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  13  <h1>
  14      <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/">Petter Reinholdtsen</a>
  15
  16  </h1>
  17
  18 </div>
  19
  20
  21     <h3>Entries tagged "debian edu".</h3>
  22
  23     <div class="entry">
  24       <div class="title">
  25         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_test_Debian_Edu_Jessie_despite_some_fatal_problems_with_the_installer.html">How to test Debian Edu Jessie despite some fatal problems with the installer</a>
  26       </div>
  27       <div class="date">
  28         26th September 2014
  29       </div>
  30       <div class="body">
  31         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
  32 project</a> provide a Linux solution for schools, including a
  33 powerful desktop with education software, a central server providing
  34 web pages, user database, user home directories, central login and PXE
  35 boot of both  clients without disk and the installation to install Debian
  36 Edu on machines with disk (and a few other services perhaps to small
  37 to mention here).  We in the Debian Edu team are currently working on
  38 the Jessie based version, trying to get everything in shape before the
  39 freeze, to avoid having to maintain our own package repository in the
  40 future.  The
  41 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie">current
  42 status</a> can be seen on the Debian wiki, and there is still heaps of
  43 work left.  Some fatal problems block testing, breaking the installer,
  44 but it is possible to work around these to get anyway.  Here is a
  45 recipe on how to get the installation limping along.</p>
  46
  47 <p>First, download the test ISO via
  48 <a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.no/cd-edu-testing-nolocal-netinst/debian-edu-amd64-i386-NETINST-1.iso">ftp</a>,
  49 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.no/cd-edu-testing-nolocal-netinst/debian-edu-amd64-i386-NETINST-1.iso">http</a>
  50 or rsync (use
  51 ftp.skolelinux.org::cd-edu-testing-nolocal-netinst/debian-edu-amd64-i386-NETINST-1.iso).
  52 The ISO build was broken on Tuesday, so we do not get a new ISO every
  53 12 hours or so, but thankfully the ISO we already got we are able to
  54 install with some tweaking.</p>
  55
  56 <p>When you get to the Debian Edu profile question, go to tty2
  57 (use Alt-Ctrl-F2), run</p>
  58
  59 <p><blockquote><pre>
  60 nano /usr/bin/edu-eatmydata-install
  61 </pre></blockquote></p>
  62
  63 <p>and add 'exit 0' as the second line, disabling the eatmydata
  64 optimization.  Return to the installation, select the profile you want
  65 and continue.  Without this change, exim4-config will fail to install
  66 due to a known bug in eatmydata.</p>
  67
  68 <p>When you get the grub question at the end, answer /dev/sda (or if
  69 this do not work, figure out what your correct value would be.  All my
  70 test machines need /dev/sda, so I have no advice if it do not fit
  71 your need.</p>
  72
  73 <p>If you installed a profile including a graphical desktop, log in as
  74 root after the initial boot from hard drive, and install the
  75 education-desktop-XXX metapackage.  XXX can be kde, gnome, lxde, xfce
  76 or mate.  If you want several desktop options, install more than one
  77 metapackage.  Once this is done, reboot and you should have a working
  78 graphical login screen.  This workaround should no longer be needed
  79 once the education-tasks package version 1.801 enter testing in two
  80 days.</p>
  81
  82 <p>I believe the ISO build will start working on two days when the new
  83 tasksel package enter testing and Steve McIntyre get a chance to
  84 update the debian-cd git repository.  The eatmydata, grub and desktop
  85 issues are already fixed in unstable and testing, and should show up
  86 on the ISO as soon as the ISO build start working again.  Well the
  87 eatmydata optimization is really just disabled.  The proper fix
  88 require an upload by the eatmydata maintainer applying the patch
  89 provided in bug <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/702711">#702711</a>.
  90 The rest have proper fixes in unstable.</p>
  91
  92 <p>I hope this get you going with the installation testing, as we are
  93 quickly running out of time trying to get our Jessie based
  94 installation ready before the distribution freeze in a month.</p>
  95
  96       </div>
  97       <div class="tags">
  98
  99
 100         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 101
 102
 103       </div>
 104     </div>
 105     <div class="padding"></div>
 106
 107     <div class="entry">
 108       <div class="title">
 109         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Speeding_up_the_Debian_installer_using_eatmydata_and_dpkg_divert.html">Speeding up the Debian installer using eatmydata and dpkg-divert</a>
 110       </div>
 111       <div class="date">
 112         16th September 2014
 113       </div>
 114       <div class="body">
 115         <p>The <a href="https://www.debian.org/">Debian</a> installer could be
 116 a lot quicker.  When we install more than 2000 packages in
 117 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a> using
 118 tasksel in the installer, unpacking the binary packages take forever.
 119 A part of the slow I/O issue was discussed in
 120 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/613428">bug #613428</a> about too
 121 much file system sync-ing done by dpkg, which is the package
 122 responsible for unpacking the binary packages.  Other parts (like code
 123 executed by postinst scripts) might also sync to disk during
 124 installation.  All this sync-ing to disk do not really make sense to
 125 me.  If the machine crash half-way through, I start over, I do not try
 126 to salvage the half installed system.  So the failure sync-ing is
 127 supposed to protect against, hardware or system crash, is not really
 128 relevant while the installer is running.</p>
 129
 130 <p>A few days ago, I thought of a way to get rid of all the file
 131 system sync()-ing in a fairly non-intrusive way, without the need to
 132 change the code in several packages.  The idea is not new, but I have
 133 not heard anyone propose the approach using dpkg-divert before.  It
 134 depend on the small and clever package
 135 <a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/eatmydata">eatmydata</a>, which
 136 uses LD_PRELOAD to replace the system functions for syncing data to
 137 disk with functions doing nothing, thus allowing programs to live
 138 dangerous while speeding up disk I/O significantly.  Instead of
 139 modifying the implementation of dpkg, apt and tasksel (which are the
 140 packages responsible for selecting, fetching and installing packages),
 141 it occurred to me that we could just divert the programs away, replace
 142 them with a simple shell wrapper calling
 143 "eatmydata&nbsp;$program&nbsp;$@", to get the same effect.
 144 Two days ago I decided to test the idea, and wrapped up a simple
 145 implementation for the Debian Edu udeb.</p>
 146
 147 <p>The effect was stunning.  In my first test it reduced the running
 148 time of the pkgsel step (installing tasks) from 64 to less than 44
 149 minutes (20 minutes shaved off the installation) on an old Dell
 150 Latitude D505 machine.  I am not quite sure what the optimised time
 151 would have been, as I messed up the testing a bit, causing the debconf
 152 priority to get low enough for two questions to pop up during
 153 installation.  As soon as I saw the questions I moved the installation
 154 along, but do not know how long the question were holding up the
 155 installation.  I did some more measurements using Debian Edu Jessie,
 156 and got these results.  The time measured is the time stamp in
 157 /var/log/syslog between the "pkgsel: starting tasksel" and the
 158 "pkgsel: finishing up" lines, if you want to do the same measurement
 159 yourself.  In Debian Edu, the tasksel dialog do not show up, and the
 160 timing thus do not depend on how quickly the user handle the tasksel
 161 dialog.</p>
 162
 163 <p><table>
 164
 165 <tr>
 166 <th>Machine/setup</th>
 167 <th>Original tasksel</th>
 168 <th>Optimised tasksel</th>
 169 <th>Reduction</th>
 170 </tr>
 171
 172 <tr>
 173 <td>Latitude D505 Main+LTSP LXDE</td>
 174 <td>64 min (07:46-08:50)</td>
 175 <td><44 min (11:27-12:11)</td>
 176 <td>>20 min 18%</td>
 177 </tr>
 178
 179 <tr>
 180 <td>Latitude D505 Roaming LXDE</td>
 181 <td>57 min (08:48-09:45)</td>
 182 <td>34 min (07:43-08:17)</td>
 183 <td>23 min 40%</td>
 184 </tr>
 185
 186 <tr>
 187 <td>Latitude D505 Minimal</td>
 188 <td>22 min (10:37-10:59)</td>
 189 <td>11 min (11:16-11:27)</td>
 190 <td>11 min 50%</td>
 191 </tr>
 192
 193 <tr>
 194 <td>Thinkpad X200 Minimal</td>
 195 <td>6 min (08:19-08:25)</td>
 196 <td>4 min (08:04-08:08)</td>
 197 <td>2 min 33%</td>
 198 </tr>
 199
 200 <tr>
 201 <td>Thinkpad X200 Roaming KDE</td>
 202 <td>19 min (09:21-09:40)</td>
 203 <td>15 min (10:25-10:40)</td>
 204 <td>4 min 21%</td>
 205 </tr>
 206
 207 </table></p>
 208
 209 <p>The test is done using a netinst ISO on a USB stick, so some of the
 210 time is spent downloading packages.  The connection to the Internet
 211 was 100Mbit/s during testing, so downloading should not be a
 212 significant factor in the measurement.  Download typically took a few
 213 seconds to a few minutes, depending on the amount of packages being
 214 installed.</p>
 215
 216 <p>The speedup is implemented by using two hooks in
 217 <a href="https://www.debian.org/devel/debian-installer/">Debian
 218 Installer</a>, the pre-pkgsel.d hook to set up the diverts, and the
 219 finish-install.d hook to remove the divert at the end of the
 220 installation.  I picked the pre-pkgsel.d hook instead of the
 221 post-base-installer.d hook because I test using an ISO without the
 222 eatmydata package included, and the post-base-installer.d hook in
 223 Debian Edu can only operate on packages included in the ISO.  The
 224 negative effect of this is that I am unable to activate this
 225 optimization for the kernel installation step in d-i.  If the code is
 226 moved to the post-base-installer.d hook, the speedup would be larger
 227 for the entire installation.</p>
 228
 229 <p>I've implemented this in the
 230 <a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/debian-edu-install">debian-edu-install</a>
 231 git repository, and plan to provide the optimization as part of the
 232 Debian Edu installation.  If you want to test this yourself, you can
 233 create two files in the installer (or in an udeb).  One shell script
 234 need do go into /usr/lib/pre-pkgsel.d/, with content like this:</p>
 235
 236 <p><blockquote><pre>
 237 #!/bin/sh
 238 set -e
 239 . /usr/share/debconf/confmodule
 240 info() {
 241     logger -t my-pkgsel "info: $*"
 242 }
 243 error() {
 244     logger -t my-pkgsel "error: $*"
 245 }
 246 override_install() {
 247     apt-install eatmydata || true
 248     if [ -x /target/usr/bin/eatmydata ] ; then
 249         for bin in dpkg apt-get aptitude tasksel ; do
 250             file=/usr/bin/$bin
 251             # Test that the file exist and have not been diverted already.
 252             if [ -f /target$file ] ; then
 253                 info "diverting $file using eatmydata"
 254                 printf "#!/bin/sh\neatmydata $bin.distrib \"\$@\"\n" \
 255                     > /target$file.edu
 256                 chmod 755 /target$file.edu
 257                 in-target dpkg-divert --package debian-edu-config \
 258                     --rename --quiet --add $file
 259                 ln -sf ./$bin.edu /target$file
 260             else
 261                 error "unable to divert $file, as it is missing."
 262             fi
 263         done
 264     else
 265         error "unable to find /usr/bin/eatmydata after installing the eatmydata pacage"
 266     fi
 267 }
 268
 269 override_install
 270 </pre></blockquote></p>
 271
 272 <p>To clean up, another shell script should go into
 273 /usr/lib/finish-install.d/ with code like this:
 274
 275 <p><blockquote><pre>
 276 #! /bin/sh -e
 277 . /usr/share/debconf/confmodule
 278 error() {
 279     logger -t my-finish-install "error: $@"
 280 }
 281 remove_install_override() {
 282     for bin in dpkg apt-get aptitude tasksel ; do
 283         file=/usr/bin/$bin
 284         if [ -x /target$file.edu ] ; then
 285             rm /target$file
 286             in-target dpkg-divert --package debian-edu-config \
 287                 --rename --quiet --remove $file
 288             rm /target$file.edu
 289         else
 290             error "Missing divert for $file."
 291         fi
 292     done
 293     sync # Flush file buffers before continuing
 294 }
 295
 296 remove_install_override
 297 </pre></blockquote></p>
 298
 299 <p>In Debian Edu, I placed both code fragments in a separate script
 300 edu-eatmydata-install and call it from the pre-pkgsel.d and
 301 finish-install.d scripts.</p>
 302
 303 <p>By now you might ask if this change should get into the normal
 304 Debian installer too?  I suspect it should, but am not sure the
 305 current debian-installer coordinators find it useful enough.  It also
 306 depend on the side effects of the change.  I'm not aware of any, but I
 307 guess we will see if the change is safe after some more testing.
 308 Perhaps there is some package in Debian depending on sync() and
 309 fsync() having effect?  Perhaps it should go into its own udeb, to
 310 allow those of us wanting to enable it to do so without affecting
 311 everyone.</p>
 312
 313 <p>Update 2014-09-24: Since a few days ago, enabling this optimization
 314 will break installation of all programs using gnutls because of
 315 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/702711">bug #702711.  An updated
 316 eatmydata package in Debian will solve it.</p>
 317
 318       </div>
 319       <div class="tags">
 320
 321
 322         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 323
 324
 325       </div>
 326     </div>
 327     <div class="padding"></div>
 328
 329     <div class="entry">
 330       <div class="title">
 331         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Bernd_Zeitzen.html">Debian Edu interview: Bernd Zeitzen</a>
 332       </div>
 333       <div class="date">
 334         31st July 2014
 335       </div>
 336       <div class="body">
 337         <p>The complete and free “out of the box” software solution for
 338 schools, <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
 339 Skolelinux</a>, is used quite a lot in Germany, and one of the people
 340 involved is Bernd Zeitzen, who show up on the project mailing lists
 341 from time to time with interesting questions and tips on how to adjust
 342 the setup.  I managed to interview him this summer.</p>
 343
 344 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
 345
 346 <p>My name is Bernd Zeitzen and I'm married with Hedda, a self
 347 employed physiotherapist.  My former profession is tool maker, but I
 348 haven't worked for 30 years in this job.  30 years ago I started to
 349 support my wife and become her officeworker and a few years later the
 350 administrator for a small computer network, today based on Ubuntu
 351 Server (Samba, OpenVPN). For her daily work she has to use Windows
 352 Desktops because the software she needs to organize her business only
 353 works with Windows . :-(</p>
 354
 355 <p>In 1988 we started with one PC and DOS, then I learned to use
 356 Windows 98, 2000, XP, …, 8, Ubuntu, MacOSX.  Today we are running a
 357 Linux server with 6 Windows clients and 10 persons (teacher of
 358 children with special needs, speech therapist, occupational therapist,
 359 psychologist and officeworkers) using our Samba shares via OpenVPN to
 360 work with the documentations of our patients.</p>
 361
 362 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
 363 project?</strong></p>
 364
 365 <p>Two years ago a friend of mine asked me, if I want to get a job in
 366 his school (<a href="http://www.gymnasium-harsewinkel.de/">Gymnasium
 367 Harsewinkel</a>).  They started with Skolelinux / Debian Edu and they
 368 were looking for people to give support to the teachers using the
 369 software and the network and teaching the pupils increasing their
 370 computer skills in optional lessons.  I'm spending 4-6 hours a week
 371 with this job.</p>
 372
 373 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 374 Edu?</strong></p>
 375
 376 <p>The independence.</p>
 377
 378 <p>First: Every person is allowed to use, share and develop the
 379 software. Even if you are poor, you are allowed to use the software
 380 included in Skolelinux/Debian Edu and all the other Free Software.</p>
 381
 382 <p>Second: The software runs on old machines and this gives us the
 383 possibility to recycle computers, weeded out from offices.  The
 384 servers and desktops are running for more than two years and they are
 385 working reliable. </p>
 386
 387 <p>We have two servers (one tjener and one terminal server), 45
 388 workstations in three classrooms and seven laptops as a mobile
 389 solution for all classrooms.  These machines are all booting from the
 390 terminal server.  In the moment we are installing 30 laptops as mobile
 391 workstations.  Then the pupils have the possibility to work with these
 392 machines in their classrooms.  Internet access is realized by a WLAN
 393 router, connected to the schools network. This is all done without a
 394 dedicated system administrator or a computer science teacher.</p>
 395
 396 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 397 Edu?</strong></p>
 398
 399 <p>Teachers and pupils are Windows users.  &lt;Irony on&gt; And Linux
 400 isn't cool. It's software for freaks using the command line. &lt;Irony
 401 off&gt; They don't realize the stability of the system. </p>
 402
 403 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
 404
 405 <p>Firefox, Thunderbird, LibreOffice, Ubuntu Server 12.04 (Samba,
 406 Apache, MySQL, Joomla!, … and Skolelinux / Debian Edu)</p>
 407
 408 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
 409 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
 410
 411 <p>In Germany we have the situation: every school is free to decide
 412 which software they want to use. This decision is influenced by
 413 teachers who learned to use Windows and MS Office. They buy a PC with
 414 Windows preinstalled and an additional testing version of MS
 415 Office. They don't know about the possibility to use Free Software
 416 instead.  Another problem are the publisher of school books.  They
 417 develop their software, added to the school books, for Windows.</p>
 418
 419       </div>
 420       <div class="tags">
 421
 422
 423         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
 424
 425
 426       </div>
 427     </div>
 428     <div class="padding"></div>
 429
 430     <div class="entry">
 431       <div class="title">
 432         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/From_English_wiki_to_translated_PDF_and_epub_via_Docbook.html">From English wiki to translated PDF and epub via Docbook</a>
 433       </div>
 434       <div class="date">
 435         17th June 2014
 436       </div>
 437       <div class="body">
 438         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
 439 project</a> provide an instruction manual for teachers, system
 440 administrators and other users that contain useful tips for setting up
 441 and maintaining a Debian Edu installation.  This text is about how the
 442 text processing of this manual is handled in the project.</p>
 443
 444 <p>One goal of the project is to provide information in the native
 445 language of its users, and for this we need to handle translations.
 446 But we also want to make sure each language contain the same
 447 information, so for this we need a good way to keep the translations
 448 in sync.  And we want it to be easy for our users to improve the
 449 documentation, avoiding the need to learn special formats or tools to
 450 contribute, and the obvious way to do this is to make it possible to
 451 edit the documentation using a web browser.  We also want it to be
 452 easy for translators to keep the translation up to date, and give them
 453 help in figuring out what need to be translated. Here is the list of
 454 tools and the process we have found trying to reach all these
 455 goals.</p>
 456
 457 <p>We maintain the authoritative source of our manual in the
 458 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/">Debian
 459 wiki</a>, as several wiki pages written in English.  It consist of one
 460 front page with references to the different chapters, several pages
 461 for each chapter, and finally one "collection page" gluing all the
 462 chapters together into one large web page (aka
 463 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/AllInOne">the
 464 AllInOne page</a>).  The AllInOne page is the one used for further
 465 processing and translations.  Thanks to the fact that the
 466 <a href="http://moinmo.in/">MoinMoin</a> installation on
 467 wiki.debian.org support exporting pages in
 468 <a href="http://www.docbook.org/">the Docbook format</a>, we can fetch
 469 the list of pages to export using the raw version of the AllInOne
 470 page, loop over each of them to generate a Docbook XML version of the
 471 manual.  This process also download images and transform image
 472 references to use the locally downloaded images.  The generated
 473 Docbook XML files are slightly broken, so some post-processing is done
 474 using the <tt>documentation/scripts/get_manual</tt> program, and the
 475 result is a nice Docbook XML file (debian-edu-wheezy-manual.xml) and
 476 a handfull of images.  The XML file can now be used to generate PDF, HTML
 477 and epub versions of the English manual.  This is the basic step of
 478 our process, making PDF (using dblatex), HTML (using xsltproc) and
 479 epub (using dbtoepub) version from Docbook XML, and the resulting files
 480 are placed in the debian-edu-doc-en binary package.</p>
 481
 482 <p>But English documentation is not enough for us.  We want translated
 483 documentation too, and we want to make it easy for translators to
 484 track the English original.  For this we use the
 485 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/p/poxml.html">poxml</a> package,
 486 which allow us to transform the English Docbook XML file into a
 487 translation file (a .pot file), usable with the normal gettext based
 488 translation tools used by those translating free software.  The pot
 489 file is used to create and maintain translation files (several .po
 490 files), which the translations update with the native language
 491 translations of all titles, paragraphs and blocks of text in the
 492 original.  The next step is combining the original English Docbook XML
 493 and the translation file (say debian-edu-wheezy-manual.nb.po), to
 494 create a translated Docbook XML file (in this case
 495 debian-edu-wheezy-manual.nb.xml).  This translated (or partly
 496 translated, if the translation is not complete) Docbook XML file can
 497 then be used like the original to create a PDF, HTML and epub version
 498 of the documentation.</p>
 499
 500 <p>The translators use different tools to edit the .po files.  We
 501 recommend using
 502 <a href="http://www.kde.org/applications/development/lokalize/">lokalize</a>,
 503 while some use emacs and vi, others can use web based editors like
 504 <a href="http://pootle.translatehouse.org/">Poodle</a> or
 505 <a href="https://www.transifex.com/">Transifex</a>.  All we care about
 506 is where the .po file end up, in our git repository.  Updated
 507 translations can either be committed directly to git, or submitted as
 508 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/src:debian-edu-doc">bug reports
 509 against the debian-edu-doc package</a>.</p>
 510
 511 <p>One challenge is images, which both might need to be translated (if
 512 they show translated user applications), and are needed in different
 513 formats when creating PDF and HTML versions (epub is a HTML version in
 514 this regard).  For this we transform the original PNG images to the
 515 needed density and format during build, and have a way to provide
 516 translated images by storing translated versions in
 517 images/$LANGUAGECODE/.  I am a bit unsure about the details here.  The
 518 package maintainers know more.</p>
 519
 520 <p>If you wonder what the result look like, we provide
 521 <a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/">the content
 522 of the documentation packages on the web</a>.  See for example the
 523 <a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/it/debian-edu-wheezy-manual.pdf">Italian
 524 PDF version</a> or the
 525 <a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/de/debian-edu-wheezy-manual.html">German
 526 HTML version</a>.  We do not yet build the epub version by default,
 527 but perhaps it will be done in the future.</p>
 528
 529 <p>To learn more, check out
 530 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/d/debian-edu-doc.html">the
 531 debian-edu-doc package</a>,
 532 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/">the
 533 manual on the wiki</a> and
 534 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/Translations">the
 535 translation instructions</a> in the manual.</p>
 536
 537       </div>
 538       <div class="tags">
 539
 540
 541         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 542
 543
 544       </div>
 545     </div>
 546     <div class="padding"></div>
 547
 548     <div class="entry">
 549       <div class="title">
 550         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Roger_Marsal.html">Debian Edu interview: Roger Marsal</a>
 551       </div>
 552       <div class="date">
 553         30th March 2014
 554       </div>
 555       <div class="body">
 556         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
 557 keep gaining new users.  Some weeks ago, a person showed up on IRC,
 558 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/#debian-edu">#debian-edu</a>, with a
 559 wish to contribute, and I managed to get a interview with this great
 560 contributor Roger Marsal to learn more about his background.</p>
 561
 562 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
 563
 564 <p>My name is Roger Marsal, I'm 27 years old (1986 generation) and I
 565 live in Barcelona, Spain. I've got a strong business background and I
 566 work as a patrimony manager and as a real estate agent.  Additionally,
 567 I've co-founded a British based tech company that is nowadays on the
 568 last development phase of a new social networking concept.</p>
 569
 570 <p>I'm a Linux enthusiast that started its journey with Ubuntu four years
 571 ago and have recently switched to Debian seeking rock solid stability
 572 and as a necessary step to gain expertise.</p>
 573
 574 <p>In a nutshell, I spend my days working and learning as much as I
 575 can to face both my job, entrepreneur project and feed my Linux
 576 hunger.</p>
 577
 578 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
 579 project?</strong></p>
 580
 581 <p>I discovered the <a href="http://www.ltsp.org/">LTSP</a> advantages
 582 with "Ubuntu 12.04 alternate install" and after a year of use I
 583 started looking for an alternative.  Even though I highly value and
 584 respect the Ubuntu project, I thought it was necessary for me to
 585 change to a more robust and stable alternative.  As far as I was using
 586 Debian on my personal laptop I thought it would be fine to install
 587 Debian and configure an LTSP server myself.  Surprised, I discovered
 588 that the Debian project also supported a kind of Edubuntu equivalent,
 589 and after having some pain I obtained a Debian Edu network up and
 590 running.  I just loved it.</p>
 591
 592 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 593 Edu?</strong></p>
 594
 595 <p>I found a main advantage in that, once you know "the tips and
 596 tricks", a new installation just works out of the box. It's the most
 597 complete alternative I've found to create an LTSP network. All the
 598 other distributions seems to be made of plastic, Debian Edu seems to
 599 be made of steel.</p>
 600
 601 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 602 Edu?</strong></p>
 603
 604 <p>I found two main disadvantages.</p>
 605
 606 <p>I'm not an expert but I've got notions and I had to spent a considerable
 607 amount of time trying to bring up a standard network topology. I'm quite
 608 stubborn and I just worked until I did but I'm sure many people with few
 609 resources (not big schools, but academies for example) would have switched
 610 or dropped.</p>
 611
 612 <p>It's amazing how such a complex system like Debian Edu has achieved
 613 this out-of-the-box state. Even though tweaking without breaking gets
 614 more difficult, as more factors have to be considered. This can
 615 discourage many people too.</p>
 616
 617 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
 618
 619 <p>I use Debian, Firefox, Okular, Inkscape, LibreOffice and
 620 Virtualbox.</p>
 621
 622
 623 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
 624 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
 625
 626 <p>I don't think there is a need for a particular strategy. The free
 627 attribute in both "freedom" and "no price" meanings is what will
 628 really bring free software to schools. In my experience I can think of
 629 the <a href="http://www.r-project.org/">"R" statistical language</a>; a
 630 few years a ago was an extremely nerd tool for university people.
 631 Today it's being increasingly used to teach statistics at many
 632 different level of studies.  I believe free and open software will
 633 increasingly gain popularity, but I'm sure schools will be one of the
 634 first scenarios where this will happen.</p>
 635
 636       </div>
 637       <div class="tags">
 638
 639
 640         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
 641
 642
 643       </div>
 644     </div>
 645     <div class="padding"></div>
 646
 647     <div class="entry">
 648       <div class="title">
 649         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_add_extra_storage_servers_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux.html">How to add extra storage servers in Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
 650       </div>
 651       <div class="date">
 652         12th March 2014
 653       </div>
 654       <div class="body">
 655         <p>On larger sites, it is useful to use a dedicated storage server for
 656 storing user home directories and data.  The design for handling this
 657 in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>, is
 658 to update the automount rules in LDAP and let the automount daemon on
 659 the clients take care of the rest.  I was reminded about the need to
 660 document this better when one of the customers of
 661 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a>, where I am
 662 on the board of directors, asked about how to do this.  The steps to
 663 get this working are the following:</p>
 664
 665 <p><ol>
 666
 667 <li>Add new storage server in DNS.  I use nas-server.intern as the
 668 example host here.</li>
 669
 670 <li>Add automoun LDAP information about this server in LDAP, to allow
 671 all clients to automatically mount it on reqeust.</li>
 672
 673 <li>Add the relevant entries in tjener.intern:/etc/fstab, because
 674 tjener.intern do not use automount to avoid mounting loops.</li>
 675
 676 </ol></p>
 677
 678 <p>DNS entries are added in GOsa², and not described here.  Follow the
 679 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/GettingStarted">instructions
 680 in the manual</a> (Machine Management with GOsa² in section Getting
 681 started).</p>
 682
 683 <p>Ensure that the NFS export points on the server are exported to the
 684 relevant subnets or machines:</p>
 685
 686 <p><blockquote><pre>
 687 root@tjener:~# showmount -e nas-server
 688 Export list for nas-server:
 689 /storage         10.0.0.0/8
 690 root@tjener:~#
 691 </pre></blockquote></p>
 692
 693 <p>Here everything on the backbone network is granted access to the
 694 /storage export.  With NFSv3 it is slightly better to limit it to
 695 netgroup membership or single IP addresses to have some limits on the
 696 NFS access.</p>
 697
 698 <p>The next step is to update LDAP.  This can not be done using GOsa²,
 699 because it lack a module for automount.  Instead, use ldapvi and add
 700 the required LDAP objects using an editor.</p>
 701
 702 <p><blockquote><pre>
 703 ldapvi --ldap-conf -ZD '(cn=admin)' -b ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
 704 </pre></blockquote></p>
 705
 706 <p>When the editor show up, add the following LDAP objects at the
 707 bottom of the document.  The "/&" part in the last LDAP object is a
 708 wild card matching everything the nas-server exports, removing the
 709 need to list individual mount points in LDAP.</p>
 710
 711 <p><blockquote><pre>
 712 add cn=nas-server,ou=auto.skole,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
 713 objectClass: automount
 714 cn: nas-server
 715 automountInformation: -fstype=autofs --timeout=60 ldap:ou=auto.nas-server,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
 716
 717 add ou=auto.nas-server,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
 718 objectClass: top
 719 objectClass: automountMap
 720 ou: auto.nas-server
 721
 722 add cn=/,ou=auto.nas-server,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
 723 objectClass: automount
 724 cn: /
 725 automountInformation: -fstype=nfs,tcp,rsize=32768,wsize=32768,rw,intr,hard,nodev,nosuid,noatime nas-server.intern:/&
 726 </pre></blockquote></p>
 727
 728 <p>The last step to remember is to mount the relevant mount points in
 729 tjener.intern by adding them to /etc/fstab, creating the mount
 730 directories using mkdir and running "mount -a" to mount them.</p>
 731
 732 <p>When this is done, your users should be able to access the files on
 733 the storage server directly by just visiting the
 734 /tjener/nas-server/storage/ directory using any application on any
 735 workstation, LTSP client or LTSP server.</p>
 736
 737       </div>
 738       <div class="tags">
 739
 740
 741         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>.
 742
 743
 744       </div>
 745     </div>
 746     <div class="padding"></div>
 747
 748     <div class="entry">
 749       <div class="title">
 750         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Dominik_George.html">Debian Edu interview: Dominik George</a>
 751       </div>
 752       <div class="date">
 753         25th December 2013
 754       </div>
 755       <div class="body">
 756         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
 757 project</a> consist of both newcomers and old timers, and this time I
 758 was able to get an interview with a newcomer in the project who showed
 759 up on the IRC channel a few weeks ago to let us know about his
 760 successful installation of Debian Edu Wheezy in his School.  Say hello
 761 to <a href="https://www.ohloh.net/accounts/Natureshadow">Dominik
 762 George</a>.</p>
 763
 764 <!-- http://www.dominik-george.de/images/foto.jpg -->
 765
 766 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
 767
 768 <p>I am a 23 year-old student from Germany who has spent half of his
 769 life with open source. In "real life", I am, as already mentioned, a
 770 student in the fields of Computer Science, Electrical Engineering,
 771 Information Technologies and Anglistics. Due to my (only partially
 772 voluntary) huge engagement in the open source world, these things are
 773 a bit vacant right now however.</p>
 774
 775 <p>I also have been working as a project teacher at a Gymasnium
 776 (public school) for various years now. I took up that work some time
 777 around 2005 when still attending that school myself and have continued
 778 it until today. I also had been running the (kind of very advanced)
 779 network of that school together with a team of very interested and
 780 talented students in the age of 11 to 15 years, who took the chance to
 781 learn a lot about open source and networking before I left the school
 782 to help building another school's informational education concept from
 783 scratch.</p>
 784
 785 <p>That said, one might see me as a kind of "glue" between school kids
 786 and the elderly of teachers as well as between the open source
 787 ecosystem and the (even more complex) educational ecosystem.</p>
 788
 789 <p>When I am not busy with open source or education, I like Geocaching
 790 and cycling.</p>
 791
 792 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
 793 project?</strong></p>
 794
 795 <p>I think that happened some time around 2009 when I first attended
 796 <a href="http://www.froscon.org">FrOSCon</a> and visited the project
 797 booth. I think I wasn't too interested back then because I used to
 798 have an attitude of disliking software that does too much stuff on its
 799 own. Maybe I was too inexperienced to realise the upsides of an
 800 "out-of-the-box" solution ;).</p>
 801
 802 <p>The first time I actively talked to Skolelinux people was at
 803 <a href="http://www.openrheinruhr.de">OpenRheinRuhr</a> 2011 when the
 804 BiscuIT project, a home-grewn software used by my school for various
 805 really cool things from timetables and class contact lists to lunch
 806 ordering, student ID card printing and project elections first got to
 807 a stage where it could have been published. I asked the Skolelinux
 808 guys running the booth if the project were interested in it and gave a
 809 small demonstration, but there wasn't any real feedback and the guys
 810 seemed rather uninterested.</p>
 811
 812 <p>After I left the school where I developed the software, it got
 813 mostly lost, but I am now reimplementing it for my new school. I have
 814 reusability and compatibility in mind, and I hop there will be a new
 815 basis for contributing it to the Skolelinux project ;)!</p>
 816
 817 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 818 Edu?</strong></p>
 819
 820 <p>The most important advantage seems to be that it "just
 821 works". After overcoming some minor (but still very annoying) glitches
 822 in the installer, I got a fully functional, working school network,
 823 without the month-long hassle I experienced when setting all that up
 824 from scratch in earlier years. And above that, it rocked - I didn't
 825 have any real hardware at hand, because the school was just founded
 826 and has no money whatsoever, so I installed a combined server (main
 827 server, terminal services and workstation) in a VM on my personal
 828 notebook, bridging the LTSP network interface to the ethernet port,
 829 and then PXE-booted the Windows notebooks that were lying around from
 830 it. I could use 8 clients without any performance issues, by using a
 831 tiny little VM on a tiny little notebook. I think that's enough to say
 832 that it rocks!</p>
 833
 834 <p>Secondly, there are marketing reasons. Life's bad, and so no
 835 politician will ever permit a setup described as "Debian, an universal
 836 operating system, with some really cool educational tools" while they
 837 will be jsut fine with "Skolelinux, a single-purpose solution for your
 838 school network", even if both turn out to be the very same thing (yes,
 839 this is unfair towards the Skolelinux project, and must not be taken
 840 too seriously - you get the idea, anyway).</p>
 841
 842 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 843 Edu?</strong></p>
 844
 845 <p>I have not been involved with Skolelinux long enough to really
 846 answer this question in a fair way. Thus, please allow me to put it in
 847 other words: "What do you expect from Skolelinux to keep liking it?" I
 848 can list a few points about that:</p>
 849
 850 <ul>
 851
 852  <li>always strive to get all things integrated into Debian upstream
 853  <li>be open to discussion about changes and the like, even with newcomers
 854  <li>be helpful at being helpful ;)
 855
 856 </ul>
 857
 858 <p>I'm really sorry I cannot say much more about that :(!</p>
 859
 860 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
 861
 862 <p>First of all, all software I use is free and open. I have abandoned
 863 all non-free software (except for firmware on my darned phone) this
 864 year.</p>
 865
 866 <p>I run Debian GNU/Linux on all PC systems I use. On that, I mostly
 867 run text tools. I use
 868 <a href="https://www.mirbsd.org/mksh.htm">mksh</a> as shell,
 869 <a href="https://www.mirbsd.org/jupp.htm">jupp</a> as very advanced
 870 text editor (I even got the developer to help me write a script/macro
 871 based full-featured student management software with the two),
 872 <a href="http://mcabber.com/">mcabber</a> for XMPP and
 873 <a href="http://www.irssi.org/">irssi</a> for IRC. For that overly
 874 coloured world called the WWW, I use
 875 <a href="https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/new/">Iceweasel
 876 (Firefox)</a>. Oh, and <a href="http://www.mutt.org/">mutt</a> for
 877 e-mail.</p>
 878
 879 <p>However, while I am personally aware of the fact that text tools
 880 are more efficient and powerful than anything else, I also use (or at
 881 least operate) some tools that are suitable to bring open source to
 882 kids. One of these things is <a href="http://jappix.org/">Jappix</a>,
 883 which I already introduced to some kids even before they got aware of
 884 Facebook, making them see for themselves that they do not need
 885 Facebook now ;).</p>
 886
 887 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
 888 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
 889
 890 <p>Well, that's a two-sided thing. One side is what I believe, and one
 891 side is what I have experienced.</p>
 892
 893 <p>I believe that the right strategy is showing them the benefits. But
 894 that won't work out as long as the acceptance of free alternatives
 895 grows globally. What I mean is that if all the kids are almost forced
 896 to use Windows, Facebook, Skype, you name it at home, they will not
 897 see why they would want to use alternatives at school. I have seen
 898 students take seat in front of a fully-functional, modern Debian
 899 desktop that could do anything their Windows at home could do, and
 900 they jsut refused to use it because "Linux sucks". It is something
 901 that makes the council of our city spend around 600000 € to buy
 902 software - not including hardware, mind you - for operating school
 903 networks, and for installing a system that, as has been proved, does
 904 not work. For those of you readers who are good at maths, have you
 905 already found out how many lives could have been saved with that money
 906 if we had instead used it to bring education to parts of the world
 907 that need it? I have, and found it to be nothing less dramatic than
 908 plain criminal.</p>
 909
 910 <p>That said, the only feasible way appears to be the bottom up
 911 method. We have to bring free software to kids and parents. I have
 912 founded an association named
 913 <a href="https://www.teckids.org">Teckids</a> here in Germany that does
 914 just that. We organise several events for kids and adolescents in the
 915 area of free and open source software, for example the
 916 <a href="http://kids.froscon.org">FrogLabs</a>, which share staff with
 917 Teckids and are the youth programme of
 918 <a href="http://www.froscon.org">the Free and Open Source Software
 919 Conference (FrOSCon)</a>. We do a lot more than most other conferences
 920 - this year, we first offered the FrogLabs as a holiday camp for kids
 921 aged 10 to 16. It was a huge success, with approx. 30 kids taking part
 922 and learning with and about free software through a whole weekend. All
 923 of us had a lot of fun, and the results were really exciting.</p>
 924
 925 <p>Apart from that, we are preparing a campaign that is supposed to bring
 926 the message of free alternatives to stuff kids use every day to them and
 927 their parents, e.g. the use of Jabber / Jappix instead of Facebook and
 928 Skype. To make that possible, we are planning to get together a team of
 929 clever kids who understand very well what their peers need and can bring
 930 it across to them. So we will have a peer-driven network of adolescents
 931 who teach each other and collect feedback from the community of minors.
 932 We then take that feedback and our own experience to work closely with
 933 open source projects, such as Skolelinux or Jappix, at improving their
 934 software in a way that makes it more and more attractive for the target
 935 group. At least I hope that we will have good cooperation with
 936 Skolelinux in the future ;)!</p>
 937
 938 <p>So in conclusion, what I believe is that, if it weren't for the world
 939 being so bad, it should be very clear to the political decision makers
 940 that the only way to go nowadays is free software for various reasons,
 941 but I have learnt that the only way that seems to work is bottom up.</p>
 942
 943 <!--
 944
 945 >  * Who should be interviewed with this questions in the future?
 946
 947 That's probably the hardest question of them all, as I do not know the
 948 community. However, I would be willing to do the following:
 949
 950  <li>Run an interview with a German headteacher who is very open to
 951    free software, and also prefers it, but cannot really use it because
 952    of the decision makers above;
 953  <li>Run interviews with some kids, both with and without previous
 954    knowledge about free software
 955
 956 If that is wanted, just let me know ;).
 957
 958 -->
 959
 960       </div>
 961       <div class="tags">
 962
 963
 964         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
 965
 966
 967       </div>
 968     </div>
 969     <div class="padding"></div>
 970
 971     <div class="entry">
 972       <div class="title">
 973         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Klaus_Knopper.html">Debian Edu interview: Klaus Knopper</a>
 974       </div>
 975       <div class="date">
 976          6th December 2013
 977       </div>
 978       <div class="body">
 979         <p>It has been a while since I managed to publish the last interview,
 980 but the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
 981 Skolelinux</a> community is still going strong, and yesterday we even
 982 had a new school administrator show up on
 983 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/#debian-edu">#debian-edu</a> to share
 984 his success story with installing Debian Edu at their school.  This
 985 time I have been able to get some helpful comments from the creator of
 986 Knoppix, Klaus Knopper, who was involved in a Skolelinux project in
 987 Germany a few years ago.</p>
 988
 989 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
 990
 991 <p>I am Klaus Knopper.  I have a master degree in electrical
 992 engineering, and is currently professor in information management at
 993 the university of applied sciences Kaiserslautern / Germany and
 994 freelance Open Source software developer and consultant.</p>
 995
 996 <p>All of this is pretty much of the work I spend my days with. Apart
 997 from teaching, I'm also conducting some more or less experimental
 998 projects like the <a href="http://www.knoppix.org">Knoppix GNU/Linux live
 999 system</a> (Debian-based like Skolelinux),
1000 <a href="http://www.knopper.net/knoppix-adriane/index-en.html">ADRIANE</a>
1001 (a blind-friendly talking desktop system) and
1002 <a href="http://www.knopper.net/linbo/index-en.html">LINBO</a>
1003 (Linux-based network boot console, a fast remote install and repair
1004 system supporting various operating systems).</p>
1005
1006 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
1007 project?</strong></p>
1008
1009 <p>The credit for this have to go to Kurt Gramlich, who is the German
1010 coordinator for Skolelinux.  We were looking for an all-in-one open
1011 source community-supported distribution for schools, and Kurt
1012 introduced us to Skolelinux for this purpose.</p>
1013
1014 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1015 Edu?</strong></p>
1016
1017 <ul>
1018   <li>Quick installation,</li>
1019   <li>works (almost) out of the box,</li>
1020   <li>contains many useful software packages for teaching and learning,</li>
1021   <li>is a purely community-based distro and not controlled by a
1022     single company,</li>
1023   <li>has a large number of supporters and teachers who share their
1024     experience and problem solutions.</li>
1025 </ul>
1026
1027 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1028 Edu?</strong></p>
1029
1030 <ul>
1031   <li>Skolelinux is - as we had to learn - not easily upgradable to
1032   the next version.  Opposed to its genuine Debian base, upgrading to
1033   a new version means a full new installation from scratch to get it
1034   working again reliably.
1035
1036   <li>Skolelinux is based on Debian/stable, and therefore always a
1037   little outdated in terms of program versions compared to Edubuntu or
1038   similar educational Linux distros, which rather use Debian/testing
1039   as their base.
1040
1041   <li>Skolelinux has some very self-opinionated and stubborn default
1042   configuration which in my opinion adds unnecessary complexity and is
1043   not always suitable for a schools needs, the preset network
1044   configuration is actually a core definition feature of Skolelinux
1045   and not easy to change, so schools sometimes have to change their
1046   network configuration to make it "Skolelinux-compatible".
1047
1048   <li>Some proposed extensions, which were made available as
1049   contribution, like secure examination mode and lecture material
1050   distribution and collection, were not accepted into the mainline
1051   Skolelinux development and are now not easy to maintain in the
1052   future because of Skolelinux somewhat undeterministic update
1053   schemes.</li>
1054
1055   <li>Skolelinux has only a very tiny number of base developers
1056   compared to Debian.</li>
1057
1058 </ul>
1059
1060 <p>For these reasons and experience from our project, I would now
1061 rather consider using plain Debian for schools next time, until
1062 Skolelinux is more closely integrated into Debian and becomes
1063 upgradeable without reinstallation.</p>
1064
1065 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
1066
1067 <p>GNU/Linux with LXDE desktop, bash for interactive dialog and
1068 programming, texlive for documentation and correspondence,
1069 occasionally LibreOffice for document format conversion. Various
1070 programming languages for teaching.</p>
1071
1072 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
1073 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
1074
1075 <p>Strong arguments are</p>
1076
1077 <ul>
1078
1079   <li>Knowledge is free, and so should be methods and tools for
1080     teaching and learning.</li>
1081
1082   <li>Students can learn with and use the same software at school, at
1083     home, and at their working place without running into license or
1084     conversion problems.</li>
1085
1086   <li>Closed source or proprietary software hides knowledge rather
1087     than exposing it, and proprietary software vendors try to bind
1088     customers to certain products.  But teachers need to teach
1089     science, not products.</li>
1090
1091   <li>If you have everything you for daily work as open source, what
1092     would you need proprietary software for?</li>
1093
1094 </ul>
1095
1096       </div>
1097       <div class="tags">
1098
1099
1100         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
1101
1102
1103       </div>
1104     </div>
1105     <div class="padding"></div>
1106
1107     <div class="entry">
1108       <div class="title">
1109         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_7_1_install_and_overview_video_from_Marcelo_Salvador.html">Skolelinux / Debian Edu 7.1 install and overview video from Marcelo Salvador</a>
1110       </div>
1111       <div class="date">
1112          8th October 2013
1113       </div>
1114       <div class="body">
1115         <p>The other day I was pleased and surprised to discover that Marcelo
1116 Salvador had published a
1117 <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w-GgpdqgLFc">video on
1118 Youtube</a> showing how to install the standalone Debian Edu /
1119 Skolelinux profile.  This is the profile intended for use at home or
1120 on laptops that should not be integrated into the provided network
1121 services (no central home directory, no Kerberos / LDAP directory etc,
1122 in other word a single user machine).  The result is 11 minutes long,
1123 and show some user applications (seem to be rather randomly picked).
1124 Missed a few of my favorites like celestia, planets and chromium
1125 showing the <a href="http://www.zygotebody.com/">Zygote Body 3D model
1126 of the human body</a>, but I guess he did not know about those or find
1127 other programs more interesting. :) And the video do not show the
1128 advantages I believe is one of the most valuable featuers in Debian
1129 Edu, its central school server making it possible to run hundreds of
1130 computers without hard drives by installing one central
1131 <a href="http://www.ltsp.org/">LTSP server</a>.</p>
1132
1133 <p>Anyway, check out the video, embedded below and linked to above:</p>
1134
1135 <iframe width="420" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/w-GgpdqgLFc" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
1136
1137 <p>Are there other nice videos demonstrating Skolelinux?  Please let
1138 me know. :)</p>
1139
1140       </div>
1141       <div class="tags">
1142
1143
1144         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
1145
1146
1147       </div>
1148     </div>
1149     <div class="padding"></div>
1150
1151     <div class="entry">
1152       <div class="title">
1153         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Finally__Debian_Edu_Wheezy_is_released_today_.html">Finally, Debian Edu Wheezy is released today!</a>
1154       </div>
1155       <div class="date">
1156         29th September 2013
1157       </div>
1158       <div class="body">
1159         <p>A few hours ago, the announcement for the first stable release of
1160 Debian Edu Wheezy went out from the Debian publicity team.  The
1161 complete announcement text can be found at
1162 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2013/20130928">the Debian News
1163 section</a>, translated to several languages.  Please check it out.</p>
1164
1165 <p>There is one minor known problem that we will fix very soon.  One
1166 can not install a amd64 Thin Client Server using PXE, as the /var/
1167 partition is too small.  A workaround is to extend the partition (use
1168 lvresize + resize2fs in tty 2 while installing).</p>
1169
1170       </div>
1171       <div class="tags">
1172
1173
1174         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1175
1176
1177       </div>
1178     </div>
1179     <div class="padding"></div>
1180
1181     <div class="entry">
1182       <div class="title">
1183         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_and_probably_last_beta_release_of_Debian_Edu_Wheezy.html">Third and probably last beta release of Debian Edu Wheezy</a>
1184       </div>
1185       <div class="date">
1186         16th September 2013
1187       </div>
1188       <div class="body">
1189         <p>The third wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
1190 today.  This is the release announcement from Holger Levsen:</p>
1191
1192 <blockquote>
1193 <p>Hi,</p>
1194
1195 <p>it is my pleasure to announce the third beta release (beta 2 for
1196 short) of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
1197 Skolelinux</a> based on Debian Wheezy!</p>
1198
1199 <p>Please test these images extensivly, if no new problems are found
1200 we plan to do this final Debian Edu Wheezy release this coming
1201 weekend.  We are not aware of any major problems or blockers in beta2,
1202 if you find something, please notify us immediately!</p>
1203
1204 <p>(More about the remaining steps for the Edu Wheezy release in
1205 another mail to the edu list tonight or tomorrow...)</p>
1206
1207 <p>Noteworthy changes and software updates for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b2
1208 compared to beta1:</p>
1209
1210 <ul>
1211
1212 <li>The KDE proxy setup has been adjusted to use the provided wpad.dat. This
1213 also gets Chromium to use this proxy.</li>
1214 <li>Install kdepim-groupware with KDE desktops to make sure korganizer
1215 understand ical/dav sources.</li>
1216 <li>Increased default maximum size of /var/spool/squid and /skole/backup on the
1217 main server.</li>
1218 <li>A source DVD image containing all source packages is now available as well.</li>
1219 <li>Updates for chromium (29.0.1547.57-1~deb7u1), imagemagick
1220 (6.7.7.10-5+deb7u2), php5 (5.4.4-14+deb7u4), libmodplug
1221 (0.8.8.4-3+deb7u1+git20130828), tiff (4.0.2-6+deb7u2), linux-image
1222 (3.2.0-4-486_3.2.46-1+deb7u1).</li>
1223
1224 </ul>
1225
1226 <p>Where to get it:</p>
1227
1228 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
1229
1230 <ul>
1231 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso</a></li>
1232 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso</a></li>
1233 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso .</li>
1234 </ul>
1235
1236 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is:  3a1c89f4666df80eebcd46c5bf5fedb866f9472f</p>
1237
1238 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use
1239 <ul>
1240 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso</a></li>
1241 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso</a></li>
1242 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso .</li>
1243 </ul>
1244
1245 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 702d1718548f401c74bfa6df9f032cc3ee16597e</p>
1246
1247 <p>The Source DVD image has the filename
1248 debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-source-DVD.iso and the SHA1SUM
1249 089eed8b3f962db47aae1f6a9685e9bb2fa30ca5 and is available the same way
1250 as the other isos.</p>
1251
1252 <p>How to report bugs</p>
1253
1254 <p>For information how to report bugs please see
1255 <br><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
1256
1257
1258 <p>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</p>
1259
1260 <p>Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux, is a Linux distribution based
1261 on Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
1262 configured school network. Immediately after installation a school
1263 server running all services needed for a school network is set up just
1264 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
1265 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
1266 initial installation of the main server from CD or USB stick all other
1267 machines can be installed via the network. The provided school server
1268 provides LDAP database and Kerberos authentication service,
1269 centralized home directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other
1270 services.  The desktop contains more than 60 educational software
1271 packages and more are available from the Debian archive, and schools
1272 can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
1273
1274 <p>This is the seventh test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
1275 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
1276 Squeeze release.</p>
1277
1278 <p>Notes for upgrades from Alpha Prereleases</p>
1279
1280 <p>Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
1281 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
1282 release. Both alpha and beta0 based installations should reinstall or
1283 deal with gosa.conf manually; there are two options: (1) Keep
1284 gosa.conf and edit this file as outlined on the mailing list. (2)
1285 Accept the new version of gosa.conf and replace both contained admin
1286 password placeholders with the password hashes found in the old one
1287 (backup copy!). In both cases all users need to change their password
1288 to make sure a password is set for CIFS access to their home
1289 directory.</p>
1290
1291
1292 <p>cheers,
1293 <br>        Holger</p>
1294 </blockquote>
1295
1296       </div>
1297       <div class="tags">
1298
1299
1300         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1301
1302
1303       </div>
1304     </div>
1305     <div class="padding"></div>
1306
1307     <div class="entry">
1308       <div class="title">
1309         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_beta_release__beta_1__of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Second beta release (beta 1) of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
1310       </div>
1311       <div class="date">
1312         22nd August 2013
1313       </div>
1314       <div class="body">
1315         <p>The second wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
1316 today, slightly delayed because of some bugs in the initial Windows
1317 integration fixes .  This is the release announcement:</p>
1318
1319 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b1 released 2013-08-22</strong></p>
1320
1321 <p>These are the release notes for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
1322 7.1+edu0~b1, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
1323
1324 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
1325
1326 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
1327 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
1328 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
1329 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
1330 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
1331 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
1332 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
1333 the main server from CD or USB stick all other machines can be
1334 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
1335 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
1336 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
1337 desktop contains
1338 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
1339 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
1340 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
1341 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
1342
1343 <p>This is the sixth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically this
1344 is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the Squeeze
1345 release.</p>
1346
1347 <p>ALERT: Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
1348 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
1349 release. Both alpha and beta0 based installations should reinstall or
1350 deal with gosa.conf manually; there are two options: (1) Keep
1351 gosa.conf and edit this file as outlined
1352 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/2013/08/msg00127.html">on
1353 the mailing list</a>. (2) Accept the new version of gosa.conf and
1354 replace both contained admin password placeholders with the password
1355 hashes found in the old one (backup copy!). In both cases every user
1356 need to change their their password to make sure a password is set for
1357 CIFS access to their home directory.</p>
1358
1359 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
1360
1361 <ul>
1362
1363 <li>Added ssh askpass packages to default installation, to ensure ssh
1364     work also without a attached tty.</li>
1365 <li>Add the command-not-found package to the default installation to
1366     make it easier to figure out where to find missing command line
1367     tools. Please note, that the command 'update-command-not-found'
1368     has to be run as root to actually make it useful (internet access
1369     required).</li>
1370
1371 </ul>
1372
1373 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
1374
1375 <ul>
1376
1377 <li>Adjusted the USB stick ISO image build to include every tool
1378 needed for desktop=xfce installations.</li>
1379 <li>Adjust thin-client-server task to work when installing from USB
1380 stick ISO image.</li>
1381 <li>Made new grub artwork (changed png from indexed to RGB format).</li>
1382 <li>Minor cleanup in the CUPS setup.</li>
1383 <li>Make sure that bootstrapping of the Samba domain really happens
1384     during installation of the main server and adjust SID handling to
1385     cope with this.</li>
1386 <li>Make Samba passwords changeable (again) via GOsa².</li>
1387 <li>Fix generation of LM and NT password hashes via GOsa² to avoid
1388     empty password hashes.</li>
1389 <li>Adapted Samba machine domain joining to latest change in the
1390     smbldap-tools Perl package, fixing bugs blocking Windows machines
1391     from joining the Samba domain.</li>
1392
1393 </ul>
1394
1395 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
1396
1397 <ul>
1398
1399 <li>KDE fails to understand the wpad.dat file provided, causing it to
1400     not use the http proxy as it should.</li>
1401 <li>Chromium also fails to use the proxy when using the KDE desktop
1402     (using the KDE configuration).</li>
1403
1404 </ul>
1405
1406 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
1407
1408 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
1409
1410 <ul>
1411
1412 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso</a></li>
1413
1414 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso</a></li>
1415
1416 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso .</li>
1417
1418 </ul>
1419
1420 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 1e357f80b55e703523f2254adde6d78b
1421 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 7157f9be5fd27c7694d713c6ecfed61c3edda3b2</p>
1422
1423 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
1424
1425 <ul>
1426
1427 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso</a></li>
1428 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso</a></li>
1429 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso .</li>
1430
1431 </ul>
1432
1433 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 7a8408ead59cf7e3cef25afb6e91590b
1434 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: f1817c031f02790d5edb3bfa0dcf8451088ad119</p>
1435
1436
1437 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
1438
1439 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
1440
1441       </div>
1442       <div class="tags">
1443
1444
1445         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1446
1447
1448       </div>
1449     </div>
1450     <div class="padding"></div>
1451
1452     <div class="entry">
1453       <div class="title">
1454         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_beta_release_of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">First beta release of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
1455       </div>
1456       <div class="date">
1457         27th July 2013
1458       </div>
1459       <div class="body">
1460         <p>The first wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
1461 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
1462
1463 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b0 released
1464 2013-07-27</strong></p>
1465
1466 <p>These are the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
1467 7.1+edu0~b0, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
1468
1469 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
1470
1471 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
1472 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
1473 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
1474 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
1475 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
1476 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
1477 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
1478 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
1479 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
1480 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
1481 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
1482 desktop contains
1483 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
1484 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
1485 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
1486 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
1487
1488 <p>This is the fifth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
1489 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
1490 Squeeze release.</p>
1491
1492 <p>ALERT: Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
1493 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
1494 release.</p>
1495
1496 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
1497
1498 <ul>
1499
1500 <li>Switched roaming workstation profiles from wicd to network-manager
1501    for network configuration, as wicd didn't work any more.</li>
1502 <li>Changed version numbers of patched gosa and libpam-mklocaluser
1503    packages to make sure our locally patched versions will be replaced
1504    by the official packages when they are released from Debian. Those
1505    installing alpha version need to reinstall or manually downgrade gosa
1506    and libpam-mklocaluser.</li>
1507 <li>Added bluetooth tools to the default desktop (bluedevil, blueman).</li>
1508 <li>Added tools for sharing the desktop on KDE (krdc, krfb).</li>
1509 <li>Added valgrind to the default installation for easier debugging of
1510    crash bugs.</li>
1511
1512 </ul>
1513
1514 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
1515
1516 <ul>
1517
1518 <li>Fixed artwork package to work with gnome, no longer break
1519    desktop=gnome installations.</li>
1520 <li>Adjusted installer to now work when forced to use a proxy with the
1521    netinst CD.</li>
1522 <li>Fixed code detecting and setting/loading hardware specific
1523    setup/firmware to work more robust out of the box.</li>
1524 <li>Adjusted Kerberos setup to detect realm and server settings at
1525    install time instead of dynamically at run time. This avoid a crash
1526    with krb5-auth-dialog on diskless workstations without a DNS name.</li>
1527 <li>Worked around misfeature in network-manager not calling the dhclient
1528    exit hooks, causing automatic proxy configuration and automatic host
1529    name setting at run time to work again.</li>
1530 <li>Fixed feature setting the default Iceweasel start page from URL
1531    fetched from LDAP, to allow schools to set the global default by
1532    updating the dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no LDAP object.</li>
1533 <li>Changed default host name on all networked machines to be unique
1534    (generated from MAC or reverse DNS) after boot.</li>
1535 <li>Adjusted partition sizes to make sure they are big enough.</li>
1536
1537 </ul>
1538
1539 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
1540
1541 <ul>
1542
1543 <li>Grub is missing the new artwork.</li>
1544 <li>KDE fail to understand the wpad.dat file provided, causing it to
1545     not use the http proxy as it should.</li>
1546 <li>Chromium also fail to use the proxy.</li>
1547
1548 </ul>
1549
1550 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
1551
1552 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
1553
1554 <ul>
1555
1556 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso</a></li>
1557
1558 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso</a></li>
1559
1560 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso .</li>
1561
1562 </ul>
1563
1564 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 55d5de9765b6dccd5d9ec33cf1a07109
1565 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 996a1d9517740e4d627d100de2d12b23dd545a3f</p>
1566
1567 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
1568
1569 <ul>
1570
1571 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso</a></li>
1572 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso</a></li>
1573 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso .</li>
1574
1575 </ul>
1576
1577 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: d8f0818c51a78d357de794066f289f69
1578 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 49185ca354e8d0543240423746924f76a6cee733</p>
1579
1580
1581 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
1582
1583 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
1584
1585       </div>
1586       <div class="tags">
1587
1588
1589         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1590
1591
1592       </div>
1593     </div>
1594     <div class="padding"></div>
1595
1596     <div class="entry">
1597       <div class="title">
1598         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/July_13th__Debian_Ubuntu_BSP_and_Skolelinux_Debian_Edu_developer_gathering_in_Oslo.html">July 13th: Debian/Ubuntu BSP and Skolelinux/Debian Edu developer gathering in Oslo</a>
1599       </div>
1600       <div class="date">
1601          9th July 2013
1602       </div>
1603       <div class="body">
1604         <p>The upcoming Saturday, 2013-07-13, we are organising a combined
1605 Debian Edu developer gathering and Debian and Ubuntu bug squashing
1606 party in Oslo.  It is organised by <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">the
1607 member assosiation NUUG</a> and
1608 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">the Debian Edu / Skolelinux
1609 project</a> together with <a href="http://bitraf.no/">the hack space
1610 Bitraf</a>.</p>
1611
1612 <p>It starts 10:00 and continue until late evening.  Everyone is
1613 welcome, and there is no fee to participate.  There is on the other
1614 hand limited space, and only room for 30 people.  Please put your name
1615 on <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/BSP/2013/07/13/no/Oslo">the event
1616 wiki page</a> if you plan to join us.</p>
1617
1618       </div>
1619       <div class="tags">
1620
1621
1622         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
1623
1624
1625       </div>
1626     </div>
1627     <div class="padding"></div>
1628
1629     <div class="entry">
1630       <div class="title">
1631         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fourth_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Fourth alpha release of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
1632       </div>
1633       <div class="date">
1634          3rd July 2013
1635       </div>
1636       <div class="body">
1637         <p>The fourth wheezy based alpha release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
1638 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
1639
1640 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~alpha3 released
1641 2013-07-03</strong></p>
1642
1643 <p>These are the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
1644 7.1+edu0~alpha3, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
1645
1646 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
1647
1648 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
1649 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
1650 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
1651 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
1652 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
1653 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
1654 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
1655 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
1656 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
1657 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
1658 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
1659 desktop contains
1660 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
1661 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
1662 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
1663 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
1664
1665 <p>This is the fourth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
1666 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
1667 Squeeze release.</p>
1668
1669 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
1670 <ul>
1671   <li>Dropped ispell dictionaries from our default installation.</li>
1672   <li>Dropped menu-xdg from the KDE desktop option, to drop the Debian
1673     submenu.  It was not included with Gnome, LXDE or Xfce, so this
1674     brings KDE in line with the others.</li>
1675   <li>Dropped xdrawchem, xjig and xsok from our default installation as
1676     they don't have a desktop menu entry and thus won't show up in the
1677     menu now that menu-xdg was removed.</li>
1678   <li>Removed the killer system to kill left behind processes on
1679     multi-user machines, as it was no longer able to understand when a
1680     X display was in use and killed the processes of the active users
1681     too.</li>
1682   <li>Dropped the golearn (from goplay) package as the debtags in wheezy
1683     are too few to make the package useful.</li>
1684 </ul>
1685 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
1686 <ul>
1687   <li>Updated artwork matching http://wiki.debian.org/DebianArt/Themes/Joy
1688   <li>Multi-arch i386/amd64 USB stick ISO available.</li>
1689   <li>Got rid of ispell/wordlist related debconf questions that showed
1690     up for some language options.</li>
1691   <li>Switched to using http.debian.net as APT source by default.</li>
1692   <li>Fixed proxy configuration on Main Server installations.</li>
1693   <li>Changed LTSP setup to ask dpkg to use force-unsafe-io the same way
1694     d-i is doing it.</li>
1695   <li>Made sure root and user passwords were not left behind in the
1696     debconf database after installation on Main Server installations.</li>
1697   <li>Made Roaming Workstation dynamic setup more robust and added draft
1698     script setup-ad-client to hook a Roaming Workstation up to a
1699     Active Directory server instead of a Debian Edu Main Server.</li>
1700   <li>Update system to install needed firmware packages during
1701     installation, to work properly in Wheezy.</li>
1702   <li>Update system to handle hardware quirks (debian-edu-hwsetup).</li>
1703   <li>Corrected PXE installation setup to properly pass selected desktop
1704     and keymap settings to PXE installation clients.</li>
1705   <li>LTSP diskless workstations use sshfs by default, allowing them to
1706     work without adding them to DNS and NIS netgroups for NFS access.</li>
1707 </ul>
1708 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
1709 <ul>
1710   <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
1711     available yet (698840).</li>
1712   <li>Artwork not enabled for all desktops.</li>
1713 </ul>
1714 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
1715
1716 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
1717 <ul>
1718   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso</a></li>
1719   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso</a></li>
1720   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso .</li>
1721 </ul>
1722
1723 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 2b161a99d2a848c376d8d04e3854e30c
1724 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 498922e9c508c0a7ee9dbe1dfe5bf830d779c3c8</p>
1725
1726 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
1727 <ul>
1728   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso</a></li>
1729   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso</a></li>
1730   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso .</li>
1731 </ul>
1732
1733 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 25e808e403a4c15dbef1d13c37d572ac
1734 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 15ecfc93eb6b4f453b7eb0bc04b6a279262d9721</p>
1735
1736 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
1737
1738 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
1739
1740       </div>
1741       <div class="tags">
1742
1743
1744         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1745
1746
1747       </div>
1748     </div>
1749     <div class="padding"></div>
1750
1751     <div class="entry">
1752       <div class="title">
1753         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_value_of_a_good_distro_wide_test_suite___.html">The value of a good distro wide test suite...</a>
1754       </div>
1755       <div class="date">
1756         22nd June 2013
1757       </div>
1758       <div class="body">
1759         <p>In the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
1760 Skolelinux</a> project, we include a post-installation test suite,
1761 which check that services are running, working, and return the
1762 expected results.  It runs automatically just after the first boot on
1763 test installations (using test ISOs), but not on production
1764 installations (using non-test ISOs).  It test that the LDAP service is
1765 operating, Kerberos is responding, DNS is replying, file systems are
1766 online resizable, etc, etc.  And it check that the PXE service is
1767 configured, which is the topic of this post.</p>
1768
1769 <p>The last week I've fixed the DVD and USB stick ISOs for our Debian
1770 Edu Wheezy release.  These ISOs are supposed to be able to install a
1771 complete system without any Internet connection, but for that to
1772 happen all the needed packages need to be on them.  Thanks to our test
1773 suite, I discovered that we had forgotten to adjust our PXE setup to
1774 cope with the new names and paths used by the netboot d-i packages.
1775 When Internet connectivity was available, the installer fall back to
1776 using wget to fetch d-i boot images, but when offline it require
1777 working packages to get it working.  And the packages changed name
1778 from debian-installer-6.0-netboot-$arch to
1779 debian-installer-7.0-netboot-$arch, we no longer pulled in the
1780 packages during installation.  Without our test suite, I suspect we
1781 would never have discovered this before release.  Now it is fixed
1782 right after we got the ISOs operational.</p>
1783
1784 <p>Another by-product of the test suite is that we can ask system
1785 administrators with problems getting Debian Edu to work, to run the
1786 test suite using <tt>/usr/sbin/debian-edu-test-install</tt> and see if
1787 any errors are detected.  This usually pinpoint the subsystem causing
1788 the problem.</p>
1789
1790 <p>If you want to help us help kids learn how to share and create,
1791 please join us on
1792 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu on
1793 irc.debian.org</a> and the
1794 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@</a> mailing
1795 list.</p>
1796
1797       </div>
1798       <div class="tags">
1799
1800
1801         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1802
1803
1804       </div>
1805     </div>
1806     <div class="padding"></div>
1807
1808     <div class="entry">
1809       <div class="title">
1810         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Victor_Ni_u.html">Debian Edu interview: Victor Nițu</a>
1811       </div>
1812       <div class="date">
1813         17th June 2013
1814       </div>
1815       <div class="body">
1816         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
1817 Skolelinux</a> distribution have users and contributors all around the
1818 globe.  And a while back, an enterprising young man showed up on
1819 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">our IRC channel
1820 #debian-edu</a> and started asking questions about how Debian Edu
1821 worked.  We answered as good as we could, and even convinced him to
1822 help us with translations.  And today I managed to get an interview
1823 with him, to learn more about him.</p>
1824
1825 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
1826
1827 <p>I'm a 25 year old free software enthusiast, living in Romania,
1828 which is also my country of origin. Back in 2009, at a New Year's Eve
1829 party, I had a very nice <strike>beer</strike> discussion with a
1830 friend, when we realized we have no organised Debian community in our
1831 country. A few days later, we put together the infrastructure for such
1832 community and even gathered a nice Debian-ish crowd. Since then, I
1833 began my quest as a free software hacker and activist and I am
1834 constantly trying to cover as much ground as possible on that
1835 field.</p>
1836
1837 <p>A few years ago I founded a small web development company, which
1838 provided me the flexible schedule I needed so much for my
1839 activities. For the last 13 months, I have been the Technical Director
1840 of <a href="http://ceata.org/">Fundația Ceata</a>, which is a free
1841 software activist organisation endorsed by the FSF and the FSFE, and
1842 the only one we have in our country.</p>
1843
1844 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
1845 project?</strong></p>
1846
1847 <p>The idea of participating in the Debian Edu project was a surprise
1848 even to me, since I never used it before I began getting involved in
1849 it. This year I had a great opportunity to deliver a talk on
1850 educational software, and I knew immediately where to look. It was a
1851 love at first sight, since I was previously involved with some of the
1852 technologies the project incorporates, and I rapidly found a lot of
1853 ways to contribute.</p>
1854
1855 <p>My first contributions consisted in translating the installer and
1856 configuration dialogs, then I found some bugs to squash (I still
1857 haven't fixed them yet though), and I even got my eyes on some other
1858 areas where I can prove myself helpful. Since the appetite for free
1859 software in my country is pretty low, I'll be happy to be the first
1860 one around here advocating for the project's adoption in educational
1861 environments, and maybe even get my hands dirty in creating a flavour
1862 for our own needs. I am not used to make very advanced plannings, so
1863 from now on, time will tell what I'll be doing next, but I think I
1864 have a pretty consistent starting point.</p>
1865
1866 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
1867 Edu?</strong></p>
1868
1869 <p>Not a long time ago, I was in the position of configuring and
1870 maintaining a LDAP server on some Debian derivative, and I must say it
1871 took me a while. A long time ago, I was maintaining a bigger
1872 Samba-powered infrastructure, and I must say I spent quite a lot of
1873 time on it. I have similar stories about many of the services included
1874 with Skolelinux, and the main advantage I see about it is the
1875 out-of-the box availability of them, making it quite competitive when
1876 it comes to managing a school's network, for example.</p>
1877
1878 <p>Of course, there is more to say about Skolelinux than the
1879 availability of the software included, its flexibility in various
1880 scenarios is something I can't wait to experiment "into the wild" (I
1881 only played with virtual machines so far). And I am sure there is a
1882 lot more I haven't discovered yet about it, being so new within the
1883 project.</p>
1884
1885 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1886 Edu?</strong></p>
1887
1888 <p>As usual, when it comes to Debian Blends, I see as the biggest
1889 disadvantage the lack of a numerous team dedicated to the
1890 project. Every day I see the same names in the changelogs, and I have
1891 a constantly fear of the bus factor in this story.  I'd like to see
1892 Debian Edu advertised more as an entry point into the Debian
1893 ecosystem, especially amongst newcomers and students. IMHO there are a
1894 lot low-hanging fruits in terms of bug squashing, and enough
1895 opportunities to get the feeling of the Debian Project's dynamics. Not
1896 to mention it's a very fun blend to work on!</p>
1897
1898 <p>Derived from the previous statement, is the delay in catching up
1899 with the main Debian release and documentation. This is common though
1900 to all blends and derivatives, but it's an issue we can all work
1901 on.</p>
1902
1903 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
1904
1905 <p>I can hardly imagine myself spending a day without Vim, since my
1906 daily routine covers writing code and hacking configuration files. I
1907 am a fan of the Awesome window manager (but I also like the
1908 Enlightenment project a lot!),
1909 <a href="http://www.claws-mail.org/‎">Claws Mail</a> due to its ease of
1910 use and very configurable behaviour. Recently I fell in love with
1911 <a href="https://launchpad.net/redshift">Redshift</a>, which helps me
1912 get through the night without headaches. Of course, there is much more
1913 stuff in this bag, but I'll need a blog on my own for doing this!</p>
1914
1915 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
1916 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
1917
1918 <p>Well, on this field, I cannot do much more than experiment right
1919 now. So, being far from having a recipe for success, I can only assume
1920 that:</p>
1921
1922 <ul>
1923
1924 <li>schools would like to get rid of proprietary software</li>
1925
1926 <li>students will love the openness of the system, and will want to
1927     experiment with it - maybe we need to harvest the native curiosity
1928     of teenagers more?</li>
1929
1930 <li>there is no "right one" when it comes to strategies, but it would
1931     be useful to have some success stories published somewhere, so
1932     other can get some inspiration from them (I know I'd promote
1933     them!)</li>
1934
1935 <li>more active promotion - talks, conferences, even small school
1936     lectures can do magical things if they encounter at least one
1937     person interested. Who knows who that person might be? ;-)</li>
1938
1939 </ul>
1940
1941 <p>I also see some problems in getting Skolelinux into schools; for
1942 example, in our country we have a great deal of corruption issues, so
1943 it might be hard(er) to fight against proprietary solutions. Also,
1944 people who relied on commercial software for all their lives, would be
1945 very hard to convert against their will.</p>
1946
1947       </div>
1948       <div class="tags">
1949
1950
1951         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
1952
1953
1954       </div>
1955     </div>
1956     <div class="padding"></div>
1957
1958     <div class="entry">
1959       <div class="title">
1960         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Jonathan_Carter.html">Debian Edu interview: Jonathan Carter</a>
1961       </div>
1962       <div class="date">
1963         12th June 2013
1964       </div>
1965       <div class="body">
1966         <p>There is a certain cross-over between the
1967 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
1968 project</a> and <a href="http://www.edubuntu.org/">the Edubuntu
1969 project</a>, and for example the LTSP packages in Debian are a joint
1970 effort between the projects.  One person with a foot in both camps is
1971 Jonathan Carter, which I am now happy to present to you.</p>
1972
1973 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
1974
1975 <p>I'm a South-African free software geek who lives in Cape Town. My
1976 days vary quite a bit since I'm involved in too many things. As I'm
1977 getting older I'm learning how to focus a bit more :)</p>
1978
1979 <p>I'm also an Edubuntu contributor and I love when there are
1980 opportunities for the Edubuntu and Debian Edu projects to benefit from
1981 each other.</p>
1982
1983 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
1984 project?</strong></p>
1985
1986 <p>I've been somewhat familiar with the project before, but I think my
1987 first direct exposure to the project was when I met Petter
1988 [Reinholdtsen] and Knut [Yrvin] at the Edubuntu summit in 2005 in
1989 London. They provided great feedback that helped the bootstrapping of
1990 Edubuntu. Back then Edubuntu (and even Ubuntu) was still very new and
1991 it was great getting input from people who have been around longer. I
1992 was also still very excitable and said yes to everything and to this
1993 day I have a big todo list backlog that I'm catching up with. I think
1994 over the years the relationship between Edubuntu and Debian-Edu has
1995 been gradually improving, although I think there's a lot that we could
1996 still improve on in terms of working together on packages. I'm sure
1997 we'll get there one day.</p>
1998
1999 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2000 Edu?</strong></p>
2001
2002 <p>Debian itself already has so many advantages. I could go on about
2003 it for pages, but in essence I love that it's a very honest project
2004 that puts its users first with no hidden agendas and also produces
2005 very high quality work.</p>
2006
2007 <p>I think the advantage of Debian Edu is that it makes many common
2008 set-up tasks simpler so that administrators can get up and running
2009 with a lot less effort and frustration. At the same time I think it
2010 helps to standardise installations in schools so that it's easier for
2011 community members and commercial suppliers to support.</p>
2012
2013 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2014 Edu?</strong></p>
2015
2016 <p>I had to re-type this one a few times because I'm trying to
2017 separate "disadvantages" from "areas that need improvement" (which is
2018 what I originally rambled on about)</p>
2019
2020 <p>The biggest disadvantage I can think of is lack of manpower. The
2021 project could do so much more if there were more good contributors. I
2022 think some of the problems are external too. Free software and free
2023 content in education is a no-brainer but it takes some time to catch
2024 on. When you've been working with the same proprietary eco-system for
2025 years and have gotten used to it, it can be hard to adjust to some
2026 concepts in the free software world. It would be nice if there were
2027 more Debian Edu consultants across the world. I'd love to be one
2028 myself but I'm already so over-committed that it's just not possible
2029 currently.</p>
2030
2031 <p>I think the best short-term solution to that large-scale problem is
2032 for schools to be pro-active and share their experiences and grow
2033 their skills in-house. I'm often saddened to see how much money
2034 educational institutions spend on 3rd party solutions that they don't
2035 have access to after the service has ended and they could've gotten so
2036 much more value otherwise by being more self-sustainable and
2037 autonomous.</p>
2038
2039 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
2040
2041 <p>My main laptop dual-boots between Debian and Windows 7. I was
2042 Windows free for years but started dual-booting again last year for
2043 some games which help me focus and relax (Starcraft II in
2044 particular). Gaming support on Linux is improving in leaps and bounds
2045 so I suppose I'll soon be able to regain that disk space :)</p>
2046
2047 <p>Besides that I rely on Icedove, Chromium, Terminator, Byobu, irssi,
2048 git, Tomboy, KVM, VLC and LibreOffice. Recently I've been torn on
2049 which desktop environment I like and I'm taking some refuge in Xfce
2050 while I figure that out. I like tools that keep things simple. I enjoy
2051 Python and shell scripting. I went to an Arduino workshop recently and
2052 it was awesome seeing how easy and simple the IDE software was to get
2053 up and running in Debian compared to the users running Windows and OS
2054 X.</p>
2055
2056 <p>I also use mc which some people frown upon slightly. I got used to
2057 using Norton Commander in the early 90's and it stuck (I think the
2058 people who sneer at it is just jealous that they don't know how to use
2059 it :p)
2060
2061 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
2062 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
2063
2064 <p>I think trying to force it is unproductive. I also think that in
2065 many cases it's appropriate for schools to use non-free systems and I
2066 don't think that there's any particular moral or ethical problem with
2067 that.</p>
2068
2069 <p>I do think though that free software can already solve so so many
2070 problems in educational institutions and it's just a shame not taking
2071 advantage of that.</p>
2072
2073 <p>I also think that some curricula need serious review. For example,
2074 some areas of the world rely heavily on very specific versions of MS
2075 Office, teaching students to parrot menu items instead of learning the
2076 general concepts. I think that's very unproductive because firstly, MS
2077 Office's interface changes drastically every few years and on top of
2078 that it also locks in a generation to a product that might not be the
2079 best solution for them.</p>
2080
2081 <p>To answer your question, I believe that the right strategy is to
2082 educate and inform, giving someone the information they require to
2083 make a decision that would work for them.</p>
2084
2085       </div>
2086       <div class="tags">
2087
2088
2089         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
2090
2091
2092       </div>
2093     </div>
2094     <div class="padding"></div>
2095
2096     <div class="entry">
2097       <div class="title">
2098         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Third alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
2099       </div>
2100       <div class="date">
2101         10th June 2013
2102       </div>
2103       <div class="body">
2104         <p>The third wheezy based alpha release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
2105 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
2106
2107 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.0.0 alpha2 released
2108 2013-06-10</strong></p>
2109
2110 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux 7.0.0 edu
2111 alpha2, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
2112
2113 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
2114
2115 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
2116 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
2117 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
2118 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
2119 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
2120 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
2121 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
2122 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
2123 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
2124 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
2125 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
2126 desktop contains
2127 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
2128 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
2129 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
2130 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
2131
2132 <p>This is the third test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
2133 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
2134 Squeeze release.</p>
2135
2136 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
2137
2138 <ul>
2139
2140 <li>Iceweasel was updated from 10 to 17. (DSA 2699-1)
2141 <li>Updated libxv (DSA-2674), libxvmc (DSA-2675), libxfixes (DSA-2676), libxrender (DSA-2677), mesa (DSA-2678), xserver-xorg-video-openchrome (DSA-2679), libxt (DSA-2680), libxcursor (DSA-2681), libxext (DSA-2682), libxi (DSA-2683), libxrandr (DSA-2684), libxp (DSA-2685), libxcb (DSA-2686), libfs (DSA-2687), libxres (DSA-2688), libxtst (DSA-2689), libxxf86dga (DSA-2690), libxinerama (DSA-2691), libxxf86vm (DSA-2692), libx11 (DSA-2693), chromium-browser (DSA-2695), gnutls26 (DSA-2697), wireshark (DSA-2700), krb5 (DSA-2701), telepathy-gabble (DSA-2702) and subversion (DSA-2703).
2142 <li>Switched xrdp on thin client servers to use tightvncserver instead of xvnc4.
2143 <li>Now install software oscilloscope xoscope by default.
2144 <li>Now install music tools gtick, lingot and pianobooster by default.
2145
2146 </ul>
2147
2148 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
2149
2150 <ul>
2151
2152 <li>The subnet-change script is now able to change all files needing a change on the main-server when changing the IP network used.
2153 <li>Updated translation of the installation.
2154 <li>New Romanian translation.
2155 <li>Fix security problem causing root and first user password to no longer show up in /var/cache/debconf/templates.dat.
2156 <li>Fix roaming workstation setup (Closed in libpam-mklocaluser/0.8, libpam-mklocaluser/0.8~deb7u1: #706753: libpam-mklocaluser: Fail to create local user during first login).
2157 <li>Made roaming workstation setup more robust in non-Debian Edu environments.
2158 <li>New script debian-edu-bless to transform a Debian installation to a Debian Edu profile.
2159 <li>Adjust Iceweasel setup to improve performance when $HOME is on NFS.
2160 <li>More testsuite tests.
2161 <li>Make automatic proxy configuration more robust.
2162 <li>Adjust GOsa² GUI configuration.
2163
2164 <li>Update thin client and diskless workstation setup to work with
2165 LTSP in Wheezy.</li>
2166
2167 <li>Diskless workstations now run out of the box -- no need to set
2168 them up with GOsa².</li>
2169
2170 <li>Update IMAP server setup. </li>
2171
2172 <li>Fix login into Skolelinux Backup Tool (Closed in
2173 slbackup-php/0.4.4-1: #700257: slbackup-php: Fails to submit correctly
2174 entered password). </li>
2175
2176 </ul>
2177
2178 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
2179
2180 <ul>
2181
2182 <li>DVD binary and source images are not yet ready.</li>
2183
2184 <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
2185 available yet (Open in gosa/2.7.4-4: #698840: gosa-plugin-ldapmanager:
2186 missing import feature).</li>
2187
2188 <li>Missing artwork for the KDE desktop (and probably a few others). </li>
2189
2190 <li>KDE Debian submenu lacks icons (Closed: #502192: menu-xdg: invents
2191 own icon names instead of using existing). This will remain
2192 unfixed.</li>
2193
2194 </ul>
2195
2196 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
2197
2198 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
2199
2200 <ul>
2201
2202 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso</a></li>
2203
2204 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso</a></li>
2205
2206 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso .</li>
2207
2208 </ul>
2209
2210 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 27bbcace407743382f3c42c08dbe8178
2211 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: e35f7d7908566cd3075375b3721fa10ee420d419</p>
2212
2213 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
2214
2215 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
2216
2217       </div>
2218       <div class="tags">
2219
2220
2221         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2222
2223
2224       </div>
2225     </div>
2226     <div class="padding"></div>
2227
2228     <div class="entry">
2229       <div class="title">
2230         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Is_there_a_PHP_expert_in_the_building___Debian_Edu_need_help_.html">Is there a PHP expert in the building?  Debian Edu need help!</a>
2231       </div>
2232       <div class="date">
2233          5th June 2013
2234       </div>
2235       <div class="body">
2236         <p>Here is a call for help from the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project.
2237 We have two problems blocking the release of the Wheezy version we
2238 hope to get released soon.  The two problems require some with PHP
2239 skills, and we seem to lack anyone with both time and PHP skills in
2240 the project:
2241
2242 <ol>
2243
2244 <li>It is impossible to log into the slbackup web interface
2245   (slbackup-php) using the root user and password.  This is
2246   <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/700257">BTS report #700257</a>.
2247   This used to work, but stopped working some time since Squeeze.
2248   Perhaps some obsolete PHP feature was used?</li>
2249
2250 <li>It is not possible to "mass import" user lists in Gosa, neither
2251   using ldif nor using CSV files.  The feature was disabled after a
2252   major rewrite of Gosa, and need to be ported to the new system.
2253   This is <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/698840">BTS report
2254   #698840</a>.</li>
2255
2256 </ol>
2257
2258 <p>If you can help us, please join us on IRC
2259 (<a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu on
2260 irc.debian.org</a>) and provide patches via the BTS.</p>
2261
2262       </div>
2263       <div class="tags">
2264
2265
2266         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2267
2268
2269       </div>
2270     </div>
2271     <div class="padding"></div>
2272
2273     <div class="entry">
2274       <div class="title">
2275         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__C_dric_Boutillier.html">Debian Edu interview: Cédric Boutillier</a>
2276       </div>
2277       <div class="date">
2278          4th June 2013
2279       </div>
2280       <div class="body">
2281         <p>It has been a while since my last English
2282 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
2283 interview last November.  But the developers and translators are still
2284 pulling along to get the Wheezy based release out the door, and this
2285 time I managed to get an interview from one of the French translators
2286 in the project, Cédric Boutillier.</p>
2287
2288 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
2289
2290 <p>I am 34 year old. I live near Paris, France. I am an assistant
2291 professor in probability theory. I spend my daytime teaching
2292 mathematics at the university and doing fundamental research in
2293 probability in connexion with combinatorics and statistical physics.</p>
2294
2295 <p>I have been involved in the Debian project for a couple of years
2296 and became Debian Developer a few months ago. I am working on Ruby
2297 packaging, publicity and translation.</p>
2298
2299 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
2300 project?</strong></p>
2301
2302 <p>I came to the Debian Edu project after a call for translation of
2303 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Manuals">the
2304 Debian Edu manual</a> for the release of Debian Edu Squeeze. Since
2305 then, I have been working on updating the French translation of the
2306 manual.
2307
2308 <p>I had the opportunity to make an installation of Debian Edu in a
2309 virtual machine when I was preparing localised version of some screen
2310 shots for the manual. I was amazed to see it worked out of the box and
2311 how comprehensive the list of software installed by default was.</p>
2312
2313 <p>What amazed me was the complete network infrastructure directly
2314 ready to use, which can and the nice administration interface provided
2315 by <a href="https://oss.gonicus.de/labs/gosa/">GOsa²</a>.  What pleased
2316 me also was the fact that among the software installed by default,
2317 there were many "traditional" educative software to learn languages,
2318 to count, to program... but also software to develop creativity and
2319 artistic skills with music (<a href="http://ardour.org/">Ardour</a>,
2320 <a href="http://audacity.sourceforge.net/">Audacity</a>) and
2321 movies/animation (I was especially thinking of
2322 <a href="http://linuxstopmotion.sourceforge.net/">Stopmotion</a>).</p>
2323
2324 <p>I am following the development of Debian Edu and am hanging out on
2325 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu</a>.
2326 Unfortunately, I don't much time to get more involved in this
2327 beautiful project.</p>
2328
2329 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2330 Edu?</strong></p>
2331
2332 <p>For me, the main advantages of Skolelinux/Debian Edu are its
2333 community of experts and its precise documentation, as well as the
2334 fact that it provides a solution ready to use.</p>
2335
2336 <p>I would add also the fact that it is based on the rock solid Debian
2337 distribution, which ensures stability and provides a huge collection
2338 of educational free software.</p>
2339
2340 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2341 Edu?</strong></p>
2342
2343 <p>Maybe the lack of manpower to do lobbying on the
2344 project. Sometimes, people who need to take decisions concerning IT do
2345 not have all the elements to evaluate properly free software
2346 solutions. The fact that support by a company may be difficult to find
2347 is probably a problem if the school does not have IT personnel.</p>
2348
2349 <p>One can find support from a company by looking at
2350 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Help/ProfessionalHelp">the
2351 wiki dokumentation</a>, where some countries already have a number of
2352 companies providing support for Debian Edu, like Germany or
2353 Norway. This list is easy to find readily from the manual. However,
2354 for other countries, like France, the list is empty. I guess that
2355 consultants proposing support for Debian would be able to provide some
2356 support for Debian Edu as well.</p>
2357
2358 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
2359
2360 <p>I am using the KDE Plasma Desktop. But the pieces of software I use
2361 most runs in a terminal: Mutt and OfflineIMAP for emails, latex for
2362 scientific documents, mpd for music. VIM is my editor of choice.  I am
2363 also using the mathematical software
2364 <a href="http://www.scilab.org/en/scilab/about‎">Scilab</a> and
2365 <a href="http://www.sagemath.org/index.html‎">Sage</a> (built from
2366 source as not completely packaged for Debian, yet).
2367
2368 <p><strong>Do you have any suggestions for teachers interested in
2369 using the free software in Debian to teach mathematics and
2370 statistics?</strong></p>
2371
2372 <p>I do not have any "nice" recommendations for statistics. At our
2373 university, we use both <a href="http://www.r-project.org/‎">R</a> and
2374 Scilab to teach statistics and probabilistic simulations. For
2375 geometry, there are nice programs:</p>
2376
2377 <ul>
2378
2379 <li><a href="http://www.drgeo.eu/">drgeo</a> and
2380 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/applications/all/kig‎">kig</a> to do
2381 constructions in planar geometry
2382
2383 <li><a href="http://www.geom.uiuc.edu/software/download/kali.html">kali</a>
2384 to discover symmetry groups (the so-called wallpapers and frieze
2385 groups), although the interface looks a bit old.</li>
2386
2387 </ul>
2388
2389 <p>I like also
2390 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/applications/all/cantor">cantor</a>, which
2391 provides a uniform interface to SciLab, Sage,
2392 <a href="http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Octave‎">Octave</a>, etc...</p>
2393
2394 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
2395 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
2396
2397 <p>My suggestions would be to</p>
2398
2399 <ul>
2400
2401 <li>advertise the reduction of costs when free software is used.</li>
2402
2403 <li>communicate about the quality of free software projects, using
2404     well known examples like Firefox, ThunderBird and
2405     OpenOffice.org/LibreOffice.</li>
2406
2407 <li>advertise the living and strong community around the project.</li>
2408
2409 <li>show that it is not more difficult to use than any other
2410     system.</li>
2411
2412 </ul>
2413
2414       </div>
2415       <div class="tags">
2416
2417
2418         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
2419
2420
2421       </div>
2422     </div>
2423     <div class="padding"></div>
2424
2425     <div class="entry">
2426       <div class="title">
2427         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">Educational applications included in Debian Edu / Skolelinux (the screenshot collection :-)</a>
2428       </div>
2429       <div class="date">
2430          1st June 2013
2431       </div>
2432       <div class="body">
2433         <p>Included in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
2434 Skolelinux</a>, there are quite a lot of educational software.
2435 Created to help teachers teach, and pupils learn.  We have tried to
2436 tag them all using debtags use::learning and role::program, and using
2437 the debtags I was happy to be able to create a collage of the
2438 educational software packages installed by default, sorted by the
2439 debtag field.  Here it is.  Click on a image to learn more about the
2440 program.</p>
2441
2442 <!-- for f in $(debtags tagcat|grep field::|awk '{print $2}'); do   echo; echo "<p><strong>$f</strong></p>"; echo "<p>";   (     for p in $(debtags search --names "use::learning && interface::x11 && role::program && $f"); do img="<img src='http://screenshots.debian.net/thumbnail/$p' alt='$p'>"; if dpkg -s $p > /dev/null 2>&1; then           echo "<a href='http://packages.qa.debian.org/$p'>$img</a>"; fi;     done;   ) | LANG=C sort; echo "</p>"; done -->
2443
2444 <p><strong>field::arts</strong></p>
2445 <p>
2446 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=audacity'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/audacity.png' alt='audacity'></a>
2447 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
2448 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=denemo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/denemo.png' alt='denemo'></a>
2449 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=freebirth'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/freebirth.png' alt='freebirth'></a>
2450 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
2451 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gimp'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gimp.png' alt='gimp'></a>
2452 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=hydrogen'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/hydrogen.png' alt='hydrogen'></a>
2453 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=lilypond'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/lilypond.png' alt='lilypond'></a>
2454 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=lmms'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/lmms.png' alt='lmms'></a>
2455 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=rosegarden'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/rosegarden.png' alt='rosegarden'></a>
2456 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scribus'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scribus.png' alt='scribus'></a>
2457 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=solfege'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/solfege.png' alt='solfege'></a>
2458 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=stopmotion'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/stopmotion.png' alt='stopmotion'></a>
2459 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=tuxpaint'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/tuxpaint.png' alt='tuxpaint'></a>
2460 </p>
2461
2462 <p><strong>field::astronomy</strong></p>
2463 <p>
2464 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=celestia-gnome'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/celestia-gnome.png' alt='celestia-gnome'></a>
2465 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gpredict'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gpredict.png' alt='gpredict'></a>
2466 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kstars'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kstars.png' alt='kstars'></a>
2467 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=planets'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/planets.png' alt='planets'></a>
2468 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=stellarium'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/stellarium.png' alt='stellarium'></a>
2469 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xplanet'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xplanet.png' alt='xplanet'></a>
2470 </p>
2471
2472 <p><strong>field::biology:structural</strong></p>
2473 <p>
2474 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=pymol'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/pymol.png' alt='pymol'></a>
2475 </p>
2476
2477 <p><strong>field::chemistry</strong></p>
2478 <p>
2479 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=atomix'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/atomix.png' alt='atomix'></a>
2480 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=chemtool'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/chemtool.png' alt='chemtool'></a>
2481 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=easychem'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/easychem.png' alt='easychem'></a>
2482 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gchempaint'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gchempaint.png' alt='gchempaint'></a>
2483 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gdis'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gdis.png' alt='gdis'></a>
2484 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=ghemical'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/ghemical.png' alt='ghemical'></a>
2485 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gperiodic'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gperiodic.png' alt='gperiodic'></a>
2486 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kalzium'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kalzium.png' alt='kalzium'></a>
2487 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=pymol'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/pymol.png' alt='pymol'></a>
2488 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=viewmol'>[viewmol]</a>
2489 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xdrawchem'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xdrawchem.png' alt='xdrawchem'></a>
2490 </p>
2491
2492 <p><strong>field::electronics</strong></p>
2493 <p>
2494 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
2495 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gpsim'>[gpsim]</a>
2496 </p>
2497
2498 <p><strong>field::geography</strong></p>
2499 <p>
2500 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kgeography'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kgeography.png' alt='kgeography'></a>
2501 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=marble'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/marble.png' alt='marble'></a>
2502 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xplanet'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xplanet.png' alt='xplanet'></a>
2503 </p>
2504
2505 <p><strong>field::linguistics</strong></p>
2506 <p>
2507 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
2508 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kanagram'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kanagram.png' alt='kanagram'></a>
2509 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=khangman'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/khangman.png' alt='khangman'></a>
2510 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=klettres'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/klettres.png' alt='klettres'></a>
2511 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=parley'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/parley.png' alt='parley'></a>
2512 </p>
2513
2514 <p><strong>field::mathematics</strong></p>
2515 <p>
2516 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
2517 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=drgeo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/drgeo.png' alt='drgeo'></a>
2518 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
2519 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=geogebra'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/geogebra.png' alt='geogebra'></a>
2520 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=geomview'>[geomview]</a>
2521 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=grace'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/grace.png' alt='grace'></a>
2522 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=graphmonkey'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/graphmonkey.png' alt='graphmonkey'></a>
2523 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=graphthing'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/graphthing.png' alt='graphthing'></a>
2524 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kalgebra'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kalgebra.png' alt='kalgebra'></a>
2525 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kbruch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kbruch.png' alt='kbruch'></a>
2526 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kig'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kig.png' alt='kig'></a>
2527 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kmplot'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kmplot.png' alt='kmplot'></a>
2528 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=mathwar'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/mathwar.png' alt='mathwar'></a>
2529 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=rocs'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/rocs.png' alt='rocs'></a>
2530 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scratch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scratch.png' alt='scratch'></a>
2531 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=tuxmath'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/tuxmath.png' alt='tuxmath'></a>
2532 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xabacus'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xabacus.png' alt='xabacus'></a>
2533 </p>
2534
2535 <p><strong>field::physics</strong></p>
2536 <p>
2537 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
2538 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=step'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/step.png' alt='step'></a>
2539 </p>
2540
2541 <p><strong>field::TODO</strong></p>
2542 <p>
2543 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=blinken'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/blinken.png' alt='blinken'></a>
2544 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=cgoban'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/cgoban.png' alt='cgoban'></a>
2545 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
2546 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
2547 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gnuchess'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gnuchess.png' alt='gnuchess'></a>
2548 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gnugo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gnugo.png' alt='gnugo'></a>
2549 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gtans'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gtans.png' alt='gtans'></a>
2550 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=ktouch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/ktouch.png' alt='ktouch'></a>
2551 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=librecad'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/librecad.png' alt='librecad'></a>
2552 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scratch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scratch.png' alt='scratch'></a>
2553 </p>
2554
2555 <p>In total, 61 applications.  3 of them lacked screen shots on
2556 <a href="http://screenshot.debian.net">screenshot.debian.net</a>.  If
2557 you know of some packages we should install by default, please let us
2558 know on <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">IRC, #debian-edu
2559 on irc.debian.org</a>, or our
2560 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">mailing list
2561 debian-edu@</a>.</p>
2562
2563       </div>
2564       <div class="tags">
2565
2566
2567         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2568
2569
2570       </div>
2571     </div>
2572     <div class="padding"></div>
2573
2574     <div class="entry">
2575       <div class="title">
2576         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Nirosan_Thiyagalingam.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Nirosan Thiyagalingam</a>
2577       </div>
2578       <div class="date">
2579         24th May 2013
2580       </div>
2581       <div class="body">
2582         <p>En ting
2583 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektet</a> har
2584 hatt mye glede av er studentprosjekter.  F.eks.  er
2585 <a href="http://linuxstopmotion.org/">stillbildeanimasjonssystemet
2586 Stopmotion</a> resultat av et studentprosjekt i Skolelinux.  De siste
2587 månedene har en ivrig student veiledet av Marius Kotsbak i
2588 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRiSK</a> testet hva en
2589 kan få til med en datamaskin til NOK 400,- (antagelig 1700,- med
2590 skjerm, tastatur og mus) når det brukes i Skolelinux.  Jeg spurte han
2591 om et intervju.</p>
2592
2593 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
2594
2595 <p>Jeg heter Nirosan Thiyagalingam. Jeg er 24 år og studerer
2596 dataingeniør studiet ved Høgskolen i Sør Trøndelag. Interessen for
2597 data har siden ung alder vært tilstede og jeg har i tillegg alltid
2598 vært glad i å lære nye ting. Med teknologi som endres svært hurtig er
2599 det alltid noe nytt å lære.  Noe som igjen har gjort det svært
2600 interessant å følge med på utviklingen.  Jeg valgte dataingeniør
2601 studiet grunnet ønske om å lære enda mer om programmering og utvikling
2602 av store systemer.</p>
2603
2604 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
2605
2606 <p>Skolelinux prosjektet hørte jeg først om i media. Men det var først
2607 når jeg skulle velge bacheloroppgave at jeg fattet mer interesse for
2608 prosjektet. Et enkelt søk på nettet førte meg til skolelinux sine
2609 hjemmesider.  Informasjonen jeg fant der gjorde meg enda nysgjerrig og
2610 jeg valgte derfor en oppgave som gikk ut på å få en
2611 <a href="http://www.raspberrypi.org">Raspberry PI</a>.  Altså en
2612 ultra-billig datamaskin til å kjøre Debian Edu på lik linje med
2613 vanlige datamaskiner. I løpet av prosjektet ble det gjort mye
2614 forskning på nettet. Det var mye jeg måtte forstå rundt hvordan
2615 operativsystemet Linux fungerte før jeg kunne angripe
2616 problemet. Prøvde først å finne ut hvordan man kunne transformere en
2617 vanlig installasjon av Skolelinux til Raspberry PI, men dette var
2618 altfor vanskelig å jeg endte opp med mer spørsmål enn svar. Det ble
2619 videre opprettet kontakt med Skolelinux utviklere på IRC der jeg fikk
2620 diskutert hvilken retning jeg burde gå for å få til en fullverdig
2621 løsning. Det ble bestemt at jeg skulle gå for å først installere
2622 <a href="http://www.raspbian.org/">Raspian</a>. Dette er et
2623 operativsystem basert på Debian spesiallaget for Raspberry Pi sin
2624 maskinvare. Nå som Debian var installert på datamaskinen gjenstod det
2625 å installere de nødvendige Skolelinux pakkene for å få til et
2626 fullverdig system. Disse pakkene ble installert manuelt i første
2627 omgang, men ble senere installert automatisk via et script som Petter
2628 Reinholdtsen laget. Dette scriptet er så enkel å bruke at man er i
2629 gang med installasjonen i løpet av bare 5 minutter. Ikke nok med det,
2630 alt skjer helt automatisk. Alt i alt er jeg veldig fornøyd med
2631 resultatet av installasjonsprosessen. Raspberry Pi er en veldig svak
2632 maskin og det merkes godt når man har installert Skolelinux på
2633 den. Video og 3D-rendering fungerer utrolig dårlig, men nettsurfing og
2634 kontorprogrammer fungerer godt.  Det kan derfor konkluderes med at
2635 datamaskinen er egnet for enkle oppgaver.
2636
2637 <p>Jeg syns det er viktig påpeke at dette kun er startfasen av en slik
2638 løsning. På markedet finnes det nå maskiner som har bedre hardware enn
2639 Raspberry Pi. Det er store muligheter for at man kan klare å
2640 installere Skolelinux på disse også, og da forsvinner nok mest
2641 sannsynlig ytelsesproblemene med Video og 3D rendering også.</p>
2642
2643 <p>Det ble også prøvd med en løsning som gjorde at Raspberry Pi
2644 fungerte som en tynnklient. Denne løsningen hadde langt bedre ytelse
2645 med tanke på hastighet og brukeropplevelse. Men også her var video og
2646 3D rendering dårlig. Det ble brukt en liten Linux distribusjon kalt
2647 <a href="http://www.berryterminal.com/">BerryTerminal</a> for å få til
2648 dette.</p>
2649
2650 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
2651
2652 <p>Fordelen med Skolelinux er mange. At det er gratis er en stor
2653 fordel, men at det er så mange som er med på å utvikle det og
2654 vedlikeholde det er en enda større fordel. Allerede før jeg startet
2655 med prosjektet så jeg mange fordeler, og når jeg nærmet meg sluttfasen
2656 så jeg langt flere. At prosjektet skulle inneha en så høy kvalitet
2657 hadde jeg aldri trodd. En vanlig Skolelinux installasjon har de
2658 nødvendige programmene og funksjonen som både små og store skoler i
2659 tillegg til organisasjoner kan klare seg med.  At prosjektet tilbyr en
2660 så komplett løsning er en kjempefordel.  Installasjonen er knirkefri
2661 og det er svært enkelt å installere og komme i gang.</p>
2662
2663 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
2664
2665 <p>Ulempene jeg ser med prosjektet er ryddigheten av websidene. Selv
2666 om websidene er enkle og konsise er det allikevel ikke appellerende i
2667 like stor grad som for eksempel
2668 <a href="http://www.ubuntu.com">Ubuntu</a> sine sider.  Deres side
2669 tilbyr, i tillegg til godt design og presentasjon, en nettbasert
2670 emulator av deres operativsystem. Dette er en stor fordel slik jeg ser
2671 det.  Bortsett fra dette ser jeg absolutt ingen ulemper med
2672 Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
2673
2674 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
2675
2676 <p>Til daglig er jeg en flittig bruker av det åpne media
2677 sentersystemet <a href="http://xbmc.org/">XBMC</a>. Det enorme
2678 samfunnet rundt dette prosjektet har gjort dette til et program som
2679 dekker alles behov. Man kan tilpasse det akkurat slik man vil både med
2680 tanke på utseende og funksjoner ved installere plug-ins eller
2681 scripts.</p>
2682
2683 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
2684 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
2685
2686 <p>Strategien som burde brukes sett fra mine øyne er
2687 markedsføring. Jeg er sikker på at om flere skoler fikk et lite innsyn
2688 i hvor bra Skolelinux er så ville de ikke nølt med å gå over fra noe
2689 annet som koster de store summer. At skolelinux til de grader tilbyr
2690 en så komplett løsning bure komme frem. Enten via reklamekampanjer
2691 eller ved å sende ut folk til skoler for så å la skolenettverk
2692 ansvarlige få teste ut hvordan Skolelinux fungerer i praksis. Om det
2693 i tillegg ble utviklet gode websider og en emulator for å la brukere
2694 prøve operativsystemet ville nok dette ha styrket inntrykket
2695 betraktelig.</p>
2696
2697       </div>
2698       <div class="tags">
2699
2700
2701         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
2702
2703
2704       </div>
2705     </div>
2706     <div class="padding"></div>
2707
2708     <div class="entry">
2709       <div class="title">
2710         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_transform_a_Debian_based_system_to_a_Debian_Edu_installation.html">How to transform a Debian based system to a Debian Edu installation</a>
2711       </div>
2712       <div class="date">
2713         17th May 2013
2714       </div>
2715       <div class="body">
2716         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> is
2717 an operating system based on Debian intended for use in schools.  It
2718 contain a turn-key solution for the computer network provided to
2719 pupils in the primary schools.  It provide both the central server,
2720 network boot servers and desktop environments with heaps of
2721 educational software.  The project was founded almost 12 years ago,
2722 2001-07-02.  If you want to support the project, which is in need for
2723 cash to fund developer gatherings and other project related activity,
2724 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/donations.html">please
2725 donate some money</a>.
2726
2727 <p>A topic that come up again and again on the Debian Edu mailing
2728 lists and elsewhere, is the question on how to transform a Debian or
2729 Ubuntu installation into a Debian Edu installation.  It isn't very
2730 hard, and last week I wrote a script to replicate the steps done by
2731 the Debian Edu installer.</p>
2732
2733 <p>The script,
2734 <a href="http://anonscm.debian.org/viewvc/debian-edu/branches/wheezy/debian-edu-config/share/debian-edu-config/tools/debian-edu-bless?view=markup">debian-edu-bless<a/>
2735 in the debian-edu-config package, will go through these six steps and
2736 transform an existing Debian Wheezy or Ubuntu (untested) installation
2737 into a Debian Edu Workstation:</p>
2738
2739 <ol>
2740
2741 <li>Add skolelinux related APT sources.</li>
2742 <li>Create /etc/debian-edu/config with the wanted configuration.</li>
2743 <li>Install debian-edu-install to load preseeding values and pull in
2744     our configuration.</li>
2745 <li>Preseed debconf database with profile setup in
2746     /etc/debian-edu/config, and run tasksel to install packages
2747     according to the profile specified in the config above,
2748     overriding some of the Debian automation machinery.</li>
2749 <li>Run debian-edu-cfengine-D installation to configure everything
2750     that could not be done using preseeding.</li>
2751 <li>Ask for a reboot to enable all the configuration changes.</li>
2752
2753 </ol>
2754
2755 <p>There are some steps in the Debian Edu installation that can not be
2756 replicated like this.  Disk partitioning and LVM setup, for example.
2757 So this script just assume there is enough disk space to install all
2758 the needed packages.</p>
2759
2760 <p>The script was created to help a Debian Edu student working on
2761 setting up <a href="http://www.raspberrypi.org">Raspberry Pi</a> as a
2762 Debian Edu client, and using it he can take the existing
2763 <a href="http://www.raspbian.org/FrontPage‎">Raspbian</a> installation and
2764 transform it into a fully functioning Debian Edu Workstation (or
2765 Roaming Workstation, or whatever :).</p>
2766
2767 <p>The default setting in the script is to create a KDE Workstation.
2768 If a LXDE based Roaming workstation is wanted instead, modify the
2769 PROFILE and DESKTOP values at the top to look like this instead:</p>
2770
2771 <p><pre>
2772 PROFILE="Roaming-Workstation"
2773 DESKTOP="lxde"
2774 </pre></p>
2775
2776 <p>The script could even become useful to set up Debian Edu servers in
2777 the cloud, by starting with a virtual Debian installation at some
2778 virtual hosting service and setting up all the services on first
2779 boot.</p>
2780
2781       </div>
2782       <div class="tags">
2783
2784
2785         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2786
2787
2788       </div>
2789     </div>
2790     <div class="padding"></div>
2791
2792     <div class="entry">
2793       <div class="title">
2794         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Second alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
2795       </div>
2796       <div class="date">
2797         14th May 2013
2798       </div>
2799       <div class="body">
2800         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
2801 project</a> is making great progress and made its second Wheezy based
2802 release today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
2803
2804 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.0.0 alpha1 released
2805 2013-05-14</strong></p>
2806
2807 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux 7.0.0 edu
2808 alpha1, based on <a href="http://www.debian.org">Debian</a> with
2809 codename "Wheezy".</p>
2810
2811 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
2812
2813 <p>Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux, is a Linux distribution based
2814 on Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
2815 configured school network. Immediatly after installation a school
2816 server running all services needed for a school network is set up just
2817 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
2818 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
2819 initial installation of the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all
2820 other machines can be installed via the network.</p>
2821
2822 <p>This is the first test release based on Wheezy (which currently is
2823 not released yet). Basically this is an updated and slightly improved
2824 version compared to the Squeeze release.</p>
2825
2826 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
2827 <ul>
2828   <li>Install freemind (0.9.0) by default, and stop installing vym by
2829     default.</li>
2830   <li>Install chromium (26.0.1410.43) by default.</li>
2831   <li>Install goplay (0.5-1.1) to make golearn available by default.</li>
2832   <li>Updated support for Japanese input methods, now based on
2833     ibus-anthy.</li>
2834 </ul>
2835
2836 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
2837 <ul>
2838
2839   <li>Switched default file system from ext3 to ext4 for speed and
2840     reliability improvements.</li>
2841   <li>Got rid of unwanted winbind daemon and PAM setup activated because
2842     of <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/706434">706434</a>.</li>
2843   <li>Extended and improved the testsuite tests to detect more possible
2844     problems.</li>
2845   <li>Corrected proxy handling to not set http_proxy to a bogus
2846     direct:// URL.</li>
2847   <li>Corrected proxy setup for diskless workstations.</li>
2848   <li>Corrected PXE setup to use our updated udebs during installation.</li>
2849   <li>Made installation handling of low entropy level more robust.</li>
2850   <li>Create larger partitions for Roaming workstations and Thin client
2851     servers, to make room for all the software installed.</li>
2852   <li>Fix bug in Roaming workstation PAM setup, making it impossible to
2853     log in (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/706753">706753</a>).</li>
2854 </ul>
2855
2856 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
2857 <ul>
2858
2859   <li>IP resolution for the local hostname give useless IPv6 address
2860     (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/705900">705900</a>).  Only install
2861     libnss-myhostname on roaming workstations until it is fixed.</li>
2862   <li>DVD images are not yet ready.</li>
2863   <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
2864     available yet (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/698840">698840</a>).</li>
2865   <li>Missing artwork for the KDE desktop (and probably a few others).</li>
2866   <li>KDE Debian submenu lacks icons.</li>
2867   <li>LXDE menu lacks entry for changing GOsa password
2868     (website). Installing gosa-desktop will be an option.</li>
2869   <li>Backup configuration via web interface is impossible due to
2870     password submission problem
2871     (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/700257">700257</a>).</li>
2872
2873 </ul>
2874
2875 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
2876
2877 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
2878 <ul>
2879
2880   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</a></li>
2881   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</a></li>
2882   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</li>
2883
2884 </ul>
2885
2886 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 685ed76c1aa8e44b12d3fde21faf450b</p>
2887
2888 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 6c874de157024da13e115bab29c068080a11ec4c</p>
2889
2890 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
2891
2892 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
2893
2894       </div>
2895       <div class="tags">
2896
2897
2898         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2899
2900
2901       </div>
2902     </div>
2903     <div class="padding"></div>
2904
2905     <div class="entry">
2906       <div class="title">
2907         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Narvik_sparer_minst_9_millioner_p____bruke_Skolelinux.html">Narvik sparer minst 9 millioner på å bruke Skolelinux</a>
2908       </div>
2909       <div class="date">
2910         10th May 2013
2911       </div>
2912       <div class="body">
2913         <p>I fjor sommer ble jeg
2914 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">gledelig
2915 overrasket</a> over et oppslag i avisen Fremover om Narvik kommunes
2916 bruk av <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>.  Oppslaget
2917 var basert på et notat som besvarte spørsmål fra ordfører Tor Nysæter
2918 og rådgiver for skolesektoren, Petter Falkbu, om bruken av Skolelinux
2919 i Narvikskolene og konstnaden ved å gå over til Windows.  For litt
2920 over en uke siden siden fikk jeg endelig bedt kommunen om å få innsyn
2921 i dette notatet, og det ble oversendt på epost tirsdag.  Jeg fikk
2922 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/pub/offentliginnsyn/from-Narvik-kommune/2013-04-29-09:12-skolelinux-notat/PetterFalkbuogwindowsfornarvikskolen%20(L)351310.pdf">lagt
2923 ut notatet</a> samme dag, og fikk i dag sjekket postlista til Narvik,
2924 der jeg fant notatet som
2925 <a href="https://www.narvik.kommune.no/innsyn.aspx?response=arkivsak_detaljer&arkivsakid=2013001023&scripturi=/innsyn.aspx&skin=infolink&Mid1=301&">sak
2926 2013/1023</a>.</p>
2927
2928 <p>Notatet forteller at Narvik ville måtte betalt minst 9 millioner
2929 for å gå over til Windows på skolene.  I tillegg dokumenterer notatet
2930 at læreplanens krav oppfylles uten problemer ved bruk av Skolelinux.
2931 Jeg anbefaler alle å lese de 10 sidene med gode argumenter for å kutte
2932 unødige utgifter på IT i skoleverket. :)</p>
2933
2934       </div>
2935       <div class="tags">
2936
2937
2938         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
2939
2940
2941       </div>
2942     </div>
2943     <div class="padding"></div>
2944
2945     <div class="entry">
2946       <div class="title">
2947         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Wheezy_is_out___and_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_should_soon_follow___newinwheezy.html">Debian Wheezy is out - and Debian Edu / Skolelinux should soon follow! #newinwheezy</a>
2948       </div>
2949       <div class="date">
2950          5th May 2013
2951       </div>
2952       <div class="body">
2953         <p>When I woke up this morning, I was very happy to see that the
2954 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2013/20130504">release announcement
2955 for Debian Wheezy</a> was waiting in my mail box.  This is a great
2956 Debian release, and I expect to move my machines at home over to it fairly
2957 soon.</p>
2958
2959 <p>The new debian release contain heaps of new stuff, and one program
2960 in particular make me very happy to see included.  The
2961 <a href="http://scratch.mit.edu/">Scratch</a> program, made famous by
2962 the <a href="http://www.code.org/">Teach kids code</a> movement, is
2963 included for the first time.  Alongside similar programs like
2964 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/kturtle/">kturtle</a> and
2965 <a href="http://wiki.sugarlabs.org/go/Activities/Turtle_Art">turtleart</a>,
2966 it allow for visual programming where syntax errors can not happen,
2967 and a friendly programming environment for learning to control the
2968 computer.  Scratch will also be included in the next release of Debian
2969 Edu.</a>
2970
2971 <p>And now that Wheezy is wrapped up, we can wrap up the next Debian
2972 Edu/Skolelinux release too.  The
2973 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/2013/04/msg00132.html">first
2974 alpha release</a> went out last week, and the next should soon
2975 follow.<p>
2976
2977       </div>
2978       <div class="tags">
2979
2980
2981         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2982
2983
2984       </div>
2985     </div>
2986     <div class="padding"></div>
2987
2988     <div class="entry">
2989       <div class="title">
2990         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">First alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
2991       </div>
2992       <div class="date">
2993         26th April 2013
2994       </div>
2995       <div class="body">
2996         <p>The Debian Edu / Skolelinux project is still going strong and made
2997 its first Wheezy based release today.  This is the release
2998 announcement:</p>
2999
3000 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu ~7.0.0 alpha0 released
3001 2013-04-26</strong></p>
3002
3003 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux ~7.0.0
3004 edu alpha0, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
3005
3006 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
3007
3008 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
3009 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
3010 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
3011 network. Immediatly after installation a school server running all
3012 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
3013 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
3014 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
3015 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
3016 installed via the network.</p>
3017
3018 <p>This is the first test release based on Wheezy (which currently is
3019 not released yet). Basically this is an updated and slightly improved
3020 version compared to the Squeeze release.</p>
3021
3022 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
3023
3024 <ul>
3025 <li>Everything which is new in Debian Wheezy, eg:
3026   <ul>
3027      <li>Linux kernel 3.2.x</li>
3028      <li>Desktop environments KDE "Plasma" 4.8.4, GNOME 3.4, and LXDE 4
3029          (KDE is installed by default; to choose GNOME or LXDE: see
3030          manual.)</li>
3031      <li>Web browser Iceweasel 10 ESR</li>
3032      <li>LibreOffice 3.5.4</li>
3033      <li>LTSP 5.4.2</li>
3034      <li>GOsa 2.7.4</li>
3035      <li>CUPS print system 1.5.3</li>
3036      <li>Educational toolbox GCompris 12.01</li>
3037      <li>Music creator Rosegarden 12.04</li>
3038      <li>Image editor Gimp 2.8.2</li>
3039      <li>Virtual universe Celestia 1.6.1</li>
3040      <li>Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.11.3</li>
3041      <li>Scratch visual programming environment 1.4.0.6</li>
3042      <li>New version of debian-installer from Debian Wheezy, see
3043          <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/installmanual">installation
3044          manual</a> for more details.</li>
3045      <li>Debian Wheezy includes about 37000 packages available for
3046          installation.</li>
3047      <li>More information about Debian Wheezy 7.0 is provided in the
3048          <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/releasenotes">release notes</a> and the <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/installmanual">installation manual</a>.</li>
3049   </ul></li>
3050 </ul>
3051
3052 <p><strong>Documentation</strong></p>
3053 <ul>
3054 <li>The (<a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy">English</a>) Debian Edu Wheezy Manual is fully translated to
3055     German, French, Italian and Danish. Partly translated versions exist
3056     for Norwegian Bokmal and Spanish.</li>
3057 </ul>
3058
3059 <p><Strong>LDAP related changes</strong></p>
3060 <ul>
3061 <li>Slight changes to some objects and acls to have more types to
3062     choose from when adding systems in GOsa. Now systems can be of type
3063     server, workstation, printer, terminal or netdevice.</li>
3064 </ul>
3065
3066 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
3067 <ul>
3068 <li>LTSP clients start as diskless workstation / thin client can be
3069     configured via command line argument -- or individually adding an
3070     entry in lts.conf or LDAP.<li>
3071 <li>GOsa gui: Now some options that seemed to be available, but are non
3072     functional, are greyed out (or are not clickable). Some tabs are
3073     completely hidden to the end user, others even to the GOsa admin.</li>
3074 </ul>
3075
3076 <p><strong>Regressions</strong></p>
3077 <ul>
3078 <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv) available
3079     yet.</li>
3080 </ul>
3081
3082 <p><strong>No updated artwork</strong></p>
3083
3084 <ul>
3085 <li>Updated artwork which is visible during installation, in the login
3086     screen and as desktop wallpaper is still missing or the same as we
3087     had for our Squeeze based release.</li>
3088 </ul>
3089
3090 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
3091
3092 To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use
3093 <ul>
3094 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</a></li>
3095 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</a></li>
3096 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</li>
3097 </ul>
3098
3099 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: c5e773ddafdaa4f48c409c682f598b6c</p>
3100
3101 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 25934fabb9b7d20235499a0a51f08ce6c54215f2</p>
3102
3103 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
3104
3105 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
3106
3107       </div>
3108       <div class="tags">
3109
3110
3111         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3112
3113
3114       </div>
3115     </div>
3116     <div class="padding"></div>
3117
3118     <div class="entry">
3119       <div class="title">
3120         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_developer_gathering_in_2013_take_place_in_Trondheim.html">First Debian Edu / Skolelinux developer gathering in 2013 take place in Trondheim</a>
3121       </div>
3122       <div class="date">
3123         16th April 2013
3124       </div>
3125       <div class="body">
3126         <p>This years first <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux /
3127 Debian Edu</a> developer gathering take place the coming weekend in Trondheim.
3128 Details about the gathering can be found
3129 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering/2013-04-19-21-Trondheim">on
3130 the FRiSK wiki</a>.  The dates are 19-21th of April 2013, and online
3131 participation for those unable to make it in person is very welcome,
3132 and I plan to participate online myself as I could not leave Oslo this
3133 weekend.</p>
3134
3135 <p>The focus of the gathering is to work on the web pages and project
3136 infrastructure, and to continue the work on the Wheezy based Debian
3137 Edu release.</p>
3138
3139 <p>See you on <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">IRC, #debian-edu on irc.debian.org,</a> then?</p>
3140
3141       </div>
3142       <div class="tags">
3143
3144
3145         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3146
3147
3148       </div>
3149     </div>
3150     <div class="padding"></div>
3151
3152     <div class="entry">
3153       <div class="title">
3154         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_6_got_a_video_review_from_Pcwizz.html">Skolelinux 6 got a video review from Pcwizz</a>
3155       </div>
3156       <div class="date">
3157         17th March 2013
3158       </div>
3159       <div class="body">
3160         <p>Via
3161 <a href="https://twitter.com/pcwizz/status/313044373262716930">twitter</a>
3162 I just discovered that <a href="http://pcwizz.net/">Pcwizz</a> have
3163 done a <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wPzTZ61Pcuc">video
3164 review</a> on Youtube of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux
3165 / Debian Edu</a> version 6.  He installed the standalone profile and
3166 the video show a walk-through of of the menu content, demonstration of
3167 a few programs and his view of our distribution.</p>
3168
3169 <p>There is also some really nice quotes (transcribed by me, might
3170 have heard wrong).  While looking thought the Graphics menu:</p>
3171
3172 <blockquote>
3173 "Basically everything you ever need in a school environment."
3174 </blockquote>
3175
3176 <p>And as a general evaluation of the entire distribution:</p>
3177
3178 <blockquote>
3179 "So, yeah, a bit bloated.  It kept all the Debian stuff in there, just
3180 to keep it nice and GNU.  So, I do not want to go on about it, but
3181 lets give it 7 out of 10.  I am not going to use it.  That is because
3182 I am not deploying a school network.  There may be some mythical
3183 feature to help you deploy Skolelinux on a school network."
3184 </blockquote>
3185
3186 <p>To bad he did not test the server profile, and discovered the PXE
3187 installation option.  It make it possible to install only the main
3188 server from CD, and the rest of the machines via the net, and might be
3189 considered the mythical feature he talk about. :)</p>
3190
3191 <p>While looking through the menus, there is also this funny comment
3192 about the part of the K menu generated from the Debian menu subsystem:
3193
3194 <blockquote>
3195 "[The K menu] have a special Debian section for software that no-one
3196 is going to look at, because it contain lots of junky stuff that you
3197 actually don't need in the education distribution, but have just been
3198 included because it isn't stripped out for some reason."
3199 </blockquote>
3200
3201 <p>I guess it is yet another argument for merging the Debian menu and
3202 Gnome/KDE desktop menu entries into
3203 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/Proposals/DebianMenuUsingDesktopEntries">one
3204 consistent menu system</a> instead of two incomplete and partly
3205 inconsistent menu systems.</p>
3206
3207 <p>The entire video is available below for those accepting iframe
3208 embedding:</p>
3209
3210 <iframe width="560" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/wPzTZ61Pcuc" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
3211
3212       </div>
3213       <div class="tags">
3214
3215
3216         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
3217
3218
3219       </div>
3220     </div>
3221     <div class="padding"></div>
3222
3223     <div class="entry">
3224       <div class="title">
3225         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_Squeeze_update_released.html">First Skolelinux / Debian Edu Squeeze update released</a>
3226       </div>
3227       <div class="date">
3228          8th March 2013
3229       </div>
3230       <div class="body">
3231         <p>Last Sunday, 2013-03-03,, Holger Levsen announced the first update
3232 of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
3233 based on Debian Squeeze.  This is the first update since
3234 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">the
3235 initial release 2012-03-11</a>.  This is the
3236 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2013/03/msg00000.html">release
3237 announcement email from Holger</a>:</p>
3238
3239 <blockquote><p>Hi,</p>
3240
3241 <p>it's my pleasure to announce the immediate availability of Debian
3242 Edu 6.0.7+r1 ("Debian Edu Squeeze").</p>
3243
3244 <p>Debian Edu 6.0.7+r1 is an incremental update to Debian Edu
3245 6.0.4+r0, containing all the changes between Debian 6.0.4 and 6.0.7 as
3246 well Debian Edu specific bugfixes and enhancements. See below (in this
3247 mail) for the full list of (edu) changes.  Please see
3248 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311">http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311</a>
3249 for more information on "Debian Edu Squeeze".</p>
3250
3251 <p>Images are available for download at
3252 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/</a></p>
3253
3254 <p>md5sums:
3255 <br>1fe79eb4f0f9ae1c58fc318e26cc1e2e  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-CD.iso
3256 <br>a6ddd924a8bd9a1b5ca122e8fe1c34ec  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-DVD.iso
3257 <br>ac6c72cd7925ccec51bfbf58e2a7c69c  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-source-DVD.iso</p>
3258
3259 <p>sha1sums:
3260 <br>a4b58233b672a99c7df8dc24fb6de3327654a5c3  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-CD.iso
3261 <br>9b524915e0ff2aa793f13d93123e5bd2bab2dbaa  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-DVD.iso
3262 <br>43997614893fc5e9e59ad6ce066b05d07fd836fa  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-source-DVD.iso</p>
3263
3264 <p>These images are suitable for amd64+i386.</p>
3265
3266 <p>Changes for Debian Edu 6.0.7+r1 Codename "Squeeze", released
3267 2013-03-03:</p>
3268
3269 <ul>
3270   <li>sitesummary was updated from 0.1.3 to 0.1.8
3271   <ul>
3272         <li>Make Nagios configuration more robust and efficient</li>
3273         <li>Comply with 3.X kernel</li>
3274   </ul></li>
3275   <li>debian-edu-doc from 1.4~20120310~6.0.4+r0 to 1.4~20130228~6.0.7+r1
3276   <ul>
3277         <li>Minor updates from the wiki</li>
3278         <li>Danish translation now complete</li>
3279   </ul></li>
3280   <li>debian-edu-config from 1.453 to 1.455
3281      <ul>
3282         <li>Fix /etc/hosts for LTSP diskless workstations. Closes: #699880</li>
3283         <li>Make ltsp_local_mount script work for multiple devices.</li>
3284         <li>Correct Kerberos user policy: don't expire password after 2 days.
3285                 Closes: #664596</li>
3286         <li>Handle '#' characters in the root or first users password.
3287                 Closes: #664976</li>
3288         <li>Fixes for gosa-sync:
3289            <ul>
3290                 <li>Don't fail if password contains "</li>
3291                 <li>Don't disclose new password string in syslog</li>
3292            </ul></li>
3293         <li>Fixes for gosa-create:
3294            <ul>
3295                 <li>Invalidate libnss cache before applying changes</li>
3296                 <li>Multiple failures during mass user import into GOsa²</li>
3297                 <li>gosa-netgroups plugin: don't erase entries of attribute type
3298                          "memberNisNetgroup". Closes: #687256</li>
3299                 <li>First user now uses the same Kerberos policy as all other users</li>
3300            </ul></li>
3301         <li>Add Danish web page</li>
3302     </ul>
3303   <li>debian-edu-install from 1.528 to 1.530
3304     <ul>
3305         <li>Improve preseeding support and documentation</li>
3306     </ul></li>
3307 </ul>
3308
3309 <p>End-user documentation in English is available at
3310 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/</a>
3311 - translations to French, Italian, Danish and German are available in
3312 the debian-edu-doc package. (Other languages could use your help!)</p>
3313
3314 <p>If you want to contribute to Debian Edu, please join our
3315 mailinglist
3316 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@lists.debian.org</a>!
3317 </p></blockquote>
3318
3319 <p>I am very happy to see the fruits of a year of hard work. :)</p>
3320
3321       </div>
3322       <div class="tags">
3323
3324
3325         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3326
3327
3328       </div>
3329     </div>
3330     <div class="padding"></div>
3331
3332     <div class="entry">
3333       <div class="title">
3334         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Helge_Tore_H_yland.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Helge Tore Høyland</a>
3335       </div>
3336       <div class="date">
3337         22nd February 2013
3338       </div>
3339       <div class="body">
3340         <p>Etter en lang pause og travle uker har jeg endelig klart å få
3341 samlet et nytt intervju med en av folkene i
3342 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet.
3343 Denne gang er det Helge Tore Høyland, en mangeårig bidragsyter på
3344 epostlistene og ellers i prosjektet.</p>
3345
3346 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
3347
3348 <p>Eg er IT-konsulent/teknikker hjå eit firma i Steinkjer med navn
3349 <a href="http://unoit.no/">Uno IT</a>.  Uno IT er eit lite firma som
3350 drifter nettverk og maskiner for små og mellomstore firma
3351 Steinkjer-området. Per dags dato er me 2 ansatte. Min faglege bakgrunn
3352 er Fagbrev som it-teknikker, samt nokre fag innen nettverk- og
3353 server-drift frå HiST og NTNU. Dagleg arbeid består i oppsett av nye
3354 maskiner og hjelp til sluttbrukere, samt oppsett og vedlikehold av eit
3355 vidt spekter av fagsystemer ute hjå kunder. Erfaring med Skolelinux
3356 har eg hatt i forbindelse med drifting av
3357 <a href="http://www.bjorkly.no/">Bjørkly skule</a>, ein privat
3358 grunnskule i Namsos-området.  I dag har skulen 65 elever, 15 lærere, 1
3359 hovedserver og ca 60 klienter som kjører halvtjukt.  Eg har bygd og
3360 driftet systemet sidan summaren 2006.</p>
3361
3362 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
3363
3364 <p>Eg kom i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet via ein artikkel i eit
3365 fagblad, som eg ikkje lenger hugsar namnet på.  I og med at eg allereie
3366 hadde pusla med nettverk for ein annan skule, fatta eg straks
3367 interesse for prosjektet.</p>
3368
3369 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
3370
3371 <p>Fordelane med Skolelinux er sentralisert administrasjon og svært
3372 mange gode verktøy «ut av boksen». Veldig kjekt å kunne drifte 60
3373 klientar med berre å «bry» seg med ein server. Levetid for systemets
3374 hardware er og ein veldig fin effekt. I tillegg kjem fordelar som økt
3375 sikkerhet og mindre lisenskostnader. Etter min erfaring er det og
3376 mykje mindre driftskostnader med eit slikt system enn konkurrerande
3377 system, pga enkelhet med sentralisert administrasjon. På grunn av at
3378 Skolelinux er basert på Debian er det òg svært stabilt.</p>
3379
3380 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
3381
3382 <p>Ulemper er mangel på vilje til å følge standarer ute i markedet,
3383 som fører til mangel på støtte til nokre mykje brukte ting. Flash og
3384 Java er typiske eksempel. Sidan Debian satsar på stabilitet framfor å
3385 ha nyeste pakke av eit program, kan ein i nokre tilfeller kome borti
3386 at program vert «for gamle». Det er spesielt nettlesaren som er
3387 utsett. Mangel på vilje til å utvikle pedagogisk programvare, i Noreg,
3388 for «alle» platformer fører òg til noko hovudbry.</p>
3389
3390 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
3391
3392 <p>Til dagleg bruker eg svært mange forskjellige «fri programvare»
3393 program.  Firefox, Thunderbird, Freecommander, ImgBurn, Clonezilla,
3394 OCS inventory, Icinga, Skolelinux, SystemRescueCD og mykje meir.</p>
3395
3396 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
3397 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
3398
3399 <p>Strategisk må ein fokusere på at sluttbruker eigentleg ikkje er så
3400 fokusert på at det er fri programvare men at det skal «berre fungere».
3401 Gjer det enkelt å bruker og ikkje minst å administrere. For Skolelinux
3402 sin del må ein få eit betre fokus på overganger. Utbytting av servere
3403 må gå meir automatisk, import og eksport av brukerbase og maskinbase
3404 med meir må kunne gå enkelt og oppgradering til neste versjon må bli
3405 mykje meir automatisk og gjennomtesta. Ein må unngå at ein må sette
3406 opp frå start når ein byter ut ein server eller oppgraderer til neste
3407 versjon. For å få Skolelinux til å bli eit betre alternativ for skular
3408 må ein ha fokus på nettlesaren. Denne må bli «up to date» og støtte
3409 dei protokollar og tillegg som vert brukt av forlag med meir.  Etter
3410 kvart som meir og meir blir flytta ut i «skya» vert dette viktigare og
3411 viktigare. Ein kunne ynskje og jobbe for at forlag med fleire tar i
3412 bruk opne standarer, men inntil det skjer, må systemet kunne brukast
3413 mot desse fagsystema.</p>
3414
3415 <p>For meg har prosjektet med Skolelinux vore ein svært artig og
3416 lærerik prosess. Miljøet rundt er ikkje enormt stort, dog stort nok,
3417 men det er svært hjelpevillig og engasjert.</p>
3418
3419       </div>
3420       <div class="tags">
3421
3422
3423         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
3424
3425
3426       </div>
3427     </div>
3428     <div class="padding"></div>
3429
3430     <div class="entry">
3431       <div class="title">
3432         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_Christmas_present_for_Skolelinux___Debian_Edu.html">A Christmas present for Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
3433       </div>
3434       <div class="date">
3435         28th December 2012
3436       </div>
3437       <div class="body">
3438         <p>I was happy to discover a few days ago that the
3439 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
3440 project also this year received a Christmas present from Another
3441 Agency in Trondheim.  NOK 1000,- showed up on our donation account
3442 December 24th.  I want to express our thanks for this very welcome
3443 present.  As the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project is very short on
3444 funding these days, and thus lack the money to do regular developer
3445 gatherings, this donation was most welcome.  One developer gathering
3446 cost around NOK 15&nbsp;000,-, so we need quite a lot more to keep the
3447 development pace we want.  Thus, I hope their example this year is
3448 followed by many others. :)</p>
3449
3450 <p>The public list of donors can be found on
3451 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/donations.html">the
3452 donation page</a> for the project, which also contain instructions if
3453 you want to donate to the project.</p>
3454
3455       </div>
3456       <div class="tags">
3457
3458
3459         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3460
3461
3462       </div>
3463     </div>
3464     <div class="padding"></div>
3465
3466     <div class="entry">
3467       <div class="title">
3468         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ledger___double_entry_accounting_using_text_based_storage_format.html">Ledger - double-entry accounting using text based storage format</a>
3469       </div>
3470       <div class="date">
3471         18th December 2012
3472       </div>
3473       <div class="body">
3474         <p>A few days ago I came across
3475 <a href="http://joeyh.name/blog/entry/hledger/">a blog post from Joey
3476 Hess</a> describing <a href="http://ledger-cli.org/">ledger</a> and
3477 hledger, a text based system for double-entry accounting.  I found it
3478 interesting, as I am involved with several organizations where
3479 accounting is an issue, and I have not really become too friendly with
3480 the different web based systems we use.  I find it hard to find what I
3481 look for in the menus and even harder try to get sensible data out of
3482 the systems.  Ledger seem different.  The accounting data is kept in
3483 text files that can be stored in a version control system, and there
3484
3485 are at least <a href="https://github.com/ledger/ledger/wiki/Ports">five
3486 different implementations</a> able to read the format.  An example
3487 entry look like this, and is simple enough that it will be trivial to
3488 generate entries based on CVS files fetched from the bank:</p>
3489
3490 <blockquote><pre>
3491 2004-05-27 Book Store
3492       Expenses:Books                 $20.00
3493       Liabilities:Visa
3494 </pre></blockquote>
3495
3496 <p>The concept seemed interesting enough for me to check it out and
3497 look for others using it.  I found blog posts from
3498 <a href="http://blog.spang.cc/posts/hledger_rocks_my_world/">Christine
3499 Spang</a>,
3500 <a href="http://bugsplat.info/2010-05-23-keeping-finances-with-ledger.html">Pete
3501 Keen</a>,
3502 <a href="http://blog.andrewcantino.com/blog/2010/11/06/command-line-accounting-with-ledger-and-reckon/">Andrew
3503 Cantino</a> and
3504 <a href="http://blog.iphoting.com/blog/2012/11/29/command-line-double-entry-accounting/">Ronald
3505 Ip</a> describing how they use it, as well as a post from
3506 <a href="https://groups.google.com/forum/?fromgroups=#!topic/ledger-cli/r0oWjwbQ9Bo">Bradley
3507 M. Kuhn</a> at the Software Freedom Conservancy.  All seemed like good
3508 recommendations fitting my need.</p>
3509
3510 <p>The <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/l/ledger.html">ledger</a>
3511 package is available in Debian Squeeze, while the
3512 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/h/haskell-hledger.html">hledger</a>
3513 package only is available in Debian Sid.  As I use Squeeze, ledger
3514 seemed the best choice to get started.</p>
3515
3516 <p>To get some real data to test on, I wrote a
3517 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/tools/lodo2ledger">web scraper</a> for
3518 <a href="http://www.lodo.no/">LODO</a>, the accounting system used by
3519 the <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">NUUG</a> association, and started to
3520 play with the data set.  I'm not really deeply into accounting, but I
3521 am able to get a simple balance and accounting status for example
3522 using the "<tt>ledger balance</tt>" command.  But I will have to
3523 gather more experience before I know if the ledger way is a good fit
3524 for the organisations I am involved in.</p>
3525
3526       </div>
3527       <div class="tags">
3528
3529
3530         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
3531
3532
3533       </div>
3534     </div>
3535     <div class="padding"></div>
3536
3537     <div class="entry">
3538       <div class="title">
3539         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Angela_Fu_.html">Debian Edu interview: Angela Fuß</a>
3540       </div>
3541       <div class="date">
3542         14th November 2012
3543       </div>
3544       <div class="body">
3545         <p>Here is another interview with one of the people in the <a
3546 href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
3547 community.  I am running short on people willing to be interviewed, so
3548 if you know about someone I should interview, Please send me an email.
3549 After asking for many months, I finally managed to lure another one of
3550 the people behind the German
3551 "<a href="http://wiki.it-zukunft-schule.de/">IT-Zukunft Schule</a>"
3552 project out from maternity leave to conduct an interview.  Give a warm
3553 welcome to Angela Fuß. :)</p>
3554
3555 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
3556
3557 <p>I am a 39-year-old woman living in the very north of Germany near
3558 Denmark. I live in a patchwork family with "my man" Mike Gabriel, my
3559 two daughters, Mikes daughter and Mikes and my rather newborn son.
3560
3561 <p>At the moment - because of our little baby - I am spending most of
3562 the day by being a caring and organising mom for all the kids.
3563 Besides that I am really involved into and occupied with several inner
3564 growth processes: New born souls always bring the whole familiar
3565 system into movement and that needs time and focus ;-).  We are also
3566 in the middle of buying a house and moving to it.</p>
3567
3568 <p>In 2013 I will work again in my job in a German foundation for
3569 nature conservation. I am doing public relation work there.  Besides
3570 that - and that is the connection to Skolelinux / Debian Edu - I am
3571 working in our own school project "IT-Zukunft Schule" in North
3572 Germany. I am responsible for the quality assurance, the customer
3573 relationship management and the communication processes in the
3574 project.</p>
3575
3576 <p>Since 2001 I constantly have been training myself in communication
3577 and leadership. Besides that I am a forester, a landscaping gardener
3578 and a yoga teacher.</p>
3579
3580 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
3581 project?</strong></p>
3582
3583 <p>I fell in love with Mike ;-).</p>
3584
3585 <p>Very soon after getting to know him I was completely enrolled into
3586 Free Software.  At this time Mike did IT-services for one newly
3587 founded school in Kiel. Other schools in Kiel needed concepts for
3588 their IT environment.  Often when Mike came home from working at the
3589 newly founded school I found myself listening to his complaints about
3590 several points where the communication with the schools head or the
3591 teachers did not work.  So we were clear that he would not work for
3592 one more school if we did not set up a structure for communication
3593 between him, the schools head, the teachers, the students and the
3594 parents.</p>
3595
3596 <p>Together with our friend and hardware supplier Andreas Buchholz we
3597 started to get an overview of free software solutions suitable for
3598 schools. One day before Christmas 2010 Mike and I had a date with Kurt
3599 Gramlich in Gütersloh. As Kurt and I are really interested in building
3600 networks of people and in being in communication we dived into
3601 Skolelinux and brought it to the first grammar schools in Northern
3602 Germany.</p>
3603
3604 <p>For information about our school project you can read
3605 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Mike_Gabriel.html">the
3606 interview with Mike Gabriel</a>.</p>
3607
3608 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
3609 Edu?</strong></p>
3610
3611 <p>First I have to say: I cannot answer this question technically. My
3612 answer comes rather from a social point of view.</p>
3613
3614 <p>The biggest advantage of Skolelinux / Debian Edu I see is the large
3615 and strong international community of Debian Developers in the
3616 background which is very alive and connected over mailinglists, blogs
3617 and meetings. My constant feeling for the Debian Community is: If
3618 something does not work they will somehow fix it. All is well
3619 ;-). This is of course a user experience.  What I also get as a big
3620 advantage of Skolelinux / Debian Edu is that everybody who uses it and
3621 works with it can also contribute to it - that includes students,
3622 teachers, parents...</p>
3623
3624 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
3625 Edu?</strong></p>
3626
3627 <p>I will answer this question relating to the internal structure of
3628 Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
3629
3630 <p>What I see as a major disadvantage is that there is a gap between
3631 the group of developers for Debian Edu and the people who make the
3632 marketing, that means the people that bring Skolelinux to the
3633 schools. There is a lack of communication between these two groups and
3634 I think that does not really work for Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
3635
3636 <p>Further I appreciate that Skolelinux / Debian Edu is known as a
3637 do-ocracy. Nevertheless I keep asking myself if at some points a
3638 democracy or some kind of hierarchical project structure would be good
3639 and helpful.  I am also missing some kind of contact between the
3640 Skolelinux / Debian Edu communities in Europe or on an international
3641 level. I think it would be good if there was more sharing between the
3642 different countries using Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
3643
3644 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
3645
3646 <p>On my laptop I am still using an Ubuntu 10.04 with a Gnome Desktop
3647 on.  As applications I use Openoffice.org, Gedit, Firefox, Pidgin,
3648 LaTeX and GnuCash. For mails I am using Horde. And I am really fond of
3649 my N900 running with Maemo.</p>
3650
3651 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
3652 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
3653
3654 <p>I am really convinced that in our school project "IT-Zukunft
3655 Schule" we have developed (and keep developing) a great way to get
3656 schools to use Free Software. We have written a detailed concept for
3657 that so I cannot explain the whole thing here. But in a nutshell the
3658 strategy has three crucial pillars:</p>
3659
3660 <ul>
3661
3662 <li>We really take time to get what sort of stories, questions and
3663 concerns the schools head and the teachers have about using different
3664 kinds of IT and we take time to enrol them into Free Software.</li>
3665
3666 <li>Our solution for schools is never just technical. In the centre
3667 are always the people who are going to use the software. From the very
3668 beginning of the planning for a school, we tell the schools head that
3669 they are paying us not only for a technical solution for their school,
3670 they also pay us for leading all the communication processes
3671 needed. If they do not want that, we are not working with them because
3672 we cannot give a guarantee for the quality of our work then.</li>
3673
3674 <li>Another focus lies in the training of teachers and students in
3675 co-administrating the IT-System at their school. They start getting in
3676 contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu community and they get the
3677 offer to become more and more independent from us.</li>
3678
3679 </ul>
3680
3681       </div>
3682       <div class="tags">
3683
3684
3685         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
3686
3687
3688       </div>
3689     </div>
3690     <div class="padding"></div>
3691
3692     <div class="entry">
3693       <div class="title">
3694         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_noe_for_Ballangen___Leserinnlegg_til_avisen_Fremover_.html">Skolelinux noe for Ballangen? (Leserinnlegg til avisen Fremover)</a>
3695       </div>
3696       <div class="date">
3697         14th October 2012
3698       </div>
3699       <div class="body">
3700         <p>Tirsdag 2012-10-09 sendte jeg følgende leserinnlegg til avisen
3701 <a href="http://www.fremover.no/">Fremover</a>, etter å ha vært nordpå
3702 noen dager og lest noen gamle aviser.  Publiserer den her i sin helhet
3703 for fremtidig referanse.  Fremover publiserer dessverre ikke
3704 leserinnlegg på nett.</p>
3705
3706 <blockquote>
3707 <p>To: redaksjon (at) fremover.no
3708 <br>Subject: Leserinnlegg til Fremover: Skolelinux noe for Ballangen?</p>
3709
3710 <p>Ærede redaktør</p>
3711
3712 <p>I sommer (2012-07-23) hadde Fremover et oppslag om at Narvik
3713 kommune hadde spart mellom 10 og 20 millioner kroner de siste årene på
3714 å bruke Skolelinux på sine skoler.  Harstad har også tatt i bruk
3715 Skolelinux på alle sine skoler.  Som tidligere Ballangsværing gledet
3716 det meg stort å se at skoleløsningen vi har utviklet siden 2001 tas i
3717 bruk i området der jeg vokste opp, og dermed bidrar til en bedre og
3718 billigere skolehverdag.</p>
3719
3720 <p>Skolelinux er en komplett IT-løsning for elevnettverket på en
3721 skole, med både nettverkstjenester og løsning for elevmaskiner med
3722 pedagogisk programvare, som tillater en å øke levetiden på en
3723 datamaskin i skolen med mange år.  En undersøkelse publisert i mars
3724 2012 viste at de 56 norske skolene som har offentliggjort at de bruker
3725 Skolelinux eller annen Linuxutgave hadde 36% større PC-tetthet enn
3726 landsgjennomsnittet, når en ser på tall rapportert til Grunnskolens
3727 Informasjonssystem.  I følge Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken, IKT-konsulent i
3728 Nord-Odal, fungerer datamaskiner godt til de er 8 til 10 år gamle.</p>
3729
3730 <p>I høst (2012-09-29) fortalte Fremover hvordan Ballangen kommune har
3731 opparbeidet seg 20 millioner i underskudd og nok havner på Robek-lista
3732 fra nyttår.  Kanskje Ballangen også burde ta i bruk Skolelinux for å
3733 spare penger?  Hvis kommunen mangler kompetanse lokalt på Linux finnes
3734 det kommersielle selskaper som tilbyr driftstjenester rundt
3735 Skolelinux, og jeg bør vel avsløre at jeg selv er involvert i et av
3736 dem, Skolelinux Drift AS.  Kommunen kan dermed få hjelp hvis de ikke
3737 ønsker å bygge opp egen kompetanse.</p>
3738
3739 <p>Vennlig hilsen
3740 <br>Petter Reinholdtsen
3741 <br>Fri programvareutvikler</p>
3742
3743 <p>Referanser:</p>
3744
3745 <ul>
3746
3747 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html</a></li>
3748 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html</a></li>
3749
3750 </ul>
3751
3752 </blockquote>
3753
3754 <p>Innlegget ble så vidt jeg vet trykket i papirutgaven et par dager
3755 senere, men jeg har ikke sett det selv.</p>
3756
3757       </div>
3758       <div class="tags">
3759
3760
3761         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
3762
3763
3764       </div>
3765     </div>
3766     <div class="padding"></div>
3767
3768     <div class="entry">
3769       <div class="title">
3770         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Trengs_flere_frivillige_til_korrektur_av_den_frie_norske_stavekontrollen.html">Trengs flere frivillige til korrektur av den frie norske stavekontrollen</a>
3771       </div>
3772       <div class="date">
3773         13th October 2012
3774       </div>
3775       <div class="body">
3776         <p><a href="http://no.speling.org/">Den frie norske stavekontrollen</a>
3777 består av ca. 1,3 millioner bokmåls- og nynorskord.  Det er mange
3778 kilder til ordene, f.eks. den norske ordbanken, norske nett-aviser,
3779 stavekontrollbrukere og korrekturlesere, og endel feil har sneket seg
3780 inn i databasen over ord.  For å finne og fikse feilene trengs det
3781 korrekturlesing.  Her kommer frivillige inn.</p>
3782
3783 <p>Hvis du vil bidra med korrektur av orddatabasen, kan du melde deg
3784 frivillig som bokmåls- eller nynorskkorrekturleser og få tilsendt en
3785 liten bunke ord på epost hver dag, lese over og sende inn på epost
3786 tilbake til korrekturlesing-systemet.  Jo flere som sjekker, jo
3787 raskere kommer vi igjennom hele databasen.  Så langt har vi oppdaget
3788 341 bokmålsord og 50 nynorskord som ikke skal vært med i databasen.
3789 Det er nok noen flere.  I tillegg har korrekturleserne oppdaget flere
3790 ord som manglet, og fått lagt dem inn i stavekontrollen.</p>
3791
3792 <p>Hvis du vil bidra, følg instruksene på
3793 <a href="http://no.speling.org/dokumentasjon.html">prosjektsidene</a>
3794
3795 for nye bidragsytere, og ta kontakt med Håvard eller epostlisten
3796 <a href="https://lister.ping.uio.no/mailman/listinfo/i18n-no">i18n-no</a>.
3797 Gode norskkunnskaper er en fordel, og vilje til å sjekke
3798 <a href="http://www.nob-ordbok.uio.no/perl/ordbok.cgi">ordboka</a> et
3799 krav!</p>
3800
3801       </div>
3802       <div class="tags">
3803
3804
3805         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
3806
3807
3808       </div>
3809     </div>
3810     <div class="padding"></div>
3811
3812     <div class="entry">
3813       <div class="title">
3814         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ny_utgave__v2_1__av_den_frie_norske_stavekontrollen_gitt_ut.html">Ny utgave (v2.1) av den frie norske stavekontrollen gitt ut</a>
3815       </div>
3816       <div class="date">
3817          2nd October 2012
3818       </div>
3819       <div class="body">
3820         <p>I helga fikk jeg endelig pakket sammen en ny versjon av den norske
3821 stavekontrollen, og gikk ut versjon 2.1 etter at det var gått fire og
3822 et halvt år siden sist.  I dag fikk vi sendt ut annonseringen.  Her er
3823 det vi sendte ut:</p>
3824
3825 <p>Oslo, 2012-10-02</p>
3826
3827 <p><strong>Pressemelding: Ny utgave av norsk stavekontroll med
3828 synonymordliste</strong></p>
3829
3830 <p>Mer enn fire år etter at forrige utgave av den frie norske
3831 stavekontrollen ble utgitt, er en ny og forbedret versjon klar. Dette er
3832 noe utviklerne er veldig glade for.</p>
3833
3834 <p>Den største endringen er at byggesystemet for stavekontrollen er
3835 skrevet om til å akseptere ord med bindestrek (f.eks. «e-post»). Litt
3836 over 10.000 slike ordformer er lagt til i orddatabasen. I tillegg er
3837 det kommet en del nye ord og rettelser rapportert inn av de frivillige
3838 som gjennomfører korrektur av orddatabasen i prosjektet. For å få
3839 fortgang i dette korrekturarbeidet er det fint med flere frivillige
3840 som kan bidra i prosjektet.</p>
3841
3842 <p><blockquote>
3843  - En god og fritt tilgjengelig stavekontroll er en viktig byggestein
3844    for å fremme bruken av korrekt norsk språk, sier prosjektdeltager
3845    Petter Reinholdtsen.
3846 </blockquote></p>
3847
3848 <p>Takket være samarbeidet med synonymordlisteprosjektet er
3849 synonymordlista for bokmål tilgjengelig sammen med ordlista for bokmål
3850 og nynorsk. En synonymordliste for nynorsk er også med, men den er på
3851 prøvestadiet og meget liten.</p>
3852
3853 <p>Stavekontrollpakken og synonymordlistene brukes i
3854 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org, Koffice, Mozilla Thunderbird, Firefox og
3855 en rekke andre programmer, og på både Windows, Mac OS X, Linux og
3856 BSD.</p>
3857
3858 <p>Det hele utgis under den frie lisensen GPL og kan fritt lastes ned
3859 fra prosjektsidene på
3860 <a href="http://no.speling.org">no.speling.org</a>. Ferdige pakker for
3861 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org er også tilgjengelige fra samme sted.</p>
3862
3863 <p>Det norske stavekontrollprosjektet er i kontakt med lignende
3864 prosjekter for blant annet å forbedre stavekontrollteknologien, å
3865 utveksle verktøy for vedlikehold av orddatabasen og å få tilgang til
3866 relevante datasett. Et av disse prosjektene er et separat prosjekt ved
3867 Sametinget som er i gang med å utvikle samisk stavekontroll for blant
3868 annet Microsoft Word og OpenOffice.org.</p>
3869
3870 <p>Et søsterprosjekt for å lage grammatikk-kontroll for
3871 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org er igangsatt, men har ennå ikke kommet
3872 langt nok til å brukes. Frivillige til å bidra i dette prosjektet er
3873 også svært velkomne.</p>
3874
3875 <p><strong>Kontaktperson</strong></p>
3876
3877 <p><blockquote>
3878 Axel Bojer, prosjektdeltager
3879 <br>E-post: fri_programvare (at) bojer.no
3880 <br>Tlf: +47 954 32 417
3881 </blockquote></p>
3882
3883 <p><strong>Referanser</strong></p>
3884
3885 <ul>
3886
3887 <li>Det frie norske stavekontrollprosjektet for bokmål og nynorsk:
3888     <a href="http://no.speling.org">http://no.speling.org</a></li>
3889 <li>Samiske korrekturverktøy:
3890     <a href="http://divvun.no/">http://divvun.no/</a></li>
3891 <li>Ordlistene fra Norsk ordbank:
3892     <a href="http://www.edd.uio.no/prosjekt/ordbanken/">http://www.edd.uio.no/prosjekt/ordbanken/</a></li>
3893 <li>Last ned ordlistene:
3894     <a href="http://alioth.debian.org/frs/?group_id=30577">http://alioth.debian.org/frs/?group_id=30577</a>
3895     (PS: no_NO-pack2 for OOo 2.x))</li>
3896 </ul>
3897
3898 <p><strong>Fra NEWS-fila i kildekodepakken</strong></p>
3899
3900 <p>Release 2.1 (2012-09-30)</p>
3901
3902 <ul>
3903
3904 <li>Switch to new version scheme. Make new version 2.1, not 2.0.11. We do not
3905     release often enough to justify three digits.</li>
3906 <li>Switch build rules to build OOo v2 thesaurus files, as the v1 build rules
3907     no longer work. This require the libmythes-dev package on Debian.</li>
3908 <li>Introduce new Makefile variables hyphendir and thesdir to make it easier to
3909     control where to install these.</li>
3910 <li>Change script used to import from no.speling.org, to load new word
3911     boundaries if at least two people believed the boundaries was correct.</li>
3912 <li>Added word boundaries for several words (around 500 words) using the
3913     updated script.</li>
3914 <li>Imported thesarus for bokmål from synonymer.merg.net.</li>
3915 <li>Rewrote build rules to use = instead of - as combined word marker, thus
3916     allowing words like e-post.</li>
3917 <li>Imported a lot (around 10k words) of new words with dash (-) in them from
3918     no.speling.org now that it is handled by the build system.</li>
3919 </ul>
3920
3921       </div>
3922       <div class="tags">
3923
3924
3925         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
3926
3927
3928       </div>
3929     </div>
3930     <div class="padding"></div>
3931
3932     <div class="entry">
3933       <div class="title">
3934         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Giorgio_Pioda.html">Debian Edu interview: Giorgio Pioda</a>
3935       </div>
3936       <div class="date">
3937         17th September 2012
3938       </div>
3939       <div class="body">
3940         <p>After a long break in my row of interviews with people in the
3941 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
3942 community, I finally found time to wrap up another.  This time it is
3943 Giorgio Pioda, which showed up on the mailing list at the start of
3944 this year, asking questions and inspiring us to improve the first time
3945 administrators experience with Skolelinux. :) The interview was
3946 conduced in May, but I only found time to publish it now.</p>
3947
3948 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
3949
3950 <p>I have a PhD in chemistry but since several years I work as teacher
3951 in secondary (15-18 year old students) and tertiary (a kind of "light"
3952 university) schools. Five years ago I started to manage a Learning
3953 Management Service server and slowly I got more and more involved with
3954 IT. 3 years ago the graduating schools moved completely to Linux and I
3955 got the head of the IT for this. The experience collected in chemistry
3956 labs computers (for example NMR analysis of protein folding) and in
3957 the IT-courses during university where sufficient to start. Self
3958 training is anyway very important</p>
3959
3960 <p>I live in the Italian speaking part of Switzerland, and the
3961 <a href="http://www.spse.ch/">SPSE school</a> (secondary) is a very
3962 special sport school for young people who try to became sport pro (for
3963 all sports, we have dozens of disciplines represented) and we are
3964 recognised by the Olympic Swiss Organisation.
3965
3966 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
3967 project?</strong></p>
3968
3969 <p>Looking for Linux / Primary Domain Controller (PDC) I found it
3970 already several years ago. But since the system was still not
3971 Kerberized and since our schools relies strongly on laptops I didn't
3972 use it. I plan to introduce it in the next future, probably for the
3973 next school year, since the squeeze release solved this security
3974 hole.</p>
3975
3976 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3977 Edu?</strong></p>
3978
3979 <p>Many. First of all there is a strong and living community that is
3980 very generous for help and hints.  Chat help is crucial, together with
3981 the mailing list.  Second. With Skolelinux you get an already well
3982 engineered platform and you don't have to start to build up your PDC
3983 and your clients from GNU/scratch; I've already done this once and I
3984 can tell it, it is hard. Third, since Skolelinux is a standard
3985 platform, it is way easier to educate other IT people and even if the
3986 head IT is sick another one could pick up the task without too much
3987 hassle.</p>
3988
3989 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3990 Edu?</strong></p>
3991
3992 <p>The only real problem I see is that it is a little too less
3993 flexible at client level. Debian stable is rocky and desirable, but
3994 there are many reasons that force for another choice. For example the
3995 need of new drivers for new PC, or the need for a specific OS for some
3996 devices that have specific software packages for another specific
3997 distribution (I have such a case for whiteboards that have only
3998 Ubuntu packages). Thus, I prepared compatibility packages educlient
3999 and eduroaming, hoping not to use them ;-)</p>
4000
4001 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4002
4003 <p>I have a Debian Stable PDC at school (Kerberos, NIS, NFS) with
4004 mixed Debian and Ubuntu clients. If you think that this triad
4005 combination is exotic... well I discovered right yesterday that
4006 <a href="http://moo.nac.uci.edu/~hjm/Perceus-Report.html">Perceus</a>
4007 has the same...</p>
4008
4009 <p>For myself I run Debian wheezy/sid, but this combination is good
4010 only I you have enough competence to fix stuff for yourself, if
4011 something breaks.  Daily I use texmacs, gnumeric, a little bit of R
4012 statistics, kmplot, and less frequently OpenOffice.org.</p>
4013
4014 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4015 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4016
4017 <P>I think that the only real argument that school managers "hear" is
4018 cost reduction. They don't give too much weight on quality, stability,
4019 just because they are normally not open to change.</p>
4020
4021 <p>Students adapts very quickly to GNU/Linux (and for them being able
4022 to switch between different OS is a plus value); teachers and managers
4023 don't.</p>
4024
4025 <p>We decided to move to Linux because students at our school have own
4026 laptop and we have the responsibility to keep the laptop ready to use;
4027 we were really unsatisfied with Microsoft since every Monday we had 20
4028 machine to fix for viral infections... With Linux this has been
4029 reduced to zero, since people installs almost only from official
4030 repositories. I think that our special needs brought us to Linux.
4031 Those who don't have such needs will hardly move to Linux.</p>
4032
4033       </div>
4034       <div class="tags">
4035
4036
4037         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4038
4039
4040       </div>
4041     </div>
4042     <div class="padding"></div>
4043
4044     <div class="entry">
4045       <div class="title">
4046         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">Gladoppslag om Skolelinux i avisen Fremover</a>
4047       </div>
4048       <div class="date">
4049         15th August 2012
4050       </div>
4051       <div class="body">
4052         <p>I sommer hadde avisen <a href="http://www.fremover.no/">Fremover</a>
4053 et flott oppslag om bruken av
4054 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> på alle skolene
4055 der.  Artikkelen var på trykk på side 4 og 5 i papirutgaven
4056 2012-07-23, men mangler dessverre i nettutgaven av avisen.  Mine
4057 henvendelser til avisen for å få artikkelen på nett har så langt ikke
4058 vært vellykket.</p>
4059
4060 <p>Artikkelen med tittelen "Narvik kommune bruker gratisprogram i
4061 skolen - Har spart millioner", forteller om hvordan bruken av
4062 Skolelinux er en stor suksess i Narvik siden det ble tatt i bruk i
4063 2004.  Her er noen fine sitater:</p>
4064
4065 <blockquote>
4066 "- Skolelinux har spart kommunen for store pengesummer, millionbeløp,
4067   som de heller kan bruke på andre ting, sier IKT-konsulent Viggo
4068   Fedreheim."
4069 </blockquote>
4070
4071 <p>Avisen forteller at de har fått tilgang til beregninger som viser
4072 at Narvik kommune har spart noe mellom 10 og 20 millioner kroner de
4073 siste 8 årene på å bruke Skolelinux, og fortsetter:</p>
4074
4075 <blockquote>
4076
4077 "Regnestykket tar høyde for sparte kostnader til lisenser som medfølger
4078 de alternative operativsystemene, lavere driftskostnader og lengre
4079 levetid på datautstyret.  Totalt har Narvikskolen en maskinpark på
4080 1600 maskiner fordelt på de 11 skolene fra Skjomen i sør til Bjerkvik
4081 i nord."
4082
4083 </blockquote>
4084
4085 <p>Viggo Fedreheim sier dette om hvor noe av gevinsten kommer fra:</p>
4086
4087 <blockquote>
4088 "- Vi kan gjenbruke gamle maskiner i skolen som er for dårlig andre
4089   steder i kommunen der de ikke bruker Skolelinux.  Levetiden på en
4090   datamaskin blir 3-5 år lenger med Skolelinux.  Vi kaller det for
4091   grønn IT, miljøvennlig IT."
4092 </blockquote>
4093
4094 <p>Her er det mulighet for flere kommuner å få et godt IT-system på
4095 skolene, hvis de er villige til å forsøke.  De som ikke har kompetanse
4096 innomhus kan kjøpe det fra en av de kommersielle leverandørene av
4097 Skolelinux-tjenester, som <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux
4098 Drift AS</a> (der jeg er styremedlem).  Komplett liste er tilgjengelig
4099 via
4100 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Help/ProfessionalHelp">wikien</a>.</p>
4101
4102 <p>Update 2012-08-16: Today I was allowed by Fremover to put the PDF I
4103 received from them with a copy of the article on the Internet.  It is
4104 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/2012-07-23-fremover-narvik.pdf">now
4105 available</a> in the Skolelinux press archive.</p>
4106
4107       </div>
4108       <div class="tags">
4109
4110
4111         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4112
4113
4114       </div>
4115     </div>
4116     <div class="padding"></div>
4117
4118     <div class="entry">
4119       <div class="title">
4120         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Tips_for___bli_med_i_Skolelinux_prosjektet__som_faktisk_er_aktivt_.html">Tips for å bli med i Skolelinux-prosjektet (som faktisk er aktivt)</a>
4121       </div>
4122       <div class="date">
4123         19th July 2012
4124       </div>
4125       <div class="body">
4126         <p>Jeg fikk nettopp spørsmål på epost om Skolelinux-prosjektet lever
4127 fra en som var interessert i å bidra, og måtte jo konstatere at i og
4128 med at spørsmålet ble stilt har prosjektet ikke lyktes med å formidle
4129 sin aktivitet.  Her er det jeg svarte:</p>
4130
4131 <p><blockquote>
4132 <p>Jada, <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektet</a>
4133 lever, men det meste av utvikling foregår nå under paraplyen
4134 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/">Debian Edu</a> som er det
4135 internasjonale navnet på prosjektet.  Dugnaden i Norge organiseres av
4136 medlemsforeningen
4137 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
4138 Skolen</a>, og det finnes minst ett selskap som selger kommersiell
4139 support på løsningen (<a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux
4140 Drift AS</a>, der jeg er styremedlem).  Anbefaler at du melder deg på
4141 epostlisten
4142 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@lists.debian.org</a>
4143 (og debian-edu-announce) og
4144 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">melder deg inn i
4145 foreningen</a> for å få beskjed om aktivitet som planlegges.  Det
4146 planlegges
4147 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering">utviklersamlinger
4148 i august</a> og utover høsten.</p>
4149
4150 <p>Bidra gjerne med å spre ordet om Skolelinux.  Det er alt for få som
4151 bidrar til pressedekning, bloggposter, twittermeldinger, etc. :)</p>
4152
4153 <p>Jeg antar du har funnet
4154 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju/">bloggserien
4155 min med intervjuer</a>.  Det er antagelig også interessant for deg å
4156 følge med på <a href="http://planet.skolelinux.org/">Planet
4157 Skolelinux</a>.</p>
4158
4159 <p>Hm, jeg burde vel blogge alle disse lenkene slik at de blir enklere
4160 å finne...</p>
4161 </blockquote></p>
4162 <p>Herved gjort. :)</p>
4163
4164       </div>
4165       <div class="tags">
4166
4167
4168         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4169
4170
4171       </div>
4172     </div>
4173     <div class="padding"></div>
4174
4175     <div class="entry">
4176       <div class="title">
4177         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__George_Bredberg.html">Debian Edu interview: George Bredberg</a>
4178       </div>
4179       <div class="date">
4180          9th July 2012
4181       </div>
4182       <div class="body">
4183         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
4184 Skolelinux</a> project have users all over the globe, but until
4185 recently we have not known about any users in Norway's neighbour
4186 country Sweden.  This changed when George Bredberg showed up in March
4187 this year on the mailing list, asking interesting questions about how
4188 to adjust and scale the just released
4189 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
4190 Wheezy</a> setup to his liking.  He granted me an interview, and I am
4191 happy to share his answers with you here.</p>
4192
4193 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4194
4195 <p>I'm a 44 year old country guy that have been working 12 years at
4196 the same school as 50% IT-manager and 50% Teacher. My educational
4197 background is fil.kand in history and religious beliefs, an exam as a
4198 "folkhighschool" teacher, that is, for teaching grownups.  In
4199 Norwegian I believe it's called "Vuxenupplaring". I also have a master
4200 in "Technology and social change". So I'm not really a tech guy, I
4201 just like to study how humans and technology interact and that is my
4202 perspective when working with IT.</p>
4203
4204 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
4205 project?</strong></p>
4206
4207 I have followed the Skolelinux project for quite some time by
4208 now. Earlier I tested out the K12-LTSP project, which we used for some
4209 time, but I really like the idea of having a distribution aimed to be
4210 a complete solution for schools with necessary tools integrated. When
4211 K12-LTSP abandoned that idea some years ago, I started to look more
4212 seriously into Skolelinux instead.
4213
4214 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4215 Edu?</strong></p>
4216
4217 The big point of Skolelinux to me is that it is a complete
4218 distribution, ready to install. It has LDAP-support, MS Windows
4219 integration tools and so forth already configured, saving an
4220 administrator a lot of time and headache. We were using another Linux
4221 based thin-client system called Thinlinc, that has served us very
4222 well. But that Skolelinux is based on VNC and LTSP, to me, is better
4223 when it comes to the kind of multimedia used in schools. That is
4224 showing videos from Youtube or educational TV. It is also easier to
4225 mix thin clients with workstations, since the user settings will be the
4226 same. In our VNC-based solution you had to "beat around the bush" by
4227 setting up a second, hidden, home-directory for user settings for the
4228 workstations, because they will be different from the ones used on the
4229 thin clients. Skolelinux support for diskless workstations are very
4230 convenient since a school today often need to use a class room
4231 projector showing videos in full screen. That is easily done with a
4232 small integrated media computer running as a diskless workstation. You
4233 have only two installs to update and configure. One for the thin
4234 clients and one for the workstations. Also saving a lot of time.  Our
4235 old system was also based on Redhat and CentOS. They are both very
4236 nice distributions, but they are sometimes painfully slow when it
4237 comes to updating multimedia support and multimedia programs (even
4238 such as Gimp), leaving us with a bit "oldish" applications. Debian is
4239 quicker to update.
4240
4241 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4242 Edu?</strong></p>
4243
4244 <p>Debian is a bit too quick when it comes to updating. As an example
4245 we use old HP terminals as thinclients, and two times already this
4246 year (2012) the updates you get from the repositories has stopped
4247 sound from working with them.  It's a kernel/ALSA issue. So you have
4248 to be more careful properly testing the updates before you run them in
4249 a production environment. This has never happened with CentOS.</p>
4250
4251 <p>I also would like to be able to set my own domain-settings at
4252 install time.  In Skolelinux they are kind of hard coded into the
4253 distribution, when it comes to LDAP and at least samba integration.
4254 That is more a cosmetic/translation issue, and not a real problem.
4255 Running MS Windows applications within the Skolelinux environment needs
4256 to be better supported. That is, running them seamlessly via RDP, and
4257 support for single-sign on.  That will make the transition to free
4258 software easier, because you can keep the applications you really
4259 need.  No support will make it impossible if you work in a school where
4260 some applications can't be open source. As for us we really need to
4261 run Adobe InDesign in our journalist classes.  We run a journalist
4262 education, and is one of the very few non university ones that is ok:d
4263 by Svenska journalistförbundet (Swedish journalist association).  Our
4264 education gives the pupils the right of membership there, once they
4265 are done.  This is important if you want to get a job.</p>
4266
4267 <p>Adobe InDesign is the program most commonly used in newspapers and
4268 magazines.  We used Quark Express before, but they seem to loose there
4269 market to Adobe. The only "equivalent" to InDesign in the opensource
4270 world is Scribus, and its not advanced enough. At least not according
4271 to the teacher. I think it would be possible to use it, because they
4272 are not supposed to learn a program, they are supposed to learn how to
4273 edit and compile a newspaper.  But politically at our school we are not
4274 there yet.  And Scribus lacks a lot of things you find i InDesign.</p>
4275
4276 <p>We used even a windows program for sound editing when it comes to
4277 the radio-journalist part. The year to come we are going to try
4278 Audacity. That software has the same kind of limitations compared to
4279 Adobe Audition, but that teacher is a bit more open minded. We have
4280 tried Ardour also, but that instead is more like a music studio
4281 program, not intended for the kind of editing taking place in a radio
4282 studio. Its way to complex and the GUI is to scattered when you only
4283 want to cut, make pass-overs, add extra channels and normalise.  Those
4284 things you can do in Audacity, but its not as easy as in Audition. You
4285 have to do more things manually with envelopes, and that is a bit old
4286 fashion and timewasting. Its also harder to cut and move sound from
4287 one channel to another, which is a thing that you do frequently
4288 because you often find yourself needing to rearrange parts of the
4289 sound file.</p>
4290
4291 <p>So, I am not sure we will succeed in replacing even Audition, but we
4292 will try.  The problem is the students have certain expectations when
4293 they start an education towards a profession.  So the programs has to
4294 look and feel professional.  Good thing with radio, there are many
4295 programs out there, that radio studios use, so its not as standardised
4296 as Newspaper editing. That means, it does not really matter what
4297 program they learn, because once they start working they still have to
4298 learn the program the studio uses, so instead focus has to be to learn
4299 the editing part without to much focus on a specific software.</p>
4300
4301 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4302
4303 <p>Myself I'm running Linux Mint, or Ubuntu these days.  I use almost
4304 only open source software, and preferably Linux based. When it comes
4305 to most used applications its OpenOffice, and Firefox (of course ;)
4306 )</p>
4307
4308 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4309 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4310
4311 <p>To get schools to use free software there has to be good open
4312 source software that are windows based, to ease the transition. But
4313 it's also very important that the multimedia support is working
4314 flawlessly.  The problems with Youtube, Twitter, Facebook and whatever
4315 will create problems when it comes to both teachers and
4316 students. Economy are also important for schools, so using thin
4317 clients, as long as they have good multimedia support, is a very good
4318 idea. It's also important that the open source software works even for
4319 the administration.  It's hard to convince the teachers to stick with
4320 open source, if the principal has to run Windows.  It also creates a
4321 problem if some classes has to use Windows for there tasks, since that
4322 will create a difference in "status" between classes, so a good
4323 support for running windows applications via the thin client (Linux)
4324 desktop is essential.  At least at our school, where we have mixed
4325 level of educations, from high-school to journalist-school.</p>
4326
4327 <p>Update 2012-07-09 08:30: Paul Wise tipped me on IRC about three
4328 useful sources related to Free Software for radio stations: the LWN
4329 article <a href="https://lwn.net/Articles/481607/">Radio station
4330 management with Airtime</a>,
4331 <a href="http://www.sourcefabric.org/en/airtime/">Airtime</a> which
4332 claim to be a Free open source radio automation software and
4333 <a href="http://www.rivendellaudio.org/">Rivendell</a> which claim to
4334 be complete radio broadcast automation solution.  All of them seem
4335 useful to the aspiring radio producer.</p>
4336
4337       </div>
4338       <div class="tags">
4339
4340
4341         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4342
4343
4344       </div>
4345     </div>
4346     <div class="padding"></div>
4347
4348     <div class="entry">
4349       <div class="title">
4350         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_do_schools_waste_money_on_IT_.html">Why do schools waste money on IT?</a>
4351       </div>
4352       <div class="date">
4353          8th July 2012
4354       </div>
4355       <div class="body">
4356         <p>In the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project, we have realised that one
4357 of the major blockers for the project success is the purchasing skills
4358 in schools and municipalities.  We provide what the happy users of
4359 Debian Edu / Skolelinux say they need and to a lower cost than the
4360 alternatives, and yet so few schools decide to use our solution.  I
4361 was pleased to discover the same observation done by mySociety and Tom
4362 Steinberg in his blog post
4363 "<a href="http://www.mysociety.org/2012/06/19/can-you-recognize-the-million-pound-chair/">Can
4364 you recognize the million pound chair?</a>".  Read it and weep for the
4365 spending of your tax money.</p>
4366
4367 <p>Of course there are other factors involved as well, like our
4368 projects bad marketing skills and the Linux community fragmentation
4369 causing worry with the people on the outside, so we as a project need
4370 to keep working hard to gain users, but it is a up-hill battle when
4371 public decision makers are unable to understand computer system
4372 purchases.</p>
4373
4374       </div>
4375       <div class="tags">
4376
4377
4378         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4379
4380
4381       </div>
4382     </div>
4383     <div class="padding"></div>
4384
4385     <div class="entry">
4386       <div class="title">
4387         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Free_Timetabling_Software___nice_free_software.html">Free Timetabling Software - nice free software</a>
4388       </div>
4389       <div class="date">
4390          7th July 2012
4391       </div>
4392       <div class="body">
4393         <p>Included in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
4394 Skolelinux</a> is a large collection of end user and school specific
4395 software.  It is one of the packages not installed by default but
4396 provided in the Debian archive for schools to install if they want to,
4397 is a system to automatically plan the school time table using
4398 information about available teachers, classes and rooms, combined with
4399 the list of required courses and how many hours each topic should
4400 receive.  The software is
4401
4402 <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/">named FET</a>, and it provide a
4403 graphical user interface to input the required information, save the
4404 result in a fairly simple XML format, and generate time tables for
4405 both teachers and students.  It is available both for
4406 <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/download.html">Linux, MacOSX and
4407 Windows</a>.</p>
4408
4409 <p>This is <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/features.html">the
4410 feature list</a>, liftet from the project web site:</p>
4411
4412 <p><ul>
4413
4414   <li>FET is free software, licensed under the GNU GPL v2 or later.
4415     You can freely use, copy, modify and redistribute it </li>
4416
4417   <li>Localized to en_US (US English, default), ar (Arabic), ca
4418     (Catalan), da (Danish), de (German), el (Greek), es (Spanish), fa
4419     (Persian), fr (French), gl (Galician), he (Hebrew), hu
4420     (Hungarian), id (Indonesian), it (Italian), lt (Lithuanian), mk
4421     (Macedonian), ms (Malay), nl (Dutch), pl (Polish), pt_BR
4422     (Brazilian Portuguese), ro (Romanian), ru (Russian), si (Sinhala),
4423     sk (Slovak), sr (Serbian), tr (Turkish), uk (Ukrainian), uz
4424     (Uzbek) and vi (Vietnamese) (incompletely for some languages)
4425     </li>
4426
4427   <li>Fully automatic generation algorithm, allowing also
4428     semi-automatic or manual allocation</li>
4429
4430   <li>Platform independent implementation, allowing running on
4431     GNU/Linux, Windows, Mac and any system that Qt supports </li>
4432
4433   <li>Flexible modular XML format for the input file, allowing editing
4434     with an XML editor or by hand (besides FET interface)</li>
4435
4436   <li>Import/export from CSV format</li>
4437
4438   <li>The resulted timetables are exported into HTML, XML and CSV
4439     formats </li>
4440
4441   <li>Flexible students structure, organized into sets: years, groups
4442     and subgroups. FET allows overlapping years and groups and
4443     non-overlapping subgroups. You can even define individual students
4444     (as separate sets)</li>
4445
4446   <li>Each constraint has a weight percentage, from 0.0% to 100.0%
4447     (but some special constraints are allowed to have only 100% weight
4448     percentage)</li>
4449
4450   <li>Limits for the algorithm (all these limits can be increased on
4451     demand, as a custom version, because this would require a bit more
4452     memory):
4453     <ul>
4454       <li>Maximum total number of hours (periods) per day: 60</li>
4455       <li>Maximum number of working days per week: 35</li>
4456       <li>Maximum total number of teachers: 6000</li>
4457       <li>Maximum total number of sets of students: 30000</li>
4458       <li>Maximum total number of subjects: 6000</li>
4459       <li>Virtually unlimited number of activity tags</li>
4460       <li>Maximum number of activities: 30000</li>
4461       <li>Maximum number of rooms: 6000</li>
4462       <li>Maximum number of buildings: 6000</li>
4463       <li>Possibility of adding multiple teachers and
4464           students sets for each activity.  (it is possible
4465           also to have no teachers or no students sets for an
4466           activity)</li>
4467       <li>Virtually unlimited number of time constraints</li>
4468       <li>Virtually unlimited number of space constraints</li>
4469     </ul></li>
4470
4471   <li>A large and flexible palette of time constraints:
4472     <ul>
4473       <li>Break periods</li>
4474       <li>For teacher(s):
4475         <ul>
4476           <li>Not available periods</li>
4477           <li>Max/min days per week</li>
4478           <li>Max gaps per day/week</li>
4479           <li>Max hours daily/continuously</li>
4480           <li>Min hours daily</li>
4481           <li>Max hours daily/continuously with an activity tag</li>
4482
4483           <li>Respect working in an hourly interval a max number of
4484             days per week</li>
4485         </ul></li>
4486       <li>For students (sets):
4487         <ul>
4488           <li>Not available periods</li>
4489           <li>Begins early (specify max allowed beginnings at second hour)</li>
4490           <li>Max gaps per day/week</li>
4491           <li>Max hours daily/continuously</li>
4492           <li>Min hours daily</li>
4493           <li>Max hours daily/continuously with an activity tag</li>
4494
4495           <li>Respect working in an hourly interval a max number of
4496             days per week</li>
4497         </ul></li>
4498       <li>For an activity or a set of activities/subactivities:
4499         <ul>
4500           <li>A single preferred starting time</li>
4501           <li>A set of preferred starting times</li>
4502           <li>A set of preferred time slots</li>
4503           <li>Min/max days between them</li>
4504           <li>End(s) students day</li>
4505           <li>Same starting time/day/hour</li>
4506           <li>Occupy max time slots from selection (a complex and
4507             flexible constraint, useful in many situations)</li>
4508           <li>Consecutive, ordered, grouped (for 2 or 3 (sub)activities)</li>
4509           <li>Not overlapping</li>
4510           <li>Max simultaneous in selected time slots</li>
4511           <li>Min gaps between a set of (sub)activities</li>
4512         </ul></li>
4513     </ul></li>
4514
4515   <li>A large and flexible palette of space constraints:
4516     <ul>
4517       <li>Room not available periods</li>
4518       <li>For teacher(s):
4519         <ul>
4520           <li>Home room(s)</li>
4521           <li>Max building changes per day/week</li>
4522           <li>Min gaps between building changes</li>
4523         </ul>
4524       </li>
4525
4526       <li>For students (sets):
4527         <ul>
4528           <li>Home room(s)</li>
4529           <li>Max building changes per day/week</li>
4530           <li>Min gaps between building changes</li>
4531         </ul>
4532       </li>
4533       <li>Preferred room(s):
4534         <ul>
4535           <li>For a subject</li>
4536           <li>For an activity tag</li>
4537           <li>For a subject and an activity tag</li>
4538           <li>Individually for a (sub)activity</li>
4539         </ul>
4540       </li>
4541
4542       <li>For a set of activities:
4543         <ul>
4544           <li>Occupy a maximum number of different rooms</li>
4545         </ul>
4546       </li>
4547     </ul>
4548   </li>
4549 </ul></p>
4550
4551 <p>I have not used it myself, as I am not involved in time table
4552 planning at a school, but it seem to work fine when I test it.  If you
4553 need to set up your schools time table, and is tired of doing it
4554 manually, check it out.
4555
4556 A quick summary on how to use it can be found in
4557 <a href="http://marvelsoft.co.in/wp/2012/03/generate-timetable-for-state-cbse-icse-igcse-schools-free/">a
4558 blog post from MarvelSoft</a>.  If you find FET useful, please provide
4559 a recipe for the Debian Edu project in the
4560 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu#Howtos">Debian Edu HowTo
4561 section</a>.</p>
4562
4563       </div>
4564       <div class="tags">
4565
4566
4567         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4568
4569
4570       </div>
4571     </div>
4572     <div class="padding"></div>
4573
4574     <div class="entry">
4575       <div class="title">
4576         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Markus_Gamenius.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Markus Gamenius</a>
4577       </div>
4578       <div class="date">
4579         30th June 2012
4580       </div>
4581       <div class="body">
4582         <p>Tidligere leder av
4583 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no">foreningen som
4584 organiserer Skolelinux-dugnaden</a>, Markus Gamenius , har i vår vært
4585 i media og
4586 <a href="http://www.dn.no/privatokonomi/article2345489.ece">debattert
4587 skattepolitikk</a>, og det fikk meg til å høre om han kunne lokkes til
4588 å fortelle om hans inntrykk nå, etter at han ble lokket bort fra
4589 Linux- og <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-verden
4590 for å overta familiebedriften.  Her har vi hans betraktninger i dag,
4591 noen måneder etter at
4592 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Skolelinux
4593 Squeeze</a>-utgaven ble gitt ut.</p>
4594
4595 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
4596
4597 <p>Jeg heter Markus Gamenius og er 40 år.  Utdannet biolog med ymse
4598 fag på siden.  Har jobbet som lærer der jeg var driftsansvarlig på
4599 Ulsrud VGS i Oslo.  Senere eide og jobbet jeg flere år i Linuxlabs AS,
4600 som jeg solgte til Redpill Linpro AS (den gangen Linpro AS).  I dag
4601 jobber jeg med ulike investeringer, hovedsaklig i eiendom, men også i
4602 en del ulike IT-relaterte bedrifter.</p>
4603
4604 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
4605
4606 <p>Fruen og jeg dro på en lengre seiltur i 2000, der jeg måtte ha "noe
4607 å gjøre" under hjemturen over Atlanteren.  Jeg kjøpte et par bøker om
4608 Linux i en bokhandel i New York og ble veldig fascinert.  Etter
4609 hjemkomsten begynte jeg å jobbe på Ulsrud VGS, som naturfagslærer, men
4610 som IT-interessert ble jeg fort en del av den nye IT-satsningen som
4611 skulle løfte Ulsrud og gi skolen en bedre rykte.  Vi hadde ganske
4612 mange maskiner, som gikk på Win98 og to servere som ble oppgradert til
4613 Win2000.  Systemene var ustabil og dårlige.  På leting etter noe
4614 bedre, uten å knekke ryggen økonomisk, kom jeg over "Linux i Skolen"
4615 og Skolelinux.  Jeg tok kontakt med miljøet og en gjeng møtte opp på
4616 skolen, der vi gjorde en liten testinstallasjon.  Etter et par år var
4617 ryggraden på skolen Linux (Skolelinux) og vi hadde flere hundre
4618 maskiner, både tynne klienter (gamle og nye), bærbare (Debian) og noen
4619 stasjonære (Win2000).  På et tidspunkt var Ulsrud den råeste IT-skolen
4620 og det irriterte skolesjefen i Oslo, da de satset hardt på
4621 Windows.</p>
4622
4623 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
4624
4625 <p>Det som gjorde at vi fikk inn Skolelinux var ene og alene
4626 økonomiske.  Det faktum at vi slapp å kjøpe masse nye lisenser og at
4627 vi kunne bruke gammel hardware.  Alt i alt gjorde dette at vi sparte
4628 mye, men i stede for å bruke mindre på IT brukte vi det vi sparte på å
4629 skaffe mer hardware og på den måten gi det beste tilbudet i landet til
4630 våre elever.  For oss som driftet var det himmel å ha et system som
4631 gikk å administrere sentralt og effektivt.  Det var heller ikke så
4632 dumt at vi kunne "låse" maskinene mer effektivt enn vi kunne med
4633 Microsoft Windows, slik at vi slapp mye feil og problemer som ble
4634 forårsaket av "kreative" elever.</p>
4635
4636 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
4637
4638 <p>Det vi slet med var mangelen av en del programmer lærerne ville ha.
4639 Husker ikke alle, men det var et knippe med pedagogiske programmer de
4640 ikke fikk.  I dag tror jeg det problemet er langt mindre da det meste
4641 av disse kjøres gjennom nettleseren.</p>
4642
4643 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
4644
4645 <p>Jeg bruker mye Apple i dag og er ikke så stolt av det, men jeg har
4646 både OpenOffice, Firefox og en del andre programmer på den bærbare.
4647 Firefox brukes mest av disse.  På Apple-serveren hjemme bruker jeg
4648 HandBrake mye, og jeg har installert OpenWRT på flere av
4649 basestasjonene både hjemme og på jobben.  I tillegg til det har jeg i
4650 flere år finansiert et prosjekt som heter
4651 <a href="http://www.found.no/">Found IT</a>.  Dette er et prosjekt der
4652 vi lager et rammeverk for søk, der alt vi bruker fri programvare.  Det
4653 er Alex Brasetvik som er daglig leder i Found IT.</p>
4654
4655 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
4656 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
4657
4658 <p>Når det gjelder IT og skole er fortsatt økonomi veldig viktig.  Så
4659 man må oppfylle minimumskravene (ikke være best, men bra nok) og selge
4660 seg inn på hvor mye man sparer.  Det betyr selvsagt at man sparer på
4661 lisenser, men også på driftsinnsats.  Men nå når jeg ikke er en aktiv
4662 del av miljøet lenger hører jeg nesten ingen ting om fri programvare.
4663 Jeg stiller meg da spørsmålet om det har blitt stille rundt miljøet,
4664 eller om jeg kun så det tydeligere før når jeg var aktiv? Uansett er
4665 det for stille rundt Skolelinux-prosjektet nå.</p>
4666
4667       </div>
4668       <div class="tags">
4669
4670
4671         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4672
4673
4674       </div>
4675     </div>
4676     <div class="padding"></div>
4677
4678     <div class="entry">
4679       <div class="title">
4680         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Jos__Luis_Redrejo_Rodr_guez.html">Debian Edu interview: José Luis Redrejo Rodríguez</a>
4681       </div>
4682       <div class="date">
4683         26th June 2012
4684       </div>
4685       <div class="body">
4686         <p>I've been too busy at home, but finally I found time to wrap up
4687 another interview with the people behind
4688 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>.
4689 This time we get to know José Luis Redrejo Rodríguez, one of our great
4690 helpers from Spain.  His effort was the reason we added support for
4691 several desktop types (KDE, Gnome and most recently LXDE) in Debian
4692 Edu, and have all of these available in the recently published
4693 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
4694 Squeeze</a> version.</p>
4695
4696 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4697
4698 <p>I'm a father, teacher and engineer who is working for the Education
4699 ministry of the Region of Extremadura (Spain) in the implementation of
4700 ICT in schools</p>
4701
4702 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
4703 project?</strong></p>
4704
4705 <p>At 2006, I verified that both, we in Extremadura and Skolelinux
4706 project, had been working in parallel for some years, doing very
4707 similar things, using very similar tools and with similar targets, so
4708 I decided it was time to join forces as much as possible.</p>
4709
4710 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4711 Edu?</strong></p>
4712
4713 <p>A community of highly skilled experts working together, with a
4714 really open schema of collaboration and work. I really love the
4715 concepts of Do-ocracy and Merit-ocracy and the way these concepts are
4716 been used everyday inside Debian Edu.</p>
4717
4718 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4719 Edu?</strong></p>
4720
4721 <p>Sometimes the differences in the implementations, laws or
4722 economical and technical resources in the different countries don't
4723 allow us to agree in the same solution for all of us, and several
4724 approaches are needed, what is a waste of effort. Also, there is a
4725 lack of more man power to be able to follow the fast evolution of the
4726 technologies in school.</p>
4727
4728 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4729
4730 <p>Debian, of course, and due to my kind of job I am most of my time
4731 between Iceweasel, <a href="http://www.geany.org/">Geany</a> and
4732 <a href="http://www.ohloh.net/p/gnome-terminator">Terminator</a>.</p>
4733
4734 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4735 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4736
4737 <p>I think there is not a single strategy because there are very
4738 different scenarios: schools with mixed proprietary and free
4739 environments, schools using only workstations, other schools using
4740 laptops, netbooks, tablets, interactive white-boards, etc.</p>
4741
4742 <p>Also the range of ages of the students is very broad and you can
4743 not use the same solutions for primary schools and secondary or even
4744 universities. So different strategies are needed.</p>
4745
4746 <p>But, looking at these differences, and looking back to the things
4747 we've done and implemented, and the places were we have spent most of
4748 our forces, I think we should focus as much as possible in free
4749 multi-platform environments, using only standards tools, and moving
4750 more and more to Internet or network solutions that could be deployed
4751 using wireless. I think we'll see more and more personal devices in
4752 the schools, devices the students and teachers will take home with
4753 them, so the solutions must be able to be taken at home and continue
4754 working there.</p>
4755
4756       </div>
4757       <div class="tags">
4758
4759
4760         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4761
4762
4763       </div>
4764     </div>
4765     <div class="padding"></div>
4766
4767     <div class="entry">
4768       <div class="title">
4769         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu___some_ideas_for_the_future_versions.html">Debian Edu - some ideas for the future versions</a>
4770       </div>
4771       <div class="date">
4772         11th June 2012
4773       </div>
4774       <div class="body">
4775         <p>During my work on
4776 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.nb.html">Debian Edu
4777 based on Squeeze</a>, I came across some issues that should be
4778 addressed in the Wheezy release.  I finally found time to wrap up my
4779 notes and provide quick summary of what I found, with a bit
4780 explanation.</p>
4781
4782 <p><ul>
4783
4784 <li>We need to rewrite our package installation framework, as tasksel
4785 changed from using tasksel tasks to using meta packages (aka packages
4786 with dependencies like our education-* packages), and our installation
4787 system depend on tasksel tasks in
4788 /usr/share/tasksel/debian-edu-tasks.desc for package
4789 installation.</li>
4790
4791 <li>Enable Kerberos login for more services.  Now with the Kerberos
4792 foundation in place, we should use it to get single sign on with more
4793 services, and avoiding unneeded password / login questions.  We should
4794 at least try to enable it for these services:
4795 <ul>
4796
4797   <li>CUPS for admins to add/configure printers and users when using
4798     quotas.</li>
4799   <li>Nagios for admins checking the system status.</li>
4800   <li>GOsa for admins updating LDAP and users changing their passwords.</li>
4801   <li>LDAP for admins updating LDAP.</li>
4802   <li>Squid for users when exam mode / filtering is active.</li>
4803   <li>ssh for admins and users to save a password prompt.</li>
4804
4805 </ul></li>
4806
4807 <li>When we move GOsa to use Kerberos instead of LDAP bind to
4808 authenticate users, we should try to block or at least limit access to
4809 use LDAP bind for authentication, to ensure Kerberos is used when it
4810 is intended, and nothing fall back to using the less safe LDAP bind</li>
4811
4812 <li>Merge debian-edu-config and debian-edu-install.  The split made
4813 sense when d-e-install did a lot more, but these days it is just an
4814 inconvenience when we update the debconf preseeding values.</li>
4815
4816 <li>Fix partman-auto to allow us to abort the installation before
4817 touching the disk if the disk is too small.  This is
4818 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/653305">BTS report #653305</a> and the
4819 d-i developers are fine with the patch and someone just need to apply
4820 it and upload.  After this is done we need to adjust
4821 debian-edu-install to use this new hook.</li>
4822
4823 <li>Adjust to new LTSP framework (boot time config instead of install
4824 time config).  LTSP changed its design, and our hooks to install
4825 packages and update the configuration is most likely not going to work
4826 in Wheezy.
4827
4828 <li>Consider switching to NBD instead of NFS for LTSP root, to allow
4829 the Kernel to cache files in its normal file cache, possibly speeding
4830 up KDE login on slow networks.</li>
4831
4832 <li>Make it possible to create expired user passwords that need to
4833 change on first login.  This is useful when handing out password on
4834 paper, to make sure only the user know the password.  This require
4835 fixes to the PAM handling of kdm and gdm.</li>
4836
4837 <li>Make GUI for adding new machines automatically from sitesummary.
4838 The current command line script is not very friendly to people most
4839 familiar with GUIs.  This should probably be integrated into GOsa to
4840 have it available where the admin will be looking for it..</li>
4841
4842 <li>We should find way for Nagios to check that the DHCP service
4843 actually is working (as in handling out IP addresses).  None of the
4844 Nagios checks I have found so far have been working for me.</li>
4845
4846 <li>We should switch from libpam-nss-ldapd to sssd for all profiles
4847 using LDAP, and not only on for roaming workstations, to have less
4848 packages to configure and consistent setup across all profiles.</li>
4849
4850 <li>We should configure Kerberos to update LDAP and Samba password
4851 when changing password using the Kerberos protocol.  The hook was
4852 requested in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/588968">BTS report
4853 #588968</a> and is now available in Wheezy.  We might need to write a
4854 MIT Kerberos plugin in C to get this.</li>
4855
4856 <li>We should clean up the set of applications installed by default.
4857 <ul>
4858
4859 <li>reduce the number of chemistry visualisers</li>
4860 <li>consider dropping xpaint</li>
4861 <li>and probably more?</li>
4862 </ul></li>
4863
4864 <li>Some hardware need external firmware to work properly.  This is
4865 mostly the case for WiFi network cards, but there are some other
4866 examples too.  For popular laptops to work out of the box, such
4867 firmware need to be installed from non-free, and we should provide
4868 some GUI to do this.  Ubuntu already have this implemented, and we
4869 could consider using their packages.  At the moment we have some
4870 command line script to do this (one for the running system, another
4871 for the LTSP chroot).</li>
4872
4873
4874 <li>In Squeeze, we provide KDE, Gnome and LXDE as desktop options.  We
4875 should extend the list to Xfce and Sugar, and preferably find a way to
4876 install several and allow the admin or the user to select which one to
4877 use.</li>
4878
4879 <li>The golearn tool from the goplay package make it easy to check out
4880 interesting educational packages.  We should work on the package
4881 tagging in Debian to ensure it represent all the useful educational
4882 packages, and extend the tool to allow it to use packagekit to install
4883 new applications with a simple mouse click.</li>
4884
4885 <li>The Squeeze version got half a exam solution already in place,
4886 with the introduction of iptable based network blocking, but for it to
4887 be a complete exam solution the Squid proxy need to enable
4888 filtering/blocking as well when the exam mode is enabled.  We should
4889 implement a way to easily enable this for the schools that want it,
4890 instead of the "it is documented" method of today.</li>
4891
4892 <li>A feature used in several schools is the ability for a teacher to
4893 "take over" the desktop of individual or all computers in the room.
4894 There are at least three implementations,
4895 <a href="italc.sourceforge.net/">italc</a>,
4896 <a href="http://www.itais.net/help/en/">controlaula</a> og
4897 <a href="http://www.epoptes.org/">epoptes</a> and we should pick one of
4898 them and make it trivial to set it up in a school.  The challenges is
4899 how to distribute crypto keys and how to group computers in one room
4900 and how to set up which machine/user can control the machines in a
4901 given room.</li>
4902
4903 <li>Tablets and surf boards are getting more and more popular, and we
4904 should look into providing a good solution for integrating these into
4905 the Debian Edu network.  Not quite sure how.  Perhaps we should
4906 provide a installation profile with better touch screen support for
4907 them, or add some sync services to allow them to exchange
4908 configuration and data with the central server.  This should be
4909 investigated.</li>
4910
4911 </ul></p>
4912
4913 <p>I guess we will discover more as we continue to work on the Wheezy
4914 version.</p>
4915
4916       </div>
4917       <div class="tags">
4918
4919
4920         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4921
4922
4923       </div>
4924     </div>
4925     <div class="padding"></div>
4926
4927     <div class="entry">
4928       <div class="title">
4929         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Mike_Gabriel.html">Debian Edu interview: Mike Gabriel</a>
4930       </div>
4931       <div class="date">
4932          2nd June 2012
4933       </div>
4934       <div class="body">
4935         <p>Back in 2010, Mike Gabriel showed up on the
4936 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
4937 mailing list.  He quickly proved to be a valuable developer, and
4938 thanks to his tireless effort we now have Kerberos integrated into the
4939 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
4940 Squeeze</a> version.</p>
4941
4942 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4943
4944 <p>My name is Mike Gabriel, I am 38 years old and live near Kiel,
4945 Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. I live together with a wonderful partner
4946 (Angela Fuß) and two own children and two bonus children (contributed
4947 by Angela).</p>
4948
4949 <p>During the day I am part-time employed as a system administrator
4950 and part-time working as an IT consultant. The consultancy work
4951 touches free software topics wherever and whenever possible. During
4952 the nights I am a free software developer. In the gaps I also train in
4953 becoming an osteopath.</p>
4954
4955 <p>Starting in 2010 we (Andreas Buchholz, Angela Fuß, Mike Gabriel)
4956 have set up a free software project in the area of Kiel that aims at
4957 introducing free software into schools. The project's name is
4958 "IT-Zukunft Schule" (IT future for schools). The project links IT
4959 skills with communication skills.</p>
4960
4961 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
4962 project?</strong></p>
4963
4964 <p>While preparing our own customised Linux distribution for
4965 "IT-Zukunft Schule" we were repeatedly asked if we really wanted to
4966 reinvent the wheel. What schools really need is already available,
4967 people said.  From this impulse we started evaluating other Linux
4968 distributions that target being used for school networks.</p>
4969
4970 <p>At the end we short-listed two approaches and compared them: a
4971 commercial Linux distribution developed by a company in Bremen,
4972 Germany, and Skolelinux / Debian Edu. Between 12/2010 and 03/2011 we
4973 went to several events and met people being responsible for marketing
4974 and development of either of the distributions. Skolelinux / Debian
4975 Edu was by far much more convincing compared to the other product that
4976 got short-listed beforehand--across the full spectrum. What was most
4977 attractive for me personally: the perspective of collaboration within
4978 the developmental branch of the Debian Edu project itself.</p>
4979
4980 <p>In parallel with this, we talked to many local and not-so-local
4981 people.  People teaching at schools, headmasters, politicians, data
4982 protection experts, other IT professionals.</p>
4983
4984 <p>We came to two conclusions:</p>
4985
4986 <p>First, a technical conclusion: What schools need is available in
4987 bits and pieces here and there, and none of the solutions really fit
4988 by 100%. Any school we have seen has a very individual IT setup
4989 whereas most of each school's requirements could mapped by a standard
4990 IT solution.  The requirement to this IT solution is flexibility and
4991 customisability, so that individual adaptations here and there are
4992 possible.  In terms of re-distributing and rolling out such a
4993 standardised IT system for schools (a system that is still to some
4994 degree customisable) there is still a lot of work to do here
4995 locally. Debian Edu / Skolelinux has been our choice as the starting
4996 point.</p>
4997
4998 <p>Second, a holistic conclusion: What schools need does not exist at
4999 all (or we missed it so far). There are several technical solutions
5000 for handling IT at schools that tend to make a good impression. What
5001 has been missing completely here in Germany, though, is the enrolment
5002 of people into using IT and teaching with IT. "IT-Zukunft Schule"
5003 tries to provide an approach for this.</p>
5004
5005 <p>Only some schools have some sort of a media concept which explains,
5006 defines and gives guidance on how to use IT in class. Most schools in
5007 Northern Germany do not have an IT service provider, the school's IT
5008 equipment is managed by one or (if the school is lucky) two (admin)
5009 teachers, most of the workload these admin teachers get done in there
5010 spare time.</p>
5011
5012 <p>We were surprised that only a very few admin teachers were
5013 networked with colleagues from other schools. Basically, every school
5014 here around has its individual approach of providing IT equipment to
5015 teachers and students and the exchange of ideas has been quasi
5016 non-existent until 2010/2011.</p>
5017
5018 <p>Quite some (non-admin) teachers try to avoid using IT technology in
5019 class as a learning medium completely. Several reasons for this
5020 avoidance do exist.</p>
5021
5022 <p>We discovered that no-one has ever taken a closer look at this
5023 social part of IT management in schools, so far. On our quest journey
5024 for a technical IT solution for schools, we discussed this issue with
5025 several teachers, headmasters, politicians, other IT professionals and
5026 they all confirmed: a holistic approach of considering IT management
5027 at schools, an approach that includes the people in place, will be new
5028 and probably a gain for all.</p>
5029
5030 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5031 Edu?</strong></p>
5032
5033 <p>There is a list of advantages: international context, openness to
5034 any kind of contributions, do-ocracy policy, the closeness to Debian,
5035 the different installation scenarios possible (from stand-alone
5036 workstation to complex multi-server sites), the transparency within
5037 project communication, honest communication within the group of
5038 developers, etc.</p>
5039
5040 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5041 Edu?</strong></p>
5042
5043 <p>Every coin has two sides:</p>
5044
5045 <p>Technically: <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/311188">BTS issue
5046 #311188</a>, tricky upgradability of a Debian Edu main server, network
5047 client installations on top of a plain vanilla Debian installation
5048 should become possible sometime in the near future, one could think
5049 about splitting the very complex package debian-edu-config into
5050 several portions (to make it easier for new developers to
5051 contribute).</p>
5052
5053 <p>Another issue I see is that we (as Debian Edu developers) should
5054 find out more about the network of people who do the marketing for
5055 Debian Edu / Skolelinux. There is a very active group in Germany
5056 promoting Skolelinux on the bigger Linux Days within Germany. Are
5057 there other groups like that in other countries? How can we bring
5058 these marketing people together (marketing group A with group B and
5059 all of them with the group of Debian Edu developers)? During the last
5060 meeting of the German Skolelinux group, I got the impression of people
5061 there being rather disconnected from the development department of
5062 Debian Edu / Skolelinux.</p>
5063
5064 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5065
5066 <p>For my daily business, I do not use commercial software at all.</p>
5067
5068 <p>For normal stuff I use Iceweasel/Firefox, Libreoffice.org. For
5069 serious text writing I prefer LaTeX. I use gimp, inkscape, scribus for
5070 more artistic tasks. I run virtual machines in KVM and Virtualbox.</p>
5071
5072 <p>I am one of the upstream developers of X2Go. In 2010 I started the
5073 development of a Python based X2Go Client, called PyHoca-GUI.
5074 PyHoca-GUI has brought forth a Python X2Go Client API that currently
5075 is being integrated in Ubuntu's software center.</p>
5076
5077 <p>For communications I have my own Kolab server running using Horde
5078 as web-based groupware client. For IRC I love to use irssi, for Jabber
5079 I have several clients that I use, mostly pidgin, though. I am also
5080 the Debian maintainer of Coccinella, a Jabber-based interactive
5081 whiteboard.</p>
5082
5083 <p>My favourite terminal emulator is KDE's Yakuake.</p>
5084
5085 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5086 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5087
5088 <p>Communicate, communicate, communicate. Enrol people, enrol people,
5089 enrol people.</p>
5090
5091       </div>
5092       <div class="tags">
5093
5094
5095         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5096
5097
5098       </div>
5099     </div>
5100     <div class="padding"></div>
5101
5102     <div class="entry">
5103       <div class="title">
5104         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Ralf_Gesellensetter.html">Debian Edu interview: Ralf Gesellensetter</a>
5105       </div>
5106       <div class="date">
5107         27th May 2012
5108       </div>
5109       <div class="body">
5110         <p>In 2003, a German teacher showed up on the
5111 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
5112 mailing list with interesting problems and reports proving he setting
5113 up Linux for a (for us at the time) lot of pupils.  His name was Ralf
5114 Gesellensetter, and he has been an important tester and contributor
5115 since then, helping to make sure the
5116 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
5117 Squeeze</a> release became as good as it is..</p>
5118
5119 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5120
5121 <p>I am a teacher from Germany, and my subjects are Geography,
5122 Mathematics, and Computer Science ("Informatik"). During the past 12
5123 years (since 2000), I have been working for a comprehensive (and soon,
5124 also inclusive) school leading to all kind of general levels, such as
5125 O- or A-level ("Abitur").  For quite as long, I've been taking care of
5126 our computer network.</p>
5127
5128 <p>Now, in my early 40s, I enjoy the privilege of spending a lot of my
5129 spare time together with my wife, our son (3 years) and our daughter
5130 (4 months).</p>
5131
5132 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5133 project?</strong></p>
5134
5135 <p>We had tried different Linux based school servers, when members of
5136 my local Linux User Group (LUG OWL) detected Skolelinux. I remember
5137 very well, being part of a party celebrating the Linux New Media Award
5138 ("Best Newcomer Distribution", also nominated: Ubuntu) that was given
5139 to Skolelinux at Linux World Exposition in Frankfurt, 2005 (IIRC). Few
5140 months later, I had the chance to join a developer meeting in Ulsrud
5141 (Oslo) and to hand out the award to Knut Yrvin and others.  For more
5142 than 7 years, Skolelinux is part of our schools infrastructure, namely
5143 our main server (tjener), one LTSP (today without thin clients), and
5144 approximately 50 work stations. Most of these have the option to boot a
5145 locally installed Skolelinux image.  As a consequence, I joined quite
5146 a few events dealing with free software or Linux, and met many Debian
5147 (Edu) developers. All of them seemed quite nice and competent to me,
5148 one more reason to stick to Skolelinux.</p>
5149
5150 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5151 Edu?</strong></p>
5152
5153 <p>Debian driven, you are given all the advantages of a community
5154 project including well maintained updates. Once, you are familiar with
5155 the network layout, you can easily roll out an entire educational
5156 computer infrastructure, from just one installation media. As only
5157 free software (FOSS) is used, that supports even elderly hardware,
5158 up-sizing your IT equipment is only limited by space (i.e. available
5159 labs).  Especially if you run a LTSP thin client server, your
5160 administration costs tend towards zero.</p>
5161
5162 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5163 Edu?</strong></p>
5164
5165 <p>While Debian's stability has loads of advantages for servers, this
5166 might be different in some cases for clients: Schools with unlimited
5167 budget might buy new hardware with components that are not yet
5168 supported by Debian stable, or wish to use more recent versions of
5169 office packages or desktop environments.  These schools have the
5170 option to run Debian testing or other distributions - if they have the
5171 capacity to do so.  Another issue is that Debian release cycles
5172 include a wide range of changes; therefor a high percentage of human
5173 power seems to be absorbed by just keeping the features of Skolelinux
5174 within the new setting of the version to come. During this process,
5175 the cogs of Debian Edu are getting more and more professional,
5176 i.e. harder to understand for novices.</p>
5177
5178 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5179
5180 <p>LibreOffice, Wikipedia, Openstreetmap, Iceweasel (Mozilla Firefox),
5181 KMail, Gimp, Inkscape - and of course the Linux Kernel (not only on
5182 PC, Laptop, Mobile, but also our SAT receiver)</p>
5183
5184 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5185 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5186
5187 <p><ol>
5188
5189 <li>Support computer science as regular subject in schools to make
5190 people really "own" their hardware, to make them understand the
5191 difference between proprietary software products, and free software
5192 developing.</li>
5193
5194 <li>Make budget baskets corresponding: In Germany's public schools
5195 there are more or less fixed budgets for IT equipment (including
5196 licenses), so schools won't benefit from any savings here. This
5197 privilege is left to private schools which have consequently a large
5198 share among German Skolelinux schools.</li>
5199
5200 <li>Get free software in the seminars where would-be teachers are
5201 trained. In many cases, teachers' software customs are respected by
5202 decision makers rather than the expertise of any IT experts.</li>
5203
5204 <li>Don't limit ourself to free software run natively. Everybody uses
5205 free software or free licenses (for instance Wikipedia), and this
5206 general concept should get expanded to free educational content to be
5207 shared world wide (school books e.g.).</li>
5208
5209 <li>Make clear where ever you can that the market share of free (libre)
5210 office suites is much above 20 p.c. today, and that you pupils don't
5211 need to know the "ribbon menu" in order to get employed.</li>
5212
5213 <li>Talk about the difference between freeware and free software.</li>
5214
5215 <li>Spread free software, or even collections of portable free apps
5216 for USB pen drives. Endorse students to get a legal copy of
5217 Libreoffice rather than accepting them to use illegal serials.  And
5218 keep sending documents in ODF formats.</li>
5219
5220 </ol></p>
5221
5222       </div>
5223       <div class="tags">
5224
5225
5226         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5227
5228
5229       </div>
5230     </div>
5231     <div class="padding"></div>
5232
5233     <div class="entry">
5234       <div class="title">
5235         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Alf_Tonny_B_tz.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Alf Tonny Bätz</a>
5236       </div>
5237       <div class="date">
5238         20th May 2012
5239       </div>
5240       <div class="body">
5241         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektets</a>
5242 musiker og mannen bak
5243 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Manuals/Rosegarden/">opplæringsdokumentene
5244 i Rosegarden</a>
5245 (<a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/nb/rosegarden-manual.html">norsk
5246 utgave</a>) for musikklærere, Alf Tonny Bätz, er neste mann ut i min
5247 intervjurunde av folkene bak Skolelinux-løsningen.  Jeg har kjent Alf
5248 Tonny siden vi møttes som barn på påskefjellet i Ofoten, og ble
5249 gledelig overrasket da han dukket opp i Skolelinux-prosjektet etter å
5250 ikke ha sett noe til ham på mange år.</p>
5251
5252 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
5253
5254 <p>Jeg er utdannet kokk av yrke, og har utøvet yrket i 12 år.  Men
5255 etter at ryggen sa takk før seg, studerte jeg nettverksadministrasjon
5256 ved Næringsakademiet i Bergen årene 2008-2009 slik at jeg kunne
5257 forfølge en av mine største interesser - data.  Til daglig jobber jeg
5258 ved <a href="http://www.narvikskolen.no/parken/">Parken
5259 ungdomsskole</a> med å drifte skolens PC-er. Har også litt
5260 musikkundervisning.</p>
5261
5262 <p>Mitt mål er å bevisstgjøre musikklærene mulighetene med de frie
5263 programmene som finnes i Skolelinux, blant annet Rosegarden.</p>
5264
5265 <p>Har i mange år drevet med musikk og en av grunnen til at Rosegarden
5266 falt i smak for min del, var fordi denne fungere og ligner mest på
5267 Windows-programmet (cubase) jeg jobbet mye med da jeg i mine yngre
5268 dager var «Windows fanatiker».  Ble introdusert til Linux av en kompis
5269 av meg for omtrent 14 år siden, og har bare blitt mer og mer glad i
5270 dette operativsystemet.</p>
5271
5272 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
5273
5274 <p>Da jeg ble sykemeldt fra min gamle jobb, og måtte omskoleres,
5275 havnet jeg i 2007 sammen med Viggo Fedreheim på IKT-avdelingen i
5276 Narvik kommune, der ble jeg for første gang introdusert til
5277 Skolelinuxprosjektet.</p>
5278
5279 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5280
5281 <p>Skolelinux er enkelt å holde i drift og masse flotte programmer som
5282 geogebra, ktouch og kgeografi følger med pakken.  Man kan ta i bruk
5283 gamle PC-er igjen, slik at skoler med dårlig råd får opp en brukbar
5284 PC-park.  PC-er som er ca 6-9 år gamle fungere tilfredstillende, bare
5285 de har 512 MB RAM eller mer.</p>
5286
5287 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5288
5289 <p>Ulempene er at noen av de pedagogiske programmene som lærene ønsker
5290 å bruke fungere dårlig med Linux.  Mye pga. av at disse programmene
5291 blir ikke laget til Linuxbaserte operativsystemer.</p>
5292
5293 <p>Video- og bilde-redigering har dessverre en del mangler, mange av
5294 programmene har en tendens til og krasje.  Det gjelder blant annet
5295 <a href="http://www.kdenlive.org/">kdenlive</a> og
5296 <a href="http://www.openshotvideo.com/">openshot</a>, for å nevne
5297 noen.  De er ikke stabile nok.  Når elevene kommer med filmsnutter de
5298 ønsker og jobbe med, så godtar ikke programmene filene, og når elevene
5299 jobber med redigering bare krasjer programmene uten forvarsel.  Det er
5300 for vanskelig å få noe som bare fungerer ut av boksen her. Når en elev
5301 plugger inn et videokamera eller fotoapparat så er det alltid noe som
5302 ikke vil fungere.  Programmene godtar ikke format, godtar ikke
5303 kameraet, osv., osv. Det er dessverre med på og dra ned en positiv
5304 opplevelse av bruk av fri programvare.</p>
5305
5306 <p>Man må ofte bruke flere en et video redigerings program før og få
5307 fullført en ønsket oppgave.</p>
5308
5309 <p>Eksempel:</p>
5310
5311 <p>Hvis det ene programmet ikke vil ta i mot videofilen klarer et
5312 annet det, men det programmet som klarer det kan ikke gjøre de samme
5313 oppgavene som det programmet som ikke ville ta i mot filen,
5314 Tilsvarende er det med foto, man må bruke flere programmer for å få
5315 et ferdig resultat. Til dags dato har jeg enda ikke funnet et video-
5316 og fotoprogram som kan tilfredstillende fullføre en oppgave.</p>
5317
5318 <p>Så man kan klare og fullføre en oppgave, men i verste fall må man
5319 innom 3-4 programmer for å få det til.  Så jeg har enda ikke til dags
5320 dato sett at et program fungere 100% til alt.</p>
5321
5322 <p>Det programmet jeg har best erfaring til er
5323 <a href="http://cinelerra.org/">cinelerra</a>, men dessverre har det
5324 også tendenser og krasje av og til uten grunn.</p>
5325
5326 Lydsystemet kan også være et mareritt.  Konkret snakker jeg om når du
5327 bruker for eksempel et smartboard, så følger det med USB-lydkort på
5328 disse.  Problemet ligger her i at systemet ikke vil velge rett
5329 lydkort, så man må inn med padevchooser for å sette opp PulseAudio
5330 til og velge at USB-lydkortet skal brukes.  Det blir for tungvindt for
5331 lærene, de ønsker at ting skal fungere med en gang. (min løsning på
5332 det problemet ble at jeg måtte deaktivere lydkortet som fantes på
5333 maskinen) men da må man bestandig slå på smartboard-tavla.
5334
5335 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
5336
5337 Programmene jeg bruker mest av er: Rosegarden, jack, qsynth, audacity,
5338 k3b, openttd og libreoffice.
5339
5340 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
5341 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
5342
5343 Jeg tror det må bevisstgjøring av Skolene til, dvs. reklamere høylytt
5344 og fortelle og vise de andre skolene at frie programvarer faktisk
5345 fungere.  Jeg trur faktisk mange ikke vet at det finnes frie
5346 alternativer.
5347
5348       </div>
5349       <div class="tags">
5350
5351
5352         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5353
5354
5355       </div>
5356     </div>
5357     <div class="padding"></div>
5358
5359     <div class="entry">
5360       <div class="title">
5361         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__J_rgen_Leibner.html">Debian Edu interview: Jürgen Leibner</a>
5362       </div>
5363       <div class="date">
5364         13th May 2012
5365       </div>
5366       <div class="body">
5367         <p>It has been a few busy weeks for me, but I am finally back to
5368 publish another interview with the people behind
5369 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>.
5370 This time it is one of our German developers, who have helped out over the
5371 years to make sure both a lot of major but also a lot of the minor
5372 details get right before release.
5373
5374 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5375
5376 <p>My name is Jürgen Leibner, I'm 49 years old and living in
5377 Bielefeld, a town in northern Germany.  I worked nearly 20 years as
5378 certified engineer in the department for plant design and layout of an
5379 international company for machinery and equipment.  Since 2011 I'm a
5380 certified technical writer (tekom e.V.) and doing technical
5381 documentations for a steam turbine manufacturer.  From April this year
5382 I will manage the department of technical documentation at a
5383 manufacturer of automation and assembly line engineering.</p>
5384
5385 <p>My first contact with linux was around 1993. Since that time I used
5386 it at work and at home repeatedly but not exclusively as I do now at
5387 home since 2006.</p>
5388
5389 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5390 project?</strong></p>
5391
5392 <p>Once a day in the early year of 2001 when I wanted to fetch my
5393 daughter from primary school, there was a teacher sitting in the
5394 middle of 20 old computers trying to boot them and he failed. I helped
5395 him to get them booting. That was seen by the school director and she
5396 asked me if I would like to manage that the school gets all that old
5397 computers in use. I answered: "Yes".</p>
5398
5399 <p>Some weeks later every of the 10 classrooms had one computer
5400 running Windows98. I began to collect old computers and equipment as
5401 gifts and installed the first computer room with a peer-to-peer
5402 network. I did my work at school without being payed in my spare time
5403 and with a lot of fun.  About one year later the school was connected
5404 to Internet and a local area network was installed in the school
5405 building.  That was the time to have a server and I knew it must be a
5406 Linux server to be able to fulfil all the wishes of the teachers and
5407 being able to do this in a transparent and economic way, without extra
5408 costs for things like licence and software.  So I searched for a
5409 school server system running under Linux and I found a couple of
5410 people nearby who founded 'skolelinux.de'. It was the Skolelinux
5411 prerelease 32 I first tried out for being used at the school.  I
5412 managed the IT of that school until the municipal authority took over
5413 the IT management and centralised the services for all schools in
5414 Bielefeld in December of 2006.</p>
5415
5416 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5417 Edu?</strong></p>
5418
5419 <p>When I'm looking back to the beginning, there were other advantages
5420 for me as today.</p>
5421
5422 <p>In the past there were advantages like:</p>
5423
5424 <p><ul>
5425
5426 <li>I don't need to buy it so it generates no costs to the school as
5427 they had little money to spent for computers and software.</li>
5428
5429 <li>It has a licence which grands all rights to use it without
5430 cost.</li>
5431
5432 <li>It was more able to fit all requirements of a server system for
5433 schools than a Microsoft server system, even if there are only Windows
5434 clients because of it's preconfigured overall concept of being a
5435 infrastructure solution and community for schools, not only a
5436 server</li>
5437
5438 <li>I was able to configure the server to the needs of the
5439 school.</li>
5440
5441 </ul></p>
5442
5443 <p>Today some of the advantages has been lost, changed or new ones
5444 came up in this way:</p>
5445
5446 <p><ul>
5447
5448 <li>Most schools here do have money to buy hardware and software
5449 now.</li>
5450
5451 <li>They are today mostly managed from central IT departments which
5452 have own concepts which often do not fit to Debian Edu concepts
5453 because they are to close to Microsoft ideology.</li>
5454
5455 <li>With the Squeeze version of Debian Edu which now uses GOsa² for
5456 management I feel more able to manage the daily tasks than with the
5457 interfaces used in the past.</li>
5458
5459 <li>It is more modular than in the past and fits even better to the
5460 different needs.</li>
5461
5462 <li>The documentation is usable and gets better every day.</li>
5463
5464 <li>More people than ever before are using Debian Edu all over the
5465 world and so the community, which is an very important part I think,
5466 is sharing knowledge and minds.</li>
5467
5468 <li>Most, maybe all, of the technical requirements for schools are
5469 solved today by Debian Edu. </li>
5470
5471 </ul></p>
5472
5473 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5474 Edu?</strong></p>
5475
5476 <p><ul>
5477
5478 <li>There are too few IT companies able to integrate Debian Edu into
5479 their product portfolio for serving schools with concepts or even
5480 whole municipality areas.</li>
5481
5482 <li>Debian Edu has beside other free and open software projects not
5483 enough lobbyists which promote free and open software to
5484 politicians.</li>
5485
5486 <li>Technically there are no disadvantages I'm aware of.</li>
5487
5488 </ul></p>
5489
5490 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5491
5492 <p>I use Debian stable on my home server and on my little desktop
5493 computer. On my laptop I use Debian testing/sid. The applications I
5494 use on my laptop and my desktop are Open/Libre-office, Iceweasel,
5495 KMail, DigiKam, Amarok, Dolphin, okular and all the other programs I
5496 need from the KDE environment.  On console I use newsbeuter, mutt,
5497 screen, irssi and all the other famous and useful tools.</p>
5498
5499 <p>My home server provides mail services with exim, dovecot, roundcube
5500 and mutt over ssh on the console, file services with samba, NFS,
5501 rsync, web services with apache, moinmoin-wiki, multimedia services
5502 with gallery2 and mediatomb and database services with MySQL for me
5503 and the whole family.  I probably forgot something.</p>
5504
5505 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5506 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5507
5508 <p>I believe, we should provide concepts for IT companies to integrate
5509 Debian Edu into their product portfolio with use cases for different
5510 countries and areas all over the world.</p>
5511
5512       </div>
5513       <div class="tags">
5514
5515
5516         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5517
5518
5519       </div>
5520     </div>
5521     <div class="padding"></div>
5522
5523     <div class="entry">
5524       <div class="title">
5525         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Forskning___GPL_gir_lokal_frihet_og_kontroll_gjennom_omfordeling_av_makt_fra_produsent_til_bruker_.html">Forskning: "GPL gir lokal frihet og kontroll gjennom omfordeling av makt fra produsent til bruker"</a>
5526       </div>
5527       <div class="date">
5528         15th April 2012
5529       </div>
5530       <div class="body">
5531         <p>Da jeg googlet etter noe annet kom jeg tilfeldigvis over
5532 <a href="http://www.duo.uio.no/sok/work.html?WORKID=58309">en
5533 hovedfagsoppgave</a> ved Universitetet i Oslo som diskuterer verdien
5534 av GPLs fire friheter for brukerne av IT-systemer.  Jeg ble fascinert
5535 over det som presenteres der.  Her er sammendraget:</p>
5536
5537 <p><blockquote>
5538
5539 <p>Motivasjonen til å skrive denne oppgaven er en personlig undring
5540 over hvorfor det primært, og ofte eksklusivt, fokuseres på det
5541 økonomiske aspektet ved utredninger om fri programvare er et godt valg
5542 for det offentlige. Fri og produsenteid programvare bygger på
5543 fundamentalt forskjellige ideologier som kan ha implikasjoner utover
5544 økonomiske kostnader. Kunnskapskulturen som er med på å definere fri
5545 programvare er basert på åpenhet, og er en verdi i seg selv.</p>
5546
5547 <p>Oppgavens tema er programvarelisensen GPL og frihet. GPL-lisensiert
5548 programvare gir visse friheter i forhold til produsenteid
5549 programvare. Mitt spørsmål er om, og eventuelt i hvilken utstrekning,
5550 disse frihetene blir benyttet av ulike brukere og hvordan de
5551 manifesterer seg for disse brukerne. Sentrale spørsmål i oppgaven
5552 er:</p>
5553
5554 <ul>
5555 <li>Hvordan fordeles handlekraft gjennom lisensieringen av programvaren?</li>
5556 <li>Hvilke konsekvenser har programvarelisensen for de ulike brukere? </li>
5557 </ul>
5558
5559 <p>Fri programvare gir blant annet brukeren mulighet til å studere og
5560 modifisere kildekoden. Denne formen for frihet erverves gjennom
5561 kunnskap og krever at brukeren også er en ekspert. Hva skjer med
5562 frihetene til GPL når sluttbrukeren er en annen? Dette diskuteres i
5563 dialog med informantene.</p>
5564
5565 <p>Jeg har i denne oppgaven samlet inn intervjudata fra IKT-ansvarlige
5566 ved grunnskolene i Nittedal kommune, driftsansvarlig og IKT-veilederen
5567 for skolene i kommunen, samt IKT-koordinator for utdanning i Akershus
5568 fylkeskommune og bokmåloversettere av OpenOffice.org. Den empiriske
5569 delen av oppgaven er delt inn i to seksjoner; den første omhandler
5570 operativsystemet Skolelinux, den andre kontorprogrampakken
5571 OpenOffice.org.</p>
5572
5573 <p>Som vi vil se gir GPL lokal frihet og kontroll gjennom omfordeling
5574 av makt fra produsent til bruker. Brukerens makt analyseres gjennom
5575 begrepene brukermedvirkning og handlingsfrihet. Det blir også lagt
5576 vekt på strukturelle forhold rundt bruken av teknologi, og spesielt de
5577 økonomiske begrepene nettverkseksternaliteter, innlåsing og
5578 stiavhengighet. Dette er begreper av spesiell nytte når objektet som
5579 omsettes eller distribueres er et kommunikasjonsprodukt, fordi verdien
5580 til et slikt gode for en potensiell bruker avhenger av antall
5581 eksisterende brukere av godet. I tilknytning til denne problematikken
5582 inneholder oppgaven også en diskusjon rundt åpne standarder og
5583 formater.</p>
5584
5585 <p>Oppgaven konkluderer med at de «fire frihetene» som GPL-lisensen er
5586 laget for å beskytte er av avgjørende betydning for bruken av
5587 OpenOffice.org og Skolelinux, i Akershus fylkeskommune såvel som i
5588 skolene i Nittedal. Distribusjonen av handlekraft er ikke helt
5589 symmetrisk. Det er først og fremst de profesjonelle utviklerne i
5590 Skolelinux som direkte kan nyttiggjøre seg friheten til å endre kode,
5591 mens en sluttbruker som Nittedal kommune nyttiggjør seg den økonomiske
5592 friheten til å kunne distribuere programmene. Det er imidlertid også
5593 slik at ingen aktør klarer seg uten alle disse «frihetene».</p>
5594 </blockquote></p>
5595
5596 <p>Jeg fant også en masteroppgave fra 2006, men der ligger ikke
5597 komplett oppgave tilgjengelig.  På tide å holde et øye med
5598 <a href="http://www.duo.uio.no/sok/search.html?q=skolelinux">Skolelinux-søket</a>
5599 til DUO...</p>
5600
5601
5602       </div>
5603       <div class="tags">
5604
5605
5606         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5607
5608
5609       </div>
5610     </div>
5611     <div class="padding"></div>
5612
5613     <div class="entry">
5614       <div class="title">
5615         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Andreas_Mundt.html">Debian Edu interview: Andreas Mundt</a>
5616       </div>
5617       <div class="date">
5618         15th April 2012
5619       </div>
5620       <div class="body">
5621         <p>Behind <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
5622 Skolelinux</a> there are a lot of people doing the hard work of
5623 setting together all the pieces.  This time I present to you Andreas
5624 Mundt, who have been part of the technical development team several
5625 years.  He was also a key contributor in getting GOsa and Kerberos set
5626 up in the recently released
5627 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">Debian
5628 Edu Squeeze</a> version.</p>
5629
5630 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5631
5632 <p>My name is Andreas Mundt, I grew up in south Germany.  After
5633 studying Physics I spent several years at university doing research in
5634 Quantum Optics.  After that I worked some years in an optics company.
5635 Finally I decided to turn over a new leaf in my life and started
5636 teaching 10 to 19 years old kids at school.  I teach math, physics,
5637 information technology and science/technology.</p>
5638
5639 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5640 project?</strong></p>
5641
5642 <p>Already before I switched to teaching, I followed the Debian Edu
5643 project because of my interest in education and Debian.  Within the
5644 qualification/training period for the teaching, I started
5645 contributing.</p>
5646
5647 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5648 Edu?</strong></p>
5649
5650 <p>The advantages of Debian Edu are the well known name, the
5651 out-of-the-box philosophy and of course the great free software of the
5652 Debian Project!</p>
5653
5654 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5655 Edu?</strong></p>
5656
5657 <p>As every coin has two sides, the out-of-the-box philosophy has its
5658 downside, too.  In my opinion, it is hard to modify and tweak the
5659 setup, if you need or want that.  Further more, it is not easily
5660 possible to upgrade the system to a new release.  It takes much too
5661 long after a Debian release to prepare the -Edu release, perhaps
5662 because the number of developers working on the core of the code is
5663 rather small and often busy elsewhere.</p>
5664
5665 <p>The <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianLAN">Debian LAN</a>
5666 project might fill the use case of a more flexible system.</p>
5667
5668 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5669
5670 <p>I am only using non-free software if I am forced to and run Debian
5671 on all my machines.  For documents I prefer LaTeX and PGF/TikZ, then
5672 mutt and iceweasel for email respectively web browsing.  At school I
5673 have Arduino and Fritzing in use for a micro controller project.</p>
5674
5675 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5676 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5677
5678 <p>One of the major problems is the vendor lock-in from top to bottom:
5679 Especially in combination with ignorant government employees and
5680 politicians, this works out great for the "market-leader".  The school
5681 administration here in Baden-Wuerttemberg is occupied by that vendor.
5682 Documents have to be prepared in non-free, proprietary formats.  Even
5683 free browsers do not work for the school administration.  Publishers
5684 of school books provide software only for proprietary platforms.</p>
5685
5686 <p>To change this, political work is very important.  Parts of the
5687 political spectrum have become aware of the problem in the last years.
5688 However it takes quite some time and courageous politicians to 'free'
5689 the system.  There is currently some discussion about "Open Data" and
5690 "Free/Open Standards".  I am not sure if all the involved parties have
5691 a clue about the potential of these ideas, and probably only a
5692 fraction takes them seriously.  However it might slowly make free
5693 software and the philosophy behind it more known and popular.</p>
5694
5695       </div>
5696       <div class="tags">
5697
5698
5699         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5700
5701
5702       </div>
5703     </div>
5704     <div class="padding"></div>
5705
5706     <div class="entry">
5707       <div class="title">
5708         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Justin_B__Rye.html">Debian Edu interview: Justin B. Rye</a>
5709       </div>
5710       <div class="date">
5711          8th April 2012
5712       </div>
5713       <div class="body">
5714         <p>It take all kind of contributions to create a Linux distribution
5715 like <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>,
5716 and this time I lend the ear to Justin B. Rye, who is listed as a big
5717 contributor to the
5718 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">Debian
5719 Edu Squeeze release manual</a>.
5720
5721 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5722
5723 <p>I'm a 44-year-old linguistics graduate living in Edinburgh who has
5724 occasionally been employed as a sysadmin.</p>
5725
5726 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5727 project?</strong></p>
5728
5729 <p>I'm neither a developer nor a Skolelinux/Debian Edu user!  The only
5730 reason my name's in the credits for the documentation is that I hang
5731 around on debian-l10n-english waiting for people to mention things
5732 they'd like a native English speaker to proofread...  So I did a sweep
5733 through the wiki for typos and Norglish and inconsistent spellings of
5734 "localisation".</p>
5735
5736 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5737 Edu?</strong></p>
5738
5739 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5740 Edu?</strong></p>
5741
5742 <p>These questions are too hard for me - I don't use it!  In fact I
5743 had hardly any contact with I.T. until long after I'd got out of the
5744 education system.</p>
5745
5746 <p>I can tell you the advantages of Debian for me though: it soaks up
5747 as much of my free time as I want and no more, and lets me do
5748 everything I want a computer for without ever forcing me to spend
5749 money on the latest hardware.</p>
5750
5751 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5752
5753 <p>I've been using Debian since Rex; popularity-contest says the
5754 software that I use most is xinit, xterm, and xulrunner (in other
5755 words, I use a distinctly retro sort of desktop).</p>
5756
5757 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5758 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5759
5760 <p>Well, I don't know.  I suppose I'd be inclined to try reasoning
5761 with the people who make the decisions, but obviously if that worked
5762 you would hardly need a strategy.</p>
5763
5764       </div>
5765       <div class="tags">
5766
5767
5768         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5769
5770
5771       </div>
5772     </div>
5773     <div class="padding"></div>
5774
5775     <div class="entry">
5776       <div class="title">
5777         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_the_KDE_menu_is_slow_when__usr__is_NFS_mounted___and_a_workaround.html">Why the KDE menu is slow when /usr/ is NFS mounted - and a workaround</a>
5778       </div>
5779       <div class="date">
5780          6th April 2012
5781       </div>
5782       <div class="body">
5783         <p>Recently I have spent time with
5784 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a> on speeding
5785 up a <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
5786 Lenny installation using LTSP diskless workstations, and in the
5787 process I discovered something very surprising.  The reason the KDE
5788 menu was responding slow when using it for the first time, was mostly
5789 due to the way KDE find application icons.  I discovered that showing
5790 the Multimedia menu would cause more than 20 000 IP packages to be
5791 passed between the LTSP client and the NFS server.  Most of these were
5792
5793 NFS LOOKUP calls, resulting in a NFS3ERR_NOENT response.  Because the
5794 ping times between the client and the server were in the range 2-20
5795 ms, the menus would be very slow.  Looking at the strace of kicker in
5796 Lenny (or plasma-desktop i Squeeze - same problem there), I see that
5797 the source of these NFS calls are access(2) system calls for
5798 non-existing files.  KDE can do hundreds of access(2) calls to find
5799 one icon file.  In my example, just finding the mplayer icon required
5800 around 230 access(2) calls.</p>
5801
5802 <p>The KDE code seem to search for icons using a list of icon
5803 directories, and the list of possible directories is large.  In
5804 (almost) each directory, it look for files ending in .png, .svgz, .svg
5805 and .xpm.  The result is a very slow KDE menu when /usr/ is NFS
5806 mounted.  Showing a single sub menu may result in thousands of NFS
5807 requests.  I am not the first one to discover this.  I found a
5808 <a href="https://bugs.kde.org/show_bug.cgi?id=211416">KDE bug report
5809 from 2009</a> about this problem, and it is still unsolved.</p>
5810
5811 <p>My solution to speed up the KDE menu was to create a package
5812 kde-icon-cache that upon installation will look at all .desktop files
5813 used to generate the KDE menu, find their icons, search the icon paths
5814 for the file that KDE will end up finding at run time, and copying the
5815 icon file to /var/lib/kde-icon-cache/.  Finally, I add symlinks to
5816 these icon files in one of the first directories where KDE will look
5817 for them.  This cut down the number of file accesses required to find
5818 one icon from several hundred to less than 5, and make the KDE menu
5819 almost instantaneous.  I'm not quite sure where to make the package
5820 publicly available, so for now it is only available on request.</p>
5821
5822 <p>The bug report mention that this do not only affect the KDE menu
5823 and icon handling, but also the login process.  Not quite sure how to
5824 speed up that part without replacing NFS with for example NBD, and
5825 that is not really an option at the moment.</p>
5826
5827 <p>If you got feedback on this issue, please let us know on debian-edu
5828 (at) lists.debian.org.</p>
5829
5830       </div>
5831       <div class="tags">
5832
5833
5834         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5835
5836
5837       </div>
5838     </div>
5839     <div class="padding"></div>
5840
5841     <div class="entry">
5842       <div class="title">
5843         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_in_the_Linux_Weekly_News.html">Debian Edu in the Linux Weekly News</a>
5844       </div>
5845       <div class="date">
5846          5th April 2012
5847       </div>
5848       <div class="body">
5849         <p>About two weeks ago, I was interviewed via email about
5850 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a> by
5851 Bruce Byfield in Linux Weekly News.  The result was made public for
5852 non-subscribers today.  I am pleased to see liked our Linux solution
5853 for schools.  Check out his article
5854 <a href="https://lwn.net/Articles/488805/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux: A
5855 distribution for education</a> if you want to learn more.</p>
5856
5857       </div>
5858       <div class="tags">
5859
5860
5861         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5862
5863
5864       </div>
5865     </div>
5866     <div class="padding"></div>
5867
5868     <div class="entry">
5869       <div class="title">
5870         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Wolfgang_Schweer.html">Debian Edu interview: Wolfgang Schweer</a>
5871       </div>
5872       <div class="date">
5873          1st April 2012
5874       </div>
5875       <div class="body">
5876         <p>Germany is a core area for the
5877 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
5878 user community, and this time I managed to get hold of Wolfgang
5879 Schweer, a valuable contributor to the project from Germany.
5880
5881 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5882
5883 <p>I've studied Mathematics at the university 'Ruhr-Universität' in
5884 Bochum, Germany. Since 1981 I'm working as a teacher at the school
5885 "<a href="http://www.westfalenkolleg-dortmund.de/">Westfalen-Kolleg
5886 Dortmund</a>", a second chance school.  Here, young adults is given
5887 the opportunity to get further education in order to do the school
5888 examination 'Abitur', which will allow to study at a university. This
5889 second chance is of value for those who want a better job perspective
5890 or failed to get a higher school examination being teens.</p>
5891
5892 <p>Besides teaching I was involved in developing online courses for a
5893 blended learning project called 'abitur-online.nrw' and in some other
5894 information technology related projects. For about ten years I've been
5895 teacher and coordinator for the 'abitur-online' project at my
5896 school. Being now in my early sixties, I've decided to leave school at
5897 the end of April this year.</p>
5898
5899 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5900 project?</strong></p>
5901
5902 <p>The first information about Skolelinux must have come to my
5903 attention years ago and somehow related to LTSP (Linux Terminal Server
5904 Project).  At school, we had set up a network at the beginning of 1997
5905 using Suse Linux on the desktop, replacing a Novell network. Since
5906 2002, we used old machines from the city council of Dortmund as thin
5907 clients (LTSP, later Ubuntu/Lessdisks) cause new hardware was out of
5908 reach. At home I'm using Debian since years and - subscribed to the
5909 Debian news letter - heard from time to time about Skolelinux. About
5910 two years ago I proposed to replace the (somehow undocumented and only
5911 known to me) system at school by a well known Debian based system:
5912 Skolelinux.</p>
5913
5914 <p>Students and teachers appreciated the new system because of a
5915 better look and feel and an enhanced access to local media on thin
5916 clients.  The possibility to alter and/or reset passwords using a GUI
5917 was welcomed, too. Being able to do administrative tasks using a GUI
5918 and to easily set up workstations using PXE was of very high value for
5919 the admin teachers.</p>
5920
5921 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5922 Edu?</strong></p>
5923
5924 <p>It's open source, easy to set up, stable and flexible due to it's
5925 Debian base. It integrates LTSP out-of-the-box. And it is documented!
5926 So it was a perfect choice.</p>
5927
5928 <p>Being open source, there are no license problems and so it's
5929 possible to point teachers and students to programs like
5930 OpenOffice.org, ViewYourMind (mind mapping) and The Gimp.  It's of
5931 high value to be able to adapt parts of the system to special needs of
5932 a school and to choose where to get support for this.</p>
5933
5934 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5935 Edu?</strong></p>
5936
5937 <p>Nothing yet.</p>
5938
5939 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5940
5941 <p>At home (Debian Sid with Gnome Desktop): Iceweasel, LibreOffice,
5942 Mutt, Gedit, Document Viewer, Midnight Commander, flpsed (PDF
5943 Annotator).  At school (Skolelinux Lenny): Iceweasel, Gedit,
5944 LibreOffice.</p>
5945
5946 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5947 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5948
5949 <p>Some time ago I thought it was enough to tell people about it. But
5950 that doesn't seem to work quite well. Now I concentrate on those more
5951 interested and hope to get multiplicators that way.</p>
5952
5953       </div>
5954       <div class="tags">
5955
5956
5957         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5958
5959
5960       </div>
5961     </div>
5962     <div class="padding"></div>
5963
5964     <div class="entry">
5965       <div class="title">
5966         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html">Linux-skoler har høyere PC-tetthet enn landsgjennomsnittet - pressemelding fra FRiSK</a>
5967       </div>
5968       <div class="date">
5969         30th March 2012
5970       </div>
5971       <div class="body">
5972         <p>I dag har <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no">FRiSK</a>
5973 sendt ut følgende pressemelding basert på mine beregninger av
5974 PC-tetthet på Linux-skoler:</p>
5975
5976 <p><strong>Linux-skoler har høyere PC-tetthet enn
5977 landsgjennomsnittet</strong></p>
5978
5979 <p>Oslo, 30 Mars 2012</p>
5980
5981 <p>Det er store forskjeller på skolenes digitale tilstand, viser
5982 undersøkelsen Monitor 2011 som er laget på oppdrag fra
5983 Kunnskapsdepartementet. Dette har ført til debatt om PC-tilgangen i
5984 skolen, og om de med Linux i skolen gjør det bedre bedre eller
5985 dårligere enn snittet i landet.</p>
5986
5987 <p>Nå har vi tallene. Skoler med Linux har 36% større PC-tetthet en
5988 landsgjennomsnittet. På spørsmål hvorfor skoler med Linux har større
5989 PC-tetthet, observerer Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken som er IKT-konsulent i
5990 Nord-Odal:</p>
5991
5992 <p><blockquote>"Vi erfarer at klienter med Skolelinux har god funksjon
5993 til de er 8 til 10 år gamle. Dette er omtrent dobbelt så lenge som
5994 andre løsninger, og skolene får mer datautstyr for
5995 pengene."</blockquote></p>
5996
5997 <p>Undersøkelsen baserer seg på 56 skoler som har gjort det offentlig
5998 at de kjører Skolelinux eller annen Linux-utgave. De kan også ha PC-er
5999 med Windows i skolenettet. Når en sammenligner PC-tetthetene på
6000 skolene i kommunene Flora, Harstad, Kongsvinger, Narvik, Nittedal,
6001 Nord-Odal og Randaberg, er det i snitt 2,28 elev pr. PC på skolene med
6002 Linux. På landsbasis er det 3.11 elev per PC i grunnskolen, i følge
6003 side 95 i Monitor-rapporten for 2011. Målingen viser dermed 36% større
6004 PC-tetthet i skoler med Linux.</p>
6005
6006 <p><strong>Om Skolelinux/Debian Edu</strong></p>
6007
6008 <p>Skolelinux har til hensikt å gi alle barn full tilgang til
6009 skoleaktuelle dataprogram på sitt eget morsmål. Derfor følger det med
6010 godt over 100 skoleaktuelle programmene laget for læring. De fleste
6011 programmene er oversatt til over 50 språk. Elevene skal også kunne
6012 studere alle sider av dataprogrammene. Derfor følger også kildekode
6013 med. Elever med interesse kan lære av eksperter som har laget
6014 systemet. Dette med enkelt programmering i læreprogram som KTurtle,
6015 til profesjonelle verktøy som Qt Creator eller Java.</p>
6016
6017 <p>Skolelinux er laget for sentralisert drift, der alt teknisk
6018 administrasjon av alle skolene kan gjøres sentralt fra kommunehuset
6019 eller sentralt i en region.  F.eks. drifter to-tre personer 70.000
6020 skoledatamaskiner på 200 skoler i delstaten Extremadura i
6021 Spania. Etter velykket bruk av Debian Edu i skolen, legger delstaten
6022 over til Debian på 40.000 datamaskiner i administrasjonen. Det er idag
6023 mange selskap som tilbyr profesjonell støtte til innføring og drift i
6024 Norge og verden.</p>
6025
6026 <p><strong>Om FRiSK</strong></p>
6027
6028 <p>Medlemsforeningen Fri Programvare i Skolen organiserer
6029 dugnadsprosjektet som står bak Skolelinux.</p>
6030
6031 <p><strong>Kontaktperson</strong></p>
6032
6033 <p>Knut Yrvin</p>
6034
6035 <p>Leder av Fri Programvare i Skolen (FRISK)</p>
6036
6037 <p>Epost: knuty at skolelinux.no
6038 <br>Mobil: +47 93 479 561</p>
6039
6040 <p><strong>Referanser</strong></p>
6041
6042 <p><ul>
6043
6044  <li><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">http://www.skolelinux.org/</a></li>
6045  <li><a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/</a></li>
6046  <li><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Download">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Download</a></li>
6047  <li><a href="https://www.wis.no/gsi">https://www.wis.no/gsi</a></li>
6048  <li><a href="http://iktsenteret.no/sites/iktsenteret.no/files/attachments/monitor2011.pdf">http://iktsenteret.no/sites/iktsenteret.no/files/attachments/monitor2011.pdf</a></li>
6049  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html</a></li>
6050  <li><a href="https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/linuxiskolen/2012-March/018500.html">https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/linuxiskolen/2012-March/018500.html</a></li>
6051
6052 </ul></p>
6053
6054       </div>
6055       <div class="tags">
6056
6057
6058         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6059
6060
6061       </div>
6062     </div>
6063     <div class="padding"></div>
6064
6065     <div class="entry">
6066       <div class="title">
6067         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Roy_Arne_Myhre.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Roy-Arne Myhre</a>
6068       </div>
6069       <div class="date">
6070         28th March 2012
6071       </div>
6072       <div class="body">
6073         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
6074 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi
6075 denne gangen høre fra en IKT-ansvarlig som har brukt Skolelinux i
6076 mange år, og vært storfornøyd med erfaringene så langt.</p>
6077
6078 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6079
6080 <p>Mitt navn er Roy-Arne Myhre og jeg er 42 år.  Jeg er ansatt hos
6081 <a href="http://www.sandskole.no/">Sand skole</a> (Balsfjord kommune)
6082 og har stort sett vært det siden 1990.  Jeg er IKT ansvarlig ved
6083 skolen i 40% stilling – 10% undervisning – musikk.</p>
6084
6085 <p>Ved skolen er det ca 100 elever og ca 18 lærere + 4 assistenter i
6086 hele og delte stillinger. Alle lærerne har bærbar PC (dessverre med
6087 Win Vista) – assistenter har tilgang til egne. Vi benytter Fronter i
6088 det daglige arbeidet.  Vi har ca 90 elevmaskiner som fungerer til
6089 daglig opp mot Linux server (XFCE) som driftes av
6090 <a href="http://www.bzz.no/">BzzWare AS</a> via nett. Maskinparken
6091 består kun av brukt utstyr for elevene – og noe av dette begynner å
6092 bli vel gammelt selv som halvtykke klienter.</p>
6093
6094 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med
6095 Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6096
6097 <p>Vi kom første gang i kontakt med Skolelinux rundt 1997. Den gang
6098 var det oppstart-disketter i hver maskin, ikke mulighet for lyd og
6099 video, gamle nettverkskort og mye plundring.  Vi hadde en ihuga
6100 forelder med som pådriver, forsker og inspirator for hele opplegget.
6101 Selv ante jeg knapt at Skolelinux fantes, men han var av den
6102 utforskende typen, og fikk både meg og skolelederen i trua på at dette
6103 var ting som kunne fungere.  Etter dette har det gått gradvis
6104 framover; flere maskiner er hentet inn gjennom bl.a
6105 <a href="http://www.greentech.no/">Greentech</a> og utrangert utstyr
6106 fra høgskole / Avinor og private givere. Når maskinene ble for trege
6107 for nye Windows-versjoner, sto vi klare til å putte dem i nettverket
6108 vårt.  Dette betyr at vi i dag har 1:1 dekning av maskiner på
6109 ungdomstrinnet og bedre enn 1:2 på barnetrinnet. Dette er vi veldig
6110 fornøyd med, og vi kan ikke se for oss hverdagen som ville vært
6111 alternativet ved bruk av Windows med sine lisenser pr. Bruker/maskin.
6112 Da ville vi nok vært tilbake til 1-2 maskiner pr klasserom med de
6113 negative konsekvenser det ville hatt for undervisningsformene våre. Vi
6114 kan ha en hel klasse i prosjektjobbing eller individuell jobbing
6115 samtidig – vi kan avholde tentamen og eksamen uten
6116 logistikkproblemer.</p>
6117
6118 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6119
6120 Hvor skal jeg begynne... Stabiliteten er et nøkkelord - det bare
6121 virker.  Har du først fått en server med Skolelinux opp og gå, så må
6122 det en maskinarefeil eller sabotasje til for å stoppe den.  Det at man
6123 kan bruke eldre maskiner som normalt sett ville gått på dynga, er også
6124 glimrende - billig for skoler med dårlig økonomi og bra for miljøet
6125 siden vi gjenbruker utstyr i stedet for å skaffe nytt. Vi ville aldri
6126 hatt mulighet til å operere med det maskinantallet vi har pr i dag
6127 hvis det ikke var for Skolelinux - så tilgjengelighet er et annet
6128 nøkkelord. Et tredje moment er sikkerhet og brukertilgang. Alle
6129 brukerer opererer med egne brukernavn og passord, samt egne
6130 brukerområder som kan tilpasses for både enbrukertilgang og for
6131 samarbeid med andre.
6132
6133 Elever har godt av å se at det finnes andre alternativer enn de som
6134 storindustrien selger på lisensbasis - på den måten trenes de opp til
6135 å se flere muligheter og å foreta valg ut fra flere opsjoner.
6136
6137 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6138
6139 <p>Ulempene med Skolelinux er nok utbredelsen og mangelen på kjennskap
6140 til dette i skolenorge.  De som skal ta økonomiske avgjørelser rynker
6141 på nesen og vil gå for det kjente og «sikre» selv om det koster mye
6142 mer. Man får rett og slett litt hetta av å ikke kunne noe – og unngår
6143 dette for enhver pris.</p>
6144
6145 <p>I tillegg er mye av linux-systemet administrert av tekstkommandoer
6146 og er lite intuitiv/visuell for oss som ikke er «inne i»
6147 kildekodene». Så problemet er nok mye godt at de som
6148 utarbeider/drifter Skolelinux ikke helt klarer å sette seg ned på
6149 skoleadministratorens nivå når det gjelder problemer og
6150 utfordringer. Men dette er nok en utfordring alle administratorer
6151 sliter med uansett OS.</p>
6152
6153 <p>Derfor har vi valgt å støtte oss til BzzWare AS for assistanse i
6154 drifta slik at jeg har kunnet konsentrere meg mer om kabling, skifting
6155 av komponenter, veiledning av lærere og elever, vedlikehold av
6156 skrivere og annen daglig drift.</p>
6157
6158 <p>Elevene mestrer Skolelinux helt fint.  Så lenge Internett
6159 (Iceweasel) og Libreoffice (Openoffice) fungerer er 90% av
6160 skolehverdagen velfungerende. I tillegg brukes jo en del av den
6161 pedagogiske programpakken bla. i forhold til matematikk og geografi,
6162 men det er såpass mye bra på nett om dagen, så disse programmene er
6163 mer som krydder å regne.</p>
6164
6165 <p>Jeg skulle ønske neste versjon av Skolelinux kunne komme litt
6166 mindre stappet med programmer, for halvparten blir aldri brukt, eller
6167 fungerer ikke uansett.  Hva med et pedagogisk panel av lærere/IKT
6168 ansvarlige som kunne sagt: disse programmene skal være standard, så
6169 får resten være slike man kan legge til ved behov – det kan lett bli
6170 en jungel å bevege seg i.</p>
6171
6172 <p>Jeg ønsker meg også en mer grafisk versjon av
6173 <a href="http://bzz.no/lwat/trac/trac.cgi">Lwat</a> hvor man kan krysse
6174 ut de som f.eks ikke skal ha internett-tilgang en dag pga
6175 eksamen/tentamen, samt en noe enklere brannmurløsning hvor man kan
6176 stenge for en del (få) sider på en enkel måte.  Jeg liker godt
6177 Skolelinux sin ideologi om at filteret skal trenes i hodet på eleven –
6178 men av og til skulle jeg ønske at f.eks Facebook og Youtube kunne vært
6179 koblet vekk en periode for å få bedre utnyttelse av tid og
6180 ressurser. Disse to nettstedene er nok mye av årsaken til at mange
6181 lærere holder igjen databruken noe mer enn man kunne ønske.</p>
6182
6183 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6184
6185 Jeg benytter nesten bare fri programvare til daglig. LibreOffice,
6186 Iceweasel (Firefox), Thunderbird til e-post og Gimp til
6187 bildebehandling.  Vi har PHP-Nuke-oppsatt hjemmeside. Det eneste som
6188 jeg ikke har fått helt til enda er videoredigering - her må man vel
6189 innrømme at Mac er hakket over, men da er vi igjen over på å se hva
6190 som egner seg best, og ta valg ut fra det. Folk flest lever i
6191 villfarelsen om at regneark HETER Excel og tekstbehandling HETER
6192 Word. Dette er en misforståelse som jeg bruker mye energi på å
6193 diskutere og "åpne sinn" på Microsoft-slaver.  Dessverre er det mange
6194 IKT-ansvarlige som også har låst seg på at det eneste saliggjørende er
6195 Bill G sine produkter.
6196
6197 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6198 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6199
6200 <p>For å komme lenger i utbredelsen av Skolelinux tror jeg det må mer
6201 fram i nasjonale medier, samt komme bedre fram hva økonomien i dette
6202 valget vil være – samt mulighetene. Fri programvare er en berikelse og
6203 gjør oss i stand til å utføre arbeidet i skolen uten å måtte legge
6204 igjen tusener på tusener i Bill Gates lomme.. Få ETT nettsted med
6205 forståelig veiledning av installasjon/oppgradering og ETT forum med
6206 konkrete feilrettinger og problemer, så tror jeg vi kunne kommet et
6207 par skritt framover. Ellers tror jeg bare at ildsjelene må fortsette å
6208 skinne – kanskje flere enn oss følger etter på veien.</p>
6209
6210       </div>
6211       <div class="tags">
6212
6213
6214         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6215
6216
6217       </div>
6218     </div>
6219     <div class="padding"></div>
6220
6221     <div class="entry">
6222       <div class="title">
6223         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_screencast__Checking_email_with_kmail_using_Kerberos_authentication.html">Debian Edu screencast: Checking email with kmail using Kerberos authentication</a>
6224       </div>
6225       <div class="date">
6226         25th March 2012
6227       </div>
6228       <div class="body">
6229         <!-- Video HTML based on http://www.diveintohtml5.net/video.html -->
6230
6231 <p>The same Debian Edu developer that did the last screen cast I
6232 published, Wolfgang Schweer, has created a new screen cast showing how
6233 to set up Kmail in Debian Edu Squeze to authenticate using Kerberos,
6234 allowing users to check their local email account without providing
6235 any password. The video is embedded here in quarter size,
6236 and also available from <a href="https://vimeo.com/38601767">vimeo</a>
6237 and download as a
6238 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv">Ogg
6239 Theora</a> file.  Check it out below.</p>
6240
6241 <p><video id="kmail-kerberos-movie" width="256" height="184" preload controls>
6242   <source src="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv" type='video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"' />
6243     <p>Download video as
6244       <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv">Ogg</a>.</p>
6245 </video></p>
6246
6247       </div>
6248       <div class="tags">
6249
6250
6251         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6252
6253
6254       </div>
6255     </div>
6256     <div class="padding"></div>
6257
6258     <div class="entry">
6259       <div class="title">
6260         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html">Større PC-tetthet i skolen med Skolelinux?</a>
6261       </div>
6262       <div class="date">
6263         19th March 2012
6264       </div>
6265       <div class="body">
6266         <p>Den siste uka har det vært en del skriverier om hvor store
6267 forskjeller det er mellom skolene når det gjelder digital kompetanse.
6268 Et eksempel er
6269 <a href="http://www.digi.no/891660/bekymret-for-it-i-skolen">oppslaget
6270 i Digi</a>.  Diskusjonen fikk meg til å bli litt nysgjerrig på om
6271 Linux-skoler har større PC-tettet enn snittet i landet.  Grunnlaget
6272 for diskusjonen har vært undersøkelsen
6273 <a href="https://iktsenteret.no/ressurser/monitor-2011-skolens-digitale-tilstand">Monitor
6274 2011</a>, som bruker informasjon fra
6275 <a href="https://www.wis.no/gsi">Grunnskolens Informasjonssystem</a>
6276 (GSI).  GSI-data kan lastes ned fra web og jeg lastet ned en Excel-fil
6277 (intet åpen standard-valg tilgjengelig) med navn på alle skoler,
6278 hvilke kommune de befinner seg i og hvor mange elever pr. elev-PC de
6279 har rapportert inn.  For å få en ide om svaret trenger jeg deretter å
6280 vite hvilke skoler i landet som bruker Linux, slik at jeg kan slå dem
6281 opp i GSI og finne ut hvor stor PC-tetthet de har.</p>
6282
6283 <p>Jeg vet om skoler i Balsfjord, Flora, Harstad, Kongsvinger, Narvik,
6284 Nittedal, Nord-Odal, Randaberg og Sunndal som bruker Skolelinux eller
6285 andre Linux-varianter.  Jeg tror det er flere enn de 56 skolene jeg
6286 har klart å identifisere de siste dagene, men har ikke klart å få det
6287 bekreftet med offentlige kilder.</p>
6288
6289 <p>Monitor 2011-rapporteres side 95 forteller at det "ifølge GSI
6290 (20120-2011) er det 3,11 elever per datamaskin når vi tar med alle
6291 grunnskoler (1.-10.trinn)".  For de 56 Linux-skolene jeg har klart å
6292 koble mot informasjon i GSI er det 2,28 elever per elevdatamaskin,
6293 hvilket betyr at det er 36% høyere PC-tetthet på Linux-skoler enn
6294 landsgjennomsnittet.  Linux-skolen med høyest tettet blant de jeg har
6295 notert -skole er Flora ungdomsskule i Flora kommune med 0.82 elev
6296 pr. PC (482 elever, 588 elevdatamaskiner).</p>
6297
6298 <p>Skolelinux gir datamaskiner lengre levetid, og en kan dermed få
6299 flere operative datamaskiner for samme budsjett, i tillegg til en
6300 rekke andre fordeler.  Kan det være forklaringen på forskjellen?</p>
6301
6302 <p>Tallene må tas med en liten klype, da GSI ser ut til å ha endel
6303 feilføringer.  Jeg synes i hvert fall en skole med 423 elever og 9
6304 elevmaskiner ser mistenkelig ut.  Eller en skole med 346 elever, 0
6305 elevmaskiner, som er et annet ekstremt eksempel jeg fant.</p>
6306
6307 <p>Takk til Sturle Sunde, Klaus Ade Johnstad, Ole-Anders Andreassen og
6308 Trond Mæhlum for innspill om skoler med Linux.</p>
6309
6310       </div>
6311       <div class="tags">
6312
6313
6314         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6315
6316
6317       </div>
6318     </div>
6319     <div class="padding"></div>
6320
6321     <div class="entry">
6322       <div class="title">
6323         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__John_Ingleby.html">Debian Edu interview: John Ingleby</a>
6324       </div>
6325       <div class="date">
6326         19th March 2012
6327       </div>
6328       <div class="body">
6329         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
6330 users are spread all across the globe.  The second inteview after
6331 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">the
6332 Squeeze release</a> was publised is with John Ingleby, a teacher and
6333 long time Linux user in United Kingdom.</p>
6334
6335 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
6336
6337 <p>I teach ICT part time at the Rudolf Steiner School in Kings
6338 Langley, near London, UK. Previously I worked as a technical
6339 author/trainer while my children attended the school, and I also
6340 contributed to the Schoolforge UK community with the aim of
6341 encouraging UK schools to adopt free/open source software. Five or six
6342 years ago we had about 50 schools interested in some way, but we
6343 weren't able to convert many of them into sustainable
6344 installations.</p>
6345
6346 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
6347 project?</strong></p>
6348
6349 <p>Skolelinux had two representatives at an early Edubuntu meeting in
6350 London which I attended. However at that time our school network had
6351 just been installed using CentOS, LTSP 4 and GNOME. When LTSP 5 came
6352 along we switched to Edubuntu thin client servers so now we have a
6353 mixed environment which includes Windows PCs and student laptops, as
6354 well as their MacBooks and iPads. However, the proprietary systems
6355 have always been rather problematic, and we never built a GUI for the
6356 LDAP server, so when I discovered Skolelinux is configured for all
6357 these things we decided to try it.</p>
6358
6359 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6360 Edu?</strong></p>
6361
6362 <p>By far the biggest advantage is the Debian Edu community. Apart
6363 from that I have always believed in the same "sustainable computing"
6364 goals that Skolelinux is built on: installing Linux on computers which
6365 would otherwise be thrown away, to provide a reliable, secure and
6366 low-cost IT environment for schools. From my own experience I know
6367 that a part-time person can teach and manage a network of about 25
6368 Linux computers, but it would take much more of my time if we had
6369 proprietary software everywhere.</p>
6370
6371 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6372 Edu?</strong></p>
6373
6374 <p>As a newcomer I'm just finding out who's who in the community and
6375 how you're organised, and what your procedures are for dealing with
6376 various things such as editing manual pages and so-on. The only
6377 English language mailing list seems to be for developers as well as
6378 users, so my inbox needs heavy pruning each day!</p>
6379
6380 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
6381
6382 <p>Besides the software already mentioned at school we use Samba,
6383 OpenLDAP, CUPS, Nagios and Dansguardian for the network, and on the
6384 desktops we have LibreOffice, Firefox, GIMP and Inkscape. At home I
6385 use Ubuntu and an Android 4 eePad Transformer (but I'm not sure if
6386 that counts...)</p>
6387
6388 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
6389 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
6390
6391 <p>That's a tough question! For very many years UK schools installed
6392 and taught only proprietary software, so that at the highest levels
6393 the notion of "computer" means simply "proprietary office
6394 applications".  However, schools today are experiencing budget
6395 constraints, and many are having to think hard about upgrading Windows
6396 XP.  At the same time, we have students showing teachers how to use
6397 iPads, MacBooks and Android, so the choice of operating system is no
6398 longer quite so automatic. What is more, our government at last
6399 realised that we need people with programming skills, so they're
6400 putting coding back in the curriculum! And it's encouraging that the
6401 first 10,000 Raspberry Pi units sold out in 2 hours.</p>
6402
6403 <p>I don't really know what strategy is going to get UK schools to use
6404 free software, but building an active community of Skolelinux/Debian
6405 Edu users in this country has to be part of it.</p>
6406
6407       </div>
6408       <div class="tags">
6409
6410
6411         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
6412
6413
6414       </div>
6415     </div>
6416     <div class="padding"></div>
6417
6418     <div class="entry">
6419       <div class="title">
6420         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Writing_and_translating_documentation_in_Debian_Edu.html">Writing and translating documentation in Debian Edu</a>
6421       </div>
6422       <div class="date">
6423         16th March 2012
6424       </div>
6425       <div class="body">
6426         <p>Documentation in Debian Edu is provided in several languages, and
6427 it is important to make it both easy to contribute and to keep the
6428 translated versions in sync.  To do this we have come up with what we
6429 believe is a very efficient work flow.</p>
6430
6431 <ol>
6432
6433 <li>The documentation is written in a
6434 <a href="http://moinmo.in">moinmoin wiki</a> (see for example
6435 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">the
6436 Squeeze release manual</a>) with support for exporting the content as
6437 docbook XML.</li>
6438
6439 <li>This docbook document is given to po4a to extract a gettext style
6440 .pot file with the content, which in turn is used to create .po files
6441 with the translated text.</li>
6442
6443 <li>The .po files are given to translators, and they can always tell
6444 which part of the original wiki document is new or changed.  They can
6445 use their normal translation tools like lokalize or poedit to write
6446 the translation.  There is even a system in place to handle translated
6447 images.</li>
6448
6449 <li>The translated .po files are combined with the original docbook
6450 XML document using po4a to create a translated docbook document.</li>
6451
6452 <li>The final step is to use all the generated docbook files and
6453 create PDF and HTML version of the original and translated documents.</li>
6454
6455 </ol>
6456
6457 <p>This setup work very well, but have a few issues.  The biggest
6458 issue is that <a href="http://moinmo.in/DocBook">the docbook support
6459 we use in moinmoin</a> is not actively maintained.  The docbook
6460 support is also buggy, and our build system contain workarounds to
6461 make sure the generated docbook is usable despite these bugs.</p>
6462
6463 <p>If you want to have a look at our setup, it is all there in the
6464 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/debian-edu-doc">debian-edu-doc
6465 package</a>.</p>
6466
6467       </div>
6468       <div class="tags">
6469
6470
6471         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6472
6473
6474       </div>
6475     </div>
6476     <div class="padding"></div>
6477
6478     <div class="entry">
6479       <div class="title">
6480         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/NUUG_presentasjon__Skolelinux___ferdig_oppsatt_skolenettl_sning.html">NUUG-presentasjon: Skolelinux - ferdig oppsatt skolenettløsning</a>
6481       </div>
6482       <div class="date">
6483         13th March 2012
6484       </div>
6485       <div class="body">
6486         <p>I dag presenterte jeg ny versjon av Skolelinux for NUUGs medlemmer.
6487 <a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/mypapers/20120313-skolelinux-squeeze.html">Lysark</a>
6488 er tilgjengelige allerede og
6489 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20120313-skolelinux/">video-opptak</a>
6490 kommer så snart videogruppa til NUUG får publisert den.  Jeg kom på
6491 endel punkter om nye ting i Squeeze-utgaven under veis som jeg burde
6492 hatt med, og har sikkert skrevet noe tull på lysarkene som jeg ennå
6493 ikke har oppdaget.  Denne presentasjonen ble smurt ihop på veldig kort
6494 tid, og jeg rakk ikke finpusse den.  Håper den kan være lærerik
6495 likevel.</p>
6496
6497       </div>
6498       <div class="tags">
6499
6500
6501         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
6502
6503
6504       </div>
6505     </div>
6506     <div class="padding"></div>
6507
6508     <div class="entry">
6509       <div class="title">
6510         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__K_re_Nordby.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Kåre Nordby</a>
6511       </div>
6512       <div class="date">
6513         12th March 2012
6514       </div>
6515       <div class="body">
6516         <p>Første ut i serien med intervjuer av folk i
6517 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet etter at
6518 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">ny
6519 versjon av Skolelinux</a> ble lansert i helga, er nylig valgte
6520 styremedlem i foreningen
6521 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
6522 Skolen</a> (FRiSK) som organiserer
6523 Skolelinux-utviklingen og daglig leder i
6524 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a>, selskapet
6525 prosjektet opprettet som et tilbud til skoler som ønsket en
6526 kommersiell samarbeidsparter.  Det bør nevnes at jeg er styremedlem i
6527 Skolelinux Drift AS og styreleder i selskapets hovedeier stiftelsen
6528 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/">SLX Debian Labs</a>
6529 som beskytter verdiene til Skolelinux-prosjektet, og kjenner Kåre den
6530 veien.</p>
6531
6532 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6533
6534 <p>Jeg har siden januar 2010 vært daglig leder i Skolelinux Drift AS,
6535 som leverer support, installasjon, tilpasning, drift, og opplæring på
6536 Debian Edu / Skolelinux. Fra 2012 er jeg valgt inn som styremedlem i
6537 FRiSK.  Min forrige jobb var som KAM i Redpill Linpro (som er en av
6538 eierne i Skolelinux Drift).  Før det var jeg daglig leder i et eget 7
6539 manns konsulent selskap som også startet med fri programvare mot
6540 slutten.</p>
6541
6542 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6543
6544 <p>Jeg hørte om det først når jeg jobbet i Redpill Linpro.  Men jeg
6545 har også en datter som går på en friskole, som også bruker Skolelinux.
6546 Som kjent har ikke friskoler de samme økonomiske rammebetingelsene som
6547 offentlige skoler, så for dem var det det absolutt beste alternativet.
6548 De anser også Skolelinux som et stabilt system, som bare går og går (i
6549 motsetning til det lille Windows-baserte nettverket de har på
6550 admin-siden).</p>
6551
6552 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6553
6554 <p>Sentralisert drift av tynne og diskløse arbeidsstasjoner. Således
6555 lydløse og raskere arbeidsstasjoner som er bedre i klasserommet.
6556 Lengre levetid på PC'er.  Store besparelser på maskinvare og drift. Og
6557 så klart fjerning av alle lisenskostnader. Personlig synes jeg også at
6558 mange av programmene er bedre enn alternativene. Men dette er ofte en
6559 smakssak og avhengig om man må ha det man er vant til fra før.</p>
6560
6561 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6562
6563 <p>For lite kjentskap til løsningen.  Noen ganger for dårlig
6564 kompatibilitet med arbeidsstasjoners/bærbare maskiner sine
6565 nettverksdrivere eller skjermkort. Men dette løser vi i skolene ved
6566 standardisering. Ellers er det få, om nesten ingen, av de kjente
6567 maskinvare / infrastruktur leverandørene til fylkes- / kommuner som
6568 tilbyr denne plattformen.  Skal dette endre seg så må kommunene selv
6569 sette slike krav til leverandørene.</p>
6570
6571 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6572
6573 <p>Har brukt OpenOffice.org siden starten (2001 ?), Kun Linux på
6574 desktop siden 2005. Bruker i dag Kubuntu, Libreoffice og ymse annet
6575 programvare til ulik kontorbruk som er lett å installere / teste via
6576 alle programarkivene som finnes.</p>
6577
6578 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6579 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6580
6581 <p>Fortsette å presentere flere av de gode eksemplene hvor Debian Edu
6582 / Skolelinux brukes i kommuner og enkeltskoler.  Vi må få bedre frem
6583 at det er mulig tilknytte både Windows og Mac klienter på denne
6584 plattformen (selv om det vil øke driftskostnadene).  Dette gjøres
6585 mange steder.  Spesielt er det mange lærere som ønsker å bruke
6586 Windows/Mac-bærbare, gjerne som sin private PC også. Det er også mulig
6587 for kommunen å integrere med Active Directory i stedet for OpenLDAP
6588 som kommer med ut av boksen (selv om også dette øker kostnadene).
6589 Dette vil muligens bidra til å fjerne noe motstand hos noen
6590 potensielle brukere / driftpersonell for å ta i bruk noe
6591 nytt. Fremveksten av mobile brukere og nettbrett går i vår favør.
6592 Brukerne blir kjent og vant til flere nye operativsystemer /
6593 brukergrensesnitt. Så utviklerfellesskapet bør jobbe videre med å
6594 integrere flere nye klienttyper, som ultra lav-kostklienter og
6595 nettbrett (blant annet fri programvare-alternativet
6596 <a href="http://makeplaylive.com/">Spark</a> med
6597 <a href="http://www.merproject.org/">Mer OS</a> og
6598 <a href="http://plasma-active.org/">KDE Active Plasma</a>).</p>
6599
6600       </div>
6601       <div class="tags">
6602
6603
6604         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6605
6606
6607       </div>
6608     </div>
6609     <div class="padding"></div>
6610
6611     <div class="entry">
6612       <div class="title">
6613         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_Squeeze_is_out_.html">Skolelinux / Debian Edu Squeeze is out!</a>
6614       </div>
6615       <div class="date">
6616         11th March 2012
6617       </div>
6618       <div class="body">
6619         <p>This weekend we finally published the first stable release of
6620 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a> based
6621 on Debian/Squeeze.  The full announcement is
6622 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">available</a>
6623 from the project announcement list.  Now is a good time to test if it
6624 you have not done so already.</p>
6625
6626 <p>I plan to present the new version at
6627 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20120313-skolelinux/">a NUUG
6628 meeting</a> on tuesday.  I look forward to seeing you there if you are
6629 in Oslo, Norway.</p>
6630
6631       </div>
6632       <div class="tags">
6633
6634
6635         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6636
6637
6638       </div>
6639     </div>
6640     <div class="padding"></div>
6641
6642     <div class="entry">
6643       <div class="title">
6644         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Nigel_Barker.html">Debian Edu interview: Nigel Barker</a>
6645       </div>
6646       <div class="date">
6647          9th March 2012
6648       </div>
6649       <div class="body">
6650         <p>Inspired by <a href="http://raphaelhertzog.com/tag/interview/">the
6651 interview series</a> conducted by Raphael, I started a Norwegian
6652 interview series with people involved in the Debian Edu / Skolelinux
6653 community.  This was so popular that I believe it is time to move to a
6654 more international audience.</p>
6655
6656 <p>While <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
6657 Skolelinux</a> originated in France and Norway, and have most users in
6658 Europe, there are users all around the globe.  One of those far away
6659 from me is Nigel Barker, a long time Debian Edu system administrator
6660 and contributor.  It is thanks to him that Debian Edu is adjusted to
6661 work out of the box in Japan.  I got him to answer a few questions,
6662 and am happy to share the response with you. :)
6663
6664
6665 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
6666
6667 <p>My name is Nigel Barker, and I am British. I am married to Yumiko,
6668 and we have three lovely children, aged 15, 14 and 4(!) I am the IT
6669 Coordinator at Hiroshima International School, Japan. I am also a
6670 teacher, and in fact I spend most of my day teaching Mathematics,
6671 Science, IT, and Chemistry. I was originally a Chemistry teacher, but
6672 I have always had an interest in computers. Another teacher teaches
6673 primary school IT, but apart from that I am the only computer person,
6674 so that means I am the network manager, technician and webmaster,
6675 also, and I help people with their computer problems. I teach python
6676 to beginners in an after-school club. I am way too busy, so I really
6677 appreciate the simplicity of Skolelinux.</p>
6678
6679 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
6680 project?</strong></p>
6681
6682 <p>In around 2004 or 5 I discovered the ltsp project, and set up a
6683 server in the IT lab. I wanted some way to connect it to our central
6684 samba server, which I was also quite poor at configuring. I discovered
6685 Edubuntu when it came out, but it didn't really improve my setup. I
6686 did various desperate searches for things like "school Linux server"
6687 and ended up in a document called "Drift" something or other. Reading
6688 there it became clear that Skolelinux was going to solve all my
6689 problems in one go. I was very excited, but apprehensive, because my
6690 previous attempts to install Debian had ended in failure (I used
6691 Mandrake for everything - ltsp, samba, apache, mail, ns...). I
6692 downloaded a beta version, had some problems, so subscribed to the
6693 Debian Edu list for help. I have remained subscribed ever since, and
6694 my school has run a Skolelinux network since Sarge.</p>
6695
6696 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6697 Edu?</strong></p>
6698
6699 <p>For me the integrated setup. This is not just the server, or the
6700 workstation, or the ltsp. Its all of them, and its all configured
6701 ready to go. I read somewhere in the early documentation that it is
6702 designed to be setup and managed by the Maths or Science teacher, who
6703 doesn't necessarily know much about computers, in a small Norwegian
6704 school. That describes me perfectly if you replace Norway with
6705 Japan.</p>
6706
6707 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6708 Edu?</strong></p>
6709
6710 <p>The desktop is fairly plain. If you compare it with Edubuntu, who
6711 have fun themes for children, or with distributions such as Mint, who
6712 make the desktop beautiful. They create a good impression on people
6713 who don't need to understand how to use any of it, but who might be
6714 important to the school. School administrators or directors, for
6715 instance, or parents. Even kids. Debian itself usually has ugly
6716 default theme settings. It was my dream a few years back that some
6717 kind of integration would allow Edubuntu to do the desktop stuff and
6718 Debian Edu the servers, but now I realise how impossible that is.  A
6719 second disadvantage is that if something goes wrong, or you need to
6720 customise something, then suddenly the level of expertise required
6721 multiplies. For example, backup wasn't working properly in Lenny. It
6722 took me ages to learn how to set up my own server to do rsync backups.
6723 I am afraid of anything to do with ldap, but perhaps Gosa will
6724 help.</p>
6725
6726 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
6727
6728 <p>Nowadays I only use Debian on my personal computers. I have one for
6729 studio work (I play guitar and write songs), running AV Linux
6730 (customised Debian) a netbook running Squeeze, and a bigger laptop
6731 still running Skolelinux Lenny workstation. I have a Tjener in my
6732 house, that's very useful for the family photos and music.  At school
6733 the students only use Skolelinux. (Some teachers and the office still
6734 have windows). So that means we only use free software all day every
6735 day. Open office, The GIMP, Firefox/Iceweasel, VLC and Audacity are
6736 installed on every computer in school, irrespective of OS.  We also
6737 have Koha on Debian for the library, and Apache, Moodle, b2evolution
6738 and Etomite on Debian for the www. The firewall is Untangle.</p>
6739
6740 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
6741 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
6742
6743 <p>Current trends are in our favour. Open source is big in industry,
6744 and ordinary people have heard of it. The spread of Android and the
6745 popularity of Apple have helped to weaken the impression that you have
6746 to have Microsoft on everything. People complain to me much less about
6747 file formats and Word than they did 5 years ago.  The Edu aspect is
6748 also a selling point. This is all customised for schools. Where is the
6749 Windows-edu, or the Mac-edu?  But of course the main attraction is
6750 budget.The trick is to convince people that the quality is not
6751 compromised when you stop paying and use free software instead. That
6752 is one reason why I say the desktop experience is a weakness. People
6753 are not impressed when their USB drive doesn't work, or their browser
6754 doesn't play flash, for example.</p>
6755
6756       </div>
6757       <div class="tags">
6758
6759
6760         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
6761
6762
6763       </div>
6764     </div>
6765     <div class="padding"></div>
6766
6767     <div class="entry">
6768       <div class="title">
6769         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_screencast__Mass_creation_of_user_accounts_in_Squeeze.html">Debian Edu screencast: Mass creation of user accounts in Squeeze</a>
6770       </div>
6771       <div class="date">
6772          7th March 2012
6773       </div>
6774       <div class="body">
6775         <!-- Video HTML based on http://www.diveintohtml5.net/video.html -->
6776
6777 <p>One of the Debian Edu developers, Wolfgang Schweer, just created a
6778 screen cast documenting how to create a lot of new users in LDAP on
6779 Debian Edu Squeeze.  The video is embedded here in quarter size, and
6780 also available from <a href="http://vimeo.com/37675399">vimeo</a> and
6781 download as a
6782 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv">Ogg
6783 Theora</a> file.  Check it out below.</p>
6784
6785 <p><video id="gosa-mass-user-create-movie" width="256" height="184" preload controls>
6786   <source src="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv" type='video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"' />
6787     <p>Download video as
6788       <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv">Ogg</a>.</p>
6789 </video></p>
6790
6791       </div>
6792       <div class="tags">
6793
6794
6795         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6796
6797
6798       </div>
6799     </div>
6800     <div class="padding"></div>
6801
6802     <div class="entry">
6803       <div class="title">
6804         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Third release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
6805       </div>
6806       <div class="date">
6807          4th March 2012
6808       </div>
6809       <div class="body">
6810         <p>This weekend we wrapped up and published the third release
6811 candidate for <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
6812 Skolelinux</a> based on Squeeze.  The full announcement is
6813 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00000.html">available</a>
6814 from the project announcement list.  Check it out if you
6815 need a software solution for your school.</p>
6816
6817       </div>
6818       <div class="tags">
6819
6820
6821         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6822
6823
6824       </div>
6825     </div>
6826     <div class="padding"></div>
6827
6828     <div class="entry">
6829       <div class="title">
6830         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Stopmotion_for_making_stop_motion_animations_on_Linux___reloaded.html">Stopmotion for making stop motion animations on Linux - reloaded</a>
6831       </div>
6832       <div class="date">
6833          3rd March 2012
6834       </div>
6835       <div class="body">
6836         <p>Many years ago, the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux
6837 / Debian Edu project</a> initiated a student project to create a tool
6838 for making stop motion movies.  The proposal came from a teacher
6839 needing such tool on Skolelinux.  The project, called "stopmotion",
6840 was manned by two extraordinary students and won a school award and a
6841 national aware with this great project.  The project was initiated and
6842 mentored by Herman Robak, and manned by the students Bjørn Erik Nilsen
6843 and Fredrik Berg Kjølstad.  They got in touch with people at Aardman
6844 Animation studio and received feedback on how professionals would like
6845 such stopmotion tool to work, and the end result was and is used by
6846 animators around the globe.  But as is usual after studying, both got
6847 jobs and went elsewhere, and did not have time to properly tend to the
6848 project, and it has been lingering for a few years now.  Until last
6849 year...</p>
6850
6851 <p>Last year some of the users got together with Herman, and moved the
6852 project to Sourceforge and in effect restarted the project under a new
6853 name,
6854 <a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/linuxstopmotion/">linuxstopmotion</a>.
6855 The name change was done to make it possible to find the project using
6856 Internet search engines (try to search for 'stopmotion' to see what I
6857 mean). I've been following
6858 <a href="https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/linuxstopmotion-community">the
6859 mailing list</a> and the improvement already in place and planned for
6860 the future is encouraging.  If you want to make stop motion movies.
6861 Check it out. :)</p>
6862
6863       </div>
6864       <div class="tags">
6865
6866
6867         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
6868
6869
6870       </div>
6871     </div>
6872     <div class="padding"></div>
6873
6874     <div class="entry">
6875       <div class="title">
6876         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Frode_Danielsen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Frode Danielsen</a>
6877       </div>
6878       <div class="date">
6879         27th February 2012
6880       </div>
6881       <div class="body">
6882         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
6883 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet møter vi
6884 denne gangen Frode Danielsen, som er leder for en IT-virksomhet som
6885 passer på IT-løsningen til flere kommuner i Hedmark-området, der noen
6886 av dem bruker Skolelinux i dag.</p>
6887
6888 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6889
6890 <p>Daglig leder i <a href="http://www.hedmarken-ikt.no/">Hedmark
6891 IKT</a>. En interkommunal IKT-virksomhet for Stange, Nord-Odal,
6892 Kongsvinger, Grue, Løten og Hamar kommuner. Vi er 32 ansatte</p>
6893
6894 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6895
6896 <p>Vi har vært i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet i flere
6897 sammenhenger, blant annet gjennom et par piloter som ikke har ført til
6898 noe konkret resultat.  Nå sist gjennom satsingen på skolelinux i Grue,
6899 Kongsvinger og Nord-Odal.</p>
6900
6901 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong>
6902 <br><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6903
6904 <p>Jeg tror alle løsninger har fordeler og ulemper, litt avhengig av
6905 hvilket ståsted du selv har, så jeg unnlater å svare på dette.</p>
6906
6907 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6908
6909 <p>Ingen for min egen del, men vi har noe fri programvare i våre
6910 løsninger.</p>
6911
6912 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6913 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6914
6915 <p>Jeg tror ikke man skal ha en slik strategi.  Man bør ha en strategi
6916 basert på å løse fremtidige behov, og velge løsninger som støtter opp
6917 under dette.</p>
6918
6919       </div>
6920       <div class="tags">
6921
6922
6923         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6924
6925
6926       </div>
6927     </div>
6928     <div class="padding"></div>
6929
6930     <div class="entry">
6931       <div class="title">
6932         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Second release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
6933       </div>
6934       <div class="date">
6935         27th February 2012
6936       </div>
6937       <div class="body">
6938         <p>This weekend we wrapped up and published the second release
6939 candidate for <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
6940 Skolelinux</a> based on Squeeze.  The full announcement did for some
6941 reason not make it the project announcement list, but is
6942 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-devel-announce/2012/02/msg00015.html">available</a>
6943 from the Debian development announcement list.  Check it out if you
6944 need a software solution for your school.</p>
6945
6946       </div>
6947       <div class="tags">
6948
6949
6950         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6951
6952
6953       </div>
6954     </div>
6955     <div class="padding"></div>
6956
6957     <div class="entry">
6958       <div class="title">
6959         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Knut_Yrvin.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Knut Yrvin</a>
6960       </div>
6961       <div class="date">
6962         21st February 2012
6963       </div>
6964       <div class="body">
6965         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
6966 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi nå
6967 høre fra nyvalgt leder i foreningen
6968 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
6969 Skolen</a> og en av stifterne av Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
6970
6971 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6972
6973 <p>Knut Yrvin her. Jobber i Nokia med å fremme rammeverket Qt og QML
6974 med tilhørende utviklerverktøy. Rollen er som leder av
6975 friprog-samfunn. I fjor var jeg med å legge om utviklingen av Qt til
6976 åpen forvaltning.  På den måten kan alle som bidrar til Qt gjøre det
6977 på like vilkår.  Nå er det
6978 <a href="http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2011/12/22/qt-5-%E2%80%93-a-look-back-at-the-numbers/">over
6979 1000 utviklere</a> som bidrar til Qt. Med overgangen til åpen
6980 forvaltning er utviklingen av Qt mer åpen enn Linux-kjernen.</p>
6981
6982 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6983
6984 <p>Jeg var en av initiativtagerne til Skolelinux i 2001. Skolene slet
6985 med både utstyr og Internett-tilgang. De klarte ikke å møte
6986 forventningene til data i skolen. Driften av PC-ene var uholdbar. Som
6987 regel hadde rektor pekt ut en ivrig lærer til å passe på PC-ene,
6988 gjerne naturfaglæreren. Mange lærere jobbet mye ubetalt overtid for å
6989 vedlikeholde 30-40 datamaskiner på hver sin skole. Med 300 elever og
6990 lærere som brukere, blir det fort mye mer arbeid enn de 4-8 timene de
6991 kunne bruke på PC-drift. Skolene hadde kun en femtedel av
6992 IT-budsjettet som ble brukt på PC-ene i rådhuset.</p>
6993
6994 <p>Vi erfarte at skolene hadde mye datautstyr som stod ubrukt. Skolene
6995 manglet penger til Microsoft-lisenser. Selv med solide skolerabatter,
6996 kostet Microsoft-lisensene gjerne like mye som PC-ene i seg selv over
6997 en periode på 5-6 år.</p>
6998
6999 <p>Viktigheten av språklig mangfold og pedagogiske programmer var også
7000 viktig for oss. Vi oversatte mange skoleaktuelle programmer til
7001 nynorsk, nordsamisk og bokmål. Dette lenge før andre tok denne
7002 oppgaven seriøst.  Allerede etter ett år hadde vi etablert et helt
7003 arsenal av skoleaktuelle programmer på nynorsk, bokmål og
7004 nordsamisk. Vi spredde vår ide om språklig mangfold til de andre frie
7005 prosjekter internasjonalt. Resultatene ser vi i mange land. Det er de
7006 frie programmene som kommer på brukernes morsmål. Det er en av flere
7007 gode grunner til at fri programvare som LibreOffice, VLC, KDE og
7008 Firefox konkurrerer ut godseid programvare mange steder i verden.</p>
7009
7010 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7011
7012 <p>Fordelene er at Skolelinux tilbyr over 100 skoleaktuelle programmer
7013 på de norske språkene, uten ett øre i lisenskostnader. Systemet gir
7014 enormt lave driftskostnader med diskløse arbeidsstasjoner og bærbare
7015 med roaming.  Skolelinux krever også mindre av maskinvaren.</p>
7016
7017 <p>Man kan fint kjøre systemet med 512 MB RAM på en bærbar PC sammen
7018 med en nettvideo i nettleseren og en presentasjon med
7019 LibreOffice. Konkurrerende system krever fort 2 GB RAM for å få til
7020 noe tilsvarende uten at det går ufattelig tregt. Skal man gjøre noe
7021 nyttig, krever konkurrentene til Linux mye større harddisk. Skoler har
7022 rapportert at de fort har fått 50% flere nye maskiner om de velger
7023 Linux. Dette i tillegg til de årlige besparelsene ved å unngå
7024 lisensbetaling til godseid programvare.</p>
7025
7026 <p>De lave driftskostnadene gjør at delstater i Europa har titusener
7027 av datamaskiner med Skolelinux i skolen. F.eks. er det under ti
7028 personer som drifter 70.000 PC-systemer i skolene i Extremadura i
7029 Spania. Det er slett ikke uvanlig at norske kommuner har 1500-2000
7030 datamaskiner med Skolelinux.  Driften tar ett årsverk. Slår flere
7031 kommuner seg sammen, kan de få samme sentraliserte stordriftsfordeler
7032 som delstater i Tyskland og Spania.  Delstater som kjører Skolelinux
7033 på alle skolene. Bare noen få personer sentraldrifter titusenvis av
7034 PC-er.</p>
7035
7036 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7037
7038 <p>Den største ulempen for Skolelinux er motstand mot Linux fra
7039 IT-sjefer i det offentlige. Dette er ledere som holder innlegg som
7040 snytt ut av evangelist-håndboka til Microsoft. Dette gjøres i ett
7041 arbeidsmarked med stor vekst i etterspørselen etter Linux-fagfolk i
7042 privat sektor.  Etterspørselen har økt mer enn noe annet tekniske yrke
7043 siste tiåret.  Åtte av ti ledere vil ansette Linux-fagfolk i 2012,
7044 rapporterer jobbnettstedet Dice.com på oppdrag av Linux
7045 Foundation.</p>
7046
7047 <p>Det mangler 16.000 ingeniører og IKT-fagfolk i Norge rapporterte
7048 arbeids- og velferdsetaten NAV. Linux-fagfolk kan velge svært
7049 interessante jobber med alt fra apps på ledende mobilsystem laget med
7050 Linux, sky- tjenester eller web-applikasjoner. De raskest voksende
7051 teknologiselskapene i verden er ute etter Linux-fagfolk. Det være seg
7052 Amazon, Google, Facebook og IBM for å nevne noen. Linux er kritisk
7053 for å sikre veksten i markedet. Det sier seg selv at lønningene og
7054 jobbmulighetene er bedre enn for andre tekniske yrker.</p>
7055
7056 <p>Skal man lage apps for mobilen, smart-TV-en eller
7057 underholdningssystemet i bilen eller på flyet, er det Linux som
7058 gjelder. Med en slik konkurranse om Linux-kompetansen, kombinert med
7059 motstanden mot Linux hos mange IT-sjefer i offentlig sektor, så
7060 hindrer kommunene rekruttering av flere Linux- fagfolk. Skolene blir
7061 tvunget til å velge dyrere og mindre komplette IT-system. De har
7062 blitt hengende igjen slik IT var på begynnelsen av 2000- tallet. Dette
7063 fordi IT-ledere ikke har tilpasset seg markedet det siste tiåret.</p>
7064
7065 <p>Når det er sagt, er Skolelinux svært enkelt å lære seg også for de
7066 som ikke kan. Det viser alle lærerne som drifter systemet for
7067 hundrevis og tusenvis av systemer. Det meste er på plass rett ut av
7068 boksen. I tillegg er det solid med dokumentasjon med god hjelp på
7069 nettet. Det er mange kommuner som har ansatt en lærer som først lærte
7070 Skolelinux på sin skole, for så å drifte alle PC-ene i kommunen med
7071 Skolelinux. Det kan fort være snakk om 1000-3000 datamaskiner på 10-15
7072 skoler som sentraldriftes med en stilling.  Står man ordentlig fast,
7073 kan man også kjøpe profesjonell hjelp fra selskap som støtter
7074 Skolelinux. Det er flere slike selskap i Norge og i utlandet.</p>
7075
7076 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7077
7078 <p>Qt SDK, LibreOffice, Firefox, VLC og KDE-skrivebordet. Dette på et
7079 Debian-basert GNU/Linux-system. Jeg bruker også noen morsomme
7080 3D-spill. Idag kan jeg velge mellom over 30.000 Linux-programmer. Det
7081 finnes ikke tid i livet å undersøke alle valgmulighetene. Derfor er
7082 det bra med Skolelinux i skolen, da utvalget av programmer er
7083 begrenset til hva som er aktuelt i skolefagene.</p>
7084
7085 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7086 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7087
7088 <p>Vi må selge hele Skolelinux forhåndsinstallert på maskinvare i hele
7089 pakker med 50-100-1000 PC-klienter med servere. Dette kan selges til
7090 enkeltskoler eller hele kommuner. Pakken må inneholde tjenermaskiner,
7091 svært rimelige diskløse arbeidsstasjoner, nettbrett med Plasma Active,
7092 og bærbare med roaming. Alt er godt testet med Debian. I et slikt
7093 anbud er det mulig å legge til sentraliserte drifts- og
7094 støttetjenester.</p>
7095
7096 <p>Man bør også selge sky-tjenester som læreadministrative systemet
7097 Moodle og driftsovervåking. I tillegg så bør man slenge seg på med
7098 presentasjoner de gangene LibreOffice og andre friprog-produkter
7099 selges til kommuner.</p>
7100
7101       </div>
7102       <div class="tags">
7103
7104
7105         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7106
7107
7108       </div>
7109     </div>
7110     <div class="padding"></div>
7111
7112     <div class="entry">
7113       <div class="title">
7114         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">First release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
7115       </div>
7116       <div class="date">
7117         19th February 2012
7118       </div>
7119       <div class="body">
7120         <p>One week delayed due to DVD build problems, we managed today to
7121 wrap up and publish the first release candidate for
7122 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
7123 on Squeeze.  The full announcement is
7124 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/02/msg00001.html">available</a>
7125 on the project announcement list.  Check it out if you need a software
7126 solution for your school.</p>
7127
7128       </div>
7129       <div class="tags">
7130
7131
7132         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7133
7134
7135       </div>
7136     </div>
7137     <div class="padding"></div>
7138
7139     <div class="entry">
7140       <div class="title">
7141         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Olav_Dahlum.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Olav Dahlum</a>
7142       </div>
7143       <div class="date">
7144         18th February 2012
7145       </div>
7146       <div class="body">
7147         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
7148 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi nå
7149 høre fra et nyvalgt medlem i foreningen
7150 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
7151 Skolen</a>.</p>
7152
7153 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7154
7155 <p>Jeg heter Olav Dahlum, og er frilans oversetter, tester,
7156 prosjektleder og bruker av fri og åpen programvare som
7157 LibreOffice. Jeg er også et av styremedlemmene i FRISK.</p>
7158
7159 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7160
7161 <p>Jeg kom i kontakt med prosjektet i 2009, da jeg ble ansatt i
7162 stiftelsen Åpne kontorprogram på norsk for å oversette og teste den
7163 norske utgaven av OpenOffice.org. Arbeidet har hele tiden vært
7164 koordinert sammen med Skolelinux, og mange av de samme menneskene er
7165 involvert, så på den måten ble jeg en del av den utvidede
7166 familien.</p>
7167
7168 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7169
7170 <p>Skolelinux handler i likhet med utdanningssektoren om å dele
7171 kunnskap med andre, og det er dette som er hovedstyrken til
7172 prosjektet.  Selv om Skolelinux hovedsaklig er involvert i utvikling
7173 av programvare, er det også et sted der man kan utfolde seg uavhengig
7174 av bakgrunn og ferdigheter.</p>
7175
7176 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7177
7178 <p>Liten utbredelse og manglende støtte fra leverandører som leverer
7179 pedagogisk programvare til skolebruk.  Kunne kanskje hatt flere
7180 verktøy som letter administrasjonen ytterligere, slik at også mindre
7181 erfarne databrukere kan utføre lett vedlikehold og rutinejobber.</p>
7182
7183 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7184
7185 <p>Jeg er nesten forpliktet til å si at jeg bruker LibreOffice... Jeg
7186 bruker forøvrig frie og åpne operativsystemer basert på
7187 operativsystemkjernen Linux, for tiden openSUSE 12,1 med KDE4.  Men
7188 hvis jeg skal dra fram noen flere eksempler så er nok Mozilla Firefox
7189 og Thunderbird to av de jeg bruker mest. I tillegg er jeg en flittig
7190 bruker av OpenSSH, Irssi, Midnight Commander, Git, Subversion,
7191 Translation Toolkit og Super Maryo Chronicles (litt gøy skal man ha,
7192 og med to håndkontroller liggende er det ikke til å unngå).</p>
7193
7194 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7195 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7196
7197 <p>Vi må få leverandører av pedagogisk programvare med på laget, men
7198 også utvikle vår egen tilpasset det norske markedet.  Det er også
7199 mulig å involvere utdanningssektoren direkte i arbeidet, for eksempel
7200 gjennom studentprosjekter der elevene selv er med å utforme
7201 programvare direkte eller indirekte gjennom aktive bidrag.  Dette gjør
7202 ikke bare samarbeidet tettere, men fokuset på standarder og friheten
7203 til å velge sin egen løsning vil kanskje stimulere interessen for
7204 framtidig deltakelse i bransjen.  Vi som driver med fri og åpen
7205 programvare ønsker oss ikke rene konsumenter, men tenkende og
7206 selvstendige individer som kan være med å skape sin egen fremtid.</p>
7207
7208       </div>
7209       <div class="tags">
7210
7211
7212         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7213
7214
7215       </div>
7216     </div>
7217     <div class="padding"></div>
7218
7219     <div class="entry">
7220       <div class="title">
7221         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_proxy_configuration_with_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux.html">Automatic proxy configuration with Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
7222       </div>
7223       <div class="date">
7224         13th February 2012
7225       </div>
7226       <div class="body">
7227         <p>New in the Squeeze version of
7228 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> is the
7229 ability for clients to automatically configure their proxy settings
7230 based on their environment.  We want all systems on the client to use
7231 the WPAD based proxy definition fetched from <tt>http://wpad/wpad.dat</tt>, to
7232 allow sites to control the proxy setting from a central place and make
7233 sure clients do not have hard coded proxy settings.  The schools can
7234 change the global proxy setting by editing
7235 <tt>tjener:/etc/debian-edu/www/wpad.dat</tt> and the change propagate
7236 to all Debian Edu clients in the network.</p>
7237
7238 <p>The problem is that some systems do not understand the WPAD system.
7239 In other words, how do one get from a WPAD file like this (this is a
7240 simple one, they can run arbitrary code):</p>
7241
7242 <blockquote><pre>
7243 function FindProxyForURL(url, host)
7244 {
7245    if (!isResolvable(host) ||
7246        isPlainHostName(host) ||
7247        dnsDomainIs(host, ".intern"))
7248       return "DIRECT";
7249    else
7250       return "PROXY webcache:3128; DIRECT";
7251 }
7252 </pre></blockquote>
7253
7254 <p>to a proxy setting in the process environment looking like this:</p>
7255
7256 <blockquote><pre>
7257 http_proxy=http://webcache:3128/
7258 ftp_proxy=http://webcache:3128/
7259 </pre></blockquote>
7260
7261 <p>To do this conversion I developed a perl script that will execute
7262 the javascript fragment in the WPAD file and return the proxy that
7263 would be used for
7264 <tt><a href="http://www.debian.org/">http://www.debian.org/</a></tt>,
7265 and insert this extracted proxy URL in <tt>/etc/environment</tt> and
7266 <tt>/etc/apt/apt.conf</tt>.  The perl script wpad-extract work just
7267 fine in Squeeze, but in Wheezy the library it need to run the
7268 javascript code is <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/631045">no longer
7269 able to build</a> because the C library it depended on is now a C++
7270 library.  I hope someone find a solution to that problem before Wheezy
7271 is frozen.  An alternative would be for us to rewrite wpad-extract to
7272 use some other javascript library currently working in Wheezy, but no
7273 known alternative is known at the moment.</p>
7274
7275 <p>This automatic proxy system allow the roaming workstation (aka
7276 laptop) setup in Debian Edu/Squeeze to use the proxy when the laptop
7277 is connected to the backbone network in a Debian Edu setup, and to
7278 automatically use any proxy present and announced using the WPAD
7279 feature when it is connected to other networks.  And if no proxy is
7280 announced, direct connections will be used instead.</p>
7281
7282 <p>Silently using a proxy announced on the network might be a privacy
7283 or security problem.  But those controlling DHCP and DNS on a network
7284 could just as easily set up a transparent proxy, and force all HTTP
7285 and FTP connections to use a proxy anyway, so I consider that
7286 distinction to be academic.  If you are afraid of using the wrong
7287 proxy, you should avoid connecting to the network in question in the
7288 first place.  In Debian Edu, the proxy setup is updated using dhcp and
7289 ifupdown hooks, to make sure the configuration is updated every time
7290 the network setup changes.</p>
7291
7292 <p>The WPAD system is documented in a
7293 <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-wrec-wpad-01">IETF
7294 draft</a> and a
7295 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_Proxy_Autodiscovery_Protocol">Wikipedia
7296 page</a> for those that want to learn more.</p>
7297
7298       </div>
7299       <div class="tags">
7300
7301
7302         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7303
7304
7305       </div>
7306     </div>
7307     <div class="padding"></div>
7308
7309     <div class="entry">
7310       <div class="title">
7311         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Axel_Bojer.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Axel Bojer</a>
7312       </div>
7313       <div class="date">
7314          7th February 2012
7315       </div>
7316       <div class="body">
7317         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
7318 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet har jeg
7319 fått en av oversetterne som har vært med siden starten i tale.</p>
7320
7321 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7322
7323 <p>Jeg heter Axel Bojer og er datalærer, tysklærer, oversetter med
7324 mere.</p>
7325
7326 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7327
7328 <p>Tror jeg så en annonsering på nettet i slutten av 2001 og ville
7329 være med som oversetter.  Jeg kom med på en utviklersamling og
7330 prosjektet var da helt i starten.  Det var spennende å være med mens
7331 prosjektet vokste til og utviklet seg.</p>
7332
7333 <p>Jeg har «alltid» vært språkinteressert og hadde nettopp startet med
7334 Linux og tror jeg tenkte det passet å bidra.  Var også glad for å få
7335 en Debian-distribusjon, og ville gjerne bruke den selv.  Til å begynne
7336 med brukte jeg først Mandrake og så Debian. Og siden jeg oppdaget at
7337 det ikke var noen mulighet for å bruke den som enkeltstående i lang
7338 tid, så gikk jeg etterhvert over til Kubuntu</p>
7339
7340 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7341
7342 <p>Løsningen er forholdsvis lett å sette opp, gratis, fri programvare
7343 og gjør det mulig å gjenbruke eldre maskiner.  Det fine med Debian er
7344 at det er stabilt og har en veldig stor mengde programmer. Jeg liker
7345 også apt.  :-) Jeg liker også friheten ved Linux og muligheten til å
7346 delta og forme sin egen datahverdag.</p>
7347
7348 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7349
7350 <p>Skolelinux er for lite kjent og for sent ute med å gi ut nye
7351 versjoner.</p>
7352
7353 <p>Da jeg selv i hovedsak bruker Kubuntu, så kan jeg egentlig ikke
7354 svare så detaljert rundt ulempene med Skolelinux.  Hovedårsaken til at
7355 jeg bruker Kubuntu er nok at da vi begynte med det mener jeg det ikke
7356 var noen annen løsning.  «Vandrende arbeidsstasjon» mener jeg ikke
7357 fantes da.  Dessuten ville jeg ha siste versjon, da den KDE-versjonen
7358 som var i Skolelinux den gangen var en god del enklere (tror det var
7359 KDE 2) var dårligere i mine øyne enn versjon 3.</p>
7360
7361 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7362
7363 <p>Jeg bruker blant annet Kubuntu, LibreOffice, Thunderbird, Firefox,
7364 Kate, <a href="http://comix.sourceforge.net/">Comix</a> og Konsole.  Og
7365 en hel haug andre ved behov :-)</p>
7366
7367 <p>Har oversatt Comix selv, men det er jo ikke skjedd noe med Comix
7368 siden 2009, så den er det nok bare jeg som har.  Om andre vil ha den
7369 gir jeg den gjerne videre.  Ser at noen har startet på
7370 <a href="http://mcomix.sourceforge.net/">MComix</a> siden jeg så på så
7371 på dette sist, så nå er jeg igang med å teste og oversette den
7372 også.</p>
7373
7374 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7375 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7376
7377 <p>Det viktigste er å forankre beslutningen i kollegiet og med de som
7378 er ansvarlige for å vedlikeholde og bruke datamaskinene.  Flest mulig
7379 bør være med på å holde det (sosialt) vedlike, kjenne og støtte
7380 prinsippene. Som enkeltmannsprosjekt blir det lett veldig sårbart,
7381 særlig når (Skole)linux ennå i stor grad er en motkultur og ikke noe
7382 en stor nok andel av beslutningstakere, brukere osv kjenner til og
7383 bruker.</p>
7384
7385 <p>Jeg tror det viktigste er å fortsette å holde fri programvare godt,
7386 oppdatert, minimere antall feil, ha en god kontakt med brukerne og
7387 attraktivt og spennende programmer. Beholde alt som er bra og ha det
7388 tilgjengelig samtidig som man tilbyr det nyeste og rareste for de som
7389 vil ha det.</p>
7390
7391       </div>
7392       <div class="tags">
7393
7394
7395         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7396
7397
7398       </div>
7399     </div>
7400     <div class="padding"></div>
7401
7402     <div class="entry">
7403       <div class="title">
7404         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Saving_power_with_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_using_shutdown_at_night.html">Saving power with Debian Edu / Skolelinux using shutdown-at-night</a>
7405       </div>
7406       <div class="date">
7407          5th February 2012
7408       </div>
7409       <div class="body">
7410         <p>Since the Lenny version of
7411 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>, a
7412 feature to save power have been included.  It is as simple as it is
7413 practical: Shut down unused clients at night, and turn them on again
7414 in the morning.  This is done using the
7415 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/shutdown-at-night.html">shutdown-at-night</a> Debian package.</p>
7416
7417 <p>To enable this feature on a client, the machine need to be added to
7418 the netgroup shutdown-at-night-hosts.  For Debian Edu, this is done in
7419 LDAP, and once this is in place, the machine in question will check
7420 every hour from 16:00 until 06:00 to see if the machine is unused, and
7421 shut it down if it is.  If the hardware in question is supported by
7422 the
7423 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/n/nvram-wakeup.html">nvram-wakeup</a>
7424 package, the BIOS is told to turn the machine back on around 07:00 +-
7425 10 minutes.  If this isn't working, one can configure wake-on-lan to
7426 try to turn on the client.  The wake-on-lan option is only documented
7427 and not enabled by default in Debian Edu.</p>
7428
7429 <p>It is important to not turn all machines on at once, as this can
7430 blow a fuse if several computers are connected to the same fuse like
7431 the common setup for a classroom.  The nvram-wakeup method only work
7432 for machines with a functioning hardware/BIOS clock.  I've seen old
7433 machines where the BIOS battery were dead and the hardware clock were
7434 starting from 0 (or was it 1990?) every boot.  If you have one of
7435 those, you have to turn on the computer manually.</p>
7436
7437 <p>The shutdown-at-night package is completely self contained, and can
7438 also be used outside the Debian Edu environment.  For those without a
7439 central LDAP server with netgroups, one can instead touch the file
7440 <tt>/etc/shutdown-at-night/shutdown-at-night</tt> to enable it.
7441 Perhaps you too can use it to save some power?</p>
7442
7443       </div>
7444       <div class="tags">
7445
7446
7447         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7448
7449
7450       </div>
7451     </div>
7452     <div class="padding"></div>
7453
7454     <div class="entry">
7455       <div class="title">
7456         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_beta_version_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Third beta version of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
7457       </div>
7458       <div class="date">
7459          4th February 2012
7460       </div>
7461       <div class="body">
7462         <p>I am happy to announce that finally we managed today to wrap up and
7463 publish the third beta version of
7464 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
7465 on Squeeze.  If you want to test a LDAP backed Kerberos server with
7466 out of the box PXE configuration for running diskless machines and
7467 installing new machines, check it out.  If you need a software
7468 solution for your school, check it out too.  The full announcement is
7469 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/02/msg00000.html">available</a>
7470 on the project announcement list.</p>
7471
7472 <p>I am very happy to report these changes and improvements since
7473 beta2 (there are more, see announcement for full list):</p>
7474
7475 <ul>
7476
7477 <li>It is now possible to change the pre-configured IP subnet from
7478   10.0.0.0/8 to something else by using the subnet-change tool after
7479   the installation.</li>
7480
7481 <li>Too full partitions are now automatically extended on the Main
7482   Server, based on the rules specified in /etc/fsautoresizetab.</li>
7483
7484 <li>The CUPS queues are now automatically flushed every night, and all
7485   disabled queues are restarted every hour.  This should cut down on
7486   the amount of manual administration needed for printers.</li>
7487
7488 <li>The set of initial users have been changed.  Now a personal user
7489   for the local system administrator is created during installation
7490   instead of the previously created localadmin and super-admin users,
7491   and this user is granted administrative privileges using group
7492   membership.  This reduces the number of passwords one need to keep
7493   up to date on the system.</li>
7494
7495 </ul>
7496
7497 <p>The new main server seem to work so well that I am testing it as my
7498 private DNS/LDAP/Kerberos/PXE/LTSP server at home.  I will use it look
7499 for issues we could fix to polish Debian Edu even further before the
7500 final Squeeze release is published.</p>
7501
7502 <p>Next weekend the project organise a
7503 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/01/msg00001.html">developer
7504 gathering</a> in Oslo.  We will continue the work on the Squeeze
7505 version, and start initial planning for the Wheezy version.  Perhaps I
7506 will see you there?</p>
7507
7508       </div>
7509       <div class="tags">
7510
7511
7512         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7513
7514
7515       </div>
7516     </div>
7517     <div class="padding"></div>
7518
7519     <div class="entry">
7520       <div class="title">
7521         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Handling_non_free_firmware_in_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Handling non-free firmware in Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
7522       </div>
7523       <div class="date">
7524         27th January 2012
7525       </div>
7526       <div class="body">
7527         <p>With some computer hardware, one need non-free firmware blobs.
7528 This is the sad fact of todays computers.  In the next version of
7529 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
7530 on Squeeze, we provide several scripts and modifications to make
7531 firmware blobs easier to handle.  The common use case I run into is a
7532 laptop with a wireless network card requiring non-free firmware to
7533 work, but there are other use cases as well.</p>
7534
7535 <p>First and foremost, Debian Edu provide ISO images for DVD and CD
7536 with all firmware packages in the Debian sections main and non-free
7537 included, to ensure debian-installer find and can install all of them
7538 during installation.  This take care firmware for network devices used
7539 by the installer when installing from from local media.  But for
7540 example multimedia devices are not activated in the installer and are
7541 not taken care of by this.</p>
7542
7543 <p>For non-network devices, we provide the script
7544 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/auto-addfirmware</tt> which
7545 search through the <tt>dmesg</tt> output for drivers requesting extra
7546 firmware.  The firmware file name is looked up in the Contents-ARCH.gz
7547 file available in the package repository, and the packages providing
7548 the requested firmware file(s) is installed.  I have proposed to do
7549 something similar in debian-installer (BTS report
7550 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/655507">#655507</a>), to allow PXE
7551 installs of Debian to handle firmware installation better.  Run the
7552 script as root from the command line to fetch and install the needed
7553 firmware packages.</p>
7554
7555 <p>Debian Edu provide PXE installation of Debian out of the box, and
7556 because some machines need firmware to get their network cards
7557 working, the installation initrd some times need extra firmware
7558 included to be able to install at all.  To fill the PXE installation
7559 initrd with extra firmware, the
7560 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/pxe-addfirmware</tt> script is
7561 provided.  Again, just run it as root on the command line to fill the
7562 PXE initrd with firmware packages.</p>
7563
7564 <p>Last, some LTSP clients might also need firmware to get their
7565 network cards working.  For this,
7566 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/ltsp-addfirmware</tt> is
7567 provided to update the LTSP initrd with firmware blobs.  It is used
7568 the same way as the other firmware related tools.</p>
7569
7570 <p>At the moment, we do not run any of these during installation.  We
7571 do not know if this is acceptable for the local administrator to use
7572 non-free software, and it is their choice.</p>
7573
7574 <p>We plan to release beta3 this weekend.  You might want to give it a
7575 try.</p>
7576
7577       </div>
7578       <div class="tags">
7579
7580
7581         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7582
7583
7584       </div>
7585     </div>
7586     <div class="padding"></div>
7587
7588     <div class="entry">
7589       <div class="title">
7590         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skjermbilder_fra_nordsamisk_installasjon_av_Skolelinux_Squeeze.html">Skjermbilder fra nordsamisk installasjon av Skolelinux/Squeeze</a>
7591       </div>
7592       <div class="date">
7593         26th January 2012
7594       </div>
7595       <div class="body">
7596         <p>For morro skyld har jeg gjennomført en nordsamisk installasjon for
7597 neste utgave av <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>
7598 (Squeeze) og knipset skjermbilder av resultatet.</p>
7599
7600 <p>Som en kan se der er det noen oversettelser som mangler.  Det hadde
7601 vært hyggelig hvis alle tekstene som vises i Skolelinux-installasjonen
7602 ble oversatt til nordsamisk, men for å få det til må noen som forstår
7603 språket melde seg til dyst.  Det er mangel på nordsamiske oversettere
7604 av fri programvare.  Hvis noen starter raskt, så bør en rekke å
7605 fullføre Wheezy-utgaven før den gis ut. :)</p>
7606
7607 <p>Se <a href="http://d-i.debian.org/l10n-stats/">oversetterstatistikk for
7608 debian installer</a> for detaljert status.  Jeg har tipset
7609 <a href="https://lister.ping.uio.no/mailman/listinfo/i18n-sme">epostlisten for samiskoversettelser</a>,
7610 men det har vært veldig liten aktivitet der de siste årene.</p>
7611
7612 <p><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/01-isomenu.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/01-isomenu.png" width="40%"></a>
7613 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/02-sme-lang.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/02-sme-lang.png" width="40%"></a>
7614 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/03-sme-place.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/03-sme-place.png" width="40%"></a>
7615 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/04-sme-keymap.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/04-sme-keymap.png" width="40%"></a>
7616 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/05-sme-profile.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/05-sme-profile.png" width="40%"></a>
7617 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/06-sme-autopart.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/06-sme-autopart.png" width="40%"></a>
7618 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/07-sme-popcon.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/07-sme-popcon.png" width="40%"></a>
7619 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/08-sme-rootpw1.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/08-sme-rootpw1.png" width="40%"></a>
7620 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/09-sme-rootpw2.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/09-sme-rootpw2.png" width="40%"></a>
7621 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/10-sme-firstuser.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/10-sme-firstuser.png" width="40%"></a>
7622 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/11-sme-firstusername.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/11-sme-firstusername.png" width="40%"></a>
7623 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/12-sme-firstuserpw1.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/12-sme-firstuserpw1.png" width="40%"></a>
7624 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/13-sme-firstuserpw2.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/13-sme-firstuserpw2.png" width="40%"></a>
7625 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/14-sme-part.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/14-sme-part.png" width="40%"></a>
7626 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/15-sme-debootstrap.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/15-sme-debootstrap.png" width="40%"></a>
7627 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/16-sme-tasksel.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/16-sme-tasksel.png" width="40%"></a>
7628 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/17-sme-wordlist.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/17-sme-wordlist.png" width="40%"></a>
7629 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/18-sme-tasksel.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/18-sme-tasksel.png" width="40%"></a>
7630 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/19-sme-ltsp.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/19-sme-ltsp.png" width="40%"></a>
7631 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/20-sme-grub.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/20-sme-grub.png" width="40%"></a>
7632 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/21-sme-finish-install.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/21-sme-finish-install.png" width="40%"></a>
7633 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/22-sme-finish-message.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/22-sme-finish-message.png" width="40%"></a></p>
7634
7635       </div>
7636       <div class="tags">
7637
7638
7639         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7640
7641
7642       </div>
7643     </div>
7644     <div class="padding"></div>
7645
7646     <div class="entry">
7647       <div class="title">
7648         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Setting_up_a_new_school_with_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Setting up a new school with Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
7649       </div>
7650       <div class="date">
7651         25th January 2012
7652       </div>
7653       <div class="body">
7654         <p>The next version of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu
7655 / Skolelinux</a> will include a new tool
7656 <tt>sitesummary2ldapdhcp</tt>, which can be used to quickly set up all
7657 the computers in a school without much manual labour.  Here is a short
7658 summary on how to use it to set up a new school.</p>
7659
7660 <p>First, install a combined Main Server and Thin Client Server as the
7661 central server in the network.  Next, PXE boot all the client machines
7662 as thin clients and wait 5 minutes after the last client booted to
7663 allow the clients to report their existence to the central server.  When
7664 this is done, log on to the central server and run
7665 <tt>sitesummary2ldapdhcp -a</tt> in the <tt>konsole</tt> to use the
7666 collected information to generate system objects in LDAP.  The output
7667 will look similar to this:</p>
7668
7669 <p><blockquote><pre>
7670 % sitesummary2ldapdhcp -a
7671 info: Updating machine tjener.intern [10.0.2.2] id ether-00:01:02:03:04:05.
7672 info: Create GOsa machine for auto-mac-00-01-02-03-04-06 [10.0.16.20] id ether-00:01:02:03:04:06.
7673
7674 Enter password if you want to activate these changes, and ^c to abort.
7675
7676 Connecting to LDAP as cn=admin,ou=ldap-access,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
7677 enter password: *******
7678 %
7679 </pre></blockquote></p>
7680
7681 <p>After providing the LDAP administrative password (the same as the
7682 root password set during installation), the LDAP database will be
7683 populated with system objects for each PXE booted machine with
7684 automatically generated names.  The final step to set up the school is
7685 then to log into <a href="https://oss.gonicus.de/labs/gosa/">GOsa</a>,
7686 the web based user, group and system administration system to change
7687 system names, add systems to the correct host groups and finally
7688 enable DHCP and DNS for the systems.  All clients that should be used
7689 as diskless workstations should be added to the workstation-hosts
7690 group.  After this is done, all computers can be booted again via PXE
7691 and get their assigned names and group based configuration
7692 automatically.</p>
7693
7694 <p>We plan to release beta3 with the updated version of this feature
7695 enabled this weekend.  You might want to give it a try.</p>
7696
7697 <p>Update 2012-01-28: When calling sitesummary2ldapdhcp to add new
7698 hosts, one need to add the option -a.  I forgot to mention this in my
7699 original text, and have added it to the text now.</p>
7700
7701       </div>
7702       <div class="tags">
7703
7704
7705         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
7706
7707
7708       </div>
7709     </div>
7710     <div class="padding"></div>
7711
7712     <div class="entry">
7713       <div class="title">
7714         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Paul_Reidar_L_snesl_kken.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken</a>
7715       </div>
7716       <div class="date">
7717         18th January 2012
7718       </div>
7719       <div class="body">
7720         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
7721 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, har jeg nå
7722 lyktes med å få tak i en skolemann som ikke er aktiv med utviklingen,
7723 men likevel har vært med nesten siden starten av prosjektet.  Jeg
7724 ønsker derfor velkommen til Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken, en mann med
7725 mange års erfaring i bruk av Skolelinux.</p>
7726
7727 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7728
7729 <p>Jeg driftet tidligere IKT løsningen for skolene i
7730 <a href="http://www.nord-odal.kommune.no/">Nord-Odal</a>.  I dag er jeg
7731 IKT-konsulent for hele kommunen og samarbeider med
7732 <a href="http://www.hedmarken-ikt.no/">Hedmark-IKT</a> for best mulig
7733 tjenester til kommunen. Jeg har bakgrunn som elektronikkreparatør og
7734 grunnskolelærer og har tatt en del fag innen IKT, i hovedsak
7735 driftsfag. IKT i Nord-Odal kommune blir i dag driftet av Hedmark IKT
7736 som er et samarbeid mellom Løten, Stange, Grue, Hamar, Kongsvinger og
7737 Nord-Odal. Jeg er fortsatt "IKT-personen" på skolene i kommunen og
7738 følger opp og gjør enkelte mindre endringer der.</p>
7739
7740 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7741
7742 <p>Kommunen satset på Skolelinux i 2004.  Jeg var ikke med i
7743 beslutningsprosessen den gang, men ble likevel med fra starten når
7744 dette ble levert.</p>
7745
7746 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7747
7748 <p>Fordelene med Skolelinux er rask oppstart, sentral drift av
7749 klientene, klienter som jobber raskt og effektivt, bedre
7750 funksjonalitet på eldre utstyr og en ganske god programpakke med fri
7751 programvare som følger med.  Løsningen med halvtykke klienter gjør at
7752 prosessering skjer lokalt med alltid ferske maskiner.</p>
7753
7754 <p>Skolelinux kan fungere godt på gammelt utstyr, men det er klart at
7755 utstyr også blir for gammelt selv for Skolelinux.  I forbindelese med
7756 at vi nylig fikk nye servere og ny installasjon kastet jeg ut ca 60
7757 klienter som fortsatt var i drift etter at de var kjøpt godt brukt i
7758 2004.  Noe var rundt 15 år gammelt, men var fortsatt i bruk. Noen
7759 klaget på at det nå gikk veldig tregt på en del pedagogiske nettsider
7760 med flash o.l. Det er fullt forståelig.</p>
7761
7762 <p>Jeg fikk nylig et spørsmål fra ungdomsskolens rektor om jeg kunne
7763 legge inn <a href="http://freemind.sourceforge.net/">FreeMind</a>, et
7764 tankekartprogram , på skolens elev-Windowsmaskiner. Lærerne hadde
7765 vært på kurs og ville ta dette i bruk. Skolen har ca halvparten av
7766 elevmaskinene på bærbare Windowsmaskiner. Da kunne jeg fortelle at
7767 dette programmet allerede lå inne på den nye Skolelinuxløsningen
7768 som nettopp var satt i drift, klart til bruk.</p>
7769
7770 <p>Vi har de bærbare maskinene på ungdomsskolen i domene med
7771 Skolelinux.  Dette fungerer også meget bra nå. Elevene får opp en
7772 midlertidig windowsprofil når de logger på.  Denne profilen slettes
7773 etter at de logger av, noe som medfører rene profiler hver gang de
7774 starter opp en maskin.  De må lagre i sin Skolelinprofil, noe som
7775 medfører at de får tak i sine filer uavhengig av om de starter en
7776 Windowsmaskin eller en Skolelinuxklient. Det er mye mindre trafikk i
7777 det trådløse nettet etter at ikke hele profiler blir lastet opp til de
7778 enkelte Windowsmaskinene og tilbake når man avslutter. Jeg vet ikke om
7779 dette er standardoppsett i Skolelinux, men slik er vårt oppsett
7780 nå.</p>
7781
7782 <p>Vi har i flere år satt opp vår løsning slik at skriverkøer slettes
7783 og skrivere startes hver natt.  Hyggelig å høre at dette nå skal bli
7784 en standard i Skolelinuxløsningen.  Dette har vært en god hjelp for
7785 oss.</p>
7786
7787 <p>Elevene er lite opptatt av om de jobber på en Skolelinux eller en
7788 Windowsmaskin bare de har de programmene de trenger og at det virker
7789 når det skal brukes. Vi kjører mest mulig de samme programmene på
7790 Windows som i Skolelinux, som f.eks Audacity og LibreOffice.</p>
7791
7792 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7793
7794 <p>Lærere bruker hos oss Windows. Dette fordi de da selv har mer
7795 kontroll over sin maskin, kan bruke den overalt, og kan legge inn
7796 programmer selv når de trenger noe i forhold til kurs o.l de er
7797 på. Jeg tror lærernes selvstendighet her gjør dem tryggere på IKT-bruk
7798 generelt. Det at de av og til får opp advarsler og lignende gjør også
7799 at de må tenke igjennom og spørre om ting rundt datasikkerhet.</p>
7800
7801 <p>Det er en del programmer vi bruker som ikke finnes for Linux.  Mest
7802 brukt er nok Photostory3 som brukes i mange sammenhenger, særlig på
7803 ungdomsskolen, bl.a. til å lage herbarier (plantesamling) .  Dette
7804 finnes gratis for Windows, men er ikke fri programvare.  Vi er opptatt
7805 av at programmer elevene bruker på skolen også kan brukes gratis
7806 hjemme. Det er også en del programmer som brukes til spesielle elever
7807 som bare går i Windows. Det er viktig med fokus på funksjoner og ikke
7808 på hvilket OS man bruker.</p>
7809
7810 <p>For oss er det kombinasjonen mellom Skolelinux og Windows som gir
7811 oss en god og hel løsning. Skolelinux er best der de er gode.</p>
7812
7813 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7814
7815 <p>Selv er det LibreOffice jeg bruker til daglig.  Jeg bruker selv en
7816 Windowsmaskin. Jeg har benyttet en del fri programvare i forbindelse
7817 med sjekking av trafikk i nettverk, slik som Wireshark, men dette er
7818 jo ikke aktuelt for skolene. Jeg er generelt glad i programmer som
7819 fungerer på både Linux og Windows og gjerne MAC.</p>
7820
7821 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7822 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7823
7824 <p>Det er viktig at det benyttes programmer som elevene også kan ta i
7825 bruk hjemme.  Det skal da være enkelt, lovlig og gratis for
7826 elevene. Da er jeg ikke lenger veldig opptatt av om det kalles "fri
7827 programvare".  For skolene tror jeg "gratis" og "funksjonelt" er bedre
7828 begreper enn "fri" i forhold til programmer.  De fleste skiller nok
7829 ikke mellom "fri" og "gratis". Det er nå svært mange elever som
7830 benytter OpenOffice eller LibreOffice som sin primære kontorpakke
7831 hjemme.</p>
7832
7833       </div>
7834       <div class="tags">
7835
7836
7837         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7838
7839
7840       </div>
7841     </div>
7842     <div class="padding"></div>
7843
7844     <div class="entry">
7845       <div class="title">
7846         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Changing_the_default_Iceweasel_start_page_in_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Changing the default Iceweasel start page in Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
7847       </div>
7848       <div class="date">
7849         10th January 2012
7850       </div>
7851       <div class="body">
7852         <p>In the Squeeze version of
7853 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> soon
7854 to be released, users of the system will get their default browser
7855 start page set from LDAP, allowing the system administrator to point
7856 all users to the school web page by updating one setting in LDAP.  In
7857 addition to setting the default start page when a machine boots, users
7858 are shown the same page as a welcome page when they log in for the
7859 first time.</p>
7860
7861 <p>The LDAP object dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no have an attribute
7862 labeledURI with "http://www/ LDAP for Debian Edu/Skolelinux" as the
7863 default content.  By changing this value to another URL, all users get
7864 to see the page behind this new URL.</p>
7865
7866 <p>An easy way to update it is by using the ldapvi tool.  It can be
7867 called as "<tt>ldapvi -ZD '(cn=admin)'</tt>' to update LDAP with the
7868 new setting.</p>
7869
7870 <p>We have written the code to adjust the default start page and show
7871 the welcome page, and I wonder if there is an easier way to do this
7872 from within Iceweasel instead.</p>
7873
7874       </div>
7875       <div class="tags">
7876
7877
7878         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
7879
7880
7881       </div>
7882     </div>
7883     <div class="padding"></div>
7884
7885     <div class="entry">
7886       <div class="title">
7887         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_beta_version_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Second beta version of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
7888       </div>
7889       <div class="date">
7890          7th January 2012
7891       </div>
7892       <div class="body">
7893         <p>I am happy to announce that today we managed to wrap up and publish
7894 the second beta version of
7895 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>.  If
7896 you want to test a LDAP backed Kerberos server with out of the box PXE
7897 configuration for running diskless machines and installing new
7898 machines, check it out.  If you need a software solution for your
7899 school, check it out too.  The full announcement is
7900 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/01/msg00000.html">available</a>
7901 on the project announcement list.</p>
7902
7903       </div>
7904       <div class="tags">
7905
7906
7907         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7908
7909
7910       </div>
7911     </div>
7912     <div class="padding"></div>
7913
7914     <div class="entry">
7915       <div class="title">
7916         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fixing_an_hanging_debian_installer_for_Debian_Edu.html">Fixing an hanging debian installer for Debian Edu</a>
7917       </div>
7918       <div class="date">
7919          3rd January 2012
7920       </div>
7921       <div class="body">
7922         <p>During christmas, I have been working getting the next version of
7923 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> ready
7924 for release.  The initial problem I looked at was particularly
7925 interesting.</p>
7926
7927 <P>The installer would hang at the end when it was doing it
7928 post-installation configuration, and whatevery I did to try to find
7929 the cause and fix it always worked while I tested it, but never when I
7930 integrated it into the installer and ran the installation from
7931 scratch.  I would try to restart processes, close file descriptors,
7932 remove or create files, and the installer would always unblock and
7933 wrap up its tasks.</p>
7934
7935 <p>Eventually the cause was found.  The kernel was simply running out
7936 of entropy, causing the Kerberos setup to hang waiting for more.
7937 Pressing keys was adding entropy to the kernel, and thus all my tries
7938 to fix the problem worked not because what I was typing to fix it, but
7939 because I was typing.</P>
7940
7941 <p>The fix I implemented was to add a background process looking at
7942 the level of entropy in the kernel (by checking
7943 /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail), and if it was too small, the
7944 installer will flush the kernel file buffers and do 'find /' to
7945 generate some disk IO.  Disk IO generate entropy in the kernel, and is
7946 one of the few things that can be initated from within the system to
7947 generate entropy.</p>
7948
7949 <p>The fix is in
7950 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/Installation">beta1
7951 of the Debian Edu/Squeeze</a> version, and we
7952 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu">welcome more testers and
7953 developers</a>.  We plan to release beta2 this weekend.</p>
7954
7955       </div>
7956       <div class="tags">
7957
7958
7959         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7960
7961
7962       </div>
7963     </div>
7964     <div class="padding"></div>
7965
7966     <div class="entry">
7967       <div class="title">
7968         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Peter_Hansteen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Peter Hansteen</a>
7969       </div>
7970       <div class="date">
7971         11th December 2011
7972       </div>
7973       <div class="body">
7974         <p>Etter en lang pause er det klart for neste mann ut i min serie med
7975 intervjuer av
7976 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-relaterte personer.
7977
7978 Denne gangen har jeg besøk av et avtroppende styremedlem i
7979 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, og en mann
7980 som har vært aktiv i Linux-miljøet i Bergen siden 90-tallet.</p>
7981
7982 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7983
7984 <p>Jeg heter Peter Hansteen, og jobber til daglig som seniorkonsulent
7985 i EDB ErgoGroup i Bergen.  I praksis betyr det systemadministrasjon på
7986 Unix (primært Solaris, men en viss komponent av Linux).  Men Solaris
7987 er for meg et relativt nytt bekjentskap, hovedplattformen min har
7988 generelt vært OpenBSD og til dels FreeBSD.</p>
7989
7990 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7991
7992 <p>Jeg husker ikke helt alle detaljene mer ;) - men jeg tror det var
7993 gjennom news-gruppen no.it.os.unix.linux.diverse, efn-listen og
7994 etterhvert også BLUG-miljøet her i Bergen.  Vi hadde et par
7995 Skolelinux-sentrerte BLUG-møter for noen år siden, og det har vært et
7996 par Skolelinux-utviklersamlinger her.</p>
7997
7998 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7999
8000 <p>Jeg bruker dessverre ikke Skolelinux daglig. Men slik jeg kjenner
8001 prosjektet har det vært i stand til å ta opp i seg det beste av fri
8002 programvare i mange kategorier, så fra et sysadmin-perspektiv ser det
8003 ut som en svært behagelig sak.  For brukerne er det vel både en fordel
8004 og en ulempe at det ikke er Windows. Men vi håper at fordelene med et
8005 fritt system etterhvert vil bli åpenbare for både elever, lærekrefter
8006 og foreldre.</p>
8007
8008 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8009
8010 <p>Vel, ulempen er vel først og fremst at andre aktører med mer
8011 kapitalmuskel har klart å etablere seg som det både lærere og foreldre
8012 føler seg trygge på, selv om det etter mitt hode ikke er noen grunn
8013 til å være spesielt trygg på de kommersielle alternativene.</p>
8014
8015 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8016
8017 <p>Når jeg får bestemme helt selv, bruker jeg kun fri programvare. Da
8018 helst med vekt på ting som kjører greit på OpenBSD.  Hjemme er det
8019 OpenBSD, Ubuntu eller FreeBSD vi bruker.  På skrivebordet er det en
8020 avveining mellom Gnome, KDE eller hva-det-nå-heter som er
8021 standardvalget i Ubuntu, ellers er det de kjente tingene som
8022 LibreOffice, Emacs, mplayer.  På server er det selvfølgelig Apache,
8023 for overvåking både OpenNMS og Nagios (det bare ble sånn, og
8024 forskjellige siter).  Jeg skriver til tider om slikt jeg holder på med
8025 på
8026 <a href="http://bsdly.blogspot.com">http://bsdly.blogspot.com</a>.</p>
8027
8028 <p>Men vi må nevne at selv vi har en Microsoft-ting som vi slår på når
8029 vi av en eller annen grunn må. Det betyr igjen vanligvis når en
8030 mobiltelefon eller en annen lukket elektronisk dings krever kontakt
8031 via en slik for å få oppdateringene sine.</p>
8032
8033 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8034 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8035
8036 <p>Hadde vi hatt det rette svaret på det spørsmålet, så hadde vi
8037 gjerne hatt Skolelinux som førstevalg på alle skoler ;)</p>
8038
8039 <p>Men jeg tror vi må legge vekt på flere forskjellige ting.  En helt
8040 sentral sak er å fokusere på fri programvare og åpne standarder som de
8041 demokratiske verdiene de faktisk er.  Det har kanskje kommet litt for
8042 mye i bakgrunnen i forhold til strevet etter å lage det mest mulig
8043 'brukervennlige' systemet.  Det er en tung vei å gå, så det er
8044 forståelig at freenix-aktivister heller velger å skrive kode og annet
8045 som er mer lystbetont. Mer praktisk tror jeg vi må gjøre i alle fall
8046 to ting: For det første sørge for å fortsette med å levere det best
8047 mulige frie produktet, slik at det er lett å både komme i gang og
8048 holde systemene i daglig drift, og for det andre 2) spore opp mulige
8049 aktivister der de finnes, via lokale brukergrupper, sosiale medier
8050 eller annet og sørge for at de fortsetter å være aktive.  Mer og
8051 mindre uformelle treff kan være nyttig i tillegg til de mer
8052 organiserte møtene med foredrag, konferanser og utviklersamlinger.</p>
8053
8054       </div>
8055       <div class="tags">
8056
8057
8058         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8059
8060
8061       </div>
8062     </div>
8063     <div class="padding"></div>
8064
8065     <div class="entry">
8066       <div class="title">
8067         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Frode_Jemtland.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Frode Jemtland</a>
8068       </div>
8069       <div class="date">
8070         27th July 2011
8071       </div>
8072       <div class="body">
8073         <p>Neste mann ut i min serie med intervjuer av Skolelinux-relaterte
8074 personer er en tidligere styreleder i
8075 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a> som var med
8076 fra starten av
8077 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-prosjektet.</p>
8078
8079 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8080
8081 <p>Mitt navn er Frode Jemtland, og jeg jobber i Hedmark IKT, som er et
8082 driftsselskap for Grue, Hamar, Kongsvinger, Løten, Nord-Odal og Stange
8083 kommuner. Her er jeg leder for avdelingen Løsninger og Arkitektur. Vi
8084 har i hovedansvar for servere, infrastruktur og løsninger som
8085 helhet.</p>
8086
8087 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8088
8089 <p>Jobbet i IBM fra 2000, og da spesielt med Linux. Dette var da et av
8090 de mest tydelige linux prosjektene i Norge, og her ønsket jeg å
8091 bidra. Var aktivt med i prosjektet i 4-5 år.</p>
8092
8093 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8094
8095 <p>Fordelene slik jeg ser det er den sentraliserte driftmodellen, og
8096 alle de vel gjennomtenkte løsningene som er inkludert i denne
8097 løsningen. Samtidig er det basert på en stabil, og godt kjent
8098 plattform. Dette vil si at man har en løsning som skal være mye
8099 tilgjengelig, og hvor det er relativt enkelt å få tak i personer som
8100 kan mye om den grunnleggende plattformen.</p>
8101
8102 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8103
8104 <p>De største utfordringene med en løsningen er at den er intensiv på f.eks
8105 nettverk. I seg selv ikke et problem for en enkelt skole, men skal løsningen
8106 kjøres i større skala, med sentraliserte servere, så gir dette noen
8107 utfordringer.</p>
8108
8109 <p>Utifra hva jeg har sett på større installasjoner så er det ikke så
8110 enkelt å skjønne, hva som bør gjøres for at den skal skaleres opp, og
8111 da ta godt vare på alle sider av dette, ikke bare mer server å fordele
8112 last/trykk, men hvordan også beholde robustheten og fleksibiliteten i
8113 løsningen.</p>
8114
8115 <p>En annen utfordring er at stadig flere produkter som skal brukes i
8116 skoleløsningen ikke er laget til å kunne brukes i en
8117 skolelinuxløsning. Det blir derfor fort mye skreddersøm i de
8118 forskjellige installasjonene, for å få diverse pedagogiske programmer,
8119 webløsninger, smartboards, m.m. til å fungere.  Man er også en for
8120 liten kundebase til at leverandørene ønsker å gjøre noe med
8121 utfordringen. Problemet overlates til oss.</p>
8122
8123 <p>Det er også en kontinuerlig utfordring rundt problemet med å holde
8124 programvare på stabile versjoner, kontra å få ny funksjonalitet. Dette
8125 er jo en konflikt mellom oss som ønsker å drifte en stabil, og
8126 kostnadseffektiv løsning, mot sluttbrukerne som ønsker seg funksjoner
8127 det er vant med fra andre løsninger, eller som de må ha for at et
8128 eller annet nytt produkt skal fungere i løsningen. Dette er en
8129 utfordring også for andre plattformer.</p>
8130
8131 <p>En siste utfordring som ikke har noe med løsningen å gjøre, men med
8132 det omkringliggende miljøet denne skal kjøre i, er at de enhetene som
8133 skal drifte dataløsninger for kommuner og fylkeskommuner begynner å
8134 profesjonaliseres, og er da avhengig av å ha standard løsninger for å
8135 drifte store brukermasser. MS er selvsagt klar over dette, og har jo
8136 nå flere områder de begynner å bli veldig dominerende på. Den største,
8137 og mest problematiske er katalogtjenesten.  Man får snart ikke tak i
8138 større løsninger som ikke krever en AD. Når man da har store enheter
8139 som drifter både kommunalt ansatte og skoler, så vil det være et
8140 stordriftargument å standardisere på en katalog tjeneste, og da har
8141 man ikke noe valg. Her er alle slike driftsenheter for små til å få
8142 gjort om på dette. Her burde konkurransemyndighetene kommet på
8143 banen. Men konkurransetilsynet i USA griper sjeldent (og ikke før det
8144 har gått veldig lang tid) inn i monopolsituasjoner så lenge
8145 monopolisten er et amerikansk firma, så da har vel ikke andre
8146 myndigheter så mye de skulle ha sagt....</p>
8147
8148 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8149
8150 <p>Privat kjører jeg Debian på alle mine datamaskiner. Det gjør jeg
8151 også på min jobbmaskin. Vi har også 15-20 linux servere av typene
8152 SuSE, Debian, Redhat, CentOS m.m. Jeg bruker derfor mye fri
8153 programvare. Av enkelt programmer kan sikkert masse nevnes. Hvis vi
8154 skal begrense oss til daglig, så må jeg si: OpenOffice, Firefox,
8155 Kontact, Kopete, Amarok,
8156 <a href="http://gramps-project.org/">Gramps</a>, Kate, ssh, bash,
8157 rsync, backuppc m.m.</p>
8158
8159 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8160 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8161
8162 <p>Det er et godt spørsmål, som jeg har lurt på selv.</p>
8163
8164 <p>Argumentene som ofte har vært brukt om at ting koster mindre holder
8165 ikke mål når man ser på hva som faktisk koster penger. Det er de
8166 ansatte som er en kostnadsdriver. Det vil si at hvis man har et system
8167 som den ansatte kan, så vil en kostnad på dette systemet kunne
8168 forsvares ganske mye ved at den ansatte gjør dette raskere og
8169 effektivt. Også uten å måtte eventuelt leie inn folk.</p>
8170
8171 <p>Jeg syns det er viktigere å fokusere på prinsippet med å velge fri
8172 programvare, men det er også et felt hvor man fort møter lite
8173 forståelse blant de ansatte i skolen.</p>
8174
8175 <p>Her må nok strategien fortsette å være at de sentrale myndighetene
8176 må sende tydelige signaler for hva de ønsker at offentlige enheter
8177 skal gjøre. Det var mye positivt på gang ang. dette for et par år
8178 siden. Både med eNorge og eKommune planene, men dette syns jeg har
8179 stoppet opp. En del av dette kan jo kanskje være usikkerheten som
8180 etter hvert har blitt, når man har sett kompleksiteten i de
8181 prosjektene som har blitt igangsatt. Det har også blitt noe usikkerhet
8182 i markedet ref. Sun, Oracle, Novell, Microsoft m.m.  Samtidig har jo
8183 også de proprietære programleverandørene sørget for å endre sine
8184 lisenser slik at man uansett ikke slipper unna kostnaden til deres
8185 produkter, selv om man skulle velge alternativer. Da er det økonomiske
8186 argumentet, som jeg nevnte tidligere, spilt ganske godt ut over
8187 sidelinjen.</p>
8188
8189       </div>
8190       <div class="tags">
8191
8192
8193         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8194
8195
8196       </div>
8197     </div>
8198     <div class="padding"></div>
8199
8200     <div class="entry">
8201       <div class="title">
8202         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Marius_Kotsbak.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Marius Kotsbak</a>
8203       </div>
8204       <div class="date">
8205         10th April 2011
8206       </div>
8207       <div class="body">
8208         <p>Neste mann ut er Marius Kotsbak, styremedlem i
8209 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a> og mangeårig
8210 bidragsyter i
8211 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-prosjektet.</p>
8212
8213 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8214
8215 <p>Jeg er en systemutvikler/kybernetiker og jobber med dette til
8216 daglig. På fritiden tester jeg ut/bruker mye fri programvare, og
8217 bidrar med testing og utvikling når jeg ser stort nok behov for det og
8218 jeg har noe å bidra med.</p>
8219
8220 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8221
8222 <p>Hmm, det er lenge siden, så det er nesten så jeg ikke husker. Jeg
8223 hadde vel hørt om prosjektet i media før en gjeng i Trondheim startet
8224 opp SPIST, Skolelinux-prosjektet i Sør-Trøndelag, hvor vi hjalp noen
8225 skoler i nærområdet med å installere Skolelinux og finne brukt
8226 IT-utstyr til disse. Det var moro å gjøre noe praktisk for å spre
8227 Skolelinux, og å se hvor fort gjort det var å sette opp utrangerte
8228 klientmaskiner og få disse opp som tynnklienter på helt nye datasaler
8229 på skolene, kun med kostnaden til servere.</p>
8230
8231 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8232
8233 <p>Det er et system spesielt skreddersydd for drift av et stort antall
8234 klienter mot servere, og da spesielt i henhold til skolers behov.  Det
8235 er enkelt og billig å installere og drifte, og det trenger ikke ny
8236 maskinvare for god ytelse.</p>
8237
8238 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8239
8240 <p>Hardwarestøtten kunne vært bedre og i enda større grad
8241 installerbart rett ut av boksen.  Distribusjonen har til tider hatt
8242 litt gammel programvare pga. at den følger Debian sine utgivelser.
8243 Kanskje man skulle vurdert en versjon basert på Ubuntu eller andre
8244 distribusjoner i tillegg?</p>
8245
8246 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8247
8248 <p>Oi, det er ikke lite. Her er det jeg kommer på i farta.  Jeg bruker
8249 Linux og Ubuntu, og på Ubuntu programene Firefox, Thunderbird,
8250 Chromium, Pidgin, Digikam, OpenOffice, Wireshark, git og irssi.
8251 Telefonen min er en Android, og der bruker jeg programmene K-9 Mail,
8252 OI Shopping list, Shuffle, ZXing, OI Notepad og ADW Desktop.  På jobb
8253 bruker jeg JBoss, Eclipse, uCLinux for Blackfin, RCF-CPP, Qt, Maven,
8254 og boost-bibliotekene for C++.</p>
8255
8256 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8257 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8258
8259 <p>En bør fokusere på totalkostnader inkludert driftsbehov,
8260 fleksibilitet, åpenhet og ikke låsing til en leverandør framfor sparte
8261 lisenskostnader, samt programvarens kvalitet og fortrinn, og at den
8262 fritt kan brukes på et ubegrenset antall PC-er, også hjemme hos
8263 elevene.  En bør også forbedre den fri programvaren ved testing,
8264 bugrapportering og kodebidrag om man kan, og ikke anbefale programvare
8265 uten at man har forsikret seg at den har tilstrekkelig kvalitet,
8266 ellers kan man lett oppnå det motsatte.  Tror en bør selge inn
8267 konseptet til fylkes-/statsnivå, kanskje med bidrag til
8268 utviklingsarbeid fra disse som alle landets skoler kan få glede
8269 av.</p>
8270
8271       </div>
8272       <div class="tags">
8273
8274
8275         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8276
8277
8278       </div>
8279     </div>
8280     <div class="padding"></div>
8281
8282     <div class="entry">
8283       <div class="title">
8284         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Odin_Hetland_N_sen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Odin Hetland Nøsen</a>
8285       </div>
8286       <div class="date">
8287         28th March 2011
8288       </div>
8289       <div class="body">
8290         <p>Mine bloggposter om Linux i skolene i Norge førte til at inspektør
8291 og ildsjel på Harestad skole tok kontakt og fortalte at de bruker
8292 Linux på sin skole, og lurte på om de kunne bidra til å gjøre
8293 fordelene kjent.  Riktig nok bruker de ikke
8294 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> på denne skolen,
8295 men jeg synes dette er en god anledning til å gjøre flere fasetter
8296 rundt Linux-økosystemet kjent, og tok et lite intervju.</p>
8297
8298 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8299
8300 <p>Mitt navn er Odin Hetland Nøsen og er en 70-modell. Jeg er bosatt i
8301 Stavanger og jobber nå på 9. året som undervisninginspektør på
8302 Harestad skole i Randaberg kommune (nabokommune til Stavanger).</p>
8303
8304 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8305
8306 <p>I 2002 begynte daværende IKT-ansvarlige og jeg et arbeid på skolen
8307 med å gå over fra Win98 til... noe annet. Vi testet en rekke
8308 forskjellige løsninger, deriblant Skolelinux, men endte opp med
8309 RedHat. Skolelinux var den gang ikke modent for det vi ville ha.  Jeg
8310 har siden fulgt jevnlig med på hva skolelinux holder på med, men har
8311 hele tiden vært bedre fornøyd med vår egen "standardiserte" løsning på
8312 RedHat/CentOS og Fedora. Vi snuser for tiden på Ubuntu som løsning på
8313 klientsiden.</p>
8314
8315 <p>I dag har vi på skolen vår en større linux-løsning med 400 klienter
8316 som kjører en blanding av LTSP (tynnklient) og DRBL (tykk klient uten
8317 harddisk) med en masse tjenere på serverrommet. Vi drifter hele
8318 sulamitten selv med webtjener, eposttjener, webmail, filtjenere,
8319 virtuelle tjenere osv.  Og IT-ansvarlig har en 80% stilling som
8320 IT-ansvarlig - og så er han KoH-lærer i de resterende 20% :-)</p>
8321
8322 <p>Du kan få en ide om hva vi holder på med om du går inn på
8323 <a href="http://www.gnuskole.no/">http://www.gnuskole.no/</a>.</p>
8324
8325 <p>For å ta brodden av frykten for at ildsjeler gjør skolen sårbar om
8326 ildsjelene falle fra, har jeg forsikret kommunen og skolesjefen i
8327 Randaberg om at det finnes godt kommersielle tjenester vi kan benytte
8328 oss av - om det skulle bli nødvendig. Vi er tre stykker i kommunen som
8329 nå har <strong>god</strong> linux-kompetanse ift. å drifte et større
8330 system.  IT-avdelingen i kommunen vil ikke ta på oss med ildtang -
8331 selv om vi nok har større IT-kompetanse mot linux enn det de selv har
8332 mot windows (de kjøper en <strong>masse</strong> konsulenttjenester
8333 fra ErgoGroup).</p>
8334
8335 <p>I kvantitet er Harestad og Grødem skole tilsammen et større
8336 IT-system enn resten av Randaberg kommune + Kvitsøy og Rennesøy, som
8337 kommunen også har driftsansvar for.  Vi har som sagt rundt 800
8338 maskiner, mens kommunen med sitt driftsansvar har ansvar for rundt 500
8339 maskiner. Det er selvfølgelig litt forskjell i hvor kritiske
8340 tjenestene våre er, men det gir allikevel et litt rart bilde når
8341 IT-avdelingen overhode ikke er interessert i å snakke med oss om
8342 hvordan vi gjør ting :-)</p>
8343
8344 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8345
8346 <p>Fra linux-perspektivet (ikke bare Skolelinux) er det en fordel av
8347 systemet er basert på fri programvare - og dermed fritt i ordets mange
8348 betydninger. Det er alt vi trenger: stabilt, relativt enkelt å drifte
8349 (tross alt - et større windowssystem er ikke enkelt å holde live det
8350 heller), rimelig i innkjøp og drift, og sist, men ikke minst, det er
8351 moderne for sluttbruker! Linux, i sine mange varianter,
8352 <strong>ser</strong> nytt ut, fordi det hele tiden blir
8353 oppdatert. Derfor lever systemet opp til hvordan elever forventer at
8354 et moderne GUI skal være (i motsetning til WinXP :-).</p>
8355
8356 <p>Vi var veldig pragmatiske da vi begynte med linux i skolen. Det var
8357 billig, det fungerte og kunne bruke alle de gamle windows-maskinene
8358 som "nye" tynne klienter.  I dag er vi mer bevisste fri
8359 programvare-tilhengere.  Vi har oppdaget hva det er - og vi liker
8360 det!</p>
8361
8362 <p>En av de <strong>store</strong> fordelene med fri programvare er at
8363 vi kan installere tjenester vi ønsker å tilby brukerne våre - uten å
8364 måtte tenke på om vi har råd til lisensene (fordi det er ingen). Alt
8365 vi setter i produksjon er ut i fra brukernes behov og vår kapasitet
8366 til å drifte dem. Vi skreddersyr tjenestene etter behovet og dermed
8367 trenger vi ikke ende opp med å kjøpe en pakke der vi egentlig bare var
8368 interessert i en liten del av den.</p>
8369
8370 <p>Bruk av linux frigjør ikke økonomiske midler, fordi midlene til IKT
8371 i skole er for få i utgangspunktet - men vi får så
8372 <strong>mye</strong> mer igjen for dem når vi bruker en linux-løsning
8373 fremfor en windows-løsning. I praksis ser vi at vi måtte ut med det
8374 dobbelte på budsjettet vårt om vi skulle hatt en tilsvarende
8375 windows-løsning, som det vi i dag drifter med linux.</p>
8376
8377 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8378
8379 <p>Ikke all pedagogisk programvare er tilgjengelig. Det er en del
8380 programvare i skolen som er laget med utviklerverktøy som bare virker
8381 i windows, f.eks. Drillpro, LingDys/LingWrite. Det er også
8382 "programmer" som bare virker om du har tilgang til Microsoft Office,
8383 f.eks. AskiRaski.</p>
8384
8385 <p>Vi sliter også litt med at video-codecer ikke alltid er like lett å
8386 få opp å gå på klientene. Det er alltid en eller annen videosnutt fra
8387 nrk.no som ikke er så samarbeidsvillig, uansett mediaplayer.</p>
8388
8389 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8390
8391 <p>Alt :-) På skolen bruker vi det som finnes og som er nyttig. Det vi
8392 bruker mest er Firefox (jobber med Chrome, fordi det er
8393 <strong>mye</strong> raskere med Flash enn Firefox), OpenOffice (skal
8394 over til LibreOffice), GIMP osv. Standardpakken av
8395 sluttbrukerprogrammer.</p>
8396
8397 <p>På tjenernivå bruker vi OpenWebMail (skal over til Zimbra), Exim
8398 osv.</p>
8399
8400 <p>Personlig bruker jeg de fleste programmer over flere plattformer,
8401 men jeg har lagt meg til en vane å prioritere bruken av fri
8402 programvare også i Windows 7 og OSX.</p>
8403
8404 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8405 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8406
8407 <p>Jeg er langt i fra sikker. For det første handler det mye om at
8408 IKT-avdelingen i kommunen ofte er de som styrer hva som er IKT på
8409 skolene - og de liker å bruke avtalene med Microsoft, som de garantert
8410 har fra før.  Dessuten - Select 6-avtalen til skolene gjør Microsoft
8411 skvettbillig.</p>
8412
8413 <p>Vi la vekt på effektiv drift av systemet - og at vi kunne øke
8414 antall maskiner uten å måtte øke budsjett for utstyr eller personell
8415 særlig mye, enn om vi hadde gått for en Microsoft-løsning. I praksis
8416 ser vi at en ren linux-installasjon driftes til halve prisen av en
8417 Microsoft-løsning.</p>
8418
8419 <p>Vi har i praksis også sett at det lærerne (og elevene) liker er at
8420 vi tilbyr <strong>veldig</strong> mange tjenester som ikke er så
8421 vanlige i en Microsoft-løsning. Det er ikke så vanlig at
8422 <strong>elevene</strong> også har epost, hjemmekontor osv. Det har vi
8423 også brukt som et vellykket argument mot Microsoft.</p>
8424
8425 <p>Den beste måten er selvfølgelig at noen bare bestemmer
8426 det. Problemet er å få dem som har makt til å bestemme det til faktisk
8427 å gjøre det ;-)</p>
8428
8429       </div>
8430       <div class="tags">
8431
8432
8433         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8434
8435
8436       </div>
8437     </div>
8438     <div class="padding"></div>
8439
8440     <div class="entry">
8441       <div class="title">
8442         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Astri_Sletteng.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Astri Sletteng</a>
8443       </div>
8444       <div class="date">
8445         27th February 2011
8446       </div>
8447       <div class="body">
8448         <p>En dame som har bidratt lenge til fri programvare i skoleverket og
8449 i foreningen som organiserer skolelinux-utviklersamlinger,
8450 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, er neste
8451 intervjuoffer.  Det er en glede å her presentere en lærer fra Håkvik.</p>
8452
8453 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8454
8455 <p>Jeg heter Astri Sletteng. Jeg er lærer og IKT veileder ved Håkvik
8456 skole i Narvik kommune.  Min bakgrunn når det gjelder IKT: Av formell
8457 utdannelse har jeg lærerutdanning, Master i skoleledelse og IKT for
8458 lærere. Har jobba som IKT veileder siden 2002.</p>
8459
8460 <p>Det viktigste for meg som IKT veileder er å få fundamentert den
8461 5. basisferdigheten, digital kompetanse ved skolen min på en god måte
8462 slik at hele skolesamfunnet tar i bruk IKT i alle fag. Dette arbeidet
8463 gjøres i nært samarbeid med skolens ledelse.</p>
8464
8465 <p>Min viktigste jobb som IKT veileder er å være motivator og pådriver
8466 i IKT arbeidet ved skolen.</p>
8467
8468 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8469
8470 <p>Jobber i en kommune hvor vi satser på Fri programvare. I 2004 ble
8471 det gjort et politisk vedtak om at vi skulle innføre Skolelinux ved
8472 alle skolene i kommunen. Jeg har dermed en god del erfaring med
8473 Skolelinux, samt annen fri programvare som Open Office, Joomla, Moodle
8474 etc.</p>
8475
8476 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8477
8478 <p>Siden vi jobber med åpen kildekode kan vi få programmene og
8479 produktene tilpasset vår bruk. Det er jo heller ikke en ulempe at
8480 skolen kommer bedre ut økonomisk, men først og fremst er det viktig
8481 for oss at vi har digitale systemer som gjør at vi kan følge
8482 læreplanen i alle fag. Det syns jeg at vi kan gjøre gjennom
8483 Skolelinux.</p>
8484
8485 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8486
8487 <p>Skolen er avhengige av å ha folk på IT avdelinga i kommunen som kan
8488 drive support, og være tilgjengelige når vi trenger hjelp. Det er en
8489 ulempe at ikke alle på denne avdelingen nødvendigvis er god på
8490 Linux.</p>
8491
8492 <p>Vi har også noen utfordringer når det kommer til spesielle
8493 programmer som enkelte elever er avhengige av ? og som ikke er
8494 plattform uavhengige. Her har vi i Friprog-verden, men også
8495 departement en jobb å gjøre.</p>
8496
8497 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8498
8499 <p>Skolen vår bruker Skolelinux, Open Office, Iceweazel (Mozilla),
8500 VLC, Tux paint, Scribus, FreeMind, GIMP, digiKam, Ksnapshot, GeoGebra,
8501 Moodle (innført på alle klassetrinn + som et administrativt verktøy)
8502 og Joomla som hjemmeside.<p>
8503
8504 <p>Det er de jeg kommer på i farten. I tillegg har vi Smartboard
8505 installert på server, men det regnes vel ikke som fri programvare?</p>
8506
8507 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8508 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8509
8510 <p>Først og fremst trenger skolen oppetider på sine datasystemer. Syns
8511 også at det at vi kan få tilpasset plattform og systemer til vår bruk
8512 er en god strategi å bruke.</p>
8513
8514       </div>
8515       <div class="tags">
8516
8517
8518         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8519
8520
8521       </div>
8522     </div>
8523     <div class="padding"></div>
8524
8525     <div class="entry">
8526       <div class="title">
8527         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Rub_n_Romero_y_Cordero.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Rubén Romero y Cordero</a>
8528       </div>
8529       <div class="date">
8530         16th February 2011
8531       </div>
8532       <div class="body">
8533         <p>Styret i foreningen som organiserer skolelinux-utviklersamlinger,
8534 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, er fullt av
8535 flinke folk.  Denne gangen har jeg fått et ferskt styremedlem som
8536 kommer fra Ubuntu-miljøet i tale.</p>
8537
8538 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8539
8540 <p>Rubén Romero y Cordero, 81-modell, deltidspappa (50%) for en jente
8541 på 6 år. Jobber i Oslo som Global Sales Executive hos Varnish Software
8542 og til daglig har jeg kontakt med kunder fra hele verden. Min
8543 forkjærlighet for fri programvare har gjort at jeg har nå flere års
8544 erfaring med salg av slike løsninger (bl.a. fra Redpill Linpro og
8545 Freecode) og mye innsikt og kunnskap om det globale IT-markedet.
8546 Ellers er jeg involvert i flere prosjekter bl.a. er jeg Ubuntu
8547 Community medlem, kontaktpersonen for Ubuntu Norge og driveren av
8548 SpreadUbuntu marketing prosjektet og nå fersk styremedlem i FRISK. Jeg
8549 har brukt GNU/Linux siden 1997.</p>
8550
8551 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8552
8553 <p>Som Debian bruker siden slutten av 90-tallet var det uunngåelig å
8554 ikke komme bort i Skolelinux. Dette var vel i slutten av 2001 når jeg
8555 var student ved UiO. Flere år senere fikk jeg lastet og testet Venus
8556 (Skolelinux 1.0) på release dagen.</p>
8557
8558 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8559
8560 <p>Fri programvare bygges sten for sten i det åpne, slik at koden og
8561 prosessen den lages på kan gjennomskues av andre enn de som har laget
8562 det. Det er et vitenskapelig og gjennomsiktig måte å lage programvare
8563 på.</p>
8564
8565 <p>Skoler i vårt samfunn skal være steder hvor vitenskapelig kunnskap
8566 deles til alle.  I dag har vi ikke et vitenskapelig tilnærming til
8567 hvordan programvaren som brukes på skolen lages. Skolelinux bringer
8568 inn at slik tilnærming i skoleverkets klasserom, siden
8569 operativsystemet er en åpent platform som gir skolene muligheten til å
8570 dra nytte av programvare som er laget av tusenvis av mennesker verden
8571 rundt og som gir elevene så vel som lærerne muligheten til å bruke,
8572 dele, forandre og forbedre OSet sitt uten begrensninger. I den
8573 forbindelsen representerer Skolelinux også konkrete resultater utfra
8574 samhandling på tvers av grenser.</p>
8575
8576 <p>Når det gjelder de tekniske fordelene av Skolelinux er jeg sikker
8577 på at andre enn meg har allerede beskrevet disse bedre enn det jeg
8578 kan.  Men jeg kan likevel tilføye noe: Skolelinux som sådan er en
8579 community-drevet operativsystemplatform. Som i ethvert
8580 community-prosjekt har alle Skolelinux brukere muligheten til å
8581 påvirke retning av prosjektet og resultatet som gjenspeiles i
8582 programvaren. Dette kommer sjeldent frem og jeg mener at det er noe
8583 som burde fokuseres mer på.</p>
8584
8585 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8586
8587 <p>De største ulempene er:</p>
8588
8589 <ul>
8590 <li>Mangel på kompetanse</li>
8591 <li>Mangel av administrative verktøy som kunne hjelpe lokale IT
8592   avdelinger å bruke Skolelinux til mer enn bare en tjener for
8593   terminalklienter. Et eksempel: Zentyal sin web-dashboard.</li>
8594 </ul>
8595
8596 <p>Bedre og mer intuitive administrative verktøy kunne løst deler av
8597 problemet, men det er unektelig at ved bruk av Skolelinux må
8598 IT-personalet vite hva de gjør for å få ting gjort riktig, eller i det
8599 hele tatt. Med andre platformer er kompetansen enklere tilgjengelig og
8600 løsningene kan fungere på en tilfredstillende, om ikke riktig
8601 måte.</p>
8602
8603 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8604
8605 <p>Har brukt GNU/Linux utelukkende sommitt skrivebord OS siden 2000. I
8606 dag bruker jeg Ubuntu og gjør det meste med friprogramvare verktøyene
8607 som er tilgjengelige der. Med over 20.000 programmer å velge mellom er
8608 dette mer enn nok for de fleste brukerne.</p>
8609
8610 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8611 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8612
8613 <p>Opplysning og pragmatikk.  Vi prøver å løse problemer med bruk av
8614 programvare. De fleste utfordringene skolene har på IKT-siden kan
8615 løses ved hjelp av friprogramvareverktøy i dag. Det som trenges er
8616 opplysning, kunnskap og kompetanse.</p>
8617
8618       </div>
8619       <div class="tags">
8620
8621
8622         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8623
8624
8625       </div>
8626     </div>
8627     <div class="padding"></div>
8628
8629     <div class="entry">
8630       <div class="title">
8631         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Morten_Amundsen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Morten Amundsen</a>
8632       </div>
8633       <div class="date">
8634         23rd January 2011
8635       </div>
8636       <div class="body">
8637         <p>Denne gangen er det Tromsøkontoret til Friprog-senteret, og nyvalgt
8638 styremedlem i <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen
8639 FRISK</a> jeg har fått i tale i min intervjuserie med
8640 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-folk.</p>
8641
8642 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8643
8644 <p>Jeg heter Morten Amundsen og jobber i
8645 <a href="http://www.friprog.no/">Friprog.no</a>, men er for tiden leid
8646 ut til <a href="http://www.bredbandsfylket.no/">Bredbåndsfylket
8647 Troms</a> der jeg jobber med ett prosjekt som heter
8648 "<a href="http://www.bredbandsfylket.no/skolefjoela.157417.no.html">Skolefjøla</a>"
8649 Vi ser på en åpen løsning som integrerer eksisterende lukkete
8650 løsninger sammen med fri programvare. Målet er å gi elever og lærere
8651 en plattform som de kan tilpasse utfra behov.</p>
8652
8653 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8654
8655 <p>Skolelinux har jeg møtt ved flere anledninger opp gjennom åra, både gjennom
8656 entusiastiske skolelinuxbrukere og skeptiske "forståsegpåere" :-)</p>
8657
8658 <p>Jeg husker en leverandør av et stort OS for noen år siden mente at
8659 Skolelinux var kun for hackere og nerder og at ingen seriøse skoler
8660 kunne ta dette i bruk.  Heldigvis er kunnskapen større nå og
8661 skikkelige "IT-folk" søker alltid å utvide sin kunnskap.
8662
8663 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8664
8665 <p>Ja det er mange fordeler. Uavhengighet, stabilitet, åpenhet, standarder
8666 osv. Tror det er viktig at man ikke begrenser mulighetene på den plattformen
8667 elevene skal jobbe.</p>
8668
8669 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8670
8671 <p>Det største hinderet er det vi opplever på andre områder rundt
8672 fri programvare, nemlig kunnskap. For mange er det trygt å velge det vi
8673 alltid har valgt. Fordi leverandørene rundt oss sitter på den kunnskapen og
8674 de vi støtter oss på har den samme.  Hvis vi klarer å riste løs litt og
8675 glemme gamle kriger mellom operativsystemer og  leverandører, men sette ned
8676 hva som er viktig og velge ut fra det, så hadde man kanskje kommet ut med
8677 litt andre resultat. Jeg tror IT-folk er konservative og velger tradisjonelt
8678 og det er synd.</p>
8679
8680 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8681
8682 <p>Jeg bruker Ubuntu, Android, Jolicloud, Open Office, Zimbra, Picasa
8683 og Firefox samt en bråte med tjenester som er webbasert. Det eneste
8684 som er betalingslisens for er OSX.  Ser at jeg jobber mer og mer i
8685 skyen og setter pris på alt jeg slipper egen klient til.  Derfor er
8686 jeg veldig sjarmert av små kjappe operativsystemer som krever minimalt
8687 av maskinvaren.</p>
8688
8689 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8690 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8691
8692 <p>Tror en blanding av krav og informasjon er veien å gå. Krav om
8693 sikkerhet, oppetid og åpne standarder.  Informasjon om muligheter og
8694 alternativer. Her har leverandører, IT-avdelinger og pedagoger en vei
8695 å gå sammen. Det er til slutt LÆRING det dreier seg om, og da må man
8696 få mest mulig læring for pengene man har.</p>
8697
8698       </div>
8699       <div class="tags">
8700
8701
8702         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8703
8704
8705       </div>
8706     </div>
8707     <div class="padding"></div>
8708
8709     <div class="entry">
8710       <div class="title">
8711         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Sturle_Sunde.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Sturle Sunde</a>
8712       </div>
8713       <div class="date">
8714         19th January 2011
8715       </div>
8716       <div class="body">
8717         <p>Denne gang har jeg fått tak i en mangeårig unix-mann som etter
8718 mange år ved Universitetet i Oslo, der jeg først traff ham, har
8719 flyttet tilbake til vestlandet, og der bidratt til å revitalisere
8720 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-oppsettet i
8721 Florø.</p>
8722
8723 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8724
8725 <p>Sturle Sunde, ansvarleg for skulenettet i Flora kommune.  Eg driv,
8726 vidareutviklar og er andrelinje brukarstøtte for datanettet ved
8727 skulane i Flora kommune.  10 skular og meir enn 700 maskiner med
8728 Linux, medrekna tynnklientar.  Tidlegare jobba eg i mange år med
8729 unix-drift ved Universitetets senter for informasjonsteknologi ved
8730 Universitetet i Oslo.</p>
8731
8732 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8733
8734 <p>Det er vanskeleg å svare konkret på.  Eg har drive med Unix og Linux i
8735 alle år, og Skulelinux er eit godt kjent prosjekt i miljøet.  Det var
8736 først i 2008, då eg tok til i min noverande jobb, at eg fekk bruk for
8737 Skulelinux for alvor.</p>
8738
8739 <p>Jobben min skulle vere drift av eit nytt skulenett i Flora kommune,
8740 levert av eit firma eg ikkje vil reklamere for.  Systemet skulle vere
8741 ferdig levert i september året før.  Dette viste seg å ta mykje lenger
8742 tid, og i haustferien 2008 hadde dei endå ikkje klart å få opp ei
8743 fungerande løysing.  Situasjonen var prekær for den største skulen i
8744 kommunen med meir enn 500 elevar på ungdomssteget.  Skulen hadde brukt
8745 Skulelinux før, og var tilfredse med det.  No hadde dei vore utan
8746 fungerande datasystem i nesten eit år.  Difor fekk eg opp ein ny tenar
8747 utanfor prosjektet og installerte Skulelinux på den.  Etter litt
8748 justering av konfigurasjonen med god hjelp av #skolelinux på IRC, var
8749 den nye tenaren oppe og gjekk med både tynne og halv-tjukke klientar.
8750 Autentisering gjekk mot det nye systemet, slik at elevar og lærarar
8751 framleis har same brukarnamn og passord over alt.  Dette berre
8752 fungerte, og vi bestemte oss for å erstatte delar av løysinga vi
8753 skulle få levert med Skulelinux.</p>
8754
8755 <p>Det høyrer med til historia at det nye systemet eg skulle drive frå
8756 januar 2008 endå ikkje er ferdig levert.  Dei jobbar med saka, seier
8757 dei, og har von om å fullføre leveransen i løpet av 2011.</p>
8758
8759 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8760
8761 <p>Det er veldig mange.  Eg skal ta nokre få.</p>
8762
8763 <p>Den viktigaste fordelen er at det igrunn berre er ei maskin å passe
8764 på, og det er tenaren.  Med andre løysingar har ein gjerne programvare
8765 og anna som skal vedlikehaldast på kvar enkelt maskin.  Med Skulelinux
8766 kan alle feil rettast og alle program oppgraderast på alle maskiner
8767 samstundes ved å gjere endringa som må til på tenaren.  Eg kan sitje
8768 på kontoret og passe på alle tenarane i kommunen derifrå.</p>
8769
8770 <ul>
8771
8772 <li>Tynne klientar gjer det mogleg å bruke eldre utstyr lenge, so lenge
8773 tenaren er sterk nok.  Ein liten tenar med eit par halv-moderne CPUar
8774 og 2 GiB RAM held lenge for eit typisk klasserom med 30 tynnklientar,
8775 og det er lett å utvide med fleire.
8776
8777 <li>Halvtjukke klientar gjer det mogleg å utnytte kapasiteten i litt
8778 nyare maskiner betre, og avlaste tenaren.  Ingenting vert installert
8779 lokalt på desse heller, og harddisken kan gjerne koblast frå.  Gode
8780 halvtjukke klientar kan kjøpast brukt for under 1000-lappen, og det er
8781 heile kostnaden.  Ingen lisensar eller anna på toppen, og det er ikkje
8782 krav til kraftigare tenar heller.
8783
8784 <li>Det er Linux.  Vi har ikkje noko kluss med drivarar, dei berre er
8785 der.  Heller ikkje med virus, dei finst i realiteten ikkje.  Eller med
8786 elevar som klussar med installert programvare, for dei klarar ikkje å
8787 øydeleggje for nokon andre enn seg sjølve.
8788
8789 </ul>
8790
8791 <p>Skulelinux er lagt opp til å vere veldig lett å installere rett ut
8792 av boksen på ein heil skule av ein interessert lærar.  Det er ofte ei
8793 god løysing for skulen.  Å ha nokon til stades som kjenner systemet og
8794 kan forklare enkle ting eller løyse problem der og då, er uvurderleg
8795 viktig for ein stressa lærar fem minutt før det ringer inn.</p>
8796
8797 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8798
8799 <p>All den ferdige konfigurasjonen gjer det tungvint å tilpasse
8800 Skulelinux til eit system som skal fungere saman med mange andre
8801 installasjonar i eit felles datanett for skulane i ein kommune.  Det
8802 heile er prekonfigurert for ein skule, og utviding til mange skular
8803 med eigne tenarar er ikkje berre enkelt.</p>
8804
8805 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8806
8807 <p>Eg brukar mest alle små hjelpeprogram som føl med operativsystemet,
8808 samt scriptspråket perl.  Elles er Firefox/Iceweasel, Gnome-terminal
8809 og ssh i kontinuerleg bruk.  Av Linux-distribusjonar brukar eg både
8810 Debian, Ubuntu, SuSE og RedHat dagleg.  Eg prøvar å finne det verktyet
8811 som passar best til kvar del av jobben.</p>
8812
8813 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8814 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8815
8816 <p>Det er to målgrupper ein må sikte mot.  Det eine er alle skulane som
8817 manglar eller har eit lite tilfredsstillande opplegg i dag, og ikkje
8818 har råd til å kjøpe noko nytt og blankpussa opplegg.  Der er det om å
8819 gjere å gjere det enkelt for skulane å finne Skulelinux, og gjere det
8820 enkelt for dei å få hjelp til installasjon på skulen.  Gjerne med
8821 lokale kontaktpersonar.  Her er det dugnadsinnsats som må til, for
8822 desse skulane har ikkje råd til å betale for dette.</p>
8823
8824 <p>Den andre og kanskje viktigare målgruppa er dei meir eller mindre
8825 profesjonelle kundane.  Alle store offentlege innkjøp, inkludert
8826 innkjøp av nytt datasystem for skular, må ut på offentleg anbod.
8827 Offentlege anbod er mykje meir lukka enn dei gjev inntrykk av, og både
8828 regelboka og boka med triks for å sminke tilbodet er tjukk.  Det er
8829 vanskeleg å komme inn utan eit solid salsapparat i ryggen.  Kanskje
8830 Skulelinux skulle prøve aktivt å få seg eit partnarskap med eit av dei
8831 store som gjerne vil sterkare inn på den offentlege IT-marknaden?
8832 Nokon som kjenner triksa og har krefter til å ta opp kampen mot både
8833 dårlege anbod og Rudolf Blostrupmoen IT AS.  Leveranse til skulane i
8834 ein kommune er ein god måte å få ein fot inn døra som leverandør til
8835 ein lukrativ kommunemarknad som kjøper alle tenester.  Ta kontakt med
8836 nokon som er passeleg store og ikkje er Microsoft-partnar, og fortell:
8837 «Vi har eit ferdig produkt som du kan selje.  Nei vi skal ikkje ha for
8838 det.  Du kan gjerne gjere kva du vil med det, berre vi får lov til å
8839 hjelpe deg.  Målgruppa er alle kommunar, og det er noko dei vil ha.
8840 Det er eit godt produkt, brukt av mange og godt likt.»</p>
8841
8842       </div>
8843       <div class="tags">
8844
8845
8846         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8847
8848
8849       </div>
8850     </div>
8851     <div class="padding"></div>
8852
8853     <div class="entry">
8854       <div class="title">
8855         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Embrik_Kaslegard.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Embrik Kaslegard</a>
8856       </div>
8857       <div class="date">
8858         16th January 2011
8859       </div>
8860       <div class="body">
8861         <p>Neste ut i min intervjuserie med folk i
8862 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a> er
8863 lærer, mangeårig bidragsyter på epostlistene og tidligere
8864 Skolelinux-administrator på en skole i Hemsedal.</p>
8865
8866 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8867
8868 <p>Embrik Kaslegard, 1964-modell, fire barn (7-20 år). Begynte som
8869 lærer i 1989 - har hatt IKT-ansvar siden første året i jobb. Har
8870 jobbet som lærer/IKT-ansvarlig uavbrutt siden 1989. Jobbet med
8871 Skolelinux fra 2004 til 2010. Nå har jeg fått ny arbeidsplass og er
8872 40% lærer og 60% IKT med Windows XP, Win2003 server og et regionalt
8873 IKT-regime som legger premissene og begrensingene for hva vi kan gjøre
8874 på skolen.</p>
8875
8876 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8877
8878 <p>Jeg leste en artikkel om en dugnadsinstallasjon av Skolelinux på en
8879 skole på Jæren et sted. Tanken om dugnad og frihet appellerte til
8880 meg. Da vi skulle bygge ny skole var det en del vi måtte spare på,
8881 fordi vi beveget oss mot en kostnadssprekk. Kabling og investering i
8882 PC-er var en av tingene vi sparte på. Derfor kjøpe vi 72 pc-er for 390
8883 pr stk. En filtjener og en applikasjonsserver.</p>
8884
8885 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8886
8887 <p>Fordelen er at så mye er satt opp fra starten. I tillegg er det
8888 tydelig at pakka er laga for skoleverket. Brukerne har egne
8889 skrivebord, tilgang på mange gode verktøyprogrammer. Vi slipper å
8890 tenke på virus. Brukerne har ikke mulighet til å ødelegge
8891 klientoppsett, men har gode muligheter til å endre eget oppsett. Dette
8892 tror jeg er inspirerende og kjekt for mange brukere.  Mappestrukturen
8893 er ferdig og det er "enkelt" å designe lokale mappestrukturer via
8894 skeleton.  Noen av oss i skoleverket mener skolen skal være en
8895 "mot-kultur". Da er Skolelinux et av valgene man kan ta. Et annet er å
8896 spise på indisk restaurant i stedet for Mc Donald's når vi er på bytur
8897 osv.. Ordene deling, frihet, dugnad osv er positive ord i
8898 skoleverket. Det er viktig at elevene blir bevisst dette.</p>
8899
8900 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8901
8902 <p>Kompabiliteten er selvsagt et problem, selv om det er mindre nå enn
8903 før.  For IKT-personer på skolene som skal drifte dette er det
8904 problematisk med kommandoer i terminalen.  I tillegg er det alt for
8905 mange programmer i Skolelinux som ikke blir brukt.  Jeg tror
8906 Skolelinux er tjent med å tone ned begrepet pedagogisk programvare.
8907 Slik jeg ser det finnes ikke denne kategorien programmer lengre slik
8908 de gjorde før, som frittsående programmer som installeres på en
8909 datamaskin eller på serveren.  Det finnes en del spesialpedagogiske
8910 programmer, som Textpilot, LingDys, LingRight, AskiRaski, Ny i Norge
8911 osv.  Men dette er programmer for enkelt-elever eller små grupper av
8912 elever.  Det som bør være fokus er at alle undervisningsressurser som
8913 lages for nettet skal være nettleseruavhengig.</p>
8914
8915 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8916
8917 <p>OpenOffice bruker jeg til vanlig kontorarbeide.  VLC bruker jeg som
8918 videoavspiller og av og til streaming av film.  Gimp bruker jeg i
8919 undervisningen til bildemanipulering. Firefox og Chrome er mine
8920 favoritt-nettlesere.  Firefox har lenge vært førstevalget mitt, nå
8921 bruker jeg mest Chrome.  Opplever den som raskere og smidigere enn
8922 Firefox.  Ubuntu bruker jeg som dualboot på jobb-maskinen min i
8923 tillegg til at alle PCer hjemme har en eller annen Ubuntu-distribusjon
8924 installert.  Jeg bruker Clonezilla på Ubuntu 10.04 til kloning av
8925 datamaskiner på jobb.  Det er selvsagt en haug andre frie programmer
8926 jeg bruker men jeg bruker dem ikke daglig.  Jeg kan ramse opp:
8927 recordmydesktop, cinelerra, acidrip, soundjuicer, audacity, NX
8928 (no-machine), Kino, Rythmbox...</p>
8929
8930 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8931 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8932
8933 <p>Jeg tror oppsøkende virksomhet er den rette strategien.
8934 Ressurspersoner gjør avtaler med rådmenn, skolesjefer, rektorer.  Det
8935 er slik konkurrentene gjør det.  Fokuset i slike samtaler bør være
8936 kost-nytte.  Dersom personer med økonomisk ansvar ser at de kan få
8937 like godt tilbud til mindre utgifter, tror jeg det er mulighet til å
8938 få innpass.  Dersom de også kan få konkrete tilbud på drift i slike
8939 samtaler, vil de kanskje bli litt mer interesserte i hvor mye penger
8940 som faktisk går til IKT i skolene.  Det er også viktig at vi ikke
8941 firer for mye på krav til datamaskiner.  Det er flott at Skolelinux
8942 går på "utrangert" utstyr, men dette bør bare presenteres som et
8943 alternativ.  Skolelinux-installasjoner med utrangert utstyr er ikke å
8944 foretrekke dersom man kan unngå det. Det skaper ikke entusiasme hos
8945 brukerne (elever og lærere) når de bruker gamle datamaskiner som går
8946 tregt.  Det er kjempefint med skoler som har kommet seg frem til
8947 Skolelinux og fri programvare av seg selv, men de lever på nåde.
8948 Slike valg må fundamenteres hos skoleeier.</p>
8949
8950 <p>Oppdatering 2011-01-16 22:40: Oppdatert svarene for de tre siste
8951 spørsmålene litt mer tekst fra Embrik.</p>
8952
8953       </div>
8954       <div class="tags">
8955
8956
8957         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8958
8959
8960       </div>
8961     </div>
8962     <div class="padding"></div>
8963
8964     <div class="entry">
8965       <div class="title">
8966         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Viggo_Fedreheim.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Viggo Fedreheim</a>
8967       </div>
8968       <div class="date">
8969         12th January 2011
8970       </div>
8971       <div class="body">
8972         <p>Jeg fortsetter min intervjuserie med folk i
8973 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a>.  Denne
8974 gang er det en av folkene som har vært med lenge og som har tatt i
8975 bruk Skolelinux på alle skolene i Narvik kommune som skal i ilden.
8976 Han er styremedlem i
8977 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen
8978 FRISK</a>.</p>
8979
8980 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8981
8982 <p>Mitt navn er Viggo Fedreheim, og jeg er pedagogisk og teknisk
8983 IKT-veileder for alle skoler i Narvik kommune.  Jeg drifter totalt 17
8984 servere basert på Skolelinux og Debian. Jeg holder i tillegg noen kurs
8985 mellom all driftingen. For tiden arbeider jeg med en sentral
8986 LDAP-tjener for alle skoleservere samt våre Moodle- og
8987 Joomla-installasjoner.</p>
8988
8989 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8990
8991 <p>Gjennom en eller annen nettavis i 2001 der var det skrevet om
8992 Skolelinux.  Artikkelen ga meg lyst til å prøve ut systemet.</p>
8993
8994 <p>Det startet i 2002 ved at jeg installerte en av de første utgavene
8995 av Skolelinux på en standard pc på Solneset skole i Tromsø.  Denne var
8996 oppe fram til desember 2003 da jeg sluttet på den skolen og begynte i
8997 ny jobb i Narvik kommune.</p>
8998
8999 <p> I Narvik kommune var det i 2004 kun 2 servere på da totalt 15
9000 skoler. Disse var Windows NT baserte. På disse to skolene var det lite
9001 med maskiner.  Jobben med å få Narvik Kommune opp på akseptabelt nivå
9002 virket å være formidabel.  Men med hjelp av gode kollegaer og leder
9003 skrev jeg en IKT plan for Narvik kommune som ble vedtatt av politikere
9004 i august 2004. I denne planen ble det bestemt at Narvik kommune skulle
9005 bruke Skolelinux.  Her ble det også satt av midler til kabling av god
9006 infrastruktur på alle skoler samt innkjøp av nye datamaskiner.  Så i
9007 dag har vi 17 servere hvorav 13 er på Skolelinux, med ca 1500 klienter
9008 basert på tynne, "halvtykke" og et stort antall bærbare pcer basert på
9009 Kubuntu.</p>
9010
9011 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9012
9013 <p>Lisenskostnader, driftkostnader og hardwarekrav som er mye lavere
9014 enn for andre systemer.</p>
9015
9016 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9017
9018 <p>Pedagogiske programvare som ikke fungerer mot Linux. En Stoooor
9019 flaskehals og som gjør at Linux kanskje ikke blir valgt andre
9020 plasser.</p>
9021
9022 <p>Eksempler er Relemo, Lindys (lingit sine programmer), 5plus
9023 (matematikk).  Disse er programmer som ikke lar seg kjøre i Linux.</p>
9024
9025 <p> Men det ser ut for at mange leverandører går over til mer
9026 nettbaserte programmer istedet for å installere lokalt.  Dette med
9027 enkelte leverandører som ikke kan levere programmer til Linux er et
9028 lite problem og over tid tror jeg at denne barrieren er borte.</p>
9029
9030 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9031
9032 <p>Kjører Kubuntu på laptoper, Debian squeeze på stasjonær
9033 kontorpc. Ut over dette arbeder jeg svært mye via konsoll mot andre
9034 servere.</p>
9035
9036       </div>
9037       <div class="tags">
9038
9039
9040         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9041
9042
9043       </div>
9044     </div>
9045     <div class="padding"></div>
9046
9047     <div class="entry">
9048       <div class="title">
9049         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Arnt_Ove_Gregersen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Arnt Ove Gregersen</a>
9050       </div>
9051       <div class="date">
9052          9th January 2011
9053       </div>
9054       <div class="body">
9055         <p>Inspirert av
9056 <a href="http://raphaelhertzog.com/tag/interview/">intervjurunden</a>
9057 som Raphael Hertzog har startet med folk i Debianprosjektet, fikk jeg
9058 lyst til å gjøre det samme med folk i
9059 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a>.  Håpet
9060 er at de som til daglig bidrar til å fremme fri programvare i
9061 skoleverket og utvikler en linux-distribusjon spesiallaget for
9062 skolebruk kan bli bedre kjent og kanskje inspirere flere til å bidra
9063 til Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
9064
9065 <p>Først ut er nyvalgt leder i
9066 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen FRISK</a> som
9067 organiserer utviklingen av Skolelinux-distribusjonen.  FRISK trenger
9068 alltid flere medlemmer, så
9069 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/index.php?page=signup">meld
9070 deg gjerne inn</a> hvis du vil støtte oss.</p>
9071
9072 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9073
9074 <p><!-- Mitt navn er Arnt Ove Gregersen, jeg er en småbarnfar på 32 år som
9075 for tiden bor Trondheim. -->
9076 Mitt navn er Arnt Ove Gregersen, jeg er 32 år og bor for tiden i Trondheim.
9077
9078 Her jobber jeg som systemutvikler i et firma
9079 som heter <a href="http://www.geomatikk-ikt.no/">Geomatikk IKT AS</a>,
9080 hvor jeg er på et Vegmeldings-prosjekt for Statens Vegvesen. På
9081 fritiden er jeg styreleder i FRISK (Fri programvare i skolen) og
9082 bidrar til bl.a. Skolelinux-prosjektet når jeg får tid til det. Det er
9083 primært hjemmesiden til Skolelinux-prosjektet og
9084 <a href="http://linuxveiviseren.no/">Linux-veiviseren</a> jeg har
9085 jobbet med her, men jeg har også gjort en del arbeid i forhold til
9086 FRISK sin hjemmeside.</p>
9087
9088 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9089
9090 <p>Jeg var på en presentasjon av prosjektet i regi av Knut Yrvin på
9091 Gløshaugen i Trondheim, hvor jeg fattet stor interesse for prosjektet
9092 og ville hjelpe til så godt jeg kunne.  Dette var vel i 2002 eller
9093 2003.</p>
9094
9095 <p>Jeg hadde fra før hørt om prosjektet fra før og syntes tanken bak var
9096 ganske fin, men hadde ikke noen interesse av bruke min egen fritid på
9097 det selv.</p>
9098
9099 <p>I etterkant av presentasjonen startet jeg og noen andre fra
9100 Trondheim "Skolelinux-prosjektet i Sør-Trøndelag" . Hvor vi var med å
9101 bidra til at Trondheim kommune satte igang Selsbakk ungdomskole som et
9102 pilotprosjekt med Skolelinux, som egentlig var og er en stor suksess,
9103 men det virker ut som det ikke skjer noe mer på. I tillegg var vi med
9104 på dugnad på Brundalen videregående skole hvor vi installerte
9105 Skolelinux som såvidt jeg vet fortsatt kjører på Skolelinux.</p>
9106
9107 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9108
9109 <p>Det bygger på fri programvare og har lav kostnad i forhold til
9110 nytteverdien. Dette fordi det har forholdsvis lav inngangsum og bruker
9111 en arkitektur med sentral-drift som gir mange driftfordeler.  I
9112 tillegg vil det kunne frigjøre kostnader for skolene slik at de kan
9113 bruke dem til å ansette f,eks flere lærere om det er ønskelig.</p>
9114
9115 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9116
9117 <P>Ikke all pedagogisk programvare er tilgjengelig der, som f.eks
9118 Drillpro om jeg ikke husker feil.</p>
9119
9120 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9121
9122 <p>Til utvikling av Java-applikasjoner og Android bruker jeg Eclipse og
9123 Quanta til web-utvikling via php. For all bildebehandling bruker jeg
9124 GIMP og Blender til 3d-modellering . Dessverre har Blender en bratt
9125 læringskurve i starten, men det er absolutt verdt det.
9126
9127 <p>Til musikk bruker jeg stort Rhytmbox. Firefox til surfing på nettet og
9128 Thunderbird og Evolution til e-post,
9129
9130 <p>På database-siden bruker jeg PostgreSQL, Postgis og av og til Mysql.
9131
9132 <p>Når jeg får tid til å spille bruker jeg som regel et strategi-spill
9133 som er basert på TA Spring-motoren (springrts.com), her er det et
9134 veldig bra utvalg av gratis spill som er av høy kvalitet. Veldig lett
9135 å bli hektet :)</p>
9136
9137       </div>
9138       <div class="tags">
9139
9140
9141         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9142
9143
9144       </div>
9145     </div>
9146     <div class="padding"></div>
9147
9148     <div class="entry">
9149       <div class="title">
9150         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Inspirerende_fra_en_ukjent_Skolelinux_skole.html">Inspirerende fra en ukjent Skolelinux-skole</a>
9151       </div>
9152       <div class="date">
9153          4th January 2011
9154       </div>
9155       <div class="body">
9156         <p>Følgende inspirerende historie fant jeg i
9157 <a href="http://www.digi.no/php/ny_debatt.php?id=858869#innlegg_770926">kommentarfeltet
9158 hos digi.no</a> i forbindelse med en trist sak om hvordan
9159 <a href="http://www.digi.no/858869/datakaos-etter-linux-satsing">skolen
9160 i Hemsedal har fått ødelagt</a> sin Skolelinux-installasjon.  Jeg har
9161 fikset endel åpenbare skrivefeil for lesbarhetens skyld.</p>
9162
9163 <blockquote>
9164 <p><strong>Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
9165 <br>av Inspektør Siri (gjest)
9166
9167 <p>Kommunen min har to omtrent jevnstore tettsteder, og en
9168 ungdomsskole i hvert av tettstedene. Den minste av disse har ca 300
9169 elever og til denne sogner det 3 barneskoler. Den største har ca 350
9170 elever og til denne sogner det 4 barneskoler.</p>
9171
9172 <ul>
9173
9174 <li>Kommunen har i veldig lang tid forsømt IKT i skolen, og det har
9175 bare blitt gitt smuler i ny og ne. Det er kun den største av
9176 ungdomsskolene som har hatt en skikkelig datapark, og dette takket
9177 være en naturfaglærer som ble lei av å vente på kommunen. Det gjorde
9178 at vi bestemte oss for å ta ting i egne hender, og da vha
9179 skolelinux. En testinstallasjon med 10 gamle PCer ble gjort, og vi så
9180 raskt at dette var veldig lovende. Neste etappe var å gi alle lærere
9181 egen PC på arbeidsplassene sine (2004), og så sette opp 16 PCer på to
9182 datarom. Vi har kun basert oss på å kjøpe inn brukte maskiner, og
9183 aldri dyrere enn 1000 kr pr klient. For to år siden så hadde vi
9184 klienter i alle klasserom, og totalt hadde vi da rundt 250 stk. Rundt
9185 40 klienter brukes av lærerne og kjører på en egen server. Elvene har
9186 resten, og kjører også en egen server. Servere har vi også kjøpt
9187 brukt, 2 år gamle servere koster 6-7000 kroner.</li>
9188
9189 <li>Skolen vår er et relativt gammelt bygg, men en meget dyktig
9190 vaktmester har sammen med IKT-ansvarlig/Naturfaglærer lagt kabler til alle
9191 rom. Gradvis har vi byttet ut billige svitsjer med mer solide saker
9192 som er mulig å fjernstyre.</li>
9193
9194 <li>Vi har i all hovedsak greid å få dette til over eget budsjett, men
9195 vi har også passet på å få penger når de andre skolene har fått
9196 bærbare PCer til lærere osv.</li>
9197
9198 <li>Vår IKT-ansvarlig har gjort (og gjør) en fenomenal jobb, og vi har
9199 en maskinpark som de andre av kommunens skoler bare kan drømme
9200 om.</li>
9201
9202 </ul>
9203
9204 <p>Så skjer det som ofte skjer. Det kommer en eller annen
9205 selger/blåruss og skal fikse ALT. I vårt tilfelle betyr dette også
9206 sentralisering av drift. Den ny-ansatte på kommunens IT-avdelingen
9207 skal også ha jobb, og ser for seg å ta over skoledriften. Kommunen
9208 kjøper inn eksterne driftstjenester, og nekter i samme slengen å ta
9209 hensyn til skolen vår. Dette til tross for at vi alene har like mange
9210 datamaskiner som de andre til sammen. </p>
9211
9212 <ul>
9213
9214 <li>Det blir krevd at vi skal innlemmes i de kommunale systemet, og
9215 det er VI som får ansvar for at dette kommer på plass. Og det er her
9216 de horrible tingene begynner å skje. </li>
9217
9218 <li>Det settes opp en lukket Exchange server som gjør av vi ikke kan
9219 hente epost for våre ansatte. Og det kreves at vi finner løsning på
9220 dette.</li>
9221
9222 <li>Det velges sak arkivsystem som vi pålegges å bruke, noe som gjør
9223 at vi må bruke en terminalløsning mot kommunal server. Ikke i seg selv
9224 et problem i følge IKT-ansvarlig hos oss. Men kommunens IT-avd nektet
9225 faktisk å åpne de porter OSV som vi måtte bruke.</li>
9226
9227 <li>Vi blir pålagt å flytte på innsiden av det kommunale
9228 nettverket. Dette gjorde at vi mistet hjemmekontor for lærere og
9229 elever. Å få åpnet porter i kommunal brannmur var ikke
9230 aktuelt. Mulighet for fjerndrift ble også vekk i samme slengen. </li>
9231
9232 <li>Vår LMS Moodle er ikke mulig å nå for elevene og lærerne.
9233
9234 </ul>
9235
9236 <p>Den andre ungdomsskolen i kommunen begynner så å kreve at de skal
9237 få bedre datatetthet, og komme opp på et nivå som ligner det vi
9238 har. De ser at vi kan avholde eksamen hvor alle 10. klassingene får
9239 sitte ved hver sin PC. Og de har fått tilbakemelding (klager) fra VGS
9240 om manglende datakompetanse på elevene som kommer fra dem. Dette fører
9241 videre til at kommunen endelig innser at de må ta grep. </p>
9242
9243 <p>Grepet betyr sentralisering, og farvel til vår plattform får vi
9244 høre. Det blir gjort en rekke bestemmelser og vedtak som vi ikke får
9245 være en del av. Det blir helt klart at vi må redusere antall maskiner,
9246 og det skal satses på bærbare maskiner. Siden vi ikke har fått tatt
9247 del i prosessene som angår oss, så bruker vi fagforening. Vi har ikke
9248 blitt hørt i forbindelse med endringer som er betydelig for vår
9249 hverdag, og greier å stoppe omlegging. I tillegg så har vi et politisk
9250 vedtak i kommunen på at vi skal kjøre Linux på elevnett, og dette
9251 vedtaket kan ikke administrasjonen i kommunene helt uten videre
9252 tilsidesette. </p>
9253
9254 <p>I sum har dette gjort at vi har fått jobbe videre i fred. Og en del
9255 runder i kommunens kontrollutvalg har gjort det tydelig at vi har blitt
9256 systematisk motarbeidet. </p>
9257
9258 <p>I dag har de andre skolene fått sine bærbare maskiner til elever og
9259 lærere, men etter 2 år med innkjøring er det fremdeles problemer
9260 her. </p>
9261
9262 <ul>
9263
9264 <li>Ungdomsskolen med windows kan ikke kjøre eksamen med sine bærbare,
9265 det er for mye arbeid å renske disse for innhold slik at juks ikke er
9266 mulig.</li>
9267
9268 <li>Utskrift er et mareritt, etter sigende pga at utskrift først
9269 sendes til sentral server, og så sendes ut til rett skriver. I snitt
9270 så tar det 7-8 minutter før utskrift starter på enkelte av
9271 skolene.</li>
9272
9273 <li>Trådløst skaper store problemer, og det er i perioder helt umulig
9274 å komme seg på nett. Og lagring på felles server er bare å glemme i
9275 perioder.</li>
9276
9277 </ul>
9278
9279 <p>Vi har slitt mye, kranglet og sloss. Ikke med tekniske problemer,
9280 men med omgivelsene rundt som vil oss til livs. Men det har vært verdt
9281 hver dråpe med svette, og timer med irritasjon. Men vi har begynt å få
9282 rutine her nå. </p>
9283
9284 <ul>
9285
9286 <li>Vi har fremdeles et system som vi styrer helt selv. </li>
9287 <li>Vi har vist at argumentet med at vår IKT-ansvarlig kan finne seg annen jobb ikke holder mål. Vi har kjøpt driftskonto hos et firma i tilfelle krise, og vi har kjørt opplæring på flere av de yngre lærerne. </li>
9288 <li>Vi har til enhver tid en lærling IKT driftsfag, og velger selvsagt ut dem som satser på Linux. Vi har nå begynt å få tilbake av våre tidligere elever som vil til oss nettopp fordi vi har Linux.</li>
9289 <li>Vi har vist at vi greier å opprettholde en dobbelt så stor datapark som naboskolen, og det til en billigere penge. </li>
9290 <li>Vi har datastøtte og support på huset, ALLTID tilgjengelig. De andre skolene må vente flere dager hvis det ikke er noe kritisk. </li>
9291 <li>Vår IKT-ansvarlig har 50% stilling som lærer og 50% som IKT-ansvarlig. </li>
9292 <li>Vi har en lærer på hvert trinn som har 3 timer i uka til å drive support/støtte til de andre lærerne. </li>
9293 <li>Vi opplever at de yngste lærerne ved den andre ungdomsskolen ønsker seg over til oss. </li>
9294
9295 </ul>
9296
9297 <p>Vi skal i løpet av året starte prosess med å planlegge ny skole, og vi har fått gjennomslag for at jeg (inspektør) og IKT-ansvarlig skal ha det fulle og hele ansvar for IKT/Infrastruktur. Begrunnelsen vår som ble avgjørende her, var at IT-avd i kommunen ikke kan noe om data i skolen. </p>
9298
9299 <p>Beklager hvis dette ble litt usammenhengende, men det ble tastet i
9300 fei, og jeg har ikke lest gjennom</p>
9301 </blockquote>
9302
9303 <p>Det kom raskt et lite svar:</p>
9304
9305 <blockquote>
9306 <p><strong>SV: Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
9307 <br>av captain_obvious</p>
9308
9309 <p>Inspirerende å lese. Har dere gjort noe for å fortelle denne
9310 historien videre?</p>
9311
9312 <p>Hadde vært svært interessant om dere tok kontakt med dokument 2 eller
9313 lignende for å fortelle hvordan det egentlig står til med
9314 IT-satsningen i kommune-Norge. Om ikke annet kan du begynner med å
9315 raffinere innlegget ditt og få en gjesteartikkel på digi.no</p>
9316 </blockquote>
9317
9318 <p>Og deretter en lengre oppfølging.</p>
9319
9320 <blockquote>
9321 <p><strong>SV: Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
9322 <br>av Inspektør Siri (gjest)
9323
9324 <p>Joda, vi har lekt med tanken, og vi har t.o.m skrevet flere lengre
9325 leserinnlegg myntet på aviser. Disse er ikke sendt til aviser, men
9326 brukt internt i forbindelse med møter med kommune. Vår IKT-ansvarlig
9327 har også truet med å si opp jobben sin hvis det ikke ble tatt hensyn i
9328 større grad enn hva som har vært tilfelle. VI kan også dokumentere
9329 flere brudd på anbudsregler, og vi kjenner til at relativt store
9330 IT-leverandører som ikke har fått tatt del i disse anbudene, rett og
9331 slett ikke tør melde fra av redsel for å få et dårlig rykte. </p>
9332
9333 <p>Alt ser ut til å roe seg ned, og vi har fått opp øynene på
9334 politikerne. I sum gjør dette at vi ikke ønsker for mye publisitet nå,
9335 det vil bare rote til igjen. </p>
9336
9337 <p>Jeg glemte å nevne at vi nå nesten ikke bruker tid på å drifte
9338 systemet vårt, noe som gjør at det aller meste av tid blir brukt til å
9339 støtte lærerne og elevene. F.eks så bruker vår IKT-ansvarlig den
9340 første timen på jobb, 0730-0830 kun til å gå ute på arbeidsplassene
9341 til læreren. Dette for å kunne svare på små og store problem, gi tips
9342 og råd, eller bare for å plukke opp hva som er behovet ute i
9343 undervisningsarealene. Det er dessverre ikke slik at alle lærerne har
9344 nok digital kompetanse til å kunne formulere alle spørsmålene de har,
9345 men ved å kunne få vise eller lufte tanker med IKT-ansvarlig så er det
9346 utrolig hva som kommer fram. </p>
9347
9348 <ul>
9349
9350 <li>Jeg ser at mange bruker økonomi som argument i forhold til å bruke
9351 SkoleLinux, og jeg skal ikke legge skjul på at det var dette som i
9352 utgangspunktet var årsaken til vårt valg. Men diskusjonene og kampen
9353 med kommunens IT-avdeling har gjort at vi har fått et noe annet
9354 fokus. Fordelene med drift og stabilitet, gjør at vi ville ha valgt
9355 samme løsning selv om den var dyrere. At vi slipper langt billigere
9356 unna, som følge av 0,- lisenskostnader og lave maskinvarekostnader, er
9357 bare en bonus. </li>
9358
9359 <li>Etter å ha kranglet oss til å få skikkelig oversikt over hva de
9360 andre skolene i kommunen bruker på IT, så har vi fått gehør for å få
9361 samme midler til innkjøp. Dette har gjort at vi nå kan kjøpe inn
9362 utstyr som de andre skolene bare kan se langt etter. Vi har nettopp
9363 kjøpt inn 3 videokamera i semiproff-klassen for å kunne lage film,
9364 samt sende live fra skoleteater/konserter. Vi har kjøpt inn digitale
9365 kompaktkamera til alle klassene. Vi har et team av lærere som skal i
9366 gang med å teste ut tablets på svake elever. Håpet et at teknologien
9367 kan være med på å gi noen av elevene litt mer motivasjon. Vi har kjøpt
9368 inn et halvt klassesett med pulsklokker, noe som har vist seg å være
9369 overraskende inspirerende for en del av elevene. Vi har også oss på
9370 fag på en høyskole litt lengre sør for oss, slik at 3 av oss nå skal
9371 ta faget "Linux tjenestedrift". Som inspektør og en del av skolens
9372 administrasjon er det veldig praktisk å kunne trå til hvis det
9373 kniper. Men IKT-ansvarlig har vært UTROLIG flink til å lage rene
9374 smørbrødlister for hvordan de mest vanlige driftsproblem løses, så det
9375 er lett for flere av oss å ta del i den daglige driften. Vi har svært
9376 stor nytte av lærling (som også hjelper to av naboskolene), men det er
9377 nesten blitt slik at det er om å gjøre å komme til først for å få løse
9378 problem. Det å få fingrene på problem og utfordringer er den aller
9379 beste læremester. </li>
9380
9381 </ul>
9382
9383 <p>Når vi nå tar til med planlegging av ny skole, så vil det være med
9384 tanke på at det skal være mulig med datautstyr på alle plasser. Vi
9385 kommer i all hovedsak til å legge kabel til alle tenkelige og
9386 utenkelige plasser. WiFi koster tilnærmet NULL å sette opp i
9387 ettertid.</p>
9388
9389 <p>Vi har ikke vært noe flink til å bidra til SkoleLinux-prosjektet,
9390 vi har rett og slett vært for opptatt med vår egen kamp. Vi har hentet
9391 mye inspirasjon fra diskusjoner som har gått i det miljøet, og vi
9392 håper at vi nå framover kan få tid til å bidra. Vi er i ferd med å
9393 bytte ut en av serverne våre, og da vil denne trolig bli satt opp som
9394 testserver for neste versjon av Skolelinux. På den måten vil vi i alle
9395 fall kunne gi tilbakemeldinger og rapportere feil. I tillegg så vil
9396 det kanskje gi oss noen nye utfordringer, for som lærlingen vår sier:
9397 "Skolelinux er noe herk, det skjer jo ikke noe galt og hvordan skal
9398 jeg da lære?"</p>
9399
9400 </blockquote>
9401
9402 <p>Det er veldig hyggelig å høre at
9403 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> fungerer så bra i
9404 skoleverdagen etter å ha jobbet med det i 10 år.</p>
9405
9406       </div>
9407       <div class="tags">
9408
9409
9410         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9411
9412
9413       </div>
9414     </div>
9415     <div class="padding"></div>
9416
9417     <div class="entry">
9418       <div class="title">
9419         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_test_if_a_laptop_is_working_with_Linux.html">How to test if a laptop is working with Linux</a>
9420       </div>
9421       <div class="date">
9422         22nd December 2010
9423       </div>
9424       <div class="body">
9425         <p>The last few days I have spent at work here at the <a
9426 href="http://www.uio.no/">University of Oslo</a> testing if the new
9427 batch of computers will work with Linux.  Every year for the last few
9428 years the university have organised shared bid of a few thousand
9429 computers, and this year HP won the bid.  Two different desktops and
9430 five different laptops are on the list this year.  We in the UNIX
9431 group want to know which one of these computers work well with RHEL
9432 and Ubuntu, the two Linux distributions we currently handle at the
9433 university.</p>
9434
9435 <p>My test method is simple, and I share it here to get feedback and
9436 perhaps inspire others to test hardware as well.  To test, I PXE
9437 install the OS version of choice, and log in as my normal user and run
9438 a few applications and plug in selected pieces of hardware.  When
9439 something fail, I make a note about this in the test matrix and move
9440 on.  If I have some spare time I try to report the bug to the OS
9441 vendor, but as I only have the machines for a short time, I rarely
9442 have the time to do this for all the problems I find.</p>
9443
9444 <p>Anyway, to get to the point of this post.  Here is the simple tests
9445 I perform on a new model.</p>
9446
9447 <ul>
9448
9449 <li>Is PXE installation working?  I'm testing with RHEL6, Ubuntu Lucid
9450 and Ubuntu Maverik at the moment.  If I feel like it, I also test with
9451 RHEL5 and Debian Edu/Squeeze.</li>
9452
9453 <li>Is X.org working?  If the graphical login screen show up after
9454 installation, X.org is working.</li>
9455
9456 <li>Is hardware accelerated OpenGL working?  Running glxgears (in
9457 package mesa-utils on Ubuntu) and writing down the frames per second
9458 reported by the program.</li>
9459
9460 <li>Is sound working?  With Gnome and KDE, a sound is played when
9461 logging in, and if I can hear this the test is successful.  If there
9462 are several audio exits on the machine, I try them all and check if
9463 the Gnome/KDE audio mixer can control where to send the sound.  I
9464 normally test this by playing
9465 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20101012-chef/ ">a HTML5
9466 video</a> in Firefox/Iceweasel.</li>
9467
9468 <li>Is the USB subsystem working?  I test this by plugging in a USB
9469 memory stick and see if Gnome/KDE notices this.</li>
9470
9471 <li>Is the CD/DVD player working?  I test this by inserting any CD/DVD
9472 I have lying around, and see if Gnome/KDE notices this.</li>
9473
9474 <li>Is any built in camera working?  Test using cheese, and see if a
9475 picture from the v4l device show up.</li>
9476
9477 <li>Is bluetooth working?  Use the Gnome/KDE browsing tool to see if
9478 any bluetooth devices are discovered.  In my office, I normally see a
9479 few.</li>
9480
9481 <li>For laptops, is the SD or Compaq Flash reader working.  I have
9482 memory modules lying around, and stick them in and see if Gnome/KDE
9483 notice this.</li>
9484
9485 <li>For laptops, is suspend/hibernate working?  I'm testing if the
9486 special button work, and if the laptop continue to work after
9487 resume.</li>
9488
9489 <li>For laptops, is the extra buttons working, like audio level,
9490 adjusting background light, switching on/off external video output,
9491 switching on/off wifi, bluetooth, etc?  The set of buttons differ from
9492 laptop to laptop, so I just write down which are working and which are
9493 not.</li>
9494
9495 <li>Some laptops have smart card readers, finger print readers,
9496 acceleration sensors etc.  I rarely test these, as I do not know how
9497 to quickly test if they are working or not, so I only document their
9498 existence.</li>
9499
9500 </ul>
9501
9502 <p>By now I suspect you are really curious what the test results are
9503 for the HP machines I am testing.  I'm not done yet, so I will report
9504 the test results later.  For now I can report that HP 8100 Elite work
9505 fine, and hibernation fail with HP EliteBook 8440p on Ubuntu Lucid,
9506 and audio fail on RHEL6.  Ubuntu Maverik worked with 8440p.  As you
9507 can see, I have most machines left to test.  One interesting
9508 observation is that Ubuntu Lucid has almost twice the frame rate than
9509 RHEL6 with glxgears.  No idea why.</p>
9510
9511       </div>
9512       <div class="tags">
9513
9514
9515         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
9516
9517
9518       </div>
9519     </div>
9520     <div class="padding"></div>
9521
9522     <div class="entry">
9523       <div class="title">
9524         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_development_gathering_and_General_Assembly_for_FRiSK.html">Debian Edu development gathering and General Assembly for FRiSK</a>
9525       </div>
9526       <div class="date">
9527         29th November 2010
9528       </div>
9529       <div class="body">
9530         <p>On friday, the first Debian Edu / Skolelinux
9531 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering/2010-12-03-05-Oslo">development
9532 gathering</a> in a long time take place here in Oslo, Norway.  I
9533 really look forward to seeing all the good people working on the
9534 Squeeze release.  The gathering is open for everyone interested in
9535 learning more about Debian Edu / Skolelinux.</p>
9536
9537 <p>On Saturday, the Norwegian member organization taking care of
9538 organizing these development gatherings, Fri Programvare i Skolen,
9539 will hold its
9540 <a href="http://friprogramvareiskolen.no/Genfors/2010">General Assembly
9541 for 2010</a>.  Membership is open for all, and currently there are 388
9542 people registered as members.  Last year 32 members cast their vote in
9543 the memberdb based election system.  I hope more people find time to
9544 vote this year.</p>
9545
9546       </div>
9547       <div class="tags">
9548
9549
9550         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
9551
9552
9553       </div>
9554     </div>
9555     <div class="padding"></div>
9556
9557     <div class="entry">
9558       <div class="title">
9559         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_isn_t_Debian_Edu_using_VLC_.html">Why isn't Debian Edu using VLC?</a>
9560       </div>
9561       <div class="date">
9562         27th November 2010
9563       </div>
9564       <div class="body">
9565         <p>In the latest issue of Linux Journal, the readers choices were
9566 presented, and the winner among the multimedia player were VLC.
9567 Personally, I like VLC, and it is my player of choice when I first try
9568 to play a video file or stream.  Only if VLC fail will I drag out
9569 gmplayer to see if it can do better.  The reason is mostly the failure
9570 model and trust.  When VLC fail, it normally pop up a error message
9571 reporting the problem.  When mplayer fail, it normally segfault or
9572 just hangs.  The latter failure mode drain my trust in the program.<p>
9573
9574 <p>But even if VLC is my player of choice, we have choosen to use
9575 mplayer in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian
9576 Edu/Skolelinux</a>.  The reason is simple.  We need a good browser
9577 plugin to play web videos seamlessly, and the VLC browser plugin is
9578 not very good.  For example, it lack in-line control buttons, so there
9579 is no way for the user to pause the video.  Also, when I
9580 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/BrowserMultimedia">last
9581 tested the browser plugins</a> available in Debian, the VLC plugin
9582 failed on several video pages where mplayer based plugins worked.  If
9583 the browser plugin for VLC was as good as the gecko-mediaplayer
9584 package (which uses mplayer), we would switch.</P>
9585
9586 <p>While VLC is a good player, its user interface is slightly
9587 annoying.  The most annoying feature is its inconsistent use of
9588 keyboard shortcuts.  When the player is in full screen mode, its
9589 shortcuts are different from when it is playing the video in a window.
9590 For example, space only work as pause when in full screen mode.  I
9591 wish it had consisten shortcuts and that space also would work when in
9592 window mode.  Another nice shortcut in gmplayer is [enter] to restart
9593 the current video.  It is very nice when playing short videos from the
9594 web and want to restart it when new people arrive to have a look at
9595 what is going on.</p>
9596
9597       </div>
9598       <div class="tags">
9599
9600
9601         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
9602
9603
9604       </div>
9605     </div>
9606     <div class="padding"></div>
9607
9608     <div class="entry">
9609       <div class="title">
9610         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades_of_the_Gnome_and_KDE_desktop__now_with_apt_get_autoremove.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades of the Gnome and KDE desktop, now with apt-get autoremove</a>
9611       </div>
9612       <div class="date">
9613         22nd November 2010
9614       </div>
9615       <div class="body">
9616         <p>Michael Biebl suggested to me on IRC, that I changed my automated
9617 upgrade testing of the
9618 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">Lenny
9619 Gnome and KDE Desktop</a> to do <tt>apt-get autoremove</tt> when using apt-get.
9620 This seem like a very good idea, so I adjusted by test scripts and
9621 can now present the updated result from today:</p>
9622
9623 <p>This is for Gnome:</p>
9624
9625 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
9626
9627 <blockquote><p>
9628   apache2.2-bin
9629   aptdaemon
9630   baobab
9631   binfmt-support
9632   browser-plugin-gnash
9633   cheese-common
9634   cli-common
9635   cups-pk-helper
9636   dmz-cursor-theme
9637   empathy
9638   empathy-common
9639   freedesktop-sound-theme
9640   freeglut3
9641   gconf-defaults-service
9642   gdm-themes
9643   gedit-plugins
9644   geoclue
9645   geoclue-hostip
9646   geoclue-localnet
9647   geoclue-manual
9648   geoclue-yahoo
9649   gnash
9650   gnash-common
9651   gnome
9652   gnome-backgrounds
9653   gnome-cards-data
9654   gnome-codec-install
9655   gnome-core
9656   gnome-desktop-environment
9657   gnome-disk-utility
9658   gnome-screenshot
9659   gnome-search-tool
9660   gnome-session-canberra
9661   gnome-system-log
9662   gnome-themes-extras
9663   gnome-themes-more
9664   gnome-user-share
9665   gstreamer0.10-fluendo-mp3
9666   gstreamer0.10-tools
9667   gtk2-engines
9668   gtk2-engines-pixbuf
9669   gtk2-engines-smooth
9670   hamster-applet
9671   libapache2-mod-dnssd
9672   libapr1
9673   libaprutil1
9674   libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3
9675   libaprutil1-ldap
9676   libart2.0-cil
9677   libboost-date-time1.42.0
9678   libboost-python1.42.0
9679   libboost-thread1.42.0
9680   libchamplain-0.4-0
9681   libchamplain-gtk-0.4-0
9682   libcheese-gtk18
9683   libclutter-gtk-0.10-0
9684   libcryptui0
9685   libdiscid0
9686   libelf1
9687   libepc-1.0-2
9688   libepc-common
9689   libepc-ui-1.0-2
9690   libfreerdp-plugins-standard
9691   libfreerdp0
9692   libgconf2.0-cil
9693   libgdata-common
9694   libgdata7
9695   libgdu-gtk0
9696   libgee2
9697   libgeoclue0
9698   libgexiv2-0
9699   libgif4
9700   libglade2.0-cil
9701   libglib2.0-cil
9702   libgmime2.4-cil
9703   libgnome-vfs2.0-cil
9704   libgnome2.24-cil
9705   libgnomepanel2.24-cil
9706   libgpod-common
9707   libgpod4
9708   libgtk2.0-cil
9709   libgtkglext1
9710   libgtksourceview2.0-common
9711   libmono-addins-gui0.2-cil
9712   libmono-addins0.2-cil
9713   libmono-cairo2.0-cil
9714   libmono-corlib2.0-cil
9715   libmono-i18n-west2.0-cil
9716   libmono-posix2.0-cil
9717   libmono-security2.0-cil
9718   libmono-sharpzip2.84-cil
9719   libmono-system2.0-cil
9720   libmtp8
9721   libmusicbrainz3-6
9722   libndesk-dbus-glib1.0-cil
9723   libndesk-dbus1.0-cil
9724   libopal3.6.8
9725   libpolkit-gtk-1-0
9726   libpt2.6.7
9727   libpython2.6
9728   librpm1
9729   librpmio1
9730   libsdl1.2debian
9731   libsrtp0
9732   libssh-4
9733   libtelepathy-farsight0
9734   libtelepathy-glib0
9735   libtidy-0.99-0
9736   media-player-info
9737   mesa-utils
9738   mono-2.0-gac
9739   mono-gac
9740   mono-runtime
9741   nautilus-sendto
9742   nautilus-sendto-empathy
9743   p7zip-full
9744   pkg-config
9745   python-aptdaemon
9746   python-aptdaemon-gtk
9747   python-axiom
9748   python-beautifulsoup
9749   python-bugbuddy
9750   python-clientform
9751   python-coherence
9752   python-configobj
9753   python-crypto
9754   python-cupshelpers
9755   python-elementtree
9756   python-epsilon
9757   python-evolution
9758   python-feedparser
9759   python-gdata
9760   python-gdbm
9761   python-gst0.10
9762   python-gtkglext1
9763   python-gtksourceview2
9764   python-httplib2
9765   python-louie
9766   python-mako
9767   python-markupsafe
9768   python-mechanize
9769   python-nevow
9770   python-notify
9771   python-opengl
9772   python-openssl
9773   python-pam
9774   python-pkg-resources
9775   python-pyasn1
9776   python-pysqlite2
9777   python-rdflib
9778   python-serial
9779   python-tagpy
9780   python-twisted-bin
9781   python-twisted-conch
9782   python-twisted-core
9783   python-twisted-web
9784   python-utidylib
9785   python-webkit
9786   python-xdg
9787   python-zope.interface
9788   remmina
9789   remmina-plugin-data
9790   remmina-plugin-rdp
9791   remmina-plugin-vnc
9792   rhythmbox-plugin-cdrecorder
9793   rhythmbox-plugins
9794   rpm-common
9795   rpm2cpio
9796   seahorse-plugins
9797   shotwell
9798   software-center
9799   system-config-printer-udev
9800   telepathy-gabble
9801   telepathy-mission-control-5
9802   telepathy-salut
9803   tomboy
9804   totem
9805   totem-coherence
9806   totem-mozilla
9807   totem-plugins
9808   transmission-common
9809   xdg-user-dirs
9810   xdg-user-dirs-gtk
9811   xserver-xephyr
9812 </p></blockquote>
9813
9814 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
9815
9816 <blockquote><p>
9817   cheese
9818   ekiga
9819   eog
9820   epiphany-extensions
9821   evolution-exchange
9822   fast-user-switch-applet
9823   file-roller
9824   gcalctool
9825   gconf-editor
9826   gdm
9827   gedit
9828   gedit-common
9829   gnome-games
9830   gnome-games-data
9831   gnome-nettool
9832   gnome-system-tools
9833   gnome-themes
9834   gnuchess
9835   gucharmap
9836   guile-1.8-libs
9837   libavahi-ui0
9838   libdmx1
9839   libgalago3
9840   libgtk-vnc-1.0-0
9841   libgtksourceview2.0-0
9842   liblircclient0
9843   libsdl1.2debian-alsa
9844   libspeexdsp1
9845   libsvga1
9846   rhythmbox
9847   seahorse
9848   sound-juicer
9849   system-config-printer
9850   totem-common
9851   transmission-gtk
9852   vinagre
9853   vino
9854 </p></blockquote>
9855
9856 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
9857
9858 <blockquote><p>
9859   gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
9860 </p></blockquote>
9861
9862 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
9863
9864 <blockquote><p>
9865 [nothing]
9866 </p></blockquote>
9867
9868 <p>This is for KDE:</p>
9869
9870 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
9871
9872 <blockquote><p>
9873   ksmserver
9874 </p></blockquote>
9875
9876 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
9877
9878 <blockquote><p>
9879   kwin
9880   network-manager-kde
9881 </p></blockquote>
9882
9883 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
9884
9885 <blockquote><p>
9886   arts
9887   dolphin
9888   freespacenotifier
9889   google-gadgets-gst
9890   google-gadgets-xul
9891   kappfinder
9892   kcalc
9893   kcharselect
9894   kde-core
9895   kde-plasma-desktop
9896   kde-standard
9897   kde-window-manager
9898   kdeartwork
9899   kdeartwork-emoticons
9900   kdeartwork-style
9901   kdeartwork-theme-icon
9902   kdebase
9903   kdebase-apps
9904   kdebase-workspace
9905   kdebase-workspace-bin
9906   kdebase-workspace-data
9907   kdeeject
9908   kdelibs
9909   kdeplasma-addons
9910   kdeutils
9911   kdewallpapers
9912   kdf
9913   kfloppy
9914   kgpg
9915   khelpcenter4
9916   kinfocenter
9917   konq-plugins-l10n
9918   konqueror-nsplugins
9919   kscreensaver
9920   kscreensaver-xsavers
9921   ktimer
9922   kwrite
9923   libgle3
9924   libkde4-ruby1.8
9925   libkonq5
9926   libkonq5-templates
9927   libnetpbm10
9928   libplasma-ruby
9929   libplasma-ruby1.8
9930   libqt4-ruby1.8
9931   marble-data
9932   marble-plugins
9933   netpbm
9934   nuvola-icon-theme
9935   plasma-dataengines-workspace
9936   plasma-desktop
9937   plasma-desktopthemes-artwork
9938   plasma-runners-addons
9939   plasma-scriptengine-googlegadgets
9940   plasma-scriptengine-python
9941   plasma-scriptengine-qedje
9942   plasma-scriptengine-ruby
9943   plasma-scriptengine-webkit
9944   plasma-scriptengines
9945   plasma-wallpapers-addons
9946   plasma-widget-folderview
9947   plasma-widget-networkmanagement
9948   ruby
9949   sweeper
9950   update-notifier-kde
9951   xscreensaver-data-extra
9952   xscreensaver-gl
9953   xscreensaver-gl-extra
9954   xscreensaver-screensaver-bsod
9955 </p></blockquote>
9956
9957 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
9958
9959 <blockquote><p>
9960   ark
9961   google-gadgets-common
9962   google-gadgets-qt
9963   htdig
9964   kate
9965   kdebase-bin
9966   kdebase-data
9967   kdepasswd
9968   kfind
9969   klipper
9970   konq-plugins
9971   konqueror
9972   ksysguard
9973   ksysguardd
9974   libarchive1
9975   libcln6
9976   libeet1
9977   libeina-svn-06
9978   libggadget-1.0-0b
9979   libggadget-qt-1.0-0b
9980   libgps19
9981   libkdecorations4
9982   libkephal4
9983   libkonq4
9984   libkonqsidebarplugin4a
9985   libkscreensaver5
9986   libksgrd4
9987   libksignalplotter4
9988   libkunitconversion4
9989   libkwineffects1a
9990   libmarblewidget4
9991   libntrack-qt4-1
9992   libntrack0
9993   libplasma-geolocation-interface4
9994   libplasmaclock4a
9995   libplasmagenericshell4
9996   libprocesscore4a
9997   libprocessui4a
9998   libqalculate5
9999   libqedje0a
10000   libqtruby4shared2
10001   libqzion0a
10002   libruby1.8
10003   libscim8c2a
10004   libsmokekdecore4-3
10005   libsmokekdeui4-3
10006   libsmokekfile3
10007   libsmokekhtml3
10008   libsmokekio3
10009   libsmokeknewstuff2-3
10010   libsmokeknewstuff3-3
10011   libsmokekparts3
10012   libsmokektexteditor3
10013   libsmokekutils3
10014   libsmokenepomuk3
10015   libsmokephonon3
10016   libsmokeplasma3
10017   libsmokeqtcore4-3
10018   libsmokeqtdbus4-3
10019   libsmokeqtgui4-3
10020   libsmokeqtnetwork4-3
10021   libsmokeqtopengl4-3
10022   libsmokeqtscript4-3
10023   libsmokeqtsql4-3
10024   libsmokeqtsvg4-3
10025   libsmokeqttest4-3
10026   libsmokeqtuitools4-3
10027   libsmokeqtwebkit4-3
10028   libsmokeqtxml4-3
10029   libsmokesolid3
10030   libsmokesoprano3
10031   libtaskmanager4a
10032   libtidy-0.99-0
10033   libweather-ion4a
10034   libxklavier16
10035   libxxf86misc1
10036   okteta
10037   oxygencursors
10038   plasma-dataengines-addons
10039   plasma-scriptengine-superkaramba
10040   plasma-widget-lancelot
10041   plasma-widgets-addons
10042   plasma-widgets-workspace
10043   polkit-kde-1
10044   ruby1.8
10045   systemsettings
10046   update-notifier-common
10047 </p></blockquote>
10048
10049 <p>Running apt-get autoremove made the results using apt-get and
10050 aptitude a bit more similar, but there are still quite a lott of
10051 differences.  I have no idea what packages should be installed after
10052 the upgrade, but hope those that do can have a look.</p>
10053
10054       </div>
10055       <div class="tags">
10056
10057
10058         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
10059
10060
10061       </div>
10062     </div>
10063     <div class="padding"></div>
10064
10065     <div class="entry">
10066       <div class="title">
10067         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Migrating_Xen_virtual_machines_using_LVM_to_KVM_using_disk_images.html">Migrating Xen virtual machines using LVM to KVM using disk images</a>
10068       </div>
10069       <div class="date">
10070         22nd November 2010
10071       </div>
10072       <div class="body">
10073         <p>Most of the computers in use by the
10074 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux project</a>
10075 are virtual machines.  And they have been Xen machines running on a
10076 fairly old IBM eserver xseries 345 machine, and we wanted to migrate
10077 them to KVM on a newer Dell PowerEdge 2950 host machine.  This was a
10078 bit harder that it could have been, because we set up the Xen virtual
10079 machines to get the virtual partitions from LVM, which as far as I
10080 know is not supported by KVM.  So to migrate, we had to convert
10081 several LVM logical volumes to partitions on a virtual disk file.</p>
10082
10083 <p>I found
10084 <a href="http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com.au/articles/35011-Six-steps-for-migrating-Xen-virtual-machines-to-KVM">a
10085 nice recipe</a> to do this, and wrote the following script to do the
10086 migration.  It uses qemu-img from the qemu package to make the disk
10087 image, parted to partition it, losetup and kpartx to present the disk
10088 image partions as devices, and dd to copy the data.  I NFS mounted the
10089 new servers storage area on the old server to do the migration.</p>
10090
10091 <pre>
10092 #!/bin/sh
10093
10094 # Based on
10095 # http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com.au/articles/35011-Six-steps-for-migrating-Xen-virtual-machines-to-KVM
10096
10097 set -e
10098 set -x
10099
10100 if [ -z "$1" ] ; then
10101     echo "Usage: $0 &lt;hostname&gt;"
10102     exit 1
10103 else
10104     host="$1"
10105 fi
10106
10107 if [ ! -e /dev/vg_data/$host-disk ] ; then
10108     echo "error: unable to find LVM volume for $host"
10109     exit 1
10110 fi
10111
10112 # Partitions need to be a bit bigger than the LVM LVs.  not sure why.
10113 disksize=$( lvs --units m | grep $host-disk | awk '{sum = sum + $4} END { print int(sum * 1.05) }')
10114 swapsize=$( lvs --units m | grep $host-swap | awk '{sum = sum + $4} END { print int(sum * 1.05) }')
10115 totalsize=$(( ( $disksize + $swapsize ) ))
10116
10117 img=$host.img
10118 #dd if=/dev/zero of=$img bs=1M count=$(( $disksize + $swapsize ))
10119 qemu-img create $img ${totalsize}MMaking room on the Debian Edu/Sqeeze DVD
10120
10121 parted $img mklabel msdos
10122 parted $img mkpart primary linux-swap 0 $disksize
10123 parted $img mkpart primary ext2 $disksize $totalsize
10124 parted $img set 1 boot on
10125
10126 modprobe dm-mod
10127 losetup /dev/loop0 $img
10128 kpartx -a /dev/loop0
10129
10130 dd if=/dev/vg_data/$host-disk of=/dev/mapper/loop0p1 bs=1M
10131 fsck.ext3 -f /dev/mapper/loop0p1 || true
10132 mkswap /dev/mapper/loop0p2
10133
10134 kpartx -d /dev/loop0
10135 losetup -d /dev/loop0
10136 </pre>
10137
10138 <p>The script is perhaps so simple that it is not copyrightable, but
10139 if it is, it is licenced using GPL v2 or later at your discretion.</p>
10140
10141 <p>After doing this, I booted a Debian CD in rescue mode in KVM with
10142 the new disk image attached, installed grub-pc and linux-image-686 and
10143 set up grub to boot from the disk image.  After this, the KVM machines
10144 seem to work just fine.</p>
10145
10146       </div>
10147       <div class="tags">
10148
10149
10150         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
10151
10152
10153       </div>
10154     </div>
10155     <div class="padding"></div>
10156
10157     <div class="entry">
10158       <div class="title">
10159         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__apt_vs_aptitude_with_the_Gnome_and_KDE_desktop.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, apt vs aptitude with the Gnome and KDE desktop</a>
10160       </div>
10161       <div class="date">
10162         20th November 2010
10163       </div>
10164       <div class="body">
10165         <p>I'm still running upgrade testing of the
10166 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">Lenny
10167 Gnome and KDE Desktop</a>, but have not had time to spend on reporting the
10168 status.  Here is a short update based on a test I ran 20101118.</p>
10169
10170 <p>I still do not know what a correct migration should look like, so I
10171 report any differences between apt and aptitude and hope someone else
10172 can see if anything should be changed.</p>
10173
10174 <p>This is for Gnome:</p>
10175
10176 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
10177
10178 <blockquote><p>
10179   apache2.2-bin aptdaemon at-spi baobab binfmt-support
10180   browser-plugin-gnash cheese-common cli-common cpp-4.3 cups-pk-helper
10181   dmz-cursor-theme empathy empathy-common finger
10182   freedesktop-sound-theme freeglut3 gconf-defaults-service gdm-themes
10183   gedit-plugins geoclue geoclue-hostip geoclue-localnet geoclue-manual
10184   geoclue-yahoo gnash gnash-common gnome gnome-backgrounds
10185   gnome-cards-data gnome-codec-install gnome-core
10186   gnome-desktop-environment gnome-disk-utility gnome-screenshot
10187   gnome-search-tool gnome-session-canberra gnome-spell
10188   gnome-system-log gnome-themes-extras gnome-themes-more
10189   gnome-user-share gs-common gstreamer0.10-fluendo-mp3
10190   gstreamer0.10-tools gtk2-engines gtk2-engines-pixbuf
10191   gtk2-engines-smooth hal-info hamster-applet libapache2-mod-dnssd
10192   libapr1 libaprutil1 libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 libaprutil1-ldap
10193   libart2.0-cil libatspi1.0-0 libboost-date-time1.42.0
10194   libboost-python1.42.0 libboost-thread1.42.0 libchamplain-0.4-0
10195   libchamplain-gtk-0.4-0 libcheese-gtk18 libclutter-gtk-0.10-0
10196   libcryptui0 libcupsys2 libdiscid0 libeel2-data libelf1 libepc-1.0-2
10197   libepc-common libepc-ui-1.0-2 libfreerdp-plugins-standard
10198   libfreerdp0 libgail-common libgconf2.0-cil libgdata-common libgdata7
10199   libgdl-1-common libgdu-gtk0 libgee2 libgeoclue0 libgexiv2-0 libgif4
10200   libglade2.0-cil libglib2.0-cil libgmime2.4-cil libgnome-vfs2.0-cil
10201   libgnome2.24-cil libgnomepanel2.24-cil libgnomeprint2.2-data
10202   libgnomeprintui2.2-common libgnomevfs2-bin libgpod-common libgpod4
10203   libgtk2.0-cil libgtkglext1 libgtksourceview-common
10204   libgtksourceview2.0-common libmono-addins-gui0.2-cil
10205   libmono-addins0.2-cil libmono-cairo2.0-cil libmono-corlib2.0-cil
10206   libmono-i18n-west2.0-cil libmono-posix2.0-cil
10207   libmono-security2.0-cil libmono-sharpzip2.84-cil
10208   libmono-system2.0-cil libmtp8 libmusicbrainz3-6
10209   libndesk-dbus-glib1.0-cil libndesk-dbus1.0-cil libopal3.6.8
10210   libpolkit-gtk-1-0 libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa
10211   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libpt2.6.7 libpython2.6 librpm1 librpmio1
10212   libsdl1.2debian libservlet2.4-java libsrtp0 libssh-4
10213   libtelepathy-farsight0 libtelepathy-glib0 libtidy-0.99-0
10214   libxalan2-java libxerces2-java media-player-info mesa-utils
10215   mono-2.0-gac mono-gac mono-runtime nautilus-sendto
10216   nautilus-sendto-empathy openoffice.org-writer2latex
10217   openssl-blacklist p7zip p7zip-full pkg-config python-4suite-xml
10218   python-aptdaemon python-aptdaemon-gtk python-axiom
10219   python-beautifulsoup python-bugbuddy python-clientform
10220   python-coherence python-configobj python-crypto python-cupshelpers
10221   python-cupsutils python-eggtrayicon python-elementtree
10222   python-epsilon python-evolution python-feedparser python-gdata
10223   python-gdbm python-gst0.10 python-gtkglext1 python-gtkmozembed
10224   python-gtksourceview2 python-httplib2 python-louie python-mako
10225   python-markupsafe python-mechanize python-nevow python-notify
10226   python-opengl python-openssl python-pam python-pkg-resources
10227   python-pyasn1 python-pysqlite2 python-rdflib python-serial
10228   python-tagpy python-twisted-bin python-twisted-conch
10229   python-twisted-core python-twisted-web python-utidylib python-webkit
10230   python-xdg python-zope.interface remmina remmina-plugin-data
10231   remmina-plugin-rdp remmina-plugin-vnc rhythmbox-plugin-cdrecorder
10232   rhythmbox-plugins rpm-common rpm2cpio seahorse-plugins shotwell
10233   software-center svgalibg1 system-config-printer-udev
10234   telepathy-gabble telepathy-mission-control-5 telepathy-salut tomboy
10235   totem totem-coherence totem-mozilla totem-plugins
10236   transmission-common xdg-user-dirs xdg-user-dirs-gtk xserver-xephyr
10237   zip
10238 </p></blockquote>
10239
10240 Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude
10241
10242 <blockquote><p>
10243   arj bluez-utils cheese dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop ekiga eog
10244   epiphany-extensions epiphany-gecko evolution-exchange
10245   fast-user-switch-applet file-roller gcalctool gconf-editor gdm gedit
10246   gedit-common gnome-app-install gnome-games gnome-games-data
10247   gnome-nettool gnome-system-tools gnome-themes gnome-utils
10248   gnome-vfs-obexftp gnome-volume-manager gnuchess gucharmap
10249   guile-1.8-libs hal libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5
10250   libavahi-ui0 libbind9-50 libbluetooth2 libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7
10251   libcucul0 libcurl3 libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdmx1 libdvdread3
10252   libedata-cal1.2-6 libedataserver1.2-9 libeel2-2.20 libepc-1.0-1
10253   libepc-ui-1.0-1 libexchange-storage1.2-3 libfaad0 libgadu3
10254   libgalago3 libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libggz2 libggzcore9
10255   libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0 libgnome-desktop-2
10256   libgnome-pilot2 libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomeprint2.2-0
10257   libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtk-vnc-1.0-0
10258   libgtkhtml2-0 libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgtksourceview2.0-0
10259   libgucharmap6 libhesiod0 libicu38 libisccc50 libisccfg50 libiw29
10260   libjaxp1.3-java-gcj libkpathsea4 liblircclient0 libltdl3 liblwres50
10261   libmagick++10 libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmozjs1d libmpfr1ldbl libmtp7
10262   libmysqlclient15off libnautilus-burn4 libneon27 libnm-glib0
10263   libnm-util0 libopal-2.2 libosp5 libparted1.8-10 libpisock9
10264   libpisync1 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3 libpt-1.10.10 libraw1394-8
10265   libsdl1.2debian-alsa libsensors3 libsexy2 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8
10266   libspeexdsp1 libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libsvga1
10267   libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1 libtotem-plparser10 libtrackerclient0
10268   libvoikko1 libxalan2-java-gcj libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12
10269   libxtrap6 libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3 mysql-common rhythmbox seahorse
10270   sound-juicer swfdec-gnome system-config-printer totem-common
10271   totem-gstreamer transmission-gtk vinagre vino w3c-dtd-xhtml wodim
10272 </p></blockquote>
10273
10274 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
10275
10276 <blockquote><p>
10277   gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
10278 </p></blockquote>
10279
10280 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
10281
10282 <blockquote><p>
10283 [nothing]
10284 </p></blockquote>
10285
10286 <p>This is for KDE:</p>
10287
10288 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
10289
10290 <blockquote><p>
10291   autopoint bomber bovo cantor cantor-backend-kalgebra cpp-4.3 dcoprss
10292   edict espeak espeak-data eyesapplet fifteenapplet finger gettext
10293   ghostscript-x git gnome-audio gnugo granatier gs-common
10294   gstreamer0.10-pulseaudio indi kaddressbook-plugins kalgebra
10295   kalzium-data kanjidic kapman kate-plugins kblocks kbreakout kbstate
10296   kde-icons-mono kdeaccessibility kdeaddons-kfile-plugins
10297   kdeadmin-kfile-plugins kdeartwork-misc kdeartwork-theme-window
10298   kdeedu kdeedu-data kdeedu-kvtml-data kdegames kdegames-card-data
10299   kdegames-mahjongg-data kdegraphics-kfile-plugins kdelirc
10300   kdemultimedia-kfile-plugins kdenetwork-kfile-plugins
10301   kdepim-kfile-plugins kdepim-kio-plugins kdessh kdetoys kdewebdev
10302   kdiamond kdnssd kfilereplace kfourinline kgeography-data kigo
10303   killbots kiriki klettres-data kmoon kmrml knewsticker-scripts
10304   kollision kpf krosspython ksirk ksmserver ksquares kstars-data
10305   ksudoku kubrick kweather libasound2-plugins libboost-python1.42.0
10306   libcfitsio3 libconvert-binhex-perl libcrypt-ssleay-perl libdb4.6++
10307   libdjvulibre-text libdotconf1.0 liberror-perl libespeak1
10308   libfinance-quote-perl libgail-common libgsl0ldbl libhtml-parser-perl
10309   libhtml-tableextract-perl libhtml-tagset-perl libhtml-tree-perl
10310   libio-stringy-perl libkdeedu4 libkdegames5 libkiten4 libkpathsea5
10311   libkrossui4 libmailtools-perl libmime-tools-perl
10312   libnews-nntpclient-perl libopenbabel3 libportaudio2 libpulse-browse0
10313   libservlet2.4-java libspeechd2 libtiff-tools libtimedate-perl
10314   libunistring0 liburi-perl libwww-perl libxalan2-java libxerces2-java
10315   lirc luatex marble networkstatus noatun-plugins
10316   openoffice.org-writer2latex palapeli palapeli-data parley
10317   parley-data poster psutils pulseaudio pulseaudio-esound-compat
10318   pulseaudio-module-x11 pulseaudio-utils quanta-data rocs rsync
10319   speech-dispatcher step svgalibg1 texlive-binaries texlive-luatex
10320   ttf-sazanami-gothic
10321 </p></blockquote>
10322
10323 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
10324
10325 <blockquote><p>
10326   amor artsbuilder atlantik atlantikdesigner blinken bluez-utils cvs
10327   dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop imlib-base imlib11 kalzium kanagram kandy
10328   kasteroids katomic kbackgammon kbattleship kblackbox kbounce kbruch
10329   kcron kdat kdemultimedia-kappfinder-data kdeprint kdict kdvi kedit
10330   keduca kenolaba kfax kfaxview kfouleggs kgeography kghostview
10331   kgoldrunner khangman khexedit kiconedit kig kimagemapeditor
10332   kitchensync kiten kjumpingcube klatin klettres klickety klines
10333   klinkstatus kmag kmahjongg kmailcvt kmenuedit kmid kmilo kmines
10334   kmousetool kmouth kmplot knetwalk kodo kolf kommander konquest kooka
10335   kpager kpat kpdf kpercentage kpilot kpoker kpovmodeler krec
10336   kregexpeditor kreversi ksame ksayit kshisen ksig ksim ksirc ksirtet
10337   ksmiletris ksnake ksokoban kspaceduel kstars ksvg ksysv kteatime
10338   ktip ktnef ktouch ktron kttsd ktuberling kturtle ktux kuickshow
10339   kverbos kview kviewshell kvoctrain kwifimanager kwin kwin4 kwordquiz
10340   kworldclock kxsldbg libakode2 libarts1-akode libarts1-audiofile
10341   libarts1-mpeglib libarts1-xine libavahi-compat-libdnssd1
10342   libavahi-core5 libavc1394-0 libbind9-50 libbluetooth2
10343   libboost-python1.34.1 libcucul0 libcurl3 libcvsservice0
10344   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdjvulibre21 libdvdread3 libfaad0 libfreebob0
10345   libgd2-noxpm libgraphviz4 libgsmme1c2a libgtkhtml2-0 libicu38
10346   libiec61883-0 libindex0 libisccc50 libisccfg50 libiw29
10347   libjaxp1.3-java-gcj libk3b3 libkcal2b libkcddb1 libkdeedu3
10348   libkdegames1 libkdepim1a libkgantt0 libkleopatra1 libkmime2
10349   libkpathsea4 libkpimexchange1 libkpimidentities1 libkscan1
10350   libksieve0 libktnef1 liblockdev1 libltdl3 liblwres50 libmagick10
10351   libmimelib1c2a libmodplug0c2 libmozjs1d libmpcdec3 libmpfr1ldbl
10352   libneon27 libnm-util0 libopensync0 libpisock9 libpoppler-glib3
10353   libpoppler-qt2 libpoppler3 libraw1394-8 librss1 libsensors3
10354   libsmbios2 libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90
10355   libtalloc1 libxalan2-java-gcj libxerces2-java-gcj libxtrap6 lskat
10356   mpeglib network-manager-kde noatun pmount tex-common texlive-base
10357   texlive-common texlive-doc-base texlive-fonts-recommended tidy
10358   ttf-dustin ttf-kochi-gothic ttf-sjfonts
10359 </p></blockquote>
10360
10361 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
10362
10363 <blockquote><p>
10364   dolphin kde-core kde-plasma-desktop kde-standard kde-window-manager
10365   kdeartwork kdebase kdebase-apps kdebase-workspace
10366   kdebase-workspace-bin kdebase-workspace-data kdeutils kscreensaver
10367   kscreensaver-xsavers libgle3 libkonq5 libkonq5-templates libnetpbm10
10368   netpbm plasma-widget-folderview plasma-widget-networkmanagement
10369   xscreensaver-data-extra xscreensaver-gl xscreensaver-gl-extra
10370   xscreensaver-screensaver-bsod
10371 </p></blockquote>
10372
10373 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
10374
10375 <blockquote><p>
10376   kdebase-bin konq-plugins konqueror
10377 </p></blockquote>
10378
10379       </div>
10380       <div class="tags">
10381
10382
10383         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
10384
10385
10386       </div>
10387     </div>
10388     <div class="padding"></div>
10389
10390     <div class="entry">
10391       <div class="title">
10392         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gnash_buildbot_slave_and_Debian_kfreebsd.html">Gnash buildbot slave and Debian kfreebsd</a>
10393       </div>
10394       <div class="date">
10395         20th November 2010
10396       </div>
10397       <div class="body">
10398         <p>Answering
10399 <a href="http://www.listware.net/201011/gnash-dev/67431-gnash-dev-buildbot-looking-for-slaves.html">the
10400 call from the Gnash project</a> for
10401 <a href="http://www.gnashdev.org:8010">buildbot</a> slaves to test the
10402 current source, I have set up a virtual KVM machine on the Debian
10403 Edu/Skolelinux virtualization host to test the git source on
10404 Debian/Squeeze.  I hope this can help the developers in getting new
10405 releases out more often.</p>
10406
10407 <p>As the developers want less main-stream build platforms tested to,
10408 I have considered setting up a <a
10409 href="http://www.debian.org/ports/kfreebsd-gnu/">Debian/kfreebsd</a>
10410 machine as well.  I have also considered using the kfreebsd
10411 architecture in Debian as a file server in NUUG to get access to the 5
10412 TB zfs volume we currently use to store DV video.  Because of this, I
10413 finally got around to do a test installation of Debian/Squeeze with
10414 kfreebsd.  Installation went fairly smooth, thought I noticed some
10415 visual glitches in the cdebconf dialogs (black cursor left on the
10416 screen at random locations).  Have not gotten very far with the
10417 testing.  Noticed cfdisk did not work, but fdisk did so it was not a
10418 fatal problem.  Have to spend some more time on it to see if it is
10419 useful as a file server for NUUG.  Will try to find time to set up a
10420 gnash buildbot slave on the Debian Edu/Skolelinux this weekend.</p>
10421
10422       </div>
10423       <div class="tags">
10424
10425
10426         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10427
10428
10429       </div>
10430     </div>
10431     <div class="padding"></div>
10432
10433     <div class="entry">
10434       <div class="title">
10435         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Making_room_on_the_Debian_Edu_Sqeeze_DVD.html">Making room on the Debian Edu/Sqeeze DVD</a>
10436       </div>
10437       <div class="date">
10438          7th November 2010
10439       </div>
10440       <div class="body">
10441         <p>Prioritising packages for the Debian Edu /
10442 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> DVD, which is
10443 supposed provide a school with all the services and user applications
10444 needed on the pupils computer network has always been hard.  Even
10445 schools without Internet connections should be able to get Debian Edu
10446 working using this DVD.</p>
10447
10448 <p>The job became a lot harder when apt and aptitude started
10449 installing recommended packages by default.  We want the same set of
10450 packages to be installed when using the DVD and the netinst CD, and
10451 that means all recommended packages need to be on the DVD.  I created
10452 a patch for debian-cd in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/601203">BTS
10453 report #601203</a> to do this, and since this change was applied to
10454 the Debian Edu DVD build, we have been seriously short on space.</p>
10455
10456 <p>A few days ago we decided to drop blender, wxmaxima and kicad from
10457 the default installation to save space on the DVD, believing that
10458 those needing these applications are few and can get them from the
10459 Debian archive.</p>
10460
10461 <p>Yesterday, I had a look what source packages to see which packages
10462 were using most space.  A few large packages are well know;
10463 openoffice.org, openclipart and fluid-soundfont.  But I also
10464 discovered that lilypond used 106 MiB and fglrx-driver used 53 MiB.
10465 The lilypond package is pulled in as a dependency for rosegarden, and
10466 when looking a bit closer I discovered that 99 MiB of the 106 MiB were
10467 the documentation package, which is recommended by the binary package.
10468 I decided to drop this documentation package from our DVD, as most of
10469 our users will use the GUI front-ends and do not need the lilypond
10470 documentation.  Similarly, I dropped the non-free fglrx-driver package
10471 which might be installed by d-i when its hardware is detected, as the
10472 free X driver should work.</p>
10473
10474 <p>With this change, we finally got space for the LXDE and Gnome
10475 desktop packages as well as the language specific packages making the
10476 DVD more useful again.</p>
10477
10478       </div>
10479       <div class="tags">
10480
10481
10482         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10483
10484
10485       </div>
10486     </div>
10487     <div class="padding"></div>
10488
10489     <div class="entry">
10490       <div class="title">
10491         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Software_updates_2010_10_24.html">Software updates 2010-10-24</a>
10492       </div>
10493       <div class="date">
10494         24th October 2010
10495       </div>
10496       <div class="body">
10497         <p>Some updates.</p>
10498
10499 <p>My <a href="http://pledgebank.com/gnash-avm2">gnash pledge</a> to
10500 raise money for the project is going well.  The lower limit of 10
10501 signers was reached in 24 hours, and so far 13 people have signed it.
10502 More signers and more funding is most welcome, and I am really curious
10503 how far we can get before the time limit of December 24 is reached.
10504 :)</p>
10505
10506 <p>On the #gnash IRC channel on irc.freenode.net, I was just tipped
10507 about what appear to be a great code coverage tool capable of
10508 generating code coverage stats without any changes to the source code.
10509 It is called
10510 <a href="http://simonkagstrom.github.com/kcov/index.html">kcov</a>,
10511 and can be used using <tt>kcov &lt;directory&gt; &lt;binary&gt;</tt>.
10512 It is missing in Debian, but the git source built just fine in Squeeze
10513 after I installed libelf-dev, libdwarf-dev, pkg-config and
10514 libglib2.0-dev.  Failed to build in Lenny, but suspect that is
10515 solvable.  I hope kcov make it into Debian soon.</p>
10516
10517 <p>Finally found time to wrap up the release notes for <a
10518 href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2010/10/msg00002.html">a
10519 new alpha release of Debian Edu</a>, and just published the second
10520 alpha test release of the Squeeze based Debian Edu /
10521 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>
10522 release.  Give it a try if you need a complete linux solution for your
10523 school, including central infrastructure server, workstations, thin
10524 client servers and diskless workstations.  A nice touch added
10525 yesterday is RDP support on the thin client servers, for windows
10526 clients to get a Linux desktop on request.</p>
10527
10528       </div>
10529       <div class="tags">
10530
10531
10532         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>.
10533
10534
10535       </div>
10536     </div>
10537     <div class="padding"></div>
10538
10539     <div class="entry">
10540       <div class="title">
10541         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Some_notes_on_Flash_in_Debian_and_Debian_Edu.html">Some notes on Flash in Debian and Debian Edu</a>
10542       </div>
10543       <div class="date">
10544          4th September 2010
10545       </div>
10546       <div class="body">
10547         <p>In the <a href="http://popcon.debian.org/unknown/by_vote">Debian
10548 popularity-contest numbers</a>, the adobe-flashplugin package the
10549 second most popular used package that is missing in Debian.  The sixth
10550 most popular is flashplayer-mozilla.  This is a clear indication that
10551 working flash is important for Debian users.  Around 10 percent of the
10552 users submitting data to popcon.debian.org have this package
10553 installed.</p>
10554
10555 <p>In the report written by Lars Risan in August 2008
10556 («<a href="http://wiki.skolelinux.no/Dokumentasjon/Rapporter?action=AttachFile&do=view&target=Skolelinux_i_bruk_rapport_1.0.pdf">Skolelinux
10557 i bruk – Rapport for Hurum kommune, Universitetet i Agder og
10558 stiftelsen SLX Debian Labs</a>»), one of the most important problems
10559 schools experienced with <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian
10560 Edu/Skolelinux</a> was the lack of working Flash.  A lot of educational
10561 web sites require Flash to work, and lacking working Flash support in
10562 the web browser and the problems with installing it was perceived as a
10563 good reason to stay with Windows.</p>
10564
10565 <p>I once saw a funny and sad comment in a web forum, where Linux was
10566 said to be the retarded cousin that did not really understand
10567 everything you told him but could work fairly well.  This was a
10568 comment regarding the problems Linux have with proprietary formats and
10569 non-standard web pages, and is sad because it exposes a fairly common
10570 understanding of whose fault it is if web pages that only work in for
10571 example Internet Explorer 6 fail to work on Firefox, and funny because
10572 it explain very well how annoying it is for users when Linux
10573 distributions do not work with the documents they receive or the web
10574 pages they want to visit.</p>
10575
10576 <p>This is part of the reason why I believe it is important for Debian
10577 and Debian Edu to have a well working Flash implementation in the
10578 distribution, to get at least popular sites as Youtube and Google
10579 Video to working out of the box.  For Squeeze, Debian have the chance
10580 to include the latest version of Gnash that will make this happen, as
10581 the new release 0.8.8 was published a few weeks ago and is resting in
10582 unstable.  The new version work with more sites that version 0.8.7.
10583 The Gnash maintainers have asked for a freeze exception, but the
10584 release team have not had time to reply to it yet.  I hope they agree
10585 with me that Flash is important for the Debian desktop users, and thus
10586 accept the new package into Squeeze.</p>
10587
10588       </div>
10589       <div class="tags">
10590
10591
10592         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
10593
10594
10595       </div>
10596     </div>
10597     <div class="padding"></div>
10598
10599     <div class="entry">
10600       <div class="title">
10601         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_hard_link_handling_with_sshfs.html">Broken hard link handling with sshfs</a>
10602       </div>
10603       <div class="date">
10604         30th August 2010
10605       </div>
10606       <div class="body">
10607         <p>Just got an email from Tobias Gruetzmacher as a followup on my
10608 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_umask_handling_with_sshfs.html">previous
10609 post about sshfs</a>.  He reported another problem with sshfs.  It
10610 fail to handle hard links properly.  A simple way to spot this is to
10611 look at the . and .. entries in the directory tree.  These should have
10612 a link count >1, but on sshfs the count is 1.  I just tested to see
10613 what happen when trying to hardlink, and this fail as well:</p>
10614
10615 <pre>
10616 % ln foo bar
10617 ln: creating hard link `bar' => `foo': Function not implemented
10618 %
10619 </pre>
10620
10621 <p>I have not yet found time to implement a test for this in my file
10622 system test code, but believe having working hard links is useful to
10623 avoid surprised unix programs.  Not as useful as working file locking
10624 and symlinks, which are required to get a working desktop, but useful
10625 nevertheless. :)</p>
10626
10627 <p>The latest version of the file system test code is available via
10628 git from
10629 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a></p>
10630
10631       </div>
10632       <div class="tags">
10633
10634
10635         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10636
10637
10638       </div>
10639     </div>
10640     <div class="padding"></div>
10641
10642     <div class="entry">
10643       <div class="title">
10644         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_i_Osloskolen.html">Skolelinux i Osloskolen</a>
10645       </div>
10646       <div class="date">
10647         26th August 2010
10648       </div>
10649       <div class="body">
10650         <p>Denne høsten skal endelig alle Osloskolene få mulighet til å bruke
10651 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>.  Ny IT-løsning
10652 har vært rullet ut i noen måneder nå, og så vidt jeg fikk vite før
10653 sommeren skulle alle skoler ha nytt opplegg på plass før oppstart nå i
10654 høst.  På alle skolene skal en kunne velge ved installasjon om en skal
10655 ha Windows eller Skolelinux på maskinene, og en kan i tillegg
10656 PXE-boote maskinene over nett som tynne klienter eller diskløse
10657 arbeidsstasjoner. Jeg er spent på hvor mange skoler som velger å ta i
10658 bruk Skolelinux, og gleder meg til å se hvordan dette utvikler seg.
10659 Løsningen leveres av
10660 <a href="http://www.logica.no/">Logica</a> med
10661 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a> som
10662 underleverandør, og jeg har vært involvert i utviklingen av løsningen
10663 via Skolelinux Drift AS siden prosjektet starter.  Jeg synes det er
10664 fantastisk at Skolelinux er kommet så langt siden vi startet i 2001 at
10665 alle elevene i Osloskolene nå skal få mulighet til å bruke
10666 løsningen.  Jeg håper de vil sette pris på alle de
10667 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.no/linux-signpost/">fantastiske
10668 brukerprogrammene</a> som er tilgjengelig i Skolelinux.</p>
10669
10670       </div>
10671       <div class="tags">
10672
10673
10674         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
10675
10676
10677       </div>
10678     </div>
10679     <div class="padding"></div>
10680
10681     <div class="entry">
10682       <div class="title">
10683         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_umask_handling_with_sshfs.html">Broken umask handling with sshfs</a>
10684       </div>
10685       <div class="date">
10686         26th August 2010
10687       </div>
10688       <div class="body">
10689         <p>My file system sematics program
10690 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Testing_if_a_file_system_can_be_used_for_home_directories___.html">presented
10691 a few days ago</a> is very useful to verify that a file system can
10692 work as a unix home directory,and today I had to extend it a bit.  I'm
10693 looking into alternatives for home directory access here at the
10694 University of Oslo, and one of the options is sshfs.  My friend
10695 Finn-Arne mentioned a while back that they had used sshfs with Debian
10696 Edu, but stopped because of problems.  I asked today what the problems
10697 where, and he mentioned that sshfs failed to handle umask properly.
10698 Trying to detect the problem I wrote this addition to my fs testing
10699 script:</p>
10700
10701 <pre>
10702 mode_t touch_get_mode(const char *name, mode_t mode) {
10703   mode_t retval = 0;
10704   int fd = open(name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_LARGEFILE, mode);
10705   if (-1 != fd) {
10706     unlink(name);
10707     struct stat statbuf;
10708     if (-1 != fstat(fd, &statbuf)) {
10709       retval = statbuf.st_mode & 0x1ff;
10710     }
10711     close(fd);
10712   }
10713   return retval;
10714 }
10715
10716 /* Try to detect problem discovered using sshfs */
10717 int test_umask(void) {
10718   printf("info: testing umask effect on file creation\n");
10719
10720   mode_t orig_umask = umask(000);
10721   mode_t newmode;
10722   if (0666 != (newmode = touch_get_mode("foobar", 0666))) {
10723     printf("  error: Wrong file mode %o when creating using mode 666 and umask 000\n",
10724            newmode);
10725   }
10726   umask(007);
10727   if (0660 != (newmode = touch_get_mode("foobar", 0666))) {
10728     printf("  error: Wrong file mode %o when creating using mode 666 and umask 007\n",
10729            newmode);
10730   }
10731
10732   umask (orig_umask);
10733   return 0;
10734 }
10735
10736 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
10737   [...]
10738   test_umask();
10739   return 0;
10740 }
10741 </pre>
10742
10743 <p>Sure enough.  On NFS to a netapp, I get this result:</p>
10744
10745 <pre>
10746 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
10747 info: testing symlink creation
10748 info: testing subdirectory creation
10749 info: testing fcntl locking
10750   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
10751   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
10752   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
10753   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
10754   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
10755   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
10756 info: testing umask effect on file creation
10757 </pre>
10758
10759 <p>When mounting the same directory using sshfs, I get this
10760 result:</p>
10761
10762 <pre>
10763 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
10764 info: testing symlink creation
10765 info: testing subdirectory creation
10766 info: testing fcntl locking
10767   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
10768   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
10769   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
10770   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
10771   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
10772   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
10773 info: testing umask effect on file creation
10774   error: Wrong file mode 644 when creating using mode 666 and umask 000
10775   error: Wrong file mode 640 when creating using mode 666 and umask 007
10776 </pre>
10777
10778 <p>So, I can conclude that sshfs is better than smb to a Netapp or a
10779 Windows server, but not good enough to be used as a home
10780 directory.</p>
10781
10782 <p>Update 2010-08-26: Reported the issue in
10783 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/594498">BTS report #594498</a></p>
10784
10785 <p>Update 2010-08-27: Michael Gebetsroither report that he found the
10786 script so useful that he created a GIT repository and stored it in
10787 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a>.</p>
10788
10789       </div>
10790       <div class="tags">
10791
10792
10793         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10794
10795
10796       </div>
10797     </div>
10798     <div class="padding"></div>
10799
10800     <div class="entry">
10801       <div class="title">
10802         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/No_hardcoded_config_on_Debian_Edu_clients.html">No hardcoded config on Debian Edu clients</a>
10803       </div>
10804       <div class="date">
10805          9th August 2010
10806       </div>
10807       <div class="body">
10808         <p>As reported earlier, the last few days I have looked at how Debian
10809 Edu clients are configured, and tried to get rid of all hardcoded
10810 configuration settings on the clients.  I believe the work to be
10811 mostly done, and the clients seem to work just fine with dynamically
10812 generated configuration.</p>
10813
10814 <p>What is the point, you might ask?  The point is to allow a Debian
10815 Edu desktop to integrate into an existing network infrastructure
10816 without any manual configuration.</p>
10817
10818 <p>This is what happens when installing a Debian Edu client here at
10819 the University of Oslo using PXE.  With the PXE installation, I am
10820 asked for language (Norwegian Bokmål), locality (Norway) and keyboard
10821 layout (no-latin1), Debian Edu profile (Roaming Workstation), if I
10822 accept to reformat the hard drive (yes), if I want to submit info to
10823 popcon.debian.org (no) and root password (secret).  After answering
10824 these questions, the installer goes ahead and does its thing, and
10825 after around 50 minutes it is done.  I press enter to finish the
10826 installation, and the machine reboots into KDE.  When the machine is
10827 ready and kdm asks for login information, I enter my university
10828 username and password, am told by kdm that a local home directory has
10829 been created and that I must log in again, and finally log in with the
10830 same username and password to the KDE 4.4 desktop.  At no point during
10831 this process did it ask for university specific settings, and all the
10832 required configuration was dynamically detected using information
10833 fetched via DHCP and DNS.  The roaming workstation is now ready for
10834 use.</p>
10835
10836 <p>How was this done, you might wonder?  First of all, here is the
10837 list of things that need to be configured on the client to get it
10838 working properly out of the box:</p>
10839
10840 <ul>
10841 <li>IP address/netmask and DNS server.</li>
10842 <li>Web proxy URL.</li>
10843 <li>LDAP server for NSS directory information (user, group, etc).</li>
10844 <li>Kerberos server for PAM password checking.</li>
10845 <li>SMB mount point to access the network home directory. (*)</li>
10846 <li>Central syslog server to send syslog messages to. (*)</li>
10847 <li>Sitesummary collector URL to submit info to central server. (*)</li>
10848 </ul>
10849
10850 <p>(Hm, did I forget anything?  Let me knew if I did.)</p>
10851
10852 <p>The points marked (*) are not required to be able to use the
10853 machine, but needed to provide central storage and allowing system
10854 administrators to track their machines.  Since yesterday, everything
10855 but the sitesummary collector URL is dynamically discovered at boot
10856 and installation time in the svn version of Debian Edu.</p>
10857
10858 <p>The IP and DNS setup is fetched during boot using DHCP as usual.
10859 When a DHCP update arrives, the proxy setup is updated by looking for
10860 http://wpat/wpad.dat and using the content of this WPAD file to
10861 configure the http and ftp proxy in /etc/environment and
10862 /etc/apt/apt.conf.  I decided to update the proxy setup using a DHCP
10863 hook to ensure that the client stops using the Debian Edu proxy when
10864 it is moved outside the Debian Edu network, and instead uses any local
10865 proxy present on the new network when it moves around.</p>
10866
10867 <p>The DNS names of the LDAP, Kerberos and syslog server and related
10868 configuration are generated using DNS information at boot.  First the
10869 installer looks for a host named ldap in the current DNS domain.  If
10870 not found, it looks for _ldap._tcp SRV records in DNS instead.  If an
10871 LDAP server is found, its root DSE entry is requested and the
10872 attributes namingContexts and defaultNamingContext are used to
10873 determine which LDAP base to use for NSS.  If there are several
10874 namingContexts attibutes and the defaultNamingContext is present, that
10875 LDAP subtree is used as the base.  If defaultNamingContext is missing,
10876 the subtrees listed as namingContexts are searched in sequence for any
10877 object with class posixAccount or posixGroup, and the first one with
10878 such an object is used as the LDAP base.  For Kerberos, a similar
10879 search is done by first looking for a host named kerberos, and then
10880 for the _kerberos._tcp SRV record.  I've been unable to find a way to
10881 look up the Kerberos realm, so for this the upper case string of the
10882 current DNS domain is used.</p>
10883
10884 <p>For the syslog server, the hosts syslog and loghost are searched
10885 for, and the _syslog._udp SRV record is consulted if no such host is
10886 found.  This algorithm works for both Debian Edu and the University of
10887 Oslo.  A similar strategy would work for locating the sitesummary
10888 server, but have not been implemented yet.  I decided to fetch and
10889 save these settings during installation, to make sure moving to a
10890 different network does not change the set of users being allowed to
10891 log in nor the passwords required to log in.  Usernames and passwords
10892 will be cached by sssd when the user logs in on the Debian Edu
10893 network, and will not change as the laptop move around.  For a
10894 non-roaming machine, there is no caching, but given that it is
10895 supposed to stay in place it should not matter much.  Perhaps we
10896 should switch those to use sssd too?</p>
10897
10898 <p>The user's SMB mount point for the network home directory is
10899 located when the user logs in for the first time.  The LDAP server is
10900 consulted to look for the user's LDAP object and the sambaHomePath
10901 attribute is used if found.  If it isn't found, the home directory
10902 path fetched from NSS is used instead.  Assuming the path is of the
10903 form /site/server/directory/username, the second part is looked up in
10904 DNS and used to generate a SMB URL of the form
10905 smb://server.domain/username.  This algorithm works for both Debian
10906 edu and the University of Oslo.  Perhaps there are better attributes
10907 to use or a better algorithm that works for more sites, but this will
10908 do for now. :)</p>
10909
10910 <p>This work should make it easier to integrate the Debian Edu clients
10911 into any LDAP/Kerberos infrastructure, and make the current setup even
10912 more flexible than before.  I suspect it will also work for thin
10913 client servers, allowing one to easily set up LTSP and hook it into a
10914 existing network infrastructure, but I have not had time to test this
10915 yet.</p>
10916
10917 <p>If you want to help out with implementing these things for Debian
10918 Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
10919
10920 <p>Update 2010-08-09: Simon Farnsworth gave me a heads-up on how to
10921 detect Kerberos realm from DNS, by looking for _kerberos TXT entries
10922 before falling back to the upper case DNS domain name.  Will have to
10923 implement it for Debian Edu. :)</p>
10924
10925       </div>
10926       <div class="tags">
10927
10928
10929         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10930
10931
10932       </div>
10933     </div>
10934     <div class="padding"></div>
10935
10936     <div class="entry">
10937       <div class="title">
10938         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Testing_if_a_file_system_can_be_used_for_home_directories___.html">Testing if a file system can be used for home directories...</a>
10939       </div>
10940       <div class="date">
10941          8th August 2010
10942       </div>
10943       <div class="body">
10944         <p>A few years ago, I was involved in a project planning to use
10945 Windows file servers as home directory servers for Debian
10946 Edu/Skolelinux machines.  This was thought to be no problem, as the
10947 access would be through the SMB network file system protocol, and we
10948 knew other sites used SMB with unix and samba as the file server to
10949 mount home directories without any problems.  But, after months of
10950 struggling, we had to conclude that our goal was impossible.</p>
10951
10952 <p>The reason is simply that while SMB can be used for home
10953 directories when the file server is Samba running on Unix, this only
10954 work because of Samba have some extensions and the fact that the
10955 underlying file system is a unix file system.  When using a Windows
10956 file server, the underlying file system do not have POSIX semantics,
10957 and several programs will fail if the users home directory where they
10958 want to store their configuration lack POSIX semantics.</p>
10959
10960 <p>As part of this work, I wrote a small C program I want to share
10961 with you all, to replicate a few of the problematic applications (like
10962 OpenOffice.org and GCompris) and see if the file system was working as
10963 it should.  If you find yourself in spooky file system land, it might
10964 help you find your way out again.  This is the fs-test.c source:</p>
10965
10966 <pre>
10967 /*
10968  * Some tests to check the file system sematics.  Used to verify that
10969  * CIFS from a windows server do not work properly as a linux home
10970  * directory.
10971  * License: GPL v2 or later
10972  *
10973  * needs libsqlite3-dev and build-essential installed
10974  * compile with: gcc -Wall -lsqlite3 -DTEST_SQLITE fs-test.c -o fs-test
10975 */
10976
10977 #define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS 64
10978 #define _LARGEFILE_SOURCE 1
10979 #define _LARGEFILE64_SOURCE 1
10980
10981 #define _GNU_SOURCE /* for asprintf() */
10982
10983 #include &lt;errno.h>
10984 #include &lt;fcntl.h>
10985 #include &lt;stdio.h>
10986 #include &lt;string.h>
10987 #include &lt;stdlib.h>
10988 #include &lt;sys/file.h>
10989 #include &lt;sys/stat.h>
10990 #include &lt;sys/types.h>
10991 #include &lt;unistd.h>
10992
10993 #ifdef TEST_SQLITE
10994 /*
10995  * Test sqlite open, as done by gcompris require the libsqlite3-dev
10996  * package and linking with -lsqlite3.  A more low level test is
10997  * below.
10998  * See also &lt;URL: http://www.sqlite.org./faq.html#q5 >.
10999  */
11000 #include &lt;sqlite3.h>
11001 #define CREATE_TABLE_USERS                                              \
11002   "CREATE TABLE users (user_id INT UNIQUE, login TEXT, lastname TEXT, firstname TEXT, birthdate TEXT, class_id INT ); "
11003 int test_sqlite_open(void) {
11004   char *zErrMsg;
11005   char *name = "testsqlite.db";
11006   sqlite3 *db=NULL;
11007   unlink(name);
11008   int rc = sqlite3_open(name, &db);
11009   if( rc ){
11010     printf("error: sqlite open of %s failed: %s\n", name, sqlite3_errmsg(db));
11011     sqlite3_close(db);
11012     return -1;
11013   }
11014
11015   /* create tables */
11016   rc = sqlite3_exec(db,CREATE_TABLE_USERS, NULL,  0, &zErrMsg);
11017   if( rc != SQLITE_OK ){
11018     printf("error: sqlite table create failed: %s\n", zErrMsg);
11019     sqlite3_close(db);
11020     return -1;
11021   }
11022   printf("info: sqlite worked\n");
11023   sqlite3_close(db);
11024   return 0;
11025 }
11026 #endif /* TEST_SQLITE */
11027
11028 /*
11029  * Demonstrate locking issue found in gcompris using sqlite3.  This
11030  * work with ext3, but not with cifs server on Windows 2003.  This is
11031  * done in the sqlite3 library.
11032  * See also
11033  * &lt;URL:http://www.cygwin.com/ml/cygwin/2001-08/msg00854.html> and the
11034  * POSIX specification
11035  * &lt;URL:http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/fcntl.html>.
11036  */
11037 int test_gcompris_locking(void) {
11038   struct flock fl;
11039   char *name = "testsqlite.db";
11040   unlink(name);
11041   int fd = open(name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_LARGEFILE, 0644);
11042   printf("info: testing fcntl locking\n");
11043
11044   fl.l_whence = SEEK_SET;
11045   fl.l_pid    = getpid();
11046   printf("  Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824");
11047   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
11048   fl.l_len    = 1;
11049   fl.l_type   = F_RDLCK;
11050   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
11051
11052   printf("  Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826");
11053   fl.l_start  = 1073741826;
11054   fl.l_len    = 510;
11055   fl.l_type   = F_RDLCK;
11056   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
11057
11058   printf("  Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824");
11059   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
11060   fl.l_len    = 1;
11061   fl.l_type   = F_UNLCK;
11062   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
11063
11064   printf("  Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824");
11065   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
11066   fl.l_len    = 1;
11067   fl.l_type   = F_WRLCK;
11068   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
11069
11070   printf("  Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826");
11071   fl.l_start  = 1073741826;
11072   fl.l_len    = 510;
11073   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
11074
11075   printf("  Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824");
11076   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
11077   fl.l_len    = 2;
11078   fl.l_type   = F_UNLCK;
11079   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
11080
11081   close(fd);
11082   return 0;
11083 }
11084
11085 /*
11086  * Test if permissions of freshly created directories allow entries
11087  * below them.  This was a problem with OpenOffice.org and gcompris.
11088  * Mounting with option 'sync' seem to solve this problem while
11089  * slowing down file operations.
11090  */
11091 int test_subdirectory_creation(void) {
11092 #define LEVELS 5
11093   char *path = strdup("test");
11094   char *dirs[LEVELS];
11095   int level;
11096   printf("info: testing subdirectory creation\n");
11097   for (level = 0; level &lt; LEVELS; level++) {
11098     char *newpath = NULL;
11099     if (-1 == mkdir(path, 0777)) {
11100       printf("  error: Unable to create directory '%s': %s\n",
11101              path, strerror(errno));
11102       break;
11103     }
11104     asprintf(&newpath, "%s/%s", path, "test");
11105     free(path);
11106     path = newpath;
11107   }
11108   return 0;
11109 }
11110
11111 /*
11112  * Test if symlinks can be created.  This was a problem detected with
11113  * KDE.
11114  */
11115 int test_symlinks(void) {
11116   printf("info: testing symlink creation\n");
11117   unlink("symlink");
11118   if (-1 == symlink("file", "symlink"))
11119     printf("  error: Unable to create symlink\n");
11120   return 0;
11121 }
11122
11123 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
11124   printf("Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system\n");
11125   test_symlinks();
11126   test_subdirectory_creation();
11127 #ifdef TEST_SQLITE
11128   test_sqlite_open();
11129 #endif /* TEST_SQLITE */
11130   test_gcompris_locking();
11131   return 0;
11132 }
11133 </pre>
11134
11135 <p>When everything is working, it should print something like
11136 this:</p>
11137
11138 <pre>
11139 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
11140 info: testing symlink creation
11141 info: testing subdirectory creation
11142 info: sqlite worked
11143 info: testing fcntl locking
11144   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
11145   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
11146   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
11147   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
11148   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
11149   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
11150 </pre>
11151
11152 <p>I do not remember the exact details of the problems we saw, but one
11153 of them was with locking, where if I remember correctly, POSIX allow a
11154 read-only lock to be upgraded to a read-write lock without unlocking
11155 the read-only lock (while Windows do not).  Another was a bug in the
11156 CIFS/SMB client implementation in the Linux kernel where directory
11157 meta information would be wrong for a fraction of a second, making
11158 OpenOffice.org fail to create its deep directory tree because it was
11159 not allowed to create files in its freshly created directory.</p>
11160
11161 <p>Anyway, here is a nice tool for your tool box, might you never need
11162 it. :)</p>
11163
11164 <p>Update 2010-08-27: Michael Gebetsroither report that he found the
11165 script so useful that he created a GIT repository and stored it in
11166 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a>.</p>
11167
11168       </div>
11169       <div class="tags">
11170
11171
11172         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11173
11174
11175       </div>
11176     </div>
11177     <div class="padding"></div>
11178
11179     <div class="entry">
11180       <div class="title">
11181         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Autodetecting_Client_setup_for_roaming_workstations_in_Debian_Edu.html">Autodetecting Client setup for roaming workstations in Debian Edu</a>
11182       </div>
11183       <div class="date">
11184          7th August 2010
11185       </div>
11186       <div class="body">
11187         <p>A few days ago, I
11188 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_roaming_workstation___at_the_university_of_Oslo.html">tried
11189 to install</a> a Roaming workation profile from Debian Edu/Squeeze
11190 while on the university network here at the University of Oslo, and
11191 noticed how much had to change to get it operational using the
11192 university infrastructure.  It was fairly easy, but it occured to me
11193 that Debian Edu would improve a lot if I could get the client to
11194 connect without any changes at all, and thus let the client configure
11195 itself during installation and first boot to use the infrastructure
11196 around it.  Now I am a huge step further along that road.</p>
11197
11198 <p>With our current squeeze-test packages, I can select the roaming
11199 workstation profile and get a working laptop connecting to the
11200 university LDAP server for user and group and our active directory
11201 servers for Kerberos authentication.  All this without any
11202 configuration at all during installation.  My users home directory got
11203 a bookmark in the KDE menu to mount it via SMB, with the correct URL.
11204 In short, openldap and sssd is correctly configured.  In addition to
11205 this, the client look for http://wpad/wpad.dat to configure a web
11206 proxy, and when it fail to find it no proxy settings are stored in
11207 /etc/environment and /etc/apt/apt.conf.  Iceweasel and KDE is
11208 configured to look for the same wpad configuration and also do not use
11209 a proxy when at the university network.  If the machine is moved to a
11210 network with such wpad setup, it would automatically use it when DHCP
11211 gave it a IP address.</p>
11212
11213 <p>The LDAP server is located using DNS, by first looking for the DNS
11214 entry ldap.$domain.  If this do not exist, it look for the
11215 _ldap._tcp.$domain SRV records and use the first one as the LDAP
11216 server.  Next, it connects to the LDAP server and search all
11217 namingContexts entries for posixAccount or posixGroup objects, and
11218 pick the first one as the LDAP base.  For Kerberos, a similar
11219 algorithm is used to locate the LDAP server, and the realm is the
11220 uppercase version of $domain.</p>
11221
11222 <p>So, what is not working, you might ask.  SMB mounting my home
11223 directory do not work.  No idea why, but suspected the incorrect
11224 Kerberos settings in /etc/krb5.conf and /etc/samba/smb.conf might be
11225 the cause.  These are not properly configured during installation, and
11226 had to be hand-edited to get the correct Kerberos realm and server,
11227 but SMB mounting still do not work. :(</p>
11228
11229 <p>With this automatic configuration in place, I expect a Debian Edu
11230 roaming profile installation would be able to automatically detect and
11231 connect to any site using LDAP and Kerberos for NSS directory and PAM
11232 authentication.  It should also work out of the box in a Active
11233 Directory environment providing posixAccount and posixGroup objects
11234 with UID and GID values.</p>
11235
11236 <p>If you want to help out with implementing these things for Debian
11237 Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11238
11239       </div>
11240       <div class="tags">
11241
11242
11243         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11244
11245
11246       </div>
11247     </div>
11248     <div class="padding"></div>
11249
11250     <div class="entry">
11251       <div class="title">
11252         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_roaming_workstation___at_the_university_of_Oslo.html">Debian Edu roaming workstation - at the university of Oslo</a>
11253       </div>
11254       <div class="date">
11255          3rd August 2010
11256       </div>
11257       <div class="body">
11258         <p>The new roaming workstation profile in Debian Edu/Squeeze is fairly
11259 similar to the laptop setup am I working on using Ubuntu for the
11260 University of Oslo, and just for the heck of it, I tested today how
11261 hard it would be to integrate that profile into the university
11262 infrastructure.  In this case, it is the university LDAP server,
11263 Active Directory Kerberos server and SMB mounting from the Netapp file
11264 servers.</p>
11265
11266 <p>I was pleasantly surprised that the only three files needed to be
11267 changed (/etc/sssd/sssd.conf, /etc/ldap.conf and
11268 /etc/mklocaluser.d/20-debian-edu-config) and one file had to be added
11269 (/usr/share/perl5/Debian/Edu_Local.pm), to get the client working.
11270 Most of the changes were to get the client to use the university LDAP
11271 for NSS and Kerberos server for PAM, but one was to change a hard
11272 coded DNS domain name in the mklocaluser hook from .intern to
11273 .uio.no.</p>
11274
11275 <p>This testing was so encouraging, that I went ahead and adjusted the
11276 Debian Edu scripts and setup in subversion to centralise the roaming
11277 workstation setup a bit more and avoid the hardcoded DNS domain name,
11278 so that when I test this tomorrow, I expect to get away with modifying
11279 only /etc/sssd/sssd.conf and /etc/ldap.conf to get it to use the
11280 university servers.</p>
11281
11282 <p>My goal is to get the clients to have no hardcoded settings and
11283 fetch all their initial setup during installation and first boot, to
11284 allow them to be inserted also into environments where the default
11285 setup in Debian Edu has been changed or as with the university, where
11286 the environment is different but provides the protocols Debian Edu
11287 uses.</p>
11288
11289       </div>
11290       <div class="tags">
11291
11292
11293         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11294
11295
11296       </div>
11297     </div>
11298     <div class="padding"></div>
11299
11300     <div class="entry">
11301       <div class="title">
11302         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Debian_Edu_test_release__alpha0__based_on_Squeeze_is_released.html">First Debian Edu test release (alpha0) based on Squeeze is released</a>
11303       </div>
11304       <div class="date">
11305         27th July 2010
11306       </div>
11307       <div class="body">
11308         <p>I just posted this announcement culminating several months of work
11309 with the next Debian Edu release.  Not nearly done, but one major step
11310 completed.</p>
11311
11312 <blockquote>
11313 <p>This is the first test release based on Squeeze. The focus of this
11314 release is to test the user application selection. To have a look,
11315 install the standalone profile and let the developers know if the set
11316 of installed packages i.e. applications should be modified. If some
11317 user application is missing, or if there are some applications that no
11318 longer make sense to be included in Debian Edu, please let us know.
11319 Also, if a useful application is missing the translation for your
11320 language of choice, please let us know too.</p>
11321
11322 <p>In addition, feedback and help to polish the desktop (menus,
11323 artwork, starters, etc.) is appreciated. We would like to ship a nice
11324 and handy KDE4 desktop targeted for schools out of the box.</p>
11325
11326 <p>The other profiles should be installable, but there is a lot more
11327 work left to be done before they are ready, so do not expect to
11328 much.</p>
11329
11330 <p>Changes compared to the lenny based version</p>
11331
11332 <ul>
11333 <li>Everything from Debian Squeeze
11334 <ul>
11335   <li>Desktop environment KDE 4.4 => the new KDE desktop in
11336          combination with some new artwork
11337   <li>Web browser Iceweasel 3.5
11338   <li>OpenOffice.org 3.2
11339   <li>Educational toolbox GCompris 9.3
11340   <li>Music creator Rosegarden 10.04.2
11341   <li>Image editor Gimp 2.6.10
11342   <li>Virtual universe Celestia 1.6.0
11343   <li>Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.10.4
11344   <li>3D modeler Blender 2.49.2 (new application)
11345   <li>Video editor Kdenlive 0.7.7 (new application)
11346 </ul></li>
11347 <li>Now using Kerberos for password checking (migration not finished).
11348     Enabled for:
11349 <ul>
11350   <li>PAM
11351   <li>LDAP
11352   <li>IMAP
11353   <li>SMTP (sender verification)
11354 </ul>
11355 </li>
11356 <li>New experimental roaming workstation profile for laptops.</li>
11357 <li>Show welcome page to users when they first log in. The URL is
11358     fetched from LDAP.</li>
11359 <li>New LXDE desktop option, in addition to KDE (default) and Gnome.</li>
11360 <li>General cleanup (not finished)</li>
11361 </ul>
11362 <p>The following features are not working as they should</p>
11363
11364 <ul>
11365 <li>No web based administration tool for creating users and groups. The
11366     scripts ldap-createuser-krb and ldap-add-user-to-group can be used
11367     for testing.</li>
11368 <li>DVD installs are missing debian-installer images for the PXE boot,
11369     and do not set up the PXE menu on eth0 because of this. LTSP
11370     clients should still boot from eth1 on thin client servers.</li>
11371 <li>The restructured KDE menu is not implemented.</li>
11372 <li>The LDAP server setup need to be reviewed for security.</li>
11373 <li>The LDAP directory structure need to be reworked.</li>
11374 <li>Different sets of packages are installed when using the DVD and the
11375     netinst CD. More packages are installed using the netinst CD.</li>
11376 <li>The jackd package fail to install. This is believed to be caused by
11377     some ongoing transition, and hopefully should be solved soon. The
11378     jackd1 package can be installed manually for those that need it.</li>
11379 <li>Some packages lack translations. See
11380     http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Squeeze for updated status,
11381     and help out with translations.</li>
11382 </ul>
11383
11384 <p>To download this multiarch netinstall release you can use</p>
11385
11386 <ul>
11387 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</a></li>
11388 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</a></li>
11389 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
11390 </ul>
11391 <p>To download this multiarch dvd release you can use</p>
11392
11393 <ul>
11394 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</a></li>
11395 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</a></li>
11396 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
11397 </ul>
11398
11399 <p>There is no source DVD available yet. It will be prepared when we
11400 get closer to the final release.</p>
11401
11402 <p>The MD5SUM of these images are</p>
11403
11404 <ul>
11405 <li>3dbf45d59f42a53518b6e3c9ec3b5eb6 debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
11406 <li>22f2cbfce281d1c6e478be452638675d debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
11407 </ul>
11408
11409 <p>The SHA1SUM of these images are</p>
11410 <ul>
11411 <li>c53d1b69b40cf37cd27aefaf33f6f6a3821bedf0 debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
11412 <li>2ec29d7db676d59d32197b05c277ffe16348376c debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
11413 </ul>
11414 <p>How to report bugs:
11415 http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugsInBugzilla</p>
11416
11417 <p>Please direct replies to debian-edu@lists.debian.org</p>
11418 </blockquote>
11419
11420       </div>
11421       <div class="tags">
11422
11423
11424         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11425
11426
11427       </div>
11428     </div>
11429     <div class="padding"></div>
11430
11431     <div class="entry">
11432       <div class="title">
11433         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/One_step_closer_to_single_signon_in_Debian_Edu.html">One step closer to single signon in Debian Edu</a>
11434       </div>
11435       <div class="date">
11436         25th July 2010
11437       </div>
11438       <div class="body">
11439         <p>The last few months me and the other Debian Edu developers have
11440 been working hard to get the Debian/Squeeze based version of Debian
11441 Edu/Skolelinux into shape.  This future version will use Kerberos for
11442 authentication, and services are slowly migrated to single signon,
11443 getting rid of password questions one at the time.</p>
11444
11445 <p>It will also feature a roaming workstation profile with local home
11446 directory, for laptops that are only some times on the Skolelinux
11447 network, and for this profile a shortcut is created in Gnome and KDE
11448 to gain access to the users home directory on the file server.  This
11449 shortcut uses SMB at the moment, and yesterday I had time to test if
11450 SMB mounting had started working in KDE after we added the cifs-utils
11451 package.  I was pleasantly surprised how well it worked.</p>
11452
11453 <p>Thanks to the recent changes to our samba configuration to get it
11454 to use Kerberos for authentication, there were no question about user
11455 password when mounting the SMB volume.  A simple click on the shortcut
11456 in the KDE menu, and a window with the home directory popped
11457 up. :)</p>
11458
11459 <p>One step closer to a single signon solution out of the box in
11460 Debian Edu.  We already had PAM, LDAP, IMAP and SMTP in place, and now
11461 also Samba.  Next step is Cups and hopefully also NFS.</p>
11462
11463 <p>We had planned a alpha0 release of Debian Edu for today, but thanks
11464 to the autobuilder administrators for some architectures being slow to
11465 sign packages, we are still missing the fixed LTSP package we need for
11466 the release.  It was uploaded three days ago with urgency=high, and if
11467 it had entered testing yesterday we would have been able to test it in
11468 time for a alpha0 release today.  As the binaries for ia64 and powerpc
11469 still not uploaded to the Debian archive, we need to delay the alpha
11470 release another day.</p>
11471
11472 <p>If you want to help out with implementing Kerberos for Debian Edu,
11473 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11474
11475       </div>
11476       <div class="tags">
11477
11478
11479         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet</a>.
11480
11481
11482       </div>
11483     </div>
11484     <div class="padding"></div>
11485
11486     <div class="entry">
11487       <div class="title">
11488         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/What_are_they_searching_for___PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_in_LDAP.html">What are they searching for - PowerDNS and ISC DHCP in LDAP</a>
11489       </div>
11490       <div class="date">
11491         17th July 2010
11492       </div>
11493       <div class="body">
11494         <p>This is a
11495 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">followup</a>
11496 on my
11497 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_a_change_to_LDAP_schemas_allowing_DNS_and_DHCP_info_to_be_combined_into_one_object.html">previous
11498 work</a> on
11499 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Combining_PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_LDAP_objects.html">merging
11500 all</a> the computer related LDAP objects in Debian Edu.</p>
11501
11502 <p>As a step to try to see if it possible to merge the DNS and DHCP
11503 LDAP objects, I have had a look at how the packages pdns-backend-ldap
11504 and dhcp3-server-ldap in Debian use the LDAP server.  The two
11505 implementations are quite different in how they use LDAP.</p>
11506
11507 To get this information, I started slapd with debugging enabled and
11508 dumped the debug output to a file to get the LDAP searches performed
11509 on a Debian Edu main-server.  Here is a summary.
11510
11511 <p><strong>powerdns</strong></p>
11512
11513 <a href="http://www.linuxnetworks.de/doc/index.php/PowerDNS_LDAP_Backend">Clues
11514 on how to</a> set up PowerDNS to use a LDAP backend is available on
11515 the web.
11516
11517 <p>PowerDNS have two modes of operation using LDAP as its backend.
11518 One "strict" mode where the forward and reverse DNS lookups are done
11519 using the same LDAP objects, and a "tree" mode where the forward and
11520 reverse entries are in two different subtrees in LDAP with a structure
11521 based on the DNS names, as in tjener.intern and
11522 2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa.</p>
11523
11524 <p>In tree mode, the server is set up to use a LDAP subtree as its
11525 base, and uses a "base" scoped search for the DNS name by adding
11526 "dc=tjener,dc=intern," to the base with a filter for
11527 "(associateddomain=tjener.intern)" for the forward entry and
11528 "dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa," with a filter for
11529 "(associateddomain=2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa)" for the reverse entry.  For
11530 forward entries, it is looking for attributes named dnsttl, arecord,
11531 nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord, ptrrecord, hinforecord, mxrecord,
11532 txtrecord, rprecord, afsdbrecord, keyrecord, aaaarecord, locrecord,
11533 srvrecord, naptrrecord, kxrecord, certrecord, dsrecord, sshfprecord,
11534 ipseckeyrecord, rrsigrecord, nsecrecord, dnskeyrecord, dhcidrecord,
11535 spfrecord and modifytimestamp.  For reverse entries it is looking for
11536 the attributes dnsttl, arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord,
11537 ptrrecord, hinforecord, mxrecord, txtrecord, rprecord, aaaarecord,
11538 locrecord, srvrecord, naptrrecord and modifytimestamp.  The equivalent
11539 ldapsearch commands could look like this:</p>
11540
11541 <blockquote><pre>
11542 ldapsearch -h ldap \
11543   -b dc=tjener,dc=intern,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no \
11544   -s base -x '(associateddomain=tjener.intern)' dNSTTL aRecord nSRecord \
11545   cNAMERecord sOARecord pTRRecord hInfoRecord mXRecord tXTRecord \
11546   rPRecord aFSDBRecord KeyRecord aAAARecord lOCRecord sRVRecord \
11547   nAPTRRecord kXRecord certRecord dSRecord sSHFPRecord iPSecKeyRecord \
11548   rRSIGRecord nSECRecord dNSKeyRecord dHCIDRecord sPFRecord modifyTimestamp
11549
11550 ldapsearch -h ldap \
11551   -b dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no \
11552   -s base -x '(associateddomain=2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa)'
11553   dnsttl, arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord soarecord ptrrecord \
11554   hinforecord mxrecord txtrecord rprecord aaaarecord locrecord \
11555   srvrecord naptrrecord modifytimestamp
11556 </pre></blockquote>
11557
11558 <p>In Debian Edu/Lenny, the PowerDNS tree mode is used with
11559 ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no as the base, and these are two
11560 example LDAP objects used there.  In addition to these objects, the
11561 parent objects all th way up to ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11562 also exist.</p>
11563
11564 <blockquote><pre>
11565 dn: dc=tjener,dc=intern,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11566 objectclass: top
11567 objectclass: dnsdomain
11568 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
11569 dc: tjener
11570 arecord: 10.0.2.2
11571 associateddomain: tjener.intern
11572
11573 dn: dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11574 objectclass: top
11575 objectclass: dnsdomain2
11576 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
11577 dc: 2
11578 ptrrecord: tjener.intern
11579 associateddomain: 2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa
11580 </pre></blockquote>
11581
11582 <p>In strict mode, the server behaves differently.  When looking for
11583 forward DNS entries, it is doing a "subtree" scoped search with the
11584 same base as in the tree mode for a object with filter
11585 "(associateddomain=tjener.intern)" and requests the attributes dnsttl,
11586 arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord, ptrrecord, hinforecord,
11587 mxrecord, txtrecord, rprecord, aaaarecord, locrecord, srvrecord,
11588 naptrrecord and modifytimestamp.  For reverse entires it also do a
11589 subtree scoped search but this time the filter is "(arecord=10.0.2.2)"
11590 and the requested attributes are associateddomain, dnsttl and
11591 modifytimestamp.  In short, in strict mode the objects with ptrrecord
11592 go away, and the arecord attribute in the forward object is used
11593 instead.</p>
11594
11595 <p>The forward and reverse searches can be simulated using ldapsearch
11596 like this:</p>
11597
11598 <blockquote><pre>
11599 ldapsearch -h ldap -b ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no -s sub -x \
11600   '(associateddomain=tjener.intern)' dNSTTL aRecord nSRecord \
11601   cNAMERecord sOARecord pTRRecord hInfoRecord mXRecord tXTRecord \
11602   rPRecord aFSDBRecord KeyRecord aAAARecord lOCRecord sRVRecord \
11603   nAPTRRecord kXRecord certRecord dSRecord sSHFPRecord iPSecKeyRecord \
11604   rRSIGRecord nSECRecord dNSKeyRecord dHCIDRecord sPFRecord modifyTimestamp
11605
11606 ldapsearch -h ldap -b ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no -s sub -x \
11607   '(arecord=10.0.2.2)' associateddomain dnsttl modifytimestamp
11608 </pre></blockquote>
11609
11610 <p>In addition to the forward and reverse searches , there is also a
11611 search for SOA records, which behave similar to the forward and
11612 reverse lookups.</p>
11613
11614 <p>A thing to note with the PowerDNS behaviour is that it do not
11615 specify any objectclass names, and instead look for the attributes it
11616 need to generate a DNS reply.  This make it able to work with any
11617 objectclass that provide the needed attributes.</p>
11618
11619 <p>The attributes are normally provided in the cosine (RFC 1274) and
11620 dnsdomain2 schemas.  The latter is used for reverse entries like
11621 ptrrecord and recent DNS additions like aaaarecord and srvrecord.</p>
11622
11623 <p>In Debian Edu, we have created DNS objects using the object classes
11624 dcobject (for dc), dnsdomain or dnsdomain2 (structural, for the DNS
11625 attributes) and domainrelatedobject (for associatedDomain).  The use
11626 of structural object classes make it impossible to combine these
11627 classes with the object classes used by DHCP.</p>
11628
11629 <p>There are other schemas that could be used too, for example the
11630 dnszone structural object class used by Gosa and bind-sdb for the DNS
11631 attributes combined with the domainrelatedobject object class, but in
11632 this case some unused attributes would have to be included as well
11633 (zonename and relativedomainname).</p>
11634
11635 <p>My proposal for Debian Edu would be to switch PowerDNS to strict
11636 mode and not use any of the existing objectclasses (dnsdomain,
11637 dnsdomain2 and dnszone) when one want to combine the DNS information
11638 with DHCP information, and instead create a auxiliary object class
11639 defined something like this (using the attributes defined for
11640 dnsdomain and dnsdomain2 or dnszone):</p>
11641
11642 <blockquote><pre>
11643 objectclass ( some-oid NAME 'dnsDomainAux'
11644     SUP top
11645     AUXILIARY
11646     MAY ( ARecord $ MDRecord $ MXRecord $ NSRecord $ SOARecord $ CNAMERecord $
11647           DNSTTL $ DNSClass $ PTRRecord $ HINFORecord $ MINFORecord $
11648           TXTRecord $ SIGRecord $ KEYRecord $ AAAARecord $ LOCRecord $
11649           NXTRecord $ SRVRecord $ NAPTRRecord $ KXRecord $ CERTRecord $
11650           A6Record $ DNAMERecord
11651     ))
11652 </pre></blockquote>
11653
11654 <p>This will allow any object to become a DNS entry when combined with
11655 the domainrelatedobject object class, and allow any entity to include
11656 all the attributes PowerDNS wants.  I've sent an email to the PowerDNS
11657 developers asking for their view on this schema and if they are
11658 interested in providing such schema with PowerDNS, and I hope my
11659 message will be accepted into their mailing list soon.</p>
11660
11661 <p><strong>ISC dhcp</strong></p>
11662
11663 <p>The DHCP server searches for specific objectclass and requests all
11664 the object attributes, and then uses the attributes it want.  This
11665 make it harder to figure out exactly what attributes are used, but
11666 thanks to the working example in Debian Edu I can at least get an idea
11667 what is needed without having to read the source code.</p>
11668
11669 <p>In the DHCP server configuration, the LDAP base to use and the
11670 search filter to use to locate the correct dhcpServer entity is
11671 stored.  These are the relevant entries from
11672 /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf:</p>
11673
11674 <blockquote><pre>
11675 ldap-base-dn "dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no";
11676 ldap-dhcp-server-cn "dhcp";
11677 </pre></blockquote>
11678
11679 <p>The DHCP server uses this information to nest all the DHCP
11680 configuration it need.  The cn "dhcp" is located using the given LDAP
11681 base and the filter "(&(objectClass=dhcpServer)(cn=dhcp))".  The
11682 search result is this entry:</p>
11683
11684 <blockquote><pre>
11685 dn: cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11686 cn: dhcp
11687 objectClass: top
11688 objectClass: dhcpServer
11689 dhcpServiceDN: cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11690 </pre></blockquote>
11691
11692 <p>The content of the dhcpServiceDN attribute is next used to locate the
11693 subtree with DHCP configuration.  The DHCP configuration subtree base
11694 is located using a base scope search with base "cn=DHCP
11695 Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no" and filter
11696 "(&(objectClass=dhcpService)(|(dhcpPrimaryDN=cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no)(dhcpSecondaryDN=cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no)))".
11697 The search result is this entry:</p>
11698
11699 <blockquote><pre>
11700 dn: cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11701 cn: DHCP Config
11702 objectClass: top
11703 objectClass: dhcpService
11704 objectClass: dhcpOptions
11705 dhcpPrimaryDN: cn=dhcp, dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11706 dhcpStatements: ddns-update-style none
11707 dhcpStatements: authoritative
11708 dhcpOption: smtp-server code 69 = array of ip-address
11709 dhcpOption: www-server code 72 = array of ip-address
11710 dhcpOption: wpad-url code 252 = text
11711 </pre></blockquote>
11712
11713 <p>Next, the entire subtree is processed, one level at the time.  When
11714 all the DHCP configuration is loaded, it is ready to receive requests.
11715 The subtree in Debian Edu contain objects with object classes
11716 top/dhcpService/dhcpOptions, top/dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions,
11717 top/dhcpSubnet, top/dhcpGroup and top/dhcpHost.  These provide options
11718 and information about netmasks, dynamic range etc.  Leaving out the
11719 details here because it is not relevant for the focus of my
11720 investigation, which is to see if it is possible to merge dns and dhcp
11721 related computer objects.</p>
11722
11723 <p>When a DHCP request come in, LDAP is searched for the MAC address
11724 of the client (00:00:00:00:00:00 in this example), using a subtree
11725 scoped search with "cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no" as
11726 the base and "(&(objectClass=dhcpHost)(dhcpHWAddress=ethernet
11727 00:00:00:00:00:00))" as the filter.  This is what a host object look
11728 like:</p>
11729
11730 <blockquote><pre>
11731 dn: cn=hostname,cn=group1,cn=THINCLIENTS,cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11732 cn: hostname
11733 objectClass: top
11734 objectClass: dhcpHost
11735 dhcpHWAddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
11736 dhcpStatements: fixed-address hostname
11737 </pre></blockquote>
11738
11739 <p>There is less flexiblity in the way LDAP searches are done here.
11740 The object classes need to have fixed names, and the configuration
11741 need to be stored in a fairly specific LDAP structure.  On the
11742 positive side, the invidiual dhcpHost entires can be anywhere without
11743 the DN pointed to by the dhcpServer entries.  The latter should make
11744 it possible to group all host entries in a subtree next to the
11745 configuration entries, and this subtree can also be shared with the
11746 DNS server if the schema proposed above is combined with the dhcpHost
11747 structural object class.
11748
11749 <p><strong>Conclusion</strong></p>
11750
11751 <p>The PowerDNS implementation seem to be very flexible when it come
11752 to which LDAP schemas to use.  While its "tree" mode is rigid when it
11753 come to the the LDAP structure, the "strict" mode is very flexible,
11754 allowing DNS objects to be stored anywhere under the base cn specified
11755 in the configuration.</p>
11756
11757 <p>The DHCP implementation on the other hand is very inflexible, both
11758 regarding which LDAP schemas to use and which LDAP structure to use.
11759 I guess one could implement ones own schema, as long as the
11760 objectclasses and attributes have the names used, but this do not
11761 really help when the DHCP subtree need to have a fairly fixed
11762 structure.</p>
11763
11764 <p>Based on the observed behaviour, I suspect a LDAP structure like
11765 this might work for Debian Edu:</p>
11766
11767 <blockquote><pre>
11768 ou=services
11769   cn=machine-info (dhcpService) - dhcpServiceDN points here
11770     cn=dhcp (dhcpServer)
11771     cn=dhcp-internal (dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions)
11772       cn=10.0.2.0 (dhcpSubnet)
11773         cn=group1 (dhcpGroup/dhcpOptions)
11774     cn=dhcp-thinclients (dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions)
11775       cn=192.168.0.0 (dhcpSubnet)
11776         cn=group1 (dhcpGroup/dhcpOptions)
11777     ou=machines - PowerDNS base points here
11778       cn=hostname (dhcpHost/domainrelatedobject/dnsDomainAux)
11779 </pre></blockquote>
11780
11781 <P>This is not tested yet.  If the DHCP server require the dhcpHost
11782 entries to be in the dhcpGroup subtrees, the entries can be stored
11783 there instead of a common machines subtree, and the PowerDNS base
11784 would have to be moved one level up to the machine-info subtree.</p>
11785
11786 <p>The combined object under the machines subtree would look something
11787 like this:</p>
11788
11789 <blockquote><pre>
11790 dn: dc=hostname,ou=machines,cn=machine-info,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11791 dc: hostname
11792 objectClass: top
11793 objectClass: dhcpHost
11794 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
11795 objectclass: dnsDomainAux
11796 associateddomain: hostname.intern
11797 arecord: 10.11.12.13
11798 dhcpHWAddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
11799 dhcpStatements: fixed-address hostname.intern
11800 </pre></blockquote>
11801
11802 </p>One could even add the LTSP configuration associated with a given
11803 machine, as long as the required attributes are available in a
11804 auxiliary object class.</p>
11805
11806       </div>
11807       <div class="tags">
11808
11809
11810         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11811
11812
11813       </div>
11814     </div>
11815     <div class="padding"></div>
11816
11817     <div class="entry">
11818       <div class="title">
11819         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Combining_PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_LDAP_objects.html">Combining PowerDNS and ISC DHCP LDAP objects</a>
11820       </div>
11821       <div class="date">
11822         14th July 2010
11823       </div>
11824       <div class="body">
11825         <p>For a while now, I have wanted to find a way to change the DNS and
11826 DHCP services in Debian Edu to use the same LDAP objects for a given
11827 computer, to avoid the possibility of having a inconsistent state for
11828 a computer in LDAP (as in DHCP but no DNS entry or the other way
11829 around) and make it easier to add computers to LDAP.</p>
11830
11831 <p>I've looked at how powerdns and dhcpd is using LDAP, and using this
11832 information finally found a solution that seem to work.</p>
11833
11834 <p>The old setup required three LDAP objects for a given computer.
11835 One forward DNS entry, one reverse DNS entry and one DHCP entry.  If
11836 we switch powerdns to use its strict LDAP method (ldap-method=strict
11837 in pdns-debian-edu.conf), the forward and reverse DNS entries are
11838 merged into one while making it impossible to transfer the reverse map
11839 to a slave DNS server.</p>
11840
11841 <p>If we also replace the object class used to get the DNS related
11842 attributes to one allowing these attributes to be combined with the
11843 dhcphost object class, we can merge the DNS and DHCP entries into one.
11844 I've written such object class in the dnsdomainaux.schema file (need
11845 proper OIDs, but that is a minor issue), and tested the setup.  It
11846 seem to work.</p>
11847
11848 <p>With this test setup in place, we can get away with one LDAP object
11849 for both DNS and DHCP, and even the LTSP configuration I suggested in
11850 an earlier email.  The combined LDAP object will look something like
11851 this:</p>
11852
11853 <blockquote><pre>
11854   dn: cn=hostname,cn=group1,cn=THINCLIENTS,cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11855   cn: hostname
11856   objectClass: dhcphost
11857   objectclass: domainrelatedobject
11858   objectclass: dnsdomainaux
11859   associateddomain: hostname.intern
11860   arecord: 10.11.12.13
11861   dhcphwaddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
11862   dhcpstatements: fixed-address hostname
11863   ldapconfigsound: Y
11864 </pre></blockquote>
11865
11866 <p>The DNS server uses the associateddomain and arecord entries, while
11867 the DHCP server uses the dhcphwaddress and dhcpstatements entries
11868 before asking DNS to resolve the fixed-adddress.  LTSP will use
11869 dhcphwaddress or associateddomain and the ldapconfig* attributes.</p>
11870
11871 <p>I am not yet sure if I can get the DHCP server to look for its
11872 dhcphost in a different location, to allow us to put the objects
11873 outside the "DHCP Config" subtree, but hope to figure out a way to do
11874 that.  If I can't figure out a way to do that, we can still get rid of
11875 the hosts subtree and move all its content into the DHCP Config tree
11876 (which probably should be renamed to be more related to the new
11877 content.  I suspect cn=dnsdhcp,ou=services or something like that
11878 might be a good place to put it.</p>
11879
11880 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
11881 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11882
11883       </div>
11884       <div class="tags">
11885
11886
11887         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11888
11889
11890       </div>
11891     </div>
11892     <div class="padding"></div>
11893
11894     <div class="entry">
11895       <div class="title">
11896         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_storing_LTSP_configuration_in_LDAP.html">Idea for storing LTSP configuration in LDAP</a>
11897       </div>
11898       <div class="date">
11899         11th July 2010
11900       </div>
11901       <div class="body">
11902         <p>Vagrant mentioned on IRC today that ltsp_config now support
11903 sourcing files from /usr/share/ltsp/ltsp_config.d/ on the thin
11904 clients, and that this can be used to fetch configuration from LDAP if
11905 Debian Edu choose to store configuration there.</p>
11906
11907 <p>Armed with this information, I got inspired and wrote a test module
11908 to get configuration from LDAP.  The idea is to look up the MAC
11909 address of the client in LDAP, and look for attributes on the form
11910 ltspconfigsetting=value, and use this to export SETTING=value to the
11911 LTSP clients.</p>
11912
11913 <p>The goal is to be able to store the LTSP configuration attributes
11914 in a "computer" LDAP object used by both DNS and DHCP, and thus
11915 allowing us to store all information about a computer in one place.</p>
11916
11917 <p>This is a untested draft implementation, and I welcome feedback on
11918 this approach.  A real LDAP schema for the ltspClientAux objectclass
11919 need to be written.  Comments, suggestions, etc?</p>
11920
11921 <blockquote><pre>
11922 # Store in /opt/ltsp/$arch/usr/share/ltsp/ltsp_config.d/ldap-config
11923 #
11924 # Fetch LTSP client settings from LDAP based on MAC address
11925 #
11926 # Uses ethernet address as stored in the dhcpHost objectclass using
11927 # the dhcpHWAddress attribute or ethernet address stored in the
11928 # ieee802Device objectclass with the macAddress attribute.
11929 #
11930 # This module is written to be schema agnostic, and only depend on the
11931 # existence of attribute names.
11932 #
11933 # The LTSP configuration variables are saved directly using a
11934 # ltspConfig prefix and uppercasing the rest of the attribute name.
11935 # To set the SERVER variable, set the ltspConfigServer attribute.
11936 #
11937 # Some LDAP schema should be created with all the relevant
11938 # configuration settings.  Something like this should work:
11939 #
11940 # objectclass ( 1.1.2.2 NAME 'ltspClientAux'
11941 #     SUP top
11942 #     AUXILIARY
11943 #     MAY ( ltspConfigServer $ ltsConfigSound $ ... )
11944
11945 LDAPSERVER=$(debian-edu-ldapserver)
11946 if [ "$LDAPSERVER" ] ; then
11947     LDAPBASE=$(debian-edu-ldapserver -b)
11948     for MAC in $(LANG=C ifconfig |grep -i hwaddr| awk '{print $5}'|sort -u) ; do
11949         filter="(|(dhcpHWAddress=ethernet $MAC)(macAddress=$MAC))"
11950         ldapsearch -h "$LDAPSERVER" -b "$LDAPBASE" -v -x "$filter" | \
11951             grep '^ltspConfig' | while read attr value ; do
11952             # Remove prefix and convert to upper case
11953             attr=$(echo $attr | sed 's/^ltspConfig//i' | tr a-z A-Z)
11954             # bass value on to clients
11955             eval "$attr=$value; export $attr"
11956         done
11957     done
11958 fi
11959 </pre></blockquote>
11960
11961 <p>I'm not sure this shell construction will work, because I suspect
11962 the while block might end up in a subshell causing the variables set
11963 there to not show up in ltsp-config, but if that is the case I am sure
11964 the code can be restructured to make sure the variables are passed on.
11965 I expect that can be solved with some testing. :)</p>
11966
11967 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
11968 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11969
11970 <p>Update 2010-07-17: I am aware of another effort to store LTSP
11971 configuration in LDAP that was created around year 2000 by
11972 <a href="http://www.pcxperience.com/thinclient/documentation/ldap.html">PC
11973 Xperience, Inc., 2000</a>.  I found its
11974 <a href="http://people.redhat.com/alikins/ltsp/ldap/">files</a> on a
11975 personal home page over at redhat.com.</p>
11976
11977       </div>
11978       <div class="tags">
11979
11980
11981         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11982
11983
11984       </div>
11985     </div>
11986     <div class="padding"></div>
11987
11988     <div class="entry">
11989       <div class="title">
11990         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/jXplorer__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">jXplorer, a very nice LDAP GUI</a>
11991       </div>
11992       <div class="date">
11993          9th July 2010
11994       </div>
11995       <div class="body">
11996         <p>Since
11997 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/LUMA__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">my
11998 last post</a> about available LDAP tools in Debian, I was told about a
11999 LDAP GUI that is even better than luma.  The java application
12000 <a href="http://jxplorer.org/">jXplorer</a> is claimed to be capable of
12001 moving LDAP objects and subtrees using drag-and-drop, and can
12002 authenticate using Kerberos.  I have only tested the Kerberos
12003 authentication, but do not have a LDAP setup allowing me to rewrite
12004 LDAP with my test user yet.  It is
12005 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/j/jxplorer.html">available in
12006 Debian</a> testing and unstable at the moment.  The only problem I
12007 have with it is how it handle errors.  If something go wrong, its
12008 non-intuitive behaviour require me to go through some query work list
12009 and remove the failing query.  Nothing big, but very annoying.</p>
12010
12011       </div>
12012       <div class="tags">
12013
12014
12015         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12016
12017
12018       </div>
12019     </div>
12020     <div class="padding"></div>
12021
12022     <div class="entry">
12023       <div class="title">
12024         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__apt_vs_aptitude_with_the_Gnome_desktop.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, apt vs aptitude with the Gnome desktop</a>
12025       </div>
12026       <div class="date">
12027          3rd July 2010
12028       </div>
12029       <div class="body">
12030         <p>Here is a short update on my <a
12031 href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">my
12032 Debian Lenny->Squeeze upgrade testing</a>.  Here is a summary of the
12033 difference for Gnome when it is upgraded by apt-get and aptitude.  I'm
12034 not reporting the status for KDE, because the upgrade crashes when
12035 aptitude try because of missing conflicts
12036 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584861">#584861</a> and
12037 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/585716">#585716</a>).</p>
12038
12039 <p>At the end of the upgrade test script, dpkg -l is executed to get a
12040 complete list of the installed packages.  Based on this I see these
12041 differences when I did a test run today.  As usual, I do not really
12042 know what the correct set of packages would be, but thought it best to
12043 publish the difference.</p>
12044
12045 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
12046
12047 <blockquote><p>
12048   at-spi cpp-4.3 finger gnome-spell gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
12049   libatspi1.0-0 libcupsys2 libeel2-data libgail-common libgdl-1-common
12050   libgnomeprint2.2-data libgnomeprintui2.2-common libgnomevfs2-bin
12051   libgtksourceview-common libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa
12052   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libservlet2.4-java libxalan2-java
12053   libxerces2-java openoffice.org-writer2latex openssl-blacklist p7zip
12054   python-4suite-xml python-eggtrayicon python-gtkhtml2
12055   python-gtkmozembed svgalibg1 xserver-xephyr zip
12056 </p></blockquote>
12057
12058 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
12059
12060 <blockquote><p>
12061   bluez-utils dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop epiphany-gecko
12062   gnome-app-install gnome-mount gnome-vfs-obexftp gnome-volume-manager
12063   libao2 libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5 libbind9-50
12064   libbluetooth2 libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7 libcucul0 libcurl3
12065   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdvdread3 libedata-cal1.2-6 libedataserver1.2-9
12066   libeel2-2.20 libepc-1.0-1 libepc-ui-1.0-1 libexchange-storage1.2-3
12067   libfaad0 libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libggz2 libggzcore9
12068   libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0 libgnome-desktop-2
12069   libgnome-pilot2 libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomeprint2.2-0
12070   libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtkhtml2-0
12071   libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgucharmap6 libhesiod0 libicu38 libisccc50
12072   libisccfg50 libiw29 libkpathsea4 libltdl3 liblwres50 libmagick++10
12073   libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmtp7 libmysqlclient15off libnautilus-burn4
12074   libneon27 libnm-glib0 libnm-util0 libopal-2.2 libosp5
12075   libparted1.8-10 libpisock9 libpisync1 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3
12076   libpt-1.10.10 libraw1394-8 libsensors3 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8
12077   libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1
12078   libtotem-plparser10 libtrackerclient0 libvoikko1 libxalan2-java-gcj
12079   libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12 libxtrap6 libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3
12080   mysql-common swfdec-gnome totem-gstreamer wodim
12081 </p></blockquote>
12082
12083 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
12084
12085 <blockquote><p>
12086   gnome gnome-desktop-environment hamster-applet python-gnomeapplet
12087   python-gnomekeyring python-wnck rhythmbox-plugins xorg
12088   xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
12089   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
12090   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-video-all
12091   xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark xserver-xorg-video-ati
12092   xserver-xorg-video-chips xserver-xorg-video-cirrus
12093   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
12094   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
12095   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-mach64
12096   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
12097   xserver-xorg-video-nouveau xserver-xorg-video-nv
12098   xserver-xorg-video-r128 xserver-xorg-video-radeon
12099   xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd xserver-xorg-video-rendition
12100   xserver-xorg-video-s3 xserver-xorg-video-s3virge
12101   xserver-xorg-video-savage xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion
12102   xserver-xorg-video-sis xserver-xorg-video-sisusb
12103   xserver-xorg-video-tdfx xserver-xorg-video-tga
12104   xserver-xorg-video-trident xserver-xorg-video-tseng
12105   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vmware
12106   xserver-xorg-video-voodoo
12107 </p></blockquote>
12108
12109 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
12110
12111 <blockquote><p>
12112   deskbar-applet xserver-xorg xserver-xorg-core
12113   xserver-xorg-input-wacom xserver-xorg-video-intel
12114   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome
12115 </p></blockquote>
12116
12117 <p>I was told on IRC that the xorg-xserver package was
12118 <a href="http://git.debian.org/?p=pkg-xorg/xserver/xorg-server.git;a=commit;h=9c8080d06c457932d3bfec021c69ac000aa60120">changed
12119 in git</a> today to try to get apt-get to not remove xorg completely.
12120 No idea when it hits Squeeze, but when it does I hope it will reduce
12121 the difference somewhat.
12122
12123       </div>
12124       <div class="tags">
12125
12126
12127         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
12128
12129
12130       </div>
12131     </div>
12132     <div class="padding"></div>
12133
12134     <div class="entry">
12135       <div class="title">
12136         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Caching_password__user_and_group_on_a_roaming_Debian_laptop.html">Caching password, user and group on a roaming Debian laptop</a>
12137       </div>
12138       <div class="date">
12139          1st July 2010
12140       </div>
12141       <div class="body">
12142         <p>For a laptop, centralized user directories and password checking is
12143 a bit troubling.  Laptops are typically used also when not connected
12144 to the network, and it is vital for a user to be able to log in or
12145 unlock the screen saver also when a central server is unavailable.
12146 This is possible by caching passwords and directory information (user
12147 and group attributes) locally, and the packages to do so are available
12148 in Debian.  Here follow two recipes to set this up in Debian/Squeeze.
12149 It is also possible to set up in Debian/Lenny, but require more manual
12150 setup there because pam-auth-update is missing in Lenny.</p>
12151
12152 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + nscd + libpam-ccreds + libpam-mklocaluser/pam_mkhomedir</h2>
12153
12154 This is the traditional method with a twist.  The password caching is
12155 provided by libpam-ccreds (version 10-4 or later is needed on
12156 Squeeze), and the directory caching is done by nscd.  The directory
12157 lookup and password checking is done using LDAP.  If one want to use
12158 Kerberos for password checking the libpam-ldapd package can be
12159 replaced with libpam-krb5 or libpam-heimdal.  If one is happy having a
12160 local home directory with the path listed in LDAP, one can use the
12161 pam_mkhomedir module from pam-modules to make this happen instead of
12162 using libpam-mklocaluser.  A setup for pam-auth-update to enable
12163 pam_mkhomedir will have to be written until a fix for
12164 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/568577">bug #568577</a> is in the
12165 archive.  Because I believe it is a bad idea to have local home
12166 directories using misleading paths like /site/server/partition/, I
12167 prefer to create a local user with the home directory in /home/.  This
12168 is done using the libpam-mklocaluser package.</p>
12169
12170 <p>These packages need to be installed and configured</p>
12171
12172 <blockquote><pre>
12173 libnss-ldapd libpam-ldapd nscd libpam-ccreds libpam-mklocaluser
12174 </pre></blockquote>
12175
12176 <p>The ldapd packages will ask for LDAP connection information, and
12177 one have to fill in the values that fits ones own site.  Make sure the
12178 PAM part uses encrypted connections, to make sure the password is not
12179 sent in clear text to the LDAP server.  I've been unable to get TLS
12180 certificate checking for a self signed certificate working, which make
12181 LDAP authentication unsafe for Debian Edu (nslcd is not checking if it
12182 is talking to the correct LDAP server), and very much welcome feedback
12183 on how to get this working.</p>
12184
12185 <p>Because nscd do not have a default configuration fit for offline
12186 caching until <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/485282">bug #485282</a>
12187 is fixed, this configuration should be used instead of the one
12188 currently in /etc/nscd.conf.  The changes are in the fields
12189 reload-count and positive-time-to-live, and is based on the
12190 instructions I found in the
12191 <a href="http://www.flyn.org/laptopldap/">LDAP for Mobile Laptops</a>
12192 instructions by Flyn Computing.</p>
12193
12194 <blockquote><pre>
12195         debug-level             0
12196         reload-count            unlimited
12197         paranoia                no
12198
12199         enable-cache            passwd          yes
12200         positive-time-to-live   passwd          2592000
12201         negative-time-to-live   passwd          20
12202         suggested-size          passwd          211
12203         check-files             passwd          yes
12204         persistent              passwd          yes
12205         shared                  passwd          yes
12206         max-db-size             passwd          33554432
12207         auto-propagate          passwd          yes
12208
12209         enable-cache            group           yes
12210         positive-time-to-live   group           2592000
12211         negative-time-to-live   group           20
12212         suggested-size          group           211
12213         check-files             group           yes
12214         persistent              group           yes
12215         shared                  group           yes
12216         max-db-size             group           33554432
12217         auto-propagate          group           yes
12218
12219         enable-cache            hosts           no
12220         positive-time-to-live   hosts           2592000
12221         negative-time-to-live   hosts           20
12222         suggested-size          hosts           211
12223         check-files             hosts           yes
12224         persistent              hosts           yes
12225         shared                  hosts           yes
12226         max-db-size             hosts           33554432
12227
12228         enable-cache            services        yes
12229         positive-time-to-live   services        2592000
12230         negative-time-to-live   services        20
12231         suggested-size          services        211
12232         check-files             services        yes
12233         persistent              services        yes
12234         shared                  services        yes
12235         max-db-size             services        33554432
12236 </pre></blockquote>
12237
12238 <p>While we wait for a mechanism to update /etc/nsswitch.conf
12239 automatically like the one provided in
12240 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/496915">bug #496915</a>, the file
12241 content need to be manually replaced to ensure LDAP is used as the
12242 directory service on the machine.  /etc/nsswitch.conf should normally
12243 look like this:</p>
12244
12245 <blockquote><pre>
12246 passwd:         files ldap
12247 group:          files ldap
12248 shadow:         files ldap
12249 hosts:          files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns mdns4
12250 networks:       files
12251 protocols:      files
12252 services:       files
12253 ethers:         files
12254 rpc:            files
12255 netgroup:       files ldap
12256 </pre></blockquote>
12257
12258 <p>The important parts are that ldap is listed last for passwd, group,
12259 shadow and netgroup.</p>
12260
12261 <p>With these changes in place, any user in LDAP will be able to log
12262 in locally on the machine using for example kdm, get a local home
12263 directory created and have the password as well as user and group
12264 attributes cached.
12265
12266 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + nss-updatedb + libpam-ccreds +
12267   libpam-mklocaluser/pam_mkhomedir</h2>
12268
12269 <p>Because nscd have had its share of problems, and seem to have
12270 problems doing proper caching, I've seen suggestions and recipes to
12271 use nss-updatedb to copy parts of the LDAP database locally when the
12272 LDAP database is available.  I have not tested such setup, because I
12273 discovered sssd.</p>
12274
12275 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + sssd + libpam-mklocaluser</h2>
12276
12277 <p>A more flexible and robust setup than the nscd combination
12278 mentioned earlier that has shown up recently, is the
12279 <a href="https://fedorahosted.org/sssd/">sssd</a> package from Redhat.
12280 It is part of the <a href="http://www.freeipa.org/">FreeIPA</A> project
12281 to provide a Active Directory like directory service for Linux
12282 machines.  The sssd system combines the caching of passwords and user
12283 information into one package, and remove the need for nscd and
12284 libpam-ccreds.  It support LDAP and Kerberos, but not NIS.  Version
12285 1.2 do not support netgroups, but it is said that it will support this
12286 in version 1.5 expected to show up later in 2010.  Because the
12287 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/sssd.html">sssd package</a>
12288 was missing in Debian, I ended up co-maintaining it with Werner, and
12289 version 1.2 is now in testing.
12290
12291 <p>These packages need to be installed and configured to get the
12292 roaming setup I want</p>
12293
12294 <blockquote><pre>
12295 libpam-sss libnss-sss libpam-mklocaluser
12296 </pre></blockquote>
12297
12298 The complete setup of sssd is done by editing/creating
12299 <tt>/etc/sssd/sssd.conf</tt>.
12300
12301 <blockquote><pre>
12302 [sssd]
12303 config_file_version = 2
12304 reconnection_retries = 3
12305 sbus_timeout = 30
12306 services = nss, pam
12307 domains = INTERN
12308
12309 [nss]
12310 filter_groups = root
12311 filter_users = root
12312 reconnection_retries = 3
12313
12314 [pam]
12315 reconnection_retries = 3
12316
12317 [domain/INTERN]
12318 enumerate = false
12319 cache_credentials = true
12320
12321 id_provider = ldap
12322 auth_provider = ldap
12323 chpass_provider = ldap
12324
12325 ldap_uri = ldap://ldap
12326 ldap_search_base = dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12327 ldap_tls_reqcert = never
12328 ldap_tls_cacert = /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt
12329 </pre></blockquote>
12330
12331 <p>I got the same problem here with certificate checking.  Had to set
12332 "ldap_tls_reqcert = never" to get it working.</p>
12333
12334 <p>With the libnss-sss package in testing at the moment, the
12335 nsswitch.conf file is update automatically, so there is no need to
12336 modify it manually.</p>
12337
12338 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
12339 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12340
12341       </div>
12342       <div class="tags">
12343
12344
12345         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12346
12347
12348       </div>
12349     </div>
12350     <div class="padding"></div>
12351
12352     <div class="entry">
12353       <div class="title">
12354         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/LUMA__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">LUMA, a very nice LDAP GUI</a>
12355       </div>
12356       <div class="date">
12357         28th June 2010
12358       </div>
12359       <div class="body">
12360         <p>The last few days I have been looking into the status of the LDAP
12361 directory in Debian Edu, and in the process I started to miss a GUI
12362 tool to browse the LDAP tree.  The only one I was able to find in
12363 Debian/Squeeze and Lenny is
12364 <a href="http://luma.sourceforge.net/">LUMA</a>, which has proved to
12365 be a great tool to get a overview of the current LDAP directory
12366 populated by default in Skolelinux.  Thanks to it, I have been able to
12367 find empty and obsolete subtrees, misplaced objects and duplicate
12368 objects.  It will be installed by default in Debian/Squeeze.  If you
12369 are working with LDAP, give it a go. :)</p>
12370
12371 <p>I did notice one problem with it I have not had time to report to
12372 the BTS yet.  There is no .desktop file in the package, so the tool do
12373 not show up in the Gnome and KDE menus, but only deep down in in the
12374 Debian submenu in KDE.  I hope that can be fixed before Squeeze is
12375 released.</p>
12376
12377 <p>I have not yet been able to get it to modify the tree yet.  I would
12378 like to move objects and remove subtrees directly in the GUI, but have
12379 not found a way to do that with LUMA yet.  So in the mean time, I use
12380 <a href="http://www.lichteblau.com/ldapvi/">ldapvi</a> for that.</p>
12381
12382 <p>If you have tips on other GUI tools for LDAP that might be useful
12383 in Debian Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12384
12385 <p>Update 2010-06-29: Ross Reedstrom tipped us about the
12386 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/g/gq.html">gq</a> package as a
12387 useful GUI alternative.  It seem like a good tool, but is unmaintained
12388 in Debian and got a RC bug keeping it out of Squeeze.  Unless that
12389 changes, it will not be an option for Debian Edu based on Squeeze.</p>
12390
12391       </div>
12392       <div class="tags">
12393
12394
12395         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12396
12397
12398       </div>
12399     </div>
12400     <div class="padding"></div>
12401
12402     <div class="entry">
12403       <div class="title">
12404         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_a_change_to_LDAP_schemas_allowing_DNS_and_DHCP_info_to_be_combined_into_one_object.html">Idea for a change to LDAP schemas allowing DNS and DHCP info to be combined into one object</a>
12405       </div>
12406       <div class="date">
12407         24th June 2010
12408       </div>
12409       <div class="body">
12410         <p>A while back, I
12411 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">complained
12412 about the fact</a> that it is not possible with the provided schemas
12413 for storing DNS and DHCP information in LDAP to combine the two sets
12414 of information into one LDAP object representing a computer.</p>
12415
12416 <p>In the mean time, I discovered that a simple fix would be to make
12417 the dhcpHost object class auxiliary, to allow it to be combined with
12418 the dNSDomain object class, and thus forming one object for one
12419 computer when storing both DHCP and DNS information in LDAP.</p>
12420
12421 <p>If I understand this correctly, it is not safe to do this change
12422 without also changing the assigned number for the object class, and I
12423 do not know enough about LDAP schema design to do that properly for
12424 Debian Edu.</p>
12425
12426 <p>Anyway, for future reference, this is how I believe we could change
12427 the
12428 <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-dhc-ldap-schema-00">DHCP
12429 schema</a> to solve at least part of the problem with the LDAP schemas
12430 available today from IETF.</p>
12431
12432 <pre>
12433 --- dhcp.schema    (revision 65192)
12434 +++ dhcp.schema    (working copy)
12435 @@ -376,7 +376,7 @@
12436  objectclass ( 2.16.840.1.113719.1.203.6.6
12437         NAME 'dhcpHost'
12438         DESC 'This represents information about a particular client'
12439 -       SUP top
12440 +       SUP top AUXILIARY
12441         MUST cn
12442         MAY  (dhcpLeaseDN $ dhcpHWAddress $ dhcpOptionsDN $ dhcpStatements $ dhcpComments $ dhcpOption)
12443         X-NDS_CONTAINMENT ('dhcpService' 'dhcpSubnet' 'dhcpGroup') )
12444 </pre>
12445
12446 <p>I very much welcome clues on how to do this properly for Debian
12447 Edu/Squeeze.  We provide the DHCP schema in our debian-edu-config
12448 package, and should thus be free to rewrite it as we see fit.</p>
12449
12450 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
12451 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12452
12453       </div>
12454       <div class="tags">
12455
12456
12457         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12458
12459
12460       </div>
12461     </div>
12462     <div class="padding"></div>
12463
12464     <div class="entry">
12465       <div class="title">
12466         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__removals_by_apt_and_aptitude.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, removals by apt and aptitude</a>
12467       </div>
12468       <div class="date">
12469         13th June 2010
12470       </div>
12471       <div class="body">
12472         <p>My
12473 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_upgrade_testing_from_Lenny_to_Squeeze.html">testing
12474 of Debian upgrades</a> from Lenny to Squeeze continues, and I've
12475 finally made the upgrade logs available from
12476 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/debian-upgrade-testing/</a>.
12477 I am now testing dist-upgrade of Gnome and KDE in a chroot using both
12478 apt and aptitude, and found their differences interesting.  This time
12479 I will only focus on their removal plans.</p>
12480
12481 <p>After installing a Gnome desktop and the laptop task, apt-get wants
12482 to remove 72 packages when dist-upgrading from Lenny to Squeeze.  The
12483 surprising part is that it want to remove xorg and all
12484 xserver-xorg-video* drivers.  Clearly not a good choice, but I am not
12485 sure why.  When asking aptitude to do the same, it want to remove 129
12486 packages, but most of them are library packages I suspect are no
12487 longer needed.  Both of them want to remove bluetooth packages, which
12488 I do not know.  Perhaps these bluetooth packages are obsolete?</p>
12489
12490 <p>For KDE, apt-get want to remove 82 packages, among them kdebase
12491 which seem like a bad idea and xorg the same way as with Gnome. Asking
12492 aptitude for the same, it wants to remove 192 packages, none which are
12493 too surprising.</p>
12494
12495 <p>I guess the removal of xorg during upgrades should be investigated
12496 and avoided, and perhaps others as well.  Here are the complete list
12497 of planned removals.  The complete logs is available from the URL
12498 above.  Note if you want to repeat these tests, that the upgrade test
12499 for kde+apt-get hung in the tasksel setup because of dpkg asking
12500 conffile questions.  No idea why.  I worked around it by using
12501 '<tt>echo >> /proc/<em>pidofdpkg</em>/fd/0</tt>' to tell dpkg to
12502 continue.</p>
12503
12504 <p><b>apt-get gnome 72</b>
12505 <br>bluez-gnome cupsddk-drivers deskbar-applet gnome
12506   gnome-desktop-environment gnome-network-admin gtkhtml3.14
12507   iceweasel-gnome-support libavcodec51 libdatrie0 libgdl-1-0
12508   libgnomekbd2 libgnomekbdui2 libmetacity0 libslab0 libxcb-xlib0
12509   nautilus-cd-burner python-gnome2-desktop python-gnome2-extras
12510   serpentine swfdec-mozilla update-manager xorg xserver-xorg
12511   xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
12512   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
12513   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-input-wacom
12514   xserver-xorg-video-all xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark
12515   xserver-xorg-video-ati xserver-xorg-video-chips
12516   xserver-xorg-video-cirrus xserver-xorg-video-cyrix
12517   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
12518   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
12519   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-imstt
12520   xserver-xorg-video-intel xserver-xorg-video-mach64
12521   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
12522   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-nv
12523   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome xserver-xorg-video-r128
12524   xserver-xorg-video-radeon xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd
12525   xserver-xorg-video-rendition xserver-xorg-video-s3
12526   xserver-xorg-video-s3virge xserver-xorg-video-savage
12527   xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion xserver-xorg-video-sis
12528   xserver-xorg-video-sisusb xserver-xorg-video-tdfx
12529   xserver-xorg-video-tga xserver-xorg-video-trident
12530   xserver-xorg-video-tseng xserver-xorg-video-v4l
12531   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vga
12532   xserver-xorg-video-vmware xserver-xorg-video-voodoo xulrunner-1.9
12533   xulrunner-1.9-gnome-support</p>
12534
12535 <p><b>aptitude gnome 129</b>
12536
12537 <br>bluez-gnome bluez-utils cpp-4.3 cupsddk-drivers dhcdbd
12538   djvulibre-desktop finger gnome-app-install gnome-mount
12539   gnome-network-admin gnome-spell gnome-vfs-obexftp
12540   gnome-volume-manager gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs gtkhtml3.14 libao2
12541   libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5 libavcodec51 libbluetooth2
12542   libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7 libcucul0 libcupsys2 libcurl3 libdatrie0
12543   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdvdread3 libedataserver1.2-9 libeel2-2.20
12544   libeel2-data libepc-1.0-1 libepc-ui-1.0-1 libfaad0 libgail-common
12545   libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libgdl-1-0 libgdl-1-common
12546   libggz2 libggzcore9 libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0
12547   libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomekbd2 libgnomekbdui2 libgnomeprint2.2-0
12548   libgnomeprint2.2-data libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgnomeprintui2.2-common
12549   libgnomevfs2-bin libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtkhtml2-0
12550   libgtksourceview-common libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgucharmap6
12551   libhesiod0 libicu38 libiw29 libkpathsea4 libltdl3 libmagick++10
12552   libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmetacity0 libmtp7 libmysqlclient15off
12553   libnautilus-burn4 libneon27 libnm-glib0 libnm-util0 libopal-2.2
12554   libosp5 libparted1.8-10 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3 libpt-1.10.10
12555   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libraw1394-8
12556   libsensors3 libslab0 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8 libssh2-1
12557   libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1 libtotem-plparser10
12558   libtrackerclient0 libxalan2-java libxalan2-java-gcj libxcb-xlib0
12559   libxerces2-java libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12 libxtrap6
12560   libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3 mysql-common nautilus-cd-burner
12561   openoffice.org-writer2latex openssl-blacklist p7zip
12562   python-4suite-xml python-eggtrayicon python-gnome2-desktop
12563   python-gnome2-extras python-gtkhtml2 python-gtkmozembed
12564   python-numeric python-sexy serpentine svgalibg1 swfdec-gnome
12565   swfdec-mozilla totem-gstreamer update-manager wodim
12566   xserver-xorg-video-cyrix xserver-xorg-video-imstt
12567   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-v4l xserver-xorg-video-vga
12568   zip</p>
12569
12570 <p><b>apt-get kde 82</b>
12571
12572 <br>cupsddk-drivers karm kaudiocreator kcoloredit kcontrol kde kde-core
12573   kdeaddons kdeartwork kdebase kdebase-bin kdebase-bin-kde3
12574   kdebase-kio-plugins kdesktop kdeutils khelpcenter kicker
12575   kicker-applets knewsticker kolourpaint konq-plugins konqueror korn
12576   kpersonalizer kscreensaver ksplash libavcodec51 libdatrie0 libkiten1
12577   libxcb-xlib0 quanta superkaramba texlive-base-bin xorg xserver-xorg
12578   xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
12579   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
12580   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-input-wacom
12581   xserver-xorg-video-all xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark
12582   xserver-xorg-video-ati xserver-xorg-video-chips
12583   xserver-xorg-video-cirrus xserver-xorg-video-cyrix
12584   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
12585   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
12586   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-imstt
12587   xserver-xorg-video-intel xserver-xorg-video-mach64
12588   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
12589   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-nv
12590   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome xserver-xorg-video-r128
12591   xserver-xorg-video-radeon xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd
12592   xserver-xorg-video-rendition xserver-xorg-video-s3
12593   xserver-xorg-video-s3virge xserver-xorg-video-savage
12594   xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion xserver-xorg-video-sis
12595   xserver-xorg-video-sisusb xserver-xorg-video-tdfx
12596   xserver-xorg-video-tga xserver-xorg-video-trident
12597   xserver-xorg-video-tseng xserver-xorg-video-v4l
12598   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vga
12599   xserver-xorg-video-vmware xserver-xorg-video-voodoo xulrunner-1.9</p>
12600
12601 <p><b>aptitude kde 192</b>
12602 <br>bluez-utils cpp-4.3 cupsddk-drivers cvs dcoprss dhcdbd
12603   djvulibre-desktop dosfstools eyesapplet fifteenapplet finger gettext
12604   ghostscript-x imlib-base imlib11 indi kandy karm kasteroids
12605   kaudiocreator kbackgammon kbstate kcoloredit kcontrol kcron kdat
12606   kdeadmin-kfile-plugins kdeartwork-misc kdeartwork-theme-window
12607   kdebase-bin-kde3 kdebase-kio-plugins kdeedu-data
12608   kdegraphics-kfile-plugins kdelirc kdemultimedia-kappfinder-data
12609   kdemultimedia-kfile-plugins kdenetwork-kfile-plugins
12610   kdepim-kfile-plugins kdepim-kio-plugins kdeprint kdesktop kdessh
12611   kdict kdnssd kdvi kedit keduca kenolaba kfax kfaxview kfouleggs
12612   kghostview khelpcenter khexedit kiconedit kitchensync klatin
12613   klickety kmailcvt kmenuedit kmid kmilo kmoon kmrml kodo kolourpaint
12614   kooka korn kpager kpdf kpercentage kpf kpilot kpoker kpovmodeler
12615   krec kregexpeditor ksayit ksim ksirc ksirtet ksmiletris ksmserver
12616   ksnake ksokoban ksplash ksvg ksysv ktip ktnef kuickshow kverbos
12617   kview kviewshell kvoctrain kwifimanager kwin kwin4 kworldclock
12618   kxsldbg libakode2 libao2 libarts1-akode libarts1-audiofile
12619   libarts1-mpeglib libarts1-xine libavahi-compat-libdnssd1
12620   libavahi-core5 libavc1394-0 libavcodec51 libbluetooth2
12621   libboost-python1.34.1 libcucul0 libcurl3 libcvsservice0 libdatrie0
12622   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdjvulibre21 libdvdread3 libfaad0 libfreebob0
12623   libgail-common libgd2-noxpm libgraphviz4 libgsmme1c2a libgtkhtml2-0
12624   libicu38 libiec61883-0 libindex0 libiw29 libk3b3 libkcal2b libkcddb1
12625   libkdeedu3 libkdepim1a libkgantt0 libkiten1 libkleopatra1 libkmime2
12626   libkpathsea4 libkpimexchange1 libkpimidentities1 libkscan1
12627   libksieve0 libktnef1 liblockdev1 libltdl3 libmagick10 libmimelib1c2a
12628   libmozjs1d libmpcdec3 libneon27 libnm-util0 libopensync0 libpisock9
12629   libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler-qt2 libpoppler3 libraw1394-8 libsmbios2
12630   libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libtalloc1 libtiff-tools
12631   libxalan2-java libxalan2-java-gcj libxcb-xlib0 libxerces2-java
12632   libxerces2-java-gcj libxtrap6 mpeglib networkstatus
12633   openoffice.org-writer2latex pmount poster psutils quanta quanta-data
12634   superkaramba svgalibg1 tex-common texlive-base texlive-base-bin
12635   texlive-common texlive-doc-base texlive-fonts-recommended
12636   xserver-xorg-video-cyrix xserver-xorg-video-imstt
12637   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-v4l xserver-xorg-video-vga
12638   xulrunner-1.9</p>
12639
12640
12641       </div>
12642       <div class="tags">
12643
12644
12645         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
12646
12647
12648       </div>
12649     </div>
12650     <div class="padding"></div>
12651
12652     <div class="entry">
12653       <div class="title">
12654         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_upgrade_testing_from_Lenny_to_Squeeze.html">Automatic upgrade testing from Lenny to Squeeze</a>
12655       </div>
12656       <div class="date">
12657         11th June 2010
12658       </div>
12659       <div class="body">
12660         <p>The last few days I have done some upgrade testing in Debian, to
12661 see if the upgrade from Lenny to Squeeze will go smoothly.  A few bugs
12662 have been discovered and reported in the process
12663 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/585410">#585410</a> in nagios3-cgi,
12664 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584879">#584879</a> already fixed in
12665 enscript and <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584861">#584861</a> in
12666 kdebase-workspace-data), and to get a more regular testing going on, I
12667 am working on a script to automate the test.</p>
12668
12669 <p>The idea is to create a Lenny chroot and use tasksel to install a
12670 Gnome or KDE desktop installation inside the chroot before upgrading
12671 it.  To ensure no services are started in the chroot, a policy-rc.d
12672 script is inserted.  To make sure tasksel believe it is to install a
12673 desktop on a laptop, the tasksel tests are replaced in the chroot
12674 (only acceptable because this is a throw-away chroot).</p>
12675
12676 <p>A naive upgrade from Lenny to Squeeze using aptitude dist-upgrade
12677 currently always fail because udev refuses to upgrade with the kernel
12678 in Lenny, so to avoid that problem the file /etc/udev/kernel-upgrade
12679 is created.  The bug report
12680 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/566000">#566000</a> make me suspect
12681 this problem do not trigger in a chroot, but I touch the file anyway
12682 to make sure the upgrade go well.  Testing on virtual and real
12683 hardware have failed me because of udev so far, and creating this file
12684 do the trick in such settings anyway.  This is a
12685 <a href="http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/debian-26/failed-dist-upgrade-due-to-udev-config_sysfs_deprecated-nonsense-804130/">known
12686 issue</a> and the current udev behaviour is intended by the udev
12687 maintainer because he lack the resources to rewrite udev to keep
12688 working with old kernels or something like that.  I really wish the
12689 udev upstream would keep udev backwards compatible, to avoid such
12690 upgrade problem, but given that they fail to do so, I guess
12691 documenting the way out of this mess is the best option we got for
12692 Debian Squeeze.</p>
12693
12694 <p>Anyway, back to the task at hand, testing upgrades.  This test
12695 script, which I call <tt>upgrade-test</tt> for now, is doing the
12696 trick:</p>
12697
12698 <blockquote><pre>
12699 #!/bin/sh
12700 set -ex
12701
12702 if [ "$1" ] ; then
12703     desktop=$1
12704 else
12705     desktop=gnome
12706 fi
12707
12708 from=lenny
12709 to=squeeze
12710
12711 exec &lt; /dev/null
12712 unset LANG
12713 mirror=http://ftp.skolelinux.org/debian
12714 tmpdir=chroot-$from-upgrade-$to-$desktop
12715 fuser -mv .
12716 debootstrap $from $tmpdir $mirror
12717 chroot $tmpdir aptitude update
12718 cat > $tmpdir/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d &lt;&lt;EOF
12719 #!/bin/sh
12720 exit 101
12721 EOF
12722 chmod a+rx $tmpdir/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d
12723 exit_cleanup() {
12724     umount $tmpdir/proc
12725 }
12726 mount -t proc proc $tmpdir/proc
12727 # Make sure proc is unmounted also on failure
12728 trap exit_cleanup EXIT INT
12729
12730 chroot $tmpdir aptitude -y install debconf-utils
12731
12732 # Make sure tasksel autoselection trigger.  It need the test scripts
12733 # to return the correct answers.
12734 echo tasksel tasksel/desktop multiselect $desktop | \
12735     chroot $tmpdir debconf-set-selections
12736
12737 # Include the desktop and laptop task
12738 for test in desktop laptop ; do
12739     echo > $tmpdir/usr/lib/tasksel/tests/$test &lt;&lt;EOF
12740 #!/bin/sh
12741 exit 2
12742 EOF
12743     chmod a+rx $tmpdir/usr/lib/tasksel/tests/$test
12744 done
12745
12746 DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
12747 DEBIAN_PRIORITY=critical
12748 export DEBIAN_FRONTEND DEBIAN_PRIORITY
12749 chroot $tmpdir tasksel --new-install
12750
12751 echo deb $mirror $to main > $tmpdir/etc/apt/sources.list
12752 chroot $tmpdir aptitude update
12753 touch $tmpdir/etc/udev/kernel-upgrade
12754 chroot $tmpdir aptitude -y dist-upgrade
12755 fuser -mv
12756 </pre></blockquote>
12757
12758 <p>I suspect it would be useful to test upgrades with both apt-get and
12759 with aptitude, but I have not had time to look at how they behave
12760 differently so far.  I hope to get a cron job running to do the test
12761 regularly and post the result on the web.  The Gnome upgrade currently
12762 work, while the KDE upgrade fail because of the bug in
12763 kdebase-workspace-data</p>
12764
12765 <p>I am not quite sure what kind of extract from the huge upgrade logs
12766 (KDE 167 KiB, Gnome 516 KiB) it make sense to include in this blog
12767 post, so I will refrain from trying.  I can report that for Gnome,
12768 aptitude report 760 packages upgraded, 448 newly installed, 129 to
12769 remove and 1 not upgraded and 1024MB need to be downloaded while for
12770 KDE the same numbers are 702 packages upgraded, 507 newly installed,
12771 193 to remove and 0 not upgraded and 1117MB need to be downloaded</p>
12772
12773 <p>I am very happy to notice that the Gnome desktop + laptop upgrade
12774 is able to migrate to dependency based boot sequencing and parallel
12775 booting without a hitch.  Was unsure if there were still bugs with
12776 packages failing to clean up their obsolete init.d script during
12777 upgrades, and no such problem seem to affect the Gnome desktop+laptop
12778 packages.</p>
12779
12780       </div>
12781       <div class="tags">
12782
12783
12784         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
12785
12786
12787       </div>
12788     </div>
12789     <div class="padding"></div>
12790
12791     <div class="entry">
12792       <div class="title">
12793         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_er_laget_for_sentraldrifting__naturligvis.html">Skolelinux er laget for sentraldrifting, naturligvis</a>
12794       </div>
12795       <div class="date">
12796          9th June 2010
12797       </div>
12798       <div class="body">
12799         <p>Det er merkelig hvordan myter om Skolelinux overlever.  En slik
12800 myte er at Skolelinux ikke kan sentraldriftes og ha sentralt plasserte
12801 tjenermaskiner.  I siste Computerworld Norge er
12802 <a href="http://www.idg.no/computerworld/article169432.ece">IT-sjef
12803 Viggo Billdal i Steinkjer intervjuet</a>, og forteller uten
12804 blygsel:</p>
12805
12806 <blockquote><p>Vi hadde Skolelinux, men det har vi sluttet med. Vi testet
12807 om det lønte seg med Microsoft eller en åpen plattform. Vi fant ut at
12808 Microsoft egentlig var totalt sett bedre egnet. Det var store
12809 driftskostnader med Skolelinux, blant annet på grunn av
12810 desentraliserte servere. Det var komplisert, så vi gikk vekk fra det
12811 og bruker nå bare Windows.</p></blockquote>
12812
12813 <p>En <a
12814 href="https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/bruker/2010-June/009101.html">rask
12815 sjekk</a> mot den norske brukerlista i Skolelinuxprosjektet forteller
12816 at Steinkjers forsøk foregikk fram til 2004/2005, og at Røysing skole
12817 i Steinkjer skal ha vært svært fornøyd med Skolelinux men at kommunen
12818 overkjørte skolen og krevde at de gikk over til Windows.  Et søk på
12819 nettet sendte meg til
12820 <a href="http://www.dn.no/multimedia/archive/00090/Dagens_it_nr__18_90826a.pdf">Dagens
12821 IT nr. 18 2005</a> hvor en kan lese på side 18:</p>
12822
12823 <blockquote><p>Inge Tømmerås ved Røysing skole i Steinkjer kjører ennå
12824 Microsoft, men forteller at kompetanseutfordringen med Skolelinux ikke
12825 var så stor.   Jeg syntes Skolelinux var utrolig lett å drifte uten
12826 forkunnskaper. Men man må jo selvsagt ha tilgang på ekstern kompetanse
12827 til installasjoner og maskinvarefeil, sier Tømmerås.</p></blockquote>
12828
12829 <p>Som systemarkitekten bak Skolelinux, kan jeg bare riste på hodet
12830 over påstanden om at Skolelinux krever desentraliserte tjenere.
12831 Skolelinux-arkitekturen er laget for sentralisert drift og plassering
12832 av tjenerne lokalt eller sentralt alt etter behov og nettkapasitet.
12833 Den er modellert på nettverks- og tjenerløsningen som brukes på
12834 Universitetet i Tromsø og Oslo, der jeg jobber med utvikling av
12835 driftstjenester.  Dette er det heldigvis noen som har fått med seg, og
12836 jeg er glad for å kunne sitere fra en kommentar på den overnevnte
12837 artikkelen.  Min venn og gamle kollega Sturle Sunde forteller der:
12838
12839 <blockquote>
12840 <p>I Flora kommune køyrer vi Skulelinux på skular med alt frå 15 til
12841 meir enn 500 elevar. Dei store skulane har eigen tenar, for det er
12842 mest praktisk. Eg, som er driftsansvarleg for heile nettet, ser
12843 sjeldan dei tenarane fysisk, men at dei står der gjer skulane mindre
12844 avhengige av eksterne linjer som er trege eller dyre. Dei minste
12845 skulane har ikkje eigen tenar. Å bruke sentral tenar er heller ikkje
12846 noko problem. Småskulane klarar seg fint med 1 mbit-linje til ein
12847 sentral tenar eller tenaren på ein større skule.</p>
12848
12849 <p>Det beste med Skulelinux er halvtjukke klientar. Dei treng ikkje
12850 harddisk og brukar minimalt med ressursar på tenaren fordi dei køyrer
12851 programma lokalt. Eit klasserom med 30 sju-åtte år gamle maskiner har
12852 mykje meir CPU og RAM totalt enn nokon moderne tenar til under
12853 millionen. Det trengst to kommandoar på den sentrale tenaren for å
12854 oppdatere alle klientane, både tynne og halvtjukke. Vi har ingen
12855 problem med diskar som ryk heller, som var eit problem før fordi
12856 elevane sat og sparka i maskinene. Og dei krev lite bandbreidde i
12857 nettet, so det er fullt mogleg å køyre slike på småskular med trege
12858 linjer mot tenaren på ein større skule.</p>
12859
12860 <p>Flora kommune har nesten 800 Linux-maskiner i sitt skulenett, og
12861 ein person som tek seg av drift av heile nettet, inkludert tenarar,
12862 klientar, operativsystem, programvare, heimekontorløysing og
12863 administrasjon av brukarar.</p>
12864
12865 <p>No skal det seiast at vi ikkje køyrer rein Skulelinux ut av
12866 boksen. Vi har gjort ein del tilpassingar mot noko Novell-greier som
12867 var der frå før, og som har komplisert installasjonen vår. Etter at
12868 oppsettet var gjort har løysinga vore stabil og kravd minimalt med
12869 arbeid.</p>
12870 </blockquote>
12871
12872 <p>Jeg vet at Narvik, Harstad og Oslo er kommuner der Skolelinux
12873 sentraldriftes med sentrale tjenere.  Det forteller meg at Steinkjers
12874 IT-sjef neppe bør skylde på Skolelinux-løsningen for sine 5 år gamle
12875 minner.</p>
12876
12877       </div>
12878       <div class="tags">
12879
12880
12881         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12882
12883
12884       </div>
12885     </div>
12886     <div class="padding"></div>
12887
12888     <div class="entry">
12889       <div class="title">
12890         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_manual_for_standards_wars___.html">A manual for standards wars...</a>
12891       </div>
12892       <div class="date">
12893          6th June 2010
12894       </div>
12895       <div class="body">
12896         <p>Via the
12897 <a href="http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/robweir/antic-atom/~3/QzU4RgoAGMg/weekly-links-10.html">blog
12898 of Rob Weir</a> I came across the very interesting essay named
12899 <a href="http://faculty.haas.berkeley.edu/shapiro/wars.pdf">The Art of
12900 Standards Wars</a> (PDF 25 pages).  I recommend it for everyone
12901 following the standards wars of today.</p>
12902
12903       </div>
12904       <div class="tags">
12905
12906
12907         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard</a>.
12908
12909
12910       </div>
12911     </div>
12912     <div class="padding"></div>
12913
12914     <div class="entry">
12915       <div class="title">
12916         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Sitesummary_tip__Listing_computer_hardware_models_used_at_site.html">Sitesummary tip: Listing computer hardware models used at site</a>
12917       </div>
12918       <div class="date">
12919          3rd June 2010
12920       </div>
12921       <div class="body">
12922         <p>When using sitesummary at a site to track machines, it is possible
12923 to get a list of the machine types in use thanks to the DMI
12924 information extracted from each machine.  The script to do so is
12925 included in the sitesummary package, and here is example output from
12926 the Skolelinux build servers:</p>
12927
12928 <blockquote><pre>
12929 maintainer:~# /usr/lib/sitesummary/hardware-model-summary
12930   vendor                    count
12931   Dell Computer Corporation     1
12932     PowerEdge 1750              1
12933   IBM                           1
12934     eserver xSeries 345 -[8670M1X]-     1
12935   Intel                         2
12936   [no-dmi-info]                 3
12937 maintainer:~#
12938 </pre></blockquote>
12939
12940 <p>The quality of the report depend on the quality of the DMI tables
12941 provided in each machine.  Here there are Intel machines without model
12942 information listed with Intel as vendor and no model, and virtual Xen
12943 machines listed as [no-dmi-info].  One can add -l as a command line
12944 option to list the individual machines.</p>
12945
12946 <p>A larger list is
12947 <a href="http://narvikskolen.no/sitesummary/">available from the the
12948 city of Narvik</a>, which uses Skolelinux on all their shools and also
12949 provide the basic sitesummary report publicly.  In their report there
12950 are ~1400 machines. I know they use both Ubuntu and Skolelinux on
12951 their machines, and as sitesummary is available in both distributions,
12952 it is trivial to get all of them to report to the same central
12953 collector.</p>
12954
12955       </div>
12956       <div class="tags">
12957
12958
12959         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
12960
12961
12962       </div>
12963     </div>
12964     <div class="padding"></div>
12965
12966     <div class="entry">
12967       <div class="title">
12968         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/KDM_fail_at_boot_with_NVidia_cards___and_no_one_try_to_fix_it_.html">KDM fail at boot with NVidia cards - and no one try to fix it?</a>
12969       </div>
12970       <div class="date">
12971          1st June 2010
12972       </div>
12973       <div class="body">
12974         <p>It is strange to watch how a bug in Debian causing KDM to fail to
12975 start at boot when an NVidia video card is used is handled.  The
12976 problem seem to be that the nvidia X.org driver uses a long time to
12977 initialize, and this duration is longer than kdm is configured to
12978 wait.</p>
12979
12980 <p>I came across two bugs related to this issue,
12981 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/583312">#583312</a> initially filed
12982 against initscripts and passed on to nvidia-glx when it became obvious
12983 that the nvidia drivers were involved, and
12984 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/524751">#524751</a> initially filed against
12985 kdm and passed on to src:nvidia-graphics-drivers for unknown reasons.</p>
12986
12987 <p>To me, it seem that no-one is interested in actually solving the
12988 problem nvidia video card owners experience and make sure the Debian
12989 distribution work out of the box for these users.  The nvidia driver
12990 maintainers expect kdm to be set up to wait longer, while kdm expect
12991 the nvidia driver maintainers to fix the driver to start faster, and
12992 while they wait for each other I guess the users end up switching to a
12993 distribution that work for them.  I have no idea what the solution is,
12994 but I am pretty sure that waiting for each other is not it.</p>
12995
12996 <p>I wonder why we end up handling bugs this way.</p>
12997
12998       </div>
12999       <div class="tags">
13000
13001
13002         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13003
13004
13005       </div>
13006     </div>
13007     <div class="padding"></div>
13008
13009     <div class="entry">
13010       <div class="title">
13011         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Parallellized_boot_seem_to_hold_up_well_in_Debian_testing.html">Parallellized boot seem to hold up well in Debian/testing</a>
13012       </div>
13013       <div class="date">
13014         27th May 2010
13015       </div>
13016       <div class="body">
13017         <p>A few days ago, parallel booting was enabled in Debian/testing.
13018 The feature seem to hold up pretty well, but three fairly serious
13019 issues are known and should be solved:
13020
13021 <p><ul>
13022
13023 <li>The wicd package seen to
13024 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/508289">break NFS mounting</a> and
13025 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/581586">network setup</a> when
13026 parallel booting is enabled.  No idea why, but the wicd maintainer
13027 seem to be on the case.</li>
13028
13029 <li>The nvidia X driver seem to
13030 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/583312">have a race condition</a>
13031 triggered more easily when parallel booting is in effect.  The
13032 maintainer is on the case.</li>
13033
13034 <li>The sysv-rc package fail to properly enable dependency based boot
13035 sequencing (the shutdown is broken) when old file-rc users
13036 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/575080">try to switch back</a> to
13037 sysv-rc.  One way to solve it would be for file-rc to create
13038 /etc/init.d/.legacy-bootordering, and another is to try to make
13039 sysv-rc more robust.  Will investigate some more and probably upload a
13040 workaround in sysv-rc to help those trying to move from file-rc to
13041 sysv-rc get a working shutdown.</li>
13042
13043 </ul></p>
13044
13045 <p>All in all not many surprising issues, and all of them seem
13046 solvable before Squeeze is released.  In addition to these there are
13047 some packages with bugs in their dependencies and run level settings,
13048 which I expect will be fixed in a reasonable time span.</p>
13049
13050 <p>If you report any problems with dependencies in init.d scripts to
13051 the BTS, please usertag the report to get it to show up at
13052 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/pkgreport.cgi?users=initscripts-ng-devel@lists.alioth.debian.org">the
13053 list of usertagged bugs related to this</a>.</p>
13054
13055 <p>Update: Correct bug number to file-rc issue.</p>
13056
13057       </div>
13058       <div class="tags">
13059
13060
13061         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13062
13063
13064       </div>
13065     </div>
13066     <div class="padding"></div>
13067
13068     <div class="entry">
13069       <div class="title">
13070         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/More_flexible_firmware_handling_in_debian_installer.html">More flexible firmware handling in debian-installer</a>
13071       </div>
13072       <div class="date">
13073         22nd May 2010
13074       </div>
13075       <div class="body">
13076         <p>After a long break from debian-installer development, I finally
13077 found time today to return to the project.  Having to spend less time
13078 working dependency based boot in debian, as it is almost complete now,
13079 definitely helped freeing some time.</p>
13080
13081 <p>A while back, I ran into a problem while working on Debian Edu.  We
13082 include some firmware packages on the Debian Edu CDs, those needed to
13083 get disk and network controllers working.  Without having these
13084 firmware packages available during installation, it is impossible to
13085 install Debian Edu on the given machine, and because our target group
13086 are non-technical people, asking them to provide firmware packages on
13087 an external medium is a support pain.  Initially, I expected it to be
13088 enough to include the firmware packages on the CD to get
13089 debian-installer to find and use them.  This proved to be wrong.
13090 Next, I hoped it was enough to symlink the relevant firmware packages
13091 to some useful location on the CD (tried /cdrom/ and
13092 /cdrom/firmware/).  This also proved to not work, and at this point I
13093 found time to look at the debian-installer code to figure out what was
13094 going to work.</p>
13095
13096 <p>The firmware loading code is in the hw-detect package, and a closer
13097 look revealed that it would only look for firmware packages outside
13098 the installation media, so the CD was never checked for firmware
13099 packages.  It would only check USB sticks, floppies and other
13100 "external" media devices.  Today I changed it to also look in the
13101 /cdrom/firmware/ directory on the mounted CD or DVD, which should
13102 solve the problem I ran into with Debian edu.  I also changed it to
13103 look in /firmware/, to make sure the installer also find firmware
13104 provided in the initrd when booting the installer via PXE, to allow us
13105 to provide the same feature in the PXE setup included in Debian
13106 Edu.</p>
13107
13108 <p>To make sure firmware deb packages with a license questions are not
13109 activated without asking if the license is accepted, I extended
13110 hw-detect to look for preinst scripts in the firmware packages, and
13111 run these before activating the firmware during installation.  The
13112 license question is asked using debconf in the preinst, so this should
13113 solve the issue for the firmware packages I have looked at so far.</p>
13114
13115 <p>If you want to discuss the details of these features, please
13116 contact us on debian-boot@lists.debian.org.</p>
13117
13118       </div>
13119       <div class="tags">
13120
13121
13122         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13123
13124
13125       </div>
13126     </div>
13127     <div class="padding"></div>
13128
13129     <div class="entry">
13130       <div class="title">
13131         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Pieces_of_the_roaming_laptop_puzzle_in_Debian.html">Pieces of the roaming laptop puzzle in Debian</a>
13132       </div>
13133       <div class="date">
13134         19th May 2010
13135       </div>
13136       <div class="body">
13137         <p>Today, the last piece of the puzzle for roaming laptops in Debian
13138 Edu finally entered the Debian archive.  Today, the new
13139 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/libp/libpam-mklocaluser.html">libpam-mklocaluser</a>
13140 package was accepted.  Two days ago, two other pieces was accepted
13141 into unstable.  The
13142 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/p/pam-python.html">pam-python</a>
13143 package needed by libpam-mklocaluser, and the
13144 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/sssd.html">sssd</a> package
13145 passed NEW on Monday.  In addition, the
13146 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/libp/libpam-ccreds.html">libpam-ccreds</a>
13147 package we need is in experimental (version 10-4) since Saturday, and
13148 hopefully will be moved to unstable soon.</p>
13149
13150 <p>This collection of packages allow for two different setups for
13151 roaming laptops.  The traditional setup would be using libpam-ccreds,
13152 nscd and libpam-mklocaluser with LDAP or Kerberos authentication,
13153 which should work out of the box if the configuration changes proposed
13154 for nscd in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/485282">BTS report
13155 #485282</a> is implemented.  The alternative setup is to use sssd with
13156 libpam-mklocaluser to connect to LDAP or Kerberos and let sssd take
13157 care of the caching of passwords and group information.</p>
13158
13159 <p>I have so far been unable to get sssd to work with the LDAP server
13160 at the University, but suspect the issue is some SSL/GnuTLS related
13161 problem with the server certificate.  I plan to update the Debian
13162 package to version 1.2, which is scheduled for next week, and hope to
13163 find time to make sure the next release will include both the
13164 Debian/Ubuntu specific patches.  Upstream is friendly and responsive,
13165 and I am sure we will find a good solution.</p>
13166
13167 <p>The idea is to set up the roaming laptops to authenticate using
13168 LDAP or Kerberos and create a local user with home directory in /home/
13169 when a usre in LDAP logs in via KDM or GDM for the first time, and
13170 cache the password for offline checking, as well as caching group
13171 memberhips and other relevant LDAP information.  The
13172 libpam-mklocaluser package was created to make sure the local home
13173 directory is in /home/, instead of /site/server/directory/ which would
13174 be the home directory if pam_mkhomedir was used.  To avoid confusion
13175 with support requests and configuration, we do not want local laptops
13176 to have users in a path that is used for the same users home directory
13177 on the home directory servers.</p>
13178
13179 <p>One annoying problem with gdm is that it do not show the PAM
13180 message passed to the user from libpam-mklocaluser when the local user
13181 is created.  Instead gdm simply reject the login with some generic
13182 message.  The message is shown in kdm, ssh and login, so I guess it is
13183 a bug in gdm.  Have not investigated if there is some other message
13184 type that can be used instead to get gdm to also show the message.</p>
13185
13186 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
13187 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
13188
13189       </div>
13190       <div class="tags">
13191
13192
13193         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13194
13195
13196       </div>
13197     </div>
13198     <div class="padding"></div>
13199
13200     <div class="entry">
13201       <div class="title">
13202         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Parallellized_boot_is_now_the_default_in_Debian_unstable.html">Parallellized boot is now the default in Debian/unstable</a>
13203       </div>
13204       <div class="date">
13205         14th May 2010
13206       </div>
13207       <div class="body">
13208         <p>Since this evening, parallel booting is the default in
13209 Debian/unstable for machines using dependency based boot sequencing.
13210 Apparently the testing of concurrent booting has been wider than
13211 expected, if I am to believe the
13212 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-devel/2010/05/msg00122.html">input
13213 on debian-devel@</a>, and I concluded a few days ago to move forward
13214 with the feature this weekend, to give us some time to detect any
13215 remaining problems before Squeeze is frozen.  If serious problems are
13216 detected, it is simple to change the default back to sequential boot.
13217 The upload of the new sysvinit package also activate a new upstream
13218 version.</p>
13219
13220 More information about
13221 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/LSBInitScripts/DependencyBasedBoot">dependency
13222 based boot sequencing</a> is available from the Debian wiki.  It is
13223 currently possible to disable parallel booting when one run into
13224 problems caused by it, by adding this line to /etc/default/rcS:</p>
13225
13226 <blockquote><pre>
13227 CONCURRENCY=none
13228 </pre></blockquote>
13229
13230 <p>If you report any problems with dependencies in init.d scripts to
13231 the BTS, please usertag the report to get it to show up at
13232 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/pkgreport.cgi?users=initscripts-ng-devel@lists.alioth.debian.org">the
13233 list of usertagged bugs related to this</a>.</p>
13234
13235       </div>
13236       <div class="tags">
13237
13238
13239         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13240
13241
13242       </div>
13243     </div>
13244     <div class="padding"></div>
13245
13246     <div class="entry">
13247       <div class="title">
13248         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Sitesummary_tip__Listing_MAC_address_of_all_clients.html">Sitesummary tip: Listing MAC address of all clients</a>
13249       </div>
13250       <div class="date">
13251         14th May 2010
13252       </div>
13253       <div class="body">
13254         <p>In the recent Debian Edu versions, the
13255 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/SiteSummary">sitesummary
13256 system</a> is used to keep track of the machines in the school
13257 network.  Each machine will automatically report its status to the
13258 central server after boot and once per night.  The network setup is
13259 also reported, and using this information it is possible to get the
13260 MAC address of all network interfaces in the machines.  This is useful
13261 to update the DHCP configuration.</p>
13262
13263 <p>To give some idea how to use sitesummary, here is a one-liner to
13264 ist all MAC addresses of all machines reporting to sitesummary.  Run
13265 this on the collector host:</p>
13266
13267 <blockquote><pre>
13268 perl -MSiteSummary -e 'for_all_hosts(sub { print join(" ", get_macaddresses(shift)), "\n"; });'
13269 </pre></blockquote>
13270
13271 <p>This will list all MAC addresses assosiated with all machine, one
13272 line per machine and with space between the MAC addresses.</p>
13273
13274 <p>To allow system administrators easier job at adding static DHCP
13275 addresses for hosts, it would be possible to extend this to fetch
13276 machine information from sitesummary and update the DHCP and DNS
13277 tables in LDAP using this information.  Such tool is unfortunately not
13278 written yet.</p>
13279
13280       </div>
13281       <div class="tags">
13282
13283
13284         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
13285
13286
13287       </div>
13288     </div>
13289     <div class="padding"></div>
13290
13291     <div class="entry">
13292       <div class="title">
13293         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Forcing_new_users_to_change_their_password_on_first_login.html">Forcing new users to change their password on first login</a>
13294       </div>
13295       <div class="date">
13296          2nd May 2010
13297       </div>
13298       <div class="body">
13299         <p>One interesting feature in Active Directory, is the ability to
13300 create a new user with an expired password, and thus force the user to
13301 change the password on the first login attempt.</p>
13302
13303 <p>I'm not quite sure how to do that with the LDAP setup in Debian
13304 Edu, but did some initial testing with a local account.  The account
13305 and password aging information is available in /etc/shadow, but
13306 unfortunately, it is not possible to specify an expiration time for
13307 passwords, only a maximum age for passwords.</p>
13308
13309 <p>A freshly created account (using adduser test) will have these
13310 settings in /etc/shadow:</p>
13311
13312 <blockquote><pre>
13313 root@tjener:~# chage -l test
13314 Last password change                                    : May 02, 2010
13315 Password expires                                        : never
13316 Password inactive                                       : never
13317 Account expires                                         : never
13318 Minimum number of days between password change          : 0
13319 Maximum number of days between password change          : 99999
13320 Number of days of warning before password expires       : 7
13321 root@tjener:~#
13322 </pre></blockquote>
13323
13324 <p>The only way I could come up with to create a user with an expired
13325 account, is to change the date of the last password change to the
13326 lowest value possible (January 1th 1970), and the maximum password age
13327 to the difference in days between that date and today.  To make it
13328 simple, I went for 30 years (30 * 365 = 10950) and January 2th (to
13329 avoid testing if 0 is a valid value).</p>
13330
13331 <p>After using these commands to set it up, it seem to work as
13332 intended:</p>
13333
13334 <blockquote><pre>
13335 root@tjener:~# chage -d 1 test; chage -M 10950 test
13336 root@tjener:~# chage -l test
13337 Last password change                                    : Jan 02, 1970
13338 Password expires                                        : never
13339 Password inactive                                       : never
13340 Account expires                                         : never
13341 Minimum number of days between password change          : 0
13342 Maximum number of days between password change          : 10950
13343 Number of days of warning before password expires       : 7
13344 root@tjener:~#
13345 </pre></blockquote>
13346
13347 <p>So far I have tested this with ssh and console, and kdm (in
13348 Squeeze) login, and all ask for a new password before login in the
13349 user (with ssh, I was thrown out and had to log in again).</p>
13350
13351 <p>Perhaps we should set up something similar for Debian Edu, to make
13352 sure only the user itself have the account password?</p>
13353
13354 <p>If you want to comment on or help out with implementing this for
13355 Debian Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
13356
13357 <p>Update 2010-05-02 17:20: Paul Tötterman tells me on IRC that the
13358 shadow(8) page in Debian/testing now state that setting the date of
13359 last password change to zero (0) will force the password to be changed
13360 on the first login.  This was not mentioned in the manual in Lenny, so
13361 I did not notice this in my initial testing.  I have tested it on
13362 Squeeze, and '<tt>chage -d 0 username</tt>' do work there.  I have not
13363 tested it on Lenny yet.</p>
13364
13365 <p>Update 2010-05-02-19:05: Jim Paris tells me via email that an
13366 equivalent command to expire a password is '<tt>passwd -e
13367 username</tt>', which insert zero into the date of the last password
13368 change.</p>
13369
13370       </div>
13371       <div class="tags">
13372
13373
13374         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet</a>.
13375
13376
13377       </div>
13378     </div>
13379     <div class="padding"></div>
13380
13381     <div class="entry">
13382       <div class="title">
13383         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Thoughts_on_roaming_laptop_setup_for_Debian_Edu.html">Thoughts on roaming laptop setup for Debian Edu</a>
13384       </div>
13385       <div class="date">
13386         28th April 2010
13387       </div>
13388       <div class="body">
13389         <p>For some years now, I have wondered how we should handle laptops in
13390 Debian Edu.  The Debian Edu infrastructure is mostly designed to
13391 handle stationary computers, and less suited for computers that come
13392 and go.</p>
13393
13394 <p>Now I finally believe I have an sensible idea on how to adjust
13395 Debian Edu for laptops, by introducing a new profile for them, for
13396 example called Roaming Workstations.  Here are my thought on this.
13397 The setup would consist of the following:</p>
13398
13399 <ul>
13400
13401  <li>During installation, the user name of the owner / primary user of
13402    the laptop is requested and a local home directory is set up for
13403    the user, with uid and gid information fetched from the LDAP
13404    server.  This allow the user to work also when offline.  The
13405    central home directory can be available in a subdirectory on
13406    request, for example mounted via CIFS.  It could be mounted
13407    automatically when a user log in while on the Debian Edu network,
13408    and unmounted when the machine is taken away (network down,
13409    hibernate, etc), it can be set up to do automatic mounting on
13410    request (using autofs), or perhaps some GUI button on the desktop
13411    can be used to access it when needed.  Perhaps it is enough to use
13412    the fish protocol in KDE?</li>
13413
13414  <li>Password checking is set up to use LDAP or Kerberos
13415    authentication when the machine is on the Debian Edu network, and
13416    to cache the password for offline checking when the machine unable
13417    to reach the LDAP or Kerberos server.  This can be done using
13418    <a href="http://www.padl.com/OSS/pam_ccreds.html">libpam-ccreds</a>
13419    or the Fedora developed
13420    <a href="https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/SSSD">System
13421    Security Services Daemon</a> packages.</li>
13422
13423  <li>File synchronisation with the central home directory is set up
13424    using a shared directory in both the local and the central home
13425    directory, using unison.</li>
13426
13427  <li>Printing should be set up to print to all printers broadcasting
13428    their existence on the local network, and should then work out of
13429    the box with CUPS.  For sites needing accurate printer quotas, some
13430    system with Kerberos authentication or printing via ssh could be
13431    implemented.</li>
13432
13433  <li>For users that should have local root access to their laptop,
13434    sudo should be used to allow this to the local user.</li>
13435
13436  <li>It would be nice if user and group information from LDAP is
13437    cached on the client, but given that there are entries for the
13438    local user and primary group in /etc/, it should not be needed.</li>
13439
13440 </ul>
13441
13442 <p>I believe all the pieces to implement this are in Debian/testing at
13443 the moment.  If we work quickly, we should be able to get this ready
13444 in time for the Squeeze release to freeze.  Some of the pieces need
13445 tweaking, like libpam-ccreds should get support for pam-auth-update
13446 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/566718">#566718</a>) and nslcd (or
13447 perhaps debian-edu-config) should get some integration code to stop
13448 its daemon when the LDAP server is unavailable to avoid long timeouts
13449 when disconnected from the net.  If we get Kerberos enabled, we need
13450 to make sure we avoid long timeouts there too.</p>
13451
13452 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
13453 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
13454
13455       </div>
13456       <div class="tags">
13457
13458
13459         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13460
13461
13462       </div>
13463     </div>
13464     <div class="padding"></div>
13465
13466     <div class="entry">
13467       <div class="title">
13468         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Kerberos_for_Debian_Edu_Squeeze_.html">Kerberos for Debian Edu/Squeeze?</a>
13469       </div>
13470       <div class="date">
13471         14th April 2010
13472       </div>
13473       <div class="body">
13474         <p><a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20100413-kerberos/">Yesterdays
13475 NUUG presentation</a> about Kerberos was inspiring, and reminded me
13476 about the need to start using Kerberos in Skolelinux.  Setting up a
13477 Kerberos server seem to be straight forward, and if we get this in
13478 place a long time before the Squeeze version of Debian freezes, we
13479 have a chance to migrate Skolelinux away from NFSv3 for the home
13480 directories, and over to an architecture where the infrastructure do
13481 not have to trust IP addresses and machines, and instead can trust
13482 users and cryptographic keys instead.</p>
13483
13484 <p>A challenge will be integration and administration.  Is there a
13485 Kerberos implementation for Debian where one can control the
13486 administration access in Kerberos using LDAP groups?  With it, the
13487 school administration will have to maintain access control using flat
13488 files on the main server, which give a huge potential for errors.</p>
13489
13490 <p>A related question I would like to know is how well Kerberos and
13491 pam-ccreds (offline password check) work together.  Anyone know?</p>
13492
13493 <p>Next step will be to use Kerberos for access control in Lwat and
13494 Nagios.  I have no idea how much work that will be to implement.  We
13495 would also need to document how to integrate with Windows AD, as such
13496 shared network will require two Kerberos realms that need to cooperate
13497 to work properly.</p>
13498
13499 <p>I believe a good start would be to start using Kerberos on the
13500 skolelinux.no machines, and this way get ourselves experience with
13501 configuration and integration.  A natural starting point would be
13502 setting up ldap.skolelinux.no as the Kerberos server, and migrate the
13503 rest of the machines from PAM via LDAP to PAM via Kerberos one at the
13504 time.</p>
13505
13506 <p>If you would like to contribute to get this working in Skolelinux,
13507 I recommend you to see the video recording from yesterdays NUUG
13508 presentation, and start using Kerberos at home.  The video show show
13509 up in a few days.</p>
13510
13511       </div>
13512       <div class="tags">
13513
13514
13515         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13516
13517
13518       </div>
13519     </div>
13520     <div class="padding"></div>
13521
13522     <div class="entry">
13523       <div class="title">
13524         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/After_6_years_of_waiting__the_Xreset_d_feature_is_implemented.html">After 6 years of waiting, the Xreset.d feature is implemented</a>
13525       </div>
13526       <div class="date">
13527          6th March 2010
13528       </div>
13529       <div class="body">
13530         <p>6 years ago, as part of the Debian Edu development I am involved
13531 in, I asked for a hook in the kdm and gdm setup to run scripts as root
13532 when the user log out.  A bug was submitted against the xfree86-common
13533 package in 2004 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/230422">#230422</a>),
13534 and revisited every time Debian Edu was working on a new release.
13535 Today, this finally paid off.</p>
13536
13537 <p>The framework for this feature was today commited to the git
13538 repositry for the xorg package, and the git repository for xdm has
13539 been updated to use this framework.  Next on my agenda is to make sure
13540 kdm and gdm also add code to use this framework.</p>
13541
13542 <p>In Debian Edu, we want to ability to run commands as root when the
13543 user log out, to get rid of runaway processes and do general cleanup
13544 after a user.  With this framework in place, we finally can do that in
13545 a generic way that work with all display managers using this
13546 framework.  My goal is to get all display managers in Debian use it,
13547 similar to how they use the Xsession.d framework today.<p>
13548
13549       </div>
13550       <div class="tags">
13551
13552
13553         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13554
13555
13556       </div>
13557     </div>
13558     <div class="padding"></div>
13559
13560     <div class="entry">
13561       <div class="title">
13562         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Lenny_released__work_continues.html">Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Lenny released, work continues</a>
13563       </div>
13564       <div class="date">
13565         11th February 2010
13566       </div>
13567       <div class="body">
13568         <p>On Tuesday, the Debian/Lenny based version of
13569 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> was finally
13570 shipped.  This was a major leap forward for the project, and I am very
13571 pleased that we finally got the release wrapped up.  Work on the first
13572 point release starts imediately, as we plan to get that one out a
13573 month after the major release, to include all fixes for bugs we found
13574 and fixed too late in the release process to include last Tuesday.</p>
13575
13576 <p>Perhaps it even is time for some partying?</p>
13577
13578 <p>After this first point release, my plan is to focus again on the
13579 next major release, based on Squeeze.  We will try to get as many of
13580 the fixes we need into the official Debian packages before the freeze,
13581 and have just a few weeks or months to make it happen.</p>
13582
13583       </div>
13584       <div class="tags">
13585
13586
13587         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13588
13589
13590       </div>
13591     </div>
13592     <div class="padding"></div>
13593
13594     <div class="entry">
13595       <div class="title">
13596         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_Munin_and_Nagios_configuration.html">Automatic Munin and Nagios configuration</a>
13597       </div>
13598       <div class="date">
13599         27th January 2010
13600       </div>
13601       <div class="body">
13602         <p>One of the new features in the next Debian/Lenny based release of
13603 Debian Edu/Skolelinux, which is scheduled for release in the next few
13604 days, is automatic configuration of the service monitoring system
13605 Nagios.  The previous release had automatic configuration of trend
13606 analysis using Munin, and this Lenny based release take that a step
13607 further.</p>
13608
13609 <p>When installing a Debian Edu Main-server, it is automatically
13610 configured as a Munin and Nagios server.  In addition, it is
13611 configured to be a server for the
13612 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/SiteSummary">SiteSummary
13613 system</a> I have written for use in Debian Edu.  The SiteSummary
13614 system is inspired by a system used by the University of Oslo where I
13615 work.  In short, the system provide a centralised collector of
13616 information about the computers on the network, and a client on each
13617 computer submitting information to this collector.  This allow for
13618 automatic information on which packages are installed on each machine,
13619 which kernel the machines are using, what kind of configuration the
13620 packages got etc.  This also allow us to automatically generate Munin
13621 and Nagios configuration.</p>
13622
13623 <p>All computers reporting to the sitesummary collector with the
13624 munin-node package installed is automatically enabled as a Munin
13625 client and graphs from the statistics collected from that machine show
13626 up automatically on http://www/munin/ on the Main-server.</p>
13627
13628 <p>All non-laptop computers reporting to the sitesummary collector are
13629 automatically monitored for network presence (ping and any network
13630 services detected).  In addition, all computers (also laptops) with
13631 the nagios-nrpe-server package installed and configured the way
13632 sitesummary would configure it, are monitored for full disks, software
13633 raid status, swap free and other checks that need to run locally on
13634 the machine.</p>
13635
13636 <p>The result is that the administrator on a school using Debian Edu
13637 based on Lenny will be able to check the health of his installation
13638 with one look at the Nagios settings, without having to spend any time
13639 keeping the Nagios configuration up-to-date.</p>
13640
13641 <p>The only configuration one need to do to get Nagios up and running
13642 is to set the password used to get access via HTTP.  The system
13643 administrator need to run "<tt>htpasswd /etc/nagios3/htpasswd.users
13644 nagiosadmin</tt>" to create a nagiosadmin user and set a password for
13645 it to be able to log into the Nagios web pages.  After that,
13646 everything is taken care of.</p>
13647
13648       </div>
13649       <div class="tags">
13650
13651
13652         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
13653
13654
13655       </div>
13656     </div>
13657     <div class="padding"></div>
13658
13659     <div class="entry">
13660       <div class="title">
13661         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Opphavet_til_Skolelinux_prosjektet.html">Opphavet til Skolelinux-prosjektet</a>
13662       </div>
13663       <div class="date">
13664         17th December 2009
13665       </div>
13666       <div class="body">
13667         <p>De færreste er klar over at Skolelinux-prosjektet kom som et resultat
13668 av en avgjørelse på årsmøtet i
13669 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">NUUG</a> i 2000-06-29, der Håkon Wium
13670 Lie, da varamedlem i styret, tok på seg oppdraget om å starte et
13671 initiativ kalt "Teach the Teacher", som skulle være et initiativ for
13672 å få fri programvare og unix-lignende operativsystemer inn i Skolen.
13673 Tanken var at en måtte starte med lærerne for at ungene skulle få
13674 mulighet til å møte en bedre IT-hverdag.  Jeg var tilstede på
13675 møtet, og hadde sans for ideen, men intet skjedde.  På vårparten
13676 2001 ble det arrangert en demonstrasjon i anledning at First Tuesday
13677 hadde invitert Microsoft til et møte for å fortelle om fremtidens
13678 Internet.  Dette provoserte endel av oss, og EFN og NUUG tok initiativ
13679 til å arrangere
13680 <a href="http://www.digi.no/60982/first-tuesday-mote-med-microsoft-protest">en
13681 demonstrasjon utenfor lokalene 2001-05-21</a>.  Blant de som sto bak
13682 demonstrasjonen var Vidar Bakke fra NUUG og Håkon W. Lie fra EFN.
13683 Etter demonstrasjonen arrangerte Håkon en fest hjemme hos seg der alle
13684 som hadde vært aktive i demonstrasjonsplanlegging og gjennomføringen
13685 deltok.  Før festen var jeg blitt lei av å vente på at Håkon skulle ta
13686 initiativ til "Teach the Teacher", og for å forsøke å få litt fremgang
13687 besteme jeg meg for å benytte anledningen hos Håkon til å snakke om
13688 behovet for å hjelpe skolene i gang med bedre datasystemer bestående
13689 av fri programvare og unix-lignende operativsystemer.  Flere var
13690 interessert, og Knut Yrvin tenkte på ideen.  Han
13691 <a href="http://developer.skolelinux.no/brev/2001-06-28-invitasjon-skolelinux.txt">ropte
13692 sammen</a> til et stiftelsesmøte i prosjektet i sin arbeidsgivers
13693 Objectwares lokaler ved Ullevål stadion 2001-07-02, og jeg ble med.
13694 Resten er historie. :)</p>
13695
13696       </div>
13697       <div class="tags">
13698
13699
13700         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13701
13702
13703       </div>
13704     </div>
13705     <div class="padding"></div>
13706
13707     <div class="entry">
13708       <div class="title">
13709         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_operativt_webbasert_medlemsregister_for_Fri_programvare_i_skolen.html">Endelig operativt webbasert medlemsregister for Fri programvare i skolen</a>
13710       </div>
13711       <div class="date">
13712          2nd November 2009
13713       </div>
13714       <div class="body">
13715         <p>Under helgens utviklersamling i
13716 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.no/">Skolelinux</a> fikk jeg endelig
13717 satt meg ned sammen med Ronny Aasen i styret for å få et webbasert
13718 medlemsregister tilbake på plass for foreningen som passer på
13719 skolelinuxprosjektet.  Etter flere års knot og problemer, er nå
13720 memberdb satt opp og klart til bruk.  Import av det gamle
13721 medlemsregisteret har vist seg vanskelig, så alle medlemmer bes om å
13722 registrere seg på nytt.  Hvis du støtter FRiSKs formål så er du
13723 hjertelig velkommen til
13724 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">å melde deg
13725 inn</a>. Formålet lyder:</p>
13726
13727 <blockquote>Linux i skolen skal tilrettelegge for og informere om bruk
13728 av fri programvare, i henhold til Debian Free Software Guidelines av
13729 2002-02-03, i den norske skolen, slik som f.eks. Linux og
13730 GNU.</blockquote>
13731
13732       </div>
13733       <div class="tags">
13734
13735
13736         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
13737
13738
13739       </div>
13740     </div>
13741     <div class="padding"></div>
13742
13743     <div class="entry">
13744       <div class="title">
13745         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Returning_from_Skolelinux_developer_gathering.html">Returning from Skolelinux developer gathering</a>
13746       </div>
13747       <div class="date">
13748         29th March 2009
13749       </div>
13750       <div class="body">
13751         <p>I'm sitting on the train going home from this weekends Debian
13752 Edu/Skolelinux development gathering.  I got a bit done tuning the
13753 desktop, and looked into the dynamic service location protocol
13754 implementation avahi.  It look like it could be useful for us.  Almost
13755 30 people participated, and I believe it was a great environment to
13756 get to know the Skolelinux system.  Walter Bender, involved in the
13757 development of the Sugar educational platform, presented his stuff and
13758 also helped me improve my OLPC installation.  He also showed me that
13759 his Turtle Art application can be used in standalone mode, and we
13760 agreed that I would help getting it packaged for Debian.  As a
13761 standalone application it would be great for Debian Edu.  We also
13762 tried to get the video conferencing working with two OLPCs, but that
13763 proved to be too hard for us.  The application seem to need more work
13764 before it is ready for me.  I look forward to getting home and relax
13765 now. :)</p>
13766
13767       </div>
13768       <div class="tags">
13769
13770
13771         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13772
13773
13774       </div>
13775     </div>
13776     <div class="padding"></div>
13777
13778     <div class="entry">
13779       <div class="title">
13780         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">Time for new  LDAP schemas replacing RFC 2307?</a>
13781       </div>
13782       <div class="date">
13783         29th March 2009
13784       </div>
13785       <div class="body">
13786         <p>The state of standardized LDAP schemas on Linux is far from
13787 optimal.  There is RFC 2307 documenting one way to store NIS maps in
13788 LDAP, and a modified version of this normally called RFC 2307bis, with
13789 some modifications to be compatible with Active Directory.  The RFC
13790 specification handle the content of a lot of system databases, but do
13791 not handle DNS zones and DHCP configuration.</p>
13792
13793 <p>In <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux</a>,
13794 we would like to store information about users, SMB clients/hosts,
13795 filegroups, netgroups (users and hosts), DHCP and DNS configuration,
13796 and LTSP configuration in LDAP.  These objects have a lot in common,
13797 but with the current LDAP schemas it is not possible to have one
13798 object per entity.  For example, one need to have at least three LDAP
13799 objects for a given computer, one with the SMB related stuff, one with
13800 DNS information and another with DHCP information.  The schemas
13801 provided for DNS and DHCP are impossible to combine into one LDAP
13802 object.  In addition, it is impossible to implement quick queries for
13803 netgroup membership, because of the way NIS triples are implemented.
13804 It just do not scale.  I believe it is time for a few RFC
13805 specifications to cleam up this mess.</p>
13806
13807 <p>I would like to have one LDAP object representing each computer in
13808 the network, and this object can then keep the SMB (ie host key), DHCP
13809 (mac address/name) and DNS (name/IP address) settings in one place.
13810 It need to be efficently stored to make sure it scale well.</p>
13811
13812 <p>I would also like to have a quick way to map from a user or
13813 computer and to the net group this user or computer is a member.</p>
13814
13815 <p>Active Directory have done a better job than unix heads like myself
13816 in this regard, and the unix side need to catch up.  Time to start a
13817 new IETF work group?</p>
13818
13819       </div>
13820       <div class="tags">
13821
13822
13823         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13824
13825
13826       </div>
13827     </div>
13828     <div class="padding"></div>
13829
13830     <div class="entry">
13831       <div class="title">
13832         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_er_Debian_Lenny_gitt_ut.html">Endelig er Debian Lenny gitt ut</a>
13833       </div>
13834       <div class="date">
13835         15th February 2009
13836       </div>
13837       <div class="body">
13838         <p>Endelig er <a href="http://www.debian.org/">Debian</a>
13839 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2009/20090214">Lenny</a> gitt ut.
13840 Et langt steg videre for Debian-prosjektet, og en rekke nye
13841 programpakker blir nå tilgjengelig for de av oss som bruker den
13842 stabile utgaven av Debian.  Neste steg er nå å få
13843 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> /
13844 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/">Debian Edu</a> ferdig
13845 oppdatert for den nye utgaven, slik at en oppdatert versjon kan
13846 slippes løs på skolene.  Takk til alle debian-utviklerne som har
13847 gjort dette mulig.  Endelig er f.eks. fungerende avhengighetsstyrt
13848 bootsekvens tilgjengelig i stabil utgave, vha pakken
13849 <tt>insserv</tt>.</p>
13850
13851       </div>
13852       <div class="tags">
13853
13854
13855         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
13856
13857
13858       </div>
13859     </div>
13860     <div class="padding"></div>
13861
13862     <div class="entry">
13863       <div class="title">
13864         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_norsk_stavekontroll_med_st_tte_for_ord_med_bindestrek.html">Endelig norsk stavekontroll med støtte for ord med bindestrek</a>
13865       </div>
13866       <div class="date">
13867         26th December 2008
13868       </div>
13869       <div class="body">
13870         <p>Etter flere års mislykkede forsøk på å skrive om byggesystemet for
13871 <a href="http://no.speling.org/">den norske stavekontrollen for bokmål
13872 og nynorsk</a> til å ikke bruke bindestrek som ordskillemarkør, lyktes jeg
13873 endelig første juledag.  Bruken av bindestrek som ordskillemarkør har
13874 gjort det umulig å få med ord med bindestrek i
13875 stavekontrolldatagrunnlaget, slik at ord som e-post og CD-spiller ikke
13876 kunne godtas av stavekontrollen.  Hadde litt tid til overs å bruke på
13877 stavekontrollen, og satte meg ned med to kopier av byggsystemet og en
13878 liten testdatafil, og byttet ut - med = på utvalgte steder i
13879 byggsystemet og datafilen helt til jeg fikk samme resultat med det
13880 gamle og det nye byggsystemet.  Dette tror jeg var forsøk 4, der de
13881 foregående har feilet uten at jeg klarte å forstå hvorfor.  Det sier
13882 kanskje litt om kompleksiteten i det originale byggsystemet som Rune
13883 Kleveland laget i sin tid.</p>
13884
13885 <p>Etter å ha endret byggsystemet, var neste steg å importere ordene
13886 med bindestrek.  Vi har en rekke slike i databasene for
13887 <a href="http://tyge.sslug.dk/~korsvoll/nb.speling.org/htdocs/">bokmål</a>
13888 og
13889 <a href="http://tyge.sslug.dk/~korsvoll/nn.speling.org/htdocs/">nynorsk</a>
13890 for korrektur av datagrunnlaget for stavekontrollen, og etter importen
13891 skulle nå 10350 nye ord bli godkjent som korrekt stavede ord av
13892 stavekontrollen.</p>
13893
13894       </div>
13895       <div class="tags">
13896
13897
13898         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
13899
13900
13901       </div>
13902     </div>
13903     <div class="padding"></div>
13904
13905     <div class="entry">
13906       <div class="title">
13907         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Devcamp_brought_us_closer_to_the_Lenny_based_Debian_Edu_release.html">Devcamp brought us closer to the Lenny based Debian Edu release</a>
13908       </div>
13909       <div class="date">
13910          7th December 2008
13911       </div>
13912       <div class="body">
13913         <p>This weekend we had a small developer gathering for Debian Edu in
13914 Oslo.  Most of Saturday was used for the general assemly for the
13915 member organization, but the rest of the weekend I used to tune the
13916 LTSP installation.  LTSP now work out of the box on the 10-network.
13917 Acer Aspire One proved to be a very nice thin client, with both
13918 screen, mouse and keybard in a small box.  Was working on getting the
13919 diskless workstation setup configured out of the box, but did not
13920 finish it before the weekend was up.</p>
13921
13922 <p>Did not find time to look at the 4 VGA cards in one box we got from
13923 the Brazilian group, so that will have to wait for the next
13924 development gathering.  Would love to have the Debian Edu installer
13925 automatically detect and configure a multiseat setup when it find one
13926 of these cards.</p>
13927
13928       </div>
13929       <div class="tags">
13930
13931
13932         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp</a>.
13933
13934
13935       </div>
13936     </div>
13937     <div class="padding"></div>
13938
13939     <div class="entry">
13940       <div class="title">
13941         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_sorry_state_of_multimedia_browser_plugins_in_Debian.html">The sorry state of multimedia browser plugins in Debian</a>
13942       </div>
13943       <div class="date">
13944         25th November 2008
13945       </div>
13946       <div class="body">
13947         <p>Recently I have spent some time evaluating the multimedia browser
13948 plugins available in Debian Lenny, to see which one we should use by
13949 default in Debian Edu.  We need an embedded video playing plugin with
13950 control buttons to pause or stop the video, and capable of streaming
13951 all the multimedia content available on the web.  The test results and
13952 notes are available on
13953 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/BrowserMultimedia">the
13954 Debian wiki</a>.  I was surprised how few of the plugins are able to
13955 fill this need.  My personal video player favorite, VLC, has a really
13956 bad plugin which fail on a lot of the test pages.  A lot of the MIME
13957 types I would expect to work with any free software player (like
13958 video/ogg), just do not work.  And simple formats like the
13959 audio/x-mplegurl format (m3u playlists), just isn't supported by the
13960 totem and vlc plugins.  I hope the situation will improve soon.  No
13961 wonder sites use the proprietary Adobe flash to play video.</p>
13962
13963 <p>For Lenny, we seem to end up with the mplayer plugin.  It seem to
13964 be the only one fitting our needs. :/</p>
13965
13966       </div>
13967       <div class="tags">
13968
13969
13970         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
13971
13972
13973       </div>
13974     </div>
13975     <div class="padding"></div>
13976
13977     <p style="text-align: right;"><a href="debian edu.rss"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/xml.gif" alt="RSS Feed" width="36" height="14" /></a></p>
13978     <div id="sidebar">
13979
13980
13981
13982 <h2>Archive</h2>
13983 <ul>
13984
13985 <li>2014
13986 <ul>
13987
13988 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/01/">January (2)</a></li>
13989
13990 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/02/">February (3)</a></li>
13991
13992 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/03/">March (8)</a></li>
13993
13994 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/04/">April (7)</a></li>
13995
13996 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/05/">May (1)</a></li>
13997
13998 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/06/">June (2)</a></li>
13999
14000 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/07/">July (2)</a></li>
14001
14002 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/08/">August (2)</a></li>
14003
14004 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/09/">September (5)</a></li>
14005
14006 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/10/">October (3)</a></li>
14007
14008 </ul></li>
14009
14010 <li>2013
14011 <ul>
14012
14013 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/01/">January (11)</a></li>
14014
14015 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/02/">February (9)</a></li>
14016
14017 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/03/">March (9)</a></li>
14018
14019 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/04/">April (6)</a></li>
14020
14021 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/05/">May (9)</a></li>
14022
14023 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/06/">June (10)</a></li>
14024
14025 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/07/">July (7)</a></li>
14026
14027 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/08/">August (3)</a></li>
14028
14029 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/09/">September (5)</a></li>
14030
14031 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/10/">October (7)</a></li>
14032
14033 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/11/">November (9)</a></li>
14034
14035 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/12/">December (3)</a></li>
14036
14037 </ul></li>
14038
14039 <li>2012
14040 <ul>
14041
14042 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/01/">January (7)</a></li>
14043
14044 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/02/">February (10)</a></li>
14045
14046 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/03/">March (17)</a></li>
14047
14048 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/04/">April (12)</a></li>
14049
14050 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/05/">May (12)</a></li>
14051
14052 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/06/">June (20)</a></li>
14053
14054 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/07/">July (17)</a></li>
14055
14056 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/08/">August (6)</a></li>
14057
14058 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/09/">September (9)</a></li>
14059
14060 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/10/">October (17)</a></li>
14061
14062 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/11/">November (10)</a></li>
14063
14064 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/12/">December (7)</a></li>
14065
14066 </ul></li>
14067
14068 <li>2011
14069 <ul>
14070
14071 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/01/">January (16)</a></li>
14072
14073 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/02/">February (6)</a></li>
14074
14075 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/03/">March (6)</a></li>
14076
14077 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/04/">April (7)</a></li>
14078
14079 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/05/">May (3)</a></li>
14080
14081 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/06/">June (2)</a></li>
14082
14083 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/07/">July (7)</a></li>
14084
14085 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/08/">August (6)</a></li>
14086
14087 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/09/">September (4)</a></li>
14088
14089 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/10/">October (2)</a></li>
14090
14091 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/11/">November (3)</a></li>
14092
14093 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/12/">December (1)</a></li>
14094
14095 </ul></li>
14096
14097 <li>2010
14098 <ul>
14099
14100 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/01/">January (2)</a></li>
14101
14102 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/02/">February (1)</a></li>
14103
14104 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/03/">March (3)</a></li>
14105
14106 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/04/">April (3)</a></li>
14107
14108 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/05/">May (9)</a></li>
14109
14110 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/06/">June (14)</a></li>
14111
14112 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/07/">July (12)</a></li>
14113
14114 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/08/">August (13)</a></li>
14115
14116 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/09/">September (7)</a></li>
14117
14118 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/10/">October (9)</a></li>
14119
14120 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/11/">November (13)</a></li>
14121
14122 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/12/">December (12)</a></li>
14123
14124 </ul></li>
14125
14126 <li>2009
14127 <ul>
14128
14129 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/01/">January (8)</a></li>
14130
14131 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/02/">February (8)</a></li>
14132
14133 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/03/">March (12)</a></li>
14134
14135 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/04/">April (10)</a></li>
14136
14137 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/05/">May (9)</a></li>
14138
14139 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/06/">June (3)</a></li>
14140
14141 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/07/">July (4)</a></li>
14142
14143 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/08/">August (3)</a></li>
14144
14145 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/09/">September (1)</a></li>
14146
14147 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/10/">October (2)</a></li>
14148
14149 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/11/">November (3)</a></li>
14150
14151 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/12/">December (3)</a></li>
14152
14153 </ul></li>
14154
14155 <li>2008
14156 <ul>
14157
14158 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/11/">November (5)</a></li>
14159
14160 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/12/">December (7)</a></li>
14161
14162 </ul></li>
14163
14164 </ul>
14165
14166
14167
14168 <h2>Tags</h2>
14169 <ul>
14170
14171  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/3d-printer">3d-printer (13)</a></li>
14172
14173  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/amiga">amiga (1)</a></li>
14174
14175  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/aros">aros (1)</a></li>
14176
14177  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bankid">bankid (4)</a></li>
14178
14179  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bitcoin">bitcoin (8)</a></li>
14180
14181  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem (14)</a></li>
14182
14183  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bsa">bsa (2)</a></li>
14184
14185  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/chrpath">chrpath (2)</a></li>
14186
14187  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian (106)</a></li>
14188
14189  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu (150)</a></li>
14190
14191  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/digistan">digistan (10)</a></li>
14192
14193  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/dld">dld (15)</a></li>
14194
14195  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook (12)</a></li>
14196
14197  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/drivstoffpriser">drivstoffpriser (4)</a></li>
14198
14199  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english (258)</a></li>
14200
14201  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fiksgatami">fiksgatami (21)</a></li>
14202
14203  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fildeling">fildeling (12)</a></li>
14204
14205  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture (13)</a></li>
14206
14207  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freedombox">freedombox (8)</a></li>
14208
14209  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/frikanalen">frikanalen (11)</a></li>
14210
14211  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju (41)</a></li>
14212
14213  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram (10)</a></li>
14214
14215  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kart">kart (19)</a></li>
14216
14217  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap (9)</a></li>
14218
14219  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker (8)</a></li>
14220
14221  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lsdvd">lsdvd (2)</a></li>
14222
14223  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp (1)</a></li>
14224
14225  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/mesh network">mesh network (8)</a></li>
14226
14227  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia (31)</a></li>
14228
14229  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk (248)</a></li>
14230
14231  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug (162)</a></li>
14232
14233  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn (11)</a></li>
14234
14235  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/open311">open311 (2)</a></li>
14236
14237  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett (48)</a></li>
14238
14239  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern (75)</a></li>
14240
14241  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/raid">raid (1)</a></li>
14242
14243  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reactos">reactos (1)</a></li>
14244
14245  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reprap">reprap (11)</a></li>
14246
14247  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rfid">rfid (3)</a></li>
14248
14249  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/robot">robot (9)</a></li>
14250
14251  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rss">rss (1)</a></li>
14252
14253  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ruter">ruter (4)</a></li>
14254
14255  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/scraperwiki">scraperwiki (2)</a></li>
14256
14257  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet (41)</a></li>
14258
14259  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary (4)</a></li>
14260
14261  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/skepsis">skepsis (4)</a></li>
14262
14263  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard (45)</a></li>
14264
14265  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll (3)</a></li>
14266
14267  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stortinget">stortinget (9)</a></li>
14268
14269  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance (26)</a></li>
14270
14271  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sysadmin">sysadmin (2)</a></li>
14272
14273  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/valg">valg (8)</a></li>
14274
14275  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video (43)</a></li>
14276
14277  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/vitenskap">vitenskap (4)</a></li>
14278
14279  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web (33)</a></li>
14280
14281 </ul>
14282
14283
14284     </div>
14285     <p style="text-align: right">
14286  Created by <a href="http://steve.org.uk/Software/chronicle">Chronicle v4.6</a>
14287 </p>
14288
14289   </body>
14290 </html>