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  13  <h1>
  14      <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/">Petter Reinholdtsen</a>
  15
  16  </h1>
  17
  18 </div>
  19
  20
  21     <h3>Entries tagged "debian edu".</h3>
  22
  23     <div class="entry">
  24       <div class="title">
  25         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Jessie_based_Debian_Edu_beta_release.html">First Jessie based Debian Edu beta release</a>
  26       </div>
  27       <div class="date">
  28         26th April 2015
  29       </div>
  30       <div class="body">
  31         <p>I am happy to report that the Debian Edu team sent out
  32 <a href="https://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2015/04/msg00000.html">this
  33 announcement today</a>:</p>
  34
  35 <pre>
  36 the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project is pleased to announce the first
  37 *beta* release of Debian Edu "Jessie" 8.0+edu0~b1, which for the first
  38 time is composed entirely of packages from the current Debian stable
  39 release, Debian 8 "Jessie".
  40
  41 (As most reading this will know, Debian "Jessie" hasn't actually been
  42 released by now. The release is still in progress but should finish
  43 later today ;)
  44
  45 We expect to make a final release of Debian Edu "Jessie" in the coming
  46 weeks, timed with the first point release of Debian Jessie. Upgrades
  47 from this beta release of Debian Edu Jessie to the final release will
  48 be possible and encouraged!
  49
  50 Please report feedback to debian-edu@lists.debian.org and/or submit
  51 bugs: http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs
  52
  53 Debian Edu - sometimes also known as "Skolelinux" - is a complete
  54 operating system for schools, universities and other
  55 organisations. Through its pre- prepared installation profiles
  56 administrators can install servers, workstations and laptops which
  57 will work in harmony on the school network.  With Debian Edu, the
  58 teachers themselves or their technical support staff can roll out a
  59 complete multi-user, multi-machine study environment within hours or
  60 days.
  61
  62 Debian Edu is already in use at several hundred schools all over the
  63 world, particularly in Germany, Spain and Norway. Installations come
  64 with hundreds of applications pre-installed, plus the whole Debian
  65 archive of thousands of compatible packages within easy reach.
  66
  67 For those who want to give Debian Edu Jessie a try, download and
  68 installation instructions are available, including detailed
  69 instructions in the manual explaining the first steps, such as setting
  70 up a network or adding users.  Please note that the password for the
  71 user your prompted for during installation must have a length of at
  72 least 5 characters!
  73
  74 == Where to download ==
  75
  76 A multi-architecture CD / usbstick image (649 MiB) for network booting
  77 can be downloaded at the following locations:
  78
  79     http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~b1-CD.iso
  80     rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~b1-CD.iso .
  81
  82 The SHA1SUM of this image is: 54a524d16246cddd8d2cfd6ea52f2dd78c47ee0a
  83
  84 Alternatively an extended DVD / usbstick image (4.9 GiB) is also
  85 available, with more software included (saving additional download
  86 time):
  87
  88     http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~b1-USB.iso
  89     rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~b1-USB.iso
  90
  91 The SHA1SUM of this image is: fb1f1504a490c077a48653898f9d6a461cb3c636
  92
  93 Sources are available from the Debian archive, see
  94 http://ftp.debian.org/debian-cd/8.0.0/source/ for some download
  95 options.
  96
  97 == Debian Edu Jessie manual in seven languages ==
  98
  99 Please see https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie/ for
 100 the English version of the Debian Edu jessie manual.
 101
 102 This manual has been fully translated to German, French, Italian,
 103 Danish, Dutch and Norwegian Bokmål. A partly translated version exists
 104 for Spanish.  See http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/ for
 105 online version of the translated manual.
 106
 107 More information about Debian 8 "Jessie" itself is provided in the
 108 release notes and the installation manual:
 109 - http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/releasenotes
 110 - http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/installmanual
 111
 112
 113 == Errata / known problems ==
 114
 115     It takes up to 15 minutes for a changed hostname to be updated via
 116     DHCP (#780461).
 117
 118     The hostname script fails to update LTSP server hostname (#783087).
 119
 120 Workaround: run update-hostname-from-ip on the client to update the
 121 hostname immediately.
 122
 123 Check https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie for a possibly
 124 more current and complete list.
 125
 126 == Some more details about Debian Edu 8.0+edu0~b1 Codename Jessie released 2015-04-25 ==
 127
 128 === Software updates ===
 129
 130 Everything which is new in Debian 8 Jessie, e.g.:
 131
 132  * Linux kernel 3.16.7-ctk9; for the i386 architecture, support for
 133    i486 processors has been dropped; oldest supported ones: i586 (like
 134    Intel Pentium and AMD K5).
 135
 136  * Desktop environments KDE Plasma Workspaces 4.11.13, GNOME 3.14,
 137    Xfce 4.12, LXDE 0.5.6
 138    * new optional desktop environment: MATE 1.8
 139    * KDE Plasma Workspaces is installed by default; to choose one of
 140      the others see the manual.
 141  * the browsers Iceweasel 31 ESR and Chromium 41
 142  * LibreOffice 4.3.3
 143  * GOsa 2.7.4
 144  * LTSP 5.5.4
 145  * CUPS print system 1.7.5
 146  * new boot framework: systemd
 147  * Educational toolbox GCompris 14.12
 148  * Music creator Rosegarden 14.02
 149  * Image editor Gimp 2.8.14
 150  * Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.13.1
 151  * golearn 0.9
 152  * tuxpaint 0.9.22
 153  * New version of debian-installer from Debian Jessie.
 154  * Debian Jessie includes about 43000 packages available for installation.
 155  * More information about Debian 8 Jessie is provided in its release
 156    notes and the installation manual, see the link above.
 157
 158 === Installation changes ===
 159
 160     Installations done via PXE now also install firmware automatically
 161     for the hardware present.
 162
 163 === Fixed bugs ===
 164
 165 A number of bugs have been fixed in this release; the most noticeable
 166 from a user perspective:
 167
 168  * Inserting incorrect DNS information in Gosa will no longer break
 169    DNS completely, but instead stop DNS updates until the incorrect
 170    information is corrected (710362)
 171
 172  * shutdown-at-night now shuts the system down if gdm3 is used (775608).
 173
 174 === Sugar desktop removed ===
 175
 176 As the Sugar desktop was removed from Debian Jessie, it is also not
 177 available in Debian Edu jessie.
 178
 179
 180 == About Debian Edu / Skolelinux ==
 181
 182 Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux, is a Linux distribution based on
 183 Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
 184 configured school network. Directly after installation a school server
 185 running all services needed for a school network is set up just
 186 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
 187 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
 188 initial installation of the main server from CD or USB stick all other
 189 machines can be installed via the network. The provided school server
 190 provides LDAP database and Kerberos authentication service,
 191 centralized home directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other
 192 services.  The desktop contains more than 60 educational software
 193 packages and more are available from the Debian archive, and schools
 194 can choose between KDE, GNOME, LXDE, Xfce and MATE desktop
 195 environment.
 196
 197 == About Debian ==
 198
 199 The Debian Project was founded in 1993 by Ian Murdock to be a truly
 200 free community project. Since then the project has grown to be one of
 201 the largest and most influential open source projects. Thousands of
 202 volunteers from all over the world work together to create and
 203 maintain Debian software. Available in 70 languages, and supporting a
 204 huge range of computer types, Debian calls itself the universal
 205 operating system.
 206
 207 == Thanks ==
 208
 209 Thanks to everyone making Debian and Debian Edu / Skolelinux happen!
 210 You rock.
 211 </pre>
 212
 213       </div>
 214       <div class="tags">
 215
 216
 217         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 218
 219
 220       </div>
 221     </div>
 222     <div class="padding"></div>
 223
 224     <div class="entry">
 225       <div class="title">
 226         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Shirish_Agarwal.html">Debian Edu interview: Shirish Agarwal</a>
 227       </div>
 228       <div class="date">
 229         15th April 2015
 230       </div>
 231       <div class="body">
 232         <p>It was a surprise to me to learn that project to create a complete
 233 computer system for schools I've involved in,
 234 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>, was
 235 being used in India.  But apparently it is, and I managed to get an
 236 interview with one of the friends of the project there, Shirish
 237 Agarwal.</p>
 238
 239 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
 240
 241 <p>My name is Shirish Agarwal. Based out of the educational and
 242 historical city of Pune, from the western state of Maharashtra, India.
 243 My bread comes from giving training, giving policy tips,
 244 installations on free software to mom and pop shops in different
 245 fields from Desktop publishing to retail shops as well as work with
 246 few software start-ups as well.</p>
 247
 248 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
 249 project?</strong></p>
 250
 251 <p>It started innocently enough. I have been using Debian for a few
 252 years and in one local minidebconf / debutsav I was asked if there was
 253 anything for schools or education. I had worked / played with free
 254 educational softwares such as Gcompris and Stellarium for my many
 255 nieces and nephews so researched and found Debian Edu or Skolelinux as
 256 it was known then.  Since then I have started using the various
 257 education meta-packages provided by the project.</p>
 258
 259 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 260 Edu?</strong></p>
 261
 262 <p>It's closest I have seen where a package full of educational
 263 software are packed, which are free and open (both literally and
 264 figuratively).  Even if I take the simplest software which is
 265 gcompris, the number of activities therein are amazing. Another one of
 266 the softwares that I have liked for a long time is stellarium. Even
 267 pysycache is cool except for couple of issues I encountered
 268 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/781841">#781841</a> and
 269 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/781842">#781842</a>.</p>
 270
 271 <p>I prefer software installed on the system over web based solutions,
 272 as a web site can disappear any time but the software on disk has the
 273 possibility of a larger life span.  Of course with both it's more a
 274 question if it has enough users who make it fun or sustainable or both
 275 for the developer per-se.</p>
 276
 277 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 278 Edu?</strong></p>
 279
 280 <p>I do see that the Debian Edu team seems to be short-handed and I
 281 think more efforts should be made to make it popular and ask and take
 282 help from people and the larger community wherever possible.</p>
 283
 284 <p>I don't see any disadvantage to use Skolelinux apart from the fact
 285 that most apps. are generic which is good or bad how you see it.
 286 However, saying that I do acknowledge the fact that the canvas is
 287 pretty big and there are lot of interesting ideas that could be done
 288 but for reasons not known not done or if done I don't know about them.
 289 Let me share some of the ideas (these are more upstream based but
 290 still) I have had for a long time :</p>
 291
 292 <p>1. Classical maths question of two trains in opposing directions
 293 each running @x kmph/mph at y distance, when they will meet and how
 294 far would each travel and similar questions like these.
 295
 296 <p>The computer is a fantastic system where questions like these can
 297 be drawn, animated and the methodology and answers teased out in
 298 interactive manner. While sites such as the
 299 <a href="http://mathforum.org/dr.math/faq/faq.two.trains.html">Ask
 300 Dr. Math FAQ on The Two Trains problem</a> (as an example or point of
 301 inspiration) can be used there is lot more that can be done.  I dunno
 302 if there is a free software which does something like this.  The idea
 303 being a blend of objects + animation + interaction which does
 304 this. The whole interaction could be gamified with points or sounds or
 305 colourful celebration whenever the user gets even part of the question
 306 or/and methodology right. That would help reinforce good behaviour.
 307 This understanding could be used to share/showcase everything from how
 308 the first wheel came to be, to evolution to how astronomy started,
 309 psychics and everything in-between.</p>
 310
 311 <p>One specific idea in the train part was having the Linux mascot on
 312 one train and the BSD or GNU mascot on the other train and they
 313 meeting somewhere in-between. Characters from blender movies could
 314 also be used.</p>
 315
 316 <p>2. Loads of crossword-puzzles with reference to subjects: We have
 317 enormous data sets in Wikipedia and Wikitionary.  I don't think it
 318 should be a big job to design crossword puzzles. Using categories and
 319 sub-categories it should be doable to have Q&A single word answers
 320 from the existing data-sets. What would make it easy or hard could be
 321 the length of the word + existence of many or few vowels depending on
 322 the user's input.</p>
 323
 324 <p>3. Jigsaw puzzles - We already have a great software called
 325 palapeli with number of slicers making it pretty interesting. What
 326 needs to be done is to download large number of public domain and
 327 copyleft images, tease and use IPTC tags to categorise them into
 328 nature, history etc.  and let it loose. This could turn to be really
 329 huge collection of images. One source could be taken from
 330 commons.wikimedia.org, others could be huge collection of royalty-free
 331 stock photos. Potential is immense.</p>
 332
 333 <p>Apart from this, free software suffers in two directions, we lag
 334 both in development (of using new features per-se) and maintenance a
 335 lot.  This is more so in educational software as these applications
 336 need to be timely and the opportunity cost of missing deadlines is
 337 immense. If we are able to solve issues of funding for development and
 338 maintenance of such software I don't see any big difficulties. I know
 339 of few start-ups in and around India who would love to develop and
 340 maintain such software if funding issues could be solved.</p>
 341
 342 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
 343
 344 <p>That would be huge list. Some of the softwares are obviously apt,
 345 aptitude, debdelta, leafpad, the shell of course (zsh nowadays),
 346 quassel for IRC. In games I use shisen-sho while card-games are evenly
 347 between kpat and Aiselriot.  In desktops it's a tie between
 348 gnome-flashback and mate.</p>
 349
 350 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
 351 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
 352
 353 <p>I think it should first start with using specific FOSS apps. in
 354 whatever environment they are. If it's MS-Windows or Mac so be it.
 355 Once they are habitual with the apps. and there is buy-in from the
 356 school management then it could be installed anywhere. Most of the
 357 people now understand the concept of a repository because of the
 358 various online stores so it isn't hard to convince on that front.</p>
 359
 360 <p>What is harder is having enough people with technical skills and
 361 passion to service them. If you get buy-in from one or two teachers
 362 then ideas like above could also be asked to be done as a project as
 363 well.</p>
 364
 365 <p>I think where we fall short more than anything is in marketing. For
 366 instance, Debian has this whole range of fonts in its archive but
 367 there isn't even a page where all those different fonts in the La
 368 Ipsum format could be tried out for newcomers.</p>
 369
 370 <p>One of the issues faced constantly in installations is with updates
 371 and upgrades.  People have this myth that each update and upgrade
 372 means the user interface will / has to change. I have seen this
 373 innumerable times.  That perhaps is one of the reasons which browsers
 374 like Iceweasel / Firefox change user interfaces so much, not because
 375 it might be needed or be functional but because people believe that
 376 changed user interfaces are better. This, can easily be pointed with
 377 the user interfaces changed with almost every MS-Windows and Mac OS
 378 releases.</p>
 379
 380 <p>The problems with Debian Edu for deployment are many. The biggest
 381 is the huge gap between what is taught in schools and what Debian Edu
 382 is aimed at.
 383
 384 <p>Me and my friends did teach on week-ends in a government school for
 385 around 2 years, and
 386 <a href="https://flossexperiences.wordpress.com/2012/10/08/sharings/">gathered
 387 some experience</a> there.  Some of the things we learnt/discovered
 388 there was :</p>
 389
 390 <ol>
 391
 392   <li>Most of the teachers are very territorial about their subjects
 393    and they do not want you to teach anything out of the
 394    portion/syllabus given.</li>
 395
 396   <li>They want any activity on the system in accordance to whatever
 397    is in the syllabus.</li>
 398
 399   <li>There are huge barriers both with the English language and at
 400    times with objects or whatever. An example, let's say in gcompris
 401    you have objects falling down and you have to name them and let's
 402    say the falling object is a hat or a fedora hat, this would not be
 403    as recognizable as say a
 404    <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puneri_Pagadi">Puneri
 405    Pagdi</a> so there is need to inject local objects, words wherever
 406    possible. Especially for word-games there are so many hindi words
 407    which have become part of english vocabulary (for instance in
 408    parley), those could be made into a hinglish collection or
 409    something but that is something for upstream to do.</li>
 410
 411 </ol>
 412
 413       </div>
 414       <div class="tags">
 415
 416
 417         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
 418
 419
 420       </div>
 421     </div>
 422     <div class="padding"></div>
 423
 424     <div class="entry">
 425       <div class="title">
 426         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Jessie_based_Debian_Edu_released__alpha0_.html">First Jessie based Debian Edu released (alpha0)</a>
 427       </div>
 428       <div class="date">
 429         27th October 2014
 430       </div>
 431       <div class="body">
 432         <p>I am happy to report that I on behalf of the Debian Edu team just
 433 sent out
 434 <a href="https://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2014/10/msg00000.html">this
 435 announcement</a>:</p>
 436
 437 <pre>
 438 The Debian Edu Team is pleased to announce the release of Debian Edu
 439 Jessie 8.0+edu0~alpha0
 440
 441 Debian Edu is a complete operating system for schools. Through its
 442 various installation profiles you can install servers, workstations
 443 and laptops which will work together on the school network. With
 444 Debian Edu, the teachers themselves or their technical support can
 445 roll out a complete multi-user multi-machine study environment within
 446 hours or a few days. Debian Edu comes with hundreds of applications
 447 pre-installed, but you can always add more packages from Debian.
 448
 449 For those who want to give Debian Edu Jessie a try, download and
 450 installation instructions are available, including detailed
 451 instructions in the manual[1] explaining the first steps, such as
 452 setting up a network or adding users. Please note that the password
 453 for the user your prompted for during installation must have a length
 454 of at least 5 characters!
 455
 456  [1] &lt;URL: <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie">https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie</a> &gt;
 457
 458 Would you like to give your school's computer a longer life? Are you
 459 tired of sneaker administration, running from computer to computer
 460 reinstalling the operating system? Would you like to administrate all
 461 the computers in your school using only a couple of hours every week?
 462 Check out Debian Edu Jessie!
 463
 464 Skolelinux is used by at least two hundred schools all over the world,
 465 mostly in Germany and Norway.
 466
 467 About Debian Edu and Skolelinux
 468 ===============================
 469
 470 Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux[2], is a Linux distribution based
 471 on Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
 472 configured school network. Immediately after installation a school
 473 server running all services needed for a school network is set up just
 474 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
 475 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
 476 initial installation of the main server from CD or USB stick all other
 477 machines can be installed via the network.  The provided school server
 478 provides LDAP database and Kerberos authentication service,
 479 centralized home directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other
 480 services.  The desktop contains more than 60 educational software
 481 packages[3] and more are available from the Debian archive, and
 482 schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE, Xfce and MATE desktop
 483 environment.
 484
 485  [2] &lt;URL: <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">http://www.skolelinux.org/</a> &gt;
 486  [3] &lt;URL: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html</a> &gt;
 487
 488 Full release notes and manual
 489 =============================
 490
 491 Below the download URLs there is a list of some of the new features
 492 and bugfixes of Debian Edu 8.0+edu0~alpha0 Codename Jessie. The full
 493 list is part of the manual. (See the feature list in the manual[4] for
 494 the English version.) For some languages manual translations are
 495 available, see the manual translation overview[5].
 496
 497  [4] &lt;URL: <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie/Features">https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie/Features</a> &gt;
 498  [5] &lt;URL: <a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/">http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/</a> &gt;
 499
 500 Where to get it
 501 ---------------
 502
 503 To download the multiarch netinstall CD release (624 MiB) you can use
 504
 505  * <a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso</a>
 506  * <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso</a>
 507  * rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso .
 508
 509 The SHA1SUM of this image is: 361188818e036ce67280a572f757de82ebfeb095
 510
 511 New features for Debian Edu 8.0+edu0~alpha0 Codename Jessie released 2014-10-27
 512 ===============================================================================
 513
 514
 515 Installation changes
 516 --------------------
 517
 518  * PXE installation now installs firmware automatically for the hardware present.
 519
 520 Software updates
 521 ----------------
 522
 523 Everything which is new in Debian Jessie 8.0, eg:
 524
 525  * Linux kernel 3.16.x
 526  * Desktop environments KDE "Plasma" 4.11.12, GNOME 3.14, Xfce 4.10,
 527    LXDE 0.5.6 and MATE 1.8 (KDE "Plasma" is installed by default; to
 528    choose one of the others see manual.)
 529  * the browsers Iceweasel 31 ESR and Chromium 38
 530  * !LibreOffice 4.3.3
 531  * GOsa 2.7.4
 532  * LTSP 5.5.4
 533  * CUPS print system 1.7.5
 534  * new boot framework: systemd
 535  * Educational toolbox GCompris 14.07
 536  * Music creator Rosegarden 14.02
 537  * Image editor Gimp 2.8.14
 538  * Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.13.0
 539  * golearn 0.9
 540  * tuxpaint 0.9.22
 541  * New version of debian-installer from Debian Jessie.
 542  * Debian Jessie includes about 42000 packages available for
 543    installation.
 544  * More information about Debian Jessie 8.0 is provided in the release
 545    notes[6] and the installation manual[7].
 546
 547  [6] &lt;URL: <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/releasenotes">http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/releasenotes</a> &gt;
 548  [7] &lt;URL: <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/installmanual">http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/installmanual</a> &gt;
 549
 550 Fixed bugs
 551 ----------
 552
 553  * Inserting incorrect DNS information in Gosa will no longer break
 554    DNS completely, but instead stop DNS updates until the incorrect
 555    information is corrected (Debian bug #710362)
 556  * and many others.
 557
 558 Documentation and translation updates
 559 -------------------------------------
 560
 561  * The Debian Edu Jessie Manual is fully translated to German, French,
 562    Italian, Danish and Dutch. Partly translated versions exist for
 563    Norwegian Bokmal and Spanish.
 564
 565 Other changes
 566 -------------
 567
 568  * Due to new Squid settings, powering off or rebooting the main
 569    server takes more time.
 570  * To manage printers localhost:631 has to be used, currently www:631
 571    doesn't work.
 572
 573 Regressions / known problems
 574 ----------------------------
 575
 576  * Installing LTSP chroot fails with a bug related to eatmydata about
 577    exim4-config failing to run its postinst (see Debian bug #765694
 578    and Debian bug #762103).
 579  * Munin collection is not properly configured on clients (Debian bug
 580    #764594).  The fix is available in a newer version of munin-node.
 581  * PXE setup for Main Server and Thin Client Server setup does not
 582    work when installing on a machine without direct Internet access.
 583    Will be fixed when Debian bug #766960 is fixed in Jessie.
 584
 585 See the status page[8] for the complete list.
 586
 587  [8] &lt;URL: <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie">https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie</a> &gt;
 588
 589 How to report bugs
 590 ------------------
 591
 592 &lt;URL: <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a> &gt;
 593
 594 About Debian
 595 ============
 596
 597 The Debian Project was founded in 1993 by Ian Murdock to be a truly
 598 free community project. Since then the project has grown to be one of
 599 the largest and most influential open source projects. Thousands of
 600 volunteers from all over the world work together to create and
 601 maintain Debian software. Available in 70 languages, and supporting a
 602 huge range of computer types, Debian calls itself the universal
 603 operating system.
 604
 605 Contact Information
 606 For further information, please visit the Debian web pages[9] or send
 607 mail to press@debian.org.
 608
 609  [9] &lt;URL: <a href="http://www.debian.org/">http://www.debian.org/</a> &gt;
 610 </pre>
 611
 612       </div>
 613       <div class="tags">
 614
 615
 616         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 617
 618
 619       </div>
 620     </div>
 621     <div class="padding"></div>
 622
 623     <div class="entry">
 624       <div class="title">
 625         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_test_Debian_Edu_Jessie_despite_some_fatal_problems_with_the_installer.html">How to test Debian Edu Jessie despite some fatal problems with the installer</a>
 626       </div>
 627       <div class="date">
 628         26th September 2014
 629       </div>
 630       <div class="body">
 631         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
 632 project</a> provide a Linux solution for schools, including a
 633 powerful desktop with education software, a central server providing
 634 web pages, user database, user home directories, central login and PXE
 635 boot of both  clients without disk and the installation to install Debian
 636 Edu on machines with disk (and a few other services perhaps to small
 637 to mention here).  We in the Debian Edu team are currently working on
 638 the Jessie based version, trying to get everything in shape before the
 639 freeze, to avoid having to maintain our own package repository in the
 640 future.  The
 641 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie">current
 642 status</a> can be seen on the Debian wiki, and there is still heaps of
 643 work left.  Some fatal problems block testing, breaking the installer,
 644 but it is possible to work around these to get anyway.  Here is a
 645 recipe on how to get the installation limping along.</p>
 646
 647 <p>First, download the test ISO via
 648 <a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.no/cd-edu-testing-nolocal-netinst/debian-edu-amd64-i386-NETINST-1.iso">ftp</a>,
 649 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.no/cd-edu-testing-nolocal-netinst/debian-edu-amd64-i386-NETINST-1.iso">http</a>
 650 or rsync (use
 651 ftp.skolelinux.org::cd-edu-testing-nolocal-netinst/debian-edu-amd64-i386-NETINST-1.iso).
 652 The ISO build was broken on Tuesday, so we do not get a new ISO every
 653 12 hours or so, but thankfully the ISO we already got we are able to
 654 install with some tweaking.</p>
 655
 656 <p>When you get to the Debian Edu profile question, go to tty2
 657 (use Alt-Ctrl-F2), run</p>
 658
 659 <p><blockquote><pre>
 660 nano /usr/bin/edu-eatmydata-install
 661 </pre></blockquote></p>
 662
 663 <p>and add 'exit 0' as the second line, disabling the eatmydata
 664 optimization.  Return to the installation, select the profile you want
 665 and continue.  Without this change, exim4-config will fail to install
 666 due to a known bug in eatmydata.</p>
 667
 668 <p>When you get the grub question at the end, answer /dev/sda (or if
 669 this do not work, figure out what your correct value would be.  All my
 670 test machines need /dev/sda, so I have no advice if it do not fit
 671 your need.</p>
 672
 673 <p>If you installed a profile including a graphical desktop, log in as
 674 root after the initial boot from hard drive, and install the
 675 education-desktop-XXX metapackage.  XXX can be kde, gnome, lxde, xfce
 676 or mate.  If you want several desktop options, install more than one
 677 metapackage.  Once this is done, reboot and you should have a working
 678 graphical login screen.  This workaround should no longer be needed
 679 once the education-tasks package version 1.801 enter testing in two
 680 days.</p>
 681
 682 <p>I believe the ISO build will start working on two days when the new
 683 tasksel package enter testing and Steve McIntyre get a chance to
 684 update the debian-cd git repository.  The eatmydata, grub and desktop
 685 issues are already fixed in unstable and testing, and should show up
 686 on the ISO as soon as the ISO build start working again.  Well the
 687 eatmydata optimization is really just disabled.  The proper fix
 688 require an upload by the eatmydata maintainer applying the patch
 689 provided in bug <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/702711">#702711</a>.
 690 The rest have proper fixes in unstable.</p>
 691
 692 <p>I hope this get you going with the installation testing, as we are
 693 quickly running out of time trying to get our Jessie based
 694 installation ready before the distribution freeze in a month.</p>
 695
 696       </div>
 697       <div class="tags">
 698
 699
 700         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 701
 702
 703       </div>
 704     </div>
 705     <div class="padding"></div>
 706
 707     <div class="entry">
 708       <div class="title">
 709         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Speeding_up_the_Debian_installer_using_eatmydata_and_dpkg_divert.html">Speeding up the Debian installer using eatmydata and dpkg-divert</a>
 710       </div>
 711       <div class="date">
 712         16th September 2014
 713       </div>
 714       <div class="body">
 715         <p>The <a href="https://www.debian.org/">Debian</a> installer could be
 716 a lot quicker.  When we install more than 2000 packages in
 717 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a> using
 718 tasksel in the installer, unpacking the binary packages take forever.
 719 A part of the slow I/O issue was discussed in
 720 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/613428">bug #613428</a> about too
 721 much file system sync-ing done by dpkg, which is the package
 722 responsible for unpacking the binary packages.  Other parts (like code
 723 executed by postinst scripts) might also sync to disk during
 724 installation.  All this sync-ing to disk do not really make sense to
 725 me.  If the machine crash half-way through, I start over, I do not try
 726 to salvage the half installed system.  So the failure sync-ing is
 727 supposed to protect against, hardware or system crash, is not really
 728 relevant while the installer is running.</p>
 729
 730 <p>A few days ago, I thought of a way to get rid of all the file
 731 system sync()-ing in a fairly non-intrusive way, without the need to
 732 change the code in several packages.  The idea is not new, but I have
 733 not heard anyone propose the approach using dpkg-divert before.  It
 734 depend on the small and clever package
 735 <a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/eatmydata">eatmydata</a>, which
 736 uses LD_PRELOAD to replace the system functions for syncing data to
 737 disk with functions doing nothing, thus allowing programs to live
 738 dangerous while speeding up disk I/O significantly.  Instead of
 739 modifying the implementation of dpkg, apt and tasksel (which are the
 740 packages responsible for selecting, fetching and installing packages),
 741 it occurred to me that we could just divert the programs away, replace
 742 them with a simple shell wrapper calling
 743 "eatmydata&nbsp;$program&nbsp;$@", to get the same effect.
 744 Two days ago I decided to test the idea, and wrapped up a simple
 745 implementation for the Debian Edu udeb.</p>
 746
 747 <p>The effect was stunning.  In my first test it reduced the running
 748 time of the pkgsel step (installing tasks) from 64 to less than 44
 749 minutes (20 minutes shaved off the installation) on an old Dell
 750 Latitude D505 machine.  I am not quite sure what the optimised time
 751 would have been, as I messed up the testing a bit, causing the debconf
 752 priority to get low enough for two questions to pop up during
 753 installation.  As soon as I saw the questions I moved the installation
 754 along, but do not know how long the question were holding up the
 755 installation.  I did some more measurements using Debian Edu Jessie,
 756 and got these results.  The time measured is the time stamp in
 757 /var/log/syslog between the "pkgsel: starting tasksel" and the
 758 "pkgsel: finishing up" lines, if you want to do the same measurement
 759 yourself.  In Debian Edu, the tasksel dialog do not show up, and the
 760 timing thus do not depend on how quickly the user handle the tasksel
 761 dialog.</p>
 762
 763 <p><table>
 764
 765 <tr>
 766 <th>Machine/setup</th>
 767 <th>Original tasksel</th>
 768 <th>Optimised tasksel</th>
 769 <th>Reduction</th>
 770 </tr>
 771
 772 <tr>
 773 <td>Latitude D505 Main+LTSP LXDE</td>
 774 <td>64 min (07:46-08:50)</td>
 775 <td><44 min (11:27-12:11)</td>
 776 <td>>20 min 18%</td>
 777 </tr>
 778
 779 <tr>
 780 <td>Latitude D505 Roaming LXDE</td>
 781 <td>57 min (08:48-09:45)</td>
 782 <td>34 min (07:43-08:17)</td>
 783 <td>23 min 40%</td>
 784 </tr>
 785
 786 <tr>
 787 <td>Latitude D505 Minimal</td>
 788 <td>22 min (10:37-10:59)</td>
 789 <td>11 min (11:16-11:27)</td>
 790 <td>11 min 50%</td>
 791 </tr>
 792
 793 <tr>
 794 <td>Thinkpad X200 Minimal</td>
 795 <td>6 min (08:19-08:25)</td>
 796 <td>4 min (08:04-08:08)</td>
 797 <td>2 min 33%</td>
 798 </tr>
 799
 800 <tr>
 801 <td>Thinkpad X200 Roaming KDE</td>
 802 <td>19 min (09:21-09:40)</td>
 803 <td>15 min (10:25-10:40)</td>
 804 <td>4 min 21%</td>
 805 </tr>
 806
 807 </table></p>
 808
 809 <p>The test is done using a netinst ISO on a USB stick, so some of the
 810 time is spent downloading packages.  The connection to the Internet
 811 was 100Mbit/s during testing, so downloading should not be a
 812 significant factor in the measurement.  Download typically took a few
 813 seconds to a few minutes, depending on the amount of packages being
 814 installed.</p>
 815
 816 <p>The speedup is implemented by using two hooks in
 817 <a href="https://www.debian.org/devel/debian-installer/">Debian
 818 Installer</a>, the pre-pkgsel.d hook to set up the diverts, and the
 819 finish-install.d hook to remove the divert at the end of the
 820 installation.  I picked the pre-pkgsel.d hook instead of the
 821 post-base-installer.d hook because I test using an ISO without the
 822 eatmydata package included, and the post-base-installer.d hook in
 823 Debian Edu can only operate on packages included in the ISO.  The
 824 negative effect of this is that I am unable to activate this
 825 optimization for the kernel installation step in d-i.  If the code is
 826 moved to the post-base-installer.d hook, the speedup would be larger
 827 for the entire installation.</p>
 828
 829 <p>I've implemented this in the
 830 <a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/debian-edu-install">debian-edu-install</a>
 831 git repository, and plan to provide the optimization as part of the
 832 Debian Edu installation.  If you want to test this yourself, you can
 833 create two files in the installer (or in an udeb).  One shell script
 834 need do go into /usr/lib/pre-pkgsel.d/, with content like this:</p>
 835
 836 <p><blockquote><pre>
 837 #!/bin/sh
 838 set -e
 839 . /usr/share/debconf/confmodule
 840 info() {
 841     logger -t my-pkgsel "info: $*"
 842 }
 843 error() {
 844     logger -t my-pkgsel "error: $*"
 845 }
 846 override_install() {
 847     apt-install eatmydata || true
 848     if [ -x /target/usr/bin/eatmydata ] ; then
 849         for bin in dpkg apt-get aptitude tasksel ; do
 850             file=/usr/bin/$bin
 851             # Test that the file exist and have not been diverted already.
 852             if [ -f /target$file ] ; then
 853                 info "diverting $file using eatmydata"
 854                 printf "#!/bin/sh\neatmydata $bin.distrib \"\$@\"\n" \
 855                     > /target$file.edu
 856                 chmod 755 /target$file.edu
 857                 in-target dpkg-divert --package debian-edu-config \
 858                     --rename --quiet --add $file
 859                 ln -sf ./$bin.edu /target$file
 860             else
 861                 error "unable to divert $file, as it is missing."
 862             fi
 863         done
 864     else
 865         error "unable to find /usr/bin/eatmydata after installing the eatmydata pacage"
 866     fi
 867 }
 868
 869 override_install
 870 </pre></blockquote></p>
 871
 872 <p>To clean up, another shell script should go into
 873 /usr/lib/finish-install.d/ with code like this:
 874
 875 <p><blockquote><pre>
 876 #! /bin/sh -e
 877 . /usr/share/debconf/confmodule
 878 error() {
 879     logger -t my-finish-install "error: $@"
 880 }
 881 remove_install_override() {
 882     for bin in dpkg apt-get aptitude tasksel ; do
 883         file=/usr/bin/$bin
 884         if [ -x /target$file.edu ] ; then
 885             rm /target$file
 886             in-target dpkg-divert --package debian-edu-config \
 887                 --rename --quiet --remove $file
 888             rm /target$file.edu
 889         else
 890             error "Missing divert for $file."
 891         fi
 892     done
 893     sync # Flush file buffers before continuing
 894 }
 895
 896 remove_install_override
 897 </pre></blockquote></p>
 898
 899 <p>In Debian Edu, I placed both code fragments in a separate script
 900 edu-eatmydata-install and call it from the pre-pkgsel.d and
 901 finish-install.d scripts.</p>
 902
 903 <p>By now you might ask if this change should get into the normal
 904 Debian installer too?  I suspect it should, but am not sure the
 905 current debian-installer coordinators find it useful enough.  It also
 906 depend on the side effects of the change.  I'm not aware of any, but I
 907 guess we will see if the change is safe after some more testing.
 908 Perhaps there is some package in Debian depending on sync() and
 909 fsync() having effect?  Perhaps it should go into its own udeb, to
 910 allow those of us wanting to enable it to do so without affecting
 911 everyone.</p>
 912
 913 <p>Update 2014-09-24: Since a few days ago, enabling this optimization
 914 will break installation of all programs using gnutls because of
 915 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/702711">bug #702711</a>.  An updated
 916 eatmydata package in Debian will solve it.</p>
 917
 918 <p>Update 2014-10-17: The bug mentioned above is fixed in testing and
 919 the optimization work again.  And I have discovered that the
 920 dpkg-divert trick is not really needed and implemented a slightly
 921 simpler approach as part of the debian-edu-install package.  See
 922 tools/edu-eatmydata-install in the source package.</p>
 923
 924 <p>Update 2014-11-11: Unfortunately, a new
 925 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/765738">bug #765738</a> in eatmydata only
 926 triggering on i386 made it into testing, and broke this installation
 927 optimization again.  If <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/768893">unblock
 928 request 768893</a> is accepted, it should be working again.</p>
 929
 930       </div>
 931       <div class="tags">
 932
 933
 934         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 935
 936
 937       </div>
 938     </div>
 939     <div class="padding"></div>
 940
 941     <div class="entry">
 942       <div class="title">
 943         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Bernd_Zeitzen.html">Debian Edu interview: Bernd Zeitzen</a>
 944       </div>
 945       <div class="date">
 946         31st July 2014
 947       </div>
 948       <div class="body">
 949         <p>The complete and free “out of the box” software solution for
 950 schools, <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
 951 Skolelinux</a>, is used quite a lot in Germany, and one of the people
 952 involved is Bernd Zeitzen, who show up on the project mailing lists
 953 from time to time with interesting questions and tips on how to adjust
 954 the setup.  I managed to interview him this summer.</p>
 955
 956 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
 957
 958 <p>My name is Bernd Zeitzen and I'm married with Hedda, a self
 959 employed physiotherapist.  My former profession is tool maker, but I
 960 haven't worked for 30 years in this job.  30 years ago I started to
 961 support my wife and become her officeworker and a few years later the
 962 administrator for a small computer network, today based on Ubuntu
 963 Server (Samba, OpenVPN). For her daily work she has to use Windows
 964 Desktops because the software she needs to organize her business only
 965 works with Windows . :-(</p>
 966
 967 <p>In 1988 we started with one PC and DOS, then I learned to use
 968 Windows 98, 2000, XP, …, 8, Ubuntu, MacOSX.  Today we are running a
 969 Linux server with 6 Windows clients and 10 persons (teacher of
 970 children with special needs, speech therapist, occupational therapist,
 971 psychologist and officeworkers) using our Samba shares via OpenVPN to
 972 work with the documentations of our patients.</p>
 973
 974 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
 975 project?</strong></p>
 976
 977 <p>Two years ago a friend of mine asked me, if I want to get a job in
 978 his school (<a href="http://www.gymnasium-harsewinkel.de/">Gymnasium
 979 Harsewinkel</a>).  They started with Skolelinux / Debian Edu and they
 980 were looking for people to give support to the teachers using the
 981 software and the network and teaching the pupils increasing their
 982 computer skills in optional lessons.  I'm spending 4-6 hours a week
 983 with this job.</p>
 984
 985 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 986 Edu?</strong></p>
 987
 988 <p>The independence.</p>
 989
 990 <p>First: Every person is allowed to use, share and develop the
 991 software. Even if you are poor, you are allowed to use the software
 992 included in Skolelinux/Debian Edu and all the other Free Software.</p>
 993
 994 <p>Second: The software runs on old machines and this gives us the
 995 possibility to recycle computers, weeded out from offices.  The
 996 servers and desktops are running for more than two years and they are
 997 working reliable. </p>
 998
 999 <p>We have two servers (one tjener and one terminal server), 45
1000 workstations in three classrooms and seven laptops as a mobile
1001 solution for all classrooms.  These machines are all booting from the
1002 terminal server.  In the moment we are installing 30 laptops as mobile
1003 workstations.  Then the pupils have the possibility to work with these
1004 machines in their classrooms.  Internet access is realized by a WLAN
1005 router, connected to the schools network. This is all done without a
1006 dedicated system administrator or a computer science teacher.</p>
1007
1008 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1009 Edu?</strong></p>
1010
1011 <p>Teachers and pupils are Windows users.  &lt;Irony on&gt; And Linux
1012 isn't cool. It's software for freaks using the command line. &lt;Irony
1013 off&gt; They don't realize the stability of the system. </p>
1014
1015 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
1016
1017 <p>Firefox, Thunderbird, LibreOffice, Ubuntu Server 12.04 (Samba,
1018 Apache, MySQL, Joomla!, … and Skolelinux / Debian Edu)</p>
1019
1020 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
1021 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
1022
1023 <p>In Germany we have the situation: every school is free to decide
1024 which software they want to use. This decision is influenced by
1025 teachers who learned to use Windows and MS Office. They buy a PC with
1026 Windows preinstalled and an additional testing version of MS
1027 Office. They don't know about the possibility to use Free Software
1028 instead.  Another problem are the publisher of school books.  They
1029 develop their software, added to the school books, for Windows.</p>
1030
1031       </div>
1032       <div class="tags">
1033
1034
1035         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
1036
1037
1038       </div>
1039     </div>
1040     <div class="padding"></div>
1041
1042     <div class="entry">
1043       <div class="title">
1044         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/From_English_wiki_to_translated_PDF_and_epub_via_Docbook.html">From English wiki to translated PDF and epub via Docbook</a>
1045       </div>
1046       <div class="date">
1047         17th June 2014
1048       </div>
1049       <div class="body">
1050         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
1051 project</a> provide an instruction manual for teachers, system
1052 administrators and other users that contain useful tips for setting up
1053 and maintaining a Debian Edu installation.  This text is about how the
1054 text processing of this manual is handled in the project.</p>
1055
1056 <p>One goal of the project is to provide information in the native
1057 language of its users, and for this we need to handle translations.
1058 But we also want to make sure each language contain the same
1059 information, so for this we need a good way to keep the translations
1060 in sync.  And we want it to be easy for our users to improve the
1061 documentation, avoiding the need to learn special formats or tools to
1062 contribute, and the obvious way to do this is to make it possible to
1063 edit the documentation using a web browser.  We also want it to be
1064 easy for translators to keep the translation up to date, and give them
1065 help in figuring out what need to be translated. Here is the list of
1066 tools and the process we have found trying to reach all these
1067 goals.</p>
1068
1069 <p>We maintain the authoritative source of our manual in the
1070 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/">Debian
1071 wiki</a>, as several wiki pages written in English.  It consist of one
1072 front page with references to the different chapters, several pages
1073 for each chapter, and finally one "collection page" gluing all the
1074 chapters together into one large web page (aka
1075 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/AllInOne">the
1076 AllInOne page</a>).  The AllInOne page is the one used for further
1077 processing and translations.  Thanks to the fact that the
1078 <a href="http://moinmo.in/">MoinMoin</a> installation on
1079 wiki.debian.org support exporting pages in
1080 <a href="http://www.docbook.org/">the Docbook format</a>, we can fetch
1081 the list of pages to export using the raw version of the AllInOne
1082 page, loop over each of them to generate a Docbook XML version of the
1083 manual.  This process also download images and transform image
1084 references to use the locally downloaded images.  The generated
1085 Docbook XML files are slightly broken, so some post-processing is done
1086 using the <tt>documentation/scripts/get_manual</tt> program, and the
1087 result is a nice Docbook XML file (debian-edu-wheezy-manual.xml) and
1088 a handfull of images.  The XML file can now be used to generate PDF, HTML
1089 and epub versions of the English manual.  This is the basic step of
1090 our process, making PDF (using dblatex), HTML (using xsltproc) and
1091 epub (using dbtoepub) version from Docbook XML, and the resulting files
1092 are placed in the debian-edu-doc-en binary package.</p>
1093
1094 <p>But English documentation is not enough for us.  We want translated
1095 documentation too, and we want to make it easy for translators to
1096 track the English original.  For this we use the
1097 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/p/poxml.html">poxml</a> package,
1098 which allow us to transform the English Docbook XML file into a
1099 translation file (a .pot file), usable with the normal gettext based
1100 translation tools used by those translating free software.  The pot
1101 file is used to create and maintain translation files (several .po
1102 files), which the translations update with the native language
1103 translations of all titles, paragraphs and blocks of text in the
1104 original.  The next step is combining the original English Docbook XML
1105 and the translation file (say debian-edu-wheezy-manual.nb.po), to
1106 create a translated Docbook XML file (in this case
1107 debian-edu-wheezy-manual.nb.xml).  This translated (or partly
1108 translated, if the translation is not complete) Docbook XML file can
1109 then be used like the original to create a PDF, HTML and epub version
1110 of the documentation.</p>
1111
1112 <p>The translators use different tools to edit the .po files.  We
1113 recommend using
1114 <a href="http://www.kde.org/applications/development/lokalize/">lokalize</a>,
1115 while some use emacs and vi, others can use web based editors like
1116 <a href="http://pootle.translatehouse.org/">Poodle</a> or
1117 <a href="https://www.transifex.com/">Transifex</a>.  All we care about
1118 is where the .po file end up, in our git repository.  Updated
1119 translations can either be committed directly to git, or submitted as
1120 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/src:debian-edu-doc">bug reports
1121 against the debian-edu-doc package</a>.</p>
1122
1123 <p>One challenge is images, which both might need to be translated (if
1124 they show translated user applications), and are needed in different
1125 formats when creating PDF and HTML versions (epub is a HTML version in
1126 this regard).  For this we transform the original PNG images to the
1127 needed density and format during build, and have a way to provide
1128 translated images by storing translated versions in
1129 images/$LANGUAGECODE/.  I am a bit unsure about the details here.  The
1130 package maintainers know more.</p>
1131
1132 <p>If you wonder what the result look like, we provide
1133 <a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/">the content
1134 of the documentation packages on the web</a>.  See for example the
1135 <a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/it/debian-edu-wheezy-manual.pdf">Italian
1136 PDF version</a> or the
1137 <a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/de/debian-edu-wheezy-manual.html">German
1138 HTML version</a>.  We do not yet build the epub version by default,
1139 but perhaps it will be done in the future.</p>
1140
1141 <p>To learn more, check out
1142 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/d/debian-edu-doc.html">the
1143 debian-edu-doc package</a>,
1144 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/">the
1145 manual on the wiki</a> and
1146 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/Translations">the
1147 translation instructions</a> in the manual.</p>
1148
1149       </div>
1150       <div class="tags">
1151
1152
1153         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1154
1155
1156       </div>
1157     </div>
1158     <div class="padding"></div>
1159
1160     <div class="entry">
1161       <div class="title">
1162         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Roger_Marsal.html">Debian Edu interview: Roger Marsal</a>
1163       </div>
1164       <div class="date">
1165         30th March 2014
1166       </div>
1167       <div class="body">
1168         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
1169 keep gaining new users.  Some weeks ago, a person showed up on IRC,
1170 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/#debian-edu">#debian-edu</a>, with a
1171 wish to contribute, and I managed to get a interview with this great
1172 contributor Roger Marsal to learn more about his background.</p>
1173
1174 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
1175
1176 <p>My name is Roger Marsal, I'm 27 years old (1986 generation) and I
1177 live in Barcelona, Spain. I've got a strong business background and I
1178 work as a patrimony manager and as a real estate agent.  Additionally,
1179 I've co-founded a British based tech company that is nowadays on the
1180 last development phase of a new social networking concept.</p>
1181
1182 <p>I'm a Linux enthusiast that started its journey with Ubuntu four years
1183 ago and have recently switched to Debian seeking rock solid stability
1184 and as a necessary step to gain expertise.</p>
1185
1186 <p>In a nutshell, I spend my days working and learning as much as I
1187 can to face both my job, entrepreneur project and feed my Linux
1188 hunger.</p>
1189
1190 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
1191 project?</strong></p>
1192
1193 <p>I discovered the <a href="http://www.ltsp.org/">LTSP</a> advantages
1194 with "Ubuntu 12.04 alternate install" and after a year of use I
1195 started looking for an alternative.  Even though I highly value and
1196 respect the Ubuntu project, I thought it was necessary for me to
1197 change to a more robust and stable alternative.  As far as I was using
1198 Debian on my personal laptop I thought it would be fine to install
1199 Debian and configure an LTSP server myself.  Surprised, I discovered
1200 that the Debian project also supported a kind of Edubuntu equivalent,
1201 and after having some pain I obtained a Debian Edu network up and
1202 running.  I just loved it.</p>
1203
1204 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1205 Edu?</strong></p>
1206
1207 <p>I found a main advantage in that, once you know "the tips and
1208 tricks", a new installation just works out of the box. It's the most
1209 complete alternative I've found to create an LTSP network. All the
1210 other distributions seems to be made of plastic, Debian Edu seems to
1211 be made of steel.</p>
1212
1213 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1214 Edu?</strong></p>
1215
1216 <p>I found two main disadvantages.</p>
1217
1218 <p>I'm not an expert but I've got notions and I had to spent a considerable
1219 amount of time trying to bring up a standard network topology. I'm quite
1220 stubborn and I just worked until I did but I'm sure many people with few
1221 resources (not big schools, but academies for example) would have switched
1222 or dropped.</p>
1223
1224 <p>It's amazing how such a complex system like Debian Edu has achieved
1225 this out-of-the-box state. Even though tweaking without breaking gets
1226 more difficult, as more factors have to be considered. This can
1227 discourage many people too.</p>
1228
1229 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
1230
1231 <p>I use Debian, Firefox, Okular, Inkscape, LibreOffice and
1232 Virtualbox.</p>
1233
1234
1235 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
1236 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
1237
1238 <p>I don't think there is a need for a particular strategy. The free
1239 attribute in both "freedom" and "no price" meanings is what will
1240 really bring free software to schools. In my experience I can think of
1241 the <a href="http://www.r-project.org/">"R" statistical language</a>; a
1242 few years a ago was an extremely nerd tool for university people.
1243 Today it's being increasingly used to teach statistics at many
1244 different level of studies.  I believe free and open software will
1245 increasingly gain popularity, but I'm sure schools will be one of the
1246 first scenarios where this will happen.</p>
1247
1248       </div>
1249       <div class="tags">
1250
1251
1252         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
1253
1254
1255       </div>
1256     </div>
1257     <div class="padding"></div>
1258
1259     <div class="entry">
1260       <div class="title">
1261         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_add_extra_storage_servers_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux.html">How to add extra storage servers in Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
1262       </div>
1263       <div class="date">
1264         12th March 2014
1265       </div>
1266       <div class="body">
1267         <p>On larger sites, it is useful to use a dedicated storage server for
1268 storing user home directories and data.  The design for handling this
1269 in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>, is
1270 to update the automount rules in LDAP and let the automount daemon on
1271 the clients take care of the rest.  I was reminded about the need to
1272 document this better when one of the customers of
1273 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a>, where I am
1274 on the board of directors, asked about how to do this.  The steps to
1275 get this working are the following:</p>
1276
1277 <p><ol>
1278
1279 <li>Add new storage server in DNS.  I use nas-server.intern as the
1280 example host here.</li>
1281
1282 <li>Add automoun LDAP information about this server in LDAP, to allow
1283 all clients to automatically mount it on reqeust.</li>
1284
1285 <li>Add the relevant entries in tjener.intern:/etc/fstab, because
1286 tjener.intern do not use automount to avoid mounting loops.</li>
1287
1288 </ol></p>
1289
1290 <p>DNS entries are added in GOsa², and not described here.  Follow the
1291 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/GettingStarted">instructions
1292 in the manual</a> (Machine Management with GOsa² in section Getting
1293 started).</p>
1294
1295 <p>Ensure that the NFS export points on the server are exported to the
1296 relevant subnets or machines:</p>
1297
1298 <p><blockquote><pre>
1299 root@tjener:~# showmount -e nas-server
1300 Export list for nas-server:
1301 /storage         10.0.0.0/8
1302 root@tjener:~#
1303 </pre></blockquote></p>
1304
1305 <p>Here everything on the backbone network is granted access to the
1306 /storage export.  With NFSv3 it is slightly better to limit it to
1307 netgroup membership or single IP addresses to have some limits on the
1308 NFS access.</p>
1309
1310 <p>The next step is to update LDAP.  This can not be done using GOsa²,
1311 because it lack a module for automount.  Instead, use ldapvi and add
1312 the required LDAP objects using an editor.</p>
1313
1314 <p><blockquote><pre>
1315 ldapvi --ldap-conf -ZD '(cn=admin)' -b ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
1316 </pre></blockquote></p>
1317
1318 <p>When the editor show up, add the following LDAP objects at the
1319 bottom of the document.  The "/&" part in the last LDAP object is a
1320 wild card matching everything the nas-server exports, removing the
1321 need to list individual mount points in LDAP.</p>
1322
1323 <p><blockquote><pre>
1324 add cn=nas-server,ou=auto.skole,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
1325 objectClass: automount
1326 cn: nas-server
1327 automountInformation: -fstype=autofs --timeout=60 ldap:ou=auto.nas-server,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
1328
1329 add ou=auto.nas-server,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
1330 objectClass: top
1331 objectClass: automountMap
1332 ou: auto.nas-server
1333
1334 add cn=/,ou=auto.nas-server,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
1335 objectClass: automount
1336 cn: /
1337 automountInformation: -fstype=nfs,tcp,rsize=32768,wsize=32768,rw,intr,hard,nodev,nosuid,noatime nas-server.intern:/&
1338 </pre></blockquote></p>
1339
1340 <p>The last step to remember is to mount the relevant mount points in
1341 tjener.intern by adding them to /etc/fstab, creating the mount
1342 directories using mkdir and running "mount -a" to mount them.</p>
1343
1344 <p>When this is done, your users should be able to access the files on
1345 the storage server directly by just visiting the
1346 /tjener/nas-server/storage/ directory using any application on any
1347 workstation, LTSP client or LTSP server.</p>
1348
1349       </div>
1350       <div class="tags">
1351
1352
1353         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>.
1354
1355
1356       </div>
1357     </div>
1358     <div class="padding"></div>
1359
1360     <div class="entry">
1361       <div class="title">
1362         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Dominik_George.html">Debian Edu interview: Dominik George</a>
1363       </div>
1364       <div class="date">
1365         25th December 2013
1366       </div>
1367       <div class="body">
1368         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
1369 project</a> consist of both newcomers and old timers, and this time I
1370 was able to get an interview with a newcomer in the project who showed
1371 up on the IRC channel a few weeks ago to let us know about his
1372 successful installation of Debian Edu Wheezy in his School.  Say hello
1373 to <a href="https://www.ohloh.net/accounts/Natureshadow">Dominik
1374 George</a>.</p>
1375
1376 <!-- http://www.dominik-george.de/images/foto.jpg -->
1377
1378 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
1379
1380 <p>I am a 23 year-old student from Germany who has spent half of his
1381 life with open source. In "real life", I am, as already mentioned, a
1382 student in the fields of Computer Science, Electrical Engineering,
1383 Information Technologies and Anglistics. Due to my (only partially
1384 voluntary) huge engagement in the open source world, these things are
1385 a bit vacant right now however.</p>
1386
1387 <p>I also have been working as a project teacher at a Gymasnium
1388 (public school) for various years now. I took up that work some time
1389 around 2005 when still attending that school myself and have continued
1390 it until today. I also had been running the (kind of very advanced)
1391 network of that school together with a team of very interested and
1392 talented students in the age of 11 to 15 years, who took the chance to
1393 learn a lot about open source and networking before I left the school
1394 to help building another school's informational education concept from
1395 scratch.</p>
1396
1397 <p>That said, one might see me as a kind of "glue" between school kids
1398 and the elderly of teachers as well as between the open source
1399 ecosystem and the (even more complex) educational ecosystem.</p>
1400
1401 <p>When I am not busy with open source or education, I like Geocaching
1402 and cycling.</p>
1403
1404 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
1405 project?</strong></p>
1406
1407 <p>I think that happened some time around 2009 when I first attended
1408 <a href="http://www.froscon.org">FrOSCon</a> and visited the project
1409 booth. I think I wasn't too interested back then because I used to
1410 have an attitude of disliking software that does too much stuff on its
1411 own. Maybe I was too inexperienced to realise the upsides of an
1412 "out-of-the-box" solution ;).</p>
1413
1414 <p>The first time I actively talked to Skolelinux people was at
1415 <a href="http://www.openrheinruhr.de">OpenRheinRuhr</a> 2011 when the
1416 BiscuIT project, a home-grewn software used by my school for various
1417 really cool things from timetables and class contact lists to lunch
1418 ordering, student ID card printing and project elections first got to
1419 a stage where it could have been published. I asked the Skolelinux
1420 guys running the booth if the project were interested in it and gave a
1421 small demonstration, but there wasn't any real feedback and the guys
1422 seemed rather uninterested.</p>
1423
1424 <p>After I left the school where I developed the software, it got
1425 mostly lost, but I am now reimplementing it for my new school. I have
1426 reusability and compatibility in mind, and I hop there will be a new
1427 basis for contributing it to the Skolelinux project ;)!</p>
1428
1429 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1430 Edu?</strong></p>
1431
1432 <p>The most important advantage seems to be that it "just
1433 works". After overcoming some minor (but still very annoying) glitches
1434 in the installer, I got a fully functional, working school network,
1435 without the month-long hassle I experienced when setting all that up
1436 from scratch in earlier years. And above that, it rocked - I didn't
1437 have any real hardware at hand, because the school was just founded
1438 and has no money whatsoever, so I installed a combined server (main
1439 server, terminal services and workstation) in a VM on my personal
1440 notebook, bridging the LTSP network interface to the ethernet port,
1441 and then PXE-booted the Windows notebooks that were lying around from
1442 it. I could use 8 clients without any performance issues, by using a
1443 tiny little VM on a tiny little notebook. I think that's enough to say
1444 that it rocks!</p>
1445
1446 <p>Secondly, there are marketing reasons. Life's bad, and so no
1447 politician will ever permit a setup described as "Debian, an universal
1448 operating system, with some really cool educational tools" while they
1449 will be jsut fine with "Skolelinux, a single-purpose solution for your
1450 school network", even if both turn out to be the very same thing (yes,
1451 this is unfair towards the Skolelinux project, and must not be taken
1452 too seriously - you get the idea, anyway).</p>
1453
1454 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1455 Edu?</strong></p>
1456
1457 <p>I have not been involved with Skolelinux long enough to really
1458 answer this question in a fair way. Thus, please allow me to put it in
1459 other words: "What do you expect from Skolelinux to keep liking it?" I
1460 can list a few points about that:</p>
1461
1462 <ul>
1463
1464  <li>always strive to get all things integrated into Debian upstream
1465  <li>be open to discussion about changes and the like, even with newcomers
1466  <li>be helpful at being helpful ;)
1467
1468 </ul>
1469
1470 <p>I'm really sorry I cannot say much more about that :(!</p>
1471
1472 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
1473
1474 <p>First of all, all software I use is free and open. I have abandoned
1475 all non-free software (except for firmware on my darned phone) this
1476 year.</p>
1477
1478 <p>I run Debian GNU/Linux on all PC systems I use. On that, I mostly
1479 run text tools. I use
1480 <a href="https://www.mirbsd.org/mksh.htm">mksh</a> as shell,
1481 <a href="https://www.mirbsd.org/jupp.htm">jupp</a> as very advanced
1482 text editor (I even got the developer to help me write a script/macro
1483 based full-featured student management software with the two),
1484 <a href="http://mcabber.com/">mcabber</a> for XMPP and
1485 <a href="http://www.irssi.org/">irssi</a> for IRC. For that overly
1486 coloured world called the WWW, I use
1487 <a href="https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/new/">Iceweasel
1488 (Firefox)</a>. Oh, and <a href="http://www.mutt.org/">mutt</a> for
1489 e-mail.</p>
1490
1491 <p>However, while I am personally aware of the fact that text tools
1492 are more efficient and powerful than anything else, I also use (or at
1493 least operate) some tools that are suitable to bring open source to
1494 kids. One of these things is <a href="http://jappix.org/">Jappix</a>,
1495 which I already introduced to some kids even before they got aware of
1496 Facebook, making them see for themselves that they do not need
1497 Facebook now ;).</p>
1498
1499 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
1500 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
1501
1502 <p>Well, that's a two-sided thing. One side is what I believe, and one
1503 side is what I have experienced.</p>
1504
1505 <p>I believe that the right strategy is showing them the benefits. But
1506 that won't work out as long as the acceptance of free alternatives
1507 grows globally. What I mean is that if all the kids are almost forced
1508 to use Windows, Facebook, Skype, you name it at home, they will not
1509 see why they would want to use alternatives at school. I have seen
1510 students take seat in front of a fully-functional, modern Debian
1511 desktop that could do anything their Windows at home could do, and
1512 they jsut refused to use it because "Linux sucks". It is something
1513 that makes the council of our city spend around 600000 € to buy
1514 software - not including hardware, mind you - for operating school
1515 networks, and for installing a system that, as has been proved, does
1516 not work. For those of you readers who are good at maths, have you
1517 already found out how many lives could have been saved with that money
1518 if we had instead used it to bring education to parts of the world
1519 that need it? I have, and found it to be nothing less dramatic than
1520 plain criminal.</p>
1521
1522 <p>That said, the only feasible way appears to be the bottom up
1523 method. We have to bring free software to kids and parents. I have
1524 founded an association named
1525 <a href="https://www.teckids.org">Teckids</a> here in Germany that does
1526 just that. We organise several events for kids and adolescents in the
1527 area of free and open source software, for example the
1528 <a href="http://kids.froscon.org">FrogLabs</a>, which share staff with
1529 Teckids and are the youth programme of
1530 <a href="http://www.froscon.org">the Free and Open Source Software
1531 Conference (FrOSCon)</a>. We do a lot more than most other conferences
1532 - this year, we first offered the FrogLabs as a holiday camp for kids
1533 aged 10 to 16. It was a huge success, with approx. 30 kids taking part
1534 and learning with and about free software through a whole weekend. All
1535 of us had a lot of fun, and the results were really exciting.</p>
1536
1537 <p>Apart from that, we are preparing a campaign that is supposed to bring
1538 the message of free alternatives to stuff kids use every day to them and
1539 their parents, e.g. the use of Jabber / Jappix instead of Facebook and
1540 Skype. To make that possible, we are planning to get together a team of
1541 clever kids who understand very well what their peers need and can bring
1542 it across to them. So we will have a peer-driven network of adolescents
1543 who teach each other and collect feedback from the community of minors.
1544 We then take that feedback and our own experience to work closely with
1545 open source projects, such as Skolelinux or Jappix, at improving their
1546 software in a way that makes it more and more attractive for the target
1547 group. At least I hope that we will have good cooperation with
1548 Skolelinux in the future ;)!</p>
1549
1550 <p>So in conclusion, what I believe is that, if it weren't for the world
1551 being so bad, it should be very clear to the political decision makers
1552 that the only way to go nowadays is free software for various reasons,
1553 but I have learnt that the only way that seems to work is bottom up.</p>
1554
1555 <!--
1556
1557 >  * Who should be interviewed with this questions in the future?
1558
1559 That's probably the hardest question of them all, as I do not know the
1560 community. However, I would be willing to do the following:
1561
1562  <li>Run an interview with a German headteacher who is very open to
1563    free software, and also prefers it, but cannot really use it because
1564    of the decision makers above;
1565  <li>Run interviews with some kids, both with and without previous
1566    knowledge about free software
1567
1568 If that is wanted, just let me know ;).
1569
1570 -->
1571
1572       </div>
1573       <div class="tags">
1574
1575
1576         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
1577
1578
1579       </div>
1580     </div>
1581     <div class="padding"></div>
1582
1583     <div class="entry">
1584       <div class="title">
1585         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Klaus_Knopper.html">Debian Edu interview: Klaus Knopper</a>
1586       </div>
1587       <div class="date">
1588          6th December 2013
1589       </div>
1590       <div class="body">
1591         <p>It has been a while since I managed to publish the last interview,
1592 but the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
1593 Skolelinux</a> community is still going strong, and yesterday we even
1594 had a new school administrator show up on
1595 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/#debian-edu">#debian-edu</a> to share
1596 his success story with installing Debian Edu at their school.  This
1597 time I have been able to get some helpful comments from the creator of
1598 Knoppix, Klaus Knopper, who was involved in a Skolelinux project in
1599 Germany a few years ago.</p>
1600
1601 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
1602
1603 <p>I am Klaus Knopper.  I have a master degree in electrical
1604 engineering, and is currently professor in information management at
1605 the university of applied sciences Kaiserslautern / Germany and
1606 freelance Open Source software developer and consultant.</p>
1607
1608 <p>All of this is pretty much of the work I spend my days with. Apart
1609 from teaching, I'm also conducting some more or less experimental
1610 projects like the <a href="http://www.knoppix.org">Knoppix GNU/Linux live
1611 system</a> (Debian-based like Skolelinux),
1612 <a href="http://www.knopper.net/knoppix-adriane/index-en.html">ADRIANE</a>
1613 (a blind-friendly talking desktop system) and
1614 <a href="http://www.knopper.net/linbo/index-en.html">LINBO</a>
1615 (Linux-based network boot console, a fast remote install and repair
1616 system supporting various operating systems).</p>
1617
1618 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
1619 project?</strong></p>
1620
1621 <p>The credit for this have to go to Kurt Gramlich, who is the German
1622 coordinator for Skolelinux.  We were looking for an all-in-one open
1623 source community-supported distribution for schools, and Kurt
1624 introduced us to Skolelinux for this purpose.</p>
1625
1626 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1627 Edu?</strong></p>
1628
1629 <ul>
1630   <li>Quick installation,</li>
1631   <li>works (almost) out of the box,</li>
1632   <li>contains many useful software packages for teaching and learning,</li>
1633   <li>is a purely community-based distro and not controlled by a
1634     single company,</li>
1635   <li>has a large number of supporters and teachers who share their
1636     experience and problem solutions.</li>
1637 </ul>
1638
1639 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1640 Edu?</strong></p>
1641
1642 <ul>
1643   <li>Skolelinux is - as we had to learn - not easily upgradable to
1644   the next version.  Opposed to its genuine Debian base, upgrading to
1645   a new version means a full new installation from scratch to get it
1646   working again reliably.
1647
1648   <li>Skolelinux is based on Debian/stable, and therefore always a
1649   little outdated in terms of program versions compared to Edubuntu or
1650   similar educational Linux distros, which rather use Debian/testing
1651   as their base.
1652
1653   <li>Skolelinux has some very self-opinionated and stubborn default
1654   configuration which in my opinion adds unnecessary complexity and is
1655   not always suitable for a schools needs, the preset network
1656   configuration is actually a core definition feature of Skolelinux
1657   and not easy to change, so schools sometimes have to change their
1658   network configuration to make it "Skolelinux-compatible".
1659
1660   <li>Some proposed extensions, which were made available as
1661   contribution, like secure examination mode and lecture material
1662   distribution and collection, were not accepted into the mainline
1663   Skolelinux development and are now not easy to maintain in the
1664   future because of Skolelinux somewhat undeterministic update
1665   schemes.</li>
1666
1667   <li>Skolelinux has only a very tiny number of base developers
1668   compared to Debian.</li>
1669
1670 </ul>
1671
1672 <p>For these reasons and experience from our project, I would now
1673 rather consider using plain Debian for schools next time, until
1674 Skolelinux is more closely integrated into Debian and becomes
1675 upgradeable without reinstallation.</p>
1676
1677 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
1678
1679 <p>GNU/Linux with LXDE desktop, bash for interactive dialog and
1680 programming, texlive for documentation and correspondence,
1681 occasionally LibreOffice for document format conversion. Various
1682 programming languages for teaching.</p>
1683
1684 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
1685 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
1686
1687 <p>Strong arguments are</p>
1688
1689 <ul>
1690
1691   <li>Knowledge is free, and so should be methods and tools for
1692     teaching and learning.</li>
1693
1694   <li>Students can learn with and use the same software at school, at
1695     home, and at their working place without running into license or
1696     conversion problems.</li>
1697
1698   <li>Closed source or proprietary software hides knowledge rather
1699     than exposing it, and proprietary software vendors try to bind
1700     customers to certain products.  But teachers need to teach
1701     science, not products.</li>
1702
1703   <li>If you have everything you for daily work as open source, what
1704     would you need proprietary software for?</li>
1705
1706 </ul>
1707
1708       </div>
1709       <div class="tags">
1710
1711
1712         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
1713
1714
1715       </div>
1716     </div>
1717     <div class="padding"></div>
1718
1719     <div class="entry">
1720       <div class="title">
1721         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_7_1_install_and_overview_video_from_Marcelo_Salvador.html">Skolelinux / Debian Edu 7.1 install and overview video from Marcelo Salvador</a>
1722       </div>
1723       <div class="date">
1724          8th October 2013
1725       </div>
1726       <div class="body">
1727         <p>The other day I was pleased and surprised to discover that Marcelo
1728 Salvador had published a
1729 <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w-GgpdqgLFc">video on
1730 Youtube</a> showing how to install the standalone Debian Edu /
1731 Skolelinux profile.  This is the profile intended for use at home or
1732 on laptops that should not be integrated into the provided network
1733 services (no central home directory, no Kerberos / LDAP directory etc,
1734 in other word a single user machine).  The result is 11 minutes long,
1735 and show some user applications (seem to be rather randomly picked).
1736 Missed a few of my favorites like celestia, planets and chromium
1737 showing the <a href="http://www.zygotebody.com/">Zygote Body 3D model
1738 of the human body</a>, but I guess he did not know about those or find
1739 other programs more interesting. :) And the video do not show the
1740 advantages I believe is one of the most valuable featuers in Debian
1741 Edu, its central school server making it possible to run hundreds of
1742 computers without hard drives by installing one central
1743 <a href="http://www.ltsp.org/">LTSP server</a>.</p>
1744
1745 <p>Anyway, check out the video, embedded below and linked to above:</p>
1746
1747 <iframe width="420" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/w-GgpdqgLFc" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
1748
1749 <p>Are there other nice videos demonstrating Skolelinux?  Please let
1750 me know. :)</p>
1751
1752       </div>
1753       <div class="tags">
1754
1755
1756         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
1757
1758
1759       </div>
1760     </div>
1761     <div class="padding"></div>
1762
1763     <div class="entry">
1764       <div class="title">
1765         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Finally__Debian_Edu_Wheezy_is_released_today_.html">Finally, Debian Edu Wheezy is released today!</a>
1766       </div>
1767       <div class="date">
1768         29th September 2013
1769       </div>
1770       <div class="body">
1771         <p>A few hours ago, the announcement for the first stable release of
1772 Debian Edu Wheezy went out from the Debian publicity team.  The
1773 complete announcement text can be found at
1774 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2013/20130928">the Debian News
1775 section</a>, translated to several languages.  Please check it out.</p>
1776
1777 <p>There is one minor known problem that we will fix very soon.  One
1778 can not install a amd64 Thin Client Server using PXE, as the /var/
1779 partition is too small.  A workaround is to extend the partition (use
1780 lvresize + resize2fs in tty 2 while installing).</p>
1781
1782       </div>
1783       <div class="tags">
1784
1785
1786         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1787
1788
1789       </div>
1790     </div>
1791     <div class="padding"></div>
1792
1793     <div class="entry">
1794       <div class="title">
1795         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_and_probably_last_beta_release_of_Debian_Edu_Wheezy.html">Third and probably last beta release of Debian Edu Wheezy</a>
1796       </div>
1797       <div class="date">
1798         16th September 2013
1799       </div>
1800       <div class="body">
1801         <p>The third wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
1802 today.  This is the release announcement from Holger Levsen:</p>
1803
1804 <blockquote>
1805 <p>Hi,</p>
1806
1807 <p>it is my pleasure to announce the third beta release (beta 2 for
1808 short) of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
1809 Skolelinux</a> based on Debian Wheezy!</p>
1810
1811 <p>Please test these images extensivly, if no new problems are found
1812 we plan to do this final Debian Edu Wheezy release this coming
1813 weekend.  We are not aware of any major problems or blockers in beta2,
1814 if you find something, please notify us immediately!</p>
1815
1816 <p>(More about the remaining steps for the Edu Wheezy release in
1817 another mail to the edu list tonight or tomorrow...)</p>
1818
1819 <p>Noteworthy changes and software updates for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b2
1820 compared to beta1:</p>
1821
1822 <ul>
1823
1824 <li>The KDE proxy setup has been adjusted to use the provided wpad.dat. This
1825 also gets Chromium to use this proxy.</li>
1826 <li>Install kdepim-groupware with KDE desktops to make sure korganizer
1827 understand ical/dav sources.</li>
1828 <li>Increased default maximum size of /var/spool/squid and /skole/backup on the
1829 main server.</li>
1830 <li>A source DVD image containing all source packages is now available as well.</li>
1831 <li>Updates for chromium (29.0.1547.57-1~deb7u1), imagemagick
1832 (6.7.7.10-5+deb7u2), php5 (5.4.4-14+deb7u4), libmodplug
1833 (0.8.8.4-3+deb7u1+git20130828), tiff (4.0.2-6+deb7u2), linux-image
1834 (3.2.0-4-486_3.2.46-1+deb7u1).</li>
1835
1836 </ul>
1837
1838 <p>Where to get it:</p>
1839
1840 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
1841
1842 <ul>
1843 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso</a></li>
1844 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso</a></li>
1845 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso .</li>
1846 </ul>
1847
1848 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is:  3a1c89f4666df80eebcd46c5bf5fedb866f9472f</p>
1849
1850 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use
1851 <ul>
1852 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso</a></li>
1853 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso</a></li>
1854 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso .</li>
1855 </ul>
1856
1857 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 702d1718548f401c74bfa6df9f032cc3ee16597e</p>
1858
1859 <p>The Source DVD image has the filename
1860 debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-source-DVD.iso and the SHA1SUM
1861 089eed8b3f962db47aae1f6a9685e9bb2fa30ca5 and is available the same way
1862 as the other isos.</p>
1863
1864 <p>How to report bugs</p>
1865
1866 <p>For information how to report bugs please see
1867 <br><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
1868
1869
1870 <p>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</p>
1871
1872 <p>Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux, is a Linux distribution based
1873 on Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
1874 configured school network. Immediately after installation a school
1875 server running all services needed for a school network is set up just
1876 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
1877 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
1878 initial installation of the main server from CD or USB stick all other
1879 machines can be installed via the network. The provided school server
1880 provides LDAP database and Kerberos authentication service,
1881 centralized home directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other
1882 services.  The desktop contains more than 60 educational software
1883 packages and more are available from the Debian archive, and schools
1884 can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
1885
1886 <p>This is the seventh test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
1887 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
1888 Squeeze release.</p>
1889
1890 <p>Notes for upgrades from Alpha Prereleases</p>
1891
1892 <p>Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
1893 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
1894 release. Both alpha and beta0 based installations should reinstall or
1895 deal with gosa.conf manually; there are two options: (1) Keep
1896 gosa.conf and edit this file as outlined on the mailing list. (2)
1897 Accept the new version of gosa.conf and replace both contained admin
1898 password placeholders with the password hashes found in the old one
1899 (backup copy!). In both cases all users need to change their password
1900 to make sure a password is set for CIFS access to their home
1901 directory.</p>
1902
1903
1904 <p>cheers,
1905 <br>        Holger</p>
1906 </blockquote>
1907
1908       </div>
1909       <div class="tags">
1910
1911
1912         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1913
1914
1915       </div>
1916     </div>
1917     <div class="padding"></div>
1918
1919     <div class="entry">
1920       <div class="title">
1921         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_beta_release__beta_1__of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Second beta release (beta 1) of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
1922       </div>
1923       <div class="date">
1924         22nd August 2013
1925       </div>
1926       <div class="body">
1927         <p>The second wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
1928 today, slightly delayed because of some bugs in the initial Windows
1929 integration fixes .  This is the release announcement:</p>
1930
1931 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b1 released 2013-08-22</strong></p>
1932
1933 <p>These are the release notes for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
1934 7.1+edu0~b1, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
1935
1936 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
1937
1938 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
1939 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
1940 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
1941 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
1942 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
1943 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
1944 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
1945 the main server from CD or USB stick all other machines can be
1946 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
1947 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
1948 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
1949 desktop contains
1950 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
1951 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
1952 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
1953 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
1954
1955 <p>This is the sixth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically this
1956 is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the Squeeze
1957 release.</p>
1958
1959 <p>ALERT: Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
1960 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
1961 release. Both alpha and beta0 based installations should reinstall or
1962 deal with gosa.conf manually; there are two options: (1) Keep
1963 gosa.conf and edit this file as outlined
1964 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/2013/08/msg00127.html">on
1965 the mailing list</a>. (2) Accept the new version of gosa.conf and
1966 replace both contained admin password placeholders with the password
1967 hashes found in the old one (backup copy!). In both cases every user
1968 need to change their their password to make sure a password is set for
1969 CIFS access to their home directory.</p>
1970
1971 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
1972
1973 <ul>
1974
1975 <li>Added ssh askpass packages to default installation, to ensure ssh
1976     work also without a attached tty.</li>
1977 <li>Add the command-not-found package to the default installation to
1978     make it easier to figure out where to find missing command line
1979     tools. Please note, that the command 'update-command-not-found'
1980     has to be run as root to actually make it useful (internet access
1981     required).</li>
1982
1983 </ul>
1984
1985 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
1986
1987 <ul>
1988
1989 <li>Adjusted the USB stick ISO image build to include every tool
1990 needed for desktop=xfce installations.</li>
1991 <li>Adjust thin-client-server task to work when installing from USB
1992 stick ISO image.</li>
1993 <li>Made new grub artwork (changed png from indexed to RGB format).</li>
1994 <li>Minor cleanup in the CUPS setup.</li>
1995 <li>Make sure that bootstrapping of the Samba domain really happens
1996     during installation of the main server and adjust SID handling to
1997     cope with this.</li>
1998 <li>Make Samba passwords changeable (again) via GOsa².</li>
1999 <li>Fix generation of LM and NT password hashes via GOsa² to avoid
2000     empty password hashes.</li>
2001 <li>Adapted Samba machine domain joining to latest change in the
2002     smbldap-tools Perl package, fixing bugs blocking Windows machines
2003     from joining the Samba domain.</li>
2004
2005 </ul>
2006
2007 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
2008
2009 <ul>
2010
2011 <li>KDE fails to understand the wpad.dat file provided, causing it to
2012     not use the http proxy as it should.</li>
2013 <li>Chromium also fails to use the proxy when using the KDE desktop
2014     (using the KDE configuration).</li>
2015
2016 </ul>
2017
2018 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
2019
2020 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
2021
2022 <ul>
2023
2024 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso</a></li>
2025
2026 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso</a></li>
2027
2028 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso .</li>
2029
2030 </ul>
2031
2032 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 1e357f80b55e703523f2254adde6d78b
2033 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 7157f9be5fd27c7694d713c6ecfed61c3edda3b2</p>
2034
2035 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
2036
2037 <ul>
2038
2039 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso</a></li>
2040 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso</a></li>
2041 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso .</li>
2042
2043 </ul>
2044
2045 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 7a8408ead59cf7e3cef25afb6e91590b
2046 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: f1817c031f02790d5edb3bfa0dcf8451088ad119</p>
2047
2048
2049 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
2050
2051 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
2052
2053       </div>
2054       <div class="tags">
2055
2056
2057         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2058
2059
2060       </div>
2061     </div>
2062     <div class="padding"></div>
2063
2064     <div class="entry">
2065       <div class="title">
2066         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_beta_release_of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">First beta release of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
2067       </div>
2068       <div class="date">
2069         27th July 2013
2070       </div>
2071       <div class="body">
2072         <p>The first wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
2073 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
2074
2075 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b0 released
2076 2013-07-27</strong></p>
2077
2078 <p>These are the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
2079 7.1+edu0~b0, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
2080
2081 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
2082
2083 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
2084 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
2085 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
2086 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
2087 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
2088 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
2089 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
2090 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
2091 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
2092 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
2093 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
2094 desktop contains
2095 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
2096 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
2097 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
2098 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
2099
2100 <p>This is the fifth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
2101 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
2102 Squeeze release.</p>
2103
2104 <p>ALERT: Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
2105 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
2106 release.</p>
2107
2108 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
2109
2110 <ul>
2111
2112 <li>Switched roaming workstation profiles from wicd to network-manager
2113    for network configuration, as wicd didn't work any more.</li>
2114 <li>Changed version numbers of patched gosa and libpam-mklocaluser
2115    packages to make sure our locally patched versions will be replaced
2116    by the official packages when they are released from Debian. Those
2117    installing alpha version need to reinstall or manually downgrade gosa
2118    and libpam-mklocaluser.</li>
2119 <li>Added bluetooth tools to the default desktop (bluedevil, blueman).</li>
2120 <li>Added tools for sharing the desktop on KDE (krdc, krfb).</li>
2121 <li>Added valgrind to the default installation for easier debugging of
2122    crash bugs.</li>
2123
2124 </ul>
2125
2126 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
2127
2128 <ul>
2129
2130 <li>Fixed artwork package to work with gnome, no longer break
2131    desktop=gnome installations.</li>
2132 <li>Adjusted installer to now work when forced to use a proxy with the
2133    netinst CD.</li>
2134 <li>Fixed code detecting and setting/loading hardware specific
2135    setup/firmware to work more robust out of the box.</li>
2136 <li>Adjusted Kerberos setup to detect realm and server settings at
2137    install time instead of dynamically at run time. This avoid a crash
2138    with krb5-auth-dialog on diskless workstations without a DNS name.</li>
2139 <li>Worked around misfeature in network-manager not calling the dhclient
2140    exit hooks, causing automatic proxy configuration and automatic host
2141    name setting at run time to work again.</li>
2142 <li>Fixed feature setting the default Iceweasel start page from URL
2143    fetched from LDAP, to allow schools to set the global default by
2144    updating the dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no LDAP object.</li>
2145 <li>Changed default host name on all networked machines to be unique
2146    (generated from MAC or reverse DNS) after boot.</li>
2147 <li>Adjusted partition sizes to make sure they are big enough.</li>
2148
2149 </ul>
2150
2151 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
2152
2153 <ul>
2154
2155 <li>Grub is missing the new artwork.</li>
2156 <li>KDE fail to understand the wpad.dat file provided, causing it to
2157     not use the http proxy as it should.</li>
2158 <li>Chromium also fail to use the proxy.</li>
2159
2160 </ul>
2161
2162 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
2163
2164 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
2165
2166 <ul>
2167
2168 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso</a></li>
2169
2170 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso</a></li>
2171
2172 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso .</li>
2173
2174 </ul>
2175
2176 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 55d5de9765b6dccd5d9ec33cf1a07109
2177 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 996a1d9517740e4d627d100de2d12b23dd545a3f</p>
2178
2179 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
2180
2181 <ul>
2182
2183 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso</a></li>
2184 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso</a></li>
2185 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso .</li>
2186
2187 </ul>
2188
2189 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: d8f0818c51a78d357de794066f289f69
2190 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 49185ca354e8d0543240423746924f76a6cee733</p>
2191
2192
2193 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
2194
2195 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
2196
2197       </div>
2198       <div class="tags">
2199
2200
2201         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2202
2203
2204       </div>
2205     </div>
2206     <div class="padding"></div>
2207
2208     <div class="entry">
2209       <div class="title">
2210         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/July_13th__Debian_Ubuntu_BSP_and_Skolelinux_Debian_Edu_developer_gathering_in_Oslo.html">July 13th: Debian/Ubuntu BSP and Skolelinux/Debian Edu developer gathering in Oslo</a>
2211       </div>
2212       <div class="date">
2213          9th July 2013
2214       </div>
2215       <div class="body">
2216         <p>The upcoming Saturday, 2013-07-13, we are organising a combined
2217 Debian Edu developer gathering and Debian and Ubuntu bug squashing
2218 party in Oslo.  It is organised by <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">the
2219 member assosiation NUUG</a> and
2220 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">the Debian Edu / Skolelinux
2221 project</a> together with <a href="http://bitraf.no/">the hack space
2222 Bitraf</a>.</p>
2223
2224 <p>It starts 10:00 and continue until late evening.  Everyone is
2225 welcome, and there is no fee to participate.  There is on the other
2226 hand limited space, and only room for 30 people.  Please put your name
2227 on <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/BSP/2013/07/13/no/Oslo">the event
2228 wiki page</a> if you plan to join us.</p>
2229
2230       </div>
2231       <div class="tags">
2232
2233
2234         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
2235
2236
2237       </div>
2238     </div>
2239     <div class="padding"></div>
2240
2241     <div class="entry">
2242       <div class="title">
2243         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fourth_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Fourth alpha release of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
2244       </div>
2245       <div class="date">
2246          3rd July 2013
2247       </div>
2248       <div class="body">
2249         <p>The fourth wheezy based alpha release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
2250 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
2251
2252 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~alpha3 released
2253 2013-07-03</strong></p>
2254
2255 <p>These are the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
2256 7.1+edu0~alpha3, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
2257
2258 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
2259
2260 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
2261 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
2262 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
2263 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
2264 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
2265 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
2266 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
2267 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
2268 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
2269 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
2270 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
2271 desktop contains
2272 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
2273 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
2274 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
2275 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
2276
2277 <p>This is the fourth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
2278 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
2279 Squeeze release.</p>
2280
2281 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
2282 <ul>
2283   <li>Dropped ispell dictionaries from our default installation.</li>
2284   <li>Dropped menu-xdg from the KDE desktop option, to drop the Debian
2285     submenu.  It was not included with Gnome, LXDE or Xfce, so this
2286     brings KDE in line with the others.</li>
2287   <li>Dropped xdrawchem, xjig and xsok from our default installation as
2288     they don't have a desktop menu entry and thus won't show up in the
2289     menu now that menu-xdg was removed.</li>
2290   <li>Removed the killer system to kill left behind processes on
2291     multi-user machines, as it was no longer able to understand when a
2292     X display was in use and killed the processes of the active users
2293     too.</li>
2294   <li>Dropped the golearn (from goplay) package as the debtags in wheezy
2295     are too few to make the package useful.</li>
2296 </ul>
2297 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
2298 <ul>
2299   <li>Updated artwork matching http://wiki.debian.org/DebianArt/Themes/Joy
2300   <li>Multi-arch i386/amd64 USB stick ISO available.</li>
2301   <li>Got rid of ispell/wordlist related debconf questions that showed
2302     up for some language options.</li>
2303   <li>Switched to using http.debian.net as APT source by default.</li>
2304   <li>Fixed proxy configuration on Main Server installations.</li>
2305   <li>Changed LTSP setup to ask dpkg to use force-unsafe-io the same way
2306     d-i is doing it.</li>
2307   <li>Made sure root and user passwords were not left behind in the
2308     debconf database after installation on Main Server installations.</li>
2309   <li>Made Roaming Workstation dynamic setup more robust and added draft
2310     script setup-ad-client to hook a Roaming Workstation up to a
2311     Active Directory server instead of a Debian Edu Main Server.</li>
2312   <li>Update system to install needed firmware packages during
2313     installation, to work properly in Wheezy.</li>
2314   <li>Update system to handle hardware quirks (debian-edu-hwsetup).</li>
2315   <li>Corrected PXE installation setup to properly pass selected desktop
2316     and keymap settings to PXE installation clients.</li>
2317   <li>LTSP diskless workstations use sshfs by default, allowing them to
2318     work without adding them to DNS and NIS netgroups for NFS access.</li>
2319 </ul>
2320 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
2321 <ul>
2322   <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
2323     available yet (698840).</li>
2324   <li>Artwork not enabled for all desktops.</li>
2325 </ul>
2326 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
2327
2328 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
2329 <ul>
2330   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso</a></li>
2331   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso</a></li>
2332   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso .</li>
2333 </ul>
2334
2335 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 2b161a99d2a848c376d8d04e3854e30c
2336 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 498922e9c508c0a7ee9dbe1dfe5bf830d779c3c8</p>
2337
2338 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
2339 <ul>
2340   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso</a></li>
2341   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso</a></li>
2342   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso .</li>
2343 </ul>
2344
2345 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 25e808e403a4c15dbef1d13c37d572ac
2346 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 15ecfc93eb6b4f453b7eb0bc04b6a279262d9721</p>
2347
2348 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
2349
2350 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
2351
2352       </div>
2353       <div class="tags">
2354
2355
2356         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2357
2358
2359       </div>
2360     </div>
2361     <div class="padding"></div>
2362
2363     <div class="entry">
2364       <div class="title">
2365         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_value_of_a_good_distro_wide_test_suite___.html">The value of a good distro wide test suite...</a>
2366       </div>
2367       <div class="date">
2368         22nd June 2013
2369       </div>
2370       <div class="body">
2371         <p>In the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
2372 Skolelinux</a> project, we include a post-installation test suite,
2373 which check that services are running, working, and return the
2374 expected results.  It runs automatically just after the first boot on
2375 test installations (using test ISOs), but not on production
2376 installations (using non-test ISOs).  It test that the LDAP service is
2377 operating, Kerberos is responding, DNS is replying, file systems are
2378 online resizable, etc, etc.  And it check that the PXE service is
2379 configured, which is the topic of this post.</p>
2380
2381 <p>The last week I've fixed the DVD and USB stick ISOs for our Debian
2382 Edu Wheezy release.  These ISOs are supposed to be able to install a
2383 complete system without any Internet connection, but for that to
2384 happen all the needed packages need to be on them.  Thanks to our test
2385 suite, I discovered that we had forgotten to adjust our PXE setup to
2386 cope with the new names and paths used by the netboot d-i packages.
2387 When Internet connectivity was available, the installer fall back to
2388 using wget to fetch d-i boot images, but when offline it require
2389 working packages to get it working.  And the packages changed name
2390 from debian-installer-6.0-netboot-$arch to
2391 debian-installer-7.0-netboot-$arch, we no longer pulled in the
2392 packages during installation.  Without our test suite, I suspect we
2393 would never have discovered this before release.  Now it is fixed
2394 right after we got the ISOs operational.</p>
2395
2396 <p>Another by-product of the test suite is that we can ask system
2397 administrators with problems getting Debian Edu to work, to run the
2398 test suite using <tt>/usr/sbin/debian-edu-test-install</tt> and see if
2399 any errors are detected.  This usually pinpoint the subsystem causing
2400 the problem.</p>
2401
2402 <p>If you want to help us help kids learn how to share and create,
2403 please join us on
2404 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu on
2405 irc.debian.org</a> and the
2406 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@</a> mailing
2407 list.</p>
2408
2409       </div>
2410       <div class="tags">
2411
2412
2413         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2414
2415
2416       </div>
2417     </div>
2418     <div class="padding"></div>
2419
2420     <div class="entry">
2421       <div class="title">
2422         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Victor_Ni_u.html">Debian Edu interview: Victor Nițu</a>
2423       </div>
2424       <div class="date">
2425         17th June 2013
2426       </div>
2427       <div class="body">
2428         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
2429 Skolelinux</a> distribution have users and contributors all around the
2430 globe.  And a while back, an enterprising young man showed up on
2431 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">our IRC channel
2432 #debian-edu</a> and started asking questions about how Debian Edu
2433 worked.  We answered as good as we could, and even convinced him to
2434 help us with translations.  And today I managed to get an interview
2435 with him, to learn more about him.</p>
2436
2437 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
2438
2439 <p>I'm a 25 year old free software enthusiast, living in Romania,
2440 which is also my country of origin. Back in 2009, at a New Year's Eve
2441 party, I had a very nice <strike>beer</strike> discussion with a
2442 friend, when we realized we have no organised Debian community in our
2443 country. A few days later, we put together the infrastructure for such
2444 community and even gathered a nice Debian-ish crowd. Since then, I
2445 began my quest as a free software hacker and activist and I am
2446 constantly trying to cover as much ground as possible on that
2447 field.</p>
2448
2449 <p>A few years ago I founded a small web development company, which
2450 provided me the flexible schedule I needed so much for my
2451 activities. For the last 13 months, I have been the Technical Director
2452 of <a href="http://ceata.org/">Fundația Ceata</a>, which is a free
2453 software activist organisation endorsed by the FSF and the FSFE, and
2454 the only one we have in our country.</p>
2455
2456 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
2457 project?</strong></p>
2458
2459 <p>The idea of participating in the Debian Edu project was a surprise
2460 even to me, since I never used it before I began getting involved in
2461 it. This year I had a great opportunity to deliver a talk on
2462 educational software, and I knew immediately where to look. It was a
2463 love at first sight, since I was previously involved with some of the
2464 technologies the project incorporates, and I rapidly found a lot of
2465 ways to contribute.</p>
2466
2467 <p>My first contributions consisted in translating the installer and
2468 configuration dialogs, then I found some bugs to squash (I still
2469 haven't fixed them yet though), and I even got my eyes on some other
2470 areas where I can prove myself helpful. Since the appetite for free
2471 software in my country is pretty low, I'll be happy to be the first
2472 one around here advocating for the project's adoption in educational
2473 environments, and maybe even get my hands dirty in creating a flavour
2474 for our own needs. I am not used to make very advanced plannings, so
2475 from now on, time will tell what I'll be doing next, but I think I
2476 have a pretty consistent starting point.</p>
2477
2478 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
2479 Edu?</strong></p>
2480
2481 <p>Not a long time ago, I was in the position of configuring and
2482 maintaining a LDAP server on some Debian derivative, and I must say it
2483 took me a while. A long time ago, I was maintaining a bigger
2484 Samba-powered infrastructure, and I must say I spent quite a lot of
2485 time on it. I have similar stories about many of the services included
2486 with Skolelinux, and the main advantage I see about it is the
2487 out-of-the box availability of them, making it quite competitive when
2488 it comes to managing a school's network, for example.</p>
2489
2490 <p>Of course, there is more to say about Skolelinux than the
2491 availability of the software included, its flexibility in various
2492 scenarios is something I can't wait to experiment "into the wild" (I
2493 only played with virtual machines so far). And I am sure there is a
2494 lot more I haven't discovered yet about it, being so new within the
2495 project.</p>
2496
2497 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2498 Edu?</strong></p>
2499
2500 <p>As usual, when it comes to Debian Blends, I see as the biggest
2501 disadvantage the lack of a numerous team dedicated to the
2502 project. Every day I see the same names in the changelogs, and I have
2503 a constantly fear of the bus factor in this story.  I'd like to see
2504 Debian Edu advertised more as an entry point into the Debian
2505 ecosystem, especially amongst newcomers and students. IMHO there are a
2506 lot low-hanging fruits in terms of bug squashing, and enough
2507 opportunities to get the feeling of the Debian Project's dynamics. Not
2508 to mention it's a very fun blend to work on!</p>
2509
2510 <p>Derived from the previous statement, is the delay in catching up
2511 with the main Debian release and documentation. This is common though
2512 to all blends and derivatives, but it's an issue we can all work
2513 on.</p>
2514
2515 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
2516
2517 <p>I can hardly imagine myself spending a day without Vim, since my
2518 daily routine covers writing code and hacking configuration files. I
2519 am a fan of the Awesome window manager (but I also like the
2520 Enlightenment project a lot!),
2521 <a href="http://www.claws-mail.org/‎">Claws Mail</a> due to its ease of
2522 use and very configurable behaviour. Recently I fell in love with
2523 <a href="https://launchpad.net/redshift">Redshift</a>, which helps me
2524 get through the night without headaches. Of course, there is much more
2525 stuff in this bag, but I'll need a blog on my own for doing this!</p>
2526
2527 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
2528 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
2529
2530 <p>Well, on this field, I cannot do much more than experiment right
2531 now. So, being far from having a recipe for success, I can only assume
2532 that:</p>
2533
2534 <ul>
2535
2536 <li>schools would like to get rid of proprietary software</li>
2537
2538 <li>students will love the openness of the system, and will want to
2539     experiment with it - maybe we need to harvest the native curiosity
2540     of teenagers more?</li>
2541
2542 <li>there is no "right one" when it comes to strategies, but it would
2543     be useful to have some success stories published somewhere, so
2544     other can get some inspiration from them (I know I'd promote
2545     them!)</li>
2546
2547 <li>more active promotion - talks, conferences, even small school
2548     lectures can do magical things if they encounter at least one
2549     person interested. Who knows who that person might be? ;-)</li>
2550
2551 </ul>
2552
2553 <p>I also see some problems in getting Skolelinux into schools; for
2554 example, in our country we have a great deal of corruption issues, so
2555 it might be hard(er) to fight against proprietary solutions. Also,
2556 people who relied on commercial software for all their lives, would be
2557 very hard to convert against their will.</p>
2558
2559       </div>
2560       <div class="tags">
2561
2562
2563         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
2564
2565
2566       </div>
2567     </div>
2568     <div class="padding"></div>
2569
2570     <div class="entry">
2571       <div class="title">
2572         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Jonathan_Carter.html">Debian Edu interview: Jonathan Carter</a>
2573       </div>
2574       <div class="date">
2575         12th June 2013
2576       </div>
2577       <div class="body">
2578         <p>There is a certain cross-over between the
2579 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
2580 project</a> and <a href="http://www.edubuntu.org/">the Edubuntu
2581 project</a>, and for example the LTSP packages in Debian are a joint
2582 effort between the projects.  One person with a foot in both camps is
2583 Jonathan Carter, which I am now happy to present to you.</p>
2584
2585 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
2586
2587 <p>I'm a South-African free software geek who lives in Cape Town. My
2588 days vary quite a bit since I'm involved in too many things. As I'm
2589 getting older I'm learning how to focus a bit more :)</p>
2590
2591 <p>I'm also an Edubuntu contributor and I love when there are
2592 opportunities for the Edubuntu and Debian Edu projects to benefit from
2593 each other.</p>
2594
2595 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
2596 project?</strong></p>
2597
2598 <p>I've been somewhat familiar with the project before, but I think my
2599 first direct exposure to the project was when I met Petter
2600 [Reinholdtsen] and Knut [Yrvin] at the Edubuntu summit in 2005 in
2601 London. They provided great feedback that helped the bootstrapping of
2602 Edubuntu. Back then Edubuntu (and even Ubuntu) was still very new and
2603 it was great getting input from people who have been around longer. I
2604 was also still very excitable and said yes to everything and to this
2605 day I have a big todo list backlog that I'm catching up with. I think
2606 over the years the relationship between Edubuntu and Debian-Edu has
2607 been gradually improving, although I think there's a lot that we could
2608 still improve on in terms of working together on packages. I'm sure
2609 we'll get there one day.</p>
2610
2611 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2612 Edu?</strong></p>
2613
2614 <p>Debian itself already has so many advantages. I could go on about
2615 it for pages, but in essence I love that it's a very honest project
2616 that puts its users first with no hidden agendas and also produces
2617 very high quality work.</p>
2618
2619 <p>I think the advantage of Debian Edu is that it makes many common
2620 set-up tasks simpler so that administrators can get up and running
2621 with a lot less effort and frustration. At the same time I think it
2622 helps to standardise installations in schools so that it's easier for
2623 community members and commercial suppliers to support.</p>
2624
2625 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2626 Edu?</strong></p>
2627
2628 <p>I had to re-type this one a few times because I'm trying to
2629 separate "disadvantages" from "areas that need improvement" (which is
2630 what I originally rambled on about)</p>
2631
2632 <p>The biggest disadvantage I can think of is lack of manpower. The
2633 project could do so much more if there were more good contributors. I
2634 think some of the problems are external too. Free software and free
2635 content in education is a no-brainer but it takes some time to catch
2636 on. When you've been working with the same proprietary eco-system for
2637 years and have gotten used to it, it can be hard to adjust to some
2638 concepts in the free software world. It would be nice if there were
2639 more Debian Edu consultants across the world. I'd love to be one
2640 myself but I'm already so over-committed that it's just not possible
2641 currently.</p>
2642
2643 <p>I think the best short-term solution to that large-scale problem is
2644 for schools to be pro-active and share their experiences and grow
2645 their skills in-house. I'm often saddened to see how much money
2646 educational institutions spend on 3rd party solutions that they don't
2647 have access to after the service has ended and they could've gotten so
2648 much more value otherwise by being more self-sustainable and
2649 autonomous.</p>
2650
2651 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
2652
2653 <p>My main laptop dual-boots between Debian and Windows 7. I was
2654 Windows free for years but started dual-booting again last year for
2655 some games which help me focus and relax (Starcraft II in
2656 particular). Gaming support on Linux is improving in leaps and bounds
2657 so I suppose I'll soon be able to regain that disk space :)</p>
2658
2659 <p>Besides that I rely on Icedove, Chromium, Terminator, Byobu, irssi,
2660 git, Tomboy, KVM, VLC and LibreOffice. Recently I've been torn on
2661 which desktop environment I like and I'm taking some refuge in Xfce
2662 while I figure that out. I like tools that keep things simple. I enjoy
2663 Python and shell scripting. I went to an Arduino workshop recently and
2664 it was awesome seeing how easy and simple the IDE software was to get
2665 up and running in Debian compared to the users running Windows and OS
2666 X.</p>
2667
2668 <p>I also use mc which some people frown upon slightly. I got used to
2669 using Norton Commander in the early 90's and it stuck (I think the
2670 people who sneer at it is just jealous that they don't know how to use
2671 it :p)
2672
2673 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
2674 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
2675
2676 <p>I think trying to force it is unproductive. I also think that in
2677 many cases it's appropriate for schools to use non-free systems and I
2678 don't think that there's any particular moral or ethical problem with
2679 that.</p>
2680
2681 <p>I do think though that free software can already solve so so many
2682 problems in educational institutions and it's just a shame not taking
2683 advantage of that.</p>
2684
2685 <p>I also think that some curricula need serious review. For example,
2686 some areas of the world rely heavily on very specific versions of MS
2687 Office, teaching students to parrot menu items instead of learning the
2688 general concepts. I think that's very unproductive because firstly, MS
2689 Office's interface changes drastically every few years and on top of
2690 that it also locks in a generation to a product that might not be the
2691 best solution for them.</p>
2692
2693 <p>To answer your question, I believe that the right strategy is to
2694 educate and inform, giving someone the information they require to
2695 make a decision that would work for them.</p>
2696
2697       </div>
2698       <div class="tags">
2699
2700
2701         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
2702
2703
2704       </div>
2705     </div>
2706     <div class="padding"></div>
2707
2708     <div class="entry">
2709       <div class="title">
2710         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Third alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
2711       </div>
2712       <div class="date">
2713         10th June 2013
2714       </div>
2715       <div class="body">
2716         <p>The third wheezy based alpha release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
2717 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
2718
2719 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.0.0 alpha2 released
2720 2013-06-10</strong></p>
2721
2722 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux 7.0.0 edu
2723 alpha2, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
2724
2725 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
2726
2727 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
2728 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
2729 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
2730 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
2731 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
2732 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
2733 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
2734 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
2735 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
2736 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
2737 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
2738 desktop contains
2739 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
2740 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
2741 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
2742 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
2743
2744 <p>This is the third test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
2745 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
2746 Squeeze release.</p>
2747
2748 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
2749
2750 <ul>
2751
2752 <li>Iceweasel was updated from 10 to 17. (DSA 2699-1)
2753 <li>Updated libxv (DSA-2674), libxvmc (DSA-2675), libxfixes (DSA-2676), libxrender (DSA-2677), mesa (DSA-2678), xserver-xorg-video-openchrome (DSA-2679), libxt (DSA-2680), libxcursor (DSA-2681), libxext (DSA-2682), libxi (DSA-2683), libxrandr (DSA-2684), libxp (DSA-2685), libxcb (DSA-2686), libfs (DSA-2687), libxres (DSA-2688), libxtst (DSA-2689), libxxf86dga (DSA-2690), libxinerama (DSA-2691), libxxf86vm (DSA-2692), libx11 (DSA-2693), chromium-browser (DSA-2695), gnutls26 (DSA-2697), wireshark (DSA-2700), krb5 (DSA-2701), telepathy-gabble (DSA-2702) and subversion (DSA-2703).
2754 <li>Switched xrdp on thin client servers to use tightvncserver instead of xvnc4.
2755 <li>Now install software oscilloscope xoscope by default.
2756 <li>Now install music tools gtick, lingot and pianobooster by default.
2757
2758 </ul>
2759
2760 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
2761
2762 <ul>
2763
2764 <li>The subnet-change script is now able to change all files needing a change on the main-server when changing the IP network used.
2765 <li>Updated translation of the installation.
2766 <li>New Romanian translation.
2767 <li>Fix security problem causing root and first user password to no longer show up in /var/cache/debconf/templates.dat.
2768 <li>Fix roaming workstation setup (Closed in libpam-mklocaluser/0.8, libpam-mklocaluser/0.8~deb7u1: #706753: libpam-mklocaluser: Fail to create local user during first login).
2769 <li>Made roaming workstation setup more robust in non-Debian Edu environments.
2770 <li>New script debian-edu-bless to transform a Debian installation to a Debian Edu profile.
2771 <li>Adjust Iceweasel setup to improve performance when $HOME is on NFS.
2772 <li>More testsuite tests.
2773 <li>Make automatic proxy configuration more robust.
2774 <li>Adjust GOsa² GUI configuration.
2775
2776 <li>Update thin client and diskless workstation setup to work with
2777 LTSP in Wheezy.</li>
2778
2779 <li>Diskless workstations now run out of the box -- no need to set
2780 them up with GOsa².</li>
2781
2782 <li>Update IMAP server setup. </li>
2783
2784 <li>Fix login into Skolelinux Backup Tool (Closed in
2785 slbackup-php/0.4.4-1: #700257: slbackup-php: Fails to submit correctly
2786 entered password). </li>
2787
2788 </ul>
2789
2790 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
2791
2792 <ul>
2793
2794 <li>DVD binary and source images are not yet ready.</li>
2795
2796 <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
2797 available yet (Open in gosa/2.7.4-4: #698840: gosa-plugin-ldapmanager:
2798 missing import feature).</li>
2799
2800 <li>Missing artwork for the KDE desktop (and probably a few others). </li>
2801
2802 <li>KDE Debian submenu lacks icons (Closed: #502192: menu-xdg: invents
2803 own icon names instead of using existing). This will remain
2804 unfixed.</li>
2805
2806 </ul>
2807
2808 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
2809
2810 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
2811
2812 <ul>
2813
2814 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso</a></li>
2815
2816 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso</a></li>
2817
2818 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso .</li>
2819
2820 </ul>
2821
2822 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 27bbcace407743382f3c42c08dbe8178
2823 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: e35f7d7908566cd3075375b3721fa10ee420d419</p>
2824
2825 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
2826
2827 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
2828
2829       </div>
2830       <div class="tags">
2831
2832
2833         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2834
2835
2836       </div>
2837     </div>
2838     <div class="padding"></div>
2839
2840     <div class="entry">
2841       <div class="title">
2842         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Is_there_a_PHP_expert_in_the_building___Debian_Edu_need_help_.html">Is there a PHP expert in the building?  Debian Edu need help!</a>
2843       </div>
2844       <div class="date">
2845          5th June 2013
2846       </div>
2847       <div class="body">
2848         <p>Here is a call for help from the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project.
2849 We have two problems blocking the release of the Wheezy version we
2850 hope to get released soon.  The two problems require some with PHP
2851 skills, and we seem to lack anyone with both time and PHP skills in
2852 the project:
2853
2854 <ol>
2855
2856 <li>It is impossible to log into the slbackup web interface
2857   (slbackup-php) using the root user and password.  This is
2858   <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/700257">BTS report #700257</a>.
2859   This used to work, but stopped working some time since Squeeze.
2860   Perhaps some obsolete PHP feature was used?</li>
2861
2862 <li>It is not possible to "mass import" user lists in Gosa, neither
2863   using ldif nor using CSV files.  The feature was disabled after a
2864   major rewrite of Gosa, and need to be ported to the new system.
2865   This is <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/698840">BTS report
2866   #698840</a>.</li>
2867
2868 </ol>
2869
2870 <p>If you can help us, please join us on IRC
2871 (<a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu on
2872 irc.debian.org</a>) and provide patches via the BTS.</p>
2873
2874       </div>
2875       <div class="tags">
2876
2877
2878         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2879
2880
2881       </div>
2882     </div>
2883     <div class="padding"></div>
2884
2885     <div class="entry">
2886       <div class="title">
2887         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__C_dric_Boutillier.html">Debian Edu interview: Cédric Boutillier</a>
2888       </div>
2889       <div class="date">
2890          4th June 2013
2891       </div>
2892       <div class="body">
2893         <p>It has been a while since my last English
2894 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
2895 interview last November.  But the developers and translators are still
2896 pulling along to get the Wheezy based release out the door, and this
2897 time I managed to get an interview from one of the French translators
2898 in the project, Cédric Boutillier.</p>
2899
2900 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
2901
2902 <p>I am 34 year old. I live near Paris, France. I am an assistant
2903 professor in probability theory. I spend my daytime teaching
2904 mathematics at the university and doing fundamental research in
2905 probability in connexion with combinatorics and statistical physics.</p>
2906
2907 <p>I have been involved in the Debian project for a couple of years
2908 and became Debian Developer a few months ago. I am working on Ruby
2909 packaging, publicity and translation.</p>
2910
2911 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
2912 project?</strong></p>
2913
2914 <p>I came to the Debian Edu project after a call for translation of
2915 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Manuals">the
2916 Debian Edu manual</a> for the release of Debian Edu Squeeze. Since
2917 then, I have been working on updating the French translation of the
2918 manual.
2919
2920 <p>I had the opportunity to make an installation of Debian Edu in a
2921 virtual machine when I was preparing localised version of some screen
2922 shots for the manual. I was amazed to see it worked out of the box and
2923 how comprehensive the list of software installed by default was.</p>
2924
2925 <p>What amazed me was the complete network infrastructure directly
2926 ready to use, which can and the nice administration interface provided
2927 by <a href="https://oss.gonicus.de/labs/gosa/">GOsa²</a>.  What pleased
2928 me also was the fact that among the software installed by default,
2929 there were many "traditional" educative software to learn languages,
2930 to count, to program... but also software to develop creativity and
2931 artistic skills with music (<a href="http://ardour.org/">Ardour</a>,
2932 <a href="http://audacity.sourceforge.net/">Audacity</a>) and
2933 movies/animation (I was especially thinking of
2934 <a href="http://linuxstopmotion.sourceforge.net/">Stopmotion</a>).</p>
2935
2936 <p>I am following the development of Debian Edu and am hanging out on
2937 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu</a>.
2938 Unfortunately, I don't much time to get more involved in this
2939 beautiful project.</p>
2940
2941 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2942 Edu?</strong></p>
2943
2944 <p>For me, the main advantages of Skolelinux/Debian Edu are its
2945 community of experts and its precise documentation, as well as the
2946 fact that it provides a solution ready to use.</p>
2947
2948 <p>I would add also the fact that it is based on the rock solid Debian
2949 distribution, which ensures stability and provides a huge collection
2950 of educational free software.</p>
2951
2952 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2953 Edu?</strong></p>
2954
2955 <p>Maybe the lack of manpower to do lobbying on the
2956 project. Sometimes, people who need to take decisions concerning IT do
2957 not have all the elements to evaluate properly free software
2958 solutions. The fact that support by a company may be difficult to find
2959 is probably a problem if the school does not have IT personnel.</p>
2960
2961 <p>One can find support from a company by looking at
2962 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Help/ProfessionalHelp">the
2963 wiki dokumentation</a>, where some countries already have a number of
2964 companies providing support for Debian Edu, like Germany or
2965 Norway. This list is easy to find readily from the manual. However,
2966 for other countries, like France, the list is empty. I guess that
2967 consultants proposing support for Debian would be able to provide some
2968 support for Debian Edu as well.</p>
2969
2970 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
2971
2972 <p>I am using the KDE Plasma Desktop. But the pieces of software I use
2973 most runs in a terminal: Mutt and OfflineIMAP for emails, latex for
2974 scientific documents, mpd for music. VIM is my editor of choice.  I am
2975 also using the mathematical software
2976 <a href="http://www.scilab.org/en/scilab/about‎">Scilab</a> and
2977 <a href="http://www.sagemath.org/index.html‎">Sage</a> (built from
2978 source as not completely packaged for Debian, yet).
2979
2980 <p><strong>Do you have any suggestions for teachers interested in
2981 using the free software in Debian to teach mathematics and
2982 statistics?</strong></p>
2983
2984 <p>I do not have any "nice" recommendations for statistics. At our
2985 university, we use both <a href="http://www.r-project.org/‎">R</a> and
2986 Scilab to teach statistics and probabilistic simulations. For
2987 geometry, there are nice programs:</p>
2988
2989 <ul>
2990
2991 <li><a href="http://www.drgeo.eu/">drgeo</a> and
2992 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/applications/all/kig‎">kig</a> to do
2993 constructions in planar geometry
2994
2995 <li><a href="http://www.geom.uiuc.edu/software/download/kali.html">kali</a>
2996 to discover symmetry groups (the so-called wallpapers and frieze
2997 groups), although the interface looks a bit old.</li>
2998
2999 </ul>
3000
3001 <p>I like also
3002 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/applications/all/cantor">cantor</a>, which
3003 provides a uniform interface to SciLab, Sage,
3004 <a href="http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Octave‎">Octave</a>, etc...</p>
3005
3006 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
3007 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
3008
3009 <p>My suggestions would be to</p>
3010
3011 <ul>
3012
3013 <li>advertise the reduction of costs when free software is used.</li>
3014
3015 <li>communicate about the quality of free software projects, using
3016     well known examples like Firefox, ThunderBird and
3017     OpenOffice.org/LibreOffice.</li>
3018
3019 <li>advertise the living and strong community around the project.</li>
3020
3021 <li>show that it is not more difficult to use than any other
3022     system.</li>
3023
3024 </ul>
3025
3026       </div>
3027       <div class="tags">
3028
3029
3030         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
3031
3032
3033       </div>
3034     </div>
3035     <div class="padding"></div>
3036
3037     <div class="entry">
3038       <div class="title">
3039         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">Educational applications included in Debian Edu / Skolelinux (the screenshot collection :-)</a>
3040       </div>
3041       <div class="date">
3042          1st June 2013
3043       </div>
3044       <div class="body">
3045         <p>Included in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
3046 Skolelinux</a>, there are quite a lot of educational software.
3047 Created to help teachers teach, and pupils learn.  We have tried to
3048 tag them all using debtags use::learning and role::program, and using
3049 the debtags I was happy to be able to create a collage of the
3050 educational software packages installed by default, sorted by the
3051 debtag field.  Here it is.  Click on a image to learn more about the
3052 program.</p>
3053
3054 <!-- for f in $(debtags tagcat|grep field::|awk '{print $2}'); do   echo; echo "<p><strong>$f</strong></p>"; echo "<p>";   (     for p in $(debtags search --names "use::learning && interface::x11 && role::program && $f"); do img="<img src='http://screenshots.debian.net/thumbnail/$p' alt='$p'>"; if dpkg -s $p > /dev/null 2>&1; then           echo "<a href='http://packages.qa.debian.org/$p'>$img</a>"; fi;     done;   ) | LANG=C sort; echo "</p>"; done -->
3055
3056 <p><strong>field::arts</strong></p>
3057 <p>
3058 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=audacity'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/audacity.png' alt='audacity'></a>
3059 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
3060 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=denemo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/denemo.png' alt='denemo'></a>
3061 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=freebirth'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/freebirth.png' alt='freebirth'></a>
3062 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
3063 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gimp'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gimp.png' alt='gimp'></a>
3064 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=hydrogen'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/hydrogen.png' alt='hydrogen'></a>
3065 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=lilypond'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/lilypond.png' alt='lilypond'></a>
3066 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=lmms'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/lmms.png' alt='lmms'></a>
3067 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=rosegarden'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/rosegarden.png' alt='rosegarden'></a>
3068 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scribus'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scribus.png' alt='scribus'></a>
3069 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=solfege'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/solfege.png' alt='solfege'></a>
3070 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=stopmotion'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/stopmotion.png' alt='stopmotion'></a>
3071 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=tuxpaint'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/tuxpaint.png' alt='tuxpaint'></a>
3072 </p>
3073
3074 <p><strong>field::astronomy</strong></p>
3075 <p>
3076 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=celestia-gnome'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/celestia-gnome.png' alt='celestia-gnome'></a>
3077 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gpredict'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gpredict.png' alt='gpredict'></a>
3078 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kstars'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kstars.png' alt='kstars'></a>
3079 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=planets'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/planets.png' alt='planets'></a>
3080 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=stellarium'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/stellarium.png' alt='stellarium'></a>
3081 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xplanet'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xplanet.png' alt='xplanet'></a>
3082 </p>
3083
3084 <p><strong>field::biology:structural</strong></p>
3085 <p>
3086 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=pymol'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/pymol.png' alt='pymol'></a>
3087 </p>
3088
3089 <p><strong>field::chemistry</strong></p>
3090 <p>
3091 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=atomix'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/atomix.png' alt='atomix'></a>
3092 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=chemtool'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/chemtool.png' alt='chemtool'></a>
3093 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=easychem'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/easychem.png' alt='easychem'></a>
3094 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gchempaint'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gchempaint.png' alt='gchempaint'></a>
3095 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gdis'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gdis.png' alt='gdis'></a>
3096 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=ghemical'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/ghemical.png' alt='ghemical'></a>
3097 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gperiodic'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gperiodic.png' alt='gperiodic'></a>
3098 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kalzium'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kalzium.png' alt='kalzium'></a>
3099 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=pymol'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/pymol.png' alt='pymol'></a>
3100 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=viewmol'>[viewmol]</a>
3101 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xdrawchem'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xdrawchem.png' alt='xdrawchem'></a>
3102 </p>
3103
3104 <p><strong>field::electronics</strong></p>
3105 <p>
3106 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
3107 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gpsim'>[gpsim]</a>
3108 </p>
3109
3110 <p><strong>field::geography</strong></p>
3111 <p>
3112 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kgeography'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kgeography.png' alt='kgeography'></a>
3113 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=marble'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/marble.png' alt='marble'></a>
3114 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xplanet'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xplanet.png' alt='xplanet'></a>
3115 </p>
3116
3117 <p><strong>field::linguistics</strong></p>
3118 <p>
3119 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
3120 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kanagram'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kanagram.png' alt='kanagram'></a>
3121 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=khangman'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/khangman.png' alt='khangman'></a>
3122 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=klettres'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/klettres.png' alt='klettres'></a>
3123 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=parley'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/parley.png' alt='parley'></a>
3124 </p>
3125
3126 <p><strong>field::mathematics</strong></p>
3127 <p>
3128 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
3129 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=drgeo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/drgeo.png' alt='drgeo'></a>
3130 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
3131 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=geogebra'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/geogebra.png' alt='geogebra'></a>
3132 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=geomview'>[geomview]</a>
3133 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=grace'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/grace.png' alt='grace'></a>
3134 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=graphmonkey'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/graphmonkey.png' alt='graphmonkey'></a>
3135 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=graphthing'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/graphthing.png' alt='graphthing'></a>
3136 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kalgebra'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kalgebra.png' alt='kalgebra'></a>
3137 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kbruch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kbruch.png' alt='kbruch'></a>
3138 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kig'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kig.png' alt='kig'></a>
3139 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kmplot'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kmplot.png' alt='kmplot'></a>
3140 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=mathwar'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/mathwar.png' alt='mathwar'></a>
3141 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=rocs'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/rocs.png' alt='rocs'></a>
3142 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scratch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scratch.png' alt='scratch'></a>
3143 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=tuxmath'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/tuxmath.png' alt='tuxmath'></a>
3144 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xabacus'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xabacus.png' alt='xabacus'></a>
3145 </p>
3146
3147 <p><strong>field::physics</strong></p>
3148 <p>
3149 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
3150 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=step'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/step.png' alt='step'></a>
3151 </p>
3152
3153 <p><strong>field::TODO</strong></p>
3154 <p>
3155 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=blinken'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/blinken.png' alt='blinken'></a>
3156 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=cgoban'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/cgoban.png' alt='cgoban'></a>
3157 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
3158 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
3159 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gnuchess'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gnuchess.png' alt='gnuchess'></a>
3160 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gnugo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gnugo.png' alt='gnugo'></a>
3161 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gtans'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gtans.png' alt='gtans'></a>
3162 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=ktouch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/ktouch.png' alt='ktouch'></a>
3163 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=librecad'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/librecad.png' alt='librecad'></a>
3164 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scratch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scratch.png' alt='scratch'></a>
3165 </p>
3166
3167 <p>In total, 61 applications.  3 of them lacked screen shots on
3168 <a href="http://screenshot.debian.net">screenshot.debian.net</a>.  If
3169 you know of some packages we should install by default, please let us
3170 know on <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">IRC, #debian-edu
3171 on irc.debian.org</a>, or our
3172 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">mailing list
3173 debian-edu@</a>.</p>
3174
3175       </div>
3176       <div class="tags">
3177
3178
3179         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3180
3181
3182       </div>
3183     </div>
3184     <div class="padding"></div>
3185
3186     <div class="entry">
3187       <div class="title">
3188         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Nirosan_Thiyagalingam.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Nirosan Thiyagalingam</a>
3189       </div>
3190       <div class="date">
3191         24th May 2013
3192       </div>
3193       <div class="body">
3194         <p>En ting
3195 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektet</a> har
3196 hatt mye glede av er studentprosjekter.  F.eks.  er
3197 <a href="http://linuxstopmotion.org/">stillbildeanimasjonssystemet
3198 Stopmotion</a> resultat av et studentprosjekt i Skolelinux.  De siste
3199 månedene har en ivrig student veiledet av Marius Kotsbak i
3200 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRiSK</a> testet hva en
3201 kan få til med en datamaskin til NOK 400,- (antagelig 1700,- med
3202 skjerm, tastatur og mus) når det brukes i Skolelinux.  Jeg spurte han
3203 om et intervju.</p>
3204
3205 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
3206
3207 <p>Jeg heter Nirosan Thiyagalingam. Jeg er 24 år og studerer
3208 dataingeniør studiet ved Høgskolen i Sør Trøndelag. Interessen for
3209 data har siden ung alder vært tilstede og jeg har i tillegg alltid
3210 vært glad i å lære nye ting. Med teknologi som endres svært hurtig er
3211 det alltid noe nytt å lære.  Noe som igjen har gjort det svært
3212 interessant å følge med på utviklingen.  Jeg valgte dataingeniør
3213 studiet grunnet ønske om å lære enda mer om programmering og utvikling
3214 av store systemer.</p>
3215
3216 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
3217
3218 <p>Skolelinux prosjektet hørte jeg først om i media. Men det var først
3219 når jeg skulle velge bacheloroppgave at jeg fattet mer interesse for
3220 prosjektet. Et enkelt søk på nettet førte meg til skolelinux sine
3221 hjemmesider.  Informasjonen jeg fant der gjorde meg enda nysgjerrig og
3222 jeg valgte derfor en oppgave som gikk ut på å få en
3223 <a href="http://www.raspberrypi.org">Raspberry PI</a>.  Altså en
3224 ultra-billig datamaskin til å kjøre Debian Edu på lik linje med
3225 vanlige datamaskiner. I løpet av prosjektet ble det gjort mye
3226 forskning på nettet. Det var mye jeg måtte forstå rundt hvordan
3227 operativsystemet Linux fungerte før jeg kunne angripe
3228 problemet. Prøvde først å finne ut hvordan man kunne transformere en
3229 vanlig installasjon av Skolelinux til Raspberry PI, men dette var
3230 altfor vanskelig å jeg endte opp med mer spørsmål enn svar. Det ble
3231 videre opprettet kontakt med Skolelinux utviklere på IRC der jeg fikk
3232 diskutert hvilken retning jeg burde gå for å få til en fullverdig
3233 løsning. Det ble bestemt at jeg skulle gå for å først installere
3234 <a href="http://www.raspbian.org/">Raspian</a>. Dette er et
3235 operativsystem basert på Debian spesiallaget for Raspberry Pi sin
3236 maskinvare. Nå som Debian var installert på datamaskinen gjenstod det
3237 å installere de nødvendige Skolelinux pakkene for å få til et
3238 fullverdig system. Disse pakkene ble installert manuelt i første
3239 omgang, men ble senere installert automatisk via et script som Petter
3240 Reinholdtsen laget. Dette scriptet er så enkel å bruke at man er i
3241 gang med installasjonen i løpet av bare 5 minutter. Ikke nok med det,
3242 alt skjer helt automatisk. Alt i alt er jeg veldig fornøyd med
3243 resultatet av installasjonsprosessen. Raspberry Pi er en veldig svak
3244 maskin og det merkes godt når man har installert Skolelinux på
3245 den. Video og 3D-rendering fungerer utrolig dårlig, men nettsurfing og
3246 kontorprogrammer fungerer godt.  Det kan derfor konkluderes med at
3247 datamaskinen er egnet for enkle oppgaver.
3248
3249 <p>Jeg syns det er viktig påpeke at dette kun er startfasen av en slik
3250 løsning. På markedet finnes det nå maskiner som har bedre hardware enn
3251 Raspberry Pi. Det er store muligheter for at man kan klare å
3252 installere Skolelinux på disse også, og da forsvinner nok mest
3253 sannsynlig ytelsesproblemene med Video og 3D rendering også.</p>
3254
3255 <p>Det ble også prøvd med en løsning som gjorde at Raspberry Pi
3256 fungerte som en tynnklient. Denne løsningen hadde langt bedre ytelse
3257 med tanke på hastighet og brukeropplevelse. Men også her var video og
3258 3D rendering dårlig. Det ble brukt en liten Linux distribusjon kalt
3259 <a href="http://www.berryterminal.com/">BerryTerminal</a> for å få til
3260 dette.</p>
3261
3262 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
3263
3264 <p>Fordelen med Skolelinux er mange. At det er gratis er en stor
3265 fordel, men at det er så mange som er med på å utvikle det og
3266 vedlikeholde det er en enda større fordel. Allerede før jeg startet
3267 med prosjektet så jeg mange fordeler, og når jeg nærmet meg sluttfasen
3268 så jeg langt flere. At prosjektet skulle inneha en så høy kvalitet
3269 hadde jeg aldri trodd. En vanlig Skolelinux installasjon har de
3270 nødvendige programmene og funksjonen som både små og store skoler i
3271 tillegg til organisasjoner kan klare seg med.  At prosjektet tilbyr en
3272 så komplett løsning er en kjempefordel.  Installasjonen er knirkefri
3273 og det er svært enkelt å installere og komme i gang.</p>
3274
3275 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
3276
3277 <p>Ulempene jeg ser med prosjektet er ryddigheten av websidene. Selv
3278 om websidene er enkle og konsise er det allikevel ikke appellerende i
3279 like stor grad som for eksempel
3280 <a href="http://www.ubuntu.com">Ubuntu</a> sine sider.  Deres side
3281 tilbyr, i tillegg til godt design og presentasjon, en nettbasert
3282 emulator av deres operativsystem. Dette er en stor fordel slik jeg ser
3283 det.  Bortsett fra dette ser jeg absolutt ingen ulemper med
3284 Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
3285
3286 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
3287
3288 <p>Til daglig er jeg en flittig bruker av det åpne media
3289 sentersystemet <a href="http://xbmc.org/">XBMC</a>. Det enorme
3290 samfunnet rundt dette prosjektet har gjort dette til et program som
3291 dekker alles behov. Man kan tilpasse det akkurat slik man vil både med
3292 tanke på utseende og funksjoner ved installere plug-ins eller
3293 scripts.</p>
3294
3295 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
3296 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
3297
3298 <p>Strategien som burde brukes sett fra mine øyne er
3299 markedsføring. Jeg er sikker på at om flere skoler fikk et lite innsyn
3300 i hvor bra Skolelinux er så ville de ikke nølt med å gå over fra noe
3301 annet som koster de store summer. At skolelinux til de grader tilbyr
3302 en så komplett løsning bure komme frem. Enten via reklamekampanjer
3303 eller ved å sende ut folk til skoler for så å la skolenettverk
3304 ansvarlige få teste ut hvordan Skolelinux fungerer i praksis. Om det
3305 i tillegg ble utviklet gode websider og en emulator for å la brukere
3306 prøve operativsystemet ville nok dette ha styrket inntrykket
3307 betraktelig.</p>
3308
3309       </div>
3310       <div class="tags">
3311
3312
3313         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
3314
3315
3316       </div>
3317     </div>
3318     <div class="padding"></div>
3319
3320     <div class="entry">
3321       <div class="title">
3322         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_transform_a_Debian_based_system_to_a_Debian_Edu_installation.html">How to transform a Debian based system to a Debian Edu installation</a>
3323       </div>
3324       <div class="date">
3325         17th May 2013
3326       </div>
3327       <div class="body">
3328         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> is
3329 an operating system based on Debian intended for use in schools.  It
3330 contain a turn-key solution for the computer network provided to
3331 pupils in the primary schools.  It provide both the central server,
3332 network boot servers and desktop environments with heaps of
3333 educational software.  The project was founded almost 12 years ago,
3334 2001-07-02.  If you want to support the project, which is in need for
3335 cash to fund developer gatherings and other project related activity,
3336 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/donations.html">please
3337 donate some money</a>.
3338
3339 <p>A topic that come up again and again on the Debian Edu mailing
3340 lists and elsewhere, is the question on how to transform a Debian or
3341 Ubuntu installation into a Debian Edu installation.  It isn't very
3342 hard, and last week I wrote a script to replicate the steps done by
3343 the Debian Edu installer.</p>
3344
3345 <p>The script,
3346 <a href="http://anonscm.debian.org/viewvc/debian-edu/branches/wheezy/debian-edu-config/share/debian-edu-config/tools/debian-edu-bless?view=markup">debian-edu-bless<a/>
3347 in the debian-edu-config package, will go through these six steps and
3348 transform an existing Debian Wheezy or Ubuntu (untested) installation
3349 into a Debian Edu Workstation:</p>
3350
3351 <ol>
3352
3353 <li>Add skolelinux related APT sources.</li>
3354 <li>Create /etc/debian-edu/config with the wanted configuration.</li>
3355 <li>Install debian-edu-install to load preseeding values and pull in
3356     our configuration.</li>
3357 <li>Preseed debconf database with profile setup in
3358     /etc/debian-edu/config, and run tasksel to install packages
3359     according to the profile specified in the config above,
3360     overriding some of the Debian automation machinery.</li>
3361 <li>Run debian-edu-cfengine-D installation to configure everything
3362     that could not be done using preseeding.</li>
3363 <li>Ask for a reboot to enable all the configuration changes.</li>
3364
3365 </ol>
3366
3367 <p>There are some steps in the Debian Edu installation that can not be
3368 replicated like this.  Disk partitioning and LVM setup, for example.
3369 So this script just assume there is enough disk space to install all
3370 the needed packages.</p>
3371
3372 <p>The script was created to help a Debian Edu student working on
3373 setting up <a href="http://www.raspberrypi.org">Raspberry Pi</a> as a
3374 Debian Edu client, and using it he can take the existing
3375 <a href="http://www.raspbian.org/FrontPage‎">Raspbian</a> installation and
3376 transform it into a fully functioning Debian Edu Workstation (or
3377 Roaming Workstation, or whatever :).</p>
3378
3379 <p>The default setting in the script is to create a KDE Workstation.
3380 If a LXDE based Roaming workstation is wanted instead, modify the
3381 PROFILE and DESKTOP values at the top to look like this instead:</p>
3382
3383 <p><pre>
3384 PROFILE="Roaming-Workstation"
3385 DESKTOP="lxde"
3386 </pre></p>
3387
3388 <p>The script could even become useful to set up Debian Edu servers in
3389 the cloud, by starting with a virtual Debian installation at some
3390 virtual hosting service and setting up all the services on first
3391 boot.</p>
3392
3393       </div>
3394       <div class="tags">
3395
3396
3397         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3398
3399
3400       </div>
3401     </div>
3402     <div class="padding"></div>
3403
3404     <div class="entry">
3405       <div class="title">
3406         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Second alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
3407       </div>
3408       <div class="date">
3409         14th May 2013
3410       </div>
3411       <div class="body">
3412         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
3413 project</a> is making great progress and made its second Wheezy based
3414 release today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
3415
3416 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.0.0 alpha1 released
3417 2013-05-14</strong></p>
3418
3419 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux 7.0.0 edu
3420 alpha1, based on <a href="http://www.debian.org">Debian</a> with
3421 codename "Wheezy".</p>
3422
3423 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
3424
3425 <p>Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux, is a Linux distribution based
3426 on Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
3427 configured school network. Immediatly after installation a school
3428 server running all services needed for a school network is set up just
3429 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
3430 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
3431 initial installation of the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all
3432 other machines can be installed via the network.</p>
3433
3434 <p>This is the first test release based on Wheezy (which currently is
3435 not released yet). Basically this is an updated and slightly improved
3436 version compared to the Squeeze release.</p>
3437
3438 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
3439 <ul>
3440   <li>Install freemind (0.9.0) by default, and stop installing vym by
3441     default.</li>
3442   <li>Install chromium (26.0.1410.43) by default.</li>
3443   <li>Install goplay (0.5-1.1) to make golearn available by default.</li>
3444   <li>Updated support for Japanese input methods, now based on
3445     ibus-anthy.</li>
3446 </ul>
3447
3448 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
3449 <ul>
3450
3451   <li>Switched default file system from ext3 to ext4 for speed and
3452     reliability improvements.</li>
3453   <li>Got rid of unwanted winbind daemon and PAM setup activated because
3454     of <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/706434">706434</a>.</li>
3455   <li>Extended and improved the testsuite tests to detect more possible
3456     problems.</li>
3457   <li>Corrected proxy handling to not set http_proxy to a bogus
3458     direct:// URL.</li>
3459   <li>Corrected proxy setup for diskless workstations.</li>
3460   <li>Corrected PXE setup to use our updated udebs during installation.</li>
3461   <li>Made installation handling of low entropy level more robust.</li>
3462   <li>Create larger partitions for Roaming workstations and Thin client
3463     servers, to make room for all the software installed.</li>
3464   <li>Fix bug in Roaming workstation PAM setup, making it impossible to
3465     log in (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/706753">706753</a>).</li>
3466 </ul>
3467
3468 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
3469 <ul>
3470
3471   <li>IP resolution for the local hostname give useless IPv6 address
3472     (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/705900">705900</a>).  Only install
3473     libnss-myhostname on roaming workstations until it is fixed.</li>
3474   <li>DVD images are not yet ready.</li>
3475   <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
3476     available yet (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/698840">698840</a>).</li>
3477   <li>Missing artwork for the KDE desktop (and probably a few others).</li>
3478   <li>KDE Debian submenu lacks icons.</li>
3479   <li>LXDE menu lacks entry for changing GOsa password
3480     (website). Installing gosa-desktop will be an option.</li>
3481   <li>Backup configuration via web interface is impossible due to
3482     password submission problem
3483     (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/700257">700257</a>).</li>
3484
3485 </ul>
3486
3487 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
3488
3489 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
3490 <ul>
3491
3492   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</a></li>
3493   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</a></li>
3494   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</li>
3495
3496 </ul>
3497
3498 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 685ed76c1aa8e44b12d3fde21faf450b</p>
3499
3500 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 6c874de157024da13e115bab29c068080a11ec4c</p>
3501
3502 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
3503
3504 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
3505
3506       </div>
3507       <div class="tags">
3508
3509
3510         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3511
3512
3513       </div>
3514     </div>
3515     <div class="padding"></div>
3516
3517     <div class="entry">
3518       <div class="title">
3519         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Narvik_sparer_minst_9_millioner_p____bruke_Skolelinux.html">Narvik sparer minst 9 millioner på å bruke Skolelinux</a>
3520       </div>
3521       <div class="date">
3522         10th May 2013
3523       </div>
3524       <div class="body">
3525         <p>I fjor sommer ble jeg
3526 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">gledelig
3527 overrasket</a> over et oppslag i avisen Fremover om Narvik kommunes
3528 bruk av <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>.  Oppslaget
3529 var basert på et notat som besvarte spørsmål fra ordfører Tor Nysæter
3530 og rådgiver for skolesektoren, Petter Falkbu, om bruken av Skolelinux
3531 i Narvikskolene og konstnaden ved å gå over til Windows.  For litt
3532 over en uke siden siden fikk jeg endelig bedt kommunen om å få innsyn
3533 i dette notatet, og det ble oversendt på epost tirsdag.  Jeg fikk
3534 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/pub/offentliginnsyn/from-Narvik-kommune/2013-04-29-09:12-skolelinux-notat/PetterFalkbuogwindowsfornarvikskolen%20(L)351310.pdf">lagt
3535 ut notatet</a> samme dag, og fikk i dag sjekket postlista til Narvik,
3536 der jeg fant notatet som
3537 <a href="https://www.narvik.kommune.no/innsyn.aspx?response=arkivsak_detaljer&arkivsakid=2013001023&scripturi=/innsyn.aspx&skin=infolink&Mid1=301&">sak
3538 2013/1023</a>.</p>
3539
3540 <p>Notatet forteller at Narvik ville måtte betalt minst 9 millioner
3541 for å gå over til Windows på skolene.  I tillegg dokumenterer notatet
3542 at læreplanens krav oppfylles uten problemer ved bruk av Skolelinux.
3543 Jeg anbefaler alle å lese de 10 sidene med gode argumenter for å kutte
3544 unødige utgifter på IT i skoleverket. :)</p>
3545
3546       </div>
3547       <div class="tags">
3548
3549
3550         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
3551
3552
3553       </div>
3554     </div>
3555     <div class="padding"></div>
3556
3557     <div class="entry">
3558       <div class="title">
3559         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Wheezy_is_out___and_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_should_soon_follow___newinwheezy.html">Debian Wheezy is out - and Debian Edu / Skolelinux should soon follow! #newinwheezy</a>
3560       </div>
3561       <div class="date">
3562          5th May 2013
3563       </div>
3564       <div class="body">
3565         <p>When I woke up this morning, I was very happy to see that the
3566 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2013/20130504">release announcement
3567 for Debian Wheezy</a> was waiting in my mail box.  This is a great
3568 Debian release, and I expect to move my machines at home over to it fairly
3569 soon.</p>
3570
3571 <p>The new debian release contain heaps of new stuff, and one program
3572 in particular make me very happy to see included.  The
3573 <a href="http://scratch.mit.edu/">Scratch</a> program, made famous by
3574 the <a href="http://www.code.org/">Teach kids code</a> movement, is
3575 included for the first time.  Alongside similar programs like
3576 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/kturtle/">kturtle</a> and
3577 <a href="http://wiki.sugarlabs.org/go/Activities/Turtle_Art">turtleart</a>,
3578 it allow for visual programming where syntax errors can not happen,
3579 and a friendly programming environment for learning to control the
3580 computer.  Scratch will also be included in the next release of Debian
3581 Edu.</a>
3582
3583 <p>And now that Wheezy is wrapped up, we can wrap up the next Debian
3584 Edu/Skolelinux release too.  The
3585 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/2013/04/msg00132.html">first
3586 alpha release</a> went out last week, and the next should soon
3587 follow.<p>
3588
3589       </div>
3590       <div class="tags">
3591
3592
3593         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3594
3595
3596       </div>
3597     </div>
3598     <div class="padding"></div>
3599
3600     <div class="entry">
3601       <div class="title">
3602         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">First alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
3603       </div>
3604       <div class="date">
3605         26th April 2013
3606       </div>
3607       <div class="body">
3608         <p>The Debian Edu / Skolelinux project is still going strong and made
3609 its first Wheezy based release today.  This is the release
3610 announcement:</p>
3611
3612 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu ~7.0.0 alpha0 released
3613 2013-04-26</strong></p>
3614
3615 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux ~7.0.0
3616 edu alpha0, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
3617
3618 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
3619
3620 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
3621 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
3622 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
3623 network. Immediatly after installation a school server running all
3624 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
3625 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
3626 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
3627 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
3628 installed via the network.</p>
3629
3630 <p>This is the first test release based on Wheezy (which currently is
3631 not released yet). Basically this is an updated and slightly improved
3632 version compared to the Squeeze release.</p>
3633
3634 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
3635
3636 <ul>
3637 <li>Everything which is new in Debian Wheezy, eg:
3638   <ul>
3639      <li>Linux kernel 3.2.x</li>
3640      <li>Desktop environments KDE "Plasma" 4.8.4, GNOME 3.4, and LXDE 4
3641          (KDE is installed by default; to choose GNOME or LXDE: see
3642          manual.)</li>
3643      <li>Web browser Iceweasel 10 ESR</li>
3644      <li>LibreOffice 3.5.4</li>
3645      <li>LTSP 5.4.2</li>
3646      <li>GOsa 2.7.4</li>
3647      <li>CUPS print system 1.5.3</li>
3648      <li>Educational toolbox GCompris 12.01</li>
3649      <li>Music creator Rosegarden 12.04</li>
3650      <li>Image editor Gimp 2.8.2</li>
3651      <li>Virtual universe Celestia 1.6.1</li>
3652      <li>Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.11.3</li>
3653      <li>Scratch visual programming environment 1.4.0.6</li>
3654      <li>New version of debian-installer from Debian Wheezy, see
3655          <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/installmanual">installation
3656          manual</a> for more details.</li>
3657      <li>Debian Wheezy includes about 37000 packages available for
3658          installation.</li>
3659      <li>More information about Debian Wheezy 7.0 is provided in the
3660          <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/releasenotes">release notes</a> and the <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/installmanual">installation manual</a>.</li>
3661   </ul></li>
3662 </ul>
3663
3664 <p><strong>Documentation</strong></p>
3665 <ul>
3666 <li>The (<a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy">English</a>) Debian Edu Wheezy Manual is fully translated to
3667     German, French, Italian and Danish. Partly translated versions exist
3668     for Norwegian Bokmal and Spanish.</li>
3669 </ul>
3670
3671 <p><Strong>LDAP related changes</strong></p>
3672 <ul>
3673 <li>Slight changes to some objects and acls to have more types to
3674     choose from when adding systems in GOsa. Now systems can be of type
3675     server, workstation, printer, terminal or netdevice.</li>
3676 </ul>
3677
3678 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
3679 <ul>
3680 <li>LTSP clients start as diskless workstation / thin client can be
3681     configured via command line argument -- or individually adding an
3682     entry in lts.conf or LDAP.<li>
3683 <li>GOsa gui: Now some options that seemed to be available, but are non
3684     functional, are greyed out (or are not clickable). Some tabs are
3685     completely hidden to the end user, others even to the GOsa admin.</li>
3686 </ul>
3687
3688 <p><strong>Regressions</strong></p>
3689 <ul>
3690 <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv) available
3691     yet.</li>
3692 </ul>
3693
3694 <p><strong>No updated artwork</strong></p>
3695
3696 <ul>
3697 <li>Updated artwork which is visible during installation, in the login
3698     screen and as desktop wallpaper is still missing or the same as we
3699     had for our Squeeze based release.</li>
3700 </ul>
3701
3702 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
3703
3704 To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use
3705 <ul>
3706 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</a></li>
3707 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</a></li>
3708 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</li>
3709 </ul>
3710
3711 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: c5e773ddafdaa4f48c409c682f598b6c</p>
3712
3713 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 25934fabb9b7d20235499a0a51f08ce6c54215f2</p>
3714
3715 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
3716
3717 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
3718
3719       </div>
3720       <div class="tags">
3721
3722
3723         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3724
3725
3726       </div>
3727     </div>
3728     <div class="padding"></div>
3729
3730     <div class="entry">
3731       <div class="title">
3732         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_developer_gathering_in_2013_take_place_in_Trondheim.html">First Debian Edu / Skolelinux developer gathering in 2013 take place in Trondheim</a>
3733       </div>
3734       <div class="date">
3735         16th April 2013
3736       </div>
3737       <div class="body">
3738         <p>This years first <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux /
3739 Debian Edu</a> developer gathering take place the coming weekend in Trondheim.
3740 Details about the gathering can be found
3741 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering/2013-04-19-21-Trondheim">on
3742 the FRiSK wiki</a>.  The dates are 19-21th of April 2013, and online
3743 participation for those unable to make it in person is very welcome,
3744 and I plan to participate online myself as I could not leave Oslo this
3745 weekend.</p>
3746
3747 <p>The focus of the gathering is to work on the web pages and project
3748 infrastructure, and to continue the work on the Wheezy based Debian
3749 Edu release.</p>
3750
3751 <p>See you on <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">IRC, #debian-edu on irc.debian.org,</a> then?</p>
3752
3753       </div>
3754       <div class="tags">
3755
3756
3757         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3758
3759
3760       </div>
3761     </div>
3762     <div class="padding"></div>
3763
3764     <div class="entry">
3765       <div class="title">
3766         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_6_got_a_video_review_from_Pcwizz.html">Skolelinux 6 got a video review from Pcwizz</a>
3767       </div>
3768       <div class="date">
3769         17th March 2013
3770       </div>
3771       <div class="body">
3772         <p>Via
3773 <a href="https://twitter.com/pcwizz/status/313044373262716930">twitter</a>
3774 I just discovered that <a href="http://pcwizz.net/">Pcwizz</a> have
3775 done a <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wPzTZ61Pcuc">video
3776 review</a> on Youtube of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux
3777 / Debian Edu</a> version 6.  He installed the standalone profile and
3778 the video show a walk-through of of the menu content, demonstration of
3779 a few programs and his view of our distribution.</p>
3780
3781 <p>There is also some really nice quotes (transcribed by me, might
3782 have heard wrong).  While looking thought the Graphics menu:</p>
3783
3784 <blockquote>
3785 "Basically everything you ever need in a school environment."
3786 </blockquote>
3787
3788 <p>And as a general evaluation of the entire distribution:</p>
3789
3790 <blockquote>
3791 "So, yeah, a bit bloated.  It kept all the Debian stuff in there, just
3792 to keep it nice and GNU.  So, I do not want to go on about it, but
3793 lets give it 7 out of 10.  I am not going to use it.  That is because
3794 I am not deploying a school network.  There may be some mythical
3795 feature to help you deploy Skolelinux on a school network."
3796 </blockquote>
3797
3798 <p>To bad he did not test the server profile, and discovered the PXE
3799 installation option.  It make it possible to install only the main
3800 server from CD, and the rest of the machines via the net, and might be
3801 considered the mythical feature he talk about. :)</p>
3802
3803 <p>While looking through the menus, there is also this funny comment
3804 about the part of the K menu generated from the Debian menu subsystem:
3805
3806 <blockquote>
3807 "[The K menu] have a special Debian section for software that no-one
3808 is going to look at, because it contain lots of junky stuff that you
3809 actually don't need in the education distribution, but have just been
3810 included because it isn't stripped out for some reason."
3811 </blockquote>
3812
3813 <p>I guess it is yet another argument for merging the Debian menu and
3814 Gnome/KDE desktop menu entries into
3815 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/Proposals/DebianMenuUsingDesktopEntries">one
3816 consistent menu system</a> instead of two incomplete and partly
3817 inconsistent menu systems.</p>
3818
3819 <p>The entire video is available below for those accepting iframe
3820 embedding:</p>
3821
3822 <iframe width="560" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/wPzTZ61Pcuc" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
3823
3824       </div>
3825       <div class="tags">
3826
3827
3828         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
3829
3830
3831       </div>
3832     </div>
3833     <div class="padding"></div>
3834
3835     <div class="entry">
3836       <div class="title">
3837         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_Squeeze_update_released.html">First Skolelinux / Debian Edu Squeeze update released</a>
3838       </div>
3839       <div class="date">
3840          8th March 2013
3841       </div>
3842       <div class="body">
3843         <p>Last Sunday, 2013-03-03,, Holger Levsen announced the first update
3844 of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
3845 based on Debian Squeeze.  This is the first update since
3846 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">the
3847 initial release 2012-03-11</a>.  This is the
3848 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2013/03/msg00000.html">release
3849 announcement email from Holger</a>:</p>
3850
3851 <blockquote><p>Hi,</p>
3852
3853 <p>it's my pleasure to announce the immediate availability of Debian
3854 Edu 6.0.7+r1 ("Debian Edu Squeeze").</p>
3855
3856 <p>Debian Edu 6.0.7+r1 is an incremental update to Debian Edu
3857 6.0.4+r0, containing all the changes between Debian 6.0.4 and 6.0.7 as
3858 well Debian Edu specific bugfixes and enhancements. See below (in this
3859 mail) for the full list of (edu) changes.  Please see
3860 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311">http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311</a>
3861 for more information on "Debian Edu Squeeze".</p>
3862
3863 <p>Images are available for download at
3864 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/</a></p>
3865
3866 <p>md5sums:
3867 <br>1fe79eb4f0f9ae1c58fc318e26cc1e2e  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-CD.iso
3868 <br>a6ddd924a8bd9a1b5ca122e8fe1c34ec  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-DVD.iso
3869 <br>ac6c72cd7925ccec51bfbf58e2a7c69c  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-source-DVD.iso</p>
3870
3871 <p>sha1sums:
3872 <br>a4b58233b672a99c7df8dc24fb6de3327654a5c3  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-CD.iso
3873 <br>9b524915e0ff2aa793f13d93123e5bd2bab2dbaa  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-DVD.iso
3874 <br>43997614893fc5e9e59ad6ce066b05d07fd836fa  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-source-DVD.iso</p>
3875
3876 <p>These images are suitable for amd64+i386.</p>
3877
3878 <p>Changes for Debian Edu 6.0.7+r1 Codename "Squeeze", released
3879 2013-03-03:</p>
3880
3881 <ul>
3882   <li>sitesummary was updated from 0.1.3 to 0.1.8
3883   <ul>
3884         <li>Make Nagios configuration more robust and efficient</li>
3885         <li>Comply with 3.X kernel</li>
3886   </ul></li>
3887   <li>debian-edu-doc from 1.4~20120310~6.0.4+r0 to 1.4~20130228~6.0.7+r1
3888   <ul>
3889         <li>Minor updates from the wiki</li>
3890         <li>Danish translation now complete</li>
3891   </ul></li>
3892   <li>debian-edu-config from 1.453 to 1.455
3893      <ul>
3894         <li>Fix /etc/hosts for LTSP diskless workstations. Closes: #699880</li>
3895         <li>Make ltsp_local_mount script work for multiple devices.</li>
3896         <li>Correct Kerberos user policy: don't expire password after 2 days.
3897                 Closes: #664596</li>
3898         <li>Handle '#' characters in the root or first users password.
3899                 Closes: #664976</li>
3900         <li>Fixes for gosa-sync:
3901            <ul>
3902                 <li>Don't fail if password contains "</li>
3903                 <li>Don't disclose new password string in syslog</li>
3904            </ul></li>
3905         <li>Fixes for gosa-create:
3906            <ul>
3907                 <li>Invalidate libnss cache before applying changes</li>
3908                 <li>Multiple failures during mass user import into GOsa²</li>
3909                 <li>gosa-netgroups plugin: don't erase entries of attribute type
3910                          "memberNisNetgroup". Closes: #687256</li>
3911                 <li>First user now uses the same Kerberos policy as all other users</li>
3912            </ul></li>
3913         <li>Add Danish web page</li>
3914     </ul>
3915   <li>debian-edu-install from 1.528 to 1.530
3916     <ul>
3917         <li>Improve preseeding support and documentation</li>
3918     </ul></li>
3919 </ul>
3920
3921 <p>End-user documentation in English is available at
3922 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/</a>
3923 - translations to French, Italian, Danish and German are available in
3924 the debian-edu-doc package. (Other languages could use your help!)</p>
3925
3926 <p>If you want to contribute to Debian Edu, please join our
3927 mailinglist
3928 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@lists.debian.org</a>!
3929 </p></blockquote>
3930
3931 <p>I am very happy to see the fruits of a year of hard work. :)</p>
3932
3933       </div>
3934       <div class="tags">
3935
3936
3937         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3938
3939
3940       </div>
3941     </div>
3942     <div class="padding"></div>
3943
3944     <div class="entry">
3945       <div class="title">
3946         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Helge_Tore_H_yland.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Helge Tore Høyland</a>
3947       </div>
3948       <div class="date">
3949         22nd February 2013
3950       </div>
3951       <div class="body">
3952         <p>Etter en lang pause og travle uker har jeg endelig klart å få
3953 samlet et nytt intervju med en av folkene i
3954 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet.
3955 Denne gang er det Helge Tore Høyland, en mangeårig bidragsyter på
3956 epostlistene og ellers i prosjektet.</p>
3957
3958 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
3959
3960 <p>Eg er IT-konsulent/teknikker hjå eit firma i Steinkjer med navn
3961 <a href="http://unoit.no/">Uno IT</a>.  Uno IT er eit lite firma som
3962 drifter nettverk og maskiner for små og mellomstore firma
3963 Steinkjer-området. Per dags dato er me 2 ansatte. Min faglege bakgrunn
3964 er Fagbrev som it-teknikker, samt nokre fag innen nettverk- og
3965 server-drift frå HiST og NTNU. Dagleg arbeid består i oppsett av nye
3966 maskiner og hjelp til sluttbrukere, samt oppsett og vedlikehold av eit
3967 vidt spekter av fagsystemer ute hjå kunder. Erfaring med Skolelinux
3968 har eg hatt i forbindelse med drifting av
3969 <a href="http://www.bjorkly.no/">Bjørkly skule</a>, ein privat
3970 grunnskule i Namsos-området.  I dag har skulen 65 elever, 15 lærere, 1
3971 hovedserver og ca 60 klienter som kjører halvtjukt.  Eg har bygd og
3972 driftet systemet sidan summaren 2006.</p>
3973
3974 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
3975
3976 <p>Eg kom i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet via ein artikkel i eit
3977 fagblad, som eg ikkje lenger hugsar namnet på.  I og med at eg allereie
3978 hadde pusla med nettverk for ein annan skule, fatta eg straks
3979 interesse for prosjektet.</p>
3980
3981 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
3982
3983 <p>Fordelane med Skolelinux er sentralisert administrasjon og svært
3984 mange gode verktøy «ut av boksen». Veldig kjekt å kunne drifte 60
3985 klientar med berre å «bry» seg med ein server. Levetid for systemets
3986 hardware er og ein veldig fin effekt. I tillegg kjem fordelar som økt
3987 sikkerhet og mindre lisenskostnader. Etter min erfaring er det og
3988 mykje mindre driftskostnader med eit slikt system enn konkurrerande
3989 system, pga enkelhet med sentralisert administrasjon. På grunn av at
3990 Skolelinux er basert på Debian er det òg svært stabilt.</p>
3991
3992 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
3993
3994 <p>Ulemper er mangel på vilje til å følge standarer ute i markedet,
3995 som fører til mangel på støtte til nokre mykje brukte ting. Flash og
3996 Java er typiske eksempel. Sidan Debian satsar på stabilitet framfor å
3997 ha nyeste pakke av eit program, kan ein i nokre tilfeller kome borti
3998 at program vert «for gamle». Det er spesielt nettlesaren som er
3999 utsett. Mangel på vilje til å utvikle pedagogisk programvare, i Noreg,
4000 for «alle» platformer fører òg til noko hovudbry.</p>
4001
4002 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
4003
4004 <p>Til dagleg bruker eg svært mange forskjellige «fri programvare»
4005 program.  Firefox, Thunderbird, Freecommander, ImgBurn, Clonezilla,
4006 OCS inventory, Icinga, Skolelinux, SystemRescueCD og mykje meir.</p>
4007
4008 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
4009 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
4010
4011 <p>Strategisk må ein fokusere på at sluttbruker eigentleg ikkje er så
4012 fokusert på at det er fri programvare men at det skal «berre fungere».
4013 Gjer det enkelt å bruker og ikkje minst å administrere. For Skolelinux
4014 sin del må ein få eit betre fokus på overganger. Utbytting av servere
4015 må gå meir automatisk, import og eksport av brukerbase og maskinbase
4016 med meir må kunne gå enkelt og oppgradering til neste versjon må bli
4017 mykje meir automatisk og gjennomtesta. Ein må unngå at ein må sette
4018 opp frå start når ein byter ut ein server eller oppgraderer til neste
4019 versjon. For å få Skolelinux til å bli eit betre alternativ for skular
4020 må ein ha fokus på nettlesaren. Denne må bli «up to date» og støtte
4021 dei protokollar og tillegg som vert brukt av forlag med meir.  Etter
4022 kvart som meir og meir blir flytta ut i «skya» vert dette viktigare og
4023 viktigare. Ein kunne ynskje og jobbe for at forlag med fleire tar i
4024 bruk opne standarer, men inntil det skjer, må systemet kunne brukast
4025 mot desse fagsystema.</p>
4026
4027 <p>For meg har prosjektet med Skolelinux vore ein svært artig og
4028 lærerik prosess. Miljøet rundt er ikkje enormt stort, dog stort nok,
4029 men det er svært hjelpevillig og engasjert.</p>
4030
4031       </div>
4032       <div class="tags">
4033
4034
4035         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4036
4037
4038       </div>
4039     </div>
4040     <div class="padding"></div>
4041
4042     <div class="entry">
4043       <div class="title">
4044         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_Christmas_present_for_Skolelinux___Debian_Edu.html">A Christmas present for Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
4045       </div>
4046       <div class="date">
4047         28th December 2012
4048       </div>
4049       <div class="body">
4050         <p>I was happy to discover a few days ago that the
4051 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
4052 project also this year received a Christmas present from Another
4053 Agency in Trondheim.  NOK 1000,- showed up on our donation account
4054 December 24th.  I want to express our thanks for this very welcome
4055 present.  As the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project is very short on
4056 funding these days, and thus lack the money to do regular developer
4057 gatherings, this donation was most welcome.  One developer gathering
4058 cost around NOK 15&nbsp;000,-, so we need quite a lot more to keep the
4059 development pace we want.  Thus, I hope their example this year is
4060 followed by many others. :)</p>
4061
4062 <p>The public list of donors can be found on
4063 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/donations.html">the
4064 donation page</a> for the project, which also contain instructions if
4065 you want to donate to the project.</p>
4066
4067       </div>
4068       <div class="tags">
4069
4070
4071         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4072
4073
4074       </div>
4075     </div>
4076     <div class="padding"></div>
4077
4078     <div class="entry">
4079       <div class="title">
4080         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ledger___double_entry_accounting_using_text_based_storage_format.html">Ledger - double-entry accounting using text based storage format</a>
4081       </div>
4082       <div class="date">
4083         18th December 2012
4084       </div>
4085       <div class="body">
4086         <p>A few days ago I came across
4087 <a href="http://joeyh.name/blog/entry/hledger/">a blog post from Joey
4088 Hess</a> describing <a href="http://ledger-cli.org/">ledger</a> and
4089 hledger, a text based system for double-entry accounting.  I found it
4090 interesting, as I am involved with several organizations where
4091 accounting is an issue, and I have not really become too friendly with
4092 the different web based systems we use.  I find it hard to find what I
4093 look for in the menus and even harder try to get sensible data out of
4094 the systems.  Ledger seem different.  The accounting data is kept in
4095 text files that can be stored in a version control system, and there
4096
4097 are at least <a href="https://github.com/ledger/ledger/wiki/Ports">five
4098 different implementations</a> able to read the format.  An example
4099 entry look like this, and is simple enough that it will be trivial to
4100 generate entries based on CVS files fetched from the bank:</p>
4101
4102 <blockquote><pre>
4103 2004-05-27 Book Store
4104       Expenses:Books                 $20.00
4105       Liabilities:Visa
4106 </pre></blockquote>
4107
4108 <p>The concept seemed interesting enough for me to check it out and
4109 look for others using it.  I found blog posts from
4110 <a href="http://blog.spang.cc/posts/hledger_rocks_my_world/">Christine
4111 Spang</a>,
4112 <a href="http://bugsplat.info/2010-05-23-keeping-finances-with-ledger.html">Pete
4113 Keen</a>,
4114 <a href="http://blog.andrewcantino.com/blog/2010/11/06/command-line-accounting-with-ledger-and-reckon/">Andrew
4115 Cantino</a> and
4116 <a href="http://blog.iphoting.com/blog/2012/11/29/command-line-double-entry-accounting/">Ronald
4117 Ip</a> describing how they use it, as well as a post from
4118 <a href="https://groups.google.com/forum/?fromgroups=#!topic/ledger-cli/r0oWjwbQ9Bo">Bradley
4119 M. Kuhn</a> at the Software Freedom Conservancy.  All seemed like good
4120 recommendations fitting my need.</p>
4121
4122 <p>The <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/l/ledger.html">ledger</a>
4123 package is available in Debian Squeeze, while the
4124 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/h/haskell-hledger.html">hledger</a>
4125 package only is available in Debian Sid.  As I use Squeeze, ledger
4126 seemed the best choice to get started.</p>
4127
4128 <p>To get some real data to test on, I wrote a
4129 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/tools/lodo2ledger">web scraper</a> for
4130 <a href="http://www.lodo.no/">LODO</a>, the accounting system used by
4131 the <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">NUUG</a> association, and started to
4132 play with the data set.  I'm not really deeply into accounting, but I
4133 am able to get a simple balance and accounting status for example
4134 using the "<tt>ledger balance</tt>" command.  But I will have to
4135 gather more experience before I know if the ledger way is a good fit
4136 for the organisations I am involved in.</p>
4137
4138       </div>
4139       <div class="tags">
4140
4141
4142         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
4143
4144
4145       </div>
4146     </div>
4147     <div class="padding"></div>
4148
4149     <div class="entry">
4150       <div class="title">
4151         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Angela_Fu_.html">Debian Edu interview: Angela Fuß</a>
4152       </div>
4153       <div class="date">
4154         14th November 2012
4155       </div>
4156       <div class="body">
4157         <p>Here is another interview with one of the people in the <a
4158 href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
4159 community.  I am running short on people willing to be interviewed, so
4160 if you know about someone I should interview, Please send me an email.
4161 After asking for many months, I finally managed to lure another one of
4162 the people behind the German
4163 "<a href="http://wiki.it-zukunft-schule.de/">IT-Zukunft Schule</a>"
4164 project out from maternity leave to conduct an interview.  Give a warm
4165 welcome to Angela Fuß. :)</p>
4166
4167 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4168
4169 <p>I am a 39-year-old woman living in the very north of Germany near
4170 Denmark. I live in a patchwork family with "my man" Mike Gabriel, my
4171 two daughters, Mikes daughter and Mikes and my rather newborn son.
4172
4173 <p>At the moment - because of our little baby - I am spending most of
4174 the day by being a caring and organising mom for all the kids.
4175 Besides that I am really involved into and occupied with several inner
4176 growth processes: New born souls always bring the whole familiar
4177 system into movement and that needs time and focus ;-).  We are also
4178 in the middle of buying a house and moving to it.</p>
4179
4180 <p>In 2013 I will work again in my job in a German foundation for
4181 nature conservation. I am doing public relation work there.  Besides
4182 that - and that is the connection to Skolelinux / Debian Edu - I am
4183 working in our own school project "IT-Zukunft Schule" in North
4184 Germany. I am responsible for the quality assurance, the customer
4185 relationship management and the communication processes in the
4186 project.</p>
4187
4188 <p>Since 2001 I constantly have been training myself in communication
4189 and leadership. Besides that I am a forester, a landscaping gardener
4190 and a yoga teacher.</p>
4191
4192 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
4193 project?</strong></p>
4194
4195 <p>I fell in love with Mike ;-).</p>
4196
4197 <p>Very soon after getting to know him I was completely enrolled into
4198 Free Software.  At this time Mike did IT-services for one newly
4199 founded school in Kiel. Other schools in Kiel needed concepts for
4200 their IT environment.  Often when Mike came home from working at the
4201 newly founded school I found myself listening to his complaints about
4202 several points where the communication with the schools head or the
4203 teachers did not work.  So we were clear that he would not work for
4204 one more school if we did not set up a structure for communication
4205 between him, the schools head, the teachers, the students and the
4206 parents.</p>
4207
4208 <p>Together with our friend and hardware supplier Andreas Buchholz we
4209 started to get an overview of free software solutions suitable for
4210 schools. One day before Christmas 2010 Mike and I had a date with Kurt
4211 Gramlich in Gütersloh. As Kurt and I are really interested in building
4212 networks of people and in being in communication we dived into
4213 Skolelinux and brought it to the first grammar schools in Northern
4214 Germany.</p>
4215
4216 <p>For information about our school project you can read
4217 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Mike_Gabriel.html">the
4218 interview with Mike Gabriel</a>.</p>
4219
4220 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
4221 Edu?</strong></p>
4222
4223 <p>First I have to say: I cannot answer this question technically. My
4224 answer comes rather from a social point of view.</p>
4225
4226 <p>The biggest advantage of Skolelinux / Debian Edu I see is the large
4227 and strong international community of Debian Developers in the
4228 background which is very alive and connected over mailinglists, blogs
4229 and meetings. My constant feeling for the Debian Community is: If
4230 something does not work they will somehow fix it. All is well
4231 ;-). This is of course a user experience.  What I also get as a big
4232 advantage of Skolelinux / Debian Edu is that everybody who uses it and
4233 works with it can also contribute to it - that includes students,
4234 teachers, parents...</p>
4235
4236 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
4237 Edu?</strong></p>
4238
4239 <p>I will answer this question relating to the internal structure of
4240 Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
4241
4242 <p>What I see as a major disadvantage is that there is a gap between
4243 the group of developers for Debian Edu and the people who make the
4244 marketing, that means the people that bring Skolelinux to the
4245 schools. There is a lack of communication between these two groups and
4246 I think that does not really work for Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
4247
4248 <p>Further I appreciate that Skolelinux / Debian Edu is known as a
4249 do-ocracy. Nevertheless I keep asking myself if at some points a
4250 democracy or some kind of hierarchical project structure would be good
4251 and helpful.  I am also missing some kind of contact between the
4252 Skolelinux / Debian Edu communities in Europe or on an international
4253 level. I think it would be good if there was more sharing between the
4254 different countries using Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
4255
4256 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4257
4258 <p>On my laptop I am still using an Ubuntu 10.04 with a Gnome Desktop
4259 on.  As applications I use Openoffice.org, Gedit, Firefox, Pidgin,
4260 LaTeX and GnuCash. For mails I am using Horde. And I am really fond of
4261 my N900 running with Maemo.</p>
4262
4263 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4264 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4265
4266 <p>I am really convinced that in our school project "IT-Zukunft
4267 Schule" we have developed (and keep developing) a great way to get
4268 schools to use Free Software. We have written a detailed concept for
4269 that so I cannot explain the whole thing here. But in a nutshell the
4270 strategy has three crucial pillars:</p>
4271
4272 <ul>
4273
4274 <li>We really take time to get what sort of stories, questions and
4275 concerns the schools head and the teachers have about using different
4276 kinds of IT and we take time to enrol them into Free Software.</li>
4277
4278 <li>Our solution for schools is never just technical. In the centre
4279 are always the people who are going to use the software. From the very
4280 beginning of the planning for a school, we tell the schools head that
4281 they are paying us not only for a technical solution for their school,
4282 they also pay us for leading all the communication processes
4283 needed. If they do not want that, we are not working with them because
4284 we cannot give a guarantee for the quality of our work then.</li>
4285
4286 <li>Another focus lies in the training of teachers and students in
4287 co-administrating the IT-System at their school. They start getting in
4288 contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu community and they get the
4289 offer to become more and more independent from us.</li>
4290
4291 </ul>
4292
4293       </div>
4294       <div class="tags">
4295
4296
4297         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4298
4299
4300       </div>
4301     </div>
4302     <div class="padding"></div>
4303
4304     <div class="entry">
4305       <div class="title">
4306         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_noe_for_Ballangen___Leserinnlegg_til_avisen_Fremover_.html">Skolelinux noe for Ballangen? (Leserinnlegg til avisen Fremover)</a>
4307       </div>
4308       <div class="date">
4309         14th October 2012
4310       </div>
4311       <div class="body">
4312         <p>Tirsdag 2012-10-09 sendte jeg følgende leserinnlegg til avisen
4313 <a href="http://www.fremover.no/">Fremover</a>, etter å ha vært nordpå
4314 noen dager og lest noen gamle aviser.  Publiserer den her i sin helhet
4315 for fremtidig referanse.  Fremover publiserer dessverre ikke
4316 leserinnlegg på nett.</p>
4317
4318 <blockquote>
4319 <p>To: redaksjon (at) fremover.no
4320 <br>Subject: Leserinnlegg til Fremover: Skolelinux noe for Ballangen?</p>
4321
4322 <p>Ærede redaktør</p>
4323
4324 <p>I sommer (2012-07-23) hadde Fremover et oppslag om at Narvik
4325 kommune hadde spart mellom 10 og 20 millioner kroner de siste årene på
4326 å bruke Skolelinux på sine skoler.  Harstad har også tatt i bruk
4327 Skolelinux på alle sine skoler.  Som tidligere Ballangsværing gledet
4328 det meg stort å se at skoleløsningen vi har utviklet siden 2001 tas i
4329 bruk i området der jeg vokste opp, og dermed bidrar til en bedre og
4330 billigere skolehverdag.</p>
4331
4332 <p>Skolelinux er en komplett IT-løsning for elevnettverket på en
4333 skole, med både nettverkstjenester og løsning for elevmaskiner med
4334 pedagogisk programvare, som tillater en å øke levetiden på en
4335 datamaskin i skolen med mange år.  En undersøkelse publisert i mars
4336 2012 viste at de 56 norske skolene som har offentliggjort at de bruker
4337 Skolelinux eller annen Linuxutgave hadde 36% større PC-tetthet enn
4338 landsgjennomsnittet, når en ser på tall rapportert til Grunnskolens
4339 Informasjonssystem.  I følge Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken, IKT-konsulent i
4340 Nord-Odal, fungerer datamaskiner godt til de er 8 til 10 år gamle.</p>
4341
4342 <p>I høst (2012-09-29) fortalte Fremover hvordan Ballangen kommune har
4343 opparbeidet seg 20 millioner i underskudd og nok havner på Robek-lista
4344 fra nyttår.  Kanskje Ballangen også burde ta i bruk Skolelinux for å
4345 spare penger?  Hvis kommunen mangler kompetanse lokalt på Linux finnes
4346 det kommersielle selskaper som tilbyr driftstjenester rundt
4347 Skolelinux, og jeg bør vel avsløre at jeg selv er involvert i et av
4348 dem, Skolelinux Drift AS.  Kommunen kan dermed få hjelp hvis de ikke
4349 ønsker å bygge opp egen kompetanse.</p>
4350
4351 <p>Vennlig hilsen
4352 <br>Petter Reinholdtsen
4353 <br>Fri programvareutvikler</p>
4354
4355 <p>Referanser:</p>
4356
4357 <ul>
4358
4359 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html</a></li>
4360 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html</a></li>
4361
4362 </ul>
4363
4364 </blockquote>
4365
4366 <p>Innlegget ble så vidt jeg vet trykket i papirutgaven et par dager
4367 senere, men jeg har ikke sett det selv.</p>
4368
4369       </div>
4370       <div class="tags">
4371
4372
4373         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4374
4375
4376       </div>
4377     </div>
4378     <div class="padding"></div>
4379
4380     <div class="entry">
4381       <div class="title">
4382         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Trengs_flere_frivillige_til_korrektur_av_den_frie_norske_stavekontrollen.html">Trengs flere frivillige til korrektur av den frie norske stavekontrollen</a>
4383       </div>
4384       <div class="date">
4385         13th October 2012
4386       </div>
4387       <div class="body">
4388         <p><a href="http://no.speling.org/">Den frie norske stavekontrollen</a>
4389 består av ca. 1,3 millioner bokmåls- og nynorskord.  Det er mange
4390 kilder til ordene, f.eks. den norske ordbanken, norske nett-aviser,
4391 stavekontrollbrukere og korrekturlesere, og endel feil har sneket seg
4392 inn i databasen over ord.  For å finne og fikse feilene trengs det
4393 korrekturlesing.  Her kommer frivillige inn.</p>
4394
4395 <p>Hvis du vil bidra med korrektur av orddatabasen, kan du melde deg
4396 frivillig som bokmåls- eller nynorskkorrekturleser og få tilsendt en
4397 liten bunke ord på epost hver dag, lese over og sende inn på epost
4398 tilbake til korrekturlesing-systemet.  Jo flere som sjekker, jo
4399 raskere kommer vi igjennom hele databasen.  Så langt har vi oppdaget
4400 341 bokmålsord og 50 nynorskord som ikke skal vært med i databasen.
4401 Det er nok noen flere.  I tillegg har korrekturleserne oppdaget flere
4402 ord som manglet, og fått lagt dem inn i stavekontrollen.</p>
4403
4404 <p>Hvis du vil bidra, følg instruksene på
4405 <a href="http://no.speling.org/dokumentasjon.html">prosjektsidene</a>
4406
4407 for nye bidragsytere, og ta kontakt med Håvard eller epostlisten
4408 <a href="https://lister.ping.uio.no/mailman/listinfo/i18n-no">i18n-no</a>.
4409 Gode norskkunnskaper er en fordel, og vilje til å sjekke
4410 <a href="http://www.nob-ordbok.uio.no/perl/ordbok.cgi">ordboka</a> et
4411 krav!</p>
4412
4413       </div>
4414       <div class="tags">
4415
4416
4417         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
4418
4419
4420       </div>
4421     </div>
4422     <div class="padding"></div>
4423
4424     <div class="entry">
4425       <div class="title">
4426         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ny_utgave__v2_1__av_den_frie_norske_stavekontrollen_gitt_ut.html">Ny utgave (v2.1) av den frie norske stavekontrollen gitt ut</a>
4427       </div>
4428       <div class="date">
4429          2nd October 2012
4430       </div>
4431       <div class="body">
4432         <p>I helga fikk jeg endelig pakket sammen en ny versjon av den norske
4433 stavekontrollen, og gikk ut versjon 2.1 etter at det var gått fire og
4434 et halvt år siden sist.  I dag fikk vi sendt ut annonseringen.  Her er
4435 det vi sendte ut:</p>
4436
4437 <p>Oslo, 2012-10-02</p>
4438
4439 <p><strong>Pressemelding: Ny utgave av norsk stavekontroll med
4440 synonymordliste</strong></p>
4441
4442 <p>Mer enn fire år etter at forrige utgave av den frie norske
4443 stavekontrollen ble utgitt, er en ny og forbedret versjon klar. Dette er
4444 noe utviklerne er veldig glade for.</p>
4445
4446 <p>Den største endringen er at byggesystemet for stavekontrollen er
4447 skrevet om til å akseptere ord med bindestrek (f.eks. «e-post»). Litt
4448 over 10.000 slike ordformer er lagt til i orddatabasen. I tillegg er
4449 det kommet en del nye ord og rettelser rapportert inn av de frivillige
4450 som gjennomfører korrektur av orddatabasen i prosjektet. For å få
4451 fortgang i dette korrekturarbeidet er det fint med flere frivillige
4452 som kan bidra i prosjektet.</p>
4453
4454 <p><blockquote>
4455  - En god og fritt tilgjengelig stavekontroll er en viktig byggestein
4456    for å fremme bruken av korrekt norsk språk, sier prosjektdeltager
4457    Petter Reinholdtsen.
4458 </blockquote></p>
4459
4460 <p>Takket være samarbeidet med synonymordlisteprosjektet er
4461 synonymordlista for bokmål tilgjengelig sammen med ordlista for bokmål
4462 og nynorsk. En synonymordliste for nynorsk er også med, men den er på
4463 prøvestadiet og meget liten.</p>
4464
4465 <p>Stavekontrollpakken og synonymordlistene brukes i
4466 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org, Koffice, Mozilla Thunderbird, Firefox og
4467 en rekke andre programmer, og på både Windows, Mac OS X, Linux og
4468 BSD.</p>
4469
4470 <p>Det hele utgis under den frie lisensen GPL og kan fritt lastes ned
4471 fra prosjektsidene på
4472 <a href="http://no.speling.org">no.speling.org</a>. Ferdige pakker for
4473 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org er også tilgjengelige fra samme sted.</p>
4474
4475 <p>Det norske stavekontrollprosjektet er i kontakt med lignende
4476 prosjekter for blant annet å forbedre stavekontrollteknologien, å
4477 utveksle verktøy for vedlikehold av orddatabasen og å få tilgang til
4478 relevante datasett. Et av disse prosjektene er et separat prosjekt ved
4479 Sametinget som er i gang med å utvikle samisk stavekontroll for blant
4480 annet Microsoft Word og OpenOffice.org.</p>
4481
4482 <p>Et søsterprosjekt for å lage grammatikk-kontroll for
4483 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org er igangsatt, men har ennå ikke kommet
4484 langt nok til å brukes. Frivillige til å bidra i dette prosjektet er
4485 også svært velkomne.</p>
4486
4487 <p><strong>Kontaktperson</strong></p>
4488
4489 <p><blockquote>
4490 Axel Bojer, prosjektdeltager
4491 <br>E-post: fri_programvare (at) bojer.no
4492 <br>Tlf: +47 954 32 417
4493 </blockquote></p>
4494
4495 <p><strong>Referanser</strong></p>
4496
4497 <ul>
4498
4499 <li>Det frie norske stavekontrollprosjektet for bokmål og nynorsk:
4500     <a href="http://no.speling.org">http://no.speling.org</a></li>
4501 <li>Samiske korrekturverktøy:
4502     <a href="http://divvun.no/">http://divvun.no/</a></li>
4503 <li>Ordlistene fra Norsk ordbank:
4504     <a href="http://www.edd.uio.no/prosjekt/ordbanken/">http://www.edd.uio.no/prosjekt/ordbanken/</a></li>
4505 <li>Last ned ordlistene:
4506     <a href="http://alioth.debian.org/frs/?group_id=30577">http://alioth.debian.org/frs/?group_id=30577</a>
4507     (PS: no_NO-pack2 for OOo 2.x))</li>
4508 </ul>
4509
4510 <p><strong>Fra NEWS-fila i kildekodepakken</strong></p>
4511
4512 <p>Release 2.1 (2012-09-30)</p>
4513
4514 <ul>
4515
4516 <li>Switch to new version scheme. Make new version 2.1, not 2.0.11. We do not
4517     release often enough to justify three digits.</li>
4518 <li>Switch build rules to build OOo v2 thesaurus files, as the v1 build rules
4519     no longer work. This require the libmythes-dev package on Debian.</li>
4520 <li>Introduce new Makefile variables hyphendir and thesdir to make it easier to
4521     control where to install these.</li>
4522 <li>Change script used to import from no.speling.org, to load new word
4523     boundaries if at least two people believed the boundaries was correct.</li>
4524 <li>Added word boundaries for several words (around 500 words) using the
4525     updated script.</li>
4526 <li>Imported thesarus for bokmål from synonymer.merg.net.</li>
4527 <li>Rewrote build rules to use = instead of - as combined word marker, thus
4528     allowing words like e-post.</li>
4529 <li>Imported a lot (around 10k words) of new words with dash (-) in them from
4530     no.speling.org now that it is handled by the build system.</li>
4531 </ul>
4532
4533       </div>
4534       <div class="tags">
4535
4536
4537         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
4538
4539
4540       </div>
4541     </div>
4542     <div class="padding"></div>
4543
4544     <div class="entry">
4545       <div class="title">
4546         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Giorgio_Pioda.html">Debian Edu interview: Giorgio Pioda</a>
4547       </div>
4548       <div class="date">
4549         17th September 2012
4550       </div>
4551       <div class="body">
4552         <p>After a long break in my row of interviews with people in the
4553 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
4554 community, I finally found time to wrap up another.  This time it is
4555 Giorgio Pioda, which showed up on the mailing list at the start of
4556 this year, asking questions and inspiring us to improve the first time
4557 administrators experience with Skolelinux. :) The interview was
4558 conduced in May, but I only found time to publish it now.</p>
4559
4560 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4561
4562 <p>I have a PhD in chemistry but since several years I work as teacher
4563 in secondary (15-18 year old students) and tertiary (a kind of "light"
4564 university) schools. Five years ago I started to manage a Learning
4565 Management Service server and slowly I got more and more involved with
4566 IT. 3 years ago the graduating schools moved completely to Linux and I
4567 got the head of the IT for this. The experience collected in chemistry
4568 labs computers (for example NMR analysis of protein folding) and in
4569 the IT-courses during university where sufficient to start. Self
4570 training is anyway very important</p>
4571
4572 <p>I live in the Italian speaking part of Switzerland, and the
4573 <a href="http://www.spse.ch/">SPSE school</a> (secondary) is a very
4574 special sport school for young people who try to became sport pro (for
4575 all sports, we have dozens of disciplines represented) and we are
4576 recognised by the Olympic Swiss Organisation.
4577
4578 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
4579 project?</strong></p>
4580
4581 <p>Looking for Linux / Primary Domain Controller (PDC) I found it
4582 already several years ago. But since the system was still not
4583 Kerberized and since our schools relies strongly on laptops I didn't
4584 use it. I plan to introduce it in the next future, probably for the
4585 next school year, since the squeeze release solved this security
4586 hole.</p>
4587
4588 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4589 Edu?</strong></p>
4590
4591 <p>Many. First of all there is a strong and living community that is
4592 very generous for help and hints.  Chat help is crucial, together with
4593 the mailing list.  Second. With Skolelinux you get an already well
4594 engineered platform and you don't have to start to build up your PDC
4595 and your clients from GNU/scratch; I've already done this once and I
4596 can tell it, it is hard. Third, since Skolelinux is a standard
4597 platform, it is way easier to educate other IT people and even if the
4598 head IT is sick another one could pick up the task without too much
4599 hassle.</p>
4600
4601 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4602 Edu?</strong></p>
4603
4604 <p>The only real problem I see is that it is a little too less
4605 flexible at client level. Debian stable is rocky and desirable, but
4606 there are many reasons that force for another choice. For example the
4607 need of new drivers for new PC, or the need for a specific OS for some
4608 devices that have specific software packages for another specific
4609 distribution (I have such a case for whiteboards that have only
4610 Ubuntu packages). Thus, I prepared compatibility packages educlient
4611 and eduroaming, hoping not to use them ;-)</p>
4612
4613 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4614
4615 <p>I have a Debian Stable PDC at school (Kerberos, NIS, NFS) with
4616 mixed Debian and Ubuntu clients. If you think that this triad
4617 combination is exotic... well I discovered right yesterday that
4618 <a href="http://moo.nac.uci.edu/~hjm/Perceus-Report.html">Perceus</a>
4619 has the same...</p>
4620
4621 <p>For myself I run Debian wheezy/sid, but this combination is good
4622 only I you have enough competence to fix stuff for yourself, if
4623 something breaks.  Daily I use texmacs, gnumeric, a little bit of R
4624 statistics, kmplot, and less frequently OpenOffice.org.</p>
4625
4626 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4627 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4628
4629 <P>I think that the only real argument that school managers "hear" is
4630 cost reduction. They don't give too much weight on quality, stability,
4631 just because they are normally not open to change.</p>
4632
4633 <p>Students adapts very quickly to GNU/Linux (and for them being able
4634 to switch between different OS is a plus value); teachers and managers
4635 don't.</p>
4636
4637 <p>We decided to move to Linux because students at our school have own
4638 laptop and we have the responsibility to keep the laptop ready to use;
4639 we were really unsatisfied with Microsoft since every Monday we had 20
4640 machine to fix for viral infections... With Linux this has been
4641 reduced to zero, since people installs almost only from official
4642 repositories. I think that our special needs brought us to Linux.
4643 Those who don't have such needs will hardly move to Linux.</p>
4644
4645       </div>
4646       <div class="tags">
4647
4648
4649         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4650
4651
4652       </div>
4653     </div>
4654     <div class="padding"></div>
4655
4656     <div class="entry">
4657       <div class="title">
4658         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">Gladoppslag om Skolelinux i avisen Fremover</a>
4659       </div>
4660       <div class="date">
4661         15th August 2012
4662       </div>
4663       <div class="body">
4664         <p>I sommer hadde avisen <a href="http://www.fremover.no/">Fremover</a>
4665 et flott oppslag om bruken av
4666 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> på alle skolene
4667 der.  Artikkelen var på trykk på side 4 og 5 i papirutgaven
4668 2012-07-23, men mangler dessverre i nettutgaven av avisen.  Mine
4669 henvendelser til avisen for å få artikkelen på nett har så langt ikke
4670 vært vellykket.</p>
4671
4672 <p>Artikkelen med tittelen "Narvik kommune bruker gratisprogram i
4673 skolen - Har spart millioner", forteller om hvordan bruken av
4674 Skolelinux er en stor suksess i Narvik siden det ble tatt i bruk i
4675 2004.  Her er noen fine sitater:</p>
4676
4677 <blockquote>
4678 "- Skolelinux har spart kommunen for store pengesummer, millionbeløp,
4679   som de heller kan bruke på andre ting, sier IKT-konsulent Viggo
4680   Fedreheim."
4681 </blockquote>
4682
4683 <p>Avisen forteller at de har fått tilgang til beregninger som viser
4684 at Narvik kommune har spart noe mellom 10 og 20 millioner kroner de
4685 siste 8 årene på å bruke Skolelinux, og fortsetter:</p>
4686
4687 <blockquote>
4688
4689 "Regnestykket tar høyde for sparte kostnader til lisenser som medfølger
4690 de alternative operativsystemene, lavere driftskostnader og lengre
4691 levetid på datautstyret.  Totalt har Narvikskolen en maskinpark på
4692 1600 maskiner fordelt på de 11 skolene fra Skjomen i sør til Bjerkvik
4693 i nord."
4694
4695 </blockquote>
4696
4697 <p>Viggo Fedreheim sier dette om hvor noe av gevinsten kommer fra:</p>
4698
4699 <blockquote>
4700 "- Vi kan gjenbruke gamle maskiner i skolen som er for dårlig andre
4701   steder i kommunen der de ikke bruker Skolelinux.  Levetiden på en
4702   datamaskin blir 3-5 år lenger med Skolelinux.  Vi kaller det for
4703   grønn IT, miljøvennlig IT."
4704 </blockquote>
4705
4706 <p>Her er det mulighet for flere kommuner å få et godt IT-system på
4707 skolene, hvis de er villige til å forsøke.  De som ikke har kompetanse
4708 innomhus kan kjøpe det fra en av de kommersielle leverandørene av
4709 Skolelinux-tjenester, som <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux
4710 Drift AS</a> (der jeg er styremedlem).  Komplett liste er tilgjengelig
4711 via
4712 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Help/ProfessionalHelp">wikien</a>.</p>
4713
4714 <p>Update 2012-08-16: Today I was allowed by Fremover to put the PDF I
4715 received from them with a copy of the article on the Internet.  It is
4716 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/2012-07-23-fremover-narvik.pdf">now
4717 available</a> in the Skolelinux press archive.</p>
4718
4719       </div>
4720       <div class="tags">
4721
4722
4723         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4724
4725
4726       </div>
4727     </div>
4728     <div class="padding"></div>
4729
4730     <div class="entry">
4731       <div class="title">
4732         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Tips_for___bli_med_i_Skolelinux_prosjektet__som_faktisk_er_aktivt_.html">Tips for å bli med i Skolelinux-prosjektet (som faktisk er aktivt)</a>
4733       </div>
4734       <div class="date">
4735         19th July 2012
4736       </div>
4737       <div class="body">
4738         <p>Jeg fikk nettopp spørsmål på epost om Skolelinux-prosjektet lever
4739 fra en som var interessert i å bidra, og måtte jo konstatere at i og
4740 med at spørsmålet ble stilt har prosjektet ikke lyktes med å formidle
4741 sin aktivitet.  Her er det jeg svarte:</p>
4742
4743 <p><blockquote>
4744 <p>Jada, <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektet</a>
4745 lever, men det meste av utvikling foregår nå under paraplyen
4746 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/">Debian Edu</a> som er det
4747 internasjonale navnet på prosjektet.  Dugnaden i Norge organiseres av
4748 medlemsforeningen
4749 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
4750 Skolen</a>, og det finnes minst ett selskap som selger kommersiell
4751 support på løsningen (<a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux
4752 Drift AS</a>, der jeg er styremedlem).  Anbefaler at du melder deg på
4753 epostlisten
4754 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@lists.debian.org</a>
4755 (og debian-edu-announce) og
4756 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">melder deg inn i
4757 foreningen</a> for å få beskjed om aktivitet som planlegges.  Det
4758 planlegges
4759 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering">utviklersamlinger
4760 i august</a> og utover høsten.</p>
4761
4762 <p>Bidra gjerne med å spre ordet om Skolelinux.  Det er alt for få som
4763 bidrar til pressedekning, bloggposter, twittermeldinger, etc. :)</p>
4764
4765 <p>Jeg antar du har funnet
4766 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju/">bloggserien
4767 min med intervjuer</a>.  Det er antagelig også interessant for deg å
4768 følge med på <a href="http://planet.skolelinux.org/">Planet
4769 Skolelinux</a>.</p>
4770
4771 <p>Hm, jeg burde vel blogge alle disse lenkene slik at de blir enklere
4772 å finne...</p>
4773 </blockquote></p>
4774 <p>Herved gjort. :)</p>
4775
4776       </div>
4777       <div class="tags">
4778
4779
4780         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4781
4782
4783       </div>
4784     </div>
4785     <div class="padding"></div>
4786
4787     <div class="entry">
4788       <div class="title">
4789         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__George_Bredberg.html">Debian Edu interview: George Bredberg</a>
4790       </div>
4791       <div class="date">
4792          9th July 2012
4793       </div>
4794       <div class="body">
4795         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
4796 Skolelinux</a> project have users all over the globe, but until
4797 recently we have not known about any users in Norway's neighbour
4798 country Sweden.  This changed when George Bredberg showed up in March
4799 this year on the mailing list, asking interesting questions about how
4800 to adjust and scale the just released
4801 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
4802 Wheezy</a> setup to his liking.  He granted me an interview, and I am
4803 happy to share his answers with you here.</p>
4804
4805 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4806
4807 <p>I'm a 44 year old country guy that have been working 12 years at
4808 the same school as 50% IT-manager and 50% Teacher. My educational
4809 background is fil.kand in history and religious beliefs, an exam as a
4810 "folkhighschool" teacher, that is, for teaching grownups.  In
4811 Norwegian I believe it's called "Vuxenupplaring". I also have a master
4812 in "Technology and social change". So I'm not really a tech guy, I
4813 just like to study how humans and technology interact and that is my
4814 perspective when working with IT.</p>
4815
4816 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
4817 project?</strong></p>
4818
4819 I have followed the Skolelinux project for quite some time by
4820 now. Earlier I tested out the K12-LTSP project, which we used for some
4821 time, but I really like the idea of having a distribution aimed to be
4822 a complete solution for schools with necessary tools integrated. When
4823 K12-LTSP abandoned that idea some years ago, I started to look more
4824 seriously into Skolelinux instead.
4825
4826 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4827 Edu?</strong></p>
4828
4829 The big point of Skolelinux to me is that it is a complete
4830 distribution, ready to install. It has LDAP-support, MS Windows
4831 integration tools and so forth already configured, saving an
4832 administrator a lot of time and headache. We were using another Linux
4833 based thin-client system called Thinlinc, that has served us very
4834 well. But that Skolelinux is based on VNC and LTSP, to me, is better
4835 when it comes to the kind of multimedia used in schools. That is
4836 showing videos from Youtube or educational TV. It is also easier to
4837 mix thin clients with workstations, since the user settings will be the
4838 same. In our VNC-based solution you had to "beat around the bush" by
4839 setting up a second, hidden, home-directory for user settings for the
4840 workstations, because they will be different from the ones used on the
4841 thin clients. Skolelinux support for diskless workstations are very
4842 convenient since a school today often need to use a class room
4843 projector showing videos in full screen. That is easily done with a
4844 small integrated media computer running as a diskless workstation. You
4845 have only two installs to update and configure. One for the thin
4846 clients and one for the workstations. Also saving a lot of time.  Our
4847 old system was also based on Redhat and CentOS. They are both very
4848 nice distributions, but they are sometimes painfully slow when it
4849 comes to updating multimedia support and multimedia programs (even
4850 such as Gimp), leaving us with a bit "oldish" applications. Debian is
4851 quicker to update.
4852
4853 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4854 Edu?</strong></p>
4855
4856 <p>Debian is a bit too quick when it comes to updating. As an example
4857 we use old HP terminals as thinclients, and two times already this
4858 year (2012) the updates you get from the repositories has stopped
4859 sound from working with them.  It's a kernel/ALSA issue. So you have
4860 to be more careful properly testing the updates before you run them in
4861 a production environment. This has never happened with CentOS.</p>
4862
4863 <p>I also would like to be able to set my own domain-settings at
4864 install time.  In Skolelinux they are kind of hard coded into the
4865 distribution, when it comes to LDAP and at least samba integration.
4866 That is more a cosmetic/translation issue, and not a real problem.
4867 Running MS Windows applications within the Skolelinux environment needs
4868 to be better supported. That is, running them seamlessly via RDP, and
4869 support for single-sign on.  That will make the transition to free
4870 software easier, because you can keep the applications you really
4871 need.  No support will make it impossible if you work in a school where
4872 some applications can't be open source. As for us we really need to
4873 run Adobe InDesign in our journalist classes.  We run a journalist
4874 education, and is one of the very few non university ones that is ok:d
4875 by Svenska journalistförbundet (Swedish journalist association).  Our
4876 education gives the pupils the right of membership there, once they
4877 are done.  This is important if you want to get a job.</p>
4878
4879 <p>Adobe InDesign is the program most commonly used in newspapers and
4880 magazines.  We used Quark Express before, but they seem to loose there
4881 market to Adobe. The only "equivalent" to InDesign in the opensource
4882 world is Scribus, and its not advanced enough. At least not according
4883 to the teacher. I think it would be possible to use it, because they
4884 are not supposed to learn a program, they are supposed to learn how to
4885 edit and compile a newspaper.  But politically at our school we are not
4886 there yet.  And Scribus lacks a lot of things you find i InDesign.</p>
4887
4888 <p>We used even a windows program for sound editing when it comes to
4889 the radio-journalist part. The year to come we are going to try
4890 Audacity. That software has the same kind of limitations compared to
4891 Adobe Audition, but that teacher is a bit more open minded. We have
4892 tried Ardour also, but that instead is more like a music studio
4893 program, not intended for the kind of editing taking place in a radio
4894 studio. Its way to complex and the GUI is to scattered when you only
4895 want to cut, make pass-overs, add extra channels and normalise.  Those
4896 things you can do in Audacity, but its not as easy as in Audition. You
4897 have to do more things manually with envelopes, and that is a bit old
4898 fashion and timewasting. Its also harder to cut and move sound from
4899 one channel to another, which is a thing that you do frequently
4900 because you often find yourself needing to rearrange parts of the
4901 sound file.</p>
4902
4903 <p>So, I am not sure we will succeed in replacing even Audition, but we
4904 will try.  The problem is the students have certain expectations when
4905 they start an education towards a profession.  So the programs has to
4906 look and feel professional.  Good thing with radio, there are many
4907 programs out there, that radio studios use, so its not as standardised
4908 as Newspaper editing. That means, it does not really matter what
4909 program they learn, because once they start working they still have to
4910 learn the program the studio uses, so instead focus has to be to learn
4911 the editing part without to much focus on a specific software.</p>
4912
4913 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4914
4915 <p>Myself I'm running Linux Mint, or Ubuntu these days.  I use almost
4916 only open source software, and preferably Linux based. When it comes
4917 to most used applications its OpenOffice, and Firefox (of course ;)
4918 )</p>
4919
4920 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4921 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4922
4923 <p>To get schools to use free software there has to be good open
4924 source software that are windows based, to ease the transition. But
4925 it's also very important that the multimedia support is working
4926 flawlessly.  The problems with Youtube, Twitter, Facebook and whatever
4927 will create problems when it comes to both teachers and
4928 students. Economy are also important for schools, so using thin
4929 clients, as long as they have good multimedia support, is a very good
4930 idea. It's also important that the open source software works even for
4931 the administration.  It's hard to convince the teachers to stick with
4932 open source, if the principal has to run Windows.  It also creates a
4933 problem if some classes has to use Windows for there tasks, since that
4934 will create a difference in "status" between classes, so a good
4935 support for running windows applications via the thin client (Linux)
4936 desktop is essential.  At least at our school, where we have mixed
4937 level of educations, from high-school to journalist-school.</p>
4938
4939 <p>Update 2012-07-09 08:30: Paul Wise tipped me on IRC about three
4940 useful sources related to Free Software for radio stations: the LWN
4941 article <a href="https://lwn.net/Articles/481607/">Radio station
4942 management with Airtime</a>,
4943 <a href="http://www.sourcefabric.org/en/airtime/">Airtime</a> which
4944 claim to be a Free open source radio automation software and
4945 <a href="http://www.rivendellaudio.org/">Rivendell</a> which claim to
4946 be complete radio broadcast automation solution.  All of them seem
4947 useful to the aspiring radio producer.</p>
4948
4949       </div>
4950       <div class="tags">
4951
4952
4953         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4954
4955
4956       </div>
4957     </div>
4958     <div class="padding"></div>
4959
4960     <div class="entry">
4961       <div class="title">
4962         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_do_schools_waste_money_on_IT_.html">Why do schools waste money on IT?</a>
4963       </div>
4964       <div class="date">
4965          8th July 2012
4966       </div>
4967       <div class="body">
4968         <p>In the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project, we have realised that one
4969 of the major blockers for the project success is the purchasing skills
4970 in schools and municipalities.  We provide what the happy users of
4971 Debian Edu / Skolelinux say they need and to a lower cost than the
4972 alternatives, and yet so few schools decide to use our solution.  I
4973 was pleased to discover the same observation done by mySociety and Tom
4974 Steinberg in his blog post
4975 "<a href="http://www.mysociety.org/2012/06/19/can-you-recognize-the-million-pound-chair/">Can
4976 you recognize the million pound chair?</a>".  Read it and weep for the
4977 spending of your tax money.</p>
4978
4979 <p>Of course there are other factors involved as well, like our
4980 projects bad marketing skills and the Linux community fragmentation
4981 causing worry with the people on the outside, so we as a project need
4982 to keep working hard to gain users, but it is a up-hill battle when
4983 public decision makers are unable to understand computer system
4984 purchases.</p>
4985
4986       </div>
4987       <div class="tags">
4988
4989
4990         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4991
4992
4993       </div>
4994     </div>
4995     <div class="padding"></div>
4996
4997     <div class="entry">
4998       <div class="title">
4999         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Free_Timetabling_Software___nice_free_software.html">Free Timetabling Software - nice free software</a>
5000       </div>
5001       <div class="date">
5002          7th July 2012
5003       </div>
5004       <div class="body">
5005         <p>Included in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
5006 Skolelinux</a> is a large collection of end user and school specific
5007 software.  It is one of the packages not installed by default but
5008 provided in the Debian archive for schools to install if they want to,
5009 is a system to automatically plan the school time table using
5010 information about available teachers, classes and rooms, combined with
5011 the list of required courses and how many hours each topic should
5012 receive.  The software is
5013
5014 <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/">named FET</a>, and it provide a
5015 graphical user interface to input the required information, save the
5016 result in a fairly simple XML format, and generate time tables for
5017 both teachers and students.  It is available both for
5018 <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/download.html">Linux, MacOSX and
5019 Windows</a>.</p>
5020
5021 <p>This is <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/features.html">the
5022 feature list</a>, liftet from the project web site:</p>
5023
5024 <p><ul>
5025
5026   <li>FET is free software, licensed under the GNU GPL v2 or later.
5027     You can freely use, copy, modify and redistribute it </li>
5028
5029   <li>Localized to en_US (US English, default), ar (Arabic), ca
5030     (Catalan), da (Danish), de (German), el (Greek), es (Spanish), fa
5031     (Persian), fr (French), gl (Galician), he (Hebrew), hu
5032     (Hungarian), id (Indonesian), it (Italian), lt (Lithuanian), mk
5033     (Macedonian), ms (Malay), nl (Dutch), pl (Polish), pt_BR
5034     (Brazilian Portuguese), ro (Romanian), ru (Russian), si (Sinhala),
5035     sk (Slovak), sr (Serbian), tr (Turkish), uk (Ukrainian), uz
5036     (Uzbek) and vi (Vietnamese) (incompletely for some languages)
5037     </li>
5038
5039   <li>Fully automatic generation algorithm, allowing also
5040     semi-automatic or manual allocation</li>
5041
5042   <li>Platform independent implementation, allowing running on
5043     GNU/Linux, Windows, Mac and any system that Qt supports </li>
5044
5045   <li>Flexible modular XML format for the input file, allowing editing
5046     with an XML editor or by hand (besides FET interface)</li>
5047
5048   <li>Import/export from CSV format</li>
5049
5050   <li>The resulted timetables are exported into HTML, XML and CSV
5051     formats </li>
5052
5053   <li>Flexible students structure, organized into sets: years, groups
5054     and subgroups. FET allows overlapping years and groups and
5055     non-overlapping subgroups. You can even define individual students
5056     (as separate sets)</li>
5057
5058   <li>Each constraint has a weight percentage, from 0.0% to 100.0%
5059     (but some special constraints are allowed to have only 100% weight
5060     percentage)</li>
5061
5062   <li>Limits for the algorithm (all these limits can be increased on
5063     demand, as a custom version, because this would require a bit more
5064     memory):
5065     <ul>
5066       <li>Maximum total number of hours (periods) per day: 60</li>
5067       <li>Maximum number of working days per week: 35</li>
5068       <li>Maximum total number of teachers: 6000</li>
5069       <li>Maximum total number of sets of students: 30000</li>
5070       <li>Maximum total number of subjects: 6000</li>
5071       <li>Virtually unlimited number of activity tags</li>
5072       <li>Maximum number of activities: 30000</li>
5073       <li>Maximum number of rooms: 6000</li>
5074       <li>Maximum number of buildings: 6000</li>
5075       <li>Possibility of adding multiple teachers and
5076           students sets for each activity.  (it is possible
5077           also to have no teachers or no students sets for an
5078           activity)</li>
5079       <li>Virtually unlimited number of time constraints</li>
5080       <li>Virtually unlimited number of space constraints</li>
5081     </ul></li>
5082
5083   <li>A large and flexible palette of time constraints:
5084     <ul>
5085       <li>Break periods</li>
5086       <li>For teacher(s):
5087         <ul>
5088           <li>Not available periods</li>
5089           <li>Max/min days per week</li>
5090           <li>Max gaps per day/week</li>
5091           <li>Max hours daily/continuously</li>
5092           <li>Min hours daily</li>
5093           <li>Max hours daily/continuously with an activity tag</li>
5094
5095           <li>Respect working in an hourly interval a max number of
5096             days per week</li>
5097         </ul></li>
5098       <li>For students (sets):
5099         <ul>
5100           <li>Not available periods</li>
5101           <li>Begins early (specify max allowed beginnings at second hour)</li>
5102           <li>Max gaps per day/week</li>
5103           <li>Max hours daily/continuously</li>
5104           <li>Min hours daily</li>
5105           <li>Max hours daily/continuously with an activity tag</li>
5106
5107           <li>Respect working in an hourly interval a max number of
5108             days per week</li>
5109         </ul></li>
5110       <li>For an activity or a set of activities/subactivities:
5111         <ul>
5112           <li>A single preferred starting time</li>
5113           <li>A set of preferred starting times</li>
5114           <li>A set of preferred time slots</li>
5115           <li>Min/max days between them</li>
5116           <li>End(s) students day</li>
5117           <li>Same starting time/day/hour</li>
5118           <li>Occupy max time slots from selection (a complex and
5119             flexible constraint, useful in many situations)</li>
5120           <li>Consecutive, ordered, grouped (for 2 or 3 (sub)activities)</li>
5121           <li>Not overlapping</li>
5122           <li>Max simultaneous in selected time slots</li>
5123           <li>Min gaps between a set of (sub)activities</li>
5124         </ul></li>
5125     </ul></li>
5126
5127   <li>A large and flexible palette of space constraints:
5128     <ul>
5129       <li>Room not available periods</li>
5130       <li>For teacher(s):
5131         <ul>
5132           <li>Home room(s)</li>
5133           <li>Max building changes per day/week</li>
5134           <li>Min gaps between building changes</li>
5135         </ul>
5136       </li>
5137
5138       <li>For students (sets):
5139         <ul>
5140           <li>Home room(s)</li>
5141           <li>Max building changes per day/week</li>
5142           <li>Min gaps between building changes</li>
5143         </ul>
5144       </li>
5145       <li>Preferred room(s):
5146         <ul>
5147           <li>For a subject</li>
5148           <li>For an activity tag</li>
5149           <li>For a subject and an activity tag</li>
5150           <li>Individually for a (sub)activity</li>
5151         </ul>
5152       </li>
5153
5154       <li>For a set of activities:
5155         <ul>
5156           <li>Occupy a maximum number of different rooms</li>
5157         </ul>
5158       </li>
5159     </ul>
5160   </li>
5161 </ul></p>
5162
5163 <p>I have not used it myself, as I am not involved in time table
5164 planning at a school, but it seem to work fine when I test it.  If you
5165 need to set up your schools time table, and is tired of doing it
5166 manually, check it out.
5167
5168 A quick summary on how to use it can be found in
5169 <a href="http://marvelsoft.co.in/wp/2012/03/generate-timetable-for-state-cbse-icse-igcse-schools-free/">a
5170 blog post from MarvelSoft</a>.  If you find FET useful, please provide
5171 a recipe for the Debian Edu project in the
5172 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu#Howtos">Debian Edu HowTo
5173 section</a>.</p>
5174
5175       </div>
5176       <div class="tags">
5177
5178
5179         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5180
5181
5182       </div>
5183     </div>
5184     <div class="padding"></div>
5185
5186     <div class="entry">
5187       <div class="title">
5188         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Markus_Gamenius.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Markus Gamenius</a>
5189       </div>
5190       <div class="date">
5191         30th June 2012
5192       </div>
5193       <div class="body">
5194         <p>Tidligere leder av
5195 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no">foreningen som
5196 organiserer Skolelinux-dugnaden</a>, Markus Gamenius , har i vår vært
5197 i media og
5198 <a href="http://www.dn.no/privatokonomi/article2345489.ece">debattert
5199 skattepolitikk</a>, og det fikk meg til å høre om han kunne lokkes til
5200 å fortelle om hans inntrykk nå, etter at han ble lokket bort fra
5201 Linux- og <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-verden
5202 for å overta familiebedriften.  Her har vi hans betraktninger i dag,
5203 noen måneder etter at
5204 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Skolelinux
5205 Squeeze</a>-utgaven ble gitt ut.</p>
5206
5207 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
5208
5209 <p>Jeg heter Markus Gamenius og er 40 år.  Utdannet biolog med ymse
5210 fag på siden.  Har jobbet som lærer der jeg var driftsansvarlig på
5211 Ulsrud VGS i Oslo.  Senere eide og jobbet jeg flere år i Linuxlabs AS,
5212 som jeg solgte til Redpill Linpro AS (den gangen Linpro AS).  I dag
5213 jobber jeg med ulike investeringer, hovedsaklig i eiendom, men også i
5214 en del ulike IT-relaterte bedrifter.</p>
5215
5216 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
5217
5218 <p>Fruen og jeg dro på en lengre seiltur i 2000, der jeg måtte ha "noe
5219 å gjøre" under hjemturen over Atlanteren.  Jeg kjøpte et par bøker om
5220 Linux i en bokhandel i New York og ble veldig fascinert.  Etter
5221 hjemkomsten begynte jeg å jobbe på Ulsrud VGS, som naturfagslærer, men
5222 som IT-interessert ble jeg fort en del av den nye IT-satsningen som
5223 skulle løfte Ulsrud og gi skolen en bedre rykte.  Vi hadde ganske
5224 mange maskiner, som gikk på Win98 og to servere som ble oppgradert til
5225 Win2000.  Systemene var ustabil og dårlige.  På leting etter noe
5226 bedre, uten å knekke ryggen økonomisk, kom jeg over "Linux i Skolen"
5227 og Skolelinux.  Jeg tok kontakt med miljøet og en gjeng møtte opp på
5228 skolen, der vi gjorde en liten testinstallasjon.  Etter et par år var
5229 ryggraden på skolen Linux (Skolelinux) og vi hadde flere hundre
5230 maskiner, både tynne klienter (gamle og nye), bærbare (Debian) og noen
5231 stasjonære (Win2000).  På et tidspunkt var Ulsrud den råeste IT-skolen
5232 og det irriterte skolesjefen i Oslo, da de satset hardt på
5233 Windows.</p>
5234
5235 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5236
5237 <p>Det som gjorde at vi fikk inn Skolelinux var ene og alene
5238 økonomiske.  Det faktum at vi slapp å kjøpe masse nye lisenser og at
5239 vi kunne bruke gammel hardware.  Alt i alt gjorde dette at vi sparte
5240 mye, men i stede for å bruke mindre på IT brukte vi det vi sparte på å
5241 skaffe mer hardware og på den måten gi det beste tilbudet i landet til
5242 våre elever.  For oss som driftet var det himmel å ha et system som
5243 gikk å administrere sentralt og effektivt.  Det var heller ikke så
5244 dumt at vi kunne "låse" maskinene mer effektivt enn vi kunne med
5245 Microsoft Windows, slik at vi slapp mye feil og problemer som ble
5246 forårsaket av "kreative" elever.</p>
5247
5248 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5249
5250 <p>Det vi slet med var mangelen av en del programmer lærerne ville ha.
5251 Husker ikke alle, men det var et knippe med pedagogiske programmer de
5252 ikke fikk.  I dag tror jeg det problemet er langt mindre da det meste
5253 av disse kjøres gjennom nettleseren.</p>
5254
5255 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
5256
5257 <p>Jeg bruker mye Apple i dag og er ikke så stolt av det, men jeg har
5258 både OpenOffice, Firefox og en del andre programmer på den bærbare.
5259 Firefox brukes mest av disse.  På Apple-serveren hjemme bruker jeg
5260 HandBrake mye, og jeg har installert OpenWRT på flere av
5261 basestasjonene både hjemme og på jobben.  I tillegg til det har jeg i
5262 flere år finansiert et prosjekt som heter
5263 <a href="http://www.found.no/">Found IT</a>.  Dette er et prosjekt der
5264 vi lager et rammeverk for søk, der alt vi bruker fri programvare.  Det
5265 er Alex Brasetvik som er daglig leder i Found IT.</p>
5266
5267 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
5268 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
5269
5270 <p>Når det gjelder IT og skole er fortsatt økonomi veldig viktig.  Så
5271 man må oppfylle minimumskravene (ikke være best, men bra nok) og selge
5272 seg inn på hvor mye man sparer.  Det betyr selvsagt at man sparer på
5273 lisenser, men også på driftsinnsats.  Men nå når jeg ikke er en aktiv
5274 del av miljøet lenger hører jeg nesten ingen ting om fri programvare.
5275 Jeg stiller meg da spørsmålet om det har blitt stille rundt miljøet,
5276 eller om jeg kun så det tydeligere før når jeg var aktiv? Uansett er
5277 det for stille rundt Skolelinux-prosjektet nå.</p>
5278
5279       </div>
5280       <div class="tags">
5281
5282
5283         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5284
5285
5286       </div>
5287     </div>
5288     <div class="padding"></div>
5289
5290     <div class="entry">
5291       <div class="title">
5292         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Jos__Luis_Redrejo_Rodr_guez.html">Debian Edu interview: José Luis Redrejo Rodríguez</a>
5293       </div>
5294       <div class="date">
5295         26th June 2012
5296       </div>
5297       <div class="body">
5298         <p>I've been too busy at home, but finally I found time to wrap up
5299 another interview with the people behind
5300 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>.
5301 This time we get to know José Luis Redrejo Rodríguez, one of our great
5302 helpers from Spain.  His effort was the reason we added support for
5303 several desktop types (KDE, Gnome and most recently LXDE) in Debian
5304 Edu, and have all of these available in the recently published
5305 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
5306 Squeeze</a> version.</p>
5307
5308 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5309
5310 <p>I'm a father, teacher and engineer who is working for the Education
5311 ministry of the Region of Extremadura (Spain) in the implementation of
5312 ICT in schools</p>
5313
5314 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5315 project?</strong></p>
5316
5317 <p>At 2006, I verified that both, we in Extremadura and Skolelinux
5318 project, had been working in parallel for some years, doing very
5319 similar things, using very similar tools and with similar targets, so
5320 I decided it was time to join forces as much as possible.</p>
5321
5322 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5323 Edu?</strong></p>
5324
5325 <p>A community of highly skilled experts working together, with a
5326 really open schema of collaboration and work. I really love the
5327 concepts of Do-ocracy and Merit-ocracy and the way these concepts are
5328 been used everyday inside Debian Edu.</p>
5329
5330 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5331 Edu?</strong></p>
5332
5333 <p>Sometimes the differences in the implementations, laws or
5334 economical and technical resources in the different countries don't
5335 allow us to agree in the same solution for all of us, and several
5336 approaches are needed, what is a waste of effort. Also, there is a
5337 lack of more man power to be able to follow the fast evolution of the
5338 technologies in school.</p>
5339
5340 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5341
5342 <p>Debian, of course, and due to my kind of job I am most of my time
5343 between Iceweasel, <a href="http://www.geany.org/">Geany</a> and
5344 <a href="http://www.ohloh.net/p/gnome-terminator">Terminator</a>.</p>
5345
5346 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5347 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5348
5349 <p>I think there is not a single strategy because there are very
5350 different scenarios: schools with mixed proprietary and free
5351 environments, schools using only workstations, other schools using
5352 laptops, netbooks, tablets, interactive white-boards, etc.</p>
5353
5354 <p>Also the range of ages of the students is very broad and you can
5355 not use the same solutions for primary schools and secondary or even
5356 universities. So different strategies are needed.</p>
5357
5358 <p>But, looking at these differences, and looking back to the things
5359 we've done and implemented, and the places were we have spent most of
5360 our forces, I think we should focus as much as possible in free
5361 multi-platform environments, using only standards tools, and moving
5362 more and more to Internet or network solutions that could be deployed
5363 using wireless. I think we'll see more and more personal devices in
5364 the schools, devices the students and teachers will take home with
5365 them, so the solutions must be able to be taken at home and continue
5366 working there.</p>
5367
5368       </div>
5369       <div class="tags">
5370
5371
5372         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5373
5374
5375       </div>
5376     </div>
5377     <div class="padding"></div>
5378
5379     <div class="entry">
5380       <div class="title">
5381         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu___some_ideas_for_the_future_versions.html">Debian Edu - some ideas for the future versions</a>
5382       </div>
5383       <div class="date">
5384         11th June 2012
5385       </div>
5386       <div class="body">
5387         <p>During my work on
5388 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.nb.html">Debian Edu
5389 based on Squeeze</a>, I came across some issues that should be
5390 addressed in the Wheezy release.  I finally found time to wrap up my
5391 notes and provide quick summary of what I found, with a bit
5392 explanation.</p>
5393
5394 <p><ul>
5395
5396 <li>We need to rewrite our package installation framework, as tasksel
5397 changed from using tasksel tasks to using meta packages (aka packages
5398 with dependencies like our education-* packages), and our installation
5399 system depend on tasksel tasks in
5400 /usr/share/tasksel/debian-edu-tasks.desc for package
5401 installation.</li>
5402
5403 <li>Enable Kerberos login for more services.  Now with the Kerberos
5404 foundation in place, we should use it to get single sign on with more
5405 services, and avoiding unneeded password / login questions.  We should
5406 at least try to enable it for these services:
5407 <ul>
5408
5409   <li>CUPS for admins to add/configure printers and users when using
5410     quotas.</li>
5411   <li>Nagios for admins checking the system status.</li>
5412   <li>GOsa for admins updating LDAP and users changing their passwords.</li>
5413   <li>LDAP for admins updating LDAP.</li>
5414   <li>Squid for users when exam mode / filtering is active.</li>
5415   <li>ssh for admins and users to save a password prompt.</li>
5416
5417 </ul></li>
5418
5419 <li>When we move GOsa to use Kerberos instead of LDAP bind to
5420 authenticate users, we should try to block or at least limit access to
5421 use LDAP bind for authentication, to ensure Kerberos is used when it
5422 is intended, and nothing fall back to using the less safe LDAP bind</li>
5423
5424 <li>Merge debian-edu-config and debian-edu-install.  The split made
5425 sense when d-e-install did a lot more, but these days it is just an
5426 inconvenience when we update the debconf preseeding values.</li>
5427
5428 <li>Fix partman-auto to allow us to abort the installation before
5429 touching the disk if the disk is too small.  This is
5430 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/653305">BTS report #653305</a> and the
5431 d-i developers are fine with the patch and someone just need to apply
5432 it and upload.  After this is done we need to adjust
5433 debian-edu-install to use this new hook.</li>
5434
5435 <li>Adjust to new LTSP framework (boot time config instead of install
5436 time config).  LTSP changed its design, and our hooks to install
5437 packages and update the configuration is most likely not going to work
5438 in Wheezy.
5439
5440 <li>Consider switching to NBD instead of NFS for LTSP root, to allow
5441 the Kernel to cache files in its normal file cache, possibly speeding
5442 up KDE login on slow networks.</li>
5443
5444 <li>Make it possible to create expired user passwords that need to
5445 change on first login.  This is useful when handing out password on
5446 paper, to make sure only the user know the password.  This require
5447 fixes to the PAM handling of kdm and gdm.</li>
5448
5449 <li>Make GUI for adding new machines automatically from sitesummary.
5450 The current command line script is not very friendly to people most
5451 familiar with GUIs.  This should probably be integrated into GOsa to
5452 have it available where the admin will be looking for it..</li>
5453
5454 <li>We should find way for Nagios to check that the DHCP service
5455 actually is working (as in handling out IP addresses).  None of the
5456 Nagios checks I have found so far have been working for me.</li>
5457
5458 <li>We should switch from libpam-nss-ldapd to sssd for all profiles
5459 using LDAP, and not only on for roaming workstations, to have less
5460 packages to configure and consistent setup across all profiles.</li>
5461
5462 <li>We should configure Kerberos to update LDAP and Samba password
5463 when changing password using the Kerberos protocol.  The hook was
5464 requested in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/588968">BTS report
5465 #588968</a> and is now available in Wheezy.  We might need to write a
5466 MIT Kerberos plugin in C to get this.</li>
5467
5468 <li>We should clean up the set of applications installed by default.
5469 <ul>
5470
5471 <li>reduce the number of chemistry visualisers</li>
5472 <li>consider dropping xpaint</li>
5473 <li>and probably more?</li>
5474 </ul></li>
5475
5476 <li>Some hardware need external firmware to work properly.  This is
5477 mostly the case for WiFi network cards, but there are some other
5478 examples too.  For popular laptops to work out of the box, such
5479 firmware need to be installed from non-free, and we should provide
5480 some GUI to do this.  Ubuntu already have this implemented, and we
5481 could consider using their packages.  At the moment we have some
5482 command line script to do this (one for the running system, another
5483 for the LTSP chroot).</li>
5484
5485
5486 <li>In Squeeze, we provide KDE, Gnome and LXDE as desktop options.  We
5487 should extend the list to Xfce and Sugar, and preferably find a way to
5488 install several and allow the admin or the user to select which one to
5489 use.</li>
5490
5491 <li>The golearn tool from the goplay package make it easy to check out
5492 interesting educational packages.  We should work on the package
5493 tagging in Debian to ensure it represent all the useful educational
5494 packages, and extend the tool to allow it to use packagekit to install
5495 new applications with a simple mouse click.</li>
5496
5497 <li>The Squeeze version got half a exam solution already in place,
5498 with the introduction of iptable based network blocking, but for it to
5499 be a complete exam solution the Squid proxy need to enable
5500 filtering/blocking as well when the exam mode is enabled.  We should
5501 implement a way to easily enable this for the schools that want it,
5502 instead of the "it is documented" method of today.</li>
5503
5504 <li>A feature used in several schools is the ability for a teacher to
5505 "take over" the desktop of individual or all computers in the room.
5506 There are at least three implementations,
5507 <a href="italc.sourceforge.net/">italc</a>,
5508 <a href="http://www.itais.net/help/en/">controlaula</a> og
5509 <a href="http://www.epoptes.org/">epoptes</a> and we should pick one of
5510 them and make it trivial to set it up in a school.  The challenges is
5511 how to distribute crypto keys and how to group computers in one room
5512 and how to set up which machine/user can control the machines in a
5513 given room.</li>
5514
5515 <li>Tablets and surf boards are getting more and more popular, and we
5516 should look into providing a good solution for integrating these into
5517 the Debian Edu network.  Not quite sure how.  Perhaps we should
5518 provide a installation profile with better touch screen support for
5519 them, or add some sync services to allow them to exchange
5520 configuration and data with the central server.  This should be
5521 investigated.</li>
5522
5523 </ul></p>
5524
5525 <p>I guess we will discover more as we continue to work on the Wheezy
5526 version.</p>
5527
5528       </div>
5529       <div class="tags">
5530
5531
5532         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5533
5534
5535       </div>
5536     </div>
5537     <div class="padding"></div>
5538
5539     <div class="entry">
5540       <div class="title">
5541         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Mike_Gabriel.html">Debian Edu interview: Mike Gabriel</a>
5542       </div>
5543       <div class="date">
5544          2nd June 2012
5545       </div>
5546       <div class="body">
5547         <p>Back in 2010, Mike Gabriel showed up on the
5548 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
5549 mailing list.  He quickly proved to be a valuable developer, and
5550 thanks to his tireless effort we now have Kerberos integrated into the
5551 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
5552 Squeeze</a> version.</p>
5553
5554 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5555
5556 <p>My name is Mike Gabriel, I am 38 years old and live near Kiel,
5557 Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. I live together with a wonderful partner
5558 (Angela Fuß) and two own children and two bonus children (contributed
5559 by Angela).</p>
5560
5561 <p>During the day I am part-time employed as a system administrator
5562 and part-time working as an IT consultant. The consultancy work
5563 touches free software topics wherever and whenever possible. During
5564 the nights I am a free software developer. In the gaps I also train in
5565 becoming an osteopath.</p>
5566
5567 <p>Starting in 2010 we (Andreas Buchholz, Angela Fuß, Mike Gabriel)
5568 have set up a free software project in the area of Kiel that aims at
5569 introducing free software into schools. The project's name is
5570 "IT-Zukunft Schule" (IT future for schools). The project links IT
5571 skills with communication skills.</p>
5572
5573 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5574 project?</strong></p>
5575
5576 <p>While preparing our own customised Linux distribution for
5577 "IT-Zukunft Schule" we were repeatedly asked if we really wanted to
5578 reinvent the wheel. What schools really need is already available,
5579 people said.  From this impulse we started evaluating other Linux
5580 distributions that target being used for school networks.</p>
5581
5582 <p>At the end we short-listed two approaches and compared them: a
5583 commercial Linux distribution developed by a company in Bremen,
5584 Germany, and Skolelinux / Debian Edu. Between 12/2010 and 03/2011 we
5585 went to several events and met people being responsible for marketing
5586 and development of either of the distributions. Skolelinux / Debian
5587 Edu was by far much more convincing compared to the other product that
5588 got short-listed beforehand--across the full spectrum. What was most
5589 attractive for me personally: the perspective of collaboration within
5590 the developmental branch of the Debian Edu project itself.</p>
5591
5592 <p>In parallel with this, we talked to many local and not-so-local
5593 people.  People teaching at schools, headmasters, politicians, data
5594 protection experts, other IT professionals.</p>
5595
5596 <p>We came to two conclusions:</p>
5597
5598 <p>First, a technical conclusion: What schools need is available in
5599 bits and pieces here and there, and none of the solutions really fit
5600 by 100%. Any school we have seen has a very individual IT setup
5601 whereas most of each school's requirements could mapped by a standard
5602 IT solution.  The requirement to this IT solution is flexibility and
5603 customisability, so that individual adaptations here and there are
5604 possible.  In terms of re-distributing and rolling out such a
5605 standardised IT system for schools (a system that is still to some
5606 degree customisable) there is still a lot of work to do here
5607 locally. Debian Edu / Skolelinux has been our choice as the starting
5608 point.</p>
5609
5610 <p>Second, a holistic conclusion: What schools need does not exist at
5611 all (or we missed it so far). There are several technical solutions
5612 for handling IT at schools that tend to make a good impression. What
5613 has been missing completely here in Germany, though, is the enrolment
5614 of people into using IT and teaching with IT. "IT-Zukunft Schule"
5615 tries to provide an approach for this.</p>
5616
5617 <p>Only some schools have some sort of a media concept which explains,
5618 defines and gives guidance on how to use IT in class. Most schools in
5619 Northern Germany do not have an IT service provider, the school's IT
5620 equipment is managed by one or (if the school is lucky) two (admin)
5621 teachers, most of the workload these admin teachers get done in there
5622 spare time.</p>
5623
5624 <p>We were surprised that only a very few admin teachers were
5625 networked with colleagues from other schools. Basically, every school
5626 here around has its individual approach of providing IT equipment to
5627 teachers and students and the exchange of ideas has been quasi
5628 non-existent until 2010/2011.</p>
5629
5630 <p>Quite some (non-admin) teachers try to avoid using IT technology in
5631 class as a learning medium completely. Several reasons for this
5632 avoidance do exist.</p>
5633
5634 <p>We discovered that no-one has ever taken a closer look at this
5635 social part of IT management in schools, so far. On our quest journey
5636 for a technical IT solution for schools, we discussed this issue with
5637 several teachers, headmasters, politicians, other IT professionals and
5638 they all confirmed: a holistic approach of considering IT management
5639 at schools, an approach that includes the people in place, will be new
5640 and probably a gain for all.</p>
5641
5642 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5643 Edu?</strong></p>
5644
5645 <p>There is a list of advantages: international context, openness to
5646 any kind of contributions, do-ocracy policy, the closeness to Debian,
5647 the different installation scenarios possible (from stand-alone
5648 workstation to complex multi-server sites), the transparency within
5649 project communication, honest communication within the group of
5650 developers, etc.</p>
5651
5652 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5653 Edu?</strong></p>
5654
5655 <p>Every coin has two sides:</p>
5656
5657 <p>Technically: <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/311188">BTS issue
5658 #311188</a>, tricky upgradability of a Debian Edu main server, network
5659 client installations on top of a plain vanilla Debian installation
5660 should become possible sometime in the near future, one could think
5661 about splitting the very complex package debian-edu-config into
5662 several portions (to make it easier for new developers to
5663 contribute).</p>
5664
5665 <p>Another issue I see is that we (as Debian Edu developers) should
5666 find out more about the network of people who do the marketing for
5667 Debian Edu / Skolelinux. There is a very active group in Germany
5668 promoting Skolelinux on the bigger Linux Days within Germany. Are
5669 there other groups like that in other countries? How can we bring
5670 these marketing people together (marketing group A with group B and
5671 all of them with the group of Debian Edu developers)? During the last
5672 meeting of the German Skolelinux group, I got the impression of people
5673 there being rather disconnected from the development department of
5674 Debian Edu / Skolelinux.</p>
5675
5676 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5677
5678 <p>For my daily business, I do not use commercial software at all.</p>
5679
5680 <p>For normal stuff I use Iceweasel/Firefox, Libreoffice.org. For
5681 serious text writing I prefer LaTeX. I use gimp, inkscape, scribus for
5682 more artistic tasks. I run virtual machines in KVM and Virtualbox.</p>
5683
5684 <p>I am one of the upstream developers of X2Go. In 2010 I started the
5685 development of a Python based X2Go Client, called PyHoca-GUI.
5686 PyHoca-GUI has brought forth a Python X2Go Client API that currently
5687 is being integrated in Ubuntu's software center.</p>
5688
5689 <p>For communications I have my own Kolab server running using Horde
5690 as web-based groupware client. For IRC I love to use irssi, for Jabber
5691 I have several clients that I use, mostly pidgin, though. I am also
5692 the Debian maintainer of Coccinella, a Jabber-based interactive
5693 whiteboard.</p>
5694
5695 <p>My favourite terminal emulator is KDE's Yakuake.</p>
5696
5697 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5698 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5699
5700 <p>Communicate, communicate, communicate. Enrol people, enrol people,
5701 enrol people.</p>
5702
5703       </div>
5704       <div class="tags">
5705
5706
5707         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5708
5709
5710       </div>
5711     </div>
5712     <div class="padding"></div>
5713
5714     <div class="entry">
5715       <div class="title">
5716         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Ralf_Gesellensetter.html">Debian Edu interview: Ralf Gesellensetter</a>
5717       </div>
5718       <div class="date">
5719         27th May 2012
5720       </div>
5721       <div class="body">
5722         <p>In 2003, a German teacher showed up on the
5723 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
5724 mailing list with interesting problems and reports proving he setting
5725 up Linux for a (for us at the time) lot of pupils.  His name was Ralf
5726 Gesellensetter, and he has been an important tester and contributor
5727 since then, helping to make sure the
5728 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
5729 Squeeze</a> release became as good as it is..</p>
5730
5731 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5732
5733 <p>I am a teacher from Germany, and my subjects are Geography,
5734 Mathematics, and Computer Science ("Informatik"). During the past 12
5735 years (since 2000), I have been working for a comprehensive (and soon,
5736 also inclusive) school leading to all kind of general levels, such as
5737 O- or A-level ("Abitur").  For quite as long, I've been taking care of
5738 our computer network.</p>
5739
5740 <p>Now, in my early 40s, I enjoy the privilege of spending a lot of my
5741 spare time together with my wife, our son (3 years) and our daughter
5742 (4 months).</p>
5743
5744 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5745 project?</strong></p>
5746
5747 <p>We had tried different Linux based school servers, when members of
5748 my local Linux User Group (LUG OWL) detected Skolelinux. I remember
5749 very well, being part of a party celebrating the Linux New Media Award
5750 ("Best Newcomer Distribution", also nominated: Ubuntu) that was given
5751 to Skolelinux at Linux World Exposition in Frankfurt, 2005 (IIRC). Few
5752 months later, I had the chance to join a developer meeting in Ulsrud
5753 (Oslo) and to hand out the award to Knut Yrvin and others.  For more
5754 than 7 years, Skolelinux is part of our schools infrastructure, namely
5755 our main server (tjener), one LTSP (today without thin clients), and
5756 approximately 50 work stations. Most of these have the option to boot a
5757 locally installed Skolelinux image.  As a consequence, I joined quite
5758 a few events dealing with free software or Linux, and met many Debian
5759 (Edu) developers. All of them seemed quite nice and competent to me,
5760 one more reason to stick to Skolelinux.</p>
5761
5762 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5763 Edu?</strong></p>
5764
5765 <p>Debian driven, you are given all the advantages of a community
5766 project including well maintained updates. Once, you are familiar with
5767 the network layout, you can easily roll out an entire educational
5768 computer infrastructure, from just one installation media. As only
5769 free software (FOSS) is used, that supports even elderly hardware,
5770 up-sizing your IT equipment is only limited by space (i.e. available
5771 labs).  Especially if you run a LTSP thin client server, your
5772 administration costs tend towards zero.</p>
5773
5774 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5775 Edu?</strong></p>
5776
5777 <p>While Debian's stability has loads of advantages for servers, this
5778 might be different in some cases for clients: Schools with unlimited
5779 budget might buy new hardware with components that are not yet
5780 supported by Debian stable, or wish to use more recent versions of
5781 office packages or desktop environments.  These schools have the
5782 option to run Debian testing or other distributions - if they have the
5783 capacity to do so.  Another issue is that Debian release cycles
5784 include a wide range of changes; therefor a high percentage of human
5785 power seems to be absorbed by just keeping the features of Skolelinux
5786 within the new setting of the version to come. During this process,
5787 the cogs of Debian Edu are getting more and more professional,
5788 i.e. harder to understand for novices.</p>
5789
5790 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5791
5792 <p>LibreOffice, Wikipedia, Openstreetmap, Iceweasel (Mozilla Firefox),
5793 KMail, Gimp, Inkscape - and of course the Linux Kernel (not only on
5794 PC, Laptop, Mobile, but also our SAT receiver)</p>
5795
5796 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5797 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5798
5799 <p><ol>
5800
5801 <li>Support computer science as regular subject in schools to make
5802 people really "own" their hardware, to make them understand the
5803 difference between proprietary software products, and free software
5804 developing.</li>
5805
5806 <li>Make budget baskets corresponding: In Germany's public schools
5807 there are more or less fixed budgets for IT equipment (including
5808 licenses), so schools won't benefit from any savings here. This
5809 privilege is left to private schools which have consequently a large
5810 share among German Skolelinux schools.</li>
5811
5812 <li>Get free software in the seminars where would-be teachers are
5813 trained. In many cases, teachers' software customs are respected by
5814 decision makers rather than the expertise of any IT experts.</li>
5815
5816 <li>Don't limit ourself to free software run natively. Everybody uses
5817 free software or free licenses (for instance Wikipedia), and this
5818 general concept should get expanded to free educational content to be
5819 shared world wide (school books e.g.).</li>
5820
5821 <li>Make clear where ever you can that the market share of free (libre)
5822 office suites is much above 20 p.c. today, and that you pupils don't
5823 need to know the "ribbon menu" in order to get employed.</li>
5824
5825 <li>Talk about the difference between freeware and free software.</li>
5826
5827 <li>Spread free software, or even collections of portable free apps
5828 for USB pen drives. Endorse students to get a legal copy of
5829 Libreoffice rather than accepting them to use illegal serials.  And
5830 keep sending documents in ODF formats.</li>
5831
5832 </ol></p>
5833
5834       </div>
5835       <div class="tags">
5836
5837
5838         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5839
5840
5841       </div>
5842     </div>
5843     <div class="padding"></div>
5844
5845     <div class="entry">
5846       <div class="title">
5847         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Alf_Tonny_B_tz.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Alf Tonny Bätz</a>
5848       </div>
5849       <div class="date">
5850         20th May 2012
5851       </div>
5852       <div class="body">
5853         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektets</a>
5854 musiker og mannen bak
5855 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Manuals/Rosegarden/">opplæringsdokumentene
5856 i Rosegarden</a>
5857 (<a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/nb/rosegarden-manual.html">norsk
5858 utgave</a>) for musikklærere, Alf Tonny Bätz, er neste mann ut i min
5859 intervjurunde av folkene bak Skolelinux-løsningen.  Jeg har kjent Alf
5860 Tonny siden vi møttes som barn på påskefjellet i Ofoten, og ble
5861 gledelig overrasket da han dukket opp i Skolelinux-prosjektet etter å
5862 ikke ha sett noe til ham på mange år.</p>
5863
5864 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
5865
5866 <p>Jeg er utdannet kokk av yrke, og har utøvet yrket i 12 år.  Men
5867 etter at ryggen sa takk før seg, studerte jeg nettverksadministrasjon
5868 ved Næringsakademiet i Bergen årene 2008-2009 slik at jeg kunne
5869 forfølge en av mine største interesser - data.  Til daglig jobber jeg
5870 ved <a href="http://www.narvikskolen.no/parken/">Parken
5871 ungdomsskole</a> med å drifte skolens PC-er. Har også litt
5872 musikkundervisning.</p>
5873
5874 <p>Mitt mål er å bevisstgjøre musikklærene mulighetene med de frie
5875 programmene som finnes i Skolelinux, blant annet Rosegarden.</p>
5876
5877 <p>Har i mange år drevet med musikk og en av grunnen til at Rosegarden
5878 falt i smak for min del, var fordi denne fungere og ligner mest på
5879 Windows-programmet (cubase) jeg jobbet mye med da jeg i mine yngre
5880 dager var «Windows fanatiker».  Ble introdusert til Linux av en kompis
5881 av meg for omtrent 14 år siden, og har bare blitt mer og mer glad i
5882 dette operativsystemet.</p>
5883
5884 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
5885
5886 <p>Da jeg ble sykemeldt fra min gamle jobb, og måtte omskoleres,
5887 havnet jeg i 2007 sammen med Viggo Fedreheim på IKT-avdelingen i
5888 Narvik kommune, der ble jeg for første gang introdusert til
5889 Skolelinuxprosjektet.</p>
5890
5891 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5892
5893 <p>Skolelinux er enkelt å holde i drift og masse flotte programmer som
5894 geogebra, ktouch og kgeografi følger med pakken.  Man kan ta i bruk
5895 gamle PC-er igjen, slik at skoler med dårlig råd får opp en brukbar
5896 PC-park.  PC-er som er ca 6-9 år gamle fungere tilfredstillende, bare
5897 de har 512 MB RAM eller mer.</p>
5898
5899 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5900
5901 <p>Ulempene er at noen av de pedagogiske programmene som lærene ønsker
5902 å bruke fungere dårlig med Linux.  Mye pga. av at disse programmene
5903 blir ikke laget til Linuxbaserte operativsystemer.</p>
5904
5905 <p>Video- og bilde-redigering har dessverre en del mangler, mange av
5906 programmene har en tendens til og krasje.  Det gjelder blant annet
5907 <a href="http://www.kdenlive.org/">kdenlive</a> og
5908 <a href="http://www.openshotvideo.com/">openshot</a>, for å nevne
5909 noen.  De er ikke stabile nok.  Når elevene kommer med filmsnutter de
5910 ønsker og jobbe med, så godtar ikke programmene filene, og når elevene
5911 jobber med redigering bare krasjer programmene uten forvarsel.  Det er
5912 for vanskelig å få noe som bare fungerer ut av boksen her. Når en elev
5913 plugger inn et videokamera eller fotoapparat så er det alltid noe som
5914 ikke vil fungere.  Programmene godtar ikke format, godtar ikke
5915 kameraet, osv., osv. Det er dessverre med på og dra ned en positiv
5916 opplevelse av bruk av fri programvare.</p>
5917
5918 <p>Man må ofte bruke flere en et video redigerings program før og få
5919 fullført en ønsket oppgave.</p>
5920
5921 <p>Eksempel:</p>
5922
5923 <p>Hvis det ene programmet ikke vil ta i mot videofilen klarer et
5924 annet det, men det programmet som klarer det kan ikke gjøre de samme
5925 oppgavene som det programmet som ikke ville ta i mot filen,
5926 Tilsvarende er det med foto, man må bruke flere programmer for å få
5927 et ferdig resultat. Til dags dato har jeg enda ikke funnet et video-
5928 og fotoprogram som kan tilfredstillende fullføre en oppgave.</p>
5929
5930 <p>Så man kan klare og fullføre en oppgave, men i verste fall må man
5931 innom 3-4 programmer for å få det til.  Så jeg har enda ikke til dags
5932 dato sett at et program fungere 100% til alt.</p>
5933
5934 <p>Det programmet jeg har best erfaring til er
5935 <a href="http://cinelerra.org/">cinelerra</a>, men dessverre har det
5936 også tendenser og krasje av og til uten grunn.</p>
5937
5938 Lydsystemet kan også være et mareritt.  Konkret snakker jeg om når du
5939 bruker for eksempel et smartboard, så følger det med USB-lydkort på
5940 disse.  Problemet ligger her i at systemet ikke vil velge rett
5941 lydkort, så man må inn med padevchooser for å sette opp PulseAudio
5942 til og velge at USB-lydkortet skal brukes.  Det blir for tungvindt for
5943 lærene, de ønsker at ting skal fungere med en gang. (min løsning på
5944 det problemet ble at jeg måtte deaktivere lydkortet som fantes på
5945 maskinen) men da må man bestandig slå på smartboard-tavla.
5946
5947 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
5948
5949 Programmene jeg bruker mest av er: Rosegarden, jack, qsynth, audacity,
5950 k3b, openttd og libreoffice.
5951
5952 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
5953 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
5954
5955 Jeg tror det må bevisstgjøring av Skolene til, dvs. reklamere høylytt
5956 og fortelle og vise de andre skolene at frie programvarer faktisk
5957 fungere.  Jeg trur faktisk mange ikke vet at det finnes frie
5958 alternativer.
5959
5960       </div>
5961       <div class="tags">
5962
5963
5964         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5965
5966
5967       </div>
5968     </div>
5969     <div class="padding"></div>
5970
5971     <div class="entry">
5972       <div class="title">
5973         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__J_rgen_Leibner.html">Debian Edu interview: Jürgen Leibner</a>
5974       </div>
5975       <div class="date">
5976         13th May 2012
5977       </div>
5978       <div class="body">
5979         <p>It has been a few busy weeks for me, but I am finally back to
5980 publish another interview with the people behind
5981 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>.
5982 This time it is one of our German developers, who have helped out over the
5983 years to make sure both a lot of major but also a lot of the minor
5984 details get right before release.
5985
5986 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5987
5988 <p>My name is Jürgen Leibner, I'm 49 years old and living in
5989 Bielefeld, a town in northern Germany.  I worked nearly 20 years as
5990 certified engineer in the department for plant design and layout of an
5991 international company for machinery and equipment.  Since 2011 I'm a
5992 certified technical writer (tekom e.V.) and doing technical
5993 documentations for a steam turbine manufacturer.  From April this year
5994 I will manage the department of technical documentation at a
5995 manufacturer of automation and assembly line engineering.</p>
5996
5997 <p>My first contact with linux was around 1993. Since that time I used
5998 it at work and at home repeatedly but not exclusively as I do now at
5999 home since 2006.</p>
6000
6001 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
6002 project?</strong></p>
6003
6004 <p>Once a day in the early year of 2001 when I wanted to fetch my
6005 daughter from primary school, there was a teacher sitting in the
6006 middle of 20 old computers trying to boot them and he failed. I helped
6007 him to get them booting. That was seen by the school director and she
6008 asked me if I would like to manage that the school gets all that old
6009 computers in use. I answered: "Yes".</p>
6010
6011 <p>Some weeks later every of the 10 classrooms had one computer
6012 running Windows98. I began to collect old computers and equipment as
6013 gifts and installed the first computer room with a peer-to-peer
6014 network. I did my work at school without being payed in my spare time
6015 and with a lot of fun.  About one year later the school was connected
6016 to Internet and a local area network was installed in the school
6017 building.  That was the time to have a server and I knew it must be a
6018 Linux server to be able to fulfil all the wishes of the teachers and
6019 being able to do this in a transparent and economic way, without extra
6020 costs for things like licence and software.  So I searched for a
6021 school server system running under Linux and I found a couple of
6022 people nearby who founded 'skolelinux.de'. It was the Skolelinux
6023 prerelease 32 I first tried out for being used at the school.  I
6024 managed the IT of that school until the municipal authority took over
6025 the IT management and centralised the services for all schools in
6026 Bielefeld in December of 2006.</p>
6027
6028 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6029 Edu?</strong></p>
6030
6031 <p>When I'm looking back to the beginning, there were other advantages
6032 for me as today.</p>
6033
6034 <p>In the past there were advantages like:</p>
6035
6036 <p><ul>
6037
6038 <li>I don't need to buy it so it generates no costs to the school as
6039 they had little money to spent for computers and software.</li>
6040
6041 <li>It has a licence which grands all rights to use it without
6042 cost.</li>
6043
6044 <li>It was more able to fit all requirements of a server system for
6045 schools than a Microsoft server system, even if there are only Windows
6046 clients because of it's preconfigured overall concept of being a
6047 infrastructure solution and community for schools, not only a
6048 server</li>
6049
6050 <li>I was able to configure the server to the needs of the
6051 school.</li>
6052
6053 </ul></p>
6054
6055 <p>Today some of the advantages has been lost, changed or new ones
6056 came up in this way:</p>
6057
6058 <p><ul>
6059
6060 <li>Most schools here do have money to buy hardware and software
6061 now.</li>
6062
6063 <li>They are today mostly managed from central IT departments which
6064 have own concepts which often do not fit to Debian Edu concepts
6065 because they are to close to Microsoft ideology.</li>
6066
6067 <li>With the Squeeze version of Debian Edu which now uses GOsa² for
6068 management I feel more able to manage the daily tasks than with the
6069 interfaces used in the past.</li>
6070
6071 <li>It is more modular than in the past and fits even better to the
6072 different needs.</li>
6073
6074 <li>The documentation is usable and gets better every day.</li>
6075
6076 <li>More people than ever before are using Debian Edu all over the
6077 world and so the community, which is an very important part I think,
6078 is sharing knowledge and minds.</li>
6079
6080 <li>Most, maybe all, of the technical requirements for schools are
6081 solved today by Debian Edu. </li>
6082
6083 </ul></p>
6084
6085 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6086 Edu?</strong></p>
6087
6088 <p><ul>
6089
6090 <li>There are too few IT companies able to integrate Debian Edu into
6091 their product portfolio for serving schools with concepts or even
6092 whole municipality areas.</li>
6093
6094 <li>Debian Edu has beside other free and open software projects not
6095 enough lobbyists which promote free and open software to
6096 politicians.</li>
6097
6098 <li>Technically there are no disadvantages I'm aware of.</li>
6099
6100 </ul></p>
6101
6102 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
6103
6104 <p>I use Debian stable on my home server and on my little desktop
6105 computer. On my laptop I use Debian testing/sid. The applications I
6106 use on my laptop and my desktop are Open/Libre-office, Iceweasel,
6107 KMail, DigiKam, Amarok, Dolphin, okular and all the other programs I
6108 need from the KDE environment.  On console I use newsbeuter, mutt,
6109 screen, irssi and all the other famous and useful tools.</p>
6110
6111 <p>My home server provides mail services with exim, dovecot, roundcube
6112 and mutt over ssh on the console, file services with samba, NFS,
6113 rsync, web services with apache, moinmoin-wiki, multimedia services
6114 with gallery2 and mediatomb and database services with MySQL for me
6115 and the whole family.  I probably forgot something.</p>
6116
6117 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
6118 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
6119
6120 <p>I believe, we should provide concepts for IT companies to integrate
6121 Debian Edu into their product portfolio with use cases for different
6122 countries and areas all over the world.</p>
6123
6124       </div>
6125       <div class="tags">
6126
6127
6128         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
6129
6130
6131       </div>
6132     </div>
6133     <div class="padding"></div>
6134
6135     <div class="entry">
6136       <div class="title">
6137         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Forskning___GPL_gir_lokal_frihet_og_kontroll_gjennom_omfordeling_av_makt_fra_produsent_til_bruker_.html">Forskning: "GPL gir lokal frihet og kontroll gjennom omfordeling av makt fra produsent til bruker"</a>
6138       </div>
6139       <div class="date">
6140         15th April 2012
6141       </div>
6142       <div class="body">
6143         <p>Da jeg googlet etter noe annet kom jeg tilfeldigvis over
6144 <a href="http://www.duo.uio.no/sok/work.html?WORKID=58309">en
6145 hovedfagsoppgave</a> ved Universitetet i Oslo som diskuterer verdien
6146 av GPLs fire friheter for brukerne av IT-systemer.  Jeg ble fascinert
6147 over det som presenteres der.  Her er sammendraget:</p>
6148
6149 <p><blockquote>
6150
6151 <p>Motivasjonen til å skrive denne oppgaven er en personlig undring
6152 over hvorfor det primært, og ofte eksklusivt, fokuseres på det
6153 økonomiske aspektet ved utredninger om fri programvare er et godt valg
6154 for det offentlige. Fri og produsenteid programvare bygger på
6155 fundamentalt forskjellige ideologier som kan ha implikasjoner utover
6156 økonomiske kostnader. Kunnskapskulturen som er med på å definere fri
6157 programvare er basert på åpenhet, og er en verdi i seg selv.</p>
6158
6159 <p>Oppgavens tema er programvarelisensen GPL og frihet. GPL-lisensiert
6160 programvare gir visse friheter i forhold til produsenteid
6161 programvare. Mitt spørsmål er om, og eventuelt i hvilken utstrekning,
6162 disse frihetene blir benyttet av ulike brukere og hvordan de
6163 manifesterer seg for disse brukerne. Sentrale spørsmål i oppgaven
6164 er:</p>
6165
6166 <ul>
6167 <li>Hvordan fordeles handlekraft gjennom lisensieringen av programvaren?</li>
6168 <li>Hvilke konsekvenser har programvarelisensen for de ulike brukere? </li>
6169 </ul>
6170
6171 <p>Fri programvare gir blant annet brukeren mulighet til å studere og
6172 modifisere kildekoden. Denne formen for frihet erverves gjennom
6173 kunnskap og krever at brukeren også er en ekspert. Hva skjer med
6174 frihetene til GPL når sluttbrukeren er en annen? Dette diskuteres i
6175 dialog med informantene.</p>
6176
6177 <p>Jeg har i denne oppgaven samlet inn intervjudata fra IKT-ansvarlige
6178 ved grunnskolene i Nittedal kommune, driftsansvarlig og IKT-veilederen
6179 for skolene i kommunen, samt IKT-koordinator for utdanning i Akershus
6180 fylkeskommune og bokmåloversettere av OpenOffice.org. Den empiriske
6181 delen av oppgaven er delt inn i to seksjoner; den første omhandler
6182 operativsystemet Skolelinux, den andre kontorprogrampakken
6183 OpenOffice.org.</p>
6184
6185 <p>Som vi vil se gir GPL lokal frihet og kontroll gjennom omfordeling
6186 av makt fra produsent til bruker. Brukerens makt analyseres gjennom
6187 begrepene brukermedvirkning og handlingsfrihet. Det blir også lagt
6188 vekt på strukturelle forhold rundt bruken av teknologi, og spesielt de
6189 økonomiske begrepene nettverkseksternaliteter, innlåsing og
6190 stiavhengighet. Dette er begreper av spesiell nytte når objektet som
6191 omsettes eller distribueres er et kommunikasjonsprodukt, fordi verdien
6192 til et slikt gode for en potensiell bruker avhenger av antall
6193 eksisterende brukere av godet. I tilknytning til denne problematikken
6194 inneholder oppgaven også en diskusjon rundt åpne standarder og
6195 formater.</p>
6196
6197 <p>Oppgaven konkluderer med at de «fire frihetene» som GPL-lisensen er
6198 laget for å beskytte er av avgjørende betydning for bruken av
6199 OpenOffice.org og Skolelinux, i Akershus fylkeskommune såvel som i
6200 skolene i Nittedal. Distribusjonen av handlekraft er ikke helt
6201 symmetrisk. Det er først og fremst de profesjonelle utviklerne i
6202 Skolelinux som direkte kan nyttiggjøre seg friheten til å endre kode,
6203 mens en sluttbruker som Nittedal kommune nyttiggjør seg den økonomiske
6204 friheten til å kunne distribuere programmene. Det er imidlertid også
6205 slik at ingen aktør klarer seg uten alle disse «frihetene».</p>
6206 </blockquote></p>
6207
6208 <p>Jeg fant også en masteroppgave fra 2006, men der ligger ikke
6209 komplett oppgave tilgjengelig.  På tide å holde et øye med
6210 <a href="http://www.duo.uio.no/sok/search.html?q=skolelinux">Skolelinux-søket</a>
6211 til DUO...</p>
6212
6213
6214       </div>
6215       <div class="tags">
6216
6217
6218         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6219
6220
6221       </div>
6222     </div>
6223     <div class="padding"></div>
6224
6225     <div class="entry">
6226       <div class="title">
6227         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Andreas_Mundt.html">Debian Edu interview: Andreas Mundt</a>
6228       </div>
6229       <div class="date">
6230         15th April 2012
6231       </div>
6232       <div class="body">
6233         <p>Behind <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
6234 Skolelinux</a> there are a lot of people doing the hard work of
6235 setting together all the pieces.  This time I present to you Andreas
6236 Mundt, who have been part of the technical development team several
6237 years.  He was also a key contributor in getting GOsa and Kerberos set
6238 up in the recently released
6239 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">Debian
6240 Edu Squeeze</a> version.</p>
6241
6242 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
6243
6244 <p>My name is Andreas Mundt, I grew up in south Germany.  After
6245 studying Physics I spent several years at university doing research in
6246 Quantum Optics.  After that I worked some years in an optics company.
6247 Finally I decided to turn over a new leaf in my life and started
6248 teaching 10 to 19 years old kids at school.  I teach math, physics,
6249 information technology and science/technology.</p>
6250
6251 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
6252 project?</strong></p>
6253
6254 <p>Already before I switched to teaching, I followed the Debian Edu
6255 project because of my interest in education and Debian.  Within the
6256 qualification/training period for the teaching, I started
6257 contributing.</p>
6258
6259 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6260 Edu?</strong></p>
6261
6262 <p>The advantages of Debian Edu are the well known name, the
6263 out-of-the-box philosophy and of course the great free software of the
6264 Debian Project!</p>
6265
6266 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6267 Edu?</strong></p>
6268
6269 <p>As every coin has two sides, the out-of-the-box philosophy has its
6270 downside, too.  In my opinion, it is hard to modify and tweak the
6271 setup, if you need or want that.  Further more, it is not easily
6272 possible to upgrade the system to a new release.  It takes much too
6273 long after a Debian release to prepare the -Edu release, perhaps
6274 because the number of developers working on the core of the code is
6275 rather small and often busy elsewhere.</p>
6276
6277 <p>The <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianLAN">Debian LAN</a>
6278 project might fill the use case of a more flexible system.</p>
6279
6280 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
6281
6282 <p>I am only using non-free software if I am forced to and run Debian
6283 on all my machines.  For documents I prefer LaTeX and PGF/TikZ, then
6284 mutt and iceweasel for email respectively web browsing.  At school I
6285 have Arduino and Fritzing in use for a micro controller project.</p>
6286
6287 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
6288 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
6289
6290 <p>One of the major problems is the vendor lock-in from top to bottom:
6291 Especially in combination with ignorant government employees and
6292 politicians, this works out great for the "market-leader".  The school
6293 administration here in Baden-Wuerttemberg is occupied by that vendor.
6294 Documents have to be prepared in non-free, proprietary formats.  Even
6295 free browsers do not work for the school administration.  Publishers
6296 of school books provide software only for proprietary platforms.</p>
6297
6298 <p>To change this, political work is very important.  Parts of the
6299 political spectrum have become aware of the problem in the last years.
6300 However it takes quite some time and courageous politicians to 'free'
6301 the system.  There is currently some discussion about "Open Data" and
6302 "Free/Open Standards".  I am not sure if all the involved parties have
6303 a clue about the potential of these ideas, and probably only a
6304 fraction takes them seriously.  However it might slowly make free
6305 software and the philosophy behind it more known and popular.</p>
6306
6307       </div>
6308       <div class="tags">
6309
6310
6311         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
6312
6313
6314       </div>
6315     </div>
6316     <div class="padding"></div>
6317
6318     <div class="entry">
6319       <div class="title">
6320         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Justin_B__Rye.html">Debian Edu interview: Justin B. Rye</a>
6321       </div>
6322       <div class="date">
6323          8th April 2012
6324       </div>
6325       <div class="body">
6326         <p>It take all kind of contributions to create a Linux distribution
6327 like <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>,
6328 and this time I lend the ear to Justin B. Rye, who is listed as a big
6329 contributor to the
6330 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">Debian
6331 Edu Squeeze release manual</a>.
6332
6333 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
6334
6335 <p>I'm a 44-year-old linguistics graduate living in Edinburgh who has
6336 occasionally been employed as a sysadmin.</p>
6337
6338 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
6339 project?</strong></p>
6340
6341 <p>I'm neither a developer nor a Skolelinux/Debian Edu user!  The only
6342 reason my name's in the credits for the documentation is that I hang
6343 around on debian-l10n-english waiting for people to mention things
6344 they'd like a native English speaker to proofread...  So I did a sweep
6345 through the wiki for typos and Norglish and inconsistent spellings of
6346 "localisation".</p>
6347
6348 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6349 Edu?</strong></p>
6350
6351 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6352 Edu?</strong></p>
6353
6354 <p>These questions are too hard for me - I don't use it!  In fact I
6355 had hardly any contact with I.T. until long after I'd got out of the
6356 education system.</p>
6357
6358 <p>I can tell you the advantages of Debian for me though: it soaks up
6359 as much of my free time as I want and no more, and lets me do
6360 everything I want a computer for without ever forcing me to spend
6361 money on the latest hardware.</p>
6362
6363 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
6364
6365 <p>I've been using Debian since Rex; popularity-contest says the
6366 software that I use most is xinit, xterm, and xulrunner (in other
6367 words, I use a distinctly retro sort of desktop).</p>
6368
6369 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
6370 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
6371
6372 <p>Well, I don't know.  I suppose I'd be inclined to try reasoning
6373 with the people who make the decisions, but obviously if that worked
6374 you would hardly need a strategy.</p>
6375
6376       </div>
6377       <div class="tags">
6378
6379
6380         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
6381
6382
6383       </div>
6384     </div>
6385     <div class="padding"></div>
6386
6387     <div class="entry">
6388       <div class="title">
6389         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_the_KDE_menu_is_slow_when__usr__is_NFS_mounted___and_a_workaround.html">Why the KDE menu is slow when /usr/ is NFS mounted - and a workaround</a>
6390       </div>
6391       <div class="date">
6392          6th April 2012
6393       </div>
6394       <div class="body">
6395         <p>Recently I have spent time with
6396 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a> on speeding
6397 up a <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
6398 Lenny installation using LTSP diskless workstations, and in the
6399 process I discovered something very surprising.  The reason the KDE
6400 menu was responding slow when using it for the first time, was mostly
6401 due to the way KDE find application icons.  I discovered that showing
6402 the Multimedia menu would cause more than 20 000 IP packages to be
6403 passed between the LTSP client and the NFS server.  Most of these were
6404
6405 NFS LOOKUP calls, resulting in a NFS3ERR_NOENT response.  Because the
6406 ping times between the client and the server were in the range 2-20
6407 ms, the menus would be very slow.  Looking at the strace of kicker in
6408 Lenny (or plasma-desktop i Squeeze - same problem there), I see that
6409 the source of these NFS calls are access(2) system calls for
6410 non-existing files.  KDE can do hundreds of access(2) calls to find
6411 one icon file.  In my example, just finding the mplayer icon required
6412 around 230 access(2) calls.</p>
6413
6414 <p>The KDE code seem to search for icons using a list of icon
6415 directories, and the list of possible directories is large.  In
6416 (almost) each directory, it look for files ending in .png, .svgz, .svg
6417 and .xpm.  The result is a very slow KDE menu when /usr/ is NFS
6418 mounted.  Showing a single sub menu may result in thousands of NFS
6419 requests.  I am not the first one to discover this.  I found a
6420 <a href="https://bugs.kde.org/show_bug.cgi?id=211416">KDE bug report
6421 from 2009</a> about this problem, and it is still unsolved.</p>
6422
6423 <p>My solution to speed up the KDE menu was to create a package
6424 kde-icon-cache that upon installation will look at all .desktop files
6425 used to generate the KDE menu, find their icons, search the icon paths
6426 for the file that KDE will end up finding at run time, and copying the
6427 icon file to /var/lib/kde-icon-cache/.  Finally, I add symlinks to
6428 these icon files in one of the first directories where KDE will look
6429 for them.  This cut down the number of file accesses required to find
6430 one icon from several hundred to less than 5, and make the KDE menu
6431 almost instantaneous.  I'm not quite sure where to make the package
6432 publicly available, so for now it is only available on request.</p>
6433
6434 <p>The bug report mention that this do not only affect the KDE menu
6435 and icon handling, but also the login process.  Not quite sure how to
6436 speed up that part without replacing NFS with for example NBD, and
6437 that is not really an option at the moment.</p>
6438
6439 <p>If you got feedback on this issue, please let us know on debian-edu
6440 (at) lists.debian.org.</p>
6441
6442 <p>Update 2015-08-04: The
6443 <a href="http://anonscm.debian.org/cgit/debian-edu/upstream/kde-icon-cache.git/">source
6444 of the scripts and associated Debian package</a> is available from the
6445 Debian Edu github repository.</p>
6446
6447       </div>
6448       <div class="tags">
6449
6450
6451         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6452
6453
6454       </div>
6455     </div>
6456     <div class="padding"></div>
6457
6458     <div class="entry">
6459       <div class="title">
6460         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_in_the_Linux_Weekly_News.html">Debian Edu in the Linux Weekly News</a>
6461       </div>
6462       <div class="date">
6463          5th April 2012
6464       </div>
6465       <div class="body">
6466         <p>About two weeks ago, I was interviewed via email about
6467 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a> by
6468 Bruce Byfield in Linux Weekly News.  The result was made public for
6469 non-subscribers today.  I am pleased to see liked our Linux solution
6470 for schools.  Check out his article
6471 <a href="https://lwn.net/Articles/488805/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux: A
6472 distribution for education</a> if you want to learn more.</p>
6473
6474       </div>
6475       <div class="tags">
6476
6477
6478         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6479
6480
6481       </div>
6482     </div>
6483     <div class="padding"></div>
6484
6485     <div class="entry">
6486       <div class="title">
6487         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Wolfgang_Schweer.html">Debian Edu interview: Wolfgang Schweer</a>
6488       </div>
6489       <div class="date">
6490          1st April 2012
6491       </div>
6492       <div class="body">
6493         <p>Germany is a core area for the
6494 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
6495 user community, and this time I managed to get hold of Wolfgang
6496 Schweer, a valuable contributor to the project from Germany.
6497
6498 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
6499
6500 <p>I've studied Mathematics at the university 'Ruhr-Universität' in
6501 Bochum, Germany. Since 1981 I'm working as a teacher at the school
6502 "<a href="http://www.westfalenkolleg-dortmund.de/">Westfalen-Kolleg
6503 Dortmund</a>", a second chance school.  Here, young adults is given
6504 the opportunity to get further education in order to do the school
6505 examination 'Abitur', which will allow to study at a university. This
6506 second chance is of value for those who want a better job perspective
6507 or failed to get a higher school examination being teens.</p>
6508
6509 <p>Besides teaching I was involved in developing online courses for a
6510 blended learning project called 'abitur-online.nrw' and in some other
6511 information technology related projects. For about ten years I've been
6512 teacher and coordinator for the 'abitur-online' project at my
6513 school. Being now in my early sixties, I've decided to leave school at
6514 the end of April this year.</p>
6515
6516 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
6517 project?</strong></p>
6518
6519 <p>The first information about Skolelinux must have come to my
6520 attention years ago and somehow related to LTSP (Linux Terminal Server
6521 Project).  At school, we had set up a network at the beginning of 1997
6522 using Suse Linux on the desktop, replacing a Novell network. Since
6523 2002, we used old machines from the city council of Dortmund as thin
6524 clients (LTSP, later Ubuntu/Lessdisks) cause new hardware was out of
6525 reach. At home I'm using Debian since years and - subscribed to the
6526 Debian news letter - heard from time to time about Skolelinux. About
6527 two years ago I proposed to replace the (somehow undocumented and only
6528 known to me) system at school by a well known Debian based system:
6529 Skolelinux.</p>
6530
6531 <p>Students and teachers appreciated the new system because of a
6532 better look and feel and an enhanced access to local media on thin
6533 clients.  The possibility to alter and/or reset passwords using a GUI
6534 was welcomed, too. Being able to do administrative tasks using a GUI
6535 and to easily set up workstations using PXE was of very high value for
6536 the admin teachers.</p>
6537
6538 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6539 Edu?</strong></p>
6540
6541 <p>It's open source, easy to set up, stable and flexible due to it's
6542 Debian base. It integrates LTSP out-of-the-box. And it is documented!
6543 So it was a perfect choice.</p>
6544
6545 <p>Being open source, there are no license problems and so it's
6546 possible to point teachers and students to programs like
6547 OpenOffice.org, ViewYourMind (mind mapping) and The Gimp.  It's of
6548 high value to be able to adapt parts of the system to special needs of
6549 a school and to choose where to get support for this.</p>
6550
6551 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6552 Edu?</strong></p>
6553
6554 <p>Nothing yet.</p>
6555
6556 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
6557
6558 <p>At home (Debian Sid with Gnome Desktop): Iceweasel, LibreOffice,
6559 Mutt, Gedit, Document Viewer, Midnight Commander, flpsed (PDF
6560 Annotator).  At school (Skolelinux Lenny): Iceweasel, Gedit,
6561 LibreOffice.</p>
6562
6563 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
6564 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
6565
6566 <p>Some time ago I thought it was enough to tell people about it. But
6567 that doesn't seem to work quite well. Now I concentrate on those more
6568 interested and hope to get multiplicators that way.</p>
6569
6570       </div>
6571       <div class="tags">
6572
6573
6574         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
6575
6576
6577       </div>
6578     </div>
6579     <div class="padding"></div>
6580
6581     <div class="entry">
6582       <div class="title">
6583         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html">Linux-skoler har høyere PC-tetthet enn landsgjennomsnittet - pressemelding fra FRiSK</a>
6584       </div>
6585       <div class="date">
6586         30th March 2012
6587       </div>
6588       <div class="body">
6589         <p>I dag har <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no">FRiSK</a>
6590 sendt ut følgende pressemelding basert på mine beregninger av
6591 PC-tetthet på Linux-skoler:</p>
6592
6593 <p><strong>Linux-skoler har høyere PC-tetthet enn
6594 landsgjennomsnittet</strong></p>
6595
6596 <p>Oslo, 30 Mars 2012</p>
6597
6598 <p>Det er store forskjeller på skolenes digitale tilstand, viser
6599 undersøkelsen Monitor 2011 som er laget på oppdrag fra
6600 Kunnskapsdepartementet. Dette har ført til debatt om PC-tilgangen i
6601 skolen, og om de med Linux i skolen gjør det bedre bedre eller
6602 dårligere enn snittet i landet.</p>
6603
6604 <p>Nå har vi tallene. Skoler med Linux har 36% større PC-tetthet en
6605 landsgjennomsnittet. På spørsmål hvorfor skoler med Linux har større
6606 PC-tetthet, observerer Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken som er IKT-konsulent i
6607 Nord-Odal:</p>
6608
6609 <p><blockquote>"Vi erfarer at klienter med Skolelinux har god funksjon
6610 til de er 8 til 10 år gamle. Dette er omtrent dobbelt så lenge som
6611 andre løsninger, og skolene får mer datautstyr for
6612 pengene."</blockquote></p>
6613
6614 <p>Undersøkelsen baserer seg på 56 skoler som har gjort det offentlig
6615 at de kjører Skolelinux eller annen Linux-utgave. De kan også ha PC-er
6616 med Windows i skolenettet. Når en sammenligner PC-tetthetene på
6617 skolene i kommunene Flora, Harstad, Kongsvinger, Narvik, Nittedal,
6618 Nord-Odal og Randaberg, er det i snitt 2,28 elev pr. PC på skolene med
6619 Linux. På landsbasis er det 3.11 elev per PC i grunnskolen, i følge
6620 side 95 i Monitor-rapporten for 2011. Målingen viser dermed 36% større
6621 PC-tetthet i skoler med Linux.</p>
6622
6623 <p><strong>Om Skolelinux/Debian Edu</strong></p>
6624
6625 <p>Skolelinux har til hensikt å gi alle barn full tilgang til
6626 skoleaktuelle dataprogram på sitt eget morsmål. Derfor følger det med
6627 godt over 100 skoleaktuelle programmene laget for læring. De fleste
6628 programmene er oversatt til over 50 språk. Elevene skal også kunne
6629 studere alle sider av dataprogrammene. Derfor følger også kildekode
6630 med. Elever med interesse kan lære av eksperter som har laget
6631 systemet. Dette med enkelt programmering i læreprogram som KTurtle,
6632 til profesjonelle verktøy som Qt Creator eller Java.</p>
6633
6634 <p>Skolelinux er laget for sentralisert drift, der alt teknisk
6635 administrasjon av alle skolene kan gjøres sentralt fra kommunehuset
6636 eller sentralt i en region.  F.eks. drifter to-tre personer 70.000
6637 skoledatamaskiner på 200 skoler i delstaten Extremadura i
6638 Spania. Etter velykket bruk av Debian Edu i skolen, legger delstaten
6639 over til Debian på 40.000 datamaskiner i administrasjonen. Det er idag
6640 mange selskap som tilbyr profesjonell støtte til innføring og drift i
6641 Norge og verden.</p>
6642
6643 <p><strong>Om FRiSK</strong></p>
6644
6645 <p>Medlemsforeningen Fri Programvare i Skolen organiserer
6646 dugnadsprosjektet som står bak Skolelinux.</p>
6647
6648 <p><strong>Kontaktperson</strong></p>
6649
6650 <p>Knut Yrvin</p>
6651
6652 <p>Leder av Fri Programvare i Skolen (FRISK)</p>
6653
6654 <p>Epost: knuty at skolelinux.no
6655 <br>Mobil: +47 93 479 561</p>
6656
6657 <p><strong>Referanser</strong></p>
6658
6659 <p><ul>
6660
6661  <li><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">http://www.skolelinux.org/</a></li>
6662  <li><a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/</a></li>
6663  <li><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Download">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Download</a></li>
6664  <li><a href="https://www.wis.no/gsi">https://www.wis.no/gsi</a></li>
6665  <li><a href="http://iktsenteret.no/sites/iktsenteret.no/files/attachments/monitor2011.pdf">http://iktsenteret.no/sites/iktsenteret.no/files/attachments/monitor2011.pdf</a></li>
6666  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html</a></li>
6667  <li><a href="https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/linuxiskolen/2012-March/018500.html">https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/linuxiskolen/2012-March/018500.html</a></li>
6668
6669 </ul></p>
6670
6671       </div>
6672       <div class="tags">
6673
6674
6675         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6676
6677
6678       </div>
6679     </div>
6680     <div class="padding"></div>
6681
6682     <div class="entry">
6683       <div class="title">
6684         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Roy_Arne_Myhre.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Roy-Arne Myhre</a>
6685       </div>
6686       <div class="date">
6687         28th March 2012
6688       </div>
6689       <div class="body">
6690         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
6691 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi
6692 denne gangen høre fra en IKT-ansvarlig som har brukt Skolelinux i
6693 mange år, og vært storfornøyd med erfaringene så langt.</p>
6694
6695 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6696
6697 <p>Mitt navn er Roy-Arne Myhre og jeg er 42 år.  Jeg er ansatt hos
6698 <a href="http://www.sandskole.no/">Sand skole</a> (Balsfjord kommune)
6699 og har stort sett vært det siden 1990.  Jeg er IKT ansvarlig ved
6700 skolen i 40% stilling – 10% undervisning – musikk.</p>
6701
6702 <p>Ved skolen er det ca 100 elever og ca 18 lærere + 4 assistenter i
6703 hele og delte stillinger. Alle lærerne har bærbar PC (dessverre med
6704 Win Vista) – assistenter har tilgang til egne. Vi benytter Fronter i
6705 det daglige arbeidet.  Vi har ca 90 elevmaskiner som fungerer til
6706 daglig opp mot Linux server (XFCE) som driftes av
6707 <a href="http://www.bzz.no/">BzzWare AS</a> via nett. Maskinparken
6708 består kun av brukt utstyr for elevene – og noe av dette begynner å
6709 bli vel gammelt selv som halvtykke klienter.</p>
6710
6711 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med
6712 Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6713
6714 <p>Vi kom første gang i kontakt med Skolelinux rundt 1997. Den gang
6715 var det oppstart-disketter i hver maskin, ikke mulighet for lyd og
6716 video, gamle nettverkskort og mye plundring.  Vi hadde en ihuga
6717 forelder med som pådriver, forsker og inspirator for hele opplegget.
6718 Selv ante jeg knapt at Skolelinux fantes, men han var av den
6719 utforskende typen, og fikk både meg og skolelederen i trua på at dette
6720 var ting som kunne fungere.  Etter dette har det gått gradvis
6721 framover; flere maskiner er hentet inn gjennom bl.a
6722 <a href="http://www.greentech.no/">Greentech</a> og utrangert utstyr
6723 fra høgskole / Avinor og private givere. Når maskinene ble for trege
6724 for nye Windows-versjoner, sto vi klare til å putte dem i nettverket
6725 vårt.  Dette betyr at vi i dag har 1:1 dekning av maskiner på
6726 ungdomstrinnet og bedre enn 1:2 på barnetrinnet. Dette er vi veldig
6727 fornøyd med, og vi kan ikke se for oss hverdagen som ville vært
6728 alternativet ved bruk av Windows med sine lisenser pr. Bruker/maskin.
6729 Da ville vi nok vært tilbake til 1-2 maskiner pr klasserom med de
6730 negative konsekvenser det ville hatt for undervisningsformene våre. Vi
6731 kan ha en hel klasse i prosjektjobbing eller individuell jobbing
6732 samtidig – vi kan avholde tentamen og eksamen uten
6733 logistikkproblemer.</p>
6734
6735 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6736
6737 Hvor skal jeg begynne... Stabiliteten er et nøkkelord - det bare
6738 virker.  Har du først fått en server med Skolelinux opp og gå, så må
6739 det en maskinarefeil eller sabotasje til for å stoppe den.  Det at man
6740 kan bruke eldre maskiner som normalt sett ville gått på dynga, er også
6741 glimrende - billig for skoler med dårlig økonomi og bra for miljøet
6742 siden vi gjenbruker utstyr i stedet for å skaffe nytt. Vi ville aldri
6743 hatt mulighet til å operere med det maskinantallet vi har pr i dag
6744 hvis det ikke var for Skolelinux - så tilgjengelighet er et annet
6745 nøkkelord. Et tredje moment er sikkerhet og brukertilgang. Alle
6746 brukerer opererer med egne brukernavn og passord, samt egne
6747 brukerområder som kan tilpasses for både enbrukertilgang og for
6748 samarbeid med andre.
6749
6750 Elever har godt av å se at det finnes andre alternativer enn de som
6751 storindustrien selger på lisensbasis - på den måten trenes de opp til
6752 å se flere muligheter og å foreta valg ut fra flere opsjoner.
6753
6754 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6755
6756 <p>Ulempene med Skolelinux er nok utbredelsen og mangelen på kjennskap
6757 til dette i skolenorge.  De som skal ta økonomiske avgjørelser rynker
6758 på nesen og vil gå for det kjente og «sikre» selv om det koster mye
6759 mer. Man får rett og slett litt hetta av å ikke kunne noe – og unngår
6760 dette for enhver pris.</p>
6761
6762 <p>I tillegg er mye av linux-systemet administrert av tekstkommandoer
6763 og er lite intuitiv/visuell for oss som ikke er «inne i»
6764 kildekodene». Så problemet er nok mye godt at de som
6765 utarbeider/drifter Skolelinux ikke helt klarer å sette seg ned på
6766 skoleadministratorens nivå når det gjelder problemer og
6767 utfordringer. Men dette er nok en utfordring alle administratorer
6768 sliter med uansett OS.</p>
6769
6770 <p>Derfor har vi valgt å støtte oss til BzzWare AS for assistanse i
6771 drifta slik at jeg har kunnet konsentrere meg mer om kabling, skifting
6772 av komponenter, veiledning av lærere og elever, vedlikehold av
6773 skrivere og annen daglig drift.</p>
6774
6775 <p>Elevene mestrer Skolelinux helt fint.  Så lenge Internett
6776 (Iceweasel) og Libreoffice (Openoffice) fungerer er 90% av
6777 skolehverdagen velfungerende. I tillegg brukes jo en del av den
6778 pedagogiske programpakken bla. i forhold til matematikk og geografi,
6779 men det er såpass mye bra på nett om dagen, så disse programmene er
6780 mer som krydder å regne.</p>
6781
6782 <p>Jeg skulle ønske neste versjon av Skolelinux kunne komme litt
6783 mindre stappet med programmer, for halvparten blir aldri brukt, eller
6784 fungerer ikke uansett.  Hva med et pedagogisk panel av lærere/IKT
6785 ansvarlige som kunne sagt: disse programmene skal være standard, så
6786 får resten være slike man kan legge til ved behov – det kan lett bli
6787 en jungel å bevege seg i.</p>
6788
6789 <p>Jeg ønsker meg også en mer grafisk versjon av
6790 <a href="http://bzz.no/lwat/trac/trac.cgi">Lwat</a> hvor man kan krysse
6791 ut de som f.eks ikke skal ha internett-tilgang en dag pga
6792 eksamen/tentamen, samt en noe enklere brannmurløsning hvor man kan
6793 stenge for en del (få) sider på en enkel måte.  Jeg liker godt
6794 Skolelinux sin ideologi om at filteret skal trenes i hodet på eleven –
6795 men av og til skulle jeg ønske at f.eks Facebook og Youtube kunne vært
6796 koblet vekk en periode for å få bedre utnyttelse av tid og
6797 ressurser. Disse to nettstedene er nok mye av årsaken til at mange
6798 lærere holder igjen databruken noe mer enn man kunne ønske.</p>
6799
6800 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6801
6802 Jeg benytter nesten bare fri programvare til daglig. LibreOffice,
6803 Iceweasel (Firefox), Thunderbird til e-post og Gimp til
6804 bildebehandling.  Vi har PHP-Nuke-oppsatt hjemmeside. Det eneste som
6805 jeg ikke har fått helt til enda er videoredigering - her må man vel
6806 innrømme at Mac er hakket over, men da er vi igjen over på å se hva
6807 som egner seg best, og ta valg ut fra det. Folk flest lever i
6808 villfarelsen om at regneark HETER Excel og tekstbehandling HETER
6809 Word. Dette er en misforståelse som jeg bruker mye energi på å
6810 diskutere og "åpne sinn" på Microsoft-slaver.  Dessverre er det mange
6811 IKT-ansvarlige som også har låst seg på at det eneste saliggjørende er
6812 Bill G sine produkter.
6813
6814 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6815 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6816
6817 <p>For å komme lenger i utbredelsen av Skolelinux tror jeg det må mer
6818 fram i nasjonale medier, samt komme bedre fram hva økonomien i dette
6819 valget vil være – samt mulighetene. Fri programvare er en berikelse og
6820 gjør oss i stand til å utføre arbeidet i skolen uten å måtte legge
6821 igjen tusener på tusener i Bill Gates lomme.. Få ETT nettsted med
6822 forståelig veiledning av installasjon/oppgradering og ETT forum med
6823 konkrete feilrettinger og problemer, så tror jeg vi kunne kommet et
6824 par skritt framover. Ellers tror jeg bare at ildsjelene må fortsette å
6825 skinne – kanskje flere enn oss følger etter på veien.</p>
6826
6827       </div>
6828       <div class="tags">
6829
6830
6831         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6832
6833
6834       </div>
6835     </div>
6836     <div class="padding"></div>
6837
6838     <div class="entry">
6839       <div class="title">
6840         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_screencast__Checking_email_with_kmail_using_Kerberos_authentication.html">Debian Edu screencast: Checking email with kmail using Kerberos authentication</a>
6841       </div>
6842       <div class="date">
6843         25th March 2012
6844       </div>
6845       <div class="body">
6846         <!-- Video HTML based on http://www.diveintohtml5.net/video.html -->
6847
6848 <p>The same Debian Edu developer that did the last screen cast I
6849 published, Wolfgang Schweer, has created a new screen cast showing how
6850 to set up Kmail in Debian Edu Squeze to authenticate using Kerberos,
6851 allowing users to check their local email account without providing
6852 any password. The video is embedded here in quarter size,
6853 and also available from <a href="https://vimeo.com/38601767">vimeo</a>
6854 and download as a
6855 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv">Ogg
6856 Theora</a> file.  Check it out below.</p>
6857
6858 <p><video id="kmail-kerberos-movie" width="256" height="184" preload controls>
6859   <source src="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv" type='video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"' />
6860     <p>Download video as
6861       <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv">Ogg</a>.</p>
6862 </video></p>
6863
6864       </div>
6865       <div class="tags">
6866
6867
6868         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6869
6870
6871       </div>
6872     </div>
6873     <div class="padding"></div>
6874
6875     <div class="entry">
6876       <div class="title">
6877         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html">Større PC-tetthet i skolen med Skolelinux?</a>
6878       </div>
6879       <div class="date">
6880         19th March 2012
6881       </div>
6882       <div class="body">
6883         <p>Den siste uka har det vært en del skriverier om hvor store
6884 forskjeller det er mellom skolene når det gjelder digital kompetanse.
6885 Et eksempel er
6886 <a href="http://www.digi.no/891660/bekymret-for-it-i-skolen">oppslaget
6887 i Digi</a>.  Diskusjonen fikk meg til å bli litt nysgjerrig på om
6888 Linux-skoler har større PC-tettet enn snittet i landet.  Grunnlaget
6889 for diskusjonen har vært undersøkelsen
6890 <a href="https://iktsenteret.no/ressurser/monitor-2011-skolens-digitale-tilstand">Monitor
6891 2011</a>, som bruker informasjon fra
6892 <a href="https://www.wis.no/gsi">Grunnskolens Informasjonssystem</a>
6893 (GSI).  GSI-data kan lastes ned fra web og jeg lastet ned en Excel-fil
6894 (intet åpen standard-valg tilgjengelig) med navn på alle skoler,
6895 hvilke kommune de befinner seg i og hvor mange elever pr. elev-PC de
6896 har rapportert inn.  For å få en ide om svaret trenger jeg deretter å
6897 vite hvilke skoler i landet som bruker Linux, slik at jeg kan slå dem
6898 opp i GSI og finne ut hvor stor PC-tetthet de har.</p>
6899
6900 <p>Jeg vet om skoler i Balsfjord, Flora, Harstad, Kongsvinger, Narvik,
6901 Nittedal, Nord-Odal, Randaberg og Sunndal som bruker Skolelinux eller
6902 andre Linux-varianter.  Jeg tror det er flere enn de 56 skolene jeg
6903 har klart å identifisere de siste dagene, men har ikke klart å få det
6904 bekreftet med offentlige kilder.</p>
6905
6906 <p>Monitor 2011-rapporteres side 95 forteller at det "ifølge GSI
6907 (20120-2011) er det 3,11 elever per datamaskin når vi tar med alle
6908 grunnskoler (1.-10.trinn)".  For de 56 Linux-skolene jeg har klart å
6909 koble mot informasjon i GSI er det 2,28 elever per elevdatamaskin,
6910 hvilket betyr at det er 36% høyere PC-tetthet på Linux-skoler enn
6911 landsgjennomsnittet.  Linux-skolen med høyest tettet blant de jeg har
6912 notert -skole er Flora ungdomsskule i Flora kommune med 0.82 elev
6913 pr. PC (482 elever, 588 elevdatamaskiner).</p>
6914
6915 <p>Skolelinux gir datamaskiner lengre levetid, og en kan dermed få
6916 flere operative datamaskiner for samme budsjett, i tillegg til en
6917 rekke andre fordeler.  Kan det være forklaringen på forskjellen?</p>
6918
6919 <p>Tallene må tas med en liten klype, da GSI ser ut til å ha endel
6920 feilføringer.  Jeg synes i hvert fall en skole med 423 elever og 9
6921 elevmaskiner ser mistenkelig ut.  Eller en skole med 346 elever, 0
6922 elevmaskiner, som er et annet ekstremt eksempel jeg fant.</p>
6923
6924 <p>Takk til Sturle Sunde, Klaus Ade Johnstad, Ole-Anders Andreassen og
6925 Trond Mæhlum for innspill om skoler med Linux.</p>
6926
6927       </div>
6928       <div class="tags">
6929
6930
6931         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6932
6933
6934       </div>
6935     </div>
6936     <div class="padding"></div>
6937
6938     <div class="entry">
6939       <div class="title">
6940         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__John_Ingleby.html">Debian Edu interview: John Ingleby</a>
6941       </div>
6942       <div class="date">
6943         19th March 2012
6944       </div>
6945       <div class="body">
6946         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
6947 users are spread all across the globe.  The second inteview after
6948 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">the
6949 Squeeze release</a> was publised is with John Ingleby, a teacher and
6950 long time Linux user in United Kingdom.</p>
6951
6952 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
6953
6954 <p>I teach ICT part time at the Rudolf Steiner School in Kings
6955 Langley, near London, UK. Previously I worked as a technical
6956 author/trainer while my children attended the school, and I also
6957 contributed to the Schoolforge UK community with the aim of
6958 encouraging UK schools to adopt free/open source software. Five or six
6959 years ago we had about 50 schools interested in some way, but we
6960 weren't able to convert many of them into sustainable
6961 installations.</p>
6962
6963 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
6964 project?</strong></p>
6965
6966 <p>Skolelinux had two representatives at an early Edubuntu meeting in
6967 London which I attended. However at that time our school network had
6968 just been installed using CentOS, LTSP 4 and GNOME. When LTSP 5 came
6969 along we switched to Edubuntu thin client servers so now we have a
6970 mixed environment which includes Windows PCs and student laptops, as
6971 well as their MacBooks and iPads. However, the proprietary systems
6972 have always been rather problematic, and we never built a GUI for the
6973 LDAP server, so when I discovered Skolelinux is configured for all
6974 these things we decided to try it.</p>
6975
6976 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6977 Edu?</strong></p>
6978
6979 <p>By far the biggest advantage is the Debian Edu community. Apart
6980 from that I have always believed in the same "sustainable computing"
6981 goals that Skolelinux is built on: installing Linux on computers which
6982 would otherwise be thrown away, to provide a reliable, secure and
6983 low-cost IT environment for schools. From my own experience I know
6984 that a part-time person can teach and manage a network of about 25
6985 Linux computers, but it would take much more of my time if we had
6986 proprietary software everywhere.</p>
6987
6988 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6989 Edu?</strong></p>
6990
6991 <p>As a newcomer I'm just finding out who's who in the community and
6992 how you're organised, and what your procedures are for dealing with
6993 various things such as editing manual pages and so-on. The only
6994 English language mailing list seems to be for developers as well as
6995 users, so my inbox needs heavy pruning each day!</p>
6996
6997 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
6998
6999 <p>Besides the software already mentioned at school we use Samba,
7000 OpenLDAP, CUPS, Nagios and Dansguardian for the network, and on the
7001 desktops we have LibreOffice, Firefox, GIMP and Inkscape. At home I
7002 use Ubuntu and an Android 4 eePad Transformer (but I'm not sure if
7003 that counts...)</p>
7004
7005 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
7006 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
7007
7008 <p>That's a tough question! For very many years UK schools installed
7009 and taught only proprietary software, so that at the highest levels
7010 the notion of "computer" means simply "proprietary office
7011 applications".  However, schools today are experiencing budget
7012 constraints, and many are having to think hard about upgrading Windows
7013 XP.  At the same time, we have students showing teachers how to use
7014 iPads, MacBooks and Android, so the choice of operating system is no
7015 longer quite so automatic. What is more, our government at last
7016 realised that we need people with programming skills, so they're
7017 putting coding back in the curriculum! And it's encouraging that the
7018 first 10,000 Raspberry Pi units sold out in 2 hours.</p>
7019
7020 <p>I don't really know what strategy is going to get UK schools to use
7021 free software, but building an active community of Skolelinux/Debian
7022 Edu users in this country has to be part of it.</p>
7023
7024       </div>
7025       <div class="tags">
7026
7027
7028         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
7029
7030
7031       </div>
7032     </div>
7033     <div class="padding"></div>
7034
7035     <div class="entry">
7036       <div class="title">
7037         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Writing_and_translating_documentation_in_Debian_Edu.html">Writing and translating documentation in Debian Edu</a>
7038       </div>
7039       <div class="date">
7040         16th March 2012
7041       </div>
7042       <div class="body">
7043         <p>Documentation in Debian Edu is provided in several languages, and
7044 it is important to make it both easy to contribute and to keep the
7045 translated versions in sync.  To do this we have come up with what we
7046 believe is a very efficient work flow.</p>
7047
7048 <ol>
7049
7050 <li>The documentation is written in a
7051 <a href="http://moinmo.in">moinmoin wiki</a> (see for example
7052 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">the
7053 Squeeze release manual</a>) with support for exporting the content as
7054 docbook XML.</li>
7055
7056 <li>This docbook document is given to po4a to extract a gettext style
7057 .pot file with the content, which in turn is used to create .po files
7058 with the translated text.</li>
7059
7060 <li>The .po files are given to translators, and they can always tell
7061 which part of the original wiki document is new or changed.  They can
7062 use their normal translation tools like lokalize or poedit to write
7063 the translation.  There is even a system in place to handle translated
7064 images.</li>
7065
7066 <li>The translated .po files are combined with the original docbook
7067 XML document using po4a to create a translated docbook document.</li>
7068
7069 <li>The final step is to use all the generated docbook files and
7070 create PDF and HTML version of the original and translated documents.</li>
7071
7072 </ol>
7073
7074 <p>This setup work very well, but have a few issues.  The biggest
7075 issue is that <a href="http://moinmo.in/DocBook">the docbook support
7076 we use in moinmoin</a> is not actively maintained.  The docbook
7077 support is also buggy, and our build system contain workarounds to
7078 make sure the generated docbook is usable despite these bugs.</p>
7079
7080 <p>If you want to have a look at our setup, it is all there in the
7081 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/debian-edu-doc">debian-edu-doc
7082 package</a>.</p>
7083
7084       </div>
7085       <div class="tags">
7086
7087
7088         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7089
7090
7091       </div>
7092     </div>
7093     <div class="padding"></div>
7094
7095     <div class="entry">
7096       <div class="title">
7097         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/NUUG_presentasjon__Skolelinux___ferdig_oppsatt_skolenettl_sning.html">NUUG-presentasjon: Skolelinux - ferdig oppsatt skolenettløsning</a>
7098       </div>
7099       <div class="date">
7100         13th March 2012
7101       </div>
7102       <div class="body">
7103         <p>I dag presenterte jeg ny versjon av Skolelinux for NUUGs medlemmer.
7104 <a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/mypapers/20120313-skolelinux-squeeze.html">Lysark</a>
7105 er tilgjengelige allerede og
7106 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20120313-skolelinux/">video-opptak</a>
7107 kommer så snart videogruppa til NUUG får publisert den.  Jeg kom på
7108 endel punkter om nye ting i Squeeze-utgaven under veis som jeg burde
7109 hatt med, og har sikkert skrevet noe tull på lysarkene som jeg ennå
7110 ikke har oppdaget.  Denne presentasjonen ble smurt ihop på veldig kort
7111 tid, og jeg rakk ikke finpusse den.  Håper den kan være lærerik
7112 likevel.</p>
7113
7114       </div>
7115       <div class="tags">
7116
7117
7118         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
7119
7120
7121       </div>
7122     </div>
7123     <div class="padding"></div>
7124
7125     <div class="entry">
7126       <div class="title">
7127         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__K_re_Nordby.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Kåre Nordby</a>
7128       </div>
7129       <div class="date">
7130         12th March 2012
7131       </div>
7132       <div class="body">
7133         <p>Første ut i serien med intervjuer av folk i
7134 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet etter at
7135 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">ny
7136 versjon av Skolelinux</a> ble lansert i helga, er nylig valgte
7137 styremedlem i foreningen
7138 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
7139 Skolen</a> (FRiSK) som organiserer
7140 Skolelinux-utviklingen og daglig leder i
7141 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a>, selskapet
7142 prosjektet opprettet som et tilbud til skoler som ønsket en
7143 kommersiell samarbeidsparter.  Det bør nevnes at jeg er styremedlem i
7144 Skolelinux Drift AS og styreleder i selskapets hovedeier stiftelsen
7145 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/">SLX Debian Labs</a>
7146 som beskytter verdiene til Skolelinux-prosjektet, og kjenner Kåre den
7147 veien.</p>
7148
7149 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7150
7151 <p>Jeg har siden januar 2010 vært daglig leder i Skolelinux Drift AS,
7152 som leverer support, installasjon, tilpasning, drift, og opplæring på
7153 Debian Edu / Skolelinux. Fra 2012 er jeg valgt inn som styremedlem i
7154 FRiSK.  Min forrige jobb var som KAM i Redpill Linpro (som er en av
7155 eierne i Skolelinux Drift).  Før det var jeg daglig leder i et eget 7
7156 manns konsulent selskap som også startet med fri programvare mot
7157 slutten.</p>
7158
7159 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7160
7161 <p>Jeg hørte om det først når jeg jobbet i Redpill Linpro.  Men jeg
7162 har også en datter som går på en friskole, som også bruker Skolelinux.
7163 Som kjent har ikke friskoler de samme økonomiske rammebetingelsene som
7164 offentlige skoler, så for dem var det det absolutt beste alternativet.
7165 De anser også Skolelinux som et stabilt system, som bare går og går (i
7166 motsetning til det lille Windows-baserte nettverket de har på
7167 admin-siden).</p>
7168
7169 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7170
7171 <p>Sentralisert drift av tynne og diskløse arbeidsstasjoner. Således
7172 lydløse og raskere arbeidsstasjoner som er bedre i klasserommet.
7173 Lengre levetid på PC'er.  Store besparelser på maskinvare og drift. Og
7174 så klart fjerning av alle lisenskostnader. Personlig synes jeg også at
7175 mange av programmene er bedre enn alternativene. Men dette er ofte en
7176 smakssak og avhengig om man må ha det man er vant til fra før.</p>
7177
7178 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7179
7180 <p>For lite kjentskap til løsningen.  Noen ganger for dårlig
7181 kompatibilitet med arbeidsstasjoners/bærbare maskiner sine
7182 nettverksdrivere eller skjermkort. Men dette løser vi i skolene ved
7183 standardisering. Ellers er det få, om nesten ingen, av de kjente
7184 maskinvare / infrastruktur leverandørene til fylkes- / kommuner som
7185 tilbyr denne plattformen.  Skal dette endre seg så må kommunene selv
7186 sette slike krav til leverandørene.</p>
7187
7188 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7189
7190 <p>Har brukt OpenOffice.org siden starten (2001 ?), Kun Linux på
7191 desktop siden 2005. Bruker i dag Kubuntu, Libreoffice og ymse annet
7192 programvare til ulik kontorbruk som er lett å installere / teste via
7193 alle programarkivene som finnes.</p>
7194
7195 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7196 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7197
7198 <p>Fortsette å presentere flere av de gode eksemplene hvor Debian Edu
7199 / Skolelinux brukes i kommuner og enkeltskoler.  Vi må få bedre frem
7200 at det er mulig tilknytte både Windows og Mac klienter på denne
7201 plattformen (selv om det vil øke driftskostnadene).  Dette gjøres
7202 mange steder.  Spesielt er det mange lærere som ønsker å bruke
7203 Windows/Mac-bærbare, gjerne som sin private PC også. Det er også mulig
7204 for kommunen å integrere med Active Directory i stedet for OpenLDAP
7205 som kommer med ut av boksen (selv om også dette øker kostnadene).
7206 Dette vil muligens bidra til å fjerne noe motstand hos noen
7207 potensielle brukere / driftpersonell for å ta i bruk noe
7208 nytt. Fremveksten av mobile brukere og nettbrett går i vår favør.
7209 Brukerne blir kjent og vant til flere nye operativsystemer /
7210 brukergrensesnitt. Så utviklerfellesskapet bør jobbe videre med å
7211 integrere flere nye klienttyper, som ultra lav-kostklienter og
7212 nettbrett (blant annet fri programvare-alternativet
7213 <a href="http://makeplaylive.com/">Spark</a> med
7214 <a href="http://www.merproject.org/">Mer OS</a> og
7215 <a href="http://plasma-active.org/">KDE Active Plasma</a>).</p>
7216
7217       </div>
7218       <div class="tags">
7219
7220
7221         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7222
7223
7224       </div>
7225     </div>
7226     <div class="padding"></div>
7227
7228     <div class="entry">
7229       <div class="title">
7230         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_Squeeze_is_out_.html">Skolelinux / Debian Edu Squeeze is out!</a>
7231       </div>
7232       <div class="date">
7233         11th March 2012
7234       </div>
7235       <div class="body">
7236         <p>This weekend we finally published the first stable release of
7237 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a> based
7238 on Debian/Squeeze.  The full announcement is
7239 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">available</a>
7240 from the project announcement list.  Now is a good time to test if it
7241 you have not done so already.</p>
7242
7243 <p>I plan to present the new version at
7244 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20120313-skolelinux/">a NUUG
7245 meeting</a> on tuesday.  I look forward to seeing you there if you are
7246 in Oslo, Norway.</p>
7247
7248       </div>
7249       <div class="tags">
7250
7251
7252         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7253
7254
7255       </div>
7256     </div>
7257     <div class="padding"></div>
7258
7259     <div class="entry">
7260       <div class="title">
7261         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Nigel_Barker.html">Debian Edu interview: Nigel Barker</a>
7262       </div>
7263       <div class="date">
7264          9th March 2012
7265       </div>
7266       <div class="body">
7267         <p>Inspired by <a href="http://raphaelhertzog.com/tag/interview/">the
7268 interview series</a> conducted by Raphael, I started a Norwegian
7269 interview series with people involved in the Debian Edu / Skolelinux
7270 community.  This was so popular that I believe it is time to move to a
7271 more international audience.</p>
7272
7273 <p>While <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
7274 Skolelinux</a> originated in France and Norway, and have most users in
7275 Europe, there are users all around the globe.  One of those far away
7276 from me is Nigel Barker, a long time Debian Edu system administrator
7277 and contributor.  It is thanks to him that Debian Edu is adjusted to
7278 work out of the box in Japan.  I got him to answer a few questions,
7279 and am happy to share the response with you. :)
7280
7281
7282 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
7283
7284 <p>My name is Nigel Barker, and I am British. I am married to Yumiko,
7285 and we have three lovely children, aged 15, 14 and 4(!) I am the IT
7286 Coordinator at Hiroshima International School, Japan. I am also a
7287 teacher, and in fact I spend most of my day teaching Mathematics,
7288 Science, IT, and Chemistry. I was originally a Chemistry teacher, but
7289 I have always had an interest in computers. Another teacher teaches
7290 primary school IT, but apart from that I am the only computer person,
7291 so that means I am the network manager, technician and webmaster,
7292 also, and I help people with their computer problems. I teach python
7293 to beginners in an after-school club. I am way too busy, so I really
7294 appreciate the simplicity of Skolelinux.</p>
7295
7296 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
7297 project?</strong></p>
7298
7299 <p>In around 2004 or 5 I discovered the ltsp project, and set up a
7300 server in the IT lab. I wanted some way to connect it to our central
7301 samba server, which I was also quite poor at configuring. I discovered
7302 Edubuntu when it came out, but it didn't really improve my setup. I
7303 did various desperate searches for things like "school Linux server"
7304 and ended up in a document called "Drift" something or other. Reading
7305 there it became clear that Skolelinux was going to solve all my
7306 problems in one go. I was very excited, but apprehensive, because my
7307 previous attempts to install Debian had ended in failure (I used
7308 Mandrake for everything - ltsp, samba, apache, mail, ns...). I
7309 downloaded a beta version, had some problems, so subscribed to the
7310 Debian Edu list for help. I have remained subscribed ever since, and
7311 my school has run a Skolelinux network since Sarge.</p>
7312
7313 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
7314 Edu?</strong></p>
7315
7316 <p>For me the integrated setup. This is not just the server, or the
7317 workstation, or the ltsp. Its all of them, and its all configured
7318 ready to go. I read somewhere in the early documentation that it is
7319 designed to be setup and managed by the Maths or Science teacher, who
7320 doesn't necessarily know much about computers, in a small Norwegian
7321 school. That describes me perfectly if you replace Norway with
7322 Japan.</p>
7323
7324 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
7325 Edu?</strong></p>
7326
7327 <p>The desktop is fairly plain. If you compare it with Edubuntu, who
7328 have fun themes for children, or with distributions such as Mint, who
7329 make the desktop beautiful. They create a good impression on people
7330 who don't need to understand how to use any of it, but who might be
7331 important to the school. School administrators or directors, for
7332 instance, or parents. Even kids. Debian itself usually has ugly
7333 default theme settings. It was my dream a few years back that some
7334 kind of integration would allow Edubuntu to do the desktop stuff and
7335 Debian Edu the servers, but now I realise how impossible that is.  A
7336 second disadvantage is that if something goes wrong, or you need to
7337 customise something, then suddenly the level of expertise required
7338 multiplies. For example, backup wasn't working properly in Lenny. It
7339 took me ages to learn how to set up my own server to do rsync backups.
7340 I am afraid of anything to do with ldap, but perhaps Gosa will
7341 help.</p>
7342
7343 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
7344
7345 <p>Nowadays I only use Debian on my personal computers. I have one for
7346 studio work (I play guitar and write songs), running AV Linux
7347 (customised Debian) a netbook running Squeeze, and a bigger laptop
7348 still running Skolelinux Lenny workstation. I have a Tjener in my
7349 house, that's very useful for the family photos and music.  At school
7350 the students only use Skolelinux. (Some teachers and the office still
7351 have windows). So that means we only use free software all day every
7352 day. Open office, The GIMP, Firefox/Iceweasel, VLC and Audacity are
7353 installed on every computer in school, irrespective of OS.  We also
7354 have Koha on Debian for the library, and Apache, Moodle, b2evolution
7355 and Etomite on Debian for the www. The firewall is Untangle.</p>
7356
7357 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
7358 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
7359
7360 <p>Current trends are in our favour. Open source is big in industry,
7361 and ordinary people have heard of it. The spread of Android and the
7362 popularity of Apple have helped to weaken the impression that you have
7363 to have Microsoft on everything. People complain to me much less about
7364 file formats and Word than they did 5 years ago.  The Edu aspect is
7365 also a selling point. This is all customised for schools. Where is the
7366 Windows-edu, or the Mac-edu?  But of course the main attraction is
7367 budget.The trick is to convince people that the quality is not
7368 compromised when you stop paying and use free software instead. That
7369 is one reason why I say the desktop experience is a weakness. People
7370 are not impressed when their USB drive doesn't work, or their browser
7371 doesn't play flash, for example.</p>
7372
7373       </div>
7374       <div class="tags">
7375
7376
7377         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
7378
7379
7380       </div>
7381     </div>
7382     <div class="padding"></div>
7383
7384     <div class="entry">
7385       <div class="title">
7386         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_screencast__Mass_creation_of_user_accounts_in_Squeeze.html">Debian Edu screencast: Mass creation of user accounts in Squeeze</a>
7387       </div>
7388       <div class="date">
7389          7th March 2012
7390       </div>
7391       <div class="body">
7392         <!-- Video HTML based on http://www.diveintohtml5.net/video.html -->
7393
7394 <p>One of the Debian Edu developers, Wolfgang Schweer, just created a
7395 screen cast documenting how to create a lot of new users in LDAP on
7396 Debian Edu Squeeze.  The video is embedded here in quarter size, and
7397 also available from <a href="http://vimeo.com/37675399">vimeo</a> and
7398 download as a
7399 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv">Ogg
7400 Theora</a> file.  Check it out below.</p>
7401
7402 <p><video id="gosa-mass-user-create-movie" width="256" height="184" preload controls>
7403   <source src="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv" type='video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"' />
7404     <p>Download video as
7405       <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv">Ogg</a>.</p>
7406 </video></p>
7407
7408       </div>
7409       <div class="tags">
7410
7411
7412         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7413
7414
7415       </div>
7416     </div>
7417     <div class="padding"></div>
7418
7419     <div class="entry">
7420       <div class="title">
7421         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Third release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
7422       </div>
7423       <div class="date">
7424          4th March 2012
7425       </div>
7426       <div class="body">
7427         <p>This weekend we wrapped up and published the third release
7428 candidate for <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
7429 Skolelinux</a> based on Squeeze.  The full announcement is
7430 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00000.html">available</a>
7431 from the project announcement list.  Check it out if you
7432 need a software solution for your school.</p>
7433
7434       </div>
7435       <div class="tags">
7436
7437
7438         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7439
7440
7441       </div>
7442     </div>
7443     <div class="padding"></div>
7444
7445     <div class="entry">
7446       <div class="title">
7447         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Stopmotion_for_making_stop_motion_animations_on_Linux___reloaded.html">Stopmotion for making stop motion animations on Linux - reloaded</a>
7448       </div>
7449       <div class="date">
7450          3rd March 2012
7451       </div>
7452       <div class="body">
7453         <p>Many years ago, the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux
7454 / Debian Edu project</a> initiated a student project to create a tool
7455 for making stop motion movies.  The proposal came from a teacher
7456 needing such tool on Skolelinux.  The project, called "stopmotion",
7457 was manned by two extraordinary students and won a school award and a
7458 national aware with this great project.  The project was initiated and
7459 mentored by Herman Robak, and manned by the students Bjørn Erik Nilsen
7460 and Fredrik Berg Kjølstad.  They got in touch with people at Aardman
7461 Animation studio and received feedback on how professionals would like
7462 such stopmotion tool to work, and the end result was and is used by
7463 animators around the globe.  But as is usual after studying, both got
7464 jobs and went elsewhere, and did not have time to properly tend to the
7465 project, and it has been lingering for a few years now.  Until last
7466 year...</p>
7467
7468 <p>Last year some of the users got together with Herman, and moved the
7469 project to Sourceforge and in effect restarted the project under a new
7470 name,
7471 <a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/linuxstopmotion/">linuxstopmotion</a>.
7472 The name change was done to make it possible to find the project using
7473 Internet search engines (try to search for 'stopmotion' to see what I
7474 mean). I've been following
7475 <a href="https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/linuxstopmotion-community">the
7476 mailing list</a> and the improvement already in place and planned for
7477 the future is encouraging.  If you want to make stop motion movies.
7478 Check it out. :)</p>
7479
7480       </div>
7481       <div class="tags">
7482
7483
7484         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
7485
7486
7487       </div>
7488     </div>
7489     <div class="padding"></div>
7490
7491     <div class="entry">
7492       <div class="title">
7493         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Frode_Danielsen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Frode Danielsen</a>
7494       </div>
7495       <div class="date">
7496         27th February 2012
7497       </div>
7498       <div class="body">
7499         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
7500 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet møter vi
7501 denne gangen Frode Danielsen, som er leder for en IT-virksomhet som
7502 passer på IT-løsningen til flere kommuner i Hedmark-området, der noen
7503 av dem bruker Skolelinux i dag.</p>
7504
7505 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7506
7507 <p>Daglig leder i <a href="http://www.hedmarken-ikt.no/">Hedmark
7508 IKT</a>. En interkommunal IKT-virksomhet for Stange, Nord-Odal,
7509 Kongsvinger, Grue, Løten og Hamar kommuner. Vi er 32 ansatte</p>
7510
7511 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7512
7513 <p>Vi har vært i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet i flere
7514 sammenhenger, blant annet gjennom et par piloter som ikke har ført til
7515 noe konkret resultat.  Nå sist gjennom satsingen på skolelinux i Grue,
7516 Kongsvinger og Nord-Odal.</p>
7517
7518 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong>
7519 <br><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7520
7521 <p>Jeg tror alle løsninger har fordeler og ulemper, litt avhengig av
7522 hvilket ståsted du selv har, så jeg unnlater å svare på dette.</p>
7523
7524 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7525
7526 <p>Ingen for min egen del, men vi har noe fri programvare i våre
7527 løsninger.</p>
7528
7529 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7530 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7531
7532 <p>Jeg tror ikke man skal ha en slik strategi.  Man bør ha en strategi
7533 basert på å løse fremtidige behov, og velge løsninger som støtter opp
7534 under dette.</p>
7535
7536       </div>
7537       <div class="tags">
7538
7539
7540         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7541
7542
7543       </div>
7544     </div>
7545     <div class="padding"></div>
7546
7547     <div class="entry">
7548       <div class="title">
7549         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Second release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
7550       </div>
7551       <div class="date">
7552         27th February 2012
7553       </div>
7554       <div class="body">
7555         <p>This weekend we wrapped up and published the second release
7556 candidate for <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
7557 Skolelinux</a> based on Squeeze.  The full announcement did for some
7558 reason not make it the project announcement list, but is
7559 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-devel-announce/2012/02/msg00015.html">available</a>
7560 from the Debian development announcement list.  Check it out if you
7561 need a software solution for your school.</p>
7562
7563       </div>
7564       <div class="tags">
7565
7566
7567         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7568
7569
7570       </div>
7571     </div>
7572     <div class="padding"></div>
7573
7574     <div class="entry">
7575       <div class="title">
7576         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Knut_Yrvin.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Knut Yrvin</a>
7577       </div>
7578       <div class="date">
7579         21st February 2012
7580       </div>
7581       <div class="body">
7582         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
7583 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi nå
7584 høre fra nyvalgt leder i foreningen
7585 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
7586 Skolen</a> og en av stifterne av Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
7587
7588 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7589
7590 <p>Knut Yrvin her. Jobber i Nokia med å fremme rammeverket Qt og QML
7591 med tilhørende utviklerverktøy. Rollen er som leder av
7592 friprog-samfunn. I fjor var jeg med å legge om utviklingen av Qt til
7593 åpen forvaltning.  På den måten kan alle som bidrar til Qt gjøre det
7594 på like vilkår.  Nå er det
7595 <a href="http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2011/12/22/qt-5-%E2%80%93-a-look-back-at-the-numbers/">over
7596 1000 utviklere</a> som bidrar til Qt. Med overgangen til åpen
7597 forvaltning er utviklingen av Qt mer åpen enn Linux-kjernen.</p>
7598
7599 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7600
7601 <p>Jeg var en av initiativtagerne til Skolelinux i 2001. Skolene slet
7602 med både utstyr og Internett-tilgang. De klarte ikke å møte
7603 forventningene til data i skolen. Driften av PC-ene var uholdbar. Som
7604 regel hadde rektor pekt ut en ivrig lærer til å passe på PC-ene,
7605 gjerne naturfaglæreren. Mange lærere jobbet mye ubetalt overtid for å
7606 vedlikeholde 30-40 datamaskiner på hver sin skole. Med 300 elever og
7607 lærere som brukere, blir det fort mye mer arbeid enn de 4-8 timene de
7608 kunne bruke på PC-drift. Skolene hadde kun en femtedel av
7609 IT-budsjettet som ble brukt på PC-ene i rådhuset.</p>
7610
7611 <p>Vi erfarte at skolene hadde mye datautstyr som stod ubrukt. Skolene
7612 manglet penger til Microsoft-lisenser. Selv med solide skolerabatter,
7613 kostet Microsoft-lisensene gjerne like mye som PC-ene i seg selv over
7614 en periode på 5-6 år.</p>
7615
7616 <p>Viktigheten av språklig mangfold og pedagogiske programmer var også
7617 viktig for oss. Vi oversatte mange skoleaktuelle programmer til
7618 nynorsk, nordsamisk og bokmål. Dette lenge før andre tok denne
7619 oppgaven seriøst.  Allerede etter ett år hadde vi etablert et helt
7620 arsenal av skoleaktuelle programmer på nynorsk, bokmål og
7621 nordsamisk. Vi spredde vår ide om språklig mangfold til de andre frie
7622 prosjekter internasjonalt. Resultatene ser vi i mange land. Det er de
7623 frie programmene som kommer på brukernes morsmål. Det er en av flere
7624 gode grunner til at fri programvare som LibreOffice, VLC, KDE og
7625 Firefox konkurrerer ut godseid programvare mange steder i verden.</p>
7626
7627 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7628
7629 <p>Fordelene er at Skolelinux tilbyr over 100 skoleaktuelle programmer
7630 på de norske språkene, uten ett øre i lisenskostnader. Systemet gir
7631 enormt lave driftskostnader med diskløse arbeidsstasjoner og bærbare
7632 med roaming.  Skolelinux krever også mindre av maskinvaren.</p>
7633
7634 <p>Man kan fint kjøre systemet med 512 MB RAM på en bærbar PC sammen
7635 med en nettvideo i nettleseren og en presentasjon med
7636 LibreOffice. Konkurrerende system krever fort 2 GB RAM for å få til
7637 noe tilsvarende uten at det går ufattelig tregt. Skal man gjøre noe
7638 nyttig, krever konkurrentene til Linux mye større harddisk. Skoler har
7639 rapportert at de fort har fått 50% flere nye maskiner om de velger
7640 Linux. Dette i tillegg til de årlige besparelsene ved å unngå
7641 lisensbetaling til godseid programvare.</p>
7642
7643 <p>De lave driftskostnadene gjør at delstater i Europa har titusener
7644 av datamaskiner med Skolelinux i skolen. F.eks. er det under ti
7645 personer som drifter 70.000 PC-systemer i skolene i Extremadura i
7646 Spania. Det er slett ikke uvanlig at norske kommuner har 1500-2000
7647 datamaskiner med Skolelinux.  Driften tar ett årsverk. Slår flere
7648 kommuner seg sammen, kan de få samme sentraliserte stordriftsfordeler
7649 som delstater i Tyskland og Spania.  Delstater som kjører Skolelinux
7650 på alle skolene. Bare noen få personer sentraldrifter titusenvis av
7651 PC-er.</p>
7652
7653 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7654
7655 <p>Den største ulempen for Skolelinux er motstand mot Linux fra
7656 IT-sjefer i det offentlige. Dette er ledere som holder innlegg som
7657 snytt ut av evangelist-håndboka til Microsoft. Dette gjøres i ett
7658 arbeidsmarked med stor vekst i etterspørselen etter Linux-fagfolk i
7659 privat sektor.  Etterspørselen har økt mer enn noe annet tekniske yrke
7660 siste tiåret.  Åtte av ti ledere vil ansette Linux-fagfolk i 2012,
7661 rapporterer jobbnettstedet Dice.com på oppdrag av Linux
7662 Foundation.</p>
7663
7664 <p>Det mangler 16.000 ingeniører og IKT-fagfolk i Norge rapporterte
7665 arbeids- og velferdsetaten NAV. Linux-fagfolk kan velge svært
7666 interessante jobber med alt fra apps på ledende mobilsystem laget med
7667 Linux, sky- tjenester eller web-applikasjoner. De raskest voksende
7668 teknologiselskapene i verden er ute etter Linux-fagfolk. Det være seg
7669 Amazon, Google, Facebook og IBM for å nevne noen. Linux er kritisk
7670 for å sikre veksten i markedet. Det sier seg selv at lønningene og
7671 jobbmulighetene er bedre enn for andre tekniske yrker.</p>
7672
7673 <p>Skal man lage apps for mobilen, smart-TV-en eller
7674 underholdningssystemet i bilen eller på flyet, er det Linux som
7675 gjelder. Med en slik konkurranse om Linux-kompetansen, kombinert med
7676 motstanden mot Linux hos mange IT-sjefer i offentlig sektor, så
7677 hindrer kommunene rekruttering av flere Linux- fagfolk. Skolene blir
7678 tvunget til å velge dyrere og mindre komplette IT-system. De har
7679 blitt hengende igjen slik IT var på begynnelsen av 2000- tallet. Dette
7680 fordi IT-ledere ikke har tilpasset seg markedet det siste tiåret.</p>
7681
7682 <p>Når det er sagt, er Skolelinux svært enkelt å lære seg også for de
7683 som ikke kan. Det viser alle lærerne som drifter systemet for
7684 hundrevis og tusenvis av systemer. Det meste er på plass rett ut av
7685 boksen. I tillegg er det solid med dokumentasjon med god hjelp på
7686 nettet. Det er mange kommuner som har ansatt en lærer som først lærte
7687 Skolelinux på sin skole, for så å drifte alle PC-ene i kommunen med
7688 Skolelinux. Det kan fort være snakk om 1000-3000 datamaskiner på 10-15
7689 skoler som sentraldriftes med en stilling.  Står man ordentlig fast,
7690 kan man også kjøpe profesjonell hjelp fra selskap som støtter
7691 Skolelinux. Det er flere slike selskap i Norge og i utlandet.</p>
7692
7693 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7694
7695 <p>Qt SDK, LibreOffice, Firefox, VLC og KDE-skrivebordet. Dette på et
7696 Debian-basert GNU/Linux-system. Jeg bruker også noen morsomme
7697 3D-spill. Idag kan jeg velge mellom over 30.000 Linux-programmer. Det
7698 finnes ikke tid i livet å undersøke alle valgmulighetene. Derfor er
7699 det bra med Skolelinux i skolen, da utvalget av programmer er
7700 begrenset til hva som er aktuelt i skolefagene.</p>
7701
7702 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7703 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7704
7705 <p>Vi må selge hele Skolelinux forhåndsinstallert på maskinvare i hele
7706 pakker med 50-100-1000 PC-klienter med servere. Dette kan selges til
7707 enkeltskoler eller hele kommuner. Pakken må inneholde tjenermaskiner,
7708 svært rimelige diskløse arbeidsstasjoner, nettbrett med Plasma Active,
7709 og bærbare med roaming. Alt er godt testet med Debian. I et slikt
7710 anbud er det mulig å legge til sentraliserte drifts- og
7711 støttetjenester.</p>
7712
7713 <p>Man bør også selge sky-tjenester som læreadministrative systemet
7714 Moodle og driftsovervåking. I tillegg så bør man slenge seg på med
7715 presentasjoner de gangene LibreOffice og andre friprog-produkter
7716 selges til kommuner.</p>
7717
7718       </div>
7719       <div class="tags">
7720
7721
7722         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7723
7724
7725       </div>
7726     </div>
7727     <div class="padding"></div>
7728
7729     <div class="entry">
7730       <div class="title">
7731         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">First release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
7732       </div>
7733       <div class="date">
7734         19th February 2012
7735       </div>
7736       <div class="body">
7737         <p>One week delayed due to DVD build problems, we managed today to
7738 wrap up and publish the first release candidate for
7739 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
7740 on Squeeze.  The full announcement is
7741 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/02/msg00001.html">available</a>
7742 on the project announcement list.  Check it out if you need a software
7743 solution for your school.</p>
7744
7745       </div>
7746       <div class="tags">
7747
7748
7749         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7750
7751
7752       </div>
7753     </div>
7754     <div class="padding"></div>
7755
7756     <div class="entry">
7757       <div class="title">
7758         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Olav_Dahlum.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Olav Dahlum</a>
7759       </div>
7760       <div class="date">
7761         18th February 2012
7762       </div>
7763       <div class="body">
7764         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
7765 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi nå
7766 høre fra et nyvalgt medlem i foreningen
7767 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
7768 Skolen</a>.</p>
7769
7770 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7771
7772 <p>Jeg heter Olav Dahlum, og er frilans oversetter, tester,
7773 prosjektleder og bruker av fri og åpen programvare som
7774 LibreOffice. Jeg er også et av styremedlemmene i FRISK.</p>
7775
7776 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7777
7778 <p>Jeg kom i kontakt med prosjektet i 2009, da jeg ble ansatt i
7779 stiftelsen Åpne kontorprogram på norsk for å oversette og teste den
7780 norske utgaven av OpenOffice.org. Arbeidet har hele tiden vært
7781 koordinert sammen med Skolelinux, og mange av de samme menneskene er
7782 involvert, så på den måten ble jeg en del av den utvidede
7783 familien.</p>
7784
7785 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7786
7787 <p>Skolelinux handler i likhet med utdanningssektoren om å dele
7788 kunnskap med andre, og det er dette som er hovedstyrken til
7789 prosjektet.  Selv om Skolelinux hovedsaklig er involvert i utvikling
7790 av programvare, er det også et sted der man kan utfolde seg uavhengig
7791 av bakgrunn og ferdigheter.</p>
7792
7793 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7794
7795 <p>Liten utbredelse og manglende støtte fra leverandører som leverer
7796 pedagogisk programvare til skolebruk.  Kunne kanskje hatt flere
7797 verktøy som letter administrasjonen ytterligere, slik at også mindre
7798 erfarne databrukere kan utføre lett vedlikehold og rutinejobber.</p>
7799
7800 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7801
7802 <p>Jeg er nesten forpliktet til å si at jeg bruker LibreOffice... Jeg
7803 bruker forøvrig frie og åpne operativsystemer basert på
7804 operativsystemkjernen Linux, for tiden openSUSE 12,1 med KDE4.  Men
7805 hvis jeg skal dra fram noen flere eksempler så er nok Mozilla Firefox
7806 og Thunderbird to av de jeg bruker mest. I tillegg er jeg en flittig
7807 bruker av OpenSSH, Irssi, Midnight Commander, Git, Subversion,
7808 Translation Toolkit og Super Maryo Chronicles (litt gøy skal man ha,
7809 og med to håndkontroller liggende er det ikke til å unngå).</p>
7810
7811 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7812 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7813
7814 <p>Vi må få leverandører av pedagogisk programvare med på laget, men
7815 også utvikle vår egen tilpasset det norske markedet.  Det er også
7816 mulig å involvere utdanningssektoren direkte i arbeidet, for eksempel
7817 gjennom studentprosjekter der elevene selv er med å utforme
7818 programvare direkte eller indirekte gjennom aktive bidrag.  Dette gjør
7819 ikke bare samarbeidet tettere, men fokuset på standarder og friheten
7820 til å velge sin egen løsning vil kanskje stimulere interessen for
7821 framtidig deltakelse i bransjen.  Vi som driver med fri og åpen
7822 programvare ønsker oss ikke rene konsumenter, men tenkende og
7823 selvstendige individer som kan være med å skape sin egen fremtid.</p>
7824
7825       </div>
7826       <div class="tags">
7827
7828
7829         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7830
7831
7832       </div>
7833     </div>
7834     <div class="padding"></div>
7835
7836     <div class="entry">
7837       <div class="title">
7838         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_proxy_configuration_with_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux.html">Automatic proxy configuration with Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
7839       </div>
7840       <div class="date">
7841         13th February 2012
7842       </div>
7843       <div class="body">
7844         <p>New in the Squeeze version of
7845 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> is the
7846 ability for clients to automatically configure their proxy settings
7847 based on their environment.  We want all systems on the client to use
7848 the WPAD based proxy definition fetched from <tt>http://wpad/wpad.dat</tt>, to
7849 allow sites to control the proxy setting from a central place and make
7850 sure clients do not have hard coded proxy settings.  The schools can
7851 change the global proxy setting by editing
7852 <tt>tjener:/etc/debian-edu/www/wpad.dat</tt> and the change propagate
7853 to all Debian Edu clients in the network.</p>
7854
7855 <p>The problem is that some systems do not understand the WPAD system.
7856 In other words, how do one get from a WPAD file like this (this is a
7857 simple one, they can run arbitrary code):</p>
7858
7859 <blockquote><pre>
7860 function FindProxyForURL(url, host)
7861 {
7862    if (!isResolvable(host) ||
7863        isPlainHostName(host) ||
7864        dnsDomainIs(host, ".intern"))
7865       return "DIRECT";
7866    else
7867       return "PROXY webcache:3128; DIRECT";
7868 }
7869 </pre></blockquote>
7870
7871 <p>to a proxy setting in the process environment looking like this:</p>
7872
7873 <blockquote><pre>
7874 http_proxy=http://webcache:3128/
7875 ftp_proxy=http://webcache:3128/
7876 </pre></blockquote>
7877
7878 <p>To do this conversion I developed a perl script that will execute
7879 the javascript fragment in the WPAD file and return the proxy that
7880 would be used for
7881 <tt><a href="http://www.debian.org/">http://www.debian.org/</a></tt>,
7882 and insert this extracted proxy URL in <tt>/etc/environment</tt> and
7883 <tt>/etc/apt/apt.conf</tt>.  The perl script wpad-extract work just
7884 fine in Squeeze, but in Wheezy the library it need to run the
7885 javascript code is <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/631045">no longer
7886 able to build</a> because the C library it depended on is now a C++
7887 library.  I hope someone find a solution to that problem before Wheezy
7888 is frozen.  An alternative would be for us to rewrite wpad-extract to
7889 use some other javascript library currently working in Wheezy, but no
7890 known alternative is known at the moment.</p>
7891
7892 <p>This automatic proxy system allow the roaming workstation (aka
7893 laptop) setup in Debian Edu/Squeeze to use the proxy when the laptop
7894 is connected to the backbone network in a Debian Edu setup, and to
7895 automatically use any proxy present and announced using the WPAD
7896 feature when it is connected to other networks.  And if no proxy is
7897 announced, direct connections will be used instead.</p>
7898
7899 <p>Silently using a proxy announced on the network might be a privacy
7900 or security problem.  But those controlling DHCP and DNS on a network
7901 could just as easily set up a transparent proxy, and force all HTTP
7902 and FTP connections to use a proxy anyway, so I consider that
7903 distinction to be academic.  If you are afraid of using the wrong
7904 proxy, you should avoid connecting to the network in question in the
7905 first place.  In Debian Edu, the proxy setup is updated using dhcp and
7906 ifupdown hooks, to make sure the configuration is updated every time
7907 the network setup changes.</p>
7908
7909 <p>The WPAD system is documented in a
7910 <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-wrec-wpad-01">IETF
7911 draft</a> and a
7912 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_Proxy_Autodiscovery_Protocol">Wikipedia
7913 page</a> for those that want to learn more.</p>
7914
7915       </div>
7916       <div class="tags">
7917
7918
7919         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7920
7921
7922       </div>
7923     </div>
7924     <div class="padding"></div>
7925
7926     <div class="entry">
7927       <div class="title">
7928         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Axel_Bojer.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Axel Bojer</a>
7929       </div>
7930       <div class="date">
7931          7th February 2012
7932       </div>
7933       <div class="body">
7934         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
7935 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet har jeg
7936 fått en av oversetterne som har vært med siden starten i tale.</p>
7937
7938 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7939
7940 <p>Jeg heter Axel Bojer og er datalærer, tysklærer, oversetter med
7941 mere.</p>
7942
7943 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7944
7945 <p>Tror jeg så en annonsering på nettet i slutten av 2001 og ville
7946 være med som oversetter.  Jeg kom med på en utviklersamling og
7947 prosjektet var da helt i starten.  Det var spennende å være med mens
7948 prosjektet vokste til og utviklet seg.</p>
7949
7950 <p>Jeg har «alltid» vært språkinteressert og hadde nettopp startet med
7951 Linux og tror jeg tenkte det passet å bidra.  Var også glad for å få
7952 en Debian-distribusjon, og ville gjerne bruke den selv.  Til å begynne
7953 med brukte jeg først Mandrake og så Debian. Og siden jeg oppdaget at
7954 det ikke var noen mulighet for å bruke den som enkeltstående i lang
7955 tid, så gikk jeg etterhvert over til Kubuntu</p>
7956
7957 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7958
7959 <p>Løsningen er forholdsvis lett å sette opp, gratis, fri programvare
7960 og gjør det mulig å gjenbruke eldre maskiner.  Det fine med Debian er
7961 at det er stabilt og har en veldig stor mengde programmer. Jeg liker
7962 også apt.  :-) Jeg liker også friheten ved Linux og muligheten til å
7963 delta og forme sin egen datahverdag.</p>
7964
7965 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7966
7967 <p>Skolelinux er for lite kjent og for sent ute med å gi ut nye
7968 versjoner.</p>
7969
7970 <p>Da jeg selv i hovedsak bruker Kubuntu, så kan jeg egentlig ikke
7971 svare så detaljert rundt ulempene med Skolelinux.  Hovedårsaken til at
7972 jeg bruker Kubuntu er nok at da vi begynte med det mener jeg det ikke
7973 var noen annen løsning.  «Vandrende arbeidsstasjon» mener jeg ikke
7974 fantes da.  Dessuten ville jeg ha siste versjon, da den KDE-versjonen
7975 som var i Skolelinux den gangen var en god del enklere (tror det var
7976 KDE 2) var dårligere i mine øyne enn versjon 3.</p>
7977
7978 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7979
7980 <p>Jeg bruker blant annet Kubuntu, LibreOffice, Thunderbird, Firefox,
7981 Kate, <a href="http://comix.sourceforge.net/">Comix</a> og Konsole.  Og
7982 en hel haug andre ved behov :-)</p>
7983
7984 <p>Har oversatt Comix selv, men det er jo ikke skjedd noe med Comix
7985 siden 2009, så den er det nok bare jeg som har.  Om andre vil ha den
7986 gir jeg den gjerne videre.  Ser at noen har startet på
7987 <a href="http://mcomix.sourceforge.net/">MComix</a> siden jeg så på så
7988 på dette sist, så nå er jeg igang med å teste og oversette den
7989 også.</p>
7990
7991 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7992 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7993
7994 <p>Det viktigste er å forankre beslutningen i kollegiet og med de som
7995 er ansvarlige for å vedlikeholde og bruke datamaskinene.  Flest mulig
7996 bør være med på å holde det (sosialt) vedlike, kjenne og støtte
7997 prinsippene. Som enkeltmannsprosjekt blir det lett veldig sårbart,
7998 særlig når (Skole)linux ennå i stor grad er en motkultur og ikke noe
7999 en stor nok andel av beslutningstakere, brukere osv kjenner til og
8000 bruker.</p>
8001
8002 <p>Jeg tror det viktigste er å fortsette å holde fri programvare godt,
8003 oppdatert, minimere antall feil, ha en god kontakt med brukerne og
8004 attraktivt og spennende programmer. Beholde alt som er bra og ha det
8005 tilgjengelig samtidig som man tilbyr det nyeste og rareste for de som
8006 vil ha det.</p>
8007
8008       </div>
8009       <div class="tags">
8010
8011
8012         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8013
8014
8015       </div>
8016     </div>
8017     <div class="padding"></div>
8018
8019     <div class="entry">
8020       <div class="title">
8021         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Saving_power_with_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_using_shutdown_at_night.html">Saving power with Debian Edu / Skolelinux using shutdown-at-night</a>
8022       </div>
8023       <div class="date">
8024          5th February 2012
8025       </div>
8026       <div class="body">
8027         <p>Since the Lenny version of
8028 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>, a
8029 feature to save power have been included.  It is as simple as it is
8030 practical: Shut down unused clients at night, and turn them on again
8031 in the morning.  This is done using the
8032 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/shutdown-at-night.html">shutdown-at-night</a> Debian package.</p>
8033
8034 <p>To enable this feature on a client, the machine need to be added to
8035 the netgroup shutdown-at-night-hosts.  For Debian Edu, this is done in
8036 LDAP, and once this is in place, the machine in question will check
8037 every hour from 16:00 until 06:00 to see if the machine is unused, and
8038 shut it down if it is.  If the hardware in question is supported by
8039 the
8040 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/n/nvram-wakeup.html">nvram-wakeup</a>
8041 package, the BIOS is told to turn the machine back on around 07:00 +-
8042 10 minutes.  If this isn't working, one can configure wake-on-lan to
8043 try to turn on the client.  The wake-on-lan option is only documented
8044 and not enabled by default in Debian Edu.</p>
8045
8046 <p>It is important to not turn all machines on at once, as this can
8047 blow a fuse if several computers are connected to the same fuse like
8048 the common setup for a classroom.  The nvram-wakeup method only work
8049 for machines with a functioning hardware/BIOS clock.  I've seen old
8050 machines where the BIOS battery were dead and the hardware clock were
8051 starting from 0 (or was it 1990?) every boot.  If you have one of
8052 those, you have to turn on the computer manually.</p>
8053
8054 <p>The shutdown-at-night package is completely self contained, and can
8055 also be used outside the Debian Edu environment.  For those without a
8056 central LDAP server with netgroups, one can instead touch the file
8057 <tt>/etc/shutdown-at-night/shutdown-at-night</tt> to enable it.
8058 Perhaps you too can use it to save some power?</p>
8059
8060       </div>
8061       <div class="tags">
8062
8063
8064         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8065
8066
8067       </div>
8068     </div>
8069     <div class="padding"></div>
8070
8071     <div class="entry">
8072       <div class="title">
8073         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_beta_version_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Third beta version of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
8074       </div>
8075       <div class="date">
8076          4th February 2012
8077       </div>
8078       <div class="body">
8079         <p>I am happy to announce that finally we managed today to wrap up and
8080 publish the third beta version of
8081 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
8082 on Squeeze.  If you want to test a LDAP backed Kerberos server with
8083 out of the box PXE configuration for running diskless machines and
8084 installing new machines, check it out.  If you need a software
8085 solution for your school, check it out too.  The full announcement is
8086 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/02/msg00000.html">available</a>
8087 on the project announcement list.</p>
8088
8089 <p>I am very happy to report these changes and improvements since
8090 beta2 (there are more, see announcement for full list):</p>
8091
8092 <ul>
8093
8094 <li>It is now possible to change the pre-configured IP subnet from
8095   10.0.0.0/8 to something else by using the subnet-change tool after
8096   the installation.</li>
8097
8098 <li>Too full partitions are now automatically extended on the Main
8099   Server, based on the rules specified in /etc/fsautoresizetab.</li>
8100
8101 <li>The CUPS queues are now automatically flushed every night, and all
8102   disabled queues are restarted every hour.  This should cut down on
8103   the amount of manual administration needed for printers.</li>
8104
8105 <li>The set of initial users have been changed.  Now a personal user
8106   for the local system administrator is created during installation
8107   instead of the previously created localadmin and super-admin users,
8108   and this user is granted administrative privileges using group
8109   membership.  This reduces the number of passwords one need to keep
8110   up to date on the system.</li>
8111
8112 </ul>
8113
8114 <p>The new main server seem to work so well that I am testing it as my
8115 private DNS/LDAP/Kerberos/PXE/LTSP server at home.  I will use it look
8116 for issues we could fix to polish Debian Edu even further before the
8117 final Squeeze release is published.</p>
8118
8119 <p>Next weekend the project organise a
8120 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/01/msg00001.html">developer
8121 gathering</a> in Oslo.  We will continue the work on the Squeeze
8122 version, and start initial planning for the Wheezy version.  Perhaps I
8123 will see you there?</p>
8124
8125       </div>
8126       <div class="tags">
8127
8128
8129         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8130
8131
8132       </div>
8133     </div>
8134     <div class="padding"></div>
8135
8136     <div class="entry">
8137       <div class="title">
8138         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Handling_non_free_firmware_in_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Handling non-free firmware in Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
8139       </div>
8140       <div class="date">
8141         27th January 2012
8142       </div>
8143       <div class="body">
8144         <p>With some computer hardware, one need non-free firmware blobs.
8145 This is the sad fact of todays computers.  In the next version of
8146 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
8147 on Squeeze, we provide several scripts and modifications to make
8148 firmware blobs easier to handle.  The common use case I run into is a
8149 laptop with a wireless network card requiring non-free firmware to
8150 work, but there are other use cases as well.</p>
8151
8152 <p>First and foremost, Debian Edu provide ISO images for DVD and CD
8153 with all firmware packages in the Debian sections main and non-free
8154 included, to ensure debian-installer find and can install all of them
8155 during installation.  This take care firmware for network devices used
8156 by the installer when installing from from local media.  But for
8157 example multimedia devices are not activated in the installer and are
8158 not taken care of by this.</p>
8159
8160 <p>For non-network devices, we provide the script
8161 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/auto-addfirmware</tt> which
8162 search through the <tt>dmesg</tt> output for drivers requesting extra
8163 firmware.  The firmware file name is looked up in the Contents-ARCH.gz
8164 file available in the package repository, and the packages providing
8165 the requested firmware file(s) is installed.  I have proposed to do
8166 something similar in debian-installer (BTS report
8167 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/655507">#655507</a>), to allow PXE
8168 installs of Debian to handle firmware installation better.  Run the
8169 script as root from the command line to fetch and install the needed
8170 firmware packages.</p>
8171
8172 <p>Debian Edu provide PXE installation of Debian out of the box, and
8173 because some machines need firmware to get their network cards
8174 working, the installation initrd some times need extra firmware
8175 included to be able to install at all.  To fill the PXE installation
8176 initrd with extra firmware, the
8177 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/pxe-addfirmware</tt> script is
8178 provided.  Again, just run it as root on the command line to fill the
8179 PXE initrd with firmware packages.</p>
8180
8181 <p>Last, some LTSP clients might also need firmware to get their
8182 network cards working.  For this,
8183 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/ltsp-addfirmware</tt> is
8184 provided to update the LTSP initrd with firmware blobs.  It is used
8185 the same way as the other firmware related tools.</p>
8186
8187 <p>At the moment, we do not run any of these during installation.  We
8188 do not know if this is acceptable for the local administrator to use
8189 non-free software, and it is their choice.</p>
8190
8191 <p>We plan to release beta3 this weekend.  You might want to give it a
8192 try.</p>
8193
8194       </div>
8195       <div class="tags">
8196
8197
8198         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8199
8200
8201       </div>
8202     </div>
8203     <div class="padding"></div>
8204
8205     <div class="entry">
8206       <div class="title">
8207         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skjermbilder_fra_nordsamisk_installasjon_av_Skolelinux_Squeeze.html">Skjermbilder fra nordsamisk installasjon av Skolelinux/Squeeze</a>
8208       </div>
8209       <div class="date">
8210         26th January 2012
8211       </div>
8212       <div class="body">
8213         <p>For morro skyld har jeg gjennomført en nordsamisk installasjon for
8214 neste utgave av <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>
8215 (Squeeze) og knipset skjermbilder av resultatet.</p>
8216
8217 <p>Som en kan se der er det noen oversettelser som mangler.  Det hadde
8218 vært hyggelig hvis alle tekstene som vises i Skolelinux-installasjonen
8219 ble oversatt til nordsamisk, men for å få det til må noen som forstår
8220 språket melde seg til dyst.  Det er mangel på nordsamiske oversettere
8221 av fri programvare.  Hvis noen starter raskt, så bør en rekke å
8222 fullføre Wheezy-utgaven før den gis ut. :)</p>
8223
8224 <p>Se <a href="http://d-i.debian.org/l10n-stats/">oversetterstatistikk for
8225 debian installer</a> for detaljert status.  Jeg har tipset
8226 <a href="https://lister.ping.uio.no/mailman/listinfo/i18n-sme">epostlisten for samiskoversettelser</a>,
8227 men det har vært veldig liten aktivitet der de siste årene.</p>
8228
8229 <p><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/01-isomenu.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/01-isomenu.png" width="40%"></a>
8230 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/02-sme-lang.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/02-sme-lang.png" width="40%"></a>
8231 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/03-sme-place.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/03-sme-place.png" width="40%"></a>
8232 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/04-sme-keymap.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/04-sme-keymap.png" width="40%"></a>
8233 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/05-sme-profile.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/05-sme-profile.png" width="40%"></a>
8234 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/06-sme-autopart.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/06-sme-autopart.png" width="40%"></a>
8235 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/07-sme-popcon.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/07-sme-popcon.png" width="40%"></a>
8236 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/08-sme-rootpw1.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/08-sme-rootpw1.png" width="40%"></a>
8237 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/09-sme-rootpw2.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/09-sme-rootpw2.png" width="40%"></a>
8238 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/10-sme-firstuser.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/10-sme-firstuser.png" width="40%"></a>
8239 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/11-sme-firstusername.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/11-sme-firstusername.png" width="40%"></a>
8240 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/12-sme-firstuserpw1.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/12-sme-firstuserpw1.png" width="40%"></a>
8241 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/13-sme-firstuserpw2.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/13-sme-firstuserpw2.png" width="40%"></a>
8242 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/14-sme-part.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/14-sme-part.png" width="40%"></a>
8243 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/15-sme-debootstrap.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/15-sme-debootstrap.png" width="40%"></a>
8244 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/16-sme-tasksel.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/16-sme-tasksel.png" width="40%"></a>
8245 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/17-sme-wordlist.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/17-sme-wordlist.png" width="40%"></a>
8246 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/18-sme-tasksel.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/18-sme-tasksel.png" width="40%"></a>
8247 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/19-sme-ltsp.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/19-sme-ltsp.png" width="40%"></a>
8248 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/20-sme-grub.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/20-sme-grub.png" width="40%"></a>
8249 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/21-sme-finish-install.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/21-sme-finish-install.png" width="40%"></a>
8250 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/22-sme-finish-message.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/22-sme-finish-message.png" width="40%"></a></p>
8251
8252       </div>
8253       <div class="tags">
8254
8255
8256         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8257
8258
8259       </div>
8260     </div>
8261     <div class="padding"></div>
8262
8263     <div class="entry">
8264       <div class="title">
8265         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Setting_up_a_new_school_with_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Setting up a new school with Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
8266       </div>
8267       <div class="date">
8268         25th January 2012
8269       </div>
8270       <div class="body">
8271         <p>The next version of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu
8272 / Skolelinux</a> will include a new tool
8273 <tt>sitesummary2ldapdhcp</tt>, which can be used to quickly set up all
8274 the computers in a school without much manual labour.  Here is a short
8275 summary on how to use it to set up a new school.</p>
8276
8277 <p>First, install a combined Main Server and Thin Client Server as the
8278 central server in the network.  Next, PXE boot all the client machines
8279 as thin clients and wait 5 minutes after the last client booted to
8280 allow the clients to report their existence to the central server.  When
8281 this is done, log on to the central server and run
8282 <tt>sitesummary2ldapdhcp -a</tt> in the <tt>konsole</tt> to use the
8283 collected information to generate system objects in LDAP.  The output
8284 will look similar to this:</p>
8285
8286 <p><blockquote><pre>
8287 % sitesummary2ldapdhcp -a
8288 info: Updating machine tjener.intern [10.0.2.2] id ether-00:01:02:03:04:05.
8289 info: Create GOsa machine for auto-mac-00-01-02-03-04-06 [10.0.16.20] id ether-00:01:02:03:04:06.
8290
8291 Enter password if you want to activate these changes, and ^c to abort.
8292
8293 Connecting to LDAP as cn=admin,ou=ldap-access,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
8294 enter password: *******
8295 %
8296 </pre></blockquote></p>
8297
8298 <p>After providing the LDAP administrative password (the same as the
8299 root password set during installation), the LDAP database will be
8300 populated with system objects for each PXE booted machine with
8301 automatically generated names.  The final step to set up the school is
8302 then to log into <a href="https://oss.gonicus.de/labs/gosa/">GOsa</a>,
8303 the web based user, group and system administration system to change
8304 system names, add systems to the correct host groups and finally
8305 enable DHCP and DNS for the systems.  All clients that should be used
8306 as diskless workstations should be added to the workstation-hosts
8307 group.  After this is done, all computers can be booted again via PXE
8308 and get their assigned names and group based configuration
8309 automatically.</p>
8310
8311 <p>We plan to release beta3 with the updated version of this feature
8312 enabled this weekend.  You might want to give it a try.</p>
8313
8314 <p>Update 2012-01-28: When calling sitesummary2ldapdhcp to add new
8315 hosts, one need to add the option -a.  I forgot to mention this in my
8316 original text, and have added it to the text now.</p>
8317
8318       </div>
8319       <div class="tags">
8320
8321
8322         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
8323
8324
8325       </div>
8326     </div>
8327     <div class="padding"></div>
8328
8329     <div class="entry">
8330       <div class="title">
8331         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Paul_Reidar_L_snesl_kken.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken</a>
8332       </div>
8333       <div class="date">
8334         18th January 2012
8335       </div>
8336       <div class="body">
8337         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
8338 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, har jeg nå
8339 lyktes med å få tak i en skolemann som ikke er aktiv med utviklingen,
8340 men likevel har vært med nesten siden starten av prosjektet.  Jeg
8341 ønsker derfor velkommen til Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken, en mann med
8342 mange års erfaring i bruk av Skolelinux.</p>
8343
8344 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8345
8346 <p>Jeg driftet tidligere IKT løsningen for skolene i
8347 <a href="http://www.nord-odal.kommune.no/">Nord-Odal</a>.  I dag er jeg
8348 IKT-konsulent for hele kommunen og samarbeider med
8349 <a href="http://www.hedmarken-ikt.no/">Hedmark-IKT</a> for best mulig
8350 tjenester til kommunen. Jeg har bakgrunn som elektronikkreparatør og
8351 grunnskolelærer og har tatt en del fag innen IKT, i hovedsak
8352 driftsfag. IKT i Nord-Odal kommune blir i dag driftet av Hedmark IKT
8353 som er et samarbeid mellom Løten, Stange, Grue, Hamar, Kongsvinger og
8354 Nord-Odal. Jeg er fortsatt "IKT-personen" på skolene i kommunen og
8355 følger opp og gjør enkelte mindre endringer der.</p>
8356
8357 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8358
8359 <p>Kommunen satset på Skolelinux i 2004.  Jeg var ikke med i
8360 beslutningsprosessen den gang, men ble likevel med fra starten når
8361 dette ble levert.</p>
8362
8363 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8364
8365 <p>Fordelene med Skolelinux er rask oppstart, sentral drift av
8366 klientene, klienter som jobber raskt og effektivt, bedre
8367 funksjonalitet på eldre utstyr og en ganske god programpakke med fri
8368 programvare som følger med.  Løsningen med halvtykke klienter gjør at
8369 prosessering skjer lokalt med alltid ferske maskiner.</p>
8370
8371 <p>Skolelinux kan fungere godt på gammelt utstyr, men det er klart at
8372 utstyr også blir for gammelt selv for Skolelinux.  I forbindelese med
8373 at vi nylig fikk nye servere og ny installasjon kastet jeg ut ca 60
8374 klienter som fortsatt var i drift etter at de var kjøpt godt brukt i
8375 2004.  Noe var rundt 15 år gammelt, men var fortsatt i bruk. Noen
8376 klaget på at det nå gikk veldig tregt på en del pedagogiske nettsider
8377 med flash o.l. Det er fullt forståelig.</p>
8378
8379 <p>Jeg fikk nylig et spørsmål fra ungdomsskolens rektor om jeg kunne
8380 legge inn <a href="http://freemind.sourceforge.net/">FreeMind</a>, et
8381 tankekartprogram , på skolens elev-Windowsmaskiner. Lærerne hadde
8382 vært på kurs og ville ta dette i bruk. Skolen har ca halvparten av
8383 elevmaskinene på bærbare Windowsmaskiner. Da kunne jeg fortelle at
8384 dette programmet allerede lå inne på den nye Skolelinuxløsningen
8385 som nettopp var satt i drift, klart til bruk.</p>
8386
8387 <p>Vi har de bærbare maskinene på ungdomsskolen i domene med
8388 Skolelinux.  Dette fungerer også meget bra nå. Elevene får opp en
8389 midlertidig windowsprofil når de logger på.  Denne profilen slettes
8390 etter at de logger av, noe som medfører rene profiler hver gang de
8391 starter opp en maskin.  De må lagre i sin Skolelinprofil, noe som
8392 medfører at de får tak i sine filer uavhengig av om de starter en
8393 Windowsmaskin eller en Skolelinuxklient. Det er mye mindre trafikk i
8394 det trådløse nettet etter at ikke hele profiler blir lastet opp til de
8395 enkelte Windowsmaskinene og tilbake når man avslutter. Jeg vet ikke om
8396 dette er standardoppsett i Skolelinux, men slik er vårt oppsett
8397 nå.</p>
8398
8399 <p>Vi har i flere år satt opp vår løsning slik at skriverkøer slettes
8400 og skrivere startes hver natt.  Hyggelig å høre at dette nå skal bli
8401 en standard i Skolelinuxløsningen.  Dette har vært en god hjelp for
8402 oss.</p>
8403
8404 <p>Elevene er lite opptatt av om de jobber på en Skolelinux eller en
8405 Windowsmaskin bare de har de programmene de trenger og at det virker
8406 når det skal brukes. Vi kjører mest mulig de samme programmene på
8407 Windows som i Skolelinux, som f.eks Audacity og LibreOffice.</p>
8408
8409 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8410
8411 <p>Lærere bruker hos oss Windows. Dette fordi de da selv har mer
8412 kontroll over sin maskin, kan bruke den overalt, og kan legge inn
8413 programmer selv når de trenger noe i forhold til kurs o.l de er
8414 på. Jeg tror lærernes selvstendighet her gjør dem tryggere på IKT-bruk
8415 generelt. Det at de av og til får opp advarsler og lignende gjør også
8416 at de må tenke igjennom og spørre om ting rundt datasikkerhet.</p>
8417
8418 <p>Det er en del programmer vi bruker som ikke finnes for Linux.  Mest
8419 brukt er nok Photostory3 som brukes i mange sammenhenger, særlig på
8420 ungdomsskolen, bl.a. til å lage herbarier (plantesamling) .  Dette
8421 finnes gratis for Windows, men er ikke fri programvare.  Vi er opptatt
8422 av at programmer elevene bruker på skolen også kan brukes gratis
8423 hjemme. Det er også en del programmer som brukes til spesielle elever
8424 som bare går i Windows. Det er viktig med fokus på funksjoner og ikke
8425 på hvilket OS man bruker.</p>
8426
8427 <p>For oss er det kombinasjonen mellom Skolelinux og Windows som gir
8428 oss en god og hel løsning. Skolelinux er best der de er gode.</p>
8429
8430 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8431
8432 <p>Selv er det LibreOffice jeg bruker til daglig.  Jeg bruker selv en
8433 Windowsmaskin. Jeg har benyttet en del fri programvare i forbindelse
8434 med sjekking av trafikk i nettverk, slik som Wireshark, men dette er
8435 jo ikke aktuelt for skolene. Jeg er generelt glad i programmer som
8436 fungerer på både Linux og Windows og gjerne MAC.</p>
8437
8438 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8439 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8440
8441 <p>Det er viktig at det benyttes programmer som elevene også kan ta i
8442 bruk hjemme.  Det skal da være enkelt, lovlig og gratis for
8443 elevene. Da er jeg ikke lenger veldig opptatt av om det kalles "fri
8444 programvare".  For skolene tror jeg "gratis" og "funksjonelt" er bedre
8445 begreper enn "fri" i forhold til programmer.  De fleste skiller nok
8446 ikke mellom "fri" og "gratis". Det er nå svært mange elever som
8447 benytter OpenOffice eller LibreOffice som sin primære kontorpakke
8448 hjemme.</p>
8449
8450       </div>
8451       <div class="tags">
8452
8453
8454         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8455
8456
8457       </div>
8458     </div>
8459     <div class="padding"></div>
8460
8461     <div class="entry">
8462       <div class="title">
8463         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Changing_the_default_Iceweasel_start_page_in_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Changing the default Iceweasel start page in Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
8464       </div>
8465       <div class="date">
8466         10th January 2012
8467       </div>
8468       <div class="body">
8469         <p>In the Squeeze version of
8470 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> soon
8471 to be released, users of the system will get their default browser
8472 start page set from LDAP, allowing the system administrator to point
8473 all users to the school web page by updating one setting in LDAP.  In
8474 addition to setting the default start page when a machine boots, users
8475 are shown the same page as a welcome page when they log in for the
8476 first time.</p>
8477
8478 <p>The LDAP object dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no have an attribute
8479 labeledURI with "http://www/ LDAP for Debian Edu/Skolelinux" as the
8480 default content.  By changing this value to another URL, all users get
8481 to see the page behind this new URL.</p>
8482
8483 <p>An easy way to update it is by using the ldapvi tool.  It can be
8484 called as "<tt>ldapvi -ZD '(cn=admin)'</tt>' to update LDAP with the
8485 new setting.</p>
8486
8487 <p>We have written the code to adjust the default start page and show
8488 the welcome page, and I wonder if there is an easier way to do this
8489 from within Iceweasel instead.</p>
8490
8491       </div>
8492       <div class="tags">
8493
8494
8495         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
8496
8497
8498       </div>
8499     </div>
8500     <div class="padding"></div>
8501
8502     <div class="entry">
8503       <div class="title">
8504         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_beta_version_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Second beta version of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
8505       </div>
8506       <div class="date">
8507          7th January 2012
8508       </div>
8509       <div class="body">
8510         <p>I am happy to announce that today we managed to wrap up and publish
8511 the second beta version of
8512 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>.  If
8513 you want to test a LDAP backed Kerberos server with out of the box PXE
8514 configuration for running diskless machines and installing new
8515 machines, check it out.  If you need a software solution for your
8516 school, check it out too.  The full announcement is
8517 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/01/msg00000.html">available</a>
8518 on the project announcement list.</p>
8519
8520       </div>
8521       <div class="tags">
8522
8523
8524         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8525
8526
8527       </div>
8528     </div>
8529     <div class="padding"></div>
8530
8531     <div class="entry">
8532       <div class="title">
8533         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fixing_an_hanging_debian_installer_for_Debian_Edu.html">Fixing an hanging debian installer for Debian Edu</a>
8534       </div>
8535       <div class="date">
8536          3rd January 2012
8537       </div>
8538       <div class="body">
8539         <p>During christmas, I have been working getting the next version of
8540 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> ready
8541 for release.  The initial problem I looked at was particularly
8542 interesting.</p>
8543
8544 <P>The installer would hang at the end when it was doing it
8545 post-installation configuration, and whatevery I did to try to find
8546 the cause and fix it always worked while I tested it, but never when I
8547 integrated it into the installer and ran the installation from
8548 scratch.  I would try to restart processes, close file descriptors,
8549 remove or create files, and the installer would always unblock and
8550 wrap up its tasks.</p>
8551
8552 <p>Eventually the cause was found.  The kernel was simply running out
8553 of entropy, causing the Kerberos setup to hang waiting for more.
8554 Pressing keys was adding entropy to the kernel, and thus all my tries
8555 to fix the problem worked not because what I was typing to fix it, but
8556 because I was typing.</P>
8557
8558 <p>The fix I implemented was to add a background process looking at
8559 the level of entropy in the kernel (by checking
8560 /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail), and if it was too small, the
8561 installer will flush the kernel file buffers and do 'find /' to
8562 generate some disk IO.  Disk IO generate entropy in the kernel, and is
8563 one of the few things that can be initated from within the system to
8564 generate entropy.</p>
8565
8566 <p>The fix is in
8567 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/Installation">beta1
8568 of the Debian Edu/Squeeze</a> version, and we
8569 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu">welcome more testers and
8570 developers</a>.  We plan to release beta2 this weekend.</p>
8571
8572       </div>
8573       <div class="tags">
8574
8575
8576         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8577
8578
8579       </div>
8580     </div>
8581     <div class="padding"></div>
8582
8583     <div class="entry">
8584       <div class="title">
8585         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Peter_Hansteen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Peter Hansteen</a>
8586       </div>
8587       <div class="date">
8588         11th December 2011
8589       </div>
8590       <div class="body">
8591         <p>Etter en lang pause er det klart for neste mann ut i min serie med
8592 intervjuer av
8593 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-relaterte personer.
8594
8595 Denne gangen har jeg besøk av et avtroppende styremedlem i
8596 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, og en mann
8597 som har vært aktiv i Linux-miljøet i Bergen siden 90-tallet.</p>
8598
8599 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8600
8601 <p>Jeg heter Peter Hansteen, og jobber til daglig som seniorkonsulent
8602 i EDB ErgoGroup i Bergen.  I praksis betyr det systemadministrasjon på
8603 Unix (primært Solaris, men en viss komponent av Linux).  Men Solaris
8604 er for meg et relativt nytt bekjentskap, hovedplattformen min har
8605 generelt vært OpenBSD og til dels FreeBSD.</p>
8606
8607 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8608
8609 <p>Jeg husker ikke helt alle detaljene mer ;) - men jeg tror det var
8610 gjennom news-gruppen no.it.os.unix.linux.diverse, efn-listen og
8611 etterhvert også BLUG-miljøet her i Bergen.  Vi hadde et par
8612 Skolelinux-sentrerte BLUG-møter for noen år siden, og det har vært et
8613 par Skolelinux-utviklersamlinger her.</p>
8614
8615 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8616
8617 <p>Jeg bruker dessverre ikke Skolelinux daglig. Men slik jeg kjenner
8618 prosjektet har det vært i stand til å ta opp i seg det beste av fri
8619 programvare i mange kategorier, så fra et sysadmin-perspektiv ser det
8620 ut som en svært behagelig sak.  For brukerne er det vel både en fordel
8621 og en ulempe at det ikke er Windows. Men vi håper at fordelene med et
8622 fritt system etterhvert vil bli åpenbare for både elever, lærekrefter
8623 og foreldre.</p>
8624
8625 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8626
8627 <p>Vel, ulempen er vel først og fremst at andre aktører med mer
8628 kapitalmuskel har klart å etablere seg som det både lærere og foreldre
8629 føler seg trygge på, selv om det etter mitt hode ikke er noen grunn
8630 til å være spesielt trygg på de kommersielle alternativene.</p>
8631
8632 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8633
8634 <p>Når jeg får bestemme helt selv, bruker jeg kun fri programvare. Da
8635 helst med vekt på ting som kjører greit på OpenBSD.  Hjemme er det
8636 OpenBSD, Ubuntu eller FreeBSD vi bruker.  På skrivebordet er det en
8637 avveining mellom Gnome, KDE eller hva-det-nå-heter som er
8638 standardvalget i Ubuntu, ellers er det de kjente tingene som
8639 LibreOffice, Emacs, mplayer.  På server er det selvfølgelig Apache,
8640 for overvåking både OpenNMS og Nagios (det bare ble sånn, og
8641 forskjellige siter).  Jeg skriver til tider om slikt jeg holder på med
8642 på
8643 <a href="http://bsdly.blogspot.com">http://bsdly.blogspot.com</a>.</p>
8644
8645 <p>Men vi må nevne at selv vi har en Microsoft-ting som vi slår på når
8646 vi av en eller annen grunn må. Det betyr igjen vanligvis når en
8647 mobiltelefon eller en annen lukket elektronisk dings krever kontakt
8648 via en slik for å få oppdateringene sine.</p>
8649
8650 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8651 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8652
8653 <p>Hadde vi hatt det rette svaret på det spørsmålet, så hadde vi
8654 gjerne hatt Skolelinux som førstevalg på alle skoler ;)</p>
8655
8656 <p>Men jeg tror vi må legge vekt på flere forskjellige ting.  En helt
8657 sentral sak er å fokusere på fri programvare og åpne standarder som de
8658 demokratiske verdiene de faktisk er.  Det har kanskje kommet litt for
8659 mye i bakgrunnen i forhold til strevet etter å lage det mest mulig
8660 'brukervennlige' systemet.  Det er en tung vei å gå, så det er
8661 forståelig at freenix-aktivister heller velger å skrive kode og annet
8662 som er mer lystbetont. Mer praktisk tror jeg vi må gjøre i alle fall
8663 to ting: For det første sørge for å fortsette med å levere det best
8664 mulige frie produktet, slik at det er lett å både komme i gang og
8665 holde systemene i daglig drift, og for det andre 2) spore opp mulige
8666 aktivister der de finnes, via lokale brukergrupper, sosiale medier
8667 eller annet og sørge for at de fortsetter å være aktive.  Mer og
8668 mindre uformelle treff kan være nyttig i tillegg til de mer
8669 organiserte møtene med foredrag, konferanser og utviklersamlinger.</p>
8670
8671       </div>
8672       <div class="tags">
8673
8674
8675         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8676
8677
8678       </div>
8679     </div>
8680     <div class="padding"></div>
8681
8682     <div class="entry">
8683       <div class="title">
8684         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Frode_Jemtland.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Frode Jemtland</a>
8685       </div>
8686       <div class="date">
8687         27th July 2011
8688       </div>
8689       <div class="body">
8690         <p>Neste mann ut i min serie med intervjuer av Skolelinux-relaterte
8691 personer er en tidligere styreleder i
8692 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a> som var med
8693 fra starten av
8694 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-prosjektet.</p>
8695
8696 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8697
8698 <p>Mitt navn er Frode Jemtland, og jeg jobber i Hedmark IKT, som er et
8699 driftsselskap for Grue, Hamar, Kongsvinger, Løten, Nord-Odal og Stange
8700 kommuner. Her er jeg leder for avdelingen Løsninger og Arkitektur. Vi
8701 har i hovedansvar for servere, infrastruktur og løsninger som
8702 helhet.</p>
8703
8704 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8705
8706 <p>Jobbet i IBM fra 2000, og da spesielt med Linux. Dette var da et av
8707 de mest tydelige linux prosjektene i Norge, og her ønsket jeg å
8708 bidra. Var aktivt med i prosjektet i 4-5 år.</p>
8709
8710 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8711
8712 <p>Fordelene slik jeg ser det er den sentraliserte driftmodellen, og
8713 alle de vel gjennomtenkte løsningene som er inkludert i denne
8714 løsningen. Samtidig er det basert på en stabil, og godt kjent
8715 plattform. Dette vil si at man har en løsning som skal være mye
8716 tilgjengelig, og hvor det er relativt enkelt å få tak i personer som
8717 kan mye om den grunnleggende plattformen.</p>
8718
8719 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8720
8721 <p>De største utfordringene med en løsningen er at den er intensiv på f.eks
8722 nettverk. I seg selv ikke et problem for en enkelt skole, men skal løsningen
8723 kjøres i større skala, med sentraliserte servere, så gir dette noen
8724 utfordringer.</p>
8725
8726 <p>Utifra hva jeg har sett på større installasjoner så er det ikke så
8727 enkelt å skjønne, hva som bør gjøres for at den skal skaleres opp, og
8728 da ta godt vare på alle sider av dette, ikke bare mer server å fordele
8729 last/trykk, men hvordan også beholde robustheten og fleksibiliteten i
8730 løsningen.</p>
8731
8732 <p>En annen utfordring er at stadig flere produkter som skal brukes i
8733 skoleløsningen ikke er laget til å kunne brukes i en
8734 skolelinuxløsning. Det blir derfor fort mye skreddersøm i de
8735 forskjellige installasjonene, for å få diverse pedagogiske programmer,
8736 webløsninger, smartboards, m.m. til å fungere.  Man er også en for
8737 liten kundebase til at leverandørene ønsker å gjøre noe med
8738 utfordringen. Problemet overlates til oss.</p>
8739
8740 <p>Det er også en kontinuerlig utfordring rundt problemet med å holde
8741 programvare på stabile versjoner, kontra å få ny funksjonalitet. Dette
8742 er jo en konflikt mellom oss som ønsker å drifte en stabil, og
8743 kostnadseffektiv løsning, mot sluttbrukerne som ønsker seg funksjoner
8744 det er vant med fra andre løsninger, eller som de må ha for at et
8745 eller annet nytt produkt skal fungere i løsningen. Dette er en
8746 utfordring også for andre plattformer.</p>
8747
8748 <p>En siste utfordring som ikke har noe med løsningen å gjøre, men med
8749 det omkringliggende miljøet denne skal kjøre i, er at de enhetene som
8750 skal drifte dataløsninger for kommuner og fylkeskommuner begynner å
8751 profesjonaliseres, og er da avhengig av å ha standard løsninger for å
8752 drifte store brukermasser. MS er selvsagt klar over dette, og har jo
8753 nå flere områder de begynner å bli veldig dominerende på. Den største,
8754 og mest problematiske er katalogtjenesten.  Man får snart ikke tak i
8755 større løsninger som ikke krever en AD. Når man da har store enheter
8756 som drifter både kommunalt ansatte og skoler, så vil det være et
8757 stordriftargument å standardisere på en katalog tjeneste, og da har
8758 man ikke noe valg. Her er alle slike driftsenheter for små til å få
8759 gjort om på dette. Her burde konkurransemyndighetene kommet på
8760 banen. Men konkurransetilsynet i USA griper sjeldent (og ikke før det
8761 har gått veldig lang tid) inn i monopolsituasjoner så lenge
8762 monopolisten er et amerikansk firma, så da har vel ikke andre
8763 myndigheter så mye de skulle ha sagt....</p>
8764
8765 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8766
8767 <p>Privat kjører jeg Debian på alle mine datamaskiner. Det gjør jeg
8768 også på min jobbmaskin. Vi har også 15-20 linux servere av typene
8769 SuSE, Debian, Redhat, CentOS m.m. Jeg bruker derfor mye fri
8770 programvare. Av enkelt programmer kan sikkert masse nevnes. Hvis vi
8771 skal begrense oss til daglig, så må jeg si: OpenOffice, Firefox,
8772 Kontact, Kopete, Amarok,
8773 <a href="http://gramps-project.org/">Gramps</a>, Kate, ssh, bash,
8774 rsync, backuppc m.m.</p>
8775
8776 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8777 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8778
8779 <p>Det er et godt spørsmål, som jeg har lurt på selv.</p>
8780
8781 <p>Argumentene som ofte har vært brukt om at ting koster mindre holder
8782 ikke mål når man ser på hva som faktisk koster penger. Det er de
8783 ansatte som er en kostnadsdriver. Det vil si at hvis man har et system
8784 som den ansatte kan, så vil en kostnad på dette systemet kunne
8785 forsvares ganske mye ved at den ansatte gjør dette raskere og
8786 effektivt. Også uten å måtte eventuelt leie inn folk.</p>
8787
8788 <p>Jeg syns det er viktigere å fokusere på prinsippet med å velge fri
8789 programvare, men det er også et felt hvor man fort møter lite
8790 forståelse blant de ansatte i skolen.</p>
8791
8792 <p>Her må nok strategien fortsette å være at de sentrale myndighetene
8793 må sende tydelige signaler for hva de ønsker at offentlige enheter
8794 skal gjøre. Det var mye positivt på gang ang. dette for et par år
8795 siden. Både med eNorge og eKommune planene, men dette syns jeg har
8796 stoppet opp. En del av dette kan jo kanskje være usikkerheten som
8797 etter hvert har blitt, når man har sett kompleksiteten i de
8798 prosjektene som har blitt igangsatt. Det har også blitt noe usikkerhet
8799 i markedet ref. Sun, Oracle, Novell, Microsoft m.m.  Samtidig har jo
8800 også de proprietære programleverandørene sørget for å endre sine
8801 lisenser slik at man uansett ikke slipper unna kostnaden til deres
8802 produkter, selv om man skulle velge alternativer. Da er det økonomiske
8803 argumentet, som jeg nevnte tidligere, spilt ganske godt ut over
8804 sidelinjen.</p>
8805
8806       </div>
8807       <div class="tags">
8808
8809
8810         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8811
8812
8813       </div>
8814     </div>
8815     <div class="padding"></div>
8816
8817     <div class="entry">
8818       <div class="title">
8819         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Marius_Kotsbak.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Marius Kotsbak</a>
8820       </div>
8821       <div class="date">
8822         10th April 2011
8823       </div>
8824       <div class="body">
8825         <p>Neste mann ut er Marius Kotsbak, styremedlem i
8826 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a> og mangeårig
8827 bidragsyter i
8828 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-prosjektet.</p>
8829
8830 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8831
8832 <p>Jeg er en systemutvikler/kybernetiker og jobber med dette til
8833 daglig. På fritiden tester jeg ut/bruker mye fri programvare, og
8834 bidrar med testing og utvikling når jeg ser stort nok behov for det og
8835 jeg har noe å bidra med.</p>
8836
8837 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8838
8839 <p>Hmm, det er lenge siden, så det er nesten så jeg ikke husker. Jeg
8840 hadde vel hørt om prosjektet i media før en gjeng i Trondheim startet
8841 opp SPIST, Skolelinux-prosjektet i Sør-Trøndelag, hvor vi hjalp noen
8842 skoler i nærområdet med å installere Skolelinux og finne brukt
8843 IT-utstyr til disse. Det var moro å gjøre noe praktisk for å spre
8844 Skolelinux, og å se hvor fort gjort det var å sette opp utrangerte
8845 klientmaskiner og få disse opp som tynnklienter på helt nye datasaler
8846 på skolene, kun med kostnaden til servere.</p>
8847
8848 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8849
8850 <p>Det er et system spesielt skreddersydd for drift av et stort antall
8851 klienter mot servere, og da spesielt i henhold til skolers behov.  Det
8852 er enkelt og billig å installere og drifte, og det trenger ikke ny
8853 maskinvare for god ytelse.</p>
8854
8855 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8856
8857 <p>Hardwarestøtten kunne vært bedre og i enda større grad
8858 installerbart rett ut av boksen.  Distribusjonen har til tider hatt
8859 litt gammel programvare pga. at den følger Debian sine utgivelser.
8860 Kanskje man skulle vurdert en versjon basert på Ubuntu eller andre
8861 distribusjoner i tillegg?</p>
8862
8863 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8864
8865 <p>Oi, det er ikke lite. Her er det jeg kommer på i farta.  Jeg bruker
8866 Linux og Ubuntu, og på Ubuntu programene Firefox, Thunderbird,
8867 Chromium, Pidgin, Digikam, OpenOffice, Wireshark, git og irssi.
8868 Telefonen min er en Android, og der bruker jeg programmene K-9 Mail,
8869 OI Shopping list, Shuffle, ZXing, OI Notepad og ADW Desktop.  På jobb
8870 bruker jeg JBoss, Eclipse, uCLinux for Blackfin, RCF-CPP, Qt, Maven,
8871 og boost-bibliotekene for C++.</p>
8872
8873 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8874 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8875
8876 <p>En bør fokusere på totalkostnader inkludert driftsbehov,
8877 fleksibilitet, åpenhet og ikke låsing til en leverandør framfor sparte
8878 lisenskostnader, samt programvarens kvalitet og fortrinn, og at den
8879 fritt kan brukes på et ubegrenset antall PC-er, også hjemme hos
8880 elevene.  En bør også forbedre den fri programvaren ved testing,
8881 bugrapportering og kodebidrag om man kan, og ikke anbefale programvare
8882 uten at man har forsikret seg at den har tilstrekkelig kvalitet,
8883 ellers kan man lett oppnå det motsatte.  Tror en bør selge inn
8884 konseptet til fylkes-/statsnivå, kanskje med bidrag til
8885 utviklingsarbeid fra disse som alle landets skoler kan få glede
8886 av.</p>
8887
8888       </div>
8889       <div class="tags">
8890
8891
8892         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8893
8894
8895       </div>
8896     </div>
8897     <div class="padding"></div>
8898
8899     <div class="entry">
8900       <div class="title">
8901         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Odin_Hetland_N_sen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Odin Hetland Nøsen</a>
8902       </div>
8903       <div class="date">
8904         28th March 2011
8905       </div>
8906       <div class="body">
8907         <p>Mine bloggposter om Linux i skolene i Norge førte til at inspektør
8908 og ildsjel på Harestad skole tok kontakt og fortalte at de bruker
8909 Linux på sin skole, og lurte på om de kunne bidra til å gjøre
8910 fordelene kjent.  Riktig nok bruker de ikke
8911 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> på denne skolen,
8912 men jeg synes dette er en god anledning til å gjøre flere fasetter
8913 rundt Linux-økosystemet kjent, og tok et lite intervju.</p>
8914
8915 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8916
8917 <p>Mitt navn er Odin Hetland Nøsen og er en 70-modell. Jeg er bosatt i
8918 Stavanger og jobber nå på 9. året som undervisninginspektør på
8919 Harestad skole i Randaberg kommune (nabokommune til Stavanger).</p>
8920
8921 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8922
8923 <p>I 2002 begynte daværende IKT-ansvarlige og jeg et arbeid på skolen
8924 med å gå over fra Win98 til... noe annet. Vi testet en rekke
8925 forskjellige løsninger, deriblant Skolelinux, men endte opp med
8926 RedHat. Skolelinux var den gang ikke modent for det vi ville ha.  Jeg
8927 har siden fulgt jevnlig med på hva skolelinux holder på med, men har
8928 hele tiden vært bedre fornøyd med vår egen "standardiserte" løsning på
8929 RedHat/CentOS og Fedora. Vi snuser for tiden på Ubuntu som løsning på
8930 klientsiden.</p>
8931
8932 <p>I dag har vi på skolen vår en større linux-løsning med 400 klienter
8933 som kjører en blanding av LTSP (tynnklient) og DRBL (tykk klient uten
8934 harddisk) med en masse tjenere på serverrommet. Vi drifter hele
8935 sulamitten selv med webtjener, eposttjener, webmail, filtjenere,
8936 virtuelle tjenere osv.  Og IT-ansvarlig har en 80% stilling som
8937 IT-ansvarlig - og så er han KoH-lærer i de resterende 20% :-)</p>
8938
8939 <p>Du kan få en ide om hva vi holder på med om du går inn på
8940 <a href="http://www.gnuskole.no/">http://www.gnuskole.no/</a>.</p>
8941
8942 <p>For å ta brodden av frykten for at ildsjeler gjør skolen sårbar om
8943 ildsjelene falle fra, har jeg forsikret kommunen og skolesjefen i
8944 Randaberg om at det finnes godt kommersielle tjenester vi kan benytte
8945 oss av - om det skulle bli nødvendig. Vi er tre stykker i kommunen som
8946 nå har <strong>god</strong> linux-kompetanse ift. å drifte et større
8947 system.  IT-avdelingen i kommunen vil ikke ta på oss med ildtang -
8948 selv om vi nok har større IT-kompetanse mot linux enn det de selv har
8949 mot windows (de kjøper en <strong>masse</strong> konsulenttjenester
8950 fra ErgoGroup).</p>
8951
8952 <p>I kvantitet er Harestad og Grødem skole tilsammen et større
8953 IT-system enn resten av Randaberg kommune + Kvitsøy og Rennesøy, som
8954 kommunen også har driftsansvar for.  Vi har som sagt rundt 800
8955 maskiner, mens kommunen med sitt driftsansvar har ansvar for rundt 500
8956 maskiner. Det er selvfølgelig litt forskjell i hvor kritiske
8957 tjenestene våre er, men det gir allikevel et litt rart bilde når
8958 IT-avdelingen overhode ikke er interessert i å snakke med oss om
8959 hvordan vi gjør ting :-)</p>
8960
8961 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8962
8963 <p>Fra linux-perspektivet (ikke bare Skolelinux) er det en fordel av
8964 systemet er basert på fri programvare - og dermed fritt i ordets mange
8965 betydninger. Det er alt vi trenger: stabilt, relativt enkelt å drifte
8966 (tross alt - et større windowssystem er ikke enkelt å holde live det
8967 heller), rimelig i innkjøp og drift, og sist, men ikke minst, det er
8968 moderne for sluttbruker! Linux, i sine mange varianter,
8969 <strong>ser</strong> nytt ut, fordi det hele tiden blir
8970 oppdatert. Derfor lever systemet opp til hvordan elever forventer at
8971 et moderne GUI skal være (i motsetning til WinXP :-).</p>
8972
8973 <p>Vi var veldig pragmatiske da vi begynte med linux i skolen. Det var
8974 billig, det fungerte og kunne bruke alle de gamle windows-maskinene
8975 som "nye" tynne klienter.  I dag er vi mer bevisste fri
8976 programvare-tilhengere.  Vi har oppdaget hva det er - og vi liker
8977 det!</p>
8978
8979 <p>En av de <strong>store</strong> fordelene med fri programvare er at
8980 vi kan installere tjenester vi ønsker å tilby brukerne våre - uten å
8981 måtte tenke på om vi har råd til lisensene (fordi det er ingen). Alt
8982 vi setter i produksjon er ut i fra brukernes behov og vår kapasitet
8983 til å drifte dem. Vi skreddersyr tjenestene etter behovet og dermed
8984 trenger vi ikke ende opp med å kjøpe en pakke der vi egentlig bare var
8985 interessert i en liten del av den.</p>
8986
8987 <p>Bruk av linux frigjør ikke økonomiske midler, fordi midlene til IKT
8988 i skole er for få i utgangspunktet - men vi får så
8989 <strong>mye</strong> mer igjen for dem når vi bruker en linux-løsning
8990 fremfor en windows-løsning. I praksis ser vi at vi måtte ut med det
8991 dobbelte på budsjettet vårt om vi skulle hatt en tilsvarende
8992 windows-løsning, som det vi i dag drifter med linux.</p>
8993
8994 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8995
8996 <p>Ikke all pedagogisk programvare er tilgjengelig. Det er en del
8997 programvare i skolen som er laget med utviklerverktøy som bare virker
8998 i windows, f.eks. Drillpro, LingDys/LingWrite. Det er også
8999 "programmer" som bare virker om du har tilgang til Microsoft Office,
9000 f.eks. AskiRaski.</p>
9001
9002 <p>Vi sliter også litt med at video-codecer ikke alltid er like lett å
9003 få opp å gå på klientene. Det er alltid en eller annen videosnutt fra
9004 nrk.no som ikke er så samarbeidsvillig, uansett mediaplayer.</p>
9005
9006 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9007
9008 <p>Alt :-) På skolen bruker vi det som finnes og som er nyttig. Det vi
9009 bruker mest er Firefox (jobber med Chrome, fordi det er
9010 <strong>mye</strong> raskere med Flash enn Firefox), OpenOffice (skal
9011 over til LibreOffice), GIMP osv. Standardpakken av
9012 sluttbrukerprogrammer.</p>
9013
9014 <p>På tjenernivå bruker vi OpenWebMail (skal over til Zimbra), Exim
9015 osv.</p>
9016
9017 <p>Personlig bruker jeg de fleste programmer over flere plattformer,
9018 men jeg har lagt meg til en vane å prioritere bruken av fri
9019 programvare også i Windows 7 og OSX.</p>
9020
9021 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9022 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9023
9024 <p>Jeg er langt i fra sikker. For det første handler det mye om at
9025 IKT-avdelingen i kommunen ofte er de som styrer hva som er IKT på
9026 skolene - og de liker å bruke avtalene med Microsoft, som de garantert
9027 har fra før.  Dessuten - Select 6-avtalen til skolene gjør Microsoft
9028 skvettbillig.</p>
9029
9030 <p>Vi la vekt på effektiv drift av systemet - og at vi kunne øke
9031 antall maskiner uten å måtte øke budsjett for utstyr eller personell
9032 særlig mye, enn om vi hadde gått for en Microsoft-løsning. I praksis
9033 ser vi at en ren linux-installasjon driftes til halve prisen av en
9034 Microsoft-løsning.</p>
9035
9036 <p>Vi har i praksis også sett at det lærerne (og elevene) liker er at
9037 vi tilbyr <strong>veldig</strong> mange tjenester som ikke er så
9038 vanlige i en Microsoft-løsning. Det er ikke så vanlig at
9039 <strong>elevene</strong> også har epost, hjemmekontor osv. Det har vi
9040 også brukt som et vellykket argument mot Microsoft.</p>
9041
9042 <p>Den beste måten er selvfølgelig at noen bare bestemmer
9043 det. Problemet er å få dem som har makt til å bestemme det til faktisk
9044 å gjøre det ;-)</p>
9045
9046       </div>
9047       <div class="tags">
9048
9049
9050         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9051
9052
9053       </div>
9054     </div>
9055     <div class="padding"></div>
9056
9057     <div class="entry">
9058       <div class="title">
9059         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Astri_Sletteng.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Astri Sletteng</a>
9060       </div>
9061       <div class="date">
9062         27th February 2011
9063       </div>
9064       <div class="body">
9065         <p>En dame som har bidratt lenge til fri programvare i skoleverket og
9066 i foreningen som organiserer skolelinux-utviklersamlinger,
9067 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, er neste
9068 intervjuoffer.  Det er en glede å her presentere en lærer fra Håkvik.</p>
9069
9070 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9071
9072 <p>Jeg heter Astri Sletteng. Jeg er lærer og IKT veileder ved Håkvik
9073 skole i Narvik kommune.  Min bakgrunn når det gjelder IKT: Av formell
9074 utdannelse har jeg lærerutdanning, Master i skoleledelse og IKT for
9075 lærere. Har jobba som IKT veileder siden 2002.</p>
9076
9077 <p>Det viktigste for meg som IKT veileder er å få fundamentert den
9078 5. basisferdigheten, digital kompetanse ved skolen min på en god måte
9079 slik at hele skolesamfunnet tar i bruk IKT i alle fag. Dette arbeidet
9080 gjøres i nært samarbeid med skolens ledelse.</p>
9081
9082 <p>Min viktigste jobb som IKT veileder er å være motivator og pådriver
9083 i IKT arbeidet ved skolen.</p>
9084
9085 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9086
9087 <p>Jobber i en kommune hvor vi satser på Fri programvare. I 2004 ble
9088 det gjort et politisk vedtak om at vi skulle innføre Skolelinux ved
9089 alle skolene i kommunen. Jeg har dermed en god del erfaring med
9090 Skolelinux, samt annen fri programvare som Open Office, Joomla, Moodle
9091 etc.</p>
9092
9093 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9094
9095 <p>Siden vi jobber med åpen kildekode kan vi få programmene og
9096 produktene tilpasset vår bruk. Det er jo heller ikke en ulempe at
9097 skolen kommer bedre ut økonomisk, men først og fremst er det viktig
9098 for oss at vi har digitale systemer som gjør at vi kan følge
9099 læreplanen i alle fag. Det syns jeg at vi kan gjøre gjennom
9100 Skolelinux.</p>
9101
9102 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9103
9104 <p>Skolen er avhengige av å ha folk på IT avdelinga i kommunen som kan
9105 drive support, og være tilgjengelige når vi trenger hjelp. Det er en
9106 ulempe at ikke alle på denne avdelingen nødvendigvis er god på
9107 Linux.</p>
9108
9109 <p>Vi har også noen utfordringer når det kommer til spesielle
9110 programmer som enkelte elever er avhengige av ? og som ikke er
9111 plattform uavhengige. Her har vi i Friprog-verden, men også
9112 departement en jobb å gjøre.</p>
9113
9114 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9115
9116 <p>Skolen vår bruker Skolelinux, Open Office, Iceweazel (Mozilla),
9117 VLC, Tux paint, Scribus, FreeMind, GIMP, digiKam, Ksnapshot, GeoGebra,
9118 Moodle (innført på alle klassetrinn + som et administrativt verktøy)
9119 og Joomla som hjemmeside.<p>
9120
9121 <p>Det er de jeg kommer på i farten. I tillegg har vi Smartboard
9122 installert på server, men det regnes vel ikke som fri programvare?</p>
9123
9124 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9125 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9126
9127 <p>Først og fremst trenger skolen oppetider på sine datasystemer. Syns
9128 også at det at vi kan få tilpasset plattform og systemer til vår bruk
9129 er en god strategi å bruke.</p>
9130
9131       </div>
9132       <div class="tags">
9133
9134
9135         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9136
9137
9138       </div>
9139     </div>
9140     <div class="padding"></div>
9141
9142     <div class="entry">
9143       <div class="title">
9144         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Rub_n_Romero_y_Cordero.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Rubén Romero y Cordero</a>
9145       </div>
9146       <div class="date">
9147         16th February 2011
9148       </div>
9149       <div class="body">
9150         <p>Styret i foreningen som organiserer skolelinux-utviklersamlinger,
9151 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, er fullt av
9152 flinke folk.  Denne gangen har jeg fått et ferskt styremedlem som
9153 kommer fra Ubuntu-miljøet i tale.</p>
9154
9155 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9156
9157 <p>Rubén Romero y Cordero, 81-modell, deltidspappa (50%) for en jente
9158 på 6 år. Jobber i Oslo som Global Sales Executive hos Varnish Software
9159 og til daglig har jeg kontakt med kunder fra hele verden. Min
9160 forkjærlighet for fri programvare har gjort at jeg har nå flere års
9161 erfaring med salg av slike løsninger (bl.a. fra Redpill Linpro og
9162 Freecode) og mye innsikt og kunnskap om det globale IT-markedet.
9163 Ellers er jeg involvert i flere prosjekter bl.a. er jeg Ubuntu
9164 Community medlem, kontaktpersonen for Ubuntu Norge og driveren av
9165 SpreadUbuntu marketing prosjektet og nå fersk styremedlem i FRISK. Jeg
9166 har brukt GNU/Linux siden 1997.</p>
9167
9168 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9169
9170 <p>Som Debian bruker siden slutten av 90-tallet var det uunngåelig å
9171 ikke komme bort i Skolelinux. Dette var vel i slutten av 2001 når jeg
9172 var student ved UiO. Flere år senere fikk jeg lastet og testet Venus
9173 (Skolelinux 1.0) på release dagen.</p>
9174
9175 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9176
9177 <p>Fri programvare bygges sten for sten i det åpne, slik at koden og
9178 prosessen den lages på kan gjennomskues av andre enn de som har laget
9179 det. Det er et vitenskapelig og gjennomsiktig måte å lage programvare
9180 på.</p>
9181
9182 <p>Skoler i vårt samfunn skal være steder hvor vitenskapelig kunnskap
9183 deles til alle.  I dag har vi ikke et vitenskapelig tilnærming til
9184 hvordan programvaren som brukes på skolen lages. Skolelinux bringer
9185 inn at slik tilnærming i skoleverkets klasserom, siden
9186 operativsystemet er en åpent platform som gir skolene muligheten til å
9187 dra nytte av programvare som er laget av tusenvis av mennesker verden
9188 rundt og som gir elevene så vel som lærerne muligheten til å bruke,
9189 dele, forandre og forbedre OSet sitt uten begrensninger. I den
9190 forbindelsen representerer Skolelinux også konkrete resultater utfra
9191 samhandling på tvers av grenser.</p>
9192
9193 <p>Når det gjelder de tekniske fordelene av Skolelinux er jeg sikker
9194 på at andre enn meg har allerede beskrevet disse bedre enn det jeg
9195 kan.  Men jeg kan likevel tilføye noe: Skolelinux som sådan er en
9196 community-drevet operativsystemplatform. Som i ethvert
9197 community-prosjekt har alle Skolelinux brukere muligheten til å
9198 påvirke retning av prosjektet og resultatet som gjenspeiles i
9199 programvaren. Dette kommer sjeldent frem og jeg mener at det er noe
9200 som burde fokuseres mer på.</p>
9201
9202 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9203
9204 <p>De største ulempene er:</p>
9205
9206 <ul>
9207 <li>Mangel på kompetanse</li>
9208 <li>Mangel av administrative verktøy som kunne hjelpe lokale IT
9209   avdelinger å bruke Skolelinux til mer enn bare en tjener for
9210   terminalklienter. Et eksempel: Zentyal sin web-dashboard.</li>
9211 </ul>
9212
9213 <p>Bedre og mer intuitive administrative verktøy kunne løst deler av
9214 problemet, men det er unektelig at ved bruk av Skolelinux må
9215 IT-personalet vite hva de gjør for å få ting gjort riktig, eller i det
9216 hele tatt. Med andre platformer er kompetansen enklere tilgjengelig og
9217 løsningene kan fungere på en tilfredstillende, om ikke riktig
9218 måte.</p>
9219
9220 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9221
9222 <p>Har brukt GNU/Linux utelukkende sommitt skrivebord OS siden 2000. I
9223 dag bruker jeg Ubuntu og gjør det meste med friprogramvare verktøyene
9224 som er tilgjengelige der. Med over 20.000 programmer å velge mellom er
9225 dette mer enn nok for de fleste brukerne.</p>
9226
9227 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9228 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9229
9230 <p>Opplysning og pragmatikk.  Vi prøver å løse problemer med bruk av
9231 programvare. De fleste utfordringene skolene har på IKT-siden kan
9232 løses ved hjelp av friprogramvareverktøy i dag. Det som trenges er
9233 opplysning, kunnskap og kompetanse.</p>
9234
9235       </div>
9236       <div class="tags">
9237
9238
9239         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9240
9241
9242       </div>
9243     </div>
9244     <div class="padding"></div>
9245
9246     <div class="entry">
9247       <div class="title">
9248         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Morten_Amundsen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Morten Amundsen</a>
9249       </div>
9250       <div class="date">
9251         23rd January 2011
9252       </div>
9253       <div class="body">
9254         <p>Denne gangen er det Tromsøkontoret til Friprog-senteret, og nyvalgt
9255 styremedlem i <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen
9256 FRISK</a> jeg har fått i tale i min intervjuserie med
9257 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-folk.</p>
9258
9259 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9260
9261 <p>Jeg heter Morten Amundsen og jobber i
9262 <a href="http://www.friprog.no/">Friprog.no</a>, men er for tiden leid
9263 ut til <a href="http://www.bredbandsfylket.no/">Bredbåndsfylket
9264 Troms</a> der jeg jobber med ett prosjekt som heter
9265 "<a href="http://www.bredbandsfylket.no/skolefjoela.157417.no.html">Skolefjøla</a>"
9266 Vi ser på en åpen løsning som integrerer eksisterende lukkete
9267 løsninger sammen med fri programvare. Målet er å gi elever og lærere
9268 en plattform som de kan tilpasse utfra behov.</p>
9269
9270 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9271
9272 <p>Skolelinux har jeg møtt ved flere anledninger opp gjennom åra, både gjennom
9273 entusiastiske skolelinuxbrukere og skeptiske "forståsegpåere" :-)</p>
9274
9275 <p>Jeg husker en leverandør av et stort OS for noen år siden mente at
9276 Skolelinux var kun for hackere og nerder og at ingen seriøse skoler
9277 kunne ta dette i bruk.  Heldigvis er kunnskapen større nå og
9278 skikkelige "IT-folk" søker alltid å utvide sin kunnskap.
9279
9280 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9281
9282 <p>Ja det er mange fordeler. Uavhengighet, stabilitet, åpenhet, standarder
9283 osv. Tror det er viktig at man ikke begrenser mulighetene på den plattformen
9284 elevene skal jobbe.</p>
9285
9286 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9287
9288 <p>Det største hinderet er det vi opplever på andre områder rundt
9289 fri programvare, nemlig kunnskap. For mange er det trygt å velge det vi
9290 alltid har valgt. Fordi leverandørene rundt oss sitter på den kunnskapen og
9291 de vi støtter oss på har den samme.  Hvis vi klarer å riste løs litt og
9292 glemme gamle kriger mellom operativsystemer og  leverandører, men sette ned
9293 hva som er viktig og velge ut fra det, så hadde man kanskje kommet ut med
9294 litt andre resultat. Jeg tror IT-folk er konservative og velger tradisjonelt
9295 og det er synd.</p>
9296
9297 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9298
9299 <p>Jeg bruker Ubuntu, Android, Jolicloud, Open Office, Zimbra, Picasa
9300 og Firefox samt en bråte med tjenester som er webbasert. Det eneste
9301 som er betalingslisens for er OSX.  Ser at jeg jobber mer og mer i
9302 skyen og setter pris på alt jeg slipper egen klient til.  Derfor er
9303 jeg veldig sjarmert av små kjappe operativsystemer som krever minimalt
9304 av maskinvaren.</p>
9305
9306 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9307 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9308
9309 <p>Tror en blanding av krav og informasjon er veien å gå. Krav om
9310 sikkerhet, oppetid og åpne standarder.  Informasjon om muligheter og
9311 alternativer. Her har leverandører, IT-avdelinger og pedagoger en vei
9312 å gå sammen. Det er til slutt LÆRING det dreier seg om, og da må man
9313 få mest mulig læring for pengene man har.</p>
9314
9315       </div>
9316       <div class="tags">
9317
9318
9319         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9320
9321
9322       </div>
9323     </div>
9324     <div class="padding"></div>
9325
9326     <div class="entry">
9327       <div class="title">
9328         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Sturle_Sunde.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Sturle Sunde</a>
9329       </div>
9330       <div class="date">
9331         19th January 2011
9332       </div>
9333       <div class="body">
9334         <p>Denne gang har jeg fått tak i en mangeårig unix-mann som etter
9335 mange år ved Universitetet i Oslo, der jeg først traff ham, har
9336 flyttet tilbake til vestlandet, og der bidratt til å revitalisere
9337 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-oppsettet i
9338 Florø.</p>
9339
9340 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9341
9342 <p>Sturle Sunde, ansvarleg for skulenettet i Flora kommune.  Eg driv,
9343 vidareutviklar og er andrelinje brukarstøtte for datanettet ved
9344 skulane i Flora kommune.  10 skular og meir enn 700 maskiner med
9345 Linux, medrekna tynnklientar.  Tidlegare jobba eg i mange år med
9346 unix-drift ved Universitetets senter for informasjonsteknologi ved
9347 Universitetet i Oslo.</p>
9348
9349 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9350
9351 <p>Det er vanskeleg å svare konkret på.  Eg har drive med Unix og Linux i
9352 alle år, og Skulelinux er eit godt kjent prosjekt i miljøet.  Det var
9353 først i 2008, då eg tok til i min noverande jobb, at eg fekk bruk for
9354 Skulelinux for alvor.</p>
9355
9356 <p>Jobben min skulle vere drift av eit nytt skulenett i Flora kommune,
9357 levert av eit firma eg ikkje vil reklamere for.  Systemet skulle vere
9358 ferdig levert i september året før.  Dette viste seg å ta mykje lenger
9359 tid, og i haustferien 2008 hadde dei endå ikkje klart å få opp ei
9360 fungerande løysing.  Situasjonen var prekær for den største skulen i
9361 kommunen med meir enn 500 elevar på ungdomssteget.  Skulen hadde brukt
9362 Skulelinux før, og var tilfredse med det.  No hadde dei vore utan
9363 fungerande datasystem i nesten eit år.  Difor fekk eg opp ein ny tenar
9364 utanfor prosjektet og installerte Skulelinux på den.  Etter litt
9365 justering av konfigurasjonen med god hjelp av #skolelinux på IRC, var
9366 den nye tenaren oppe og gjekk med både tynne og halv-tjukke klientar.
9367 Autentisering gjekk mot det nye systemet, slik at elevar og lærarar
9368 framleis har same brukarnamn og passord over alt.  Dette berre
9369 fungerte, og vi bestemte oss for å erstatte delar av løysinga vi
9370 skulle få levert med Skulelinux.</p>
9371
9372 <p>Det høyrer med til historia at det nye systemet eg skulle drive frå
9373 januar 2008 endå ikkje er ferdig levert.  Dei jobbar med saka, seier
9374 dei, og har von om å fullføre leveransen i løpet av 2011.</p>
9375
9376 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9377
9378 <p>Det er veldig mange.  Eg skal ta nokre få.</p>
9379
9380 <p>Den viktigaste fordelen er at det igrunn berre er ei maskin å passe
9381 på, og det er tenaren.  Med andre løysingar har ein gjerne programvare
9382 og anna som skal vedlikehaldast på kvar enkelt maskin.  Med Skulelinux
9383 kan alle feil rettast og alle program oppgraderast på alle maskiner
9384 samstundes ved å gjere endringa som må til på tenaren.  Eg kan sitje
9385 på kontoret og passe på alle tenarane i kommunen derifrå.</p>
9386
9387 <ul>
9388
9389 <li>Tynne klientar gjer det mogleg å bruke eldre utstyr lenge, so lenge
9390 tenaren er sterk nok.  Ein liten tenar med eit par halv-moderne CPUar
9391 og 2 GiB RAM held lenge for eit typisk klasserom med 30 tynnklientar,
9392 og det er lett å utvide med fleire.
9393
9394 <li>Halvtjukke klientar gjer det mogleg å utnytte kapasiteten i litt
9395 nyare maskiner betre, og avlaste tenaren.  Ingenting vert installert
9396 lokalt på desse heller, og harddisken kan gjerne koblast frå.  Gode
9397 halvtjukke klientar kan kjøpast brukt for under 1000-lappen, og det er
9398 heile kostnaden.  Ingen lisensar eller anna på toppen, og det er ikkje
9399 krav til kraftigare tenar heller.
9400
9401 <li>Det er Linux.  Vi har ikkje noko kluss med drivarar, dei berre er
9402 der.  Heller ikkje med virus, dei finst i realiteten ikkje.  Eller med
9403 elevar som klussar med installert programvare, for dei klarar ikkje å
9404 øydeleggje for nokon andre enn seg sjølve.
9405
9406 </ul>
9407
9408 <p>Skulelinux er lagt opp til å vere veldig lett å installere rett ut
9409 av boksen på ein heil skule av ein interessert lærar.  Det er ofte ei
9410 god løysing for skulen.  Å ha nokon til stades som kjenner systemet og
9411 kan forklare enkle ting eller løyse problem der og då, er uvurderleg
9412 viktig for ein stressa lærar fem minutt før det ringer inn.</p>
9413
9414 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9415
9416 <p>All den ferdige konfigurasjonen gjer det tungvint å tilpasse
9417 Skulelinux til eit system som skal fungere saman med mange andre
9418 installasjonar i eit felles datanett for skulane i ein kommune.  Det
9419 heile er prekonfigurert for ein skule, og utviding til mange skular
9420 med eigne tenarar er ikkje berre enkelt.</p>
9421
9422 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9423
9424 <p>Eg brukar mest alle små hjelpeprogram som føl med operativsystemet,
9425 samt scriptspråket perl.  Elles er Firefox/Iceweasel, Gnome-terminal
9426 og ssh i kontinuerleg bruk.  Av Linux-distribusjonar brukar eg både
9427 Debian, Ubuntu, SuSE og RedHat dagleg.  Eg prøvar å finne det verktyet
9428 som passar best til kvar del av jobben.</p>
9429
9430 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9431 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9432
9433 <p>Det er to målgrupper ein må sikte mot.  Det eine er alle skulane som
9434 manglar eller har eit lite tilfredsstillande opplegg i dag, og ikkje
9435 har råd til å kjøpe noko nytt og blankpussa opplegg.  Der er det om å
9436 gjere å gjere det enkelt for skulane å finne Skulelinux, og gjere det
9437 enkelt for dei å få hjelp til installasjon på skulen.  Gjerne med
9438 lokale kontaktpersonar.  Her er det dugnadsinnsats som må til, for
9439 desse skulane har ikkje råd til å betale for dette.</p>
9440
9441 <p>Den andre og kanskje viktigare målgruppa er dei meir eller mindre
9442 profesjonelle kundane.  Alle store offentlege innkjøp, inkludert
9443 innkjøp av nytt datasystem for skular, må ut på offentleg anbod.
9444 Offentlege anbod er mykje meir lukka enn dei gjev inntrykk av, og både
9445 regelboka og boka med triks for å sminke tilbodet er tjukk.  Det er
9446 vanskeleg å komme inn utan eit solid salsapparat i ryggen.  Kanskje
9447 Skulelinux skulle prøve aktivt å få seg eit partnarskap med eit av dei
9448 store som gjerne vil sterkare inn på den offentlege IT-marknaden?
9449 Nokon som kjenner triksa og har krefter til å ta opp kampen mot både
9450 dårlege anbod og Rudolf Blostrupmoen IT AS.  Leveranse til skulane i
9451 ein kommune er ein god måte å få ein fot inn døra som leverandør til
9452 ein lukrativ kommunemarknad som kjøper alle tenester.  Ta kontakt med
9453 nokon som er passeleg store og ikkje er Microsoft-partnar, og fortell:
9454 «Vi har eit ferdig produkt som du kan selje.  Nei vi skal ikkje ha for
9455 det.  Du kan gjerne gjere kva du vil med det, berre vi får lov til å
9456 hjelpe deg.  Målgruppa er alle kommunar, og det er noko dei vil ha.
9457 Det er eit godt produkt, brukt av mange og godt likt.»</p>
9458
9459       </div>
9460       <div class="tags">
9461
9462
9463         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9464
9465
9466       </div>
9467     </div>
9468     <div class="padding"></div>
9469
9470     <div class="entry">
9471       <div class="title">
9472         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Embrik_Kaslegard.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Embrik Kaslegard</a>
9473       </div>
9474       <div class="date">
9475         16th January 2011
9476       </div>
9477       <div class="body">
9478         <p>Neste ut i min intervjuserie med folk i
9479 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a> er
9480 lærer, mangeårig bidragsyter på epostlistene og tidligere
9481 Skolelinux-administrator på en skole i Hemsedal.</p>
9482
9483 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9484
9485 <p>Embrik Kaslegard, 1964-modell, fire barn (7-20 år). Begynte som
9486 lærer i 1989 - har hatt IKT-ansvar siden første året i jobb. Har
9487 jobbet som lærer/IKT-ansvarlig uavbrutt siden 1989. Jobbet med
9488 Skolelinux fra 2004 til 2010. Nå har jeg fått ny arbeidsplass og er
9489 40% lærer og 60% IKT med Windows XP, Win2003 server og et regionalt
9490 IKT-regime som legger premissene og begrensingene for hva vi kan gjøre
9491 på skolen.</p>
9492
9493 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9494
9495 <p>Jeg leste en artikkel om en dugnadsinstallasjon av Skolelinux på en
9496 skole på Jæren et sted. Tanken om dugnad og frihet appellerte til
9497 meg. Da vi skulle bygge ny skole var det en del vi måtte spare på,
9498 fordi vi beveget oss mot en kostnadssprekk. Kabling og investering i
9499 PC-er var en av tingene vi sparte på. Derfor kjøpe vi 72 pc-er for 390
9500 pr stk. En filtjener og en applikasjonsserver.</p>
9501
9502 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9503
9504 <p>Fordelen er at så mye er satt opp fra starten. I tillegg er det
9505 tydelig at pakka er laga for skoleverket. Brukerne har egne
9506 skrivebord, tilgang på mange gode verktøyprogrammer. Vi slipper å
9507 tenke på virus. Brukerne har ikke mulighet til å ødelegge
9508 klientoppsett, men har gode muligheter til å endre eget oppsett. Dette
9509 tror jeg er inspirerende og kjekt for mange brukere.  Mappestrukturen
9510 er ferdig og det er "enkelt" å designe lokale mappestrukturer via
9511 skeleton.  Noen av oss i skoleverket mener skolen skal være en
9512 "mot-kultur". Da er Skolelinux et av valgene man kan ta. Et annet er å
9513 spise på indisk restaurant i stedet for Mc Donald's når vi er på bytur
9514 osv.. Ordene deling, frihet, dugnad osv er positive ord i
9515 skoleverket. Det er viktig at elevene blir bevisst dette.</p>
9516
9517 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9518
9519 <p>Kompabiliteten er selvsagt et problem, selv om det er mindre nå enn
9520 før.  For IKT-personer på skolene som skal drifte dette er det
9521 problematisk med kommandoer i terminalen.  I tillegg er det alt for
9522 mange programmer i Skolelinux som ikke blir brukt.  Jeg tror
9523 Skolelinux er tjent med å tone ned begrepet pedagogisk programvare.
9524 Slik jeg ser det finnes ikke denne kategorien programmer lengre slik
9525 de gjorde før, som frittsående programmer som installeres på en
9526 datamaskin eller på serveren.  Det finnes en del spesialpedagogiske
9527 programmer, som Textpilot, LingDys, LingRight, AskiRaski, Ny i Norge
9528 osv.  Men dette er programmer for enkelt-elever eller små grupper av
9529 elever.  Det som bør være fokus er at alle undervisningsressurser som
9530 lages for nettet skal være nettleseruavhengig.</p>
9531
9532 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9533
9534 <p>OpenOffice bruker jeg til vanlig kontorarbeide.  VLC bruker jeg som
9535 videoavspiller og av og til streaming av film.  Gimp bruker jeg i
9536 undervisningen til bildemanipulering. Firefox og Chrome er mine
9537 favoritt-nettlesere.  Firefox har lenge vært førstevalget mitt, nå
9538 bruker jeg mest Chrome.  Opplever den som raskere og smidigere enn
9539 Firefox.  Ubuntu bruker jeg som dualboot på jobb-maskinen min i
9540 tillegg til at alle PCer hjemme har en eller annen Ubuntu-distribusjon
9541 installert.  Jeg bruker Clonezilla på Ubuntu 10.04 til kloning av
9542 datamaskiner på jobb.  Det er selvsagt en haug andre frie programmer
9543 jeg bruker men jeg bruker dem ikke daglig.  Jeg kan ramse opp:
9544 recordmydesktop, cinelerra, acidrip, soundjuicer, audacity, NX
9545 (no-machine), Kino, Rythmbox...</p>
9546
9547 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9548 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9549
9550 <p>Jeg tror oppsøkende virksomhet er den rette strategien.
9551 Ressurspersoner gjør avtaler med rådmenn, skolesjefer, rektorer.  Det
9552 er slik konkurrentene gjør det.  Fokuset i slike samtaler bør være
9553 kost-nytte.  Dersom personer med økonomisk ansvar ser at de kan få
9554 like godt tilbud til mindre utgifter, tror jeg det er mulighet til å
9555 få innpass.  Dersom de også kan få konkrete tilbud på drift i slike
9556 samtaler, vil de kanskje bli litt mer interesserte i hvor mye penger
9557 som faktisk går til IKT i skolene.  Det er også viktig at vi ikke
9558 firer for mye på krav til datamaskiner.  Det er flott at Skolelinux
9559 går på "utrangert" utstyr, men dette bør bare presenteres som et
9560 alternativ.  Skolelinux-installasjoner med utrangert utstyr er ikke å
9561 foretrekke dersom man kan unngå det. Det skaper ikke entusiasme hos
9562 brukerne (elever og lærere) når de bruker gamle datamaskiner som går
9563 tregt.  Det er kjempefint med skoler som har kommet seg frem til
9564 Skolelinux og fri programvare av seg selv, men de lever på nåde.
9565 Slike valg må fundamenteres hos skoleeier.</p>
9566
9567 <p>Oppdatering 2011-01-16 22:40: Oppdatert svarene for de tre siste
9568 spørsmålene litt mer tekst fra Embrik.</p>
9569
9570       </div>
9571       <div class="tags">
9572
9573
9574         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9575
9576
9577       </div>
9578     </div>
9579     <div class="padding"></div>
9580
9581     <div class="entry">
9582       <div class="title">
9583         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Viggo_Fedreheim.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Viggo Fedreheim</a>
9584       </div>
9585       <div class="date">
9586         12th January 2011
9587       </div>
9588       <div class="body">
9589         <p>Jeg fortsetter min intervjuserie med folk i
9590 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a>.  Denne
9591 gang er det en av folkene som har vært med lenge og som har tatt i
9592 bruk Skolelinux på alle skolene i Narvik kommune som skal i ilden.
9593 Han er styremedlem i
9594 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen
9595 FRISK</a>.</p>
9596
9597 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9598
9599 <p>Mitt navn er Viggo Fedreheim, og jeg er pedagogisk og teknisk
9600 IKT-veileder for alle skoler i Narvik kommune.  Jeg drifter totalt 17
9601 servere basert på Skolelinux og Debian. Jeg holder i tillegg noen kurs
9602 mellom all driftingen. For tiden arbeider jeg med en sentral
9603 LDAP-tjener for alle skoleservere samt våre Moodle- og
9604 Joomla-installasjoner.</p>
9605
9606 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9607
9608 <p>Gjennom en eller annen nettavis i 2001 der var det skrevet om
9609 Skolelinux.  Artikkelen ga meg lyst til å prøve ut systemet.</p>
9610
9611 <p>Det startet i 2002 ved at jeg installerte en av de første utgavene
9612 av Skolelinux på en standard pc på Solneset skole i Tromsø.  Denne var
9613 oppe fram til desember 2003 da jeg sluttet på den skolen og begynte i
9614 ny jobb i Narvik kommune.</p>
9615
9616 <p> I Narvik kommune var det i 2004 kun 2 servere på da totalt 15
9617 skoler. Disse var Windows NT baserte. På disse to skolene var det lite
9618 med maskiner.  Jobben med å få Narvik Kommune opp på akseptabelt nivå
9619 virket å være formidabel.  Men med hjelp av gode kollegaer og leder
9620 skrev jeg en IKT plan for Narvik kommune som ble vedtatt av politikere
9621 i august 2004. I denne planen ble det bestemt at Narvik kommune skulle
9622 bruke Skolelinux.  Her ble det også satt av midler til kabling av god
9623 infrastruktur på alle skoler samt innkjøp av nye datamaskiner.  Så i
9624 dag har vi 17 servere hvorav 13 er på Skolelinux, med ca 1500 klienter
9625 basert på tynne, "halvtykke" og et stort antall bærbare pcer basert på
9626 Kubuntu.</p>
9627
9628 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9629
9630 <p>Lisenskostnader, driftkostnader og hardwarekrav som er mye lavere
9631 enn for andre systemer.</p>
9632
9633 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9634
9635 <p>Pedagogiske programvare som ikke fungerer mot Linux. En Stoooor
9636 flaskehals og som gjør at Linux kanskje ikke blir valgt andre
9637 plasser.</p>
9638
9639 <p>Eksempler er Relemo, Lindys (lingit sine programmer), 5plus
9640 (matematikk).  Disse er programmer som ikke lar seg kjøre i Linux.</p>
9641
9642 <p> Men det ser ut for at mange leverandører går over til mer
9643 nettbaserte programmer istedet for å installere lokalt.  Dette med
9644 enkelte leverandører som ikke kan levere programmer til Linux er et
9645 lite problem og over tid tror jeg at denne barrieren er borte.</p>
9646
9647 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9648
9649 <p>Kjører Kubuntu på laptoper, Debian squeeze på stasjonær
9650 kontorpc. Ut over dette arbeder jeg svært mye via konsoll mot andre
9651 servere.</p>
9652
9653       </div>
9654       <div class="tags">
9655
9656
9657         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9658
9659
9660       </div>
9661     </div>
9662     <div class="padding"></div>
9663
9664     <div class="entry">
9665       <div class="title">
9666         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Arnt_Ove_Gregersen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Arnt Ove Gregersen</a>
9667       </div>
9668       <div class="date">
9669          9th January 2011
9670       </div>
9671       <div class="body">
9672         <p>Inspirert av
9673 <a href="http://raphaelhertzog.com/tag/interview/">intervjurunden</a>
9674 som Raphael Hertzog har startet med folk i Debianprosjektet, fikk jeg
9675 lyst til å gjøre det samme med folk i
9676 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a>.  Håpet
9677 er at de som til daglig bidrar til å fremme fri programvare i
9678 skoleverket og utvikler en linux-distribusjon spesiallaget for
9679 skolebruk kan bli bedre kjent og kanskje inspirere flere til å bidra
9680 til Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
9681
9682 <p>Først ut er nyvalgt leder i
9683 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen FRISK</a> som
9684 organiserer utviklingen av Skolelinux-distribusjonen.  FRISK trenger
9685 alltid flere medlemmer, så
9686 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/index.php?page=signup">meld
9687 deg gjerne inn</a> hvis du vil støtte oss.</p>
9688
9689 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9690
9691 <p><!-- Mitt navn er Arnt Ove Gregersen, jeg er en småbarnfar på 32 år som
9692 for tiden bor Trondheim. -->
9693 Mitt navn er Arnt Ove Gregersen, jeg er 32 år og bor for tiden i Trondheim.
9694
9695 Her jobber jeg som systemutvikler i et firma
9696 som heter <a href="http://www.geomatikk-ikt.no/">Geomatikk IKT AS</a>,
9697 hvor jeg er på et Vegmeldings-prosjekt for Statens Vegvesen. På
9698 fritiden er jeg styreleder i FRISK (Fri programvare i skolen) og
9699 bidrar til bl.a. Skolelinux-prosjektet når jeg får tid til det. Det er
9700 primært hjemmesiden til Skolelinux-prosjektet og
9701 <a href="http://linuxveiviseren.no/">Linux-veiviseren</a> jeg har
9702 jobbet med her, men jeg har også gjort en del arbeid i forhold til
9703 FRISK sin hjemmeside.</p>
9704
9705 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9706
9707 <p>Jeg var på en presentasjon av prosjektet i regi av Knut Yrvin på
9708 Gløshaugen i Trondheim, hvor jeg fattet stor interesse for prosjektet
9709 og ville hjelpe til så godt jeg kunne.  Dette var vel i 2002 eller
9710 2003.</p>
9711
9712 <p>Jeg hadde fra før hørt om prosjektet fra før og syntes tanken bak var
9713 ganske fin, men hadde ikke noen interesse av bruke min egen fritid på
9714 det selv.</p>
9715
9716 <p>I etterkant av presentasjonen startet jeg og noen andre fra
9717 Trondheim "Skolelinux-prosjektet i Sør-Trøndelag" . Hvor vi var med å
9718 bidra til at Trondheim kommune satte igang Selsbakk ungdomskole som et
9719 pilotprosjekt med Skolelinux, som egentlig var og er en stor suksess,
9720 men det virker ut som det ikke skjer noe mer på. I tillegg var vi med
9721 på dugnad på Brundalen videregående skole hvor vi installerte
9722 Skolelinux som såvidt jeg vet fortsatt kjører på Skolelinux.</p>
9723
9724 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9725
9726 <p>Det bygger på fri programvare og har lav kostnad i forhold til
9727 nytteverdien. Dette fordi det har forholdsvis lav inngangsum og bruker
9728 en arkitektur med sentral-drift som gir mange driftfordeler.  I
9729 tillegg vil det kunne frigjøre kostnader for skolene slik at de kan
9730 bruke dem til å ansette f,eks flere lærere om det er ønskelig.</p>
9731
9732 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9733
9734 <P>Ikke all pedagogisk programvare er tilgjengelig der, som f.eks
9735 Drillpro om jeg ikke husker feil.</p>
9736
9737 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9738
9739 <p>Til utvikling av Java-applikasjoner og Android bruker jeg Eclipse og
9740 Quanta til web-utvikling via php. For all bildebehandling bruker jeg
9741 GIMP og Blender til 3d-modellering . Dessverre har Blender en bratt
9742 læringskurve i starten, men det er absolutt verdt det.
9743
9744 <p>Til musikk bruker jeg stort Rhytmbox. Firefox til surfing på nettet og
9745 Thunderbird og Evolution til e-post,
9746
9747 <p>På database-siden bruker jeg PostgreSQL, Postgis og av og til Mysql.
9748
9749 <p>Når jeg får tid til å spille bruker jeg som regel et strategi-spill
9750 som er basert på TA Spring-motoren (springrts.com), her er det et
9751 veldig bra utvalg av gratis spill som er av høy kvalitet. Veldig lett
9752 å bli hektet :)</p>
9753
9754       </div>
9755       <div class="tags">
9756
9757
9758         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9759
9760
9761       </div>
9762     </div>
9763     <div class="padding"></div>
9764
9765     <div class="entry">
9766       <div class="title">
9767         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Inspirerende_fra_en_ukjent_Skolelinux_skole.html">Inspirerende fra en ukjent Skolelinux-skole</a>
9768       </div>
9769       <div class="date">
9770          4th January 2011
9771       </div>
9772       <div class="body">
9773         <p>Følgende inspirerende historie fant jeg i
9774 <a href="http://www.digi.no/php/ny_debatt.php?id=858869#innlegg_770926">kommentarfeltet
9775 hos digi.no</a> i forbindelse med en trist sak om hvordan
9776 <a href="http://www.digi.no/858869/datakaos-etter-linux-satsing">skolen
9777 i Hemsedal har fått ødelagt</a> sin Skolelinux-installasjon.  Jeg har
9778 fikset endel åpenbare skrivefeil for lesbarhetens skyld.</p>
9779
9780 <blockquote>
9781 <p><strong>Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
9782 <br>av Inspektør Siri (gjest)
9783
9784 <p>Kommunen min har to omtrent jevnstore tettsteder, og en
9785 ungdomsskole i hvert av tettstedene. Den minste av disse har ca 300
9786 elever og til denne sogner det 3 barneskoler. Den største har ca 350
9787 elever og til denne sogner det 4 barneskoler.</p>
9788
9789 <ul>
9790
9791 <li>Kommunen har i veldig lang tid forsømt IKT i skolen, og det har
9792 bare blitt gitt smuler i ny og ne. Det er kun den største av
9793 ungdomsskolene som har hatt en skikkelig datapark, og dette takket
9794 være en naturfaglærer som ble lei av å vente på kommunen. Det gjorde
9795 at vi bestemte oss for å ta ting i egne hender, og da vha
9796 skolelinux. En testinstallasjon med 10 gamle PCer ble gjort, og vi så
9797 raskt at dette var veldig lovende. Neste etappe var å gi alle lærere
9798 egen PC på arbeidsplassene sine (2004), og så sette opp 16 PCer på to
9799 datarom. Vi har kun basert oss på å kjøpe inn brukte maskiner, og
9800 aldri dyrere enn 1000 kr pr klient. For to år siden så hadde vi
9801 klienter i alle klasserom, og totalt hadde vi da rundt 250 stk. Rundt
9802 40 klienter brukes av lærerne og kjører på en egen server. Elvene har
9803 resten, og kjører også en egen server. Servere har vi også kjøpt
9804 brukt, 2 år gamle servere koster 6-7000 kroner.</li>
9805
9806 <li>Skolen vår er et relativt gammelt bygg, men en meget dyktig
9807 vaktmester har sammen med IKT-ansvarlig/Naturfaglærer lagt kabler til alle
9808 rom. Gradvis har vi byttet ut billige svitsjer med mer solide saker
9809 som er mulig å fjernstyre.</li>
9810
9811 <li>Vi har i all hovedsak greid å få dette til over eget budsjett, men
9812 vi har også passet på å få penger når de andre skolene har fått
9813 bærbare PCer til lærere osv.</li>
9814
9815 <li>Vår IKT-ansvarlig har gjort (og gjør) en fenomenal jobb, og vi har
9816 en maskinpark som de andre av kommunens skoler bare kan drømme
9817 om.</li>
9818
9819 </ul>
9820
9821 <p>Så skjer det som ofte skjer. Det kommer en eller annen
9822 selger/blåruss og skal fikse ALT. I vårt tilfelle betyr dette også
9823 sentralisering av drift. Den ny-ansatte på kommunens IT-avdelingen
9824 skal også ha jobb, og ser for seg å ta over skoledriften. Kommunen
9825 kjøper inn eksterne driftstjenester, og nekter i samme slengen å ta
9826 hensyn til skolen vår. Dette til tross for at vi alene har like mange
9827 datamaskiner som de andre til sammen. </p>
9828
9829 <ul>
9830
9831 <li>Det blir krevd at vi skal innlemmes i de kommunale systemet, og
9832 det er VI som får ansvar for at dette kommer på plass. Og det er her
9833 de horrible tingene begynner å skje. </li>
9834
9835 <li>Det settes opp en lukket Exchange server som gjør av vi ikke kan
9836 hente epost for våre ansatte. Og det kreves at vi finner løsning på
9837 dette.</li>
9838
9839 <li>Det velges sak arkivsystem som vi pålegges å bruke, noe som gjør
9840 at vi må bruke en terminalløsning mot kommunal server. Ikke i seg selv
9841 et problem i følge IKT-ansvarlig hos oss. Men kommunens IT-avd nektet
9842 faktisk å åpne de porter OSV som vi måtte bruke.</li>
9843
9844 <li>Vi blir pålagt å flytte på innsiden av det kommunale
9845 nettverket. Dette gjorde at vi mistet hjemmekontor for lærere og
9846 elever. Å få åpnet porter i kommunal brannmur var ikke
9847 aktuelt. Mulighet for fjerndrift ble også vekk i samme slengen. </li>
9848
9849 <li>Vår LMS Moodle er ikke mulig å nå for elevene og lærerne.
9850
9851 </ul>
9852
9853 <p>Den andre ungdomsskolen i kommunen begynner så å kreve at de skal
9854 få bedre datatetthet, og komme opp på et nivå som ligner det vi
9855 har. De ser at vi kan avholde eksamen hvor alle 10. klassingene får
9856 sitte ved hver sin PC. Og de har fått tilbakemelding (klager) fra VGS
9857 om manglende datakompetanse på elevene som kommer fra dem. Dette fører
9858 videre til at kommunen endelig innser at de må ta grep. </p>
9859
9860 <p>Grepet betyr sentralisering, og farvel til vår plattform får vi
9861 høre. Det blir gjort en rekke bestemmelser og vedtak som vi ikke får
9862 være en del av. Det blir helt klart at vi må redusere antall maskiner,
9863 og det skal satses på bærbare maskiner. Siden vi ikke har fått tatt
9864 del i prosessene som angår oss, så bruker vi fagforening. Vi har ikke
9865 blitt hørt i forbindelse med endringer som er betydelig for vår
9866 hverdag, og greier å stoppe omlegging. I tillegg så har vi et politisk
9867 vedtak i kommunen på at vi skal kjøre Linux på elevnett, og dette
9868 vedtaket kan ikke administrasjonen i kommunene helt uten videre
9869 tilsidesette. </p>
9870
9871 <p>I sum har dette gjort at vi har fått jobbe videre i fred. Og en del
9872 runder i kommunens kontrollutvalg har gjort det tydelig at vi har blitt
9873 systematisk motarbeidet. </p>
9874
9875 <p>I dag har de andre skolene fått sine bærbare maskiner til elever og
9876 lærere, men etter 2 år med innkjøring er det fremdeles problemer
9877 her. </p>
9878
9879 <ul>
9880
9881 <li>Ungdomsskolen med windows kan ikke kjøre eksamen med sine bærbare,
9882 det er for mye arbeid å renske disse for innhold slik at juks ikke er
9883 mulig.</li>
9884
9885 <li>Utskrift er et mareritt, etter sigende pga at utskrift først
9886 sendes til sentral server, og så sendes ut til rett skriver. I snitt
9887 så tar det 7-8 minutter før utskrift starter på enkelte av
9888 skolene.</li>
9889
9890 <li>Trådløst skaper store problemer, og det er i perioder helt umulig
9891 å komme seg på nett. Og lagring på felles server er bare å glemme i
9892 perioder.</li>
9893
9894 </ul>
9895
9896 <p>Vi har slitt mye, kranglet og sloss. Ikke med tekniske problemer,
9897 men med omgivelsene rundt som vil oss til livs. Men det har vært verdt
9898 hver dråpe med svette, og timer med irritasjon. Men vi har begynt å få
9899 rutine her nå. </p>
9900
9901 <ul>
9902
9903 <li>Vi har fremdeles et system som vi styrer helt selv. </li>
9904 <li>Vi har vist at argumentet med at vår IKT-ansvarlig kan finne seg annen jobb ikke holder mål. Vi har kjøpt driftskonto hos et firma i tilfelle krise, og vi har kjørt opplæring på flere av de yngre lærerne. </li>
9905 <li>Vi har til enhver tid en lærling IKT driftsfag, og velger selvsagt ut dem som satser på Linux. Vi har nå begynt å få tilbake av våre tidligere elever som vil til oss nettopp fordi vi har Linux.</li>
9906 <li>Vi har vist at vi greier å opprettholde en dobbelt så stor datapark som naboskolen, og det til en billigere penge. </li>
9907 <li>Vi har datastøtte og support på huset, ALLTID tilgjengelig. De andre skolene må vente flere dager hvis det ikke er noe kritisk. </li>
9908 <li>Vår IKT-ansvarlig har 50% stilling som lærer og 50% som IKT-ansvarlig. </li>
9909 <li>Vi har en lærer på hvert trinn som har 3 timer i uka til å drive support/støtte til de andre lærerne. </li>
9910 <li>Vi opplever at de yngste lærerne ved den andre ungdomsskolen ønsker seg over til oss. </li>
9911
9912 </ul>
9913
9914 <p>Vi skal i løpet av året starte prosess med å planlegge ny skole, og vi har fått gjennomslag for at jeg (inspektør) og IKT-ansvarlig skal ha det fulle og hele ansvar for IKT/Infrastruktur. Begrunnelsen vår som ble avgjørende her, var at IT-avd i kommunen ikke kan noe om data i skolen. </p>
9915
9916 <p>Beklager hvis dette ble litt usammenhengende, men det ble tastet i
9917 fei, og jeg har ikke lest gjennom</p>
9918 </blockquote>
9919
9920 <p>Det kom raskt et lite svar:</p>
9921
9922 <blockquote>
9923 <p><strong>SV: Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
9924 <br>av captain_obvious</p>
9925
9926 <p>Inspirerende å lese. Har dere gjort noe for å fortelle denne
9927 historien videre?</p>
9928
9929 <p>Hadde vært svært interessant om dere tok kontakt med dokument 2 eller
9930 lignende for å fortelle hvordan det egentlig står til med
9931 IT-satsningen i kommune-Norge. Om ikke annet kan du begynner med å
9932 raffinere innlegget ditt og få en gjesteartikkel på digi.no</p>
9933 </blockquote>
9934
9935 <p>Og deretter en lengre oppfølging.</p>
9936
9937 <blockquote>
9938 <p><strong>SV: Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
9939 <br>av Inspektør Siri (gjest)
9940
9941 <p>Joda, vi har lekt med tanken, og vi har t.o.m skrevet flere lengre
9942 leserinnlegg myntet på aviser. Disse er ikke sendt til aviser, men
9943 brukt internt i forbindelse med møter med kommune. Vår IKT-ansvarlig
9944 har også truet med å si opp jobben sin hvis det ikke ble tatt hensyn i
9945 større grad enn hva som har vært tilfelle. VI kan også dokumentere
9946 flere brudd på anbudsregler, og vi kjenner til at relativt store
9947 IT-leverandører som ikke har fått tatt del i disse anbudene, rett og
9948 slett ikke tør melde fra av redsel for å få et dårlig rykte. </p>
9949
9950 <p>Alt ser ut til å roe seg ned, og vi har fått opp øynene på
9951 politikerne. I sum gjør dette at vi ikke ønsker for mye publisitet nå,
9952 det vil bare rote til igjen. </p>
9953
9954 <p>Jeg glemte å nevne at vi nå nesten ikke bruker tid på å drifte
9955 systemet vårt, noe som gjør at det aller meste av tid blir brukt til å
9956 støtte lærerne og elevene. F.eks så bruker vår IKT-ansvarlig den
9957 første timen på jobb, 0730-0830 kun til å gå ute på arbeidsplassene
9958 til læreren. Dette for å kunne svare på små og store problem, gi tips
9959 og råd, eller bare for å plukke opp hva som er behovet ute i
9960 undervisningsarealene. Det er dessverre ikke slik at alle lærerne har
9961 nok digital kompetanse til å kunne formulere alle spørsmålene de har,
9962 men ved å kunne få vise eller lufte tanker med IKT-ansvarlig så er det
9963 utrolig hva som kommer fram. </p>
9964
9965 <ul>
9966
9967 <li>Jeg ser at mange bruker økonomi som argument i forhold til å bruke
9968 SkoleLinux, og jeg skal ikke legge skjul på at det var dette som i
9969 utgangspunktet var årsaken til vårt valg. Men diskusjonene og kampen
9970 med kommunens IT-avdeling har gjort at vi har fått et noe annet
9971 fokus. Fordelene med drift og stabilitet, gjør at vi ville ha valgt
9972 samme løsning selv om den var dyrere. At vi slipper langt billigere
9973 unna, som følge av 0,- lisenskostnader og lave maskinvarekostnader, er
9974 bare en bonus. </li>
9975
9976 <li>Etter å ha kranglet oss til å få skikkelig oversikt over hva de
9977 andre skolene i kommunen bruker på IT, så har vi fått gehør for å få
9978 samme midler til innkjøp. Dette har gjort at vi nå kan kjøpe inn
9979 utstyr som de andre skolene bare kan se langt etter. Vi har nettopp
9980 kjøpt inn 3 videokamera i semiproff-klassen for å kunne lage film,
9981 samt sende live fra skoleteater/konserter. Vi har kjøpt inn digitale
9982 kompaktkamera til alle klassene. Vi har et team av lærere som skal i
9983 gang med å teste ut tablets på svake elever. Håpet et at teknologien
9984 kan være med på å gi noen av elevene litt mer motivasjon. Vi har kjøpt
9985 inn et halvt klassesett med pulsklokker, noe som har vist seg å være
9986 overraskende inspirerende for en del av elevene. Vi har også oss på
9987 fag på en høyskole litt lengre sør for oss, slik at 3 av oss nå skal
9988 ta faget "Linux tjenestedrift". Som inspektør og en del av skolens
9989 administrasjon er det veldig praktisk å kunne trå til hvis det
9990 kniper. Men IKT-ansvarlig har vært UTROLIG flink til å lage rene
9991 smørbrødlister for hvordan de mest vanlige driftsproblem løses, så det
9992 er lett for flere av oss å ta del i den daglige driften. Vi har svært
9993 stor nytte av lærling (som også hjelper to av naboskolene), men det er
9994 nesten blitt slik at det er om å gjøre å komme til først for å få løse
9995 problem. Det å få fingrene på problem og utfordringer er den aller
9996 beste læremester. </li>
9997
9998 </ul>
9999
10000 <p>Når vi nå tar til med planlegging av ny skole, så vil det være med
10001 tanke på at det skal være mulig med datautstyr på alle plasser. Vi
10002 kommer i all hovedsak til å legge kabel til alle tenkelige og
10003 utenkelige plasser. WiFi koster tilnærmet NULL å sette opp i
10004 ettertid.</p>
10005
10006 <p>Vi har ikke vært noe flink til å bidra til SkoleLinux-prosjektet,
10007 vi har rett og slett vært for opptatt med vår egen kamp. Vi har hentet
10008 mye inspirasjon fra diskusjoner som har gått i det miljøet, og vi
10009 håper at vi nå framover kan få tid til å bidra. Vi er i ferd med å
10010 bytte ut en av serverne våre, og da vil denne trolig bli satt opp som
10011 testserver for neste versjon av Skolelinux. På den måten vil vi i alle
10012 fall kunne gi tilbakemeldinger og rapportere feil. I tillegg så vil
10013 det kanskje gi oss noen nye utfordringer, for som lærlingen vår sier:
10014 "Skolelinux er noe herk, det skjer jo ikke noe galt og hvordan skal
10015 jeg da lære?"</p>
10016
10017 </blockquote>
10018
10019 <p>Det er veldig hyggelig å høre at
10020 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> fungerer så bra i
10021 skoleverdagen etter å ha jobbet med det i 10 år.</p>
10022
10023       </div>
10024       <div class="tags">
10025
10026
10027         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
10028
10029
10030       </div>
10031     </div>
10032     <div class="padding"></div>
10033
10034     <div class="entry">
10035       <div class="title">
10036         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_test_if_a_laptop_is_working_with_Linux.html">How to test if a laptop is working with Linux</a>
10037       </div>
10038       <div class="date">
10039         22nd December 2010
10040       </div>
10041       <div class="body">
10042         <p>The last few days I have spent at work here at the <a
10043 href="http://www.uio.no/">University of Oslo</a> testing if the new
10044 batch of computers will work with Linux.  Every year for the last few
10045 years the university have organised shared bid of a few thousand
10046 computers, and this year HP won the bid.  Two different desktops and
10047 five different laptops are on the list this year.  We in the UNIX
10048 group want to know which one of these computers work well with RHEL
10049 and Ubuntu, the two Linux distributions we currently handle at the
10050 university.</p>
10051
10052 <p>My test method is simple, and I share it here to get feedback and
10053 perhaps inspire others to test hardware as well.  To test, I PXE
10054 install the OS version of choice, and log in as my normal user and run
10055 a few applications and plug in selected pieces of hardware.  When
10056 something fail, I make a note about this in the test matrix and move
10057 on.  If I have some spare time I try to report the bug to the OS
10058 vendor, but as I only have the machines for a short time, I rarely
10059 have the time to do this for all the problems I find.</p>
10060
10061 <p>Anyway, to get to the point of this post.  Here is the simple tests
10062 I perform on a new model.</p>
10063
10064 <ul>
10065
10066 <li>Is PXE installation working?  I'm testing with RHEL6, Ubuntu Lucid
10067 and Ubuntu Maverik at the moment.  If I feel like it, I also test with
10068 RHEL5 and Debian Edu/Squeeze.</li>
10069
10070 <li>Is X.org working?  If the graphical login screen show up after
10071 installation, X.org is working.</li>
10072
10073 <li>Is hardware accelerated OpenGL working?  Running glxgears (in
10074 package mesa-utils on Ubuntu) and writing down the frames per second
10075 reported by the program.</li>
10076
10077 <li>Is sound working?  With Gnome and KDE, a sound is played when
10078 logging in, and if I can hear this the test is successful.  If there
10079 are several audio exits on the machine, I try them all and check if
10080 the Gnome/KDE audio mixer can control where to send the sound.  I
10081 normally test this by playing
10082 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20101012-chef/ ">a HTML5
10083 video</a> in Firefox/Iceweasel.</li>
10084
10085 <li>Is the USB subsystem working?  I test this by plugging in a USB
10086 memory stick and see if Gnome/KDE notices this.</li>
10087
10088 <li>Is the CD/DVD player working?  I test this by inserting any CD/DVD
10089 I have lying around, and see if Gnome/KDE notices this.</li>
10090
10091 <li>Is any built in camera working?  Test using cheese, and see if a
10092 picture from the v4l device show up.</li>
10093
10094 <li>Is bluetooth working?  Use the Gnome/KDE browsing tool to see if
10095 any bluetooth devices are discovered.  In my office, I normally see a
10096 few.</li>
10097
10098 <li>For laptops, is the SD or Compaq Flash reader working.  I have
10099 memory modules lying around, and stick them in and see if Gnome/KDE
10100 notice this.</li>
10101
10102 <li>For laptops, is suspend/hibernate working?  I'm testing if the
10103 special button work, and if the laptop continue to work after
10104 resume.</li>
10105
10106 <li>For laptops, is the extra buttons working, like audio level,
10107 adjusting background light, switching on/off external video output,
10108 switching on/off wifi, bluetooth, etc?  The set of buttons differ from
10109 laptop to laptop, so I just write down which are working and which are
10110 not.</li>
10111
10112 <li>Some laptops have smart card readers, finger print readers,
10113 acceleration sensors etc.  I rarely test these, as I do not know how
10114 to quickly test if they are working or not, so I only document their
10115 existence.</li>
10116
10117 </ul>
10118
10119 <p>By now I suspect you are really curious what the test results are
10120 for the HP machines I am testing.  I'm not done yet, so I will report
10121 the test results later.  For now I can report that HP 8100 Elite work
10122 fine, and hibernation fail with HP EliteBook 8440p on Ubuntu Lucid,
10123 and audio fail on RHEL6.  Ubuntu Maverik worked with 8440p.  As you
10124 can see, I have most machines left to test.  One interesting
10125 observation is that Ubuntu Lucid has almost twice the frame rate than
10126 RHEL6 with glxgears.  No idea why.</p>
10127
10128       </div>
10129       <div class="tags">
10130
10131
10132         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
10133
10134
10135       </div>
10136     </div>
10137     <div class="padding"></div>
10138
10139     <div class="entry">
10140       <div class="title">
10141         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_development_gathering_and_General_Assembly_for_FRiSK.html">Debian Edu development gathering and General Assembly for FRiSK</a>
10142       </div>
10143       <div class="date">
10144         29th November 2010
10145       </div>
10146       <div class="body">
10147         <p>On friday, the first Debian Edu / Skolelinux
10148 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering/2010-12-03-05-Oslo">development
10149 gathering</a> in a long time take place here in Oslo, Norway.  I
10150 really look forward to seeing all the good people working on the
10151 Squeeze release.  The gathering is open for everyone interested in
10152 learning more about Debian Edu / Skolelinux.</p>
10153
10154 <p>On Saturday, the Norwegian member organization taking care of
10155 organizing these development gatherings, Fri Programvare i Skolen,
10156 will hold its
10157 <a href="http://friprogramvareiskolen.no/Genfors/2010">General Assembly
10158 for 2010</a>.  Membership is open for all, and currently there are 388
10159 people registered as members.  Last year 32 members cast their vote in
10160 the memberdb based election system.  I hope more people find time to
10161 vote this year.</p>
10162
10163       </div>
10164       <div class="tags">
10165
10166
10167         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10168
10169
10170       </div>
10171     </div>
10172     <div class="padding"></div>
10173
10174     <div class="entry">
10175       <div class="title">
10176         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_isn_t_Debian_Edu_using_VLC_.html">Why isn't Debian Edu using VLC?</a>
10177       </div>
10178       <div class="date">
10179         27th November 2010
10180       </div>
10181       <div class="body">
10182         <p>In the latest issue of Linux Journal, the readers choices were
10183 presented, and the winner among the multimedia player were VLC.
10184 Personally, I like VLC, and it is my player of choice when I first try
10185 to play a video file or stream.  Only if VLC fail will I drag out
10186 gmplayer to see if it can do better.  The reason is mostly the failure
10187 model and trust.  When VLC fail, it normally pop up a error message
10188 reporting the problem.  When mplayer fail, it normally segfault or
10189 just hangs.  The latter failure mode drain my trust in the program.<p>
10190
10191 <p>But even if VLC is my player of choice, we have choosen to use
10192 mplayer in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian
10193 Edu/Skolelinux</a>.  The reason is simple.  We need a good browser
10194 plugin to play web videos seamlessly, and the VLC browser plugin is
10195 not very good.  For example, it lack in-line control buttons, so there
10196 is no way for the user to pause the video.  Also, when I
10197 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/BrowserMultimedia">last
10198 tested the browser plugins</a> available in Debian, the VLC plugin
10199 failed on several video pages where mplayer based plugins worked.  If
10200 the browser plugin for VLC was as good as the gecko-mediaplayer
10201 package (which uses mplayer), we would switch.</P>
10202
10203 <p>While VLC is a good player, its user interface is slightly
10204 annoying.  The most annoying feature is its inconsistent use of
10205 keyboard shortcuts.  When the player is in full screen mode, its
10206 shortcuts are different from when it is playing the video in a window.
10207 For example, space only work as pause when in full screen mode.  I
10208 wish it had consisten shortcuts and that space also would work when in
10209 window mode.  Another nice shortcut in gmplayer is [enter] to restart
10210 the current video.  It is very nice when playing short videos from the
10211 web and want to restart it when new people arrive to have a look at
10212 what is going on.</p>
10213
10214       </div>
10215       <div class="tags">
10216
10217
10218         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
10219
10220
10221       </div>
10222     </div>
10223     <div class="padding"></div>
10224
10225     <div class="entry">
10226       <div class="title">
10227         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades_of_the_Gnome_and_KDE_desktop__now_with_apt_get_autoremove.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades of the Gnome and KDE desktop, now with apt-get autoremove</a>
10228       </div>
10229       <div class="date">
10230         22nd November 2010
10231       </div>
10232       <div class="body">
10233         <p>Michael Biebl suggested to me on IRC, that I changed my automated
10234 upgrade testing of the
10235 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">Lenny
10236 Gnome and KDE Desktop</a> to do <tt>apt-get autoremove</tt> when using apt-get.
10237 This seem like a very good idea, so I adjusted by test scripts and
10238 can now present the updated result from today:</p>
10239
10240 <p>This is for Gnome:</p>
10241
10242 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
10243
10244 <blockquote><p>
10245   apache2.2-bin
10246   aptdaemon
10247   baobab
10248   binfmt-support
10249   browser-plugin-gnash
10250   cheese-common
10251   cli-common
10252   cups-pk-helper
10253   dmz-cursor-theme
10254   empathy
10255   empathy-common
10256   freedesktop-sound-theme
10257   freeglut3
10258   gconf-defaults-service
10259   gdm-themes
10260   gedit-plugins
10261   geoclue
10262   geoclue-hostip
10263   geoclue-localnet
10264   geoclue-manual
10265   geoclue-yahoo
10266   gnash
10267   gnash-common
10268   gnome
10269   gnome-backgrounds
10270   gnome-cards-data
10271   gnome-codec-install
10272   gnome-core
10273   gnome-desktop-environment
10274   gnome-disk-utility
10275   gnome-screenshot
10276   gnome-search-tool
10277   gnome-session-canberra
10278   gnome-system-log
10279   gnome-themes-extras
10280   gnome-themes-more
10281   gnome-user-share
10282   gstreamer0.10-fluendo-mp3
10283   gstreamer0.10-tools
10284   gtk2-engines
10285   gtk2-engines-pixbuf
10286   gtk2-engines-smooth
10287   hamster-applet
10288   libapache2-mod-dnssd
10289   libapr1
10290   libaprutil1
10291   libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3
10292   libaprutil1-ldap
10293   libart2.0-cil
10294   libboost-date-time1.42.0
10295   libboost-python1.42.0
10296   libboost-thread1.42.0
10297   libchamplain-0.4-0
10298   libchamplain-gtk-0.4-0
10299   libcheese-gtk18
10300   libclutter-gtk-0.10-0
10301   libcryptui0
10302   libdiscid0
10303   libelf1
10304   libepc-1.0-2
10305   libepc-common
10306   libepc-ui-1.0-2
10307   libfreerdp-plugins-standard
10308   libfreerdp0
10309   libgconf2.0-cil
10310   libgdata-common
10311   libgdata7
10312   libgdu-gtk0
10313   libgee2
10314   libgeoclue0
10315   libgexiv2-0
10316   libgif4
10317   libglade2.0-cil
10318   libglib2.0-cil
10319   libgmime2.4-cil
10320   libgnome-vfs2.0-cil
10321   libgnome2.24-cil
10322   libgnomepanel2.24-cil
10323   libgpod-common
10324   libgpod4
10325   libgtk2.0-cil
10326   libgtkglext1
10327   libgtksourceview2.0-common
10328   libmono-addins-gui0.2-cil
10329   libmono-addins0.2-cil
10330   libmono-cairo2.0-cil
10331   libmono-corlib2.0-cil
10332   libmono-i18n-west2.0-cil
10333   libmono-posix2.0-cil
10334   libmono-security2.0-cil
10335   libmono-sharpzip2.84-cil
10336   libmono-system2.0-cil
10337   libmtp8
10338   libmusicbrainz3-6
10339   libndesk-dbus-glib1.0-cil
10340   libndesk-dbus1.0-cil
10341   libopal3.6.8
10342   libpolkit-gtk-1-0
10343   libpt2.6.7
10344   libpython2.6
10345   librpm1
10346   librpmio1
10347   libsdl1.2debian
10348   libsrtp0
10349   libssh-4
10350   libtelepathy-farsight0
10351   libtelepathy-glib0
10352   libtidy-0.99-0
10353   media-player-info
10354   mesa-utils
10355   mono-2.0-gac
10356   mono-gac
10357   mono-runtime
10358   nautilus-sendto
10359   nautilus-sendto-empathy
10360   p7zip-full
10361   pkg-config
10362   python-aptdaemon
10363   python-aptdaemon-gtk
10364   python-axiom
10365   python-beautifulsoup
10366   python-bugbuddy
10367   python-clientform
10368   python-coherence
10369   python-configobj
10370   python-crypto
10371   python-cupshelpers
10372   python-elementtree
10373   python-epsilon
10374   python-evolution
10375   python-feedparser
10376   python-gdata
10377   python-gdbm
10378   python-gst0.10
10379   python-gtkglext1
10380   python-gtksourceview2
10381   python-httplib2
10382   python-louie
10383   python-mako
10384   python-markupsafe
10385   python-mechanize
10386   python-nevow
10387   python-notify
10388   python-opengl
10389   python-openssl
10390   python-pam
10391   python-pkg-resources
10392   python-pyasn1
10393   python-pysqlite2
10394   python-rdflib
10395   python-serial
10396   python-tagpy
10397   python-twisted-bin
10398   python-twisted-conch
10399   python-twisted-core
10400   python-twisted-web
10401   python-utidylib
10402   python-webkit
10403   python-xdg
10404   python-zope.interface
10405   remmina
10406   remmina-plugin-data
10407   remmina-plugin-rdp
10408   remmina-plugin-vnc
10409   rhythmbox-plugin-cdrecorder
10410   rhythmbox-plugins
10411   rpm-common
10412   rpm2cpio
10413   seahorse-plugins
10414   shotwell
10415   software-center
10416   system-config-printer-udev
10417   telepathy-gabble
10418   telepathy-mission-control-5
10419   telepathy-salut
10420   tomboy
10421   totem
10422   totem-coherence
10423   totem-mozilla
10424   totem-plugins
10425   transmission-common
10426   xdg-user-dirs
10427   xdg-user-dirs-gtk
10428   xserver-xephyr
10429 </p></blockquote>
10430
10431 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
10432
10433 <blockquote><p>
10434   cheese
10435   ekiga
10436   eog
10437   epiphany-extensions
10438   evolution-exchange
10439   fast-user-switch-applet
10440   file-roller
10441   gcalctool
10442   gconf-editor
10443   gdm
10444   gedit
10445   gedit-common
10446   gnome-games
10447   gnome-games-data
10448   gnome-nettool
10449   gnome-system-tools
10450   gnome-themes
10451   gnuchess
10452   gucharmap
10453   guile-1.8-libs
10454   libavahi-ui0
10455   libdmx1
10456   libgalago3
10457   libgtk-vnc-1.0-0
10458   libgtksourceview2.0-0
10459   liblircclient0
10460   libsdl1.2debian-alsa
10461   libspeexdsp1
10462   libsvga1
10463   rhythmbox
10464   seahorse
10465   sound-juicer
10466   system-config-printer
10467   totem-common
10468   transmission-gtk
10469   vinagre
10470   vino
10471 </p></blockquote>
10472
10473 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
10474
10475 <blockquote><p>
10476   gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
10477 </p></blockquote>
10478
10479 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
10480
10481 <blockquote><p>
10482 [nothing]
10483 </p></blockquote>
10484
10485 <p>This is for KDE:</p>
10486
10487 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
10488
10489 <blockquote><p>
10490   ksmserver
10491 </p></blockquote>
10492
10493 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
10494
10495 <blockquote><p>
10496   kwin
10497   network-manager-kde
10498 </p></blockquote>
10499
10500 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
10501
10502 <blockquote><p>
10503   arts
10504   dolphin
10505   freespacenotifier
10506   google-gadgets-gst
10507   google-gadgets-xul
10508   kappfinder
10509   kcalc
10510   kcharselect
10511   kde-core
10512   kde-plasma-desktop
10513   kde-standard
10514   kde-window-manager
10515   kdeartwork
10516   kdeartwork-emoticons
10517   kdeartwork-style
10518   kdeartwork-theme-icon
10519   kdebase
10520   kdebase-apps
10521   kdebase-workspace
10522   kdebase-workspace-bin
10523   kdebase-workspace-data
10524   kdeeject
10525   kdelibs
10526   kdeplasma-addons
10527   kdeutils
10528   kdewallpapers
10529   kdf
10530   kfloppy
10531   kgpg
10532   khelpcenter4
10533   kinfocenter
10534   konq-plugins-l10n
10535   konqueror-nsplugins
10536   kscreensaver
10537   kscreensaver-xsavers
10538   ktimer
10539   kwrite
10540   libgle3
10541   libkde4-ruby1.8
10542   libkonq5
10543   libkonq5-templates
10544   libnetpbm10
10545   libplasma-ruby
10546   libplasma-ruby1.8
10547   libqt4-ruby1.8
10548   marble-data
10549   marble-plugins
10550   netpbm
10551   nuvola-icon-theme
10552   plasma-dataengines-workspace
10553   plasma-desktop
10554   plasma-desktopthemes-artwork
10555   plasma-runners-addons
10556   plasma-scriptengine-googlegadgets
10557   plasma-scriptengine-python
10558   plasma-scriptengine-qedje
10559   plasma-scriptengine-ruby
10560   plasma-scriptengine-webkit
10561   plasma-scriptengines
10562   plasma-wallpapers-addons
10563   plasma-widget-folderview
10564   plasma-widget-networkmanagement
10565   ruby
10566   sweeper
10567   update-notifier-kde
10568   xscreensaver-data-extra
10569   xscreensaver-gl
10570   xscreensaver-gl-extra
10571   xscreensaver-screensaver-bsod
10572 </p></blockquote>
10573
10574 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
10575
10576 <blockquote><p>
10577   ark
10578   google-gadgets-common
10579   google-gadgets-qt
10580   htdig
10581   kate
10582   kdebase-bin
10583   kdebase-data
10584   kdepasswd
10585   kfind
10586   klipper
10587   konq-plugins
10588   konqueror
10589   ksysguard
10590   ksysguardd
10591   libarchive1
10592   libcln6
10593   libeet1
10594   libeina-svn-06
10595   libggadget-1.0-0b
10596   libggadget-qt-1.0-0b
10597   libgps19
10598   libkdecorations4
10599   libkephal4
10600   libkonq4
10601   libkonqsidebarplugin4a
10602   libkscreensaver5
10603   libksgrd4
10604   libksignalplotter4
10605   libkunitconversion4
10606   libkwineffects1a
10607   libmarblewidget4
10608   libntrack-qt4-1
10609   libntrack0
10610   libplasma-geolocation-interface4
10611   libplasmaclock4a
10612   libplasmagenericshell4
10613   libprocesscore4a
10614   libprocessui4a
10615   libqalculate5
10616   libqedje0a
10617   libqtruby4shared2
10618   libqzion0a
10619   libruby1.8
10620   libscim8c2a
10621   libsmokekdecore4-3
10622   libsmokekdeui4-3
10623   libsmokekfile3
10624   libsmokekhtml3
10625   libsmokekio3
10626   libsmokeknewstuff2-3
10627   libsmokeknewstuff3-3
10628   libsmokekparts3
10629   libsmokektexteditor3
10630   libsmokekutils3
10631   libsmokenepomuk3
10632   libsmokephonon3
10633   libsmokeplasma3
10634   libsmokeqtcore4-3
10635   libsmokeqtdbus4-3
10636   libsmokeqtgui4-3
10637   libsmokeqtnetwork4-3
10638   libsmokeqtopengl4-3
10639   libsmokeqtscript4-3
10640   libsmokeqtsql4-3
10641   libsmokeqtsvg4-3
10642   libsmokeqttest4-3
10643   libsmokeqtuitools4-3
10644   libsmokeqtwebkit4-3
10645   libsmokeqtxml4-3
10646   libsmokesolid3
10647   libsmokesoprano3
10648   libtaskmanager4a
10649   libtidy-0.99-0
10650   libweather-ion4a
10651   libxklavier16
10652   libxxf86misc1
10653   okteta
10654   oxygencursors
10655   plasma-dataengines-addons
10656   plasma-scriptengine-superkaramba
10657   plasma-widget-lancelot
10658   plasma-widgets-addons
10659   plasma-widgets-workspace
10660   polkit-kde-1
10661   ruby1.8
10662   systemsettings
10663   update-notifier-common
10664 </p></blockquote>
10665
10666 <p>Running apt-get autoremove made the results using apt-get and
10667 aptitude a bit more similar, but there are still quite a lott of
10668 differences.  I have no idea what packages should be installed after
10669 the upgrade, but hope those that do can have a look.</p>
10670
10671       </div>
10672       <div class="tags">
10673
10674
10675         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
10676
10677
10678       </div>
10679     </div>
10680     <div class="padding"></div>
10681
10682     <div class="entry">
10683       <div class="title">
10684         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Migrating_Xen_virtual_machines_using_LVM_to_KVM_using_disk_images.html">Migrating Xen virtual machines using LVM to KVM using disk images</a>
10685       </div>
10686       <div class="date">
10687         22nd November 2010
10688       </div>
10689       <div class="body">
10690         <p>Most of the computers in use by the
10691 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux project</a>
10692 are virtual machines.  And they have been Xen machines running on a
10693 fairly old IBM eserver xseries 345 machine, and we wanted to migrate
10694 them to KVM on a newer Dell PowerEdge 2950 host machine.  This was a
10695 bit harder that it could have been, because we set up the Xen virtual
10696 machines to get the virtual partitions from LVM, which as far as I
10697 know is not supported by KVM.  So to migrate, we had to convert
10698 several LVM logical volumes to partitions on a virtual disk file.</p>
10699
10700 <p>I found
10701 <a href="http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com.au/articles/35011-Six-steps-for-migrating-Xen-virtual-machines-to-KVM">a
10702 nice recipe</a> to do this, and wrote the following script to do the
10703 migration.  It uses qemu-img from the qemu package to make the disk
10704 image, parted to partition it, losetup and kpartx to present the disk
10705 image partions as devices, and dd to copy the data.  I NFS mounted the
10706 new servers storage area on the old server to do the migration.</p>
10707
10708 <pre>
10709 #!/bin/sh
10710
10711 # Based on
10712 # http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com.au/articles/35011-Six-steps-for-migrating-Xen-virtual-machines-to-KVM
10713
10714 set -e
10715 set -x
10716
10717 if [ -z "$1" ] ; then
10718     echo "Usage: $0 &lt;hostname&gt;"
10719     exit 1
10720 else
10721     host="$1"
10722 fi
10723
10724 if [ ! -e /dev/vg_data/$host-disk ] ; then
10725     echo "error: unable to find LVM volume for $host"
10726     exit 1
10727 fi
10728
10729 # Partitions need to be a bit bigger than the LVM LVs.  not sure why.
10730 disksize=$( lvs --units m | grep $host-disk | awk '{sum = sum + $4} END { print int(sum * 1.05) }')
10731 swapsize=$( lvs --units m | grep $host-swap | awk '{sum = sum + $4} END { print int(sum * 1.05) }')
10732 totalsize=$(( ( $disksize + $swapsize ) ))
10733
10734 img=$host.img
10735 #dd if=/dev/zero of=$img bs=1M count=$(( $disksize + $swapsize ))
10736 qemu-img create $img ${totalsize}MMaking room on the Debian Edu/Sqeeze DVD
10737
10738 parted $img mklabel msdos
10739 parted $img mkpart primary linux-swap 0 $disksize
10740 parted $img mkpart primary ext2 $disksize $totalsize
10741 parted $img set 1 boot on
10742
10743 modprobe dm-mod
10744 losetup /dev/loop0 $img
10745 kpartx -a /dev/loop0
10746
10747 dd if=/dev/vg_data/$host-disk of=/dev/mapper/loop0p1 bs=1M
10748 fsck.ext3 -f /dev/mapper/loop0p1 || true
10749 mkswap /dev/mapper/loop0p2
10750
10751 kpartx -d /dev/loop0
10752 losetup -d /dev/loop0
10753 </pre>
10754
10755 <p>The script is perhaps so simple that it is not copyrightable, but
10756 if it is, it is licenced using GPL v2 or later at your discretion.</p>
10757
10758 <p>After doing this, I booted a Debian CD in rescue mode in KVM with
10759 the new disk image attached, installed grub-pc and linux-image-686 and
10760 set up grub to boot from the disk image.  After this, the KVM machines
10761 seem to work just fine.</p>
10762
10763       </div>
10764       <div class="tags">
10765
10766
10767         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
10768
10769
10770       </div>
10771     </div>
10772     <div class="padding"></div>
10773
10774     <div class="entry">
10775       <div class="title">
10776         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__apt_vs_aptitude_with_the_Gnome_and_KDE_desktop.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, apt vs aptitude with the Gnome and KDE desktop</a>
10777       </div>
10778       <div class="date">
10779         20th November 2010
10780       </div>
10781       <div class="body">
10782         <p>I'm still running upgrade testing of the
10783 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">Lenny
10784 Gnome and KDE Desktop</a>, but have not had time to spend on reporting the
10785 status.  Here is a short update based on a test I ran 20101118.</p>
10786
10787 <p>I still do not know what a correct migration should look like, so I
10788 report any differences between apt and aptitude and hope someone else
10789 can see if anything should be changed.</p>
10790
10791 <p>This is for Gnome:</p>
10792
10793 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
10794
10795 <blockquote><p>
10796   apache2.2-bin aptdaemon at-spi baobab binfmt-support
10797   browser-plugin-gnash cheese-common cli-common cpp-4.3 cups-pk-helper
10798   dmz-cursor-theme empathy empathy-common finger
10799   freedesktop-sound-theme freeglut3 gconf-defaults-service gdm-themes
10800   gedit-plugins geoclue geoclue-hostip geoclue-localnet geoclue-manual
10801   geoclue-yahoo gnash gnash-common gnome gnome-backgrounds
10802   gnome-cards-data gnome-codec-install gnome-core
10803   gnome-desktop-environment gnome-disk-utility gnome-screenshot
10804   gnome-search-tool gnome-session-canberra gnome-spell
10805   gnome-system-log gnome-themes-extras gnome-themes-more
10806   gnome-user-share gs-common gstreamer0.10-fluendo-mp3
10807   gstreamer0.10-tools gtk2-engines gtk2-engines-pixbuf
10808   gtk2-engines-smooth hal-info hamster-applet libapache2-mod-dnssd
10809   libapr1 libaprutil1 libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 libaprutil1-ldap
10810   libart2.0-cil libatspi1.0-0 libboost-date-time1.42.0
10811   libboost-python1.42.0 libboost-thread1.42.0 libchamplain-0.4-0
10812   libchamplain-gtk-0.4-0 libcheese-gtk18 libclutter-gtk-0.10-0
10813   libcryptui0 libcupsys2 libdiscid0 libeel2-data libelf1 libepc-1.0-2
10814   libepc-common libepc-ui-1.0-2 libfreerdp-plugins-standard
10815   libfreerdp0 libgail-common libgconf2.0-cil libgdata-common libgdata7
10816   libgdl-1-common libgdu-gtk0 libgee2 libgeoclue0 libgexiv2-0 libgif4
10817   libglade2.0-cil libglib2.0-cil libgmime2.4-cil libgnome-vfs2.0-cil
10818   libgnome2.24-cil libgnomepanel2.24-cil libgnomeprint2.2-data
10819   libgnomeprintui2.2-common libgnomevfs2-bin libgpod-common libgpod4
10820   libgtk2.0-cil libgtkglext1 libgtksourceview-common
10821   libgtksourceview2.0-common libmono-addins-gui0.2-cil
10822   libmono-addins0.2-cil libmono-cairo2.0-cil libmono-corlib2.0-cil
10823   libmono-i18n-west2.0-cil libmono-posix2.0-cil
10824   libmono-security2.0-cil libmono-sharpzip2.84-cil
10825   libmono-system2.0-cil libmtp8 libmusicbrainz3-6
10826   libndesk-dbus-glib1.0-cil libndesk-dbus1.0-cil libopal3.6.8
10827   libpolkit-gtk-1-0 libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa
10828   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libpt2.6.7 libpython2.6 librpm1 librpmio1
10829   libsdl1.2debian libservlet2.4-java libsrtp0 libssh-4
10830   libtelepathy-farsight0 libtelepathy-glib0 libtidy-0.99-0
10831   libxalan2-java libxerces2-java media-player-info mesa-utils
10832   mono-2.0-gac mono-gac mono-runtime nautilus-sendto
10833   nautilus-sendto-empathy openoffice.org-writer2latex
10834   openssl-blacklist p7zip p7zip-full pkg-config python-4suite-xml
10835   python-aptdaemon python-aptdaemon-gtk python-axiom
10836   python-beautifulsoup python-bugbuddy python-clientform
10837   python-coherence python-configobj python-crypto python-cupshelpers
10838   python-cupsutils python-eggtrayicon python-elementtree
10839   python-epsilon python-evolution python-feedparser python-gdata
10840   python-gdbm python-gst0.10 python-gtkglext1 python-gtkmozembed
10841   python-gtksourceview2 python-httplib2 python-louie python-mako
10842   python-markupsafe python-mechanize python-nevow python-notify
10843   python-opengl python-openssl python-pam python-pkg-resources
10844   python-pyasn1 python-pysqlite2 python-rdflib python-serial
10845   python-tagpy python-twisted-bin python-twisted-conch
10846   python-twisted-core python-twisted-web python-utidylib python-webkit
10847   python-xdg python-zope.interface remmina remmina-plugin-data
10848   remmina-plugin-rdp remmina-plugin-vnc rhythmbox-plugin-cdrecorder
10849   rhythmbox-plugins rpm-common rpm2cpio seahorse-plugins shotwell
10850   software-center svgalibg1 system-config-printer-udev
10851   telepathy-gabble telepathy-mission-control-5 telepathy-salut tomboy
10852   totem totem-coherence totem-mozilla totem-plugins
10853   transmission-common xdg-user-dirs xdg-user-dirs-gtk xserver-xephyr
10854   zip
10855 </p></blockquote>
10856
10857 Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude
10858
10859 <blockquote><p>
10860   arj bluez-utils cheese dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop ekiga eog
10861   epiphany-extensions epiphany-gecko evolution-exchange
10862   fast-user-switch-applet file-roller gcalctool gconf-editor gdm gedit
10863   gedit-common gnome-app-install gnome-games gnome-games-data
10864   gnome-nettool gnome-system-tools gnome-themes gnome-utils
10865   gnome-vfs-obexftp gnome-volume-manager gnuchess gucharmap
10866   guile-1.8-libs hal libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5
10867   libavahi-ui0 libbind9-50 libbluetooth2 libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7
10868   libcucul0 libcurl3 libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdmx1 libdvdread3
10869   libedata-cal1.2-6 libedataserver1.2-9 libeel2-2.20 libepc-1.0-1
10870   libepc-ui-1.0-1 libexchange-storage1.2-3 libfaad0 libgadu3
10871   libgalago3 libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libggz2 libggzcore9
10872   libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0 libgnome-desktop-2
10873   libgnome-pilot2 libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomeprint2.2-0
10874   libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtk-vnc-1.0-0
10875   libgtkhtml2-0 libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgtksourceview2.0-0
10876   libgucharmap6 libhesiod0 libicu38 libisccc50 libisccfg50 libiw29
10877   libjaxp1.3-java-gcj libkpathsea4 liblircclient0 libltdl3 liblwres50
10878   libmagick++10 libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmozjs1d libmpfr1ldbl libmtp7
10879   libmysqlclient15off libnautilus-burn4 libneon27 libnm-glib0
10880   libnm-util0 libopal-2.2 libosp5 libparted1.8-10 libpisock9
10881   libpisync1 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3 libpt-1.10.10 libraw1394-8
10882   libsdl1.2debian-alsa libsensors3 libsexy2 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8
10883   libspeexdsp1 libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libsvga1
10884   libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1 libtotem-plparser10 libtrackerclient0
10885   libvoikko1 libxalan2-java-gcj libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12
10886   libxtrap6 libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3 mysql-common rhythmbox seahorse
10887   sound-juicer swfdec-gnome system-config-printer totem-common
10888   totem-gstreamer transmission-gtk vinagre vino w3c-dtd-xhtml wodim
10889 </p></blockquote>
10890
10891 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
10892
10893 <blockquote><p>
10894   gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
10895 </p></blockquote>
10896
10897 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
10898
10899 <blockquote><p>
10900 [nothing]
10901 </p></blockquote>
10902
10903 <p>This is for KDE:</p>
10904
10905 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
10906
10907 <blockquote><p>
10908   autopoint bomber bovo cantor cantor-backend-kalgebra cpp-4.3 dcoprss
10909   edict espeak espeak-data eyesapplet fifteenapplet finger gettext
10910   ghostscript-x git gnome-audio gnugo granatier gs-common
10911   gstreamer0.10-pulseaudio indi kaddressbook-plugins kalgebra
10912   kalzium-data kanjidic kapman kate-plugins kblocks kbreakout kbstate
10913   kde-icons-mono kdeaccessibility kdeaddons-kfile-plugins
10914   kdeadmin-kfile-plugins kdeartwork-misc kdeartwork-theme-window
10915   kdeedu kdeedu-data kdeedu-kvtml-data kdegames kdegames-card-data
10916   kdegames-mahjongg-data kdegraphics-kfile-plugins kdelirc
10917   kdemultimedia-kfile-plugins kdenetwork-kfile-plugins
10918   kdepim-kfile-plugins kdepim-kio-plugins kdessh kdetoys kdewebdev
10919   kdiamond kdnssd kfilereplace kfourinline kgeography-data kigo
10920   killbots kiriki klettres-data kmoon kmrml knewsticker-scripts
10921   kollision kpf krosspython ksirk ksmserver ksquares kstars-data
10922   ksudoku kubrick kweather libasound2-plugins libboost-python1.42.0
10923   libcfitsio3 libconvert-binhex-perl libcrypt-ssleay-perl libdb4.6++
10924   libdjvulibre-text libdotconf1.0 liberror-perl libespeak1
10925   libfinance-quote-perl libgail-common libgsl0ldbl libhtml-parser-perl
10926   libhtml-tableextract-perl libhtml-tagset-perl libhtml-tree-perl
10927   libio-stringy-perl libkdeedu4 libkdegames5 libkiten4 libkpathsea5
10928   libkrossui4 libmailtools-perl libmime-tools-perl
10929   libnews-nntpclient-perl libopenbabel3 libportaudio2 libpulse-browse0
10930   libservlet2.4-java libspeechd2 libtiff-tools libtimedate-perl
10931   libunistring0 liburi-perl libwww-perl libxalan2-java libxerces2-java
10932   lirc luatex marble networkstatus noatun-plugins
10933   openoffice.org-writer2latex palapeli palapeli-data parley
10934   parley-data poster psutils pulseaudio pulseaudio-esound-compat
10935   pulseaudio-module-x11 pulseaudio-utils quanta-data rocs rsync
10936   speech-dispatcher step svgalibg1 texlive-binaries texlive-luatex
10937   ttf-sazanami-gothic
10938 </p></blockquote>
10939
10940 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
10941
10942 <blockquote><p>
10943   amor artsbuilder atlantik atlantikdesigner blinken bluez-utils cvs
10944   dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop imlib-base imlib11 kalzium kanagram kandy
10945   kasteroids katomic kbackgammon kbattleship kblackbox kbounce kbruch
10946   kcron kdat kdemultimedia-kappfinder-data kdeprint kdict kdvi kedit
10947   keduca kenolaba kfax kfaxview kfouleggs kgeography kghostview
10948   kgoldrunner khangman khexedit kiconedit kig kimagemapeditor
10949   kitchensync kiten kjumpingcube klatin klettres klickety klines
10950   klinkstatus kmag kmahjongg kmailcvt kmenuedit kmid kmilo kmines
10951   kmousetool kmouth kmplot knetwalk kodo kolf kommander konquest kooka
10952   kpager kpat kpdf kpercentage kpilot kpoker kpovmodeler krec
10953   kregexpeditor kreversi ksame ksayit kshisen ksig ksim ksirc ksirtet
10954   ksmiletris ksnake ksokoban kspaceduel kstars ksvg ksysv kteatime
10955   ktip ktnef ktouch ktron kttsd ktuberling kturtle ktux kuickshow
10956   kverbos kview kviewshell kvoctrain kwifimanager kwin kwin4 kwordquiz
10957   kworldclock kxsldbg libakode2 libarts1-akode libarts1-audiofile
10958   libarts1-mpeglib libarts1-xine libavahi-compat-libdnssd1
10959   libavahi-core5 libavc1394-0 libbind9-50 libbluetooth2
10960   libboost-python1.34.1 libcucul0 libcurl3 libcvsservice0
10961   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdjvulibre21 libdvdread3 libfaad0 libfreebob0
10962   libgd2-noxpm libgraphviz4 libgsmme1c2a libgtkhtml2-0 libicu38
10963   libiec61883-0 libindex0 libisccc50 libisccfg50 libiw29
10964   libjaxp1.3-java-gcj libk3b3 libkcal2b libkcddb1 libkdeedu3
10965   libkdegames1 libkdepim1a libkgantt0 libkleopatra1 libkmime2
10966   libkpathsea4 libkpimexchange1 libkpimidentities1 libkscan1
10967   libksieve0 libktnef1 liblockdev1 libltdl3 liblwres50 libmagick10
10968   libmimelib1c2a libmodplug0c2 libmozjs1d libmpcdec3 libmpfr1ldbl
10969   libneon27 libnm-util0 libopensync0 libpisock9 libpoppler-glib3
10970   libpoppler-qt2 libpoppler3 libraw1394-8 librss1 libsensors3
10971   libsmbios2 libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90
10972   libtalloc1 libxalan2-java-gcj libxerces2-java-gcj libxtrap6 lskat
10973   mpeglib network-manager-kde noatun pmount tex-common texlive-base
10974   texlive-common texlive-doc-base texlive-fonts-recommended tidy
10975   ttf-dustin ttf-kochi-gothic ttf-sjfonts
10976 </p></blockquote>
10977
10978 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
10979
10980 <blockquote><p>
10981   dolphin kde-core kde-plasma-desktop kde-standard kde-window-manager
10982   kdeartwork kdebase kdebase-apps kdebase-workspace
10983   kdebase-workspace-bin kdebase-workspace-data kdeutils kscreensaver
10984   kscreensaver-xsavers libgle3 libkonq5 libkonq5-templates libnetpbm10
10985   netpbm plasma-widget-folderview plasma-widget-networkmanagement
10986   xscreensaver-data-extra xscreensaver-gl xscreensaver-gl-extra
10987   xscreensaver-screensaver-bsod
10988 </p></blockquote>
10989
10990 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
10991
10992 <blockquote><p>
10993   kdebase-bin konq-plugins konqueror
10994 </p></blockquote>
10995
10996       </div>
10997       <div class="tags">
10998
10999
11000         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
11001
11002
11003       </div>
11004     </div>
11005     <div class="padding"></div>
11006
11007     <div class="entry">
11008       <div class="title">
11009         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gnash_buildbot_slave_and_Debian_kfreebsd.html">Gnash buildbot slave and Debian kfreebsd</a>
11010       </div>
11011       <div class="date">
11012         20th November 2010
11013       </div>
11014       <div class="body">
11015         <p>Answering
11016 <a href="http://www.listware.net/201011/gnash-dev/67431-gnash-dev-buildbot-looking-for-slaves.html">the
11017 call from the Gnash project</a> for
11018 <a href="http://www.gnashdev.org:8010">buildbot</a> slaves to test the
11019 current source, I have set up a virtual KVM machine on the Debian
11020 Edu/Skolelinux virtualization host to test the git source on
11021 Debian/Squeeze.  I hope this can help the developers in getting new
11022 releases out more often.</p>
11023
11024 <p>As the developers want less main-stream build platforms tested to,
11025 I have considered setting up a <a
11026 href="http://www.debian.org/ports/kfreebsd-gnu/">Debian/kfreebsd</a>
11027 machine as well.  I have also considered using the kfreebsd
11028 architecture in Debian as a file server in NUUG to get access to the 5
11029 TB zfs volume we currently use to store DV video.  Because of this, I
11030 finally got around to do a test installation of Debian/Squeeze with
11031 kfreebsd.  Installation went fairly smooth, thought I noticed some
11032 visual glitches in the cdebconf dialogs (black cursor left on the
11033 screen at random locations).  Have not gotten very far with the
11034 testing.  Noticed cfdisk did not work, but fdisk did so it was not a
11035 fatal problem.  Have to spend some more time on it to see if it is
11036 useful as a file server for NUUG.  Will try to find time to set up a
11037 gnash buildbot slave on the Debian Edu/Skolelinux this weekend.</p>
11038
11039       </div>
11040       <div class="tags">
11041
11042
11043         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11044
11045
11046       </div>
11047     </div>
11048     <div class="padding"></div>
11049
11050     <div class="entry">
11051       <div class="title">
11052         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Making_room_on_the_Debian_Edu_Sqeeze_DVD.html">Making room on the Debian Edu/Sqeeze DVD</a>
11053       </div>
11054       <div class="date">
11055          7th November 2010
11056       </div>
11057       <div class="body">
11058         <p>Prioritising packages for the Debian Edu /
11059 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> DVD, which is
11060 supposed provide a school with all the services and user applications
11061 needed on the pupils computer network has always been hard.  Even
11062 schools without Internet connections should be able to get Debian Edu
11063 working using this DVD.</p>
11064
11065 <p>The job became a lot harder when apt and aptitude started
11066 installing recommended packages by default.  We want the same set of
11067 packages to be installed when using the DVD and the netinst CD, and
11068 that means all recommended packages need to be on the DVD.  I created
11069 a patch for debian-cd in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/601203">BTS
11070 report #601203</a> to do this, and since this change was applied to
11071 the Debian Edu DVD build, we have been seriously short on space.</p>
11072
11073 <p>A few days ago we decided to drop blender, wxmaxima and kicad from
11074 the default installation to save space on the DVD, believing that
11075 those needing these applications are few and can get them from the
11076 Debian archive.</p>
11077
11078 <p>Yesterday, I had a look what source packages to see which packages
11079 were using most space.  A few large packages are well know;
11080 openoffice.org, openclipart and fluid-soundfont.  But I also
11081 discovered that lilypond used 106 MiB and fglrx-driver used 53 MiB.
11082 The lilypond package is pulled in as a dependency for rosegarden, and
11083 when looking a bit closer I discovered that 99 MiB of the 106 MiB were
11084 the documentation package, which is recommended by the binary package.
11085 I decided to drop this documentation package from our DVD, as most of
11086 our users will use the GUI front-ends and do not need the lilypond
11087 documentation.  Similarly, I dropped the non-free fglrx-driver package
11088 which might be installed by d-i when its hardware is detected, as the
11089 free X driver should work.</p>
11090
11091 <p>With this change, we finally got space for the LXDE and Gnome
11092 desktop packages as well as the language specific packages making the
11093 DVD more useful again.</p>
11094
11095       </div>
11096       <div class="tags">
11097
11098
11099         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11100
11101
11102       </div>
11103     </div>
11104     <div class="padding"></div>
11105
11106     <div class="entry">
11107       <div class="title">
11108         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Software_updates_2010_10_24.html">Software updates 2010-10-24</a>
11109       </div>
11110       <div class="date">
11111         24th October 2010
11112       </div>
11113       <div class="body">
11114         <p>Some updates.</p>
11115
11116 <p>My <a href="http://pledgebank.com/gnash-avm2">gnash pledge</a> to
11117 raise money for the project is going well.  The lower limit of 10
11118 signers was reached in 24 hours, and so far 13 people have signed it.
11119 More signers and more funding is most welcome, and I am really curious
11120 how far we can get before the time limit of December 24 is reached.
11121 :)</p>
11122
11123 <p>On the #gnash IRC channel on irc.freenode.net, I was just tipped
11124 about what appear to be a great code coverage tool capable of
11125 generating code coverage stats without any changes to the source code.
11126 It is called
11127 <a href="http://simonkagstrom.github.com/kcov/index.html">kcov</a>,
11128 and can be used using <tt>kcov &lt;directory&gt; &lt;binary&gt;</tt>.
11129 It is missing in Debian, but the git source built just fine in Squeeze
11130 after I installed libelf-dev, libdwarf-dev, pkg-config and
11131 libglib2.0-dev.  Failed to build in Lenny, but suspect that is
11132 solvable.  I hope kcov make it into Debian soon.</p>
11133
11134 <p>Finally found time to wrap up the release notes for <a
11135 href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2010/10/msg00002.html">a
11136 new alpha release of Debian Edu</a>, and just published the second
11137 alpha test release of the Squeeze based Debian Edu /
11138 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>
11139 release.  Give it a try if you need a complete linux solution for your
11140 school, including central infrastructure server, workstations, thin
11141 client servers and diskless workstations.  A nice touch added
11142 yesterday is RDP support on the thin client servers, for windows
11143 clients to get a Linux desktop on request.</p>
11144
11145       </div>
11146       <div class="tags">
11147
11148
11149         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>.
11150
11151
11152       </div>
11153     </div>
11154     <div class="padding"></div>
11155
11156     <div class="entry">
11157       <div class="title">
11158         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Some_notes_on_Flash_in_Debian_and_Debian_Edu.html">Some notes on Flash in Debian and Debian Edu</a>
11159       </div>
11160       <div class="date">
11161          4th September 2010
11162       </div>
11163       <div class="body">
11164         <p>In the <a href="http://popcon.debian.org/unknown/by_vote">Debian
11165 popularity-contest numbers</a>, the adobe-flashplugin package the
11166 second most popular used package that is missing in Debian.  The sixth
11167 most popular is flashplayer-mozilla.  This is a clear indication that
11168 working flash is important for Debian users.  Around 10 percent of the
11169 users submitting data to popcon.debian.org have this package
11170 installed.</p>
11171
11172 <p>In the report written by Lars Risan in August 2008
11173 («<a href="http://wiki.skolelinux.no/Dokumentasjon/Rapporter?action=AttachFile&do=view&target=Skolelinux_i_bruk_rapport_1.0.pdf">Skolelinux
11174 i bruk – Rapport for Hurum kommune, Universitetet i Agder og
11175 stiftelsen SLX Debian Labs</a>»), one of the most important problems
11176 schools experienced with <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian
11177 Edu/Skolelinux</a> was the lack of working Flash.  A lot of educational
11178 web sites require Flash to work, and lacking working Flash support in
11179 the web browser and the problems with installing it was perceived as a
11180 good reason to stay with Windows.</p>
11181
11182 <p>I once saw a funny and sad comment in a web forum, where Linux was
11183 said to be the retarded cousin that did not really understand
11184 everything you told him but could work fairly well.  This was a
11185 comment regarding the problems Linux have with proprietary formats and
11186 non-standard web pages, and is sad because it exposes a fairly common
11187 understanding of whose fault it is if web pages that only work in for
11188 example Internet Explorer 6 fail to work on Firefox, and funny because
11189 it explain very well how annoying it is for users when Linux
11190 distributions do not work with the documents they receive or the web
11191 pages they want to visit.</p>
11192
11193 <p>This is part of the reason why I believe it is important for Debian
11194 and Debian Edu to have a well working Flash implementation in the
11195 distribution, to get at least popular sites as Youtube and Google
11196 Video to working out of the box.  For Squeeze, Debian have the chance
11197 to include the latest version of Gnash that will make this happen, as
11198 the new release 0.8.8 was published a few weeks ago and is resting in
11199 unstable.  The new version work with more sites that version 0.8.7.
11200 The Gnash maintainers have asked for a freeze exception, but the
11201 release team have not had time to reply to it yet.  I hope they agree
11202 with me that Flash is important for the Debian desktop users, and thus
11203 accept the new package into Squeeze.</p>
11204
11205       </div>
11206       <div class="tags">
11207
11208
11209         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
11210
11211
11212       </div>
11213     </div>
11214     <div class="padding"></div>
11215
11216     <div class="entry">
11217       <div class="title">
11218         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_hard_link_handling_with_sshfs.html">Broken hard link handling with sshfs</a>
11219       </div>
11220       <div class="date">
11221         30th August 2010
11222       </div>
11223       <div class="body">
11224         <p>Just got an email from Tobias Gruetzmacher as a followup on my
11225 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_umask_handling_with_sshfs.html">previous
11226 post about sshfs</a>.  He reported another problem with sshfs.  It
11227 fail to handle hard links properly.  A simple way to spot this is to
11228 look at the . and .. entries in the directory tree.  These should have
11229 a link count >1, but on sshfs the count is 1.  I just tested to see
11230 what happen when trying to hardlink, and this fail as well:</p>
11231
11232 <pre>
11233 % ln foo bar
11234 ln: creating hard link `bar' => `foo': Function not implemented
11235 %
11236 </pre>
11237
11238 <p>I have not yet found time to implement a test for this in my file
11239 system test code, but believe having working hard links is useful to
11240 avoid surprised unix programs.  Not as useful as working file locking
11241 and symlinks, which are required to get a working desktop, but useful
11242 nevertheless. :)</p>
11243
11244 <p>The latest version of the file system test code is available via
11245 git from
11246 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a></p>
11247
11248       </div>
11249       <div class="tags">
11250
11251
11252         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11253
11254
11255       </div>
11256     </div>
11257     <div class="padding"></div>
11258
11259     <div class="entry">
11260       <div class="title">
11261         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_i_Osloskolen.html">Skolelinux i Osloskolen</a>
11262       </div>
11263       <div class="date">
11264         26th August 2010
11265       </div>
11266       <div class="body">
11267         <p>Denne høsten skal endelig alle Osloskolene få mulighet til å bruke
11268 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>.  Ny IT-løsning
11269 har vært rullet ut i noen måneder nå, og så vidt jeg fikk vite før
11270 sommeren skulle alle skoler ha nytt opplegg på plass før oppstart nå i
11271 høst.  På alle skolene skal en kunne velge ved installasjon om en skal
11272 ha Windows eller Skolelinux på maskinene, og en kan i tillegg
11273 PXE-boote maskinene over nett som tynne klienter eller diskløse
11274 arbeidsstasjoner. Jeg er spent på hvor mange skoler som velger å ta i
11275 bruk Skolelinux, og gleder meg til å se hvordan dette utvikler seg.
11276 Løsningen leveres av
11277 <a href="http://www.logica.no/">Logica</a> med
11278 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a> som
11279 underleverandør, og jeg har vært involvert i utviklingen av løsningen
11280 via Skolelinux Drift AS siden prosjektet starter.  Jeg synes det er
11281 fantastisk at Skolelinux er kommet så langt siden vi startet i 2001 at
11282 alle elevene i Osloskolene nå skal få mulighet til å bruke
11283 løsningen.  Jeg håper de vil sette pris på alle de
11284 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.no/linux-signpost/">fantastiske
11285 brukerprogrammene</a> som er tilgjengelig i Skolelinux.</p>
11286
11287       </div>
11288       <div class="tags">
11289
11290
11291         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
11292
11293
11294       </div>
11295     </div>
11296     <div class="padding"></div>
11297
11298     <div class="entry">
11299       <div class="title">
11300         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_umask_handling_with_sshfs.html">Broken umask handling with sshfs</a>
11301       </div>
11302       <div class="date">
11303         26th August 2010
11304       </div>
11305       <div class="body">
11306         <p>My file system sematics program
11307 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Testing_if_a_file_system_can_be_used_for_home_directories___.html">presented
11308 a few days ago</a> is very useful to verify that a file system can
11309 work as a unix home directory,and today I had to extend it a bit.  I'm
11310 looking into alternatives for home directory access here at the
11311 University of Oslo, and one of the options is sshfs.  My friend
11312 Finn-Arne mentioned a while back that they had used sshfs with Debian
11313 Edu, but stopped because of problems.  I asked today what the problems
11314 where, and he mentioned that sshfs failed to handle umask properly.
11315 Trying to detect the problem I wrote this addition to my fs testing
11316 script:</p>
11317
11318 <pre>
11319 mode_t touch_get_mode(const char *name, mode_t mode) {
11320   mode_t retval = 0;
11321   int fd = open(name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_LARGEFILE, mode);
11322   if (-1 != fd) {
11323     unlink(name);
11324     struct stat statbuf;
11325     if (-1 != fstat(fd, &statbuf)) {
11326       retval = statbuf.st_mode & 0x1ff;
11327     }
11328     close(fd);
11329   }
11330   return retval;
11331 }
11332
11333 /* Try to detect problem discovered using sshfs */
11334 int test_umask(void) {
11335   printf("info: testing umask effect on file creation\n");
11336
11337   mode_t orig_umask = umask(000);
11338   mode_t newmode;
11339   if (0666 != (newmode = touch_get_mode("foobar", 0666))) {
11340     printf("  error: Wrong file mode %o when creating using mode 666 and umask 000\n",
11341            newmode);
11342   }
11343   umask(007);
11344   if (0660 != (newmode = touch_get_mode("foobar", 0666))) {
11345     printf("  error: Wrong file mode %o when creating using mode 666 and umask 007\n",
11346            newmode);
11347   }
11348
11349   umask (orig_umask);
11350   return 0;
11351 }
11352
11353 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
11354   [...]
11355   test_umask();
11356   return 0;
11357 }
11358 </pre>
11359
11360 <p>Sure enough.  On NFS to a netapp, I get this result:</p>
11361
11362 <pre>
11363 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
11364 info: testing symlink creation
11365 info: testing subdirectory creation
11366 info: testing fcntl locking
11367   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
11368   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
11369   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
11370   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
11371   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
11372   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
11373 info: testing umask effect on file creation
11374 </pre>
11375
11376 <p>When mounting the same directory using sshfs, I get this
11377 result:</p>
11378
11379 <pre>
11380 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
11381 info: testing symlink creation
11382 info: testing subdirectory creation
11383 info: testing fcntl locking
11384   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
11385   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
11386   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
11387   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
11388   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
11389   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
11390 info: testing umask effect on file creation
11391   error: Wrong file mode 644 when creating using mode 666 and umask 000
11392   error: Wrong file mode 640 when creating using mode 666 and umask 007
11393 </pre>
11394
11395 <p>So, I can conclude that sshfs is better than smb to a Netapp or a
11396 Windows server, but not good enough to be used as a home
11397 directory.</p>
11398
11399 <p>Update 2010-08-26: Reported the issue in
11400 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/594498">BTS report #594498</a></p>
11401
11402 <p>Update 2010-08-27: Michael Gebetsroither report that he found the
11403 script so useful that he created a GIT repository and stored it in
11404 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a>.</p>
11405
11406       </div>
11407       <div class="tags">
11408
11409
11410         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11411
11412
11413       </div>
11414     </div>
11415     <div class="padding"></div>
11416
11417     <div class="entry">
11418       <div class="title">
11419         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/No_hardcoded_config_on_Debian_Edu_clients.html">No hardcoded config on Debian Edu clients</a>
11420       </div>
11421       <div class="date">
11422          9th August 2010
11423       </div>
11424       <div class="body">
11425         <p>As reported earlier, the last few days I have looked at how Debian
11426 Edu clients are configured, and tried to get rid of all hardcoded
11427 configuration settings on the clients.  I believe the work to be
11428 mostly done, and the clients seem to work just fine with dynamically
11429 generated configuration.</p>
11430
11431 <p>What is the point, you might ask?  The point is to allow a Debian
11432 Edu desktop to integrate into an existing network infrastructure
11433 without any manual configuration.</p>
11434
11435 <p>This is what happens when installing a Debian Edu client here at
11436 the University of Oslo using PXE.  With the PXE installation, I am
11437 asked for language (Norwegian Bokmål), locality (Norway) and keyboard
11438 layout (no-latin1), Debian Edu profile (Roaming Workstation), if I
11439 accept to reformat the hard drive (yes), if I want to submit info to
11440 popcon.debian.org (no) and root password (secret).  After answering
11441 these questions, the installer goes ahead and does its thing, and
11442 after around 50 minutes it is done.  I press enter to finish the
11443 installation, and the machine reboots into KDE.  When the machine is
11444 ready and kdm asks for login information, I enter my university
11445 username and password, am told by kdm that a local home directory has
11446 been created and that I must log in again, and finally log in with the
11447 same username and password to the KDE 4.4 desktop.  At no point during
11448 this process did it ask for university specific settings, and all the
11449 required configuration was dynamically detected using information
11450 fetched via DHCP and DNS.  The roaming workstation is now ready for
11451 use.</p>
11452
11453 <p>How was this done, you might wonder?  First of all, here is the
11454 list of things that need to be configured on the client to get it
11455 working properly out of the box:</p>
11456
11457 <ul>
11458 <li>IP address/netmask and DNS server.</li>
11459 <li>Web proxy URL.</li>
11460 <li>LDAP server for NSS directory information (user, group, etc).</li>
11461 <li>Kerberos server for PAM password checking.</li>
11462 <li>SMB mount point to access the network home directory. (*)</li>
11463 <li>Central syslog server to send syslog messages to. (*)</li>
11464 <li>Sitesummary collector URL to submit info to central server. (*)</li>
11465 </ul>
11466
11467 <p>(Hm, did I forget anything?  Let me knew if I did.)</p>
11468
11469 <p>The points marked (*) are not required to be able to use the
11470 machine, but needed to provide central storage and allowing system
11471 administrators to track their machines.  Since yesterday, everything
11472 but the sitesummary collector URL is dynamically discovered at boot
11473 and installation time in the svn version of Debian Edu.</p>
11474
11475 <p>The IP and DNS setup is fetched during boot using DHCP as usual.
11476 When a DHCP update arrives, the proxy setup is updated by looking for
11477 http://wpat/wpad.dat and using the content of this WPAD file to
11478 configure the http and ftp proxy in /etc/environment and
11479 /etc/apt/apt.conf.  I decided to update the proxy setup using a DHCP
11480 hook to ensure that the client stops using the Debian Edu proxy when
11481 it is moved outside the Debian Edu network, and instead uses any local
11482 proxy present on the new network when it moves around.</p>
11483
11484 <p>The DNS names of the LDAP, Kerberos and syslog server and related
11485 configuration are generated using DNS information at boot.  First the
11486 installer looks for a host named ldap in the current DNS domain.  If
11487 not found, it looks for _ldap._tcp SRV records in DNS instead.  If an
11488 LDAP server is found, its root DSE entry is requested and the
11489 attributes namingContexts and defaultNamingContext are used to
11490 determine which LDAP base to use for NSS.  If there are several
11491 namingContexts attibutes and the defaultNamingContext is present, that
11492 LDAP subtree is used as the base.  If defaultNamingContext is missing,
11493 the subtrees listed as namingContexts are searched in sequence for any
11494 object with class posixAccount or posixGroup, and the first one with
11495 such an object is used as the LDAP base.  For Kerberos, a similar
11496 search is done by first looking for a host named kerberos, and then
11497 for the _kerberos._tcp SRV record.  I've been unable to find a way to
11498 look up the Kerberos realm, so for this the upper case string of the
11499 current DNS domain is used.</p>
11500
11501 <p>For the syslog server, the hosts syslog and loghost are searched
11502 for, and the _syslog._udp SRV record is consulted if no such host is
11503 found.  This algorithm works for both Debian Edu and the University of
11504 Oslo.  A similar strategy would work for locating the sitesummary
11505 server, but have not been implemented yet.  I decided to fetch and
11506 save these settings during installation, to make sure moving to a
11507 different network does not change the set of users being allowed to
11508 log in nor the passwords required to log in.  Usernames and passwords
11509 will be cached by sssd when the user logs in on the Debian Edu
11510 network, and will not change as the laptop move around.  For a
11511 non-roaming machine, there is no caching, but given that it is
11512 supposed to stay in place it should not matter much.  Perhaps we
11513 should switch those to use sssd too?</p>
11514
11515 <p>The user's SMB mount point for the network home directory is
11516 located when the user logs in for the first time.  The LDAP server is
11517 consulted to look for the user's LDAP object and the sambaHomePath
11518 attribute is used if found.  If it isn't found, the home directory
11519 path fetched from NSS is used instead.  Assuming the path is of the
11520 form /site/server/directory/username, the second part is looked up in
11521 DNS and used to generate a SMB URL of the form
11522 smb://server.domain/username.  This algorithm works for both Debian
11523 edu and the University of Oslo.  Perhaps there are better attributes
11524 to use or a better algorithm that works for more sites, but this will
11525 do for now. :)</p>
11526
11527 <p>This work should make it easier to integrate the Debian Edu clients
11528 into any LDAP/Kerberos infrastructure, and make the current setup even
11529 more flexible than before.  I suspect it will also work for thin
11530 client servers, allowing one to easily set up LTSP and hook it into a
11531 existing network infrastructure, but I have not had time to test this
11532 yet.</p>
11533
11534 <p>If you want to help out with implementing these things for Debian
11535 Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11536
11537 <p>Update 2010-08-09: Simon Farnsworth gave me a heads-up on how to
11538 detect Kerberos realm from DNS, by looking for _kerberos TXT entries
11539 before falling back to the upper case DNS domain name.  Will have to
11540 implement it for Debian Edu. :)</p>
11541
11542       </div>
11543       <div class="tags">
11544
11545
11546         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11547
11548
11549       </div>
11550     </div>
11551     <div class="padding"></div>
11552
11553     <div class="entry">
11554       <div class="title">
11555         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Testing_if_a_file_system_can_be_used_for_home_directories___.html">Testing if a file system can be used for home directories...</a>
11556       </div>
11557       <div class="date">
11558          8th August 2010
11559       </div>
11560       <div class="body">
11561         <p>A few years ago, I was involved in a project planning to use
11562 Windows file servers as home directory servers for Debian
11563 Edu/Skolelinux machines.  This was thought to be no problem, as the
11564 access would be through the SMB network file system protocol, and we
11565 knew other sites used SMB with unix and samba as the file server to
11566 mount home directories without any problems.  But, after months of
11567 struggling, we had to conclude that our goal was impossible.</p>
11568
11569 <p>The reason is simply that while SMB can be used for home
11570 directories when the file server is Samba running on Unix, this only
11571 work because of Samba have some extensions and the fact that the
11572 underlying file system is a unix file system.  When using a Windows
11573 file server, the underlying file system do not have POSIX semantics,
11574 and several programs will fail if the users home directory where they
11575 want to store their configuration lack POSIX semantics.</p>
11576
11577 <p>As part of this work, I wrote a small C program I want to share
11578 with you all, to replicate a few of the problematic applications (like
11579 OpenOffice.org and GCompris) and see if the file system was working as
11580 it should.  If you find yourself in spooky file system land, it might
11581 help you find your way out again.  This is the fs-test.c source:</p>
11582
11583 <pre>
11584 /*
11585  * Some tests to check the file system sematics.  Used to verify that
11586  * CIFS from a windows server do not work properly as a linux home
11587  * directory.
11588  * License: GPL v2 or later
11589  *
11590  * needs libsqlite3-dev and build-essential installed
11591  * compile with: gcc -Wall -lsqlite3 -DTEST_SQLITE fs-test.c -o fs-test
11592 */
11593
11594 #define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS 64
11595 #define _LARGEFILE_SOURCE 1
11596 #define _LARGEFILE64_SOURCE 1
11597
11598 #define _GNU_SOURCE /* for asprintf() */
11599
11600 #include &lt;errno.h>
11601 #include &lt;fcntl.h>
11602 #include &lt;stdio.h>
11603 #include &lt;string.h>
11604 #include &lt;stdlib.h>
11605 #include &lt;sys/file.h>
11606 #include &lt;sys/stat.h>
11607 #include &lt;sys/types.h>
11608 #include &lt;unistd.h>
11609
11610 #ifdef TEST_SQLITE
11611 /*
11612  * Test sqlite open, as done by gcompris require the libsqlite3-dev
11613  * package and linking with -lsqlite3.  A more low level test is
11614  * below.
11615  * See also &lt;URL: http://www.sqlite.org./faq.html#q5 >.
11616  */
11617 #include &lt;sqlite3.h>
11618 #define CREATE_TABLE_USERS                                              \
11619   "CREATE TABLE users (user_id INT UNIQUE, login TEXT, lastname TEXT, firstname TEXT, birthdate TEXT, class_id INT ); "
11620 int test_sqlite_open(void) {
11621   char *zErrMsg;
11622   char *name = "testsqlite.db";
11623   sqlite3 *db=NULL;
11624   unlink(name);
11625   int rc = sqlite3_open(name, &db);
11626   if( rc ){
11627     printf("error: sqlite open of %s failed: %s\n", name, sqlite3_errmsg(db));
11628     sqlite3_close(db);
11629     return -1;
11630   }
11631
11632   /* create tables */
11633   rc = sqlite3_exec(db,CREATE_TABLE_USERS, NULL,  0, &zErrMsg);
11634   if( rc != SQLITE_OK ){
11635     printf("error: sqlite table create failed: %s\n", zErrMsg);
11636     sqlite3_close(db);
11637     return -1;
11638   }
11639   printf("info: sqlite worked\n");
11640   sqlite3_close(db);
11641   return 0;
11642 }
11643 #endif /* TEST_SQLITE */
11644
11645 /*
11646  * Demonstrate locking issue found in gcompris using sqlite3.  This
11647  * work with ext3, but not with cifs server on Windows 2003.  This is
11648  * done in the sqlite3 library.
11649  * See also
11650  * &lt;URL:http://www.cygwin.com/ml/cygwin/2001-08/msg00854.html> and the
11651  * POSIX specification
11652  * &lt;URL:http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/fcntl.html>.
11653  */
11654 int test_gcompris_locking(void) {
11655   struct flock fl;
11656   char *name = "testsqlite.db";
11657   unlink(name);
11658   int fd = open(name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_LARGEFILE, 0644);
11659   printf("info: testing fcntl locking\n");
11660
11661   fl.l_whence = SEEK_SET;
11662   fl.l_pid    = getpid();
11663   printf("  Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824");
11664   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
11665   fl.l_len    = 1;
11666   fl.l_type   = F_RDLCK;
11667   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
11668
11669   printf("  Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826");
11670   fl.l_start  = 1073741826;
11671   fl.l_len    = 510;
11672   fl.l_type   = F_RDLCK;
11673   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
11674
11675   printf("  Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824");
11676   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
11677   fl.l_len    = 1;
11678   fl.l_type   = F_UNLCK;
11679   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
11680
11681   printf("  Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824");
11682   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
11683   fl.l_len    = 1;
11684   fl.l_type   = F_WRLCK;
11685   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
11686
11687   printf("  Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826");
11688   fl.l_start  = 1073741826;
11689   fl.l_len    = 510;
11690   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
11691
11692   printf("  Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824");
11693   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
11694   fl.l_len    = 2;
11695   fl.l_type   = F_UNLCK;
11696   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
11697
11698   close(fd);
11699   return 0;
11700 }
11701
11702 /*
11703  * Test if permissions of freshly created directories allow entries
11704  * below them.  This was a problem with OpenOffice.org and gcompris.
11705  * Mounting with option 'sync' seem to solve this problem while
11706  * slowing down file operations.
11707  */
11708 int test_subdirectory_creation(void) {
11709 #define LEVELS 5
11710   char *path = strdup("test");
11711   char *dirs[LEVELS];
11712   int level;
11713   printf("info: testing subdirectory creation\n");
11714   for (level = 0; level &lt; LEVELS; level++) {
11715     char *newpath = NULL;
11716     if (-1 == mkdir(path, 0777)) {
11717       printf("  error: Unable to create directory '%s': %s\n",
11718              path, strerror(errno));
11719       break;
11720     }
11721     asprintf(&newpath, "%s/%s", path, "test");
11722     free(path);
11723     path = newpath;
11724   }
11725   return 0;
11726 }
11727
11728 /*
11729  * Test if symlinks can be created.  This was a problem detected with
11730  * KDE.
11731  */
11732 int test_symlinks(void) {
11733   printf("info: testing symlink creation\n");
11734   unlink("symlink");
11735   if (-1 == symlink("file", "symlink"))
11736     printf("  error: Unable to create symlink\n");
11737   return 0;
11738 }
11739
11740 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
11741   printf("Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system\n");
11742   test_symlinks();
11743   test_subdirectory_creation();
11744 #ifdef TEST_SQLITE
11745   test_sqlite_open();
11746 #endif /* TEST_SQLITE */
11747   test_gcompris_locking();
11748   return 0;
11749 }
11750 </pre>
11751
11752 <p>When everything is working, it should print something like
11753 this:</p>
11754
11755 <pre>
11756 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
11757 info: testing symlink creation
11758 info: testing subdirectory creation
11759 info: sqlite worked
11760 info: testing fcntl locking
11761   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
11762   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
11763   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
11764   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
11765   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
11766   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
11767 </pre>
11768
11769 <p>I do not remember the exact details of the problems we saw, but one
11770 of them was with locking, where if I remember correctly, POSIX allow a
11771 read-only lock to be upgraded to a read-write lock without unlocking
11772 the read-only lock (while Windows do not).  Another was a bug in the
11773 CIFS/SMB client implementation in the Linux kernel where directory
11774 meta information would be wrong for a fraction of a second, making
11775 OpenOffice.org fail to create its deep directory tree because it was
11776 not allowed to create files in its freshly created directory.</p>
11777
11778 <p>Anyway, here is a nice tool for your tool box, might you never need
11779 it. :)</p>
11780
11781 <p>Update 2010-08-27: Michael Gebetsroither report that he found the
11782 script so useful that he created a GIT repository and stored it in
11783 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a>.</p>
11784
11785       </div>
11786       <div class="tags">
11787
11788
11789         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11790
11791
11792       </div>
11793     </div>
11794     <div class="padding"></div>
11795
11796     <div class="entry">
11797       <div class="title">
11798         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Autodetecting_Client_setup_for_roaming_workstations_in_Debian_Edu.html">Autodetecting Client setup for roaming workstations in Debian Edu</a>
11799       </div>
11800       <div class="date">
11801          7th August 2010
11802       </div>
11803       <div class="body">
11804         <p>A few days ago, I
11805 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_roaming_workstation___at_the_university_of_Oslo.html">tried
11806 to install</a> a Roaming workation profile from Debian Edu/Squeeze
11807 while on the university network here at the University of Oslo, and
11808 noticed how much had to change to get it operational using the
11809 university infrastructure.  It was fairly easy, but it occured to me
11810 that Debian Edu would improve a lot if I could get the client to
11811 connect without any changes at all, and thus let the client configure
11812 itself during installation and first boot to use the infrastructure
11813 around it.  Now I am a huge step further along that road.</p>
11814
11815 <p>With our current squeeze-test packages, I can select the roaming
11816 workstation profile and get a working laptop connecting to the
11817 university LDAP server for user and group and our active directory
11818 servers for Kerberos authentication.  All this without any
11819 configuration at all during installation.  My users home directory got
11820 a bookmark in the KDE menu to mount it via SMB, with the correct URL.
11821 In short, openldap and sssd is correctly configured.  In addition to
11822 this, the client look for http://wpad/wpad.dat to configure a web
11823 proxy, and when it fail to find it no proxy settings are stored in
11824 /etc/environment and /etc/apt/apt.conf.  Iceweasel and KDE is
11825 configured to look for the same wpad configuration and also do not use
11826 a proxy when at the university network.  If the machine is moved to a
11827 network with such wpad setup, it would automatically use it when DHCP
11828 gave it a IP address.</p>
11829
11830 <p>The LDAP server is located using DNS, by first looking for the DNS
11831 entry ldap.$domain.  If this do not exist, it look for the
11832 _ldap._tcp.$domain SRV records and use the first one as the LDAP
11833 server.  Next, it connects to the LDAP server and search all
11834 namingContexts entries for posixAccount or posixGroup objects, and
11835 pick the first one as the LDAP base.  For Kerberos, a similar
11836 algorithm is used to locate the LDAP server, and the realm is the
11837 uppercase version of $domain.</p>
11838
11839 <p>So, what is not working, you might ask.  SMB mounting my home
11840 directory do not work.  No idea why, but suspected the incorrect
11841 Kerberos settings in /etc/krb5.conf and /etc/samba/smb.conf might be
11842 the cause.  These are not properly configured during installation, and
11843 had to be hand-edited to get the correct Kerberos realm and server,
11844 but SMB mounting still do not work. :(</p>
11845
11846 <p>With this automatic configuration in place, I expect a Debian Edu
11847 roaming profile installation would be able to automatically detect and
11848 connect to any site using LDAP and Kerberos for NSS directory and PAM
11849 authentication.  It should also work out of the box in a Active
11850 Directory environment providing posixAccount and posixGroup objects
11851 with UID and GID values.</p>
11852
11853 <p>If you want to help out with implementing these things for Debian
11854 Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11855
11856       </div>
11857       <div class="tags">
11858
11859
11860         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11861
11862
11863       </div>
11864     </div>
11865     <div class="padding"></div>
11866
11867     <div class="entry">
11868       <div class="title">
11869         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_roaming_workstation___at_the_university_of_Oslo.html">Debian Edu roaming workstation - at the university of Oslo</a>
11870       </div>
11871       <div class="date">
11872          3rd August 2010
11873       </div>
11874       <div class="body">
11875         <p>The new roaming workstation profile in Debian Edu/Squeeze is fairly
11876 similar to the laptop setup am I working on using Ubuntu for the
11877 University of Oslo, and just for the heck of it, I tested today how
11878 hard it would be to integrate that profile into the university
11879 infrastructure.  In this case, it is the university LDAP server,
11880 Active Directory Kerberos server and SMB mounting from the Netapp file
11881 servers.</p>
11882
11883 <p>I was pleasantly surprised that the only three files needed to be
11884 changed (/etc/sssd/sssd.conf, /etc/ldap.conf and
11885 /etc/mklocaluser.d/20-debian-edu-config) and one file had to be added
11886 (/usr/share/perl5/Debian/Edu_Local.pm), to get the client working.
11887 Most of the changes were to get the client to use the university LDAP
11888 for NSS and Kerberos server for PAM, but one was to change a hard
11889 coded DNS domain name in the mklocaluser hook from .intern to
11890 .uio.no.</p>
11891
11892 <p>This testing was so encouraging, that I went ahead and adjusted the
11893 Debian Edu scripts and setup in subversion to centralise the roaming
11894 workstation setup a bit more and avoid the hardcoded DNS domain name,
11895 so that when I test this tomorrow, I expect to get away with modifying
11896 only /etc/sssd/sssd.conf and /etc/ldap.conf to get it to use the
11897 university servers.</p>
11898
11899 <p>My goal is to get the clients to have no hardcoded settings and
11900 fetch all their initial setup during installation and first boot, to
11901 allow them to be inserted also into environments where the default
11902 setup in Debian Edu has been changed or as with the university, where
11903 the environment is different but provides the protocols Debian Edu
11904 uses.</p>
11905
11906       </div>
11907       <div class="tags">
11908
11909
11910         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11911
11912
11913       </div>
11914     </div>
11915     <div class="padding"></div>
11916
11917     <div class="entry">
11918       <div class="title">
11919         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Debian_Edu_test_release__alpha0__based_on_Squeeze_is_released.html">First Debian Edu test release (alpha0) based on Squeeze is released</a>
11920       </div>
11921       <div class="date">
11922         27th July 2010
11923       </div>
11924       <div class="body">
11925         <p>I just posted this announcement culminating several months of work
11926 with the next Debian Edu release.  Not nearly done, but one major step
11927 completed.</p>
11928
11929 <blockquote>
11930 <p>This is the first test release based on Squeeze. The focus of this
11931 release is to test the user application selection. To have a look,
11932 install the standalone profile and let the developers know if the set
11933 of installed packages i.e. applications should be modified. If some
11934 user application is missing, or if there are some applications that no
11935 longer make sense to be included in Debian Edu, please let us know.
11936 Also, if a useful application is missing the translation for your
11937 language of choice, please let us know too.</p>
11938
11939 <p>In addition, feedback and help to polish the desktop (menus,
11940 artwork, starters, etc.) is appreciated. We would like to ship a nice
11941 and handy KDE4 desktop targeted for schools out of the box.</p>
11942
11943 <p>The other profiles should be installable, but there is a lot more
11944 work left to be done before they are ready, so do not expect to
11945 much.</p>
11946
11947 <p>Changes compared to the lenny based version</p>
11948
11949 <ul>
11950 <li>Everything from Debian Squeeze
11951 <ul>
11952   <li>Desktop environment KDE 4.4 => the new KDE desktop in
11953          combination with some new artwork
11954   <li>Web browser Iceweasel 3.5
11955   <li>OpenOffice.org 3.2
11956   <li>Educational toolbox GCompris 9.3
11957   <li>Music creator Rosegarden 10.04.2
11958   <li>Image editor Gimp 2.6.10
11959   <li>Virtual universe Celestia 1.6.0
11960   <li>Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.10.4
11961   <li>3D modeler Blender 2.49.2 (new application)
11962   <li>Video editor Kdenlive 0.7.7 (new application)
11963 </ul></li>
11964 <li>Now using Kerberos for password checking (migration not finished).
11965     Enabled for:
11966 <ul>
11967   <li>PAM
11968   <li>LDAP
11969   <li>IMAP
11970   <li>SMTP (sender verification)
11971 </ul>
11972 </li>
11973 <li>New experimental roaming workstation profile for laptops.</li>
11974 <li>Show welcome page to users when they first log in. The URL is
11975     fetched from LDAP.</li>
11976 <li>New LXDE desktop option, in addition to KDE (default) and Gnome.</li>
11977 <li>General cleanup (not finished)</li>
11978 </ul>
11979 <p>The following features are not working as they should</p>
11980
11981 <ul>
11982 <li>No web based administration tool for creating users and groups. The
11983     scripts ldap-createuser-krb and ldap-add-user-to-group can be used
11984     for testing.</li>
11985 <li>DVD installs are missing debian-installer images for the PXE boot,
11986     and do not set up the PXE menu on eth0 because of this. LTSP
11987     clients should still boot from eth1 on thin client servers.</li>
11988 <li>The restructured KDE menu is not implemented.</li>
11989 <li>The LDAP server setup need to be reviewed for security.</li>
11990 <li>The LDAP directory structure need to be reworked.</li>
11991 <li>Different sets of packages are installed when using the DVD and the
11992     netinst CD. More packages are installed using the netinst CD.</li>
11993 <li>The jackd package fail to install. This is believed to be caused by
11994     some ongoing transition, and hopefully should be solved soon. The
11995     jackd1 package can be installed manually for those that need it.</li>
11996 <li>Some packages lack translations. See
11997     http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Squeeze for updated status,
11998     and help out with translations.</li>
11999 </ul>
12000
12001 <p>To download this multiarch netinstall release you can use</p>
12002
12003 <ul>
12004 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</a></li>
12005 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</a></li>
12006 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
12007 </ul>
12008 <p>To download this multiarch dvd release you can use</p>
12009
12010 <ul>
12011 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</a></li>
12012 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</a></li>
12013 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
12014 </ul>
12015
12016 <p>There is no source DVD available yet. It will be prepared when we
12017 get closer to the final release.</p>
12018
12019 <p>The MD5SUM of these images are</p>
12020
12021 <ul>
12022 <li>3dbf45d59f42a53518b6e3c9ec3b5eb6 debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
12023 <li>22f2cbfce281d1c6e478be452638675d debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
12024 </ul>
12025
12026 <p>The SHA1SUM of these images are</p>
12027 <ul>
12028 <li>c53d1b69b40cf37cd27aefaf33f6f6a3821bedf0 debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
12029 <li>2ec29d7db676d59d32197b05c277ffe16348376c debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
12030 </ul>
12031 <p>How to report bugs:
12032 http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugsInBugzilla</p>
12033
12034 <p>Please direct replies to debian-edu@lists.debian.org</p>
12035 </blockquote>
12036
12037       </div>
12038       <div class="tags">
12039
12040
12041         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12042
12043
12044       </div>
12045     </div>
12046     <div class="padding"></div>
12047
12048     <div class="entry">
12049       <div class="title">
12050         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/One_step_closer_to_single_signon_in_Debian_Edu.html">One step closer to single signon in Debian Edu</a>
12051       </div>
12052       <div class="date">
12053         25th July 2010
12054       </div>
12055       <div class="body">
12056         <p>The last few months me and the other Debian Edu developers have
12057 been working hard to get the Debian/Squeeze based version of Debian
12058 Edu/Skolelinux into shape.  This future version will use Kerberos for
12059 authentication, and services are slowly migrated to single signon,
12060 getting rid of password questions one at the time.</p>
12061
12062 <p>It will also feature a roaming workstation profile with local home
12063 directory, for laptops that are only some times on the Skolelinux
12064 network, and for this profile a shortcut is created in Gnome and KDE
12065 to gain access to the users home directory on the file server.  This
12066 shortcut uses SMB at the moment, and yesterday I had time to test if
12067 SMB mounting had started working in KDE after we added the cifs-utils
12068 package.  I was pleasantly surprised how well it worked.</p>
12069
12070 <p>Thanks to the recent changes to our samba configuration to get it
12071 to use Kerberos for authentication, there were no question about user
12072 password when mounting the SMB volume.  A simple click on the shortcut
12073 in the KDE menu, and a window with the home directory popped
12074 up. :)</p>
12075
12076 <p>One step closer to a single signon solution out of the box in
12077 Debian Edu.  We already had PAM, LDAP, IMAP and SMTP in place, and now
12078 also Samba.  Next step is Cups and hopefully also NFS.</p>
12079
12080 <p>We had planned a alpha0 release of Debian Edu for today, but thanks
12081 to the autobuilder administrators for some architectures being slow to
12082 sign packages, we are still missing the fixed LTSP package we need for
12083 the release.  It was uploaded three days ago with urgency=high, and if
12084 it had entered testing yesterday we would have been able to test it in
12085 time for a alpha0 release today.  As the binaries for ia64 and powerpc
12086 still not uploaded to the Debian archive, we need to delay the alpha
12087 release another day.</p>
12088
12089 <p>If you want to help out with implementing Kerberos for Debian Edu,
12090 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12091
12092       </div>
12093       <div class="tags">
12094
12095
12096         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet</a>.
12097
12098
12099       </div>
12100     </div>
12101     <div class="padding"></div>
12102
12103     <div class="entry">
12104       <div class="title">
12105         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/What_are_they_searching_for___PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_in_LDAP.html">What are they searching for - PowerDNS and ISC DHCP in LDAP</a>
12106       </div>
12107       <div class="date">
12108         17th July 2010
12109       </div>
12110       <div class="body">
12111         <p>This is a
12112 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">followup</a>
12113 on my
12114 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_a_change_to_LDAP_schemas_allowing_DNS_and_DHCP_info_to_be_combined_into_one_object.html">previous
12115 work</a> on
12116 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Combining_PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_LDAP_objects.html">merging
12117 all</a> the computer related LDAP objects in Debian Edu.</p>
12118
12119 <p>As a step to try to see if it possible to merge the DNS and DHCP
12120 LDAP objects, I have had a look at how the packages pdns-backend-ldap
12121 and dhcp3-server-ldap in Debian use the LDAP server.  The two
12122 implementations are quite different in how they use LDAP.</p>
12123
12124 To get this information, I started slapd with debugging enabled and
12125 dumped the debug output to a file to get the LDAP searches performed
12126 on a Debian Edu main-server.  Here is a summary.
12127
12128 <p><strong>powerdns</strong></p>
12129
12130 <a href="http://www.linuxnetworks.de/doc/index.php/PowerDNS_LDAP_Backend">Clues
12131 on how to</a> set up PowerDNS to use a LDAP backend is available on
12132 the web.
12133
12134 <p>PowerDNS have two modes of operation using LDAP as its backend.
12135 One "strict" mode where the forward and reverse DNS lookups are done
12136 using the same LDAP objects, and a "tree" mode where the forward and
12137 reverse entries are in two different subtrees in LDAP with a structure
12138 based on the DNS names, as in tjener.intern and
12139 2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa.</p>
12140
12141 <p>In tree mode, the server is set up to use a LDAP subtree as its
12142 base, and uses a "base" scoped search for the DNS name by adding
12143 "dc=tjener,dc=intern," to the base with a filter for
12144 "(associateddomain=tjener.intern)" for the forward entry and
12145 "dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa," with a filter for
12146 "(associateddomain=2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa)" for the reverse entry.  For
12147 forward entries, it is looking for attributes named dnsttl, arecord,
12148 nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord, ptrrecord, hinforecord, mxrecord,
12149 txtrecord, rprecord, afsdbrecord, keyrecord, aaaarecord, locrecord,
12150 srvrecord, naptrrecord, kxrecord, certrecord, dsrecord, sshfprecord,
12151 ipseckeyrecord, rrsigrecord, nsecrecord, dnskeyrecord, dhcidrecord,
12152 spfrecord and modifytimestamp.  For reverse entries it is looking for
12153 the attributes dnsttl, arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord,
12154 ptrrecord, hinforecord, mxrecord, txtrecord, rprecord, aaaarecord,
12155 locrecord, srvrecord, naptrrecord and modifytimestamp.  The equivalent
12156 ldapsearch commands could look like this:</p>
12157
12158 <blockquote><pre>
12159 ldapsearch -h ldap \
12160   -b dc=tjener,dc=intern,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no \
12161   -s base -x '(associateddomain=tjener.intern)' dNSTTL aRecord nSRecord \
12162   cNAMERecord sOARecord pTRRecord hInfoRecord mXRecord tXTRecord \
12163   rPRecord aFSDBRecord KeyRecord aAAARecord lOCRecord sRVRecord \
12164   nAPTRRecord kXRecord certRecord dSRecord sSHFPRecord iPSecKeyRecord \
12165   rRSIGRecord nSECRecord dNSKeyRecord dHCIDRecord sPFRecord modifyTimestamp
12166
12167 ldapsearch -h ldap \
12168   -b dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no \
12169   -s base -x '(associateddomain=2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa)'
12170   dnsttl, arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord soarecord ptrrecord \
12171   hinforecord mxrecord txtrecord rprecord aaaarecord locrecord \
12172   srvrecord naptrrecord modifytimestamp
12173 </pre></blockquote>
12174
12175 <p>In Debian Edu/Lenny, the PowerDNS tree mode is used with
12176 ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no as the base, and these are two
12177 example LDAP objects used there.  In addition to these objects, the
12178 parent objects all th way up to ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12179 also exist.</p>
12180
12181 <blockquote><pre>
12182 dn: dc=tjener,dc=intern,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12183 objectclass: top
12184 objectclass: dnsdomain
12185 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
12186 dc: tjener
12187 arecord: 10.0.2.2
12188 associateddomain: tjener.intern
12189
12190 dn: dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12191 objectclass: top
12192 objectclass: dnsdomain2
12193 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
12194 dc: 2
12195 ptrrecord: tjener.intern
12196 associateddomain: 2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa
12197 </pre></blockquote>
12198
12199 <p>In strict mode, the server behaves differently.  When looking for
12200 forward DNS entries, it is doing a "subtree" scoped search with the
12201 same base as in the tree mode for a object with filter
12202 "(associateddomain=tjener.intern)" and requests the attributes dnsttl,
12203 arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord, ptrrecord, hinforecord,
12204 mxrecord, txtrecord, rprecord, aaaarecord, locrecord, srvrecord,
12205 naptrrecord and modifytimestamp.  For reverse entires it also do a
12206 subtree scoped search but this time the filter is "(arecord=10.0.2.2)"
12207 and the requested attributes are associateddomain, dnsttl and
12208 modifytimestamp.  In short, in strict mode the objects with ptrrecord
12209 go away, and the arecord attribute in the forward object is used
12210 instead.</p>
12211
12212 <p>The forward and reverse searches can be simulated using ldapsearch
12213 like this:</p>
12214
12215 <blockquote><pre>
12216 ldapsearch -h ldap -b ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no -s sub -x \
12217   '(associateddomain=tjener.intern)' dNSTTL aRecord nSRecord \
12218   cNAMERecord sOARecord pTRRecord hInfoRecord mXRecord tXTRecord \
12219   rPRecord aFSDBRecord KeyRecord aAAARecord lOCRecord sRVRecord \
12220   nAPTRRecord kXRecord certRecord dSRecord sSHFPRecord iPSecKeyRecord \
12221   rRSIGRecord nSECRecord dNSKeyRecord dHCIDRecord sPFRecord modifyTimestamp
12222
12223 ldapsearch -h ldap -b ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no -s sub -x \
12224   '(arecord=10.0.2.2)' associateddomain dnsttl modifytimestamp
12225 </pre></blockquote>
12226
12227 <p>In addition to the forward and reverse searches , there is also a
12228 search for SOA records, which behave similar to the forward and
12229 reverse lookups.</p>
12230
12231 <p>A thing to note with the PowerDNS behaviour is that it do not
12232 specify any objectclass names, and instead look for the attributes it
12233 need to generate a DNS reply.  This make it able to work with any
12234 objectclass that provide the needed attributes.</p>
12235
12236 <p>The attributes are normally provided in the cosine (RFC 1274) and
12237 dnsdomain2 schemas.  The latter is used for reverse entries like
12238 ptrrecord and recent DNS additions like aaaarecord and srvrecord.</p>
12239
12240 <p>In Debian Edu, we have created DNS objects using the object classes
12241 dcobject (for dc), dnsdomain or dnsdomain2 (structural, for the DNS
12242 attributes) and domainrelatedobject (for associatedDomain).  The use
12243 of structural object classes make it impossible to combine these
12244 classes with the object classes used by DHCP.</p>
12245
12246 <p>There are other schemas that could be used too, for example the
12247 dnszone structural object class used by Gosa and bind-sdb for the DNS
12248 attributes combined with the domainrelatedobject object class, but in
12249 this case some unused attributes would have to be included as well
12250 (zonename and relativedomainname).</p>
12251
12252 <p>My proposal for Debian Edu would be to switch PowerDNS to strict
12253 mode and not use any of the existing objectclasses (dnsdomain,
12254 dnsdomain2 and dnszone) when one want to combine the DNS information
12255 with DHCP information, and instead create a auxiliary object class
12256 defined something like this (using the attributes defined for
12257 dnsdomain and dnsdomain2 or dnszone):</p>
12258
12259 <blockquote><pre>
12260 objectclass ( some-oid NAME 'dnsDomainAux'
12261     SUP top
12262     AUXILIARY
12263     MAY ( ARecord $ MDRecord $ MXRecord $ NSRecord $ SOARecord $ CNAMERecord $
12264           DNSTTL $ DNSClass $ PTRRecord $ HINFORecord $ MINFORecord $
12265           TXTRecord $ SIGRecord $ KEYRecord $ AAAARecord $ LOCRecord $
12266           NXTRecord $ SRVRecord $ NAPTRRecord $ KXRecord $ CERTRecord $
12267           A6Record $ DNAMERecord
12268     ))
12269 </pre></blockquote>
12270
12271 <p>This will allow any object to become a DNS entry when combined with
12272 the domainrelatedobject object class, and allow any entity to include
12273 all the attributes PowerDNS wants.  I've sent an email to the PowerDNS
12274 developers asking for their view on this schema and if they are
12275 interested in providing such schema with PowerDNS, and I hope my
12276 message will be accepted into their mailing list soon.</p>
12277
12278 <p><strong>ISC dhcp</strong></p>
12279
12280 <p>The DHCP server searches for specific objectclass and requests all
12281 the object attributes, and then uses the attributes it want.  This
12282 make it harder to figure out exactly what attributes are used, but
12283 thanks to the working example in Debian Edu I can at least get an idea
12284 what is needed without having to read the source code.</p>
12285
12286 <p>In the DHCP server configuration, the LDAP base to use and the
12287 search filter to use to locate the correct dhcpServer entity is
12288 stored.  These are the relevant entries from
12289 /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf:</p>
12290
12291 <blockquote><pre>
12292 ldap-base-dn "dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no";
12293 ldap-dhcp-server-cn "dhcp";
12294 </pre></blockquote>
12295
12296 <p>The DHCP server uses this information to nest all the DHCP
12297 configuration it need.  The cn "dhcp" is located using the given LDAP
12298 base and the filter "(&(objectClass=dhcpServer)(cn=dhcp))".  The
12299 search result is this entry:</p>
12300
12301 <blockquote><pre>
12302 dn: cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12303 cn: dhcp
12304 objectClass: top
12305 objectClass: dhcpServer
12306 dhcpServiceDN: cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12307 </pre></blockquote>
12308
12309 <p>The content of the dhcpServiceDN attribute is next used to locate the
12310 subtree with DHCP configuration.  The DHCP configuration subtree base
12311 is located using a base scope search with base "cn=DHCP
12312 Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no" and filter
12313 "(&(objectClass=dhcpService)(|(dhcpPrimaryDN=cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no)(dhcpSecondaryDN=cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no)))".
12314 The search result is this entry:</p>
12315
12316 <blockquote><pre>
12317 dn: cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12318 cn: DHCP Config
12319 objectClass: top
12320 objectClass: dhcpService
12321 objectClass: dhcpOptions
12322 dhcpPrimaryDN: cn=dhcp, dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12323 dhcpStatements: ddns-update-style none
12324 dhcpStatements: authoritative
12325 dhcpOption: smtp-server code 69 = array of ip-address
12326 dhcpOption: www-server code 72 = array of ip-address
12327 dhcpOption: wpad-url code 252 = text
12328 </pre></blockquote>
12329
12330 <p>Next, the entire subtree is processed, one level at the time.  When
12331 all the DHCP configuration is loaded, it is ready to receive requests.
12332 The subtree in Debian Edu contain objects with object classes
12333 top/dhcpService/dhcpOptions, top/dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions,
12334 top/dhcpSubnet, top/dhcpGroup and top/dhcpHost.  These provide options
12335 and information about netmasks, dynamic range etc.  Leaving out the
12336 details here because it is not relevant for the focus of my
12337 investigation, which is to see if it is possible to merge dns and dhcp
12338 related computer objects.</p>
12339
12340 <p>When a DHCP request come in, LDAP is searched for the MAC address
12341 of the client (00:00:00:00:00:00 in this example), using a subtree
12342 scoped search with "cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no" as
12343 the base and "(&(objectClass=dhcpHost)(dhcpHWAddress=ethernet
12344 00:00:00:00:00:00))" as the filter.  This is what a host object look
12345 like:</p>
12346
12347 <blockquote><pre>
12348 dn: cn=hostname,cn=group1,cn=THINCLIENTS,cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12349 cn: hostname
12350 objectClass: top
12351 objectClass: dhcpHost
12352 dhcpHWAddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
12353 dhcpStatements: fixed-address hostname
12354 </pre></blockquote>
12355
12356 <p>There is less flexiblity in the way LDAP searches are done here.
12357 The object classes need to have fixed names, and the configuration
12358 need to be stored in a fairly specific LDAP structure.  On the
12359 positive side, the invidiual dhcpHost entires can be anywhere without
12360 the DN pointed to by the dhcpServer entries.  The latter should make
12361 it possible to group all host entries in a subtree next to the
12362 configuration entries, and this subtree can also be shared with the
12363 DNS server if the schema proposed above is combined with the dhcpHost
12364 structural object class.
12365
12366 <p><strong>Conclusion</strong></p>
12367
12368 <p>The PowerDNS implementation seem to be very flexible when it come
12369 to which LDAP schemas to use.  While its "tree" mode is rigid when it
12370 come to the the LDAP structure, the "strict" mode is very flexible,
12371 allowing DNS objects to be stored anywhere under the base cn specified
12372 in the configuration.</p>
12373
12374 <p>The DHCP implementation on the other hand is very inflexible, both
12375 regarding which LDAP schemas to use and which LDAP structure to use.
12376 I guess one could implement ones own schema, as long as the
12377 objectclasses and attributes have the names used, but this do not
12378 really help when the DHCP subtree need to have a fairly fixed
12379 structure.</p>
12380
12381 <p>Based on the observed behaviour, I suspect a LDAP structure like
12382 this might work for Debian Edu:</p>
12383
12384 <blockquote><pre>
12385 ou=services
12386   cn=machine-info (dhcpService) - dhcpServiceDN points here
12387     cn=dhcp (dhcpServer)
12388     cn=dhcp-internal (dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions)
12389       cn=10.0.2.0 (dhcpSubnet)
12390         cn=group1 (dhcpGroup/dhcpOptions)
12391     cn=dhcp-thinclients (dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions)
12392       cn=192.168.0.0 (dhcpSubnet)
12393         cn=group1 (dhcpGroup/dhcpOptions)
12394     ou=machines - PowerDNS base points here
12395       cn=hostname (dhcpHost/domainrelatedobject/dnsDomainAux)
12396 </pre></blockquote>
12397
12398 <P>This is not tested yet.  If the DHCP server require the dhcpHost
12399 entries to be in the dhcpGroup subtrees, the entries can be stored
12400 there instead of a common machines subtree, and the PowerDNS base
12401 would have to be moved one level up to the machine-info subtree.</p>
12402
12403 <p>The combined object under the machines subtree would look something
12404 like this:</p>
12405
12406 <blockquote><pre>
12407 dn: dc=hostname,ou=machines,cn=machine-info,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12408 dc: hostname
12409 objectClass: top
12410 objectClass: dhcpHost
12411 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
12412 objectclass: dnsDomainAux
12413 associateddomain: hostname.intern
12414 arecord: 10.11.12.13
12415 dhcpHWAddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
12416 dhcpStatements: fixed-address hostname.intern
12417 </pre></blockquote>
12418
12419 </p>One could even add the LTSP configuration associated with a given
12420 machine, as long as the required attributes are available in a
12421 auxiliary object class.</p>
12422
12423       </div>
12424       <div class="tags">
12425
12426
12427         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12428
12429
12430       </div>
12431     </div>
12432     <div class="padding"></div>
12433
12434     <div class="entry">
12435       <div class="title">
12436         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Combining_PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_LDAP_objects.html">Combining PowerDNS and ISC DHCP LDAP objects</a>
12437       </div>
12438       <div class="date">
12439         14th July 2010
12440       </div>
12441       <div class="body">
12442         <p>For a while now, I have wanted to find a way to change the DNS and
12443 DHCP services in Debian Edu to use the same LDAP objects for a given
12444 computer, to avoid the possibility of having a inconsistent state for
12445 a computer in LDAP (as in DHCP but no DNS entry or the other way
12446 around) and make it easier to add computers to LDAP.</p>
12447
12448 <p>I've looked at how powerdns and dhcpd is using LDAP, and using this
12449 information finally found a solution that seem to work.</p>
12450
12451 <p>The old setup required three LDAP objects for a given computer.
12452 One forward DNS entry, one reverse DNS entry and one DHCP entry.  If
12453 we switch powerdns to use its strict LDAP method (ldap-method=strict
12454 in pdns-debian-edu.conf), the forward and reverse DNS entries are
12455 merged into one while making it impossible to transfer the reverse map
12456 to a slave DNS server.</p>
12457
12458 <p>If we also replace the object class used to get the DNS related
12459 attributes to one allowing these attributes to be combined with the
12460 dhcphost object class, we can merge the DNS and DHCP entries into one.
12461 I've written such object class in the dnsdomainaux.schema file (need
12462 proper OIDs, but that is a minor issue), and tested the setup.  It
12463 seem to work.</p>
12464
12465 <p>With this test setup in place, we can get away with one LDAP object
12466 for both DNS and DHCP, and even the LTSP configuration I suggested in
12467 an earlier email.  The combined LDAP object will look something like
12468 this:</p>
12469
12470 <blockquote><pre>
12471   dn: cn=hostname,cn=group1,cn=THINCLIENTS,cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12472   cn: hostname
12473   objectClass: dhcphost
12474   objectclass: domainrelatedobject
12475   objectclass: dnsdomainaux
12476   associateddomain: hostname.intern
12477   arecord: 10.11.12.13
12478   dhcphwaddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
12479   dhcpstatements: fixed-address hostname
12480   ldapconfigsound: Y
12481 </pre></blockquote>
12482
12483 <p>The DNS server uses the associateddomain and arecord entries, while
12484 the DHCP server uses the dhcphwaddress and dhcpstatements entries
12485 before asking DNS to resolve the fixed-adddress.  LTSP will use
12486 dhcphwaddress or associateddomain and the ldapconfig* attributes.</p>
12487
12488 <p>I am not yet sure if I can get the DHCP server to look for its
12489 dhcphost in a different location, to allow us to put the objects
12490 outside the "DHCP Config" subtree, but hope to figure out a way to do
12491 that.  If I can't figure out a way to do that, we can still get rid of
12492 the hosts subtree and move all its content into the DHCP Config tree
12493 (which probably should be renamed to be more related to the new
12494 content.  I suspect cn=dnsdhcp,ou=services or something like that
12495 might be a good place to put it.</p>
12496
12497 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
12498 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12499
12500       </div>
12501       <div class="tags">
12502
12503
12504         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12505
12506
12507       </div>
12508     </div>
12509     <div class="padding"></div>
12510
12511     <div class="entry">
12512       <div class="title">
12513         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_storing_LTSP_configuration_in_LDAP.html">Idea for storing LTSP configuration in LDAP</a>
12514       </div>
12515       <div class="date">
12516         11th July 2010
12517       </div>
12518       <div class="body">
12519         <p>Vagrant mentioned on IRC today that ltsp_config now support
12520 sourcing files from /usr/share/ltsp/ltsp_config.d/ on the thin
12521 clients, and that this can be used to fetch configuration from LDAP if
12522 Debian Edu choose to store configuration there.</p>
12523
12524 <p>Armed with this information, I got inspired and wrote a test module
12525 to get configuration from LDAP.  The idea is to look up the MAC
12526 address of the client in LDAP, and look for attributes on the form
12527 ltspconfigsetting=value, and use this to export SETTING=value to the
12528 LTSP clients.</p>
12529
12530 <p>The goal is to be able to store the LTSP configuration attributes
12531 in a "computer" LDAP object used by both DNS and DHCP, and thus
12532 allowing us to store all information about a computer in one place.</p>
12533
12534 <p>This is a untested draft implementation, and I welcome feedback on
12535 this approach.  A real LDAP schema for the ltspClientAux objectclass
12536 need to be written.  Comments, suggestions, etc?</p>
12537
12538 <blockquote><pre>
12539 # Store in /opt/ltsp/$arch/usr/share/ltsp/ltsp_config.d/ldap-config
12540 #
12541 # Fetch LTSP client settings from LDAP based on MAC address
12542 #
12543 # Uses ethernet address as stored in the dhcpHost objectclass using
12544 # the dhcpHWAddress attribute or ethernet address stored in the
12545 # ieee802Device objectclass with the macAddress attribute.
12546 #
12547 # This module is written to be schema agnostic, and only depend on the
12548 # existence of attribute names.
12549 #
12550 # The LTSP configuration variables are saved directly using a
12551 # ltspConfig prefix and uppercasing the rest of the attribute name.
12552 # To set the SERVER variable, set the ltspConfigServer attribute.
12553 #
12554 # Some LDAP schema should be created with all the relevant
12555 # configuration settings.  Something like this should work:
12556 #
12557 # objectclass ( 1.1.2.2 NAME 'ltspClientAux'
12558 #     SUP top
12559 #     AUXILIARY
12560 #     MAY ( ltspConfigServer $ ltsConfigSound $ ... )
12561
12562 LDAPSERVER=$(debian-edu-ldapserver)
12563 if [ "$LDAPSERVER" ] ; then
12564     LDAPBASE=$(debian-edu-ldapserver -b)
12565     for MAC in $(LANG=C ifconfig |grep -i hwaddr| awk '{print $5}'|sort -u) ; do
12566         filter="(|(dhcpHWAddress=ethernet $MAC)(macAddress=$MAC))"
12567         ldapsearch -h "$LDAPSERVER" -b "$LDAPBASE" -v -x "$filter" | \
12568             grep '^ltspConfig' | while read attr value ; do
12569             # Remove prefix and convert to upper case
12570             attr=$(echo $attr | sed 's/^ltspConfig//i' | tr a-z A-Z)
12571             # bass value on to clients
12572             eval "$attr=$value; export $attr"
12573         done
12574     done
12575 fi
12576 </pre></blockquote>
12577
12578 <p>I'm not sure this shell construction will work, because I suspect
12579 the while block might end up in a subshell causing the variables set
12580 there to not show up in ltsp-config, but if that is the case I am sure
12581 the code can be restructured to make sure the variables are passed on.
12582 I expect that can be solved with some testing. :)</p>
12583
12584 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
12585 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12586
12587 <p>Update 2010-07-17: I am aware of another effort to store LTSP
12588 configuration in LDAP that was created around year 2000 by
12589 <a href="http://www.pcxperience.com/thinclient/documentation/ldap.html">PC
12590 Xperience, Inc., 2000</a>.  I found its
12591 <a href="http://people.redhat.com/alikins/ltsp/ldap/">files</a> on a
12592 personal home page over at redhat.com.</p>
12593
12594       </div>
12595       <div class="tags">
12596
12597
12598         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12599
12600
12601       </div>
12602     </div>
12603     <div class="padding"></div>
12604
12605     <div class="entry">
12606       <div class="title">
12607         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/jXplorer__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">jXplorer, a very nice LDAP GUI</a>
12608       </div>
12609       <div class="date">
12610          9th July 2010
12611       </div>
12612       <div class="body">
12613         <p>Since
12614 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/LUMA__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">my
12615 last post</a> about available LDAP tools in Debian, I was told about a
12616 LDAP GUI that is even better than luma.  The java application
12617 <a href="http://jxplorer.org/">jXplorer</a> is claimed to be capable of
12618 moving LDAP objects and subtrees using drag-and-drop, and can
12619 authenticate using Kerberos.  I have only tested the Kerberos
12620 authentication, but do not have a LDAP setup allowing me to rewrite
12621 LDAP with my test user yet.  It is
12622 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/j/jxplorer.html">available in
12623 Debian</a> testing and unstable at the moment.  The only problem I
12624 have with it is how it handle errors.  If something go wrong, its
12625 non-intuitive behaviour require me to go through some query work list
12626 and remove the failing query.  Nothing big, but very annoying.</p>
12627
12628       </div>
12629       <div class="tags">
12630
12631
12632         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12633
12634
12635       </div>
12636     </div>
12637     <div class="padding"></div>
12638
12639     <div class="entry">
12640       <div class="title">
12641         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__apt_vs_aptitude_with_the_Gnome_desktop.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, apt vs aptitude with the Gnome desktop</a>
12642       </div>
12643       <div class="date">
12644          3rd July 2010
12645       </div>
12646       <div class="body">
12647         <p>Here is a short update on my <a
12648 href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">my
12649 Debian Lenny->Squeeze upgrade testing</a>.  Here is a summary of the
12650 difference for Gnome when it is upgraded by apt-get and aptitude.  I'm
12651 not reporting the status for KDE, because the upgrade crashes when
12652 aptitude try because of missing conflicts
12653 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584861">#584861</a> and
12654 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/585716">#585716</a>).</p>
12655
12656 <p>At the end of the upgrade test script, dpkg -l is executed to get a
12657 complete list of the installed packages.  Based on this I see these
12658 differences when I did a test run today.  As usual, I do not really
12659 know what the correct set of packages would be, but thought it best to
12660 publish the difference.</p>
12661
12662 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
12663
12664 <blockquote><p>
12665   at-spi cpp-4.3 finger gnome-spell gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
12666   libatspi1.0-0 libcupsys2 libeel2-data libgail-common libgdl-1-common
12667   libgnomeprint2.2-data libgnomeprintui2.2-common libgnomevfs2-bin
12668   libgtksourceview-common libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa
12669   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libservlet2.4-java libxalan2-java
12670   libxerces2-java openoffice.org-writer2latex openssl-blacklist p7zip
12671   python-4suite-xml python-eggtrayicon python-gtkhtml2
12672   python-gtkmozembed svgalibg1 xserver-xephyr zip
12673 </p></blockquote>
12674
12675 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
12676
12677 <blockquote><p>
12678   bluez-utils dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop epiphany-gecko
12679   gnome-app-install gnome-mount gnome-vfs-obexftp gnome-volume-manager
12680   libao2 libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5 libbind9-50
12681   libbluetooth2 libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7 libcucul0 libcurl3
12682   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdvdread3 libedata-cal1.2-6 libedataserver1.2-9
12683   libeel2-2.20 libepc-1.0-1 libepc-ui-1.0-1 libexchange-storage1.2-3
12684   libfaad0 libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libggz2 libggzcore9
12685   libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0 libgnome-desktop-2
12686   libgnome-pilot2 libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomeprint2.2-0
12687   libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtkhtml2-0
12688   libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgucharmap6 libhesiod0 libicu38 libisccc50
12689   libisccfg50 libiw29 libkpathsea4 libltdl3 liblwres50 libmagick++10
12690   libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmtp7 libmysqlclient15off libnautilus-burn4
12691   libneon27 libnm-glib0 libnm-util0 libopal-2.2 libosp5
12692   libparted1.8-10 libpisock9 libpisync1 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3
12693   libpt-1.10.10 libraw1394-8 libsensors3 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8
12694   libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1
12695   libtotem-plparser10 libtrackerclient0 libvoikko1 libxalan2-java-gcj
12696   libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12 libxtrap6 libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3
12697   mysql-common swfdec-gnome totem-gstreamer wodim
12698 </p></blockquote>
12699
12700 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
12701
12702 <blockquote><p>
12703   gnome gnome-desktop-environment hamster-applet python-gnomeapplet
12704   python-gnomekeyring python-wnck rhythmbox-plugins xorg
12705   xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
12706   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
12707   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-video-all
12708   xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark xserver-xorg-video-ati
12709   xserver-xorg-video-chips xserver-xorg-video-cirrus
12710   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
12711   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
12712   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-mach64
12713   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
12714   xserver-xorg-video-nouveau xserver-xorg-video-nv
12715   xserver-xorg-video-r128 xserver-xorg-video-radeon
12716   xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd xserver-xorg-video-rendition
12717   xserver-xorg-video-s3 xserver-xorg-video-s3virge
12718   xserver-xorg-video-savage xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion
12719   xserver-xorg-video-sis xserver-xorg-video-sisusb
12720   xserver-xorg-video-tdfx xserver-xorg-video-tga
12721   xserver-xorg-video-trident xserver-xorg-video-tseng
12722   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vmware
12723   xserver-xorg-video-voodoo
12724 </p></blockquote>
12725
12726 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
12727
12728 <blockquote><p>
12729   deskbar-applet xserver-xorg xserver-xorg-core
12730   xserver-xorg-input-wacom xserver-xorg-video-intel
12731   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome
12732 </p></blockquote>
12733
12734 <p>I was told on IRC that the xorg-xserver package was
12735 <a href="http://git.debian.org/?p=pkg-xorg/xserver/xorg-server.git;a=commit;h=9c8080d06c457932d3bfec021c69ac000aa60120">changed
12736 in git</a> today to try to get apt-get to not remove xorg completely.
12737 No idea when it hits Squeeze, but when it does I hope it will reduce
12738 the difference somewhat.
12739
12740       </div>
12741       <div class="tags">
12742
12743
12744         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
12745
12746
12747       </div>
12748     </div>
12749     <div class="padding"></div>
12750
12751     <div class="entry">
12752       <div class="title">
12753         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Caching_password__user_and_group_on_a_roaming_Debian_laptop.html">Caching password, user and group on a roaming Debian laptop</a>
12754       </div>
12755       <div class="date">
12756          1st July 2010
12757       </div>
12758       <div class="body">
12759         <p>For a laptop, centralized user directories and password checking is
12760 a bit troubling.  Laptops are typically used also when not connected
12761 to the network, and it is vital for a user to be able to log in or
12762 unlock the screen saver also when a central server is unavailable.
12763 This is possible by caching passwords and directory information (user
12764 and group attributes) locally, and the packages to do so are available
12765 in Debian.  Here follow two recipes to set this up in Debian/Squeeze.
12766 It is also possible to set up in Debian/Lenny, but require more manual
12767 setup there because pam-auth-update is missing in Lenny.</p>
12768
12769 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + nscd + libpam-ccreds + libpam-mklocaluser/pam_mkhomedir</h2>
12770
12771 This is the traditional method with a twist.  The password caching is
12772 provided by libpam-ccreds (version 10-4 or later is needed on
12773 Squeeze), and the directory caching is done by nscd.  The directory
12774 lookup and password checking is done using LDAP.  If one want to use
12775 Kerberos for password checking the libpam-ldapd package can be
12776 replaced with libpam-krb5 or libpam-heimdal.  If one is happy having a
12777 local home directory with the path listed in LDAP, one can use the
12778 pam_mkhomedir module from pam-modules to make this happen instead of
12779 using libpam-mklocaluser.  A setup for pam-auth-update to enable
12780 pam_mkhomedir will have to be written until a fix for
12781 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/568577">bug #568577</a> is in the
12782 archive.  Because I believe it is a bad idea to have local home
12783 directories using misleading paths like /site/server/partition/, I
12784 prefer to create a local user with the home directory in /home/.  This
12785 is done using the libpam-mklocaluser package.</p>
12786
12787 <p>These packages need to be installed and configured</p>
12788
12789 <blockquote><pre>
12790 libnss-ldapd libpam-ldapd nscd libpam-ccreds libpam-mklocaluser
12791 </pre></blockquote>
12792
12793 <p>The ldapd packages will ask for LDAP connection information, and
12794 one have to fill in the values that fits ones own site.  Make sure the
12795 PAM part uses encrypted connections, to make sure the password is not
12796 sent in clear text to the LDAP server.  I've been unable to get TLS
12797 certificate checking for a self signed certificate working, which make
12798 LDAP authentication unsafe for Debian Edu (nslcd is not checking if it
12799 is talking to the correct LDAP server), and very much welcome feedback
12800 on how to get this working.</p>
12801
12802 <p>Because nscd do not have a default configuration fit for offline
12803 caching until <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/485282">bug #485282</a>
12804 is fixed, this configuration should be used instead of the one
12805 currently in /etc/nscd.conf.  The changes are in the fields
12806 reload-count and positive-time-to-live, and is based on the
12807 instructions I found in the
12808 <a href="http://www.flyn.org/laptopldap/">LDAP for Mobile Laptops</a>
12809 instructions by Flyn Computing.</p>
12810
12811 <blockquote><pre>
12812         debug-level             0
12813         reload-count            unlimited
12814         paranoia                no
12815
12816         enable-cache            passwd          yes
12817         positive-time-to-live   passwd          2592000
12818         negative-time-to-live   passwd          20
12819         suggested-size          passwd          211
12820         check-files             passwd          yes
12821         persistent              passwd          yes
12822         shared                  passwd          yes
12823         max-db-size             passwd          33554432
12824         auto-propagate          passwd          yes
12825
12826         enable-cache            group           yes
12827         positive-time-to-live   group           2592000
12828         negative-time-to-live   group           20
12829         suggested-size          group           211
12830         check-files             group           yes
12831         persistent              group           yes
12832         shared                  group           yes
12833         max-db-size             group           33554432
12834         auto-propagate          group           yes
12835
12836         enable-cache            hosts           no
12837         positive-time-to-live   hosts           2592000
12838         negative-time-to-live   hosts           20
12839         suggested-size          hosts           211
12840         check-files             hosts           yes
12841         persistent              hosts           yes
12842         shared                  hosts           yes
12843         max-db-size             hosts           33554432
12844
12845         enable-cache            services        yes
12846         positive-time-to-live   services        2592000
12847         negative-time-to-live   services        20
12848         suggested-size          services        211
12849         check-files             services        yes
12850         persistent              services        yes
12851         shared                  services        yes
12852         max-db-size             services        33554432
12853 </pre></blockquote>
12854
12855 <p>While we wait for a mechanism to update /etc/nsswitch.conf
12856 automatically like the one provided in
12857 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/496915">bug #496915</a>, the file
12858 content need to be manually replaced to ensure LDAP is used as the
12859 directory service on the machine.  /etc/nsswitch.conf should normally
12860 look like this:</p>
12861
12862 <blockquote><pre>
12863 passwd:         files ldap
12864 group:          files ldap
12865 shadow:         files ldap
12866 hosts:          files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns mdns4
12867 networks:       files
12868 protocols:      files
12869 services:       files
12870 ethers:         files
12871 rpc:            files
12872 netgroup:       files ldap
12873 </pre></blockquote>
12874
12875 <p>The important parts are that ldap is listed last for passwd, group,
12876 shadow and netgroup.</p>
12877
12878 <p>With these changes in place, any user in LDAP will be able to log
12879 in locally on the machine using for example kdm, get a local home
12880 directory created and have the password as well as user and group
12881 attributes cached.
12882
12883 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + nss-updatedb + libpam-ccreds +
12884   libpam-mklocaluser/pam_mkhomedir</h2>
12885
12886 <p>Because nscd have had its share of problems, and seem to have
12887 problems doing proper caching, I've seen suggestions and recipes to
12888 use nss-updatedb to copy parts of the LDAP database locally when the
12889 LDAP database is available.  I have not tested such setup, because I
12890 discovered sssd.</p>
12891
12892 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + sssd + libpam-mklocaluser</h2>
12893
12894 <p>A more flexible and robust setup than the nscd combination
12895 mentioned earlier that has shown up recently, is the
12896 <a href="https://fedorahosted.org/sssd/">sssd</a> package from Redhat.
12897 It is part of the <a href="http://www.freeipa.org/">FreeIPA</A> project
12898 to provide a Active Directory like directory service for Linux
12899 machines.  The sssd system combines the caching of passwords and user
12900 information into one package, and remove the need for nscd and
12901 libpam-ccreds.  It support LDAP and Kerberos, but not NIS.  Version
12902 1.2 do not support netgroups, but it is said that it will support this
12903 in version 1.5 expected to show up later in 2010.  Because the
12904 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/sssd.html">sssd package</a>
12905 was missing in Debian, I ended up co-maintaining it with Werner, and
12906 version 1.2 is now in testing.
12907
12908 <p>These packages need to be installed and configured to get the
12909 roaming setup I want</p>
12910
12911 <blockquote><pre>
12912 libpam-sss libnss-sss libpam-mklocaluser
12913 </pre></blockquote>
12914
12915 The complete setup of sssd is done by editing/creating
12916 <tt>/etc/sssd/sssd.conf</tt>.
12917
12918 <blockquote><pre>
12919 [sssd]
12920 config_file_version = 2
12921 reconnection_retries = 3
12922 sbus_timeout = 30
12923 services = nss, pam
12924 domains = INTERN
12925
12926 [nss]
12927 filter_groups = root
12928 filter_users = root
12929 reconnection_retries = 3
12930
12931 [pam]
12932 reconnection_retries = 3
12933
12934 [domain/INTERN]
12935 enumerate = false
12936 cache_credentials = true
12937
12938 id_provider = ldap
12939 auth_provider = ldap
12940 chpass_provider = ldap
12941
12942 ldap_uri = ldap://ldap
12943 ldap_search_base = dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12944 ldap_tls_reqcert = never
12945 ldap_tls_cacert = /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt
12946 </pre></blockquote>
12947
12948 <p>I got the same problem here with certificate checking.  Had to set
12949 "ldap_tls_reqcert = never" to get it working.</p>
12950
12951 <p>With the libnss-sss package in testing at the moment, the
12952 nsswitch.conf file is update automatically, so there is no need to
12953 modify it manually.</p>
12954
12955 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
12956 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12957
12958       </div>
12959       <div class="tags">
12960
12961
12962         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12963
12964
12965       </div>
12966     </div>
12967     <div class="padding"></div>
12968
12969     <div class="entry">
12970       <div class="title">
12971         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/LUMA__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">LUMA, a very nice LDAP GUI</a>
12972       </div>
12973       <div class="date">
12974         28th June 2010
12975       </div>
12976       <div class="body">
12977         <p>The last few days I have been looking into the status of the LDAP
12978 directory in Debian Edu, and in the process I started to miss a GUI
12979 tool to browse the LDAP tree.  The only one I was able to find in
12980 Debian/Squeeze and Lenny is
12981 <a href="http://luma.sourceforge.net/">LUMA</a>, which has proved to
12982 be a great tool to get a overview of the current LDAP directory
12983 populated by default in Skolelinux.  Thanks to it, I have been able to
12984 find empty and obsolete subtrees, misplaced objects and duplicate
12985 objects.  It will be installed by default in Debian/Squeeze.  If you
12986 are working with LDAP, give it a go. :)</p>
12987
12988 <p>I did notice one problem with it I have not had time to report to
12989 the BTS yet.  There is no .desktop file in the package, so the tool do
12990 not show up in the Gnome and KDE menus, but only deep down in in the
12991 Debian submenu in KDE.  I hope that can be fixed before Squeeze is
12992 released.</p>
12993
12994 <p>I have not yet been able to get it to modify the tree yet.  I would
12995 like to move objects and remove subtrees directly in the GUI, but have
12996 not found a way to do that with LUMA yet.  So in the mean time, I use
12997 <a href="http://www.lichteblau.com/ldapvi/">ldapvi</a> for that.</p>
12998
12999 <p>If you have tips on other GUI tools for LDAP that might be useful
13000 in Debian Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
13001
13002 <p>Update 2010-06-29: Ross Reedstrom tipped us about the
13003 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/g/gq.html">gq</a> package as a
13004 useful GUI alternative.  It seem like a good tool, but is unmaintained
13005 in Debian and got a RC bug keeping it out of Squeeze.  Unless that
13006 changes, it will not be an option for Debian Edu based on Squeeze.</p>
13007
13008       </div>
13009       <div class="tags">
13010
13011
13012         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13013
13014
13015       </div>
13016     </div>
13017     <div class="padding"></div>
13018
13019     <div class="entry">
13020       <div class="title">
13021         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_a_change_to_LDAP_schemas_allowing_DNS_and_DHCP_info_to_be_combined_into_one_object.html">Idea for a change to LDAP schemas allowing DNS and DHCP info to be combined into one object</a>
13022       </div>
13023       <div class="date">
13024         24th June 2010
13025       </div>
13026       <div class="body">
13027         <p>A while back, I
13028 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">complained
13029 about the fact</a> that it is not possible with the provided schemas
13030 for storing DNS and DHCP information in LDAP to combine the two sets
13031 of information into one LDAP object representing a computer.</p>
13032
13033 <p>In the mean time, I discovered that a simple fix would be to make
13034 the dhcpHost object class auxiliary, to allow it to be combined with
13035 the dNSDomain object class, and thus forming one object for one
13036 computer when storing both DHCP and DNS information in LDAP.</p>
13037
13038 <p>If I understand this correctly, it is not safe to do this change
13039 without also changing the assigned number for the object class, and I
13040 do not know enough about LDAP schema design to do that properly for
13041 Debian Edu.</p>
13042
13043 <p>Anyway, for future reference, this is how I believe we could change
13044 the
13045 <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-dhc-ldap-schema-00">DHCP
13046 schema</a> to solve at least part of the problem with the LDAP schemas
13047 available today from IETF.</p>
13048
13049 <pre>
13050 --- dhcp.schema    (revision 65192)
13051 +++ dhcp.schema    (working copy)
13052 @@ -376,7 +376,7 @@
13053  objectclass ( 2.16.840.1.113719.1.203.6.6
13054         NAME 'dhcpHost'
13055         DESC 'This represents information about a particular client'
13056 -       SUP top
13057 +       SUP top AUXILIARY
13058         MUST cn
13059         MAY  (dhcpLeaseDN $ dhcpHWAddress $ dhcpOptionsDN $ dhcpStatements $ dhcpComments $ dhcpOption)
13060         X-NDS_CONTAINMENT ('dhcpService' 'dhcpSubnet' 'dhcpGroup') )
13061 </pre>
13062
13063 <p>I very much welcome clues on how to do this properly for Debian
13064 Edu/Squeeze.  We provide the DHCP schema in our debian-edu-config
13065 package, and should thus be free to rewrite it as we see fit.</p>
13066
13067 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
13068 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
13069
13070       </div>
13071       <div class="tags">
13072
13073
13074         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13075
13076
13077       </div>
13078     </div>
13079     <div class="padding"></div>
13080
13081     <div class="entry">
13082       <div class="title">
13083         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__removals_by_apt_and_aptitude.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, removals by apt and aptitude</a>
13084       </div>
13085       <div class="date">
13086         13th June 2010
13087       </div>
13088       <div class="body">
13089         <p>My
13090 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_upgrade_testing_from_Lenny_to_Squeeze.html">testing
13091 of Debian upgrades</a> from Lenny to Squeeze continues, and I've
13092 finally made the upgrade logs available from
13093 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/debian-upgrade-testing/</a>.
13094 I am now testing dist-upgrade of Gnome and KDE in a chroot using both
13095 apt and aptitude, and found their differences interesting.  This time
13096 I will only focus on their removal plans.</p>
13097
13098 <p>After installing a Gnome desktop and the laptop task, apt-get wants
13099 to remove 72 packages when dist-upgrading from Lenny to Squeeze.  The
13100 surprising part is that it want to remove xorg and all
13101 xserver-xorg-video* drivers.  Clearly not a good choice, but I am not
13102 sure why.  When asking aptitude to do the same, it want to remove 129
13103 packages, but most of them are library packages I suspect are no
13104 longer needed.  Both of them want to remove bluetooth packages, which
13105 I do not know.  Perhaps these bluetooth packages are obsolete?</p>
13106
13107 <p>For KDE, apt-get want to remove 82 packages, among them kdebase
13108 which seem like a bad idea and xorg the same way as with Gnome. Asking
13109 aptitude for the same, it wants to remove 192 packages, none which are
13110 too surprising.</p>
13111
13112 <p>I guess the removal of xorg during upgrades should be investigated
13113 and avoided, and perhaps others as well.  Here are the complete list
13114 of planned removals.  The complete logs is available from the URL
13115 above.  Note if you want to repeat these tests, that the upgrade test
13116 for kde+apt-get hung in the tasksel setup because of dpkg asking
13117 conffile questions.  No idea why.  I worked around it by using
13118 '<tt>echo >> /proc/<em>pidofdpkg</em>/fd/0</tt>' to tell dpkg to
13119 continue.</p>
13120
13121 <p><b>apt-get gnome 72</b>
13122 <br>bluez-gnome cupsddk-drivers deskbar-applet gnome
13123   gnome-desktop-environment gnome-network-admin gtkhtml3.14
13124   iceweasel-gnome-support libavcodec51 libdatrie0 libgdl-1-0
13125   libgnomekbd2 libgnomekbdui2 libmetacity0 libslab0 libxcb-xlib0
13126   nautilus-cd-burner python-gnome2-desktop python-gnome2-extras
13127   serpentine swfdec-mozilla update-manager xorg xserver-xorg
13128   xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
13129   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
13130   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-input-wacom
13131   xserver-xorg-video-all xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark
13132   xserver-xorg-video-ati xserver-xorg-video-chips
13133   xserver-xorg-video-cirrus xserver-xorg-video-cyrix
13134   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
13135   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
13136   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-imstt
13137   xserver-xorg-video-intel xserver-xorg-video-mach64
13138   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
13139   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-nv
13140   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome xserver-xorg-video-r128
13141   xserver-xorg-video-radeon xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd
13142   xserver-xorg-video-rendition xserver-xorg-video-s3
13143   xserver-xorg-video-s3virge xserver-xorg-video-savage
13144   xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion xserver-xorg-video-sis
13145   xserver-xorg-video-sisusb xserver-xorg-video-tdfx
13146   xserver-xorg-video-tga xserver-xorg-video-trident
13147   xserver-xorg-video-tseng xserver-xorg-video-v4l
13148   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vga
13149   xserver-xorg-video-vmware xserver-xorg-video-voodoo xulrunner-1.9
13150   xulrunner-1.9-gnome-support</p>
13151
13152 <p><b>aptitude gnome 129</b>
13153
13154 <br>bluez-gnome bluez-utils cpp-4.3 cupsddk-drivers dhcdbd
13155   djvulibre-desktop finger gnome-app-install gnome-mount
13156   gnome-network-admin gnome-spell gnome-vfs-obexftp
13157   gnome-volume-manager gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs gtkhtml3.14 libao2
13158   libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5 libavcodec51 libbluetooth2
13159   libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7 libcucul0 libcupsys2 libcurl3 libdatrie0
13160   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdvdread3 libedataserver1.2-9 libeel2-2.20
13161   libeel2-data libepc-1.0-1 libepc-ui-1.0-1 libfaad0 libgail-common
13162   libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libgdl-1-0 libgdl-1-common
13163   libggz2 libggzcore9 libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0
13164   libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomekbd2 libgnomekbdui2 libgnomeprint2.2-0
13165   libgnomeprint2.2-data libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgnomeprintui2.2-common
13166   libgnomevfs2-bin libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtkhtml2-0
13167   libgtksourceview-common libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgucharmap6
13168   libhesiod0 libicu38 libiw29 libkpathsea4 libltdl3 libmagick++10
13169   libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmetacity0 libmtp7 libmysqlclient15off
13170   libnautilus-burn4 libneon27 libnm-glib0 libnm-util0 libopal-2.2
13171   libosp5 libparted1.8-10 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3 libpt-1.10.10
13172   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libraw1394-8
13173   libsensors3 libslab0 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8 libssh2-1
13174   libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1 libtotem-plparser10
13175   libtrackerclient0 libxalan2-java libxalan2-java-gcj libxcb-xlib0
13176   libxerces2-java libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12 libxtrap6
13177   libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3 mysql-common nautilus-cd-burner
13178   openoffice.org-writer2latex openssl-blacklist p7zip
13179   python-4suite-xml python-eggtrayicon python-gnome2-desktop
13180   python-gnome2-extras python-gtkhtml2 python-gtkmozembed
13181   python-numeric python-sexy serpentine svgalibg1 swfdec-gnome
13182   swfdec-mozilla totem-gstreamer update-manager wodim
13183   xserver-xorg-video-cyrix xserver-xorg-video-imstt
13184   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-v4l xserver-xorg-video-vga
13185   zip</p>
13186
13187 <p><b>apt-get kde 82</b>
13188
13189 <br>cupsddk-drivers karm kaudiocreator kcoloredit kcontrol kde kde-core
13190   kdeaddons kdeartwork kdebase kdebase-bin kdebase-bin-kde3
13191   kdebase-kio-plugins kdesktop kdeutils khelpcenter kicker
13192   kicker-applets knewsticker kolourpaint konq-plugins konqueror korn
13193   kpersonalizer kscreensaver ksplash libavcodec51 libdatrie0 libkiten1
13194   libxcb-xlib0 quanta superkaramba texlive-base-bin xorg xserver-xorg
13195   xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
13196   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
13197   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-input-wacom
13198   xserver-xorg-video-all xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark
13199   xserver-xorg-video-ati xserver-xorg-video-chips
13200   xserver-xorg-video-cirrus xserver-xorg-video-cyrix
13201   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
13202   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
13203   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-imstt
13204   xserver-xorg-video-intel xserver-xorg-video-mach64
13205   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
13206   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-nv
13207   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome xserver-xorg-video-r128
13208   xserver-xorg-video-radeon xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd
13209   xserver-xorg-video-rendition xserver-xorg-video-s3
13210   xserver-xorg-video-s3virge xserver-xorg-video-savage
13211   xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion xserver-xorg-video-sis
13212   xserver-xorg-video-sisusb xserver-xorg-video-tdfx
13213   xserver-xorg-video-tga xserver-xorg-video-trident
13214   xserver-xorg-video-tseng xserver-xorg-video-v4l
13215   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vga
13216   xserver-xorg-video-vmware xserver-xorg-video-voodoo xulrunner-1.9</p>
13217
13218 <p><b>aptitude kde 192</b>
13219 <br>bluez-utils cpp-4.3 cupsddk-drivers cvs dcoprss dhcdbd
13220   djvulibre-desktop dosfstools eyesapplet fifteenapplet finger gettext
13221   ghostscript-x imlib-base imlib11 indi kandy karm kasteroids
13222   kaudiocreator kbackgammon kbstate kcoloredit kcontrol kcron kdat
13223   kdeadmin-kfile-plugins kdeartwork-misc kdeartwork-theme-window
13224   kdebase-bin-kde3 kdebase-kio-plugins kdeedu-data
13225   kdegraphics-kfile-plugins kdelirc kdemultimedia-kappfinder-data
13226   kdemultimedia-kfile-plugins kdenetwork-kfile-plugins
13227   kdepim-kfile-plugins kdepim-kio-plugins kdeprint kdesktop kdessh
13228   kdict kdnssd kdvi kedit keduca kenolaba kfax kfaxview kfouleggs
13229   kghostview khelpcenter khexedit kiconedit kitchensync klatin
13230   klickety kmailcvt kmenuedit kmid kmilo kmoon kmrml kodo kolourpaint
13231   kooka korn kpager kpdf kpercentage kpf kpilot kpoker kpovmodeler
13232   krec kregexpeditor ksayit ksim ksirc ksirtet ksmiletris ksmserver
13233   ksnake ksokoban ksplash ksvg ksysv ktip ktnef kuickshow kverbos
13234   kview kviewshell kvoctrain kwifimanager kwin kwin4 kworldclock
13235   kxsldbg libakode2 libao2 libarts1-akode libarts1-audiofile
13236   libarts1-mpeglib libarts1-xine libavahi-compat-libdnssd1
13237   libavahi-core5 libavc1394-0 libavcodec51 libbluetooth2
13238   libboost-python1.34.1 libcucul0 libcurl3 libcvsservice0 libdatrie0
13239   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdjvulibre21 libdvdread3 libfaad0 libfreebob0
13240   libgail-common libgd2-noxpm libgraphviz4 libgsmme1c2a libgtkhtml2-0
13241   libicu38 libiec61883-0 libindex0 libiw29 libk3b3 libkcal2b libkcddb1
13242   libkdeedu3 libkdepim1a libkgantt0 libkiten1 libkleopatra1 libkmime2
13243   libkpathsea4 libkpimexchange1 libkpimidentities1 libkscan1
13244   libksieve0 libktnef1 liblockdev1 libltdl3 libmagick10 libmimelib1c2a
13245   libmozjs1d libmpcdec3 libneon27 libnm-util0 libopensync0 libpisock9
13246   libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler-qt2 libpoppler3 libraw1394-8 libsmbios2
13247   libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libtalloc1 libtiff-tools
13248   libxalan2-java libxalan2-java-gcj libxcb-xlib0 libxerces2-java
13249   libxerces2-java-gcj libxtrap6 mpeglib networkstatus
13250   openoffice.org-writer2latex pmount poster psutils quanta quanta-data
13251   superkaramba svgalibg1 tex-common texlive-base texlive-base-bin
13252   texlive-common texlive-doc-base texlive-fonts-recommended
13253   xserver-xorg-video-cyrix xserver-xorg-video-imstt
13254   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-v4l xserver-xorg-video-vga
13255   xulrunner-1.9</p>
13256
13257
13258       </div>
13259       <div class="tags">
13260
13261
13262         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13263
13264
13265       </div>
13266     </div>
13267     <div class="padding"></div>
13268
13269     <div class="entry">
13270       <div class="title">
13271         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_upgrade_testing_from_Lenny_to_Squeeze.html">Automatic upgrade testing from Lenny to Squeeze</a>
13272       </div>
13273       <div class="date">
13274         11th June 2010
13275       </div>
13276       <div class="body">
13277         <p>The last few days I have done some upgrade testing in Debian, to
13278 see if the upgrade from Lenny to Squeeze will go smoothly.  A few bugs
13279 have been discovered and reported in the process
13280 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/585410">#585410</a> in nagios3-cgi,
13281 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584879">#584879</a> already fixed in
13282 enscript and <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584861">#584861</a> in
13283 kdebase-workspace-data), and to get a more regular testing going on, I
13284 am working on a script to automate the test.</p>
13285
13286 <p>The idea is to create a Lenny chroot and use tasksel to install a
13287 Gnome or KDE desktop installation inside the chroot before upgrading
13288 it.  To ensure no services are started in the chroot, a policy-rc.d
13289 script is inserted.  To make sure tasksel believe it is to install a
13290 desktop on a laptop, the tasksel tests are replaced in the chroot
13291 (only acceptable because this is a throw-away chroot).</p>
13292
13293 <p>A naive upgrade from Lenny to Squeeze using aptitude dist-upgrade
13294 currently always fail because udev refuses to upgrade with the kernel
13295 in Lenny, so to avoid that problem the file /etc/udev/kernel-upgrade
13296 is created.  The bug report
13297 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/566000">#566000</a> make me suspect
13298 this problem do not trigger in a chroot, but I touch the file anyway
13299 to make sure the upgrade go well.  Testing on virtual and real
13300 hardware have failed me because of udev so far, and creating this file
13301 do the trick in such settings anyway.  This is a
13302 <a href="http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/debian-26/failed-dist-upgrade-due-to-udev-config_sysfs_deprecated-nonsense-804130/">known
13303 issue</a> and the current udev behaviour is intended by the udev
13304 maintainer because he lack the resources to rewrite udev to keep
13305 working with old kernels or something like that.  I really wish the
13306 udev upstream would keep udev backwards compatible, to avoid such
13307 upgrade problem, but given that they fail to do so, I guess
13308 documenting the way out of this mess is the best option we got for
13309 Debian Squeeze.</p>
13310
13311 <p>Anyway, back to the task at hand, testing upgrades.  This test
13312 script, which I call <tt>upgrade-test</tt> for now, is doing the
13313 trick:</p>
13314
13315 <blockquote><pre>
13316 #!/bin/sh
13317 set -ex
13318
13319 if [ "$1" ] ; then
13320     desktop=$1
13321 else
13322     desktop=gnome
13323 fi
13324
13325 from=lenny
13326 to=squeeze
13327
13328 exec &lt; /dev/null
13329 unset LANG
13330 mirror=http://ftp.skolelinux.org/debian
13331 tmpdir=chroot-$from-upgrade-$to-$desktop
13332 fuser -mv .
13333 debootstrap $from $tmpdir $mirror
13334 chroot $tmpdir aptitude update
13335 cat > $tmpdir/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d &lt;&lt;EOF
13336 #!/bin/sh
13337 exit 101
13338 EOF
13339 chmod a+rx $tmpdir/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d
13340 exit_cleanup() {
13341     umount $tmpdir/proc
13342 }
13343 mount -t proc proc $tmpdir/proc
13344 # Make sure proc is unmounted also on failure
13345 trap exit_cleanup EXIT INT
13346
13347 chroot $tmpdir aptitude -y install debconf-utils
13348
13349 # Make sure tasksel autoselection trigger.  It need the test scripts
13350 # to return the correct answers.
13351 echo tasksel tasksel/desktop multiselect $desktop | \
13352     chroot $tmpdir debconf-set-selections
13353
13354 # Include the desktop and laptop task
13355 for test in desktop laptop ; do
13356     echo > $tmpdir/usr/lib/tasksel/tests/$test &lt;&lt;EOF
13357 #!/bin/sh
13358 exit 2
13359 EOF
13360     chmod a+rx $tmpdir/usr/lib/tasksel/tests/$test
13361 done
13362
13363 DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
13364 DEBIAN_PRIORITY=critical
13365 export DEBIAN_FRONTEND DEBIAN_PRIORITY
13366 chroot $tmpdir tasksel --new-install
13367
13368 echo deb $mirror $to main > $tmpdir/etc/apt/sources.list
13369 chroot $tmpdir aptitude update
13370 touch $tmpdir/etc/udev/kernel-upgrade
13371 chroot $tmpdir aptitude -y dist-upgrade
13372 fuser -mv
13373 </pre></blockquote>
13374
13375 <p>I suspect it would be useful to test upgrades with both apt-get and
13376 with aptitude, but I have not had time to look at how they behave
13377 differently so far.  I hope to get a cron job running to do the test
13378 regularly and post the result on the web.  The Gnome upgrade currently
13379 work, while the KDE upgrade fail because of the bug in
13380 kdebase-workspace-data</p>
13381
13382 <p>I am not quite sure what kind of extract from the huge upgrade logs
13383 (KDE 167 KiB, Gnome 516 KiB) it make sense to include in this blog
13384 post, so I will refrain from trying.  I can report that for Gnome,
13385 aptitude report 760 packages upgraded, 448 newly installed, 129 to
13386 remove and 1 not upgraded and 1024MB need to be downloaded while for
13387 KDE the same numbers are 702 packages upgraded, 507 newly installed,
13388 193 to remove and 0 not upgraded and 1117MB need to be downloaded</p>
13389
13390 <p>I am very happy to notice that the Gnome desktop + laptop upgrade
13391 is able to migrate to dependency based boot sequencing and parallel
13392 booting without a hitch.  Was unsure if there were still bugs with
13393 packages failing to clean up their obsolete init.d script during
13394 upgrades, and no such problem seem to affect the Gnome desktop+laptop
13395 packages.</p>
13396
13397       </div>
13398       <div class="tags">
13399
13400
13401         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13402
13403
13404       </div>
13405     </div>
13406     <div class="padding"></div>
13407
13408     <div class="entry">
13409       <div class="title">
13410         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_er_laget_for_sentraldrifting__naturligvis.html">Skolelinux er laget for sentraldrifting, naturligvis</a>
13411       </div>
13412       <div class="date">
13413          9th June 2010
13414       </div>
13415       <div class="body">
13416         <p>Det er merkelig hvordan myter om Skolelinux overlever.  En slik
13417 myte er at Skolelinux ikke kan sentraldriftes og ha sentralt plasserte
13418 tjenermaskiner.  I siste Computerworld Norge er
13419 <a href="http://www.idg.no/computerworld/article169432.ece">IT-sjef
13420 Viggo Billdal i Steinkjer intervjuet</a>, og forteller uten
13421 blygsel:</p>
13422
13423 <blockquote><p>Vi hadde Skolelinux, men det har vi sluttet med. Vi testet
13424 om det lønte seg med Microsoft eller en åpen plattform. Vi fant ut at
13425 Microsoft egentlig var totalt sett bedre egnet. Det var store
13426 driftskostnader med Skolelinux, blant annet på grunn av
13427 desentraliserte servere. Det var komplisert, så vi gikk vekk fra det
13428 og bruker nå bare Windows.</p></blockquote>
13429
13430 <p>En <a
13431 href="https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/bruker/2010-June/009101.html">rask
13432 sjekk</a> mot den norske brukerlista i Skolelinuxprosjektet forteller
13433 at Steinkjers forsøk foregikk fram til 2004/2005, og at Røysing skole
13434 i Steinkjer skal ha vært svært fornøyd med Skolelinux men at kommunen
13435 overkjørte skolen og krevde at de gikk over til Windows.  Et søk på
13436 nettet sendte meg til
13437 <a href="http://www.dn.no/multimedia/archive/00090/Dagens_it_nr__18_90826a.pdf">Dagens
13438 IT nr. 18 2005</a> hvor en kan lese på side 18:</p>
13439
13440 <blockquote><p>Inge Tømmerås ved Røysing skole i Steinkjer kjører ennå
13441 Microsoft, men forteller at kompetanseutfordringen med Skolelinux ikke
13442 var så stor.   Jeg syntes Skolelinux var utrolig lett å drifte uten
13443 forkunnskaper. Men man må jo selvsagt ha tilgang på ekstern kompetanse
13444 til installasjoner og maskinvarefeil, sier Tømmerås.</p></blockquote>
13445
13446 <p>Som systemarkitekten bak Skolelinux, kan jeg bare riste på hodet
13447 over påstanden om at Skolelinux krever desentraliserte tjenere.
13448 Skolelinux-arkitekturen er laget for sentralisert drift og plassering
13449 av tjenerne lokalt eller sentralt alt etter behov og nettkapasitet.
13450 Den er modellert på nettverks- og tjenerløsningen som brukes på
13451 Universitetet i Tromsø og Oslo, der jeg jobber med utvikling av
13452 driftstjenester.  Dette er det heldigvis noen som har fått med seg, og
13453 jeg er glad for å kunne sitere fra en kommentar på den overnevnte
13454 artikkelen.  Min venn og gamle kollega Sturle Sunde forteller der:
13455
13456 <blockquote>
13457 <p>I Flora kommune køyrer vi Skulelinux på skular med alt frå 15 til
13458 meir enn 500 elevar. Dei store skulane har eigen tenar, for det er
13459 mest praktisk. Eg, som er driftsansvarleg for heile nettet, ser
13460 sjeldan dei tenarane fysisk, men at dei står der gjer skulane mindre
13461 avhengige av eksterne linjer som er trege eller dyre. Dei minste
13462 skulane har ikkje eigen tenar. Å bruke sentral tenar er heller ikkje
13463 noko problem. Småskulane klarar seg fint med 1 mbit-linje til ein
13464 sentral tenar eller tenaren på ein større skule.</p>
13465
13466 <p>Det beste med Skulelinux er halvtjukke klientar. Dei treng ikkje
13467 harddisk og brukar minimalt med ressursar på tenaren fordi dei køyrer
13468 programma lokalt. Eit klasserom med 30 sju-åtte år gamle maskiner har
13469 mykje meir CPU og RAM totalt enn nokon moderne tenar til under
13470 millionen. Det trengst to kommandoar på den sentrale tenaren for å
13471 oppdatere alle klientane, både tynne og halvtjukke. Vi har ingen
13472 problem med diskar som ryk heller, som var eit problem før fordi
13473 elevane sat og sparka i maskinene. Og dei krev lite bandbreidde i
13474 nettet, so det er fullt mogleg å køyre slike på småskular med trege
13475 linjer mot tenaren på ein større skule.</p>
13476
13477 <p>Flora kommune har nesten 800 Linux-maskiner i sitt skulenett, og
13478 ein person som tek seg av drift av heile nettet, inkludert tenarar,
13479 klientar, operativsystem, programvare, heimekontorløysing og
13480 administrasjon av brukarar.</p>
13481
13482 <p>No skal det seiast at vi ikkje køyrer rein Skulelinux ut av
13483 boksen. Vi har gjort ein del tilpassingar mot noko Novell-greier som
13484 var der frå før, og som har komplisert installasjonen vår. Etter at
13485 oppsettet var gjort har løysinga vore stabil og kravd minimalt med
13486 arbeid.</p>
13487 </blockquote>
13488
13489 <p>Jeg vet at Narvik, Harstad og Oslo er kommuner der Skolelinux
13490 sentraldriftes med sentrale tjenere.  Det forteller meg at Steinkjers
13491 IT-sjef neppe bør skylde på Skolelinux-løsningen for sine 5 år gamle
13492 minner.</p>
13493
13494       </div>
13495       <div class="tags">
13496
13497
13498         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13499
13500
13501       </div>
13502     </div>
13503     <div class="padding"></div>
13504
13505     <div class="entry">
13506       <div class="title">
13507         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_manual_for_standards_wars___.html">A manual for standards wars...</a>
13508       </div>
13509       <div class="date">
13510          6th June 2010
13511       </div>
13512       <div class="body">
13513         <p>Via the
13514 <a href="http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/robweir/antic-atom/~3/QzU4RgoAGMg/weekly-links-10.html">blog
13515 of Rob Weir</a> I came across the very interesting essay named
13516 <a href="http://faculty.haas.berkeley.edu/shapiro/wars.pdf">The Art of
13517 Standards Wars</a> (PDF 25 pages).  I recommend it for everyone
13518 following the standards wars of today.</p>
13519
13520       </div>
13521       <div class="tags">
13522
13523
13524         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard</a>.
13525
13526
13527       </div>
13528     </div>
13529     <div class="padding"></div>
13530
13531     <div class="entry">
13532       <div class="title">
13533         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Sitesummary_tip__Listing_computer_hardware_models_used_at_site.html">Sitesummary tip: Listing computer hardware models used at site</a>
13534       </div>
13535       <div class="date">
13536          3rd June 2010
13537       </div>
13538       <div class="body">
13539         <p>When using sitesummary at a site to track machines, it is possible
13540 to get a list of the machine types in use thanks to the DMI
13541 information extracted from each machine.  The script to do so is
13542 included in the sitesummary package, and here is example output from
13543 the Skolelinux build servers:</p>
13544
13545 <blockquote><pre>
13546 maintainer:~# /usr/lib/sitesummary/hardware-model-summary
13547   vendor                    count
13548   Dell Computer Corporation     1
13549     PowerEdge 1750              1
13550   IBM                           1
13551     eserver xSeries 345 -[8670M1X]-     1
13552   Intel                         2
13553   [no-dmi-info]                 3
13554 maintainer:~#
13555 </pre></blockquote>
13556
13557 <p>The quality of the report depend on the quality of the DMI tables
13558 provided in each machine.  Here there are Intel machines without model
13559 information listed with Intel as vendor and no model, and virtual Xen
13560 machines listed as [no-dmi-info].  One can add -l as a command line
13561 option to list the individual machines.</p>
13562
13563 <p>A larger list is
13564 <a href="http://narvikskolen.no/sitesummary/">available from the the
13565 city of Narvik</a>, which uses Skolelinux on all their shools and also
13566 provide the basic sitesummary report publicly.  In their report there
13567 are ~1400 machines. I know they use both Ubuntu and Skolelinux on
13568 their machines, and as sitesummary is available in both distributions,
13569 it is trivial to get all of them to report to the same central
13570 collector.</p>
13571
13572       </div>
13573       <div class="tags">
13574
13575
13576         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
13577
13578
13579       </div>
13580     </div>
13581     <div class="padding"></div>
13582
13583     <div class="entry">
13584       <div class="title">
13585         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/KDM_fail_at_boot_with_NVidia_cards___and_no_one_try_to_fix_it_.html">KDM fail at boot with NVidia cards - and no one try to fix it?</a>
13586       </div>
13587       <div class="date">
13588          1st June 2010
13589       </div>
13590       <div class="body">
13591         <p>It is strange to watch how a bug in Debian causing KDM to fail to
13592 start at boot when an NVidia video card is used is handled.  The
13593 problem seem to be that the nvidia X.org driver uses a long time to
13594 initialize, and this duration is longer than kdm is configured to
13595 wait.</p>
13596
13597 <p>I came across two bugs related to this issue,
13598 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/583312">#583312</a> initially filed
13599 against initscripts and passed on to nvidia-glx when it became obvious
13600 that the nvidia drivers were involved, and
13601 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/524751">#524751</a> initially filed against
13602 kdm and passed on to src:nvidia-graphics-drivers for unknown reasons.</p>
13603
13604 <p>To me, it seem that no-one is interested in actually solving the
13605 problem nvidia video card owners experience and make sure the Debian
13606 distribution work out of the box for these users.  The nvidia driver
13607 maintainers expect kdm to be set up to wait longer, while kdm expect
13608 the nvidia driver maintainers to fix the driver to start faster, and
13609 while they wait for each other I guess the users end up switching to a
13610 distribution that work for them.  I have no idea what the solution is,
13611 but I am pretty sure that waiting for each other is not it.</p>
13612
13613 <p>I wonder why we end up handling bugs this way.</p>
13614
13615       </div>
13616       <div class="tags">
13617
13618
13619         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13620
13621
13622       </div>
13623     </div>
13624     <div class="padding"></div>
13625
13626     <div class="entry">
13627       <div class="title">
13628         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Parallellized_boot_seem_to_hold_up_well_in_Debian_testing.html">Parallellized boot seem to hold up well in Debian/testing</a>
13629       </div>
13630       <div class="date">
13631         27th May 2010
13632       </div>
13633       <div class="body">
13634         <p>A few days ago, parallel booting was enabled in Debian/testing.
13635 The feature seem to hold up pretty well, but three fairly serious
13636 issues are known and should be solved:
13637
13638 <p><ul>
13639
13640 <li>The wicd package seen to
13641 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/508289">break NFS mounting</a> and
13642 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/581586">network setup</a> when
13643 parallel booting is enabled.  No idea why, but the wicd maintainer
13644 seem to be on the case.</li>
13645
13646 <li>The nvidia X driver seem to
13647 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/583312">have a race condition</a>
13648 triggered more easily when parallel booting is in effect.  The
13649 maintainer is on the case.</li>
13650
13651 <li>The sysv-rc package fail to properly enable dependency based boot
13652 sequencing (the shutdown is broken) when old file-rc users
13653 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/575080">try to switch back</a> to
13654 sysv-rc.  One way to solve it would be for file-rc to create
13655 /etc/init.d/.legacy-bootordering, and another is to try to make
13656 sysv-rc more robust.  Will investigate some more and probably upload a
13657 workaround in sysv-rc to help those trying to move from file-rc to
13658 sysv-rc get a working shutdown.</li>
13659
13660 </ul></p>
13661
13662 <p>All in all not many surprising issues, and all of them seem
13663 solvable before Squeeze is released.  In addition to these there are
13664 some packages with bugs in their dependencies and run level settings,
13665 which I expect will be fixed in a reasonable time span.</p>
13666
13667 <p>If you report any problems with dependencies in init.d scripts to
13668 the BTS, please usertag the report to get it to show up at
13669 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/pkgreport.cgi?users=initscripts-ng-devel@lists.alioth.debian.org">the
13670 list of usertagged bugs related to this</a>.</p>
13671
13672 <p>Update: Correct bug number to file-rc issue.</p>
13673
13674       </div>
13675       <div class="tags">
13676
13677
13678         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13679
13680
13681       </div>
13682     </div>
13683     <div class="padding"></div>
13684
13685     <div class="entry">
13686       <div class="title">
13687         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/More_flexible_firmware_handling_in_debian_installer.html">More flexible firmware handling in debian-installer</a>
13688       </div>
13689       <div class="date">
13690         22nd May 2010
13691       </div>
13692       <div class="body">
13693         <p>After a long break from debian-installer development, I finally
13694 found time today to return to the project.  Having to spend less time
13695 working dependency based boot in debian, as it is almost complete now,
13696 definitely helped freeing some time.</p>
13697
13698 <p>A while back, I ran into a problem while working on Debian Edu.  We
13699 include some firmware packages on the Debian Edu CDs, those needed to
13700 get disk and network controllers working.  Without having these
13701 firmware packages available during installation, it is impossible to
13702 install Debian Edu on the given machine, and because our target group
13703 are non-technical people, asking them to provide firmware packages on
13704 an external medium is a support pain.  Initially, I expected it to be
13705 enough to include the firmware packages on the CD to get
13706 debian-installer to find and use them.  This proved to be wrong.
13707 Next, I hoped it was enough to symlink the relevant firmware packages
13708 to some useful location on the CD (tried /cdrom/ and
13709 /cdrom/firmware/).  This also proved to not work, and at this point I
13710 found time to look at the debian-installer code to figure out what was
13711 going to work.</p>
13712
13713 <p>The firmware loading code is in the hw-detect package, and a closer
13714 look revealed that it would only look for firmware packages outside
13715 the installation media, so the CD was never checked for firmware
13716 packages.  It would only check USB sticks, floppies and other
13717 "external" media devices.  Today I changed it to also look in the
13718 /cdrom/firmware/ directory on the mounted CD or DVD, which should
13719 solve the problem I ran into with Debian edu.  I also changed it to
13720 look in /firmware/, to make sure the installer also find firmware
13721 provided in the initrd when booting the installer via PXE, to allow us
13722 to provide the same feature in the PXE setup included in Debian
13723 Edu.</p>
13724
13725 <p>To make sure firmware deb packages with a license questions are not
13726 activated without asking if the license is accepted, I extended
13727 hw-detect to look for preinst scripts in the firmware packages, and
13728 run these before activating the firmware during installation.  The
13729 license question is asked using debconf in the preinst, so this should
13730 solve the issue for the firmware packages I have looked at so far.</p>
13731
13732 <p>If you want to discuss the details of these features, please
13733 contact us on debian-boot@lists.debian.org.</p>
13734
13735       </div>
13736       <div class="tags">
13737
13738
13739         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13740
13741
13742       </div>
13743     </div>
13744     <div class="padding"></div>
13745
13746     <div class="entry">
13747       <div class="title">
13748         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Pieces_of_the_roaming_laptop_puzzle_in_Debian.html">Pieces of the roaming laptop puzzle in Debian</a>
13749       </div>
13750       <div class="date">
13751         19th May 2010
13752       </div>
13753       <div class="body">
13754         <p>Today, the last piece of the puzzle for roaming laptops in Debian
13755 Edu finally entered the Debian archive.  Today, the new
13756 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/libp/libpam-mklocaluser.html">libpam-mklocaluser</a>
13757 package was accepted.  Two days ago, two other pieces was accepted
13758 into unstable.  The
13759 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/p/pam-python.html">pam-python</a>
13760 package needed by libpam-mklocaluser, and the
13761 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/sssd.html">sssd</a> package
13762 passed NEW on Monday.  In addition, the
13763 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/libp/libpam-ccreds.html">libpam-ccreds</a>
13764 package we need is in experimental (version 10-4) since Saturday, and
13765 hopefully will be moved to unstable soon.</p>
13766
13767 <p>This collection of packages allow for two different setups for
13768 roaming laptops.  The traditional setup would be using libpam-ccreds,
13769 nscd and libpam-mklocaluser with LDAP or Kerberos authentication,
13770 which should work out of the box if the configuration changes proposed
13771 for nscd in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/485282">BTS report
13772 #485282</a> is implemented.  The alternative setup is to use sssd with
13773 libpam-mklocaluser to connect to LDAP or Kerberos and let sssd take
13774 care of the caching of passwords and group information.</p>
13775
13776 <p>I have so far been unable to get sssd to work with the LDAP server
13777 at the University, but suspect the issue is some SSL/GnuTLS related
13778 problem with the server certificate.  I plan to update the Debian
13779 package to version 1.2, which is scheduled for next week, and hope to
13780 find time to make sure the next release will include both the
13781 Debian/Ubuntu specific patches.  Upstream is friendly and responsive,
13782 and I am sure we will find a good solution.</p>
13783
13784 <p>The idea is to set up the roaming laptops to authenticate using
13785 LDAP or Kerberos and create a local user with home directory in /home/
13786 when a usre in LDAP logs in via KDM or GDM for the first time, and
13787 cache the password for offline checking, as well as caching group
13788 memberhips and other relevant LDAP information.  The
13789 libpam-mklocaluser package was created to make sure the local home
13790 directory is in /home/, instead of /site/server/directory/ which would
13791 be the home directory if pam_mkhomedir was used.  To avoid confusion
13792 with support requests and configuration, we do not want local laptops
13793 to have users in a path that is used for the same users home directory
13794 on the home directory servers.</p>
13795
13796 <p>One annoying problem with gdm is that it do not show the PAM
13797 message passed to the user from libpam-mklocaluser when the local user
13798 is created.  Instead gdm simply reject the login with some generic
13799 message.  The message is shown in kdm, ssh and login, so I guess it is
13800 a bug in gdm.  Have not investigated if there is some other message
13801 type that can be used instead to get gdm to also show the message.</p>
13802
13803 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
13804 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
13805
13806       </div>
13807       <div class="tags">
13808
13809
13810         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13811
13812
13813       </div>
13814     </div>
13815     <div class="padding"></div>
13816
13817     <div class="entry">
13818       <div class="title">
13819         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Parallellized_boot_is_now_the_default_in_Debian_unstable.html">Parallellized boot is now the default in Debian/unstable</a>
13820       </div>
13821       <div class="date">
13822         14th May 2010
13823       </div>
13824       <div class="body">
13825         <p>Since this evening, parallel booting is the default in
13826 Debian/unstable for machines using dependency based boot sequencing.
13827 Apparently the testing of concurrent booting has been wider than
13828 expected, if I am to believe the
13829 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-devel/2010/05/msg00122.html">input
13830 on debian-devel@</a>, and I concluded a few days ago to move forward
13831 with the feature this weekend, to give us some time to detect any
13832 remaining problems before Squeeze is frozen.  If serious problems are
13833 detected, it is simple to change the default back to sequential boot.
13834 The upload of the new sysvinit package also activate a new upstream
13835 version.</p>
13836
13837 More information about
13838 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/LSBInitScripts/DependencyBasedBoot">dependency
13839 based boot sequencing</a> is available from the Debian wiki.  It is
13840 currently possible to disable parallel booting when one run into
13841 problems caused by it, by adding this line to /etc/default/rcS:</p>
13842
13843 <blockquote><pre>
13844 CONCURRENCY=none
13845 </pre></blockquote>
13846
13847 <p>If you report any problems with dependencies in init.d scripts to
13848 the BTS, please usertag the report to get it to show up at
13849 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/pkgreport.cgi?users=initscripts-ng-devel@lists.alioth.debian.org">the
13850 list of usertagged bugs related to this</a>.</p>
13851
13852       </div>
13853       <div class="tags">
13854
13855
13856         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13857
13858
13859       </div>
13860     </div>
13861     <div class="padding"></div>
13862
13863     <div class="entry">
13864       <div class="title">
13865         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Sitesummary_tip__Listing_MAC_address_of_all_clients.html">Sitesummary tip: Listing MAC address of all clients</a>
13866       </div>
13867       <div class="date">
13868         14th May 2010
13869       </div>
13870       <div class="body">
13871         <p>In the recent Debian Edu versions, the
13872 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/SiteSummary">sitesummary
13873 system</a> is used to keep track of the machines in the school
13874 network.  Each machine will automatically report its status to the
13875 central server after boot and once per night.  The network setup is
13876 also reported, and using this information it is possible to get the
13877 MAC address of all network interfaces in the machines.  This is useful
13878 to update the DHCP configuration.</p>
13879
13880 <p>To give some idea how to use sitesummary, here is a one-liner to
13881 ist all MAC addresses of all machines reporting to sitesummary.  Run
13882 this on the collector host:</p>
13883
13884 <blockquote><pre>
13885 perl -MSiteSummary -e 'for_all_hosts(sub { print join(" ", get_macaddresses(shift)), "\n"; });'
13886 </pre></blockquote>
13887
13888 <p>This will list all MAC addresses assosiated with all machine, one
13889 line per machine and with space between the MAC addresses.</p>
13890
13891 <p>To allow system administrators easier job at adding static DHCP
13892 addresses for hosts, it would be possible to extend this to fetch
13893 machine information from sitesummary and update the DHCP and DNS
13894 tables in LDAP using this information.  Such tool is unfortunately not
13895 written yet.</p>
13896
13897       </div>
13898       <div class="tags">
13899
13900
13901         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
13902
13903
13904       </div>
13905     </div>
13906     <div class="padding"></div>
13907
13908     <div class="entry">
13909       <div class="title">
13910         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Forcing_new_users_to_change_their_password_on_first_login.html">Forcing new users to change their password on first login</a>
13911       </div>
13912       <div class="date">
13913          2nd May 2010
13914       </div>
13915       <div class="body">
13916         <p>One interesting feature in Active Directory, is the ability to
13917 create a new user with an expired password, and thus force the user to
13918 change the password on the first login attempt.</p>
13919
13920 <p>I'm not quite sure how to do that with the LDAP setup in Debian
13921 Edu, but did some initial testing with a local account.  The account
13922 and password aging information is available in /etc/shadow, but
13923 unfortunately, it is not possible to specify an expiration time for
13924 passwords, only a maximum age for passwords.</p>
13925
13926 <p>A freshly created account (using adduser test) will have these
13927 settings in /etc/shadow:</p>
13928
13929 <blockquote><pre>
13930 root@tjener:~# chage -l test
13931 Last password change                                    : May 02, 2010
13932 Password expires                                        : never
13933 Password inactive                                       : never
13934 Account expires                                         : never
13935 Minimum number of days between password change          : 0
13936 Maximum number of days between password change          : 99999
13937 Number of days of warning before password expires       : 7
13938 root@tjener:~#
13939 </pre></blockquote>
13940
13941 <p>The only way I could come up with to create a user with an expired
13942 account, is to change the date of the last password change to the
13943 lowest value possible (January 1th 1970), and the maximum password age
13944 to the difference in days between that date and today.  To make it
13945 simple, I went for 30 years (30 * 365 = 10950) and January 2th (to
13946 avoid testing if 0 is a valid value).</p>
13947
13948 <p>After using these commands to set it up, it seem to work as
13949 intended:</p>
13950
13951 <blockquote><pre>
13952 root@tjener:~# chage -d 1 test; chage -M 10950 test
13953 root@tjener:~# chage -l test
13954 Last password change                                    : Jan 02, 1970
13955 Password expires                                        : never
13956 Password inactive                                       : never
13957 Account expires                                         : never
13958 Minimum number of days between password change          : 0
13959 Maximum number of days between password change          : 10950
13960 Number of days of warning before password expires       : 7
13961 root@tjener:~#
13962 </pre></blockquote>
13963
13964 <p>So far I have tested this with ssh and console, and kdm (in
13965 Squeeze) login, and all ask for a new password before login in the
13966 user (with ssh, I was thrown out and had to log in again).</p>
13967
13968 <p>Perhaps we should set up something similar for Debian Edu, to make
13969 sure only the user itself have the account password?</p>
13970
13971 <p>If you want to comment on or help out with implementing this for
13972 Debian Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
13973
13974 <p>Update 2010-05-02 17:20: Paul Tötterman tells me on IRC that the
13975 shadow(8) page in Debian/testing now state that setting the date of
13976 last password change to zero (0) will force the password to be changed
13977 on the first login.  This was not mentioned in the manual in Lenny, so
13978 I did not notice this in my initial testing.  I have tested it on
13979 Squeeze, and '<tt>chage -d 0 username</tt>' do work there.  I have not
13980 tested it on Lenny yet.</p>
13981
13982 <p>Update 2010-05-02-19:05: Jim Paris tells me via email that an
13983 equivalent command to expire a password is '<tt>passwd -e
13984 username</tt>', which insert zero into the date of the last password
13985 change.</p>
13986
13987       </div>
13988       <div class="tags">
13989
13990
13991         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet</a>.
13992
13993
13994       </div>
13995     </div>
13996     <div class="padding"></div>
13997
13998     <div class="entry">
13999       <div class="title">
14000         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Thoughts_on_roaming_laptop_setup_for_Debian_Edu.html">Thoughts on roaming laptop setup for Debian Edu</a>
14001       </div>
14002       <div class="date">
14003         28th April 2010
14004       </div>
14005       <div class="body">
14006         <p>For some years now, I have wondered how we should handle laptops in
14007 Debian Edu.  The Debian Edu infrastructure is mostly designed to
14008 handle stationary computers, and less suited for computers that come
14009 and go.</p>
14010
14011 <p>Now I finally believe I have an sensible idea on how to adjust
14012 Debian Edu for laptops, by introducing a new profile for them, for
14013 example called Roaming Workstations.  Here are my thought on this.
14014 The setup would consist of the following:</p>
14015
14016 <ul>
14017
14018  <li>During installation, the user name of the owner / primary user of
14019    the laptop is requested and a local home directory is set up for
14020    the user, with uid and gid information fetched from the LDAP
14021    server.  This allow the user to work also when offline.  The
14022    central home directory can be available in a subdirectory on
14023    request, for example mounted via CIFS.  It could be mounted
14024    automatically when a user log in while on the Debian Edu network,
14025    and unmounted when the machine is taken away (network down,
14026    hibernate, etc), it can be set up to do automatic mounting on
14027    request (using autofs), or perhaps some GUI button on the desktop
14028    can be used to access it when needed.  Perhaps it is enough to use
14029    the fish protocol in KDE?</li>
14030
14031  <li>Password checking is set up to use LDAP or Kerberos
14032    authentication when the machine is on the Debian Edu network, and
14033    to cache the password for offline checking when the machine unable
14034    to reach the LDAP or Kerberos server.  This can be done using
14035    <a href="http://www.padl.com/OSS/pam_ccreds.html">libpam-ccreds</a>
14036    or the Fedora developed
14037    <a href="https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/SSSD">System
14038    Security Services Daemon</a> packages.</li>
14039
14040  <li>File synchronisation with the central home directory is set up
14041    using a shared directory in both the local and the central home
14042    directory, using unison.</li>
14043
14044  <li>Printing should be set up to print to all printers broadcasting
14045    their existence on the local network, and should then work out of
14046    the box with CUPS.  For sites needing accurate printer quotas, some
14047    system with Kerberos authentication or printing via ssh could be
14048    implemented.</li>
14049
14050  <li>For users that should have local root access to their laptop,
14051    sudo should be used to allow this to the local user.</li>
14052
14053  <li>It would be nice if user and group information from LDAP is
14054    cached on the client, but given that there are entries for the
14055    local user and primary group in /etc/, it should not be needed.</li>
14056
14057 </ul>
14058
14059 <p>I believe all the pieces to implement this are in Debian/testing at
14060 the moment.  If we work quickly, we should be able to get this ready
14061 in time for the Squeeze release to freeze.  Some of the pieces need
14062 tweaking, like libpam-ccreds should get support for pam-auth-update
14063 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/566718">#566718</a>) and nslcd (or
14064 perhaps debian-edu-config) should get some integration code to stop
14065 its daemon when the LDAP server is unavailable to avoid long timeouts
14066 when disconnected from the net.  If we get Kerberos enabled, we need
14067 to make sure we avoid long timeouts there too.</p>
14068
14069 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
14070 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
14071
14072       </div>
14073       <div class="tags">
14074
14075
14076         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14077
14078
14079       </div>
14080     </div>
14081     <div class="padding"></div>
14082
14083     <div class="entry">
14084       <div class="title">
14085         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Kerberos_for_Debian_Edu_Squeeze_.html">Kerberos for Debian Edu/Squeeze?</a>
14086       </div>
14087       <div class="date">
14088         14th April 2010
14089       </div>
14090       <div class="body">
14091         <p><a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20100413-kerberos/">Yesterdays
14092 NUUG presentation</a> about Kerberos was inspiring, and reminded me
14093 about the need to start using Kerberos in Skolelinux.  Setting up a
14094 Kerberos server seem to be straight forward, and if we get this in
14095 place a long time before the Squeeze version of Debian freezes, we
14096 have a chance to migrate Skolelinux away from NFSv3 for the home
14097 directories, and over to an architecture where the infrastructure do
14098 not have to trust IP addresses and machines, and instead can trust
14099 users and cryptographic keys instead.</p>
14100
14101 <p>A challenge will be integration and administration.  Is there a
14102 Kerberos implementation for Debian where one can control the
14103 administration access in Kerberos using LDAP groups?  With it, the
14104 school administration will have to maintain access control using flat
14105 files on the main server, which give a huge potential for errors.</p>
14106
14107 <p>A related question I would like to know is how well Kerberos and
14108 pam-ccreds (offline password check) work together.  Anyone know?</p>
14109
14110 <p>Next step will be to use Kerberos for access control in Lwat and
14111 Nagios.  I have no idea how much work that will be to implement.  We
14112 would also need to document how to integrate with Windows AD, as such
14113 shared network will require two Kerberos realms that need to cooperate
14114 to work properly.</p>
14115
14116 <p>I believe a good start would be to start using Kerberos on the
14117 skolelinux.no machines, and this way get ourselves experience with
14118 configuration and integration.  A natural starting point would be
14119 setting up ldap.skolelinux.no as the Kerberos server, and migrate the
14120 rest of the machines from PAM via LDAP to PAM via Kerberos one at the
14121 time.</p>
14122
14123 <p>If you would like to contribute to get this working in Skolelinux,
14124 I recommend you to see the video recording from yesterdays NUUG
14125 presentation, and start using Kerberos at home.  The video show show
14126 up in a few days.</p>
14127
14128       </div>
14129       <div class="tags">
14130
14131
14132         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14133
14134
14135       </div>
14136     </div>
14137     <div class="padding"></div>
14138
14139     <div class="entry">
14140       <div class="title">
14141         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/After_6_years_of_waiting__the_Xreset_d_feature_is_implemented.html">After 6 years of waiting, the Xreset.d feature is implemented</a>
14142       </div>
14143       <div class="date">
14144          6th March 2010
14145       </div>
14146       <div class="body">
14147         <p>6 years ago, as part of the Debian Edu development I am involved
14148 in, I asked for a hook in the kdm and gdm setup to run scripts as root
14149 when the user log out.  A bug was submitted against the xfree86-common
14150 package in 2004 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/230422">#230422</a>),
14151 and revisited every time Debian Edu was working on a new release.
14152 Today, this finally paid off.</p>
14153
14154 <p>The framework for this feature was today commited to the git
14155 repositry for the xorg package, and the git repository for xdm has
14156 been updated to use this framework.  Next on my agenda is to make sure
14157 kdm and gdm also add code to use this framework.</p>
14158
14159 <p>In Debian Edu, we want to ability to run commands as root when the
14160 user log out, to get rid of runaway processes and do general cleanup
14161 after a user.  With this framework in place, we finally can do that in
14162 a generic way that work with all display managers using this
14163 framework.  My goal is to get all display managers in Debian use it,
14164 similar to how they use the Xsession.d framework today.<p>
14165
14166       </div>
14167       <div class="tags">
14168
14169
14170         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14171
14172
14173       </div>
14174     </div>
14175     <div class="padding"></div>
14176
14177     <div class="entry">
14178       <div class="title">
14179         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Lenny_released__work_continues.html">Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Lenny released, work continues</a>
14180       </div>
14181       <div class="date">
14182         11th February 2010
14183       </div>
14184       <div class="body">
14185         <p>On Tuesday, the Debian/Lenny based version of
14186 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> was finally
14187 shipped.  This was a major leap forward for the project, and I am very
14188 pleased that we finally got the release wrapped up.  Work on the first
14189 point release starts imediately, as we plan to get that one out a
14190 month after the major release, to include all fixes for bugs we found
14191 and fixed too late in the release process to include last Tuesday.</p>
14192
14193 <p>Perhaps it even is time for some partying?</p>
14194
14195 <p>After this first point release, my plan is to focus again on the
14196 next major release, based on Squeeze.  We will try to get as many of
14197 the fixes we need into the official Debian packages before the freeze,
14198 and have just a few weeks or months to make it happen.</p>
14199
14200       </div>
14201       <div class="tags">
14202
14203
14204         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14205
14206
14207       </div>
14208     </div>
14209     <div class="padding"></div>
14210
14211     <div class="entry">
14212       <div class="title">
14213         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_Munin_and_Nagios_configuration.html">Automatic Munin and Nagios configuration</a>
14214       </div>
14215       <div class="date">
14216         27th January 2010
14217       </div>
14218       <div class="body">
14219         <p>One of the new features in the next Debian/Lenny based release of
14220 Debian Edu/Skolelinux, which is scheduled for release in the next few
14221 days, is automatic configuration of the service monitoring system
14222 Nagios.  The previous release had automatic configuration of trend
14223 analysis using Munin, and this Lenny based release take that a step
14224 further.</p>
14225
14226 <p>When installing a Debian Edu Main-server, it is automatically
14227 configured as a Munin and Nagios server.  In addition, it is
14228 configured to be a server for the
14229 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/SiteSummary">SiteSummary
14230 system</a> I have written for use in Debian Edu.  The SiteSummary
14231 system is inspired by a system used by the University of Oslo where I
14232 work.  In short, the system provide a centralised collector of
14233 information about the computers on the network, and a client on each
14234 computer submitting information to this collector.  This allow for
14235 automatic information on which packages are installed on each machine,
14236 which kernel the machines are using, what kind of configuration the
14237 packages got etc.  This also allow us to automatically generate Munin
14238 and Nagios configuration.</p>
14239
14240 <p>All computers reporting to the sitesummary collector with the
14241 munin-node package installed is automatically enabled as a Munin
14242 client and graphs from the statistics collected from that machine show
14243 up automatically on http://www/munin/ on the Main-server.</p>
14244
14245 <p>All non-laptop computers reporting to the sitesummary collector are
14246 automatically monitored for network presence (ping and any network
14247 services detected).  In addition, all computers (also laptops) with
14248 the nagios-nrpe-server package installed and configured the way
14249 sitesummary would configure it, are monitored for full disks, software
14250 raid status, swap free and other checks that need to run locally on
14251 the machine.</p>
14252
14253 <p>The result is that the administrator on a school using Debian Edu
14254 based on Lenny will be able to check the health of his installation
14255 with one look at the Nagios settings, without having to spend any time
14256 keeping the Nagios configuration up-to-date.</p>
14257
14258 <p>The only configuration one need to do to get Nagios up and running
14259 is to set the password used to get access via HTTP.  The system
14260 administrator need to run "<tt>htpasswd /etc/nagios3/htpasswd.users
14261 nagiosadmin</tt>" to create a nagiosadmin user and set a password for
14262 it to be able to log into the Nagios web pages.  After that,
14263 everything is taken care of.</p>
14264
14265       </div>
14266       <div class="tags">
14267
14268
14269         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
14270
14271
14272       </div>
14273     </div>
14274     <div class="padding"></div>
14275
14276     <div class="entry">
14277       <div class="title">
14278         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Opphavet_til_Skolelinux_prosjektet.html">Opphavet til Skolelinux-prosjektet</a>
14279       </div>
14280       <div class="date">
14281         17th December 2009
14282       </div>
14283       <div class="body">
14284         <p>De færreste er klar over at Skolelinux-prosjektet kom som et resultat
14285 av en avgjørelse på årsmøtet i
14286 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">NUUG</a> i 2000-06-29, der Håkon Wium
14287 Lie, da varamedlem i styret, tok på seg oppdraget om å starte et
14288 initiativ kalt "Teach the Teacher", som skulle være et initiativ for
14289 å få fri programvare og unix-lignende operativsystemer inn i Skolen.
14290 Tanken var at en måtte starte med lærerne for at ungene skulle få
14291 mulighet til å møte en bedre IT-hverdag.  Jeg var tilstede på
14292 møtet, og hadde sans for ideen, men intet skjedde.  På vårparten
14293 2001 ble det arrangert en demonstrasjon i anledning at First Tuesday
14294 hadde invitert Microsoft til et møte for å fortelle om fremtidens
14295 Internet.  Dette provoserte endel av oss, og EFN og NUUG tok initiativ
14296 til å arrangere
14297 <a href="http://www.digi.no/60982/first-tuesday-mote-med-microsoft-protest">en
14298 demonstrasjon utenfor lokalene 2001-05-21</a>.  Blant de som sto bak
14299 demonstrasjonen var Vidar Bakke fra NUUG og Håkon W. Lie fra EFN.
14300 Etter demonstrasjonen arrangerte Håkon en fest hjemme hos seg der alle
14301 som hadde vært aktive i demonstrasjonsplanlegging og gjennomføringen
14302 deltok.  Før festen var jeg blitt lei av å vente på at Håkon skulle ta
14303 initiativ til "Teach the Teacher", og for å forsøke å få litt fremgang
14304 besteme jeg meg for å benytte anledningen hos Håkon til å snakke om
14305 behovet for å hjelpe skolene i gang med bedre datasystemer bestående
14306 av fri programvare og unix-lignende operativsystemer.  Flere var
14307 interessert, og Knut Yrvin tenkte på ideen.  Han
14308 <a href="http://developer.skolelinux.no/brev/2001-06-28-invitasjon-skolelinux.txt">ropte
14309 sammen</a> til et stiftelsesmøte i prosjektet i sin arbeidsgivers
14310 Objectwares lokaler ved Ullevål stadion 2001-07-02, og jeg ble med.
14311 Resten er historie. :)</p>
14312
14313       </div>
14314       <div class="tags">
14315
14316
14317         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14318
14319
14320       </div>
14321     </div>
14322     <div class="padding"></div>
14323
14324     <div class="entry">
14325       <div class="title">
14326         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_operativt_webbasert_medlemsregister_for_Fri_programvare_i_skolen.html">Endelig operativt webbasert medlemsregister for Fri programvare i skolen</a>
14327       </div>
14328       <div class="date">
14329          2nd November 2009
14330       </div>
14331       <div class="body">
14332         <p>Under helgens utviklersamling i
14333 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.no/">Skolelinux</a> fikk jeg endelig
14334 satt meg ned sammen med Ronny Aasen i styret for å få et webbasert
14335 medlemsregister tilbake på plass for foreningen som passer på
14336 skolelinuxprosjektet.  Etter flere års knot og problemer, er nå
14337 memberdb satt opp og klart til bruk.  Import av det gamle
14338 medlemsregisteret har vist seg vanskelig, så alle medlemmer bes om å
14339 registrere seg på nytt.  Hvis du støtter FRiSKs formål så er du
14340 hjertelig velkommen til
14341 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">å melde deg
14342 inn</a>. Formålet lyder:</p>
14343
14344 <blockquote>Linux i skolen skal tilrettelegge for og informere om bruk
14345 av fri programvare, i henhold til Debian Free Software Guidelines av
14346 2002-02-03, i den norske skolen, slik som f.eks. Linux og
14347 GNU.</blockquote>
14348
14349       </div>
14350       <div class="tags">
14351
14352
14353         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
14354
14355
14356       </div>
14357     </div>
14358     <div class="padding"></div>
14359
14360     <div class="entry">
14361       <div class="title">
14362         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Returning_from_Skolelinux_developer_gathering.html">Returning from Skolelinux developer gathering</a>
14363       </div>
14364       <div class="date">
14365         29th March 2009
14366       </div>
14367       <div class="body">
14368         <p>I'm sitting on the train going home from this weekends Debian
14369 Edu/Skolelinux development gathering.  I got a bit done tuning the
14370 desktop, and looked into the dynamic service location protocol
14371 implementation avahi.  It look like it could be useful for us.  Almost
14372 30 people participated, and I believe it was a great environment to
14373 get to know the Skolelinux system.  Walter Bender, involved in the
14374 development of the Sugar educational platform, presented his stuff and
14375 also helped me improve my OLPC installation.  He also showed me that
14376 his Turtle Art application can be used in standalone mode, and we
14377 agreed that I would help getting it packaged for Debian.  As a
14378 standalone application it would be great for Debian Edu.  We also
14379 tried to get the video conferencing working with two OLPCs, but that
14380 proved to be too hard for us.  The application seem to need more work
14381 before it is ready for me.  I look forward to getting home and relax
14382 now. :)</p>
14383
14384       </div>
14385       <div class="tags">
14386
14387
14388         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14389
14390
14391       </div>
14392     </div>
14393     <div class="padding"></div>
14394
14395     <div class="entry">
14396       <div class="title">
14397         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">Time for new  LDAP schemas replacing RFC 2307?</a>
14398       </div>
14399       <div class="date">
14400         29th March 2009
14401       </div>
14402       <div class="body">
14403         <p>The state of standardized LDAP schemas on Linux is far from
14404 optimal.  There is RFC 2307 documenting one way to store NIS maps in
14405 LDAP, and a modified version of this normally called RFC 2307bis, with
14406 some modifications to be compatible with Active Directory.  The RFC
14407 specification handle the content of a lot of system databases, but do
14408 not handle DNS zones and DHCP configuration.</p>
14409
14410 <p>In <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux</a>,
14411 we would like to store information about users, SMB clients/hosts,
14412 filegroups, netgroups (users and hosts), DHCP and DNS configuration,
14413 and LTSP configuration in LDAP.  These objects have a lot in common,
14414 but with the current LDAP schemas it is not possible to have one
14415 object per entity.  For example, one need to have at least three LDAP
14416 objects for a given computer, one with the SMB related stuff, one with
14417 DNS information and another with DHCP information.  The schemas
14418 provided for DNS and DHCP are impossible to combine into one LDAP
14419 object.  In addition, it is impossible to implement quick queries for
14420 netgroup membership, because of the way NIS triples are implemented.
14421 It just do not scale.  I believe it is time for a few RFC
14422 specifications to cleam up this mess.</p>
14423
14424 <p>I would like to have one LDAP object representing each computer in
14425 the network, and this object can then keep the SMB (ie host key), DHCP
14426 (mac address/name) and DNS (name/IP address) settings in one place.
14427 It need to be efficently stored to make sure it scale well.</p>
14428
14429 <p>I would also like to have a quick way to map from a user or
14430 computer and to the net group this user or computer is a member.</p>
14431
14432 <p>Active Directory have done a better job than unix heads like myself
14433 in this regard, and the unix side need to catch up.  Time to start a
14434 new IETF work group?</p>
14435
14436       </div>
14437       <div class="tags">
14438
14439
14440         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14441
14442
14443       </div>
14444     </div>
14445     <div class="padding"></div>
14446
14447     <div class="entry">
14448       <div class="title">
14449         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_er_Debian_Lenny_gitt_ut.html">Endelig er Debian Lenny gitt ut</a>
14450       </div>
14451       <div class="date">
14452         15th February 2009
14453       </div>
14454       <div class="body">
14455         <p>Endelig er <a href="http://www.debian.org/">Debian</a>
14456 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2009/20090214">Lenny</a> gitt ut.
14457 Et langt steg videre for Debian-prosjektet, og en rekke nye
14458 programpakker blir nå tilgjengelig for de av oss som bruker den
14459 stabile utgaven av Debian.  Neste steg er nå å få
14460 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> /
14461 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/">Debian Edu</a> ferdig
14462 oppdatert for den nye utgaven, slik at en oppdatert versjon kan
14463 slippes løs på skolene.  Takk til alle debian-utviklerne som har
14464 gjort dette mulig.  Endelig er f.eks. fungerende avhengighetsstyrt
14465 bootsekvens tilgjengelig i stabil utgave, vha pakken
14466 <tt>insserv</tt>.</p>
14467
14468       </div>
14469       <div class="tags">
14470
14471
14472         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
14473
14474
14475       </div>
14476     </div>
14477     <div class="padding"></div>
14478
14479     <div class="entry">
14480       <div class="title">
14481         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_norsk_stavekontroll_med_st_tte_for_ord_med_bindestrek.html">Endelig norsk stavekontroll med støtte for ord med bindestrek</a>
14482       </div>
14483       <div class="date">
14484         26th December 2008
14485       </div>
14486       <div class="body">
14487         <p>Etter flere års mislykkede forsøk på å skrive om byggesystemet for
14488 <a href="http://no.speling.org/">den norske stavekontrollen for bokmål
14489 og nynorsk</a> til å ikke bruke bindestrek som ordskillemarkør, lyktes jeg
14490 endelig første juledag.  Bruken av bindestrek som ordskillemarkør har
14491 gjort det umulig å få med ord med bindestrek i
14492 stavekontrolldatagrunnlaget, slik at ord som e-post og CD-spiller ikke
14493 kunne godtas av stavekontrollen.  Hadde litt tid til overs å bruke på
14494 stavekontrollen, og satte meg ned med to kopier av byggsystemet og en
14495 liten testdatafil, og byttet ut - med = på utvalgte steder i
14496 byggsystemet og datafilen helt til jeg fikk samme resultat med det
14497 gamle og det nye byggsystemet.  Dette tror jeg var forsøk 4, der de
14498 foregående har feilet uten at jeg klarte å forstå hvorfor.  Det sier
14499 kanskje litt om kompleksiteten i det originale byggsystemet som Rune
14500 Kleveland laget i sin tid.</p>
14501
14502 <p>Etter å ha endret byggsystemet, var neste steg å importere ordene
14503 med bindestrek.  Vi har en rekke slike i databasene for
14504 <a href="http://tyge.sslug.dk/~korsvoll/nb.speling.org/htdocs/">bokmål</a>
14505 og
14506 <a href="http://tyge.sslug.dk/~korsvoll/nn.speling.org/htdocs/">nynorsk</a>
14507 for korrektur av datagrunnlaget for stavekontrollen, og etter importen
14508 skulle nå 10350 nye ord bli godkjent som korrekt stavede ord av
14509 stavekontrollen.</p>
14510
14511       </div>
14512       <div class="tags">
14513
14514
14515         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
14516
14517
14518       </div>
14519     </div>
14520     <div class="padding"></div>
14521
14522     <div class="entry">
14523       <div class="title">
14524         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Devcamp_brought_us_closer_to_the_Lenny_based_Debian_Edu_release.html">Devcamp brought us closer to the Lenny based Debian Edu release</a>
14525       </div>
14526       <div class="date">
14527          7th December 2008
14528       </div>
14529       <div class="body">
14530         <p>This weekend we had a small developer gathering for Debian Edu in
14531 Oslo.  Most of Saturday was used for the general assemly for the
14532 member organization, but the rest of the weekend I used to tune the
14533 LTSP installation.  LTSP now work out of the box on the 10-network.
14534 Acer Aspire One proved to be a very nice thin client, with both
14535 screen, mouse and keybard in a small box.  Was working on getting the
14536 diskless workstation setup configured out of the box, but did not
14537 finish it before the weekend was up.</p>
14538
14539 <p>Did not find time to look at the 4 VGA cards in one box we got from
14540 the Brazilian group, so that will have to wait for the next
14541 development gathering.  Would love to have the Debian Edu installer
14542 automatically detect and configure a multiseat setup when it find one
14543 of these cards.</p>
14544
14545       </div>
14546       <div class="tags">
14547
14548
14549         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp</a>.
14550
14551
14552       </div>
14553     </div>
14554     <div class="padding"></div>
14555
14556     <div class="entry">
14557       <div class="title">
14558         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_sorry_state_of_multimedia_browser_plugins_in_Debian.html">The sorry state of multimedia browser plugins in Debian</a>
14559       </div>
14560       <div class="date">
14561         25th November 2008
14562       </div>
14563       <div class="body">
14564         <p>Recently I have spent some time evaluating the multimedia browser
14565 plugins available in Debian Lenny, to see which one we should use by
14566 default in Debian Edu.  We need an embedded video playing plugin with
14567 control buttons to pause or stop the video, and capable of streaming
14568 all the multimedia content available on the web.  The test results and
14569 notes are available on
14570 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/BrowserMultimedia">the
14571 Debian wiki</a>.  I was surprised how few of the plugins are able to
14572 fill this need.  My personal video player favorite, VLC, has a really
14573 bad plugin which fail on a lot of the test pages.  A lot of the MIME
14574 types I would expect to work with any free software player (like
14575 video/ogg), just do not work.  And simple formats like the
14576 audio/x-mplegurl format (m3u playlists), just isn't supported by the
14577 totem and vlc plugins.  I hope the situation will improve soon.  No
14578 wonder sites use the proprietary Adobe flash to play video.</p>
14579
14580 <p>For Lenny, we seem to end up with the mplayer plugin.  It seem to
14581 be the only one fitting our needs. :/</p>
14582
14583       </div>
14584       <div class="tags">
14585
14586
14587         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
14588
14589
14590       </div>
14591     </div>
14592     <div class="padding"></div>
14593
14594     <p style="text-align: right;"><a href="debian edu.rss"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/xml.gif" alt="RSS Feed" width="36" height="14" /></a></p>
14595     <div id="sidebar">
14596
14597
14598
14599 <h2>Archive</h2>
14600 <ul>
14601
14602 <li>2015
14603 <ul>
14604
14605 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/01/">January (7)</a></li>
14606
14607 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/02/">February (6)</a></li>
14608
14609 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/03/">March (1)</a></li>
14610
14611 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/04/">April (4)</a></li>
14612
14613 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/05/">May (3)</a></li>
14614
14615 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/06/">June (4)</a></li>
14616
14617 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/07/">July (6)</a></li>
14618
14619 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/08/">August (2)</a></li>
14620
14621 </ul></li>
14622
14623 <li>2014
14624 <ul>
14625
14626 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/01/">January (2)</a></li>
14627
14628 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/02/">February (3)</a></li>
14629
14630 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/03/">March (8)</a></li>
14631
14632 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/04/">April (7)</a></li>
14633
14634 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/05/">May (1)</a></li>
14635
14636 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/06/">June (2)</a></li>
14637
14638 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/07/">July (2)</a></li>
14639
14640 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/08/">August (2)</a></li>
14641
14642 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/09/">September (5)</a></li>
14643
14644 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/10/">October (6)</a></li>
14645
14646 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/11/">November (3)</a></li>
14647
14648 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/12/">December (5)</a></li>
14649
14650 </ul></li>
14651
14652 <li>2013
14653 <ul>
14654
14655 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/01/">January (11)</a></li>
14656
14657 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/02/">February (9)</a></li>
14658
14659 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/03/">March (9)</a></li>
14660
14661 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/04/">April (6)</a></li>
14662
14663 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/05/">May (9)</a></li>
14664
14665 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/06/">June (10)</a></li>
14666
14667 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/07/">July (7)</a></li>
14668
14669 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/08/">August (3)</a></li>
14670
14671 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/09/">September (5)</a></li>
14672
14673 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/10/">October (7)</a></li>
14674
14675 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/11/">November (9)</a></li>
14676
14677 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/12/">December (3)</a></li>
14678
14679 </ul></li>
14680
14681 <li>2012
14682 <ul>
14683
14684 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/01/">January (7)</a></li>
14685
14686 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/02/">February (10)</a></li>
14687
14688 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/03/">March (17)</a></li>
14689
14690 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/04/">April (12)</a></li>
14691
14692 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/05/">May (12)</a></li>
14693
14694 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/06/">June (20)</a></li>
14695
14696 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/07/">July (17)</a></li>
14697
14698 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/08/">August (6)</a></li>
14699
14700 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/09/">September (9)</a></li>
14701
14702 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/10/">October (17)</a></li>
14703
14704 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/11/">November (10)</a></li>
14705
14706 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/12/">December (7)</a></li>
14707
14708 </ul></li>
14709
14710 <li>2011
14711 <ul>
14712
14713 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/01/">January (16)</a></li>
14714
14715 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/02/">February (6)</a></li>
14716
14717 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/03/">March (6)</a></li>
14718
14719 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/04/">April (7)</a></li>
14720
14721 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/05/">May (3)</a></li>
14722
14723 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/06/">June (2)</a></li>
14724
14725 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/07/">July (7)</a></li>
14726
14727 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/08/">August (6)</a></li>
14728
14729 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/09/">September (4)</a></li>
14730
14731 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/10/">October (2)</a></li>
14732
14733 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/11/">November (3)</a></li>
14734
14735 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/12/">December (1)</a></li>
14736
14737 </ul></li>
14738
14739 <li>2010
14740 <ul>
14741
14742 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/01/">January (2)</a></li>
14743
14744 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/02/">February (1)</a></li>
14745
14746 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/03/">March (3)</a></li>
14747
14748 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/04/">April (3)</a></li>
14749
14750 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/05/">May (9)</a></li>
14751
14752 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/06/">June (14)</a></li>
14753
14754 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/07/">July (12)</a></li>
14755
14756 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/08/">August (13)</a></li>
14757
14758 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/09/">September (7)</a></li>
14759
14760 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/10/">October (9)</a></li>
14761
14762 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/11/">November (13)</a></li>
14763
14764 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/12/">December (12)</a></li>
14765
14766 </ul></li>
14767
14768 <li>2009
14769 <ul>
14770
14771 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/01/">January (8)</a></li>
14772
14773 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/02/">February (8)</a></li>
14774
14775 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/03/">March (12)</a></li>
14776
14777 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/04/">April (10)</a></li>
14778
14779 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/05/">May (9)</a></li>
14780
14781 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/06/">June (3)</a></li>
14782
14783 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/07/">July (4)</a></li>
14784
14785 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/08/">August (3)</a></li>
14786
14787 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/09/">September (1)</a></li>
14788
14789 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/10/">October (2)</a></li>
14790
14791 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/11/">November (3)</a></li>
14792
14793 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/12/">December (3)</a></li>
14794
14795 </ul></li>
14796
14797 <li>2008
14798 <ul>
14799
14800 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/11/">November (5)</a></li>
14801
14802 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/12/">December (7)</a></li>
14803
14804 </ul></li>
14805
14806 </ul>
14807
14808
14809
14810 <h2>Tags</h2>
14811 <ul>
14812
14813  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/3d-printer">3d-printer (13)</a></li>
14814
14815  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/amiga">amiga (1)</a></li>
14816
14817  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/aros">aros (1)</a></li>
14818
14819  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bankid">bankid (4)</a></li>
14820
14821  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bitcoin">bitcoin (8)</a></li>
14822
14823  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem (15)</a></li>
14824
14825  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bsa">bsa (2)</a></li>
14826
14827  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/chrpath">chrpath (2)</a></li>
14828
14829  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian (111)</a></li>
14830
14831  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu (153)</a></li>
14832
14833  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/digistan">digistan (10)</a></li>
14834
14835  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/dld">dld (15)</a></li>
14836
14837  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook (16)</a></li>
14838
14839  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/drivstoffpriser">drivstoffpriser (4)</a></li>
14840
14841  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english (286)</a></li>
14842
14843  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fiksgatami">fiksgatami (23)</a></li>
14844
14845  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fildeling">fildeling (12)</a></li>
14846
14847  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture (18)</a></li>
14848
14849  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freedombox">freedombox (9)</a></li>
14850
14851  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/frikanalen">frikanalen (16)</a></li>
14852
14853  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/h264">h264 (20)</a></li>
14854
14855  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju (42)</a></li>
14856
14857  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram (10)</a></li>
14858
14859  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kart">kart (19)</a></li>
14860
14861  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap (9)</a></li>
14862
14863  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker (8)</a></li>
14864
14865  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lsdvd">lsdvd (2)</a></li>
14866
14867  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp (1)</a></li>
14868
14869  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/mesh network">mesh network (8)</a></li>
14870
14871  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia (36)</a></li>
14872
14873  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk (264)</a></li>
14874
14875  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug (177)</a></li>
14876
14877  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn (19)</a></li>
14878
14879  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/open311">open311 (2)</a></li>
14880
14881  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett (53)</a></li>
14882
14883  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern (86)</a></li>
14884
14885  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/raid">raid (1)</a></li>
14886
14887  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reactos">reactos (1)</a></li>
14888
14889  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reprap">reprap (11)</a></li>
14890
14891  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rfid">rfid (3)</a></li>
14892
14893  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/robot">robot (9)</a></li>
14894
14895  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rss">rss (1)</a></li>
14896
14897  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ruter">ruter (4)</a></li>
14898
14899  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/scraperwiki">scraperwiki (2)</a></li>
14900
14901  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet (41)</a></li>
14902
14903  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary (4)</a></li>
14904
14905  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/skepsis">skepsis (4)</a></li>
14906
14907  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard (48)</a></li>
14908
14909  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll (3)</a></li>
14910
14911  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stortinget">stortinget (9)</a></li>
14912
14913  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance (33)</a></li>
14914
14915  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sysadmin">sysadmin (2)</a></li>
14916
14917  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/usenix">usenix (2)</a></li>
14918
14919  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/valg">valg (8)</a></li>
14920
14921  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video (54)</a></li>
14922
14923  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/vitenskap">vitenskap (4)</a></li>
14924
14925  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web (37)</a></li>
14926
14927 </ul>
14928
14929
14930     </div>
14931     <p style="text-align: right">
14932  Created by <a href="http://steve.org.uk/Software/chronicle">Chronicle v4.6</a>
14933 </p>
14934
14935   </body>
14936 </html>