blog/Debian_Jessie__PXE_and_automatic_firmware_installation.html

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   6     <title>Petter Reinholdtsen: Debian Jessie, PXE and automatic firmware installation</title>
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  14  <h1>
  15      <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/">Petter Reinholdtsen</a>
  16
  17  </h1>
  18
  19 </div>
  20
  21
  22     <div class="entry">
  23       <div class="title">Debian Jessie, PXE and automatic firmware installation</div>
  24       <div class="date">17th October 2014</div>
  25       <div class="body"><p>When PXE installing laptops with Debian, I often run into the
  26 problem that the WiFi card require some firmware to work properly.
  27 And it has been a pain to fix this using preseeding in Debian.
  28 Normally something more is needed.  But thanks to
  29 <a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/i/isenkram.html">my isenkram
  30 package</a> and its recent tasksel extension, it has now become easy
  31 to do this using simple preseeding.</p>
  32
  33 <p>The isenkram-cli package provide tasksel tasks which will install
  34 firmware for the hardware found in the machine (actually, requested by
  35 the kernel modules for the hardware).  (It can also install user space
  36 programs supporting the hardware detected, but that is not the focus
  37 of this story.)</p>
  38
  39 <p>To get this working in the default installation, two preeseding
  40 values are needed.  First, the isenkram-cli package must be installed
  41 into the target chroot (aka the hard drive) before tasksel is executed
  42 in the pkgsel step of the debian-installer system.  This is done by
  43 preseeding the base-installer/includes debconf value to include the
  44 isenkram-cli package.  The package name is next passed to debootstrap
  45 for installation.  With the isenkram-cli package in place, tasksel
  46 will automatically use the isenkram tasks to detect hardware specific
  47 packages for the machine being installed and install them, because
  48 isenkram-cli contain tasksel tasks.</p>
  49
  50 <p>Second, one need to enable the non-free APT repository, because
  51 most firmware unfortunately is non-free.  This is done by preseeding
  52 the apt-mirror-setup step.  This is unfortunate, but for a lot of
  53 hardware it is the only option in Debian.</p>
  54
  55 <p>The end result is two lines needed in your preseeding file to get
  56 firmware installed automatically by the installer:</p>
  57
  58 <p><blockquote><pre>
  59 base-installer base-installer/includes string isenkram-cli
  60 apt-mirror-setup apt-setup/non-free boolean true
  61 </pre></blockquote></p>
  62
  63 <p>The current version of isenkram-cli in testing/jessie will install
  64 both firmware and user space packages when using this method.  It also
  65 do not work well, so use version 0.15 or later.  Installing both
  66 firmware and user space packages might give you a bit more than you
  67 want, so I decided to split the tasksel task in two, one for firmware
  68 and one for user space programs.  The firmware task is enabled by
  69 default, while the one for user space programs is not.  This split is
  70 implemented in the package currently in unstable.</p>
  71
  72 <p>If you decide to give this a go, please let me know (via email) how
  73 this recipe work for you. :)</p>
  74
  75 <p>So, I bet you are wondering, how can this work.  First and
  76 foremost, it work because tasksel is modular, and driven by whatever
  77 files it find in /usr/lib/tasksel/ and /usr/share/tasksel/.  So the
  78 isenkram-cli package place two files for tasksel to find.  First there
  79 is the task description file (/usr/share/tasksel/descs/isenkram.desc):</p>
  80
  81 <p><blockquote><pre>
  82 Task: isenkram-packages
  83 Section: hardware
  84 Description: Hardware specific packages (autodetected by isenkram)
  85  Based on the detected hardware various hardware specific packages are
  86  proposed.
  87 Test-new-install: show show
  88 Relevance: 8
  89 Packages: for-current-hardware
  90
  91 Task: isenkram-firmware
  92 Section: hardware
  93 Description: Hardware specific firmware packages (autodetected by isenkram)
  94  Based on the detected hardware various hardware specific firmware
  95  packages are proposed.
  96 Test-new-install: mark show
  97 Relevance: 8
  98 Packages: for-current-hardware-firmware
  99 </pre></blockquote></p>
 100
 101 <p>The key parts are Test-new-install which indicate how the task
 102 should be handled and the Packages line referencing to a script in
 103 /usr/lib/tasksel/packages/.  The scripts use other scripts to get a
 104 list of packages to install.  The for-current-hardware-firmware script
 105 look like this to list relevant firmware for the machine:
 106
 107 <p><blockquote><pre>
 108 #!/bin/sh
 109 #
 110 PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH
 111 export PATH
 112 isenkram-autoinstall-firmware -l
 113 </pre></blockquote></p>
 114
 115 <p>With those two pieces in place, the firmware is installed by
 116 tasksel during the normal d-i run. :)</p>
 117
 118 <p>If you want to test what tasksel will install when isenkram-cli is
 119 installed, run <tt>DEBIAN_PRIORITY=critical tasksel --test
 120 --new-install</tt> to get the list of packages that tasksel would
 121 install.</p>
 122
 123 <p><a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/">Debian Edu</a> will be
 124 pilots in testing this feature, as isenkram is used there now to
 125 install firmware, replacing the earlier scripts.</p>
 126 </div>
 127
 128       <div class="tags">Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sysadmin">sysadmin</a>.</div>
 129
 130
 131     </div>
 132
 133
 134
 135
 136     <div id="sidebar">
 137
 138
 139
 140 <h2>Archive</h2>
 141 <ul>
 142
 143 <li>2020
 144 <ul>
 145
 146 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/02/">February (2)</a></li>
 147
 148 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/03/">March (2)</a></li>
 149
 150 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/04/">April (2)</a></li>
 151
 152 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/05/">May (3)</a></li>
 153
 154 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 155
 156 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/07/">July (1)</a></li>
 157
 158 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/09/">September (1)</a></li>
 159
 160 </ul></li>
 161
 162 <li>2019
 163 <ul>
 164
 165 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/01/">January (4)</a></li>
 166
 167 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/02/">February (3)</a></li>
 168
 169 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/03/">March (3)</a></li>
 170
 171 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/05/">May (2)</a></li>
 172
 173 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/06/">June (5)</a></li>
 174
 175 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/07/">July (2)</a></li>
 176
 177 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/08/">August (1)</a></li>
 178
 179 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/09/">September (1)</a></li>
 180
 181 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/11/">November (1)</a></li>
 182
 183 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/12/">December (4)</a></li>
 184
 185 </ul></li>
 186
 187 <li>2018
 188 <ul>
 189
 190 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/01/">January (1)</a></li>
 191
 192 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/02/">February (5)</a></li>
 193
 194 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/03/">March (5)</a></li>
 195
 196 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/04/">April (3)</a></li>
 197
 198 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 199
 200 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/07/">July (5)</a></li>
 201
 202 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/08/">August (3)</a></li>
 203
 204 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/09/">September (3)</a></li>
 205
 206 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/10/">October (5)</a></li>
 207
 208 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/11/">November (2)</a></li>
 209
 210 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/12/">December (4)</a></li>
 211
 212 </ul></li>
 213
 214 <li>2017
 215 <ul>
 216
 217 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/01/">January (4)</a></li>
 218
 219 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/02/">February (3)</a></li>
 220
 221 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/03/">March (5)</a></li>
 222
 223 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/04/">April (2)</a></li>
 224
 225 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/06/">June (5)</a></li>
 226
 227 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/07/">July (1)</a></li>
 228
 229 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/08/">August (1)</a></li>
 230
 231 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/09/">September (3)</a></li>
 232
 233 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/10/">October (5)</a></li>
 234
 235 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 236
 237 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/12/">December (4)</a></li>
 238
 239 </ul></li>
 240
 241 <li>2016
 242 <ul>
 243
 244 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/01/">January (3)</a></li>
 245
 246 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/02/">February (2)</a></li>
 247
 248 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/03/">March (3)</a></li>
 249
 250 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/04/">April (8)</a></li>
 251
 252 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/05/">May (8)</a></li>
 253
 254 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 255
 256 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/07/">July (2)</a></li>
 257
 258 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/08/">August (5)</a></li>
 259
 260 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/09/">September (2)</a></li>
 261
 262 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/10/">October (3)</a></li>
 263
 264 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/11/">November (8)</a></li>
 265
 266 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/12/">December (5)</a></li>
 267
 268 </ul></li>
 269
 270 <li>2015
 271 <ul>
 272
 273 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/01/">January (7)</a></li>
 274
 275 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/02/">February (6)</a></li>
 276
 277 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/03/">March (1)</a></li>
 278
 279 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/04/">April (4)</a></li>
 280
 281 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/05/">May (3)</a></li>
 282
 283 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/06/">June (4)</a></li>
 284
 285 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/07/">July (6)</a></li>
 286
 287 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/08/">August (2)</a></li>
 288
 289 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/09/">September (2)</a></li>
 290
 291 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/10/">October (9)</a></li>
 292
 293 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/11/">November (6)</a></li>
 294
 295 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/12/">December (3)</a></li>
 296
 297 </ul></li>
 298
 299 <li>2014
 300 <ul>
 301
 302 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/01/">January (2)</a></li>
 303
 304 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/02/">February (3)</a></li>
 305
 306 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/03/">March (8)</a></li>
 307
 308 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/04/">April (7)</a></li>
 309
 310 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/05/">May (1)</a></li>
 311
 312 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 313
 314 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/07/">July (2)</a></li>
 315
 316 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/08/">August (2)</a></li>
 317
 318 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/09/">September (5)</a></li>
 319
 320 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/10/">October (6)</a></li>
 321
 322 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 323
 324 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/12/">December (5)</a></li>
 325
 326 </ul></li>
 327
 328 <li>2013
 329 <ul>
 330
 331 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/01/">January (11)</a></li>
 332
 333 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/02/">February (9)</a></li>
 334
 335 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/03/">March (9)</a></li>
 336
 337 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/04/">April (6)</a></li>
 338
 339 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/05/">May (9)</a></li>
 340
 341 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/06/">June (10)</a></li>
 342
 343 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/07/">July (7)</a></li>
 344
 345 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/08/">August (3)</a></li>
 346
 347 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/09/">September (5)</a></li>
 348
 349 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/10/">October (7)</a></li>
 350
 351 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/11/">November (9)</a></li>
 352
 353 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/12/">December (3)</a></li>
 354
 355 </ul></li>
 356
 357 <li>2012
 358 <ul>
 359
 360 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/01/">January (7)</a></li>
 361
 362 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/02/">February (10)</a></li>
 363
 364 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/03/">March (17)</a></li>
 365
 366 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/04/">April (12)</a></li>
 367
 368 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/05/">May (12)</a></li>
 369
 370 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/06/">June (20)</a></li>
 371
 372 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/07/">July (17)</a></li>
 373
 374 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/08/">August (6)</a></li>
 375
 376 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/09/">September (9)</a></li>
 377
 378 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/10/">October (17)</a></li>
 379
 380 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/11/">November (10)</a></li>
 381
 382 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/12/">December (7)</a></li>
 383
 384 </ul></li>
 385
 386 <li>2011
 387 <ul>
 388
 389 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/01/">January (16)</a></li>
 390
 391 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/02/">February (6)</a></li>
 392
 393 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/03/">March (6)</a></li>
 394
 395 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/04/">April (7)</a></li>
 396
 397 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/05/">May (3)</a></li>
 398
 399 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 400
 401 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/07/">July (7)</a></li>
 402
 403 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/08/">August (6)</a></li>
 404
 405 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/09/">September (4)</a></li>
 406
 407 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/10/">October (2)</a></li>
 408
 409 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 410
 411 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/12/">December (1)</a></li>
 412
 413 </ul></li>
 414
 415 <li>2010
 416 <ul>
 417
 418 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/01/">January (2)</a></li>
 419
 420 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/02/">February (1)</a></li>
 421
 422 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/03/">March (3)</a></li>
 423
 424 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/04/">April (3)</a></li>
 425
 426 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/05/">May (9)</a></li>
 427
 428 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/06/">June (14)</a></li>
 429
 430 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/07/">July (12)</a></li>
 431
 432 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/08/">August (13)</a></li>
 433
 434 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/09/">September (7)</a></li>
 435
 436 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/10/">October (9)</a></li>
 437
 438 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/11/">November (13)</a></li>
 439
 440 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/12/">December (12)</a></li>
 441
 442 </ul></li>
 443
 444 <li>2009
 445 <ul>
 446
 447 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/01/">January (8)</a></li>
 448
 449 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/02/">February (8)</a></li>
 450
 451 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/03/">March (12)</a></li>
 452
 453 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/04/">April (10)</a></li>
 454
 455 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/05/">May (9)</a></li>
 456
 457 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/06/">June (3)</a></li>
 458
 459 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/07/">July (4)</a></li>
 460
 461 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/08/">August (3)</a></li>
 462
 463 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/09/">September (1)</a></li>
 464
 465 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/10/">October (2)</a></li>
 466
 467 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 468
 469 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/12/">December (3)</a></li>
 470
 471 </ul></li>
 472
 473 <li>2008
 474 <ul>
 475
 476 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/11/">November (5)</a></li>
 477
 478 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/12/">December (7)</a></li>
 479
 480 </ul></li>
 481
 482 </ul>
 483
 484
 485
 486 <h2>Tags</h2>
 487 <ul>
 488
 489  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/3d-printer">3d-printer (16)</a></li>
 490
 491  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/amiga">amiga (1)</a></li>
 492
 493  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/aros">aros (1)</a></li>
 494
 495  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bankid">bankid (4)</a></li>
 496
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 572
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 616
 617 </ul>
 618
 619
 620     </div>
 621     <p style="text-align: right">
 622  Created by <a href="http://steve.org.uk/Software/chronicle">Chronicle v4.6</a>
 623 </p>
 624
 625   </body>
 626 </html>