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  13  <h1>
  14      <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/">Petter Reinholdtsen</a>
  15
  16  </h1>
  17
  18 </div>
  19
  20
  21     <h3>Entries tagged "debian edu".</h3>
  22
  23     <div class="entry">
  24       <div class="title">
  25         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Jessie_based_Debian_Edu_beta_release.html">First Jessie based Debian Edu beta release</a>
  26       </div>
  27       <div class="date">
  28         26th April 2015
  29       </div>
  30       <div class="body">
  31         <p>I am happy to report that the Debian Edu team sent out
  32 <a href="https://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2015/04/msg00000.html">this
  33 announcement today</a>:</p>
  34
  35 <pre>
  36 the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project is pleased to announce the first
  37 *beta* release of Debian Edu "Jessie" 8.0+edu0~b1, which for the first
  38 time is composed entirely of packages from the current Debian stable
  39 release, Debian 8 "Jessie".
  40
  41 (As most reading this will know, Debian "Jessie" hasn't actually been
  42 released by now. The release is still in progress but should finish
  43 later today ;)
  44
  45 We expect to make a final release of Debian Edu "Jessie" in the coming
  46 weeks, timed with the first point release of Debian Jessie. Upgrades
  47 from this beta release of Debian Edu Jessie to the final release will
  48 be possible and encouraged!
  49
  50 Please report feedback to debian-edu@lists.debian.org and/or submit
  51 bugs: http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs
  52
  53 Debian Edu - sometimes also known as "Skolelinux" - is a complete
  54 operating system for schools, universities and other
  55 organisations. Through its pre- prepared installation profiles
  56 administrators can install servers, workstations and laptops which
  57 will work in harmony on the school network.  With Debian Edu, the
  58 teachers themselves or their technical support staff can roll out a
  59 complete multi-user, multi-machine study environment within hours or
  60 days.
  61
  62 Debian Edu is already in use at several hundred schools all over the
  63 world, particularly in Germany, Spain and Norway. Installations come
  64 with hundreds of applications pre-installed, plus the whole Debian
  65 archive of thousands of compatible packages within easy reach.
  66
  67 For those who want to give Debian Edu Jessie a try, download and
  68 installation instructions are available, including detailed
  69 instructions in the manual explaining the first steps, such as setting
  70 up a network or adding users.  Please note that the password for the
  71 user your prompted for during installation must have a length of at
  72 least 5 characters!
  73
  74 == Where to download ==
  75
  76 A multi-architecture CD / usbstick image (649 MiB) for network booting
  77 can be downloaded at the following locations:
  78
  79     http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~b1-CD.iso
  80     rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~b1-CD.iso .
  81
  82 The SHA1SUM of this image is: 54a524d16246cddd8d2cfd6ea52f2dd78c47ee0a
  83
  84 Alternatively an extended DVD / usbstick image (4.9 GiB) is also
  85 available, with more software included (saving additional download
  86 time):
  87
  88     http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~b1-USB.iso
  89     rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~b1-USB.iso
  90
  91 The SHA1SUM of this image is: fb1f1504a490c077a48653898f9d6a461cb3c636
  92
  93 Sources are available from the Debian archive, see
  94 http://ftp.debian.org/debian-cd/8.0.0/source/ for some download
  95 options.
  96
  97 == Debian Edu Jessie manual in seven languages ==
  98
  99 Please see https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie/ for
 100 the English version of the Debian Edu jessie manual.
 101
 102 This manual has been fully translated to German, French, Italian,
 103 Danish, Dutch and Norwegian Bokmål. A partly translated version exists
 104 for Spanish.  See http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/ for
 105 online version of the translated manual.
 106
 107 More information about Debian 8 "Jessie" itself is provided in the
 108 release notes and the installation manual:
 109 - http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/releasenotes
 110 - http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/installmanual
 111
 112
 113 == Errata / known problems ==
 114
 115     It takes up to 15 minutes for a changed hostname to be updated via
 116     DHCP (#780461).
 117
 118     The hostname script fails to update LTSP server hostname (#783087).
 119
 120 Workaround: run update-hostname-from-ip on the client to update the
 121 hostname immediately.
 122
 123 Check https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie for a possibly
 124 more current and complete list.
 125
 126 == Some more details about Debian Edu 8.0+edu0~b1 Codename Jessie released 2015-04-25 ==
 127
 128 === Software updates ===
 129
 130 Everything which is new in Debian 8 Jessie, e.g.:
 131
 132  * Linux kernel 3.16.7-ctk9; for the i386 architecture, support for
 133    i486 processors has been dropped; oldest supported ones: i586 (like
 134    Intel Pentium and AMD K5).
 135
 136  * Desktop environments KDE Plasma Workspaces 4.11.13, GNOME 3.14,
 137    Xfce 4.12, LXDE 0.5.6
 138    * new optional desktop environment: MATE 1.8
 139    * KDE Plasma Workspaces is installed by default; to choose one of
 140      the others see the manual.
 141  * the browsers Iceweasel 31 ESR and Chromium 41
 142  * LibreOffice 4.3.3
 143  * GOsa 2.7.4
 144  * LTSP 5.5.4
 145  * CUPS print system 1.7.5
 146  * new boot framework: systemd
 147  * Educational toolbox GCompris 14.12
 148  * Music creator Rosegarden 14.02
 149  * Image editor Gimp 2.8.14
 150  * Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.13.1
 151  * golearn 0.9
 152  * tuxpaint 0.9.22
 153  * New version of debian-installer from Debian Jessie.
 154  * Debian Jessie includes about 43000 packages available for installation.
 155  * More information about Debian 8 Jessie is provided in its release
 156    notes and the installation manual, see the link above.
 157
 158 === Installation changes ===
 159
 160     Installations done via PXE now also install firmware automatically
 161     for the hardware present.
 162
 163 === Fixed bugs ===
 164
 165 A number of bugs have been fixed in this release; the most noticeable
 166 from a user perspective:
 167
 168  * Inserting incorrect DNS information in Gosa will no longer break
 169    DNS completely, but instead stop DNS updates until the incorrect
 170    information is corrected (710362)
 171
 172  * shutdown-at-night now shuts the system down if gdm3 is used (775608).
 173
 174 === Sugar desktop removed ===
 175
 176 As the Sugar desktop was removed from Debian Jessie, it is also not
 177 available in Debian Edu jessie.
 178
 179
 180 == About Debian Edu / Skolelinux ==
 181
 182 Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux, is a Linux distribution based on
 183 Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
 184 configured school network. Directly after installation a school server
 185 running all services needed for a school network is set up just
 186 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
 187 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
 188 initial installation of the main server from CD or USB stick all other
 189 machines can be installed via the network. The provided school server
 190 provides LDAP database and Kerberos authentication service,
 191 centralized home directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other
 192 services.  The desktop contains more than 60 educational software
 193 packages and more are available from the Debian archive, and schools
 194 can choose between KDE, GNOME, LXDE, Xfce and MATE desktop
 195 environment.
 196
 197 == About Debian ==
 198
 199 The Debian Project was founded in 1993 by Ian Murdock to be a truly
 200 free community project. Since then the project has grown to be one of
 201 the largest and most influential open source projects. Thousands of
 202 volunteers from all over the world work together to create and
 203 maintain Debian software. Available in 70 languages, and supporting a
 204 huge range of computer types, Debian calls itself the universal
 205 operating system.
 206
 207 == Thanks ==
 208
 209 Thanks to everyone making Debian and Debian Edu / Skolelinux happen!
 210 You rock.
 211 </pre>
 212
 213       </div>
 214       <div class="tags">
 215
 216
 217         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 218
 219
 220       </div>
 221     </div>
 222     <div class="padding"></div>
 223
 224     <div class="entry">
 225       <div class="title">
 226         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Shirish_Agarwal.html">Debian Edu interview: Shirish Agarwal</a>
 227       </div>
 228       <div class="date">
 229         15th April 2015
 230       </div>
 231       <div class="body">
 232         <p>It was a surprise to me to learn that project to create a complete
 233 computer system for schools I've involved in,
 234 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>, was
 235 being used in India.  But apparently it is, and I managed to get an
 236 interview with one of the friends of the project there, Shirish
 237 Agarwal.</p>
 238
 239 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
 240
 241 <p>My name is Shirish Agarwal. Based out of the educational and
 242 historical city of Pune, from the western state of Maharashtra, India.
 243 My bread comes from giving training, giving policy tips,
 244 installations on free software to mom and pop shops in different
 245 fields from Desktop publishing to retail shops as well as work with
 246 few software start-ups as well.</p>
 247
 248 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
 249 project?</strong></p>
 250
 251 <p>It started innocently enough. I have been using Debian for a few
 252 years and in one local minidebconf / debutsav I was asked if there was
 253 anything for schools or education. I had worked / played with free
 254 educational softwares such as Gcompris and Stellarium for my many
 255 nieces and nephews so researched and found Debian Edu or Skolelinux as
 256 it was known then.  Since then I have started using the various
 257 education meta-packages provided by the project.</p>
 258
 259 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 260 Edu?</strong></p>
 261
 262 <p>It's closest I have seen where a package full of educational
 263 software are packed, which are free and open (both literally and
 264 figuratively).  Even if I take the simplest software which is
 265 gcompris, the number of activities therein are amazing. Another one of
 266 the softwares that I have liked for a long time is stellarium. Even
 267 pysycache is cool except for couple of issues I encountered
 268 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/781841">#781841</a> and
 269 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/781842">#781842</a>.</p>
 270
 271 <p>I prefer software installed on the system over web based solutions,
 272 as a web site can disappear any time but the software on disk has the
 273 possibility of a larger life span.  Of course with both it's more a
 274 question if it has enough users who make it fun or sustainable or both
 275 for the developer per-se.</p>
 276
 277 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 278 Edu?</strong></p>
 279
 280 <p>I do see that the Debian Edu team seems to be short-handed and I
 281 think more efforts should be made to make it popular and ask and take
 282 help from people and the larger community wherever possible.</p>
 283
 284 <p>I don't see any disadvantage to use Skolelinux apart from the fact
 285 that most apps. are generic which is good or bad how you see it.
 286 However, saying that I do acknowledge the fact that the canvas is
 287 pretty big and there are lot of interesting ideas that could be done
 288 but for reasons not known not done or if done I don't know about them.
 289 Let me share some of the ideas (these are more upstream based but
 290 still) I have had for a long time :</p>
 291
 292 <p>1. Classical maths question of two trains in opposing directions
 293 each running @x kmph/mph at y distance, when they will meet and how
 294 far would each travel and similar questions like these.
 295
 296 <p>The computer is a fantastic system where questions like these can
 297 be drawn, animated and the methodology and answers teased out in
 298 interactive manner. While sites such as the
 299 <a href="http://mathforum.org/dr.math/faq/faq.two.trains.html">Ask
 300 Dr. Math FAQ on The Two Trains problem</a> (as an example or point of
 301 inspiration) can be used there is lot more that can be done.  I dunno
 302 if there is a free software which does something like this.  The idea
 303 being a blend of objects + animation + interaction which does
 304 this. The whole interaction could be gamified with points or sounds or
 305 colourful celebration whenever the user gets even part of the question
 306 or/and methodology right. That would help reinforce good behaviour.
 307 This understanding could be used to share/showcase everything from how
 308 the first wheel came to be, to evolution to how astronomy started,
 309 psychics and everything in-between.</p>
 310
 311 <p>One specific idea in the train part was having the Linux mascot on
 312 one train and the BSD or GNU mascot on the other train and they
 313 meeting somewhere in-between. Characters from blender movies could
 314 also be used.</p>
 315
 316 <p>2. Loads of crossword-puzzles with reference to subjects: We have
 317 enormous data sets in Wikipedia and Wikitionary.  I don't think it
 318 should be a big job to design crossword puzzles. Using categories and
 319 sub-categories it should be doable to have Q&A single word answers
 320 from the existing data-sets. What would make it easy or hard could be
 321 the length of the word + existence of many or few vowels depending on
 322 the user's input.</p>
 323
 324 <p>3. Jigsaw puzzles - We already have a great software called
 325 palapeli with number of slicers making it pretty interesting. What
 326 needs to be done is to download large number of public domain and
 327 copyleft images, tease and use IPTC tags to categorise them into
 328 nature, history etc.  and let it loose. This could turn to be really
 329 huge collection of images. One source could be taken from
 330 commons.wikimedia.org, others could be huge collection of royalty-free
 331 stock photos. Potential is immense.</p>
 332
 333 <p>Apart from this, free software suffers in two directions, we lag
 334 both in development (of using new features per-se) and maintenance a
 335 lot.  This is more so in educational software as these applications
 336 need to be timely and the opportunity cost of missing deadlines is
 337 immense. If we are able to solve issues of funding for development and
 338 maintenance of such software I don't see any big difficulties. I know
 339 of few start-ups in and around India who would love to develop and
 340 maintain such software if funding issues could be solved.</p>
 341
 342 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
 343
 344 <p>That would be huge list. Some of the softwares are obviously apt,
 345 aptitude, debdelta, leafpad, the shell of course (zsh nowadays),
 346 quassel for IRC. In games I use shisen-sho while card-games are evenly
 347 between kpat and Aiselriot.  In desktops it's a tie between
 348 gnome-flashback and mate.</p>
 349
 350 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
 351 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
 352
 353 <p>I think it should first start with using specific FOSS apps. in
 354 whatever environment they are. If it's MS-Windows or Mac so be it.
 355 Once they are habitual with the apps. and there is buy-in from the
 356 school management then it could be installed anywhere. Most of the
 357 people now understand the concept of a repository because of the
 358 various online stores so it isn't hard to convince on that front.</p>
 359
 360 <p>What is harder is having enough people with technical skills and
 361 passion to service them. If you get buy-in from one or two teachers
 362 then ideas like above could also be asked to be done as a project as
 363 well.</p>
 364
 365 <p>I think where we fall short more than anything is in marketing. For
 366 instance, Debian has this whole range of fonts in its archive but
 367 there isn't even a page where all those different fonts in the La
 368 Ipsum format could be tried out for newcomers.</p>
 369
 370 <p>One of the issues faced constantly in installations is with updates
 371 and upgrades.  People have this myth that each update and upgrade
 372 means the user interface will / has to change. I have seen this
 373 innumerable times.  That perhaps is one of the reasons which browsers
 374 like Iceweasel / Firefox change user interfaces so much, not because
 375 it might be needed or be functional but because people believe that
 376 changed user interfaces are better. This, can easily be pointed with
 377 the user interfaces changed with almost every MS-Windows and Mac OS
 378 releases.</p>
 379
 380 <p>The problems with Debian Edu for deployment are many. The biggest
 381 is the huge gap between what is taught in schools and what Debian Edu
 382 is aimed at.
 383
 384 <p>Me and my friends did teach on week-ends in a government school for
 385 around 2 years, and
 386 <a href="https://flossexperiences.wordpress.com/2012/10/08/sharings/">gathered
 387 some experience</a> there.  Some of the things we learnt/discovered
 388 there was :</p>
 389
 390 <ol>
 391
 392   <li>Most of the teachers are very territorial about their subjects
 393    and they do not want you to teach anything out of the
 394    portion/syllabus given.</li>
 395
 396   <li>They want any activity on the system in accordance to whatever
 397    is in the syllabus.</li>
 398
 399   <li>There are huge barriers both with the English language and at
 400    times with objects or whatever. An example, let's say in gcompris
 401    you have objects falling down and you have to name them and let's
 402    say the falling object is a hat or a fedora hat, this would not be
 403    as recognizable as say a
 404    <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puneri_Pagadi">Puneri
 405    Pagdi</a> so there is need to inject local objects, words wherever
 406    possible. Especially for word-games there are so many hindi words
 407    which have become part of english vocabulary (for instance in
 408    parley), those could be made into a hinglish collection or
 409    something but that is something for upstream to do.</li>
 410
 411 </ol>
 412
 413       </div>
 414       <div class="tags">
 415
 416
 417         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
 418
 419
 420       </div>
 421     </div>
 422     <div class="padding"></div>
 423
 424     <div class="entry">
 425       <div class="title">
 426         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Jessie_based_Debian_Edu_released__alpha0_.html">First Jessie based Debian Edu released (alpha0)</a>
 427       </div>
 428       <div class="date">
 429         27th October 2014
 430       </div>
 431       <div class="body">
 432         <p>I am happy to report that I on behalf of the Debian Edu team just
 433 sent out
 434 <a href="https://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2014/10/msg00000.html">this
 435 announcement</a>:</p>
 436
 437 <pre>
 438 The Debian Edu Team is pleased to announce the release of Debian Edu
 439 Jessie 8.0+edu0~alpha0
 440
 441 Debian Edu is a complete operating system for schools. Through its
 442 various installation profiles you can install servers, workstations
 443 and laptops which will work together on the school network. With
 444 Debian Edu, the teachers themselves or their technical support can
 445 roll out a complete multi-user multi-machine study environment within
 446 hours or a few days. Debian Edu comes with hundreds of applications
 447 pre-installed, but you can always add more packages from Debian.
 448
 449 For those who want to give Debian Edu Jessie a try, download and
 450 installation instructions are available, including detailed
 451 instructions in the manual[1] explaining the first steps, such as
 452 setting up a network or adding users. Please note that the password
 453 for the user your prompted for during installation must have a length
 454 of at least 5 characters!
 455
 456  [1] &lt;URL: <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie">https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie</a> &gt;
 457
 458 Would you like to give your school's computer a longer life? Are you
 459 tired of sneaker administration, running from computer to computer
 460 reinstalling the operating system? Would you like to administrate all
 461 the computers in your school using only a couple of hours every week?
 462 Check out Debian Edu Jessie!
 463
 464 Skolelinux is used by at least two hundred schools all over the world,
 465 mostly in Germany and Norway.
 466
 467 About Debian Edu and Skolelinux
 468 ===============================
 469
 470 Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux[2], is a Linux distribution based
 471 on Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
 472 configured school network. Immediately after installation a school
 473 server running all services needed for a school network is set up just
 474 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
 475 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
 476 initial installation of the main server from CD or USB stick all other
 477 machines can be installed via the network.  The provided school server
 478 provides LDAP database and Kerberos authentication service,
 479 centralized home directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other
 480 services.  The desktop contains more than 60 educational software
 481 packages[3] and more are available from the Debian archive, and
 482 schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE, Xfce and MATE desktop
 483 environment.
 484
 485  [2] &lt;URL: <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">http://www.skolelinux.org/</a> &gt;
 486  [3] &lt;URL: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html</a> &gt;
 487
 488 Full release notes and manual
 489 =============================
 490
 491 Below the download URLs there is a list of some of the new features
 492 and bugfixes of Debian Edu 8.0+edu0~alpha0 Codename Jessie. The full
 493 list is part of the manual. (See the feature list in the manual[4] for
 494 the English version.) For some languages manual translations are
 495 available, see the manual translation overview[5].
 496
 497  [4] &lt;URL: <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie/Features">https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie/Features</a> &gt;
 498  [5] &lt;URL: <a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/">http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/</a> &gt;
 499
 500 Where to get it
 501 ---------------
 502
 503 To download the multiarch netinstall CD release (624 MiB) you can use
 504
 505  * <a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso</a>
 506  * <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso</a>
 507  * rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso .
 508
 509 The SHA1SUM of this image is: 361188818e036ce67280a572f757de82ebfeb095
 510
 511 New features for Debian Edu 8.0+edu0~alpha0 Codename Jessie released 2014-10-27
 512 ===============================================================================
 513
 514
 515 Installation changes
 516 --------------------
 517
 518  * PXE installation now installs firmware automatically for the hardware present.
 519
 520 Software updates
 521 ----------------
 522
 523 Everything which is new in Debian Jessie 8.0, eg:
 524
 525  * Linux kernel 3.16.x
 526  * Desktop environments KDE "Plasma" 4.11.12, GNOME 3.14, Xfce 4.10,
 527    LXDE 0.5.6 and MATE 1.8 (KDE "Plasma" is installed by default; to
 528    choose one of the others see manual.)
 529  * the browsers Iceweasel 31 ESR and Chromium 38
 530  * !LibreOffice 4.3.3
 531  * GOsa 2.7.4
 532  * LTSP 5.5.4
 533  * CUPS print system 1.7.5
 534  * new boot framework: systemd
 535  * Educational toolbox GCompris 14.07
 536  * Music creator Rosegarden 14.02
 537  * Image editor Gimp 2.8.14
 538  * Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.13.0
 539  * golearn 0.9
 540  * tuxpaint 0.9.22
 541  * New version of debian-installer from Debian Jessie.
 542  * Debian Jessie includes about 42000 packages available for
 543    installation.
 544  * More information about Debian Jessie 8.0 is provided in the release
 545    notes[6] and the installation manual[7].
 546
 547  [6] &lt;URL: <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/releasenotes">http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/releasenotes</a> &gt;
 548  [7] &lt;URL: <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/installmanual">http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/installmanual</a> &gt;
 549
 550 Fixed bugs
 551 ----------
 552
 553  * Inserting incorrect DNS information in Gosa will no longer break
 554    DNS completely, but instead stop DNS updates until the incorrect
 555    information is corrected (Debian bug #710362)
 556  * and many others.
 557
 558 Documentation and translation updates
 559 -------------------------------------
 560
 561  * The Debian Edu Jessie Manual is fully translated to German, French,
 562    Italian, Danish and Dutch. Partly translated versions exist for
 563    Norwegian Bokmal and Spanish.
 564
 565 Other changes
 566 -------------
 567
 568  * Due to new Squid settings, powering off or rebooting the main
 569    server takes more time.
 570  * To manage printers localhost:631 has to be used, currently www:631
 571    doesn't work.
 572
 573 Regressions / known problems
 574 ----------------------------
 575
 576  * Installing LTSP chroot fails with a bug related to eatmydata about
 577    exim4-config failing to run its postinst (see Debian bug #765694
 578    and Debian bug #762103).
 579  * Munin collection is not properly configured on clients (Debian bug
 580    #764594).  The fix is available in a newer version of munin-node.
 581  * PXE setup for Main Server and Thin Client Server setup does not
 582    work when installing on a machine without direct Internet access.
 583    Will be fixed when Debian bug #766960 is fixed in Jessie.
 584
 585 See the status page[8] for the complete list.
 586
 587  [8] &lt;URL: <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie">https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie</a> &gt;
 588
 589 How to report bugs
 590 ------------------
 591
 592 &lt;URL: <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a> &gt;
 593
 594 About Debian
 595 ============
 596
 597 The Debian Project was founded in 1993 by Ian Murdock to be a truly
 598 free community project. Since then the project has grown to be one of
 599 the largest and most influential open source projects. Thousands of
 600 volunteers from all over the world work together to create and
 601 maintain Debian software. Available in 70 languages, and supporting a
 602 huge range of computer types, Debian calls itself the universal
 603 operating system.
 604
 605 Contact Information
 606 For further information, please visit the Debian web pages[9] or send
 607 mail to press@debian.org.
 608
 609  [9] &lt;URL: <a href="http://www.debian.org/">http://www.debian.org/</a> &gt;
 610 </pre>
 611
 612       </div>
 613       <div class="tags">
 614
 615
 616         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 617
 618
 619       </div>
 620     </div>
 621     <div class="padding"></div>
 622
 623     <div class="entry">
 624       <div class="title">
 625         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_test_Debian_Edu_Jessie_despite_some_fatal_problems_with_the_installer.html">How to test Debian Edu Jessie despite some fatal problems with the installer</a>
 626       </div>
 627       <div class="date">
 628         26th September 2014
 629       </div>
 630       <div class="body">
 631         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
 632 project</a> provide a Linux solution for schools, including a
 633 powerful desktop with education software, a central server providing
 634 web pages, user database, user home directories, central login and PXE
 635 boot of both  clients without disk and the installation to install Debian
 636 Edu on machines with disk (and a few other services perhaps to small
 637 to mention here).  We in the Debian Edu team are currently working on
 638 the Jessie based version, trying to get everything in shape before the
 639 freeze, to avoid having to maintain our own package repository in the
 640 future.  The
 641 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie">current
 642 status</a> can be seen on the Debian wiki, and there is still heaps of
 643 work left.  Some fatal problems block testing, breaking the installer,
 644 but it is possible to work around these to get anyway.  Here is a
 645 recipe on how to get the installation limping along.</p>
 646
 647 <p>First, download the test ISO via
 648 <a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.no/cd-edu-testing-nolocal-netinst/debian-edu-amd64-i386-NETINST-1.iso">ftp</a>,
 649 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.no/cd-edu-testing-nolocal-netinst/debian-edu-amd64-i386-NETINST-1.iso">http</a>
 650 or rsync (use
 651 ftp.skolelinux.org::cd-edu-testing-nolocal-netinst/debian-edu-amd64-i386-NETINST-1.iso).
 652 The ISO build was broken on Tuesday, so we do not get a new ISO every
 653 12 hours or so, but thankfully the ISO we already got we are able to
 654 install with some tweaking.</p>
 655
 656 <p>When you get to the Debian Edu profile question, go to tty2
 657 (use Alt-Ctrl-F2), run</p>
 658
 659 <p><blockquote><pre>
 660 nano /usr/bin/edu-eatmydata-install
 661 </pre></blockquote></p>
 662
 663 <p>and add 'exit 0' as the second line, disabling the eatmydata
 664 optimization.  Return to the installation, select the profile you want
 665 and continue.  Without this change, exim4-config will fail to install
 666 due to a known bug in eatmydata.</p>
 667
 668 <p>When you get the grub question at the end, answer /dev/sda (or if
 669 this do not work, figure out what your correct value would be.  All my
 670 test machines need /dev/sda, so I have no advice if it do not fit
 671 your need.</p>
 672
 673 <p>If you installed a profile including a graphical desktop, log in as
 674 root after the initial boot from hard drive, and install the
 675 education-desktop-XXX metapackage.  XXX can be kde, gnome, lxde, xfce
 676 or mate.  If you want several desktop options, install more than one
 677 metapackage.  Once this is done, reboot and you should have a working
 678 graphical login screen.  This workaround should no longer be needed
 679 once the education-tasks package version 1.801 enter testing in two
 680 days.</p>
 681
 682 <p>I believe the ISO build will start working on two days when the new
 683 tasksel package enter testing and Steve McIntyre get a chance to
 684 update the debian-cd git repository.  The eatmydata, grub and desktop
 685 issues are already fixed in unstable and testing, and should show up
 686 on the ISO as soon as the ISO build start working again.  Well the
 687 eatmydata optimization is really just disabled.  The proper fix
 688 require an upload by the eatmydata maintainer applying the patch
 689 provided in bug <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/702711">#702711</a>.
 690 The rest have proper fixes in unstable.</p>
 691
 692 <p>I hope this get you going with the installation testing, as we are
 693 quickly running out of time trying to get our Jessie based
 694 installation ready before the distribution freeze in a month.</p>
 695
 696       </div>
 697       <div class="tags">
 698
 699
 700         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 701
 702
 703       </div>
 704     </div>
 705     <div class="padding"></div>
 706
 707     <div class="entry">
 708       <div class="title">
 709         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Speeding_up_the_Debian_installer_using_eatmydata_and_dpkg_divert.html">Speeding up the Debian installer using eatmydata and dpkg-divert</a>
 710       </div>
 711       <div class="date">
 712         16th September 2014
 713       </div>
 714       <div class="body">
 715         <p>The <a href="https://www.debian.org/">Debian</a> installer could be
 716 a lot quicker.  When we install more than 2000 packages in
 717 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a> using
 718 tasksel in the installer, unpacking the binary packages take forever.
 719 A part of the slow I/O issue was discussed in
 720 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/613428">bug #613428</a> about too
 721 much file system sync-ing done by dpkg, which is the package
 722 responsible for unpacking the binary packages.  Other parts (like code
 723 executed by postinst scripts) might also sync to disk during
 724 installation.  All this sync-ing to disk do not really make sense to
 725 me.  If the machine crash half-way through, I start over, I do not try
 726 to salvage the half installed system.  So the failure sync-ing is
 727 supposed to protect against, hardware or system crash, is not really
 728 relevant while the installer is running.</p>
 729
 730 <p>A few days ago, I thought of a way to get rid of all the file
 731 system sync()-ing in a fairly non-intrusive way, without the need to
 732 change the code in several packages.  The idea is not new, but I have
 733 not heard anyone propose the approach using dpkg-divert before.  It
 734 depend on the small and clever package
 735 <a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/eatmydata">eatmydata</a>, which
 736 uses LD_PRELOAD to replace the system functions for syncing data to
 737 disk with functions doing nothing, thus allowing programs to live
 738 dangerous while speeding up disk I/O significantly.  Instead of
 739 modifying the implementation of dpkg, apt and tasksel (which are the
 740 packages responsible for selecting, fetching and installing packages),
 741 it occurred to me that we could just divert the programs away, replace
 742 them with a simple shell wrapper calling
 743 "eatmydata&nbsp;$program&nbsp;$@", to get the same effect.
 744 Two days ago I decided to test the idea, and wrapped up a simple
 745 implementation for the Debian Edu udeb.</p>
 746
 747 <p>The effect was stunning.  In my first test it reduced the running
 748 time of the pkgsel step (installing tasks) from 64 to less than 44
 749 minutes (20 minutes shaved off the installation) on an old Dell
 750 Latitude D505 machine.  I am not quite sure what the optimised time
 751 would have been, as I messed up the testing a bit, causing the debconf
 752 priority to get low enough for two questions to pop up during
 753 installation.  As soon as I saw the questions I moved the installation
 754 along, but do not know how long the question were holding up the
 755 installation.  I did some more measurements using Debian Edu Jessie,
 756 and got these results.  The time measured is the time stamp in
 757 /var/log/syslog between the "pkgsel: starting tasksel" and the
 758 "pkgsel: finishing up" lines, if you want to do the same measurement
 759 yourself.  In Debian Edu, the tasksel dialog do not show up, and the
 760 timing thus do not depend on how quickly the user handle the tasksel
 761 dialog.</p>
 762
 763 <p><table>
 764
 765 <tr>
 766 <th>Machine/setup</th>
 767 <th>Original tasksel</th>
 768 <th>Optimised tasksel</th>
 769 <th>Reduction</th>
 770 </tr>
 771
 772 <tr>
 773 <td>Latitude D505 Main+LTSP LXDE</td>
 774 <td>64 min (07:46-08:50)</td>
 775 <td><44 min (11:27-12:11)</td>
 776 <td>>20 min 18%</td>
 777 </tr>
 778
 779 <tr>
 780 <td>Latitude D505 Roaming LXDE</td>
 781 <td>57 min (08:48-09:45)</td>
 782 <td>34 min (07:43-08:17)</td>
 783 <td>23 min 40%</td>
 784 </tr>
 785
 786 <tr>
 787 <td>Latitude D505 Minimal</td>
 788 <td>22 min (10:37-10:59)</td>
 789 <td>11 min (11:16-11:27)</td>
 790 <td>11 min 50%</td>
 791 </tr>
 792
 793 <tr>
 794 <td>Thinkpad X200 Minimal</td>
 795 <td>6 min (08:19-08:25)</td>
 796 <td>4 min (08:04-08:08)</td>
 797 <td>2 min 33%</td>
 798 </tr>
 799
 800 <tr>
 801 <td>Thinkpad X200 Roaming KDE</td>
 802 <td>19 min (09:21-09:40)</td>
 803 <td>15 min (10:25-10:40)</td>
 804 <td>4 min 21%</td>
 805 </tr>
 806
 807 </table></p>
 808
 809 <p>The test is done using a netinst ISO on a USB stick, so some of the
 810 time is spent downloading packages.  The connection to the Internet
 811 was 100Mbit/s during testing, so downloading should not be a
 812 significant factor in the measurement.  Download typically took a few
 813 seconds to a few minutes, depending on the amount of packages being
 814 installed.</p>
 815
 816 <p>The speedup is implemented by using two hooks in
 817 <a href="https://www.debian.org/devel/debian-installer/">Debian
 818 Installer</a>, the pre-pkgsel.d hook to set up the diverts, and the
 819 finish-install.d hook to remove the divert at the end of the
 820 installation.  I picked the pre-pkgsel.d hook instead of the
 821 post-base-installer.d hook because I test using an ISO without the
 822 eatmydata package included, and the post-base-installer.d hook in
 823 Debian Edu can only operate on packages included in the ISO.  The
 824 negative effect of this is that I am unable to activate this
 825 optimization for the kernel installation step in d-i.  If the code is
 826 moved to the post-base-installer.d hook, the speedup would be larger
 827 for the entire installation.</p>
 828
 829 <p>I've implemented this in the
 830 <a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/debian-edu-install">debian-edu-install</a>
 831 git repository, and plan to provide the optimization as part of the
 832 Debian Edu installation.  If you want to test this yourself, you can
 833 create two files in the installer (or in an udeb).  One shell script
 834 need do go into /usr/lib/pre-pkgsel.d/, with content like this:</p>
 835
 836 <p><blockquote><pre>
 837 #!/bin/sh
 838 set -e
 839 . /usr/share/debconf/confmodule
 840 info() {
 841     logger -t my-pkgsel "info: $*"
 842 }
 843 error() {
 844     logger -t my-pkgsel "error: $*"
 845 }
 846 override_install() {
 847     apt-install eatmydata || true
 848     if [ -x /target/usr/bin/eatmydata ] ; then
 849         for bin in dpkg apt-get aptitude tasksel ; do
 850             file=/usr/bin/$bin
 851             # Test that the file exist and have not been diverted already.
 852             if [ -f /target$file ] ; then
 853                 info "diverting $file using eatmydata"
 854                 printf "#!/bin/sh\neatmydata $bin.distrib \"\$@\"\n" \
 855                     > /target$file.edu
 856                 chmod 755 /target$file.edu
 857                 in-target dpkg-divert --package debian-edu-config \
 858                     --rename --quiet --add $file
 859                 ln -sf ./$bin.edu /target$file
 860             else
 861                 error "unable to divert $file, as it is missing."
 862             fi
 863         done
 864     else
 865         error "unable to find /usr/bin/eatmydata after installing the eatmydata pacage"
 866     fi
 867 }
 868
 869 override_install
 870 </pre></blockquote></p>
 871
 872 <p>To clean up, another shell script should go into
 873 /usr/lib/finish-install.d/ with code like this:
 874
 875 <p><blockquote><pre>
 876 #! /bin/sh -e
 877 . /usr/share/debconf/confmodule
 878 error() {
 879     logger -t my-finish-install "error: $@"
 880 }
 881 remove_install_override() {
 882     for bin in dpkg apt-get aptitude tasksel ; do
 883         file=/usr/bin/$bin
 884         if [ -x /target$file.edu ] ; then
 885             rm /target$file
 886             in-target dpkg-divert --package debian-edu-config \
 887                 --rename --quiet --remove $file
 888             rm /target$file.edu
 889         else
 890             error "Missing divert for $file."
 891         fi
 892     done
 893     sync # Flush file buffers before continuing
 894 }
 895
 896 remove_install_override
 897 </pre></blockquote></p>
 898
 899 <p>In Debian Edu, I placed both code fragments in a separate script
 900 edu-eatmydata-install and call it from the pre-pkgsel.d and
 901 finish-install.d scripts.</p>
 902
 903 <p>By now you might ask if this change should get into the normal
 904 Debian installer too?  I suspect it should, but am not sure the
 905 current debian-installer coordinators find it useful enough.  It also
 906 depend on the side effects of the change.  I'm not aware of any, but I
 907 guess we will see if the change is safe after some more testing.
 908 Perhaps there is some package in Debian depending on sync() and
 909 fsync() having effect?  Perhaps it should go into its own udeb, to
 910 allow those of us wanting to enable it to do so without affecting
 911 everyone.</p>
 912
 913 <p>Update 2014-09-24: Since a few days ago, enabling this optimization
 914 will break installation of all programs using gnutls because of
 915 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/702711">bug #702711</a>.  An updated
 916 eatmydata package in Debian will solve it.</p>
 917
 918 <p>Update 2014-10-17: The bug mentioned above is fixed in testing and
 919 the optimization work again.  And I have discovered that the
 920 dpkg-divert trick is not really needed and implemented a slightly
 921 simpler approach as part of the debian-edu-install package.  See
 922 tools/edu-eatmydata-install in the source package.</p>
 923
 924 <p>Update 2014-11-11: Unfortunately, a new
 925 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/765738">bug #765738</a> in eatmydata only
 926 triggering on i386 made it into testing, and broke this installation
 927 optimization again.  If <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/768893">unblock
 928 request 768893</a> is accepted, it should be working again.</p>
 929
 930       </div>
 931       <div class="tags">
 932
 933
 934         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 935
 936
 937       </div>
 938     </div>
 939     <div class="padding"></div>
 940
 941     <div class="entry">
 942       <div class="title">
 943         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Bernd_Zeitzen.html">Debian Edu interview: Bernd Zeitzen</a>
 944       </div>
 945       <div class="date">
 946         31st July 2014
 947       </div>
 948       <div class="body">
 949         <p>The complete and free “out of the box” software solution for
 950 schools, <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
 951 Skolelinux</a>, is used quite a lot in Germany, and one of the people
 952 involved is Bernd Zeitzen, who show up on the project mailing lists
 953 from time to time with interesting questions and tips on how to adjust
 954 the setup.  I managed to interview him this summer.</p>
 955
 956 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
 957
 958 <p>My name is Bernd Zeitzen and I'm married with Hedda, a self
 959 employed physiotherapist.  My former profession is tool maker, but I
 960 haven't worked for 30 years in this job.  30 years ago I started to
 961 support my wife and become her officeworker and a few years later the
 962 administrator for a small computer network, today based on Ubuntu
 963 Server (Samba, OpenVPN). For her daily work she has to use Windows
 964 Desktops because the software she needs to organize her business only
 965 works with Windows . :-(</p>
 966
 967 <p>In 1988 we started with one PC and DOS, then I learned to use
 968 Windows 98, 2000, XP, …, 8, Ubuntu, MacOSX.  Today we are running a
 969 Linux server with 6 Windows clients and 10 persons (teacher of
 970 children with special needs, speech therapist, occupational therapist,
 971 psychologist and officeworkers) using our Samba shares via OpenVPN to
 972 work with the documentations of our patients.</p>
 973
 974 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
 975 project?</strong></p>
 976
 977 <p>Two years ago a friend of mine asked me, if I want to get a job in
 978 his school (<a href="http://www.gymnasium-harsewinkel.de/">Gymnasium
 979 Harsewinkel</a>).  They started with Skolelinux / Debian Edu and they
 980 were looking for people to give support to the teachers using the
 981 software and the network and teaching the pupils increasing their
 982 computer skills in optional lessons.  I'm spending 4-6 hours a week
 983 with this job.</p>
 984
 985 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 986 Edu?</strong></p>
 987
 988 <p>The independence.</p>
 989
 990 <p>First: Every person is allowed to use, share and develop the
 991 software. Even if you are poor, you are allowed to use the software
 992 included in Skolelinux/Debian Edu and all the other Free Software.</p>
 993
 994 <p>Second: The software runs on old machines and this gives us the
 995 possibility to recycle computers, weeded out from offices.  The
 996 servers and desktops are running for more than two years and they are
 997 working reliable. </p>
 998
 999 <p>We have two servers (one tjener and one terminal server), 45
1000 workstations in three classrooms and seven laptops as a mobile
1001 solution for all classrooms.  These machines are all booting from the
1002 terminal server.  In the moment we are installing 30 laptops as mobile
1003 workstations.  Then the pupils have the possibility to work with these
1004 machines in their classrooms.  Internet access is realized by a WLAN
1005 router, connected to the schools network. This is all done without a
1006 dedicated system administrator or a computer science teacher.</p>
1007
1008 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1009 Edu?</strong></p>
1010
1011 <p>Teachers and pupils are Windows users.  &lt;Irony on&gt; And Linux
1012 isn't cool. It's software for freaks using the command line. &lt;Irony
1013 off&gt; They don't realize the stability of the system. </p>
1014
1015 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
1016
1017 <p>Firefox, Thunderbird, LibreOffice, Ubuntu Server 12.04 (Samba,
1018 Apache, MySQL, Joomla!, … and Skolelinux / Debian Edu)</p>
1019
1020 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
1021 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
1022
1023 <p>In Germany we have the situation: every school is free to decide
1024 which software they want to use. This decision is influenced by
1025 teachers who learned to use Windows and MS Office. They buy a PC with
1026 Windows preinstalled and an additional testing version of MS
1027 Office. They don't know about the possibility to use Free Software
1028 instead.  Another problem are the publisher of school books.  They
1029 develop their software, added to the school books, for Windows.</p>
1030
1031       </div>
1032       <div class="tags">
1033
1034
1035         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
1036
1037
1038       </div>
1039     </div>
1040     <div class="padding"></div>
1041
1042     <div class="entry">
1043       <div class="title">
1044         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/From_English_wiki_to_translated_PDF_and_epub_via_Docbook.html">From English wiki to translated PDF and epub via Docbook</a>
1045       </div>
1046       <div class="date">
1047         17th June 2014
1048       </div>
1049       <div class="body">
1050         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
1051 project</a> provide an instruction manual for teachers, system
1052 administrators and other users that contain useful tips for setting up
1053 and maintaining a Debian Edu installation.  This text is about how the
1054 text processing of this manual is handled in the project.</p>
1055
1056 <p>One goal of the project is to provide information in the native
1057 language of its users, and for this we need to handle translations.
1058 But we also want to make sure each language contain the same
1059 information, so for this we need a good way to keep the translations
1060 in sync.  And we want it to be easy for our users to improve the
1061 documentation, avoiding the need to learn special formats or tools to
1062 contribute, and the obvious way to do this is to make it possible to
1063 edit the documentation using a web browser.  We also want it to be
1064 easy for translators to keep the translation up to date, and give them
1065 help in figuring out what need to be translated. Here is the list of
1066 tools and the process we have found trying to reach all these
1067 goals.</p>
1068
1069 <p>We maintain the authoritative source of our manual in the
1070 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/">Debian
1071 wiki</a>, as several wiki pages written in English.  It consist of one
1072 front page with references to the different chapters, several pages
1073 for each chapter, and finally one "collection page" gluing all the
1074 chapters together into one large web page (aka
1075 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/AllInOne">the
1076 AllInOne page</a>).  The AllInOne page is the one used for further
1077 processing and translations.  Thanks to the fact that the
1078 <a href="http://moinmo.in/">MoinMoin</a> installation on
1079 wiki.debian.org support exporting pages in
1080 <a href="http://www.docbook.org/">the Docbook format</a>, we can fetch
1081 the list of pages to export using the raw version of the AllInOne
1082 page, loop over each of them to generate a Docbook XML version of the
1083 manual.  This process also download images and transform image
1084 references to use the locally downloaded images.  The generated
1085 Docbook XML files are slightly broken, so some post-processing is done
1086 using the <tt>documentation/scripts/get_manual</tt> program, and the
1087 result is a nice Docbook XML file (debian-edu-wheezy-manual.xml) and
1088 a handfull of images.  The XML file can now be used to generate PDF, HTML
1089 and epub versions of the English manual.  This is the basic step of
1090 our process, making PDF (using dblatex), HTML (using xsltproc) and
1091 epub (using dbtoepub) version from Docbook XML, and the resulting files
1092 are placed in the debian-edu-doc-en binary package.</p>
1093
1094 <p>But English documentation is not enough for us.  We want translated
1095 documentation too, and we want to make it easy for translators to
1096 track the English original.  For this we use the
1097 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/p/poxml.html">poxml</a> package,
1098 which allow us to transform the English Docbook XML file into a
1099 translation file (a .pot file), usable with the normal gettext based
1100 translation tools used by those translating free software.  The pot
1101 file is used to create and maintain translation files (several .po
1102 files), which the translations update with the native language
1103 translations of all titles, paragraphs and blocks of text in the
1104 original.  The next step is combining the original English Docbook XML
1105 and the translation file (say debian-edu-wheezy-manual.nb.po), to
1106 create a translated Docbook XML file (in this case
1107 debian-edu-wheezy-manual.nb.xml).  This translated (or partly
1108 translated, if the translation is not complete) Docbook XML file can
1109 then be used like the original to create a PDF, HTML and epub version
1110 of the documentation.</p>
1111
1112 <p>The translators use different tools to edit the .po files.  We
1113 recommend using
1114 <a href="http://www.kde.org/applications/development/lokalize/">lokalize</a>,
1115 while some use emacs and vi, others can use web based editors like
1116 <a href="http://pootle.translatehouse.org/">Poodle</a> or
1117 <a href="https://www.transifex.com/">Transifex</a>.  All we care about
1118 is where the .po file end up, in our git repository.  Updated
1119 translations can either be committed directly to git, or submitted as
1120 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/src:debian-edu-doc">bug reports
1121 against the debian-edu-doc package</a>.</p>
1122
1123 <p>One challenge is images, which both might need to be translated (if
1124 they show translated user applications), and are needed in different
1125 formats when creating PDF and HTML versions (epub is a HTML version in
1126 this regard).  For this we transform the original PNG images to the
1127 needed density and format during build, and have a way to provide
1128 translated images by storing translated versions in
1129 images/$LANGUAGECODE/.  I am a bit unsure about the details here.  The
1130 package maintainers know more.</p>
1131
1132 <p>If you wonder what the result look like, we provide
1133 <a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/">the content
1134 of the documentation packages on the web</a>.  See for example the
1135 <a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/it/debian-edu-wheezy-manual.pdf">Italian
1136 PDF version</a> or the
1137 <a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/de/debian-edu-wheezy-manual.html">German
1138 HTML version</a>.  We do not yet build the epub version by default,
1139 but perhaps it will be done in the future.</p>
1140
1141 <p>To learn more, check out
1142 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/d/debian-edu-doc.html">the
1143 debian-edu-doc package</a>,
1144 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/">the
1145 manual on the wiki</a> and
1146 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/Translations">the
1147 translation instructions</a> in the manual.</p>
1148
1149       </div>
1150       <div class="tags">
1151
1152
1153         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1154
1155
1156       </div>
1157     </div>
1158     <div class="padding"></div>
1159
1160     <div class="entry">
1161       <div class="title">
1162         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Roger_Marsal.html">Debian Edu interview: Roger Marsal</a>
1163       </div>
1164       <div class="date">
1165         30th March 2014
1166       </div>
1167       <div class="body">
1168         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
1169 keep gaining new users.  Some weeks ago, a person showed up on IRC,
1170 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/#debian-edu">#debian-edu</a>, with a
1171 wish to contribute, and I managed to get a interview with this great
1172 contributor Roger Marsal to learn more about his background.</p>
1173
1174 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
1175
1176 <p>My name is Roger Marsal, I'm 27 years old (1986 generation) and I
1177 live in Barcelona, Spain. I've got a strong business background and I
1178 work as a patrimony manager and as a real estate agent.  Additionally,
1179 I've co-founded a British based tech company that is nowadays on the
1180 last development phase of a new social networking concept.</p>
1181
1182 <p>I'm a Linux enthusiast that started its journey with Ubuntu four years
1183 ago and have recently switched to Debian seeking rock solid stability
1184 and as a necessary step to gain expertise.</p>
1185
1186 <p>In a nutshell, I spend my days working and learning as much as I
1187 can to face both my job, entrepreneur project and feed my Linux
1188 hunger.</p>
1189
1190 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
1191 project?</strong></p>
1192
1193 <p>I discovered the <a href="http://www.ltsp.org/">LTSP</a> advantages
1194 with "Ubuntu 12.04 alternate install" and after a year of use I
1195 started looking for an alternative.  Even though I highly value and
1196 respect the Ubuntu project, I thought it was necessary for me to
1197 change to a more robust and stable alternative.  As far as I was using
1198 Debian on my personal laptop I thought it would be fine to install
1199 Debian and configure an LTSP server myself.  Surprised, I discovered
1200 that the Debian project also supported a kind of Edubuntu equivalent,
1201 and after having some pain I obtained a Debian Edu network up and
1202 running.  I just loved it.</p>
1203
1204 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1205 Edu?</strong></p>
1206
1207 <p>I found a main advantage in that, once you know "the tips and
1208 tricks", a new installation just works out of the box. It's the most
1209 complete alternative I've found to create an LTSP network. All the
1210 other distributions seems to be made of plastic, Debian Edu seems to
1211 be made of steel.</p>
1212
1213 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1214 Edu?</strong></p>
1215
1216 <p>I found two main disadvantages.</p>
1217
1218 <p>I'm not an expert but I've got notions and I had to spent a considerable
1219 amount of time trying to bring up a standard network topology. I'm quite
1220 stubborn and I just worked until I did but I'm sure many people with few
1221 resources (not big schools, but academies for example) would have switched
1222 or dropped.</p>
1223
1224 <p>It's amazing how such a complex system like Debian Edu has achieved
1225 this out-of-the-box state. Even though tweaking without breaking gets
1226 more difficult, as more factors have to be considered. This can
1227 discourage many people too.</p>
1228
1229 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
1230
1231 <p>I use Debian, Firefox, Okular, Inkscape, LibreOffice and
1232 Virtualbox.</p>
1233
1234
1235 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
1236 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
1237
1238 <p>I don't think there is a need for a particular strategy. The free
1239 attribute in both "freedom" and "no price" meanings is what will
1240 really bring free software to schools. In my experience I can think of
1241 the <a href="http://www.r-project.org/">"R" statistical language</a>; a
1242 few years a ago was an extremely nerd tool for university people.
1243 Today it's being increasingly used to teach statistics at many
1244 different level of studies.  I believe free and open software will
1245 increasingly gain popularity, but I'm sure schools will be one of the
1246 first scenarios where this will happen.</p>
1247
1248       </div>
1249       <div class="tags">
1250
1251
1252         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
1253
1254
1255       </div>
1256     </div>
1257     <div class="padding"></div>
1258
1259     <div class="entry">
1260       <div class="title">
1261         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_add_extra_storage_servers_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux.html">How to add extra storage servers in Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
1262       </div>
1263       <div class="date">
1264         12th March 2014
1265       </div>
1266       <div class="body">
1267         <p>On larger sites, it is useful to use a dedicated storage server for
1268 storing user home directories and data.  The design for handling this
1269 in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>, is
1270 to update the automount rules in LDAP and let the automount daemon on
1271 the clients take care of the rest.  I was reminded about the need to
1272 document this better when one of the customers of
1273 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a>, where I am
1274 on the board of directors, asked about how to do this.  The steps to
1275 get this working are the following:</p>
1276
1277 <p><ol>
1278
1279 <li>Add new storage server in DNS.  I use nas-server.intern as the
1280 example host here.</li>
1281
1282 <li>Add automoun LDAP information about this server in LDAP, to allow
1283 all clients to automatically mount it on reqeust.</li>
1284
1285 <li>Add the relevant entries in tjener.intern:/etc/fstab, because
1286 tjener.intern do not use automount to avoid mounting loops.</li>
1287
1288 </ol></p>
1289
1290 <p>DNS entries are added in GOsa², and not described here.  Follow the
1291 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/GettingStarted">instructions
1292 in the manual</a> (Machine Management with GOsa² in section Getting
1293 started).</p>
1294
1295 <p>Ensure that the NFS export points on the server are exported to the
1296 relevant subnets or machines:</p>
1297
1298 <p><blockquote><pre>
1299 root@tjener:~# showmount -e nas-server
1300 Export list for nas-server:
1301 /storage         10.0.0.0/8
1302 root@tjener:~#
1303 </pre></blockquote></p>
1304
1305 <p>Here everything on the backbone network is granted access to the
1306 /storage export.  With NFSv3 it is slightly better to limit it to
1307 netgroup membership or single IP addresses to have some limits on the
1308 NFS access.</p>
1309
1310 <p>The next step is to update LDAP.  This can not be done using GOsa²,
1311 because it lack a module for automount.  Instead, use ldapvi and add
1312 the required LDAP objects using an editor.</p>
1313
1314 <p><blockquote><pre>
1315 ldapvi --ldap-conf -ZD '(cn=admin)' -b ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
1316 </pre></blockquote></p>
1317
1318 <p>When the editor show up, add the following LDAP objects at the
1319 bottom of the document.  The "/&" part in the last LDAP object is a
1320 wild card matching everything the nas-server exports, removing the
1321 need to list individual mount points in LDAP.</p>
1322
1323 <p><blockquote><pre>
1324 add cn=nas-server,ou=auto.skole,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
1325 objectClass: automount
1326 cn: nas-server
1327 automountInformation: -fstype=autofs --timeout=60 ldap:ou=auto.nas-server,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
1328
1329 add ou=auto.nas-server,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
1330 objectClass: top
1331 objectClass: automountMap
1332 ou: auto.nas-server
1333
1334 add cn=/,ou=auto.nas-server,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
1335 objectClass: automount
1336 cn: /
1337 automountInformation: -fstype=nfs,tcp,rsize=32768,wsize=32768,rw,intr,hard,nodev,nosuid,noatime nas-server.intern:/&
1338 </pre></blockquote></p>
1339
1340 <p>The last step to remember is to mount the relevant mount points in
1341 tjener.intern by adding them to /etc/fstab, creating the mount
1342 directories using mkdir and running "mount -a" to mount them.</p>
1343
1344 <p>When this is done, your users should be able to access the files on
1345 the storage server directly by just visiting the
1346 /tjener/nas-server/storage/ directory using any application on any
1347 workstation, LTSP client or LTSP server.</p>
1348
1349       </div>
1350       <div class="tags">
1351
1352
1353         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>.
1354
1355
1356       </div>
1357     </div>
1358     <div class="padding"></div>
1359
1360     <div class="entry">
1361       <div class="title">
1362         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Dominik_George.html">Debian Edu interview: Dominik George</a>
1363       </div>
1364       <div class="date">
1365         25th December 2013
1366       </div>
1367       <div class="body">
1368         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
1369 project</a> consist of both newcomers and old timers, and this time I
1370 was able to get an interview with a newcomer in the project who showed
1371 up on the IRC channel a few weeks ago to let us know about his
1372 successful installation of Debian Edu Wheezy in his School.  Say hello
1373 to <a href="https://www.ohloh.net/accounts/Natureshadow">Dominik
1374 George</a>.</p>
1375
1376 <!-- http://www.dominik-george.de/images/foto.jpg -->
1377
1378 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
1379
1380 <p>I am a 23 year-old student from Germany who has spent half of his
1381 life with open source. In "real life", I am, as already mentioned, a
1382 student in the fields of Computer Science, Electrical Engineering,
1383 Information Technologies and Anglistics. Due to my (only partially
1384 voluntary) huge engagement in the open source world, these things are
1385 a bit vacant right now however.</p>
1386
1387 <p>I also have been working as a project teacher at a Gymasnium
1388 (public school) for various years now. I took up that work some time
1389 around 2005 when still attending that school myself and have continued
1390 it until today. I also had been running the (kind of very advanced)
1391 network of that school together with a team of very interested and
1392 talented students in the age of 11 to 15 years, who took the chance to
1393 learn a lot about open source and networking before I left the school
1394 to help building another school's informational education concept from
1395 scratch.</p>
1396
1397 <p>That said, one might see me as a kind of "glue" between school kids
1398 and the elderly of teachers as well as between the open source
1399 ecosystem and the (even more complex) educational ecosystem.</p>
1400
1401 <p>When I am not busy with open source or education, I like Geocaching
1402 and cycling.</p>
1403
1404 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
1405 project?</strong></p>
1406
1407 <p>I think that happened some time around 2009 when I first attended
1408 <a href="http://www.froscon.org">FrOSCon</a> and visited the project
1409 booth. I think I wasn't too interested back then because I used to
1410 have an attitude of disliking software that does too much stuff on its
1411 own. Maybe I was too inexperienced to realise the upsides of an
1412 "out-of-the-box" solution ;).</p>
1413
1414 <p>The first time I actively talked to Skolelinux people was at
1415 <a href="http://www.openrheinruhr.de">OpenRheinRuhr</a> 2011 when the
1416 BiscuIT project, a home-grewn software used by my school for various
1417 really cool things from timetables and class contact lists to lunch
1418 ordering, student ID card printing and project elections first got to
1419 a stage where it could have been published. I asked the Skolelinux
1420 guys running the booth if the project were interested in it and gave a
1421 small demonstration, but there wasn't any real feedback and the guys
1422 seemed rather uninterested.</p>
1423
1424 <p>After I left the school where I developed the software, it got
1425 mostly lost, but I am now reimplementing it for my new school. I have
1426 reusability and compatibility in mind, and I hop there will be a new
1427 basis for contributing it to the Skolelinux project ;)!</p>
1428
1429 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1430 Edu?</strong></p>
1431
1432 <p>The most important advantage seems to be that it "just
1433 works". After overcoming some minor (but still very annoying) glitches
1434 in the installer, I got a fully functional, working school network,
1435 without the month-long hassle I experienced when setting all that up
1436 from scratch in earlier years. And above that, it rocked - I didn't
1437 have any real hardware at hand, because the school was just founded
1438 and has no money whatsoever, so I installed a combined server (main
1439 server, terminal services and workstation) in a VM on my personal
1440 notebook, bridging the LTSP network interface to the ethernet port,
1441 and then PXE-booted the Windows notebooks that were lying around from
1442 it. I could use 8 clients without any performance issues, by using a
1443 tiny little VM on a tiny little notebook. I think that's enough to say
1444 that it rocks!</p>
1445
1446 <p>Secondly, there are marketing reasons. Life's bad, and so no
1447 politician will ever permit a setup described as "Debian, an universal
1448 operating system, with some really cool educational tools" while they
1449 will be jsut fine with "Skolelinux, a single-purpose solution for your
1450 school network", even if both turn out to be the very same thing (yes,
1451 this is unfair towards the Skolelinux project, and must not be taken
1452 too seriously - you get the idea, anyway).</p>
1453
1454 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1455 Edu?</strong></p>
1456
1457 <p>I have not been involved with Skolelinux long enough to really
1458 answer this question in a fair way. Thus, please allow me to put it in
1459 other words: "What do you expect from Skolelinux to keep liking it?" I
1460 can list a few points about that:</p>
1461
1462 <ul>
1463
1464  <li>always strive to get all things integrated into Debian upstream
1465  <li>be open to discussion about changes and the like, even with newcomers
1466  <li>be helpful at being helpful ;)
1467
1468 </ul>
1469
1470 <p>I'm really sorry I cannot say much more about that :(!</p>
1471
1472 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
1473
1474 <p>First of all, all software I use is free and open. I have abandoned
1475 all non-free software (except for firmware on my darned phone) this
1476 year.</p>
1477
1478 <p>I run Debian GNU/Linux on all PC systems I use. On that, I mostly
1479 run text tools. I use
1480 <a href="https://www.mirbsd.org/mksh.htm">mksh</a> as shell,
1481 <a href="https://www.mirbsd.org/jupp.htm">jupp</a> as very advanced
1482 text editor (I even got the developer to help me write a script/macro
1483 based full-featured student management software with the two),
1484 <a href="http://mcabber.com/">mcabber</a> for XMPP and
1485 <a href="http://www.irssi.org/">irssi</a> for IRC. For that overly
1486 coloured world called the WWW, I use
1487 <a href="https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/new/">Iceweasel
1488 (Firefox)</a>. Oh, and <a href="http://www.mutt.org/">mutt</a> for
1489 e-mail.</p>
1490
1491 <p>However, while I am personally aware of the fact that text tools
1492 are more efficient and powerful than anything else, I also use (or at
1493 least operate) some tools that are suitable to bring open source to
1494 kids. One of these things is <a href="http://jappix.org/">Jappix</a>,
1495 which I already introduced to some kids even before they got aware of
1496 Facebook, making them see for themselves that they do not need
1497 Facebook now ;).</p>
1498
1499 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
1500 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
1501
1502 <p>Well, that's a two-sided thing. One side is what I believe, and one
1503 side is what I have experienced.</p>
1504
1505 <p>I believe that the right strategy is showing them the benefits. But
1506 that won't work out as long as the acceptance of free alternatives
1507 grows globally. What I mean is that if all the kids are almost forced
1508 to use Windows, Facebook, Skype, you name it at home, they will not
1509 see why they would want to use alternatives at school. I have seen
1510 students take seat in front of a fully-functional, modern Debian
1511 desktop that could do anything their Windows at home could do, and
1512 they jsut refused to use it because "Linux sucks". It is something
1513 that makes the council of our city spend around 600000 € to buy
1514 software - not including hardware, mind you - for operating school
1515 networks, and for installing a system that, as has been proved, does
1516 not work. For those of you readers who are good at maths, have you
1517 already found out how many lives could have been saved with that money
1518 if we had instead used it to bring education to parts of the world
1519 that need it? I have, and found it to be nothing less dramatic than
1520 plain criminal.</p>
1521
1522 <p>That said, the only feasible way appears to be the bottom up
1523 method. We have to bring free software to kids and parents. I have
1524 founded an association named
1525 <a href="https://www.teckids.org">Teckids</a> here in Germany that does
1526 just that. We organise several events for kids and adolescents in the
1527 area of free and open source software, for example the
1528 <a href="http://kids.froscon.org">FrogLabs</a>, which share staff with
1529 Teckids and are the youth programme of
1530 <a href="http://www.froscon.org">the Free and Open Source Software
1531 Conference (FrOSCon)</a>. We do a lot more than most other conferences
1532 - this year, we first offered the FrogLabs as a holiday camp for kids
1533 aged 10 to 16. It was a huge success, with approx. 30 kids taking part
1534 and learning with and about free software through a whole weekend. All
1535 of us had a lot of fun, and the results were really exciting.</p>
1536
1537 <p>Apart from that, we are preparing a campaign that is supposed to bring
1538 the message of free alternatives to stuff kids use every day to them and
1539 their parents, e.g. the use of Jabber / Jappix instead of Facebook and
1540 Skype. To make that possible, we are planning to get together a team of
1541 clever kids who understand very well what their peers need and can bring
1542 it across to them. So we will have a peer-driven network of adolescents
1543 who teach each other and collect feedback from the community of minors.
1544 We then take that feedback and our own experience to work closely with
1545 open source projects, such as Skolelinux or Jappix, at improving their
1546 software in a way that makes it more and more attractive for the target
1547 group. At least I hope that we will have good cooperation with
1548 Skolelinux in the future ;)!</p>
1549
1550 <p>So in conclusion, what I believe is that, if it weren't for the world
1551 being so bad, it should be very clear to the political decision makers
1552 that the only way to go nowadays is free software for various reasons,
1553 but I have learnt that the only way that seems to work is bottom up.</p>
1554
1555 <!--
1556
1557 >  * Who should be interviewed with this questions in the future?
1558
1559 That's probably the hardest question of them all, as I do not know the
1560 community. However, I would be willing to do the following:
1561
1562  <li>Run an interview with a German headteacher who is very open to
1563    free software, and also prefers it, but cannot really use it because
1564    of the decision makers above;
1565  <li>Run interviews with some kids, both with and without previous
1566    knowledge about free software
1567
1568 If that is wanted, just let me know ;).
1569
1570 -->
1571
1572       </div>
1573       <div class="tags">
1574
1575
1576         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
1577
1578
1579       </div>
1580     </div>
1581     <div class="padding"></div>
1582
1583     <div class="entry">
1584       <div class="title">
1585         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Klaus_Knopper.html">Debian Edu interview: Klaus Knopper</a>
1586       </div>
1587       <div class="date">
1588          6th December 2013
1589       </div>
1590       <div class="body">
1591         <p>It has been a while since I managed to publish the last interview,
1592 but the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
1593 Skolelinux</a> community is still going strong, and yesterday we even
1594 had a new school administrator show up on
1595 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/#debian-edu">#debian-edu</a> to share
1596 his success story with installing Debian Edu at their school.  This
1597 time I have been able to get some helpful comments from the creator of
1598 Knoppix, Klaus Knopper, who was involved in a Skolelinux project in
1599 Germany a few years ago.</p>
1600
1601 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
1602
1603 <p>I am Klaus Knopper.  I have a master degree in electrical
1604 engineering, and is currently professor in information management at
1605 the university of applied sciences Kaiserslautern / Germany and
1606 freelance Open Source software developer and consultant.</p>
1607
1608 <p>All of this is pretty much of the work I spend my days with. Apart
1609 from teaching, I'm also conducting some more or less experimental
1610 projects like the <a href="http://www.knoppix.org">Knoppix GNU/Linux live
1611 system</a> (Debian-based like Skolelinux),
1612 <a href="http://www.knopper.net/knoppix-adriane/index-en.html">ADRIANE</a>
1613 (a blind-friendly talking desktop system) and
1614 <a href="http://www.knopper.net/linbo/index-en.html">LINBO</a>
1615 (Linux-based network boot console, a fast remote install and repair
1616 system supporting various operating systems).</p>
1617
1618 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
1619 project?</strong></p>
1620
1621 <p>The credit for this have to go to Kurt Gramlich, who is the German
1622 coordinator for Skolelinux.  We were looking for an all-in-one open
1623 source community-supported distribution for schools, and Kurt
1624 introduced us to Skolelinux for this purpose.</p>
1625
1626 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1627 Edu?</strong></p>
1628
1629 <ul>
1630   <li>Quick installation,</li>
1631   <li>works (almost) out of the box,</li>
1632   <li>contains many useful software packages for teaching and learning,</li>
1633   <li>is a purely community-based distro and not controlled by a
1634     single company,</li>
1635   <li>has a large number of supporters and teachers who share their
1636     experience and problem solutions.</li>
1637 </ul>
1638
1639 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1640 Edu?</strong></p>
1641
1642 <ul>
1643   <li>Skolelinux is - as we had to learn - not easily upgradable to
1644   the next version.  Opposed to its genuine Debian base, upgrading to
1645   a new version means a full new installation from scratch to get it
1646   working again reliably.
1647
1648   <li>Skolelinux is based on Debian/stable, and therefore always a
1649   little outdated in terms of program versions compared to Edubuntu or
1650   similar educational Linux distros, which rather use Debian/testing
1651   as their base.
1652
1653   <li>Skolelinux has some very self-opinionated and stubborn default
1654   configuration which in my opinion adds unnecessary complexity and is
1655   not always suitable for a schools needs, the preset network
1656   configuration is actually a core definition feature of Skolelinux
1657   and not easy to change, so schools sometimes have to change their
1658   network configuration to make it "Skolelinux-compatible".
1659
1660   <li>Some proposed extensions, which were made available as
1661   contribution, like secure examination mode and lecture material
1662   distribution and collection, were not accepted into the mainline
1663   Skolelinux development and are now not easy to maintain in the
1664   future because of Skolelinux somewhat undeterministic update
1665   schemes.</li>
1666
1667   <li>Skolelinux has only a very tiny number of base developers
1668   compared to Debian.</li>
1669
1670 </ul>
1671
1672 <p>For these reasons and experience from our project, I would now
1673 rather consider using plain Debian for schools next time, until
1674 Skolelinux is more closely integrated into Debian and becomes
1675 upgradeable without reinstallation.</p>
1676
1677 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
1678
1679 <p>GNU/Linux with LXDE desktop, bash for interactive dialog and
1680 programming, texlive for documentation and correspondence,
1681 occasionally LibreOffice for document format conversion. Various
1682 programming languages for teaching.</p>
1683
1684 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
1685 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
1686
1687 <p>Strong arguments are</p>
1688
1689 <ul>
1690
1691   <li>Knowledge is free, and so should be methods and tools for
1692     teaching and learning.</li>
1693
1694   <li>Students can learn with and use the same software at school, at
1695     home, and at their working place without running into license or
1696     conversion problems.</li>
1697
1698   <li>Closed source or proprietary software hides knowledge rather
1699     than exposing it, and proprietary software vendors try to bind
1700     customers to certain products.  But teachers need to teach
1701     science, not products.</li>
1702
1703   <li>If you have everything you for daily work as open source, what
1704     would you need proprietary software for?</li>
1705
1706 </ul>
1707
1708       </div>
1709       <div class="tags">
1710
1711
1712         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
1713
1714
1715       </div>
1716     </div>
1717     <div class="padding"></div>
1718
1719     <div class="entry">
1720       <div class="title">
1721         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_7_1_install_and_overview_video_from_Marcelo_Salvador.html">Skolelinux / Debian Edu 7.1 install and overview video from Marcelo Salvador</a>
1722       </div>
1723       <div class="date">
1724          8th October 2013
1725       </div>
1726       <div class="body">
1727         <p>The other day I was pleased and surprised to discover that Marcelo
1728 Salvador had published a
1729 <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w-GgpdqgLFc">video on
1730 Youtube</a> showing how to install the standalone Debian Edu /
1731 Skolelinux profile.  This is the profile intended for use at home or
1732 on laptops that should not be integrated into the provided network
1733 services (no central home directory, no Kerberos / LDAP directory etc,
1734 in other word a single user machine).  The result is 11 minutes long,
1735 and show some user applications (seem to be rather randomly picked).
1736 Missed a few of my favorites like celestia, planets and chromium
1737 showing the <a href="http://www.zygotebody.com/">Zygote Body 3D model
1738 of the human body</a>, but I guess he did not know about those or find
1739 other programs more interesting. :) And the video do not show the
1740 advantages I believe is one of the most valuable featuers in Debian
1741 Edu, its central school server making it possible to run hundreds of
1742 computers without hard drives by installing one central
1743 <a href="http://www.ltsp.org/">LTSP server</a>.</p>
1744
1745 <p>Anyway, check out the video, embedded below and linked to above:</p>
1746
1747 <iframe width="420" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/w-GgpdqgLFc" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
1748
1749 <p>Are there other nice videos demonstrating Skolelinux?  Please let
1750 me know. :)</p>
1751
1752       </div>
1753       <div class="tags">
1754
1755
1756         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
1757
1758
1759       </div>
1760     </div>
1761     <div class="padding"></div>
1762
1763     <div class="entry">
1764       <div class="title">
1765         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Finally__Debian_Edu_Wheezy_is_released_today_.html">Finally, Debian Edu Wheezy is released today!</a>
1766       </div>
1767       <div class="date">
1768         29th September 2013
1769       </div>
1770       <div class="body">
1771         <p>A few hours ago, the announcement for the first stable release of
1772 Debian Edu Wheezy went out from the Debian publicity team.  The
1773 complete announcement text can be found at
1774 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2013/20130928">the Debian News
1775 section</a>, translated to several languages.  Please check it out.</p>
1776
1777 <p>There is one minor known problem that we will fix very soon.  One
1778 can not install a amd64 Thin Client Server using PXE, as the /var/
1779 partition is too small.  A workaround is to extend the partition (use
1780 lvresize + resize2fs in tty 2 while installing).</p>
1781
1782       </div>
1783       <div class="tags">
1784
1785
1786         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1787
1788
1789       </div>
1790     </div>
1791     <div class="padding"></div>
1792
1793     <div class="entry">
1794       <div class="title">
1795         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_and_probably_last_beta_release_of_Debian_Edu_Wheezy.html">Third and probably last beta release of Debian Edu Wheezy</a>
1796       </div>
1797       <div class="date">
1798         16th September 2013
1799       </div>
1800       <div class="body">
1801         <p>The third wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
1802 today.  This is the release announcement from Holger Levsen:</p>
1803
1804 <blockquote>
1805 <p>Hi,</p>
1806
1807 <p>it is my pleasure to announce the third beta release (beta 2 for
1808 short) of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
1809 Skolelinux</a> based on Debian Wheezy!</p>
1810
1811 <p>Please test these images extensivly, if no new problems are found
1812 we plan to do this final Debian Edu Wheezy release this coming
1813 weekend.  We are not aware of any major problems or blockers in beta2,
1814 if you find something, please notify us immediately!</p>
1815
1816 <p>(More about the remaining steps for the Edu Wheezy release in
1817 another mail to the edu list tonight or tomorrow...)</p>
1818
1819 <p>Noteworthy changes and software updates for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b2
1820 compared to beta1:</p>
1821
1822 <ul>
1823
1824 <li>The KDE proxy setup has been adjusted to use the provided wpad.dat. This
1825 also gets Chromium to use this proxy.</li>
1826 <li>Install kdepim-groupware with KDE desktops to make sure korganizer
1827 understand ical/dav sources.</li>
1828 <li>Increased default maximum size of /var/spool/squid and /skole/backup on the
1829 main server.</li>
1830 <li>A source DVD image containing all source packages is now available as well.</li>
1831 <li>Updates for chromium (29.0.1547.57-1~deb7u1), imagemagick
1832 (6.7.7.10-5+deb7u2), php5 (5.4.4-14+deb7u4), libmodplug
1833 (0.8.8.4-3+deb7u1+git20130828), tiff (4.0.2-6+deb7u2), linux-image
1834 (3.2.0-4-486_3.2.46-1+deb7u1).</li>
1835
1836 </ul>
1837
1838 <p>Where to get it:</p>
1839
1840 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
1841
1842 <ul>
1843 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso</a></li>
1844 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso</a></li>
1845 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso .</li>
1846 </ul>
1847
1848 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is:  3a1c89f4666df80eebcd46c5bf5fedb866f9472f</p>
1849
1850 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use
1851 <ul>
1852 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso</a></li>
1853 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso</a></li>
1854 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso .</li>
1855 </ul>
1856
1857 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 702d1718548f401c74bfa6df9f032cc3ee16597e</p>
1858
1859 <p>The Source DVD image has the filename
1860 debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-source-DVD.iso and the SHA1SUM
1861 089eed8b3f962db47aae1f6a9685e9bb2fa30ca5 and is available the same way
1862 as the other isos.</p>
1863
1864 <p>How to report bugs</p>
1865
1866 <p>For information how to report bugs please see
1867 <br><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
1868
1869
1870 <p>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</p>
1871
1872 <p>Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux, is a Linux distribution based
1873 on Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
1874 configured school network. Immediately after installation a school
1875 server running all services needed for a school network is set up just
1876 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
1877 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
1878 initial installation of the main server from CD or USB stick all other
1879 machines can be installed via the network. The provided school server
1880 provides LDAP database and Kerberos authentication service,
1881 centralized home directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other
1882 services.  The desktop contains more than 60 educational software
1883 packages and more are available from the Debian archive, and schools
1884 can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
1885
1886 <p>This is the seventh test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
1887 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
1888 Squeeze release.</p>
1889
1890 <p>Notes for upgrades from Alpha Prereleases</p>
1891
1892 <p>Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
1893 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
1894 release. Both alpha and beta0 based installations should reinstall or
1895 deal with gosa.conf manually; there are two options: (1) Keep
1896 gosa.conf and edit this file as outlined on the mailing list. (2)
1897 Accept the new version of gosa.conf and replace both contained admin
1898 password placeholders with the password hashes found in the old one
1899 (backup copy!). In both cases all users need to change their password
1900 to make sure a password is set for CIFS access to their home
1901 directory.</p>
1902
1903
1904 <p>cheers,
1905 <br>        Holger</p>
1906 </blockquote>
1907
1908       </div>
1909       <div class="tags">
1910
1911
1912         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1913
1914
1915       </div>
1916     </div>
1917     <div class="padding"></div>
1918
1919     <div class="entry">
1920       <div class="title">
1921         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_beta_release__beta_1__of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Second beta release (beta 1) of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
1922       </div>
1923       <div class="date">
1924         22nd August 2013
1925       </div>
1926       <div class="body">
1927         <p>The second wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
1928 today, slightly delayed because of some bugs in the initial Windows
1929 integration fixes .  This is the release announcement:</p>
1930
1931 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b1 released 2013-08-22</strong></p>
1932
1933 <p>These are the release notes for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
1934 7.1+edu0~b1, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
1935
1936 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
1937
1938 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
1939 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
1940 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
1941 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
1942 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
1943 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
1944 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
1945 the main server from CD or USB stick all other machines can be
1946 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
1947 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
1948 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
1949 desktop contains
1950 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
1951 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
1952 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
1953 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
1954
1955 <p>This is the sixth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically this
1956 is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the Squeeze
1957 release.</p>
1958
1959 <p>ALERT: Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
1960 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
1961 release. Both alpha and beta0 based installations should reinstall or
1962 deal with gosa.conf manually; there are two options: (1) Keep
1963 gosa.conf and edit this file as outlined
1964 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/2013/08/msg00127.html">on
1965 the mailing list</a>. (2) Accept the new version of gosa.conf and
1966 replace both contained admin password placeholders with the password
1967 hashes found in the old one (backup copy!). In both cases every user
1968 need to change their their password to make sure a password is set for
1969 CIFS access to their home directory.</p>
1970
1971 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
1972
1973 <ul>
1974
1975 <li>Added ssh askpass packages to default installation, to ensure ssh
1976     work also without a attached tty.</li>
1977 <li>Add the command-not-found package to the default installation to
1978     make it easier to figure out where to find missing command line
1979     tools. Please note, that the command 'update-command-not-found'
1980     has to be run as root to actually make it useful (internet access
1981     required).</li>
1982
1983 </ul>
1984
1985 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
1986
1987 <ul>
1988
1989 <li>Adjusted the USB stick ISO image build to include every tool
1990 needed for desktop=xfce installations.</li>
1991 <li>Adjust thin-client-server task to work when installing from USB
1992 stick ISO image.</li>
1993 <li>Made new grub artwork (changed png from indexed to RGB format).</li>
1994 <li>Minor cleanup in the CUPS setup.</li>
1995 <li>Make sure that bootstrapping of the Samba domain really happens
1996     during installation of the main server and adjust SID handling to
1997     cope with this.</li>
1998 <li>Make Samba passwords changeable (again) via GOsa².</li>
1999 <li>Fix generation of LM and NT password hashes via GOsa² to avoid
2000     empty password hashes.</li>
2001 <li>Adapted Samba machine domain joining to latest change in the
2002     smbldap-tools Perl package, fixing bugs blocking Windows machines
2003     from joining the Samba domain.</li>
2004
2005 </ul>
2006
2007 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
2008
2009 <ul>
2010
2011 <li>KDE fails to understand the wpad.dat file provided, causing it to
2012     not use the http proxy as it should.</li>
2013 <li>Chromium also fails to use the proxy when using the KDE desktop
2014     (using the KDE configuration).</li>
2015
2016 </ul>
2017
2018 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
2019
2020 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
2021
2022 <ul>
2023
2024 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso</a></li>
2025
2026 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso</a></li>
2027
2028 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso .</li>
2029
2030 </ul>
2031
2032 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 1e357f80b55e703523f2254adde6d78b
2033 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 7157f9be5fd27c7694d713c6ecfed61c3edda3b2</p>
2034
2035 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
2036
2037 <ul>
2038
2039 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso</a></li>
2040 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso</a></li>
2041 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso .</li>
2042
2043 </ul>
2044
2045 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 7a8408ead59cf7e3cef25afb6e91590b
2046 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: f1817c031f02790d5edb3bfa0dcf8451088ad119</p>
2047
2048
2049 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
2050
2051 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
2052
2053       </div>
2054       <div class="tags">
2055
2056
2057         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2058
2059
2060       </div>
2061     </div>
2062     <div class="padding"></div>
2063
2064     <div class="entry">
2065       <div class="title">
2066         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_beta_release_of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">First beta release of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
2067       </div>
2068       <div class="date">
2069         27th July 2013
2070       </div>
2071       <div class="body">
2072         <p>The first wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
2073 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
2074
2075 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b0 released
2076 2013-07-27</strong></p>
2077
2078 <p>These are the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
2079 7.1+edu0~b0, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
2080
2081 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
2082
2083 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
2084 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
2085 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
2086 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
2087 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
2088 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
2089 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
2090 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
2091 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
2092 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
2093 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
2094 desktop contains
2095 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
2096 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
2097 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
2098 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
2099
2100 <p>This is the fifth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
2101 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
2102 Squeeze release.</p>
2103
2104 <p>ALERT: Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
2105 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
2106 release.</p>
2107
2108 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
2109
2110 <ul>
2111
2112 <li>Switched roaming workstation profiles from wicd to network-manager
2113    for network configuration, as wicd didn't work any more.</li>
2114 <li>Changed version numbers of patched gosa and libpam-mklocaluser
2115    packages to make sure our locally patched versions will be replaced
2116    by the official packages when they are released from Debian. Those
2117    installing alpha version need to reinstall or manually downgrade gosa
2118    and libpam-mklocaluser.</li>
2119 <li>Added bluetooth tools to the default desktop (bluedevil, blueman).</li>
2120 <li>Added tools for sharing the desktop on KDE (krdc, krfb).</li>
2121 <li>Added valgrind to the default installation for easier debugging of
2122    crash bugs.</li>
2123
2124 </ul>
2125
2126 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
2127
2128 <ul>
2129
2130 <li>Fixed artwork package to work with gnome, no longer break
2131    desktop=gnome installations.</li>
2132 <li>Adjusted installer to now work when forced to use a proxy with the
2133    netinst CD.</li>
2134 <li>Fixed code detecting and setting/loading hardware specific
2135    setup/firmware to work more robust out of the box.</li>
2136 <li>Adjusted Kerberos setup to detect realm and server settings at
2137    install time instead of dynamically at run time. This avoid a crash
2138    with krb5-auth-dialog on diskless workstations without a DNS name.</li>
2139 <li>Worked around misfeature in network-manager not calling the dhclient
2140    exit hooks, causing automatic proxy configuration and automatic host
2141    name setting at run time to work again.</li>
2142 <li>Fixed feature setting the default Iceweasel start page from URL
2143    fetched from LDAP, to allow schools to set the global default by
2144    updating the dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no LDAP object.</li>
2145 <li>Changed default host name on all networked machines to be unique
2146    (generated from MAC or reverse DNS) after boot.</li>
2147 <li>Adjusted partition sizes to make sure they are big enough.</li>
2148
2149 </ul>
2150
2151 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
2152
2153 <ul>
2154
2155 <li>Grub is missing the new artwork.</li>
2156 <li>KDE fail to understand the wpad.dat file provided, causing it to
2157     not use the http proxy as it should.</li>
2158 <li>Chromium also fail to use the proxy.</li>
2159
2160 </ul>
2161
2162 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
2163
2164 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
2165
2166 <ul>
2167
2168 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso</a></li>
2169
2170 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso</a></li>
2171
2172 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso .</li>
2173
2174 </ul>
2175
2176 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 55d5de9765b6dccd5d9ec33cf1a07109
2177 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 996a1d9517740e4d627d100de2d12b23dd545a3f</p>
2178
2179 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
2180
2181 <ul>
2182
2183 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso</a></li>
2184 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso</a></li>
2185 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso .</li>
2186
2187 </ul>
2188
2189 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: d8f0818c51a78d357de794066f289f69
2190 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 49185ca354e8d0543240423746924f76a6cee733</p>
2191
2192
2193 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
2194
2195 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
2196
2197       </div>
2198       <div class="tags">
2199
2200
2201         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2202
2203
2204       </div>
2205     </div>
2206     <div class="padding"></div>
2207
2208     <div class="entry">
2209       <div class="title">
2210         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/July_13th__Debian_Ubuntu_BSP_and_Skolelinux_Debian_Edu_developer_gathering_in_Oslo.html">July 13th: Debian/Ubuntu BSP and Skolelinux/Debian Edu developer gathering in Oslo</a>
2211       </div>
2212       <div class="date">
2213          9th July 2013
2214       </div>
2215       <div class="body">
2216         <p>The upcoming Saturday, 2013-07-13, we are organising a combined
2217 Debian Edu developer gathering and Debian and Ubuntu bug squashing
2218 party in Oslo.  It is organised by <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">the
2219 member assosiation NUUG</a> and
2220 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">the Debian Edu / Skolelinux
2221 project</a> together with <a href="http://bitraf.no/">the hack space
2222 Bitraf</a>.</p>
2223
2224 <p>It starts 10:00 and continue until late evening.  Everyone is
2225 welcome, and there is no fee to participate.  There is on the other
2226 hand limited space, and only room for 30 people.  Please put your name
2227 on <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/BSP/2013/07/13/no/Oslo">the event
2228 wiki page</a> if you plan to join us.</p>
2229
2230       </div>
2231       <div class="tags">
2232
2233
2234         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
2235
2236
2237       </div>
2238     </div>
2239     <div class="padding"></div>
2240
2241     <div class="entry">
2242       <div class="title">
2243         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fourth_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Fourth alpha release of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
2244       </div>
2245       <div class="date">
2246          3rd July 2013
2247       </div>
2248       <div class="body">
2249         <p>The fourth wheezy based alpha release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
2250 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
2251
2252 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~alpha3 released
2253 2013-07-03</strong></p>
2254
2255 <p>These are the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
2256 7.1+edu0~alpha3, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
2257
2258 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
2259
2260 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
2261 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
2262 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
2263 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
2264 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
2265 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
2266 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
2267 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
2268 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
2269 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
2270 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
2271 desktop contains
2272 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
2273 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
2274 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
2275 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
2276
2277 <p>This is the fourth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
2278 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
2279 Squeeze release.</p>
2280
2281 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
2282 <ul>
2283   <li>Dropped ispell dictionaries from our default installation.</li>
2284   <li>Dropped menu-xdg from the KDE desktop option, to drop the Debian
2285     submenu.  It was not included with Gnome, LXDE or Xfce, so this
2286     brings KDE in line with the others.</li>
2287   <li>Dropped xdrawchem, xjig and xsok from our default installation as
2288     they don't have a desktop menu entry and thus won't show up in the
2289     menu now that menu-xdg was removed.</li>
2290   <li>Removed the killer system to kill left behind processes on
2291     multi-user machines, as it was no longer able to understand when a
2292     X display was in use and killed the processes of the active users
2293     too.</li>
2294   <li>Dropped the golearn (from goplay) package as the debtags in wheezy
2295     are too few to make the package useful.</li>
2296 </ul>
2297 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
2298 <ul>
2299   <li>Updated artwork matching http://wiki.debian.org/DebianArt/Themes/Joy
2300   <li>Multi-arch i386/amd64 USB stick ISO available.</li>
2301   <li>Got rid of ispell/wordlist related debconf questions that showed
2302     up for some language options.</li>
2303   <li>Switched to using http.debian.net as APT source by default.</li>
2304   <li>Fixed proxy configuration on Main Server installations.</li>
2305   <li>Changed LTSP setup to ask dpkg to use force-unsafe-io the same way
2306     d-i is doing it.</li>
2307   <li>Made sure root and user passwords were not left behind in the
2308     debconf database after installation on Main Server installations.</li>
2309   <li>Made Roaming Workstation dynamic setup more robust and added draft
2310     script setup-ad-client to hook a Roaming Workstation up to a
2311     Active Directory server instead of a Debian Edu Main Server.</li>
2312   <li>Update system to install needed firmware packages during
2313     installation, to work properly in Wheezy.</li>
2314   <li>Update system to handle hardware quirks (debian-edu-hwsetup).</li>
2315   <li>Corrected PXE installation setup to properly pass selected desktop
2316     and keymap settings to PXE installation clients.</li>
2317   <li>LTSP diskless workstations use sshfs by default, allowing them to
2318     work without adding them to DNS and NIS netgroups for NFS access.</li>
2319 </ul>
2320 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
2321 <ul>
2322   <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
2323     available yet (698840).</li>
2324   <li>Artwork not enabled for all desktops.</li>
2325 </ul>
2326 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
2327
2328 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
2329 <ul>
2330   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso</a></li>
2331   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso</a></li>
2332   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso .</li>
2333 </ul>
2334
2335 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 2b161a99d2a848c376d8d04e3854e30c
2336 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 498922e9c508c0a7ee9dbe1dfe5bf830d779c3c8</p>
2337
2338 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
2339 <ul>
2340   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso</a></li>
2341   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso</a></li>
2342   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso .</li>
2343 </ul>
2344
2345 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 25e808e403a4c15dbef1d13c37d572ac
2346 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 15ecfc93eb6b4f453b7eb0bc04b6a279262d9721</p>
2347
2348 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
2349
2350 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
2351
2352       </div>
2353       <div class="tags">
2354
2355
2356         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2357
2358
2359       </div>
2360     </div>
2361     <div class="padding"></div>
2362
2363     <div class="entry">
2364       <div class="title">
2365         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_value_of_a_good_distro_wide_test_suite___.html">The value of a good distro wide test suite...</a>
2366       </div>
2367       <div class="date">
2368         22nd June 2013
2369       </div>
2370       <div class="body">
2371         <p>In the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
2372 Skolelinux</a> project, we include a post-installation test suite,
2373 which check that services are running, working, and return the
2374 expected results.  It runs automatically just after the first boot on
2375 test installations (using test ISOs), but not on production
2376 installations (using non-test ISOs).  It test that the LDAP service is
2377 operating, Kerberos is responding, DNS is replying, file systems are
2378 online resizable, etc, etc.  And it check that the PXE service is
2379 configured, which is the topic of this post.</p>
2380
2381 <p>The last week I've fixed the DVD and USB stick ISOs for our Debian
2382 Edu Wheezy release.  These ISOs are supposed to be able to install a
2383 complete system without any Internet connection, but for that to
2384 happen all the needed packages need to be on them.  Thanks to our test
2385 suite, I discovered that we had forgotten to adjust our PXE setup to
2386 cope with the new names and paths used by the netboot d-i packages.
2387 When Internet connectivity was available, the installer fall back to
2388 using wget to fetch d-i boot images, but when offline it require
2389 working packages to get it working.  And the packages changed name
2390 from debian-installer-6.0-netboot-$arch to
2391 debian-installer-7.0-netboot-$arch, we no longer pulled in the
2392 packages during installation.  Without our test suite, I suspect we
2393 would never have discovered this before release.  Now it is fixed
2394 right after we got the ISOs operational.</p>
2395
2396 <p>Another by-product of the test suite is that we can ask system
2397 administrators with problems getting Debian Edu to work, to run the
2398 test suite using <tt>/usr/sbin/debian-edu-test-install</tt> and see if
2399 any errors are detected.  This usually pinpoint the subsystem causing
2400 the problem.</p>
2401
2402 <p>If you want to help us help kids learn how to share and create,
2403 please join us on
2404 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu on
2405 irc.debian.org</a> and the
2406 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@</a> mailing
2407 list.</p>
2408
2409       </div>
2410       <div class="tags">
2411
2412
2413         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2414
2415
2416       </div>
2417     </div>
2418     <div class="padding"></div>
2419
2420     <div class="entry">
2421       <div class="title">
2422         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Victor_Ni_u.html">Debian Edu interview: Victor Nițu</a>
2423       </div>
2424       <div class="date">
2425         17th June 2013
2426       </div>
2427       <div class="body">
2428         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
2429 Skolelinux</a> distribution have users and contributors all around the
2430 globe.  And a while back, an enterprising young man showed up on
2431 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">our IRC channel
2432 #debian-edu</a> and started asking questions about how Debian Edu
2433 worked.  We answered as good as we could, and even convinced him to
2434 help us with translations.  And today I managed to get an interview
2435 with him, to learn more about him.</p>
2436
2437 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
2438
2439 <p>I'm a 25 year old free software enthusiast, living in Romania,
2440 which is also my country of origin. Back in 2009, at a New Year's Eve
2441 party, I had a very nice <strike>beer</strike> discussion with a
2442 friend, when we realized we have no organised Debian community in our
2443 country. A few days later, we put together the infrastructure for such
2444 community and even gathered a nice Debian-ish crowd. Since then, I
2445 began my quest as a free software hacker and activist and I am
2446 constantly trying to cover as much ground as possible on that
2447 field.</p>
2448
2449 <p>A few years ago I founded a small web development company, which
2450 provided me the flexible schedule I needed so much for my
2451 activities. For the last 13 months, I have been the Technical Director
2452 of <a href="http://ceata.org/">Fundația Ceata</a>, which is a free
2453 software activist organisation endorsed by the FSF and the FSFE, and
2454 the only one we have in our country.</p>
2455
2456 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
2457 project?</strong></p>
2458
2459 <p>The idea of participating in the Debian Edu project was a surprise
2460 even to me, since I never used it before I began getting involved in
2461 it. This year I had a great opportunity to deliver a talk on
2462 educational software, and I knew immediately where to look. It was a
2463 love at first sight, since I was previously involved with some of the
2464 technologies the project incorporates, and I rapidly found a lot of
2465 ways to contribute.</p>
2466
2467 <p>My first contributions consisted in translating the installer and
2468 configuration dialogs, then I found some bugs to squash (I still
2469 haven't fixed them yet though), and I even got my eyes on some other
2470 areas where I can prove myself helpful. Since the appetite for free
2471 software in my country is pretty low, I'll be happy to be the first
2472 one around here advocating for the project's adoption in educational
2473 environments, and maybe even get my hands dirty in creating a flavour
2474 for our own needs. I am not used to make very advanced plannings, so
2475 from now on, time will tell what I'll be doing next, but I think I
2476 have a pretty consistent starting point.</p>
2477
2478 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
2479 Edu?</strong></p>
2480
2481 <p>Not a long time ago, I was in the position of configuring and
2482 maintaining a LDAP server on some Debian derivative, and I must say it
2483 took me a while. A long time ago, I was maintaining a bigger
2484 Samba-powered infrastructure, and I must say I spent quite a lot of
2485 time on it. I have similar stories about many of the services included
2486 with Skolelinux, and the main advantage I see about it is the
2487 out-of-the box availability of them, making it quite competitive when
2488 it comes to managing a school's network, for example.</p>
2489
2490 <p>Of course, there is more to say about Skolelinux than the
2491 availability of the software included, its flexibility in various
2492 scenarios is something I can't wait to experiment "into the wild" (I
2493 only played with virtual machines so far). And I am sure there is a
2494 lot more I haven't discovered yet about it, being so new within the
2495 project.</p>
2496
2497 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2498 Edu?</strong></p>
2499
2500 <p>As usual, when it comes to Debian Blends, I see as the biggest
2501 disadvantage the lack of a numerous team dedicated to the
2502 project. Every day I see the same names in the changelogs, and I have
2503 a constantly fear of the bus factor in this story.  I'd like to see
2504 Debian Edu advertised more as an entry point into the Debian
2505 ecosystem, especially amongst newcomers and students. IMHO there are a
2506 lot low-hanging fruits in terms of bug squashing, and enough
2507 opportunities to get the feeling of the Debian Project's dynamics. Not
2508 to mention it's a very fun blend to work on!</p>
2509
2510 <p>Derived from the previous statement, is the delay in catching up
2511 with the main Debian release and documentation. This is common though
2512 to all blends and derivatives, but it's an issue we can all work
2513 on.</p>
2514
2515 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
2516
2517 <p>I can hardly imagine myself spending a day without Vim, since my
2518 daily routine covers writing code and hacking configuration files. I
2519 am a fan of the Awesome window manager (but I also like the
2520 Enlightenment project a lot!),
2521 <a href="http://www.claws-mail.org/‎">Claws Mail</a> due to its ease of
2522 use and very configurable behaviour. Recently I fell in love with
2523 <a href="https://launchpad.net/redshift">Redshift</a>, which helps me
2524 get through the night without headaches. Of course, there is much more
2525 stuff in this bag, but I'll need a blog on my own for doing this!</p>
2526
2527 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
2528 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
2529
2530 <p>Well, on this field, I cannot do much more than experiment right
2531 now. So, being far from having a recipe for success, I can only assume
2532 that:</p>
2533
2534 <ul>
2535
2536 <li>schools would like to get rid of proprietary software</li>
2537
2538 <li>students will love the openness of the system, and will want to
2539     experiment with it - maybe we need to harvest the native curiosity
2540     of teenagers more?</li>
2541
2542 <li>there is no "right one" when it comes to strategies, but it would
2543     be useful to have some success stories published somewhere, so
2544     other can get some inspiration from them (I know I'd promote
2545     them!)</li>
2546
2547 <li>more active promotion - talks, conferences, even small school
2548     lectures can do magical things if they encounter at least one
2549     person interested. Who knows who that person might be? ;-)</li>
2550
2551 </ul>
2552
2553 <p>I also see some problems in getting Skolelinux into schools; for
2554 example, in our country we have a great deal of corruption issues, so
2555 it might be hard(er) to fight against proprietary solutions. Also,
2556 people who relied on commercial software for all their lives, would be
2557 very hard to convert against their will.</p>
2558
2559       </div>
2560       <div class="tags">
2561
2562
2563         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
2564
2565
2566       </div>
2567     </div>
2568     <div class="padding"></div>
2569
2570     <div class="entry">
2571       <div class="title">
2572         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Jonathan_Carter.html">Debian Edu interview: Jonathan Carter</a>
2573       </div>
2574       <div class="date">
2575         12th June 2013
2576       </div>
2577       <div class="body">
2578         <p>There is a certain cross-over between the
2579 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
2580 project</a> and <a href="http://www.edubuntu.org/">the Edubuntu
2581 project</a>, and for example the LTSP packages in Debian are a joint
2582 effort between the projects.  One person with a foot in both camps is
2583 Jonathan Carter, which I am now happy to present to you.</p>
2584
2585 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
2586
2587 <p>I'm a South-African free software geek who lives in Cape Town. My
2588 days vary quite a bit since I'm involved in too many things. As I'm
2589 getting older I'm learning how to focus a bit more :)</p>
2590
2591 <p>I'm also an Edubuntu contributor and I love when there are
2592 opportunities for the Edubuntu and Debian Edu projects to benefit from
2593 each other.</p>
2594
2595 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
2596 project?</strong></p>
2597
2598 <p>I've been somewhat familiar with the project before, but I think my
2599 first direct exposure to the project was when I met Petter
2600 [Reinholdtsen] and Knut [Yrvin] at the Edubuntu summit in 2005 in
2601 London. They provided great feedback that helped the bootstrapping of
2602 Edubuntu. Back then Edubuntu (and even Ubuntu) was still very new and
2603 it was great getting input from people who have been around longer. I
2604 was also still very excitable and said yes to everything and to this
2605 day I have a big todo list backlog that I'm catching up with. I think
2606 over the years the relationship between Edubuntu and Debian-Edu has
2607 been gradually improving, although I think there's a lot that we could
2608 still improve on in terms of working together on packages. I'm sure
2609 we'll get there one day.</p>
2610
2611 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2612 Edu?</strong></p>
2613
2614 <p>Debian itself already has so many advantages. I could go on about
2615 it for pages, but in essence I love that it's a very honest project
2616 that puts its users first with no hidden agendas and also produces
2617 very high quality work.</p>
2618
2619 <p>I think the advantage of Debian Edu is that it makes many common
2620 set-up tasks simpler so that administrators can get up and running
2621 with a lot less effort and frustration. At the same time I think it
2622 helps to standardise installations in schools so that it's easier for
2623 community members and commercial suppliers to support.</p>
2624
2625 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2626 Edu?</strong></p>
2627
2628 <p>I had to re-type this one a few times because I'm trying to
2629 separate "disadvantages" from "areas that need improvement" (which is
2630 what I originally rambled on about)</p>
2631
2632 <p>The biggest disadvantage I can think of is lack of manpower. The
2633 project could do so much more if there were more good contributors. I
2634 think some of the problems are external too. Free software and free
2635 content in education is a no-brainer but it takes some time to catch
2636 on. When you've been working with the same proprietary eco-system for
2637 years and have gotten used to it, it can be hard to adjust to some
2638 concepts in the free software world. It would be nice if there were
2639 more Debian Edu consultants across the world. I'd love to be one
2640 myself but I'm already so over-committed that it's just not possible
2641 currently.</p>
2642
2643 <p>I think the best short-term solution to that large-scale problem is
2644 for schools to be pro-active and share their experiences and grow
2645 their skills in-house. I'm often saddened to see how much money
2646 educational institutions spend on 3rd party solutions that they don't
2647 have access to after the service has ended and they could've gotten so
2648 much more value otherwise by being more self-sustainable and
2649 autonomous.</p>
2650
2651 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
2652
2653 <p>My main laptop dual-boots between Debian and Windows 7. I was
2654 Windows free for years but started dual-booting again last year for
2655 some games which help me focus and relax (Starcraft II in
2656 particular). Gaming support on Linux is improving in leaps and bounds
2657 so I suppose I'll soon be able to regain that disk space :)</p>
2658
2659 <p>Besides that I rely on Icedove, Chromium, Terminator, Byobu, irssi,
2660 git, Tomboy, KVM, VLC and LibreOffice. Recently I've been torn on
2661 which desktop environment I like and I'm taking some refuge in Xfce
2662 while I figure that out. I like tools that keep things simple. I enjoy
2663 Python and shell scripting. I went to an Arduino workshop recently and
2664 it was awesome seeing how easy and simple the IDE software was to get
2665 up and running in Debian compared to the users running Windows and OS
2666 X.</p>
2667
2668 <p>I also use mc which some people frown upon slightly. I got used to
2669 using Norton Commander in the early 90's and it stuck (I think the
2670 people who sneer at it is just jealous that they don't know how to use
2671 it :p)
2672
2673 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
2674 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
2675
2676 <p>I think trying to force it is unproductive. I also think that in
2677 many cases it's appropriate for schools to use non-free systems and I
2678 don't think that there's any particular moral or ethical problem with
2679 that.</p>
2680
2681 <p>I do think though that free software can already solve so so many
2682 problems in educational institutions and it's just a shame not taking
2683 advantage of that.</p>
2684
2685 <p>I also think that some curricula need serious review. For example,
2686 some areas of the world rely heavily on very specific versions of MS
2687 Office, teaching students to parrot menu items instead of learning the
2688 general concepts. I think that's very unproductive because firstly, MS
2689 Office's interface changes drastically every few years and on top of
2690 that it also locks in a generation to a product that might not be the
2691 best solution for them.</p>
2692
2693 <p>To answer your question, I believe that the right strategy is to
2694 educate and inform, giving someone the information they require to
2695 make a decision that would work for them.</p>
2696
2697       </div>
2698       <div class="tags">
2699
2700
2701         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
2702
2703
2704       </div>
2705     </div>
2706     <div class="padding"></div>
2707
2708     <div class="entry">
2709       <div class="title">
2710         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Third alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
2711       </div>
2712       <div class="date">
2713         10th June 2013
2714       </div>
2715       <div class="body">
2716         <p>The third wheezy based alpha release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
2717 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
2718
2719 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.0.0 alpha2 released
2720 2013-06-10</strong></p>
2721
2722 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux 7.0.0 edu
2723 alpha2, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
2724
2725 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
2726
2727 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
2728 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
2729 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
2730 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
2731 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
2732 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
2733 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
2734 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
2735 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
2736 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
2737 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
2738 desktop contains
2739 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
2740 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
2741 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
2742 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
2743
2744 <p>This is the third test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
2745 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
2746 Squeeze release.</p>
2747
2748 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
2749
2750 <ul>
2751
2752 <li>Iceweasel was updated from 10 to 17. (DSA 2699-1)
2753 <li>Updated libxv (DSA-2674), libxvmc (DSA-2675), libxfixes (DSA-2676), libxrender (DSA-2677), mesa (DSA-2678), xserver-xorg-video-openchrome (DSA-2679), libxt (DSA-2680), libxcursor (DSA-2681), libxext (DSA-2682), libxi (DSA-2683), libxrandr (DSA-2684), libxp (DSA-2685), libxcb (DSA-2686), libfs (DSA-2687), libxres (DSA-2688), libxtst (DSA-2689), libxxf86dga (DSA-2690), libxinerama (DSA-2691), libxxf86vm (DSA-2692), libx11 (DSA-2693), chromium-browser (DSA-2695), gnutls26 (DSA-2697), wireshark (DSA-2700), krb5 (DSA-2701), telepathy-gabble (DSA-2702) and subversion (DSA-2703).
2754 <li>Switched xrdp on thin client servers to use tightvncserver instead of xvnc4.
2755 <li>Now install software oscilloscope xoscope by default.
2756 <li>Now install music tools gtick, lingot and pianobooster by default.
2757
2758 </ul>
2759
2760 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
2761
2762 <ul>
2763
2764 <li>The subnet-change script is now able to change all files needing a change on the main-server when changing the IP network used.
2765 <li>Updated translation of the installation.
2766 <li>New Romanian translation.
2767 <li>Fix security problem causing root and first user password to no longer show up in /var/cache/debconf/templates.dat.
2768 <li>Fix roaming workstation setup (Closed in libpam-mklocaluser/0.8, libpam-mklocaluser/0.8~deb7u1: #706753: libpam-mklocaluser: Fail to create local user during first login).
2769 <li>Made roaming workstation setup more robust in non-Debian Edu environments.
2770 <li>New script debian-edu-bless to transform a Debian installation to a Debian Edu profile.
2771 <li>Adjust Iceweasel setup to improve performance when $HOME is on NFS.
2772 <li>More testsuite tests.
2773 <li>Make automatic proxy configuration more robust.
2774 <li>Adjust GOsa² GUI configuration.
2775
2776 <li>Update thin client and diskless workstation setup to work with
2777 LTSP in Wheezy.</li>
2778
2779 <li>Diskless workstations now run out of the box -- no need to set
2780 them up with GOsa².</li>
2781
2782 <li>Update IMAP server setup. </li>
2783
2784 <li>Fix login into Skolelinux Backup Tool (Closed in
2785 slbackup-php/0.4.4-1: #700257: slbackup-php: Fails to submit correctly
2786 entered password). </li>
2787
2788 </ul>
2789
2790 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
2791
2792 <ul>
2793
2794 <li>DVD binary and source images are not yet ready.</li>
2795
2796 <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
2797 available yet (Open in gosa/2.7.4-4: #698840: gosa-plugin-ldapmanager:
2798 missing import feature).</li>
2799
2800 <li>Missing artwork for the KDE desktop (and probably a few others). </li>
2801
2802 <li>KDE Debian submenu lacks icons (Closed: #502192: menu-xdg: invents
2803 own icon names instead of using existing). This will remain
2804 unfixed.</li>
2805
2806 </ul>
2807
2808 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
2809
2810 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
2811
2812 <ul>
2813
2814 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso</a></li>
2815
2816 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso</a></li>
2817
2818 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso .</li>
2819
2820 </ul>
2821
2822 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 27bbcace407743382f3c42c08dbe8178
2823 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: e35f7d7908566cd3075375b3721fa10ee420d419</p>
2824
2825 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
2826
2827 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
2828
2829       </div>
2830       <div class="tags">
2831
2832
2833         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2834
2835
2836       </div>
2837     </div>
2838     <div class="padding"></div>
2839
2840     <div class="entry">
2841       <div class="title">
2842         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Is_there_a_PHP_expert_in_the_building___Debian_Edu_need_help_.html">Is there a PHP expert in the building?  Debian Edu need help!</a>
2843       </div>
2844       <div class="date">
2845          5th June 2013
2846       </div>
2847       <div class="body">
2848         <p>Here is a call for help from the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project.
2849 We have two problems blocking the release of the Wheezy version we
2850 hope to get released soon.  The two problems require some with PHP
2851 skills, and we seem to lack anyone with both time and PHP skills in
2852 the project:
2853
2854 <ol>
2855
2856 <li>It is impossible to log into the slbackup web interface
2857   (slbackup-php) using the root user and password.  This is
2858   <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/700257">BTS report #700257</a>.
2859   This used to work, but stopped working some time since Squeeze.
2860   Perhaps some obsolete PHP feature was used?</li>
2861
2862 <li>It is not possible to "mass import" user lists in Gosa, neither
2863   using ldif nor using CSV files.  The feature was disabled after a
2864   major rewrite of Gosa, and need to be ported to the new system.
2865   This is <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/698840">BTS report
2866   #698840</a>.</li>
2867
2868 </ol>
2869
2870 <p>If you can help us, please join us on IRC
2871 (<a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu on
2872 irc.debian.org</a>) and provide patches via the BTS.</p>
2873
2874       </div>
2875       <div class="tags">
2876
2877
2878         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2879
2880
2881       </div>
2882     </div>
2883     <div class="padding"></div>
2884
2885     <div class="entry">
2886       <div class="title">
2887         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__C_dric_Boutillier.html">Debian Edu interview: Cédric Boutillier</a>
2888       </div>
2889       <div class="date">
2890          4th June 2013
2891       </div>
2892       <div class="body">
2893         <p>It has been a while since my last English
2894 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
2895 interview last November.  But the developers and translators are still
2896 pulling along to get the Wheezy based release out the door, and this
2897 time I managed to get an interview from one of the French translators
2898 in the project, Cédric Boutillier.</p>
2899
2900 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
2901
2902 <p>I am 34 year old. I live near Paris, France. I am an assistant
2903 professor in probability theory. I spend my daytime teaching
2904 mathematics at the university and doing fundamental research in
2905 probability in connexion with combinatorics and statistical physics.</p>
2906
2907 <p>I have been involved in the Debian project for a couple of years
2908 and became Debian Developer a few months ago. I am working on Ruby
2909 packaging, publicity and translation.</p>
2910
2911 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
2912 project?</strong></p>
2913
2914 <p>I came to the Debian Edu project after a call for translation of
2915 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Manuals">the
2916 Debian Edu manual</a> for the release of Debian Edu Squeeze. Since
2917 then, I have been working on updating the French translation of the
2918 manual.
2919
2920 <p>I had the opportunity to make an installation of Debian Edu in a
2921 virtual machine when I was preparing localised version of some screen
2922 shots for the manual. I was amazed to see it worked out of the box and
2923 how comprehensive the list of software installed by default was.</p>
2924
2925 <p>What amazed me was the complete network infrastructure directly
2926 ready to use, which can and the nice administration interface provided
2927 by <a href="https://oss.gonicus.de/labs/gosa/">GOsa²</a>.  What pleased
2928 me also was the fact that among the software installed by default,
2929 there were many "traditional" educative software to learn languages,
2930 to count, to program... but also software to develop creativity and
2931 artistic skills with music (<a href="http://ardour.org/">Ardour</a>,
2932 <a href="http://audacity.sourceforge.net/">Audacity</a>) and
2933 movies/animation (I was especially thinking of
2934 <a href="http://linuxstopmotion.sourceforge.net/">Stopmotion</a>).</p>
2935
2936 <p>I am following the development of Debian Edu and am hanging out on
2937 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu</a>.
2938 Unfortunately, I don't much time to get more involved in this
2939 beautiful project.</p>
2940
2941 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2942 Edu?</strong></p>
2943
2944 <p>For me, the main advantages of Skolelinux/Debian Edu are its
2945 community of experts and its precise documentation, as well as the
2946 fact that it provides a solution ready to use.</p>
2947
2948 <p>I would add also the fact that it is based on the rock solid Debian
2949 distribution, which ensures stability and provides a huge collection
2950 of educational free software.</p>
2951
2952 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2953 Edu?</strong></p>
2954
2955 <p>Maybe the lack of manpower to do lobbying on the
2956 project. Sometimes, people who need to take decisions concerning IT do
2957 not have all the elements to evaluate properly free software
2958 solutions. The fact that support by a company may be difficult to find
2959 is probably a problem if the school does not have IT personnel.</p>
2960
2961 <p>One can find support from a company by looking at
2962 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Help/ProfessionalHelp">the
2963 wiki dokumentation</a>, where some countries already have a number of
2964 companies providing support for Debian Edu, like Germany or
2965 Norway. This list is easy to find readily from the manual. However,
2966 for other countries, like France, the list is empty. I guess that
2967 consultants proposing support for Debian would be able to provide some
2968 support for Debian Edu as well.</p>
2969
2970 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
2971
2972 <p>I am using the KDE Plasma Desktop. But the pieces of software I use
2973 most runs in a terminal: Mutt and OfflineIMAP for emails, latex for
2974 scientific documents, mpd for music. VIM is my editor of choice.  I am
2975 also using the mathematical software
2976 <a href="http://www.scilab.org/en/scilab/about‎">Scilab</a> and
2977 <a href="http://www.sagemath.org/index.html‎">Sage</a> (built from
2978 source as not completely packaged for Debian, yet).
2979
2980 <p><strong>Do you have any suggestions for teachers interested in
2981 using the free software in Debian to teach mathematics and
2982 statistics?</strong></p>
2983
2984 <p>I do not have any "nice" recommendations for statistics. At our
2985 university, we use both <a href="http://www.r-project.org/‎">R</a> and
2986 Scilab to teach statistics and probabilistic simulations. For
2987 geometry, there are nice programs:</p>
2988
2989 <ul>
2990
2991 <li><a href="http://www.drgeo.eu/">drgeo</a> and
2992 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/applications/all/kig‎">kig</a> to do
2993 constructions in planar geometry
2994
2995 <li><a href="http://www.geom.uiuc.edu/software/download/kali.html">kali</a>
2996 to discover symmetry groups (the so-called wallpapers and frieze
2997 groups), although the interface looks a bit old.</li>
2998
2999 </ul>
3000
3001 <p>I like also
3002 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/applications/all/cantor">cantor</a>, which
3003 provides a uniform interface to SciLab, Sage,
3004 <a href="http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Octave‎">Octave</a>, etc...</p>
3005
3006 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
3007 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
3008
3009 <p>My suggestions would be to</p>
3010
3011 <ul>
3012
3013 <li>advertise the reduction of costs when free software is used.</li>
3014
3015 <li>communicate about the quality of free software projects, using
3016     well known examples like Firefox, ThunderBird and
3017     OpenOffice.org/LibreOffice.</li>
3018
3019 <li>advertise the living and strong community around the project.</li>
3020
3021 <li>show that it is not more difficult to use than any other
3022     system.</li>
3023
3024 </ul>
3025
3026       </div>
3027       <div class="tags">
3028
3029
3030         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
3031
3032
3033       </div>
3034     </div>
3035     <div class="padding"></div>
3036
3037     <div class="entry">
3038       <div class="title">
3039         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">Educational applications included in Debian Edu / Skolelinux (the screenshot collection :-)</a>
3040       </div>
3041       <div class="date">
3042          1st June 2013
3043       </div>
3044       <div class="body">
3045         <p>Included in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
3046 Skolelinux</a>, there are quite a lot of educational software.
3047 Created to help teachers teach, and pupils learn.  We have tried to
3048 tag them all using debtags use::learning and role::program, and using
3049 the debtags I was happy to be able to create a collage of the
3050 educational software packages installed by default, sorted by the
3051 debtag field.  Here it is.  Click on a image to learn more about the
3052 program.</p>
3053
3054 <!-- for f in $(debtags tagcat|grep field::|awk '{print $2}'); do   echo; echo "<p><strong>$f</strong></p>"; echo "<p>";   (     for p in $(debtags search --names "use::learning && interface::x11 && role::program && $f"); do img="<img src='http://screenshots.debian.net/thumbnail/$p' alt='$p'>"; if dpkg -s $p > /dev/null 2>&1; then           echo "<a href='http://packages.qa.debian.org/$p'>$img</a>"; fi;     done;   ) | LANG=C sort; echo "</p>"; done -->
3055
3056 <p><strong>field::arts</strong></p>
3057 <p>
3058 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=audacity'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/audacity.png' alt='audacity'></a>
3059 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
3060 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=denemo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/denemo.png' alt='denemo'></a>
3061 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=freebirth'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/freebirth.png' alt='freebirth'></a>
3062 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
3063 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gimp'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gimp.png' alt='gimp'></a>
3064 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=hydrogen'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/hydrogen.png' alt='hydrogen'></a>
3065 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=lilypond'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/lilypond.png' alt='lilypond'></a>
3066 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=lmms'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/lmms.png' alt='lmms'></a>
3067 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=rosegarden'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/rosegarden.png' alt='rosegarden'></a>
3068 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scribus'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scribus.png' alt='scribus'></a>
3069 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=solfege'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/solfege.png' alt='solfege'></a>
3070 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=stopmotion'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/stopmotion.png' alt='stopmotion'></a>
3071 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=tuxpaint'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/tuxpaint.png' alt='tuxpaint'></a>
3072 </p>
3073
3074 <p><strong>field::astronomy</strong></p>
3075 <p>
3076 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=celestia-gnome'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/celestia-gnome.png' alt='celestia-gnome'></a>
3077 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gpredict'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gpredict.png' alt='gpredict'></a>
3078 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kstars'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kstars.png' alt='kstars'></a>
3079 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=planets'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/planets.png' alt='planets'></a>
3080 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=stellarium'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/stellarium.png' alt='stellarium'></a>
3081 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xplanet'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xplanet.png' alt='xplanet'></a>
3082 </p>
3083
3084 <p><strong>field::biology:structural</strong></p>
3085 <p>
3086 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=pymol'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/pymol.png' alt='pymol'></a>
3087 </p>
3088
3089 <p><strong>field::chemistry</strong></p>
3090 <p>
3091 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=atomix'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/atomix.png' alt='atomix'></a>
3092 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=chemtool'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/chemtool.png' alt='chemtool'></a>
3093 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=easychem'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/easychem.png' alt='easychem'></a>
3094 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gchempaint'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gchempaint.png' alt='gchempaint'></a>
3095 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gdis'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gdis.png' alt='gdis'></a>
3096 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=ghemical'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/ghemical.png' alt='ghemical'></a>
3097 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gperiodic'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gperiodic.png' alt='gperiodic'></a>
3098 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kalzium'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kalzium.png' alt='kalzium'></a>
3099 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=pymol'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/pymol.png' alt='pymol'></a>
3100 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=viewmol'>[viewmol]</a>
3101 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xdrawchem'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xdrawchem.png' alt='xdrawchem'></a>
3102 </p>
3103
3104 <p><strong>field::electronics</strong></p>
3105 <p>
3106 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
3107 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gpsim'>[gpsim]</a>
3108 </p>
3109
3110 <p><strong>field::geography</strong></p>
3111 <p>
3112 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kgeography'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kgeography.png' alt='kgeography'></a>
3113 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=marble'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/marble.png' alt='marble'></a>
3114 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xplanet'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xplanet.png' alt='xplanet'></a>
3115 </p>
3116
3117 <p><strong>field::linguistics</strong></p>
3118 <p>
3119 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
3120 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kanagram'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kanagram.png' alt='kanagram'></a>
3121 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=khangman'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/khangman.png' alt='khangman'></a>
3122 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=klettres'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/klettres.png' alt='klettres'></a>
3123 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=parley'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/parley.png' alt='parley'></a>
3124 </p>
3125
3126 <p><strong>field::mathematics</strong></p>
3127 <p>
3128 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
3129 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=drgeo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/drgeo.png' alt='drgeo'></a>
3130 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
3131 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=geogebra'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/geogebra.png' alt='geogebra'></a>
3132 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=geomview'>[geomview]</a>
3133 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=grace'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/grace.png' alt='grace'></a>
3134 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=graphmonkey'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/graphmonkey.png' alt='graphmonkey'></a>
3135 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=graphthing'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/graphthing.png' alt='graphthing'></a>
3136 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kalgebra'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kalgebra.png' alt='kalgebra'></a>
3137 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kbruch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kbruch.png' alt='kbruch'></a>
3138 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kig'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kig.png' alt='kig'></a>
3139 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kmplot'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kmplot.png' alt='kmplot'></a>
3140 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=mathwar'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/mathwar.png' alt='mathwar'></a>
3141 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=rocs'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/rocs.png' alt='rocs'></a>
3142 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scratch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scratch.png' alt='scratch'></a>
3143 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=tuxmath'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/tuxmath.png' alt='tuxmath'></a>
3144 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xabacus'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xabacus.png' alt='xabacus'></a>
3145 </p>
3146
3147 <p><strong>field::physics</strong></p>
3148 <p>
3149 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
3150 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=step'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/step.png' alt='step'></a>
3151 </p>
3152
3153 <p><strong>field::TODO</strong></p>
3154 <p>
3155 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=blinken'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/blinken.png' alt='blinken'></a>
3156 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=cgoban'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/cgoban.png' alt='cgoban'></a>
3157 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
3158 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
3159 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gnuchess'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gnuchess.png' alt='gnuchess'></a>
3160 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gnugo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gnugo.png' alt='gnugo'></a>
3161 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gtans'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gtans.png' alt='gtans'></a>
3162 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=ktouch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/ktouch.png' alt='ktouch'></a>
3163 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=librecad'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/librecad.png' alt='librecad'></a>
3164 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scratch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scratch.png' alt='scratch'></a>
3165 </p>
3166
3167 <p>In total, 61 applications.  3 of them lacked screen shots on
3168 <a href="http://screenshot.debian.net">screenshot.debian.net</a>.  If
3169 you know of some packages we should install by default, please let us
3170 know on <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">IRC, #debian-edu
3171 on irc.debian.org</a>, or our
3172 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">mailing list
3173 debian-edu@</a>.</p>
3174
3175       </div>
3176       <div class="tags">
3177
3178
3179         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3180
3181
3182       </div>
3183     </div>
3184     <div class="padding"></div>
3185
3186     <div class="entry">
3187       <div class="title">
3188         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Nirosan_Thiyagalingam.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Nirosan Thiyagalingam</a>
3189       </div>
3190       <div class="date">
3191         24th May 2013
3192       </div>
3193       <div class="body">
3194         <p>En ting
3195 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektet</a> har
3196 hatt mye glede av er studentprosjekter.  F.eks.  er
3197 <a href="http://linuxstopmotion.org/">stillbildeanimasjonssystemet
3198 Stopmotion</a> resultat av et studentprosjekt i Skolelinux.  De siste
3199 månedene har en ivrig student veiledet av Marius Kotsbak i
3200 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRiSK</a> testet hva en
3201 kan få til med en datamaskin til NOK 400,- (antagelig 1700,- med
3202 skjerm, tastatur og mus) når det brukes i Skolelinux.  Jeg spurte han
3203 om et intervju.</p>
3204
3205 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
3206
3207 <p>Jeg heter Nirosan Thiyagalingam. Jeg er 24 år og studerer
3208 dataingeniør studiet ved Høgskolen i Sør Trøndelag. Interessen for
3209 data har siden ung alder vært tilstede og jeg har i tillegg alltid
3210 vært glad i å lære nye ting. Med teknologi som endres svært hurtig er
3211 det alltid noe nytt å lære.  Noe som igjen har gjort det svært
3212 interessant å følge med på utviklingen.  Jeg valgte dataingeniør
3213 studiet grunnet ønske om å lære enda mer om programmering og utvikling
3214 av store systemer.</p>
3215
3216 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
3217
3218 <p>Skolelinux prosjektet hørte jeg først om i media. Men det var først
3219 når jeg skulle velge bacheloroppgave at jeg fattet mer interesse for
3220 prosjektet. Et enkelt søk på nettet førte meg til skolelinux sine
3221 hjemmesider.  Informasjonen jeg fant der gjorde meg enda nysgjerrig og
3222 jeg valgte derfor en oppgave som gikk ut på å få en
3223 <a href="http://www.raspberrypi.org">Raspberry PI</a>.  Altså en
3224 ultra-billig datamaskin til å kjøre Debian Edu på lik linje med
3225 vanlige datamaskiner. I løpet av prosjektet ble det gjort mye
3226 forskning på nettet. Det var mye jeg måtte forstå rundt hvordan
3227 operativsystemet Linux fungerte før jeg kunne angripe
3228 problemet. Prøvde først å finne ut hvordan man kunne transformere en
3229 vanlig installasjon av Skolelinux til Raspberry PI, men dette var
3230 altfor vanskelig å jeg endte opp med mer spørsmål enn svar. Det ble
3231 videre opprettet kontakt med Skolelinux utviklere på IRC der jeg fikk
3232 diskutert hvilken retning jeg burde gå for å få til en fullverdig
3233 løsning. Det ble bestemt at jeg skulle gå for å først installere
3234 <a href="http://www.raspbian.org/">Raspian</a>. Dette er et
3235 operativsystem basert på Debian spesiallaget for Raspberry Pi sin
3236 maskinvare. Nå som Debian var installert på datamaskinen gjenstod det
3237 å installere de nødvendige Skolelinux pakkene for å få til et
3238 fullverdig system. Disse pakkene ble installert manuelt i første
3239 omgang, men ble senere installert automatisk via et script som Petter
3240 Reinholdtsen laget. Dette scriptet er så enkel å bruke at man er i
3241 gang med installasjonen i løpet av bare 5 minutter. Ikke nok med det,
3242 alt skjer helt automatisk. Alt i alt er jeg veldig fornøyd med
3243 resultatet av installasjonsprosessen. Raspberry Pi er en veldig svak
3244 maskin og det merkes godt når man har installert Skolelinux på
3245 den. Video og 3D-rendering fungerer utrolig dårlig, men nettsurfing og
3246 kontorprogrammer fungerer godt.  Det kan derfor konkluderes med at
3247 datamaskinen er egnet for enkle oppgaver.
3248
3249 <p>Jeg syns det er viktig påpeke at dette kun er startfasen av en slik
3250 løsning. På markedet finnes det nå maskiner som har bedre hardware enn
3251 Raspberry Pi. Det er store muligheter for at man kan klare å
3252 installere Skolelinux på disse også, og da forsvinner nok mest
3253 sannsynlig ytelsesproblemene med Video og 3D rendering også.</p>
3254
3255 <p>Det ble også prøvd med en løsning som gjorde at Raspberry Pi
3256 fungerte som en tynnklient. Denne løsningen hadde langt bedre ytelse
3257 med tanke på hastighet og brukeropplevelse. Men også her var video og
3258 3D rendering dårlig. Det ble brukt en liten Linux distribusjon kalt
3259 <a href="http://www.berryterminal.com/">BerryTerminal</a> for å få til
3260 dette.</p>
3261
3262 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
3263
3264 <p>Fordelen med Skolelinux er mange. At det er gratis er en stor
3265 fordel, men at det er så mange som er med på å utvikle det og
3266 vedlikeholde det er en enda større fordel. Allerede før jeg startet
3267 med prosjektet så jeg mange fordeler, og når jeg nærmet meg sluttfasen
3268 så jeg langt flere. At prosjektet skulle inneha en så høy kvalitet
3269 hadde jeg aldri trodd. En vanlig Skolelinux installasjon har de
3270 nødvendige programmene og funksjonen som både små og store skoler i
3271 tillegg til organisasjoner kan klare seg med.  At prosjektet tilbyr en
3272 så komplett løsning er en kjempefordel.  Installasjonen er knirkefri
3273 og det er svært enkelt å installere og komme i gang.</p>
3274
3275 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
3276
3277 <p>Ulempene jeg ser med prosjektet er ryddigheten av websidene. Selv
3278 om websidene er enkle og konsise er det allikevel ikke appellerende i
3279 like stor grad som for eksempel
3280 <a href="http://www.ubuntu.com">Ubuntu</a> sine sider.  Deres side
3281 tilbyr, i tillegg til godt design og presentasjon, en nettbasert
3282 emulator av deres operativsystem. Dette er en stor fordel slik jeg ser
3283 det.  Bortsett fra dette ser jeg absolutt ingen ulemper med
3284 Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
3285
3286 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
3287
3288 <p>Til daglig er jeg en flittig bruker av det åpne media
3289 sentersystemet <a href="http://xbmc.org/">XBMC</a>. Det enorme
3290 samfunnet rundt dette prosjektet har gjort dette til et program som
3291 dekker alles behov. Man kan tilpasse det akkurat slik man vil både med
3292 tanke på utseende og funksjoner ved installere plug-ins eller
3293 scripts.</p>
3294
3295 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
3296 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
3297
3298 <p>Strategien som burde brukes sett fra mine øyne er
3299 markedsføring. Jeg er sikker på at om flere skoler fikk et lite innsyn
3300 i hvor bra Skolelinux er så ville de ikke nølt med å gå over fra noe
3301 annet som koster de store summer. At skolelinux til de grader tilbyr
3302 en så komplett løsning bure komme frem. Enten via reklamekampanjer
3303 eller ved å sende ut folk til skoler for så å la skolenettverk
3304 ansvarlige få teste ut hvordan Skolelinux fungerer i praksis. Om det
3305 i tillegg ble utviklet gode websider og en emulator for å la brukere
3306 prøve operativsystemet ville nok dette ha styrket inntrykket
3307 betraktelig.</p>
3308
3309       </div>
3310       <div class="tags">
3311
3312
3313         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
3314
3315
3316       </div>
3317     </div>
3318     <div class="padding"></div>
3319
3320     <div class="entry">
3321       <div class="title">
3322         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_transform_a_Debian_based_system_to_a_Debian_Edu_installation.html">How to transform a Debian based system to a Debian Edu installation</a>
3323       </div>
3324       <div class="date">
3325         17th May 2013
3326       </div>
3327       <div class="body">
3328         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> is
3329 an operating system based on Debian intended for use in schools.  It
3330 contain a turn-key solution for the computer network provided to
3331 pupils in the primary schools.  It provide both the central server,
3332 network boot servers and desktop environments with heaps of
3333 educational software.  The project was founded almost 12 years ago,
3334 2001-07-02.  If you want to support the project, which is in need for
3335 cash to fund developer gatherings and other project related activity,
3336 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/donations.html">please
3337 donate some money</a>.
3338
3339 <p>A topic that come up again and again on the Debian Edu mailing
3340 lists and elsewhere, is the question on how to transform a Debian or
3341 Ubuntu installation into a Debian Edu installation.  It isn't very
3342 hard, and last week I wrote a script to replicate the steps done by
3343 the Debian Edu installer.</p>
3344
3345 <p>The script,
3346 <a href="http://anonscm.debian.org/viewvc/debian-edu/branches/wheezy/debian-edu-config/share/debian-edu-config/tools/debian-edu-bless?view=markup">debian-edu-bless<a/>
3347 in the debian-edu-config package, will go through these six steps and
3348 transform an existing Debian Wheezy or Ubuntu (untested) installation
3349 into a Debian Edu Workstation:</p>
3350
3351 <ol>
3352
3353 <li>Add skolelinux related APT sources.</li>
3354 <li>Create /etc/debian-edu/config with the wanted configuration.</li>
3355 <li>Install debian-edu-install to load preseeding values and pull in
3356     our configuration.</li>
3357 <li>Preseed debconf database with profile setup in
3358     /etc/debian-edu/config, and run tasksel to install packages
3359     according to the profile specified in the config above,
3360     overriding some of the Debian automation machinery.</li>
3361 <li>Run debian-edu-cfengine-D installation to configure everything
3362     that could not be done using preseeding.</li>
3363 <li>Ask for a reboot to enable all the configuration changes.</li>
3364
3365 </ol>
3366
3367 <p>There are some steps in the Debian Edu installation that can not be
3368 replicated like this.  Disk partitioning and LVM setup, for example.
3369 So this script just assume there is enough disk space to install all
3370 the needed packages.</p>
3371
3372 <p>The script was created to help a Debian Edu student working on
3373 setting up <a href="http://www.raspberrypi.org">Raspberry Pi</a> as a
3374 Debian Edu client, and using it he can take the existing
3375 <a href="http://www.raspbian.org/FrontPage‎">Raspbian</a> installation and
3376 transform it into a fully functioning Debian Edu Workstation (or
3377 Roaming Workstation, or whatever :).</p>
3378
3379 <p>The default setting in the script is to create a KDE Workstation.
3380 If a LXDE based Roaming workstation is wanted instead, modify the
3381 PROFILE and DESKTOP values at the top to look like this instead:</p>
3382
3383 <p><pre>
3384 PROFILE="Roaming-Workstation"
3385 DESKTOP="lxde"
3386 </pre></p>
3387
3388 <p>The script could even become useful to set up Debian Edu servers in
3389 the cloud, by starting with a virtual Debian installation at some
3390 virtual hosting service and setting up all the services on first
3391 boot.</p>
3392
3393       </div>
3394       <div class="tags">
3395
3396
3397         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3398
3399
3400       </div>
3401     </div>
3402     <div class="padding"></div>
3403
3404     <div class="entry">
3405       <div class="title">
3406         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Second alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
3407       </div>
3408       <div class="date">
3409         14th May 2013
3410       </div>
3411       <div class="body">
3412         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
3413 project</a> is making great progress and made its second Wheezy based
3414 release today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
3415
3416 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.0.0 alpha1 released
3417 2013-05-14</strong></p>
3418
3419 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux 7.0.0 edu
3420 alpha1, based on <a href="http://www.debian.org">Debian</a> with
3421 codename "Wheezy".</p>
3422
3423 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
3424
3425 <p>Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux, is a Linux distribution based
3426 on Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
3427 configured school network. Immediatly after installation a school
3428 server running all services needed for a school network is set up just
3429 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
3430 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
3431 initial installation of the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all
3432 other machines can be installed via the network.</p>
3433
3434 <p>This is the first test release based on Wheezy (which currently is
3435 not released yet). Basically this is an updated and slightly improved
3436 version compared to the Squeeze release.</p>
3437
3438 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
3439 <ul>
3440   <li>Install freemind (0.9.0) by default, and stop installing vym by
3441     default.</li>
3442   <li>Install chromium (26.0.1410.43) by default.</li>
3443   <li>Install goplay (0.5-1.1) to make golearn available by default.</li>
3444   <li>Updated support for Japanese input methods, now based on
3445     ibus-anthy.</li>
3446 </ul>
3447
3448 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
3449 <ul>
3450
3451   <li>Switched default file system from ext3 to ext4 for speed and
3452     reliability improvements.</li>
3453   <li>Got rid of unwanted winbind daemon and PAM setup activated because
3454     of <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/706434">706434</a>.</li>
3455   <li>Extended and improved the testsuite tests to detect more possible
3456     problems.</li>
3457   <li>Corrected proxy handling to not set http_proxy to a bogus
3458     direct:// URL.</li>
3459   <li>Corrected proxy setup for diskless workstations.</li>
3460   <li>Corrected PXE setup to use our updated udebs during installation.</li>
3461   <li>Made installation handling of low entropy level more robust.</li>
3462   <li>Create larger partitions for Roaming workstations and Thin client
3463     servers, to make room for all the software installed.</li>
3464   <li>Fix bug in Roaming workstation PAM setup, making it impossible to
3465     log in (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/706753">706753</a>).</li>
3466 </ul>
3467
3468 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
3469 <ul>
3470
3471   <li>IP resolution for the local hostname give useless IPv6 address
3472     (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/705900">705900</a>).  Only install
3473     libnss-myhostname on roaming workstations until it is fixed.</li>
3474   <li>DVD images are not yet ready.</li>
3475   <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
3476     available yet (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/698840">698840</a>).</li>
3477   <li>Missing artwork for the KDE desktop (and probably a few others).</li>
3478   <li>KDE Debian submenu lacks icons.</li>
3479   <li>LXDE menu lacks entry for changing GOsa password
3480     (website). Installing gosa-desktop will be an option.</li>
3481   <li>Backup configuration via web interface is impossible due to
3482     password submission problem
3483     (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/700257">700257</a>).</li>
3484
3485 </ul>
3486
3487 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
3488
3489 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
3490 <ul>
3491
3492   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</a></li>
3493   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</a></li>
3494   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</li>
3495
3496 </ul>
3497
3498 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 685ed76c1aa8e44b12d3fde21faf450b</p>
3499
3500 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 6c874de157024da13e115bab29c068080a11ec4c</p>
3501
3502 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
3503
3504 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
3505
3506       </div>
3507       <div class="tags">
3508
3509
3510         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3511
3512
3513       </div>
3514     </div>
3515     <div class="padding"></div>
3516
3517     <div class="entry">
3518       <div class="title">
3519         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Narvik_sparer_minst_9_millioner_p____bruke_Skolelinux.html">Narvik sparer minst 9 millioner på å bruke Skolelinux</a>
3520       </div>
3521       <div class="date">
3522         10th May 2013
3523       </div>
3524       <div class="body">
3525         <p>I fjor sommer ble jeg
3526 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">gledelig
3527 overrasket</a> over et oppslag i avisen Fremover om Narvik kommunes
3528 bruk av <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>.  Oppslaget
3529 var basert på et notat som besvarte spørsmål fra ordfører Tor Nysæter
3530 og rådgiver for skolesektoren, Petter Falkbu, om bruken av Skolelinux
3531 i Narvikskolene og konstnaden ved å gå over til Windows.  For litt
3532 over en uke siden siden fikk jeg endelig bedt kommunen om å få innsyn
3533 i dette notatet, og det ble oversendt på epost tirsdag.  Jeg fikk
3534 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/pub/offentliginnsyn/from-Narvik-kommune/2013-04-29-09:12-skolelinux-notat/PetterFalkbuogwindowsfornarvikskolen%20(L)351310.pdf">lagt
3535 ut notatet</a> samme dag, og fikk i dag sjekket postlista til Narvik,
3536 der jeg fant notatet som
3537 <a href="https://www.narvik.kommune.no/innsyn.aspx?response=arkivsak_detaljer&arkivsakid=2013001023&scripturi=/innsyn.aspx&skin=infolink&Mid1=301&">sak
3538 2013/1023</a>.</p>
3539
3540 <p>Notatet forteller at Narvik ville måtte betalt minst 9 millioner
3541 for å gå over til Windows på skolene.  I tillegg dokumenterer notatet
3542 at læreplanens krav oppfylles uten problemer ved bruk av Skolelinux.
3543 Jeg anbefaler alle å lese de 10 sidene med gode argumenter for å kutte
3544 unødige utgifter på IT i skoleverket. :)</p>
3545
3546       </div>
3547       <div class="tags">
3548
3549
3550         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
3551
3552
3553       </div>
3554     </div>
3555     <div class="padding"></div>
3556
3557     <div class="entry">
3558       <div class="title">
3559         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Wheezy_is_out___and_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_should_soon_follow___newinwheezy.html">Debian Wheezy is out - and Debian Edu / Skolelinux should soon follow! #newinwheezy</a>
3560       </div>
3561       <div class="date">
3562          5th May 2013
3563       </div>
3564       <div class="body">
3565         <p>When I woke up this morning, I was very happy to see that the
3566 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2013/20130504">release announcement
3567 for Debian Wheezy</a> was waiting in my mail box.  This is a great
3568 Debian release, and I expect to move my machines at home over to it fairly
3569 soon.</p>
3570
3571 <p>The new debian release contain heaps of new stuff, and one program
3572 in particular make me very happy to see included.  The
3573 <a href="http://scratch.mit.edu/">Scratch</a> program, made famous by
3574 the <a href="http://www.code.org/">Teach kids code</a> movement, is
3575 included for the first time.  Alongside similar programs like
3576 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/kturtle/">kturtle</a> and
3577 <a href="http://wiki.sugarlabs.org/go/Activities/Turtle_Art">turtleart</a>,
3578 it allow for visual programming where syntax errors can not happen,
3579 and a friendly programming environment for learning to control the
3580 computer.  Scratch will also be included in the next release of Debian
3581 Edu.</a>
3582
3583 <p>And now that Wheezy is wrapped up, we can wrap up the next Debian
3584 Edu/Skolelinux release too.  The
3585 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/2013/04/msg00132.html">first
3586 alpha release</a> went out last week, and the next should soon
3587 follow.<p>
3588
3589       </div>
3590       <div class="tags">
3591
3592
3593         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3594
3595
3596       </div>
3597     </div>
3598     <div class="padding"></div>
3599
3600     <div class="entry">
3601       <div class="title">
3602         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">First alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
3603       </div>
3604       <div class="date">
3605         26th April 2013
3606       </div>
3607       <div class="body">
3608         <p>The Debian Edu / Skolelinux project is still going strong and made
3609 its first Wheezy based release today.  This is the release
3610 announcement:</p>
3611
3612 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu ~7.0.0 alpha0 released
3613 2013-04-26</strong></p>
3614
3615 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux ~7.0.0
3616 edu alpha0, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
3617
3618 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
3619
3620 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
3621 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
3622 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
3623 network. Immediatly after installation a school server running all
3624 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
3625 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
3626 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
3627 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
3628 installed via the network.</p>
3629
3630 <p>This is the first test release based on Wheezy (which currently is
3631 not released yet). Basically this is an updated and slightly improved
3632 version compared to the Squeeze release.</p>
3633
3634 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
3635
3636 <ul>
3637 <li>Everything which is new in Debian Wheezy, eg:
3638   <ul>
3639      <li>Linux kernel 3.2.x</li>
3640      <li>Desktop environments KDE "Plasma" 4.8.4, GNOME 3.4, and LXDE 4
3641          (KDE is installed by default; to choose GNOME or LXDE: see
3642          manual.)</li>
3643      <li>Web browser Iceweasel 10 ESR</li>
3644      <li>LibreOffice 3.5.4</li>
3645      <li>LTSP 5.4.2</li>
3646      <li>GOsa 2.7.4</li>
3647      <li>CUPS print system 1.5.3</li>
3648      <li>Educational toolbox GCompris 12.01</li>
3649      <li>Music creator Rosegarden 12.04</li>
3650      <li>Image editor Gimp 2.8.2</li>
3651      <li>Virtual universe Celestia 1.6.1</li>
3652      <li>Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.11.3</li>
3653      <li>Scratch visual programming environment 1.4.0.6</li>
3654      <li>New version of debian-installer from Debian Wheezy, see
3655          <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/installmanual">installation
3656          manual</a> for more details.</li>
3657      <li>Debian Wheezy includes about 37000 packages available for
3658          installation.</li>
3659      <li>More information about Debian Wheezy 7.0 is provided in the
3660          <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/releasenotes">release notes</a> and the <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/installmanual">installation manual</a>.</li>
3661   </ul></li>
3662 </ul>
3663
3664 <p><strong>Documentation</strong></p>
3665 <ul>
3666 <li>The (<a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy">English</a>) Debian Edu Wheezy Manual is fully translated to
3667     German, French, Italian and Danish. Partly translated versions exist
3668     for Norwegian Bokmal and Spanish.</li>
3669 </ul>
3670
3671 <p><Strong>LDAP related changes</strong></p>
3672 <ul>
3673 <li>Slight changes to some objects and acls to have more types to
3674     choose from when adding systems in GOsa. Now systems can be of type
3675     server, workstation, printer, terminal or netdevice.</li>
3676 </ul>
3677
3678 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
3679 <ul>
3680 <li>LTSP clients start as diskless workstation / thin client can be
3681     configured via command line argument -- or individually adding an
3682     entry in lts.conf or LDAP.<li>
3683 <li>GOsa gui: Now some options that seemed to be available, but are non
3684     functional, are greyed out (or are not clickable). Some tabs are
3685     completely hidden to the end user, others even to the GOsa admin.</li>
3686 </ul>
3687
3688 <p><strong>Regressions</strong></p>
3689 <ul>
3690 <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv) available
3691     yet.</li>
3692 </ul>
3693
3694 <p><strong>No updated artwork</strong></p>
3695
3696 <ul>
3697 <li>Updated artwork which is visible during installation, in the login
3698     screen and as desktop wallpaper is still missing or the same as we
3699     had for our Squeeze based release.</li>
3700 </ul>
3701
3702 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
3703
3704 To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use
3705 <ul>
3706 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</a></li>
3707 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</a></li>
3708 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</li>
3709 </ul>
3710
3711 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: c5e773ddafdaa4f48c409c682f598b6c</p>
3712
3713 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 25934fabb9b7d20235499a0a51f08ce6c54215f2</p>
3714
3715 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
3716
3717 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
3718
3719       </div>
3720       <div class="tags">
3721
3722
3723         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3724
3725
3726       </div>
3727     </div>
3728     <div class="padding"></div>
3729
3730     <div class="entry">
3731       <div class="title">
3732         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_developer_gathering_in_2013_take_place_in_Trondheim.html">First Debian Edu / Skolelinux developer gathering in 2013 take place in Trondheim</a>
3733       </div>
3734       <div class="date">
3735         16th April 2013
3736       </div>
3737       <div class="body">
3738         <p>This years first <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux /
3739 Debian Edu</a> developer gathering take place the coming weekend in Trondheim.
3740 Details about the gathering can be found
3741 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering/2013-04-19-21-Trondheim">on
3742 the FRiSK wiki</a>.  The dates are 19-21th of April 2013, and online
3743 participation for those unable to make it in person is very welcome,
3744 and I plan to participate online myself as I could not leave Oslo this
3745 weekend.</p>
3746
3747 <p>The focus of the gathering is to work on the web pages and project
3748 infrastructure, and to continue the work on the Wheezy based Debian
3749 Edu release.</p>
3750
3751 <p>See you on <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">IRC, #debian-edu on irc.debian.org,</a> then?</p>
3752
3753       </div>
3754       <div class="tags">
3755
3756
3757         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3758
3759
3760       </div>
3761     </div>
3762     <div class="padding"></div>
3763
3764     <div class="entry">
3765       <div class="title">
3766         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_6_got_a_video_review_from_Pcwizz.html">Skolelinux 6 got a video review from Pcwizz</a>
3767       </div>
3768       <div class="date">
3769         17th March 2013
3770       </div>
3771       <div class="body">
3772         <p>Via
3773 <a href="https://twitter.com/pcwizz/status/313044373262716930">twitter</a>
3774 I just discovered that <a href="http://pcwizz.net/">Pcwizz</a> have
3775 done a <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wPzTZ61Pcuc">video
3776 review</a> on Youtube of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux
3777 / Debian Edu</a> version 6.  He installed the standalone profile and
3778 the video show a walk-through of of the menu content, demonstration of
3779 a few programs and his view of our distribution.</p>
3780
3781 <p>There is also some really nice quotes (transcribed by me, might
3782 have heard wrong).  While looking thought the Graphics menu:</p>
3783
3784 <blockquote>
3785 "Basically everything you ever need in a school environment."
3786 </blockquote>
3787
3788 <p>And as a general evaluation of the entire distribution:</p>
3789
3790 <blockquote>
3791 "So, yeah, a bit bloated.  It kept all the Debian stuff in there, just
3792 to keep it nice and GNU.  So, I do not want to go on about it, but
3793 lets give it 7 out of 10.  I am not going to use it.  That is because
3794 I am not deploying a school network.  There may be some mythical
3795 feature to help you deploy Skolelinux on a school network."
3796 </blockquote>
3797
3798 <p>To bad he did not test the server profile, and discovered the PXE
3799 installation option.  It make it possible to install only the main
3800 server from CD, and the rest of the machines via the net, and might be
3801 considered the mythical feature he talk about. :)</p>
3802
3803 <p>While looking through the menus, there is also this funny comment
3804 about the part of the K menu generated from the Debian menu subsystem:
3805
3806 <blockquote>
3807 "[The K menu] have a special Debian section for software that no-one
3808 is going to look at, because it contain lots of junky stuff that you
3809 actually don't need in the education distribution, but have just been
3810 included because it isn't stripped out for some reason."
3811 </blockquote>
3812
3813 <p>I guess it is yet another argument for merging the Debian menu and
3814 Gnome/KDE desktop menu entries into
3815 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/Proposals/DebianMenuUsingDesktopEntries">one
3816 consistent menu system</a> instead of two incomplete and partly
3817 inconsistent menu systems.</p>
3818
3819 <p>The entire video is available below for those accepting iframe
3820 embedding:</p>
3821
3822 <iframe width="560" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/wPzTZ61Pcuc" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
3823
3824       </div>
3825       <div class="tags">
3826
3827
3828         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
3829
3830
3831       </div>
3832     </div>
3833     <div class="padding"></div>
3834
3835     <div class="entry">
3836       <div class="title">
3837         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_Squeeze_update_released.html">First Skolelinux / Debian Edu Squeeze update released</a>
3838       </div>
3839       <div class="date">
3840          8th March 2013
3841       </div>
3842       <div class="body">
3843         <p>Last Sunday, 2013-03-03,, Holger Levsen announced the first update
3844 of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
3845 based on Debian Squeeze.  This is the first update since
3846 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">the
3847 initial release 2012-03-11</a>.  This is the
3848 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2013/03/msg00000.html">release
3849 announcement email from Holger</a>:</p>
3850
3851 <blockquote><p>Hi,</p>
3852
3853 <p>it's my pleasure to announce the immediate availability of Debian
3854 Edu 6.0.7+r1 ("Debian Edu Squeeze").</p>
3855
3856 <p>Debian Edu 6.0.7+r1 is an incremental update to Debian Edu
3857 6.0.4+r0, containing all the changes between Debian 6.0.4 and 6.0.7 as
3858 well Debian Edu specific bugfixes and enhancements. See below (in this
3859 mail) for the full list of (edu) changes.  Please see
3860 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311">http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311</a>
3861 for more information on "Debian Edu Squeeze".</p>
3862
3863 <p>Images are available for download at
3864 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/</a></p>
3865
3866 <p>md5sums:
3867 <br>1fe79eb4f0f9ae1c58fc318e26cc1e2e  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-CD.iso
3868 <br>a6ddd924a8bd9a1b5ca122e8fe1c34ec  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-DVD.iso
3869 <br>ac6c72cd7925ccec51bfbf58e2a7c69c  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-source-DVD.iso</p>
3870
3871 <p>sha1sums:
3872 <br>a4b58233b672a99c7df8dc24fb6de3327654a5c3  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-CD.iso
3873 <br>9b524915e0ff2aa793f13d93123e5bd2bab2dbaa  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-DVD.iso
3874 <br>43997614893fc5e9e59ad6ce066b05d07fd836fa  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-source-DVD.iso</p>
3875
3876 <p>These images are suitable for amd64+i386.</p>
3877
3878 <p>Changes for Debian Edu 6.0.7+r1 Codename "Squeeze", released
3879 2013-03-03:</p>
3880
3881 <ul>
3882   <li>sitesummary was updated from 0.1.3 to 0.1.8
3883   <ul>
3884         <li>Make Nagios configuration more robust and efficient</li>
3885         <li>Comply with 3.X kernel</li>
3886   </ul></li>
3887   <li>debian-edu-doc from 1.4~20120310~6.0.4+r0 to 1.4~20130228~6.0.7+r1
3888   <ul>
3889         <li>Minor updates from the wiki</li>
3890         <li>Danish translation now complete</li>
3891   </ul></li>
3892   <li>debian-edu-config from 1.453 to 1.455
3893      <ul>
3894         <li>Fix /etc/hosts for LTSP diskless workstations. Closes: #699880</li>
3895         <li>Make ltsp_local_mount script work for multiple devices.</li>
3896         <li>Correct Kerberos user policy: don't expire password after 2 days.
3897                 Closes: #664596</li>
3898         <li>Handle '#' characters in the root or first users password.
3899                 Closes: #664976</li>
3900         <li>Fixes for gosa-sync:
3901            <ul>
3902                 <li>Don't fail if password contains "</li>
3903                 <li>Don't disclose new password string in syslog</li>
3904            </ul></li>
3905         <li>Fixes for gosa-create:
3906            <ul>
3907                 <li>Invalidate libnss cache before applying changes</li>
3908                 <li>Multiple failures during mass user import into GOsa²</li>
3909                 <li>gosa-netgroups plugin: don't erase entries of attribute type
3910                          "memberNisNetgroup". Closes: #687256</li>
3911                 <li>First user now uses the same Kerberos policy as all other users</li>
3912            </ul></li>
3913         <li>Add Danish web page</li>
3914     </ul>
3915   <li>debian-edu-install from 1.528 to 1.530
3916     <ul>
3917         <li>Improve preseeding support and documentation</li>
3918     </ul></li>
3919 </ul>
3920
3921 <p>End-user documentation in English is available at
3922 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/</a>
3923 - translations to French, Italian, Danish and German are available in
3924 the debian-edu-doc package. (Other languages could use your help!)</p>
3925
3926 <p>If you want to contribute to Debian Edu, please join our
3927 mailinglist
3928 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@lists.debian.org</a>!
3929 </p></blockquote>
3930
3931 <p>I am very happy to see the fruits of a year of hard work. :)</p>
3932
3933       </div>
3934       <div class="tags">
3935
3936
3937         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3938
3939
3940       </div>
3941     </div>
3942     <div class="padding"></div>
3943
3944     <div class="entry">
3945       <div class="title">
3946         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Helge_Tore_H_yland.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Helge Tore Høyland</a>
3947       </div>
3948       <div class="date">
3949         22nd February 2013
3950       </div>
3951       <div class="body">
3952         <p>Etter en lang pause og travle uker har jeg endelig klart å få
3953 samlet et nytt intervju med en av folkene i
3954 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet.
3955 Denne gang er det Helge Tore Høyland, en mangeårig bidragsyter på
3956 epostlistene og ellers i prosjektet.</p>
3957
3958 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
3959
3960 <p>Eg er IT-konsulent/teknikker hjå eit firma i Steinkjer med navn
3961 <a href="http://unoit.no/">Uno IT</a>.  Uno IT er eit lite firma som
3962 drifter nettverk og maskiner for små og mellomstore firma
3963 Steinkjer-området. Per dags dato er me 2 ansatte. Min faglege bakgrunn
3964 er Fagbrev som it-teknikker, samt nokre fag innen nettverk- og
3965 server-drift frå HiST og NTNU. Dagleg arbeid består i oppsett av nye
3966 maskiner og hjelp til sluttbrukere, samt oppsett og vedlikehold av eit
3967 vidt spekter av fagsystemer ute hjå kunder. Erfaring med Skolelinux
3968 har eg hatt i forbindelse med drifting av
3969 <a href="http://www.bjorkly.no/">Bjørkly skule</a>, ein privat
3970 grunnskule i Namsos-området.  I dag har skulen 65 elever, 15 lærere, 1
3971 hovedserver og ca 60 klienter som kjører halvtjukt.  Eg har bygd og
3972 driftet systemet sidan summaren 2006.</p>
3973
3974 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
3975
3976 <p>Eg kom i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet via ein artikkel i eit
3977 fagblad, som eg ikkje lenger hugsar namnet på.  I og med at eg allereie
3978 hadde pusla med nettverk for ein annan skule, fatta eg straks
3979 interesse for prosjektet.</p>
3980
3981 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
3982
3983 <p>Fordelane med Skolelinux er sentralisert administrasjon og svært
3984 mange gode verktøy «ut av boksen». Veldig kjekt å kunne drifte 60
3985 klientar med berre å «bry» seg med ein server. Levetid for systemets
3986 hardware er og ein veldig fin effekt. I tillegg kjem fordelar som økt
3987 sikkerhet og mindre lisenskostnader. Etter min erfaring er det og
3988 mykje mindre driftskostnader med eit slikt system enn konkurrerande
3989 system, pga enkelhet med sentralisert administrasjon. På grunn av at
3990 Skolelinux er basert på Debian er det òg svært stabilt.</p>
3991
3992 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
3993
3994 <p>Ulemper er mangel på vilje til å følge standarer ute i markedet,
3995 som fører til mangel på støtte til nokre mykje brukte ting. Flash og
3996 Java er typiske eksempel. Sidan Debian satsar på stabilitet framfor å
3997 ha nyeste pakke av eit program, kan ein i nokre tilfeller kome borti
3998 at program vert «for gamle». Det er spesielt nettlesaren som er
3999 utsett. Mangel på vilje til å utvikle pedagogisk programvare, i Noreg,
4000 for «alle» platformer fører òg til noko hovudbry.</p>
4001
4002 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
4003
4004 <p>Til dagleg bruker eg svært mange forskjellige «fri programvare»
4005 program.  Firefox, Thunderbird, Freecommander, ImgBurn, Clonezilla,
4006 OCS inventory, Icinga, Skolelinux, SystemRescueCD og mykje meir.</p>
4007
4008 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
4009 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
4010
4011 <p>Strategisk må ein fokusere på at sluttbruker eigentleg ikkje er så
4012 fokusert på at det er fri programvare men at det skal «berre fungere».
4013 Gjer det enkelt å bruker og ikkje minst å administrere. For Skolelinux
4014 sin del må ein få eit betre fokus på overganger. Utbytting av servere
4015 må gå meir automatisk, import og eksport av brukerbase og maskinbase
4016 med meir må kunne gå enkelt og oppgradering til neste versjon må bli
4017 mykje meir automatisk og gjennomtesta. Ein må unngå at ein må sette
4018 opp frå start når ein byter ut ein server eller oppgraderer til neste
4019 versjon. For å få Skolelinux til å bli eit betre alternativ for skular
4020 må ein ha fokus på nettlesaren. Denne må bli «up to date» og støtte
4021 dei protokollar og tillegg som vert brukt av forlag med meir.  Etter
4022 kvart som meir og meir blir flytta ut i «skya» vert dette viktigare og
4023 viktigare. Ein kunne ynskje og jobbe for at forlag med fleire tar i
4024 bruk opne standarer, men inntil det skjer, må systemet kunne brukast
4025 mot desse fagsystema.</p>
4026
4027 <p>For meg har prosjektet med Skolelinux vore ein svært artig og
4028 lærerik prosess. Miljøet rundt er ikkje enormt stort, dog stort nok,
4029 men det er svært hjelpevillig og engasjert.</p>
4030
4031       </div>
4032       <div class="tags">
4033
4034
4035         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4036
4037
4038       </div>
4039     </div>
4040     <div class="padding"></div>
4041
4042     <div class="entry">
4043       <div class="title">
4044         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_Christmas_present_for_Skolelinux___Debian_Edu.html">A Christmas present for Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
4045       </div>
4046       <div class="date">
4047         28th December 2012
4048       </div>
4049       <div class="body">
4050         <p>I was happy to discover a few days ago that the
4051 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
4052 project also this year received a Christmas present from Another
4053 Agency in Trondheim.  NOK 1000,- showed up on our donation account
4054 December 24th.  I want to express our thanks for this very welcome
4055 present.  As the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project is very short on
4056 funding these days, and thus lack the money to do regular developer
4057 gatherings, this donation was most welcome.  One developer gathering
4058 cost around NOK 15&nbsp;000,-, so we need quite a lot more to keep the
4059 development pace we want.  Thus, I hope their example this year is
4060 followed by many others. :)</p>
4061
4062 <p>The public list of donors can be found on
4063 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/donations.html">the
4064 donation page</a> for the project, which also contain instructions if
4065 you want to donate to the project.</p>
4066
4067       </div>
4068       <div class="tags">
4069
4070
4071         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4072
4073
4074       </div>
4075     </div>
4076     <div class="padding"></div>
4077
4078     <div class="entry">
4079       <div class="title">
4080         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ledger___double_entry_accounting_using_text_based_storage_format.html">Ledger - double-entry accounting using text based storage format</a>
4081       </div>
4082       <div class="date">
4083         18th December 2012
4084       </div>
4085       <div class="body">
4086         <p>A few days ago I came across
4087 <a href="http://joeyh.name/blog/entry/hledger/">a blog post from Joey
4088 Hess</a> describing <a href="http://ledger-cli.org/">ledger</a> and
4089 hledger, a text based system for double-entry accounting.  I found it
4090 interesting, as I am involved with several organizations where
4091 accounting is an issue, and I have not really become too friendly with
4092 the different web based systems we use.  I find it hard to find what I
4093 look for in the menus and even harder try to get sensible data out of
4094 the systems.  Ledger seem different.  The accounting data is kept in
4095 text files that can be stored in a version control system, and there
4096
4097 are at least <a href="https://github.com/ledger/ledger/wiki/Ports">five
4098 different implementations</a> able to read the format.  An example
4099 entry look like this, and is simple enough that it will be trivial to
4100 generate entries based on CVS files fetched from the bank:</p>
4101
4102 <blockquote><pre>
4103 2004-05-27 Book Store
4104       Expenses:Books                 $20.00
4105       Liabilities:Visa
4106 </pre></blockquote>
4107
4108 <p>The concept seemed interesting enough for me to check it out and
4109 look for others using it.  I found blog posts from
4110 <a href="http://blog.spang.cc/posts/hledger_rocks_my_world/">Christine
4111 Spang</a>,
4112 <a href="http://bugsplat.info/2010-05-23-keeping-finances-with-ledger.html">Pete
4113 Keen</a>,
4114 <a href="http://blog.andrewcantino.com/blog/2010/11/06/command-line-accounting-with-ledger-and-reckon/">Andrew
4115 Cantino</a> and
4116 <a href="http://blog.iphoting.com/blog/2012/11/29/command-line-double-entry-accounting/">Ronald
4117 Ip</a> describing how they use it, as well as a post from
4118 <a href="https://groups.google.com/forum/?fromgroups=#!topic/ledger-cli/r0oWjwbQ9Bo">Bradley
4119 M. Kuhn</a> at the Software Freedom Conservancy.  All seemed like good
4120 recommendations fitting my need.</p>
4121
4122 <p>The <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/l/ledger.html">ledger</a>
4123 package is available in Debian Squeeze, while the
4124 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/h/haskell-hledger.html">hledger</a>
4125 package only is available in Debian Sid.  As I use Squeeze, ledger
4126 seemed the best choice to get started.</p>
4127
4128 <p>To get some real data to test on, I wrote a
4129 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/tools/lodo2ledger">web scraper</a> for
4130 <a href="http://www.lodo.no/">LODO</a>, the accounting system used by
4131 the <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">NUUG</a> association, and started to
4132 play with the data set.  I'm not really deeply into accounting, but I
4133 am able to get a simple balance and accounting status for example
4134 using the "<tt>ledger balance</tt>" command.  But I will have to
4135 gather more experience before I know if the ledger way is a good fit
4136 for the organisations I am involved in.</p>
4137
4138       </div>
4139       <div class="tags">
4140
4141
4142         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
4143
4144
4145       </div>
4146     </div>
4147     <div class="padding"></div>
4148
4149     <div class="entry">
4150       <div class="title">
4151         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Angela_Fu_.html">Debian Edu interview: Angela Fuß</a>
4152       </div>
4153       <div class="date">
4154         14th November 2012
4155       </div>
4156       <div class="body">
4157         <p>Here is another interview with one of the people in the <a
4158 href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
4159 community.  I am running short on people willing to be interviewed, so
4160 if you know about someone I should interview, Please send me an email.
4161 After asking for many months, I finally managed to lure another one of
4162 the people behind the German
4163 "<a href="http://wiki.it-zukunft-schule.de/">IT-Zukunft Schule</a>"
4164 project out from maternity leave to conduct an interview.  Give a warm
4165 welcome to Angela Fuß. :)</p>
4166
4167 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4168
4169 <p>I am a 39-year-old woman living in the very north of Germany near
4170 Denmark. I live in a patchwork family with "my man" Mike Gabriel, my
4171 two daughters, Mikes daughter and Mikes and my rather newborn son.
4172
4173 <p>At the moment - because of our little baby - I am spending most of
4174 the day by being a caring and organising mom for all the kids.
4175 Besides that I am really involved into and occupied with several inner
4176 growth processes: New born souls always bring the whole familiar
4177 system into movement and that needs time and focus ;-).  We are also
4178 in the middle of buying a house and moving to it.</p>
4179
4180 <p>In 2013 I will work again in my job in a German foundation for
4181 nature conservation. I am doing public relation work there.  Besides
4182 that - and that is the connection to Skolelinux / Debian Edu - I am
4183 working in our own school project "IT-Zukunft Schule" in North
4184 Germany. I am responsible for the quality assurance, the customer
4185 relationship management and the communication processes in the
4186 project.</p>
4187
4188 <p>Since 2001 I constantly have been training myself in communication
4189 and leadership. Besides that I am a forester, a landscaping gardener
4190 and a yoga teacher.</p>
4191
4192 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
4193 project?</strong></p>
4194
4195 <p>I fell in love with Mike ;-).</p>
4196
4197 <p>Very soon after getting to know him I was completely enrolled into
4198 Free Software.  At this time Mike did IT-services for one newly
4199 founded school in Kiel. Other schools in Kiel needed concepts for
4200 their IT environment.  Often when Mike came home from working at the
4201 newly founded school I found myself listening to his complaints about
4202 several points where the communication with the schools head or the
4203 teachers did not work.  So we were clear that he would not work for
4204 one more school if we did not set up a structure for communication
4205 between him, the schools head, the teachers, the students and the
4206 parents.</p>
4207
4208 <p>Together with our friend and hardware supplier Andreas Buchholz we
4209 started to get an overview of free software solutions suitable for
4210 schools. One day before Christmas 2010 Mike and I had a date with Kurt
4211 Gramlich in Gütersloh. As Kurt and I are really interested in building
4212 networks of people and in being in communication we dived into
4213 Skolelinux and brought it to the first grammar schools in Northern
4214 Germany.</p>
4215
4216 <p>For information about our school project you can read
4217 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Mike_Gabriel.html">the
4218 interview with Mike Gabriel</a>.</p>
4219
4220 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
4221 Edu?</strong></p>
4222
4223 <p>First I have to say: I cannot answer this question technically. My
4224 answer comes rather from a social point of view.</p>
4225
4226 <p>The biggest advantage of Skolelinux / Debian Edu I see is the large
4227 and strong international community of Debian Developers in the
4228 background which is very alive and connected over mailinglists, blogs
4229 and meetings. My constant feeling for the Debian Community is: If
4230 something does not work they will somehow fix it. All is well
4231 ;-). This is of course a user experience.  What I also get as a big
4232 advantage of Skolelinux / Debian Edu is that everybody who uses it and
4233 works with it can also contribute to it - that includes students,
4234 teachers, parents...</p>
4235
4236 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
4237 Edu?</strong></p>
4238
4239 <p>I will answer this question relating to the internal structure of
4240 Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
4241
4242 <p>What I see as a major disadvantage is that there is a gap between
4243 the group of developers for Debian Edu and the people who make the
4244 marketing, that means the people that bring Skolelinux to the
4245 schools. There is a lack of communication between these two groups and
4246 I think that does not really work for Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
4247
4248 <p>Further I appreciate that Skolelinux / Debian Edu is known as a
4249 do-ocracy. Nevertheless I keep asking myself if at some points a
4250 democracy or some kind of hierarchical project structure would be good
4251 and helpful.  I am also missing some kind of contact between the
4252 Skolelinux / Debian Edu communities in Europe or on an international
4253 level. I think it would be good if there was more sharing between the
4254 different countries using Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
4255
4256 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4257
4258 <p>On my laptop I am still using an Ubuntu 10.04 with a Gnome Desktop
4259 on.  As applications I use Openoffice.org, Gedit, Firefox, Pidgin,
4260 LaTeX and GnuCash. For mails I am using Horde. And I am really fond of
4261 my N900 running with Maemo.</p>
4262
4263 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4264 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4265
4266 <p>I am really convinced that in our school project "IT-Zukunft
4267 Schule" we have developed (and keep developing) a great way to get
4268 schools to use Free Software. We have written a detailed concept for
4269 that so I cannot explain the whole thing here. But in a nutshell the
4270 strategy has three crucial pillars:</p>
4271
4272 <ul>
4273
4274 <li>We really take time to get what sort of stories, questions and
4275 concerns the schools head and the teachers have about using different
4276 kinds of IT and we take time to enrol them into Free Software.</li>
4277
4278 <li>Our solution for schools is never just technical. In the centre
4279 are always the people who are going to use the software. From the very
4280 beginning of the planning for a school, we tell the schools head that
4281 they are paying us not only for a technical solution for their school,
4282 they also pay us for leading all the communication processes
4283 needed. If they do not want that, we are not working with them because
4284 we cannot give a guarantee for the quality of our work then.</li>
4285
4286 <li>Another focus lies in the training of teachers and students in
4287 co-administrating the IT-System at their school. They start getting in
4288 contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu community and they get the
4289 offer to become more and more independent from us.</li>
4290
4291 </ul>
4292
4293       </div>
4294       <div class="tags">
4295
4296
4297         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4298
4299
4300       </div>
4301     </div>
4302     <div class="padding"></div>
4303
4304     <div class="entry">
4305       <div class="title">
4306         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_noe_for_Ballangen___Leserinnlegg_til_avisen_Fremover_.html">Skolelinux noe for Ballangen? (Leserinnlegg til avisen Fremover)</a>
4307       </div>
4308       <div class="date">
4309         14th October 2012
4310       </div>
4311       <div class="body">
4312         <p>Tirsdag 2012-10-09 sendte jeg følgende leserinnlegg til avisen
4313 <a href="http://www.fremover.no/">Fremover</a>, etter å ha vært nordpå
4314 noen dager og lest noen gamle aviser.  Publiserer den her i sin helhet
4315 for fremtidig referanse.  Fremover publiserer dessverre ikke
4316 leserinnlegg på nett.</p>
4317
4318 <blockquote>
4319 <p>To: redaksjon (at) fremover.no
4320 <br>Subject: Leserinnlegg til Fremover: Skolelinux noe for Ballangen?</p>
4321
4322 <p>Ærede redaktør</p>
4323
4324 <p>I sommer (2012-07-23) hadde Fremover et oppslag om at Narvik
4325 kommune hadde spart mellom 10 og 20 millioner kroner de siste årene på
4326 å bruke Skolelinux på sine skoler.  Harstad har også tatt i bruk
4327 Skolelinux på alle sine skoler.  Som tidligere Ballangsværing gledet
4328 det meg stort å se at skoleløsningen vi har utviklet siden 2001 tas i
4329 bruk i området der jeg vokste opp, og dermed bidrar til en bedre og
4330 billigere skolehverdag.</p>
4331
4332 <p>Skolelinux er en komplett IT-løsning for elevnettverket på en
4333 skole, med både nettverkstjenester og løsning for elevmaskiner med
4334 pedagogisk programvare, som tillater en å øke levetiden på en
4335 datamaskin i skolen med mange år.  En undersøkelse publisert i mars
4336 2012 viste at de 56 norske skolene som har offentliggjort at de bruker
4337 Skolelinux eller annen Linuxutgave hadde 36% større PC-tetthet enn
4338 landsgjennomsnittet, når en ser på tall rapportert til Grunnskolens
4339 Informasjonssystem.  I følge Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken, IKT-konsulent i
4340 Nord-Odal, fungerer datamaskiner godt til de er 8 til 10 år gamle.</p>
4341
4342 <p>I høst (2012-09-29) fortalte Fremover hvordan Ballangen kommune har
4343 opparbeidet seg 20 millioner i underskudd og nok havner på Robek-lista
4344 fra nyttår.  Kanskje Ballangen også burde ta i bruk Skolelinux for å
4345 spare penger?  Hvis kommunen mangler kompetanse lokalt på Linux finnes
4346 det kommersielle selskaper som tilbyr driftstjenester rundt
4347 Skolelinux, og jeg bør vel avsløre at jeg selv er involvert i et av
4348 dem, Skolelinux Drift AS.  Kommunen kan dermed få hjelp hvis de ikke
4349 ønsker å bygge opp egen kompetanse.</p>
4350
4351 <p>Vennlig hilsen
4352 <br>Petter Reinholdtsen
4353 <br>Fri programvareutvikler</p>
4354
4355 <p>Referanser:</p>
4356
4357 <ul>
4358
4359 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html</a></li>
4360 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html</a></li>
4361
4362 </ul>
4363
4364 </blockquote>
4365
4366 <p>Innlegget ble så vidt jeg vet trykket i papirutgaven et par dager
4367 senere, men jeg har ikke sett det selv.</p>
4368
4369       </div>
4370       <div class="tags">
4371
4372
4373         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4374
4375
4376       </div>
4377     </div>
4378     <div class="padding"></div>
4379
4380     <div class="entry">
4381       <div class="title">
4382         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Trengs_flere_frivillige_til_korrektur_av_den_frie_norske_stavekontrollen.html">Trengs flere frivillige til korrektur av den frie norske stavekontrollen</a>
4383       </div>
4384       <div class="date">
4385         13th October 2012
4386       </div>
4387       <div class="body">
4388         <p><a href="http://no.speling.org/">Den frie norske stavekontrollen</a>
4389 består av ca. 1,3 millioner bokmåls- og nynorskord.  Det er mange
4390 kilder til ordene, f.eks. den norske ordbanken, norske nett-aviser,
4391 stavekontrollbrukere og korrekturlesere, og endel feil har sneket seg
4392 inn i databasen over ord.  For å finne og fikse feilene trengs det
4393 korrekturlesing.  Her kommer frivillige inn.</p>
4394
4395 <p>Hvis du vil bidra med korrektur av orddatabasen, kan du melde deg
4396 frivillig som bokmåls- eller nynorskkorrekturleser og få tilsendt en
4397 liten bunke ord på epost hver dag, lese over og sende inn på epost
4398 tilbake til korrekturlesing-systemet.  Jo flere som sjekker, jo
4399 raskere kommer vi igjennom hele databasen.  Så langt har vi oppdaget
4400 341 bokmålsord og 50 nynorskord som ikke skal vært med i databasen.
4401 Det er nok noen flere.  I tillegg har korrekturleserne oppdaget flere
4402 ord som manglet, og fått lagt dem inn i stavekontrollen.</p>
4403
4404 <p>Hvis du vil bidra, følg instruksene på
4405 <a href="http://no.speling.org/dokumentasjon.html">prosjektsidene</a>
4406
4407 for nye bidragsytere, og ta kontakt med Håvard eller epostlisten
4408 <a href="https://lister.ping.uio.no/mailman/listinfo/i18n-no">i18n-no</a>.
4409 Gode norskkunnskaper er en fordel, og vilje til å sjekke
4410 <a href="http://www.nob-ordbok.uio.no/perl/ordbok.cgi">ordboka</a> et
4411 krav!</p>
4412
4413       </div>
4414       <div class="tags">
4415
4416
4417         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
4418
4419
4420       </div>
4421     </div>
4422     <div class="padding"></div>
4423
4424     <div class="entry">
4425       <div class="title">
4426         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ny_utgave__v2_1__av_den_frie_norske_stavekontrollen_gitt_ut.html">Ny utgave (v2.1) av den frie norske stavekontrollen gitt ut</a>
4427       </div>
4428       <div class="date">
4429          2nd October 2012
4430       </div>
4431       <div class="body">
4432         <p>I helga fikk jeg endelig pakket sammen en ny versjon av den norske
4433 stavekontrollen, og gikk ut versjon 2.1 etter at det var gått fire og
4434 et halvt år siden sist.  I dag fikk vi sendt ut annonseringen.  Her er
4435 det vi sendte ut:</p>
4436
4437 <p>Oslo, 2012-10-02</p>
4438
4439 <p><strong>Pressemelding: Ny utgave av norsk stavekontroll med
4440 synonymordliste</strong></p>
4441
4442 <p>Mer enn fire år etter at forrige utgave av den frie norske
4443 stavekontrollen ble utgitt, er en ny og forbedret versjon klar. Dette er
4444 noe utviklerne er veldig glade for.</p>
4445
4446 <p>Den største endringen er at byggesystemet for stavekontrollen er
4447 skrevet om til å akseptere ord med bindestrek (f.eks. «e-post»). Litt
4448 over 10.000 slike ordformer er lagt til i orddatabasen. I tillegg er
4449 det kommet en del nye ord og rettelser rapportert inn av de frivillige
4450 som gjennomfører korrektur av orddatabasen i prosjektet. For å få
4451 fortgang i dette korrekturarbeidet er det fint med flere frivillige
4452 som kan bidra i prosjektet.</p>
4453
4454 <p><blockquote>
4455  - En god og fritt tilgjengelig stavekontroll er en viktig byggestein
4456    for å fremme bruken av korrekt norsk språk, sier prosjektdeltager
4457    Petter Reinholdtsen.
4458 </blockquote></p>
4459
4460 <p>Takket være samarbeidet med synonymordlisteprosjektet er
4461 synonymordlista for bokmål tilgjengelig sammen med ordlista for bokmål
4462 og nynorsk. En synonymordliste for nynorsk er også med, men den er på
4463 prøvestadiet og meget liten.</p>
4464
4465 <p>Stavekontrollpakken og synonymordlistene brukes i
4466 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org, Koffice, Mozilla Thunderbird, Firefox og
4467 en rekke andre programmer, og på både Windows, Mac OS X, Linux og
4468 BSD.</p>
4469
4470 <p>Det hele utgis under den frie lisensen GPL og kan fritt lastes ned
4471 fra prosjektsidene på
4472 <a href="http://no.speling.org">no.speling.org</a>. Ferdige pakker for
4473 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org er også tilgjengelige fra samme sted.</p>
4474
4475 <p>Det norske stavekontrollprosjektet er i kontakt med lignende
4476 prosjekter for blant annet å forbedre stavekontrollteknologien, å
4477 utveksle verktøy for vedlikehold av orddatabasen og å få tilgang til
4478 relevante datasett. Et av disse prosjektene er et separat prosjekt ved
4479 Sametinget som er i gang med å utvikle samisk stavekontroll for blant
4480 annet Microsoft Word og OpenOffice.org.</p>
4481
4482 <p>Et søsterprosjekt for å lage grammatikk-kontroll for
4483 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org er igangsatt, men har ennå ikke kommet
4484 langt nok til å brukes. Frivillige til å bidra i dette prosjektet er
4485 også svært velkomne.</p>
4486
4487 <p><strong>Kontaktperson</strong></p>
4488
4489 <p><blockquote>
4490 Axel Bojer, prosjektdeltager
4491 <br>E-post: fri_programvare (at) bojer.no
4492 <br>Tlf: +47 954 32 417
4493 </blockquote></p>
4494
4495 <p><strong>Referanser</strong></p>
4496
4497 <ul>
4498
4499 <li>Det frie norske stavekontrollprosjektet for bokmål og nynorsk:
4500     <a href="http://no.speling.org">http://no.speling.org</a></li>
4501 <li>Samiske korrekturverktøy:
4502     <a href="http://divvun.no/">http://divvun.no/</a></li>
4503 <li>Ordlistene fra Norsk ordbank:
4504     <a href="http://www.edd.uio.no/prosjekt/ordbanken/">http://www.edd.uio.no/prosjekt/ordbanken/</a></li>
4505 <li>Last ned ordlistene:
4506     <a href="http://alioth.debian.org/frs/?group_id=30577">http://alioth.debian.org/frs/?group_id=30577</a>
4507     (PS: no_NO-pack2 for OOo 2.x))</li>
4508 </ul>
4509
4510 <p><strong>Fra NEWS-fila i kildekodepakken</strong></p>
4511
4512 <p>Release 2.1 (2012-09-30)</p>
4513
4514 <ul>
4515
4516 <li>Switch to new version scheme. Make new version 2.1, not 2.0.11. We do not
4517     release often enough to justify three digits.</li>
4518 <li>Switch build rules to build OOo v2 thesaurus files, as the v1 build rules
4519     no longer work. This require the libmythes-dev package on Debian.</li>
4520 <li>Introduce new Makefile variables hyphendir and thesdir to make it easier to
4521     control where to install these.</li>
4522 <li>Change script used to import from no.speling.org, to load new word
4523     boundaries if at least two people believed the boundaries was correct.</li>
4524 <li>Added word boundaries for several words (around 500 words) using the
4525     updated script.</li>
4526 <li>Imported thesarus for bokmål from synonymer.merg.net.</li>
4527 <li>Rewrote build rules to use = instead of - as combined word marker, thus
4528     allowing words like e-post.</li>
4529 <li>Imported a lot (around 10k words) of new words with dash (-) in them from
4530     no.speling.org now that it is handled by the build system.</li>
4531 </ul>
4532
4533       </div>
4534       <div class="tags">
4535
4536
4537         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
4538
4539
4540       </div>
4541     </div>
4542     <div class="padding"></div>
4543
4544     <div class="entry">
4545       <div class="title">
4546         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Giorgio_Pioda.html">Debian Edu interview: Giorgio Pioda</a>
4547       </div>
4548       <div class="date">
4549         17th September 2012
4550       </div>
4551       <div class="body">
4552         <p>After a long break in my row of interviews with people in the
4553 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
4554 community, I finally found time to wrap up another.  This time it is
4555 Giorgio Pioda, which showed up on the mailing list at the start of
4556 this year, asking questions and inspiring us to improve the first time
4557 administrators experience with Skolelinux. :) The interview was
4558 conduced in May, but I only found time to publish it now.</p>
4559
4560 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4561
4562 <p>I have a PhD in chemistry but since several years I work as teacher
4563 in secondary (15-18 year old students) and tertiary (a kind of "light"
4564 university) schools. Five years ago I started to manage a Learning
4565 Management Service server and slowly I got more and more involved with
4566 IT. 3 years ago the graduating schools moved completely to Linux and I
4567 got the head of the IT for this. The experience collected in chemistry
4568 labs computers (for example NMR analysis of protein folding) and in
4569 the IT-courses during university where sufficient to start. Self
4570 training is anyway very important</p>
4571
4572 <p>I live in the Italian speaking part of Switzerland, and the
4573 <a href="http://www.spse.ch/">SPSE school</a> (secondary) is a very
4574 special sport school for young people who try to became sport pro (for
4575 all sports, we have dozens of disciplines represented) and we are
4576 recognised by the Olympic Swiss Organisation.
4577
4578 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
4579 project?</strong></p>
4580
4581 <p>Looking for Linux / Primary Domain Controller (PDC) I found it
4582 already several years ago. But since the system was still not
4583 Kerberized and since our schools relies strongly on laptops I didn't
4584 use it. I plan to introduce it in the next future, probably for the
4585 next school year, since the squeeze release solved this security
4586 hole.</p>
4587
4588 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4589 Edu?</strong></p>
4590
4591 <p>Many. First of all there is a strong and living community that is
4592 very generous for help and hints.  Chat help is crucial, together with
4593 the mailing list.  Second. With Skolelinux you get an already well
4594 engineered platform and you don't have to start to build up your PDC
4595 and your clients from GNU/scratch; I've already done this once and I
4596 can tell it, it is hard. Third, since Skolelinux is a standard
4597 platform, it is way easier to educate other IT people and even if the
4598 head IT is sick another one could pick up the task without too much
4599 hassle.</p>
4600
4601 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4602 Edu?</strong></p>
4603
4604 <p>The only real problem I see is that it is a little too less
4605 flexible at client level. Debian stable is rocky and desirable, but
4606 there are many reasons that force for another choice. For example the
4607 need of new drivers for new PC, or the need for a specific OS for some
4608 devices that have specific software packages for another specific
4609 distribution (I have such a case for whiteboards that have only
4610 Ubuntu packages). Thus, I prepared compatibility packages educlient
4611 and eduroaming, hoping not to use them ;-)</p>
4612
4613 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4614
4615 <p>I have a Debian Stable PDC at school (Kerberos, NIS, NFS) with
4616 mixed Debian and Ubuntu clients. If you think that this triad
4617 combination is exotic... well I discovered right yesterday that
4618 <a href="http://moo.nac.uci.edu/~hjm/Perceus-Report.html">Perceus</a>
4619 has the same...</p>
4620
4621 <p>For myself I run Debian wheezy/sid, but this combination is good
4622 only I you have enough competence to fix stuff for yourself, if
4623 something breaks.  Daily I use texmacs, gnumeric, a little bit of R
4624 statistics, kmplot, and less frequently OpenOffice.org.</p>
4625
4626 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4627 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4628
4629 <P>I think that the only real argument that school managers "hear" is
4630 cost reduction. They don't give too much weight on quality, stability,
4631 just because they are normally not open to change.</p>
4632
4633 <p>Students adapts very quickly to GNU/Linux (and for them being able
4634 to switch between different OS is a plus value); teachers and managers
4635 don't.</p>
4636
4637 <p>We decided to move to Linux because students at our school have own
4638 laptop and we have the responsibility to keep the laptop ready to use;
4639 we were really unsatisfied with Microsoft since every Monday we had 20
4640 machine to fix for viral infections... With Linux this has been
4641 reduced to zero, since people installs almost only from official
4642 repositories. I think that our special needs brought us to Linux.
4643 Those who don't have such needs will hardly move to Linux.</p>
4644
4645       </div>
4646       <div class="tags">
4647
4648
4649         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4650
4651
4652       </div>
4653     </div>
4654     <div class="padding"></div>
4655
4656     <div class="entry">
4657       <div class="title">
4658         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">Gladoppslag om Skolelinux i avisen Fremover</a>
4659       </div>
4660       <div class="date">
4661         15th August 2012
4662       </div>
4663       <div class="body">
4664         <p>I sommer hadde avisen <a href="http://www.fremover.no/">Fremover</a>
4665 et flott oppslag om bruken av
4666 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> på alle skolene
4667 der.  Artikkelen var på trykk på side 4 og 5 i papirutgaven
4668 2012-07-23, men mangler dessverre i nettutgaven av avisen.  Mine
4669 henvendelser til avisen for å få artikkelen på nett har så langt ikke
4670 vært vellykket.</p>
4671
4672 <p>Artikkelen med tittelen "Narvik kommune bruker gratisprogram i
4673 skolen - Har spart millioner", forteller om hvordan bruken av
4674 Skolelinux er en stor suksess i Narvik siden det ble tatt i bruk i
4675 2004.  Her er noen fine sitater:</p>
4676
4677 <blockquote>
4678 "- Skolelinux har spart kommunen for store pengesummer, millionbeløp,
4679   som de heller kan bruke på andre ting, sier IKT-konsulent Viggo
4680   Fedreheim."
4681 </blockquote>
4682
4683 <p>Avisen forteller at de har fått tilgang til beregninger som viser
4684 at Narvik kommune har spart noe mellom 10 og 20 millioner kroner de
4685 siste 8 årene på å bruke Skolelinux, og fortsetter:</p>
4686
4687 <blockquote>
4688
4689 "Regnestykket tar høyde for sparte kostnader til lisenser som medfølger
4690 de alternative operativsystemene, lavere driftskostnader og lengre
4691 levetid på datautstyret.  Totalt har Narvikskolen en maskinpark på
4692 1600 maskiner fordelt på de 11 skolene fra Skjomen i sør til Bjerkvik
4693 i nord."
4694
4695 </blockquote>
4696
4697 <p>Viggo Fedreheim sier dette om hvor noe av gevinsten kommer fra:</p>
4698
4699 <blockquote>
4700 "- Vi kan gjenbruke gamle maskiner i skolen som er for dårlig andre
4701   steder i kommunen der de ikke bruker Skolelinux.  Levetiden på en
4702   datamaskin blir 3-5 år lenger med Skolelinux.  Vi kaller det for
4703   grønn IT, miljøvennlig IT."
4704 </blockquote>
4705
4706 <p>Her er det mulighet for flere kommuner å få et godt IT-system på
4707 skolene, hvis de er villige til å forsøke.  De som ikke har kompetanse
4708 innomhus kan kjøpe det fra en av de kommersielle leverandørene av
4709 Skolelinux-tjenester, som <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux
4710 Drift AS</a> (der jeg er styremedlem).  Komplett liste er tilgjengelig
4711 via
4712 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Help/ProfessionalHelp">wikien</a>.</p>
4713
4714 <p>Update 2012-08-16: Today I was allowed by Fremover to put the PDF I
4715 received from them with a copy of the article on the Internet.  It is
4716 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/2012-07-23-fremover-narvik.pdf">now
4717 available</a> in the Skolelinux press archive.</p>
4718
4719       </div>
4720       <div class="tags">
4721
4722
4723         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4724
4725
4726       </div>
4727     </div>
4728     <div class="padding"></div>
4729
4730     <div class="entry">
4731       <div class="title">
4732         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Tips_for___bli_med_i_Skolelinux_prosjektet__som_faktisk_er_aktivt_.html">Tips for å bli med i Skolelinux-prosjektet (som faktisk er aktivt)</a>
4733       </div>
4734       <div class="date">
4735         19th July 2012
4736       </div>
4737       <div class="body">
4738         <p>Jeg fikk nettopp spørsmål på epost om Skolelinux-prosjektet lever
4739 fra en som var interessert i å bidra, og måtte jo konstatere at i og
4740 med at spørsmålet ble stilt har prosjektet ikke lyktes med å formidle
4741 sin aktivitet.  Her er det jeg svarte:</p>
4742
4743 <p><blockquote>
4744 <p>Jada, <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektet</a>
4745 lever, men det meste av utvikling foregår nå under paraplyen
4746 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/">Debian Edu</a> som er det
4747 internasjonale navnet på prosjektet.  Dugnaden i Norge organiseres av
4748 medlemsforeningen
4749 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
4750 Skolen</a>, og det finnes minst ett selskap som selger kommersiell
4751 support på løsningen (<a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux
4752 Drift AS</a>, der jeg er styremedlem).  Anbefaler at du melder deg på
4753 epostlisten
4754 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@lists.debian.org</a>
4755 (og debian-edu-announce) og
4756 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">melder deg inn i
4757 foreningen</a> for å få beskjed om aktivitet som planlegges.  Det
4758 planlegges
4759 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering">utviklersamlinger
4760 i august</a> og utover høsten.</p>
4761
4762 <p>Bidra gjerne med å spre ordet om Skolelinux.  Det er alt for få som
4763 bidrar til pressedekning, bloggposter, twittermeldinger, etc. :)</p>
4764
4765 <p>Jeg antar du har funnet
4766 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju/">bloggserien
4767 min med intervjuer</a>.  Det er antagelig også interessant for deg å
4768 følge med på <a href="http://planet.skolelinux.org/">Planet
4769 Skolelinux</a>.</p>
4770
4771 <p>Hm, jeg burde vel blogge alle disse lenkene slik at de blir enklere
4772 å finne...</p>
4773 </blockquote></p>
4774 <p>Herved gjort. :)</p>
4775
4776       </div>
4777       <div class="tags">
4778
4779
4780         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4781
4782
4783       </div>
4784     </div>
4785     <div class="padding"></div>
4786
4787     <div class="entry">
4788       <div class="title">
4789         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__George_Bredberg.html">Debian Edu interview: George Bredberg</a>
4790       </div>
4791       <div class="date">
4792          9th July 2012
4793       </div>
4794       <div class="body">
4795         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
4796 Skolelinux</a> project have users all over the globe, but until
4797 recently we have not known about any users in Norway's neighbour
4798 country Sweden.  This changed when George Bredberg showed up in March
4799 this year on the mailing list, asking interesting questions about how
4800 to adjust and scale the just released
4801 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
4802 Wheezy</a> setup to his liking.  He granted me an interview, and I am
4803 happy to share his answers with you here.</p>
4804
4805 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4806
4807 <p>I'm a 44 year old country guy that have been working 12 years at
4808 the same school as 50% IT-manager and 50% Teacher. My educational
4809 background is fil.kand in history and religious beliefs, an exam as a
4810 "folkhighschool" teacher, that is, for teaching grownups.  In
4811 Norwegian I believe it's called "Vuxenupplaring". I also have a master
4812 in "Technology and social change". So I'm not really a tech guy, I
4813 just like to study how humans and technology interact and that is my
4814 perspective when working with IT.</p>
4815
4816 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
4817 project?</strong></p>
4818
4819 I have followed the Skolelinux project for quite some time by
4820 now. Earlier I tested out the K12-LTSP project, which we used for some
4821 time, but I really like the idea of having a distribution aimed to be
4822 a complete solution for schools with necessary tools integrated. When
4823 K12-LTSP abandoned that idea some years ago, I started to look more
4824 seriously into Skolelinux instead.
4825
4826 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4827 Edu?</strong></p>
4828
4829 The big point of Skolelinux to me is that it is a complete
4830 distribution, ready to install. It has LDAP-support, MS Windows
4831 integration tools and so forth already configured, saving an
4832 administrator a lot of time and headache. We were using another Linux
4833 based thin-client system called Thinlinc, that has served us very
4834 well. But that Skolelinux is based on VNC and LTSP, to me, is better
4835 when it comes to the kind of multimedia used in schools. That is
4836 showing videos from Youtube or educational TV. It is also easier to
4837 mix thin clients with workstations, since the user settings will be the
4838 same. In our VNC-based solution you had to "beat around the bush" by
4839 setting up a second, hidden, home-directory for user settings for the
4840 workstations, because they will be different from the ones used on the
4841 thin clients. Skolelinux support for diskless workstations are very
4842 convenient since a school today often need to use a class room
4843 projector showing videos in full screen. That is easily done with a
4844 small integrated media computer running as a diskless workstation. You
4845 have only two installs to update and configure. One for the thin
4846 clients and one for the workstations. Also saving a lot of time.  Our
4847 old system was also based on Redhat and CentOS. They are both very
4848 nice distributions, but they are sometimes painfully slow when it
4849 comes to updating multimedia support and multimedia programs (even
4850 such as Gimp), leaving us with a bit "oldish" applications. Debian is
4851 quicker to update.
4852
4853 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4854 Edu?</strong></p>
4855
4856 <p>Debian is a bit too quick when it comes to updating. As an example
4857 we use old HP terminals as thinclients, and two times already this
4858 year (2012) the updates you get from the repositories has stopped
4859 sound from working with them.  It's a kernel/ALSA issue. So you have
4860 to be more careful properly testing the updates before you run them in
4861 a production environment. This has never happened with CentOS.</p>
4862
4863 <p>I also would like to be able to set my own domain-settings at
4864 install time.  In Skolelinux they are kind of hard coded into the
4865 distribution, when it comes to LDAP and at least samba integration.
4866 That is more a cosmetic/translation issue, and not a real problem.
4867 Running MS Windows applications within the Skolelinux environment needs
4868 to be better supported. That is, running them seamlessly via RDP, and
4869 support for single-sign on.  That will make the transition to free
4870 software easier, because you can keep the applications you really
4871 need.  No support will make it impossible if you work in a school where
4872 some applications can't be open source. As for us we really need to
4873 run Adobe InDesign in our journalist classes.  We run a journalist
4874 education, and is one of the very few non university ones that is ok:d
4875 by Svenska journalistförbundet (Swedish journalist association).  Our
4876 education gives the pupils the right of membership there, once they
4877 are done.  This is important if you want to get a job.</p>
4878
4879 <p>Adobe InDesign is the program most commonly used in newspapers and
4880 magazines.  We used Quark Express before, but they seem to loose there
4881 market to Adobe. The only "equivalent" to InDesign in the opensource
4882 world is Scribus, and its not advanced enough. At least not according
4883 to the teacher. I think it would be possible to use it, because they
4884 are not supposed to learn a program, they are supposed to learn how to
4885 edit and compile a newspaper.  But politically at our school we are not
4886 there yet.  And Scribus lacks a lot of things you find i InDesign.</p>
4887
4888 <p>We used even a windows program for sound editing when it comes to
4889 the radio-journalist part. The year to come we are going to try
4890 Audacity. That software has the same kind of limitations compared to
4891 Adobe Audition, but that teacher is a bit more open minded. We have
4892 tried Ardour also, but that instead is more like a music studio
4893 program, not intended for the kind of editing taking place in a radio
4894 studio. Its way to complex and the GUI is to scattered when you only
4895 want to cut, make pass-overs, add extra channels and normalise.  Those
4896 things you can do in Audacity, but its not as easy as in Audition. You
4897 have to do more things manually with envelopes, and that is a bit old
4898 fashion and timewasting. Its also harder to cut and move sound from
4899 one channel to another, which is a thing that you do frequently
4900 because you often find yourself needing to rearrange parts of the
4901 sound file.</p>
4902
4903 <p>So, I am not sure we will succeed in replacing even Audition, but we
4904 will try.  The problem is the students have certain expectations when
4905 they start an education towards a profession.  So the programs has to
4906 look and feel professional.  Good thing with radio, there are many
4907 programs out there, that radio studios use, so its not as standardised
4908 as Newspaper editing. That means, it does not really matter what
4909 program they learn, because once they start working they still have to
4910 learn the program the studio uses, so instead focus has to be to learn
4911 the editing part without to much focus on a specific software.</p>
4912
4913 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4914
4915 <p>Myself I'm running Linux Mint, or Ubuntu these days.  I use almost
4916 only open source software, and preferably Linux based. When it comes
4917 to most used applications its OpenOffice, and Firefox (of course ;)
4918 )</p>
4919
4920 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4921 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4922
4923 <p>To get schools to use free software there has to be good open
4924 source software that are windows based, to ease the transition. But
4925 it's also very important that the multimedia support is working
4926 flawlessly.  The problems with Youtube, Twitter, Facebook and whatever
4927 will create problems when it comes to both teachers and
4928 students. Economy are also important for schools, so using thin
4929 clients, as long as they have good multimedia support, is a very good
4930 idea. It's also important that the open source software works even for
4931 the administration.  It's hard to convince the teachers to stick with
4932 open source, if the principal has to run Windows.  It also creates a
4933 problem if some classes has to use Windows for there tasks, since that
4934 will create a difference in "status" between classes, so a good
4935 support for running windows applications via the thin client (Linux)
4936 desktop is essential.  At least at our school, where we have mixed
4937 level of educations, from high-school to journalist-school.</p>
4938
4939 <p>Update 2012-07-09 08:30: Paul Wise tipped me on IRC about three
4940 useful sources related to Free Software for radio stations: the LWN
4941 article <a href="https://lwn.net/Articles/481607/">Radio station
4942 management with Airtime</a>,
4943 <a href="http://www.sourcefabric.org/en/airtime/">Airtime</a> which
4944 claim to be a Free open source radio automation software and
4945 <a href="http://www.rivendellaudio.org/">Rivendell</a> which claim to
4946 be complete radio broadcast automation solution.  All of them seem
4947 useful to the aspiring radio producer.</p>
4948
4949       </div>
4950       <div class="tags">
4951
4952
4953         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4954
4955
4956       </div>
4957     </div>
4958     <div class="padding"></div>
4959
4960     <div class="entry">
4961       <div class="title">
4962         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_do_schools_waste_money_on_IT_.html">Why do schools waste money on IT?</a>
4963       </div>
4964       <div class="date">
4965          8th July 2012
4966       </div>
4967       <div class="body">
4968         <p>In the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project, we have realised that one
4969 of the major blockers for the project success is the purchasing skills
4970 in schools and municipalities.  We provide what the happy users of
4971 Debian Edu / Skolelinux say they need and to a lower cost than the
4972 alternatives, and yet so few schools decide to use our solution.  I
4973 was pleased to discover the same observation done by mySociety and Tom
4974 Steinberg in his blog post
4975 "<a href="http://www.mysociety.org/2012/06/19/can-you-recognize-the-million-pound-chair/">Can
4976 you recognize the million pound chair?</a>".  Read it and weep for the
4977 spending of your tax money.</p>
4978
4979 <p>Of course there are other factors involved as well, like our
4980 projects bad marketing skills and the Linux community fragmentation
4981 causing worry with the people on the outside, so we as a project need
4982 to keep working hard to gain users, but it is a up-hill battle when
4983 public decision makers are unable to understand computer system
4984 purchases.</p>
4985
4986       </div>
4987       <div class="tags">
4988
4989
4990         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4991
4992
4993       </div>
4994     </div>
4995     <div class="padding"></div>
4996
4997     <div class="entry">
4998       <div class="title">
4999         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Free_Timetabling_Software___nice_free_software.html">Free Timetabling Software - nice free software</a>
5000       </div>
5001       <div class="date">
5002          7th July 2012
5003       </div>
5004       <div class="body">
5005         <p>Included in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
5006 Skolelinux</a> is a large collection of end user and school specific
5007 software.  It is one of the packages not installed by default but
5008 provided in the Debian archive for schools to install if they want to,
5009 is a system to automatically plan the school time table using
5010 information about available teachers, classes and rooms, combined with
5011 the list of required courses and how many hours each topic should
5012 receive.  The software is
5013
5014 <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/">named FET</a>, and it provide a
5015 graphical user interface to input the required information, save the
5016 result in a fairly simple XML format, and generate time tables for
5017 both teachers and students.  It is available both for
5018 <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/download.html">Linux, MacOSX and
5019 Windows</a>.</p>
5020
5021 <p>This is <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/features.html">the
5022 feature list</a>, liftet from the project web site:</p>
5023
5024 <p><ul>
5025
5026   <li>FET is free software, licensed under the GNU GPL v2 or later.
5027     You can freely use, copy, modify and redistribute it </li>
5028
5029   <li>Localized to en_US (US English, default), ar (Arabic), ca
5030     (Catalan), da (Danish), de (German), el (Greek), es (Spanish), fa
5031     (Persian), fr (French), gl (Galician), he (Hebrew), hu
5032     (Hungarian), id (Indonesian), it (Italian), lt (Lithuanian), mk
5033     (Macedonian), ms (Malay), nl (Dutch), pl (Polish), pt_BR
5034     (Brazilian Portuguese), ro (Romanian), ru (Russian), si (Sinhala),
5035     sk (Slovak), sr (Serbian), tr (Turkish), uk (Ukrainian), uz
5036     (Uzbek) and vi (Vietnamese) (incompletely for some languages)
5037     </li>
5038
5039   <li>Fully automatic generation algorithm, allowing also
5040     semi-automatic or manual allocation</li>
5041
5042   <li>Platform independent implementation, allowing running on
5043     GNU/Linux, Windows, Mac and any system that Qt supports </li>
5044
5045   <li>Flexible modular XML format for the input file, allowing editing
5046     with an XML editor or by hand (besides FET interface)</li>
5047
5048   <li>Import/export from CSV format</li>
5049
5050   <li>The resulted timetables are exported into HTML, XML and CSV
5051     formats </li>
5052
5053   <li>Flexible students structure, organized into sets: years, groups
5054     and subgroups. FET allows overlapping years and groups and
5055     non-overlapping subgroups. You can even define individual students
5056     (as separate sets)</li>
5057
5058   <li>Each constraint has a weight percentage, from 0.0% to 100.0%
5059     (but some special constraints are allowed to have only 100% weight
5060     percentage)</li>
5061
5062   <li>Limits for the algorithm (all these limits can be increased on
5063     demand, as a custom version, because this would require a bit more
5064     memory):
5065     <ul>
5066       <li>Maximum total number of hours (periods) per day: 60</li>
5067       <li>Maximum number of working days per week: 35</li>
5068       <li>Maximum total number of teachers: 6000</li>
5069       <li>Maximum total number of sets of students: 30000</li>
5070       <li>Maximum total number of subjects: 6000</li>
5071       <li>Virtually unlimited number of activity tags</li>
5072       <li>Maximum number of activities: 30000</li>
5073       <li>Maximum number of rooms: 6000</li>
5074       <li>Maximum number of buildings: 6000</li>
5075       <li>Possibility of adding multiple teachers and
5076           students sets for each activity.  (it is possible
5077           also to have no teachers or no students sets for an
5078           activity)</li>
5079       <li>Virtually unlimited number of time constraints</li>
5080       <li>Virtually unlimited number of space constraints</li>
5081     </ul></li>
5082
5083   <li>A large and flexible palette of time constraints:
5084     <ul>
5085       <li>Break periods</li>
5086       <li>For teacher(s):
5087         <ul>
5088           <li>Not available periods</li>
5089           <li>Max/min days per week</li>
5090           <li>Max gaps per day/week</li>
5091           <li>Max hours daily/continuously</li>
5092           <li>Min hours daily</li>
5093           <li>Max hours daily/continuously with an activity tag</li>
5094
5095           <li>Respect working in an hourly interval a max number of
5096             days per week</li>
5097         </ul></li>
5098       <li>For students (sets):
5099         <ul>
5100           <li>Not available periods</li>
5101           <li>Begins early (specify max allowed beginnings at second hour)</li>
5102           <li>Max gaps per day/week</li>
5103           <li>Max hours daily/continuously</li>
5104           <li>Min hours daily</li>
5105           <li>Max hours daily/continuously with an activity tag</li>
5106
5107           <li>Respect working in an hourly interval a max number of
5108             days per week</li>
5109         </ul></li>
5110       <li>For an activity or a set of activities/subactivities:
5111         <ul>
5112           <li>A single preferred starting time</li>
5113           <li>A set of preferred starting times</li>
5114           <li>A set of preferred time slots</li>
5115           <li>Min/max days between them</li>
5116           <li>End(s) students day</li>
5117           <li>Same starting time/day/hour</li>
5118           <li>Occupy max time slots from selection (a complex and
5119             flexible constraint, useful in many situations)</li>
5120           <li>Consecutive, ordered, grouped (for 2 or 3 (sub)activities)</li>
5121           <li>Not overlapping</li>
5122           <li>Max simultaneous in selected time slots</li>
5123           <li>Min gaps between a set of (sub)activities</li>
5124         </ul></li>
5125     </ul></li>
5126
5127   <li>A large and flexible palette of space constraints:
5128     <ul>
5129       <li>Room not available periods</li>
5130       <li>For teacher(s):
5131         <ul>
5132           <li>Home room(s)</li>
5133           <li>Max building changes per day/week</li>
5134           <li>Min gaps between building changes</li>
5135         </ul>
5136       </li>
5137
5138       <li>For students (sets):
5139         <ul>
5140           <li>Home room(s)</li>
5141           <li>Max building changes per day/week</li>
5142           <li>Min gaps between building changes</li>
5143         </ul>
5144       </li>
5145       <li>Preferred room(s):
5146         <ul>
5147           <li>For a subject</li>
5148           <li>For an activity tag</li>
5149           <li>For a subject and an activity tag</li>
5150           <li>Individually for a (sub)activity</li>
5151         </ul>
5152       </li>
5153
5154       <li>For a set of activities:
5155         <ul>
5156           <li>Occupy a maximum number of different rooms</li>
5157         </ul>
5158       </li>
5159     </ul>
5160   </li>
5161 </ul></p>
5162
5163 <p>I have not used it myself, as I am not involved in time table
5164 planning at a school, but it seem to work fine when I test it.  If you
5165 need to set up your schools time table, and is tired of doing it
5166 manually, check it out.
5167
5168 A quick summary on how to use it can be found in
5169 <a href="http://marvelsoft.co.in/wp/2012/03/generate-timetable-for-state-cbse-icse-igcse-schools-free/">a
5170 blog post from MarvelSoft</a>.  If you find FET useful, please provide
5171 a recipe for the Debian Edu project in the
5172 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu#Howtos">Debian Edu HowTo
5173 section</a>.</p>
5174
5175       </div>
5176       <div class="tags">
5177
5178
5179         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5180
5181
5182       </div>
5183     </div>
5184     <div class="padding"></div>
5185
5186     <div class="entry">
5187       <div class="title">
5188         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Markus_Gamenius.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Markus Gamenius</a>
5189       </div>
5190       <div class="date">
5191         30th June 2012
5192       </div>
5193       <div class="body">
5194         <p>Tidligere leder av
5195 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no">foreningen som
5196 organiserer Skolelinux-dugnaden</a>, Markus Gamenius , har i vår vært
5197 i media og
5198 <a href="http://www.dn.no/privatokonomi/article2345489.ece">debattert
5199 skattepolitikk</a>, og det fikk meg til å høre om han kunne lokkes til
5200 å fortelle om hans inntrykk nå, etter at han ble lokket bort fra
5201 Linux- og <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-verden
5202 for å overta familiebedriften.  Her har vi hans betraktninger i dag,
5203 noen måneder etter at
5204 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Skolelinux
5205 Squeeze</a>-utgaven ble gitt ut.</p>
5206
5207 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
5208
5209 <p>Jeg heter Markus Gamenius og er 40 år.  Utdannet biolog med ymse
5210 fag på siden.  Har jobbet som lærer der jeg var driftsansvarlig på
5211 Ulsrud VGS i Oslo.  Senere eide og jobbet jeg flere år i Linuxlabs AS,
5212 som jeg solgte til Redpill Linpro AS (den gangen Linpro AS).  I dag
5213 jobber jeg med ulike investeringer, hovedsaklig i eiendom, men også i
5214 en del ulike IT-relaterte bedrifter.</p>
5215
5216 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
5217
5218 <p>Fruen og jeg dro på en lengre seiltur i 2000, der jeg måtte ha "noe
5219 å gjøre" under hjemturen over Atlanteren.  Jeg kjøpte et par bøker om
5220 Linux i en bokhandel i New York og ble veldig fascinert.  Etter
5221 hjemkomsten begynte jeg å jobbe på Ulsrud VGS, som naturfagslærer, men
5222 som IT-interessert ble jeg fort en del av den nye IT-satsningen som
5223 skulle løfte Ulsrud og gi skolen en bedre rykte.  Vi hadde ganske
5224 mange maskiner, som gikk på Win98 og to servere som ble oppgradert til
5225 Win2000.  Systemene var ustabil og dårlige.  På leting etter noe
5226 bedre, uten å knekke ryggen økonomisk, kom jeg over "Linux i Skolen"
5227 og Skolelinux.  Jeg tok kontakt med miljøet og en gjeng møtte opp på
5228 skolen, der vi gjorde en liten testinstallasjon.  Etter et par år var
5229 ryggraden på skolen Linux (Skolelinux) og vi hadde flere hundre
5230 maskiner, både tynne klienter (gamle og nye), bærbare (Debian) og noen
5231 stasjonære (Win2000).  På et tidspunkt var Ulsrud den råeste IT-skolen
5232 og det irriterte skolesjefen i Oslo, da de satset hardt på
5233 Windows.</p>
5234
5235 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5236
5237 <p>Det som gjorde at vi fikk inn Skolelinux var ene og alene
5238 økonomiske.  Det faktum at vi slapp å kjøpe masse nye lisenser og at
5239 vi kunne bruke gammel hardware.  Alt i alt gjorde dette at vi sparte
5240 mye, men i stede for å bruke mindre på IT brukte vi det vi sparte på å
5241 skaffe mer hardware og på den måten gi det beste tilbudet i landet til
5242 våre elever.  For oss som driftet var det himmel å ha et system som
5243 gikk å administrere sentralt og effektivt.  Det var heller ikke så
5244 dumt at vi kunne "låse" maskinene mer effektivt enn vi kunne med
5245 Microsoft Windows, slik at vi slapp mye feil og problemer som ble
5246 forårsaket av "kreative" elever.</p>
5247
5248 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5249
5250 <p>Det vi slet med var mangelen av en del programmer lærerne ville ha.
5251 Husker ikke alle, men det var et knippe med pedagogiske programmer de
5252 ikke fikk.  I dag tror jeg det problemet er langt mindre da det meste
5253 av disse kjøres gjennom nettleseren.</p>
5254
5255 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
5256
5257 <p>Jeg bruker mye Apple i dag og er ikke så stolt av det, men jeg har
5258 både OpenOffice, Firefox og en del andre programmer på den bærbare.
5259 Firefox brukes mest av disse.  På Apple-serveren hjemme bruker jeg
5260 HandBrake mye, og jeg har installert OpenWRT på flere av
5261 basestasjonene både hjemme og på jobben.  I tillegg til det har jeg i
5262 flere år finansiert et prosjekt som heter
5263 <a href="http://www.found.no/">Found IT</a>.  Dette er et prosjekt der
5264 vi lager et rammeverk for søk, der alt vi bruker fri programvare.  Det
5265 er Alex Brasetvik som er daglig leder i Found IT.</p>
5266
5267 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
5268 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
5269
5270 <p>Når det gjelder IT og skole er fortsatt økonomi veldig viktig.  Så
5271 man må oppfylle minimumskravene (ikke være best, men bra nok) og selge
5272 seg inn på hvor mye man sparer.  Det betyr selvsagt at man sparer på
5273 lisenser, men også på driftsinnsats.  Men nå når jeg ikke er en aktiv
5274 del av miljøet lenger hører jeg nesten ingen ting om fri programvare.
5275 Jeg stiller meg da spørsmålet om det har blitt stille rundt miljøet,
5276 eller om jeg kun så det tydeligere før når jeg var aktiv? Uansett er
5277 det for stille rundt Skolelinux-prosjektet nå.</p>
5278
5279       </div>
5280       <div class="tags">
5281
5282
5283         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5284
5285
5286       </div>
5287     </div>
5288     <div class="padding"></div>
5289
5290     <div class="entry">
5291       <div class="title">
5292         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Jos__Luis_Redrejo_Rodr_guez.html">Debian Edu interview: José Luis Redrejo Rodríguez</a>
5293       </div>
5294       <div class="date">
5295         26th June 2012
5296       </div>
5297       <div class="body">
5298         <p>I've been too busy at home, but finally I found time to wrap up
5299 another interview with the people behind
5300 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>.
5301 This time we get to know José Luis Redrejo Rodríguez, one of our great
5302 helpers from Spain.  His effort was the reason we added support for
5303 several desktop types (KDE, Gnome and most recently LXDE) in Debian
5304 Edu, and have all of these available in the recently published
5305 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
5306 Squeeze</a> version.</p>
5307
5308 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5309
5310 <p>I'm a father, teacher and engineer who is working for the Education
5311 ministry of the Region of Extremadura (Spain) in the implementation of
5312 ICT in schools</p>
5313
5314 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5315 project?</strong></p>
5316
5317 <p>At 2006, I verified that both, we in Extremadura and Skolelinux
5318 project, had been working in parallel for some years, doing very
5319 similar things, using very similar tools and with similar targets, so
5320 I decided it was time to join forces as much as possible.</p>
5321
5322 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5323 Edu?</strong></p>
5324
5325 <p>A community of highly skilled experts working together, with a
5326 really open schema of collaboration and work. I really love the
5327 concepts of Do-ocracy and Merit-ocracy and the way these concepts are
5328 been used everyday inside Debian Edu.</p>
5329
5330 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5331 Edu?</strong></p>
5332
5333 <p>Sometimes the differences in the implementations, laws or
5334 economical and technical resources in the different countries don't
5335 allow us to agree in the same solution for all of us, and several
5336 approaches are needed, what is a waste of effort. Also, there is a
5337 lack of more man power to be able to follow the fast evolution of the
5338 technologies in school.</p>
5339
5340 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5341
5342 <p>Debian, of course, and due to my kind of job I am most of my time
5343 between Iceweasel, <a href="http://www.geany.org/">Geany</a> and
5344 <a href="http://www.ohloh.net/p/gnome-terminator">Terminator</a>.</p>
5345
5346 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5347 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5348
5349 <p>I think there is not a single strategy because there are very
5350 different scenarios: schools with mixed proprietary and free
5351 environments, schools using only workstations, other schools using
5352 laptops, netbooks, tablets, interactive white-boards, etc.</p>
5353
5354 <p>Also the range of ages of the students is very broad and you can
5355 not use the same solutions for primary schools and secondary or even
5356 universities. So different strategies are needed.</p>
5357
5358 <p>But, looking at these differences, and looking back to the things
5359 we've done and implemented, and the places were we have spent most of
5360 our forces, I think we should focus as much as possible in free
5361 multi-platform environments, using only standards tools, and moving
5362 more and more to Internet or network solutions that could be deployed
5363 using wireless. I think we'll see more and more personal devices in
5364 the schools, devices the students and teachers will take home with
5365 them, so the solutions must be able to be taken at home and continue
5366 working there.</p>
5367
5368       </div>
5369       <div class="tags">
5370
5371
5372         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5373
5374
5375       </div>
5376     </div>
5377     <div class="padding"></div>
5378
5379     <div class="entry">
5380       <div class="title">
5381         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu___some_ideas_for_the_future_versions.html">Debian Edu - some ideas for the future versions</a>
5382       </div>
5383       <div class="date">
5384         11th June 2012
5385       </div>
5386       <div class="body">
5387         <p>During my work on
5388 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.nb.html">Debian Edu
5389 based on Squeeze</a>, I came across some issues that should be
5390 addressed in the Wheezy release.  I finally found time to wrap up my
5391 notes and provide quick summary of what I found, with a bit
5392 explanation.</p>
5393
5394 <p><ul>
5395
5396 <li>We need to rewrite our package installation framework, as tasksel
5397 changed from using tasksel tasks to using meta packages (aka packages
5398 with dependencies like our education-* packages), and our installation
5399 system depend on tasksel tasks in
5400 /usr/share/tasksel/debian-edu-tasks.desc for package
5401 installation.</li>
5402
5403 <li>Enable Kerberos login for more services.  Now with the Kerberos
5404 foundation in place, we should use it to get single sign on with more
5405 services, and avoiding unneeded password / login questions.  We should
5406 at least try to enable it for these services:
5407 <ul>
5408
5409   <li>CUPS for admins to add/configure printers and users when using
5410     quotas.</li>
5411   <li>Nagios for admins checking the system status.</li>
5412   <li>GOsa for admins updating LDAP and users changing their passwords.</li>
5413   <li>LDAP for admins updating LDAP.</li>
5414   <li>Squid for users when exam mode / filtering is active.</li>
5415   <li>ssh for admins and users to save a password prompt.</li>
5416
5417 </ul></li>
5418
5419 <li>When we move GOsa to use Kerberos instead of LDAP bind to
5420 authenticate users, we should try to block or at least limit access to
5421 use LDAP bind for authentication, to ensure Kerberos is used when it
5422 is intended, and nothing fall back to using the less safe LDAP bind</li>
5423
5424 <li>Merge debian-edu-config and debian-edu-install.  The split made
5425 sense when d-e-install did a lot more, but these days it is just an
5426 inconvenience when we update the debconf preseeding values.</li>
5427
5428 <li>Fix partman-auto to allow us to abort the installation before
5429 touching the disk if the disk is too small.  This is
5430 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/653305">BTS report #653305</a> and the
5431 d-i developers are fine with the patch and someone just need to apply
5432 it and upload.  After this is done we need to adjust
5433 debian-edu-install to use this new hook.</li>
5434
5435 <li>Adjust to new LTSP framework (boot time config instead of install
5436 time config).  LTSP changed its design, and our hooks to install
5437 packages and update the configuration is most likely not going to work
5438 in Wheezy.
5439
5440 <li>Consider switching to NBD instead of NFS for LTSP root, to allow
5441 the Kernel to cache files in its normal file cache, possibly speeding
5442 up KDE login on slow networks.</li>
5443
5444 <li>Make it possible to create expired user passwords that need to
5445 change on first login.  This is useful when handing out password on
5446 paper, to make sure only the user know the password.  This require
5447 fixes to the PAM handling of kdm and gdm.</li>
5448
5449 <li>Make GUI for adding new machines automatically from sitesummary.
5450 The current command line script is not very friendly to people most
5451 familiar with GUIs.  This should probably be integrated into GOsa to
5452 have it available where the admin will be looking for it..</li>
5453
5454 <li>We should find way for Nagios to check that the DHCP service
5455 actually is working (as in handling out IP addresses).  None of the
5456 Nagios checks I have found so far have been working for me.</li>
5457
5458 <li>We should switch from libpam-nss-ldapd to sssd for all profiles
5459 using LDAP, and not only on for roaming workstations, to have less
5460 packages to configure and consistent setup across all profiles.</li>
5461
5462 <li>We should configure Kerberos to update LDAP and Samba password
5463 when changing password using the Kerberos protocol.  The hook was
5464 requested in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/588968">BTS report
5465 #588968</a> and is now available in Wheezy.  We might need to write a
5466 MIT Kerberos plugin in C to get this.</li>
5467
5468 <li>We should clean up the set of applications installed by default.
5469 <ul>
5470
5471 <li>reduce the number of chemistry visualisers</li>
5472 <li>consider dropping xpaint</li>
5473 <li>and probably more?</li>
5474 </ul></li>
5475
5476 <li>Some hardware need external firmware to work properly.  This is
5477 mostly the case for WiFi network cards, but there are some other
5478 examples too.  For popular laptops to work out of the box, such
5479 firmware need to be installed from non-free, and we should provide
5480 some GUI to do this.  Ubuntu already have this implemented, and we
5481 could consider using their packages.  At the moment we have some
5482 command line script to do this (one for the running system, another
5483 for the LTSP chroot).</li>
5484
5485
5486 <li>In Squeeze, we provide KDE, Gnome and LXDE as desktop options.  We
5487 should extend the list to Xfce and Sugar, and preferably find a way to
5488 install several and allow the admin or the user to select which one to
5489 use.</li>
5490
5491 <li>The golearn tool from the goplay package make it easy to check out
5492 interesting educational packages.  We should work on the package
5493 tagging in Debian to ensure it represent all the useful educational
5494 packages, and extend the tool to allow it to use packagekit to install
5495 new applications with a simple mouse click.</li>
5496
5497 <li>The Squeeze version got half a exam solution already in place,
5498 with the introduction of iptable based network blocking, but for it to
5499 be a complete exam solution the Squid proxy need to enable
5500 filtering/blocking as well when the exam mode is enabled.  We should
5501 implement a way to easily enable this for the schools that want it,
5502 instead of the "it is documented" method of today.</li>
5503
5504 <li>A feature used in several schools is the ability for a teacher to
5505 "take over" the desktop of individual or all computers in the room.
5506 There are at least three implementations,
5507 <a href="italc.sourceforge.net/">italc</a>,
5508 <a href="http://www.itais.net/help/en/">controlaula</a> og
5509 <a href="http://www.epoptes.org/">epoptes</a> and we should pick one of
5510 them and make it trivial to set it up in a school.  The challenges is
5511 how to distribute crypto keys and how to group computers in one room
5512 and how to set up which machine/user can control the machines in a
5513 given room.</li>
5514
5515 <li>Tablets and surf boards are getting more and more popular, and we
5516 should look into providing a good solution for integrating these into
5517 the Debian Edu network.  Not quite sure how.  Perhaps we should
5518 provide a installation profile with better touch screen support for
5519 them, or add some sync services to allow them to exchange
5520 configuration and data with the central server.  This should be
5521 investigated.</li>
5522
5523 </ul></p>
5524
5525 <p>I guess we will discover more as we continue to work on the Wheezy
5526 version.</p>
5527
5528       </div>
5529       <div class="tags">
5530
5531
5532         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5533
5534
5535       </div>
5536     </div>
5537     <div class="padding"></div>
5538
5539     <div class="entry">
5540       <div class="title">
5541         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Mike_Gabriel.html">Debian Edu interview: Mike Gabriel</a>
5542       </div>
5543       <div class="date">
5544          2nd June 2012
5545       </div>
5546       <div class="body">
5547         <p>Back in 2010, Mike Gabriel showed up on the
5548 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
5549 mailing list.  He quickly proved to be a valuable developer, and
5550 thanks to his tireless effort we now have Kerberos integrated into the
5551 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
5552 Squeeze</a> version.</p>
5553
5554 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5555
5556 <p>My name is Mike Gabriel, I am 38 years old and live near Kiel,
5557 Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. I live together with a wonderful partner
5558 (Angela Fuß) and two own children and two bonus children (contributed
5559 by Angela).</p>
5560
5561 <p>During the day I am part-time employed as a system administrator
5562 and part-time working as an IT consultant. The consultancy work
5563 touches free software topics wherever and whenever possible. During
5564 the nights I am a free software developer. In the gaps I also train in
5565 becoming an osteopath.</p>
5566
5567 <p>Starting in 2010 we (Andreas Buchholz, Angela Fuß, Mike Gabriel)
5568 have set up a free software project in the area of Kiel that aims at
5569 introducing free software into schools. The project's name is
5570 "IT-Zukunft Schule" (IT future for schools). The project links IT
5571 skills with communication skills.</p>
5572
5573 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5574 project?</strong></p>
5575
5576 <p>While preparing our own customised Linux distribution for
5577 "IT-Zukunft Schule" we were repeatedly asked if we really wanted to
5578 reinvent the wheel. What schools really need is already available,
5579 people said.  From this impulse we started evaluating other Linux
5580 distributions that target being used for school networks.</p>
5581
5582 <p>At the end we short-listed two approaches and compared them: a
5583 commercial Linux distribution developed by a company in Bremen,
5584 Germany, and Skolelinux / Debian Edu. Between 12/2010 and 03/2011 we
5585 went to several events and met people being responsible for marketing
5586 and development of either of the distributions. Skolelinux / Debian
5587 Edu was by far much more convincing compared to the other product that
5588 got short-listed beforehand--across the full spectrum. What was most
5589 attractive for me personally: the perspective of collaboration within
5590 the developmental branch of the Debian Edu project itself.</p>
5591
5592 <p>In parallel with this, we talked to many local and not-so-local
5593 people.  People teaching at schools, headmasters, politicians, data
5594 protection experts, other IT professionals.</p>
5595
5596 <p>We came to two conclusions:</p>
5597
5598 <p>First, a technical conclusion: What schools need is available in
5599 bits and pieces here and there, and none of the solutions really fit
5600 by 100%. Any school we have seen has a very individual IT setup
5601 whereas most of each school's requirements could mapped by a standard
5602 IT solution.  The requirement to this IT solution is flexibility and
5603 customisability, so that individual adaptations here and there are
5604 possible.  In terms of re-distributing and rolling out such a
5605 standardised IT system for schools (a system that is still to some
5606 degree customisable) there is still a lot of work to do here
5607 locally. Debian Edu / Skolelinux has been our choice as the starting
5608 point.</p>
5609
5610 <p>Second, a holistic conclusion: What schools need does not exist at
5611 all (or we missed it so far). There are several technical solutions
5612 for handling IT at schools that tend to make a good impression. What
5613 has been missing completely here in Germany, though, is the enrolment
5614 of people into using IT and teaching with IT. "IT-Zukunft Schule"
5615 tries to provide an approach for this.</p>
5616
5617 <p>Only some schools have some sort of a media concept which explains,
5618 defines and gives guidance on how to use IT in class. Most schools in
5619 Northern Germany do not have an IT service provider, the school's IT
5620 equipment is managed by one or (if the school is lucky) two (admin)
5621 teachers, most of the workload these admin teachers get done in there
5622 spare time.</p>
5623
5624 <p>We were surprised that only a very few admin teachers were
5625 networked with colleagues from other schools. Basically, every school
5626 here around has its individual approach of providing IT equipment to
5627 teachers and students and the exchange of ideas has been quasi
5628 non-existent until 2010/2011.</p>
5629
5630 <p>Quite some (non-admin) teachers try to avoid using IT technology in
5631 class as a learning medium completely. Several reasons for this
5632 avoidance do exist.</p>
5633
5634 <p>We discovered that no-one has ever taken a closer look at this
5635 social part of IT management in schools, so far. On our quest journey
5636 for a technical IT solution for schools, we discussed this issue with
5637 several teachers, headmasters, politicians, other IT professionals and
5638 they all confirmed: a holistic approach of considering IT management
5639 at schools, an approach that includes the people in place, will be new
5640 and probably a gain for all.</p>
5641
5642 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5643 Edu?</strong></p>
5644
5645 <p>There is a list of advantages: international context, openness to
5646 any kind of contributions, do-ocracy policy, the closeness to Debian,
5647 the different installation scenarios possible (from stand-alone
5648 workstation to complex multi-server sites), the transparency within
5649 project communication, honest communication within the group of
5650 developers, etc.</p>
5651
5652 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5653 Edu?</strong></p>
5654
5655 <p>Every coin has two sides:</p>
5656
5657 <p>Technically: <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/311188">BTS issue
5658 #311188</a>, tricky upgradability of a Debian Edu main server, network
5659 client installations on top of a plain vanilla Debian installation
5660 should become possible sometime in the near future, one could think
5661 about splitting the very complex package debian-edu-config into
5662 several portions (to make it easier for new developers to
5663 contribute).</p>
5664
5665 <p>Another issue I see is that we (as Debian Edu developers) should
5666 find out more about the network of people who do the marketing for
5667 Debian Edu / Skolelinux. There is a very active group in Germany
5668 promoting Skolelinux on the bigger Linux Days within Germany. Are
5669 there other groups like that in other countries? How can we bring
5670 these marketing people together (marketing group A with group B and
5671 all of them with the group of Debian Edu developers)? During the last
5672 meeting of the German Skolelinux group, I got the impression of people
5673 there being rather disconnected from the development department of
5674 Debian Edu / Skolelinux.</p>
5675
5676 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5677
5678 <p>For my daily business, I do not use commercial software at all.</p>
5679
5680 <p>For normal stuff I use Iceweasel/Firefox, Libreoffice.org. For
5681 serious text writing I prefer LaTeX. I use gimp, inkscape, scribus for
5682 more artistic tasks. I run virtual machines in KVM and Virtualbox.</p>
5683
5684 <p>I am one of the upstream developers of X2Go. In 2010 I started the
5685 development of a Python based X2Go Client, called PyHoca-GUI.
5686 PyHoca-GUI has brought forth a Python X2Go Client API that currently
5687 is being integrated in Ubuntu's software center.</p>
5688
5689 <p>For communications I have my own Kolab server running using Horde
5690 as web-based groupware client. For IRC I love to use irssi, for Jabber
5691 I have several clients that I use, mostly pidgin, though. I am also
5692 the Debian maintainer of Coccinella, a Jabber-based interactive
5693 whiteboard.</p>
5694
5695 <p>My favourite terminal emulator is KDE's Yakuake.</p>
5696
5697 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5698 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5699
5700 <p>Communicate, communicate, communicate. Enrol people, enrol people,
5701 enrol people.</p>
5702
5703       </div>
5704       <div class="tags">
5705
5706
5707         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5708
5709
5710       </div>
5711     </div>
5712     <div class="padding"></div>
5713
5714     <div class="entry">
5715       <div class="title">
5716         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Ralf_Gesellensetter.html">Debian Edu interview: Ralf Gesellensetter</a>
5717       </div>
5718       <div class="date">
5719         27th May 2012
5720       </div>
5721       <div class="body">
5722         <p>In 2003, a German teacher showed up on the
5723 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
5724 mailing list with interesting problems and reports proving he setting
5725 up Linux for a (for us at the time) lot of pupils.  His name was Ralf
5726 Gesellensetter, and he has been an important tester and contributor
5727 since then, helping to make sure the
5728 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
5729 Squeeze</a> release became as good as it is..</p>
5730
5731 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5732
5733 <p>I am a teacher from Germany, and my subjects are Geography,
5734 Mathematics, and Computer Science ("Informatik"). During the past 12
5735 years (since 2000), I have been working for a comprehensive (and soon,
5736 also inclusive) school leading to all kind of general levels, such as
5737 O- or A-level ("Abitur").  For quite as long, I've been taking care of
5738 our computer network.</p>
5739
5740 <p>Now, in my early 40s, I enjoy the privilege of spending a lot of my
5741 spare time together with my wife, our son (3 years) and our daughter
5742 (4 months).</p>
5743
5744 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5745 project?</strong></p>
5746
5747 <p>We had tried different Linux based school servers, when members of
5748 my local Linux User Group (LUG OWL) detected Skolelinux. I remember
5749 very well, being part of a party celebrating the Linux New Media Award
5750 ("Best Newcomer Distribution", also nominated: Ubuntu) that was given
5751 to Skolelinux at Linux World Exposition in Frankfurt, 2005 (IIRC). Few
5752 months later, I had the chance to join a developer meeting in Ulsrud
5753 (Oslo) and to hand out the award to Knut Yrvin and others.  For more
5754 than 7 years, Skolelinux is part of our schools infrastructure, namely
5755 our main server (tjener), one LTSP (today without thin clients), and
5756 approximately 50 work stations. Most of these have the option to boot a
5757 locally installed Skolelinux image.  As a consequence, I joined quite
5758 a few events dealing with free software or Linux, and met many Debian
5759 (Edu) developers. All of them seemed quite nice and competent to me,
5760 one more reason to stick to Skolelinux.</p>
5761
5762 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5763 Edu?</strong></p>
5764
5765 <p>Debian driven, you are given all the advantages of a community
5766 project including well maintained updates. Once, you are familiar with
5767 the network layout, you can easily roll out an entire educational
5768 computer infrastructure, from just one installation media. As only
5769 free software (FOSS) is used, that supports even elderly hardware,
5770 up-sizing your IT equipment is only limited by space (i.e. available
5771 labs).  Especially if you run a LTSP thin client server, your
5772 administration costs tend towards zero.</p>
5773
5774 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5775 Edu?</strong></p>
5776
5777 <p>While Debian's stability has loads of advantages for servers, this
5778 might be different in some cases for clients: Schools with unlimited
5779 budget might buy new hardware with components that are not yet
5780 supported by Debian stable, or wish to use more recent versions of
5781 office packages or desktop environments.  These schools have the
5782 option to run Debian testing or other distributions - if they have the
5783 capacity to do so.  Another issue is that Debian release cycles
5784 include a wide range of changes; therefor a high percentage of human
5785 power seems to be absorbed by just keeping the features of Skolelinux
5786 within the new setting of the version to come. During this process,
5787 the cogs of Debian Edu are getting more and more professional,
5788 i.e. harder to understand for novices.</p>
5789
5790 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5791
5792 <p>LibreOffice, Wikipedia, Openstreetmap, Iceweasel (Mozilla Firefox),
5793 KMail, Gimp, Inkscape - and of course the Linux Kernel (not only on
5794 PC, Laptop, Mobile, but also our SAT receiver)</p>
5795
5796 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5797 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5798
5799 <p><ol>
5800
5801 <li>Support computer science as regular subject in schools to make
5802 people really "own" their hardware, to make them understand the
5803 difference between proprietary software products, and free software
5804 developing.</li>
5805
5806 <li>Make budget baskets corresponding: In Germany's public schools
5807 there are more or less fixed budgets for IT equipment (including
5808 licenses), so schools won't benefit from any savings here. This
5809 privilege is left to private schools which have consequently a large
5810 share among German Skolelinux schools.</li>
5811
5812 <li>Get free software in the seminars where would-be teachers are
5813 trained. In many cases, teachers' software customs are respected by
5814 decision makers rather than the expertise of any IT experts.</li>
5815
5816 <li>Don't limit ourself to free software run natively. Everybody uses
5817 free software or free licenses (for instance Wikipedia), and this
5818 general concept should get expanded to free educational content to be
5819 shared world wide (school books e.g.).</li>
5820
5821 <li>Make clear where ever you can that the market share of free (libre)
5822 office suites is much above 20 p.c. today, and that you pupils don't
5823 need to know the "ribbon menu" in order to get employed.</li>
5824
5825 <li>Talk about the difference between freeware and free software.</li>
5826
5827 <li>Spread free software, or even collections of portable free apps
5828 for USB pen drives. Endorse students to get a legal copy of
5829 Libreoffice rather than accepting them to use illegal serials.  And
5830 keep sending documents in ODF formats.</li>
5831
5832 </ol></p>
5833
5834       </div>
5835       <div class="tags">
5836
5837
5838         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5839
5840
5841       </div>
5842     </div>
5843     <div class="padding"></div>
5844
5845     <div class="entry">
5846       <div class="title">
5847         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Alf_Tonny_B_tz.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Alf Tonny Bätz</a>
5848       </div>
5849       <div class="date">
5850         20th May 2012
5851       </div>
5852       <div class="body">
5853         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektets</a>
5854 musiker og mannen bak
5855 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Manuals/Rosegarden/">opplæringsdokumentene
5856 i Rosegarden</a>
5857 (<a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/nb/rosegarden-manual.html">norsk
5858 utgave</a>) for musikklærere, Alf Tonny Bätz, er neste mann ut i min
5859 intervjurunde av folkene bak Skolelinux-løsningen.  Jeg har kjent Alf
5860 Tonny siden vi møttes som barn på påskefjellet i Ofoten, og ble
5861 gledelig overrasket da han dukket opp i Skolelinux-prosjektet etter å
5862 ikke ha sett noe til ham på mange år.</p>
5863
5864 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
5865
5866 <p>Jeg er utdannet kokk av yrke, og har utøvet yrket i 12 år.  Men
5867 etter at ryggen sa takk før seg, studerte jeg nettverksadministrasjon
5868 ved Næringsakademiet i Bergen årene 2008-2009 slik at jeg kunne
5869 forfølge en av mine største interesser - data.  Til daglig jobber jeg
5870 ved <a href="http://www.narvikskolen.no/parken/">Parken
5871 ungdomsskole</a> med å drifte skolens PC-er. Har også litt
5872 musikkundervisning.</p>
5873
5874 <p>Mitt mål er å bevisstgjøre musikklærene mulighetene med de frie
5875 programmene som finnes i Skolelinux, blant annet Rosegarden.</p>
5876
5877 <p>Har i mange år drevet med musikk og en av grunnen til at Rosegarden
5878 falt i smak for min del, var fordi denne fungere og ligner mest på
5879 Windows-programmet (cubase) jeg jobbet mye med da jeg i mine yngre
5880 dager var «Windows fanatiker».  Ble introdusert til Linux av en kompis
5881 av meg for omtrent 14 år siden, og har bare blitt mer og mer glad i
5882 dette operativsystemet.</p>
5883
5884 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
5885
5886 <p>Da jeg ble sykemeldt fra min gamle jobb, og måtte omskoleres,
5887 havnet jeg i 2007 sammen med Viggo Fedreheim på IKT-avdelingen i
5888 Narvik kommune, der ble jeg for første gang introdusert til
5889 Skolelinuxprosjektet.</p>
5890
5891 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5892
5893 <p>Skolelinux er enkelt å holde i drift og masse flotte programmer som
5894 geogebra, ktouch og kgeografi følger med pakken.  Man kan ta i bruk
5895 gamle PC-er igjen, slik at skoler med dårlig råd får opp en brukbar
5896 PC-park.  PC-er som er ca 6-9 år gamle fungere tilfredstillende, bare
5897 de har 512 MB RAM eller mer.</p>
5898
5899 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5900
5901 <p>Ulempene er at noen av de pedagogiske programmene som lærene ønsker
5902 å bruke fungere dårlig med Linux.  Mye pga. av at disse programmene
5903 blir ikke laget til Linuxbaserte operativsystemer.</p>
5904
5905 <p>Video- og bilde-redigering har dessverre en del mangler, mange av
5906 programmene har en tendens til og krasje.  Det gjelder blant annet
5907 <a href="http://www.kdenlive.org/">kdenlive</a> og
5908 <a href="http://www.openshotvideo.com/">openshot</a>, for å nevne
5909 noen.  De er ikke stabile nok.  Når elevene kommer med filmsnutter de
5910 ønsker og jobbe med, så godtar ikke programmene filene, og når elevene
5911 jobber med redigering bare krasjer programmene uten forvarsel.  Det er
5912 for vanskelig å få noe som bare fungerer ut av boksen her. Når en elev
5913 plugger inn et videokamera eller fotoapparat så er det alltid noe som
5914 ikke vil fungere.  Programmene godtar ikke format, godtar ikke
5915 kameraet, osv., osv. Det er dessverre med på og dra ned en positiv
5916 opplevelse av bruk av fri programvare.</p>
5917
5918 <p>Man må ofte bruke flere en et video redigerings program før og få
5919 fullført en ønsket oppgave.</p>
5920
5921 <p>Eksempel:</p>
5922
5923 <p>Hvis det ene programmet ikke vil ta i mot videofilen klarer et
5924 annet det, men det programmet som klarer det kan ikke gjøre de samme
5925 oppgavene som det programmet som ikke ville ta i mot filen,
5926 Tilsvarende er det med foto, man må bruke flere programmer for å få
5927 et ferdig resultat. Til dags dato har jeg enda ikke funnet et video-
5928 og fotoprogram som kan tilfredstillende fullføre en oppgave.</p>
5929
5930 <p>Så man kan klare og fullføre en oppgave, men i verste fall må man
5931 innom 3-4 programmer for å få det til.  Så jeg har enda ikke til dags
5932 dato sett at et program fungere 100% til alt.</p>
5933
5934 <p>Det programmet jeg har best erfaring til er
5935 <a href="http://cinelerra.org/">cinelerra</a>, men dessverre har det
5936 også tendenser og krasje av og til uten grunn.</p>
5937
5938 Lydsystemet kan også være et mareritt.  Konkret snakker jeg om når du
5939 bruker for eksempel et smartboard, så følger det med USB-lydkort på
5940 disse.  Problemet ligger her i at systemet ikke vil velge rett
5941 lydkort, så man må inn med padevchooser for å sette opp PulseAudio
5942 til og velge at USB-lydkortet skal brukes.  Det blir for tungvindt for
5943 lærene, de ønsker at ting skal fungere med en gang. (min løsning på
5944 det problemet ble at jeg måtte deaktivere lydkortet som fantes på
5945 maskinen) men da må man bestandig slå på smartboard-tavla.
5946
5947 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
5948
5949 Programmene jeg bruker mest av er: Rosegarden, jack, qsynth, audacity,
5950 k3b, openttd og libreoffice.
5951
5952 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
5953 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
5954
5955 Jeg tror det må bevisstgjøring av Skolene til, dvs. reklamere høylytt
5956 og fortelle og vise de andre skolene at frie programvarer faktisk
5957 fungere.  Jeg trur faktisk mange ikke vet at det finnes frie
5958 alternativer.
5959
5960       </div>
5961       <div class="tags">
5962
5963
5964         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5965
5966
5967       </div>
5968     </div>
5969     <div class="padding"></div>
5970
5971     <div class="entry">
5972       <div class="title">
5973         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__J_rgen_Leibner.html">Debian Edu interview: Jürgen Leibner</a>
5974       </div>
5975       <div class="date">
5976         13th May 2012
5977       </div>
5978       <div class="body">
5979         <p>It has been a few busy weeks for me, but I am finally back to
5980 publish another interview with the people behind
5981 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>.
5982 This time it is one of our German developers, who have helped out over the
5983 years to make sure both a lot of major but also a lot of the minor
5984 details get right before release.
5985
5986 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5987
5988 <p>My name is Jürgen Leibner, I'm 49 years old and living in
5989 Bielefeld, a town in northern Germany.  I worked nearly 20 years as
5990 certified engineer in the department for plant design and layout of an
5991 international company for machinery and equipment.  Since 2011 I'm a
5992 certified technical writer (tekom e.V.) and doing technical
5993 documentations for a steam turbine manufacturer.  From April this year
5994 I will manage the department of technical documentation at a
5995 manufacturer of automation and assembly line engineering.</p>
5996
5997 <p>My first contact with linux was around 1993. Since that time I used
5998 it at work and at home repeatedly but not exclusively as I do now at
5999 home since 2006.</p>
6000
6001 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
6002 project?</strong></p>
6003
6004 <p>Once a day in the early year of 2001 when I wanted to fetch my
6005 daughter from primary school, there was a teacher sitting in the
6006 middle of 20 old computers trying to boot them and he failed. I helped
6007 him to get them booting. That was seen by the school director and she
6008 asked me if I would like to manage that the school gets all that old
6009 computers in use. I answered: "Yes".</p>
6010
6011 <p>Some weeks later every of the 10 classrooms had one computer
6012 running Windows98. I began to collect old computers and equipment as
6013 gifts and installed the first computer room with a peer-to-peer
6014 network. I did my work at school without being payed in my spare time
6015 and with a lot of fun.  About one year later the school was connected
6016 to Internet and a local area network was installed in the school
6017 building.  That was the time to have a server and I knew it must be a
6018 Linux server to be able to fulfil all the wishes of the teachers and
6019 being able to do this in a transparent and economic way, without extra
6020 costs for things like licence and software.  So I searched for a
6021 school server system running under Linux and I found a couple of
6022 people nearby who founded 'skolelinux.de'. It was the Skolelinux
6023 prerelease 32 I first tried out for being used at the school.  I
6024 managed the IT of that school until the municipal authority took over
6025 the IT management and centralised the services for all schools in
6026 Bielefeld in December of 2006.</p>
6027
6028 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6029 Edu?</strong></p>
6030
6031 <p>When I'm looking back to the beginning, there were other advantages
6032 for me as today.</p>
6033
6034 <p>In the past there were advantages like:</p>
6035
6036 <p><ul>
6037
6038 <li>I don't need to buy it so it generates no costs to the school as
6039 they had little money to spent for computers and software.</li>
6040
6041 <li>It has a licence which grands all rights to use it without
6042 cost.</li>
6043
6044 <li>It was more able to fit all requirements of a server system for
6045 schools than a Microsoft server system, even if there are only Windows
6046 clients because of it's preconfigured overall concept of being a
6047 infrastructure solution and community for schools, not only a
6048 server</li>
6049
6050 <li>I was able to configure the server to the needs of the
6051 school.</li>
6052
6053 </ul></p>
6054
6055 <p>Today some of the advantages has been lost, changed or new ones
6056 came up in this way:</p>
6057
6058 <p><ul>
6059
6060 <li>Most schools here do have money to buy hardware and software
6061 now.</li>
6062
6063 <li>They are today mostly managed from central IT departments which
6064 have own concepts which often do not fit to Debian Edu concepts
6065 because they are to close to Microsoft ideology.</li>
6066
6067 <li>With the Squeeze version of Debian Edu which now uses GOsa² for
6068 management I feel more able to manage the daily tasks than with the
6069 interfaces used in the past.</li>
6070
6071 <li>It is more modular than in the past and fits even better to the
6072 different needs.</li>
6073
6074 <li>The documentation is usable and gets better every day.</li>
6075
6076 <li>More people than ever before are using Debian Edu all over the
6077 world and so the community, which is an very important part I think,
6078 is sharing knowledge and minds.</li>
6079
6080 <li>Most, maybe all, of the technical requirements for schools are
6081 solved today by Debian Edu. </li>
6082
6083 </ul></p>
6084
6085 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6086 Edu?</strong></p>
6087
6088 <p><ul>
6089
6090 <li>There are too few IT companies able to integrate Debian Edu into
6091 their product portfolio for serving schools with concepts or even
6092 whole municipality areas.</li>
6093
6094 <li>Debian Edu has beside other free and open software projects not
6095 enough lobbyists which promote free and open software to
6096 politicians.</li>
6097
6098 <li>Technically there are no disadvantages I'm aware of.</li>
6099
6100 </ul></p>
6101
6102 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
6103
6104 <p>I use Debian stable on my home server and on my little desktop
6105 computer. On my laptop I use Debian testing/sid. The applications I
6106 use on my laptop and my desktop are Open/Libre-office, Iceweasel,
6107 KMail, DigiKam, Amarok, Dolphin, okular and all the other programs I
6108 need from the KDE environment.  On console I use newsbeuter, mutt,
6109 screen, irssi and all the other famous and useful tools.</p>
6110
6111 <p>My home server provides mail services with exim, dovecot, roundcube
6112 and mutt over ssh on the console, file services with samba, NFS,
6113 rsync, web services with apache, moinmoin-wiki, multimedia services
6114 with gallery2 and mediatomb and database services with MySQL for me
6115 and the whole family.  I probably forgot something.</p>
6116
6117 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
6118 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
6119
6120 <p>I believe, we should provide concepts for IT companies to integrate
6121 Debian Edu into their product portfolio with use cases for different
6122 countries and areas all over the world.</p>
6123
6124       </div>
6125       <div class="tags">
6126
6127
6128         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
6129
6130
6131       </div>
6132     </div>
6133     <div class="padding"></div>
6134
6135     <div class="entry">
6136       <div class="title">
6137         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Forskning___GPL_gir_lokal_frihet_og_kontroll_gjennom_omfordeling_av_makt_fra_produsent_til_bruker_.html">Forskning: "GPL gir lokal frihet og kontroll gjennom omfordeling av makt fra produsent til bruker"</a>
6138       </div>
6139       <div class="date">
6140         15th April 2012
6141       </div>
6142       <div class="body">
6143         <p>Da jeg googlet etter noe annet kom jeg tilfeldigvis over
6144 <a href="http://www.duo.uio.no/sok/work.html?WORKID=58309">en
6145 hovedfagsoppgave</a> ved Universitetet i Oslo som diskuterer verdien
6146 av GPLs fire friheter for brukerne av IT-systemer.  Jeg ble fascinert
6147 over det som presenteres der.  Her er sammendraget:</p>
6148
6149 <p><blockquote>
6150
6151 <p>Motivasjonen til å skrive denne oppgaven er en personlig undring
6152 over hvorfor det primært, og ofte eksklusivt, fokuseres på det
6153 økonomiske aspektet ved utredninger om fri programvare er et godt valg
6154 for det offentlige. Fri og produsenteid programvare bygger på
6155 fundamentalt forskjellige ideologier som kan ha implikasjoner utover
6156 økonomiske kostnader. Kunnskapskulturen som er med på å definere fri
6157 programvare er basert på åpenhet, og er en verdi i seg selv.</p>
6158
6159 <p>Oppgavens tema er programvarelisensen GPL og frihet. GPL-lisensiert
6160 programvare gir visse friheter i forhold til produsenteid
6161 programvare. Mitt spørsmål er om, og eventuelt i hvilken utstrekning,
6162 disse frihetene blir benyttet av ulike brukere og hvordan de
6163 manifesterer seg for disse brukerne. Sentrale spørsmål i oppgaven
6164 er:</p>
6165
6166 <ul>
6167 <li>Hvordan fordeles handlekraft gjennom lisensieringen av programvaren?</li>
6168 <li>Hvilke konsekvenser har programvarelisensen for de ulike brukere? </li>
6169 </ul>
6170
6171 <p>Fri programvare gir blant annet brukeren mulighet til å studere og
6172 modifisere kildekoden. Denne formen for frihet erverves gjennom
6173 kunnskap og krever at brukeren også er en ekspert. Hva skjer med
6174 frihetene til GPL når sluttbrukeren er en annen? Dette diskuteres i
6175 dialog med informantene.</p>
6176
6177 <p>Jeg har i denne oppgaven samlet inn intervjudata fra IKT-ansvarlige
6178 ved grunnskolene i Nittedal kommune, driftsansvarlig og IKT-veilederen
6179 for skolene i kommunen, samt IKT-koordinator for utdanning i Akershus
6180 fylkeskommune og bokmåloversettere av OpenOffice.org. Den empiriske
6181 delen av oppgaven er delt inn i to seksjoner; den første omhandler
6182 operativsystemet Skolelinux, den andre kontorprogrampakken
6183 OpenOffice.org.</p>
6184
6185 <p>Som vi vil se gir GPL lokal frihet og kontroll gjennom omfordeling
6186 av makt fra produsent til bruker. Brukerens makt analyseres gjennom
6187 begrepene brukermedvirkning og handlingsfrihet. Det blir også lagt
6188 vekt på strukturelle forhold rundt bruken av teknologi, og spesielt de
6189 økonomiske begrepene nettverkseksternaliteter, innlåsing og
6190 stiavhengighet. Dette er begreper av spesiell nytte når objektet som
6191 omsettes eller distribueres er et kommunikasjonsprodukt, fordi verdien
6192 til et slikt gode for en potensiell bruker avhenger av antall
6193 eksisterende brukere av godet. I tilknytning til denne problematikken
6194 inneholder oppgaven også en diskusjon rundt åpne standarder og
6195 formater.</p>
6196
6197 <p>Oppgaven konkluderer med at de «fire frihetene» som GPL-lisensen er
6198 laget for å beskytte er av avgjørende betydning for bruken av
6199 OpenOffice.org og Skolelinux, i Akershus fylkeskommune såvel som i
6200 skolene i Nittedal. Distribusjonen av handlekraft er ikke helt
6201 symmetrisk. Det er først og fremst de profesjonelle utviklerne i
6202 Skolelinux som direkte kan nyttiggjøre seg friheten til å endre kode,
6203 mens en sluttbruker som Nittedal kommune nyttiggjør seg den økonomiske
6204 friheten til å kunne distribuere programmene. Det er imidlertid også
6205 slik at ingen aktør klarer seg uten alle disse «frihetene».</p>
6206 </blockquote></p>
6207
6208 <p>Jeg fant også en masteroppgave fra 2006, men der ligger ikke
6209 komplett oppgave tilgjengelig.  På tide å holde et øye med
6210 <a href="http://www.duo.uio.no/sok/search.html?q=skolelinux">Skolelinux-søket</a>
6211 til DUO...</p>
6212
6213
6214       </div>
6215       <div class="tags">
6216
6217
6218         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6219
6220
6221       </div>
6222     </div>
6223     <div class="padding"></div>
6224
6225     <div class="entry">
6226       <div class="title">
6227         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Andreas_Mundt.html">Debian Edu interview: Andreas Mundt</a>
6228       </div>
6229       <div class="date">
6230         15th April 2012
6231       </div>
6232       <div class="body">
6233         <p>Behind <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
6234 Skolelinux</a> there are a lot of people doing the hard work of
6235 setting together all the pieces.  This time I present to you Andreas
6236 Mundt, who have been part of the technical development team several
6237 years.  He was also a key contributor in getting GOsa and Kerberos set
6238 up in the recently released
6239 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">Debian
6240 Edu Squeeze</a> version.</p>
6241
6242 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
6243
6244 <p>My name is Andreas Mundt, I grew up in south Germany.  After
6245 studying Physics I spent several years at university doing research in
6246 Quantum Optics.  After that I worked some years in an optics company.
6247 Finally I decided to turn over a new leaf in my life and started
6248 teaching 10 to 19 years old kids at school.  I teach math, physics,
6249 information technology and science/technology.</p>
6250
6251 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
6252 project?</strong></p>
6253
6254 <p>Already before I switched to teaching, I followed the Debian Edu
6255 project because of my interest in education and Debian.  Within the
6256 qualification/training period for the teaching, I started
6257 contributing.</p>
6258
6259 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6260 Edu?</strong></p>
6261
6262 <p>The advantages of Debian Edu are the well known name, the
6263 out-of-the-box philosophy and of course the great free software of the
6264 Debian Project!</p>
6265
6266 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6267 Edu?</strong></p>
6268
6269 <p>As every coin has two sides, the out-of-the-box philosophy has its
6270 downside, too.  In my opinion, it is hard to modify and tweak the
6271 setup, if you need or want that.  Further more, it is not easily
6272 possible to upgrade the system to a new release.  It takes much too
6273 long after a Debian release to prepare the -Edu release, perhaps
6274 because the number of developers working on the core of the code is
6275 rather small and often busy elsewhere.</p>
6276
6277 <p>The <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianLAN">Debian LAN</a>
6278 project might fill the use case of a more flexible system.</p>
6279
6280 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
6281
6282 <p>I am only using non-free software if I am forced to and run Debian
6283 on all my machines.  For documents I prefer LaTeX and PGF/TikZ, then
6284 mutt and iceweasel for email respectively web browsing.  At school I
6285 have Arduino and Fritzing in use for a micro controller project.</p>
6286
6287 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
6288 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
6289
6290 <p>One of the major problems is the vendor lock-in from top to bottom:
6291 Especially in combination with ignorant government employees and
6292 politicians, this works out great for the "market-leader".  The school
6293 administration here in Baden-Wuerttemberg is occupied by that vendor.
6294 Documents have to be prepared in non-free, proprietary formats.  Even
6295 free browsers do not work for the school administration.  Publishers
6296 of school books provide software only for proprietary platforms.</p>
6297
6298 <p>To change this, political work is very important.  Parts of the
6299 political spectrum have become aware of the problem in the last years.
6300 However it takes quite some time and courageous politicians to 'free'
6301 the system.  There is currently some discussion about "Open Data" and
6302 "Free/Open Standards".  I am not sure if all the involved parties have
6303 a clue about the potential of these ideas, and probably only a
6304 fraction takes them seriously.  However it might slowly make free
6305 software and the philosophy behind it more known and popular.</p>
6306
6307       </div>
6308       <div class="tags">
6309
6310
6311         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
6312
6313
6314       </div>
6315     </div>
6316     <div class="padding"></div>
6317
6318     <div class="entry">
6319       <div class="title">
6320         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Justin_B__Rye.html">Debian Edu interview: Justin B. Rye</a>
6321       </div>
6322       <div class="date">
6323          8th April 2012
6324       </div>
6325       <div class="body">
6326         <p>It take all kind of contributions to create a Linux distribution
6327 like <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>,
6328 and this time I lend the ear to Justin B. Rye, who is listed as a big
6329 contributor to the
6330 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">Debian
6331 Edu Squeeze release manual</a>.
6332
6333 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
6334
6335 <p>I'm a 44-year-old linguistics graduate living in Edinburgh who has
6336 occasionally been employed as a sysadmin.</p>
6337
6338 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
6339 project?</strong></p>
6340
6341 <p>I'm neither a developer nor a Skolelinux/Debian Edu user!  The only
6342 reason my name's in the credits for the documentation is that I hang
6343 around on debian-l10n-english waiting for people to mention things
6344 they'd like a native English speaker to proofread...  So I did a sweep
6345 through the wiki for typos and Norglish and inconsistent spellings of
6346 "localisation".</p>
6347
6348 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6349 Edu?</strong></p>
6350
6351 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6352 Edu?</strong></p>
6353
6354 <p>These questions are too hard for me - I don't use it!  In fact I
6355 had hardly any contact with I.T. until long after I'd got out of the
6356 education system.</p>
6357
6358 <p>I can tell you the advantages of Debian for me though: it soaks up
6359 as much of my free time as I want and no more, and lets me do
6360 everything I want a computer for without ever forcing me to spend
6361 money on the latest hardware.</p>
6362
6363 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
6364
6365 <p>I've been using Debian since Rex; popularity-contest says the
6366 software that I use most is xinit, xterm, and xulrunner (in other
6367 words, I use a distinctly retro sort of desktop).</p>
6368
6369 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
6370 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
6371
6372 <p>Well, I don't know.  I suppose I'd be inclined to try reasoning
6373 with the people who make the decisions, but obviously if that worked
6374 you would hardly need a strategy.</p>
6375
6376       </div>
6377       <div class="tags">
6378
6379
6380         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
6381
6382
6383       </div>
6384     </div>
6385     <div class="padding"></div>
6386
6387     <div class="entry">
6388       <div class="title">
6389         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_the_KDE_menu_is_slow_when__usr__is_NFS_mounted___and_a_workaround.html">Why the KDE menu is slow when /usr/ is NFS mounted - and a workaround</a>
6390       </div>
6391       <div class="date">
6392          6th April 2012
6393       </div>
6394       <div class="body">
6395         <p>Recently I have spent time with
6396 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a> on speeding
6397 up a <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
6398 Lenny installation using LTSP diskless workstations, and in the
6399 process I discovered something very surprising.  The reason the KDE
6400 menu was responding slow when using it for the first time, was mostly
6401 due to the way KDE find application icons.  I discovered that showing
6402 the Multimedia menu would cause more than 20 000 IP packages to be
6403 passed between the LTSP client and the NFS server.  Most of these were
6404
6405 NFS LOOKUP calls, resulting in a NFS3ERR_NOENT response.  Because the
6406 ping times between the client and the server were in the range 2-20
6407 ms, the menus would be very slow.  Looking at the strace of kicker in
6408 Lenny (or plasma-desktop i Squeeze - same problem there), I see that
6409 the source of these NFS calls are access(2) system calls for
6410 non-existing files.  KDE can do hundreds of access(2) calls to find
6411 one icon file.  In my example, just finding the mplayer icon required
6412 around 230 access(2) calls.</p>
6413
6414 <p>The KDE code seem to search for icons using a list of icon
6415 directories, and the list of possible directories is large.  In
6416 (almost) each directory, it look for files ending in .png, .svgz, .svg
6417 and .xpm.  The result is a very slow KDE menu when /usr/ is NFS
6418 mounted.  Showing a single sub menu may result in thousands of NFS
6419 requests.  I am not the first one to discover this.  I found a
6420 <a href="https://bugs.kde.org/show_bug.cgi?id=211416">KDE bug report
6421 from 2009</a> about this problem, and it is still unsolved.</p>
6422
6423 <p>My solution to speed up the KDE menu was to create a package
6424 kde-icon-cache that upon installation will look at all .desktop files
6425 used to generate the KDE menu, find their icons, search the icon paths
6426 for the file that KDE will end up finding at run time, and copying the
6427 icon file to /var/lib/kde-icon-cache/.  Finally, I add symlinks to
6428 these icon files in one of the first directories where KDE will look
6429 for them.  This cut down the number of file accesses required to find
6430 one icon from several hundred to less than 5, and make the KDE menu
6431 almost instantaneous.  I'm not quite sure where to make the package
6432 publicly available, so for now it is only available on request.</p>
6433
6434 <p>The bug report mention that this do not only affect the KDE menu
6435 and icon handling, but also the login process.  Not quite sure how to
6436 speed up that part without replacing NFS with for example NBD, and
6437 that is not really an option at the moment.</p>
6438
6439 <p>If you got feedback on this issue, please let us know on debian-edu
6440 (at) lists.debian.org.</p>
6441
6442       </div>
6443       <div class="tags">
6444
6445
6446         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6447
6448
6449       </div>
6450     </div>
6451     <div class="padding"></div>
6452
6453     <div class="entry">
6454       <div class="title">
6455         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_in_the_Linux_Weekly_News.html">Debian Edu in the Linux Weekly News</a>
6456       </div>
6457       <div class="date">
6458          5th April 2012
6459       </div>
6460       <div class="body">
6461         <p>About two weeks ago, I was interviewed via email about
6462 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a> by
6463 Bruce Byfield in Linux Weekly News.  The result was made public for
6464 non-subscribers today.  I am pleased to see liked our Linux solution
6465 for schools.  Check out his article
6466 <a href="https://lwn.net/Articles/488805/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux: A
6467 distribution for education</a> if you want to learn more.</p>
6468
6469       </div>
6470       <div class="tags">
6471
6472
6473         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6474
6475
6476       </div>
6477     </div>
6478     <div class="padding"></div>
6479
6480     <div class="entry">
6481       <div class="title">
6482         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Wolfgang_Schweer.html">Debian Edu interview: Wolfgang Schweer</a>
6483       </div>
6484       <div class="date">
6485          1st April 2012
6486       </div>
6487       <div class="body">
6488         <p>Germany is a core area for the
6489 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
6490 user community, and this time I managed to get hold of Wolfgang
6491 Schweer, a valuable contributor to the project from Germany.
6492
6493 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
6494
6495 <p>I've studied Mathematics at the university 'Ruhr-Universität' in
6496 Bochum, Germany. Since 1981 I'm working as a teacher at the school
6497 "<a href="http://www.westfalenkolleg-dortmund.de/">Westfalen-Kolleg
6498 Dortmund</a>", a second chance school.  Here, young adults is given
6499 the opportunity to get further education in order to do the school
6500 examination 'Abitur', which will allow to study at a university. This
6501 second chance is of value for those who want a better job perspective
6502 or failed to get a higher school examination being teens.</p>
6503
6504 <p>Besides teaching I was involved in developing online courses for a
6505 blended learning project called 'abitur-online.nrw' and in some other
6506 information technology related projects. For about ten years I've been
6507 teacher and coordinator for the 'abitur-online' project at my
6508 school. Being now in my early sixties, I've decided to leave school at
6509 the end of April this year.</p>
6510
6511 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
6512 project?</strong></p>
6513
6514 <p>The first information about Skolelinux must have come to my
6515 attention years ago and somehow related to LTSP (Linux Terminal Server
6516 Project).  At school, we had set up a network at the beginning of 1997
6517 using Suse Linux on the desktop, replacing a Novell network. Since
6518 2002, we used old machines from the city council of Dortmund as thin
6519 clients (LTSP, later Ubuntu/Lessdisks) cause new hardware was out of
6520 reach. At home I'm using Debian since years and - subscribed to the
6521 Debian news letter - heard from time to time about Skolelinux. About
6522 two years ago I proposed to replace the (somehow undocumented and only
6523 known to me) system at school by a well known Debian based system:
6524 Skolelinux.</p>
6525
6526 <p>Students and teachers appreciated the new system because of a
6527 better look and feel and an enhanced access to local media on thin
6528 clients.  The possibility to alter and/or reset passwords using a GUI
6529 was welcomed, too. Being able to do administrative tasks using a GUI
6530 and to easily set up workstations using PXE was of very high value for
6531 the admin teachers.</p>
6532
6533 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6534 Edu?</strong></p>
6535
6536 <p>It's open source, easy to set up, stable and flexible due to it's
6537 Debian base. It integrates LTSP out-of-the-box. And it is documented!
6538 So it was a perfect choice.</p>
6539
6540 <p>Being open source, there are no license problems and so it's
6541 possible to point teachers and students to programs like
6542 OpenOffice.org, ViewYourMind (mind mapping) and The Gimp.  It's of
6543 high value to be able to adapt parts of the system to special needs of
6544 a school and to choose where to get support for this.</p>
6545
6546 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6547 Edu?</strong></p>
6548
6549 <p>Nothing yet.</p>
6550
6551 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
6552
6553 <p>At home (Debian Sid with Gnome Desktop): Iceweasel, LibreOffice,
6554 Mutt, Gedit, Document Viewer, Midnight Commander, flpsed (PDF
6555 Annotator).  At school (Skolelinux Lenny): Iceweasel, Gedit,
6556 LibreOffice.</p>
6557
6558 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
6559 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
6560
6561 <p>Some time ago I thought it was enough to tell people about it. But
6562 that doesn't seem to work quite well. Now I concentrate on those more
6563 interested and hope to get multiplicators that way.</p>
6564
6565       </div>
6566       <div class="tags">
6567
6568
6569         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
6570
6571
6572       </div>
6573     </div>
6574     <div class="padding"></div>
6575
6576     <div class="entry">
6577       <div class="title">
6578         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html">Linux-skoler har høyere PC-tetthet enn landsgjennomsnittet - pressemelding fra FRiSK</a>
6579       </div>
6580       <div class="date">
6581         30th March 2012
6582       </div>
6583       <div class="body">
6584         <p>I dag har <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no">FRiSK</a>
6585 sendt ut følgende pressemelding basert på mine beregninger av
6586 PC-tetthet på Linux-skoler:</p>
6587
6588 <p><strong>Linux-skoler har høyere PC-tetthet enn
6589 landsgjennomsnittet</strong></p>
6590
6591 <p>Oslo, 30 Mars 2012</p>
6592
6593 <p>Det er store forskjeller på skolenes digitale tilstand, viser
6594 undersøkelsen Monitor 2011 som er laget på oppdrag fra
6595 Kunnskapsdepartementet. Dette har ført til debatt om PC-tilgangen i
6596 skolen, og om de med Linux i skolen gjør det bedre bedre eller
6597 dårligere enn snittet i landet.</p>
6598
6599 <p>Nå har vi tallene. Skoler med Linux har 36% større PC-tetthet en
6600 landsgjennomsnittet. På spørsmål hvorfor skoler med Linux har større
6601 PC-tetthet, observerer Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken som er IKT-konsulent i
6602 Nord-Odal:</p>
6603
6604 <p><blockquote>"Vi erfarer at klienter med Skolelinux har god funksjon
6605 til de er 8 til 10 år gamle. Dette er omtrent dobbelt så lenge som
6606 andre løsninger, og skolene får mer datautstyr for
6607 pengene."</blockquote></p>
6608
6609 <p>Undersøkelsen baserer seg på 56 skoler som har gjort det offentlig
6610 at de kjører Skolelinux eller annen Linux-utgave. De kan også ha PC-er
6611 med Windows i skolenettet. Når en sammenligner PC-tetthetene på
6612 skolene i kommunene Flora, Harstad, Kongsvinger, Narvik, Nittedal,
6613 Nord-Odal og Randaberg, er det i snitt 2,28 elev pr. PC på skolene med
6614 Linux. På landsbasis er det 3.11 elev per PC i grunnskolen, i følge
6615 side 95 i Monitor-rapporten for 2011. Målingen viser dermed 36% større
6616 PC-tetthet i skoler med Linux.</p>
6617
6618 <p><strong>Om Skolelinux/Debian Edu</strong></p>
6619
6620 <p>Skolelinux har til hensikt å gi alle barn full tilgang til
6621 skoleaktuelle dataprogram på sitt eget morsmål. Derfor følger det med
6622 godt over 100 skoleaktuelle programmene laget for læring. De fleste
6623 programmene er oversatt til over 50 språk. Elevene skal også kunne
6624 studere alle sider av dataprogrammene. Derfor følger også kildekode
6625 med. Elever med interesse kan lære av eksperter som har laget
6626 systemet. Dette med enkelt programmering i læreprogram som KTurtle,
6627 til profesjonelle verktøy som Qt Creator eller Java.</p>
6628
6629 <p>Skolelinux er laget for sentralisert drift, der alt teknisk
6630 administrasjon av alle skolene kan gjøres sentralt fra kommunehuset
6631 eller sentralt i en region.  F.eks. drifter to-tre personer 70.000
6632 skoledatamaskiner på 200 skoler i delstaten Extremadura i
6633 Spania. Etter velykket bruk av Debian Edu i skolen, legger delstaten
6634 over til Debian på 40.000 datamaskiner i administrasjonen. Det er idag
6635 mange selskap som tilbyr profesjonell støtte til innføring og drift i
6636 Norge og verden.</p>
6637
6638 <p><strong>Om FRiSK</strong></p>
6639
6640 <p>Medlemsforeningen Fri Programvare i Skolen organiserer
6641 dugnadsprosjektet som står bak Skolelinux.</p>
6642
6643 <p><strong>Kontaktperson</strong></p>
6644
6645 <p>Knut Yrvin</p>
6646
6647 <p>Leder av Fri Programvare i Skolen (FRISK)</p>
6648
6649 <p>Epost: knuty at skolelinux.no
6650 <br>Mobil: +47 93 479 561</p>
6651
6652 <p><strong>Referanser</strong></p>
6653
6654 <p><ul>
6655
6656  <li><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">http://www.skolelinux.org/</a></li>
6657  <li><a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/</a></li>
6658  <li><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Download">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Download</a></li>
6659  <li><a href="https://www.wis.no/gsi">https://www.wis.no/gsi</a></li>
6660  <li><a href="http://iktsenteret.no/sites/iktsenteret.no/files/attachments/monitor2011.pdf">http://iktsenteret.no/sites/iktsenteret.no/files/attachments/monitor2011.pdf</a></li>
6661  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html</a></li>
6662  <li><a href="https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/linuxiskolen/2012-March/018500.html">https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/linuxiskolen/2012-March/018500.html</a></li>
6663
6664 </ul></p>
6665
6666       </div>
6667       <div class="tags">
6668
6669
6670         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6671
6672
6673       </div>
6674     </div>
6675     <div class="padding"></div>
6676
6677     <div class="entry">
6678       <div class="title">
6679         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Roy_Arne_Myhre.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Roy-Arne Myhre</a>
6680       </div>
6681       <div class="date">
6682         28th March 2012
6683       </div>
6684       <div class="body">
6685         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
6686 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi
6687 denne gangen høre fra en IKT-ansvarlig som har brukt Skolelinux i
6688 mange år, og vært storfornøyd med erfaringene så langt.</p>
6689
6690 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6691
6692 <p>Mitt navn er Roy-Arne Myhre og jeg er 42 år.  Jeg er ansatt hos
6693 <a href="http://www.sandskole.no/">Sand skole</a> (Balsfjord kommune)
6694 og har stort sett vært det siden 1990.  Jeg er IKT ansvarlig ved
6695 skolen i 40% stilling – 10% undervisning – musikk.</p>
6696
6697 <p>Ved skolen er det ca 100 elever og ca 18 lærere + 4 assistenter i
6698 hele og delte stillinger. Alle lærerne har bærbar PC (dessverre med
6699 Win Vista) – assistenter har tilgang til egne. Vi benytter Fronter i
6700 det daglige arbeidet.  Vi har ca 90 elevmaskiner som fungerer til
6701 daglig opp mot Linux server (XFCE) som driftes av
6702 <a href="http://www.bzz.no/">BzzWare AS</a> via nett. Maskinparken
6703 består kun av brukt utstyr for elevene – og noe av dette begynner å
6704 bli vel gammelt selv som halvtykke klienter.</p>
6705
6706 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med
6707 Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6708
6709 <p>Vi kom første gang i kontakt med Skolelinux rundt 1997. Den gang
6710 var det oppstart-disketter i hver maskin, ikke mulighet for lyd og
6711 video, gamle nettverkskort og mye plundring.  Vi hadde en ihuga
6712 forelder med som pådriver, forsker og inspirator for hele opplegget.
6713 Selv ante jeg knapt at Skolelinux fantes, men han var av den
6714 utforskende typen, og fikk både meg og skolelederen i trua på at dette
6715 var ting som kunne fungere.  Etter dette har det gått gradvis
6716 framover; flere maskiner er hentet inn gjennom bl.a
6717 <a href="http://www.greentech.no/">Greentech</a> og utrangert utstyr
6718 fra høgskole / Avinor og private givere. Når maskinene ble for trege
6719 for nye Windows-versjoner, sto vi klare til å putte dem i nettverket
6720 vårt.  Dette betyr at vi i dag har 1:1 dekning av maskiner på
6721 ungdomstrinnet og bedre enn 1:2 på barnetrinnet. Dette er vi veldig
6722 fornøyd med, og vi kan ikke se for oss hverdagen som ville vært
6723 alternativet ved bruk av Windows med sine lisenser pr. Bruker/maskin.
6724 Da ville vi nok vært tilbake til 1-2 maskiner pr klasserom med de
6725 negative konsekvenser det ville hatt for undervisningsformene våre. Vi
6726 kan ha en hel klasse i prosjektjobbing eller individuell jobbing
6727 samtidig – vi kan avholde tentamen og eksamen uten
6728 logistikkproblemer.</p>
6729
6730 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6731
6732 Hvor skal jeg begynne... Stabiliteten er et nøkkelord - det bare
6733 virker.  Har du først fått en server med Skolelinux opp og gå, så må
6734 det en maskinarefeil eller sabotasje til for å stoppe den.  Det at man
6735 kan bruke eldre maskiner som normalt sett ville gått på dynga, er også
6736 glimrende - billig for skoler med dårlig økonomi og bra for miljøet
6737 siden vi gjenbruker utstyr i stedet for å skaffe nytt. Vi ville aldri
6738 hatt mulighet til å operere med det maskinantallet vi har pr i dag
6739 hvis det ikke var for Skolelinux - så tilgjengelighet er et annet
6740 nøkkelord. Et tredje moment er sikkerhet og brukertilgang. Alle
6741 brukerer opererer med egne brukernavn og passord, samt egne
6742 brukerområder som kan tilpasses for både enbrukertilgang og for
6743 samarbeid med andre.
6744
6745 Elever har godt av å se at det finnes andre alternativer enn de som
6746 storindustrien selger på lisensbasis - på den måten trenes de opp til
6747 å se flere muligheter og å foreta valg ut fra flere opsjoner.
6748
6749 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6750
6751 <p>Ulempene med Skolelinux er nok utbredelsen og mangelen på kjennskap
6752 til dette i skolenorge.  De som skal ta økonomiske avgjørelser rynker
6753 på nesen og vil gå for det kjente og «sikre» selv om det koster mye
6754 mer. Man får rett og slett litt hetta av å ikke kunne noe – og unngår
6755 dette for enhver pris.</p>
6756
6757 <p>I tillegg er mye av linux-systemet administrert av tekstkommandoer
6758 og er lite intuitiv/visuell for oss som ikke er «inne i»
6759 kildekodene». Så problemet er nok mye godt at de som
6760 utarbeider/drifter Skolelinux ikke helt klarer å sette seg ned på
6761 skoleadministratorens nivå når det gjelder problemer og
6762 utfordringer. Men dette er nok en utfordring alle administratorer
6763 sliter med uansett OS.</p>
6764
6765 <p>Derfor har vi valgt å støtte oss til BzzWare AS for assistanse i
6766 drifta slik at jeg har kunnet konsentrere meg mer om kabling, skifting
6767 av komponenter, veiledning av lærere og elever, vedlikehold av
6768 skrivere og annen daglig drift.</p>
6769
6770 <p>Elevene mestrer Skolelinux helt fint.  Så lenge Internett
6771 (Iceweasel) og Libreoffice (Openoffice) fungerer er 90% av
6772 skolehverdagen velfungerende. I tillegg brukes jo en del av den
6773 pedagogiske programpakken bla. i forhold til matematikk og geografi,
6774 men det er såpass mye bra på nett om dagen, så disse programmene er
6775 mer som krydder å regne.</p>
6776
6777 <p>Jeg skulle ønske neste versjon av Skolelinux kunne komme litt
6778 mindre stappet med programmer, for halvparten blir aldri brukt, eller
6779 fungerer ikke uansett.  Hva med et pedagogisk panel av lærere/IKT
6780 ansvarlige som kunne sagt: disse programmene skal være standard, så
6781 får resten være slike man kan legge til ved behov – det kan lett bli
6782 en jungel å bevege seg i.</p>
6783
6784 <p>Jeg ønsker meg også en mer grafisk versjon av
6785 <a href="http://bzz.no/lwat/trac/trac.cgi">Lwat</a> hvor man kan krysse
6786 ut de som f.eks ikke skal ha internett-tilgang en dag pga
6787 eksamen/tentamen, samt en noe enklere brannmurløsning hvor man kan
6788 stenge for en del (få) sider på en enkel måte.  Jeg liker godt
6789 Skolelinux sin ideologi om at filteret skal trenes i hodet på eleven –
6790 men av og til skulle jeg ønske at f.eks Facebook og Youtube kunne vært
6791 koblet vekk en periode for å få bedre utnyttelse av tid og
6792 ressurser. Disse to nettstedene er nok mye av årsaken til at mange
6793 lærere holder igjen databruken noe mer enn man kunne ønske.</p>
6794
6795 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6796
6797 Jeg benytter nesten bare fri programvare til daglig. LibreOffice,
6798 Iceweasel (Firefox), Thunderbird til e-post og Gimp til
6799 bildebehandling.  Vi har PHP-Nuke-oppsatt hjemmeside. Det eneste som
6800 jeg ikke har fått helt til enda er videoredigering - her må man vel
6801 innrømme at Mac er hakket over, men da er vi igjen over på å se hva
6802 som egner seg best, og ta valg ut fra det. Folk flest lever i
6803 villfarelsen om at regneark HETER Excel og tekstbehandling HETER
6804 Word. Dette er en misforståelse som jeg bruker mye energi på å
6805 diskutere og "åpne sinn" på Microsoft-slaver.  Dessverre er det mange
6806 IKT-ansvarlige som også har låst seg på at det eneste saliggjørende er
6807 Bill G sine produkter.
6808
6809 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6810 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6811
6812 <p>For å komme lenger i utbredelsen av Skolelinux tror jeg det må mer
6813 fram i nasjonale medier, samt komme bedre fram hva økonomien i dette
6814 valget vil være – samt mulighetene. Fri programvare er en berikelse og
6815 gjør oss i stand til å utføre arbeidet i skolen uten å måtte legge
6816 igjen tusener på tusener i Bill Gates lomme.. Få ETT nettsted med
6817 forståelig veiledning av installasjon/oppgradering og ETT forum med
6818 konkrete feilrettinger og problemer, så tror jeg vi kunne kommet et
6819 par skritt framover. Ellers tror jeg bare at ildsjelene må fortsette å
6820 skinne – kanskje flere enn oss følger etter på veien.</p>
6821
6822       </div>
6823       <div class="tags">
6824
6825
6826         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6827
6828
6829       </div>
6830     </div>
6831     <div class="padding"></div>
6832
6833     <div class="entry">
6834       <div class="title">
6835         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_screencast__Checking_email_with_kmail_using_Kerberos_authentication.html">Debian Edu screencast: Checking email with kmail using Kerberos authentication</a>
6836       </div>
6837       <div class="date">
6838         25th March 2012
6839       </div>
6840       <div class="body">
6841         <!-- Video HTML based on http://www.diveintohtml5.net/video.html -->
6842
6843 <p>The same Debian Edu developer that did the last screen cast I
6844 published, Wolfgang Schweer, has created a new screen cast showing how
6845 to set up Kmail in Debian Edu Squeze to authenticate using Kerberos,
6846 allowing users to check their local email account without providing
6847 any password. The video is embedded here in quarter size,
6848 and also available from <a href="https://vimeo.com/38601767">vimeo</a>
6849 and download as a
6850 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv">Ogg
6851 Theora</a> file.  Check it out below.</p>
6852
6853 <p><video id="kmail-kerberos-movie" width="256" height="184" preload controls>
6854   <source src="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv" type='video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"' />
6855     <p>Download video as
6856       <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv">Ogg</a>.</p>
6857 </video></p>
6858
6859       </div>
6860       <div class="tags">
6861
6862
6863         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6864
6865
6866       </div>
6867     </div>
6868     <div class="padding"></div>
6869
6870     <div class="entry">
6871       <div class="title">
6872         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html">Større PC-tetthet i skolen med Skolelinux?</a>
6873       </div>
6874       <div class="date">
6875         19th March 2012
6876       </div>
6877       <div class="body">
6878         <p>Den siste uka har det vært en del skriverier om hvor store
6879 forskjeller det er mellom skolene når det gjelder digital kompetanse.
6880 Et eksempel er
6881 <a href="http://www.digi.no/891660/bekymret-for-it-i-skolen">oppslaget
6882 i Digi</a>.  Diskusjonen fikk meg til å bli litt nysgjerrig på om
6883 Linux-skoler har større PC-tettet enn snittet i landet.  Grunnlaget
6884 for diskusjonen har vært undersøkelsen
6885 <a href="https://iktsenteret.no/ressurser/monitor-2011-skolens-digitale-tilstand">Monitor
6886 2011</a>, som bruker informasjon fra
6887 <a href="https://www.wis.no/gsi">Grunnskolens Informasjonssystem</a>
6888 (GSI).  GSI-data kan lastes ned fra web og jeg lastet ned en Excel-fil
6889 (intet åpen standard-valg tilgjengelig) med navn på alle skoler,
6890 hvilke kommune de befinner seg i og hvor mange elever pr. elev-PC de
6891 har rapportert inn.  For å få en ide om svaret trenger jeg deretter å
6892 vite hvilke skoler i landet som bruker Linux, slik at jeg kan slå dem
6893 opp i GSI og finne ut hvor stor PC-tetthet de har.</p>
6894
6895 <p>Jeg vet om skoler i Balsfjord, Flora, Harstad, Kongsvinger, Narvik,
6896 Nittedal, Nord-Odal, Randaberg og Sunndal som bruker Skolelinux eller
6897 andre Linux-varianter.  Jeg tror det er flere enn de 56 skolene jeg
6898 har klart å identifisere de siste dagene, men har ikke klart å få det
6899 bekreftet med offentlige kilder.</p>
6900
6901 <p>Monitor 2011-rapporteres side 95 forteller at det "ifølge GSI
6902 (20120-2011) er det 3,11 elever per datamaskin når vi tar med alle
6903 grunnskoler (1.-10.trinn)".  For de 56 Linux-skolene jeg har klart å
6904 koble mot informasjon i GSI er det 2,28 elever per elevdatamaskin,
6905 hvilket betyr at det er 36% høyere PC-tetthet på Linux-skoler enn
6906 landsgjennomsnittet.  Linux-skolen med høyest tettet blant de jeg har
6907 notert -skole er Flora ungdomsskule i Flora kommune med 0.82 elev
6908 pr. PC (482 elever, 588 elevdatamaskiner).</p>
6909
6910 <p>Skolelinux gir datamaskiner lengre levetid, og en kan dermed få
6911 flere operative datamaskiner for samme budsjett, i tillegg til en
6912 rekke andre fordeler.  Kan det være forklaringen på forskjellen?</p>
6913
6914 <p>Tallene må tas med en liten klype, da GSI ser ut til å ha endel
6915 feilføringer.  Jeg synes i hvert fall en skole med 423 elever og 9
6916 elevmaskiner ser mistenkelig ut.  Eller en skole med 346 elever, 0
6917 elevmaskiner, som er et annet ekstremt eksempel jeg fant.</p>
6918
6919 <p>Takk til Sturle Sunde, Klaus Ade Johnstad, Ole-Anders Andreassen og
6920 Trond Mæhlum for innspill om skoler med Linux.</p>
6921
6922       </div>
6923       <div class="tags">
6924
6925
6926         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6927
6928
6929       </div>
6930     </div>
6931     <div class="padding"></div>
6932
6933     <div class="entry">
6934       <div class="title">
6935         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__John_Ingleby.html">Debian Edu interview: John Ingleby</a>
6936       </div>
6937       <div class="date">
6938         19th March 2012
6939       </div>
6940       <div class="body">
6941         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
6942 users are spread all across the globe.  The second inteview after
6943 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">the
6944 Squeeze release</a> was publised is with John Ingleby, a teacher and
6945 long time Linux user in United Kingdom.</p>
6946
6947 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
6948
6949 <p>I teach ICT part time at the Rudolf Steiner School in Kings
6950 Langley, near London, UK. Previously I worked as a technical
6951 author/trainer while my children attended the school, and I also
6952 contributed to the Schoolforge UK community with the aim of
6953 encouraging UK schools to adopt free/open source software. Five or six
6954 years ago we had about 50 schools interested in some way, but we
6955 weren't able to convert many of them into sustainable
6956 installations.</p>
6957
6958 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
6959 project?</strong></p>
6960
6961 <p>Skolelinux had two representatives at an early Edubuntu meeting in
6962 London which I attended. However at that time our school network had
6963 just been installed using CentOS, LTSP 4 and GNOME. When LTSP 5 came
6964 along we switched to Edubuntu thin client servers so now we have a
6965 mixed environment which includes Windows PCs and student laptops, as
6966 well as their MacBooks and iPads. However, the proprietary systems
6967 have always been rather problematic, and we never built a GUI for the
6968 LDAP server, so when I discovered Skolelinux is configured for all
6969 these things we decided to try it.</p>
6970
6971 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6972 Edu?</strong></p>
6973
6974 <p>By far the biggest advantage is the Debian Edu community. Apart
6975 from that I have always believed in the same "sustainable computing"
6976 goals that Skolelinux is built on: installing Linux on computers which
6977 would otherwise be thrown away, to provide a reliable, secure and
6978 low-cost IT environment for schools. From my own experience I know
6979 that a part-time person can teach and manage a network of about 25
6980 Linux computers, but it would take much more of my time if we had
6981 proprietary software everywhere.</p>
6982
6983 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6984 Edu?</strong></p>
6985
6986 <p>As a newcomer I'm just finding out who's who in the community and
6987 how you're organised, and what your procedures are for dealing with
6988 various things such as editing manual pages and so-on. The only
6989 English language mailing list seems to be for developers as well as
6990 users, so my inbox needs heavy pruning each day!</p>
6991
6992 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
6993
6994 <p>Besides the software already mentioned at school we use Samba,
6995 OpenLDAP, CUPS, Nagios and Dansguardian for the network, and on the
6996 desktops we have LibreOffice, Firefox, GIMP and Inkscape. At home I
6997 use Ubuntu and an Android 4 eePad Transformer (but I'm not sure if
6998 that counts...)</p>
6999
7000 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
7001 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
7002
7003 <p>That's a tough question! For very many years UK schools installed
7004 and taught only proprietary software, so that at the highest levels
7005 the notion of "computer" means simply "proprietary office
7006 applications".  However, schools today are experiencing budget
7007 constraints, and many are having to think hard about upgrading Windows
7008 XP.  At the same time, we have students showing teachers how to use
7009 iPads, MacBooks and Android, so the choice of operating system is no
7010 longer quite so automatic. What is more, our government at last
7011 realised that we need people with programming skills, so they're
7012 putting coding back in the curriculum! And it's encouraging that the
7013 first 10,000 Raspberry Pi units sold out in 2 hours.</p>
7014
7015 <p>I don't really know what strategy is going to get UK schools to use
7016 free software, but building an active community of Skolelinux/Debian
7017 Edu users in this country has to be part of it.</p>
7018
7019       </div>
7020       <div class="tags">
7021
7022
7023         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
7024
7025
7026       </div>
7027     </div>
7028     <div class="padding"></div>
7029
7030     <div class="entry">
7031       <div class="title">
7032         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Writing_and_translating_documentation_in_Debian_Edu.html">Writing and translating documentation in Debian Edu</a>
7033       </div>
7034       <div class="date">
7035         16th March 2012
7036       </div>
7037       <div class="body">
7038         <p>Documentation in Debian Edu is provided in several languages, and
7039 it is important to make it both easy to contribute and to keep the
7040 translated versions in sync.  To do this we have come up with what we
7041 believe is a very efficient work flow.</p>
7042
7043 <ol>
7044
7045 <li>The documentation is written in a
7046 <a href="http://moinmo.in">moinmoin wiki</a> (see for example
7047 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">the
7048 Squeeze release manual</a>) with support for exporting the content as
7049 docbook XML.</li>
7050
7051 <li>This docbook document is given to po4a to extract a gettext style
7052 .pot file with the content, which in turn is used to create .po files
7053 with the translated text.</li>
7054
7055 <li>The .po files are given to translators, and they can always tell
7056 which part of the original wiki document is new or changed.  They can
7057 use their normal translation tools like lokalize or poedit to write
7058 the translation.  There is even a system in place to handle translated
7059 images.</li>
7060
7061 <li>The translated .po files are combined with the original docbook
7062 XML document using po4a to create a translated docbook document.</li>
7063
7064 <li>The final step is to use all the generated docbook files and
7065 create PDF and HTML version of the original and translated documents.</li>
7066
7067 </ol>
7068
7069 <p>This setup work very well, but have a few issues.  The biggest
7070 issue is that <a href="http://moinmo.in/DocBook">the docbook support
7071 we use in moinmoin</a> is not actively maintained.  The docbook
7072 support is also buggy, and our build system contain workarounds to
7073 make sure the generated docbook is usable despite these bugs.</p>
7074
7075 <p>If you want to have a look at our setup, it is all there in the
7076 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/debian-edu-doc">debian-edu-doc
7077 package</a>.</p>
7078
7079       </div>
7080       <div class="tags">
7081
7082
7083         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7084
7085
7086       </div>
7087     </div>
7088     <div class="padding"></div>
7089
7090     <div class="entry">
7091       <div class="title">
7092         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/NUUG_presentasjon__Skolelinux___ferdig_oppsatt_skolenettl_sning.html">NUUG-presentasjon: Skolelinux - ferdig oppsatt skolenettløsning</a>
7093       </div>
7094       <div class="date">
7095         13th March 2012
7096       </div>
7097       <div class="body">
7098         <p>I dag presenterte jeg ny versjon av Skolelinux for NUUGs medlemmer.
7099 <a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/mypapers/20120313-skolelinux-squeeze.html">Lysark</a>
7100 er tilgjengelige allerede og
7101 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20120313-skolelinux/">video-opptak</a>
7102 kommer så snart videogruppa til NUUG får publisert den.  Jeg kom på
7103 endel punkter om nye ting i Squeeze-utgaven under veis som jeg burde
7104 hatt med, og har sikkert skrevet noe tull på lysarkene som jeg ennå
7105 ikke har oppdaget.  Denne presentasjonen ble smurt ihop på veldig kort
7106 tid, og jeg rakk ikke finpusse den.  Håper den kan være lærerik
7107 likevel.</p>
7108
7109       </div>
7110       <div class="tags">
7111
7112
7113         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
7114
7115
7116       </div>
7117     </div>
7118     <div class="padding"></div>
7119
7120     <div class="entry">
7121       <div class="title">
7122         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__K_re_Nordby.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Kåre Nordby</a>
7123       </div>
7124       <div class="date">
7125         12th March 2012
7126       </div>
7127       <div class="body">
7128         <p>Første ut i serien med intervjuer av folk i
7129 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet etter at
7130 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">ny
7131 versjon av Skolelinux</a> ble lansert i helga, er nylig valgte
7132 styremedlem i foreningen
7133 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
7134 Skolen</a> (FRiSK) som organiserer
7135 Skolelinux-utviklingen og daglig leder i
7136 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a>, selskapet
7137 prosjektet opprettet som et tilbud til skoler som ønsket en
7138 kommersiell samarbeidsparter.  Det bør nevnes at jeg er styremedlem i
7139 Skolelinux Drift AS og styreleder i selskapets hovedeier stiftelsen
7140 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/">SLX Debian Labs</a>
7141 som beskytter verdiene til Skolelinux-prosjektet, og kjenner Kåre den
7142 veien.</p>
7143
7144 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7145
7146 <p>Jeg har siden januar 2010 vært daglig leder i Skolelinux Drift AS,
7147 som leverer support, installasjon, tilpasning, drift, og opplæring på
7148 Debian Edu / Skolelinux. Fra 2012 er jeg valgt inn som styremedlem i
7149 FRiSK.  Min forrige jobb var som KAM i Redpill Linpro (som er en av
7150 eierne i Skolelinux Drift).  Før det var jeg daglig leder i et eget 7
7151 manns konsulent selskap som også startet med fri programvare mot
7152 slutten.</p>
7153
7154 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7155
7156 <p>Jeg hørte om det først når jeg jobbet i Redpill Linpro.  Men jeg
7157 har også en datter som går på en friskole, som også bruker Skolelinux.
7158 Som kjent har ikke friskoler de samme økonomiske rammebetingelsene som
7159 offentlige skoler, så for dem var det det absolutt beste alternativet.
7160 De anser også Skolelinux som et stabilt system, som bare går og går (i
7161 motsetning til det lille Windows-baserte nettverket de har på
7162 admin-siden).</p>
7163
7164 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7165
7166 <p>Sentralisert drift av tynne og diskløse arbeidsstasjoner. Således
7167 lydløse og raskere arbeidsstasjoner som er bedre i klasserommet.
7168 Lengre levetid på PC'er.  Store besparelser på maskinvare og drift. Og
7169 så klart fjerning av alle lisenskostnader. Personlig synes jeg også at
7170 mange av programmene er bedre enn alternativene. Men dette er ofte en
7171 smakssak og avhengig om man må ha det man er vant til fra før.</p>
7172
7173 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7174
7175 <p>For lite kjentskap til løsningen.  Noen ganger for dårlig
7176 kompatibilitet med arbeidsstasjoners/bærbare maskiner sine
7177 nettverksdrivere eller skjermkort. Men dette løser vi i skolene ved
7178 standardisering. Ellers er det få, om nesten ingen, av de kjente
7179 maskinvare / infrastruktur leverandørene til fylkes- / kommuner som
7180 tilbyr denne plattformen.  Skal dette endre seg så må kommunene selv
7181 sette slike krav til leverandørene.</p>
7182
7183 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7184
7185 <p>Har brukt OpenOffice.org siden starten (2001 ?), Kun Linux på
7186 desktop siden 2005. Bruker i dag Kubuntu, Libreoffice og ymse annet
7187 programvare til ulik kontorbruk som er lett å installere / teste via
7188 alle programarkivene som finnes.</p>
7189
7190 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7191 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7192
7193 <p>Fortsette å presentere flere av de gode eksemplene hvor Debian Edu
7194 / Skolelinux brukes i kommuner og enkeltskoler.  Vi må få bedre frem
7195 at det er mulig tilknytte både Windows og Mac klienter på denne
7196 plattformen (selv om det vil øke driftskostnadene).  Dette gjøres
7197 mange steder.  Spesielt er det mange lærere som ønsker å bruke
7198 Windows/Mac-bærbare, gjerne som sin private PC også. Det er også mulig
7199 for kommunen å integrere med Active Directory i stedet for OpenLDAP
7200 som kommer med ut av boksen (selv om også dette øker kostnadene).
7201 Dette vil muligens bidra til å fjerne noe motstand hos noen
7202 potensielle brukere / driftpersonell for å ta i bruk noe
7203 nytt. Fremveksten av mobile brukere og nettbrett går i vår favør.
7204 Brukerne blir kjent og vant til flere nye operativsystemer /
7205 brukergrensesnitt. Så utviklerfellesskapet bør jobbe videre med å
7206 integrere flere nye klienttyper, som ultra lav-kostklienter og
7207 nettbrett (blant annet fri programvare-alternativet
7208 <a href="http://makeplaylive.com/">Spark</a> med
7209 <a href="http://www.merproject.org/">Mer OS</a> og
7210 <a href="http://plasma-active.org/">KDE Active Plasma</a>).</p>
7211
7212       </div>
7213       <div class="tags">
7214
7215
7216         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7217
7218
7219       </div>
7220     </div>
7221     <div class="padding"></div>
7222
7223     <div class="entry">
7224       <div class="title">
7225         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_Squeeze_is_out_.html">Skolelinux / Debian Edu Squeeze is out!</a>
7226       </div>
7227       <div class="date">
7228         11th March 2012
7229       </div>
7230       <div class="body">
7231         <p>This weekend we finally published the first stable release of
7232 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a> based
7233 on Debian/Squeeze.  The full announcement is
7234 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">available</a>
7235 from the project announcement list.  Now is a good time to test if it
7236 you have not done so already.</p>
7237
7238 <p>I plan to present the new version at
7239 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20120313-skolelinux/">a NUUG
7240 meeting</a> on tuesday.  I look forward to seeing you there if you are
7241 in Oslo, Norway.</p>
7242
7243       </div>
7244       <div class="tags">
7245
7246
7247         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7248
7249
7250       </div>
7251     </div>
7252     <div class="padding"></div>
7253
7254     <div class="entry">
7255       <div class="title">
7256         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Nigel_Barker.html">Debian Edu interview: Nigel Barker</a>
7257       </div>
7258       <div class="date">
7259          9th March 2012
7260       </div>
7261       <div class="body">
7262         <p>Inspired by <a href="http://raphaelhertzog.com/tag/interview/">the
7263 interview series</a> conducted by Raphael, I started a Norwegian
7264 interview series with people involved in the Debian Edu / Skolelinux
7265 community.  This was so popular that I believe it is time to move to a
7266 more international audience.</p>
7267
7268 <p>While <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
7269 Skolelinux</a> originated in France and Norway, and have most users in
7270 Europe, there are users all around the globe.  One of those far away
7271 from me is Nigel Barker, a long time Debian Edu system administrator
7272 and contributor.  It is thanks to him that Debian Edu is adjusted to
7273 work out of the box in Japan.  I got him to answer a few questions,
7274 and am happy to share the response with you. :)
7275
7276
7277 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
7278
7279 <p>My name is Nigel Barker, and I am British. I am married to Yumiko,
7280 and we have three lovely children, aged 15, 14 and 4(!) I am the IT
7281 Coordinator at Hiroshima International School, Japan. I am also a
7282 teacher, and in fact I spend most of my day teaching Mathematics,
7283 Science, IT, and Chemistry. I was originally a Chemistry teacher, but
7284 I have always had an interest in computers. Another teacher teaches
7285 primary school IT, but apart from that I am the only computer person,
7286 so that means I am the network manager, technician and webmaster,
7287 also, and I help people with their computer problems. I teach python
7288 to beginners in an after-school club. I am way too busy, so I really
7289 appreciate the simplicity of Skolelinux.</p>
7290
7291 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
7292 project?</strong></p>
7293
7294 <p>In around 2004 or 5 I discovered the ltsp project, and set up a
7295 server in the IT lab. I wanted some way to connect it to our central
7296 samba server, which I was also quite poor at configuring. I discovered
7297 Edubuntu when it came out, but it didn't really improve my setup. I
7298 did various desperate searches for things like "school Linux server"
7299 and ended up in a document called "Drift" something or other. Reading
7300 there it became clear that Skolelinux was going to solve all my
7301 problems in one go. I was very excited, but apprehensive, because my
7302 previous attempts to install Debian had ended in failure (I used
7303 Mandrake for everything - ltsp, samba, apache, mail, ns...). I
7304 downloaded a beta version, had some problems, so subscribed to the
7305 Debian Edu list for help. I have remained subscribed ever since, and
7306 my school has run a Skolelinux network since Sarge.</p>
7307
7308 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
7309 Edu?</strong></p>
7310
7311 <p>For me the integrated setup. This is not just the server, or the
7312 workstation, or the ltsp. Its all of them, and its all configured
7313 ready to go. I read somewhere in the early documentation that it is
7314 designed to be setup and managed by the Maths or Science teacher, who
7315 doesn't necessarily know much about computers, in a small Norwegian
7316 school. That describes me perfectly if you replace Norway with
7317 Japan.</p>
7318
7319 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
7320 Edu?</strong></p>
7321
7322 <p>The desktop is fairly plain. If you compare it with Edubuntu, who
7323 have fun themes for children, or with distributions such as Mint, who
7324 make the desktop beautiful. They create a good impression on people
7325 who don't need to understand how to use any of it, but who might be
7326 important to the school. School administrators or directors, for
7327 instance, or parents. Even kids. Debian itself usually has ugly
7328 default theme settings. It was my dream a few years back that some
7329 kind of integration would allow Edubuntu to do the desktop stuff and
7330 Debian Edu the servers, but now I realise how impossible that is.  A
7331 second disadvantage is that if something goes wrong, or you need to
7332 customise something, then suddenly the level of expertise required
7333 multiplies. For example, backup wasn't working properly in Lenny. It
7334 took me ages to learn how to set up my own server to do rsync backups.
7335 I am afraid of anything to do with ldap, but perhaps Gosa will
7336 help.</p>
7337
7338 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
7339
7340 <p>Nowadays I only use Debian on my personal computers. I have one for
7341 studio work (I play guitar and write songs), running AV Linux
7342 (customised Debian) a netbook running Squeeze, and a bigger laptop
7343 still running Skolelinux Lenny workstation. I have a Tjener in my
7344 house, that's very useful for the family photos and music.  At school
7345 the students only use Skolelinux. (Some teachers and the office still
7346 have windows). So that means we only use free software all day every
7347 day. Open office, The GIMP, Firefox/Iceweasel, VLC and Audacity are
7348 installed on every computer in school, irrespective of OS.  We also
7349 have Koha on Debian for the library, and Apache, Moodle, b2evolution
7350 and Etomite on Debian for the www. The firewall is Untangle.</p>
7351
7352 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
7353 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
7354
7355 <p>Current trends are in our favour. Open source is big in industry,
7356 and ordinary people have heard of it. The spread of Android and the
7357 popularity of Apple have helped to weaken the impression that you have
7358 to have Microsoft on everything. People complain to me much less about
7359 file formats and Word than they did 5 years ago.  The Edu aspect is
7360 also a selling point. This is all customised for schools. Where is the
7361 Windows-edu, or the Mac-edu?  But of course the main attraction is
7362 budget.The trick is to convince people that the quality is not
7363 compromised when you stop paying and use free software instead. That
7364 is one reason why I say the desktop experience is a weakness. People
7365 are not impressed when their USB drive doesn't work, or their browser
7366 doesn't play flash, for example.</p>
7367
7368       </div>
7369       <div class="tags">
7370
7371
7372         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
7373
7374
7375       </div>
7376     </div>
7377     <div class="padding"></div>
7378
7379     <div class="entry">
7380       <div class="title">
7381         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_screencast__Mass_creation_of_user_accounts_in_Squeeze.html">Debian Edu screencast: Mass creation of user accounts in Squeeze</a>
7382       </div>
7383       <div class="date">
7384          7th March 2012
7385       </div>
7386       <div class="body">
7387         <!-- Video HTML based on http://www.diveintohtml5.net/video.html -->
7388
7389 <p>One of the Debian Edu developers, Wolfgang Schweer, just created a
7390 screen cast documenting how to create a lot of new users in LDAP on
7391 Debian Edu Squeeze.  The video is embedded here in quarter size, and
7392 also available from <a href="http://vimeo.com/37675399">vimeo</a> and
7393 download as a
7394 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv">Ogg
7395 Theora</a> file.  Check it out below.</p>
7396
7397 <p><video id="gosa-mass-user-create-movie" width="256" height="184" preload controls>
7398   <source src="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv" type='video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"' />
7399     <p>Download video as
7400       <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv">Ogg</a>.</p>
7401 </video></p>
7402
7403       </div>
7404       <div class="tags">
7405
7406
7407         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7408
7409
7410       </div>
7411     </div>
7412     <div class="padding"></div>
7413
7414     <div class="entry">
7415       <div class="title">
7416         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Third release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
7417       </div>
7418       <div class="date">
7419          4th March 2012
7420       </div>
7421       <div class="body">
7422         <p>This weekend we wrapped up and published the third release
7423 candidate for <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
7424 Skolelinux</a> based on Squeeze.  The full announcement is
7425 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00000.html">available</a>
7426 from the project announcement list.  Check it out if you
7427 need a software solution for your school.</p>
7428
7429       </div>
7430       <div class="tags">
7431
7432
7433         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7434
7435
7436       </div>
7437     </div>
7438     <div class="padding"></div>
7439
7440     <div class="entry">
7441       <div class="title">
7442         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Stopmotion_for_making_stop_motion_animations_on_Linux___reloaded.html">Stopmotion for making stop motion animations on Linux - reloaded</a>
7443       </div>
7444       <div class="date">
7445          3rd March 2012
7446       </div>
7447       <div class="body">
7448         <p>Many years ago, the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux
7449 / Debian Edu project</a> initiated a student project to create a tool
7450 for making stop motion movies.  The proposal came from a teacher
7451 needing such tool on Skolelinux.  The project, called "stopmotion",
7452 was manned by two extraordinary students and won a school award and a
7453 national aware with this great project.  The project was initiated and
7454 mentored by Herman Robak, and manned by the students Bjørn Erik Nilsen
7455 and Fredrik Berg Kjølstad.  They got in touch with people at Aardman
7456 Animation studio and received feedback on how professionals would like
7457 such stopmotion tool to work, and the end result was and is used by
7458 animators around the globe.  But as is usual after studying, both got
7459 jobs and went elsewhere, and did not have time to properly tend to the
7460 project, and it has been lingering for a few years now.  Until last
7461 year...</p>
7462
7463 <p>Last year some of the users got together with Herman, and moved the
7464 project to Sourceforge and in effect restarted the project under a new
7465 name,
7466 <a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/linuxstopmotion/">linuxstopmotion</a>.
7467 The name change was done to make it possible to find the project using
7468 Internet search engines (try to search for 'stopmotion' to see what I
7469 mean). I've been following
7470 <a href="https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/linuxstopmotion-community">the
7471 mailing list</a> and the improvement already in place and planned for
7472 the future is encouraging.  If you want to make stop motion movies.
7473 Check it out. :)</p>
7474
7475       </div>
7476       <div class="tags">
7477
7478
7479         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
7480
7481
7482       </div>
7483     </div>
7484     <div class="padding"></div>
7485
7486     <div class="entry">
7487       <div class="title">
7488         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Frode_Danielsen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Frode Danielsen</a>
7489       </div>
7490       <div class="date">
7491         27th February 2012
7492       </div>
7493       <div class="body">
7494         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
7495 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet møter vi
7496 denne gangen Frode Danielsen, som er leder for en IT-virksomhet som
7497 passer på IT-løsningen til flere kommuner i Hedmark-området, der noen
7498 av dem bruker Skolelinux i dag.</p>
7499
7500 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7501
7502 <p>Daglig leder i <a href="http://www.hedmarken-ikt.no/">Hedmark
7503 IKT</a>. En interkommunal IKT-virksomhet for Stange, Nord-Odal,
7504 Kongsvinger, Grue, Løten og Hamar kommuner. Vi er 32 ansatte</p>
7505
7506 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7507
7508 <p>Vi har vært i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet i flere
7509 sammenhenger, blant annet gjennom et par piloter som ikke har ført til
7510 noe konkret resultat.  Nå sist gjennom satsingen på skolelinux i Grue,
7511 Kongsvinger og Nord-Odal.</p>
7512
7513 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong>
7514 <br><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7515
7516 <p>Jeg tror alle løsninger har fordeler og ulemper, litt avhengig av
7517 hvilket ståsted du selv har, så jeg unnlater å svare på dette.</p>
7518
7519 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7520
7521 <p>Ingen for min egen del, men vi har noe fri programvare i våre
7522 løsninger.</p>
7523
7524 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7525 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7526
7527 <p>Jeg tror ikke man skal ha en slik strategi.  Man bør ha en strategi
7528 basert på å løse fremtidige behov, og velge løsninger som støtter opp
7529 under dette.</p>
7530
7531       </div>
7532       <div class="tags">
7533
7534
7535         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7536
7537
7538       </div>
7539     </div>
7540     <div class="padding"></div>
7541
7542     <div class="entry">
7543       <div class="title">
7544         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Second release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
7545       </div>
7546       <div class="date">
7547         27th February 2012
7548       </div>
7549       <div class="body">
7550         <p>This weekend we wrapped up and published the second release
7551 candidate for <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
7552 Skolelinux</a> based on Squeeze.  The full announcement did for some
7553 reason not make it the project announcement list, but is
7554 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-devel-announce/2012/02/msg00015.html">available</a>
7555 from the Debian development announcement list.  Check it out if you
7556 need a software solution for your school.</p>
7557
7558       </div>
7559       <div class="tags">
7560
7561
7562         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7563
7564
7565       </div>
7566     </div>
7567     <div class="padding"></div>
7568
7569     <div class="entry">
7570       <div class="title">
7571         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Knut_Yrvin.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Knut Yrvin</a>
7572       </div>
7573       <div class="date">
7574         21st February 2012
7575       </div>
7576       <div class="body">
7577         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
7578 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi nå
7579 høre fra nyvalgt leder i foreningen
7580 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
7581 Skolen</a> og en av stifterne av Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
7582
7583 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7584
7585 <p>Knut Yrvin her. Jobber i Nokia med å fremme rammeverket Qt og QML
7586 med tilhørende utviklerverktøy. Rollen er som leder av
7587 friprog-samfunn. I fjor var jeg med å legge om utviklingen av Qt til
7588 åpen forvaltning.  På den måten kan alle som bidrar til Qt gjøre det
7589 på like vilkår.  Nå er det
7590 <a href="http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2011/12/22/qt-5-%E2%80%93-a-look-back-at-the-numbers/">over
7591 1000 utviklere</a> som bidrar til Qt. Med overgangen til åpen
7592 forvaltning er utviklingen av Qt mer åpen enn Linux-kjernen.</p>
7593
7594 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7595
7596 <p>Jeg var en av initiativtagerne til Skolelinux i 2001. Skolene slet
7597 med både utstyr og Internett-tilgang. De klarte ikke å møte
7598 forventningene til data i skolen. Driften av PC-ene var uholdbar. Som
7599 regel hadde rektor pekt ut en ivrig lærer til å passe på PC-ene,
7600 gjerne naturfaglæreren. Mange lærere jobbet mye ubetalt overtid for å
7601 vedlikeholde 30-40 datamaskiner på hver sin skole. Med 300 elever og
7602 lærere som brukere, blir det fort mye mer arbeid enn de 4-8 timene de
7603 kunne bruke på PC-drift. Skolene hadde kun en femtedel av
7604 IT-budsjettet som ble brukt på PC-ene i rådhuset.</p>
7605
7606 <p>Vi erfarte at skolene hadde mye datautstyr som stod ubrukt. Skolene
7607 manglet penger til Microsoft-lisenser. Selv med solide skolerabatter,
7608 kostet Microsoft-lisensene gjerne like mye som PC-ene i seg selv over
7609 en periode på 5-6 år.</p>
7610
7611 <p>Viktigheten av språklig mangfold og pedagogiske programmer var også
7612 viktig for oss. Vi oversatte mange skoleaktuelle programmer til
7613 nynorsk, nordsamisk og bokmål. Dette lenge før andre tok denne
7614 oppgaven seriøst.  Allerede etter ett år hadde vi etablert et helt
7615 arsenal av skoleaktuelle programmer på nynorsk, bokmål og
7616 nordsamisk. Vi spredde vår ide om språklig mangfold til de andre frie
7617 prosjekter internasjonalt. Resultatene ser vi i mange land. Det er de
7618 frie programmene som kommer på brukernes morsmål. Det er en av flere
7619 gode grunner til at fri programvare som LibreOffice, VLC, KDE og
7620 Firefox konkurrerer ut godseid programvare mange steder i verden.</p>
7621
7622 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7623
7624 <p>Fordelene er at Skolelinux tilbyr over 100 skoleaktuelle programmer
7625 på de norske språkene, uten ett øre i lisenskostnader. Systemet gir
7626 enormt lave driftskostnader med diskløse arbeidsstasjoner og bærbare
7627 med roaming.  Skolelinux krever også mindre av maskinvaren.</p>
7628
7629 <p>Man kan fint kjøre systemet med 512 MB RAM på en bærbar PC sammen
7630 med en nettvideo i nettleseren og en presentasjon med
7631 LibreOffice. Konkurrerende system krever fort 2 GB RAM for å få til
7632 noe tilsvarende uten at det går ufattelig tregt. Skal man gjøre noe
7633 nyttig, krever konkurrentene til Linux mye større harddisk. Skoler har
7634 rapportert at de fort har fått 50% flere nye maskiner om de velger
7635 Linux. Dette i tillegg til de årlige besparelsene ved å unngå
7636 lisensbetaling til godseid programvare.</p>
7637
7638 <p>De lave driftskostnadene gjør at delstater i Europa har titusener
7639 av datamaskiner med Skolelinux i skolen. F.eks. er det under ti
7640 personer som drifter 70.000 PC-systemer i skolene i Extremadura i
7641 Spania. Det er slett ikke uvanlig at norske kommuner har 1500-2000
7642 datamaskiner med Skolelinux.  Driften tar ett årsverk. Slår flere
7643 kommuner seg sammen, kan de få samme sentraliserte stordriftsfordeler
7644 som delstater i Tyskland og Spania.  Delstater som kjører Skolelinux
7645 på alle skolene. Bare noen få personer sentraldrifter titusenvis av
7646 PC-er.</p>
7647
7648 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7649
7650 <p>Den største ulempen for Skolelinux er motstand mot Linux fra
7651 IT-sjefer i det offentlige. Dette er ledere som holder innlegg som
7652 snytt ut av evangelist-håndboka til Microsoft. Dette gjøres i ett
7653 arbeidsmarked med stor vekst i etterspørselen etter Linux-fagfolk i
7654 privat sektor.  Etterspørselen har økt mer enn noe annet tekniske yrke
7655 siste tiåret.  Åtte av ti ledere vil ansette Linux-fagfolk i 2012,
7656 rapporterer jobbnettstedet Dice.com på oppdrag av Linux
7657 Foundation.</p>
7658
7659 <p>Det mangler 16.000 ingeniører og IKT-fagfolk i Norge rapporterte
7660 arbeids- og velferdsetaten NAV. Linux-fagfolk kan velge svært
7661 interessante jobber med alt fra apps på ledende mobilsystem laget med
7662 Linux, sky- tjenester eller web-applikasjoner. De raskest voksende
7663 teknologiselskapene i verden er ute etter Linux-fagfolk. Det være seg
7664 Amazon, Google, Facebook og IBM for å nevne noen. Linux er kritisk
7665 for å sikre veksten i markedet. Det sier seg selv at lønningene og
7666 jobbmulighetene er bedre enn for andre tekniske yrker.</p>
7667
7668 <p>Skal man lage apps for mobilen, smart-TV-en eller
7669 underholdningssystemet i bilen eller på flyet, er det Linux som
7670 gjelder. Med en slik konkurranse om Linux-kompetansen, kombinert med
7671 motstanden mot Linux hos mange IT-sjefer i offentlig sektor, så
7672 hindrer kommunene rekruttering av flere Linux- fagfolk. Skolene blir
7673 tvunget til å velge dyrere og mindre komplette IT-system. De har
7674 blitt hengende igjen slik IT var på begynnelsen av 2000- tallet. Dette
7675 fordi IT-ledere ikke har tilpasset seg markedet det siste tiåret.</p>
7676
7677 <p>Når det er sagt, er Skolelinux svært enkelt å lære seg også for de
7678 som ikke kan. Det viser alle lærerne som drifter systemet for
7679 hundrevis og tusenvis av systemer. Det meste er på plass rett ut av
7680 boksen. I tillegg er det solid med dokumentasjon med god hjelp på
7681 nettet. Det er mange kommuner som har ansatt en lærer som først lærte
7682 Skolelinux på sin skole, for så å drifte alle PC-ene i kommunen med
7683 Skolelinux. Det kan fort være snakk om 1000-3000 datamaskiner på 10-15
7684 skoler som sentraldriftes med en stilling.  Står man ordentlig fast,
7685 kan man også kjøpe profesjonell hjelp fra selskap som støtter
7686 Skolelinux. Det er flere slike selskap i Norge og i utlandet.</p>
7687
7688 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7689
7690 <p>Qt SDK, LibreOffice, Firefox, VLC og KDE-skrivebordet. Dette på et
7691 Debian-basert GNU/Linux-system. Jeg bruker også noen morsomme
7692 3D-spill. Idag kan jeg velge mellom over 30.000 Linux-programmer. Det
7693 finnes ikke tid i livet å undersøke alle valgmulighetene. Derfor er
7694 det bra med Skolelinux i skolen, da utvalget av programmer er
7695 begrenset til hva som er aktuelt i skolefagene.</p>
7696
7697 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7698 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7699
7700 <p>Vi må selge hele Skolelinux forhåndsinstallert på maskinvare i hele
7701 pakker med 50-100-1000 PC-klienter med servere. Dette kan selges til
7702 enkeltskoler eller hele kommuner. Pakken må inneholde tjenermaskiner,
7703 svært rimelige diskløse arbeidsstasjoner, nettbrett med Plasma Active,
7704 og bærbare med roaming. Alt er godt testet med Debian. I et slikt
7705 anbud er det mulig å legge til sentraliserte drifts- og
7706 støttetjenester.</p>
7707
7708 <p>Man bør også selge sky-tjenester som læreadministrative systemet
7709 Moodle og driftsovervåking. I tillegg så bør man slenge seg på med
7710 presentasjoner de gangene LibreOffice og andre friprog-produkter
7711 selges til kommuner.</p>
7712
7713       </div>
7714       <div class="tags">
7715
7716
7717         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7718
7719
7720       </div>
7721     </div>
7722     <div class="padding"></div>
7723
7724     <div class="entry">
7725       <div class="title">
7726         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">First release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
7727       </div>
7728       <div class="date">
7729         19th February 2012
7730       </div>
7731       <div class="body">
7732         <p>One week delayed due to DVD build problems, we managed today to
7733 wrap up and publish the first release candidate for
7734 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
7735 on Squeeze.  The full announcement is
7736 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/02/msg00001.html">available</a>
7737 on the project announcement list.  Check it out if you need a software
7738 solution for your school.</p>
7739
7740       </div>
7741       <div class="tags">
7742
7743
7744         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7745
7746
7747       </div>
7748     </div>
7749     <div class="padding"></div>
7750
7751     <div class="entry">
7752       <div class="title">
7753         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Olav_Dahlum.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Olav Dahlum</a>
7754       </div>
7755       <div class="date">
7756         18th February 2012
7757       </div>
7758       <div class="body">
7759         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
7760 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi nå
7761 høre fra et nyvalgt medlem i foreningen
7762 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
7763 Skolen</a>.</p>
7764
7765 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7766
7767 <p>Jeg heter Olav Dahlum, og er frilans oversetter, tester,
7768 prosjektleder og bruker av fri og åpen programvare som
7769 LibreOffice. Jeg er også et av styremedlemmene i FRISK.</p>
7770
7771 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7772
7773 <p>Jeg kom i kontakt med prosjektet i 2009, da jeg ble ansatt i
7774 stiftelsen Åpne kontorprogram på norsk for å oversette og teste den
7775 norske utgaven av OpenOffice.org. Arbeidet har hele tiden vært
7776 koordinert sammen med Skolelinux, og mange av de samme menneskene er
7777 involvert, så på den måten ble jeg en del av den utvidede
7778 familien.</p>
7779
7780 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7781
7782 <p>Skolelinux handler i likhet med utdanningssektoren om å dele
7783 kunnskap med andre, og det er dette som er hovedstyrken til
7784 prosjektet.  Selv om Skolelinux hovedsaklig er involvert i utvikling
7785 av programvare, er det også et sted der man kan utfolde seg uavhengig
7786 av bakgrunn og ferdigheter.</p>
7787
7788 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7789
7790 <p>Liten utbredelse og manglende støtte fra leverandører som leverer
7791 pedagogisk programvare til skolebruk.  Kunne kanskje hatt flere
7792 verktøy som letter administrasjonen ytterligere, slik at også mindre
7793 erfarne databrukere kan utføre lett vedlikehold og rutinejobber.</p>
7794
7795 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7796
7797 <p>Jeg er nesten forpliktet til å si at jeg bruker LibreOffice... Jeg
7798 bruker forøvrig frie og åpne operativsystemer basert på
7799 operativsystemkjernen Linux, for tiden openSUSE 12,1 med KDE4.  Men
7800 hvis jeg skal dra fram noen flere eksempler så er nok Mozilla Firefox
7801 og Thunderbird to av de jeg bruker mest. I tillegg er jeg en flittig
7802 bruker av OpenSSH, Irssi, Midnight Commander, Git, Subversion,
7803 Translation Toolkit og Super Maryo Chronicles (litt gøy skal man ha,
7804 og med to håndkontroller liggende er det ikke til å unngå).</p>
7805
7806 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7807 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7808
7809 <p>Vi må få leverandører av pedagogisk programvare med på laget, men
7810 også utvikle vår egen tilpasset det norske markedet.  Det er også
7811 mulig å involvere utdanningssektoren direkte i arbeidet, for eksempel
7812 gjennom studentprosjekter der elevene selv er med å utforme
7813 programvare direkte eller indirekte gjennom aktive bidrag.  Dette gjør
7814 ikke bare samarbeidet tettere, men fokuset på standarder og friheten
7815 til å velge sin egen løsning vil kanskje stimulere interessen for
7816 framtidig deltakelse i bransjen.  Vi som driver med fri og åpen
7817 programvare ønsker oss ikke rene konsumenter, men tenkende og
7818 selvstendige individer som kan være med å skape sin egen fremtid.</p>
7819
7820       </div>
7821       <div class="tags">
7822
7823
7824         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7825
7826
7827       </div>
7828     </div>
7829     <div class="padding"></div>
7830
7831     <div class="entry">
7832       <div class="title">
7833         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_proxy_configuration_with_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux.html">Automatic proxy configuration with Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
7834       </div>
7835       <div class="date">
7836         13th February 2012
7837       </div>
7838       <div class="body">
7839         <p>New in the Squeeze version of
7840 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> is the
7841 ability for clients to automatically configure their proxy settings
7842 based on their environment.  We want all systems on the client to use
7843 the WPAD based proxy definition fetched from <tt>http://wpad/wpad.dat</tt>, to
7844 allow sites to control the proxy setting from a central place and make
7845 sure clients do not have hard coded proxy settings.  The schools can
7846 change the global proxy setting by editing
7847 <tt>tjener:/etc/debian-edu/www/wpad.dat</tt> and the change propagate
7848 to all Debian Edu clients in the network.</p>
7849
7850 <p>The problem is that some systems do not understand the WPAD system.
7851 In other words, how do one get from a WPAD file like this (this is a
7852 simple one, they can run arbitrary code):</p>
7853
7854 <blockquote><pre>
7855 function FindProxyForURL(url, host)
7856 {
7857    if (!isResolvable(host) ||
7858        isPlainHostName(host) ||
7859        dnsDomainIs(host, ".intern"))
7860       return "DIRECT";
7861    else
7862       return "PROXY webcache:3128; DIRECT";
7863 }
7864 </pre></blockquote>
7865
7866 <p>to a proxy setting in the process environment looking like this:</p>
7867
7868 <blockquote><pre>
7869 http_proxy=http://webcache:3128/
7870 ftp_proxy=http://webcache:3128/
7871 </pre></blockquote>
7872
7873 <p>To do this conversion I developed a perl script that will execute
7874 the javascript fragment in the WPAD file and return the proxy that
7875 would be used for
7876 <tt><a href="http://www.debian.org/">http://www.debian.org/</a></tt>,
7877 and insert this extracted proxy URL in <tt>/etc/environment</tt> and
7878 <tt>/etc/apt/apt.conf</tt>.  The perl script wpad-extract work just
7879 fine in Squeeze, but in Wheezy the library it need to run the
7880 javascript code is <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/631045">no longer
7881 able to build</a> because the C library it depended on is now a C++
7882 library.  I hope someone find a solution to that problem before Wheezy
7883 is frozen.  An alternative would be for us to rewrite wpad-extract to
7884 use some other javascript library currently working in Wheezy, but no
7885 known alternative is known at the moment.</p>
7886
7887 <p>This automatic proxy system allow the roaming workstation (aka
7888 laptop) setup in Debian Edu/Squeeze to use the proxy when the laptop
7889 is connected to the backbone network in a Debian Edu setup, and to
7890 automatically use any proxy present and announced using the WPAD
7891 feature when it is connected to other networks.  And if no proxy is
7892 announced, direct connections will be used instead.</p>
7893
7894 <p>Silently using a proxy announced on the network might be a privacy
7895 or security problem.  But those controlling DHCP and DNS on a network
7896 could just as easily set up a transparent proxy, and force all HTTP
7897 and FTP connections to use a proxy anyway, so I consider that
7898 distinction to be academic.  If you are afraid of using the wrong
7899 proxy, you should avoid connecting to the network in question in the
7900 first place.  In Debian Edu, the proxy setup is updated using dhcp and
7901 ifupdown hooks, to make sure the configuration is updated every time
7902 the network setup changes.</p>
7903
7904 <p>The WPAD system is documented in a
7905 <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-wrec-wpad-01">IETF
7906 draft</a> and a
7907 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_Proxy_Autodiscovery_Protocol">Wikipedia
7908 page</a> for those that want to learn more.</p>
7909
7910       </div>
7911       <div class="tags">
7912
7913
7914         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7915
7916
7917       </div>
7918     </div>
7919     <div class="padding"></div>
7920
7921     <div class="entry">
7922       <div class="title">
7923         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Axel_Bojer.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Axel Bojer</a>
7924       </div>
7925       <div class="date">
7926          7th February 2012
7927       </div>
7928       <div class="body">
7929         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
7930 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet har jeg
7931 fått en av oversetterne som har vært med siden starten i tale.</p>
7932
7933 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7934
7935 <p>Jeg heter Axel Bojer og er datalærer, tysklærer, oversetter med
7936 mere.</p>
7937
7938 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7939
7940 <p>Tror jeg så en annonsering på nettet i slutten av 2001 og ville
7941 være med som oversetter.  Jeg kom med på en utviklersamling og
7942 prosjektet var da helt i starten.  Det var spennende å være med mens
7943 prosjektet vokste til og utviklet seg.</p>
7944
7945 <p>Jeg har «alltid» vært språkinteressert og hadde nettopp startet med
7946 Linux og tror jeg tenkte det passet å bidra.  Var også glad for å få
7947 en Debian-distribusjon, og ville gjerne bruke den selv.  Til å begynne
7948 med brukte jeg først Mandrake og så Debian. Og siden jeg oppdaget at
7949 det ikke var noen mulighet for å bruke den som enkeltstående i lang
7950 tid, så gikk jeg etterhvert over til Kubuntu</p>
7951
7952 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7953
7954 <p>Løsningen er forholdsvis lett å sette opp, gratis, fri programvare
7955 og gjør det mulig å gjenbruke eldre maskiner.  Det fine med Debian er
7956 at det er stabilt og har en veldig stor mengde programmer. Jeg liker
7957 også apt.  :-) Jeg liker også friheten ved Linux og muligheten til å
7958 delta og forme sin egen datahverdag.</p>
7959
7960 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7961
7962 <p>Skolelinux er for lite kjent og for sent ute med å gi ut nye
7963 versjoner.</p>
7964
7965 <p>Da jeg selv i hovedsak bruker Kubuntu, så kan jeg egentlig ikke
7966 svare så detaljert rundt ulempene med Skolelinux.  Hovedårsaken til at
7967 jeg bruker Kubuntu er nok at da vi begynte med det mener jeg det ikke
7968 var noen annen løsning.  «Vandrende arbeidsstasjon» mener jeg ikke
7969 fantes da.  Dessuten ville jeg ha siste versjon, da den KDE-versjonen
7970 som var i Skolelinux den gangen var en god del enklere (tror det var
7971 KDE 2) var dårligere i mine øyne enn versjon 3.</p>
7972
7973 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7974
7975 <p>Jeg bruker blant annet Kubuntu, LibreOffice, Thunderbird, Firefox,
7976 Kate, <a href="http://comix.sourceforge.net/">Comix</a> og Konsole.  Og
7977 en hel haug andre ved behov :-)</p>
7978
7979 <p>Har oversatt Comix selv, men det er jo ikke skjedd noe med Comix
7980 siden 2009, så den er det nok bare jeg som har.  Om andre vil ha den
7981 gir jeg den gjerne videre.  Ser at noen har startet på
7982 <a href="http://mcomix.sourceforge.net/">MComix</a> siden jeg så på så
7983 på dette sist, så nå er jeg igang med å teste og oversette den
7984 også.</p>
7985
7986 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7987 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7988
7989 <p>Det viktigste er å forankre beslutningen i kollegiet og med de som
7990 er ansvarlige for å vedlikeholde og bruke datamaskinene.  Flest mulig
7991 bør være med på å holde det (sosialt) vedlike, kjenne og støtte
7992 prinsippene. Som enkeltmannsprosjekt blir det lett veldig sårbart,
7993 særlig når (Skole)linux ennå i stor grad er en motkultur og ikke noe
7994 en stor nok andel av beslutningstakere, brukere osv kjenner til og
7995 bruker.</p>
7996
7997 <p>Jeg tror det viktigste er å fortsette å holde fri programvare godt,
7998 oppdatert, minimere antall feil, ha en god kontakt med brukerne og
7999 attraktivt og spennende programmer. Beholde alt som er bra og ha det
8000 tilgjengelig samtidig som man tilbyr det nyeste og rareste for de som
8001 vil ha det.</p>
8002
8003       </div>
8004       <div class="tags">
8005
8006
8007         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8008
8009
8010       </div>
8011     </div>
8012     <div class="padding"></div>
8013
8014     <div class="entry">
8015       <div class="title">
8016         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Saving_power_with_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_using_shutdown_at_night.html">Saving power with Debian Edu / Skolelinux using shutdown-at-night</a>
8017       </div>
8018       <div class="date">
8019          5th February 2012
8020       </div>
8021       <div class="body">
8022         <p>Since the Lenny version of
8023 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>, a
8024 feature to save power have been included.  It is as simple as it is
8025 practical: Shut down unused clients at night, and turn them on again
8026 in the morning.  This is done using the
8027 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/shutdown-at-night.html">shutdown-at-night</a> Debian package.</p>
8028
8029 <p>To enable this feature on a client, the machine need to be added to
8030 the netgroup shutdown-at-night-hosts.  For Debian Edu, this is done in
8031 LDAP, and once this is in place, the machine in question will check
8032 every hour from 16:00 until 06:00 to see if the machine is unused, and
8033 shut it down if it is.  If the hardware in question is supported by
8034 the
8035 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/n/nvram-wakeup.html">nvram-wakeup</a>
8036 package, the BIOS is told to turn the machine back on around 07:00 +-
8037 10 minutes.  If this isn't working, one can configure wake-on-lan to
8038 try to turn on the client.  The wake-on-lan option is only documented
8039 and not enabled by default in Debian Edu.</p>
8040
8041 <p>It is important to not turn all machines on at once, as this can
8042 blow a fuse if several computers are connected to the same fuse like
8043 the common setup for a classroom.  The nvram-wakeup method only work
8044 for machines with a functioning hardware/BIOS clock.  I've seen old
8045 machines where the BIOS battery were dead and the hardware clock were
8046 starting from 0 (or was it 1990?) every boot.  If you have one of
8047 those, you have to turn on the computer manually.</p>
8048
8049 <p>The shutdown-at-night package is completely self contained, and can
8050 also be used outside the Debian Edu environment.  For those without a
8051 central LDAP server with netgroups, one can instead touch the file
8052 <tt>/etc/shutdown-at-night/shutdown-at-night</tt> to enable it.
8053 Perhaps you too can use it to save some power?</p>
8054
8055       </div>
8056       <div class="tags">
8057
8058
8059         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8060
8061
8062       </div>
8063     </div>
8064     <div class="padding"></div>
8065
8066     <div class="entry">
8067       <div class="title">
8068         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_beta_version_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Third beta version of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
8069       </div>
8070       <div class="date">
8071          4th February 2012
8072       </div>
8073       <div class="body">
8074         <p>I am happy to announce that finally we managed today to wrap up and
8075 publish the third beta version of
8076 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
8077 on Squeeze.  If you want to test a LDAP backed Kerberos server with
8078 out of the box PXE configuration for running diskless machines and
8079 installing new machines, check it out.  If you need a software
8080 solution for your school, check it out too.  The full announcement is
8081 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/02/msg00000.html">available</a>
8082 on the project announcement list.</p>
8083
8084 <p>I am very happy to report these changes and improvements since
8085 beta2 (there are more, see announcement for full list):</p>
8086
8087 <ul>
8088
8089 <li>It is now possible to change the pre-configured IP subnet from
8090   10.0.0.0/8 to something else by using the subnet-change tool after
8091   the installation.</li>
8092
8093 <li>Too full partitions are now automatically extended on the Main
8094   Server, based on the rules specified in /etc/fsautoresizetab.</li>
8095
8096 <li>The CUPS queues are now automatically flushed every night, and all
8097   disabled queues are restarted every hour.  This should cut down on
8098   the amount of manual administration needed for printers.</li>
8099
8100 <li>The set of initial users have been changed.  Now a personal user
8101   for the local system administrator is created during installation
8102   instead of the previously created localadmin and super-admin users,
8103   and this user is granted administrative privileges using group
8104   membership.  This reduces the number of passwords one need to keep
8105   up to date on the system.</li>
8106
8107 </ul>
8108
8109 <p>The new main server seem to work so well that I am testing it as my
8110 private DNS/LDAP/Kerberos/PXE/LTSP server at home.  I will use it look
8111 for issues we could fix to polish Debian Edu even further before the
8112 final Squeeze release is published.</p>
8113
8114 <p>Next weekend the project organise a
8115 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/01/msg00001.html">developer
8116 gathering</a> in Oslo.  We will continue the work on the Squeeze
8117 version, and start initial planning for the Wheezy version.  Perhaps I
8118 will see you there?</p>
8119
8120       </div>
8121       <div class="tags">
8122
8123
8124         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8125
8126
8127       </div>
8128     </div>
8129     <div class="padding"></div>
8130
8131     <div class="entry">
8132       <div class="title">
8133         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Handling_non_free_firmware_in_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Handling non-free firmware in Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
8134       </div>
8135       <div class="date">
8136         27th January 2012
8137       </div>
8138       <div class="body">
8139         <p>With some computer hardware, one need non-free firmware blobs.
8140 This is the sad fact of todays computers.  In the next version of
8141 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
8142 on Squeeze, we provide several scripts and modifications to make
8143 firmware blobs easier to handle.  The common use case I run into is a
8144 laptop with a wireless network card requiring non-free firmware to
8145 work, but there are other use cases as well.</p>
8146
8147 <p>First and foremost, Debian Edu provide ISO images for DVD and CD
8148 with all firmware packages in the Debian sections main and non-free
8149 included, to ensure debian-installer find and can install all of them
8150 during installation.  This take care firmware for network devices used
8151 by the installer when installing from from local media.  But for
8152 example multimedia devices are not activated in the installer and are
8153 not taken care of by this.</p>
8154
8155 <p>For non-network devices, we provide the script
8156 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/auto-addfirmware</tt> which
8157 search through the <tt>dmesg</tt> output for drivers requesting extra
8158 firmware.  The firmware file name is looked up in the Contents-ARCH.gz
8159 file available in the package repository, and the packages providing
8160 the requested firmware file(s) is installed.  I have proposed to do
8161 something similar in debian-installer (BTS report
8162 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/655507">#655507</a>), to allow PXE
8163 installs of Debian to handle firmware installation better.  Run the
8164 script as root from the command line to fetch and install the needed
8165 firmware packages.</p>
8166
8167 <p>Debian Edu provide PXE installation of Debian out of the box, and
8168 because some machines need firmware to get their network cards
8169 working, the installation initrd some times need extra firmware
8170 included to be able to install at all.  To fill the PXE installation
8171 initrd with extra firmware, the
8172 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/pxe-addfirmware</tt> script is
8173 provided.  Again, just run it as root on the command line to fill the
8174 PXE initrd with firmware packages.</p>
8175
8176 <p>Last, some LTSP clients might also need firmware to get their
8177 network cards working.  For this,
8178 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/ltsp-addfirmware</tt> is
8179 provided to update the LTSP initrd with firmware blobs.  It is used
8180 the same way as the other firmware related tools.</p>
8181
8182 <p>At the moment, we do not run any of these during installation.  We
8183 do not know if this is acceptable for the local administrator to use
8184 non-free software, and it is their choice.</p>
8185
8186 <p>We plan to release beta3 this weekend.  You might want to give it a
8187 try.</p>
8188
8189       </div>
8190       <div class="tags">
8191
8192
8193         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8194
8195
8196       </div>
8197     </div>
8198     <div class="padding"></div>
8199
8200     <div class="entry">
8201       <div class="title">
8202         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skjermbilder_fra_nordsamisk_installasjon_av_Skolelinux_Squeeze.html">Skjermbilder fra nordsamisk installasjon av Skolelinux/Squeeze</a>
8203       </div>
8204       <div class="date">
8205         26th January 2012
8206       </div>
8207       <div class="body">
8208         <p>For morro skyld har jeg gjennomført en nordsamisk installasjon for
8209 neste utgave av <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>
8210 (Squeeze) og knipset skjermbilder av resultatet.</p>
8211
8212 <p>Som en kan se der er det noen oversettelser som mangler.  Det hadde
8213 vært hyggelig hvis alle tekstene som vises i Skolelinux-installasjonen
8214 ble oversatt til nordsamisk, men for å få det til må noen som forstår
8215 språket melde seg til dyst.  Det er mangel på nordsamiske oversettere
8216 av fri programvare.  Hvis noen starter raskt, så bør en rekke å
8217 fullføre Wheezy-utgaven før den gis ut. :)</p>
8218
8219 <p>Se <a href="http://d-i.debian.org/l10n-stats/">oversetterstatistikk for
8220 debian installer</a> for detaljert status.  Jeg har tipset
8221 <a href="https://lister.ping.uio.no/mailman/listinfo/i18n-sme">epostlisten for samiskoversettelser</a>,
8222 men det har vært veldig liten aktivitet der de siste årene.</p>
8223
8224 <p><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/01-isomenu.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/01-isomenu.png" width="40%"></a>
8225 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/02-sme-lang.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/02-sme-lang.png" width="40%"></a>
8226 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/03-sme-place.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/03-sme-place.png" width="40%"></a>
8227 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/04-sme-keymap.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/04-sme-keymap.png" width="40%"></a>
8228 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/05-sme-profile.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/05-sme-profile.png" width="40%"></a>
8229 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/06-sme-autopart.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/06-sme-autopart.png" width="40%"></a>
8230 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/07-sme-popcon.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/07-sme-popcon.png" width="40%"></a>
8231 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/08-sme-rootpw1.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/08-sme-rootpw1.png" width="40%"></a>
8232 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/09-sme-rootpw2.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/09-sme-rootpw2.png" width="40%"></a>
8233 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/10-sme-firstuser.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/10-sme-firstuser.png" width="40%"></a>
8234 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/11-sme-firstusername.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/11-sme-firstusername.png" width="40%"></a>
8235 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/12-sme-firstuserpw1.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/12-sme-firstuserpw1.png" width="40%"></a>
8236 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/13-sme-firstuserpw2.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/13-sme-firstuserpw2.png" width="40%"></a>
8237 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/14-sme-part.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/14-sme-part.png" width="40%"></a>
8238 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/15-sme-debootstrap.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/15-sme-debootstrap.png" width="40%"></a>
8239 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/16-sme-tasksel.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/16-sme-tasksel.png" width="40%"></a>
8240 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/17-sme-wordlist.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/17-sme-wordlist.png" width="40%"></a>
8241 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/18-sme-tasksel.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/18-sme-tasksel.png" width="40%"></a>
8242 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/19-sme-ltsp.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/19-sme-ltsp.png" width="40%"></a>
8243 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/20-sme-grub.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/20-sme-grub.png" width="40%"></a>
8244 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/21-sme-finish-install.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/21-sme-finish-install.png" width="40%"></a>
8245 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/22-sme-finish-message.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/22-sme-finish-message.png" width="40%"></a></p>
8246
8247       </div>
8248       <div class="tags">
8249
8250
8251         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8252
8253
8254       </div>
8255     </div>
8256     <div class="padding"></div>
8257
8258     <div class="entry">
8259       <div class="title">
8260         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Setting_up_a_new_school_with_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Setting up a new school with Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
8261       </div>
8262       <div class="date">
8263         25th January 2012
8264       </div>
8265       <div class="body">
8266         <p>The next version of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu
8267 / Skolelinux</a> will include a new tool
8268 <tt>sitesummary2ldapdhcp</tt>, which can be used to quickly set up all
8269 the computers in a school without much manual labour.  Here is a short
8270 summary on how to use it to set up a new school.</p>
8271
8272 <p>First, install a combined Main Server and Thin Client Server as the
8273 central server in the network.  Next, PXE boot all the client machines
8274 as thin clients and wait 5 minutes after the last client booted to
8275 allow the clients to report their existence to the central server.  When
8276 this is done, log on to the central server and run
8277 <tt>sitesummary2ldapdhcp -a</tt> in the <tt>konsole</tt> to use the
8278 collected information to generate system objects in LDAP.  The output
8279 will look similar to this:</p>
8280
8281 <p><blockquote><pre>
8282 % sitesummary2ldapdhcp -a
8283 info: Updating machine tjener.intern [10.0.2.2] id ether-00:01:02:03:04:05.
8284 info: Create GOsa machine for auto-mac-00-01-02-03-04-06 [10.0.16.20] id ether-00:01:02:03:04:06.
8285
8286 Enter password if you want to activate these changes, and ^c to abort.
8287
8288 Connecting to LDAP as cn=admin,ou=ldap-access,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
8289 enter password: *******
8290 %
8291 </pre></blockquote></p>
8292
8293 <p>After providing the LDAP administrative password (the same as the
8294 root password set during installation), the LDAP database will be
8295 populated with system objects for each PXE booted machine with
8296 automatically generated names.  The final step to set up the school is
8297 then to log into <a href="https://oss.gonicus.de/labs/gosa/">GOsa</a>,
8298 the web based user, group and system administration system to change
8299 system names, add systems to the correct host groups and finally
8300 enable DHCP and DNS for the systems.  All clients that should be used
8301 as diskless workstations should be added to the workstation-hosts
8302 group.  After this is done, all computers can be booted again via PXE
8303 and get their assigned names and group based configuration
8304 automatically.</p>
8305
8306 <p>We plan to release beta3 with the updated version of this feature
8307 enabled this weekend.  You might want to give it a try.</p>
8308
8309 <p>Update 2012-01-28: When calling sitesummary2ldapdhcp to add new
8310 hosts, one need to add the option -a.  I forgot to mention this in my
8311 original text, and have added it to the text now.</p>
8312
8313       </div>
8314       <div class="tags">
8315
8316
8317         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
8318
8319
8320       </div>
8321     </div>
8322     <div class="padding"></div>
8323
8324     <div class="entry">
8325       <div class="title">
8326         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Paul_Reidar_L_snesl_kken.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken</a>
8327       </div>
8328       <div class="date">
8329         18th January 2012
8330       </div>
8331       <div class="body">
8332         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
8333 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, har jeg nå
8334 lyktes med å få tak i en skolemann som ikke er aktiv med utviklingen,
8335 men likevel har vært med nesten siden starten av prosjektet.  Jeg
8336 ønsker derfor velkommen til Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken, en mann med
8337 mange års erfaring i bruk av Skolelinux.</p>
8338
8339 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8340
8341 <p>Jeg driftet tidligere IKT løsningen for skolene i
8342 <a href="http://www.nord-odal.kommune.no/">Nord-Odal</a>.  I dag er jeg
8343 IKT-konsulent for hele kommunen og samarbeider med
8344 <a href="http://www.hedmarken-ikt.no/">Hedmark-IKT</a> for best mulig
8345 tjenester til kommunen. Jeg har bakgrunn som elektronikkreparatør og
8346 grunnskolelærer og har tatt en del fag innen IKT, i hovedsak
8347 driftsfag. IKT i Nord-Odal kommune blir i dag driftet av Hedmark IKT
8348 som er et samarbeid mellom Løten, Stange, Grue, Hamar, Kongsvinger og
8349 Nord-Odal. Jeg er fortsatt "IKT-personen" på skolene i kommunen og
8350 følger opp og gjør enkelte mindre endringer der.</p>
8351
8352 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8353
8354 <p>Kommunen satset på Skolelinux i 2004.  Jeg var ikke med i
8355 beslutningsprosessen den gang, men ble likevel med fra starten når
8356 dette ble levert.</p>
8357
8358 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8359
8360 <p>Fordelene med Skolelinux er rask oppstart, sentral drift av
8361 klientene, klienter som jobber raskt og effektivt, bedre
8362 funksjonalitet på eldre utstyr og en ganske god programpakke med fri
8363 programvare som følger med.  Løsningen med halvtykke klienter gjør at
8364 prosessering skjer lokalt med alltid ferske maskiner.</p>
8365
8366 <p>Skolelinux kan fungere godt på gammelt utstyr, men det er klart at
8367 utstyr også blir for gammelt selv for Skolelinux.  I forbindelese med
8368 at vi nylig fikk nye servere og ny installasjon kastet jeg ut ca 60
8369 klienter som fortsatt var i drift etter at de var kjøpt godt brukt i
8370 2004.  Noe var rundt 15 år gammelt, men var fortsatt i bruk. Noen
8371 klaget på at det nå gikk veldig tregt på en del pedagogiske nettsider
8372 med flash o.l. Det er fullt forståelig.</p>
8373
8374 <p>Jeg fikk nylig et spørsmål fra ungdomsskolens rektor om jeg kunne
8375 legge inn <a href="http://freemind.sourceforge.net/">FreeMind</a>, et
8376 tankekartprogram , på skolens elev-Windowsmaskiner. Lærerne hadde
8377 vært på kurs og ville ta dette i bruk. Skolen har ca halvparten av
8378 elevmaskinene på bærbare Windowsmaskiner. Da kunne jeg fortelle at
8379 dette programmet allerede lå inne på den nye Skolelinuxløsningen
8380 som nettopp var satt i drift, klart til bruk.</p>
8381
8382 <p>Vi har de bærbare maskinene på ungdomsskolen i domene med
8383 Skolelinux.  Dette fungerer også meget bra nå. Elevene får opp en
8384 midlertidig windowsprofil når de logger på.  Denne profilen slettes
8385 etter at de logger av, noe som medfører rene profiler hver gang de
8386 starter opp en maskin.  De må lagre i sin Skolelinprofil, noe som
8387 medfører at de får tak i sine filer uavhengig av om de starter en
8388 Windowsmaskin eller en Skolelinuxklient. Det er mye mindre trafikk i
8389 det trådløse nettet etter at ikke hele profiler blir lastet opp til de
8390 enkelte Windowsmaskinene og tilbake når man avslutter. Jeg vet ikke om
8391 dette er standardoppsett i Skolelinux, men slik er vårt oppsett
8392 nå.</p>
8393
8394 <p>Vi har i flere år satt opp vår løsning slik at skriverkøer slettes
8395 og skrivere startes hver natt.  Hyggelig å høre at dette nå skal bli
8396 en standard i Skolelinuxløsningen.  Dette har vært en god hjelp for
8397 oss.</p>
8398
8399 <p>Elevene er lite opptatt av om de jobber på en Skolelinux eller en
8400 Windowsmaskin bare de har de programmene de trenger og at det virker
8401 når det skal brukes. Vi kjører mest mulig de samme programmene på
8402 Windows som i Skolelinux, som f.eks Audacity og LibreOffice.</p>
8403
8404 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8405
8406 <p>Lærere bruker hos oss Windows. Dette fordi de da selv har mer
8407 kontroll over sin maskin, kan bruke den overalt, og kan legge inn
8408 programmer selv når de trenger noe i forhold til kurs o.l de er
8409 på. Jeg tror lærernes selvstendighet her gjør dem tryggere på IKT-bruk
8410 generelt. Det at de av og til får opp advarsler og lignende gjør også
8411 at de må tenke igjennom og spørre om ting rundt datasikkerhet.</p>
8412
8413 <p>Det er en del programmer vi bruker som ikke finnes for Linux.  Mest
8414 brukt er nok Photostory3 som brukes i mange sammenhenger, særlig på
8415 ungdomsskolen, bl.a. til å lage herbarier (plantesamling) .  Dette
8416 finnes gratis for Windows, men er ikke fri programvare.  Vi er opptatt
8417 av at programmer elevene bruker på skolen også kan brukes gratis
8418 hjemme. Det er også en del programmer som brukes til spesielle elever
8419 som bare går i Windows. Det er viktig med fokus på funksjoner og ikke
8420 på hvilket OS man bruker.</p>
8421
8422 <p>For oss er det kombinasjonen mellom Skolelinux og Windows som gir
8423 oss en god og hel løsning. Skolelinux er best der de er gode.</p>
8424
8425 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8426
8427 <p>Selv er det LibreOffice jeg bruker til daglig.  Jeg bruker selv en
8428 Windowsmaskin. Jeg har benyttet en del fri programvare i forbindelse
8429 med sjekking av trafikk i nettverk, slik som Wireshark, men dette er
8430 jo ikke aktuelt for skolene. Jeg er generelt glad i programmer som
8431 fungerer på både Linux og Windows og gjerne MAC.</p>
8432
8433 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8434 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8435
8436 <p>Det er viktig at det benyttes programmer som elevene også kan ta i
8437 bruk hjemme.  Det skal da være enkelt, lovlig og gratis for
8438 elevene. Da er jeg ikke lenger veldig opptatt av om det kalles "fri
8439 programvare".  For skolene tror jeg "gratis" og "funksjonelt" er bedre
8440 begreper enn "fri" i forhold til programmer.  De fleste skiller nok
8441 ikke mellom "fri" og "gratis". Det er nå svært mange elever som
8442 benytter OpenOffice eller LibreOffice som sin primære kontorpakke
8443 hjemme.</p>
8444
8445       </div>
8446       <div class="tags">
8447
8448
8449         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8450
8451
8452       </div>
8453     </div>
8454     <div class="padding"></div>
8455
8456     <div class="entry">
8457       <div class="title">
8458         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Changing_the_default_Iceweasel_start_page_in_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Changing the default Iceweasel start page in Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
8459       </div>
8460       <div class="date">
8461         10th January 2012
8462       </div>
8463       <div class="body">
8464         <p>In the Squeeze version of
8465 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> soon
8466 to be released, users of the system will get their default browser
8467 start page set from LDAP, allowing the system administrator to point
8468 all users to the school web page by updating one setting in LDAP.  In
8469 addition to setting the default start page when a machine boots, users
8470 are shown the same page as a welcome page when they log in for the
8471 first time.</p>
8472
8473 <p>The LDAP object dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no have an attribute
8474 labeledURI with "http://www/ LDAP for Debian Edu/Skolelinux" as the
8475 default content.  By changing this value to another URL, all users get
8476 to see the page behind this new URL.</p>
8477
8478 <p>An easy way to update it is by using the ldapvi tool.  It can be
8479 called as "<tt>ldapvi -ZD '(cn=admin)'</tt>' to update LDAP with the
8480 new setting.</p>
8481
8482 <p>We have written the code to adjust the default start page and show
8483 the welcome page, and I wonder if there is an easier way to do this
8484 from within Iceweasel instead.</p>
8485
8486       </div>
8487       <div class="tags">
8488
8489
8490         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
8491
8492
8493       </div>
8494     </div>
8495     <div class="padding"></div>
8496
8497     <div class="entry">
8498       <div class="title">
8499         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_beta_version_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Second beta version of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
8500       </div>
8501       <div class="date">
8502          7th January 2012
8503       </div>
8504       <div class="body">
8505         <p>I am happy to announce that today we managed to wrap up and publish
8506 the second beta version of
8507 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>.  If
8508 you want to test a LDAP backed Kerberos server with out of the box PXE
8509 configuration for running diskless machines and installing new
8510 machines, check it out.  If you need a software solution for your
8511 school, check it out too.  The full announcement is
8512 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/01/msg00000.html">available</a>
8513 on the project announcement list.</p>
8514
8515       </div>
8516       <div class="tags">
8517
8518
8519         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8520
8521
8522       </div>
8523     </div>
8524     <div class="padding"></div>
8525
8526     <div class="entry">
8527       <div class="title">
8528         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fixing_an_hanging_debian_installer_for_Debian_Edu.html">Fixing an hanging debian installer for Debian Edu</a>
8529       </div>
8530       <div class="date">
8531          3rd January 2012
8532       </div>
8533       <div class="body">
8534         <p>During christmas, I have been working getting the next version of
8535 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> ready
8536 for release.  The initial problem I looked at was particularly
8537 interesting.</p>
8538
8539 <P>The installer would hang at the end when it was doing it
8540 post-installation configuration, and whatevery I did to try to find
8541 the cause and fix it always worked while I tested it, but never when I
8542 integrated it into the installer and ran the installation from
8543 scratch.  I would try to restart processes, close file descriptors,
8544 remove or create files, and the installer would always unblock and
8545 wrap up its tasks.</p>
8546
8547 <p>Eventually the cause was found.  The kernel was simply running out
8548 of entropy, causing the Kerberos setup to hang waiting for more.
8549 Pressing keys was adding entropy to the kernel, and thus all my tries
8550 to fix the problem worked not because what I was typing to fix it, but
8551 because I was typing.</P>
8552
8553 <p>The fix I implemented was to add a background process looking at
8554 the level of entropy in the kernel (by checking
8555 /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail), and if it was too small, the
8556 installer will flush the kernel file buffers and do 'find /' to
8557 generate some disk IO.  Disk IO generate entropy in the kernel, and is
8558 one of the few things that can be initated from within the system to
8559 generate entropy.</p>
8560
8561 <p>The fix is in
8562 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/Installation">beta1
8563 of the Debian Edu/Squeeze</a> version, and we
8564 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu">welcome more testers and
8565 developers</a>.  We plan to release beta2 this weekend.</p>
8566
8567       </div>
8568       <div class="tags">
8569
8570
8571         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8572
8573
8574       </div>
8575     </div>
8576     <div class="padding"></div>
8577
8578     <div class="entry">
8579       <div class="title">
8580         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Peter_Hansteen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Peter Hansteen</a>
8581       </div>
8582       <div class="date">
8583         11th December 2011
8584       </div>
8585       <div class="body">
8586         <p>Etter en lang pause er det klart for neste mann ut i min serie med
8587 intervjuer av
8588 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-relaterte personer.
8589
8590 Denne gangen har jeg besøk av et avtroppende styremedlem i
8591 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, og en mann
8592 som har vært aktiv i Linux-miljøet i Bergen siden 90-tallet.</p>
8593
8594 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8595
8596 <p>Jeg heter Peter Hansteen, og jobber til daglig som seniorkonsulent
8597 i EDB ErgoGroup i Bergen.  I praksis betyr det systemadministrasjon på
8598 Unix (primært Solaris, men en viss komponent av Linux).  Men Solaris
8599 er for meg et relativt nytt bekjentskap, hovedplattformen min har
8600 generelt vært OpenBSD og til dels FreeBSD.</p>
8601
8602 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8603
8604 <p>Jeg husker ikke helt alle detaljene mer ;) - men jeg tror det var
8605 gjennom news-gruppen no.it.os.unix.linux.diverse, efn-listen og
8606 etterhvert også BLUG-miljøet her i Bergen.  Vi hadde et par
8607 Skolelinux-sentrerte BLUG-møter for noen år siden, og det har vært et
8608 par Skolelinux-utviklersamlinger her.</p>
8609
8610 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8611
8612 <p>Jeg bruker dessverre ikke Skolelinux daglig. Men slik jeg kjenner
8613 prosjektet har det vært i stand til å ta opp i seg det beste av fri
8614 programvare i mange kategorier, så fra et sysadmin-perspektiv ser det
8615 ut som en svært behagelig sak.  For brukerne er det vel både en fordel
8616 og en ulempe at det ikke er Windows. Men vi håper at fordelene med et
8617 fritt system etterhvert vil bli åpenbare for både elever, lærekrefter
8618 og foreldre.</p>
8619
8620 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8621
8622 <p>Vel, ulempen er vel først og fremst at andre aktører med mer
8623 kapitalmuskel har klart å etablere seg som det både lærere og foreldre
8624 føler seg trygge på, selv om det etter mitt hode ikke er noen grunn
8625 til å være spesielt trygg på de kommersielle alternativene.</p>
8626
8627 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8628
8629 <p>Når jeg får bestemme helt selv, bruker jeg kun fri programvare. Da
8630 helst med vekt på ting som kjører greit på OpenBSD.  Hjemme er det
8631 OpenBSD, Ubuntu eller FreeBSD vi bruker.  På skrivebordet er det en
8632 avveining mellom Gnome, KDE eller hva-det-nå-heter som er
8633 standardvalget i Ubuntu, ellers er det de kjente tingene som
8634 LibreOffice, Emacs, mplayer.  På server er det selvfølgelig Apache,
8635 for overvåking både OpenNMS og Nagios (det bare ble sånn, og
8636 forskjellige siter).  Jeg skriver til tider om slikt jeg holder på med
8637 på
8638 <a href="http://bsdly.blogspot.com">http://bsdly.blogspot.com</a>.</p>
8639
8640 <p>Men vi må nevne at selv vi har en Microsoft-ting som vi slår på når
8641 vi av en eller annen grunn må. Det betyr igjen vanligvis når en
8642 mobiltelefon eller en annen lukket elektronisk dings krever kontakt
8643 via en slik for å få oppdateringene sine.</p>
8644
8645 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8646 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8647
8648 <p>Hadde vi hatt det rette svaret på det spørsmålet, så hadde vi
8649 gjerne hatt Skolelinux som førstevalg på alle skoler ;)</p>
8650
8651 <p>Men jeg tror vi må legge vekt på flere forskjellige ting.  En helt
8652 sentral sak er å fokusere på fri programvare og åpne standarder som de
8653 demokratiske verdiene de faktisk er.  Det har kanskje kommet litt for
8654 mye i bakgrunnen i forhold til strevet etter å lage det mest mulig
8655 'brukervennlige' systemet.  Det er en tung vei å gå, så det er
8656 forståelig at freenix-aktivister heller velger å skrive kode og annet
8657 som er mer lystbetont. Mer praktisk tror jeg vi må gjøre i alle fall
8658 to ting: For det første sørge for å fortsette med å levere det best
8659 mulige frie produktet, slik at det er lett å både komme i gang og
8660 holde systemene i daglig drift, og for det andre 2) spore opp mulige
8661 aktivister der de finnes, via lokale brukergrupper, sosiale medier
8662 eller annet og sørge for at de fortsetter å være aktive.  Mer og
8663 mindre uformelle treff kan være nyttig i tillegg til de mer
8664 organiserte møtene med foredrag, konferanser og utviklersamlinger.</p>
8665
8666       </div>
8667       <div class="tags">
8668
8669
8670         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8671
8672
8673       </div>
8674     </div>
8675     <div class="padding"></div>
8676
8677     <div class="entry">
8678       <div class="title">
8679         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Frode_Jemtland.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Frode Jemtland</a>
8680       </div>
8681       <div class="date">
8682         27th July 2011
8683       </div>
8684       <div class="body">
8685         <p>Neste mann ut i min serie med intervjuer av Skolelinux-relaterte
8686 personer er en tidligere styreleder i
8687 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a> som var med
8688 fra starten av
8689 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-prosjektet.</p>
8690
8691 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8692
8693 <p>Mitt navn er Frode Jemtland, og jeg jobber i Hedmark IKT, som er et
8694 driftsselskap for Grue, Hamar, Kongsvinger, Løten, Nord-Odal og Stange
8695 kommuner. Her er jeg leder for avdelingen Løsninger og Arkitektur. Vi
8696 har i hovedansvar for servere, infrastruktur og løsninger som
8697 helhet.</p>
8698
8699 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8700
8701 <p>Jobbet i IBM fra 2000, og da spesielt med Linux. Dette var da et av
8702 de mest tydelige linux prosjektene i Norge, og her ønsket jeg å
8703 bidra. Var aktivt med i prosjektet i 4-5 år.</p>
8704
8705 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8706
8707 <p>Fordelene slik jeg ser det er den sentraliserte driftmodellen, og
8708 alle de vel gjennomtenkte løsningene som er inkludert i denne
8709 løsningen. Samtidig er det basert på en stabil, og godt kjent
8710 plattform. Dette vil si at man har en løsning som skal være mye
8711 tilgjengelig, og hvor det er relativt enkelt å få tak i personer som
8712 kan mye om den grunnleggende plattformen.</p>
8713
8714 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8715
8716 <p>De største utfordringene med en løsningen er at den er intensiv på f.eks
8717 nettverk. I seg selv ikke et problem for en enkelt skole, men skal løsningen
8718 kjøres i større skala, med sentraliserte servere, så gir dette noen
8719 utfordringer.</p>
8720
8721 <p>Utifra hva jeg har sett på større installasjoner så er det ikke så
8722 enkelt å skjønne, hva som bør gjøres for at den skal skaleres opp, og
8723 da ta godt vare på alle sider av dette, ikke bare mer server å fordele
8724 last/trykk, men hvordan også beholde robustheten og fleksibiliteten i
8725 løsningen.</p>
8726
8727 <p>En annen utfordring er at stadig flere produkter som skal brukes i
8728 skoleløsningen ikke er laget til å kunne brukes i en
8729 skolelinuxløsning. Det blir derfor fort mye skreddersøm i de
8730 forskjellige installasjonene, for å få diverse pedagogiske programmer,
8731 webløsninger, smartboards, m.m. til å fungere.  Man er også en for
8732 liten kundebase til at leverandørene ønsker å gjøre noe med
8733 utfordringen. Problemet overlates til oss.</p>
8734
8735 <p>Det er også en kontinuerlig utfordring rundt problemet med å holde
8736 programvare på stabile versjoner, kontra å få ny funksjonalitet. Dette
8737 er jo en konflikt mellom oss som ønsker å drifte en stabil, og
8738 kostnadseffektiv løsning, mot sluttbrukerne som ønsker seg funksjoner
8739 det er vant med fra andre løsninger, eller som de må ha for at et
8740 eller annet nytt produkt skal fungere i løsningen. Dette er en
8741 utfordring også for andre plattformer.</p>
8742
8743 <p>En siste utfordring som ikke har noe med løsningen å gjøre, men med
8744 det omkringliggende miljøet denne skal kjøre i, er at de enhetene som
8745 skal drifte dataløsninger for kommuner og fylkeskommuner begynner å
8746 profesjonaliseres, og er da avhengig av å ha standard løsninger for å
8747 drifte store brukermasser. MS er selvsagt klar over dette, og har jo
8748 nå flere områder de begynner å bli veldig dominerende på. Den største,
8749 og mest problematiske er katalogtjenesten.  Man får snart ikke tak i
8750 større løsninger som ikke krever en AD. Når man da har store enheter
8751 som drifter både kommunalt ansatte og skoler, så vil det være et
8752 stordriftargument å standardisere på en katalog tjeneste, og da har
8753 man ikke noe valg. Her er alle slike driftsenheter for små til å få
8754 gjort om på dette. Her burde konkurransemyndighetene kommet på
8755 banen. Men konkurransetilsynet i USA griper sjeldent (og ikke før det
8756 har gått veldig lang tid) inn i monopolsituasjoner så lenge
8757 monopolisten er et amerikansk firma, så da har vel ikke andre
8758 myndigheter så mye de skulle ha sagt....</p>
8759
8760 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8761
8762 <p>Privat kjører jeg Debian på alle mine datamaskiner. Det gjør jeg
8763 også på min jobbmaskin. Vi har også 15-20 linux servere av typene
8764 SuSE, Debian, Redhat, CentOS m.m. Jeg bruker derfor mye fri
8765 programvare. Av enkelt programmer kan sikkert masse nevnes. Hvis vi
8766 skal begrense oss til daglig, så må jeg si: OpenOffice, Firefox,
8767 Kontact, Kopete, Amarok,
8768 <a href="http://gramps-project.org/">Gramps</a>, Kate, ssh, bash,
8769 rsync, backuppc m.m.</p>
8770
8771 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8772 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8773
8774 <p>Det er et godt spørsmål, som jeg har lurt på selv.</p>
8775
8776 <p>Argumentene som ofte har vært brukt om at ting koster mindre holder
8777 ikke mål når man ser på hva som faktisk koster penger. Det er de
8778 ansatte som er en kostnadsdriver. Det vil si at hvis man har et system
8779 som den ansatte kan, så vil en kostnad på dette systemet kunne
8780 forsvares ganske mye ved at den ansatte gjør dette raskere og
8781 effektivt. Også uten å måtte eventuelt leie inn folk.</p>
8782
8783 <p>Jeg syns det er viktigere å fokusere på prinsippet med å velge fri
8784 programvare, men det er også et felt hvor man fort møter lite
8785 forståelse blant de ansatte i skolen.</p>
8786
8787 <p>Her må nok strategien fortsette å være at de sentrale myndighetene
8788 må sende tydelige signaler for hva de ønsker at offentlige enheter
8789 skal gjøre. Det var mye positivt på gang ang. dette for et par år
8790 siden. Både med eNorge og eKommune planene, men dette syns jeg har
8791 stoppet opp. En del av dette kan jo kanskje være usikkerheten som
8792 etter hvert har blitt, når man har sett kompleksiteten i de
8793 prosjektene som har blitt igangsatt. Det har også blitt noe usikkerhet
8794 i markedet ref. Sun, Oracle, Novell, Microsoft m.m.  Samtidig har jo
8795 også de proprietære programleverandørene sørget for å endre sine
8796 lisenser slik at man uansett ikke slipper unna kostnaden til deres
8797 produkter, selv om man skulle velge alternativer. Da er det økonomiske
8798 argumentet, som jeg nevnte tidligere, spilt ganske godt ut over
8799 sidelinjen.</p>
8800
8801       </div>
8802       <div class="tags">
8803
8804
8805         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8806
8807
8808       </div>
8809     </div>
8810     <div class="padding"></div>
8811
8812     <div class="entry">
8813       <div class="title">
8814         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Marius_Kotsbak.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Marius Kotsbak</a>
8815       </div>
8816       <div class="date">
8817         10th April 2011
8818       </div>
8819       <div class="body">
8820         <p>Neste mann ut er Marius Kotsbak, styremedlem i
8821 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a> og mangeårig
8822 bidragsyter i
8823 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-prosjektet.</p>
8824
8825 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8826
8827 <p>Jeg er en systemutvikler/kybernetiker og jobber med dette til
8828 daglig. På fritiden tester jeg ut/bruker mye fri programvare, og
8829 bidrar med testing og utvikling når jeg ser stort nok behov for det og
8830 jeg har noe å bidra med.</p>
8831
8832 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8833
8834 <p>Hmm, det er lenge siden, så det er nesten så jeg ikke husker. Jeg
8835 hadde vel hørt om prosjektet i media før en gjeng i Trondheim startet
8836 opp SPIST, Skolelinux-prosjektet i Sør-Trøndelag, hvor vi hjalp noen
8837 skoler i nærområdet med å installere Skolelinux og finne brukt
8838 IT-utstyr til disse. Det var moro å gjøre noe praktisk for å spre
8839 Skolelinux, og å se hvor fort gjort det var å sette opp utrangerte
8840 klientmaskiner og få disse opp som tynnklienter på helt nye datasaler
8841 på skolene, kun med kostnaden til servere.</p>
8842
8843 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8844
8845 <p>Det er et system spesielt skreddersydd for drift av et stort antall
8846 klienter mot servere, og da spesielt i henhold til skolers behov.  Det
8847 er enkelt og billig å installere og drifte, og det trenger ikke ny
8848 maskinvare for god ytelse.</p>
8849
8850 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8851
8852 <p>Hardwarestøtten kunne vært bedre og i enda større grad
8853 installerbart rett ut av boksen.  Distribusjonen har til tider hatt
8854 litt gammel programvare pga. at den følger Debian sine utgivelser.
8855 Kanskje man skulle vurdert en versjon basert på Ubuntu eller andre
8856 distribusjoner i tillegg?</p>
8857
8858 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8859
8860 <p>Oi, det er ikke lite. Her er det jeg kommer på i farta.  Jeg bruker
8861 Linux og Ubuntu, og på Ubuntu programene Firefox, Thunderbird,
8862 Chromium, Pidgin, Digikam, OpenOffice, Wireshark, git og irssi.
8863 Telefonen min er en Android, og der bruker jeg programmene K-9 Mail,
8864 OI Shopping list, Shuffle, ZXing, OI Notepad og ADW Desktop.  På jobb
8865 bruker jeg JBoss, Eclipse, uCLinux for Blackfin, RCF-CPP, Qt, Maven,
8866 og boost-bibliotekene for C++.</p>
8867
8868 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8869 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8870
8871 <p>En bør fokusere på totalkostnader inkludert driftsbehov,
8872 fleksibilitet, åpenhet og ikke låsing til en leverandør framfor sparte
8873 lisenskostnader, samt programvarens kvalitet og fortrinn, og at den
8874 fritt kan brukes på et ubegrenset antall PC-er, også hjemme hos
8875 elevene.  En bør også forbedre den fri programvaren ved testing,
8876 bugrapportering og kodebidrag om man kan, og ikke anbefale programvare
8877 uten at man har forsikret seg at den har tilstrekkelig kvalitet,
8878 ellers kan man lett oppnå det motsatte.  Tror en bør selge inn
8879 konseptet til fylkes-/statsnivå, kanskje med bidrag til
8880 utviklingsarbeid fra disse som alle landets skoler kan få glede
8881 av.</p>
8882
8883       </div>
8884       <div class="tags">
8885
8886
8887         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8888
8889
8890       </div>
8891     </div>
8892     <div class="padding"></div>
8893
8894     <div class="entry">
8895       <div class="title">
8896         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Odin_Hetland_N_sen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Odin Hetland Nøsen</a>
8897       </div>
8898       <div class="date">
8899         28th March 2011
8900       </div>
8901       <div class="body">
8902         <p>Mine bloggposter om Linux i skolene i Norge førte til at inspektør
8903 og ildsjel på Harestad skole tok kontakt og fortalte at de bruker
8904 Linux på sin skole, og lurte på om de kunne bidra til å gjøre
8905 fordelene kjent.  Riktig nok bruker de ikke
8906 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> på denne skolen,
8907 men jeg synes dette er en god anledning til å gjøre flere fasetter
8908 rundt Linux-økosystemet kjent, og tok et lite intervju.</p>
8909
8910 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8911
8912 <p>Mitt navn er Odin Hetland Nøsen og er en 70-modell. Jeg er bosatt i
8913 Stavanger og jobber nå på 9. året som undervisninginspektør på
8914 Harestad skole i Randaberg kommune (nabokommune til Stavanger).</p>
8915
8916 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8917
8918 <p>I 2002 begynte daværende IKT-ansvarlige og jeg et arbeid på skolen
8919 med å gå over fra Win98 til... noe annet. Vi testet en rekke
8920 forskjellige løsninger, deriblant Skolelinux, men endte opp med
8921 RedHat. Skolelinux var den gang ikke modent for det vi ville ha.  Jeg
8922 har siden fulgt jevnlig med på hva skolelinux holder på med, men har
8923 hele tiden vært bedre fornøyd med vår egen "standardiserte" løsning på
8924 RedHat/CentOS og Fedora. Vi snuser for tiden på Ubuntu som løsning på
8925 klientsiden.</p>
8926
8927 <p>I dag har vi på skolen vår en større linux-løsning med 400 klienter
8928 som kjører en blanding av LTSP (tynnklient) og DRBL (tykk klient uten
8929 harddisk) med en masse tjenere på serverrommet. Vi drifter hele
8930 sulamitten selv med webtjener, eposttjener, webmail, filtjenere,
8931 virtuelle tjenere osv.  Og IT-ansvarlig har en 80% stilling som
8932 IT-ansvarlig - og så er han KoH-lærer i de resterende 20% :-)</p>
8933
8934 <p>Du kan få en ide om hva vi holder på med om du går inn på
8935 <a href="http://www.gnuskole.no/">http://www.gnuskole.no/</a>.</p>
8936
8937 <p>For å ta brodden av frykten for at ildsjeler gjør skolen sårbar om
8938 ildsjelene falle fra, har jeg forsikret kommunen og skolesjefen i
8939 Randaberg om at det finnes godt kommersielle tjenester vi kan benytte
8940 oss av - om det skulle bli nødvendig. Vi er tre stykker i kommunen som
8941 nå har <strong>god</strong> linux-kompetanse ift. å drifte et større
8942 system.  IT-avdelingen i kommunen vil ikke ta på oss med ildtang -
8943 selv om vi nok har større IT-kompetanse mot linux enn det de selv har
8944 mot windows (de kjøper en <strong>masse</strong> konsulenttjenester
8945 fra ErgoGroup).</p>
8946
8947 <p>I kvantitet er Harestad og Grødem skole tilsammen et større
8948 IT-system enn resten av Randaberg kommune + Kvitsøy og Rennesøy, som
8949 kommunen også har driftsansvar for.  Vi har som sagt rundt 800
8950 maskiner, mens kommunen med sitt driftsansvar har ansvar for rundt 500
8951 maskiner. Det er selvfølgelig litt forskjell i hvor kritiske
8952 tjenestene våre er, men det gir allikevel et litt rart bilde når
8953 IT-avdelingen overhode ikke er interessert i å snakke med oss om
8954 hvordan vi gjør ting :-)</p>
8955
8956 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8957
8958 <p>Fra linux-perspektivet (ikke bare Skolelinux) er det en fordel av
8959 systemet er basert på fri programvare - og dermed fritt i ordets mange
8960 betydninger. Det er alt vi trenger: stabilt, relativt enkelt å drifte
8961 (tross alt - et større windowssystem er ikke enkelt å holde live det
8962 heller), rimelig i innkjøp og drift, og sist, men ikke minst, det er
8963 moderne for sluttbruker! Linux, i sine mange varianter,
8964 <strong>ser</strong> nytt ut, fordi det hele tiden blir
8965 oppdatert. Derfor lever systemet opp til hvordan elever forventer at
8966 et moderne GUI skal være (i motsetning til WinXP :-).</p>
8967
8968 <p>Vi var veldig pragmatiske da vi begynte med linux i skolen. Det var
8969 billig, det fungerte og kunne bruke alle de gamle windows-maskinene
8970 som "nye" tynne klienter.  I dag er vi mer bevisste fri
8971 programvare-tilhengere.  Vi har oppdaget hva det er - og vi liker
8972 det!</p>
8973
8974 <p>En av de <strong>store</strong> fordelene med fri programvare er at
8975 vi kan installere tjenester vi ønsker å tilby brukerne våre - uten å
8976 måtte tenke på om vi har råd til lisensene (fordi det er ingen). Alt
8977 vi setter i produksjon er ut i fra brukernes behov og vår kapasitet
8978 til å drifte dem. Vi skreddersyr tjenestene etter behovet og dermed
8979 trenger vi ikke ende opp med å kjøpe en pakke der vi egentlig bare var
8980 interessert i en liten del av den.</p>
8981
8982 <p>Bruk av linux frigjør ikke økonomiske midler, fordi midlene til IKT
8983 i skole er for få i utgangspunktet - men vi får så
8984 <strong>mye</strong> mer igjen for dem når vi bruker en linux-løsning
8985 fremfor en windows-løsning. I praksis ser vi at vi måtte ut med det
8986 dobbelte på budsjettet vårt om vi skulle hatt en tilsvarende
8987 windows-løsning, som det vi i dag drifter med linux.</p>
8988
8989 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8990
8991 <p>Ikke all pedagogisk programvare er tilgjengelig. Det er en del
8992 programvare i skolen som er laget med utviklerverktøy som bare virker
8993 i windows, f.eks. Drillpro, LingDys/LingWrite. Det er også
8994 "programmer" som bare virker om du har tilgang til Microsoft Office,
8995 f.eks. AskiRaski.</p>
8996
8997 <p>Vi sliter også litt med at video-codecer ikke alltid er like lett å
8998 få opp å gå på klientene. Det er alltid en eller annen videosnutt fra
8999 nrk.no som ikke er så samarbeidsvillig, uansett mediaplayer.</p>
9000
9001 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9002
9003 <p>Alt :-) På skolen bruker vi det som finnes og som er nyttig. Det vi
9004 bruker mest er Firefox (jobber med Chrome, fordi det er
9005 <strong>mye</strong> raskere med Flash enn Firefox), OpenOffice (skal
9006 over til LibreOffice), GIMP osv. Standardpakken av
9007 sluttbrukerprogrammer.</p>
9008
9009 <p>På tjenernivå bruker vi OpenWebMail (skal over til Zimbra), Exim
9010 osv.</p>
9011
9012 <p>Personlig bruker jeg de fleste programmer over flere plattformer,
9013 men jeg har lagt meg til en vane å prioritere bruken av fri
9014 programvare også i Windows 7 og OSX.</p>
9015
9016 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9017 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9018
9019 <p>Jeg er langt i fra sikker. For det første handler det mye om at
9020 IKT-avdelingen i kommunen ofte er de som styrer hva som er IKT på
9021 skolene - og de liker å bruke avtalene med Microsoft, som de garantert
9022 har fra før.  Dessuten - Select 6-avtalen til skolene gjør Microsoft
9023 skvettbillig.</p>
9024
9025 <p>Vi la vekt på effektiv drift av systemet - og at vi kunne øke
9026 antall maskiner uten å måtte øke budsjett for utstyr eller personell
9027 særlig mye, enn om vi hadde gått for en Microsoft-løsning. I praksis
9028 ser vi at en ren linux-installasjon driftes til halve prisen av en
9029 Microsoft-løsning.</p>
9030
9031 <p>Vi har i praksis også sett at det lærerne (og elevene) liker er at
9032 vi tilbyr <strong>veldig</strong> mange tjenester som ikke er så
9033 vanlige i en Microsoft-løsning. Det er ikke så vanlig at
9034 <strong>elevene</strong> også har epost, hjemmekontor osv. Det har vi
9035 også brukt som et vellykket argument mot Microsoft.</p>
9036
9037 <p>Den beste måten er selvfølgelig at noen bare bestemmer
9038 det. Problemet er å få dem som har makt til å bestemme det til faktisk
9039 å gjøre det ;-)</p>
9040
9041       </div>
9042       <div class="tags">
9043
9044
9045         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9046
9047
9048       </div>
9049     </div>
9050     <div class="padding"></div>
9051
9052     <div class="entry">
9053       <div class="title">
9054         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Astri_Sletteng.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Astri Sletteng</a>
9055       </div>
9056       <div class="date">
9057         27th February 2011
9058       </div>
9059       <div class="body">
9060         <p>En dame som har bidratt lenge til fri programvare i skoleverket og
9061 i foreningen som organiserer skolelinux-utviklersamlinger,
9062 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, er neste
9063 intervjuoffer.  Det er en glede å her presentere en lærer fra Håkvik.</p>
9064
9065 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9066
9067 <p>Jeg heter Astri Sletteng. Jeg er lærer og IKT veileder ved Håkvik
9068 skole i Narvik kommune.  Min bakgrunn når det gjelder IKT: Av formell
9069 utdannelse har jeg lærerutdanning, Master i skoleledelse og IKT for
9070 lærere. Har jobba som IKT veileder siden 2002.</p>
9071
9072 <p>Det viktigste for meg som IKT veileder er å få fundamentert den
9073 5. basisferdigheten, digital kompetanse ved skolen min på en god måte
9074 slik at hele skolesamfunnet tar i bruk IKT i alle fag. Dette arbeidet
9075 gjøres i nært samarbeid med skolens ledelse.</p>
9076
9077 <p>Min viktigste jobb som IKT veileder er å være motivator og pådriver
9078 i IKT arbeidet ved skolen.</p>
9079
9080 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9081
9082 <p>Jobber i en kommune hvor vi satser på Fri programvare. I 2004 ble
9083 det gjort et politisk vedtak om at vi skulle innføre Skolelinux ved
9084 alle skolene i kommunen. Jeg har dermed en god del erfaring med
9085 Skolelinux, samt annen fri programvare som Open Office, Joomla, Moodle
9086 etc.</p>
9087
9088 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9089
9090 <p>Siden vi jobber med åpen kildekode kan vi få programmene og
9091 produktene tilpasset vår bruk. Det er jo heller ikke en ulempe at
9092 skolen kommer bedre ut økonomisk, men først og fremst er det viktig
9093 for oss at vi har digitale systemer som gjør at vi kan følge
9094 læreplanen i alle fag. Det syns jeg at vi kan gjøre gjennom
9095 Skolelinux.</p>
9096
9097 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9098
9099 <p>Skolen er avhengige av å ha folk på IT avdelinga i kommunen som kan
9100 drive support, og være tilgjengelige når vi trenger hjelp. Det er en
9101 ulempe at ikke alle på denne avdelingen nødvendigvis er god på
9102 Linux.</p>
9103
9104 <p>Vi har også noen utfordringer når det kommer til spesielle
9105 programmer som enkelte elever er avhengige av ? og som ikke er
9106 plattform uavhengige. Her har vi i Friprog-verden, men også
9107 departement en jobb å gjøre.</p>
9108
9109 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9110
9111 <p>Skolen vår bruker Skolelinux, Open Office, Iceweazel (Mozilla),
9112 VLC, Tux paint, Scribus, FreeMind, GIMP, digiKam, Ksnapshot, GeoGebra,
9113 Moodle (innført på alle klassetrinn + som et administrativt verktøy)
9114 og Joomla som hjemmeside.<p>
9115
9116 <p>Det er de jeg kommer på i farten. I tillegg har vi Smartboard
9117 installert på server, men det regnes vel ikke som fri programvare?</p>
9118
9119 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9120 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9121
9122 <p>Først og fremst trenger skolen oppetider på sine datasystemer. Syns
9123 også at det at vi kan få tilpasset plattform og systemer til vår bruk
9124 er en god strategi å bruke.</p>
9125
9126       </div>
9127       <div class="tags">
9128
9129
9130         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9131
9132
9133       </div>
9134     </div>
9135     <div class="padding"></div>
9136
9137     <div class="entry">
9138       <div class="title">
9139         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Rub_n_Romero_y_Cordero.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Rubén Romero y Cordero</a>
9140       </div>
9141       <div class="date">
9142         16th February 2011
9143       </div>
9144       <div class="body">
9145         <p>Styret i foreningen som organiserer skolelinux-utviklersamlinger,
9146 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, er fullt av
9147 flinke folk.  Denne gangen har jeg fått et ferskt styremedlem som
9148 kommer fra Ubuntu-miljøet i tale.</p>
9149
9150 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9151
9152 <p>Rubén Romero y Cordero, 81-modell, deltidspappa (50%) for en jente
9153 på 6 år. Jobber i Oslo som Global Sales Executive hos Varnish Software
9154 og til daglig har jeg kontakt med kunder fra hele verden. Min
9155 forkjærlighet for fri programvare har gjort at jeg har nå flere års
9156 erfaring med salg av slike løsninger (bl.a. fra Redpill Linpro og
9157 Freecode) og mye innsikt og kunnskap om det globale IT-markedet.
9158 Ellers er jeg involvert i flere prosjekter bl.a. er jeg Ubuntu
9159 Community medlem, kontaktpersonen for Ubuntu Norge og driveren av
9160 SpreadUbuntu marketing prosjektet og nå fersk styremedlem i FRISK. Jeg
9161 har brukt GNU/Linux siden 1997.</p>
9162
9163 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9164
9165 <p>Som Debian bruker siden slutten av 90-tallet var det uunngåelig å
9166 ikke komme bort i Skolelinux. Dette var vel i slutten av 2001 når jeg
9167 var student ved UiO. Flere år senere fikk jeg lastet og testet Venus
9168 (Skolelinux 1.0) på release dagen.</p>
9169
9170 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9171
9172 <p>Fri programvare bygges sten for sten i det åpne, slik at koden og
9173 prosessen den lages på kan gjennomskues av andre enn de som har laget
9174 det. Det er et vitenskapelig og gjennomsiktig måte å lage programvare
9175 på.</p>
9176
9177 <p>Skoler i vårt samfunn skal være steder hvor vitenskapelig kunnskap
9178 deles til alle.  I dag har vi ikke et vitenskapelig tilnærming til
9179 hvordan programvaren som brukes på skolen lages. Skolelinux bringer
9180 inn at slik tilnærming i skoleverkets klasserom, siden
9181 operativsystemet er en åpent platform som gir skolene muligheten til å
9182 dra nytte av programvare som er laget av tusenvis av mennesker verden
9183 rundt og som gir elevene så vel som lærerne muligheten til å bruke,
9184 dele, forandre og forbedre OSet sitt uten begrensninger. I den
9185 forbindelsen representerer Skolelinux også konkrete resultater utfra
9186 samhandling på tvers av grenser.</p>
9187
9188 <p>Når det gjelder de tekniske fordelene av Skolelinux er jeg sikker
9189 på at andre enn meg har allerede beskrevet disse bedre enn det jeg
9190 kan.  Men jeg kan likevel tilføye noe: Skolelinux som sådan er en
9191 community-drevet operativsystemplatform. Som i ethvert
9192 community-prosjekt har alle Skolelinux brukere muligheten til å
9193 påvirke retning av prosjektet og resultatet som gjenspeiles i
9194 programvaren. Dette kommer sjeldent frem og jeg mener at det er noe
9195 som burde fokuseres mer på.</p>
9196
9197 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9198
9199 <p>De største ulempene er:</p>
9200
9201 <ul>
9202 <li>Mangel på kompetanse</li>
9203 <li>Mangel av administrative verktøy som kunne hjelpe lokale IT
9204   avdelinger å bruke Skolelinux til mer enn bare en tjener for
9205   terminalklienter. Et eksempel: Zentyal sin web-dashboard.</li>
9206 </ul>
9207
9208 <p>Bedre og mer intuitive administrative verktøy kunne løst deler av
9209 problemet, men det er unektelig at ved bruk av Skolelinux må
9210 IT-personalet vite hva de gjør for å få ting gjort riktig, eller i det
9211 hele tatt. Med andre platformer er kompetansen enklere tilgjengelig og
9212 løsningene kan fungere på en tilfredstillende, om ikke riktig
9213 måte.</p>
9214
9215 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9216
9217 <p>Har brukt GNU/Linux utelukkende sommitt skrivebord OS siden 2000. I
9218 dag bruker jeg Ubuntu og gjør det meste med friprogramvare verktøyene
9219 som er tilgjengelige der. Med over 20.000 programmer å velge mellom er
9220 dette mer enn nok for de fleste brukerne.</p>
9221
9222 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9223 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9224
9225 <p>Opplysning og pragmatikk.  Vi prøver å løse problemer med bruk av
9226 programvare. De fleste utfordringene skolene har på IKT-siden kan
9227 løses ved hjelp av friprogramvareverktøy i dag. Det som trenges er
9228 opplysning, kunnskap og kompetanse.</p>
9229
9230       </div>
9231       <div class="tags">
9232
9233
9234         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9235
9236
9237       </div>
9238     </div>
9239     <div class="padding"></div>
9240
9241     <div class="entry">
9242       <div class="title">
9243         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Morten_Amundsen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Morten Amundsen</a>
9244       </div>
9245       <div class="date">
9246         23rd January 2011
9247       </div>
9248       <div class="body">
9249         <p>Denne gangen er det Tromsøkontoret til Friprog-senteret, og nyvalgt
9250 styremedlem i <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen
9251 FRISK</a> jeg har fått i tale i min intervjuserie med
9252 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-folk.</p>
9253
9254 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9255
9256 <p>Jeg heter Morten Amundsen og jobber i
9257 <a href="http://www.friprog.no/">Friprog.no</a>, men er for tiden leid
9258 ut til <a href="http://www.bredbandsfylket.no/">Bredbåndsfylket
9259 Troms</a> der jeg jobber med ett prosjekt som heter
9260 "<a href="http://www.bredbandsfylket.no/skolefjoela.157417.no.html">Skolefjøla</a>"
9261 Vi ser på en åpen løsning som integrerer eksisterende lukkete
9262 løsninger sammen med fri programvare. Målet er å gi elever og lærere
9263 en plattform som de kan tilpasse utfra behov.</p>
9264
9265 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9266
9267 <p>Skolelinux har jeg møtt ved flere anledninger opp gjennom åra, både gjennom
9268 entusiastiske skolelinuxbrukere og skeptiske "forståsegpåere" :-)</p>
9269
9270 <p>Jeg husker en leverandør av et stort OS for noen år siden mente at
9271 Skolelinux var kun for hackere og nerder og at ingen seriøse skoler
9272 kunne ta dette i bruk.  Heldigvis er kunnskapen større nå og
9273 skikkelige "IT-folk" søker alltid å utvide sin kunnskap.
9274
9275 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9276
9277 <p>Ja det er mange fordeler. Uavhengighet, stabilitet, åpenhet, standarder
9278 osv. Tror det er viktig at man ikke begrenser mulighetene på den plattformen
9279 elevene skal jobbe.</p>
9280
9281 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9282
9283 <p>Det største hinderet er det vi opplever på andre områder rundt
9284 fri programvare, nemlig kunnskap. For mange er det trygt å velge det vi
9285 alltid har valgt. Fordi leverandørene rundt oss sitter på den kunnskapen og
9286 de vi støtter oss på har den samme.  Hvis vi klarer å riste løs litt og
9287 glemme gamle kriger mellom operativsystemer og  leverandører, men sette ned
9288 hva som er viktig og velge ut fra det, så hadde man kanskje kommet ut med
9289 litt andre resultat. Jeg tror IT-folk er konservative og velger tradisjonelt
9290 og det er synd.</p>
9291
9292 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9293
9294 <p>Jeg bruker Ubuntu, Android, Jolicloud, Open Office, Zimbra, Picasa
9295 og Firefox samt en bråte med tjenester som er webbasert. Det eneste
9296 som er betalingslisens for er OSX.  Ser at jeg jobber mer og mer i
9297 skyen og setter pris på alt jeg slipper egen klient til.  Derfor er
9298 jeg veldig sjarmert av små kjappe operativsystemer som krever minimalt
9299 av maskinvaren.</p>
9300
9301 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9302 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9303
9304 <p>Tror en blanding av krav og informasjon er veien å gå. Krav om
9305 sikkerhet, oppetid og åpne standarder.  Informasjon om muligheter og
9306 alternativer. Her har leverandører, IT-avdelinger og pedagoger en vei
9307 å gå sammen. Det er til slutt LÆRING det dreier seg om, og da må man
9308 få mest mulig læring for pengene man har.</p>
9309
9310       </div>
9311       <div class="tags">
9312
9313
9314         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9315
9316
9317       </div>
9318     </div>
9319     <div class="padding"></div>
9320
9321     <div class="entry">
9322       <div class="title">
9323         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Sturle_Sunde.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Sturle Sunde</a>
9324       </div>
9325       <div class="date">
9326         19th January 2011
9327       </div>
9328       <div class="body">
9329         <p>Denne gang har jeg fått tak i en mangeårig unix-mann som etter
9330 mange år ved Universitetet i Oslo, der jeg først traff ham, har
9331 flyttet tilbake til vestlandet, og der bidratt til å revitalisere
9332 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-oppsettet i
9333 Florø.</p>
9334
9335 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9336
9337 <p>Sturle Sunde, ansvarleg for skulenettet i Flora kommune.  Eg driv,
9338 vidareutviklar og er andrelinje brukarstøtte for datanettet ved
9339 skulane i Flora kommune.  10 skular og meir enn 700 maskiner med
9340 Linux, medrekna tynnklientar.  Tidlegare jobba eg i mange år med
9341 unix-drift ved Universitetets senter for informasjonsteknologi ved
9342 Universitetet i Oslo.</p>
9343
9344 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9345
9346 <p>Det er vanskeleg å svare konkret på.  Eg har drive med Unix og Linux i
9347 alle år, og Skulelinux er eit godt kjent prosjekt i miljøet.  Det var
9348 først i 2008, då eg tok til i min noverande jobb, at eg fekk bruk for
9349 Skulelinux for alvor.</p>
9350
9351 <p>Jobben min skulle vere drift av eit nytt skulenett i Flora kommune,
9352 levert av eit firma eg ikkje vil reklamere for.  Systemet skulle vere
9353 ferdig levert i september året før.  Dette viste seg å ta mykje lenger
9354 tid, og i haustferien 2008 hadde dei endå ikkje klart å få opp ei
9355 fungerande løysing.  Situasjonen var prekær for den største skulen i
9356 kommunen med meir enn 500 elevar på ungdomssteget.  Skulen hadde brukt
9357 Skulelinux før, og var tilfredse med det.  No hadde dei vore utan
9358 fungerande datasystem i nesten eit år.  Difor fekk eg opp ein ny tenar
9359 utanfor prosjektet og installerte Skulelinux på den.  Etter litt
9360 justering av konfigurasjonen med god hjelp av #skolelinux på IRC, var
9361 den nye tenaren oppe og gjekk med både tynne og halv-tjukke klientar.
9362 Autentisering gjekk mot det nye systemet, slik at elevar og lærarar
9363 framleis har same brukarnamn og passord over alt.  Dette berre
9364 fungerte, og vi bestemte oss for å erstatte delar av løysinga vi
9365 skulle få levert med Skulelinux.</p>
9366
9367 <p>Det høyrer med til historia at det nye systemet eg skulle drive frå
9368 januar 2008 endå ikkje er ferdig levert.  Dei jobbar med saka, seier
9369 dei, og har von om å fullføre leveransen i løpet av 2011.</p>
9370
9371 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9372
9373 <p>Det er veldig mange.  Eg skal ta nokre få.</p>
9374
9375 <p>Den viktigaste fordelen er at det igrunn berre er ei maskin å passe
9376 på, og det er tenaren.  Med andre løysingar har ein gjerne programvare
9377 og anna som skal vedlikehaldast på kvar enkelt maskin.  Med Skulelinux
9378 kan alle feil rettast og alle program oppgraderast på alle maskiner
9379 samstundes ved å gjere endringa som må til på tenaren.  Eg kan sitje
9380 på kontoret og passe på alle tenarane i kommunen derifrå.</p>
9381
9382 <ul>
9383
9384 <li>Tynne klientar gjer det mogleg å bruke eldre utstyr lenge, so lenge
9385 tenaren er sterk nok.  Ein liten tenar med eit par halv-moderne CPUar
9386 og 2 GiB RAM held lenge for eit typisk klasserom med 30 tynnklientar,
9387 og det er lett å utvide med fleire.
9388
9389 <li>Halvtjukke klientar gjer det mogleg å utnytte kapasiteten i litt
9390 nyare maskiner betre, og avlaste tenaren.  Ingenting vert installert
9391 lokalt på desse heller, og harddisken kan gjerne koblast frå.  Gode
9392 halvtjukke klientar kan kjøpast brukt for under 1000-lappen, og det er
9393 heile kostnaden.  Ingen lisensar eller anna på toppen, og det er ikkje
9394 krav til kraftigare tenar heller.
9395
9396 <li>Det er Linux.  Vi har ikkje noko kluss med drivarar, dei berre er
9397 der.  Heller ikkje med virus, dei finst i realiteten ikkje.  Eller med
9398 elevar som klussar med installert programvare, for dei klarar ikkje å
9399 øydeleggje for nokon andre enn seg sjølve.
9400
9401 </ul>
9402
9403 <p>Skulelinux er lagt opp til å vere veldig lett å installere rett ut
9404 av boksen på ein heil skule av ein interessert lærar.  Det er ofte ei
9405 god løysing for skulen.  Å ha nokon til stades som kjenner systemet og
9406 kan forklare enkle ting eller løyse problem der og då, er uvurderleg
9407 viktig for ein stressa lærar fem minutt før det ringer inn.</p>
9408
9409 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9410
9411 <p>All den ferdige konfigurasjonen gjer det tungvint å tilpasse
9412 Skulelinux til eit system som skal fungere saman med mange andre
9413 installasjonar i eit felles datanett for skulane i ein kommune.  Det
9414 heile er prekonfigurert for ein skule, og utviding til mange skular
9415 med eigne tenarar er ikkje berre enkelt.</p>
9416
9417 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9418
9419 <p>Eg brukar mest alle små hjelpeprogram som føl med operativsystemet,
9420 samt scriptspråket perl.  Elles er Firefox/Iceweasel, Gnome-terminal
9421 og ssh i kontinuerleg bruk.  Av Linux-distribusjonar brukar eg både
9422 Debian, Ubuntu, SuSE og RedHat dagleg.  Eg prøvar å finne det verktyet
9423 som passar best til kvar del av jobben.</p>
9424
9425 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9426 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9427
9428 <p>Det er to målgrupper ein må sikte mot.  Det eine er alle skulane som
9429 manglar eller har eit lite tilfredsstillande opplegg i dag, og ikkje
9430 har råd til å kjøpe noko nytt og blankpussa opplegg.  Der er det om å
9431 gjere å gjere det enkelt for skulane å finne Skulelinux, og gjere det
9432 enkelt for dei å få hjelp til installasjon på skulen.  Gjerne med
9433 lokale kontaktpersonar.  Her er det dugnadsinnsats som må til, for
9434 desse skulane har ikkje råd til å betale for dette.</p>
9435
9436 <p>Den andre og kanskje viktigare målgruppa er dei meir eller mindre
9437 profesjonelle kundane.  Alle store offentlege innkjøp, inkludert
9438 innkjøp av nytt datasystem for skular, må ut på offentleg anbod.
9439 Offentlege anbod er mykje meir lukka enn dei gjev inntrykk av, og både
9440 regelboka og boka med triks for å sminke tilbodet er tjukk.  Det er
9441 vanskeleg å komme inn utan eit solid salsapparat i ryggen.  Kanskje
9442 Skulelinux skulle prøve aktivt å få seg eit partnarskap med eit av dei
9443 store som gjerne vil sterkare inn på den offentlege IT-marknaden?
9444 Nokon som kjenner triksa og har krefter til å ta opp kampen mot både
9445 dårlege anbod og Rudolf Blostrupmoen IT AS.  Leveranse til skulane i
9446 ein kommune er ein god måte å få ein fot inn døra som leverandør til
9447 ein lukrativ kommunemarknad som kjøper alle tenester.  Ta kontakt med
9448 nokon som er passeleg store og ikkje er Microsoft-partnar, og fortell:
9449 «Vi har eit ferdig produkt som du kan selje.  Nei vi skal ikkje ha for
9450 det.  Du kan gjerne gjere kva du vil med det, berre vi får lov til å
9451 hjelpe deg.  Målgruppa er alle kommunar, og det er noko dei vil ha.
9452 Det er eit godt produkt, brukt av mange og godt likt.»</p>
9453
9454       </div>
9455       <div class="tags">
9456
9457
9458         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9459
9460
9461       </div>
9462     </div>
9463     <div class="padding"></div>
9464
9465     <div class="entry">
9466       <div class="title">
9467         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Embrik_Kaslegard.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Embrik Kaslegard</a>
9468       </div>
9469       <div class="date">
9470         16th January 2011
9471       </div>
9472       <div class="body">
9473         <p>Neste ut i min intervjuserie med folk i
9474 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a> er
9475 lærer, mangeårig bidragsyter på epostlistene og tidligere
9476 Skolelinux-administrator på en skole i Hemsedal.</p>
9477
9478 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9479
9480 <p>Embrik Kaslegard, 1964-modell, fire barn (7-20 år). Begynte som
9481 lærer i 1989 - har hatt IKT-ansvar siden første året i jobb. Har
9482 jobbet som lærer/IKT-ansvarlig uavbrutt siden 1989. Jobbet med
9483 Skolelinux fra 2004 til 2010. Nå har jeg fått ny arbeidsplass og er
9484 40% lærer og 60% IKT med Windows XP, Win2003 server og et regionalt
9485 IKT-regime som legger premissene og begrensingene for hva vi kan gjøre
9486 på skolen.</p>
9487
9488 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9489
9490 <p>Jeg leste en artikkel om en dugnadsinstallasjon av Skolelinux på en
9491 skole på Jæren et sted. Tanken om dugnad og frihet appellerte til
9492 meg. Da vi skulle bygge ny skole var det en del vi måtte spare på,
9493 fordi vi beveget oss mot en kostnadssprekk. Kabling og investering i
9494 PC-er var en av tingene vi sparte på. Derfor kjøpe vi 72 pc-er for 390
9495 pr stk. En filtjener og en applikasjonsserver.</p>
9496
9497 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9498
9499 <p>Fordelen er at så mye er satt opp fra starten. I tillegg er det
9500 tydelig at pakka er laga for skoleverket. Brukerne har egne
9501 skrivebord, tilgang på mange gode verktøyprogrammer. Vi slipper å
9502 tenke på virus. Brukerne har ikke mulighet til å ødelegge
9503 klientoppsett, men har gode muligheter til å endre eget oppsett. Dette
9504 tror jeg er inspirerende og kjekt for mange brukere.  Mappestrukturen
9505 er ferdig og det er "enkelt" å designe lokale mappestrukturer via
9506 skeleton.  Noen av oss i skoleverket mener skolen skal være en
9507 "mot-kultur". Da er Skolelinux et av valgene man kan ta. Et annet er å
9508 spise på indisk restaurant i stedet for Mc Donald's når vi er på bytur
9509 osv.. Ordene deling, frihet, dugnad osv er positive ord i
9510 skoleverket. Det er viktig at elevene blir bevisst dette.</p>
9511
9512 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9513
9514 <p>Kompabiliteten er selvsagt et problem, selv om det er mindre nå enn
9515 før.  For IKT-personer på skolene som skal drifte dette er det
9516 problematisk med kommandoer i terminalen.  I tillegg er det alt for
9517 mange programmer i Skolelinux som ikke blir brukt.  Jeg tror
9518 Skolelinux er tjent med å tone ned begrepet pedagogisk programvare.
9519 Slik jeg ser det finnes ikke denne kategorien programmer lengre slik
9520 de gjorde før, som frittsående programmer som installeres på en
9521 datamaskin eller på serveren.  Det finnes en del spesialpedagogiske
9522 programmer, som Textpilot, LingDys, LingRight, AskiRaski, Ny i Norge
9523 osv.  Men dette er programmer for enkelt-elever eller små grupper av
9524 elever.  Det som bør være fokus er at alle undervisningsressurser som
9525 lages for nettet skal være nettleseruavhengig.</p>
9526
9527 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9528
9529 <p>OpenOffice bruker jeg til vanlig kontorarbeide.  VLC bruker jeg som
9530 videoavspiller og av og til streaming av film.  Gimp bruker jeg i
9531 undervisningen til bildemanipulering. Firefox og Chrome er mine
9532 favoritt-nettlesere.  Firefox har lenge vært førstevalget mitt, nå
9533 bruker jeg mest Chrome.  Opplever den som raskere og smidigere enn
9534 Firefox.  Ubuntu bruker jeg som dualboot på jobb-maskinen min i
9535 tillegg til at alle PCer hjemme har en eller annen Ubuntu-distribusjon
9536 installert.  Jeg bruker Clonezilla på Ubuntu 10.04 til kloning av
9537 datamaskiner på jobb.  Det er selvsagt en haug andre frie programmer
9538 jeg bruker men jeg bruker dem ikke daglig.  Jeg kan ramse opp:
9539 recordmydesktop, cinelerra, acidrip, soundjuicer, audacity, NX
9540 (no-machine), Kino, Rythmbox...</p>
9541
9542 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9543 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9544
9545 <p>Jeg tror oppsøkende virksomhet er den rette strategien.
9546 Ressurspersoner gjør avtaler med rådmenn, skolesjefer, rektorer.  Det
9547 er slik konkurrentene gjør det.  Fokuset i slike samtaler bør være
9548 kost-nytte.  Dersom personer med økonomisk ansvar ser at de kan få
9549 like godt tilbud til mindre utgifter, tror jeg det er mulighet til å
9550 få innpass.  Dersom de også kan få konkrete tilbud på drift i slike
9551 samtaler, vil de kanskje bli litt mer interesserte i hvor mye penger
9552 som faktisk går til IKT i skolene.  Det er også viktig at vi ikke
9553 firer for mye på krav til datamaskiner.  Det er flott at Skolelinux
9554 går på "utrangert" utstyr, men dette bør bare presenteres som et
9555 alternativ.  Skolelinux-installasjoner med utrangert utstyr er ikke å
9556 foretrekke dersom man kan unngå det. Det skaper ikke entusiasme hos
9557 brukerne (elever og lærere) når de bruker gamle datamaskiner som går
9558 tregt.  Det er kjempefint med skoler som har kommet seg frem til
9559 Skolelinux og fri programvare av seg selv, men de lever på nåde.
9560 Slike valg må fundamenteres hos skoleeier.</p>
9561
9562 <p>Oppdatering 2011-01-16 22:40: Oppdatert svarene for de tre siste
9563 spørsmålene litt mer tekst fra Embrik.</p>
9564
9565       </div>
9566       <div class="tags">
9567
9568
9569         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9570
9571
9572       </div>
9573     </div>
9574     <div class="padding"></div>
9575
9576     <div class="entry">
9577       <div class="title">
9578         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Viggo_Fedreheim.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Viggo Fedreheim</a>
9579       </div>
9580       <div class="date">
9581         12th January 2011
9582       </div>
9583       <div class="body">
9584         <p>Jeg fortsetter min intervjuserie med folk i
9585 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a>.  Denne
9586 gang er det en av folkene som har vært med lenge og som har tatt i
9587 bruk Skolelinux på alle skolene i Narvik kommune som skal i ilden.
9588 Han er styremedlem i
9589 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen
9590 FRISK</a>.</p>
9591
9592 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9593
9594 <p>Mitt navn er Viggo Fedreheim, og jeg er pedagogisk og teknisk
9595 IKT-veileder for alle skoler i Narvik kommune.  Jeg drifter totalt 17
9596 servere basert på Skolelinux og Debian. Jeg holder i tillegg noen kurs
9597 mellom all driftingen. For tiden arbeider jeg med en sentral
9598 LDAP-tjener for alle skoleservere samt våre Moodle- og
9599 Joomla-installasjoner.</p>
9600
9601 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9602
9603 <p>Gjennom en eller annen nettavis i 2001 der var det skrevet om
9604 Skolelinux.  Artikkelen ga meg lyst til å prøve ut systemet.</p>
9605
9606 <p>Det startet i 2002 ved at jeg installerte en av de første utgavene
9607 av Skolelinux på en standard pc på Solneset skole i Tromsø.  Denne var
9608 oppe fram til desember 2003 da jeg sluttet på den skolen og begynte i
9609 ny jobb i Narvik kommune.</p>
9610
9611 <p> I Narvik kommune var det i 2004 kun 2 servere på da totalt 15
9612 skoler. Disse var Windows NT baserte. På disse to skolene var det lite
9613 med maskiner.  Jobben med å få Narvik Kommune opp på akseptabelt nivå
9614 virket å være formidabel.  Men med hjelp av gode kollegaer og leder
9615 skrev jeg en IKT plan for Narvik kommune som ble vedtatt av politikere
9616 i august 2004. I denne planen ble det bestemt at Narvik kommune skulle
9617 bruke Skolelinux.  Her ble det også satt av midler til kabling av god
9618 infrastruktur på alle skoler samt innkjøp av nye datamaskiner.  Så i
9619 dag har vi 17 servere hvorav 13 er på Skolelinux, med ca 1500 klienter
9620 basert på tynne, "halvtykke" og et stort antall bærbare pcer basert på
9621 Kubuntu.</p>
9622
9623 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9624
9625 <p>Lisenskostnader, driftkostnader og hardwarekrav som er mye lavere
9626 enn for andre systemer.</p>
9627
9628 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9629
9630 <p>Pedagogiske programvare som ikke fungerer mot Linux. En Stoooor
9631 flaskehals og som gjør at Linux kanskje ikke blir valgt andre
9632 plasser.</p>
9633
9634 <p>Eksempler er Relemo, Lindys (lingit sine programmer), 5plus
9635 (matematikk).  Disse er programmer som ikke lar seg kjøre i Linux.</p>
9636
9637 <p> Men det ser ut for at mange leverandører går over til mer
9638 nettbaserte programmer istedet for å installere lokalt.  Dette med
9639 enkelte leverandører som ikke kan levere programmer til Linux er et
9640 lite problem og over tid tror jeg at denne barrieren er borte.</p>
9641
9642 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9643
9644 <p>Kjører Kubuntu på laptoper, Debian squeeze på stasjonær
9645 kontorpc. Ut over dette arbeder jeg svært mye via konsoll mot andre
9646 servere.</p>
9647
9648       </div>
9649       <div class="tags">
9650
9651
9652         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9653
9654
9655       </div>
9656     </div>
9657     <div class="padding"></div>
9658
9659     <div class="entry">
9660       <div class="title">
9661         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Arnt_Ove_Gregersen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Arnt Ove Gregersen</a>
9662       </div>
9663       <div class="date">
9664          9th January 2011
9665       </div>
9666       <div class="body">
9667         <p>Inspirert av
9668 <a href="http://raphaelhertzog.com/tag/interview/">intervjurunden</a>
9669 som Raphael Hertzog har startet med folk i Debianprosjektet, fikk jeg
9670 lyst til å gjøre det samme med folk i
9671 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a>.  Håpet
9672 er at de som til daglig bidrar til å fremme fri programvare i
9673 skoleverket og utvikler en linux-distribusjon spesiallaget for
9674 skolebruk kan bli bedre kjent og kanskje inspirere flere til å bidra
9675 til Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
9676
9677 <p>Først ut er nyvalgt leder i
9678 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen FRISK</a> som
9679 organiserer utviklingen av Skolelinux-distribusjonen.  FRISK trenger
9680 alltid flere medlemmer, så
9681 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/index.php?page=signup">meld
9682 deg gjerne inn</a> hvis du vil støtte oss.</p>
9683
9684 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9685
9686 <p><!-- Mitt navn er Arnt Ove Gregersen, jeg er en småbarnfar på 32 år som
9687 for tiden bor Trondheim. -->
9688 Mitt navn er Arnt Ove Gregersen, jeg er 32 år og bor for tiden i Trondheim.
9689
9690 Her jobber jeg som systemutvikler i et firma
9691 som heter <a href="http://www.geomatikk-ikt.no/">Geomatikk IKT AS</a>,
9692 hvor jeg er på et Vegmeldings-prosjekt for Statens Vegvesen. På
9693 fritiden er jeg styreleder i FRISK (Fri programvare i skolen) og
9694 bidrar til bl.a. Skolelinux-prosjektet når jeg får tid til det. Det er
9695 primært hjemmesiden til Skolelinux-prosjektet og
9696 <a href="http://linuxveiviseren.no/">Linux-veiviseren</a> jeg har
9697 jobbet med her, men jeg har også gjort en del arbeid i forhold til
9698 FRISK sin hjemmeside.</p>
9699
9700 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9701
9702 <p>Jeg var på en presentasjon av prosjektet i regi av Knut Yrvin på
9703 Gløshaugen i Trondheim, hvor jeg fattet stor interesse for prosjektet
9704 og ville hjelpe til så godt jeg kunne.  Dette var vel i 2002 eller
9705 2003.</p>
9706
9707 <p>Jeg hadde fra før hørt om prosjektet fra før og syntes tanken bak var
9708 ganske fin, men hadde ikke noen interesse av bruke min egen fritid på
9709 det selv.</p>
9710
9711 <p>I etterkant av presentasjonen startet jeg og noen andre fra
9712 Trondheim "Skolelinux-prosjektet i Sør-Trøndelag" . Hvor vi var med å
9713 bidra til at Trondheim kommune satte igang Selsbakk ungdomskole som et
9714 pilotprosjekt med Skolelinux, som egentlig var og er en stor suksess,
9715 men det virker ut som det ikke skjer noe mer på. I tillegg var vi med
9716 på dugnad på Brundalen videregående skole hvor vi installerte
9717 Skolelinux som såvidt jeg vet fortsatt kjører på Skolelinux.</p>
9718
9719 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9720
9721 <p>Det bygger på fri programvare og har lav kostnad i forhold til
9722 nytteverdien. Dette fordi det har forholdsvis lav inngangsum og bruker
9723 en arkitektur med sentral-drift som gir mange driftfordeler.  I
9724 tillegg vil det kunne frigjøre kostnader for skolene slik at de kan
9725 bruke dem til å ansette f,eks flere lærere om det er ønskelig.</p>
9726
9727 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9728
9729 <P>Ikke all pedagogisk programvare er tilgjengelig der, som f.eks
9730 Drillpro om jeg ikke husker feil.</p>
9731
9732 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9733
9734 <p>Til utvikling av Java-applikasjoner og Android bruker jeg Eclipse og
9735 Quanta til web-utvikling via php. For all bildebehandling bruker jeg
9736 GIMP og Blender til 3d-modellering . Dessverre har Blender en bratt
9737 læringskurve i starten, men det er absolutt verdt det.
9738
9739 <p>Til musikk bruker jeg stort Rhytmbox. Firefox til surfing på nettet og
9740 Thunderbird og Evolution til e-post,
9741
9742 <p>På database-siden bruker jeg PostgreSQL, Postgis og av og til Mysql.
9743
9744 <p>Når jeg får tid til å spille bruker jeg som regel et strategi-spill
9745 som er basert på TA Spring-motoren (springrts.com), her er det et
9746 veldig bra utvalg av gratis spill som er av høy kvalitet. Veldig lett
9747 å bli hektet :)</p>
9748
9749       </div>
9750       <div class="tags">
9751
9752
9753         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9754
9755
9756       </div>
9757     </div>
9758     <div class="padding"></div>
9759
9760     <div class="entry">
9761       <div class="title">
9762         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Inspirerende_fra_en_ukjent_Skolelinux_skole.html">Inspirerende fra en ukjent Skolelinux-skole</a>
9763       </div>
9764       <div class="date">
9765          4th January 2011
9766       </div>
9767       <div class="body">
9768         <p>Følgende inspirerende historie fant jeg i
9769 <a href="http://www.digi.no/php/ny_debatt.php?id=858869#innlegg_770926">kommentarfeltet
9770 hos digi.no</a> i forbindelse med en trist sak om hvordan
9771 <a href="http://www.digi.no/858869/datakaos-etter-linux-satsing">skolen
9772 i Hemsedal har fått ødelagt</a> sin Skolelinux-installasjon.  Jeg har
9773 fikset endel åpenbare skrivefeil for lesbarhetens skyld.</p>
9774
9775 <blockquote>
9776 <p><strong>Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
9777 <br>av Inspektør Siri (gjest)
9778
9779 <p>Kommunen min har to omtrent jevnstore tettsteder, og en
9780 ungdomsskole i hvert av tettstedene. Den minste av disse har ca 300
9781 elever og til denne sogner det 3 barneskoler. Den største har ca 350
9782 elever og til denne sogner det 4 barneskoler.</p>
9783
9784 <ul>
9785
9786 <li>Kommunen har i veldig lang tid forsømt IKT i skolen, og det har
9787 bare blitt gitt smuler i ny og ne. Det er kun den største av
9788 ungdomsskolene som har hatt en skikkelig datapark, og dette takket
9789 være en naturfaglærer som ble lei av å vente på kommunen. Det gjorde
9790 at vi bestemte oss for å ta ting i egne hender, og da vha
9791 skolelinux. En testinstallasjon med 10 gamle PCer ble gjort, og vi så
9792 raskt at dette var veldig lovende. Neste etappe var å gi alle lærere
9793 egen PC på arbeidsplassene sine (2004), og så sette opp 16 PCer på to
9794 datarom. Vi har kun basert oss på å kjøpe inn brukte maskiner, og
9795 aldri dyrere enn 1000 kr pr klient. For to år siden så hadde vi
9796 klienter i alle klasserom, og totalt hadde vi da rundt 250 stk. Rundt
9797 40 klienter brukes av lærerne og kjører på en egen server. Elvene har
9798 resten, og kjører også en egen server. Servere har vi også kjøpt
9799 brukt, 2 år gamle servere koster 6-7000 kroner.</li>
9800
9801 <li>Skolen vår er et relativt gammelt bygg, men en meget dyktig
9802 vaktmester har sammen med IKT-ansvarlig/Naturfaglærer lagt kabler til alle
9803 rom. Gradvis har vi byttet ut billige svitsjer med mer solide saker
9804 som er mulig å fjernstyre.</li>
9805
9806 <li>Vi har i all hovedsak greid å få dette til over eget budsjett, men
9807 vi har også passet på å få penger når de andre skolene har fått
9808 bærbare PCer til lærere osv.</li>
9809
9810 <li>Vår IKT-ansvarlig har gjort (og gjør) en fenomenal jobb, og vi har
9811 en maskinpark som de andre av kommunens skoler bare kan drømme
9812 om.</li>
9813
9814 </ul>
9815
9816 <p>Så skjer det som ofte skjer. Det kommer en eller annen
9817 selger/blåruss og skal fikse ALT. I vårt tilfelle betyr dette også
9818 sentralisering av drift. Den ny-ansatte på kommunens IT-avdelingen
9819 skal også ha jobb, og ser for seg å ta over skoledriften. Kommunen
9820 kjøper inn eksterne driftstjenester, og nekter i samme slengen å ta
9821 hensyn til skolen vår. Dette til tross for at vi alene har like mange
9822 datamaskiner som de andre til sammen. </p>
9823
9824 <ul>
9825
9826 <li>Det blir krevd at vi skal innlemmes i de kommunale systemet, og
9827 det er VI som får ansvar for at dette kommer på plass. Og det er her
9828 de horrible tingene begynner å skje. </li>
9829
9830 <li>Det settes opp en lukket Exchange server som gjør av vi ikke kan
9831 hente epost for våre ansatte. Og det kreves at vi finner løsning på
9832 dette.</li>
9833
9834 <li>Det velges sak arkivsystem som vi pålegges å bruke, noe som gjør
9835 at vi må bruke en terminalløsning mot kommunal server. Ikke i seg selv
9836 et problem i følge IKT-ansvarlig hos oss. Men kommunens IT-avd nektet
9837 faktisk å åpne de porter OSV som vi måtte bruke.</li>
9838
9839 <li>Vi blir pålagt å flytte på innsiden av det kommunale
9840 nettverket. Dette gjorde at vi mistet hjemmekontor for lærere og
9841 elever. Å få åpnet porter i kommunal brannmur var ikke
9842 aktuelt. Mulighet for fjerndrift ble også vekk i samme slengen. </li>
9843
9844 <li>Vår LMS Moodle er ikke mulig å nå for elevene og lærerne.
9845
9846 </ul>
9847
9848 <p>Den andre ungdomsskolen i kommunen begynner så å kreve at de skal
9849 få bedre datatetthet, og komme opp på et nivå som ligner det vi
9850 har. De ser at vi kan avholde eksamen hvor alle 10. klassingene får
9851 sitte ved hver sin PC. Og de har fått tilbakemelding (klager) fra VGS
9852 om manglende datakompetanse på elevene som kommer fra dem. Dette fører
9853 videre til at kommunen endelig innser at de må ta grep. </p>
9854
9855 <p>Grepet betyr sentralisering, og farvel til vår plattform får vi
9856 høre. Det blir gjort en rekke bestemmelser og vedtak som vi ikke får
9857 være en del av. Det blir helt klart at vi må redusere antall maskiner,
9858 og det skal satses på bærbare maskiner. Siden vi ikke har fått tatt
9859 del i prosessene som angår oss, så bruker vi fagforening. Vi har ikke
9860 blitt hørt i forbindelse med endringer som er betydelig for vår
9861 hverdag, og greier å stoppe omlegging. I tillegg så har vi et politisk
9862 vedtak i kommunen på at vi skal kjøre Linux på elevnett, og dette
9863 vedtaket kan ikke administrasjonen i kommunene helt uten videre
9864 tilsidesette. </p>
9865
9866 <p>I sum har dette gjort at vi har fått jobbe videre i fred. Og en del
9867 runder i kommunens kontrollutvalg har gjort det tydelig at vi har blitt
9868 systematisk motarbeidet. </p>
9869
9870 <p>I dag har de andre skolene fått sine bærbare maskiner til elever og
9871 lærere, men etter 2 år med innkjøring er det fremdeles problemer
9872 her. </p>
9873
9874 <ul>
9875
9876 <li>Ungdomsskolen med windows kan ikke kjøre eksamen med sine bærbare,
9877 det er for mye arbeid å renske disse for innhold slik at juks ikke er
9878 mulig.</li>
9879
9880 <li>Utskrift er et mareritt, etter sigende pga at utskrift først
9881 sendes til sentral server, og så sendes ut til rett skriver. I snitt
9882 så tar det 7-8 minutter før utskrift starter på enkelte av
9883 skolene.</li>
9884
9885 <li>Trådløst skaper store problemer, og det er i perioder helt umulig
9886 å komme seg på nett. Og lagring på felles server er bare å glemme i
9887 perioder.</li>
9888
9889 </ul>
9890
9891 <p>Vi har slitt mye, kranglet og sloss. Ikke med tekniske problemer,
9892 men med omgivelsene rundt som vil oss til livs. Men det har vært verdt
9893 hver dråpe med svette, og timer med irritasjon. Men vi har begynt å få
9894 rutine her nå. </p>
9895
9896 <ul>
9897
9898 <li>Vi har fremdeles et system som vi styrer helt selv. </li>
9899 <li>Vi har vist at argumentet med at vår IKT-ansvarlig kan finne seg annen jobb ikke holder mål. Vi har kjøpt driftskonto hos et firma i tilfelle krise, og vi har kjørt opplæring på flere av de yngre lærerne. </li>
9900 <li>Vi har til enhver tid en lærling IKT driftsfag, og velger selvsagt ut dem som satser på Linux. Vi har nå begynt å få tilbake av våre tidligere elever som vil til oss nettopp fordi vi har Linux.</li>
9901 <li>Vi har vist at vi greier å opprettholde en dobbelt så stor datapark som naboskolen, og det til en billigere penge. </li>
9902 <li>Vi har datastøtte og support på huset, ALLTID tilgjengelig. De andre skolene må vente flere dager hvis det ikke er noe kritisk. </li>
9903 <li>Vår IKT-ansvarlig har 50% stilling som lærer og 50% som IKT-ansvarlig. </li>
9904 <li>Vi har en lærer på hvert trinn som har 3 timer i uka til å drive support/støtte til de andre lærerne. </li>
9905 <li>Vi opplever at de yngste lærerne ved den andre ungdomsskolen ønsker seg over til oss. </li>
9906
9907 </ul>
9908
9909 <p>Vi skal i løpet av året starte prosess med å planlegge ny skole, og vi har fått gjennomslag for at jeg (inspektør) og IKT-ansvarlig skal ha det fulle og hele ansvar for IKT/Infrastruktur. Begrunnelsen vår som ble avgjørende her, var at IT-avd i kommunen ikke kan noe om data i skolen. </p>
9910
9911 <p>Beklager hvis dette ble litt usammenhengende, men det ble tastet i
9912 fei, og jeg har ikke lest gjennom</p>
9913 </blockquote>
9914
9915 <p>Det kom raskt et lite svar:</p>
9916
9917 <blockquote>
9918 <p><strong>SV: Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
9919 <br>av captain_obvious</p>
9920
9921 <p>Inspirerende å lese. Har dere gjort noe for å fortelle denne
9922 historien videre?</p>
9923
9924 <p>Hadde vært svært interessant om dere tok kontakt med dokument 2 eller
9925 lignende for å fortelle hvordan det egentlig står til med
9926 IT-satsningen i kommune-Norge. Om ikke annet kan du begynner med å
9927 raffinere innlegget ditt og få en gjesteartikkel på digi.no</p>
9928 </blockquote>
9929
9930 <p>Og deretter en lengre oppfølging.</p>
9931
9932 <blockquote>
9933 <p><strong>SV: Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
9934 <br>av Inspektør Siri (gjest)
9935
9936 <p>Joda, vi har lekt med tanken, og vi har t.o.m skrevet flere lengre
9937 leserinnlegg myntet på aviser. Disse er ikke sendt til aviser, men
9938 brukt internt i forbindelse med møter med kommune. Vår IKT-ansvarlig
9939 har også truet med å si opp jobben sin hvis det ikke ble tatt hensyn i
9940 større grad enn hva som har vært tilfelle. VI kan også dokumentere
9941 flere brudd på anbudsregler, og vi kjenner til at relativt store
9942 IT-leverandører som ikke har fått tatt del i disse anbudene, rett og
9943 slett ikke tør melde fra av redsel for å få et dårlig rykte. </p>
9944
9945 <p>Alt ser ut til å roe seg ned, og vi har fått opp øynene på
9946 politikerne. I sum gjør dette at vi ikke ønsker for mye publisitet nå,
9947 det vil bare rote til igjen. </p>
9948
9949 <p>Jeg glemte å nevne at vi nå nesten ikke bruker tid på å drifte
9950 systemet vårt, noe som gjør at det aller meste av tid blir brukt til å
9951 støtte lærerne og elevene. F.eks så bruker vår IKT-ansvarlig den
9952 første timen på jobb, 0730-0830 kun til å gå ute på arbeidsplassene
9953 til læreren. Dette for å kunne svare på små og store problem, gi tips
9954 og råd, eller bare for å plukke opp hva som er behovet ute i
9955 undervisningsarealene. Det er dessverre ikke slik at alle lærerne har
9956 nok digital kompetanse til å kunne formulere alle spørsmålene de har,
9957 men ved å kunne få vise eller lufte tanker med IKT-ansvarlig så er det
9958 utrolig hva som kommer fram. </p>
9959
9960 <ul>
9961
9962 <li>Jeg ser at mange bruker økonomi som argument i forhold til å bruke
9963 SkoleLinux, og jeg skal ikke legge skjul på at det var dette som i
9964 utgangspunktet var årsaken til vårt valg. Men diskusjonene og kampen
9965 med kommunens IT-avdeling har gjort at vi har fått et noe annet
9966 fokus. Fordelene med drift og stabilitet, gjør at vi ville ha valgt
9967 samme løsning selv om den var dyrere. At vi slipper langt billigere
9968 unna, som følge av 0,- lisenskostnader og lave maskinvarekostnader, er
9969 bare en bonus. </li>
9970
9971 <li>Etter å ha kranglet oss til å få skikkelig oversikt over hva de
9972 andre skolene i kommunen bruker på IT, så har vi fått gehør for å få
9973 samme midler til innkjøp. Dette har gjort at vi nå kan kjøpe inn
9974 utstyr som de andre skolene bare kan se langt etter. Vi har nettopp
9975 kjøpt inn 3 videokamera i semiproff-klassen for å kunne lage film,
9976 samt sende live fra skoleteater/konserter. Vi har kjøpt inn digitale
9977 kompaktkamera til alle klassene. Vi har et team av lærere som skal i
9978 gang med å teste ut tablets på svake elever. Håpet et at teknologien
9979 kan være med på å gi noen av elevene litt mer motivasjon. Vi har kjøpt
9980 inn et halvt klassesett med pulsklokker, noe som har vist seg å være
9981 overraskende inspirerende for en del av elevene. Vi har også oss på
9982 fag på en høyskole litt lengre sør for oss, slik at 3 av oss nå skal
9983 ta faget "Linux tjenestedrift". Som inspektør og en del av skolens
9984 administrasjon er det veldig praktisk å kunne trå til hvis det
9985 kniper. Men IKT-ansvarlig har vært UTROLIG flink til å lage rene
9986 smørbrødlister for hvordan de mest vanlige driftsproblem løses, så det
9987 er lett for flere av oss å ta del i den daglige driften. Vi har svært
9988 stor nytte av lærling (som også hjelper to av naboskolene), men det er
9989 nesten blitt slik at det er om å gjøre å komme til først for å få løse
9990 problem. Det å få fingrene på problem og utfordringer er den aller
9991 beste læremester. </li>
9992
9993 </ul>
9994
9995 <p>Når vi nå tar til med planlegging av ny skole, så vil det være med
9996 tanke på at det skal være mulig med datautstyr på alle plasser. Vi
9997 kommer i all hovedsak til å legge kabel til alle tenkelige og
9998 utenkelige plasser. WiFi koster tilnærmet NULL å sette opp i
9999 ettertid.</p>
10000
10001 <p>Vi har ikke vært noe flink til å bidra til SkoleLinux-prosjektet,
10002 vi har rett og slett vært for opptatt med vår egen kamp. Vi har hentet
10003 mye inspirasjon fra diskusjoner som har gått i det miljøet, og vi
10004 håper at vi nå framover kan få tid til å bidra. Vi er i ferd med å
10005 bytte ut en av serverne våre, og da vil denne trolig bli satt opp som
10006 testserver for neste versjon av Skolelinux. På den måten vil vi i alle
10007 fall kunne gi tilbakemeldinger og rapportere feil. I tillegg så vil
10008 det kanskje gi oss noen nye utfordringer, for som lærlingen vår sier:
10009 "Skolelinux er noe herk, det skjer jo ikke noe galt og hvordan skal
10010 jeg da lære?"</p>
10011
10012 </blockquote>
10013
10014 <p>Det er veldig hyggelig å høre at
10015 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> fungerer så bra i
10016 skoleverdagen etter å ha jobbet med det i 10 år.</p>
10017
10018       </div>
10019       <div class="tags">
10020
10021
10022         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
10023
10024
10025       </div>
10026     </div>
10027     <div class="padding"></div>
10028
10029     <div class="entry">
10030       <div class="title">
10031         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_test_if_a_laptop_is_working_with_Linux.html">How to test if a laptop is working with Linux</a>
10032       </div>
10033       <div class="date">
10034         22nd December 2010
10035       </div>
10036       <div class="body">
10037         <p>The last few days I have spent at work here at the <a
10038 href="http://www.uio.no/">University of Oslo</a> testing if the new
10039 batch of computers will work with Linux.  Every year for the last few
10040 years the university have organised shared bid of a few thousand
10041 computers, and this year HP won the bid.  Two different desktops and
10042 five different laptops are on the list this year.  We in the UNIX
10043 group want to know which one of these computers work well with RHEL
10044 and Ubuntu, the two Linux distributions we currently handle at the
10045 university.</p>
10046
10047 <p>My test method is simple, and I share it here to get feedback and
10048 perhaps inspire others to test hardware as well.  To test, I PXE
10049 install the OS version of choice, and log in as my normal user and run
10050 a few applications and plug in selected pieces of hardware.  When
10051 something fail, I make a note about this in the test matrix and move
10052 on.  If I have some spare time I try to report the bug to the OS
10053 vendor, but as I only have the machines for a short time, I rarely
10054 have the time to do this for all the problems I find.</p>
10055
10056 <p>Anyway, to get to the point of this post.  Here is the simple tests
10057 I perform on a new model.</p>
10058
10059 <ul>
10060
10061 <li>Is PXE installation working?  I'm testing with RHEL6, Ubuntu Lucid
10062 and Ubuntu Maverik at the moment.  If I feel like it, I also test with
10063 RHEL5 and Debian Edu/Squeeze.</li>
10064
10065 <li>Is X.org working?  If the graphical login screen show up after
10066 installation, X.org is working.</li>
10067
10068 <li>Is hardware accelerated OpenGL working?  Running glxgears (in
10069 package mesa-utils on Ubuntu) and writing down the frames per second
10070 reported by the program.</li>
10071
10072 <li>Is sound working?  With Gnome and KDE, a sound is played when
10073 logging in, and if I can hear this the test is successful.  If there
10074 are several audio exits on the machine, I try them all and check if
10075 the Gnome/KDE audio mixer can control where to send the sound.  I
10076 normally test this by playing
10077 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20101012-chef/ ">a HTML5
10078 video</a> in Firefox/Iceweasel.</li>
10079
10080 <li>Is the USB subsystem working?  I test this by plugging in a USB
10081 memory stick and see if Gnome/KDE notices this.</li>
10082
10083 <li>Is the CD/DVD player working?  I test this by inserting any CD/DVD
10084 I have lying around, and see if Gnome/KDE notices this.</li>
10085
10086 <li>Is any built in camera working?  Test using cheese, and see if a
10087 picture from the v4l device show up.</li>
10088
10089 <li>Is bluetooth working?  Use the Gnome/KDE browsing tool to see if
10090 any bluetooth devices are discovered.  In my office, I normally see a
10091 few.</li>
10092
10093 <li>For laptops, is the SD or Compaq Flash reader working.  I have
10094 memory modules lying around, and stick them in and see if Gnome/KDE
10095 notice this.</li>
10096
10097 <li>For laptops, is suspend/hibernate working?  I'm testing if the
10098 special button work, and if the laptop continue to work after
10099 resume.</li>
10100
10101 <li>For laptops, is the extra buttons working, like audio level,
10102 adjusting background light, switching on/off external video output,
10103 switching on/off wifi, bluetooth, etc?  The set of buttons differ from
10104 laptop to laptop, so I just write down which are working and which are
10105 not.</li>
10106
10107 <li>Some laptops have smart card readers, finger print readers,
10108 acceleration sensors etc.  I rarely test these, as I do not know how
10109 to quickly test if they are working or not, so I only document their
10110 existence.</li>
10111
10112 </ul>
10113
10114 <p>By now I suspect you are really curious what the test results are
10115 for the HP machines I am testing.  I'm not done yet, so I will report
10116 the test results later.  For now I can report that HP 8100 Elite work
10117 fine, and hibernation fail with HP EliteBook 8440p on Ubuntu Lucid,
10118 and audio fail on RHEL6.  Ubuntu Maverik worked with 8440p.  As you
10119 can see, I have most machines left to test.  One interesting
10120 observation is that Ubuntu Lucid has almost twice the frame rate than
10121 RHEL6 with glxgears.  No idea why.</p>
10122
10123       </div>
10124       <div class="tags">
10125
10126
10127         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
10128
10129
10130       </div>
10131     </div>
10132     <div class="padding"></div>
10133
10134     <div class="entry">
10135       <div class="title">
10136         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_development_gathering_and_General_Assembly_for_FRiSK.html">Debian Edu development gathering and General Assembly for FRiSK</a>
10137       </div>
10138       <div class="date">
10139         29th November 2010
10140       </div>
10141       <div class="body">
10142         <p>On friday, the first Debian Edu / Skolelinux
10143 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering/2010-12-03-05-Oslo">development
10144 gathering</a> in a long time take place here in Oslo, Norway.  I
10145 really look forward to seeing all the good people working on the
10146 Squeeze release.  The gathering is open for everyone interested in
10147 learning more about Debian Edu / Skolelinux.</p>
10148
10149 <p>On Saturday, the Norwegian member organization taking care of
10150 organizing these development gatherings, Fri Programvare i Skolen,
10151 will hold its
10152 <a href="http://friprogramvareiskolen.no/Genfors/2010">General Assembly
10153 for 2010</a>.  Membership is open for all, and currently there are 388
10154 people registered as members.  Last year 32 members cast their vote in
10155 the memberdb based election system.  I hope more people find time to
10156 vote this year.</p>
10157
10158       </div>
10159       <div class="tags">
10160
10161
10162         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10163
10164
10165       </div>
10166     </div>
10167     <div class="padding"></div>
10168
10169     <div class="entry">
10170       <div class="title">
10171         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_isn_t_Debian_Edu_using_VLC_.html">Why isn't Debian Edu using VLC?</a>
10172       </div>
10173       <div class="date">
10174         27th November 2010
10175       </div>
10176       <div class="body">
10177         <p>In the latest issue of Linux Journal, the readers choices were
10178 presented, and the winner among the multimedia player were VLC.
10179 Personally, I like VLC, and it is my player of choice when I first try
10180 to play a video file or stream.  Only if VLC fail will I drag out
10181 gmplayer to see if it can do better.  The reason is mostly the failure
10182 model and trust.  When VLC fail, it normally pop up a error message
10183 reporting the problem.  When mplayer fail, it normally segfault or
10184 just hangs.  The latter failure mode drain my trust in the program.<p>
10185
10186 <p>But even if VLC is my player of choice, we have choosen to use
10187 mplayer in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian
10188 Edu/Skolelinux</a>.  The reason is simple.  We need a good browser
10189 plugin to play web videos seamlessly, and the VLC browser plugin is
10190 not very good.  For example, it lack in-line control buttons, so there
10191 is no way for the user to pause the video.  Also, when I
10192 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/BrowserMultimedia">last
10193 tested the browser plugins</a> available in Debian, the VLC plugin
10194 failed on several video pages where mplayer based plugins worked.  If
10195 the browser plugin for VLC was as good as the gecko-mediaplayer
10196 package (which uses mplayer), we would switch.</P>
10197
10198 <p>While VLC is a good player, its user interface is slightly
10199 annoying.  The most annoying feature is its inconsistent use of
10200 keyboard shortcuts.  When the player is in full screen mode, its
10201 shortcuts are different from when it is playing the video in a window.
10202 For example, space only work as pause when in full screen mode.  I
10203 wish it had consisten shortcuts and that space also would work when in
10204 window mode.  Another nice shortcut in gmplayer is [enter] to restart
10205 the current video.  It is very nice when playing short videos from the
10206 web and want to restart it when new people arrive to have a look at
10207 what is going on.</p>
10208
10209       </div>
10210       <div class="tags">
10211
10212
10213         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
10214
10215
10216       </div>
10217     </div>
10218     <div class="padding"></div>
10219
10220     <div class="entry">
10221       <div class="title">
10222         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades_of_the_Gnome_and_KDE_desktop__now_with_apt_get_autoremove.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades of the Gnome and KDE desktop, now with apt-get autoremove</a>
10223       </div>
10224       <div class="date">
10225         22nd November 2010
10226       </div>
10227       <div class="body">
10228         <p>Michael Biebl suggested to me on IRC, that I changed my automated
10229 upgrade testing of the
10230 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">Lenny
10231 Gnome and KDE Desktop</a> to do <tt>apt-get autoremove</tt> when using apt-get.
10232 This seem like a very good idea, so I adjusted by test scripts and
10233 can now present the updated result from today:</p>
10234
10235 <p>This is for Gnome:</p>
10236
10237 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
10238
10239 <blockquote><p>
10240   apache2.2-bin
10241   aptdaemon
10242   baobab
10243   binfmt-support
10244   browser-plugin-gnash
10245   cheese-common
10246   cli-common
10247   cups-pk-helper
10248   dmz-cursor-theme
10249   empathy
10250   empathy-common
10251   freedesktop-sound-theme
10252   freeglut3
10253   gconf-defaults-service
10254   gdm-themes
10255   gedit-plugins
10256   geoclue
10257   geoclue-hostip
10258   geoclue-localnet
10259   geoclue-manual
10260   geoclue-yahoo
10261   gnash
10262   gnash-common
10263   gnome
10264   gnome-backgrounds
10265   gnome-cards-data
10266   gnome-codec-install
10267   gnome-core
10268   gnome-desktop-environment
10269   gnome-disk-utility
10270   gnome-screenshot
10271   gnome-search-tool
10272   gnome-session-canberra
10273   gnome-system-log
10274   gnome-themes-extras
10275   gnome-themes-more
10276   gnome-user-share
10277   gstreamer0.10-fluendo-mp3
10278   gstreamer0.10-tools
10279   gtk2-engines
10280   gtk2-engines-pixbuf
10281   gtk2-engines-smooth
10282   hamster-applet
10283   libapache2-mod-dnssd
10284   libapr1
10285   libaprutil1
10286   libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3
10287   libaprutil1-ldap
10288   libart2.0-cil
10289   libboost-date-time1.42.0
10290   libboost-python1.42.0
10291   libboost-thread1.42.0
10292   libchamplain-0.4-0
10293   libchamplain-gtk-0.4-0
10294   libcheese-gtk18
10295   libclutter-gtk-0.10-0
10296   libcryptui0
10297   libdiscid0
10298   libelf1
10299   libepc-1.0-2
10300   libepc-common
10301   libepc-ui-1.0-2
10302   libfreerdp-plugins-standard
10303   libfreerdp0
10304   libgconf2.0-cil
10305   libgdata-common
10306   libgdata7
10307   libgdu-gtk0
10308   libgee2
10309   libgeoclue0
10310   libgexiv2-0
10311   libgif4
10312   libglade2.0-cil
10313   libglib2.0-cil
10314   libgmime2.4-cil
10315   libgnome-vfs2.0-cil
10316   libgnome2.24-cil
10317   libgnomepanel2.24-cil
10318   libgpod-common
10319   libgpod4
10320   libgtk2.0-cil
10321   libgtkglext1
10322   libgtksourceview2.0-common
10323   libmono-addins-gui0.2-cil
10324   libmono-addins0.2-cil
10325   libmono-cairo2.0-cil
10326   libmono-corlib2.0-cil
10327   libmono-i18n-west2.0-cil
10328   libmono-posix2.0-cil
10329   libmono-security2.0-cil
10330   libmono-sharpzip2.84-cil
10331   libmono-system2.0-cil
10332   libmtp8
10333   libmusicbrainz3-6
10334   libndesk-dbus-glib1.0-cil
10335   libndesk-dbus1.0-cil
10336   libopal3.6.8
10337   libpolkit-gtk-1-0
10338   libpt2.6.7
10339   libpython2.6
10340   librpm1
10341   librpmio1
10342   libsdl1.2debian
10343   libsrtp0
10344   libssh-4
10345   libtelepathy-farsight0
10346   libtelepathy-glib0
10347   libtidy-0.99-0
10348   media-player-info
10349   mesa-utils
10350   mono-2.0-gac
10351   mono-gac
10352   mono-runtime
10353   nautilus-sendto
10354   nautilus-sendto-empathy
10355   p7zip-full
10356   pkg-config
10357   python-aptdaemon
10358   python-aptdaemon-gtk
10359   python-axiom
10360   python-beautifulsoup
10361   python-bugbuddy
10362   python-clientform
10363   python-coherence
10364   python-configobj
10365   python-crypto
10366   python-cupshelpers
10367   python-elementtree
10368   python-epsilon
10369   python-evolution
10370   python-feedparser
10371   python-gdata
10372   python-gdbm
10373   python-gst0.10
10374   python-gtkglext1
10375   python-gtksourceview2
10376   python-httplib2
10377   python-louie
10378   python-mako
10379   python-markupsafe
10380   python-mechanize
10381   python-nevow
10382   python-notify
10383   python-opengl
10384   python-openssl
10385   python-pam
10386   python-pkg-resources
10387   python-pyasn1
10388   python-pysqlite2
10389   python-rdflib
10390   python-serial
10391   python-tagpy
10392   python-twisted-bin
10393   python-twisted-conch
10394   python-twisted-core
10395   python-twisted-web
10396   python-utidylib
10397   python-webkit
10398   python-xdg
10399   python-zope.interface
10400   remmina
10401   remmina-plugin-data
10402   remmina-plugin-rdp
10403   remmina-plugin-vnc
10404   rhythmbox-plugin-cdrecorder
10405   rhythmbox-plugins
10406   rpm-common
10407   rpm2cpio
10408   seahorse-plugins
10409   shotwell
10410   software-center
10411   system-config-printer-udev
10412   telepathy-gabble
10413   telepathy-mission-control-5
10414   telepathy-salut
10415   tomboy
10416   totem
10417   totem-coherence
10418   totem-mozilla
10419   totem-plugins
10420   transmission-common
10421   xdg-user-dirs
10422   xdg-user-dirs-gtk
10423   xserver-xephyr
10424 </p></blockquote>
10425
10426 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
10427
10428 <blockquote><p>
10429   cheese
10430   ekiga
10431   eog
10432   epiphany-extensions
10433   evolution-exchange
10434   fast-user-switch-applet
10435   file-roller
10436   gcalctool
10437   gconf-editor
10438   gdm
10439   gedit
10440   gedit-common
10441   gnome-games
10442   gnome-games-data
10443   gnome-nettool
10444   gnome-system-tools
10445   gnome-themes
10446   gnuchess
10447   gucharmap
10448   guile-1.8-libs
10449   libavahi-ui0
10450   libdmx1
10451   libgalago3
10452   libgtk-vnc-1.0-0
10453   libgtksourceview2.0-0
10454   liblircclient0
10455   libsdl1.2debian-alsa
10456   libspeexdsp1
10457   libsvga1
10458   rhythmbox
10459   seahorse
10460   sound-juicer
10461   system-config-printer
10462   totem-common
10463   transmission-gtk
10464   vinagre
10465   vino
10466 </p></blockquote>
10467
10468 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
10469
10470 <blockquote><p>
10471   gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
10472 </p></blockquote>
10473
10474 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
10475
10476 <blockquote><p>
10477 [nothing]
10478 </p></blockquote>
10479
10480 <p>This is for KDE:</p>
10481
10482 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
10483
10484 <blockquote><p>
10485   ksmserver
10486 </p></blockquote>
10487
10488 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
10489
10490 <blockquote><p>
10491   kwin
10492   network-manager-kde
10493 </p></blockquote>
10494
10495 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
10496
10497 <blockquote><p>
10498   arts
10499   dolphin
10500   freespacenotifier
10501   google-gadgets-gst
10502   google-gadgets-xul
10503   kappfinder
10504   kcalc
10505   kcharselect
10506   kde-core
10507   kde-plasma-desktop
10508   kde-standard
10509   kde-window-manager
10510   kdeartwork
10511   kdeartwork-emoticons
10512   kdeartwork-style
10513   kdeartwork-theme-icon
10514   kdebase
10515   kdebase-apps
10516   kdebase-workspace
10517   kdebase-workspace-bin
10518   kdebase-workspace-data
10519   kdeeject
10520   kdelibs
10521   kdeplasma-addons
10522   kdeutils
10523   kdewallpapers
10524   kdf
10525   kfloppy
10526   kgpg
10527   khelpcenter4
10528   kinfocenter
10529   konq-plugins-l10n
10530   konqueror-nsplugins
10531   kscreensaver
10532   kscreensaver-xsavers
10533   ktimer
10534   kwrite
10535   libgle3
10536   libkde4-ruby1.8
10537   libkonq5
10538   libkonq5-templates
10539   libnetpbm10
10540   libplasma-ruby
10541   libplasma-ruby1.8
10542   libqt4-ruby1.8
10543   marble-data
10544   marble-plugins
10545   netpbm
10546   nuvola-icon-theme
10547   plasma-dataengines-workspace
10548   plasma-desktop
10549   plasma-desktopthemes-artwork
10550   plasma-runners-addons
10551   plasma-scriptengine-googlegadgets
10552   plasma-scriptengine-python
10553   plasma-scriptengine-qedje
10554   plasma-scriptengine-ruby
10555   plasma-scriptengine-webkit
10556   plasma-scriptengines
10557   plasma-wallpapers-addons
10558   plasma-widget-folderview
10559   plasma-widget-networkmanagement
10560   ruby
10561   sweeper
10562   update-notifier-kde
10563   xscreensaver-data-extra
10564   xscreensaver-gl
10565   xscreensaver-gl-extra
10566   xscreensaver-screensaver-bsod
10567 </p></blockquote>
10568
10569 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
10570
10571 <blockquote><p>
10572   ark
10573   google-gadgets-common
10574   google-gadgets-qt
10575   htdig
10576   kate
10577   kdebase-bin
10578   kdebase-data
10579   kdepasswd
10580   kfind
10581   klipper
10582   konq-plugins
10583   konqueror
10584   ksysguard
10585   ksysguardd
10586   libarchive1
10587   libcln6
10588   libeet1
10589   libeina-svn-06
10590   libggadget-1.0-0b
10591   libggadget-qt-1.0-0b
10592   libgps19
10593   libkdecorations4
10594   libkephal4
10595   libkonq4
10596   libkonqsidebarplugin4a
10597   libkscreensaver5
10598   libksgrd4
10599   libksignalplotter4
10600   libkunitconversion4
10601   libkwineffects1a
10602   libmarblewidget4
10603   libntrack-qt4-1
10604   libntrack0
10605   libplasma-geolocation-interface4
10606   libplasmaclock4a
10607   libplasmagenericshell4
10608   libprocesscore4a
10609   libprocessui4a
10610   libqalculate5
10611   libqedje0a
10612   libqtruby4shared2
10613   libqzion0a
10614   libruby1.8
10615   libscim8c2a
10616   libsmokekdecore4-3
10617   libsmokekdeui4-3
10618   libsmokekfile3
10619   libsmokekhtml3
10620   libsmokekio3
10621   libsmokeknewstuff2-3
10622   libsmokeknewstuff3-3
10623   libsmokekparts3
10624   libsmokektexteditor3
10625   libsmokekutils3
10626   libsmokenepomuk3
10627   libsmokephonon3
10628   libsmokeplasma3
10629   libsmokeqtcore4-3
10630   libsmokeqtdbus4-3
10631   libsmokeqtgui4-3
10632   libsmokeqtnetwork4-3
10633   libsmokeqtopengl4-3
10634   libsmokeqtscript4-3
10635   libsmokeqtsql4-3
10636   libsmokeqtsvg4-3
10637   libsmokeqttest4-3
10638   libsmokeqtuitools4-3
10639   libsmokeqtwebkit4-3
10640   libsmokeqtxml4-3
10641   libsmokesolid3
10642   libsmokesoprano3
10643   libtaskmanager4a
10644   libtidy-0.99-0
10645   libweather-ion4a
10646   libxklavier16
10647   libxxf86misc1
10648   okteta
10649   oxygencursors
10650   plasma-dataengines-addons
10651   plasma-scriptengine-superkaramba
10652   plasma-widget-lancelot
10653   plasma-widgets-addons
10654   plasma-widgets-workspace
10655   polkit-kde-1
10656   ruby1.8
10657   systemsettings
10658   update-notifier-common
10659 </p></blockquote>
10660
10661 <p>Running apt-get autoremove made the results using apt-get and
10662 aptitude a bit more similar, but there are still quite a lott of
10663 differences.  I have no idea what packages should be installed after
10664 the upgrade, but hope those that do can have a look.</p>
10665
10666       </div>
10667       <div class="tags">
10668
10669
10670         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
10671
10672
10673       </div>
10674     </div>
10675     <div class="padding"></div>
10676
10677     <div class="entry">
10678       <div class="title">
10679         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Migrating_Xen_virtual_machines_using_LVM_to_KVM_using_disk_images.html">Migrating Xen virtual machines using LVM to KVM using disk images</a>
10680       </div>
10681       <div class="date">
10682         22nd November 2010
10683       </div>
10684       <div class="body">
10685         <p>Most of the computers in use by the
10686 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux project</a>
10687 are virtual machines.  And they have been Xen machines running on a
10688 fairly old IBM eserver xseries 345 machine, and we wanted to migrate
10689 them to KVM on a newer Dell PowerEdge 2950 host machine.  This was a
10690 bit harder that it could have been, because we set up the Xen virtual
10691 machines to get the virtual partitions from LVM, which as far as I
10692 know is not supported by KVM.  So to migrate, we had to convert
10693 several LVM logical volumes to partitions on a virtual disk file.</p>
10694
10695 <p>I found
10696 <a href="http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com.au/articles/35011-Six-steps-for-migrating-Xen-virtual-machines-to-KVM">a
10697 nice recipe</a> to do this, and wrote the following script to do the
10698 migration.  It uses qemu-img from the qemu package to make the disk
10699 image, parted to partition it, losetup and kpartx to present the disk
10700 image partions as devices, and dd to copy the data.  I NFS mounted the
10701 new servers storage area on the old server to do the migration.</p>
10702
10703 <pre>
10704 #!/bin/sh
10705
10706 # Based on
10707 # http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com.au/articles/35011-Six-steps-for-migrating-Xen-virtual-machines-to-KVM
10708
10709 set -e
10710 set -x
10711
10712 if [ -z "$1" ] ; then
10713     echo "Usage: $0 &lt;hostname&gt;"
10714     exit 1
10715 else
10716     host="$1"
10717 fi
10718
10719 if [ ! -e /dev/vg_data/$host-disk ] ; then
10720     echo "error: unable to find LVM volume for $host"
10721     exit 1
10722 fi
10723
10724 # Partitions need to be a bit bigger than the LVM LVs.  not sure why.
10725 disksize=$( lvs --units m | grep $host-disk | awk '{sum = sum + $4} END { print int(sum * 1.05) }')
10726 swapsize=$( lvs --units m | grep $host-swap | awk '{sum = sum + $4} END { print int(sum * 1.05) }')
10727 totalsize=$(( ( $disksize + $swapsize ) ))
10728
10729 img=$host.img
10730 #dd if=/dev/zero of=$img bs=1M count=$(( $disksize + $swapsize ))
10731 qemu-img create $img ${totalsize}MMaking room on the Debian Edu/Sqeeze DVD
10732
10733 parted $img mklabel msdos
10734 parted $img mkpart primary linux-swap 0 $disksize
10735 parted $img mkpart primary ext2 $disksize $totalsize
10736 parted $img set 1 boot on
10737
10738 modprobe dm-mod
10739 losetup /dev/loop0 $img
10740 kpartx -a /dev/loop0
10741
10742 dd if=/dev/vg_data/$host-disk of=/dev/mapper/loop0p1 bs=1M
10743 fsck.ext3 -f /dev/mapper/loop0p1 || true
10744 mkswap /dev/mapper/loop0p2
10745
10746 kpartx -d /dev/loop0
10747 losetup -d /dev/loop0
10748 </pre>
10749
10750 <p>The script is perhaps so simple that it is not copyrightable, but
10751 if it is, it is licenced using GPL v2 or later at your discretion.</p>
10752
10753 <p>After doing this, I booted a Debian CD in rescue mode in KVM with
10754 the new disk image attached, installed grub-pc and linux-image-686 and
10755 set up grub to boot from the disk image.  After this, the KVM machines
10756 seem to work just fine.</p>
10757
10758       </div>
10759       <div class="tags">
10760
10761
10762         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
10763
10764
10765       </div>
10766     </div>
10767     <div class="padding"></div>
10768
10769     <div class="entry">
10770       <div class="title">
10771         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__apt_vs_aptitude_with_the_Gnome_and_KDE_desktop.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, apt vs aptitude with the Gnome and KDE desktop</a>
10772       </div>
10773       <div class="date">
10774         20th November 2010
10775       </div>
10776       <div class="body">
10777         <p>I'm still running upgrade testing of the
10778 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">Lenny
10779 Gnome and KDE Desktop</a>, but have not had time to spend on reporting the
10780 status.  Here is a short update based on a test I ran 20101118.</p>
10781
10782 <p>I still do not know what a correct migration should look like, so I
10783 report any differences between apt and aptitude and hope someone else
10784 can see if anything should be changed.</p>
10785
10786 <p>This is for Gnome:</p>
10787
10788 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
10789
10790 <blockquote><p>
10791   apache2.2-bin aptdaemon at-spi baobab binfmt-support
10792   browser-plugin-gnash cheese-common cli-common cpp-4.3 cups-pk-helper
10793   dmz-cursor-theme empathy empathy-common finger
10794   freedesktop-sound-theme freeglut3 gconf-defaults-service gdm-themes
10795   gedit-plugins geoclue geoclue-hostip geoclue-localnet geoclue-manual
10796   geoclue-yahoo gnash gnash-common gnome gnome-backgrounds
10797   gnome-cards-data gnome-codec-install gnome-core
10798   gnome-desktop-environment gnome-disk-utility gnome-screenshot
10799   gnome-search-tool gnome-session-canberra gnome-spell
10800   gnome-system-log gnome-themes-extras gnome-themes-more
10801   gnome-user-share gs-common gstreamer0.10-fluendo-mp3
10802   gstreamer0.10-tools gtk2-engines gtk2-engines-pixbuf
10803   gtk2-engines-smooth hal-info hamster-applet libapache2-mod-dnssd
10804   libapr1 libaprutil1 libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 libaprutil1-ldap
10805   libart2.0-cil libatspi1.0-0 libboost-date-time1.42.0
10806   libboost-python1.42.0 libboost-thread1.42.0 libchamplain-0.4-0
10807   libchamplain-gtk-0.4-0 libcheese-gtk18 libclutter-gtk-0.10-0
10808   libcryptui0 libcupsys2 libdiscid0 libeel2-data libelf1 libepc-1.0-2
10809   libepc-common libepc-ui-1.0-2 libfreerdp-plugins-standard
10810   libfreerdp0 libgail-common libgconf2.0-cil libgdata-common libgdata7
10811   libgdl-1-common libgdu-gtk0 libgee2 libgeoclue0 libgexiv2-0 libgif4
10812   libglade2.0-cil libglib2.0-cil libgmime2.4-cil libgnome-vfs2.0-cil
10813   libgnome2.24-cil libgnomepanel2.24-cil libgnomeprint2.2-data
10814   libgnomeprintui2.2-common libgnomevfs2-bin libgpod-common libgpod4
10815   libgtk2.0-cil libgtkglext1 libgtksourceview-common
10816   libgtksourceview2.0-common libmono-addins-gui0.2-cil
10817   libmono-addins0.2-cil libmono-cairo2.0-cil libmono-corlib2.0-cil
10818   libmono-i18n-west2.0-cil libmono-posix2.0-cil
10819   libmono-security2.0-cil libmono-sharpzip2.84-cil
10820   libmono-system2.0-cil libmtp8 libmusicbrainz3-6
10821   libndesk-dbus-glib1.0-cil libndesk-dbus1.0-cil libopal3.6.8
10822   libpolkit-gtk-1-0 libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa
10823   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libpt2.6.7 libpython2.6 librpm1 librpmio1
10824   libsdl1.2debian libservlet2.4-java libsrtp0 libssh-4
10825   libtelepathy-farsight0 libtelepathy-glib0 libtidy-0.99-0
10826   libxalan2-java libxerces2-java media-player-info mesa-utils
10827   mono-2.0-gac mono-gac mono-runtime nautilus-sendto
10828   nautilus-sendto-empathy openoffice.org-writer2latex
10829   openssl-blacklist p7zip p7zip-full pkg-config python-4suite-xml
10830   python-aptdaemon python-aptdaemon-gtk python-axiom
10831   python-beautifulsoup python-bugbuddy python-clientform
10832   python-coherence python-configobj python-crypto python-cupshelpers
10833   python-cupsutils python-eggtrayicon python-elementtree
10834   python-epsilon python-evolution python-feedparser python-gdata
10835   python-gdbm python-gst0.10 python-gtkglext1 python-gtkmozembed
10836   python-gtksourceview2 python-httplib2 python-louie python-mako
10837   python-markupsafe python-mechanize python-nevow python-notify
10838   python-opengl python-openssl python-pam python-pkg-resources
10839   python-pyasn1 python-pysqlite2 python-rdflib python-serial
10840   python-tagpy python-twisted-bin python-twisted-conch
10841   python-twisted-core python-twisted-web python-utidylib python-webkit
10842   python-xdg python-zope.interface remmina remmina-plugin-data
10843   remmina-plugin-rdp remmina-plugin-vnc rhythmbox-plugin-cdrecorder
10844   rhythmbox-plugins rpm-common rpm2cpio seahorse-plugins shotwell
10845   software-center svgalibg1 system-config-printer-udev
10846   telepathy-gabble telepathy-mission-control-5 telepathy-salut tomboy
10847   totem totem-coherence totem-mozilla totem-plugins
10848   transmission-common xdg-user-dirs xdg-user-dirs-gtk xserver-xephyr
10849   zip
10850 </p></blockquote>
10851
10852 Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude
10853
10854 <blockquote><p>
10855   arj bluez-utils cheese dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop ekiga eog
10856   epiphany-extensions epiphany-gecko evolution-exchange
10857   fast-user-switch-applet file-roller gcalctool gconf-editor gdm gedit
10858   gedit-common gnome-app-install gnome-games gnome-games-data
10859   gnome-nettool gnome-system-tools gnome-themes gnome-utils
10860   gnome-vfs-obexftp gnome-volume-manager gnuchess gucharmap
10861   guile-1.8-libs hal libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5
10862   libavahi-ui0 libbind9-50 libbluetooth2 libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7
10863   libcucul0 libcurl3 libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdmx1 libdvdread3
10864   libedata-cal1.2-6 libedataserver1.2-9 libeel2-2.20 libepc-1.0-1
10865   libepc-ui-1.0-1 libexchange-storage1.2-3 libfaad0 libgadu3
10866   libgalago3 libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libggz2 libggzcore9
10867   libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0 libgnome-desktop-2
10868   libgnome-pilot2 libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomeprint2.2-0
10869   libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtk-vnc-1.0-0
10870   libgtkhtml2-0 libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgtksourceview2.0-0
10871   libgucharmap6 libhesiod0 libicu38 libisccc50 libisccfg50 libiw29
10872   libjaxp1.3-java-gcj libkpathsea4 liblircclient0 libltdl3 liblwres50
10873   libmagick++10 libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmozjs1d libmpfr1ldbl libmtp7
10874   libmysqlclient15off libnautilus-burn4 libneon27 libnm-glib0
10875   libnm-util0 libopal-2.2 libosp5 libparted1.8-10 libpisock9
10876   libpisync1 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3 libpt-1.10.10 libraw1394-8
10877   libsdl1.2debian-alsa libsensors3 libsexy2 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8
10878   libspeexdsp1 libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libsvga1
10879   libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1 libtotem-plparser10 libtrackerclient0
10880   libvoikko1 libxalan2-java-gcj libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12
10881   libxtrap6 libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3 mysql-common rhythmbox seahorse
10882   sound-juicer swfdec-gnome system-config-printer totem-common
10883   totem-gstreamer transmission-gtk vinagre vino w3c-dtd-xhtml wodim
10884 </p></blockquote>
10885
10886 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
10887
10888 <blockquote><p>
10889   gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
10890 </p></blockquote>
10891
10892 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
10893
10894 <blockquote><p>
10895 [nothing]
10896 </p></blockquote>
10897
10898 <p>This is for KDE:</p>
10899
10900 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
10901
10902 <blockquote><p>
10903   autopoint bomber bovo cantor cantor-backend-kalgebra cpp-4.3 dcoprss
10904   edict espeak espeak-data eyesapplet fifteenapplet finger gettext
10905   ghostscript-x git gnome-audio gnugo granatier gs-common
10906   gstreamer0.10-pulseaudio indi kaddressbook-plugins kalgebra
10907   kalzium-data kanjidic kapman kate-plugins kblocks kbreakout kbstate
10908   kde-icons-mono kdeaccessibility kdeaddons-kfile-plugins
10909   kdeadmin-kfile-plugins kdeartwork-misc kdeartwork-theme-window
10910   kdeedu kdeedu-data kdeedu-kvtml-data kdegames kdegames-card-data
10911   kdegames-mahjongg-data kdegraphics-kfile-plugins kdelirc
10912   kdemultimedia-kfile-plugins kdenetwork-kfile-plugins
10913   kdepim-kfile-plugins kdepim-kio-plugins kdessh kdetoys kdewebdev
10914   kdiamond kdnssd kfilereplace kfourinline kgeography-data kigo
10915   killbots kiriki klettres-data kmoon kmrml knewsticker-scripts
10916   kollision kpf krosspython ksirk ksmserver ksquares kstars-data
10917   ksudoku kubrick kweather libasound2-plugins libboost-python1.42.0
10918   libcfitsio3 libconvert-binhex-perl libcrypt-ssleay-perl libdb4.6++
10919   libdjvulibre-text libdotconf1.0 liberror-perl libespeak1
10920   libfinance-quote-perl libgail-common libgsl0ldbl libhtml-parser-perl
10921   libhtml-tableextract-perl libhtml-tagset-perl libhtml-tree-perl
10922   libio-stringy-perl libkdeedu4 libkdegames5 libkiten4 libkpathsea5
10923   libkrossui4 libmailtools-perl libmime-tools-perl
10924   libnews-nntpclient-perl libopenbabel3 libportaudio2 libpulse-browse0
10925   libservlet2.4-java libspeechd2 libtiff-tools libtimedate-perl
10926   libunistring0 liburi-perl libwww-perl libxalan2-java libxerces2-java
10927   lirc luatex marble networkstatus noatun-plugins
10928   openoffice.org-writer2latex palapeli palapeli-data parley
10929   parley-data poster psutils pulseaudio pulseaudio-esound-compat
10930   pulseaudio-module-x11 pulseaudio-utils quanta-data rocs rsync
10931   speech-dispatcher step svgalibg1 texlive-binaries texlive-luatex
10932   ttf-sazanami-gothic
10933 </p></blockquote>
10934
10935 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
10936
10937 <blockquote><p>
10938   amor artsbuilder atlantik atlantikdesigner blinken bluez-utils cvs
10939   dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop imlib-base imlib11 kalzium kanagram kandy
10940   kasteroids katomic kbackgammon kbattleship kblackbox kbounce kbruch
10941   kcron kdat kdemultimedia-kappfinder-data kdeprint kdict kdvi kedit
10942   keduca kenolaba kfax kfaxview kfouleggs kgeography kghostview
10943   kgoldrunner khangman khexedit kiconedit kig kimagemapeditor
10944   kitchensync kiten kjumpingcube klatin klettres klickety klines
10945   klinkstatus kmag kmahjongg kmailcvt kmenuedit kmid kmilo kmines
10946   kmousetool kmouth kmplot knetwalk kodo kolf kommander konquest kooka
10947   kpager kpat kpdf kpercentage kpilot kpoker kpovmodeler krec
10948   kregexpeditor kreversi ksame ksayit kshisen ksig ksim ksirc ksirtet
10949   ksmiletris ksnake ksokoban kspaceduel kstars ksvg ksysv kteatime
10950   ktip ktnef ktouch ktron kttsd ktuberling kturtle ktux kuickshow
10951   kverbos kview kviewshell kvoctrain kwifimanager kwin kwin4 kwordquiz
10952   kworldclock kxsldbg libakode2 libarts1-akode libarts1-audiofile
10953   libarts1-mpeglib libarts1-xine libavahi-compat-libdnssd1
10954   libavahi-core5 libavc1394-0 libbind9-50 libbluetooth2
10955   libboost-python1.34.1 libcucul0 libcurl3 libcvsservice0
10956   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdjvulibre21 libdvdread3 libfaad0 libfreebob0
10957   libgd2-noxpm libgraphviz4 libgsmme1c2a libgtkhtml2-0 libicu38
10958   libiec61883-0 libindex0 libisccc50 libisccfg50 libiw29
10959   libjaxp1.3-java-gcj libk3b3 libkcal2b libkcddb1 libkdeedu3
10960   libkdegames1 libkdepim1a libkgantt0 libkleopatra1 libkmime2
10961   libkpathsea4 libkpimexchange1 libkpimidentities1 libkscan1
10962   libksieve0 libktnef1 liblockdev1 libltdl3 liblwres50 libmagick10
10963   libmimelib1c2a libmodplug0c2 libmozjs1d libmpcdec3 libmpfr1ldbl
10964   libneon27 libnm-util0 libopensync0 libpisock9 libpoppler-glib3
10965   libpoppler-qt2 libpoppler3 libraw1394-8 librss1 libsensors3
10966   libsmbios2 libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90
10967   libtalloc1 libxalan2-java-gcj libxerces2-java-gcj libxtrap6 lskat
10968   mpeglib network-manager-kde noatun pmount tex-common texlive-base
10969   texlive-common texlive-doc-base texlive-fonts-recommended tidy
10970   ttf-dustin ttf-kochi-gothic ttf-sjfonts
10971 </p></blockquote>
10972
10973 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
10974
10975 <blockquote><p>
10976   dolphin kde-core kde-plasma-desktop kde-standard kde-window-manager
10977   kdeartwork kdebase kdebase-apps kdebase-workspace
10978   kdebase-workspace-bin kdebase-workspace-data kdeutils kscreensaver
10979   kscreensaver-xsavers libgle3 libkonq5 libkonq5-templates libnetpbm10
10980   netpbm plasma-widget-folderview plasma-widget-networkmanagement
10981   xscreensaver-data-extra xscreensaver-gl xscreensaver-gl-extra
10982   xscreensaver-screensaver-bsod
10983 </p></blockquote>
10984
10985 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
10986
10987 <blockquote><p>
10988   kdebase-bin konq-plugins konqueror
10989 </p></blockquote>
10990
10991       </div>
10992       <div class="tags">
10993
10994
10995         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
10996
10997
10998       </div>
10999     </div>
11000     <div class="padding"></div>
11001
11002     <div class="entry">
11003       <div class="title">
11004         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gnash_buildbot_slave_and_Debian_kfreebsd.html">Gnash buildbot slave and Debian kfreebsd</a>
11005       </div>
11006       <div class="date">
11007         20th November 2010
11008       </div>
11009       <div class="body">
11010         <p>Answering
11011 <a href="http://www.listware.net/201011/gnash-dev/67431-gnash-dev-buildbot-looking-for-slaves.html">the
11012 call from the Gnash project</a> for
11013 <a href="http://www.gnashdev.org:8010">buildbot</a> slaves to test the
11014 current source, I have set up a virtual KVM machine on the Debian
11015 Edu/Skolelinux virtualization host to test the git source on
11016 Debian/Squeeze.  I hope this can help the developers in getting new
11017 releases out more often.</p>
11018
11019 <p>As the developers want less main-stream build platforms tested to,
11020 I have considered setting up a <a
11021 href="http://www.debian.org/ports/kfreebsd-gnu/">Debian/kfreebsd</a>
11022 machine as well.  I have also considered using the kfreebsd
11023 architecture in Debian as a file server in NUUG to get access to the 5
11024 TB zfs volume we currently use to store DV video.  Because of this, I
11025 finally got around to do a test installation of Debian/Squeeze with
11026 kfreebsd.  Installation went fairly smooth, thought I noticed some
11027 visual glitches in the cdebconf dialogs (black cursor left on the
11028 screen at random locations).  Have not gotten very far with the
11029 testing.  Noticed cfdisk did not work, but fdisk did so it was not a
11030 fatal problem.  Have to spend some more time on it to see if it is
11031 useful as a file server for NUUG.  Will try to find time to set up a
11032 gnash buildbot slave on the Debian Edu/Skolelinux this weekend.</p>
11033
11034       </div>
11035       <div class="tags">
11036
11037
11038         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11039
11040
11041       </div>
11042     </div>
11043     <div class="padding"></div>
11044
11045     <div class="entry">
11046       <div class="title">
11047         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Making_room_on_the_Debian_Edu_Sqeeze_DVD.html">Making room on the Debian Edu/Sqeeze DVD</a>
11048       </div>
11049       <div class="date">
11050          7th November 2010
11051       </div>
11052       <div class="body">
11053         <p>Prioritising packages for the Debian Edu /
11054 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> DVD, which is
11055 supposed provide a school with all the services and user applications
11056 needed on the pupils computer network has always been hard.  Even
11057 schools without Internet connections should be able to get Debian Edu
11058 working using this DVD.</p>
11059
11060 <p>The job became a lot harder when apt and aptitude started
11061 installing recommended packages by default.  We want the same set of
11062 packages to be installed when using the DVD and the netinst CD, and
11063 that means all recommended packages need to be on the DVD.  I created
11064 a patch for debian-cd in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/601203">BTS
11065 report #601203</a> to do this, and since this change was applied to
11066 the Debian Edu DVD build, we have been seriously short on space.</p>
11067
11068 <p>A few days ago we decided to drop blender, wxmaxima and kicad from
11069 the default installation to save space on the DVD, believing that
11070 those needing these applications are few and can get them from the
11071 Debian archive.</p>
11072
11073 <p>Yesterday, I had a look what source packages to see which packages
11074 were using most space.  A few large packages are well know;
11075 openoffice.org, openclipart and fluid-soundfont.  But I also
11076 discovered that lilypond used 106 MiB and fglrx-driver used 53 MiB.
11077 The lilypond package is pulled in as a dependency for rosegarden, and
11078 when looking a bit closer I discovered that 99 MiB of the 106 MiB were
11079 the documentation package, which is recommended by the binary package.
11080 I decided to drop this documentation package from our DVD, as most of
11081 our users will use the GUI front-ends and do not need the lilypond
11082 documentation.  Similarly, I dropped the non-free fglrx-driver package
11083 which might be installed by d-i when its hardware is detected, as the
11084 free X driver should work.</p>
11085
11086 <p>With this change, we finally got space for the LXDE and Gnome
11087 desktop packages as well as the language specific packages making the
11088 DVD more useful again.</p>
11089
11090       </div>
11091       <div class="tags">
11092
11093
11094         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11095
11096
11097       </div>
11098     </div>
11099     <div class="padding"></div>
11100
11101     <div class="entry">
11102       <div class="title">
11103         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Software_updates_2010_10_24.html">Software updates 2010-10-24</a>
11104       </div>
11105       <div class="date">
11106         24th October 2010
11107       </div>
11108       <div class="body">
11109         <p>Some updates.</p>
11110
11111 <p>My <a href="http://pledgebank.com/gnash-avm2">gnash pledge</a> to
11112 raise money for the project is going well.  The lower limit of 10
11113 signers was reached in 24 hours, and so far 13 people have signed it.
11114 More signers and more funding is most welcome, and I am really curious
11115 how far we can get before the time limit of December 24 is reached.
11116 :)</p>
11117
11118 <p>On the #gnash IRC channel on irc.freenode.net, I was just tipped
11119 about what appear to be a great code coverage tool capable of
11120 generating code coverage stats without any changes to the source code.
11121 It is called
11122 <a href="http://simonkagstrom.github.com/kcov/index.html">kcov</a>,
11123 and can be used using <tt>kcov &lt;directory&gt; &lt;binary&gt;</tt>.
11124 It is missing in Debian, but the git source built just fine in Squeeze
11125 after I installed libelf-dev, libdwarf-dev, pkg-config and
11126 libglib2.0-dev.  Failed to build in Lenny, but suspect that is
11127 solvable.  I hope kcov make it into Debian soon.</p>
11128
11129 <p>Finally found time to wrap up the release notes for <a
11130 href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2010/10/msg00002.html">a
11131 new alpha release of Debian Edu</a>, and just published the second
11132 alpha test release of the Squeeze based Debian Edu /
11133 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>
11134 release.  Give it a try if you need a complete linux solution for your
11135 school, including central infrastructure server, workstations, thin
11136 client servers and diskless workstations.  A nice touch added
11137 yesterday is RDP support on the thin client servers, for windows
11138 clients to get a Linux desktop on request.</p>
11139
11140       </div>
11141       <div class="tags">
11142
11143
11144         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>.
11145
11146
11147       </div>
11148     </div>
11149     <div class="padding"></div>
11150
11151     <div class="entry">
11152       <div class="title">
11153         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Some_notes_on_Flash_in_Debian_and_Debian_Edu.html">Some notes on Flash in Debian and Debian Edu</a>
11154       </div>
11155       <div class="date">
11156          4th September 2010
11157       </div>
11158       <div class="body">
11159         <p>In the <a href="http://popcon.debian.org/unknown/by_vote">Debian
11160 popularity-contest numbers</a>, the adobe-flashplugin package the
11161 second most popular used package that is missing in Debian.  The sixth
11162 most popular is flashplayer-mozilla.  This is a clear indication that
11163 working flash is important for Debian users.  Around 10 percent of the
11164 users submitting data to popcon.debian.org have this package
11165 installed.</p>
11166
11167 <p>In the report written by Lars Risan in August 2008
11168 («<a href="http://wiki.skolelinux.no/Dokumentasjon/Rapporter?action=AttachFile&do=view&target=Skolelinux_i_bruk_rapport_1.0.pdf">Skolelinux
11169 i bruk – Rapport for Hurum kommune, Universitetet i Agder og
11170 stiftelsen SLX Debian Labs</a>»), one of the most important problems
11171 schools experienced with <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian
11172 Edu/Skolelinux</a> was the lack of working Flash.  A lot of educational
11173 web sites require Flash to work, and lacking working Flash support in
11174 the web browser and the problems with installing it was perceived as a
11175 good reason to stay with Windows.</p>
11176
11177 <p>I once saw a funny and sad comment in a web forum, where Linux was
11178 said to be the retarded cousin that did not really understand
11179 everything you told him but could work fairly well.  This was a
11180 comment regarding the problems Linux have with proprietary formats and
11181 non-standard web pages, and is sad because it exposes a fairly common
11182 understanding of whose fault it is if web pages that only work in for
11183 example Internet Explorer 6 fail to work on Firefox, and funny because
11184 it explain very well how annoying it is for users when Linux
11185 distributions do not work with the documents they receive or the web
11186 pages they want to visit.</p>
11187
11188 <p>This is part of the reason why I believe it is important for Debian
11189 and Debian Edu to have a well working Flash implementation in the
11190 distribution, to get at least popular sites as Youtube and Google
11191 Video to working out of the box.  For Squeeze, Debian have the chance
11192 to include the latest version of Gnash that will make this happen, as
11193 the new release 0.8.8 was published a few weeks ago and is resting in
11194 unstable.  The new version work with more sites that version 0.8.7.
11195 The Gnash maintainers have asked for a freeze exception, but the
11196 release team have not had time to reply to it yet.  I hope they agree
11197 with me that Flash is important for the Debian desktop users, and thus
11198 accept the new package into Squeeze.</p>
11199
11200       </div>
11201       <div class="tags">
11202
11203
11204         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
11205
11206
11207       </div>
11208     </div>
11209     <div class="padding"></div>
11210
11211     <div class="entry">
11212       <div class="title">
11213         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_hard_link_handling_with_sshfs.html">Broken hard link handling with sshfs</a>
11214       </div>
11215       <div class="date">
11216         30th August 2010
11217       </div>
11218       <div class="body">
11219         <p>Just got an email from Tobias Gruetzmacher as a followup on my
11220 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_umask_handling_with_sshfs.html">previous
11221 post about sshfs</a>.  He reported another problem with sshfs.  It
11222 fail to handle hard links properly.  A simple way to spot this is to
11223 look at the . and .. entries in the directory tree.  These should have
11224 a link count >1, but on sshfs the count is 1.  I just tested to see
11225 what happen when trying to hardlink, and this fail as well:</p>
11226
11227 <pre>
11228 % ln foo bar
11229 ln: creating hard link `bar' => `foo': Function not implemented
11230 %
11231 </pre>
11232
11233 <p>I have not yet found time to implement a test for this in my file
11234 system test code, but believe having working hard links is useful to
11235 avoid surprised unix programs.  Not as useful as working file locking
11236 and symlinks, which are required to get a working desktop, but useful
11237 nevertheless. :)</p>
11238
11239 <p>The latest version of the file system test code is available via
11240 git from
11241 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a></p>
11242
11243       </div>
11244       <div class="tags">
11245
11246
11247         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11248
11249
11250       </div>
11251     </div>
11252     <div class="padding"></div>
11253
11254     <div class="entry">
11255       <div class="title">
11256         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_i_Osloskolen.html">Skolelinux i Osloskolen</a>
11257       </div>
11258       <div class="date">
11259         26th August 2010
11260       </div>
11261       <div class="body">
11262         <p>Denne høsten skal endelig alle Osloskolene få mulighet til å bruke
11263 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>.  Ny IT-løsning
11264 har vært rullet ut i noen måneder nå, og så vidt jeg fikk vite før
11265 sommeren skulle alle skoler ha nytt opplegg på plass før oppstart nå i
11266 høst.  På alle skolene skal en kunne velge ved installasjon om en skal
11267 ha Windows eller Skolelinux på maskinene, og en kan i tillegg
11268 PXE-boote maskinene over nett som tynne klienter eller diskløse
11269 arbeidsstasjoner. Jeg er spent på hvor mange skoler som velger å ta i
11270 bruk Skolelinux, og gleder meg til å se hvordan dette utvikler seg.
11271 Løsningen leveres av
11272 <a href="http://www.logica.no/">Logica</a> med
11273 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a> som
11274 underleverandør, og jeg har vært involvert i utviklingen av løsningen
11275 via Skolelinux Drift AS siden prosjektet starter.  Jeg synes det er
11276 fantastisk at Skolelinux er kommet så langt siden vi startet i 2001 at
11277 alle elevene i Osloskolene nå skal få mulighet til å bruke
11278 løsningen.  Jeg håper de vil sette pris på alle de
11279 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.no/linux-signpost/">fantastiske
11280 brukerprogrammene</a> som er tilgjengelig i Skolelinux.</p>
11281
11282       </div>
11283       <div class="tags">
11284
11285
11286         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
11287
11288
11289       </div>
11290     </div>
11291     <div class="padding"></div>
11292
11293     <div class="entry">
11294       <div class="title">
11295         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_umask_handling_with_sshfs.html">Broken umask handling with sshfs</a>
11296       </div>
11297       <div class="date">
11298         26th August 2010
11299       </div>
11300       <div class="body">
11301         <p>My file system sematics program
11302 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Testing_if_a_file_system_can_be_used_for_home_directories___.html">presented
11303 a few days ago</a> is very useful to verify that a file system can
11304 work as a unix home directory,and today I had to extend it a bit.  I'm
11305 looking into alternatives for home directory access here at the
11306 University of Oslo, and one of the options is sshfs.  My friend
11307 Finn-Arne mentioned a while back that they had used sshfs with Debian
11308 Edu, but stopped because of problems.  I asked today what the problems
11309 where, and he mentioned that sshfs failed to handle umask properly.
11310 Trying to detect the problem I wrote this addition to my fs testing
11311 script:</p>
11312
11313 <pre>
11314 mode_t touch_get_mode(const char *name, mode_t mode) {
11315   mode_t retval = 0;
11316   int fd = open(name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_LARGEFILE, mode);
11317   if (-1 != fd) {
11318     unlink(name);
11319     struct stat statbuf;
11320     if (-1 != fstat(fd, &statbuf)) {
11321       retval = statbuf.st_mode & 0x1ff;
11322     }
11323     close(fd);
11324   }
11325   return retval;
11326 }
11327
11328 /* Try to detect problem discovered using sshfs */
11329 int test_umask(void) {
11330   printf("info: testing umask effect on file creation\n");
11331
11332   mode_t orig_umask = umask(000);
11333   mode_t newmode;
11334   if (0666 != (newmode = touch_get_mode("foobar", 0666))) {
11335     printf("  error: Wrong file mode %o when creating using mode 666 and umask 000\n",
11336            newmode);
11337   }
11338   umask(007);
11339   if (0660 != (newmode = touch_get_mode("foobar", 0666))) {
11340     printf("  error: Wrong file mode %o when creating using mode 666 and umask 007\n",
11341            newmode);
11342   }
11343
11344   umask (orig_umask);
11345   return 0;
11346 }
11347
11348 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
11349   [...]
11350   test_umask();
11351   return 0;
11352 }
11353 </pre>
11354
11355 <p>Sure enough.  On NFS to a netapp, I get this result:</p>
11356
11357 <pre>
11358 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
11359 info: testing symlink creation
11360 info: testing subdirectory creation
11361 info: testing fcntl locking
11362   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
11363   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
11364   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
11365   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
11366   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
11367   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
11368 info: testing umask effect on file creation
11369 </pre>
11370
11371 <p>When mounting the same directory using sshfs, I get this
11372 result:</p>
11373
11374 <pre>
11375 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
11376 info: testing symlink creation
11377 info: testing subdirectory creation
11378 info: testing fcntl locking
11379   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
11380   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
11381   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
11382   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
11383   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
11384   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
11385 info: testing umask effect on file creation
11386   error: Wrong file mode 644 when creating using mode 666 and umask 000
11387   error: Wrong file mode 640 when creating using mode 666 and umask 007
11388 </pre>
11389
11390 <p>So, I can conclude that sshfs is better than smb to a Netapp or a
11391 Windows server, but not good enough to be used as a home
11392 directory.</p>
11393
11394 <p>Update 2010-08-26: Reported the issue in
11395 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/594498">BTS report #594498</a></p>
11396
11397 <p>Update 2010-08-27: Michael Gebetsroither report that he found the
11398 script so useful that he created a GIT repository and stored it in
11399 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a>.</p>
11400
11401       </div>
11402       <div class="tags">
11403
11404
11405         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11406
11407
11408       </div>
11409     </div>
11410     <div class="padding"></div>
11411
11412     <div class="entry">
11413       <div class="title">
11414         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/No_hardcoded_config_on_Debian_Edu_clients.html">No hardcoded config on Debian Edu clients</a>
11415       </div>
11416       <div class="date">
11417          9th August 2010
11418       </div>
11419       <div class="body">
11420         <p>As reported earlier, the last few days I have looked at how Debian
11421 Edu clients are configured, and tried to get rid of all hardcoded
11422 configuration settings on the clients.  I believe the work to be
11423 mostly done, and the clients seem to work just fine with dynamically
11424 generated configuration.</p>
11425
11426 <p>What is the point, you might ask?  The point is to allow a Debian
11427 Edu desktop to integrate into an existing network infrastructure
11428 without any manual configuration.</p>
11429
11430 <p>This is what happens when installing a Debian Edu client here at
11431 the University of Oslo using PXE.  With the PXE installation, I am
11432 asked for language (Norwegian Bokmål), locality (Norway) and keyboard
11433 layout (no-latin1), Debian Edu profile (Roaming Workstation), if I
11434 accept to reformat the hard drive (yes), if I want to submit info to
11435 popcon.debian.org (no) and root password (secret).  After answering
11436 these questions, the installer goes ahead and does its thing, and
11437 after around 50 minutes it is done.  I press enter to finish the
11438 installation, and the machine reboots into KDE.  When the machine is
11439 ready and kdm asks for login information, I enter my university
11440 username and password, am told by kdm that a local home directory has
11441 been created and that I must log in again, and finally log in with the
11442 same username and password to the KDE 4.4 desktop.  At no point during
11443 this process did it ask for university specific settings, and all the
11444 required configuration was dynamically detected using information
11445 fetched via DHCP and DNS.  The roaming workstation is now ready for
11446 use.</p>
11447
11448 <p>How was this done, you might wonder?  First of all, here is the
11449 list of things that need to be configured on the client to get it
11450 working properly out of the box:</p>
11451
11452 <ul>
11453 <li>IP address/netmask and DNS server.</li>
11454 <li>Web proxy URL.</li>
11455 <li>LDAP server for NSS directory information (user, group, etc).</li>
11456 <li>Kerberos server for PAM password checking.</li>
11457 <li>SMB mount point to access the network home directory. (*)</li>
11458 <li>Central syslog server to send syslog messages to. (*)</li>
11459 <li>Sitesummary collector URL to submit info to central server. (*)</li>
11460 </ul>
11461
11462 <p>(Hm, did I forget anything?  Let me knew if I did.)</p>
11463
11464 <p>The points marked (*) are not required to be able to use the
11465 machine, but needed to provide central storage and allowing system
11466 administrators to track their machines.  Since yesterday, everything
11467 but the sitesummary collector URL is dynamically discovered at boot
11468 and installation time in the svn version of Debian Edu.</p>
11469
11470 <p>The IP and DNS setup is fetched during boot using DHCP as usual.
11471 When a DHCP update arrives, the proxy setup is updated by looking for
11472 http://wpat/wpad.dat and using the content of this WPAD file to
11473 configure the http and ftp proxy in /etc/environment and
11474 /etc/apt/apt.conf.  I decided to update the proxy setup using a DHCP
11475 hook to ensure that the client stops using the Debian Edu proxy when
11476 it is moved outside the Debian Edu network, and instead uses any local
11477 proxy present on the new network when it moves around.</p>
11478
11479 <p>The DNS names of the LDAP, Kerberos and syslog server and related
11480 configuration are generated using DNS information at boot.  First the
11481 installer looks for a host named ldap in the current DNS domain.  If
11482 not found, it looks for _ldap._tcp SRV records in DNS instead.  If an
11483 LDAP server is found, its root DSE entry is requested and the
11484 attributes namingContexts and defaultNamingContext are used to
11485 determine which LDAP base to use for NSS.  If there are several
11486 namingContexts attibutes and the defaultNamingContext is present, that
11487 LDAP subtree is used as the base.  If defaultNamingContext is missing,
11488 the subtrees listed as namingContexts are searched in sequence for any
11489 object with class posixAccount or posixGroup, and the first one with
11490 such an object is used as the LDAP base.  For Kerberos, a similar
11491 search is done by first looking for a host named kerberos, and then
11492 for the _kerberos._tcp SRV record.  I've been unable to find a way to
11493 look up the Kerberos realm, so for this the upper case string of the
11494 current DNS domain is used.</p>
11495
11496 <p>For the syslog server, the hosts syslog and loghost are searched
11497 for, and the _syslog._udp SRV record is consulted if no such host is
11498 found.  This algorithm works for both Debian Edu and the University of
11499 Oslo.  A similar strategy would work for locating the sitesummary
11500 server, but have not been implemented yet.  I decided to fetch and
11501 save these settings during installation, to make sure moving to a
11502 different network does not change the set of users being allowed to
11503 log in nor the passwords required to log in.  Usernames and passwords
11504 will be cached by sssd when the user logs in on the Debian Edu
11505 network, and will not change as the laptop move around.  For a
11506 non-roaming machine, there is no caching, but given that it is
11507 supposed to stay in place it should not matter much.  Perhaps we
11508 should switch those to use sssd too?</p>
11509
11510 <p>The user's SMB mount point for the network home directory is
11511 located when the user logs in for the first time.  The LDAP server is
11512 consulted to look for the user's LDAP object and the sambaHomePath
11513 attribute is used if found.  If it isn't found, the home directory
11514 path fetched from NSS is used instead.  Assuming the path is of the
11515 form /site/server/directory/username, the second part is looked up in
11516 DNS and used to generate a SMB URL of the form
11517 smb://server.domain/username.  This algorithm works for both Debian
11518 edu and the University of Oslo.  Perhaps there are better attributes
11519 to use or a better algorithm that works for more sites, but this will
11520 do for now. :)</p>
11521
11522 <p>This work should make it easier to integrate the Debian Edu clients
11523 into any LDAP/Kerberos infrastructure, and make the current setup even
11524 more flexible than before.  I suspect it will also work for thin
11525 client servers, allowing one to easily set up LTSP and hook it into a
11526 existing network infrastructure, but I have not had time to test this
11527 yet.</p>
11528
11529 <p>If you want to help out with implementing these things for Debian
11530 Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11531
11532 <p>Update 2010-08-09: Simon Farnsworth gave me a heads-up on how to
11533 detect Kerberos realm from DNS, by looking for _kerberos TXT entries
11534 before falling back to the upper case DNS domain name.  Will have to
11535 implement it for Debian Edu. :)</p>
11536
11537       </div>
11538       <div class="tags">
11539
11540
11541         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11542
11543
11544       </div>
11545     </div>
11546     <div class="padding"></div>
11547
11548     <div class="entry">
11549       <div class="title">
11550         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Testing_if_a_file_system_can_be_used_for_home_directories___.html">Testing if a file system can be used for home directories...</a>
11551       </div>
11552       <div class="date">
11553          8th August 2010
11554       </div>
11555       <div class="body">
11556         <p>A few years ago, I was involved in a project planning to use
11557 Windows file servers as home directory servers for Debian
11558 Edu/Skolelinux machines.  This was thought to be no problem, as the
11559 access would be through the SMB network file system protocol, and we
11560 knew other sites used SMB with unix and samba as the file server to
11561 mount home directories without any problems.  But, after months of
11562 struggling, we had to conclude that our goal was impossible.</p>
11563
11564 <p>The reason is simply that while SMB can be used for home
11565 directories when the file server is Samba running on Unix, this only
11566 work because of Samba have some extensions and the fact that the
11567 underlying file system is a unix file system.  When using a Windows
11568 file server, the underlying file system do not have POSIX semantics,
11569 and several programs will fail if the users home directory where they
11570 want to store their configuration lack POSIX semantics.</p>
11571
11572 <p>As part of this work, I wrote a small C program I want to share
11573 with you all, to replicate a few of the problematic applications (like
11574 OpenOffice.org and GCompris) and see if the file system was working as
11575 it should.  If you find yourself in spooky file system land, it might
11576 help you find your way out again.  This is the fs-test.c source:</p>
11577
11578 <pre>
11579 /*
11580  * Some tests to check the file system sematics.  Used to verify that
11581  * CIFS from a windows server do not work properly as a linux home
11582  * directory.
11583  * License: GPL v2 or later
11584  *
11585  * needs libsqlite3-dev and build-essential installed
11586  * compile with: gcc -Wall -lsqlite3 -DTEST_SQLITE fs-test.c -o fs-test
11587 */
11588
11589 #define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS 64
11590 #define _LARGEFILE_SOURCE 1
11591 #define _LARGEFILE64_SOURCE 1
11592
11593 #define _GNU_SOURCE /* for asprintf() */
11594
11595 #include &lt;errno.h>
11596 #include &lt;fcntl.h>
11597 #include &lt;stdio.h>
11598 #include &lt;string.h>
11599 #include &lt;stdlib.h>
11600 #include &lt;sys/file.h>
11601 #include &lt;sys/stat.h>
11602 #include &lt;sys/types.h>
11603 #include &lt;unistd.h>
11604
11605 #ifdef TEST_SQLITE
11606 /*
11607  * Test sqlite open, as done by gcompris require the libsqlite3-dev
11608  * package and linking with -lsqlite3.  A more low level test is
11609  * below.
11610  * See also &lt;URL: http://www.sqlite.org./faq.html#q5 >.
11611  */
11612 #include &lt;sqlite3.h>
11613 #define CREATE_TABLE_USERS                                              \
11614   "CREATE TABLE users (user_id INT UNIQUE, login TEXT, lastname TEXT, firstname TEXT, birthdate TEXT, class_id INT ); "
11615 int test_sqlite_open(void) {
11616   char *zErrMsg;
11617   char *name = "testsqlite.db";
11618   sqlite3 *db=NULL;
11619   unlink(name);
11620   int rc = sqlite3_open(name, &db);
11621   if( rc ){
11622     printf("error: sqlite open of %s failed: %s\n", name, sqlite3_errmsg(db));
11623     sqlite3_close(db);
11624     return -1;
11625   }
11626
11627   /* create tables */
11628   rc = sqlite3_exec(db,CREATE_TABLE_USERS, NULL,  0, &zErrMsg);
11629   if( rc != SQLITE_OK ){
11630     printf("error: sqlite table create failed: %s\n", zErrMsg);
11631     sqlite3_close(db);
11632     return -1;
11633   }
11634   printf("info: sqlite worked\n");
11635   sqlite3_close(db);
11636   return 0;
11637 }
11638 #endif /* TEST_SQLITE */
11639
11640 /*
11641  * Demonstrate locking issue found in gcompris using sqlite3.  This
11642  * work with ext3, but not with cifs server on Windows 2003.  This is
11643  * done in the sqlite3 library.
11644  * See also
11645  * &lt;URL:http://www.cygwin.com/ml/cygwin/2001-08/msg00854.html> and the
11646  * POSIX specification
11647  * &lt;URL:http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/fcntl.html>.
11648  */
11649 int test_gcompris_locking(void) {
11650   struct flock fl;
11651   char *name = "testsqlite.db";
11652   unlink(name);
11653   int fd = open(name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_LARGEFILE, 0644);
11654   printf("info: testing fcntl locking\n");
11655
11656   fl.l_whence = SEEK_SET;
11657   fl.l_pid    = getpid();
11658   printf("  Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824");
11659   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
11660   fl.l_len    = 1;
11661   fl.l_type   = F_RDLCK;
11662   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
11663
11664   printf("  Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826");
11665   fl.l_start  = 1073741826;
11666   fl.l_len    = 510;
11667   fl.l_type   = F_RDLCK;
11668   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
11669
11670   printf("  Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824");
11671   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
11672   fl.l_len    = 1;
11673   fl.l_type   = F_UNLCK;
11674   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
11675
11676   printf("  Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824");
11677   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
11678   fl.l_len    = 1;
11679   fl.l_type   = F_WRLCK;
11680   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
11681
11682   printf("  Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826");
11683   fl.l_start  = 1073741826;
11684   fl.l_len    = 510;
11685   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
11686
11687   printf("  Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824");
11688   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
11689   fl.l_len    = 2;
11690   fl.l_type   = F_UNLCK;
11691   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
11692
11693   close(fd);
11694   return 0;
11695 }
11696
11697 /*
11698  * Test if permissions of freshly created directories allow entries
11699  * below them.  This was a problem with OpenOffice.org and gcompris.
11700  * Mounting with option 'sync' seem to solve this problem while
11701  * slowing down file operations.
11702  */
11703 int test_subdirectory_creation(void) {
11704 #define LEVELS 5
11705   char *path = strdup("test");
11706   char *dirs[LEVELS];
11707   int level;
11708   printf("info: testing subdirectory creation\n");
11709   for (level = 0; level &lt; LEVELS; level++) {
11710     char *newpath = NULL;
11711     if (-1 == mkdir(path, 0777)) {
11712       printf("  error: Unable to create directory '%s': %s\n",
11713              path, strerror(errno));
11714       break;
11715     }
11716     asprintf(&newpath, "%s/%s", path, "test");
11717     free(path);
11718     path = newpath;
11719   }
11720   return 0;
11721 }
11722
11723 /*
11724  * Test if symlinks can be created.  This was a problem detected with
11725  * KDE.
11726  */
11727 int test_symlinks(void) {
11728   printf("info: testing symlink creation\n");
11729   unlink("symlink");
11730   if (-1 == symlink("file", "symlink"))
11731     printf("  error: Unable to create symlink\n");
11732   return 0;
11733 }
11734
11735 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
11736   printf("Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system\n");
11737   test_symlinks();
11738   test_subdirectory_creation();
11739 #ifdef TEST_SQLITE
11740   test_sqlite_open();
11741 #endif /* TEST_SQLITE */
11742   test_gcompris_locking();
11743   return 0;
11744 }
11745 </pre>
11746
11747 <p>When everything is working, it should print something like
11748 this:</p>
11749
11750 <pre>
11751 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
11752 info: testing symlink creation
11753 info: testing subdirectory creation
11754 info: sqlite worked
11755 info: testing fcntl locking
11756   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
11757   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
11758   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
11759   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
11760   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
11761   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
11762 </pre>
11763
11764 <p>I do not remember the exact details of the problems we saw, but one
11765 of them was with locking, where if I remember correctly, POSIX allow a
11766 read-only lock to be upgraded to a read-write lock without unlocking
11767 the read-only lock (while Windows do not).  Another was a bug in the
11768 CIFS/SMB client implementation in the Linux kernel where directory
11769 meta information would be wrong for a fraction of a second, making
11770 OpenOffice.org fail to create its deep directory tree because it was
11771 not allowed to create files in its freshly created directory.</p>
11772
11773 <p>Anyway, here is a nice tool for your tool box, might you never need
11774 it. :)</p>
11775
11776 <p>Update 2010-08-27: Michael Gebetsroither report that he found the
11777 script so useful that he created a GIT repository and stored it in
11778 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a>.</p>
11779
11780       </div>
11781       <div class="tags">
11782
11783
11784         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11785
11786
11787       </div>
11788     </div>
11789     <div class="padding"></div>
11790
11791     <div class="entry">
11792       <div class="title">
11793         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Autodetecting_Client_setup_for_roaming_workstations_in_Debian_Edu.html">Autodetecting Client setup for roaming workstations in Debian Edu</a>
11794       </div>
11795       <div class="date">
11796          7th August 2010
11797       </div>
11798       <div class="body">
11799         <p>A few days ago, I
11800 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_roaming_workstation___at_the_university_of_Oslo.html">tried
11801 to install</a> a Roaming workation profile from Debian Edu/Squeeze
11802 while on the university network here at the University of Oslo, and
11803 noticed how much had to change to get it operational using the
11804 university infrastructure.  It was fairly easy, but it occured to me
11805 that Debian Edu would improve a lot if I could get the client to
11806 connect without any changes at all, and thus let the client configure
11807 itself during installation and first boot to use the infrastructure
11808 around it.  Now I am a huge step further along that road.</p>
11809
11810 <p>With our current squeeze-test packages, I can select the roaming
11811 workstation profile and get a working laptop connecting to the
11812 university LDAP server for user and group and our active directory
11813 servers for Kerberos authentication.  All this without any
11814 configuration at all during installation.  My users home directory got
11815 a bookmark in the KDE menu to mount it via SMB, with the correct URL.
11816 In short, openldap and sssd is correctly configured.  In addition to
11817 this, the client look for http://wpad/wpad.dat to configure a web
11818 proxy, and when it fail to find it no proxy settings are stored in
11819 /etc/environment and /etc/apt/apt.conf.  Iceweasel and KDE is
11820 configured to look for the same wpad configuration and also do not use
11821 a proxy when at the university network.  If the machine is moved to a
11822 network with such wpad setup, it would automatically use it when DHCP
11823 gave it a IP address.</p>
11824
11825 <p>The LDAP server is located using DNS, by first looking for the DNS
11826 entry ldap.$domain.  If this do not exist, it look for the
11827 _ldap._tcp.$domain SRV records and use the first one as the LDAP
11828 server.  Next, it connects to the LDAP server and search all
11829 namingContexts entries for posixAccount or posixGroup objects, and
11830 pick the first one as the LDAP base.  For Kerberos, a similar
11831 algorithm is used to locate the LDAP server, and the realm is the
11832 uppercase version of $domain.</p>
11833
11834 <p>So, what is not working, you might ask.  SMB mounting my home
11835 directory do not work.  No idea why, but suspected the incorrect
11836 Kerberos settings in /etc/krb5.conf and /etc/samba/smb.conf might be
11837 the cause.  These are not properly configured during installation, and
11838 had to be hand-edited to get the correct Kerberos realm and server,
11839 but SMB mounting still do not work. :(</p>
11840
11841 <p>With this automatic configuration in place, I expect a Debian Edu
11842 roaming profile installation would be able to automatically detect and
11843 connect to any site using LDAP and Kerberos for NSS directory and PAM
11844 authentication.  It should also work out of the box in a Active
11845 Directory environment providing posixAccount and posixGroup objects
11846 with UID and GID values.</p>
11847
11848 <p>If you want to help out with implementing these things for Debian
11849 Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11850
11851       </div>
11852       <div class="tags">
11853
11854
11855         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11856
11857
11858       </div>
11859     </div>
11860     <div class="padding"></div>
11861
11862     <div class="entry">
11863       <div class="title">
11864         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_roaming_workstation___at_the_university_of_Oslo.html">Debian Edu roaming workstation - at the university of Oslo</a>
11865       </div>
11866       <div class="date">
11867          3rd August 2010
11868       </div>
11869       <div class="body">
11870         <p>The new roaming workstation profile in Debian Edu/Squeeze is fairly
11871 similar to the laptop setup am I working on using Ubuntu for the
11872 University of Oslo, and just for the heck of it, I tested today how
11873 hard it would be to integrate that profile into the university
11874 infrastructure.  In this case, it is the university LDAP server,
11875 Active Directory Kerberos server and SMB mounting from the Netapp file
11876 servers.</p>
11877
11878 <p>I was pleasantly surprised that the only three files needed to be
11879 changed (/etc/sssd/sssd.conf, /etc/ldap.conf and
11880 /etc/mklocaluser.d/20-debian-edu-config) and one file had to be added
11881 (/usr/share/perl5/Debian/Edu_Local.pm), to get the client working.
11882 Most of the changes were to get the client to use the university LDAP
11883 for NSS and Kerberos server for PAM, but one was to change a hard
11884 coded DNS domain name in the mklocaluser hook from .intern to
11885 .uio.no.</p>
11886
11887 <p>This testing was so encouraging, that I went ahead and adjusted the
11888 Debian Edu scripts and setup in subversion to centralise the roaming
11889 workstation setup a bit more and avoid the hardcoded DNS domain name,
11890 so that when I test this tomorrow, I expect to get away with modifying
11891 only /etc/sssd/sssd.conf and /etc/ldap.conf to get it to use the
11892 university servers.</p>
11893
11894 <p>My goal is to get the clients to have no hardcoded settings and
11895 fetch all their initial setup during installation and first boot, to
11896 allow them to be inserted also into environments where the default
11897 setup in Debian Edu has been changed or as with the university, where
11898 the environment is different but provides the protocols Debian Edu
11899 uses.</p>
11900
11901       </div>
11902       <div class="tags">
11903
11904
11905         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11906
11907
11908       </div>
11909     </div>
11910     <div class="padding"></div>
11911
11912     <div class="entry">
11913       <div class="title">
11914         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Debian_Edu_test_release__alpha0__based_on_Squeeze_is_released.html">First Debian Edu test release (alpha0) based on Squeeze is released</a>
11915       </div>
11916       <div class="date">
11917         27th July 2010
11918       </div>
11919       <div class="body">
11920         <p>I just posted this announcement culminating several months of work
11921 with the next Debian Edu release.  Not nearly done, but one major step
11922 completed.</p>
11923
11924 <blockquote>
11925 <p>This is the first test release based on Squeeze. The focus of this
11926 release is to test the user application selection. To have a look,
11927 install the standalone profile and let the developers know if the set
11928 of installed packages i.e. applications should be modified. If some
11929 user application is missing, or if there are some applications that no
11930 longer make sense to be included in Debian Edu, please let us know.
11931 Also, if a useful application is missing the translation for your
11932 language of choice, please let us know too.</p>
11933
11934 <p>In addition, feedback and help to polish the desktop (menus,
11935 artwork, starters, etc.) is appreciated. We would like to ship a nice
11936 and handy KDE4 desktop targeted for schools out of the box.</p>
11937
11938 <p>The other profiles should be installable, but there is a lot more
11939 work left to be done before they are ready, so do not expect to
11940 much.</p>
11941
11942 <p>Changes compared to the lenny based version</p>
11943
11944 <ul>
11945 <li>Everything from Debian Squeeze
11946 <ul>
11947   <li>Desktop environment KDE 4.4 => the new KDE desktop in
11948          combination with some new artwork
11949   <li>Web browser Iceweasel 3.5
11950   <li>OpenOffice.org 3.2
11951   <li>Educational toolbox GCompris 9.3
11952   <li>Music creator Rosegarden 10.04.2
11953   <li>Image editor Gimp 2.6.10
11954   <li>Virtual universe Celestia 1.6.0
11955   <li>Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.10.4
11956   <li>3D modeler Blender 2.49.2 (new application)
11957   <li>Video editor Kdenlive 0.7.7 (new application)
11958 </ul></li>
11959 <li>Now using Kerberos for password checking (migration not finished).
11960     Enabled for:
11961 <ul>
11962   <li>PAM
11963   <li>LDAP
11964   <li>IMAP
11965   <li>SMTP (sender verification)
11966 </ul>
11967 </li>
11968 <li>New experimental roaming workstation profile for laptops.</li>
11969 <li>Show welcome page to users when they first log in. The URL is
11970     fetched from LDAP.</li>
11971 <li>New LXDE desktop option, in addition to KDE (default) and Gnome.</li>
11972 <li>General cleanup (not finished)</li>
11973 </ul>
11974 <p>The following features are not working as they should</p>
11975
11976 <ul>
11977 <li>No web based administration tool for creating users and groups. The
11978     scripts ldap-createuser-krb and ldap-add-user-to-group can be used
11979     for testing.</li>
11980 <li>DVD installs are missing debian-installer images for the PXE boot,
11981     and do not set up the PXE menu on eth0 because of this. LTSP
11982     clients should still boot from eth1 on thin client servers.</li>
11983 <li>The restructured KDE menu is not implemented.</li>
11984 <li>The LDAP server setup need to be reviewed for security.</li>
11985 <li>The LDAP directory structure need to be reworked.</li>
11986 <li>Different sets of packages are installed when using the DVD and the
11987     netinst CD. More packages are installed using the netinst CD.</li>
11988 <li>The jackd package fail to install. This is believed to be caused by
11989     some ongoing transition, and hopefully should be solved soon. The
11990     jackd1 package can be installed manually for those that need it.</li>
11991 <li>Some packages lack translations. See
11992     http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Squeeze for updated status,
11993     and help out with translations.</li>
11994 </ul>
11995
11996 <p>To download this multiarch netinstall release you can use</p>
11997
11998 <ul>
11999 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</a></li>
12000 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</a></li>
12001 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
12002 </ul>
12003 <p>To download this multiarch dvd release you can use</p>
12004
12005 <ul>
12006 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</a></li>
12007 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</a></li>
12008 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
12009 </ul>
12010
12011 <p>There is no source DVD available yet. It will be prepared when we
12012 get closer to the final release.</p>
12013
12014 <p>The MD5SUM of these images are</p>
12015
12016 <ul>
12017 <li>3dbf45d59f42a53518b6e3c9ec3b5eb6 debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
12018 <li>22f2cbfce281d1c6e478be452638675d debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
12019 </ul>
12020
12021 <p>The SHA1SUM of these images are</p>
12022 <ul>
12023 <li>c53d1b69b40cf37cd27aefaf33f6f6a3821bedf0 debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
12024 <li>2ec29d7db676d59d32197b05c277ffe16348376c debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
12025 </ul>
12026 <p>How to report bugs:
12027 http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugsInBugzilla</p>
12028
12029 <p>Please direct replies to debian-edu@lists.debian.org</p>
12030 </blockquote>
12031
12032       </div>
12033       <div class="tags">
12034
12035
12036         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12037
12038
12039       </div>
12040     </div>
12041     <div class="padding"></div>
12042
12043     <div class="entry">
12044       <div class="title">
12045         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/One_step_closer_to_single_signon_in_Debian_Edu.html">One step closer to single signon in Debian Edu</a>
12046       </div>
12047       <div class="date">
12048         25th July 2010
12049       </div>
12050       <div class="body">
12051         <p>The last few months me and the other Debian Edu developers have
12052 been working hard to get the Debian/Squeeze based version of Debian
12053 Edu/Skolelinux into shape.  This future version will use Kerberos for
12054 authentication, and services are slowly migrated to single signon,
12055 getting rid of password questions one at the time.</p>
12056
12057 <p>It will also feature a roaming workstation profile with local home
12058 directory, for laptops that are only some times on the Skolelinux
12059 network, and for this profile a shortcut is created in Gnome and KDE
12060 to gain access to the users home directory on the file server.  This
12061 shortcut uses SMB at the moment, and yesterday I had time to test if
12062 SMB mounting had started working in KDE after we added the cifs-utils
12063 package.  I was pleasantly surprised how well it worked.</p>
12064
12065 <p>Thanks to the recent changes to our samba configuration to get it
12066 to use Kerberos for authentication, there were no question about user
12067 password when mounting the SMB volume.  A simple click on the shortcut
12068 in the KDE menu, and a window with the home directory popped
12069 up. :)</p>
12070
12071 <p>One step closer to a single signon solution out of the box in
12072 Debian Edu.  We already had PAM, LDAP, IMAP and SMTP in place, and now
12073 also Samba.  Next step is Cups and hopefully also NFS.</p>
12074
12075 <p>We had planned a alpha0 release of Debian Edu for today, but thanks
12076 to the autobuilder administrators for some architectures being slow to
12077 sign packages, we are still missing the fixed LTSP package we need for
12078 the release.  It was uploaded three days ago with urgency=high, and if
12079 it had entered testing yesterday we would have been able to test it in
12080 time for a alpha0 release today.  As the binaries for ia64 and powerpc
12081 still not uploaded to the Debian archive, we need to delay the alpha
12082 release another day.</p>
12083
12084 <p>If you want to help out with implementing Kerberos for Debian Edu,
12085 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12086
12087       </div>
12088       <div class="tags">
12089
12090
12091         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet</a>.
12092
12093
12094       </div>
12095     </div>
12096     <div class="padding"></div>
12097
12098     <div class="entry">
12099       <div class="title">
12100         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/What_are_they_searching_for___PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_in_LDAP.html">What are they searching for - PowerDNS and ISC DHCP in LDAP</a>
12101       </div>
12102       <div class="date">
12103         17th July 2010
12104       </div>
12105       <div class="body">
12106         <p>This is a
12107 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">followup</a>
12108 on my
12109 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_a_change_to_LDAP_schemas_allowing_DNS_and_DHCP_info_to_be_combined_into_one_object.html">previous
12110 work</a> on
12111 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Combining_PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_LDAP_objects.html">merging
12112 all</a> the computer related LDAP objects in Debian Edu.</p>
12113
12114 <p>As a step to try to see if it possible to merge the DNS and DHCP
12115 LDAP objects, I have had a look at how the packages pdns-backend-ldap
12116 and dhcp3-server-ldap in Debian use the LDAP server.  The two
12117 implementations are quite different in how they use LDAP.</p>
12118
12119 To get this information, I started slapd with debugging enabled and
12120 dumped the debug output to a file to get the LDAP searches performed
12121 on a Debian Edu main-server.  Here is a summary.
12122
12123 <p><strong>powerdns</strong></p>
12124
12125 <a href="http://www.linuxnetworks.de/doc/index.php/PowerDNS_LDAP_Backend">Clues
12126 on how to</a> set up PowerDNS to use a LDAP backend is available on
12127 the web.
12128
12129 <p>PowerDNS have two modes of operation using LDAP as its backend.
12130 One "strict" mode where the forward and reverse DNS lookups are done
12131 using the same LDAP objects, and a "tree" mode where the forward and
12132 reverse entries are in two different subtrees in LDAP with a structure
12133 based on the DNS names, as in tjener.intern and
12134 2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa.</p>
12135
12136 <p>In tree mode, the server is set up to use a LDAP subtree as its
12137 base, and uses a "base" scoped search for the DNS name by adding
12138 "dc=tjener,dc=intern," to the base with a filter for
12139 "(associateddomain=tjener.intern)" for the forward entry and
12140 "dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa," with a filter for
12141 "(associateddomain=2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa)" for the reverse entry.  For
12142 forward entries, it is looking for attributes named dnsttl, arecord,
12143 nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord, ptrrecord, hinforecord, mxrecord,
12144 txtrecord, rprecord, afsdbrecord, keyrecord, aaaarecord, locrecord,
12145 srvrecord, naptrrecord, kxrecord, certrecord, dsrecord, sshfprecord,
12146 ipseckeyrecord, rrsigrecord, nsecrecord, dnskeyrecord, dhcidrecord,
12147 spfrecord and modifytimestamp.  For reverse entries it is looking for
12148 the attributes dnsttl, arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord,
12149 ptrrecord, hinforecord, mxrecord, txtrecord, rprecord, aaaarecord,
12150 locrecord, srvrecord, naptrrecord and modifytimestamp.  The equivalent
12151 ldapsearch commands could look like this:</p>
12152
12153 <blockquote><pre>
12154 ldapsearch -h ldap \
12155   -b dc=tjener,dc=intern,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no \
12156   -s base -x '(associateddomain=tjener.intern)' dNSTTL aRecord nSRecord \
12157   cNAMERecord sOARecord pTRRecord hInfoRecord mXRecord tXTRecord \
12158   rPRecord aFSDBRecord KeyRecord aAAARecord lOCRecord sRVRecord \
12159   nAPTRRecord kXRecord certRecord dSRecord sSHFPRecord iPSecKeyRecord \
12160   rRSIGRecord nSECRecord dNSKeyRecord dHCIDRecord sPFRecord modifyTimestamp
12161
12162 ldapsearch -h ldap \
12163   -b dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no \
12164   -s base -x '(associateddomain=2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa)'
12165   dnsttl, arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord soarecord ptrrecord \
12166   hinforecord mxrecord txtrecord rprecord aaaarecord locrecord \
12167   srvrecord naptrrecord modifytimestamp
12168 </pre></blockquote>
12169
12170 <p>In Debian Edu/Lenny, the PowerDNS tree mode is used with
12171 ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no as the base, and these are two
12172 example LDAP objects used there.  In addition to these objects, the
12173 parent objects all th way up to ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12174 also exist.</p>
12175
12176 <blockquote><pre>
12177 dn: dc=tjener,dc=intern,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12178 objectclass: top
12179 objectclass: dnsdomain
12180 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
12181 dc: tjener
12182 arecord: 10.0.2.2
12183 associateddomain: tjener.intern
12184
12185 dn: dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12186 objectclass: top
12187 objectclass: dnsdomain2
12188 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
12189 dc: 2
12190 ptrrecord: tjener.intern
12191 associateddomain: 2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa
12192 </pre></blockquote>
12193
12194 <p>In strict mode, the server behaves differently.  When looking for
12195 forward DNS entries, it is doing a "subtree" scoped search with the
12196 same base as in the tree mode for a object with filter
12197 "(associateddomain=tjener.intern)" and requests the attributes dnsttl,
12198 arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord, ptrrecord, hinforecord,
12199 mxrecord, txtrecord, rprecord, aaaarecord, locrecord, srvrecord,
12200 naptrrecord and modifytimestamp.  For reverse entires it also do a
12201 subtree scoped search but this time the filter is "(arecord=10.0.2.2)"
12202 and the requested attributes are associateddomain, dnsttl and
12203 modifytimestamp.  In short, in strict mode the objects with ptrrecord
12204 go away, and the arecord attribute in the forward object is used
12205 instead.</p>
12206
12207 <p>The forward and reverse searches can be simulated using ldapsearch
12208 like this:</p>
12209
12210 <blockquote><pre>
12211 ldapsearch -h ldap -b ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no -s sub -x \
12212   '(associateddomain=tjener.intern)' dNSTTL aRecord nSRecord \
12213   cNAMERecord sOARecord pTRRecord hInfoRecord mXRecord tXTRecord \
12214   rPRecord aFSDBRecord KeyRecord aAAARecord lOCRecord sRVRecord \
12215   nAPTRRecord kXRecord certRecord dSRecord sSHFPRecord iPSecKeyRecord \
12216   rRSIGRecord nSECRecord dNSKeyRecord dHCIDRecord sPFRecord modifyTimestamp
12217
12218 ldapsearch -h ldap -b ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no -s sub -x \
12219   '(arecord=10.0.2.2)' associateddomain dnsttl modifytimestamp
12220 </pre></blockquote>
12221
12222 <p>In addition to the forward and reverse searches , there is also a
12223 search for SOA records, which behave similar to the forward and
12224 reverse lookups.</p>
12225
12226 <p>A thing to note with the PowerDNS behaviour is that it do not
12227 specify any objectclass names, and instead look for the attributes it
12228 need to generate a DNS reply.  This make it able to work with any
12229 objectclass that provide the needed attributes.</p>
12230
12231 <p>The attributes are normally provided in the cosine (RFC 1274) and
12232 dnsdomain2 schemas.  The latter is used for reverse entries like
12233 ptrrecord and recent DNS additions like aaaarecord and srvrecord.</p>
12234
12235 <p>In Debian Edu, we have created DNS objects using the object classes
12236 dcobject (for dc), dnsdomain or dnsdomain2 (structural, for the DNS
12237 attributes) and domainrelatedobject (for associatedDomain).  The use
12238 of structural object classes make it impossible to combine these
12239 classes with the object classes used by DHCP.</p>
12240
12241 <p>There are other schemas that could be used too, for example the
12242 dnszone structural object class used by Gosa and bind-sdb for the DNS
12243 attributes combined with the domainrelatedobject object class, but in
12244 this case some unused attributes would have to be included as well
12245 (zonename and relativedomainname).</p>
12246
12247 <p>My proposal for Debian Edu would be to switch PowerDNS to strict
12248 mode and not use any of the existing objectclasses (dnsdomain,
12249 dnsdomain2 and dnszone) when one want to combine the DNS information
12250 with DHCP information, and instead create a auxiliary object class
12251 defined something like this (using the attributes defined for
12252 dnsdomain and dnsdomain2 or dnszone):</p>
12253
12254 <blockquote><pre>
12255 objectclass ( some-oid NAME 'dnsDomainAux'
12256     SUP top
12257     AUXILIARY
12258     MAY ( ARecord $ MDRecord $ MXRecord $ NSRecord $ SOARecord $ CNAMERecord $
12259           DNSTTL $ DNSClass $ PTRRecord $ HINFORecord $ MINFORecord $
12260           TXTRecord $ SIGRecord $ KEYRecord $ AAAARecord $ LOCRecord $
12261           NXTRecord $ SRVRecord $ NAPTRRecord $ KXRecord $ CERTRecord $
12262           A6Record $ DNAMERecord
12263     ))
12264 </pre></blockquote>
12265
12266 <p>This will allow any object to become a DNS entry when combined with
12267 the domainrelatedobject object class, and allow any entity to include
12268 all the attributes PowerDNS wants.  I've sent an email to the PowerDNS
12269 developers asking for their view on this schema and if they are
12270 interested in providing such schema with PowerDNS, and I hope my
12271 message will be accepted into their mailing list soon.</p>
12272
12273 <p><strong>ISC dhcp</strong></p>
12274
12275 <p>The DHCP server searches for specific objectclass and requests all
12276 the object attributes, and then uses the attributes it want.  This
12277 make it harder to figure out exactly what attributes are used, but
12278 thanks to the working example in Debian Edu I can at least get an idea
12279 what is needed without having to read the source code.</p>
12280
12281 <p>In the DHCP server configuration, the LDAP base to use and the
12282 search filter to use to locate the correct dhcpServer entity is
12283 stored.  These are the relevant entries from
12284 /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf:</p>
12285
12286 <blockquote><pre>
12287 ldap-base-dn "dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no";
12288 ldap-dhcp-server-cn "dhcp";
12289 </pre></blockquote>
12290
12291 <p>The DHCP server uses this information to nest all the DHCP
12292 configuration it need.  The cn "dhcp" is located using the given LDAP
12293 base and the filter "(&(objectClass=dhcpServer)(cn=dhcp))".  The
12294 search result is this entry:</p>
12295
12296 <blockquote><pre>
12297 dn: cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12298 cn: dhcp
12299 objectClass: top
12300 objectClass: dhcpServer
12301 dhcpServiceDN: cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12302 </pre></blockquote>
12303
12304 <p>The content of the dhcpServiceDN attribute is next used to locate the
12305 subtree with DHCP configuration.  The DHCP configuration subtree base
12306 is located using a base scope search with base "cn=DHCP
12307 Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no" and filter
12308 "(&(objectClass=dhcpService)(|(dhcpPrimaryDN=cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no)(dhcpSecondaryDN=cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no)))".
12309 The search result is this entry:</p>
12310
12311 <blockquote><pre>
12312 dn: cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12313 cn: DHCP Config
12314 objectClass: top
12315 objectClass: dhcpService
12316 objectClass: dhcpOptions
12317 dhcpPrimaryDN: cn=dhcp, dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12318 dhcpStatements: ddns-update-style none
12319 dhcpStatements: authoritative
12320 dhcpOption: smtp-server code 69 = array of ip-address
12321 dhcpOption: www-server code 72 = array of ip-address
12322 dhcpOption: wpad-url code 252 = text
12323 </pre></blockquote>
12324
12325 <p>Next, the entire subtree is processed, one level at the time.  When
12326 all the DHCP configuration is loaded, it is ready to receive requests.
12327 The subtree in Debian Edu contain objects with object classes
12328 top/dhcpService/dhcpOptions, top/dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions,
12329 top/dhcpSubnet, top/dhcpGroup and top/dhcpHost.  These provide options
12330 and information about netmasks, dynamic range etc.  Leaving out the
12331 details here because it is not relevant for the focus of my
12332 investigation, which is to see if it is possible to merge dns and dhcp
12333 related computer objects.</p>
12334
12335 <p>When a DHCP request come in, LDAP is searched for the MAC address
12336 of the client (00:00:00:00:00:00 in this example), using a subtree
12337 scoped search with "cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no" as
12338 the base and "(&(objectClass=dhcpHost)(dhcpHWAddress=ethernet
12339 00:00:00:00:00:00))" as the filter.  This is what a host object look
12340 like:</p>
12341
12342 <blockquote><pre>
12343 dn: cn=hostname,cn=group1,cn=THINCLIENTS,cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12344 cn: hostname
12345 objectClass: top
12346 objectClass: dhcpHost
12347 dhcpHWAddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
12348 dhcpStatements: fixed-address hostname
12349 </pre></blockquote>
12350
12351 <p>There is less flexiblity in the way LDAP searches are done here.
12352 The object classes need to have fixed names, and the configuration
12353 need to be stored in a fairly specific LDAP structure.  On the
12354 positive side, the invidiual dhcpHost entires can be anywhere without
12355 the DN pointed to by the dhcpServer entries.  The latter should make
12356 it possible to group all host entries in a subtree next to the
12357 configuration entries, and this subtree can also be shared with the
12358 DNS server if the schema proposed above is combined with the dhcpHost
12359 structural object class.
12360
12361 <p><strong>Conclusion</strong></p>
12362
12363 <p>The PowerDNS implementation seem to be very flexible when it come
12364 to which LDAP schemas to use.  While its "tree" mode is rigid when it
12365 come to the the LDAP structure, the "strict" mode is very flexible,
12366 allowing DNS objects to be stored anywhere under the base cn specified
12367 in the configuration.</p>
12368
12369 <p>The DHCP implementation on the other hand is very inflexible, both
12370 regarding which LDAP schemas to use and which LDAP structure to use.
12371 I guess one could implement ones own schema, as long as the
12372 objectclasses and attributes have the names used, but this do not
12373 really help when the DHCP subtree need to have a fairly fixed
12374 structure.</p>
12375
12376 <p>Based on the observed behaviour, I suspect a LDAP structure like
12377 this might work for Debian Edu:</p>
12378
12379 <blockquote><pre>
12380 ou=services
12381   cn=machine-info (dhcpService) - dhcpServiceDN points here
12382     cn=dhcp (dhcpServer)
12383     cn=dhcp-internal (dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions)
12384       cn=10.0.2.0 (dhcpSubnet)
12385         cn=group1 (dhcpGroup/dhcpOptions)
12386     cn=dhcp-thinclients (dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions)
12387       cn=192.168.0.0 (dhcpSubnet)
12388         cn=group1 (dhcpGroup/dhcpOptions)
12389     ou=machines - PowerDNS base points here
12390       cn=hostname (dhcpHost/domainrelatedobject/dnsDomainAux)
12391 </pre></blockquote>
12392
12393 <P>This is not tested yet.  If the DHCP server require the dhcpHost
12394 entries to be in the dhcpGroup subtrees, the entries can be stored
12395 there instead of a common machines subtree, and the PowerDNS base
12396 would have to be moved one level up to the machine-info subtree.</p>
12397
12398 <p>The combined object under the machines subtree would look something
12399 like this:</p>
12400
12401 <blockquote><pre>
12402 dn: dc=hostname,ou=machines,cn=machine-info,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12403 dc: hostname
12404 objectClass: top
12405 objectClass: dhcpHost
12406 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
12407 objectclass: dnsDomainAux
12408 associateddomain: hostname.intern
12409 arecord: 10.11.12.13
12410 dhcpHWAddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
12411 dhcpStatements: fixed-address hostname.intern
12412 </pre></blockquote>
12413
12414 </p>One could even add the LTSP configuration associated with a given
12415 machine, as long as the required attributes are available in a
12416 auxiliary object class.</p>
12417
12418       </div>
12419       <div class="tags">
12420
12421
12422         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12423
12424
12425       </div>
12426     </div>
12427     <div class="padding"></div>
12428
12429     <div class="entry">
12430       <div class="title">
12431         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Combining_PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_LDAP_objects.html">Combining PowerDNS and ISC DHCP LDAP objects</a>
12432       </div>
12433       <div class="date">
12434         14th July 2010
12435       </div>
12436       <div class="body">
12437         <p>For a while now, I have wanted to find a way to change the DNS and
12438 DHCP services in Debian Edu to use the same LDAP objects for a given
12439 computer, to avoid the possibility of having a inconsistent state for
12440 a computer in LDAP (as in DHCP but no DNS entry or the other way
12441 around) and make it easier to add computers to LDAP.</p>
12442
12443 <p>I've looked at how powerdns and dhcpd is using LDAP, and using this
12444 information finally found a solution that seem to work.</p>
12445
12446 <p>The old setup required three LDAP objects for a given computer.
12447 One forward DNS entry, one reverse DNS entry and one DHCP entry.  If
12448 we switch powerdns to use its strict LDAP method (ldap-method=strict
12449 in pdns-debian-edu.conf), the forward and reverse DNS entries are
12450 merged into one while making it impossible to transfer the reverse map
12451 to a slave DNS server.</p>
12452
12453 <p>If we also replace the object class used to get the DNS related
12454 attributes to one allowing these attributes to be combined with the
12455 dhcphost object class, we can merge the DNS and DHCP entries into one.
12456 I've written such object class in the dnsdomainaux.schema file (need
12457 proper OIDs, but that is a minor issue), and tested the setup.  It
12458 seem to work.</p>
12459
12460 <p>With this test setup in place, we can get away with one LDAP object
12461 for both DNS and DHCP, and even the LTSP configuration I suggested in
12462 an earlier email.  The combined LDAP object will look something like
12463 this:</p>
12464
12465 <blockquote><pre>
12466   dn: cn=hostname,cn=group1,cn=THINCLIENTS,cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12467   cn: hostname
12468   objectClass: dhcphost
12469   objectclass: domainrelatedobject
12470   objectclass: dnsdomainaux
12471   associateddomain: hostname.intern
12472   arecord: 10.11.12.13
12473   dhcphwaddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
12474   dhcpstatements: fixed-address hostname
12475   ldapconfigsound: Y
12476 </pre></blockquote>
12477
12478 <p>The DNS server uses the associateddomain and arecord entries, while
12479 the DHCP server uses the dhcphwaddress and dhcpstatements entries
12480 before asking DNS to resolve the fixed-adddress.  LTSP will use
12481 dhcphwaddress or associateddomain and the ldapconfig* attributes.</p>
12482
12483 <p>I am not yet sure if I can get the DHCP server to look for its
12484 dhcphost in a different location, to allow us to put the objects
12485 outside the "DHCP Config" subtree, but hope to figure out a way to do
12486 that.  If I can't figure out a way to do that, we can still get rid of
12487 the hosts subtree and move all its content into the DHCP Config tree
12488 (which probably should be renamed to be more related to the new
12489 content.  I suspect cn=dnsdhcp,ou=services or something like that
12490 might be a good place to put it.</p>
12491
12492 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
12493 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12494
12495       </div>
12496       <div class="tags">
12497
12498
12499         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12500
12501
12502       </div>
12503     </div>
12504     <div class="padding"></div>
12505
12506     <div class="entry">
12507       <div class="title">
12508         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_storing_LTSP_configuration_in_LDAP.html">Idea for storing LTSP configuration in LDAP</a>
12509       </div>
12510       <div class="date">
12511         11th July 2010
12512       </div>
12513       <div class="body">
12514         <p>Vagrant mentioned on IRC today that ltsp_config now support
12515 sourcing files from /usr/share/ltsp/ltsp_config.d/ on the thin
12516 clients, and that this can be used to fetch configuration from LDAP if
12517 Debian Edu choose to store configuration there.</p>
12518
12519 <p>Armed with this information, I got inspired and wrote a test module
12520 to get configuration from LDAP.  The idea is to look up the MAC
12521 address of the client in LDAP, and look for attributes on the form
12522 ltspconfigsetting=value, and use this to export SETTING=value to the
12523 LTSP clients.</p>
12524
12525 <p>The goal is to be able to store the LTSP configuration attributes
12526 in a "computer" LDAP object used by both DNS and DHCP, and thus
12527 allowing us to store all information about a computer in one place.</p>
12528
12529 <p>This is a untested draft implementation, and I welcome feedback on
12530 this approach.  A real LDAP schema for the ltspClientAux objectclass
12531 need to be written.  Comments, suggestions, etc?</p>
12532
12533 <blockquote><pre>
12534 # Store in /opt/ltsp/$arch/usr/share/ltsp/ltsp_config.d/ldap-config
12535 #
12536 # Fetch LTSP client settings from LDAP based on MAC address
12537 #
12538 # Uses ethernet address as stored in the dhcpHost objectclass using
12539 # the dhcpHWAddress attribute or ethernet address stored in the
12540 # ieee802Device objectclass with the macAddress attribute.
12541 #
12542 # This module is written to be schema agnostic, and only depend on the
12543 # existence of attribute names.
12544 #
12545 # The LTSP configuration variables are saved directly using a
12546 # ltspConfig prefix and uppercasing the rest of the attribute name.
12547 # To set the SERVER variable, set the ltspConfigServer attribute.
12548 #
12549 # Some LDAP schema should be created with all the relevant
12550 # configuration settings.  Something like this should work:
12551 #
12552 # objectclass ( 1.1.2.2 NAME 'ltspClientAux'
12553 #     SUP top
12554 #     AUXILIARY
12555 #     MAY ( ltspConfigServer $ ltsConfigSound $ ... )
12556
12557 LDAPSERVER=$(debian-edu-ldapserver)
12558 if [ "$LDAPSERVER" ] ; then
12559     LDAPBASE=$(debian-edu-ldapserver -b)
12560     for MAC in $(LANG=C ifconfig |grep -i hwaddr| awk '{print $5}'|sort -u) ; do
12561         filter="(|(dhcpHWAddress=ethernet $MAC)(macAddress=$MAC))"
12562         ldapsearch -h "$LDAPSERVER" -b "$LDAPBASE" -v -x "$filter" | \
12563             grep '^ltspConfig' | while read attr value ; do
12564             # Remove prefix and convert to upper case
12565             attr=$(echo $attr | sed 's/^ltspConfig//i' | tr a-z A-Z)
12566             # bass value on to clients
12567             eval "$attr=$value; export $attr"
12568         done
12569     done
12570 fi
12571 </pre></blockquote>
12572
12573 <p>I'm not sure this shell construction will work, because I suspect
12574 the while block might end up in a subshell causing the variables set
12575 there to not show up in ltsp-config, but if that is the case I am sure
12576 the code can be restructured to make sure the variables are passed on.
12577 I expect that can be solved with some testing. :)</p>
12578
12579 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
12580 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12581
12582 <p>Update 2010-07-17: I am aware of another effort to store LTSP
12583 configuration in LDAP that was created around year 2000 by
12584 <a href="http://www.pcxperience.com/thinclient/documentation/ldap.html">PC
12585 Xperience, Inc., 2000</a>.  I found its
12586 <a href="http://people.redhat.com/alikins/ltsp/ldap/">files</a> on a
12587 personal home page over at redhat.com.</p>
12588
12589       </div>
12590       <div class="tags">
12591
12592
12593         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12594
12595
12596       </div>
12597     </div>
12598     <div class="padding"></div>
12599
12600     <div class="entry">
12601       <div class="title">
12602         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/jXplorer__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">jXplorer, a very nice LDAP GUI</a>
12603       </div>
12604       <div class="date">
12605          9th July 2010
12606       </div>
12607       <div class="body">
12608         <p>Since
12609 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/LUMA__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">my
12610 last post</a> about available LDAP tools in Debian, I was told about a
12611 LDAP GUI that is even better than luma.  The java application
12612 <a href="http://jxplorer.org/">jXplorer</a> is claimed to be capable of
12613 moving LDAP objects and subtrees using drag-and-drop, and can
12614 authenticate using Kerberos.  I have only tested the Kerberos
12615 authentication, but do not have a LDAP setup allowing me to rewrite
12616 LDAP with my test user yet.  It is
12617 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/j/jxplorer.html">available in
12618 Debian</a> testing and unstable at the moment.  The only problem I
12619 have with it is how it handle errors.  If something go wrong, its
12620 non-intuitive behaviour require me to go through some query work list
12621 and remove the failing query.  Nothing big, but very annoying.</p>
12622
12623       </div>
12624       <div class="tags">
12625
12626
12627         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12628
12629
12630       </div>
12631     </div>
12632     <div class="padding"></div>
12633
12634     <div class="entry">
12635       <div class="title">
12636         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__apt_vs_aptitude_with_the_Gnome_desktop.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, apt vs aptitude with the Gnome desktop</a>
12637       </div>
12638       <div class="date">
12639          3rd July 2010
12640       </div>
12641       <div class="body">
12642         <p>Here is a short update on my <a
12643 href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">my
12644 Debian Lenny->Squeeze upgrade testing</a>.  Here is a summary of the
12645 difference for Gnome when it is upgraded by apt-get and aptitude.  I'm
12646 not reporting the status for KDE, because the upgrade crashes when
12647 aptitude try because of missing conflicts
12648 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584861">#584861</a> and
12649 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/585716">#585716</a>).</p>
12650
12651 <p>At the end of the upgrade test script, dpkg -l is executed to get a
12652 complete list of the installed packages.  Based on this I see these
12653 differences when I did a test run today.  As usual, I do not really
12654 know what the correct set of packages would be, but thought it best to
12655 publish the difference.</p>
12656
12657 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
12658
12659 <blockquote><p>
12660   at-spi cpp-4.3 finger gnome-spell gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
12661   libatspi1.0-0 libcupsys2 libeel2-data libgail-common libgdl-1-common
12662   libgnomeprint2.2-data libgnomeprintui2.2-common libgnomevfs2-bin
12663   libgtksourceview-common libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa
12664   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libservlet2.4-java libxalan2-java
12665   libxerces2-java openoffice.org-writer2latex openssl-blacklist p7zip
12666   python-4suite-xml python-eggtrayicon python-gtkhtml2
12667   python-gtkmozembed svgalibg1 xserver-xephyr zip
12668 </p></blockquote>
12669
12670 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
12671
12672 <blockquote><p>
12673   bluez-utils dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop epiphany-gecko
12674   gnome-app-install gnome-mount gnome-vfs-obexftp gnome-volume-manager
12675   libao2 libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5 libbind9-50
12676   libbluetooth2 libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7 libcucul0 libcurl3
12677   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdvdread3 libedata-cal1.2-6 libedataserver1.2-9
12678   libeel2-2.20 libepc-1.0-1 libepc-ui-1.0-1 libexchange-storage1.2-3
12679   libfaad0 libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libggz2 libggzcore9
12680   libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0 libgnome-desktop-2
12681   libgnome-pilot2 libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomeprint2.2-0
12682   libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtkhtml2-0
12683   libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgucharmap6 libhesiod0 libicu38 libisccc50
12684   libisccfg50 libiw29 libkpathsea4 libltdl3 liblwres50 libmagick++10
12685   libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmtp7 libmysqlclient15off libnautilus-burn4
12686   libneon27 libnm-glib0 libnm-util0 libopal-2.2 libosp5
12687   libparted1.8-10 libpisock9 libpisync1 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3
12688   libpt-1.10.10 libraw1394-8 libsensors3 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8
12689   libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1
12690   libtotem-plparser10 libtrackerclient0 libvoikko1 libxalan2-java-gcj
12691   libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12 libxtrap6 libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3
12692   mysql-common swfdec-gnome totem-gstreamer wodim
12693 </p></blockquote>
12694
12695 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
12696
12697 <blockquote><p>
12698   gnome gnome-desktop-environment hamster-applet python-gnomeapplet
12699   python-gnomekeyring python-wnck rhythmbox-plugins xorg
12700   xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
12701   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
12702   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-video-all
12703   xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark xserver-xorg-video-ati
12704   xserver-xorg-video-chips xserver-xorg-video-cirrus
12705   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
12706   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
12707   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-mach64
12708   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
12709   xserver-xorg-video-nouveau xserver-xorg-video-nv
12710   xserver-xorg-video-r128 xserver-xorg-video-radeon
12711   xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd xserver-xorg-video-rendition
12712   xserver-xorg-video-s3 xserver-xorg-video-s3virge
12713   xserver-xorg-video-savage xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion
12714   xserver-xorg-video-sis xserver-xorg-video-sisusb
12715   xserver-xorg-video-tdfx xserver-xorg-video-tga
12716   xserver-xorg-video-trident xserver-xorg-video-tseng
12717   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vmware
12718   xserver-xorg-video-voodoo
12719 </p></blockquote>
12720
12721 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
12722
12723 <blockquote><p>
12724   deskbar-applet xserver-xorg xserver-xorg-core
12725   xserver-xorg-input-wacom xserver-xorg-video-intel
12726   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome
12727 </p></blockquote>
12728
12729 <p>I was told on IRC that the xorg-xserver package was
12730 <a href="http://git.debian.org/?p=pkg-xorg/xserver/xorg-server.git;a=commit;h=9c8080d06c457932d3bfec021c69ac000aa60120">changed
12731 in git</a> today to try to get apt-get to not remove xorg completely.
12732 No idea when it hits Squeeze, but when it does I hope it will reduce
12733 the difference somewhat.
12734
12735       </div>
12736       <div class="tags">
12737
12738
12739         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
12740
12741
12742       </div>
12743     </div>
12744     <div class="padding"></div>
12745
12746     <div class="entry">
12747       <div class="title">
12748         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Caching_password__user_and_group_on_a_roaming_Debian_laptop.html">Caching password, user and group on a roaming Debian laptop</a>
12749       </div>
12750       <div class="date">
12751          1st July 2010
12752       </div>
12753       <div class="body">
12754         <p>For a laptop, centralized user directories and password checking is
12755 a bit troubling.  Laptops are typically used also when not connected
12756 to the network, and it is vital for a user to be able to log in or
12757 unlock the screen saver also when a central server is unavailable.
12758 This is possible by caching passwords and directory information (user
12759 and group attributes) locally, and the packages to do so are available
12760 in Debian.  Here follow two recipes to set this up in Debian/Squeeze.
12761 It is also possible to set up in Debian/Lenny, but require more manual
12762 setup there because pam-auth-update is missing in Lenny.</p>
12763
12764 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + nscd + libpam-ccreds + libpam-mklocaluser/pam_mkhomedir</h2>
12765
12766 This is the traditional method with a twist.  The password caching is
12767 provided by libpam-ccreds (version 10-4 or later is needed on
12768 Squeeze), and the directory caching is done by nscd.  The directory
12769 lookup and password checking is done using LDAP.  If one want to use
12770 Kerberos for password checking the libpam-ldapd package can be
12771 replaced with libpam-krb5 or libpam-heimdal.  If one is happy having a
12772 local home directory with the path listed in LDAP, one can use the
12773 pam_mkhomedir module from pam-modules to make this happen instead of
12774 using libpam-mklocaluser.  A setup for pam-auth-update to enable
12775 pam_mkhomedir will have to be written until a fix for
12776 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/568577">bug #568577</a> is in the
12777 archive.  Because I believe it is a bad idea to have local home
12778 directories using misleading paths like /site/server/partition/, I
12779 prefer to create a local user with the home directory in /home/.  This
12780 is done using the libpam-mklocaluser package.</p>
12781
12782 <p>These packages need to be installed and configured</p>
12783
12784 <blockquote><pre>
12785 libnss-ldapd libpam-ldapd nscd libpam-ccreds libpam-mklocaluser
12786 </pre></blockquote>
12787
12788 <p>The ldapd packages will ask for LDAP connection information, and
12789 one have to fill in the values that fits ones own site.  Make sure the
12790 PAM part uses encrypted connections, to make sure the password is not
12791 sent in clear text to the LDAP server.  I've been unable to get TLS
12792 certificate checking for a self signed certificate working, which make
12793 LDAP authentication unsafe for Debian Edu (nslcd is not checking if it
12794 is talking to the correct LDAP server), and very much welcome feedback
12795 on how to get this working.</p>
12796
12797 <p>Because nscd do not have a default configuration fit for offline
12798 caching until <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/485282">bug #485282</a>
12799 is fixed, this configuration should be used instead of the one
12800 currently in /etc/nscd.conf.  The changes are in the fields
12801 reload-count and positive-time-to-live, and is based on the
12802 instructions I found in the
12803 <a href="http://www.flyn.org/laptopldap/">LDAP for Mobile Laptops</a>
12804 instructions by Flyn Computing.</p>
12805
12806 <blockquote><pre>
12807         debug-level             0
12808         reload-count            unlimited
12809         paranoia                no
12810
12811         enable-cache            passwd          yes
12812         positive-time-to-live   passwd          2592000
12813         negative-time-to-live   passwd          20
12814         suggested-size          passwd          211
12815         check-files             passwd          yes
12816         persistent              passwd          yes
12817         shared                  passwd          yes
12818         max-db-size             passwd          33554432
12819         auto-propagate          passwd          yes
12820
12821         enable-cache            group           yes
12822         positive-time-to-live   group           2592000
12823         negative-time-to-live   group           20
12824         suggested-size          group           211
12825         check-files             group           yes
12826         persistent              group           yes
12827         shared                  group           yes
12828         max-db-size             group           33554432
12829         auto-propagate          group           yes
12830
12831         enable-cache            hosts           no
12832         positive-time-to-live   hosts           2592000
12833         negative-time-to-live   hosts           20
12834         suggested-size          hosts           211
12835         check-files             hosts           yes
12836         persistent              hosts           yes
12837         shared                  hosts           yes
12838         max-db-size             hosts           33554432
12839
12840         enable-cache            services        yes
12841         positive-time-to-live   services        2592000
12842         negative-time-to-live   services        20
12843         suggested-size          services        211
12844         check-files             services        yes
12845         persistent              services        yes
12846         shared                  services        yes
12847         max-db-size             services        33554432
12848 </pre></blockquote>
12849
12850 <p>While we wait for a mechanism to update /etc/nsswitch.conf
12851 automatically like the one provided in
12852 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/496915">bug #496915</a>, the file
12853 content need to be manually replaced to ensure LDAP is used as the
12854 directory service on the machine.  /etc/nsswitch.conf should normally
12855 look like this:</p>
12856
12857 <blockquote><pre>
12858 passwd:         files ldap
12859 group:          files ldap
12860 shadow:         files ldap
12861 hosts:          files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns mdns4
12862 networks:       files
12863 protocols:      files
12864 services:       files
12865 ethers:         files
12866 rpc:            files
12867 netgroup:       files ldap
12868 </pre></blockquote>
12869
12870 <p>The important parts are that ldap is listed last for passwd, group,
12871 shadow and netgroup.</p>
12872
12873 <p>With these changes in place, any user in LDAP will be able to log
12874 in locally on the machine using for example kdm, get a local home
12875 directory created and have the password as well as user and group
12876 attributes cached.
12877
12878 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + nss-updatedb + libpam-ccreds +
12879   libpam-mklocaluser/pam_mkhomedir</h2>
12880
12881 <p>Because nscd have had its share of problems, and seem to have
12882 problems doing proper caching, I've seen suggestions and recipes to
12883 use nss-updatedb to copy parts of the LDAP database locally when the
12884 LDAP database is available.  I have not tested such setup, because I
12885 discovered sssd.</p>
12886
12887 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + sssd + libpam-mklocaluser</h2>
12888
12889 <p>A more flexible and robust setup than the nscd combination
12890 mentioned earlier that has shown up recently, is the
12891 <a href="https://fedorahosted.org/sssd/">sssd</a> package from Redhat.
12892 It is part of the <a href="http://www.freeipa.org/">FreeIPA</A> project
12893 to provide a Active Directory like directory service for Linux
12894 machines.  The sssd system combines the caching of passwords and user
12895 information into one package, and remove the need for nscd and
12896 libpam-ccreds.  It support LDAP and Kerberos, but not NIS.  Version
12897 1.2 do not support netgroups, but it is said that it will support this
12898 in version 1.5 expected to show up later in 2010.  Because the
12899 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/sssd.html">sssd package</a>
12900 was missing in Debian, I ended up co-maintaining it with Werner, and
12901 version 1.2 is now in testing.
12902
12903 <p>These packages need to be installed and configured to get the
12904 roaming setup I want</p>
12905
12906 <blockquote><pre>
12907 libpam-sss libnss-sss libpam-mklocaluser
12908 </pre></blockquote>
12909
12910 The complete setup of sssd is done by editing/creating
12911 <tt>/etc/sssd/sssd.conf</tt>.
12912
12913 <blockquote><pre>
12914 [sssd]
12915 config_file_version = 2
12916 reconnection_retries = 3
12917 sbus_timeout = 30
12918 services = nss, pam
12919 domains = INTERN
12920
12921 [nss]
12922 filter_groups = root
12923 filter_users = root
12924 reconnection_retries = 3
12925
12926 [pam]
12927 reconnection_retries = 3
12928
12929 [domain/INTERN]
12930 enumerate = false
12931 cache_credentials = true
12932
12933 id_provider = ldap
12934 auth_provider = ldap
12935 chpass_provider = ldap
12936
12937 ldap_uri = ldap://ldap
12938 ldap_search_base = dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12939 ldap_tls_reqcert = never
12940 ldap_tls_cacert = /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt
12941 </pre></blockquote>
12942
12943 <p>I got the same problem here with certificate checking.  Had to set
12944 "ldap_tls_reqcert = never" to get it working.</p>
12945
12946 <p>With the libnss-sss package in testing at the moment, the
12947 nsswitch.conf file is update automatically, so there is no need to
12948 modify it manually.</p>
12949
12950 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
12951 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12952
12953       </div>
12954       <div class="tags">
12955
12956
12957         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12958
12959
12960       </div>
12961     </div>
12962     <div class="padding"></div>
12963
12964     <div class="entry">
12965       <div class="title">
12966         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/LUMA__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">LUMA, a very nice LDAP GUI</a>
12967       </div>
12968       <div class="date">
12969         28th June 2010
12970       </div>
12971       <div class="body">
12972         <p>The last few days I have been looking into the status of the LDAP
12973 directory in Debian Edu, and in the process I started to miss a GUI
12974 tool to browse the LDAP tree.  The only one I was able to find in
12975 Debian/Squeeze and Lenny is
12976 <a href="http://luma.sourceforge.net/">LUMA</a>, which has proved to
12977 be a great tool to get a overview of the current LDAP directory
12978 populated by default in Skolelinux.  Thanks to it, I have been able to
12979 find empty and obsolete subtrees, misplaced objects and duplicate
12980 objects.  It will be installed by default in Debian/Squeeze.  If you
12981 are working with LDAP, give it a go. :)</p>
12982
12983 <p>I did notice one problem with it I have not had time to report to
12984 the BTS yet.  There is no .desktop file in the package, so the tool do
12985 not show up in the Gnome and KDE menus, but only deep down in in the
12986 Debian submenu in KDE.  I hope that can be fixed before Squeeze is
12987 released.</p>
12988
12989 <p>I have not yet been able to get it to modify the tree yet.  I would
12990 like to move objects and remove subtrees directly in the GUI, but have
12991 not found a way to do that with LUMA yet.  So in the mean time, I use
12992 <a href="http://www.lichteblau.com/ldapvi/">ldapvi</a> for that.</p>
12993
12994 <p>If you have tips on other GUI tools for LDAP that might be useful
12995 in Debian Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12996
12997 <p>Update 2010-06-29: Ross Reedstrom tipped us about the
12998 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/g/gq.html">gq</a> package as a
12999 useful GUI alternative.  It seem like a good tool, but is unmaintained
13000 in Debian and got a RC bug keeping it out of Squeeze.  Unless that
13001 changes, it will not be an option for Debian Edu based on Squeeze.</p>
13002
13003       </div>
13004       <div class="tags">
13005
13006
13007         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13008
13009
13010       </div>
13011     </div>
13012     <div class="padding"></div>
13013
13014     <div class="entry">
13015       <div class="title">
13016         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_a_change_to_LDAP_schemas_allowing_DNS_and_DHCP_info_to_be_combined_into_one_object.html">Idea for a change to LDAP schemas allowing DNS and DHCP info to be combined into one object</a>
13017       </div>
13018       <div class="date">
13019         24th June 2010
13020       </div>
13021       <div class="body">
13022         <p>A while back, I
13023 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">complained
13024 about the fact</a> that it is not possible with the provided schemas
13025 for storing DNS and DHCP information in LDAP to combine the two sets
13026 of information into one LDAP object representing a computer.</p>
13027
13028 <p>In the mean time, I discovered that a simple fix would be to make
13029 the dhcpHost object class auxiliary, to allow it to be combined with
13030 the dNSDomain object class, and thus forming one object for one
13031 computer when storing both DHCP and DNS information in LDAP.</p>
13032
13033 <p>If I understand this correctly, it is not safe to do this change
13034 without also changing the assigned number for the object class, and I
13035 do not know enough about LDAP schema design to do that properly for
13036 Debian Edu.</p>
13037
13038 <p>Anyway, for future reference, this is how I believe we could change
13039 the
13040 <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-dhc-ldap-schema-00">DHCP
13041 schema</a> to solve at least part of the problem with the LDAP schemas
13042 available today from IETF.</p>
13043
13044 <pre>
13045 --- dhcp.schema    (revision 65192)
13046 +++ dhcp.schema    (working copy)
13047 @@ -376,7 +376,7 @@
13048  objectclass ( 2.16.840.1.113719.1.203.6.6
13049         NAME 'dhcpHost'
13050         DESC 'This represents information about a particular client'
13051 -       SUP top
13052 +       SUP top AUXILIARY
13053         MUST cn
13054         MAY  (dhcpLeaseDN $ dhcpHWAddress $ dhcpOptionsDN $ dhcpStatements $ dhcpComments $ dhcpOption)
13055         X-NDS_CONTAINMENT ('dhcpService' 'dhcpSubnet' 'dhcpGroup') )
13056 </pre>
13057
13058 <p>I very much welcome clues on how to do this properly for Debian
13059 Edu/Squeeze.  We provide the DHCP schema in our debian-edu-config
13060 package, and should thus be free to rewrite it as we see fit.</p>
13061
13062 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
13063 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
13064
13065       </div>
13066       <div class="tags">
13067
13068
13069         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13070
13071
13072       </div>
13073     </div>
13074     <div class="padding"></div>
13075
13076     <div class="entry">
13077       <div class="title">
13078         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__removals_by_apt_and_aptitude.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, removals by apt and aptitude</a>
13079       </div>
13080       <div class="date">
13081         13th June 2010
13082       </div>
13083       <div class="body">
13084         <p>My
13085 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_upgrade_testing_from_Lenny_to_Squeeze.html">testing
13086 of Debian upgrades</a> from Lenny to Squeeze continues, and I've
13087 finally made the upgrade logs available from
13088 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/debian-upgrade-testing/</a>.
13089 I am now testing dist-upgrade of Gnome and KDE in a chroot using both
13090 apt and aptitude, and found their differences interesting.  This time
13091 I will only focus on their removal plans.</p>
13092
13093 <p>After installing a Gnome desktop and the laptop task, apt-get wants
13094 to remove 72 packages when dist-upgrading from Lenny to Squeeze.  The
13095 surprising part is that it want to remove xorg and all
13096 xserver-xorg-video* drivers.  Clearly not a good choice, but I am not
13097 sure why.  When asking aptitude to do the same, it want to remove 129
13098 packages, but most of them are library packages I suspect are no
13099 longer needed.  Both of them want to remove bluetooth packages, which
13100 I do not know.  Perhaps these bluetooth packages are obsolete?</p>
13101
13102 <p>For KDE, apt-get want to remove 82 packages, among them kdebase
13103 which seem like a bad idea and xorg the same way as with Gnome. Asking
13104 aptitude for the same, it wants to remove 192 packages, none which are
13105 too surprising.</p>
13106
13107 <p>I guess the removal of xorg during upgrades should be investigated
13108 and avoided, and perhaps others as well.  Here are the complete list
13109 of planned removals.  The complete logs is available from the URL
13110 above.  Note if you want to repeat these tests, that the upgrade test
13111 for kde+apt-get hung in the tasksel setup because of dpkg asking
13112 conffile questions.  No idea why.  I worked around it by using
13113 '<tt>echo >> /proc/<em>pidofdpkg</em>/fd/0</tt>' to tell dpkg to
13114 continue.</p>
13115
13116 <p><b>apt-get gnome 72</b>
13117 <br>bluez-gnome cupsddk-drivers deskbar-applet gnome
13118   gnome-desktop-environment gnome-network-admin gtkhtml3.14
13119   iceweasel-gnome-support libavcodec51 libdatrie0 libgdl-1-0
13120   libgnomekbd2 libgnomekbdui2 libmetacity0 libslab0 libxcb-xlib0
13121   nautilus-cd-burner python-gnome2-desktop python-gnome2-extras
13122   serpentine swfdec-mozilla update-manager xorg xserver-xorg
13123   xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
13124   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
13125   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-input-wacom
13126   xserver-xorg-video-all xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark
13127   xserver-xorg-video-ati xserver-xorg-video-chips
13128   xserver-xorg-video-cirrus xserver-xorg-video-cyrix
13129   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
13130   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
13131   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-imstt
13132   xserver-xorg-video-intel xserver-xorg-video-mach64
13133   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
13134   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-nv
13135   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome xserver-xorg-video-r128
13136   xserver-xorg-video-radeon xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd
13137   xserver-xorg-video-rendition xserver-xorg-video-s3
13138   xserver-xorg-video-s3virge xserver-xorg-video-savage
13139   xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion xserver-xorg-video-sis
13140   xserver-xorg-video-sisusb xserver-xorg-video-tdfx
13141   xserver-xorg-video-tga xserver-xorg-video-trident
13142   xserver-xorg-video-tseng xserver-xorg-video-v4l
13143   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vga
13144   xserver-xorg-video-vmware xserver-xorg-video-voodoo xulrunner-1.9
13145   xulrunner-1.9-gnome-support</p>
13146
13147 <p><b>aptitude gnome 129</b>
13148
13149 <br>bluez-gnome bluez-utils cpp-4.3 cupsddk-drivers dhcdbd
13150   djvulibre-desktop finger gnome-app-install gnome-mount
13151   gnome-network-admin gnome-spell gnome-vfs-obexftp
13152   gnome-volume-manager gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs gtkhtml3.14 libao2
13153   libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5 libavcodec51 libbluetooth2
13154   libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7 libcucul0 libcupsys2 libcurl3 libdatrie0
13155   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdvdread3 libedataserver1.2-9 libeel2-2.20
13156   libeel2-data libepc-1.0-1 libepc-ui-1.0-1 libfaad0 libgail-common
13157   libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libgdl-1-0 libgdl-1-common
13158   libggz2 libggzcore9 libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0
13159   libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomekbd2 libgnomekbdui2 libgnomeprint2.2-0
13160   libgnomeprint2.2-data libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgnomeprintui2.2-common
13161   libgnomevfs2-bin libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtkhtml2-0
13162   libgtksourceview-common libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgucharmap6
13163   libhesiod0 libicu38 libiw29 libkpathsea4 libltdl3 libmagick++10
13164   libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmetacity0 libmtp7 libmysqlclient15off
13165   libnautilus-burn4 libneon27 libnm-glib0 libnm-util0 libopal-2.2
13166   libosp5 libparted1.8-10 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3 libpt-1.10.10
13167   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libraw1394-8
13168   libsensors3 libslab0 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8 libssh2-1
13169   libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1 libtotem-plparser10
13170   libtrackerclient0 libxalan2-java libxalan2-java-gcj libxcb-xlib0
13171   libxerces2-java libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12 libxtrap6
13172   libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3 mysql-common nautilus-cd-burner
13173   openoffice.org-writer2latex openssl-blacklist p7zip
13174   python-4suite-xml python-eggtrayicon python-gnome2-desktop
13175   python-gnome2-extras python-gtkhtml2 python-gtkmozembed
13176   python-numeric python-sexy serpentine svgalibg1 swfdec-gnome
13177   swfdec-mozilla totem-gstreamer update-manager wodim
13178   xserver-xorg-video-cyrix xserver-xorg-video-imstt
13179   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-v4l xserver-xorg-video-vga
13180   zip</p>
13181
13182 <p><b>apt-get kde 82</b>
13183
13184 <br>cupsddk-drivers karm kaudiocreator kcoloredit kcontrol kde kde-core
13185   kdeaddons kdeartwork kdebase kdebase-bin kdebase-bin-kde3
13186   kdebase-kio-plugins kdesktop kdeutils khelpcenter kicker
13187   kicker-applets knewsticker kolourpaint konq-plugins konqueror korn
13188   kpersonalizer kscreensaver ksplash libavcodec51 libdatrie0 libkiten1
13189   libxcb-xlib0 quanta superkaramba texlive-base-bin xorg xserver-xorg
13190   xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
13191   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
13192   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-input-wacom
13193   xserver-xorg-video-all xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark
13194   xserver-xorg-video-ati xserver-xorg-video-chips
13195   xserver-xorg-video-cirrus xserver-xorg-video-cyrix
13196   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
13197   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
13198   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-imstt
13199   xserver-xorg-video-intel xserver-xorg-video-mach64
13200   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
13201   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-nv
13202   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome xserver-xorg-video-r128
13203   xserver-xorg-video-radeon xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd
13204   xserver-xorg-video-rendition xserver-xorg-video-s3
13205   xserver-xorg-video-s3virge xserver-xorg-video-savage
13206   xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion xserver-xorg-video-sis
13207   xserver-xorg-video-sisusb xserver-xorg-video-tdfx
13208   xserver-xorg-video-tga xserver-xorg-video-trident
13209   xserver-xorg-video-tseng xserver-xorg-video-v4l
13210   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vga
13211   xserver-xorg-video-vmware xserver-xorg-video-voodoo xulrunner-1.9</p>
13212
13213 <p><b>aptitude kde 192</b>
13214 <br>bluez-utils cpp-4.3 cupsddk-drivers cvs dcoprss dhcdbd
13215   djvulibre-desktop dosfstools eyesapplet fifteenapplet finger gettext
13216   ghostscript-x imlib-base imlib11 indi kandy karm kasteroids
13217   kaudiocreator kbackgammon kbstate kcoloredit kcontrol kcron kdat
13218   kdeadmin-kfile-plugins kdeartwork-misc kdeartwork-theme-window
13219   kdebase-bin-kde3 kdebase-kio-plugins kdeedu-data
13220   kdegraphics-kfile-plugins kdelirc kdemultimedia-kappfinder-data
13221   kdemultimedia-kfile-plugins kdenetwork-kfile-plugins
13222   kdepim-kfile-plugins kdepim-kio-plugins kdeprint kdesktop kdessh
13223   kdict kdnssd kdvi kedit keduca kenolaba kfax kfaxview kfouleggs
13224   kghostview khelpcenter khexedit kiconedit kitchensync klatin
13225   klickety kmailcvt kmenuedit kmid kmilo kmoon kmrml kodo kolourpaint
13226   kooka korn kpager kpdf kpercentage kpf kpilot kpoker kpovmodeler
13227   krec kregexpeditor ksayit ksim ksirc ksirtet ksmiletris ksmserver
13228   ksnake ksokoban ksplash ksvg ksysv ktip ktnef kuickshow kverbos
13229   kview kviewshell kvoctrain kwifimanager kwin kwin4 kworldclock
13230   kxsldbg libakode2 libao2 libarts1-akode libarts1-audiofile
13231   libarts1-mpeglib libarts1-xine libavahi-compat-libdnssd1
13232   libavahi-core5 libavc1394-0 libavcodec51 libbluetooth2
13233   libboost-python1.34.1 libcucul0 libcurl3 libcvsservice0 libdatrie0
13234   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdjvulibre21 libdvdread3 libfaad0 libfreebob0
13235   libgail-common libgd2-noxpm libgraphviz4 libgsmme1c2a libgtkhtml2-0
13236   libicu38 libiec61883-0 libindex0 libiw29 libk3b3 libkcal2b libkcddb1
13237   libkdeedu3 libkdepim1a libkgantt0 libkiten1 libkleopatra1 libkmime2
13238   libkpathsea4 libkpimexchange1 libkpimidentities1 libkscan1
13239   libksieve0 libktnef1 liblockdev1 libltdl3 libmagick10 libmimelib1c2a
13240   libmozjs1d libmpcdec3 libneon27 libnm-util0 libopensync0 libpisock9
13241   libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler-qt2 libpoppler3 libraw1394-8 libsmbios2
13242   libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libtalloc1 libtiff-tools
13243   libxalan2-java libxalan2-java-gcj libxcb-xlib0 libxerces2-java
13244   libxerces2-java-gcj libxtrap6 mpeglib networkstatus
13245   openoffice.org-writer2latex pmount poster psutils quanta quanta-data
13246   superkaramba svgalibg1 tex-common texlive-base texlive-base-bin
13247   texlive-common texlive-doc-base texlive-fonts-recommended
13248   xserver-xorg-video-cyrix xserver-xorg-video-imstt
13249   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-v4l xserver-xorg-video-vga
13250   xulrunner-1.9</p>
13251
13252
13253       </div>
13254       <div class="tags">
13255
13256
13257         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13258
13259
13260       </div>
13261     </div>
13262     <div class="padding"></div>
13263
13264     <div class="entry">
13265       <div class="title">
13266         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_upgrade_testing_from_Lenny_to_Squeeze.html">Automatic upgrade testing from Lenny to Squeeze</a>
13267       </div>
13268       <div class="date">
13269         11th June 2010
13270       </div>
13271       <div class="body">
13272         <p>The last few days I have done some upgrade testing in Debian, to
13273 see if the upgrade from Lenny to Squeeze will go smoothly.  A few bugs
13274 have been discovered and reported in the process
13275 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/585410">#585410</a> in nagios3-cgi,
13276 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584879">#584879</a> already fixed in
13277 enscript and <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584861">#584861</a> in
13278 kdebase-workspace-data), and to get a more regular testing going on, I
13279 am working on a script to automate the test.</p>
13280
13281 <p>The idea is to create a Lenny chroot and use tasksel to install a
13282 Gnome or KDE desktop installation inside the chroot before upgrading
13283 it.  To ensure no services are started in the chroot, a policy-rc.d
13284 script is inserted.  To make sure tasksel believe it is to install a
13285 desktop on a laptop, the tasksel tests are replaced in the chroot
13286 (only acceptable because this is a throw-away chroot).</p>
13287
13288 <p>A naive upgrade from Lenny to Squeeze using aptitude dist-upgrade
13289 currently always fail because udev refuses to upgrade with the kernel
13290 in Lenny, so to avoid that problem the file /etc/udev/kernel-upgrade
13291 is created.  The bug report
13292 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/566000">#566000</a> make me suspect
13293 this problem do not trigger in a chroot, but I touch the file anyway
13294 to make sure the upgrade go well.  Testing on virtual and real
13295 hardware have failed me because of udev so far, and creating this file
13296 do the trick in such settings anyway.  This is a
13297 <a href="http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/debian-26/failed-dist-upgrade-due-to-udev-config_sysfs_deprecated-nonsense-804130/">known
13298 issue</a> and the current udev behaviour is intended by the udev
13299 maintainer because he lack the resources to rewrite udev to keep
13300 working with old kernels or something like that.  I really wish the
13301 udev upstream would keep udev backwards compatible, to avoid such
13302 upgrade problem, but given that they fail to do so, I guess
13303 documenting the way out of this mess is the best option we got for
13304 Debian Squeeze.</p>
13305
13306 <p>Anyway, back to the task at hand, testing upgrades.  This test
13307 script, which I call <tt>upgrade-test</tt> for now, is doing the
13308 trick:</p>
13309
13310 <blockquote><pre>
13311 #!/bin/sh
13312 set -ex
13313
13314 if [ "$1" ] ; then
13315     desktop=$1
13316 else
13317     desktop=gnome
13318 fi
13319
13320 from=lenny
13321 to=squeeze
13322
13323 exec &lt; /dev/null
13324 unset LANG
13325 mirror=http://ftp.skolelinux.org/debian
13326 tmpdir=chroot-$from-upgrade-$to-$desktop
13327 fuser -mv .
13328 debootstrap $from $tmpdir $mirror
13329 chroot $tmpdir aptitude update
13330 cat > $tmpdir/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d &lt;&lt;EOF
13331 #!/bin/sh
13332 exit 101
13333 EOF
13334 chmod a+rx $tmpdir/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d
13335 exit_cleanup() {
13336     umount $tmpdir/proc
13337 }
13338 mount -t proc proc $tmpdir/proc
13339 # Make sure proc is unmounted also on failure
13340 trap exit_cleanup EXIT INT
13341
13342 chroot $tmpdir aptitude -y install debconf-utils
13343
13344 # Make sure tasksel autoselection trigger.  It need the test scripts
13345 # to return the correct answers.
13346 echo tasksel tasksel/desktop multiselect $desktop | \
13347     chroot $tmpdir debconf-set-selections
13348
13349 # Include the desktop and laptop task
13350 for test in desktop laptop ; do
13351     echo > $tmpdir/usr/lib/tasksel/tests/$test &lt;&lt;EOF
13352 #!/bin/sh
13353 exit 2
13354 EOF
13355     chmod a+rx $tmpdir/usr/lib/tasksel/tests/$test
13356 done
13357
13358 DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
13359 DEBIAN_PRIORITY=critical
13360 export DEBIAN_FRONTEND DEBIAN_PRIORITY
13361 chroot $tmpdir tasksel --new-install
13362
13363 echo deb $mirror $to main > $tmpdir/etc/apt/sources.list
13364 chroot $tmpdir aptitude update
13365 touch $tmpdir/etc/udev/kernel-upgrade
13366 chroot $tmpdir aptitude -y dist-upgrade
13367 fuser -mv
13368 </pre></blockquote>
13369
13370 <p>I suspect it would be useful to test upgrades with both apt-get and
13371 with aptitude, but I have not had time to look at how they behave
13372 differently so far.  I hope to get a cron job running to do the test
13373 regularly and post the result on the web.  The Gnome upgrade currently
13374 work, while the KDE upgrade fail because of the bug in
13375 kdebase-workspace-data</p>
13376
13377 <p>I am not quite sure what kind of extract from the huge upgrade logs
13378 (KDE 167 KiB, Gnome 516 KiB) it make sense to include in this blog
13379 post, so I will refrain from trying.  I can report that for Gnome,
13380 aptitude report 760 packages upgraded, 448 newly installed, 129 to
13381 remove and 1 not upgraded and 1024MB need to be downloaded while for
13382 KDE the same numbers are 702 packages upgraded, 507 newly installed,
13383 193 to remove and 0 not upgraded and 1117MB need to be downloaded</p>
13384
13385 <p>I am very happy to notice that the Gnome desktop + laptop upgrade
13386 is able to migrate to dependency based boot sequencing and parallel
13387 booting without a hitch.  Was unsure if there were still bugs with
13388 packages failing to clean up their obsolete init.d script during
13389 upgrades, and no such problem seem to affect the Gnome desktop+laptop
13390 packages.</p>
13391
13392       </div>
13393       <div class="tags">
13394
13395
13396         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13397
13398
13399       </div>
13400     </div>
13401     <div class="padding"></div>
13402
13403     <div class="entry">
13404       <div class="title">
13405         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_er_laget_for_sentraldrifting__naturligvis.html">Skolelinux er laget for sentraldrifting, naturligvis</a>
13406       </div>
13407       <div class="date">
13408          9th June 2010
13409       </div>
13410       <div class="body">
13411         <p>Det er merkelig hvordan myter om Skolelinux overlever.  En slik
13412 myte er at Skolelinux ikke kan sentraldriftes og ha sentralt plasserte
13413 tjenermaskiner.  I siste Computerworld Norge er
13414 <a href="http://www.idg.no/computerworld/article169432.ece">IT-sjef
13415 Viggo Billdal i Steinkjer intervjuet</a>, og forteller uten
13416 blygsel:</p>
13417
13418 <blockquote><p>Vi hadde Skolelinux, men det har vi sluttet med. Vi testet
13419 om det lønte seg med Microsoft eller en åpen plattform. Vi fant ut at
13420 Microsoft egentlig var totalt sett bedre egnet. Det var store
13421 driftskostnader med Skolelinux, blant annet på grunn av
13422 desentraliserte servere. Det var komplisert, så vi gikk vekk fra det
13423 og bruker nå bare Windows.</p></blockquote>
13424
13425 <p>En <a
13426 href="https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/bruker/2010-June/009101.html">rask
13427 sjekk</a> mot den norske brukerlista i Skolelinuxprosjektet forteller
13428 at Steinkjers forsøk foregikk fram til 2004/2005, og at Røysing skole
13429 i Steinkjer skal ha vært svært fornøyd med Skolelinux men at kommunen
13430 overkjørte skolen og krevde at de gikk over til Windows.  Et søk på
13431 nettet sendte meg til
13432 <a href="http://www.dn.no/multimedia/archive/00090/Dagens_it_nr__18_90826a.pdf">Dagens
13433 IT nr. 18 2005</a> hvor en kan lese på side 18:</p>
13434
13435 <blockquote><p>Inge Tømmerås ved Røysing skole i Steinkjer kjører ennå
13436 Microsoft, men forteller at kompetanseutfordringen med Skolelinux ikke
13437 var så stor.   Jeg syntes Skolelinux var utrolig lett å drifte uten
13438 forkunnskaper. Men man må jo selvsagt ha tilgang på ekstern kompetanse
13439 til installasjoner og maskinvarefeil, sier Tømmerås.</p></blockquote>
13440
13441 <p>Som systemarkitekten bak Skolelinux, kan jeg bare riste på hodet
13442 over påstanden om at Skolelinux krever desentraliserte tjenere.
13443 Skolelinux-arkitekturen er laget for sentralisert drift og plassering
13444 av tjenerne lokalt eller sentralt alt etter behov og nettkapasitet.
13445 Den er modellert på nettverks- og tjenerløsningen som brukes på
13446 Universitetet i Tromsø og Oslo, der jeg jobber med utvikling av
13447 driftstjenester.  Dette er det heldigvis noen som har fått med seg, og
13448 jeg er glad for å kunne sitere fra en kommentar på den overnevnte
13449 artikkelen.  Min venn og gamle kollega Sturle Sunde forteller der:
13450
13451 <blockquote>
13452 <p>I Flora kommune køyrer vi Skulelinux på skular med alt frå 15 til
13453 meir enn 500 elevar. Dei store skulane har eigen tenar, for det er
13454 mest praktisk. Eg, som er driftsansvarleg for heile nettet, ser
13455 sjeldan dei tenarane fysisk, men at dei står der gjer skulane mindre
13456 avhengige av eksterne linjer som er trege eller dyre. Dei minste
13457 skulane har ikkje eigen tenar. Å bruke sentral tenar er heller ikkje
13458 noko problem. Småskulane klarar seg fint med 1 mbit-linje til ein
13459 sentral tenar eller tenaren på ein større skule.</p>
13460
13461 <p>Det beste med Skulelinux er halvtjukke klientar. Dei treng ikkje
13462 harddisk og brukar minimalt med ressursar på tenaren fordi dei køyrer
13463 programma lokalt. Eit klasserom med 30 sju-åtte år gamle maskiner har
13464 mykje meir CPU og RAM totalt enn nokon moderne tenar til under
13465 millionen. Det trengst to kommandoar på den sentrale tenaren for å
13466 oppdatere alle klientane, både tynne og halvtjukke. Vi har ingen
13467 problem med diskar som ryk heller, som var eit problem før fordi
13468 elevane sat og sparka i maskinene. Og dei krev lite bandbreidde i
13469 nettet, so det er fullt mogleg å køyre slike på småskular med trege
13470 linjer mot tenaren på ein større skule.</p>
13471
13472 <p>Flora kommune har nesten 800 Linux-maskiner i sitt skulenett, og
13473 ein person som tek seg av drift av heile nettet, inkludert tenarar,
13474 klientar, operativsystem, programvare, heimekontorløysing og
13475 administrasjon av brukarar.</p>
13476
13477 <p>No skal det seiast at vi ikkje køyrer rein Skulelinux ut av
13478 boksen. Vi har gjort ein del tilpassingar mot noko Novell-greier som
13479 var der frå før, og som har komplisert installasjonen vår. Etter at
13480 oppsettet var gjort har løysinga vore stabil og kravd minimalt med
13481 arbeid.</p>
13482 </blockquote>
13483
13484 <p>Jeg vet at Narvik, Harstad og Oslo er kommuner der Skolelinux
13485 sentraldriftes med sentrale tjenere.  Det forteller meg at Steinkjers
13486 IT-sjef neppe bør skylde på Skolelinux-løsningen for sine 5 år gamle
13487 minner.</p>
13488
13489       </div>
13490       <div class="tags">
13491
13492
13493         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13494
13495
13496       </div>
13497     </div>
13498     <div class="padding"></div>
13499
13500     <div class="entry">
13501       <div class="title">
13502         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_manual_for_standards_wars___.html">A manual for standards wars...</a>
13503       </div>
13504       <div class="date">
13505          6th June 2010
13506       </div>
13507       <div class="body">
13508         <p>Via the
13509 <a href="http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/robweir/antic-atom/~3/QzU4RgoAGMg/weekly-links-10.html">blog
13510 of Rob Weir</a> I came across the very interesting essay named
13511 <a href="http://faculty.haas.berkeley.edu/shapiro/wars.pdf">The Art of
13512 Standards Wars</a> (PDF 25 pages).  I recommend it for everyone
13513 following the standards wars of today.</p>
13514
13515       </div>
13516       <div class="tags">
13517
13518
13519         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard</a>.
13520
13521
13522       </div>
13523     </div>
13524     <div class="padding"></div>
13525
13526     <div class="entry">
13527       <div class="title">
13528         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Sitesummary_tip__Listing_computer_hardware_models_used_at_site.html">Sitesummary tip: Listing computer hardware models used at site</a>
13529       </div>
13530       <div class="date">
13531          3rd June 2010
13532       </div>
13533       <div class="body">
13534         <p>When using sitesummary at a site to track machines, it is possible
13535 to get a list of the machine types in use thanks to the DMI
13536 information extracted from each machine.  The script to do so is
13537 included in the sitesummary package, and here is example output from
13538 the Skolelinux build servers:</p>
13539
13540 <blockquote><pre>
13541 maintainer:~# /usr/lib/sitesummary/hardware-model-summary
13542   vendor                    count
13543   Dell Computer Corporation     1
13544     PowerEdge 1750              1
13545   IBM                           1
13546     eserver xSeries 345 -[8670M1X]-     1
13547   Intel                         2
13548   [no-dmi-info]                 3
13549 maintainer:~#
13550 </pre></blockquote>
13551
13552 <p>The quality of the report depend on the quality of the DMI tables
13553 provided in each machine.  Here there are Intel machines without model
13554 information listed with Intel as vendor and no model, and virtual Xen
13555 machines listed as [no-dmi-info].  One can add -l as a command line
13556 option to list the individual machines.</p>
13557
13558 <p>A larger list is
13559 <a href="http://narvikskolen.no/sitesummary/">available from the the
13560 city of Narvik</a>, which uses Skolelinux on all their shools and also
13561 provide the basic sitesummary report publicly.  In their report there
13562 are ~1400 machines. I know they use both Ubuntu and Skolelinux on
13563 their machines, and as sitesummary is available in both distributions,
13564 it is trivial to get all of them to report to the same central
13565 collector.</p>
13566
13567       </div>
13568       <div class="tags">
13569
13570
13571         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
13572
13573
13574       </div>
13575     </div>
13576     <div class="padding"></div>
13577
13578     <div class="entry">
13579       <div class="title">
13580         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/KDM_fail_at_boot_with_NVidia_cards___and_no_one_try_to_fix_it_.html">KDM fail at boot with NVidia cards - and no one try to fix it?</a>
13581       </div>
13582       <div class="date">
13583          1st June 2010
13584       </div>
13585       <div class="body">
13586         <p>It is strange to watch how a bug in Debian causing KDM to fail to
13587 start at boot when an NVidia video card is used is handled.  The
13588 problem seem to be that the nvidia X.org driver uses a long time to
13589 initialize, and this duration is longer than kdm is configured to
13590 wait.</p>
13591
13592 <p>I came across two bugs related to this issue,
13593 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/583312">#583312</a> initially filed
13594 against initscripts and passed on to nvidia-glx when it became obvious
13595 that the nvidia drivers were involved, and
13596 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/524751">#524751</a> initially filed against
13597 kdm and passed on to src:nvidia-graphics-drivers for unknown reasons.</p>
13598
13599 <p>To me, it seem that no-one is interested in actually solving the
13600 problem nvidia video card owners experience and make sure the Debian
13601 distribution work out of the box for these users.  The nvidia driver
13602 maintainers expect kdm to be set up to wait longer, while kdm expect
13603 the nvidia driver maintainers to fix the driver to start faster, and
13604 while they wait for each other I guess the users end up switching to a
13605 distribution that work for them.  I have no idea what the solution is,
13606 but I am pretty sure that waiting for each other is not it.</p>
13607
13608 <p>I wonder why we end up handling bugs this way.</p>
13609
13610       </div>
13611       <div class="tags">
13612
13613
13614         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13615
13616
13617       </div>
13618     </div>
13619     <div class="padding"></div>
13620
13621     <div class="entry">
13622       <div class="title">
13623         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Parallellized_boot_seem_to_hold_up_well_in_Debian_testing.html">Parallellized boot seem to hold up well in Debian/testing</a>
13624       </div>
13625       <div class="date">
13626         27th May 2010
13627       </div>
13628       <div class="body">
13629         <p>A few days ago, parallel booting was enabled in Debian/testing.
13630 The feature seem to hold up pretty well, but three fairly serious
13631 issues are known and should be solved:
13632
13633 <p><ul>
13634
13635 <li>The wicd package seen to
13636 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/508289">break NFS mounting</a> and
13637 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/581586">network setup</a> when
13638 parallel booting is enabled.  No idea why, but the wicd maintainer
13639 seem to be on the case.</li>
13640
13641 <li>The nvidia X driver seem to
13642 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/583312">have a race condition</a>
13643 triggered more easily when parallel booting is in effect.  The
13644 maintainer is on the case.</li>
13645
13646 <li>The sysv-rc package fail to properly enable dependency based boot
13647 sequencing (the shutdown is broken) when old file-rc users
13648 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/575080">try to switch back</a> to
13649 sysv-rc.  One way to solve it would be for file-rc to create
13650 /etc/init.d/.legacy-bootordering, and another is to try to make
13651 sysv-rc more robust.  Will investigate some more and probably upload a
13652 workaround in sysv-rc to help those trying to move from file-rc to
13653 sysv-rc get a working shutdown.</li>
13654
13655 </ul></p>
13656
13657 <p>All in all not many surprising issues, and all of them seem
13658 solvable before Squeeze is released.  In addition to these there are
13659 some packages with bugs in their dependencies and run level settings,
13660 which I expect will be fixed in a reasonable time span.</p>
13661
13662 <p>If you report any problems with dependencies in init.d scripts to
13663 the BTS, please usertag the report to get it to show up at
13664 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/pkgreport.cgi?users=initscripts-ng-devel@lists.alioth.debian.org">the
13665 list of usertagged bugs related to this</a>.</p>
13666
13667 <p>Update: Correct bug number to file-rc issue.</p>
13668
13669       </div>
13670       <div class="tags">
13671
13672
13673         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13674
13675
13676       </div>
13677     </div>
13678     <div class="padding"></div>
13679
13680     <div class="entry">
13681       <div class="title">
13682         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/More_flexible_firmware_handling_in_debian_installer.html">More flexible firmware handling in debian-installer</a>
13683       </div>
13684       <div class="date">
13685         22nd May 2010
13686       </div>
13687       <div class="body">
13688         <p>After a long break from debian-installer development, I finally
13689 found time today to return to the project.  Having to spend less time
13690 working dependency based boot in debian, as it is almost complete now,
13691 definitely helped freeing some time.</p>
13692
13693 <p>A while back, I ran into a problem while working on Debian Edu.  We
13694 include some firmware packages on the Debian Edu CDs, those needed to
13695 get disk and network controllers working.  Without having these
13696 firmware packages available during installation, it is impossible to
13697 install Debian Edu on the given machine, and because our target group
13698 are non-technical people, asking them to provide firmware packages on
13699 an external medium is a support pain.  Initially, I expected it to be
13700 enough to include the firmware packages on the CD to get
13701 debian-installer to find and use them.  This proved to be wrong.
13702 Next, I hoped it was enough to symlink the relevant firmware packages
13703 to some useful location on the CD (tried /cdrom/ and
13704 /cdrom/firmware/).  This also proved to not work, and at this point I
13705 found time to look at the debian-installer code to figure out what was
13706 going to work.</p>
13707
13708 <p>The firmware loading code is in the hw-detect package, and a closer
13709 look revealed that it would only look for firmware packages outside
13710 the installation media, so the CD was never checked for firmware
13711 packages.  It would only check USB sticks, floppies and other
13712 "external" media devices.  Today I changed it to also look in the
13713 /cdrom/firmware/ directory on the mounted CD or DVD, which should
13714 solve the problem I ran into with Debian edu.  I also changed it to
13715 look in /firmware/, to make sure the installer also find firmware
13716 provided in the initrd when booting the installer via PXE, to allow us
13717 to provide the same feature in the PXE setup included in Debian
13718 Edu.</p>
13719
13720 <p>To make sure firmware deb packages with a license questions are not
13721 activated without asking if the license is accepted, I extended
13722 hw-detect to look for preinst scripts in the firmware packages, and
13723 run these before activating the firmware during installation.  The
13724 license question is asked using debconf in the preinst, so this should
13725 solve the issue for the firmware packages I have looked at so far.</p>
13726
13727 <p>If you want to discuss the details of these features, please
13728 contact us on debian-boot@lists.debian.org.</p>
13729
13730       </div>
13731       <div class="tags">
13732
13733
13734         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13735
13736
13737       </div>
13738     </div>
13739     <div class="padding"></div>
13740
13741     <div class="entry">
13742       <div class="title">
13743         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Pieces_of_the_roaming_laptop_puzzle_in_Debian.html">Pieces of the roaming laptop puzzle in Debian</a>
13744       </div>
13745       <div class="date">
13746         19th May 2010
13747       </div>
13748       <div class="body">
13749         <p>Today, the last piece of the puzzle for roaming laptops in Debian
13750 Edu finally entered the Debian archive.  Today, the new
13751 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/libp/libpam-mklocaluser.html">libpam-mklocaluser</a>
13752 package was accepted.  Two days ago, two other pieces was accepted
13753 into unstable.  The
13754 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/p/pam-python.html">pam-python</a>
13755 package needed by libpam-mklocaluser, and the
13756 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/sssd.html">sssd</a> package
13757 passed NEW on Monday.  In addition, the
13758 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/libp/libpam-ccreds.html">libpam-ccreds</a>
13759 package we need is in experimental (version 10-4) since Saturday, and
13760 hopefully will be moved to unstable soon.</p>
13761
13762 <p>This collection of packages allow for two different setups for
13763 roaming laptops.  The traditional setup would be using libpam-ccreds,
13764 nscd and libpam-mklocaluser with LDAP or Kerberos authentication,
13765 which should work out of the box if the configuration changes proposed
13766 for nscd in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/485282">BTS report
13767 #485282</a> is implemented.  The alternative setup is to use sssd with
13768 libpam-mklocaluser to connect to LDAP or Kerberos and let sssd take
13769 care of the caching of passwords and group information.</p>
13770
13771 <p>I have so far been unable to get sssd to work with the LDAP server
13772 at the University, but suspect the issue is some SSL/GnuTLS related
13773 problem with the server certificate.  I plan to update the Debian
13774 package to version 1.2, which is scheduled for next week, and hope to
13775 find time to make sure the next release will include both the
13776 Debian/Ubuntu specific patches.  Upstream is friendly and responsive,
13777 and I am sure we will find a good solution.</p>
13778
13779 <p>The idea is to set up the roaming laptops to authenticate using
13780 LDAP or Kerberos and create a local user with home directory in /home/
13781 when a usre in LDAP logs in via KDM or GDM for the first time, and
13782 cache the password for offline checking, as well as caching group
13783 memberhips and other relevant LDAP information.  The
13784 libpam-mklocaluser package was created to make sure the local home
13785 directory is in /home/, instead of /site/server/directory/ which would
13786 be the home directory if pam_mkhomedir was used.  To avoid confusion
13787 with support requests and configuration, we do not want local laptops
13788 to have users in a path that is used for the same users home directory
13789 on the home directory servers.</p>
13790
13791 <p>One annoying problem with gdm is that it do not show the PAM
13792 message passed to the user from libpam-mklocaluser when the local user
13793 is created.  Instead gdm simply reject the login with some generic
13794 message.  The message is shown in kdm, ssh and login, so I guess it is
13795 a bug in gdm.  Have not investigated if there is some other message
13796 type that can be used instead to get gdm to also show the message.</p>
13797
13798 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
13799 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
13800
13801       </div>
13802       <div class="tags">
13803
13804
13805         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13806
13807
13808       </div>
13809     </div>
13810     <div class="padding"></div>
13811
13812     <div class="entry">
13813       <div class="title">
13814         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Parallellized_boot_is_now_the_default_in_Debian_unstable.html">Parallellized boot is now the default in Debian/unstable</a>
13815       </div>
13816       <div class="date">
13817         14th May 2010
13818       </div>
13819       <div class="body">
13820         <p>Since this evening, parallel booting is the default in
13821 Debian/unstable for machines using dependency based boot sequencing.
13822 Apparently the testing of concurrent booting has been wider than
13823 expected, if I am to believe the
13824 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-devel/2010/05/msg00122.html">input
13825 on debian-devel@</a>, and I concluded a few days ago to move forward
13826 with the feature this weekend, to give us some time to detect any
13827 remaining problems before Squeeze is frozen.  If serious problems are
13828 detected, it is simple to change the default back to sequential boot.
13829 The upload of the new sysvinit package also activate a new upstream
13830 version.</p>
13831
13832 More information about
13833 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/LSBInitScripts/DependencyBasedBoot">dependency
13834 based boot sequencing</a> is available from the Debian wiki.  It is
13835 currently possible to disable parallel booting when one run into
13836 problems caused by it, by adding this line to /etc/default/rcS:</p>
13837
13838 <blockquote><pre>
13839 CONCURRENCY=none
13840 </pre></blockquote>
13841
13842 <p>If you report any problems with dependencies in init.d scripts to
13843 the BTS, please usertag the report to get it to show up at
13844 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/pkgreport.cgi?users=initscripts-ng-devel@lists.alioth.debian.org">the
13845 list of usertagged bugs related to this</a>.</p>
13846
13847       </div>
13848       <div class="tags">
13849
13850
13851         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13852
13853
13854       </div>
13855     </div>
13856     <div class="padding"></div>
13857
13858     <div class="entry">
13859       <div class="title">
13860         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Sitesummary_tip__Listing_MAC_address_of_all_clients.html">Sitesummary tip: Listing MAC address of all clients</a>
13861       </div>
13862       <div class="date">
13863         14th May 2010
13864       </div>
13865       <div class="body">
13866         <p>In the recent Debian Edu versions, the
13867 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/SiteSummary">sitesummary
13868 system</a> is used to keep track of the machines in the school
13869 network.  Each machine will automatically report its status to the
13870 central server after boot and once per night.  The network setup is
13871 also reported, and using this information it is possible to get the
13872 MAC address of all network interfaces in the machines.  This is useful
13873 to update the DHCP configuration.</p>
13874
13875 <p>To give some idea how to use sitesummary, here is a one-liner to
13876 ist all MAC addresses of all machines reporting to sitesummary.  Run
13877 this on the collector host:</p>
13878
13879 <blockquote><pre>
13880 perl -MSiteSummary -e 'for_all_hosts(sub { print join(" ", get_macaddresses(shift)), "\n"; });'
13881 </pre></blockquote>
13882
13883 <p>This will list all MAC addresses assosiated with all machine, one
13884 line per machine and with space between the MAC addresses.</p>
13885
13886 <p>To allow system administrators easier job at adding static DHCP
13887 addresses for hosts, it would be possible to extend this to fetch
13888 machine information from sitesummary and update the DHCP and DNS
13889 tables in LDAP using this information.  Such tool is unfortunately not
13890 written yet.</p>
13891
13892       </div>
13893       <div class="tags">
13894
13895
13896         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
13897
13898
13899       </div>
13900     </div>
13901     <div class="padding"></div>
13902
13903     <div class="entry">
13904       <div class="title">
13905         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Forcing_new_users_to_change_their_password_on_first_login.html">Forcing new users to change their password on first login</a>
13906       </div>
13907       <div class="date">
13908          2nd May 2010
13909       </div>
13910       <div class="body">
13911         <p>One interesting feature in Active Directory, is the ability to
13912 create a new user with an expired password, and thus force the user to
13913 change the password on the first login attempt.</p>
13914
13915 <p>I'm not quite sure how to do that with the LDAP setup in Debian
13916 Edu, but did some initial testing with a local account.  The account
13917 and password aging information is available in /etc/shadow, but
13918 unfortunately, it is not possible to specify an expiration time for
13919 passwords, only a maximum age for passwords.</p>
13920
13921 <p>A freshly created account (using adduser test) will have these
13922 settings in /etc/shadow:</p>
13923
13924 <blockquote><pre>
13925 root@tjener:~# chage -l test
13926 Last password change                                    : May 02, 2010
13927 Password expires                                        : never
13928 Password inactive                                       : never
13929 Account expires                                         : never
13930 Minimum number of days between password change          : 0
13931 Maximum number of days between password change          : 99999
13932 Number of days of warning before password expires       : 7
13933 root@tjener:~#
13934 </pre></blockquote>
13935
13936 <p>The only way I could come up with to create a user with an expired
13937 account, is to change the date of the last password change to the
13938 lowest value possible (January 1th 1970), and the maximum password age
13939 to the difference in days between that date and today.  To make it
13940 simple, I went for 30 years (30 * 365 = 10950) and January 2th (to
13941 avoid testing if 0 is a valid value).</p>
13942
13943 <p>After using these commands to set it up, it seem to work as
13944 intended:</p>
13945
13946 <blockquote><pre>
13947 root@tjener:~# chage -d 1 test; chage -M 10950 test
13948 root@tjener:~# chage -l test
13949 Last password change                                    : Jan 02, 1970
13950 Password expires                                        : never
13951 Password inactive                                       : never
13952 Account expires                                         : never
13953 Minimum number of days between password change          : 0
13954 Maximum number of days between password change          : 10950
13955 Number of days of warning before password expires       : 7
13956 root@tjener:~#
13957 </pre></blockquote>
13958
13959 <p>So far I have tested this with ssh and console, and kdm (in
13960 Squeeze) login, and all ask for a new password before login in the
13961 user (with ssh, I was thrown out and had to log in again).</p>
13962
13963 <p>Perhaps we should set up something similar for Debian Edu, to make
13964 sure only the user itself have the account password?</p>
13965
13966 <p>If you want to comment on or help out with implementing this for
13967 Debian Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
13968
13969 <p>Update 2010-05-02 17:20: Paul Tötterman tells me on IRC that the
13970 shadow(8) page in Debian/testing now state that setting the date of
13971 last password change to zero (0) will force the password to be changed
13972 on the first login.  This was not mentioned in the manual in Lenny, so
13973 I did not notice this in my initial testing.  I have tested it on
13974 Squeeze, and '<tt>chage -d 0 username</tt>' do work there.  I have not
13975 tested it on Lenny yet.</p>
13976
13977 <p>Update 2010-05-02-19:05: Jim Paris tells me via email that an
13978 equivalent command to expire a password is '<tt>passwd -e
13979 username</tt>', which insert zero into the date of the last password
13980 change.</p>
13981
13982       </div>
13983       <div class="tags">
13984
13985
13986         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet</a>.
13987
13988
13989       </div>
13990     </div>
13991     <div class="padding"></div>
13992
13993     <div class="entry">
13994       <div class="title">
13995         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Thoughts_on_roaming_laptop_setup_for_Debian_Edu.html">Thoughts on roaming laptop setup for Debian Edu</a>
13996       </div>
13997       <div class="date">
13998         28th April 2010
13999       </div>
14000       <div class="body">
14001         <p>For some years now, I have wondered how we should handle laptops in
14002 Debian Edu.  The Debian Edu infrastructure is mostly designed to
14003 handle stationary computers, and less suited for computers that come
14004 and go.</p>
14005
14006 <p>Now I finally believe I have an sensible idea on how to adjust
14007 Debian Edu for laptops, by introducing a new profile for them, for
14008 example called Roaming Workstations.  Here are my thought on this.
14009 The setup would consist of the following:</p>
14010
14011 <ul>
14012
14013  <li>During installation, the user name of the owner / primary user of
14014    the laptop is requested and a local home directory is set up for
14015    the user, with uid and gid information fetched from the LDAP
14016    server.  This allow the user to work also when offline.  The
14017    central home directory can be available in a subdirectory on
14018    request, for example mounted via CIFS.  It could be mounted
14019    automatically when a user log in while on the Debian Edu network,
14020    and unmounted when the machine is taken away (network down,
14021    hibernate, etc), it can be set up to do automatic mounting on
14022    request (using autofs), or perhaps some GUI button on the desktop
14023    can be used to access it when needed.  Perhaps it is enough to use
14024    the fish protocol in KDE?</li>
14025
14026  <li>Password checking is set up to use LDAP or Kerberos
14027    authentication when the machine is on the Debian Edu network, and
14028    to cache the password for offline checking when the machine unable
14029    to reach the LDAP or Kerberos server.  This can be done using
14030    <a href="http://www.padl.com/OSS/pam_ccreds.html">libpam-ccreds</a>
14031    or the Fedora developed
14032    <a href="https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/SSSD">System
14033    Security Services Daemon</a> packages.</li>
14034
14035  <li>File synchronisation with the central home directory is set up
14036    using a shared directory in both the local and the central home
14037    directory, using unison.</li>
14038
14039  <li>Printing should be set up to print to all printers broadcasting
14040    their existence on the local network, and should then work out of
14041    the box with CUPS.  For sites needing accurate printer quotas, some
14042    system with Kerberos authentication or printing via ssh could be
14043    implemented.</li>
14044
14045  <li>For users that should have local root access to their laptop,
14046    sudo should be used to allow this to the local user.</li>
14047
14048  <li>It would be nice if user and group information from LDAP is
14049    cached on the client, but given that there are entries for the
14050    local user and primary group in /etc/, it should not be needed.</li>
14051
14052 </ul>
14053
14054 <p>I believe all the pieces to implement this are in Debian/testing at
14055 the moment.  If we work quickly, we should be able to get this ready
14056 in time for the Squeeze release to freeze.  Some of the pieces need
14057 tweaking, like libpam-ccreds should get support for pam-auth-update
14058 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/566718">#566718</a>) and nslcd (or
14059 perhaps debian-edu-config) should get some integration code to stop
14060 its daemon when the LDAP server is unavailable to avoid long timeouts
14061 when disconnected from the net.  If we get Kerberos enabled, we need
14062 to make sure we avoid long timeouts there too.</p>
14063
14064 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
14065 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
14066
14067       </div>
14068       <div class="tags">
14069
14070
14071         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14072
14073
14074       </div>
14075     </div>
14076     <div class="padding"></div>
14077
14078     <div class="entry">
14079       <div class="title">
14080         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Kerberos_for_Debian_Edu_Squeeze_.html">Kerberos for Debian Edu/Squeeze?</a>
14081       </div>
14082       <div class="date">
14083         14th April 2010
14084       </div>
14085       <div class="body">
14086         <p><a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20100413-kerberos/">Yesterdays
14087 NUUG presentation</a> about Kerberos was inspiring, and reminded me
14088 about the need to start using Kerberos in Skolelinux.  Setting up a
14089 Kerberos server seem to be straight forward, and if we get this in
14090 place a long time before the Squeeze version of Debian freezes, we
14091 have a chance to migrate Skolelinux away from NFSv3 for the home
14092 directories, and over to an architecture where the infrastructure do
14093 not have to trust IP addresses and machines, and instead can trust
14094 users and cryptographic keys instead.</p>
14095
14096 <p>A challenge will be integration and administration.  Is there a
14097 Kerberos implementation for Debian where one can control the
14098 administration access in Kerberos using LDAP groups?  With it, the
14099 school administration will have to maintain access control using flat
14100 files on the main server, which give a huge potential for errors.</p>
14101
14102 <p>A related question I would like to know is how well Kerberos and
14103 pam-ccreds (offline password check) work together.  Anyone know?</p>
14104
14105 <p>Next step will be to use Kerberos for access control in Lwat and
14106 Nagios.  I have no idea how much work that will be to implement.  We
14107 would also need to document how to integrate with Windows AD, as such
14108 shared network will require two Kerberos realms that need to cooperate
14109 to work properly.</p>
14110
14111 <p>I believe a good start would be to start using Kerberos on the
14112 skolelinux.no machines, and this way get ourselves experience with
14113 configuration and integration.  A natural starting point would be
14114 setting up ldap.skolelinux.no as the Kerberos server, and migrate the
14115 rest of the machines from PAM via LDAP to PAM via Kerberos one at the
14116 time.</p>
14117
14118 <p>If you would like to contribute to get this working in Skolelinux,
14119 I recommend you to see the video recording from yesterdays NUUG
14120 presentation, and start using Kerberos at home.  The video show show
14121 up in a few days.</p>
14122
14123       </div>
14124       <div class="tags">
14125
14126
14127         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14128
14129
14130       </div>
14131     </div>
14132     <div class="padding"></div>
14133
14134     <div class="entry">
14135       <div class="title">
14136         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/After_6_years_of_waiting__the_Xreset_d_feature_is_implemented.html">After 6 years of waiting, the Xreset.d feature is implemented</a>
14137       </div>
14138       <div class="date">
14139          6th March 2010
14140       </div>
14141       <div class="body">
14142         <p>6 years ago, as part of the Debian Edu development I am involved
14143 in, I asked for a hook in the kdm and gdm setup to run scripts as root
14144 when the user log out.  A bug was submitted against the xfree86-common
14145 package in 2004 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/230422">#230422</a>),
14146 and revisited every time Debian Edu was working on a new release.
14147 Today, this finally paid off.</p>
14148
14149 <p>The framework for this feature was today commited to the git
14150 repositry for the xorg package, and the git repository for xdm has
14151 been updated to use this framework.  Next on my agenda is to make sure
14152 kdm and gdm also add code to use this framework.</p>
14153
14154 <p>In Debian Edu, we want to ability to run commands as root when the
14155 user log out, to get rid of runaway processes and do general cleanup
14156 after a user.  With this framework in place, we finally can do that in
14157 a generic way that work with all display managers using this
14158 framework.  My goal is to get all display managers in Debian use it,
14159 similar to how they use the Xsession.d framework today.<p>
14160
14161       </div>
14162       <div class="tags">
14163
14164
14165         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14166
14167
14168       </div>
14169     </div>
14170     <div class="padding"></div>
14171
14172     <div class="entry">
14173       <div class="title">
14174         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Lenny_released__work_continues.html">Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Lenny released, work continues</a>
14175       </div>
14176       <div class="date">
14177         11th February 2010
14178       </div>
14179       <div class="body">
14180         <p>On Tuesday, the Debian/Lenny based version of
14181 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> was finally
14182 shipped.  This was a major leap forward for the project, and I am very
14183 pleased that we finally got the release wrapped up.  Work on the first
14184 point release starts imediately, as we plan to get that one out a
14185 month after the major release, to include all fixes for bugs we found
14186 and fixed too late in the release process to include last Tuesday.</p>
14187
14188 <p>Perhaps it even is time for some partying?</p>
14189
14190 <p>After this first point release, my plan is to focus again on the
14191 next major release, based on Squeeze.  We will try to get as many of
14192 the fixes we need into the official Debian packages before the freeze,
14193 and have just a few weeks or months to make it happen.</p>
14194
14195       </div>
14196       <div class="tags">
14197
14198
14199         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14200
14201
14202       </div>
14203     </div>
14204     <div class="padding"></div>
14205
14206     <div class="entry">
14207       <div class="title">
14208         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_Munin_and_Nagios_configuration.html">Automatic Munin and Nagios configuration</a>
14209       </div>
14210       <div class="date">
14211         27th January 2010
14212       </div>
14213       <div class="body">
14214         <p>One of the new features in the next Debian/Lenny based release of
14215 Debian Edu/Skolelinux, which is scheduled for release in the next few
14216 days, is automatic configuration of the service monitoring system
14217 Nagios.  The previous release had automatic configuration of trend
14218 analysis using Munin, and this Lenny based release take that a step
14219 further.</p>
14220
14221 <p>When installing a Debian Edu Main-server, it is automatically
14222 configured as a Munin and Nagios server.  In addition, it is
14223 configured to be a server for the
14224 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/SiteSummary">SiteSummary
14225 system</a> I have written for use in Debian Edu.  The SiteSummary
14226 system is inspired by a system used by the University of Oslo where I
14227 work.  In short, the system provide a centralised collector of
14228 information about the computers on the network, and a client on each
14229 computer submitting information to this collector.  This allow for
14230 automatic information on which packages are installed on each machine,
14231 which kernel the machines are using, what kind of configuration the
14232 packages got etc.  This also allow us to automatically generate Munin
14233 and Nagios configuration.</p>
14234
14235 <p>All computers reporting to the sitesummary collector with the
14236 munin-node package installed is automatically enabled as a Munin
14237 client and graphs from the statistics collected from that machine show
14238 up automatically on http://www/munin/ on the Main-server.</p>
14239
14240 <p>All non-laptop computers reporting to the sitesummary collector are
14241 automatically monitored for network presence (ping and any network
14242 services detected).  In addition, all computers (also laptops) with
14243 the nagios-nrpe-server package installed and configured the way
14244 sitesummary would configure it, are monitored for full disks, software
14245 raid status, swap free and other checks that need to run locally on
14246 the machine.</p>
14247
14248 <p>The result is that the administrator on a school using Debian Edu
14249 based on Lenny will be able to check the health of his installation
14250 with one look at the Nagios settings, without having to spend any time
14251 keeping the Nagios configuration up-to-date.</p>
14252
14253 <p>The only configuration one need to do to get Nagios up and running
14254 is to set the password used to get access via HTTP.  The system
14255 administrator need to run "<tt>htpasswd /etc/nagios3/htpasswd.users
14256 nagiosadmin</tt>" to create a nagiosadmin user and set a password for
14257 it to be able to log into the Nagios web pages.  After that,
14258 everything is taken care of.</p>
14259
14260       </div>
14261       <div class="tags">
14262
14263
14264         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
14265
14266
14267       </div>
14268     </div>
14269     <div class="padding"></div>
14270
14271     <div class="entry">
14272       <div class="title">
14273         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Opphavet_til_Skolelinux_prosjektet.html">Opphavet til Skolelinux-prosjektet</a>
14274       </div>
14275       <div class="date">
14276         17th December 2009
14277       </div>
14278       <div class="body">
14279         <p>De færreste er klar over at Skolelinux-prosjektet kom som et resultat
14280 av en avgjørelse på årsmøtet i
14281 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">NUUG</a> i 2000-06-29, der Håkon Wium
14282 Lie, da varamedlem i styret, tok på seg oppdraget om å starte et
14283 initiativ kalt "Teach the Teacher", som skulle være et initiativ for
14284 å få fri programvare og unix-lignende operativsystemer inn i Skolen.
14285 Tanken var at en måtte starte med lærerne for at ungene skulle få
14286 mulighet til å møte en bedre IT-hverdag.  Jeg var tilstede på
14287 møtet, og hadde sans for ideen, men intet skjedde.  På vårparten
14288 2001 ble det arrangert en demonstrasjon i anledning at First Tuesday
14289 hadde invitert Microsoft til et møte for å fortelle om fremtidens
14290 Internet.  Dette provoserte endel av oss, og EFN og NUUG tok initiativ
14291 til å arrangere
14292 <a href="http://www.digi.no/60982/first-tuesday-mote-med-microsoft-protest">en
14293 demonstrasjon utenfor lokalene 2001-05-21</a>.  Blant de som sto bak
14294 demonstrasjonen var Vidar Bakke fra NUUG og Håkon W. Lie fra EFN.
14295 Etter demonstrasjonen arrangerte Håkon en fest hjemme hos seg der alle
14296 som hadde vært aktive i demonstrasjonsplanlegging og gjennomføringen
14297 deltok.  Før festen var jeg blitt lei av å vente på at Håkon skulle ta
14298 initiativ til "Teach the Teacher", og for å forsøke å få litt fremgang
14299 besteme jeg meg for å benytte anledningen hos Håkon til å snakke om
14300 behovet for å hjelpe skolene i gang med bedre datasystemer bestående
14301 av fri programvare og unix-lignende operativsystemer.  Flere var
14302 interessert, og Knut Yrvin tenkte på ideen.  Han
14303 <a href="http://developer.skolelinux.no/brev/2001-06-28-invitasjon-skolelinux.txt">ropte
14304 sammen</a> til et stiftelsesmøte i prosjektet i sin arbeidsgivers
14305 Objectwares lokaler ved Ullevål stadion 2001-07-02, og jeg ble med.
14306 Resten er historie. :)</p>
14307
14308       </div>
14309       <div class="tags">
14310
14311
14312         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14313
14314
14315       </div>
14316     </div>
14317     <div class="padding"></div>
14318
14319     <div class="entry">
14320       <div class="title">
14321         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_operativt_webbasert_medlemsregister_for_Fri_programvare_i_skolen.html">Endelig operativt webbasert medlemsregister for Fri programvare i skolen</a>
14322       </div>
14323       <div class="date">
14324          2nd November 2009
14325       </div>
14326       <div class="body">
14327         <p>Under helgens utviklersamling i
14328 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.no/">Skolelinux</a> fikk jeg endelig
14329 satt meg ned sammen med Ronny Aasen i styret for å få et webbasert
14330 medlemsregister tilbake på plass for foreningen som passer på
14331 skolelinuxprosjektet.  Etter flere års knot og problemer, er nå
14332 memberdb satt opp og klart til bruk.  Import av det gamle
14333 medlemsregisteret har vist seg vanskelig, så alle medlemmer bes om å
14334 registrere seg på nytt.  Hvis du støtter FRiSKs formål så er du
14335 hjertelig velkommen til
14336 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">å melde deg
14337 inn</a>. Formålet lyder:</p>
14338
14339 <blockquote>Linux i skolen skal tilrettelegge for og informere om bruk
14340 av fri programvare, i henhold til Debian Free Software Guidelines av
14341 2002-02-03, i den norske skolen, slik som f.eks. Linux og
14342 GNU.</blockquote>
14343
14344       </div>
14345       <div class="tags">
14346
14347
14348         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
14349
14350
14351       </div>
14352     </div>
14353     <div class="padding"></div>
14354
14355     <div class="entry">
14356       <div class="title">
14357         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Returning_from_Skolelinux_developer_gathering.html">Returning from Skolelinux developer gathering</a>
14358       </div>
14359       <div class="date">
14360         29th March 2009
14361       </div>
14362       <div class="body">
14363         <p>I'm sitting on the train going home from this weekends Debian
14364 Edu/Skolelinux development gathering.  I got a bit done tuning the
14365 desktop, and looked into the dynamic service location protocol
14366 implementation avahi.  It look like it could be useful for us.  Almost
14367 30 people participated, and I believe it was a great environment to
14368 get to know the Skolelinux system.  Walter Bender, involved in the
14369 development of the Sugar educational platform, presented his stuff and
14370 also helped me improve my OLPC installation.  He also showed me that
14371 his Turtle Art application can be used in standalone mode, and we
14372 agreed that I would help getting it packaged for Debian.  As a
14373 standalone application it would be great for Debian Edu.  We also
14374 tried to get the video conferencing working with two OLPCs, but that
14375 proved to be too hard for us.  The application seem to need more work
14376 before it is ready for me.  I look forward to getting home and relax
14377 now. :)</p>
14378
14379       </div>
14380       <div class="tags">
14381
14382
14383         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14384
14385
14386       </div>
14387     </div>
14388     <div class="padding"></div>
14389
14390     <div class="entry">
14391       <div class="title">
14392         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">Time for new  LDAP schemas replacing RFC 2307?</a>
14393       </div>
14394       <div class="date">
14395         29th March 2009
14396       </div>
14397       <div class="body">
14398         <p>The state of standardized LDAP schemas on Linux is far from
14399 optimal.  There is RFC 2307 documenting one way to store NIS maps in
14400 LDAP, and a modified version of this normally called RFC 2307bis, with
14401 some modifications to be compatible with Active Directory.  The RFC
14402 specification handle the content of a lot of system databases, but do
14403 not handle DNS zones and DHCP configuration.</p>
14404
14405 <p>In <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux</a>,
14406 we would like to store information about users, SMB clients/hosts,
14407 filegroups, netgroups (users and hosts), DHCP and DNS configuration,
14408 and LTSP configuration in LDAP.  These objects have a lot in common,
14409 but with the current LDAP schemas it is not possible to have one
14410 object per entity.  For example, one need to have at least three LDAP
14411 objects for a given computer, one with the SMB related stuff, one with
14412 DNS information and another with DHCP information.  The schemas
14413 provided for DNS and DHCP are impossible to combine into one LDAP
14414 object.  In addition, it is impossible to implement quick queries for
14415 netgroup membership, because of the way NIS triples are implemented.
14416 It just do not scale.  I believe it is time for a few RFC
14417 specifications to cleam up this mess.</p>
14418
14419 <p>I would like to have one LDAP object representing each computer in
14420 the network, and this object can then keep the SMB (ie host key), DHCP
14421 (mac address/name) and DNS (name/IP address) settings in one place.
14422 It need to be efficently stored to make sure it scale well.</p>
14423
14424 <p>I would also like to have a quick way to map from a user or
14425 computer and to the net group this user or computer is a member.</p>
14426
14427 <p>Active Directory have done a better job than unix heads like myself
14428 in this regard, and the unix side need to catch up.  Time to start a
14429 new IETF work group?</p>
14430
14431       </div>
14432       <div class="tags">
14433
14434
14435         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14436
14437
14438       </div>
14439     </div>
14440     <div class="padding"></div>
14441
14442     <div class="entry">
14443       <div class="title">
14444         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_er_Debian_Lenny_gitt_ut.html">Endelig er Debian Lenny gitt ut</a>
14445       </div>
14446       <div class="date">
14447         15th February 2009
14448       </div>
14449       <div class="body">
14450         <p>Endelig er <a href="http://www.debian.org/">Debian</a>
14451 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2009/20090214">Lenny</a> gitt ut.
14452 Et langt steg videre for Debian-prosjektet, og en rekke nye
14453 programpakker blir nå tilgjengelig for de av oss som bruker den
14454 stabile utgaven av Debian.  Neste steg er nå å få
14455 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> /
14456 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/">Debian Edu</a> ferdig
14457 oppdatert for den nye utgaven, slik at en oppdatert versjon kan
14458 slippes løs på skolene.  Takk til alle debian-utviklerne som har
14459 gjort dette mulig.  Endelig er f.eks. fungerende avhengighetsstyrt
14460 bootsekvens tilgjengelig i stabil utgave, vha pakken
14461 <tt>insserv</tt>.</p>
14462
14463       </div>
14464       <div class="tags">
14465
14466
14467         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
14468
14469
14470       </div>
14471     </div>
14472     <div class="padding"></div>
14473
14474     <div class="entry">
14475       <div class="title">
14476         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_norsk_stavekontroll_med_st_tte_for_ord_med_bindestrek.html">Endelig norsk stavekontroll med støtte for ord med bindestrek</a>
14477       </div>
14478       <div class="date">
14479         26th December 2008
14480       </div>
14481       <div class="body">
14482         <p>Etter flere års mislykkede forsøk på å skrive om byggesystemet for
14483 <a href="http://no.speling.org/">den norske stavekontrollen for bokmål
14484 og nynorsk</a> til å ikke bruke bindestrek som ordskillemarkør, lyktes jeg
14485 endelig første juledag.  Bruken av bindestrek som ordskillemarkør har
14486 gjort det umulig å få med ord med bindestrek i
14487 stavekontrolldatagrunnlaget, slik at ord som e-post og CD-spiller ikke
14488 kunne godtas av stavekontrollen.  Hadde litt tid til overs å bruke på
14489 stavekontrollen, og satte meg ned med to kopier av byggsystemet og en
14490 liten testdatafil, og byttet ut - med = på utvalgte steder i
14491 byggsystemet og datafilen helt til jeg fikk samme resultat med det
14492 gamle og det nye byggsystemet.  Dette tror jeg var forsøk 4, der de
14493 foregående har feilet uten at jeg klarte å forstå hvorfor.  Det sier
14494 kanskje litt om kompleksiteten i det originale byggsystemet som Rune
14495 Kleveland laget i sin tid.</p>
14496
14497 <p>Etter å ha endret byggsystemet, var neste steg å importere ordene
14498 med bindestrek.  Vi har en rekke slike i databasene for
14499 <a href="http://tyge.sslug.dk/~korsvoll/nb.speling.org/htdocs/">bokmål</a>
14500 og
14501 <a href="http://tyge.sslug.dk/~korsvoll/nn.speling.org/htdocs/">nynorsk</a>
14502 for korrektur av datagrunnlaget for stavekontrollen, og etter importen
14503 skulle nå 10350 nye ord bli godkjent som korrekt stavede ord av
14504 stavekontrollen.</p>
14505
14506       </div>
14507       <div class="tags">
14508
14509
14510         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
14511
14512
14513       </div>
14514     </div>
14515     <div class="padding"></div>
14516
14517     <div class="entry">
14518       <div class="title">
14519         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Devcamp_brought_us_closer_to_the_Lenny_based_Debian_Edu_release.html">Devcamp brought us closer to the Lenny based Debian Edu release</a>
14520       </div>
14521       <div class="date">
14522          7th December 2008
14523       </div>
14524       <div class="body">
14525         <p>This weekend we had a small developer gathering for Debian Edu in
14526 Oslo.  Most of Saturday was used for the general assemly for the
14527 member organization, but the rest of the weekend I used to tune the
14528 LTSP installation.  LTSP now work out of the box on the 10-network.
14529 Acer Aspire One proved to be a very nice thin client, with both
14530 screen, mouse and keybard in a small box.  Was working on getting the
14531 diskless workstation setup configured out of the box, but did not
14532 finish it before the weekend was up.</p>
14533
14534 <p>Did not find time to look at the 4 VGA cards in one box we got from
14535 the Brazilian group, so that will have to wait for the next
14536 development gathering.  Would love to have the Debian Edu installer
14537 automatically detect and configure a multiseat setup when it find one
14538 of these cards.</p>
14539
14540       </div>
14541       <div class="tags">
14542
14543
14544         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp</a>.
14545
14546
14547       </div>
14548     </div>
14549     <div class="padding"></div>
14550
14551     <div class="entry">
14552       <div class="title">
14553         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_sorry_state_of_multimedia_browser_plugins_in_Debian.html">The sorry state of multimedia browser plugins in Debian</a>
14554       </div>
14555       <div class="date">
14556         25th November 2008
14557       </div>
14558       <div class="body">
14559         <p>Recently I have spent some time evaluating the multimedia browser
14560 plugins available in Debian Lenny, to see which one we should use by
14561 default in Debian Edu.  We need an embedded video playing plugin with
14562 control buttons to pause or stop the video, and capable of streaming
14563 all the multimedia content available on the web.  The test results and
14564 notes are available on
14565 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/BrowserMultimedia">the
14566 Debian wiki</a>.  I was surprised how few of the plugins are able to
14567 fill this need.  My personal video player favorite, VLC, has a really
14568 bad plugin which fail on a lot of the test pages.  A lot of the MIME
14569 types I would expect to work with any free software player (like
14570 video/ogg), just do not work.  And simple formats like the
14571 audio/x-mplegurl format (m3u playlists), just isn't supported by the
14572 totem and vlc plugins.  I hope the situation will improve soon.  No
14573 wonder sites use the proprietary Adobe flash to play video.</p>
14574
14575 <p>For Lenny, we seem to end up with the mplayer plugin.  It seem to
14576 be the only one fitting our needs. :/</p>
14577
14578       </div>
14579       <div class="tags">
14580
14581
14582         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
14583
14584
14585       </div>
14586     </div>
14587     <div class="padding"></div>
14588
14589     <p style="text-align: right;"><a href="debian edu.rss"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/xml.gif" alt="RSS Feed" width="36" height="14" /></a></p>
14590     <div id="sidebar">
14591
14592
14593
14594 <h2>Archive</h2>
14595 <ul>
14596
14597 <li>2015
14598 <ul>
14599
14600 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/01/">January (7)</a></li>
14601
14602 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/02/">February (6)</a></li>
14603
14604 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/03/">March (1)</a></li>
14605
14606 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/04/">April (4)</a></li>
14607
14608 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/05/">May (3)</a></li>
14609
14610 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/06/">June (4)</a></li>
14611
14612 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/07/">July (2)</a></li>
14613
14614 </ul></li>
14615
14616 <li>2014
14617 <ul>
14618
14619 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/01/">January (2)</a></li>
14620
14621 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/02/">February (3)</a></li>
14622
14623 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/03/">March (8)</a></li>
14624
14625 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/04/">April (7)</a></li>
14626
14627 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/05/">May (1)</a></li>
14628
14629 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/06/">June (2)</a></li>
14630
14631 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/07/">July (2)</a></li>
14632
14633 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/08/">August (2)</a></li>
14634
14635 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/09/">September (5)</a></li>
14636
14637 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/10/">October (6)</a></li>
14638
14639 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/11/">November (3)</a></li>
14640
14641 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/12/">December (5)</a></li>
14642
14643 </ul></li>
14644
14645 <li>2013
14646 <ul>
14647
14648 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/01/">January (11)</a></li>
14649
14650 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/02/">February (9)</a></li>
14651
14652 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/03/">March (9)</a></li>
14653
14654 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/04/">April (6)</a></li>
14655
14656 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/05/">May (9)</a></li>
14657
14658 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/06/">June (10)</a></li>
14659
14660 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/07/">July (7)</a></li>
14661
14662 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/08/">August (3)</a></li>
14663
14664 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/09/">September (5)</a></li>
14665
14666 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/10/">October (7)</a></li>
14667
14668 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/11/">November (9)</a></li>
14669
14670 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/12/">December (3)</a></li>
14671
14672 </ul></li>
14673
14674 <li>2012
14675 <ul>
14676
14677 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/01/">January (7)</a></li>
14678
14679 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/02/">February (10)</a></li>
14680
14681 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/03/">March (17)</a></li>
14682
14683 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/04/">April (12)</a></li>
14684
14685 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/05/">May (12)</a></li>
14686
14687 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/06/">June (20)</a></li>
14688
14689 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/07/">July (17)</a></li>
14690
14691 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/08/">August (6)</a></li>
14692
14693 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/09/">September (9)</a></li>
14694
14695 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/10/">October (17)</a></li>
14696
14697 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/11/">November (10)</a></li>
14698
14699 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/12/">December (7)</a></li>
14700
14701 </ul></li>
14702
14703 <li>2011
14704 <ul>
14705
14706 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/01/">January (16)</a></li>
14707
14708 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/02/">February (6)</a></li>
14709
14710 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/03/">March (6)</a></li>
14711
14712 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/04/">April (7)</a></li>
14713
14714 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/05/">May (3)</a></li>
14715
14716 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/06/">June (2)</a></li>
14717
14718 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/07/">July (7)</a></li>
14719
14720 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/08/">August (6)</a></li>
14721
14722 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/09/">September (4)</a></li>
14723
14724 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/10/">October (2)</a></li>
14725
14726 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/11/">November (3)</a></li>
14727
14728 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/12/">December (1)</a></li>
14729
14730 </ul></li>
14731
14732 <li>2010
14733 <ul>
14734
14735 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/01/">January (2)</a></li>
14736
14737 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/02/">February (1)</a></li>
14738
14739 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/03/">March (3)</a></li>
14740
14741 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/04/">April (3)</a></li>
14742
14743 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/05/">May (9)</a></li>
14744
14745 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/06/">June (14)</a></li>
14746
14747 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/07/">July (12)</a></li>
14748
14749 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/08/">August (13)</a></li>
14750
14751 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/09/">September (7)</a></li>
14752
14753 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/10/">October (9)</a></li>
14754
14755 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/11/">November (13)</a></li>
14756
14757 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/12/">December (12)</a></li>
14758
14759 </ul></li>
14760
14761 <li>2009
14762 <ul>
14763
14764 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/01/">January (8)</a></li>
14765
14766 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/02/">February (8)</a></li>
14767
14768 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/03/">March (12)</a></li>
14769
14770 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/04/">April (10)</a></li>
14771
14772 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/05/">May (9)</a></li>
14773
14774 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/06/">June (3)</a></li>
14775
14776 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/07/">July (4)</a></li>
14777
14778 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/08/">August (3)</a></li>
14779
14780 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/09/">September (1)</a></li>
14781
14782 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/10/">October (2)</a></li>
14783
14784 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/11/">November (3)</a></li>
14785
14786 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/12/">December (3)</a></li>
14787
14788 </ul></li>
14789
14790 <li>2008
14791 <ul>
14792
14793 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/11/">November (5)</a></li>
14794
14795 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/12/">December (7)</a></li>
14796
14797 </ul></li>
14798
14799 </ul>
14800
14801
14802
14803 <h2>Tags</h2>
14804 <ul>
14805
14806  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/3d-printer">3d-printer (13)</a></li>
14807
14808  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/amiga">amiga (1)</a></li>
14809
14810  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/aros">aros (1)</a></li>
14811
14812  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bankid">bankid (4)</a></li>
14813
14814  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bitcoin">bitcoin (8)</a></li>
14815
14816  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem (15)</a></li>
14817
14818  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bsa">bsa (2)</a></li>
14819
14820  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/chrpath">chrpath (2)</a></li>
14821
14822  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian (110)</a></li>
14823
14824  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu (153)</a></li>
14825
14826  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/digistan">digistan (10)</a></li>
14827
14828  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/dld">dld (15)</a></li>
14829
14830  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook (13)</a></li>
14831
14832  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/drivstoffpriser">drivstoffpriser (4)</a></li>
14833
14834  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english (281)</a></li>
14835
14836  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fiksgatami">fiksgatami (23)</a></li>
14837
14838  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fildeling">fildeling (12)</a></li>
14839
14840  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture (15)</a></li>
14841
14842  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freedombox">freedombox (9)</a></li>
14843
14844  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/frikanalen">frikanalen (16)</a></li>
14845
14846  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/h264">h264 (19)</a></li>
14847
14848  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju (42)</a></li>
14849
14850  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram (10)</a></li>
14851
14852  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kart">kart (19)</a></li>
14853
14854  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap (9)</a></li>
14855
14856  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker (8)</a></li>
14857
14858  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lsdvd">lsdvd (2)</a></li>
14859
14860  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp (1)</a></li>
14861
14862  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/mesh network">mesh network (8)</a></li>
14863
14864  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia (35)</a></li>
14865
14866  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk (263)</a></li>
14867
14868  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug (176)</a></li>
14869
14870  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn (18)</a></li>
14871
14872  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/open311">open311 (2)</a></li>
14873
14874  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett (52)</a></li>
14875
14876  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern (86)</a></li>
14877
14878  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/raid">raid (1)</a></li>
14879
14880  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reactos">reactos (1)</a></li>
14881
14882  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reprap">reprap (11)</a></li>
14883
14884  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rfid">rfid (3)</a></li>
14885
14886  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/robot">robot (9)</a></li>
14887
14888  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rss">rss (1)</a></li>
14889
14890  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ruter">ruter (4)</a></li>
14891
14892  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/scraperwiki">scraperwiki (2)</a></li>
14893
14894  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet (41)</a></li>
14895
14896  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary (4)</a></li>
14897
14898  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/skepsis">skepsis (4)</a></li>
14899
14900  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard (47)</a></li>
14901
14902  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll (3)</a></li>
14903
14904  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stortinget">stortinget (9)</a></li>
14905
14906  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance (33)</a></li>
14907
14908  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sysadmin">sysadmin (2)</a></li>
14909
14910  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/usenix">usenix (2)</a></li>
14911
14912  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/valg">valg (8)</a></li>
14913
14914  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video (53)</a></li>
14915
14916  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/vitenskap">vitenskap (4)</a></li>
14917
14918  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web (36)</a></li>
14919
14920 </ul>
14921
14922
14923     </div>
14924     <p style="text-align: right">
14925  Created by <a href="http://steve.org.uk/Software/chronicle">Chronicle v4.6</a>
14926 </p>
14927
14928   </body>
14929 </html>