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  13  <h1>
  14      <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/">Petter Reinholdtsen</a>
  15
  16  </h1>
  17
  18 </div>
  19
  20
  21     <h3>Entries tagged "debian edu".</h3>
  22
  23     <div class="entry">
  24       <div class="title">
  25         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_GNU_General_Public_License__is_not_magic_pixie_dust_.html">The GNU General Public License  is not magic pixie dust"</a>
  26       </div>
  27       <div class="date">
  28         30th November 2015
  29       </div>
  30       <div class="body">
  31         <p>A blog post from my fellow Debian developer Paul Wise titled
  32 "<a href="http://bonedaddy.net/pabs3/log/2015/11/27/sfc-supporter/">The
  33 GPL is not magic pixie dust</a>" explain the importance of making sure
  34 the <a href="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html>GPL</a> is enforced.
  35 I quote the blog post from Paul in full here with his permission:<p>
  36
  37 <blockquote>
  38
  39 <p><a href="https://sfconservancy.org/supporter/"><img src="https://sfconservancy.org/img/supporter-badge.png" width="194" height="90" alt="Become a Software Freedom Conservancy Supporter!" align="right" border="0" /></a></p>
  40
  41 <blockquote>
  42 The GPL is not magic pixie dust. It does not work by itself.<br/>
  43
  44 The first step is to choose a
  45 <a href="https://copyleft.org/">copyleft</a> license for your
  46 code.<br/>
  47
  48 The next step is, when someone fails to follow that copyleft license,
  49 <b>it must be enforced</b><br/>
  50
  51 and its a simple fact of our modern society that such type of
  52 work<br/>
  53
  54 is incredibly expensive to do and incredibly difficult to do.
  55 </blockquote>
  56
  57 <p><small>-- <a href="http://ebb.org/bkuhn/">Bradley Kuhn</a>, in
  58 <a href="http://faif.us/" title="Free as in Freedom">FaiF</a>
  59 <a href="http://faif.us/cast/2015/nov/24/0x57/">episode
  60 0x57</a></small></p>
  61
  62 <p>As the Debian Website
  63 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/794116">used</a>
  64 <a href="https://anonscm.debian.org/viewvc/webwml/webwml/english/intro/free.wml?r1=1.24&amp;r2=1.25">to</a>
  65 imply, public domain and permissively licensed software can lead to
  66 the production of more proprietary software as people discover useful
  67 software, extend it and or incorporate it into their hardware or
  68 software products.  Copyleft licenses such as the GNU GPL were created
  69 to close off this avenue to the production of proprietary software but
  70 such licenses are not enough.  With the ongoing adoption of Free
  71 Software by individuals and groups, inevitably the community's
  72 expectations of license compliance are violated, usually out of
  73 ignorance of the way Free Software works, but not always.  As Karen
  74 and Bradley explained in <a href="http://faif.us/" title="Free as in
  75 Freedom">FaiF</a>
  76 <a href="http://faif.us/cast/2015/nov/24/0x57/">episode 0x57</a>,
  77 copyleft is nothing if no-one is willing and able to stand up in court
  78 to protect it.  The reality of today's world is that legal
  79 representation is expensive, difficult and time consuming.  With
  80 <a href="http://gpl-violations.org/">gpl-violations.org</a> in hiatus
  81 <a href="http://gpl-violations.org/news/20151027-homepage-recovers/">until</a>
  82 some time in 2016, the <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/">Software
  83 Freedom Conservancy</a> (a tax-exempt charity) is the major defender
  84 of the Linux project, Debian and other groups against GPL violations.
  85 In March the SFC supported a
  86 <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/news/2015/mar/05/vmware-lawsuit/">lawsuit
  87 by Christoph Hellwig</a> against VMware for refusing to
  88 <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/linux-compliance/vmware-lawsuit-faq.html">comply
  89 with the GPL</a> in relation to their use of parts of the Linux
  90 kernel.  Since then two of their sponsors pulled corporate funding and
  91 conferences
  92 <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/blog/2015/nov/24/faif-carols-fundraiser/">blocked
  93 or cancelled their talks</a>.  As a result they have decided to rely
  94 less on corporate funding and more on the broad community of
  95 individuals who support Free Software and copyleft.  So the SFC has
  96 <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/news/2015/nov/23/2015fundraiser/">launched</a>
  97 a <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/supporter/">campaign</a> to create
  98 a community of folks who stand up for copyleft and the GPL by
  99 supporting their work on promoting and supporting copyleft and Free
 100 Software.</p>
 101
 102 <p>If you support Free Software,
 103 <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/blog/2015/nov/26/like-what-I-do/">like</a>
 104 what the SFC do, agree with their
 105 <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/linux-compliance/principles.html">compliance
 106 principles</a>, are happy about their
 107 <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/supporter/">successes</a> in 2015,
 108 work on a project that is an SFC
 109 <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/members/current/">member</a> and or
 110 just want to stand up for copyleft, please join
 111 <a href="https://identi.ca/cwebber/image/JQGPA4qbTyyp3-MY8QpvuA">Christopher
 112 Allan Webber</a>,
 113 <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/blog/2015/nov/24/faif-carols-fundraiser/">Carol
 114 Smith</a>,
 115 <a href="http://www.jonobacon.org/2015/11/25/supporting-software-freedom-conservancy/">Jono
 116 Bacon</a>, myself and
 117 <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/sponsors/#supporters">others</a> in
 118 becoming a
 119 <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/supporter/">supporter</a>.  For the
 120 next week your donation will be
 121 <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/news/2015/nov/27/black-friday/">matched</a>
 122 by an anonymous donor.  Please also consider asking your employer to
 123 match your donation or become a sponsor of SFC.  Don't forget to
 124 spread the word about your support for SFC via email, your blog and or
 125 social media accounts.</p>
 126
 127 </blockquote>
 128
 129 <p>I agree with Paul on this topic and just signed up as a Supporter
 130 of Software Freedom Conservancy myself.  Perhaps you should be a
 131 supporter too?</p>
 132
 133       </div>
 134       <div class="tags">
 135
 136
 137         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett</a>.
 138
 139
 140       </div>
 141     </div>
 142     <div class="padding"></div>
 143
 144     <div class="entry">
 145       <div class="title">
 146         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Jessie_based_Debian_Edu_beta_release.html">First Jessie based Debian Edu beta release</a>
 147       </div>
 148       <div class="date">
 149         26th April 2015
 150       </div>
 151       <div class="body">
 152         <p>I am happy to report that the Debian Edu team sent out
 153 <a href="https://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2015/04/msg00000.html">this
 154 announcement today</a>:</p>
 155
 156 <pre>
 157 the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project is pleased to announce the first
 158 *beta* release of Debian Edu "Jessie" 8.0+edu0~b1, which for the first
 159 time is composed entirely of packages from the current Debian stable
 160 release, Debian 8 "Jessie".
 161
 162 (As most reading this will know, Debian "Jessie" hasn't actually been
 163 released by now. The release is still in progress but should finish
 164 later today ;)
 165
 166 We expect to make a final release of Debian Edu "Jessie" in the coming
 167 weeks, timed with the first point release of Debian Jessie. Upgrades
 168 from this beta release of Debian Edu Jessie to the final release will
 169 be possible and encouraged!
 170
 171 Please report feedback to debian-edu@lists.debian.org and/or submit
 172 bugs: http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs
 173
 174 Debian Edu - sometimes also known as "Skolelinux" - is a complete
 175 operating system for schools, universities and other
 176 organisations. Through its pre- prepared installation profiles
 177 administrators can install servers, workstations and laptops which
 178 will work in harmony on the school network.  With Debian Edu, the
 179 teachers themselves or their technical support staff can roll out a
 180 complete multi-user, multi-machine study environment within hours or
 181 days.
 182
 183 Debian Edu is already in use at several hundred schools all over the
 184 world, particularly in Germany, Spain and Norway. Installations come
 185 with hundreds of applications pre-installed, plus the whole Debian
 186 archive of thousands of compatible packages within easy reach.
 187
 188 For those who want to give Debian Edu Jessie a try, download and
 189 installation instructions are available, including detailed
 190 instructions in the manual explaining the first steps, such as setting
 191 up a network or adding users.  Please note that the password for the
 192 user your prompted for during installation must have a length of at
 193 least 5 characters!
 194
 195 == Where to download ==
 196
 197 A multi-architecture CD / usbstick image (649 MiB) for network booting
 198 can be downloaded at the following locations:
 199
 200     http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~b1-CD.iso
 201     rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~b1-CD.iso .
 202
 203 The SHA1SUM of this image is: 54a524d16246cddd8d2cfd6ea52f2dd78c47ee0a
 204
 205 Alternatively an extended DVD / usbstick image (4.9 GiB) is also
 206 available, with more software included (saving additional download
 207 time):
 208
 209     http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~b1-USB.iso
 210     rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~b1-USB.iso
 211
 212 The SHA1SUM of this image is: fb1f1504a490c077a48653898f9d6a461cb3c636
 213
 214 Sources are available from the Debian archive, see
 215 http://ftp.debian.org/debian-cd/8.0.0/source/ for some download
 216 options.
 217
 218 == Debian Edu Jessie manual in seven languages ==
 219
 220 Please see https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie/ for
 221 the English version of the Debian Edu jessie manual.
 222
 223 This manual has been fully translated to German, French, Italian,
 224 Danish, Dutch and Norwegian Bokmål. A partly translated version exists
 225 for Spanish.  See http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/ for
 226 online version of the translated manual.
 227
 228 More information about Debian 8 "Jessie" itself is provided in the
 229 release notes and the installation manual:
 230 - http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/releasenotes
 231 - http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/installmanual
 232
 233
 234 == Errata / known problems ==
 235
 236     It takes up to 15 minutes for a changed hostname to be updated via
 237     DHCP (#780461).
 238
 239     The hostname script fails to update LTSP server hostname (#783087).
 240
 241 Workaround: run update-hostname-from-ip on the client to update the
 242 hostname immediately.
 243
 244 Check https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie for a possibly
 245 more current and complete list.
 246
 247 == Some more details about Debian Edu 8.0+edu0~b1 Codename Jessie released 2015-04-25 ==
 248
 249 === Software updates ===
 250
 251 Everything which is new in Debian 8 Jessie, e.g.:
 252
 253  * Linux kernel 3.16.7-ctk9; for the i386 architecture, support for
 254    i486 processors has been dropped; oldest supported ones: i586 (like
 255    Intel Pentium and AMD K5).
 256
 257  * Desktop environments KDE Plasma Workspaces 4.11.13, GNOME 3.14,
 258    Xfce 4.12, LXDE 0.5.6
 259    * new optional desktop environment: MATE 1.8
 260    * KDE Plasma Workspaces is installed by default; to choose one of
 261      the others see the manual.
 262  * the browsers Iceweasel 31 ESR and Chromium 41
 263  * LibreOffice 4.3.3
 264  * GOsa 2.7.4
 265  * LTSP 5.5.4
 266  * CUPS print system 1.7.5
 267  * new boot framework: systemd
 268  * Educational toolbox GCompris 14.12
 269  * Music creator Rosegarden 14.02
 270  * Image editor Gimp 2.8.14
 271  * Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.13.1
 272  * golearn 0.9
 273  * tuxpaint 0.9.22
 274  * New version of debian-installer from Debian Jessie.
 275  * Debian Jessie includes about 43000 packages available for installation.
 276  * More information about Debian 8 Jessie is provided in its release
 277    notes and the installation manual, see the link above.
 278
 279 === Installation changes ===
 280
 281     Installations done via PXE now also install firmware automatically
 282     for the hardware present.
 283
 284 === Fixed bugs ===
 285
 286 A number of bugs have been fixed in this release; the most noticeable
 287 from a user perspective:
 288
 289  * Inserting incorrect DNS information in Gosa will no longer break
 290    DNS completely, but instead stop DNS updates until the incorrect
 291    information is corrected (710362)
 292
 293  * shutdown-at-night now shuts the system down if gdm3 is used (775608).
 294
 295 === Sugar desktop removed ===
 296
 297 As the Sugar desktop was removed from Debian Jessie, it is also not
 298 available in Debian Edu jessie.
 299
 300
 301 == About Debian Edu / Skolelinux ==
 302
 303 Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux, is a Linux distribution based on
 304 Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
 305 configured school network. Directly after installation a school server
 306 running all services needed for a school network is set up just
 307 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
 308 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
 309 initial installation of the main server from CD or USB stick all other
 310 machines can be installed via the network. The provided school server
 311 provides LDAP database and Kerberos authentication service,
 312 centralized home directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other
 313 services.  The desktop contains more than 60 educational software
 314 packages and more are available from the Debian archive, and schools
 315 can choose between KDE, GNOME, LXDE, Xfce and MATE desktop
 316 environment.
 317
 318 == About Debian ==
 319
 320 The Debian Project was founded in 1993 by Ian Murdock to be a truly
 321 free community project. Since then the project has grown to be one of
 322 the largest and most influential open source projects. Thousands of
 323 volunteers from all over the world work together to create and
 324 maintain Debian software. Available in 70 languages, and supporting a
 325 huge range of computer types, Debian calls itself the universal
 326 operating system.
 327
 328 == Thanks ==
 329
 330 Thanks to everyone making Debian and Debian Edu / Skolelinux happen!
 331 You rock.
 332 </pre>
 333
 334       </div>
 335       <div class="tags">
 336
 337
 338         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 339
 340
 341       </div>
 342     </div>
 343     <div class="padding"></div>
 344
 345     <div class="entry">
 346       <div class="title">
 347         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Shirish_Agarwal.html">Debian Edu interview: Shirish Agarwal</a>
 348       </div>
 349       <div class="date">
 350         15th April 2015
 351       </div>
 352       <div class="body">
 353         <p>It was a surprise to me to learn that project to create a complete
 354 computer system for schools I've involved in,
 355 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>, was
 356 being used in India.  But apparently it is, and I managed to get an
 357 interview with one of the friends of the project there, Shirish
 358 Agarwal.</p>
 359
 360 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
 361
 362 <p>My name is Shirish Agarwal. Based out of the educational and
 363 historical city of Pune, from the western state of Maharashtra, India.
 364 My bread comes from giving training, giving policy tips,
 365 installations on free software to mom and pop shops in different
 366 fields from Desktop publishing to retail shops as well as work with
 367 few software start-ups as well.</p>
 368
 369 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
 370 project?</strong></p>
 371
 372 <p>It started innocently enough. I have been using Debian for a few
 373 years and in one local minidebconf / debutsav I was asked if there was
 374 anything for schools or education. I had worked / played with free
 375 educational softwares such as Gcompris and Stellarium for my many
 376 nieces and nephews so researched and found Debian Edu or Skolelinux as
 377 it was known then.  Since then I have started using the various
 378 education meta-packages provided by the project.</p>
 379
 380 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 381 Edu?</strong></p>
 382
 383 <p>It's closest I have seen where a package full of educational
 384 software are packed, which are free and open (both literally and
 385 figuratively).  Even if I take the simplest software which is
 386 gcompris, the number of activities therein are amazing. Another one of
 387 the softwares that I have liked for a long time is stellarium. Even
 388 pysycache is cool except for couple of issues I encountered
 389 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/781841">#781841</a> and
 390 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/781842">#781842</a>.</p>
 391
 392 <p>I prefer software installed on the system over web based solutions,
 393 as a web site can disappear any time but the software on disk has the
 394 possibility of a larger life span.  Of course with both it's more a
 395 question if it has enough users who make it fun or sustainable or both
 396 for the developer per-se.</p>
 397
 398 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 399 Edu?</strong></p>
 400
 401 <p>I do see that the Debian Edu team seems to be short-handed and I
 402 think more efforts should be made to make it popular and ask and take
 403 help from people and the larger community wherever possible.</p>
 404
 405 <p>I don't see any disadvantage to use Skolelinux apart from the fact
 406 that most apps. are generic which is good or bad how you see it.
 407 However, saying that I do acknowledge the fact that the canvas is
 408 pretty big and there are lot of interesting ideas that could be done
 409 but for reasons not known not done or if done I don't know about them.
 410 Let me share some of the ideas (these are more upstream based but
 411 still) I have had for a long time :</p>
 412
 413 <p>1. Classical maths question of two trains in opposing directions
 414 each running @x kmph/mph at y distance, when they will meet and how
 415 far would each travel and similar questions like these.
 416
 417 <p>The computer is a fantastic system where questions like these can
 418 be drawn, animated and the methodology and answers teased out in
 419 interactive manner. While sites such as the
 420 <a href="http://mathforum.org/dr.math/faq/faq.two.trains.html">Ask
 421 Dr. Math FAQ on The Two Trains problem</a> (as an example or point of
 422 inspiration) can be used there is lot more that can be done.  I dunno
 423 if there is a free software which does something like this.  The idea
 424 being a blend of objects + animation + interaction which does
 425 this. The whole interaction could be gamified with points or sounds or
 426 colourful celebration whenever the user gets even part of the question
 427 or/and methodology right. That would help reinforce good behaviour.
 428 This understanding could be used to share/showcase everything from how
 429 the first wheel came to be, to evolution to how astronomy started,
 430 psychics and everything in-between.</p>
 431
 432 <p>One specific idea in the train part was having the Linux mascot on
 433 one train and the BSD or GNU mascot on the other train and they
 434 meeting somewhere in-between. Characters from blender movies could
 435 also be used.</p>
 436
 437 <p>2. Loads of crossword-puzzles with reference to subjects: We have
 438 enormous data sets in Wikipedia and Wikitionary.  I don't think it
 439 should be a big job to design crossword puzzles. Using categories and
 440 sub-categories it should be doable to have Q&A single word answers
 441 from the existing data-sets. What would make it easy or hard could be
 442 the length of the word + existence of many or few vowels depending on
 443 the user's input.</p>
 444
 445 <p>3. Jigsaw puzzles - We already have a great software called
 446 palapeli with number of slicers making it pretty interesting. What
 447 needs to be done is to download large number of public domain and
 448 copyleft images, tease and use IPTC tags to categorise them into
 449 nature, history etc.  and let it loose. This could turn to be really
 450 huge collection of images. One source could be taken from
 451 commons.wikimedia.org, others could be huge collection of royalty-free
 452 stock photos. Potential is immense.</p>
 453
 454 <p>Apart from this, free software suffers in two directions, we lag
 455 both in development (of using new features per-se) and maintenance a
 456 lot.  This is more so in educational software as these applications
 457 need to be timely and the opportunity cost of missing deadlines is
 458 immense. If we are able to solve issues of funding for development and
 459 maintenance of such software I don't see any big difficulties. I know
 460 of few start-ups in and around India who would love to develop and
 461 maintain such software if funding issues could be solved.</p>
 462
 463 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
 464
 465 <p>That would be huge list. Some of the softwares are obviously apt,
 466 aptitude, debdelta, leafpad, the shell of course (zsh nowadays),
 467 quassel for IRC. In games I use shisen-sho while card-games are evenly
 468 between kpat and Aiselriot.  In desktops it's a tie between
 469 gnome-flashback and mate.</p>
 470
 471 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
 472 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
 473
 474 <p>I think it should first start with using specific FOSS apps. in
 475 whatever environment they are. If it's MS-Windows or Mac so be it.
 476 Once they are habitual with the apps. and there is buy-in from the
 477 school management then it could be installed anywhere. Most of the
 478 people now understand the concept of a repository because of the
 479 various online stores so it isn't hard to convince on that front.</p>
 480
 481 <p>What is harder is having enough people with technical skills and
 482 passion to service them. If you get buy-in from one or two teachers
 483 then ideas like above could also be asked to be done as a project as
 484 well.</p>
 485
 486 <p>I think where we fall short more than anything is in marketing. For
 487 instance, Debian has this whole range of fonts in its archive but
 488 there isn't even a page where all those different fonts in the La
 489 Ipsum format could be tried out for newcomers.</p>
 490
 491 <p>One of the issues faced constantly in installations is with updates
 492 and upgrades.  People have this myth that each update and upgrade
 493 means the user interface will / has to change. I have seen this
 494 innumerable times.  That perhaps is one of the reasons which browsers
 495 like Iceweasel / Firefox change user interfaces so much, not because
 496 it might be needed or be functional but because people believe that
 497 changed user interfaces are better. This, can easily be pointed with
 498 the user interfaces changed with almost every MS-Windows and Mac OS
 499 releases.</p>
 500
 501 <p>The problems with Debian Edu for deployment are many. The biggest
 502 is the huge gap between what is taught in schools and what Debian Edu
 503 is aimed at.
 504
 505 <p>Me and my friends did teach on week-ends in a government school for
 506 around 2 years, and
 507 <a href="https://flossexperiences.wordpress.com/2012/10/08/sharings/">gathered
 508 some experience</a> there.  Some of the things we learnt/discovered
 509 there was :</p>
 510
 511 <ol>
 512
 513   <li>Most of the teachers are very territorial about their subjects
 514    and they do not want you to teach anything out of the
 515    portion/syllabus given.</li>
 516
 517   <li>They want any activity on the system in accordance to whatever
 518    is in the syllabus.</li>
 519
 520   <li>There are huge barriers both with the English language and at
 521    times with objects or whatever. An example, let's say in gcompris
 522    you have objects falling down and you have to name them and let's
 523    say the falling object is a hat or a fedora hat, this would not be
 524    as recognizable as say a
 525    <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puneri_Pagadi">Puneri
 526    Pagdi</a> so there is need to inject local objects, words wherever
 527    possible. Especially for word-games there are so many hindi words
 528    which have become part of english vocabulary (for instance in
 529    parley), those could be made into a hinglish collection or
 530    something but that is something for upstream to do.</li>
 531
 532 </ol>
 533
 534       </div>
 535       <div class="tags">
 536
 537
 538         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
 539
 540
 541       </div>
 542     </div>
 543     <div class="padding"></div>
 544
 545     <div class="entry">
 546       <div class="title">
 547         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Jessie_based_Debian_Edu_released__alpha0_.html">First Jessie based Debian Edu released (alpha0)</a>
 548       </div>
 549       <div class="date">
 550         27th October 2014
 551       </div>
 552       <div class="body">
 553         <p>I am happy to report that I on behalf of the Debian Edu team just
 554 sent out
 555 <a href="https://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2014/10/msg00000.html">this
 556 announcement</a>:</p>
 557
 558 <pre>
 559 The Debian Edu Team is pleased to announce the release of Debian Edu
 560 Jessie 8.0+edu0~alpha0
 561
 562 Debian Edu is a complete operating system for schools. Through its
 563 various installation profiles you can install servers, workstations
 564 and laptops which will work together on the school network. With
 565 Debian Edu, the teachers themselves or their technical support can
 566 roll out a complete multi-user multi-machine study environment within
 567 hours or a few days. Debian Edu comes with hundreds of applications
 568 pre-installed, but you can always add more packages from Debian.
 569
 570 For those who want to give Debian Edu Jessie a try, download and
 571 installation instructions are available, including detailed
 572 instructions in the manual[1] explaining the first steps, such as
 573 setting up a network or adding users. Please note that the password
 574 for the user your prompted for during installation must have a length
 575 of at least 5 characters!
 576
 577  [1] &lt;URL: <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie">https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie</a> &gt;
 578
 579 Would you like to give your school's computer a longer life? Are you
 580 tired of sneaker administration, running from computer to computer
 581 reinstalling the operating system? Would you like to administrate all
 582 the computers in your school using only a couple of hours every week?
 583 Check out Debian Edu Jessie!
 584
 585 Skolelinux is used by at least two hundred schools all over the world,
 586 mostly in Germany and Norway.
 587
 588 About Debian Edu and Skolelinux
 589 ===============================
 590
 591 Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux[2], is a Linux distribution based
 592 on Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
 593 configured school network. Immediately after installation a school
 594 server running all services needed for a school network is set up just
 595 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
 596 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
 597 initial installation of the main server from CD or USB stick all other
 598 machines can be installed via the network.  The provided school server
 599 provides LDAP database and Kerberos authentication service,
 600 centralized home directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other
 601 services.  The desktop contains more than 60 educational software
 602 packages[3] and more are available from the Debian archive, and
 603 schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE, Xfce and MATE desktop
 604 environment.
 605
 606  [2] &lt;URL: <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">http://www.skolelinux.org/</a> &gt;
 607  [3] &lt;URL: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html</a> &gt;
 608
 609 Full release notes and manual
 610 =============================
 611
 612 Below the download URLs there is a list of some of the new features
 613 and bugfixes of Debian Edu 8.0+edu0~alpha0 Codename Jessie. The full
 614 list is part of the manual. (See the feature list in the manual[4] for
 615 the English version.) For some languages manual translations are
 616 available, see the manual translation overview[5].
 617
 618  [4] &lt;URL: <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie/Features">https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie/Features</a> &gt;
 619  [5] &lt;URL: <a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/">http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/</a> &gt;
 620
 621 Where to get it
 622 ---------------
 623
 624 To download the multiarch netinstall CD release (624 MiB) you can use
 625
 626  * <a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso</a>
 627  * <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso</a>
 628  * rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso .
 629
 630 The SHA1SUM of this image is: 361188818e036ce67280a572f757de82ebfeb095
 631
 632 New features for Debian Edu 8.0+edu0~alpha0 Codename Jessie released 2014-10-27
 633 ===============================================================================
 634
 635
 636 Installation changes
 637 --------------------
 638
 639  * PXE installation now installs firmware automatically for the hardware present.
 640
 641 Software updates
 642 ----------------
 643
 644 Everything which is new in Debian Jessie 8.0, eg:
 645
 646  * Linux kernel 3.16.x
 647  * Desktop environments KDE "Plasma" 4.11.12, GNOME 3.14, Xfce 4.10,
 648    LXDE 0.5.6 and MATE 1.8 (KDE "Plasma" is installed by default; to
 649    choose one of the others see manual.)
 650  * the browsers Iceweasel 31 ESR and Chromium 38
 651  * !LibreOffice 4.3.3
 652  * GOsa 2.7.4
 653  * LTSP 5.5.4
 654  * CUPS print system 1.7.5
 655  * new boot framework: systemd
 656  * Educational toolbox GCompris 14.07
 657  * Music creator Rosegarden 14.02
 658  * Image editor Gimp 2.8.14
 659  * Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.13.0
 660  * golearn 0.9
 661  * tuxpaint 0.9.22
 662  * New version of debian-installer from Debian Jessie.
 663  * Debian Jessie includes about 42000 packages available for
 664    installation.
 665  * More information about Debian Jessie 8.0 is provided in the release
 666    notes[6] and the installation manual[7].
 667
 668  [6] &lt;URL: <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/releasenotes">http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/releasenotes</a> &gt;
 669  [7] &lt;URL: <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/installmanual">http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/installmanual</a> &gt;
 670
 671 Fixed bugs
 672 ----------
 673
 674  * Inserting incorrect DNS information in Gosa will no longer break
 675    DNS completely, but instead stop DNS updates until the incorrect
 676    information is corrected (Debian bug #710362)
 677  * and many others.
 678
 679 Documentation and translation updates
 680 -------------------------------------
 681
 682  * The Debian Edu Jessie Manual is fully translated to German, French,
 683    Italian, Danish and Dutch. Partly translated versions exist for
 684    Norwegian Bokmal and Spanish.
 685
 686 Other changes
 687 -------------
 688
 689  * Due to new Squid settings, powering off or rebooting the main
 690    server takes more time.
 691  * To manage printers localhost:631 has to be used, currently www:631
 692    doesn't work.
 693
 694 Regressions / known problems
 695 ----------------------------
 696
 697  * Installing LTSP chroot fails with a bug related to eatmydata about
 698    exim4-config failing to run its postinst (see Debian bug #765694
 699    and Debian bug #762103).
 700  * Munin collection is not properly configured on clients (Debian bug
 701    #764594).  The fix is available in a newer version of munin-node.
 702  * PXE setup for Main Server and Thin Client Server setup does not
 703    work when installing on a machine without direct Internet access.
 704    Will be fixed when Debian bug #766960 is fixed in Jessie.
 705
 706 See the status page[8] for the complete list.
 707
 708  [8] &lt;URL: <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie">https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie</a> &gt;
 709
 710 How to report bugs
 711 ------------------
 712
 713 &lt;URL: <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a> &gt;
 714
 715 About Debian
 716 ============
 717
 718 The Debian Project was founded in 1993 by Ian Murdock to be a truly
 719 free community project. Since then the project has grown to be one of
 720 the largest and most influential open source projects. Thousands of
 721 volunteers from all over the world work together to create and
 722 maintain Debian software. Available in 70 languages, and supporting a
 723 huge range of computer types, Debian calls itself the universal
 724 operating system.
 725
 726 Contact Information
 727 For further information, please visit the Debian web pages[9] or send
 728 mail to press@debian.org.
 729
 730  [9] &lt;URL: <a href="http://www.debian.org/">http://www.debian.org/</a> &gt;
 731 </pre>
 732
 733       </div>
 734       <div class="tags">
 735
 736
 737         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 738
 739
 740       </div>
 741     </div>
 742     <div class="padding"></div>
 743
 744     <div class="entry">
 745       <div class="title">
 746         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_test_Debian_Edu_Jessie_despite_some_fatal_problems_with_the_installer.html">How to test Debian Edu Jessie despite some fatal problems with the installer</a>
 747       </div>
 748       <div class="date">
 749         26th September 2014
 750       </div>
 751       <div class="body">
 752         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
 753 project</a> provide a Linux solution for schools, including a
 754 powerful desktop with education software, a central server providing
 755 web pages, user database, user home directories, central login and PXE
 756 boot of both  clients without disk and the installation to install Debian
 757 Edu on machines with disk (and a few other services perhaps to small
 758 to mention here).  We in the Debian Edu team are currently working on
 759 the Jessie based version, trying to get everything in shape before the
 760 freeze, to avoid having to maintain our own package repository in the
 761 future.  The
 762 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie">current
 763 status</a> can be seen on the Debian wiki, and there is still heaps of
 764 work left.  Some fatal problems block testing, breaking the installer,
 765 but it is possible to work around these to get anyway.  Here is a
 766 recipe on how to get the installation limping along.</p>
 767
 768 <p>First, download the test ISO via
 769 <a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.no/cd-edu-testing-nolocal-netinst/debian-edu-amd64-i386-NETINST-1.iso">ftp</a>,
 770 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.no/cd-edu-testing-nolocal-netinst/debian-edu-amd64-i386-NETINST-1.iso">http</a>
 771 or rsync (use
 772 ftp.skolelinux.org::cd-edu-testing-nolocal-netinst/debian-edu-amd64-i386-NETINST-1.iso).
 773 The ISO build was broken on Tuesday, so we do not get a new ISO every
 774 12 hours or so, but thankfully the ISO we already got we are able to
 775 install with some tweaking.</p>
 776
 777 <p>When you get to the Debian Edu profile question, go to tty2
 778 (use Alt-Ctrl-F2), run</p>
 779
 780 <p><blockquote><pre>
 781 nano /usr/bin/edu-eatmydata-install
 782 </pre></blockquote></p>
 783
 784 <p>and add 'exit 0' as the second line, disabling the eatmydata
 785 optimization.  Return to the installation, select the profile you want
 786 and continue.  Without this change, exim4-config will fail to install
 787 due to a known bug in eatmydata.</p>
 788
 789 <p>When you get the grub question at the end, answer /dev/sda (or if
 790 this do not work, figure out what your correct value would be.  All my
 791 test machines need /dev/sda, so I have no advice if it do not fit
 792 your need.</p>
 793
 794 <p>If you installed a profile including a graphical desktop, log in as
 795 root after the initial boot from hard drive, and install the
 796 education-desktop-XXX metapackage.  XXX can be kde, gnome, lxde, xfce
 797 or mate.  If you want several desktop options, install more than one
 798 metapackage.  Once this is done, reboot and you should have a working
 799 graphical login screen.  This workaround should no longer be needed
 800 once the education-tasks package version 1.801 enter testing in two
 801 days.</p>
 802
 803 <p>I believe the ISO build will start working on two days when the new
 804 tasksel package enter testing and Steve McIntyre get a chance to
 805 update the debian-cd git repository.  The eatmydata, grub and desktop
 806 issues are already fixed in unstable and testing, and should show up
 807 on the ISO as soon as the ISO build start working again.  Well the
 808 eatmydata optimization is really just disabled.  The proper fix
 809 require an upload by the eatmydata maintainer applying the patch
 810 provided in bug <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/702711">#702711</a>.
 811 The rest have proper fixes in unstable.</p>
 812
 813 <p>I hope this get you going with the installation testing, as we are
 814 quickly running out of time trying to get our Jessie based
 815 installation ready before the distribution freeze in a month.</p>
 816
 817       </div>
 818       <div class="tags">
 819
 820
 821         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 822
 823
 824       </div>
 825     </div>
 826     <div class="padding"></div>
 827
 828     <div class="entry">
 829       <div class="title">
 830         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Speeding_up_the_Debian_installer_using_eatmydata_and_dpkg_divert.html">Speeding up the Debian installer using eatmydata and dpkg-divert</a>
 831       </div>
 832       <div class="date">
 833         16th September 2014
 834       </div>
 835       <div class="body">
 836         <p>The <a href="https://www.debian.org/">Debian</a> installer could be
 837 a lot quicker.  When we install more than 2000 packages in
 838 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a> using
 839 tasksel in the installer, unpacking the binary packages take forever.
 840 A part of the slow I/O issue was discussed in
 841 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/613428">bug #613428</a> about too
 842 much file system sync-ing done by dpkg, which is the package
 843 responsible for unpacking the binary packages.  Other parts (like code
 844 executed by postinst scripts) might also sync to disk during
 845 installation.  All this sync-ing to disk do not really make sense to
 846 me.  If the machine crash half-way through, I start over, I do not try
 847 to salvage the half installed system.  So the failure sync-ing is
 848 supposed to protect against, hardware or system crash, is not really
 849 relevant while the installer is running.</p>
 850
 851 <p>A few days ago, I thought of a way to get rid of all the file
 852 system sync()-ing in a fairly non-intrusive way, without the need to
 853 change the code in several packages.  The idea is not new, but I have
 854 not heard anyone propose the approach using dpkg-divert before.  It
 855 depend on the small and clever package
 856 <a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/eatmydata">eatmydata</a>, which
 857 uses LD_PRELOAD to replace the system functions for syncing data to
 858 disk with functions doing nothing, thus allowing programs to live
 859 dangerous while speeding up disk I/O significantly.  Instead of
 860 modifying the implementation of dpkg, apt and tasksel (which are the
 861 packages responsible for selecting, fetching and installing packages),
 862 it occurred to me that we could just divert the programs away, replace
 863 them with a simple shell wrapper calling
 864 "eatmydata&nbsp;$program&nbsp;$@", to get the same effect.
 865 Two days ago I decided to test the idea, and wrapped up a simple
 866 implementation for the Debian Edu udeb.</p>
 867
 868 <p>The effect was stunning.  In my first test it reduced the running
 869 time of the pkgsel step (installing tasks) from 64 to less than 44
 870 minutes (20 minutes shaved off the installation) on an old Dell
 871 Latitude D505 machine.  I am not quite sure what the optimised time
 872 would have been, as I messed up the testing a bit, causing the debconf
 873 priority to get low enough for two questions to pop up during
 874 installation.  As soon as I saw the questions I moved the installation
 875 along, but do not know how long the question were holding up the
 876 installation.  I did some more measurements using Debian Edu Jessie,
 877 and got these results.  The time measured is the time stamp in
 878 /var/log/syslog between the "pkgsel: starting tasksel" and the
 879 "pkgsel: finishing up" lines, if you want to do the same measurement
 880 yourself.  In Debian Edu, the tasksel dialog do not show up, and the
 881 timing thus do not depend on how quickly the user handle the tasksel
 882 dialog.</p>
 883
 884 <p><table>
 885
 886 <tr>
 887 <th>Machine/setup</th>
 888 <th>Original tasksel</th>
 889 <th>Optimised tasksel</th>
 890 <th>Reduction</th>
 891 </tr>
 892
 893 <tr>
 894 <td>Latitude D505 Main+LTSP LXDE</td>
 895 <td>64 min (07:46-08:50)</td>
 896 <td><44 min (11:27-12:11)</td>
 897 <td>>20 min 18%</td>
 898 </tr>
 899
 900 <tr>
 901 <td>Latitude D505 Roaming LXDE</td>
 902 <td>57 min (08:48-09:45)</td>
 903 <td>34 min (07:43-08:17)</td>
 904 <td>23 min 40%</td>
 905 </tr>
 906
 907 <tr>
 908 <td>Latitude D505 Minimal</td>
 909 <td>22 min (10:37-10:59)</td>
 910 <td>11 min (11:16-11:27)</td>
 911 <td>11 min 50%</td>
 912 </tr>
 913
 914 <tr>
 915 <td>Thinkpad X200 Minimal</td>
 916 <td>6 min (08:19-08:25)</td>
 917 <td>4 min (08:04-08:08)</td>
 918 <td>2 min 33%</td>
 919 </tr>
 920
 921 <tr>
 922 <td>Thinkpad X200 Roaming KDE</td>
 923 <td>19 min (09:21-09:40)</td>
 924 <td>15 min (10:25-10:40)</td>
 925 <td>4 min 21%</td>
 926 </tr>
 927
 928 </table></p>
 929
 930 <p>The test is done using a netinst ISO on a USB stick, so some of the
 931 time is spent downloading packages.  The connection to the Internet
 932 was 100Mbit/s during testing, so downloading should not be a
 933 significant factor in the measurement.  Download typically took a few
 934 seconds to a few minutes, depending on the amount of packages being
 935 installed.</p>
 936
 937 <p>The speedup is implemented by using two hooks in
 938 <a href="https://www.debian.org/devel/debian-installer/">Debian
 939 Installer</a>, the pre-pkgsel.d hook to set up the diverts, and the
 940 finish-install.d hook to remove the divert at the end of the
 941 installation.  I picked the pre-pkgsel.d hook instead of the
 942 post-base-installer.d hook because I test using an ISO without the
 943 eatmydata package included, and the post-base-installer.d hook in
 944 Debian Edu can only operate on packages included in the ISO.  The
 945 negative effect of this is that I am unable to activate this
 946 optimization for the kernel installation step in d-i.  If the code is
 947 moved to the post-base-installer.d hook, the speedup would be larger
 948 for the entire installation.</p>
 949
 950 <p>I've implemented this in the
 951 <a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/debian-edu-install">debian-edu-install</a>
 952 git repository, and plan to provide the optimization as part of the
 953 Debian Edu installation.  If you want to test this yourself, you can
 954 create two files in the installer (or in an udeb).  One shell script
 955 need do go into /usr/lib/pre-pkgsel.d/, with content like this:</p>
 956
 957 <p><blockquote><pre>
 958 #!/bin/sh
 959 set -e
 960 . /usr/share/debconf/confmodule
 961 info() {
 962     logger -t my-pkgsel "info: $*"
 963 }
 964 error() {
 965     logger -t my-pkgsel "error: $*"
 966 }
 967 override_install() {
 968     apt-install eatmydata || true
 969     if [ -x /target/usr/bin/eatmydata ] ; then
 970         for bin in dpkg apt-get aptitude tasksel ; do
 971             file=/usr/bin/$bin
 972             # Test that the file exist and have not been diverted already.
 973             if [ -f /target$file ] ; then
 974                 info "diverting $file using eatmydata"
 975                 printf "#!/bin/sh\neatmydata $bin.distrib \"\$@\"\n" \
 976                     > /target$file.edu
 977                 chmod 755 /target$file.edu
 978                 in-target dpkg-divert --package debian-edu-config \
 979                     --rename --quiet --add $file
 980                 ln -sf ./$bin.edu /target$file
 981             else
 982                 error "unable to divert $file, as it is missing."
 983             fi
 984         done
 985     else
 986         error "unable to find /usr/bin/eatmydata after installing the eatmydata pacage"
 987     fi
 988 }
 989
 990 override_install
 991 </pre></blockquote></p>
 992
 993 <p>To clean up, another shell script should go into
 994 /usr/lib/finish-install.d/ with code like this:
 995
 996 <p><blockquote><pre>
 997 #! /bin/sh -e
 998 . /usr/share/debconf/confmodule
 999 error() {
1000     logger -t my-finish-install "error: $@"
1001 }
1002 remove_install_override() {
1003     for bin in dpkg apt-get aptitude tasksel ; do
1004         file=/usr/bin/$bin
1005         if [ -x /target$file.edu ] ; then
1006             rm /target$file
1007             in-target dpkg-divert --package debian-edu-config \
1008                 --rename --quiet --remove $file
1009             rm /target$file.edu
1010         else
1011             error "Missing divert for $file."
1012         fi
1013     done
1014     sync # Flush file buffers before continuing
1015 }
1016
1017 remove_install_override
1018 </pre></blockquote></p>
1019
1020 <p>In Debian Edu, I placed both code fragments in a separate script
1021 edu-eatmydata-install and call it from the pre-pkgsel.d and
1022 finish-install.d scripts.</p>
1023
1024 <p>By now you might ask if this change should get into the normal
1025 Debian installer too?  I suspect it should, but am not sure the
1026 current debian-installer coordinators find it useful enough.  It also
1027 depend on the side effects of the change.  I'm not aware of any, but I
1028 guess we will see if the change is safe after some more testing.
1029 Perhaps there is some package in Debian depending on sync() and
1030 fsync() having effect?  Perhaps it should go into its own udeb, to
1031 allow those of us wanting to enable it to do so without affecting
1032 everyone.</p>
1033
1034 <p>Update 2014-09-24: Since a few days ago, enabling this optimization
1035 will break installation of all programs using gnutls because of
1036 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/702711">bug #702711</a>.  An updated
1037 eatmydata package in Debian will solve it.</p>
1038
1039 <p>Update 2014-10-17: The bug mentioned above is fixed in testing and
1040 the optimization work again.  And I have discovered that the
1041 dpkg-divert trick is not really needed and implemented a slightly
1042 simpler approach as part of the debian-edu-install package.  See
1043 tools/edu-eatmydata-install in the source package.</p>
1044
1045 <p>Update 2014-11-11: Unfortunately, a new
1046 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/765738">bug #765738</a> in eatmydata only
1047 triggering on i386 made it into testing, and broke this installation
1048 optimization again.  If <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/768893">unblock
1049 request 768893</a> is accepted, it should be working again.</p>
1050
1051       </div>
1052       <div class="tags">
1053
1054
1055         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1056
1057
1058       </div>
1059     </div>
1060     <div class="padding"></div>
1061
1062     <div class="entry">
1063       <div class="title">
1064         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Bernd_Zeitzen.html">Debian Edu interview: Bernd Zeitzen</a>
1065       </div>
1066       <div class="date">
1067         31st July 2014
1068       </div>
1069       <div class="body">
1070         <p>The complete and free “out of the box” software solution for
1071 schools, <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
1072 Skolelinux</a>, is used quite a lot in Germany, and one of the people
1073 involved is Bernd Zeitzen, who show up on the project mailing lists
1074 from time to time with interesting questions and tips on how to adjust
1075 the setup.  I managed to interview him this summer.</p>
1076
1077 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
1078
1079 <p>My name is Bernd Zeitzen and I'm married with Hedda, a self
1080 employed physiotherapist.  My former profession is tool maker, but I
1081 haven't worked for 30 years in this job.  30 years ago I started to
1082 support my wife and become her officeworker and a few years later the
1083 administrator for a small computer network, today based on Ubuntu
1084 Server (Samba, OpenVPN). For her daily work she has to use Windows
1085 Desktops because the software she needs to organize her business only
1086 works with Windows . :-(</p>
1087
1088 <p>In 1988 we started with one PC and DOS, then I learned to use
1089 Windows 98, 2000, XP, …, 8, Ubuntu, MacOSX.  Today we are running a
1090 Linux server with 6 Windows clients and 10 persons (teacher of
1091 children with special needs, speech therapist, occupational therapist,
1092 psychologist and officeworkers) using our Samba shares via OpenVPN to
1093 work with the documentations of our patients.</p>
1094
1095 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
1096 project?</strong></p>
1097
1098 <p>Two years ago a friend of mine asked me, if I want to get a job in
1099 his school (<a href="http://www.gymnasium-harsewinkel.de/">Gymnasium
1100 Harsewinkel</a>).  They started with Skolelinux / Debian Edu and they
1101 were looking for people to give support to the teachers using the
1102 software and the network and teaching the pupils increasing their
1103 computer skills in optional lessons.  I'm spending 4-6 hours a week
1104 with this job.</p>
1105
1106 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1107 Edu?</strong></p>
1108
1109 <p>The independence.</p>
1110
1111 <p>First: Every person is allowed to use, share and develop the
1112 software. Even if you are poor, you are allowed to use the software
1113 included in Skolelinux/Debian Edu and all the other Free Software.</p>
1114
1115 <p>Second: The software runs on old machines and this gives us the
1116 possibility to recycle computers, weeded out from offices.  The
1117 servers and desktops are running for more than two years and they are
1118 working reliable. </p>
1119
1120 <p>We have two servers (one tjener and one terminal server), 45
1121 workstations in three classrooms and seven laptops as a mobile
1122 solution for all classrooms.  These machines are all booting from the
1123 terminal server.  In the moment we are installing 30 laptops as mobile
1124 workstations.  Then the pupils have the possibility to work with these
1125 machines in their classrooms.  Internet access is realized by a WLAN
1126 router, connected to the schools network. This is all done without a
1127 dedicated system administrator or a computer science teacher.</p>
1128
1129 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1130 Edu?</strong></p>
1131
1132 <p>Teachers and pupils are Windows users.  &lt;Irony on&gt; And Linux
1133 isn't cool. It's software for freaks using the command line. &lt;Irony
1134 off&gt; They don't realize the stability of the system. </p>
1135
1136 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
1137
1138 <p>Firefox, Thunderbird, LibreOffice, Ubuntu Server 12.04 (Samba,
1139 Apache, MySQL, Joomla!, … and Skolelinux / Debian Edu)</p>
1140
1141 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
1142 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
1143
1144 <p>In Germany we have the situation: every school is free to decide
1145 which software they want to use. This decision is influenced by
1146 teachers who learned to use Windows and MS Office. They buy a PC with
1147 Windows preinstalled and an additional testing version of MS
1148 Office. They don't know about the possibility to use Free Software
1149 instead.  Another problem are the publisher of school books.  They
1150 develop their software, added to the school books, for Windows.</p>
1151
1152       </div>
1153       <div class="tags">
1154
1155
1156         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
1157
1158
1159       </div>
1160     </div>
1161     <div class="padding"></div>
1162
1163     <div class="entry">
1164       <div class="title">
1165         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/From_English_wiki_to_translated_PDF_and_epub_via_Docbook.html">From English wiki to translated PDF and epub via Docbook</a>
1166       </div>
1167       <div class="date">
1168         17th June 2014
1169       </div>
1170       <div class="body">
1171         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
1172 project</a> provide an instruction manual for teachers, system
1173 administrators and other users that contain useful tips for setting up
1174 and maintaining a Debian Edu installation.  This text is about how the
1175 text processing of this manual is handled in the project.</p>
1176
1177 <p>One goal of the project is to provide information in the native
1178 language of its users, and for this we need to handle translations.
1179 But we also want to make sure each language contain the same
1180 information, so for this we need a good way to keep the translations
1181 in sync.  And we want it to be easy for our users to improve the
1182 documentation, avoiding the need to learn special formats or tools to
1183 contribute, and the obvious way to do this is to make it possible to
1184 edit the documentation using a web browser.  We also want it to be
1185 easy for translators to keep the translation up to date, and give them
1186 help in figuring out what need to be translated. Here is the list of
1187 tools and the process we have found trying to reach all these
1188 goals.</p>
1189
1190 <p>We maintain the authoritative source of our manual in the
1191 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/">Debian
1192 wiki</a>, as several wiki pages written in English.  It consist of one
1193 front page with references to the different chapters, several pages
1194 for each chapter, and finally one "collection page" gluing all the
1195 chapters together into one large web page (aka
1196 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/AllInOne">the
1197 AllInOne page</a>).  The AllInOne page is the one used for further
1198 processing and translations.  Thanks to the fact that the
1199 <a href="http://moinmo.in/">MoinMoin</a> installation on
1200 wiki.debian.org support exporting pages in
1201 <a href="http://www.docbook.org/">the Docbook format</a>, we can fetch
1202 the list of pages to export using the raw version of the AllInOne
1203 page, loop over each of them to generate a Docbook XML version of the
1204 manual.  This process also download images and transform image
1205 references to use the locally downloaded images.  The generated
1206 Docbook XML files are slightly broken, so some post-processing is done
1207 using the <tt>documentation/scripts/get_manual</tt> program, and the
1208 result is a nice Docbook XML file (debian-edu-wheezy-manual.xml) and
1209 a handfull of images.  The XML file can now be used to generate PDF, HTML
1210 and epub versions of the English manual.  This is the basic step of
1211 our process, making PDF (using dblatex), HTML (using xsltproc) and
1212 epub (using dbtoepub) version from Docbook XML, and the resulting files
1213 are placed in the debian-edu-doc-en binary package.</p>
1214
1215 <p>But English documentation is not enough for us.  We want translated
1216 documentation too, and we want to make it easy for translators to
1217 track the English original.  For this we use the
1218 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/p/poxml.html">poxml</a> package,
1219 which allow us to transform the English Docbook XML file into a
1220 translation file (a .pot file), usable with the normal gettext based
1221 translation tools used by those translating free software.  The pot
1222 file is used to create and maintain translation files (several .po
1223 files), which the translations update with the native language
1224 translations of all titles, paragraphs and blocks of text in the
1225 original.  The next step is combining the original English Docbook XML
1226 and the translation file (say debian-edu-wheezy-manual.nb.po), to
1227 create a translated Docbook XML file (in this case
1228 debian-edu-wheezy-manual.nb.xml).  This translated (or partly
1229 translated, if the translation is not complete) Docbook XML file can
1230 then be used like the original to create a PDF, HTML and epub version
1231 of the documentation.</p>
1232
1233 <p>The translators use different tools to edit the .po files.  We
1234 recommend using
1235 <a href="http://www.kde.org/applications/development/lokalize/">lokalize</a>,
1236 while some use emacs and vi, others can use web based editors like
1237 <a href="http://pootle.translatehouse.org/">Poodle</a> or
1238 <a href="https://www.transifex.com/">Transifex</a>.  All we care about
1239 is where the .po file end up, in our git repository.  Updated
1240 translations can either be committed directly to git, or submitted as
1241 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/src:debian-edu-doc">bug reports
1242 against the debian-edu-doc package</a>.</p>
1243
1244 <p>One challenge is images, which both might need to be translated (if
1245 they show translated user applications), and are needed in different
1246 formats when creating PDF and HTML versions (epub is a HTML version in
1247 this regard).  For this we transform the original PNG images to the
1248 needed density and format during build, and have a way to provide
1249 translated images by storing translated versions in
1250 images/$LANGUAGECODE/.  I am a bit unsure about the details here.  The
1251 package maintainers know more.</p>
1252
1253 <p>If you wonder what the result look like, we provide
1254 <a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/">the content
1255 of the documentation packages on the web</a>.  See for example the
1256 <a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/it/debian-edu-wheezy-manual.pdf">Italian
1257 PDF version</a> or the
1258 <a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/de/debian-edu-wheezy-manual.html">German
1259 HTML version</a>.  We do not yet build the epub version by default,
1260 but perhaps it will be done in the future.</p>
1261
1262 <p>To learn more, check out
1263 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/d/debian-edu-doc.html">the
1264 debian-edu-doc package</a>,
1265 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/">the
1266 manual on the wiki</a> and
1267 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/Translations">the
1268 translation instructions</a> in the manual.</p>
1269
1270       </div>
1271       <div class="tags">
1272
1273
1274         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1275
1276
1277       </div>
1278     </div>
1279     <div class="padding"></div>
1280
1281     <div class="entry">
1282       <div class="title">
1283         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Roger_Marsal.html">Debian Edu interview: Roger Marsal</a>
1284       </div>
1285       <div class="date">
1286         30th March 2014
1287       </div>
1288       <div class="body">
1289         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
1290 keep gaining new users.  Some weeks ago, a person showed up on IRC,
1291 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/#debian-edu">#debian-edu</a>, with a
1292 wish to contribute, and I managed to get a interview with this great
1293 contributor Roger Marsal to learn more about his background.</p>
1294
1295 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
1296
1297 <p>My name is Roger Marsal, I'm 27 years old (1986 generation) and I
1298 live in Barcelona, Spain. I've got a strong business background and I
1299 work as a patrimony manager and as a real estate agent.  Additionally,
1300 I've co-founded a British based tech company that is nowadays on the
1301 last development phase of a new social networking concept.</p>
1302
1303 <p>I'm a Linux enthusiast that started its journey with Ubuntu four years
1304 ago and have recently switched to Debian seeking rock solid stability
1305 and as a necessary step to gain expertise.</p>
1306
1307 <p>In a nutshell, I spend my days working and learning as much as I
1308 can to face both my job, entrepreneur project and feed my Linux
1309 hunger.</p>
1310
1311 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
1312 project?</strong></p>
1313
1314 <p>I discovered the <a href="http://www.ltsp.org/">LTSP</a> advantages
1315 with "Ubuntu 12.04 alternate install" and after a year of use I
1316 started looking for an alternative.  Even though I highly value and
1317 respect the Ubuntu project, I thought it was necessary for me to
1318 change to a more robust and stable alternative.  As far as I was using
1319 Debian on my personal laptop I thought it would be fine to install
1320 Debian and configure an LTSP server myself.  Surprised, I discovered
1321 that the Debian project also supported a kind of Edubuntu equivalent,
1322 and after having some pain I obtained a Debian Edu network up and
1323 running.  I just loved it.</p>
1324
1325 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1326 Edu?</strong></p>
1327
1328 <p>I found a main advantage in that, once you know "the tips and
1329 tricks", a new installation just works out of the box. It's the most
1330 complete alternative I've found to create an LTSP network. All the
1331 other distributions seems to be made of plastic, Debian Edu seems to
1332 be made of steel.</p>
1333
1334 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1335 Edu?</strong></p>
1336
1337 <p>I found two main disadvantages.</p>
1338
1339 <p>I'm not an expert but I've got notions and I had to spent a considerable
1340 amount of time trying to bring up a standard network topology. I'm quite
1341 stubborn and I just worked until I did but I'm sure many people with few
1342 resources (not big schools, but academies for example) would have switched
1343 or dropped.</p>
1344
1345 <p>It's amazing how such a complex system like Debian Edu has achieved
1346 this out-of-the-box state. Even though tweaking without breaking gets
1347 more difficult, as more factors have to be considered. This can
1348 discourage many people too.</p>
1349
1350 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
1351
1352 <p>I use Debian, Firefox, Okular, Inkscape, LibreOffice and
1353 Virtualbox.</p>
1354
1355
1356 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
1357 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
1358
1359 <p>I don't think there is a need for a particular strategy. The free
1360 attribute in both "freedom" and "no price" meanings is what will
1361 really bring free software to schools. In my experience I can think of
1362 the <a href="http://www.r-project.org/">"R" statistical language</a>; a
1363 few years a ago was an extremely nerd tool for university people.
1364 Today it's being increasingly used to teach statistics at many
1365 different level of studies.  I believe free and open software will
1366 increasingly gain popularity, but I'm sure schools will be one of the
1367 first scenarios where this will happen.</p>
1368
1369       </div>
1370       <div class="tags">
1371
1372
1373         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
1374
1375
1376       </div>
1377     </div>
1378     <div class="padding"></div>
1379
1380     <div class="entry">
1381       <div class="title">
1382         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_add_extra_storage_servers_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux.html">How to add extra storage servers in Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
1383       </div>
1384       <div class="date">
1385         12th March 2014
1386       </div>
1387       <div class="body">
1388         <p>On larger sites, it is useful to use a dedicated storage server for
1389 storing user home directories and data.  The design for handling this
1390 in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>, is
1391 to update the automount rules in LDAP and let the automount daemon on
1392 the clients take care of the rest.  I was reminded about the need to
1393 document this better when one of the customers of
1394 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a>, where I am
1395 on the board of directors, asked about how to do this.  The steps to
1396 get this working are the following:</p>
1397
1398 <p><ol>
1399
1400 <li>Add new storage server in DNS.  I use nas-server.intern as the
1401 example host here.</li>
1402
1403 <li>Add automoun LDAP information about this server in LDAP, to allow
1404 all clients to automatically mount it on reqeust.</li>
1405
1406 <li>Add the relevant entries in tjener.intern:/etc/fstab, because
1407 tjener.intern do not use automount to avoid mounting loops.</li>
1408
1409 </ol></p>
1410
1411 <p>DNS entries are added in GOsa², and not described here.  Follow the
1412 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/GettingStarted">instructions
1413 in the manual</a> (Machine Management with GOsa² in section Getting
1414 started).</p>
1415
1416 <p>Ensure that the NFS export points on the server are exported to the
1417 relevant subnets or machines:</p>
1418
1419 <p><blockquote><pre>
1420 root@tjener:~# showmount -e nas-server
1421 Export list for nas-server:
1422 /storage         10.0.0.0/8
1423 root@tjener:~#
1424 </pre></blockquote></p>
1425
1426 <p>Here everything on the backbone network is granted access to the
1427 /storage export.  With NFSv3 it is slightly better to limit it to
1428 netgroup membership or single IP addresses to have some limits on the
1429 NFS access.</p>
1430
1431 <p>The next step is to update LDAP.  This can not be done using GOsa²,
1432 because it lack a module for automount.  Instead, use ldapvi and add
1433 the required LDAP objects using an editor.</p>
1434
1435 <p><blockquote><pre>
1436 ldapvi --ldap-conf -ZD '(cn=admin)' -b ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
1437 </pre></blockquote></p>
1438
1439 <p>When the editor show up, add the following LDAP objects at the
1440 bottom of the document.  The "/&" part in the last LDAP object is a
1441 wild card matching everything the nas-server exports, removing the
1442 need to list individual mount points in LDAP.</p>
1443
1444 <p><blockquote><pre>
1445 add cn=nas-server,ou=auto.skole,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
1446 objectClass: automount
1447 cn: nas-server
1448 automountInformation: -fstype=autofs --timeout=60 ldap:ou=auto.nas-server,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
1449
1450 add ou=auto.nas-server,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
1451 objectClass: top
1452 objectClass: automountMap
1453 ou: auto.nas-server
1454
1455 add cn=/,ou=auto.nas-server,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
1456 objectClass: automount
1457 cn: /
1458 automountInformation: -fstype=nfs,tcp,rsize=32768,wsize=32768,rw,intr,hard,nodev,nosuid,noatime nas-server.intern:/&
1459 </pre></blockquote></p>
1460
1461 <p>The last step to remember is to mount the relevant mount points in
1462 tjener.intern by adding them to /etc/fstab, creating the mount
1463 directories using mkdir and running "mount -a" to mount them.</p>
1464
1465 <p>When this is done, your users should be able to access the files on
1466 the storage server directly by just visiting the
1467 /tjener/nas-server/storage/ directory using any application on any
1468 workstation, LTSP client or LTSP server.</p>
1469
1470       </div>
1471       <div class="tags">
1472
1473
1474         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>.
1475
1476
1477       </div>
1478     </div>
1479     <div class="padding"></div>
1480
1481     <div class="entry">
1482       <div class="title">
1483         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Dominik_George.html">Debian Edu interview: Dominik George</a>
1484       </div>
1485       <div class="date">
1486         25th December 2013
1487       </div>
1488       <div class="body">
1489         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
1490 project</a> consist of both newcomers and old timers, and this time I
1491 was able to get an interview with a newcomer in the project who showed
1492 up on the IRC channel a few weeks ago to let us know about his
1493 successful installation of Debian Edu Wheezy in his School.  Say hello
1494 to <a href="https://www.ohloh.net/accounts/Natureshadow">Dominik
1495 George</a>.</p>
1496
1497 <!-- http://www.dominik-george.de/images/foto.jpg -->
1498
1499 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
1500
1501 <p>I am a 23 year-old student from Germany who has spent half of his
1502 life with open source. In "real life", I am, as already mentioned, a
1503 student in the fields of Computer Science, Electrical Engineering,
1504 Information Technologies and Anglistics. Due to my (only partially
1505 voluntary) huge engagement in the open source world, these things are
1506 a bit vacant right now however.</p>
1507
1508 <p>I also have been working as a project teacher at a Gymasnium
1509 (public school) for various years now. I took up that work some time
1510 around 2005 when still attending that school myself and have continued
1511 it until today. I also had been running the (kind of very advanced)
1512 network of that school together with a team of very interested and
1513 talented students in the age of 11 to 15 years, who took the chance to
1514 learn a lot about open source and networking before I left the school
1515 to help building another school's informational education concept from
1516 scratch.</p>
1517
1518 <p>That said, one might see me as a kind of "glue" between school kids
1519 and the elderly of teachers as well as between the open source
1520 ecosystem and the (even more complex) educational ecosystem.</p>
1521
1522 <p>When I am not busy with open source or education, I like Geocaching
1523 and cycling.</p>
1524
1525 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
1526 project?</strong></p>
1527
1528 <p>I think that happened some time around 2009 when I first attended
1529 <a href="http://www.froscon.org">FrOSCon</a> and visited the project
1530 booth. I think I wasn't too interested back then because I used to
1531 have an attitude of disliking software that does too much stuff on its
1532 own. Maybe I was too inexperienced to realise the upsides of an
1533 "out-of-the-box" solution ;).</p>
1534
1535 <p>The first time I actively talked to Skolelinux people was at
1536 <a href="http://www.openrheinruhr.de">OpenRheinRuhr</a> 2011 when the
1537 BiscuIT project, a home-grewn software used by my school for various
1538 really cool things from timetables and class contact lists to lunch
1539 ordering, student ID card printing and project elections first got to
1540 a stage where it could have been published. I asked the Skolelinux
1541 guys running the booth if the project were interested in it and gave a
1542 small demonstration, but there wasn't any real feedback and the guys
1543 seemed rather uninterested.</p>
1544
1545 <p>After I left the school where I developed the software, it got
1546 mostly lost, but I am now reimplementing it for my new school. I have
1547 reusability and compatibility in mind, and I hop there will be a new
1548 basis for contributing it to the Skolelinux project ;)!</p>
1549
1550 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1551 Edu?</strong></p>
1552
1553 <p>The most important advantage seems to be that it "just
1554 works". After overcoming some minor (but still very annoying) glitches
1555 in the installer, I got a fully functional, working school network,
1556 without the month-long hassle I experienced when setting all that up
1557 from scratch in earlier years. And above that, it rocked - I didn't
1558 have any real hardware at hand, because the school was just founded
1559 and has no money whatsoever, so I installed a combined server (main
1560 server, terminal services and workstation) in a VM on my personal
1561 notebook, bridging the LTSP network interface to the ethernet port,
1562 and then PXE-booted the Windows notebooks that were lying around from
1563 it. I could use 8 clients without any performance issues, by using a
1564 tiny little VM on a tiny little notebook. I think that's enough to say
1565 that it rocks!</p>
1566
1567 <p>Secondly, there are marketing reasons. Life's bad, and so no
1568 politician will ever permit a setup described as "Debian, an universal
1569 operating system, with some really cool educational tools" while they
1570 will be jsut fine with "Skolelinux, a single-purpose solution for your
1571 school network", even if both turn out to be the very same thing (yes,
1572 this is unfair towards the Skolelinux project, and must not be taken
1573 too seriously - you get the idea, anyway).</p>
1574
1575 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1576 Edu?</strong></p>
1577
1578 <p>I have not been involved with Skolelinux long enough to really
1579 answer this question in a fair way. Thus, please allow me to put it in
1580 other words: "What do you expect from Skolelinux to keep liking it?" I
1581 can list a few points about that:</p>
1582
1583 <ul>
1584
1585  <li>always strive to get all things integrated into Debian upstream
1586  <li>be open to discussion about changes and the like, even with newcomers
1587  <li>be helpful at being helpful ;)
1588
1589 </ul>
1590
1591 <p>I'm really sorry I cannot say much more about that :(!</p>
1592
1593 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
1594
1595 <p>First of all, all software I use is free and open. I have abandoned
1596 all non-free software (except for firmware on my darned phone) this
1597 year.</p>
1598
1599 <p>I run Debian GNU/Linux on all PC systems I use. On that, I mostly
1600 run text tools. I use
1601 <a href="https://www.mirbsd.org/mksh.htm">mksh</a> as shell,
1602 <a href="https://www.mirbsd.org/jupp.htm">jupp</a> as very advanced
1603 text editor (I even got the developer to help me write a script/macro
1604 based full-featured student management software with the two),
1605 <a href="http://mcabber.com/">mcabber</a> for XMPP and
1606 <a href="http://www.irssi.org/">irssi</a> for IRC. For that overly
1607 coloured world called the WWW, I use
1608 <a href="https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/new/">Iceweasel
1609 (Firefox)</a>. Oh, and <a href="http://www.mutt.org/">mutt</a> for
1610 e-mail.</p>
1611
1612 <p>However, while I am personally aware of the fact that text tools
1613 are more efficient and powerful than anything else, I also use (or at
1614 least operate) some tools that are suitable to bring open source to
1615 kids. One of these things is <a href="http://jappix.org/">Jappix</a>,
1616 which I already introduced to some kids even before they got aware of
1617 Facebook, making them see for themselves that they do not need
1618 Facebook now ;).</p>
1619
1620 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
1621 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
1622
1623 <p>Well, that's a two-sided thing. One side is what I believe, and one
1624 side is what I have experienced.</p>
1625
1626 <p>I believe that the right strategy is showing them the benefits. But
1627 that won't work out as long as the acceptance of free alternatives
1628 grows globally. What I mean is that if all the kids are almost forced
1629 to use Windows, Facebook, Skype, you name it at home, they will not
1630 see why they would want to use alternatives at school. I have seen
1631 students take seat in front of a fully-functional, modern Debian
1632 desktop that could do anything their Windows at home could do, and
1633 they jsut refused to use it because "Linux sucks". It is something
1634 that makes the council of our city spend around 600000 € to buy
1635 software - not including hardware, mind you - for operating school
1636 networks, and for installing a system that, as has been proved, does
1637 not work. For those of you readers who are good at maths, have you
1638 already found out how many lives could have been saved with that money
1639 if we had instead used it to bring education to parts of the world
1640 that need it? I have, and found it to be nothing less dramatic than
1641 plain criminal.</p>
1642
1643 <p>That said, the only feasible way appears to be the bottom up
1644 method. We have to bring free software to kids and parents. I have
1645 founded an association named
1646 <a href="https://www.teckids.org">Teckids</a> here in Germany that does
1647 just that. We organise several events for kids and adolescents in the
1648 area of free and open source software, for example the
1649 <a href="http://kids.froscon.org">FrogLabs</a>, which share staff with
1650 Teckids and are the youth programme of
1651 <a href="http://www.froscon.org">the Free and Open Source Software
1652 Conference (FrOSCon)</a>. We do a lot more than most other conferences
1653 - this year, we first offered the FrogLabs as a holiday camp for kids
1654 aged 10 to 16. It was a huge success, with approx. 30 kids taking part
1655 and learning with and about free software through a whole weekend. All
1656 of us had a lot of fun, and the results were really exciting.</p>
1657
1658 <p>Apart from that, we are preparing a campaign that is supposed to bring
1659 the message of free alternatives to stuff kids use every day to them and
1660 their parents, e.g. the use of Jabber / Jappix instead of Facebook and
1661 Skype. To make that possible, we are planning to get together a team of
1662 clever kids who understand very well what their peers need and can bring
1663 it across to them. So we will have a peer-driven network of adolescents
1664 who teach each other and collect feedback from the community of minors.
1665 We then take that feedback and our own experience to work closely with
1666 open source projects, such as Skolelinux or Jappix, at improving their
1667 software in a way that makes it more and more attractive for the target
1668 group. At least I hope that we will have good cooperation with
1669 Skolelinux in the future ;)!</p>
1670
1671 <p>So in conclusion, what I believe is that, if it weren't for the world
1672 being so bad, it should be very clear to the political decision makers
1673 that the only way to go nowadays is free software for various reasons,
1674 but I have learnt that the only way that seems to work is bottom up.</p>
1675
1676 <!--
1677
1678 >  * Who should be interviewed with this questions in the future?
1679
1680 That's probably the hardest question of them all, as I do not know the
1681 community. However, I would be willing to do the following:
1682
1683  <li>Run an interview with a German headteacher who is very open to
1684    free software, and also prefers it, but cannot really use it because
1685    of the decision makers above;
1686  <li>Run interviews with some kids, both with and without previous
1687    knowledge about free software
1688
1689 If that is wanted, just let me know ;).
1690
1691 -->
1692
1693       </div>
1694       <div class="tags">
1695
1696
1697         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
1698
1699
1700       </div>
1701     </div>
1702     <div class="padding"></div>
1703
1704     <div class="entry">
1705       <div class="title">
1706         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Klaus_Knopper.html">Debian Edu interview: Klaus Knopper</a>
1707       </div>
1708       <div class="date">
1709          6th December 2013
1710       </div>
1711       <div class="body">
1712         <p>It has been a while since I managed to publish the last interview,
1713 but the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
1714 Skolelinux</a> community is still going strong, and yesterday we even
1715 had a new school administrator show up on
1716 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/#debian-edu">#debian-edu</a> to share
1717 his success story with installing Debian Edu at their school.  This
1718 time I have been able to get some helpful comments from the creator of
1719 Knoppix, Klaus Knopper, who was involved in a Skolelinux project in
1720 Germany a few years ago.</p>
1721
1722 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
1723
1724 <p>I am Klaus Knopper.  I have a master degree in electrical
1725 engineering, and is currently professor in information management at
1726 the university of applied sciences Kaiserslautern / Germany and
1727 freelance Open Source software developer and consultant.</p>
1728
1729 <p>All of this is pretty much of the work I spend my days with. Apart
1730 from teaching, I'm also conducting some more or less experimental
1731 projects like the <a href="http://www.knoppix.org">Knoppix GNU/Linux live
1732 system</a> (Debian-based like Skolelinux),
1733 <a href="http://www.knopper.net/knoppix-adriane/index-en.html">ADRIANE</a>
1734 (a blind-friendly talking desktop system) and
1735 <a href="http://www.knopper.net/linbo/index-en.html">LINBO</a>
1736 (Linux-based network boot console, a fast remote install and repair
1737 system supporting various operating systems).</p>
1738
1739 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
1740 project?</strong></p>
1741
1742 <p>The credit for this have to go to Kurt Gramlich, who is the German
1743 coordinator for Skolelinux.  We were looking for an all-in-one open
1744 source community-supported distribution for schools, and Kurt
1745 introduced us to Skolelinux for this purpose.</p>
1746
1747 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1748 Edu?</strong></p>
1749
1750 <ul>
1751   <li>Quick installation,</li>
1752   <li>works (almost) out of the box,</li>
1753   <li>contains many useful software packages for teaching and learning,</li>
1754   <li>is a purely community-based distro and not controlled by a
1755     single company,</li>
1756   <li>has a large number of supporters and teachers who share their
1757     experience and problem solutions.</li>
1758 </ul>
1759
1760 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1761 Edu?</strong></p>
1762
1763 <ul>
1764   <li>Skolelinux is - as we had to learn - not easily upgradable to
1765   the next version.  Opposed to its genuine Debian base, upgrading to
1766   a new version means a full new installation from scratch to get it
1767   working again reliably.
1768
1769   <li>Skolelinux is based on Debian/stable, and therefore always a
1770   little outdated in terms of program versions compared to Edubuntu or
1771   similar educational Linux distros, which rather use Debian/testing
1772   as their base.
1773
1774   <li>Skolelinux has some very self-opinionated and stubborn default
1775   configuration which in my opinion adds unnecessary complexity and is
1776   not always suitable for a schools needs, the preset network
1777   configuration is actually a core definition feature of Skolelinux
1778   and not easy to change, so schools sometimes have to change their
1779   network configuration to make it "Skolelinux-compatible".
1780
1781   <li>Some proposed extensions, which were made available as
1782   contribution, like secure examination mode and lecture material
1783   distribution and collection, were not accepted into the mainline
1784   Skolelinux development and are now not easy to maintain in the
1785   future because of Skolelinux somewhat undeterministic update
1786   schemes.</li>
1787
1788   <li>Skolelinux has only a very tiny number of base developers
1789   compared to Debian.</li>
1790
1791 </ul>
1792
1793 <p>For these reasons and experience from our project, I would now
1794 rather consider using plain Debian for schools next time, until
1795 Skolelinux is more closely integrated into Debian and becomes
1796 upgradeable without reinstallation.</p>
1797
1798 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
1799
1800 <p>GNU/Linux with LXDE desktop, bash for interactive dialog and
1801 programming, texlive for documentation and correspondence,
1802 occasionally LibreOffice for document format conversion. Various
1803 programming languages for teaching.</p>
1804
1805 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
1806 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
1807
1808 <p>Strong arguments are</p>
1809
1810 <ul>
1811
1812   <li>Knowledge is free, and so should be methods and tools for
1813     teaching and learning.</li>
1814
1815   <li>Students can learn with and use the same software at school, at
1816     home, and at their working place without running into license or
1817     conversion problems.</li>
1818
1819   <li>Closed source or proprietary software hides knowledge rather
1820     than exposing it, and proprietary software vendors try to bind
1821     customers to certain products.  But teachers need to teach
1822     science, not products.</li>
1823
1824   <li>If you have everything you for daily work as open source, what
1825     would you need proprietary software for?</li>
1826
1827 </ul>
1828
1829       </div>
1830       <div class="tags">
1831
1832
1833         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
1834
1835
1836       </div>
1837     </div>
1838     <div class="padding"></div>
1839
1840     <div class="entry">
1841       <div class="title">
1842         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_7_1_install_and_overview_video_from_Marcelo_Salvador.html">Skolelinux / Debian Edu 7.1 install and overview video from Marcelo Salvador</a>
1843       </div>
1844       <div class="date">
1845          8th October 2013
1846       </div>
1847       <div class="body">
1848         <p>The other day I was pleased and surprised to discover that Marcelo
1849 Salvador had published a
1850 <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w-GgpdqgLFc">video on
1851 Youtube</a> showing how to install the standalone Debian Edu /
1852 Skolelinux profile.  This is the profile intended for use at home or
1853 on laptops that should not be integrated into the provided network
1854 services (no central home directory, no Kerberos / LDAP directory etc,
1855 in other word a single user machine).  The result is 11 minutes long,
1856 and show some user applications (seem to be rather randomly picked).
1857 Missed a few of my favorites like celestia, planets and chromium
1858 showing the <a href="http://www.zygotebody.com/">Zygote Body 3D model
1859 of the human body</a>, but I guess he did not know about those or find
1860 other programs more interesting. :) And the video do not show the
1861 advantages I believe is one of the most valuable featuers in Debian
1862 Edu, its central school server making it possible to run hundreds of
1863 computers without hard drives by installing one central
1864 <a href="http://www.ltsp.org/">LTSP server</a>.</p>
1865
1866 <p>Anyway, check out the video, embedded below and linked to above:</p>
1867
1868 <iframe width="420" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/w-GgpdqgLFc" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
1869
1870 <p>Are there other nice videos demonstrating Skolelinux?  Please let
1871 me know. :)</p>
1872
1873       </div>
1874       <div class="tags">
1875
1876
1877         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
1878
1879
1880       </div>
1881     </div>
1882     <div class="padding"></div>
1883
1884     <div class="entry">
1885       <div class="title">
1886         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Finally__Debian_Edu_Wheezy_is_released_today_.html">Finally, Debian Edu Wheezy is released today!</a>
1887       </div>
1888       <div class="date">
1889         29th September 2013
1890       </div>
1891       <div class="body">
1892         <p>A few hours ago, the announcement for the first stable release of
1893 Debian Edu Wheezy went out from the Debian publicity team.  The
1894 complete announcement text can be found at
1895 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2013/20130928">the Debian News
1896 section</a>, translated to several languages.  Please check it out.</p>
1897
1898 <p>There is one minor known problem that we will fix very soon.  One
1899 can not install a amd64 Thin Client Server using PXE, as the /var/
1900 partition is too small.  A workaround is to extend the partition (use
1901 lvresize + resize2fs in tty 2 while installing).</p>
1902
1903       </div>
1904       <div class="tags">
1905
1906
1907         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1908
1909
1910       </div>
1911     </div>
1912     <div class="padding"></div>
1913
1914     <div class="entry">
1915       <div class="title">
1916         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_and_probably_last_beta_release_of_Debian_Edu_Wheezy.html">Third and probably last beta release of Debian Edu Wheezy</a>
1917       </div>
1918       <div class="date">
1919         16th September 2013
1920       </div>
1921       <div class="body">
1922         <p>The third wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
1923 today.  This is the release announcement from Holger Levsen:</p>
1924
1925 <blockquote>
1926 <p>Hi,</p>
1927
1928 <p>it is my pleasure to announce the third beta release (beta 2 for
1929 short) of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
1930 Skolelinux</a> based on Debian Wheezy!</p>
1931
1932 <p>Please test these images extensivly, if no new problems are found
1933 we plan to do this final Debian Edu Wheezy release this coming
1934 weekend.  We are not aware of any major problems or blockers in beta2,
1935 if you find something, please notify us immediately!</p>
1936
1937 <p>(More about the remaining steps for the Edu Wheezy release in
1938 another mail to the edu list tonight or tomorrow...)</p>
1939
1940 <p>Noteworthy changes and software updates for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b2
1941 compared to beta1:</p>
1942
1943 <ul>
1944
1945 <li>The KDE proxy setup has been adjusted to use the provided wpad.dat. This
1946 also gets Chromium to use this proxy.</li>
1947 <li>Install kdepim-groupware with KDE desktops to make sure korganizer
1948 understand ical/dav sources.</li>
1949 <li>Increased default maximum size of /var/spool/squid and /skole/backup on the
1950 main server.</li>
1951 <li>A source DVD image containing all source packages is now available as well.</li>
1952 <li>Updates for chromium (29.0.1547.57-1~deb7u1), imagemagick
1953 (6.7.7.10-5+deb7u2), php5 (5.4.4-14+deb7u4), libmodplug
1954 (0.8.8.4-3+deb7u1+git20130828), tiff (4.0.2-6+deb7u2), linux-image
1955 (3.2.0-4-486_3.2.46-1+deb7u1).</li>
1956
1957 </ul>
1958
1959 <p>Where to get it:</p>
1960
1961 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
1962
1963 <ul>
1964 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso</a></li>
1965 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso</a></li>
1966 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso .</li>
1967 </ul>
1968
1969 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is:  3a1c89f4666df80eebcd46c5bf5fedb866f9472f</p>
1970
1971 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use
1972 <ul>
1973 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso</a></li>
1974 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso</a></li>
1975 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso .</li>
1976 </ul>
1977
1978 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 702d1718548f401c74bfa6df9f032cc3ee16597e</p>
1979
1980 <p>The Source DVD image has the filename
1981 debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-source-DVD.iso and the SHA1SUM
1982 089eed8b3f962db47aae1f6a9685e9bb2fa30ca5 and is available the same way
1983 as the other isos.</p>
1984
1985 <p>How to report bugs</p>
1986
1987 <p>For information how to report bugs please see
1988 <br><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
1989
1990
1991 <p>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</p>
1992
1993 <p>Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux, is a Linux distribution based
1994 on Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
1995 configured school network. Immediately after installation a school
1996 server running all services needed for a school network is set up just
1997 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
1998 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
1999 initial installation of the main server from CD or USB stick all other
2000 machines can be installed via the network. The provided school server
2001 provides LDAP database and Kerberos authentication service,
2002 centralized home directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other
2003 services.  The desktop contains more than 60 educational software
2004 packages and more are available from the Debian archive, and schools
2005 can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
2006
2007 <p>This is the seventh test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
2008 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
2009 Squeeze release.</p>
2010
2011 <p>Notes for upgrades from Alpha Prereleases</p>
2012
2013 <p>Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
2014 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
2015 release. Both alpha and beta0 based installations should reinstall or
2016 deal with gosa.conf manually; there are two options: (1) Keep
2017 gosa.conf and edit this file as outlined on the mailing list. (2)
2018 Accept the new version of gosa.conf and replace both contained admin
2019 password placeholders with the password hashes found in the old one
2020 (backup copy!). In both cases all users need to change their password
2021 to make sure a password is set for CIFS access to their home
2022 directory.</p>
2023
2024
2025 <p>cheers,
2026 <br>        Holger</p>
2027 </blockquote>
2028
2029       </div>
2030       <div class="tags">
2031
2032
2033         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2034
2035
2036       </div>
2037     </div>
2038     <div class="padding"></div>
2039
2040     <div class="entry">
2041       <div class="title">
2042         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_beta_release__beta_1__of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Second beta release (beta 1) of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
2043       </div>
2044       <div class="date">
2045         22nd August 2013
2046       </div>
2047       <div class="body">
2048         <p>The second wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
2049 today, slightly delayed because of some bugs in the initial Windows
2050 integration fixes .  This is the release announcement:</p>
2051
2052 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b1 released 2013-08-22</strong></p>
2053
2054 <p>These are the release notes for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
2055 7.1+edu0~b1, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
2056
2057 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
2058
2059 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
2060 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
2061 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
2062 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
2063 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
2064 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
2065 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
2066 the main server from CD or USB stick all other machines can be
2067 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
2068 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
2069 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
2070 desktop contains
2071 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
2072 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
2073 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
2074 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
2075
2076 <p>This is the sixth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically this
2077 is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the Squeeze
2078 release.</p>
2079
2080 <p>ALERT: Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
2081 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
2082 release. Both alpha and beta0 based installations should reinstall or
2083 deal with gosa.conf manually; there are two options: (1) Keep
2084 gosa.conf and edit this file as outlined
2085 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/2013/08/msg00127.html">on
2086 the mailing list</a>. (2) Accept the new version of gosa.conf and
2087 replace both contained admin password placeholders with the password
2088 hashes found in the old one (backup copy!). In both cases every user
2089 need to change their their password to make sure a password is set for
2090 CIFS access to their home directory.</p>
2091
2092 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
2093
2094 <ul>
2095
2096 <li>Added ssh askpass packages to default installation, to ensure ssh
2097     work also without a attached tty.</li>
2098 <li>Add the command-not-found package to the default installation to
2099     make it easier to figure out where to find missing command line
2100     tools. Please note, that the command 'update-command-not-found'
2101     has to be run as root to actually make it useful (internet access
2102     required).</li>
2103
2104 </ul>
2105
2106 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
2107
2108 <ul>
2109
2110 <li>Adjusted the USB stick ISO image build to include every tool
2111 needed for desktop=xfce installations.</li>
2112 <li>Adjust thin-client-server task to work when installing from USB
2113 stick ISO image.</li>
2114 <li>Made new grub artwork (changed png from indexed to RGB format).</li>
2115 <li>Minor cleanup in the CUPS setup.</li>
2116 <li>Make sure that bootstrapping of the Samba domain really happens
2117     during installation of the main server and adjust SID handling to
2118     cope with this.</li>
2119 <li>Make Samba passwords changeable (again) via GOsa².</li>
2120 <li>Fix generation of LM and NT password hashes via GOsa² to avoid
2121     empty password hashes.</li>
2122 <li>Adapted Samba machine domain joining to latest change in the
2123     smbldap-tools Perl package, fixing bugs blocking Windows machines
2124     from joining the Samba domain.</li>
2125
2126 </ul>
2127
2128 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
2129
2130 <ul>
2131
2132 <li>KDE fails to understand the wpad.dat file provided, causing it to
2133     not use the http proxy as it should.</li>
2134 <li>Chromium also fails to use the proxy when using the KDE desktop
2135     (using the KDE configuration).</li>
2136
2137 </ul>
2138
2139 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
2140
2141 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
2142
2143 <ul>
2144
2145 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso</a></li>
2146
2147 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso</a></li>
2148
2149 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso .</li>
2150
2151 </ul>
2152
2153 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 1e357f80b55e703523f2254adde6d78b
2154 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 7157f9be5fd27c7694d713c6ecfed61c3edda3b2</p>
2155
2156 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
2157
2158 <ul>
2159
2160 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso</a></li>
2161 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso</a></li>
2162 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso .</li>
2163
2164 </ul>
2165
2166 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 7a8408ead59cf7e3cef25afb6e91590b
2167 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: f1817c031f02790d5edb3bfa0dcf8451088ad119</p>
2168
2169
2170 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
2171
2172 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
2173
2174       </div>
2175       <div class="tags">
2176
2177
2178         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2179
2180
2181       </div>
2182     </div>
2183     <div class="padding"></div>
2184
2185     <div class="entry">
2186       <div class="title">
2187         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_beta_release_of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">First beta release of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
2188       </div>
2189       <div class="date">
2190         27th July 2013
2191       </div>
2192       <div class="body">
2193         <p>The first wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
2194 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
2195
2196 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b0 released
2197 2013-07-27</strong></p>
2198
2199 <p>These are the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
2200 7.1+edu0~b0, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
2201
2202 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
2203
2204 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
2205 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
2206 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
2207 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
2208 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
2209 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
2210 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
2211 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
2212 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
2213 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
2214 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
2215 desktop contains
2216 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
2217 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
2218 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
2219 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
2220
2221 <p>This is the fifth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
2222 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
2223 Squeeze release.</p>
2224
2225 <p>ALERT: Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
2226 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
2227 release.</p>
2228
2229 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
2230
2231 <ul>
2232
2233 <li>Switched roaming workstation profiles from wicd to network-manager
2234    for network configuration, as wicd didn't work any more.</li>
2235 <li>Changed version numbers of patched gosa and libpam-mklocaluser
2236    packages to make sure our locally patched versions will be replaced
2237    by the official packages when they are released from Debian. Those
2238    installing alpha version need to reinstall or manually downgrade gosa
2239    and libpam-mklocaluser.</li>
2240 <li>Added bluetooth tools to the default desktop (bluedevil, blueman).</li>
2241 <li>Added tools for sharing the desktop on KDE (krdc, krfb).</li>
2242 <li>Added valgrind to the default installation for easier debugging of
2243    crash bugs.</li>
2244
2245 </ul>
2246
2247 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
2248
2249 <ul>
2250
2251 <li>Fixed artwork package to work with gnome, no longer break
2252    desktop=gnome installations.</li>
2253 <li>Adjusted installer to now work when forced to use a proxy with the
2254    netinst CD.</li>
2255 <li>Fixed code detecting and setting/loading hardware specific
2256    setup/firmware to work more robust out of the box.</li>
2257 <li>Adjusted Kerberos setup to detect realm and server settings at
2258    install time instead of dynamically at run time. This avoid a crash
2259    with krb5-auth-dialog on diskless workstations without a DNS name.</li>
2260 <li>Worked around misfeature in network-manager not calling the dhclient
2261    exit hooks, causing automatic proxy configuration and automatic host
2262    name setting at run time to work again.</li>
2263 <li>Fixed feature setting the default Iceweasel start page from URL
2264    fetched from LDAP, to allow schools to set the global default by
2265    updating the dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no LDAP object.</li>
2266 <li>Changed default host name on all networked machines to be unique
2267    (generated from MAC or reverse DNS) after boot.</li>
2268 <li>Adjusted partition sizes to make sure they are big enough.</li>
2269
2270 </ul>
2271
2272 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
2273
2274 <ul>
2275
2276 <li>Grub is missing the new artwork.</li>
2277 <li>KDE fail to understand the wpad.dat file provided, causing it to
2278     not use the http proxy as it should.</li>
2279 <li>Chromium also fail to use the proxy.</li>
2280
2281 </ul>
2282
2283 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
2284
2285 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
2286
2287 <ul>
2288
2289 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso</a></li>
2290
2291 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso</a></li>
2292
2293 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso .</li>
2294
2295 </ul>
2296
2297 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 55d5de9765b6dccd5d9ec33cf1a07109
2298 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 996a1d9517740e4d627d100de2d12b23dd545a3f</p>
2299
2300 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
2301
2302 <ul>
2303
2304 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso</a></li>
2305 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso</a></li>
2306 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso .</li>
2307
2308 </ul>
2309
2310 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: d8f0818c51a78d357de794066f289f69
2311 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 49185ca354e8d0543240423746924f76a6cee733</p>
2312
2313
2314 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
2315
2316 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
2317
2318       </div>
2319       <div class="tags">
2320
2321
2322         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2323
2324
2325       </div>
2326     </div>
2327     <div class="padding"></div>
2328
2329     <div class="entry">
2330       <div class="title">
2331         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/July_13th__Debian_Ubuntu_BSP_and_Skolelinux_Debian_Edu_developer_gathering_in_Oslo.html">July 13th: Debian/Ubuntu BSP and Skolelinux/Debian Edu developer gathering in Oslo</a>
2332       </div>
2333       <div class="date">
2334          9th July 2013
2335       </div>
2336       <div class="body">
2337         <p>The upcoming Saturday, 2013-07-13, we are organising a combined
2338 Debian Edu developer gathering and Debian and Ubuntu bug squashing
2339 party in Oslo.  It is organised by <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">the
2340 member assosiation NUUG</a> and
2341 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">the Debian Edu / Skolelinux
2342 project</a> together with <a href="http://bitraf.no/">the hack space
2343 Bitraf</a>.</p>
2344
2345 <p>It starts 10:00 and continue until late evening.  Everyone is
2346 welcome, and there is no fee to participate.  There is on the other
2347 hand limited space, and only room for 30 people.  Please put your name
2348 on <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/BSP/2013/07/13/no/Oslo">the event
2349 wiki page</a> if you plan to join us.</p>
2350
2351       </div>
2352       <div class="tags">
2353
2354
2355         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
2356
2357
2358       </div>
2359     </div>
2360     <div class="padding"></div>
2361
2362     <div class="entry">
2363       <div class="title">
2364         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fourth_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Fourth alpha release of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
2365       </div>
2366       <div class="date">
2367          3rd July 2013
2368       </div>
2369       <div class="body">
2370         <p>The fourth wheezy based alpha release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
2371 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
2372
2373 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~alpha3 released
2374 2013-07-03</strong></p>
2375
2376 <p>These are the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
2377 7.1+edu0~alpha3, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
2378
2379 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
2380
2381 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
2382 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
2383 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
2384 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
2385 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
2386 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
2387 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
2388 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
2389 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
2390 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
2391 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
2392 desktop contains
2393 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
2394 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
2395 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
2396 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
2397
2398 <p>This is the fourth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
2399 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
2400 Squeeze release.</p>
2401
2402 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
2403 <ul>
2404   <li>Dropped ispell dictionaries from our default installation.</li>
2405   <li>Dropped menu-xdg from the KDE desktop option, to drop the Debian
2406     submenu.  It was not included with Gnome, LXDE or Xfce, so this
2407     brings KDE in line with the others.</li>
2408   <li>Dropped xdrawchem, xjig and xsok from our default installation as
2409     they don't have a desktop menu entry and thus won't show up in the
2410     menu now that menu-xdg was removed.</li>
2411   <li>Removed the killer system to kill left behind processes on
2412     multi-user machines, as it was no longer able to understand when a
2413     X display was in use and killed the processes of the active users
2414     too.</li>
2415   <li>Dropped the golearn (from goplay) package as the debtags in wheezy
2416     are too few to make the package useful.</li>
2417 </ul>
2418 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
2419 <ul>
2420   <li>Updated artwork matching http://wiki.debian.org/DebianArt/Themes/Joy
2421   <li>Multi-arch i386/amd64 USB stick ISO available.</li>
2422   <li>Got rid of ispell/wordlist related debconf questions that showed
2423     up for some language options.</li>
2424   <li>Switched to using http.debian.net as APT source by default.</li>
2425   <li>Fixed proxy configuration on Main Server installations.</li>
2426   <li>Changed LTSP setup to ask dpkg to use force-unsafe-io the same way
2427     d-i is doing it.</li>
2428   <li>Made sure root and user passwords were not left behind in the
2429     debconf database after installation on Main Server installations.</li>
2430   <li>Made Roaming Workstation dynamic setup more robust and added draft
2431     script setup-ad-client to hook a Roaming Workstation up to a
2432     Active Directory server instead of a Debian Edu Main Server.</li>
2433   <li>Update system to install needed firmware packages during
2434     installation, to work properly in Wheezy.</li>
2435   <li>Update system to handle hardware quirks (debian-edu-hwsetup).</li>
2436   <li>Corrected PXE installation setup to properly pass selected desktop
2437     and keymap settings to PXE installation clients.</li>
2438   <li>LTSP diskless workstations use sshfs by default, allowing them to
2439     work without adding them to DNS and NIS netgroups for NFS access.</li>
2440 </ul>
2441 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
2442 <ul>
2443   <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
2444     available yet (698840).</li>
2445   <li>Artwork not enabled for all desktops.</li>
2446 </ul>
2447 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
2448
2449 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
2450 <ul>
2451   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso</a></li>
2452   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso</a></li>
2453   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso .</li>
2454 </ul>
2455
2456 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 2b161a99d2a848c376d8d04e3854e30c
2457 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 498922e9c508c0a7ee9dbe1dfe5bf830d779c3c8</p>
2458
2459 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
2460 <ul>
2461   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso</a></li>
2462   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso</a></li>
2463   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso .</li>
2464 </ul>
2465
2466 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 25e808e403a4c15dbef1d13c37d572ac
2467 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 15ecfc93eb6b4f453b7eb0bc04b6a279262d9721</p>
2468
2469 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
2470
2471 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
2472
2473       </div>
2474       <div class="tags">
2475
2476
2477         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2478
2479
2480       </div>
2481     </div>
2482     <div class="padding"></div>
2483
2484     <div class="entry">
2485       <div class="title">
2486         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_value_of_a_good_distro_wide_test_suite___.html">The value of a good distro wide test suite...</a>
2487       </div>
2488       <div class="date">
2489         22nd June 2013
2490       </div>
2491       <div class="body">
2492         <p>In the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
2493 Skolelinux</a> project, we include a post-installation test suite,
2494 which check that services are running, working, and return the
2495 expected results.  It runs automatically just after the first boot on
2496 test installations (using test ISOs), but not on production
2497 installations (using non-test ISOs).  It test that the LDAP service is
2498 operating, Kerberos is responding, DNS is replying, file systems are
2499 online resizable, etc, etc.  And it check that the PXE service is
2500 configured, which is the topic of this post.</p>
2501
2502 <p>The last week I've fixed the DVD and USB stick ISOs for our Debian
2503 Edu Wheezy release.  These ISOs are supposed to be able to install a
2504 complete system without any Internet connection, but for that to
2505 happen all the needed packages need to be on them.  Thanks to our test
2506 suite, I discovered that we had forgotten to adjust our PXE setup to
2507 cope with the new names and paths used by the netboot d-i packages.
2508 When Internet connectivity was available, the installer fall back to
2509 using wget to fetch d-i boot images, but when offline it require
2510 working packages to get it working.  And the packages changed name
2511 from debian-installer-6.0-netboot-$arch to
2512 debian-installer-7.0-netboot-$arch, we no longer pulled in the
2513 packages during installation.  Without our test suite, I suspect we
2514 would never have discovered this before release.  Now it is fixed
2515 right after we got the ISOs operational.</p>
2516
2517 <p>Another by-product of the test suite is that we can ask system
2518 administrators with problems getting Debian Edu to work, to run the
2519 test suite using <tt>/usr/sbin/debian-edu-test-install</tt> and see if
2520 any errors are detected.  This usually pinpoint the subsystem causing
2521 the problem.</p>
2522
2523 <p>If you want to help us help kids learn how to share and create,
2524 please join us on
2525 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu on
2526 irc.debian.org</a> and the
2527 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@</a> mailing
2528 list.</p>
2529
2530       </div>
2531       <div class="tags">
2532
2533
2534         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2535
2536
2537       </div>
2538     </div>
2539     <div class="padding"></div>
2540
2541     <div class="entry">
2542       <div class="title">
2543         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Victor_Ni_u.html">Debian Edu interview: Victor Nițu</a>
2544       </div>
2545       <div class="date">
2546         17th June 2013
2547       </div>
2548       <div class="body">
2549         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
2550 Skolelinux</a> distribution have users and contributors all around the
2551 globe.  And a while back, an enterprising young man showed up on
2552 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">our IRC channel
2553 #debian-edu</a> and started asking questions about how Debian Edu
2554 worked.  We answered as good as we could, and even convinced him to
2555 help us with translations.  And today I managed to get an interview
2556 with him, to learn more about him.</p>
2557
2558 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
2559
2560 <p>I'm a 25 year old free software enthusiast, living in Romania,
2561 which is also my country of origin. Back in 2009, at a New Year's Eve
2562 party, I had a very nice <strike>beer</strike> discussion with a
2563 friend, when we realized we have no organised Debian community in our
2564 country. A few days later, we put together the infrastructure for such
2565 community and even gathered a nice Debian-ish crowd. Since then, I
2566 began my quest as a free software hacker and activist and I am
2567 constantly trying to cover as much ground as possible on that
2568 field.</p>
2569
2570 <p>A few years ago I founded a small web development company, which
2571 provided me the flexible schedule I needed so much for my
2572 activities. For the last 13 months, I have been the Technical Director
2573 of <a href="http://ceata.org/">Fundația Ceata</a>, which is a free
2574 software activist organisation endorsed by the FSF and the FSFE, and
2575 the only one we have in our country.</p>
2576
2577 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
2578 project?</strong></p>
2579
2580 <p>The idea of participating in the Debian Edu project was a surprise
2581 even to me, since I never used it before I began getting involved in
2582 it. This year I had a great opportunity to deliver a talk on
2583 educational software, and I knew immediately where to look. It was a
2584 love at first sight, since I was previously involved with some of the
2585 technologies the project incorporates, and I rapidly found a lot of
2586 ways to contribute.</p>
2587
2588 <p>My first contributions consisted in translating the installer and
2589 configuration dialogs, then I found some bugs to squash (I still
2590 haven't fixed them yet though), and I even got my eyes on some other
2591 areas where I can prove myself helpful. Since the appetite for free
2592 software in my country is pretty low, I'll be happy to be the first
2593 one around here advocating for the project's adoption in educational
2594 environments, and maybe even get my hands dirty in creating a flavour
2595 for our own needs. I am not used to make very advanced plannings, so
2596 from now on, time will tell what I'll be doing next, but I think I
2597 have a pretty consistent starting point.</p>
2598
2599 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
2600 Edu?</strong></p>
2601
2602 <p>Not a long time ago, I was in the position of configuring and
2603 maintaining a LDAP server on some Debian derivative, and I must say it
2604 took me a while. A long time ago, I was maintaining a bigger
2605 Samba-powered infrastructure, and I must say I spent quite a lot of
2606 time on it. I have similar stories about many of the services included
2607 with Skolelinux, and the main advantage I see about it is the
2608 out-of-the box availability of them, making it quite competitive when
2609 it comes to managing a school's network, for example.</p>
2610
2611 <p>Of course, there is more to say about Skolelinux than the
2612 availability of the software included, its flexibility in various
2613 scenarios is something I can't wait to experiment "into the wild" (I
2614 only played with virtual machines so far). And I am sure there is a
2615 lot more I haven't discovered yet about it, being so new within the
2616 project.</p>
2617
2618 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2619 Edu?</strong></p>
2620
2621 <p>As usual, when it comes to Debian Blends, I see as the biggest
2622 disadvantage the lack of a numerous team dedicated to the
2623 project. Every day I see the same names in the changelogs, and I have
2624 a constantly fear of the bus factor in this story.  I'd like to see
2625 Debian Edu advertised more as an entry point into the Debian
2626 ecosystem, especially amongst newcomers and students. IMHO there are a
2627 lot low-hanging fruits in terms of bug squashing, and enough
2628 opportunities to get the feeling of the Debian Project's dynamics. Not
2629 to mention it's a very fun blend to work on!</p>
2630
2631 <p>Derived from the previous statement, is the delay in catching up
2632 with the main Debian release and documentation. This is common though
2633 to all blends and derivatives, but it's an issue we can all work
2634 on.</p>
2635
2636 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
2637
2638 <p>I can hardly imagine myself spending a day without Vim, since my
2639 daily routine covers writing code and hacking configuration files. I
2640 am a fan of the Awesome window manager (but I also like the
2641 Enlightenment project a lot!),
2642 <a href="http://www.claws-mail.org/‎">Claws Mail</a> due to its ease of
2643 use and very configurable behaviour. Recently I fell in love with
2644 <a href="https://launchpad.net/redshift">Redshift</a>, which helps me
2645 get through the night without headaches. Of course, there is much more
2646 stuff in this bag, but I'll need a blog on my own for doing this!</p>
2647
2648 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
2649 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
2650
2651 <p>Well, on this field, I cannot do much more than experiment right
2652 now. So, being far from having a recipe for success, I can only assume
2653 that:</p>
2654
2655 <ul>
2656
2657 <li>schools would like to get rid of proprietary software</li>
2658
2659 <li>students will love the openness of the system, and will want to
2660     experiment with it - maybe we need to harvest the native curiosity
2661     of teenagers more?</li>
2662
2663 <li>there is no "right one" when it comes to strategies, but it would
2664     be useful to have some success stories published somewhere, so
2665     other can get some inspiration from them (I know I'd promote
2666     them!)</li>
2667
2668 <li>more active promotion - talks, conferences, even small school
2669     lectures can do magical things if they encounter at least one
2670     person interested. Who knows who that person might be? ;-)</li>
2671
2672 </ul>
2673
2674 <p>I also see some problems in getting Skolelinux into schools; for
2675 example, in our country we have a great deal of corruption issues, so
2676 it might be hard(er) to fight against proprietary solutions. Also,
2677 people who relied on commercial software for all their lives, would be
2678 very hard to convert against their will.</p>
2679
2680       </div>
2681       <div class="tags">
2682
2683
2684         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
2685
2686
2687       </div>
2688     </div>
2689     <div class="padding"></div>
2690
2691     <div class="entry">
2692       <div class="title">
2693         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Jonathan_Carter.html">Debian Edu interview: Jonathan Carter</a>
2694       </div>
2695       <div class="date">
2696         12th June 2013
2697       </div>
2698       <div class="body">
2699         <p>There is a certain cross-over between the
2700 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
2701 project</a> and <a href="http://www.edubuntu.org/">the Edubuntu
2702 project</a>, and for example the LTSP packages in Debian are a joint
2703 effort between the projects.  One person with a foot in both camps is
2704 Jonathan Carter, which I am now happy to present to you.</p>
2705
2706 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
2707
2708 <p>I'm a South-African free software geek who lives in Cape Town. My
2709 days vary quite a bit since I'm involved in too many things. As I'm
2710 getting older I'm learning how to focus a bit more :)</p>
2711
2712 <p>I'm also an Edubuntu contributor and I love when there are
2713 opportunities for the Edubuntu and Debian Edu projects to benefit from
2714 each other.</p>
2715
2716 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
2717 project?</strong></p>
2718
2719 <p>I've been somewhat familiar with the project before, but I think my
2720 first direct exposure to the project was when I met Petter
2721 [Reinholdtsen] and Knut [Yrvin] at the Edubuntu summit in 2005 in
2722 London. They provided great feedback that helped the bootstrapping of
2723 Edubuntu. Back then Edubuntu (and even Ubuntu) was still very new and
2724 it was great getting input from people who have been around longer. I
2725 was also still very excitable and said yes to everything and to this
2726 day I have a big todo list backlog that I'm catching up with. I think
2727 over the years the relationship between Edubuntu and Debian-Edu has
2728 been gradually improving, although I think there's a lot that we could
2729 still improve on in terms of working together on packages. I'm sure
2730 we'll get there one day.</p>
2731
2732 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2733 Edu?</strong></p>
2734
2735 <p>Debian itself already has so many advantages. I could go on about
2736 it for pages, but in essence I love that it's a very honest project
2737 that puts its users first with no hidden agendas and also produces
2738 very high quality work.</p>
2739
2740 <p>I think the advantage of Debian Edu is that it makes many common
2741 set-up tasks simpler so that administrators can get up and running
2742 with a lot less effort and frustration. At the same time I think it
2743 helps to standardise installations in schools so that it's easier for
2744 community members and commercial suppliers to support.</p>
2745
2746 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2747 Edu?</strong></p>
2748
2749 <p>I had to re-type this one a few times because I'm trying to
2750 separate "disadvantages" from "areas that need improvement" (which is
2751 what I originally rambled on about)</p>
2752
2753 <p>The biggest disadvantage I can think of is lack of manpower. The
2754 project could do so much more if there were more good contributors. I
2755 think some of the problems are external too. Free software and free
2756 content in education is a no-brainer but it takes some time to catch
2757 on. When you've been working with the same proprietary eco-system for
2758 years and have gotten used to it, it can be hard to adjust to some
2759 concepts in the free software world. It would be nice if there were
2760 more Debian Edu consultants across the world. I'd love to be one
2761 myself but I'm already so over-committed that it's just not possible
2762 currently.</p>
2763
2764 <p>I think the best short-term solution to that large-scale problem is
2765 for schools to be pro-active and share their experiences and grow
2766 their skills in-house. I'm often saddened to see how much money
2767 educational institutions spend on 3rd party solutions that they don't
2768 have access to after the service has ended and they could've gotten so
2769 much more value otherwise by being more self-sustainable and
2770 autonomous.</p>
2771
2772 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
2773
2774 <p>My main laptop dual-boots between Debian and Windows 7. I was
2775 Windows free for years but started dual-booting again last year for
2776 some games which help me focus and relax (Starcraft II in
2777 particular). Gaming support on Linux is improving in leaps and bounds
2778 so I suppose I'll soon be able to regain that disk space :)</p>
2779
2780 <p>Besides that I rely on Icedove, Chromium, Terminator, Byobu, irssi,
2781 git, Tomboy, KVM, VLC and LibreOffice. Recently I've been torn on
2782 which desktop environment I like and I'm taking some refuge in Xfce
2783 while I figure that out. I like tools that keep things simple. I enjoy
2784 Python and shell scripting. I went to an Arduino workshop recently and
2785 it was awesome seeing how easy and simple the IDE software was to get
2786 up and running in Debian compared to the users running Windows and OS
2787 X.</p>
2788
2789 <p>I also use mc which some people frown upon slightly. I got used to
2790 using Norton Commander in the early 90's and it stuck (I think the
2791 people who sneer at it is just jealous that they don't know how to use
2792 it :p)
2793
2794 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
2795 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
2796
2797 <p>I think trying to force it is unproductive. I also think that in
2798 many cases it's appropriate for schools to use non-free systems and I
2799 don't think that there's any particular moral or ethical problem with
2800 that.</p>
2801
2802 <p>I do think though that free software can already solve so so many
2803 problems in educational institutions and it's just a shame not taking
2804 advantage of that.</p>
2805
2806 <p>I also think that some curricula need serious review. For example,
2807 some areas of the world rely heavily on very specific versions of MS
2808 Office, teaching students to parrot menu items instead of learning the
2809 general concepts. I think that's very unproductive because firstly, MS
2810 Office's interface changes drastically every few years and on top of
2811 that it also locks in a generation to a product that might not be the
2812 best solution for them.</p>
2813
2814 <p>To answer your question, I believe that the right strategy is to
2815 educate and inform, giving someone the information they require to
2816 make a decision that would work for them.</p>
2817
2818       </div>
2819       <div class="tags">
2820
2821
2822         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
2823
2824
2825       </div>
2826     </div>
2827     <div class="padding"></div>
2828
2829     <div class="entry">
2830       <div class="title">
2831         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Third alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
2832       </div>
2833       <div class="date">
2834         10th June 2013
2835       </div>
2836       <div class="body">
2837         <p>The third wheezy based alpha release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
2838 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
2839
2840 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.0.0 alpha2 released
2841 2013-06-10</strong></p>
2842
2843 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux 7.0.0 edu
2844 alpha2, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
2845
2846 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
2847
2848 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
2849 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
2850 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
2851 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
2852 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
2853 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
2854 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
2855 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
2856 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
2857 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
2858 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
2859 desktop contains
2860 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
2861 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
2862 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
2863 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
2864
2865 <p>This is the third test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
2866 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
2867 Squeeze release.</p>
2868
2869 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
2870
2871 <ul>
2872
2873 <li>Iceweasel was updated from 10 to 17. (DSA 2699-1)
2874 <li>Updated libxv (DSA-2674), libxvmc (DSA-2675), libxfixes (DSA-2676), libxrender (DSA-2677), mesa (DSA-2678), xserver-xorg-video-openchrome (DSA-2679), libxt (DSA-2680), libxcursor (DSA-2681), libxext (DSA-2682), libxi (DSA-2683), libxrandr (DSA-2684), libxp (DSA-2685), libxcb (DSA-2686), libfs (DSA-2687), libxres (DSA-2688), libxtst (DSA-2689), libxxf86dga (DSA-2690), libxinerama (DSA-2691), libxxf86vm (DSA-2692), libx11 (DSA-2693), chromium-browser (DSA-2695), gnutls26 (DSA-2697), wireshark (DSA-2700), krb5 (DSA-2701), telepathy-gabble (DSA-2702) and subversion (DSA-2703).
2875 <li>Switched xrdp on thin client servers to use tightvncserver instead of xvnc4.
2876 <li>Now install software oscilloscope xoscope by default.
2877 <li>Now install music tools gtick, lingot and pianobooster by default.
2878
2879 </ul>
2880
2881 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
2882
2883 <ul>
2884
2885 <li>The subnet-change script is now able to change all files needing a change on the main-server when changing the IP network used.
2886 <li>Updated translation of the installation.
2887 <li>New Romanian translation.
2888 <li>Fix security problem causing root and first user password to no longer show up in /var/cache/debconf/templates.dat.
2889 <li>Fix roaming workstation setup (Closed in libpam-mklocaluser/0.8, libpam-mklocaluser/0.8~deb7u1: #706753: libpam-mklocaluser: Fail to create local user during first login).
2890 <li>Made roaming workstation setup more robust in non-Debian Edu environments.
2891 <li>New script debian-edu-bless to transform a Debian installation to a Debian Edu profile.
2892 <li>Adjust Iceweasel setup to improve performance when $HOME is on NFS.
2893 <li>More testsuite tests.
2894 <li>Make automatic proxy configuration more robust.
2895 <li>Adjust GOsa² GUI configuration.
2896
2897 <li>Update thin client and diskless workstation setup to work with
2898 LTSP in Wheezy.</li>
2899
2900 <li>Diskless workstations now run out of the box -- no need to set
2901 them up with GOsa².</li>
2902
2903 <li>Update IMAP server setup. </li>
2904
2905 <li>Fix login into Skolelinux Backup Tool (Closed in
2906 slbackup-php/0.4.4-1: #700257: slbackup-php: Fails to submit correctly
2907 entered password). </li>
2908
2909 </ul>
2910
2911 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
2912
2913 <ul>
2914
2915 <li>DVD binary and source images are not yet ready.</li>
2916
2917 <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
2918 available yet (Open in gosa/2.7.4-4: #698840: gosa-plugin-ldapmanager:
2919 missing import feature).</li>
2920
2921 <li>Missing artwork for the KDE desktop (and probably a few others). </li>
2922
2923 <li>KDE Debian submenu lacks icons (Closed: #502192: menu-xdg: invents
2924 own icon names instead of using existing). This will remain
2925 unfixed.</li>
2926
2927 </ul>
2928
2929 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
2930
2931 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
2932
2933 <ul>
2934
2935 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso</a></li>
2936
2937 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso</a></li>
2938
2939 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso .</li>
2940
2941 </ul>
2942
2943 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 27bbcace407743382f3c42c08dbe8178
2944 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: e35f7d7908566cd3075375b3721fa10ee420d419</p>
2945
2946 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
2947
2948 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
2949
2950       </div>
2951       <div class="tags">
2952
2953
2954         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2955
2956
2957       </div>
2958     </div>
2959     <div class="padding"></div>
2960
2961     <div class="entry">
2962       <div class="title">
2963         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Is_there_a_PHP_expert_in_the_building___Debian_Edu_need_help_.html">Is there a PHP expert in the building?  Debian Edu need help!</a>
2964       </div>
2965       <div class="date">
2966          5th June 2013
2967       </div>
2968       <div class="body">
2969         <p>Here is a call for help from the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project.
2970 We have two problems blocking the release of the Wheezy version we
2971 hope to get released soon.  The two problems require some with PHP
2972 skills, and we seem to lack anyone with both time and PHP skills in
2973 the project:
2974
2975 <ol>
2976
2977 <li>It is impossible to log into the slbackup web interface
2978   (slbackup-php) using the root user and password.  This is
2979   <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/700257">BTS report #700257</a>.
2980   This used to work, but stopped working some time since Squeeze.
2981   Perhaps some obsolete PHP feature was used?</li>
2982
2983 <li>It is not possible to "mass import" user lists in Gosa, neither
2984   using ldif nor using CSV files.  The feature was disabled after a
2985   major rewrite of Gosa, and need to be ported to the new system.
2986   This is <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/698840">BTS report
2987   #698840</a>.</li>
2988
2989 </ol>
2990
2991 <p>If you can help us, please join us on IRC
2992 (<a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu on
2993 irc.debian.org</a>) and provide patches via the BTS.</p>
2994
2995       </div>
2996       <div class="tags">
2997
2998
2999         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3000
3001
3002       </div>
3003     </div>
3004     <div class="padding"></div>
3005
3006     <div class="entry">
3007       <div class="title">
3008         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__C_dric_Boutillier.html">Debian Edu interview: Cédric Boutillier</a>
3009       </div>
3010       <div class="date">
3011          4th June 2013
3012       </div>
3013       <div class="body">
3014         <p>It has been a while since my last English
3015 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
3016 interview last November.  But the developers and translators are still
3017 pulling along to get the Wheezy based release out the door, and this
3018 time I managed to get an interview from one of the French translators
3019 in the project, Cédric Boutillier.</p>
3020
3021 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
3022
3023 <p>I am 34 year old. I live near Paris, France. I am an assistant
3024 professor in probability theory. I spend my daytime teaching
3025 mathematics at the university and doing fundamental research in
3026 probability in connexion with combinatorics and statistical physics.</p>
3027
3028 <p>I have been involved in the Debian project for a couple of years
3029 and became Debian Developer a few months ago. I am working on Ruby
3030 packaging, publicity and translation.</p>
3031
3032 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
3033 project?</strong></p>
3034
3035 <p>I came to the Debian Edu project after a call for translation of
3036 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Manuals">the
3037 Debian Edu manual</a> for the release of Debian Edu Squeeze. Since
3038 then, I have been working on updating the French translation of the
3039 manual.
3040
3041 <p>I had the opportunity to make an installation of Debian Edu in a
3042 virtual machine when I was preparing localised version of some screen
3043 shots for the manual. I was amazed to see it worked out of the box and
3044 how comprehensive the list of software installed by default was.</p>
3045
3046 <p>What amazed me was the complete network infrastructure directly
3047 ready to use, which can and the nice administration interface provided
3048 by <a href="https://oss.gonicus.de/labs/gosa/">GOsa²</a>.  What pleased
3049 me also was the fact that among the software installed by default,
3050 there were many "traditional" educative software to learn languages,
3051 to count, to program... but also software to develop creativity and
3052 artistic skills with music (<a href="http://ardour.org/">Ardour</a>,
3053 <a href="http://audacity.sourceforge.net/">Audacity</a>) and
3054 movies/animation (I was especially thinking of
3055 <a href="http://linuxstopmotion.sourceforge.net/">Stopmotion</a>).</p>
3056
3057 <p>I am following the development of Debian Edu and am hanging out on
3058 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu</a>.
3059 Unfortunately, I don't much time to get more involved in this
3060 beautiful project.</p>
3061
3062 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
3063 Edu?</strong></p>
3064
3065 <p>For me, the main advantages of Skolelinux/Debian Edu are its
3066 community of experts and its precise documentation, as well as the
3067 fact that it provides a solution ready to use.</p>
3068
3069 <p>I would add also the fact that it is based on the rock solid Debian
3070 distribution, which ensures stability and provides a huge collection
3071 of educational free software.</p>
3072
3073 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
3074 Edu?</strong></p>
3075
3076 <p>Maybe the lack of manpower to do lobbying on the
3077 project. Sometimes, people who need to take decisions concerning IT do
3078 not have all the elements to evaluate properly free software
3079 solutions. The fact that support by a company may be difficult to find
3080 is probably a problem if the school does not have IT personnel.</p>
3081
3082 <p>One can find support from a company by looking at
3083 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Help/ProfessionalHelp">the
3084 wiki dokumentation</a>, where some countries already have a number of
3085 companies providing support for Debian Edu, like Germany or
3086 Norway. This list is easy to find readily from the manual. However,
3087 for other countries, like France, the list is empty. I guess that
3088 consultants proposing support for Debian would be able to provide some
3089 support for Debian Edu as well.</p>
3090
3091 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
3092
3093 <p>I am using the KDE Plasma Desktop. But the pieces of software I use
3094 most runs in a terminal: Mutt and OfflineIMAP for emails, latex for
3095 scientific documents, mpd for music. VIM is my editor of choice.  I am
3096 also using the mathematical software
3097 <a href="http://www.scilab.org/en/scilab/about‎">Scilab</a> and
3098 <a href="http://www.sagemath.org/index.html‎">Sage</a> (built from
3099 source as not completely packaged for Debian, yet).
3100
3101 <p><strong>Do you have any suggestions for teachers interested in
3102 using the free software in Debian to teach mathematics and
3103 statistics?</strong></p>
3104
3105 <p>I do not have any "nice" recommendations for statistics. At our
3106 university, we use both <a href="http://www.r-project.org/‎">R</a> and
3107 Scilab to teach statistics and probabilistic simulations. For
3108 geometry, there are nice programs:</p>
3109
3110 <ul>
3111
3112 <li><a href="http://www.drgeo.eu/">drgeo</a> and
3113 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/applications/all/kig‎">kig</a> to do
3114 constructions in planar geometry
3115
3116 <li><a href="http://www.geom.uiuc.edu/software/download/kali.html">kali</a>
3117 to discover symmetry groups (the so-called wallpapers and frieze
3118 groups), although the interface looks a bit old.</li>
3119
3120 </ul>
3121
3122 <p>I like also
3123 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/applications/all/cantor">cantor</a>, which
3124 provides a uniform interface to SciLab, Sage,
3125 <a href="http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Octave‎">Octave</a>, etc...</p>
3126
3127 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
3128 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
3129
3130 <p>My suggestions would be to</p>
3131
3132 <ul>
3133
3134 <li>advertise the reduction of costs when free software is used.</li>
3135
3136 <li>communicate about the quality of free software projects, using
3137     well known examples like Firefox, ThunderBird and
3138     OpenOffice.org/LibreOffice.</li>
3139
3140 <li>advertise the living and strong community around the project.</li>
3141
3142 <li>show that it is not more difficult to use than any other
3143     system.</li>
3144
3145 </ul>
3146
3147       </div>
3148       <div class="tags">
3149
3150
3151         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
3152
3153
3154       </div>
3155     </div>
3156     <div class="padding"></div>
3157
3158     <div class="entry">
3159       <div class="title">
3160         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">Educational applications included in Debian Edu / Skolelinux (the screenshot collection :-)</a>
3161       </div>
3162       <div class="date">
3163          1st June 2013
3164       </div>
3165       <div class="body">
3166         <p>Included in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
3167 Skolelinux</a>, there are quite a lot of educational software.
3168 Created to help teachers teach, and pupils learn.  We have tried to
3169 tag them all using debtags use::learning and role::program, and using
3170 the debtags I was happy to be able to create a collage of the
3171 educational software packages installed by default, sorted by the
3172 debtag field.  Here it is.  Click on a image to learn more about the
3173 program.</p>
3174
3175 <!-- for f in $(debtags tagcat|grep field::|awk '{print $2}'); do   echo; echo "<p><strong>$f</strong></p>"; echo "<p>";   (     for p in $(debtags search --names "use::learning && interface::x11 && role::program && $f"); do img="<img src='http://screenshots.debian.net/thumbnail/$p' alt='$p'>"; if dpkg -s $p > /dev/null 2>&1; then           echo "<a href='http://packages.qa.debian.org/$p'>$img</a>"; fi;     done;   ) | LANG=C sort; echo "</p>"; done -->
3176
3177 <p><strong>field::arts</strong></p>
3178 <p>
3179 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=audacity'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/audacity.png' alt='audacity'></a>
3180 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
3181 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=denemo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/denemo.png' alt='denemo'></a>
3182 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=freebirth'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/freebirth.png' alt='freebirth'></a>
3183 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
3184 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gimp'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gimp.png' alt='gimp'></a>
3185 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=hydrogen'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/hydrogen.png' alt='hydrogen'></a>
3186 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=lilypond'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/lilypond.png' alt='lilypond'></a>
3187 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=lmms'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/lmms.png' alt='lmms'></a>
3188 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=rosegarden'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/rosegarden.png' alt='rosegarden'></a>
3189 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scribus'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scribus.png' alt='scribus'></a>
3190 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=solfege'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/solfege.png' alt='solfege'></a>
3191 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=stopmotion'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/stopmotion.png' alt='stopmotion'></a>
3192 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=tuxpaint'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/tuxpaint.png' alt='tuxpaint'></a>
3193 </p>
3194
3195 <p><strong>field::astronomy</strong></p>
3196 <p>
3197 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=celestia-gnome'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/celestia-gnome.png' alt='celestia-gnome'></a>
3198 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gpredict'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gpredict.png' alt='gpredict'></a>
3199 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kstars'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kstars.png' alt='kstars'></a>
3200 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=planets'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/planets.png' alt='planets'></a>
3201 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=stellarium'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/stellarium.png' alt='stellarium'></a>
3202 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xplanet'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xplanet.png' alt='xplanet'></a>
3203 </p>
3204
3205 <p><strong>field::biology:structural</strong></p>
3206 <p>
3207 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=pymol'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/pymol.png' alt='pymol'></a>
3208 </p>
3209
3210 <p><strong>field::chemistry</strong></p>
3211 <p>
3212 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=atomix'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/atomix.png' alt='atomix'></a>
3213 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=chemtool'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/chemtool.png' alt='chemtool'></a>
3214 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=easychem'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/easychem.png' alt='easychem'></a>
3215 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gchempaint'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gchempaint.png' alt='gchempaint'></a>
3216 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gdis'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gdis.png' alt='gdis'></a>
3217 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=ghemical'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/ghemical.png' alt='ghemical'></a>
3218 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gperiodic'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gperiodic.png' alt='gperiodic'></a>
3219 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kalzium'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kalzium.png' alt='kalzium'></a>
3220 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=pymol'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/pymol.png' alt='pymol'></a>
3221 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=viewmol'>[viewmol]</a>
3222 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xdrawchem'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xdrawchem.png' alt='xdrawchem'></a>
3223 </p>
3224
3225 <p><strong>field::electronics</strong></p>
3226 <p>
3227 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
3228 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gpsim'>[gpsim]</a>
3229 </p>
3230
3231 <p><strong>field::geography</strong></p>
3232 <p>
3233 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kgeography'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kgeography.png' alt='kgeography'></a>
3234 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=marble'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/marble.png' alt='marble'></a>
3235 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xplanet'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xplanet.png' alt='xplanet'></a>
3236 </p>
3237
3238 <p><strong>field::linguistics</strong></p>
3239 <p>
3240 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
3241 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kanagram'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kanagram.png' alt='kanagram'></a>
3242 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=khangman'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/khangman.png' alt='khangman'></a>
3243 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=klettres'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/klettres.png' alt='klettres'></a>
3244 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=parley'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/parley.png' alt='parley'></a>
3245 </p>
3246
3247 <p><strong>field::mathematics</strong></p>
3248 <p>
3249 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
3250 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=drgeo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/drgeo.png' alt='drgeo'></a>
3251 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
3252 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=geogebra'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/geogebra.png' alt='geogebra'></a>
3253 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=geomview'>[geomview]</a>
3254 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=grace'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/grace.png' alt='grace'></a>
3255 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=graphmonkey'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/graphmonkey.png' alt='graphmonkey'></a>
3256 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=graphthing'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/graphthing.png' alt='graphthing'></a>
3257 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kalgebra'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kalgebra.png' alt='kalgebra'></a>
3258 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kbruch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kbruch.png' alt='kbruch'></a>
3259 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kig'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kig.png' alt='kig'></a>
3260 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kmplot'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kmplot.png' alt='kmplot'></a>
3261 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=mathwar'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/mathwar.png' alt='mathwar'></a>
3262 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=rocs'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/rocs.png' alt='rocs'></a>
3263 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scratch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scratch.png' alt='scratch'></a>
3264 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=tuxmath'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/tuxmath.png' alt='tuxmath'></a>
3265 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xabacus'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xabacus.png' alt='xabacus'></a>
3266 </p>
3267
3268 <p><strong>field::physics</strong></p>
3269 <p>
3270 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
3271 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=step'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/step.png' alt='step'></a>
3272 </p>
3273
3274 <p><strong>field::TODO</strong></p>
3275 <p>
3276 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=blinken'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/blinken.png' alt='blinken'></a>
3277 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=cgoban'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/cgoban.png' alt='cgoban'></a>
3278 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
3279 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
3280 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gnuchess'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gnuchess.png' alt='gnuchess'></a>
3281 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gnugo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gnugo.png' alt='gnugo'></a>
3282 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gtans'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gtans.png' alt='gtans'></a>
3283 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=ktouch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/ktouch.png' alt='ktouch'></a>
3284 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=librecad'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/librecad.png' alt='librecad'></a>
3285 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scratch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scratch.png' alt='scratch'></a>
3286 </p>
3287
3288 <p>In total, 61 applications.  3 of them lacked screen shots on
3289 <a href="http://screenshot.debian.net">screenshot.debian.net</a>.  If
3290 you know of some packages we should install by default, please let us
3291 know on <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">IRC, #debian-edu
3292 on irc.debian.org</a>, or our
3293 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">mailing list
3294 debian-edu@</a>.</p>
3295
3296       </div>
3297       <div class="tags">
3298
3299
3300         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3301
3302
3303       </div>
3304     </div>
3305     <div class="padding"></div>
3306
3307     <div class="entry">
3308       <div class="title">
3309         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Nirosan_Thiyagalingam.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Nirosan Thiyagalingam</a>
3310       </div>
3311       <div class="date">
3312         24th May 2013
3313       </div>
3314       <div class="body">
3315         <p>En ting
3316 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektet</a> har
3317 hatt mye glede av er studentprosjekter.  F.eks.  er
3318 <a href="http://linuxstopmotion.org/">stillbildeanimasjonssystemet
3319 Stopmotion</a> resultat av et studentprosjekt i Skolelinux.  De siste
3320 månedene har en ivrig student veiledet av Marius Kotsbak i
3321 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRiSK</a> testet hva en
3322 kan få til med en datamaskin til NOK 400,- (antagelig 1700,- med
3323 skjerm, tastatur og mus) når det brukes i Skolelinux.  Jeg spurte han
3324 om et intervju.</p>
3325
3326 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
3327
3328 <p>Jeg heter Nirosan Thiyagalingam. Jeg er 24 år og studerer
3329 dataingeniør studiet ved Høgskolen i Sør Trøndelag. Interessen for
3330 data har siden ung alder vært tilstede og jeg har i tillegg alltid
3331 vært glad i å lære nye ting. Med teknologi som endres svært hurtig er
3332 det alltid noe nytt å lære.  Noe som igjen har gjort det svært
3333 interessant å følge med på utviklingen.  Jeg valgte dataingeniør
3334 studiet grunnet ønske om å lære enda mer om programmering og utvikling
3335 av store systemer.</p>
3336
3337 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
3338
3339 <p>Skolelinux prosjektet hørte jeg først om i media. Men det var først
3340 når jeg skulle velge bacheloroppgave at jeg fattet mer interesse for
3341 prosjektet. Et enkelt søk på nettet førte meg til skolelinux sine
3342 hjemmesider.  Informasjonen jeg fant der gjorde meg enda nysgjerrig og
3343 jeg valgte derfor en oppgave som gikk ut på å få en
3344 <a href="http://www.raspberrypi.org">Raspberry PI</a>.  Altså en
3345 ultra-billig datamaskin til å kjøre Debian Edu på lik linje med
3346 vanlige datamaskiner. I løpet av prosjektet ble det gjort mye
3347 forskning på nettet. Det var mye jeg måtte forstå rundt hvordan
3348 operativsystemet Linux fungerte før jeg kunne angripe
3349 problemet. Prøvde først å finne ut hvordan man kunne transformere en
3350 vanlig installasjon av Skolelinux til Raspberry PI, men dette var
3351 altfor vanskelig å jeg endte opp med mer spørsmål enn svar. Det ble
3352 videre opprettet kontakt med Skolelinux utviklere på IRC der jeg fikk
3353 diskutert hvilken retning jeg burde gå for å få til en fullverdig
3354 løsning. Det ble bestemt at jeg skulle gå for å først installere
3355 <a href="http://www.raspbian.org/">Raspian</a>. Dette er et
3356 operativsystem basert på Debian spesiallaget for Raspberry Pi sin
3357 maskinvare. Nå som Debian var installert på datamaskinen gjenstod det
3358 å installere de nødvendige Skolelinux pakkene for å få til et
3359 fullverdig system. Disse pakkene ble installert manuelt i første
3360 omgang, men ble senere installert automatisk via et script som Petter
3361 Reinholdtsen laget. Dette scriptet er så enkel å bruke at man er i
3362 gang med installasjonen i løpet av bare 5 minutter. Ikke nok med det,
3363 alt skjer helt automatisk. Alt i alt er jeg veldig fornøyd med
3364 resultatet av installasjonsprosessen. Raspberry Pi er en veldig svak
3365 maskin og det merkes godt når man har installert Skolelinux på
3366 den. Video og 3D-rendering fungerer utrolig dårlig, men nettsurfing og
3367 kontorprogrammer fungerer godt.  Det kan derfor konkluderes med at
3368 datamaskinen er egnet for enkle oppgaver.
3369
3370 <p>Jeg syns det er viktig påpeke at dette kun er startfasen av en slik
3371 løsning. På markedet finnes det nå maskiner som har bedre hardware enn
3372 Raspberry Pi. Det er store muligheter for at man kan klare å
3373 installere Skolelinux på disse også, og da forsvinner nok mest
3374 sannsynlig ytelsesproblemene med Video og 3D rendering også.</p>
3375
3376 <p>Det ble også prøvd med en løsning som gjorde at Raspberry Pi
3377 fungerte som en tynnklient. Denne løsningen hadde langt bedre ytelse
3378 med tanke på hastighet og brukeropplevelse. Men også her var video og
3379 3D rendering dårlig. Det ble brukt en liten Linux distribusjon kalt
3380 <a href="http://www.berryterminal.com/">BerryTerminal</a> for å få til
3381 dette.</p>
3382
3383 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
3384
3385 <p>Fordelen med Skolelinux er mange. At det er gratis er en stor
3386 fordel, men at det er så mange som er med på å utvikle det og
3387 vedlikeholde det er en enda større fordel. Allerede før jeg startet
3388 med prosjektet så jeg mange fordeler, og når jeg nærmet meg sluttfasen
3389 så jeg langt flere. At prosjektet skulle inneha en så høy kvalitet
3390 hadde jeg aldri trodd. En vanlig Skolelinux installasjon har de
3391 nødvendige programmene og funksjonen som både små og store skoler i
3392 tillegg til organisasjoner kan klare seg med.  At prosjektet tilbyr en
3393 så komplett løsning er en kjempefordel.  Installasjonen er knirkefri
3394 og det er svært enkelt å installere og komme i gang.</p>
3395
3396 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
3397
3398 <p>Ulempene jeg ser med prosjektet er ryddigheten av websidene. Selv
3399 om websidene er enkle og konsise er det allikevel ikke appellerende i
3400 like stor grad som for eksempel
3401 <a href="http://www.ubuntu.com">Ubuntu</a> sine sider.  Deres side
3402 tilbyr, i tillegg til godt design og presentasjon, en nettbasert
3403 emulator av deres operativsystem. Dette er en stor fordel slik jeg ser
3404 det.  Bortsett fra dette ser jeg absolutt ingen ulemper med
3405 Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
3406
3407 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
3408
3409 <p>Til daglig er jeg en flittig bruker av det åpne media
3410 sentersystemet <a href="http://xbmc.org/">XBMC</a>. Det enorme
3411 samfunnet rundt dette prosjektet har gjort dette til et program som
3412 dekker alles behov. Man kan tilpasse det akkurat slik man vil både med
3413 tanke på utseende og funksjoner ved installere plug-ins eller
3414 scripts.</p>
3415
3416 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
3417 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
3418
3419 <p>Strategien som burde brukes sett fra mine øyne er
3420 markedsføring. Jeg er sikker på at om flere skoler fikk et lite innsyn
3421 i hvor bra Skolelinux er så ville de ikke nølt med å gå over fra noe
3422 annet som koster de store summer. At skolelinux til de grader tilbyr
3423 en så komplett løsning bure komme frem. Enten via reklamekampanjer
3424 eller ved å sende ut folk til skoler for så å la skolenettverk
3425 ansvarlige få teste ut hvordan Skolelinux fungerer i praksis. Om det
3426 i tillegg ble utviklet gode websider og en emulator for å la brukere
3427 prøve operativsystemet ville nok dette ha styrket inntrykket
3428 betraktelig.</p>
3429
3430       </div>
3431       <div class="tags">
3432
3433
3434         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
3435
3436
3437       </div>
3438     </div>
3439     <div class="padding"></div>
3440
3441     <div class="entry">
3442       <div class="title">
3443         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_transform_a_Debian_based_system_to_a_Debian_Edu_installation.html">How to transform a Debian based system to a Debian Edu installation</a>
3444       </div>
3445       <div class="date">
3446         17th May 2013
3447       </div>
3448       <div class="body">
3449         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> is
3450 an operating system based on Debian intended for use in schools.  It
3451 contain a turn-key solution for the computer network provided to
3452 pupils in the primary schools.  It provide both the central server,
3453 network boot servers and desktop environments with heaps of
3454 educational software.  The project was founded almost 12 years ago,
3455 2001-07-02.  If you want to support the project, which is in need for
3456 cash to fund developer gatherings and other project related activity,
3457 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/donations.html">please
3458 donate some money</a>.
3459
3460 <p>A topic that come up again and again on the Debian Edu mailing
3461 lists and elsewhere, is the question on how to transform a Debian or
3462 Ubuntu installation into a Debian Edu installation.  It isn't very
3463 hard, and last week I wrote a script to replicate the steps done by
3464 the Debian Edu installer.</p>
3465
3466 <p>The script,
3467 <a href="http://anonscm.debian.org/viewvc/debian-edu/branches/wheezy/debian-edu-config/share/debian-edu-config/tools/debian-edu-bless?view=markup">debian-edu-bless<a/>
3468 in the debian-edu-config package, will go through these six steps and
3469 transform an existing Debian Wheezy or Ubuntu (untested) installation
3470 into a Debian Edu Workstation:</p>
3471
3472 <ol>
3473
3474 <li>Add skolelinux related APT sources.</li>
3475 <li>Create /etc/debian-edu/config with the wanted configuration.</li>
3476 <li>Install debian-edu-install to load preseeding values and pull in
3477     our configuration.</li>
3478 <li>Preseed debconf database with profile setup in
3479     /etc/debian-edu/config, and run tasksel to install packages
3480     according to the profile specified in the config above,
3481     overriding some of the Debian automation machinery.</li>
3482 <li>Run debian-edu-cfengine-D installation to configure everything
3483     that could not be done using preseeding.</li>
3484 <li>Ask for a reboot to enable all the configuration changes.</li>
3485
3486 </ol>
3487
3488 <p>There are some steps in the Debian Edu installation that can not be
3489 replicated like this.  Disk partitioning and LVM setup, for example.
3490 So this script just assume there is enough disk space to install all
3491 the needed packages.</p>
3492
3493 <p>The script was created to help a Debian Edu student working on
3494 setting up <a href="http://www.raspberrypi.org">Raspberry Pi</a> as a
3495 Debian Edu client, and using it he can take the existing
3496 <a href="http://www.raspbian.org/FrontPage‎">Raspbian</a> installation and
3497 transform it into a fully functioning Debian Edu Workstation (or
3498 Roaming Workstation, or whatever :).</p>
3499
3500 <p>The default setting in the script is to create a KDE Workstation.
3501 If a LXDE based Roaming workstation is wanted instead, modify the
3502 PROFILE and DESKTOP values at the top to look like this instead:</p>
3503
3504 <p><pre>
3505 PROFILE="Roaming-Workstation"
3506 DESKTOP="lxde"
3507 </pre></p>
3508
3509 <p>The script could even become useful to set up Debian Edu servers in
3510 the cloud, by starting with a virtual Debian installation at some
3511 virtual hosting service and setting up all the services on first
3512 boot.</p>
3513
3514       </div>
3515       <div class="tags">
3516
3517
3518         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3519
3520
3521       </div>
3522     </div>
3523     <div class="padding"></div>
3524
3525     <div class="entry">
3526       <div class="title">
3527         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Second alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
3528       </div>
3529       <div class="date">
3530         14th May 2013
3531       </div>
3532       <div class="body">
3533         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
3534 project</a> is making great progress and made its second Wheezy based
3535 release today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
3536
3537 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.0.0 alpha1 released
3538 2013-05-14</strong></p>
3539
3540 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux 7.0.0 edu
3541 alpha1, based on <a href="http://www.debian.org">Debian</a> with
3542 codename "Wheezy".</p>
3543
3544 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
3545
3546 <p>Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux, is a Linux distribution based
3547 on Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
3548 configured school network. Immediatly after installation a school
3549 server running all services needed for a school network is set up just
3550 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
3551 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
3552 initial installation of the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all
3553 other machines can be installed via the network.</p>
3554
3555 <p>This is the first test release based on Wheezy (which currently is
3556 not released yet). Basically this is an updated and slightly improved
3557 version compared to the Squeeze release.</p>
3558
3559 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
3560 <ul>
3561   <li>Install freemind (0.9.0) by default, and stop installing vym by
3562     default.</li>
3563   <li>Install chromium (26.0.1410.43) by default.</li>
3564   <li>Install goplay (0.5-1.1) to make golearn available by default.</li>
3565   <li>Updated support for Japanese input methods, now based on
3566     ibus-anthy.</li>
3567 </ul>
3568
3569 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
3570 <ul>
3571
3572   <li>Switched default file system from ext3 to ext4 for speed and
3573     reliability improvements.</li>
3574   <li>Got rid of unwanted winbind daemon and PAM setup activated because
3575     of <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/706434">706434</a>.</li>
3576   <li>Extended and improved the testsuite tests to detect more possible
3577     problems.</li>
3578   <li>Corrected proxy handling to not set http_proxy to a bogus
3579     direct:// URL.</li>
3580   <li>Corrected proxy setup for diskless workstations.</li>
3581   <li>Corrected PXE setup to use our updated udebs during installation.</li>
3582   <li>Made installation handling of low entropy level more robust.</li>
3583   <li>Create larger partitions for Roaming workstations and Thin client
3584     servers, to make room for all the software installed.</li>
3585   <li>Fix bug in Roaming workstation PAM setup, making it impossible to
3586     log in (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/706753">706753</a>).</li>
3587 </ul>
3588
3589 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
3590 <ul>
3591
3592   <li>IP resolution for the local hostname give useless IPv6 address
3593     (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/705900">705900</a>).  Only install
3594     libnss-myhostname on roaming workstations until it is fixed.</li>
3595   <li>DVD images are not yet ready.</li>
3596   <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
3597     available yet (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/698840">698840</a>).</li>
3598   <li>Missing artwork for the KDE desktop (and probably a few others).</li>
3599   <li>KDE Debian submenu lacks icons.</li>
3600   <li>LXDE menu lacks entry for changing GOsa password
3601     (website). Installing gosa-desktop will be an option.</li>
3602   <li>Backup configuration via web interface is impossible due to
3603     password submission problem
3604     (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/700257">700257</a>).</li>
3605
3606 </ul>
3607
3608 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
3609
3610 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
3611 <ul>
3612
3613   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</a></li>
3614   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</a></li>
3615   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</li>
3616
3617 </ul>
3618
3619 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 685ed76c1aa8e44b12d3fde21faf450b</p>
3620
3621 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 6c874de157024da13e115bab29c068080a11ec4c</p>
3622
3623 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
3624
3625 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
3626
3627       </div>
3628       <div class="tags">
3629
3630
3631         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3632
3633
3634       </div>
3635     </div>
3636     <div class="padding"></div>
3637
3638     <div class="entry">
3639       <div class="title">
3640         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Narvik_sparer_minst_9_millioner_p____bruke_Skolelinux.html">Narvik sparer minst 9 millioner på å bruke Skolelinux</a>
3641       </div>
3642       <div class="date">
3643         10th May 2013
3644       </div>
3645       <div class="body">
3646         <p>I fjor sommer ble jeg
3647 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">gledelig
3648 overrasket</a> over et oppslag i avisen Fremover om Narvik kommunes
3649 bruk av <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>.  Oppslaget
3650 var basert på et notat som besvarte spørsmål fra ordfører Tor Nysæter
3651 og rådgiver for skolesektoren, Petter Falkbu, om bruken av Skolelinux
3652 i Narvikskolene og konstnaden ved å gå over til Windows.  For litt
3653 over en uke siden siden fikk jeg endelig bedt kommunen om å få innsyn
3654 i dette notatet, og det ble oversendt på epost tirsdag.  Jeg fikk
3655 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/pub/offentliginnsyn/from-Narvik-kommune/2013-04-29-09:12-skolelinux-notat/PetterFalkbuogwindowsfornarvikskolen%20(L)351310.pdf">lagt
3656 ut notatet</a> samme dag, og fikk i dag sjekket postlista til Narvik,
3657 der jeg fant notatet som
3658 <a href="https://www.narvik.kommune.no/innsyn.aspx?response=arkivsak_detaljer&arkivsakid=2013001023&scripturi=/innsyn.aspx&skin=infolink&Mid1=301&">sak
3659 2013/1023</a>.</p>
3660
3661 <p>Notatet forteller at Narvik ville måtte betalt minst 9 millioner
3662 for å gå over til Windows på skolene.  I tillegg dokumenterer notatet
3663 at læreplanens krav oppfylles uten problemer ved bruk av Skolelinux.
3664 Jeg anbefaler alle å lese de 10 sidene med gode argumenter for å kutte
3665 unødige utgifter på IT i skoleverket. :)</p>
3666
3667       </div>
3668       <div class="tags">
3669
3670
3671         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
3672
3673
3674       </div>
3675     </div>
3676     <div class="padding"></div>
3677
3678     <div class="entry">
3679       <div class="title">
3680         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Wheezy_is_out___and_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_should_soon_follow___newinwheezy.html">Debian Wheezy is out - and Debian Edu / Skolelinux should soon follow! #newinwheezy</a>
3681       </div>
3682       <div class="date">
3683          5th May 2013
3684       </div>
3685       <div class="body">
3686         <p>When I woke up this morning, I was very happy to see that the
3687 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2013/20130504">release announcement
3688 for Debian Wheezy</a> was waiting in my mail box.  This is a great
3689 Debian release, and I expect to move my machines at home over to it fairly
3690 soon.</p>
3691
3692 <p>The new debian release contain heaps of new stuff, and one program
3693 in particular make me very happy to see included.  The
3694 <a href="http://scratch.mit.edu/">Scratch</a> program, made famous by
3695 the <a href="http://www.code.org/">Teach kids code</a> movement, is
3696 included for the first time.  Alongside similar programs like
3697 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/kturtle/">kturtle</a> and
3698 <a href="http://wiki.sugarlabs.org/go/Activities/Turtle_Art">turtleart</a>,
3699 it allow for visual programming where syntax errors can not happen,
3700 and a friendly programming environment for learning to control the
3701 computer.  Scratch will also be included in the next release of Debian
3702 Edu.</a>
3703
3704 <p>And now that Wheezy is wrapped up, we can wrap up the next Debian
3705 Edu/Skolelinux release too.  The
3706 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/2013/04/msg00132.html">first
3707 alpha release</a> went out last week, and the next should soon
3708 follow.<p>
3709
3710       </div>
3711       <div class="tags">
3712
3713
3714         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3715
3716
3717       </div>
3718     </div>
3719     <div class="padding"></div>
3720
3721     <div class="entry">
3722       <div class="title">
3723         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">First alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
3724       </div>
3725       <div class="date">
3726         26th April 2013
3727       </div>
3728       <div class="body">
3729         <p>The Debian Edu / Skolelinux project is still going strong and made
3730 its first Wheezy based release today.  This is the release
3731 announcement:</p>
3732
3733 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu ~7.0.0 alpha0 released
3734 2013-04-26</strong></p>
3735
3736 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux ~7.0.0
3737 edu alpha0, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
3738
3739 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
3740
3741 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
3742 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
3743 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
3744 network. Immediatly after installation a school server running all
3745 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
3746 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
3747 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
3748 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
3749 installed via the network.</p>
3750
3751 <p>This is the first test release based on Wheezy (which currently is
3752 not released yet). Basically this is an updated and slightly improved
3753 version compared to the Squeeze release.</p>
3754
3755 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
3756
3757 <ul>
3758 <li>Everything which is new in Debian Wheezy, eg:
3759   <ul>
3760      <li>Linux kernel 3.2.x</li>
3761      <li>Desktop environments KDE "Plasma" 4.8.4, GNOME 3.4, and LXDE 4
3762          (KDE is installed by default; to choose GNOME or LXDE: see
3763          manual.)</li>
3764      <li>Web browser Iceweasel 10 ESR</li>
3765      <li>LibreOffice 3.5.4</li>
3766      <li>LTSP 5.4.2</li>
3767      <li>GOsa 2.7.4</li>
3768      <li>CUPS print system 1.5.3</li>
3769      <li>Educational toolbox GCompris 12.01</li>
3770      <li>Music creator Rosegarden 12.04</li>
3771      <li>Image editor Gimp 2.8.2</li>
3772      <li>Virtual universe Celestia 1.6.1</li>
3773      <li>Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.11.3</li>
3774      <li>Scratch visual programming environment 1.4.0.6</li>
3775      <li>New version of debian-installer from Debian Wheezy, see
3776          <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/installmanual">installation
3777          manual</a> for more details.</li>
3778      <li>Debian Wheezy includes about 37000 packages available for
3779          installation.</li>
3780      <li>More information about Debian Wheezy 7.0 is provided in the
3781          <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/releasenotes">release notes</a> and the <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/installmanual">installation manual</a>.</li>
3782   </ul></li>
3783 </ul>
3784
3785 <p><strong>Documentation</strong></p>
3786 <ul>
3787 <li>The (<a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy">English</a>) Debian Edu Wheezy Manual is fully translated to
3788     German, French, Italian and Danish. Partly translated versions exist
3789     for Norwegian Bokmal and Spanish.</li>
3790 </ul>
3791
3792 <p><Strong>LDAP related changes</strong></p>
3793 <ul>
3794 <li>Slight changes to some objects and acls to have more types to
3795     choose from when adding systems in GOsa. Now systems can be of type
3796     server, workstation, printer, terminal or netdevice.</li>
3797 </ul>
3798
3799 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
3800 <ul>
3801 <li>LTSP clients start as diskless workstation / thin client can be
3802     configured via command line argument -- or individually adding an
3803     entry in lts.conf or LDAP.<li>
3804 <li>GOsa gui: Now some options that seemed to be available, but are non
3805     functional, are greyed out (or are not clickable). Some tabs are
3806     completely hidden to the end user, others even to the GOsa admin.</li>
3807 </ul>
3808
3809 <p><strong>Regressions</strong></p>
3810 <ul>
3811 <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv) available
3812     yet.</li>
3813 </ul>
3814
3815 <p><strong>No updated artwork</strong></p>
3816
3817 <ul>
3818 <li>Updated artwork which is visible during installation, in the login
3819     screen and as desktop wallpaper is still missing or the same as we
3820     had for our Squeeze based release.</li>
3821 </ul>
3822
3823 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
3824
3825 To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use
3826 <ul>
3827 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</a></li>
3828 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</a></li>
3829 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</li>
3830 </ul>
3831
3832 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: c5e773ddafdaa4f48c409c682f598b6c</p>
3833
3834 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 25934fabb9b7d20235499a0a51f08ce6c54215f2</p>
3835
3836 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
3837
3838 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
3839
3840       </div>
3841       <div class="tags">
3842
3843
3844         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3845
3846
3847       </div>
3848     </div>
3849     <div class="padding"></div>
3850
3851     <div class="entry">
3852       <div class="title">
3853         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_developer_gathering_in_2013_take_place_in_Trondheim.html">First Debian Edu / Skolelinux developer gathering in 2013 take place in Trondheim</a>
3854       </div>
3855       <div class="date">
3856         16th April 2013
3857       </div>
3858       <div class="body">
3859         <p>This years first <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux /
3860 Debian Edu</a> developer gathering take place the coming weekend in Trondheim.
3861 Details about the gathering can be found
3862 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering/2013-04-19-21-Trondheim">on
3863 the FRiSK wiki</a>.  The dates are 19-21th of April 2013, and online
3864 participation for those unable to make it in person is very welcome,
3865 and I plan to participate online myself as I could not leave Oslo this
3866 weekend.</p>
3867
3868 <p>The focus of the gathering is to work on the web pages and project
3869 infrastructure, and to continue the work on the Wheezy based Debian
3870 Edu release.</p>
3871
3872 <p>See you on <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">IRC, #debian-edu on irc.debian.org,</a> then?</p>
3873
3874       </div>
3875       <div class="tags">
3876
3877
3878         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3879
3880
3881       </div>
3882     </div>
3883     <div class="padding"></div>
3884
3885     <div class="entry">
3886       <div class="title">
3887         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_6_got_a_video_review_from_Pcwizz.html">Skolelinux 6 got a video review from Pcwizz</a>
3888       </div>
3889       <div class="date">
3890         17th March 2013
3891       </div>
3892       <div class="body">
3893         <p>Via
3894 <a href="https://twitter.com/pcwizz/status/313044373262716930">twitter</a>
3895 I just discovered that <a href="http://pcwizz.net/">Pcwizz</a> have
3896 done a <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wPzTZ61Pcuc">video
3897 review</a> on Youtube of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux
3898 / Debian Edu</a> version 6.  He installed the standalone profile and
3899 the video show a walk-through of of the menu content, demonstration of
3900 a few programs and his view of our distribution.</p>
3901
3902 <p>There is also some really nice quotes (transcribed by me, might
3903 have heard wrong).  While looking thought the Graphics menu:</p>
3904
3905 <blockquote>
3906 "Basically everything you ever need in a school environment."
3907 </blockquote>
3908
3909 <p>And as a general evaluation of the entire distribution:</p>
3910
3911 <blockquote>
3912 "So, yeah, a bit bloated.  It kept all the Debian stuff in there, just
3913 to keep it nice and GNU.  So, I do not want to go on about it, but
3914 lets give it 7 out of 10.  I am not going to use it.  That is because
3915 I am not deploying a school network.  There may be some mythical
3916 feature to help you deploy Skolelinux on a school network."
3917 </blockquote>
3918
3919 <p>To bad he did not test the server profile, and discovered the PXE
3920 installation option.  It make it possible to install only the main
3921 server from CD, and the rest of the machines via the net, and might be
3922 considered the mythical feature he talk about. :)</p>
3923
3924 <p>While looking through the menus, there is also this funny comment
3925 about the part of the K menu generated from the Debian menu subsystem:
3926
3927 <blockquote>
3928 "[The K menu] have a special Debian section for software that no-one
3929 is going to look at, because it contain lots of junky stuff that you
3930 actually don't need in the education distribution, but have just been
3931 included because it isn't stripped out for some reason."
3932 </blockquote>
3933
3934 <p>I guess it is yet another argument for merging the Debian menu and
3935 Gnome/KDE desktop menu entries into
3936 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/Proposals/DebianMenuUsingDesktopEntries">one
3937 consistent menu system</a> instead of two incomplete and partly
3938 inconsistent menu systems.</p>
3939
3940 <p>The entire video is available below for those accepting iframe
3941 embedding:</p>
3942
3943 <iframe width="560" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/wPzTZ61Pcuc" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
3944
3945       </div>
3946       <div class="tags">
3947
3948
3949         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
3950
3951
3952       </div>
3953     </div>
3954     <div class="padding"></div>
3955
3956     <div class="entry">
3957       <div class="title">
3958         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_Squeeze_update_released.html">First Skolelinux / Debian Edu Squeeze update released</a>
3959       </div>
3960       <div class="date">
3961          8th March 2013
3962       </div>
3963       <div class="body">
3964         <p>Last Sunday, 2013-03-03,, Holger Levsen announced the first update
3965 of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
3966 based on Debian Squeeze.  This is the first update since
3967 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">the
3968 initial release 2012-03-11</a>.  This is the
3969 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2013/03/msg00000.html">release
3970 announcement email from Holger</a>:</p>
3971
3972 <blockquote><p>Hi,</p>
3973
3974 <p>it's my pleasure to announce the immediate availability of Debian
3975 Edu 6.0.7+r1 ("Debian Edu Squeeze").</p>
3976
3977 <p>Debian Edu 6.0.7+r1 is an incremental update to Debian Edu
3978 6.0.4+r0, containing all the changes between Debian 6.0.4 and 6.0.7 as
3979 well Debian Edu specific bugfixes and enhancements. See below (in this
3980 mail) for the full list of (edu) changes.  Please see
3981 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311">http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311</a>
3982 for more information on "Debian Edu Squeeze".</p>
3983
3984 <p>Images are available for download at
3985 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/</a></p>
3986
3987 <p>md5sums:
3988 <br>1fe79eb4f0f9ae1c58fc318e26cc1e2e  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-CD.iso
3989 <br>a6ddd924a8bd9a1b5ca122e8fe1c34ec  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-DVD.iso
3990 <br>ac6c72cd7925ccec51bfbf58e2a7c69c  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-source-DVD.iso</p>
3991
3992 <p>sha1sums:
3993 <br>a4b58233b672a99c7df8dc24fb6de3327654a5c3  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-CD.iso
3994 <br>9b524915e0ff2aa793f13d93123e5bd2bab2dbaa  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-DVD.iso
3995 <br>43997614893fc5e9e59ad6ce066b05d07fd836fa  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-source-DVD.iso</p>
3996
3997 <p>These images are suitable for amd64+i386.</p>
3998
3999 <p>Changes for Debian Edu 6.0.7+r1 Codename "Squeeze", released
4000 2013-03-03:</p>
4001
4002 <ul>
4003   <li>sitesummary was updated from 0.1.3 to 0.1.8
4004   <ul>
4005         <li>Make Nagios configuration more robust and efficient</li>
4006         <li>Comply with 3.X kernel</li>
4007   </ul></li>
4008   <li>debian-edu-doc from 1.4~20120310~6.0.4+r0 to 1.4~20130228~6.0.7+r1
4009   <ul>
4010         <li>Minor updates from the wiki</li>
4011         <li>Danish translation now complete</li>
4012   </ul></li>
4013   <li>debian-edu-config from 1.453 to 1.455
4014      <ul>
4015         <li>Fix /etc/hosts for LTSP diskless workstations. Closes: #699880</li>
4016         <li>Make ltsp_local_mount script work for multiple devices.</li>
4017         <li>Correct Kerberos user policy: don't expire password after 2 days.
4018                 Closes: #664596</li>
4019         <li>Handle '#' characters in the root or first users password.
4020                 Closes: #664976</li>
4021         <li>Fixes for gosa-sync:
4022            <ul>
4023                 <li>Don't fail if password contains "</li>
4024                 <li>Don't disclose new password string in syslog</li>
4025            </ul></li>
4026         <li>Fixes for gosa-create:
4027            <ul>
4028                 <li>Invalidate libnss cache before applying changes</li>
4029                 <li>Multiple failures during mass user import into GOsa²</li>
4030                 <li>gosa-netgroups plugin: don't erase entries of attribute type
4031                          "memberNisNetgroup". Closes: #687256</li>
4032                 <li>First user now uses the same Kerberos policy as all other users</li>
4033            </ul></li>
4034         <li>Add Danish web page</li>
4035     </ul>
4036   <li>debian-edu-install from 1.528 to 1.530
4037     <ul>
4038         <li>Improve preseeding support and documentation</li>
4039     </ul></li>
4040 </ul>
4041
4042 <p>End-user documentation in English is available at
4043 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/</a>
4044 - translations to French, Italian, Danish and German are available in
4045 the debian-edu-doc package. (Other languages could use your help!)</p>
4046
4047 <p>If you want to contribute to Debian Edu, please join our
4048 mailinglist
4049 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@lists.debian.org</a>!
4050 </p></blockquote>
4051
4052 <p>I am very happy to see the fruits of a year of hard work. :)</p>
4053
4054       </div>
4055       <div class="tags">
4056
4057
4058         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4059
4060
4061       </div>
4062     </div>
4063     <div class="padding"></div>
4064
4065     <div class="entry">
4066       <div class="title">
4067         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Helge_Tore_H_yland.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Helge Tore Høyland</a>
4068       </div>
4069       <div class="date">
4070         22nd February 2013
4071       </div>
4072       <div class="body">
4073         <p>Etter en lang pause og travle uker har jeg endelig klart å få
4074 samlet et nytt intervju med en av folkene i
4075 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet.
4076 Denne gang er det Helge Tore Høyland, en mangeårig bidragsyter på
4077 epostlistene og ellers i prosjektet.</p>
4078
4079 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
4080
4081 <p>Eg er IT-konsulent/teknikker hjå eit firma i Steinkjer med navn
4082 <a href="http://unoit.no/">Uno IT</a>.  Uno IT er eit lite firma som
4083 drifter nettverk og maskiner for små og mellomstore firma
4084 Steinkjer-området. Per dags dato er me 2 ansatte. Min faglege bakgrunn
4085 er Fagbrev som it-teknikker, samt nokre fag innen nettverk- og
4086 server-drift frå HiST og NTNU. Dagleg arbeid består i oppsett av nye
4087 maskiner og hjelp til sluttbrukere, samt oppsett og vedlikehold av eit
4088 vidt spekter av fagsystemer ute hjå kunder. Erfaring med Skolelinux
4089 har eg hatt i forbindelse med drifting av
4090 <a href="http://www.bjorkly.no/">Bjørkly skule</a>, ein privat
4091 grunnskule i Namsos-området.  I dag har skulen 65 elever, 15 lærere, 1
4092 hovedserver og ca 60 klienter som kjører halvtjukt.  Eg har bygd og
4093 driftet systemet sidan summaren 2006.</p>
4094
4095 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
4096
4097 <p>Eg kom i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet via ein artikkel i eit
4098 fagblad, som eg ikkje lenger hugsar namnet på.  I og med at eg allereie
4099 hadde pusla med nettverk for ein annan skule, fatta eg straks
4100 interesse for prosjektet.</p>
4101
4102 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
4103
4104 <p>Fordelane med Skolelinux er sentralisert administrasjon og svært
4105 mange gode verktøy «ut av boksen». Veldig kjekt å kunne drifte 60
4106 klientar med berre å «bry» seg med ein server. Levetid for systemets
4107 hardware er og ein veldig fin effekt. I tillegg kjem fordelar som økt
4108 sikkerhet og mindre lisenskostnader. Etter min erfaring er det og
4109 mykje mindre driftskostnader med eit slikt system enn konkurrerande
4110 system, pga enkelhet med sentralisert administrasjon. På grunn av at
4111 Skolelinux er basert på Debian er det òg svært stabilt.</p>
4112
4113 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
4114
4115 <p>Ulemper er mangel på vilje til å følge standarer ute i markedet,
4116 som fører til mangel på støtte til nokre mykje brukte ting. Flash og
4117 Java er typiske eksempel. Sidan Debian satsar på stabilitet framfor å
4118 ha nyeste pakke av eit program, kan ein i nokre tilfeller kome borti
4119 at program vert «for gamle». Det er spesielt nettlesaren som er
4120 utsett. Mangel på vilje til å utvikle pedagogisk programvare, i Noreg,
4121 for «alle» platformer fører òg til noko hovudbry.</p>
4122
4123 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
4124
4125 <p>Til dagleg bruker eg svært mange forskjellige «fri programvare»
4126 program.  Firefox, Thunderbird, Freecommander, ImgBurn, Clonezilla,
4127 OCS inventory, Icinga, Skolelinux, SystemRescueCD og mykje meir.</p>
4128
4129 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
4130 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
4131
4132 <p>Strategisk må ein fokusere på at sluttbruker eigentleg ikkje er så
4133 fokusert på at det er fri programvare men at det skal «berre fungere».
4134 Gjer det enkelt å bruker og ikkje minst å administrere. For Skolelinux
4135 sin del må ein få eit betre fokus på overganger. Utbytting av servere
4136 må gå meir automatisk, import og eksport av brukerbase og maskinbase
4137 med meir må kunne gå enkelt og oppgradering til neste versjon må bli
4138 mykje meir automatisk og gjennomtesta. Ein må unngå at ein må sette
4139 opp frå start når ein byter ut ein server eller oppgraderer til neste
4140 versjon. For å få Skolelinux til å bli eit betre alternativ for skular
4141 må ein ha fokus på nettlesaren. Denne må bli «up to date» og støtte
4142 dei protokollar og tillegg som vert brukt av forlag med meir.  Etter
4143 kvart som meir og meir blir flytta ut i «skya» vert dette viktigare og
4144 viktigare. Ein kunne ynskje og jobbe for at forlag med fleire tar i
4145 bruk opne standarer, men inntil det skjer, må systemet kunne brukast
4146 mot desse fagsystema.</p>
4147
4148 <p>For meg har prosjektet med Skolelinux vore ein svært artig og
4149 lærerik prosess. Miljøet rundt er ikkje enormt stort, dog stort nok,
4150 men det er svært hjelpevillig og engasjert.</p>
4151
4152       </div>
4153       <div class="tags">
4154
4155
4156         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4157
4158
4159       </div>
4160     </div>
4161     <div class="padding"></div>
4162
4163     <div class="entry">
4164       <div class="title">
4165         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_Christmas_present_for_Skolelinux___Debian_Edu.html">A Christmas present for Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
4166       </div>
4167       <div class="date">
4168         28th December 2012
4169       </div>
4170       <div class="body">
4171         <p>I was happy to discover a few days ago that the
4172 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
4173 project also this year received a Christmas present from Another
4174 Agency in Trondheim.  NOK 1000,- showed up on our donation account
4175 December 24th.  I want to express our thanks for this very welcome
4176 present.  As the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project is very short on
4177 funding these days, and thus lack the money to do regular developer
4178 gatherings, this donation was most welcome.  One developer gathering
4179 cost around NOK 15&nbsp;000,-, so we need quite a lot more to keep the
4180 development pace we want.  Thus, I hope their example this year is
4181 followed by many others. :)</p>
4182
4183 <p>The public list of donors can be found on
4184 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/donations.html">the
4185 donation page</a> for the project, which also contain instructions if
4186 you want to donate to the project.</p>
4187
4188       </div>
4189       <div class="tags">
4190
4191
4192         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4193
4194
4195       </div>
4196     </div>
4197     <div class="padding"></div>
4198
4199     <div class="entry">
4200       <div class="title">
4201         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ledger___double_entry_accounting_using_text_based_storage_format.html">Ledger - double-entry accounting using text based storage format</a>
4202       </div>
4203       <div class="date">
4204         18th December 2012
4205       </div>
4206       <div class="body">
4207         <p>A few days ago I came across
4208 <a href="http://joeyh.name/blog/entry/hledger/">a blog post from Joey
4209 Hess</a> describing <a href="http://ledger-cli.org/">ledger</a> and
4210 hledger, a text based system for double-entry accounting.  I found it
4211 interesting, as I am involved with several organizations where
4212 accounting is an issue, and I have not really become too friendly with
4213 the different web based systems we use.  I find it hard to find what I
4214 look for in the menus and even harder try to get sensible data out of
4215 the systems.  Ledger seem different.  The accounting data is kept in
4216 text files that can be stored in a version control system, and there
4217
4218 are at least <a href="https://github.com/ledger/ledger/wiki/Ports">five
4219 different implementations</a> able to read the format.  An example
4220 entry look like this, and is simple enough that it will be trivial to
4221 generate entries based on CVS files fetched from the bank:</p>
4222
4223 <blockquote><pre>
4224 2004-05-27 Book Store
4225       Expenses:Books                 $20.00
4226       Liabilities:Visa
4227 </pre></blockquote>
4228
4229 <p>The concept seemed interesting enough for me to check it out and
4230 look for others using it.  I found blog posts from
4231 <a href="http://blog.spang.cc/posts/hledger_rocks_my_world/">Christine
4232 Spang</a>,
4233 <a href="http://bugsplat.info/2010-05-23-keeping-finances-with-ledger.html">Pete
4234 Keen</a>,
4235 <a href="http://blog.andrewcantino.com/blog/2010/11/06/command-line-accounting-with-ledger-and-reckon/">Andrew
4236 Cantino</a> and
4237 <a href="http://blog.iphoting.com/blog/2012/11/29/command-line-double-entry-accounting/">Ronald
4238 Ip</a> describing how they use it, as well as a post from
4239 <a href="https://groups.google.com/forum/?fromgroups=#!topic/ledger-cli/r0oWjwbQ9Bo">Bradley
4240 M. Kuhn</a> at the Software Freedom Conservancy.  All seemed like good
4241 recommendations fitting my need.</p>
4242
4243 <p>The <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/l/ledger.html">ledger</a>
4244 package is available in Debian Squeeze, while the
4245 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/h/haskell-hledger.html">hledger</a>
4246 package only is available in Debian Sid.  As I use Squeeze, ledger
4247 seemed the best choice to get started.</p>
4248
4249 <p>To get some real data to test on, I wrote a
4250 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/tools/lodo2ledger">web scraper</a> for
4251 <a href="http://www.lodo.no/">LODO</a>, the accounting system used by
4252 the <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">NUUG</a> association, and started to
4253 play with the data set.  I'm not really deeply into accounting, but I
4254 am able to get a simple balance and accounting status for example
4255 using the "<tt>ledger balance</tt>" command.  But I will have to
4256 gather more experience before I know if the ledger way is a good fit
4257 for the organisations I am involved in.</p>
4258
4259       </div>
4260       <div class="tags">
4261
4262
4263         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
4264
4265
4266       </div>
4267     </div>
4268     <div class="padding"></div>
4269
4270     <div class="entry">
4271       <div class="title">
4272         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Angela_Fu_.html">Debian Edu interview: Angela Fuß</a>
4273       </div>
4274       <div class="date">
4275         14th November 2012
4276       </div>
4277       <div class="body">
4278         <p>Here is another interview with one of the people in the <a
4279 href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
4280 community.  I am running short on people willing to be interviewed, so
4281 if you know about someone I should interview, Please send me an email.
4282 After asking for many months, I finally managed to lure another one of
4283 the people behind the German
4284 "<a href="http://wiki.it-zukunft-schule.de/">IT-Zukunft Schule</a>"
4285 project out from maternity leave to conduct an interview.  Give a warm
4286 welcome to Angela Fuß. :)</p>
4287
4288 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4289
4290 <p>I am a 39-year-old woman living in the very north of Germany near
4291 Denmark. I live in a patchwork family with "my man" Mike Gabriel, my
4292 two daughters, Mikes daughter and Mikes and my rather newborn son.
4293
4294 <p>At the moment - because of our little baby - I am spending most of
4295 the day by being a caring and organising mom for all the kids.
4296 Besides that I am really involved into and occupied with several inner
4297 growth processes: New born souls always bring the whole familiar
4298 system into movement and that needs time and focus ;-).  We are also
4299 in the middle of buying a house and moving to it.</p>
4300
4301 <p>In 2013 I will work again in my job in a German foundation for
4302 nature conservation. I am doing public relation work there.  Besides
4303 that - and that is the connection to Skolelinux / Debian Edu - I am
4304 working in our own school project "IT-Zukunft Schule" in North
4305 Germany. I am responsible for the quality assurance, the customer
4306 relationship management and the communication processes in the
4307 project.</p>
4308
4309 <p>Since 2001 I constantly have been training myself in communication
4310 and leadership. Besides that I am a forester, a landscaping gardener
4311 and a yoga teacher.</p>
4312
4313 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
4314 project?</strong></p>
4315
4316 <p>I fell in love with Mike ;-).</p>
4317
4318 <p>Very soon after getting to know him I was completely enrolled into
4319 Free Software.  At this time Mike did IT-services for one newly
4320 founded school in Kiel. Other schools in Kiel needed concepts for
4321 their IT environment.  Often when Mike came home from working at the
4322 newly founded school I found myself listening to his complaints about
4323 several points where the communication with the schools head or the
4324 teachers did not work.  So we were clear that he would not work for
4325 one more school if we did not set up a structure for communication
4326 between him, the schools head, the teachers, the students and the
4327 parents.</p>
4328
4329 <p>Together with our friend and hardware supplier Andreas Buchholz we
4330 started to get an overview of free software solutions suitable for
4331 schools. One day before Christmas 2010 Mike and I had a date with Kurt
4332 Gramlich in Gütersloh. As Kurt and I are really interested in building
4333 networks of people and in being in communication we dived into
4334 Skolelinux and brought it to the first grammar schools in Northern
4335 Germany.</p>
4336
4337 <p>For information about our school project you can read
4338 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Mike_Gabriel.html">the
4339 interview with Mike Gabriel</a>.</p>
4340
4341 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
4342 Edu?</strong></p>
4343
4344 <p>First I have to say: I cannot answer this question technically. My
4345 answer comes rather from a social point of view.</p>
4346
4347 <p>The biggest advantage of Skolelinux / Debian Edu I see is the large
4348 and strong international community of Debian Developers in the
4349 background which is very alive and connected over mailinglists, blogs
4350 and meetings. My constant feeling for the Debian Community is: If
4351 something does not work they will somehow fix it. All is well
4352 ;-). This is of course a user experience.  What I also get as a big
4353 advantage of Skolelinux / Debian Edu is that everybody who uses it and
4354 works with it can also contribute to it - that includes students,
4355 teachers, parents...</p>
4356
4357 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
4358 Edu?</strong></p>
4359
4360 <p>I will answer this question relating to the internal structure of
4361 Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
4362
4363 <p>What I see as a major disadvantage is that there is a gap between
4364 the group of developers for Debian Edu and the people who make the
4365 marketing, that means the people that bring Skolelinux to the
4366 schools. There is a lack of communication between these two groups and
4367 I think that does not really work for Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
4368
4369 <p>Further I appreciate that Skolelinux / Debian Edu is known as a
4370 do-ocracy. Nevertheless I keep asking myself if at some points a
4371 democracy or some kind of hierarchical project structure would be good
4372 and helpful.  I am also missing some kind of contact between the
4373 Skolelinux / Debian Edu communities in Europe or on an international
4374 level. I think it would be good if there was more sharing between the
4375 different countries using Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
4376
4377 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4378
4379 <p>On my laptop I am still using an Ubuntu 10.04 with a Gnome Desktop
4380 on.  As applications I use Openoffice.org, Gedit, Firefox, Pidgin,
4381 LaTeX and GnuCash. For mails I am using Horde. And I am really fond of
4382 my N900 running with Maemo.</p>
4383
4384 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4385 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4386
4387 <p>I am really convinced that in our school project "IT-Zukunft
4388 Schule" we have developed (and keep developing) a great way to get
4389 schools to use Free Software. We have written a detailed concept for
4390 that so I cannot explain the whole thing here. But in a nutshell the
4391 strategy has three crucial pillars:</p>
4392
4393 <ul>
4394
4395 <li>We really take time to get what sort of stories, questions and
4396 concerns the schools head and the teachers have about using different
4397 kinds of IT and we take time to enrol them into Free Software.</li>
4398
4399 <li>Our solution for schools is never just technical. In the centre
4400 are always the people who are going to use the software. From the very
4401 beginning of the planning for a school, we tell the schools head that
4402 they are paying us not only for a technical solution for their school,
4403 they also pay us for leading all the communication processes
4404 needed. If they do not want that, we are not working with them because
4405 we cannot give a guarantee for the quality of our work then.</li>
4406
4407 <li>Another focus lies in the training of teachers and students in
4408 co-administrating the IT-System at their school. They start getting in
4409 contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu community and they get the
4410 offer to become more and more independent from us.</li>
4411
4412 </ul>
4413
4414       </div>
4415       <div class="tags">
4416
4417
4418         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4419
4420
4421       </div>
4422     </div>
4423     <div class="padding"></div>
4424
4425     <div class="entry">
4426       <div class="title">
4427         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_noe_for_Ballangen___Leserinnlegg_til_avisen_Fremover_.html">Skolelinux noe for Ballangen? (Leserinnlegg til avisen Fremover)</a>
4428       </div>
4429       <div class="date">
4430         14th October 2012
4431       </div>
4432       <div class="body">
4433         <p>Tirsdag 2012-10-09 sendte jeg følgende leserinnlegg til avisen
4434 <a href="http://www.fremover.no/">Fremover</a>, etter å ha vært nordpå
4435 noen dager og lest noen gamle aviser.  Publiserer den her i sin helhet
4436 for fremtidig referanse.  Fremover publiserer dessverre ikke
4437 leserinnlegg på nett.</p>
4438
4439 <blockquote>
4440 <p>To: redaksjon (at) fremover.no
4441 <br>Subject: Leserinnlegg til Fremover: Skolelinux noe for Ballangen?</p>
4442
4443 <p>Ærede redaktør</p>
4444
4445 <p>I sommer (2012-07-23) hadde Fremover et oppslag om at Narvik
4446 kommune hadde spart mellom 10 og 20 millioner kroner de siste årene på
4447 å bruke Skolelinux på sine skoler.  Harstad har også tatt i bruk
4448 Skolelinux på alle sine skoler.  Som tidligere Ballangsværing gledet
4449 det meg stort å se at skoleløsningen vi har utviklet siden 2001 tas i
4450 bruk i området der jeg vokste opp, og dermed bidrar til en bedre og
4451 billigere skolehverdag.</p>
4452
4453 <p>Skolelinux er en komplett IT-løsning for elevnettverket på en
4454 skole, med både nettverkstjenester og løsning for elevmaskiner med
4455 pedagogisk programvare, som tillater en å øke levetiden på en
4456 datamaskin i skolen med mange år.  En undersøkelse publisert i mars
4457 2012 viste at de 56 norske skolene som har offentliggjort at de bruker
4458 Skolelinux eller annen Linuxutgave hadde 36% større PC-tetthet enn
4459 landsgjennomsnittet, når en ser på tall rapportert til Grunnskolens
4460 Informasjonssystem.  I følge Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken, IKT-konsulent i
4461 Nord-Odal, fungerer datamaskiner godt til de er 8 til 10 år gamle.</p>
4462
4463 <p>I høst (2012-09-29) fortalte Fremover hvordan Ballangen kommune har
4464 opparbeidet seg 20 millioner i underskudd og nok havner på Robek-lista
4465 fra nyttår.  Kanskje Ballangen også burde ta i bruk Skolelinux for å
4466 spare penger?  Hvis kommunen mangler kompetanse lokalt på Linux finnes
4467 det kommersielle selskaper som tilbyr driftstjenester rundt
4468 Skolelinux, og jeg bør vel avsløre at jeg selv er involvert i et av
4469 dem, Skolelinux Drift AS.  Kommunen kan dermed få hjelp hvis de ikke
4470 ønsker å bygge opp egen kompetanse.</p>
4471
4472 <p>Vennlig hilsen
4473 <br>Petter Reinholdtsen
4474 <br>Fri programvareutvikler</p>
4475
4476 <p>Referanser:</p>
4477
4478 <ul>
4479
4480 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html</a></li>
4481 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html</a></li>
4482
4483 </ul>
4484
4485 </blockquote>
4486
4487 <p>Innlegget ble så vidt jeg vet trykket i papirutgaven et par dager
4488 senere, men jeg har ikke sett det selv.</p>
4489
4490       </div>
4491       <div class="tags">
4492
4493
4494         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4495
4496
4497       </div>
4498     </div>
4499     <div class="padding"></div>
4500
4501     <div class="entry">
4502       <div class="title">
4503         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Trengs_flere_frivillige_til_korrektur_av_den_frie_norske_stavekontrollen.html">Trengs flere frivillige til korrektur av den frie norske stavekontrollen</a>
4504       </div>
4505       <div class="date">
4506         13th October 2012
4507       </div>
4508       <div class="body">
4509         <p><a href="http://no.speling.org/">Den frie norske stavekontrollen</a>
4510 består av ca. 1,3 millioner bokmåls- og nynorskord.  Det er mange
4511 kilder til ordene, f.eks. den norske ordbanken, norske nett-aviser,
4512 stavekontrollbrukere og korrekturlesere, og endel feil har sneket seg
4513 inn i databasen over ord.  For å finne og fikse feilene trengs det
4514 korrekturlesing.  Her kommer frivillige inn.</p>
4515
4516 <p>Hvis du vil bidra med korrektur av orddatabasen, kan du melde deg
4517 frivillig som bokmåls- eller nynorskkorrekturleser og få tilsendt en
4518 liten bunke ord på epost hver dag, lese over og sende inn på epost
4519 tilbake til korrekturlesing-systemet.  Jo flere som sjekker, jo
4520 raskere kommer vi igjennom hele databasen.  Så langt har vi oppdaget
4521 341 bokmålsord og 50 nynorskord som ikke skal vært med i databasen.
4522 Det er nok noen flere.  I tillegg har korrekturleserne oppdaget flere
4523 ord som manglet, og fått lagt dem inn i stavekontrollen.</p>
4524
4525 <p>Hvis du vil bidra, følg instruksene på
4526 <a href="http://no.speling.org/dokumentasjon.html">prosjektsidene</a>
4527
4528 for nye bidragsytere, og ta kontakt med Håvard eller epostlisten
4529 <a href="https://lister.ping.uio.no/mailman/listinfo/i18n-no">i18n-no</a>.
4530 Gode norskkunnskaper er en fordel, og vilje til å sjekke
4531 <a href="http://www.nob-ordbok.uio.no/perl/ordbok.cgi">ordboka</a> et
4532 krav!</p>
4533
4534       </div>
4535       <div class="tags">
4536
4537
4538         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
4539
4540
4541       </div>
4542     </div>
4543     <div class="padding"></div>
4544
4545     <div class="entry">
4546       <div class="title">
4547         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ny_utgave__v2_1__av_den_frie_norske_stavekontrollen_gitt_ut.html">Ny utgave (v2.1) av den frie norske stavekontrollen gitt ut</a>
4548       </div>
4549       <div class="date">
4550          2nd October 2012
4551       </div>
4552       <div class="body">
4553         <p>I helga fikk jeg endelig pakket sammen en ny versjon av den norske
4554 stavekontrollen, og gikk ut versjon 2.1 etter at det var gått fire og
4555 et halvt år siden sist.  I dag fikk vi sendt ut annonseringen.  Her er
4556 det vi sendte ut:</p>
4557
4558 <p>Oslo, 2012-10-02</p>
4559
4560 <p><strong>Pressemelding: Ny utgave av norsk stavekontroll med
4561 synonymordliste</strong></p>
4562
4563 <p>Mer enn fire år etter at forrige utgave av den frie norske
4564 stavekontrollen ble utgitt, er en ny og forbedret versjon klar. Dette er
4565 noe utviklerne er veldig glade for.</p>
4566
4567 <p>Den største endringen er at byggesystemet for stavekontrollen er
4568 skrevet om til å akseptere ord med bindestrek (f.eks. «e-post»). Litt
4569 over 10.000 slike ordformer er lagt til i orddatabasen. I tillegg er
4570 det kommet en del nye ord og rettelser rapportert inn av de frivillige
4571 som gjennomfører korrektur av orddatabasen i prosjektet. For å få
4572 fortgang i dette korrekturarbeidet er det fint med flere frivillige
4573 som kan bidra i prosjektet.</p>
4574
4575 <p><blockquote>
4576  - En god og fritt tilgjengelig stavekontroll er en viktig byggestein
4577    for å fremme bruken av korrekt norsk språk, sier prosjektdeltager
4578    Petter Reinholdtsen.
4579 </blockquote></p>
4580
4581 <p>Takket være samarbeidet med synonymordlisteprosjektet er
4582 synonymordlista for bokmål tilgjengelig sammen med ordlista for bokmål
4583 og nynorsk. En synonymordliste for nynorsk er også med, men den er på
4584 prøvestadiet og meget liten.</p>
4585
4586 <p>Stavekontrollpakken og synonymordlistene brukes i
4587 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org, Koffice, Mozilla Thunderbird, Firefox og
4588 en rekke andre programmer, og på både Windows, Mac OS X, Linux og
4589 BSD.</p>
4590
4591 <p>Det hele utgis under den frie lisensen GPL og kan fritt lastes ned
4592 fra prosjektsidene på
4593 <a href="http://no.speling.org">no.speling.org</a>. Ferdige pakker for
4594 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org er også tilgjengelige fra samme sted.</p>
4595
4596 <p>Det norske stavekontrollprosjektet er i kontakt med lignende
4597 prosjekter for blant annet å forbedre stavekontrollteknologien, å
4598 utveksle verktøy for vedlikehold av orddatabasen og å få tilgang til
4599 relevante datasett. Et av disse prosjektene er et separat prosjekt ved
4600 Sametinget som er i gang med å utvikle samisk stavekontroll for blant
4601 annet Microsoft Word og OpenOffice.org.</p>
4602
4603 <p>Et søsterprosjekt for å lage grammatikk-kontroll for
4604 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org er igangsatt, men har ennå ikke kommet
4605 langt nok til å brukes. Frivillige til å bidra i dette prosjektet er
4606 også svært velkomne.</p>
4607
4608 <p><strong>Kontaktperson</strong></p>
4609
4610 <p><blockquote>
4611 Axel Bojer, prosjektdeltager
4612 <br>E-post: fri_programvare (at) bojer.no
4613 <br>Tlf: +47 954 32 417
4614 </blockquote></p>
4615
4616 <p><strong>Referanser</strong></p>
4617
4618 <ul>
4619
4620 <li>Det frie norske stavekontrollprosjektet for bokmål og nynorsk:
4621     <a href="http://no.speling.org">http://no.speling.org</a></li>
4622 <li>Samiske korrekturverktøy:
4623     <a href="http://divvun.no/">http://divvun.no/</a></li>
4624 <li>Ordlistene fra Norsk ordbank:
4625     <a href="http://www.edd.uio.no/prosjekt/ordbanken/">http://www.edd.uio.no/prosjekt/ordbanken/</a></li>
4626 <li>Last ned ordlistene:
4627     <a href="http://alioth.debian.org/frs/?group_id=30577">http://alioth.debian.org/frs/?group_id=30577</a>
4628     (PS: no_NO-pack2 for OOo 2.x))</li>
4629 </ul>
4630
4631 <p><strong>Fra NEWS-fila i kildekodepakken</strong></p>
4632
4633 <p>Release 2.1 (2012-09-30)</p>
4634
4635 <ul>
4636
4637 <li>Switch to new version scheme. Make new version 2.1, not 2.0.11. We do not
4638     release often enough to justify three digits.</li>
4639 <li>Switch build rules to build OOo v2 thesaurus files, as the v1 build rules
4640     no longer work. This require the libmythes-dev package on Debian.</li>
4641 <li>Introduce new Makefile variables hyphendir and thesdir to make it easier to
4642     control where to install these.</li>
4643 <li>Change script used to import from no.speling.org, to load new word
4644     boundaries if at least two people believed the boundaries was correct.</li>
4645 <li>Added word boundaries for several words (around 500 words) using the
4646     updated script.</li>
4647 <li>Imported thesarus for bokmål from synonymer.merg.net.</li>
4648 <li>Rewrote build rules to use = instead of - as combined word marker, thus
4649     allowing words like e-post.</li>
4650 <li>Imported a lot (around 10k words) of new words with dash (-) in them from
4651     no.speling.org now that it is handled by the build system.</li>
4652 </ul>
4653
4654       </div>
4655       <div class="tags">
4656
4657
4658         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
4659
4660
4661       </div>
4662     </div>
4663     <div class="padding"></div>
4664
4665     <div class="entry">
4666       <div class="title">
4667         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Giorgio_Pioda.html">Debian Edu interview: Giorgio Pioda</a>
4668       </div>
4669       <div class="date">
4670         17th September 2012
4671       </div>
4672       <div class="body">
4673         <p>After a long break in my row of interviews with people in the
4674 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
4675 community, I finally found time to wrap up another.  This time it is
4676 Giorgio Pioda, which showed up on the mailing list at the start of
4677 this year, asking questions and inspiring us to improve the first time
4678 administrators experience with Skolelinux. :) The interview was
4679 conduced in May, but I only found time to publish it now.</p>
4680
4681 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4682
4683 <p>I have a PhD in chemistry but since several years I work as teacher
4684 in secondary (15-18 year old students) and tertiary (a kind of "light"
4685 university) schools. Five years ago I started to manage a Learning
4686 Management Service server and slowly I got more and more involved with
4687 IT. 3 years ago the graduating schools moved completely to Linux and I
4688 got the head of the IT for this. The experience collected in chemistry
4689 labs computers (for example NMR analysis of protein folding) and in
4690 the IT-courses during university where sufficient to start. Self
4691 training is anyway very important</p>
4692
4693 <p>I live in the Italian speaking part of Switzerland, and the
4694 <a href="http://www.spse.ch/">SPSE school</a> (secondary) is a very
4695 special sport school for young people who try to became sport pro (for
4696 all sports, we have dozens of disciplines represented) and we are
4697 recognised by the Olympic Swiss Organisation.
4698
4699 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
4700 project?</strong></p>
4701
4702 <p>Looking for Linux / Primary Domain Controller (PDC) I found it
4703 already several years ago. But since the system was still not
4704 Kerberized and since our schools relies strongly on laptops I didn't
4705 use it. I plan to introduce it in the next future, probably for the
4706 next school year, since the squeeze release solved this security
4707 hole.</p>
4708
4709 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4710 Edu?</strong></p>
4711
4712 <p>Many. First of all there is a strong and living community that is
4713 very generous for help and hints.  Chat help is crucial, together with
4714 the mailing list.  Second. With Skolelinux you get an already well
4715 engineered platform and you don't have to start to build up your PDC
4716 and your clients from GNU/scratch; I've already done this once and I
4717 can tell it, it is hard. Third, since Skolelinux is a standard
4718 platform, it is way easier to educate other IT people and even if the
4719 head IT is sick another one could pick up the task without too much
4720 hassle.</p>
4721
4722 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4723 Edu?</strong></p>
4724
4725 <p>The only real problem I see is that it is a little too less
4726 flexible at client level. Debian stable is rocky and desirable, but
4727 there are many reasons that force for another choice. For example the
4728 need of new drivers for new PC, or the need for a specific OS for some
4729 devices that have specific software packages for another specific
4730 distribution (I have such a case for whiteboards that have only
4731 Ubuntu packages). Thus, I prepared compatibility packages educlient
4732 and eduroaming, hoping not to use them ;-)</p>
4733
4734 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4735
4736 <p>I have a Debian Stable PDC at school (Kerberos, NIS, NFS) with
4737 mixed Debian and Ubuntu clients. If you think that this triad
4738 combination is exotic... well I discovered right yesterday that
4739 <a href="http://moo.nac.uci.edu/~hjm/Perceus-Report.html">Perceus</a>
4740 has the same...</p>
4741
4742 <p>For myself I run Debian wheezy/sid, but this combination is good
4743 only I you have enough competence to fix stuff for yourself, if
4744 something breaks.  Daily I use texmacs, gnumeric, a little bit of R
4745 statistics, kmplot, and less frequently OpenOffice.org.</p>
4746
4747 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4748 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4749
4750 <P>I think that the only real argument that school managers "hear" is
4751 cost reduction. They don't give too much weight on quality, stability,
4752 just because they are normally not open to change.</p>
4753
4754 <p>Students adapts very quickly to GNU/Linux (and for them being able
4755 to switch between different OS is a plus value); teachers and managers
4756 don't.</p>
4757
4758 <p>We decided to move to Linux because students at our school have own
4759 laptop and we have the responsibility to keep the laptop ready to use;
4760 we were really unsatisfied with Microsoft since every Monday we had 20
4761 machine to fix for viral infections... With Linux this has been
4762 reduced to zero, since people installs almost only from official
4763 repositories. I think that our special needs brought us to Linux.
4764 Those who don't have such needs will hardly move to Linux.</p>
4765
4766       </div>
4767       <div class="tags">
4768
4769
4770         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4771
4772
4773       </div>
4774     </div>
4775     <div class="padding"></div>
4776
4777     <div class="entry">
4778       <div class="title">
4779         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">Gladoppslag om Skolelinux i avisen Fremover</a>
4780       </div>
4781       <div class="date">
4782         15th August 2012
4783       </div>
4784       <div class="body">
4785         <p>I sommer hadde avisen <a href="http://www.fremover.no/">Fremover</a>
4786 et flott oppslag om bruken av
4787 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> på alle skolene
4788 der.  Artikkelen var på trykk på side 4 og 5 i papirutgaven
4789 2012-07-23, men mangler dessverre i nettutgaven av avisen.  Mine
4790 henvendelser til avisen for å få artikkelen på nett har så langt ikke
4791 vært vellykket.</p>
4792
4793 <p>Artikkelen med tittelen "Narvik kommune bruker gratisprogram i
4794 skolen - Har spart millioner", forteller om hvordan bruken av
4795 Skolelinux er en stor suksess i Narvik siden det ble tatt i bruk i
4796 2004.  Her er noen fine sitater:</p>
4797
4798 <blockquote>
4799 "- Skolelinux har spart kommunen for store pengesummer, millionbeløp,
4800   som de heller kan bruke på andre ting, sier IKT-konsulent Viggo
4801   Fedreheim."
4802 </blockquote>
4803
4804 <p>Avisen forteller at de har fått tilgang til beregninger som viser
4805 at Narvik kommune har spart noe mellom 10 og 20 millioner kroner de
4806 siste 8 årene på å bruke Skolelinux, og fortsetter:</p>
4807
4808 <blockquote>
4809
4810 "Regnestykket tar høyde for sparte kostnader til lisenser som medfølger
4811 de alternative operativsystemene, lavere driftskostnader og lengre
4812 levetid på datautstyret.  Totalt har Narvikskolen en maskinpark på
4813 1600 maskiner fordelt på de 11 skolene fra Skjomen i sør til Bjerkvik
4814 i nord."
4815
4816 </blockquote>
4817
4818 <p>Viggo Fedreheim sier dette om hvor noe av gevinsten kommer fra:</p>
4819
4820 <blockquote>
4821 "- Vi kan gjenbruke gamle maskiner i skolen som er for dårlig andre
4822   steder i kommunen der de ikke bruker Skolelinux.  Levetiden på en
4823   datamaskin blir 3-5 år lenger med Skolelinux.  Vi kaller det for
4824   grønn IT, miljøvennlig IT."
4825 </blockquote>
4826
4827 <p>Her er det mulighet for flere kommuner å få et godt IT-system på
4828 skolene, hvis de er villige til å forsøke.  De som ikke har kompetanse
4829 innomhus kan kjøpe det fra en av de kommersielle leverandørene av
4830 Skolelinux-tjenester, som <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux
4831 Drift AS</a> (der jeg er styremedlem).  Komplett liste er tilgjengelig
4832 via
4833 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Help/ProfessionalHelp">wikien</a>.</p>
4834
4835 <p>Update 2012-08-16: Today I was allowed by Fremover to put the PDF I
4836 received from them with a copy of the article on the Internet.  It is
4837 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/2012-07-23-fremover-narvik.pdf">now
4838 available</a> in the Skolelinux press archive.</p>
4839
4840       </div>
4841       <div class="tags">
4842
4843
4844         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4845
4846
4847       </div>
4848     </div>
4849     <div class="padding"></div>
4850
4851     <div class="entry">
4852       <div class="title">
4853         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Tips_for___bli_med_i_Skolelinux_prosjektet__som_faktisk_er_aktivt_.html">Tips for å bli med i Skolelinux-prosjektet (som faktisk er aktivt)</a>
4854       </div>
4855       <div class="date">
4856         19th July 2012
4857       </div>
4858       <div class="body">
4859         <p>Jeg fikk nettopp spørsmål på epost om Skolelinux-prosjektet lever
4860 fra en som var interessert i å bidra, og måtte jo konstatere at i og
4861 med at spørsmålet ble stilt har prosjektet ikke lyktes med å formidle
4862 sin aktivitet.  Her er det jeg svarte:</p>
4863
4864 <p><blockquote>
4865 <p>Jada, <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektet</a>
4866 lever, men det meste av utvikling foregår nå under paraplyen
4867 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/">Debian Edu</a> som er det
4868 internasjonale navnet på prosjektet.  Dugnaden i Norge organiseres av
4869 medlemsforeningen
4870 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
4871 Skolen</a>, og det finnes minst ett selskap som selger kommersiell
4872 support på løsningen (<a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux
4873 Drift AS</a>, der jeg er styremedlem).  Anbefaler at du melder deg på
4874 epostlisten
4875 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@lists.debian.org</a>
4876 (og debian-edu-announce) og
4877 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">melder deg inn i
4878 foreningen</a> for å få beskjed om aktivitet som planlegges.  Det
4879 planlegges
4880 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering">utviklersamlinger
4881 i august</a> og utover høsten.</p>
4882
4883 <p>Bidra gjerne med å spre ordet om Skolelinux.  Det er alt for få som
4884 bidrar til pressedekning, bloggposter, twittermeldinger, etc. :)</p>
4885
4886 <p>Jeg antar du har funnet
4887 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju/">bloggserien
4888 min med intervjuer</a>.  Det er antagelig også interessant for deg å
4889 følge med på <a href="http://planet.skolelinux.org/">Planet
4890 Skolelinux</a>.</p>
4891
4892 <p>Hm, jeg burde vel blogge alle disse lenkene slik at de blir enklere
4893 å finne...</p>
4894 </blockquote></p>
4895 <p>Herved gjort. :)</p>
4896
4897       </div>
4898       <div class="tags">
4899
4900
4901         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4902
4903
4904       </div>
4905     </div>
4906     <div class="padding"></div>
4907
4908     <div class="entry">
4909       <div class="title">
4910         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__George_Bredberg.html">Debian Edu interview: George Bredberg</a>
4911       </div>
4912       <div class="date">
4913          9th July 2012
4914       </div>
4915       <div class="body">
4916         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
4917 Skolelinux</a> project have users all over the globe, but until
4918 recently we have not known about any users in Norway's neighbour
4919 country Sweden.  This changed when George Bredberg showed up in March
4920 this year on the mailing list, asking interesting questions about how
4921 to adjust and scale the just released
4922 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
4923 Wheezy</a> setup to his liking.  He granted me an interview, and I am
4924 happy to share his answers with you here.</p>
4925
4926 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4927
4928 <p>I'm a 44 year old country guy that have been working 12 years at
4929 the same school as 50% IT-manager and 50% Teacher. My educational
4930 background is fil.kand in history and religious beliefs, an exam as a
4931 "folkhighschool" teacher, that is, for teaching grownups.  In
4932 Norwegian I believe it's called "Vuxenupplaring". I also have a master
4933 in "Technology and social change". So I'm not really a tech guy, I
4934 just like to study how humans and technology interact and that is my
4935 perspective when working with IT.</p>
4936
4937 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
4938 project?</strong></p>
4939
4940 I have followed the Skolelinux project for quite some time by
4941 now. Earlier I tested out the K12-LTSP project, which we used for some
4942 time, but I really like the idea of having a distribution aimed to be
4943 a complete solution for schools with necessary tools integrated. When
4944 K12-LTSP abandoned that idea some years ago, I started to look more
4945 seriously into Skolelinux instead.
4946
4947 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4948 Edu?</strong></p>
4949
4950 The big point of Skolelinux to me is that it is a complete
4951 distribution, ready to install. It has LDAP-support, MS Windows
4952 integration tools and so forth already configured, saving an
4953 administrator a lot of time and headache. We were using another Linux
4954 based thin-client system called Thinlinc, that has served us very
4955 well. But that Skolelinux is based on VNC and LTSP, to me, is better
4956 when it comes to the kind of multimedia used in schools. That is
4957 showing videos from Youtube or educational TV. It is also easier to
4958 mix thin clients with workstations, since the user settings will be the
4959 same. In our VNC-based solution you had to "beat around the bush" by
4960 setting up a second, hidden, home-directory for user settings for the
4961 workstations, because they will be different from the ones used on the
4962 thin clients. Skolelinux support for diskless workstations are very
4963 convenient since a school today often need to use a class room
4964 projector showing videos in full screen. That is easily done with a
4965 small integrated media computer running as a diskless workstation. You
4966 have only two installs to update and configure. One for the thin
4967 clients and one for the workstations. Also saving a lot of time.  Our
4968 old system was also based on Redhat and CentOS. They are both very
4969 nice distributions, but they are sometimes painfully slow when it
4970 comes to updating multimedia support and multimedia programs (even
4971 such as Gimp), leaving us with a bit "oldish" applications. Debian is
4972 quicker to update.
4973
4974 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4975 Edu?</strong></p>
4976
4977 <p>Debian is a bit too quick when it comes to updating. As an example
4978 we use old HP terminals as thinclients, and two times already this
4979 year (2012) the updates you get from the repositories has stopped
4980 sound from working with them.  It's a kernel/ALSA issue. So you have
4981 to be more careful properly testing the updates before you run them in
4982 a production environment. This has never happened with CentOS.</p>
4983
4984 <p>I also would like to be able to set my own domain-settings at
4985 install time.  In Skolelinux they are kind of hard coded into the
4986 distribution, when it comes to LDAP and at least samba integration.
4987 That is more a cosmetic/translation issue, and not a real problem.
4988 Running MS Windows applications within the Skolelinux environment needs
4989 to be better supported. That is, running them seamlessly via RDP, and
4990 support for single-sign on.  That will make the transition to free
4991 software easier, because you can keep the applications you really
4992 need.  No support will make it impossible if you work in a school where
4993 some applications can't be open source. As for us we really need to
4994 run Adobe InDesign in our journalist classes.  We run a journalist
4995 education, and is one of the very few non university ones that is ok:d
4996 by Svenska journalistförbundet (Swedish journalist association).  Our
4997 education gives the pupils the right of membership there, once they
4998 are done.  This is important if you want to get a job.</p>
4999
5000 <p>Adobe InDesign is the program most commonly used in newspapers and
5001 magazines.  We used Quark Express before, but they seem to loose there
5002 market to Adobe. The only "equivalent" to InDesign in the opensource
5003 world is Scribus, and its not advanced enough. At least not according
5004 to the teacher. I think it would be possible to use it, because they
5005 are not supposed to learn a program, they are supposed to learn how to
5006 edit and compile a newspaper.  But politically at our school we are not
5007 there yet.  And Scribus lacks a lot of things you find i InDesign.</p>
5008
5009 <p>We used even a windows program for sound editing when it comes to
5010 the radio-journalist part. The year to come we are going to try
5011 Audacity. That software has the same kind of limitations compared to
5012 Adobe Audition, but that teacher is a bit more open minded. We have
5013 tried Ardour also, but that instead is more like a music studio
5014 program, not intended for the kind of editing taking place in a radio
5015 studio. Its way to complex and the GUI is to scattered when you only
5016 want to cut, make pass-overs, add extra channels and normalise.  Those
5017 things you can do in Audacity, but its not as easy as in Audition. You
5018 have to do more things manually with envelopes, and that is a bit old
5019 fashion and timewasting. Its also harder to cut and move sound from
5020 one channel to another, which is a thing that you do frequently
5021 because you often find yourself needing to rearrange parts of the
5022 sound file.</p>
5023
5024 <p>So, I am not sure we will succeed in replacing even Audition, but we
5025 will try.  The problem is the students have certain expectations when
5026 they start an education towards a profession.  So the programs has to
5027 look and feel professional.  Good thing with radio, there are many
5028 programs out there, that radio studios use, so its not as standardised
5029 as Newspaper editing. That means, it does not really matter what
5030 program they learn, because once they start working they still have to
5031 learn the program the studio uses, so instead focus has to be to learn
5032 the editing part without to much focus on a specific software.</p>
5033
5034 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5035
5036 <p>Myself I'm running Linux Mint, or Ubuntu these days.  I use almost
5037 only open source software, and preferably Linux based. When it comes
5038 to most used applications its OpenOffice, and Firefox (of course ;)
5039 )</p>
5040
5041 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5042 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5043
5044 <p>To get schools to use free software there has to be good open
5045 source software that are windows based, to ease the transition. But
5046 it's also very important that the multimedia support is working
5047 flawlessly.  The problems with Youtube, Twitter, Facebook and whatever
5048 will create problems when it comes to both teachers and
5049 students. Economy are also important for schools, so using thin
5050 clients, as long as they have good multimedia support, is a very good
5051 idea. It's also important that the open source software works even for
5052 the administration.  It's hard to convince the teachers to stick with
5053 open source, if the principal has to run Windows.  It also creates a
5054 problem if some classes has to use Windows for there tasks, since that
5055 will create a difference in "status" between classes, so a good
5056 support for running windows applications via the thin client (Linux)
5057 desktop is essential.  At least at our school, where we have mixed
5058 level of educations, from high-school to journalist-school.</p>
5059
5060 <p>Update 2012-07-09 08:30: Paul Wise tipped me on IRC about three
5061 useful sources related to Free Software for radio stations: the LWN
5062 article <a href="https://lwn.net/Articles/481607/">Radio station
5063 management with Airtime</a>,
5064 <a href="http://www.sourcefabric.org/en/airtime/">Airtime</a> which
5065 claim to be a Free open source radio automation software and
5066 <a href="http://www.rivendellaudio.org/">Rivendell</a> which claim to
5067 be complete radio broadcast automation solution.  All of them seem
5068 useful to the aspiring radio producer.</p>
5069
5070       </div>
5071       <div class="tags">
5072
5073
5074         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5075
5076
5077       </div>
5078     </div>
5079     <div class="padding"></div>
5080
5081     <div class="entry">
5082       <div class="title">
5083         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_do_schools_waste_money_on_IT_.html">Why do schools waste money on IT?</a>
5084       </div>
5085       <div class="date">
5086          8th July 2012
5087       </div>
5088       <div class="body">
5089         <p>In the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project, we have realised that one
5090 of the major blockers for the project success is the purchasing skills
5091 in schools and municipalities.  We provide what the happy users of
5092 Debian Edu / Skolelinux say they need and to a lower cost than the
5093 alternatives, and yet so few schools decide to use our solution.  I
5094 was pleased to discover the same observation done by mySociety and Tom
5095 Steinberg in his blog post
5096 "<a href="http://www.mysociety.org/2012/06/19/can-you-recognize-the-million-pound-chair/">Can
5097 you recognize the million pound chair?</a>".  Read it and weep for the
5098 spending of your tax money.</p>
5099
5100 <p>Of course there are other factors involved as well, like our
5101 projects bad marketing skills and the Linux community fragmentation
5102 causing worry with the people on the outside, so we as a project need
5103 to keep working hard to gain users, but it is a up-hill battle when
5104 public decision makers are unable to understand computer system
5105 purchases.</p>
5106
5107       </div>
5108       <div class="tags">
5109
5110
5111         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5112
5113
5114       </div>
5115     </div>
5116     <div class="padding"></div>
5117
5118     <div class="entry">
5119       <div class="title">
5120         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Free_Timetabling_Software___nice_free_software.html">Free Timetabling Software - nice free software</a>
5121       </div>
5122       <div class="date">
5123          7th July 2012
5124       </div>
5125       <div class="body">
5126         <p>Included in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
5127 Skolelinux</a> is a large collection of end user and school specific
5128 software.  It is one of the packages not installed by default but
5129 provided in the Debian archive for schools to install if they want to,
5130 is a system to automatically plan the school time table using
5131 information about available teachers, classes and rooms, combined with
5132 the list of required courses and how many hours each topic should
5133 receive.  The software is
5134
5135 <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/">named FET</a>, and it provide a
5136 graphical user interface to input the required information, save the
5137 result in a fairly simple XML format, and generate time tables for
5138 both teachers and students.  It is available both for
5139 <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/download.html">Linux, MacOSX and
5140 Windows</a>.</p>
5141
5142 <p>This is <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/features.html">the
5143 feature list</a>, liftet from the project web site:</p>
5144
5145 <p><ul>
5146
5147   <li>FET is free software, licensed under the GNU GPL v2 or later.
5148     You can freely use, copy, modify and redistribute it </li>
5149
5150   <li>Localized to en_US (US English, default), ar (Arabic), ca
5151     (Catalan), da (Danish), de (German), el (Greek), es (Spanish), fa
5152     (Persian), fr (French), gl (Galician), he (Hebrew), hu
5153     (Hungarian), id (Indonesian), it (Italian), lt (Lithuanian), mk
5154     (Macedonian), ms (Malay), nl (Dutch), pl (Polish), pt_BR
5155     (Brazilian Portuguese), ro (Romanian), ru (Russian), si (Sinhala),
5156     sk (Slovak), sr (Serbian), tr (Turkish), uk (Ukrainian), uz
5157     (Uzbek) and vi (Vietnamese) (incompletely for some languages)
5158     </li>
5159
5160   <li>Fully automatic generation algorithm, allowing also
5161     semi-automatic or manual allocation</li>
5162
5163   <li>Platform independent implementation, allowing running on
5164     GNU/Linux, Windows, Mac and any system that Qt supports </li>
5165
5166   <li>Flexible modular XML format for the input file, allowing editing
5167     with an XML editor or by hand (besides FET interface)</li>
5168
5169   <li>Import/export from CSV format</li>
5170
5171   <li>The resulted timetables are exported into HTML, XML and CSV
5172     formats </li>
5173
5174   <li>Flexible students structure, organized into sets: years, groups
5175     and subgroups. FET allows overlapping years and groups and
5176     non-overlapping subgroups. You can even define individual students
5177     (as separate sets)</li>
5178
5179   <li>Each constraint has a weight percentage, from 0.0% to 100.0%
5180     (but some special constraints are allowed to have only 100% weight
5181     percentage)</li>
5182
5183   <li>Limits for the algorithm (all these limits can be increased on
5184     demand, as a custom version, because this would require a bit more
5185     memory):
5186     <ul>
5187       <li>Maximum total number of hours (periods) per day: 60</li>
5188       <li>Maximum number of working days per week: 35</li>
5189       <li>Maximum total number of teachers: 6000</li>
5190       <li>Maximum total number of sets of students: 30000</li>
5191       <li>Maximum total number of subjects: 6000</li>
5192       <li>Virtually unlimited number of activity tags</li>
5193       <li>Maximum number of activities: 30000</li>
5194       <li>Maximum number of rooms: 6000</li>
5195       <li>Maximum number of buildings: 6000</li>
5196       <li>Possibility of adding multiple teachers and
5197           students sets for each activity.  (it is possible
5198           also to have no teachers or no students sets for an
5199           activity)</li>
5200       <li>Virtually unlimited number of time constraints</li>
5201       <li>Virtually unlimited number of space constraints</li>
5202     </ul></li>
5203
5204   <li>A large and flexible palette of time constraints:
5205     <ul>
5206       <li>Break periods</li>
5207       <li>For teacher(s):
5208         <ul>
5209           <li>Not available periods</li>
5210           <li>Max/min days per week</li>
5211           <li>Max gaps per day/week</li>
5212           <li>Max hours daily/continuously</li>
5213           <li>Min hours daily</li>
5214           <li>Max hours daily/continuously with an activity tag</li>
5215
5216           <li>Respect working in an hourly interval a max number of
5217             days per week</li>
5218         </ul></li>
5219       <li>For students (sets):
5220         <ul>
5221           <li>Not available periods</li>
5222           <li>Begins early (specify max allowed beginnings at second hour)</li>
5223           <li>Max gaps per day/week</li>
5224           <li>Max hours daily/continuously</li>
5225           <li>Min hours daily</li>
5226           <li>Max hours daily/continuously with an activity tag</li>
5227
5228           <li>Respect working in an hourly interval a max number of
5229             days per week</li>
5230         </ul></li>
5231       <li>For an activity or a set of activities/subactivities:
5232         <ul>
5233           <li>A single preferred starting time</li>
5234           <li>A set of preferred starting times</li>
5235           <li>A set of preferred time slots</li>
5236           <li>Min/max days between them</li>
5237           <li>End(s) students day</li>
5238           <li>Same starting time/day/hour</li>
5239           <li>Occupy max time slots from selection (a complex and
5240             flexible constraint, useful in many situations)</li>
5241           <li>Consecutive, ordered, grouped (for 2 or 3 (sub)activities)</li>
5242           <li>Not overlapping</li>
5243           <li>Max simultaneous in selected time slots</li>
5244           <li>Min gaps between a set of (sub)activities</li>
5245         </ul></li>
5246     </ul></li>
5247
5248   <li>A large and flexible palette of space constraints:
5249     <ul>
5250       <li>Room not available periods</li>
5251       <li>For teacher(s):
5252         <ul>
5253           <li>Home room(s)</li>
5254           <li>Max building changes per day/week</li>
5255           <li>Min gaps between building changes</li>
5256         </ul>
5257       </li>
5258
5259       <li>For students (sets):
5260         <ul>
5261           <li>Home room(s)</li>
5262           <li>Max building changes per day/week</li>
5263           <li>Min gaps between building changes</li>
5264         </ul>
5265       </li>
5266       <li>Preferred room(s):
5267         <ul>
5268           <li>For a subject</li>
5269           <li>For an activity tag</li>
5270           <li>For a subject and an activity tag</li>
5271           <li>Individually for a (sub)activity</li>
5272         </ul>
5273       </li>
5274
5275       <li>For a set of activities:
5276         <ul>
5277           <li>Occupy a maximum number of different rooms</li>
5278         </ul>
5279       </li>
5280     </ul>
5281   </li>
5282 </ul></p>
5283
5284 <p>I have not used it myself, as I am not involved in time table
5285 planning at a school, but it seem to work fine when I test it.  If you
5286 need to set up your schools time table, and is tired of doing it
5287 manually, check it out.
5288
5289 A quick summary on how to use it can be found in
5290 <a href="http://marvelsoft.co.in/wp/2012/03/generate-timetable-for-state-cbse-icse-igcse-schools-free/">a
5291 blog post from MarvelSoft</a>.  If you find FET useful, please provide
5292 a recipe for the Debian Edu project in the
5293 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu#Howtos">Debian Edu HowTo
5294 section</a>.</p>
5295
5296       </div>
5297       <div class="tags">
5298
5299
5300         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5301
5302
5303       </div>
5304     </div>
5305     <div class="padding"></div>
5306
5307     <div class="entry">
5308       <div class="title">
5309         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Markus_Gamenius.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Markus Gamenius</a>
5310       </div>
5311       <div class="date">
5312         30th June 2012
5313       </div>
5314       <div class="body">
5315         <p>Tidligere leder av
5316 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no">foreningen som
5317 organiserer Skolelinux-dugnaden</a>, Markus Gamenius , har i vår vært
5318 i media og
5319 <a href="http://www.dn.no/privatokonomi/article2345489.ece">debattert
5320 skattepolitikk</a>, og det fikk meg til å høre om han kunne lokkes til
5321 å fortelle om hans inntrykk nå, etter at han ble lokket bort fra
5322 Linux- og <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-verden
5323 for å overta familiebedriften.  Her har vi hans betraktninger i dag,
5324 noen måneder etter at
5325 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Skolelinux
5326 Squeeze</a>-utgaven ble gitt ut.</p>
5327
5328 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
5329
5330 <p>Jeg heter Markus Gamenius og er 40 år.  Utdannet biolog med ymse
5331 fag på siden.  Har jobbet som lærer der jeg var driftsansvarlig på
5332 Ulsrud VGS i Oslo.  Senere eide og jobbet jeg flere år i Linuxlabs AS,
5333 som jeg solgte til Redpill Linpro AS (den gangen Linpro AS).  I dag
5334 jobber jeg med ulike investeringer, hovedsaklig i eiendom, men også i
5335 en del ulike IT-relaterte bedrifter.</p>
5336
5337 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
5338
5339 <p>Fruen og jeg dro på en lengre seiltur i 2000, der jeg måtte ha "noe
5340 å gjøre" under hjemturen over Atlanteren.  Jeg kjøpte et par bøker om
5341 Linux i en bokhandel i New York og ble veldig fascinert.  Etter
5342 hjemkomsten begynte jeg å jobbe på Ulsrud VGS, som naturfagslærer, men
5343 som IT-interessert ble jeg fort en del av den nye IT-satsningen som
5344 skulle løfte Ulsrud og gi skolen en bedre rykte.  Vi hadde ganske
5345 mange maskiner, som gikk på Win98 og to servere som ble oppgradert til
5346 Win2000.  Systemene var ustabil og dårlige.  På leting etter noe
5347 bedre, uten å knekke ryggen økonomisk, kom jeg over "Linux i Skolen"
5348 og Skolelinux.  Jeg tok kontakt med miljøet og en gjeng møtte opp på
5349 skolen, der vi gjorde en liten testinstallasjon.  Etter et par år var
5350 ryggraden på skolen Linux (Skolelinux) og vi hadde flere hundre
5351 maskiner, både tynne klienter (gamle og nye), bærbare (Debian) og noen
5352 stasjonære (Win2000).  På et tidspunkt var Ulsrud den råeste IT-skolen
5353 og det irriterte skolesjefen i Oslo, da de satset hardt på
5354 Windows.</p>
5355
5356 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5357
5358 <p>Det som gjorde at vi fikk inn Skolelinux var ene og alene
5359 økonomiske.  Det faktum at vi slapp å kjøpe masse nye lisenser og at
5360 vi kunne bruke gammel hardware.  Alt i alt gjorde dette at vi sparte
5361 mye, men i stede for å bruke mindre på IT brukte vi det vi sparte på å
5362 skaffe mer hardware og på den måten gi det beste tilbudet i landet til
5363 våre elever.  For oss som driftet var det himmel å ha et system som
5364 gikk å administrere sentralt og effektivt.  Det var heller ikke så
5365 dumt at vi kunne "låse" maskinene mer effektivt enn vi kunne med
5366 Microsoft Windows, slik at vi slapp mye feil og problemer som ble
5367 forårsaket av "kreative" elever.</p>
5368
5369 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5370
5371 <p>Det vi slet med var mangelen av en del programmer lærerne ville ha.
5372 Husker ikke alle, men det var et knippe med pedagogiske programmer de
5373 ikke fikk.  I dag tror jeg det problemet er langt mindre da det meste
5374 av disse kjøres gjennom nettleseren.</p>
5375
5376 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
5377
5378 <p>Jeg bruker mye Apple i dag og er ikke så stolt av det, men jeg har
5379 både OpenOffice, Firefox og en del andre programmer på den bærbare.
5380 Firefox brukes mest av disse.  På Apple-serveren hjemme bruker jeg
5381 HandBrake mye, og jeg har installert OpenWRT på flere av
5382 basestasjonene både hjemme og på jobben.  I tillegg til det har jeg i
5383 flere år finansiert et prosjekt som heter
5384 <a href="http://www.found.no/">Found IT</a>.  Dette er et prosjekt der
5385 vi lager et rammeverk for søk, der alt vi bruker fri programvare.  Det
5386 er Alex Brasetvik som er daglig leder i Found IT.</p>
5387
5388 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
5389 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
5390
5391 <p>Når det gjelder IT og skole er fortsatt økonomi veldig viktig.  Så
5392 man må oppfylle minimumskravene (ikke være best, men bra nok) og selge
5393 seg inn på hvor mye man sparer.  Det betyr selvsagt at man sparer på
5394 lisenser, men også på driftsinnsats.  Men nå når jeg ikke er en aktiv
5395 del av miljøet lenger hører jeg nesten ingen ting om fri programvare.
5396 Jeg stiller meg da spørsmålet om det har blitt stille rundt miljøet,
5397 eller om jeg kun så det tydeligere før når jeg var aktiv? Uansett er
5398 det for stille rundt Skolelinux-prosjektet nå.</p>
5399
5400       </div>
5401       <div class="tags">
5402
5403
5404         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5405
5406
5407       </div>
5408     </div>
5409     <div class="padding"></div>
5410
5411     <div class="entry">
5412       <div class="title">
5413         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Jos__Luis_Redrejo_Rodr_guez.html">Debian Edu interview: José Luis Redrejo Rodríguez</a>
5414       </div>
5415       <div class="date">
5416         26th June 2012
5417       </div>
5418       <div class="body">
5419         <p>I've been too busy at home, but finally I found time to wrap up
5420 another interview with the people behind
5421 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>.
5422 This time we get to know José Luis Redrejo Rodríguez, one of our great
5423 helpers from Spain.  His effort was the reason we added support for
5424 several desktop types (KDE, Gnome and most recently LXDE) in Debian
5425 Edu, and have all of these available in the recently published
5426 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
5427 Squeeze</a> version.</p>
5428
5429 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5430
5431 <p>I'm a father, teacher and engineer who is working for the Education
5432 ministry of the Region of Extremadura (Spain) in the implementation of
5433 ICT in schools</p>
5434
5435 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5436 project?</strong></p>
5437
5438 <p>At 2006, I verified that both, we in Extremadura and Skolelinux
5439 project, had been working in parallel for some years, doing very
5440 similar things, using very similar tools and with similar targets, so
5441 I decided it was time to join forces as much as possible.</p>
5442
5443 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5444 Edu?</strong></p>
5445
5446 <p>A community of highly skilled experts working together, with a
5447 really open schema of collaboration and work. I really love the
5448 concepts of Do-ocracy and Merit-ocracy and the way these concepts are
5449 been used everyday inside Debian Edu.</p>
5450
5451 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5452 Edu?</strong></p>
5453
5454 <p>Sometimes the differences in the implementations, laws or
5455 economical and technical resources in the different countries don't
5456 allow us to agree in the same solution for all of us, and several
5457 approaches are needed, what is a waste of effort. Also, there is a
5458 lack of more man power to be able to follow the fast evolution of the
5459 technologies in school.</p>
5460
5461 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5462
5463 <p>Debian, of course, and due to my kind of job I am most of my time
5464 between Iceweasel, <a href="http://www.geany.org/">Geany</a> and
5465 <a href="http://www.ohloh.net/p/gnome-terminator">Terminator</a>.</p>
5466
5467 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5468 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5469
5470 <p>I think there is not a single strategy because there are very
5471 different scenarios: schools with mixed proprietary and free
5472 environments, schools using only workstations, other schools using
5473 laptops, netbooks, tablets, interactive white-boards, etc.</p>
5474
5475 <p>Also the range of ages of the students is very broad and you can
5476 not use the same solutions for primary schools and secondary or even
5477 universities. So different strategies are needed.</p>
5478
5479 <p>But, looking at these differences, and looking back to the things
5480 we've done and implemented, and the places were we have spent most of
5481 our forces, I think we should focus as much as possible in free
5482 multi-platform environments, using only standards tools, and moving
5483 more and more to Internet or network solutions that could be deployed
5484 using wireless. I think we'll see more and more personal devices in
5485 the schools, devices the students and teachers will take home with
5486 them, so the solutions must be able to be taken at home and continue
5487 working there.</p>
5488
5489       </div>
5490       <div class="tags">
5491
5492
5493         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5494
5495
5496       </div>
5497     </div>
5498     <div class="padding"></div>
5499
5500     <div class="entry">
5501       <div class="title">
5502         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu___some_ideas_for_the_future_versions.html">Debian Edu - some ideas for the future versions</a>
5503       </div>
5504       <div class="date">
5505         11th June 2012
5506       </div>
5507       <div class="body">
5508         <p>During my work on
5509 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.nb.html">Debian Edu
5510 based on Squeeze</a>, I came across some issues that should be
5511 addressed in the Wheezy release.  I finally found time to wrap up my
5512 notes and provide quick summary of what I found, with a bit
5513 explanation.</p>
5514
5515 <p><ul>
5516
5517 <li>We need to rewrite our package installation framework, as tasksel
5518 changed from using tasksel tasks to using meta packages (aka packages
5519 with dependencies like our education-* packages), and our installation
5520 system depend on tasksel tasks in
5521 /usr/share/tasksel/debian-edu-tasks.desc for package
5522 installation.</li>
5523
5524 <li>Enable Kerberos login for more services.  Now with the Kerberos
5525 foundation in place, we should use it to get single sign on with more
5526 services, and avoiding unneeded password / login questions.  We should
5527 at least try to enable it for these services:
5528 <ul>
5529
5530   <li>CUPS for admins to add/configure printers and users when using
5531     quotas.</li>
5532   <li>Nagios for admins checking the system status.</li>
5533   <li>GOsa for admins updating LDAP and users changing their passwords.</li>
5534   <li>LDAP for admins updating LDAP.</li>
5535   <li>Squid for users when exam mode / filtering is active.</li>
5536   <li>ssh for admins and users to save a password prompt.</li>
5537
5538 </ul></li>
5539
5540 <li>When we move GOsa to use Kerberos instead of LDAP bind to
5541 authenticate users, we should try to block or at least limit access to
5542 use LDAP bind for authentication, to ensure Kerberos is used when it
5543 is intended, and nothing fall back to using the less safe LDAP bind</li>
5544
5545 <li>Merge debian-edu-config and debian-edu-install.  The split made
5546 sense when d-e-install did a lot more, but these days it is just an
5547 inconvenience when we update the debconf preseeding values.</li>
5548
5549 <li>Fix partman-auto to allow us to abort the installation before
5550 touching the disk if the disk is too small.  This is
5551 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/653305">BTS report #653305</a> and the
5552 d-i developers are fine with the patch and someone just need to apply
5553 it and upload.  After this is done we need to adjust
5554 debian-edu-install to use this new hook.</li>
5555
5556 <li>Adjust to new LTSP framework (boot time config instead of install
5557 time config).  LTSP changed its design, and our hooks to install
5558 packages and update the configuration is most likely not going to work
5559 in Wheezy.
5560
5561 <li>Consider switching to NBD instead of NFS for LTSP root, to allow
5562 the Kernel to cache files in its normal file cache, possibly speeding
5563 up KDE login on slow networks.</li>
5564
5565 <li>Make it possible to create expired user passwords that need to
5566 change on first login.  This is useful when handing out password on
5567 paper, to make sure only the user know the password.  This require
5568 fixes to the PAM handling of kdm and gdm.</li>
5569
5570 <li>Make GUI for adding new machines automatically from sitesummary.
5571 The current command line script is not very friendly to people most
5572 familiar with GUIs.  This should probably be integrated into GOsa to
5573 have it available where the admin will be looking for it..</li>
5574
5575 <li>We should find way for Nagios to check that the DHCP service
5576 actually is working (as in handling out IP addresses).  None of the
5577 Nagios checks I have found so far have been working for me.</li>
5578
5579 <li>We should switch from libpam-nss-ldapd to sssd for all profiles
5580 using LDAP, and not only on for roaming workstations, to have less
5581 packages to configure and consistent setup across all profiles.</li>
5582
5583 <li>We should configure Kerberos to update LDAP and Samba password
5584 when changing password using the Kerberos protocol.  The hook was
5585 requested in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/588968">BTS report
5586 #588968</a> and is now available in Wheezy.  We might need to write a
5587 MIT Kerberos plugin in C to get this.</li>
5588
5589 <li>We should clean up the set of applications installed by default.
5590 <ul>
5591
5592 <li>reduce the number of chemistry visualisers</li>
5593 <li>consider dropping xpaint</li>
5594 <li>and probably more?</li>
5595 </ul></li>
5596
5597 <li>Some hardware need external firmware to work properly.  This is
5598 mostly the case for WiFi network cards, but there are some other
5599 examples too.  For popular laptops to work out of the box, such
5600 firmware need to be installed from non-free, and we should provide
5601 some GUI to do this.  Ubuntu already have this implemented, and we
5602 could consider using their packages.  At the moment we have some
5603 command line script to do this (one for the running system, another
5604 for the LTSP chroot).</li>
5605
5606
5607 <li>In Squeeze, we provide KDE, Gnome and LXDE as desktop options.  We
5608 should extend the list to Xfce and Sugar, and preferably find a way to
5609 install several and allow the admin or the user to select which one to
5610 use.</li>
5611
5612 <li>The golearn tool from the goplay package make it easy to check out
5613 interesting educational packages.  We should work on the package
5614 tagging in Debian to ensure it represent all the useful educational
5615 packages, and extend the tool to allow it to use packagekit to install
5616 new applications with a simple mouse click.</li>
5617
5618 <li>The Squeeze version got half a exam solution already in place,
5619 with the introduction of iptable based network blocking, but for it to
5620 be a complete exam solution the Squid proxy need to enable
5621 filtering/blocking as well when the exam mode is enabled.  We should
5622 implement a way to easily enable this for the schools that want it,
5623 instead of the "it is documented" method of today.</li>
5624
5625 <li>A feature used in several schools is the ability for a teacher to
5626 "take over" the desktop of individual or all computers in the room.
5627 There are at least three implementations,
5628 <a href="italc.sourceforge.net/">italc</a>,
5629 <a href="http://www.itais.net/help/en/">controlaula</a> og
5630 <a href="http://www.epoptes.org/">epoptes</a> and we should pick one of
5631 them and make it trivial to set it up in a school.  The challenges is
5632 how to distribute crypto keys and how to group computers in one room
5633 and how to set up which machine/user can control the machines in a
5634 given room.</li>
5635
5636 <li>Tablets and surf boards are getting more and more popular, and we
5637 should look into providing a good solution for integrating these into
5638 the Debian Edu network.  Not quite sure how.  Perhaps we should
5639 provide a installation profile with better touch screen support for
5640 them, or add some sync services to allow them to exchange
5641 configuration and data with the central server.  This should be
5642 investigated.</li>
5643
5644 </ul></p>
5645
5646 <p>I guess we will discover more as we continue to work on the Wheezy
5647 version.</p>
5648
5649       </div>
5650       <div class="tags">
5651
5652
5653         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5654
5655
5656       </div>
5657     </div>
5658     <div class="padding"></div>
5659
5660     <div class="entry">
5661       <div class="title">
5662         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Mike_Gabriel.html">Debian Edu interview: Mike Gabriel</a>
5663       </div>
5664       <div class="date">
5665          2nd June 2012
5666       </div>
5667       <div class="body">
5668         <p>Back in 2010, Mike Gabriel showed up on the
5669 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
5670 mailing list.  He quickly proved to be a valuable developer, and
5671 thanks to his tireless effort we now have Kerberos integrated into the
5672 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
5673 Squeeze</a> version.</p>
5674
5675 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5676
5677 <p>My name is Mike Gabriel, I am 38 years old and live near Kiel,
5678 Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. I live together with a wonderful partner
5679 (Angela Fuß) and two own children and two bonus children (contributed
5680 by Angela).</p>
5681
5682 <p>During the day I am part-time employed as a system administrator
5683 and part-time working as an IT consultant. The consultancy work
5684 touches free software topics wherever and whenever possible. During
5685 the nights I am a free software developer. In the gaps I also train in
5686 becoming an osteopath.</p>
5687
5688 <p>Starting in 2010 we (Andreas Buchholz, Angela Fuß, Mike Gabriel)
5689 have set up a free software project in the area of Kiel that aims at
5690 introducing free software into schools. The project's name is
5691 "IT-Zukunft Schule" (IT future for schools). The project links IT
5692 skills with communication skills.</p>
5693
5694 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5695 project?</strong></p>
5696
5697 <p>While preparing our own customised Linux distribution for
5698 "IT-Zukunft Schule" we were repeatedly asked if we really wanted to
5699 reinvent the wheel. What schools really need is already available,
5700 people said.  From this impulse we started evaluating other Linux
5701 distributions that target being used for school networks.</p>
5702
5703 <p>At the end we short-listed two approaches and compared them: a
5704 commercial Linux distribution developed by a company in Bremen,
5705 Germany, and Skolelinux / Debian Edu. Between 12/2010 and 03/2011 we
5706 went to several events and met people being responsible for marketing
5707 and development of either of the distributions. Skolelinux / Debian
5708 Edu was by far much more convincing compared to the other product that
5709 got short-listed beforehand--across the full spectrum. What was most
5710 attractive for me personally: the perspective of collaboration within
5711 the developmental branch of the Debian Edu project itself.</p>
5712
5713 <p>In parallel with this, we talked to many local and not-so-local
5714 people.  People teaching at schools, headmasters, politicians, data
5715 protection experts, other IT professionals.</p>
5716
5717 <p>We came to two conclusions:</p>
5718
5719 <p>First, a technical conclusion: What schools need is available in
5720 bits and pieces here and there, and none of the solutions really fit
5721 by 100%. Any school we have seen has a very individual IT setup
5722 whereas most of each school's requirements could mapped by a standard
5723 IT solution.  The requirement to this IT solution is flexibility and
5724 customisability, so that individual adaptations here and there are
5725 possible.  In terms of re-distributing and rolling out such a
5726 standardised IT system for schools (a system that is still to some
5727 degree customisable) there is still a lot of work to do here
5728 locally. Debian Edu / Skolelinux has been our choice as the starting
5729 point.</p>
5730
5731 <p>Second, a holistic conclusion: What schools need does not exist at
5732 all (or we missed it so far). There are several technical solutions
5733 for handling IT at schools that tend to make a good impression. What
5734 has been missing completely here in Germany, though, is the enrolment
5735 of people into using IT and teaching with IT. "IT-Zukunft Schule"
5736 tries to provide an approach for this.</p>
5737
5738 <p>Only some schools have some sort of a media concept which explains,
5739 defines and gives guidance on how to use IT in class. Most schools in
5740 Northern Germany do not have an IT service provider, the school's IT
5741 equipment is managed by one or (if the school is lucky) two (admin)
5742 teachers, most of the workload these admin teachers get done in there
5743 spare time.</p>
5744
5745 <p>We were surprised that only a very few admin teachers were
5746 networked with colleagues from other schools. Basically, every school
5747 here around has its individual approach of providing IT equipment to
5748 teachers and students and the exchange of ideas has been quasi
5749 non-existent until 2010/2011.</p>
5750
5751 <p>Quite some (non-admin) teachers try to avoid using IT technology in
5752 class as a learning medium completely. Several reasons for this
5753 avoidance do exist.</p>
5754
5755 <p>We discovered that no-one has ever taken a closer look at this
5756 social part of IT management in schools, so far. On our quest journey
5757 for a technical IT solution for schools, we discussed this issue with
5758 several teachers, headmasters, politicians, other IT professionals and
5759 they all confirmed: a holistic approach of considering IT management
5760 at schools, an approach that includes the people in place, will be new
5761 and probably a gain for all.</p>
5762
5763 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5764 Edu?</strong></p>
5765
5766 <p>There is a list of advantages: international context, openness to
5767 any kind of contributions, do-ocracy policy, the closeness to Debian,
5768 the different installation scenarios possible (from stand-alone
5769 workstation to complex multi-server sites), the transparency within
5770 project communication, honest communication within the group of
5771 developers, etc.</p>
5772
5773 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5774 Edu?</strong></p>
5775
5776 <p>Every coin has two sides:</p>
5777
5778 <p>Technically: <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/311188">BTS issue
5779 #311188</a>, tricky upgradability of a Debian Edu main server, network
5780 client installations on top of a plain vanilla Debian installation
5781 should become possible sometime in the near future, one could think
5782 about splitting the very complex package debian-edu-config into
5783 several portions (to make it easier for new developers to
5784 contribute).</p>
5785
5786 <p>Another issue I see is that we (as Debian Edu developers) should
5787 find out more about the network of people who do the marketing for
5788 Debian Edu / Skolelinux. There is a very active group in Germany
5789 promoting Skolelinux on the bigger Linux Days within Germany. Are
5790 there other groups like that in other countries? How can we bring
5791 these marketing people together (marketing group A with group B and
5792 all of them with the group of Debian Edu developers)? During the last
5793 meeting of the German Skolelinux group, I got the impression of people
5794 there being rather disconnected from the development department of
5795 Debian Edu / Skolelinux.</p>
5796
5797 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5798
5799 <p>For my daily business, I do not use commercial software at all.</p>
5800
5801 <p>For normal stuff I use Iceweasel/Firefox, Libreoffice.org. For
5802 serious text writing I prefer LaTeX. I use gimp, inkscape, scribus for
5803 more artistic tasks. I run virtual machines in KVM and Virtualbox.</p>
5804
5805 <p>I am one of the upstream developers of X2Go. In 2010 I started the
5806 development of a Python based X2Go Client, called PyHoca-GUI.
5807 PyHoca-GUI has brought forth a Python X2Go Client API that currently
5808 is being integrated in Ubuntu's software center.</p>
5809
5810 <p>For communications I have my own Kolab server running using Horde
5811 as web-based groupware client. For IRC I love to use irssi, for Jabber
5812 I have several clients that I use, mostly pidgin, though. I am also
5813 the Debian maintainer of Coccinella, a Jabber-based interactive
5814 whiteboard.</p>
5815
5816 <p>My favourite terminal emulator is KDE's Yakuake.</p>
5817
5818 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5819 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5820
5821 <p>Communicate, communicate, communicate. Enrol people, enrol people,
5822 enrol people.</p>
5823
5824       </div>
5825       <div class="tags">
5826
5827
5828         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5829
5830
5831       </div>
5832     </div>
5833     <div class="padding"></div>
5834
5835     <div class="entry">
5836       <div class="title">
5837         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Ralf_Gesellensetter.html">Debian Edu interview: Ralf Gesellensetter</a>
5838       </div>
5839       <div class="date">
5840         27th May 2012
5841       </div>
5842       <div class="body">
5843         <p>In 2003, a German teacher showed up on the
5844 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
5845 mailing list with interesting problems and reports proving he setting
5846 up Linux for a (for us at the time) lot of pupils.  His name was Ralf
5847 Gesellensetter, and he has been an important tester and contributor
5848 since then, helping to make sure the
5849 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
5850 Squeeze</a> release became as good as it is..</p>
5851
5852 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5853
5854 <p>I am a teacher from Germany, and my subjects are Geography,
5855 Mathematics, and Computer Science ("Informatik"). During the past 12
5856 years (since 2000), I have been working for a comprehensive (and soon,
5857 also inclusive) school leading to all kind of general levels, such as
5858 O- or A-level ("Abitur").  For quite as long, I've been taking care of
5859 our computer network.</p>
5860
5861 <p>Now, in my early 40s, I enjoy the privilege of spending a lot of my
5862 spare time together with my wife, our son (3 years) and our daughter
5863 (4 months).</p>
5864
5865 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5866 project?</strong></p>
5867
5868 <p>We had tried different Linux based school servers, when members of
5869 my local Linux User Group (LUG OWL) detected Skolelinux. I remember
5870 very well, being part of a party celebrating the Linux New Media Award
5871 ("Best Newcomer Distribution", also nominated: Ubuntu) that was given
5872 to Skolelinux at Linux World Exposition in Frankfurt, 2005 (IIRC). Few
5873 months later, I had the chance to join a developer meeting in Ulsrud
5874 (Oslo) and to hand out the award to Knut Yrvin and others.  For more
5875 than 7 years, Skolelinux is part of our schools infrastructure, namely
5876 our main server (tjener), one LTSP (today without thin clients), and
5877 approximately 50 work stations. Most of these have the option to boot a
5878 locally installed Skolelinux image.  As a consequence, I joined quite
5879 a few events dealing with free software or Linux, and met many Debian
5880 (Edu) developers. All of them seemed quite nice and competent to me,
5881 one more reason to stick to Skolelinux.</p>
5882
5883 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5884 Edu?</strong></p>
5885
5886 <p>Debian driven, you are given all the advantages of a community
5887 project including well maintained updates. Once, you are familiar with
5888 the network layout, you can easily roll out an entire educational
5889 computer infrastructure, from just one installation media. As only
5890 free software (FOSS) is used, that supports even elderly hardware,
5891 up-sizing your IT equipment is only limited by space (i.e. available
5892 labs).  Especially if you run a LTSP thin client server, your
5893 administration costs tend towards zero.</p>
5894
5895 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5896 Edu?</strong></p>
5897
5898 <p>While Debian's stability has loads of advantages for servers, this
5899 might be different in some cases for clients: Schools with unlimited
5900 budget might buy new hardware with components that are not yet
5901 supported by Debian stable, or wish to use more recent versions of
5902 office packages or desktop environments.  These schools have the
5903 option to run Debian testing or other distributions - if they have the
5904 capacity to do so.  Another issue is that Debian release cycles
5905 include a wide range of changes; therefor a high percentage of human
5906 power seems to be absorbed by just keeping the features of Skolelinux
5907 within the new setting of the version to come. During this process,
5908 the cogs of Debian Edu are getting more and more professional,
5909 i.e. harder to understand for novices.</p>
5910
5911 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5912
5913 <p>LibreOffice, Wikipedia, Openstreetmap, Iceweasel (Mozilla Firefox),
5914 KMail, Gimp, Inkscape - and of course the Linux Kernel (not only on
5915 PC, Laptop, Mobile, but also our SAT receiver)</p>
5916
5917 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5918 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5919
5920 <p><ol>
5921
5922 <li>Support computer science as regular subject in schools to make
5923 people really "own" their hardware, to make them understand the
5924 difference between proprietary software products, and free software
5925 developing.</li>
5926
5927 <li>Make budget baskets corresponding: In Germany's public schools
5928 there are more or less fixed budgets for IT equipment (including
5929 licenses), so schools won't benefit from any savings here. This
5930 privilege is left to private schools which have consequently a large
5931 share among German Skolelinux schools.</li>
5932
5933 <li>Get free software in the seminars where would-be teachers are
5934 trained. In many cases, teachers' software customs are respected by
5935 decision makers rather than the expertise of any IT experts.</li>
5936
5937 <li>Don't limit ourself to free software run natively. Everybody uses
5938 free software or free licenses (for instance Wikipedia), and this
5939 general concept should get expanded to free educational content to be
5940 shared world wide (school books e.g.).</li>
5941
5942 <li>Make clear where ever you can that the market share of free (libre)
5943 office suites is much above 20 p.c. today, and that you pupils don't
5944 need to know the "ribbon menu" in order to get employed.</li>
5945
5946 <li>Talk about the difference between freeware and free software.</li>
5947
5948 <li>Spread free software, or even collections of portable free apps
5949 for USB pen drives. Endorse students to get a legal copy of
5950 Libreoffice rather than accepting them to use illegal serials.  And
5951 keep sending documents in ODF formats.</li>
5952
5953 </ol></p>
5954
5955       </div>
5956       <div class="tags">
5957
5958
5959         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5960
5961
5962       </div>
5963     </div>
5964     <div class="padding"></div>
5965
5966     <div class="entry">
5967       <div class="title">
5968         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Alf_Tonny_B_tz.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Alf Tonny Bätz</a>
5969       </div>
5970       <div class="date">
5971         20th May 2012
5972       </div>
5973       <div class="body">
5974         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektets</a>
5975 musiker og mannen bak
5976 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Manuals/Rosegarden/">opplæringsdokumentene
5977 i Rosegarden</a>
5978 (<a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/nb/rosegarden-manual.html">norsk
5979 utgave</a>) for musikklærere, Alf Tonny Bätz, er neste mann ut i min
5980 intervjurunde av folkene bak Skolelinux-løsningen.  Jeg har kjent Alf
5981 Tonny siden vi møttes som barn på påskefjellet i Ofoten, og ble
5982 gledelig overrasket da han dukket opp i Skolelinux-prosjektet etter å
5983 ikke ha sett noe til ham på mange år.</p>
5984
5985 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
5986
5987 <p>Jeg er utdannet kokk av yrke, og har utøvet yrket i 12 år.  Men
5988 etter at ryggen sa takk før seg, studerte jeg nettverksadministrasjon
5989 ved Næringsakademiet i Bergen årene 2008-2009 slik at jeg kunne
5990 forfølge en av mine største interesser - data.  Til daglig jobber jeg
5991 ved <a href="http://www.narvikskolen.no/parken/">Parken
5992 ungdomsskole</a> med å drifte skolens PC-er. Har også litt
5993 musikkundervisning.</p>
5994
5995 <p>Mitt mål er å bevisstgjøre musikklærene mulighetene med de frie
5996 programmene som finnes i Skolelinux, blant annet Rosegarden.</p>
5997
5998 <p>Har i mange år drevet med musikk og en av grunnen til at Rosegarden
5999 falt i smak for min del, var fordi denne fungere og ligner mest på
6000 Windows-programmet (cubase) jeg jobbet mye med da jeg i mine yngre
6001 dager var «Windows fanatiker».  Ble introdusert til Linux av en kompis
6002 av meg for omtrent 14 år siden, og har bare blitt mer og mer glad i
6003 dette operativsystemet.</p>
6004
6005 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6006
6007 <p>Da jeg ble sykemeldt fra min gamle jobb, og måtte omskoleres,
6008 havnet jeg i 2007 sammen med Viggo Fedreheim på IKT-avdelingen i
6009 Narvik kommune, der ble jeg for første gang introdusert til
6010 Skolelinuxprosjektet.</p>
6011
6012 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6013
6014 <p>Skolelinux er enkelt å holde i drift og masse flotte programmer som
6015 geogebra, ktouch og kgeografi følger med pakken.  Man kan ta i bruk
6016 gamle PC-er igjen, slik at skoler med dårlig råd får opp en brukbar
6017 PC-park.  PC-er som er ca 6-9 år gamle fungere tilfredstillende, bare
6018 de har 512 MB RAM eller mer.</p>
6019
6020 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6021
6022 <p>Ulempene er at noen av de pedagogiske programmene som lærene ønsker
6023 å bruke fungere dårlig med Linux.  Mye pga. av at disse programmene
6024 blir ikke laget til Linuxbaserte operativsystemer.</p>
6025
6026 <p>Video- og bilde-redigering har dessverre en del mangler, mange av
6027 programmene har en tendens til og krasje.  Det gjelder blant annet
6028 <a href="http://www.kdenlive.org/">kdenlive</a> og
6029 <a href="http://www.openshotvideo.com/">openshot</a>, for å nevne
6030 noen.  De er ikke stabile nok.  Når elevene kommer med filmsnutter de
6031 ønsker og jobbe med, så godtar ikke programmene filene, og når elevene
6032 jobber med redigering bare krasjer programmene uten forvarsel.  Det er
6033 for vanskelig å få noe som bare fungerer ut av boksen her. Når en elev
6034 plugger inn et videokamera eller fotoapparat så er det alltid noe som
6035 ikke vil fungere.  Programmene godtar ikke format, godtar ikke
6036 kameraet, osv., osv. Det er dessverre med på og dra ned en positiv
6037 opplevelse av bruk av fri programvare.</p>
6038
6039 <p>Man må ofte bruke flere en et video redigerings program før og få
6040 fullført en ønsket oppgave.</p>
6041
6042 <p>Eksempel:</p>
6043
6044 <p>Hvis det ene programmet ikke vil ta i mot videofilen klarer et
6045 annet det, men det programmet som klarer det kan ikke gjøre de samme
6046 oppgavene som det programmet som ikke ville ta i mot filen,
6047 Tilsvarende er det med foto, man må bruke flere programmer for å få
6048 et ferdig resultat. Til dags dato har jeg enda ikke funnet et video-
6049 og fotoprogram som kan tilfredstillende fullføre en oppgave.</p>
6050
6051 <p>Så man kan klare og fullføre en oppgave, men i verste fall må man
6052 innom 3-4 programmer for å få det til.  Så jeg har enda ikke til dags
6053 dato sett at et program fungere 100% til alt.</p>
6054
6055 <p>Det programmet jeg har best erfaring til er
6056 <a href="http://cinelerra.org/">cinelerra</a>, men dessverre har det
6057 også tendenser og krasje av og til uten grunn.</p>
6058
6059 Lydsystemet kan også være et mareritt.  Konkret snakker jeg om når du
6060 bruker for eksempel et smartboard, så følger det med USB-lydkort på
6061 disse.  Problemet ligger her i at systemet ikke vil velge rett
6062 lydkort, så man må inn med padevchooser for å sette opp PulseAudio
6063 til og velge at USB-lydkortet skal brukes.  Det blir for tungvindt for
6064 lærene, de ønsker at ting skal fungere med en gang. (min løsning på
6065 det problemet ble at jeg måtte deaktivere lydkortet som fantes på
6066 maskinen) men da må man bestandig slå på smartboard-tavla.
6067
6068 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6069
6070 Programmene jeg bruker mest av er: Rosegarden, jack, qsynth, audacity,
6071 k3b, openttd og libreoffice.
6072
6073 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6074 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6075
6076 Jeg tror det må bevisstgjøring av Skolene til, dvs. reklamere høylytt
6077 og fortelle og vise de andre skolene at frie programvarer faktisk
6078 fungere.  Jeg trur faktisk mange ikke vet at det finnes frie
6079 alternativer.
6080
6081       </div>
6082       <div class="tags">
6083
6084
6085         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6086
6087
6088       </div>
6089     </div>
6090     <div class="padding"></div>
6091
6092     <div class="entry">
6093       <div class="title">
6094         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__J_rgen_Leibner.html">Debian Edu interview: Jürgen Leibner</a>
6095       </div>
6096       <div class="date">
6097         13th May 2012
6098       </div>
6099       <div class="body">
6100         <p>It has been a few busy weeks for me, but I am finally back to
6101 publish another interview with the people behind
6102 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>.
6103 This time it is one of our German developers, who have helped out over the
6104 years to make sure both a lot of major but also a lot of the minor
6105 details get right before release.
6106
6107 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
6108
6109 <p>My name is Jürgen Leibner, I'm 49 years old and living in
6110 Bielefeld, a town in northern Germany.  I worked nearly 20 years as
6111 certified engineer in the department for plant design and layout of an
6112 international company for machinery and equipment.  Since 2011 I'm a
6113 certified technical writer (tekom e.V.) and doing technical
6114 documentations for a steam turbine manufacturer.  From April this year
6115 I will manage the department of technical documentation at a
6116 manufacturer of automation and assembly line engineering.</p>
6117
6118 <p>My first contact with linux was around 1993. Since that time I used
6119 it at work and at home repeatedly but not exclusively as I do now at
6120 home since 2006.</p>
6121
6122 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
6123 project?</strong></p>
6124
6125 <p>Once a day in the early year of 2001 when I wanted to fetch my
6126 daughter from primary school, there was a teacher sitting in the
6127 middle of 20 old computers trying to boot them and he failed. I helped
6128 him to get them booting. That was seen by the school director and she
6129 asked me if I would like to manage that the school gets all that old
6130 computers in use. I answered: "Yes".</p>
6131
6132 <p>Some weeks later every of the 10 classrooms had one computer
6133 running Windows98. I began to collect old computers and equipment as
6134 gifts and installed the first computer room with a peer-to-peer
6135 network. I did my work at school without being payed in my spare time
6136 and with a lot of fun.  About one year later the school was connected
6137 to Internet and a local area network was installed in the school
6138 building.  That was the time to have a server and I knew it must be a
6139 Linux server to be able to fulfil all the wishes of the teachers and
6140 being able to do this in a transparent and economic way, without extra
6141 costs for things like licence and software.  So I searched for a
6142 school server system running under Linux and I found a couple of
6143 people nearby who founded 'skolelinux.de'. It was the Skolelinux
6144 prerelease 32 I first tried out for being used at the school.  I
6145 managed the IT of that school until the municipal authority took over
6146 the IT management and centralised the services for all schools in
6147 Bielefeld in December of 2006.</p>
6148
6149 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6150 Edu?</strong></p>
6151
6152 <p>When I'm looking back to the beginning, there were other advantages
6153 for me as today.</p>
6154
6155 <p>In the past there were advantages like:</p>
6156
6157 <p><ul>
6158
6159 <li>I don't need to buy it so it generates no costs to the school as
6160 they had little money to spent for computers and software.</li>
6161
6162 <li>It has a licence which grands all rights to use it without
6163 cost.</li>
6164
6165 <li>It was more able to fit all requirements of a server system for
6166 schools than a Microsoft server system, even if there are only Windows
6167 clients because of it's preconfigured overall concept of being a
6168 infrastructure solution and community for schools, not only a
6169 server</li>
6170
6171 <li>I was able to configure the server to the needs of the
6172 school.</li>
6173
6174 </ul></p>
6175
6176 <p>Today some of the advantages has been lost, changed or new ones
6177 came up in this way:</p>
6178
6179 <p><ul>
6180
6181 <li>Most schools here do have money to buy hardware and software
6182 now.</li>
6183
6184 <li>They are today mostly managed from central IT departments which
6185 have own concepts which often do not fit to Debian Edu concepts
6186 because they are to close to Microsoft ideology.</li>
6187
6188 <li>With the Squeeze version of Debian Edu which now uses GOsa² for
6189 management I feel more able to manage the daily tasks than with the
6190 interfaces used in the past.</li>
6191
6192 <li>It is more modular than in the past and fits even better to the
6193 different needs.</li>
6194
6195 <li>The documentation is usable and gets better every day.</li>
6196
6197 <li>More people than ever before are using Debian Edu all over the
6198 world and so the community, which is an very important part I think,
6199 is sharing knowledge and minds.</li>
6200
6201 <li>Most, maybe all, of the technical requirements for schools are
6202 solved today by Debian Edu. </li>
6203
6204 </ul></p>
6205
6206 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6207 Edu?</strong></p>
6208
6209 <p><ul>
6210
6211 <li>There are too few IT companies able to integrate Debian Edu into
6212 their product portfolio for serving schools with concepts or even
6213 whole municipality areas.</li>
6214
6215 <li>Debian Edu has beside other free and open software projects not
6216 enough lobbyists which promote free and open software to
6217 politicians.</li>
6218
6219 <li>Technically there are no disadvantages I'm aware of.</li>
6220
6221 </ul></p>
6222
6223 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
6224
6225 <p>I use Debian stable on my home server and on my little desktop
6226 computer. On my laptop I use Debian testing/sid. The applications I
6227 use on my laptop and my desktop are Open/Libre-office, Iceweasel,
6228 KMail, DigiKam, Amarok, Dolphin, okular and all the other programs I
6229 need from the KDE environment.  On console I use newsbeuter, mutt,
6230 screen, irssi and all the other famous and useful tools.</p>
6231
6232 <p>My home server provides mail services with exim, dovecot, roundcube
6233 and mutt over ssh on the console, file services with samba, NFS,
6234 rsync, web services with apache, moinmoin-wiki, multimedia services
6235 with gallery2 and mediatomb and database services with MySQL for me
6236 and the whole family.  I probably forgot something.</p>
6237
6238 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
6239 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
6240
6241 <p>I believe, we should provide concepts for IT companies to integrate
6242 Debian Edu into their product portfolio with use cases for different
6243 countries and areas all over the world.</p>
6244
6245       </div>
6246       <div class="tags">
6247
6248
6249         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
6250
6251
6252       </div>
6253     </div>
6254     <div class="padding"></div>
6255
6256     <div class="entry">
6257       <div class="title">
6258         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Forskning___GPL_gir_lokal_frihet_og_kontroll_gjennom_omfordeling_av_makt_fra_produsent_til_bruker_.html">Forskning: "GPL gir lokal frihet og kontroll gjennom omfordeling av makt fra produsent til bruker"</a>
6259       </div>
6260       <div class="date">
6261         15th April 2012
6262       </div>
6263       <div class="body">
6264         <p>Da jeg googlet etter noe annet kom jeg tilfeldigvis over
6265 <a href="http://www.duo.uio.no/sok/work.html?WORKID=58309">en
6266 hovedfagsoppgave</a> ved Universitetet i Oslo som diskuterer verdien
6267 av GPLs fire friheter for brukerne av IT-systemer.  Jeg ble fascinert
6268 over det som presenteres der.  Her er sammendraget:</p>
6269
6270 <p><blockquote>
6271
6272 <p>Motivasjonen til å skrive denne oppgaven er en personlig undring
6273 over hvorfor det primært, og ofte eksklusivt, fokuseres på det
6274 økonomiske aspektet ved utredninger om fri programvare er et godt valg
6275 for det offentlige. Fri og produsenteid programvare bygger på
6276 fundamentalt forskjellige ideologier som kan ha implikasjoner utover
6277 økonomiske kostnader. Kunnskapskulturen som er med på å definere fri
6278 programvare er basert på åpenhet, og er en verdi i seg selv.</p>
6279
6280 <p>Oppgavens tema er programvarelisensen GPL og frihet. GPL-lisensiert
6281 programvare gir visse friheter i forhold til produsenteid
6282 programvare. Mitt spørsmål er om, og eventuelt i hvilken utstrekning,
6283 disse frihetene blir benyttet av ulike brukere og hvordan de
6284 manifesterer seg for disse brukerne. Sentrale spørsmål i oppgaven
6285 er:</p>
6286
6287 <ul>
6288 <li>Hvordan fordeles handlekraft gjennom lisensieringen av programvaren?</li>
6289 <li>Hvilke konsekvenser har programvarelisensen for de ulike brukere? </li>
6290 </ul>
6291
6292 <p>Fri programvare gir blant annet brukeren mulighet til å studere og
6293 modifisere kildekoden. Denne formen for frihet erverves gjennom
6294 kunnskap og krever at brukeren også er en ekspert. Hva skjer med
6295 frihetene til GPL når sluttbrukeren er en annen? Dette diskuteres i
6296 dialog med informantene.</p>
6297
6298 <p>Jeg har i denne oppgaven samlet inn intervjudata fra IKT-ansvarlige
6299 ved grunnskolene i Nittedal kommune, driftsansvarlig og IKT-veilederen
6300 for skolene i kommunen, samt IKT-koordinator for utdanning i Akershus
6301 fylkeskommune og bokmåloversettere av OpenOffice.org. Den empiriske
6302 delen av oppgaven er delt inn i to seksjoner; den første omhandler
6303 operativsystemet Skolelinux, den andre kontorprogrampakken
6304 OpenOffice.org.</p>
6305
6306 <p>Som vi vil se gir GPL lokal frihet og kontroll gjennom omfordeling
6307 av makt fra produsent til bruker. Brukerens makt analyseres gjennom
6308 begrepene brukermedvirkning og handlingsfrihet. Det blir også lagt
6309 vekt på strukturelle forhold rundt bruken av teknologi, og spesielt de
6310 økonomiske begrepene nettverkseksternaliteter, innlåsing og
6311 stiavhengighet. Dette er begreper av spesiell nytte når objektet som
6312 omsettes eller distribueres er et kommunikasjonsprodukt, fordi verdien
6313 til et slikt gode for en potensiell bruker avhenger av antall
6314 eksisterende brukere av godet. I tilknytning til denne problematikken
6315 inneholder oppgaven også en diskusjon rundt åpne standarder og
6316 formater.</p>
6317
6318 <p>Oppgaven konkluderer med at de «fire frihetene» som GPL-lisensen er
6319 laget for å beskytte er av avgjørende betydning for bruken av
6320 OpenOffice.org og Skolelinux, i Akershus fylkeskommune såvel som i
6321 skolene i Nittedal. Distribusjonen av handlekraft er ikke helt
6322 symmetrisk. Det er først og fremst de profesjonelle utviklerne i
6323 Skolelinux som direkte kan nyttiggjøre seg friheten til å endre kode,
6324 mens en sluttbruker som Nittedal kommune nyttiggjør seg den økonomiske
6325 friheten til å kunne distribuere programmene. Det er imidlertid også
6326 slik at ingen aktør klarer seg uten alle disse «frihetene».</p>
6327 </blockquote></p>
6328
6329 <p>Jeg fant også en masteroppgave fra 2006, men der ligger ikke
6330 komplett oppgave tilgjengelig.  På tide å holde et øye med
6331 <a href="http://www.duo.uio.no/sok/search.html?q=skolelinux">Skolelinux-søket</a>
6332 til DUO...</p>
6333
6334
6335       </div>
6336       <div class="tags">
6337
6338
6339         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6340
6341
6342       </div>
6343     </div>
6344     <div class="padding"></div>
6345
6346     <div class="entry">
6347       <div class="title">
6348         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Andreas_Mundt.html">Debian Edu interview: Andreas Mundt</a>
6349       </div>
6350       <div class="date">
6351         15th April 2012
6352       </div>
6353       <div class="body">
6354         <p>Behind <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
6355 Skolelinux</a> there are a lot of people doing the hard work of
6356 setting together all the pieces.  This time I present to you Andreas
6357 Mundt, who have been part of the technical development team several
6358 years.  He was also a key contributor in getting GOsa and Kerberos set
6359 up in the recently released
6360 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">Debian
6361 Edu Squeeze</a> version.</p>
6362
6363 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
6364
6365 <p>My name is Andreas Mundt, I grew up in south Germany.  After
6366 studying Physics I spent several years at university doing research in
6367 Quantum Optics.  After that I worked some years in an optics company.
6368 Finally I decided to turn over a new leaf in my life and started
6369 teaching 10 to 19 years old kids at school.  I teach math, physics,
6370 information technology and science/technology.</p>
6371
6372 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
6373 project?</strong></p>
6374
6375 <p>Already before I switched to teaching, I followed the Debian Edu
6376 project because of my interest in education and Debian.  Within the
6377 qualification/training period for the teaching, I started
6378 contributing.</p>
6379
6380 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6381 Edu?</strong></p>
6382
6383 <p>The advantages of Debian Edu are the well known name, the
6384 out-of-the-box philosophy and of course the great free software of the
6385 Debian Project!</p>
6386
6387 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6388 Edu?</strong></p>
6389
6390 <p>As every coin has two sides, the out-of-the-box philosophy has its
6391 downside, too.  In my opinion, it is hard to modify and tweak the
6392 setup, if you need or want that.  Further more, it is not easily
6393 possible to upgrade the system to a new release.  It takes much too
6394 long after a Debian release to prepare the -Edu release, perhaps
6395 because the number of developers working on the core of the code is
6396 rather small and often busy elsewhere.</p>
6397
6398 <p>The <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianLAN">Debian LAN</a>
6399 project might fill the use case of a more flexible system.</p>
6400
6401 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
6402
6403 <p>I am only using non-free software if I am forced to and run Debian
6404 on all my machines.  For documents I prefer LaTeX and PGF/TikZ, then
6405 mutt and iceweasel for email respectively web browsing.  At school I
6406 have Arduino and Fritzing in use for a micro controller project.</p>
6407
6408 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
6409 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
6410
6411 <p>One of the major problems is the vendor lock-in from top to bottom:
6412 Especially in combination with ignorant government employees and
6413 politicians, this works out great for the "market-leader".  The school
6414 administration here in Baden-Wuerttemberg is occupied by that vendor.
6415 Documents have to be prepared in non-free, proprietary formats.  Even
6416 free browsers do not work for the school administration.  Publishers
6417 of school books provide software only for proprietary platforms.</p>
6418
6419 <p>To change this, political work is very important.  Parts of the
6420 political spectrum have become aware of the problem in the last years.
6421 However it takes quite some time and courageous politicians to 'free'
6422 the system.  There is currently some discussion about "Open Data" and
6423 "Free/Open Standards".  I am not sure if all the involved parties have
6424 a clue about the potential of these ideas, and probably only a
6425 fraction takes them seriously.  However it might slowly make free
6426 software and the philosophy behind it more known and popular.</p>
6427
6428       </div>
6429       <div class="tags">
6430
6431
6432         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
6433
6434
6435       </div>
6436     </div>
6437     <div class="padding"></div>
6438
6439     <div class="entry">
6440       <div class="title">
6441         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Justin_B__Rye.html">Debian Edu interview: Justin B. Rye</a>
6442       </div>
6443       <div class="date">
6444          8th April 2012
6445       </div>
6446       <div class="body">
6447         <p>It take all kind of contributions to create a Linux distribution
6448 like <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>,
6449 and this time I lend the ear to Justin B. Rye, who is listed as a big
6450 contributor to the
6451 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">Debian
6452 Edu Squeeze release manual</a>.
6453
6454 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
6455
6456 <p>I'm a 44-year-old linguistics graduate living in Edinburgh who has
6457 occasionally been employed as a sysadmin.</p>
6458
6459 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
6460 project?</strong></p>
6461
6462 <p>I'm neither a developer nor a Skolelinux/Debian Edu user!  The only
6463 reason my name's in the credits for the documentation is that I hang
6464 around on debian-l10n-english waiting for people to mention things
6465 they'd like a native English speaker to proofread...  So I did a sweep
6466 through the wiki for typos and Norglish and inconsistent spellings of
6467 "localisation".</p>
6468
6469 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6470 Edu?</strong></p>
6471
6472 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6473 Edu?</strong></p>
6474
6475 <p>These questions are too hard for me - I don't use it!  In fact I
6476 had hardly any contact with I.T. until long after I'd got out of the
6477 education system.</p>
6478
6479 <p>I can tell you the advantages of Debian for me though: it soaks up
6480 as much of my free time as I want and no more, and lets me do
6481 everything I want a computer for without ever forcing me to spend
6482 money on the latest hardware.</p>
6483
6484 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
6485
6486 <p>I've been using Debian since Rex; popularity-contest says the
6487 software that I use most is xinit, xterm, and xulrunner (in other
6488 words, I use a distinctly retro sort of desktop).</p>
6489
6490 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
6491 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
6492
6493 <p>Well, I don't know.  I suppose I'd be inclined to try reasoning
6494 with the people who make the decisions, but obviously if that worked
6495 you would hardly need a strategy.</p>
6496
6497       </div>
6498       <div class="tags">
6499
6500
6501         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
6502
6503
6504       </div>
6505     </div>
6506     <div class="padding"></div>
6507
6508     <div class="entry">
6509       <div class="title">
6510         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_the_KDE_menu_is_slow_when__usr__is_NFS_mounted___and_a_workaround.html">Why the KDE menu is slow when /usr/ is NFS mounted - and a workaround</a>
6511       </div>
6512       <div class="date">
6513          6th April 2012
6514       </div>
6515       <div class="body">
6516         <p>Recently I have spent time with
6517 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a> on speeding
6518 up a <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
6519 Lenny installation using LTSP diskless workstations, and in the
6520 process I discovered something very surprising.  The reason the KDE
6521 menu was responding slow when using it for the first time, was mostly
6522 due to the way KDE find application icons.  I discovered that showing
6523 the Multimedia menu would cause more than 20 000 IP packages to be
6524 passed between the LTSP client and the NFS server.  Most of these were
6525
6526 NFS LOOKUP calls, resulting in a NFS3ERR_NOENT response.  Because the
6527 ping times between the client and the server were in the range 2-20
6528 ms, the menus would be very slow.  Looking at the strace of kicker in
6529 Lenny (or plasma-desktop i Squeeze - same problem there), I see that
6530 the source of these NFS calls are access(2) system calls for
6531 non-existing files.  KDE can do hundreds of access(2) calls to find
6532 one icon file.  In my example, just finding the mplayer icon required
6533 around 230 access(2) calls.</p>
6534
6535 <p>The KDE code seem to search for icons using a list of icon
6536 directories, and the list of possible directories is large.  In
6537 (almost) each directory, it look for files ending in .png, .svgz, .svg
6538 and .xpm.  The result is a very slow KDE menu when /usr/ is NFS
6539 mounted.  Showing a single sub menu may result in thousands of NFS
6540 requests.  I am not the first one to discover this.  I found a
6541 <a href="https://bugs.kde.org/show_bug.cgi?id=211416">KDE bug report
6542 from 2009</a> about this problem, and it is still unsolved.</p>
6543
6544 <p>My solution to speed up the KDE menu was to create a package
6545 kde-icon-cache that upon installation will look at all .desktop files
6546 used to generate the KDE menu, find their icons, search the icon paths
6547 for the file that KDE will end up finding at run time, and copying the
6548 icon file to /var/lib/kde-icon-cache/.  Finally, I add symlinks to
6549 these icon files in one of the first directories where KDE will look
6550 for them.  This cut down the number of file accesses required to find
6551 one icon from several hundred to less than 5, and make the KDE menu
6552 almost instantaneous.  I'm not quite sure where to make the package
6553 publicly available, so for now it is only available on request.</p>
6554
6555 <p>The bug report mention that this do not only affect the KDE menu
6556 and icon handling, but also the login process.  Not quite sure how to
6557 speed up that part without replacing NFS with for example NBD, and
6558 that is not really an option at the moment.</p>
6559
6560 <p>If you got feedback on this issue, please let us know on debian-edu
6561 (at) lists.debian.org.</p>
6562
6563 <p>Update 2015-08-04: The
6564 <a href="http://anonscm.debian.org/cgit/debian-edu/upstream/kde-icon-cache.git/">source
6565 of the scripts and associated Debian package</a> is available from the
6566 Debian Edu github repository.</p>
6567
6568       </div>
6569       <div class="tags">
6570
6571
6572         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6573
6574
6575       </div>
6576     </div>
6577     <div class="padding"></div>
6578
6579     <div class="entry">
6580       <div class="title">
6581         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_in_the_Linux_Weekly_News.html">Debian Edu in the Linux Weekly News</a>
6582       </div>
6583       <div class="date">
6584          5th April 2012
6585       </div>
6586       <div class="body">
6587         <p>About two weeks ago, I was interviewed via email about
6588 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a> by
6589 Bruce Byfield in Linux Weekly News.  The result was made public for
6590 non-subscribers today.  I am pleased to see liked our Linux solution
6591 for schools.  Check out his article
6592 <a href="https://lwn.net/Articles/488805/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux: A
6593 distribution for education</a> if you want to learn more.</p>
6594
6595       </div>
6596       <div class="tags">
6597
6598
6599         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6600
6601
6602       </div>
6603     </div>
6604     <div class="padding"></div>
6605
6606     <div class="entry">
6607       <div class="title">
6608         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Wolfgang_Schweer.html">Debian Edu interview: Wolfgang Schweer</a>
6609       </div>
6610       <div class="date">
6611          1st April 2012
6612       </div>
6613       <div class="body">
6614         <p>Germany is a core area for the
6615 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
6616 user community, and this time I managed to get hold of Wolfgang
6617 Schweer, a valuable contributor to the project from Germany.
6618
6619 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
6620
6621 <p>I've studied Mathematics at the university 'Ruhr-Universität' in
6622 Bochum, Germany. Since 1981 I'm working as a teacher at the school
6623 "<a href="http://www.westfalenkolleg-dortmund.de/">Westfalen-Kolleg
6624 Dortmund</a>", a second chance school.  Here, young adults is given
6625 the opportunity to get further education in order to do the school
6626 examination 'Abitur', which will allow to study at a university. This
6627 second chance is of value for those who want a better job perspective
6628 or failed to get a higher school examination being teens.</p>
6629
6630 <p>Besides teaching I was involved in developing online courses for a
6631 blended learning project called 'abitur-online.nrw' and in some other
6632 information technology related projects. For about ten years I've been
6633 teacher and coordinator for the 'abitur-online' project at my
6634 school. Being now in my early sixties, I've decided to leave school at
6635 the end of April this year.</p>
6636
6637 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
6638 project?</strong></p>
6639
6640 <p>The first information about Skolelinux must have come to my
6641 attention years ago and somehow related to LTSP (Linux Terminal Server
6642 Project).  At school, we had set up a network at the beginning of 1997
6643 using Suse Linux on the desktop, replacing a Novell network. Since
6644 2002, we used old machines from the city council of Dortmund as thin
6645 clients (LTSP, later Ubuntu/Lessdisks) cause new hardware was out of
6646 reach. At home I'm using Debian since years and - subscribed to the
6647 Debian news letter - heard from time to time about Skolelinux. About
6648 two years ago I proposed to replace the (somehow undocumented and only
6649 known to me) system at school by a well known Debian based system:
6650 Skolelinux.</p>
6651
6652 <p>Students and teachers appreciated the new system because of a
6653 better look and feel and an enhanced access to local media on thin
6654 clients.  The possibility to alter and/or reset passwords using a GUI
6655 was welcomed, too. Being able to do administrative tasks using a GUI
6656 and to easily set up workstations using PXE was of very high value for
6657 the admin teachers.</p>
6658
6659 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6660 Edu?</strong></p>
6661
6662 <p>It's open source, easy to set up, stable and flexible due to it's
6663 Debian base. It integrates LTSP out-of-the-box. And it is documented!
6664 So it was a perfect choice.</p>
6665
6666 <p>Being open source, there are no license problems and so it's
6667 possible to point teachers and students to programs like
6668 OpenOffice.org, ViewYourMind (mind mapping) and The Gimp.  It's of
6669 high value to be able to adapt parts of the system to special needs of
6670 a school and to choose where to get support for this.</p>
6671
6672 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6673 Edu?</strong></p>
6674
6675 <p>Nothing yet.</p>
6676
6677 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
6678
6679 <p>At home (Debian Sid with Gnome Desktop): Iceweasel, LibreOffice,
6680 Mutt, Gedit, Document Viewer, Midnight Commander, flpsed (PDF
6681 Annotator).  At school (Skolelinux Lenny): Iceweasel, Gedit,
6682 LibreOffice.</p>
6683
6684 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
6685 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
6686
6687 <p>Some time ago I thought it was enough to tell people about it. But
6688 that doesn't seem to work quite well. Now I concentrate on those more
6689 interested and hope to get multiplicators that way.</p>
6690
6691       </div>
6692       <div class="tags">
6693
6694
6695         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
6696
6697
6698       </div>
6699     </div>
6700     <div class="padding"></div>
6701
6702     <div class="entry">
6703       <div class="title">
6704         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html">Linux-skoler har høyere PC-tetthet enn landsgjennomsnittet - pressemelding fra FRiSK</a>
6705       </div>
6706       <div class="date">
6707         30th March 2012
6708       </div>
6709       <div class="body">
6710         <p>I dag har <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no">FRiSK</a>
6711 sendt ut følgende pressemelding basert på mine beregninger av
6712 PC-tetthet på Linux-skoler:</p>
6713
6714 <p><strong>Linux-skoler har høyere PC-tetthet enn
6715 landsgjennomsnittet</strong></p>
6716
6717 <p>Oslo, 30 Mars 2012</p>
6718
6719 <p>Det er store forskjeller på skolenes digitale tilstand, viser
6720 undersøkelsen Monitor 2011 som er laget på oppdrag fra
6721 Kunnskapsdepartementet. Dette har ført til debatt om PC-tilgangen i
6722 skolen, og om de med Linux i skolen gjør det bedre bedre eller
6723 dårligere enn snittet i landet.</p>
6724
6725 <p>Nå har vi tallene. Skoler med Linux har 36% større PC-tetthet en
6726 landsgjennomsnittet. På spørsmål hvorfor skoler med Linux har større
6727 PC-tetthet, observerer Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken som er IKT-konsulent i
6728 Nord-Odal:</p>
6729
6730 <p><blockquote>"Vi erfarer at klienter med Skolelinux har god funksjon
6731 til de er 8 til 10 år gamle. Dette er omtrent dobbelt så lenge som
6732 andre løsninger, og skolene får mer datautstyr for
6733 pengene."</blockquote></p>
6734
6735 <p>Undersøkelsen baserer seg på 56 skoler som har gjort det offentlig
6736 at de kjører Skolelinux eller annen Linux-utgave. De kan også ha PC-er
6737 med Windows i skolenettet. Når en sammenligner PC-tetthetene på
6738 skolene i kommunene Flora, Harstad, Kongsvinger, Narvik, Nittedal,
6739 Nord-Odal og Randaberg, er det i snitt 2,28 elev pr. PC på skolene med
6740 Linux. På landsbasis er det 3.11 elev per PC i grunnskolen, i følge
6741 side 95 i Monitor-rapporten for 2011. Målingen viser dermed 36% større
6742 PC-tetthet i skoler med Linux.</p>
6743
6744 <p><strong>Om Skolelinux/Debian Edu</strong></p>
6745
6746 <p>Skolelinux har til hensikt å gi alle barn full tilgang til
6747 skoleaktuelle dataprogram på sitt eget morsmål. Derfor følger det med
6748 godt over 100 skoleaktuelle programmene laget for læring. De fleste
6749 programmene er oversatt til over 50 språk. Elevene skal også kunne
6750 studere alle sider av dataprogrammene. Derfor følger også kildekode
6751 med. Elever med interesse kan lære av eksperter som har laget
6752 systemet. Dette med enkelt programmering i læreprogram som KTurtle,
6753 til profesjonelle verktøy som Qt Creator eller Java.</p>
6754
6755 <p>Skolelinux er laget for sentralisert drift, der alt teknisk
6756 administrasjon av alle skolene kan gjøres sentralt fra kommunehuset
6757 eller sentralt i en region.  F.eks. drifter to-tre personer 70.000
6758 skoledatamaskiner på 200 skoler i delstaten Extremadura i
6759 Spania. Etter velykket bruk av Debian Edu i skolen, legger delstaten
6760 over til Debian på 40.000 datamaskiner i administrasjonen. Det er idag
6761 mange selskap som tilbyr profesjonell støtte til innføring og drift i
6762 Norge og verden.</p>
6763
6764 <p><strong>Om FRiSK</strong></p>
6765
6766 <p>Medlemsforeningen Fri Programvare i Skolen organiserer
6767 dugnadsprosjektet som står bak Skolelinux.</p>
6768
6769 <p><strong>Kontaktperson</strong></p>
6770
6771 <p>Knut Yrvin</p>
6772
6773 <p>Leder av Fri Programvare i Skolen (FRISK)</p>
6774
6775 <p>Epost: knuty at skolelinux.no
6776 <br>Mobil: +47 93 479 561</p>
6777
6778 <p><strong>Referanser</strong></p>
6779
6780 <p><ul>
6781
6782  <li><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">http://www.skolelinux.org/</a></li>
6783  <li><a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/</a></li>
6784  <li><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Download">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Download</a></li>
6785  <li><a href="https://www.wis.no/gsi">https://www.wis.no/gsi</a></li>
6786  <li><a href="http://iktsenteret.no/sites/iktsenteret.no/files/attachments/monitor2011.pdf">http://iktsenteret.no/sites/iktsenteret.no/files/attachments/monitor2011.pdf</a></li>
6787  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html</a></li>
6788  <li><a href="https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/linuxiskolen/2012-March/018500.html">https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/linuxiskolen/2012-March/018500.html</a></li>
6789
6790 </ul></p>
6791
6792       </div>
6793       <div class="tags">
6794
6795
6796         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6797
6798
6799       </div>
6800     </div>
6801     <div class="padding"></div>
6802
6803     <div class="entry">
6804       <div class="title">
6805         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Roy_Arne_Myhre.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Roy-Arne Myhre</a>
6806       </div>
6807       <div class="date">
6808         28th March 2012
6809       </div>
6810       <div class="body">
6811         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
6812 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi
6813 denne gangen høre fra en IKT-ansvarlig som har brukt Skolelinux i
6814 mange år, og vært storfornøyd med erfaringene så langt.</p>
6815
6816 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6817
6818 <p>Mitt navn er Roy-Arne Myhre og jeg er 42 år.  Jeg er ansatt hos
6819 <a href="http://www.sandskole.no/">Sand skole</a> (Balsfjord kommune)
6820 og har stort sett vært det siden 1990.  Jeg er IKT ansvarlig ved
6821 skolen i 40% stilling – 10% undervisning – musikk.</p>
6822
6823 <p>Ved skolen er det ca 100 elever og ca 18 lærere + 4 assistenter i
6824 hele og delte stillinger. Alle lærerne har bærbar PC (dessverre med
6825 Win Vista) – assistenter har tilgang til egne. Vi benytter Fronter i
6826 det daglige arbeidet.  Vi har ca 90 elevmaskiner som fungerer til
6827 daglig opp mot Linux server (XFCE) som driftes av
6828 <a href="http://www.bzz.no/">BzzWare AS</a> via nett. Maskinparken
6829 består kun av brukt utstyr for elevene – og noe av dette begynner å
6830 bli vel gammelt selv som halvtykke klienter.</p>
6831
6832 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med
6833 Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6834
6835 <p>Vi kom første gang i kontakt med Skolelinux rundt 1997. Den gang
6836 var det oppstart-disketter i hver maskin, ikke mulighet for lyd og
6837 video, gamle nettverkskort og mye plundring.  Vi hadde en ihuga
6838 forelder med som pådriver, forsker og inspirator for hele opplegget.
6839 Selv ante jeg knapt at Skolelinux fantes, men han var av den
6840 utforskende typen, og fikk både meg og skolelederen i trua på at dette
6841 var ting som kunne fungere.  Etter dette har det gått gradvis
6842 framover; flere maskiner er hentet inn gjennom bl.a
6843 <a href="http://www.greentech.no/">Greentech</a> og utrangert utstyr
6844 fra høgskole / Avinor og private givere. Når maskinene ble for trege
6845 for nye Windows-versjoner, sto vi klare til å putte dem i nettverket
6846 vårt.  Dette betyr at vi i dag har 1:1 dekning av maskiner på
6847 ungdomstrinnet og bedre enn 1:2 på barnetrinnet. Dette er vi veldig
6848 fornøyd med, og vi kan ikke se for oss hverdagen som ville vært
6849 alternativet ved bruk av Windows med sine lisenser pr. Bruker/maskin.
6850 Da ville vi nok vært tilbake til 1-2 maskiner pr klasserom med de
6851 negative konsekvenser det ville hatt for undervisningsformene våre. Vi
6852 kan ha en hel klasse i prosjektjobbing eller individuell jobbing
6853 samtidig – vi kan avholde tentamen og eksamen uten
6854 logistikkproblemer.</p>
6855
6856 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6857
6858 Hvor skal jeg begynne... Stabiliteten er et nøkkelord - det bare
6859 virker.  Har du først fått en server med Skolelinux opp og gå, så må
6860 det en maskinarefeil eller sabotasje til for å stoppe den.  Det at man
6861 kan bruke eldre maskiner som normalt sett ville gått på dynga, er også
6862 glimrende - billig for skoler med dårlig økonomi og bra for miljøet
6863 siden vi gjenbruker utstyr i stedet for å skaffe nytt. Vi ville aldri
6864 hatt mulighet til å operere med det maskinantallet vi har pr i dag
6865 hvis det ikke var for Skolelinux - så tilgjengelighet er et annet
6866 nøkkelord. Et tredje moment er sikkerhet og brukertilgang. Alle
6867 brukerer opererer med egne brukernavn og passord, samt egne
6868 brukerområder som kan tilpasses for både enbrukertilgang og for
6869 samarbeid med andre.
6870
6871 Elever har godt av å se at det finnes andre alternativer enn de som
6872 storindustrien selger på lisensbasis - på den måten trenes de opp til
6873 å se flere muligheter og å foreta valg ut fra flere opsjoner.
6874
6875 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6876
6877 <p>Ulempene med Skolelinux er nok utbredelsen og mangelen på kjennskap
6878 til dette i skolenorge.  De som skal ta økonomiske avgjørelser rynker
6879 på nesen og vil gå for det kjente og «sikre» selv om det koster mye
6880 mer. Man får rett og slett litt hetta av å ikke kunne noe – og unngår
6881 dette for enhver pris.</p>
6882
6883 <p>I tillegg er mye av linux-systemet administrert av tekstkommandoer
6884 og er lite intuitiv/visuell for oss som ikke er «inne i»
6885 kildekodene». Så problemet er nok mye godt at de som
6886 utarbeider/drifter Skolelinux ikke helt klarer å sette seg ned på
6887 skoleadministratorens nivå når det gjelder problemer og
6888 utfordringer. Men dette er nok en utfordring alle administratorer
6889 sliter med uansett OS.</p>
6890
6891 <p>Derfor har vi valgt å støtte oss til BzzWare AS for assistanse i
6892 drifta slik at jeg har kunnet konsentrere meg mer om kabling, skifting
6893 av komponenter, veiledning av lærere og elever, vedlikehold av
6894 skrivere og annen daglig drift.</p>
6895
6896 <p>Elevene mestrer Skolelinux helt fint.  Så lenge Internett
6897 (Iceweasel) og Libreoffice (Openoffice) fungerer er 90% av
6898 skolehverdagen velfungerende. I tillegg brukes jo en del av den
6899 pedagogiske programpakken bla. i forhold til matematikk og geografi,
6900 men det er såpass mye bra på nett om dagen, så disse programmene er
6901 mer som krydder å regne.</p>
6902
6903 <p>Jeg skulle ønske neste versjon av Skolelinux kunne komme litt
6904 mindre stappet med programmer, for halvparten blir aldri brukt, eller
6905 fungerer ikke uansett.  Hva med et pedagogisk panel av lærere/IKT
6906 ansvarlige som kunne sagt: disse programmene skal være standard, så
6907 får resten være slike man kan legge til ved behov – det kan lett bli
6908 en jungel å bevege seg i.</p>
6909
6910 <p>Jeg ønsker meg også en mer grafisk versjon av
6911 <a href="http://bzz.no/lwat/trac/trac.cgi">Lwat</a> hvor man kan krysse
6912 ut de som f.eks ikke skal ha internett-tilgang en dag pga
6913 eksamen/tentamen, samt en noe enklere brannmurløsning hvor man kan
6914 stenge for en del (få) sider på en enkel måte.  Jeg liker godt
6915 Skolelinux sin ideologi om at filteret skal trenes i hodet på eleven –
6916 men av og til skulle jeg ønske at f.eks Facebook og Youtube kunne vært
6917 koblet vekk en periode for å få bedre utnyttelse av tid og
6918 ressurser. Disse to nettstedene er nok mye av årsaken til at mange
6919 lærere holder igjen databruken noe mer enn man kunne ønske.</p>
6920
6921 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6922
6923 Jeg benytter nesten bare fri programvare til daglig. LibreOffice,
6924 Iceweasel (Firefox), Thunderbird til e-post og Gimp til
6925 bildebehandling.  Vi har PHP-Nuke-oppsatt hjemmeside. Det eneste som
6926 jeg ikke har fått helt til enda er videoredigering - her må man vel
6927 innrømme at Mac er hakket over, men da er vi igjen over på å se hva
6928 som egner seg best, og ta valg ut fra det. Folk flest lever i
6929 villfarelsen om at regneark HETER Excel og tekstbehandling HETER
6930 Word. Dette er en misforståelse som jeg bruker mye energi på å
6931 diskutere og "åpne sinn" på Microsoft-slaver.  Dessverre er det mange
6932 IKT-ansvarlige som også har låst seg på at det eneste saliggjørende er
6933 Bill G sine produkter.
6934
6935 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6936 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6937
6938 <p>For å komme lenger i utbredelsen av Skolelinux tror jeg det må mer
6939 fram i nasjonale medier, samt komme bedre fram hva økonomien i dette
6940 valget vil være – samt mulighetene. Fri programvare er en berikelse og
6941 gjør oss i stand til å utføre arbeidet i skolen uten å måtte legge
6942 igjen tusener på tusener i Bill Gates lomme.. Få ETT nettsted med
6943 forståelig veiledning av installasjon/oppgradering og ETT forum med
6944 konkrete feilrettinger og problemer, så tror jeg vi kunne kommet et
6945 par skritt framover. Ellers tror jeg bare at ildsjelene må fortsette å
6946 skinne – kanskje flere enn oss følger etter på veien.</p>
6947
6948       </div>
6949       <div class="tags">
6950
6951
6952         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6953
6954
6955       </div>
6956     </div>
6957     <div class="padding"></div>
6958
6959     <div class="entry">
6960       <div class="title">
6961         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_screencast__Checking_email_with_kmail_using_Kerberos_authentication.html">Debian Edu screencast: Checking email with kmail using Kerberos authentication</a>
6962       </div>
6963       <div class="date">
6964         25th March 2012
6965       </div>
6966       <div class="body">
6967         <!-- Video HTML based on http://www.diveintohtml5.net/video.html -->
6968
6969 <p>The same Debian Edu developer that did the last screen cast I
6970 published, Wolfgang Schweer, has created a new screen cast showing how
6971 to set up Kmail in Debian Edu Squeze to authenticate using Kerberos,
6972 allowing users to check their local email account without providing
6973 any password. The video is embedded here in quarter size,
6974 and also available from <a href="https://vimeo.com/38601767">vimeo</a>
6975 and download as a
6976 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv">Ogg
6977 Theora</a> file.  Check it out below.</p>
6978
6979 <p><video id="kmail-kerberos-movie" width="256" height="184" preload controls>
6980   <source src="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv" type='video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"' />
6981     <p>Download video as
6982       <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv">Ogg</a>.</p>
6983 </video></p>
6984
6985       </div>
6986       <div class="tags">
6987
6988
6989         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6990
6991
6992       </div>
6993     </div>
6994     <div class="padding"></div>
6995
6996     <div class="entry">
6997       <div class="title">
6998         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html">Større PC-tetthet i skolen med Skolelinux?</a>
6999       </div>
7000       <div class="date">
7001         19th March 2012
7002       </div>
7003       <div class="body">
7004         <p>Den siste uka har det vært en del skriverier om hvor store
7005 forskjeller det er mellom skolene når det gjelder digital kompetanse.
7006 Et eksempel er
7007 <a href="http://www.digi.no/891660/bekymret-for-it-i-skolen">oppslaget
7008 i Digi</a>.  Diskusjonen fikk meg til å bli litt nysgjerrig på om
7009 Linux-skoler har større PC-tettet enn snittet i landet.  Grunnlaget
7010 for diskusjonen har vært undersøkelsen
7011 <a href="https://iktsenteret.no/ressurser/monitor-2011-skolens-digitale-tilstand">Monitor
7012 2011</a>, som bruker informasjon fra
7013 <a href="https://www.wis.no/gsi">Grunnskolens Informasjonssystem</a>
7014 (GSI).  GSI-data kan lastes ned fra web og jeg lastet ned en Excel-fil
7015 (intet åpen standard-valg tilgjengelig) med navn på alle skoler,
7016 hvilke kommune de befinner seg i og hvor mange elever pr. elev-PC de
7017 har rapportert inn.  For å få en ide om svaret trenger jeg deretter å
7018 vite hvilke skoler i landet som bruker Linux, slik at jeg kan slå dem
7019 opp i GSI og finne ut hvor stor PC-tetthet de har.</p>
7020
7021 <p>Jeg vet om skoler i Balsfjord, Flora, Harstad, Kongsvinger, Narvik,
7022 Nittedal, Nord-Odal, Randaberg og Sunndal som bruker Skolelinux eller
7023 andre Linux-varianter.  Jeg tror det er flere enn de 56 skolene jeg
7024 har klart å identifisere de siste dagene, men har ikke klart å få det
7025 bekreftet med offentlige kilder.</p>
7026
7027 <p>Monitor 2011-rapporteres side 95 forteller at det "ifølge GSI
7028 (20120-2011) er det 3,11 elever per datamaskin når vi tar med alle
7029 grunnskoler (1.-10.trinn)".  For de 56 Linux-skolene jeg har klart å
7030 koble mot informasjon i GSI er det 2,28 elever per elevdatamaskin,
7031 hvilket betyr at det er 36% høyere PC-tetthet på Linux-skoler enn
7032 landsgjennomsnittet.  Linux-skolen med høyest tettet blant de jeg har
7033 notert -skole er Flora ungdomsskule i Flora kommune med 0.82 elev
7034 pr. PC (482 elever, 588 elevdatamaskiner).</p>
7035
7036 <p>Skolelinux gir datamaskiner lengre levetid, og en kan dermed få
7037 flere operative datamaskiner for samme budsjett, i tillegg til en
7038 rekke andre fordeler.  Kan det være forklaringen på forskjellen?</p>
7039
7040 <p>Tallene må tas med en liten klype, da GSI ser ut til å ha endel
7041 feilføringer.  Jeg synes i hvert fall en skole med 423 elever og 9
7042 elevmaskiner ser mistenkelig ut.  Eller en skole med 346 elever, 0
7043 elevmaskiner, som er et annet ekstremt eksempel jeg fant.</p>
7044
7045 <p>Takk til Sturle Sunde, Klaus Ade Johnstad, Ole-Anders Andreassen og
7046 Trond Mæhlum for innspill om skoler med Linux.</p>
7047
7048       </div>
7049       <div class="tags">
7050
7051
7052         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7053
7054
7055       </div>
7056     </div>
7057     <div class="padding"></div>
7058
7059     <div class="entry">
7060       <div class="title">
7061         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__John_Ingleby.html">Debian Edu interview: John Ingleby</a>
7062       </div>
7063       <div class="date">
7064         19th March 2012
7065       </div>
7066       <div class="body">
7067         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
7068 users are spread all across the globe.  The second inteview after
7069 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">the
7070 Squeeze release</a> was publised is with John Ingleby, a teacher and
7071 long time Linux user in United Kingdom.</p>
7072
7073 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
7074
7075 <p>I teach ICT part time at the Rudolf Steiner School in Kings
7076 Langley, near London, UK. Previously I worked as a technical
7077 author/trainer while my children attended the school, and I also
7078 contributed to the Schoolforge UK community with the aim of
7079 encouraging UK schools to adopt free/open source software. Five or six
7080 years ago we had about 50 schools interested in some way, but we
7081 weren't able to convert many of them into sustainable
7082 installations.</p>
7083
7084 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
7085 project?</strong></p>
7086
7087 <p>Skolelinux had two representatives at an early Edubuntu meeting in
7088 London which I attended. However at that time our school network had
7089 just been installed using CentOS, LTSP 4 and GNOME. When LTSP 5 came
7090 along we switched to Edubuntu thin client servers so now we have a
7091 mixed environment which includes Windows PCs and student laptops, as
7092 well as their MacBooks and iPads. However, the proprietary systems
7093 have always been rather problematic, and we never built a GUI for the
7094 LDAP server, so when I discovered Skolelinux is configured for all
7095 these things we decided to try it.</p>
7096
7097 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
7098 Edu?</strong></p>
7099
7100 <p>By far the biggest advantage is the Debian Edu community. Apart
7101 from that I have always believed in the same "sustainable computing"
7102 goals that Skolelinux is built on: installing Linux on computers which
7103 would otherwise be thrown away, to provide a reliable, secure and
7104 low-cost IT environment for schools. From my own experience I know
7105 that a part-time person can teach and manage a network of about 25
7106 Linux computers, but it would take much more of my time if we had
7107 proprietary software everywhere.</p>
7108
7109 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
7110 Edu?</strong></p>
7111
7112 <p>As a newcomer I'm just finding out who's who in the community and
7113 how you're organised, and what your procedures are for dealing with
7114 various things such as editing manual pages and so-on. The only
7115 English language mailing list seems to be for developers as well as
7116 users, so my inbox needs heavy pruning each day!</p>
7117
7118 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
7119
7120 <p>Besides the software already mentioned at school we use Samba,
7121 OpenLDAP, CUPS, Nagios and Dansguardian for the network, and on the
7122 desktops we have LibreOffice, Firefox, GIMP and Inkscape. At home I
7123 use Ubuntu and an Android 4 eePad Transformer (but I'm not sure if
7124 that counts...)</p>
7125
7126 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
7127 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
7128
7129 <p>That's a tough question! For very many years UK schools installed
7130 and taught only proprietary software, so that at the highest levels
7131 the notion of "computer" means simply "proprietary office
7132 applications".  However, schools today are experiencing budget
7133 constraints, and many are having to think hard about upgrading Windows
7134 XP.  At the same time, we have students showing teachers how to use
7135 iPads, MacBooks and Android, so the choice of operating system is no
7136 longer quite so automatic. What is more, our government at last
7137 realised that we need people with programming skills, so they're
7138 putting coding back in the curriculum! And it's encouraging that the
7139 first 10,000 Raspberry Pi units sold out in 2 hours.</p>
7140
7141 <p>I don't really know what strategy is going to get UK schools to use
7142 free software, but building an active community of Skolelinux/Debian
7143 Edu users in this country has to be part of it.</p>
7144
7145       </div>
7146       <div class="tags">
7147
7148
7149         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
7150
7151
7152       </div>
7153     </div>
7154     <div class="padding"></div>
7155
7156     <div class="entry">
7157       <div class="title">
7158         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Writing_and_translating_documentation_in_Debian_Edu.html">Writing and translating documentation in Debian Edu</a>
7159       </div>
7160       <div class="date">
7161         16th March 2012
7162       </div>
7163       <div class="body">
7164         <p>Documentation in Debian Edu is provided in several languages, and
7165 it is important to make it both easy to contribute and to keep the
7166 translated versions in sync.  To do this we have come up with what we
7167 believe is a very efficient work flow.</p>
7168
7169 <ol>
7170
7171 <li>The documentation is written in a
7172 <a href="http://moinmo.in">moinmoin wiki</a> (see for example
7173 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">the
7174 Squeeze release manual</a>) with support for exporting the content as
7175 docbook XML.</li>
7176
7177 <li>This docbook document is given to po4a to extract a gettext style
7178 .pot file with the content, which in turn is used to create .po files
7179 with the translated text.</li>
7180
7181 <li>The .po files are given to translators, and they can always tell
7182 which part of the original wiki document is new or changed.  They can
7183 use their normal translation tools like lokalize or poedit to write
7184 the translation.  There is even a system in place to handle translated
7185 images.</li>
7186
7187 <li>The translated .po files are combined with the original docbook
7188 XML document using po4a to create a translated docbook document.</li>
7189
7190 <li>The final step is to use all the generated docbook files and
7191 create PDF and HTML version of the original and translated documents.</li>
7192
7193 </ol>
7194
7195 <p>This setup work very well, but have a few issues.  The biggest
7196 issue is that <a href="http://moinmo.in/DocBook">the docbook support
7197 we use in moinmoin</a> is not actively maintained.  The docbook
7198 support is also buggy, and our build system contain workarounds to
7199 make sure the generated docbook is usable despite these bugs.</p>
7200
7201 <p>If you want to have a look at our setup, it is all there in the
7202 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/debian-edu-doc">debian-edu-doc
7203 package</a>.</p>
7204
7205       </div>
7206       <div class="tags">
7207
7208
7209         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7210
7211
7212       </div>
7213     </div>
7214     <div class="padding"></div>
7215
7216     <div class="entry">
7217       <div class="title">
7218         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/NUUG_presentasjon__Skolelinux___ferdig_oppsatt_skolenettl_sning.html">NUUG-presentasjon: Skolelinux - ferdig oppsatt skolenettløsning</a>
7219       </div>
7220       <div class="date">
7221         13th March 2012
7222       </div>
7223       <div class="body">
7224         <p>I dag presenterte jeg ny versjon av Skolelinux for NUUGs medlemmer.
7225 <a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/mypapers/20120313-skolelinux-squeeze.html">Lysark</a>
7226 er tilgjengelige allerede og
7227 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20120313-skolelinux/">video-opptak</a>
7228 kommer så snart videogruppa til NUUG får publisert den.  Jeg kom på
7229 endel punkter om nye ting i Squeeze-utgaven under veis som jeg burde
7230 hatt med, og har sikkert skrevet noe tull på lysarkene som jeg ennå
7231 ikke har oppdaget.  Denne presentasjonen ble smurt ihop på veldig kort
7232 tid, og jeg rakk ikke finpusse den.  Håper den kan være lærerik
7233 likevel.</p>
7234
7235       </div>
7236       <div class="tags">
7237
7238
7239         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
7240
7241
7242       </div>
7243     </div>
7244     <div class="padding"></div>
7245
7246     <div class="entry">
7247       <div class="title">
7248         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__K_re_Nordby.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Kåre Nordby</a>
7249       </div>
7250       <div class="date">
7251         12th March 2012
7252       </div>
7253       <div class="body">
7254         <p>Første ut i serien med intervjuer av folk i
7255 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet etter at
7256 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">ny
7257 versjon av Skolelinux</a> ble lansert i helga, er nylig valgte
7258 styremedlem i foreningen
7259 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
7260 Skolen</a> (FRiSK) som organiserer
7261 Skolelinux-utviklingen og daglig leder i
7262 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a>, selskapet
7263 prosjektet opprettet som et tilbud til skoler som ønsket en
7264 kommersiell samarbeidsparter.  Det bør nevnes at jeg er styremedlem i
7265 Skolelinux Drift AS og styreleder i selskapets hovedeier stiftelsen
7266 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/">SLX Debian Labs</a>
7267 som beskytter verdiene til Skolelinux-prosjektet, og kjenner Kåre den
7268 veien.</p>
7269
7270 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7271
7272 <p>Jeg har siden januar 2010 vært daglig leder i Skolelinux Drift AS,
7273 som leverer support, installasjon, tilpasning, drift, og opplæring på
7274 Debian Edu / Skolelinux. Fra 2012 er jeg valgt inn som styremedlem i
7275 FRiSK.  Min forrige jobb var som KAM i Redpill Linpro (som er en av
7276 eierne i Skolelinux Drift).  Før det var jeg daglig leder i et eget 7
7277 manns konsulent selskap som også startet med fri programvare mot
7278 slutten.</p>
7279
7280 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7281
7282 <p>Jeg hørte om det først når jeg jobbet i Redpill Linpro.  Men jeg
7283 har også en datter som går på en friskole, som også bruker Skolelinux.
7284 Som kjent har ikke friskoler de samme økonomiske rammebetingelsene som
7285 offentlige skoler, så for dem var det det absolutt beste alternativet.
7286 De anser også Skolelinux som et stabilt system, som bare går og går (i
7287 motsetning til det lille Windows-baserte nettverket de har på
7288 admin-siden).</p>
7289
7290 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7291
7292 <p>Sentralisert drift av tynne og diskløse arbeidsstasjoner. Således
7293 lydløse og raskere arbeidsstasjoner som er bedre i klasserommet.
7294 Lengre levetid på PC'er.  Store besparelser på maskinvare og drift. Og
7295 så klart fjerning av alle lisenskostnader. Personlig synes jeg også at
7296 mange av programmene er bedre enn alternativene. Men dette er ofte en
7297 smakssak og avhengig om man må ha det man er vant til fra før.</p>
7298
7299 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7300
7301 <p>For lite kjentskap til løsningen.  Noen ganger for dårlig
7302 kompatibilitet med arbeidsstasjoners/bærbare maskiner sine
7303 nettverksdrivere eller skjermkort. Men dette løser vi i skolene ved
7304 standardisering. Ellers er det få, om nesten ingen, av de kjente
7305 maskinvare / infrastruktur leverandørene til fylkes- / kommuner som
7306 tilbyr denne plattformen.  Skal dette endre seg så må kommunene selv
7307 sette slike krav til leverandørene.</p>
7308
7309 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7310
7311 <p>Har brukt OpenOffice.org siden starten (2001 ?), Kun Linux på
7312 desktop siden 2005. Bruker i dag Kubuntu, Libreoffice og ymse annet
7313 programvare til ulik kontorbruk som er lett å installere / teste via
7314 alle programarkivene som finnes.</p>
7315
7316 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7317 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7318
7319 <p>Fortsette å presentere flere av de gode eksemplene hvor Debian Edu
7320 / Skolelinux brukes i kommuner og enkeltskoler.  Vi må få bedre frem
7321 at det er mulig tilknytte både Windows og Mac klienter på denne
7322 plattformen (selv om det vil øke driftskostnadene).  Dette gjøres
7323 mange steder.  Spesielt er det mange lærere som ønsker å bruke
7324 Windows/Mac-bærbare, gjerne som sin private PC også. Det er også mulig
7325 for kommunen å integrere med Active Directory i stedet for OpenLDAP
7326 som kommer med ut av boksen (selv om også dette øker kostnadene).
7327 Dette vil muligens bidra til å fjerne noe motstand hos noen
7328 potensielle brukere / driftpersonell for å ta i bruk noe
7329 nytt. Fremveksten av mobile brukere og nettbrett går i vår favør.
7330 Brukerne blir kjent og vant til flere nye operativsystemer /
7331 brukergrensesnitt. Så utviklerfellesskapet bør jobbe videre med å
7332 integrere flere nye klienttyper, som ultra lav-kostklienter og
7333 nettbrett (blant annet fri programvare-alternativet
7334 <a href="http://makeplaylive.com/">Spark</a> med
7335 <a href="http://www.merproject.org/">Mer OS</a> og
7336 <a href="http://plasma-active.org/">KDE Active Plasma</a>).</p>
7337
7338       </div>
7339       <div class="tags">
7340
7341
7342         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7343
7344
7345       </div>
7346     </div>
7347     <div class="padding"></div>
7348
7349     <div class="entry">
7350       <div class="title">
7351         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_Squeeze_is_out_.html">Skolelinux / Debian Edu Squeeze is out!</a>
7352       </div>
7353       <div class="date">
7354         11th March 2012
7355       </div>
7356       <div class="body">
7357         <p>This weekend we finally published the first stable release of
7358 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a> based
7359 on Debian/Squeeze.  The full announcement is
7360 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">available</a>
7361 from the project announcement list.  Now is a good time to test if it
7362 you have not done so already.</p>
7363
7364 <p>I plan to present the new version at
7365 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20120313-skolelinux/">a NUUG
7366 meeting</a> on tuesday.  I look forward to seeing you there if you are
7367 in Oslo, Norway.</p>
7368
7369       </div>
7370       <div class="tags">
7371
7372
7373         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7374
7375
7376       </div>
7377     </div>
7378     <div class="padding"></div>
7379
7380     <div class="entry">
7381       <div class="title">
7382         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Nigel_Barker.html">Debian Edu interview: Nigel Barker</a>
7383       </div>
7384       <div class="date">
7385          9th March 2012
7386       </div>
7387       <div class="body">
7388         <p>Inspired by <a href="http://raphaelhertzog.com/tag/interview/">the
7389 interview series</a> conducted by Raphael, I started a Norwegian
7390 interview series with people involved in the Debian Edu / Skolelinux
7391 community.  This was so popular that I believe it is time to move to a
7392 more international audience.</p>
7393
7394 <p>While <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
7395 Skolelinux</a> originated in France and Norway, and have most users in
7396 Europe, there are users all around the globe.  One of those far away
7397 from me is Nigel Barker, a long time Debian Edu system administrator
7398 and contributor.  It is thanks to him that Debian Edu is adjusted to
7399 work out of the box in Japan.  I got him to answer a few questions,
7400 and am happy to share the response with you. :)
7401
7402
7403 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
7404
7405 <p>My name is Nigel Barker, and I am British. I am married to Yumiko,
7406 and we have three lovely children, aged 15, 14 and 4(!) I am the IT
7407 Coordinator at Hiroshima International School, Japan. I am also a
7408 teacher, and in fact I spend most of my day teaching Mathematics,
7409 Science, IT, and Chemistry. I was originally a Chemistry teacher, but
7410 I have always had an interest in computers. Another teacher teaches
7411 primary school IT, but apart from that I am the only computer person,
7412 so that means I am the network manager, technician and webmaster,
7413 also, and I help people with their computer problems. I teach python
7414 to beginners in an after-school club. I am way too busy, so I really
7415 appreciate the simplicity of Skolelinux.</p>
7416
7417 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
7418 project?</strong></p>
7419
7420 <p>In around 2004 or 5 I discovered the ltsp project, and set up a
7421 server in the IT lab. I wanted some way to connect it to our central
7422 samba server, which I was also quite poor at configuring. I discovered
7423 Edubuntu when it came out, but it didn't really improve my setup. I
7424 did various desperate searches for things like "school Linux server"
7425 and ended up in a document called "Drift" something or other. Reading
7426 there it became clear that Skolelinux was going to solve all my
7427 problems in one go. I was very excited, but apprehensive, because my
7428 previous attempts to install Debian had ended in failure (I used
7429 Mandrake for everything - ltsp, samba, apache, mail, ns...). I
7430 downloaded a beta version, had some problems, so subscribed to the
7431 Debian Edu list for help. I have remained subscribed ever since, and
7432 my school has run a Skolelinux network since Sarge.</p>
7433
7434 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
7435 Edu?</strong></p>
7436
7437 <p>For me the integrated setup. This is not just the server, or the
7438 workstation, or the ltsp. Its all of them, and its all configured
7439 ready to go. I read somewhere in the early documentation that it is
7440 designed to be setup and managed by the Maths or Science teacher, who
7441 doesn't necessarily know much about computers, in a small Norwegian
7442 school. That describes me perfectly if you replace Norway with
7443 Japan.</p>
7444
7445 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
7446 Edu?</strong></p>
7447
7448 <p>The desktop is fairly plain. If you compare it with Edubuntu, who
7449 have fun themes for children, or with distributions such as Mint, who
7450 make the desktop beautiful. They create a good impression on people
7451 who don't need to understand how to use any of it, but who might be
7452 important to the school. School administrators or directors, for
7453 instance, or parents. Even kids. Debian itself usually has ugly
7454 default theme settings. It was my dream a few years back that some
7455 kind of integration would allow Edubuntu to do the desktop stuff and
7456 Debian Edu the servers, but now I realise how impossible that is.  A
7457 second disadvantage is that if something goes wrong, or you need to
7458 customise something, then suddenly the level of expertise required
7459 multiplies. For example, backup wasn't working properly in Lenny. It
7460 took me ages to learn how to set up my own server to do rsync backups.
7461 I am afraid of anything to do with ldap, but perhaps Gosa will
7462 help.</p>
7463
7464 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
7465
7466 <p>Nowadays I only use Debian on my personal computers. I have one for
7467 studio work (I play guitar and write songs), running AV Linux
7468 (customised Debian) a netbook running Squeeze, and a bigger laptop
7469 still running Skolelinux Lenny workstation. I have a Tjener in my
7470 house, that's very useful for the family photos and music.  At school
7471 the students only use Skolelinux. (Some teachers and the office still
7472 have windows). So that means we only use free software all day every
7473 day. Open office, The GIMP, Firefox/Iceweasel, VLC and Audacity are
7474 installed on every computer in school, irrespective of OS.  We also
7475 have Koha on Debian for the library, and Apache, Moodle, b2evolution
7476 and Etomite on Debian for the www. The firewall is Untangle.</p>
7477
7478 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
7479 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
7480
7481 <p>Current trends are in our favour. Open source is big in industry,
7482 and ordinary people have heard of it. The spread of Android and the
7483 popularity of Apple have helped to weaken the impression that you have
7484 to have Microsoft on everything. People complain to me much less about
7485 file formats and Word than they did 5 years ago.  The Edu aspect is
7486 also a selling point. This is all customised for schools. Where is the
7487 Windows-edu, or the Mac-edu?  But of course the main attraction is
7488 budget.The trick is to convince people that the quality is not
7489 compromised when you stop paying and use free software instead. That
7490 is one reason why I say the desktop experience is a weakness. People
7491 are not impressed when their USB drive doesn't work, or their browser
7492 doesn't play flash, for example.</p>
7493
7494       </div>
7495       <div class="tags">
7496
7497
7498         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
7499
7500
7501       </div>
7502     </div>
7503     <div class="padding"></div>
7504
7505     <div class="entry">
7506       <div class="title">
7507         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_screencast__Mass_creation_of_user_accounts_in_Squeeze.html">Debian Edu screencast: Mass creation of user accounts in Squeeze</a>
7508       </div>
7509       <div class="date">
7510          7th March 2012
7511       </div>
7512       <div class="body">
7513         <!-- Video HTML based on http://www.diveintohtml5.net/video.html -->
7514
7515 <p>One of the Debian Edu developers, Wolfgang Schweer, just created a
7516 screen cast documenting how to create a lot of new users in LDAP on
7517 Debian Edu Squeeze.  The video is embedded here in quarter size, and
7518 also available from <a href="http://vimeo.com/37675399">vimeo</a> and
7519 download as a
7520 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv">Ogg
7521 Theora</a> file.  Check it out below.</p>
7522
7523 <p><video id="gosa-mass-user-create-movie" width="256" height="184" preload controls>
7524   <source src="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv" type='video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"' />
7525     <p>Download video as
7526       <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv">Ogg</a>.</p>
7527 </video></p>
7528
7529       </div>
7530       <div class="tags">
7531
7532
7533         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7534
7535
7536       </div>
7537     </div>
7538     <div class="padding"></div>
7539
7540     <div class="entry">
7541       <div class="title">
7542         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Third release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
7543       </div>
7544       <div class="date">
7545          4th March 2012
7546       </div>
7547       <div class="body">
7548         <p>This weekend we wrapped up and published the third release
7549 candidate for <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
7550 Skolelinux</a> based on Squeeze.  The full announcement is
7551 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00000.html">available</a>
7552 from the project announcement list.  Check it out if you
7553 need a software solution for your school.</p>
7554
7555       </div>
7556       <div class="tags">
7557
7558
7559         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7560
7561
7562       </div>
7563     </div>
7564     <div class="padding"></div>
7565
7566     <div class="entry">
7567       <div class="title">
7568         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Stopmotion_for_making_stop_motion_animations_on_Linux___reloaded.html">Stopmotion for making stop motion animations on Linux - reloaded</a>
7569       </div>
7570       <div class="date">
7571          3rd March 2012
7572       </div>
7573       <div class="body">
7574         <p>Many years ago, the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux
7575 / Debian Edu project</a> initiated a student project to create a tool
7576 for making stop motion movies.  The proposal came from a teacher
7577 needing such tool on Skolelinux.  The project, called "stopmotion",
7578 was manned by two extraordinary students and won a school award and a
7579 national aware with this great project.  The project was initiated and
7580 mentored by Herman Robak, and manned by the students Bjørn Erik Nilsen
7581 and Fredrik Berg Kjølstad.  They got in touch with people at Aardman
7582 Animation studio and received feedback on how professionals would like
7583 such stopmotion tool to work, and the end result was and is used by
7584 animators around the globe.  But as is usual after studying, both got
7585 jobs and went elsewhere, and did not have time to properly tend to the
7586 project, and it has been lingering for a few years now.  Until last
7587 year...</p>
7588
7589 <p>Last year some of the users got together with Herman, and moved the
7590 project to Sourceforge and in effect restarted the project under a new
7591 name,
7592 <a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/linuxstopmotion/">linuxstopmotion</a>.
7593 The name change was done to make it possible to find the project using
7594 Internet search engines (try to search for 'stopmotion' to see what I
7595 mean). I've been following
7596 <a href="https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/linuxstopmotion-community">the
7597 mailing list</a> and the improvement already in place and planned for
7598 the future is encouraging.  If you want to make stop motion movies.
7599 Check it out. :)</p>
7600
7601       </div>
7602       <div class="tags">
7603
7604
7605         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
7606
7607
7608       </div>
7609     </div>
7610     <div class="padding"></div>
7611
7612     <div class="entry">
7613       <div class="title">
7614         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Frode_Danielsen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Frode Danielsen</a>
7615       </div>
7616       <div class="date">
7617         27th February 2012
7618       </div>
7619       <div class="body">
7620         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
7621 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet møter vi
7622 denne gangen Frode Danielsen, som er leder for en IT-virksomhet som
7623 passer på IT-løsningen til flere kommuner i Hedmark-området, der noen
7624 av dem bruker Skolelinux i dag.</p>
7625
7626 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7627
7628 <p>Daglig leder i <a href="http://www.hedmarken-ikt.no/">Hedmark
7629 IKT</a>. En interkommunal IKT-virksomhet for Stange, Nord-Odal,
7630 Kongsvinger, Grue, Løten og Hamar kommuner. Vi er 32 ansatte</p>
7631
7632 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7633
7634 <p>Vi har vært i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet i flere
7635 sammenhenger, blant annet gjennom et par piloter som ikke har ført til
7636 noe konkret resultat.  Nå sist gjennom satsingen på skolelinux i Grue,
7637 Kongsvinger og Nord-Odal.</p>
7638
7639 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong>
7640 <br><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7641
7642 <p>Jeg tror alle løsninger har fordeler og ulemper, litt avhengig av
7643 hvilket ståsted du selv har, så jeg unnlater å svare på dette.</p>
7644
7645 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7646
7647 <p>Ingen for min egen del, men vi har noe fri programvare i våre
7648 løsninger.</p>
7649
7650 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7651 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7652
7653 <p>Jeg tror ikke man skal ha en slik strategi.  Man bør ha en strategi
7654 basert på å løse fremtidige behov, og velge løsninger som støtter opp
7655 under dette.</p>
7656
7657       </div>
7658       <div class="tags">
7659
7660
7661         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7662
7663
7664       </div>
7665     </div>
7666     <div class="padding"></div>
7667
7668     <div class="entry">
7669       <div class="title">
7670         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Second release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
7671       </div>
7672       <div class="date">
7673         27th February 2012
7674       </div>
7675       <div class="body">
7676         <p>This weekend we wrapped up and published the second release
7677 candidate for <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
7678 Skolelinux</a> based on Squeeze.  The full announcement did for some
7679 reason not make it the project announcement list, but is
7680 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-devel-announce/2012/02/msg00015.html">available</a>
7681 from the Debian development announcement list.  Check it out if you
7682 need a software solution for your school.</p>
7683
7684       </div>
7685       <div class="tags">
7686
7687
7688         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7689
7690
7691       </div>
7692     </div>
7693     <div class="padding"></div>
7694
7695     <div class="entry">
7696       <div class="title">
7697         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Knut_Yrvin.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Knut Yrvin</a>
7698       </div>
7699       <div class="date">
7700         21st February 2012
7701       </div>
7702       <div class="body">
7703         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
7704 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi nå
7705 høre fra nyvalgt leder i foreningen
7706 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
7707 Skolen</a> og en av stifterne av Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
7708
7709 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7710
7711 <p>Knut Yrvin her. Jobber i Nokia med å fremme rammeverket Qt og QML
7712 med tilhørende utviklerverktøy. Rollen er som leder av
7713 friprog-samfunn. I fjor var jeg med å legge om utviklingen av Qt til
7714 åpen forvaltning.  På den måten kan alle som bidrar til Qt gjøre det
7715 på like vilkår.  Nå er det
7716 <a href="http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2011/12/22/qt-5-%E2%80%93-a-look-back-at-the-numbers/">over
7717 1000 utviklere</a> som bidrar til Qt. Med overgangen til åpen
7718 forvaltning er utviklingen av Qt mer åpen enn Linux-kjernen.</p>
7719
7720 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7721
7722 <p>Jeg var en av initiativtagerne til Skolelinux i 2001. Skolene slet
7723 med både utstyr og Internett-tilgang. De klarte ikke å møte
7724 forventningene til data i skolen. Driften av PC-ene var uholdbar. Som
7725 regel hadde rektor pekt ut en ivrig lærer til å passe på PC-ene,
7726 gjerne naturfaglæreren. Mange lærere jobbet mye ubetalt overtid for å
7727 vedlikeholde 30-40 datamaskiner på hver sin skole. Med 300 elever og
7728 lærere som brukere, blir det fort mye mer arbeid enn de 4-8 timene de
7729 kunne bruke på PC-drift. Skolene hadde kun en femtedel av
7730 IT-budsjettet som ble brukt på PC-ene i rådhuset.</p>
7731
7732 <p>Vi erfarte at skolene hadde mye datautstyr som stod ubrukt. Skolene
7733 manglet penger til Microsoft-lisenser. Selv med solide skolerabatter,
7734 kostet Microsoft-lisensene gjerne like mye som PC-ene i seg selv over
7735 en periode på 5-6 år.</p>
7736
7737 <p>Viktigheten av språklig mangfold og pedagogiske programmer var også
7738 viktig for oss. Vi oversatte mange skoleaktuelle programmer til
7739 nynorsk, nordsamisk og bokmål. Dette lenge før andre tok denne
7740 oppgaven seriøst.  Allerede etter ett år hadde vi etablert et helt
7741 arsenal av skoleaktuelle programmer på nynorsk, bokmål og
7742 nordsamisk. Vi spredde vår ide om språklig mangfold til de andre frie
7743 prosjekter internasjonalt. Resultatene ser vi i mange land. Det er de
7744 frie programmene som kommer på brukernes morsmål. Det er en av flere
7745 gode grunner til at fri programvare som LibreOffice, VLC, KDE og
7746 Firefox konkurrerer ut godseid programvare mange steder i verden.</p>
7747
7748 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7749
7750 <p>Fordelene er at Skolelinux tilbyr over 100 skoleaktuelle programmer
7751 på de norske språkene, uten ett øre i lisenskostnader. Systemet gir
7752 enormt lave driftskostnader med diskløse arbeidsstasjoner og bærbare
7753 med roaming.  Skolelinux krever også mindre av maskinvaren.</p>
7754
7755 <p>Man kan fint kjøre systemet med 512 MB RAM på en bærbar PC sammen
7756 med en nettvideo i nettleseren og en presentasjon med
7757 LibreOffice. Konkurrerende system krever fort 2 GB RAM for å få til
7758 noe tilsvarende uten at det går ufattelig tregt. Skal man gjøre noe
7759 nyttig, krever konkurrentene til Linux mye større harddisk. Skoler har
7760 rapportert at de fort har fått 50% flere nye maskiner om de velger
7761 Linux. Dette i tillegg til de årlige besparelsene ved å unngå
7762 lisensbetaling til godseid programvare.</p>
7763
7764 <p>De lave driftskostnadene gjør at delstater i Europa har titusener
7765 av datamaskiner med Skolelinux i skolen. F.eks. er det under ti
7766 personer som drifter 70.000 PC-systemer i skolene i Extremadura i
7767 Spania. Det er slett ikke uvanlig at norske kommuner har 1500-2000
7768 datamaskiner med Skolelinux.  Driften tar ett årsverk. Slår flere
7769 kommuner seg sammen, kan de få samme sentraliserte stordriftsfordeler
7770 som delstater i Tyskland og Spania.  Delstater som kjører Skolelinux
7771 på alle skolene. Bare noen få personer sentraldrifter titusenvis av
7772 PC-er.</p>
7773
7774 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7775
7776 <p>Den største ulempen for Skolelinux er motstand mot Linux fra
7777 IT-sjefer i det offentlige. Dette er ledere som holder innlegg som
7778 snytt ut av evangelist-håndboka til Microsoft. Dette gjøres i ett
7779 arbeidsmarked med stor vekst i etterspørselen etter Linux-fagfolk i
7780 privat sektor.  Etterspørselen har økt mer enn noe annet tekniske yrke
7781 siste tiåret.  Åtte av ti ledere vil ansette Linux-fagfolk i 2012,
7782 rapporterer jobbnettstedet Dice.com på oppdrag av Linux
7783 Foundation.</p>
7784
7785 <p>Det mangler 16.000 ingeniører og IKT-fagfolk i Norge rapporterte
7786 arbeids- og velferdsetaten NAV. Linux-fagfolk kan velge svært
7787 interessante jobber med alt fra apps på ledende mobilsystem laget med
7788 Linux, sky- tjenester eller web-applikasjoner. De raskest voksende
7789 teknologiselskapene i verden er ute etter Linux-fagfolk. Det være seg
7790 Amazon, Google, Facebook og IBM for å nevne noen. Linux er kritisk
7791 for å sikre veksten i markedet. Det sier seg selv at lønningene og
7792 jobbmulighetene er bedre enn for andre tekniske yrker.</p>
7793
7794 <p>Skal man lage apps for mobilen, smart-TV-en eller
7795 underholdningssystemet i bilen eller på flyet, er det Linux som
7796 gjelder. Med en slik konkurranse om Linux-kompetansen, kombinert med
7797 motstanden mot Linux hos mange IT-sjefer i offentlig sektor, så
7798 hindrer kommunene rekruttering av flere Linux- fagfolk. Skolene blir
7799 tvunget til å velge dyrere og mindre komplette IT-system. De har
7800 blitt hengende igjen slik IT var på begynnelsen av 2000- tallet. Dette
7801 fordi IT-ledere ikke har tilpasset seg markedet det siste tiåret.</p>
7802
7803 <p>Når det er sagt, er Skolelinux svært enkelt å lære seg også for de
7804 som ikke kan. Det viser alle lærerne som drifter systemet for
7805 hundrevis og tusenvis av systemer. Det meste er på plass rett ut av
7806 boksen. I tillegg er det solid med dokumentasjon med god hjelp på
7807 nettet. Det er mange kommuner som har ansatt en lærer som først lærte
7808 Skolelinux på sin skole, for så å drifte alle PC-ene i kommunen med
7809 Skolelinux. Det kan fort være snakk om 1000-3000 datamaskiner på 10-15
7810 skoler som sentraldriftes med en stilling.  Står man ordentlig fast,
7811 kan man også kjøpe profesjonell hjelp fra selskap som støtter
7812 Skolelinux. Det er flere slike selskap i Norge og i utlandet.</p>
7813
7814 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7815
7816 <p>Qt SDK, LibreOffice, Firefox, VLC og KDE-skrivebordet. Dette på et
7817 Debian-basert GNU/Linux-system. Jeg bruker også noen morsomme
7818 3D-spill. Idag kan jeg velge mellom over 30.000 Linux-programmer. Det
7819 finnes ikke tid i livet å undersøke alle valgmulighetene. Derfor er
7820 det bra med Skolelinux i skolen, da utvalget av programmer er
7821 begrenset til hva som er aktuelt i skolefagene.</p>
7822
7823 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7824 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7825
7826 <p>Vi må selge hele Skolelinux forhåndsinstallert på maskinvare i hele
7827 pakker med 50-100-1000 PC-klienter med servere. Dette kan selges til
7828 enkeltskoler eller hele kommuner. Pakken må inneholde tjenermaskiner,
7829 svært rimelige diskløse arbeidsstasjoner, nettbrett med Plasma Active,
7830 og bærbare med roaming. Alt er godt testet med Debian. I et slikt
7831 anbud er det mulig å legge til sentraliserte drifts- og
7832 støttetjenester.</p>
7833
7834 <p>Man bør også selge sky-tjenester som læreadministrative systemet
7835 Moodle og driftsovervåking. I tillegg så bør man slenge seg på med
7836 presentasjoner de gangene LibreOffice og andre friprog-produkter
7837 selges til kommuner.</p>
7838
7839       </div>
7840       <div class="tags">
7841
7842
7843         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7844
7845
7846       </div>
7847     </div>
7848     <div class="padding"></div>
7849
7850     <div class="entry">
7851       <div class="title">
7852         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">First release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
7853       </div>
7854       <div class="date">
7855         19th February 2012
7856       </div>
7857       <div class="body">
7858         <p>One week delayed due to DVD build problems, we managed today to
7859 wrap up and publish the first release candidate for
7860 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
7861 on Squeeze.  The full announcement is
7862 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/02/msg00001.html">available</a>
7863 on the project announcement list.  Check it out if you need a software
7864 solution for your school.</p>
7865
7866       </div>
7867       <div class="tags">
7868
7869
7870         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7871
7872
7873       </div>
7874     </div>
7875     <div class="padding"></div>
7876
7877     <div class="entry">
7878       <div class="title">
7879         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Olav_Dahlum.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Olav Dahlum</a>
7880       </div>
7881       <div class="date">
7882         18th February 2012
7883       </div>
7884       <div class="body">
7885         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
7886 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi nå
7887 høre fra et nyvalgt medlem i foreningen
7888 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
7889 Skolen</a>.</p>
7890
7891 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7892
7893 <p>Jeg heter Olav Dahlum, og er frilans oversetter, tester,
7894 prosjektleder og bruker av fri og åpen programvare som
7895 LibreOffice. Jeg er også et av styremedlemmene i FRISK.</p>
7896
7897 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7898
7899 <p>Jeg kom i kontakt med prosjektet i 2009, da jeg ble ansatt i
7900 stiftelsen Åpne kontorprogram på norsk for å oversette og teste den
7901 norske utgaven av OpenOffice.org. Arbeidet har hele tiden vært
7902 koordinert sammen med Skolelinux, og mange av de samme menneskene er
7903 involvert, så på den måten ble jeg en del av den utvidede
7904 familien.</p>
7905
7906 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7907
7908 <p>Skolelinux handler i likhet med utdanningssektoren om å dele
7909 kunnskap med andre, og det er dette som er hovedstyrken til
7910 prosjektet.  Selv om Skolelinux hovedsaklig er involvert i utvikling
7911 av programvare, er det også et sted der man kan utfolde seg uavhengig
7912 av bakgrunn og ferdigheter.</p>
7913
7914 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7915
7916 <p>Liten utbredelse og manglende støtte fra leverandører som leverer
7917 pedagogisk programvare til skolebruk.  Kunne kanskje hatt flere
7918 verktøy som letter administrasjonen ytterligere, slik at også mindre
7919 erfarne databrukere kan utføre lett vedlikehold og rutinejobber.</p>
7920
7921 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7922
7923 <p>Jeg er nesten forpliktet til å si at jeg bruker LibreOffice... Jeg
7924 bruker forøvrig frie og åpne operativsystemer basert på
7925 operativsystemkjernen Linux, for tiden openSUSE 12,1 med KDE4.  Men
7926 hvis jeg skal dra fram noen flere eksempler så er nok Mozilla Firefox
7927 og Thunderbird to av de jeg bruker mest. I tillegg er jeg en flittig
7928 bruker av OpenSSH, Irssi, Midnight Commander, Git, Subversion,
7929 Translation Toolkit og Super Maryo Chronicles (litt gøy skal man ha,
7930 og med to håndkontroller liggende er det ikke til å unngå).</p>
7931
7932 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7933 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7934
7935 <p>Vi må få leverandører av pedagogisk programvare med på laget, men
7936 også utvikle vår egen tilpasset det norske markedet.  Det er også
7937 mulig å involvere utdanningssektoren direkte i arbeidet, for eksempel
7938 gjennom studentprosjekter der elevene selv er med å utforme
7939 programvare direkte eller indirekte gjennom aktive bidrag.  Dette gjør
7940 ikke bare samarbeidet tettere, men fokuset på standarder og friheten
7941 til å velge sin egen løsning vil kanskje stimulere interessen for
7942 framtidig deltakelse i bransjen.  Vi som driver med fri og åpen
7943 programvare ønsker oss ikke rene konsumenter, men tenkende og
7944 selvstendige individer som kan være med å skape sin egen fremtid.</p>
7945
7946       </div>
7947       <div class="tags">
7948
7949
7950         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7951
7952
7953       </div>
7954     </div>
7955     <div class="padding"></div>
7956
7957     <div class="entry">
7958       <div class="title">
7959         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_proxy_configuration_with_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux.html">Automatic proxy configuration with Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
7960       </div>
7961       <div class="date">
7962         13th February 2012
7963       </div>
7964       <div class="body">
7965         <p>New in the Squeeze version of
7966 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> is the
7967 ability for clients to automatically configure their proxy settings
7968 based on their environment.  We want all systems on the client to use
7969 the WPAD based proxy definition fetched from <tt>http://wpad/wpad.dat</tt>, to
7970 allow sites to control the proxy setting from a central place and make
7971 sure clients do not have hard coded proxy settings.  The schools can
7972 change the global proxy setting by editing
7973 <tt>tjener:/etc/debian-edu/www/wpad.dat</tt> and the change propagate
7974 to all Debian Edu clients in the network.</p>
7975
7976 <p>The problem is that some systems do not understand the WPAD system.
7977 In other words, how do one get from a WPAD file like this (this is a
7978 simple one, they can run arbitrary code):</p>
7979
7980 <blockquote><pre>
7981 function FindProxyForURL(url, host)
7982 {
7983    if (!isResolvable(host) ||
7984        isPlainHostName(host) ||
7985        dnsDomainIs(host, ".intern"))
7986       return "DIRECT";
7987    else
7988       return "PROXY webcache:3128; DIRECT";
7989 }
7990 </pre></blockquote>
7991
7992 <p>to a proxy setting in the process environment looking like this:</p>
7993
7994 <blockquote><pre>
7995 http_proxy=http://webcache:3128/
7996 ftp_proxy=http://webcache:3128/
7997 </pre></blockquote>
7998
7999 <p>To do this conversion I developed a perl script that will execute
8000 the javascript fragment in the WPAD file and return the proxy that
8001 would be used for
8002 <tt><a href="http://www.debian.org/">http://www.debian.org/</a></tt>,
8003 and insert this extracted proxy URL in <tt>/etc/environment</tt> and
8004 <tt>/etc/apt/apt.conf</tt>.  The perl script wpad-extract work just
8005 fine in Squeeze, but in Wheezy the library it need to run the
8006 javascript code is <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/631045">no longer
8007 able to build</a> because the C library it depended on is now a C++
8008 library.  I hope someone find a solution to that problem before Wheezy
8009 is frozen.  An alternative would be for us to rewrite wpad-extract to
8010 use some other javascript library currently working in Wheezy, but no
8011 known alternative is known at the moment.</p>
8012
8013 <p>This automatic proxy system allow the roaming workstation (aka
8014 laptop) setup in Debian Edu/Squeeze to use the proxy when the laptop
8015 is connected to the backbone network in a Debian Edu setup, and to
8016 automatically use any proxy present and announced using the WPAD
8017 feature when it is connected to other networks.  And if no proxy is
8018 announced, direct connections will be used instead.</p>
8019
8020 <p>Silently using a proxy announced on the network might be a privacy
8021 or security problem.  But those controlling DHCP and DNS on a network
8022 could just as easily set up a transparent proxy, and force all HTTP
8023 and FTP connections to use a proxy anyway, so I consider that
8024 distinction to be academic.  If you are afraid of using the wrong
8025 proxy, you should avoid connecting to the network in question in the
8026 first place.  In Debian Edu, the proxy setup is updated using dhcp and
8027 ifupdown hooks, to make sure the configuration is updated every time
8028 the network setup changes.</p>
8029
8030 <p>The WPAD system is documented in a
8031 <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-wrec-wpad-01">IETF
8032 draft</a> and a
8033 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_Proxy_Autodiscovery_Protocol">Wikipedia
8034 page</a> for those that want to learn more.</p>
8035
8036       </div>
8037       <div class="tags">
8038
8039
8040         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8041
8042
8043       </div>
8044     </div>
8045     <div class="padding"></div>
8046
8047     <div class="entry">
8048       <div class="title">
8049         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Axel_Bojer.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Axel Bojer</a>
8050       </div>
8051       <div class="date">
8052          7th February 2012
8053       </div>
8054       <div class="body">
8055         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
8056 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet har jeg
8057 fått en av oversetterne som har vært med siden starten i tale.</p>
8058
8059 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8060
8061 <p>Jeg heter Axel Bojer og er datalærer, tysklærer, oversetter med
8062 mere.</p>
8063
8064 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8065
8066 <p>Tror jeg så en annonsering på nettet i slutten av 2001 og ville
8067 være med som oversetter.  Jeg kom med på en utviklersamling og
8068 prosjektet var da helt i starten.  Det var spennende å være med mens
8069 prosjektet vokste til og utviklet seg.</p>
8070
8071 <p>Jeg har «alltid» vært språkinteressert og hadde nettopp startet med
8072 Linux og tror jeg tenkte det passet å bidra.  Var også glad for å få
8073 en Debian-distribusjon, og ville gjerne bruke den selv.  Til å begynne
8074 med brukte jeg først Mandrake og så Debian. Og siden jeg oppdaget at
8075 det ikke var noen mulighet for å bruke den som enkeltstående i lang
8076 tid, så gikk jeg etterhvert over til Kubuntu</p>
8077
8078 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8079
8080 <p>Løsningen er forholdsvis lett å sette opp, gratis, fri programvare
8081 og gjør det mulig å gjenbruke eldre maskiner.  Det fine med Debian er
8082 at det er stabilt og har en veldig stor mengde programmer. Jeg liker
8083 også apt.  :-) Jeg liker også friheten ved Linux og muligheten til å
8084 delta og forme sin egen datahverdag.</p>
8085
8086 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8087
8088 <p>Skolelinux er for lite kjent og for sent ute med å gi ut nye
8089 versjoner.</p>
8090
8091 <p>Da jeg selv i hovedsak bruker Kubuntu, så kan jeg egentlig ikke
8092 svare så detaljert rundt ulempene med Skolelinux.  Hovedårsaken til at
8093 jeg bruker Kubuntu er nok at da vi begynte med det mener jeg det ikke
8094 var noen annen løsning.  «Vandrende arbeidsstasjon» mener jeg ikke
8095 fantes da.  Dessuten ville jeg ha siste versjon, da den KDE-versjonen
8096 som var i Skolelinux den gangen var en god del enklere (tror det var
8097 KDE 2) var dårligere i mine øyne enn versjon 3.</p>
8098
8099 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8100
8101 <p>Jeg bruker blant annet Kubuntu, LibreOffice, Thunderbird, Firefox,
8102 Kate, <a href="http://comix.sourceforge.net/">Comix</a> og Konsole.  Og
8103 en hel haug andre ved behov :-)</p>
8104
8105 <p>Har oversatt Comix selv, men det er jo ikke skjedd noe med Comix
8106 siden 2009, så den er det nok bare jeg som har.  Om andre vil ha den
8107 gir jeg den gjerne videre.  Ser at noen har startet på
8108 <a href="http://mcomix.sourceforge.net/">MComix</a> siden jeg så på så
8109 på dette sist, så nå er jeg igang med å teste og oversette den
8110 også.</p>
8111
8112 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8113 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8114
8115 <p>Det viktigste er å forankre beslutningen i kollegiet og med de som
8116 er ansvarlige for å vedlikeholde og bruke datamaskinene.  Flest mulig
8117 bør være med på å holde det (sosialt) vedlike, kjenne og støtte
8118 prinsippene. Som enkeltmannsprosjekt blir det lett veldig sårbart,
8119 særlig når (Skole)linux ennå i stor grad er en motkultur og ikke noe
8120 en stor nok andel av beslutningstakere, brukere osv kjenner til og
8121 bruker.</p>
8122
8123 <p>Jeg tror det viktigste er å fortsette å holde fri programvare godt,
8124 oppdatert, minimere antall feil, ha en god kontakt med brukerne og
8125 attraktivt og spennende programmer. Beholde alt som er bra og ha det
8126 tilgjengelig samtidig som man tilbyr det nyeste og rareste for de som
8127 vil ha det.</p>
8128
8129       </div>
8130       <div class="tags">
8131
8132
8133         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8134
8135
8136       </div>
8137     </div>
8138     <div class="padding"></div>
8139
8140     <div class="entry">
8141       <div class="title">
8142         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Saving_power_with_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_using_shutdown_at_night.html">Saving power with Debian Edu / Skolelinux using shutdown-at-night</a>
8143       </div>
8144       <div class="date">
8145          5th February 2012
8146       </div>
8147       <div class="body">
8148         <p>Since the Lenny version of
8149 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>, a
8150 feature to save power have been included.  It is as simple as it is
8151 practical: Shut down unused clients at night, and turn them on again
8152 in the morning.  This is done using the
8153 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/shutdown-at-night.html">shutdown-at-night</a> Debian package.</p>
8154
8155 <p>To enable this feature on a client, the machine need to be added to
8156 the netgroup shutdown-at-night-hosts.  For Debian Edu, this is done in
8157 LDAP, and once this is in place, the machine in question will check
8158 every hour from 16:00 until 06:00 to see if the machine is unused, and
8159 shut it down if it is.  If the hardware in question is supported by
8160 the
8161 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/n/nvram-wakeup.html">nvram-wakeup</a>
8162 package, the BIOS is told to turn the machine back on around 07:00 +-
8163 10 minutes.  If this isn't working, one can configure wake-on-lan to
8164 try to turn on the client.  The wake-on-lan option is only documented
8165 and not enabled by default in Debian Edu.</p>
8166
8167 <p>It is important to not turn all machines on at once, as this can
8168 blow a fuse if several computers are connected to the same fuse like
8169 the common setup for a classroom.  The nvram-wakeup method only work
8170 for machines with a functioning hardware/BIOS clock.  I've seen old
8171 machines where the BIOS battery were dead and the hardware clock were
8172 starting from 0 (or was it 1990?) every boot.  If you have one of
8173 those, you have to turn on the computer manually.</p>
8174
8175 <p>The shutdown-at-night package is completely self contained, and can
8176 also be used outside the Debian Edu environment.  For those without a
8177 central LDAP server with netgroups, one can instead touch the file
8178 <tt>/etc/shutdown-at-night/shutdown-at-night</tt> to enable it.
8179 Perhaps you too can use it to save some power?</p>
8180
8181       </div>
8182       <div class="tags">
8183
8184
8185         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8186
8187
8188       </div>
8189     </div>
8190     <div class="padding"></div>
8191
8192     <div class="entry">
8193       <div class="title">
8194         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_beta_version_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Third beta version of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
8195       </div>
8196       <div class="date">
8197          4th February 2012
8198       </div>
8199       <div class="body">
8200         <p>I am happy to announce that finally we managed today to wrap up and
8201 publish the third beta version of
8202 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
8203 on Squeeze.  If you want to test a LDAP backed Kerberos server with
8204 out of the box PXE configuration for running diskless machines and
8205 installing new machines, check it out.  If you need a software
8206 solution for your school, check it out too.  The full announcement is
8207 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/02/msg00000.html">available</a>
8208 on the project announcement list.</p>
8209
8210 <p>I am very happy to report these changes and improvements since
8211 beta2 (there are more, see announcement for full list):</p>
8212
8213 <ul>
8214
8215 <li>It is now possible to change the pre-configured IP subnet from
8216   10.0.0.0/8 to something else by using the subnet-change tool after
8217   the installation.</li>
8218
8219 <li>Too full partitions are now automatically extended on the Main
8220   Server, based on the rules specified in /etc/fsautoresizetab.</li>
8221
8222 <li>The CUPS queues are now automatically flushed every night, and all
8223   disabled queues are restarted every hour.  This should cut down on
8224   the amount of manual administration needed for printers.</li>
8225
8226 <li>The set of initial users have been changed.  Now a personal user
8227   for the local system administrator is created during installation
8228   instead of the previously created localadmin and super-admin users,
8229   and this user is granted administrative privileges using group
8230   membership.  This reduces the number of passwords one need to keep
8231   up to date on the system.</li>
8232
8233 </ul>
8234
8235 <p>The new main server seem to work so well that I am testing it as my
8236 private DNS/LDAP/Kerberos/PXE/LTSP server at home.  I will use it look
8237 for issues we could fix to polish Debian Edu even further before the
8238 final Squeeze release is published.</p>
8239
8240 <p>Next weekend the project organise a
8241 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/01/msg00001.html">developer
8242 gathering</a> in Oslo.  We will continue the work on the Squeeze
8243 version, and start initial planning for the Wheezy version.  Perhaps I
8244 will see you there?</p>
8245
8246       </div>
8247       <div class="tags">
8248
8249
8250         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8251
8252
8253       </div>
8254     </div>
8255     <div class="padding"></div>
8256
8257     <div class="entry">
8258       <div class="title">
8259         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Handling_non_free_firmware_in_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Handling non-free firmware in Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
8260       </div>
8261       <div class="date">
8262         27th January 2012
8263       </div>
8264       <div class="body">
8265         <p>With some computer hardware, one need non-free firmware blobs.
8266 This is the sad fact of todays computers.  In the next version of
8267 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
8268 on Squeeze, we provide several scripts and modifications to make
8269 firmware blobs easier to handle.  The common use case I run into is a
8270 laptop with a wireless network card requiring non-free firmware to
8271 work, but there are other use cases as well.</p>
8272
8273 <p>First and foremost, Debian Edu provide ISO images for DVD and CD
8274 with all firmware packages in the Debian sections main and non-free
8275 included, to ensure debian-installer find and can install all of them
8276 during installation.  This take care firmware for network devices used
8277 by the installer when installing from from local media.  But for
8278 example multimedia devices are not activated in the installer and are
8279 not taken care of by this.</p>
8280
8281 <p>For non-network devices, we provide the script
8282 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/auto-addfirmware</tt> which
8283 search through the <tt>dmesg</tt> output for drivers requesting extra
8284 firmware.  The firmware file name is looked up in the Contents-ARCH.gz
8285 file available in the package repository, and the packages providing
8286 the requested firmware file(s) is installed.  I have proposed to do
8287 something similar in debian-installer (BTS report
8288 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/655507">#655507</a>), to allow PXE
8289 installs of Debian to handle firmware installation better.  Run the
8290 script as root from the command line to fetch and install the needed
8291 firmware packages.</p>
8292
8293 <p>Debian Edu provide PXE installation of Debian out of the box, and
8294 because some machines need firmware to get their network cards
8295 working, the installation initrd some times need extra firmware
8296 included to be able to install at all.  To fill the PXE installation
8297 initrd with extra firmware, the
8298 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/pxe-addfirmware</tt> script is
8299 provided.  Again, just run it as root on the command line to fill the
8300 PXE initrd with firmware packages.</p>
8301
8302 <p>Last, some LTSP clients might also need firmware to get their
8303 network cards working.  For this,
8304 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/ltsp-addfirmware</tt> is
8305 provided to update the LTSP initrd with firmware blobs.  It is used
8306 the same way as the other firmware related tools.</p>
8307
8308 <p>At the moment, we do not run any of these during installation.  We
8309 do not know if this is acceptable for the local administrator to use
8310 non-free software, and it is their choice.</p>
8311
8312 <p>We plan to release beta3 this weekend.  You might want to give it a
8313 try.</p>
8314
8315       </div>
8316       <div class="tags">
8317
8318
8319         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8320
8321
8322       </div>
8323     </div>
8324     <div class="padding"></div>
8325
8326     <div class="entry">
8327       <div class="title">
8328         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skjermbilder_fra_nordsamisk_installasjon_av_Skolelinux_Squeeze.html">Skjermbilder fra nordsamisk installasjon av Skolelinux/Squeeze</a>
8329       </div>
8330       <div class="date">
8331         26th January 2012
8332       </div>
8333       <div class="body">
8334         <p>For morro skyld har jeg gjennomført en nordsamisk installasjon for
8335 neste utgave av <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>
8336 (Squeeze) og knipset skjermbilder av resultatet.</p>
8337
8338 <p>Som en kan se der er det noen oversettelser som mangler.  Det hadde
8339 vært hyggelig hvis alle tekstene som vises i Skolelinux-installasjonen
8340 ble oversatt til nordsamisk, men for å få det til må noen som forstår
8341 språket melde seg til dyst.  Det er mangel på nordsamiske oversettere
8342 av fri programvare.  Hvis noen starter raskt, så bør en rekke å
8343 fullføre Wheezy-utgaven før den gis ut. :)</p>
8344
8345 <p>Se <a href="http://d-i.debian.org/l10n-stats/">oversetterstatistikk for
8346 debian installer</a> for detaljert status.  Jeg har tipset
8347 <a href="https://lister.ping.uio.no/mailman/listinfo/i18n-sme">epostlisten for samiskoversettelser</a>,
8348 men det har vært veldig liten aktivitet der de siste årene.</p>
8349
8350 <p><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/01-isomenu.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/01-isomenu.png" width="40%"></a>
8351 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/02-sme-lang.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/02-sme-lang.png" width="40%"></a>
8352 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/03-sme-place.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/03-sme-place.png" width="40%"></a>
8353 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/04-sme-keymap.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/04-sme-keymap.png" width="40%"></a>
8354 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/05-sme-profile.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/05-sme-profile.png" width="40%"></a>
8355 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/06-sme-autopart.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/06-sme-autopart.png" width="40%"></a>
8356 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/07-sme-popcon.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/07-sme-popcon.png" width="40%"></a>
8357 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/08-sme-rootpw1.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/08-sme-rootpw1.png" width="40%"></a>
8358 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/09-sme-rootpw2.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/09-sme-rootpw2.png" width="40%"></a>
8359 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/10-sme-firstuser.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/10-sme-firstuser.png" width="40%"></a>
8360 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/11-sme-firstusername.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/11-sme-firstusername.png" width="40%"></a>
8361 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/12-sme-firstuserpw1.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/12-sme-firstuserpw1.png" width="40%"></a>
8362 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/13-sme-firstuserpw2.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/13-sme-firstuserpw2.png" width="40%"></a>
8363 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/14-sme-part.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/14-sme-part.png" width="40%"></a>
8364 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/15-sme-debootstrap.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/15-sme-debootstrap.png" width="40%"></a>
8365 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/16-sme-tasksel.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/16-sme-tasksel.png" width="40%"></a>
8366 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/17-sme-wordlist.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/17-sme-wordlist.png" width="40%"></a>
8367 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/18-sme-tasksel.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/18-sme-tasksel.png" width="40%"></a>
8368 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/19-sme-ltsp.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/19-sme-ltsp.png" width="40%"></a>
8369 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/20-sme-grub.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/20-sme-grub.png" width="40%"></a>
8370 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/21-sme-finish-install.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/21-sme-finish-install.png" width="40%"></a>
8371 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/22-sme-finish-message.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/22-sme-finish-message.png" width="40%"></a></p>
8372
8373       </div>
8374       <div class="tags">
8375
8376
8377         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8378
8379
8380       </div>
8381     </div>
8382     <div class="padding"></div>
8383
8384     <div class="entry">
8385       <div class="title">
8386         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Setting_up_a_new_school_with_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Setting up a new school with Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
8387       </div>
8388       <div class="date">
8389         25th January 2012
8390       </div>
8391       <div class="body">
8392         <p>The next version of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu
8393 / Skolelinux</a> will include a new tool
8394 <tt>sitesummary2ldapdhcp</tt>, which can be used to quickly set up all
8395 the computers in a school without much manual labour.  Here is a short
8396 summary on how to use it to set up a new school.</p>
8397
8398 <p>First, install a combined Main Server and Thin Client Server as the
8399 central server in the network.  Next, PXE boot all the client machines
8400 as thin clients and wait 5 minutes after the last client booted to
8401 allow the clients to report their existence to the central server.  When
8402 this is done, log on to the central server and run
8403 <tt>sitesummary2ldapdhcp -a</tt> in the <tt>konsole</tt> to use the
8404 collected information to generate system objects in LDAP.  The output
8405 will look similar to this:</p>
8406
8407 <p><blockquote><pre>
8408 % sitesummary2ldapdhcp -a
8409 info: Updating machine tjener.intern [10.0.2.2] id ether-00:01:02:03:04:05.
8410 info: Create GOsa machine for auto-mac-00-01-02-03-04-06 [10.0.16.20] id ether-00:01:02:03:04:06.
8411
8412 Enter password if you want to activate these changes, and ^c to abort.
8413
8414 Connecting to LDAP as cn=admin,ou=ldap-access,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
8415 enter password: *******
8416 %
8417 </pre></blockquote></p>
8418
8419 <p>After providing the LDAP administrative password (the same as the
8420 root password set during installation), the LDAP database will be
8421 populated with system objects for each PXE booted machine with
8422 automatically generated names.  The final step to set up the school is
8423 then to log into <a href="https://oss.gonicus.de/labs/gosa/">GOsa</a>,
8424 the web based user, group and system administration system to change
8425 system names, add systems to the correct host groups and finally
8426 enable DHCP and DNS for the systems.  All clients that should be used
8427 as diskless workstations should be added to the workstation-hosts
8428 group.  After this is done, all computers can be booted again via PXE
8429 and get their assigned names and group based configuration
8430 automatically.</p>
8431
8432 <p>We plan to release beta3 with the updated version of this feature
8433 enabled this weekend.  You might want to give it a try.</p>
8434
8435 <p>Update 2012-01-28: When calling sitesummary2ldapdhcp to add new
8436 hosts, one need to add the option -a.  I forgot to mention this in my
8437 original text, and have added it to the text now.</p>
8438
8439       </div>
8440       <div class="tags">
8441
8442
8443         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
8444
8445
8446       </div>
8447     </div>
8448     <div class="padding"></div>
8449
8450     <div class="entry">
8451       <div class="title">
8452         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Paul_Reidar_L_snesl_kken.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken</a>
8453       </div>
8454       <div class="date">
8455         18th January 2012
8456       </div>
8457       <div class="body">
8458         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
8459 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, har jeg nå
8460 lyktes med å få tak i en skolemann som ikke er aktiv med utviklingen,
8461 men likevel har vært med nesten siden starten av prosjektet.  Jeg
8462 ønsker derfor velkommen til Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken, en mann med
8463 mange års erfaring i bruk av Skolelinux.</p>
8464
8465 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8466
8467 <p>Jeg driftet tidligere IKT løsningen for skolene i
8468 <a href="http://www.nord-odal.kommune.no/">Nord-Odal</a>.  I dag er jeg
8469 IKT-konsulent for hele kommunen og samarbeider med
8470 <a href="http://www.hedmarken-ikt.no/">Hedmark-IKT</a> for best mulig
8471 tjenester til kommunen. Jeg har bakgrunn som elektronikkreparatør og
8472 grunnskolelærer og har tatt en del fag innen IKT, i hovedsak
8473 driftsfag. IKT i Nord-Odal kommune blir i dag driftet av Hedmark IKT
8474 som er et samarbeid mellom Løten, Stange, Grue, Hamar, Kongsvinger og
8475 Nord-Odal. Jeg er fortsatt "IKT-personen" på skolene i kommunen og
8476 følger opp og gjør enkelte mindre endringer der.</p>
8477
8478 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8479
8480 <p>Kommunen satset på Skolelinux i 2004.  Jeg var ikke med i
8481 beslutningsprosessen den gang, men ble likevel med fra starten når
8482 dette ble levert.</p>
8483
8484 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8485
8486 <p>Fordelene med Skolelinux er rask oppstart, sentral drift av
8487 klientene, klienter som jobber raskt og effektivt, bedre
8488 funksjonalitet på eldre utstyr og en ganske god programpakke med fri
8489 programvare som følger med.  Løsningen med halvtykke klienter gjør at
8490 prosessering skjer lokalt med alltid ferske maskiner.</p>
8491
8492 <p>Skolelinux kan fungere godt på gammelt utstyr, men det er klart at
8493 utstyr også blir for gammelt selv for Skolelinux.  I forbindelese med
8494 at vi nylig fikk nye servere og ny installasjon kastet jeg ut ca 60
8495 klienter som fortsatt var i drift etter at de var kjøpt godt brukt i
8496 2004.  Noe var rundt 15 år gammelt, men var fortsatt i bruk. Noen
8497 klaget på at det nå gikk veldig tregt på en del pedagogiske nettsider
8498 med flash o.l. Det er fullt forståelig.</p>
8499
8500 <p>Jeg fikk nylig et spørsmål fra ungdomsskolens rektor om jeg kunne
8501 legge inn <a href="http://freemind.sourceforge.net/">FreeMind</a>, et
8502 tankekartprogram , på skolens elev-Windowsmaskiner. Lærerne hadde
8503 vært på kurs og ville ta dette i bruk. Skolen har ca halvparten av
8504 elevmaskinene på bærbare Windowsmaskiner. Da kunne jeg fortelle at
8505 dette programmet allerede lå inne på den nye Skolelinuxløsningen
8506 som nettopp var satt i drift, klart til bruk.</p>
8507
8508 <p>Vi har de bærbare maskinene på ungdomsskolen i domene med
8509 Skolelinux.  Dette fungerer også meget bra nå. Elevene får opp en
8510 midlertidig windowsprofil når de logger på.  Denne profilen slettes
8511 etter at de logger av, noe som medfører rene profiler hver gang de
8512 starter opp en maskin.  De må lagre i sin Skolelinprofil, noe som
8513 medfører at de får tak i sine filer uavhengig av om de starter en
8514 Windowsmaskin eller en Skolelinuxklient. Det er mye mindre trafikk i
8515 det trådløse nettet etter at ikke hele profiler blir lastet opp til de
8516 enkelte Windowsmaskinene og tilbake når man avslutter. Jeg vet ikke om
8517 dette er standardoppsett i Skolelinux, men slik er vårt oppsett
8518 nå.</p>
8519
8520 <p>Vi har i flere år satt opp vår løsning slik at skriverkøer slettes
8521 og skrivere startes hver natt.  Hyggelig å høre at dette nå skal bli
8522 en standard i Skolelinuxløsningen.  Dette har vært en god hjelp for
8523 oss.</p>
8524
8525 <p>Elevene er lite opptatt av om de jobber på en Skolelinux eller en
8526 Windowsmaskin bare de har de programmene de trenger og at det virker
8527 når det skal brukes. Vi kjører mest mulig de samme programmene på
8528 Windows som i Skolelinux, som f.eks Audacity og LibreOffice.</p>
8529
8530 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8531
8532 <p>Lærere bruker hos oss Windows. Dette fordi de da selv har mer
8533 kontroll over sin maskin, kan bruke den overalt, og kan legge inn
8534 programmer selv når de trenger noe i forhold til kurs o.l de er
8535 på. Jeg tror lærernes selvstendighet her gjør dem tryggere på IKT-bruk
8536 generelt. Det at de av og til får opp advarsler og lignende gjør også
8537 at de må tenke igjennom og spørre om ting rundt datasikkerhet.</p>
8538
8539 <p>Det er en del programmer vi bruker som ikke finnes for Linux.  Mest
8540 brukt er nok Photostory3 som brukes i mange sammenhenger, særlig på
8541 ungdomsskolen, bl.a. til å lage herbarier (plantesamling) .  Dette
8542 finnes gratis for Windows, men er ikke fri programvare.  Vi er opptatt
8543 av at programmer elevene bruker på skolen også kan brukes gratis
8544 hjemme. Det er også en del programmer som brukes til spesielle elever
8545 som bare går i Windows. Det er viktig med fokus på funksjoner og ikke
8546 på hvilket OS man bruker.</p>
8547
8548 <p>For oss er det kombinasjonen mellom Skolelinux og Windows som gir
8549 oss en god og hel løsning. Skolelinux er best der de er gode.</p>
8550
8551 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8552
8553 <p>Selv er det LibreOffice jeg bruker til daglig.  Jeg bruker selv en
8554 Windowsmaskin. Jeg har benyttet en del fri programvare i forbindelse
8555 med sjekking av trafikk i nettverk, slik som Wireshark, men dette er
8556 jo ikke aktuelt for skolene. Jeg er generelt glad i programmer som
8557 fungerer på både Linux og Windows og gjerne MAC.</p>
8558
8559 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8560 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8561
8562 <p>Det er viktig at det benyttes programmer som elevene også kan ta i
8563 bruk hjemme.  Det skal da være enkelt, lovlig og gratis for
8564 elevene. Da er jeg ikke lenger veldig opptatt av om det kalles "fri
8565 programvare".  For skolene tror jeg "gratis" og "funksjonelt" er bedre
8566 begreper enn "fri" i forhold til programmer.  De fleste skiller nok
8567 ikke mellom "fri" og "gratis". Det er nå svært mange elever som
8568 benytter OpenOffice eller LibreOffice som sin primære kontorpakke
8569 hjemme.</p>
8570
8571       </div>
8572       <div class="tags">
8573
8574
8575         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8576
8577
8578       </div>
8579     </div>
8580     <div class="padding"></div>
8581
8582     <div class="entry">
8583       <div class="title">
8584         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Changing_the_default_Iceweasel_start_page_in_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Changing the default Iceweasel start page in Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
8585       </div>
8586       <div class="date">
8587         10th January 2012
8588       </div>
8589       <div class="body">
8590         <p>In the Squeeze version of
8591 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> soon
8592 to be released, users of the system will get their default browser
8593 start page set from LDAP, allowing the system administrator to point
8594 all users to the school web page by updating one setting in LDAP.  In
8595 addition to setting the default start page when a machine boots, users
8596 are shown the same page as a welcome page when they log in for the
8597 first time.</p>
8598
8599 <p>The LDAP object dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no have an attribute
8600 labeledURI with "http://www/ LDAP for Debian Edu/Skolelinux" as the
8601 default content.  By changing this value to another URL, all users get
8602 to see the page behind this new URL.</p>
8603
8604 <p>An easy way to update it is by using the ldapvi tool.  It can be
8605 called as "<tt>ldapvi -ZD '(cn=admin)'</tt>' to update LDAP with the
8606 new setting.</p>
8607
8608 <p>We have written the code to adjust the default start page and show
8609 the welcome page, and I wonder if there is an easier way to do this
8610 from within Iceweasel instead.</p>
8611
8612       </div>
8613       <div class="tags">
8614
8615
8616         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
8617
8618
8619       </div>
8620     </div>
8621     <div class="padding"></div>
8622
8623     <div class="entry">
8624       <div class="title">
8625         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_beta_version_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Second beta version of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
8626       </div>
8627       <div class="date">
8628          7th January 2012
8629       </div>
8630       <div class="body">
8631         <p>I am happy to announce that today we managed to wrap up and publish
8632 the second beta version of
8633 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>.  If
8634 you want to test a LDAP backed Kerberos server with out of the box PXE
8635 configuration for running diskless machines and installing new
8636 machines, check it out.  If you need a software solution for your
8637 school, check it out too.  The full announcement is
8638 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/01/msg00000.html">available</a>
8639 on the project announcement list.</p>
8640
8641       </div>
8642       <div class="tags">
8643
8644
8645         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8646
8647
8648       </div>
8649     </div>
8650     <div class="padding"></div>
8651
8652     <div class="entry">
8653       <div class="title">
8654         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fixing_an_hanging_debian_installer_for_Debian_Edu.html">Fixing an hanging debian installer for Debian Edu</a>
8655       </div>
8656       <div class="date">
8657          3rd January 2012
8658       </div>
8659       <div class="body">
8660         <p>During christmas, I have been working getting the next version of
8661 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> ready
8662 for release.  The initial problem I looked at was particularly
8663 interesting.</p>
8664
8665 <P>The installer would hang at the end when it was doing it
8666 post-installation configuration, and whatevery I did to try to find
8667 the cause and fix it always worked while I tested it, but never when I
8668 integrated it into the installer and ran the installation from
8669 scratch.  I would try to restart processes, close file descriptors,
8670 remove or create files, and the installer would always unblock and
8671 wrap up its tasks.</p>
8672
8673 <p>Eventually the cause was found.  The kernel was simply running out
8674 of entropy, causing the Kerberos setup to hang waiting for more.
8675 Pressing keys was adding entropy to the kernel, and thus all my tries
8676 to fix the problem worked not because what I was typing to fix it, but
8677 because I was typing.</P>
8678
8679 <p>The fix I implemented was to add a background process looking at
8680 the level of entropy in the kernel (by checking
8681 /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail), and if it was too small, the
8682 installer will flush the kernel file buffers and do 'find /' to
8683 generate some disk IO.  Disk IO generate entropy in the kernel, and is
8684 one of the few things that can be initated from within the system to
8685 generate entropy.</p>
8686
8687 <p>The fix is in
8688 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/Installation">beta1
8689 of the Debian Edu/Squeeze</a> version, and we
8690 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu">welcome more testers and
8691 developers</a>.  We plan to release beta2 this weekend.</p>
8692
8693       </div>
8694       <div class="tags">
8695
8696
8697         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8698
8699
8700       </div>
8701     </div>
8702     <div class="padding"></div>
8703
8704     <div class="entry">
8705       <div class="title">
8706         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Peter_Hansteen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Peter Hansteen</a>
8707       </div>
8708       <div class="date">
8709         11th December 2011
8710       </div>
8711       <div class="body">
8712         <p>Etter en lang pause er det klart for neste mann ut i min serie med
8713 intervjuer av
8714 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-relaterte personer.
8715
8716 Denne gangen har jeg besøk av et avtroppende styremedlem i
8717 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, og en mann
8718 som har vært aktiv i Linux-miljøet i Bergen siden 90-tallet.</p>
8719
8720 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8721
8722 <p>Jeg heter Peter Hansteen, og jobber til daglig som seniorkonsulent
8723 i EDB ErgoGroup i Bergen.  I praksis betyr det systemadministrasjon på
8724 Unix (primært Solaris, men en viss komponent av Linux).  Men Solaris
8725 er for meg et relativt nytt bekjentskap, hovedplattformen min har
8726 generelt vært OpenBSD og til dels FreeBSD.</p>
8727
8728 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8729
8730 <p>Jeg husker ikke helt alle detaljene mer ;) - men jeg tror det var
8731 gjennom news-gruppen no.it.os.unix.linux.diverse, efn-listen og
8732 etterhvert også BLUG-miljøet her i Bergen.  Vi hadde et par
8733 Skolelinux-sentrerte BLUG-møter for noen år siden, og det har vært et
8734 par Skolelinux-utviklersamlinger her.</p>
8735
8736 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8737
8738 <p>Jeg bruker dessverre ikke Skolelinux daglig. Men slik jeg kjenner
8739 prosjektet har det vært i stand til å ta opp i seg det beste av fri
8740 programvare i mange kategorier, så fra et sysadmin-perspektiv ser det
8741 ut som en svært behagelig sak.  For brukerne er det vel både en fordel
8742 og en ulempe at det ikke er Windows. Men vi håper at fordelene med et
8743 fritt system etterhvert vil bli åpenbare for både elever, lærekrefter
8744 og foreldre.</p>
8745
8746 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8747
8748 <p>Vel, ulempen er vel først og fremst at andre aktører med mer
8749 kapitalmuskel har klart å etablere seg som det både lærere og foreldre
8750 føler seg trygge på, selv om det etter mitt hode ikke er noen grunn
8751 til å være spesielt trygg på de kommersielle alternativene.</p>
8752
8753 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8754
8755 <p>Når jeg får bestemme helt selv, bruker jeg kun fri programvare. Da
8756 helst med vekt på ting som kjører greit på OpenBSD.  Hjemme er det
8757 OpenBSD, Ubuntu eller FreeBSD vi bruker.  På skrivebordet er det en
8758 avveining mellom Gnome, KDE eller hva-det-nå-heter som er
8759 standardvalget i Ubuntu, ellers er det de kjente tingene som
8760 LibreOffice, Emacs, mplayer.  På server er det selvfølgelig Apache,
8761 for overvåking både OpenNMS og Nagios (det bare ble sånn, og
8762 forskjellige siter).  Jeg skriver til tider om slikt jeg holder på med
8763 på
8764 <a href="http://bsdly.blogspot.com">http://bsdly.blogspot.com</a>.</p>
8765
8766 <p>Men vi må nevne at selv vi har en Microsoft-ting som vi slår på når
8767 vi av en eller annen grunn må. Det betyr igjen vanligvis når en
8768 mobiltelefon eller en annen lukket elektronisk dings krever kontakt
8769 via en slik for å få oppdateringene sine.</p>
8770
8771 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8772 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8773
8774 <p>Hadde vi hatt det rette svaret på det spørsmålet, så hadde vi
8775 gjerne hatt Skolelinux som førstevalg på alle skoler ;)</p>
8776
8777 <p>Men jeg tror vi må legge vekt på flere forskjellige ting.  En helt
8778 sentral sak er å fokusere på fri programvare og åpne standarder som de
8779 demokratiske verdiene de faktisk er.  Det har kanskje kommet litt for
8780 mye i bakgrunnen i forhold til strevet etter å lage det mest mulig
8781 'brukervennlige' systemet.  Det er en tung vei å gå, så det er
8782 forståelig at freenix-aktivister heller velger å skrive kode og annet
8783 som er mer lystbetont. Mer praktisk tror jeg vi må gjøre i alle fall
8784 to ting: For det første sørge for å fortsette med å levere det best
8785 mulige frie produktet, slik at det er lett å både komme i gang og
8786 holde systemene i daglig drift, og for det andre 2) spore opp mulige
8787 aktivister der de finnes, via lokale brukergrupper, sosiale medier
8788 eller annet og sørge for at de fortsetter å være aktive.  Mer og
8789 mindre uformelle treff kan være nyttig i tillegg til de mer
8790 organiserte møtene med foredrag, konferanser og utviklersamlinger.</p>
8791
8792       </div>
8793       <div class="tags">
8794
8795
8796         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8797
8798
8799       </div>
8800     </div>
8801     <div class="padding"></div>
8802
8803     <div class="entry">
8804       <div class="title">
8805         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Frode_Jemtland.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Frode Jemtland</a>
8806       </div>
8807       <div class="date">
8808         27th July 2011
8809       </div>
8810       <div class="body">
8811         <p>Neste mann ut i min serie med intervjuer av Skolelinux-relaterte
8812 personer er en tidligere styreleder i
8813 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a> som var med
8814 fra starten av
8815 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-prosjektet.</p>
8816
8817 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8818
8819 <p>Mitt navn er Frode Jemtland, og jeg jobber i Hedmark IKT, som er et
8820 driftsselskap for Grue, Hamar, Kongsvinger, Løten, Nord-Odal og Stange
8821 kommuner. Her er jeg leder for avdelingen Løsninger og Arkitektur. Vi
8822 har i hovedansvar for servere, infrastruktur og løsninger som
8823 helhet.</p>
8824
8825 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8826
8827 <p>Jobbet i IBM fra 2000, og da spesielt med Linux. Dette var da et av
8828 de mest tydelige linux prosjektene i Norge, og her ønsket jeg å
8829 bidra. Var aktivt med i prosjektet i 4-5 år.</p>
8830
8831 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8832
8833 <p>Fordelene slik jeg ser det er den sentraliserte driftmodellen, og
8834 alle de vel gjennomtenkte løsningene som er inkludert i denne
8835 løsningen. Samtidig er det basert på en stabil, og godt kjent
8836 plattform. Dette vil si at man har en løsning som skal være mye
8837 tilgjengelig, og hvor det er relativt enkelt å få tak i personer som
8838 kan mye om den grunnleggende plattformen.</p>
8839
8840 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8841
8842 <p>De største utfordringene med en løsningen er at den er intensiv på f.eks
8843 nettverk. I seg selv ikke et problem for en enkelt skole, men skal løsningen
8844 kjøres i større skala, med sentraliserte servere, så gir dette noen
8845 utfordringer.</p>
8846
8847 <p>Utifra hva jeg har sett på større installasjoner så er det ikke så
8848 enkelt å skjønne, hva som bør gjøres for at den skal skaleres opp, og
8849 da ta godt vare på alle sider av dette, ikke bare mer server å fordele
8850 last/trykk, men hvordan også beholde robustheten og fleksibiliteten i
8851 løsningen.</p>
8852
8853 <p>En annen utfordring er at stadig flere produkter som skal brukes i
8854 skoleløsningen ikke er laget til å kunne brukes i en
8855 skolelinuxløsning. Det blir derfor fort mye skreddersøm i de
8856 forskjellige installasjonene, for å få diverse pedagogiske programmer,
8857 webløsninger, smartboards, m.m. til å fungere.  Man er også en for
8858 liten kundebase til at leverandørene ønsker å gjøre noe med
8859 utfordringen. Problemet overlates til oss.</p>
8860
8861 <p>Det er også en kontinuerlig utfordring rundt problemet med å holde
8862 programvare på stabile versjoner, kontra å få ny funksjonalitet. Dette
8863 er jo en konflikt mellom oss som ønsker å drifte en stabil, og
8864 kostnadseffektiv løsning, mot sluttbrukerne som ønsker seg funksjoner
8865 det er vant med fra andre løsninger, eller som de må ha for at et
8866 eller annet nytt produkt skal fungere i løsningen. Dette er en
8867 utfordring også for andre plattformer.</p>
8868
8869 <p>En siste utfordring som ikke har noe med løsningen å gjøre, men med
8870 det omkringliggende miljøet denne skal kjøre i, er at de enhetene som
8871 skal drifte dataløsninger for kommuner og fylkeskommuner begynner å
8872 profesjonaliseres, og er da avhengig av å ha standard løsninger for å
8873 drifte store brukermasser. MS er selvsagt klar over dette, og har jo
8874 nå flere områder de begynner å bli veldig dominerende på. Den største,
8875 og mest problematiske er katalogtjenesten.  Man får snart ikke tak i
8876 større løsninger som ikke krever en AD. Når man da har store enheter
8877 som drifter både kommunalt ansatte og skoler, så vil det være et
8878 stordriftargument å standardisere på en katalog tjeneste, og da har
8879 man ikke noe valg. Her er alle slike driftsenheter for små til å få
8880 gjort om på dette. Her burde konkurransemyndighetene kommet på
8881 banen. Men konkurransetilsynet i USA griper sjeldent (og ikke før det
8882 har gått veldig lang tid) inn i monopolsituasjoner så lenge
8883 monopolisten er et amerikansk firma, så da har vel ikke andre
8884 myndigheter så mye de skulle ha sagt....</p>
8885
8886 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8887
8888 <p>Privat kjører jeg Debian på alle mine datamaskiner. Det gjør jeg
8889 også på min jobbmaskin. Vi har også 15-20 linux servere av typene
8890 SuSE, Debian, Redhat, CentOS m.m. Jeg bruker derfor mye fri
8891 programvare. Av enkelt programmer kan sikkert masse nevnes. Hvis vi
8892 skal begrense oss til daglig, så må jeg si: OpenOffice, Firefox,
8893 Kontact, Kopete, Amarok,
8894 <a href="http://gramps-project.org/">Gramps</a>, Kate, ssh, bash,
8895 rsync, backuppc m.m.</p>
8896
8897 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8898 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8899
8900 <p>Det er et godt spørsmål, som jeg har lurt på selv.</p>
8901
8902 <p>Argumentene som ofte har vært brukt om at ting koster mindre holder
8903 ikke mål når man ser på hva som faktisk koster penger. Det er de
8904 ansatte som er en kostnadsdriver. Det vil si at hvis man har et system
8905 som den ansatte kan, så vil en kostnad på dette systemet kunne
8906 forsvares ganske mye ved at den ansatte gjør dette raskere og
8907 effektivt. Også uten å måtte eventuelt leie inn folk.</p>
8908
8909 <p>Jeg syns det er viktigere å fokusere på prinsippet med å velge fri
8910 programvare, men det er også et felt hvor man fort møter lite
8911 forståelse blant de ansatte i skolen.</p>
8912
8913 <p>Her må nok strategien fortsette å være at de sentrale myndighetene
8914 må sende tydelige signaler for hva de ønsker at offentlige enheter
8915 skal gjøre. Det var mye positivt på gang ang. dette for et par år
8916 siden. Både med eNorge og eKommune planene, men dette syns jeg har
8917 stoppet opp. En del av dette kan jo kanskje være usikkerheten som
8918 etter hvert har blitt, når man har sett kompleksiteten i de
8919 prosjektene som har blitt igangsatt. Det har også blitt noe usikkerhet
8920 i markedet ref. Sun, Oracle, Novell, Microsoft m.m.  Samtidig har jo
8921 også de proprietære programleverandørene sørget for å endre sine
8922 lisenser slik at man uansett ikke slipper unna kostnaden til deres
8923 produkter, selv om man skulle velge alternativer. Da er det økonomiske
8924 argumentet, som jeg nevnte tidligere, spilt ganske godt ut over
8925 sidelinjen.</p>
8926
8927       </div>
8928       <div class="tags">
8929
8930
8931         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8932
8933
8934       </div>
8935     </div>
8936     <div class="padding"></div>
8937
8938     <div class="entry">
8939       <div class="title">
8940         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Marius_Kotsbak.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Marius Kotsbak</a>
8941       </div>
8942       <div class="date">
8943         10th April 2011
8944       </div>
8945       <div class="body">
8946         <p>Neste mann ut er Marius Kotsbak, styremedlem i
8947 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a> og mangeårig
8948 bidragsyter i
8949 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-prosjektet.</p>
8950
8951 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8952
8953 <p>Jeg er en systemutvikler/kybernetiker og jobber med dette til
8954 daglig. På fritiden tester jeg ut/bruker mye fri programvare, og
8955 bidrar med testing og utvikling når jeg ser stort nok behov for det og
8956 jeg har noe å bidra med.</p>
8957
8958 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8959
8960 <p>Hmm, det er lenge siden, så det er nesten så jeg ikke husker. Jeg
8961 hadde vel hørt om prosjektet i media før en gjeng i Trondheim startet
8962 opp SPIST, Skolelinux-prosjektet i Sør-Trøndelag, hvor vi hjalp noen
8963 skoler i nærområdet med å installere Skolelinux og finne brukt
8964 IT-utstyr til disse. Det var moro å gjøre noe praktisk for å spre
8965 Skolelinux, og å se hvor fort gjort det var å sette opp utrangerte
8966 klientmaskiner og få disse opp som tynnklienter på helt nye datasaler
8967 på skolene, kun med kostnaden til servere.</p>
8968
8969 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8970
8971 <p>Det er et system spesielt skreddersydd for drift av et stort antall
8972 klienter mot servere, og da spesielt i henhold til skolers behov.  Det
8973 er enkelt og billig å installere og drifte, og det trenger ikke ny
8974 maskinvare for god ytelse.</p>
8975
8976 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8977
8978 <p>Hardwarestøtten kunne vært bedre og i enda større grad
8979 installerbart rett ut av boksen.  Distribusjonen har til tider hatt
8980 litt gammel programvare pga. at den følger Debian sine utgivelser.
8981 Kanskje man skulle vurdert en versjon basert på Ubuntu eller andre
8982 distribusjoner i tillegg?</p>
8983
8984 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8985
8986 <p>Oi, det er ikke lite. Her er det jeg kommer på i farta.  Jeg bruker
8987 Linux og Ubuntu, og på Ubuntu programene Firefox, Thunderbird,
8988 Chromium, Pidgin, Digikam, OpenOffice, Wireshark, git og irssi.
8989 Telefonen min er en Android, og der bruker jeg programmene K-9 Mail,
8990 OI Shopping list, Shuffle, ZXing, OI Notepad og ADW Desktop.  På jobb
8991 bruker jeg JBoss, Eclipse, uCLinux for Blackfin, RCF-CPP, Qt, Maven,
8992 og boost-bibliotekene for C++.</p>
8993
8994 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8995 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8996
8997 <p>En bør fokusere på totalkostnader inkludert driftsbehov,
8998 fleksibilitet, åpenhet og ikke låsing til en leverandør framfor sparte
8999 lisenskostnader, samt programvarens kvalitet og fortrinn, og at den
9000 fritt kan brukes på et ubegrenset antall PC-er, også hjemme hos
9001 elevene.  En bør også forbedre den fri programvaren ved testing,
9002 bugrapportering og kodebidrag om man kan, og ikke anbefale programvare
9003 uten at man har forsikret seg at den har tilstrekkelig kvalitet,
9004 ellers kan man lett oppnå det motsatte.  Tror en bør selge inn
9005 konseptet til fylkes-/statsnivå, kanskje med bidrag til
9006 utviklingsarbeid fra disse som alle landets skoler kan få glede
9007 av.</p>
9008
9009       </div>
9010       <div class="tags">
9011
9012
9013         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9014
9015
9016       </div>
9017     </div>
9018     <div class="padding"></div>
9019
9020     <div class="entry">
9021       <div class="title">
9022         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Odin_Hetland_N_sen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Odin Hetland Nøsen</a>
9023       </div>
9024       <div class="date">
9025         28th March 2011
9026       </div>
9027       <div class="body">
9028         <p>Mine bloggposter om Linux i skolene i Norge førte til at inspektør
9029 og ildsjel på Harestad skole tok kontakt og fortalte at de bruker
9030 Linux på sin skole, og lurte på om de kunne bidra til å gjøre
9031 fordelene kjent.  Riktig nok bruker de ikke
9032 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> på denne skolen,
9033 men jeg synes dette er en god anledning til å gjøre flere fasetter
9034 rundt Linux-økosystemet kjent, og tok et lite intervju.</p>
9035
9036 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9037
9038 <p>Mitt navn er Odin Hetland Nøsen og er en 70-modell. Jeg er bosatt i
9039 Stavanger og jobber nå på 9. året som undervisninginspektør på
9040 Harestad skole i Randaberg kommune (nabokommune til Stavanger).</p>
9041
9042 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9043
9044 <p>I 2002 begynte daværende IKT-ansvarlige og jeg et arbeid på skolen
9045 med å gå over fra Win98 til... noe annet. Vi testet en rekke
9046 forskjellige løsninger, deriblant Skolelinux, men endte opp med
9047 RedHat. Skolelinux var den gang ikke modent for det vi ville ha.  Jeg
9048 har siden fulgt jevnlig med på hva skolelinux holder på med, men har
9049 hele tiden vært bedre fornøyd med vår egen "standardiserte" løsning på
9050 RedHat/CentOS og Fedora. Vi snuser for tiden på Ubuntu som løsning på
9051 klientsiden.</p>
9052
9053 <p>I dag har vi på skolen vår en større linux-løsning med 400 klienter
9054 som kjører en blanding av LTSP (tynnklient) og DRBL (tykk klient uten
9055 harddisk) med en masse tjenere på serverrommet. Vi drifter hele
9056 sulamitten selv med webtjener, eposttjener, webmail, filtjenere,
9057 virtuelle tjenere osv.  Og IT-ansvarlig har en 80% stilling som
9058 IT-ansvarlig - og så er han KoH-lærer i de resterende 20% :-)</p>
9059
9060 <p>Du kan få en ide om hva vi holder på med om du går inn på
9061 <a href="http://www.gnuskole.no/">http://www.gnuskole.no/</a>.</p>
9062
9063 <p>For å ta brodden av frykten for at ildsjeler gjør skolen sårbar om
9064 ildsjelene falle fra, har jeg forsikret kommunen og skolesjefen i
9065 Randaberg om at det finnes godt kommersielle tjenester vi kan benytte
9066 oss av - om det skulle bli nødvendig. Vi er tre stykker i kommunen som
9067 nå har <strong>god</strong> linux-kompetanse ift. å drifte et større
9068 system.  IT-avdelingen i kommunen vil ikke ta på oss med ildtang -
9069 selv om vi nok har større IT-kompetanse mot linux enn det de selv har
9070 mot windows (de kjøper en <strong>masse</strong> konsulenttjenester
9071 fra ErgoGroup).</p>
9072
9073 <p>I kvantitet er Harestad og Grødem skole tilsammen et større
9074 IT-system enn resten av Randaberg kommune + Kvitsøy og Rennesøy, som
9075 kommunen også har driftsansvar for.  Vi har som sagt rundt 800
9076 maskiner, mens kommunen med sitt driftsansvar har ansvar for rundt 500
9077 maskiner. Det er selvfølgelig litt forskjell i hvor kritiske
9078 tjenestene våre er, men det gir allikevel et litt rart bilde når
9079 IT-avdelingen overhode ikke er interessert i å snakke med oss om
9080 hvordan vi gjør ting :-)</p>
9081
9082 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9083
9084 <p>Fra linux-perspektivet (ikke bare Skolelinux) er det en fordel av
9085 systemet er basert på fri programvare - og dermed fritt i ordets mange
9086 betydninger. Det er alt vi trenger: stabilt, relativt enkelt å drifte
9087 (tross alt - et større windowssystem er ikke enkelt å holde live det
9088 heller), rimelig i innkjøp og drift, og sist, men ikke minst, det er
9089 moderne for sluttbruker! Linux, i sine mange varianter,
9090 <strong>ser</strong> nytt ut, fordi det hele tiden blir
9091 oppdatert. Derfor lever systemet opp til hvordan elever forventer at
9092 et moderne GUI skal være (i motsetning til WinXP :-).</p>
9093
9094 <p>Vi var veldig pragmatiske da vi begynte med linux i skolen. Det var
9095 billig, det fungerte og kunne bruke alle de gamle windows-maskinene
9096 som "nye" tynne klienter.  I dag er vi mer bevisste fri
9097 programvare-tilhengere.  Vi har oppdaget hva det er - og vi liker
9098 det!</p>
9099
9100 <p>En av de <strong>store</strong> fordelene med fri programvare er at
9101 vi kan installere tjenester vi ønsker å tilby brukerne våre - uten å
9102 måtte tenke på om vi har råd til lisensene (fordi det er ingen). Alt
9103 vi setter i produksjon er ut i fra brukernes behov og vår kapasitet
9104 til å drifte dem. Vi skreddersyr tjenestene etter behovet og dermed
9105 trenger vi ikke ende opp med å kjøpe en pakke der vi egentlig bare var
9106 interessert i en liten del av den.</p>
9107
9108 <p>Bruk av linux frigjør ikke økonomiske midler, fordi midlene til IKT
9109 i skole er for få i utgangspunktet - men vi får så
9110 <strong>mye</strong> mer igjen for dem når vi bruker en linux-løsning
9111 fremfor en windows-løsning. I praksis ser vi at vi måtte ut med det
9112 dobbelte på budsjettet vårt om vi skulle hatt en tilsvarende
9113 windows-løsning, som det vi i dag drifter med linux.</p>
9114
9115 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9116
9117 <p>Ikke all pedagogisk programvare er tilgjengelig. Det er en del
9118 programvare i skolen som er laget med utviklerverktøy som bare virker
9119 i windows, f.eks. Drillpro, LingDys/LingWrite. Det er også
9120 "programmer" som bare virker om du har tilgang til Microsoft Office,
9121 f.eks. AskiRaski.</p>
9122
9123 <p>Vi sliter også litt med at video-codecer ikke alltid er like lett å
9124 få opp å gå på klientene. Det er alltid en eller annen videosnutt fra
9125 nrk.no som ikke er så samarbeidsvillig, uansett mediaplayer.</p>
9126
9127 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9128
9129 <p>Alt :-) På skolen bruker vi det som finnes og som er nyttig. Det vi
9130 bruker mest er Firefox (jobber med Chrome, fordi det er
9131 <strong>mye</strong> raskere med Flash enn Firefox), OpenOffice (skal
9132 over til LibreOffice), GIMP osv. Standardpakken av
9133 sluttbrukerprogrammer.</p>
9134
9135 <p>På tjenernivå bruker vi OpenWebMail (skal over til Zimbra), Exim
9136 osv.</p>
9137
9138 <p>Personlig bruker jeg de fleste programmer over flere plattformer,
9139 men jeg har lagt meg til en vane å prioritere bruken av fri
9140 programvare også i Windows 7 og OSX.</p>
9141
9142 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9143 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9144
9145 <p>Jeg er langt i fra sikker. For det første handler det mye om at
9146 IKT-avdelingen i kommunen ofte er de som styrer hva som er IKT på
9147 skolene - og de liker å bruke avtalene med Microsoft, som de garantert
9148 har fra før.  Dessuten - Select 6-avtalen til skolene gjør Microsoft
9149 skvettbillig.</p>
9150
9151 <p>Vi la vekt på effektiv drift av systemet - og at vi kunne øke
9152 antall maskiner uten å måtte øke budsjett for utstyr eller personell
9153 særlig mye, enn om vi hadde gått for en Microsoft-løsning. I praksis
9154 ser vi at en ren linux-installasjon driftes til halve prisen av en
9155 Microsoft-løsning.</p>
9156
9157 <p>Vi har i praksis også sett at det lærerne (og elevene) liker er at
9158 vi tilbyr <strong>veldig</strong> mange tjenester som ikke er så
9159 vanlige i en Microsoft-løsning. Det er ikke så vanlig at
9160 <strong>elevene</strong> også har epost, hjemmekontor osv. Det har vi
9161 også brukt som et vellykket argument mot Microsoft.</p>
9162
9163 <p>Den beste måten er selvfølgelig at noen bare bestemmer
9164 det. Problemet er å få dem som har makt til å bestemme det til faktisk
9165 å gjøre det ;-)</p>
9166
9167       </div>
9168       <div class="tags">
9169
9170
9171         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9172
9173
9174       </div>
9175     </div>
9176     <div class="padding"></div>
9177
9178     <div class="entry">
9179       <div class="title">
9180         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Astri_Sletteng.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Astri Sletteng</a>
9181       </div>
9182       <div class="date">
9183         27th February 2011
9184       </div>
9185       <div class="body">
9186         <p>En dame som har bidratt lenge til fri programvare i skoleverket og
9187 i foreningen som organiserer skolelinux-utviklersamlinger,
9188 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, er neste
9189 intervjuoffer.  Det er en glede å her presentere en lærer fra Håkvik.</p>
9190
9191 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9192
9193 <p>Jeg heter Astri Sletteng. Jeg er lærer og IKT veileder ved Håkvik
9194 skole i Narvik kommune.  Min bakgrunn når det gjelder IKT: Av formell
9195 utdannelse har jeg lærerutdanning, Master i skoleledelse og IKT for
9196 lærere. Har jobba som IKT veileder siden 2002.</p>
9197
9198 <p>Det viktigste for meg som IKT veileder er å få fundamentert den
9199 5. basisferdigheten, digital kompetanse ved skolen min på en god måte
9200 slik at hele skolesamfunnet tar i bruk IKT i alle fag. Dette arbeidet
9201 gjøres i nært samarbeid med skolens ledelse.</p>
9202
9203 <p>Min viktigste jobb som IKT veileder er å være motivator og pådriver
9204 i IKT arbeidet ved skolen.</p>
9205
9206 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9207
9208 <p>Jobber i en kommune hvor vi satser på Fri programvare. I 2004 ble
9209 det gjort et politisk vedtak om at vi skulle innføre Skolelinux ved
9210 alle skolene i kommunen. Jeg har dermed en god del erfaring med
9211 Skolelinux, samt annen fri programvare som Open Office, Joomla, Moodle
9212 etc.</p>
9213
9214 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9215
9216 <p>Siden vi jobber med åpen kildekode kan vi få programmene og
9217 produktene tilpasset vår bruk. Det er jo heller ikke en ulempe at
9218 skolen kommer bedre ut økonomisk, men først og fremst er det viktig
9219 for oss at vi har digitale systemer som gjør at vi kan følge
9220 læreplanen i alle fag. Det syns jeg at vi kan gjøre gjennom
9221 Skolelinux.</p>
9222
9223 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9224
9225 <p>Skolen er avhengige av å ha folk på IT avdelinga i kommunen som kan
9226 drive support, og være tilgjengelige når vi trenger hjelp. Det er en
9227 ulempe at ikke alle på denne avdelingen nødvendigvis er god på
9228 Linux.</p>
9229
9230 <p>Vi har også noen utfordringer når det kommer til spesielle
9231 programmer som enkelte elever er avhengige av ? og som ikke er
9232 plattform uavhengige. Her har vi i Friprog-verden, men også
9233 departement en jobb å gjøre.</p>
9234
9235 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9236
9237 <p>Skolen vår bruker Skolelinux, Open Office, Iceweazel (Mozilla),
9238 VLC, Tux paint, Scribus, FreeMind, GIMP, digiKam, Ksnapshot, GeoGebra,
9239 Moodle (innført på alle klassetrinn + som et administrativt verktøy)
9240 og Joomla som hjemmeside.<p>
9241
9242 <p>Det er de jeg kommer på i farten. I tillegg har vi Smartboard
9243 installert på server, men det regnes vel ikke som fri programvare?</p>
9244
9245 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9246 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9247
9248 <p>Først og fremst trenger skolen oppetider på sine datasystemer. Syns
9249 også at det at vi kan få tilpasset plattform og systemer til vår bruk
9250 er en god strategi å bruke.</p>
9251
9252       </div>
9253       <div class="tags">
9254
9255
9256         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9257
9258
9259       </div>
9260     </div>
9261     <div class="padding"></div>
9262
9263     <div class="entry">
9264       <div class="title">
9265         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Rub_n_Romero_y_Cordero.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Rubén Romero y Cordero</a>
9266       </div>
9267       <div class="date">
9268         16th February 2011
9269       </div>
9270       <div class="body">
9271         <p>Styret i foreningen som organiserer skolelinux-utviklersamlinger,
9272 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, er fullt av
9273 flinke folk.  Denne gangen har jeg fått et ferskt styremedlem som
9274 kommer fra Ubuntu-miljøet i tale.</p>
9275
9276 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9277
9278 <p>Rubén Romero y Cordero, 81-modell, deltidspappa (50%) for en jente
9279 på 6 år. Jobber i Oslo som Global Sales Executive hos Varnish Software
9280 og til daglig har jeg kontakt med kunder fra hele verden. Min
9281 forkjærlighet for fri programvare har gjort at jeg har nå flere års
9282 erfaring med salg av slike løsninger (bl.a. fra Redpill Linpro og
9283 Freecode) og mye innsikt og kunnskap om det globale IT-markedet.
9284 Ellers er jeg involvert i flere prosjekter bl.a. er jeg Ubuntu
9285 Community medlem, kontaktpersonen for Ubuntu Norge og driveren av
9286 SpreadUbuntu marketing prosjektet og nå fersk styremedlem i FRISK. Jeg
9287 har brukt GNU/Linux siden 1997.</p>
9288
9289 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9290
9291 <p>Som Debian bruker siden slutten av 90-tallet var det uunngåelig å
9292 ikke komme bort i Skolelinux. Dette var vel i slutten av 2001 når jeg
9293 var student ved UiO. Flere år senere fikk jeg lastet og testet Venus
9294 (Skolelinux 1.0) på release dagen.</p>
9295
9296 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9297
9298 <p>Fri programvare bygges sten for sten i det åpne, slik at koden og
9299 prosessen den lages på kan gjennomskues av andre enn de som har laget
9300 det. Det er et vitenskapelig og gjennomsiktig måte å lage programvare
9301 på.</p>
9302
9303 <p>Skoler i vårt samfunn skal være steder hvor vitenskapelig kunnskap
9304 deles til alle.  I dag har vi ikke et vitenskapelig tilnærming til
9305 hvordan programvaren som brukes på skolen lages. Skolelinux bringer
9306 inn at slik tilnærming i skoleverkets klasserom, siden
9307 operativsystemet er en åpent platform som gir skolene muligheten til å
9308 dra nytte av programvare som er laget av tusenvis av mennesker verden
9309 rundt og som gir elevene så vel som lærerne muligheten til å bruke,
9310 dele, forandre og forbedre OSet sitt uten begrensninger. I den
9311 forbindelsen representerer Skolelinux også konkrete resultater utfra
9312 samhandling på tvers av grenser.</p>
9313
9314 <p>Når det gjelder de tekniske fordelene av Skolelinux er jeg sikker
9315 på at andre enn meg har allerede beskrevet disse bedre enn det jeg
9316 kan.  Men jeg kan likevel tilføye noe: Skolelinux som sådan er en
9317 community-drevet operativsystemplatform. Som i ethvert
9318 community-prosjekt har alle Skolelinux brukere muligheten til å
9319 påvirke retning av prosjektet og resultatet som gjenspeiles i
9320 programvaren. Dette kommer sjeldent frem og jeg mener at det er noe
9321 som burde fokuseres mer på.</p>
9322
9323 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9324
9325 <p>De største ulempene er:</p>
9326
9327 <ul>
9328 <li>Mangel på kompetanse</li>
9329 <li>Mangel av administrative verktøy som kunne hjelpe lokale IT
9330   avdelinger å bruke Skolelinux til mer enn bare en tjener for
9331   terminalklienter. Et eksempel: Zentyal sin web-dashboard.</li>
9332 </ul>
9333
9334 <p>Bedre og mer intuitive administrative verktøy kunne løst deler av
9335 problemet, men det er unektelig at ved bruk av Skolelinux må
9336 IT-personalet vite hva de gjør for å få ting gjort riktig, eller i det
9337 hele tatt. Med andre platformer er kompetansen enklere tilgjengelig og
9338 løsningene kan fungere på en tilfredstillende, om ikke riktig
9339 måte.</p>
9340
9341 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9342
9343 <p>Har brukt GNU/Linux utelukkende sommitt skrivebord OS siden 2000. I
9344 dag bruker jeg Ubuntu og gjør det meste med friprogramvare verktøyene
9345 som er tilgjengelige der. Med over 20.000 programmer å velge mellom er
9346 dette mer enn nok for de fleste brukerne.</p>
9347
9348 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9349 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9350
9351 <p>Opplysning og pragmatikk.  Vi prøver å løse problemer med bruk av
9352 programvare. De fleste utfordringene skolene har på IKT-siden kan
9353 løses ved hjelp av friprogramvareverktøy i dag. Det som trenges er
9354 opplysning, kunnskap og kompetanse.</p>
9355
9356       </div>
9357       <div class="tags">
9358
9359
9360         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9361
9362
9363       </div>
9364     </div>
9365     <div class="padding"></div>
9366
9367     <div class="entry">
9368       <div class="title">
9369         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Morten_Amundsen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Morten Amundsen</a>
9370       </div>
9371       <div class="date">
9372         23rd January 2011
9373       </div>
9374       <div class="body">
9375         <p>Denne gangen er det Tromsøkontoret til Friprog-senteret, og nyvalgt
9376 styremedlem i <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen
9377 FRISK</a> jeg har fått i tale i min intervjuserie med
9378 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-folk.</p>
9379
9380 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9381
9382 <p>Jeg heter Morten Amundsen og jobber i
9383 <a href="http://www.friprog.no/">Friprog.no</a>, men er for tiden leid
9384 ut til <a href="http://www.bredbandsfylket.no/">Bredbåndsfylket
9385 Troms</a> der jeg jobber med ett prosjekt som heter
9386 "<a href="http://www.bredbandsfylket.no/skolefjoela.157417.no.html">Skolefjøla</a>"
9387 Vi ser på en åpen løsning som integrerer eksisterende lukkete
9388 løsninger sammen med fri programvare. Målet er å gi elever og lærere
9389 en plattform som de kan tilpasse utfra behov.</p>
9390
9391 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9392
9393 <p>Skolelinux har jeg møtt ved flere anledninger opp gjennom åra, både gjennom
9394 entusiastiske skolelinuxbrukere og skeptiske "forståsegpåere" :-)</p>
9395
9396 <p>Jeg husker en leverandør av et stort OS for noen år siden mente at
9397 Skolelinux var kun for hackere og nerder og at ingen seriøse skoler
9398 kunne ta dette i bruk.  Heldigvis er kunnskapen større nå og
9399 skikkelige "IT-folk" søker alltid å utvide sin kunnskap.
9400
9401 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9402
9403 <p>Ja det er mange fordeler. Uavhengighet, stabilitet, åpenhet, standarder
9404 osv. Tror det er viktig at man ikke begrenser mulighetene på den plattformen
9405 elevene skal jobbe.</p>
9406
9407 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9408
9409 <p>Det største hinderet er det vi opplever på andre områder rundt
9410 fri programvare, nemlig kunnskap. For mange er det trygt å velge det vi
9411 alltid har valgt. Fordi leverandørene rundt oss sitter på den kunnskapen og
9412 de vi støtter oss på har den samme.  Hvis vi klarer å riste løs litt og
9413 glemme gamle kriger mellom operativsystemer og  leverandører, men sette ned
9414 hva som er viktig og velge ut fra det, så hadde man kanskje kommet ut med
9415 litt andre resultat. Jeg tror IT-folk er konservative og velger tradisjonelt
9416 og det er synd.</p>
9417
9418 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9419
9420 <p>Jeg bruker Ubuntu, Android, Jolicloud, Open Office, Zimbra, Picasa
9421 og Firefox samt en bråte med tjenester som er webbasert. Det eneste
9422 som er betalingslisens for er OSX.  Ser at jeg jobber mer og mer i
9423 skyen og setter pris på alt jeg slipper egen klient til.  Derfor er
9424 jeg veldig sjarmert av små kjappe operativsystemer som krever minimalt
9425 av maskinvaren.</p>
9426
9427 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9428 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9429
9430 <p>Tror en blanding av krav og informasjon er veien å gå. Krav om
9431 sikkerhet, oppetid og åpne standarder.  Informasjon om muligheter og
9432 alternativer. Her har leverandører, IT-avdelinger og pedagoger en vei
9433 å gå sammen. Det er til slutt LÆRING det dreier seg om, og da må man
9434 få mest mulig læring for pengene man har.</p>
9435
9436       </div>
9437       <div class="tags">
9438
9439
9440         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9441
9442
9443       </div>
9444     </div>
9445     <div class="padding"></div>
9446
9447     <div class="entry">
9448       <div class="title">
9449         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Sturle_Sunde.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Sturle Sunde</a>
9450       </div>
9451       <div class="date">
9452         19th January 2011
9453       </div>
9454       <div class="body">
9455         <p>Denne gang har jeg fått tak i en mangeårig unix-mann som etter
9456 mange år ved Universitetet i Oslo, der jeg først traff ham, har
9457 flyttet tilbake til vestlandet, og der bidratt til å revitalisere
9458 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-oppsettet i
9459 Florø.</p>
9460
9461 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9462
9463 <p>Sturle Sunde, ansvarleg for skulenettet i Flora kommune.  Eg driv,
9464 vidareutviklar og er andrelinje brukarstøtte for datanettet ved
9465 skulane i Flora kommune.  10 skular og meir enn 700 maskiner med
9466 Linux, medrekna tynnklientar.  Tidlegare jobba eg i mange år med
9467 unix-drift ved Universitetets senter for informasjonsteknologi ved
9468 Universitetet i Oslo.</p>
9469
9470 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9471
9472 <p>Det er vanskeleg å svare konkret på.  Eg har drive med Unix og Linux i
9473 alle år, og Skulelinux er eit godt kjent prosjekt i miljøet.  Det var
9474 først i 2008, då eg tok til i min noverande jobb, at eg fekk bruk for
9475 Skulelinux for alvor.</p>
9476
9477 <p>Jobben min skulle vere drift av eit nytt skulenett i Flora kommune,
9478 levert av eit firma eg ikkje vil reklamere for.  Systemet skulle vere
9479 ferdig levert i september året før.  Dette viste seg å ta mykje lenger
9480 tid, og i haustferien 2008 hadde dei endå ikkje klart å få opp ei
9481 fungerande løysing.  Situasjonen var prekær for den største skulen i
9482 kommunen med meir enn 500 elevar på ungdomssteget.  Skulen hadde brukt
9483 Skulelinux før, og var tilfredse med det.  No hadde dei vore utan
9484 fungerande datasystem i nesten eit år.  Difor fekk eg opp ein ny tenar
9485 utanfor prosjektet og installerte Skulelinux på den.  Etter litt
9486 justering av konfigurasjonen med god hjelp av #skolelinux på IRC, var
9487 den nye tenaren oppe og gjekk med både tynne og halv-tjukke klientar.
9488 Autentisering gjekk mot det nye systemet, slik at elevar og lærarar
9489 framleis har same brukarnamn og passord over alt.  Dette berre
9490 fungerte, og vi bestemte oss for å erstatte delar av løysinga vi
9491 skulle få levert med Skulelinux.</p>
9492
9493 <p>Det høyrer med til historia at det nye systemet eg skulle drive frå
9494 januar 2008 endå ikkje er ferdig levert.  Dei jobbar med saka, seier
9495 dei, og har von om å fullføre leveransen i løpet av 2011.</p>
9496
9497 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9498
9499 <p>Det er veldig mange.  Eg skal ta nokre få.</p>
9500
9501 <p>Den viktigaste fordelen er at det igrunn berre er ei maskin å passe
9502 på, og det er tenaren.  Med andre løysingar har ein gjerne programvare
9503 og anna som skal vedlikehaldast på kvar enkelt maskin.  Med Skulelinux
9504 kan alle feil rettast og alle program oppgraderast på alle maskiner
9505 samstundes ved å gjere endringa som må til på tenaren.  Eg kan sitje
9506 på kontoret og passe på alle tenarane i kommunen derifrå.</p>
9507
9508 <ul>
9509
9510 <li>Tynne klientar gjer det mogleg å bruke eldre utstyr lenge, so lenge
9511 tenaren er sterk nok.  Ein liten tenar med eit par halv-moderne CPUar
9512 og 2 GiB RAM held lenge for eit typisk klasserom med 30 tynnklientar,
9513 og det er lett å utvide med fleire.
9514
9515 <li>Halvtjukke klientar gjer det mogleg å utnytte kapasiteten i litt
9516 nyare maskiner betre, og avlaste tenaren.  Ingenting vert installert
9517 lokalt på desse heller, og harddisken kan gjerne koblast frå.  Gode
9518 halvtjukke klientar kan kjøpast brukt for under 1000-lappen, og det er
9519 heile kostnaden.  Ingen lisensar eller anna på toppen, og det er ikkje
9520 krav til kraftigare tenar heller.
9521
9522 <li>Det er Linux.  Vi har ikkje noko kluss med drivarar, dei berre er
9523 der.  Heller ikkje med virus, dei finst i realiteten ikkje.  Eller med
9524 elevar som klussar med installert programvare, for dei klarar ikkje å
9525 øydeleggje for nokon andre enn seg sjølve.
9526
9527 </ul>
9528
9529 <p>Skulelinux er lagt opp til å vere veldig lett å installere rett ut
9530 av boksen på ein heil skule av ein interessert lærar.  Det er ofte ei
9531 god løysing for skulen.  Å ha nokon til stades som kjenner systemet og
9532 kan forklare enkle ting eller løyse problem der og då, er uvurderleg
9533 viktig for ein stressa lærar fem minutt før det ringer inn.</p>
9534
9535 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9536
9537 <p>All den ferdige konfigurasjonen gjer det tungvint å tilpasse
9538 Skulelinux til eit system som skal fungere saman med mange andre
9539 installasjonar i eit felles datanett for skulane i ein kommune.  Det
9540 heile er prekonfigurert for ein skule, og utviding til mange skular
9541 med eigne tenarar er ikkje berre enkelt.</p>
9542
9543 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9544
9545 <p>Eg brukar mest alle små hjelpeprogram som føl med operativsystemet,
9546 samt scriptspråket perl.  Elles er Firefox/Iceweasel, Gnome-terminal
9547 og ssh i kontinuerleg bruk.  Av Linux-distribusjonar brukar eg både
9548 Debian, Ubuntu, SuSE og RedHat dagleg.  Eg prøvar å finne det verktyet
9549 som passar best til kvar del av jobben.</p>
9550
9551 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9552 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9553
9554 <p>Det er to målgrupper ein må sikte mot.  Det eine er alle skulane som
9555 manglar eller har eit lite tilfredsstillande opplegg i dag, og ikkje
9556 har råd til å kjøpe noko nytt og blankpussa opplegg.  Der er det om å
9557 gjere å gjere det enkelt for skulane å finne Skulelinux, og gjere det
9558 enkelt for dei å få hjelp til installasjon på skulen.  Gjerne med
9559 lokale kontaktpersonar.  Her er det dugnadsinnsats som må til, for
9560 desse skulane har ikkje råd til å betale for dette.</p>
9561
9562 <p>Den andre og kanskje viktigare målgruppa er dei meir eller mindre
9563 profesjonelle kundane.  Alle store offentlege innkjøp, inkludert
9564 innkjøp av nytt datasystem for skular, må ut på offentleg anbod.
9565 Offentlege anbod er mykje meir lukka enn dei gjev inntrykk av, og både
9566 regelboka og boka med triks for å sminke tilbodet er tjukk.  Det er
9567 vanskeleg å komme inn utan eit solid salsapparat i ryggen.  Kanskje
9568 Skulelinux skulle prøve aktivt å få seg eit partnarskap med eit av dei
9569 store som gjerne vil sterkare inn på den offentlege IT-marknaden?
9570 Nokon som kjenner triksa og har krefter til å ta opp kampen mot både
9571 dårlege anbod og Rudolf Blostrupmoen IT AS.  Leveranse til skulane i
9572 ein kommune er ein god måte å få ein fot inn døra som leverandør til
9573 ein lukrativ kommunemarknad som kjøper alle tenester.  Ta kontakt med
9574 nokon som er passeleg store og ikkje er Microsoft-partnar, og fortell:
9575 «Vi har eit ferdig produkt som du kan selje.  Nei vi skal ikkje ha for
9576 det.  Du kan gjerne gjere kva du vil med det, berre vi får lov til å
9577 hjelpe deg.  Målgruppa er alle kommunar, og det er noko dei vil ha.
9578 Det er eit godt produkt, brukt av mange og godt likt.»</p>
9579
9580       </div>
9581       <div class="tags">
9582
9583
9584         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9585
9586
9587       </div>
9588     </div>
9589     <div class="padding"></div>
9590
9591     <div class="entry">
9592       <div class="title">
9593         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Embrik_Kaslegard.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Embrik Kaslegard</a>
9594       </div>
9595       <div class="date">
9596         16th January 2011
9597       </div>
9598       <div class="body">
9599         <p>Neste ut i min intervjuserie med folk i
9600 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a> er
9601 lærer, mangeårig bidragsyter på epostlistene og tidligere
9602 Skolelinux-administrator på en skole i Hemsedal.</p>
9603
9604 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9605
9606 <p>Embrik Kaslegard, 1964-modell, fire barn (7-20 år). Begynte som
9607 lærer i 1989 - har hatt IKT-ansvar siden første året i jobb. Har
9608 jobbet som lærer/IKT-ansvarlig uavbrutt siden 1989. Jobbet med
9609 Skolelinux fra 2004 til 2010. Nå har jeg fått ny arbeidsplass og er
9610 40% lærer og 60% IKT med Windows XP, Win2003 server og et regionalt
9611 IKT-regime som legger premissene og begrensingene for hva vi kan gjøre
9612 på skolen.</p>
9613
9614 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9615
9616 <p>Jeg leste en artikkel om en dugnadsinstallasjon av Skolelinux på en
9617 skole på Jæren et sted. Tanken om dugnad og frihet appellerte til
9618 meg. Da vi skulle bygge ny skole var det en del vi måtte spare på,
9619 fordi vi beveget oss mot en kostnadssprekk. Kabling og investering i
9620 PC-er var en av tingene vi sparte på. Derfor kjøpe vi 72 pc-er for 390
9621 pr stk. En filtjener og en applikasjonsserver.</p>
9622
9623 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9624
9625 <p>Fordelen er at så mye er satt opp fra starten. I tillegg er det
9626 tydelig at pakka er laga for skoleverket. Brukerne har egne
9627 skrivebord, tilgang på mange gode verktøyprogrammer. Vi slipper å
9628 tenke på virus. Brukerne har ikke mulighet til å ødelegge
9629 klientoppsett, men har gode muligheter til å endre eget oppsett. Dette
9630 tror jeg er inspirerende og kjekt for mange brukere.  Mappestrukturen
9631 er ferdig og det er "enkelt" å designe lokale mappestrukturer via
9632 skeleton.  Noen av oss i skoleverket mener skolen skal være en
9633 "mot-kultur". Da er Skolelinux et av valgene man kan ta. Et annet er å
9634 spise på indisk restaurant i stedet for Mc Donald's når vi er på bytur
9635 osv.. Ordene deling, frihet, dugnad osv er positive ord i
9636 skoleverket. Det er viktig at elevene blir bevisst dette.</p>
9637
9638 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9639
9640 <p>Kompabiliteten er selvsagt et problem, selv om det er mindre nå enn
9641 før.  For IKT-personer på skolene som skal drifte dette er det
9642 problematisk med kommandoer i terminalen.  I tillegg er det alt for
9643 mange programmer i Skolelinux som ikke blir brukt.  Jeg tror
9644 Skolelinux er tjent med å tone ned begrepet pedagogisk programvare.
9645 Slik jeg ser det finnes ikke denne kategorien programmer lengre slik
9646 de gjorde før, som frittsående programmer som installeres på en
9647 datamaskin eller på serveren.  Det finnes en del spesialpedagogiske
9648 programmer, som Textpilot, LingDys, LingRight, AskiRaski, Ny i Norge
9649 osv.  Men dette er programmer for enkelt-elever eller små grupper av
9650 elever.  Det som bør være fokus er at alle undervisningsressurser som
9651 lages for nettet skal være nettleseruavhengig.</p>
9652
9653 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9654
9655 <p>OpenOffice bruker jeg til vanlig kontorarbeide.  VLC bruker jeg som
9656 videoavspiller og av og til streaming av film.  Gimp bruker jeg i
9657 undervisningen til bildemanipulering. Firefox og Chrome er mine
9658 favoritt-nettlesere.  Firefox har lenge vært førstevalget mitt, nå
9659 bruker jeg mest Chrome.  Opplever den som raskere og smidigere enn
9660 Firefox.  Ubuntu bruker jeg som dualboot på jobb-maskinen min i
9661 tillegg til at alle PCer hjemme har en eller annen Ubuntu-distribusjon
9662 installert.  Jeg bruker Clonezilla på Ubuntu 10.04 til kloning av
9663 datamaskiner på jobb.  Det er selvsagt en haug andre frie programmer
9664 jeg bruker men jeg bruker dem ikke daglig.  Jeg kan ramse opp:
9665 recordmydesktop, cinelerra, acidrip, soundjuicer, audacity, NX
9666 (no-machine), Kino, Rythmbox...</p>
9667
9668 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9669 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9670
9671 <p>Jeg tror oppsøkende virksomhet er den rette strategien.
9672 Ressurspersoner gjør avtaler med rådmenn, skolesjefer, rektorer.  Det
9673 er slik konkurrentene gjør det.  Fokuset i slike samtaler bør være
9674 kost-nytte.  Dersom personer med økonomisk ansvar ser at de kan få
9675 like godt tilbud til mindre utgifter, tror jeg det er mulighet til å
9676 få innpass.  Dersom de også kan få konkrete tilbud på drift i slike
9677 samtaler, vil de kanskje bli litt mer interesserte i hvor mye penger
9678 som faktisk går til IKT i skolene.  Det er også viktig at vi ikke
9679 firer for mye på krav til datamaskiner.  Det er flott at Skolelinux
9680 går på "utrangert" utstyr, men dette bør bare presenteres som et
9681 alternativ.  Skolelinux-installasjoner med utrangert utstyr er ikke å
9682 foretrekke dersom man kan unngå det. Det skaper ikke entusiasme hos
9683 brukerne (elever og lærere) når de bruker gamle datamaskiner som går
9684 tregt.  Det er kjempefint med skoler som har kommet seg frem til
9685 Skolelinux og fri programvare av seg selv, men de lever på nåde.
9686 Slike valg må fundamenteres hos skoleeier.</p>
9687
9688 <p>Oppdatering 2011-01-16 22:40: Oppdatert svarene for de tre siste
9689 spørsmålene litt mer tekst fra Embrik.</p>
9690
9691       </div>
9692       <div class="tags">
9693
9694
9695         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9696
9697
9698       </div>
9699     </div>
9700     <div class="padding"></div>
9701
9702     <div class="entry">
9703       <div class="title">
9704         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Viggo_Fedreheim.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Viggo Fedreheim</a>
9705       </div>
9706       <div class="date">
9707         12th January 2011
9708       </div>
9709       <div class="body">
9710         <p>Jeg fortsetter min intervjuserie med folk i
9711 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a>.  Denne
9712 gang er det en av folkene som har vært med lenge og som har tatt i
9713 bruk Skolelinux på alle skolene i Narvik kommune som skal i ilden.
9714 Han er styremedlem i
9715 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen
9716 FRISK</a>.</p>
9717
9718 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9719
9720 <p>Mitt navn er Viggo Fedreheim, og jeg er pedagogisk og teknisk
9721 IKT-veileder for alle skoler i Narvik kommune.  Jeg drifter totalt 17
9722 servere basert på Skolelinux og Debian. Jeg holder i tillegg noen kurs
9723 mellom all driftingen. For tiden arbeider jeg med en sentral
9724 LDAP-tjener for alle skoleservere samt våre Moodle- og
9725 Joomla-installasjoner.</p>
9726
9727 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9728
9729 <p>Gjennom en eller annen nettavis i 2001 der var det skrevet om
9730 Skolelinux.  Artikkelen ga meg lyst til å prøve ut systemet.</p>
9731
9732 <p>Det startet i 2002 ved at jeg installerte en av de første utgavene
9733 av Skolelinux på en standard pc på Solneset skole i Tromsø.  Denne var
9734 oppe fram til desember 2003 da jeg sluttet på den skolen og begynte i
9735 ny jobb i Narvik kommune.</p>
9736
9737 <p> I Narvik kommune var det i 2004 kun 2 servere på da totalt 15
9738 skoler. Disse var Windows NT baserte. På disse to skolene var det lite
9739 med maskiner.  Jobben med å få Narvik Kommune opp på akseptabelt nivå
9740 virket å være formidabel.  Men med hjelp av gode kollegaer og leder
9741 skrev jeg en IKT plan for Narvik kommune som ble vedtatt av politikere
9742 i august 2004. I denne planen ble det bestemt at Narvik kommune skulle
9743 bruke Skolelinux.  Her ble det også satt av midler til kabling av god
9744 infrastruktur på alle skoler samt innkjøp av nye datamaskiner.  Så i
9745 dag har vi 17 servere hvorav 13 er på Skolelinux, med ca 1500 klienter
9746 basert på tynne, "halvtykke" og et stort antall bærbare pcer basert på
9747 Kubuntu.</p>
9748
9749 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9750
9751 <p>Lisenskostnader, driftkostnader og hardwarekrav som er mye lavere
9752 enn for andre systemer.</p>
9753
9754 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9755
9756 <p>Pedagogiske programvare som ikke fungerer mot Linux. En Stoooor
9757 flaskehals og som gjør at Linux kanskje ikke blir valgt andre
9758 plasser.</p>
9759
9760 <p>Eksempler er Relemo, Lindys (lingit sine programmer), 5plus
9761 (matematikk).  Disse er programmer som ikke lar seg kjøre i Linux.</p>
9762
9763 <p> Men det ser ut for at mange leverandører går over til mer
9764 nettbaserte programmer istedet for å installere lokalt.  Dette med
9765 enkelte leverandører som ikke kan levere programmer til Linux er et
9766 lite problem og over tid tror jeg at denne barrieren er borte.</p>
9767
9768 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9769
9770 <p>Kjører Kubuntu på laptoper, Debian squeeze på stasjonær
9771 kontorpc. Ut over dette arbeder jeg svært mye via konsoll mot andre
9772 servere.</p>
9773
9774       </div>
9775       <div class="tags">
9776
9777
9778         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9779
9780
9781       </div>
9782     </div>
9783     <div class="padding"></div>
9784
9785     <div class="entry">
9786       <div class="title">
9787         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Arnt_Ove_Gregersen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Arnt Ove Gregersen</a>
9788       </div>
9789       <div class="date">
9790          9th January 2011
9791       </div>
9792       <div class="body">
9793         <p>Inspirert av
9794 <a href="http://raphaelhertzog.com/tag/interview/">intervjurunden</a>
9795 som Raphael Hertzog har startet med folk i Debianprosjektet, fikk jeg
9796 lyst til å gjøre det samme med folk i
9797 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a>.  Håpet
9798 er at de som til daglig bidrar til å fremme fri programvare i
9799 skoleverket og utvikler en linux-distribusjon spesiallaget for
9800 skolebruk kan bli bedre kjent og kanskje inspirere flere til å bidra
9801 til Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
9802
9803 <p>Først ut er nyvalgt leder i
9804 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen FRISK</a> som
9805 organiserer utviklingen av Skolelinux-distribusjonen.  FRISK trenger
9806 alltid flere medlemmer, så
9807 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/index.php?page=signup">meld
9808 deg gjerne inn</a> hvis du vil støtte oss.</p>
9809
9810 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9811
9812 <p><!-- Mitt navn er Arnt Ove Gregersen, jeg er en småbarnfar på 32 år som
9813 for tiden bor Trondheim. -->
9814 Mitt navn er Arnt Ove Gregersen, jeg er 32 år og bor for tiden i Trondheim.
9815
9816 Her jobber jeg som systemutvikler i et firma
9817 som heter <a href="http://www.geomatikk-ikt.no/">Geomatikk IKT AS</a>,
9818 hvor jeg er på et Vegmeldings-prosjekt for Statens Vegvesen. På
9819 fritiden er jeg styreleder i FRISK (Fri programvare i skolen) og
9820 bidrar til bl.a. Skolelinux-prosjektet når jeg får tid til det. Det er
9821 primært hjemmesiden til Skolelinux-prosjektet og
9822 <a href="http://linuxveiviseren.no/">Linux-veiviseren</a> jeg har
9823 jobbet med her, men jeg har også gjort en del arbeid i forhold til
9824 FRISK sin hjemmeside.</p>
9825
9826 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9827
9828 <p>Jeg var på en presentasjon av prosjektet i regi av Knut Yrvin på
9829 Gløshaugen i Trondheim, hvor jeg fattet stor interesse for prosjektet
9830 og ville hjelpe til så godt jeg kunne.  Dette var vel i 2002 eller
9831 2003.</p>
9832
9833 <p>Jeg hadde fra før hørt om prosjektet fra før og syntes tanken bak var
9834 ganske fin, men hadde ikke noen interesse av bruke min egen fritid på
9835 det selv.</p>
9836
9837 <p>I etterkant av presentasjonen startet jeg og noen andre fra
9838 Trondheim "Skolelinux-prosjektet i Sør-Trøndelag" . Hvor vi var med å
9839 bidra til at Trondheim kommune satte igang Selsbakk ungdomskole som et
9840 pilotprosjekt med Skolelinux, som egentlig var og er en stor suksess,
9841 men det virker ut som det ikke skjer noe mer på. I tillegg var vi med
9842 på dugnad på Brundalen videregående skole hvor vi installerte
9843 Skolelinux som såvidt jeg vet fortsatt kjører på Skolelinux.</p>
9844
9845 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9846
9847 <p>Det bygger på fri programvare og har lav kostnad i forhold til
9848 nytteverdien. Dette fordi det har forholdsvis lav inngangsum og bruker
9849 en arkitektur med sentral-drift som gir mange driftfordeler.  I
9850 tillegg vil det kunne frigjøre kostnader for skolene slik at de kan
9851 bruke dem til å ansette f,eks flere lærere om det er ønskelig.</p>
9852
9853 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9854
9855 <P>Ikke all pedagogisk programvare er tilgjengelig der, som f.eks
9856 Drillpro om jeg ikke husker feil.</p>
9857
9858 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9859
9860 <p>Til utvikling av Java-applikasjoner og Android bruker jeg Eclipse og
9861 Quanta til web-utvikling via php. For all bildebehandling bruker jeg
9862 GIMP og Blender til 3d-modellering . Dessverre har Blender en bratt
9863 læringskurve i starten, men det er absolutt verdt det.
9864
9865 <p>Til musikk bruker jeg stort Rhytmbox. Firefox til surfing på nettet og
9866 Thunderbird og Evolution til e-post,
9867
9868 <p>På database-siden bruker jeg PostgreSQL, Postgis og av og til Mysql.
9869
9870 <p>Når jeg får tid til å spille bruker jeg som regel et strategi-spill
9871 som er basert på TA Spring-motoren (springrts.com), her er det et
9872 veldig bra utvalg av gratis spill som er av høy kvalitet. Veldig lett
9873 å bli hektet :)</p>
9874
9875       </div>
9876       <div class="tags">
9877
9878
9879         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9880
9881
9882       </div>
9883     </div>
9884     <div class="padding"></div>
9885
9886     <div class="entry">
9887       <div class="title">
9888         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Inspirerende_fra_en_ukjent_Skolelinux_skole.html">Inspirerende fra en ukjent Skolelinux-skole</a>
9889       </div>
9890       <div class="date">
9891          4th January 2011
9892       </div>
9893       <div class="body">
9894         <p>Følgende inspirerende historie fant jeg i
9895 <a href="http://www.digi.no/php/ny_debatt.php?id=858869#innlegg_770926">kommentarfeltet
9896 hos digi.no</a> i forbindelse med en trist sak om hvordan
9897 <a href="http://www.digi.no/858869/datakaos-etter-linux-satsing">skolen
9898 i Hemsedal har fått ødelagt</a> sin Skolelinux-installasjon.  Jeg har
9899 fikset endel åpenbare skrivefeil for lesbarhetens skyld.</p>
9900
9901 <blockquote>
9902 <p><strong>Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
9903 <br>av Inspektør Siri (gjest)
9904
9905 <p>Kommunen min har to omtrent jevnstore tettsteder, og en
9906 ungdomsskole i hvert av tettstedene. Den minste av disse har ca 300
9907 elever og til denne sogner det 3 barneskoler. Den største har ca 350
9908 elever og til denne sogner det 4 barneskoler.</p>
9909
9910 <ul>
9911
9912 <li>Kommunen har i veldig lang tid forsømt IKT i skolen, og det har
9913 bare blitt gitt smuler i ny og ne. Det er kun den største av
9914 ungdomsskolene som har hatt en skikkelig datapark, og dette takket
9915 være en naturfaglærer som ble lei av å vente på kommunen. Det gjorde
9916 at vi bestemte oss for å ta ting i egne hender, og da vha
9917 skolelinux. En testinstallasjon med 10 gamle PCer ble gjort, og vi så
9918 raskt at dette var veldig lovende. Neste etappe var å gi alle lærere
9919 egen PC på arbeidsplassene sine (2004), og så sette opp 16 PCer på to
9920 datarom. Vi har kun basert oss på å kjøpe inn brukte maskiner, og
9921 aldri dyrere enn 1000 kr pr klient. For to år siden så hadde vi
9922 klienter i alle klasserom, og totalt hadde vi da rundt 250 stk. Rundt
9923 40 klienter brukes av lærerne og kjører på en egen server. Elvene har
9924 resten, og kjører også en egen server. Servere har vi også kjøpt
9925 brukt, 2 år gamle servere koster 6-7000 kroner.</li>
9926
9927 <li>Skolen vår er et relativt gammelt bygg, men en meget dyktig
9928 vaktmester har sammen med IKT-ansvarlig/Naturfaglærer lagt kabler til alle
9929 rom. Gradvis har vi byttet ut billige svitsjer med mer solide saker
9930 som er mulig å fjernstyre.</li>
9931
9932 <li>Vi har i all hovedsak greid å få dette til over eget budsjett, men
9933 vi har også passet på å få penger når de andre skolene har fått
9934 bærbare PCer til lærere osv.</li>
9935
9936 <li>Vår IKT-ansvarlig har gjort (og gjør) en fenomenal jobb, og vi har
9937 en maskinpark som de andre av kommunens skoler bare kan drømme
9938 om.</li>
9939
9940 </ul>
9941
9942 <p>Så skjer det som ofte skjer. Det kommer en eller annen
9943 selger/blåruss og skal fikse ALT. I vårt tilfelle betyr dette også
9944 sentralisering av drift. Den ny-ansatte på kommunens IT-avdelingen
9945 skal også ha jobb, og ser for seg å ta over skoledriften. Kommunen
9946 kjøper inn eksterne driftstjenester, og nekter i samme slengen å ta
9947 hensyn til skolen vår. Dette til tross for at vi alene har like mange
9948 datamaskiner som de andre til sammen. </p>
9949
9950 <ul>
9951
9952 <li>Det blir krevd at vi skal innlemmes i de kommunale systemet, og
9953 det er VI som får ansvar for at dette kommer på plass. Og det er her
9954 de horrible tingene begynner å skje. </li>
9955
9956 <li>Det settes opp en lukket Exchange server som gjør av vi ikke kan
9957 hente epost for våre ansatte. Og det kreves at vi finner løsning på
9958 dette.</li>
9959
9960 <li>Det velges sak arkivsystem som vi pålegges å bruke, noe som gjør
9961 at vi må bruke en terminalløsning mot kommunal server. Ikke i seg selv
9962 et problem i følge IKT-ansvarlig hos oss. Men kommunens IT-avd nektet
9963 faktisk å åpne de porter OSV som vi måtte bruke.</li>
9964
9965 <li>Vi blir pålagt å flytte på innsiden av det kommunale
9966 nettverket. Dette gjorde at vi mistet hjemmekontor for lærere og
9967 elever. Å få åpnet porter i kommunal brannmur var ikke
9968 aktuelt. Mulighet for fjerndrift ble også vekk i samme slengen. </li>
9969
9970 <li>Vår LMS Moodle er ikke mulig å nå for elevene og lærerne.
9971
9972 </ul>
9973
9974 <p>Den andre ungdomsskolen i kommunen begynner så å kreve at de skal
9975 få bedre datatetthet, og komme opp på et nivå som ligner det vi
9976 har. De ser at vi kan avholde eksamen hvor alle 10. klassingene får
9977 sitte ved hver sin PC. Og de har fått tilbakemelding (klager) fra VGS
9978 om manglende datakompetanse på elevene som kommer fra dem. Dette fører
9979 videre til at kommunen endelig innser at de må ta grep. </p>
9980
9981 <p>Grepet betyr sentralisering, og farvel til vår plattform får vi
9982 høre. Det blir gjort en rekke bestemmelser og vedtak som vi ikke får
9983 være en del av. Det blir helt klart at vi må redusere antall maskiner,
9984 og det skal satses på bærbare maskiner. Siden vi ikke har fått tatt
9985 del i prosessene som angår oss, så bruker vi fagforening. Vi har ikke
9986 blitt hørt i forbindelse med endringer som er betydelig for vår
9987 hverdag, og greier å stoppe omlegging. I tillegg så har vi et politisk
9988 vedtak i kommunen på at vi skal kjøre Linux på elevnett, og dette
9989 vedtaket kan ikke administrasjonen i kommunene helt uten videre
9990 tilsidesette. </p>
9991
9992 <p>I sum har dette gjort at vi har fått jobbe videre i fred. Og en del
9993 runder i kommunens kontrollutvalg har gjort det tydelig at vi har blitt
9994 systematisk motarbeidet. </p>
9995
9996 <p>I dag har de andre skolene fått sine bærbare maskiner til elever og
9997 lærere, men etter 2 år med innkjøring er det fremdeles problemer
9998 her. </p>
9999
10000 <ul>
10001
10002 <li>Ungdomsskolen med windows kan ikke kjøre eksamen med sine bærbare,
10003 det er for mye arbeid å renske disse for innhold slik at juks ikke er
10004 mulig.</li>
10005
10006 <li>Utskrift er et mareritt, etter sigende pga at utskrift først
10007 sendes til sentral server, og så sendes ut til rett skriver. I snitt
10008 så tar det 7-8 minutter før utskrift starter på enkelte av
10009 skolene.</li>
10010
10011 <li>Trådløst skaper store problemer, og det er i perioder helt umulig
10012 å komme seg på nett. Og lagring på felles server er bare å glemme i
10013 perioder.</li>
10014
10015 </ul>
10016
10017 <p>Vi har slitt mye, kranglet og sloss. Ikke med tekniske problemer,
10018 men med omgivelsene rundt som vil oss til livs. Men det har vært verdt
10019 hver dråpe med svette, og timer med irritasjon. Men vi har begynt å få
10020 rutine her nå. </p>
10021
10022 <ul>
10023
10024 <li>Vi har fremdeles et system som vi styrer helt selv. </li>
10025 <li>Vi har vist at argumentet med at vår IKT-ansvarlig kan finne seg annen jobb ikke holder mål. Vi har kjøpt driftskonto hos et firma i tilfelle krise, og vi har kjørt opplæring på flere av de yngre lærerne. </li>
10026 <li>Vi har til enhver tid en lærling IKT driftsfag, og velger selvsagt ut dem som satser på Linux. Vi har nå begynt å få tilbake av våre tidligere elever som vil til oss nettopp fordi vi har Linux.</li>
10027 <li>Vi har vist at vi greier å opprettholde en dobbelt så stor datapark som naboskolen, og det til en billigere penge. </li>
10028 <li>Vi har datastøtte og support på huset, ALLTID tilgjengelig. De andre skolene må vente flere dager hvis det ikke er noe kritisk. </li>
10029 <li>Vår IKT-ansvarlig har 50% stilling som lærer og 50% som IKT-ansvarlig. </li>
10030 <li>Vi har en lærer på hvert trinn som har 3 timer i uka til å drive support/støtte til de andre lærerne. </li>
10031 <li>Vi opplever at de yngste lærerne ved den andre ungdomsskolen ønsker seg over til oss. </li>
10032
10033 </ul>
10034
10035 <p>Vi skal i løpet av året starte prosess med å planlegge ny skole, og vi har fått gjennomslag for at jeg (inspektør) og IKT-ansvarlig skal ha det fulle og hele ansvar for IKT/Infrastruktur. Begrunnelsen vår som ble avgjørende her, var at IT-avd i kommunen ikke kan noe om data i skolen. </p>
10036
10037 <p>Beklager hvis dette ble litt usammenhengende, men det ble tastet i
10038 fei, og jeg har ikke lest gjennom</p>
10039 </blockquote>
10040
10041 <p>Det kom raskt et lite svar:</p>
10042
10043 <blockquote>
10044 <p><strong>SV: Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
10045 <br>av captain_obvious</p>
10046
10047 <p>Inspirerende å lese. Har dere gjort noe for å fortelle denne
10048 historien videre?</p>
10049
10050 <p>Hadde vært svært interessant om dere tok kontakt med dokument 2 eller
10051 lignende for å fortelle hvordan det egentlig står til med
10052 IT-satsningen i kommune-Norge. Om ikke annet kan du begynner med å
10053 raffinere innlegget ditt og få en gjesteartikkel på digi.no</p>
10054 </blockquote>
10055
10056 <p>Og deretter en lengre oppfølging.</p>
10057
10058 <blockquote>
10059 <p><strong>SV: Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
10060 <br>av Inspektør Siri (gjest)
10061
10062 <p>Joda, vi har lekt med tanken, og vi har t.o.m skrevet flere lengre
10063 leserinnlegg myntet på aviser. Disse er ikke sendt til aviser, men
10064 brukt internt i forbindelse med møter med kommune. Vår IKT-ansvarlig
10065 har også truet med å si opp jobben sin hvis det ikke ble tatt hensyn i
10066 større grad enn hva som har vært tilfelle. VI kan også dokumentere
10067 flere brudd på anbudsregler, og vi kjenner til at relativt store
10068 IT-leverandører som ikke har fått tatt del i disse anbudene, rett og
10069 slett ikke tør melde fra av redsel for å få et dårlig rykte. </p>
10070
10071 <p>Alt ser ut til å roe seg ned, og vi har fått opp øynene på
10072 politikerne. I sum gjør dette at vi ikke ønsker for mye publisitet nå,
10073 det vil bare rote til igjen. </p>
10074
10075 <p>Jeg glemte å nevne at vi nå nesten ikke bruker tid på å drifte
10076 systemet vårt, noe som gjør at det aller meste av tid blir brukt til å
10077 støtte lærerne og elevene. F.eks så bruker vår IKT-ansvarlig den
10078 første timen på jobb, 0730-0830 kun til å gå ute på arbeidsplassene
10079 til læreren. Dette for å kunne svare på små og store problem, gi tips
10080 og råd, eller bare for å plukke opp hva som er behovet ute i
10081 undervisningsarealene. Det er dessverre ikke slik at alle lærerne har
10082 nok digital kompetanse til å kunne formulere alle spørsmålene de har,
10083 men ved å kunne få vise eller lufte tanker med IKT-ansvarlig så er det
10084 utrolig hva som kommer fram. </p>
10085
10086 <ul>
10087
10088 <li>Jeg ser at mange bruker økonomi som argument i forhold til å bruke
10089 SkoleLinux, og jeg skal ikke legge skjul på at det var dette som i
10090 utgangspunktet var årsaken til vårt valg. Men diskusjonene og kampen
10091 med kommunens IT-avdeling har gjort at vi har fått et noe annet
10092 fokus. Fordelene med drift og stabilitet, gjør at vi ville ha valgt
10093 samme løsning selv om den var dyrere. At vi slipper langt billigere
10094 unna, som følge av 0,- lisenskostnader og lave maskinvarekostnader, er
10095 bare en bonus. </li>
10096
10097 <li>Etter å ha kranglet oss til å få skikkelig oversikt over hva de
10098 andre skolene i kommunen bruker på IT, så har vi fått gehør for å få
10099 samme midler til innkjøp. Dette har gjort at vi nå kan kjøpe inn
10100 utstyr som de andre skolene bare kan se langt etter. Vi har nettopp
10101 kjøpt inn 3 videokamera i semiproff-klassen for å kunne lage film,
10102 samt sende live fra skoleteater/konserter. Vi har kjøpt inn digitale
10103 kompaktkamera til alle klassene. Vi har et team av lærere som skal i
10104 gang med å teste ut tablets på svake elever. Håpet et at teknologien
10105 kan være med på å gi noen av elevene litt mer motivasjon. Vi har kjøpt
10106 inn et halvt klassesett med pulsklokker, noe som har vist seg å være
10107 overraskende inspirerende for en del av elevene. Vi har også oss på
10108 fag på en høyskole litt lengre sør for oss, slik at 3 av oss nå skal
10109 ta faget "Linux tjenestedrift". Som inspektør og en del av skolens
10110 administrasjon er det veldig praktisk å kunne trå til hvis det
10111 kniper. Men IKT-ansvarlig har vært UTROLIG flink til å lage rene
10112 smørbrødlister for hvordan de mest vanlige driftsproblem løses, så det
10113 er lett for flere av oss å ta del i den daglige driften. Vi har svært
10114 stor nytte av lærling (som også hjelper to av naboskolene), men det er
10115 nesten blitt slik at det er om å gjøre å komme til først for å få løse
10116 problem. Det å få fingrene på problem og utfordringer er den aller
10117 beste læremester. </li>
10118
10119 </ul>
10120
10121 <p>Når vi nå tar til med planlegging av ny skole, så vil det være med
10122 tanke på at det skal være mulig med datautstyr på alle plasser. Vi
10123 kommer i all hovedsak til å legge kabel til alle tenkelige og
10124 utenkelige plasser. WiFi koster tilnærmet NULL å sette opp i
10125 ettertid.</p>
10126
10127 <p>Vi har ikke vært noe flink til å bidra til SkoleLinux-prosjektet,
10128 vi har rett og slett vært for opptatt med vår egen kamp. Vi har hentet
10129 mye inspirasjon fra diskusjoner som har gått i det miljøet, og vi
10130 håper at vi nå framover kan få tid til å bidra. Vi er i ferd med å
10131 bytte ut en av serverne våre, og da vil denne trolig bli satt opp som
10132 testserver for neste versjon av Skolelinux. På den måten vil vi i alle
10133 fall kunne gi tilbakemeldinger og rapportere feil. I tillegg så vil
10134 det kanskje gi oss noen nye utfordringer, for som lærlingen vår sier:
10135 "Skolelinux er noe herk, det skjer jo ikke noe galt og hvordan skal
10136 jeg da lære?"</p>
10137
10138 </blockquote>
10139
10140 <p>Det er veldig hyggelig å høre at
10141 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> fungerer så bra i
10142 skoleverdagen etter å ha jobbet med det i 10 år.</p>
10143
10144       </div>
10145       <div class="tags">
10146
10147
10148         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
10149
10150
10151       </div>
10152     </div>
10153     <div class="padding"></div>
10154
10155     <div class="entry">
10156       <div class="title">
10157         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_test_if_a_laptop_is_working_with_Linux.html">How to test if a laptop is working with Linux</a>
10158       </div>
10159       <div class="date">
10160         22nd December 2010
10161       </div>
10162       <div class="body">
10163         <p>The last few days I have spent at work here at the <a
10164 href="http://www.uio.no/">University of Oslo</a> testing if the new
10165 batch of computers will work with Linux.  Every year for the last few
10166 years the university have organised shared bid of a few thousand
10167 computers, and this year HP won the bid.  Two different desktops and
10168 five different laptops are on the list this year.  We in the UNIX
10169 group want to know which one of these computers work well with RHEL
10170 and Ubuntu, the two Linux distributions we currently handle at the
10171 university.</p>
10172
10173 <p>My test method is simple, and I share it here to get feedback and
10174 perhaps inspire others to test hardware as well.  To test, I PXE
10175 install the OS version of choice, and log in as my normal user and run
10176 a few applications and plug in selected pieces of hardware.  When
10177 something fail, I make a note about this in the test matrix and move
10178 on.  If I have some spare time I try to report the bug to the OS
10179 vendor, but as I only have the machines for a short time, I rarely
10180 have the time to do this for all the problems I find.</p>
10181
10182 <p>Anyway, to get to the point of this post.  Here is the simple tests
10183 I perform on a new model.</p>
10184
10185 <ul>
10186
10187 <li>Is PXE installation working?  I'm testing with RHEL6, Ubuntu Lucid
10188 and Ubuntu Maverik at the moment.  If I feel like it, I also test with
10189 RHEL5 and Debian Edu/Squeeze.</li>
10190
10191 <li>Is X.org working?  If the graphical login screen show up after
10192 installation, X.org is working.</li>
10193
10194 <li>Is hardware accelerated OpenGL working?  Running glxgears (in
10195 package mesa-utils on Ubuntu) and writing down the frames per second
10196 reported by the program.</li>
10197
10198 <li>Is sound working?  With Gnome and KDE, a sound is played when
10199 logging in, and if I can hear this the test is successful.  If there
10200 are several audio exits on the machine, I try them all and check if
10201 the Gnome/KDE audio mixer can control where to send the sound.  I
10202 normally test this by playing
10203 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20101012-chef/ ">a HTML5
10204 video</a> in Firefox/Iceweasel.</li>
10205
10206 <li>Is the USB subsystem working?  I test this by plugging in a USB
10207 memory stick and see if Gnome/KDE notices this.</li>
10208
10209 <li>Is the CD/DVD player working?  I test this by inserting any CD/DVD
10210 I have lying around, and see if Gnome/KDE notices this.</li>
10211
10212 <li>Is any built in camera working?  Test using cheese, and see if a
10213 picture from the v4l device show up.</li>
10214
10215 <li>Is bluetooth working?  Use the Gnome/KDE browsing tool to see if
10216 any bluetooth devices are discovered.  In my office, I normally see a
10217 few.</li>
10218
10219 <li>For laptops, is the SD or Compaq Flash reader working.  I have
10220 memory modules lying around, and stick them in and see if Gnome/KDE
10221 notice this.</li>
10222
10223 <li>For laptops, is suspend/hibernate working?  I'm testing if the
10224 special button work, and if the laptop continue to work after
10225 resume.</li>
10226
10227 <li>For laptops, is the extra buttons working, like audio level,
10228 adjusting background light, switching on/off external video output,
10229 switching on/off wifi, bluetooth, etc?  The set of buttons differ from
10230 laptop to laptop, so I just write down which are working and which are
10231 not.</li>
10232
10233 <li>Some laptops have smart card readers, finger print readers,
10234 acceleration sensors etc.  I rarely test these, as I do not know how
10235 to quickly test if they are working or not, so I only document their
10236 existence.</li>
10237
10238 </ul>
10239
10240 <p>By now I suspect you are really curious what the test results are
10241 for the HP machines I am testing.  I'm not done yet, so I will report
10242 the test results later.  For now I can report that HP 8100 Elite work
10243 fine, and hibernation fail with HP EliteBook 8440p on Ubuntu Lucid,
10244 and audio fail on RHEL6.  Ubuntu Maverik worked with 8440p.  As you
10245 can see, I have most machines left to test.  One interesting
10246 observation is that Ubuntu Lucid has almost twice the frame rate than
10247 RHEL6 with glxgears.  No idea why.</p>
10248
10249       </div>
10250       <div class="tags">
10251
10252
10253         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
10254
10255
10256       </div>
10257     </div>
10258     <div class="padding"></div>
10259
10260     <div class="entry">
10261       <div class="title">
10262         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_development_gathering_and_General_Assembly_for_FRiSK.html">Debian Edu development gathering and General Assembly for FRiSK</a>
10263       </div>
10264       <div class="date">
10265         29th November 2010
10266       </div>
10267       <div class="body">
10268         <p>On friday, the first Debian Edu / Skolelinux
10269 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering/2010-12-03-05-Oslo">development
10270 gathering</a> in a long time take place here in Oslo, Norway.  I
10271 really look forward to seeing all the good people working on the
10272 Squeeze release.  The gathering is open for everyone interested in
10273 learning more about Debian Edu / Skolelinux.</p>
10274
10275 <p>On Saturday, the Norwegian member organization taking care of
10276 organizing these development gatherings, Fri Programvare i Skolen,
10277 will hold its
10278 <a href="http://friprogramvareiskolen.no/Genfors/2010">General Assembly
10279 for 2010</a>.  Membership is open for all, and currently there are 388
10280 people registered as members.  Last year 32 members cast their vote in
10281 the memberdb based election system.  I hope more people find time to
10282 vote this year.</p>
10283
10284       </div>
10285       <div class="tags">
10286
10287
10288         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10289
10290
10291       </div>
10292     </div>
10293     <div class="padding"></div>
10294
10295     <div class="entry">
10296       <div class="title">
10297         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_isn_t_Debian_Edu_using_VLC_.html">Why isn't Debian Edu using VLC?</a>
10298       </div>
10299       <div class="date">
10300         27th November 2010
10301       </div>
10302       <div class="body">
10303         <p>In the latest issue of Linux Journal, the readers choices were
10304 presented, and the winner among the multimedia player were VLC.
10305 Personally, I like VLC, and it is my player of choice when I first try
10306 to play a video file or stream.  Only if VLC fail will I drag out
10307 gmplayer to see if it can do better.  The reason is mostly the failure
10308 model and trust.  When VLC fail, it normally pop up a error message
10309 reporting the problem.  When mplayer fail, it normally segfault or
10310 just hangs.  The latter failure mode drain my trust in the program.<p>
10311
10312 <p>But even if VLC is my player of choice, we have choosen to use
10313 mplayer in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian
10314 Edu/Skolelinux</a>.  The reason is simple.  We need a good browser
10315 plugin to play web videos seamlessly, and the VLC browser plugin is
10316 not very good.  For example, it lack in-line control buttons, so there
10317 is no way for the user to pause the video.  Also, when I
10318 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/BrowserMultimedia">last
10319 tested the browser plugins</a> available in Debian, the VLC plugin
10320 failed on several video pages where mplayer based plugins worked.  If
10321 the browser plugin for VLC was as good as the gecko-mediaplayer
10322 package (which uses mplayer), we would switch.</P>
10323
10324 <p>While VLC is a good player, its user interface is slightly
10325 annoying.  The most annoying feature is its inconsistent use of
10326 keyboard shortcuts.  When the player is in full screen mode, its
10327 shortcuts are different from when it is playing the video in a window.
10328 For example, space only work as pause when in full screen mode.  I
10329 wish it had consisten shortcuts and that space also would work when in
10330 window mode.  Another nice shortcut in gmplayer is [enter] to restart
10331 the current video.  It is very nice when playing short videos from the
10332 web and want to restart it when new people arrive to have a look at
10333 what is going on.</p>
10334
10335       </div>
10336       <div class="tags">
10337
10338
10339         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
10340
10341
10342       </div>
10343     </div>
10344     <div class="padding"></div>
10345
10346     <div class="entry">
10347       <div class="title">
10348         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades_of_the_Gnome_and_KDE_desktop__now_with_apt_get_autoremove.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades of the Gnome and KDE desktop, now with apt-get autoremove</a>
10349       </div>
10350       <div class="date">
10351         22nd November 2010
10352       </div>
10353       <div class="body">
10354         <p>Michael Biebl suggested to me on IRC, that I changed my automated
10355 upgrade testing of the
10356 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">Lenny
10357 Gnome and KDE Desktop</a> to do <tt>apt-get autoremove</tt> when using apt-get.
10358 This seem like a very good idea, so I adjusted by test scripts and
10359 can now present the updated result from today:</p>
10360
10361 <p>This is for Gnome:</p>
10362
10363 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
10364
10365 <blockquote><p>
10366   apache2.2-bin
10367   aptdaemon
10368   baobab
10369   binfmt-support
10370   browser-plugin-gnash
10371   cheese-common
10372   cli-common
10373   cups-pk-helper
10374   dmz-cursor-theme
10375   empathy
10376   empathy-common
10377   freedesktop-sound-theme
10378   freeglut3
10379   gconf-defaults-service
10380   gdm-themes
10381   gedit-plugins
10382   geoclue
10383   geoclue-hostip
10384   geoclue-localnet
10385   geoclue-manual
10386   geoclue-yahoo
10387   gnash
10388   gnash-common
10389   gnome
10390   gnome-backgrounds
10391   gnome-cards-data
10392   gnome-codec-install
10393   gnome-core
10394   gnome-desktop-environment
10395   gnome-disk-utility
10396   gnome-screenshot
10397   gnome-search-tool
10398   gnome-session-canberra
10399   gnome-system-log
10400   gnome-themes-extras
10401   gnome-themes-more
10402   gnome-user-share
10403   gstreamer0.10-fluendo-mp3
10404   gstreamer0.10-tools
10405   gtk2-engines
10406   gtk2-engines-pixbuf
10407   gtk2-engines-smooth
10408   hamster-applet
10409   libapache2-mod-dnssd
10410   libapr1
10411   libaprutil1
10412   libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3
10413   libaprutil1-ldap
10414   libart2.0-cil
10415   libboost-date-time1.42.0
10416   libboost-python1.42.0
10417   libboost-thread1.42.0
10418   libchamplain-0.4-0
10419   libchamplain-gtk-0.4-0
10420   libcheese-gtk18
10421   libclutter-gtk-0.10-0
10422   libcryptui0
10423   libdiscid0
10424   libelf1
10425   libepc-1.0-2
10426   libepc-common
10427   libepc-ui-1.0-2
10428   libfreerdp-plugins-standard
10429   libfreerdp0
10430   libgconf2.0-cil
10431   libgdata-common
10432   libgdata7
10433   libgdu-gtk0
10434   libgee2
10435   libgeoclue0
10436   libgexiv2-0
10437   libgif4
10438   libglade2.0-cil
10439   libglib2.0-cil
10440   libgmime2.4-cil
10441   libgnome-vfs2.0-cil
10442   libgnome2.24-cil
10443   libgnomepanel2.24-cil
10444   libgpod-common
10445   libgpod4
10446   libgtk2.0-cil
10447   libgtkglext1
10448   libgtksourceview2.0-common
10449   libmono-addins-gui0.2-cil
10450   libmono-addins0.2-cil
10451   libmono-cairo2.0-cil
10452   libmono-corlib2.0-cil
10453   libmono-i18n-west2.0-cil
10454   libmono-posix2.0-cil
10455   libmono-security2.0-cil
10456   libmono-sharpzip2.84-cil
10457   libmono-system2.0-cil
10458   libmtp8
10459   libmusicbrainz3-6
10460   libndesk-dbus-glib1.0-cil
10461   libndesk-dbus1.0-cil
10462   libopal3.6.8
10463   libpolkit-gtk-1-0
10464   libpt2.6.7
10465   libpython2.6
10466   librpm1
10467   librpmio1
10468   libsdl1.2debian
10469   libsrtp0
10470   libssh-4
10471   libtelepathy-farsight0
10472   libtelepathy-glib0
10473   libtidy-0.99-0
10474   media-player-info
10475   mesa-utils
10476   mono-2.0-gac
10477   mono-gac
10478   mono-runtime
10479   nautilus-sendto
10480   nautilus-sendto-empathy
10481   p7zip-full
10482   pkg-config
10483   python-aptdaemon
10484   python-aptdaemon-gtk
10485   python-axiom
10486   python-beautifulsoup
10487   python-bugbuddy
10488   python-clientform
10489   python-coherence
10490   python-configobj
10491   python-crypto
10492   python-cupshelpers
10493   python-elementtree
10494   python-epsilon
10495   python-evolution
10496   python-feedparser
10497   python-gdata
10498   python-gdbm
10499   python-gst0.10
10500   python-gtkglext1
10501   python-gtksourceview2
10502   python-httplib2
10503   python-louie
10504   python-mako
10505   python-markupsafe
10506   python-mechanize
10507   python-nevow
10508   python-notify
10509   python-opengl
10510   python-openssl
10511   python-pam
10512   python-pkg-resources
10513   python-pyasn1
10514   python-pysqlite2
10515   python-rdflib
10516   python-serial
10517   python-tagpy
10518   python-twisted-bin
10519   python-twisted-conch
10520   python-twisted-core
10521   python-twisted-web
10522   python-utidylib
10523   python-webkit
10524   python-xdg
10525   python-zope.interface
10526   remmina
10527   remmina-plugin-data
10528   remmina-plugin-rdp
10529   remmina-plugin-vnc
10530   rhythmbox-plugin-cdrecorder
10531   rhythmbox-plugins
10532   rpm-common
10533   rpm2cpio
10534   seahorse-plugins
10535   shotwell
10536   software-center
10537   system-config-printer-udev
10538   telepathy-gabble
10539   telepathy-mission-control-5
10540   telepathy-salut
10541   tomboy
10542   totem
10543   totem-coherence
10544   totem-mozilla
10545   totem-plugins
10546   transmission-common
10547   xdg-user-dirs
10548   xdg-user-dirs-gtk
10549   xserver-xephyr
10550 </p></blockquote>
10551
10552 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
10553
10554 <blockquote><p>
10555   cheese
10556   ekiga
10557   eog
10558   epiphany-extensions
10559   evolution-exchange
10560   fast-user-switch-applet
10561   file-roller
10562   gcalctool
10563   gconf-editor
10564   gdm
10565   gedit
10566   gedit-common
10567   gnome-games
10568   gnome-games-data
10569   gnome-nettool
10570   gnome-system-tools
10571   gnome-themes
10572   gnuchess
10573   gucharmap
10574   guile-1.8-libs
10575   libavahi-ui0
10576   libdmx1
10577   libgalago3
10578   libgtk-vnc-1.0-0
10579   libgtksourceview2.0-0
10580   liblircclient0
10581   libsdl1.2debian-alsa
10582   libspeexdsp1
10583   libsvga1
10584   rhythmbox
10585   seahorse
10586   sound-juicer
10587   system-config-printer
10588   totem-common
10589   transmission-gtk
10590   vinagre
10591   vino
10592 </p></blockquote>
10593
10594 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
10595
10596 <blockquote><p>
10597   gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
10598 </p></blockquote>
10599
10600 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
10601
10602 <blockquote><p>
10603 [nothing]
10604 </p></blockquote>
10605
10606 <p>This is for KDE:</p>
10607
10608 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
10609
10610 <blockquote><p>
10611   ksmserver
10612 </p></blockquote>
10613
10614 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
10615
10616 <blockquote><p>
10617   kwin
10618   network-manager-kde
10619 </p></blockquote>
10620
10621 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
10622
10623 <blockquote><p>
10624   arts
10625   dolphin
10626   freespacenotifier
10627   google-gadgets-gst
10628   google-gadgets-xul
10629   kappfinder
10630   kcalc
10631   kcharselect
10632   kde-core
10633   kde-plasma-desktop
10634   kde-standard
10635   kde-window-manager
10636   kdeartwork
10637   kdeartwork-emoticons
10638   kdeartwork-style
10639   kdeartwork-theme-icon
10640   kdebase
10641   kdebase-apps
10642   kdebase-workspace
10643   kdebase-workspace-bin
10644   kdebase-workspace-data
10645   kdeeject
10646   kdelibs
10647   kdeplasma-addons
10648   kdeutils
10649   kdewallpapers
10650   kdf
10651   kfloppy
10652   kgpg
10653   khelpcenter4
10654   kinfocenter
10655   konq-plugins-l10n
10656   konqueror-nsplugins
10657   kscreensaver
10658   kscreensaver-xsavers
10659   ktimer
10660   kwrite
10661   libgle3
10662   libkde4-ruby1.8
10663   libkonq5
10664   libkonq5-templates
10665   libnetpbm10
10666   libplasma-ruby
10667   libplasma-ruby1.8
10668   libqt4-ruby1.8
10669   marble-data
10670   marble-plugins
10671   netpbm
10672   nuvola-icon-theme
10673   plasma-dataengines-workspace
10674   plasma-desktop
10675   plasma-desktopthemes-artwork
10676   plasma-runners-addons
10677   plasma-scriptengine-googlegadgets
10678   plasma-scriptengine-python
10679   plasma-scriptengine-qedje
10680   plasma-scriptengine-ruby
10681   plasma-scriptengine-webkit
10682   plasma-scriptengines
10683   plasma-wallpapers-addons
10684   plasma-widget-folderview
10685   plasma-widget-networkmanagement
10686   ruby
10687   sweeper
10688   update-notifier-kde
10689   xscreensaver-data-extra
10690   xscreensaver-gl
10691   xscreensaver-gl-extra
10692   xscreensaver-screensaver-bsod
10693 </p></blockquote>
10694
10695 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
10696
10697 <blockquote><p>
10698   ark
10699   google-gadgets-common
10700   google-gadgets-qt
10701   htdig
10702   kate
10703   kdebase-bin
10704   kdebase-data
10705   kdepasswd
10706   kfind
10707   klipper
10708   konq-plugins
10709   konqueror
10710   ksysguard
10711   ksysguardd
10712   libarchive1
10713   libcln6
10714   libeet1
10715   libeina-svn-06
10716   libggadget-1.0-0b
10717   libggadget-qt-1.0-0b
10718   libgps19
10719   libkdecorations4
10720   libkephal4
10721   libkonq4
10722   libkonqsidebarplugin4a
10723   libkscreensaver5
10724   libksgrd4
10725   libksignalplotter4
10726   libkunitconversion4
10727   libkwineffects1a
10728   libmarblewidget4
10729   libntrack-qt4-1
10730   libntrack0
10731   libplasma-geolocation-interface4
10732   libplasmaclock4a
10733   libplasmagenericshell4
10734   libprocesscore4a
10735   libprocessui4a
10736   libqalculate5
10737   libqedje0a
10738   libqtruby4shared2
10739   libqzion0a
10740   libruby1.8
10741   libscim8c2a
10742   libsmokekdecore4-3
10743   libsmokekdeui4-3
10744   libsmokekfile3
10745   libsmokekhtml3
10746   libsmokekio3
10747   libsmokeknewstuff2-3
10748   libsmokeknewstuff3-3
10749   libsmokekparts3
10750   libsmokektexteditor3
10751   libsmokekutils3
10752   libsmokenepomuk3
10753   libsmokephonon3
10754   libsmokeplasma3
10755   libsmokeqtcore4-3
10756   libsmokeqtdbus4-3
10757   libsmokeqtgui4-3
10758   libsmokeqtnetwork4-3
10759   libsmokeqtopengl4-3
10760   libsmokeqtscript4-3
10761   libsmokeqtsql4-3
10762   libsmokeqtsvg4-3
10763   libsmokeqttest4-3
10764   libsmokeqtuitools4-3
10765   libsmokeqtwebkit4-3
10766   libsmokeqtxml4-3
10767   libsmokesolid3
10768   libsmokesoprano3
10769   libtaskmanager4a
10770   libtidy-0.99-0
10771   libweather-ion4a
10772   libxklavier16
10773   libxxf86misc1
10774   okteta
10775   oxygencursors
10776   plasma-dataengines-addons
10777   plasma-scriptengine-superkaramba
10778   plasma-widget-lancelot
10779   plasma-widgets-addons
10780   plasma-widgets-workspace
10781   polkit-kde-1
10782   ruby1.8
10783   systemsettings
10784   update-notifier-common
10785 </p></blockquote>
10786
10787 <p>Running apt-get autoremove made the results using apt-get and
10788 aptitude a bit more similar, but there are still quite a lott of
10789 differences.  I have no idea what packages should be installed after
10790 the upgrade, but hope those that do can have a look.</p>
10791
10792       </div>
10793       <div class="tags">
10794
10795
10796         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
10797
10798
10799       </div>
10800     </div>
10801     <div class="padding"></div>
10802
10803     <div class="entry">
10804       <div class="title">
10805         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Migrating_Xen_virtual_machines_using_LVM_to_KVM_using_disk_images.html">Migrating Xen virtual machines using LVM to KVM using disk images</a>
10806       </div>
10807       <div class="date">
10808         22nd November 2010
10809       </div>
10810       <div class="body">
10811         <p>Most of the computers in use by the
10812 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux project</a>
10813 are virtual machines.  And they have been Xen machines running on a
10814 fairly old IBM eserver xseries 345 machine, and we wanted to migrate
10815 them to KVM on a newer Dell PowerEdge 2950 host machine.  This was a
10816 bit harder that it could have been, because we set up the Xen virtual
10817 machines to get the virtual partitions from LVM, which as far as I
10818 know is not supported by KVM.  So to migrate, we had to convert
10819 several LVM logical volumes to partitions on a virtual disk file.</p>
10820
10821 <p>I found
10822 <a href="http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com.au/articles/35011-Six-steps-for-migrating-Xen-virtual-machines-to-KVM">a
10823 nice recipe</a> to do this, and wrote the following script to do the
10824 migration.  It uses qemu-img from the qemu package to make the disk
10825 image, parted to partition it, losetup and kpartx to present the disk
10826 image partions as devices, and dd to copy the data.  I NFS mounted the
10827 new servers storage area on the old server to do the migration.</p>
10828
10829 <pre>
10830 #!/bin/sh
10831
10832 # Based on
10833 # http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com.au/articles/35011-Six-steps-for-migrating-Xen-virtual-machines-to-KVM
10834
10835 set -e
10836 set -x
10837
10838 if [ -z "$1" ] ; then
10839     echo "Usage: $0 &lt;hostname&gt;"
10840     exit 1
10841 else
10842     host="$1"
10843 fi
10844
10845 if [ ! -e /dev/vg_data/$host-disk ] ; then
10846     echo "error: unable to find LVM volume for $host"
10847     exit 1
10848 fi
10849
10850 # Partitions need to be a bit bigger than the LVM LVs.  not sure why.
10851 disksize=$( lvs --units m | grep $host-disk | awk '{sum = sum + $4} END { print int(sum * 1.05) }')
10852 swapsize=$( lvs --units m | grep $host-swap | awk '{sum = sum + $4} END { print int(sum * 1.05) }')
10853 totalsize=$(( ( $disksize + $swapsize ) ))
10854
10855 img=$host.img
10856 #dd if=/dev/zero of=$img bs=1M count=$(( $disksize + $swapsize ))
10857 qemu-img create $img ${totalsize}MMaking room on the Debian Edu/Sqeeze DVD
10858
10859 parted $img mklabel msdos
10860 parted $img mkpart primary linux-swap 0 $disksize
10861 parted $img mkpart primary ext2 $disksize $totalsize
10862 parted $img set 1 boot on
10863
10864 modprobe dm-mod
10865 losetup /dev/loop0 $img
10866 kpartx -a /dev/loop0
10867
10868 dd if=/dev/vg_data/$host-disk of=/dev/mapper/loop0p1 bs=1M
10869 fsck.ext3 -f /dev/mapper/loop0p1 || true
10870 mkswap /dev/mapper/loop0p2
10871
10872 kpartx -d /dev/loop0
10873 losetup -d /dev/loop0
10874 </pre>
10875
10876 <p>The script is perhaps so simple that it is not copyrightable, but
10877 if it is, it is licenced using GPL v2 or later at your discretion.</p>
10878
10879 <p>After doing this, I booted a Debian CD in rescue mode in KVM with
10880 the new disk image attached, installed grub-pc and linux-image-686 and
10881 set up grub to boot from the disk image.  After this, the KVM machines
10882 seem to work just fine.</p>
10883
10884       </div>
10885       <div class="tags">
10886
10887
10888         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
10889
10890
10891       </div>
10892     </div>
10893     <div class="padding"></div>
10894
10895     <div class="entry">
10896       <div class="title">
10897         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__apt_vs_aptitude_with_the_Gnome_and_KDE_desktop.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, apt vs aptitude with the Gnome and KDE desktop</a>
10898       </div>
10899       <div class="date">
10900         20th November 2010
10901       </div>
10902       <div class="body">
10903         <p>I'm still running upgrade testing of the
10904 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">Lenny
10905 Gnome and KDE Desktop</a>, but have not had time to spend on reporting the
10906 status.  Here is a short update based on a test I ran 20101118.</p>
10907
10908 <p>I still do not know what a correct migration should look like, so I
10909 report any differences between apt and aptitude and hope someone else
10910 can see if anything should be changed.</p>
10911
10912 <p>This is for Gnome:</p>
10913
10914 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
10915
10916 <blockquote><p>
10917   apache2.2-bin aptdaemon at-spi baobab binfmt-support
10918   browser-plugin-gnash cheese-common cli-common cpp-4.3 cups-pk-helper
10919   dmz-cursor-theme empathy empathy-common finger
10920   freedesktop-sound-theme freeglut3 gconf-defaults-service gdm-themes
10921   gedit-plugins geoclue geoclue-hostip geoclue-localnet geoclue-manual
10922   geoclue-yahoo gnash gnash-common gnome gnome-backgrounds
10923   gnome-cards-data gnome-codec-install gnome-core
10924   gnome-desktop-environment gnome-disk-utility gnome-screenshot
10925   gnome-search-tool gnome-session-canberra gnome-spell
10926   gnome-system-log gnome-themes-extras gnome-themes-more
10927   gnome-user-share gs-common gstreamer0.10-fluendo-mp3
10928   gstreamer0.10-tools gtk2-engines gtk2-engines-pixbuf
10929   gtk2-engines-smooth hal-info hamster-applet libapache2-mod-dnssd
10930   libapr1 libaprutil1 libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 libaprutil1-ldap
10931   libart2.0-cil libatspi1.0-0 libboost-date-time1.42.0
10932   libboost-python1.42.0 libboost-thread1.42.0 libchamplain-0.4-0
10933   libchamplain-gtk-0.4-0 libcheese-gtk18 libclutter-gtk-0.10-0
10934   libcryptui0 libcupsys2 libdiscid0 libeel2-data libelf1 libepc-1.0-2
10935   libepc-common libepc-ui-1.0-2 libfreerdp-plugins-standard
10936   libfreerdp0 libgail-common libgconf2.0-cil libgdata-common libgdata7
10937   libgdl-1-common libgdu-gtk0 libgee2 libgeoclue0 libgexiv2-0 libgif4
10938   libglade2.0-cil libglib2.0-cil libgmime2.4-cil libgnome-vfs2.0-cil
10939   libgnome2.24-cil libgnomepanel2.24-cil libgnomeprint2.2-data
10940   libgnomeprintui2.2-common libgnomevfs2-bin libgpod-common libgpod4
10941   libgtk2.0-cil libgtkglext1 libgtksourceview-common
10942   libgtksourceview2.0-common libmono-addins-gui0.2-cil
10943   libmono-addins0.2-cil libmono-cairo2.0-cil libmono-corlib2.0-cil
10944   libmono-i18n-west2.0-cil libmono-posix2.0-cil
10945   libmono-security2.0-cil libmono-sharpzip2.84-cil
10946   libmono-system2.0-cil libmtp8 libmusicbrainz3-6
10947   libndesk-dbus-glib1.0-cil libndesk-dbus1.0-cil libopal3.6.8
10948   libpolkit-gtk-1-0 libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa
10949   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libpt2.6.7 libpython2.6 librpm1 librpmio1
10950   libsdl1.2debian libservlet2.4-java libsrtp0 libssh-4
10951   libtelepathy-farsight0 libtelepathy-glib0 libtidy-0.99-0
10952   libxalan2-java libxerces2-java media-player-info mesa-utils
10953   mono-2.0-gac mono-gac mono-runtime nautilus-sendto
10954   nautilus-sendto-empathy openoffice.org-writer2latex
10955   openssl-blacklist p7zip p7zip-full pkg-config python-4suite-xml
10956   python-aptdaemon python-aptdaemon-gtk python-axiom
10957   python-beautifulsoup python-bugbuddy python-clientform
10958   python-coherence python-configobj python-crypto python-cupshelpers
10959   python-cupsutils python-eggtrayicon python-elementtree
10960   python-epsilon python-evolution python-feedparser python-gdata
10961   python-gdbm python-gst0.10 python-gtkglext1 python-gtkmozembed
10962   python-gtksourceview2 python-httplib2 python-louie python-mako
10963   python-markupsafe python-mechanize python-nevow python-notify
10964   python-opengl python-openssl python-pam python-pkg-resources
10965   python-pyasn1 python-pysqlite2 python-rdflib python-serial
10966   python-tagpy python-twisted-bin python-twisted-conch
10967   python-twisted-core python-twisted-web python-utidylib python-webkit
10968   python-xdg python-zope.interface remmina remmina-plugin-data
10969   remmina-plugin-rdp remmina-plugin-vnc rhythmbox-plugin-cdrecorder
10970   rhythmbox-plugins rpm-common rpm2cpio seahorse-plugins shotwell
10971   software-center svgalibg1 system-config-printer-udev
10972   telepathy-gabble telepathy-mission-control-5 telepathy-salut tomboy
10973   totem totem-coherence totem-mozilla totem-plugins
10974   transmission-common xdg-user-dirs xdg-user-dirs-gtk xserver-xephyr
10975   zip
10976 </p></blockquote>
10977
10978 Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude
10979
10980 <blockquote><p>
10981   arj bluez-utils cheese dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop ekiga eog
10982   epiphany-extensions epiphany-gecko evolution-exchange
10983   fast-user-switch-applet file-roller gcalctool gconf-editor gdm gedit
10984   gedit-common gnome-app-install gnome-games gnome-games-data
10985   gnome-nettool gnome-system-tools gnome-themes gnome-utils
10986   gnome-vfs-obexftp gnome-volume-manager gnuchess gucharmap
10987   guile-1.8-libs hal libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5
10988   libavahi-ui0 libbind9-50 libbluetooth2 libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7
10989   libcucul0 libcurl3 libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdmx1 libdvdread3
10990   libedata-cal1.2-6 libedataserver1.2-9 libeel2-2.20 libepc-1.0-1
10991   libepc-ui-1.0-1 libexchange-storage1.2-3 libfaad0 libgadu3
10992   libgalago3 libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libggz2 libggzcore9
10993   libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0 libgnome-desktop-2
10994   libgnome-pilot2 libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomeprint2.2-0
10995   libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtk-vnc-1.0-0
10996   libgtkhtml2-0 libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgtksourceview2.0-0
10997   libgucharmap6 libhesiod0 libicu38 libisccc50 libisccfg50 libiw29
10998   libjaxp1.3-java-gcj libkpathsea4 liblircclient0 libltdl3 liblwres50
10999   libmagick++10 libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmozjs1d libmpfr1ldbl libmtp7
11000   libmysqlclient15off libnautilus-burn4 libneon27 libnm-glib0
11001   libnm-util0 libopal-2.2 libosp5 libparted1.8-10 libpisock9
11002   libpisync1 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3 libpt-1.10.10 libraw1394-8
11003   libsdl1.2debian-alsa libsensors3 libsexy2 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8
11004   libspeexdsp1 libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libsvga1
11005   libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1 libtotem-plparser10 libtrackerclient0
11006   libvoikko1 libxalan2-java-gcj libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12
11007   libxtrap6 libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3 mysql-common rhythmbox seahorse
11008   sound-juicer swfdec-gnome system-config-printer totem-common
11009   totem-gstreamer transmission-gtk vinagre vino w3c-dtd-xhtml wodim
11010 </p></blockquote>
11011
11012 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
11013
11014 <blockquote><p>
11015   gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
11016 </p></blockquote>
11017
11018 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
11019
11020 <blockquote><p>
11021 [nothing]
11022 </p></blockquote>
11023
11024 <p>This is for KDE:</p>
11025
11026 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
11027
11028 <blockquote><p>
11029   autopoint bomber bovo cantor cantor-backend-kalgebra cpp-4.3 dcoprss
11030   edict espeak espeak-data eyesapplet fifteenapplet finger gettext
11031   ghostscript-x git gnome-audio gnugo granatier gs-common
11032   gstreamer0.10-pulseaudio indi kaddressbook-plugins kalgebra
11033   kalzium-data kanjidic kapman kate-plugins kblocks kbreakout kbstate
11034   kde-icons-mono kdeaccessibility kdeaddons-kfile-plugins
11035   kdeadmin-kfile-plugins kdeartwork-misc kdeartwork-theme-window
11036   kdeedu kdeedu-data kdeedu-kvtml-data kdegames kdegames-card-data
11037   kdegames-mahjongg-data kdegraphics-kfile-plugins kdelirc
11038   kdemultimedia-kfile-plugins kdenetwork-kfile-plugins
11039   kdepim-kfile-plugins kdepim-kio-plugins kdessh kdetoys kdewebdev
11040   kdiamond kdnssd kfilereplace kfourinline kgeography-data kigo
11041   killbots kiriki klettres-data kmoon kmrml knewsticker-scripts
11042   kollision kpf krosspython ksirk ksmserver ksquares kstars-data
11043   ksudoku kubrick kweather libasound2-plugins libboost-python1.42.0
11044   libcfitsio3 libconvert-binhex-perl libcrypt-ssleay-perl libdb4.6++
11045   libdjvulibre-text libdotconf1.0 liberror-perl libespeak1
11046   libfinance-quote-perl libgail-common libgsl0ldbl libhtml-parser-perl
11047   libhtml-tableextract-perl libhtml-tagset-perl libhtml-tree-perl
11048   libio-stringy-perl libkdeedu4 libkdegames5 libkiten4 libkpathsea5
11049   libkrossui4 libmailtools-perl libmime-tools-perl
11050   libnews-nntpclient-perl libopenbabel3 libportaudio2 libpulse-browse0
11051   libservlet2.4-java libspeechd2 libtiff-tools libtimedate-perl
11052   libunistring0 liburi-perl libwww-perl libxalan2-java libxerces2-java
11053   lirc luatex marble networkstatus noatun-plugins
11054   openoffice.org-writer2latex palapeli palapeli-data parley
11055   parley-data poster psutils pulseaudio pulseaudio-esound-compat
11056   pulseaudio-module-x11 pulseaudio-utils quanta-data rocs rsync
11057   speech-dispatcher step svgalibg1 texlive-binaries texlive-luatex
11058   ttf-sazanami-gothic
11059 </p></blockquote>
11060
11061 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
11062
11063 <blockquote><p>
11064   amor artsbuilder atlantik atlantikdesigner blinken bluez-utils cvs
11065   dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop imlib-base imlib11 kalzium kanagram kandy
11066   kasteroids katomic kbackgammon kbattleship kblackbox kbounce kbruch
11067   kcron kdat kdemultimedia-kappfinder-data kdeprint kdict kdvi kedit
11068   keduca kenolaba kfax kfaxview kfouleggs kgeography kghostview
11069   kgoldrunner khangman khexedit kiconedit kig kimagemapeditor
11070   kitchensync kiten kjumpingcube klatin klettres klickety klines
11071   klinkstatus kmag kmahjongg kmailcvt kmenuedit kmid kmilo kmines
11072   kmousetool kmouth kmplot knetwalk kodo kolf kommander konquest kooka
11073   kpager kpat kpdf kpercentage kpilot kpoker kpovmodeler krec
11074   kregexpeditor kreversi ksame ksayit kshisen ksig ksim ksirc ksirtet
11075   ksmiletris ksnake ksokoban kspaceduel kstars ksvg ksysv kteatime
11076   ktip ktnef ktouch ktron kttsd ktuberling kturtle ktux kuickshow
11077   kverbos kview kviewshell kvoctrain kwifimanager kwin kwin4 kwordquiz
11078   kworldclock kxsldbg libakode2 libarts1-akode libarts1-audiofile
11079   libarts1-mpeglib libarts1-xine libavahi-compat-libdnssd1
11080   libavahi-core5 libavc1394-0 libbind9-50 libbluetooth2
11081   libboost-python1.34.1 libcucul0 libcurl3 libcvsservice0
11082   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdjvulibre21 libdvdread3 libfaad0 libfreebob0
11083   libgd2-noxpm libgraphviz4 libgsmme1c2a libgtkhtml2-0 libicu38
11084   libiec61883-0 libindex0 libisccc50 libisccfg50 libiw29
11085   libjaxp1.3-java-gcj libk3b3 libkcal2b libkcddb1 libkdeedu3
11086   libkdegames1 libkdepim1a libkgantt0 libkleopatra1 libkmime2
11087   libkpathsea4 libkpimexchange1 libkpimidentities1 libkscan1
11088   libksieve0 libktnef1 liblockdev1 libltdl3 liblwres50 libmagick10
11089   libmimelib1c2a libmodplug0c2 libmozjs1d libmpcdec3 libmpfr1ldbl
11090   libneon27 libnm-util0 libopensync0 libpisock9 libpoppler-glib3
11091   libpoppler-qt2 libpoppler3 libraw1394-8 librss1 libsensors3
11092   libsmbios2 libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90
11093   libtalloc1 libxalan2-java-gcj libxerces2-java-gcj libxtrap6 lskat
11094   mpeglib network-manager-kde noatun pmount tex-common texlive-base
11095   texlive-common texlive-doc-base texlive-fonts-recommended tidy
11096   ttf-dustin ttf-kochi-gothic ttf-sjfonts
11097 </p></blockquote>
11098
11099 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
11100
11101 <blockquote><p>
11102   dolphin kde-core kde-plasma-desktop kde-standard kde-window-manager
11103   kdeartwork kdebase kdebase-apps kdebase-workspace
11104   kdebase-workspace-bin kdebase-workspace-data kdeutils kscreensaver
11105   kscreensaver-xsavers libgle3 libkonq5 libkonq5-templates libnetpbm10
11106   netpbm plasma-widget-folderview plasma-widget-networkmanagement
11107   xscreensaver-data-extra xscreensaver-gl xscreensaver-gl-extra
11108   xscreensaver-screensaver-bsod
11109 </p></blockquote>
11110
11111 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
11112
11113 <blockquote><p>
11114   kdebase-bin konq-plugins konqueror
11115 </p></blockquote>
11116
11117       </div>
11118       <div class="tags">
11119
11120
11121         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
11122
11123
11124       </div>
11125     </div>
11126     <div class="padding"></div>
11127
11128     <div class="entry">
11129       <div class="title">
11130         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gnash_buildbot_slave_and_Debian_kfreebsd.html">Gnash buildbot slave and Debian kfreebsd</a>
11131       </div>
11132       <div class="date">
11133         20th November 2010
11134       </div>
11135       <div class="body">
11136         <p>Answering
11137 <a href="http://www.listware.net/201011/gnash-dev/67431-gnash-dev-buildbot-looking-for-slaves.html">the
11138 call from the Gnash project</a> for
11139 <a href="http://www.gnashdev.org:8010">buildbot</a> slaves to test the
11140 current source, I have set up a virtual KVM machine on the Debian
11141 Edu/Skolelinux virtualization host to test the git source on
11142 Debian/Squeeze.  I hope this can help the developers in getting new
11143 releases out more often.</p>
11144
11145 <p>As the developers want less main-stream build platforms tested to,
11146 I have considered setting up a <a
11147 href="http://www.debian.org/ports/kfreebsd-gnu/">Debian/kfreebsd</a>
11148 machine as well.  I have also considered using the kfreebsd
11149 architecture in Debian as a file server in NUUG to get access to the 5
11150 TB zfs volume we currently use to store DV video.  Because of this, I
11151 finally got around to do a test installation of Debian/Squeeze with
11152 kfreebsd.  Installation went fairly smooth, thought I noticed some
11153 visual glitches in the cdebconf dialogs (black cursor left on the
11154 screen at random locations).  Have not gotten very far with the
11155 testing.  Noticed cfdisk did not work, but fdisk did so it was not a
11156 fatal problem.  Have to spend some more time on it to see if it is
11157 useful as a file server for NUUG.  Will try to find time to set up a
11158 gnash buildbot slave on the Debian Edu/Skolelinux this weekend.</p>
11159
11160       </div>
11161       <div class="tags">
11162
11163
11164         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11165
11166
11167       </div>
11168     </div>
11169     <div class="padding"></div>
11170
11171     <div class="entry">
11172       <div class="title">
11173         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Making_room_on_the_Debian_Edu_Sqeeze_DVD.html">Making room on the Debian Edu/Sqeeze DVD</a>
11174       </div>
11175       <div class="date">
11176          7th November 2010
11177       </div>
11178       <div class="body">
11179         <p>Prioritising packages for the Debian Edu /
11180 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> DVD, which is
11181 supposed provide a school with all the services and user applications
11182 needed on the pupils computer network has always been hard.  Even
11183 schools without Internet connections should be able to get Debian Edu
11184 working using this DVD.</p>
11185
11186 <p>The job became a lot harder when apt and aptitude started
11187 installing recommended packages by default.  We want the same set of
11188 packages to be installed when using the DVD and the netinst CD, and
11189 that means all recommended packages need to be on the DVD.  I created
11190 a patch for debian-cd in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/601203">BTS
11191 report #601203</a> to do this, and since this change was applied to
11192 the Debian Edu DVD build, we have been seriously short on space.</p>
11193
11194 <p>A few days ago we decided to drop blender, wxmaxima and kicad from
11195 the default installation to save space on the DVD, believing that
11196 those needing these applications are few and can get them from the
11197 Debian archive.</p>
11198
11199 <p>Yesterday, I had a look what source packages to see which packages
11200 were using most space.  A few large packages are well know;
11201 openoffice.org, openclipart and fluid-soundfont.  But I also
11202 discovered that lilypond used 106 MiB and fglrx-driver used 53 MiB.
11203 The lilypond package is pulled in as a dependency for rosegarden, and
11204 when looking a bit closer I discovered that 99 MiB of the 106 MiB were
11205 the documentation package, which is recommended by the binary package.
11206 I decided to drop this documentation package from our DVD, as most of
11207 our users will use the GUI front-ends and do not need the lilypond
11208 documentation.  Similarly, I dropped the non-free fglrx-driver package
11209 which might be installed by d-i when its hardware is detected, as the
11210 free X driver should work.</p>
11211
11212 <p>With this change, we finally got space for the LXDE and Gnome
11213 desktop packages as well as the language specific packages making the
11214 DVD more useful again.</p>
11215
11216       </div>
11217       <div class="tags">
11218
11219
11220         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11221
11222
11223       </div>
11224     </div>
11225     <div class="padding"></div>
11226
11227     <div class="entry">
11228       <div class="title">
11229         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Software_updates_2010_10_24.html">Software updates 2010-10-24</a>
11230       </div>
11231       <div class="date">
11232         24th October 2010
11233       </div>
11234       <div class="body">
11235         <p>Some updates.</p>
11236
11237 <p>My <a href="http://pledgebank.com/gnash-avm2">gnash pledge</a> to
11238 raise money for the project is going well.  The lower limit of 10
11239 signers was reached in 24 hours, and so far 13 people have signed it.
11240 More signers and more funding is most welcome, and I am really curious
11241 how far we can get before the time limit of December 24 is reached.
11242 :)</p>
11243
11244 <p>On the #gnash IRC channel on irc.freenode.net, I was just tipped
11245 about what appear to be a great code coverage tool capable of
11246 generating code coverage stats without any changes to the source code.
11247 It is called
11248 <a href="http://simonkagstrom.github.com/kcov/index.html">kcov</a>,
11249 and can be used using <tt>kcov &lt;directory&gt; &lt;binary&gt;</tt>.
11250 It is missing in Debian, but the git source built just fine in Squeeze
11251 after I installed libelf-dev, libdwarf-dev, pkg-config and
11252 libglib2.0-dev.  Failed to build in Lenny, but suspect that is
11253 solvable.  I hope kcov make it into Debian soon.</p>
11254
11255 <p>Finally found time to wrap up the release notes for <a
11256 href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2010/10/msg00002.html">a
11257 new alpha release of Debian Edu</a>, and just published the second
11258 alpha test release of the Squeeze based Debian Edu /
11259 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>
11260 release.  Give it a try if you need a complete linux solution for your
11261 school, including central infrastructure server, workstations, thin
11262 client servers and diskless workstations.  A nice touch added
11263 yesterday is RDP support on the thin client servers, for windows
11264 clients to get a Linux desktop on request.</p>
11265
11266       </div>
11267       <div class="tags">
11268
11269
11270         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>.
11271
11272
11273       </div>
11274     </div>
11275     <div class="padding"></div>
11276
11277     <div class="entry">
11278       <div class="title">
11279         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Some_notes_on_Flash_in_Debian_and_Debian_Edu.html">Some notes on Flash in Debian and Debian Edu</a>
11280       </div>
11281       <div class="date">
11282          4th September 2010
11283       </div>
11284       <div class="body">
11285         <p>In the <a href="http://popcon.debian.org/unknown/by_vote">Debian
11286 popularity-contest numbers</a>, the adobe-flashplugin package the
11287 second most popular used package that is missing in Debian.  The sixth
11288 most popular is flashplayer-mozilla.  This is a clear indication that
11289 working flash is important for Debian users.  Around 10 percent of the
11290 users submitting data to popcon.debian.org have this package
11291 installed.</p>
11292
11293 <p>In the report written by Lars Risan in August 2008
11294 («<a href="http://wiki.skolelinux.no/Dokumentasjon/Rapporter?action=AttachFile&do=view&target=Skolelinux_i_bruk_rapport_1.0.pdf">Skolelinux
11295 i bruk – Rapport for Hurum kommune, Universitetet i Agder og
11296 stiftelsen SLX Debian Labs</a>»), one of the most important problems
11297 schools experienced with <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian
11298 Edu/Skolelinux</a> was the lack of working Flash.  A lot of educational
11299 web sites require Flash to work, and lacking working Flash support in
11300 the web browser and the problems with installing it was perceived as a
11301 good reason to stay with Windows.</p>
11302
11303 <p>I once saw a funny and sad comment in a web forum, where Linux was
11304 said to be the retarded cousin that did not really understand
11305 everything you told him but could work fairly well.  This was a
11306 comment regarding the problems Linux have with proprietary formats and
11307 non-standard web pages, and is sad because it exposes a fairly common
11308 understanding of whose fault it is if web pages that only work in for
11309 example Internet Explorer 6 fail to work on Firefox, and funny because
11310 it explain very well how annoying it is for users when Linux
11311 distributions do not work with the documents they receive or the web
11312 pages they want to visit.</p>
11313
11314 <p>This is part of the reason why I believe it is important for Debian
11315 and Debian Edu to have a well working Flash implementation in the
11316 distribution, to get at least popular sites as Youtube and Google
11317 Video to working out of the box.  For Squeeze, Debian have the chance
11318 to include the latest version of Gnash that will make this happen, as
11319 the new release 0.8.8 was published a few weeks ago and is resting in
11320 unstable.  The new version work with more sites that version 0.8.7.
11321 The Gnash maintainers have asked for a freeze exception, but the
11322 release team have not had time to reply to it yet.  I hope they agree
11323 with me that Flash is important for the Debian desktop users, and thus
11324 accept the new package into Squeeze.</p>
11325
11326       </div>
11327       <div class="tags">
11328
11329
11330         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
11331
11332
11333       </div>
11334     </div>
11335     <div class="padding"></div>
11336
11337     <div class="entry">
11338       <div class="title">
11339         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_hard_link_handling_with_sshfs.html">Broken hard link handling with sshfs</a>
11340       </div>
11341       <div class="date">
11342         30th August 2010
11343       </div>
11344       <div class="body">
11345         <p>Just got an email from Tobias Gruetzmacher as a followup on my
11346 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_umask_handling_with_sshfs.html">previous
11347 post about sshfs</a>.  He reported another problem with sshfs.  It
11348 fail to handle hard links properly.  A simple way to spot this is to
11349 look at the . and .. entries in the directory tree.  These should have
11350 a link count >1, but on sshfs the count is 1.  I just tested to see
11351 what happen when trying to hardlink, and this fail as well:</p>
11352
11353 <pre>
11354 % ln foo bar
11355 ln: creating hard link `bar' => `foo': Function not implemented
11356 %
11357 </pre>
11358
11359 <p>I have not yet found time to implement a test for this in my file
11360 system test code, but believe having working hard links is useful to
11361 avoid surprised unix programs.  Not as useful as working file locking
11362 and symlinks, which are required to get a working desktop, but useful
11363 nevertheless. :)</p>
11364
11365 <p>The latest version of the file system test code is available via
11366 git from
11367 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a></p>
11368
11369       </div>
11370       <div class="tags">
11371
11372
11373         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11374
11375
11376       </div>
11377     </div>
11378     <div class="padding"></div>
11379
11380     <div class="entry">
11381       <div class="title">
11382         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_i_Osloskolen.html">Skolelinux i Osloskolen</a>
11383       </div>
11384       <div class="date">
11385         26th August 2010
11386       </div>
11387       <div class="body">
11388         <p>Denne høsten skal endelig alle Osloskolene få mulighet til å bruke
11389 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>.  Ny IT-løsning
11390 har vært rullet ut i noen måneder nå, og så vidt jeg fikk vite før
11391 sommeren skulle alle skoler ha nytt opplegg på plass før oppstart nå i
11392 høst.  På alle skolene skal en kunne velge ved installasjon om en skal
11393 ha Windows eller Skolelinux på maskinene, og en kan i tillegg
11394 PXE-boote maskinene over nett som tynne klienter eller diskløse
11395 arbeidsstasjoner. Jeg er spent på hvor mange skoler som velger å ta i
11396 bruk Skolelinux, og gleder meg til å se hvordan dette utvikler seg.
11397 Løsningen leveres av
11398 <a href="http://www.logica.no/">Logica</a> med
11399 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a> som
11400 underleverandør, og jeg har vært involvert i utviklingen av løsningen
11401 via Skolelinux Drift AS siden prosjektet starter.  Jeg synes det er
11402 fantastisk at Skolelinux er kommet så langt siden vi startet i 2001 at
11403 alle elevene i Osloskolene nå skal få mulighet til å bruke
11404 løsningen.  Jeg håper de vil sette pris på alle de
11405 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.no/linux-signpost/">fantastiske
11406 brukerprogrammene</a> som er tilgjengelig i Skolelinux.</p>
11407
11408       </div>
11409       <div class="tags">
11410
11411
11412         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
11413
11414
11415       </div>
11416     </div>
11417     <div class="padding"></div>
11418
11419     <div class="entry">
11420       <div class="title">
11421         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_umask_handling_with_sshfs.html">Broken umask handling with sshfs</a>
11422       </div>
11423       <div class="date">
11424         26th August 2010
11425       </div>
11426       <div class="body">
11427         <p>My file system sematics program
11428 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Testing_if_a_file_system_can_be_used_for_home_directories___.html">presented
11429 a few days ago</a> is very useful to verify that a file system can
11430 work as a unix home directory,and today I had to extend it a bit.  I'm
11431 looking into alternatives for home directory access here at the
11432 University of Oslo, and one of the options is sshfs.  My friend
11433 Finn-Arne mentioned a while back that they had used sshfs with Debian
11434 Edu, but stopped because of problems.  I asked today what the problems
11435 where, and he mentioned that sshfs failed to handle umask properly.
11436 Trying to detect the problem I wrote this addition to my fs testing
11437 script:</p>
11438
11439 <pre>
11440 mode_t touch_get_mode(const char *name, mode_t mode) {
11441   mode_t retval = 0;
11442   int fd = open(name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_LARGEFILE, mode);
11443   if (-1 != fd) {
11444     unlink(name);
11445     struct stat statbuf;
11446     if (-1 != fstat(fd, &statbuf)) {
11447       retval = statbuf.st_mode & 0x1ff;
11448     }
11449     close(fd);
11450   }
11451   return retval;
11452 }
11453
11454 /* Try to detect problem discovered using sshfs */
11455 int test_umask(void) {
11456   printf("info: testing umask effect on file creation\n");
11457
11458   mode_t orig_umask = umask(000);
11459   mode_t newmode;
11460   if (0666 != (newmode = touch_get_mode("foobar", 0666))) {
11461     printf("  error: Wrong file mode %o when creating using mode 666 and umask 000\n",
11462            newmode);
11463   }
11464   umask(007);
11465   if (0660 != (newmode = touch_get_mode("foobar", 0666))) {
11466     printf("  error: Wrong file mode %o when creating using mode 666 and umask 007\n",
11467            newmode);
11468   }
11469
11470   umask (orig_umask);
11471   return 0;
11472 }
11473
11474 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
11475   [...]
11476   test_umask();
11477   return 0;
11478 }
11479 </pre>
11480
11481 <p>Sure enough.  On NFS to a netapp, I get this result:</p>
11482
11483 <pre>
11484 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
11485 info: testing symlink creation
11486 info: testing subdirectory creation
11487 info: testing fcntl locking
11488   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
11489   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
11490   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
11491   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
11492   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
11493   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
11494 info: testing umask effect on file creation
11495 </pre>
11496
11497 <p>When mounting the same directory using sshfs, I get this
11498 result:</p>
11499
11500 <pre>
11501 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
11502 info: testing symlink creation
11503 info: testing subdirectory creation
11504 info: testing fcntl locking
11505   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
11506   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
11507   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
11508   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
11509   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
11510   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
11511 info: testing umask effect on file creation
11512   error: Wrong file mode 644 when creating using mode 666 and umask 000
11513   error: Wrong file mode 640 when creating using mode 666 and umask 007
11514 </pre>
11515
11516 <p>So, I can conclude that sshfs is better than smb to a Netapp or a
11517 Windows server, but not good enough to be used as a home
11518 directory.</p>
11519
11520 <p>Update 2010-08-26: Reported the issue in
11521 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/594498">BTS report #594498</a></p>
11522
11523 <p>Update 2010-08-27: Michael Gebetsroither report that he found the
11524 script so useful that he created a GIT repository and stored it in
11525 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a>.</p>
11526
11527       </div>
11528       <div class="tags">
11529
11530
11531         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11532
11533
11534       </div>
11535     </div>
11536     <div class="padding"></div>
11537
11538     <div class="entry">
11539       <div class="title">
11540         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/No_hardcoded_config_on_Debian_Edu_clients.html">No hardcoded config on Debian Edu clients</a>
11541       </div>
11542       <div class="date">
11543          9th August 2010
11544       </div>
11545       <div class="body">
11546         <p>As reported earlier, the last few days I have looked at how Debian
11547 Edu clients are configured, and tried to get rid of all hardcoded
11548 configuration settings on the clients.  I believe the work to be
11549 mostly done, and the clients seem to work just fine with dynamically
11550 generated configuration.</p>
11551
11552 <p>What is the point, you might ask?  The point is to allow a Debian
11553 Edu desktop to integrate into an existing network infrastructure
11554 without any manual configuration.</p>
11555
11556 <p>This is what happens when installing a Debian Edu client here at
11557 the University of Oslo using PXE.  With the PXE installation, I am
11558 asked for language (Norwegian Bokmål), locality (Norway) and keyboard
11559 layout (no-latin1), Debian Edu profile (Roaming Workstation), if I
11560 accept to reformat the hard drive (yes), if I want to submit info to
11561 popcon.debian.org (no) and root password (secret).  After answering
11562 these questions, the installer goes ahead and does its thing, and
11563 after around 50 minutes it is done.  I press enter to finish the
11564 installation, and the machine reboots into KDE.  When the machine is
11565 ready and kdm asks for login information, I enter my university
11566 username and password, am told by kdm that a local home directory has
11567 been created and that I must log in again, and finally log in with the
11568 same username and password to the KDE 4.4 desktop.  At no point during
11569 this process did it ask for university specific settings, and all the
11570 required configuration was dynamically detected using information
11571 fetched via DHCP and DNS.  The roaming workstation is now ready for
11572 use.</p>
11573
11574 <p>How was this done, you might wonder?  First of all, here is the
11575 list of things that need to be configured on the client to get it
11576 working properly out of the box:</p>
11577
11578 <ul>
11579 <li>IP address/netmask and DNS server.</li>
11580 <li>Web proxy URL.</li>
11581 <li>LDAP server for NSS directory information (user, group, etc).</li>
11582 <li>Kerberos server for PAM password checking.</li>
11583 <li>SMB mount point to access the network home directory. (*)</li>
11584 <li>Central syslog server to send syslog messages to. (*)</li>
11585 <li>Sitesummary collector URL to submit info to central server. (*)</li>
11586 </ul>
11587
11588 <p>(Hm, did I forget anything?  Let me knew if I did.)</p>
11589
11590 <p>The points marked (*) are not required to be able to use the
11591 machine, but needed to provide central storage and allowing system
11592 administrators to track their machines.  Since yesterday, everything
11593 but the sitesummary collector URL is dynamically discovered at boot
11594 and installation time in the svn version of Debian Edu.</p>
11595
11596 <p>The IP and DNS setup is fetched during boot using DHCP as usual.
11597 When a DHCP update arrives, the proxy setup is updated by looking for
11598 http://wpat/wpad.dat and using the content of this WPAD file to
11599 configure the http and ftp proxy in /etc/environment and
11600 /etc/apt/apt.conf.  I decided to update the proxy setup using a DHCP
11601 hook to ensure that the client stops using the Debian Edu proxy when
11602 it is moved outside the Debian Edu network, and instead uses any local
11603 proxy present on the new network when it moves around.</p>
11604
11605 <p>The DNS names of the LDAP, Kerberos and syslog server and related
11606 configuration are generated using DNS information at boot.  First the
11607 installer looks for a host named ldap in the current DNS domain.  If
11608 not found, it looks for _ldap._tcp SRV records in DNS instead.  If an
11609 LDAP server is found, its root DSE entry is requested and the
11610 attributes namingContexts and defaultNamingContext are used to
11611 determine which LDAP base to use for NSS.  If there are several
11612 namingContexts attibutes and the defaultNamingContext is present, that
11613 LDAP subtree is used as the base.  If defaultNamingContext is missing,
11614 the subtrees listed as namingContexts are searched in sequence for any
11615 object with class posixAccount or posixGroup, and the first one with
11616 such an object is used as the LDAP base.  For Kerberos, a similar
11617 search is done by first looking for a host named kerberos, and then
11618 for the _kerberos._tcp SRV record.  I've been unable to find a way to
11619 look up the Kerberos realm, so for this the upper case string of the
11620 current DNS domain is used.</p>
11621
11622 <p>For the syslog server, the hosts syslog and loghost are searched
11623 for, and the _syslog._udp SRV record is consulted if no such host is
11624 found.  This algorithm works for both Debian Edu and the University of
11625 Oslo.  A similar strategy would work for locating the sitesummary
11626 server, but have not been implemented yet.  I decided to fetch and
11627 save these settings during installation, to make sure moving to a
11628 different network does not change the set of users being allowed to
11629 log in nor the passwords required to log in.  Usernames and passwords
11630 will be cached by sssd when the user logs in on the Debian Edu
11631 network, and will not change as the laptop move around.  For a
11632 non-roaming machine, there is no caching, but given that it is
11633 supposed to stay in place it should not matter much.  Perhaps we
11634 should switch those to use sssd too?</p>
11635
11636 <p>The user's SMB mount point for the network home directory is
11637 located when the user logs in for the first time.  The LDAP server is
11638 consulted to look for the user's LDAP object and the sambaHomePath
11639 attribute is used if found.  If it isn't found, the home directory
11640 path fetched from NSS is used instead.  Assuming the path is of the
11641 form /site/server/directory/username, the second part is looked up in
11642 DNS and used to generate a SMB URL of the form
11643 smb://server.domain/username.  This algorithm works for both Debian
11644 edu and the University of Oslo.  Perhaps there are better attributes
11645 to use or a better algorithm that works for more sites, but this will
11646 do for now. :)</p>
11647
11648 <p>This work should make it easier to integrate the Debian Edu clients
11649 into any LDAP/Kerberos infrastructure, and make the current setup even
11650 more flexible than before.  I suspect it will also work for thin
11651 client servers, allowing one to easily set up LTSP and hook it into a
11652 existing network infrastructure, but I have not had time to test this
11653 yet.</p>
11654
11655 <p>If you want to help out with implementing these things for Debian
11656 Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11657
11658 <p>Update 2010-08-09: Simon Farnsworth gave me a heads-up on how to
11659 detect Kerberos realm from DNS, by looking for _kerberos TXT entries
11660 before falling back to the upper case DNS domain name.  Will have to
11661 implement it for Debian Edu. :)</p>
11662
11663       </div>
11664       <div class="tags">
11665
11666
11667         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11668
11669
11670       </div>
11671     </div>
11672     <div class="padding"></div>
11673
11674     <div class="entry">
11675       <div class="title">
11676         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Testing_if_a_file_system_can_be_used_for_home_directories___.html">Testing if a file system can be used for home directories...</a>
11677       </div>
11678       <div class="date">
11679          8th August 2010
11680       </div>
11681       <div class="body">
11682         <p>A few years ago, I was involved in a project planning to use
11683 Windows file servers as home directory servers for Debian
11684 Edu/Skolelinux machines.  This was thought to be no problem, as the
11685 access would be through the SMB network file system protocol, and we
11686 knew other sites used SMB with unix and samba as the file server to
11687 mount home directories without any problems.  But, after months of
11688 struggling, we had to conclude that our goal was impossible.</p>
11689
11690 <p>The reason is simply that while SMB can be used for home
11691 directories when the file server is Samba running on Unix, this only
11692 work because of Samba have some extensions and the fact that the
11693 underlying file system is a unix file system.  When using a Windows
11694 file server, the underlying file system do not have POSIX semantics,
11695 and several programs will fail if the users home directory where they
11696 want to store their configuration lack POSIX semantics.</p>
11697
11698 <p>As part of this work, I wrote a small C program I want to share
11699 with you all, to replicate a few of the problematic applications (like
11700 OpenOffice.org and GCompris) and see if the file system was working as
11701 it should.  If you find yourself in spooky file system land, it might
11702 help you find your way out again.  This is the fs-test.c source:</p>
11703
11704 <pre>
11705 /*
11706  * Some tests to check the file system sematics.  Used to verify that
11707  * CIFS from a windows server do not work properly as a linux home
11708  * directory.
11709  * License: GPL v2 or later
11710  *
11711  * needs libsqlite3-dev and build-essential installed
11712  * compile with: gcc -Wall -lsqlite3 -DTEST_SQLITE fs-test.c -o fs-test
11713 */
11714
11715 #define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS 64
11716 #define _LARGEFILE_SOURCE 1
11717 #define _LARGEFILE64_SOURCE 1
11718
11719 #define _GNU_SOURCE /* for asprintf() */
11720
11721 #include &lt;errno.h>
11722 #include &lt;fcntl.h>
11723 #include &lt;stdio.h>
11724 #include &lt;string.h>
11725 #include &lt;stdlib.h>
11726 #include &lt;sys/file.h>
11727 #include &lt;sys/stat.h>
11728 #include &lt;sys/types.h>
11729 #include &lt;unistd.h>
11730
11731 #ifdef TEST_SQLITE
11732 /*
11733  * Test sqlite open, as done by gcompris require the libsqlite3-dev
11734  * package and linking with -lsqlite3.  A more low level test is
11735  * below.
11736  * See also &lt;URL: http://www.sqlite.org./faq.html#q5 >.
11737  */
11738 #include &lt;sqlite3.h>
11739 #define CREATE_TABLE_USERS                                              \
11740   "CREATE TABLE users (user_id INT UNIQUE, login TEXT, lastname TEXT, firstname TEXT, birthdate TEXT, class_id INT ); "
11741 int test_sqlite_open(void) {
11742   char *zErrMsg;
11743   char *name = "testsqlite.db";
11744   sqlite3 *db=NULL;
11745   unlink(name);
11746   int rc = sqlite3_open(name, &db);
11747   if( rc ){
11748     printf("error: sqlite open of %s failed: %s\n", name, sqlite3_errmsg(db));
11749     sqlite3_close(db);
11750     return -1;
11751   }
11752
11753   /* create tables */
11754   rc = sqlite3_exec(db,CREATE_TABLE_USERS, NULL,  0, &zErrMsg);
11755   if( rc != SQLITE_OK ){
11756     printf("error: sqlite table create failed: %s\n", zErrMsg);
11757     sqlite3_close(db);
11758     return -1;
11759   }
11760   printf("info: sqlite worked\n");
11761   sqlite3_close(db);
11762   return 0;
11763 }
11764 #endif /* TEST_SQLITE */
11765
11766 /*
11767  * Demonstrate locking issue found in gcompris using sqlite3.  This
11768  * work with ext3, but not with cifs server on Windows 2003.  This is
11769  * done in the sqlite3 library.
11770  * See also
11771  * &lt;URL:http://www.cygwin.com/ml/cygwin/2001-08/msg00854.html> and the
11772  * POSIX specification
11773  * &lt;URL:http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/fcntl.html>.
11774  */
11775 int test_gcompris_locking(void) {
11776   struct flock fl;
11777   char *name = "testsqlite.db";
11778   unlink(name);
11779   int fd = open(name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_LARGEFILE, 0644);
11780   printf("info: testing fcntl locking\n");
11781
11782   fl.l_whence = SEEK_SET;
11783   fl.l_pid    = getpid();
11784   printf("  Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824");
11785   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
11786   fl.l_len    = 1;
11787   fl.l_type   = F_RDLCK;
11788   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
11789
11790   printf("  Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826");
11791   fl.l_start  = 1073741826;
11792   fl.l_len    = 510;
11793   fl.l_type   = F_RDLCK;
11794   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
11795
11796   printf("  Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824");
11797   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
11798   fl.l_len    = 1;
11799   fl.l_type   = F_UNLCK;
11800   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
11801
11802   printf("  Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824");
11803   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
11804   fl.l_len    = 1;
11805   fl.l_type   = F_WRLCK;
11806   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
11807
11808   printf("  Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826");
11809   fl.l_start  = 1073741826;
11810   fl.l_len    = 510;
11811   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
11812
11813   printf("  Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824");
11814   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
11815   fl.l_len    = 2;
11816   fl.l_type   = F_UNLCK;
11817   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
11818
11819   close(fd);
11820   return 0;
11821 }
11822
11823 /*
11824  * Test if permissions of freshly created directories allow entries
11825  * below them.  This was a problem with OpenOffice.org and gcompris.
11826  * Mounting with option 'sync' seem to solve this problem while
11827  * slowing down file operations.
11828  */
11829 int test_subdirectory_creation(void) {
11830 #define LEVELS 5
11831   char *path = strdup("test");
11832   char *dirs[LEVELS];
11833   int level;
11834   printf("info: testing subdirectory creation\n");
11835   for (level = 0; level &lt; LEVELS; level++) {
11836     char *newpath = NULL;
11837     if (-1 == mkdir(path, 0777)) {
11838       printf("  error: Unable to create directory '%s': %s\n",
11839              path, strerror(errno));
11840       break;
11841     }
11842     asprintf(&newpath, "%s/%s", path, "test");
11843     free(path);
11844     path = newpath;
11845   }
11846   return 0;
11847 }
11848
11849 /*
11850  * Test if symlinks can be created.  This was a problem detected with
11851  * KDE.
11852  */
11853 int test_symlinks(void) {
11854   printf("info: testing symlink creation\n");
11855   unlink("symlink");
11856   if (-1 == symlink("file", "symlink"))
11857     printf("  error: Unable to create symlink\n");
11858   return 0;
11859 }
11860
11861 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
11862   printf("Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system\n");
11863   test_symlinks();
11864   test_subdirectory_creation();
11865 #ifdef TEST_SQLITE
11866   test_sqlite_open();
11867 #endif /* TEST_SQLITE */
11868   test_gcompris_locking();
11869   return 0;
11870 }
11871 </pre>
11872
11873 <p>When everything is working, it should print something like
11874 this:</p>
11875
11876 <pre>
11877 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
11878 info: testing symlink creation
11879 info: testing subdirectory creation
11880 info: sqlite worked
11881 info: testing fcntl locking
11882   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
11883   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
11884   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
11885   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
11886   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
11887   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
11888 </pre>
11889
11890 <p>I do not remember the exact details of the problems we saw, but one
11891 of them was with locking, where if I remember correctly, POSIX allow a
11892 read-only lock to be upgraded to a read-write lock without unlocking
11893 the read-only lock (while Windows do not).  Another was a bug in the
11894 CIFS/SMB client implementation in the Linux kernel where directory
11895 meta information would be wrong for a fraction of a second, making
11896 OpenOffice.org fail to create its deep directory tree because it was
11897 not allowed to create files in its freshly created directory.</p>
11898
11899 <p>Anyway, here is a nice tool for your tool box, might you never need
11900 it. :)</p>
11901
11902 <p>Update 2010-08-27: Michael Gebetsroither report that he found the
11903 script so useful that he created a GIT repository and stored it in
11904 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a>.</p>
11905
11906       </div>
11907       <div class="tags">
11908
11909
11910         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11911
11912
11913       </div>
11914     </div>
11915     <div class="padding"></div>
11916
11917     <div class="entry">
11918       <div class="title">
11919         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Autodetecting_Client_setup_for_roaming_workstations_in_Debian_Edu.html">Autodetecting Client setup for roaming workstations in Debian Edu</a>
11920       </div>
11921       <div class="date">
11922          7th August 2010
11923       </div>
11924       <div class="body">
11925         <p>A few days ago, I
11926 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_roaming_workstation___at_the_university_of_Oslo.html">tried
11927 to install</a> a Roaming workation profile from Debian Edu/Squeeze
11928 while on the university network here at the University of Oslo, and
11929 noticed how much had to change to get it operational using the
11930 university infrastructure.  It was fairly easy, but it occured to me
11931 that Debian Edu would improve a lot if I could get the client to
11932 connect without any changes at all, and thus let the client configure
11933 itself during installation and first boot to use the infrastructure
11934 around it.  Now I am a huge step further along that road.</p>
11935
11936 <p>With our current squeeze-test packages, I can select the roaming
11937 workstation profile and get a working laptop connecting to the
11938 university LDAP server for user and group and our active directory
11939 servers for Kerberos authentication.  All this without any
11940 configuration at all during installation.  My users home directory got
11941 a bookmark in the KDE menu to mount it via SMB, with the correct URL.
11942 In short, openldap and sssd is correctly configured.  In addition to
11943 this, the client look for http://wpad/wpad.dat to configure a web
11944 proxy, and when it fail to find it no proxy settings are stored in
11945 /etc/environment and /etc/apt/apt.conf.  Iceweasel and KDE is
11946 configured to look for the same wpad configuration and also do not use
11947 a proxy when at the university network.  If the machine is moved to a
11948 network with such wpad setup, it would automatically use it when DHCP
11949 gave it a IP address.</p>
11950
11951 <p>The LDAP server is located using DNS, by first looking for the DNS
11952 entry ldap.$domain.  If this do not exist, it look for the
11953 _ldap._tcp.$domain SRV records and use the first one as the LDAP
11954 server.  Next, it connects to the LDAP server and search all
11955 namingContexts entries for posixAccount or posixGroup objects, and
11956 pick the first one as the LDAP base.  For Kerberos, a similar
11957 algorithm is used to locate the LDAP server, and the realm is the
11958 uppercase version of $domain.</p>
11959
11960 <p>So, what is not working, you might ask.  SMB mounting my home
11961 directory do not work.  No idea why, but suspected the incorrect
11962 Kerberos settings in /etc/krb5.conf and /etc/samba/smb.conf might be
11963 the cause.  These are not properly configured during installation, and
11964 had to be hand-edited to get the correct Kerberos realm and server,
11965 but SMB mounting still do not work. :(</p>
11966
11967 <p>With this automatic configuration in place, I expect a Debian Edu
11968 roaming profile installation would be able to automatically detect and
11969 connect to any site using LDAP and Kerberos for NSS directory and PAM
11970 authentication.  It should also work out of the box in a Active
11971 Directory environment providing posixAccount and posixGroup objects
11972 with UID and GID values.</p>
11973
11974 <p>If you want to help out with implementing these things for Debian
11975 Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11976
11977       </div>
11978       <div class="tags">
11979
11980
11981         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11982
11983
11984       </div>
11985     </div>
11986     <div class="padding"></div>
11987
11988     <div class="entry">
11989       <div class="title">
11990         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_roaming_workstation___at_the_university_of_Oslo.html">Debian Edu roaming workstation - at the university of Oslo</a>
11991       </div>
11992       <div class="date">
11993          3rd August 2010
11994       </div>
11995       <div class="body">
11996         <p>The new roaming workstation profile in Debian Edu/Squeeze is fairly
11997 similar to the laptop setup am I working on using Ubuntu for the
11998 University of Oslo, and just for the heck of it, I tested today how
11999 hard it would be to integrate that profile into the university
12000 infrastructure.  In this case, it is the university LDAP server,
12001 Active Directory Kerberos server and SMB mounting from the Netapp file
12002 servers.</p>
12003
12004 <p>I was pleasantly surprised that the only three files needed to be
12005 changed (/etc/sssd/sssd.conf, /etc/ldap.conf and
12006 /etc/mklocaluser.d/20-debian-edu-config) and one file had to be added
12007 (/usr/share/perl5/Debian/Edu_Local.pm), to get the client working.
12008 Most of the changes were to get the client to use the university LDAP
12009 for NSS and Kerberos server for PAM, but one was to change a hard
12010 coded DNS domain name in the mklocaluser hook from .intern to
12011 .uio.no.</p>
12012
12013 <p>This testing was so encouraging, that I went ahead and adjusted the
12014 Debian Edu scripts and setup in subversion to centralise the roaming
12015 workstation setup a bit more and avoid the hardcoded DNS domain name,
12016 so that when I test this tomorrow, I expect to get away with modifying
12017 only /etc/sssd/sssd.conf and /etc/ldap.conf to get it to use the
12018 university servers.</p>
12019
12020 <p>My goal is to get the clients to have no hardcoded settings and
12021 fetch all their initial setup during installation and first boot, to
12022 allow them to be inserted also into environments where the default
12023 setup in Debian Edu has been changed or as with the university, where
12024 the environment is different but provides the protocols Debian Edu
12025 uses.</p>
12026
12027       </div>
12028       <div class="tags">
12029
12030
12031         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12032
12033
12034       </div>
12035     </div>
12036     <div class="padding"></div>
12037
12038     <div class="entry">
12039       <div class="title">
12040         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Debian_Edu_test_release__alpha0__based_on_Squeeze_is_released.html">First Debian Edu test release (alpha0) based on Squeeze is released</a>
12041       </div>
12042       <div class="date">
12043         27th July 2010
12044       </div>
12045       <div class="body">
12046         <p>I just posted this announcement culminating several months of work
12047 with the next Debian Edu release.  Not nearly done, but one major step
12048 completed.</p>
12049
12050 <blockquote>
12051 <p>This is the first test release based on Squeeze. The focus of this
12052 release is to test the user application selection. To have a look,
12053 install the standalone profile and let the developers know if the set
12054 of installed packages i.e. applications should be modified. If some
12055 user application is missing, or if there are some applications that no
12056 longer make sense to be included in Debian Edu, please let us know.
12057 Also, if a useful application is missing the translation for your
12058 language of choice, please let us know too.</p>
12059
12060 <p>In addition, feedback and help to polish the desktop (menus,
12061 artwork, starters, etc.) is appreciated. We would like to ship a nice
12062 and handy KDE4 desktop targeted for schools out of the box.</p>
12063
12064 <p>The other profiles should be installable, but there is a lot more
12065 work left to be done before they are ready, so do not expect to
12066 much.</p>
12067
12068 <p>Changes compared to the lenny based version</p>
12069
12070 <ul>
12071 <li>Everything from Debian Squeeze
12072 <ul>
12073   <li>Desktop environment KDE 4.4 => the new KDE desktop in
12074          combination with some new artwork
12075   <li>Web browser Iceweasel 3.5
12076   <li>OpenOffice.org 3.2
12077   <li>Educational toolbox GCompris 9.3
12078   <li>Music creator Rosegarden 10.04.2
12079   <li>Image editor Gimp 2.6.10
12080   <li>Virtual universe Celestia 1.6.0
12081   <li>Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.10.4
12082   <li>3D modeler Blender 2.49.2 (new application)
12083   <li>Video editor Kdenlive 0.7.7 (new application)
12084 </ul></li>
12085 <li>Now using Kerberos for password checking (migration not finished).
12086     Enabled for:
12087 <ul>
12088   <li>PAM
12089   <li>LDAP
12090   <li>IMAP
12091   <li>SMTP (sender verification)
12092 </ul>
12093 </li>
12094 <li>New experimental roaming workstation profile for laptops.</li>
12095 <li>Show welcome page to users when they first log in. The URL is
12096     fetched from LDAP.</li>
12097 <li>New LXDE desktop option, in addition to KDE (default) and Gnome.</li>
12098 <li>General cleanup (not finished)</li>
12099 </ul>
12100 <p>The following features are not working as they should</p>
12101
12102 <ul>
12103 <li>No web based administration tool for creating users and groups. The
12104     scripts ldap-createuser-krb and ldap-add-user-to-group can be used
12105     for testing.</li>
12106 <li>DVD installs are missing debian-installer images for the PXE boot,
12107     and do not set up the PXE menu on eth0 because of this. LTSP
12108     clients should still boot from eth1 on thin client servers.</li>
12109 <li>The restructured KDE menu is not implemented.</li>
12110 <li>The LDAP server setup need to be reviewed for security.</li>
12111 <li>The LDAP directory structure need to be reworked.</li>
12112 <li>Different sets of packages are installed when using the DVD and the
12113     netinst CD. More packages are installed using the netinst CD.</li>
12114 <li>The jackd package fail to install. This is believed to be caused by
12115     some ongoing transition, and hopefully should be solved soon. The
12116     jackd1 package can be installed manually for those that need it.</li>
12117 <li>Some packages lack translations. See
12118     http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Squeeze for updated status,
12119     and help out with translations.</li>
12120 </ul>
12121
12122 <p>To download this multiarch netinstall release you can use</p>
12123
12124 <ul>
12125 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</a></li>
12126 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</a></li>
12127 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
12128 </ul>
12129 <p>To download this multiarch dvd release you can use</p>
12130
12131 <ul>
12132 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</a></li>
12133 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</a></li>
12134 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
12135 </ul>
12136
12137 <p>There is no source DVD available yet. It will be prepared when we
12138 get closer to the final release.</p>
12139
12140 <p>The MD5SUM of these images are</p>
12141
12142 <ul>
12143 <li>3dbf45d59f42a53518b6e3c9ec3b5eb6 debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
12144 <li>22f2cbfce281d1c6e478be452638675d debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
12145 </ul>
12146
12147 <p>The SHA1SUM of these images are</p>
12148 <ul>
12149 <li>c53d1b69b40cf37cd27aefaf33f6f6a3821bedf0 debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
12150 <li>2ec29d7db676d59d32197b05c277ffe16348376c debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
12151 </ul>
12152 <p>How to report bugs:
12153 http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugsInBugzilla</p>
12154
12155 <p>Please direct replies to debian-edu@lists.debian.org</p>
12156 </blockquote>
12157
12158       </div>
12159       <div class="tags">
12160
12161
12162         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12163
12164
12165       </div>
12166     </div>
12167     <div class="padding"></div>
12168
12169     <div class="entry">
12170       <div class="title">
12171         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/One_step_closer_to_single_signon_in_Debian_Edu.html">One step closer to single signon in Debian Edu</a>
12172       </div>
12173       <div class="date">
12174         25th July 2010
12175       </div>
12176       <div class="body">
12177         <p>The last few months me and the other Debian Edu developers have
12178 been working hard to get the Debian/Squeeze based version of Debian
12179 Edu/Skolelinux into shape.  This future version will use Kerberos for
12180 authentication, and services are slowly migrated to single signon,
12181 getting rid of password questions one at the time.</p>
12182
12183 <p>It will also feature a roaming workstation profile with local home
12184 directory, for laptops that are only some times on the Skolelinux
12185 network, and for this profile a shortcut is created in Gnome and KDE
12186 to gain access to the users home directory on the file server.  This
12187 shortcut uses SMB at the moment, and yesterday I had time to test if
12188 SMB mounting had started working in KDE after we added the cifs-utils
12189 package.  I was pleasantly surprised how well it worked.</p>
12190
12191 <p>Thanks to the recent changes to our samba configuration to get it
12192 to use Kerberos for authentication, there were no question about user
12193 password when mounting the SMB volume.  A simple click on the shortcut
12194 in the KDE menu, and a window with the home directory popped
12195 up. :)</p>
12196
12197 <p>One step closer to a single signon solution out of the box in
12198 Debian Edu.  We already had PAM, LDAP, IMAP and SMTP in place, and now
12199 also Samba.  Next step is Cups and hopefully also NFS.</p>
12200
12201 <p>We had planned a alpha0 release of Debian Edu for today, but thanks
12202 to the autobuilder administrators for some architectures being slow to
12203 sign packages, we are still missing the fixed LTSP package we need for
12204 the release.  It was uploaded three days ago with urgency=high, and if
12205 it had entered testing yesterday we would have been able to test it in
12206 time for a alpha0 release today.  As the binaries for ia64 and powerpc
12207 still not uploaded to the Debian archive, we need to delay the alpha
12208 release another day.</p>
12209
12210 <p>If you want to help out with implementing Kerberos for Debian Edu,
12211 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12212
12213       </div>
12214       <div class="tags">
12215
12216
12217         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet</a>.
12218
12219
12220       </div>
12221     </div>
12222     <div class="padding"></div>
12223
12224     <div class="entry">
12225       <div class="title">
12226         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/What_are_they_searching_for___PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_in_LDAP.html">What are they searching for - PowerDNS and ISC DHCP in LDAP</a>
12227       </div>
12228       <div class="date">
12229         17th July 2010
12230       </div>
12231       <div class="body">
12232         <p>This is a
12233 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">followup</a>
12234 on my
12235 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_a_change_to_LDAP_schemas_allowing_DNS_and_DHCP_info_to_be_combined_into_one_object.html">previous
12236 work</a> on
12237 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Combining_PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_LDAP_objects.html">merging
12238 all</a> the computer related LDAP objects in Debian Edu.</p>
12239
12240 <p>As a step to try to see if it possible to merge the DNS and DHCP
12241 LDAP objects, I have had a look at how the packages pdns-backend-ldap
12242 and dhcp3-server-ldap in Debian use the LDAP server.  The two
12243 implementations are quite different in how they use LDAP.</p>
12244
12245 To get this information, I started slapd with debugging enabled and
12246 dumped the debug output to a file to get the LDAP searches performed
12247 on a Debian Edu main-server.  Here is a summary.
12248
12249 <p><strong>powerdns</strong></p>
12250
12251 <a href="http://www.linuxnetworks.de/doc/index.php/PowerDNS_LDAP_Backend">Clues
12252 on how to</a> set up PowerDNS to use a LDAP backend is available on
12253 the web.
12254
12255 <p>PowerDNS have two modes of operation using LDAP as its backend.
12256 One "strict" mode where the forward and reverse DNS lookups are done
12257 using the same LDAP objects, and a "tree" mode where the forward and
12258 reverse entries are in two different subtrees in LDAP with a structure
12259 based on the DNS names, as in tjener.intern and
12260 2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa.</p>
12261
12262 <p>In tree mode, the server is set up to use a LDAP subtree as its
12263 base, and uses a "base" scoped search for the DNS name by adding
12264 "dc=tjener,dc=intern," to the base with a filter for
12265 "(associateddomain=tjener.intern)" for the forward entry and
12266 "dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa," with a filter for
12267 "(associateddomain=2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa)" for the reverse entry.  For
12268 forward entries, it is looking for attributes named dnsttl, arecord,
12269 nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord, ptrrecord, hinforecord, mxrecord,
12270 txtrecord, rprecord, afsdbrecord, keyrecord, aaaarecord, locrecord,
12271 srvrecord, naptrrecord, kxrecord, certrecord, dsrecord, sshfprecord,
12272 ipseckeyrecord, rrsigrecord, nsecrecord, dnskeyrecord, dhcidrecord,
12273 spfrecord and modifytimestamp.  For reverse entries it is looking for
12274 the attributes dnsttl, arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord,
12275 ptrrecord, hinforecord, mxrecord, txtrecord, rprecord, aaaarecord,
12276 locrecord, srvrecord, naptrrecord and modifytimestamp.  The equivalent
12277 ldapsearch commands could look like this:</p>
12278
12279 <blockquote><pre>
12280 ldapsearch -h ldap \
12281   -b dc=tjener,dc=intern,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no \
12282   -s base -x '(associateddomain=tjener.intern)' dNSTTL aRecord nSRecord \
12283   cNAMERecord sOARecord pTRRecord hInfoRecord mXRecord tXTRecord \
12284   rPRecord aFSDBRecord KeyRecord aAAARecord lOCRecord sRVRecord \
12285   nAPTRRecord kXRecord certRecord dSRecord sSHFPRecord iPSecKeyRecord \
12286   rRSIGRecord nSECRecord dNSKeyRecord dHCIDRecord sPFRecord modifyTimestamp
12287
12288 ldapsearch -h ldap \
12289   -b dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no \
12290   -s base -x '(associateddomain=2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa)'
12291   dnsttl, arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord soarecord ptrrecord \
12292   hinforecord mxrecord txtrecord rprecord aaaarecord locrecord \
12293   srvrecord naptrrecord modifytimestamp
12294 </pre></blockquote>
12295
12296 <p>In Debian Edu/Lenny, the PowerDNS tree mode is used with
12297 ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no as the base, and these are two
12298 example LDAP objects used there.  In addition to these objects, the
12299 parent objects all th way up to ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12300 also exist.</p>
12301
12302 <blockquote><pre>
12303 dn: dc=tjener,dc=intern,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12304 objectclass: top
12305 objectclass: dnsdomain
12306 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
12307 dc: tjener
12308 arecord: 10.0.2.2
12309 associateddomain: tjener.intern
12310
12311 dn: dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12312 objectclass: top
12313 objectclass: dnsdomain2
12314 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
12315 dc: 2
12316 ptrrecord: tjener.intern
12317 associateddomain: 2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa
12318 </pre></blockquote>
12319
12320 <p>In strict mode, the server behaves differently.  When looking for
12321 forward DNS entries, it is doing a "subtree" scoped search with the
12322 same base as in the tree mode for a object with filter
12323 "(associateddomain=tjener.intern)" and requests the attributes dnsttl,
12324 arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord, ptrrecord, hinforecord,
12325 mxrecord, txtrecord, rprecord, aaaarecord, locrecord, srvrecord,
12326 naptrrecord and modifytimestamp.  For reverse entires it also do a
12327 subtree scoped search but this time the filter is "(arecord=10.0.2.2)"
12328 and the requested attributes are associateddomain, dnsttl and
12329 modifytimestamp.  In short, in strict mode the objects with ptrrecord
12330 go away, and the arecord attribute in the forward object is used
12331 instead.</p>
12332
12333 <p>The forward and reverse searches can be simulated using ldapsearch
12334 like this:</p>
12335
12336 <blockquote><pre>
12337 ldapsearch -h ldap -b ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no -s sub -x \
12338   '(associateddomain=tjener.intern)' dNSTTL aRecord nSRecord \
12339   cNAMERecord sOARecord pTRRecord hInfoRecord mXRecord tXTRecord \
12340   rPRecord aFSDBRecord KeyRecord aAAARecord lOCRecord sRVRecord \
12341   nAPTRRecord kXRecord certRecord dSRecord sSHFPRecord iPSecKeyRecord \
12342   rRSIGRecord nSECRecord dNSKeyRecord dHCIDRecord sPFRecord modifyTimestamp
12343
12344 ldapsearch -h ldap -b ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no -s sub -x \
12345   '(arecord=10.0.2.2)' associateddomain dnsttl modifytimestamp
12346 </pre></blockquote>
12347
12348 <p>In addition to the forward and reverse searches , there is also a
12349 search for SOA records, which behave similar to the forward and
12350 reverse lookups.</p>
12351
12352 <p>A thing to note with the PowerDNS behaviour is that it do not
12353 specify any objectclass names, and instead look for the attributes it
12354 need to generate a DNS reply.  This make it able to work with any
12355 objectclass that provide the needed attributes.</p>
12356
12357 <p>The attributes are normally provided in the cosine (RFC 1274) and
12358 dnsdomain2 schemas.  The latter is used for reverse entries like
12359 ptrrecord and recent DNS additions like aaaarecord and srvrecord.</p>
12360
12361 <p>In Debian Edu, we have created DNS objects using the object classes
12362 dcobject (for dc), dnsdomain or dnsdomain2 (structural, for the DNS
12363 attributes) and domainrelatedobject (for associatedDomain).  The use
12364 of structural object classes make it impossible to combine these
12365 classes with the object classes used by DHCP.</p>
12366
12367 <p>There are other schemas that could be used too, for example the
12368 dnszone structural object class used by Gosa and bind-sdb for the DNS
12369 attributes combined with the domainrelatedobject object class, but in
12370 this case some unused attributes would have to be included as well
12371 (zonename and relativedomainname).</p>
12372
12373 <p>My proposal for Debian Edu would be to switch PowerDNS to strict
12374 mode and not use any of the existing objectclasses (dnsdomain,
12375 dnsdomain2 and dnszone) when one want to combine the DNS information
12376 with DHCP information, and instead create a auxiliary object class
12377 defined something like this (using the attributes defined for
12378 dnsdomain and dnsdomain2 or dnszone):</p>
12379
12380 <blockquote><pre>
12381 objectclass ( some-oid NAME 'dnsDomainAux'
12382     SUP top
12383     AUXILIARY
12384     MAY ( ARecord $ MDRecord $ MXRecord $ NSRecord $ SOARecord $ CNAMERecord $
12385           DNSTTL $ DNSClass $ PTRRecord $ HINFORecord $ MINFORecord $
12386           TXTRecord $ SIGRecord $ KEYRecord $ AAAARecord $ LOCRecord $
12387           NXTRecord $ SRVRecord $ NAPTRRecord $ KXRecord $ CERTRecord $
12388           A6Record $ DNAMERecord
12389     ))
12390 </pre></blockquote>
12391
12392 <p>This will allow any object to become a DNS entry when combined with
12393 the domainrelatedobject object class, and allow any entity to include
12394 all the attributes PowerDNS wants.  I've sent an email to the PowerDNS
12395 developers asking for their view on this schema and if they are
12396 interested in providing such schema with PowerDNS, and I hope my
12397 message will be accepted into their mailing list soon.</p>
12398
12399 <p><strong>ISC dhcp</strong></p>
12400
12401 <p>The DHCP server searches for specific objectclass and requests all
12402 the object attributes, and then uses the attributes it want.  This
12403 make it harder to figure out exactly what attributes are used, but
12404 thanks to the working example in Debian Edu I can at least get an idea
12405 what is needed without having to read the source code.</p>
12406
12407 <p>In the DHCP server configuration, the LDAP base to use and the
12408 search filter to use to locate the correct dhcpServer entity is
12409 stored.  These are the relevant entries from
12410 /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf:</p>
12411
12412 <blockquote><pre>
12413 ldap-base-dn "dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no";
12414 ldap-dhcp-server-cn "dhcp";
12415 </pre></blockquote>
12416
12417 <p>The DHCP server uses this information to nest all the DHCP
12418 configuration it need.  The cn "dhcp" is located using the given LDAP
12419 base and the filter "(&(objectClass=dhcpServer)(cn=dhcp))".  The
12420 search result is this entry:</p>
12421
12422 <blockquote><pre>
12423 dn: cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12424 cn: dhcp
12425 objectClass: top
12426 objectClass: dhcpServer
12427 dhcpServiceDN: cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12428 </pre></blockquote>
12429
12430 <p>The content of the dhcpServiceDN attribute is next used to locate the
12431 subtree with DHCP configuration.  The DHCP configuration subtree base
12432 is located using a base scope search with base "cn=DHCP
12433 Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no" and filter
12434 "(&(objectClass=dhcpService)(|(dhcpPrimaryDN=cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no)(dhcpSecondaryDN=cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no)))".
12435 The search result is this entry:</p>
12436
12437 <blockquote><pre>
12438 dn: cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12439 cn: DHCP Config
12440 objectClass: top
12441 objectClass: dhcpService
12442 objectClass: dhcpOptions
12443 dhcpPrimaryDN: cn=dhcp, dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12444 dhcpStatements: ddns-update-style none
12445 dhcpStatements: authoritative
12446 dhcpOption: smtp-server code 69 = array of ip-address
12447 dhcpOption: www-server code 72 = array of ip-address
12448 dhcpOption: wpad-url code 252 = text
12449 </pre></blockquote>
12450
12451 <p>Next, the entire subtree is processed, one level at the time.  When
12452 all the DHCP configuration is loaded, it is ready to receive requests.
12453 The subtree in Debian Edu contain objects with object classes
12454 top/dhcpService/dhcpOptions, top/dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions,
12455 top/dhcpSubnet, top/dhcpGroup and top/dhcpHost.  These provide options
12456 and information about netmasks, dynamic range etc.  Leaving out the
12457 details here because it is not relevant for the focus of my
12458 investigation, which is to see if it is possible to merge dns and dhcp
12459 related computer objects.</p>
12460
12461 <p>When a DHCP request come in, LDAP is searched for the MAC address
12462 of the client (00:00:00:00:00:00 in this example), using a subtree
12463 scoped search with "cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no" as
12464 the base and "(&(objectClass=dhcpHost)(dhcpHWAddress=ethernet
12465 00:00:00:00:00:00))" as the filter.  This is what a host object look
12466 like:</p>
12467
12468 <blockquote><pre>
12469 dn: cn=hostname,cn=group1,cn=THINCLIENTS,cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12470 cn: hostname
12471 objectClass: top
12472 objectClass: dhcpHost
12473 dhcpHWAddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
12474 dhcpStatements: fixed-address hostname
12475 </pre></blockquote>
12476
12477 <p>There is less flexiblity in the way LDAP searches are done here.
12478 The object classes need to have fixed names, and the configuration
12479 need to be stored in a fairly specific LDAP structure.  On the
12480 positive side, the invidiual dhcpHost entires can be anywhere without
12481 the DN pointed to by the dhcpServer entries.  The latter should make
12482 it possible to group all host entries in a subtree next to the
12483 configuration entries, and this subtree can also be shared with the
12484 DNS server if the schema proposed above is combined with the dhcpHost
12485 structural object class.
12486
12487 <p><strong>Conclusion</strong></p>
12488
12489 <p>The PowerDNS implementation seem to be very flexible when it come
12490 to which LDAP schemas to use.  While its "tree" mode is rigid when it
12491 come to the the LDAP structure, the "strict" mode is very flexible,
12492 allowing DNS objects to be stored anywhere under the base cn specified
12493 in the configuration.</p>
12494
12495 <p>The DHCP implementation on the other hand is very inflexible, both
12496 regarding which LDAP schemas to use and which LDAP structure to use.
12497 I guess one could implement ones own schema, as long as the
12498 objectclasses and attributes have the names used, but this do not
12499 really help when the DHCP subtree need to have a fairly fixed
12500 structure.</p>
12501
12502 <p>Based on the observed behaviour, I suspect a LDAP structure like
12503 this might work for Debian Edu:</p>
12504
12505 <blockquote><pre>
12506 ou=services
12507   cn=machine-info (dhcpService) - dhcpServiceDN points here
12508     cn=dhcp (dhcpServer)
12509     cn=dhcp-internal (dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions)
12510       cn=10.0.2.0 (dhcpSubnet)
12511         cn=group1 (dhcpGroup/dhcpOptions)
12512     cn=dhcp-thinclients (dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions)
12513       cn=192.168.0.0 (dhcpSubnet)
12514         cn=group1 (dhcpGroup/dhcpOptions)
12515     ou=machines - PowerDNS base points here
12516       cn=hostname (dhcpHost/domainrelatedobject/dnsDomainAux)
12517 </pre></blockquote>
12518
12519 <P>This is not tested yet.  If the DHCP server require the dhcpHost
12520 entries to be in the dhcpGroup subtrees, the entries can be stored
12521 there instead of a common machines subtree, and the PowerDNS base
12522 would have to be moved one level up to the machine-info subtree.</p>
12523
12524 <p>The combined object under the machines subtree would look something
12525 like this:</p>
12526
12527 <blockquote><pre>
12528 dn: dc=hostname,ou=machines,cn=machine-info,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12529 dc: hostname
12530 objectClass: top
12531 objectClass: dhcpHost
12532 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
12533 objectclass: dnsDomainAux
12534 associateddomain: hostname.intern
12535 arecord: 10.11.12.13
12536 dhcpHWAddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
12537 dhcpStatements: fixed-address hostname.intern
12538 </pre></blockquote>
12539
12540 </p>One could even add the LTSP configuration associated with a given
12541 machine, as long as the required attributes are available in a
12542 auxiliary object class.</p>
12543
12544       </div>
12545       <div class="tags">
12546
12547
12548         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12549
12550
12551       </div>
12552     </div>
12553     <div class="padding"></div>
12554
12555     <div class="entry">
12556       <div class="title">
12557         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Combining_PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_LDAP_objects.html">Combining PowerDNS and ISC DHCP LDAP objects</a>
12558       </div>
12559       <div class="date">
12560         14th July 2010
12561       </div>
12562       <div class="body">
12563         <p>For a while now, I have wanted to find a way to change the DNS and
12564 DHCP services in Debian Edu to use the same LDAP objects for a given
12565 computer, to avoid the possibility of having a inconsistent state for
12566 a computer in LDAP (as in DHCP but no DNS entry or the other way
12567 around) and make it easier to add computers to LDAP.</p>
12568
12569 <p>I've looked at how powerdns and dhcpd is using LDAP, and using this
12570 information finally found a solution that seem to work.</p>
12571
12572 <p>The old setup required three LDAP objects for a given computer.
12573 One forward DNS entry, one reverse DNS entry and one DHCP entry.  If
12574 we switch powerdns to use its strict LDAP method (ldap-method=strict
12575 in pdns-debian-edu.conf), the forward and reverse DNS entries are
12576 merged into one while making it impossible to transfer the reverse map
12577 to a slave DNS server.</p>
12578
12579 <p>If we also replace the object class used to get the DNS related
12580 attributes to one allowing these attributes to be combined with the
12581 dhcphost object class, we can merge the DNS and DHCP entries into one.
12582 I've written such object class in the dnsdomainaux.schema file (need
12583 proper OIDs, but that is a minor issue), and tested the setup.  It
12584 seem to work.</p>
12585
12586 <p>With this test setup in place, we can get away with one LDAP object
12587 for both DNS and DHCP, and even the LTSP configuration I suggested in
12588 an earlier email.  The combined LDAP object will look something like
12589 this:</p>
12590
12591 <blockquote><pre>
12592   dn: cn=hostname,cn=group1,cn=THINCLIENTS,cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12593   cn: hostname
12594   objectClass: dhcphost
12595   objectclass: domainrelatedobject
12596   objectclass: dnsdomainaux
12597   associateddomain: hostname.intern
12598   arecord: 10.11.12.13
12599   dhcphwaddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
12600   dhcpstatements: fixed-address hostname
12601   ldapconfigsound: Y
12602 </pre></blockquote>
12603
12604 <p>The DNS server uses the associateddomain and arecord entries, while
12605 the DHCP server uses the dhcphwaddress and dhcpstatements entries
12606 before asking DNS to resolve the fixed-adddress.  LTSP will use
12607 dhcphwaddress or associateddomain and the ldapconfig* attributes.</p>
12608
12609 <p>I am not yet sure if I can get the DHCP server to look for its
12610 dhcphost in a different location, to allow us to put the objects
12611 outside the "DHCP Config" subtree, but hope to figure out a way to do
12612 that.  If I can't figure out a way to do that, we can still get rid of
12613 the hosts subtree and move all its content into the DHCP Config tree
12614 (which probably should be renamed to be more related to the new
12615 content.  I suspect cn=dnsdhcp,ou=services or something like that
12616 might be a good place to put it.</p>
12617
12618 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
12619 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12620
12621       </div>
12622       <div class="tags">
12623
12624
12625         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12626
12627
12628       </div>
12629     </div>
12630     <div class="padding"></div>
12631
12632     <div class="entry">
12633       <div class="title">
12634         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_storing_LTSP_configuration_in_LDAP.html">Idea for storing LTSP configuration in LDAP</a>
12635       </div>
12636       <div class="date">
12637         11th July 2010
12638       </div>
12639       <div class="body">
12640         <p>Vagrant mentioned on IRC today that ltsp_config now support
12641 sourcing files from /usr/share/ltsp/ltsp_config.d/ on the thin
12642 clients, and that this can be used to fetch configuration from LDAP if
12643 Debian Edu choose to store configuration there.</p>
12644
12645 <p>Armed with this information, I got inspired and wrote a test module
12646 to get configuration from LDAP.  The idea is to look up the MAC
12647 address of the client in LDAP, and look for attributes on the form
12648 ltspconfigsetting=value, and use this to export SETTING=value to the
12649 LTSP clients.</p>
12650
12651 <p>The goal is to be able to store the LTSP configuration attributes
12652 in a "computer" LDAP object used by both DNS and DHCP, and thus
12653 allowing us to store all information about a computer in one place.</p>
12654
12655 <p>This is a untested draft implementation, and I welcome feedback on
12656 this approach.  A real LDAP schema for the ltspClientAux objectclass
12657 need to be written.  Comments, suggestions, etc?</p>
12658
12659 <blockquote><pre>
12660 # Store in /opt/ltsp/$arch/usr/share/ltsp/ltsp_config.d/ldap-config
12661 #
12662 # Fetch LTSP client settings from LDAP based on MAC address
12663 #
12664 # Uses ethernet address as stored in the dhcpHost objectclass using
12665 # the dhcpHWAddress attribute or ethernet address stored in the
12666 # ieee802Device objectclass with the macAddress attribute.
12667 #
12668 # This module is written to be schema agnostic, and only depend on the
12669 # existence of attribute names.
12670 #
12671 # The LTSP configuration variables are saved directly using a
12672 # ltspConfig prefix and uppercasing the rest of the attribute name.
12673 # To set the SERVER variable, set the ltspConfigServer attribute.
12674 #
12675 # Some LDAP schema should be created with all the relevant
12676 # configuration settings.  Something like this should work:
12677 #
12678 # objectclass ( 1.1.2.2 NAME 'ltspClientAux'
12679 #     SUP top
12680 #     AUXILIARY
12681 #     MAY ( ltspConfigServer $ ltsConfigSound $ ... )
12682
12683 LDAPSERVER=$(debian-edu-ldapserver)
12684 if [ "$LDAPSERVER" ] ; then
12685     LDAPBASE=$(debian-edu-ldapserver -b)
12686     for MAC in $(LANG=C ifconfig |grep -i hwaddr| awk '{print $5}'|sort -u) ; do
12687         filter="(|(dhcpHWAddress=ethernet $MAC)(macAddress=$MAC))"
12688         ldapsearch -h "$LDAPSERVER" -b "$LDAPBASE" -v -x "$filter" | \
12689             grep '^ltspConfig' | while read attr value ; do
12690             # Remove prefix and convert to upper case
12691             attr=$(echo $attr | sed 's/^ltspConfig//i' | tr a-z A-Z)
12692             # bass value on to clients
12693             eval "$attr=$value; export $attr"
12694         done
12695     done
12696 fi
12697 </pre></blockquote>
12698
12699 <p>I'm not sure this shell construction will work, because I suspect
12700 the while block might end up in a subshell causing the variables set
12701 there to not show up in ltsp-config, but if that is the case I am sure
12702 the code can be restructured to make sure the variables are passed on.
12703 I expect that can be solved with some testing. :)</p>
12704
12705 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
12706 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12707
12708 <p>Update 2010-07-17: I am aware of another effort to store LTSP
12709 configuration in LDAP that was created around year 2000 by
12710 <a href="http://www.pcxperience.com/thinclient/documentation/ldap.html">PC
12711 Xperience, Inc., 2000</a>.  I found its
12712 <a href="http://people.redhat.com/alikins/ltsp/ldap/">files</a> on a
12713 personal home page over at redhat.com.</p>
12714
12715       </div>
12716       <div class="tags">
12717
12718
12719         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12720
12721
12722       </div>
12723     </div>
12724     <div class="padding"></div>
12725
12726     <div class="entry">
12727       <div class="title">
12728         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/jXplorer__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">jXplorer, a very nice LDAP GUI</a>
12729       </div>
12730       <div class="date">
12731          9th July 2010
12732       </div>
12733       <div class="body">
12734         <p>Since
12735 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/LUMA__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">my
12736 last post</a> about available LDAP tools in Debian, I was told about a
12737 LDAP GUI that is even better than luma.  The java application
12738 <a href="http://jxplorer.org/">jXplorer</a> is claimed to be capable of
12739 moving LDAP objects and subtrees using drag-and-drop, and can
12740 authenticate using Kerberos.  I have only tested the Kerberos
12741 authentication, but do not have a LDAP setup allowing me to rewrite
12742 LDAP with my test user yet.  It is
12743 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/j/jxplorer.html">available in
12744 Debian</a> testing and unstable at the moment.  The only problem I
12745 have with it is how it handle errors.  If something go wrong, its
12746 non-intuitive behaviour require me to go through some query work list
12747 and remove the failing query.  Nothing big, but very annoying.</p>
12748
12749       </div>
12750       <div class="tags">
12751
12752
12753         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12754
12755
12756       </div>
12757     </div>
12758     <div class="padding"></div>
12759
12760     <div class="entry">
12761       <div class="title">
12762         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__apt_vs_aptitude_with_the_Gnome_desktop.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, apt vs aptitude with the Gnome desktop</a>
12763       </div>
12764       <div class="date">
12765          3rd July 2010
12766       </div>
12767       <div class="body">
12768         <p>Here is a short update on my <a
12769 href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">my
12770 Debian Lenny->Squeeze upgrade testing</a>.  Here is a summary of the
12771 difference for Gnome when it is upgraded by apt-get and aptitude.  I'm
12772 not reporting the status for KDE, because the upgrade crashes when
12773 aptitude try because of missing conflicts
12774 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584861">#584861</a> and
12775 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/585716">#585716</a>).</p>
12776
12777 <p>At the end of the upgrade test script, dpkg -l is executed to get a
12778 complete list of the installed packages.  Based on this I see these
12779 differences when I did a test run today.  As usual, I do not really
12780 know what the correct set of packages would be, but thought it best to
12781 publish the difference.</p>
12782
12783 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
12784
12785 <blockquote><p>
12786   at-spi cpp-4.3 finger gnome-spell gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
12787   libatspi1.0-0 libcupsys2 libeel2-data libgail-common libgdl-1-common
12788   libgnomeprint2.2-data libgnomeprintui2.2-common libgnomevfs2-bin
12789   libgtksourceview-common libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa
12790   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libservlet2.4-java libxalan2-java
12791   libxerces2-java openoffice.org-writer2latex openssl-blacklist p7zip
12792   python-4suite-xml python-eggtrayicon python-gtkhtml2
12793   python-gtkmozembed svgalibg1 xserver-xephyr zip
12794 </p></blockquote>
12795
12796 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
12797
12798 <blockquote><p>
12799   bluez-utils dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop epiphany-gecko
12800   gnome-app-install gnome-mount gnome-vfs-obexftp gnome-volume-manager
12801   libao2 libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5 libbind9-50
12802   libbluetooth2 libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7 libcucul0 libcurl3
12803   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdvdread3 libedata-cal1.2-6 libedataserver1.2-9
12804   libeel2-2.20 libepc-1.0-1 libepc-ui-1.0-1 libexchange-storage1.2-3
12805   libfaad0 libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libggz2 libggzcore9
12806   libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0 libgnome-desktop-2
12807   libgnome-pilot2 libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomeprint2.2-0
12808   libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtkhtml2-0
12809   libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgucharmap6 libhesiod0 libicu38 libisccc50
12810   libisccfg50 libiw29 libkpathsea4 libltdl3 liblwres50 libmagick++10
12811   libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmtp7 libmysqlclient15off libnautilus-burn4
12812   libneon27 libnm-glib0 libnm-util0 libopal-2.2 libosp5
12813   libparted1.8-10 libpisock9 libpisync1 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3
12814   libpt-1.10.10 libraw1394-8 libsensors3 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8
12815   libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1
12816   libtotem-plparser10 libtrackerclient0 libvoikko1 libxalan2-java-gcj
12817   libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12 libxtrap6 libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3
12818   mysql-common swfdec-gnome totem-gstreamer wodim
12819 </p></blockquote>
12820
12821 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
12822
12823 <blockquote><p>
12824   gnome gnome-desktop-environment hamster-applet python-gnomeapplet
12825   python-gnomekeyring python-wnck rhythmbox-plugins xorg
12826   xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
12827   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
12828   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-video-all
12829   xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark xserver-xorg-video-ati
12830   xserver-xorg-video-chips xserver-xorg-video-cirrus
12831   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
12832   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
12833   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-mach64
12834   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
12835   xserver-xorg-video-nouveau xserver-xorg-video-nv
12836   xserver-xorg-video-r128 xserver-xorg-video-radeon
12837   xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd xserver-xorg-video-rendition
12838   xserver-xorg-video-s3 xserver-xorg-video-s3virge
12839   xserver-xorg-video-savage xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion
12840   xserver-xorg-video-sis xserver-xorg-video-sisusb
12841   xserver-xorg-video-tdfx xserver-xorg-video-tga
12842   xserver-xorg-video-trident xserver-xorg-video-tseng
12843   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vmware
12844   xserver-xorg-video-voodoo
12845 </p></blockquote>
12846
12847 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
12848
12849 <blockquote><p>
12850   deskbar-applet xserver-xorg xserver-xorg-core
12851   xserver-xorg-input-wacom xserver-xorg-video-intel
12852   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome
12853 </p></blockquote>
12854
12855 <p>I was told on IRC that the xorg-xserver package was
12856 <a href="http://git.debian.org/?p=pkg-xorg/xserver/xorg-server.git;a=commit;h=9c8080d06c457932d3bfec021c69ac000aa60120">changed
12857 in git</a> today to try to get apt-get to not remove xorg completely.
12858 No idea when it hits Squeeze, but when it does I hope it will reduce
12859 the difference somewhat.
12860
12861       </div>
12862       <div class="tags">
12863
12864
12865         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
12866
12867
12868       </div>
12869     </div>
12870     <div class="padding"></div>
12871
12872     <div class="entry">
12873       <div class="title">
12874         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Caching_password__user_and_group_on_a_roaming_Debian_laptop.html">Caching password, user and group on a roaming Debian laptop</a>
12875       </div>
12876       <div class="date">
12877          1st July 2010
12878       </div>
12879       <div class="body">
12880         <p>For a laptop, centralized user directories and password checking is
12881 a bit troubling.  Laptops are typically used also when not connected
12882 to the network, and it is vital for a user to be able to log in or
12883 unlock the screen saver also when a central server is unavailable.
12884 This is possible by caching passwords and directory information (user
12885 and group attributes) locally, and the packages to do so are available
12886 in Debian.  Here follow two recipes to set this up in Debian/Squeeze.
12887 It is also possible to set up in Debian/Lenny, but require more manual
12888 setup there because pam-auth-update is missing in Lenny.</p>
12889
12890 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + nscd + libpam-ccreds + libpam-mklocaluser/pam_mkhomedir</h2>
12891
12892 This is the traditional method with a twist.  The password caching is
12893 provided by libpam-ccreds (version 10-4 or later is needed on
12894 Squeeze), and the directory caching is done by nscd.  The directory
12895 lookup and password checking is done using LDAP.  If one want to use
12896 Kerberos for password checking the libpam-ldapd package can be
12897 replaced with libpam-krb5 or libpam-heimdal.  If one is happy having a
12898 local home directory with the path listed in LDAP, one can use the
12899 pam_mkhomedir module from pam-modules to make this happen instead of
12900 using libpam-mklocaluser.  A setup for pam-auth-update to enable
12901 pam_mkhomedir will have to be written until a fix for
12902 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/568577">bug #568577</a> is in the
12903 archive.  Because I believe it is a bad idea to have local home
12904 directories using misleading paths like /site/server/partition/, I
12905 prefer to create a local user with the home directory in /home/.  This
12906 is done using the libpam-mklocaluser package.</p>
12907
12908 <p>These packages need to be installed and configured</p>
12909
12910 <blockquote><pre>
12911 libnss-ldapd libpam-ldapd nscd libpam-ccreds libpam-mklocaluser
12912 </pre></blockquote>
12913
12914 <p>The ldapd packages will ask for LDAP connection information, and
12915 one have to fill in the values that fits ones own site.  Make sure the
12916 PAM part uses encrypted connections, to make sure the password is not
12917 sent in clear text to the LDAP server.  I've been unable to get TLS
12918 certificate checking for a self signed certificate working, which make
12919 LDAP authentication unsafe for Debian Edu (nslcd is not checking if it
12920 is talking to the correct LDAP server), and very much welcome feedback
12921 on how to get this working.</p>
12922
12923 <p>Because nscd do not have a default configuration fit for offline
12924 caching until <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/485282">bug #485282</a>
12925 is fixed, this configuration should be used instead of the one
12926 currently in /etc/nscd.conf.  The changes are in the fields
12927 reload-count and positive-time-to-live, and is based on the
12928 instructions I found in the
12929 <a href="http://www.flyn.org/laptopldap/">LDAP for Mobile Laptops</a>
12930 instructions by Flyn Computing.</p>
12931
12932 <blockquote><pre>
12933         debug-level             0
12934         reload-count            unlimited
12935         paranoia                no
12936
12937         enable-cache            passwd          yes
12938         positive-time-to-live   passwd          2592000
12939         negative-time-to-live   passwd          20
12940         suggested-size          passwd          211
12941         check-files             passwd          yes
12942         persistent              passwd          yes
12943         shared                  passwd          yes
12944         max-db-size             passwd          33554432
12945         auto-propagate          passwd          yes
12946
12947         enable-cache            group           yes
12948         positive-time-to-live   group           2592000
12949         negative-time-to-live   group           20
12950         suggested-size          group           211
12951         check-files             group           yes
12952         persistent              group           yes
12953         shared                  group           yes
12954         max-db-size             group           33554432
12955         auto-propagate          group           yes
12956
12957         enable-cache            hosts           no
12958         positive-time-to-live   hosts           2592000
12959         negative-time-to-live   hosts           20
12960         suggested-size          hosts           211
12961         check-files             hosts           yes
12962         persistent              hosts           yes
12963         shared                  hosts           yes
12964         max-db-size             hosts           33554432
12965
12966         enable-cache            services        yes
12967         positive-time-to-live   services        2592000
12968         negative-time-to-live   services        20
12969         suggested-size          services        211
12970         check-files             services        yes
12971         persistent              services        yes
12972         shared                  services        yes
12973         max-db-size             services        33554432
12974 </pre></blockquote>
12975
12976 <p>While we wait for a mechanism to update /etc/nsswitch.conf
12977 automatically like the one provided in
12978 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/496915">bug #496915</a>, the file
12979 content need to be manually replaced to ensure LDAP is used as the
12980 directory service on the machine.  /etc/nsswitch.conf should normally
12981 look like this:</p>
12982
12983 <blockquote><pre>
12984 passwd:         files ldap
12985 group:          files ldap
12986 shadow:         files ldap
12987 hosts:          files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns mdns4
12988 networks:       files
12989 protocols:      files
12990 services:       files
12991 ethers:         files
12992 rpc:            files
12993 netgroup:       files ldap
12994 </pre></blockquote>
12995
12996 <p>The important parts are that ldap is listed last for passwd, group,
12997 shadow and netgroup.</p>
12998
12999 <p>With these changes in place, any user in LDAP will be able to log
13000 in locally on the machine using for example kdm, get a local home
13001 directory created and have the password as well as user and group
13002 attributes cached.
13003
13004 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + nss-updatedb + libpam-ccreds +
13005   libpam-mklocaluser/pam_mkhomedir</h2>
13006
13007 <p>Because nscd have had its share of problems, and seem to have
13008 problems doing proper caching, I've seen suggestions and recipes to
13009 use nss-updatedb to copy parts of the LDAP database locally when the
13010 LDAP database is available.  I have not tested such setup, because I
13011 discovered sssd.</p>
13012
13013 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + sssd + libpam-mklocaluser</h2>
13014
13015 <p>A more flexible and robust setup than the nscd combination
13016 mentioned earlier that has shown up recently, is the
13017 <a href="https://fedorahosted.org/sssd/">sssd</a> package from Redhat.
13018 It is part of the <a href="http://www.freeipa.org/">FreeIPA</A> project
13019 to provide a Active Directory like directory service for Linux
13020 machines.  The sssd system combines the caching of passwords and user
13021 information into one package, and remove the need for nscd and
13022 libpam-ccreds.  It support LDAP and Kerberos, but not NIS.  Version
13023 1.2 do not support netgroups, but it is said that it will support this
13024 in version 1.5 expected to show up later in 2010.  Because the
13025 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/sssd.html">sssd package</a>
13026 was missing in Debian, I ended up co-maintaining it with Werner, and
13027 version 1.2 is now in testing.
13028
13029 <p>These packages need to be installed and configured to get the
13030 roaming setup I want</p>
13031
13032 <blockquote><pre>
13033 libpam-sss libnss-sss libpam-mklocaluser
13034 </pre></blockquote>
13035
13036 The complete setup of sssd is done by editing/creating
13037 <tt>/etc/sssd/sssd.conf</tt>.
13038
13039 <blockquote><pre>
13040 [sssd]
13041 config_file_version = 2
13042 reconnection_retries = 3
13043 sbus_timeout = 30
13044 services = nss, pam
13045 domains = INTERN
13046
13047 [nss]
13048 filter_groups = root
13049 filter_users = root
13050 reconnection_retries = 3
13051
13052 [pam]
13053 reconnection_retries = 3
13054
13055 [domain/INTERN]
13056 enumerate = false
13057 cache_credentials = true
13058
13059 id_provider = ldap
13060 auth_provider = ldap
13061 chpass_provider = ldap
13062
13063 ldap_uri = ldap://ldap
13064 ldap_search_base = dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
13065 ldap_tls_reqcert = never
13066 ldap_tls_cacert = /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt
13067 </pre></blockquote>
13068
13069 <p>I got the same problem here with certificate checking.  Had to set
13070 "ldap_tls_reqcert = never" to get it working.</p>
13071
13072 <p>With the libnss-sss package in testing at the moment, the
13073 nsswitch.conf file is update automatically, so there is no need to
13074 modify it manually.</p>
13075
13076 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
13077 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
13078
13079       </div>
13080       <div class="tags">
13081
13082
13083         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13084
13085
13086       </div>
13087     </div>
13088     <div class="padding"></div>
13089
13090     <div class="entry">
13091       <div class="title">
13092         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/LUMA__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">LUMA, a very nice LDAP GUI</a>
13093       </div>
13094       <div class="date">
13095         28th June 2010
13096       </div>
13097       <div class="body">
13098         <p>The last few days I have been looking into the status of the LDAP
13099 directory in Debian Edu, and in the process I started to miss a GUI
13100 tool to browse the LDAP tree.  The only one I was able to find in
13101 Debian/Squeeze and Lenny is
13102 <a href="http://luma.sourceforge.net/">LUMA</a>, which has proved to
13103 be a great tool to get a overview of the current LDAP directory
13104 populated by default in Skolelinux.  Thanks to it, I have been able to
13105 find empty and obsolete subtrees, misplaced objects and duplicate
13106 objects.  It will be installed by default in Debian/Squeeze.  If you
13107 are working with LDAP, give it a go. :)</p>
13108
13109 <p>I did notice one problem with it I have not had time to report to
13110 the BTS yet.  There is no .desktop file in the package, so the tool do
13111 not show up in the Gnome and KDE menus, but only deep down in in the
13112 Debian submenu in KDE.  I hope that can be fixed before Squeeze is
13113 released.</p>
13114
13115 <p>I have not yet been able to get it to modify the tree yet.  I would
13116 like to move objects and remove subtrees directly in the GUI, but have
13117 not found a way to do that with LUMA yet.  So in the mean time, I use
13118 <a href="http://www.lichteblau.com/ldapvi/">ldapvi</a> for that.</p>
13119
13120 <p>If you have tips on other GUI tools for LDAP that might be useful
13121 in Debian Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
13122
13123 <p>Update 2010-06-29: Ross Reedstrom tipped us about the
13124 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/g/gq.html">gq</a> package as a
13125 useful GUI alternative.  It seem like a good tool, but is unmaintained
13126 in Debian and got a RC bug keeping it out of Squeeze.  Unless that
13127 changes, it will not be an option for Debian Edu based on Squeeze.</p>
13128
13129       </div>
13130       <div class="tags">
13131
13132
13133         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13134
13135
13136       </div>
13137     </div>
13138     <div class="padding"></div>
13139
13140     <div class="entry">
13141       <div class="title">
13142         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_a_change_to_LDAP_schemas_allowing_DNS_and_DHCP_info_to_be_combined_into_one_object.html">Idea for a change to LDAP schemas allowing DNS and DHCP info to be combined into one object</a>
13143       </div>
13144       <div class="date">
13145         24th June 2010
13146       </div>
13147       <div class="body">
13148         <p>A while back, I
13149 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">complained
13150 about the fact</a> that it is not possible with the provided schemas
13151 for storing DNS and DHCP information in LDAP to combine the two sets
13152 of information into one LDAP object representing a computer.</p>
13153
13154 <p>In the mean time, I discovered that a simple fix would be to make
13155 the dhcpHost object class auxiliary, to allow it to be combined with
13156 the dNSDomain object class, and thus forming one object for one
13157 computer when storing both DHCP and DNS information in LDAP.</p>
13158
13159 <p>If I understand this correctly, it is not safe to do this change
13160 without also changing the assigned number for the object class, and I
13161 do not know enough about LDAP schema design to do that properly for
13162 Debian Edu.</p>
13163
13164 <p>Anyway, for future reference, this is how I believe we could change
13165 the
13166 <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-dhc-ldap-schema-00">DHCP
13167 schema</a> to solve at least part of the problem with the LDAP schemas
13168 available today from IETF.</p>
13169
13170 <pre>
13171 --- dhcp.schema    (revision 65192)
13172 +++ dhcp.schema    (working copy)
13173 @@ -376,7 +376,7 @@
13174  objectclass ( 2.16.840.1.113719.1.203.6.6
13175         NAME 'dhcpHost'
13176         DESC 'This represents information about a particular client'
13177 -       SUP top
13178 +       SUP top AUXILIARY
13179         MUST cn
13180         MAY  (dhcpLeaseDN $ dhcpHWAddress $ dhcpOptionsDN $ dhcpStatements $ dhcpComments $ dhcpOption)
13181         X-NDS_CONTAINMENT ('dhcpService' 'dhcpSubnet' 'dhcpGroup') )
13182 </pre>
13183
13184 <p>I very much welcome clues on how to do this properly for Debian
13185 Edu/Squeeze.  We provide the DHCP schema in our debian-edu-config
13186 package, and should thus be free to rewrite it as we see fit.</p>
13187
13188 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
13189 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
13190
13191       </div>
13192       <div class="tags">
13193
13194
13195         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13196
13197
13198       </div>
13199     </div>
13200     <div class="padding"></div>
13201
13202     <div class="entry">
13203       <div class="title">
13204         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__removals_by_apt_and_aptitude.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, removals by apt and aptitude</a>
13205       </div>
13206       <div class="date">
13207         13th June 2010
13208       </div>
13209       <div class="body">
13210         <p>My
13211 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_upgrade_testing_from_Lenny_to_Squeeze.html">testing
13212 of Debian upgrades</a> from Lenny to Squeeze continues, and I've
13213 finally made the upgrade logs available from
13214 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/debian-upgrade-testing/</a>.
13215 I am now testing dist-upgrade of Gnome and KDE in a chroot using both
13216 apt and aptitude, and found their differences interesting.  This time
13217 I will only focus on their removal plans.</p>
13218
13219 <p>After installing a Gnome desktop and the laptop task, apt-get wants
13220 to remove 72 packages when dist-upgrading from Lenny to Squeeze.  The
13221 surprising part is that it want to remove xorg and all
13222 xserver-xorg-video* drivers.  Clearly not a good choice, but I am not
13223 sure why.  When asking aptitude to do the same, it want to remove 129
13224 packages, but most of them are library packages I suspect are no
13225 longer needed.  Both of them want to remove bluetooth packages, which
13226 I do not know.  Perhaps these bluetooth packages are obsolete?</p>
13227
13228 <p>For KDE, apt-get want to remove 82 packages, among them kdebase
13229 which seem like a bad idea and xorg the same way as with Gnome. Asking
13230 aptitude for the same, it wants to remove 192 packages, none which are
13231 too surprising.</p>
13232
13233 <p>I guess the removal of xorg during upgrades should be investigated
13234 and avoided, and perhaps others as well.  Here are the complete list
13235 of planned removals.  The complete logs is available from the URL
13236 above.  Note if you want to repeat these tests, that the upgrade test
13237 for kde+apt-get hung in the tasksel setup because of dpkg asking
13238 conffile questions.  No idea why.  I worked around it by using
13239 '<tt>echo >> /proc/<em>pidofdpkg</em>/fd/0</tt>' to tell dpkg to
13240 continue.</p>
13241
13242 <p><b>apt-get gnome 72</b>
13243 <br>bluez-gnome cupsddk-drivers deskbar-applet gnome
13244   gnome-desktop-environment gnome-network-admin gtkhtml3.14
13245   iceweasel-gnome-support libavcodec51 libdatrie0 libgdl-1-0
13246   libgnomekbd2 libgnomekbdui2 libmetacity0 libslab0 libxcb-xlib0
13247   nautilus-cd-burner python-gnome2-desktop python-gnome2-extras
13248   serpentine swfdec-mozilla update-manager xorg xserver-xorg
13249   xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
13250   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
13251   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-input-wacom
13252   xserver-xorg-video-all xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark
13253   xserver-xorg-video-ati xserver-xorg-video-chips
13254   xserver-xorg-video-cirrus xserver-xorg-video-cyrix
13255   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
13256   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
13257   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-imstt
13258   xserver-xorg-video-intel xserver-xorg-video-mach64
13259   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
13260   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-nv
13261   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome xserver-xorg-video-r128
13262   xserver-xorg-video-radeon xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd
13263   xserver-xorg-video-rendition xserver-xorg-video-s3
13264   xserver-xorg-video-s3virge xserver-xorg-video-savage
13265   xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion xserver-xorg-video-sis
13266   xserver-xorg-video-sisusb xserver-xorg-video-tdfx
13267   xserver-xorg-video-tga xserver-xorg-video-trident
13268   xserver-xorg-video-tseng xserver-xorg-video-v4l
13269   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vga
13270   xserver-xorg-video-vmware xserver-xorg-video-voodoo xulrunner-1.9
13271   xulrunner-1.9-gnome-support</p>
13272
13273 <p><b>aptitude gnome 129</b>
13274
13275 <br>bluez-gnome bluez-utils cpp-4.3 cupsddk-drivers dhcdbd
13276   djvulibre-desktop finger gnome-app-install gnome-mount
13277   gnome-network-admin gnome-spell gnome-vfs-obexftp
13278   gnome-volume-manager gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs gtkhtml3.14 libao2
13279   libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5 libavcodec51 libbluetooth2
13280   libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7 libcucul0 libcupsys2 libcurl3 libdatrie0
13281   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdvdread3 libedataserver1.2-9 libeel2-2.20
13282   libeel2-data libepc-1.0-1 libepc-ui-1.0-1 libfaad0 libgail-common
13283   libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libgdl-1-0 libgdl-1-common
13284   libggz2 libggzcore9 libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0
13285   libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomekbd2 libgnomekbdui2 libgnomeprint2.2-0
13286   libgnomeprint2.2-data libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgnomeprintui2.2-common
13287   libgnomevfs2-bin libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtkhtml2-0
13288   libgtksourceview-common libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgucharmap6
13289   libhesiod0 libicu38 libiw29 libkpathsea4 libltdl3 libmagick++10
13290   libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmetacity0 libmtp7 libmysqlclient15off
13291   libnautilus-burn4 libneon27 libnm-glib0 libnm-util0 libopal-2.2
13292   libosp5 libparted1.8-10 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3 libpt-1.10.10
13293   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libraw1394-8
13294   libsensors3 libslab0 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8 libssh2-1
13295   libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1 libtotem-plparser10
13296   libtrackerclient0 libxalan2-java libxalan2-java-gcj libxcb-xlib0
13297   libxerces2-java libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12 libxtrap6
13298   libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3 mysql-common nautilus-cd-burner
13299   openoffice.org-writer2latex openssl-blacklist p7zip
13300   python-4suite-xml python-eggtrayicon python-gnome2-desktop
13301   python-gnome2-extras python-gtkhtml2 python-gtkmozembed
13302   python-numeric python-sexy serpentine svgalibg1 swfdec-gnome
13303   swfdec-mozilla totem-gstreamer update-manager wodim
13304   xserver-xorg-video-cyrix xserver-xorg-video-imstt
13305   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-v4l xserver-xorg-video-vga
13306   zip</p>
13307
13308 <p><b>apt-get kde 82</b>
13309
13310 <br>cupsddk-drivers karm kaudiocreator kcoloredit kcontrol kde kde-core
13311   kdeaddons kdeartwork kdebase kdebase-bin kdebase-bin-kde3
13312   kdebase-kio-plugins kdesktop kdeutils khelpcenter kicker
13313   kicker-applets knewsticker kolourpaint konq-plugins konqueror korn
13314   kpersonalizer kscreensaver ksplash libavcodec51 libdatrie0 libkiten1
13315   libxcb-xlib0 quanta superkaramba texlive-base-bin xorg xserver-xorg
13316   xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
13317   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
13318   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-input-wacom
13319   xserver-xorg-video-all xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark
13320   xserver-xorg-video-ati xserver-xorg-video-chips
13321   xserver-xorg-video-cirrus xserver-xorg-video-cyrix
13322   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
13323   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
13324   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-imstt
13325   xserver-xorg-video-intel xserver-xorg-video-mach64
13326   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
13327   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-nv
13328   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome xserver-xorg-video-r128
13329   xserver-xorg-video-radeon xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd
13330   xserver-xorg-video-rendition xserver-xorg-video-s3
13331   xserver-xorg-video-s3virge xserver-xorg-video-savage
13332   xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion xserver-xorg-video-sis
13333   xserver-xorg-video-sisusb xserver-xorg-video-tdfx
13334   xserver-xorg-video-tga xserver-xorg-video-trident
13335   xserver-xorg-video-tseng xserver-xorg-video-v4l
13336   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vga
13337   xserver-xorg-video-vmware xserver-xorg-video-voodoo xulrunner-1.9</p>
13338
13339 <p><b>aptitude kde 192</b>
13340 <br>bluez-utils cpp-4.3 cupsddk-drivers cvs dcoprss dhcdbd
13341   djvulibre-desktop dosfstools eyesapplet fifteenapplet finger gettext
13342   ghostscript-x imlib-base imlib11 indi kandy karm kasteroids
13343   kaudiocreator kbackgammon kbstate kcoloredit kcontrol kcron kdat
13344   kdeadmin-kfile-plugins kdeartwork-misc kdeartwork-theme-window
13345   kdebase-bin-kde3 kdebase-kio-plugins kdeedu-data
13346   kdegraphics-kfile-plugins kdelirc kdemultimedia-kappfinder-data
13347   kdemultimedia-kfile-plugins kdenetwork-kfile-plugins
13348   kdepim-kfile-plugins kdepim-kio-plugins kdeprint kdesktop kdessh
13349   kdict kdnssd kdvi kedit keduca kenolaba kfax kfaxview kfouleggs
13350   kghostview khelpcenter khexedit kiconedit kitchensync klatin
13351   klickety kmailcvt kmenuedit kmid kmilo kmoon kmrml kodo kolourpaint
13352   kooka korn kpager kpdf kpercentage kpf kpilot kpoker kpovmodeler
13353   krec kregexpeditor ksayit ksim ksirc ksirtet ksmiletris ksmserver
13354   ksnake ksokoban ksplash ksvg ksysv ktip ktnef kuickshow kverbos
13355   kview kviewshell kvoctrain kwifimanager kwin kwin4 kworldclock
13356   kxsldbg libakode2 libao2 libarts1-akode libarts1-audiofile
13357   libarts1-mpeglib libarts1-xine libavahi-compat-libdnssd1
13358   libavahi-core5 libavc1394-0 libavcodec51 libbluetooth2
13359   libboost-python1.34.1 libcucul0 libcurl3 libcvsservice0 libdatrie0
13360   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdjvulibre21 libdvdread3 libfaad0 libfreebob0
13361   libgail-common libgd2-noxpm libgraphviz4 libgsmme1c2a libgtkhtml2-0
13362   libicu38 libiec61883-0 libindex0 libiw29 libk3b3 libkcal2b libkcddb1
13363   libkdeedu3 libkdepim1a libkgantt0 libkiten1 libkleopatra1 libkmime2
13364   libkpathsea4 libkpimexchange1 libkpimidentities1 libkscan1
13365   libksieve0 libktnef1 liblockdev1 libltdl3 libmagick10 libmimelib1c2a
13366   libmozjs1d libmpcdec3 libneon27 libnm-util0 libopensync0 libpisock9
13367   libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler-qt2 libpoppler3 libraw1394-8 libsmbios2
13368   libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libtalloc1 libtiff-tools
13369   libxalan2-java libxalan2-java-gcj libxcb-xlib0 libxerces2-java
13370   libxerces2-java-gcj libxtrap6 mpeglib networkstatus
13371   openoffice.org-writer2latex pmount poster psutils quanta quanta-data
13372   superkaramba svgalibg1 tex-common texlive-base texlive-base-bin
13373   texlive-common texlive-doc-base texlive-fonts-recommended
13374   xserver-xorg-video-cyrix xserver-xorg-video-imstt
13375   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-v4l xserver-xorg-video-vga
13376   xulrunner-1.9</p>
13377
13378
13379       </div>
13380       <div class="tags">
13381
13382
13383         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13384
13385
13386       </div>
13387     </div>
13388     <div class="padding"></div>
13389
13390     <div class="entry">
13391       <div class="title">
13392         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_upgrade_testing_from_Lenny_to_Squeeze.html">Automatic upgrade testing from Lenny to Squeeze</a>
13393       </div>
13394       <div class="date">
13395         11th June 2010
13396       </div>
13397       <div class="body">
13398         <p>The last few days I have done some upgrade testing in Debian, to
13399 see if the upgrade from Lenny to Squeeze will go smoothly.  A few bugs
13400 have been discovered and reported in the process
13401 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/585410">#585410</a> in nagios3-cgi,
13402 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584879">#584879</a> already fixed in
13403 enscript and <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584861">#584861</a> in
13404 kdebase-workspace-data), and to get a more regular testing going on, I
13405 am working on a script to automate the test.</p>
13406
13407 <p>The idea is to create a Lenny chroot and use tasksel to install a
13408 Gnome or KDE desktop installation inside the chroot before upgrading
13409 it.  To ensure no services are started in the chroot, a policy-rc.d
13410 script is inserted.  To make sure tasksel believe it is to install a
13411 desktop on a laptop, the tasksel tests are replaced in the chroot
13412 (only acceptable because this is a throw-away chroot).</p>
13413
13414 <p>A naive upgrade from Lenny to Squeeze using aptitude dist-upgrade
13415 currently always fail because udev refuses to upgrade with the kernel
13416 in Lenny, so to avoid that problem the file /etc/udev/kernel-upgrade
13417 is created.  The bug report
13418 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/566000">#566000</a> make me suspect
13419 this problem do not trigger in a chroot, but I touch the file anyway
13420 to make sure the upgrade go well.  Testing on virtual and real
13421 hardware have failed me because of udev so far, and creating this file
13422 do the trick in such settings anyway.  This is a
13423 <a href="http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/debian-26/failed-dist-upgrade-due-to-udev-config_sysfs_deprecated-nonsense-804130/">known
13424 issue</a> and the current udev behaviour is intended by the udev
13425 maintainer because he lack the resources to rewrite udev to keep
13426 working with old kernels or something like that.  I really wish the
13427 udev upstream would keep udev backwards compatible, to avoid such
13428 upgrade problem, but given that they fail to do so, I guess
13429 documenting the way out of this mess is the best option we got for
13430 Debian Squeeze.</p>
13431
13432 <p>Anyway, back to the task at hand, testing upgrades.  This test
13433 script, which I call <tt>upgrade-test</tt> for now, is doing the
13434 trick:</p>
13435
13436 <blockquote><pre>
13437 #!/bin/sh
13438 set -ex
13439
13440 if [ "$1" ] ; then
13441     desktop=$1
13442 else
13443     desktop=gnome
13444 fi
13445
13446 from=lenny
13447 to=squeeze
13448
13449 exec &lt; /dev/null
13450 unset LANG
13451 mirror=http://ftp.skolelinux.org/debian
13452 tmpdir=chroot-$from-upgrade-$to-$desktop
13453 fuser -mv .
13454 debootstrap $from $tmpdir $mirror
13455 chroot $tmpdir aptitude update
13456 cat > $tmpdir/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d &lt;&lt;EOF
13457 #!/bin/sh
13458 exit 101
13459 EOF
13460 chmod a+rx $tmpdir/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d
13461 exit_cleanup() {
13462     umount $tmpdir/proc
13463 }
13464 mount -t proc proc $tmpdir/proc
13465 # Make sure proc is unmounted also on failure
13466 trap exit_cleanup EXIT INT
13467
13468 chroot $tmpdir aptitude -y install debconf-utils
13469
13470 # Make sure tasksel autoselection trigger.  It need the test scripts
13471 # to return the correct answers.
13472 echo tasksel tasksel/desktop multiselect $desktop | \
13473     chroot $tmpdir debconf-set-selections
13474
13475 # Include the desktop and laptop task
13476 for test in desktop laptop ; do
13477     echo > $tmpdir/usr/lib/tasksel/tests/$test &lt;&lt;EOF
13478 #!/bin/sh
13479 exit 2
13480 EOF
13481     chmod a+rx $tmpdir/usr/lib/tasksel/tests/$test
13482 done
13483
13484 DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
13485 DEBIAN_PRIORITY=critical
13486 export DEBIAN_FRONTEND DEBIAN_PRIORITY
13487 chroot $tmpdir tasksel --new-install
13488
13489 echo deb $mirror $to main > $tmpdir/etc/apt/sources.list
13490 chroot $tmpdir aptitude update
13491 touch $tmpdir/etc/udev/kernel-upgrade
13492 chroot $tmpdir aptitude -y dist-upgrade
13493 fuser -mv
13494 </pre></blockquote>
13495
13496 <p>I suspect it would be useful to test upgrades with both apt-get and
13497 with aptitude, but I have not had time to look at how they behave
13498 differently so far.  I hope to get a cron job running to do the test
13499 regularly and post the result on the web.  The Gnome upgrade currently
13500 work, while the KDE upgrade fail because of the bug in
13501 kdebase-workspace-data</p>
13502
13503 <p>I am not quite sure what kind of extract from the huge upgrade logs
13504 (KDE 167 KiB, Gnome 516 KiB) it make sense to include in this blog
13505 post, so I will refrain from trying.  I can report that for Gnome,
13506 aptitude report 760 packages upgraded, 448 newly installed, 129 to
13507 remove and 1 not upgraded and 1024MB need to be downloaded while for
13508 KDE the same numbers are 702 packages upgraded, 507 newly installed,
13509 193 to remove and 0 not upgraded and 1117MB need to be downloaded</p>
13510
13511 <p>I am very happy to notice that the Gnome desktop + laptop upgrade
13512 is able to migrate to dependency based boot sequencing and parallel
13513 booting without a hitch.  Was unsure if there were still bugs with
13514 packages failing to clean up their obsolete init.d script during
13515 upgrades, and no such problem seem to affect the Gnome desktop+laptop
13516 packages.</p>
13517
13518       </div>
13519       <div class="tags">
13520
13521
13522         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13523
13524
13525       </div>
13526     </div>
13527     <div class="padding"></div>
13528
13529     <div class="entry">
13530       <div class="title">
13531         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_er_laget_for_sentraldrifting__naturligvis.html">Skolelinux er laget for sentraldrifting, naturligvis</a>
13532       </div>
13533       <div class="date">
13534          9th June 2010
13535       </div>
13536       <div class="body">
13537         <p>Det er merkelig hvordan myter om Skolelinux overlever.  En slik
13538 myte er at Skolelinux ikke kan sentraldriftes og ha sentralt plasserte
13539 tjenermaskiner.  I siste Computerworld Norge er
13540 <a href="http://www.idg.no/computerworld/article169432.ece">IT-sjef
13541 Viggo Billdal i Steinkjer intervjuet</a>, og forteller uten
13542 blygsel:</p>
13543
13544 <blockquote><p>Vi hadde Skolelinux, men det har vi sluttet med. Vi testet
13545 om det lønte seg med Microsoft eller en åpen plattform. Vi fant ut at
13546 Microsoft egentlig var totalt sett bedre egnet. Det var store
13547 driftskostnader med Skolelinux, blant annet på grunn av
13548 desentraliserte servere. Det var komplisert, så vi gikk vekk fra det
13549 og bruker nå bare Windows.</p></blockquote>
13550
13551 <p>En <a
13552 href="https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/bruker/2010-June/009101.html">rask
13553 sjekk</a> mot den norske brukerlista i Skolelinuxprosjektet forteller
13554 at Steinkjers forsøk foregikk fram til 2004/2005, og at Røysing skole
13555 i Steinkjer skal ha vært svært fornøyd med Skolelinux men at kommunen
13556 overkjørte skolen og krevde at de gikk over til Windows.  Et søk på
13557 nettet sendte meg til
13558 <a href="http://www.dn.no/multimedia/archive/00090/Dagens_it_nr__18_90826a.pdf">Dagens
13559 IT nr. 18 2005</a> hvor en kan lese på side 18:</p>
13560
13561 <blockquote><p>Inge Tømmerås ved Røysing skole i Steinkjer kjører ennå
13562 Microsoft, men forteller at kompetanseutfordringen med Skolelinux ikke
13563 var så stor.   Jeg syntes Skolelinux var utrolig lett å drifte uten
13564 forkunnskaper. Men man må jo selvsagt ha tilgang på ekstern kompetanse
13565 til installasjoner og maskinvarefeil, sier Tømmerås.</p></blockquote>
13566
13567 <p>Som systemarkitekten bak Skolelinux, kan jeg bare riste på hodet
13568 over påstanden om at Skolelinux krever desentraliserte tjenere.
13569 Skolelinux-arkitekturen er laget for sentralisert drift og plassering
13570 av tjenerne lokalt eller sentralt alt etter behov og nettkapasitet.
13571 Den er modellert på nettverks- og tjenerløsningen som brukes på
13572 Universitetet i Tromsø og Oslo, der jeg jobber med utvikling av
13573 driftstjenester.  Dette er det heldigvis noen som har fått med seg, og
13574 jeg er glad for å kunne sitere fra en kommentar på den overnevnte
13575 artikkelen.  Min venn og gamle kollega Sturle Sunde forteller der:
13576
13577 <blockquote>
13578 <p>I Flora kommune køyrer vi Skulelinux på skular med alt frå 15 til
13579 meir enn 500 elevar. Dei store skulane har eigen tenar, for det er
13580 mest praktisk. Eg, som er driftsansvarleg for heile nettet, ser
13581 sjeldan dei tenarane fysisk, men at dei står der gjer skulane mindre
13582 avhengige av eksterne linjer som er trege eller dyre. Dei minste
13583 skulane har ikkje eigen tenar. Å bruke sentral tenar er heller ikkje
13584 noko problem. Småskulane klarar seg fint med 1 mbit-linje til ein
13585 sentral tenar eller tenaren på ein større skule.</p>
13586
13587 <p>Det beste med Skulelinux er halvtjukke klientar. Dei treng ikkje
13588 harddisk og brukar minimalt med ressursar på tenaren fordi dei køyrer
13589 programma lokalt. Eit klasserom med 30 sju-åtte år gamle maskiner har
13590 mykje meir CPU og RAM totalt enn nokon moderne tenar til under
13591 millionen. Det trengst to kommandoar på den sentrale tenaren for å
13592 oppdatere alle klientane, både tynne og halvtjukke. Vi har ingen
13593 problem med diskar som ryk heller, som var eit problem før fordi
13594 elevane sat og sparka i maskinene. Og dei krev lite bandbreidde i
13595 nettet, so det er fullt mogleg å køyre slike på småskular med trege
13596 linjer mot tenaren på ein større skule.</p>
13597
13598 <p>Flora kommune har nesten 800 Linux-maskiner i sitt skulenett, og
13599 ein person som tek seg av drift av heile nettet, inkludert tenarar,
13600 klientar, operativsystem, programvare, heimekontorløysing og
13601 administrasjon av brukarar.</p>
13602
13603 <p>No skal det seiast at vi ikkje køyrer rein Skulelinux ut av
13604 boksen. Vi har gjort ein del tilpassingar mot noko Novell-greier som
13605 var der frå før, og som har komplisert installasjonen vår. Etter at
13606 oppsettet var gjort har løysinga vore stabil og kravd minimalt med
13607 arbeid.</p>
13608 </blockquote>
13609
13610 <p>Jeg vet at Narvik, Harstad og Oslo er kommuner der Skolelinux
13611 sentraldriftes med sentrale tjenere.  Det forteller meg at Steinkjers
13612 IT-sjef neppe bør skylde på Skolelinux-løsningen for sine 5 år gamle
13613 minner.</p>
13614
13615       </div>
13616       <div class="tags">
13617
13618
13619         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13620
13621
13622       </div>
13623     </div>
13624     <div class="padding"></div>
13625
13626     <div class="entry">
13627       <div class="title">
13628         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_manual_for_standards_wars___.html">A manual for standards wars...</a>
13629       </div>
13630       <div class="date">
13631          6th June 2010
13632       </div>
13633       <div class="body">
13634         <p>Via the
13635 <a href="http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/robweir/antic-atom/~3/QzU4RgoAGMg/weekly-links-10.html">blog
13636 of Rob Weir</a> I came across the very interesting essay named
13637 <a href="http://faculty.haas.berkeley.edu/shapiro/wars.pdf">The Art of
13638 Standards Wars</a> (PDF 25 pages).  I recommend it for everyone
13639 following the standards wars of today.</p>
13640
13641       </div>
13642       <div class="tags">
13643
13644
13645         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard</a>.
13646
13647
13648       </div>
13649     </div>
13650     <div class="padding"></div>
13651
13652     <div class="entry">
13653       <div class="title">
13654         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Sitesummary_tip__Listing_computer_hardware_models_used_at_site.html">Sitesummary tip: Listing computer hardware models used at site</a>
13655       </div>
13656       <div class="date">
13657          3rd June 2010
13658       </div>
13659       <div class="body">
13660         <p>When using sitesummary at a site to track machines, it is possible
13661 to get a list of the machine types in use thanks to the DMI
13662 information extracted from each machine.  The script to do so is
13663 included in the sitesummary package, and here is example output from
13664 the Skolelinux build servers:</p>
13665
13666 <blockquote><pre>
13667 maintainer:~# /usr/lib/sitesummary/hardware-model-summary
13668   vendor                    count
13669   Dell Computer Corporation     1
13670     PowerEdge 1750              1
13671   IBM                           1
13672     eserver xSeries 345 -[8670M1X]-     1
13673   Intel                         2
13674   [no-dmi-info]                 3
13675 maintainer:~#
13676 </pre></blockquote>
13677
13678 <p>The quality of the report depend on the quality of the DMI tables
13679 provided in each machine.  Here there are Intel machines without model
13680 information listed with Intel as vendor and no model, and virtual Xen
13681 machines listed as [no-dmi-info].  One can add -l as a command line
13682 option to list the individual machines.</p>
13683
13684 <p>A larger list is
13685 <a href="http://narvikskolen.no/sitesummary/">available from the the
13686 city of Narvik</a>, which uses Skolelinux on all their shools and also
13687 provide the basic sitesummary report publicly.  In their report there
13688 are ~1400 machines. I know they use both Ubuntu and Skolelinux on
13689 their machines, and as sitesummary is available in both distributions,
13690 it is trivial to get all of them to report to the same central
13691 collector.</p>
13692
13693       </div>
13694       <div class="tags">
13695
13696
13697         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
13698
13699
13700       </div>
13701     </div>
13702     <div class="padding"></div>
13703
13704     <div class="entry">
13705       <div class="title">
13706         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/KDM_fail_at_boot_with_NVidia_cards___and_no_one_try_to_fix_it_.html">KDM fail at boot with NVidia cards - and no one try to fix it?</a>
13707       </div>
13708       <div class="date">
13709          1st June 2010
13710       </div>
13711       <div class="body">
13712         <p>It is strange to watch how a bug in Debian causing KDM to fail to
13713 start at boot when an NVidia video card is used is handled.  The
13714 problem seem to be that the nvidia X.org driver uses a long time to
13715 initialize, and this duration is longer than kdm is configured to
13716 wait.</p>
13717
13718 <p>I came across two bugs related to this issue,
13719 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/583312">#583312</a> initially filed
13720 against initscripts and passed on to nvidia-glx when it became obvious
13721 that the nvidia drivers were involved, and
13722 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/524751">#524751</a> initially filed against
13723 kdm and passed on to src:nvidia-graphics-drivers for unknown reasons.</p>
13724
13725 <p>To me, it seem that no-one is interested in actually solving the
13726 problem nvidia video card owners experience and make sure the Debian
13727 distribution work out of the box for these users.  The nvidia driver
13728 maintainers expect kdm to be set up to wait longer, while kdm expect
13729 the nvidia driver maintainers to fix the driver to start faster, and
13730 while they wait for each other I guess the users end up switching to a
13731 distribution that work for them.  I have no idea what the solution is,
13732 but I am pretty sure that waiting for each other is not it.</p>
13733
13734 <p>I wonder why we end up handling bugs this way.</p>
13735
13736       </div>
13737       <div class="tags">
13738
13739
13740         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13741
13742
13743       </div>
13744     </div>
13745     <div class="padding"></div>
13746
13747     <div class="entry">
13748       <div class="title">
13749         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Parallellized_boot_seem_to_hold_up_well_in_Debian_testing.html">Parallellized boot seem to hold up well in Debian/testing</a>
13750       </div>
13751       <div class="date">
13752         27th May 2010
13753       </div>
13754       <div class="body">
13755         <p>A few days ago, parallel booting was enabled in Debian/testing.
13756 The feature seem to hold up pretty well, but three fairly serious
13757 issues are known and should be solved:
13758
13759 <p><ul>
13760
13761 <li>The wicd package seen to
13762 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/508289">break NFS mounting</a> and
13763 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/581586">network setup</a> when
13764 parallel booting is enabled.  No idea why, but the wicd maintainer
13765 seem to be on the case.</li>
13766
13767 <li>The nvidia X driver seem to
13768 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/583312">have a race condition</a>
13769 triggered more easily when parallel booting is in effect.  The
13770 maintainer is on the case.</li>
13771
13772 <li>The sysv-rc package fail to properly enable dependency based boot
13773 sequencing (the shutdown is broken) when old file-rc users
13774 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/575080">try to switch back</a> to
13775 sysv-rc.  One way to solve it would be for file-rc to create
13776 /etc/init.d/.legacy-bootordering, and another is to try to make
13777 sysv-rc more robust.  Will investigate some more and probably upload a
13778 workaround in sysv-rc to help those trying to move from file-rc to
13779 sysv-rc get a working shutdown.</li>
13780
13781 </ul></p>
13782
13783 <p>All in all not many surprising issues, and all of them seem
13784 solvable before Squeeze is released.  In addition to these there are
13785 some packages with bugs in their dependencies and run level settings,
13786 which I expect will be fixed in a reasonable time span.</p>
13787
13788 <p>If you report any problems with dependencies in init.d scripts to
13789 the BTS, please usertag the report to get it to show up at
13790 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/pkgreport.cgi?users=initscripts-ng-devel@lists.alioth.debian.org">the
13791 list of usertagged bugs related to this</a>.</p>
13792
13793 <p>Update: Correct bug number to file-rc issue.</p>
13794
13795       </div>
13796       <div class="tags">
13797
13798
13799         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13800
13801
13802       </div>
13803     </div>
13804     <div class="padding"></div>
13805
13806     <div class="entry">
13807       <div class="title">
13808         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/More_flexible_firmware_handling_in_debian_installer.html">More flexible firmware handling in debian-installer</a>
13809       </div>
13810       <div class="date">
13811         22nd May 2010
13812       </div>
13813       <div class="body">
13814         <p>After a long break from debian-installer development, I finally
13815 found time today to return to the project.  Having to spend less time
13816 working dependency based boot in debian, as it is almost complete now,
13817 definitely helped freeing some time.</p>
13818
13819 <p>A while back, I ran into a problem while working on Debian Edu.  We
13820 include some firmware packages on the Debian Edu CDs, those needed to
13821 get disk and network controllers working.  Without having these
13822 firmware packages available during installation, it is impossible to
13823 install Debian Edu on the given machine, and because our target group
13824 are non-technical people, asking them to provide firmware packages on
13825 an external medium is a support pain.  Initially, I expected it to be
13826 enough to include the firmware packages on the CD to get
13827 debian-installer to find and use them.  This proved to be wrong.
13828 Next, I hoped it was enough to symlink the relevant firmware packages
13829 to some useful location on the CD (tried /cdrom/ and
13830 /cdrom/firmware/).  This also proved to not work, and at this point I
13831 found time to look at the debian-installer code to figure out what was
13832 going to work.</p>
13833
13834 <p>The firmware loading code is in the hw-detect package, and a closer
13835 look revealed that it would only look for firmware packages outside
13836 the installation media, so the CD was never checked for firmware
13837 packages.  It would only check USB sticks, floppies and other
13838 "external" media devices.  Today I changed it to also look in the
13839 /cdrom/firmware/ directory on the mounted CD or DVD, which should
13840 solve the problem I ran into with Debian edu.  I also changed it to
13841 look in /firmware/, to make sure the installer also find firmware
13842 provided in the initrd when booting the installer via PXE, to allow us
13843 to provide the same feature in the PXE setup included in Debian
13844 Edu.</p>
13845
13846 <p>To make sure firmware deb packages with a license questions are not
13847 activated without asking if the license is accepted, I extended
13848 hw-detect to look for preinst scripts in the firmware packages, and
13849 run these before activating the firmware during installation.  The
13850 license question is asked using debconf in the preinst, so this should
13851 solve the issue for the firmware packages I have looked at so far.</p>
13852
13853 <p>If you want to discuss the details of these features, please
13854 contact us on debian-boot@lists.debian.org.</p>
13855
13856       </div>
13857       <div class="tags">
13858
13859
13860         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13861
13862
13863       </div>
13864     </div>
13865     <div class="padding"></div>
13866
13867     <div class="entry">
13868       <div class="title">
13869         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Pieces_of_the_roaming_laptop_puzzle_in_Debian.html">Pieces of the roaming laptop puzzle in Debian</a>
13870       </div>
13871       <div class="date">
13872         19th May 2010
13873       </div>
13874       <div class="body">
13875         <p>Today, the last piece of the puzzle for roaming laptops in Debian
13876 Edu finally entered the Debian archive.  Today, the new
13877 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/libp/libpam-mklocaluser.html">libpam-mklocaluser</a>
13878 package was accepted.  Two days ago, two other pieces was accepted
13879 into unstable.  The
13880 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/p/pam-python.html">pam-python</a>
13881 package needed by libpam-mklocaluser, and the
13882 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/sssd.html">sssd</a> package
13883 passed NEW on Monday.  In addition, the
13884 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/libp/libpam-ccreds.html">libpam-ccreds</a>
13885 package we need is in experimental (version 10-4) since Saturday, and
13886 hopefully will be moved to unstable soon.</p>
13887
13888 <p>This collection of packages allow for two different setups for
13889 roaming laptops.  The traditional setup would be using libpam-ccreds,
13890 nscd and libpam-mklocaluser with LDAP or Kerberos authentication,
13891 which should work out of the box if the configuration changes proposed
13892 for nscd in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/485282">BTS report
13893 #485282</a> is implemented.  The alternative setup is to use sssd with
13894 libpam-mklocaluser to connect to LDAP or Kerberos and let sssd take
13895 care of the caching of passwords and group information.</p>
13896
13897 <p>I have so far been unable to get sssd to work with the LDAP server
13898 at the University, but suspect the issue is some SSL/GnuTLS related
13899 problem with the server certificate.  I plan to update the Debian
13900 package to version 1.2, which is scheduled for next week, and hope to
13901 find time to make sure the next release will include both the
13902 Debian/Ubuntu specific patches.  Upstream is friendly and responsive,
13903 and I am sure we will find a good solution.</p>
13904
13905 <p>The idea is to set up the roaming laptops to authenticate using
13906 LDAP or Kerberos and create a local user with home directory in /home/
13907 when a usre in LDAP logs in via KDM or GDM for the first time, and
13908 cache the password for offline checking, as well as caching group
13909 memberhips and other relevant LDAP information.  The
13910 libpam-mklocaluser package was created to make sure the local home
13911 directory is in /home/, instead of /site/server/directory/ which would
13912 be the home directory if pam_mkhomedir was used.  To avoid confusion
13913 with support requests and configuration, we do not want local laptops
13914 to have users in a path that is used for the same users home directory
13915 on the home directory servers.</p>
13916
13917 <p>One annoying problem with gdm is that it do not show the PAM
13918 message passed to the user from libpam-mklocaluser when the local user
13919 is created.  Instead gdm simply reject the login with some generic
13920 message.  The message is shown in kdm, ssh and login, so I guess it is
13921 a bug in gdm.  Have not investigated if there is some other message
13922 type that can be used instead to get gdm to also show the message.</p>
13923
13924 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
13925 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
13926
13927       </div>
13928       <div class="tags">
13929
13930
13931         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13932
13933
13934       </div>
13935     </div>
13936     <div class="padding"></div>
13937
13938     <div class="entry">
13939       <div class="title">
13940         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Parallellized_boot_is_now_the_default_in_Debian_unstable.html">Parallellized boot is now the default in Debian/unstable</a>
13941       </div>
13942       <div class="date">
13943         14th May 2010
13944       </div>
13945       <div class="body">
13946         <p>Since this evening, parallel booting is the default in
13947 Debian/unstable for machines using dependency based boot sequencing.
13948 Apparently the testing of concurrent booting has been wider than
13949 expected, if I am to believe the
13950 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-devel/2010/05/msg00122.html">input
13951 on debian-devel@</a>, and I concluded a few days ago to move forward
13952 with the feature this weekend, to give us some time to detect any
13953 remaining problems before Squeeze is frozen.  If serious problems are
13954 detected, it is simple to change the default back to sequential boot.
13955 The upload of the new sysvinit package also activate a new upstream
13956 version.</p>
13957
13958 More information about
13959 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/LSBInitScripts/DependencyBasedBoot">dependency
13960 based boot sequencing</a> is available from the Debian wiki.  It is
13961 currently possible to disable parallel booting when one run into
13962 problems caused by it, by adding this line to /etc/default/rcS:</p>
13963
13964 <blockquote><pre>
13965 CONCURRENCY=none
13966 </pre></blockquote>
13967
13968 <p>If you report any problems with dependencies in init.d scripts to
13969 the BTS, please usertag the report to get it to show up at
13970 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/pkgreport.cgi?users=initscripts-ng-devel@lists.alioth.debian.org">the
13971 list of usertagged bugs related to this</a>.</p>
13972
13973       </div>
13974       <div class="tags">
13975
13976
13977         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13978
13979
13980       </div>
13981     </div>
13982     <div class="padding"></div>
13983
13984     <div class="entry">
13985       <div class="title">
13986         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Sitesummary_tip__Listing_MAC_address_of_all_clients.html">Sitesummary tip: Listing MAC address of all clients</a>
13987       </div>
13988       <div class="date">
13989         14th May 2010
13990       </div>
13991       <div class="body">
13992         <p>In the recent Debian Edu versions, the
13993 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/SiteSummary">sitesummary
13994 system</a> is used to keep track of the machines in the school
13995 network.  Each machine will automatically report its status to the
13996 central server after boot and once per night.  The network setup is
13997 also reported, and using this information it is possible to get the
13998 MAC address of all network interfaces in the machines.  This is useful
13999 to update the DHCP configuration.</p>
14000
14001 <p>To give some idea how to use sitesummary, here is a one-liner to
14002 ist all MAC addresses of all machines reporting to sitesummary.  Run
14003 this on the collector host:</p>
14004
14005 <blockquote><pre>
14006 perl -MSiteSummary -e 'for_all_hosts(sub { print join(" ", get_macaddresses(shift)), "\n"; });'
14007 </pre></blockquote>
14008
14009 <p>This will list all MAC addresses assosiated with all machine, one
14010 line per machine and with space between the MAC addresses.</p>
14011
14012 <p>To allow system administrators easier job at adding static DHCP
14013 addresses for hosts, it would be possible to extend this to fetch
14014 machine information from sitesummary and update the DHCP and DNS
14015 tables in LDAP using this information.  Such tool is unfortunately not
14016 written yet.</p>
14017
14018       </div>
14019       <div class="tags">
14020
14021
14022         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
14023
14024
14025       </div>
14026     </div>
14027     <div class="padding"></div>
14028
14029     <div class="entry">
14030       <div class="title">
14031         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Forcing_new_users_to_change_their_password_on_first_login.html">Forcing new users to change their password on first login</a>
14032       </div>
14033       <div class="date">
14034          2nd May 2010
14035       </div>
14036       <div class="body">
14037         <p>One interesting feature in Active Directory, is the ability to
14038 create a new user with an expired password, and thus force the user to
14039 change the password on the first login attempt.</p>
14040
14041 <p>I'm not quite sure how to do that with the LDAP setup in Debian
14042 Edu, but did some initial testing with a local account.  The account
14043 and password aging information is available in /etc/shadow, but
14044 unfortunately, it is not possible to specify an expiration time for
14045 passwords, only a maximum age for passwords.</p>
14046
14047 <p>A freshly created account (using adduser test) will have these
14048 settings in /etc/shadow:</p>
14049
14050 <blockquote><pre>
14051 root@tjener:~# chage -l test
14052 Last password change                                    : May 02, 2010
14053 Password expires                                        : never
14054 Password inactive                                       : never
14055 Account expires                                         : never
14056 Minimum number of days between password change          : 0
14057 Maximum number of days between password change          : 99999
14058 Number of days of warning before password expires       : 7
14059 root@tjener:~#
14060 </pre></blockquote>
14061
14062 <p>The only way I could come up with to create a user with an expired
14063 account, is to change the date of the last password change to the
14064 lowest value possible (January 1th 1970), and the maximum password age
14065 to the difference in days between that date and today.  To make it
14066 simple, I went for 30 years (30 * 365 = 10950) and January 2th (to
14067 avoid testing if 0 is a valid value).</p>
14068
14069 <p>After using these commands to set it up, it seem to work as
14070 intended:</p>
14071
14072 <blockquote><pre>
14073 root@tjener:~# chage -d 1 test; chage -M 10950 test
14074 root@tjener:~# chage -l test
14075 Last password change                                    : Jan 02, 1970
14076 Password expires                                        : never
14077 Password inactive                                       : never
14078 Account expires                                         : never
14079 Minimum number of days between password change          : 0
14080 Maximum number of days between password change          : 10950
14081 Number of days of warning before password expires       : 7
14082 root@tjener:~#
14083 </pre></blockquote>
14084
14085 <p>So far I have tested this with ssh and console, and kdm (in
14086 Squeeze) login, and all ask for a new password before login in the
14087 user (with ssh, I was thrown out and had to log in again).</p>
14088
14089 <p>Perhaps we should set up something similar for Debian Edu, to make
14090 sure only the user itself have the account password?</p>
14091
14092 <p>If you want to comment on or help out with implementing this for
14093 Debian Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
14094
14095 <p>Update 2010-05-02 17:20: Paul Tötterman tells me on IRC that the
14096 shadow(8) page in Debian/testing now state that setting the date of
14097 last password change to zero (0) will force the password to be changed
14098 on the first login.  This was not mentioned in the manual in Lenny, so
14099 I did not notice this in my initial testing.  I have tested it on
14100 Squeeze, and '<tt>chage -d 0 username</tt>' do work there.  I have not
14101 tested it on Lenny yet.</p>
14102
14103 <p>Update 2010-05-02-19:05: Jim Paris tells me via email that an
14104 equivalent command to expire a password is '<tt>passwd -e
14105 username</tt>', which insert zero into the date of the last password
14106 change.</p>
14107
14108       </div>
14109       <div class="tags">
14110
14111
14112         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet</a>.
14113
14114
14115       </div>
14116     </div>
14117     <div class="padding"></div>
14118
14119     <div class="entry">
14120       <div class="title">
14121         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Thoughts_on_roaming_laptop_setup_for_Debian_Edu.html">Thoughts on roaming laptop setup for Debian Edu</a>
14122       </div>
14123       <div class="date">
14124         28th April 2010
14125       </div>
14126       <div class="body">
14127         <p>For some years now, I have wondered how we should handle laptops in
14128 Debian Edu.  The Debian Edu infrastructure is mostly designed to
14129 handle stationary computers, and less suited for computers that come
14130 and go.</p>
14131
14132 <p>Now I finally believe I have an sensible idea on how to adjust
14133 Debian Edu for laptops, by introducing a new profile for them, for
14134 example called Roaming Workstations.  Here are my thought on this.
14135 The setup would consist of the following:</p>
14136
14137 <ul>
14138
14139  <li>During installation, the user name of the owner / primary user of
14140    the laptop is requested and a local home directory is set up for
14141    the user, with uid and gid information fetched from the LDAP
14142    server.  This allow the user to work also when offline.  The
14143    central home directory can be available in a subdirectory on
14144    request, for example mounted via CIFS.  It could be mounted
14145    automatically when a user log in while on the Debian Edu network,
14146    and unmounted when the machine is taken away (network down,
14147    hibernate, etc), it can be set up to do automatic mounting on
14148    request (using autofs), or perhaps some GUI button on the desktop
14149    can be used to access it when needed.  Perhaps it is enough to use
14150    the fish protocol in KDE?</li>
14151
14152  <li>Password checking is set up to use LDAP or Kerberos
14153    authentication when the machine is on the Debian Edu network, and
14154    to cache the password for offline checking when the machine unable
14155    to reach the LDAP or Kerberos server.  This can be done using
14156    <a href="http://www.padl.com/OSS/pam_ccreds.html">libpam-ccreds</a>
14157    or the Fedora developed
14158    <a href="https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/SSSD">System
14159    Security Services Daemon</a> packages.</li>
14160
14161  <li>File synchronisation with the central home directory is set up
14162    using a shared directory in both the local and the central home
14163    directory, using unison.</li>
14164
14165  <li>Printing should be set up to print to all printers broadcasting
14166    their existence on the local network, and should then work out of
14167    the box with CUPS.  For sites needing accurate printer quotas, some
14168    system with Kerberos authentication or printing via ssh could be
14169    implemented.</li>
14170
14171  <li>For users that should have local root access to their laptop,
14172    sudo should be used to allow this to the local user.</li>
14173
14174  <li>It would be nice if user and group information from LDAP is
14175    cached on the client, but given that there are entries for the
14176    local user and primary group in /etc/, it should not be needed.</li>
14177
14178 </ul>
14179
14180 <p>I believe all the pieces to implement this are in Debian/testing at
14181 the moment.  If we work quickly, we should be able to get this ready
14182 in time for the Squeeze release to freeze.  Some of the pieces need
14183 tweaking, like libpam-ccreds should get support for pam-auth-update
14184 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/566718">#566718</a>) and nslcd (or
14185 perhaps debian-edu-config) should get some integration code to stop
14186 its daemon when the LDAP server is unavailable to avoid long timeouts
14187 when disconnected from the net.  If we get Kerberos enabled, we need
14188 to make sure we avoid long timeouts there too.</p>
14189
14190 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
14191 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
14192
14193       </div>
14194       <div class="tags">
14195
14196
14197         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14198
14199
14200       </div>
14201     </div>
14202     <div class="padding"></div>
14203
14204     <div class="entry">
14205       <div class="title">
14206         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Kerberos_for_Debian_Edu_Squeeze_.html">Kerberos for Debian Edu/Squeeze?</a>
14207       </div>
14208       <div class="date">
14209         14th April 2010
14210       </div>
14211       <div class="body">
14212         <p><a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20100413-kerberos/">Yesterdays
14213 NUUG presentation</a> about Kerberos was inspiring, and reminded me
14214 about the need to start using Kerberos in Skolelinux.  Setting up a
14215 Kerberos server seem to be straight forward, and if we get this in
14216 place a long time before the Squeeze version of Debian freezes, we
14217 have a chance to migrate Skolelinux away from NFSv3 for the home
14218 directories, and over to an architecture where the infrastructure do
14219 not have to trust IP addresses and machines, and instead can trust
14220 users and cryptographic keys instead.</p>
14221
14222 <p>A challenge will be integration and administration.  Is there a
14223 Kerberos implementation for Debian where one can control the
14224 administration access in Kerberos using LDAP groups?  With it, the
14225 school administration will have to maintain access control using flat
14226 files on the main server, which give a huge potential for errors.</p>
14227
14228 <p>A related question I would like to know is how well Kerberos and
14229 pam-ccreds (offline password check) work together.  Anyone know?</p>
14230
14231 <p>Next step will be to use Kerberos for access control in Lwat and
14232 Nagios.  I have no idea how much work that will be to implement.  We
14233 would also need to document how to integrate with Windows AD, as such
14234 shared network will require two Kerberos realms that need to cooperate
14235 to work properly.</p>
14236
14237 <p>I believe a good start would be to start using Kerberos on the
14238 skolelinux.no machines, and this way get ourselves experience with
14239 configuration and integration.  A natural starting point would be
14240 setting up ldap.skolelinux.no as the Kerberos server, and migrate the
14241 rest of the machines from PAM via LDAP to PAM via Kerberos one at the
14242 time.</p>
14243
14244 <p>If you would like to contribute to get this working in Skolelinux,
14245 I recommend you to see the video recording from yesterdays NUUG
14246 presentation, and start using Kerberos at home.  The video show show
14247 up in a few days.</p>
14248
14249       </div>
14250       <div class="tags">
14251
14252
14253         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14254
14255
14256       </div>
14257     </div>
14258     <div class="padding"></div>
14259
14260     <div class="entry">
14261       <div class="title">
14262         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/After_6_years_of_waiting__the_Xreset_d_feature_is_implemented.html">After 6 years of waiting, the Xreset.d feature is implemented</a>
14263       </div>
14264       <div class="date">
14265          6th March 2010
14266       </div>
14267       <div class="body">
14268         <p>6 years ago, as part of the Debian Edu development I am involved
14269 in, I asked for a hook in the kdm and gdm setup to run scripts as root
14270 when the user log out.  A bug was submitted against the xfree86-common
14271 package in 2004 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/230422">#230422</a>),
14272 and revisited every time Debian Edu was working on a new release.
14273 Today, this finally paid off.</p>
14274
14275 <p>The framework for this feature was today commited to the git
14276 repositry for the xorg package, and the git repository for xdm has
14277 been updated to use this framework.  Next on my agenda is to make sure
14278 kdm and gdm also add code to use this framework.</p>
14279
14280 <p>In Debian Edu, we want to ability to run commands as root when the
14281 user log out, to get rid of runaway processes and do general cleanup
14282 after a user.  With this framework in place, we finally can do that in
14283 a generic way that work with all display managers using this
14284 framework.  My goal is to get all display managers in Debian use it,
14285 similar to how they use the Xsession.d framework today.<p>
14286
14287       </div>
14288       <div class="tags">
14289
14290
14291         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14292
14293
14294       </div>
14295     </div>
14296     <div class="padding"></div>
14297
14298     <div class="entry">
14299       <div class="title">
14300         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Lenny_released__work_continues.html">Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Lenny released, work continues</a>
14301       </div>
14302       <div class="date">
14303         11th February 2010
14304       </div>
14305       <div class="body">
14306         <p>On Tuesday, the Debian/Lenny based version of
14307 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> was finally
14308 shipped.  This was a major leap forward for the project, and I am very
14309 pleased that we finally got the release wrapped up.  Work on the first
14310 point release starts imediately, as we plan to get that one out a
14311 month after the major release, to include all fixes for bugs we found
14312 and fixed too late in the release process to include last Tuesday.</p>
14313
14314 <p>Perhaps it even is time for some partying?</p>
14315
14316 <p>After this first point release, my plan is to focus again on the
14317 next major release, based on Squeeze.  We will try to get as many of
14318 the fixes we need into the official Debian packages before the freeze,
14319 and have just a few weeks or months to make it happen.</p>
14320
14321       </div>
14322       <div class="tags">
14323
14324
14325         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14326
14327
14328       </div>
14329     </div>
14330     <div class="padding"></div>
14331
14332     <div class="entry">
14333       <div class="title">
14334         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_Munin_and_Nagios_configuration.html">Automatic Munin and Nagios configuration</a>
14335       </div>
14336       <div class="date">
14337         27th January 2010
14338       </div>
14339       <div class="body">
14340         <p>One of the new features in the next Debian/Lenny based release of
14341 Debian Edu/Skolelinux, which is scheduled for release in the next few
14342 days, is automatic configuration of the service monitoring system
14343 Nagios.  The previous release had automatic configuration of trend
14344 analysis using Munin, and this Lenny based release take that a step
14345 further.</p>
14346
14347 <p>When installing a Debian Edu Main-server, it is automatically
14348 configured as a Munin and Nagios server.  In addition, it is
14349 configured to be a server for the
14350 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/SiteSummary">SiteSummary
14351 system</a> I have written for use in Debian Edu.  The SiteSummary
14352 system is inspired by a system used by the University of Oslo where I
14353 work.  In short, the system provide a centralised collector of
14354 information about the computers on the network, and a client on each
14355 computer submitting information to this collector.  This allow for
14356 automatic information on which packages are installed on each machine,
14357 which kernel the machines are using, what kind of configuration the
14358 packages got etc.  This also allow us to automatically generate Munin
14359 and Nagios configuration.</p>
14360
14361 <p>All computers reporting to the sitesummary collector with the
14362 munin-node package installed is automatically enabled as a Munin
14363 client and graphs from the statistics collected from that machine show
14364 up automatically on http://www/munin/ on the Main-server.</p>
14365
14366 <p>All non-laptop computers reporting to the sitesummary collector are
14367 automatically monitored for network presence (ping and any network
14368 services detected).  In addition, all computers (also laptops) with
14369 the nagios-nrpe-server package installed and configured the way
14370 sitesummary would configure it, are monitored for full disks, software
14371 raid status, swap free and other checks that need to run locally on
14372 the machine.</p>
14373
14374 <p>The result is that the administrator on a school using Debian Edu
14375 based on Lenny will be able to check the health of his installation
14376 with one look at the Nagios settings, without having to spend any time
14377 keeping the Nagios configuration up-to-date.</p>
14378
14379 <p>The only configuration one need to do to get Nagios up and running
14380 is to set the password used to get access via HTTP.  The system
14381 administrator need to run "<tt>htpasswd /etc/nagios3/htpasswd.users
14382 nagiosadmin</tt>" to create a nagiosadmin user and set a password for
14383 it to be able to log into the Nagios web pages.  After that,
14384 everything is taken care of.</p>
14385
14386       </div>
14387       <div class="tags">
14388
14389
14390         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
14391
14392
14393       </div>
14394     </div>
14395     <div class="padding"></div>
14396
14397     <div class="entry">
14398       <div class="title">
14399         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Opphavet_til_Skolelinux_prosjektet.html">Opphavet til Skolelinux-prosjektet</a>
14400       </div>
14401       <div class="date">
14402         17th December 2009
14403       </div>
14404       <div class="body">
14405         <p>De færreste er klar over at Skolelinux-prosjektet kom som et resultat
14406 av en avgjørelse på årsmøtet i
14407 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">NUUG</a> i 2000-06-29, der Håkon Wium
14408 Lie, da varamedlem i styret, tok på seg oppdraget om å starte et
14409 initiativ kalt "Teach the Teacher", som skulle være et initiativ for
14410 å få fri programvare og unix-lignende operativsystemer inn i Skolen.
14411 Tanken var at en måtte starte med lærerne for at ungene skulle få
14412 mulighet til å møte en bedre IT-hverdag.  Jeg var tilstede på
14413 møtet, og hadde sans for ideen, men intet skjedde.  På vårparten
14414 2001 ble det arrangert en demonstrasjon i anledning at First Tuesday
14415 hadde invitert Microsoft til et møte for å fortelle om fremtidens
14416 Internet.  Dette provoserte endel av oss, og EFN og NUUG tok initiativ
14417 til å arrangere
14418 <a href="http://www.digi.no/60982/first-tuesday-mote-med-microsoft-protest">en
14419 demonstrasjon utenfor lokalene 2001-05-21</a>.  Blant de som sto bak
14420 demonstrasjonen var Vidar Bakke fra NUUG og Håkon W. Lie fra EFN.
14421 Etter demonstrasjonen arrangerte Håkon en fest hjemme hos seg der alle
14422 som hadde vært aktive i demonstrasjonsplanlegging og gjennomføringen
14423 deltok.  Før festen var jeg blitt lei av å vente på at Håkon skulle ta
14424 initiativ til "Teach the Teacher", og for å forsøke å få litt fremgang
14425 besteme jeg meg for å benytte anledningen hos Håkon til å snakke om
14426 behovet for å hjelpe skolene i gang med bedre datasystemer bestående
14427 av fri programvare og unix-lignende operativsystemer.  Flere var
14428 interessert, og Knut Yrvin tenkte på ideen.  Han
14429 <a href="http://developer.skolelinux.no/brev/2001-06-28-invitasjon-skolelinux.txt">ropte
14430 sammen</a> til et stiftelsesmøte i prosjektet i sin arbeidsgivers
14431 Objectwares lokaler ved Ullevål stadion 2001-07-02, og jeg ble med.
14432 Resten er historie. :)</p>
14433
14434       </div>
14435       <div class="tags">
14436
14437
14438         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14439
14440
14441       </div>
14442     </div>
14443     <div class="padding"></div>
14444
14445     <div class="entry">
14446       <div class="title">
14447         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_operativt_webbasert_medlemsregister_for_Fri_programvare_i_skolen.html">Endelig operativt webbasert medlemsregister for Fri programvare i skolen</a>
14448       </div>
14449       <div class="date">
14450          2nd November 2009
14451       </div>
14452       <div class="body">
14453         <p>Under helgens utviklersamling i
14454 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.no/">Skolelinux</a> fikk jeg endelig
14455 satt meg ned sammen med Ronny Aasen i styret for å få et webbasert
14456 medlemsregister tilbake på plass for foreningen som passer på
14457 skolelinuxprosjektet.  Etter flere års knot og problemer, er nå
14458 memberdb satt opp og klart til bruk.  Import av det gamle
14459 medlemsregisteret har vist seg vanskelig, så alle medlemmer bes om å
14460 registrere seg på nytt.  Hvis du støtter FRiSKs formål så er du
14461 hjertelig velkommen til
14462 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">å melde deg
14463 inn</a>. Formålet lyder:</p>
14464
14465 <blockquote>Linux i skolen skal tilrettelegge for og informere om bruk
14466 av fri programvare, i henhold til Debian Free Software Guidelines av
14467 2002-02-03, i den norske skolen, slik som f.eks. Linux og
14468 GNU.</blockquote>
14469
14470       </div>
14471       <div class="tags">
14472
14473
14474         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
14475
14476
14477       </div>
14478     </div>
14479     <div class="padding"></div>
14480
14481     <div class="entry">
14482       <div class="title">
14483         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Returning_from_Skolelinux_developer_gathering.html">Returning from Skolelinux developer gathering</a>
14484       </div>
14485       <div class="date">
14486         29th March 2009
14487       </div>
14488       <div class="body">
14489         <p>I'm sitting on the train going home from this weekends Debian
14490 Edu/Skolelinux development gathering.  I got a bit done tuning the
14491 desktop, and looked into the dynamic service location protocol
14492 implementation avahi.  It look like it could be useful for us.  Almost
14493 30 people participated, and I believe it was a great environment to
14494 get to know the Skolelinux system.  Walter Bender, involved in the
14495 development of the Sugar educational platform, presented his stuff and
14496 also helped me improve my OLPC installation.  He also showed me that
14497 his Turtle Art application can be used in standalone mode, and we
14498 agreed that I would help getting it packaged for Debian.  As a
14499 standalone application it would be great for Debian Edu.  We also
14500 tried to get the video conferencing working with two OLPCs, but that
14501 proved to be too hard for us.  The application seem to need more work
14502 before it is ready for me.  I look forward to getting home and relax
14503 now. :)</p>
14504
14505       </div>
14506       <div class="tags">
14507
14508
14509         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14510
14511
14512       </div>
14513     </div>
14514     <div class="padding"></div>
14515
14516     <div class="entry">
14517       <div class="title">
14518         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">Time for new  LDAP schemas replacing RFC 2307?</a>
14519       </div>
14520       <div class="date">
14521         29th March 2009
14522       </div>
14523       <div class="body">
14524         <p>The state of standardized LDAP schemas on Linux is far from
14525 optimal.  There is RFC 2307 documenting one way to store NIS maps in
14526 LDAP, and a modified version of this normally called RFC 2307bis, with
14527 some modifications to be compatible with Active Directory.  The RFC
14528 specification handle the content of a lot of system databases, but do
14529 not handle DNS zones and DHCP configuration.</p>
14530
14531 <p>In <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux</a>,
14532 we would like to store information about users, SMB clients/hosts,
14533 filegroups, netgroups (users and hosts), DHCP and DNS configuration,
14534 and LTSP configuration in LDAP.  These objects have a lot in common,
14535 but with the current LDAP schemas it is not possible to have one
14536 object per entity.  For example, one need to have at least three LDAP
14537 objects for a given computer, one with the SMB related stuff, one with
14538 DNS information and another with DHCP information.  The schemas
14539 provided for DNS and DHCP are impossible to combine into one LDAP
14540 object.  In addition, it is impossible to implement quick queries for
14541 netgroup membership, because of the way NIS triples are implemented.
14542 It just do not scale.  I believe it is time for a few RFC
14543 specifications to cleam up this mess.</p>
14544
14545 <p>I would like to have one LDAP object representing each computer in
14546 the network, and this object can then keep the SMB (ie host key), DHCP
14547 (mac address/name) and DNS (name/IP address) settings in one place.
14548 It need to be efficently stored to make sure it scale well.</p>
14549
14550 <p>I would also like to have a quick way to map from a user or
14551 computer and to the net group this user or computer is a member.</p>
14552
14553 <p>Active Directory have done a better job than unix heads like myself
14554 in this regard, and the unix side need to catch up.  Time to start a
14555 new IETF work group?</p>
14556
14557       </div>
14558       <div class="tags">
14559
14560
14561         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14562
14563
14564       </div>
14565     </div>
14566     <div class="padding"></div>
14567
14568     <div class="entry">
14569       <div class="title">
14570         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_er_Debian_Lenny_gitt_ut.html">Endelig er Debian Lenny gitt ut</a>
14571       </div>
14572       <div class="date">
14573         15th February 2009
14574       </div>
14575       <div class="body">
14576         <p>Endelig er <a href="http://www.debian.org/">Debian</a>
14577 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2009/20090214">Lenny</a> gitt ut.
14578 Et langt steg videre for Debian-prosjektet, og en rekke nye
14579 programpakker blir nå tilgjengelig for de av oss som bruker den
14580 stabile utgaven av Debian.  Neste steg er nå å få
14581 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> /
14582 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/">Debian Edu</a> ferdig
14583 oppdatert for den nye utgaven, slik at en oppdatert versjon kan
14584 slippes løs på skolene.  Takk til alle debian-utviklerne som har
14585 gjort dette mulig.  Endelig er f.eks. fungerende avhengighetsstyrt
14586 bootsekvens tilgjengelig i stabil utgave, vha pakken
14587 <tt>insserv</tt>.</p>
14588
14589       </div>
14590       <div class="tags">
14591
14592
14593         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
14594
14595
14596       </div>
14597     </div>
14598     <div class="padding"></div>
14599
14600     <div class="entry">
14601       <div class="title">
14602         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_norsk_stavekontroll_med_st_tte_for_ord_med_bindestrek.html">Endelig norsk stavekontroll med støtte for ord med bindestrek</a>
14603       </div>
14604       <div class="date">
14605         26th December 2008
14606       </div>
14607       <div class="body">
14608         <p>Etter flere års mislykkede forsøk på å skrive om byggesystemet for
14609 <a href="http://no.speling.org/">den norske stavekontrollen for bokmål
14610 og nynorsk</a> til å ikke bruke bindestrek som ordskillemarkør, lyktes jeg
14611 endelig første juledag.  Bruken av bindestrek som ordskillemarkør har
14612 gjort det umulig å få med ord med bindestrek i
14613 stavekontrolldatagrunnlaget, slik at ord som e-post og CD-spiller ikke
14614 kunne godtas av stavekontrollen.  Hadde litt tid til overs å bruke på
14615 stavekontrollen, og satte meg ned med to kopier av byggsystemet og en
14616 liten testdatafil, og byttet ut - med = på utvalgte steder i
14617 byggsystemet og datafilen helt til jeg fikk samme resultat med det
14618 gamle og det nye byggsystemet.  Dette tror jeg var forsøk 4, der de
14619 foregående har feilet uten at jeg klarte å forstå hvorfor.  Det sier
14620 kanskje litt om kompleksiteten i det originale byggsystemet som Rune
14621 Kleveland laget i sin tid.</p>
14622
14623 <p>Etter å ha endret byggsystemet, var neste steg å importere ordene
14624 med bindestrek.  Vi har en rekke slike i databasene for
14625 <a href="http://tyge.sslug.dk/~korsvoll/nb.speling.org/htdocs/">bokmål</a>
14626 og
14627 <a href="http://tyge.sslug.dk/~korsvoll/nn.speling.org/htdocs/">nynorsk</a>
14628 for korrektur av datagrunnlaget for stavekontrollen, og etter importen
14629 skulle nå 10350 nye ord bli godkjent som korrekt stavede ord av
14630 stavekontrollen.</p>
14631
14632       </div>
14633       <div class="tags">
14634
14635
14636         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
14637
14638
14639       </div>
14640     </div>
14641     <div class="padding"></div>
14642
14643     <div class="entry">
14644       <div class="title">
14645         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Devcamp_brought_us_closer_to_the_Lenny_based_Debian_Edu_release.html">Devcamp brought us closer to the Lenny based Debian Edu release</a>
14646       </div>
14647       <div class="date">
14648          7th December 2008
14649       </div>
14650       <div class="body">
14651         <p>This weekend we had a small developer gathering for Debian Edu in
14652 Oslo.  Most of Saturday was used for the general assemly for the
14653 member organization, but the rest of the weekend I used to tune the
14654 LTSP installation.  LTSP now work out of the box on the 10-network.
14655 Acer Aspire One proved to be a very nice thin client, with both
14656 screen, mouse and keybard in a small box.  Was working on getting the
14657 diskless workstation setup configured out of the box, but did not
14658 finish it before the weekend was up.</p>
14659
14660 <p>Did not find time to look at the 4 VGA cards in one box we got from
14661 the Brazilian group, so that will have to wait for the next
14662 development gathering.  Would love to have the Debian Edu installer
14663 automatically detect and configure a multiseat setup when it find one
14664 of these cards.</p>
14665
14666       </div>
14667       <div class="tags">
14668
14669
14670         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp</a>.
14671
14672
14673       </div>
14674     </div>
14675     <div class="padding"></div>
14676
14677     <div class="entry">
14678       <div class="title">
14679         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_sorry_state_of_multimedia_browser_plugins_in_Debian.html">The sorry state of multimedia browser plugins in Debian</a>
14680       </div>
14681       <div class="date">
14682         25th November 2008
14683       </div>
14684       <div class="body">
14685         <p>Recently I have spent some time evaluating the multimedia browser
14686 plugins available in Debian Lenny, to see which one we should use by
14687 default in Debian Edu.  We need an embedded video playing plugin with
14688 control buttons to pause or stop the video, and capable of streaming
14689 all the multimedia content available on the web.  The test results and
14690 notes are available on
14691 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/BrowserMultimedia">the
14692 Debian wiki</a>.  I was surprised how few of the plugins are able to
14693 fill this need.  My personal video player favorite, VLC, has a really
14694 bad plugin which fail on a lot of the test pages.  A lot of the MIME
14695 types I would expect to work with any free software player (like
14696 video/ogg), just do not work.  And simple formats like the
14697 audio/x-mplegurl format (m3u playlists), just isn't supported by the
14698 totem and vlc plugins.  I hope the situation will improve soon.  No
14699 wonder sites use the proprietary Adobe flash to play video.</p>
14700
14701 <p>For Lenny, we seem to end up with the mplayer plugin.  It seem to
14702 be the only one fitting our needs. :/</p>
14703
14704       </div>
14705       <div class="tags">
14706
14707
14708         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
14709
14710
14711       </div>
14712     </div>
14713     <div class="padding"></div>
14714
14715     <p style="text-align: right;"><a href="debian edu.rss"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/xml.gif" alt="RSS Feed" width="36" height="14" /></a></p>
14716     <div id="sidebar">
14717
14718
14719
14720 <h2>Archive</h2>
14721 <ul>
14722
14723 <li>2015
14724 <ul>
14725
14726 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/01/">January (7)</a></li>
14727
14728 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/02/">February (6)</a></li>
14729
14730 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/03/">March (1)</a></li>
14731
14732 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/04/">April (4)</a></li>
14733
14734 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/05/">May (3)</a></li>
14735
14736 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/06/">June (4)</a></li>
14737
14738 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/07/">July (6)</a></li>
14739
14740 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/08/">August (2)</a></li>
14741
14742 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/09/">September (2)</a></li>
14743
14744 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/10/">October (9)</a></li>
14745
14746 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/11/">November (6)</a></li>
14747
14748 </ul></li>
14749
14750 <li>2014
14751 <ul>
14752
14753 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/01/">January (2)</a></li>
14754
14755 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/02/">February (3)</a></li>
14756
14757 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/03/">March (8)</a></li>
14758
14759 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/04/">April (7)</a></li>
14760
14761 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/05/">May (1)</a></li>
14762
14763 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/06/">June (2)</a></li>
14764
14765 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/07/">July (2)</a></li>
14766
14767 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/08/">August (2)</a></li>
14768
14769 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/09/">September (5)</a></li>
14770
14771 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/10/">October (6)</a></li>
14772
14773 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/11/">November (3)</a></li>
14774
14775 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/12/">December (5)</a></li>
14776
14777 </ul></li>
14778
14779 <li>2013
14780 <ul>
14781
14782 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/01/">January (11)</a></li>
14783
14784 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/02/">February (9)</a></li>
14785
14786 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/03/">March (9)</a></li>
14787
14788 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/04/">April (6)</a></li>
14789
14790 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/05/">May (9)</a></li>
14791
14792 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/06/">June (10)</a></li>
14793
14794 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/07/">July (7)</a></li>
14795
14796 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/08/">August (3)</a></li>
14797
14798 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/09/">September (5)</a></li>
14799
14800 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/10/">October (7)</a></li>
14801
14802 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/11/">November (9)</a></li>
14803
14804 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/12/">December (3)</a></li>
14805
14806 </ul></li>
14807
14808 <li>2012
14809 <ul>
14810
14811 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/01/">January (7)</a></li>
14812
14813 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/02/">February (10)</a></li>
14814
14815 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/03/">March (17)</a></li>
14816
14817 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/04/">April (12)</a></li>
14818
14819 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/05/">May (12)</a></li>
14820
14821 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/06/">June (20)</a></li>
14822
14823 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/07/">July (17)</a></li>
14824
14825 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/08/">August (6)</a></li>
14826
14827 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/09/">September (9)</a></li>
14828
14829 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/10/">October (17)</a></li>
14830
14831 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/11/">November (10)</a></li>
14832
14833 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/12/">December (7)</a></li>
14834
14835 </ul></li>
14836
14837 <li>2011
14838 <ul>
14839
14840 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/01/">January (16)</a></li>
14841
14842 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/02/">February (6)</a></li>
14843
14844 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/03/">March (6)</a></li>
14845
14846 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/04/">April (7)</a></li>
14847
14848 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/05/">May (3)</a></li>
14849
14850 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/06/">June (2)</a></li>
14851
14852 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/07/">July (7)</a></li>
14853
14854 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/08/">August (6)</a></li>
14855
14856 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/09/">September (4)</a></li>
14857
14858 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/10/">October (2)</a></li>
14859
14860 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/11/">November (3)</a></li>
14861
14862 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/12/">December (1)</a></li>
14863
14864 </ul></li>
14865
14866 <li>2010
14867 <ul>
14868
14869 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/01/">January (2)</a></li>
14870
14871 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/02/">February (1)</a></li>
14872
14873 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/03/">March (3)</a></li>
14874
14875 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/04/">April (3)</a></li>
14876
14877 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/05/">May (9)</a></li>
14878
14879 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/06/">June (14)</a></li>
14880
14881 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/07/">July (12)</a></li>
14882
14883 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/08/">August (13)</a></li>
14884
14885 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/09/">September (7)</a></li>
14886
14887 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/10/">October (9)</a></li>
14888
14889 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/11/">November (13)</a></li>
14890
14891 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/12/">December (12)</a></li>
14892
14893 </ul></li>
14894
14895 <li>2009
14896 <ul>
14897
14898 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/01/">January (8)</a></li>
14899
14900 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/02/">February (8)</a></li>
14901
14902 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/03/">March (12)</a></li>
14903
14904 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/04/">April (10)</a></li>
14905
14906 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/05/">May (9)</a></li>
14907
14908 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/06/">June (3)</a></li>
14909
14910 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/07/">July (4)</a></li>
14911
14912 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/08/">August (3)</a></li>
14913
14914 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/09/">September (1)</a></li>
14915
14916 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/10/">October (2)</a></li>
14917
14918 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/11/">November (3)</a></li>
14919
14920 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/12/">December (3)</a></li>
14921
14922 </ul></li>
14923
14924 <li>2008
14925 <ul>
14926
14927 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/11/">November (5)</a></li>
14928
14929 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/12/">December (7)</a></li>
14930
14931 </ul></li>
14932
14933 </ul>
14934
14935
14936
14937 <h2>Tags</h2>
14938 <ul>
14939
14940  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/3d-printer">3d-printer (13)</a></li>
14941
14942  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/amiga">amiga (1)</a></li>
14943
14944  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/aros">aros (1)</a></li>
14945
14946  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bankid">bankid (4)</a></li>
14947
14948  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bitcoin">bitcoin (9)</a></li>
14949
14950  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem (15)</a></li>
14951
14952  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bsa">bsa (2)</a></li>
14953
14954  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/chrpath">chrpath (2)</a></li>
14955
14956  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian (114)</a></li>
14957
14958  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu (154)</a></li>
14959
14960  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/digistan">digistan (10)</a></li>
14961
14962  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/dld">dld (15)</a></li>
14963
14964  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook (20)</a></li>
14965
14966  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/drivstoffpriser">drivstoffpriser (4)</a></li>
14967
14968  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english (296)</a></li>
14969
14970  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fiksgatami">fiksgatami (23)</a></li>
14971
14972  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fildeling">fildeling (12)</a></li>
14973
14974  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture (24)</a></li>
14975
14976  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freedombox">freedombox (9)</a></li>
14977
14978  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/frikanalen">frikanalen (16)</a></li>
14979
14980  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/h264">h264 (20)</a></li>
14981
14982  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju (42)</a></li>
14983
14984  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram (10)</a></li>
14985
14986  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kart">kart (19)</a></li>
14987
14988  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap (9)</a></li>
14989
14990  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker (8)</a></li>
14991
14992  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lsdvd">lsdvd (2)</a></li>
14993
14994  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp (1)</a></li>
14995
14996  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/mesh network">mesh network (8)</a></li>
14997
14998  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia (36)</a></li>
14999
15000  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk (271)</a></li>
15001
15002  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug (177)</a></li>
15003
15004  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn (22)</a></li>
15005
15006  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/open311">open311 (2)</a></li>
15007
15008  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett (58)</a></li>
15009
15010  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern (92)</a></li>
15011
15012  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/raid">raid (1)</a></li>
15013
15014  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reactos">reactos (1)</a></li>
15015
15016  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reprap">reprap (11)</a></li>
15017
15018  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rfid">rfid (3)</a></li>
15019
15020  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/robot">robot (9)</a></li>
15021
15022  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rss">rss (1)</a></li>
15023
15024  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ruter">ruter (4)</a></li>
15025
15026  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/scraperwiki">scraperwiki (2)</a></li>
15027
15028  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet (44)</a></li>
15029
15030  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary (4)</a></li>
15031
15032  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/skepsis">skepsis (4)</a></li>
15033
15034  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard (48)</a></li>
15035
15036  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll (3)</a></li>
15037
15038  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stortinget">stortinget (10)</a></li>
15039
15040  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance (36)</a></li>
15041
15042  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sysadmin">sysadmin (2)</a></li>
15043
15044  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/usenix">usenix (2)</a></li>
15045
15046  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/valg">valg (8)</a></li>
15047
15048  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video (54)</a></li>
15049
15050  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/vitenskap">vitenskap (4)</a></li>
15051
15052  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web (37)</a></li>
15053
15054 </ul>
15055
15056
15057     </div>
15058     <p style="text-align: right">
15059  Created by <a href="http://steve.org.uk/Software/chronicle">Chronicle v4.6</a>
15060 </p>
15061
15062   </body>
15063 </html>