blog/tags/debian edu/index.html

   1 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
   2           "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
   3 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" dir="ltr">
   4   <head>
   5     <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8" />
   6     <title>Petter Reinholdtsen: Entries Tagged debian edu</title>
   7     <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="screen" href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/style.css" />
   8     <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="screen" href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/vim.css" />
   9     <link rel="alternate" title="RSS Feed" href="debian edu.rss" type="application/rss+xml" />
  10   </head>
  11   <body>
  12     <div class="title">
  13  <h1>
  14      <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/">Petter Reinholdtsen</a>
  15
  16  </h1>
  17
  18 </div>
  19
  20
  21     <h3>Entries tagged "debian edu".</h3>
  22
  23     <div class="entry">
  24       <div class="title">
  25         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Quicker_Debian_installations_using_eatmydata.html">Quicker Debian installations using eatmydata</a>
  26       </div>
  27       <div class="date">
  28         25th November 2016
  29       </div>
  30       <div class="body">
  31         <p>Two years ago, I did some experiments with eatmydata and the Debian
  32 installation system, observing how using
  33 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Speeding_up_the_Debian_installer_using_eatmydata_and_dpkg_divert.html">eatmydata
  34 could speed up the installation</a> quite a bit.  My testing measured
  35 speedup around 20-40 percent for Debian Edu, where we install around
  36 1000 packages from within the installer.  The eatmydata package
  37 provide a way to disable/delay file system flushing.  This is a bit
  38 risky in the general case, as files that should be stored on disk will
  39 stay only in memory a bit longer than expected, causing problems if a
  40 machine crashes at an inconvenient time.  But for an installation, if
  41 the machine crashes during installation the process is normally
  42 restarted, and avoiding disk operations as much as possible to speed
  43 up the process make perfect sense.
  44
  45 <p>I added code in the Debian Edu specific installation code to enable
  46 <a href="https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/libeatmydata">eatmydata</a>,
  47 but did not have time to push it any further.  But a few months ago I
  48 picked it up again and worked with the libeatmydata package maintainer
  49 Mattia Rizzolo to make it easier for everyone to get this installation
  50 speedup in Debian.  Thanks to our cooperation There is now an
  51 eatmydata-udeb package in Debian testing and unstable, and simply
  52 enabling/installing it in debian-installer (d-i) is enough to get the
  53 quicker installations.  It can be enabled using preseeding.  The
  54 following untested kernel argument should do the trick:</p>
  55
  56 <blockquote><pre>
  57 preseed/early_command="anna-install eatmydata-udeb"
  58 </pre></blockquote>
  59
  60 <p>This should ask d-i to install the package inside the d-i
  61 environment early in the installation sequence.  Having it installed
  62 in d-i in turn will make sure the relevant scripts are called just
  63 after debootstrap filled /target/ with the freshly installed Debian
  64 system to configure apt to run dpkg with eatmydata.  This is enough to
  65 speed up the installation process.  There is a proposal to
  66 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/841153">extend the idea a bit further
  67 by using /etc/ld.so.preload instead of apt.conf</a>, but I have not
  68 tested its impact.</p>
  69
  70
  71       </div>
  72       <div class="tags">
  73
  74
  75         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
  76
  77
  78       </div>
  79     </div>
  80     <div class="padding"></div>
  81
  82     <div class="entry">
  83       <div class="title">
  84         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_new__best__multimedia_player_in_Debian_.html">The new "best" multimedia player in Debian?</a>
  85       </div>
  86       <div class="date">
  87          6th June 2016
  88       </div>
  89       <div class="body">
  90         <p>When I set out a few weeks ago to figure out
  91 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/What_is_the_best_multimedia_player_in_Debian_.html">which
  92 multimedia player in Debian claimed to support most file formats /
  93 MIME types</a>, I was a bit surprised how varied the sets of MIME types
  94 the various players claimed support for.  The range was from 55 to 130
  95 MIME types.  I suspect most media formats are supported by all
  96 players, but this is not really reflected in the MimeTypes values in
  97 their desktop files.  There are probably also some bogus MIME types
  98 listed, but it is hard to identify which one this is.</p>
  99
 100 <p>Anyway, in the mean time I got in touch with upstream for some of
 101 the players suggesting to add more MIME types to their desktop files,
 102 and decided to spend some time myself improving the situation for my
 103 favorite media player VLC.  The fixes for VLC entered Debian unstable
 104 yesterday. The complete list of MIME types can be seen on the
 105 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianMultimedia/PlayerSupport">Multimedia
 106 player MIME type support status</a> Debian wiki page.</p>
 107
 108 <p>The new "best" multimedia player in Debian?  It is VLC, followed by
 109 totem, parole, kplayer, gnome-mpv, mpv, smplayer, mplayer-gui and
 110 kmplayer.  I am sure some of the other players desktop files support
 111 several of the formats currently listed as working only with vlc,
 112 toten and parole.</p>
 113
 114 <p>A sad observation is that only 14 MIME types are listed as
 115 supported by all the tested multimedia players in Debian in their
 116 desktop files: audio/mpeg, audio/vnd.rn-realaudio, audio/x-mpegurl,
 117 audio/x-ms-wma, audio/x-scpls, audio/x-wav, video/mp4, video/mpeg,
 118 video/quicktime, video/vnd.rn-realvideo, video/x-matroska,
 119 video/x-ms-asf, video/x-ms-wmv and video/x-msvideo.  Personally I find
 120 it sad that video/ogg and video/webm is not supported by all the media
 121 players in Debian.  As far as I can tell, all of them can handle both
 122 formats.</p>
 123
 124       </div>
 125       <div class="tags">
 126
 127
 128         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
 129
 130
 131       </div>
 132     </div>
 133     <div class="padding"></div>
 134
 135     <div class="entry">
 136       <div class="title">
 137         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/What_is_the_best_multimedia_player_in_Debian_.html">What is the best multimedia player in Debian?</a>
 138       </div>
 139       <div class="date">
 140          8th May 2016
 141       </div>
 142       <div class="body">
 143         <p><strong>Where I set out to figure out which multimedia player in
 144 Debian claim support for most file formats.</strong></p>
 145
 146 <p>A few years ago, I had a look at the media support for Browser
 147 plugins in Debian, to get an idea which plugins to include in Debian
 148 Edu.  I created a script to extract the set of supported MIME types
 149 for each plugin, and used this to find out which multimedia browser
 150 plugin supported most file formats / media types.
 151 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/BrowserMultimedia">The
 152 result</a> can still be seen on the Debian wiki, even though it have
 153 not been updated for a while.  But browser plugins are less relevant
 154 these days, so I thought it was time to look at standalone
 155 players.</p>
 156
 157 <p>A few days ago I was tired of VLC not being listed as a viable
 158 player when I wanted to play videos from the Norwegian National
 159 Broadcasting Company, and decided to investigate why.  The cause is a
 160 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/822245">missing MIME type in the VLC
 161 desktop file</a>.  In the process I wrote a script to compare the set
 162 of MIME types announced in the desktop file and the browser plugin,
 163 only to discover that there is quite a large difference between the
 164 two for VLC.  This discovery made me dig up the script I used to
 165 compare browser plugins, and adjust it to compare desktop files
 166 instead, to try to figure out which multimedia player in Debian
 167 support most file formats.</p>
 168
 169 <p>The result can be seen on the Debian Wiki, as
 170 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianMultimedia/PlayerSupport">a
 171 table listing all MIME types supported by one of the packages included
 172 in the table</a>, with the package supporting most MIME types being
 173 listed first in the table.</p>
 174
 175 </p>The best multimedia player in Debian?  It is totem, followed by
 176 parole, kplayer, mpv, vlc, smplayer mplayer-gui gnome-mpv and
 177 kmplayer.  Time for the other players to update their announced MIME
 178 support?</p>
 179
 180       </div>
 181       <div class="tags">
 182
 183
 184         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
 185
 186
 187       </div>
 188     </div>
 189     <div class="padding"></div>
 190
 191     <div class="entry">
 192       <div class="title">
 193         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ny_utgave__v2_2__av_den_frie_norske_stavekontrollen_gitt_ut.html">Ny utgave (v2.2) av den frie norske stavekontrollen gitt ut</a>
 194       </div>
 195       <div class="date">
 196         15th April 2016
 197       </div>
 198       <div class="body">
 199         <p>I dag tok jeg mot til meg og pakket sammen en ny versjon av den
 200 frie norske stavekontrollen, ca. tre og et halvt år etter forrige
 201 gang.  Resultatet kan lastes ned fra
 202 <a href="http://no.speling.org/">no.speling.org-prosjeksiden</a>, både
 203 som kildekodepakke og som "pack"-fil som kanskje fortsatt kan brukes
 204 av OpenOffice.org/LibreOffice.  Byggesystemet trenger oppussing, men i
 205 denne omgang hadde jeg bare tid til å fikse byggefeil forårsaket av
 206 endringer i GNU grep.  De øvrige endringene var gjort tidligere i
 207 påvente av en ny utgave.</p>
 208
 209 <p><strong>Her er det som er nytt (fra NEWS-fila i
 210 kildekodepakken):</strong></p>
 211
 212 <p>Release 2.2 (2016-04-15)</p>
 213
 214 <ul>
 215
 216  <li>Rewrite how scripts/speling2words handle tripple consonants, to
 217    avoid importing duplicate words from no.speling.org, and getting
 218    rid of the existing duplicates in norsk.words.</li>
 219  <li>Remove duplicate entries with tripple consonants from norsk.words.</li>
 220  <li>Update frequency for entries in norsk.words based on
 221    <URL:http://helmer.aksis.uib.no/nta/ordlistf.zip> (ran 'make
 222    freq-update').</li>
 223  <li>Correct nn ispell build, avoid crash in munchlist causing lots of
 224    words to fall out of the database.</li>
 225  <li>Use grep -a to convince grep it is working on text files, to work
 226    with newer grep versions.</li>
 227
 228  <li>Remove some words disputed in the no.speling.org review process:
 229    <ul>
 230     <li>apparent (nb)</li>
 231     <li>likke (nb)</li>
 232     <li>ugjest, ugjesten, ugjestens (nb)</li>
 233  </ul></li>
 234
 235 </ul>
 236
 237       </div>
 238       <div class="tags">
 239
 240
 241         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
 242
 243
 244       </div>
 245     </div>
 246     <div class="padding"></div>
 247
 248     <div class="entry">
 249       <div class="title">
 250         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_GNU_General_Public_License_is_not_magic_pixie_dust.html">The GNU General Public License is not magic pixie dust</a>
 251       </div>
 252       <div class="date">
 253         30th November 2015
 254       </div>
 255       <div class="body">
 256         <p>A blog post from my fellow Debian developer Paul Wise titled
 257 "<a href="http://bonedaddy.net/pabs3/log/2015/11/27/sfc-supporter/">The
 258 GPL is not magic pixie dust</a>" explain the importance of making sure
 259 the <a href="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html">GPL</a> is enforced.
 260 I quote the blog post from Paul in full here with his permission:<p>
 261
 262 <blockquote>
 263
 264 <p><a href="https://sfconservancy.org/supporter/"><img src="https://sfconservancy.org/img/supporter-badge.png" width="194" height="90" alt="Become a Software Freedom Conservancy Supporter!" align="right" border="0" /></a></p>
 265
 266 <blockquote>
 267 The GPL is not magic pixie dust. It does not work by itself.<br/>
 268
 269 The first step is to choose a
 270 <a href="https://copyleft.org/">copyleft</a> license for your
 271 code.<br/>
 272
 273 The next step is, when someone fails to follow that copyleft license,
 274 <b>it must be enforced</b><br/>
 275
 276 and its a simple fact of our modern society that such type of
 277 work<br/>
 278
 279 is incredibly expensive to do and incredibly difficult to do.
 280 </blockquote>
 281
 282 <p><small>-- <a href="http://ebb.org/bkuhn/">Bradley Kuhn</a>, in
 283 <a href="http://faif.us/" title="Free as in Freedom">FaiF</a>
 284 <a href="http://faif.us/cast/2015/nov/24/0x57/">episode
 285 0x57</a></small></p>
 286
 287 <p>As the Debian Website
 288 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/794116">used</a>
 289 <a href="https://anonscm.debian.org/viewvc/webwml/webwml/english/intro/free.wml?r1=1.24&amp;r2=1.25">to</a>
 290 imply, public domain and permissively licensed software can lead to
 291 the production of more proprietary software as people discover useful
 292 software, extend it and or incorporate it into their hardware or
 293 software products.  Copyleft licenses such as the GNU GPL were created
 294 to close off this avenue to the production of proprietary software but
 295 such licenses are not enough.  With the ongoing adoption of Free
 296 Software by individuals and groups, inevitably the community's
 297 expectations of license compliance are violated, usually out of
 298 ignorance of the way Free Software works, but not always.  As Karen
 299 and Bradley explained in <a href="http://faif.us/" title="Free as in
 300 Freedom">FaiF</a>
 301 <a href="http://faif.us/cast/2015/nov/24/0x57/">episode 0x57</a>,
 302 copyleft is nothing if no-one is willing and able to stand up in court
 303 to protect it.  The reality of today's world is that legal
 304 representation is expensive, difficult and time consuming.  With
 305 <a href="http://gpl-violations.org/">gpl-violations.org</a> in hiatus
 306 <a href="http://gpl-violations.org/news/20151027-homepage-recovers/">until</a>
 307 some time in 2016, the <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/">Software
 308 Freedom Conservancy</a> (a tax-exempt charity) is the major defender
 309 of the Linux project, Debian and other groups against GPL violations.
 310 In March the SFC supported a
 311 <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/news/2015/mar/05/vmware-lawsuit/">lawsuit
 312 by Christoph Hellwig</a> against VMware for refusing to
 313 <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/linux-compliance/vmware-lawsuit-faq.html">comply
 314 with the GPL</a> in relation to their use of parts of the Linux
 315 kernel.  Since then two of their sponsors pulled corporate funding and
 316 conferences
 317 <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/blog/2015/nov/24/faif-carols-fundraiser/">blocked
 318 or cancelled their talks</a>.  As a result they have decided to rely
 319 less on corporate funding and more on the broad community of
 320 individuals who support Free Software and copyleft.  So the SFC has
 321 <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/news/2015/nov/23/2015fundraiser/">launched</a>
 322 a <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/supporter/">campaign</a> to create
 323 a community of folks who stand up for copyleft and the GPL by
 324 supporting their work on promoting and supporting copyleft and Free
 325 Software.</p>
 326
 327 <p>If you support Free Software,
 328 <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/blog/2015/nov/26/like-what-I-do/">like</a>
 329 what the SFC do, agree with their
 330 <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/linux-compliance/principles.html">compliance
 331 principles</a>, are happy about their
 332 <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/supporter/">successes</a> in 2015,
 333 work on a project that is an SFC
 334 <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/members/current/">member</a> and or
 335 just want to stand up for copyleft, please join
 336 <a href="https://identi.ca/cwebber/image/JQGPA4qbTyyp3-MY8QpvuA">Christopher
 337 Allan Webber</a>,
 338 <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/blog/2015/nov/24/faif-carols-fundraiser/">Carol
 339 Smith</a>,
 340 <a href="http://www.jonobacon.org/2015/11/25/supporting-software-freedom-conservancy/">Jono
 341 Bacon</a>, myself and
 342 <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/sponsors/#supporters">others</a> in
 343 becoming a
 344 <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/supporter/">supporter</a>.  For the
 345 next week your donation will be
 346 <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/news/2015/nov/27/black-friday/">matched</a>
 347 by an anonymous donor.  Please also consider asking your employer to
 348 match your donation or become a sponsor of SFC.  Don't forget to
 349 spread the word about your support for SFC via email, your blog and or
 350 social media accounts.</p>
 351
 352 </blockquote>
 353
 354 <p>I agree with Paul on this topic and just signed up as a Supporter
 355 of Software Freedom Conservancy myself.  Perhaps you should be a
 356 supporter too?</p>
 357
 358       </div>
 359       <div class="tags">
 360
 361
 362         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett</a>.
 363
 364
 365       </div>
 366     </div>
 367     <div class="padding"></div>
 368
 369     <div class="entry">
 370       <div class="title">
 371         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Jessie_based_Debian_Edu_beta_release.html">First Jessie based Debian Edu beta release</a>
 372       </div>
 373       <div class="date">
 374         26th April 2015
 375       </div>
 376       <div class="body">
 377         <p>I am happy to report that the Debian Edu team sent out
 378 <a href="https://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2015/04/msg00000.html">this
 379 announcement today</a>:</p>
 380
 381 <pre>
 382 the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project is pleased to announce the first
 383 *beta* release of Debian Edu "Jessie" 8.0+edu0~b1, which for the first
 384 time is composed entirely of packages from the current Debian stable
 385 release, Debian 8 "Jessie".
 386
 387 (As most reading this will know, Debian "Jessie" hasn't actually been
 388 released by now. The release is still in progress but should finish
 389 later today ;)
 390
 391 We expect to make a final release of Debian Edu "Jessie" in the coming
 392 weeks, timed with the first point release of Debian Jessie. Upgrades
 393 from this beta release of Debian Edu Jessie to the final release will
 394 be possible and encouraged!
 395
 396 Please report feedback to debian-edu@lists.debian.org and/or submit
 397 bugs: http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs
 398
 399 Debian Edu - sometimes also known as "Skolelinux" - is a complete
 400 operating system for schools, universities and other
 401 organisations. Through its pre- prepared installation profiles
 402 administrators can install servers, workstations and laptops which
 403 will work in harmony on the school network.  With Debian Edu, the
 404 teachers themselves or their technical support staff can roll out a
 405 complete multi-user, multi-machine study environment within hours or
 406 days.
 407
 408 Debian Edu is already in use at several hundred schools all over the
 409 world, particularly in Germany, Spain and Norway. Installations come
 410 with hundreds of applications pre-installed, plus the whole Debian
 411 archive of thousands of compatible packages within easy reach.
 412
 413 For those who want to give Debian Edu Jessie a try, download and
 414 installation instructions are available, including detailed
 415 instructions in the manual explaining the first steps, such as setting
 416 up a network or adding users.  Please note that the password for the
 417 user your prompted for during installation must have a length of at
 418 least 5 characters!
 419
 420 == Where to download ==
 421
 422 A multi-architecture CD / usbstick image (649 MiB) for network booting
 423 can be downloaded at the following locations:
 424
 425     http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~b1-CD.iso
 426     rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~b1-CD.iso .
 427
 428 The SHA1SUM of this image is: 54a524d16246cddd8d2cfd6ea52f2dd78c47ee0a
 429
 430 Alternatively an extended DVD / usbstick image (4.9 GiB) is also
 431 available, with more software included (saving additional download
 432 time):
 433
 434     http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~b1-USB.iso
 435     rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~b1-USB.iso
 436
 437 The SHA1SUM of this image is: fb1f1504a490c077a48653898f9d6a461cb3c636
 438
 439 Sources are available from the Debian archive, see
 440 http://ftp.debian.org/debian-cd/8.0.0/source/ for some download
 441 options.
 442
 443 == Debian Edu Jessie manual in seven languages ==
 444
 445 Please see https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie/ for
 446 the English version of the Debian Edu jessie manual.
 447
 448 This manual has been fully translated to German, French, Italian,
 449 Danish, Dutch and Norwegian Bokmål. A partly translated version exists
 450 for Spanish.  See http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/ for
 451 online version of the translated manual.
 452
 453 More information about Debian 8 "Jessie" itself is provided in the
 454 release notes and the installation manual:
 455 - http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/releasenotes
 456 - http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/installmanual
 457
 458
 459 == Errata / known problems ==
 460
 461     It takes up to 15 minutes for a changed hostname to be updated via
 462     DHCP (#780461).
 463
 464     The hostname script fails to update LTSP server hostname (#783087).
 465
 466 Workaround: run update-hostname-from-ip on the client to update the
 467 hostname immediately.
 468
 469 Check https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie for a possibly
 470 more current and complete list.
 471
 472 == Some more details about Debian Edu 8.0+edu0~b1 Codename Jessie released 2015-04-25 ==
 473
 474 === Software updates ===
 475
 476 Everything which is new in Debian 8 Jessie, e.g.:
 477
 478  * Linux kernel 3.16.7-ctk9; for the i386 architecture, support for
 479    i486 processors has been dropped; oldest supported ones: i586 (like
 480    Intel Pentium and AMD K5).
 481
 482  * Desktop environments KDE Plasma Workspaces 4.11.13, GNOME 3.14,
 483    Xfce 4.12, LXDE 0.5.6
 484    * new optional desktop environment: MATE 1.8
 485    * KDE Plasma Workspaces is installed by default; to choose one of
 486      the others see the manual.
 487  * the browsers Iceweasel 31 ESR and Chromium 41
 488  * LibreOffice 4.3.3
 489  * GOsa 2.7.4
 490  * LTSP 5.5.4
 491  * CUPS print system 1.7.5
 492  * new boot framework: systemd
 493  * Educational toolbox GCompris 14.12
 494  * Music creator Rosegarden 14.02
 495  * Image editor Gimp 2.8.14
 496  * Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.13.1
 497  * golearn 0.9
 498  * tuxpaint 0.9.22
 499  * New version of debian-installer from Debian Jessie.
 500  * Debian Jessie includes about 43000 packages available for installation.
 501  * More information about Debian 8 Jessie is provided in its release
 502    notes and the installation manual, see the link above.
 503
 504 === Installation changes ===
 505
 506     Installations done via PXE now also install firmware automatically
 507     for the hardware present.
 508
 509 === Fixed bugs ===
 510
 511 A number of bugs have been fixed in this release; the most noticeable
 512 from a user perspective:
 513
 514  * Inserting incorrect DNS information in Gosa will no longer break
 515    DNS completely, but instead stop DNS updates until the incorrect
 516    information is corrected (710362)
 517
 518  * shutdown-at-night now shuts the system down if gdm3 is used (775608).
 519
 520 === Sugar desktop removed ===
 521
 522 As the Sugar desktop was removed from Debian Jessie, it is also not
 523 available in Debian Edu jessie.
 524
 525
 526 == About Debian Edu / Skolelinux ==
 527
 528 Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux, is a Linux distribution based on
 529 Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
 530 configured school network. Directly after installation a school server
 531 running all services needed for a school network is set up just
 532 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
 533 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
 534 initial installation of the main server from CD or USB stick all other
 535 machines can be installed via the network. The provided school server
 536 provides LDAP database and Kerberos authentication service,
 537 centralized home directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other
 538 services.  The desktop contains more than 60 educational software
 539 packages and more are available from the Debian archive, and schools
 540 can choose between KDE, GNOME, LXDE, Xfce and MATE desktop
 541 environment.
 542
 543 == About Debian ==
 544
 545 The Debian Project was founded in 1993 by Ian Murdock to be a truly
 546 free community project. Since then the project has grown to be one of
 547 the largest and most influential open source projects. Thousands of
 548 volunteers from all over the world work together to create and
 549 maintain Debian software. Available in 70 languages, and supporting a
 550 huge range of computer types, Debian calls itself the universal
 551 operating system.
 552
 553 == Thanks ==
 554
 555 Thanks to everyone making Debian and Debian Edu / Skolelinux happen!
 556 You rock.
 557 </pre>
 558
 559       </div>
 560       <div class="tags">
 561
 562
 563         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 564
 565
 566       </div>
 567     </div>
 568     <div class="padding"></div>
 569
 570     <div class="entry">
 571       <div class="title">
 572         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Shirish_Agarwal.html">Debian Edu interview: Shirish Agarwal</a>
 573       </div>
 574       <div class="date">
 575         15th April 2015
 576       </div>
 577       <div class="body">
 578         <p>It was a surprise to me to learn that project to create a complete
 579 computer system for schools I've involved in,
 580 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>, was
 581 being used in India.  But apparently it is, and I managed to get an
 582 interview with one of the friends of the project there, Shirish
 583 Agarwal.</p>
 584
 585 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
 586
 587 <p>My name is Shirish Agarwal. Based out of the educational and
 588 historical city of Pune, from the western state of Maharashtra, India.
 589 My bread comes from giving training, giving policy tips,
 590 installations on free software to mom and pop shops in different
 591 fields from Desktop publishing to retail shops as well as work with
 592 few software start-ups as well.</p>
 593
 594 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
 595 project?</strong></p>
 596
 597 <p>It started innocently enough. I have been using Debian for a few
 598 years and in one local minidebconf / debutsav I was asked if there was
 599 anything for schools or education. I had worked / played with free
 600 educational softwares such as Gcompris and Stellarium for my many
 601 nieces and nephews so researched and found Debian Edu or Skolelinux as
 602 it was known then.  Since then I have started using the various
 603 education meta-packages provided by the project.</p>
 604
 605 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 606 Edu?</strong></p>
 607
 608 <p>It's closest I have seen where a package full of educational
 609 software are packed, which are free and open (both literally and
 610 figuratively).  Even if I take the simplest software which is
 611 gcompris, the number of activities therein are amazing. Another one of
 612 the softwares that I have liked for a long time is stellarium. Even
 613 pysycache is cool except for couple of issues I encountered
 614 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/781841">#781841</a> and
 615 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/781842">#781842</a>.</p>
 616
 617 <p>I prefer software installed on the system over web based solutions,
 618 as a web site can disappear any time but the software on disk has the
 619 possibility of a larger life span.  Of course with both it's more a
 620 question if it has enough users who make it fun or sustainable or both
 621 for the developer per-se.</p>
 622
 623 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 624 Edu?</strong></p>
 625
 626 <p>I do see that the Debian Edu team seems to be short-handed and I
 627 think more efforts should be made to make it popular and ask and take
 628 help from people and the larger community wherever possible.</p>
 629
 630 <p>I don't see any disadvantage to use Skolelinux apart from the fact
 631 that most apps. are generic which is good or bad how you see it.
 632 However, saying that I do acknowledge the fact that the canvas is
 633 pretty big and there are lot of interesting ideas that could be done
 634 but for reasons not known not done or if done I don't know about them.
 635 Let me share some of the ideas (these are more upstream based but
 636 still) I have had for a long time :</p>
 637
 638 <p>1. Classical maths question of two trains in opposing directions
 639 each running @x kmph/mph at y distance, when they will meet and how
 640 far would each travel and similar questions like these.
 641
 642 <p>The computer is a fantastic system where questions like these can
 643 be drawn, animated and the methodology and answers teased out in
 644 interactive manner. While sites such as the
 645 <a href="http://mathforum.org/dr.math/faq/faq.two.trains.html">Ask
 646 Dr. Math FAQ on The Two Trains problem</a> (as an example or point of
 647 inspiration) can be used there is lot more that can be done.  I dunno
 648 if there is a free software which does something like this.  The idea
 649 being a blend of objects + animation + interaction which does
 650 this. The whole interaction could be gamified with points or sounds or
 651 colourful celebration whenever the user gets even part of the question
 652 or/and methodology right. That would help reinforce good behaviour.
 653 This understanding could be used to share/showcase everything from how
 654 the first wheel came to be, to evolution to how astronomy started,
 655 psychics and everything in-between.</p>
 656
 657 <p>One specific idea in the train part was having the Linux mascot on
 658 one train and the BSD or GNU mascot on the other train and they
 659 meeting somewhere in-between. Characters from blender movies could
 660 also be used.</p>
 661
 662 <p>2. Loads of crossword-puzzles with reference to subjects: We have
 663 enormous data sets in Wikipedia and Wikitionary.  I don't think it
 664 should be a big job to design crossword puzzles. Using categories and
 665 sub-categories it should be doable to have Q&A single word answers
 666 from the existing data-sets. What would make it easy or hard could be
 667 the length of the word + existence of many or few vowels depending on
 668 the user's input.</p>
 669
 670 <p>3. Jigsaw puzzles - We already have a great software called
 671 palapeli with number of slicers making it pretty interesting. What
 672 needs to be done is to download large number of public domain and
 673 copyleft images, tease and use IPTC tags to categorise them into
 674 nature, history etc.  and let it loose. This could turn to be really
 675 huge collection of images. One source could be taken from
 676 commons.wikimedia.org, others could be huge collection of royalty-free
 677 stock photos. Potential is immense.</p>
 678
 679 <p>Apart from this, free software suffers in two directions, we lag
 680 both in development (of using new features per-se) and maintenance a
 681 lot.  This is more so in educational software as these applications
 682 need to be timely and the opportunity cost of missing deadlines is
 683 immense. If we are able to solve issues of funding for development and
 684 maintenance of such software I don't see any big difficulties. I know
 685 of few start-ups in and around India who would love to develop and
 686 maintain such software if funding issues could be solved.</p>
 687
 688 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
 689
 690 <p>That would be huge list. Some of the softwares are obviously apt,
 691 aptitude, debdelta, leafpad, the shell of course (zsh nowadays),
 692 quassel for IRC. In games I use shisen-sho while card-games are evenly
 693 between kpat and Aiselriot.  In desktops it's a tie between
 694 gnome-flashback and mate.</p>
 695
 696 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
 697 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
 698
 699 <p>I think it should first start with using specific FOSS apps. in
 700 whatever environment they are. If it's MS-Windows or Mac so be it.
 701 Once they are habitual with the apps. and there is buy-in from the
 702 school management then it could be installed anywhere. Most of the
 703 people now understand the concept of a repository because of the
 704 various online stores so it isn't hard to convince on that front.</p>
 705
 706 <p>What is harder is having enough people with technical skills and
 707 passion to service them. If you get buy-in from one or two teachers
 708 then ideas like above could also be asked to be done as a project as
 709 well.</p>
 710
 711 <p>I think where we fall short more than anything is in marketing. For
 712 instance, Debian has this whole range of fonts in its archive but
 713 there isn't even a page where all those different fonts in the La
 714 Ipsum format could be tried out for newcomers.</p>
 715
 716 <p>One of the issues faced constantly in installations is with updates
 717 and upgrades.  People have this myth that each update and upgrade
 718 means the user interface will / has to change. I have seen this
 719 innumerable times.  That perhaps is one of the reasons which browsers
 720 like Iceweasel / Firefox change user interfaces so much, not because
 721 it might be needed or be functional but because people believe that
 722 changed user interfaces are better. This, can easily be pointed with
 723 the user interfaces changed with almost every MS-Windows and Mac OS
 724 releases.</p>
 725
 726 <p>The problems with Debian Edu for deployment are many. The biggest
 727 is the huge gap between what is taught in schools and what Debian Edu
 728 is aimed at.
 729
 730 <p>Me and my friends did teach on week-ends in a government school for
 731 around 2 years, and
 732 <a href="https://flossexperiences.wordpress.com/2012/10/08/sharings/">gathered
 733 some experience</a> there.  Some of the things we learnt/discovered
 734 there was :</p>
 735
 736 <ol>
 737
 738   <li>Most of the teachers are very territorial about their subjects
 739    and they do not want you to teach anything out of the
 740    portion/syllabus given.</li>
 741
 742   <li>They want any activity on the system in accordance to whatever
 743    is in the syllabus.</li>
 744
 745   <li>There are huge barriers both with the English language and at
 746    times with objects or whatever. An example, let's say in gcompris
 747    you have objects falling down and you have to name them and let's
 748    say the falling object is a hat or a fedora hat, this would not be
 749    as recognizable as say a
 750    <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puneri_Pagadi">Puneri
 751    Pagdi</a> so there is need to inject local objects, words wherever
 752    possible. Especially for word-games there are so many hindi words
 753    which have become part of english vocabulary (for instance in
 754    parley), those could be made into a hinglish collection or
 755    something but that is something for upstream to do.</li>
 756
 757 </ol>
 758
 759       </div>
 760       <div class="tags">
 761
 762
 763         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
 764
 765
 766       </div>
 767     </div>
 768     <div class="padding"></div>
 769
 770     <div class="entry">
 771       <div class="title">
 772         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Jessie_based_Debian_Edu_released__alpha0_.html">First Jessie based Debian Edu released (alpha0)</a>
 773       </div>
 774       <div class="date">
 775         27th October 2014
 776       </div>
 777       <div class="body">
 778         <p>I am happy to report that I on behalf of the Debian Edu team just
 779 sent out
 780 <a href="https://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2014/10/msg00000.html">this
 781 announcement</a>:</p>
 782
 783 <pre>
 784 The Debian Edu Team is pleased to announce the release of Debian Edu
 785 Jessie 8.0+edu0~alpha0
 786
 787 Debian Edu is a complete operating system for schools. Through its
 788 various installation profiles you can install servers, workstations
 789 and laptops which will work together on the school network. With
 790 Debian Edu, the teachers themselves or their technical support can
 791 roll out a complete multi-user multi-machine study environment within
 792 hours or a few days. Debian Edu comes with hundreds of applications
 793 pre-installed, but you can always add more packages from Debian.
 794
 795 For those who want to give Debian Edu Jessie a try, download and
 796 installation instructions are available, including detailed
 797 instructions in the manual[1] explaining the first steps, such as
 798 setting up a network or adding users. Please note that the password
 799 for the user your prompted for during installation must have a length
 800 of at least 5 characters!
 801
 802  [1] &lt;URL: <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie">https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie</a> &gt;
 803
 804 Would you like to give your school's computer a longer life? Are you
 805 tired of sneaker administration, running from computer to computer
 806 reinstalling the operating system? Would you like to administrate all
 807 the computers in your school using only a couple of hours every week?
 808 Check out Debian Edu Jessie!
 809
 810 Skolelinux is used by at least two hundred schools all over the world,
 811 mostly in Germany and Norway.
 812
 813 About Debian Edu and Skolelinux
 814 ===============================
 815
 816 Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux[2], is a Linux distribution based
 817 on Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
 818 configured school network. Immediately after installation a school
 819 server running all services needed for a school network is set up just
 820 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
 821 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
 822 initial installation of the main server from CD or USB stick all other
 823 machines can be installed via the network.  The provided school server
 824 provides LDAP database and Kerberos authentication service,
 825 centralized home directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other
 826 services.  The desktop contains more than 60 educational software
 827 packages[3] and more are available from the Debian archive, and
 828 schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE, Xfce and MATE desktop
 829 environment.
 830
 831  [2] &lt;URL: <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">http://www.skolelinux.org/</a> &gt;
 832  [3] &lt;URL: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html</a> &gt;
 833
 834 Full release notes and manual
 835 =============================
 836
 837 Below the download URLs there is a list of some of the new features
 838 and bugfixes of Debian Edu 8.0+edu0~alpha0 Codename Jessie. The full
 839 list is part of the manual. (See the feature list in the manual[4] for
 840 the English version.) For some languages manual translations are
 841 available, see the manual translation overview[5].
 842
 843  [4] &lt;URL: <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie/Features">https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie/Features</a> &gt;
 844  [5] &lt;URL: <a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/">http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/</a> &gt;
 845
 846 Where to get it
 847 ---------------
 848
 849 To download the multiarch netinstall CD release (624 MiB) you can use
 850
 851  * <a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso</a>
 852  * <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso</a>
 853  * rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso .
 854
 855 The SHA1SUM of this image is: 361188818e036ce67280a572f757de82ebfeb095
 856
 857 New features for Debian Edu 8.0+edu0~alpha0 Codename Jessie released 2014-10-27
 858 ===============================================================================
 859
 860
 861 Installation changes
 862 --------------------
 863
 864  * PXE installation now installs firmware automatically for the hardware present.
 865
 866 Software updates
 867 ----------------
 868
 869 Everything which is new in Debian Jessie 8.0, eg:
 870
 871  * Linux kernel 3.16.x
 872  * Desktop environments KDE "Plasma" 4.11.12, GNOME 3.14, Xfce 4.10,
 873    LXDE 0.5.6 and MATE 1.8 (KDE "Plasma" is installed by default; to
 874    choose one of the others see manual.)
 875  * the browsers Iceweasel 31 ESR and Chromium 38
 876  * !LibreOffice 4.3.3
 877  * GOsa 2.7.4
 878  * LTSP 5.5.4
 879  * CUPS print system 1.7.5
 880  * new boot framework: systemd
 881  * Educational toolbox GCompris 14.07
 882  * Music creator Rosegarden 14.02
 883  * Image editor Gimp 2.8.14
 884  * Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.13.0
 885  * golearn 0.9
 886  * tuxpaint 0.9.22
 887  * New version of debian-installer from Debian Jessie.
 888  * Debian Jessie includes about 42000 packages available for
 889    installation.
 890  * More information about Debian Jessie 8.0 is provided in the release
 891    notes[6] and the installation manual[7].
 892
 893  [6] &lt;URL: <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/releasenotes">http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/releasenotes</a> &gt;
 894  [7] &lt;URL: <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/installmanual">http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/installmanual</a> &gt;
 895
 896 Fixed bugs
 897 ----------
 898
 899  * Inserting incorrect DNS information in Gosa will no longer break
 900    DNS completely, but instead stop DNS updates until the incorrect
 901    information is corrected (Debian bug #710362)
 902  * and many others.
 903
 904 Documentation and translation updates
 905 -------------------------------------
 906
 907  * The Debian Edu Jessie Manual is fully translated to German, French,
 908    Italian, Danish and Dutch. Partly translated versions exist for
 909    Norwegian Bokmal and Spanish.
 910
 911 Other changes
 912 -------------
 913
 914  * Due to new Squid settings, powering off or rebooting the main
 915    server takes more time.
 916  * To manage printers localhost:631 has to be used, currently www:631
 917    doesn't work.
 918
 919 Regressions / known problems
 920 ----------------------------
 921
 922  * Installing LTSP chroot fails with a bug related to eatmydata about
 923    exim4-config failing to run its postinst (see Debian bug #765694
 924    and Debian bug #762103).
 925  * Munin collection is not properly configured on clients (Debian bug
 926    #764594).  The fix is available in a newer version of munin-node.
 927  * PXE setup for Main Server and Thin Client Server setup does not
 928    work when installing on a machine without direct Internet access.
 929    Will be fixed when Debian bug #766960 is fixed in Jessie.
 930
 931 See the status page[8] for the complete list.
 932
 933  [8] &lt;URL: <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie">https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie</a> &gt;
 934
 935 How to report bugs
 936 ------------------
 937
 938 &lt;URL: <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a> &gt;
 939
 940 About Debian
 941 ============
 942
 943 The Debian Project was founded in 1993 by Ian Murdock to be a truly
 944 free community project. Since then the project has grown to be one of
 945 the largest and most influential open source projects. Thousands of
 946 volunteers from all over the world work together to create and
 947 maintain Debian software. Available in 70 languages, and supporting a
 948 huge range of computer types, Debian calls itself the universal
 949 operating system.
 950
 951 Contact Information
 952 For further information, please visit the Debian web pages[9] or send
 953 mail to press@debian.org.
 954
 955  [9] &lt;URL: <a href="http://www.debian.org/">http://www.debian.org/</a> &gt;
 956 </pre>
 957
 958       </div>
 959       <div class="tags">
 960
 961
 962         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 963
 964
 965       </div>
 966     </div>
 967     <div class="padding"></div>
 968
 969     <div class="entry">
 970       <div class="title">
 971         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_test_Debian_Edu_Jessie_despite_some_fatal_problems_with_the_installer.html">How to test Debian Edu Jessie despite some fatal problems with the installer</a>
 972       </div>
 973       <div class="date">
 974         26th September 2014
 975       </div>
 976       <div class="body">
 977         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
 978 project</a> provide a Linux solution for schools, including a
 979 powerful desktop with education software, a central server providing
 980 web pages, user database, user home directories, central login and PXE
 981 boot of both  clients without disk and the installation to install Debian
 982 Edu on machines with disk (and a few other services perhaps to small
 983 to mention here).  We in the Debian Edu team are currently working on
 984 the Jessie based version, trying to get everything in shape before the
 985 freeze, to avoid having to maintain our own package repository in the
 986 future.  The
 987 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie">current
 988 status</a> can be seen on the Debian wiki, and there is still heaps of
 989 work left.  Some fatal problems block testing, breaking the installer,
 990 but it is possible to work around these to get anyway.  Here is a
 991 recipe on how to get the installation limping along.</p>
 992
 993 <p>First, download the test ISO via
 994 <a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.no/cd-edu-testing-nolocal-netinst/debian-edu-amd64-i386-NETINST-1.iso">ftp</a>,
 995 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.no/cd-edu-testing-nolocal-netinst/debian-edu-amd64-i386-NETINST-1.iso">http</a>
 996 or rsync (use
 997 ftp.skolelinux.org::cd-edu-testing-nolocal-netinst/debian-edu-amd64-i386-NETINST-1.iso).
 998 The ISO build was broken on Tuesday, so we do not get a new ISO every
 999 12 hours or so, but thankfully the ISO we already got we are able to
1000 install with some tweaking.</p>
1001
1002 <p>When you get to the Debian Edu profile question, go to tty2
1003 (use Alt-Ctrl-F2), run</p>
1004
1005 <p><blockquote><pre>
1006 nano /usr/bin/edu-eatmydata-install
1007 </pre></blockquote></p>
1008
1009 <p>and add 'exit 0' as the second line, disabling the eatmydata
1010 optimization.  Return to the installation, select the profile you want
1011 and continue.  Without this change, exim4-config will fail to install
1012 due to a known bug in eatmydata.</p>
1013
1014 <p>When you get the grub question at the end, answer /dev/sda (or if
1015 this do not work, figure out what your correct value would be.  All my
1016 test machines need /dev/sda, so I have no advice if it do not fit
1017 your need.</p>
1018
1019 <p>If you installed a profile including a graphical desktop, log in as
1020 root after the initial boot from hard drive, and install the
1021 education-desktop-XXX metapackage.  XXX can be kde, gnome, lxde, xfce
1022 or mate.  If you want several desktop options, install more than one
1023 metapackage.  Once this is done, reboot and you should have a working
1024 graphical login screen.  This workaround should no longer be needed
1025 once the education-tasks package version 1.801 enter testing in two
1026 days.</p>
1027
1028 <p>I believe the ISO build will start working on two days when the new
1029 tasksel package enter testing and Steve McIntyre get a chance to
1030 update the debian-cd git repository.  The eatmydata, grub and desktop
1031 issues are already fixed in unstable and testing, and should show up
1032 on the ISO as soon as the ISO build start working again.  Well the
1033 eatmydata optimization is really just disabled.  The proper fix
1034 require an upload by the eatmydata maintainer applying the patch
1035 provided in bug <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/702711">#702711</a>.
1036 The rest have proper fixes in unstable.</p>
1037
1038 <p>I hope this get you going with the installation testing, as we are
1039 quickly running out of time trying to get our Jessie based
1040 installation ready before the distribution freeze in a month.</p>
1041
1042       </div>
1043       <div class="tags">
1044
1045
1046         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1047
1048
1049       </div>
1050     </div>
1051     <div class="padding"></div>
1052
1053     <div class="entry">
1054       <div class="title">
1055         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Speeding_up_the_Debian_installer_using_eatmydata_and_dpkg_divert.html">Speeding up the Debian installer using eatmydata and dpkg-divert</a>
1056       </div>
1057       <div class="date">
1058         16th September 2014
1059       </div>
1060       <div class="body">
1061         <p>The <a href="https://www.debian.org/">Debian</a> installer could be
1062 a lot quicker.  When we install more than 2000 packages in
1063 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a> using
1064 tasksel in the installer, unpacking the binary packages take forever.
1065 A part of the slow I/O issue was discussed in
1066 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/613428">bug #613428</a> about too
1067 much file system sync-ing done by dpkg, which is the package
1068 responsible for unpacking the binary packages.  Other parts (like code
1069 executed by postinst scripts) might also sync to disk during
1070 installation.  All this sync-ing to disk do not really make sense to
1071 me.  If the machine crash half-way through, I start over, I do not try
1072 to salvage the half installed system.  So the failure sync-ing is
1073 supposed to protect against, hardware or system crash, is not really
1074 relevant while the installer is running.</p>
1075
1076 <p>A few days ago, I thought of a way to get rid of all the file
1077 system sync()-ing in a fairly non-intrusive way, without the need to
1078 change the code in several packages.  The idea is not new, but I have
1079 not heard anyone propose the approach using dpkg-divert before.  It
1080 depend on the small and clever package
1081 <a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/eatmydata">eatmydata</a>, which
1082 uses LD_PRELOAD to replace the system functions for syncing data to
1083 disk with functions doing nothing, thus allowing programs to live
1084 dangerous while speeding up disk I/O significantly.  Instead of
1085 modifying the implementation of dpkg, apt and tasksel (which are the
1086 packages responsible for selecting, fetching and installing packages),
1087 it occurred to me that we could just divert the programs away, replace
1088 them with a simple shell wrapper calling
1089 "eatmydata&nbsp;$program&nbsp;$@", to get the same effect.
1090 Two days ago I decided to test the idea, and wrapped up a simple
1091 implementation for the Debian Edu udeb.</p>
1092
1093 <p>The effect was stunning.  In my first test it reduced the running
1094 time of the pkgsel step (installing tasks) from 64 to less than 44
1095 minutes (20 minutes shaved off the installation) on an old Dell
1096 Latitude D505 machine.  I am not quite sure what the optimised time
1097 would have been, as I messed up the testing a bit, causing the debconf
1098 priority to get low enough for two questions to pop up during
1099 installation.  As soon as I saw the questions I moved the installation
1100 along, but do not know how long the question were holding up the
1101 installation.  I did some more measurements using Debian Edu Jessie,
1102 and got these results.  The time measured is the time stamp in
1103 /var/log/syslog between the "pkgsel: starting tasksel" and the
1104 "pkgsel: finishing up" lines, if you want to do the same measurement
1105 yourself.  In Debian Edu, the tasksel dialog do not show up, and the
1106 timing thus do not depend on how quickly the user handle the tasksel
1107 dialog.</p>
1108
1109 <p><table>
1110
1111 <tr>
1112 <th>Machine/setup</th>
1113 <th>Original tasksel</th>
1114 <th>Optimised tasksel</th>
1115 <th>Reduction</th>
1116 </tr>
1117
1118 <tr>
1119 <td>Latitude D505 Main+LTSP LXDE</td>
1120 <td>64 min (07:46-08:50)</td>
1121 <td><44 min (11:27-12:11)</td>
1122 <td>>20 min 18%</td>
1123 </tr>
1124
1125 <tr>
1126 <td>Latitude D505 Roaming LXDE</td>
1127 <td>57 min (08:48-09:45)</td>
1128 <td>34 min (07:43-08:17)</td>
1129 <td>23 min 40%</td>
1130 </tr>
1131
1132 <tr>
1133 <td>Latitude D505 Minimal</td>
1134 <td>22 min (10:37-10:59)</td>
1135 <td>11 min (11:16-11:27)</td>
1136 <td>11 min 50%</td>
1137 </tr>
1138
1139 <tr>
1140 <td>Thinkpad X200 Minimal</td>
1141 <td>6 min (08:19-08:25)</td>
1142 <td>4 min (08:04-08:08)</td>
1143 <td>2 min 33%</td>
1144 </tr>
1145
1146 <tr>
1147 <td>Thinkpad X200 Roaming KDE</td>
1148 <td>19 min (09:21-09:40)</td>
1149 <td>15 min (10:25-10:40)</td>
1150 <td>4 min 21%</td>
1151 </tr>
1152
1153 </table></p>
1154
1155 <p>The test is done using a netinst ISO on a USB stick, so some of the
1156 time is spent downloading packages.  The connection to the Internet
1157 was 100Mbit/s during testing, so downloading should not be a
1158 significant factor in the measurement.  Download typically took a few
1159 seconds to a few minutes, depending on the amount of packages being
1160 installed.</p>
1161
1162 <p>The speedup is implemented by using two hooks in
1163 <a href="https://www.debian.org/devel/debian-installer/">Debian
1164 Installer</a>, the pre-pkgsel.d hook to set up the diverts, and the
1165 finish-install.d hook to remove the divert at the end of the
1166 installation.  I picked the pre-pkgsel.d hook instead of the
1167 post-base-installer.d hook because I test using an ISO without the
1168 eatmydata package included, and the post-base-installer.d hook in
1169 Debian Edu can only operate on packages included in the ISO.  The
1170 negative effect of this is that I am unable to activate this
1171 optimization for the kernel installation step in d-i.  If the code is
1172 moved to the post-base-installer.d hook, the speedup would be larger
1173 for the entire installation.</p>
1174
1175 <p>I've implemented this in the
1176 <a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/debian-edu-install">debian-edu-install</a>
1177 git repository, and plan to provide the optimization as part of the
1178 Debian Edu installation.  If you want to test this yourself, you can
1179 create two files in the installer (or in an udeb).  One shell script
1180 need do go into /usr/lib/pre-pkgsel.d/, with content like this:</p>
1181
1182 <p><blockquote><pre>
1183 #!/bin/sh
1184 set -e
1185 . /usr/share/debconf/confmodule
1186 info() {
1187     logger -t my-pkgsel "info: $*"
1188 }
1189 error() {
1190     logger -t my-pkgsel "error: $*"
1191 }
1192 override_install() {
1193     apt-install eatmydata || true
1194     if [ -x /target/usr/bin/eatmydata ] ; then
1195         for bin in dpkg apt-get aptitude tasksel ; do
1196             file=/usr/bin/$bin
1197             # Test that the file exist and have not been diverted already.
1198             if [ -f /target$file ] ; then
1199                 info "diverting $file using eatmydata"
1200                 printf "#!/bin/sh\neatmydata $bin.distrib \"\$@\"\n" \
1201                     > /target$file.edu
1202                 chmod 755 /target$file.edu
1203                 in-target dpkg-divert --package debian-edu-config \
1204                     --rename --quiet --add $file
1205                 ln -sf ./$bin.edu /target$file
1206             else
1207                 error "unable to divert $file, as it is missing."
1208             fi
1209         done
1210     else
1211         error "unable to find /usr/bin/eatmydata after installing the eatmydata pacage"
1212     fi
1213 }
1214
1215 override_install
1216 </pre></blockquote></p>
1217
1218 <p>To clean up, another shell script should go into
1219 /usr/lib/finish-install.d/ with code like this:
1220
1221 <p><blockquote><pre>
1222 #! /bin/sh -e
1223 . /usr/share/debconf/confmodule
1224 error() {
1225     logger -t my-finish-install "error: $@"
1226 }
1227 remove_install_override() {
1228     for bin in dpkg apt-get aptitude tasksel ; do
1229         file=/usr/bin/$bin
1230         if [ -x /target$file.edu ] ; then
1231             rm /target$file
1232             in-target dpkg-divert --package debian-edu-config \
1233                 --rename --quiet --remove $file
1234             rm /target$file.edu
1235         else
1236             error "Missing divert for $file."
1237         fi
1238     done
1239     sync # Flush file buffers before continuing
1240 }
1241
1242 remove_install_override
1243 </pre></blockquote></p>
1244
1245 <p>In Debian Edu, I placed both code fragments in a separate script
1246 edu-eatmydata-install and call it from the pre-pkgsel.d and
1247 finish-install.d scripts.</p>
1248
1249 <p>By now you might ask if this change should get into the normal
1250 Debian installer too?  I suspect it should, but am not sure the
1251 current debian-installer coordinators find it useful enough.  It also
1252 depend on the side effects of the change.  I'm not aware of any, but I
1253 guess we will see if the change is safe after some more testing.
1254 Perhaps there is some package in Debian depending on sync() and
1255 fsync() having effect?  Perhaps it should go into its own udeb, to
1256 allow those of us wanting to enable it to do so without affecting
1257 everyone.</p>
1258
1259 <p>Update 2014-09-24: Since a few days ago, enabling this optimization
1260 will break installation of all programs using gnutls because of
1261 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/702711">bug #702711</a>.  An updated
1262 eatmydata package in Debian will solve it.</p>
1263
1264 <p>Update 2014-10-17: The bug mentioned above is fixed in testing and
1265 the optimization work again.  And I have discovered that the
1266 dpkg-divert trick is not really needed and implemented a slightly
1267 simpler approach as part of the debian-edu-install package.  See
1268 tools/edu-eatmydata-install in the source package.</p>
1269
1270 <p>Update 2014-11-11: Unfortunately, a new
1271 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/765738">bug #765738</a> in eatmydata only
1272 triggering on i386 made it into testing, and broke this installation
1273 optimization again.  If <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/768893">unblock
1274 request 768893</a> is accepted, it should be working again.</p>
1275
1276       </div>
1277       <div class="tags">
1278
1279
1280         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1281
1282
1283       </div>
1284     </div>
1285     <div class="padding"></div>
1286
1287     <div class="entry">
1288       <div class="title">
1289         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Bernd_Zeitzen.html">Debian Edu interview: Bernd Zeitzen</a>
1290       </div>
1291       <div class="date">
1292         31st July 2014
1293       </div>
1294       <div class="body">
1295         <p>The complete and free “out of the box” software solution for
1296 schools, <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
1297 Skolelinux</a>, is used quite a lot in Germany, and one of the people
1298 involved is Bernd Zeitzen, who show up on the project mailing lists
1299 from time to time with interesting questions and tips on how to adjust
1300 the setup.  I managed to interview him this summer.</p>
1301
1302 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
1303
1304 <p>My name is Bernd Zeitzen and I'm married with Hedda, a self
1305 employed physiotherapist.  My former profession is tool maker, but I
1306 haven't worked for 30 years in this job.  30 years ago I started to
1307 support my wife and become her officeworker and a few years later the
1308 administrator for a small computer network, today based on Ubuntu
1309 Server (Samba, OpenVPN). For her daily work she has to use Windows
1310 Desktops because the software she needs to organize her business only
1311 works with Windows . :-(</p>
1312
1313 <p>In 1988 we started with one PC and DOS, then I learned to use
1314 Windows 98, 2000, XP, …, 8, Ubuntu, MacOSX.  Today we are running a
1315 Linux server with 6 Windows clients and 10 persons (teacher of
1316 children with special needs, speech therapist, occupational therapist,
1317 psychologist and officeworkers) using our Samba shares via OpenVPN to
1318 work with the documentations of our patients.</p>
1319
1320 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
1321 project?</strong></p>
1322
1323 <p>Two years ago a friend of mine asked me, if I want to get a job in
1324 his school (<a href="http://www.gymnasium-harsewinkel.de/">Gymnasium
1325 Harsewinkel</a>).  They started with Skolelinux / Debian Edu and they
1326 were looking for people to give support to the teachers using the
1327 software and the network and teaching the pupils increasing their
1328 computer skills in optional lessons.  I'm spending 4-6 hours a week
1329 with this job.</p>
1330
1331 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1332 Edu?</strong></p>
1333
1334 <p>The independence.</p>
1335
1336 <p>First: Every person is allowed to use, share and develop the
1337 software. Even if you are poor, you are allowed to use the software
1338 included in Skolelinux/Debian Edu and all the other Free Software.</p>
1339
1340 <p>Second: The software runs on old machines and this gives us the
1341 possibility to recycle computers, weeded out from offices.  The
1342 servers and desktops are running for more than two years and they are
1343 working reliable. </p>
1344
1345 <p>We have two servers (one tjener and one terminal server), 45
1346 workstations in three classrooms and seven laptops as a mobile
1347 solution for all classrooms.  These machines are all booting from the
1348 terminal server.  In the moment we are installing 30 laptops as mobile
1349 workstations.  Then the pupils have the possibility to work with these
1350 machines in their classrooms.  Internet access is realized by a WLAN
1351 router, connected to the schools network. This is all done without a
1352 dedicated system administrator or a computer science teacher.</p>
1353
1354 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1355 Edu?</strong></p>
1356
1357 <p>Teachers and pupils are Windows users.  &lt;Irony on&gt; And Linux
1358 isn't cool. It's software for freaks using the command line. &lt;Irony
1359 off&gt; They don't realize the stability of the system. </p>
1360
1361 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
1362
1363 <p>Firefox, Thunderbird, LibreOffice, Ubuntu Server 12.04 (Samba,
1364 Apache, MySQL, Joomla!, … and Skolelinux / Debian Edu)</p>
1365
1366 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
1367 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
1368
1369 <p>In Germany we have the situation: every school is free to decide
1370 which software they want to use. This decision is influenced by
1371 teachers who learned to use Windows and MS Office. They buy a PC with
1372 Windows preinstalled and an additional testing version of MS
1373 Office. They don't know about the possibility to use Free Software
1374 instead.  Another problem are the publisher of school books.  They
1375 develop their software, added to the school books, for Windows.</p>
1376
1377       </div>
1378       <div class="tags">
1379
1380
1381         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
1382
1383
1384       </div>
1385     </div>
1386     <div class="padding"></div>
1387
1388     <div class="entry">
1389       <div class="title">
1390         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/From_English_wiki_to_translated_PDF_and_epub_via_Docbook.html">From English wiki to translated PDF and epub via Docbook</a>
1391       </div>
1392       <div class="date">
1393         17th June 2014
1394       </div>
1395       <div class="body">
1396         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
1397 project</a> provide an instruction manual for teachers, system
1398 administrators and other users that contain useful tips for setting up
1399 and maintaining a Debian Edu installation.  This text is about how the
1400 text processing of this manual is handled in the project.</p>
1401
1402 <p>One goal of the project is to provide information in the native
1403 language of its users, and for this we need to handle translations.
1404 But we also want to make sure each language contain the same
1405 information, so for this we need a good way to keep the translations
1406 in sync.  And we want it to be easy for our users to improve the
1407 documentation, avoiding the need to learn special formats or tools to
1408 contribute, and the obvious way to do this is to make it possible to
1409 edit the documentation using a web browser.  We also want it to be
1410 easy for translators to keep the translation up to date, and give them
1411 help in figuring out what need to be translated. Here is the list of
1412 tools and the process we have found trying to reach all these
1413 goals.</p>
1414
1415 <p>We maintain the authoritative source of our manual in the
1416 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/">Debian
1417 wiki</a>, as several wiki pages written in English.  It consist of one
1418 front page with references to the different chapters, several pages
1419 for each chapter, and finally one "collection page" gluing all the
1420 chapters together into one large web page (aka
1421 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/AllInOne">the
1422 AllInOne page</a>).  The AllInOne page is the one used for further
1423 processing and translations.  Thanks to the fact that the
1424 <a href="http://moinmo.in/">MoinMoin</a> installation on
1425 wiki.debian.org support exporting pages in
1426 <a href="http://www.docbook.org/">the Docbook format</a>, we can fetch
1427 the list of pages to export using the raw version of the AllInOne
1428 page, loop over each of them to generate a Docbook XML version of the
1429 manual.  This process also download images and transform image
1430 references to use the locally downloaded images.  The generated
1431 Docbook XML files are slightly broken, so some post-processing is done
1432 using the <tt>documentation/scripts/get_manual</tt> program, and the
1433 result is a nice Docbook XML file (debian-edu-wheezy-manual.xml) and
1434 a handfull of images.  The XML file can now be used to generate PDF, HTML
1435 and epub versions of the English manual.  This is the basic step of
1436 our process, making PDF (using dblatex), HTML (using xsltproc) and
1437 epub (using dbtoepub) version from Docbook XML, and the resulting files
1438 are placed in the debian-edu-doc-en binary package.</p>
1439
1440 <p>But English documentation is not enough for us.  We want translated
1441 documentation too, and we want to make it easy for translators to
1442 track the English original.  For this we use the
1443 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/p/poxml.html">poxml</a> package,
1444 which allow us to transform the English Docbook XML file into a
1445 translation file (a .pot file), usable with the normal gettext based
1446 translation tools used by those translating free software.  The pot
1447 file is used to create and maintain translation files (several .po
1448 files), which the translations update with the native language
1449 translations of all titles, paragraphs and blocks of text in the
1450 original.  The next step is combining the original English Docbook XML
1451 and the translation file (say debian-edu-wheezy-manual.nb.po), to
1452 create a translated Docbook XML file (in this case
1453 debian-edu-wheezy-manual.nb.xml).  This translated (or partly
1454 translated, if the translation is not complete) Docbook XML file can
1455 then be used like the original to create a PDF, HTML and epub version
1456 of the documentation.</p>
1457
1458 <p>The translators use different tools to edit the .po files.  We
1459 recommend using
1460 <a href="http://www.kde.org/applications/development/lokalize/">lokalize</a>,
1461 while some use emacs and vi, others can use web based editors like
1462 <a href="http://pootle.translatehouse.org/">Poodle</a> or
1463 <a href="https://www.transifex.com/">Transifex</a>.  All we care about
1464 is where the .po file end up, in our git repository.  Updated
1465 translations can either be committed directly to git, or submitted as
1466 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/src:debian-edu-doc">bug reports
1467 against the debian-edu-doc package</a>.</p>
1468
1469 <p>One challenge is images, which both might need to be translated (if
1470 they show translated user applications), and are needed in different
1471 formats when creating PDF and HTML versions (epub is a HTML version in
1472 this regard).  For this we transform the original PNG images to the
1473 needed density and format during build, and have a way to provide
1474 translated images by storing translated versions in
1475 images/$LANGUAGECODE/.  I am a bit unsure about the details here.  The
1476 package maintainers know more.</p>
1477
1478 <p>If you wonder what the result look like, we provide
1479 <a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/">the content
1480 of the documentation packages on the web</a>.  See for example the
1481 <a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/it/debian-edu-wheezy-manual.pdf">Italian
1482 PDF version</a> or the
1483 <a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/de/debian-edu-wheezy-manual.html">German
1484 HTML version</a>.  We do not yet build the epub version by default,
1485 but perhaps it will be done in the future.</p>
1486
1487 <p>To learn more, check out
1488 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/d/debian-edu-doc.html">the
1489 debian-edu-doc package</a>,
1490 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/">the
1491 manual on the wiki</a> and
1492 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/Translations">the
1493 translation instructions</a> in the manual.</p>
1494
1495       </div>
1496       <div class="tags">
1497
1498
1499         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1500
1501
1502       </div>
1503     </div>
1504     <div class="padding"></div>
1505
1506     <div class="entry">
1507       <div class="title">
1508         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Roger_Marsal.html">Debian Edu interview: Roger Marsal</a>
1509       </div>
1510       <div class="date">
1511         30th March 2014
1512       </div>
1513       <div class="body">
1514         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
1515 keep gaining new users.  Some weeks ago, a person showed up on IRC,
1516 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/#debian-edu">#debian-edu</a>, with a
1517 wish to contribute, and I managed to get a interview with this great
1518 contributor Roger Marsal to learn more about his background.</p>
1519
1520 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
1521
1522 <p>My name is Roger Marsal, I'm 27 years old (1986 generation) and I
1523 live in Barcelona, Spain. I've got a strong business background and I
1524 work as a patrimony manager and as a real estate agent.  Additionally,
1525 I've co-founded a British based tech company that is nowadays on the
1526 last development phase of a new social networking concept.</p>
1527
1528 <p>I'm a Linux enthusiast that started its journey with Ubuntu four years
1529 ago and have recently switched to Debian seeking rock solid stability
1530 and as a necessary step to gain expertise.</p>
1531
1532 <p>In a nutshell, I spend my days working and learning as much as I
1533 can to face both my job, entrepreneur project and feed my Linux
1534 hunger.</p>
1535
1536 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
1537 project?</strong></p>
1538
1539 <p>I discovered the <a href="http://www.ltsp.org/">LTSP</a> advantages
1540 with "Ubuntu 12.04 alternate install" and after a year of use I
1541 started looking for an alternative.  Even though I highly value and
1542 respect the Ubuntu project, I thought it was necessary for me to
1543 change to a more robust and stable alternative.  As far as I was using
1544 Debian on my personal laptop I thought it would be fine to install
1545 Debian and configure an LTSP server myself.  Surprised, I discovered
1546 that the Debian project also supported a kind of Edubuntu equivalent,
1547 and after having some pain I obtained a Debian Edu network up and
1548 running.  I just loved it.</p>
1549
1550 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1551 Edu?</strong></p>
1552
1553 <p>I found a main advantage in that, once you know "the tips and
1554 tricks", a new installation just works out of the box. It's the most
1555 complete alternative I've found to create an LTSP network. All the
1556 other distributions seems to be made of plastic, Debian Edu seems to
1557 be made of steel.</p>
1558
1559 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1560 Edu?</strong></p>
1561
1562 <p>I found two main disadvantages.</p>
1563
1564 <p>I'm not an expert but I've got notions and I had to spent a considerable
1565 amount of time trying to bring up a standard network topology. I'm quite
1566 stubborn and I just worked until I did but I'm sure many people with few
1567 resources (not big schools, but academies for example) would have switched
1568 or dropped.</p>
1569
1570 <p>It's amazing how such a complex system like Debian Edu has achieved
1571 this out-of-the-box state. Even though tweaking without breaking gets
1572 more difficult, as more factors have to be considered. This can
1573 discourage many people too.</p>
1574
1575 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
1576
1577 <p>I use Debian, Firefox, Okular, Inkscape, LibreOffice and
1578 Virtualbox.</p>
1579
1580
1581 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
1582 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
1583
1584 <p>I don't think there is a need for a particular strategy. The free
1585 attribute in both "freedom" and "no price" meanings is what will
1586 really bring free software to schools. In my experience I can think of
1587 the <a href="http://www.r-project.org/">"R" statistical language</a>; a
1588 few years a ago was an extremely nerd tool for university people.
1589 Today it's being increasingly used to teach statistics at many
1590 different level of studies.  I believe free and open software will
1591 increasingly gain popularity, but I'm sure schools will be one of the
1592 first scenarios where this will happen.</p>
1593
1594       </div>
1595       <div class="tags">
1596
1597
1598         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
1599
1600
1601       </div>
1602     </div>
1603     <div class="padding"></div>
1604
1605     <div class="entry">
1606       <div class="title">
1607         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_add_extra_storage_servers_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux.html">How to add extra storage servers in Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
1608       </div>
1609       <div class="date">
1610         12th March 2014
1611       </div>
1612       <div class="body">
1613         <p>On larger sites, it is useful to use a dedicated storage server for
1614 storing user home directories and data.  The design for handling this
1615 in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>, is
1616 to update the automount rules in LDAP and let the automount daemon on
1617 the clients take care of the rest.  I was reminded about the need to
1618 document this better when one of the customers of
1619 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a>, where I am
1620 on the board of directors, asked about how to do this.  The steps to
1621 get this working are the following:</p>
1622
1623 <p><ol>
1624
1625 <li>Add new storage server in DNS.  I use nas-server.intern as the
1626 example host here.</li>
1627
1628 <li>Add automoun LDAP information about this server in LDAP, to allow
1629 all clients to automatically mount it on reqeust.</li>
1630
1631 <li>Add the relevant entries in tjener.intern:/etc/fstab, because
1632 tjener.intern do not use automount to avoid mounting loops.</li>
1633
1634 </ol></p>
1635
1636 <p>DNS entries are added in GOsa², and not described here.  Follow the
1637 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/GettingStarted">instructions
1638 in the manual</a> (Machine Management with GOsa² in section Getting
1639 started).</p>
1640
1641 <p>Ensure that the NFS export points on the server are exported to the
1642 relevant subnets or machines:</p>
1643
1644 <p><blockquote><pre>
1645 root@tjener:~# showmount -e nas-server
1646 Export list for nas-server:
1647 /storage         10.0.0.0/8
1648 root@tjener:~#
1649 </pre></blockquote></p>
1650
1651 <p>Here everything on the backbone network is granted access to the
1652 /storage export.  With NFSv3 it is slightly better to limit it to
1653 netgroup membership or single IP addresses to have some limits on the
1654 NFS access.</p>
1655
1656 <p>The next step is to update LDAP.  This can not be done using GOsa²,
1657 because it lack a module for automount.  Instead, use ldapvi and add
1658 the required LDAP objects using an editor.</p>
1659
1660 <p><blockquote><pre>
1661 ldapvi --ldap-conf -ZD '(cn=admin)' -b ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
1662 </pre></blockquote></p>
1663
1664 <p>When the editor show up, add the following LDAP objects at the
1665 bottom of the document.  The "/&" part in the last LDAP object is a
1666 wild card matching everything the nas-server exports, removing the
1667 need to list individual mount points in LDAP.</p>
1668
1669 <p><blockquote><pre>
1670 add cn=nas-server,ou=auto.skole,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
1671 objectClass: automount
1672 cn: nas-server
1673 automountInformation: -fstype=autofs --timeout=60 ldap:ou=auto.nas-server,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
1674
1675 add ou=auto.nas-server,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
1676 objectClass: top
1677 objectClass: automountMap
1678 ou: auto.nas-server
1679
1680 add cn=/,ou=auto.nas-server,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
1681 objectClass: automount
1682 cn: /
1683 automountInformation: -fstype=nfs,tcp,rsize=32768,wsize=32768,rw,intr,hard,nodev,nosuid,noatime nas-server.intern:/&
1684 </pre></blockquote></p>
1685
1686 <p>The last step to remember is to mount the relevant mount points in
1687 tjener.intern by adding them to /etc/fstab, creating the mount
1688 directories using mkdir and running "mount -a" to mount them.</p>
1689
1690 <p>When this is done, your users should be able to access the files on
1691 the storage server directly by just visiting the
1692 /tjener/nas-server/storage/ directory using any application on any
1693 workstation, LTSP client or LTSP server.</p>
1694
1695       </div>
1696       <div class="tags">
1697
1698
1699         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>.
1700
1701
1702       </div>
1703     </div>
1704     <div class="padding"></div>
1705
1706     <div class="entry">
1707       <div class="title">
1708         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Dominik_George.html">Debian Edu interview: Dominik George</a>
1709       </div>
1710       <div class="date">
1711         25th December 2013
1712       </div>
1713       <div class="body">
1714         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
1715 project</a> consist of both newcomers and old timers, and this time I
1716 was able to get an interview with a newcomer in the project who showed
1717 up on the IRC channel a few weeks ago to let us know about his
1718 successful installation of Debian Edu Wheezy in his School.  Say hello
1719 to <a href="https://www.ohloh.net/accounts/Natureshadow">Dominik
1720 George</a>.</p>
1721
1722 <!-- http://www.dominik-george.de/images/foto.jpg -->
1723
1724 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
1725
1726 <p>I am a 23 year-old student from Germany who has spent half of his
1727 life with open source. In "real life", I am, as already mentioned, a
1728 student in the fields of Computer Science, Electrical Engineering,
1729 Information Technologies and Anglistics. Due to my (only partially
1730 voluntary) huge engagement in the open source world, these things are
1731 a bit vacant right now however.</p>
1732
1733 <p>I also have been working as a project teacher at a Gymasnium
1734 (public school) for various years now. I took up that work some time
1735 around 2005 when still attending that school myself and have continued
1736 it until today. I also had been running the (kind of very advanced)
1737 network of that school together with a team of very interested and
1738 talented students in the age of 11 to 15 years, who took the chance to
1739 learn a lot about open source and networking before I left the school
1740 to help building another school's informational education concept from
1741 scratch.</p>
1742
1743 <p>That said, one might see me as a kind of "glue" between school kids
1744 and the elderly of teachers as well as between the open source
1745 ecosystem and the (even more complex) educational ecosystem.</p>
1746
1747 <p>When I am not busy with open source or education, I like Geocaching
1748 and cycling.</p>
1749
1750 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
1751 project?</strong></p>
1752
1753 <p>I think that happened some time around 2009 when I first attended
1754 <a href="http://www.froscon.org">FrOSCon</a> and visited the project
1755 booth. I think I wasn't too interested back then because I used to
1756 have an attitude of disliking software that does too much stuff on its
1757 own. Maybe I was too inexperienced to realise the upsides of an
1758 "out-of-the-box" solution ;).</p>
1759
1760 <p>The first time I actively talked to Skolelinux people was at
1761 <a href="http://www.openrheinruhr.de">OpenRheinRuhr</a> 2011 when the
1762 BiscuIT project, a home-grewn software used by my school for various
1763 really cool things from timetables and class contact lists to lunch
1764 ordering, student ID card printing and project elections first got to
1765 a stage where it could have been published. I asked the Skolelinux
1766 guys running the booth if the project were interested in it and gave a
1767 small demonstration, but there wasn't any real feedback and the guys
1768 seemed rather uninterested.</p>
1769
1770 <p>After I left the school where I developed the software, it got
1771 mostly lost, but I am now reimplementing it for my new school. I have
1772 reusability and compatibility in mind, and I hop there will be a new
1773 basis for contributing it to the Skolelinux project ;)!</p>
1774
1775 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1776 Edu?</strong></p>
1777
1778 <p>The most important advantage seems to be that it "just
1779 works". After overcoming some minor (but still very annoying) glitches
1780 in the installer, I got a fully functional, working school network,
1781 without the month-long hassle I experienced when setting all that up
1782 from scratch in earlier years. And above that, it rocked - I didn't
1783 have any real hardware at hand, because the school was just founded
1784 and has no money whatsoever, so I installed a combined server (main
1785 server, terminal services and workstation) in a VM on my personal
1786 notebook, bridging the LTSP network interface to the ethernet port,
1787 and then PXE-booted the Windows notebooks that were lying around from
1788 it. I could use 8 clients without any performance issues, by using a
1789 tiny little VM on a tiny little notebook. I think that's enough to say
1790 that it rocks!</p>
1791
1792 <p>Secondly, there are marketing reasons. Life's bad, and so no
1793 politician will ever permit a setup described as "Debian, an universal
1794 operating system, with some really cool educational tools" while they
1795 will be jsut fine with "Skolelinux, a single-purpose solution for your
1796 school network", even if both turn out to be the very same thing (yes,
1797 this is unfair towards the Skolelinux project, and must not be taken
1798 too seriously - you get the idea, anyway).</p>
1799
1800 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1801 Edu?</strong></p>
1802
1803 <p>I have not been involved with Skolelinux long enough to really
1804 answer this question in a fair way. Thus, please allow me to put it in
1805 other words: "What do you expect from Skolelinux to keep liking it?" I
1806 can list a few points about that:</p>
1807
1808 <ul>
1809
1810  <li>always strive to get all things integrated into Debian upstream
1811  <li>be open to discussion about changes and the like, even with newcomers
1812  <li>be helpful at being helpful ;)
1813
1814 </ul>
1815
1816 <p>I'm really sorry I cannot say much more about that :(!</p>
1817
1818 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
1819
1820 <p>First of all, all software I use is free and open. I have abandoned
1821 all non-free software (except for firmware on my darned phone) this
1822 year.</p>
1823
1824 <p>I run Debian GNU/Linux on all PC systems I use. On that, I mostly
1825 run text tools. I use
1826 <a href="https://www.mirbsd.org/mksh.htm">mksh</a> as shell,
1827 <a href="https://www.mirbsd.org/jupp.htm">jupp</a> as very advanced
1828 text editor (I even got the developer to help me write a script/macro
1829 based full-featured student management software with the two),
1830 <a href="http://mcabber.com/">mcabber</a> for XMPP and
1831 <a href="http://www.irssi.org/">irssi</a> for IRC. For that overly
1832 coloured world called the WWW, I use
1833 <a href="https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/new/">Iceweasel
1834 (Firefox)</a>. Oh, and <a href="http://www.mutt.org/">mutt</a> for
1835 e-mail.</p>
1836
1837 <p>However, while I am personally aware of the fact that text tools
1838 are more efficient and powerful than anything else, I also use (or at
1839 least operate) some tools that are suitable to bring open source to
1840 kids. One of these things is <a href="http://jappix.org/">Jappix</a>,
1841 which I already introduced to some kids even before they got aware of
1842 Facebook, making them see for themselves that they do not need
1843 Facebook now ;).</p>
1844
1845 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
1846 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
1847
1848 <p>Well, that's a two-sided thing. One side is what I believe, and one
1849 side is what I have experienced.</p>
1850
1851 <p>I believe that the right strategy is showing them the benefits. But
1852 that won't work out as long as the acceptance of free alternatives
1853 grows globally. What I mean is that if all the kids are almost forced
1854 to use Windows, Facebook, Skype, you name it at home, they will not
1855 see why they would want to use alternatives at school. I have seen
1856 students take seat in front of a fully-functional, modern Debian
1857 desktop that could do anything their Windows at home could do, and
1858 they jsut refused to use it because "Linux sucks". It is something
1859 that makes the council of our city spend around 600000 € to buy
1860 software - not including hardware, mind you - for operating school
1861 networks, and for installing a system that, as has been proved, does
1862 not work. For those of you readers who are good at maths, have you
1863 already found out how many lives could have been saved with that money
1864 if we had instead used it to bring education to parts of the world
1865 that need it? I have, and found it to be nothing less dramatic than
1866 plain criminal.</p>
1867
1868 <p>That said, the only feasible way appears to be the bottom up
1869 method. We have to bring free software to kids and parents. I have
1870 founded an association named
1871 <a href="https://www.teckids.org">Teckids</a> here in Germany that does
1872 just that. We organise several events for kids and adolescents in the
1873 area of free and open source software, for example the
1874 <a href="http://kids.froscon.org">FrogLabs</a>, which share staff with
1875 Teckids and are the youth programme of
1876 <a href="http://www.froscon.org">the Free and Open Source Software
1877 Conference (FrOSCon)</a>. We do a lot more than most other conferences
1878 - this year, we first offered the FrogLabs as a holiday camp for kids
1879 aged 10 to 16. It was a huge success, with approx. 30 kids taking part
1880 and learning with and about free software through a whole weekend. All
1881 of us had a lot of fun, and the results were really exciting.</p>
1882
1883 <p>Apart from that, we are preparing a campaign that is supposed to bring
1884 the message of free alternatives to stuff kids use every day to them and
1885 their parents, e.g. the use of Jabber / Jappix instead of Facebook and
1886 Skype. To make that possible, we are planning to get together a team of
1887 clever kids who understand very well what their peers need and can bring
1888 it across to them. So we will have a peer-driven network of adolescents
1889 who teach each other and collect feedback from the community of minors.
1890 We then take that feedback and our own experience to work closely with
1891 open source projects, such as Skolelinux or Jappix, at improving their
1892 software in a way that makes it more and more attractive for the target
1893 group. At least I hope that we will have good cooperation with
1894 Skolelinux in the future ;)!</p>
1895
1896 <p>So in conclusion, what I believe is that, if it weren't for the world
1897 being so bad, it should be very clear to the political decision makers
1898 that the only way to go nowadays is free software for various reasons,
1899 but I have learnt that the only way that seems to work is bottom up.</p>
1900
1901 <!--
1902
1903 >  * Who should be interviewed with this questions in the future?
1904
1905 That's probably the hardest question of them all, as I do not know the
1906 community. However, I would be willing to do the following:
1907
1908  <li>Run an interview with a German headteacher who is very open to
1909    free software, and also prefers it, but cannot really use it because
1910    of the decision makers above;
1911  <li>Run interviews with some kids, both with and without previous
1912    knowledge about free software
1913
1914 If that is wanted, just let me know ;).
1915
1916 -->
1917
1918       </div>
1919       <div class="tags">
1920
1921
1922         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
1923
1924
1925       </div>
1926     </div>
1927     <div class="padding"></div>
1928
1929     <div class="entry">
1930       <div class="title">
1931         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Klaus_Knopper.html">Debian Edu interview: Klaus Knopper</a>
1932       </div>
1933       <div class="date">
1934          6th December 2013
1935       </div>
1936       <div class="body">
1937         <p>It has been a while since I managed to publish the last interview,
1938 but the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
1939 Skolelinux</a> community is still going strong, and yesterday we even
1940 had a new school administrator show up on
1941 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/#debian-edu">#debian-edu</a> to share
1942 his success story with installing Debian Edu at their school.  This
1943 time I have been able to get some helpful comments from the creator of
1944 Knoppix, Klaus Knopper, who was involved in a Skolelinux project in
1945 Germany a few years ago.</p>
1946
1947 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
1948
1949 <p>I am Klaus Knopper.  I have a master degree in electrical
1950 engineering, and is currently professor in information management at
1951 the university of applied sciences Kaiserslautern / Germany and
1952 freelance Open Source software developer and consultant.</p>
1953
1954 <p>All of this is pretty much of the work I spend my days with. Apart
1955 from teaching, I'm also conducting some more or less experimental
1956 projects like the <a href="http://www.knoppix.org">Knoppix GNU/Linux live
1957 system</a> (Debian-based like Skolelinux),
1958 <a href="http://www.knopper.net/knoppix-adriane/index-en.html">ADRIANE</a>
1959 (a blind-friendly talking desktop system) and
1960 <a href="http://www.knopper.net/linbo/index-en.html">LINBO</a>
1961 (Linux-based network boot console, a fast remote install and repair
1962 system supporting various operating systems).</p>
1963
1964 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
1965 project?</strong></p>
1966
1967 <p>The credit for this have to go to Kurt Gramlich, who is the German
1968 coordinator for Skolelinux.  We were looking for an all-in-one open
1969 source community-supported distribution for schools, and Kurt
1970 introduced us to Skolelinux for this purpose.</p>
1971
1972 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1973 Edu?</strong></p>
1974
1975 <ul>
1976   <li>Quick installation,</li>
1977   <li>works (almost) out of the box,</li>
1978   <li>contains many useful software packages for teaching and learning,</li>
1979   <li>is a purely community-based distro and not controlled by a
1980     single company,</li>
1981   <li>has a large number of supporters and teachers who share their
1982     experience and problem solutions.</li>
1983 </ul>
1984
1985 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1986 Edu?</strong></p>
1987
1988 <ul>
1989   <li>Skolelinux is - as we had to learn - not easily upgradable to
1990   the next version.  Opposed to its genuine Debian base, upgrading to
1991   a new version means a full new installation from scratch to get it
1992   working again reliably.
1993
1994   <li>Skolelinux is based on Debian/stable, and therefore always a
1995   little outdated in terms of program versions compared to Edubuntu or
1996   similar educational Linux distros, which rather use Debian/testing
1997   as their base.
1998
1999   <li>Skolelinux has some very self-opinionated and stubborn default
2000   configuration which in my opinion adds unnecessary complexity and is
2001   not always suitable for a schools needs, the preset network
2002   configuration is actually a core definition feature of Skolelinux
2003   and not easy to change, so schools sometimes have to change their
2004   network configuration to make it "Skolelinux-compatible".
2005
2006   <li>Some proposed extensions, which were made available as
2007   contribution, like secure examination mode and lecture material
2008   distribution and collection, were not accepted into the mainline
2009   Skolelinux development and are now not easy to maintain in the
2010   future because of Skolelinux somewhat undeterministic update
2011   schemes.</li>
2012
2013   <li>Skolelinux has only a very tiny number of base developers
2014   compared to Debian.</li>
2015
2016 </ul>
2017
2018 <p>For these reasons and experience from our project, I would now
2019 rather consider using plain Debian for schools next time, until
2020 Skolelinux is more closely integrated into Debian and becomes
2021 upgradeable without reinstallation.</p>
2022
2023 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
2024
2025 <p>GNU/Linux with LXDE desktop, bash for interactive dialog and
2026 programming, texlive for documentation and correspondence,
2027 occasionally LibreOffice for document format conversion. Various
2028 programming languages for teaching.</p>
2029
2030 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
2031 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
2032
2033 <p>Strong arguments are</p>
2034
2035 <ul>
2036
2037   <li>Knowledge is free, and so should be methods and tools for
2038     teaching and learning.</li>
2039
2040   <li>Students can learn with and use the same software at school, at
2041     home, and at their working place without running into license or
2042     conversion problems.</li>
2043
2044   <li>Closed source or proprietary software hides knowledge rather
2045     than exposing it, and proprietary software vendors try to bind
2046     customers to certain products.  But teachers need to teach
2047     science, not products.</li>
2048
2049   <li>If you have everything you for daily work as open source, what
2050     would you need proprietary software for?</li>
2051
2052 </ul>
2053
2054       </div>
2055       <div class="tags">
2056
2057
2058         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
2059
2060
2061       </div>
2062     </div>
2063     <div class="padding"></div>
2064
2065     <div class="entry">
2066       <div class="title">
2067         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_7_1_install_and_overview_video_from_Marcelo_Salvador.html">Skolelinux / Debian Edu 7.1 install and overview video from Marcelo Salvador</a>
2068       </div>
2069       <div class="date">
2070          8th October 2013
2071       </div>
2072       <div class="body">
2073         <p>The other day I was pleased and surprised to discover that Marcelo
2074 Salvador had published a
2075 <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w-GgpdqgLFc">video on
2076 Youtube</a> showing how to install the standalone Debian Edu /
2077 Skolelinux profile.  This is the profile intended for use at home or
2078 on laptops that should not be integrated into the provided network
2079 services (no central home directory, no Kerberos / LDAP directory etc,
2080 in other word a single user machine).  The result is 11 minutes long,
2081 and show some user applications (seem to be rather randomly picked).
2082 Missed a few of my favorites like celestia, planets and chromium
2083 showing the <a href="http://www.zygotebody.com/">Zygote Body 3D model
2084 of the human body</a>, but I guess he did not know about those or find
2085 other programs more interesting. :) And the video do not show the
2086 advantages I believe is one of the most valuable featuers in Debian
2087 Edu, its central school server making it possible to run hundreds of
2088 computers without hard drives by installing one central
2089 <a href="http://www.ltsp.org/">LTSP server</a>.</p>
2090
2091 <p>Anyway, check out the video, embedded below and linked to above:</p>
2092
2093 <iframe width="420" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/w-GgpdqgLFc" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
2094
2095 <p>Are there other nice videos demonstrating Skolelinux?  Please let
2096 me know. :)</p>
2097
2098       </div>
2099       <div class="tags">
2100
2101
2102         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
2103
2104
2105       </div>
2106     </div>
2107     <div class="padding"></div>
2108
2109     <div class="entry">
2110       <div class="title">
2111         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Finally__Debian_Edu_Wheezy_is_released_today_.html">Finally, Debian Edu Wheezy is released today!</a>
2112       </div>
2113       <div class="date">
2114         29th September 2013
2115       </div>
2116       <div class="body">
2117         <p>A few hours ago, the announcement for the first stable release of
2118 Debian Edu Wheezy went out from the Debian publicity team.  The
2119 complete announcement text can be found at
2120 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2013/20130928">the Debian News
2121 section</a>, translated to several languages.  Please check it out.</p>
2122
2123 <p>There is one minor known problem that we will fix very soon.  One
2124 can not install a amd64 Thin Client Server using PXE, as the /var/
2125 partition is too small.  A workaround is to extend the partition (use
2126 lvresize + resize2fs in tty 2 while installing).</p>
2127
2128       </div>
2129       <div class="tags">
2130
2131
2132         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2133
2134
2135       </div>
2136     </div>
2137     <div class="padding"></div>
2138
2139     <div class="entry">
2140       <div class="title">
2141         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_and_probably_last_beta_release_of_Debian_Edu_Wheezy.html">Third and probably last beta release of Debian Edu Wheezy</a>
2142       </div>
2143       <div class="date">
2144         16th September 2013
2145       </div>
2146       <div class="body">
2147         <p>The third wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
2148 today.  This is the release announcement from Holger Levsen:</p>
2149
2150 <blockquote>
2151 <p>Hi,</p>
2152
2153 <p>it is my pleasure to announce the third beta release (beta 2 for
2154 short) of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
2155 Skolelinux</a> based on Debian Wheezy!</p>
2156
2157 <p>Please test these images extensivly, if no new problems are found
2158 we plan to do this final Debian Edu Wheezy release this coming
2159 weekend.  We are not aware of any major problems or blockers in beta2,
2160 if you find something, please notify us immediately!</p>
2161
2162 <p>(More about the remaining steps for the Edu Wheezy release in
2163 another mail to the edu list tonight or tomorrow...)</p>
2164
2165 <p>Noteworthy changes and software updates for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b2
2166 compared to beta1:</p>
2167
2168 <ul>
2169
2170 <li>The KDE proxy setup has been adjusted to use the provided wpad.dat. This
2171 also gets Chromium to use this proxy.</li>
2172 <li>Install kdepim-groupware with KDE desktops to make sure korganizer
2173 understand ical/dav sources.</li>
2174 <li>Increased default maximum size of /var/spool/squid and /skole/backup on the
2175 main server.</li>
2176 <li>A source DVD image containing all source packages is now available as well.</li>
2177 <li>Updates for chromium (29.0.1547.57-1~deb7u1), imagemagick
2178 (6.7.7.10-5+deb7u2), php5 (5.4.4-14+deb7u4), libmodplug
2179 (0.8.8.4-3+deb7u1+git20130828), tiff (4.0.2-6+deb7u2), linux-image
2180 (3.2.0-4-486_3.2.46-1+deb7u1).</li>
2181
2182 </ul>
2183
2184 <p>Where to get it:</p>
2185
2186 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
2187
2188 <ul>
2189 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso</a></li>
2190 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso</a></li>
2191 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso .</li>
2192 </ul>
2193
2194 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is:  3a1c89f4666df80eebcd46c5bf5fedb866f9472f</p>
2195
2196 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use
2197 <ul>
2198 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso</a></li>
2199 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso</a></li>
2200 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso .</li>
2201 </ul>
2202
2203 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 702d1718548f401c74bfa6df9f032cc3ee16597e</p>
2204
2205 <p>The Source DVD image has the filename
2206 debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-source-DVD.iso and the SHA1SUM
2207 089eed8b3f962db47aae1f6a9685e9bb2fa30ca5 and is available the same way
2208 as the other isos.</p>
2209
2210 <p>How to report bugs</p>
2211
2212 <p>For information how to report bugs please see
2213 <br><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
2214
2215
2216 <p>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</p>
2217
2218 <p>Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux, is a Linux distribution based
2219 on Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
2220 configured school network. Immediately after installation a school
2221 server running all services needed for a school network is set up just
2222 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
2223 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
2224 initial installation of the main server from CD or USB stick all other
2225 machines can be installed via the network. The provided school server
2226 provides LDAP database and Kerberos authentication service,
2227 centralized home directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other
2228 services.  The desktop contains more than 60 educational software
2229 packages and more are available from the Debian archive, and schools
2230 can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
2231
2232 <p>This is the seventh test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
2233 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
2234 Squeeze release.</p>
2235
2236 <p>Notes for upgrades from Alpha Prereleases</p>
2237
2238 <p>Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
2239 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
2240 release. Both alpha and beta0 based installations should reinstall or
2241 deal with gosa.conf manually; there are two options: (1) Keep
2242 gosa.conf and edit this file as outlined on the mailing list. (2)
2243 Accept the new version of gosa.conf and replace both contained admin
2244 password placeholders with the password hashes found in the old one
2245 (backup copy!). In both cases all users need to change their password
2246 to make sure a password is set for CIFS access to their home
2247 directory.</p>
2248
2249
2250 <p>cheers,
2251 <br>        Holger</p>
2252 </blockquote>
2253
2254       </div>
2255       <div class="tags">
2256
2257
2258         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2259
2260
2261       </div>
2262     </div>
2263     <div class="padding"></div>
2264
2265     <div class="entry">
2266       <div class="title">
2267         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_beta_release__beta_1__of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Second beta release (beta 1) of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
2268       </div>
2269       <div class="date">
2270         22nd August 2013
2271       </div>
2272       <div class="body">
2273         <p>The second wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
2274 today, slightly delayed because of some bugs in the initial Windows
2275 integration fixes .  This is the release announcement:</p>
2276
2277 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b1 released 2013-08-22</strong></p>
2278
2279 <p>These are the release notes for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
2280 7.1+edu0~b1, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
2281
2282 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
2283
2284 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
2285 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
2286 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
2287 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
2288 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
2289 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
2290 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
2291 the main server from CD or USB stick all other machines can be
2292 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
2293 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
2294 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
2295 desktop contains
2296 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
2297 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
2298 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
2299 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
2300
2301 <p>This is the sixth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically this
2302 is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the Squeeze
2303 release.</p>
2304
2305 <p>ALERT: Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
2306 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
2307 release. Both alpha and beta0 based installations should reinstall or
2308 deal with gosa.conf manually; there are two options: (1) Keep
2309 gosa.conf and edit this file as outlined
2310 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/2013/08/msg00127.html">on
2311 the mailing list</a>. (2) Accept the new version of gosa.conf and
2312 replace both contained admin password placeholders with the password
2313 hashes found in the old one (backup copy!). In both cases every user
2314 need to change their their password to make sure a password is set for
2315 CIFS access to their home directory.</p>
2316
2317 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
2318
2319 <ul>
2320
2321 <li>Added ssh askpass packages to default installation, to ensure ssh
2322     work also without a attached tty.</li>
2323 <li>Add the command-not-found package to the default installation to
2324     make it easier to figure out where to find missing command line
2325     tools. Please note, that the command 'update-command-not-found'
2326     has to be run as root to actually make it useful (internet access
2327     required).</li>
2328
2329 </ul>
2330
2331 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
2332
2333 <ul>
2334
2335 <li>Adjusted the USB stick ISO image build to include every tool
2336 needed for desktop=xfce installations.</li>
2337 <li>Adjust thin-client-server task to work when installing from USB
2338 stick ISO image.</li>
2339 <li>Made new grub artwork (changed png from indexed to RGB format).</li>
2340 <li>Minor cleanup in the CUPS setup.</li>
2341 <li>Make sure that bootstrapping of the Samba domain really happens
2342     during installation of the main server and adjust SID handling to
2343     cope with this.</li>
2344 <li>Make Samba passwords changeable (again) via GOsa².</li>
2345 <li>Fix generation of LM and NT password hashes via GOsa² to avoid
2346     empty password hashes.</li>
2347 <li>Adapted Samba machine domain joining to latest change in the
2348     smbldap-tools Perl package, fixing bugs blocking Windows machines
2349     from joining the Samba domain.</li>
2350
2351 </ul>
2352
2353 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
2354
2355 <ul>
2356
2357 <li>KDE fails to understand the wpad.dat file provided, causing it to
2358     not use the http proxy as it should.</li>
2359 <li>Chromium also fails to use the proxy when using the KDE desktop
2360     (using the KDE configuration).</li>
2361
2362 </ul>
2363
2364 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
2365
2366 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
2367
2368 <ul>
2369
2370 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso</a></li>
2371
2372 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso</a></li>
2373
2374 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso .</li>
2375
2376 </ul>
2377
2378 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 1e357f80b55e703523f2254adde6d78b
2379 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 7157f9be5fd27c7694d713c6ecfed61c3edda3b2</p>
2380
2381 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
2382
2383 <ul>
2384
2385 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso</a></li>
2386 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso</a></li>
2387 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso .</li>
2388
2389 </ul>
2390
2391 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 7a8408ead59cf7e3cef25afb6e91590b
2392 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: f1817c031f02790d5edb3bfa0dcf8451088ad119</p>
2393
2394
2395 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
2396
2397 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
2398
2399       </div>
2400       <div class="tags">
2401
2402
2403         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2404
2405
2406       </div>
2407     </div>
2408     <div class="padding"></div>
2409
2410     <div class="entry">
2411       <div class="title">
2412         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_beta_release_of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">First beta release of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
2413       </div>
2414       <div class="date">
2415         27th July 2013
2416       </div>
2417       <div class="body">
2418         <p>The first wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
2419 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
2420
2421 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b0 released
2422 2013-07-27</strong></p>
2423
2424 <p>These are the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
2425 7.1+edu0~b0, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
2426
2427 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
2428
2429 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
2430 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
2431 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
2432 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
2433 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
2434 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
2435 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
2436 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
2437 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
2438 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
2439 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
2440 desktop contains
2441 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
2442 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
2443 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
2444 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
2445
2446 <p>This is the fifth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
2447 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
2448 Squeeze release.</p>
2449
2450 <p>ALERT: Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
2451 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
2452 release.</p>
2453
2454 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
2455
2456 <ul>
2457
2458 <li>Switched roaming workstation profiles from wicd to network-manager
2459    for network configuration, as wicd didn't work any more.</li>
2460 <li>Changed version numbers of patched gosa and libpam-mklocaluser
2461    packages to make sure our locally patched versions will be replaced
2462    by the official packages when they are released from Debian. Those
2463    installing alpha version need to reinstall or manually downgrade gosa
2464    and libpam-mklocaluser.</li>
2465 <li>Added bluetooth tools to the default desktop (bluedevil, blueman).</li>
2466 <li>Added tools for sharing the desktop on KDE (krdc, krfb).</li>
2467 <li>Added valgrind to the default installation for easier debugging of
2468    crash bugs.</li>
2469
2470 </ul>
2471
2472 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
2473
2474 <ul>
2475
2476 <li>Fixed artwork package to work with gnome, no longer break
2477    desktop=gnome installations.</li>
2478 <li>Adjusted installer to now work when forced to use a proxy with the
2479    netinst CD.</li>
2480 <li>Fixed code detecting and setting/loading hardware specific
2481    setup/firmware to work more robust out of the box.</li>
2482 <li>Adjusted Kerberos setup to detect realm and server settings at
2483    install time instead of dynamically at run time. This avoid a crash
2484    with krb5-auth-dialog on diskless workstations without a DNS name.</li>
2485 <li>Worked around misfeature in network-manager not calling the dhclient
2486    exit hooks, causing automatic proxy configuration and automatic host
2487    name setting at run time to work again.</li>
2488 <li>Fixed feature setting the default Iceweasel start page from URL
2489    fetched from LDAP, to allow schools to set the global default by
2490    updating the dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no LDAP object.</li>
2491 <li>Changed default host name on all networked machines to be unique
2492    (generated from MAC or reverse DNS) after boot.</li>
2493 <li>Adjusted partition sizes to make sure they are big enough.</li>
2494
2495 </ul>
2496
2497 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
2498
2499 <ul>
2500
2501 <li>Grub is missing the new artwork.</li>
2502 <li>KDE fail to understand the wpad.dat file provided, causing it to
2503     not use the http proxy as it should.</li>
2504 <li>Chromium also fail to use the proxy.</li>
2505
2506 </ul>
2507
2508 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
2509
2510 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
2511
2512 <ul>
2513
2514 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso</a></li>
2515
2516 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso</a></li>
2517
2518 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso .</li>
2519
2520 </ul>
2521
2522 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 55d5de9765b6dccd5d9ec33cf1a07109
2523 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 996a1d9517740e4d627d100de2d12b23dd545a3f</p>
2524
2525 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
2526
2527 <ul>
2528
2529 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso</a></li>
2530 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso</a></li>
2531 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso .</li>
2532
2533 </ul>
2534
2535 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: d8f0818c51a78d357de794066f289f69
2536 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 49185ca354e8d0543240423746924f76a6cee733</p>
2537
2538
2539 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
2540
2541 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
2542
2543       </div>
2544       <div class="tags">
2545
2546
2547         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2548
2549
2550       </div>
2551     </div>
2552     <div class="padding"></div>
2553
2554     <div class="entry">
2555       <div class="title">
2556         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/July_13th__Debian_Ubuntu_BSP_and_Skolelinux_Debian_Edu_developer_gathering_in_Oslo.html">July 13th: Debian/Ubuntu BSP and Skolelinux/Debian Edu developer gathering in Oslo</a>
2557       </div>
2558       <div class="date">
2559          9th July 2013
2560       </div>
2561       <div class="body">
2562         <p>The upcoming Saturday, 2013-07-13, we are organising a combined
2563 Debian Edu developer gathering and Debian and Ubuntu bug squashing
2564 party in Oslo.  It is organised by <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">the
2565 member assosiation NUUG</a> and
2566 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">the Debian Edu / Skolelinux
2567 project</a> together with <a href="http://bitraf.no/">the hack space
2568 Bitraf</a>.</p>
2569
2570 <p>It starts 10:00 and continue until late evening.  Everyone is
2571 welcome, and there is no fee to participate.  There is on the other
2572 hand limited space, and only room for 30 people.  Please put your name
2573 on <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/BSP/2013/07/13/no/Oslo">the event
2574 wiki page</a> if you plan to join us.</p>
2575
2576       </div>
2577       <div class="tags">
2578
2579
2580         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
2581
2582
2583       </div>
2584     </div>
2585     <div class="padding"></div>
2586
2587     <div class="entry">
2588       <div class="title">
2589         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fourth_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Fourth alpha release of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
2590       </div>
2591       <div class="date">
2592          3rd July 2013
2593       </div>
2594       <div class="body">
2595         <p>The fourth wheezy based alpha release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
2596 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
2597
2598 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~alpha3 released
2599 2013-07-03</strong></p>
2600
2601 <p>These are the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
2602 7.1+edu0~alpha3, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
2603
2604 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
2605
2606 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
2607 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
2608 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
2609 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
2610 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
2611 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
2612 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
2613 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
2614 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
2615 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
2616 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
2617 desktop contains
2618 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
2619 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
2620 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
2621 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
2622
2623 <p>This is the fourth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
2624 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
2625 Squeeze release.</p>
2626
2627 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
2628 <ul>
2629   <li>Dropped ispell dictionaries from our default installation.</li>
2630   <li>Dropped menu-xdg from the KDE desktop option, to drop the Debian
2631     submenu.  It was not included with Gnome, LXDE or Xfce, so this
2632     brings KDE in line with the others.</li>
2633   <li>Dropped xdrawchem, xjig and xsok from our default installation as
2634     they don't have a desktop menu entry and thus won't show up in the
2635     menu now that menu-xdg was removed.</li>
2636   <li>Removed the killer system to kill left behind processes on
2637     multi-user machines, as it was no longer able to understand when a
2638     X display was in use and killed the processes of the active users
2639     too.</li>
2640   <li>Dropped the golearn (from goplay) package as the debtags in wheezy
2641     are too few to make the package useful.</li>
2642 </ul>
2643 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
2644 <ul>
2645   <li>Updated artwork matching http://wiki.debian.org/DebianArt/Themes/Joy
2646   <li>Multi-arch i386/amd64 USB stick ISO available.</li>
2647   <li>Got rid of ispell/wordlist related debconf questions that showed
2648     up for some language options.</li>
2649   <li>Switched to using http.debian.net as APT source by default.</li>
2650   <li>Fixed proxy configuration on Main Server installations.</li>
2651   <li>Changed LTSP setup to ask dpkg to use force-unsafe-io the same way
2652     d-i is doing it.</li>
2653   <li>Made sure root and user passwords were not left behind in the
2654     debconf database after installation on Main Server installations.</li>
2655   <li>Made Roaming Workstation dynamic setup more robust and added draft
2656     script setup-ad-client to hook a Roaming Workstation up to a
2657     Active Directory server instead of a Debian Edu Main Server.</li>
2658   <li>Update system to install needed firmware packages during
2659     installation, to work properly in Wheezy.</li>
2660   <li>Update system to handle hardware quirks (debian-edu-hwsetup).</li>
2661   <li>Corrected PXE installation setup to properly pass selected desktop
2662     and keymap settings to PXE installation clients.</li>
2663   <li>LTSP diskless workstations use sshfs by default, allowing them to
2664     work without adding them to DNS and NIS netgroups for NFS access.</li>
2665 </ul>
2666 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
2667 <ul>
2668   <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
2669     available yet (698840).</li>
2670   <li>Artwork not enabled for all desktops.</li>
2671 </ul>
2672 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
2673
2674 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
2675 <ul>
2676   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso</a></li>
2677   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso</a></li>
2678   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso .</li>
2679 </ul>
2680
2681 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 2b161a99d2a848c376d8d04e3854e30c
2682 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 498922e9c508c0a7ee9dbe1dfe5bf830d779c3c8</p>
2683
2684 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
2685 <ul>
2686   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso</a></li>
2687   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso</a></li>
2688   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso .</li>
2689 </ul>
2690
2691 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 25e808e403a4c15dbef1d13c37d572ac
2692 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 15ecfc93eb6b4f453b7eb0bc04b6a279262d9721</p>
2693
2694 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
2695
2696 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
2697
2698       </div>
2699       <div class="tags">
2700
2701
2702         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2703
2704
2705       </div>
2706     </div>
2707     <div class="padding"></div>
2708
2709     <div class="entry">
2710       <div class="title">
2711         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_value_of_a_good_distro_wide_test_suite___.html">The value of a good distro wide test suite...</a>
2712       </div>
2713       <div class="date">
2714         22nd June 2013
2715       </div>
2716       <div class="body">
2717         <p>In the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
2718 Skolelinux</a> project, we include a post-installation test suite,
2719 which check that services are running, working, and return the
2720 expected results.  It runs automatically just after the first boot on
2721 test installations (using test ISOs), but not on production
2722 installations (using non-test ISOs).  It test that the LDAP service is
2723 operating, Kerberos is responding, DNS is replying, file systems are
2724 online resizable, etc, etc.  And it check that the PXE service is
2725 configured, which is the topic of this post.</p>
2726
2727 <p>The last week I've fixed the DVD and USB stick ISOs for our Debian
2728 Edu Wheezy release.  These ISOs are supposed to be able to install a
2729 complete system without any Internet connection, but for that to
2730 happen all the needed packages need to be on them.  Thanks to our test
2731 suite, I discovered that we had forgotten to adjust our PXE setup to
2732 cope with the new names and paths used by the netboot d-i packages.
2733 When Internet connectivity was available, the installer fall back to
2734 using wget to fetch d-i boot images, but when offline it require
2735 working packages to get it working.  And the packages changed name
2736 from debian-installer-6.0-netboot-$arch to
2737 debian-installer-7.0-netboot-$arch, we no longer pulled in the
2738 packages during installation.  Without our test suite, I suspect we
2739 would never have discovered this before release.  Now it is fixed
2740 right after we got the ISOs operational.</p>
2741
2742 <p>Another by-product of the test suite is that we can ask system
2743 administrators with problems getting Debian Edu to work, to run the
2744 test suite using <tt>/usr/sbin/debian-edu-test-install</tt> and see if
2745 any errors are detected.  This usually pinpoint the subsystem causing
2746 the problem.</p>
2747
2748 <p>If you want to help us help kids learn how to share and create,
2749 please join us on
2750 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu on
2751 irc.debian.org</a> and the
2752 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@</a> mailing
2753 list.</p>
2754
2755       </div>
2756       <div class="tags">
2757
2758
2759         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2760
2761
2762       </div>
2763     </div>
2764     <div class="padding"></div>
2765
2766     <div class="entry">
2767       <div class="title">
2768         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Victor_Ni_u.html">Debian Edu interview: Victor Nițu</a>
2769       </div>
2770       <div class="date">
2771         17th June 2013
2772       </div>
2773       <div class="body">
2774         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
2775 Skolelinux</a> distribution have users and contributors all around the
2776 globe.  And a while back, an enterprising young man showed up on
2777 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">our IRC channel
2778 #debian-edu</a> and started asking questions about how Debian Edu
2779 worked.  We answered as good as we could, and even convinced him to
2780 help us with translations.  And today I managed to get an interview
2781 with him, to learn more about him.</p>
2782
2783 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
2784
2785 <p>I'm a 25 year old free software enthusiast, living in Romania,
2786 which is also my country of origin. Back in 2009, at a New Year's Eve
2787 party, I had a very nice <strike>beer</strike> discussion with a
2788 friend, when we realized we have no organised Debian community in our
2789 country. A few days later, we put together the infrastructure for such
2790 community and even gathered a nice Debian-ish crowd. Since then, I
2791 began my quest as a free software hacker and activist and I am
2792 constantly trying to cover as much ground as possible on that
2793 field.</p>
2794
2795 <p>A few years ago I founded a small web development company, which
2796 provided me the flexible schedule I needed so much for my
2797 activities. For the last 13 months, I have been the Technical Director
2798 of <a href="http://ceata.org/">Fundația Ceata</a>, which is a free
2799 software activist organisation endorsed by the FSF and the FSFE, and
2800 the only one we have in our country.</p>
2801
2802 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
2803 project?</strong></p>
2804
2805 <p>The idea of participating in the Debian Edu project was a surprise
2806 even to me, since I never used it before I began getting involved in
2807 it. This year I had a great opportunity to deliver a talk on
2808 educational software, and I knew immediately where to look. It was a
2809 love at first sight, since I was previously involved with some of the
2810 technologies the project incorporates, and I rapidly found a lot of
2811 ways to contribute.</p>
2812
2813 <p>My first contributions consisted in translating the installer and
2814 configuration dialogs, then I found some bugs to squash (I still
2815 haven't fixed them yet though), and I even got my eyes on some other
2816 areas where I can prove myself helpful. Since the appetite for free
2817 software in my country is pretty low, I'll be happy to be the first
2818 one around here advocating for the project's adoption in educational
2819 environments, and maybe even get my hands dirty in creating a flavour
2820 for our own needs. I am not used to make very advanced plannings, so
2821 from now on, time will tell what I'll be doing next, but I think I
2822 have a pretty consistent starting point.</p>
2823
2824 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
2825 Edu?</strong></p>
2826
2827 <p>Not a long time ago, I was in the position of configuring and
2828 maintaining a LDAP server on some Debian derivative, and I must say it
2829 took me a while. A long time ago, I was maintaining a bigger
2830 Samba-powered infrastructure, and I must say I spent quite a lot of
2831 time on it. I have similar stories about many of the services included
2832 with Skolelinux, and the main advantage I see about it is the
2833 out-of-the box availability of them, making it quite competitive when
2834 it comes to managing a school's network, for example.</p>
2835
2836 <p>Of course, there is more to say about Skolelinux than the
2837 availability of the software included, its flexibility in various
2838 scenarios is something I can't wait to experiment "into the wild" (I
2839 only played with virtual machines so far). And I am sure there is a
2840 lot more I haven't discovered yet about it, being so new within the
2841 project.</p>
2842
2843 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2844 Edu?</strong></p>
2845
2846 <p>As usual, when it comes to Debian Blends, I see as the biggest
2847 disadvantage the lack of a numerous team dedicated to the
2848 project. Every day I see the same names in the changelogs, and I have
2849 a constantly fear of the bus factor in this story.  I'd like to see
2850 Debian Edu advertised more as an entry point into the Debian
2851 ecosystem, especially amongst newcomers and students. IMHO there are a
2852 lot low-hanging fruits in terms of bug squashing, and enough
2853 opportunities to get the feeling of the Debian Project's dynamics. Not
2854 to mention it's a very fun blend to work on!</p>
2855
2856 <p>Derived from the previous statement, is the delay in catching up
2857 with the main Debian release and documentation. This is common though
2858 to all blends and derivatives, but it's an issue we can all work
2859 on.</p>
2860
2861 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
2862
2863 <p>I can hardly imagine myself spending a day without Vim, since my
2864 daily routine covers writing code and hacking configuration files. I
2865 am a fan of the Awesome window manager (but I also like the
2866 Enlightenment project a lot!),
2867 <a href="http://www.claws-mail.org/‎">Claws Mail</a> due to its ease of
2868 use and very configurable behaviour. Recently I fell in love with
2869 <a href="https://launchpad.net/redshift">Redshift</a>, which helps me
2870 get through the night without headaches. Of course, there is much more
2871 stuff in this bag, but I'll need a blog on my own for doing this!</p>
2872
2873 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
2874 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
2875
2876 <p>Well, on this field, I cannot do much more than experiment right
2877 now. So, being far from having a recipe for success, I can only assume
2878 that:</p>
2879
2880 <ul>
2881
2882 <li>schools would like to get rid of proprietary software</li>
2883
2884 <li>students will love the openness of the system, and will want to
2885     experiment with it - maybe we need to harvest the native curiosity
2886     of teenagers more?</li>
2887
2888 <li>there is no "right one" when it comes to strategies, but it would
2889     be useful to have some success stories published somewhere, so
2890     other can get some inspiration from them (I know I'd promote
2891     them!)</li>
2892
2893 <li>more active promotion - talks, conferences, even small school
2894     lectures can do magical things if they encounter at least one
2895     person interested. Who knows who that person might be? ;-)</li>
2896
2897 </ul>
2898
2899 <p>I also see some problems in getting Skolelinux into schools; for
2900 example, in our country we have a great deal of corruption issues, so
2901 it might be hard(er) to fight against proprietary solutions. Also,
2902 people who relied on commercial software for all their lives, would be
2903 very hard to convert against their will.</p>
2904
2905       </div>
2906       <div class="tags">
2907
2908
2909         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
2910
2911
2912       </div>
2913     </div>
2914     <div class="padding"></div>
2915
2916     <div class="entry">
2917       <div class="title">
2918         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Jonathan_Carter.html">Debian Edu interview: Jonathan Carter</a>
2919       </div>
2920       <div class="date">
2921         12th June 2013
2922       </div>
2923       <div class="body">
2924         <p>There is a certain cross-over between the
2925 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
2926 project</a> and <a href="http://www.edubuntu.org/">the Edubuntu
2927 project</a>, and for example the LTSP packages in Debian are a joint
2928 effort between the projects.  One person with a foot in both camps is
2929 Jonathan Carter, which I am now happy to present to you.</p>
2930
2931 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
2932
2933 <p>I'm a South-African free software geek who lives in Cape Town. My
2934 days vary quite a bit since I'm involved in too many things. As I'm
2935 getting older I'm learning how to focus a bit more :)</p>
2936
2937 <p>I'm also an Edubuntu contributor and I love when there are
2938 opportunities for the Edubuntu and Debian Edu projects to benefit from
2939 each other.</p>
2940
2941 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
2942 project?</strong></p>
2943
2944 <p>I've been somewhat familiar with the project before, but I think my
2945 first direct exposure to the project was when I met Petter
2946 [Reinholdtsen] and Knut [Yrvin] at the Edubuntu summit in 2005 in
2947 London. They provided great feedback that helped the bootstrapping of
2948 Edubuntu. Back then Edubuntu (and even Ubuntu) was still very new and
2949 it was great getting input from people who have been around longer. I
2950 was also still very excitable and said yes to everything and to this
2951 day I have a big todo list backlog that I'm catching up with. I think
2952 over the years the relationship between Edubuntu and Debian-Edu has
2953 been gradually improving, although I think there's a lot that we could
2954 still improve on in terms of working together on packages. I'm sure
2955 we'll get there one day.</p>
2956
2957 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2958 Edu?</strong></p>
2959
2960 <p>Debian itself already has so many advantages. I could go on about
2961 it for pages, but in essence I love that it's a very honest project
2962 that puts its users first with no hidden agendas and also produces
2963 very high quality work.</p>
2964
2965 <p>I think the advantage of Debian Edu is that it makes many common
2966 set-up tasks simpler so that administrators can get up and running
2967 with a lot less effort and frustration. At the same time I think it
2968 helps to standardise installations in schools so that it's easier for
2969 community members and commercial suppliers to support.</p>
2970
2971 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2972 Edu?</strong></p>
2973
2974 <p>I had to re-type this one a few times because I'm trying to
2975 separate "disadvantages" from "areas that need improvement" (which is
2976 what I originally rambled on about)</p>
2977
2978 <p>The biggest disadvantage I can think of is lack of manpower. The
2979 project could do so much more if there were more good contributors. I
2980 think some of the problems are external too. Free software and free
2981 content in education is a no-brainer but it takes some time to catch
2982 on. When you've been working with the same proprietary eco-system for
2983 years and have gotten used to it, it can be hard to adjust to some
2984 concepts in the free software world. It would be nice if there were
2985 more Debian Edu consultants across the world. I'd love to be one
2986 myself but I'm already so over-committed that it's just not possible
2987 currently.</p>
2988
2989 <p>I think the best short-term solution to that large-scale problem is
2990 for schools to be pro-active and share their experiences and grow
2991 their skills in-house. I'm often saddened to see how much money
2992 educational institutions spend on 3rd party solutions that they don't
2993 have access to after the service has ended and they could've gotten so
2994 much more value otherwise by being more self-sustainable and
2995 autonomous.</p>
2996
2997 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
2998
2999 <p>My main laptop dual-boots between Debian and Windows 7. I was
3000 Windows free for years but started dual-booting again last year for
3001 some games which help me focus and relax (Starcraft II in
3002 particular). Gaming support on Linux is improving in leaps and bounds
3003 so I suppose I'll soon be able to regain that disk space :)</p>
3004
3005 <p>Besides that I rely on Icedove, Chromium, Terminator, Byobu, irssi,
3006 git, Tomboy, KVM, VLC and LibreOffice. Recently I've been torn on
3007 which desktop environment I like and I'm taking some refuge in Xfce
3008 while I figure that out. I like tools that keep things simple. I enjoy
3009 Python and shell scripting. I went to an Arduino workshop recently and
3010 it was awesome seeing how easy and simple the IDE software was to get
3011 up and running in Debian compared to the users running Windows and OS
3012 X.</p>
3013
3014 <p>I also use mc which some people frown upon slightly. I got used to
3015 using Norton Commander in the early 90's and it stuck (I think the
3016 people who sneer at it is just jealous that they don't know how to use
3017 it :p)
3018
3019 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
3020 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
3021
3022 <p>I think trying to force it is unproductive. I also think that in
3023 many cases it's appropriate for schools to use non-free systems and I
3024 don't think that there's any particular moral or ethical problem with
3025 that.</p>
3026
3027 <p>I do think though that free software can already solve so so many
3028 problems in educational institutions and it's just a shame not taking
3029 advantage of that.</p>
3030
3031 <p>I also think that some curricula need serious review. For example,
3032 some areas of the world rely heavily on very specific versions of MS
3033 Office, teaching students to parrot menu items instead of learning the
3034 general concepts. I think that's very unproductive because firstly, MS
3035 Office's interface changes drastically every few years and on top of
3036 that it also locks in a generation to a product that might not be the
3037 best solution for them.</p>
3038
3039 <p>To answer your question, I believe that the right strategy is to
3040 educate and inform, giving someone the information they require to
3041 make a decision that would work for them.</p>
3042
3043       </div>
3044       <div class="tags">
3045
3046
3047         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
3048
3049
3050       </div>
3051     </div>
3052     <div class="padding"></div>
3053
3054     <div class="entry">
3055       <div class="title">
3056         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Third alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
3057       </div>
3058       <div class="date">
3059         10th June 2013
3060       </div>
3061       <div class="body">
3062         <p>The third wheezy based alpha release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
3063 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
3064
3065 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.0.0 alpha2 released
3066 2013-06-10</strong></p>
3067
3068 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux 7.0.0 edu
3069 alpha2, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
3070
3071 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
3072
3073 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
3074 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
3075 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
3076 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
3077 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
3078 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
3079 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
3080 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
3081 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
3082 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
3083 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
3084 desktop contains
3085 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
3086 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
3087 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
3088 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
3089
3090 <p>This is the third test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
3091 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
3092 Squeeze release.</p>
3093
3094 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
3095
3096 <ul>
3097
3098 <li>Iceweasel was updated from 10 to 17. (DSA 2699-1)
3099 <li>Updated libxv (DSA-2674), libxvmc (DSA-2675), libxfixes (DSA-2676), libxrender (DSA-2677), mesa (DSA-2678), xserver-xorg-video-openchrome (DSA-2679), libxt (DSA-2680), libxcursor (DSA-2681), libxext (DSA-2682), libxi (DSA-2683), libxrandr (DSA-2684), libxp (DSA-2685), libxcb (DSA-2686), libfs (DSA-2687), libxres (DSA-2688), libxtst (DSA-2689), libxxf86dga (DSA-2690), libxinerama (DSA-2691), libxxf86vm (DSA-2692), libx11 (DSA-2693), chromium-browser (DSA-2695), gnutls26 (DSA-2697), wireshark (DSA-2700), krb5 (DSA-2701), telepathy-gabble (DSA-2702) and subversion (DSA-2703).
3100 <li>Switched xrdp on thin client servers to use tightvncserver instead of xvnc4.
3101 <li>Now install software oscilloscope xoscope by default.
3102 <li>Now install music tools gtick, lingot and pianobooster by default.
3103
3104 </ul>
3105
3106 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
3107
3108 <ul>
3109
3110 <li>The subnet-change script is now able to change all files needing a change on the main-server when changing the IP network used.
3111 <li>Updated translation of the installation.
3112 <li>New Romanian translation.
3113 <li>Fix security problem causing root and first user password to no longer show up in /var/cache/debconf/templates.dat.
3114 <li>Fix roaming workstation setup (Closed in libpam-mklocaluser/0.8, libpam-mklocaluser/0.8~deb7u1: #706753: libpam-mklocaluser: Fail to create local user during first login).
3115 <li>Made roaming workstation setup more robust in non-Debian Edu environments.
3116 <li>New script debian-edu-bless to transform a Debian installation to a Debian Edu profile.
3117 <li>Adjust Iceweasel setup to improve performance when $HOME is on NFS.
3118 <li>More testsuite tests.
3119 <li>Make automatic proxy configuration more robust.
3120 <li>Adjust GOsa² GUI configuration.
3121
3122 <li>Update thin client and diskless workstation setup to work with
3123 LTSP in Wheezy.</li>
3124
3125 <li>Diskless workstations now run out of the box -- no need to set
3126 them up with GOsa².</li>
3127
3128 <li>Update IMAP server setup. </li>
3129
3130 <li>Fix login into Skolelinux Backup Tool (Closed in
3131 slbackup-php/0.4.4-1: #700257: slbackup-php: Fails to submit correctly
3132 entered password). </li>
3133
3134 </ul>
3135
3136 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
3137
3138 <ul>
3139
3140 <li>DVD binary and source images are not yet ready.</li>
3141
3142 <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
3143 available yet (Open in gosa/2.7.4-4: #698840: gosa-plugin-ldapmanager:
3144 missing import feature).</li>
3145
3146 <li>Missing artwork for the KDE desktop (and probably a few others). </li>
3147
3148 <li>KDE Debian submenu lacks icons (Closed: #502192: menu-xdg: invents
3149 own icon names instead of using existing). This will remain
3150 unfixed.</li>
3151
3152 </ul>
3153
3154 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
3155
3156 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
3157
3158 <ul>
3159
3160 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso</a></li>
3161
3162 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso</a></li>
3163
3164 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso .</li>
3165
3166 </ul>
3167
3168 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 27bbcace407743382f3c42c08dbe8178
3169 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: e35f7d7908566cd3075375b3721fa10ee420d419</p>
3170
3171 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
3172
3173 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
3174
3175       </div>
3176       <div class="tags">
3177
3178
3179         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3180
3181
3182       </div>
3183     </div>
3184     <div class="padding"></div>
3185
3186     <div class="entry">
3187       <div class="title">
3188         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Is_there_a_PHP_expert_in_the_building___Debian_Edu_need_help_.html">Is there a PHP expert in the building?  Debian Edu need help!</a>
3189       </div>
3190       <div class="date">
3191          5th June 2013
3192       </div>
3193       <div class="body">
3194         <p>Here is a call for help from the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project.
3195 We have two problems blocking the release of the Wheezy version we
3196 hope to get released soon.  The two problems require some with PHP
3197 skills, and we seem to lack anyone with both time and PHP skills in
3198 the project:
3199
3200 <ol>
3201
3202 <li>It is impossible to log into the slbackup web interface
3203   (slbackup-php) using the root user and password.  This is
3204   <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/700257">BTS report #700257</a>.
3205   This used to work, but stopped working some time since Squeeze.
3206   Perhaps some obsolete PHP feature was used?</li>
3207
3208 <li>It is not possible to "mass import" user lists in Gosa, neither
3209   using ldif nor using CSV files.  The feature was disabled after a
3210   major rewrite of Gosa, and need to be ported to the new system.
3211   This is <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/698840">BTS report
3212   #698840</a>.</li>
3213
3214 </ol>
3215
3216 <p>If you can help us, please join us on IRC
3217 (<a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu on
3218 irc.debian.org</a>) and provide patches via the BTS.</p>
3219
3220       </div>
3221       <div class="tags">
3222
3223
3224         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3225
3226
3227       </div>
3228     </div>
3229     <div class="padding"></div>
3230
3231     <div class="entry">
3232       <div class="title">
3233         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__C_dric_Boutillier.html">Debian Edu interview: Cédric Boutillier</a>
3234       </div>
3235       <div class="date">
3236          4th June 2013
3237       </div>
3238       <div class="body">
3239         <p>It has been a while since my last English
3240 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
3241 interview last November.  But the developers and translators are still
3242 pulling along to get the Wheezy based release out the door, and this
3243 time I managed to get an interview from one of the French translators
3244 in the project, Cédric Boutillier.</p>
3245
3246 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
3247
3248 <p>I am 34 year old. I live near Paris, France. I am an assistant
3249 professor in probability theory. I spend my daytime teaching
3250 mathematics at the university and doing fundamental research in
3251 probability in connexion with combinatorics and statistical physics.</p>
3252
3253 <p>I have been involved in the Debian project for a couple of years
3254 and became Debian Developer a few months ago. I am working on Ruby
3255 packaging, publicity and translation.</p>
3256
3257 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
3258 project?</strong></p>
3259
3260 <p>I came to the Debian Edu project after a call for translation of
3261 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Manuals">the
3262 Debian Edu manual</a> for the release of Debian Edu Squeeze. Since
3263 then, I have been working on updating the French translation of the
3264 manual.
3265
3266 <p>I had the opportunity to make an installation of Debian Edu in a
3267 virtual machine when I was preparing localised version of some screen
3268 shots for the manual. I was amazed to see it worked out of the box and
3269 how comprehensive the list of software installed by default was.</p>
3270
3271 <p>What amazed me was the complete network infrastructure directly
3272 ready to use, which can and the nice administration interface provided
3273 by <a href="https://oss.gonicus.de/labs/gosa/">GOsa²</a>.  What pleased
3274 me also was the fact that among the software installed by default,
3275 there were many "traditional" educative software to learn languages,
3276 to count, to program... but also software to develop creativity and
3277 artistic skills with music (<a href="http://ardour.org/">Ardour</a>,
3278 <a href="http://audacity.sourceforge.net/">Audacity</a>) and
3279 movies/animation (I was especially thinking of
3280 <a href="http://linuxstopmotion.sourceforge.net/">Stopmotion</a>).</p>
3281
3282 <p>I am following the development of Debian Edu and am hanging out on
3283 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu</a>.
3284 Unfortunately, I don't much time to get more involved in this
3285 beautiful project.</p>
3286
3287 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
3288 Edu?</strong></p>
3289
3290 <p>For me, the main advantages of Skolelinux/Debian Edu are its
3291 community of experts and its precise documentation, as well as the
3292 fact that it provides a solution ready to use.</p>
3293
3294 <p>I would add also the fact that it is based on the rock solid Debian
3295 distribution, which ensures stability and provides a huge collection
3296 of educational free software.</p>
3297
3298 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
3299 Edu?</strong></p>
3300
3301 <p>Maybe the lack of manpower to do lobbying on the
3302 project. Sometimes, people who need to take decisions concerning IT do
3303 not have all the elements to evaluate properly free software
3304 solutions. The fact that support by a company may be difficult to find
3305 is probably a problem if the school does not have IT personnel.</p>
3306
3307 <p>One can find support from a company by looking at
3308 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Help/ProfessionalHelp">the
3309 wiki dokumentation</a>, where some countries already have a number of
3310 companies providing support for Debian Edu, like Germany or
3311 Norway. This list is easy to find readily from the manual. However,
3312 for other countries, like France, the list is empty. I guess that
3313 consultants proposing support for Debian would be able to provide some
3314 support for Debian Edu as well.</p>
3315
3316 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
3317
3318 <p>I am using the KDE Plasma Desktop. But the pieces of software I use
3319 most runs in a terminal: Mutt and OfflineIMAP for emails, latex for
3320 scientific documents, mpd for music. VIM is my editor of choice.  I am
3321 also using the mathematical software
3322 <a href="http://www.scilab.org/en/scilab/about‎">Scilab</a> and
3323 <a href="http://www.sagemath.org/index.html‎">Sage</a> (built from
3324 source as not completely packaged for Debian, yet).
3325
3326 <p><strong>Do you have any suggestions for teachers interested in
3327 using the free software in Debian to teach mathematics and
3328 statistics?</strong></p>
3329
3330 <p>I do not have any "nice" recommendations for statistics. At our
3331 university, we use both <a href="http://www.r-project.org/‎">R</a> and
3332 Scilab to teach statistics and probabilistic simulations. For
3333 geometry, there are nice programs:</p>
3334
3335 <ul>
3336
3337 <li><a href="http://www.drgeo.eu/">drgeo</a> and
3338 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/applications/all/kig‎">kig</a> to do
3339 constructions in planar geometry
3340
3341 <li><a href="http://www.geom.uiuc.edu/software/download/kali.html">kali</a>
3342 to discover symmetry groups (the so-called wallpapers and frieze
3343 groups), although the interface looks a bit old.</li>
3344
3345 </ul>
3346
3347 <p>I like also
3348 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/applications/all/cantor">cantor</a>, which
3349 provides a uniform interface to SciLab, Sage,
3350 <a href="http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Octave‎">Octave</a>, etc...</p>
3351
3352 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
3353 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
3354
3355 <p>My suggestions would be to</p>
3356
3357 <ul>
3358
3359 <li>advertise the reduction of costs when free software is used.</li>
3360
3361 <li>communicate about the quality of free software projects, using
3362     well known examples like Firefox, ThunderBird and
3363     OpenOffice.org/LibreOffice.</li>
3364
3365 <li>advertise the living and strong community around the project.</li>
3366
3367 <li>show that it is not more difficult to use than any other
3368     system.</li>
3369
3370 </ul>
3371
3372       </div>
3373       <div class="tags">
3374
3375
3376         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
3377
3378
3379       </div>
3380     </div>
3381     <div class="padding"></div>
3382
3383     <div class="entry">
3384       <div class="title">
3385         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">Educational applications included in Debian Edu / Skolelinux (the screenshot collection :-)</a>
3386       </div>
3387       <div class="date">
3388          1st June 2013
3389       </div>
3390       <div class="body">
3391         <p>Included in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
3392 Skolelinux</a>, there are quite a lot of educational software.
3393 Created to help teachers teach, and pupils learn.  We have tried to
3394 tag them all using debtags use::learning and role::program, and using
3395 the debtags I was happy to be able to create a collage of the
3396 educational software packages installed by default, sorted by the
3397 debtag field.  Here it is.  Click on a image to learn more about the
3398 program.</p>
3399
3400 <!-- for f in $(debtags tagcat|grep field::|awk '{print $2}'); do   echo; echo "<p><strong>$f</strong></p>"; echo "<p>";   (     for p in $(debtags search --names "use::learning && interface::x11 && role::program && $f"); do img="<img src='http://screenshots.debian.net/thumbnail/$p' alt='$p'>"; if dpkg -s $p > /dev/null 2>&1; then           echo "<a href='http://packages.qa.debian.org/$p'>$img</a>"; fi;     done;   ) | LANG=C sort; echo "</p>"; done -->
3401
3402 <p><strong>field::arts</strong></p>
3403 <p>
3404 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=audacity'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/audacity.png' alt='audacity'></a>
3405 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
3406 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=denemo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/denemo.png' alt='denemo'></a>
3407 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=freebirth'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/freebirth.png' alt='freebirth'></a>
3408 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
3409 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gimp'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gimp.png' alt='gimp'></a>
3410 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=hydrogen'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/hydrogen.png' alt='hydrogen'></a>
3411 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=lilypond'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/lilypond.png' alt='lilypond'></a>
3412 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=lmms'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/lmms.png' alt='lmms'></a>
3413 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=rosegarden'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/rosegarden.png' alt='rosegarden'></a>
3414 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scribus'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scribus.png' alt='scribus'></a>
3415 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=solfege'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/solfege.png' alt='solfege'></a>
3416 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=stopmotion'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/stopmotion.png' alt='stopmotion'></a>
3417 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=tuxpaint'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/tuxpaint.png' alt='tuxpaint'></a>
3418 </p>
3419
3420 <p><strong>field::astronomy</strong></p>
3421 <p>
3422 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=celestia-gnome'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/celestia-gnome.png' alt='celestia-gnome'></a>
3423 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gpredict'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gpredict.png' alt='gpredict'></a>
3424 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kstars'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kstars.png' alt='kstars'></a>
3425 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=planets'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/planets.png' alt='planets'></a>
3426 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=stellarium'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/stellarium.png' alt='stellarium'></a>
3427 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xplanet'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xplanet.png' alt='xplanet'></a>
3428 </p>
3429
3430 <p><strong>field::biology:structural</strong></p>
3431 <p>
3432 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=pymol'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/pymol.png' alt='pymol'></a>
3433 </p>
3434
3435 <p><strong>field::chemistry</strong></p>
3436 <p>
3437 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=atomix'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/atomix.png' alt='atomix'></a>
3438 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=chemtool'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/chemtool.png' alt='chemtool'></a>
3439 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=easychem'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/easychem.png' alt='easychem'></a>
3440 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gchempaint'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gchempaint.png' alt='gchempaint'></a>
3441 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gdis'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gdis.png' alt='gdis'></a>
3442 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=ghemical'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/ghemical.png' alt='ghemical'></a>
3443 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gperiodic'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gperiodic.png' alt='gperiodic'></a>
3444 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kalzium'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kalzium.png' alt='kalzium'></a>
3445 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=pymol'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/pymol.png' alt='pymol'></a>
3446 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=viewmol'>[viewmol]</a>
3447 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xdrawchem'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xdrawchem.png' alt='xdrawchem'></a>
3448 </p>
3449
3450 <p><strong>field::electronics</strong></p>
3451 <p>
3452 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
3453 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gpsim'>[gpsim]</a>
3454 </p>
3455
3456 <p><strong>field::geography</strong></p>
3457 <p>
3458 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kgeography'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kgeography.png' alt='kgeography'></a>
3459 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=marble'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/marble.png' alt='marble'></a>
3460 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xplanet'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xplanet.png' alt='xplanet'></a>
3461 </p>
3462
3463 <p><strong>field::linguistics</strong></p>
3464 <p>
3465 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
3466 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kanagram'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kanagram.png' alt='kanagram'></a>
3467 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=khangman'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/khangman.png' alt='khangman'></a>
3468 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=klettres'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/klettres.png' alt='klettres'></a>
3469 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=parley'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/parley.png' alt='parley'></a>
3470 </p>
3471
3472 <p><strong>field::mathematics</strong></p>
3473 <p>
3474 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
3475 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=drgeo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/drgeo.png' alt='drgeo'></a>
3476 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
3477 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=geogebra'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/geogebra.png' alt='geogebra'></a>
3478 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=geomview'>[geomview]</a>
3479 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=grace'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/grace.png' alt='grace'></a>
3480 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=graphmonkey'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/graphmonkey.png' alt='graphmonkey'></a>
3481 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=graphthing'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/graphthing.png' alt='graphthing'></a>
3482 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kalgebra'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kalgebra.png' alt='kalgebra'></a>
3483 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kbruch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kbruch.png' alt='kbruch'></a>
3484 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kig'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kig.png' alt='kig'></a>
3485 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kmplot'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kmplot.png' alt='kmplot'></a>
3486 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=mathwar'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/mathwar.png' alt='mathwar'></a>
3487 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=rocs'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/rocs.png' alt='rocs'></a>
3488 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scratch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scratch.png' alt='scratch'></a>
3489 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=tuxmath'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/tuxmath.png' alt='tuxmath'></a>
3490 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xabacus'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xabacus.png' alt='xabacus'></a>
3491 </p>
3492
3493 <p><strong>field::physics</strong></p>
3494 <p>
3495 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
3496 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=step'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/step.png' alt='step'></a>
3497 </p>
3498
3499 <p><strong>field::TODO</strong></p>
3500 <p>
3501 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=blinken'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/blinken.png' alt='blinken'></a>
3502 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=cgoban'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/cgoban.png' alt='cgoban'></a>
3503 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
3504 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
3505 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gnuchess'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gnuchess.png' alt='gnuchess'></a>
3506 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gnugo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gnugo.png' alt='gnugo'></a>
3507 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gtans'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gtans.png' alt='gtans'></a>
3508 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=ktouch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/ktouch.png' alt='ktouch'></a>
3509 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=librecad'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/librecad.png' alt='librecad'></a>
3510 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scratch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scratch.png' alt='scratch'></a>
3511 </p>
3512
3513 <p>In total, 61 applications.  3 of them lacked screen shots on
3514 <a href="http://screenshot.debian.net">screenshot.debian.net</a>.  If
3515 you know of some packages we should install by default, please let us
3516 know on <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">IRC, #debian-edu
3517 on irc.debian.org</a>, or our
3518 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">mailing list
3519 debian-edu@</a>.</p>
3520
3521       </div>
3522       <div class="tags">
3523
3524
3525         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3526
3527
3528       </div>
3529     </div>
3530     <div class="padding"></div>
3531
3532     <div class="entry">
3533       <div class="title">
3534         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Nirosan_Thiyagalingam.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Nirosan Thiyagalingam</a>
3535       </div>
3536       <div class="date">
3537         24th May 2013
3538       </div>
3539       <div class="body">
3540         <p>En ting
3541 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektet</a> har
3542 hatt mye glede av er studentprosjekter.  F.eks.  er
3543 <a href="http://linuxstopmotion.org/">stillbildeanimasjonssystemet
3544 Stopmotion</a> resultat av et studentprosjekt i Skolelinux.  De siste
3545 månedene har en ivrig student veiledet av Marius Kotsbak i
3546 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRiSK</a> testet hva en
3547 kan få til med en datamaskin til NOK 400,- (antagelig 1700,- med
3548 skjerm, tastatur og mus) når det brukes i Skolelinux.  Jeg spurte han
3549 om et intervju.</p>
3550
3551 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
3552
3553 <p>Jeg heter Nirosan Thiyagalingam. Jeg er 24 år og studerer
3554 dataingeniør studiet ved Høgskolen i Sør Trøndelag. Interessen for
3555 data har siden ung alder vært tilstede og jeg har i tillegg alltid
3556 vært glad i å lære nye ting. Med teknologi som endres svært hurtig er
3557 det alltid noe nytt å lære.  Noe som igjen har gjort det svært
3558 interessant å følge med på utviklingen.  Jeg valgte dataingeniør
3559 studiet grunnet ønske om å lære enda mer om programmering og utvikling
3560 av store systemer.</p>
3561
3562 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
3563
3564 <p>Skolelinux prosjektet hørte jeg først om i media. Men det var først
3565 når jeg skulle velge bacheloroppgave at jeg fattet mer interesse for
3566 prosjektet. Et enkelt søk på nettet førte meg til skolelinux sine
3567 hjemmesider.  Informasjonen jeg fant der gjorde meg enda nysgjerrig og
3568 jeg valgte derfor en oppgave som gikk ut på å få en
3569 <a href="http://www.raspberrypi.org">Raspberry PI</a>.  Altså en
3570 ultra-billig datamaskin til å kjøre Debian Edu på lik linje med
3571 vanlige datamaskiner. I løpet av prosjektet ble det gjort mye
3572 forskning på nettet. Det var mye jeg måtte forstå rundt hvordan
3573 operativsystemet Linux fungerte før jeg kunne angripe
3574 problemet. Prøvde først å finne ut hvordan man kunne transformere en
3575 vanlig installasjon av Skolelinux til Raspberry PI, men dette var
3576 altfor vanskelig å jeg endte opp med mer spørsmål enn svar. Det ble
3577 videre opprettet kontakt med Skolelinux utviklere på IRC der jeg fikk
3578 diskutert hvilken retning jeg burde gå for å få til en fullverdig
3579 løsning. Det ble bestemt at jeg skulle gå for å først installere
3580 <a href="http://www.raspbian.org/">Raspian</a>. Dette er et
3581 operativsystem basert på Debian spesiallaget for Raspberry Pi sin
3582 maskinvare. Nå som Debian var installert på datamaskinen gjenstod det
3583 å installere de nødvendige Skolelinux pakkene for å få til et
3584 fullverdig system. Disse pakkene ble installert manuelt i første
3585 omgang, men ble senere installert automatisk via et script som Petter
3586 Reinholdtsen laget. Dette scriptet er så enkel å bruke at man er i
3587 gang med installasjonen i løpet av bare 5 minutter. Ikke nok med det,
3588 alt skjer helt automatisk. Alt i alt er jeg veldig fornøyd med
3589 resultatet av installasjonsprosessen. Raspberry Pi er en veldig svak
3590 maskin og det merkes godt når man har installert Skolelinux på
3591 den. Video og 3D-rendering fungerer utrolig dårlig, men nettsurfing og
3592 kontorprogrammer fungerer godt.  Det kan derfor konkluderes med at
3593 datamaskinen er egnet for enkle oppgaver.
3594
3595 <p>Jeg syns det er viktig påpeke at dette kun er startfasen av en slik
3596 løsning. På markedet finnes det nå maskiner som har bedre hardware enn
3597 Raspberry Pi. Det er store muligheter for at man kan klare å
3598 installere Skolelinux på disse også, og da forsvinner nok mest
3599 sannsynlig ytelsesproblemene med Video og 3D rendering også.</p>
3600
3601 <p>Det ble også prøvd med en løsning som gjorde at Raspberry Pi
3602 fungerte som en tynnklient. Denne løsningen hadde langt bedre ytelse
3603 med tanke på hastighet og brukeropplevelse. Men også her var video og
3604 3D rendering dårlig. Det ble brukt en liten Linux distribusjon kalt
3605 <a href="http://www.berryterminal.com/">BerryTerminal</a> for å få til
3606 dette.</p>
3607
3608 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
3609
3610 <p>Fordelen med Skolelinux er mange. At det er gratis er en stor
3611 fordel, men at det er så mange som er med på å utvikle det og
3612 vedlikeholde det er en enda større fordel. Allerede før jeg startet
3613 med prosjektet så jeg mange fordeler, og når jeg nærmet meg sluttfasen
3614 så jeg langt flere. At prosjektet skulle inneha en så høy kvalitet
3615 hadde jeg aldri trodd. En vanlig Skolelinux installasjon har de
3616 nødvendige programmene og funksjonen som både små og store skoler i
3617 tillegg til organisasjoner kan klare seg med.  At prosjektet tilbyr en
3618 så komplett løsning er en kjempefordel.  Installasjonen er knirkefri
3619 og det er svært enkelt å installere og komme i gang.</p>
3620
3621 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
3622
3623 <p>Ulempene jeg ser med prosjektet er ryddigheten av websidene. Selv
3624 om websidene er enkle og konsise er det allikevel ikke appellerende i
3625 like stor grad som for eksempel
3626 <a href="http://www.ubuntu.com">Ubuntu</a> sine sider.  Deres side
3627 tilbyr, i tillegg til godt design og presentasjon, en nettbasert
3628 emulator av deres operativsystem. Dette er en stor fordel slik jeg ser
3629 det.  Bortsett fra dette ser jeg absolutt ingen ulemper med
3630 Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
3631
3632 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
3633
3634 <p>Til daglig er jeg en flittig bruker av det åpne media
3635 sentersystemet <a href="http://xbmc.org/">XBMC</a>. Det enorme
3636 samfunnet rundt dette prosjektet har gjort dette til et program som
3637 dekker alles behov. Man kan tilpasse det akkurat slik man vil både med
3638 tanke på utseende og funksjoner ved installere plug-ins eller
3639 scripts.</p>
3640
3641 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
3642 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
3643
3644 <p>Strategien som burde brukes sett fra mine øyne er
3645 markedsføring. Jeg er sikker på at om flere skoler fikk et lite innsyn
3646 i hvor bra Skolelinux er så ville de ikke nølt med å gå over fra noe
3647 annet som koster de store summer. At skolelinux til de grader tilbyr
3648 en så komplett løsning bure komme frem. Enten via reklamekampanjer
3649 eller ved å sende ut folk til skoler for så å la skolenettverk
3650 ansvarlige få teste ut hvordan Skolelinux fungerer i praksis. Om det
3651 i tillegg ble utviklet gode websider og en emulator for å la brukere
3652 prøve operativsystemet ville nok dette ha styrket inntrykket
3653 betraktelig.</p>
3654
3655       </div>
3656       <div class="tags">
3657
3658
3659         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
3660
3661
3662       </div>
3663     </div>
3664     <div class="padding"></div>
3665
3666     <div class="entry">
3667       <div class="title">
3668         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_transform_a_Debian_based_system_to_a_Debian_Edu_installation.html">How to transform a Debian based system to a Debian Edu installation</a>
3669       </div>
3670       <div class="date">
3671         17th May 2013
3672       </div>
3673       <div class="body">
3674         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> is
3675 an operating system based on Debian intended for use in schools.  It
3676 contain a turn-key solution for the computer network provided to
3677 pupils in the primary schools.  It provide both the central server,
3678 network boot servers and desktop environments with heaps of
3679 educational software.  The project was founded almost 12 years ago,
3680 2001-07-02.  If you want to support the project, which is in need for
3681 cash to fund developer gatherings and other project related activity,
3682 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/donations.html">please
3683 donate some money</a>.
3684
3685 <p>A topic that come up again and again on the Debian Edu mailing
3686 lists and elsewhere, is the question on how to transform a Debian or
3687 Ubuntu installation into a Debian Edu installation.  It isn't very
3688 hard, and last week I wrote a script to replicate the steps done by
3689 the Debian Edu installer.</p>
3690
3691 <p>The script,
3692 <a href="http://anonscm.debian.org/viewvc/debian-edu/branches/wheezy/debian-edu-config/share/debian-edu-config/tools/debian-edu-bless?view=markup">debian-edu-bless<a/>
3693 in the debian-edu-config package, will go through these six steps and
3694 transform an existing Debian Wheezy or Ubuntu (untested) installation
3695 into a Debian Edu Workstation:</p>
3696
3697 <ol>
3698
3699 <li>Add skolelinux related APT sources.</li>
3700 <li>Create /etc/debian-edu/config with the wanted configuration.</li>
3701 <li>Install debian-edu-install to load preseeding values and pull in
3702     our configuration.</li>
3703 <li>Preseed debconf database with profile setup in
3704     /etc/debian-edu/config, and run tasksel to install packages
3705     according to the profile specified in the config above,
3706     overriding some of the Debian automation machinery.</li>
3707 <li>Run debian-edu-cfengine-D installation to configure everything
3708     that could not be done using preseeding.</li>
3709 <li>Ask for a reboot to enable all the configuration changes.</li>
3710
3711 </ol>
3712
3713 <p>There are some steps in the Debian Edu installation that can not be
3714 replicated like this.  Disk partitioning and LVM setup, for example.
3715 So this script just assume there is enough disk space to install all
3716 the needed packages.</p>
3717
3718 <p>The script was created to help a Debian Edu student working on
3719 setting up <a href="http://www.raspberrypi.org">Raspberry Pi</a> as a
3720 Debian Edu client, and using it he can take the existing
3721 <a href="http://www.raspbian.org/FrontPage‎">Raspbian</a> installation and
3722 transform it into a fully functioning Debian Edu Workstation (or
3723 Roaming Workstation, or whatever :).</p>
3724
3725 <p>The default setting in the script is to create a KDE Workstation.
3726 If a LXDE based Roaming workstation is wanted instead, modify the
3727 PROFILE and DESKTOP values at the top to look like this instead:</p>
3728
3729 <p><pre>
3730 PROFILE="Roaming-Workstation"
3731 DESKTOP="lxde"
3732 </pre></p>
3733
3734 <p>The script could even become useful to set up Debian Edu servers in
3735 the cloud, by starting with a virtual Debian installation at some
3736 virtual hosting service and setting up all the services on first
3737 boot.</p>
3738
3739       </div>
3740       <div class="tags">
3741
3742
3743         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3744
3745
3746       </div>
3747     </div>
3748     <div class="padding"></div>
3749
3750     <div class="entry">
3751       <div class="title">
3752         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Second alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
3753       </div>
3754       <div class="date">
3755         14th May 2013
3756       </div>
3757       <div class="body">
3758         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
3759 project</a> is making great progress and made its second Wheezy based
3760 release today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
3761
3762 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.0.0 alpha1 released
3763 2013-05-14</strong></p>
3764
3765 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux 7.0.0 edu
3766 alpha1, based on <a href="http://www.debian.org">Debian</a> with
3767 codename "Wheezy".</p>
3768
3769 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
3770
3771 <p>Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux, is a Linux distribution based
3772 on Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
3773 configured school network. Immediatly after installation a school
3774 server running all services needed for a school network is set up just
3775 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
3776 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
3777 initial installation of the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all
3778 other machines can be installed via the network.</p>
3779
3780 <p>This is the first test release based on Wheezy (which currently is
3781 not released yet). Basically this is an updated and slightly improved
3782 version compared to the Squeeze release.</p>
3783
3784 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
3785 <ul>
3786   <li>Install freemind (0.9.0) by default, and stop installing vym by
3787     default.</li>
3788   <li>Install chromium (26.0.1410.43) by default.</li>
3789   <li>Install goplay (0.5-1.1) to make golearn available by default.</li>
3790   <li>Updated support for Japanese input methods, now based on
3791     ibus-anthy.</li>
3792 </ul>
3793
3794 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
3795 <ul>
3796
3797   <li>Switched default file system from ext3 to ext4 for speed and
3798     reliability improvements.</li>
3799   <li>Got rid of unwanted winbind daemon and PAM setup activated because
3800     of <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/706434">706434</a>.</li>
3801   <li>Extended and improved the testsuite tests to detect more possible
3802     problems.</li>
3803   <li>Corrected proxy handling to not set http_proxy to a bogus
3804     direct:// URL.</li>
3805   <li>Corrected proxy setup for diskless workstations.</li>
3806   <li>Corrected PXE setup to use our updated udebs during installation.</li>
3807   <li>Made installation handling of low entropy level more robust.</li>
3808   <li>Create larger partitions for Roaming workstations and Thin client
3809     servers, to make room for all the software installed.</li>
3810   <li>Fix bug in Roaming workstation PAM setup, making it impossible to
3811     log in (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/706753">706753</a>).</li>
3812 </ul>
3813
3814 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
3815 <ul>
3816
3817   <li>IP resolution for the local hostname give useless IPv6 address
3818     (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/705900">705900</a>).  Only install
3819     libnss-myhostname on roaming workstations until it is fixed.</li>
3820   <li>DVD images are not yet ready.</li>
3821   <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
3822     available yet (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/698840">698840</a>).</li>
3823   <li>Missing artwork for the KDE desktop (and probably a few others).</li>
3824   <li>KDE Debian submenu lacks icons.</li>
3825   <li>LXDE menu lacks entry for changing GOsa password
3826     (website). Installing gosa-desktop will be an option.</li>
3827   <li>Backup configuration via web interface is impossible due to
3828     password submission problem
3829     (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/700257">700257</a>).</li>
3830
3831 </ul>
3832
3833 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
3834
3835 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
3836 <ul>
3837
3838   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</a></li>
3839   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</a></li>
3840   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</li>
3841
3842 </ul>
3843
3844 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 685ed76c1aa8e44b12d3fde21faf450b</p>
3845
3846 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 6c874de157024da13e115bab29c068080a11ec4c</p>
3847
3848 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
3849
3850 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
3851
3852       </div>
3853       <div class="tags">
3854
3855
3856         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3857
3858
3859       </div>
3860     </div>
3861     <div class="padding"></div>
3862
3863     <div class="entry">
3864       <div class="title">
3865         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Narvik_sparer_minst_9_millioner_p____bruke_Skolelinux.html">Narvik sparer minst 9 millioner på å bruke Skolelinux</a>
3866       </div>
3867       <div class="date">
3868         10th May 2013
3869       </div>
3870       <div class="body">
3871         <p>I fjor sommer ble jeg
3872 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">gledelig
3873 overrasket</a> over et oppslag i avisen Fremover om Narvik kommunes
3874 bruk av <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>.  Oppslaget
3875 var basert på et notat som besvarte spørsmål fra ordfører Tor Nysæter
3876 og rådgiver for skolesektoren, Petter Falkbu, om bruken av Skolelinux
3877 i Narvikskolene og konstnaden ved å gå over til Windows.  For litt
3878 over en uke siden siden fikk jeg endelig bedt kommunen om å få innsyn
3879 i dette notatet, og det ble oversendt på epost tirsdag.  Jeg fikk
3880 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/pub/offentliginnsyn/from-Narvik-kommune/2013-04-29-09:12-skolelinux-notat/PetterFalkbuogwindowsfornarvikskolen%20(L)351310.pdf">lagt
3881 ut notatet</a> samme dag, og fikk i dag sjekket postlista til Narvik,
3882 der jeg fant notatet som
3883 <a href="https://www.narvik.kommune.no/innsyn.aspx?response=arkivsak_detaljer&arkivsakid=2013001023&scripturi=/innsyn.aspx&skin=infolink&Mid1=301&">sak
3884 2013/1023</a>.</p>
3885
3886 <p>Notatet forteller at Narvik ville måtte betalt minst 9 millioner
3887 for å gå over til Windows på skolene.  I tillegg dokumenterer notatet
3888 at læreplanens krav oppfylles uten problemer ved bruk av Skolelinux.
3889 Jeg anbefaler alle å lese de 10 sidene med gode argumenter for å kutte
3890 unødige utgifter på IT i skoleverket. :)</p>
3891
3892       </div>
3893       <div class="tags">
3894
3895
3896         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
3897
3898
3899       </div>
3900     </div>
3901     <div class="padding"></div>
3902
3903     <div class="entry">
3904       <div class="title">
3905         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Wheezy_is_out___and_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_should_soon_follow___newinwheezy.html">Debian Wheezy is out - and Debian Edu / Skolelinux should soon follow! #newinwheezy</a>
3906       </div>
3907       <div class="date">
3908          5th May 2013
3909       </div>
3910       <div class="body">
3911         <p>When I woke up this morning, I was very happy to see that the
3912 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2013/20130504">release announcement
3913 for Debian Wheezy</a> was waiting in my mail box.  This is a great
3914 Debian release, and I expect to move my machines at home over to it fairly
3915 soon.</p>
3916
3917 <p>The new debian release contain heaps of new stuff, and one program
3918 in particular make me very happy to see included.  The
3919 <a href="http://scratch.mit.edu/">Scratch</a> program, made famous by
3920 the <a href="http://www.code.org/">Teach kids code</a> movement, is
3921 included for the first time.  Alongside similar programs like
3922 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/kturtle/">kturtle</a> and
3923 <a href="http://wiki.sugarlabs.org/go/Activities/Turtle_Art">turtleart</a>,
3924 it allow for visual programming where syntax errors can not happen,
3925 and a friendly programming environment for learning to control the
3926 computer.  Scratch will also be included in the next release of Debian
3927 Edu.</a>
3928
3929 <p>And now that Wheezy is wrapped up, we can wrap up the next Debian
3930 Edu/Skolelinux release too.  The
3931 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/2013/04/msg00132.html">first
3932 alpha release</a> went out last week, and the next should soon
3933 follow.<p>
3934
3935       </div>
3936       <div class="tags">
3937
3938
3939         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3940
3941
3942       </div>
3943     </div>
3944     <div class="padding"></div>
3945
3946     <div class="entry">
3947       <div class="title">
3948         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">First alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
3949       </div>
3950       <div class="date">
3951         26th April 2013
3952       </div>
3953       <div class="body">
3954         <p>The Debian Edu / Skolelinux project is still going strong and made
3955 its first Wheezy based release today.  This is the release
3956 announcement:</p>
3957
3958 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu ~7.0.0 alpha0 released
3959 2013-04-26</strong></p>
3960
3961 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux ~7.0.0
3962 edu alpha0, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
3963
3964 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
3965
3966 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
3967 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
3968 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
3969 network. Immediatly after installation a school server running all
3970 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
3971 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
3972 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
3973 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
3974 installed via the network.</p>
3975
3976 <p>This is the first test release based on Wheezy (which currently is
3977 not released yet). Basically this is an updated and slightly improved
3978 version compared to the Squeeze release.</p>
3979
3980 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
3981
3982 <ul>
3983 <li>Everything which is new in Debian Wheezy, eg:
3984   <ul>
3985      <li>Linux kernel 3.2.x</li>
3986      <li>Desktop environments KDE "Plasma" 4.8.4, GNOME 3.4, and LXDE 4
3987          (KDE is installed by default; to choose GNOME or LXDE: see
3988          manual.)</li>
3989      <li>Web browser Iceweasel 10 ESR</li>
3990      <li>LibreOffice 3.5.4</li>
3991      <li>LTSP 5.4.2</li>
3992      <li>GOsa 2.7.4</li>
3993      <li>CUPS print system 1.5.3</li>
3994      <li>Educational toolbox GCompris 12.01</li>
3995      <li>Music creator Rosegarden 12.04</li>
3996      <li>Image editor Gimp 2.8.2</li>
3997      <li>Virtual universe Celestia 1.6.1</li>
3998      <li>Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.11.3</li>
3999      <li>Scratch visual programming environment 1.4.0.6</li>
4000      <li>New version of debian-installer from Debian Wheezy, see
4001          <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/installmanual">installation
4002          manual</a> for more details.</li>
4003      <li>Debian Wheezy includes about 37000 packages available for
4004          installation.</li>
4005      <li>More information about Debian Wheezy 7.0 is provided in the
4006          <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/releasenotes">release notes</a> and the <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/installmanual">installation manual</a>.</li>
4007   </ul></li>
4008 </ul>
4009
4010 <p><strong>Documentation</strong></p>
4011 <ul>
4012 <li>The (<a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy">English</a>) Debian Edu Wheezy Manual is fully translated to
4013     German, French, Italian and Danish. Partly translated versions exist
4014     for Norwegian Bokmal and Spanish.</li>
4015 </ul>
4016
4017 <p><Strong>LDAP related changes</strong></p>
4018 <ul>
4019 <li>Slight changes to some objects and acls to have more types to
4020     choose from when adding systems in GOsa. Now systems can be of type
4021     server, workstation, printer, terminal or netdevice.</li>
4022 </ul>
4023
4024 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
4025 <ul>
4026 <li>LTSP clients start as diskless workstation / thin client can be
4027     configured via command line argument -- or individually adding an
4028     entry in lts.conf or LDAP.<li>
4029 <li>GOsa gui: Now some options that seemed to be available, but are non
4030     functional, are greyed out (or are not clickable). Some tabs are
4031     completely hidden to the end user, others even to the GOsa admin.</li>
4032 </ul>
4033
4034 <p><strong>Regressions</strong></p>
4035 <ul>
4036 <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv) available
4037     yet.</li>
4038 </ul>
4039
4040 <p><strong>No updated artwork</strong></p>
4041
4042 <ul>
4043 <li>Updated artwork which is visible during installation, in the login
4044     screen and as desktop wallpaper is still missing or the same as we
4045     had for our Squeeze based release.</li>
4046 </ul>
4047
4048 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
4049
4050 To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use
4051 <ul>
4052 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</a></li>
4053 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</a></li>
4054 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</li>
4055 </ul>
4056
4057 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: c5e773ddafdaa4f48c409c682f598b6c</p>
4058
4059 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 25934fabb9b7d20235499a0a51f08ce6c54215f2</p>
4060
4061 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
4062
4063 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
4064
4065       </div>
4066       <div class="tags">
4067
4068
4069         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4070
4071
4072       </div>
4073     </div>
4074     <div class="padding"></div>
4075
4076     <div class="entry">
4077       <div class="title">
4078         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_developer_gathering_in_2013_take_place_in_Trondheim.html">First Debian Edu / Skolelinux developer gathering in 2013 take place in Trondheim</a>
4079       </div>
4080       <div class="date">
4081         16th April 2013
4082       </div>
4083       <div class="body">
4084         <p>This years first <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux /
4085 Debian Edu</a> developer gathering take place the coming weekend in Trondheim.
4086 Details about the gathering can be found
4087 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering/2013-04-19-21-Trondheim">on
4088 the FRiSK wiki</a>.  The dates are 19-21th of April 2013, and online
4089 participation for those unable to make it in person is very welcome,
4090 and I plan to participate online myself as I could not leave Oslo this
4091 weekend.</p>
4092
4093 <p>The focus of the gathering is to work on the web pages and project
4094 infrastructure, and to continue the work on the Wheezy based Debian
4095 Edu release.</p>
4096
4097 <p>See you on <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">IRC, #debian-edu on irc.debian.org,</a> then?</p>
4098
4099       </div>
4100       <div class="tags">
4101
4102
4103         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4104
4105
4106       </div>
4107     </div>
4108     <div class="padding"></div>
4109
4110     <div class="entry">
4111       <div class="title">
4112         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_6_got_a_video_review_from_Pcwizz.html">Skolelinux 6 got a video review from Pcwizz</a>
4113       </div>
4114       <div class="date">
4115         17th March 2013
4116       </div>
4117       <div class="body">
4118         <p>Via
4119 <a href="https://twitter.com/pcwizz/status/313044373262716930">twitter</a>
4120 I just discovered that <a href="http://pcwizz.net/">Pcwizz</a> have
4121 done a <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wPzTZ61Pcuc">video
4122 review</a> on Youtube of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux
4123 / Debian Edu</a> version 6.  He installed the standalone profile and
4124 the video show a walk-through of of the menu content, demonstration of
4125 a few programs and his view of our distribution.</p>
4126
4127 <p>There is also some really nice quotes (transcribed by me, might
4128 have heard wrong).  While looking thought the Graphics menu:</p>
4129
4130 <blockquote>
4131 "Basically everything you ever need in a school environment."
4132 </blockquote>
4133
4134 <p>And as a general evaluation of the entire distribution:</p>
4135
4136 <blockquote>
4137 "So, yeah, a bit bloated.  It kept all the Debian stuff in there, just
4138 to keep it nice and GNU.  So, I do not want to go on about it, but
4139 lets give it 7 out of 10.  I am not going to use it.  That is because
4140 I am not deploying a school network.  There may be some mythical
4141 feature to help you deploy Skolelinux on a school network."
4142 </blockquote>
4143
4144 <p>To bad he did not test the server profile, and discovered the PXE
4145 installation option.  It make it possible to install only the main
4146 server from CD, and the rest of the machines via the net, and might be
4147 considered the mythical feature he talk about. :)</p>
4148
4149 <p>While looking through the menus, there is also this funny comment
4150 about the part of the K menu generated from the Debian menu subsystem:
4151
4152 <blockquote>
4153 "[The K menu] have a special Debian section for software that no-one
4154 is going to look at, because it contain lots of junky stuff that you
4155 actually don't need in the education distribution, but have just been
4156 included because it isn't stripped out for some reason."
4157 </blockquote>
4158
4159 <p>I guess it is yet another argument for merging the Debian menu and
4160 Gnome/KDE desktop menu entries into
4161 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/Proposals/DebianMenuUsingDesktopEntries">one
4162 consistent menu system</a> instead of two incomplete and partly
4163 inconsistent menu systems.</p>
4164
4165 <p>The entire video is available below for those accepting iframe
4166 embedding:</p>
4167
4168 <iframe width="560" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/wPzTZ61Pcuc" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
4169
4170       </div>
4171       <div class="tags">
4172
4173
4174         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
4175
4176
4177       </div>
4178     </div>
4179     <div class="padding"></div>
4180
4181     <div class="entry">
4182       <div class="title">
4183         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_Squeeze_update_released.html">First Skolelinux / Debian Edu Squeeze update released</a>
4184       </div>
4185       <div class="date">
4186          8th March 2013
4187       </div>
4188       <div class="body">
4189         <p>Last Sunday, 2013-03-03,, Holger Levsen announced the first update
4190 of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
4191 based on Debian Squeeze.  This is the first update since
4192 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">the
4193 initial release 2012-03-11</a>.  This is the
4194 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2013/03/msg00000.html">release
4195 announcement email from Holger</a>:</p>
4196
4197 <blockquote><p>Hi,</p>
4198
4199 <p>it's my pleasure to announce the immediate availability of Debian
4200 Edu 6.0.7+r1 ("Debian Edu Squeeze").</p>
4201
4202 <p>Debian Edu 6.0.7+r1 is an incremental update to Debian Edu
4203 6.0.4+r0, containing all the changes between Debian 6.0.4 and 6.0.7 as
4204 well Debian Edu specific bugfixes and enhancements. See below (in this
4205 mail) for the full list of (edu) changes.  Please see
4206 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311">http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311</a>
4207 for more information on "Debian Edu Squeeze".</p>
4208
4209 <p>Images are available for download at
4210 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/</a></p>
4211
4212 <p>md5sums:
4213 <br>1fe79eb4f0f9ae1c58fc318e26cc1e2e  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-CD.iso
4214 <br>a6ddd924a8bd9a1b5ca122e8fe1c34ec  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-DVD.iso
4215 <br>ac6c72cd7925ccec51bfbf58e2a7c69c  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-source-DVD.iso</p>
4216
4217 <p>sha1sums:
4218 <br>a4b58233b672a99c7df8dc24fb6de3327654a5c3  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-CD.iso
4219 <br>9b524915e0ff2aa793f13d93123e5bd2bab2dbaa  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-DVD.iso
4220 <br>43997614893fc5e9e59ad6ce066b05d07fd836fa  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-source-DVD.iso</p>
4221
4222 <p>These images are suitable for amd64+i386.</p>
4223
4224 <p>Changes for Debian Edu 6.0.7+r1 Codename "Squeeze", released
4225 2013-03-03:</p>
4226
4227 <ul>
4228   <li>sitesummary was updated from 0.1.3 to 0.1.8
4229   <ul>
4230         <li>Make Nagios configuration more robust and efficient</li>
4231         <li>Comply with 3.X kernel</li>
4232   </ul></li>
4233   <li>debian-edu-doc from 1.4~20120310~6.0.4+r0 to 1.4~20130228~6.0.7+r1
4234   <ul>
4235         <li>Minor updates from the wiki</li>
4236         <li>Danish translation now complete</li>
4237   </ul></li>
4238   <li>debian-edu-config from 1.453 to 1.455
4239      <ul>
4240         <li>Fix /etc/hosts for LTSP diskless workstations. Closes: #699880</li>
4241         <li>Make ltsp_local_mount script work for multiple devices.</li>
4242         <li>Correct Kerberos user policy: don't expire password after 2 days.
4243                 Closes: #664596</li>
4244         <li>Handle '#' characters in the root or first users password.
4245                 Closes: #664976</li>
4246         <li>Fixes for gosa-sync:
4247            <ul>
4248                 <li>Don't fail if password contains "</li>
4249                 <li>Don't disclose new password string in syslog</li>
4250            </ul></li>
4251         <li>Fixes for gosa-create:
4252            <ul>
4253                 <li>Invalidate libnss cache before applying changes</li>
4254                 <li>Multiple failures during mass user import into GOsa²</li>
4255                 <li>gosa-netgroups plugin: don't erase entries of attribute type
4256                          "memberNisNetgroup". Closes: #687256</li>
4257                 <li>First user now uses the same Kerberos policy as all other users</li>
4258            </ul></li>
4259         <li>Add Danish web page</li>
4260     </ul>
4261   <li>debian-edu-install from 1.528 to 1.530
4262     <ul>
4263         <li>Improve preseeding support and documentation</li>
4264     </ul></li>
4265 </ul>
4266
4267 <p>End-user documentation in English is available at
4268 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/</a>
4269 - translations to French, Italian, Danish and German are available in
4270 the debian-edu-doc package. (Other languages could use your help!)</p>
4271
4272 <p>If you want to contribute to Debian Edu, please join our
4273 mailinglist
4274 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@lists.debian.org</a>!
4275 </p></blockquote>
4276
4277 <p>I am very happy to see the fruits of a year of hard work. :)</p>
4278
4279       </div>
4280       <div class="tags">
4281
4282
4283         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4284
4285
4286       </div>
4287     </div>
4288     <div class="padding"></div>
4289
4290     <div class="entry">
4291       <div class="title">
4292         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Helge_Tore_H_yland.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Helge Tore Høyland</a>
4293       </div>
4294       <div class="date">
4295         22nd February 2013
4296       </div>
4297       <div class="body">
4298         <p>Etter en lang pause og travle uker har jeg endelig klart å få
4299 samlet et nytt intervju med en av folkene i
4300 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet.
4301 Denne gang er det Helge Tore Høyland, en mangeårig bidragsyter på
4302 epostlistene og ellers i prosjektet.</p>
4303
4304 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
4305
4306 <p>Eg er IT-konsulent/teknikker hjå eit firma i Steinkjer med navn
4307 <a href="http://unoit.no/">Uno IT</a>.  Uno IT er eit lite firma som
4308 drifter nettverk og maskiner for små og mellomstore firma
4309 Steinkjer-området. Per dags dato er me 2 ansatte. Min faglege bakgrunn
4310 er Fagbrev som it-teknikker, samt nokre fag innen nettverk- og
4311 server-drift frå HiST og NTNU. Dagleg arbeid består i oppsett av nye
4312 maskiner og hjelp til sluttbrukere, samt oppsett og vedlikehold av eit
4313 vidt spekter av fagsystemer ute hjå kunder. Erfaring med Skolelinux
4314 har eg hatt i forbindelse med drifting av
4315 <a href="http://www.bjorkly.no/">Bjørkly skule</a>, ein privat
4316 grunnskule i Namsos-området.  I dag har skulen 65 elever, 15 lærere, 1
4317 hovedserver og ca 60 klienter som kjører halvtjukt.  Eg har bygd og
4318 driftet systemet sidan summaren 2006.</p>
4319
4320 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
4321
4322 <p>Eg kom i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet via ein artikkel i eit
4323 fagblad, som eg ikkje lenger hugsar namnet på.  I og med at eg allereie
4324 hadde pusla med nettverk for ein annan skule, fatta eg straks
4325 interesse for prosjektet.</p>
4326
4327 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
4328
4329 <p>Fordelane med Skolelinux er sentralisert administrasjon og svært
4330 mange gode verktøy «ut av boksen». Veldig kjekt å kunne drifte 60
4331 klientar med berre å «bry» seg med ein server. Levetid for systemets
4332 hardware er og ein veldig fin effekt. I tillegg kjem fordelar som økt
4333 sikkerhet og mindre lisenskostnader. Etter min erfaring er det og
4334 mykje mindre driftskostnader med eit slikt system enn konkurrerande
4335 system, pga enkelhet med sentralisert administrasjon. På grunn av at
4336 Skolelinux er basert på Debian er det òg svært stabilt.</p>
4337
4338 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
4339
4340 <p>Ulemper er mangel på vilje til å følge standarer ute i markedet,
4341 som fører til mangel på støtte til nokre mykje brukte ting. Flash og
4342 Java er typiske eksempel. Sidan Debian satsar på stabilitet framfor å
4343 ha nyeste pakke av eit program, kan ein i nokre tilfeller kome borti
4344 at program vert «for gamle». Det er spesielt nettlesaren som er
4345 utsett. Mangel på vilje til å utvikle pedagogisk programvare, i Noreg,
4346 for «alle» platformer fører òg til noko hovudbry.</p>
4347
4348 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
4349
4350 <p>Til dagleg bruker eg svært mange forskjellige «fri programvare»
4351 program.  Firefox, Thunderbird, Freecommander, ImgBurn, Clonezilla,
4352 OCS inventory, Icinga, Skolelinux, SystemRescueCD og mykje meir.</p>
4353
4354 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
4355 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
4356
4357 <p>Strategisk må ein fokusere på at sluttbruker eigentleg ikkje er så
4358 fokusert på at det er fri programvare men at det skal «berre fungere».
4359 Gjer det enkelt å bruker og ikkje minst å administrere. For Skolelinux
4360 sin del må ein få eit betre fokus på overganger. Utbytting av servere
4361 må gå meir automatisk, import og eksport av brukerbase og maskinbase
4362 med meir må kunne gå enkelt og oppgradering til neste versjon må bli
4363 mykje meir automatisk og gjennomtesta. Ein må unngå at ein må sette
4364 opp frå start når ein byter ut ein server eller oppgraderer til neste
4365 versjon. For å få Skolelinux til å bli eit betre alternativ for skular
4366 må ein ha fokus på nettlesaren. Denne må bli «up to date» og støtte
4367 dei protokollar og tillegg som vert brukt av forlag med meir.  Etter
4368 kvart som meir og meir blir flytta ut i «skya» vert dette viktigare og
4369 viktigare. Ein kunne ynskje og jobbe for at forlag med fleire tar i
4370 bruk opne standarer, men inntil det skjer, må systemet kunne brukast
4371 mot desse fagsystema.</p>
4372
4373 <p>For meg har prosjektet med Skolelinux vore ein svært artig og
4374 lærerik prosess. Miljøet rundt er ikkje enormt stort, dog stort nok,
4375 men det er svært hjelpevillig og engasjert.</p>
4376
4377       </div>
4378       <div class="tags">
4379
4380
4381         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4382
4383
4384       </div>
4385     </div>
4386     <div class="padding"></div>
4387
4388     <div class="entry">
4389       <div class="title">
4390         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_Christmas_present_for_Skolelinux___Debian_Edu.html">A Christmas present for Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
4391       </div>
4392       <div class="date">
4393         28th December 2012
4394       </div>
4395       <div class="body">
4396         <p>I was happy to discover a few days ago that the
4397 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
4398 project also this year received a Christmas present from Another
4399 Agency in Trondheim.  NOK 1000,- showed up on our donation account
4400 December 24th.  I want to express our thanks for this very welcome
4401 present.  As the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project is very short on
4402 funding these days, and thus lack the money to do regular developer
4403 gatherings, this donation was most welcome.  One developer gathering
4404 cost around NOK 15&nbsp;000,-, so we need quite a lot more to keep the
4405 development pace we want.  Thus, I hope their example this year is
4406 followed by many others. :)</p>
4407
4408 <p>The public list of donors can be found on
4409 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/donations.html">the
4410 donation page</a> for the project, which also contain instructions if
4411 you want to donate to the project.</p>
4412
4413       </div>
4414       <div class="tags">
4415
4416
4417         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4418
4419
4420       </div>
4421     </div>
4422     <div class="padding"></div>
4423
4424     <div class="entry">
4425       <div class="title">
4426         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ledger___double_entry_accounting_using_text_based_storage_format.html">Ledger - double-entry accounting using text based storage format</a>
4427       </div>
4428       <div class="date">
4429         18th December 2012
4430       </div>
4431       <div class="body">
4432         <p>A few days ago I came across
4433 <a href="http://joeyh.name/blog/entry/hledger/">a blog post from Joey
4434 Hess</a> describing <a href="http://ledger-cli.org/">ledger</a> and
4435 hledger, a text based system for double-entry accounting.  I found it
4436 interesting, as I am involved with several organizations where
4437 accounting is an issue, and I have not really become too friendly with
4438 the different web based systems we use.  I find it hard to find what I
4439 look for in the menus and even harder try to get sensible data out of
4440 the systems.  Ledger seem different.  The accounting data is kept in
4441 text files that can be stored in a version control system, and there
4442
4443 are at least <a href="https://github.com/ledger/ledger/wiki/Ports">five
4444 different implementations</a> able to read the format.  An example
4445 entry look like this, and is simple enough that it will be trivial to
4446 generate entries based on CVS files fetched from the bank:</p>
4447
4448 <blockquote><pre>
4449 2004-05-27 Book Store
4450       Expenses:Books                 $20.00
4451       Liabilities:Visa
4452 </pre></blockquote>
4453
4454 <p>The concept seemed interesting enough for me to check it out and
4455 look for others using it.  I found blog posts from
4456 <a href="http://blog.spang.cc/posts/hledger_rocks_my_world/">Christine
4457 Spang</a>,
4458 <a href="http://bugsplat.info/2010-05-23-keeping-finances-with-ledger.html">Pete
4459 Keen</a>,
4460 <a href="http://blog.andrewcantino.com/blog/2010/11/06/command-line-accounting-with-ledger-and-reckon/">Andrew
4461 Cantino</a> and
4462 <a href="http://blog.iphoting.com/blog/2012/11/29/command-line-double-entry-accounting/">Ronald
4463 Ip</a> describing how they use it, as well as a post from
4464 <a href="https://groups.google.com/forum/?fromgroups=#!topic/ledger-cli/r0oWjwbQ9Bo">Bradley
4465 M. Kuhn</a> at the Software Freedom Conservancy.  All seemed like good
4466 recommendations fitting my need.</p>
4467
4468 <p>The <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/l/ledger.html">ledger</a>
4469 package is available in Debian Squeeze, while the
4470 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/h/haskell-hledger.html">hledger</a>
4471 package only is available in Debian Sid.  As I use Squeeze, ledger
4472 seemed the best choice to get started.</p>
4473
4474 <p>To get some real data to test on, I wrote a
4475 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/tools/lodo2ledger">web scraper</a> for
4476 <a href="http://www.lodo.no/">LODO</a>, the accounting system used by
4477 the <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">NUUG</a> association, and started to
4478 play with the data set.  I'm not really deeply into accounting, but I
4479 am able to get a simple balance and accounting status for example
4480 using the "<tt>ledger balance</tt>" command.  But I will have to
4481 gather more experience before I know if the ledger way is a good fit
4482 for the organisations I am involved in.</p>
4483
4484       </div>
4485       <div class="tags">
4486
4487
4488         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
4489
4490
4491       </div>
4492     </div>
4493     <div class="padding"></div>
4494
4495     <div class="entry">
4496       <div class="title">
4497         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Angela_Fu_.html">Debian Edu interview: Angela Fuß</a>
4498       </div>
4499       <div class="date">
4500         14th November 2012
4501       </div>
4502       <div class="body">
4503         <p>Here is another interview with one of the people in the <a
4504 href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
4505 community.  I am running short on people willing to be interviewed, so
4506 if you know about someone I should interview, Please send me an email.
4507 After asking for many months, I finally managed to lure another one of
4508 the people behind the German
4509 "<a href="http://wiki.it-zukunft-schule.de/">IT-Zukunft Schule</a>"
4510 project out from maternity leave to conduct an interview.  Give a warm
4511 welcome to Angela Fuß. :)</p>
4512
4513 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4514
4515 <p>I am a 39-year-old woman living in the very north of Germany near
4516 Denmark. I live in a patchwork family with "my man" Mike Gabriel, my
4517 two daughters, Mikes daughter and Mikes and my rather newborn son.
4518
4519 <p>At the moment - because of our little baby - I am spending most of
4520 the day by being a caring and organising mom for all the kids.
4521 Besides that I am really involved into and occupied with several inner
4522 growth processes: New born souls always bring the whole familiar
4523 system into movement and that needs time and focus ;-).  We are also
4524 in the middle of buying a house and moving to it.</p>
4525
4526 <p>In 2013 I will work again in my job in a German foundation for
4527 nature conservation. I am doing public relation work there.  Besides
4528 that - and that is the connection to Skolelinux / Debian Edu - I am
4529 working in our own school project "IT-Zukunft Schule" in North
4530 Germany. I am responsible for the quality assurance, the customer
4531 relationship management and the communication processes in the
4532 project.</p>
4533
4534 <p>Since 2001 I constantly have been training myself in communication
4535 and leadership. Besides that I am a forester, a landscaping gardener
4536 and a yoga teacher.</p>
4537
4538 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
4539 project?</strong></p>
4540
4541 <p>I fell in love with Mike ;-).</p>
4542
4543 <p>Very soon after getting to know him I was completely enrolled into
4544 Free Software.  At this time Mike did IT-services for one newly
4545 founded school in Kiel. Other schools in Kiel needed concepts for
4546 their IT environment.  Often when Mike came home from working at the
4547 newly founded school I found myself listening to his complaints about
4548 several points where the communication with the schools head or the
4549 teachers did not work.  So we were clear that he would not work for
4550 one more school if we did not set up a structure for communication
4551 between him, the schools head, the teachers, the students and the
4552 parents.</p>
4553
4554 <p>Together with our friend and hardware supplier Andreas Buchholz we
4555 started to get an overview of free software solutions suitable for
4556 schools. One day before Christmas 2010 Mike and I had a date with Kurt
4557 Gramlich in Gütersloh. As Kurt and I are really interested in building
4558 networks of people and in being in communication we dived into
4559 Skolelinux and brought it to the first grammar schools in Northern
4560 Germany.</p>
4561
4562 <p>For information about our school project you can read
4563 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Mike_Gabriel.html">the
4564 interview with Mike Gabriel</a>.</p>
4565
4566 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
4567 Edu?</strong></p>
4568
4569 <p>First I have to say: I cannot answer this question technically. My
4570 answer comes rather from a social point of view.</p>
4571
4572 <p>The biggest advantage of Skolelinux / Debian Edu I see is the large
4573 and strong international community of Debian Developers in the
4574 background which is very alive and connected over mailinglists, blogs
4575 and meetings. My constant feeling for the Debian Community is: If
4576 something does not work they will somehow fix it. All is well
4577 ;-). This is of course a user experience.  What I also get as a big
4578 advantage of Skolelinux / Debian Edu is that everybody who uses it and
4579 works with it can also contribute to it - that includes students,
4580 teachers, parents...</p>
4581
4582 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
4583 Edu?</strong></p>
4584
4585 <p>I will answer this question relating to the internal structure of
4586 Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
4587
4588 <p>What I see as a major disadvantage is that there is a gap between
4589 the group of developers for Debian Edu and the people who make the
4590 marketing, that means the people that bring Skolelinux to the
4591 schools. There is a lack of communication between these two groups and
4592 I think that does not really work for Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
4593
4594 <p>Further I appreciate that Skolelinux / Debian Edu is known as a
4595 do-ocracy. Nevertheless I keep asking myself if at some points a
4596 democracy or some kind of hierarchical project structure would be good
4597 and helpful.  I am also missing some kind of contact between the
4598 Skolelinux / Debian Edu communities in Europe or on an international
4599 level. I think it would be good if there was more sharing between the
4600 different countries using Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
4601
4602 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4603
4604 <p>On my laptop I am still using an Ubuntu 10.04 with a Gnome Desktop
4605 on.  As applications I use Openoffice.org, Gedit, Firefox, Pidgin,
4606 LaTeX and GnuCash. For mails I am using Horde. And I am really fond of
4607 my N900 running with Maemo.</p>
4608
4609 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4610 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4611
4612 <p>I am really convinced that in our school project "IT-Zukunft
4613 Schule" we have developed (and keep developing) a great way to get
4614 schools to use Free Software. We have written a detailed concept for
4615 that so I cannot explain the whole thing here. But in a nutshell the
4616 strategy has three crucial pillars:</p>
4617
4618 <ul>
4619
4620 <li>We really take time to get what sort of stories, questions and
4621 concerns the schools head and the teachers have about using different
4622 kinds of IT and we take time to enrol them into Free Software.</li>
4623
4624 <li>Our solution for schools is never just technical. In the centre
4625 are always the people who are going to use the software. From the very
4626 beginning of the planning for a school, we tell the schools head that
4627 they are paying us not only for a technical solution for their school,
4628 they also pay us for leading all the communication processes
4629 needed. If they do not want that, we are not working with them because
4630 we cannot give a guarantee for the quality of our work then.</li>
4631
4632 <li>Another focus lies in the training of teachers and students in
4633 co-administrating the IT-System at their school. They start getting in
4634 contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu community and they get the
4635 offer to become more and more independent from us.</li>
4636
4637 </ul>
4638
4639       </div>
4640       <div class="tags">
4641
4642
4643         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4644
4645
4646       </div>
4647     </div>
4648     <div class="padding"></div>
4649
4650     <div class="entry">
4651       <div class="title">
4652         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_noe_for_Ballangen___Leserinnlegg_til_avisen_Fremover_.html">Skolelinux noe for Ballangen? (Leserinnlegg til avisen Fremover)</a>
4653       </div>
4654       <div class="date">
4655         14th October 2012
4656       </div>
4657       <div class="body">
4658         <p>Tirsdag 2012-10-09 sendte jeg følgende leserinnlegg til avisen
4659 <a href="http://www.fremover.no/">Fremover</a>, etter å ha vært nordpå
4660 noen dager og lest noen gamle aviser.  Publiserer den her i sin helhet
4661 for fremtidig referanse.  Fremover publiserer dessverre ikke
4662 leserinnlegg på nett.</p>
4663
4664 <blockquote>
4665 <p>To: redaksjon (at) fremover.no
4666 <br>Subject: Leserinnlegg til Fremover: Skolelinux noe for Ballangen?</p>
4667
4668 <p>Ærede redaktør</p>
4669
4670 <p>I sommer (2012-07-23) hadde Fremover et oppslag om at Narvik
4671 kommune hadde spart mellom 10 og 20 millioner kroner de siste årene på
4672 å bruke Skolelinux på sine skoler.  Harstad har også tatt i bruk
4673 Skolelinux på alle sine skoler.  Som tidligere Ballangsværing gledet
4674 det meg stort å se at skoleløsningen vi har utviklet siden 2001 tas i
4675 bruk i området der jeg vokste opp, og dermed bidrar til en bedre og
4676 billigere skolehverdag.</p>
4677
4678 <p>Skolelinux er en komplett IT-løsning for elevnettverket på en
4679 skole, med både nettverkstjenester og løsning for elevmaskiner med
4680 pedagogisk programvare, som tillater en å øke levetiden på en
4681 datamaskin i skolen med mange år.  En undersøkelse publisert i mars
4682 2012 viste at de 56 norske skolene som har offentliggjort at de bruker
4683 Skolelinux eller annen Linuxutgave hadde 36% større PC-tetthet enn
4684 landsgjennomsnittet, når en ser på tall rapportert til Grunnskolens
4685 Informasjonssystem.  I følge Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken, IKT-konsulent i
4686 Nord-Odal, fungerer datamaskiner godt til de er 8 til 10 år gamle.</p>
4687
4688 <p>I høst (2012-09-29) fortalte Fremover hvordan Ballangen kommune har
4689 opparbeidet seg 20 millioner i underskudd og nok havner på Robek-lista
4690 fra nyttår.  Kanskje Ballangen også burde ta i bruk Skolelinux for å
4691 spare penger?  Hvis kommunen mangler kompetanse lokalt på Linux finnes
4692 det kommersielle selskaper som tilbyr driftstjenester rundt
4693 Skolelinux, og jeg bør vel avsløre at jeg selv er involvert i et av
4694 dem, Skolelinux Drift AS.  Kommunen kan dermed få hjelp hvis de ikke
4695 ønsker å bygge opp egen kompetanse.</p>
4696
4697 <p>Vennlig hilsen
4698 <br>Petter Reinholdtsen
4699 <br>Fri programvareutvikler</p>
4700
4701 <p>Referanser:</p>
4702
4703 <ul>
4704
4705 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html</a></li>
4706 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html</a></li>
4707
4708 </ul>
4709
4710 </blockquote>
4711
4712 <p>Innlegget ble så vidt jeg vet trykket i papirutgaven et par dager
4713 senere, men jeg har ikke sett det selv.</p>
4714
4715       </div>
4716       <div class="tags">
4717
4718
4719         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4720
4721
4722       </div>
4723     </div>
4724     <div class="padding"></div>
4725
4726     <div class="entry">
4727       <div class="title">
4728         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Trengs_flere_frivillige_til_korrektur_av_den_frie_norske_stavekontrollen.html">Trengs flere frivillige til korrektur av den frie norske stavekontrollen</a>
4729       </div>
4730       <div class="date">
4731         13th October 2012
4732       </div>
4733       <div class="body">
4734         <p><a href="http://no.speling.org/">Den frie norske stavekontrollen</a>
4735 består av ca. 1,3 millioner bokmåls- og nynorskord.  Det er mange
4736 kilder til ordene, f.eks. den norske ordbanken, norske nett-aviser,
4737 stavekontrollbrukere og korrekturlesere, og endel feil har sneket seg
4738 inn i databasen over ord.  For å finne og fikse feilene trengs det
4739 korrekturlesing.  Her kommer frivillige inn.</p>
4740
4741 <p>Hvis du vil bidra med korrektur av orddatabasen, kan du melde deg
4742 frivillig som bokmåls- eller nynorskkorrekturleser og få tilsendt en
4743 liten bunke ord på epost hver dag, lese over og sende inn på epost
4744 tilbake til korrekturlesing-systemet.  Jo flere som sjekker, jo
4745 raskere kommer vi igjennom hele databasen.  Så langt har vi oppdaget
4746 341 bokmålsord og 50 nynorskord som ikke skal vært med i databasen.
4747 Det er nok noen flere.  I tillegg har korrekturleserne oppdaget flere
4748 ord som manglet, og fått lagt dem inn i stavekontrollen.</p>
4749
4750 <p>Hvis du vil bidra, følg instruksene på
4751 <a href="http://no.speling.org/dokumentasjon.html">prosjektsidene</a>
4752
4753 for nye bidragsytere, og ta kontakt med Håvard eller epostlisten
4754 <a href="https://lister.ping.uio.no/mailman/listinfo/i18n-no">i18n-no</a>.
4755 Gode norskkunnskaper er en fordel, og vilje til å sjekke
4756 <a href="http://www.nob-ordbok.uio.no/perl/ordbok.cgi">ordboka</a> et
4757 krav!</p>
4758
4759       </div>
4760       <div class="tags">
4761
4762
4763         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
4764
4765
4766       </div>
4767     </div>
4768     <div class="padding"></div>
4769
4770     <div class="entry">
4771       <div class="title">
4772         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ny_utgave__v2_1__av_den_frie_norske_stavekontrollen_gitt_ut.html">Ny utgave (v2.1) av den frie norske stavekontrollen gitt ut</a>
4773       </div>
4774       <div class="date">
4775          2nd October 2012
4776       </div>
4777       <div class="body">
4778         <p>I helga fikk jeg endelig pakket sammen en ny versjon av den norske
4779 stavekontrollen, og gikk ut versjon 2.1 etter at det var gått fire og
4780 et halvt år siden sist.  I dag fikk vi sendt ut annonseringen.  Her er
4781 det vi sendte ut:</p>
4782
4783 <p>Oslo, 2012-10-02</p>
4784
4785 <p><strong>Pressemelding: Ny utgave av norsk stavekontroll med
4786 synonymordliste</strong></p>
4787
4788 <p>Mer enn fire år etter at forrige utgave av den frie norske
4789 stavekontrollen ble utgitt, er en ny og forbedret versjon klar. Dette er
4790 noe utviklerne er veldig glade for.</p>
4791
4792 <p>Den største endringen er at byggesystemet for stavekontrollen er
4793 skrevet om til å akseptere ord med bindestrek (f.eks. «e-post»). Litt
4794 over 10.000 slike ordformer er lagt til i orddatabasen. I tillegg er
4795 det kommet en del nye ord og rettelser rapportert inn av de frivillige
4796 som gjennomfører korrektur av orddatabasen i prosjektet. For å få
4797 fortgang i dette korrekturarbeidet er det fint med flere frivillige
4798 som kan bidra i prosjektet.</p>
4799
4800 <p><blockquote>
4801  - En god og fritt tilgjengelig stavekontroll er en viktig byggestein
4802    for å fremme bruken av korrekt norsk språk, sier prosjektdeltager
4803    Petter Reinholdtsen.
4804 </blockquote></p>
4805
4806 <p>Takket være samarbeidet med synonymordlisteprosjektet er
4807 synonymordlista for bokmål tilgjengelig sammen med ordlista for bokmål
4808 og nynorsk. En synonymordliste for nynorsk er også med, men den er på
4809 prøvestadiet og meget liten.</p>
4810
4811 <p>Stavekontrollpakken og synonymordlistene brukes i
4812 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org, Koffice, Mozilla Thunderbird, Firefox og
4813 en rekke andre programmer, og på både Windows, Mac OS X, Linux og
4814 BSD.</p>
4815
4816 <p>Det hele utgis under den frie lisensen GPL og kan fritt lastes ned
4817 fra prosjektsidene på
4818 <a href="http://no.speling.org">no.speling.org</a>. Ferdige pakker for
4819 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org er også tilgjengelige fra samme sted.</p>
4820
4821 <p>Det norske stavekontrollprosjektet er i kontakt med lignende
4822 prosjekter for blant annet å forbedre stavekontrollteknologien, å
4823 utveksle verktøy for vedlikehold av orddatabasen og å få tilgang til
4824 relevante datasett. Et av disse prosjektene er et separat prosjekt ved
4825 Sametinget som er i gang med å utvikle samisk stavekontroll for blant
4826 annet Microsoft Word og OpenOffice.org.</p>
4827
4828 <p>Et søsterprosjekt for å lage grammatikk-kontroll for
4829 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org er igangsatt, men har ennå ikke kommet
4830 langt nok til å brukes. Frivillige til å bidra i dette prosjektet er
4831 også svært velkomne.</p>
4832
4833 <p><strong>Kontaktperson</strong></p>
4834
4835 <p><blockquote>
4836 Axel Bojer, prosjektdeltager
4837 <br>E-post: fri_programvare (at) bojer.no
4838 <br>Tlf: +47 954 32 417
4839 </blockquote></p>
4840
4841 <p><strong>Referanser</strong></p>
4842
4843 <ul>
4844
4845 <li>Det frie norske stavekontrollprosjektet for bokmål og nynorsk:
4846     <a href="http://no.speling.org">http://no.speling.org</a></li>
4847 <li>Samiske korrekturverktøy:
4848     <a href="http://divvun.no/">http://divvun.no/</a></li>
4849 <li>Ordlistene fra Norsk ordbank:
4850     <a href="http://www.edd.uio.no/prosjekt/ordbanken/">http://www.edd.uio.no/prosjekt/ordbanken/</a></li>
4851 <li>Last ned ordlistene:
4852     <a href="http://alioth.debian.org/frs/?group_id=30577">http://alioth.debian.org/frs/?group_id=30577</a>
4853     (PS: no_NO-pack2 for OOo 2.x))</li>
4854 </ul>
4855
4856 <p><strong>Fra NEWS-fila i kildekodepakken</strong></p>
4857
4858 <p>Release 2.1 (2012-09-30)</p>
4859
4860 <ul>
4861
4862 <li>Switch to new version scheme. Make new version 2.1, not 2.0.11. We do not
4863     release often enough to justify three digits.</li>
4864 <li>Switch build rules to build OOo v2 thesaurus files, as the v1 build rules
4865     no longer work. This require the libmythes-dev package on Debian.</li>
4866 <li>Introduce new Makefile variables hyphendir and thesdir to make it easier to
4867     control where to install these.</li>
4868 <li>Change script used to import from no.speling.org, to load new word
4869     boundaries if at least two people believed the boundaries was correct.</li>
4870 <li>Added word boundaries for several words (around 500 words) using the
4871     updated script.</li>
4872 <li>Imported thesarus for bokmål from synonymer.merg.net.</li>
4873 <li>Rewrote build rules to use = instead of - as combined word marker, thus
4874     allowing words like e-post.</li>
4875 <li>Imported a lot (around 10k words) of new words with dash (-) in them from
4876     no.speling.org now that it is handled by the build system.</li>
4877 </ul>
4878
4879       </div>
4880       <div class="tags">
4881
4882
4883         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
4884
4885
4886       </div>
4887     </div>
4888     <div class="padding"></div>
4889
4890     <div class="entry">
4891       <div class="title">
4892         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Giorgio_Pioda.html">Debian Edu interview: Giorgio Pioda</a>
4893       </div>
4894       <div class="date">
4895         17th September 2012
4896       </div>
4897       <div class="body">
4898         <p>After a long break in my row of interviews with people in the
4899 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
4900 community, I finally found time to wrap up another.  This time it is
4901 Giorgio Pioda, which showed up on the mailing list at the start of
4902 this year, asking questions and inspiring us to improve the first time
4903 administrators experience with Skolelinux. :) The interview was
4904 conduced in May, but I only found time to publish it now.</p>
4905
4906 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4907
4908 <p>I have a PhD in chemistry but since several years I work as teacher
4909 in secondary (15-18 year old students) and tertiary (a kind of "light"
4910 university) schools. Five years ago I started to manage a Learning
4911 Management Service server and slowly I got more and more involved with
4912 IT. 3 years ago the graduating schools moved completely to Linux and I
4913 got the head of the IT for this. The experience collected in chemistry
4914 labs computers (for example NMR analysis of protein folding) and in
4915 the IT-courses during university where sufficient to start. Self
4916 training is anyway very important</p>
4917
4918 <p>I live in the Italian speaking part of Switzerland, and the
4919 <a href="http://www.spse.ch/">SPSE school</a> (secondary) is a very
4920 special sport school for young people who try to became sport pro (for
4921 all sports, we have dozens of disciplines represented) and we are
4922 recognised by the Olympic Swiss Organisation.
4923
4924 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
4925 project?</strong></p>
4926
4927 <p>Looking for Linux / Primary Domain Controller (PDC) I found it
4928 already several years ago. But since the system was still not
4929 Kerberized and since our schools relies strongly on laptops I didn't
4930 use it. I plan to introduce it in the next future, probably for the
4931 next school year, since the squeeze release solved this security
4932 hole.</p>
4933
4934 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4935 Edu?</strong></p>
4936
4937 <p>Many. First of all there is a strong and living community that is
4938 very generous for help and hints.  Chat help is crucial, together with
4939 the mailing list.  Second. With Skolelinux you get an already well
4940 engineered platform and you don't have to start to build up your PDC
4941 and your clients from GNU/scratch; I've already done this once and I
4942 can tell it, it is hard. Third, since Skolelinux is a standard
4943 platform, it is way easier to educate other IT people and even if the
4944 head IT is sick another one could pick up the task without too much
4945 hassle.</p>
4946
4947 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4948 Edu?</strong></p>
4949
4950 <p>The only real problem I see is that it is a little too less
4951 flexible at client level. Debian stable is rocky and desirable, but
4952 there are many reasons that force for another choice. For example the
4953 need of new drivers for new PC, or the need for a specific OS for some
4954 devices that have specific software packages for another specific
4955 distribution (I have such a case for whiteboards that have only
4956 Ubuntu packages). Thus, I prepared compatibility packages educlient
4957 and eduroaming, hoping not to use them ;-)</p>
4958
4959 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4960
4961 <p>I have a Debian Stable PDC at school (Kerberos, NIS, NFS) with
4962 mixed Debian and Ubuntu clients. If you think that this triad
4963 combination is exotic... well I discovered right yesterday that
4964 <a href="http://moo.nac.uci.edu/~hjm/Perceus-Report.html">Perceus</a>
4965 has the same...</p>
4966
4967 <p>For myself I run Debian wheezy/sid, but this combination is good
4968 only I you have enough competence to fix stuff for yourself, if
4969 something breaks.  Daily I use texmacs, gnumeric, a little bit of R
4970 statistics, kmplot, and less frequently OpenOffice.org.</p>
4971
4972 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4973 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4974
4975 <P>I think that the only real argument that school managers "hear" is
4976 cost reduction. They don't give too much weight on quality, stability,
4977 just because they are normally not open to change.</p>
4978
4979 <p>Students adapts very quickly to GNU/Linux (and for them being able
4980 to switch between different OS is a plus value); teachers and managers
4981 don't.</p>
4982
4983 <p>We decided to move to Linux because students at our school have own
4984 laptop and we have the responsibility to keep the laptop ready to use;
4985 we were really unsatisfied with Microsoft since every Monday we had 20
4986 machine to fix for viral infections... With Linux this has been
4987 reduced to zero, since people installs almost only from official
4988 repositories. I think that our special needs brought us to Linux.
4989 Those who don't have such needs will hardly move to Linux.</p>
4990
4991       </div>
4992       <div class="tags">
4993
4994
4995         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4996
4997
4998       </div>
4999     </div>
5000     <div class="padding"></div>
5001
5002     <div class="entry">
5003       <div class="title">
5004         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">Gladoppslag om Skolelinux i avisen Fremover</a>
5005       </div>
5006       <div class="date">
5007         15th August 2012
5008       </div>
5009       <div class="body">
5010         <p>I sommer hadde avisen <a href="http://www.fremover.no/">Fremover</a>
5011 et flott oppslag om bruken av
5012 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> på alle skolene
5013 der.  Artikkelen var på trykk på side 4 og 5 i papirutgaven
5014 2012-07-23, men mangler dessverre i nettutgaven av avisen.  Mine
5015 henvendelser til avisen for å få artikkelen på nett har så langt ikke
5016 vært vellykket.</p>
5017
5018 <p>Artikkelen med tittelen "Narvik kommune bruker gratisprogram i
5019 skolen - Har spart millioner", forteller om hvordan bruken av
5020 Skolelinux er en stor suksess i Narvik siden det ble tatt i bruk i
5021 2004.  Her er noen fine sitater:</p>
5022
5023 <blockquote>
5024 "- Skolelinux har spart kommunen for store pengesummer, millionbeløp,
5025   som de heller kan bruke på andre ting, sier IKT-konsulent Viggo
5026   Fedreheim."
5027 </blockquote>
5028
5029 <p>Avisen forteller at de har fått tilgang til beregninger som viser
5030 at Narvik kommune har spart noe mellom 10 og 20 millioner kroner de
5031 siste 8 årene på å bruke Skolelinux, og fortsetter:</p>
5032
5033 <blockquote>
5034
5035 "Regnestykket tar høyde for sparte kostnader til lisenser som medfølger
5036 de alternative operativsystemene, lavere driftskostnader og lengre
5037 levetid på datautstyret.  Totalt har Narvikskolen en maskinpark på
5038 1600 maskiner fordelt på de 11 skolene fra Skjomen i sør til Bjerkvik
5039 i nord."
5040
5041 </blockquote>
5042
5043 <p>Viggo Fedreheim sier dette om hvor noe av gevinsten kommer fra:</p>
5044
5045 <blockquote>
5046 "- Vi kan gjenbruke gamle maskiner i skolen som er for dårlig andre
5047   steder i kommunen der de ikke bruker Skolelinux.  Levetiden på en
5048   datamaskin blir 3-5 år lenger med Skolelinux.  Vi kaller det for
5049   grønn IT, miljøvennlig IT."
5050 </blockquote>
5051
5052 <p>Her er det mulighet for flere kommuner å få et godt IT-system på
5053 skolene, hvis de er villige til å forsøke.  De som ikke har kompetanse
5054 innomhus kan kjøpe det fra en av de kommersielle leverandørene av
5055 Skolelinux-tjenester, som <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux
5056 Drift AS</a> (der jeg er styremedlem).  Komplett liste er tilgjengelig
5057 via
5058 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Help/ProfessionalHelp">wikien</a>.</p>
5059
5060 <p>Update 2012-08-16: Today I was allowed by Fremover to put the PDF I
5061 received from them with a copy of the article on the Internet.  It is
5062 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/2012-07-23-fremover-narvik.pdf">now
5063 available</a> in the Skolelinux press archive.</p>
5064
5065       </div>
5066       <div class="tags">
5067
5068
5069         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5070
5071
5072       </div>
5073     </div>
5074     <div class="padding"></div>
5075
5076     <div class="entry">
5077       <div class="title">
5078         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Tips_for___bli_med_i_Skolelinux_prosjektet__som_faktisk_er_aktivt_.html">Tips for å bli med i Skolelinux-prosjektet (som faktisk er aktivt)</a>
5079       </div>
5080       <div class="date">
5081         19th July 2012
5082       </div>
5083       <div class="body">
5084         <p>Jeg fikk nettopp spørsmål på epost om Skolelinux-prosjektet lever
5085 fra en som var interessert i å bidra, og måtte jo konstatere at i og
5086 med at spørsmålet ble stilt har prosjektet ikke lyktes med å formidle
5087 sin aktivitet.  Her er det jeg svarte:</p>
5088
5089 <p><blockquote>
5090 <p>Jada, <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektet</a>
5091 lever, men det meste av utvikling foregår nå under paraplyen
5092 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/">Debian Edu</a> som er det
5093 internasjonale navnet på prosjektet.  Dugnaden i Norge organiseres av
5094 medlemsforeningen
5095 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
5096 Skolen</a>, og det finnes minst ett selskap som selger kommersiell
5097 support på løsningen (<a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux
5098 Drift AS</a>, der jeg er styremedlem).  Anbefaler at du melder deg på
5099 epostlisten
5100 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@lists.debian.org</a>
5101 (og debian-edu-announce) og
5102 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">melder deg inn i
5103 foreningen</a> for å få beskjed om aktivitet som planlegges.  Det
5104 planlegges
5105 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering">utviklersamlinger
5106 i august</a> og utover høsten.</p>
5107
5108 <p>Bidra gjerne med å spre ordet om Skolelinux.  Det er alt for få som
5109 bidrar til pressedekning, bloggposter, twittermeldinger, etc. :)</p>
5110
5111 <p>Jeg antar du har funnet
5112 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju/">bloggserien
5113 min med intervjuer</a>.  Det er antagelig også interessant for deg å
5114 følge med på <a href="http://planet.skolelinux.org/">Planet
5115 Skolelinux</a>.</p>
5116
5117 <p>Hm, jeg burde vel blogge alle disse lenkene slik at de blir enklere
5118 å finne...</p>
5119 </blockquote></p>
5120 <p>Herved gjort. :)</p>
5121
5122       </div>
5123       <div class="tags">
5124
5125
5126         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5127
5128
5129       </div>
5130     </div>
5131     <div class="padding"></div>
5132
5133     <div class="entry">
5134       <div class="title">
5135         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__George_Bredberg.html">Debian Edu interview: George Bredberg</a>
5136       </div>
5137       <div class="date">
5138          9th July 2012
5139       </div>
5140       <div class="body">
5141         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
5142 Skolelinux</a> project have users all over the globe, but until
5143 recently we have not known about any users in Norway's neighbour
5144 country Sweden.  This changed when George Bredberg showed up in March
5145 this year on the mailing list, asking interesting questions about how
5146 to adjust and scale the just released
5147 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
5148 Wheezy</a> setup to his liking.  He granted me an interview, and I am
5149 happy to share his answers with you here.</p>
5150
5151 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5152
5153 <p>I'm a 44 year old country guy that have been working 12 years at
5154 the same school as 50% IT-manager and 50% Teacher. My educational
5155 background is fil.kand in history and religious beliefs, an exam as a
5156 "folkhighschool" teacher, that is, for teaching grownups.  In
5157 Norwegian I believe it's called "Vuxenupplaring". I also have a master
5158 in "Technology and social change". So I'm not really a tech guy, I
5159 just like to study how humans and technology interact and that is my
5160 perspective when working with IT.</p>
5161
5162 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5163 project?</strong></p>
5164
5165 I have followed the Skolelinux project for quite some time by
5166 now. Earlier I tested out the K12-LTSP project, which we used for some
5167 time, but I really like the idea of having a distribution aimed to be
5168 a complete solution for schools with necessary tools integrated. When
5169 K12-LTSP abandoned that idea some years ago, I started to look more
5170 seriously into Skolelinux instead.
5171
5172 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5173 Edu?</strong></p>
5174
5175 The big point of Skolelinux to me is that it is a complete
5176 distribution, ready to install. It has LDAP-support, MS Windows
5177 integration tools and so forth already configured, saving an
5178 administrator a lot of time and headache. We were using another Linux
5179 based thin-client system called Thinlinc, that has served us very
5180 well. But that Skolelinux is based on VNC and LTSP, to me, is better
5181 when it comes to the kind of multimedia used in schools. That is
5182 showing videos from Youtube or educational TV. It is also easier to
5183 mix thin clients with workstations, since the user settings will be the
5184 same. In our VNC-based solution you had to "beat around the bush" by
5185 setting up a second, hidden, home-directory for user settings for the
5186 workstations, because they will be different from the ones used on the
5187 thin clients. Skolelinux support for diskless workstations are very
5188 convenient since a school today often need to use a class room
5189 projector showing videos in full screen. That is easily done with a
5190 small integrated media computer running as a diskless workstation. You
5191 have only two installs to update and configure. One for the thin
5192 clients and one for the workstations. Also saving a lot of time.  Our
5193 old system was also based on Redhat and CentOS. They are both very
5194 nice distributions, but they are sometimes painfully slow when it
5195 comes to updating multimedia support and multimedia programs (even
5196 such as Gimp), leaving us with a bit "oldish" applications. Debian is
5197 quicker to update.
5198
5199 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5200 Edu?</strong></p>
5201
5202 <p>Debian is a bit too quick when it comes to updating. As an example
5203 we use old HP terminals as thinclients, and two times already this
5204 year (2012) the updates you get from the repositories has stopped
5205 sound from working with them.  It's a kernel/ALSA issue. So you have
5206 to be more careful properly testing the updates before you run them in
5207 a production environment. This has never happened with CentOS.</p>
5208
5209 <p>I also would like to be able to set my own domain-settings at
5210 install time.  In Skolelinux they are kind of hard coded into the
5211 distribution, when it comes to LDAP and at least samba integration.
5212 That is more a cosmetic/translation issue, and not a real problem.
5213 Running MS Windows applications within the Skolelinux environment needs
5214 to be better supported. That is, running them seamlessly via RDP, and
5215 support for single-sign on.  That will make the transition to free
5216 software easier, because you can keep the applications you really
5217 need.  No support will make it impossible if you work in a school where
5218 some applications can't be open source. As for us we really need to
5219 run Adobe InDesign in our journalist classes.  We run a journalist
5220 education, and is one of the very few non university ones that is ok:d
5221 by Svenska journalistförbundet (Swedish journalist association).  Our
5222 education gives the pupils the right of membership there, once they
5223 are done.  This is important if you want to get a job.</p>
5224
5225 <p>Adobe InDesign is the program most commonly used in newspapers and
5226 magazines.  We used Quark Express before, but they seem to loose there
5227 market to Adobe. The only "equivalent" to InDesign in the opensource
5228 world is Scribus, and its not advanced enough. At least not according
5229 to the teacher. I think it would be possible to use it, because they
5230 are not supposed to learn a program, they are supposed to learn how to
5231 edit and compile a newspaper.  But politically at our school we are not
5232 there yet.  And Scribus lacks a lot of things you find i InDesign.</p>
5233
5234 <p>We used even a windows program for sound editing when it comes to
5235 the radio-journalist part. The year to come we are going to try
5236 Audacity. That software has the same kind of limitations compared to
5237 Adobe Audition, but that teacher is a bit more open minded. We have
5238 tried Ardour also, but that instead is more like a music studio
5239 program, not intended for the kind of editing taking place in a radio
5240 studio. Its way to complex and the GUI is to scattered when you only
5241 want to cut, make pass-overs, add extra channels and normalise.  Those
5242 things you can do in Audacity, but its not as easy as in Audition. You
5243 have to do more things manually with envelopes, and that is a bit old
5244 fashion and timewasting. Its also harder to cut and move sound from
5245 one channel to another, which is a thing that you do frequently
5246 because you often find yourself needing to rearrange parts of the
5247 sound file.</p>
5248
5249 <p>So, I am not sure we will succeed in replacing even Audition, but we
5250 will try.  The problem is the students have certain expectations when
5251 they start an education towards a profession.  So the programs has to
5252 look and feel professional.  Good thing with radio, there are many
5253 programs out there, that radio studios use, so its not as standardised
5254 as Newspaper editing. That means, it does not really matter what
5255 program they learn, because once they start working they still have to
5256 learn the program the studio uses, so instead focus has to be to learn
5257 the editing part without to much focus on a specific software.</p>
5258
5259 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5260
5261 <p>Myself I'm running Linux Mint, or Ubuntu these days.  I use almost
5262 only open source software, and preferably Linux based. When it comes
5263 to most used applications its OpenOffice, and Firefox (of course ;)
5264 )</p>
5265
5266 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5267 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5268
5269 <p>To get schools to use free software there has to be good open
5270 source software that are windows based, to ease the transition. But
5271 it's also very important that the multimedia support is working
5272 flawlessly.  The problems with Youtube, Twitter, Facebook and whatever
5273 will create problems when it comes to both teachers and
5274 students. Economy are also important for schools, so using thin
5275 clients, as long as they have good multimedia support, is a very good
5276 idea. It's also important that the open source software works even for
5277 the administration.  It's hard to convince the teachers to stick with
5278 open source, if the principal has to run Windows.  It also creates a
5279 problem if some classes has to use Windows for there tasks, since that
5280 will create a difference in "status" between classes, so a good
5281 support for running windows applications via the thin client (Linux)
5282 desktop is essential.  At least at our school, where we have mixed
5283 level of educations, from high-school to journalist-school.</p>
5284
5285 <p>Update 2012-07-09 08:30: Paul Wise tipped me on IRC about three
5286 useful sources related to Free Software for radio stations: the LWN
5287 article <a href="https://lwn.net/Articles/481607/">Radio station
5288 management with Airtime</a>,
5289 <a href="http://www.sourcefabric.org/en/airtime/">Airtime</a> which
5290 claim to be a Free open source radio automation software and
5291 <a href="http://www.rivendellaudio.org/">Rivendell</a> which claim to
5292 be complete radio broadcast automation solution.  All of them seem
5293 useful to the aspiring radio producer.</p>
5294
5295       </div>
5296       <div class="tags">
5297
5298
5299         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5300
5301
5302       </div>
5303     </div>
5304     <div class="padding"></div>
5305
5306     <div class="entry">
5307       <div class="title">
5308         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_do_schools_waste_money_on_IT_.html">Why do schools waste money on IT?</a>
5309       </div>
5310       <div class="date">
5311          8th July 2012
5312       </div>
5313       <div class="body">
5314         <p>In the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project, we have realised that one
5315 of the major blockers for the project success is the purchasing skills
5316 in schools and municipalities.  We provide what the happy users of
5317 Debian Edu / Skolelinux say they need and to a lower cost than the
5318 alternatives, and yet so few schools decide to use our solution.  I
5319 was pleased to discover the same observation done by mySociety and Tom
5320 Steinberg in his blog post
5321 "<a href="http://www.mysociety.org/2012/06/19/can-you-recognize-the-million-pound-chair/">Can
5322 you recognize the million pound chair?</a>".  Read it and weep for the
5323 spending of your tax money.</p>
5324
5325 <p>Of course there are other factors involved as well, like our
5326 projects bad marketing skills and the Linux community fragmentation
5327 causing worry with the people on the outside, so we as a project need
5328 to keep working hard to gain users, but it is a up-hill battle when
5329 public decision makers are unable to understand computer system
5330 purchases.</p>
5331
5332       </div>
5333       <div class="tags">
5334
5335
5336         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5337
5338
5339       </div>
5340     </div>
5341     <div class="padding"></div>
5342
5343     <div class="entry">
5344       <div class="title">
5345         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Free_Timetabling_Software___nice_free_software.html">Free Timetabling Software - nice free software</a>
5346       </div>
5347       <div class="date">
5348          7th July 2012
5349       </div>
5350       <div class="body">
5351         <p>Included in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
5352 Skolelinux</a> is a large collection of end user and school specific
5353 software.  It is one of the packages not installed by default but
5354 provided in the Debian archive for schools to install if they want to,
5355 is a system to automatically plan the school time table using
5356 information about available teachers, classes and rooms, combined with
5357 the list of required courses and how many hours each topic should
5358 receive.  The software is
5359
5360 <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/">named FET</a>, and it provide a
5361 graphical user interface to input the required information, save the
5362 result in a fairly simple XML format, and generate time tables for
5363 both teachers and students.  It is available both for
5364 <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/download.html">Linux, MacOSX and
5365 Windows</a>.</p>
5366
5367 <p>This is <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/features.html">the
5368 feature list</a>, liftet from the project web site:</p>
5369
5370 <p><ul>
5371
5372   <li>FET is free software, licensed under the GNU GPL v2 or later.
5373     You can freely use, copy, modify and redistribute it </li>
5374
5375   <li>Localized to en_US (US English, default), ar (Arabic), ca
5376     (Catalan), da (Danish), de (German), el (Greek), es (Spanish), fa
5377     (Persian), fr (French), gl (Galician), he (Hebrew), hu
5378     (Hungarian), id (Indonesian), it (Italian), lt (Lithuanian), mk
5379     (Macedonian), ms (Malay), nl (Dutch), pl (Polish), pt_BR
5380     (Brazilian Portuguese), ro (Romanian), ru (Russian), si (Sinhala),
5381     sk (Slovak), sr (Serbian), tr (Turkish), uk (Ukrainian), uz
5382     (Uzbek) and vi (Vietnamese) (incompletely for some languages)
5383     </li>
5384
5385   <li>Fully automatic generation algorithm, allowing also
5386     semi-automatic or manual allocation</li>
5387
5388   <li>Platform independent implementation, allowing running on
5389     GNU/Linux, Windows, Mac and any system that Qt supports </li>
5390
5391   <li>Flexible modular XML format for the input file, allowing editing
5392     with an XML editor or by hand (besides FET interface)</li>
5393
5394   <li>Import/export from CSV format</li>
5395
5396   <li>The resulted timetables are exported into HTML, XML and CSV
5397     formats </li>
5398
5399   <li>Flexible students structure, organized into sets: years, groups
5400     and subgroups. FET allows overlapping years and groups and
5401     non-overlapping subgroups. You can even define individual students
5402     (as separate sets)</li>
5403
5404   <li>Each constraint has a weight percentage, from 0.0% to 100.0%
5405     (but some special constraints are allowed to have only 100% weight
5406     percentage)</li>
5407
5408   <li>Limits for the algorithm (all these limits can be increased on
5409     demand, as a custom version, because this would require a bit more
5410     memory):
5411     <ul>
5412       <li>Maximum total number of hours (periods) per day: 60</li>
5413       <li>Maximum number of working days per week: 35</li>
5414       <li>Maximum total number of teachers: 6000</li>
5415       <li>Maximum total number of sets of students: 30000</li>
5416       <li>Maximum total number of subjects: 6000</li>
5417       <li>Virtually unlimited number of activity tags</li>
5418       <li>Maximum number of activities: 30000</li>
5419       <li>Maximum number of rooms: 6000</li>
5420       <li>Maximum number of buildings: 6000</li>
5421       <li>Possibility of adding multiple teachers and
5422           students sets for each activity.  (it is possible
5423           also to have no teachers or no students sets for an
5424           activity)</li>
5425       <li>Virtually unlimited number of time constraints</li>
5426       <li>Virtually unlimited number of space constraints</li>
5427     </ul></li>
5428
5429   <li>A large and flexible palette of time constraints:
5430     <ul>
5431       <li>Break periods</li>
5432       <li>For teacher(s):
5433         <ul>
5434           <li>Not available periods</li>
5435           <li>Max/min days per week</li>
5436           <li>Max gaps per day/week</li>
5437           <li>Max hours daily/continuously</li>
5438           <li>Min hours daily</li>
5439           <li>Max hours daily/continuously with an activity tag</li>
5440
5441           <li>Respect working in an hourly interval a max number of
5442             days per week</li>
5443         </ul></li>
5444       <li>For students (sets):
5445         <ul>
5446           <li>Not available periods</li>
5447           <li>Begins early (specify max allowed beginnings at second hour)</li>
5448           <li>Max gaps per day/week</li>
5449           <li>Max hours daily/continuously</li>
5450           <li>Min hours daily</li>
5451           <li>Max hours daily/continuously with an activity tag</li>
5452
5453           <li>Respect working in an hourly interval a max number of
5454             days per week</li>
5455         </ul></li>
5456       <li>For an activity or a set of activities/subactivities:
5457         <ul>
5458           <li>A single preferred starting time</li>
5459           <li>A set of preferred starting times</li>
5460           <li>A set of preferred time slots</li>
5461           <li>Min/max days between them</li>
5462           <li>End(s) students day</li>
5463           <li>Same starting time/day/hour</li>
5464           <li>Occupy max time slots from selection (a complex and
5465             flexible constraint, useful in many situations)</li>
5466           <li>Consecutive, ordered, grouped (for 2 or 3 (sub)activities)</li>
5467           <li>Not overlapping</li>
5468           <li>Max simultaneous in selected time slots</li>
5469           <li>Min gaps between a set of (sub)activities</li>
5470         </ul></li>
5471     </ul></li>
5472
5473   <li>A large and flexible palette of space constraints:
5474     <ul>
5475       <li>Room not available periods</li>
5476       <li>For teacher(s):
5477         <ul>
5478           <li>Home room(s)</li>
5479           <li>Max building changes per day/week</li>
5480           <li>Min gaps between building changes</li>
5481         </ul>
5482       </li>
5483
5484       <li>For students (sets):
5485         <ul>
5486           <li>Home room(s)</li>
5487           <li>Max building changes per day/week</li>
5488           <li>Min gaps between building changes</li>
5489         </ul>
5490       </li>
5491       <li>Preferred room(s):
5492         <ul>
5493           <li>For a subject</li>
5494           <li>For an activity tag</li>
5495           <li>For a subject and an activity tag</li>
5496           <li>Individually for a (sub)activity</li>
5497         </ul>
5498       </li>
5499
5500       <li>For a set of activities:
5501         <ul>
5502           <li>Occupy a maximum number of different rooms</li>
5503         </ul>
5504       </li>
5505     </ul>
5506   </li>
5507 </ul></p>
5508
5509 <p>I have not used it myself, as I am not involved in time table
5510 planning at a school, but it seem to work fine when I test it.  If you
5511 need to set up your schools time table, and is tired of doing it
5512 manually, check it out.
5513
5514 A quick summary on how to use it can be found in
5515 <a href="http://marvelsoft.co.in/wp/2012/03/generate-timetable-for-state-cbse-icse-igcse-schools-free/">a
5516 blog post from MarvelSoft</a>.  If you find FET useful, please provide
5517 a recipe for the Debian Edu project in the
5518 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu#Howtos">Debian Edu HowTo
5519 section</a>.</p>
5520
5521       </div>
5522       <div class="tags">
5523
5524
5525         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nice free software">nice free software</a>.
5526
5527
5528       </div>
5529     </div>
5530     <div class="padding"></div>
5531
5532     <div class="entry">
5533       <div class="title">
5534         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Markus_Gamenius.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Markus Gamenius</a>
5535       </div>
5536       <div class="date">
5537         30th June 2012
5538       </div>
5539       <div class="body">
5540         <p>Tidligere leder av
5541 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no">foreningen som
5542 organiserer Skolelinux-dugnaden</a>, Markus Gamenius , har i vår vært
5543 i media og
5544 <a href="http://www.dn.no/privatokonomi/article2345489.ece">debattert
5545 skattepolitikk</a>, og det fikk meg til å høre om han kunne lokkes til
5546 å fortelle om hans inntrykk nå, etter at han ble lokket bort fra
5547 Linux- og <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-verden
5548 for å overta familiebedriften.  Her har vi hans betraktninger i dag,
5549 noen måneder etter at
5550 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Skolelinux
5551 Squeeze</a>-utgaven ble gitt ut.</p>
5552
5553 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
5554
5555 <p>Jeg heter Markus Gamenius og er 40 år.  Utdannet biolog med ymse
5556 fag på siden.  Har jobbet som lærer der jeg var driftsansvarlig på
5557 Ulsrud VGS i Oslo.  Senere eide og jobbet jeg flere år i Linuxlabs AS,
5558 som jeg solgte til Redpill Linpro AS (den gangen Linpro AS).  I dag
5559 jobber jeg med ulike investeringer, hovedsaklig i eiendom, men også i
5560 en del ulike IT-relaterte bedrifter.</p>
5561
5562 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
5563
5564 <p>Fruen og jeg dro på en lengre seiltur i 2000, der jeg måtte ha "noe
5565 å gjøre" under hjemturen over Atlanteren.  Jeg kjøpte et par bøker om
5566 Linux i en bokhandel i New York og ble veldig fascinert.  Etter
5567 hjemkomsten begynte jeg å jobbe på Ulsrud VGS, som naturfagslærer, men
5568 som IT-interessert ble jeg fort en del av den nye IT-satsningen som
5569 skulle løfte Ulsrud og gi skolen en bedre rykte.  Vi hadde ganske
5570 mange maskiner, som gikk på Win98 og to servere som ble oppgradert til
5571 Win2000.  Systemene var ustabil og dårlige.  På leting etter noe
5572 bedre, uten å knekke ryggen økonomisk, kom jeg over "Linux i Skolen"
5573 og Skolelinux.  Jeg tok kontakt med miljøet og en gjeng møtte opp på
5574 skolen, der vi gjorde en liten testinstallasjon.  Etter et par år var
5575 ryggraden på skolen Linux (Skolelinux) og vi hadde flere hundre
5576 maskiner, både tynne klienter (gamle og nye), bærbare (Debian) og noen
5577 stasjonære (Win2000).  På et tidspunkt var Ulsrud den råeste IT-skolen
5578 og det irriterte skolesjefen i Oslo, da de satset hardt på
5579 Windows.</p>
5580
5581 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5582
5583 <p>Det som gjorde at vi fikk inn Skolelinux var ene og alene
5584 økonomiske.  Det faktum at vi slapp å kjøpe masse nye lisenser og at
5585 vi kunne bruke gammel hardware.  Alt i alt gjorde dette at vi sparte
5586 mye, men i stede for å bruke mindre på IT brukte vi det vi sparte på å
5587 skaffe mer hardware og på den måten gi det beste tilbudet i landet til
5588 våre elever.  For oss som driftet var det himmel å ha et system som
5589 gikk å administrere sentralt og effektivt.  Det var heller ikke så
5590 dumt at vi kunne "låse" maskinene mer effektivt enn vi kunne med
5591 Microsoft Windows, slik at vi slapp mye feil og problemer som ble
5592 forårsaket av "kreative" elever.</p>
5593
5594 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5595
5596 <p>Det vi slet med var mangelen av en del programmer lærerne ville ha.
5597 Husker ikke alle, men det var et knippe med pedagogiske programmer de
5598 ikke fikk.  I dag tror jeg det problemet er langt mindre da det meste
5599 av disse kjøres gjennom nettleseren.</p>
5600
5601 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
5602
5603 <p>Jeg bruker mye Apple i dag og er ikke så stolt av det, men jeg har
5604 både OpenOffice, Firefox og en del andre programmer på den bærbare.
5605 Firefox brukes mest av disse.  På Apple-serveren hjemme bruker jeg
5606 HandBrake mye, og jeg har installert OpenWRT på flere av
5607 basestasjonene både hjemme og på jobben.  I tillegg til det har jeg i
5608 flere år finansiert et prosjekt som heter
5609 <a href="http://www.found.no/">Found IT</a>.  Dette er et prosjekt der
5610 vi lager et rammeverk for søk, der alt vi bruker fri programvare.  Det
5611 er Alex Brasetvik som er daglig leder i Found IT.</p>
5612
5613 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
5614 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
5615
5616 <p>Når det gjelder IT og skole er fortsatt økonomi veldig viktig.  Så
5617 man må oppfylle minimumskravene (ikke være best, men bra nok) og selge
5618 seg inn på hvor mye man sparer.  Det betyr selvsagt at man sparer på
5619 lisenser, men også på driftsinnsats.  Men nå når jeg ikke er en aktiv
5620 del av miljøet lenger hører jeg nesten ingen ting om fri programvare.
5621 Jeg stiller meg da spørsmålet om det har blitt stille rundt miljøet,
5622 eller om jeg kun så det tydeligere før når jeg var aktiv? Uansett er
5623 det for stille rundt Skolelinux-prosjektet nå.</p>
5624
5625       </div>
5626       <div class="tags">
5627
5628
5629         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5630
5631
5632       </div>
5633     </div>
5634     <div class="padding"></div>
5635
5636     <div class="entry">
5637       <div class="title">
5638         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Jos__Luis_Redrejo_Rodr_guez.html">Debian Edu interview: José Luis Redrejo Rodríguez</a>
5639       </div>
5640       <div class="date">
5641         26th June 2012
5642       </div>
5643       <div class="body">
5644         <p>I've been too busy at home, but finally I found time to wrap up
5645 another interview with the people behind
5646 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>.
5647 This time we get to know José Luis Redrejo Rodríguez, one of our great
5648 helpers from Spain.  His effort was the reason we added support for
5649 several desktop types (KDE, Gnome and most recently LXDE) in Debian
5650 Edu, and have all of these available in the recently published
5651 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
5652 Squeeze</a> version.</p>
5653
5654 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5655
5656 <p>I'm a father, teacher and engineer who is working for the Education
5657 ministry of the Region of Extremadura (Spain) in the implementation of
5658 ICT in schools</p>
5659
5660 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5661 project?</strong></p>
5662
5663 <p>At 2006, I verified that both, we in Extremadura and Skolelinux
5664 project, had been working in parallel for some years, doing very
5665 similar things, using very similar tools and with similar targets, so
5666 I decided it was time to join forces as much as possible.</p>
5667
5668 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5669 Edu?</strong></p>
5670
5671 <p>A community of highly skilled experts working together, with a
5672 really open schema of collaboration and work. I really love the
5673 concepts of Do-ocracy and Merit-ocracy and the way these concepts are
5674 been used everyday inside Debian Edu.</p>
5675
5676 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5677 Edu?</strong></p>
5678
5679 <p>Sometimes the differences in the implementations, laws or
5680 economical and technical resources in the different countries don't
5681 allow us to agree in the same solution for all of us, and several
5682 approaches are needed, what is a waste of effort. Also, there is a
5683 lack of more man power to be able to follow the fast evolution of the
5684 technologies in school.</p>
5685
5686 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5687
5688 <p>Debian, of course, and due to my kind of job I am most of my time
5689 between Iceweasel, <a href="http://www.geany.org/">Geany</a> and
5690 <a href="http://www.ohloh.net/p/gnome-terminator">Terminator</a>.</p>
5691
5692 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5693 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5694
5695 <p>I think there is not a single strategy because there are very
5696 different scenarios: schools with mixed proprietary and free
5697 environments, schools using only workstations, other schools using
5698 laptops, netbooks, tablets, interactive white-boards, etc.</p>
5699
5700 <p>Also the range of ages of the students is very broad and you can
5701 not use the same solutions for primary schools and secondary or even
5702 universities. So different strategies are needed.</p>
5703
5704 <p>But, looking at these differences, and looking back to the things
5705 we've done and implemented, and the places were we have spent most of
5706 our forces, I think we should focus as much as possible in free
5707 multi-platform environments, using only standards tools, and moving
5708 more and more to Internet or network solutions that could be deployed
5709 using wireless. I think we'll see more and more personal devices in
5710 the schools, devices the students and teachers will take home with
5711 them, so the solutions must be able to be taken at home and continue
5712 working there.</p>
5713
5714       </div>
5715       <div class="tags">
5716
5717
5718         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5719
5720
5721       </div>
5722     </div>
5723     <div class="padding"></div>
5724
5725     <div class="entry">
5726       <div class="title">
5727         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu___some_ideas_for_the_future_versions.html">Debian Edu - some ideas for the future versions</a>
5728       </div>
5729       <div class="date">
5730         11th June 2012
5731       </div>
5732       <div class="body">
5733         <p>During my work on
5734 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.nb.html">Debian Edu
5735 based on Squeeze</a>, I came across some issues that should be
5736 addressed in the Wheezy release.  I finally found time to wrap up my
5737 notes and provide quick summary of what I found, with a bit
5738 explanation.</p>
5739
5740 <p><ul>
5741
5742 <li>We need to rewrite our package installation framework, as tasksel
5743 changed from using tasksel tasks to using meta packages (aka packages
5744 with dependencies like our education-* packages), and our installation
5745 system depend on tasksel tasks in
5746 /usr/share/tasksel/debian-edu-tasks.desc for package
5747 installation.</li>
5748
5749 <li>Enable Kerberos login for more services.  Now with the Kerberos
5750 foundation in place, we should use it to get single sign on with more
5751 services, and avoiding unneeded password / login questions.  We should
5752 at least try to enable it for these services:
5753 <ul>
5754
5755   <li>CUPS for admins to add/configure printers and users when using
5756     quotas.</li>
5757   <li>Nagios for admins checking the system status.</li>
5758   <li>GOsa for admins updating LDAP and users changing their passwords.</li>
5759   <li>LDAP for admins updating LDAP.</li>
5760   <li>Squid for users when exam mode / filtering is active.</li>
5761   <li>ssh for admins and users to save a password prompt.</li>
5762
5763 </ul></li>
5764
5765 <li>When we move GOsa to use Kerberos instead of LDAP bind to
5766 authenticate users, we should try to block or at least limit access to
5767 use LDAP bind for authentication, to ensure Kerberos is used when it
5768 is intended, and nothing fall back to using the less safe LDAP bind</li>
5769
5770 <li>Merge debian-edu-config and debian-edu-install.  The split made
5771 sense when d-e-install did a lot more, but these days it is just an
5772 inconvenience when we update the debconf preseeding values.</li>
5773
5774 <li>Fix partman-auto to allow us to abort the installation before
5775 touching the disk if the disk is too small.  This is
5776 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/653305">BTS report #653305</a> and the
5777 d-i developers are fine with the patch and someone just need to apply
5778 it and upload.  After this is done we need to adjust
5779 debian-edu-install to use this new hook.</li>
5780
5781 <li>Adjust to new LTSP framework (boot time config instead of install
5782 time config).  LTSP changed its design, and our hooks to install
5783 packages and update the configuration is most likely not going to work
5784 in Wheezy.
5785
5786 <li>Consider switching to NBD instead of NFS for LTSP root, to allow
5787 the Kernel to cache files in its normal file cache, possibly speeding
5788 up KDE login on slow networks.</li>
5789
5790 <li>Make it possible to create expired user passwords that need to
5791 change on first login.  This is useful when handing out password on
5792 paper, to make sure only the user know the password.  This require
5793 fixes to the PAM handling of kdm and gdm.</li>
5794
5795 <li>Make GUI for adding new machines automatically from sitesummary.
5796 The current command line script is not very friendly to people most
5797 familiar with GUIs.  This should probably be integrated into GOsa to
5798 have it available where the admin will be looking for it..</li>
5799
5800 <li>We should find way for Nagios to check that the DHCP service
5801 actually is working (as in handling out IP addresses).  None of the
5802 Nagios checks I have found so far have been working for me.</li>
5803
5804 <li>We should switch from libpam-nss-ldapd to sssd for all profiles
5805 using LDAP, and not only on for roaming workstations, to have less
5806 packages to configure and consistent setup across all profiles.</li>
5807
5808 <li>We should configure Kerberos to update LDAP and Samba password
5809 when changing password using the Kerberos protocol.  The hook was
5810 requested in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/588968">BTS report
5811 #588968</a> and is now available in Wheezy.  We might need to write a
5812 MIT Kerberos plugin in C to get this.</li>
5813
5814 <li>We should clean up the set of applications installed by default.
5815 <ul>
5816
5817 <li>reduce the number of chemistry visualisers</li>
5818 <li>consider dropping xpaint</li>
5819 <li>and probably more?</li>
5820 </ul></li>
5821
5822 <li>Some hardware need external firmware to work properly.  This is
5823 mostly the case for WiFi network cards, but there are some other
5824 examples too.  For popular laptops to work out of the box, such
5825 firmware need to be installed from non-free, and we should provide
5826 some GUI to do this.  Ubuntu already have this implemented, and we
5827 could consider using their packages.  At the moment we have some
5828 command line script to do this (one for the running system, another
5829 for the LTSP chroot).</li>
5830
5831
5832 <li>In Squeeze, we provide KDE, Gnome and LXDE as desktop options.  We
5833 should extend the list to Xfce and Sugar, and preferably find a way to
5834 install several and allow the admin or the user to select which one to
5835 use.</li>
5836
5837 <li>The golearn tool from the goplay package make it easy to check out
5838 interesting educational packages.  We should work on the package
5839 tagging in Debian to ensure it represent all the useful educational
5840 packages, and extend the tool to allow it to use packagekit to install
5841 new applications with a simple mouse click.</li>
5842
5843 <li>The Squeeze version got half a exam solution already in place,
5844 with the introduction of iptable based network blocking, but for it to
5845 be a complete exam solution the Squid proxy need to enable
5846 filtering/blocking as well when the exam mode is enabled.  We should
5847 implement a way to easily enable this for the schools that want it,
5848 instead of the "it is documented" method of today.</li>
5849
5850 <li>A feature used in several schools is the ability for a teacher to
5851 "take over" the desktop of individual or all computers in the room.
5852 There are at least three implementations,
5853 <a href="italc.sourceforge.net/">italc</a>,
5854 <a href="http://www.itais.net/help/en/">controlaula</a> og
5855 <a href="http://www.epoptes.org/">epoptes</a> and we should pick one of
5856 them and make it trivial to set it up in a school.  The challenges is
5857 how to distribute crypto keys and how to group computers in one room
5858 and how to set up which machine/user can control the machines in a
5859 given room.</li>
5860
5861 <li>Tablets and surf boards are getting more and more popular, and we
5862 should look into providing a good solution for integrating these into
5863 the Debian Edu network.  Not quite sure how.  Perhaps we should
5864 provide a installation profile with better touch screen support for
5865 them, or add some sync services to allow them to exchange
5866 configuration and data with the central server.  This should be
5867 investigated.</li>
5868
5869 </ul></p>
5870
5871 <p>I guess we will discover more as we continue to work on the Wheezy
5872 version.</p>
5873
5874       </div>
5875       <div class="tags">
5876
5877
5878         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5879
5880
5881       </div>
5882     </div>
5883     <div class="padding"></div>
5884
5885     <div class="entry">
5886       <div class="title">
5887         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Mike_Gabriel.html">Debian Edu interview: Mike Gabriel</a>
5888       </div>
5889       <div class="date">
5890          2nd June 2012
5891       </div>
5892       <div class="body">
5893         <p>Back in 2010, Mike Gabriel showed up on the
5894 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
5895 mailing list.  He quickly proved to be a valuable developer, and
5896 thanks to his tireless effort we now have Kerberos integrated into the
5897 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
5898 Squeeze</a> version.</p>
5899
5900 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5901
5902 <p>My name is Mike Gabriel, I am 38 years old and live near Kiel,
5903 Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. I live together with a wonderful partner
5904 (Angela Fuß) and two own children and two bonus children (contributed
5905 by Angela).</p>
5906
5907 <p>During the day I am part-time employed as a system administrator
5908 and part-time working as an IT consultant. The consultancy work
5909 touches free software topics wherever and whenever possible. During
5910 the nights I am a free software developer. In the gaps I also train in
5911 becoming an osteopath.</p>
5912
5913 <p>Starting in 2010 we (Andreas Buchholz, Angela Fuß, Mike Gabriel)
5914 have set up a free software project in the area of Kiel that aims at
5915 introducing free software into schools. The project's name is
5916 "IT-Zukunft Schule" (IT future for schools). The project links IT
5917 skills with communication skills.</p>
5918
5919 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5920 project?</strong></p>
5921
5922 <p>While preparing our own customised Linux distribution for
5923 "IT-Zukunft Schule" we were repeatedly asked if we really wanted to
5924 reinvent the wheel. What schools really need is already available,
5925 people said.  From this impulse we started evaluating other Linux
5926 distributions that target being used for school networks.</p>
5927
5928 <p>At the end we short-listed two approaches and compared them: a
5929 commercial Linux distribution developed by a company in Bremen,
5930 Germany, and Skolelinux / Debian Edu. Between 12/2010 and 03/2011 we
5931 went to several events and met people being responsible for marketing
5932 and development of either of the distributions. Skolelinux / Debian
5933 Edu was by far much more convincing compared to the other product that
5934 got short-listed beforehand--across the full spectrum. What was most
5935 attractive for me personally: the perspective of collaboration within
5936 the developmental branch of the Debian Edu project itself.</p>
5937
5938 <p>In parallel with this, we talked to many local and not-so-local
5939 people.  People teaching at schools, headmasters, politicians, data
5940 protection experts, other IT professionals.</p>
5941
5942 <p>We came to two conclusions:</p>
5943
5944 <p>First, a technical conclusion: What schools need is available in
5945 bits and pieces here and there, and none of the solutions really fit
5946 by 100%. Any school we have seen has a very individual IT setup
5947 whereas most of each school's requirements could mapped by a standard
5948 IT solution.  The requirement to this IT solution is flexibility and
5949 customisability, so that individual adaptations here and there are
5950 possible.  In terms of re-distributing and rolling out such a
5951 standardised IT system for schools (a system that is still to some
5952 degree customisable) there is still a lot of work to do here
5953 locally. Debian Edu / Skolelinux has been our choice as the starting
5954 point.</p>
5955
5956 <p>Second, a holistic conclusion: What schools need does not exist at
5957 all (or we missed it so far). There are several technical solutions
5958 for handling IT at schools that tend to make a good impression. What
5959 has been missing completely here in Germany, though, is the enrolment
5960 of people into using IT and teaching with IT. "IT-Zukunft Schule"
5961 tries to provide an approach for this.</p>
5962
5963 <p>Only some schools have some sort of a media concept which explains,
5964 defines and gives guidance on how to use IT in class. Most schools in
5965 Northern Germany do not have an IT service provider, the school's IT
5966 equipment is managed by one or (if the school is lucky) two (admin)
5967 teachers, most of the workload these admin teachers get done in there
5968 spare time.</p>
5969
5970 <p>We were surprised that only a very few admin teachers were
5971 networked with colleagues from other schools. Basically, every school
5972 here around has its individual approach of providing IT equipment to
5973 teachers and students and the exchange of ideas has been quasi
5974 non-existent until 2010/2011.</p>
5975
5976 <p>Quite some (non-admin) teachers try to avoid using IT technology in
5977 class as a learning medium completely. Several reasons for this
5978 avoidance do exist.</p>
5979
5980 <p>We discovered that no-one has ever taken a closer look at this
5981 social part of IT management in schools, so far. On our quest journey
5982 for a technical IT solution for schools, we discussed this issue with
5983 several teachers, headmasters, politicians, other IT professionals and
5984 they all confirmed: a holistic approach of considering IT management
5985 at schools, an approach that includes the people in place, will be new
5986 and probably a gain for all.</p>
5987
5988 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5989 Edu?</strong></p>
5990
5991 <p>There is a list of advantages: international context, openness to
5992 any kind of contributions, do-ocracy policy, the closeness to Debian,
5993 the different installation scenarios possible (from stand-alone
5994 workstation to complex multi-server sites), the transparency within
5995 project communication, honest communication within the group of
5996 developers, etc.</p>
5997
5998 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5999 Edu?</strong></p>
6000
6001 <p>Every coin has two sides:</p>
6002
6003 <p>Technically: <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/311188">BTS issue
6004 #311188</a>, tricky upgradability of a Debian Edu main server, network
6005 client installations on top of a plain vanilla Debian installation
6006 should become possible sometime in the near future, one could think
6007 about splitting the very complex package debian-edu-config into
6008 several portions (to make it easier for new developers to
6009 contribute).</p>
6010
6011 <p>Another issue I see is that we (as Debian Edu developers) should
6012 find out more about the network of people who do the marketing for
6013 Debian Edu / Skolelinux. There is a very active group in Germany
6014 promoting Skolelinux on the bigger Linux Days within Germany. Are
6015 there other groups like that in other countries? How can we bring
6016 these marketing people together (marketing group A with group B and
6017 all of them with the group of Debian Edu developers)? During the last
6018 meeting of the German Skolelinux group, I got the impression of people
6019 there being rather disconnected from the development department of
6020 Debian Edu / Skolelinux.</p>
6021
6022 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
6023
6024 <p>For my daily business, I do not use commercial software at all.</p>
6025
6026 <p>For normal stuff I use Iceweasel/Firefox, Libreoffice.org. For
6027 serious text writing I prefer LaTeX. I use gimp, inkscape, scribus for
6028 more artistic tasks. I run virtual machines in KVM and Virtualbox.</p>
6029
6030 <p>I am one of the upstream developers of X2Go. In 2010 I started the
6031 development of a Python based X2Go Client, called PyHoca-GUI.
6032 PyHoca-GUI has brought forth a Python X2Go Client API that currently
6033 is being integrated in Ubuntu's software center.</p>
6034
6035 <p>For communications I have my own Kolab server running using Horde
6036 as web-based groupware client. For IRC I love to use irssi, for Jabber
6037 I have several clients that I use, mostly pidgin, though. I am also
6038 the Debian maintainer of Coccinella, a Jabber-based interactive
6039 whiteboard.</p>
6040
6041 <p>My favourite terminal emulator is KDE's Yakuake.</p>
6042
6043 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
6044 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
6045
6046 <p>Communicate, communicate, communicate. Enrol people, enrol people,
6047 enrol people.</p>
6048
6049       </div>
6050       <div class="tags">
6051
6052
6053         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
6054
6055
6056       </div>
6057     </div>
6058     <div class="padding"></div>
6059
6060     <div class="entry">
6061       <div class="title">
6062         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Ralf_Gesellensetter.html">Debian Edu interview: Ralf Gesellensetter</a>
6063       </div>
6064       <div class="date">
6065         27th May 2012
6066       </div>
6067       <div class="body">
6068         <p>In 2003, a German teacher showed up on the
6069 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
6070 mailing list with interesting problems and reports proving he setting
6071 up Linux for a (for us at the time) lot of pupils.  His name was Ralf
6072 Gesellensetter, and he has been an important tester and contributor
6073 since then, helping to make sure the
6074 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
6075 Squeeze</a> release became as good as it is..</p>
6076
6077 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
6078
6079 <p>I am a teacher from Germany, and my subjects are Geography,
6080 Mathematics, and Computer Science ("Informatik"). During the past 12
6081 years (since 2000), I have been working for a comprehensive (and soon,
6082 also inclusive) school leading to all kind of general levels, such as
6083 O- or A-level ("Abitur").  For quite as long, I've been taking care of
6084 our computer network.</p>
6085
6086 <p>Now, in my early 40s, I enjoy the privilege of spending a lot of my
6087 spare time together with my wife, our son (3 years) and our daughter
6088 (4 months).</p>
6089
6090 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
6091 project?</strong></p>
6092
6093 <p>We had tried different Linux based school servers, when members of
6094 my local Linux User Group (LUG OWL) detected Skolelinux. I remember
6095 very well, being part of a party celebrating the Linux New Media Award
6096 ("Best Newcomer Distribution", also nominated: Ubuntu) that was given
6097 to Skolelinux at Linux World Exposition in Frankfurt, 2005 (IIRC). Few
6098 months later, I had the chance to join a developer meeting in Ulsrud
6099 (Oslo) and to hand out the award to Knut Yrvin and others.  For more
6100 than 7 years, Skolelinux is part of our schools infrastructure, namely
6101 our main server (tjener), one LTSP (today without thin clients), and
6102 approximately 50 work stations. Most of these have the option to boot a
6103 locally installed Skolelinux image.  As a consequence, I joined quite
6104 a few events dealing with free software or Linux, and met many Debian
6105 (Edu) developers. All of them seemed quite nice and competent to me,
6106 one more reason to stick to Skolelinux.</p>
6107
6108 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6109 Edu?</strong></p>
6110
6111 <p>Debian driven, you are given all the advantages of a community
6112 project including well maintained updates. Once, you are familiar with
6113 the network layout, you can easily roll out an entire educational
6114 computer infrastructure, from just one installation media. As only
6115 free software (FOSS) is used, that supports even elderly hardware,
6116 up-sizing your IT equipment is only limited by space (i.e. available
6117 labs).  Especially if you run a LTSP thin client server, your
6118 administration costs tend towards zero.</p>
6119
6120 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6121 Edu?</strong></p>
6122
6123 <p>While Debian's stability has loads of advantages for servers, this
6124 might be different in some cases for clients: Schools with unlimited
6125 budget might buy new hardware with components that are not yet
6126 supported by Debian stable, or wish to use more recent versions of
6127 office packages or desktop environments.  These schools have the
6128 option to run Debian testing or other distributions - if they have the
6129 capacity to do so.  Another issue is that Debian release cycles
6130 include a wide range of changes; therefor a high percentage of human
6131 power seems to be absorbed by just keeping the features of Skolelinux
6132 within the new setting of the version to come. During this process,
6133 the cogs of Debian Edu are getting more and more professional,
6134 i.e. harder to understand for novices.</p>
6135
6136 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
6137
6138 <p>LibreOffice, Wikipedia, Openstreetmap, Iceweasel (Mozilla Firefox),
6139 KMail, Gimp, Inkscape - and of course the Linux Kernel (not only on
6140 PC, Laptop, Mobile, but also our SAT receiver)</p>
6141
6142 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
6143 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
6144
6145 <p><ol>
6146
6147 <li>Support computer science as regular subject in schools to make
6148 people really "own" their hardware, to make them understand the
6149 difference between proprietary software products, and free software
6150 developing.</li>
6151
6152 <li>Make budget baskets corresponding: In Germany's public schools
6153 there are more or less fixed budgets for IT equipment (including
6154 licenses), so schools won't benefit from any savings here. This
6155 privilege is left to private schools which have consequently a large
6156 share among German Skolelinux schools.</li>
6157
6158 <li>Get free software in the seminars where would-be teachers are
6159 trained. In many cases, teachers' software customs are respected by
6160 decision makers rather than the expertise of any IT experts.</li>
6161
6162 <li>Don't limit ourself to free software run natively. Everybody uses
6163 free software or free licenses (for instance Wikipedia), and this
6164 general concept should get expanded to free educational content to be
6165 shared world wide (school books e.g.).</li>
6166
6167 <li>Make clear where ever you can that the market share of free (libre)
6168 office suites is much above 20 p.c. today, and that you pupils don't
6169 need to know the "ribbon menu" in order to get employed.</li>
6170
6171 <li>Talk about the difference between freeware and free software.</li>
6172
6173 <li>Spread free software, or even collections of portable free apps
6174 for USB pen drives. Endorse students to get a legal copy of
6175 Libreoffice rather than accepting them to use illegal serials.  And
6176 keep sending documents in ODF formats.</li>
6177
6178 </ol></p>
6179
6180       </div>
6181       <div class="tags">
6182
6183
6184         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
6185
6186
6187       </div>
6188     </div>
6189     <div class="padding"></div>
6190
6191     <div class="entry">
6192       <div class="title">
6193         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Alf_Tonny_B_tz.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Alf Tonny Bätz</a>
6194       </div>
6195       <div class="date">
6196         20th May 2012
6197       </div>
6198       <div class="body">
6199         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektets</a>
6200 musiker og mannen bak
6201 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Manuals/Rosegarden/">opplæringsdokumentene
6202 i Rosegarden</a>
6203 (<a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/nb/rosegarden-manual.html">norsk
6204 utgave</a>) for musikklærere, Alf Tonny Bätz, er neste mann ut i min
6205 intervjurunde av folkene bak Skolelinux-løsningen.  Jeg har kjent Alf
6206 Tonny siden vi møttes som barn på påskefjellet i Ofoten, og ble
6207 gledelig overrasket da han dukket opp i Skolelinux-prosjektet etter å
6208 ikke ha sett noe til ham på mange år.</p>
6209
6210 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6211
6212 <p>Jeg er utdannet kokk av yrke, og har utøvet yrket i 12 år.  Men
6213 etter at ryggen sa takk før seg, studerte jeg nettverksadministrasjon
6214 ved Næringsakademiet i Bergen årene 2008-2009 slik at jeg kunne
6215 forfølge en av mine største interesser - data.  Til daglig jobber jeg
6216 ved <a href="http://www.narvikskolen.no/parken/">Parken
6217 ungdomsskole</a> med å drifte skolens PC-er. Har også litt
6218 musikkundervisning.</p>
6219
6220 <p>Mitt mål er å bevisstgjøre musikklærene mulighetene med de frie
6221 programmene som finnes i Skolelinux, blant annet Rosegarden.</p>
6222
6223 <p>Har i mange år drevet med musikk og en av grunnen til at Rosegarden
6224 falt i smak for min del, var fordi denne fungere og ligner mest på
6225 Windows-programmet (cubase) jeg jobbet mye med da jeg i mine yngre
6226 dager var «Windows fanatiker».  Ble introdusert til Linux av en kompis
6227 av meg for omtrent 14 år siden, og har bare blitt mer og mer glad i
6228 dette operativsystemet.</p>
6229
6230 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6231
6232 <p>Da jeg ble sykemeldt fra min gamle jobb, og måtte omskoleres,
6233 havnet jeg i 2007 sammen med Viggo Fedreheim på IKT-avdelingen i
6234 Narvik kommune, der ble jeg for første gang introdusert til
6235 Skolelinuxprosjektet.</p>
6236
6237 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6238
6239 <p>Skolelinux er enkelt å holde i drift og masse flotte programmer som
6240 geogebra, ktouch og kgeografi følger med pakken.  Man kan ta i bruk
6241 gamle PC-er igjen, slik at skoler med dårlig råd får opp en brukbar
6242 PC-park.  PC-er som er ca 6-9 år gamle fungere tilfredstillende, bare
6243 de har 512 MB RAM eller mer.</p>
6244
6245 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6246
6247 <p>Ulempene er at noen av de pedagogiske programmene som lærene ønsker
6248 å bruke fungere dårlig med Linux.  Mye pga. av at disse programmene
6249 blir ikke laget til Linuxbaserte operativsystemer.</p>
6250
6251 <p>Video- og bilde-redigering har dessverre en del mangler, mange av
6252 programmene har en tendens til og krasje.  Det gjelder blant annet
6253 <a href="http://www.kdenlive.org/">kdenlive</a> og
6254 <a href="http://www.openshotvideo.com/">openshot</a>, for å nevne
6255 noen.  De er ikke stabile nok.  Når elevene kommer med filmsnutter de
6256 ønsker og jobbe med, så godtar ikke programmene filene, og når elevene
6257 jobber med redigering bare krasjer programmene uten forvarsel.  Det er
6258 for vanskelig å få noe som bare fungerer ut av boksen her. Når en elev
6259 plugger inn et videokamera eller fotoapparat så er det alltid noe som
6260 ikke vil fungere.  Programmene godtar ikke format, godtar ikke
6261 kameraet, osv., osv. Det er dessverre med på og dra ned en positiv
6262 opplevelse av bruk av fri programvare.</p>
6263
6264 <p>Man må ofte bruke flere en et video redigerings program før og få
6265 fullført en ønsket oppgave.</p>
6266
6267 <p>Eksempel:</p>
6268
6269 <p>Hvis det ene programmet ikke vil ta i mot videofilen klarer et
6270 annet det, men det programmet som klarer det kan ikke gjøre de samme
6271 oppgavene som det programmet som ikke ville ta i mot filen,
6272 Tilsvarende er det med foto, man må bruke flere programmer for å få
6273 et ferdig resultat. Til dags dato har jeg enda ikke funnet et video-
6274 og fotoprogram som kan tilfredstillende fullføre en oppgave.</p>
6275
6276 <p>Så man kan klare og fullføre en oppgave, men i verste fall må man
6277 innom 3-4 programmer for å få det til.  Så jeg har enda ikke til dags
6278 dato sett at et program fungere 100% til alt.</p>
6279
6280 <p>Det programmet jeg har best erfaring til er
6281 <a href="http://cinelerra.org/">cinelerra</a>, men dessverre har det
6282 også tendenser og krasje av og til uten grunn.</p>
6283
6284 Lydsystemet kan også være et mareritt.  Konkret snakker jeg om når du
6285 bruker for eksempel et smartboard, så følger det med USB-lydkort på
6286 disse.  Problemet ligger her i at systemet ikke vil velge rett
6287 lydkort, så man må inn med padevchooser for å sette opp PulseAudio
6288 til og velge at USB-lydkortet skal brukes.  Det blir for tungvindt for
6289 lærene, de ønsker at ting skal fungere med en gang. (min løsning på
6290 det problemet ble at jeg måtte deaktivere lydkortet som fantes på
6291 maskinen) men da må man bestandig slå på smartboard-tavla.
6292
6293 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6294
6295 Programmene jeg bruker mest av er: Rosegarden, jack, qsynth, audacity,
6296 k3b, openttd og libreoffice.
6297
6298 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6299 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6300
6301 Jeg tror det må bevisstgjøring av Skolene til, dvs. reklamere høylytt
6302 og fortelle og vise de andre skolene at frie programvarer faktisk
6303 fungere.  Jeg trur faktisk mange ikke vet at det finnes frie
6304 alternativer.
6305
6306       </div>
6307       <div class="tags">
6308
6309
6310         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6311
6312
6313       </div>
6314     </div>
6315     <div class="padding"></div>
6316
6317     <div class="entry">
6318       <div class="title">
6319         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__J_rgen_Leibner.html">Debian Edu interview: Jürgen Leibner</a>
6320       </div>
6321       <div class="date">
6322         13th May 2012
6323       </div>
6324       <div class="body">
6325         <p>It has been a few busy weeks for me, but I am finally back to
6326 publish another interview with the people behind
6327 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>.
6328 This time it is one of our German developers, who have helped out over the
6329 years to make sure both a lot of major but also a lot of the minor
6330 details get right before release.
6331
6332 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
6333
6334 <p>My name is Jürgen Leibner, I'm 49 years old and living in
6335 Bielefeld, a town in northern Germany.  I worked nearly 20 years as
6336 certified engineer in the department for plant design and layout of an
6337 international company for machinery and equipment.  Since 2011 I'm a
6338 certified technical writer (tekom e.V.) and doing technical
6339 documentations for a steam turbine manufacturer.  From April this year
6340 I will manage the department of technical documentation at a
6341 manufacturer of automation and assembly line engineering.</p>
6342
6343 <p>My first contact with linux was around 1993. Since that time I used
6344 it at work and at home repeatedly but not exclusively as I do now at
6345 home since 2006.</p>
6346
6347 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
6348 project?</strong></p>
6349
6350 <p>Once a day in the early year of 2001 when I wanted to fetch my
6351 daughter from primary school, there was a teacher sitting in the
6352 middle of 20 old computers trying to boot them and he failed. I helped
6353 him to get them booting. That was seen by the school director and she
6354 asked me if I would like to manage that the school gets all that old
6355 computers in use. I answered: "Yes".</p>
6356
6357 <p>Some weeks later every of the 10 classrooms had one computer
6358 running Windows98. I began to collect old computers and equipment as
6359 gifts and installed the first computer room with a peer-to-peer
6360 network. I did my work at school without being payed in my spare time
6361 and with a lot of fun.  About one year later the school was connected
6362 to Internet and a local area network was installed in the school
6363 building.  That was the time to have a server and I knew it must be a
6364 Linux server to be able to fulfil all the wishes of the teachers and
6365 being able to do this in a transparent and economic way, without extra
6366 costs for things like licence and software.  So I searched for a
6367 school server system running under Linux and I found a couple of
6368 people nearby who founded 'skolelinux.de'. It was the Skolelinux
6369 prerelease 32 I first tried out for being used at the school.  I
6370 managed the IT of that school until the municipal authority took over
6371 the IT management and centralised the services for all schools in
6372 Bielefeld in December of 2006.</p>
6373
6374 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6375 Edu?</strong></p>
6376
6377 <p>When I'm looking back to the beginning, there were other advantages
6378 for me as today.</p>
6379
6380 <p>In the past there were advantages like:</p>
6381
6382 <p><ul>
6383
6384 <li>I don't need to buy it so it generates no costs to the school as
6385 they had little money to spent for computers and software.</li>
6386
6387 <li>It has a licence which grands all rights to use it without
6388 cost.</li>
6389
6390 <li>It was more able to fit all requirements of a server system for
6391 schools than a Microsoft server system, even if there are only Windows
6392 clients because of it's preconfigured overall concept of being a
6393 infrastructure solution and community for schools, not only a
6394 server</li>
6395
6396 <li>I was able to configure the server to the needs of the
6397 school.</li>
6398
6399 </ul></p>
6400
6401 <p>Today some of the advantages has been lost, changed or new ones
6402 came up in this way:</p>
6403
6404 <p><ul>
6405
6406 <li>Most schools here do have money to buy hardware and software
6407 now.</li>
6408
6409 <li>They are today mostly managed from central IT departments which
6410 have own concepts which often do not fit to Debian Edu concepts
6411 because they are to close to Microsoft ideology.</li>
6412
6413 <li>With the Squeeze version of Debian Edu which now uses GOsa² for
6414 management I feel more able to manage the daily tasks than with the
6415 interfaces used in the past.</li>
6416
6417 <li>It is more modular than in the past and fits even better to the
6418 different needs.</li>
6419
6420 <li>The documentation is usable and gets better every day.</li>
6421
6422 <li>More people than ever before are using Debian Edu all over the
6423 world and so the community, which is an very important part I think,
6424 is sharing knowledge and minds.</li>
6425
6426 <li>Most, maybe all, of the technical requirements for schools are
6427 solved today by Debian Edu. </li>
6428
6429 </ul></p>
6430
6431 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6432 Edu?</strong></p>
6433
6434 <p><ul>
6435
6436 <li>There are too few IT companies able to integrate Debian Edu into
6437 their product portfolio for serving schools with concepts or even
6438 whole municipality areas.</li>
6439
6440 <li>Debian Edu has beside other free and open software projects not
6441 enough lobbyists which promote free and open software to
6442 politicians.</li>
6443
6444 <li>Technically there are no disadvantages I'm aware of.</li>
6445
6446 </ul></p>
6447
6448 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
6449
6450 <p>I use Debian stable on my home server and on my little desktop
6451 computer. On my laptop I use Debian testing/sid. The applications I
6452 use on my laptop and my desktop are Open/Libre-office, Iceweasel,
6453 KMail, DigiKam, Amarok, Dolphin, okular and all the other programs I
6454 need from the KDE environment.  On console I use newsbeuter, mutt,
6455 screen, irssi and all the other famous and useful tools.</p>
6456
6457 <p>My home server provides mail services with exim, dovecot, roundcube
6458 and mutt over ssh on the console, file services with samba, NFS,
6459 rsync, web services with apache, moinmoin-wiki, multimedia services
6460 with gallery2 and mediatomb and database services with MySQL for me
6461 and the whole family.  I probably forgot something.</p>
6462
6463 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
6464 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
6465
6466 <p>I believe, we should provide concepts for IT companies to integrate
6467 Debian Edu into their product portfolio with use cases for different
6468 countries and areas all over the world.</p>
6469
6470       </div>
6471       <div class="tags">
6472
6473
6474         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
6475
6476
6477       </div>
6478     </div>
6479     <div class="padding"></div>
6480
6481     <div class="entry">
6482       <div class="title">
6483         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Forskning___GPL_gir_lokal_frihet_og_kontroll_gjennom_omfordeling_av_makt_fra_produsent_til_bruker_.html">Forskning: "GPL gir lokal frihet og kontroll gjennom omfordeling av makt fra produsent til bruker"</a>
6484       </div>
6485       <div class="date">
6486         15th April 2012
6487       </div>
6488       <div class="body">
6489         <p>Da jeg googlet etter noe annet kom jeg tilfeldigvis over
6490 <a href="http://www.duo.uio.no/sok/work.html?WORKID=58309">en
6491 hovedfagsoppgave</a> ved Universitetet i Oslo som diskuterer verdien
6492 av GPLs fire friheter for brukerne av IT-systemer.  Jeg ble fascinert
6493 over det som presenteres der.  Her er sammendraget:</p>
6494
6495 <p><blockquote>
6496
6497 <p>Motivasjonen til å skrive denne oppgaven er en personlig undring
6498 over hvorfor det primært, og ofte eksklusivt, fokuseres på det
6499 økonomiske aspektet ved utredninger om fri programvare er et godt valg
6500 for det offentlige. Fri og produsenteid programvare bygger på
6501 fundamentalt forskjellige ideologier som kan ha implikasjoner utover
6502 økonomiske kostnader. Kunnskapskulturen som er med på å definere fri
6503 programvare er basert på åpenhet, og er en verdi i seg selv.</p>
6504
6505 <p>Oppgavens tema er programvarelisensen GPL og frihet. GPL-lisensiert
6506 programvare gir visse friheter i forhold til produsenteid
6507 programvare. Mitt spørsmål er om, og eventuelt i hvilken utstrekning,
6508 disse frihetene blir benyttet av ulike brukere og hvordan de
6509 manifesterer seg for disse brukerne. Sentrale spørsmål i oppgaven
6510 er:</p>
6511
6512 <ul>
6513 <li>Hvordan fordeles handlekraft gjennom lisensieringen av programvaren?</li>
6514 <li>Hvilke konsekvenser har programvarelisensen for de ulike brukere? </li>
6515 </ul>
6516
6517 <p>Fri programvare gir blant annet brukeren mulighet til å studere og
6518 modifisere kildekoden. Denne formen for frihet erverves gjennom
6519 kunnskap og krever at brukeren også er en ekspert. Hva skjer med
6520 frihetene til GPL når sluttbrukeren er en annen? Dette diskuteres i
6521 dialog med informantene.</p>
6522
6523 <p>Jeg har i denne oppgaven samlet inn intervjudata fra IKT-ansvarlige
6524 ved grunnskolene i Nittedal kommune, driftsansvarlig og IKT-veilederen
6525 for skolene i kommunen, samt IKT-koordinator for utdanning i Akershus
6526 fylkeskommune og bokmåloversettere av OpenOffice.org. Den empiriske
6527 delen av oppgaven er delt inn i to seksjoner; den første omhandler
6528 operativsystemet Skolelinux, den andre kontorprogrampakken
6529 OpenOffice.org.</p>
6530
6531 <p>Som vi vil se gir GPL lokal frihet og kontroll gjennom omfordeling
6532 av makt fra produsent til bruker. Brukerens makt analyseres gjennom
6533 begrepene brukermedvirkning og handlingsfrihet. Det blir også lagt
6534 vekt på strukturelle forhold rundt bruken av teknologi, og spesielt de
6535 økonomiske begrepene nettverkseksternaliteter, innlåsing og
6536 stiavhengighet. Dette er begreper av spesiell nytte når objektet som
6537 omsettes eller distribueres er et kommunikasjonsprodukt, fordi verdien
6538 til et slikt gode for en potensiell bruker avhenger av antall
6539 eksisterende brukere av godet. I tilknytning til denne problematikken
6540 inneholder oppgaven også en diskusjon rundt åpne standarder og
6541 formater.</p>
6542
6543 <p>Oppgaven konkluderer med at de «fire frihetene» som GPL-lisensen er
6544 laget for å beskytte er av avgjørende betydning for bruken av
6545 OpenOffice.org og Skolelinux, i Akershus fylkeskommune såvel som i
6546 skolene i Nittedal. Distribusjonen av handlekraft er ikke helt
6547 symmetrisk. Det er først og fremst de profesjonelle utviklerne i
6548 Skolelinux som direkte kan nyttiggjøre seg friheten til å endre kode,
6549 mens en sluttbruker som Nittedal kommune nyttiggjør seg den økonomiske
6550 friheten til å kunne distribuere programmene. Det er imidlertid også
6551 slik at ingen aktør klarer seg uten alle disse «frihetene».</p>
6552 </blockquote></p>
6553
6554 <p>Jeg fant også en masteroppgave fra 2006, men der ligger ikke
6555 komplett oppgave tilgjengelig.  På tide å holde et øye med
6556 <a href="http://www.duo.uio.no/sok/search.html?q=skolelinux">Skolelinux-søket</a>
6557 til DUO...</p>
6558
6559
6560       </div>
6561       <div class="tags">
6562
6563
6564         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6565
6566
6567       </div>
6568     </div>
6569     <div class="padding"></div>
6570
6571     <div class="entry">
6572       <div class="title">
6573         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Andreas_Mundt.html">Debian Edu interview: Andreas Mundt</a>
6574       </div>
6575       <div class="date">
6576         15th April 2012
6577       </div>
6578       <div class="body">
6579         <p>Behind <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
6580 Skolelinux</a> there are a lot of people doing the hard work of
6581 setting together all the pieces.  This time I present to you Andreas
6582 Mundt, who have been part of the technical development team several
6583 years.  He was also a key contributor in getting GOsa and Kerberos set
6584 up in the recently released
6585 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">Debian
6586 Edu Squeeze</a> version.</p>
6587
6588 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
6589
6590 <p>My name is Andreas Mundt, I grew up in south Germany.  After
6591 studying Physics I spent several years at university doing research in
6592 Quantum Optics.  After that I worked some years in an optics company.
6593 Finally I decided to turn over a new leaf in my life and started
6594 teaching 10 to 19 years old kids at school.  I teach math, physics,
6595 information technology and science/technology.</p>
6596
6597 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
6598 project?</strong></p>
6599
6600 <p>Already before I switched to teaching, I followed the Debian Edu
6601 project because of my interest in education and Debian.  Within the
6602 qualification/training period for the teaching, I started
6603 contributing.</p>
6604
6605 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6606 Edu?</strong></p>
6607
6608 <p>The advantages of Debian Edu are the well known name, the
6609 out-of-the-box philosophy and of course the great free software of the
6610 Debian Project!</p>
6611
6612 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6613 Edu?</strong></p>
6614
6615 <p>As every coin has two sides, the out-of-the-box philosophy has its
6616 downside, too.  In my opinion, it is hard to modify and tweak the
6617 setup, if you need or want that.  Further more, it is not easily
6618 possible to upgrade the system to a new release.  It takes much too
6619 long after a Debian release to prepare the -Edu release, perhaps
6620 because the number of developers working on the core of the code is
6621 rather small and often busy elsewhere.</p>
6622
6623 <p>The <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianLAN">Debian LAN</a>
6624 project might fill the use case of a more flexible system.</p>
6625
6626 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
6627
6628 <p>I am only using non-free software if I am forced to and run Debian
6629 on all my machines.  For documents I prefer LaTeX and PGF/TikZ, then
6630 mutt and iceweasel for email respectively web browsing.  At school I
6631 have Arduino and Fritzing in use for a micro controller project.</p>
6632
6633 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
6634 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
6635
6636 <p>One of the major problems is the vendor lock-in from top to bottom:
6637 Especially in combination with ignorant government employees and
6638 politicians, this works out great for the "market-leader".  The school
6639 administration here in Baden-Wuerttemberg is occupied by that vendor.
6640 Documents have to be prepared in non-free, proprietary formats.  Even
6641 free browsers do not work for the school administration.  Publishers
6642 of school books provide software only for proprietary platforms.</p>
6643
6644 <p>To change this, political work is very important.  Parts of the
6645 political spectrum have become aware of the problem in the last years.
6646 However it takes quite some time and courageous politicians to 'free'
6647 the system.  There is currently some discussion about "Open Data" and
6648 "Free/Open Standards".  I am not sure if all the involved parties have
6649 a clue about the potential of these ideas, and probably only a
6650 fraction takes them seriously.  However it might slowly make free
6651 software and the philosophy behind it more known and popular.</p>
6652
6653       </div>
6654       <div class="tags">
6655
6656
6657         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
6658
6659
6660       </div>
6661     </div>
6662     <div class="padding"></div>
6663
6664     <div class="entry">
6665       <div class="title">
6666         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Justin_B__Rye.html">Debian Edu interview: Justin B. Rye</a>
6667       </div>
6668       <div class="date">
6669          8th April 2012
6670       </div>
6671       <div class="body">
6672         <p>It take all kind of contributions to create a Linux distribution
6673 like <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>,
6674 and this time I lend the ear to Justin B. Rye, who is listed as a big
6675 contributor to the
6676 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">Debian
6677 Edu Squeeze release manual</a>.
6678
6679 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
6680
6681 <p>I'm a 44-year-old linguistics graduate living in Edinburgh who has
6682 occasionally been employed as a sysadmin.</p>
6683
6684 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
6685 project?</strong></p>
6686
6687 <p>I'm neither a developer nor a Skolelinux/Debian Edu user!  The only
6688 reason my name's in the credits for the documentation is that I hang
6689 around on debian-l10n-english waiting for people to mention things
6690 they'd like a native English speaker to proofread...  So I did a sweep
6691 through the wiki for typos and Norglish and inconsistent spellings of
6692 "localisation".</p>
6693
6694 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6695 Edu?</strong></p>
6696
6697 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6698 Edu?</strong></p>
6699
6700 <p>These questions are too hard for me - I don't use it!  In fact I
6701 had hardly any contact with I.T. until long after I'd got out of the
6702 education system.</p>
6703
6704 <p>I can tell you the advantages of Debian for me though: it soaks up
6705 as much of my free time as I want and no more, and lets me do
6706 everything I want a computer for without ever forcing me to spend
6707 money on the latest hardware.</p>
6708
6709 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
6710
6711 <p>I've been using Debian since Rex; popularity-contest says the
6712 software that I use most is xinit, xterm, and xulrunner (in other
6713 words, I use a distinctly retro sort of desktop).</p>
6714
6715 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
6716 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
6717
6718 <p>Well, I don't know.  I suppose I'd be inclined to try reasoning
6719 with the people who make the decisions, but obviously if that worked
6720 you would hardly need a strategy.</p>
6721
6722       </div>
6723       <div class="tags">
6724
6725
6726         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
6727
6728
6729       </div>
6730     </div>
6731     <div class="padding"></div>
6732
6733     <div class="entry">
6734       <div class="title">
6735         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_the_KDE_menu_is_slow_when__usr__is_NFS_mounted___and_a_workaround.html">Why the KDE menu is slow when /usr/ is NFS mounted - and a workaround</a>
6736       </div>
6737       <div class="date">
6738          6th April 2012
6739       </div>
6740       <div class="body">
6741         <p>Recently I have spent time with
6742 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a> on speeding
6743 up a <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
6744 Lenny installation using LTSP diskless workstations, and in the
6745 process I discovered something very surprising.  The reason the KDE
6746 menu was responding slow when using it for the first time, was mostly
6747 due to the way KDE find application icons.  I discovered that showing
6748 the Multimedia menu would cause more than 20 000 IP packages to be
6749 passed between the LTSP client and the NFS server.  Most of these were
6750
6751 NFS LOOKUP calls, resulting in a NFS3ERR_NOENT response.  Because the
6752 ping times between the client and the server were in the range 2-20
6753 ms, the menus would be very slow.  Looking at the strace of kicker in
6754 Lenny (or plasma-desktop i Squeeze - same problem there), I see that
6755 the source of these NFS calls are access(2) system calls for
6756 non-existing files.  KDE can do hundreds of access(2) calls to find
6757 one icon file.  In my example, just finding the mplayer icon required
6758 around 230 access(2) calls.</p>
6759
6760 <p>The KDE code seem to search for icons using a list of icon
6761 directories, and the list of possible directories is large.  In
6762 (almost) each directory, it look for files ending in .png, .svgz, .svg
6763 and .xpm.  The result is a very slow KDE menu when /usr/ is NFS
6764 mounted.  Showing a single sub menu may result in thousands of NFS
6765 requests.  I am not the first one to discover this.  I found a
6766 <a href="https://bugs.kde.org/show_bug.cgi?id=211416">KDE bug report
6767 from 2009</a> about this problem, and it is still unsolved.</p>
6768
6769 <p>My solution to speed up the KDE menu was to create a package
6770 kde-icon-cache that upon installation will look at all .desktop files
6771 used to generate the KDE menu, find their icons, search the icon paths
6772 for the file that KDE will end up finding at run time, and copying the
6773 icon file to /var/lib/kde-icon-cache/.  Finally, I add symlinks to
6774 these icon files in one of the first directories where KDE will look
6775 for them.  This cut down the number of file accesses required to find
6776 one icon from several hundred to less than 5, and make the KDE menu
6777 almost instantaneous.  I'm not quite sure where to make the package
6778 publicly available, so for now it is only available on request.</p>
6779
6780 <p>The bug report mention that this do not only affect the KDE menu
6781 and icon handling, but also the login process.  Not quite sure how to
6782 speed up that part without replacing NFS with for example NBD, and
6783 that is not really an option at the moment.</p>
6784
6785 <p>If you got feedback on this issue, please let us know on debian-edu
6786 (at) lists.debian.org.</p>
6787
6788 <p>Update 2015-08-04: The
6789 <a href="http://anonscm.debian.org/cgit/debian-edu/upstream/kde-icon-cache.git/">source
6790 of the scripts and associated Debian package</a> is available from the
6791 Debian Edu github repository.</p>
6792
6793       </div>
6794       <div class="tags">
6795
6796
6797         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6798
6799
6800       </div>
6801     </div>
6802     <div class="padding"></div>
6803
6804     <div class="entry">
6805       <div class="title">
6806         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_in_the_Linux_Weekly_News.html">Debian Edu in the Linux Weekly News</a>
6807       </div>
6808       <div class="date">
6809          5th April 2012
6810       </div>
6811       <div class="body">
6812         <p>About two weeks ago, I was interviewed via email about
6813 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a> by
6814 Bruce Byfield in Linux Weekly News.  The result was made public for
6815 non-subscribers today.  I am pleased to see liked our Linux solution
6816 for schools.  Check out his article
6817 <a href="https://lwn.net/Articles/488805/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux: A
6818 distribution for education</a> if you want to learn more.</p>
6819
6820       </div>
6821       <div class="tags">
6822
6823
6824         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6825
6826
6827       </div>
6828     </div>
6829     <div class="padding"></div>
6830
6831     <div class="entry">
6832       <div class="title">
6833         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Wolfgang_Schweer.html">Debian Edu interview: Wolfgang Schweer</a>
6834       </div>
6835       <div class="date">
6836          1st April 2012
6837       </div>
6838       <div class="body">
6839         <p>Germany is a core area for the
6840 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
6841 user community, and this time I managed to get hold of Wolfgang
6842 Schweer, a valuable contributor to the project from Germany.
6843
6844 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
6845
6846 <p>I've studied Mathematics at the university 'Ruhr-Universität' in
6847 Bochum, Germany. Since 1981 I'm working as a teacher at the school
6848 "<a href="http://www.westfalenkolleg-dortmund.de/">Westfalen-Kolleg
6849 Dortmund</a>", a second chance school.  Here, young adults is given
6850 the opportunity to get further education in order to do the school
6851 examination 'Abitur', which will allow to study at a university. This
6852 second chance is of value for those who want a better job perspective
6853 or failed to get a higher school examination being teens.</p>
6854
6855 <p>Besides teaching I was involved in developing online courses for a
6856 blended learning project called 'abitur-online.nrw' and in some other
6857 information technology related projects. For about ten years I've been
6858 teacher and coordinator for the 'abitur-online' project at my
6859 school. Being now in my early sixties, I've decided to leave school at
6860 the end of April this year.</p>
6861
6862 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
6863 project?</strong></p>
6864
6865 <p>The first information about Skolelinux must have come to my
6866 attention years ago and somehow related to LTSP (Linux Terminal Server
6867 Project).  At school, we had set up a network at the beginning of 1997
6868 using Suse Linux on the desktop, replacing a Novell network. Since
6869 2002, we used old machines from the city council of Dortmund as thin
6870 clients (LTSP, later Ubuntu/Lessdisks) cause new hardware was out of
6871 reach. At home I'm using Debian since years and - subscribed to the
6872 Debian news letter - heard from time to time about Skolelinux. About
6873 two years ago I proposed to replace the (somehow undocumented and only
6874 known to me) system at school by a well known Debian based system:
6875 Skolelinux.</p>
6876
6877 <p>Students and teachers appreciated the new system because of a
6878 better look and feel and an enhanced access to local media on thin
6879 clients.  The possibility to alter and/or reset passwords using a GUI
6880 was welcomed, too. Being able to do administrative tasks using a GUI
6881 and to easily set up workstations using PXE was of very high value for
6882 the admin teachers.</p>
6883
6884 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6885 Edu?</strong></p>
6886
6887 <p>It's open source, easy to set up, stable and flexible due to it's
6888 Debian base. It integrates LTSP out-of-the-box. And it is documented!
6889 So it was a perfect choice.</p>
6890
6891 <p>Being open source, there are no license problems and so it's
6892 possible to point teachers and students to programs like
6893 OpenOffice.org, ViewYourMind (mind mapping) and The Gimp.  It's of
6894 high value to be able to adapt parts of the system to special needs of
6895 a school and to choose where to get support for this.</p>
6896
6897 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6898 Edu?</strong></p>
6899
6900 <p>Nothing yet.</p>
6901
6902 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
6903
6904 <p>At home (Debian Sid with Gnome Desktop): Iceweasel, LibreOffice,
6905 Mutt, Gedit, Document Viewer, Midnight Commander, flpsed (PDF
6906 Annotator).  At school (Skolelinux Lenny): Iceweasel, Gedit,
6907 LibreOffice.</p>
6908
6909 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
6910 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
6911
6912 <p>Some time ago I thought it was enough to tell people about it. But
6913 that doesn't seem to work quite well. Now I concentrate on those more
6914 interested and hope to get multiplicators that way.</p>
6915
6916       </div>
6917       <div class="tags">
6918
6919
6920         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
6921
6922
6923       </div>
6924     </div>
6925     <div class="padding"></div>
6926
6927     <div class="entry">
6928       <div class="title">
6929         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html">Linux-skoler har høyere PC-tetthet enn landsgjennomsnittet - pressemelding fra FRiSK</a>
6930       </div>
6931       <div class="date">
6932         30th March 2012
6933       </div>
6934       <div class="body">
6935         <p>I dag har <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no">FRiSK</a>
6936 sendt ut følgende pressemelding basert på mine beregninger av
6937 PC-tetthet på Linux-skoler:</p>
6938
6939 <p><strong>Linux-skoler har høyere PC-tetthet enn
6940 landsgjennomsnittet</strong></p>
6941
6942 <p>Oslo, 30 Mars 2012</p>
6943
6944 <p>Det er store forskjeller på skolenes digitale tilstand, viser
6945 undersøkelsen Monitor 2011 som er laget på oppdrag fra
6946 Kunnskapsdepartementet. Dette har ført til debatt om PC-tilgangen i
6947 skolen, og om de med Linux i skolen gjør det bedre bedre eller
6948 dårligere enn snittet i landet.</p>
6949
6950 <p>Nå har vi tallene. Skoler med Linux har 36% større PC-tetthet en
6951 landsgjennomsnittet. På spørsmål hvorfor skoler med Linux har større
6952 PC-tetthet, observerer Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken som er IKT-konsulent i
6953 Nord-Odal:</p>
6954
6955 <p><blockquote>"Vi erfarer at klienter med Skolelinux har god funksjon
6956 til de er 8 til 10 år gamle. Dette er omtrent dobbelt så lenge som
6957 andre løsninger, og skolene får mer datautstyr for
6958 pengene."</blockquote></p>
6959
6960 <p>Undersøkelsen baserer seg på 56 skoler som har gjort det offentlig
6961 at de kjører Skolelinux eller annen Linux-utgave. De kan også ha PC-er
6962 med Windows i skolenettet. Når en sammenligner PC-tetthetene på
6963 skolene i kommunene Flora, Harstad, Kongsvinger, Narvik, Nittedal,
6964 Nord-Odal og Randaberg, er det i snitt 2,28 elev pr. PC på skolene med
6965 Linux. På landsbasis er det 3.11 elev per PC i grunnskolen, i følge
6966 side 95 i Monitor-rapporten for 2011. Målingen viser dermed 36% større
6967 PC-tetthet i skoler med Linux.</p>
6968
6969 <p><strong>Om Skolelinux/Debian Edu</strong></p>
6970
6971 <p>Skolelinux har til hensikt å gi alle barn full tilgang til
6972 skoleaktuelle dataprogram på sitt eget morsmål. Derfor følger det med
6973 godt over 100 skoleaktuelle programmene laget for læring. De fleste
6974 programmene er oversatt til over 50 språk. Elevene skal også kunne
6975 studere alle sider av dataprogrammene. Derfor følger også kildekode
6976 med. Elever med interesse kan lære av eksperter som har laget
6977 systemet. Dette med enkelt programmering i læreprogram som KTurtle,
6978 til profesjonelle verktøy som Qt Creator eller Java.</p>
6979
6980 <p>Skolelinux er laget for sentralisert drift, der alt teknisk
6981 administrasjon av alle skolene kan gjøres sentralt fra kommunehuset
6982 eller sentralt i en region.  F.eks. drifter to-tre personer 70.000
6983 skoledatamaskiner på 200 skoler i delstaten Extremadura i
6984 Spania. Etter velykket bruk av Debian Edu i skolen, legger delstaten
6985 over til Debian på 40.000 datamaskiner i administrasjonen. Det er idag
6986 mange selskap som tilbyr profesjonell støtte til innføring og drift i
6987 Norge og verden.</p>
6988
6989 <p><strong>Om FRiSK</strong></p>
6990
6991 <p>Medlemsforeningen Fri Programvare i Skolen organiserer
6992 dugnadsprosjektet som står bak Skolelinux.</p>
6993
6994 <p><strong>Kontaktperson</strong></p>
6995
6996 <p>Knut Yrvin</p>
6997
6998 <p>Leder av Fri Programvare i Skolen (FRISK)</p>
6999
7000 <p>Epost: knuty at skolelinux.no
7001 <br>Mobil: +47 93 479 561</p>
7002
7003 <p><strong>Referanser</strong></p>
7004
7005 <p><ul>
7006
7007  <li><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">http://www.skolelinux.org/</a></li>
7008  <li><a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/</a></li>
7009  <li><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Download">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Download</a></li>
7010  <li><a href="https://www.wis.no/gsi">https://www.wis.no/gsi</a></li>
7011  <li><a href="http://iktsenteret.no/sites/iktsenteret.no/files/attachments/monitor2011.pdf">http://iktsenteret.no/sites/iktsenteret.no/files/attachments/monitor2011.pdf</a></li>
7012  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html</a></li>
7013  <li><a href="https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/linuxiskolen/2012-March/018500.html">https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/linuxiskolen/2012-March/018500.html</a></li>
7014
7015 </ul></p>
7016
7017       </div>
7018       <div class="tags">
7019
7020
7021         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7022
7023
7024       </div>
7025     </div>
7026     <div class="padding"></div>
7027
7028     <div class="entry">
7029       <div class="title">
7030         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Roy_Arne_Myhre.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Roy-Arne Myhre</a>
7031       </div>
7032       <div class="date">
7033         28th March 2012
7034       </div>
7035       <div class="body">
7036         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
7037 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi
7038 denne gangen høre fra en IKT-ansvarlig som har brukt Skolelinux i
7039 mange år, og vært storfornøyd med erfaringene så langt.</p>
7040
7041 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7042
7043 <p>Mitt navn er Roy-Arne Myhre og jeg er 42 år.  Jeg er ansatt hos
7044 <a href="http://www.sandskole.no/">Sand skole</a> (Balsfjord kommune)
7045 og har stort sett vært det siden 1990.  Jeg er IKT ansvarlig ved
7046 skolen i 40% stilling – 10% undervisning – musikk.</p>
7047
7048 <p>Ved skolen er det ca 100 elever og ca 18 lærere + 4 assistenter i
7049 hele og delte stillinger. Alle lærerne har bærbar PC (dessverre med
7050 Win Vista) – assistenter har tilgang til egne. Vi benytter Fronter i
7051 det daglige arbeidet.  Vi har ca 90 elevmaskiner som fungerer til
7052 daglig opp mot Linux server (XFCE) som driftes av
7053 <a href="http://www.bzz.no/">BzzWare AS</a> via nett. Maskinparken
7054 består kun av brukt utstyr for elevene – og noe av dette begynner å
7055 bli vel gammelt selv som halvtykke klienter.</p>
7056
7057 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med
7058 Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7059
7060 <p>Vi kom første gang i kontakt med Skolelinux rundt 1997. Den gang
7061 var det oppstart-disketter i hver maskin, ikke mulighet for lyd og
7062 video, gamle nettverkskort og mye plundring.  Vi hadde en ihuga
7063 forelder med som pådriver, forsker og inspirator for hele opplegget.
7064 Selv ante jeg knapt at Skolelinux fantes, men han var av den
7065 utforskende typen, og fikk både meg og skolelederen i trua på at dette
7066 var ting som kunne fungere.  Etter dette har det gått gradvis
7067 framover; flere maskiner er hentet inn gjennom bl.a
7068 <a href="http://www.greentech.no/">Greentech</a> og utrangert utstyr
7069 fra høgskole / Avinor og private givere. Når maskinene ble for trege
7070 for nye Windows-versjoner, sto vi klare til å putte dem i nettverket
7071 vårt.  Dette betyr at vi i dag har 1:1 dekning av maskiner på
7072 ungdomstrinnet og bedre enn 1:2 på barnetrinnet. Dette er vi veldig
7073 fornøyd med, og vi kan ikke se for oss hverdagen som ville vært
7074 alternativet ved bruk av Windows med sine lisenser pr. Bruker/maskin.
7075 Da ville vi nok vært tilbake til 1-2 maskiner pr klasserom med de
7076 negative konsekvenser det ville hatt for undervisningsformene våre. Vi
7077 kan ha en hel klasse i prosjektjobbing eller individuell jobbing
7078 samtidig – vi kan avholde tentamen og eksamen uten
7079 logistikkproblemer.</p>
7080
7081 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7082
7083 Hvor skal jeg begynne... Stabiliteten er et nøkkelord - det bare
7084 virker.  Har du først fått en server med Skolelinux opp og gå, så må
7085 det en maskinarefeil eller sabotasje til for å stoppe den.  Det at man
7086 kan bruke eldre maskiner som normalt sett ville gått på dynga, er også
7087 glimrende - billig for skoler med dårlig økonomi og bra for miljøet
7088 siden vi gjenbruker utstyr i stedet for å skaffe nytt. Vi ville aldri
7089 hatt mulighet til å operere med det maskinantallet vi har pr i dag
7090 hvis det ikke var for Skolelinux - så tilgjengelighet er et annet
7091 nøkkelord. Et tredje moment er sikkerhet og brukertilgang. Alle
7092 brukerer opererer med egne brukernavn og passord, samt egne
7093 brukerområder som kan tilpasses for både enbrukertilgang og for
7094 samarbeid med andre.
7095
7096 Elever har godt av å se at det finnes andre alternativer enn de som
7097 storindustrien selger på lisensbasis - på den måten trenes de opp til
7098 å se flere muligheter og å foreta valg ut fra flere opsjoner.
7099
7100 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7101
7102 <p>Ulempene med Skolelinux er nok utbredelsen og mangelen på kjennskap
7103 til dette i skolenorge.  De som skal ta økonomiske avgjørelser rynker
7104 på nesen og vil gå for det kjente og «sikre» selv om det koster mye
7105 mer. Man får rett og slett litt hetta av å ikke kunne noe – og unngår
7106 dette for enhver pris.</p>
7107
7108 <p>I tillegg er mye av linux-systemet administrert av tekstkommandoer
7109 og er lite intuitiv/visuell for oss som ikke er «inne i»
7110 kildekodene». Så problemet er nok mye godt at de som
7111 utarbeider/drifter Skolelinux ikke helt klarer å sette seg ned på
7112 skoleadministratorens nivå når det gjelder problemer og
7113 utfordringer. Men dette er nok en utfordring alle administratorer
7114 sliter med uansett OS.</p>
7115
7116 <p>Derfor har vi valgt å støtte oss til BzzWare AS for assistanse i
7117 drifta slik at jeg har kunnet konsentrere meg mer om kabling, skifting
7118 av komponenter, veiledning av lærere og elever, vedlikehold av
7119 skrivere og annen daglig drift.</p>
7120
7121 <p>Elevene mestrer Skolelinux helt fint.  Så lenge Internett
7122 (Iceweasel) og Libreoffice (Openoffice) fungerer er 90% av
7123 skolehverdagen velfungerende. I tillegg brukes jo en del av den
7124 pedagogiske programpakken bla. i forhold til matematikk og geografi,
7125 men det er såpass mye bra på nett om dagen, så disse programmene er
7126 mer som krydder å regne.</p>
7127
7128 <p>Jeg skulle ønske neste versjon av Skolelinux kunne komme litt
7129 mindre stappet med programmer, for halvparten blir aldri brukt, eller
7130 fungerer ikke uansett.  Hva med et pedagogisk panel av lærere/IKT
7131 ansvarlige som kunne sagt: disse programmene skal være standard, så
7132 får resten være slike man kan legge til ved behov – det kan lett bli
7133 en jungel å bevege seg i.</p>
7134
7135 <p>Jeg ønsker meg også en mer grafisk versjon av
7136 <a href="http://bzz.no/lwat/trac/trac.cgi">Lwat</a> hvor man kan krysse
7137 ut de som f.eks ikke skal ha internett-tilgang en dag pga
7138 eksamen/tentamen, samt en noe enklere brannmurløsning hvor man kan
7139 stenge for en del (få) sider på en enkel måte.  Jeg liker godt
7140 Skolelinux sin ideologi om at filteret skal trenes i hodet på eleven –
7141 men av og til skulle jeg ønske at f.eks Facebook og Youtube kunne vært
7142 koblet vekk en periode for å få bedre utnyttelse av tid og
7143 ressurser. Disse to nettstedene er nok mye av årsaken til at mange
7144 lærere holder igjen databruken noe mer enn man kunne ønske.</p>
7145
7146 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7147
7148 Jeg benytter nesten bare fri programvare til daglig. LibreOffice,
7149 Iceweasel (Firefox), Thunderbird til e-post og Gimp til
7150 bildebehandling.  Vi har PHP-Nuke-oppsatt hjemmeside. Det eneste som
7151 jeg ikke har fått helt til enda er videoredigering - her må man vel
7152 innrømme at Mac er hakket over, men da er vi igjen over på å se hva
7153 som egner seg best, og ta valg ut fra det. Folk flest lever i
7154 villfarelsen om at regneark HETER Excel og tekstbehandling HETER
7155 Word. Dette er en misforståelse som jeg bruker mye energi på å
7156 diskutere og "åpne sinn" på Microsoft-slaver.  Dessverre er det mange
7157 IKT-ansvarlige som også har låst seg på at det eneste saliggjørende er
7158 Bill G sine produkter.
7159
7160 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7161 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7162
7163 <p>For å komme lenger i utbredelsen av Skolelinux tror jeg det må mer
7164 fram i nasjonale medier, samt komme bedre fram hva økonomien i dette
7165 valget vil være – samt mulighetene. Fri programvare er en berikelse og
7166 gjør oss i stand til å utføre arbeidet i skolen uten å måtte legge
7167 igjen tusener på tusener i Bill Gates lomme.. Få ETT nettsted med
7168 forståelig veiledning av installasjon/oppgradering og ETT forum med
7169 konkrete feilrettinger og problemer, så tror jeg vi kunne kommet et
7170 par skritt framover. Ellers tror jeg bare at ildsjelene må fortsette å
7171 skinne – kanskje flere enn oss følger etter på veien.</p>
7172
7173       </div>
7174       <div class="tags">
7175
7176
7177         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7178
7179
7180       </div>
7181     </div>
7182     <div class="padding"></div>
7183
7184     <div class="entry">
7185       <div class="title">
7186         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_screencast__Checking_email_with_kmail_using_Kerberos_authentication.html">Debian Edu screencast: Checking email with kmail using Kerberos authentication</a>
7187       </div>
7188       <div class="date">
7189         25th March 2012
7190       </div>
7191       <div class="body">
7192         <!-- Video HTML based on http://www.diveintohtml5.net/video.html -->
7193
7194 <p>The same Debian Edu developer that did the last screen cast I
7195 published, Wolfgang Schweer, has created a new screen cast showing how
7196 to set up Kmail in Debian Edu Squeze to authenticate using Kerberos,
7197 allowing users to check their local email account without providing
7198 any password. The video is embedded here in quarter size,
7199 and also available from <a href="https://vimeo.com/38601767">vimeo</a>
7200 and download as a
7201 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv">Ogg
7202 Theora</a> file.  Check it out below.</p>
7203
7204 <p><video id="kmail-kerberos-movie" width="256" height="184" preload controls>
7205   <source src="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv" type='video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"' />
7206     <p>Download video as
7207       <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv">Ogg</a>.</p>
7208 </video></p>
7209
7210       </div>
7211       <div class="tags">
7212
7213
7214         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7215
7216
7217       </div>
7218     </div>
7219     <div class="padding"></div>
7220
7221     <div class="entry">
7222       <div class="title">
7223         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html">Større PC-tetthet i skolen med Skolelinux?</a>
7224       </div>
7225       <div class="date">
7226         19th March 2012
7227       </div>
7228       <div class="body">
7229         <p>Den siste uka har det vært en del skriverier om hvor store
7230 forskjeller det er mellom skolene når det gjelder digital kompetanse.
7231 Et eksempel er
7232 <a href="http://www.digi.no/891660/bekymret-for-it-i-skolen">oppslaget
7233 i Digi</a>.  Diskusjonen fikk meg til å bli litt nysgjerrig på om
7234 Linux-skoler har større PC-tettet enn snittet i landet.  Grunnlaget
7235 for diskusjonen har vært undersøkelsen
7236 <a href="https://iktsenteret.no/ressurser/monitor-2011-skolens-digitale-tilstand">Monitor
7237 2011</a>, som bruker informasjon fra
7238 <a href="https://www.wis.no/gsi">Grunnskolens Informasjonssystem</a>
7239 (GSI).  GSI-data kan lastes ned fra web og jeg lastet ned en Excel-fil
7240 (intet åpen standard-valg tilgjengelig) med navn på alle skoler,
7241 hvilke kommune de befinner seg i og hvor mange elever pr. elev-PC de
7242 har rapportert inn.  For å få en ide om svaret trenger jeg deretter å
7243 vite hvilke skoler i landet som bruker Linux, slik at jeg kan slå dem
7244 opp i GSI og finne ut hvor stor PC-tetthet de har.</p>
7245
7246 <p>Jeg vet om skoler i Balsfjord, Flora, Harstad, Kongsvinger, Narvik,
7247 Nittedal, Nord-Odal, Randaberg og Sunndal som bruker Skolelinux eller
7248 andre Linux-varianter.  Jeg tror det er flere enn de 56 skolene jeg
7249 har klart å identifisere de siste dagene, men har ikke klart å få det
7250 bekreftet med offentlige kilder.</p>
7251
7252 <p>Monitor 2011-rapporteres side 95 forteller at det "ifølge GSI
7253 (20120-2011) er det 3,11 elever per datamaskin når vi tar med alle
7254 grunnskoler (1.-10.trinn)".  For de 56 Linux-skolene jeg har klart å
7255 koble mot informasjon i GSI er det 2,28 elever per elevdatamaskin,
7256 hvilket betyr at det er 36% høyere PC-tetthet på Linux-skoler enn
7257 landsgjennomsnittet.  Linux-skolen med høyest tettet blant de jeg har
7258 notert -skole er Flora ungdomsskule i Flora kommune med 0.82 elev
7259 pr. PC (482 elever, 588 elevdatamaskiner).</p>
7260
7261 <p>Skolelinux gir datamaskiner lengre levetid, og en kan dermed få
7262 flere operative datamaskiner for samme budsjett, i tillegg til en
7263 rekke andre fordeler.  Kan det være forklaringen på forskjellen?</p>
7264
7265 <p>Tallene må tas med en liten klype, da GSI ser ut til å ha endel
7266 feilføringer.  Jeg synes i hvert fall en skole med 423 elever og 9
7267 elevmaskiner ser mistenkelig ut.  Eller en skole med 346 elever, 0
7268 elevmaskiner, som er et annet ekstremt eksempel jeg fant.</p>
7269
7270 <p>Takk til Sturle Sunde, Klaus Ade Johnstad, Ole-Anders Andreassen og
7271 Trond Mæhlum for innspill om skoler med Linux.</p>
7272
7273       </div>
7274       <div class="tags">
7275
7276
7277         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7278
7279
7280       </div>
7281     </div>
7282     <div class="padding"></div>
7283
7284     <div class="entry">
7285       <div class="title">
7286         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__John_Ingleby.html">Debian Edu interview: John Ingleby</a>
7287       </div>
7288       <div class="date">
7289         19th March 2012
7290       </div>
7291       <div class="body">
7292         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
7293 users are spread all across the globe.  The second inteview after
7294 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">the
7295 Squeeze release</a> was publised is with John Ingleby, a teacher and
7296 long time Linux user in United Kingdom.</p>
7297
7298 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
7299
7300 <p>I teach ICT part time at the Rudolf Steiner School in Kings
7301 Langley, near London, UK. Previously I worked as a technical
7302 author/trainer while my children attended the school, and I also
7303 contributed to the Schoolforge UK community with the aim of
7304 encouraging UK schools to adopt free/open source software. Five or six
7305 years ago we had about 50 schools interested in some way, but we
7306 weren't able to convert many of them into sustainable
7307 installations.</p>
7308
7309 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
7310 project?</strong></p>
7311
7312 <p>Skolelinux had two representatives at an early Edubuntu meeting in
7313 London which I attended. However at that time our school network had
7314 just been installed using CentOS, LTSP 4 and GNOME. When LTSP 5 came
7315 along we switched to Edubuntu thin client servers so now we have a
7316 mixed environment which includes Windows PCs and student laptops, as
7317 well as their MacBooks and iPads. However, the proprietary systems
7318 have always been rather problematic, and we never built a GUI for the
7319 LDAP server, so when I discovered Skolelinux is configured for all
7320 these things we decided to try it.</p>
7321
7322 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
7323 Edu?</strong></p>
7324
7325 <p>By far the biggest advantage is the Debian Edu community. Apart
7326 from that I have always believed in the same "sustainable computing"
7327 goals that Skolelinux is built on: installing Linux on computers which
7328 would otherwise be thrown away, to provide a reliable, secure and
7329 low-cost IT environment for schools. From my own experience I know
7330 that a part-time person can teach and manage a network of about 25
7331 Linux computers, but it would take much more of my time if we had
7332 proprietary software everywhere.</p>
7333
7334 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
7335 Edu?</strong></p>
7336
7337 <p>As a newcomer I'm just finding out who's who in the community and
7338 how you're organised, and what your procedures are for dealing with
7339 various things such as editing manual pages and so-on. The only
7340 English language mailing list seems to be for developers as well as
7341 users, so my inbox needs heavy pruning each day!</p>
7342
7343 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
7344
7345 <p>Besides the software already mentioned at school we use Samba,
7346 OpenLDAP, CUPS, Nagios and Dansguardian for the network, and on the
7347 desktops we have LibreOffice, Firefox, GIMP and Inkscape. At home I
7348 use Ubuntu and an Android 4 eePad Transformer (but I'm not sure if
7349 that counts...)</p>
7350
7351 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
7352 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
7353
7354 <p>That's a tough question! For very many years UK schools installed
7355 and taught only proprietary software, so that at the highest levels
7356 the notion of "computer" means simply "proprietary office
7357 applications".  However, schools today are experiencing budget
7358 constraints, and many are having to think hard about upgrading Windows
7359 XP.  At the same time, we have students showing teachers how to use
7360 iPads, MacBooks and Android, so the choice of operating system is no
7361 longer quite so automatic. What is more, our government at last
7362 realised that we need people with programming skills, so they're
7363 putting coding back in the curriculum! And it's encouraging that the
7364 first 10,000 Raspberry Pi units sold out in 2 hours.</p>
7365
7366 <p>I don't really know what strategy is going to get UK schools to use
7367 free software, but building an active community of Skolelinux/Debian
7368 Edu users in this country has to be part of it.</p>
7369
7370       </div>
7371       <div class="tags">
7372
7373
7374         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
7375
7376
7377       </div>
7378     </div>
7379     <div class="padding"></div>
7380
7381     <div class="entry">
7382       <div class="title">
7383         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Writing_and_translating_documentation_in_Debian_Edu.html">Writing and translating documentation in Debian Edu</a>
7384       </div>
7385       <div class="date">
7386         16th March 2012
7387       </div>
7388       <div class="body">
7389         <p>Documentation in Debian Edu is provided in several languages, and
7390 it is important to make it both easy to contribute and to keep the
7391 translated versions in sync.  To do this we have come up with what we
7392 believe is a very efficient work flow.</p>
7393
7394 <ol>
7395
7396 <li>The documentation is written in a
7397 <a href="http://moinmo.in">moinmoin wiki</a> (see for example
7398 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">the
7399 Squeeze release manual</a>) with support for exporting the content as
7400 docbook XML.</li>
7401
7402 <li>This docbook document is given to po4a to extract a gettext style
7403 .pot file with the content, which in turn is used to create .po files
7404 with the translated text.</li>
7405
7406 <li>The .po files are given to translators, and they can always tell
7407 which part of the original wiki document is new or changed.  They can
7408 use their normal translation tools like lokalize or poedit to write
7409 the translation.  There is even a system in place to handle translated
7410 images.</li>
7411
7412 <li>The translated .po files are combined with the original docbook
7413 XML document using po4a to create a translated docbook document.</li>
7414
7415 <li>The final step is to use all the generated docbook files and
7416 create PDF and HTML version of the original and translated documents.</li>
7417
7418 </ol>
7419
7420 <p>This setup work very well, but have a few issues.  The biggest
7421 issue is that <a href="http://moinmo.in/DocBook">the docbook support
7422 we use in moinmoin</a> is not actively maintained.  The docbook
7423 support is also buggy, and our build system contain workarounds to
7424 make sure the generated docbook is usable despite these bugs.</p>
7425
7426 <p>If you want to have a look at our setup, it is all there in the
7427 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/debian-edu-doc">debian-edu-doc
7428 package</a>.</p>
7429
7430       </div>
7431       <div class="tags">
7432
7433
7434         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7435
7436
7437       </div>
7438     </div>
7439     <div class="padding"></div>
7440
7441     <div class="entry">
7442       <div class="title">
7443         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/NUUG_presentasjon__Skolelinux___ferdig_oppsatt_skolenettl_sning.html">NUUG-presentasjon: Skolelinux - ferdig oppsatt skolenettløsning</a>
7444       </div>
7445       <div class="date">
7446         13th March 2012
7447       </div>
7448       <div class="body">
7449         <p>I dag presenterte jeg ny versjon av Skolelinux for NUUGs medlemmer.
7450 <a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/mypapers/20120313-skolelinux-squeeze.html">Lysark</a>
7451 er tilgjengelige allerede og
7452 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20120313-skolelinux/">video-opptak</a>
7453 kommer så snart videogruppa til NUUG får publisert den.  Jeg kom på
7454 endel punkter om nye ting i Squeeze-utgaven under veis som jeg burde
7455 hatt med, og har sikkert skrevet noe tull på lysarkene som jeg ennå
7456 ikke har oppdaget.  Denne presentasjonen ble smurt ihop på veldig kort
7457 tid, og jeg rakk ikke finpusse den.  Håper den kan være lærerik
7458 likevel.</p>
7459
7460       </div>
7461       <div class="tags">
7462
7463
7464         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
7465
7466
7467       </div>
7468     </div>
7469     <div class="padding"></div>
7470
7471     <div class="entry">
7472       <div class="title">
7473         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__K_re_Nordby.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Kåre Nordby</a>
7474       </div>
7475       <div class="date">
7476         12th March 2012
7477       </div>
7478       <div class="body">
7479         <p>Første ut i serien med intervjuer av folk i
7480 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet etter at
7481 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">ny
7482 versjon av Skolelinux</a> ble lansert i helga, er nylig valgte
7483 styremedlem i foreningen
7484 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
7485 Skolen</a> (FRiSK) som organiserer
7486 Skolelinux-utviklingen og daglig leder i
7487 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a>, selskapet
7488 prosjektet opprettet som et tilbud til skoler som ønsket en
7489 kommersiell samarbeidsparter.  Det bør nevnes at jeg er styremedlem i
7490 Skolelinux Drift AS og styreleder i selskapets hovedeier stiftelsen
7491 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/">SLX Debian Labs</a>
7492 som beskytter verdiene til Skolelinux-prosjektet, og kjenner Kåre den
7493 veien.</p>
7494
7495 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7496
7497 <p>Jeg har siden januar 2010 vært daglig leder i Skolelinux Drift AS,
7498 som leverer support, installasjon, tilpasning, drift, og opplæring på
7499 Debian Edu / Skolelinux. Fra 2012 er jeg valgt inn som styremedlem i
7500 FRiSK.  Min forrige jobb var som KAM i Redpill Linpro (som er en av
7501 eierne i Skolelinux Drift).  Før det var jeg daglig leder i et eget 7
7502 manns konsulent selskap som også startet med fri programvare mot
7503 slutten.</p>
7504
7505 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7506
7507 <p>Jeg hørte om det først når jeg jobbet i Redpill Linpro.  Men jeg
7508 har også en datter som går på en friskole, som også bruker Skolelinux.
7509 Som kjent har ikke friskoler de samme økonomiske rammebetingelsene som
7510 offentlige skoler, så for dem var det det absolutt beste alternativet.
7511 De anser også Skolelinux som et stabilt system, som bare går og går (i
7512 motsetning til det lille Windows-baserte nettverket de har på
7513 admin-siden).</p>
7514
7515 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7516
7517 <p>Sentralisert drift av tynne og diskløse arbeidsstasjoner. Således
7518 lydløse og raskere arbeidsstasjoner som er bedre i klasserommet.
7519 Lengre levetid på PC'er.  Store besparelser på maskinvare og drift. Og
7520 så klart fjerning av alle lisenskostnader. Personlig synes jeg også at
7521 mange av programmene er bedre enn alternativene. Men dette er ofte en
7522 smakssak og avhengig om man må ha det man er vant til fra før.</p>
7523
7524 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7525
7526 <p>For lite kjentskap til løsningen.  Noen ganger for dårlig
7527 kompatibilitet med arbeidsstasjoners/bærbare maskiner sine
7528 nettverksdrivere eller skjermkort. Men dette løser vi i skolene ved
7529 standardisering. Ellers er det få, om nesten ingen, av de kjente
7530 maskinvare / infrastruktur leverandørene til fylkes- / kommuner som
7531 tilbyr denne plattformen.  Skal dette endre seg så må kommunene selv
7532 sette slike krav til leverandørene.</p>
7533
7534 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7535
7536 <p>Har brukt OpenOffice.org siden starten (2001 ?), Kun Linux på
7537 desktop siden 2005. Bruker i dag Kubuntu, Libreoffice og ymse annet
7538 programvare til ulik kontorbruk som er lett å installere / teste via
7539 alle programarkivene som finnes.</p>
7540
7541 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7542 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7543
7544 <p>Fortsette å presentere flere av de gode eksemplene hvor Debian Edu
7545 / Skolelinux brukes i kommuner og enkeltskoler.  Vi må få bedre frem
7546 at det er mulig tilknytte både Windows og Mac klienter på denne
7547 plattformen (selv om det vil øke driftskostnadene).  Dette gjøres
7548 mange steder.  Spesielt er det mange lærere som ønsker å bruke
7549 Windows/Mac-bærbare, gjerne som sin private PC også. Det er også mulig
7550 for kommunen å integrere med Active Directory i stedet for OpenLDAP
7551 som kommer med ut av boksen (selv om også dette øker kostnadene).
7552 Dette vil muligens bidra til å fjerne noe motstand hos noen
7553 potensielle brukere / driftpersonell for å ta i bruk noe
7554 nytt. Fremveksten av mobile brukere og nettbrett går i vår favør.
7555 Brukerne blir kjent og vant til flere nye operativsystemer /
7556 brukergrensesnitt. Så utviklerfellesskapet bør jobbe videre med å
7557 integrere flere nye klienttyper, som ultra lav-kostklienter og
7558 nettbrett (blant annet fri programvare-alternativet
7559 <a href="http://makeplaylive.com/">Spark</a> med
7560 <a href="http://www.merproject.org/">Mer OS</a> og
7561 <a href="http://plasma-active.org/">KDE Active Plasma</a>).</p>
7562
7563       </div>
7564       <div class="tags">
7565
7566
7567         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7568
7569
7570       </div>
7571     </div>
7572     <div class="padding"></div>
7573
7574     <div class="entry">
7575       <div class="title">
7576         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_Squeeze_is_out_.html">Skolelinux / Debian Edu Squeeze is out!</a>
7577       </div>
7578       <div class="date">
7579         11th March 2012
7580       </div>
7581       <div class="body">
7582         <p>This weekend we finally published the first stable release of
7583 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a> based
7584 on Debian/Squeeze.  The full announcement is
7585 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">available</a>
7586 from the project announcement list.  Now is a good time to test if it
7587 you have not done so already.</p>
7588
7589 <p>I plan to present the new version at
7590 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20120313-skolelinux/">a NUUG
7591 meeting</a> on tuesday.  I look forward to seeing you there if you are
7592 in Oslo, Norway.</p>
7593
7594       </div>
7595       <div class="tags">
7596
7597
7598         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7599
7600
7601       </div>
7602     </div>
7603     <div class="padding"></div>
7604
7605     <div class="entry">
7606       <div class="title">
7607         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Nigel_Barker.html">Debian Edu interview: Nigel Barker</a>
7608       </div>
7609       <div class="date">
7610          9th March 2012
7611       </div>
7612       <div class="body">
7613         <p>Inspired by <a href="http://raphaelhertzog.com/tag/interview/">the
7614 interview series</a> conducted by Raphael, I started a Norwegian
7615 interview series with people involved in the Debian Edu / Skolelinux
7616 community.  This was so popular that I believe it is time to move to a
7617 more international audience.</p>
7618
7619 <p>While <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
7620 Skolelinux</a> originated in France and Norway, and have most users in
7621 Europe, there are users all around the globe.  One of those far away
7622 from me is Nigel Barker, a long time Debian Edu system administrator
7623 and contributor.  It is thanks to him that Debian Edu is adjusted to
7624 work out of the box in Japan.  I got him to answer a few questions,
7625 and am happy to share the response with you. :)
7626
7627
7628 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
7629
7630 <p>My name is Nigel Barker, and I am British. I am married to Yumiko,
7631 and we have three lovely children, aged 15, 14 and 4(!) I am the IT
7632 Coordinator at Hiroshima International School, Japan. I am also a
7633 teacher, and in fact I spend most of my day teaching Mathematics,
7634 Science, IT, and Chemistry. I was originally a Chemistry teacher, but
7635 I have always had an interest in computers. Another teacher teaches
7636 primary school IT, but apart from that I am the only computer person,
7637 so that means I am the network manager, technician and webmaster,
7638 also, and I help people with their computer problems. I teach python
7639 to beginners in an after-school club. I am way too busy, so I really
7640 appreciate the simplicity of Skolelinux.</p>
7641
7642 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
7643 project?</strong></p>
7644
7645 <p>In around 2004 or 5 I discovered the ltsp project, and set up a
7646 server in the IT lab. I wanted some way to connect it to our central
7647 samba server, which I was also quite poor at configuring. I discovered
7648 Edubuntu when it came out, but it didn't really improve my setup. I
7649 did various desperate searches for things like "school Linux server"
7650 and ended up in a document called "Drift" something or other. Reading
7651 there it became clear that Skolelinux was going to solve all my
7652 problems in one go. I was very excited, but apprehensive, because my
7653 previous attempts to install Debian had ended in failure (I used
7654 Mandrake for everything - ltsp, samba, apache, mail, ns...). I
7655 downloaded a beta version, had some problems, so subscribed to the
7656 Debian Edu list for help. I have remained subscribed ever since, and
7657 my school has run a Skolelinux network since Sarge.</p>
7658
7659 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
7660 Edu?</strong></p>
7661
7662 <p>For me the integrated setup. This is not just the server, or the
7663 workstation, or the ltsp. Its all of them, and its all configured
7664 ready to go. I read somewhere in the early documentation that it is
7665 designed to be setup and managed by the Maths or Science teacher, who
7666 doesn't necessarily know much about computers, in a small Norwegian
7667 school. That describes me perfectly if you replace Norway with
7668 Japan.</p>
7669
7670 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
7671 Edu?</strong></p>
7672
7673 <p>The desktop is fairly plain. If you compare it with Edubuntu, who
7674 have fun themes for children, or with distributions such as Mint, who
7675 make the desktop beautiful. They create a good impression on people
7676 who don't need to understand how to use any of it, but who might be
7677 important to the school. School administrators or directors, for
7678 instance, or parents. Even kids. Debian itself usually has ugly
7679 default theme settings. It was my dream a few years back that some
7680 kind of integration would allow Edubuntu to do the desktop stuff and
7681 Debian Edu the servers, but now I realise how impossible that is.  A
7682 second disadvantage is that if something goes wrong, or you need to
7683 customise something, then suddenly the level of expertise required
7684 multiplies. For example, backup wasn't working properly in Lenny. It
7685 took me ages to learn how to set up my own server to do rsync backups.
7686 I am afraid of anything to do with ldap, but perhaps Gosa will
7687 help.</p>
7688
7689 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
7690
7691 <p>Nowadays I only use Debian on my personal computers. I have one for
7692 studio work (I play guitar and write songs), running AV Linux
7693 (customised Debian) a netbook running Squeeze, and a bigger laptop
7694 still running Skolelinux Lenny workstation. I have a Tjener in my
7695 house, that's very useful for the family photos and music.  At school
7696 the students only use Skolelinux. (Some teachers and the office still
7697 have windows). So that means we only use free software all day every
7698 day. Open office, The GIMP, Firefox/Iceweasel, VLC and Audacity are
7699 installed on every computer in school, irrespective of OS.  We also
7700 have Koha on Debian for the library, and Apache, Moodle, b2evolution
7701 and Etomite on Debian for the www. The firewall is Untangle.</p>
7702
7703 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
7704 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
7705
7706 <p>Current trends are in our favour. Open source is big in industry,
7707 and ordinary people have heard of it. The spread of Android and the
7708 popularity of Apple have helped to weaken the impression that you have
7709 to have Microsoft on everything. People complain to me much less about
7710 file formats and Word than they did 5 years ago.  The Edu aspect is
7711 also a selling point. This is all customised for schools. Where is the
7712 Windows-edu, or the Mac-edu?  But of course the main attraction is
7713 budget.The trick is to convince people that the quality is not
7714 compromised when you stop paying and use free software instead. That
7715 is one reason why I say the desktop experience is a weakness. People
7716 are not impressed when their USB drive doesn't work, or their browser
7717 doesn't play flash, for example.</p>
7718
7719       </div>
7720       <div class="tags">
7721
7722
7723         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
7724
7725
7726       </div>
7727     </div>
7728     <div class="padding"></div>
7729
7730     <div class="entry">
7731       <div class="title">
7732         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_screencast__Mass_creation_of_user_accounts_in_Squeeze.html">Debian Edu screencast: Mass creation of user accounts in Squeeze</a>
7733       </div>
7734       <div class="date">
7735          7th March 2012
7736       </div>
7737       <div class="body">
7738         <!-- Video HTML based on http://www.diveintohtml5.net/video.html -->
7739
7740 <p>One of the Debian Edu developers, Wolfgang Schweer, just created a
7741 screen cast documenting how to create a lot of new users in LDAP on
7742 Debian Edu Squeeze.  The video is embedded here in quarter size, and
7743 also available from <a href="http://vimeo.com/37675399">vimeo</a> and
7744 download as a
7745 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv">Ogg
7746 Theora</a> file.  Check it out below.</p>
7747
7748 <p><video id="gosa-mass-user-create-movie" width="256" height="184" preload controls>
7749   <source src="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv" type='video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"' />
7750     <p>Download video as
7751       <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv">Ogg</a>.</p>
7752 </video></p>
7753
7754       </div>
7755       <div class="tags">
7756
7757
7758         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7759
7760
7761       </div>
7762     </div>
7763     <div class="padding"></div>
7764
7765     <div class="entry">
7766       <div class="title">
7767         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Third release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
7768       </div>
7769       <div class="date">
7770          4th March 2012
7771       </div>
7772       <div class="body">
7773         <p>This weekend we wrapped up and published the third release
7774 candidate for <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
7775 Skolelinux</a> based on Squeeze.  The full announcement is
7776 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00000.html">available</a>
7777 from the project announcement list.  Check it out if you
7778 need a software solution for your school.</p>
7779
7780       </div>
7781       <div class="tags">
7782
7783
7784         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7785
7786
7787       </div>
7788     </div>
7789     <div class="padding"></div>
7790
7791     <div class="entry">
7792       <div class="title">
7793         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Stopmotion_for_making_stop_motion_animations_on_Linux___reloaded.html">Stopmotion for making stop motion animations on Linux - reloaded</a>
7794       </div>
7795       <div class="date">
7796          3rd March 2012
7797       </div>
7798       <div class="body">
7799         <p>Many years ago, the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux
7800 / Debian Edu project</a> initiated a student project to create a tool
7801 for making stop motion movies.  The proposal came from a teacher
7802 needing such tool on Skolelinux.  The project, called "stopmotion",
7803 was manned by two extraordinary students and won a school award and a
7804 national aware with this great project.  The project was initiated and
7805 mentored by Herman Robak, and manned by the students Bjørn Erik Nilsen
7806 and Fredrik Berg Kjølstad.  They got in touch with people at Aardman
7807 Animation studio and received feedback on how professionals would like
7808 such stopmotion tool to work, and the end result was and is used by
7809 animators around the globe.  But as is usual after studying, both got
7810 jobs and went elsewhere, and did not have time to properly tend to the
7811 project, and it has been lingering for a few years now.  Until last
7812 year...</p>
7813
7814 <p>Last year some of the users got together with Herman, and moved the
7815 project to Sourceforge and in effect restarted the project under a new
7816 name,
7817 <a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/linuxstopmotion/">linuxstopmotion</a>.
7818 The name change was done to make it possible to find the project using
7819 Internet search engines (try to search for 'stopmotion' to see what I
7820 mean). I've been following
7821 <a href="https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/linuxstopmotion-community">the
7822 mailing list</a> and the improvement already in place and planned for
7823 the future is encouraging.  If you want to make stop motion movies.
7824 Check it out. :)</p>
7825
7826       </div>
7827       <div class="tags">
7828
7829
7830         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
7831
7832
7833       </div>
7834     </div>
7835     <div class="padding"></div>
7836
7837     <div class="entry">
7838       <div class="title">
7839         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Frode_Danielsen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Frode Danielsen</a>
7840       </div>
7841       <div class="date">
7842         27th February 2012
7843       </div>
7844       <div class="body">
7845         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
7846 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet møter vi
7847 denne gangen Frode Danielsen, som er leder for en IT-virksomhet som
7848 passer på IT-løsningen til flere kommuner i Hedmark-området, der noen
7849 av dem bruker Skolelinux i dag.</p>
7850
7851 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7852
7853 <p>Daglig leder i <a href="http://www.hedmarken-ikt.no/">Hedmark
7854 IKT</a>. En interkommunal IKT-virksomhet for Stange, Nord-Odal,
7855 Kongsvinger, Grue, Løten og Hamar kommuner. Vi er 32 ansatte</p>
7856
7857 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7858
7859 <p>Vi har vært i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet i flere
7860 sammenhenger, blant annet gjennom et par piloter som ikke har ført til
7861 noe konkret resultat.  Nå sist gjennom satsingen på skolelinux i Grue,
7862 Kongsvinger og Nord-Odal.</p>
7863
7864 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong>
7865 <br><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7866
7867 <p>Jeg tror alle løsninger har fordeler og ulemper, litt avhengig av
7868 hvilket ståsted du selv har, så jeg unnlater å svare på dette.</p>
7869
7870 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7871
7872 <p>Ingen for min egen del, men vi har noe fri programvare i våre
7873 løsninger.</p>
7874
7875 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7876 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7877
7878 <p>Jeg tror ikke man skal ha en slik strategi.  Man bør ha en strategi
7879 basert på å løse fremtidige behov, og velge løsninger som støtter opp
7880 under dette.</p>
7881
7882       </div>
7883       <div class="tags">
7884
7885
7886         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7887
7888
7889       </div>
7890     </div>
7891     <div class="padding"></div>
7892
7893     <div class="entry">
7894       <div class="title">
7895         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Second release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
7896       </div>
7897       <div class="date">
7898         27th February 2012
7899       </div>
7900       <div class="body">
7901         <p>This weekend we wrapped up and published the second release
7902 candidate for <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
7903 Skolelinux</a> based on Squeeze.  The full announcement did for some
7904 reason not make it the project announcement list, but is
7905 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-devel-announce/2012/02/msg00015.html">available</a>
7906 from the Debian development announcement list.  Check it out if you
7907 need a software solution for your school.</p>
7908
7909       </div>
7910       <div class="tags">
7911
7912
7913         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7914
7915
7916       </div>
7917     </div>
7918     <div class="padding"></div>
7919
7920     <div class="entry">
7921       <div class="title">
7922         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Knut_Yrvin.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Knut Yrvin</a>
7923       </div>
7924       <div class="date">
7925         21st February 2012
7926       </div>
7927       <div class="body">
7928         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
7929 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi nå
7930 høre fra nyvalgt leder i foreningen
7931 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
7932 Skolen</a> og en av stifterne av Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
7933
7934 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7935
7936 <p>Knut Yrvin her. Jobber i Nokia med å fremme rammeverket Qt og QML
7937 med tilhørende utviklerverktøy. Rollen er som leder av
7938 friprog-samfunn. I fjor var jeg med å legge om utviklingen av Qt til
7939 åpen forvaltning.  På den måten kan alle som bidrar til Qt gjøre det
7940 på like vilkår.  Nå er det
7941 <a href="http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2011/12/22/qt-5-%E2%80%93-a-look-back-at-the-numbers/">over
7942 1000 utviklere</a> som bidrar til Qt. Med overgangen til åpen
7943 forvaltning er utviklingen av Qt mer åpen enn Linux-kjernen.</p>
7944
7945 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7946
7947 <p>Jeg var en av initiativtagerne til Skolelinux i 2001. Skolene slet
7948 med både utstyr og Internett-tilgang. De klarte ikke å møte
7949 forventningene til data i skolen. Driften av PC-ene var uholdbar. Som
7950 regel hadde rektor pekt ut en ivrig lærer til å passe på PC-ene,
7951 gjerne naturfaglæreren. Mange lærere jobbet mye ubetalt overtid for å
7952 vedlikeholde 30-40 datamaskiner på hver sin skole. Med 300 elever og
7953 lærere som brukere, blir det fort mye mer arbeid enn de 4-8 timene de
7954 kunne bruke på PC-drift. Skolene hadde kun en femtedel av
7955 IT-budsjettet som ble brukt på PC-ene i rådhuset.</p>
7956
7957 <p>Vi erfarte at skolene hadde mye datautstyr som stod ubrukt. Skolene
7958 manglet penger til Microsoft-lisenser. Selv med solide skolerabatter,
7959 kostet Microsoft-lisensene gjerne like mye som PC-ene i seg selv over
7960 en periode på 5-6 år.</p>
7961
7962 <p>Viktigheten av språklig mangfold og pedagogiske programmer var også
7963 viktig for oss. Vi oversatte mange skoleaktuelle programmer til
7964 nynorsk, nordsamisk og bokmål. Dette lenge før andre tok denne
7965 oppgaven seriøst.  Allerede etter ett år hadde vi etablert et helt
7966 arsenal av skoleaktuelle programmer på nynorsk, bokmål og
7967 nordsamisk. Vi spredde vår ide om språklig mangfold til de andre frie
7968 prosjekter internasjonalt. Resultatene ser vi i mange land. Det er de
7969 frie programmene som kommer på brukernes morsmål. Det er en av flere
7970 gode grunner til at fri programvare som LibreOffice, VLC, KDE og
7971 Firefox konkurrerer ut godseid programvare mange steder i verden.</p>
7972
7973 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7974
7975 <p>Fordelene er at Skolelinux tilbyr over 100 skoleaktuelle programmer
7976 på de norske språkene, uten ett øre i lisenskostnader. Systemet gir
7977 enormt lave driftskostnader med diskløse arbeidsstasjoner og bærbare
7978 med roaming.  Skolelinux krever også mindre av maskinvaren.</p>
7979
7980 <p>Man kan fint kjøre systemet med 512 MB RAM på en bærbar PC sammen
7981 med en nettvideo i nettleseren og en presentasjon med
7982 LibreOffice. Konkurrerende system krever fort 2 GB RAM for å få til
7983 noe tilsvarende uten at det går ufattelig tregt. Skal man gjøre noe
7984 nyttig, krever konkurrentene til Linux mye større harddisk. Skoler har
7985 rapportert at de fort har fått 50% flere nye maskiner om de velger
7986 Linux. Dette i tillegg til de årlige besparelsene ved å unngå
7987 lisensbetaling til godseid programvare.</p>
7988
7989 <p>De lave driftskostnadene gjør at delstater i Europa har titusener
7990 av datamaskiner med Skolelinux i skolen. F.eks. er det under ti
7991 personer som drifter 70.000 PC-systemer i skolene i Extremadura i
7992 Spania. Det er slett ikke uvanlig at norske kommuner har 1500-2000
7993 datamaskiner med Skolelinux.  Driften tar ett årsverk. Slår flere
7994 kommuner seg sammen, kan de få samme sentraliserte stordriftsfordeler
7995 som delstater i Tyskland og Spania.  Delstater som kjører Skolelinux
7996 på alle skolene. Bare noen få personer sentraldrifter titusenvis av
7997 PC-er.</p>
7998
7999 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8000
8001 <p>Den største ulempen for Skolelinux er motstand mot Linux fra
8002 IT-sjefer i det offentlige. Dette er ledere som holder innlegg som
8003 snytt ut av evangelist-håndboka til Microsoft. Dette gjøres i ett
8004 arbeidsmarked med stor vekst i etterspørselen etter Linux-fagfolk i
8005 privat sektor.  Etterspørselen har økt mer enn noe annet tekniske yrke
8006 siste tiåret.  Åtte av ti ledere vil ansette Linux-fagfolk i 2012,
8007 rapporterer jobbnettstedet Dice.com på oppdrag av Linux
8008 Foundation.</p>
8009
8010 <p>Det mangler 16.000 ingeniører og IKT-fagfolk i Norge rapporterte
8011 arbeids- og velferdsetaten NAV. Linux-fagfolk kan velge svært
8012 interessante jobber med alt fra apps på ledende mobilsystem laget med
8013 Linux, sky- tjenester eller web-applikasjoner. De raskest voksende
8014 teknologiselskapene i verden er ute etter Linux-fagfolk. Det være seg
8015 Amazon, Google, Facebook og IBM for å nevne noen. Linux er kritisk
8016 for å sikre veksten i markedet. Det sier seg selv at lønningene og
8017 jobbmulighetene er bedre enn for andre tekniske yrker.</p>
8018
8019 <p>Skal man lage apps for mobilen, smart-TV-en eller
8020 underholdningssystemet i bilen eller på flyet, er det Linux som
8021 gjelder. Med en slik konkurranse om Linux-kompetansen, kombinert med
8022 motstanden mot Linux hos mange IT-sjefer i offentlig sektor, så
8023 hindrer kommunene rekruttering av flere Linux- fagfolk. Skolene blir
8024 tvunget til å velge dyrere og mindre komplette IT-system. De har
8025 blitt hengende igjen slik IT var på begynnelsen av 2000- tallet. Dette
8026 fordi IT-ledere ikke har tilpasset seg markedet det siste tiåret.</p>
8027
8028 <p>Når det er sagt, er Skolelinux svært enkelt å lære seg også for de
8029 som ikke kan. Det viser alle lærerne som drifter systemet for
8030 hundrevis og tusenvis av systemer. Det meste er på plass rett ut av
8031 boksen. I tillegg er det solid med dokumentasjon med god hjelp på
8032 nettet. Det er mange kommuner som har ansatt en lærer som først lærte
8033 Skolelinux på sin skole, for så å drifte alle PC-ene i kommunen med
8034 Skolelinux. Det kan fort være snakk om 1000-3000 datamaskiner på 10-15
8035 skoler som sentraldriftes med en stilling.  Står man ordentlig fast,
8036 kan man også kjøpe profesjonell hjelp fra selskap som støtter
8037 Skolelinux. Det er flere slike selskap i Norge og i utlandet.</p>
8038
8039 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8040
8041 <p>Qt SDK, LibreOffice, Firefox, VLC og KDE-skrivebordet. Dette på et
8042 Debian-basert GNU/Linux-system. Jeg bruker også noen morsomme
8043 3D-spill. Idag kan jeg velge mellom over 30.000 Linux-programmer. Det
8044 finnes ikke tid i livet å undersøke alle valgmulighetene. Derfor er
8045 det bra med Skolelinux i skolen, da utvalget av programmer er
8046 begrenset til hva som er aktuelt i skolefagene.</p>
8047
8048 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8049 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8050
8051 <p>Vi må selge hele Skolelinux forhåndsinstallert på maskinvare i hele
8052 pakker med 50-100-1000 PC-klienter med servere. Dette kan selges til
8053 enkeltskoler eller hele kommuner. Pakken må inneholde tjenermaskiner,
8054 svært rimelige diskløse arbeidsstasjoner, nettbrett med Plasma Active,
8055 og bærbare med roaming. Alt er godt testet med Debian. I et slikt
8056 anbud er det mulig å legge til sentraliserte drifts- og
8057 støttetjenester.</p>
8058
8059 <p>Man bør også selge sky-tjenester som læreadministrative systemet
8060 Moodle og driftsovervåking. I tillegg så bør man slenge seg på med
8061 presentasjoner de gangene LibreOffice og andre friprog-produkter
8062 selges til kommuner.</p>
8063
8064       </div>
8065       <div class="tags">
8066
8067
8068         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8069
8070
8071       </div>
8072     </div>
8073     <div class="padding"></div>
8074
8075     <div class="entry">
8076       <div class="title">
8077         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">First release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
8078       </div>
8079       <div class="date">
8080         19th February 2012
8081       </div>
8082       <div class="body">
8083         <p>One week delayed due to DVD build problems, we managed today to
8084 wrap up and publish the first release candidate for
8085 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
8086 on Squeeze.  The full announcement is
8087 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/02/msg00001.html">available</a>
8088 on the project announcement list.  Check it out if you need a software
8089 solution for your school.</p>
8090
8091       </div>
8092       <div class="tags">
8093
8094
8095         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8096
8097
8098       </div>
8099     </div>
8100     <div class="padding"></div>
8101
8102     <div class="entry">
8103       <div class="title">
8104         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Olav_Dahlum.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Olav Dahlum</a>
8105       </div>
8106       <div class="date">
8107         18th February 2012
8108       </div>
8109       <div class="body">
8110         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
8111 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi nå
8112 høre fra et nyvalgt medlem i foreningen
8113 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
8114 Skolen</a>.</p>
8115
8116 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8117
8118 <p>Jeg heter Olav Dahlum, og er frilans oversetter, tester,
8119 prosjektleder og bruker av fri og åpen programvare som
8120 LibreOffice. Jeg er også et av styremedlemmene i FRISK.</p>
8121
8122 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8123
8124 <p>Jeg kom i kontakt med prosjektet i 2009, da jeg ble ansatt i
8125 stiftelsen Åpne kontorprogram på norsk for å oversette og teste den
8126 norske utgaven av OpenOffice.org. Arbeidet har hele tiden vært
8127 koordinert sammen med Skolelinux, og mange av de samme menneskene er
8128 involvert, så på den måten ble jeg en del av den utvidede
8129 familien.</p>
8130
8131 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8132
8133 <p>Skolelinux handler i likhet med utdanningssektoren om å dele
8134 kunnskap med andre, og det er dette som er hovedstyrken til
8135 prosjektet.  Selv om Skolelinux hovedsaklig er involvert i utvikling
8136 av programvare, er det også et sted der man kan utfolde seg uavhengig
8137 av bakgrunn og ferdigheter.</p>
8138
8139 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8140
8141 <p>Liten utbredelse og manglende støtte fra leverandører som leverer
8142 pedagogisk programvare til skolebruk.  Kunne kanskje hatt flere
8143 verktøy som letter administrasjonen ytterligere, slik at også mindre
8144 erfarne databrukere kan utføre lett vedlikehold og rutinejobber.</p>
8145
8146 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8147
8148 <p>Jeg er nesten forpliktet til å si at jeg bruker LibreOffice... Jeg
8149 bruker forøvrig frie og åpne operativsystemer basert på
8150 operativsystemkjernen Linux, for tiden openSUSE 12,1 med KDE4.  Men
8151 hvis jeg skal dra fram noen flere eksempler så er nok Mozilla Firefox
8152 og Thunderbird to av de jeg bruker mest. I tillegg er jeg en flittig
8153 bruker av OpenSSH, Irssi, Midnight Commander, Git, Subversion,
8154 Translation Toolkit og Super Maryo Chronicles (litt gøy skal man ha,
8155 og med to håndkontroller liggende er det ikke til å unngå).</p>
8156
8157 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8158 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8159
8160 <p>Vi må få leverandører av pedagogisk programvare med på laget, men
8161 også utvikle vår egen tilpasset det norske markedet.  Det er også
8162 mulig å involvere utdanningssektoren direkte i arbeidet, for eksempel
8163 gjennom studentprosjekter der elevene selv er med å utforme
8164 programvare direkte eller indirekte gjennom aktive bidrag.  Dette gjør
8165 ikke bare samarbeidet tettere, men fokuset på standarder og friheten
8166 til å velge sin egen løsning vil kanskje stimulere interessen for
8167 framtidig deltakelse i bransjen.  Vi som driver med fri og åpen
8168 programvare ønsker oss ikke rene konsumenter, men tenkende og
8169 selvstendige individer som kan være med å skape sin egen fremtid.</p>
8170
8171       </div>
8172       <div class="tags">
8173
8174
8175         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8176
8177
8178       </div>
8179     </div>
8180     <div class="padding"></div>
8181
8182     <div class="entry">
8183       <div class="title">
8184         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_proxy_configuration_with_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux.html">Automatic proxy configuration with Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
8185       </div>
8186       <div class="date">
8187         13th February 2012
8188       </div>
8189       <div class="body">
8190         <p>New in the Squeeze version of
8191 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> is the
8192 ability for clients to automatically configure their proxy settings
8193 based on their environment.  We want all systems on the client to use
8194 the WPAD based proxy definition fetched from <tt>http://wpad/wpad.dat</tt>, to
8195 allow sites to control the proxy setting from a central place and make
8196 sure clients do not have hard coded proxy settings.  The schools can
8197 change the global proxy setting by editing
8198 <tt>tjener:/etc/debian-edu/www/wpad.dat</tt> and the change propagate
8199 to all Debian Edu clients in the network.</p>
8200
8201 <p>The problem is that some systems do not understand the WPAD system.
8202 In other words, how do one get from a WPAD file like this (this is a
8203 simple one, they can run arbitrary code):</p>
8204
8205 <blockquote><pre>
8206 function FindProxyForURL(url, host)
8207 {
8208    if (!isResolvable(host) ||
8209        isPlainHostName(host) ||
8210        dnsDomainIs(host, ".intern"))
8211       return "DIRECT";
8212    else
8213       return "PROXY webcache:3128; DIRECT";
8214 }
8215 </pre></blockquote>
8216
8217 <p>to a proxy setting in the process environment looking like this:</p>
8218
8219 <blockquote><pre>
8220 http_proxy=http://webcache:3128/
8221 ftp_proxy=http://webcache:3128/
8222 </pre></blockquote>
8223
8224 <p>To do this conversion I developed a perl script that will execute
8225 the javascript fragment in the WPAD file and return the proxy that
8226 would be used for
8227 <tt><a href="http://www.debian.org/">http://www.debian.org/</a></tt>,
8228 and insert this extracted proxy URL in <tt>/etc/environment</tt> and
8229 <tt>/etc/apt/apt.conf</tt>.  The perl script wpad-extract work just
8230 fine in Squeeze, but in Wheezy the library it need to run the
8231 javascript code is <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/631045">no longer
8232 able to build</a> because the C library it depended on is now a C++
8233 library.  I hope someone find a solution to that problem before Wheezy
8234 is frozen.  An alternative would be for us to rewrite wpad-extract to
8235 use some other javascript library currently working in Wheezy, but no
8236 known alternative is known at the moment.</p>
8237
8238 <p>This automatic proxy system allow the roaming workstation (aka
8239 laptop) setup in Debian Edu/Squeeze to use the proxy when the laptop
8240 is connected to the backbone network in a Debian Edu setup, and to
8241 automatically use any proxy present and announced using the WPAD
8242 feature when it is connected to other networks.  And if no proxy is
8243 announced, direct connections will be used instead.</p>
8244
8245 <p>Silently using a proxy announced on the network might be a privacy
8246 or security problem.  But those controlling DHCP and DNS on a network
8247 could just as easily set up a transparent proxy, and force all HTTP
8248 and FTP connections to use a proxy anyway, so I consider that
8249 distinction to be academic.  If you are afraid of using the wrong
8250 proxy, you should avoid connecting to the network in question in the
8251 first place.  In Debian Edu, the proxy setup is updated using dhcp and
8252 ifupdown hooks, to make sure the configuration is updated every time
8253 the network setup changes.</p>
8254
8255 <p>The WPAD system is documented in a
8256 <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-wrec-wpad-01">IETF
8257 draft</a> and a
8258 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_Proxy_Autodiscovery_Protocol">Wikipedia
8259 page</a> for those that want to learn more.</p>
8260
8261       </div>
8262       <div class="tags">
8263
8264
8265         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8266
8267
8268       </div>
8269     </div>
8270     <div class="padding"></div>
8271
8272     <div class="entry">
8273       <div class="title">
8274         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Axel_Bojer.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Axel Bojer</a>
8275       </div>
8276       <div class="date">
8277          7th February 2012
8278       </div>
8279       <div class="body">
8280         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
8281 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet har jeg
8282 fått en av oversetterne som har vært med siden starten i tale.</p>
8283
8284 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8285
8286 <p>Jeg heter Axel Bojer og er datalærer, tysklærer, oversetter med
8287 mere.</p>
8288
8289 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8290
8291 <p>Tror jeg så en annonsering på nettet i slutten av 2001 og ville
8292 være med som oversetter.  Jeg kom med på en utviklersamling og
8293 prosjektet var da helt i starten.  Det var spennende å være med mens
8294 prosjektet vokste til og utviklet seg.</p>
8295
8296 <p>Jeg har «alltid» vært språkinteressert og hadde nettopp startet med
8297 Linux og tror jeg tenkte det passet å bidra.  Var også glad for å få
8298 en Debian-distribusjon, og ville gjerne bruke den selv.  Til å begynne
8299 med brukte jeg først Mandrake og så Debian. Og siden jeg oppdaget at
8300 det ikke var noen mulighet for å bruke den som enkeltstående i lang
8301 tid, så gikk jeg etterhvert over til Kubuntu</p>
8302
8303 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8304
8305 <p>Løsningen er forholdsvis lett å sette opp, gratis, fri programvare
8306 og gjør det mulig å gjenbruke eldre maskiner.  Det fine med Debian er
8307 at det er stabilt og har en veldig stor mengde programmer. Jeg liker
8308 også apt.  :-) Jeg liker også friheten ved Linux og muligheten til å
8309 delta og forme sin egen datahverdag.</p>
8310
8311 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8312
8313 <p>Skolelinux er for lite kjent og for sent ute med å gi ut nye
8314 versjoner.</p>
8315
8316 <p>Da jeg selv i hovedsak bruker Kubuntu, så kan jeg egentlig ikke
8317 svare så detaljert rundt ulempene med Skolelinux.  Hovedårsaken til at
8318 jeg bruker Kubuntu er nok at da vi begynte med det mener jeg det ikke
8319 var noen annen løsning.  «Vandrende arbeidsstasjon» mener jeg ikke
8320 fantes da.  Dessuten ville jeg ha siste versjon, da den KDE-versjonen
8321 som var i Skolelinux den gangen var en god del enklere (tror det var
8322 KDE 2) var dårligere i mine øyne enn versjon 3.</p>
8323
8324 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8325
8326 <p>Jeg bruker blant annet Kubuntu, LibreOffice, Thunderbird, Firefox,
8327 Kate, <a href="http://comix.sourceforge.net/">Comix</a> og Konsole.  Og
8328 en hel haug andre ved behov :-)</p>
8329
8330 <p>Har oversatt Comix selv, men det er jo ikke skjedd noe med Comix
8331 siden 2009, så den er det nok bare jeg som har.  Om andre vil ha den
8332 gir jeg den gjerne videre.  Ser at noen har startet på
8333 <a href="http://mcomix.sourceforge.net/">MComix</a> siden jeg så på så
8334 på dette sist, så nå er jeg igang med å teste og oversette den
8335 også.</p>
8336
8337 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8338 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8339
8340 <p>Det viktigste er å forankre beslutningen i kollegiet og med de som
8341 er ansvarlige for å vedlikeholde og bruke datamaskinene.  Flest mulig
8342 bør være med på å holde det (sosialt) vedlike, kjenne og støtte
8343 prinsippene. Som enkeltmannsprosjekt blir det lett veldig sårbart,
8344 særlig når (Skole)linux ennå i stor grad er en motkultur og ikke noe
8345 en stor nok andel av beslutningstakere, brukere osv kjenner til og
8346 bruker.</p>
8347
8348 <p>Jeg tror det viktigste er å fortsette å holde fri programvare godt,
8349 oppdatert, minimere antall feil, ha en god kontakt med brukerne og
8350 attraktivt og spennende programmer. Beholde alt som er bra og ha det
8351 tilgjengelig samtidig som man tilbyr det nyeste og rareste for de som
8352 vil ha det.</p>
8353
8354       </div>
8355       <div class="tags">
8356
8357
8358         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8359
8360
8361       </div>
8362     </div>
8363     <div class="padding"></div>
8364
8365     <div class="entry">
8366       <div class="title">
8367         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Saving_power_with_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_using_shutdown_at_night.html">Saving power with Debian Edu / Skolelinux using shutdown-at-night</a>
8368       </div>
8369       <div class="date">
8370          5th February 2012
8371       </div>
8372       <div class="body">
8373         <p>Since the Lenny version of
8374 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>, a
8375 feature to save power have been included.  It is as simple as it is
8376 practical: Shut down unused clients at night, and turn them on again
8377 in the morning.  This is done using the
8378 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/shutdown-at-night.html">shutdown-at-night</a> Debian package.</p>
8379
8380 <p>To enable this feature on a client, the machine need to be added to
8381 the netgroup shutdown-at-night-hosts.  For Debian Edu, this is done in
8382 LDAP, and once this is in place, the machine in question will check
8383 every hour from 16:00 until 06:00 to see if the machine is unused, and
8384 shut it down if it is.  If the hardware in question is supported by
8385 the
8386 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/n/nvram-wakeup.html">nvram-wakeup</a>
8387 package, the BIOS is told to turn the machine back on around 07:00 +-
8388 10 minutes.  If this isn't working, one can configure wake-on-lan to
8389 try to turn on the client.  The wake-on-lan option is only documented
8390 and not enabled by default in Debian Edu.</p>
8391
8392 <p>It is important to not turn all machines on at once, as this can
8393 blow a fuse if several computers are connected to the same fuse like
8394 the common setup for a classroom.  The nvram-wakeup method only work
8395 for machines with a functioning hardware/BIOS clock.  I've seen old
8396 machines where the BIOS battery were dead and the hardware clock were
8397 starting from 0 (or was it 1990?) every boot.  If you have one of
8398 those, you have to turn on the computer manually.</p>
8399
8400 <p>The shutdown-at-night package is completely self contained, and can
8401 also be used outside the Debian Edu environment.  For those without a
8402 central LDAP server with netgroups, one can instead touch the file
8403 <tt>/etc/shutdown-at-night/shutdown-at-night</tt> to enable it.
8404 Perhaps you too can use it to save some power?</p>
8405
8406       </div>
8407       <div class="tags">
8408
8409
8410         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8411
8412
8413       </div>
8414     </div>
8415     <div class="padding"></div>
8416
8417     <div class="entry">
8418       <div class="title">
8419         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_beta_version_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Third beta version of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
8420       </div>
8421       <div class="date">
8422          4th February 2012
8423       </div>
8424       <div class="body">
8425         <p>I am happy to announce that finally we managed today to wrap up and
8426 publish the third beta version of
8427 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
8428 on Squeeze.  If you want to test a LDAP backed Kerberos server with
8429 out of the box PXE configuration for running diskless machines and
8430 installing new machines, check it out.  If you need a software
8431 solution for your school, check it out too.  The full announcement is
8432 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/02/msg00000.html">available</a>
8433 on the project announcement list.</p>
8434
8435 <p>I am very happy to report these changes and improvements since
8436 beta2 (there are more, see announcement for full list):</p>
8437
8438 <ul>
8439
8440 <li>It is now possible to change the pre-configured IP subnet from
8441   10.0.0.0/8 to something else by using the subnet-change tool after
8442   the installation.</li>
8443
8444 <li>Too full partitions are now automatically extended on the Main
8445   Server, based on the rules specified in /etc/fsautoresizetab.</li>
8446
8447 <li>The CUPS queues are now automatically flushed every night, and all
8448   disabled queues are restarted every hour.  This should cut down on
8449   the amount of manual administration needed for printers.</li>
8450
8451 <li>The set of initial users have been changed.  Now a personal user
8452   for the local system administrator is created during installation
8453   instead of the previously created localadmin and super-admin users,
8454   and this user is granted administrative privileges using group
8455   membership.  This reduces the number of passwords one need to keep
8456   up to date on the system.</li>
8457
8458 </ul>
8459
8460 <p>The new main server seem to work so well that I am testing it as my
8461 private DNS/LDAP/Kerberos/PXE/LTSP server at home.  I will use it look
8462 for issues we could fix to polish Debian Edu even further before the
8463 final Squeeze release is published.</p>
8464
8465 <p>Next weekend the project organise a
8466 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/01/msg00001.html">developer
8467 gathering</a> in Oslo.  We will continue the work on the Squeeze
8468 version, and start initial planning for the Wheezy version.  Perhaps I
8469 will see you there?</p>
8470
8471       </div>
8472       <div class="tags">
8473
8474
8475         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8476
8477
8478       </div>
8479     </div>
8480     <div class="padding"></div>
8481
8482     <div class="entry">
8483       <div class="title">
8484         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Handling_non_free_firmware_in_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Handling non-free firmware in Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
8485       </div>
8486       <div class="date">
8487         27th January 2012
8488       </div>
8489       <div class="body">
8490         <p>With some computer hardware, one need non-free firmware blobs.
8491 This is the sad fact of todays computers.  In the next version of
8492 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
8493 on Squeeze, we provide several scripts and modifications to make
8494 firmware blobs easier to handle.  The common use case I run into is a
8495 laptop with a wireless network card requiring non-free firmware to
8496 work, but there are other use cases as well.</p>
8497
8498 <p>First and foremost, Debian Edu provide ISO images for DVD and CD
8499 with all firmware packages in the Debian sections main and non-free
8500 included, to ensure debian-installer find and can install all of them
8501 during installation.  This take care firmware for network devices used
8502 by the installer when installing from from local media.  But for
8503 example multimedia devices are not activated in the installer and are
8504 not taken care of by this.</p>
8505
8506 <p>For non-network devices, we provide the script
8507 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/auto-addfirmware</tt> which
8508 search through the <tt>dmesg</tt> output for drivers requesting extra
8509 firmware.  The firmware file name is looked up in the Contents-ARCH.gz
8510 file available in the package repository, and the packages providing
8511 the requested firmware file(s) is installed.  I have proposed to do
8512 something similar in debian-installer (BTS report
8513 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/655507">#655507</a>), to allow PXE
8514 installs of Debian to handle firmware installation better.  Run the
8515 script as root from the command line to fetch and install the needed
8516 firmware packages.</p>
8517
8518 <p>Debian Edu provide PXE installation of Debian out of the box, and
8519 because some machines need firmware to get their network cards
8520 working, the installation initrd some times need extra firmware
8521 included to be able to install at all.  To fill the PXE installation
8522 initrd with extra firmware, the
8523 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/pxe-addfirmware</tt> script is
8524 provided.  Again, just run it as root on the command line to fill the
8525 PXE initrd with firmware packages.</p>
8526
8527 <p>Last, some LTSP clients might also need firmware to get their
8528 network cards working.  For this,
8529 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/ltsp-addfirmware</tt> is
8530 provided to update the LTSP initrd with firmware blobs.  It is used
8531 the same way as the other firmware related tools.</p>
8532
8533 <p>At the moment, we do not run any of these during installation.  We
8534 do not know if this is acceptable for the local administrator to use
8535 non-free software, and it is their choice.</p>
8536
8537 <p>We plan to release beta3 this weekend.  You might want to give it a
8538 try.</p>
8539
8540       </div>
8541       <div class="tags">
8542
8543
8544         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8545
8546
8547       </div>
8548     </div>
8549     <div class="padding"></div>
8550
8551     <div class="entry">
8552       <div class="title">
8553         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skjermbilder_fra_nordsamisk_installasjon_av_Skolelinux_Squeeze.html">Skjermbilder fra nordsamisk installasjon av Skolelinux/Squeeze</a>
8554       </div>
8555       <div class="date">
8556         26th January 2012
8557       </div>
8558       <div class="body">
8559         <p>For morro skyld har jeg gjennomført en nordsamisk installasjon for
8560 neste utgave av <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>
8561 (Squeeze) og knipset skjermbilder av resultatet.</p>
8562
8563 <p>Som en kan se der er det noen oversettelser som mangler.  Det hadde
8564 vært hyggelig hvis alle tekstene som vises i Skolelinux-installasjonen
8565 ble oversatt til nordsamisk, men for å få det til må noen som forstår
8566 språket melde seg til dyst.  Det er mangel på nordsamiske oversettere
8567 av fri programvare.  Hvis noen starter raskt, så bør en rekke å
8568 fullføre Wheezy-utgaven før den gis ut. :)</p>
8569
8570 <p>Se <a href="http://d-i.debian.org/l10n-stats/">oversetterstatistikk for
8571 debian installer</a> for detaljert status.  Jeg har tipset
8572 <a href="https://lister.ping.uio.no/mailman/listinfo/i18n-sme">epostlisten for samiskoversettelser</a>,
8573 men det har vært veldig liten aktivitet der de siste årene.</p>
8574
8575 <p><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/01-isomenu.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/01-isomenu.png" width="40%"></a>
8576 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/02-sme-lang.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/02-sme-lang.png" width="40%"></a>
8577 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/03-sme-place.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/03-sme-place.png" width="40%"></a>
8578 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/04-sme-keymap.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/04-sme-keymap.png" width="40%"></a>
8579 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/05-sme-profile.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/05-sme-profile.png" width="40%"></a>
8580 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/06-sme-autopart.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/06-sme-autopart.png" width="40%"></a>
8581 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/07-sme-popcon.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/07-sme-popcon.png" width="40%"></a>
8582 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/08-sme-rootpw1.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/08-sme-rootpw1.png" width="40%"></a>
8583 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/09-sme-rootpw2.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/09-sme-rootpw2.png" width="40%"></a>
8584 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/10-sme-firstuser.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/10-sme-firstuser.png" width="40%"></a>
8585 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/11-sme-firstusername.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/11-sme-firstusername.png" width="40%"></a>
8586 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/12-sme-firstuserpw1.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/12-sme-firstuserpw1.png" width="40%"></a>
8587 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/13-sme-firstuserpw2.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/13-sme-firstuserpw2.png" width="40%"></a>
8588 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/14-sme-part.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/14-sme-part.png" width="40%"></a>
8589 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/15-sme-debootstrap.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/15-sme-debootstrap.png" width="40%"></a>
8590 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/16-sme-tasksel.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/16-sme-tasksel.png" width="40%"></a>
8591 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/17-sme-wordlist.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/17-sme-wordlist.png" width="40%"></a>
8592 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/18-sme-tasksel.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/18-sme-tasksel.png" width="40%"></a>
8593 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/19-sme-ltsp.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/19-sme-ltsp.png" width="40%"></a>
8594 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/20-sme-grub.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/20-sme-grub.png" width="40%"></a>
8595 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/21-sme-finish-install.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/21-sme-finish-install.png" width="40%"></a>
8596 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/22-sme-finish-message.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/22-sme-finish-message.png" width="40%"></a></p>
8597
8598       </div>
8599       <div class="tags">
8600
8601
8602         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8603
8604
8605       </div>
8606     </div>
8607     <div class="padding"></div>
8608
8609     <div class="entry">
8610       <div class="title">
8611         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Setting_up_a_new_school_with_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Setting up a new school with Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
8612       </div>
8613       <div class="date">
8614         25th January 2012
8615       </div>
8616       <div class="body">
8617         <p>The next version of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu
8618 / Skolelinux</a> will include a new tool
8619 <tt>sitesummary2ldapdhcp</tt>, which can be used to quickly set up all
8620 the computers in a school without much manual labour.  Here is a short
8621 summary on how to use it to set up a new school.</p>
8622
8623 <p>First, install a combined Main Server and Thin Client Server as the
8624 central server in the network.  Next, PXE boot all the client machines
8625 as thin clients and wait 5 minutes after the last client booted to
8626 allow the clients to report their existence to the central server.  When
8627 this is done, log on to the central server and run
8628 <tt>sitesummary2ldapdhcp -a</tt> in the <tt>konsole</tt> to use the
8629 collected information to generate system objects in LDAP.  The output
8630 will look similar to this:</p>
8631
8632 <p><blockquote><pre>
8633 % sitesummary2ldapdhcp -a
8634 info: Updating machine tjener.intern [10.0.2.2] id ether-00:01:02:03:04:05.
8635 info: Create GOsa machine for auto-mac-00-01-02-03-04-06 [10.0.16.20] id ether-00:01:02:03:04:06.
8636
8637 Enter password if you want to activate these changes, and ^c to abort.
8638
8639 Connecting to LDAP as cn=admin,ou=ldap-access,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
8640 enter password: *******
8641 %
8642 </pre></blockquote></p>
8643
8644 <p>After providing the LDAP administrative password (the same as the
8645 root password set during installation), the LDAP database will be
8646 populated with system objects for each PXE booted machine with
8647 automatically generated names.  The final step to set up the school is
8648 then to log into <a href="https://oss.gonicus.de/labs/gosa/">GOsa</a>,
8649 the web based user, group and system administration system to change
8650 system names, add systems to the correct host groups and finally
8651 enable DHCP and DNS for the systems.  All clients that should be used
8652 as diskless workstations should be added to the workstation-hosts
8653 group.  After this is done, all computers can be booted again via PXE
8654 and get their assigned names and group based configuration
8655 automatically.</p>
8656
8657 <p>We plan to release beta3 with the updated version of this feature
8658 enabled this weekend.  You might want to give it a try.</p>
8659
8660 <p>Update 2012-01-28: When calling sitesummary2ldapdhcp to add new
8661 hosts, one need to add the option -a.  I forgot to mention this in my
8662 original text, and have added it to the text now.</p>
8663
8664       </div>
8665       <div class="tags">
8666
8667
8668         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
8669
8670
8671       </div>
8672     </div>
8673     <div class="padding"></div>
8674
8675     <div class="entry">
8676       <div class="title">
8677         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Paul_Reidar_L_snesl_kken.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken</a>
8678       </div>
8679       <div class="date">
8680         18th January 2012
8681       </div>
8682       <div class="body">
8683         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
8684 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, har jeg nå
8685 lyktes med å få tak i en skolemann som ikke er aktiv med utviklingen,
8686 men likevel har vært med nesten siden starten av prosjektet.  Jeg
8687 ønsker derfor velkommen til Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken, en mann med
8688 mange års erfaring i bruk av Skolelinux.</p>
8689
8690 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8691
8692 <p>Jeg driftet tidligere IKT løsningen for skolene i
8693 <a href="http://www.nord-odal.kommune.no/">Nord-Odal</a>.  I dag er jeg
8694 IKT-konsulent for hele kommunen og samarbeider med
8695 <a href="http://www.hedmarken-ikt.no/">Hedmark-IKT</a> for best mulig
8696 tjenester til kommunen. Jeg har bakgrunn som elektronikkreparatør og
8697 grunnskolelærer og har tatt en del fag innen IKT, i hovedsak
8698 driftsfag. IKT i Nord-Odal kommune blir i dag driftet av Hedmark IKT
8699 som er et samarbeid mellom Løten, Stange, Grue, Hamar, Kongsvinger og
8700 Nord-Odal. Jeg er fortsatt "IKT-personen" på skolene i kommunen og
8701 følger opp og gjør enkelte mindre endringer der.</p>
8702
8703 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8704
8705 <p>Kommunen satset på Skolelinux i 2004.  Jeg var ikke med i
8706 beslutningsprosessen den gang, men ble likevel med fra starten når
8707 dette ble levert.</p>
8708
8709 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8710
8711 <p>Fordelene med Skolelinux er rask oppstart, sentral drift av
8712 klientene, klienter som jobber raskt og effektivt, bedre
8713 funksjonalitet på eldre utstyr og en ganske god programpakke med fri
8714 programvare som følger med.  Løsningen med halvtykke klienter gjør at
8715 prosessering skjer lokalt med alltid ferske maskiner.</p>
8716
8717 <p>Skolelinux kan fungere godt på gammelt utstyr, men det er klart at
8718 utstyr også blir for gammelt selv for Skolelinux.  I forbindelese med
8719 at vi nylig fikk nye servere og ny installasjon kastet jeg ut ca 60
8720 klienter som fortsatt var i drift etter at de var kjøpt godt brukt i
8721 2004.  Noe var rundt 15 år gammelt, men var fortsatt i bruk. Noen
8722 klaget på at det nå gikk veldig tregt på en del pedagogiske nettsider
8723 med flash o.l. Det er fullt forståelig.</p>
8724
8725 <p>Jeg fikk nylig et spørsmål fra ungdomsskolens rektor om jeg kunne
8726 legge inn <a href="http://freemind.sourceforge.net/">FreeMind</a>, et
8727 tankekartprogram , på skolens elev-Windowsmaskiner. Lærerne hadde
8728 vært på kurs og ville ta dette i bruk. Skolen har ca halvparten av
8729 elevmaskinene på bærbare Windowsmaskiner. Da kunne jeg fortelle at
8730 dette programmet allerede lå inne på den nye Skolelinuxløsningen
8731 som nettopp var satt i drift, klart til bruk.</p>
8732
8733 <p>Vi har de bærbare maskinene på ungdomsskolen i domene med
8734 Skolelinux.  Dette fungerer også meget bra nå. Elevene får opp en
8735 midlertidig windowsprofil når de logger på.  Denne profilen slettes
8736 etter at de logger av, noe som medfører rene profiler hver gang de
8737 starter opp en maskin.  De må lagre i sin Skolelinprofil, noe som
8738 medfører at de får tak i sine filer uavhengig av om de starter en
8739 Windowsmaskin eller en Skolelinuxklient. Det er mye mindre trafikk i
8740 det trådløse nettet etter at ikke hele profiler blir lastet opp til de
8741 enkelte Windowsmaskinene og tilbake når man avslutter. Jeg vet ikke om
8742 dette er standardoppsett i Skolelinux, men slik er vårt oppsett
8743 nå.</p>
8744
8745 <p>Vi har i flere år satt opp vår løsning slik at skriverkøer slettes
8746 og skrivere startes hver natt.  Hyggelig å høre at dette nå skal bli
8747 en standard i Skolelinuxløsningen.  Dette har vært en god hjelp for
8748 oss.</p>
8749
8750 <p>Elevene er lite opptatt av om de jobber på en Skolelinux eller en
8751 Windowsmaskin bare de har de programmene de trenger og at det virker
8752 når det skal brukes. Vi kjører mest mulig de samme programmene på
8753 Windows som i Skolelinux, som f.eks Audacity og LibreOffice.</p>
8754
8755 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8756
8757 <p>Lærere bruker hos oss Windows. Dette fordi de da selv har mer
8758 kontroll over sin maskin, kan bruke den overalt, og kan legge inn
8759 programmer selv når de trenger noe i forhold til kurs o.l de er
8760 på. Jeg tror lærernes selvstendighet her gjør dem tryggere på IKT-bruk
8761 generelt. Det at de av og til får opp advarsler og lignende gjør også
8762 at de må tenke igjennom og spørre om ting rundt datasikkerhet.</p>
8763
8764 <p>Det er en del programmer vi bruker som ikke finnes for Linux.  Mest
8765 brukt er nok Photostory3 som brukes i mange sammenhenger, særlig på
8766 ungdomsskolen, bl.a. til å lage herbarier (plantesamling) .  Dette
8767 finnes gratis for Windows, men er ikke fri programvare.  Vi er opptatt
8768 av at programmer elevene bruker på skolen også kan brukes gratis
8769 hjemme. Det er også en del programmer som brukes til spesielle elever
8770 som bare går i Windows. Det er viktig med fokus på funksjoner og ikke
8771 på hvilket OS man bruker.</p>
8772
8773 <p>For oss er det kombinasjonen mellom Skolelinux og Windows som gir
8774 oss en god og hel løsning. Skolelinux er best der de er gode.</p>
8775
8776 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8777
8778 <p>Selv er det LibreOffice jeg bruker til daglig.  Jeg bruker selv en
8779 Windowsmaskin. Jeg har benyttet en del fri programvare i forbindelse
8780 med sjekking av trafikk i nettverk, slik som Wireshark, men dette er
8781 jo ikke aktuelt for skolene. Jeg er generelt glad i programmer som
8782 fungerer på både Linux og Windows og gjerne MAC.</p>
8783
8784 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8785 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8786
8787 <p>Det er viktig at det benyttes programmer som elevene også kan ta i
8788 bruk hjemme.  Det skal da være enkelt, lovlig og gratis for
8789 elevene. Da er jeg ikke lenger veldig opptatt av om det kalles "fri
8790 programvare".  For skolene tror jeg "gratis" og "funksjonelt" er bedre
8791 begreper enn "fri" i forhold til programmer.  De fleste skiller nok
8792 ikke mellom "fri" og "gratis". Det er nå svært mange elever som
8793 benytter OpenOffice eller LibreOffice som sin primære kontorpakke
8794 hjemme.</p>
8795
8796       </div>
8797       <div class="tags">
8798
8799
8800         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8801
8802
8803       </div>
8804     </div>
8805     <div class="padding"></div>
8806
8807     <div class="entry">
8808       <div class="title">
8809         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Changing_the_default_Iceweasel_start_page_in_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Changing the default Iceweasel start page in Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
8810       </div>
8811       <div class="date">
8812         10th January 2012
8813       </div>
8814       <div class="body">
8815         <p>In the Squeeze version of
8816 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> soon
8817 to be released, users of the system will get their default browser
8818 start page set from LDAP, allowing the system administrator to point
8819 all users to the school web page by updating one setting in LDAP.  In
8820 addition to setting the default start page when a machine boots, users
8821 are shown the same page as a welcome page when they log in for the
8822 first time.</p>
8823
8824 <p>The LDAP object dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no have an attribute
8825 labeledURI with "http://www/ LDAP for Debian Edu/Skolelinux" as the
8826 default content.  By changing this value to another URL, all users get
8827 to see the page behind this new URL.</p>
8828
8829 <p>An easy way to update it is by using the ldapvi tool.  It can be
8830 called as "<tt>ldapvi -ZD '(cn=admin)'</tt>' to update LDAP with the
8831 new setting.</p>
8832
8833 <p>We have written the code to adjust the default start page and show
8834 the welcome page, and I wonder if there is an easier way to do this
8835 from within Iceweasel instead.</p>
8836
8837       </div>
8838       <div class="tags">
8839
8840
8841         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
8842
8843
8844       </div>
8845     </div>
8846     <div class="padding"></div>
8847
8848     <div class="entry">
8849       <div class="title">
8850         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_beta_version_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Second beta version of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
8851       </div>
8852       <div class="date">
8853          7th January 2012
8854       </div>
8855       <div class="body">
8856         <p>I am happy to announce that today we managed to wrap up and publish
8857 the second beta version of
8858 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>.  If
8859 you want to test a LDAP backed Kerberos server with out of the box PXE
8860 configuration for running diskless machines and installing new
8861 machines, check it out.  If you need a software solution for your
8862 school, check it out too.  The full announcement is
8863 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/01/msg00000.html">available</a>
8864 on the project announcement list.</p>
8865
8866       </div>
8867       <div class="tags">
8868
8869
8870         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8871
8872
8873       </div>
8874     </div>
8875     <div class="padding"></div>
8876
8877     <div class="entry">
8878       <div class="title">
8879         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fixing_an_hanging_debian_installer_for_Debian_Edu.html">Fixing an hanging debian installer for Debian Edu</a>
8880       </div>
8881       <div class="date">
8882          3rd January 2012
8883       </div>
8884       <div class="body">
8885         <p>During christmas, I have been working getting the next version of
8886 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> ready
8887 for release.  The initial problem I looked at was particularly
8888 interesting.</p>
8889
8890 <P>The installer would hang at the end when it was doing it
8891 post-installation configuration, and whatevery I did to try to find
8892 the cause and fix it always worked while I tested it, but never when I
8893 integrated it into the installer and ran the installation from
8894 scratch.  I would try to restart processes, close file descriptors,
8895 remove or create files, and the installer would always unblock and
8896 wrap up its tasks.</p>
8897
8898 <p>Eventually the cause was found.  The kernel was simply running out
8899 of entropy, causing the Kerberos setup to hang waiting for more.
8900 Pressing keys was adding entropy to the kernel, and thus all my tries
8901 to fix the problem worked not because what I was typing to fix it, but
8902 because I was typing.</P>
8903
8904 <p>The fix I implemented was to add a background process looking at
8905 the level of entropy in the kernel (by checking
8906 /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail), and if it was too small, the
8907 installer will flush the kernel file buffers and do 'find /' to
8908 generate some disk IO.  Disk IO generate entropy in the kernel, and is
8909 one of the few things that can be initated from within the system to
8910 generate entropy.</p>
8911
8912 <p>The fix is in
8913 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/Installation">beta1
8914 of the Debian Edu/Squeeze</a> version, and we
8915 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu">welcome more testers and
8916 developers</a>.  We plan to release beta2 this weekend.</p>
8917
8918       </div>
8919       <div class="tags">
8920
8921
8922         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8923
8924
8925       </div>
8926     </div>
8927     <div class="padding"></div>
8928
8929     <div class="entry">
8930       <div class="title">
8931         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Peter_Hansteen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Peter Hansteen</a>
8932       </div>
8933       <div class="date">
8934         11th December 2011
8935       </div>
8936       <div class="body">
8937         <p>Etter en lang pause er det klart for neste mann ut i min serie med
8938 intervjuer av
8939 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-relaterte personer.
8940
8941 Denne gangen har jeg besøk av et avtroppende styremedlem i
8942 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, og en mann
8943 som har vært aktiv i Linux-miljøet i Bergen siden 90-tallet.</p>
8944
8945 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8946
8947 <p>Jeg heter Peter Hansteen, og jobber til daglig som seniorkonsulent
8948 i EDB ErgoGroup i Bergen.  I praksis betyr det systemadministrasjon på
8949 Unix (primært Solaris, men en viss komponent av Linux).  Men Solaris
8950 er for meg et relativt nytt bekjentskap, hovedplattformen min har
8951 generelt vært OpenBSD og til dels FreeBSD.</p>
8952
8953 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8954
8955 <p>Jeg husker ikke helt alle detaljene mer ;) - men jeg tror det var
8956 gjennom news-gruppen no.it.os.unix.linux.diverse, efn-listen og
8957 etterhvert også BLUG-miljøet her i Bergen.  Vi hadde et par
8958 Skolelinux-sentrerte BLUG-møter for noen år siden, og det har vært et
8959 par Skolelinux-utviklersamlinger her.</p>
8960
8961 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8962
8963 <p>Jeg bruker dessverre ikke Skolelinux daglig. Men slik jeg kjenner
8964 prosjektet har det vært i stand til å ta opp i seg det beste av fri
8965 programvare i mange kategorier, så fra et sysadmin-perspektiv ser det
8966 ut som en svært behagelig sak.  For brukerne er det vel både en fordel
8967 og en ulempe at det ikke er Windows. Men vi håper at fordelene med et
8968 fritt system etterhvert vil bli åpenbare for både elever, lærekrefter
8969 og foreldre.</p>
8970
8971 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8972
8973 <p>Vel, ulempen er vel først og fremst at andre aktører med mer
8974 kapitalmuskel har klart å etablere seg som det både lærere og foreldre
8975 føler seg trygge på, selv om det etter mitt hode ikke er noen grunn
8976 til å være spesielt trygg på de kommersielle alternativene.</p>
8977
8978 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8979
8980 <p>Når jeg får bestemme helt selv, bruker jeg kun fri programvare. Da
8981 helst med vekt på ting som kjører greit på OpenBSD.  Hjemme er det
8982 OpenBSD, Ubuntu eller FreeBSD vi bruker.  På skrivebordet er det en
8983 avveining mellom Gnome, KDE eller hva-det-nå-heter som er
8984 standardvalget i Ubuntu, ellers er det de kjente tingene som
8985 LibreOffice, Emacs, mplayer.  På server er det selvfølgelig Apache,
8986 for overvåking både OpenNMS og Nagios (det bare ble sånn, og
8987 forskjellige siter).  Jeg skriver til tider om slikt jeg holder på med
8988 på
8989 <a href="http://bsdly.blogspot.com">http://bsdly.blogspot.com</a>.</p>
8990
8991 <p>Men vi må nevne at selv vi har en Microsoft-ting som vi slår på når
8992 vi av en eller annen grunn må. Det betyr igjen vanligvis når en
8993 mobiltelefon eller en annen lukket elektronisk dings krever kontakt
8994 via en slik for å få oppdateringene sine.</p>
8995
8996 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8997 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8998
8999 <p>Hadde vi hatt det rette svaret på det spørsmålet, så hadde vi
9000 gjerne hatt Skolelinux som førstevalg på alle skoler ;)</p>
9001
9002 <p>Men jeg tror vi må legge vekt på flere forskjellige ting.  En helt
9003 sentral sak er å fokusere på fri programvare og åpne standarder som de
9004 demokratiske verdiene de faktisk er.  Det har kanskje kommet litt for
9005 mye i bakgrunnen i forhold til strevet etter å lage det mest mulig
9006 'brukervennlige' systemet.  Det er en tung vei å gå, så det er
9007 forståelig at freenix-aktivister heller velger å skrive kode og annet
9008 som er mer lystbetont. Mer praktisk tror jeg vi må gjøre i alle fall
9009 to ting: For det første sørge for å fortsette med å levere det best
9010 mulige frie produktet, slik at det er lett å både komme i gang og
9011 holde systemene i daglig drift, og for det andre 2) spore opp mulige
9012 aktivister der de finnes, via lokale brukergrupper, sosiale medier
9013 eller annet og sørge for at de fortsetter å være aktive.  Mer og
9014 mindre uformelle treff kan være nyttig i tillegg til de mer
9015 organiserte møtene med foredrag, konferanser og utviklersamlinger.</p>
9016
9017       </div>
9018       <div class="tags">
9019
9020
9021         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9022
9023
9024       </div>
9025     </div>
9026     <div class="padding"></div>
9027
9028     <div class="entry">
9029       <div class="title">
9030         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Frode_Jemtland.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Frode Jemtland</a>
9031       </div>
9032       <div class="date">
9033         27th July 2011
9034       </div>
9035       <div class="body">
9036         <p>Neste mann ut i min serie med intervjuer av Skolelinux-relaterte
9037 personer er en tidligere styreleder i
9038 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a> som var med
9039 fra starten av
9040 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-prosjektet.</p>
9041
9042 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9043
9044 <p>Mitt navn er Frode Jemtland, og jeg jobber i Hedmark IKT, som er et
9045 driftsselskap for Grue, Hamar, Kongsvinger, Løten, Nord-Odal og Stange
9046 kommuner. Her er jeg leder for avdelingen Løsninger og Arkitektur. Vi
9047 har i hovedansvar for servere, infrastruktur og løsninger som
9048 helhet.</p>
9049
9050 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9051
9052 <p>Jobbet i IBM fra 2000, og da spesielt med Linux. Dette var da et av
9053 de mest tydelige linux prosjektene i Norge, og her ønsket jeg å
9054 bidra. Var aktivt med i prosjektet i 4-5 år.</p>
9055
9056 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9057
9058 <p>Fordelene slik jeg ser det er den sentraliserte driftmodellen, og
9059 alle de vel gjennomtenkte løsningene som er inkludert i denne
9060 løsningen. Samtidig er det basert på en stabil, og godt kjent
9061 plattform. Dette vil si at man har en løsning som skal være mye
9062 tilgjengelig, og hvor det er relativt enkelt å få tak i personer som
9063 kan mye om den grunnleggende plattformen.</p>
9064
9065 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9066
9067 <p>De største utfordringene med en løsningen er at den er intensiv på f.eks
9068 nettverk. I seg selv ikke et problem for en enkelt skole, men skal løsningen
9069 kjøres i større skala, med sentraliserte servere, så gir dette noen
9070 utfordringer.</p>
9071
9072 <p>Utifra hva jeg har sett på større installasjoner så er det ikke så
9073 enkelt å skjønne, hva som bør gjøres for at den skal skaleres opp, og
9074 da ta godt vare på alle sider av dette, ikke bare mer server å fordele
9075 last/trykk, men hvordan også beholde robustheten og fleksibiliteten i
9076 løsningen.</p>
9077
9078 <p>En annen utfordring er at stadig flere produkter som skal brukes i
9079 skoleløsningen ikke er laget til å kunne brukes i en
9080 skolelinuxløsning. Det blir derfor fort mye skreddersøm i de
9081 forskjellige installasjonene, for å få diverse pedagogiske programmer,
9082 webløsninger, smartboards, m.m. til å fungere.  Man er også en for
9083 liten kundebase til at leverandørene ønsker å gjøre noe med
9084 utfordringen. Problemet overlates til oss.</p>
9085
9086 <p>Det er også en kontinuerlig utfordring rundt problemet med å holde
9087 programvare på stabile versjoner, kontra å få ny funksjonalitet. Dette
9088 er jo en konflikt mellom oss som ønsker å drifte en stabil, og
9089 kostnadseffektiv løsning, mot sluttbrukerne som ønsker seg funksjoner
9090 det er vant med fra andre løsninger, eller som de må ha for at et
9091 eller annet nytt produkt skal fungere i løsningen. Dette er en
9092 utfordring også for andre plattformer.</p>
9093
9094 <p>En siste utfordring som ikke har noe med løsningen å gjøre, men med
9095 det omkringliggende miljøet denne skal kjøre i, er at de enhetene som
9096 skal drifte dataløsninger for kommuner og fylkeskommuner begynner å
9097 profesjonaliseres, og er da avhengig av å ha standard løsninger for å
9098 drifte store brukermasser. MS er selvsagt klar over dette, og har jo
9099 nå flere områder de begynner å bli veldig dominerende på. Den største,
9100 og mest problematiske er katalogtjenesten.  Man får snart ikke tak i
9101 større løsninger som ikke krever en AD. Når man da har store enheter
9102 som drifter både kommunalt ansatte og skoler, så vil det være et
9103 stordriftargument å standardisere på en katalog tjeneste, og da har
9104 man ikke noe valg. Her er alle slike driftsenheter for små til å få
9105 gjort om på dette. Her burde konkurransemyndighetene kommet på
9106 banen. Men konkurransetilsynet i USA griper sjeldent (og ikke før det
9107 har gått veldig lang tid) inn i monopolsituasjoner så lenge
9108 monopolisten er et amerikansk firma, så da har vel ikke andre
9109 myndigheter så mye de skulle ha sagt....</p>
9110
9111 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9112
9113 <p>Privat kjører jeg Debian på alle mine datamaskiner. Det gjør jeg
9114 også på min jobbmaskin. Vi har også 15-20 linux servere av typene
9115 SuSE, Debian, Redhat, CentOS m.m. Jeg bruker derfor mye fri
9116 programvare. Av enkelt programmer kan sikkert masse nevnes. Hvis vi
9117 skal begrense oss til daglig, så må jeg si: OpenOffice, Firefox,
9118 Kontact, Kopete, Amarok,
9119 <a href="http://gramps-project.org/">Gramps</a>, Kate, ssh, bash,
9120 rsync, backuppc m.m.</p>
9121
9122 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9123 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9124
9125 <p>Det er et godt spørsmål, som jeg har lurt på selv.</p>
9126
9127 <p>Argumentene som ofte har vært brukt om at ting koster mindre holder
9128 ikke mål når man ser på hva som faktisk koster penger. Det er de
9129 ansatte som er en kostnadsdriver. Det vil si at hvis man har et system
9130 som den ansatte kan, så vil en kostnad på dette systemet kunne
9131 forsvares ganske mye ved at den ansatte gjør dette raskere og
9132 effektivt. Også uten å måtte eventuelt leie inn folk.</p>
9133
9134 <p>Jeg syns det er viktigere å fokusere på prinsippet med å velge fri
9135 programvare, men det er også et felt hvor man fort møter lite
9136 forståelse blant de ansatte i skolen.</p>
9137
9138 <p>Her må nok strategien fortsette å være at de sentrale myndighetene
9139 må sende tydelige signaler for hva de ønsker at offentlige enheter
9140 skal gjøre. Det var mye positivt på gang ang. dette for et par år
9141 siden. Både med eNorge og eKommune planene, men dette syns jeg har
9142 stoppet opp. En del av dette kan jo kanskje være usikkerheten som
9143 etter hvert har blitt, når man har sett kompleksiteten i de
9144 prosjektene som har blitt igangsatt. Det har også blitt noe usikkerhet
9145 i markedet ref. Sun, Oracle, Novell, Microsoft m.m.  Samtidig har jo
9146 også de proprietære programleverandørene sørget for å endre sine
9147 lisenser slik at man uansett ikke slipper unna kostnaden til deres
9148 produkter, selv om man skulle velge alternativer. Da er det økonomiske
9149 argumentet, som jeg nevnte tidligere, spilt ganske godt ut over
9150 sidelinjen.</p>
9151
9152       </div>
9153       <div class="tags">
9154
9155
9156         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9157
9158
9159       </div>
9160     </div>
9161     <div class="padding"></div>
9162
9163     <div class="entry">
9164       <div class="title">
9165         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Marius_Kotsbak.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Marius Kotsbak</a>
9166       </div>
9167       <div class="date">
9168         10th April 2011
9169       </div>
9170       <div class="body">
9171         <p>Neste mann ut er Marius Kotsbak, styremedlem i
9172 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a> og mangeårig
9173 bidragsyter i
9174 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-prosjektet.</p>
9175
9176 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9177
9178 <p>Jeg er en systemutvikler/kybernetiker og jobber med dette til
9179 daglig. På fritiden tester jeg ut/bruker mye fri programvare, og
9180 bidrar med testing og utvikling når jeg ser stort nok behov for det og
9181 jeg har noe å bidra med.</p>
9182
9183 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9184
9185 <p>Hmm, det er lenge siden, så det er nesten så jeg ikke husker. Jeg
9186 hadde vel hørt om prosjektet i media før en gjeng i Trondheim startet
9187 opp SPIST, Skolelinux-prosjektet i Sør-Trøndelag, hvor vi hjalp noen
9188 skoler i nærområdet med å installere Skolelinux og finne brukt
9189 IT-utstyr til disse. Det var moro å gjøre noe praktisk for å spre
9190 Skolelinux, og å se hvor fort gjort det var å sette opp utrangerte
9191 klientmaskiner og få disse opp som tynnklienter på helt nye datasaler
9192 på skolene, kun med kostnaden til servere.</p>
9193
9194 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9195
9196 <p>Det er et system spesielt skreddersydd for drift av et stort antall
9197 klienter mot servere, og da spesielt i henhold til skolers behov.  Det
9198 er enkelt og billig å installere og drifte, og det trenger ikke ny
9199 maskinvare for god ytelse.</p>
9200
9201 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9202
9203 <p>Hardwarestøtten kunne vært bedre og i enda større grad
9204 installerbart rett ut av boksen.  Distribusjonen har til tider hatt
9205 litt gammel programvare pga. at den følger Debian sine utgivelser.
9206 Kanskje man skulle vurdert en versjon basert på Ubuntu eller andre
9207 distribusjoner i tillegg?</p>
9208
9209 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9210
9211 <p>Oi, det er ikke lite. Her er det jeg kommer på i farta.  Jeg bruker
9212 Linux og Ubuntu, og på Ubuntu programene Firefox, Thunderbird,
9213 Chromium, Pidgin, Digikam, OpenOffice, Wireshark, git og irssi.
9214 Telefonen min er en Android, og der bruker jeg programmene K-9 Mail,
9215 OI Shopping list, Shuffle, ZXing, OI Notepad og ADW Desktop.  På jobb
9216 bruker jeg JBoss, Eclipse, uCLinux for Blackfin, RCF-CPP, Qt, Maven,
9217 og boost-bibliotekene for C++.</p>
9218
9219 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9220 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9221
9222 <p>En bør fokusere på totalkostnader inkludert driftsbehov,
9223 fleksibilitet, åpenhet og ikke låsing til en leverandør framfor sparte
9224 lisenskostnader, samt programvarens kvalitet og fortrinn, og at den
9225 fritt kan brukes på et ubegrenset antall PC-er, også hjemme hos
9226 elevene.  En bør også forbedre den fri programvaren ved testing,
9227 bugrapportering og kodebidrag om man kan, og ikke anbefale programvare
9228 uten at man har forsikret seg at den har tilstrekkelig kvalitet,
9229 ellers kan man lett oppnå det motsatte.  Tror en bør selge inn
9230 konseptet til fylkes-/statsnivå, kanskje med bidrag til
9231 utviklingsarbeid fra disse som alle landets skoler kan få glede
9232 av.</p>
9233
9234       </div>
9235       <div class="tags">
9236
9237
9238         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9239
9240
9241       </div>
9242     </div>
9243     <div class="padding"></div>
9244
9245     <div class="entry">
9246       <div class="title">
9247         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Odin_Hetland_N_sen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Odin Hetland Nøsen</a>
9248       </div>
9249       <div class="date">
9250         28th March 2011
9251       </div>
9252       <div class="body">
9253         <p>Mine bloggposter om Linux i skolene i Norge førte til at inspektør
9254 og ildsjel på Harestad skole tok kontakt og fortalte at de bruker
9255 Linux på sin skole, og lurte på om de kunne bidra til å gjøre
9256 fordelene kjent.  Riktig nok bruker de ikke
9257 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> på denne skolen,
9258 men jeg synes dette er en god anledning til å gjøre flere fasetter
9259 rundt Linux-økosystemet kjent, og tok et lite intervju.</p>
9260
9261 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9262
9263 <p>Mitt navn er Odin Hetland Nøsen og er en 70-modell. Jeg er bosatt i
9264 Stavanger og jobber nå på 9. året som undervisninginspektør på
9265 Harestad skole i Randaberg kommune (nabokommune til Stavanger).</p>
9266
9267 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9268
9269 <p>I 2002 begynte daværende IKT-ansvarlige og jeg et arbeid på skolen
9270 med å gå over fra Win98 til... noe annet. Vi testet en rekke
9271 forskjellige løsninger, deriblant Skolelinux, men endte opp med
9272 RedHat. Skolelinux var den gang ikke modent for det vi ville ha.  Jeg
9273 har siden fulgt jevnlig med på hva skolelinux holder på med, men har
9274 hele tiden vært bedre fornøyd med vår egen "standardiserte" løsning på
9275 RedHat/CentOS og Fedora. Vi snuser for tiden på Ubuntu som løsning på
9276 klientsiden.</p>
9277
9278 <p>I dag har vi på skolen vår en større linux-løsning med 400 klienter
9279 som kjører en blanding av LTSP (tynnklient) og DRBL (tykk klient uten
9280 harddisk) med en masse tjenere på serverrommet. Vi drifter hele
9281 sulamitten selv med webtjener, eposttjener, webmail, filtjenere,
9282 virtuelle tjenere osv.  Og IT-ansvarlig har en 80% stilling som
9283 IT-ansvarlig - og så er han KoH-lærer i de resterende 20% :-)</p>
9284
9285 <p>Du kan få en ide om hva vi holder på med om du går inn på
9286 <a href="http://www.gnuskole.no/">http://www.gnuskole.no/</a>.</p>
9287
9288 <p>For å ta brodden av frykten for at ildsjeler gjør skolen sårbar om
9289 ildsjelene falle fra, har jeg forsikret kommunen og skolesjefen i
9290 Randaberg om at det finnes godt kommersielle tjenester vi kan benytte
9291 oss av - om det skulle bli nødvendig. Vi er tre stykker i kommunen som
9292 nå har <strong>god</strong> linux-kompetanse ift. å drifte et større
9293 system.  IT-avdelingen i kommunen vil ikke ta på oss med ildtang -
9294 selv om vi nok har større IT-kompetanse mot linux enn det de selv har
9295 mot windows (de kjøper en <strong>masse</strong> konsulenttjenester
9296 fra ErgoGroup).</p>
9297
9298 <p>I kvantitet er Harestad og Grødem skole tilsammen et større
9299 IT-system enn resten av Randaberg kommune + Kvitsøy og Rennesøy, som
9300 kommunen også har driftsansvar for.  Vi har som sagt rundt 800
9301 maskiner, mens kommunen med sitt driftsansvar har ansvar for rundt 500
9302 maskiner. Det er selvfølgelig litt forskjell i hvor kritiske
9303 tjenestene våre er, men det gir allikevel et litt rart bilde når
9304 IT-avdelingen overhode ikke er interessert i å snakke med oss om
9305 hvordan vi gjør ting :-)</p>
9306
9307 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9308
9309 <p>Fra linux-perspektivet (ikke bare Skolelinux) er det en fordel av
9310 systemet er basert på fri programvare - og dermed fritt i ordets mange
9311 betydninger. Det er alt vi trenger: stabilt, relativt enkelt å drifte
9312 (tross alt - et større windowssystem er ikke enkelt å holde live det
9313 heller), rimelig i innkjøp og drift, og sist, men ikke minst, det er
9314 moderne for sluttbruker! Linux, i sine mange varianter,
9315 <strong>ser</strong> nytt ut, fordi det hele tiden blir
9316 oppdatert. Derfor lever systemet opp til hvordan elever forventer at
9317 et moderne GUI skal være (i motsetning til WinXP :-).</p>
9318
9319 <p>Vi var veldig pragmatiske da vi begynte med linux i skolen. Det var
9320 billig, det fungerte og kunne bruke alle de gamle windows-maskinene
9321 som "nye" tynne klienter.  I dag er vi mer bevisste fri
9322 programvare-tilhengere.  Vi har oppdaget hva det er - og vi liker
9323 det!</p>
9324
9325 <p>En av de <strong>store</strong> fordelene med fri programvare er at
9326 vi kan installere tjenester vi ønsker å tilby brukerne våre - uten å
9327 måtte tenke på om vi har råd til lisensene (fordi det er ingen). Alt
9328 vi setter i produksjon er ut i fra brukernes behov og vår kapasitet
9329 til å drifte dem. Vi skreddersyr tjenestene etter behovet og dermed
9330 trenger vi ikke ende opp med å kjøpe en pakke der vi egentlig bare var
9331 interessert i en liten del av den.</p>
9332
9333 <p>Bruk av linux frigjør ikke økonomiske midler, fordi midlene til IKT
9334 i skole er for få i utgangspunktet - men vi får så
9335 <strong>mye</strong> mer igjen for dem når vi bruker en linux-løsning
9336 fremfor en windows-løsning. I praksis ser vi at vi måtte ut med det
9337 dobbelte på budsjettet vårt om vi skulle hatt en tilsvarende
9338 windows-løsning, som det vi i dag drifter med linux.</p>
9339
9340 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9341
9342 <p>Ikke all pedagogisk programvare er tilgjengelig. Det er en del
9343 programvare i skolen som er laget med utviklerverktøy som bare virker
9344 i windows, f.eks. Drillpro, LingDys/LingWrite. Det er også
9345 "programmer" som bare virker om du har tilgang til Microsoft Office,
9346 f.eks. AskiRaski.</p>
9347
9348 <p>Vi sliter også litt med at video-codecer ikke alltid er like lett å
9349 få opp å gå på klientene. Det er alltid en eller annen videosnutt fra
9350 nrk.no som ikke er så samarbeidsvillig, uansett mediaplayer.</p>
9351
9352 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9353
9354 <p>Alt :-) På skolen bruker vi det som finnes og som er nyttig. Det vi
9355 bruker mest er Firefox (jobber med Chrome, fordi det er
9356 <strong>mye</strong> raskere med Flash enn Firefox), OpenOffice (skal
9357 over til LibreOffice), GIMP osv. Standardpakken av
9358 sluttbrukerprogrammer.</p>
9359
9360 <p>På tjenernivå bruker vi OpenWebMail (skal over til Zimbra), Exim
9361 osv.</p>
9362
9363 <p>Personlig bruker jeg de fleste programmer over flere plattformer,
9364 men jeg har lagt meg til en vane å prioritere bruken av fri
9365 programvare også i Windows 7 og OSX.</p>
9366
9367 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9368 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9369
9370 <p>Jeg er langt i fra sikker. For det første handler det mye om at
9371 IKT-avdelingen i kommunen ofte er de som styrer hva som er IKT på
9372 skolene - og de liker å bruke avtalene med Microsoft, som de garantert
9373 har fra før.  Dessuten - Select 6-avtalen til skolene gjør Microsoft
9374 skvettbillig.</p>
9375
9376 <p>Vi la vekt på effektiv drift av systemet - og at vi kunne øke
9377 antall maskiner uten å måtte øke budsjett for utstyr eller personell
9378 særlig mye, enn om vi hadde gått for en Microsoft-løsning. I praksis
9379 ser vi at en ren linux-installasjon driftes til halve prisen av en
9380 Microsoft-løsning.</p>
9381
9382 <p>Vi har i praksis også sett at det lærerne (og elevene) liker er at
9383 vi tilbyr <strong>veldig</strong> mange tjenester som ikke er så
9384 vanlige i en Microsoft-løsning. Det er ikke så vanlig at
9385 <strong>elevene</strong> også har epost, hjemmekontor osv. Det har vi
9386 også brukt som et vellykket argument mot Microsoft.</p>
9387
9388 <p>Den beste måten er selvfølgelig at noen bare bestemmer
9389 det. Problemet er å få dem som har makt til å bestemme det til faktisk
9390 å gjøre det ;-)</p>
9391
9392       </div>
9393       <div class="tags">
9394
9395
9396         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9397
9398
9399       </div>
9400     </div>
9401     <div class="padding"></div>
9402
9403     <div class="entry">
9404       <div class="title">
9405         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Astri_Sletteng.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Astri Sletteng</a>
9406       </div>
9407       <div class="date">
9408         27th February 2011
9409       </div>
9410       <div class="body">
9411         <p>En dame som har bidratt lenge til fri programvare i skoleverket og
9412 i foreningen som organiserer skolelinux-utviklersamlinger,
9413 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, er neste
9414 intervjuoffer.  Det er en glede å her presentere en lærer fra Håkvik.</p>
9415
9416 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9417
9418 <p>Jeg heter Astri Sletteng. Jeg er lærer og IKT veileder ved Håkvik
9419 skole i Narvik kommune.  Min bakgrunn når det gjelder IKT: Av formell
9420 utdannelse har jeg lærerutdanning, Master i skoleledelse og IKT for
9421 lærere. Har jobba som IKT veileder siden 2002.</p>
9422
9423 <p>Det viktigste for meg som IKT veileder er å få fundamentert den
9424 5. basisferdigheten, digital kompetanse ved skolen min på en god måte
9425 slik at hele skolesamfunnet tar i bruk IKT i alle fag. Dette arbeidet
9426 gjøres i nært samarbeid med skolens ledelse.</p>
9427
9428 <p>Min viktigste jobb som IKT veileder er å være motivator og pådriver
9429 i IKT arbeidet ved skolen.</p>
9430
9431 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9432
9433 <p>Jobber i en kommune hvor vi satser på Fri programvare. I 2004 ble
9434 det gjort et politisk vedtak om at vi skulle innføre Skolelinux ved
9435 alle skolene i kommunen. Jeg har dermed en god del erfaring med
9436 Skolelinux, samt annen fri programvare som Open Office, Joomla, Moodle
9437 etc.</p>
9438
9439 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9440
9441 <p>Siden vi jobber med åpen kildekode kan vi få programmene og
9442 produktene tilpasset vår bruk. Det er jo heller ikke en ulempe at
9443 skolen kommer bedre ut økonomisk, men først og fremst er det viktig
9444 for oss at vi har digitale systemer som gjør at vi kan følge
9445 læreplanen i alle fag. Det syns jeg at vi kan gjøre gjennom
9446 Skolelinux.</p>
9447
9448 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9449
9450 <p>Skolen er avhengige av å ha folk på IT avdelinga i kommunen som kan
9451 drive support, og være tilgjengelige når vi trenger hjelp. Det er en
9452 ulempe at ikke alle på denne avdelingen nødvendigvis er god på
9453 Linux.</p>
9454
9455 <p>Vi har også noen utfordringer når det kommer til spesielle
9456 programmer som enkelte elever er avhengige av ? og som ikke er
9457 plattform uavhengige. Her har vi i Friprog-verden, men også
9458 departement en jobb å gjøre.</p>
9459
9460 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9461
9462 <p>Skolen vår bruker Skolelinux, Open Office, Iceweazel (Mozilla),
9463 VLC, Tux paint, Scribus, FreeMind, GIMP, digiKam, Ksnapshot, GeoGebra,
9464 Moodle (innført på alle klassetrinn + som et administrativt verktøy)
9465 og Joomla som hjemmeside.<p>
9466
9467 <p>Det er de jeg kommer på i farten. I tillegg har vi Smartboard
9468 installert på server, men det regnes vel ikke som fri programvare?</p>
9469
9470 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9471 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9472
9473 <p>Først og fremst trenger skolen oppetider på sine datasystemer. Syns
9474 også at det at vi kan få tilpasset plattform og systemer til vår bruk
9475 er en god strategi å bruke.</p>
9476
9477       </div>
9478       <div class="tags">
9479
9480
9481         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9482
9483
9484       </div>
9485     </div>
9486     <div class="padding"></div>
9487
9488     <div class="entry">
9489       <div class="title">
9490         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Rub_n_Romero_y_Cordero.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Rubén Romero y Cordero</a>
9491       </div>
9492       <div class="date">
9493         16th February 2011
9494       </div>
9495       <div class="body">
9496         <p>Styret i foreningen som organiserer skolelinux-utviklersamlinger,
9497 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, er fullt av
9498 flinke folk.  Denne gangen har jeg fått et ferskt styremedlem som
9499 kommer fra Ubuntu-miljøet i tale.</p>
9500
9501 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9502
9503 <p>Rubén Romero y Cordero, 81-modell, deltidspappa (50%) for en jente
9504 på 6 år. Jobber i Oslo som Global Sales Executive hos Varnish Software
9505 og til daglig har jeg kontakt med kunder fra hele verden. Min
9506 forkjærlighet for fri programvare har gjort at jeg har nå flere års
9507 erfaring med salg av slike løsninger (bl.a. fra Redpill Linpro og
9508 Freecode) og mye innsikt og kunnskap om det globale IT-markedet.
9509 Ellers er jeg involvert i flere prosjekter bl.a. er jeg Ubuntu
9510 Community medlem, kontaktpersonen for Ubuntu Norge og driveren av
9511 SpreadUbuntu marketing prosjektet og nå fersk styremedlem i FRISK. Jeg
9512 har brukt GNU/Linux siden 1997.</p>
9513
9514 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9515
9516 <p>Som Debian bruker siden slutten av 90-tallet var det uunngåelig å
9517 ikke komme bort i Skolelinux. Dette var vel i slutten av 2001 når jeg
9518 var student ved UiO. Flere år senere fikk jeg lastet og testet Venus
9519 (Skolelinux 1.0) på release dagen.</p>
9520
9521 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9522
9523 <p>Fri programvare bygges sten for sten i det åpne, slik at koden og
9524 prosessen den lages på kan gjennomskues av andre enn de som har laget
9525 det. Det er et vitenskapelig og gjennomsiktig måte å lage programvare
9526 på.</p>
9527
9528 <p>Skoler i vårt samfunn skal være steder hvor vitenskapelig kunnskap
9529 deles til alle.  I dag har vi ikke et vitenskapelig tilnærming til
9530 hvordan programvaren som brukes på skolen lages. Skolelinux bringer
9531 inn at slik tilnærming i skoleverkets klasserom, siden
9532 operativsystemet er en åpent platform som gir skolene muligheten til å
9533 dra nytte av programvare som er laget av tusenvis av mennesker verden
9534 rundt og som gir elevene så vel som lærerne muligheten til å bruke,
9535 dele, forandre og forbedre OSet sitt uten begrensninger. I den
9536 forbindelsen representerer Skolelinux også konkrete resultater utfra
9537 samhandling på tvers av grenser.</p>
9538
9539 <p>Når det gjelder de tekniske fordelene av Skolelinux er jeg sikker
9540 på at andre enn meg har allerede beskrevet disse bedre enn det jeg
9541 kan.  Men jeg kan likevel tilføye noe: Skolelinux som sådan er en
9542 community-drevet operativsystemplatform. Som i ethvert
9543 community-prosjekt har alle Skolelinux brukere muligheten til å
9544 påvirke retning av prosjektet og resultatet som gjenspeiles i
9545 programvaren. Dette kommer sjeldent frem og jeg mener at det er noe
9546 som burde fokuseres mer på.</p>
9547
9548 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9549
9550 <p>De største ulempene er:</p>
9551
9552 <ul>
9553 <li>Mangel på kompetanse</li>
9554 <li>Mangel av administrative verktøy som kunne hjelpe lokale IT
9555   avdelinger å bruke Skolelinux til mer enn bare en tjener for
9556   terminalklienter. Et eksempel: Zentyal sin web-dashboard.</li>
9557 </ul>
9558
9559 <p>Bedre og mer intuitive administrative verktøy kunne løst deler av
9560 problemet, men det er unektelig at ved bruk av Skolelinux må
9561 IT-personalet vite hva de gjør for å få ting gjort riktig, eller i det
9562 hele tatt. Med andre platformer er kompetansen enklere tilgjengelig og
9563 løsningene kan fungere på en tilfredstillende, om ikke riktig
9564 måte.</p>
9565
9566 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9567
9568 <p>Har brukt GNU/Linux utelukkende sommitt skrivebord OS siden 2000. I
9569 dag bruker jeg Ubuntu og gjør det meste med friprogramvare verktøyene
9570 som er tilgjengelige der. Med over 20.000 programmer å velge mellom er
9571 dette mer enn nok for de fleste brukerne.</p>
9572
9573 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9574 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9575
9576 <p>Opplysning og pragmatikk.  Vi prøver å løse problemer med bruk av
9577 programvare. De fleste utfordringene skolene har på IKT-siden kan
9578 løses ved hjelp av friprogramvareverktøy i dag. Det som trenges er
9579 opplysning, kunnskap og kompetanse.</p>
9580
9581       </div>
9582       <div class="tags">
9583
9584
9585         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9586
9587
9588       </div>
9589     </div>
9590     <div class="padding"></div>
9591
9592     <div class="entry">
9593       <div class="title">
9594         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Morten_Amundsen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Morten Amundsen</a>
9595       </div>
9596       <div class="date">
9597         23rd January 2011
9598       </div>
9599       <div class="body">
9600         <p>Denne gangen er det Tromsøkontoret til Friprog-senteret, og nyvalgt
9601 styremedlem i <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen
9602 FRISK</a> jeg har fått i tale i min intervjuserie med
9603 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-folk.</p>
9604
9605 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9606
9607 <p>Jeg heter Morten Amundsen og jobber i
9608 <a href="http://www.friprog.no/">Friprog.no</a>, men er for tiden leid
9609 ut til <a href="http://www.bredbandsfylket.no/">Bredbåndsfylket
9610 Troms</a> der jeg jobber med ett prosjekt som heter
9611 "<a href="http://www.bredbandsfylket.no/skolefjoela.157417.no.html">Skolefjøla</a>"
9612 Vi ser på en åpen løsning som integrerer eksisterende lukkete
9613 løsninger sammen med fri programvare. Målet er å gi elever og lærere
9614 en plattform som de kan tilpasse utfra behov.</p>
9615
9616 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9617
9618 <p>Skolelinux har jeg møtt ved flere anledninger opp gjennom åra, både gjennom
9619 entusiastiske skolelinuxbrukere og skeptiske "forståsegpåere" :-)</p>
9620
9621 <p>Jeg husker en leverandør av et stort OS for noen år siden mente at
9622 Skolelinux var kun for hackere og nerder og at ingen seriøse skoler
9623 kunne ta dette i bruk.  Heldigvis er kunnskapen større nå og
9624 skikkelige "IT-folk" søker alltid å utvide sin kunnskap.
9625
9626 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9627
9628 <p>Ja det er mange fordeler. Uavhengighet, stabilitet, åpenhet, standarder
9629 osv. Tror det er viktig at man ikke begrenser mulighetene på den plattformen
9630 elevene skal jobbe.</p>
9631
9632 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9633
9634 <p>Det største hinderet er det vi opplever på andre områder rundt
9635 fri programvare, nemlig kunnskap. For mange er det trygt å velge det vi
9636 alltid har valgt. Fordi leverandørene rundt oss sitter på den kunnskapen og
9637 de vi støtter oss på har den samme.  Hvis vi klarer å riste løs litt og
9638 glemme gamle kriger mellom operativsystemer og  leverandører, men sette ned
9639 hva som er viktig og velge ut fra det, så hadde man kanskje kommet ut med
9640 litt andre resultat. Jeg tror IT-folk er konservative og velger tradisjonelt
9641 og det er synd.</p>
9642
9643 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9644
9645 <p>Jeg bruker Ubuntu, Android, Jolicloud, Open Office, Zimbra, Picasa
9646 og Firefox samt en bråte med tjenester som er webbasert. Det eneste
9647 som er betalingslisens for er OSX.  Ser at jeg jobber mer og mer i
9648 skyen og setter pris på alt jeg slipper egen klient til.  Derfor er
9649 jeg veldig sjarmert av små kjappe operativsystemer som krever minimalt
9650 av maskinvaren.</p>
9651
9652 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9653 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9654
9655 <p>Tror en blanding av krav og informasjon er veien å gå. Krav om
9656 sikkerhet, oppetid og åpne standarder.  Informasjon om muligheter og
9657 alternativer. Her har leverandører, IT-avdelinger og pedagoger en vei
9658 å gå sammen. Det er til slutt LÆRING det dreier seg om, og da må man
9659 få mest mulig læring for pengene man har.</p>
9660
9661       </div>
9662       <div class="tags">
9663
9664
9665         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9666
9667
9668       </div>
9669     </div>
9670     <div class="padding"></div>
9671
9672     <div class="entry">
9673       <div class="title">
9674         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Sturle_Sunde.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Sturle Sunde</a>
9675       </div>
9676       <div class="date">
9677         19th January 2011
9678       </div>
9679       <div class="body">
9680         <p>Denne gang har jeg fått tak i en mangeårig unix-mann som etter
9681 mange år ved Universitetet i Oslo, der jeg først traff ham, har
9682 flyttet tilbake til vestlandet, og der bidratt til å revitalisere
9683 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-oppsettet i
9684 Florø.</p>
9685
9686 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9687
9688 <p>Sturle Sunde, ansvarleg for skulenettet i Flora kommune.  Eg driv,
9689 vidareutviklar og er andrelinje brukarstøtte for datanettet ved
9690 skulane i Flora kommune.  10 skular og meir enn 700 maskiner med
9691 Linux, medrekna tynnklientar.  Tidlegare jobba eg i mange år med
9692 unix-drift ved Universitetets senter for informasjonsteknologi ved
9693 Universitetet i Oslo.</p>
9694
9695 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9696
9697 <p>Det er vanskeleg å svare konkret på.  Eg har drive med Unix og Linux i
9698 alle år, og Skulelinux er eit godt kjent prosjekt i miljøet.  Det var
9699 først i 2008, då eg tok til i min noverande jobb, at eg fekk bruk for
9700 Skulelinux for alvor.</p>
9701
9702 <p>Jobben min skulle vere drift av eit nytt skulenett i Flora kommune,
9703 levert av eit firma eg ikkje vil reklamere for.  Systemet skulle vere
9704 ferdig levert i september året før.  Dette viste seg å ta mykje lenger
9705 tid, og i haustferien 2008 hadde dei endå ikkje klart å få opp ei
9706 fungerande løysing.  Situasjonen var prekær for den største skulen i
9707 kommunen med meir enn 500 elevar på ungdomssteget.  Skulen hadde brukt
9708 Skulelinux før, og var tilfredse med det.  No hadde dei vore utan
9709 fungerande datasystem i nesten eit år.  Difor fekk eg opp ein ny tenar
9710 utanfor prosjektet og installerte Skulelinux på den.  Etter litt
9711 justering av konfigurasjonen med god hjelp av #skolelinux på IRC, var
9712 den nye tenaren oppe og gjekk med både tynne og halv-tjukke klientar.
9713 Autentisering gjekk mot det nye systemet, slik at elevar og lærarar
9714 framleis har same brukarnamn og passord over alt.  Dette berre
9715 fungerte, og vi bestemte oss for å erstatte delar av løysinga vi
9716 skulle få levert med Skulelinux.</p>
9717
9718 <p>Det høyrer med til historia at det nye systemet eg skulle drive frå
9719 januar 2008 endå ikkje er ferdig levert.  Dei jobbar med saka, seier
9720 dei, og har von om å fullføre leveransen i løpet av 2011.</p>
9721
9722 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9723
9724 <p>Det er veldig mange.  Eg skal ta nokre få.</p>
9725
9726 <p>Den viktigaste fordelen er at det igrunn berre er ei maskin å passe
9727 på, og det er tenaren.  Med andre løysingar har ein gjerne programvare
9728 og anna som skal vedlikehaldast på kvar enkelt maskin.  Med Skulelinux
9729 kan alle feil rettast og alle program oppgraderast på alle maskiner
9730 samstundes ved å gjere endringa som må til på tenaren.  Eg kan sitje
9731 på kontoret og passe på alle tenarane i kommunen derifrå.</p>
9732
9733 <ul>
9734
9735 <li>Tynne klientar gjer det mogleg å bruke eldre utstyr lenge, so lenge
9736 tenaren er sterk nok.  Ein liten tenar med eit par halv-moderne CPUar
9737 og 2 GiB RAM held lenge for eit typisk klasserom med 30 tynnklientar,
9738 og det er lett å utvide med fleire.
9739
9740 <li>Halvtjukke klientar gjer det mogleg å utnytte kapasiteten i litt
9741 nyare maskiner betre, og avlaste tenaren.  Ingenting vert installert
9742 lokalt på desse heller, og harddisken kan gjerne koblast frå.  Gode
9743 halvtjukke klientar kan kjøpast brukt for under 1000-lappen, og det er
9744 heile kostnaden.  Ingen lisensar eller anna på toppen, og det er ikkje
9745 krav til kraftigare tenar heller.
9746
9747 <li>Det er Linux.  Vi har ikkje noko kluss med drivarar, dei berre er
9748 der.  Heller ikkje med virus, dei finst i realiteten ikkje.  Eller med
9749 elevar som klussar med installert programvare, for dei klarar ikkje å
9750 øydeleggje for nokon andre enn seg sjølve.
9751
9752 </ul>
9753
9754 <p>Skulelinux er lagt opp til å vere veldig lett å installere rett ut
9755 av boksen på ein heil skule av ein interessert lærar.  Det er ofte ei
9756 god løysing for skulen.  Å ha nokon til stades som kjenner systemet og
9757 kan forklare enkle ting eller løyse problem der og då, er uvurderleg
9758 viktig for ein stressa lærar fem minutt før det ringer inn.</p>
9759
9760 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9761
9762 <p>All den ferdige konfigurasjonen gjer det tungvint å tilpasse
9763 Skulelinux til eit system som skal fungere saman med mange andre
9764 installasjonar i eit felles datanett for skulane i ein kommune.  Det
9765 heile er prekonfigurert for ein skule, og utviding til mange skular
9766 med eigne tenarar er ikkje berre enkelt.</p>
9767
9768 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9769
9770 <p>Eg brukar mest alle små hjelpeprogram som føl med operativsystemet,
9771 samt scriptspråket perl.  Elles er Firefox/Iceweasel, Gnome-terminal
9772 og ssh i kontinuerleg bruk.  Av Linux-distribusjonar brukar eg både
9773 Debian, Ubuntu, SuSE og RedHat dagleg.  Eg prøvar å finne det verktyet
9774 som passar best til kvar del av jobben.</p>
9775
9776 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9777 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9778
9779 <p>Det er to målgrupper ein må sikte mot.  Det eine er alle skulane som
9780 manglar eller har eit lite tilfredsstillande opplegg i dag, og ikkje
9781 har råd til å kjøpe noko nytt og blankpussa opplegg.  Der er det om å
9782 gjere å gjere det enkelt for skulane å finne Skulelinux, og gjere det
9783 enkelt for dei å få hjelp til installasjon på skulen.  Gjerne med
9784 lokale kontaktpersonar.  Her er det dugnadsinnsats som må til, for
9785 desse skulane har ikkje råd til å betale for dette.</p>
9786
9787 <p>Den andre og kanskje viktigare målgruppa er dei meir eller mindre
9788 profesjonelle kundane.  Alle store offentlege innkjøp, inkludert
9789 innkjøp av nytt datasystem for skular, må ut på offentleg anbod.
9790 Offentlege anbod er mykje meir lukka enn dei gjev inntrykk av, og både
9791 regelboka og boka med triks for å sminke tilbodet er tjukk.  Det er
9792 vanskeleg å komme inn utan eit solid salsapparat i ryggen.  Kanskje
9793 Skulelinux skulle prøve aktivt å få seg eit partnarskap med eit av dei
9794 store som gjerne vil sterkare inn på den offentlege IT-marknaden?
9795 Nokon som kjenner triksa og har krefter til å ta opp kampen mot både
9796 dårlege anbod og Rudolf Blostrupmoen IT AS.  Leveranse til skulane i
9797 ein kommune er ein god måte å få ein fot inn døra som leverandør til
9798 ein lukrativ kommunemarknad som kjøper alle tenester.  Ta kontakt med
9799 nokon som er passeleg store og ikkje er Microsoft-partnar, og fortell:
9800 «Vi har eit ferdig produkt som du kan selje.  Nei vi skal ikkje ha for
9801 det.  Du kan gjerne gjere kva du vil med det, berre vi får lov til å
9802 hjelpe deg.  Målgruppa er alle kommunar, og det er noko dei vil ha.
9803 Det er eit godt produkt, brukt av mange og godt likt.»</p>
9804
9805       </div>
9806       <div class="tags">
9807
9808
9809         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9810
9811
9812       </div>
9813     </div>
9814     <div class="padding"></div>
9815
9816     <div class="entry">
9817       <div class="title">
9818         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Embrik_Kaslegard.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Embrik Kaslegard</a>
9819       </div>
9820       <div class="date">
9821         16th January 2011
9822       </div>
9823       <div class="body">
9824         <p>Neste ut i min intervjuserie med folk i
9825 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a> er
9826 lærer, mangeårig bidragsyter på epostlistene og tidligere
9827 Skolelinux-administrator på en skole i Hemsedal.</p>
9828
9829 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9830
9831 <p>Embrik Kaslegard, 1964-modell, fire barn (7-20 år). Begynte som
9832 lærer i 1989 - har hatt IKT-ansvar siden første året i jobb. Har
9833 jobbet som lærer/IKT-ansvarlig uavbrutt siden 1989. Jobbet med
9834 Skolelinux fra 2004 til 2010. Nå har jeg fått ny arbeidsplass og er
9835 40% lærer og 60% IKT med Windows XP, Win2003 server og et regionalt
9836 IKT-regime som legger premissene og begrensingene for hva vi kan gjøre
9837 på skolen.</p>
9838
9839 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9840
9841 <p>Jeg leste en artikkel om en dugnadsinstallasjon av Skolelinux på en
9842 skole på Jæren et sted. Tanken om dugnad og frihet appellerte til
9843 meg. Da vi skulle bygge ny skole var det en del vi måtte spare på,
9844 fordi vi beveget oss mot en kostnadssprekk. Kabling og investering i
9845 PC-er var en av tingene vi sparte på. Derfor kjøpe vi 72 pc-er for 390
9846 pr stk. En filtjener og en applikasjonsserver.</p>
9847
9848 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9849
9850 <p>Fordelen er at så mye er satt opp fra starten. I tillegg er det
9851 tydelig at pakka er laga for skoleverket. Brukerne har egne
9852 skrivebord, tilgang på mange gode verktøyprogrammer. Vi slipper å
9853 tenke på virus. Brukerne har ikke mulighet til å ødelegge
9854 klientoppsett, men har gode muligheter til å endre eget oppsett. Dette
9855 tror jeg er inspirerende og kjekt for mange brukere.  Mappestrukturen
9856 er ferdig og det er "enkelt" å designe lokale mappestrukturer via
9857 skeleton.  Noen av oss i skoleverket mener skolen skal være en
9858 "mot-kultur". Da er Skolelinux et av valgene man kan ta. Et annet er å
9859 spise på indisk restaurant i stedet for Mc Donald's når vi er på bytur
9860 osv.. Ordene deling, frihet, dugnad osv er positive ord i
9861 skoleverket. Det er viktig at elevene blir bevisst dette.</p>
9862
9863 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9864
9865 <p>Kompabiliteten er selvsagt et problem, selv om det er mindre nå enn
9866 før.  For IKT-personer på skolene som skal drifte dette er det
9867 problematisk med kommandoer i terminalen.  I tillegg er det alt for
9868 mange programmer i Skolelinux som ikke blir brukt.  Jeg tror
9869 Skolelinux er tjent med å tone ned begrepet pedagogisk programvare.
9870 Slik jeg ser det finnes ikke denne kategorien programmer lengre slik
9871 de gjorde før, som frittsående programmer som installeres på en
9872 datamaskin eller på serveren.  Det finnes en del spesialpedagogiske
9873 programmer, som Textpilot, LingDys, LingRight, AskiRaski, Ny i Norge
9874 osv.  Men dette er programmer for enkelt-elever eller små grupper av
9875 elever.  Det som bør være fokus er at alle undervisningsressurser som
9876 lages for nettet skal være nettleseruavhengig.</p>
9877
9878 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9879
9880 <p>OpenOffice bruker jeg til vanlig kontorarbeide.  VLC bruker jeg som
9881 videoavspiller og av og til streaming av film.  Gimp bruker jeg i
9882 undervisningen til bildemanipulering. Firefox og Chrome er mine
9883 favoritt-nettlesere.  Firefox har lenge vært førstevalget mitt, nå
9884 bruker jeg mest Chrome.  Opplever den som raskere og smidigere enn
9885 Firefox.  Ubuntu bruker jeg som dualboot på jobb-maskinen min i
9886 tillegg til at alle PCer hjemme har en eller annen Ubuntu-distribusjon
9887 installert.  Jeg bruker Clonezilla på Ubuntu 10.04 til kloning av
9888 datamaskiner på jobb.  Det er selvsagt en haug andre frie programmer
9889 jeg bruker men jeg bruker dem ikke daglig.  Jeg kan ramse opp:
9890 recordmydesktop, cinelerra, acidrip, soundjuicer, audacity, NX
9891 (no-machine), Kino, Rythmbox...</p>
9892
9893 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9894 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9895
9896 <p>Jeg tror oppsøkende virksomhet er den rette strategien.
9897 Ressurspersoner gjør avtaler med rådmenn, skolesjefer, rektorer.  Det
9898 er slik konkurrentene gjør det.  Fokuset i slike samtaler bør være
9899 kost-nytte.  Dersom personer med økonomisk ansvar ser at de kan få
9900 like godt tilbud til mindre utgifter, tror jeg det er mulighet til å
9901 få innpass.  Dersom de også kan få konkrete tilbud på drift i slike
9902 samtaler, vil de kanskje bli litt mer interesserte i hvor mye penger
9903 som faktisk går til IKT i skolene.  Det er også viktig at vi ikke
9904 firer for mye på krav til datamaskiner.  Det er flott at Skolelinux
9905 går på "utrangert" utstyr, men dette bør bare presenteres som et
9906 alternativ.  Skolelinux-installasjoner med utrangert utstyr er ikke å
9907 foretrekke dersom man kan unngå det. Det skaper ikke entusiasme hos
9908 brukerne (elever og lærere) når de bruker gamle datamaskiner som går
9909 tregt.  Det er kjempefint med skoler som har kommet seg frem til
9910 Skolelinux og fri programvare av seg selv, men de lever på nåde.
9911 Slike valg må fundamenteres hos skoleeier.</p>
9912
9913 <p>Oppdatering 2011-01-16 22:40: Oppdatert svarene for de tre siste
9914 spørsmålene litt mer tekst fra Embrik.</p>
9915
9916       </div>
9917       <div class="tags">
9918
9919
9920         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9921
9922
9923       </div>
9924     </div>
9925     <div class="padding"></div>
9926
9927     <div class="entry">
9928       <div class="title">
9929         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Viggo_Fedreheim.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Viggo Fedreheim</a>
9930       </div>
9931       <div class="date">
9932         12th January 2011
9933       </div>
9934       <div class="body">
9935         <p>Jeg fortsetter min intervjuserie med folk i
9936 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a>.  Denne
9937 gang er det en av folkene som har vært med lenge og som har tatt i
9938 bruk Skolelinux på alle skolene i Narvik kommune som skal i ilden.
9939 Han er styremedlem i
9940 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen
9941 FRISK</a>.</p>
9942
9943 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9944
9945 <p>Mitt navn er Viggo Fedreheim, og jeg er pedagogisk og teknisk
9946 IKT-veileder for alle skoler i Narvik kommune.  Jeg drifter totalt 17
9947 servere basert på Skolelinux og Debian. Jeg holder i tillegg noen kurs
9948 mellom all driftingen. For tiden arbeider jeg med en sentral
9949 LDAP-tjener for alle skoleservere samt våre Moodle- og
9950 Joomla-installasjoner.</p>
9951
9952 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9953
9954 <p>Gjennom en eller annen nettavis i 2001 der var det skrevet om
9955 Skolelinux.  Artikkelen ga meg lyst til å prøve ut systemet.</p>
9956
9957 <p>Det startet i 2002 ved at jeg installerte en av de første utgavene
9958 av Skolelinux på en standard pc på Solneset skole i Tromsø.  Denne var
9959 oppe fram til desember 2003 da jeg sluttet på den skolen og begynte i
9960 ny jobb i Narvik kommune.</p>
9961
9962 <p> I Narvik kommune var det i 2004 kun 2 servere på da totalt 15
9963 skoler. Disse var Windows NT baserte. På disse to skolene var det lite
9964 med maskiner.  Jobben med å få Narvik Kommune opp på akseptabelt nivå
9965 virket å være formidabel.  Men med hjelp av gode kollegaer og leder
9966 skrev jeg en IKT plan for Narvik kommune som ble vedtatt av politikere
9967 i august 2004. I denne planen ble det bestemt at Narvik kommune skulle
9968 bruke Skolelinux.  Her ble det også satt av midler til kabling av god
9969 infrastruktur på alle skoler samt innkjøp av nye datamaskiner.  Så i
9970 dag har vi 17 servere hvorav 13 er på Skolelinux, med ca 1500 klienter
9971 basert på tynne, "halvtykke" og et stort antall bærbare pcer basert på
9972 Kubuntu.</p>
9973
9974 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9975
9976 <p>Lisenskostnader, driftkostnader og hardwarekrav som er mye lavere
9977 enn for andre systemer.</p>
9978
9979 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9980
9981 <p>Pedagogiske programvare som ikke fungerer mot Linux. En Stoooor
9982 flaskehals og som gjør at Linux kanskje ikke blir valgt andre
9983 plasser.</p>
9984
9985 <p>Eksempler er Relemo, Lindys (lingit sine programmer), 5plus
9986 (matematikk).  Disse er programmer som ikke lar seg kjøre i Linux.</p>
9987
9988 <p> Men det ser ut for at mange leverandører går over til mer
9989 nettbaserte programmer istedet for å installere lokalt.  Dette med
9990 enkelte leverandører som ikke kan levere programmer til Linux er et
9991 lite problem og over tid tror jeg at denne barrieren er borte.</p>
9992
9993 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9994
9995 <p>Kjører Kubuntu på laptoper, Debian squeeze på stasjonær
9996 kontorpc. Ut over dette arbeder jeg svært mye via konsoll mot andre
9997 servere.</p>
9998
9999       </div>
10000       <div class="tags">
10001
10002
10003         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
10004
10005
10006       </div>
10007     </div>
10008     <div class="padding"></div>
10009
10010     <div class="entry">
10011       <div class="title">
10012         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Arnt_Ove_Gregersen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Arnt Ove Gregersen</a>
10013       </div>
10014       <div class="date">
10015          9th January 2011
10016       </div>
10017       <div class="body">
10018         <p>Inspirert av
10019 <a href="http://raphaelhertzog.com/tag/interview/">intervjurunden</a>
10020 som Raphael Hertzog har startet med folk i Debianprosjektet, fikk jeg
10021 lyst til å gjøre det samme med folk i
10022 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a>.  Håpet
10023 er at de som til daglig bidrar til å fremme fri programvare i
10024 skoleverket og utvikler en linux-distribusjon spesiallaget for
10025 skolebruk kan bli bedre kjent og kanskje inspirere flere til å bidra
10026 til Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
10027
10028 <p>Først ut er nyvalgt leder i
10029 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen FRISK</a> som
10030 organiserer utviklingen av Skolelinux-distribusjonen.  FRISK trenger
10031 alltid flere medlemmer, så
10032 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/index.php?page=signup">meld
10033 deg gjerne inn</a> hvis du vil støtte oss.</p>
10034
10035 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
10036
10037 <p><!-- Mitt navn er Arnt Ove Gregersen, jeg er en småbarnfar på 32 år som
10038 for tiden bor Trondheim. -->
10039 Mitt navn er Arnt Ove Gregersen, jeg er 32 år og bor for tiden i Trondheim.
10040
10041 Her jobber jeg som systemutvikler i et firma
10042 som heter <a href="http://www.geomatikk-ikt.no/">Geomatikk IKT AS</a>,
10043 hvor jeg er på et Vegmeldings-prosjekt for Statens Vegvesen. På
10044 fritiden er jeg styreleder i FRISK (Fri programvare i skolen) og
10045 bidrar til bl.a. Skolelinux-prosjektet når jeg får tid til det. Det er
10046 primært hjemmesiden til Skolelinux-prosjektet og
10047 <a href="http://linuxveiviseren.no/">Linux-veiviseren</a> jeg har
10048 jobbet med her, men jeg har også gjort en del arbeid i forhold til
10049 FRISK sin hjemmeside.</p>
10050
10051 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
10052
10053 <p>Jeg var på en presentasjon av prosjektet i regi av Knut Yrvin på
10054 Gløshaugen i Trondheim, hvor jeg fattet stor interesse for prosjektet
10055 og ville hjelpe til så godt jeg kunne.  Dette var vel i 2002 eller
10056 2003.</p>
10057
10058 <p>Jeg hadde fra før hørt om prosjektet fra før og syntes tanken bak var
10059 ganske fin, men hadde ikke noen interesse av bruke min egen fritid på
10060 det selv.</p>
10061
10062 <p>I etterkant av presentasjonen startet jeg og noen andre fra
10063 Trondheim "Skolelinux-prosjektet i Sør-Trøndelag" . Hvor vi var med å
10064 bidra til at Trondheim kommune satte igang Selsbakk ungdomskole som et
10065 pilotprosjekt med Skolelinux, som egentlig var og er en stor suksess,
10066 men det virker ut som det ikke skjer noe mer på. I tillegg var vi med
10067 på dugnad på Brundalen videregående skole hvor vi installerte
10068 Skolelinux som såvidt jeg vet fortsatt kjører på Skolelinux.</p>
10069
10070 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
10071
10072 <p>Det bygger på fri programvare og har lav kostnad i forhold til
10073 nytteverdien. Dette fordi det har forholdsvis lav inngangsum og bruker
10074 en arkitektur med sentral-drift som gir mange driftfordeler.  I
10075 tillegg vil det kunne frigjøre kostnader for skolene slik at de kan
10076 bruke dem til å ansette f,eks flere lærere om det er ønskelig.</p>
10077
10078 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
10079
10080 <P>Ikke all pedagogisk programvare er tilgjengelig der, som f.eks
10081 Drillpro om jeg ikke husker feil.</p>
10082
10083 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
10084
10085 <p>Til utvikling av Java-applikasjoner og Android bruker jeg Eclipse og
10086 Quanta til web-utvikling via php. For all bildebehandling bruker jeg
10087 GIMP og Blender til 3d-modellering . Dessverre har Blender en bratt
10088 læringskurve i starten, men det er absolutt verdt det.
10089
10090 <p>Til musikk bruker jeg stort Rhytmbox. Firefox til surfing på nettet og
10091 Thunderbird og Evolution til e-post,
10092
10093 <p>På database-siden bruker jeg PostgreSQL, Postgis og av og til Mysql.
10094
10095 <p>Når jeg får tid til å spille bruker jeg som regel et strategi-spill
10096 som er basert på TA Spring-motoren (springrts.com), her er det et
10097 veldig bra utvalg av gratis spill som er av høy kvalitet. Veldig lett
10098 å bli hektet :)</p>
10099
10100       </div>
10101       <div class="tags">
10102
10103
10104         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
10105
10106
10107       </div>
10108     </div>
10109     <div class="padding"></div>
10110
10111     <div class="entry">
10112       <div class="title">
10113         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Inspirerende_fra_en_ukjent_Skolelinux_skole.html">Inspirerende fra en ukjent Skolelinux-skole</a>
10114       </div>
10115       <div class="date">
10116          4th January 2011
10117       </div>
10118       <div class="body">
10119         <p>Følgende inspirerende historie fant jeg i
10120 <a href="http://www.digi.no/php/ny_debatt.php?id=858869#innlegg_770926">kommentarfeltet
10121 hos digi.no</a> i forbindelse med en trist sak om hvordan
10122 <a href="http://www.digi.no/858869/datakaos-etter-linux-satsing">skolen
10123 i Hemsedal har fått ødelagt</a> sin Skolelinux-installasjon.  Jeg har
10124 fikset endel åpenbare skrivefeil for lesbarhetens skyld.</p>
10125
10126 <blockquote>
10127 <p><strong>Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
10128 <br>av Inspektør Siri (gjest)
10129
10130 <p>Kommunen min har to omtrent jevnstore tettsteder, og en
10131 ungdomsskole i hvert av tettstedene. Den minste av disse har ca 300
10132 elever og til denne sogner det 3 barneskoler. Den største har ca 350
10133 elever og til denne sogner det 4 barneskoler.</p>
10134
10135 <ul>
10136
10137 <li>Kommunen har i veldig lang tid forsømt IKT i skolen, og det har
10138 bare blitt gitt smuler i ny og ne. Det er kun den største av
10139 ungdomsskolene som har hatt en skikkelig datapark, og dette takket
10140 være en naturfaglærer som ble lei av å vente på kommunen. Det gjorde
10141 at vi bestemte oss for å ta ting i egne hender, og da vha
10142 skolelinux. En testinstallasjon med 10 gamle PCer ble gjort, og vi så
10143 raskt at dette var veldig lovende. Neste etappe var å gi alle lærere
10144 egen PC på arbeidsplassene sine (2004), og så sette opp 16 PCer på to
10145 datarom. Vi har kun basert oss på å kjøpe inn brukte maskiner, og
10146 aldri dyrere enn 1000 kr pr klient. For to år siden så hadde vi
10147 klienter i alle klasserom, og totalt hadde vi da rundt 250 stk. Rundt
10148 40 klienter brukes av lærerne og kjører på en egen server. Elvene har
10149 resten, og kjører også en egen server. Servere har vi også kjøpt
10150 brukt, 2 år gamle servere koster 6-7000 kroner.</li>
10151
10152 <li>Skolen vår er et relativt gammelt bygg, men en meget dyktig
10153 vaktmester har sammen med IKT-ansvarlig/Naturfaglærer lagt kabler til alle
10154 rom. Gradvis har vi byttet ut billige svitsjer med mer solide saker
10155 som er mulig å fjernstyre.</li>
10156
10157 <li>Vi har i all hovedsak greid å få dette til over eget budsjett, men
10158 vi har også passet på å få penger når de andre skolene har fått
10159 bærbare PCer til lærere osv.</li>
10160
10161 <li>Vår IKT-ansvarlig har gjort (og gjør) en fenomenal jobb, og vi har
10162 en maskinpark som de andre av kommunens skoler bare kan drømme
10163 om.</li>
10164
10165 </ul>
10166
10167 <p>Så skjer det som ofte skjer. Det kommer en eller annen
10168 selger/blåruss og skal fikse ALT. I vårt tilfelle betyr dette også
10169 sentralisering av drift. Den ny-ansatte på kommunens IT-avdelingen
10170 skal også ha jobb, og ser for seg å ta over skoledriften. Kommunen
10171 kjøper inn eksterne driftstjenester, og nekter i samme slengen å ta
10172 hensyn til skolen vår. Dette til tross for at vi alene har like mange
10173 datamaskiner som de andre til sammen. </p>
10174
10175 <ul>
10176
10177 <li>Det blir krevd at vi skal innlemmes i de kommunale systemet, og
10178 det er VI som får ansvar for at dette kommer på plass. Og det er her
10179 de horrible tingene begynner å skje. </li>
10180
10181 <li>Det settes opp en lukket Exchange server som gjør av vi ikke kan
10182 hente epost for våre ansatte. Og det kreves at vi finner løsning på
10183 dette.</li>
10184
10185 <li>Det velges sak arkivsystem som vi pålegges å bruke, noe som gjør
10186 at vi må bruke en terminalløsning mot kommunal server. Ikke i seg selv
10187 et problem i følge IKT-ansvarlig hos oss. Men kommunens IT-avd nektet
10188 faktisk å åpne de porter OSV som vi måtte bruke.</li>
10189
10190 <li>Vi blir pålagt å flytte på innsiden av det kommunale
10191 nettverket. Dette gjorde at vi mistet hjemmekontor for lærere og
10192 elever. Å få åpnet porter i kommunal brannmur var ikke
10193 aktuelt. Mulighet for fjerndrift ble også vekk i samme slengen. </li>
10194
10195 <li>Vår LMS Moodle er ikke mulig å nå for elevene og lærerne.
10196
10197 </ul>
10198
10199 <p>Den andre ungdomsskolen i kommunen begynner så å kreve at de skal
10200 få bedre datatetthet, og komme opp på et nivå som ligner det vi
10201 har. De ser at vi kan avholde eksamen hvor alle 10. klassingene får
10202 sitte ved hver sin PC. Og de har fått tilbakemelding (klager) fra VGS
10203 om manglende datakompetanse på elevene som kommer fra dem. Dette fører
10204 videre til at kommunen endelig innser at de må ta grep. </p>
10205
10206 <p>Grepet betyr sentralisering, og farvel til vår plattform får vi
10207 høre. Det blir gjort en rekke bestemmelser og vedtak som vi ikke får
10208 være en del av. Det blir helt klart at vi må redusere antall maskiner,
10209 og det skal satses på bærbare maskiner. Siden vi ikke har fått tatt
10210 del i prosessene som angår oss, så bruker vi fagforening. Vi har ikke
10211 blitt hørt i forbindelse med endringer som er betydelig for vår
10212 hverdag, og greier å stoppe omlegging. I tillegg så har vi et politisk
10213 vedtak i kommunen på at vi skal kjøre Linux på elevnett, og dette
10214 vedtaket kan ikke administrasjonen i kommunene helt uten videre
10215 tilsidesette. </p>
10216
10217 <p>I sum har dette gjort at vi har fått jobbe videre i fred. Og en del
10218 runder i kommunens kontrollutvalg har gjort det tydelig at vi har blitt
10219 systematisk motarbeidet. </p>
10220
10221 <p>I dag har de andre skolene fått sine bærbare maskiner til elever og
10222 lærere, men etter 2 år med innkjøring er det fremdeles problemer
10223 her. </p>
10224
10225 <ul>
10226
10227 <li>Ungdomsskolen med windows kan ikke kjøre eksamen med sine bærbare,
10228 det er for mye arbeid å renske disse for innhold slik at juks ikke er
10229 mulig.</li>
10230
10231 <li>Utskrift er et mareritt, etter sigende pga at utskrift først
10232 sendes til sentral server, og så sendes ut til rett skriver. I snitt
10233 så tar det 7-8 minutter før utskrift starter på enkelte av
10234 skolene.</li>
10235
10236 <li>Trådløst skaper store problemer, og det er i perioder helt umulig
10237 å komme seg på nett. Og lagring på felles server er bare å glemme i
10238 perioder.</li>
10239
10240 </ul>
10241
10242 <p>Vi har slitt mye, kranglet og sloss. Ikke med tekniske problemer,
10243 men med omgivelsene rundt som vil oss til livs. Men det har vært verdt
10244 hver dråpe med svette, og timer med irritasjon. Men vi har begynt å få
10245 rutine her nå. </p>
10246
10247 <ul>
10248
10249 <li>Vi har fremdeles et system som vi styrer helt selv. </li>
10250 <li>Vi har vist at argumentet med at vår IKT-ansvarlig kan finne seg annen jobb ikke holder mål. Vi har kjøpt driftskonto hos et firma i tilfelle krise, og vi har kjørt opplæring på flere av de yngre lærerne. </li>
10251 <li>Vi har til enhver tid en lærling IKT driftsfag, og velger selvsagt ut dem som satser på Linux. Vi har nå begynt å få tilbake av våre tidligere elever som vil til oss nettopp fordi vi har Linux.</li>
10252 <li>Vi har vist at vi greier å opprettholde en dobbelt så stor datapark som naboskolen, og det til en billigere penge. </li>
10253 <li>Vi har datastøtte og support på huset, ALLTID tilgjengelig. De andre skolene må vente flere dager hvis det ikke er noe kritisk. </li>
10254 <li>Vår IKT-ansvarlig har 50% stilling som lærer og 50% som IKT-ansvarlig. </li>
10255 <li>Vi har en lærer på hvert trinn som har 3 timer i uka til å drive support/støtte til de andre lærerne. </li>
10256 <li>Vi opplever at de yngste lærerne ved den andre ungdomsskolen ønsker seg over til oss. </li>
10257
10258 </ul>
10259
10260 <p>Vi skal i løpet av året starte prosess med å planlegge ny skole, og vi har fått gjennomslag for at jeg (inspektør) og IKT-ansvarlig skal ha det fulle og hele ansvar for IKT/Infrastruktur. Begrunnelsen vår som ble avgjørende her, var at IT-avd i kommunen ikke kan noe om data i skolen. </p>
10261
10262 <p>Beklager hvis dette ble litt usammenhengende, men det ble tastet i
10263 fei, og jeg har ikke lest gjennom</p>
10264 </blockquote>
10265
10266 <p>Det kom raskt et lite svar:</p>
10267
10268 <blockquote>
10269 <p><strong>SV: Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
10270 <br>av captain_obvious</p>
10271
10272 <p>Inspirerende å lese. Har dere gjort noe for å fortelle denne
10273 historien videre?</p>
10274
10275 <p>Hadde vært svært interessant om dere tok kontakt med dokument 2 eller
10276 lignende for å fortelle hvordan det egentlig står til med
10277 IT-satsningen i kommune-Norge. Om ikke annet kan du begynner med å
10278 raffinere innlegget ditt og få en gjesteartikkel på digi.no</p>
10279 </blockquote>
10280
10281 <p>Og deretter en lengre oppfølging.</p>
10282
10283 <blockquote>
10284 <p><strong>SV: Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
10285 <br>av Inspektør Siri (gjest)
10286
10287 <p>Joda, vi har lekt med tanken, og vi har t.o.m skrevet flere lengre
10288 leserinnlegg myntet på aviser. Disse er ikke sendt til aviser, men
10289 brukt internt i forbindelse med møter med kommune. Vår IKT-ansvarlig
10290 har også truet med å si opp jobben sin hvis det ikke ble tatt hensyn i
10291 større grad enn hva som har vært tilfelle. VI kan også dokumentere
10292 flere brudd på anbudsregler, og vi kjenner til at relativt store
10293 IT-leverandører som ikke har fått tatt del i disse anbudene, rett og
10294 slett ikke tør melde fra av redsel for å få et dårlig rykte. </p>
10295
10296 <p>Alt ser ut til å roe seg ned, og vi har fått opp øynene på
10297 politikerne. I sum gjør dette at vi ikke ønsker for mye publisitet nå,
10298 det vil bare rote til igjen. </p>
10299
10300 <p>Jeg glemte å nevne at vi nå nesten ikke bruker tid på å drifte
10301 systemet vårt, noe som gjør at det aller meste av tid blir brukt til å
10302 støtte lærerne og elevene. F.eks så bruker vår IKT-ansvarlig den
10303 første timen på jobb, 0730-0830 kun til å gå ute på arbeidsplassene
10304 til læreren. Dette for å kunne svare på små og store problem, gi tips
10305 og råd, eller bare for å plukke opp hva som er behovet ute i
10306 undervisningsarealene. Det er dessverre ikke slik at alle lærerne har
10307 nok digital kompetanse til å kunne formulere alle spørsmålene de har,
10308 men ved å kunne få vise eller lufte tanker med IKT-ansvarlig så er det
10309 utrolig hva som kommer fram. </p>
10310
10311 <ul>
10312
10313 <li>Jeg ser at mange bruker økonomi som argument i forhold til å bruke
10314 SkoleLinux, og jeg skal ikke legge skjul på at det var dette som i
10315 utgangspunktet var årsaken til vårt valg. Men diskusjonene og kampen
10316 med kommunens IT-avdeling har gjort at vi har fått et noe annet
10317 fokus. Fordelene med drift og stabilitet, gjør at vi ville ha valgt
10318 samme løsning selv om den var dyrere. At vi slipper langt billigere
10319 unna, som følge av 0,- lisenskostnader og lave maskinvarekostnader, er
10320 bare en bonus. </li>
10321
10322 <li>Etter å ha kranglet oss til å få skikkelig oversikt over hva de
10323 andre skolene i kommunen bruker på IT, så har vi fått gehør for å få
10324 samme midler til innkjøp. Dette har gjort at vi nå kan kjøpe inn
10325 utstyr som de andre skolene bare kan se langt etter. Vi har nettopp
10326 kjøpt inn 3 videokamera i semiproff-klassen for å kunne lage film,
10327 samt sende live fra skoleteater/konserter. Vi har kjøpt inn digitale
10328 kompaktkamera til alle klassene. Vi har et team av lærere som skal i
10329 gang med å teste ut tablets på svake elever. Håpet et at teknologien
10330 kan være med på å gi noen av elevene litt mer motivasjon. Vi har kjøpt
10331 inn et halvt klassesett med pulsklokker, noe som har vist seg å være
10332 overraskende inspirerende for en del av elevene. Vi har også oss på
10333 fag på en høyskole litt lengre sør for oss, slik at 3 av oss nå skal
10334 ta faget "Linux tjenestedrift". Som inspektør og en del av skolens
10335 administrasjon er det veldig praktisk å kunne trå til hvis det
10336 kniper. Men IKT-ansvarlig har vært UTROLIG flink til å lage rene
10337 smørbrødlister for hvordan de mest vanlige driftsproblem løses, så det
10338 er lett for flere av oss å ta del i den daglige driften. Vi har svært
10339 stor nytte av lærling (som også hjelper to av naboskolene), men det er
10340 nesten blitt slik at det er om å gjøre å komme til først for å få løse
10341 problem. Det å få fingrene på problem og utfordringer er den aller
10342 beste læremester. </li>
10343
10344 </ul>
10345
10346 <p>Når vi nå tar til med planlegging av ny skole, så vil det være med
10347 tanke på at det skal være mulig med datautstyr på alle plasser. Vi
10348 kommer i all hovedsak til å legge kabel til alle tenkelige og
10349 utenkelige plasser. WiFi koster tilnærmet NULL å sette opp i
10350 ettertid.</p>
10351
10352 <p>Vi har ikke vært noe flink til å bidra til SkoleLinux-prosjektet,
10353 vi har rett og slett vært for opptatt med vår egen kamp. Vi har hentet
10354 mye inspirasjon fra diskusjoner som har gått i det miljøet, og vi
10355 håper at vi nå framover kan få tid til å bidra. Vi er i ferd med å
10356 bytte ut en av serverne våre, og da vil denne trolig bli satt opp som
10357 testserver for neste versjon av Skolelinux. På den måten vil vi i alle
10358 fall kunne gi tilbakemeldinger og rapportere feil. I tillegg så vil
10359 det kanskje gi oss noen nye utfordringer, for som lærlingen vår sier:
10360 "Skolelinux er noe herk, det skjer jo ikke noe galt og hvordan skal
10361 jeg da lære?"</p>
10362
10363 </blockquote>
10364
10365 <p>Det er veldig hyggelig å høre at
10366 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> fungerer så bra i
10367 skoleverdagen etter å ha jobbet med det i 10 år.</p>
10368
10369       </div>
10370       <div class="tags">
10371
10372
10373         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
10374
10375
10376       </div>
10377     </div>
10378     <div class="padding"></div>
10379
10380     <div class="entry">
10381       <div class="title">
10382         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_test_if_a_laptop_is_working_with_Linux.html">How to test if a laptop is working with Linux</a>
10383       </div>
10384       <div class="date">
10385         22nd December 2010
10386       </div>
10387       <div class="body">
10388         <p>The last few days I have spent at work here at the <a
10389 href="http://www.uio.no/">University of Oslo</a> testing if the new
10390 batch of computers will work with Linux.  Every year for the last few
10391 years the university have organised shared bid of a few thousand
10392 computers, and this year HP won the bid.  Two different desktops and
10393 five different laptops are on the list this year.  We in the UNIX
10394 group want to know which one of these computers work well with RHEL
10395 and Ubuntu, the two Linux distributions we currently handle at the
10396 university.</p>
10397
10398 <p>My test method is simple, and I share it here to get feedback and
10399 perhaps inspire others to test hardware as well.  To test, I PXE
10400 install the OS version of choice, and log in as my normal user and run
10401 a few applications and plug in selected pieces of hardware.  When
10402 something fail, I make a note about this in the test matrix and move
10403 on.  If I have some spare time I try to report the bug to the OS
10404 vendor, but as I only have the machines for a short time, I rarely
10405 have the time to do this for all the problems I find.</p>
10406
10407 <p>Anyway, to get to the point of this post.  Here is the simple tests
10408 I perform on a new model.</p>
10409
10410 <ul>
10411
10412 <li>Is PXE installation working?  I'm testing with RHEL6, Ubuntu Lucid
10413 and Ubuntu Maverik at the moment.  If I feel like it, I also test with
10414 RHEL5 and Debian Edu/Squeeze.</li>
10415
10416 <li>Is X.org working?  If the graphical login screen show up after
10417 installation, X.org is working.</li>
10418
10419 <li>Is hardware accelerated OpenGL working?  Running glxgears (in
10420 package mesa-utils on Ubuntu) and writing down the frames per second
10421 reported by the program.</li>
10422
10423 <li>Is sound working?  With Gnome and KDE, a sound is played when
10424 logging in, and if I can hear this the test is successful.  If there
10425 are several audio exits on the machine, I try them all and check if
10426 the Gnome/KDE audio mixer can control where to send the sound.  I
10427 normally test this by playing
10428 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20101012-chef/ ">a HTML5
10429 video</a> in Firefox/Iceweasel.</li>
10430
10431 <li>Is the USB subsystem working?  I test this by plugging in a USB
10432 memory stick and see if Gnome/KDE notices this.</li>
10433
10434 <li>Is the CD/DVD player working?  I test this by inserting any CD/DVD
10435 I have lying around, and see if Gnome/KDE notices this.</li>
10436
10437 <li>Is any built in camera working?  Test using cheese, and see if a
10438 picture from the v4l device show up.</li>
10439
10440 <li>Is bluetooth working?  Use the Gnome/KDE browsing tool to see if
10441 any bluetooth devices are discovered.  In my office, I normally see a
10442 few.</li>
10443
10444 <li>For laptops, is the SD or Compaq Flash reader working.  I have
10445 memory modules lying around, and stick them in and see if Gnome/KDE
10446 notice this.</li>
10447
10448 <li>For laptops, is suspend/hibernate working?  I'm testing if the
10449 special button work, and if the laptop continue to work after
10450 resume.</li>
10451
10452 <li>For laptops, is the extra buttons working, like audio level,
10453 adjusting background light, switching on/off external video output,
10454 switching on/off wifi, bluetooth, etc?  The set of buttons differ from
10455 laptop to laptop, so I just write down which are working and which are
10456 not.</li>
10457
10458 <li>Some laptops have smart card readers, finger print readers,
10459 acceleration sensors etc.  I rarely test these, as I do not know how
10460 to quickly test if they are working or not, so I only document their
10461 existence.</li>
10462
10463 </ul>
10464
10465 <p>By now I suspect you are really curious what the test results are
10466 for the HP machines I am testing.  I'm not done yet, so I will report
10467 the test results later.  For now I can report that HP 8100 Elite work
10468 fine, and hibernation fail with HP EliteBook 8440p on Ubuntu Lucid,
10469 and audio fail on RHEL6.  Ubuntu Maverik worked with 8440p.  As you
10470 can see, I have most machines left to test.  One interesting
10471 observation is that Ubuntu Lucid has almost twice the frame rate than
10472 RHEL6 with glxgears.  No idea why.</p>
10473
10474       </div>
10475       <div class="tags">
10476
10477
10478         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
10479
10480
10481       </div>
10482     </div>
10483     <div class="padding"></div>
10484
10485     <div class="entry">
10486       <div class="title">
10487         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_development_gathering_and_General_Assembly_for_FRiSK.html">Debian Edu development gathering and General Assembly for FRiSK</a>
10488       </div>
10489       <div class="date">
10490         29th November 2010
10491       </div>
10492       <div class="body">
10493         <p>On friday, the first Debian Edu / Skolelinux
10494 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering/2010-12-03-05-Oslo">development
10495 gathering</a> in a long time take place here in Oslo, Norway.  I
10496 really look forward to seeing all the good people working on the
10497 Squeeze release.  The gathering is open for everyone interested in
10498 learning more about Debian Edu / Skolelinux.</p>
10499
10500 <p>On Saturday, the Norwegian member organization taking care of
10501 organizing these development gatherings, Fri Programvare i Skolen,
10502 will hold its
10503 <a href="http://friprogramvareiskolen.no/Genfors/2010">General Assembly
10504 for 2010</a>.  Membership is open for all, and currently there are 388
10505 people registered as members.  Last year 32 members cast their vote in
10506 the memberdb based election system.  I hope more people find time to
10507 vote this year.</p>
10508
10509       </div>
10510       <div class="tags">
10511
10512
10513         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10514
10515
10516       </div>
10517     </div>
10518     <div class="padding"></div>
10519
10520     <div class="entry">
10521       <div class="title">
10522         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_isn_t_Debian_Edu_using_VLC_.html">Why isn't Debian Edu using VLC?</a>
10523       </div>
10524       <div class="date">
10525         27th November 2010
10526       </div>
10527       <div class="body">
10528         <p>In the latest issue of Linux Journal, the readers choices were
10529 presented, and the winner among the multimedia player were VLC.
10530 Personally, I like VLC, and it is my player of choice when I first try
10531 to play a video file or stream.  Only if VLC fail will I drag out
10532 gmplayer to see if it can do better.  The reason is mostly the failure
10533 model and trust.  When VLC fail, it normally pop up a error message
10534 reporting the problem.  When mplayer fail, it normally segfault or
10535 just hangs.  The latter failure mode drain my trust in the program.<p>
10536
10537 <p>But even if VLC is my player of choice, we have choosen to use
10538 mplayer in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian
10539 Edu/Skolelinux</a>.  The reason is simple.  We need a good browser
10540 plugin to play web videos seamlessly, and the VLC browser plugin is
10541 not very good.  For example, it lack in-line control buttons, so there
10542 is no way for the user to pause the video.  Also, when I
10543 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/BrowserMultimedia">last
10544 tested the browser plugins</a> available in Debian, the VLC plugin
10545 failed on several video pages where mplayer based plugins worked.  If
10546 the browser plugin for VLC was as good as the gecko-mediaplayer
10547 package (which uses mplayer), we would switch.</P>
10548
10549 <p>While VLC is a good player, its user interface is slightly
10550 annoying.  The most annoying feature is its inconsistent use of
10551 keyboard shortcuts.  When the player is in full screen mode, its
10552 shortcuts are different from when it is playing the video in a window.
10553 For example, space only work as pause when in full screen mode.  I
10554 wish it had consisten shortcuts and that space also would work when in
10555 window mode.  Another nice shortcut in gmplayer is [enter] to restart
10556 the current video.  It is very nice when playing short videos from the
10557 web and want to restart it when new people arrive to have a look at
10558 what is going on.</p>
10559
10560       </div>
10561       <div class="tags">
10562
10563
10564         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
10565
10566
10567       </div>
10568     </div>
10569     <div class="padding"></div>
10570
10571     <div class="entry">
10572       <div class="title">
10573         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades_of_the_Gnome_and_KDE_desktop__now_with_apt_get_autoremove.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades of the Gnome and KDE desktop, now with apt-get autoremove</a>
10574       </div>
10575       <div class="date">
10576         22nd November 2010
10577       </div>
10578       <div class="body">
10579         <p>Michael Biebl suggested to me on IRC, that I changed my automated
10580 upgrade testing of the
10581 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">Lenny
10582 Gnome and KDE Desktop</a> to do <tt>apt-get autoremove</tt> when using apt-get.
10583 This seem like a very good idea, so I adjusted by test scripts and
10584 can now present the updated result from today:</p>
10585
10586 <p>This is for Gnome:</p>
10587
10588 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
10589
10590 <blockquote><p>
10591   apache2.2-bin
10592   aptdaemon
10593   baobab
10594   binfmt-support
10595   browser-plugin-gnash
10596   cheese-common
10597   cli-common
10598   cups-pk-helper
10599   dmz-cursor-theme
10600   empathy
10601   empathy-common
10602   freedesktop-sound-theme
10603   freeglut3
10604   gconf-defaults-service
10605   gdm-themes
10606   gedit-plugins
10607   geoclue
10608   geoclue-hostip
10609   geoclue-localnet
10610   geoclue-manual
10611   geoclue-yahoo
10612   gnash
10613   gnash-common
10614   gnome
10615   gnome-backgrounds
10616   gnome-cards-data
10617   gnome-codec-install
10618   gnome-core
10619   gnome-desktop-environment
10620   gnome-disk-utility
10621   gnome-screenshot
10622   gnome-search-tool
10623   gnome-session-canberra
10624   gnome-system-log
10625   gnome-themes-extras
10626   gnome-themes-more
10627   gnome-user-share
10628   gstreamer0.10-fluendo-mp3
10629   gstreamer0.10-tools
10630   gtk2-engines
10631   gtk2-engines-pixbuf
10632   gtk2-engines-smooth
10633   hamster-applet
10634   libapache2-mod-dnssd
10635   libapr1
10636   libaprutil1
10637   libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3
10638   libaprutil1-ldap
10639   libart2.0-cil
10640   libboost-date-time1.42.0
10641   libboost-python1.42.0
10642   libboost-thread1.42.0
10643   libchamplain-0.4-0
10644   libchamplain-gtk-0.4-0
10645   libcheese-gtk18
10646   libclutter-gtk-0.10-0
10647   libcryptui0
10648   libdiscid0
10649   libelf1
10650   libepc-1.0-2
10651   libepc-common
10652   libepc-ui-1.0-2
10653   libfreerdp-plugins-standard
10654   libfreerdp0
10655   libgconf2.0-cil
10656   libgdata-common
10657   libgdata7
10658   libgdu-gtk0
10659   libgee2
10660   libgeoclue0
10661   libgexiv2-0
10662   libgif4
10663   libglade2.0-cil
10664   libglib2.0-cil
10665   libgmime2.4-cil
10666   libgnome-vfs2.0-cil
10667   libgnome2.24-cil
10668   libgnomepanel2.24-cil
10669   libgpod-common
10670   libgpod4
10671   libgtk2.0-cil
10672   libgtkglext1
10673   libgtksourceview2.0-common
10674   libmono-addins-gui0.2-cil
10675   libmono-addins0.2-cil
10676   libmono-cairo2.0-cil
10677   libmono-corlib2.0-cil
10678   libmono-i18n-west2.0-cil
10679   libmono-posix2.0-cil
10680   libmono-security2.0-cil
10681   libmono-sharpzip2.84-cil
10682   libmono-system2.0-cil
10683   libmtp8
10684   libmusicbrainz3-6
10685   libndesk-dbus-glib1.0-cil
10686   libndesk-dbus1.0-cil
10687   libopal3.6.8
10688   libpolkit-gtk-1-0
10689   libpt2.6.7
10690   libpython2.6
10691   librpm1
10692   librpmio1
10693   libsdl1.2debian
10694   libsrtp0
10695   libssh-4
10696   libtelepathy-farsight0
10697   libtelepathy-glib0
10698   libtidy-0.99-0
10699   media-player-info
10700   mesa-utils
10701   mono-2.0-gac
10702   mono-gac
10703   mono-runtime
10704   nautilus-sendto
10705   nautilus-sendto-empathy
10706   p7zip-full
10707   pkg-config
10708   python-aptdaemon
10709   python-aptdaemon-gtk
10710   python-axiom
10711   python-beautifulsoup
10712   python-bugbuddy
10713   python-clientform
10714   python-coherence
10715   python-configobj
10716   python-crypto
10717   python-cupshelpers
10718   python-elementtree
10719   python-epsilon
10720   python-evolution
10721   python-feedparser
10722   python-gdata
10723   python-gdbm
10724   python-gst0.10
10725   python-gtkglext1
10726   python-gtksourceview2
10727   python-httplib2
10728   python-louie
10729   python-mako
10730   python-markupsafe
10731   python-mechanize
10732   python-nevow
10733   python-notify
10734   python-opengl
10735   python-openssl
10736   python-pam
10737   python-pkg-resources
10738   python-pyasn1
10739   python-pysqlite2
10740   python-rdflib
10741   python-serial
10742   python-tagpy
10743   python-twisted-bin
10744   python-twisted-conch
10745   python-twisted-core
10746   python-twisted-web
10747   python-utidylib
10748   python-webkit
10749   python-xdg
10750   python-zope.interface
10751   remmina
10752   remmina-plugin-data
10753   remmina-plugin-rdp
10754   remmina-plugin-vnc
10755   rhythmbox-plugin-cdrecorder
10756   rhythmbox-plugins
10757   rpm-common
10758   rpm2cpio
10759   seahorse-plugins
10760   shotwell
10761   software-center
10762   system-config-printer-udev
10763   telepathy-gabble
10764   telepathy-mission-control-5
10765   telepathy-salut
10766   tomboy
10767   totem
10768   totem-coherence
10769   totem-mozilla
10770   totem-plugins
10771   transmission-common
10772   xdg-user-dirs
10773   xdg-user-dirs-gtk
10774   xserver-xephyr
10775 </p></blockquote>
10776
10777 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
10778
10779 <blockquote><p>
10780   cheese
10781   ekiga
10782   eog
10783   epiphany-extensions
10784   evolution-exchange
10785   fast-user-switch-applet
10786   file-roller
10787   gcalctool
10788   gconf-editor
10789   gdm
10790   gedit
10791   gedit-common
10792   gnome-games
10793   gnome-games-data
10794   gnome-nettool
10795   gnome-system-tools
10796   gnome-themes
10797   gnuchess
10798   gucharmap
10799   guile-1.8-libs
10800   libavahi-ui0
10801   libdmx1
10802   libgalago3
10803   libgtk-vnc-1.0-0
10804   libgtksourceview2.0-0
10805   liblircclient0
10806   libsdl1.2debian-alsa
10807   libspeexdsp1
10808   libsvga1
10809   rhythmbox
10810   seahorse
10811   sound-juicer
10812   system-config-printer
10813   totem-common
10814   transmission-gtk
10815   vinagre
10816   vino
10817 </p></blockquote>
10818
10819 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
10820
10821 <blockquote><p>
10822   gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
10823 </p></blockquote>
10824
10825 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
10826
10827 <blockquote><p>
10828 [nothing]
10829 </p></blockquote>
10830
10831 <p>This is for KDE:</p>
10832
10833 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
10834
10835 <blockquote><p>
10836   ksmserver
10837 </p></blockquote>
10838
10839 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
10840
10841 <blockquote><p>
10842   kwin
10843   network-manager-kde
10844 </p></blockquote>
10845
10846 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
10847
10848 <blockquote><p>
10849   arts
10850   dolphin
10851   freespacenotifier
10852   google-gadgets-gst
10853   google-gadgets-xul
10854   kappfinder
10855   kcalc
10856   kcharselect
10857   kde-core
10858   kde-plasma-desktop
10859   kde-standard
10860   kde-window-manager
10861   kdeartwork
10862   kdeartwork-emoticons
10863   kdeartwork-style
10864   kdeartwork-theme-icon
10865   kdebase
10866   kdebase-apps
10867   kdebase-workspace
10868   kdebase-workspace-bin
10869   kdebase-workspace-data
10870   kdeeject
10871   kdelibs
10872   kdeplasma-addons
10873   kdeutils
10874   kdewallpapers
10875   kdf
10876   kfloppy
10877   kgpg
10878   khelpcenter4
10879   kinfocenter
10880   konq-plugins-l10n
10881   konqueror-nsplugins
10882   kscreensaver
10883   kscreensaver-xsavers
10884   ktimer
10885   kwrite
10886   libgle3
10887   libkde4-ruby1.8
10888   libkonq5
10889   libkonq5-templates
10890   libnetpbm10
10891   libplasma-ruby
10892   libplasma-ruby1.8
10893   libqt4-ruby1.8
10894   marble-data
10895   marble-plugins
10896   netpbm
10897   nuvola-icon-theme
10898   plasma-dataengines-workspace
10899   plasma-desktop
10900   plasma-desktopthemes-artwork
10901   plasma-runners-addons
10902   plasma-scriptengine-googlegadgets
10903   plasma-scriptengine-python
10904   plasma-scriptengine-qedje
10905   plasma-scriptengine-ruby
10906   plasma-scriptengine-webkit
10907   plasma-scriptengines
10908   plasma-wallpapers-addons
10909   plasma-widget-folderview
10910   plasma-widget-networkmanagement
10911   ruby
10912   sweeper
10913   update-notifier-kde
10914   xscreensaver-data-extra
10915   xscreensaver-gl
10916   xscreensaver-gl-extra
10917   xscreensaver-screensaver-bsod
10918 </p></blockquote>
10919
10920 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
10921
10922 <blockquote><p>
10923   ark
10924   google-gadgets-common
10925   google-gadgets-qt
10926   htdig
10927   kate
10928   kdebase-bin
10929   kdebase-data
10930   kdepasswd
10931   kfind
10932   klipper
10933   konq-plugins
10934   konqueror
10935   ksysguard
10936   ksysguardd
10937   libarchive1
10938   libcln6
10939   libeet1
10940   libeina-svn-06
10941   libggadget-1.0-0b
10942   libggadget-qt-1.0-0b
10943   libgps19
10944   libkdecorations4
10945   libkephal4
10946   libkonq4
10947   libkonqsidebarplugin4a
10948   libkscreensaver5
10949   libksgrd4
10950   libksignalplotter4
10951   libkunitconversion4
10952   libkwineffects1a
10953   libmarblewidget4
10954   libntrack-qt4-1
10955   libntrack0
10956   libplasma-geolocation-interface4
10957   libplasmaclock4a
10958   libplasmagenericshell4
10959   libprocesscore4a
10960   libprocessui4a
10961   libqalculate5
10962   libqedje0a
10963   libqtruby4shared2
10964   libqzion0a
10965   libruby1.8
10966   libscim8c2a
10967   libsmokekdecore4-3
10968   libsmokekdeui4-3
10969   libsmokekfile3
10970   libsmokekhtml3
10971   libsmokekio3
10972   libsmokeknewstuff2-3
10973   libsmokeknewstuff3-3
10974   libsmokekparts3
10975   libsmokektexteditor3
10976   libsmokekutils3
10977   libsmokenepomuk3
10978   libsmokephonon3
10979   libsmokeplasma3
10980   libsmokeqtcore4-3
10981   libsmokeqtdbus4-3
10982   libsmokeqtgui4-3
10983   libsmokeqtnetwork4-3
10984   libsmokeqtopengl4-3
10985   libsmokeqtscript4-3
10986   libsmokeqtsql4-3
10987   libsmokeqtsvg4-3
10988   libsmokeqttest4-3
10989   libsmokeqtuitools4-3
10990   libsmokeqtwebkit4-3
10991   libsmokeqtxml4-3
10992   libsmokesolid3
10993   libsmokesoprano3
10994   libtaskmanager4a
10995   libtidy-0.99-0
10996   libweather-ion4a
10997   libxklavier16
10998   libxxf86misc1
10999   okteta
11000   oxygencursors
11001   plasma-dataengines-addons
11002   plasma-scriptengine-superkaramba
11003   plasma-widget-lancelot
11004   plasma-widgets-addons
11005   plasma-widgets-workspace
11006   polkit-kde-1
11007   ruby1.8
11008   systemsettings
11009   update-notifier-common
11010 </p></blockquote>
11011
11012 <p>Running apt-get autoremove made the results using apt-get and
11013 aptitude a bit more similar, but there are still quite a lott of
11014 differences.  I have no idea what packages should be installed after
11015 the upgrade, but hope those that do can have a look.</p>
11016
11017       </div>
11018       <div class="tags">
11019
11020
11021         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
11022
11023
11024       </div>
11025     </div>
11026     <div class="padding"></div>
11027
11028     <div class="entry">
11029       <div class="title">
11030         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Migrating_Xen_virtual_machines_using_LVM_to_KVM_using_disk_images.html">Migrating Xen virtual machines using LVM to KVM using disk images</a>
11031       </div>
11032       <div class="date">
11033         22nd November 2010
11034       </div>
11035       <div class="body">
11036         <p>Most of the computers in use by the
11037 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux project</a>
11038 are virtual machines.  And they have been Xen machines running on a
11039 fairly old IBM eserver xseries 345 machine, and we wanted to migrate
11040 them to KVM on a newer Dell PowerEdge 2950 host machine.  This was a
11041 bit harder that it could have been, because we set up the Xen virtual
11042 machines to get the virtual partitions from LVM, which as far as I
11043 know is not supported by KVM.  So to migrate, we had to convert
11044 several LVM logical volumes to partitions on a virtual disk file.</p>
11045
11046 <p>I found
11047 <a href="http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com.au/articles/35011-Six-steps-for-migrating-Xen-virtual-machines-to-KVM">a
11048 nice recipe</a> to do this, and wrote the following script to do the
11049 migration.  It uses qemu-img from the qemu package to make the disk
11050 image, parted to partition it, losetup and kpartx to present the disk
11051 image partions as devices, and dd to copy the data.  I NFS mounted the
11052 new servers storage area on the old server to do the migration.</p>
11053
11054 <pre>
11055 #!/bin/sh
11056
11057 # Based on
11058 # http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com.au/articles/35011-Six-steps-for-migrating-Xen-virtual-machines-to-KVM
11059
11060 set -e
11061 set -x
11062
11063 if [ -z "$1" ] ; then
11064     echo "Usage: $0 &lt;hostname&gt;"
11065     exit 1
11066 else
11067     host="$1"
11068 fi
11069
11070 if [ ! -e /dev/vg_data/$host-disk ] ; then
11071     echo "error: unable to find LVM volume for $host"
11072     exit 1
11073 fi
11074
11075 # Partitions need to be a bit bigger than the LVM LVs.  not sure why.
11076 disksize=$( lvs --units m | grep $host-disk | awk '{sum = sum + $4} END { print int(sum * 1.05) }')
11077 swapsize=$( lvs --units m | grep $host-swap | awk '{sum = sum + $4} END { print int(sum * 1.05) }')
11078 totalsize=$(( ( $disksize + $swapsize ) ))
11079
11080 img=$host.img
11081 #dd if=/dev/zero of=$img bs=1M count=$(( $disksize + $swapsize ))
11082 qemu-img create $img ${totalsize}MMaking room on the Debian Edu/Sqeeze DVD
11083
11084 parted $img mklabel msdos
11085 parted $img mkpart primary linux-swap 0 $disksize
11086 parted $img mkpart primary ext2 $disksize $totalsize
11087 parted $img set 1 boot on
11088
11089 modprobe dm-mod
11090 losetup /dev/loop0 $img
11091 kpartx -a /dev/loop0
11092
11093 dd if=/dev/vg_data/$host-disk of=/dev/mapper/loop0p1 bs=1M
11094 fsck.ext3 -f /dev/mapper/loop0p1 || true
11095 mkswap /dev/mapper/loop0p2
11096
11097 kpartx -d /dev/loop0
11098 losetup -d /dev/loop0
11099 </pre>
11100
11101 <p>The script is perhaps so simple that it is not copyrightable, but
11102 if it is, it is licenced using GPL v2 or later at your discretion.</p>
11103
11104 <p>After doing this, I booted a Debian CD in rescue mode in KVM with
11105 the new disk image attached, installed grub-pc and linux-image-686 and
11106 set up grub to boot from the disk image.  After this, the KVM machines
11107 seem to work just fine.</p>
11108
11109       </div>
11110       <div class="tags">
11111
11112
11113         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
11114
11115
11116       </div>
11117     </div>
11118     <div class="padding"></div>
11119
11120     <div class="entry">
11121       <div class="title">
11122         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__apt_vs_aptitude_with_the_Gnome_and_KDE_desktop.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, apt vs aptitude with the Gnome and KDE desktop</a>
11123       </div>
11124       <div class="date">
11125         20th November 2010
11126       </div>
11127       <div class="body">
11128         <p>I'm still running upgrade testing of the
11129 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">Lenny
11130 Gnome and KDE Desktop</a>, but have not had time to spend on reporting the
11131 status.  Here is a short update based on a test I ran 20101118.</p>
11132
11133 <p>I still do not know what a correct migration should look like, so I
11134 report any differences between apt and aptitude and hope someone else
11135 can see if anything should be changed.</p>
11136
11137 <p>This is for Gnome:</p>
11138
11139 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
11140
11141 <blockquote><p>
11142   apache2.2-bin aptdaemon at-spi baobab binfmt-support
11143   browser-plugin-gnash cheese-common cli-common cpp-4.3 cups-pk-helper
11144   dmz-cursor-theme empathy empathy-common finger
11145   freedesktop-sound-theme freeglut3 gconf-defaults-service gdm-themes
11146   gedit-plugins geoclue geoclue-hostip geoclue-localnet geoclue-manual
11147   geoclue-yahoo gnash gnash-common gnome gnome-backgrounds
11148   gnome-cards-data gnome-codec-install gnome-core
11149   gnome-desktop-environment gnome-disk-utility gnome-screenshot
11150   gnome-search-tool gnome-session-canberra gnome-spell
11151   gnome-system-log gnome-themes-extras gnome-themes-more
11152   gnome-user-share gs-common gstreamer0.10-fluendo-mp3
11153   gstreamer0.10-tools gtk2-engines gtk2-engines-pixbuf
11154   gtk2-engines-smooth hal-info hamster-applet libapache2-mod-dnssd
11155   libapr1 libaprutil1 libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 libaprutil1-ldap
11156   libart2.0-cil libatspi1.0-0 libboost-date-time1.42.0
11157   libboost-python1.42.0 libboost-thread1.42.0 libchamplain-0.4-0
11158   libchamplain-gtk-0.4-0 libcheese-gtk18 libclutter-gtk-0.10-0
11159   libcryptui0 libcupsys2 libdiscid0 libeel2-data libelf1 libepc-1.0-2
11160   libepc-common libepc-ui-1.0-2 libfreerdp-plugins-standard
11161   libfreerdp0 libgail-common libgconf2.0-cil libgdata-common libgdata7
11162   libgdl-1-common libgdu-gtk0 libgee2 libgeoclue0 libgexiv2-0 libgif4
11163   libglade2.0-cil libglib2.0-cil libgmime2.4-cil libgnome-vfs2.0-cil
11164   libgnome2.24-cil libgnomepanel2.24-cil libgnomeprint2.2-data
11165   libgnomeprintui2.2-common libgnomevfs2-bin libgpod-common libgpod4
11166   libgtk2.0-cil libgtkglext1 libgtksourceview-common
11167   libgtksourceview2.0-common libmono-addins-gui0.2-cil
11168   libmono-addins0.2-cil libmono-cairo2.0-cil libmono-corlib2.0-cil
11169   libmono-i18n-west2.0-cil libmono-posix2.0-cil
11170   libmono-security2.0-cil libmono-sharpzip2.84-cil
11171   libmono-system2.0-cil libmtp8 libmusicbrainz3-6
11172   libndesk-dbus-glib1.0-cil libndesk-dbus1.0-cil libopal3.6.8
11173   libpolkit-gtk-1-0 libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa
11174   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libpt2.6.7 libpython2.6 librpm1 librpmio1
11175   libsdl1.2debian libservlet2.4-java libsrtp0 libssh-4
11176   libtelepathy-farsight0 libtelepathy-glib0 libtidy-0.99-0
11177   libxalan2-java libxerces2-java media-player-info mesa-utils
11178   mono-2.0-gac mono-gac mono-runtime nautilus-sendto
11179   nautilus-sendto-empathy openoffice.org-writer2latex
11180   openssl-blacklist p7zip p7zip-full pkg-config python-4suite-xml
11181   python-aptdaemon python-aptdaemon-gtk python-axiom
11182   python-beautifulsoup python-bugbuddy python-clientform
11183   python-coherence python-configobj python-crypto python-cupshelpers
11184   python-cupsutils python-eggtrayicon python-elementtree
11185   python-epsilon python-evolution python-feedparser python-gdata
11186   python-gdbm python-gst0.10 python-gtkglext1 python-gtkmozembed
11187   python-gtksourceview2 python-httplib2 python-louie python-mako
11188   python-markupsafe python-mechanize python-nevow python-notify
11189   python-opengl python-openssl python-pam python-pkg-resources
11190   python-pyasn1 python-pysqlite2 python-rdflib python-serial
11191   python-tagpy python-twisted-bin python-twisted-conch
11192   python-twisted-core python-twisted-web python-utidylib python-webkit
11193   python-xdg python-zope.interface remmina remmina-plugin-data
11194   remmina-plugin-rdp remmina-plugin-vnc rhythmbox-plugin-cdrecorder
11195   rhythmbox-plugins rpm-common rpm2cpio seahorse-plugins shotwell
11196   software-center svgalibg1 system-config-printer-udev
11197   telepathy-gabble telepathy-mission-control-5 telepathy-salut tomboy
11198   totem totem-coherence totem-mozilla totem-plugins
11199   transmission-common xdg-user-dirs xdg-user-dirs-gtk xserver-xephyr
11200   zip
11201 </p></blockquote>
11202
11203 Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude
11204
11205 <blockquote><p>
11206   arj bluez-utils cheese dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop ekiga eog
11207   epiphany-extensions epiphany-gecko evolution-exchange
11208   fast-user-switch-applet file-roller gcalctool gconf-editor gdm gedit
11209   gedit-common gnome-app-install gnome-games gnome-games-data
11210   gnome-nettool gnome-system-tools gnome-themes gnome-utils
11211   gnome-vfs-obexftp gnome-volume-manager gnuchess gucharmap
11212   guile-1.8-libs hal libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5
11213   libavahi-ui0 libbind9-50 libbluetooth2 libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7
11214   libcucul0 libcurl3 libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdmx1 libdvdread3
11215   libedata-cal1.2-6 libedataserver1.2-9 libeel2-2.20 libepc-1.0-1
11216   libepc-ui-1.0-1 libexchange-storage1.2-3 libfaad0 libgadu3
11217   libgalago3 libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libggz2 libggzcore9
11218   libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0 libgnome-desktop-2
11219   libgnome-pilot2 libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomeprint2.2-0
11220   libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtk-vnc-1.0-0
11221   libgtkhtml2-0 libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgtksourceview2.0-0
11222   libgucharmap6 libhesiod0 libicu38 libisccc50 libisccfg50 libiw29
11223   libjaxp1.3-java-gcj libkpathsea4 liblircclient0 libltdl3 liblwres50
11224   libmagick++10 libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmozjs1d libmpfr1ldbl libmtp7
11225   libmysqlclient15off libnautilus-burn4 libneon27 libnm-glib0
11226   libnm-util0 libopal-2.2 libosp5 libparted1.8-10 libpisock9
11227   libpisync1 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3 libpt-1.10.10 libraw1394-8
11228   libsdl1.2debian-alsa libsensors3 libsexy2 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8
11229   libspeexdsp1 libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libsvga1
11230   libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1 libtotem-plparser10 libtrackerclient0
11231   libvoikko1 libxalan2-java-gcj libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12
11232   libxtrap6 libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3 mysql-common rhythmbox seahorse
11233   sound-juicer swfdec-gnome system-config-printer totem-common
11234   totem-gstreamer transmission-gtk vinagre vino w3c-dtd-xhtml wodim
11235 </p></blockquote>
11236
11237 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
11238
11239 <blockquote><p>
11240   gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
11241 </p></blockquote>
11242
11243 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
11244
11245 <blockquote><p>
11246 [nothing]
11247 </p></blockquote>
11248
11249 <p>This is for KDE:</p>
11250
11251 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
11252
11253 <blockquote><p>
11254   autopoint bomber bovo cantor cantor-backend-kalgebra cpp-4.3 dcoprss
11255   edict espeak espeak-data eyesapplet fifteenapplet finger gettext
11256   ghostscript-x git gnome-audio gnugo granatier gs-common
11257   gstreamer0.10-pulseaudio indi kaddressbook-plugins kalgebra
11258   kalzium-data kanjidic kapman kate-plugins kblocks kbreakout kbstate
11259   kde-icons-mono kdeaccessibility kdeaddons-kfile-plugins
11260   kdeadmin-kfile-plugins kdeartwork-misc kdeartwork-theme-window
11261   kdeedu kdeedu-data kdeedu-kvtml-data kdegames kdegames-card-data
11262   kdegames-mahjongg-data kdegraphics-kfile-plugins kdelirc
11263   kdemultimedia-kfile-plugins kdenetwork-kfile-plugins
11264   kdepim-kfile-plugins kdepim-kio-plugins kdessh kdetoys kdewebdev
11265   kdiamond kdnssd kfilereplace kfourinline kgeography-data kigo
11266   killbots kiriki klettres-data kmoon kmrml knewsticker-scripts
11267   kollision kpf krosspython ksirk ksmserver ksquares kstars-data
11268   ksudoku kubrick kweather libasound2-plugins libboost-python1.42.0
11269   libcfitsio3 libconvert-binhex-perl libcrypt-ssleay-perl libdb4.6++
11270   libdjvulibre-text libdotconf1.0 liberror-perl libespeak1
11271   libfinance-quote-perl libgail-common libgsl0ldbl libhtml-parser-perl
11272   libhtml-tableextract-perl libhtml-tagset-perl libhtml-tree-perl
11273   libio-stringy-perl libkdeedu4 libkdegames5 libkiten4 libkpathsea5
11274   libkrossui4 libmailtools-perl libmime-tools-perl
11275   libnews-nntpclient-perl libopenbabel3 libportaudio2 libpulse-browse0
11276   libservlet2.4-java libspeechd2 libtiff-tools libtimedate-perl
11277   libunistring0 liburi-perl libwww-perl libxalan2-java libxerces2-java
11278   lirc luatex marble networkstatus noatun-plugins
11279   openoffice.org-writer2latex palapeli palapeli-data parley
11280   parley-data poster psutils pulseaudio pulseaudio-esound-compat
11281   pulseaudio-module-x11 pulseaudio-utils quanta-data rocs rsync
11282   speech-dispatcher step svgalibg1 texlive-binaries texlive-luatex
11283   ttf-sazanami-gothic
11284 </p></blockquote>
11285
11286 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
11287
11288 <blockquote><p>
11289   amor artsbuilder atlantik atlantikdesigner blinken bluez-utils cvs
11290   dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop imlib-base imlib11 kalzium kanagram kandy
11291   kasteroids katomic kbackgammon kbattleship kblackbox kbounce kbruch
11292   kcron kdat kdemultimedia-kappfinder-data kdeprint kdict kdvi kedit
11293   keduca kenolaba kfax kfaxview kfouleggs kgeography kghostview
11294   kgoldrunner khangman khexedit kiconedit kig kimagemapeditor
11295   kitchensync kiten kjumpingcube klatin klettres klickety klines
11296   klinkstatus kmag kmahjongg kmailcvt kmenuedit kmid kmilo kmines
11297   kmousetool kmouth kmplot knetwalk kodo kolf kommander konquest kooka
11298   kpager kpat kpdf kpercentage kpilot kpoker kpovmodeler krec
11299   kregexpeditor kreversi ksame ksayit kshisen ksig ksim ksirc ksirtet
11300   ksmiletris ksnake ksokoban kspaceduel kstars ksvg ksysv kteatime
11301   ktip ktnef ktouch ktron kttsd ktuberling kturtle ktux kuickshow
11302   kverbos kview kviewshell kvoctrain kwifimanager kwin kwin4 kwordquiz
11303   kworldclock kxsldbg libakode2 libarts1-akode libarts1-audiofile
11304   libarts1-mpeglib libarts1-xine libavahi-compat-libdnssd1
11305   libavahi-core5 libavc1394-0 libbind9-50 libbluetooth2
11306   libboost-python1.34.1 libcucul0 libcurl3 libcvsservice0
11307   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdjvulibre21 libdvdread3 libfaad0 libfreebob0
11308   libgd2-noxpm libgraphviz4 libgsmme1c2a libgtkhtml2-0 libicu38
11309   libiec61883-0 libindex0 libisccc50 libisccfg50 libiw29
11310   libjaxp1.3-java-gcj libk3b3 libkcal2b libkcddb1 libkdeedu3
11311   libkdegames1 libkdepim1a libkgantt0 libkleopatra1 libkmime2
11312   libkpathsea4 libkpimexchange1 libkpimidentities1 libkscan1
11313   libksieve0 libktnef1 liblockdev1 libltdl3 liblwres50 libmagick10
11314   libmimelib1c2a libmodplug0c2 libmozjs1d libmpcdec3 libmpfr1ldbl
11315   libneon27 libnm-util0 libopensync0 libpisock9 libpoppler-glib3
11316   libpoppler-qt2 libpoppler3 libraw1394-8 librss1 libsensors3
11317   libsmbios2 libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90
11318   libtalloc1 libxalan2-java-gcj libxerces2-java-gcj libxtrap6 lskat
11319   mpeglib network-manager-kde noatun pmount tex-common texlive-base
11320   texlive-common texlive-doc-base texlive-fonts-recommended tidy
11321   ttf-dustin ttf-kochi-gothic ttf-sjfonts
11322 </p></blockquote>
11323
11324 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
11325
11326 <blockquote><p>
11327   dolphin kde-core kde-plasma-desktop kde-standard kde-window-manager
11328   kdeartwork kdebase kdebase-apps kdebase-workspace
11329   kdebase-workspace-bin kdebase-workspace-data kdeutils kscreensaver
11330   kscreensaver-xsavers libgle3 libkonq5 libkonq5-templates libnetpbm10
11331   netpbm plasma-widget-folderview plasma-widget-networkmanagement
11332   xscreensaver-data-extra xscreensaver-gl xscreensaver-gl-extra
11333   xscreensaver-screensaver-bsod
11334 </p></blockquote>
11335
11336 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
11337
11338 <blockquote><p>
11339   kdebase-bin konq-plugins konqueror
11340 </p></blockquote>
11341
11342       </div>
11343       <div class="tags">
11344
11345
11346         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
11347
11348
11349       </div>
11350     </div>
11351     <div class="padding"></div>
11352
11353     <div class="entry">
11354       <div class="title">
11355         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gnash_buildbot_slave_and_Debian_kfreebsd.html">Gnash buildbot slave and Debian kfreebsd</a>
11356       </div>
11357       <div class="date">
11358         20th November 2010
11359       </div>
11360       <div class="body">
11361         <p>Answering
11362 <a href="http://www.listware.net/201011/gnash-dev/67431-gnash-dev-buildbot-looking-for-slaves.html">the
11363 call from the Gnash project</a> for
11364 <a href="http://www.gnashdev.org:8010">buildbot</a> slaves to test the
11365 current source, I have set up a virtual KVM machine on the Debian
11366 Edu/Skolelinux virtualization host to test the git source on
11367 Debian/Squeeze.  I hope this can help the developers in getting new
11368 releases out more often.</p>
11369
11370 <p>As the developers want less main-stream build platforms tested to,
11371 I have considered setting up a <a
11372 href="http://www.debian.org/ports/kfreebsd-gnu/">Debian/kfreebsd</a>
11373 machine as well.  I have also considered using the kfreebsd
11374 architecture in Debian as a file server in NUUG to get access to the 5
11375 TB zfs volume we currently use to store DV video.  Because of this, I
11376 finally got around to do a test installation of Debian/Squeeze with
11377 kfreebsd.  Installation went fairly smooth, thought I noticed some
11378 visual glitches in the cdebconf dialogs (black cursor left on the
11379 screen at random locations).  Have not gotten very far with the
11380 testing.  Noticed cfdisk did not work, but fdisk did so it was not a
11381 fatal problem.  Have to spend some more time on it to see if it is
11382 useful as a file server for NUUG.  Will try to find time to set up a
11383 gnash buildbot slave on the Debian Edu/Skolelinux this weekend.</p>
11384
11385       </div>
11386       <div class="tags">
11387
11388
11389         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11390
11391
11392       </div>
11393     </div>
11394     <div class="padding"></div>
11395
11396     <div class="entry">
11397       <div class="title">
11398         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Making_room_on_the_Debian_Edu_Sqeeze_DVD.html">Making room on the Debian Edu/Sqeeze DVD</a>
11399       </div>
11400       <div class="date">
11401          7th November 2010
11402       </div>
11403       <div class="body">
11404         <p>Prioritising packages for the Debian Edu /
11405 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> DVD, which is
11406 supposed provide a school with all the services and user applications
11407 needed on the pupils computer network has always been hard.  Even
11408 schools without Internet connections should be able to get Debian Edu
11409 working using this DVD.</p>
11410
11411 <p>The job became a lot harder when apt and aptitude started
11412 installing recommended packages by default.  We want the same set of
11413 packages to be installed when using the DVD and the netinst CD, and
11414 that means all recommended packages need to be on the DVD.  I created
11415 a patch for debian-cd in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/601203">BTS
11416 report #601203</a> to do this, and since this change was applied to
11417 the Debian Edu DVD build, we have been seriously short on space.</p>
11418
11419 <p>A few days ago we decided to drop blender, wxmaxima and kicad from
11420 the default installation to save space on the DVD, believing that
11421 those needing these applications are few and can get them from the
11422 Debian archive.</p>
11423
11424 <p>Yesterday, I had a look what source packages to see which packages
11425 were using most space.  A few large packages are well know;
11426 openoffice.org, openclipart and fluid-soundfont.  But I also
11427 discovered that lilypond used 106 MiB and fglrx-driver used 53 MiB.
11428 The lilypond package is pulled in as a dependency for rosegarden, and
11429 when looking a bit closer I discovered that 99 MiB of the 106 MiB were
11430 the documentation package, which is recommended by the binary package.
11431 I decided to drop this documentation package from our DVD, as most of
11432 our users will use the GUI front-ends and do not need the lilypond
11433 documentation.  Similarly, I dropped the non-free fglrx-driver package
11434 which might be installed by d-i when its hardware is detected, as the
11435 free X driver should work.</p>
11436
11437 <p>With this change, we finally got space for the LXDE and Gnome
11438 desktop packages as well as the language specific packages making the
11439 DVD more useful again.</p>
11440
11441       </div>
11442       <div class="tags">
11443
11444
11445         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11446
11447
11448       </div>
11449     </div>
11450     <div class="padding"></div>
11451
11452     <div class="entry">
11453       <div class="title">
11454         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Software_updates_2010_10_24.html">Software updates 2010-10-24</a>
11455       </div>
11456       <div class="date">
11457         24th October 2010
11458       </div>
11459       <div class="body">
11460         <p>Some updates.</p>
11461
11462 <p>My <a href="http://pledgebank.com/gnash-avm2">gnash pledge</a> to
11463 raise money for the project is going well.  The lower limit of 10
11464 signers was reached in 24 hours, and so far 13 people have signed it.
11465 More signers and more funding is most welcome, and I am really curious
11466 how far we can get before the time limit of December 24 is reached.
11467 :)</p>
11468
11469 <p>On the #gnash IRC channel on irc.freenode.net, I was just tipped
11470 about what appear to be a great code coverage tool capable of
11471 generating code coverage stats without any changes to the source code.
11472 It is called
11473 <a href="http://simonkagstrom.github.com/kcov/index.html">kcov</a>,
11474 and can be used using <tt>kcov &lt;directory&gt; &lt;binary&gt;</tt>.
11475 It is missing in Debian, but the git source built just fine in Squeeze
11476 after I installed libelf-dev, libdwarf-dev, pkg-config and
11477 libglib2.0-dev.  Failed to build in Lenny, but suspect that is
11478 solvable.  I hope kcov make it into Debian soon.</p>
11479
11480 <p>Finally found time to wrap up the release notes for <a
11481 href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2010/10/msg00002.html">a
11482 new alpha release of Debian Edu</a>, and just published the second
11483 alpha test release of the Squeeze based Debian Edu /
11484 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>
11485 release.  Give it a try if you need a complete linux solution for your
11486 school, including central infrastructure server, workstations, thin
11487 client servers and diskless workstations.  A nice touch added
11488 yesterday is RDP support on the thin client servers, for windows
11489 clients to get a Linux desktop on request.</p>
11490
11491       </div>
11492       <div class="tags">
11493
11494
11495         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>.
11496
11497
11498       </div>
11499     </div>
11500     <div class="padding"></div>
11501
11502     <div class="entry">
11503       <div class="title">
11504         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Some_notes_on_Flash_in_Debian_and_Debian_Edu.html">Some notes on Flash in Debian and Debian Edu</a>
11505       </div>
11506       <div class="date">
11507          4th September 2010
11508       </div>
11509       <div class="body">
11510         <p>In the <a href="http://popcon.debian.org/unknown/by_vote">Debian
11511 popularity-contest numbers</a>, the adobe-flashplugin package the
11512 second most popular used package that is missing in Debian.  The sixth
11513 most popular is flashplayer-mozilla.  This is a clear indication that
11514 working flash is important for Debian users.  Around 10 percent of the
11515 users submitting data to popcon.debian.org have this package
11516 installed.</p>
11517
11518 <p>In the report written by Lars Risan in August 2008
11519 («<a href="http://wiki.skolelinux.no/Dokumentasjon/Rapporter?action=AttachFile&do=view&target=Skolelinux_i_bruk_rapport_1.0.pdf">Skolelinux
11520 i bruk – Rapport for Hurum kommune, Universitetet i Agder og
11521 stiftelsen SLX Debian Labs</a>»), one of the most important problems
11522 schools experienced with <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian
11523 Edu/Skolelinux</a> was the lack of working Flash.  A lot of educational
11524 web sites require Flash to work, and lacking working Flash support in
11525 the web browser and the problems with installing it was perceived as a
11526 good reason to stay with Windows.</p>
11527
11528 <p>I once saw a funny and sad comment in a web forum, where Linux was
11529 said to be the retarded cousin that did not really understand
11530 everything you told him but could work fairly well.  This was a
11531 comment regarding the problems Linux have with proprietary formats and
11532 non-standard web pages, and is sad because it exposes a fairly common
11533 understanding of whose fault it is if web pages that only work in for
11534 example Internet Explorer 6 fail to work on Firefox, and funny because
11535 it explain very well how annoying it is for users when Linux
11536 distributions do not work with the documents they receive or the web
11537 pages they want to visit.</p>
11538
11539 <p>This is part of the reason why I believe it is important for Debian
11540 and Debian Edu to have a well working Flash implementation in the
11541 distribution, to get at least popular sites as Youtube and Google
11542 Video to working out of the box.  For Squeeze, Debian have the chance
11543 to include the latest version of Gnash that will make this happen, as
11544 the new release 0.8.8 was published a few weeks ago and is resting in
11545 unstable.  The new version work with more sites that version 0.8.7.
11546 The Gnash maintainers have asked for a freeze exception, but the
11547 release team have not had time to reply to it yet.  I hope they agree
11548 with me that Flash is important for the Debian desktop users, and thus
11549 accept the new package into Squeeze.</p>
11550
11551       </div>
11552       <div class="tags">
11553
11554
11555         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
11556
11557
11558       </div>
11559     </div>
11560     <div class="padding"></div>
11561
11562     <div class="entry">
11563       <div class="title">
11564         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_hard_link_handling_with_sshfs.html">Broken hard link handling with sshfs</a>
11565       </div>
11566       <div class="date">
11567         30th August 2010
11568       </div>
11569       <div class="body">
11570         <p>Just got an email from Tobias Gruetzmacher as a followup on my
11571 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_umask_handling_with_sshfs.html">previous
11572 post about sshfs</a>.  He reported another problem with sshfs.  It
11573 fail to handle hard links properly.  A simple way to spot this is to
11574 look at the . and .. entries in the directory tree.  These should have
11575 a link count >1, but on sshfs the count is 1.  I just tested to see
11576 what happen when trying to hardlink, and this fail as well:</p>
11577
11578 <pre>
11579 % ln foo bar
11580 ln: creating hard link `bar' => `foo': Function not implemented
11581 %
11582 </pre>
11583
11584 <p>I have not yet found time to implement a test for this in my file
11585 system test code, but believe having working hard links is useful to
11586 avoid surprised unix programs.  Not as useful as working file locking
11587 and symlinks, which are required to get a working desktop, but useful
11588 nevertheless. :)</p>
11589
11590 <p>The latest version of the file system test code is available via
11591 git from
11592 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a></p>
11593
11594       </div>
11595       <div class="tags">
11596
11597
11598         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11599
11600
11601       </div>
11602     </div>
11603     <div class="padding"></div>
11604
11605     <div class="entry">
11606       <div class="title">
11607         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_i_Osloskolen.html">Skolelinux i Osloskolen</a>
11608       </div>
11609       <div class="date">
11610         26th August 2010
11611       </div>
11612       <div class="body">
11613         <p>Denne høsten skal endelig alle Osloskolene få mulighet til å bruke
11614 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>.  Ny IT-løsning
11615 har vært rullet ut i noen måneder nå, og så vidt jeg fikk vite før
11616 sommeren skulle alle skoler ha nytt opplegg på plass før oppstart nå i
11617 høst.  På alle skolene skal en kunne velge ved installasjon om en skal
11618 ha Windows eller Skolelinux på maskinene, og en kan i tillegg
11619 PXE-boote maskinene over nett som tynne klienter eller diskløse
11620 arbeidsstasjoner. Jeg er spent på hvor mange skoler som velger å ta i
11621 bruk Skolelinux, og gleder meg til å se hvordan dette utvikler seg.
11622 Løsningen leveres av
11623 <a href="http://www.logica.no/">Logica</a> med
11624 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a> som
11625 underleverandør, og jeg har vært involvert i utviklingen av løsningen
11626 via Skolelinux Drift AS siden prosjektet starter.  Jeg synes det er
11627 fantastisk at Skolelinux er kommet så langt siden vi startet i 2001 at
11628 alle elevene i Osloskolene nå skal få mulighet til å bruke
11629 løsningen.  Jeg håper de vil sette pris på alle de
11630 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.no/linux-signpost/">fantastiske
11631 brukerprogrammene</a> som er tilgjengelig i Skolelinux.</p>
11632
11633       </div>
11634       <div class="tags">
11635
11636
11637         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
11638
11639
11640       </div>
11641     </div>
11642     <div class="padding"></div>
11643
11644     <div class="entry">
11645       <div class="title">
11646         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_umask_handling_with_sshfs.html">Broken umask handling with sshfs</a>
11647       </div>
11648       <div class="date">
11649         26th August 2010
11650       </div>
11651       <div class="body">
11652         <p>My file system sematics program
11653 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Testing_if_a_file_system_can_be_used_for_home_directories___.html">presented
11654 a few days ago</a> is very useful to verify that a file system can
11655 work as a unix home directory,and today I had to extend it a bit.  I'm
11656 looking into alternatives for home directory access here at the
11657 University of Oslo, and one of the options is sshfs.  My friend
11658 Finn-Arne mentioned a while back that they had used sshfs with Debian
11659 Edu, but stopped because of problems.  I asked today what the problems
11660 where, and he mentioned that sshfs failed to handle umask properly.
11661 Trying to detect the problem I wrote this addition to my fs testing
11662 script:</p>
11663
11664 <pre>
11665 mode_t touch_get_mode(const char *name, mode_t mode) {
11666   mode_t retval = 0;
11667   int fd = open(name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_LARGEFILE, mode);
11668   if (-1 != fd) {
11669     unlink(name);
11670     struct stat statbuf;
11671     if (-1 != fstat(fd, &statbuf)) {
11672       retval = statbuf.st_mode & 0x1ff;
11673     }
11674     close(fd);
11675   }
11676   return retval;
11677 }
11678
11679 /* Try to detect problem discovered using sshfs */
11680 int test_umask(void) {
11681   printf("info: testing umask effect on file creation\n");
11682
11683   mode_t orig_umask = umask(000);
11684   mode_t newmode;
11685   if (0666 != (newmode = touch_get_mode("foobar", 0666))) {
11686     printf("  error: Wrong file mode %o when creating using mode 666 and umask 000\n",
11687            newmode);
11688   }
11689   umask(007);
11690   if (0660 != (newmode = touch_get_mode("foobar", 0666))) {
11691     printf("  error: Wrong file mode %o when creating using mode 666 and umask 007\n",
11692            newmode);
11693   }
11694
11695   umask (orig_umask);
11696   return 0;
11697 }
11698
11699 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
11700   [...]
11701   test_umask();
11702   return 0;
11703 }
11704 </pre>
11705
11706 <p>Sure enough.  On NFS to a netapp, I get this result:</p>
11707
11708 <pre>
11709 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
11710 info: testing symlink creation
11711 info: testing subdirectory creation
11712 info: testing fcntl locking
11713   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
11714   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
11715   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
11716   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
11717   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
11718   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
11719 info: testing umask effect on file creation
11720 </pre>
11721
11722 <p>When mounting the same directory using sshfs, I get this
11723 result:</p>
11724
11725 <pre>
11726 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
11727 info: testing symlink creation
11728 info: testing subdirectory creation
11729 info: testing fcntl locking
11730   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
11731   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
11732   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
11733   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
11734   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
11735   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
11736 info: testing umask effect on file creation
11737   error: Wrong file mode 644 when creating using mode 666 and umask 000
11738   error: Wrong file mode 640 when creating using mode 666 and umask 007
11739 </pre>
11740
11741 <p>So, I can conclude that sshfs is better than smb to a Netapp or a
11742 Windows server, but not good enough to be used as a home
11743 directory.</p>
11744
11745 <p>Update 2010-08-26: Reported the issue in
11746 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/594498">BTS report #594498</a></p>
11747
11748 <p>Update 2010-08-27: Michael Gebetsroither report that he found the
11749 script so useful that he created a GIT repository and stored it in
11750 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a>.</p>
11751
11752       </div>
11753       <div class="tags">
11754
11755
11756         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11757
11758
11759       </div>
11760     </div>
11761     <div class="padding"></div>
11762
11763     <div class="entry">
11764       <div class="title">
11765         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/No_hardcoded_config_on_Debian_Edu_clients.html">No hardcoded config on Debian Edu clients</a>
11766       </div>
11767       <div class="date">
11768          9th August 2010
11769       </div>
11770       <div class="body">
11771         <p>As reported earlier, the last few days I have looked at how Debian
11772 Edu clients are configured, and tried to get rid of all hardcoded
11773 configuration settings on the clients.  I believe the work to be
11774 mostly done, and the clients seem to work just fine with dynamically
11775 generated configuration.</p>
11776
11777 <p>What is the point, you might ask?  The point is to allow a Debian
11778 Edu desktop to integrate into an existing network infrastructure
11779 without any manual configuration.</p>
11780
11781 <p>This is what happens when installing a Debian Edu client here at
11782 the University of Oslo using PXE.  With the PXE installation, I am
11783 asked for language (Norwegian Bokmål), locality (Norway) and keyboard
11784 layout (no-latin1), Debian Edu profile (Roaming Workstation), if I
11785 accept to reformat the hard drive (yes), if I want to submit info to
11786 popcon.debian.org (no) and root password (secret).  After answering
11787 these questions, the installer goes ahead and does its thing, and
11788 after around 50 minutes it is done.  I press enter to finish the
11789 installation, and the machine reboots into KDE.  When the machine is
11790 ready and kdm asks for login information, I enter my university
11791 username and password, am told by kdm that a local home directory has
11792 been created and that I must log in again, and finally log in with the
11793 same username and password to the KDE 4.4 desktop.  At no point during
11794 this process did it ask for university specific settings, and all the
11795 required configuration was dynamically detected using information
11796 fetched via DHCP and DNS.  The roaming workstation is now ready for
11797 use.</p>
11798
11799 <p>How was this done, you might wonder?  First of all, here is the
11800 list of things that need to be configured on the client to get it
11801 working properly out of the box:</p>
11802
11803 <ul>
11804 <li>IP address/netmask and DNS server.</li>
11805 <li>Web proxy URL.</li>
11806 <li>LDAP server for NSS directory information (user, group, etc).</li>
11807 <li>Kerberos server for PAM password checking.</li>
11808 <li>SMB mount point to access the network home directory. (*)</li>
11809 <li>Central syslog server to send syslog messages to. (*)</li>
11810 <li>Sitesummary collector URL to submit info to central server. (*)</li>
11811 </ul>
11812
11813 <p>(Hm, did I forget anything?  Let me knew if I did.)</p>
11814
11815 <p>The points marked (*) are not required to be able to use the
11816 machine, but needed to provide central storage and allowing system
11817 administrators to track their machines.  Since yesterday, everything
11818 but the sitesummary collector URL is dynamically discovered at boot
11819 and installation time in the svn version of Debian Edu.</p>
11820
11821 <p>The IP and DNS setup is fetched during boot using DHCP as usual.
11822 When a DHCP update arrives, the proxy setup is updated by looking for
11823 http://wpat/wpad.dat and using the content of this WPAD file to
11824 configure the http and ftp proxy in /etc/environment and
11825 /etc/apt/apt.conf.  I decided to update the proxy setup using a DHCP
11826 hook to ensure that the client stops using the Debian Edu proxy when
11827 it is moved outside the Debian Edu network, and instead uses any local
11828 proxy present on the new network when it moves around.</p>
11829
11830 <p>The DNS names of the LDAP, Kerberos and syslog server and related
11831 configuration are generated using DNS information at boot.  First the
11832 installer looks for a host named ldap in the current DNS domain.  If
11833 not found, it looks for _ldap._tcp SRV records in DNS instead.  If an
11834 LDAP server is found, its root DSE entry is requested and the
11835 attributes namingContexts and defaultNamingContext are used to
11836 determine which LDAP base to use for NSS.  If there are several
11837 namingContexts attibutes and the defaultNamingContext is present, that
11838 LDAP subtree is used as the base.  If defaultNamingContext is missing,
11839 the subtrees listed as namingContexts are searched in sequence for any
11840 object with class posixAccount or posixGroup, and the first one with
11841 such an object is used as the LDAP base.  For Kerberos, a similar
11842 search is done by first looking for a host named kerberos, and then
11843 for the _kerberos._tcp SRV record.  I've been unable to find a way to
11844 look up the Kerberos realm, so for this the upper case string of the
11845 current DNS domain is used.</p>
11846
11847 <p>For the syslog server, the hosts syslog and loghost are searched
11848 for, and the _syslog._udp SRV record is consulted if no such host is
11849 found.  This algorithm works for both Debian Edu and the University of
11850 Oslo.  A similar strategy would work for locating the sitesummary
11851 server, but have not been implemented yet.  I decided to fetch and
11852 save these settings during installation, to make sure moving to a
11853 different network does not change the set of users being allowed to
11854 log in nor the passwords required to log in.  Usernames and passwords
11855 will be cached by sssd when the user logs in on the Debian Edu
11856 network, and will not change as the laptop move around.  For a
11857 non-roaming machine, there is no caching, but given that it is
11858 supposed to stay in place it should not matter much.  Perhaps we
11859 should switch those to use sssd too?</p>
11860
11861 <p>The user's SMB mount point for the network home directory is
11862 located when the user logs in for the first time.  The LDAP server is
11863 consulted to look for the user's LDAP object and the sambaHomePath
11864 attribute is used if found.  If it isn't found, the home directory
11865 path fetched from NSS is used instead.  Assuming the path is of the
11866 form /site/server/directory/username, the second part is looked up in
11867 DNS and used to generate a SMB URL of the form
11868 smb://server.domain/username.  This algorithm works for both Debian
11869 edu and the University of Oslo.  Perhaps there are better attributes
11870 to use or a better algorithm that works for more sites, but this will
11871 do for now. :)</p>
11872
11873 <p>This work should make it easier to integrate the Debian Edu clients
11874 into any LDAP/Kerberos infrastructure, and make the current setup even
11875 more flexible than before.  I suspect it will also work for thin
11876 client servers, allowing one to easily set up LTSP and hook it into a
11877 existing network infrastructure, but I have not had time to test this
11878 yet.</p>
11879
11880 <p>If you want to help out with implementing these things for Debian
11881 Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11882
11883 <p>Update 2010-08-09: Simon Farnsworth gave me a heads-up on how to
11884 detect Kerberos realm from DNS, by looking for _kerberos TXT entries
11885 before falling back to the upper case DNS domain name.  Will have to
11886 implement it for Debian Edu. :)</p>
11887
11888       </div>
11889       <div class="tags">
11890
11891
11892         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11893
11894
11895       </div>
11896     </div>
11897     <div class="padding"></div>
11898
11899     <div class="entry">
11900       <div class="title">
11901         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Testing_if_a_file_system_can_be_used_for_home_directories___.html">Testing if a file system can be used for home directories...</a>
11902       </div>
11903       <div class="date">
11904          8th August 2010
11905       </div>
11906       <div class="body">
11907         <p>A few years ago, I was involved in a project planning to use
11908 Windows file servers as home directory servers for Debian
11909 Edu/Skolelinux machines.  This was thought to be no problem, as the
11910 access would be through the SMB network file system protocol, and we
11911 knew other sites used SMB with unix and samba as the file server to
11912 mount home directories without any problems.  But, after months of
11913 struggling, we had to conclude that our goal was impossible.</p>
11914
11915 <p>The reason is simply that while SMB can be used for home
11916 directories when the file server is Samba running on Unix, this only
11917 work because of Samba have some extensions and the fact that the
11918 underlying file system is a unix file system.  When using a Windows
11919 file server, the underlying file system do not have POSIX semantics,
11920 and several programs will fail if the users home directory where they
11921 want to store their configuration lack POSIX semantics.</p>
11922
11923 <p>As part of this work, I wrote a small C program I want to share
11924 with you all, to replicate a few of the problematic applications (like
11925 OpenOffice.org and GCompris) and see if the file system was working as
11926 it should.  If you find yourself in spooky file system land, it might
11927 help you find your way out again.  This is the fs-test.c source:</p>
11928
11929 <pre>
11930 /*
11931  * Some tests to check the file system sematics.  Used to verify that
11932  * CIFS from a windows server do not work properly as a linux home
11933  * directory.
11934  * License: GPL v2 or later
11935  *
11936  * needs libsqlite3-dev and build-essential installed
11937  * compile with: gcc -Wall -lsqlite3 -DTEST_SQLITE fs-test.c -o fs-test
11938 */
11939
11940 #define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS 64
11941 #define _LARGEFILE_SOURCE 1
11942 #define _LARGEFILE64_SOURCE 1
11943
11944 #define _GNU_SOURCE /* for asprintf() */
11945
11946 #include &lt;errno.h>
11947 #include &lt;fcntl.h>
11948 #include &lt;stdio.h>
11949 #include &lt;string.h>
11950 #include &lt;stdlib.h>
11951 #include &lt;sys/file.h>
11952 #include &lt;sys/stat.h>
11953 #include &lt;sys/types.h>
11954 #include &lt;unistd.h>
11955
11956 #ifdef TEST_SQLITE
11957 /*
11958  * Test sqlite open, as done by gcompris require the libsqlite3-dev
11959  * package and linking with -lsqlite3.  A more low level test is
11960  * below.
11961  * See also &lt;URL: http://www.sqlite.org./faq.html#q5 >.
11962  */
11963 #include &lt;sqlite3.h>
11964 #define CREATE_TABLE_USERS                                              \
11965   "CREATE TABLE users (user_id INT UNIQUE, login TEXT, lastname TEXT, firstname TEXT, birthdate TEXT, class_id INT ); "
11966 int test_sqlite_open(void) {
11967   char *zErrMsg;
11968   char *name = "testsqlite.db";
11969   sqlite3 *db=NULL;
11970   unlink(name);
11971   int rc = sqlite3_open(name, &db);
11972   if( rc ){
11973     printf("error: sqlite open of %s failed: %s\n", name, sqlite3_errmsg(db));
11974     sqlite3_close(db);
11975     return -1;
11976   }
11977
11978   /* create tables */
11979   rc = sqlite3_exec(db,CREATE_TABLE_USERS, NULL,  0, &zErrMsg);
11980   if( rc != SQLITE_OK ){
11981     printf("error: sqlite table create failed: %s\n", zErrMsg);
11982     sqlite3_close(db);
11983     return -1;
11984   }
11985   printf("info: sqlite worked\n");
11986   sqlite3_close(db);
11987   return 0;
11988 }
11989 #endif /* TEST_SQLITE */
11990
11991 /*
11992  * Demonstrate locking issue found in gcompris using sqlite3.  This
11993  * work with ext3, but not with cifs server on Windows 2003.  This is
11994  * done in the sqlite3 library.
11995  * See also
11996  * &lt;URL:http://www.cygwin.com/ml/cygwin/2001-08/msg00854.html> and the
11997  * POSIX specification
11998  * &lt;URL:http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/fcntl.html>.
11999  */
12000 int test_gcompris_locking(void) {
12001   struct flock fl;
12002   char *name = "testsqlite.db";
12003   unlink(name);
12004   int fd = open(name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_LARGEFILE, 0644);
12005   printf("info: testing fcntl locking\n");
12006
12007   fl.l_whence = SEEK_SET;
12008   fl.l_pid    = getpid();
12009   printf("  Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824");
12010   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
12011   fl.l_len    = 1;
12012   fl.l_type   = F_RDLCK;
12013   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
12014
12015   printf("  Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826");
12016   fl.l_start  = 1073741826;
12017   fl.l_len    = 510;
12018   fl.l_type   = F_RDLCK;
12019   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
12020
12021   printf("  Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824");
12022   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
12023   fl.l_len    = 1;
12024   fl.l_type   = F_UNLCK;
12025   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
12026
12027   printf("  Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824");
12028   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
12029   fl.l_len    = 1;
12030   fl.l_type   = F_WRLCK;
12031   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
12032
12033   printf("  Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826");
12034   fl.l_start  = 1073741826;
12035   fl.l_len    = 510;
12036   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
12037
12038   printf("  Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824");
12039   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
12040   fl.l_len    = 2;
12041   fl.l_type   = F_UNLCK;
12042   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
12043
12044   close(fd);
12045   return 0;
12046 }
12047
12048 /*
12049  * Test if permissions of freshly created directories allow entries
12050  * below them.  This was a problem with OpenOffice.org and gcompris.
12051  * Mounting with option 'sync' seem to solve this problem while
12052  * slowing down file operations.
12053  */
12054 int test_subdirectory_creation(void) {
12055 #define LEVELS 5
12056   char *path = strdup("test");
12057   char *dirs[LEVELS];
12058   int level;
12059   printf("info: testing subdirectory creation\n");
12060   for (level = 0; level &lt; LEVELS; level++) {
12061     char *newpath = NULL;
12062     if (-1 == mkdir(path, 0777)) {
12063       printf("  error: Unable to create directory '%s': %s\n",
12064              path, strerror(errno));
12065       break;
12066     }
12067     asprintf(&newpath, "%s/%s", path, "test");
12068     free(path);
12069     path = newpath;
12070   }
12071   return 0;
12072 }
12073
12074 /*
12075  * Test if symlinks can be created.  This was a problem detected with
12076  * KDE.
12077  */
12078 int test_symlinks(void) {
12079   printf("info: testing symlink creation\n");
12080   unlink("symlink");
12081   if (-1 == symlink("file", "symlink"))
12082     printf("  error: Unable to create symlink\n");
12083   return 0;
12084 }
12085
12086 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
12087   printf("Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system\n");
12088   test_symlinks();
12089   test_subdirectory_creation();
12090 #ifdef TEST_SQLITE
12091   test_sqlite_open();
12092 #endif /* TEST_SQLITE */
12093   test_gcompris_locking();
12094   return 0;
12095 }
12096 </pre>
12097
12098 <p>When everything is working, it should print something like
12099 this:</p>
12100
12101 <pre>
12102 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
12103 info: testing symlink creation
12104 info: testing subdirectory creation
12105 info: sqlite worked
12106 info: testing fcntl locking
12107   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
12108   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
12109   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
12110   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
12111   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
12112   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
12113 </pre>
12114
12115 <p>I do not remember the exact details of the problems we saw, but one
12116 of them was with locking, where if I remember correctly, POSIX allow a
12117 read-only lock to be upgraded to a read-write lock without unlocking
12118 the read-only lock (while Windows do not).  Another was a bug in the
12119 CIFS/SMB client implementation in the Linux kernel where directory
12120 meta information would be wrong for a fraction of a second, making
12121 OpenOffice.org fail to create its deep directory tree because it was
12122 not allowed to create files in its freshly created directory.</p>
12123
12124 <p>Anyway, here is a nice tool for your tool box, might you never need
12125 it. :)</p>
12126
12127 <p>Update 2010-08-27: Michael Gebetsroither report that he found the
12128 script so useful that he created a GIT repository and stored it in
12129 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a>.</p>
12130
12131       </div>
12132       <div class="tags">
12133
12134
12135         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12136
12137
12138       </div>
12139     </div>
12140     <div class="padding"></div>
12141
12142     <div class="entry">
12143       <div class="title">
12144         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Autodetecting_Client_setup_for_roaming_workstations_in_Debian_Edu.html">Autodetecting Client setup for roaming workstations in Debian Edu</a>
12145       </div>
12146       <div class="date">
12147          7th August 2010
12148       </div>
12149       <div class="body">
12150         <p>A few days ago, I
12151 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_roaming_workstation___at_the_university_of_Oslo.html">tried
12152 to install</a> a Roaming workation profile from Debian Edu/Squeeze
12153 while on the university network here at the University of Oslo, and
12154 noticed how much had to change to get it operational using the
12155 university infrastructure.  It was fairly easy, but it occured to me
12156 that Debian Edu would improve a lot if I could get the client to
12157 connect without any changes at all, and thus let the client configure
12158 itself during installation and first boot to use the infrastructure
12159 around it.  Now I am a huge step further along that road.</p>
12160
12161 <p>With our current squeeze-test packages, I can select the roaming
12162 workstation profile and get a working laptop connecting to the
12163 university LDAP server for user and group and our active directory
12164 servers for Kerberos authentication.  All this without any
12165 configuration at all during installation.  My users home directory got
12166 a bookmark in the KDE menu to mount it via SMB, with the correct URL.
12167 In short, openldap and sssd is correctly configured.  In addition to
12168 this, the client look for http://wpad/wpad.dat to configure a web
12169 proxy, and when it fail to find it no proxy settings are stored in
12170 /etc/environment and /etc/apt/apt.conf.  Iceweasel and KDE is
12171 configured to look for the same wpad configuration and also do not use
12172 a proxy when at the university network.  If the machine is moved to a
12173 network with such wpad setup, it would automatically use it when DHCP
12174 gave it a IP address.</p>
12175
12176 <p>The LDAP server is located using DNS, by first looking for the DNS
12177 entry ldap.$domain.  If this do not exist, it look for the
12178 _ldap._tcp.$domain SRV records and use the first one as the LDAP
12179 server.  Next, it connects to the LDAP server and search all
12180 namingContexts entries for posixAccount or posixGroup objects, and
12181 pick the first one as the LDAP base.  For Kerberos, a similar
12182 algorithm is used to locate the LDAP server, and the realm is the
12183 uppercase version of $domain.</p>
12184
12185 <p>So, what is not working, you might ask.  SMB mounting my home
12186 directory do not work.  No idea why, but suspected the incorrect
12187 Kerberos settings in /etc/krb5.conf and /etc/samba/smb.conf might be
12188 the cause.  These are not properly configured during installation, and
12189 had to be hand-edited to get the correct Kerberos realm and server,
12190 but SMB mounting still do not work. :(</p>
12191
12192 <p>With this automatic configuration in place, I expect a Debian Edu
12193 roaming profile installation would be able to automatically detect and
12194 connect to any site using LDAP and Kerberos for NSS directory and PAM
12195 authentication.  It should also work out of the box in a Active
12196 Directory environment providing posixAccount and posixGroup objects
12197 with UID and GID values.</p>
12198
12199 <p>If you want to help out with implementing these things for Debian
12200 Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12201
12202       </div>
12203       <div class="tags">
12204
12205
12206         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12207
12208
12209       </div>
12210     </div>
12211     <div class="padding"></div>
12212
12213     <div class="entry">
12214       <div class="title">
12215         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_roaming_workstation___at_the_university_of_Oslo.html">Debian Edu roaming workstation - at the university of Oslo</a>
12216       </div>
12217       <div class="date">
12218          3rd August 2010
12219       </div>
12220       <div class="body">
12221         <p>The new roaming workstation profile in Debian Edu/Squeeze is fairly
12222 similar to the laptop setup am I working on using Ubuntu for the
12223 University of Oslo, and just for the heck of it, I tested today how
12224 hard it would be to integrate that profile into the university
12225 infrastructure.  In this case, it is the university LDAP server,
12226 Active Directory Kerberos server and SMB mounting from the Netapp file
12227 servers.</p>
12228
12229 <p>I was pleasantly surprised that the only three files needed to be
12230 changed (/etc/sssd/sssd.conf, /etc/ldap.conf and
12231 /etc/mklocaluser.d/20-debian-edu-config) and one file had to be added
12232 (/usr/share/perl5/Debian/Edu_Local.pm), to get the client working.
12233 Most of the changes were to get the client to use the university LDAP
12234 for NSS and Kerberos server for PAM, but one was to change a hard
12235 coded DNS domain name in the mklocaluser hook from .intern to
12236 .uio.no.</p>
12237
12238 <p>This testing was so encouraging, that I went ahead and adjusted the
12239 Debian Edu scripts and setup in subversion to centralise the roaming
12240 workstation setup a bit more and avoid the hardcoded DNS domain name,
12241 so that when I test this tomorrow, I expect to get away with modifying
12242 only /etc/sssd/sssd.conf and /etc/ldap.conf to get it to use the
12243 university servers.</p>
12244
12245 <p>My goal is to get the clients to have no hardcoded settings and
12246 fetch all their initial setup during installation and first boot, to
12247 allow them to be inserted also into environments where the default
12248 setup in Debian Edu has been changed or as with the university, where
12249 the environment is different but provides the protocols Debian Edu
12250 uses.</p>
12251
12252       </div>
12253       <div class="tags">
12254
12255
12256         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12257
12258
12259       </div>
12260     </div>
12261     <div class="padding"></div>
12262
12263     <div class="entry">
12264       <div class="title">
12265         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Debian_Edu_test_release__alpha0__based_on_Squeeze_is_released.html">First Debian Edu test release (alpha0) based on Squeeze is released</a>
12266       </div>
12267       <div class="date">
12268         27th July 2010
12269       </div>
12270       <div class="body">
12271         <p>I just posted this announcement culminating several months of work
12272 with the next Debian Edu release.  Not nearly done, but one major step
12273 completed.</p>
12274
12275 <blockquote>
12276 <p>This is the first test release based on Squeeze. The focus of this
12277 release is to test the user application selection. To have a look,
12278 install the standalone profile and let the developers know if the set
12279 of installed packages i.e. applications should be modified. If some
12280 user application is missing, or if there are some applications that no
12281 longer make sense to be included in Debian Edu, please let us know.
12282 Also, if a useful application is missing the translation for your
12283 language of choice, please let us know too.</p>
12284
12285 <p>In addition, feedback and help to polish the desktop (menus,
12286 artwork, starters, etc.) is appreciated. We would like to ship a nice
12287 and handy KDE4 desktop targeted for schools out of the box.</p>
12288
12289 <p>The other profiles should be installable, but there is a lot more
12290 work left to be done before they are ready, so do not expect to
12291 much.</p>
12292
12293 <p>Changes compared to the lenny based version</p>
12294
12295 <ul>
12296 <li>Everything from Debian Squeeze
12297 <ul>
12298   <li>Desktop environment KDE 4.4 => the new KDE desktop in
12299          combination with some new artwork
12300   <li>Web browser Iceweasel 3.5
12301   <li>OpenOffice.org 3.2
12302   <li>Educational toolbox GCompris 9.3
12303   <li>Music creator Rosegarden 10.04.2
12304   <li>Image editor Gimp 2.6.10
12305   <li>Virtual universe Celestia 1.6.0
12306   <li>Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.10.4
12307   <li>3D modeler Blender 2.49.2 (new application)
12308   <li>Video editor Kdenlive 0.7.7 (new application)
12309 </ul></li>
12310 <li>Now using Kerberos for password checking (migration not finished).
12311     Enabled for:
12312 <ul>
12313   <li>PAM
12314   <li>LDAP
12315   <li>IMAP
12316   <li>SMTP (sender verification)
12317 </ul>
12318 </li>
12319 <li>New experimental roaming workstation profile for laptops.</li>
12320 <li>Show welcome page to users when they first log in. The URL is
12321     fetched from LDAP.</li>
12322 <li>New LXDE desktop option, in addition to KDE (default) and Gnome.</li>
12323 <li>General cleanup (not finished)</li>
12324 </ul>
12325 <p>The following features are not working as they should</p>
12326
12327 <ul>
12328 <li>No web based administration tool for creating users and groups. The
12329     scripts ldap-createuser-krb and ldap-add-user-to-group can be used
12330     for testing.</li>
12331 <li>DVD installs are missing debian-installer images for the PXE boot,
12332     and do not set up the PXE menu on eth0 because of this. LTSP
12333     clients should still boot from eth1 on thin client servers.</li>
12334 <li>The restructured KDE menu is not implemented.</li>
12335 <li>The LDAP server setup need to be reviewed for security.</li>
12336 <li>The LDAP directory structure need to be reworked.</li>
12337 <li>Different sets of packages are installed when using the DVD and the
12338     netinst CD. More packages are installed using the netinst CD.</li>
12339 <li>The jackd package fail to install. This is believed to be caused by
12340     some ongoing transition, and hopefully should be solved soon. The
12341     jackd1 package can be installed manually for those that need it.</li>
12342 <li>Some packages lack translations. See
12343     http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Squeeze for updated status,
12344     and help out with translations.</li>
12345 </ul>
12346
12347 <p>To download this multiarch netinstall release you can use</p>
12348
12349 <ul>
12350 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</a></li>
12351 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</a></li>
12352 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
12353 </ul>
12354 <p>To download this multiarch dvd release you can use</p>
12355
12356 <ul>
12357 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</a></li>
12358 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</a></li>
12359 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
12360 </ul>
12361
12362 <p>There is no source DVD available yet. It will be prepared when we
12363 get closer to the final release.</p>
12364
12365 <p>The MD5SUM of these images are</p>
12366
12367 <ul>
12368 <li>3dbf45d59f42a53518b6e3c9ec3b5eb6 debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
12369 <li>22f2cbfce281d1c6e478be452638675d debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
12370 </ul>
12371
12372 <p>The SHA1SUM of these images are</p>
12373 <ul>
12374 <li>c53d1b69b40cf37cd27aefaf33f6f6a3821bedf0 debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
12375 <li>2ec29d7db676d59d32197b05c277ffe16348376c debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
12376 </ul>
12377 <p>How to report bugs:
12378 http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugsInBugzilla</p>
12379
12380 <p>Please direct replies to debian-edu@lists.debian.org</p>
12381 </blockquote>
12382
12383       </div>
12384       <div class="tags">
12385
12386
12387         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12388
12389
12390       </div>
12391     </div>
12392     <div class="padding"></div>
12393
12394     <div class="entry">
12395       <div class="title">
12396         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/One_step_closer_to_single_signon_in_Debian_Edu.html">One step closer to single signon in Debian Edu</a>
12397       </div>
12398       <div class="date">
12399         25th July 2010
12400       </div>
12401       <div class="body">
12402         <p>The last few months me and the other Debian Edu developers have
12403 been working hard to get the Debian/Squeeze based version of Debian
12404 Edu/Skolelinux into shape.  This future version will use Kerberos for
12405 authentication, and services are slowly migrated to single signon,
12406 getting rid of password questions one at the time.</p>
12407
12408 <p>It will also feature a roaming workstation profile with local home
12409 directory, for laptops that are only some times on the Skolelinux
12410 network, and for this profile a shortcut is created in Gnome and KDE
12411 to gain access to the users home directory on the file server.  This
12412 shortcut uses SMB at the moment, and yesterday I had time to test if
12413 SMB mounting had started working in KDE after we added the cifs-utils
12414 package.  I was pleasantly surprised how well it worked.</p>
12415
12416 <p>Thanks to the recent changes to our samba configuration to get it
12417 to use Kerberos for authentication, there were no question about user
12418 password when mounting the SMB volume.  A simple click on the shortcut
12419 in the KDE menu, and a window with the home directory popped
12420 up. :)</p>
12421
12422 <p>One step closer to a single signon solution out of the box in
12423 Debian Edu.  We already had PAM, LDAP, IMAP and SMTP in place, and now
12424 also Samba.  Next step is Cups and hopefully also NFS.</p>
12425
12426 <p>We had planned a alpha0 release of Debian Edu for today, but thanks
12427 to the autobuilder administrators for some architectures being slow to
12428 sign packages, we are still missing the fixed LTSP package we need for
12429 the release.  It was uploaded three days ago with urgency=high, and if
12430 it had entered testing yesterday we would have been able to test it in
12431 time for a alpha0 release today.  As the binaries for ia64 and powerpc
12432 still not uploaded to the Debian archive, we need to delay the alpha
12433 release another day.</p>
12434
12435 <p>If you want to help out with implementing Kerberos for Debian Edu,
12436 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12437
12438       </div>
12439       <div class="tags">
12440
12441
12442         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet</a>.
12443
12444
12445       </div>
12446     </div>
12447     <div class="padding"></div>
12448
12449     <div class="entry">
12450       <div class="title">
12451         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/What_are_they_searching_for___PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_in_LDAP.html">What are they searching for - PowerDNS and ISC DHCP in LDAP</a>
12452       </div>
12453       <div class="date">
12454         17th July 2010
12455       </div>
12456       <div class="body">
12457         <p>This is a
12458 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">followup</a>
12459 on my
12460 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_a_change_to_LDAP_schemas_allowing_DNS_and_DHCP_info_to_be_combined_into_one_object.html">previous
12461 work</a> on
12462 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Combining_PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_LDAP_objects.html">merging
12463 all</a> the computer related LDAP objects in Debian Edu.</p>
12464
12465 <p>As a step to try to see if it possible to merge the DNS and DHCP
12466 LDAP objects, I have had a look at how the packages pdns-backend-ldap
12467 and dhcp3-server-ldap in Debian use the LDAP server.  The two
12468 implementations are quite different in how they use LDAP.</p>
12469
12470 To get this information, I started slapd with debugging enabled and
12471 dumped the debug output to a file to get the LDAP searches performed
12472 on a Debian Edu main-server.  Here is a summary.
12473
12474 <p><strong>powerdns</strong></p>
12475
12476 <a href="http://www.linuxnetworks.de/doc/index.php/PowerDNS_LDAP_Backend">Clues
12477 on how to</a> set up PowerDNS to use a LDAP backend is available on
12478 the web.
12479
12480 <p>PowerDNS have two modes of operation using LDAP as its backend.
12481 One "strict" mode where the forward and reverse DNS lookups are done
12482 using the same LDAP objects, and a "tree" mode where the forward and
12483 reverse entries are in two different subtrees in LDAP with a structure
12484 based on the DNS names, as in tjener.intern and
12485 2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa.</p>
12486
12487 <p>In tree mode, the server is set up to use a LDAP subtree as its
12488 base, and uses a "base" scoped search for the DNS name by adding
12489 "dc=tjener,dc=intern," to the base with a filter for
12490 "(associateddomain=tjener.intern)" for the forward entry and
12491 "dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa," with a filter for
12492 "(associateddomain=2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa)" for the reverse entry.  For
12493 forward entries, it is looking for attributes named dnsttl, arecord,
12494 nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord, ptrrecord, hinforecord, mxrecord,
12495 txtrecord, rprecord, afsdbrecord, keyrecord, aaaarecord, locrecord,
12496 srvrecord, naptrrecord, kxrecord, certrecord, dsrecord, sshfprecord,
12497 ipseckeyrecord, rrsigrecord, nsecrecord, dnskeyrecord, dhcidrecord,
12498 spfrecord and modifytimestamp.  For reverse entries it is looking for
12499 the attributes dnsttl, arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord,
12500 ptrrecord, hinforecord, mxrecord, txtrecord, rprecord, aaaarecord,
12501 locrecord, srvrecord, naptrrecord and modifytimestamp.  The equivalent
12502 ldapsearch commands could look like this:</p>
12503
12504 <blockquote><pre>
12505 ldapsearch -h ldap \
12506   -b dc=tjener,dc=intern,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no \
12507   -s base -x '(associateddomain=tjener.intern)' dNSTTL aRecord nSRecord \
12508   cNAMERecord sOARecord pTRRecord hInfoRecord mXRecord tXTRecord \
12509   rPRecord aFSDBRecord KeyRecord aAAARecord lOCRecord sRVRecord \
12510   nAPTRRecord kXRecord certRecord dSRecord sSHFPRecord iPSecKeyRecord \
12511   rRSIGRecord nSECRecord dNSKeyRecord dHCIDRecord sPFRecord modifyTimestamp
12512
12513 ldapsearch -h ldap \
12514   -b dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no \
12515   -s base -x '(associateddomain=2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa)'
12516   dnsttl, arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord soarecord ptrrecord \
12517   hinforecord mxrecord txtrecord rprecord aaaarecord locrecord \
12518   srvrecord naptrrecord modifytimestamp
12519 </pre></blockquote>
12520
12521 <p>In Debian Edu/Lenny, the PowerDNS tree mode is used with
12522 ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no as the base, and these are two
12523 example LDAP objects used there.  In addition to these objects, the
12524 parent objects all th way up to ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12525 also exist.</p>
12526
12527 <blockquote><pre>
12528 dn: dc=tjener,dc=intern,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12529 objectclass: top
12530 objectclass: dnsdomain
12531 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
12532 dc: tjener
12533 arecord: 10.0.2.2
12534 associateddomain: tjener.intern
12535
12536 dn: dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12537 objectclass: top
12538 objectclass: dnsdomain2
12539 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
12540 dc: 2
12541 ptrrecord: tjener.intern
12542 associateddomain: 2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa
12543 </pre></blockquote>
12544
12545 <p>In strict mode, the server behaves differently.  When looking for
12546 forward DNS entries, it is doing a "subtree" scoped search with the
12547 same base as in the tree mode for a object with filter
12548 "(associateddomain=tjener.intern)" and requests the attributes dnsttl,
12549 arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord, ptrrecord, hinforecord,
12550 mxrecord, txtrecord, rprecord, aaaarecord, locrecord, srvrecord,
12551 naptrrecord and modifytimestamp.  For reverse entires it also do a
12552 subtree scoped search but this time the filter is "(arecord=10.0.2.2)"
12553 and the requested attributes are associateddomain, dnsttl and
12554 modifytimestamp.  In short, in strict mode the objects with ptrrecord
12555 go away, and the arecord attribute in the forward object is used
12556 instead.</p>
12557
12558 <p>The forward and reverse searches can be simulated using ldapsearch
12559 like this:</p>
12560
12561 <blockquote><pre>
12562 ldapsearch -h ldap -b ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no -s sub -x \
12563   '(associateddomain=tjener.intern)' dNSTTL aRecord nSRecord \
12564   cNAMERecord sOARecord pTRRecord hInfoRecord mXRecord tXTRecord \
12565   rPRecord aFSDBRecord KeyRecord aAAARecord lOCRecord sRVRecord \
12566   nAPTRRecord kXRecord certRecord dSRecord sSHFPRecord iPSecKeyRecord \
12567   rRSIGRecord nSECRecord dNSKeyRecord dHCIDRecord sPFRecord modifyTimestamp
12568
12569 ldapsearch -h ldap -b ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no -s sub -x \
12570   '(arecord=10.0.2.2)' associateddomain dnsttl modifytimestamp
12571 </pre></blockquote>
12572
12573 <p>In addition to the forward and reverse searches , there is also a
12574 search for SOA records, which behave similar to the forward and
12575 reverse lookups.</p>
12576
12577 <p>A thing to note with the PowerDNS behaviour is that it do not
12578 specify any objectclass names, and instead look for the attributes it
12579 need to generate a DNS reply.  This make it able to work with any
12580 objectclass that provide the needed attributes.</p>
12581
12582 <p>The attributes are normally provided in the cosine (RFC 1274) and
12583 dnsdomain2 schemas.  The latter is used for reverse entries like
12584 ptrrecord and recent DNS additions like aaaarecord and srvrecord.</p>
12585
12586 <p>In Debian Edu, we have created DNS objects using the object classes
12587 dcobject (for dc), dnsdomain or dnsdomain2 (structural, for the DNS
12588 attributes) and domainrelatedobject (for associatedDomain).  The use
12589 of structural object classes make it impossible to combine these
12590 classes with the object classes used by DHCP.</p>
12591
12592 <p>There are other schemas that could be used too, for example the
12593 dnszone structural object class used by Gosa and bind-sdb for the DNS
12594 attributes combined with the domainrelatedobject object class, but in
12595 this case some unused attributes would have to be included as well
12596 (zonename and relativedomainname).</p>
12597
12598 <p>My proposal for Debian Edu would be to switch PowerDNS to strict
12599 mode and not use any of the existing objectclasses (dnsdomain,
12600 dnsdomain2 and dnszone) when one want to combine the DNS information
12601 with DHCP information, and instead create a auxiliary object class
12602 defined something like this (using the attributes defined for
12603 dnsdomain and dnsdomain2 or dnszone):</p>
12604
12605 <blockquote><pre>
12606 objectclass ( some-oid NAME 'dnsDomainAux'
12607     SUP top
12608     AUXILIARY
12609     MAY ( ARecord $ MDRecord $ MXRecord $ NSRecord $ SOARecord $ CNAMERecord $
12610           DNSTTL $ DNSClass $ PTRRecord $ HINFORecord $ MINFORecord $
12611           TXTRecord $ SIGRecord $ KEYRecord $ AAAARecord $ LOCRecord $
12612           NXTRecord $ SRVRecord $ NAPTRRecord $ KXRecord $ CERTRecord $
12613           A6Record $ DNAMERecord
12614     ))
12615 </pre></blockquote>
12616
12617 <p>This will allow any object to become a DNS entry when combined with
12618 the domainrelatedobject object class, and allow any entity to include
12619 all the attributes PowerDNS wants.  I've sent an email to the PowerDNS
12620 developers asking for their view on this schema and if they are
12621 interested in providing such schema with PowerDNS, and I hope my
12622 message will be accepted into their mailing list soon.</p>
12623
12624 <p><strong>ISC dhcp</strong></p>
12625
12626 <p>The DHCP server searches for specific objectclass and requests all
12627 the object attributes, and then uses the attributes it want.  This
12628 make it harder to figure out exactly what attributes are used, but
12629 thanks to the working example in Debian Edu I can at least get an idea
12630 what is needed without having to read the source code.</p>
12631
12632 <p>In the DHCP server configuration, the LDAP base to use and the
12633 search filter to use to locate the correct dhcpServer entity is
12634 stored.  These are the relevant entries from
12635 /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf:</p>
12636
12637 <blockquote><pre>
12638 ldap-base-dn "dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no";
12639 ldap-dhcp-server-cn "dhcp";
12640 </pre></blockquote>
12641
12642 <p>The DHCP server uses this information to nest all the DHCP
12643 configuration it need.  The cn "dhcp" is located using the given LDAP
12644 base and the filter "(&(objectClass=dhcpServer)(cn=dhcp))".  The
12645 search result is this entry:</p>
12646
12647 <blockquote><pre>
12648 dn: cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12649 cn: dhcp
12650 objectClass: top
12651 objectClass: dhcpServer
12652 dhcpServiceDN: cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12653 </pre></blockquote>
12654
12655 <p>The content of the dhcpServiceDN attribute is next used to locate the
12656 subtree with DHCP configuration.  The DHCP configuration subtree base
12657 is located using a base scope search with base "cn=DHCP
12658 Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no" and filter
12659 "(&(objectClass=dhcpService)(|(dhcpPrimaryDN=cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no)(dhcpSecondaryDN=cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no)))".
12660 The search result is this entry:</p>
12661
12662 <blockquote><pre>
12663 dn: cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12664 cn: DHCP Config
12665 objectClass: top
12666 objectClass: dhcpService
12667 objectClass: dhcpOptions
12668 dhcpPrimaryDN: cn=dhcp, dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12669 dhcpStatements: ddns-update-style none
12670 dhcpStatements: authoritative
12671 dhcpOption: smtp-server code 69 = array of ip-address
12672 dhcpOption: www-server code 72 = array of ip-address
12673 dhcpOption: wpad-url code 252 = text
12674 </pre></blockquote>
12675
12676 <p>Next, the entire subtree is processed, one level at the time.  When
12677 all the DHCP configuration is loaded, it is ready to receive requests.
12678 The subtree in Debian Edu contain objects with object classes
12679 top/dhcpService/dhcpOptions, top/dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions,
12680 top/dhcpSubnet, top/dhcpGroup and top/dhcpHost.  These provide options
12681 and information about netmasks, dynamic range etc.  Leaving out the
12682 details here because it is not relevant for the focus of my
12683 investigation, which is to see if it is possible to merge dns and dhcp
12684 related computer objects.</p>
12685
12686 <p>When a DHCP request come in, LDAP is searched for the MAC address
12687 of the client (00:00:00:00:00:00 in this example), using a subtree
12688 scoped search with "cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no" as
12689 the base and "(&(objectClass=dhcpHost)(dhcpHWAddress=ethernet
12690 00:00:00:00:00:00))" as the filter.  This is what a host object look
12691 like:</p>
12692
12693 <blockquote><pre>
12694 dn: cn=hostname,cn=group1,cn=THINCLIENTS,cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12695 cn: hostname
12696 objectClass: top
12697 objectClass: dhcpHost
12698 dhcpHWAddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
12699 dhcpStatements: fixed-address hostname
12700 </pre></blockquote>
12701
12702 <p>There is less flexiblity in the way LDAP searches are done here.
12703 The object classes need to have fixed names, and the configuration
12704 need to be stored in a fairly specific LDAP structure.  On the
12705 positive side, the invidiual dhcpHost entires can be anywhere without
12706 the DN pointed to by the dhcpServer entries.  The latter should make
12707 it possible to group all host entries in a subtree next to the
12708 configuration entries, and this subtree can also be shared with the
12709 DNS server if the schema proposed above is combined with the dhcpHost
12710 structural object class.
12711
12712 <p><strong>Conclusion</strong></p>
12713
12714 <p>The PowerDNS implementation seem to be very flexible when it come
12715 to which LDAP schemas to use.  While its "tree" mode is rigid when it
12716 come to the the LDAP structure, the "strict" mode is very flexible,
12717 allowing DNS objects to be stored anywhere under the base cn specified
12718 in the configuration.</p>
12719
12720 <p>The DHCP implementation on the other hand is very inflexible, both
12721 regarding which LDAP schemas to use and which LDAP structure to use.
12722 I guess one could implement ones own schema, as long as the
12723 objectclasses and attributes have the names used, but this do not
12724 really help when the DHCP subtree need to have a fairly fixed
12725 structure.</p>
12726
12727 <p>Based on the observed behaviour, I suspect a LDAP structure like
12728 this might work for Debian Edu:</p>
12729
12730 <blockquote><pre>
12731 ou=services
12732   cn=machine-info (dhcpService) - dhcpServiceDN points here
12733     cn=dhcp (dhcpServer)
12734     cn=dhcp-internal (dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions)
12735       cn=10.0.2.0 (dhcpSubnet)
12736         cn=group1 (dhcpGroup/dhcpOptions)
12737     cn=dhcp-thinclients (dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions)
12738       cn=192.168.0.0 (dhcpSubnet)
12739         cn=group1 (dhcpGroup/dhcpOptions)
12740     ou=machines - PowerDNS base points here
12741       cn=hostname (dhcpHost/domainrelatedobject/dnsDomainAux)
12742 </pre></blockquote>
12743
12744 <P>This is not tested yet.  If the DHCP server require the dhcpHost
12745 entries to be in the dhcpGroup subtrees, the entries can be stored
12746 there instead of a common machines subtree, and the PowerDNS base
12747 would have to be moved one level up to the machine-info subtree.</p>
12748
12749 <p>The combined object under the machines subtree would look something
12750 like this:</p>
12751
12752 <blockquote><pre>
12753 dn: dc=hostname,ou=machines,cn=machine-info,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12754 dc: hostname
12755 objectClass: top
12756 objectClass: dhcpHost
12757 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
12758 objectclass: dnsDomainAux
12759 associateddomain: hostname.intern
12760 arecord: 10.11.12.13
12761 dhcpHWAddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
12762 dhcpStatements: fixed-address hostname.intern
12763 </pre></blockquote>
12764
12765 </p>One could even add the LTSP configuration associated with a given
12766 machine, as long as the required attributes are available in a
12767 auxiliary object class.</p>
12768
12769       </div>
12770       <div class="tags">
12771
12772
12773         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12774
12775
12776       </div>
12777     </div>
12778     <div class="padding"></div>
12779
12780     <div class="entry">
12781       <div class="title">
12782         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Combining_PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_LDAP_objects.html">Combining PowerDNS and ISC DHCP LDAP objects</a>
12783       </div>
12784       <div class="date">
12785         14th July 2010
12786       </div>
12787       <div class="body">
12788         <p>For a while now, I have wanted to find a way to change the DNS and
12789 DHCP services in Debian Edu to use the same LDAP objects for a given
12790 computer, to avoid the possibility of having a inconsistent state for
12791 a computer in LDAP (as in DHCP but no DNS entry or the other way
12792 around) and make it easier to add computers to LDAP.</p>
12793
12794 <p>I've looked at how powerdns and dhcpd is using LDAP, and using this
12795 information finally found a solution that seem to work.</p>
12796
12797 <p>The old setup required three LDAP objects for a given computer.
12798 One forward DNS entry, one reverse DNS entry and one DHCP entry.  If
12799 we switch powerdns to use its strict LDAP method (ldap-method=strict
12800 in pdns-debian-edu.conf), the forward and reverse DNS entries are
12801 merged into one while making it impossible to transfer the reverse map
12802 to a slave DNS server.</p>
12803
12804 <p>If we also replace the object class used to get the DNS related
12805 attributes to one allowing these attributes to be combined with the
12806 dhcphost object class, we can merge the DNS and DHCP entries into one.
12807 I've written such object class in the dnsdomainaux.schema file (need
12808 proper OIDs, but that is a minor issue), and tested the setup.  It
12809 seem to work.</p>
12810
12811 <p>With this test setup in place, we can get away with one LDAP object
12812 for both DNS and DHCP, and even the LTSP configuration I suggested in
12813 an earlier email.  The combined LDAP object will look something like
12814 this:</p>
12815
12816 <blockquote><pre>
12817   dn: cn=hostname,cn=group1,cn=THINCLIENTS,cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12818   cn: hostname
12819   objectClass: dhcphost
12820   objectclass: domainrelatedobject
12821   objectclass: dnsdomainaux
12822   associateddomain: hostname.intern
12823   arecord: 10.11.12.13
12824   dhcphwaddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
12825   dhcpstatements: fixed-address hostname
12826   ldapconfigsound: Y
12827 </pre></blockquote>
12828
12829 <p>The DNS server uses the associateddomain and arecord entries, while
12830 the DHCP server uses the dhcphwaddress and dhcpstatements entries
12831 before asking DNS to resolve the fixed-adddress.  LTSP will use
12832 dhcphwaddress or associateddomain and the ldapconfig* attributes.</p>
12833
12834 <p>I am not yet sure if I can get the DHCP server to look for its
12835 dhcphost in a different location, to allow us to put the objects
12836 outside the "DHCP Config" subtree, but hope to figure out a way to do
12837 that.  If I can't figure out a way to do that, we can still get rid of
12838 the hosts subtree and move all its content into the DHCP Config tree
12839 (which probably should be renamed to be more related to the new
12840 content.  I suspect cn=dnsdhcp,ou=services or something like that
12841 might be a good place to put it.</p>
12842
12843 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
12844 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12845
12846       </div>
12847       <div class="tags">
12848
12849
12850         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12851
12852
12853       </div>
12854     </div>
12855     <div class="padding"></div>
12856
12857     <div class="entry">
12858       <div class="title">
12859         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_storing_LTSP_configuration_in_LDAP.html">Idea for storing LTSP configuration in LDAP</a>
12860       </div>
12861       <div class="date">
12862         11th July 2010
12863       </div>
12864       <div class="body">
12865         <p>Vagrant mentioned on IRC today that ltsp_config now support
12866 sourcing files from /usr/share/ltsp/ltsp_config.d/ on the thin
12867 clients, and that this can be used to fetch configuration from LDAP if
12868 Debian Edu choose to store configuration there.</p>
12869
12870 <p>Armed with this information, I got inspired and wrote a test module
12871 to get configuration from LDAP.  The idea is to look up the MAC
12872 address of the client in LDAP, and look for attributes on the form
12873 ltspconfigsetting=value, and use this to export SETTING=value to the
12874 LTSP clients.</p>
12875
12876 <p>The goal is to be able to store the LTSP configuration attributes
12877 in a "computer" LDAP object used by both DNS and DHCP, and thus
12878 allowing us to store all information about a computer in one place.</p>
12879
12880 <p>This is a untested draft implementation, and I welcome feedback on
12881 this approach.  A real LDAP schema for the ltspClientAux objectclass
12882 need to be written.  Comments, suggestions, etc?</p>
12883
12884 <blockquote><pre>
12885 # Store in /opt/ltsp/$arch/usr/share/ltsp/ltsp_config.d/ldap-config
12886 #
12887 # Fetch LTSP client settings from LDAP based on MAC address
12888 #
12889 # Uses ethernet address as stored in the dhcpHost objectclass using
12890 # the dhcpHWAddress attribute or ethernet address stored in the
12891 # ieee802Device objectclass with the macAddress attribute.
12892 #
12893 # This module is written to be schema agnostic, and only depend on the
12894 # existence of attribute names.
12895 #
12896 # The LTSP configuration variables are saved directly using a
12897 # ltspConfig prefix and uppercasing the rest of the attribute name.
12898 # To set the SERVER variable, set the ltspConfigServer attribute.
12899 #
12900 # Some LDAP schema should be created with all the relevant
12901 # configuration settings.  Something like this should work:
12902 #
12903 # objectclass ( 1.1.2.2 NAME 'ltspClientAux'
12904 #     SUP top
12905 #     AUXILIARY
12906 #     MAY ( ltspConfigServer $ ltsConfigSound $ ... )
12907
12908 LDAPSERVER=$(debian-edu-ldapserver)
12909 if [ "$LDAPSERVER" ] ; then
12910     LDAPBASE=$(debian-edu-ldapserver -b)
12911     for MAC in $(LANG=C ifconfig |grep -i hwaddr| awk '{print $5}'|sort -u) ; do
12912         filter="(|(dhcpHWAddress=ethernet $MAC)(macAddress=$MAC))"
12913         ldapsearch -h "$LDAPSERVER" -b "$LDAPBASE" -v -x "$filter" | \
12914             grep '^ltspConfig' | while read attr value ; do
12915             # Remove prefix and convert to upper case
12916             attr=$(echo $attr | sed 's/^ltspConfig//i' | tr a-z A-Z)
12917             # bass value on to clients
12918             eval "$attr=$value; export $attr"
12919         done
12920     done
12921 fi
12922 </pre></blockquote>
12923
12924 <p>I'm not sure this shell construction will work, because I suspect
12925 the while block might end up in a subshell causing the variables set
12926 there to not show up in ltsp-config, but if that is the case I am sure
12927 the code can be restructured to make sure the variables are passed on.
12928 I expect that can be solved with some testing. :)</p>
12929
12930 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
12931 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12932
12933 <p>Update 2010-07-17: I am aware of another effort to store LTSP
12934 configuration in LDAP that was created around year 2000 by
12935 <a href="http://www.pcxperience.com/thinclient/documentation/ldap.html">PC
12936 Xperience, Inc., 2000</a>.  I found its
12937 <a href="http://people.redhat.com/alikins/ltsp/ldap/">files</a> on a
12938 personal home page over at redhat.com.</p>
12939
12940       </div>
12941       <div class="tags">
12942
12943
12944         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12945
12946
12947       </div>
12948     </div>
12949     <div class="padding"></div>
12950
12951     <div class="entry">
12952       <div class="title">
12953         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/jXplorer__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">jXplorer, a very nice LDAP GUI</a>
12954       </div>
12955       <div class="date">
12956          9th July 2010
12957       </div>
12958       <div class="body">
12959         <p>Since
12960 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/LUMA__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">my
12961 last post</a> about available LDAP tools in Debian, I was told about a
12962 LDAP GUI that is even better than luma.  The java application
12963 <a href="http://jxplorer.org/">jXplorer</a> is claimed to be capable of
12964 moving LDAP objects and subtrees using drag-and-drop, and can
12965 authenticate using Kerberos.  I have only tested the Kerberos
12966 authentication, but do not have a LDAP setup allowing me to rewrite
12967 LDAP with my test user yet.  It is
12968 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/j/jxplorer.html">available in
12969 Debian</a> testing and unstable at the moment.  The only problem I
12970 have with it is how it handle errors.  If something go wrong, its
12971 non-intuitive behaviour require me to go through some query work list
12972 and remove the failing query.  Nothing big, but very annoying.</p>
12973
12974       </div>
12975       <div class="tags">
12976
12977
12978         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12979
12980
12981       </div>
12982     </div>
12983     <div class="padding"></div>
12984
12985     <div class="entry">
12986       <div class="title">
12987         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__apt_vs_aptitude_with_the_Gnome_desktop.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, apt vs aptitude with the Gnome desktop</a>
12988       </div>
12989       <div class="date">
12990          3rd July 2010
12991       </div>
12992       <div class="body">
12993         <p>Here is a short update on my <a
12994 href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">my
12995 Debian Lenny->Squeeze upgrade testing</a>.  Here is a summary of the
12996 difference for Gnome when it is upgraded by apt-get and aptitude.  I'm
12997 not reporting the status for KDE, because the upgrade crashes when
12998 aptitude try because of missing conflicts
12999 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584861">#584861</a> and
13000 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/585716">#585716</a>).</p>
13001
13002 <p>At the end of the upgrade test script, dpkg -l is executed to get a
13003 complete list of the installed packages.  Based on this I see these
13004 differences when I did a test run today.  As usual, I do not really
13005 know what the correct set of packages would be, but thought it best to
13006 publish the difference.</p>
13007
13008 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
13009
13010 <blockquote><p>
13011   at-spi cpp-4.3 finger gnome-spell gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
13012   libatspi1.0-0 libcupsys2 libeel2-data libgail-common libgdl-1-common
13013   libgnomeprint2.2-data libgnomeprintui2.2-common libgnomevfs2-bin
13014   libgtksourceview-common libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa
13015   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libservlet2.4-java libxalan2-java
13016   libxerces2-java openoffice.org-writer2latex openssl-blacklist p7zip
13017   python-4suite-xml python-eggtrayicon python-gtkhtml2
13018   python-gtkmozembed svgalibg1 xserver-xephyr zip
13019 </p></blockquote>
13020
13021 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
13022
13023 <blockquote><p>
13024   bluez-utils dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop epiphany-gecko
13025   gnome-app-install gnome-mount gnome-vfs-obexftp gnome-volume-manager
13026   libao2 libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5 libbind9-50
13027   libbluetooth2 libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7 libcucul0 libcurl3
13028   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdvdread3 libedata-cal1.2-6 libedataserver1.2-9
13029   libeel2-2.20 libepc-1.0-1 libepc-ui-1.0-1 libexchange-storage1.2-3
13030   libfaad0 libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libggz2 libggzcore9
13031   libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0 libgnome-desktop-2
13032   libgnome-pilot2 libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomeprint2.2-0
13033   libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtkhtml2-0
13034   libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgucharmap6 libhesiod0 libicu38 libisccc50
13035   libisccfg50 libiw29 libkpathsea4 libltdl3 liblwres50 libmagick++10
13036   libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmtp7 libmysqlclient15off libnautilus-burn4
13037   libneon27 libnm-glib0 libnm-util0 libopal-2.2 libosp5
13038   libparted1.8-10 libpisock9 libpisync1 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3
13039   libpt-1.10.10 libraw1394-8 libsensors3 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8
13040   libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1
13041   libtotem-plparser10 libtrackerclient0 libvoikko1 libxalan2-java-gcj
13042   libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12 libxtrap6 libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3
13043   mysql-common swfdec-gnome totem-gstreamer wodim
13044 </p></blockquote>
13045
13046 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
13047
13048 <blockquote><p>
13049   gnome gnome-desktop-environment hamster-applet python-gnomeapplet
13050   python-gnomekeyring python-wnck rhythmbox-plugins xorg
13051   xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
13052   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
13053   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-video-all
13054   xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark xserver-xorg-video-ati
13055   xserver-xorg-video-chips xserver-xorg-video-cirrus
13056   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
13057   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
13058   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-mach64
13059   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
13060   xserver-xorg-video-nouveau xserver-xorg-video-nv
13061   xserver-xorg-video-r128 xserver-xorg-video-radeon
13062   xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd xserver-xorg-video-rendition
13063   xserver-xorg-video-s3 xserver-xorg-video-s3virge
13064   xserver-xorg-video-savage xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion
13065   xserver-xorg-video-sis xserver-xorg-video-sisusb
13066   xserver-xorg-video-tdfx xserver-xorg-video-tga
13067   xserver-xorg-video-trident xserver-xorg-video-tseng
13068   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vmware
13069   xserver-xorg-video-voodoo
13070 </p></blockquote>
13071
13072 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
13073
13074 <blockquote><p>
13075   deskbar-applet xserver-xorg xserver-xorg-core
13076   xserver-xorg-input-wacom xserver-xorg-video-intel
13077   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome
13078 </p></blockquote>
13079
13080 <p>I was told on IRC that the xorg-xserver package was
13081 <a href="http://git.debian.org/?p=pkg-xorg/xserver/xorg-server.git;a=commit;h=9c8080d06c457932d3bfec021c69ac000aa60120">changed
13082 in git</a> today to try to get apt-get to not remove xorg completely.
13083 No idea when it hits Squeeze, but when it does I hope it will reduce
13084 the difference somewhat.
13085
13086       </div>
13087       <div class="tags">
13088
13089
13090         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13091
13092
13093       </div>
13094     </div>
13095     <div class="padding"></div>
13096
13097     <div class="entry">
13098       <div class="title">
13099         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Caching_password__user_and_group_on_a_roaming_Debian_laptop.html">Caching password, user and group on a roaming Debian laptop</a>
13100       </div>
13101       <div class="date">
13102          1st July 2010
13103       </div>
13104       <div class="body">
13105         <p>For a laptop, centralized user directories and password checking is
13106 a bit troubling.  Laptops are typically used also when not connected
13107 to the network, and it is vital for a user to be able to log in or
13108 unlock the screen saver also when a central server is unavailable.
13109 This is possible by caching passwords and directory information (user
13110 and group attributes) locally, and the packages to do so are available
13111 in Debian.  Here follow two recipes to set this up in Debian/Squeeze.
13112 It is also possible to set up in Debian/Lenny, but require more manual
13113 setup there because pam-auth-update is missing in Lenny.</p>
13114
13115 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + nscd + libpam-ccreds + libpam-mklocaluser/pam_mkhomedir</h2>
13116
13117 This is the traditional method with a twist.  The password caching is
13118 provided by libpam-ccreds (version 10-4 or later is needed on
13119 Squeeze), and the directory caching is done by nscd.  The directory
13120 lookup and password checking is done using LDAP.  If one want to use
13121 Kerberos for password checking the libpam-ldapd package can be
13122 replaced with libpam-krb5 or libpam-heimdal.  If one is happy having a
13123 local home directory with the path listed in LDAP, one can use the
13124 pam_mkhomedir module from pam-modules to make this happen instead of
13125 using libpam-mklocaluser.  A setup for pam-auth-update to enable
13126 pam_mkhomedir will have to be written until a fix for
13127 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/568577">bug #568577</a> is in the
13128 archive.  Because I believe it is a bad idea to have local home
13129 directories using misleading paths like /site/server/partition/, I
13130 prefer to create a local user with the home directory in /home/.  This
13131 is done using the libpam-mklocaluser package.</p>
13132
13133 <p>These packages need to be installed and configured</p>
13134
13135 <blockquote><pre>
13136 libnss-ldapd libpam-ldapd nscd libpam-ccreds libpam-mklocaluser
13137 </pre></blockquote>
13138
13139 <p>The ldapd packages will ask for LDAP connection information, and
13140 one have to fill in the values that fits ones own site.  Make sure the
13141 PAM part uses encrypted connections, to make sure the password is not
13142 sent in clear text to the LDAP server.  I've been unable to get TLS
13143 certificate checking for a self signed certificate working, which make
13144 LDAP authentication unsafe for Debian Edu (nslcd is not checking if it
13145 is talking to the correct LDAP server), and very much welcome feedback
13146 on how to get this working.</p>
13147
13148 <p>Because nscd do not have a default configuration fit for offline
13149 caching until <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/485282">bug #485282</a>
13150 is fixed, this configuration should be used instead of the one
13151 currently in /etc/nscd.conf.  The changes are in the fields
13152 reload-count and positive-time-to-live, and is based on the
13153 instructions I found in the
13154 <a href="http://www.flyn.org/laptopldap/">LDAP for Mobile Laptops</a>
13155 instructions by Flyn Computing.</p>
13156
13157 <blockquote><pre>
13158         debug-level             0
13159         reload-count            unlimited
13160         paranoia                no
13161
13162         enable-cache            passwd          yes
13163         positive-time-to-live   passwd          2592000
13164         negative-time-to-live   passwd          20
13165         suggested-size          passwd          211
13166         check-files             passwd          yes
13167         persistent              passwd          yes
13168         shared                  passwd          yes
13169         max-db-size             passwd          33554432
13170         auto-propagate          passwd          yes
13171
13172         enable-cache            group           yes
13173         positive-time-to-live   group           2592000
13174         negative-time-to-live   group           20
13175         suggested-size          group           211
13176         check-files             group           yes
13177         persistent              group           yes
13178         shared                  group           yes
13179         max-db-size             group           33554432
13180         auto-propagate          group           yes
13181
13182         enable-cache            hosts           no
13183         positive-time-to-live   hosts           2592000
13184         negative-time-to-live   hosts           20
13185         suggested-size          hosts           211
13186         check-files             hosts           yes
13187         persistent              hosts           yes
13188         shared                  hosts           yes
13189         max-db-size             hosts           33554432
13190
13191         enable-cache            services        yes
13192         positive-time-to-live   services        2592000
13193         negative-time-to-live   services        20
13194         suggested-size          services        211
13195         check-files             services        yes
13196         persistent              services        yes
13197         shared                  services        yes
13198         max-db-size             services        33554432
13199 </pre></blockquote>
13200
13201 <p>While we wait for a mechanism to update /etc/nsswitch.conf
13202 automatically like the one provided in
13203 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/496915">bug #496915</a>, the file
13204 content need to be manually replaced to ensure LDAP is used as the
13205 directory service on the machine.  /etc/nsswitch.conf should normally
13206 look like this:</p>
13207
13208 <blockquote><pre>
13209 passwd:         files ldap
13210 group:          files ldap
13211 shadow:         files ldap
13212 hosts:          files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns mdns4
13213 networks:       files
13214 protocols:      files
13215 services:       files
13216 ethers:         files
13217 rpc:            files
13218 netgroup:       files ldap
13219 </pre></blockquote>
13220
13221 <p>The important parts are that ldap is listed last for passwd, group,
13222 shadow and netgroup.</p>
13223
13224 <p>With these changes in place, any user in LDAP will be able to log
13225 in locally on the machine using for example kdm, get a local home
13226 directory created and have the password as well as user and group
13227 attributes cached.
13228
13229 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + nss-updatedb + libpam-ccreds +
13230   libpam-mklocaluser/pam_mkhomedir</h2>
13231
13232 <p>Because nscd have had its share of problems, and seem to have
13233 problems doing proper caching, I've seen suggestions and recipes to
13234 use nss-updatedb to copy parts of the LDAP database locally when the
13235 LDAP database is available.  I have not tested such setup, because I
13236 discovered sssd.</p>
13237
13238 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + sssd + libpam-mklocaluser</h2>
13239
13240 <p>A more flexible and robust setup than the nscd combination
13241 mentioned earlier that has shown up recently, is the
13242 <a href="https://fedorahosted.org/sssd/">sssd</a> package from Redhat.
13243 It is part of the <a href="http://www.freeipa.org/">FreeIPA</A> project
13244 to provide a Active Directory like directory service for Linux
13245 machines.  The sssd system combines the caching of passwords and user
13246 information into one package, and remove the need for nscd and
13247 libpam-ccreds.  It support LDAP and Kerberos, but not NIS.  Version
13248 1.2 do not support netgroups, but it is said that it will support this
13249 in version 1.5 expected to show up later in 2010.  Because the
13250 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/sssd.html">sssd package</a>
13251 was missing in Debian, I ended up co-maintaining it with Werner, and
13252 version 1.2 is now in testing.
13253
13254 <p>These packages need to be installed and configured to get the
13255 roaming setup I want</p>
13256
13257 <blockquote><pre>
13258 libpam-sss libnss-sss libpam-mklocaluser
13259 </pre></blockquote>
13260
13261 The complete setup of sssd is done by editing/creating
13262 <tt>/etc/sssd/sssd.conf</tt>.
13263
13264 <blockquote><pre>
13265 [sssd]
13266 config_file_version = 2
13267 reconnection_retries = 3
13268 sbus_timeout = 30
13269 services = nss, pam
13270 domains = INTERN
13271
13272 [nss]
13273 filter_groups = root
13274 filter_users = root
13275 reconnection_retries = 3
13276
13277 [pam]
13278 reconnection_retries = 3
13279
13280 [domain/INTERN]
13281 enumerate = false
13282 cache_credentials = true
13283
13284 id_provider = ldap
13285 auth_provider = ldap
13286 chpass_provider = ldap
13287
13288 ldap_uri = ldap://ldap
13289 ldap_search_base = dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
13290 ldap_tls_reqcert = never
13291 ldap_tls_cacert = /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt
13292 </pre></blockquote>
13293
13294 <p>I got the same problem here with certificate checking.  Had to set
13295 "ldap_tls_reqcert = never" to get it working.</p>
13296
13297 <p>With the libnss-sss package in testing at the moment, the
13298 nsswitch.conf file is update automatically, so there is no need to
13299 modify it manually.</p>
13300
13301 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
13302 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
13303
13304       </div>
13305       <div class="tags">
13306
13307
13308         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13309
13310
13311       </div>
13312     </div>
13313     <div class="padding"></div>
13314
13315     <div class="entry">
13316       <div class="title">
13317         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/LUMA__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">LUMA, a very nice LDAP GUI</a>
13318       </div>
13319       <div class="date">
13320         28th June 2010
13321       </div>
13322       <div class="body">
13323         <p>The last few days I have been looking into the status of the LDAP
13324 directory in Debian Edu, and in the process I started to miss a GUI
13325 tool to browse the LDAP tree.  The only one I was able to find in
13326 Debian/Squeeze and Lenny is
13327 <a href="http://luma.sourceforge.net/">LUMA</a>, which has proved to
13328 be a great tool to get a overview of the current LDAP directory
13329 populated by default in Skolelinux.  Thanks to it, I have been able to
13330 find empty and obsolete subtrees, misplaced objects and duplicate
13331 objects.  It will be installed by default in Debian/Squeeze.  If you
13332 are working with LDAP, give it a go. :)</p>
13333
13334 <p>I did notice one problem with it I have not had time to report to
13335 the BTS yet.  There is no .desktop file in the package, so the tool do
13336 not show up in the Gnome and KDE menus, but only deep down in in the
13337 Debian submenu in KDE.  I hope that can be fixed before Squeeze is
13338 released.</p>
13339
13340 <p>I have not yet been able to get it to modify the tree yet.  I would
13341 like to move objects and remove subtrees directly in the GUI, but have
13342 not found a way to do that with LUMA yet.  So in the mean time, I use
13343 <a href="http://www.lichteblau.com/ldapvi/">ldapvi</a> for that.</p>
13344
13345 <p>If you have tips on other GUI tools for LDAP that might be useful
13346 in Debian Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
13347
13348 <p>Update 2010-06-29: Ross Reedstrom tipped us about the
13349 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/g/gq.html">gq</a> package as a
13350 useful GUI alternative.  It seem like a good tool, but is unmaintained
13351 in Debian and got a RC bug keeping it out of Squeeze.  Unless that
13352 changes, it will not be an option for Debian Edu based on Squeeze.</p>
13353
13354       </div>
13355       <div class="tags">
13356
13357
13358         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13359
13360
13361       </div>
13362     </div>
13363     <div class="padding"></div>
13364
13365     <div class="entry">
13366       <div class="title">
13367         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_a_change_to_LDAP_schemas_allowing_DNS_and_DHCP_info_to_be_combined_into_one_object.html">Idea for a change to LDAP schemas allowing DNS and DHCP info to be combined into one object</a>
13368       </div>
13369       <div class="date">
13370         24th June 2010
13371       </div>
13372       <div class="body">
13373         <p>A while back, I
13374 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">complained
13375 about the fact</a> that it is not possible with the provided schemas
13376 for storing DNS and DHCP information in LDAP to combine the two sets
13377 of information into one LDAP object representing a computer.</p>
13378
13379 <p>In the mean time, I discovered that a simple fix would be to make
13380 the dhcpHost object class auxiliary, to allow it to be combined with
13381 the dNSDomain object class, and thus forming one object for one
13382 computer when storing both DHCP and DNS information in LDAP.</p>
13383
13384 <p>If I understand this correctly, it is not safe to do this change
13385 without also changing the assigned number for the object class, and I
13386 do not know enough about LDAP schema design to do that properly for
13387 Debian Edu.</p>
13388
13389 <p>Anyway, for future reference, this is how I believe we could change
13390 the
13391 <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-dhc-ldap-schema-00">DHCP
13392 schema</a> to solve at least part of the problem with the LDAP schemas
13393 available today from IETF.</p>
13394
13395 <pre>
13396 --- dhcp.schema    (revision 65192)
13397 +++ dhcp.schema    (working copy)
13398 @@ -376,7 +376,7 @@
13399  objectclass ( 2.16.840.1.113719.1.203.6.6
13400         NAME 'dhcpHost'
13401         DESC 'This represents information about a particular client'
13402 -       SUP top
13403 +       SUP top AUXILIARY
13404         MUST cn
13405         MAY  (dhcpLeaseDN $ dhcpHWAddress $ dhcpOptionsDN $ dhcpStatements $ dhcpComments $ dhcpOption)
13406         X-NDS_CONTAINMENT ('dhcpService' 'dhcpSubnet' 'dhcpGroup') )
13407 </pre>
13408
13409 <p>I very much welcome clues on how to do this properly for Debian
13410 Edu/Squeeze.  We provide the DHCP schema in our debian-edu-config
13411 package, and should thus be free to rewrite it as we see fit.</p>
13412
13413 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
13414 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
13415
13416       </div>
13417       <div class="tags">
13418
13419
13420         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13421
13422
13423       </div>
13424     </div>
13425     <div class="padding"></div>
13426
13427     <div class="entry">
13428       <div class="title">
13429         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__removals_by_apt_and_aptitude.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, removals by apt and aptitude</a>
13430       </div>
13431       <div class="date">
13432         13th June 2010
13433       </div>
13434       <div class="body">
13435         <p>My
13436 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_upgrade_testing_from_Lenny_to_Squeeze.html">testing
13437 of Debian upgrades</a> from Lenny to Squeeze continues, and I've
13438 finally made the upgrade logs available from
13439 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/debian-upgrade-testing/</a>.
13440 I am now testing dist-upgrade of Gnome and KDE in a chroot using both
13441 apt and aptitude, and found their differences interesting.  This time
13442 I will only focus on their removal plans.</p>
13443
13444 <p>After installing a Gnome desktop and the laptop task, apt-get wants
13445 to remove 72 packages when dist-upgrading from Lenny to Squeeze.  The
13446 surprising part is that it want to remove xorg and all
13447 xserver-xorg-video* drivers.  Clearly not a good choice, but I am not
13448 sure why.  When asking aptitude to do the same, it want to remove 129
13449 packages, but most of them are library packages I suspect are no
13450 longer needed.  Both of them want to remove bluetooth packages, which
13451 I do not know.  Perhaps these bluetooth packages are obsolete?</p>
13452
13453 <p>For KDE, apt-get want to remove 82 packages, among them kdebase
13454 which seem like a bad idea and xorg the same way as with Gnome. Asking
13455 aptitude for the same, it wants to remove 192 packages, none which are
13456 too surprising.</p>
13457
13458 <p>I guess the removal of xorg during upgrades should be investigated
13459 and avoided, and perhaps others as well.  Here are the complete list
13460 of planned removals.  The complete logs is available from the URL
13461 above.  Note if you want to repeat these tests, that the upgrade test
13462 for kde+apt-get hung in the tasksel setup because of dpkg asking
13463 conffile questions.  No idea why.  I worked around it by using
13464 '<tt>echo >> /proc/<em>pidofdpkg</em>/fd/0</tt>' to tell dpkg to
13465 continue.</p>
13466
13467 <p><b>apt-get gnome 72</b>
13468 <br>bluez-gnome cupsddk-drivers deskbar-applet gnome
13469   gnome-desktop-environment gnome-network-admin gtkhtml3.14
13470   iceweasel-gnome-support libavcodec51 libdatrie0 libgdl-1-0
13471   libgnomekbd2 libgnomekbdui2 libmetacity0 libslab0 libxcb-xlib0
13472   nautilus-cd-burner python-gnome2-desktop python-gnome2-extras
13473   serpentine swfdec-mozilla update-manager xorg xserver-xorg
13474   xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
13475   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
13476   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-input-wacom
13477   xserver-xorg-video-all xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark
13478   xserver-xorg-video-ati xserver-xorg-video-chips
13479   xserver-xorg-video-cirrus xserver-xorg-video-cyrix
13480   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
13481   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
13482   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-imstt
13483   xserver-xorg-video-intel xserver-xorg-video-mach64
13484   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
13485   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-nv
13486   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome xserver-xorg-video-r128
13487   xserver-xorg-video-radeon xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd
13488   xserver-xorg-video-rendition xserver-xorg-video-s3
13489   xserver-xorg-video-s3virge xserver-xorg-video-savage
13490   xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion xserver-xorg-video-sis
13491   xserver-xorg-video-sisusb xserver-xorg-video-tdfx
13492   xserver-xorg-video-tga xserver-xorg-video-trident
13493   xserver-xorg-video-tseng xserver-xorg-video-v4l
13494   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vga
13495   xserver-xorg-video-vmware xserver-xorg-video-voodoo xulrunner-1.9
13496   xulrunner-1.9-gnome-support</p>
13497
13498 <p><b>aptitude gnome 129</b>
13499
13500 <br>bluez-gnome bluez-utils cpp-4.3 cupsddk-drivers dhcdbd
13501   djvulibre-desktop finger gnome-app-install gnome-mount
13502   gnome-network-admin gnome-spell gnome-vfs-obexftp
13503   gnome-volume-manager gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs gtkhtml3.14 libao2
13504   libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5 libavcodec51 libbluetooth2
13505   libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7 libcucul0 libcupsys2 libcurl3 libdatrie0
13506   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdvdread3 libedataserver1.2-9 libeel2-2.20
13507   libeel2-data libepc-1.0-1 libepc-ui-1.0-1 libfaad0 libgail-common
13508   libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libgdl-1-0 libgdl-1-common
13509   libggz2 libggzcore9 libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0
13510   libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomekbd2 libgnomekbdui2 libgnomeprint2.2-0
13511   libgnomeprint2.2-data libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgnomeprintui2.2-common
13512   libgnomevfs2-bin libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtkhtml2-0
13513   libgtksourceview-common libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgucharmap6
13514   libhesiod0 libicu38 libiw29 libkpathsea4 libltdl3 libmagick++10
13515   libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmetacity0 libmtp7 libmysqlclient15off
13516   libnautilus-burn4 libneon27 libnm-glib0 libnm-util0 libopal-2.2
13517   libosp5 libparted1.8-10 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3 libpt-1.10.10
13518   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libraw1394-8
13519   libsensors3 libslab0 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8 libssh2-1
13520   libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1 libtotem-plparser10
13521   libtrackerclient0 libxalan2-java libxalan2-java-gcj libxcb-xlib0
13522   libxerces2-java libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12 libxtrap6
13523   libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3 mysql-common nautilus-cd-burner
13524   openoffice.org-writer2latex openssl-blacklist p7zip
13525   python-4suite-xml python-eggtrayicon python-gnome2-desktop
13526   python-gnome2-extras python-gtkhtml2 python-gtkmozembed
13527   python-numeric python-sexy serpentine svgalibg1 swfdec-gnome
13528   swfdec-mozilla totem-gstreamer update-manager wodim
13529   xserver-xorg-video-cyrix xserver-xorg-video-imstt
13530   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-v4l xserver-xorg-video-vga
13531   zip</p>
13532
13533 <p><b>apt-get kde 82</b>
13534
13535 <br>cupsddk-drivers karm kaudiocreator kcoloredit kcontrol kde kde-core
13536   kdeaddons kdeartwork kdebase kdebase-bin kdebase-bin-kde3
13537   kdebase-kio-plugins kdesktop kdeutils khelpcenter kicker
13538   kicker-applets knewsticker kolourpaint konq-plugins konqueror korn
13539   kpersonalizer kscreensaver ksplash libavcodec51 libdatrie0 libkiten1
13540   libxcb-xlib0 quanta superkaramba texlive-base-bin xorg xserver-xorg
13541   xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
13542   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
13543   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-input-wacom
13544   xserver-xorg-video-all xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark
13545   xserver-xorg-video-ati xserver-xorg-video-chips
13546   xserver-xorg-video-cirrus xserver-xorg-video-cyrix
13547   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
13548   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
13549   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-imstt
13550   xserver-xorg-video-intel xserver-xorg-video-mach64
13551   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
13552   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-nv
13553   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome xserver-xorg-video-r128
13554   xserver-xorg-video-radeon xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd
13555   xserver-xorg-video-rendition xserver-xorg-video-s3
13556   xserver-xorg-video-s3virge xserver-xorg-video-savage
13557   xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion xserver-xorg-video-sis
13558   xserver-xorg-video-sisusb xserver-xorg-video-tdfx
13559   xserver-xorg-video-tga xserver-xorg-video-trident
13560   xserver-xorg-video-tseng xserver-xorg-video-v4l
13561   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vga
13562   xserver-xorg-video-vmware xserver-xorg-video-voodoo xulrunner-1.9</p>
13563
13564 <p><b>aptitude kde 192</b>
13565 <br>bluez-utils cpp-4.3 cupsddk-drivers cvs dcoprss dhcdbd
13566   djvulibre-desktop dosfstools eyesapplet fifteenapplet finger gettext
13567   ghostscript-x imlib-base imlib11 indi kandy karm kasteroids
13568   kaudiocreator kbackgammon kbstate kcoloredit kcontrol kcron kdat
13569   kdeadmin-kfile-plugins kdeartwork-misc kdeartwork-theme-window
13570   kdebase-bin-kde3 kdebase-kio-plugins kdeedu-data
13571   kdegraphics-kfile-plugins kdelirc kdemultimedia-kappfinder-data
13572   kdemultimedia-kfile-plugins kdenetwork-kfile-plugins
13573   kdepim-kfile-plugins kdepim-kio-plugins kdeprint kdesktop kdessh
13574   kdict kdnssd kdvi kedit keduca kenolaba kfax kfaxview kfouleggs
13575   kghostview khelpcenter khexedit kiconedit kitchensync klatin
13576   klickety kmailcvt kmenuedit kmid kmilo kmoon kmrml kodo kolourpaint
13577   kooka korn kpager kpdf kpercentage kpf kpilot kpoker kpovmodeler
13578   krec kregexpeditor ksayit ksim ksirc ksirtet ksmiletris ksmserver
13579   ksnake ksokoban ksplash ksvg ksysv ktip ktnef kuickshow kverbos
13580   kview kviewshell kvoctrain kwifimanager kwin kwin4 kworldclock
13581   kxsldbg libakode2 libao2 libarts1-akode libarts1-audiofile
13582   libarts1-mpeglib libarts1-xine libavahi-compat-libdnssd1
13583   libavahi-core5 libavc1394-0 libavcodec51 libbluetooth2
13584   libboost-python1.34.1 libcucul0 libcurl3 libcvsservice0 libdatrie0
13585   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdjvulibre21 libdvdread3 libfaad0 libfreebob0
13586   libgail-common libgd2-noxpm libgraphviz4 libgsmme1c2a libgtkhtml2-0
13587   libicu38 libiec61883-0 libindex0 libiw29 libk3b3 libkcal2b libkcddb1
13588   libkdeedu3 libkdepim1a libkgantt0 libkiten1 libkleopatra1 libkmime2
13589   libkpathsea4 libkpimexchange1 libkpimidentities1 libkscan1
13590   libksieve0 libktnef1 liblockdev1 libltdl3 libmagick10 libmimelib1c2a
13591   libmozjs1d libmpcdec3 libneon27 libnm-util0 libopensync0 libpisock9
13592   libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler-qt2 libpoppler3 libraw1394-8 libsmbios2
13593   libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libtalloc1 libtiff-tools
13594   libxalan2-java libxalan2-java-gcj libxcb-xlib0 libxerces2-java
13595   libxerces2-java-gcj libxtrap6 mpeglib networkstatus
13596   openoffice.org-writer2latex pmount poster psutils quanta quanta-data
13597   superkaramba svgalibg1 tex-common texlive-base texlive-base-bin
13598   texlive-common texlive-doc-base texlive-fonts-recommended
13599   xserver-xorg-video-cyrix xserver-xorg-video-imstt
13600   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-v4l xserver-xorg-video-vga
13601   xulrunner-1.9</p>
13602
13603
13604       </div>
13605       <div class="tags">
13606
13607
13608         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13609
13610
13611       </div>
13612     </div>
13613     <div class="padding"></div>
13614
13615     <div class="entry">
13616       <div class="title">
13617         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_upgrade_testing_from_Lenny_to_Squeeze.html">Automatic upgrade testing from Lenny to Squeeze</a>
13618       </div>
13619       <div class="date">
13620         11th June 2010
13621       </div>
13622       <div class="body">
13623         <p>The last few days I have done some upgrade testing in Debian, to
13624 see if the upgrade from Lenny to Squeeze will go smoothly.  A few bugs
13625 have been discovered and reported in the process
13626 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/585410">#585410</a> in nagios3-cgi,
13627 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584879">#584879</a> already fixed in
13628 enscript and <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584861">#584861</a> in
13629 kdebase-workspace-data), and to get a more regular testing going on, I
13630 am working on a script to automate the test.</p>
13631
13632 <p>The idea is to create a Lenny chroot and use tasksel to install a
13633 Gnome or KDE desktop installation inside the chroot before upgrading
13634 it.  To ensure no services are started in the chroot, a policy-rc.d
13635 script is inserted.  To make sure tasksel believe it is to install a
13636 desktop on a laptop, the tasksel tests are replaced in the chroot
13637 (only acceptable because this is a throw-away chroot).</p>
13638
13639 <p>A naive upgrade from Lenny to Squeeze using aptitude dist-upgrade
13640 currently always fail because udev refuses to upgrade with the kernel
13641 in Lenny, so to avoid that problem the file /etc/udev/kernel-upgrade
13642 is created.  The bug report
13643 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/566000">#566000</a> make me suspect
13644 this problem do not trigger in a chroot, but I touch the file anyway
13645 to make sure the upgrade go well.  Testing on virtual and real
13646 hardware have failed me because of udev so far, and creating this file
13647 do the trick in such settings anyway.  This is a
13648 <a href="http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/debian-26/failed-dist-upgrade-due-to-udev-config_sysfs_deprecated-nonsense-804130/">known
13649 issue</a> and the current udev behaviour is intended by the udev
13650 maintainer because he lack the resources to rewrite udev to keep
13651 working with old kernels or something like that.  I really wish the
13652 udev upstream would keep udev backwards compatible, to avoid such
13653 upgrade problem, but given that they fail to do so, I guess
13654 documenting the way out of this mess is the best option we got for
13655 Debian Squeeze.</p>
13656
13657 <p>Anyway, back to the task at hand, testing upgrades.  This test
13658 script, which I call <tt>upgrade-test</tt> for now, is doing the
13659 trick:</p>
13660
13661 <blockquote><pre>
13662 #!/bin/sh
13663 set -ex
13664
13665 if [ "$1" ] ; then
13666     desktop=$1
13667 else
13668     desktop=gnome
13669 fi
13670
13671 from=lenny
13672 to=squeeze
13673
13674 exec &lt; /dev/null
13675 unset LANG
13676 mirror=http://ftp.skolelinux.org/debian
13677 tmpdir=chroot-$from-upgrade-$to-$desktop
13678 fuser -mv .
13679 debootstrap $from $tmpdir $mirror
13680 chroot $tmpdir aptitude update
13681 cat > $tmpdir/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d &lt;&lt;EOF
13682 #!/bin/sh
13683 exit 101
13684 EOF
13685 chmod a+rx $tmpdir/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d
13686 exit_cleanup() {
13687     umount $tmpdir/proc
13688 }
13689 mount -t proc proc $tmpdir/proc
13690 # Make sure proc is unmounted also on failure
13691 trap exit_cleanup EXIT INT
13692
13693 chroot $tmpdir aptitude -y install debconf-utils
13694
13695 # Make sure tasksel autoselection trigger.  It need the test scripts
13696 # to return the correct answers.
13697 echo tasksel tasksel/desktop multiselect $desktop | \
13698     chroot $tmpdir debconf-set-selections
13699
13700 # Include the desktop and laptop task
13701 for test in desktop laptop ; do
13702     echo > $tmpdir/usr/lib/tasksel/tests/$test &lt;&lt;EOF
13703 #!/bin/sh
13704 exit 2
13705 EOF
13706     chmod a+rx $tmpdir/usr/lib/tasksel/tests/$test
13707 done
13708
13709 DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
13710 DEBIAN_PRIORITY=critical
13711 export DEBIAN_FRONTEND DEBIAN_PRIORITY
13712 chroot $tmpdir tasksel --new-install
13713
13714 echo deb $mirror $to main > $tmpdir/etc/apt/sources.list
13715 chroot $tmpdir aptitude update
13716 touch $tmpdir/etc/udev/kernel-upgrade
13717 chroot $tmpdir aptitude -y dist-upgrade
13718 fuser -mv
13719 </pre></blockquote>
13720
13721 <p>I suspect it would be useful to test upgrades with both apt-get and
13722 with aptitude, but I have not had time to look at how they behave
13723 differently so far.  I hope to get a cron job running to do the test
13724 regularly and post the result on the web.  The Gnome upgrade currently
13725 work, while the KDE upgrade fail because of the bug in
13726 kdebase-workspace-data</p>
13727
13728 <p>I am not quite sure what kind of extract from the huge upgrade logs
13729 (KDE 167 KiB, Gnome 516 KiB) it make sense to include in this blog
13730 post, so I will refrain from trying.  I can report that for Gnome,
13731 aptitude report 760 packages upgraded, 448 newly installed, 129 to
13732 remove and 1 not upgraded and 1024MB need to be downloaded while for
13733 KDE the same numbers are 702 packages upgraded, 507 newly installed,
13734 193 to remove and 0 not upgraded and 1117MB need to be downloaded</p>
13735
13736 <p>I am very happy to notice that the Gnome desktop + laptop upgrade
13737 is able to migrate to dependency based boot sequencing and parallel
13738 booting without a hitch.  Was unsure if there were still bugs with
13739 packages failing to clean up their obsolete init.d script during
13740 upgrades, and no such problem seem to affect the Gnome desktop+laptop
13741 packages.</p>
13742
13743       </div>
13744       <div class="tags">
13745
13746
13747         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13748
13749
13750       </div>
13751     </div>
13752     <div class="padding"></div>
13753
13754     <div class="entry">
13755       <div class="title">
13756         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_er_laget_for_sentraldrifting__naturligvis.html">Skolelinux er laget for sentraldrifting, naturligvis</a>
13757       </div>
13758       <div class="date">
13759          9th June 2010
13760       </div>
13761       <div class="body">
13762         <p>Det er merkelig hvordan myter om Skolelinux overlever.  En slik
13763 myte er at Skolelinux ikke kan sentraldriftes og ha sentralt plasserte
13764 tjenermaskiner.  I siste Computerworld Norge er
13765 <a href="http://www.idg.no/computerworld/article169432.ece">IT-sjef
13766 Viggo Billdal i Steinkjer intervjuet</a>, og forteller uten
13767 blygsel:</p>
13768
13769 <blockquote><p>Vi hadde Skolelinux, men det har vi sluttet med. Vi testet
13770 om det lønte seg med Microsoft eller en åpen plattform. Vi fant ut at
13771 Microsoft egentlig var totalt sett bedre egnet. Det var store
13772 driftskostnader med Skolelinux, blant annet på grunn av
13773 desentraliserte servere. Det var komplisert, så vi gikk vekk fra det
13774 og bruker nå bare Windows.</p></blockquote>
13775
13776 <p>En <a
13777 href="https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/bruker/2010-June/009101.html">rask
13778 sjekk</a> mot den norske brukerlista i Skolelinuxprosjektet forteller
13779 at Steinkjers forsøk foregikk fram til 2004/2005, og at Røysing skole
13780 i Steinkjer skal ha vært svært fornøyd med Skolelinux men at kommunen
13781 overkjørte skolen og krevde at de gikk over til Windows.  Et søk på
13782 nettet sendte meg til
13783 <a href="http://www.dn.no/multimedia/archive/00090/Dagens_it_nr__18_90826a.pdf">Dagens
13784 IT nr. 18 2005</a> hvor en kan lese på side 18:</p>
13785
13786 <blockquote><p>Inge Tømmerås ved Røysing skole i Steinkjer kjører ennå
13787 Microsoft, men forteller at kompetanseutfordringen med Skolelinux ikke
13788 var så stor.   Jeg syntes Skolelinux var utrolig lett å drifte uten
13789 forkunnskaper. Men man må jo selvsagt ha tilgang på ekstern kompetanse
13790 til installasjoner og maskinvarefeil, sier Tømmerås.</p></blockquote>
13791
13792 <p>Som systemarkitekten bak Skolelinux, kan jeg bare riste på hodet
13793 over påstanden om at Skolelinux krever desentraliserte tjenere.
13794 Skolelinux-arkitekturen er laget for sentralisert drift og plassering
13795 av tjenerne lokalt eller sentralt alt etter behov og nettkapasitet.
13796 Den er modellert på nettverks- og tjenerløsningen som brukes på
13797 Universitetet i Tromsø og Oslo, der jeg jobber med utvikling av
13798 driftstjenester.  Dette er det heldigvis noen som har fått med seg, og
13799 jeg er glad for å kunne sitere fra en kommentar på den overnevnte
13800 artikkelen.  Min venn og gamle kollega Sturle Sunde forteller der:
13801
13802 <blockquote>
13803 <p>I Flora kommune køyrer vi Skulelinux på skular med alt frå 15 til
13804 meir enn 500 elevar. Dei store skulane har eigen tenar, for det er
13805 mest praktisk. Eg, som er driftsansvarleg for heile nettet, ser
13806 sjeldan dei tenarane fysisk, men at dei står der gjer skulane mindre
13807 avhengige av eksterne linjer som er trege eller dyre. Dei minste
13808 skulane har ikkje eigen tenar. Å bruke sentral tenar er heller ikkje
13809 noko problem. Småskulane klarar seg fint med 1 mbit-linje til ein
13810 sentral tenar eller tenaren på ein større skule.</p>
13811
13812 <p>Det beste med Skulelinux er halvtjukke klientar. Dei treng ikkje
13813 harddisk og brukar minimalt med ressursar på tenaren fordi dei køyrer
13814 programma lokalt. Eit klasserom med 30 sju-åtte år gamle maskiner har
13815 mykje meir CPU og RAM totalt enn nokon moderne tenar til under
13816 millionen. Det trengst to kommandoar på den sentrale tenaren for å
13817 oppdatere alle klientane, både tynne og halvtjukke. Vi har ingen
13818 problem med diskar som ryk heller, som var eit problem før fordi
13819 elevane sat og sparka i maskinene. Og dei krev lite bandbreidde i
13820 nettet, so det er fullt mogleg å køyre slike på småskular med trege
13821 linjer mot tenaren på ein større skule.</p>
13822
13823 <p>Flora kommune har nesten 800 Linux-maskiner i sitt skulenett, og
13824 ein person som tek seg av drift av heile nettet, inkludert tenarar,
13825 klientar, operativsystem, programvare, heimekontorløysing og
13826 administrasjon av brukarar.</p>
13827
13828 <p>No skal det seiast at vi ikkje køyrer rein Skulelinux ut av
13829 boksen. Vi har gjort ein del tilpassingar mot noko Novell-greier som
13830 var der frå før, og som har komplisert installasjonen vår. Etter at
13831 oppsettet var gjort har løysinga vore stabil og kravd minimalt med
13832 arbeid.</p>
13833 </blockquote>
13834
13835 <p>Jeg vet at Narvik, Harstad og Oslo er kommuner der Skolelinux
13836 sentraldriftes med sentrale tjenere.  Det forteller meg at Steinkjers
13837 IT-sjef neppe bør skylde på Skolelinux-løsningen for sine 5 år gamle
13838 minner.</p>
13839
13840       </div>
13841       <div class="tags">
13842
13843
13844         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13845
13846
13847       </div>
13848     </div>
13849     <div class="padding"></div>
13850
13851     <div class="entry">
13852       <div class="title">
13853         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_manual_for_standards_wars___.html">A manual for standards wars...</a>
13854       </div>
13855       <div class="date">
13856          6th June 2010
13857       </div>
13858       <div class="body">
13859         <p>Via the
13860 <a href="http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/robweir/antic-atom/~3/QzU4RgoAGMg/weekly-links-10.html">blog
13861 of Rob Weir</a> I came across the very interesting essay named
13862 <a href="http://faculty.haas.berkeley.edu/shapiro/wars.pdf">The Art of
13863 Standards Wars</a> (PDF 25 pages).  I recommend it for everyone
13864 following the standards wars of today.</p>
13865
13866       </div>
13867       <div class="tags">
13868
13869
13870         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard</a>.
13871
13872
13873       </div>
13874     </div>
13875     <div class="padding"></div>
13876
13877     <div class="entry">
13878       <div class="title">
13879         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Sitesummary_tip__Listing_computer_hardware_models_used_at_site.html">Sitesummary tip: Listing computer hardware models used at site</a>
13880       </div>
13881       <div class="date">
13882          3rd June 2010
13883       </div>
13884       <div class="body">
13885         <p>When using sitesummary at a site to track machines, it is possible
13886 to get a list of the machine types in use thanks to the DMI
13887 information extracted from each machine.  The script to do so is
13888 included in the sitesummary package, and here is example output from
13889 the Skolelinux build servers:</p>
13890
13891 <blockquote><pre>
13892 maintainer:~# /usr/lib/sitesummary/hardware-model-summary
13893   vendor                    count
13894   Dell Computer Corporation     1
13895     PowerEdge 1750              1
13896   IBM                           1
13897     eserver xSeries 345 -[8670M1X]-     1
13898   Intel                         2
13899   [no-dmi-info]                 3
13900 maintainer:~#
13901 </pre></blockquote>
13902
13903 <p>The quality of the report depend on the quality of the DMI tables
13904 provided in each machine.  Here there are Intel machines without model
13905 information listed with Intel as vendor and no model, and virtual Xen
13906 machines listed as [no-dmi-info].  One can add -l as a command line
13907 option to list the individual machines.</p>
13908
13909 <p>A larger list is
13910 <a href="http://narvikskolen.no/sitesummary/">available from the the
13911 city of Narvik</a>, which uses Skolelinux on all their shools and also
13912 provide the basic sitesummary report publicly.  In their report there
13913 are ~1400 machines. I know they use both Ubuntu and Skolelinux on
13914 their machines, and as sitesummary is available in both distributions,
13915 it is trivial to get all of them to report to the same central
13916 collector.</p>
13917
13918       </div>
13919       <div class="tags">
13920
13921
13922         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
13923
13924
13925       </div>
13926     </div>
13927     <div class="padding"></div>
13928
13929     <div class="entry">
13930       <div class="title">
13931         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/KDM_fail_at_boot_with_NVidia_cards___and_no_one_try_to_fix_it_.html">KDM fail at boot with NVidia cards - and no one try to fix it?</a>
13932       </div>
13933       <div class="date">
13934          1st June 2010
13935       </div>
13936       <div class="body">
13937         <p>It is strange to watch how a bug in Debian causing KDM to fail to
13938 start at boot when an NVidia video card is used is handled.  The
13939 problem seem to be that the nvidia X.org driver uses a long time to
13940 initialize, and this duration is longer than kdm is configured to
13941 wait.</p>
13942
13943 <p>I came across two bugs related to this issue,
13944 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/583312">#583312</a> initially filed
13945 against initscripts and passed on to nvidia-glx when it became obvious
13946 that the nvidia drivers were involved, and
13947 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/524751">#524751</a> initially filed against
13948 kdm and passed on to src:nvidia-graphics-drivers for unknown reasons.</p>
13949
13950 <p>To me, it seem that no-one is interested in actually solving the
13951 problem nvidia video card owners experience and make sure the Debian
13952 distribution work out of the box for these users.  The nvidia driver
13953 maintainers expect kdm to be set up to wait longer, while kdm expect
13954 the nvidia driver maintainers to fix the driver to start faster, and
13955 while they wait for each other I guess the users end up switching to a
13956 distribution that work for them.  I have no idea what the solution is,
13957 but I am pretty sure that waiting for each other is not it.</p>
13958
13959 <p>I wonder why we end up handling bugs this way.</p>
13960
13961       </div>
13962       <div class="tags">
13963
13964
13965         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13966
13967
13968       </div>
13969     </div>
13970     <div class="padding"></div>
13971
13972     <div class="entry">
13973       <div class="title">
13974         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Parallellized_boot_seem_to_hold_up_well_in_Debian_testing.html">Parallellized boot seem to hold up well in Debian/testing</a>
13975       </div>
13976       <div class="date">
13977         27th May 2010
13978       </div>
13979       <div class="body">
13980         <p>A few days ago, parallel booting was enabled in Debian/testing.
13981 The feature seem to hold up pretty well, but three fairly serious
13982 issues are known and should be solved:
13983
13984 <p><ul>
13985
13986 <li>The wicd package seen to
13987 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/508289">break NFS mounting</a> and
13988 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/581586">network setup</a> when
13989 parallel booting is enabled.  No idea why, but the wicd maintainer
13990 seem to be on the case.</li>
13991
13992 <li>The nvidia X driver seem to
13993 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/583312">have a race condition</a>
13994 triggered more easily when parallel booting is in effect.  The
13995 maintainer is on the case.</li>
13996
13997 <li>The sysv-rc package fail to properly enable dependency based boot
13998 sequencing (the shutdown is broken) when old file-rc users
13999 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/575080">try to switch back</a> to
14000 sysv-rc.  One way to solve it would be for file-rc to create
14001 /etc/init.d/.legacy-bootordering, and another is to try to make
14002 sysv-rc more robust.  Will investigate some more and probably upload a
14003 workaround in sysv-rc to help those trying to move from file-rc to
14004 sysv-rc get a working shutdown.</li>
14005
14006 </ul></p>
14007
14008 <p>All in all not many surprising issues, and all of them seem
14009 solvable before Squeeze is released.  In addition to these there are
14010 some packages with bugs in their dependencies and run level settings,
14011 which I expect will be fixed in a reasonable time span.</p>
14012
14013 <p>If you report any problems with dependencies in init.d scripts to
14014 the BTS, please usertag the report to get it to show up at
14015 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/pkgreport.cgi?users=initscripts-ng-devel@lists.alioth.debian.org">the
14016 list of usertagged bugs related to this</a>.</p>
14017
14018 <p>Update: Correct bug number to file-rc issue.</p>
14019
14020       </div>
14021       <div class="tags">
14022
14023
14024         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
14025
14026
14027       </div>
14028     </div>
14029     <div class="padding"></div>
14030
14031     <div class="entry">
14032       <div class="title">
14033         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/More_flexible_firmware_handling_in_debian_installer.html">More flexible firmware handling in debian-installer</a>
14034       </div>
14035       <div class="date">
14036         22nd May 2010
14037       </div>
14038       <div class="body">
14039         <p>After a long break from debian-installer development, I finally
14040 found time today to return to the project.  Having to spend less time
14041 working dependency based boot in debian, as it is almost complete now,
14042 definitely helped freeing some time.</p>
14043
14044 <p>A while back, I ran into a problem while working on Debian Edu.  We
14045 include some firmware packages on the Debian Edu CDs, those needed to
14046 get disk and network controllers working.  Without having these
14047 firmware packages available during installation, it is impossible to
14048 install Debian Edu on the given machine, and because our target group
14049 are non-technical people, asking them to provide firmware packages on
14050 an external medium is a support pain.  Initially, I expected it to be
14051 enough to include the firmware packages on the CD to get
14052 debian-installer to find and use them.  This proved to be wrong.
14053 Next, I hoped it was enough to symlink the relevant firmware packages
14054 to some useful location on the CD (tried /cdrom/ and
14055 /cdrom/firmware/).  This also proved to not work, and at this point I
14056 found time to look at the debian-installer code to figure out what was
14057 going to work.</p>
14058
14059 <p>The firmware loading code is in the hw-detect package, and a closer
14060 look revealed that it would only look for firmware packages outside
14061 the installation media, so the CD was never checked for firmware
14062 packages.  It would only check USB sticks, floppies and other
14063 "external" media devices.  Today I changed it to also look in the
14064 /cdrom/firmware/ directory on the mounted CD or DVD, which should
14065 solve the problem I ran into with Debian edu.  I also changed it to
14066 look in /firmware/, to make sure the installer also find firmware
14067 provided in the initrd when booting the installer via PXE, to allow us
14068 to provide the same feature in the PXE setup included in Debian
14069 Edu.</p>
14070
14071 <p>To make sure firmware deb packages with a license questions are not
14072 activated without asking if the license is accepted, I extended
14073 hw-detect to look for preinst scripts in the firmware packages, and
14074 run these before activating the firmware during installation.  The
14075 license question is asked using debconf in the preinst, so this should
14076 solve the issue for the firmware packages I have looked at so far.</p>
14077
14078 <p>If you want to discuss the details of these features, please
14079 contact us on debian-boot@lists.debian.org.</p>
14080
14081       </div>
14082       <div class="tags">
14083
14084
14085         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
14086
14087
14088       </div>
14089     </div>
14090     <div class="padding"></div>
14091
14092     <div class="entry">
14093       <div class="title">
14094         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Pieces_of_the_roaming_laptop_puzzle_in_Debian.html">Pieces of the roaming laptop puzzle in Debian</a>
14095       </div>
14096       <div class="date">
14097         19th May 2010
14098       </div>
14099       <div class="body">
14100         <p>Today, the last piece of the puzzle for roaming laptops in Debian
14101 Edu finally entered the Debian archive.  Today, the new
14102 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/libp/libpam-mklocaluser.html">libpam-mklocaluser</a>
14103 package was accepted.  Two days ago, two other pieces was accepted
14104 into unstable.  The
14105 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/p/pam-python.html">pam-python</a>
14106 package needed by libpam-mklocaluser, and the
14107 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/sssd.html">sssd</a> package
14108 passed NEW on Monday.  In addition, the
14109 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/libp/libpam-ccreds.html">libpam-ccreds</a>
14110 package we need is in experimental (version 10-4) since Saturday, and
14111 hopefully will be moved to unstable soon.</p>
14112
14113 <p>This collection of packages allow for two different setups for
14114 roaming laptops.  The traditional setup would be using libpam-ccreds,
14115 nscd and libpam-mklocaluser with LDAP or Kerberos authentication,
14116 which should work out of the box if the configuration changes proposed
14117 for nscd in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/485282">BTS report
14118 #485282</a> is implemented.  The alternative setup is to use sssd with
14119 libpam-mklocaluser to connect to LDAP or Kerberos and let sssd take
14120 care of the caching of passwords and group information.</p>
14121
14122 <p>I have so far been unable to get sssd to work with the LDAP server
14123 at the University, but suspect the issue is some SSL/GnuTLS related
14124 problem with the server certificate.  I plan to update the Debian
14125 package to version 1.2, which is scheduled for next week, and hope to
14126 find time to make sure the next release will include both the
14127 Debian/Ubuntu specific patches.  Upstream is friendly and responsive,
14128 and I am sure we will find a good solution.</p>
14129
14130 <p>The idea is to set up the roaming laptops to authenticate using
14131 LDAP or Kerberos and create a local user with home directory in /home/
14132 when a usre in LDAP logs in via KDM or GDM for the first time, and
14133 cache the password for offline checking, as well as caching group
14134 memberhips and other relevant LDAP information.  The
14135 libpam-mklocaluser package was created to make sure the local home
14136 directory is in /home/, instead of /site/server/directory/ which would
14137 be the home directory if pam_mkhomedir was used.  To avoid confusion
14138 with support requests and configuration, we do not want local laptops
14139 to have users in a path that is used for the same users home directory
14140 on the home directory servers.</p>
14141
14142 <p>One annoying problem with gdm is that it do not show the PAM
14143 message passed to the user from libpam-mklocaluser when the local user
14144 is created.  Instead gdm simply reject the login with some generic
14145 message.  The message is shown in kdm, ssh and login, so I guess it is
14146 a bug in gdm.  Have not investigated if there is some other message
14147 type that can be used instead to get gdm to also show the message.</p>
14148
14149 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
14150 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
14151
14152       </div>
14153       <div class="tags">
14154
14155
14156         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14157
14158
14159       </div>
14160     </div>
14161     <div class="padding"></div>
14162
14163     <div class="entry">
14164       <div class="title">
14165         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Parallellized_boot_is_now_the_default_in_Debian_unstable.html">Parallellized boot is now the default in Debian/unstable</a>
14166       </div>
14167       <div class="date">
14168         14th May 2010
14169       </div>
14170       <div class="body">
14171         <p>Since this evening, parallel booting is the default in
14172 Debian/unstable for machines using dependency based boot sequencing.
14173 Apparently the testing of concurrent booting has been wider than
14174 expected, if I am to believe the
14175 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-devel/2010/05/msg00122.html">input
14176 on debian-devel@</a>, and I concluded a few days ago to move forward
14177 with the feature this weekend, to give us some time to detect any
14178 remaining problems before Squeeze is frozen.  If serious problems are
14179 detected, it is simple to change the default back to sequential boot.
14180 The upload of the new sysvinit package also activate a new upstream
14181 version.</p>
14182
14183 More information about
14184 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/LSBInitScripts/DependencyBasedBoot">dependency
14185 based boot sequencing</a> is available from the Debian wiki.  It is
14186 currently possible to disable parallel booting when one run into
14187 problems caused by it, by adding this line to /etc/default/rcS:</p>
14188
14189 <blockquote><pre>
14190 CONCURRENCY=none
14191 </pre></blockquote>
14192
14193 <p>If you report any problems with dependencies in init.d scripts to
14194 the BTS, please usertag the report to get it to show up at
14195 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/pkgreport.cgi?users=initscripts-ng-devel@lists.alioth.debian.org">the
14196 list of usertagged bugs related to this</a>.</p>
14197
14198       </div>
14199       <div class="tags">
14200
14201
14202         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
14203
14204
14205       </div>
14206     </div>
14207     <div class="padding"></div>
14208
14209     <div class="entry">
14210       <div class="title">
14211         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Sitesummary_tip__Listing_MAC_address_of_all_clients.html">Sitesummary tip: Listing MAC address of all clients</a>
14212       </div>
14213       <div class="date">
14214         14th May 2010
14215       </div>
14216       <div class="body">
14217         <p>In the recent Debian Edu versions, the
14218 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/SiteSummary">sitesummary
14219 system</a> is used to keep track of the machines in the school
14220 network.  Each machine will automatically report its status to the
14221 central server after boot and once per night.  The network setup is
14222 also reported, and using this information it is possible to get the
14223 MAC address of all network interfaces in the machines.  This is useful
14224 to update the DHCP configuration.</p>
14225
14226 <p>To give some idea how to use sitesummary, here is a one-liner to
14227 ist all MAC addresses of all machines reporting to sitesummary.  Run
14228 this on the collector host:</p>
14229
14230 <blockquote><pre>
14231 perl -MSiteSummary -e 'for_all_hosts(sub { print join(" ", get_macaddresses(shift)), "\n"; });'
14232 </pre></blockquote>
14233
14234 <p>This will list all MAC addresses assosiated with all machine, one
14235 line per machine and with space between the MAC addresses.</p>
14236
14237 <p>To allow system administrators easier job at adding static DHCP
14238 addresses for hosts, it would be possible to extend this to fetch
14239 machine information from sitesummary and update the DHCP and DNS
14240 tables in LDAP using this information.  Such tool is unfortunately not
14241 written yet.</p>
14242
14243       </div>
14244       <div class="tags">
14245
14246
14247         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
14248
14249
14250       </div>
14251     </div>
14252     <div class="padding"></div>
14253
14254     <div class="entry">
14255       <div class="title">
14256         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Forcing_new_users_to_change_their_password_on_first_login.html">Forcing new users to change their password on first login</a>
14257       </div>
14258       <div class="date">
14259          2nd May 2010
14260       </div>
14261       <div class="body">
14262         <p>One interesting feature in Active Directory, is the ability to
14263 create a new user with an expired password, and thus force the user to
14264 change the password on the first login attempt.</p>
14265
14266 <p>I'm not quite sure how to do that with the LDAP setup in Debian
14267 Edu, but did some initial testing with a local account.  The account
14268 and password aging information is available in /etc/shadow, but
14269 unfortunately, it is not possible to specify an expiration time for
14270 passwords, only a maximum age for passwords.</p>
14271
14272 <p>A freshly created account (using adduser test) will have these
14273 settings in /etc/shadow:</p>
14274
14275 <blockquote><pre>
14276 root@tjener:~# chage -l test
14277 Last password change                                    : May 02, 2010
14278 Password expires                                        : never
14279 Password inactive                                       : never
14280 Account expires                                         : never
14281 Minimum number of days between password change          : 0
14282 Maximum number of days between password change          : 99999
14283 Number of days of warning before password expires       : 7
14284 root@tjener:~#
14285 </pre></blockquote>
14286
14287 <p>The only way I could come up with to create a user with an expired
14288 account, is to change the date of the last password change to the
14289 lowest value possible (January 1th 1970), and the maximum password age
14290 to the difference in days between that date and today.  To make it
14291 simple, I went for 30 years (30 * 365 = 10950) and January 2th (to
14292 avoid testing if 0 is a valid value).</p>
14293
14294 <p>After using these commands to set it up, it seem to work as
14295 intended:</p>
14296
14297 <blockquote><pre>
14298 root@tjener:~# chage -d 1 test; chage -M 10950 test
14299 root@tjener:~# chage -l test
14300 Last password change                                    : Jan 02, 1970
14301 Password expires                                        : never
14302 Password inactive                                       : never
14303 Account expires                                         : never
14304 Minimum number of days between password change          : 0
14305 Maximum number of days between password change          : 10950
14306 Number of days of warning before password expires       : 7
14307 root@tjener:~#
14308 </pre></blockquote>
14309
14310 <p>So far I have tested this with ssh and console, and kdm (in
14311 Squeeze) login, and all ask for a new password before login in the
14312 user (with ssh, I was thrown out and had to log in again).</p>
14313
14314 <p>Perhaps we should set up something similar for Debian Edu, to make
14315 sure only the user itself have the account password?</p>
14316
14317 <p>If you want to comment on or help out with implementing this for
14318 Debian Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
14319
14320 <p>Update 2010-05-02 17:20: Paul Tötterman tells me on IRC that the
14321 shadow(8) page in Debian/testing now state that setting the date of
14322 last password change to zero (0) will force the password to be changed
14323 on the first login.  This was not mentioned in the manual in Lenny, so
14324 I did not notice this in my initial testing.  I have tested it on
14325 Squeeze, and '<tt>chage -d 0 username</tt>' do work there.  I have not
14326 tested it on Lenny yet.</p>
14327
14328 <p>Update 2010-05-02-19:05: Jim Paris tells me via email that an
14329 equivalent command to expire a password is '<tt>passwd -e
14330 username</tt>', which insert zero into the date of the last password
14331 change.</p>
14332
14333       </div>
14334       <div class="tags">
14335
14336
14337         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet</a>.
14338
14339
14340       </div>
14341     </div>
14342     <div class="padding"></div>
14343
14344     <div class="entry">
14345       <div class="title">
14346         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Thoughts_on_roaming_laptop_setup_for_Debian_Edu.html">Thoughts on roaming laptop setup for Debian Edu</a>
14347       </div>
14348       <div class="date">
14349         28th April 2010
14350       </div>
14351       <div class="body">
14352         <p>For some years now, I have wondered how we should handle laptops in
14353 Debian Edu.  The Debian Edu infrastructure is mostly designed to
14354 handle stationary computers, and less suited for computers that come
14355 and go.</p>
14356
14357 <p>Now I finally believe I have an sensible idea on how to adjust
14358 Debian Edu for laptops, by introducing a new profile for them, for
14359 example called Roaming Workstations.  Here are my thought on this.
14360 The setup would consist of the following:</p>
14361
14362 <ul>
14363
14364  <li>During installation, the user name of the owner / primary user of
14365    the laptop is requested and a local home directory is set up for
14366    the user, with uid and gid information fetched from the LDAP
14367    server.  This allow the user to work also when offline.  The
14368    central home directory can be available in a subdirectory on
14369    request, for example mounted via CIFS.  It could be mounted
14370    automatically when a user log in while on the Debian Edu network,
14371    and unmounted when the machine is taken away (network down,
14372    hibernate, etc), it can be set up to do automatic mounting on
14373    request (using autofs), or perhaps some GUI button on the desktop
14374    can be used to access it when needed.  Perhaps it is enough to use
14375    the fish protocol in KDE?</li>
14376
14377  <li>Password checking is set up to use LDAP or Kerberos
14378    authentication when the machine is on the Debian Edu network, and
14379    to cache the password for offline checking when the machine unable
14380    to reach the LDAP or Kerberos server.  This can be done using
14381    <a href="http://www.padl.com/OSS/pam_ccreds.html">libpam-ccreds</a>
14382    or the Fedora developed
14383    <a href="https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/SSSD">System
14384    Security Services Daemon</a> packages.</li>
14385
14386  <li>File synchronisation with the central home directory is set up
14387    using a shared directory in both the local and the central home
14388    directory, using unison.</li>
14389
14390  <li>Printing should be set up to print to all printers broadcasting
14391    their existence on the local network, and should then work out of
14392    the box with CUPS.  For sites needing accurate printer quotas, some
14393    system with Kerberos authentication or printing via ssh could be
14394    implemented.</li>
14395
14396  <li>For users that should have local root access to their laptop,
14397    sudo should be used to allow this to the local user.</li>
14398
14399  <li>It would be nice if user and group information from LDAP is
14400    cached on the client, but given that there are entries for the
14401    local user and primary group in /etc/, it should not be needed.</li>
14402
14403 </ul>
14404
14405 <p>I believe all the pieces to implement this are in Debian/testing at
14406 the moment.  If we work quickly, we should be able to get this ready
14407 in time for the Squeeze release to freeze.  Some of the pieces need
14408 tweaking, like libpam-ccreds should get support for pam-auth-update
14409 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/566718">#566718</a>) and nslcd (or
14410 perhaps debian-edu-config) should get some integration code to stop
14411 its daemon when the LDAP server is unavailable to avoid long timeouts
14412 when disconnected from the net.  If we get Kerberos enabled, we need
14413 to make sure we avoid long timeouts there too.</p>
14414
14415 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
14416 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
14417
14418       </div>
14419       <div class="tags">
14420
14421
14422         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14423
14424
14425       </div>
14426     </div>
14427     <div class="padding"></div>
14428
14429     <div class="entry">
14430       <div class="title">
14431         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Kerberos_for_Debian_Edu_Squeeze_.html">Kerberos for Debian Edu/Squeeze?</a>
14432       </div>
14433       <div class="date">
14434         14th April 2010
14435       </div>
14436       <div class="body">
14437         <p><a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20100413-kerberos/">Yesterdays
14438 NUUG presentation</a> about Kerberos was inspiring, and reminded me
14439 about the need to start using Kerberos in Skolelinux.  Setting up a
14440 Kerberos server seem to be straight forward, and if we get this in
14441 place a long time before the Squeeze version of Debian freezes, we
14442 have a chance to migrate Skolelinux away from NFSv3 for the home
14443 directories, and over to an architecture where the infrastructure do
14444 not have to trust IP addresses and machines, and instead can trust
14445 users and cryptographic keys instead.</p>
14446
14447 <p>A challenge will be integration and administration.  Is there a
14448 Kerberos implementation for Debian where one can control the
14449 administration access in Kerberos using LDAP groups?  With it, the
14450 school administration will have to maintain access control using flat
14451 files on the main server, which give a huge potential for errors.</p>
14452
14453 <p>A related question I would like to know is how well Kerberos and
14454 pam-ccreds (offline password check) work together.  Anyone know?</p>
14455
14456 <p>Next step will be to use Kerberos for access control in Lwat and
14457 Nagios.  I have no idea how much work that will be to implement.  We
14458 would also need to document how to integrate with Windows AD, as such
14459 shared network will require two Kerberos realms that need to cooperate
14460 to work properly.</p>
14461
14462 <p>I believe a good start would be to start using Kerberos on the
14463 skolelinux.no machines, and this way get ourselves experience with
14464 configuration and integration.  A natural starting point would be
14465 setting up ldap.skolelinux.no as the Kerberos server, and migrate the
14466 rest of the machines from PAM via LDAP to PAM via Kerberos one at the
14467 time.</p>
14468
14469 <p>If you would like to contribute to get this working in Skolelinux,
14470 I recommend you to see the video recording from yesterdays NUUG
14471 presentation, and start using Kerberos at home.  The video show show
14472 up in a few days.</p>
14473
14474       </div>
14475       <div class="tags">
14476
14477
14478         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14479
14480
14481       </div>
14482     </div>
14483     <div class="padding"></div>
14484
14485     <div class="entry">
14486       <div class="title">
14487         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/After_6_years_of_waiting__the_Xreset_d_feature_is_implemented.html">After 6 years of waiting, the Xreset.d feature is implemented</a>
14488       </div>
14489       <div class="date">
14490          6th March 2010
14491       </div>
14492       <div class="body">
14493         <p>6 years ago, as part of the Debian Edu development I am involved
14494 in, I asked for a hook in the kdm and gdm setup to run scripts as root
14495 when the user log out.  A bug was submitted against the xfree86-common
14496 package in 2004 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/230422">#230422</a>),
14497 and revisited every time Debian Edu was working on a new release.
14498 Today, this finally paid off.</p>
14499
14500 <p>The framework for this feature was today commited to the git
14501 repositry for the xorg package, and the git repository for xdm has
14502 been updated to use this framework.  Next on my agenda is to make sure
14503 kdm and gdm also add code to use this framework.</p>
14504
14505 <p>In Debian Edu, we want to ability to run commands as root when the
14506 user log out, to get rid of runaway processes and do general cleanup
14507 after a user.  With this framework in place, we finally can do that in
14508 a generic way that work with all display managers using this
14509 framework.  My goal is to get all display managers in Debian use it,
14510 similar to how they use the Xsession.d framework today.<p>
14511
14512       </div>
14513       <div class="tags">
14514
14515
14516         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14517
14518
14519       </div>
14520     </div>
14521     <div class="padding"></div>
14522
14523     <div class="entry">
14524       <div class="title">
14525         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Lenny_released__work_continues.html">Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Lenny released, work continues</a>
14526       </div>
14527       <div class="date">
14528         11th February 2010
14529       </div>
14530       <div class="body">
14531         <p>On Tuesday, the Debian/Lenny based version of
14532 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> was finally
14533 shipped.  This was a major leap forward for the project, and I am very
14534 pleased that we finally got the release wrapped up.  Work on the first
14535 point release starts imediately, as we plan to get that one out a
14536 month after the major release, to include all fixes for bugs we found
14537 and fixed too late in the release process to include last Tuesday.</p>
14538
14539 <p>Perhaps it even is time for some partying?</p>
14540
14541 <p>After this first point release, my plan is to focus again on the
14542 next major release, based on Squeeze.  We will try to get as many of
14543 the fixes we need into the official Debian packages before the freeze,
14544 and have just a few weeks or months to make it happen.</p>
14545
14546       </div>
14547       <div class="tags">
14548
14549
14550         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14551
14552
14553       </div>
14554     </div>
14555     <div class="padding"></div>
14556
14557     <div class="entry">
14558       <div class="title">
14559         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_Munin_and_Nagios_configuration.html">Automatic Munin and Nagios configuration</a>
14560       </div>
14561       <div class="date">
14562         27th January 2010
14563       </div>
14564       <div class="body">
14565         <p>One of the new features in the next Debian/Lenny based release of
14566 Debian Edu/Skolelinux, which is scheduled for release in the next few
14567 days, is automatic configuration of the service monitoring system
14568 Nagios.  The previous release had automatic configuration of trend
14569 analysis using Munin, and this Lenny based release take that a step
14570 further.</p>
14571
14572 <p>When installing a Debian Edu Main-server, it is automatically
14573 configured as a Munin and Nagios server.  In addition, it is
14574 configured to be a server for the
14575 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/SiteSummary">SiteSummary
14576 system</a> I have written for use in Debian Edu.  The SiteSummary
14577 system is inspired by a system used by the University of Oslo where I
14578 work.  In short, the system provide a centralised collector of
14579 information about the computers on the network, and a client on each
14580 computer submitting information to this collector.  This allow for
14581 automatic information on which packages are installed on each machine,
14582 which kernel the machines are using, what kind of configuration the
14583 packages got etc.  This also allow us to automatically generate Munin
14584 and Nagios configuration.</p>
14585
14586 <p>All computers reporting to the sitesummary collector with the
14587 munin-node package installed is automatically enabled as a Munin
14588 client and graphs from the statistics collected from that machine show
14589 up automatically on http://www/munin/ on the Main-server.</p>
14590
14591 <p>All non-laptop computers reporting to the sitesummary collector are
14592 automatically monitored for network presence (ping and any network
14593 services detected).  In addition, all computers (also laptops) with
14594 the nagios-nrpe-server package installed and configured the way
14595 sitesummary would configure it, are monitored for full disks, software
14596 raid status, swap free and other checks that need to run locally on
14597 the machine.</p>
14598
14599 <p>The result is that the administrator on a school using Debian Edu
14600 based on Lenny will be able to check the health of his installation
14601 with one look at the Nagios settings, without having to spend any time
14602 keeping the Nagios configuration up-to-date.</p>
14603
14604 <p>The only configuration one need to do to get Nagios up and running
14605 is to set the password used to get access via HTTP.  The system
14606 administrator need to run "<tt>htpasswd /etc/nagios3/htpasswd.users
14607 nagiosadmin</tt>" to create a nagiosadmin user and set a password for
14608 it to be able to log into the Nagios web pages.  After that,
14609 everything is taken care of.</p>
14610
14611       </div>
14612       <div class="tags">
14613
14614
14615         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
14616
14617
14618       </div>
14619     </div>
14620     <div class="padding"></div>
14621
14622     <div class="entry">
14623       <div class="title">
14624         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Opphavet_til_Skolelinux_prosjektet.html">Opphavet til Skolelinux-prosjektet</a>
14625       </div>
14626       <div class="date">
14627         17th December 2009
14628       </div>
14629       <div class="body">
14630         <p>De færreste er klar over at Skolelinux-prosjektet kom som et resultat
14631 av en avgjørelse på årsmøtet i
14632 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">NUUG</a> i 2000-06-29, der Håkon Wium
14633 Lie, da varamedlem i styret, tok på seg oppdraget om å starte et
14634 initiativ kalt "Teach the Teacher", som skulle være et initiativ for
14635 å få fri programvare og unix-lignende operativsystemer inn i Skolen.
14636 Tanken var at en måtte starte med lærerne for at ungene skulle få
14637 mulighet til å møte en bedre IT-hverdag.  Jeg var tilstede på
14638 møtet, og hadde sans for ideen, men intet skjedde.  På vårparten
14639 2001 ble det arrangert en demonstrasjon i anledning at First Tuesday
14640 hadde invitert Microsoft til et møte for å fortelle om fremtidens
14641 Internet.  Dette provoserte endel av oss, og EFN og NUUG tok initiativ
14642 til å arrangere
14643 <a href="http://www.digi.no/60982/first-tuesday-mote-med-microsoft-protest">en
14644 demonstrasjon utenfor lokalene 2001-05-21</a>.  Blant de som sto bak
14645 demonstrasjonen var Vidar Bakke fra NUUG og Håkon W. Lie fra EFN.
14646 Etter demonstrasjonen arrangerte Håkon en fest hjemme hos seg der alle
14647 som hadde vært aktive i demonstrasjonsplanlegging og gjennomføringen
14648 deltok.  Før festen var jeg blitt lei av å vente på at Håkon skulle ta
14649 initiativ til "Teach the Teacher", og for å forsøke å få litt fremgang
14650 besteme jeg meg for å benytte anledningen hos Håkon til å snakke om
14651 behovet for å hjelpe skolene i gang med bedre datasystemer bestående
14652 av fri programvare og unix-lignende operativsystemer.  Flere var
14653 interessert, og Knut Yrvin tenkte på ideen.  Han
14654 <a href="http://developer.skolelinux.no/brev/2001-06-28-invitasjon-skolelinux.txt">ropte
14655 sammen</a> til et stiftelsesmøte i prosjektet i sin arbeidsgivers
14656 Objectwares lokaler ved Ullevål stadion 2001-07-02, og jeg ble med.
14657 Resten er historie. :)</p>
14658
14659       </div>
14660       <div class="tags">
14661
14662
14663         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14664
14665
14666       </div>
14667     </div>
14668     <div class="padding"></div>
14669
14670     <div class="entry">
14671       <div class="title">
14672         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_operativt_webbasert_medlemsregister_for_Fri_programvare_i_skolen.html">Endelig operativt webbasert medlemsregister for Fri programvare i skolen</a>
14673       </div>
14674       <div class="date">
14675          2nd November 2009
14676       </div>
14677       <div class="body">
14678         <p>Under helgens utviklersamling i
14679 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.no/">Skolelinux</a> fikk jeg endelig
14680 satt meg ned sammen med Ronny Aasen i styret for å få et webbasert
14681 medlemsregister tilbake på plass for foreningen som passer på
14682 skolelinuxprosjektet.  Etter flere års knot og problemer, er nå
14683 memberdb satt opp og klart til bruk.  Import av det gamle
14684 medlemsregisteret har vist seg vanskelig, så alle medlemmer bes om å
14685 registrere seg på nytt.  Hvis du støtter FRiSKs formål så er du
14686 hjertelig velkommen til
14687 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">å melde deg
14688 inn</a>. Formålet lyder:</p>
14689
14690 <blockquote>Linux i skolen skal tilrettelegge for og informere om bruk
14691 av fri programvare, i henhold til Debian Free Software Guidelines av
14692 2002-02-03, i den norske skolen, slik som f.eks. Linux og
14693 GNU.</blockquote>
14694
14695       </div>
14696       <div class="tags">
14697
14698
14699         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
14700
14701
14702       </div>
14703     </div>
14704     <div class="padding"></div>
14705
14706     <div class="entry">
14707       <div class="title">
14708         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Returning_from_Skolelinux_developer_gathering.html">Returning from Skolelinux developer gathering</a>
14709       </div>
14710       <div class="date">
14711         29th March 2009
14712       </div>
14713       <div class="body">
14714         <p>I'm sitting on the train going home from this weekends Debian
14715 Edu/Skolelinux development gathering.  I got a bit done tuning the
14716 desktop, and looked into the dynamic service location protocol
14717 implementation avahi.  It look like it could be useful for us.  Almost
14718 30 people participated, and I believe it was a great environment to
14719 get to know the Skolelinux system.  Walter Bender, involved in the
14720 development of the Sugar educational platform, presented his stuff and
14721 also helped me improve my OLPC installation.  He also showed me that
14722 his Turtle Art application can be used in standalone mode, and we
14723 agreed that I would help getting it packaged for Debian.  As a
14724 standalone application it would be great for Debian Edu.  We also
14725 tried to get the video conferencing working with two OLPCs, but that
14726 proved to be too hard for us.  The application seem to need more work
14727 before it is ready for me.  I look forward to getting home and relax
14728 now. :)</p>
14729
14730       </div>
14731       <div class="tags">
14732
14733
14734         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14735
14736
14737       </div>
14738     </div>
14739     <div class="padding"></div>
14740
14741     <div class="entry">
14742       <div class="title">
14743         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">Time for new  LDAP schemas replacing RFC 2307?</a>
14744       </div>
14745       <div class="date">
14746         29th March 2009
14747       </div>
14748       <div class="body">
14749         <p>The state of standardized LDAP schemas on Linux is far from
14750 optimal.  There is RFC 2307 documenting one way to store NIS maps in
14751 LDAP, and a modified version of this normally called RFC 2307bis, with
14752 some modifications to be compatible with Active Directory.  The RFC
14753 specification handle the content of a lot of system databases, but do
14754 not handle DNS zones and DHCP configuration.</p>
14755
14756 <p>In <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux</a>,
14757 we would like to store information about users, SMB clients/hosts,
14758 filegroups, netgroups (users and hosts), DHCP and DNS configuration,
14759 and LTSP configuration in LDAP.  These objects have a lot in common,
14760 but with the current LDAP schemas it is not possible to have one
14761 object per entity.  For example, one need to have at least three LDAP
14762 objects for a given computer, one with the SMB related stuff, one with
14763 DNS information and another with DHCP information.  The schemas
14764 provided for DNS and DHCP are impossible to combine into one LDAP
14765 object.  In addition, it is impossible to implement quick queries for
14766 netgroup membership, because of the way NIS triples are implemented.
14767 It just do not scale.  I believe it is time for a few RFC
14768 specifications to cleam up this mess.</p>
14769
14770 <p>I would like to have one LDAP object representing each computer in
14771 the network, and this object can then keep the SMB (ie host key), DHCP
14772 (mac address/name) and DNS (name/IP address) settings in one place.
14773 It need to be efficently stored to make sure it scale well.</p>
14774
14775 <p>I would also like to have a quick way to map from a user or
14776 computer and to the net group this user or computer is a member.</p>
14777
14778 <p>Active Directory have done a better job than unix heads like myself
14779 in this regard, and the unix side need to catch up.  Time to start a
14780 new IETF work group?</p>
14781
14782       </div>
14783       <div class="tags">
14784
14785
14786         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14787
14788
14789       </div>
14790     </div>
14791     <div class="padding"></div>
14792
14793     <div class="entry">
14794       <div class="title">
14795         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_er_Debian_Lenny_gitt_ut.html">Endelig er Debian Lenny gitt ut</a>
14796       </div>
14797       <div class="date">
14798         15th February 2009
14799       </div>
14800       <div class="body">
14801         <p>Endelig er <a href="http://www.debian.org/">Debian</a>
14802 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2009/20090214">Lenny</a> gitt ut.
14803 Et langt steg videre for Debian-prosjektet, og en rekke nye
14804 programpakker blir nå tilgjengelig for de av oss som bruker den
14805 stabile utgaven av Debian.  Neste steg er nå å få
14806 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> /
14807 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/">Debian Edu</a> ferdig
14808 oppdatert for den nye utgaven, slik at en oppdatert versjon kan
14809 slippes løs på skolene.  Takk til alle debian-utviklerne som har
14810 gjort dette mulig.  Endelig er f.eks. fungerende avhengighetsstyrt
14811 bootsekvens tilgjengelig i stabil utgave, vha pakken
14812 <tt>insserv</tt>.</p>
14813
14814       </div>
14815       <div class="tags">
14816
14817
14818         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
14819
14820
14821       </div>
14822     </div>
14823     <div class="padding"></div>
14824
14825     <div class="entry">
14826       <div class="title">
14827         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_norsk_stavekontroll_med_st_tte_for_ord_med_bindestrek.html">Endelig norsk stavekontroll med støtte for ord med bindestrek</a>
14828       </div>
14829       <div class="date">
14830         26th December 2008
14831       </div>
14832       <div class="body">
14833         <p>Etter flere års mislykkede forsøk på å skrive om byggesystemet for
14834 <a href="http://no.speling.org/">den norske stavekontrollen for bokmål
14835 og nynorsk</a> til å ikke bruke bindestrek som ordskillemarkør, lyktes jeg
14836 endelig første juledag.  Bruken av bindestrek som ordskillemarkør har
14837 gjort det umulig å få med ord med bindestrek i
14838 stavekontrolldatagrunnlaget, slik at ord som e-post og CD-spiller ikke
14839 kunne godtas av stavekontrollen.  Hadde litt tid til overs å bruke på
14840 stavekontrollen, og satte meg ned med to kopier av byggsystemet og en
14841 liten testdatafil, og byttet ut - med = på utvalgte steder i
14842 byggsystemet og datafilen helt til jeg fikk samme resultat med det
14843 gamle og det nye byggsystemet.  Dette tror jeg var forsøk 4, der de
14844 foregående har feilet uten at jeg klarte å forstå hvorfor.  Det sier
14845 kanskje litt om kompleksiteten i det originale byggsystemet som Rune
14846 Kleveland laget i sin tid.</p>
14847
14848 <p>Etter å ha endret byggsystemet, var neste steg å importere ordene
14849 med bindestrek.  Vi har en rekke slike i databasene for
14850 <a href="http://tyge.sslug.dk/~korsvoll/nb.speling.org/htdocs/">bokmål</a>
14851 og
14852 <a href="http://tyge.sslug.dk/~korsvoll/nn.speling.org/htdocs/">nynorsk</a>
14853 for korrektur av datagrunnlaget for stavekontrollen, og etter importen
14854 skulle nå 10350 nye ord bli godkjent som korrekt stavede ord av
14855 stavekontrollen.</p>
14856
14857       </div>
14858       <div class="tags">
14859
14860
14861         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
14862
14863
14864       </div>
14865     </div>
14866     <div class="padding"></div>
14867
14868     <div class="entry">
14869       <div class="title">
14870         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Devcamp_brought_us_closer_to_the_Lenny_based_Debian_Edu_release.html">Devcamp brought us closer to the Lenny based Debian Edu release</a>
14871       </div>
14872       <div class="date">
14873          7th December 2008
14874       </div>
14875       <div class="body">
14876         <p>This weekend we had a small developer gathering for Debian Edu in
14877 Oslo.  Most of Saturday was used for the general assemly for the
14878 member organization, but the rest of the weekend I used to tune the
14879 LTSP installation.  LTSP now work out of the box on the 10-network.
14880 Acer Aspire One proved to be a very nice thin client, with both
14881 screen, mouse and keybard in a small box.  Was working on getting the
14882 diskless workstation setup configured out of the box, but did not
14883 finish it before the weekend was up.</p>
14884
14885 <p>Did not find time to look at the 4 VGA cards in one box we got from
14886 the Brazilian group, so that will have to wait for the next
14887 development gathering.  Would love to have the Debian Edu installer
14888 automatically detect and configure a multiseat setup when it find one
14889 of these cards.</p>
14890
14891       </div>
14892       <div class="tags">
14893
14894
14895         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp</a>.
14896
14897
14898       </div>
14899     </div>
14900     <div class="padding"></div>
14901
14902     <div class="entry">
14903       <div class="title">
14904         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_sorry_state_of_multimedia_browser_plugins_in_Debian.html">The sorry state of multimedia browser plugins in Debian</a>
14905       </div>
14906       <div class="date">
14907         25th November 2008
14908       </div>
14909       <div class="body">
14910         <p>Recently I have spent some time evaluating the multimedia browser
14911 plugins available in Debian Lenny, to see which one we should use by
14912 default in Debian Edu.  We need an embedded video playing plugin with
14913 control buttons to pause or stop the video, and capable of streaming
14914 all the multimedia content available on the web.  The test results and
14915 notes are available on
14916 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/BrowserMultimedia">the
14917 Debian wiki</a>.  I was surprised how few of the plugins are able to
14918 fill this need.  My personal video player favorite, VLC, has a really
14919 bad plugin which fail on a lot of the test pages.  A lot of the MIME
14920 types I would expect to work with any free software player (like
14921 video/ogg), just do not work.  And simple formats like the
14922 audio/x-mplegurl format (m3u playlists), just isn't supported by the
14923 totem and vlc plugins.  I hope the situation will improve soon.  No
14924 wonder sites use the proprietary Adobe flash to play video.</p>
14925
14926 <p>For Lenny, we seem to end up with the mplayer plugin.  It seem to
14927 be the only one fitting our needs. :/</p>
14928
14929       </div>
14930       <div class="tags">
14931
14932
14933         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
14934
14935
14936       </div>
14937     </div>
14938     <div class="padding"></div>
14939
14940     <p style="text-align: right;"><a href="debian edu.rss"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/xml.gif" alt="RSS Feed" width="36" height="14" /></a></p>
14941     <div id="sidebar">
14942
14943
14944
14945 <h2>Archive</h2>
14946 <ul>
14947
14948 <li>2019
14949 <ul>
14950
14951 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/01/">January (4)</a></li>
14952
14953 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/02/">February (3)</a></li>
14954
14955 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/03/">March (1)</a></li>
14956
14957 </ul></li>
14958
14959 <li>2018
14960 <ul>
14961
14962 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/01/">January (1)</a></li>
14963
14964 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/02/">February (5)</a></li>
14965
14966 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/03/">March (5)</a></li>
14967
14968 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/04/">April (3)</a></li>
14969
14970 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/06/">June (2)</a></li>
14971
14972 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/07/">July (5)</a></li>
14973
14974 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/08/">August (3)</a></li>
14975
14976 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/09/">September (3)</a></li>
14977
14978 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/10/">October (5)</a></li>
14979
14980 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/11/">November (2)</a></li>
14981
14982 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/12/">December (4)</a></li>
14983
14984 </ul></li>
14985
14986 <li>2017
14987 <ul>
14988
14989 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/01/">January (4)</a></li>
14990
14991 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/02/">February (3)</a></li>
14992
14993 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/03/">March (5)</a></li>
14994
14995 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/04/">April (2)</a></li>
14996
14997 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/06/">June (5)</a></li>
14998
14999 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/07/">July (1)</a></li>
15000
15001 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/08/">August (1)</a></li>
15002
15003 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/09/">September (3)</a></li>
15004
15005 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/10/">October (5)</a></li>
15006
15007 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/11/">November (3)</a></li>
15008
15009 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/12/">December (4)</a></li>
15010
15011 </ul></li>
15012
15013 <li>2016
15014 <ul>
15015
15016 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/01/">January (3)</a></li>
15017
15018 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/02/">February (2)</a></li>
15019
15020 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/03/">March (3)</a></li>
15021
15022 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/04/">April (8)</a></li>
15023
15024 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/05/">May (8)</a></li>
15025
15026 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/06/">June (2)</a></li>
15027
15028 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/07/">July (2)</a></li>
15029
15030 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/08/">August (5)</a></li>
15031
15032 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/09/">September (2)</a></li>
15033
15034 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/10/">October (3)</a></li>
15035
15036 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/11/">November (8)</a></li>
15037
15038 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/12/">December (5)</a></li>
15039
15040 </ul></li>
15041
15042 <li>2015
15043 <ul>
15044
15045 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/01/">January (7)</a></li>
15046
15047 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/02/">February (6)</a></li>
15048
15049 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/03/">March (1)</a></li>
15050
15051 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/04/">April (4)</a></li>
15052
15053 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/05/">May (3)</a></li>
15054
15055 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/06/">June (4)</a></li>
15056
15057 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/07/">July (6)</a></li>
15058
15059 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/08/">August (2)</a></li>
15060
15061 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/09/">September (2)</a></li>
15062
15063 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/10/">October (9)</a></li>
15064
15065 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/11/">November (6)</a></li>
15066
15067 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/12/">December (3)</a></li>
15068
15069 </ul></li>
15070
15071 <li>2014
15072 <ul>
15073
15074 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/01/">January (2)</a></li>
15075
15076 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/02/">February (3)</a></li>
15077
15078 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/03/">March (8)</a></li>
15079
15080 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/04/">April (7)</a></li>
15081
15082 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/05/">May (1)</a></li>
15083
15084 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/06/">June (2)</a></li>
15085
15086 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/07/">July (2)</a></li>
15087
15088 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/08/">August (2)</a></li>
15089
15090 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/09/">September (5)</a></li>
15091
15092 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/10/">October (6)</a></li>
15093
15094 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/11/">November (3)</a></li>
15095
15096 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/12/">December (5)</a></li>
15097
15098 </ul></li>
15099
15100 <li>2013
15101 <ul>
15102
15103 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/01/">January (11)</a></li>
15104
15105 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/02/">February (9)</a></li>
15106
15107 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/03/">March (9)</a></li>
15108
15109 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/04/">April (6)</a></li>
15110
15111 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/05/">May (9)</a></li>
15112
15113 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/06/">June (10)</a></li>
15114
15115 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/07/">July (7)</a></li>
15116
15117 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/08/">August (3)</a></li>
15118
15119 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/09/">September (5)</a></li>
15120
15121 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/10/">October (7)</a></li>
15122
15123 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/11/">November (9)</a></li>
15124
15125 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/12/">December (3)</a></li>
15126
15127 </ul></li>
15128
15129 <li>2012
15130 <ul>
15131
15132 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/01/">January (7)</a></li>
15133
15134 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/02/">February (10)</a></li>
15135
15136 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/03/">March (17)</a></li>
15137
15138 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/04/">April (12)</a></li>
15139
15140 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/05/">May (12)</a></li>
15141
15142 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/06/">June (20)</a></li>
15143
15144 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/07/">July (17)</a></li>
15145
15146 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/08/">August (6)</a></li>
15147
15148 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/09/">September (9)</a></li>
15149
15150 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/10/">October (17)</a></li>
15151
15152 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/11/">November (10)</a></li>
15153
15154 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/12/">December (7)</a></li>
15155
15156 </ul></li>
15157
15158 <li>2011
15159 <ul>
15160
15161 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/01/">January (16)</a></li>
15162
15163 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/02/">February (6)</a></li>
15164
15165 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/03/">March (6)</a></li>
15166
15167 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/04/">April (7)</a></li>
15168
15169 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/05/">May (3)</a></li>
15170
15171 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/06/">June (2)</a></li>
15172
15173 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/07/">July (7)</a></li>
15174
15175 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/08/">August (6)</a></li>
15176
15177 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/09/">September (4)</a></li>
15178
15179 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/10/">October (2)</a></li>
15180
15181 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/11/">November (3)</a></li>
15182
15183 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/12/">December (1)</a></li>
15184
15185 </ul></li>
15186
15187 <li>2010
15188 <ul>
15189
15190 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/01/">January (2)</a></li>
15191
15192 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/02/">February (1)</a></li>
15193
15194 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/03/">March (3)</a></li>
15195
15196 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/04/">April (3)</a></li>
15197
15198 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/05/">May (9)</a></li>
15199
15200 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/06/">June (14)</a></li>
15201
15202 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/07/">July (12)</a></li>
15203
15204 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/08/">August (13)</a></li>
15205
15206 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/09/">September (7)</a></li>
15207
15208 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/10/">October (9)</a></li>
15209
15210 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/11/">November (13)</a></li>
15211
15212 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/12/">December (12)</a></li>
15213
15214 </ul></li>
15215
15216 <li>2009
15217 <ul>
15218
15219 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/01/">January (8)</a></li>
15220
15221 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/02/">February (8)</a></li>
15222
15223 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/03/">March (12)</a></li>
15224
15225 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/04/">April (10)</a></li>
15226
15227 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/05/">May (9)</a></li>
15228
15229 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/06/">June (3)</a></li>
15230
15231 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/07/">July (4)</a></li>
15232
15233 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/08/">August (3)</a></li>
15234
15235 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/09/">September (1)</a></li>
15236
15237 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/10/">October (2)</a></li>
15238
15239 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/11/">November (3)</a></li>
15240
15241 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/12/">December (3)</a></li>
15242
15243 </ul></li>
15244
15245 <li>2008
15246 <ul>
15247
15248 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/11/">November (5)</a></li>
15249
15250 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/12/">December (7)</a></li>
15251
15252 </ul></li>
15253
15254 </ul>
15255
15256
15257
15258 <h2>Tags</h2>
15259 <ul>
15260
15261  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/3d-printer">3d-printer (16)</a></li>
15262
15263  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/amiga">amiga (1)</a></li>
15264
15265  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/aros">aros (1)</a></li>
15266
15267  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bankid">bankid (4)</a></li>
15268
15269  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/betalkontant">betalkontant (8)</a></li>
15270
15271  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bitcoin">bitcoin (11)</a></li>
15272
15273  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem (17)</a></li>
15274
15275  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bsa">bsa (2)</a></li>
15276
15277  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/chrpath">chrpath (2)</a></li>
15278
15279  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian (167)</a></li>
15280
15281  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu (158)</a></li>
15282
15283  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian-handbook">debian-handbook (4)</a></li>
15284
15285  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/digistan">digistan (11)</a></li>
15286
15287  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/dld">dld (17)</a></li>
15288
15289  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook (25)</a></li>
15290
15291  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/drivstoffpriser">drivstoffpriser (4)</a></li>
15292
15293  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english (398)</a></li>
15294
15295  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fiksgatami">fiksgatami (23)</a></li>
15296
15297  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fildeling">fildeling (14)</a></li>
15298
15299  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture (33)</a></li>
15300
15301  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freedombox">freedombox (9)</a></li>
15302
15303  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/frikanalen">frikanalen (20)</a></li>
15304
15305  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/h264">h264 (20)</a></li>
15306
15307  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju (42)</a></li>
15308
15309  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram (16)</a></li>
15310
15311  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kart">kart (20)</a></li>
15312
15313  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kodi">kodi (4)</a></li>
15314
15315  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap (9)</a></li>
15316
15317  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lego">lego (4)</a></li>
15318
15319  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker (8)</a></li>
15320
15321  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lsdvd">lsdvd (2)</a></li>
15322
15323  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp (1)</a></li>
15324
15325  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/mesh network">mesh network (8)</a></li>
15326
15327  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia (42)</a></li>
15328
15329  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nice free software">nice free software (11)</a></li>
15330
15331  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk (305)</a></li>
15332
15333  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug (192)</a></li>
15334
15335  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn (35)</a></li>
15336
15337  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/open311">open311 (2)</a></li>
15338
15339  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett (73)</a></li>
15340
15341  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern (108)</a></li>
15342
15343  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/raid">raid (2)</a></li>
15344
15345  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reactos">reactos (1)</a></li>
15346
15347  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reprap">reprap (11)</a></li>
15348
15349  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rfid">rfid (3)</a></li>
15350
15351  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/robot">robot (11)</a></li>
15352
15353  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rss">rss (1)</a></li>
15354
15355  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ruter">ruter (7)</a></li>
15356
15357  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/scraperwiki">scraperwiki (2)</a></li>
15358
15359  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet (55)</a></li>
15360
15361  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary (4)</a></li>
15362
15363  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/skepsis">skepsis (5)</a></li>
15364
15365  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard (59)</a></li>
15366
15367  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll (6)</a></li>
15368
15369  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stortinget">stortinget (12)</a></li>
15370
15371  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance (55)</a></li>
15372
15373  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sysadmin">sysadmin (4)</a></li>
15374
15375  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/usenix">usenix (2)</a></li>
15376
15377  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/valg">valg (9)</a></li>
15378
15379  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/verkidetfri">verkidetfri (15)</a></li>
15380
15381  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video (73)</a></li>
15382
15383  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/vitenskap">vitenskap (4)</a></li>
15384
15385  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web (42)</a></li>
15386
15387 </ul>
15388
15389
15390     </div>
15391     <p style="text-align: right">
15392  Created by <a href="http://steve.org.uk/Software/chronicle">Chronicle v4.6</a>
15393 </p>
15394
15395   </body>
15396 </html>