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  13  <h1>
  14      <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/">Petter Reinholdtsen</a>
  15
  16  </h1>
  17
  18 </div>
  19
  20
  21     <h3>Entries tagged "debian edu".</h3>
  22
  23     <div class="entry">
  24       <div class="title">
  25         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Roger_Marsal.html">Debian Edu interview: Roger Marsal</a>
  26       </div>
  27       <div class="date">
  28         30th March 2014
  29       </div>
  30       <div class="body">
  31         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
  32 keep gaining new users.  Some weeks ago, a person showed up on IRC,
  33 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/#debian-edu">#debian-edu</a>, with a
  34 wish to contribute, and I managed to get a interview with this great
  35 contributor Roger Marsal to learn more about his background.</p>
  36
  37 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
  38
  39 <p>My name is Roger Marsal, I'm 27 years old (1986 generation) and I
  40 live in Barcelona, Spain. I've got a strong business background and I
  41 work as a patrimony manager and as a real estate agent.  Additionally,
  42 I've co-founded a British based tech company that is nowadays on the
  43 last development phase of a new social networking concept.</p>
  44
  45 <p>I'm a Linux enthusiast that started its journey with Ubuntu four years
  46 ago and have recently switched to Debian seeking rock solid stability
  47 and as a necessary step to gain expertise.</p>
  48
  49 <p>In a nutshell, I spend my days working and learning as much as I
  50 can to face both my job, entrepreneur project and feed my Linux
  51 hunger.</p>
  52
  53 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
  54 project?</strong></p>
  55
  56 <p>I discovered the <a href="http://www.ltsp.org/">LTSP</a> advantages
  57 with "Ubuntu 12.04 alternate install" and after a year of use I
  58 started looking for an alternative.  Even though I highly value and
  59 respect the Ubuntu project, I thought it was necessary for me to
  60 change to a more robust and stable alternative.  As far as I was using
  61 Debian on my personal laptop I thought it would be fine to install
  62 Debian and configure an LTSP server myself.  Surprised, I discovered
  63 that the Debian project also supported a kind of Edubuntu equivalent,
  64 and after having some pain I obtained a Debian Edu network up and
  65 running.  I just loved it.</p>
  66
  67 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
  68 Edu?</strong></p>
  69
  70 <p>I found a main advantage in that, once you know "the tips and
  71 tricks", a new installation just works out of the box. It's the most
  72 complete alternative I've found to create an LTSP network. All the
  73 other distributions seems to be made of plastic, Debian Edu seems to
  74 be made of steel.</p>
  75
  76 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
  77 Edu?</strong></p>
  78
  79 <p>I found two main disadvantages.</p>
  80
  81 <p>I'm not an expert but I've got notions and I had to spent a considerable
  82 amount of time trying to bring up a standard network topology. I'm quite
  83 stubborn and I just worked until I did but I'm sure many people with few
  84 resources (not big schools, but academies for example) would have switched
  85 or dropped.</p>
  86
  87 <p>It's amazing how such a complex system like Debian Edu has achieved
  88 this out-of-the-box state. Even though tweaking without breaking gets
  89 more difficult, as more factors have to be considered. This can
  90 discourage many people too.</p>
  91
  92 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
  93
  94 <p>I use Debian, Firefox, Okular, Inkscape, LibreOffice and
  95 Virtualbox.</p>
  96
  97
  98 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
  99 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
 100
 101 <p>I don't think there is a need for a particular strategy. The free
 102 attribute in both "freedom" and "no price" meanings is what will
 103 really bring free software to schools. In my experience I can think of
 104 the <a href="http://www.r-project.org/">"R" statistical language</a>; a
 105 few years a ago was an extremely nerd tool for university people.
 106 Today it's being increasingly used to teach statistics at many
 107 different level of studies.  I believe free and open software will
 108 increasingly gain popularity, but I'm sure schools will be one of the
 109 first scenarios where this will happen.</p>
 110
 111       </div>
 112       <div class="tags">
 113
 114
 115         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
 116
 117
 118       </div>
 119     </div>
 120     <div class="padding"></div>
 121
 122     <div class="entry">
 123       <div class="title">
 124         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_add_extra_storage_servers_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux.html">How to add extra storage servers in Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
 125       </div>
 126       <div class="date">
 127         12th March 2014
 128       </div>
 129       <div class="body">
 130         <p>On larger sites, it is useful to use a dedicated storage server for
 131 storing user home directories and data.  The design for handling this
 132 in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>, is
 133 to update the automount rules in LDAP and let the automount daemon on
 134 the clients take care of the rest.  I was reminded about the need to
 135 document this better when one of the customers of
 136 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a>, where I am
 137 on the board of directors, asked about how to do this.  The steps to
 138 get this working are the following:</p>
 139
 140 <p><ol>
 141
 142 <li>Add new storage server in DNS.  I use nas-server.intern as the
 143 example host here.</li>
 144
 145 <li>Add automoun LDAP information about this server in LDAP, to allow
 146 all clients to automatically mount it on reqeust.</li>
 147
 148 <li>Add the relevant entries in tjener.intern:/etc/fstab, because
 149 tjener.intern do not use automount to avoid mounting loops.</li>
 150
 151 </ol></p>
 152
 153 <p>DNS entries are added in GOsa², and not described here.  Follow the
 154 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/GettingStarted">instructions
 155 in the manual</a> (Machine Management with GOsa² in section Getting
 156 started).</p>
 157
 158 <p>Ensure that the NFS export points on the server are exported to the
 159 relevant subnets or machines:</p>
 160
 161 <p><blockquote><pre>
 162 root@tjener:~# showmount -e nas-server
 163 Export list for nas-server:
 164 /storage         10.0.0.0/8
 165 root@tjener:~#
 166 </pre></blockquote></p>
 167
 168 <p>Here everything on the backbone network is granted access to the
 169 /storage export.  With NFSv3 it is slightly better to limit it to
 170 netgroup membership or single IP addresses to have some limits on the
 171 NFS access.</p>
 172
 173 <p>The next step is to update LDAP.  This can not be done using GOsa²,
 174 because it lack a module for automount.  Instead, use ldapvi and add
 175 the required LDAP objects using an editor.</p>
 176
 177 <p><blockquote><pre>
 178 ldapvi --ldap-conf -ZD '(cn=admin)' -b ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
 179 </pre></blockquote></p>
 180
 181 <p>When the editor show up, add the following LDAP objects at the
 182 bottom of the document.  The "/&" part in the last LDAP object is a
 183 wild card matching everything the nas-server exports, removing the
 184 need to list individual mount points in LDAP.</p>
 185
 186 <p><blockquote><pre>
 187 add cn=nas-server,ou=auto.skole,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
 188 objectClass: automount
 189 cn: nas-server
 190 automountInformation: -fstype=autofs --timeout=60 ldap:ou=auto.nas-server,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
 191
 192 add ou=auto.nas-server,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
 193 objectClass: top
 194 objectClass: automountMap
 195 ou: auto.nas-server
 196
 197 add cn=/,ou=auto.nas-server,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
 198 objectClass: automount
 199 cn: /
 200 automountInformation: -fstype=nfs,tcp,rsize=32768,wsize=32768,rw,intr,hard,nodev,nosuid,noatime nas-server.intern:/&
 201 </pre></blockquote></p>
 202
 203 <p>The last step to remember is to mount the relevant mount points in
 204 tjener.intern by adding them to /etc/fstab, creating the mount
 205 directories using mkdir and running "mount -a" to mount them.</p>
 206
 207 <p>When this is done, your users should be able to access the files on
 208 the storage server directly by just visiting the
 209 /tjener/nas-server/storage/ directory using any application on any
 210 workstation, LTSP client or LTSP server.</p>
 211
 212       </div>
 213       <div class="tags">
 214
 215
 216         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>.
 217
 218
 219       </div>
 220     </div>
 221     <div class="padding"></div>
 222
 223     <div class="entry">
 224       <div class="title">
 225         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Dominik_George.html">Debian Edu interview: Dominik George</a>
 226       </div>
 227       <div class="date">
 228         25th December 2013
 229       </div>
 230       <div class="body">
 231         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
 232 project</a> consist of both newcomers and old timers, and this time I
 233 was able to get an interview with a newcomer in the project who showed
 234 up on the IRC channel a few weeks ago to let us know about his
 235 successful installation of Debian Edu Wheezy in his School.  Say hello
 236 to <a href="https://www.ohloh.net/accounts/Natureshadow">Dominik
 237 George</a>.</p>
 238
 239 <!-- http://www.dominik-george.de/images/foto.jpg -->
 240
 241 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
 242
 243 <p>I am a 23 year-old student from Germany who has spent half of his
 244 life with open source. In "real life", I am, as already mentioned, a
 245 student in the fields of Computer Science, Electrical Engineering,
 246 Information Technologies and Anglistics. Due to my (only partially
 247 voluntary) huge engagement in the open source world, these things are
 248 a bit vacant right now however.</p>
 249
 250 <p>I also have been working as a project teacher at a Gymasnium
 251 (public school) for various years now. I took up that work some time
 252 around 2005 when still attending that school myself and have continued
 253 it until today. I also had been running the (kind of very advanced)
 254 network of that school together with a team of very interested and
 255 talented students in the age of 11 to 15 years, who took the chance to
 256 learn a lot about open source and networking before I left the school
 257 to help building another school's informational education concept from
 258 scratch.</p>
 259
 260 <p>That said, one might see me as a kind of "glue" between school kids
 261 and the elderly of teachers as well as between the open source
 262 ecosystem and the (even more complex) educational ecosystem.</p>
 263
 264 <p>When I am not busy with open source or education, I like Geocaching
 265 and cycling.</p>
 266
 267 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
 268 project?</strong></p>
 269
 270 <p>I think that happened some time around 2009 when I first attended
 271 <a href="http://www.froscon.org">FrOSCon</a> and visited the project
 272 booth. I think I wasn't too interested back then because I used to
 273 have an attitude of disliking software that does too much stuff on its
 274 own. Maybe I was too inexperienced to realise the upsides of an
 275 "out-of-the-box" solution ;).</p>
 276
 277 <p>The first time I actively talked to Skolelinux people was at
 278 <a href="http://www.openrheinruhr.de">OpenRheinRuhr</a> 2011 when the
 279 BiscuIT project, a home-grewn software used by my school for various
 280 really cool things from timetables and class contact lists to lunch
 281 ordering, student ID card printing and project elections first got to
 282 a stage where it could have been published. I asked the Skolelinux
 283 guys running the booth if the project were interested in it and gave a
 284 small demonstration, but there wasn't any real feedback and the guys
 285 seemed rather uninterested.</p>
 286
 287 <p>After I left the school where I developed the software, it got
 288 mostly lost, but I am now reimplementing it for my new school. I have
 289 reusability and compatibility in mind, and I hop there will be a new
 290 basis for contributing it to the Skolelinux project ;)!</p>
 291
 292 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 293 Edu?</strong></p>
 294
 295 <p>The most important advantage seems to be that it "just
 296 works". After overcoming some minor (but still very annoying) glitches
 297 in the installer, I got a fully functional, working school network,
 298 without the month-long hassle I experienced when setting all that up
 299 from scratch in earlier years. And above that, it rocked - I didn't
 300 have any real hardware at hand, because the school was just founded
 301 and has no money whatsoever, so I installed a combined server (main
 302 server, terminal services and workstation) in a VM on my personal
 303 notebook, bridging the LTSP network interface to the ethernet port,
 304 and then PXE-booted the Windows notebooks that were lying around from
 305 it. I could use 8 clients without any performance issues, by using a
 306 tiny little VM on a tiny little notebook. I think that's enough to say
 307 that it rocks!</p>
 308
 309 <p>Secondly, there are marketing reasons. Life's bad, and so no
 310 politician will ever permit a setup described as "Debian, an universal
 311 operating system, with some really cool educational tools" while they
 312 will be jsut fine with "Skolelinux, a single-purpose solution for your
 313 school network", even if both turn out to be the very same thing (yes,
 314 this is unfair towards the Skolelinux project, and must not be taken
 315 too seriously - you get the idea, anyway).</p>
 316
 317 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 318 Edu?</strong></p>
 319
 320 <p>I have not been involved with Skolelinux long enough to really
 321 answer this question in a fair way. Thus, please allow me to put it in
 322 other words: "What do you expect from Skolelinux to keep liking it?" I
 323 can list a few points about that:</p>
 324
 325 <ul>
 326
 327  <li>always strive to get all things integrated into Debian upstream
 328  <li>be open to discussion about changes and the like, even with newcomers
 329  <li>be helpful at being helpful ;)
 330
 331 </ul>
 332
 333 <p>I'm really sorry I cannot say much more about that :(!</p>
 334
 335 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
 336
 337 <p>First of all, all software I use is free and open. I have abandoned
 338 all non-free software (except for firmware on my darned phone) this
 339 year.</p>
 340
 341 <p>I run Debian GNU/Linux on all PC systems I use. On that, I mostly
 342 run text tools. I use
 343 <a href="https://www.mirbsd.org/mksh.htm">mksh</a> as shell,
 344 <a href="https://www.mirbsd.org/jupp.htm">jupp</a> as very advanced
 345 text editor (I even got the developer to help me write a script/macro
 346 based full-featured student management software with the two),
 347 <a href="http://mcabber.com/">mcabber</a> for XMPP and
 348 <a href="http://www.irssi.org/">irssi</a> for IRC. For that overly
 349 coloured world called the WWW, I use
 350 <a href="https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/new/">Iceweasel
 351 (Firefox)</a>. Oh, and <a href="http://www.mutt.org/">mutt</a> for
 352 e-mail.</p>
 353
 354 <p>However, while I am personally aware of the fact that text tools
 355 are more efficient and powerful than anything else, I also use (or at
 356 least operate) some tools that are suitable to bring open source to
 357 kids. One of these things is <a href="http://jappix.org/">Jappix</a>,
 358 which I already introduced to some kids even before they got aware of
 359 Facebook, making them see for themselves that they do not need
 360 Facebook now ;).</p>
 361
 362 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
 363 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
 364
 365 <p>Well, that's a two-sided thing. One side is what I believe, and one
 366 side is what I have experienced.</p>
 367
 368 <p>I believe that the right strategy is showing them the benefits. But
 369 that won't work out as long as the acceptance of free alternatives
 370 grows globally. What I mean is that if all the kids are almost forced
 371 to use Windows, Facebook, Skype, you name it at home, they will not
 372 see why they would want to use alternatives at school. I have seen
 373 students take seat in front of a fully-functional, modern Debian
 374 desktop that could do anything their Windows at home could do, and
 375 they jsut refused to use it because "Linux sucks". It is something
 376 that makes the council of our city spend around 600000 € to buy
 377 software - not including hardware, mind you - for operating school
 378 networks, and for installing a system that, as has been proved, does
 379 not work. For those of you readers who are good at maths, have you
 380 already found out how many lives could have been saved with that money
 381 if we had instead used it to bring education to parts of the world
 382 that need it? I have, and found it to be nothing less dramatic than
 383 plain criminal.</p>
 384
 385 <p>That said, the only feasible way appears to be the bottom up
 386 method. We have to bring free software to kids and parents. I have
 387 founded an association named
 388 <a href="https://www.teckids.org">Teckids</a> here in Germany that does
 389 just that. We organise several events for kids and adolescents in the
 390 area of free and open source software, for example the
 391 <a href="http://kids.froscon.org">FrogLabs</a>, which share staff with
 392 Teckids and are the youth programme of
 393 <a href="http://www.froscon.org">the Free and Open Source Software
 394 Conference (FrOSCon)</a>. We do a lot more than most other conferences
 395 - this year, we first offered the FrogLabs as a holiday camp for kids
 396 aged 10 to 16. It was a huge success, with approx. 30 kids taking part
 397 and learning with and about free software through a whole weekend. All
 398 of us had a lot of fun, and the results were really exciting.</p>
 399
 400 <p>Apart from that, we are preparing a campaign that is supposed to bring
 401 the message of free alternatives to stuff kids use every day to them and
 402 their parents, e.g. the use of Jabber / Jappix instead of Facebook and
 403 Skype. To make that possible, we are planning to get together a team of
 404 clever kids who understand very well what their peers need and can bring
 405 it across to them. So we will have a peer-driven network of adolescents
 406 who teach each other and collect feedback from the community of minors.
 407 We then take that feedback and our own experience to work closely with
 408 open source projects, such as Skolelinux or Jappix, at improving their
 409 software in a way that makes it more and more attractive for the target
 410 group. At least I hope that we will have good cooperation with
 411 Skolelinux in the future ;)!</p>
 412
 413 <p>So in conclusion, what I believe is that, if it weren't for the world
 414 being so bad, it should be very clear to the political decision makers
 415 that the only way to go nowadays is free software for various reasons,
 416 but I have learnt that the only way that seems to work is bottom up.</p>
 417
 418 <!--
 419
 420 >  * Who should be interviewed with this questions in the future?
 421
 422 That's probably the hardest question of them all, as I do not know the
 423 community. However, I would be willing to do the following:
 424
 425  <li>Run an interview with a German headteacher who is very open to
 426    free software, and also prefers it, but cannot really use it because
 427    of the decision makers above;
 428  <li>Run interviews with some kids, both with and without previous
 429    knowledge about free software
 430
 431 If that is wanted, just let me know ;).
 432
 433 -->
 434
 435       </div>
 436       <div class="tags">
 437
 438
 439         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
 440
 441
 442       </div>
 443     </div>
 444     <div class="padding"></div>
 445
 446     <div class="entry">
 447       <div class="title">
 448         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Klaus_Knopper.html">Debian Edu interview: Klaus Knopper</a>
 449       </div>
 450       <div class="date">
 451          6th December 2013
 452       </div>
 453       <div class="body">
 454         <p>It has been a while since I managed to publish the last interview,
 455 but the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
 456 Skolelinux</a> community is still going strong, and yesterday we even
 457 had a new school administrator show up on
 458 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/#debian-edu">#debian-edu</a> to share
 459 his success story with installing Debian Edu at their school.  This
 460 time I have been able to get some helpful comments from the creator of
 461 Knoppix, Klaus Knopper, who was involved in a Skolelinux project in
 462 Germany a few years ago.</p>
 463
 464 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
 465
 466 <p>I am Klaus Knopper.  I have a master degree in electrical
 467 engineering, and is currently professor in information management at
 468 the university of applied sciences Kaiserslautern / Germany and
 469 freelance Open Source software developer and consultant.</p>
 470
 471 <p>All of this is pretty much of the work I spend my days with. Apart
 472 from teaching, I'm also conducting some more or less experimental
 473 projects like the <a href="http://www.knoppix.org">Knoppix GNU/Linux live
 474 system</a> (Debian-based like Skolelinux),
 475 <a href="http://www.knopper.net/knoppix-adriane/index-en.html">ADRIANE</a>
 476 (a blind-friendly talking desktop system) and
 477 <a href="http://www.knopper.net/linbo/index-en.html">LINBO</a>
 478 (Linux-based network boot console, a fast remote install and repair
 479 system supporting various operating systems).</p>
 480
 481 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
 482 project?</strong></p>
 483
 484 <p>The credit for this have to go to Kurt Gramlich, who is the German
 485 coordinator for Skolelinux.  We were looking for an all-in-one open
 486 source community-supported distribution for schools, and Kurt
 487 introduced us to Skolelinux for this purpose.</p>
 488
 489 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 490 Edu?</strong></p>
 491
 492 <ul>
 493   <li>Quick installation,</li>
 494   <li>works (almost) out of the box,</li>
 495   <li>contains many useful software packages for teaching and learning,</li>
 496   <li>is a purely community-based distro and not controlled by a
 497     single company,</li>
 498   <li>has a large number of supporters and teachers who share their
 499     experience and problem solutions.</li>
 500 </ul>
 501
 502 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 503 Edu?</strong></p>
 504
 505 <ul>
 506   <li>Skolelinux is - as we had to learn - not easily upgradable to
 507   the next version.  Opposed to its genuine Debian base, upgrading to
 508   a new version means a full new installation from scratch to get it
 509   working again reliably.
 510
 511   <li>Skolelinux is based on Debian/stable, and therefore always a
 512   little outdated in terms of program versions compared to Edubuntu or
 513   similar educational Linux distros, which rather use Debian/testing
 514   as their base.
 515
 516   <li>Skolelinux has some very self-opinionated and stubborn default
 517   configuration which in my opinion adds unnecessary complexity and is
 518   not always suitable for a schools needs, the preset network
 519   configuration is actually a core definition feature of Skolelinux
 520   and not easy to change, so schools sometimes have to change their
 521   network configuration to make it "Skolelinux-compatible".
 522
 523   <li>Some proposed extensions, which were made available as
 524   contribution, like secure examination mode and lecture material
 525   distribution and collection, were not accepted into the mainline
 526   Skolelinux development and are now not easy to maintain in the
 527   future because of Skolelinux somewhat undeterministic update
 528   schemes.</li>
 529
 530   <li>Skolelinux has only a very tiny number of base developers
 531   compared to Debian.</li>
 532
 533 </ul>
 534
 535 <p>For these reasons and experience from our project, I would now
 536 rather consider using plain Debian for schools next time, until
 537 Skolelinux is more closely integrated into Debian and becomes
 538 upgradeable without reinstallation.</p>
 539
 540 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
 541
 542 <p>GNU/Linux with LXDE desktop, bash for interactive dialog and
 543 programming, texlive for documentation and correspondence,
 544 occasionally LibreOffice for document format conversion. Various
 545 programming languages for teaching.</p>
 546
 547 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
 548 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
 549
 550 <p>Strong arguments are</p>
 551
 552 <ul>
 553
 554   <li>Knowledge is free, and so should be methods and tools for
 555     teaching and learning.</li>
 556
 557   <li>Students can learn with and use the same software at school, at
 558     home, and at their working place without running into license or
 559     conversion problems.</li>
 560
 561   <li>Closed source or proprietary software hides knowledge rather
 562     than exposing it, and proprietary software vendors try to bind
 563     customers to certain products.  But teachers need to teach
 564     science, not products.</li>
 565
 566   <li>If you have everything you for daily work as open source, what
 567     would you need proprietary software for?</li>
 568
 569 </ul>
 570
 571       </div>
 572       <div class="tags">
 573
 574
 575         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
 576
 577
 578       </div>
 579     </div>
 580     <div class="padding"></div>
 581
 582     <div class="entry">
 583       <div class="title">
 584         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_7_1_install_and_overview_video_from_Marcelo_Salvador.html">Skolelinux / Debian Edu 7.1 install and overview video from Marcelo Salvador</a>
 585       </div>
 586       <div class="date">
 587          8th October 2013
 588       </div>
 589       <div class="body">
 590         <p>The other day I was pleased and surprised to discover that Marcelo
 591 Salvador had published a
 592 <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w-GgpdqgLFc">video on
 593 Youtube</a> showing how to install the standalone Debian Edu /
 594 Skolelinux profile.  This is the profile intended for use at home or
 595 on laptops that should not be integrated into the provided network
 596 services (no central home directory, no Kerberos / LDAP directory etc,
 597 in other word a single user machine).  The result is 11 minutes long,
 598 and show some user applications (seem to be rather randomly picked).
 599 Missed a few of my favorites like celestia, planets and chromium
 600 showing the <a href="http://www.zygotebody.com/">Zygote Body 3D model
 601 of the human body</a>, but I guess he did not know about those or find
 602 other programs more interesting. :) And the video do not show the
 603 advantages I believe is one of the most valuable featuers in Debian
 604 Edu, its central school server making it possible to run hundreds of
 605 computers without hard drives by installing one central
 606 <a href="http://www.ltsp.org/">LTSP server</a>.</p>
 607
 608 <p>Anyway, check out the video, embedded below and linked to above:</p>
 609
 610 <iframe width="420" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/w-GgpdqgLFc" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
 611
 612 <p>Are there other nice videos demonstrating Skolelinux?  Please let
 613 me know. :)</p>
 614
 615       </div>
 616       <div class="tags">
 617
 618
 619         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
 620
 621
 622       </div>
 623     </div>
 624     <div class="padding"></div>
 625
 626     <div class="entry">
 627       <div class="title">
 628         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Finally__Debian_Edu_Wheezy_is_released_today_.html">Finally, Debian Edu Wheezy is released today!</a>
 629       </div>
 630       <div class="date">
 631         29th September 2013
 632       </div>
 633       <div class="body">
 634         <p>A few hours ago, the announcement for the first stable release of
 635 Debian Edu Wheezy went out from the Debian publicity team.  The
 636 complete announcement text can be found at
 637 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2013/20130928">the Debian News
 638 section</a>, translated to several languages.  Please check it out.</p>
 639
 640 <p>There is one minor known problem that we will fix very soon.  One
 641 can not install a amd64 Thin Client Server using PXE, as the /var/
 642 partition is too small.  A workaround is to extend the partition (use
 643 lvresize + resize2fs in tty 2 while installing).</p>
 644
 645       </div>
 646       <div class="tags">
 647
 648
 649         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 650
 651
 652       </div>
 653     </div>
 654     <div class="padding"></div>
 655
 656     <div class="entry">
 657       <div class="title">
 658         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_and_probably_last_beta_release_of_Debian_Edu_Wheezy.html">Third and probably last beta release of Debian Edu Wheezy</a>
 659       </div>
 660       <div class="date">
 661         16th September 2013
 662       </div>
 663       <div class="body">
 664         <p>The third wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
 665 today.  This is the release announcement from Holger Levsen:</p>
 666
 667 <blockquote>
 668 <p>Hi,</p>
 669
 670 <p>it is my pleasure to announce the third beta release (beta 2 for
 671 short) of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
 672 Skolelinux</a> based on Debian Wheezy!</p>
 673
 674 <p>Please test these images extensivly, if no new problems are found
 675 we plan to do this final Debian Edu Wheezy release this coming
 676 weekend.  We are not aware of any major problems or blockers in beta2,
 677 if you find something, please notify us immediately!</p>
 678
 679 <p>(More about the remaining steps for the Edu Wheezy release in
 680 another mail to the edu list tonight or tomorrow...)</p>
 681
 682 <p>Noteworthy changes and software updates for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b2
 683 compared to beta1:</p>
 684
 685 <ul>
 686
 687 <li>The KDE proxy setup has been adjusted to use the provided wpad.dat. This
 688 also gets Chromium to use this proxy.</li>
 689 <li>Install kdepim-groupware with KDE desktops to make sure korganizer
 690 understand ical/dav sources.</li>
 691 <li>Increased default maximum size of /var/spool/squid and /skole/backup on the
 692 main server.</li>
 693 <li>A source DVD image containing all source packages is now available as well.</li>
 694 <li>Updates for chromium (29.0.1547.57-1~deb7u1), imagemagick
 695 (6.7.7.10-5+deb7u2), php5 (5.4.4-14+deb7u4), libmodplug
 696 (0.8.8.4-3+deb7u1+git20130828), tiff (4.0.2-6+deb7u2), linux-image
 697 (3.2.0-4-486_3.2.46-1+deb7u1).</li>
 698
 699 </ul>
 700
 701 <p>Where to get it:</p>
 702
 703 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
 704
 705 <ul>
 706 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso</a></li>
 707 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso</a></li>
 708 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso .</li>
 709 </ul>
 710
 711 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is:  3a1c89f4666df80eebcd46c5bf5fedb866f9472f</p>
 712
 713 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use
 714 <ul>
 715 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso</a></li>
 716 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso</a></li>
 717 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso .</li>
 718 </ul>
 719
 720 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 702d1718548f401c74bfa6df9f032cc3ee16597e</p>
 721
 722 <p>The Source DVD image has the filename
 723 debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-source-DVD.iso and the SHA1SUM
 724 089eed8b3f962db47aae1f6a9685e9bb2fa30ca5 and is available the same way
 725 as the other isos.</p>
 726
 727 <p>How to report bugs</p>
 728
 729 <p>For information how to report bugs please see
 730 <br><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
 731
 732
 733 <p>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</p>
 734
 735 <p>Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux, is a Linux distribution based
 736 on Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
 737 configured school network. Immediately after installation a school
 738 server running all services needed for a school network is set up just
 739 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
 740 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
 741 initial installation of the main server from CD or USB stick all other
 742 machines can be installed via the network. The provided school server
 743 provides LDAP database and Kerberos authentication service,
 744 centralized home directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other
 745 services.  The desktop contains more than 60 educational software
 746 packages and more are available from the Debian archive, and schools
 747 can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
 748
 749 <p>This is the seventh test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
 750 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
 751 Squeeze release.</p>
 752
 753 <p>Notes for upgrades from Alpha Prereleases</p>
 754
 755 <p>Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
 756 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
 757 release. Both alpha and beta0 based installations should reinstall or
 758 deal with gosa.conf manually; there are two options: (1) Keep
 759 gosa.conf and edit this file as outlined on the mailing list. (2)
 760 Accept the new version of gosa.conf and replace both contained admin
 761 password placeholders with the password hashes found in the old one
 762 (backup copy!). In both cases all users need to change their password
 763 to make sure a password is set for CIFS access to their home
 764 directory.</p>
 765
 766
 767 <p>cheers,
 768 <br>        Holger</p>
 769 </blockquote>
 770
 771       </div>
 772       <div class="tags">
 773
 774
 775         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 776
 777
 778       </div>
 779     </div>
 780     <div class="padding"></div>
 781
 782     <div class="entry">
 783       <div class="title">
 784         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_beta_release__beta_1__of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Second beta release (beta 1) of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
 785       </div>
 786       <div class="date">
 787         22nd August 2013
 788       </div>
 789       <div class="body">
 790         <p>The second wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
 791 today, slightly delayed because of some bugs in the initial Windows
 792 integration fixes .  This is the release announcement:</p>
 793
 794 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b1 released 2013-08-22</strong></p>
 795
 796 <p>These are the release notes for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
 797 7.1+edu0~b1, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
 798
 799 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
 800
 801 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
 802 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
 803 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
 804 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
 805 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
 806 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
 807 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
 808 the main server from CD or USB stick all other machines can be
 809 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
 810 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
 811 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
 812 desktop contains
 813 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
 814 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
 815 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
 816 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
 817
 818 <p>This is the sixth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically this
 819 is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the Squeeze
 820 release.</p>
 821
 822 <p>ALERT: Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
 823 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
 824 release. Both alpha and beta0 based installations should reinstall or
 825 deal with gosa.conf manually; there are two options: (1) Keep
 826 gosa.conf and edit this file as outlined
 827 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/2013/08/msg00127.html">on
 828 the mailing list</a>. (2) Accept the new version of gosa.conf and
 829 replace both contained admin password placeholders with the password
 830 hashes found in the old one (backup copy!). In both cases every user
 831 need to change their their password to make sure a password is set for
 832 CIFS access to their home directory.</p>
 833
 834 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
 835
 836 <ul>
 837
 838 <li>Added ssh askpass packages to default installation, to ensure ssh
 839     work also without a attached tty.</li>
 840 <li>Add the command-not-found package to the default installation to
 841     make it easier to figure out where to find missing command line
 842     tools. Please note, that the command 'update-command-not-found'
 843     has to be run as root to actually make it useful (internet access
 844     required).</li>
 845
 846 </ul>
 847
 848 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
 849
 850 <ul>
 851
 852 <li>Adjusted the USB stick ISO image build to include every tool
 853 needed for desktop=xfce installations.</li>
 854 <li>Adjust thin-client-server task to work when installing from USB
 855 stick ISO image.</li>
 856 <li>Made new grub artwork (changed png from indexed to RGB format).</li>
 857 <li>Minor cleanup in the CUPS setup.</li>
 858 <li>Make sure that bootstrapping of the Samba domain really happens
 859     during installation of the main server and adjust SID handling to
 860     cope with this.</li>
 861 <li>Make Samba passwords changeable (again) via GOsa².</li>
 862 <li>Fix generation of LM and NT password hashes via GOsa² to avoid
 863     empty password hashes.</li>
 864 <li>Adapted Samba machine domain joining to latest change in the
 865     smbldap-tools Perl package, fixing bugs blocking Windows machines
 866     from joining the Samba domain.</li>
 867
 868 </ul>
 869
 870 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
 871
 872 <ul>
 873
 874 <li>KDE fails to understand the wpad.dat file provided, causing it to
 875     not use the http proxy as it should.</li>
 876 <li>Chromium also fails to use the proxy when using the KDE desktop
 877     (using the KDE configuration).</li>
 878
 879 </ul>
 880
 881 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
 882
 883 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
 884
 885 <ul>
 886
 887 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso</a></li>
 888
 889 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso</a></li>
 890
 891 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso .</li>
 892
 893 </ul>
 894
 895 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 1e357f80b55e703523f2254adde6d78b
 896 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 7157f9be5fd27c7694d713c6ecfed61c3edda3b2</p>
 897
 898 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
 899
 900 <ul>
 901
 902 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso</a></li>
 903 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso</a></li>
 904 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso .</li>
 905
 906 </ul>
 907
 908 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 7a8408ead59cf7e3cef25afb6e91590b
 909 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: f1817c031f02790d5edb3bfa0dcf8451088ad119</p>
 910
 911
 912 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
 913
 914 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
 915
 916       </div>
 917       <div class="tags">
 918
 919
 920         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 921
 922
 923       </div>
 924     </div>
 925     <div class="padding"></div>
 926
 927     <div class="entry">
 928       <div class="title">
 929         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_beta_release_of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">First beta release of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
 930       </div>
 931       <div class="date">
 932         27th July 2013
 933       </div>
 934       <div class="body">
 935         <p>The first wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
 936 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
 937
 938 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b0 released
 939 2013-07-27</strong></p>
 940
 941 <p>These are the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
 942 7.1+edu0~b0, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
 943
 944 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
 945
 946 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
 947 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
 948 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
 949 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
 950 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
 951 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
 952 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
 953 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
 954 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
 955 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
 956 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
 957 desktop contains
 958 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
 959 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
 960 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
 961 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
 962
 963 <p>This is the fifth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
 964 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
 965 Squeeze release.</p>
 966
 967 <p>ALERT: Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
 968 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
 969 release.</p>
 970
 971 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
 972
 973 <ul>
 974
 975 <li>Switched roaming workstation profiles from wicd to network-manager
 976    for network configuration, as wicd didn't work any more.</li>
 977 <li>Changed version numbers of patched gosa and libpam-mklocaluser
 978    packages to make sure our locally patched versions will be replaced
 979    by the official packages when they are released from Debian. Those
 980    installing alpha version need to reinstall or manually downgrade gosa
 981    and libpam-mklocaluser.</li>
 982 <li>Added bluetooth tools to the default desktop (bluedevil, blueman).</li>
 983 <li>Added tools for sharing the desktop on KDE (krdc, krfb).</li>
 984 <li>Added valgrind to the default installation for easier debugging of
 985    crash bugs.</li>
 986
 987 </ul>
 988
 989 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
 990
 991 <ul>
 992
 993 <li>Fixed artwork package to work with gnome, no longer break
 994    desktop=gnome installations.</li>
 995 <li>Adjusted installer to now work when forced to use a proxy with the
 996    netinst CD.</li>
 997 <li>Fixed code detecting and setting/loading hardware specific
 998    setup/firmware to work more robust out of the box.</li>
 999 <li>Adjusted Kerberos setup to detect realm and server settings at
1000    install time instead of dynamically at run time. This avoid a crash
1001    with krb5-auth-dialog on diskless workstations without a DNS name.</li>
1002 <li>Worked around misfeature in network-manager not calling the dhclient
1003    exit hooks, causing automatic proxy configuration and automatic host
1004    name setting at run time to work again.</li>
1005 <li>Fixed feature setting the default Iceweasel start page from URL
1006    fetched from LDAP, to allow schools to set the global default by
1007    updating the dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no LDAP object.</li>
1008 <li>Changed default host name on all networked machines to be unique
1009    (generated from MAC or reverse DNS) after boot.</li>
1010 <li>Adjusted partition sizes to make sure they are big enough.</li>
1011
1012 </ul>
1013
1014 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
1015
1016 <ul>
1017
1018 <li>Grub is missing the new artwork.</li>
1019 <li>KDE fail to understand the wpad.dat file provided, causing it to
1020     not use the http proxy as it should.</li>
1021 <li>Chromium also fail to use the proxy.</li>
1022
1023 </ul>
1024
1025 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
1026
1027 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
1028
1029 <ul>
1030
1031 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso</a></li>
1032
1033 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso</a></li>
1034
1035 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso .</li>
1036
1037 </ul>
1038
1039 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 55d5de9765b6dccd5d9ec33cf1a07109
1040 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 996a1d9517740e4d627d100de2d12b23dd545a3f</p>
1041
1042 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
1043
1044 <ul>
1045
1046 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso</a></li>
1047 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso</a></li>
1048 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso .</li>
1049
1050 </ul>
1051
1052 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: d8f0818c51a78d357de794066f289f69
1053 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 49185ca354e8d0543240423746924f76a6cee733</p>
1054
1055
1056 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
1057
1058 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
1059
1060       </div>
1061       <div class="tags">
1062
1063
1064         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1065
1066
1067       </div>
1068     </div>
1069     <div class="padding"></div>
1070
1071     <div class="entry">
1072       <div class="title">
1073         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/July_13th__Debian_Ubuntu_BSP_and_Skolelinux_Debian_Edu_developer_gathering_in_Oslo.html">July 13th: Debian/Ubuntu BSP and Skolelinux/Debian Edu developer gathering in Oslo</a>
1074       </div>
1075       <div class="date">
1076          9th July 2013
1077       </div>
1078       <div class="body">
1079         <p>The upcoming Saturday, 2013-07-13, we are organising a combined
1080 Debian Edu developer gathering and Debian and Ubuntu bug squashing
1081 party in Oslo.  It is organised by <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">the
1082 member assosiation NUUG</a> and
1083 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">the Debian Edu / Skolelinux
1084 project</a> together with <a href="http://bitraf.no/">the hack space
1085 Bitraf</a>.</p>
1086
1087 <p>It starts 10:00 and continue until late evening.  Everyone is
1088 welcome, and there is no fee to participate.  There is on the other
1089 hand limited space, and only room for 30 people.  Please put your name
1090 on <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/BSP/2013/07/13/no/Oslo">the event
1091 wiki page</a> if you plan to join us.</p>
1092
1093       </div>
1094       <div class="tags">
1095
1096
1097         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
1098
1099
1100       </div>
1101     </div>
1102     <div class="padding"></div>
1103
1104     <div class="entry">
1105       <div class="title">
1106         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fourth_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Fourth alpha release of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
1107       </div>
1108       <div class="date">
1109          3rd July 2013
1110       </div>
1111       <div class="body">
1112         <p>The fourth wheezy based alpha release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
1113 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
1114
1115 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~alpha3 released
1116 2013-07-03</strong></p>
1117
1118 <p>These are the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
1119 7.1+edu0~alpha3, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
1120
1121 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
1122
1123 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
1124 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
1125 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
1126 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
1127 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
1128 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
1129 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
1130 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
1131 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
1132 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
1133 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
1134 desktop contains
1135 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
1136 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
1137 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
1138 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
1139
1140 <p>This is the fourth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
1141 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
1142 Squeeze release.</p>
1143
1144 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
1145 <ul>
1146   <li>Dropped ispell dictionaries from our default installation.</li>
1147   <li>Dropped menu-xdg from the KDE desktop option, to drop the Debian
1148     submenu.  It was not included with Gnome, LXDE or Xfce, so this
1149     brings KDE in line with the others.</li>
1150   <li>Dropped xdrawchem, xjig and xsok from our default installation as
1151     they don't have a desktop menu entry and thus won't show up in the
1152     menu now that menu-xdg was removed.</li>
1153   <li>Removed the killer system to kill left behind processes on
1154     multi-user machines, as it was no longer able to understand when a
1155     X display was in use and killed the processes of the active users
1156     too.</li>
1157   <li>Dropped the golearn (from goplay) package as the debtags in wheezy
1158     are too few to make the package useful.</li>
1159 </ul>
1160 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
1161 <ul>
1162   <li>Updated artwork matching http://wiki.debian.org/DebianArt/Themes/Joy
1163   <li>Multi-arch i386/amd64 USB stick ISO available.</li>
1164   <li>Got rid of ispell/wordlist related debconf questions that showed
1165     up for some language options.</li>
1166   <li>Switched to using http.debian.net as APT source by default.</li>
1167   <li>Fixed proxy configuration on Main Server installations.</li>
1168   <li>Changed LTSP setup to ask dpkg to use force-unsafe-io the same way
1169     d-i is doing it.</li>
1170   <li>Made sure root and user passwords were not left behind in the
1171     debconf database after installation on Main Server installations.</li>
1172   <li>Made Roaming Workstation dynamic setup more robust and added draft
1173     script setup-ad-client to hook a Roaming Workstation up to a
1174     Active Directory server instead of a Debian Edu Main Server.</li>
1175   <li>Update system to install needed firmware packages during
1176     installation, to work properly in Wheezy.</li>
1177   <li>Update system to handle hardware quirks (debian-edu-hwsetup).</li>
1178   <li>Corrected PXE installation setup to properly pass selected desktop
1179     and keymap settings to PXE installation clients.</li>
1180   <li>LTSP diskless workstations use sshfs by default, allowing them to
1181     work without adding them to DNS and NIS netgroups for NFS access.</li>
1182 </ul>
1183 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
1184 <ul>
1185   <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
1186     available yet (698840).</li>
1187   <li>Artwork not enabled for all desktops.</li>
1188 </ul>
1189 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
1190
1191 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
1192 <ul>
1193   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso</a></li>
1194   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso</a></li>
1195   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso .</li>
1196 </ul>
1197
1198 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 2b161a99d2a848c376d8d04e3854e30c
1199 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 498922e9c508c0a7ee9dbe1dfe5bf830d779c3c8</p>
1200
1201 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
1202 <ul>
1203   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso</a></li>
1204   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso</a></li>
1205   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso .</li>
1206 </ul>
1207
1208 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 25e808e403a4c15dbef1d13c37d572ac
1209 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 15ecfc93eb6b4f453b7eb0bc04b6a279262d9721</p>
1210
1211 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
1212
1213 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
1214
1215       </div>
1216       <div class="tags">
1217
1218
1219         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1220
1221
1222       </div>
1223     </div>
1224     <div class="padding"></div>
1225
1226     <div class="entry">
1227       <div class="title">
1228         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_value_of_a_good_distro_wide_test_suite___.html">The value of a good distro wide test suite...</a>
1229       </div>
1230       <div class="date">
1231         22nd June 2013
1232       </div>
1233       <div class="body">
1234         <p>In the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
1235 Skolelinux</a> project, we include a post-installation test suite,
1236 which check that services are running, working, and return the
1237 expected results.  It runs automatically just after the first boot on
1238 test installations (using test ISOs), but not on production
1239 installations (using non-test ISOs).  It test that the LDAP service is
1240 operating, Kerberos is responding, DNS is replying, file systems are
1241 online resizable, etc, etc.  And it check that the PXE service is
1242 configured, which is the topic of this post.</p>
1243
1244 <p>The last week I've fixed the DVD and USB stick ISOs for our Debian
1245 Edu Wheezy release.  These ISOs are supposed to be able to install a
1246 complete system without any Internet connection, but for that to
1247 happen all the needed packages need to be on them.  Thanks to our test
1248 suite, I discovered that we had forgotten to adjust our PXE setup to
1249 cope with the new names and paths used by the netboot d-i packages.
1250 When Internet connectivity was available, the installer fall back to
1251 using wget to fetch d-i boot images, but when offline it require
1252 working packages to get it working.  And the packages changed name
1253 from debian-installer-6.0-netboot-$arch to
1254 debian-installer-7.0-netboot-$arch, we no longer pulled in the
1255 packages during installation.  Without our test suite, I suspect we
1256 would never have discovered this before release.  Now it is fixed
1257 right after we got the ISOs operational.</p>
1258
1259 <p>Another by-product of the test suite is that we can ask system
1260 administrators with problems getting Debian Edu to work, to run the
1261 test suite using <tt>/usr/sbin/debian-edu-test-install</tt> and see if
1262 any errors are detected.  This usually pinpoint the subsystem causing
1263 the problem.</p>
1264
1265 <p>If you want to help us help kids learn how to share and create,
1266 please join us on
1267 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu on
1268 irc.debian.org</a> and the
1269 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@</a> mailing
1270 list.</p>
1271
1272       </div>
1273       <div class="tags">
1274
1275
1276         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1277
1278
1279       </div>
1280     </div>
1281     <div class="padding"></div>
1282
1283     <div class="entry">
1284       <div class="title">
1285         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Victor_Ni_u.html">Debian Edu interview: Victor Nițu</a>
1286       </div>
1287       <div class="date">
1288         17th June 2013
1289       </div>
1290       <div class="body">
1291         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
1292 Skolelinux</a> distribution have users and contributors all around the
1293 globe.  And a while back, an enterprising young man showed up on
1294 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">our IRC channel
1295 #debian-edu</a> and started asking questions about how Debian Edu
1296 worked.  We answered as good as we could, and even convinced him to
1297 help us with translations.  And today I managed to get an interview
1298 with him, to learn more about him.</p>
1299
1300 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
1301
1302 <p>I'm a 25 year old free software enthusiast, living in Romania,
1303 which is also my country of origin. Back in 2009, at a New Year's Eve
1304 party, I had a very nice <strike>beer</strike> discussion with a
1305 friend, when we realized we have no organised Debian community in our
1306 country. A few days later, we put together the infrastructure for such
1307 community and even gathered a nice Debian-ish crowd. Since then, I
1308 began my quest as a free software hacker and activist and I am
1309 constantly trying to cover as much ground as possible on that
1310 field.</p>
1311
1312 <p>A few years ago I founded a small web development company, which
1313 provided me the flexible schedule I needed so much for my
1314 activities. For the last 13 months, I have been the Technical Director
1315 of <a href="http://ceata.org/">Fundația Ceata</a>, which is a free
1316 software activist organisation endorsed by the FSF and the FSFE, and
1317 the only one we have in our country.</p>
1318
1319 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
1320 project?</strong></p>
1321
1322 <p>The idea of participating in the Debian Edu project was a surprise
1323 even to me, since I never used it before I began getting involved in
1324 it. This year I had a great opportunity to deliver a talk on
1325 educational software, and I knew immediately where to look. It was a
1326 love at first sight, since I was previously involved with some of the
1327 technologies the project incorporates, and I rapidly found a lot of
1328 ways to contribute.</p>
1329
1330 <p>My first contributions consisted in translating the installer and
1331 configuration dialogs, then I found some bugs to squash (I still
1332 haven't fixed them yet though), and I even got my eyes on some other
1333 areas where I can prove myself helpful. Since the appetite for free
1334 software in my country is pretty low, I'll be happy to be the first
1335 one around here advocating for the project's adoption in educational
1336 environments, and maybe even get my hands dirty in creating a flavour
1337 for our own needs. I am not used to make very advanced plannings, so
1338 from now on, time will tell what I'll be doing next, but I think I
1339 have a pretty consistent starting point.</p>
1340
1341 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
1342 Edu?</strong></p>
1343
1344 <p>Not a long time ago, I was in the position of configuring and
1345 maintaining a LDAP server on some Debian derivative, and I must say it
1346 took me a while. A long time ago, I was maintaining a bigger
1347 Samba-powered infrastructure, and I must say I spent quite a lot of
1348 time on it. I have similar stories about many of the services included
1349 with Skolelinux, and the main advantage I see about it is the
1350 out-of-the box availability of them, making it quite competitive when
1351 it comes to managing a school's network, for example.</p>
1352
1353 <p>Of course, there is more to say about Skolelinux than the
1354 availability of the software included, its flexibility in various
1355 scenarios is something I can't wait to experiment "into the wild" (I
1356 only played with virtual machines so far). And I am sure there is a
1357 lot more I haven't discovered yet about it, being so new within the
1358 project.</p>
1359
1360 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1361 Edu?</strong></p>
1362
1363 <p>As usual, when it comes to Debian Blends, I see as the biggest
1364 disadvantage the lack of a numerous team dedicated to the
1365 project. Every day I see the same names in the changelogs, and I have
1366 a constantly fear of the bus factor in this story.  I'd like to see
1367 Debian Edu advertised more as an entry point into the Debian
1368 ecosystem, especially amongst newcomers and students. IMHO there are a
1369 lot low-hanging fruits in terms of bug squashing, and enough
1370 opportunities to get the feeling of the Debian Project's dynamics. Not
1371 to mention it's a very fun blend to work on!</p>
1372
1373 <p>Derived from the previous statement, is the delay in catching up
1374 with the main Debian release and documentation. This is common though
1375 to all blends and derivatives, but it's an issue we can all work
1376 on.</p>
1377
1378 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
1379
1380 <p>I can hardly imagine myself spending a day without Vim, since my
1381 daily routine covers writing code and hacking configuration files. I
1382 am a fan of the Awesome window manager (but I also like the
1383 Enlightenment project a lot!),
1384 <a href="http://www.claws-mail.org/‎">Claws Mail</a> due to its ease of
1385 use and very configurable behaviour. Recently I fell in love with
1386 <a href="https://launchpad.net/redshift">Redshift</a>, which helps me
1387 get through the night without headaches. Of course, there is much more
1388 stuff in this bag, but I'll need a blog on my own for doing this!</p>
1389
1390 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
1391 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
1392
1393 <p>Well, on this field, I cannot do much more than experiment right
1394 now. So, being far from having a recipe for success, I can only assume
1395 that:</p>
1396
1397 <ul>
1398
1399 <li>schools would like to get rid of proprietary software</li>
1400
1401 <li>students will love the openness of the system, and will want to
1402     experiment with it - maybe we need to harvest the native curiosity
1403     of teenagers more?</li>
1404
1405 <li>there is no "right one" when it comes to strategies, but it would
1406     be useful to have some success stories published somewhere, so
1407     other can get some inspiration from them (I know I'd promote
1408     them!)</li>
1409
1410 <li>more active promotion - talks, conferences, even small school
1411     lectures can do magical things if they encounter at least one
1412     person interested. Who knows who that person might be? ;-)</li>
1413
1414 </ul>
1415
1416 <p>I also see some problems in getting Skolelinux into schools; for
1417 example, in our country we have a great deal of corruption issues, so
1418 it might be hard(er) to fight against proprietary solutions. Also,
1419 people who relied on commercial software for all their lives, would be
1420 very hard to convert against their will.</p>
1421
1422       </div>
1423       <div class="tags">
1424
1425
1426         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
1427
1428
1429       </div>
1430     </div>
1431     <div class="padding"></div>
1432
1433     <div class="entry">
1434       <div class="title">
1435         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Jonathan_Carter.html">Debian Edu interview: Jonathan Carter</a>
1436       </div>
1437       <div class="date">
1438         12th June 2013
1439       </div>
1440       <div class="body">
1441         <p>There is a certain cross-over between the
1442 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
1443 project</a> and <a href="http://www.edubuntu.org/">the Edubuntu
1444 project</a>, and for example the LTSP packages in Debian are a joint
1445 effort between the projects.  One person with a foot in both camps is
1446 Jonathan Carter, which I am now happy to present to you.</p>
1447
1448 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
1449
1450 <p>I'm a South-African free software geek who lives in Cape Town. My
1451 days vary quite a bit since I'm involved in too many things. As I'm
1452 getting older I'm learning how to focus a bit more :)</p>
1453
1454 <p>I'm also an Edubuntu contributor and I love when there are
1455 opportunities for the Edubuntu and Debian Edu projects to benefit from
1456 each other.</p>
1457
1458 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
1459 project?</strong></p>
1460
1461 <p>I've been somewhat familiar with the project before, but I think my
1462 first direct exposure to the project was when I met Petter
1463 [Reinholdtsen] and Knut [Yrvin] at the Edubuntu summit in 2005 in
1464 London. They provided great feedback that helped the bootstrapping of
1465 Edubuntu. Back then Edubuntu (and even Ubuntu) was still very new and
1466 it was great getting input from people who have been around longer. I
1467 was also still very excitable and said yes to everything and to this
1468 day I have a big todo list backlog that I'm catching up with. I think
1469 over the years the relationship between Edubuntu and Debian-Edu has
1470 been gradually improving, although I think there's a lot that we could
1471 still improve on in terms of working together on packages. I'm sure
1472 we'll get there one day.</p>
1473
1474 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1475 Edu?</strong></p>
1476
1477 <p>Debian itself already has so many advantages. I could go on about
1478 it for pages, but in essence I love that it's a very honest project
1479 that puts its users first with no hidden agendas and also produces
1480 very high quality work.</p>
1481
1482 <p>I think the advantage of Debian Edu is that it makes many common
1483 set-up tasks simpler so that administrators can get up and running
1484 with a lot less effort and frustration. At the same time I think it
1485 helps to standardise installations in schools so that it's easier for
1486 community members and commercial suppliers to support.</p>
1487
1488 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1489 Edu?</strong></p>
1490
1491 <p>I had to re-type this one a few times because I'm trying to
1492 separate "disadvantages" from "areas that need improvement" (which is
1493 what I originally rambled on about)</p>
1494
1495 <p>The biggest disadvantage I can think of is lack of manpower. The
1496 project could do so much more if there were more good contributors. I
1497 think some of the problems are external too. Free software and free
1498 content in education is a no-brainer but it takes some time to catch
1499 on. When you've been working with the same proprietary eco-system for
1500 years and have gotten used to it, it can be hard to adjust to some
1501 concepts in the free software world. It would be nice if there were
1502 more Debian Edu consultants across the world. I'd love to be one
1503 myself but I'm already so over-committed that it's just not possible
1504 currently.</p>
1505
1506 <p>I think the best short-term solution to that large-scale problem is
1507 for schools to be pro-active and share their experiences and grow
1508 their skills in-house. I'm often saddened to see how much money
1509 educational institutions spend on 3rd party solutions that they don't
1510 have access to after the service has ended and they could've gotten so
1511 much more value otherwise by being more self-sustainable and
1512 autonomous.</p>
1513
1514 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
1515
1516 <p>My main laptop dual-boots between Debian and Windows 7. I was
1517 Windows free for years but started dual-booting again last year for
1518 some games which help me focus and relax (Starcraft II in
1519 particular). Gaming support on Linux is improving in leaps and bounds
1520 so I suppose I'll soon be able to regain that disk space :)</p>
1521
1522 <p>Besides that I rely on Icedove, Chromium, Terminator, Byobu, irssi,
1523 git, Tomboy, KVM, VLC and LibreOffice. Recently I've been torn on
1524 which desktop environment I like and I'm taking some refuge in Xfce
1525 while I figure that out. I like tools that keep things simple. I enjoy
1526 Python and shell scripting. I went to an Arduino workshop recently and
1527 it was awesome seeing how easy and simple the IDE software was to get
1528 up and running in Debian compared to the users running Windows and OS
1529 X.</p>
1530
1531 <p>I also use mc which some people frown upon slightly. I got used to
1532 using Norton Commander in the early 90's and it stuck (I think the
1533 people who sneer at it is just jealous that they don't know how to use
1534 it :p)
1535
1536 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
1537 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
1538
1539 <p>I think trying to force it is unproductive. I also think that in
1540 many cases it's appropriate for schools to use non-free systems and I
1541 don't think that there's any particular moral or ethical problem with
1542 that.</p>
1543
1544 <p>I do think though that free software can already solve so so many
1545 problems in educational institutions and it's just a shame not taking
1546 advantage of that.</p>
1547
1548 <p>I also think that some curricula need serious review. For example,
1549 some areas of the world rely heavily on very specific versions of MS
1550 Office, teaching students to parrot menu items instead of learning the
1551 general concepts. I think that's very unproductive because firstly, MS
1552 Office's interface changes drastically every few years and on top of
1553 that it also locks in a generation to a product that might not be the
1554 best solution for them.</p>
1555
1556 <p>To answer your question, I believe that the right strategy is to
1557 educate and inform, giving someone the information they require to
1558 make a decision that would work for them.</p>
1559
1560       </div>
1561       <div class="tags">
1562
1563
1564         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
1565
1566
1567       </div>
1568     </div>
1569     <div class="padding"></div>
1570
1571     <div class="entry">
1572       <div class="title">
1573         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Third alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
1574       </div>
1575       <div class="date">
1576         10th June 2013
1577       </div>
1578       <div class="body">
1579         <p>The third wheezy based alpha release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
1580 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
1581
1582 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.0.0 alpha2 released
1583 2013-06-10</strong></p>
1584
1585 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux 7.0.0 edu
1586 alpha2, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
1587
1588 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
1589
1590 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
1591 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
1592 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
1593 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
1594 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
1595 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
1596 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
1597 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
1598 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
1599 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
1600 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
1601 desktop contains
1602 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
1603 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
1604 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
1605 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
1606
1607 <p>This is the third test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
1608 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
1609 Squeeze release.</p>
1610
1611 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
1612
1613 <ul>
1614
1615 <li>Iceweasel was updated from 10 to 17. (DSA 2699-1)
1616 <li>Updated libxv (DSA-2674), libxvmc (DSA-2675), libxfixes (DSA-2676), libxrender (DSA-2677), mesa (DSA-2678), xserver-xorg-video-openchrome (DSA-2679), libxt (DSA-2680), libxcursor (DSA-2681), libxext (DSA-2682), libxi (DSA-2683), libxrandr (DSA-2684), libxp (DSA-2685), libxcb (DSA-2686), libfs (DSA-2687), libxres (DSA-2688), libxtst (DSA-2689), libxxf86dga (DSA-2690), libxinerama (DSA-2691), libxxf86vm (DSA-2692), libx11 (DSA-2693), chromium-browser (DSA-2695), gnutls26 (DSA-2697), wireshark (DSA-2700), krb5 (DSA-2701), telepathy-gabble (DSA-2702) and subversion (DSA-2703).
1617 <li>Switched xrdp on thin client servers to use tightvncserver instead of xvnc4.
1618 <li>Now install software oscilloscope xoscope by default.
1619 <li>Now install music tools gtick, lingot and pianobooster by default.
1620
1621 </ul>
1622
1623 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
1624
1625 <ul>
1626
1627 <li>The subnet-change script is now able to change all files needing a change on the main-server when changing the IP network used.
1628 <li>Updated translation of the installation.
1629 <li>New Romanian translation.
1630 <li>Fix security problem causing root and first user password to no longer show up in /var/cache/debconf/templates.dat.
1631 <li>Fix roaming workstation setup (Closed in libpam-mklocaluser/0.8, libpam-mklocaluser/0.8~deb7u1: #706753: libpam-mklocaluser: Fail to create local user during first login).
1632 <li>Made roaming workstation setup more robust in non-Debian Edu environments.
1633 <li>New script debian-edu-bless to transform a Debian installation to a Debian Edu profile.
1634 <li>Adjust Iceweasel setup to improve performance when $HOME is on NFS.
1635 <li>More testsuite tests.
1636 <li>Make automatic proxy configuration more robust.
1637 <li>Adjust GOsa² GUI configuration.
1638
1639 <li>Update thin client and diskless workstation setup to work with
1640 LTSP in Wheezy.</li>
1641
1642 <li>Diskless workstations now run out of the box -- no need to set
1643 them up with GOsa².</li>
1644
1645 <li>Update IMAP server setup. </li>
1646
1647 <li>Fix login into Skolelinux Backup Tool (Closed in
1648 slbackup-php/0.4.4-1: #700257: slbackup-php: Fails to submit correctly
1649 entered password). </li>
1650
1651 </ul>
1652
1653 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
1654
1655 <ul>
1656
1657 <li>DVD binary and source images are not yet ready.</li>
1658
1659 <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
1660 available yet (Open in gosa/2.7.4-4: #698840: gosa-plugin-ldapmanager:
1661 missing import feature).</li>
1662
1663 <li>Missing artwork for the KDE desktop (and probably a few others). </li>
1664
1665 <li>KDE Debian submenu lacks icons (Closed: #502192: menu-xdg: invents
1666 own icon names instead of using existing). This will remain
1667 unfixed.</li>
1668
1669 </ul>
1670
1671 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
1672
1673 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
1674
1675 <ul>
1676
1677 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso</a></li>
1678
1679 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso</a></li>
1680
1681 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso .</li>
1682
1683 </ul>
1684
1685 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 27bbcace407743382f3c42c08dbe8178
1686 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: e35f7d7908566cd3075375b3721fa10ee420d419</p>
1687
1688 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
1689
1690 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
1691
1692       </div>
1693       <div class="tags">
1694
1695
1696         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1697
1698
1699       </div>
1700     </div>
1701     <div class="padding"></div>
1702
1703     <div class="entry">
1704       <div class="title">
1705         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Is_there_a_PHP_expert_in_the_building___Debian_Edu_need_help_.html">Is there a PHP expert in the building?  Debian Edu need help!</a>
1706       </div>
1707       <div class="date">
1708          5th June 2013
1709       </div>
1710       <div class="body">
1711         <p>Here is a call for help from the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project.
1712 We have two problems blocking the release of the Wheezy version we
1713 hope to get released soon.  The two problems require some with PHP
1714 skills, and we seem to lack anyone with both time and PHP skills in
1715 the project:
1716
1717 <ol>
1718
1719 <li>It is impossible to log into the slbackup web interface
1720   (slbackup-php) using the root user and password.  This is
1721   <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/700257">BTS report #700257</a>.
1722   This used to work, but stopped working some time since Squeeze.
1723   Perhaps some obsolete PHP feature was used?</li>
1724
1725 <li>It is not possible to "mass import" user lists in Gosa, neither
1726   using ldif nor using CSV files.  The feature was disabled after a
1727   major rewrite of Gosa, and need to be ported to the new system.
1728   This is <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/698840">BTS report
1729   #698840</a>.</li>
1730
1731 </ol>
1732
1733 <p>If you can help us, please join us on IRC
1734 (<a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu on
1735 irc.debian.org</a>) and provide patches via the BTS.</p>
1736
1737       </div>
1738       <div class="tags">
1739
1740
1741         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1742
1743
1744       </div>
1745     </div>
1746     <div class="padding"></div>
1747
1748     <div class="entry">
1749       <div class="title">
1750         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__C_dric_Boutillier.html">Debian Edu interview: Cédric Boutillier</a>
1751       </div>
1752       <div class="date">
1753          4th June 2013
1754       </div>
1755       <div class="body">
1756         <p>It has been a while since my last English
1757 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
1758 interview last November.  But the developers and translators are still
1759 pulling along to get the Wheezy based release out the door, and this
1760 time I managed to get an interview from one of the French translators
1761 in the project, Cédric Boutillier.</p>
1762
1763 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
1764
1765 <p>I am 34 year old. I live near Paris, France. I am an assistant
1766 professor in probability theory. I spend my daytime teaching
1767 mathematics at the university and doing fundamental research in
1768 probability in connexion with combinatorics and statistical physics.</p>
1769
1770 <p>I have been involved in the Debian project for a couple of years
1771 and became Debian Developer a few months ago. I am working on Ruby
1772 packaging, publicity and translation.</p>
1773
1774 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
1775 project?</strong></p>
1776
1777 <p>I came to the Debian Edu project after a call for translation of
1778 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Manuals">the
1779 Debian Edu manual</a> for the release of Debian Edu Squeeze. Since
1780 then, I have been working on updating the French translation of the
1781 manual.
1782
1783 <p>I had the opportunity to make an installation of Debian Edu in a
1784 virtual machine when I was preparing localised version of some screen
1785 shots for the manual. I was amazed to see it worked out of the box and
1786 how comprehensive the list of software installed by default was.</p>
1787
1788 <p>What amazed me was the complete network infrastructure directly
1789 ready to use, which can and the nice administration interface provided
1790 by <a href="https://oss.gonicus.de/labs/gosa/">GOsa²</a>.  What pleased
1791 me also was the fact that among the software installed by default,
1792 there were many "traditional" educative software to learn languages,
1793 to count, to program... but also software to develop creativity and
1794 artistic skills with music (<a href="http://ardour.org/">Ardour</a>,
1795 <a href="http://audacity.sourceforge.net/">Audacity</a>) and
1796 movies/animation (I was especially thinking of
1797 <a href="http://linuxstopmotion.sourceforge.net/">Stopmotion</a>).</p>
1798
1799 <p>I am following the development of Debian Edu and am hanging out on
1800 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu</a>.
1801 Unfortunately, I don't much time to get more involved in this
1802 beautiful project.</p>
1803
1804 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1805 Edu?</strong></p>
1806
1807 <p>For me, the main advantages of Skolelinux/Debian Edu are its
1808 community of experts and its precise documentation, as well as the
1809 fact that it provides a solution ready to use.</p>
1810
1811 <p>I would add also the fact that it is based on the rock solid Debian
1812 distribution, which ensures stability and provides a huge collection
1813 of educational free software.</p>
1814
1815 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1816 Edu?</strong></p>
1817
1818 <p>Maybe the lack of manpower to do lobbying on the
1819 project. Sometimes, people who need to take decisions concerning IT do
1820 not have all the elements to evaluate properly free software
1821 solutions. The fact that support by a company may be difficult to find
1822 is probably a problem if the school does not have IT personnel.</p>
1823
1824 <p>One can find support from a company by looking at
1825 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Help/ProfessionalHelp">the
1826 wiki dokumentation</a>, where some countries already have a number of
1827 companies providing support for Debian Edu, like Germany or
1828 Norway. This list is easy to find readily from the manual. However,
1829 for other countries, like France, the list is empty. I guess that
1830 consultants proposing support for Debian would be able to provide some
1831 support for Debian Edu as well.</p>
1832
1833 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
1834
1835 <p>I am using the KDE Plasma Desktop. But the pieces of software I use
1836 most runs in a terminal: Mutt and OfflineIMAP for emails, latex for
1837 scientific documents, mpd for music. VIM is my editor of choice.  I am
1838 also using the mathematical software
1839 <a href="http://www.scilab.org/en/scilab/about‎">Scilab</a> and
1840 <a href="http://www.sagemath.org/index.html‎">Sage</a> (built from
1841 source as not completely packaged for Debian, yet).
1842
1843 <p><strong>Do you have any suggestions for teachers interested in
1844 using the free software in Debian to teach mathematics and
1845 statistics?</strong></p>
1846
1847 <p>I do not have any "nice" recommendations for statistics. At our
1848 university, we use both <a href="http://www.r-project.org/‎">R</a> and
1849 Scilab to teach statistics and probabilistic simulations. For
1850 geometry, there are nice programs:</p>
1851
1852 <ul>
1853
1854 <li><a href="http://www.drgeo.eu/">drgeo</a> and
1855 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/applications/all/kig‎">kig</a> to do
1856 constructions in planar geometry
1857
1858 <li><a href="http://www.geom.uiuc.edu/software/download/kali.html">kali</a>
1859 to discover symmetry groups (the so-called wallpapers and frieze
1860 groups), although the interface looks a bit old.</li>
1861
1862 </ul>
1863
1864 <p>I like also
1865 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/applications/all/cantor">cantor</a>, which
1866 provides a uniform interface to SciLab, Sage,
1867 <a href="http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Octave‎">Octave</a>, etc...</p>
1868
1869 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
1870 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
1871
1872 <p>My suggestions would be to</p>
1873
1874 <ul>
1875
1876 <li>advertise the reduction of costs when free software is used.</li>
1877
1878 <li>communicate about the quality of free software projects, using
1879     well known examples like Firefox, ThunderBird and
1880     OpenOffice.org/LibreOffice.</li>
1881
1882 <li>advertise the living and strong community around the project.</li>
1883
1884 <li>show that it is not more difficult to use than any other
1885     system.</li>
1886
1887 </ul>
1888
1889       </div>
1890       <div class="tags">
1891
1892
1893         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
1894
1895
1896       </div>
1897     </div>
1898     <div class="padding"></div>
1899
1900     <div class="entry">
1901       <div class="title">
1902         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">Educational applications included in Debian Edu / Skolelinux (the screenshot collection :-)</a>
1903       </div>
1904       <div class="date">
1905          1st June 2013
1906       </div>
1907       <div class="body">
1908         <p>Included in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
1909 Skolelinux</a>, there are quite a lot of educational software.
1910 Created to help teachers teach, and pupils learn.  We have tried to
1911 tag them all using debtags use::learning and role::program, and using
1912 the debtags I was happy to be able to create a collage of the
1913 educational software packages installed by default, sorted by the
1914 debtag field.  Here it is.  Click on a image to learn more about the
1915 program.</p>
1916
1917 <!-- for f in $(debtags tagcat|grep field::|awk '{print $2}'); do   echo; echo "<p><strong>$f</strong></p>"; echo "<p>";   (     for p in $(debtags search --names "use::learning && interface::x11 && role::program && $f"); do img="<img src='http://screenshots.debian.net/thumbnail/$p' alt='$p'>"; if dpkg -s $p > /dev/null 2>&1; then           echo "<a href='http://packages.qa.debian.org/$p'>$img</a>"; fi;     done;   ) | LANG=C sort; echo "</p>"; done -->
1918
1919 <p><strong>field::arts</strong></p>
1920 <p>
1921 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=audacity'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/audacity.png' alt='audacity'></a>
1922 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
1923 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=denemo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/denemo.png' alt='denemo'></a>
1924 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=freebirth'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/freebirth.png' alt='freebirth'></a>
1925 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
1926 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gimp'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gimp.png' alt='gimp'></a>
1927 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=hydrogen'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/hydrogen.png' alt='hydrogen'></a>
1928 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=lilypond'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/lilypond.png' alt='lilypond'></a>
1929 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=lmms'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/lmms.png' alt='lmms'></a>
1930 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=rosegarden'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/rosegarden.png' alt='rosegarden'></a>
1931 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scribus'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scribus.png' alt='scribus'></a>
1932 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=solfege'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/solfege.png' alt='solfege'></a>
1933 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=stopmotion'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/stopmotion.png' alt='stopmotion'></a>
1934 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=tuxpaint'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/tuxpaint.png' alt='tuxpaint'></a>
1935 </p>
1936
1937 <p><strong>field::astronomy</strong></p>
1938 <p>
1939 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=celestia-gnome'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/celestia-gnome.png' alt='celestia-gnome'></a>
1940 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gpredict'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gpredict.png' alt='gpredict'></a>
1941 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kstars'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kstars.png' alt='kstars'></a>
1942 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=planets'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/planets.png' alt='planets'></a>
1943 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=stellarium'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/stellarium.png' alt='stellarium'></a>
1944 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xplanet'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xplanet.png' alt='xplanet'></a>
1945 </p>
1946
1947 <p><strong>field::biology:structural</strong></p>
1948 <p>
1949 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=pymol'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/pymol.png' alt='pymol'></a>
1950 </p>
1951
1952 <p><strong>field::chemistry</strong></p>
1953 <p>
1954 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=atomix'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/atomix.png' alt='atomix'></a>
1955 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=chemtool'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/chemtool.png' alt='chemtool'></a>
1956 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=easychem'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/easychem.png' alt='easychem'></a>
1957 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gchempaint'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gchempaint.png' alt='gchempaint'></a>
1958 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gdis'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gdis.png' alt='gdis'></a>
1959 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=ghemical'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/ghemical.png' alt='ghemical'></a>
1960 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gperiodic'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gperiodic.png' alt='gperiodic'></a>
1961 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kalzium'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kalzium.png' alt='kalzium'></a>
1962 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=pymol'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/pymol.png' alt='pymol'></a>
1963 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=viewmol'>[viewmol]</a>
1964 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xdrawchem'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xdrawchem.png' alt='xdrawchem'></a>
1965 </p>
1966
1967 <p><strong>field::electronics</strong></p>
1968 <p>
1969 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
1970 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gpsim'>[gpsim]</a>
1971 </p>
1972
1973 <p><strong>field::geography</strong></p>
1974 <p>
1975 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kgeography'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kgeography.png' alt='kgeography'></a>
1976 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=marble'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/marble.png' alt='marble'></a>
1977 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xplanet'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xplanet.png' alt='xplanet'></a>
1978 </p>
1979
1980 <p><strong>field::linguistics</strong></p>
1981 <p>
1982 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
1983 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kanagram'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kanagram.png' alt='kanagram'></a>
1984 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=khangman'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/khangman.png' alt='khangman'></a>
1985 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=klettres'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/klettres.png' alt='klettres'></a>
1986 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=parley'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/parley.png' alt='parley'></a>
1987 </p>
1988
1989 <p><strong>field::mathematics</strong></p>
1990 <p>
1991 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
1992 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=drgeo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/drgeo.png' alt='drgeo'></a>
1993 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
1994 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=geogebra'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/geogebra.png' alt='geogebra'></a>
1995 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=geomview'>[geomview]</a>
1996 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=grace'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/grace.png' alt='grace'></a>
1997 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=graphmonkey'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/graphmonkey.png' alt='graphmonkey'></a>
1998 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=graphthing'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/graphthing.png' alt='graphthing'></a>
1999 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kalgebra'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kalgebra.png' alt='kalgebra'></a>
2000 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kbruch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kbruch.png' alt='kbruch'></a>
2001 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kig'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kig.png' alt='kig'></a>
2002 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kmplot'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kmplot.png' alt='kmplot'></a>
2003 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=mathwar'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/mathwar.png' alt='mathwar'></a>
2004 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=rocs'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/rocs.png' alt='rocs'></a>
2005 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scratch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scratch.png' alt='scratch'></a>
2006 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=tuxmath'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/tuxmath.png' alt='tuxmath'></a>
2007 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xabacus'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xabacus.png' alt='xabacus'></a>
2008 </p>
2009
2010 <p><strong>field::physics</strong></p>
2011 <p>
2012 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
2013 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=step'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/step.png' alt='step'></a>
2014 </p>
2015
2016 <p><strong>field::TODO</strong></p>
2017 <p>
2018 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=blinken'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/blinken.png' alt='blinken'></a>
2019 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=cgoban'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/cgoban.png' alt='cgoban'></a>
2020 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
2021 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
2022 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gnuchess'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gnuchess.png' alt='gnuchess'></a>
2023 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gnugo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gnugo.png' alt='gnugo'></a>
2024 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gtans'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gtans.png' alt='gtans'></a>
2025 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=ktouch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/ktouch.png' alt='ktouch'></a>
2026 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=librecad'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/librecad.png' alt='librecad'></a>
2027 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scratch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scratch.png' alt='scratch'></a>
2028 </p>
2029
2030 <p>In total, 61 applications.  3 of them lacked screen shots on
2031 <a href="http://screenshot.debian.net">screenshot.debian.net</a>.  If
2032 you know of some packages we should install by default, please let us
2033 know on <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">IRC, #debian-edu
2034 on irc.debian.org</a>, or our
2035 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">mailing list
2036 debian-edu@</a>.</p>
2037
2038       </div>
2039       <div class="tags">
2040
2041
2042         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2043
2044
2045       </div>
2046     </div>
2047     <div class="padding"></div>
2048
2049     <div class="entry">
2050       <div class="title">
2051         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Nirosan_Thiyagalingam.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Nirosan Thiyagalingam</a>
2052       </div>
2053       <div class="date">
2054         24th May 2013
2055       </div>
2056       <div class="body">
2057         <p>En ting
2058 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektet</a> har
2059 hatt mye glede av er studentprosjekter.  F.eks.  er
2060 <a href="http://linuxstopmotion.org/">stillbildeanimasjonssystemet
2061 Stopmotion</a> resultat av et studentprosjekt i Skolelinux.  De siste
2062 månedene har en ivrig student veiledet av Marius Kotsbak i
2063 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRiSK</a> testet hva en
2064 kan få til med en datamaskin til NOK 400,- (antagelig 1700,- med
2065 skjerm, tastatur og mus) når det brukes i Skolelinux.  Jeg spurte han
2066 om et intervju.</p>
2067
2068 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
2069
2070 <p>Jeg heter Nirosan Thiyagalingam. Jeg er 24 år og studerer
2071 dataingeniør studiet ved Høgskolen i Sør Trøndelag. Interessen for
2072 data har siden ung alder vært tilstede og jeg har i tillegg alltid
2073 vært glad i å lære nye ting. Med teknologi som endres svært hurtig er
2074 det alltid noe nytt å lære.  Noe som igjen har gjort det svært
2075 interessant å følge med på utviklingen.  Jeg valgte dataingeniør
2076 studiet grunnet ønske om å lære enda mer om programmering og utvikling
2077 av store systemer.</p>
2078
2079 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
2080
2081 <p>Skolelinux prosjektet hørte jeg først om i media. Men det var først
2082 når jeg skulle velge bacheloroppgave at jeg fattet mer interesse for
2083 prosjektet. Et enkelt søk på nettet førte meg til skolelinux sine
2084 hjemmesider.  Informasjonen jeg fant der gjorde meg enda nysgjerrig og
2085 jeg valgte derfor en oppgave som gikk ut på å få en
2086 <a href="http://www.raspberrypi.org">Raspberry PI</a>.  Altså en
2087 ultra-billig datamaskin til å kjøre Debian Edu på lik linje med
2088 vanlige datamaskiner. I løpet av prosjektet ble det gjort mye
2089 forskning på nettet. Det var mye jeg måtte forstå rundt hvordan
2090 operativsystemet Linux fungerte før jeg kunne angripe
2091 problemet. Prøvde først å finne ut hvordan man kunne transformere en
2092 vanlig installasjon av Skolelinux til Raspberry PI, men dette var
2093 altfor vanskelig å jeg endte opp med mer spørsmål enn svar. Det ble
2094 videre opprettet kontakt med Skolelinux utviklere på IRC der jeg fikk
2095 diskutert hvilken retning jeg burde gå for å få til en fullverdig
2096 løsning. Det ble bestemt at jeg skulle gå for å først installere
2097 <a href="http://www.raspbian.org/">Raspian</a>. Dette er et
2098 operativsystem basert på Debian spesiallaget for Raspberry Pi sin
2099 maskinvare. Nå som Debian var installert på datamaskinen gjenstod det
2100 å installere de nødvendige Skolelinux pakkene for å få til et
2101 fullverdig system. Disse pakkene ble installert manuelt i første
2102 omgang, men ble senere installert automatisk via et script som Petter
2103 Reinholdtsen laget. Dette scriptet er så enkel å bruke at man er i
2104 gang med installasjonen i løpet av bare 5 minutter. Ikke nok med det,
2105 alt skjer helt automatisk. Alt i alt er jeg veldig fornøyd med
2106 resultatet av installasjonsprosessen. Raspberry Pi er en veldig svak
2107 maskin og det merkes godt når man har installert Skolelinux på
2108 den. Video og 3D-rendering fungerer utrolig dårlig, men nettsurfing og
2109 kontorprogrammer fungerer godt.  Det kan derfor konkluderes med at
2110 datamaskinen er egnet for enkle oppgaver.
2111
2112 <p>Jeg syns det er viktig påpeke at dette kun er startfasen av en slik
2113 løsning. På markedet finnes det nå maskiner som har bedre hardware enn
2114 Raspberry Pi. Det er store muligheter for at man kan klare å
2115 installere Skolelinux på disse også, og da forsvinner nok mest
2116 sannsynlig ytelsesproblemene med Video og 3D rendering også.</p>
2117
2118 <p>Det ble også prøvd med en løsning som gjorde at Raspberry Pi
2119 fungerte som en tynnklient. Denne løsningen hadde langt bedre ytelse
2120 med tanke på hastighet og brukeropplevelse. Men også her var video og
2121 3D rendering dårlig. Det ble brukt en liten Linux distribusjon kalt
2122 <a href="http://www.berryterminal.com/">BerryTerminal</a> for å få til
2123 dette.</p>
2124
2125 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
2126
2127 <p>Fordelen med Skolelinux er mange. At det er gratis er en stor
2128 fordel, men at det er så mange som er med på å utvikle det og
2129 vedlikeholde det er en enda større fordel. Allerede før jeg startet
2130 med prosjektet så jeg mange fordeler, og når jeg nærmet meg sluttfasen
2131 så jeg langt flere. At prosjektet skulle inneha en så høy kvalitet
2132 hadde jeg aldri trodd. En vanlig Skolelinux installasjon har de
2133 nødvendige programmene og funksjonen som både små og store skoler i
2134 tillegg til organisasjoner kan klare seg med.  At prosjektet tilbyr en
2135 så komplett løsning er en kjempefordel.  Installasjonen er knirkefri
2136 og det er svært enkelt å installere og komme i gang.</p>
2137
2138 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
2139
2140 <p>Ulempene jeg ser med prosjektet er ryddigheten av websidene. Selv
2141 om websidene er enkle og konsise er det allikevel ikke appellerende i
2142 like stor grad som for eksempel
2143 <a href="http://www.ubuntu.com">Ubuntu</a> sine sider.  Deres side
2144 tilbyr, i tillegg til godt design og presentasjon, en nettbasert
2145 emulator av deres operativsystem. Dette er en stor fordel slik jeg ser
2146 det.  Bortsett fra dette ser jeg absolutt ingen ulemper med
2147 Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
2148
2149 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
2150
2151 <p>Til daglig er jeg en flittig bruker av det åpne media
2152 sentersystemet <a href="http://xbmc.org/">XBMC</a>. Det enorme
2153 samfunnet rundt dette prosjektet har gjort dette til et program som
2154 dekker alles behov. Man kan tilpasse det akkurat slik man vil både med
2155 tanke på utseende og funksjoner ved installere plug-ins eller
2156 scripts.</p>
2157
2158 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
2159 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
2160
2161 <p>Strategien som burde brukes sett fra mine øyne er
2162 markedsføring. Jeg er sikker på at om flere skoler fikk et lite innsyn
2163 i hvor bra Skolelinux er så ville de ikke nølt med å gå over fra noe
2164 annet som koster de store summer. At skolelinux til de grader tilbyr
2165 en så komplett løsning bure komme frem. Enten via reklamekampanjer
2166 eller ved å sende ut folk til skoler for så å la skolenettverk
2167 ansvarlige få teste ut hvordan Skolelinux fungerer i praksis. Om det
2168 i tillegg ble utviklet gode websider og en emulator for å la brukere
2169 prøve operativsystemet ville nok dette ha styrket inntrykket
2170 betraktelig.</p>
2171
2172       </div>
2173       <div class="tags">
2174
2175
2176         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
2177
2178
2179       </div>
2180     </div>
2181     <div class="padding"></div>
2182
2183     <div class="entry">
2184       <div class="title">
2185         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_transform_a_Debian_based_system_to_a_Debian_Edu_installation.html">How to transform a Debian based system to a Debian Edu installation</a>
2186       </div>
2187       <div class="date">
2188         17th May 2013
2189       </div>
2190       <div class="body">
2191         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> is
2192 an operating system based on Debian intended for use in schools.  It
2193 contain a turn-key solution for the computer network provided to
2194 pupils in the primary schools.  It provide both the central server,
2195 network boot servers and desktop environments with heaps of
2196 educational software.  The project was founded almost 12 years ago,
2197 2001-07-02.  If you want to support the project, which is in need for
2198 cash to fund developer gatherings and other project related activity,
2199 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/donations.html">please
2200 donate some money</a>.
2201
2202 <p>A topic that come up again and again on the Debian Edu mailing
2203 lists and elsewhere, is the question on how to transform a Debian or
2204 Ubuntu installation into a Debian Edu installation.  It isn't very
2205 hard, and last week I wrote a script to replicate the steps done by
2206 the Debian Edu installer.</p>
2207
2208 <p>The script,
2209 <a href="http://anonscm.debian.org/viewvc/debian-edu/branches/wheezy/debian-edu-config/share/debian-edu-config/tools/debian-edu-bless?view=markup">debian-edu-bless<a/>
2210 in the debian-edu-config package, will go through these six steps and
2211 transform an existing Debian Wheezy or Ubuntu (untested) installation
2212 into a Debian Edu Workstation:</p>
2213
2214 <ol>
2215
2216 <li>Add skolelinux related APT sources.</li>
2217 <li>Create /etc/debian-edu/config with the wanted configuration.</li>
2218 <li>Install debian-edu-install to load preseeding values and pull in
2219     our configuration.</li>
2220 <li>Preseed debconf database with profile setup in
2221     /etc/debian-edu/config, and run tasksel to install packages
2222     according to the profile specified in the config above,
2223     overriding some of the Debian automation machinery.</li>
2224 <li>Run debian-edu-cfengine-D installation to configure everything
2225     that could not be done using preseeding.</li>
2226 <li>Ask for a reboot to enable all the configuration changes.</li>
2227
2228 </ol>
2229
2230 <p>There are some steps in the Debian Edu installation that can not be
2231 replicated like this.  Disk partitioning and LVM setup, for example.
2232 So this script just assume there is enough disk space to install all
2233 the needed packages.</p>
2234
2235 <p>The script was created to help a Debian Edu student working on
2236 setting up <a href="http://www.raspberrypi.org">Raspberry Pi</a> as a
2237 Debian Edu client, and using it he can take the existing
2238 <a href="http://www.raspbian.org/FrontPage‎">Raspbian</a> installation and
2239 transform it into a fully functioning Debian Edu Workstation (or
2240 Roaming Workstation, or whatever :).</p>
2241
2242 <p>The default setting in the script is to create a KDE Workstation.
2243 If a LXDE based Roaming workstation is wanted instead, modify the
2244 PROFILE and DESKTOP values at the top to look like this instead:</p>
2245
2246 <p><pre>
2247 PROFILE="Roaming-Workstation"
2248 DESKTOP="lxde"
2249 </pre></p>
2250
2251 <p>The script could even become useful to set up Debian Edu servers in
2252 the cloud, by starting with a virtual Debian installation at some
2253 virtual hosting service and setting up all the services on first
2254 boot.</p>
2255
2256       </div>
2257       <div class="tags">
2258
2259
2260         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2261
2262
2263       </div>
2264     </div>
2265     <div class="padding"></div>
2266
2267     <div class="entry">
2268       <div class="title">
2269         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Second alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
2270       </div>
2271       <div class="date">
2272         14th May 2013
2273       </div>
2274       <div class="body">
2275         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
2276 project</a> is making great progress and made its second Wheezy based
2277 release today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
2278
2279 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.0.0 alpha1 released
2280 2013-05-14</strong></p>
2281
2282 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux 7.0.0 edu
2283 alpha1, based on <a href="http://www.debian.org">Debian</a> with
2284 codename "Wheezy".</p>
2285
2286 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
2287
2288 <p>Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux, is a Linux distribution based
2289 on Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
2290 configured school network. Immediatly after installation a school
2291 server running all services needed for a school network is set up just
2292 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
2293 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
2294 initial installation of the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all
2295 other machines can be installed via the network.</p>
2296
2297 <p>This is the first test release based on Wheezy (which currently is
2298 not released yet). Basically this is an updated and slightly improved
2299 version compared to the Squeeze release.</p>
2300
2301 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
2302 <ul>
2303   <li>Install freemind (0.9.0) by default, and stop installing vym by
2304     default.</li>
2305   <li>Install chromium (26.0.1410.43) by default.</li>
2306   <li>Install goplay (0.5-1.1) to make golearn available by default.</li>
2307   <li>Updated support for Japanese input methods, now based on
2308     ibus-anthy.</li>
2309 </ul>
2310
2311 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
2312 <ul>
2313
2314   <li>Switched default file system from ext3 to ext4 for speed and
2315     reliability improvements.</li>
2316   <li>Got rid of unwanted winbind daemon and PAM setup activated because
2317     of <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/706434">706434</a>.</li>
2318   <li>Extended and improved the testsuite tests to detect more possible
2319     problems.</li>
2320   <li>Corrected proxy handling to not set http_proxy to a bogus
2321     direct:// URL.</li>
2322   <li>Corrected proxy setup for diskless workstations.</li>
2323   <li>Corrected PXE setup to use our updated udebs during installation.</li>
2324   <li>Made installation handling of low entropy level more robust.</li>
2325   <li>Create larger partitions for Roaming workstations and Thin client
2326     servers, to make room for all the software installed.</li>
2327   <li>Fix bug in Roaming workstation PAM setup, making it impossible to
2328     log in (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/706753">706753</a>).</li>
2329 </ul>
2330
2331 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
2332 <ul>
2333
2334   <li>IP resolution for the local hostname give useless IPv6 address
2335     (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/705900">705900</a>).  Only install
2336     libnss-myhostname on roaming workstations until it is fixed.</li>
2337   <li>DVD images are not yet ready.</li>
2338   <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
2339     available yet (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/698840">698840</a>).</li>
2340   <li>Missing artwork for the KDE desktop (and probably a few others).</li>
2341   <li>KDE Debian submenu lacks icons.</li>
2342   <li>LXDE menu lacks entry for changing GOsa password
2343     (website). Installing gosa-desktop will be an option.</li>
2344   <li>Backup configuration via web interface is impossible due to
2345     password submission problem
2346     (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/700257">700257</a>).</li>
2347
2348 </ul>
2349
2350 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
2351
2352 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
2353 <ul>
2354
2355   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</a></li>
2356   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</a></li>
2357   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</li>
2358
2359 </ul>
2360
2361 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 685ed76c1aa8e44b12d3fde21faf450b</p>
2362
2363 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 6c874de157024da13e115bab29c068080a11ec4c</p>
2364
2365 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
2366
2367 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
2368
2369       </div>
2370       <div class="tags">
2371
2372
2373         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2374
2375
2376       </div>
2377     </div>
2378     <div class="padding"></div>
2379
2380     <div class="entry">
2381       <div class="title">
2382         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Narvik_sparer_minst_9_millioner_p____bruke_Skolelinux.html">Narvik sparer minst 9 millioner på å bruke Skolelinux</a>
2383       </div>
2384       <div class="date">
2385         10th May 2013
2386       </div>
2387       <div class="body">
2388         <p>I fjor sommer ble jeg
2389 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">gledelig
2390 overrasket</a> over et oppslag i avisen Fremover om Narvik kommunes
2391 bruk av <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>.  Oppslaget
2392 var basert på et notat som besvarte spørsmål fra ordfører Tor Nysæter
2393 og rådgiver for skolesektoren, Petter Falkbu, om bruken av Skolelinux
2394 i Narvikskolene og konstnaden ved å gå over til Windows.  For litt
2395 over en uke siden siden fikk jeg endelig bedt kommunen om å få innsyn
2396 i dette notatet, og det ble oversendt på epost tirsdag.  Jeg fikk
2397 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/pub/offentliginnsyn/from-Narvik-kommune/2013-04-29-09:12-skolelinux-notat/PetterFalkbuogwindowsfornarvikskolen%20(L)351310.pdf">lagt
2398 ut notatet</a> samme dag, og fikk i dag sjekket postlista til Narvik,
2399 der jeg fant notatet som
2400 <a href="https://www.narvik.kommune.no/innsyn.aspx?response=arkivsak_detaljer&arkivsakid=2013001023&scripturi=/innsyn.aspx&skin=infolink&Mid1=301&">sak
2401 2013/1023</a>.</p>
2402
2403 <p>Notatet forteller at Narvik ville måtte betalt minst 9 millioner
2404 for å gå over til Windows på skolene.  I tillegg dokumenterer notatet
2405 at læreplanens krav oppfylles uten problemer ved bruk av Skolelinux.
2406 Jeg anbefaler alle å lese de 10 sidene med gode argumenter for å kutte
2407 unødige utgifter på IT i skoleverket. :)</p>
2408
2409       </div>
2410       <div class="tags">
2411
2412
2413         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
2414
2415
2416       </div>
2417     </div>
2418     <div class="padding"></div>
2419
2420     <div class="entry">
2421       <div class="title">
2422         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Wheezy_is_out___and_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_should_soon_follow___newinwheezy.html">Debian Wheezy is out - and Debian Edu / Skolelinux should soon follow! #newinwheezy</a>
2423       </div>
2424       <div class="date">
2425          5th May 2013
2426       </div>
2427       <div class="body">
2428         <p>When I woke up this morning, I was very happy to see that the
2429 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2013/20130504">release announcement
2430 for Debian Wheezy</a> was waiting in my mail box.  This is a great
2431 Debian release, and I expect to move my machines at home over to it fairly
2432 soon.</p>
2433
2434 <p>The new debian release contain heaps of new stuff, and one program
2435 in particular make me very happy to see included.  The
2436 <a href="http://scratch.mit.edu/">Scratch</a> program, made famous by
2437 the <a href="http://www.code.org/">Teach kids code</a> movement, is
2438 included for the first time.  Alongside similar programs like
2439 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/kturtle/">kturtle</a> and
2440 <a href="http://wiki.sugarlabs.org/go/Activities/Turtle_Art">turtleart</a>,
2441 it allow for visual programming where syntax errors can not happen,
2442 and a friendly programming environment for learning to control the
2443 computer.  Scratch will also be included in the next release of Debian
2444 Edu.</a>
2445
2446 <p>And now that Wheezy is wrapped up, we can wrap up the next Debian
2447 Edu/Skolelinux release too.  The
2448 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/2013/04/msg00132.html">first
2449 alpha release</a> went out last week, and the next should soon
2450 follow.<p>
2451
2452       </div>
2453       <div class="tags">
2454
2455
2456         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2457
2458
2459       </div>
2460     </div>
2461     <div class="padding"></div>
2462
2463     <div class="entry">
2464       <div class="title">
2465         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">First alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
2466       </div>
2467       <div class="date">
2468         26th April 2013
2469       </div>
2470       <div class="body">
2471         <p>The Debian Edu / Skolelinux project is still going strong and made
2472 its first Wheezy based release today.  This is the release
2473 announcement:</p>
2474
2475 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu ~7.0.0 alpha0 released
2476 2013-04-26</strong></p>
2477
2478 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux ~7.0.0
2479 edu alpha0, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
2480
2481 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
2482
2483 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
2484 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
2485 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
2486 network. Immediatly after installation a school server running all
2487 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
2488 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
2489 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
2490 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
2491 installed via the network.</p>
2492
2493 <p>This is the first test release based on Wheezy (which currently is
2494 not released yet). Basically this is an updated and slightly improved
2495 version compared to the Squeeze release.</p>
2496
2497 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
2498
2499 <ul>
2500 <li>Everything which is new in Debian Wheezy, eg:
2501   <ul>
2502      <li>Linux kernel 3.2.x</li>
2503      <li>Desktop environments KDE "Plasma" 4.8.4, GNOME 3.4, and LXDE 4
2504          (KDE is installed by default; to choose GNOME or LXDE: see
2505          manual.)</li>
2506      <li>Web browser Iceweasel 10 ESR</li>
2507      <li>LibreOffice 3.5.4</li>
2508      <li>LTSP 5.4.2</li>
2509      <li>GOsa 2.7.4</li>
2510      <li>CUPS print system 1.5.3</li>
2511      <li>Educational toolbox GCompris 12.01</li>
2512      <li>Music creator Rosegarden 12.04</li>
2513      <li>Image editor Gimp 2.8.2</li>
2514      <li>Virtual universe Celestia 1.6.1</li>
2515      <li>Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.11.3</li>
2516      <li>Scratch visual programming environment 1.4.0.6</li>
2517      <li>New version of debian-installer from Debian Wheezy, see
2518          <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/installmanual">installation
2519          manual</a> for more details.</li>
2520      <li>Debian Wheezy includes about 37000 packages available for
2521          installation.</li>
2522      <li>More information about Debian Wheezy 7.0 is provided in the
2523          <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/releasenotes">release notes</a> and the <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/installmanual">installation manual</a>.</li>
2524   </ul></li>
2525 </ul>
2526
2527 <p><strong>Documentation</strong></p>
2528 <ul>
2529 <li>The (<a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy">English</a>) Debian Edu Wheezy Manual is fully translated to
2530     German, French, Italian and Danish. Partly translated versions exist
2531     for Norwegian Bokmal and Spanish.</li>
2532 </ul>
2533
2534 <p><Strong>LDAP related changes</strong></p>
2535 <ul>
2536 <li>Slight changes to some objects and acls to have more types to
2537     choose from when adding systems in GOsa. Now systems can be of type
2538     server, workstation, printer, terminal or netdevice.</li>
2539 </ul>
2540
2541 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
2542 <ul>
2543 <li>LTSP clients start as diskless workstation / thin client can be
2544     configured via command line argument -- or individually adding an
2545     entry in lts.conf or LDAP.<li>
2546 <li>GOsa gui: Now some options that seemed to be available, but are non
2547     functional, are greyed out (or are not clickable). Some tabs are
2548     completely hidden to the end user, others even to the GOsa admin.</li>
2549 </ul>
2550
2551 <p><strong>Regressions</strong></p>
2552 <ul>
2553 <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv) available
2554     yet.</li>
2555 </ul>
2556
2557 <p><strong>No updated artwork</strong></p>
2558
2559 <ul>
2560 <li>Updated artwork which is visible during installation, in the login
2561     screen and as desktop wallpaper is still missing or the same as we
2562     had for our Squeeze based release.</li>
2563 </ul>
2564
2565 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
2566
2567 To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use
2568 <ul>
2569 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</a></li>
2570 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</a></li>
2571 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</li>
2572 </ul>
2573
2574 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: c5e773ddafdaa4f48c409c682f598b6c</p>
2575
2576 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 25934fabb9b7d20235499a0a51f08ce6c54215f2</p>
2577
2578 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
2579
2580 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
2581
2582       </div>
2583       <div class="tags">
2584
2585
2586         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2587
2588
2589       </div>
2590     </div>
2591     <div class="padding"></div>
2592
2593     <div class="entry">
2594       <div class="title">
2595         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_developer_gathering_in_2013_take_place_in_Trondheim.html">First Debian Edu / Skolelinux developer gathering in 2013 take place in Trondheim</a>
2596       </div>
2597       <div class="date">
2598         16th April 2013
2599       </div>
2600       <div class="body">
2601         <p>This years first <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux /
2602 Debian Edu</a> developer gathering take place the coming weekend in Trondheim.
2603 Details about the gathering can be found
2604 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering/2013-04-19-21-Trondheim">on
2605 the FRiSK wiki</a>.  The dates are 19-21th of April 2013, and online
2606 participation for those unable to make it in person is very welcome,
2607 and I plan to participate online myself as I could not leave Oslo this
2608 weekend.</p>
2609
2610 <p>The focus of the gathering is to work on the web pages and project
2611 infrastructure, and to continue the work on the Wheezy based Debian
2612 Edu release.</p>
2613
2614 <p>See you on <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">IRC, #debian-edu on irc.debian.org,</a> then?</p>
2615
2616       </div>
2617       <div class="tags">
2618
2619
2620         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2621
2622
2623       </div>
2624     </div>
2625     <div class="padding"></div>
2626
2627     <div class="entry">
2628       <div class="title">
2629         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_6_got_a_video_review_from_Pcwizz.html">Skolelinux 6 got a video review from Pcwizz</a>
2630       </div>
2631       <div class="date">
2632         17th March 2013
2633       </div>
2634       <div class="body">
2635         <p>Via
2636 <a href="https://twitter.com/pcwizz/status/313044373262716930">twitter</a>
2637 I just discovered that <a href="http://pcwizz.net/">Pcwizz</a> have
2638 done a <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wPzTZ61Pcuc">video
2639 review</a> on Youtube of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux
2640 / Debian Edu</a> version 6.  He installed the standalone profile and
2641 the video show a walk-through of of the menu content, demonstration of
2642 a few programs and his view of our distribution.</p>
2643
2644 <p>There is also some really nice quotes (transcribed by me, might
2645 have heard wrong).  While looking thought the Graphics menu:</p>
2646
2647 <blockquote>
2648 "Basically everything you ever need in a school environment."
2649 </blockquote>
2650
2651 <p>And as a general evaluation of the entire distribution:</p>
2652
2653 <blockquote>
2654 "So, yeah, a bit bloated.  It kept all the Debian stuff in there, just
2655 to keep it nice and GNU.  So, I do not want to go on about it, but
2656 lets give it 7 out of 10.  I am not going to use it.  That is because
2657 I am not deploying a school network.  There may be some mythical
2658 feature to help you deploy Skolelinux on a school network."
2659 </blockquote>
2660
2661 <p>To bad he did not test the server profile, and discovered the PXE
2662 installation option.  It make it possible to install only the main
2663 server from CD, and the rest of the machines via the net, and might be
2664 considered the mythical feature he talk about. :)</p>
2665
2666 <p>While looking through the menus, there is also this funny comment
2667 about the part of the K menu generated from the Debian menu subsystem:
2668
2669 <blockquote>
2670 "[The K menu] have a special Debian section for software that no-one
2671 is going to look at, because it contain lots of junky stuff that you
2672 actually don't need in the education distribution, but have just been
2673 included because it isn't stripped out for some reason."
2674 </blockquote>
2675
2676 <p>I guess it is yet another argument for merging the Debian menu and
2677 Gnome/KDE desktop menu entries into
2678 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/Proposals/DebianMenuUsingDesktopEntries">one
2679 consistent menu system</a> instead of two incomplete and partly
2680 inconsistent menu systems.</p>
2681
2682 <p>The entire video is available below for those accepting iframe
2683 embedding:</p>
2684
2685 <iframe width="560" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/wPzTZ61Pcuc" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
2686
2687       </div>
2688       <div class="tags">
2689
2690
2691         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
2692
2693
2694       </div>
2695     </div>
2696     <div class="padding"></div>
2697
2698     <div class="entry">
2699       <div class="title">
2700         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_Squeeze_update_released.html">First Skolelinux / Debian Edu Squeeze update released</a>
2701       </div>
2702       <div class="date">
2703          8th March 2013
2704       </div>
2705       <div class="body">
2706         <p>Last Sunday, 2013-03-03,, Holger Levsen announced the first update
2707 of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
2708 based on Debian Squeeze.  This is the first update since
2709 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">the
2710 initial release 2012-03-11</a>.  This is the
2711 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2013/03/msg00000.html">release
2712 announcement email from Holger</a>:</p>
2713
2714 <blockquote><p>Hi,</p>
2715
2716 <p>it's my pleasure to announce the immediate availability of Debian
2717 Edu 6.0.7+r1 ("Debian Edu Squeeze").</p>
2718
2719 <p>Debian Edu 6.0.7+r1 is an incremental update to Debian Edu
2720 6.0.4+r0, containing all the changes between Debian 6.0.4 and 6.0.7 as
2721 well Debian Edu specific bugfixes and enhancements. See below (in this
2722 mail) for the full list of (edu) changes.  Please see
2723 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311">http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311</a>
2724 for more information on "Debian Edu Squeeze".</p>
2725
2726 <p>Images are available for download at
2727 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/</a></p>
2728
2729 <p>md5sums:
2730 <br>1fe79eb4f0f9ae1c58fc318e26cc1e2e  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-CD.iso
2731 <br>a6ddd924a8bd9a1b5ca122e8fe1c34ec  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-DVD.iso
2732 <br>ac6c72cd7925ccec51bfbf58e2a7c69c  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-source-DVD.iso</p>
2733
2734 <p>sha1sums:
2735 <br>a4b58233b672a99c7df8dc24fb6de3327654a5c3  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-CD.iso
2736 <br>9b524915e0ff2aa793f13d93123e5bd2bab2dbaa  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-DVD.iso
2737 <br>43997614893fc5e9e59ad6ce066b05d07fd836fa  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-source-DVD.iso</p>
2738
2739 <p>These images are suitable for amd64+i386.</p>
2740
2741 <p>Changes for Debian Edu 6.0.7+r1 Codename "Squeeze", released
2742 2013-03-03:</p>
2743
2744 <ul>
2745   <li>sitesummary was updated from 0.1.3 to 0.1.8
2746   <ul>
2747         <li>Make Nagios configuration more robust and efficient</li>
2748         <li>Comply with 3.X kernel</li>
2749   </ul></li>
2750   <li>debian-edu-doc from 1.4~20120310~6.0.4+r0 to 1.4~20130228~6.0.7+r1
2751   <ul>
2752         <li>Minor updates from the wiki</li>
2753         <li>Danish translation now complete</li>
2754   </ul></li>
2755   <li>debian-edu-config from 1.453 to 1.455
2756      <ul>
2757         <li>Fix /etc/hosts for LTSP diskless workstations. Closes: #699880</li>
2758         <li>Make ltsp_local_mount script work for multiple devices.</li>
2759         <li>Correct Kerberos user policy: don't expire password after 2 days.
2760                 Closes: #664596</li>
2761         <li>Handle '#' characters in the root or first users password.
2762                 Closes: #664976</li>
2763         <li>Fixes for gosa-sync:
2764            <ul>
2765                 <li>Don't fail if password contains "</li>
2766                 <li>Don't disclose new password string in syslog</li>
2767            </ul></li>
2768         <li>Fixes for gosa-create:
2769            <ul>
2770                 <li>Invalidate libnss cache before applying changes</li>
2771                 <li>Multiple failures during mass user import into GOsa²</li>
2772                 <li>gosa-netgroups plugin: don't erase entries of attribute type
2773                          "memberNisNetgroup". Closes: #687256</li>
2774                 <li>First user now uses the same Kerberos policy as all other users</li>
2775            </ul></li>
2776         <li>Add Danish web page</li>
2777     </ul>
2778   <li>debian-edu-install from 1.528 to 1.530
2779     <ul>
2780         <li>Improve preseeding support and documentation</li>
2781     </ul></li>
2782 </ul>
2783
2784 <p>End-user documentation in English is available at
2785 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/</a>
2786 - translations to French, Italian, Danish and German are available in
2787 the debian-edu-doc package. (Other languages could use your help!)</p>
2788
2789 <p>If you want to contribute to Debian Edu, please join our
2790 mailinglist
2791 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@lists.debian.org</a>!
2792 </p></blockquote>
2793
2794 <p>I am very happy to see the fruits of a year of hard work. :)</p>
2795
2796       </div>
2797       <div class="tags">
2798
2799
2800         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2801
2802
2803       </div>
2804     </div>
2805     <div class="padding"></div>
2806
2807     <div class="entry">
2808       <div class="title">
2809         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Helge_Tore_H_yland.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Helge Tore Høyland</a>
2810       </div>
2811       <div class="date">
2812         22nd February 2013
2813       </div>
2814       <div class="body">
2815         <p>Etter en lang pause og travle uker har jeg endelig klart å få
2816 samlet et nytt intervju med en av folkene i
2817 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet.
2818 Denne gang er det Helge Tore Høyland, en mangeårig bidragsyter på
2819 epostlistene og ellers i prosjektet.</p>
2820
2821 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
2822
2823 <p>Eg er IT-konsulent/teknikker hjå eit firma i Steinkjer med navn
2824 <a href="http://unoit.no/">Uno IT</a>.  Uno IT er eit lite firma som
2825 drifter nettverk og maskiner for små og mellomstore firma
2826 Steinkjer-området. Per dags dato er me 2 ansatte. Min faglege bakgrunn
2827 er Fagbrev som it-teknikker, samt nokre fag innen nettverk- og
2828 server-drift frå HiST og NTNU. Dagleg arbeid består i oppsett av nye
2829 maskiner og hjelp til sluttbrukere, samt oppsett og vedlikehold av eit
2830 vidt spekter av fagsystemer ute hjå kunder. Erfaring med Skolelinux
2831 har eg hatt i forbindelse med drifting av
2832 <a href="http://www.bjorkly.no/">Bjørkly skule</a>, ein privat
2833 grunnskule i Namsos-området.  I dag har skulen 65 elever, 15 lærere, 1
2834 hovedserver og ca 60 klienter som kjører halvtjukt.  Eg har bygd og
2835 driftet systemet sidan summaren 2006.</p>
2836
2837 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
2838
2839 <p>Eg kom i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet via ein artikkel i eit
2840 fagblad, som eg ikkje lenger hugsar namnet på.  I og med at eg allereie
2841 hadde pusla med nettverk for ein annan skule, fatta eg straks
2842 interesse for prosjektet.</p>
2843
2844 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
2845
2846 <p>Fordelane med Skolelinux er sentralisert administrasjon og svært
2847 mange gode verktøy «ut av boksen». Veldig kjekt å kunne drifte 60
2848 klientar med berre å «bry» seg med ein server. Levetid for systemets
2849 hardware er og ein veldig fin effekt. I tillegg kjem fordelar som økt
2850 sikkerhet og mindre lisenskostnader. Etter min erfaring er det og
2851 mykje mindre driftskostnader med eit slikt system enn konkurrerande
2852 system, pga enkelhet med sentralisert administrasjon. På grunn av at
2853 Skolelinux er basert på Debian er det òg svært stabilt.</p>
2854
2855 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
2856
2857 <p>Ulemper er mangel på vilje til å følge standarer ute i markedet,
2858 som fører til mangel på støtte til nokre mykje brukte ting. Flash og
2859 Java er typiske eksempel. Sidan Debian satsar på stabilitet framfor å
2860 ha nyeste pakke av eit program, kan ein i nokre tilfeller kome borti
2861 at program vert «for gamle». Det er spesielt nettlesaren som er
2862 utsett. Mangel på vilje til å utvikle pedagogisk programvare, i Noreg,
2863 for «alle» platformer fører òg til noko hovudbry.</p>
2864
2865 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
2866
2867 <p>Til dagleg bruker eg svært mange forskjellige «fri programvare»
2868 program.  Firefox, Thunderbird, Freecommander, ImgBurn, Clonezilla,
2869 OCS inventory, Icinga, Skolelinux, SystemRescueCD og mykje meir.</p>
2870
2871 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
2872 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
2873
2874 <p>Strategisk må ein fokusere på at sluttbruker eigentleg ikkje er så
2875 fokusert på at det er fri programvare men at det skal «berre fungere».
2876 Gjer det enkelt å bruker og ikkje minst å administrere. For Skolelinux
2877 sin del må ein få eit betre fokus på overganger. Utbytting av servere
2878 må gå meir automatisk, import og eksport av brukerbase og maskinbase
2879 med meir må kunne gå enkelt og oppgradering til neste versjon må bli
2880 mykje meir automatisk og gjennomtesta. Ein må unngå at ein må sette
2881 opp frå start når ein byter ut ein server eller oppgraderer til neste
2882 versjon. For å få Skolelinux til å bli eit betre alternativ for skular
2883 må ein ha fokus på nettlesaren. Denne må bli «up to date» og støtte
2884 dei protokollar og tillegg som vert brukt av forlag med meir.  Etter
2885 kvart som meir og meir blir flytta ut i «skya» vert dette viktigare og
2886 viktigare. Ein kunne ynskje og jobbe for at forlag med fleire tar i
2887 bruk opne standarer, men inntil det skjer, må systemet kunne brukast
2888 mot desse fagsystema.</p>
2889
2890 <p>For meg har prosjektet med Skolelinux vore ein svært artig og
2891 lærerik prosess. Miljøet rundt er ikkje enormt stort, dog stort nok,
2892 men det er svært hjelpevillig og engasjert.</p>
2893
2894       </div>
2895       <div class="tags">
2896
2897
2898         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
2899
2900
2901       </div>
2902     </div>
2903     <div class="padding"></div>
2904
2905     <div class="entry">
2906       <div class="title">
2907         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_Christmas_present_for_Skolelinux___Debian_Edu.html">A Christmas present for Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
2908       </div>
2909       <div class="date">
2910         28th December 2012
2911       </div>
2912       <div class="body">
2913         <p>I was happy to discover a few days ago that the
2914 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
2915 project also this year received a Christmas present from Another
2916 Agency in Trondheim.  NOK 1000,- showed up on our donation account
2917 December 24th.  I want to express our thanks for this very welcome
2918 present.  As the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project is very short on
2919 funding these days, and thus lack the money to do regular developer
2920 gatherings, this donation was most welcome.  One developer gathering
2921 cost around NOK 15&nbsp;000,-, so we need quite a lot more to keep the
2922 development pace we want.  Thus, I hope their example this year is
2923 followed by many others. :)</p>
2924
2925 <p>The public list of donors can be found on
2926 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/donations.html">the
2927 donation page</a> for the project, which also contain instructions if
2928 you want to donate to the project.</p>
2929
2930       </div>
2931       <div class="tags">
2932
2933
2934         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2935
2936
2937       </div>
2938     </div>
2939     <div class="padding"></div>
2940
2941     <div class="entry">
2942       <div class="title">
2943         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ledger___double_entry_accounting_using_text_based_storage_format.html">Ledger - double-entry accounting using text based storage format</a>
2944       </div>
2945       <div class="date">
2946         18th December 2012
2947       </div>
2948       <div class="body">
2949         <p>A few days ago I came across
2950 <a href="http://joeyh.name/blog/entry/hledger/">a blog post from Joey
2951 Hess</a> describing <a href="http://ledger-cli.org/">ledger</a> and
2952 hledger, a text based system for double-entry accounting.  I found it
2953 interesting, as I am involved with several organizations where
2954 accounting is an issue, and I have not really become too friendly with
2955 the different web based systems we use.  I find it hard to find what I
2956 look for in the menus and even harder try to get sensible data out of
2957 the systems.  Ledger seem different.  The accounting data is kept in
2958 text files that can be stored in a version control system, and there
2959
2960 are at least <a href="https://github.com/ledger/ledger/wiki/Ports">five
2961 different implementations</a> able to read the format.  An example
2962 entry look like this, and is simple enough that it will be trivial to
2963 generate entries based on CVS files fetched from the bank:</p>
2964
2965 <blockquote><pre>
2966 2004-05-27 Book Store
2967       Expenses:Books                 $20.00
2968       Liabilities:Visa
2969 </pre></blockquote>
2970
2971 <p>The concept seemed interesting enough for me to check it out and
2972 look for others using it.  I found blog posts from
2973 <a href="http://blog.spang.cc/posts/hledger_rocks_my_world/">Christine
2974 Spang</a>,
2975 <a href="http://bugsplat.info/2010-05-23-keeping-finances-with-ledger.html">Pete
2976 Keen</a>,
2977 <a href="http://blog.andrewcantino.com/blog/2010/11/06/command-line-accounting-with-ledger-and-reckon/">Andrew
2978 Cantino</a> and
2979 <a href="http://blog.iphoting.com/blog/2012/11/29/command-line-double-entry-accounting/">Ronald
2980 Ip</a> describing how they use it, as well as a post from
2981 <a href="https://groups.google.com/forum/?fromgroups=#!topic/ledger-cli/r0oWjwbQ9Bo">Bradley
2982 M. Kuhn</a> at the Software Freedom Conservancy.  All seemed like good
2983 recommendations fitting my need.</p>
2984
2985 <p>The <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/l/ledger.html">ledger</a>
2986 package is available in Debian Squeeze, while the
2987 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/h/haskell-hledger.html">hledger</a>
2988 package only is available in Debian Sid.  As I use Squeeze, ledger
2989 seemed the best choice to get started.</p>
2990
2991 <p>To get some real data to test on, I wrote a
2992 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/tools/lodo2ledger">web scraper</a> for
2993 <a href="http://www.lodo.no/">LODO</a>, the accounting system used by
2994 the <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">NUUG</a> association, and started to
2995 play with the data set.  I'm not really deeply into accounting, but I
2996 am able to get a simple balance and accounting status for example
2997 using the "<tt>ledger balance</tt>" command.  But I will have to
2998 gather more experience before I know if the ledger way is a good fit
2999 for the organisations I am involved in.</p>
3000
3001       </div>
3002       <div class="tags">
3003
3004
3005         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
3006
3007
3008       </div>
3009     </div>
3010     <div class="padding"></div>
3011
3012     <div class="entry">
3013       <div class="title">
3014         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Angela_Fu_.html">Debian Edu interview: Angela Fuß</a>
3015       </div>
3016       <div class="date">
3017         14th November 2012
3018       </div>
3019       <div class="body">
3020         <p>Here is another interview with one of the people in the <a
3021 href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
3022 community.  I am running short on people willing to be interviewed, so
3023 if you know about someone I should interview, Please send me an email.
3024 After asking for many months, I finally managed to lure another one of
3025 the people behind the German
3026 "<a href="http://wiki.it-zukunft-schule.de/">IT-Zukunft Schule</a>"
3027 project out from maternity leave to conduct an interview.  Give a warm
3028 welcome to Angela Fuß. :)</p>
3029
3030 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
3031
3032 <p>I am a 39-year-old woman living in the very north of Germany near
3033 Denmark. I live in a patchwork family with "my man" Mike Gabriel, my
3034 two daughters, Mikes daughter and Mikes and my rather newborn son.
3035
3036 <p>At the moment - because of our little baby - I am spending most of
3037 the day by being a caring and organising mom for all the kids.
3038 Besides that I am really involved into and occupied with several inner
3039 growth processes: New born souls always bring the whole familiar
3040 system into movement and that needs time and focus ;-).  We are also
3041 in the middle of buying a house and moving to it.</p>
3042
3043 <p>In 2013 I will work again in my job in a German foundation for
3044 nature conservation. I am doing public relation work there.  Besides
3045 that - and that is the connection to Skolelinux / Debian Edu - I am
3046 working in our own school project "IT-Zukunft Schule" in North
3047 Germany. I am responsible for the quality assurance, the customer
3048 relationship management and the communication processes in the
3049 project.</p>
3050
3051 <p>Since 2001 I constantly have been training myself in communication
3052 and leadership. Besides that I am a forester, a landscaping gardener
3053 and a yoga teacher.</p>
3054
3055 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
3056 project?</strong></p>
3057
3058 <p>I fell in love with Mike ;-).</p>
3059
3060 <p>Very soon after getting to know him I was completely enrolled into
3061 Free Software.  At this time Mike did IT-services for one newly
3062 founded school in Kiel. Other schools in Kiel needed concepts for
3063 their IT environment.  Often when Mike came home from working at the
3064 newly founded school I found myself listening to his complaints about
3065 several points where the communication with the schools head or the
3066 teachers did not work.  So we were clear that he would not work for
3067 one more school if we did not set up a structure for communication
3068 between him, the schools head, the teachers, the students and the
3069 parents.</p>
3070
3071 <p>Together with our friend and hardware supplier Andreas Buchholz we
3072 started to get an overview of free software solutions suitable for
3073 schools. One day before Christmas 2010 Mike and I had a date with Kurt
3074 Gramlich in Gütersloh. As Kurt and I are really interested in building
3075 networks of people and in being in communication we dived into
3076 Skolelinux and brought it to the first grammar schools in Northern
3077 Germany.</p>
3078
3079 <p>For information about our school project you can read
3080 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Mike_Gabriel.html">the
3081 interview with Mike Gabriel</a>.</p>
3082
3083 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
3084 Edu?</strong></p>
3085
3086 <p>First I have to say: I cannot answer this question technically. My
3087 answer comes rather from a social point of view.</p>
3088
3089 <p>The biggest advantage of Skolelinux / Debian Edu I see is the large
3090 and strong international community of Debian Developers in the
3091 background which is very alive and connected over mailinglists, blogs
3092 and meetings. My constant feeling for the Debian Community is: If
3093 something does not work they will somehow fix it. All is well
3094 ;-). This is of course a user experience.  What I also get as a big
3095 advantage of Skolelinux / Debian Edu is that everybody who uses it and
3096 works with it can also contribute to it - that includes students,
3097 teachers, parents...</p>
3098
3099 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
3100 Edu?</strong></p>
3101
3102 <p>I will answer this question relating to the internal structure of
3103 Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
3104
3105 <p>What I see as a major disadvantage is that there is a gap between
3106 the group of developers for Debian Edu and the people who make the
3107 marketing, that means the people that bring Skolelinux to the
3108 schools. There is a lack of communication between these two groups and
3109 I think that does not really work for Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
3110
3111 <p>Further I appreciate that Skolelinux / Debian Edu is known as a
3112 do-ocracy. Nevertheless I keep asking myself if at some points a
3113 democracy or some kind of hierarchical project structure would be good
3114 and helpful.  I am also missing some kind of contact between the
3115 Skolelinux / Debian Edu communities in Europe or on an international
3116 level. I think it would be good if there was more sharing between the
3117 different countries using Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
3118
3119 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
3120
3121 <p>On my laptop I am still using an Ubuntu 10.04 with a Gnome Desktop
3122 on.  As applications I use Openoffice.org, Gedit, Firefox, Pidgin,
3123 LaTeX and GnuCash. For mails I am using Horde. And I am really fond of
3124 my N900 running with Maemo.</p>
3125
3126 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
3127 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
3128
3129 <p>I am really convinced that in our school project "IT-Zukunft
3130 Schule" we have developed (and keep developing) a great way to get
3131 schools to use Free Software. We have written a detailed concept for
3132 that so I cannot explain the whole thing here. But in a nutshell the
3133 strategy has three crucial pillars:</p>
3134
3135 <ul>
3136
3137 <li>We really take time to get what sort of stories, questions and
3138 concerns the schools head and the teachers have about using different
3139 kinds of IT and we take time to enrol them into Free Software.</li>
3140
3141 <li>Our solution for schools is never just technical. In the centre
3142 are always the people who are going to use the software. From the very
3143 beginning of the planning for a school, we tell the schools head that
3144 they are paying us not only for a technical solution for their school,
3145 they also pay us for leading all the communication processes
3146 needed. If they do not want that, we are not working with them because
3147 we cannot give a guarantee for the quality of our work then.</li>
3148
3149 <li>Another focus lies in the training of teachers and students in
3150 co-administrating the IT-System at their school. They start getting in
3151 contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu community and they get the
3152 offer to become more and more independent from us.</li>
3153
3154 </ul>
3155
3156       </div>
3157       <div class="tags">
3158
3159
3160         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
3161
3162
3163       </div>
3164     </div>
3165     <div class="padding"></div>
3166
3167     <div class="entry">
3168       <div class="title">
3169         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_noe_for_Ballangen___Leserinnlegg_til_avisen_Fremover_.html">Skolelinux noe for Ballangen? (Leserinnlegg til avisen Fremover)</a>
3170       </div>
3171       <div class="date">
3172         14th October 2012
3173       </div>
3174       <div class="body">
3175         <p>Tirsdag 2012-10-09 sendte jeg følgende leserinnlegg til avisen
3176 <a href="http://www.fremover.no/">Fremover</a>, etter å ha vært nordpå
3177 noen dager og lest noen gamle aviser.  Publiserer den her i sin helhet
3178 for fremtidig referanse.  Fremover publiserer dessverre ikke
3179 leserinnlegg på nett.</p>
3180
3181 <blockquote>
3182 <p>To: redaksjon (at) fremover.no
3183 <br>Subject: Leserinnlegg til Fremover: Skolelinux noe for Ballangen?</p>
3184
3185 <p>Ærede redaktør</p>
3186
3187 <p>I sommer (2012-07-23) hadde Fremover et oppslag om at Narvik
3188 kommune hadde spart mellom 10 og 20 millioner kroner de siste årene på
3189 å bruke Skolelinux på sine skoler.  Harstad har også tatt i bruk
3190 Skolelinux på alle sine skoler.  Som tidligere Ballangsværing gledet
3191 det meg stort å se at skoleløsningen vi har utviklet siden 2001 tas i
3192 bruk i området der jeg vokste opp, og dermed bidrar til en bedre og
3193 billigere skolehverdag.</p>
3194
3195 <p>Skolelinux er en komplett IT-løsning for elevnettverket på en
3196 skole, med både nettverkstjenester og løsning for elevmaskiner med
3197 pedagogisk programvare, som tillater en å øke levetiden på en
3198 datamaskin i skolen med mange år.  En undersøkelse publisert i mars
3199 2012 viste at de 56 norske skolene som har offentliggjort at de bruker
3200 Skolelinux eller annen Linuxutgave hadde 36% større PC-tetthet enn
3201 landsgjennomsnittet, når en ser på tall rapportert til Grunnskolens
3202 Informasjonssystem.  I følge Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken, IKT-konsulent i
3203 Nord-Odal, fungerer datamaskiner godt til de er 8 til 10 år gamle.</p>
3204
3205 <p>I høst (2012-09-29) fortalte Fremover hvordan Ballangen kommune har
3206 opparbeidet seg 20 millioner i underskudd og nok havner på Robek-lista
3207 fra nyttår.  Kanskje Ballangen også burde ta i bruk Skolelinux for å
3208 spare penger?  Hvis kommunen mangler kompetanse lokalt på Linux finnes
3209 det kommersielle selskaper som tilbyr driftstjenester rundt
3210 Skolelinux, og jeg bør vel avsløre at jeg selv er involvert i et av
3211 dem, Skolelinux Drift AS.  Kommunen kan dermed få hjelp hvis de ikke
3212 ønsker å bygge opp egen kompetanse.</p>
3213
3214 <p>Vennlig hilsen
3215 <br>Petter Reinholdtsen
3216 <br>Fri programvareutvikler</p>
3217
3218 <p>Referanser:</p>
3219
3220 <ul>
3221
3222 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html</a></li>
3223 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html</a></li>
3224
3225 </ul>
3226
3227 </blockquote>
3228
3229 <p>Innlegget ble så vidt jeg vet trykket i papirutgaven et par dager
3230 senere, men jeg har ikke sett det selv.</p>
3231
3232       </div>
3233       <div class="tags">
3234
3235
3236         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
3237
3238
3239       </div>
3240     </div>
3241     <div class="padding"></div>
3242
3243     <div class="entry">
3244       <div class="title">
3245         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Trengs_flere_frivillige_til_korrektur_av_den_frie_norske_stavekontrollen.html">Trengs flere frivillige til korrektur av den frie norske stavekontrollen</a>
3246       </div>
3247       <div class="date">
3248         13th October 2012
3249       </div>
3250       <div class="body">
3251         <p><a href="http://no.speling.org/">Den frie norske stavekontrollen</a>
3252 består av ca. 1,3 millioner bokmåls- og nynorskord.  Det er mange
3253 kilder til ordene, f.eks. den norske ordbanken, norske nett-aviser,
3254 stavekontrollbrukere og korrekturlesere, og endel feil har sneket seg
3255 inn i databasen over ord.  For å finne og fikse feilene trengs det
3256 korrekturlesing.  Her kommer frivillige inn.</p>
3257
3258 <p>Hvis du vil bidra med korrektur av orddatabasen, kan du melde deg
3259 frivillig som bokmåls- eller nynorskkorrekturleser og få tilsendt en
3260 liten bunke ord på epost hver dag, lese over og sende inn på epost
3261 tilbake til korrekturlesing-systemet.  Jo flere som sjekker, jo
3262 raskere kommer vi igjennom hele databasen.  Så langt har vi oppdaget
3263 341 bokmålsord og 50 nynorskord som ikke skal vært med i databasen.
3264 Det er nok noen flere.  I tillegg har korrekturleserne oppdaget flere
3265 ord som manglet, og fått lagt dem inn i stavekontrollen.</p>
3266
3267 <p>Hvis du vil bidra, følg instruksene på
3268 <a href="http://no.speling.org/dokumentasjon.html">prosjektsidene</a>
3269
3270 for nye bidragsytere, og ta kontakt med Håvard eller epostlisten
3271 <a href="https://lister.ping.uio.no/mailman/listinfo/i18n-no">i18n-no</a>.
3272 Gode norskkunnskaper er en fordel, og vilje til å sjekke
3273 <a href="http://www.nob-ordbok.uio.no/perl/ordbok.cgi">ordboka</a> et
3274 krav!</p>
3275
3276       </div>
3277       <div class="tags">
3278
3279
3280         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
3281
3282
3283       </div>
3284     </div>
3285     <div class="padding"></div>
3286
3287     <div class="entry">
3288       <div class="title">
3289         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ny_utgave__v2_1__av_den_frie_norske_stavekontrollen_gitt_ut.html">Ny utgave (v2.1) av den frie norske stavekontrollen gitt ut</a>
3290       </div>
3291       <div class="date">
3292          2nd October 2012
3293       </div>
3294       <div class="body">
3295         <p>I helga fikk jeg endelig pakket sammen en ny versjon av den norske
3296 stavekontrollen, og gikk ut versjon 2.1 etter at det var gått fire og
3297 et halvt år siden sist.  I dag fikk vi sendt ut annonseringen.  Her er
3298 det vi sendte ut:</p>
3299
3300 <p>Oslo, 2012-10-02</p>
3301
3302 <p><strong>Pressemelding: Ny utgave av norsk stavekontroll med
3303 synonymordliste</strong></p>
3304
3305 <p>Mer enn fire år etter at forrige utgave av den frie norske
3306 stavekontrollen ble utgitt, er en ny og forbedret versjon klar. Dette er
3307 noe utviklerne er veldig glade for.</p>
3308
3309 <p>Den største endringen er at byggesystemet for stavekontrollen er
3310 skrevet om til å akseptere ord med bindestrek (f.eks. «e-post»). Litt
3311 over 10.000 slike ordformer er lagt til i orddatabasen. I tillegg er
3312 det kommet en del nye ord og rettelser rapportert inn av de frivillige
3313 som gjennomfører korrektur av orddatabasen i prosjektet. For å få
3314 fortgang i dette korrekturarbeidet er det fint med flere frivillige
3315 som kan bidra i prosjektet.</p>
3316
3317 <p><blockquote>
3318  - En god og fritt tilgjengelig stavekontroll er en viktig byggestein
3319    for å fremme bruken av korrekt norsk språk, sier prosjektdeltager
3320    Petter Reinholdtsen.
3321 </blockquote></p>
3322
3323 <p>Takket være samarbeidet med synonymordlisteprosjektet er
3324 synonymordlista for bokmål tilgjengelig sammen med ordlista for bokmål
3325 og nynorsk. En synonymordliste for nynorsk er også med, men den er på
3326 prøvestadiet og meget liten.</p>
3327
3328 <p>Stavekontrollpakken og synonymordlistene brukes i
3329 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org, Koffice, Mozilla Thunderbird, Firefox og
3330 en rekke andre programmer, og på både Windows, Mac OS X, Linux og
3331 BSD.</p>
3332
3333 <p>Det hele utgis under den frie lisensen GPL og kan fritt lastes ned
3334 fra prosjektsidene på
3335 <a href="http://no.speling.org">no.speling.org</a>. Ferdige pakker for
3336 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org er også tilgjengelige fra samme sted.</p>
3337
3338 <p>Det norske stavekontrollprosjektet er i kontakt med lignende
3339 prosjekter for blant annet å forbedre stavekontrollteknologien, å
3340 utveksle verktøy for vedlikehold av orddatabasen og å få tilgang til
3341 relevante datasett. Et av disse prosjektene er et separat prosjekt ved
3342 Sametinget som er i gang med å utvikle samisk stavekontroll for blant
3343 annet Microsoft Word og OpenOffice.org.</p>
3344
3345 <p>Et søsterprosjekt for å lage grammatikk-kontroll for
3346 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org er igangsatt, men har ennå ikke kommet
3347 langt nok til å brukes. Frivillige til å bidra i dette prosjektet er
3348 også svært velkomne.</p>
3349
3350 <p><strong>Kontaktperson</strong></p>
3351
3352 <p><blockquote>
3353 Axel Bojer, prosjektdeltager
3354 <br>E-post: fri_programvare (at) bojer.no
3355 <br>Tlf: +47 954 32 417
3356 </blockquote></p>
3357
3358 <p><strong>Referanser</strong></p>
3359
3360 <ul>
3361
3362 <li>Det frie norske stavekontrollprosjektet for bokmål og nynorsk:
3363     <a href="http://no.speling.org">http://no.speling.org</a></li>
3364 <li>Samiske korrekturverktøy:
3365     <a href="http://divvun.no/">http://divvun.no/</a></li>
3366 <li>Ordlistene fra Norsk ordbank:
3367     <a href="http://www.edd.uio.no/prosjekt/ordbanken/">http://www.edd.uio.no/prosjekt/ordbanken/</a></li>
3368 <li>Last ned ordlistene:
3369     <a href="http://alioth.debian.org/frs/?group_id=30577">http://alioth.debian.org/frs/?group_id=30577</a>
3370     (PS: no_NO-pack2 for OOo 2.x))</li>
3371 </ul>
3372
3373 <p><strong>Fra NEWS-fila i kildekodepakken</strong></p>
3374
3375 <p>Release 2.1 (2012-09-30)</p>
3376
3377 <ul>
3378
3379 <li>Switch to new version scheme. Make new version 2.1, not 2.0.11. We do not
3380     release often enough to justify three digits.</li>
3381 <li>Switch build rules to build OOo v2 thesaurus files, as the v1 build rules
3382     no longer work. This require the libmythes-dev package on Debian.</li>
3383 <li>Introduce new Makefile variables hyphendir and thesdir to make it easier to
3384     control where to install these.</li>
3385 <li>Change script used to import from no.speling.org, to load new word
3386     boundaries if at least two people believed the boundaries was correct.</li>
3387 <li>Added word boundaries for several words (around 500 words) using the
3388     updated script.</li>
3389 <li>Imported thesarus for bokmål from synonymer.merg.net.</li>
3390 <li>Rewrote build rules to use = instead of - as combined word marker, thus
3391     allowing words like e-post.</li>
3392 <li>Imported a lot (around 10k words) of new words with dash (-) in them from
3393     no.speling.org now that it is handled by the build system.</li>
3394 </ul>
3395
3396       </div>
3397       <div class="tags">
3398
3399
3400         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
3401
3402
3403       </div>
3404     </div>
3405     <div class="padding"></div>
3406
3407     <div class="entry">
3408       <div class="title">
3409         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Giorgio_Pioda.html">Debian Edu interview: Giorgio Pioda</a>
3410       </div>
3411       <div class="date">
3412         17th September 2012
3413       </div>
3414       <div class="body">
3415         <p>After a long break in my row of interviews with people in the
3416 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
3417 community, I finally found time to wrap up another.  This time it is
3418 Giorgio Pioda, which showed up on the mailing list at the start of
3419 this year, asking questions and inspiring us to improve the first time
3420 administrators experience with Skolelinux. :) The interview was
3421 conduced in May, but I only found time to publish it now.</p>
3422
3423 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
3424
3425 <p>I have a PhD in chemistry but since several years I work as teacher
3426 in secondary (15-18 year old students) and tertiary (a kind of "light"
3427 university) schools. Five years ago I started to manage a Learning
3428 Management Service server and slowly I got more and more involved with
3429 IT. 3 years ago the graduating schools moved completely to Linux and I
3430 got the head of the IT for this. The experience collected in chemistry
3431 labs computers (for example NMR analysis of protein folding) and in
3432 the IT-courses during university where sufficient to start. Self
3433 training is anyway very important</p>
3434
3435 <p>I live in the Italian speaking part of Switzerland, and the
3436 <a href="http://www.spse.ch/">SPSE school</a> (secondary) is a very
3437 special sport school for young people who try to became sport pro (for
3438 all sports, we have dozens of disciplines represented) and we are
3439 recognised by the Olympic Swiss Organisation.
3440
3441 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
3442 project?</strong></p>
3443
3444 <p>Looking for Linux / Primary Domain Controller (PDC) I found it
3445 already several years ago. But since the system was still not
3446 Kerberized and since our schools relies strongly on laptops I didn't
3447 use it. I plan to introduce it in the next future, probably for the
3448 next school year, since the squeeze release solved this security
3449 hole.</p>
3450
3451 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3452 Edu?</strong></p>
3453
3454 <p>Many. First of all there is a strong and living community that is
3455 very generous for help and hints.  Chat help is crucial, together with
3456 the mailing list.  Second. With Skolelinux you get an already well
3457 engineered platform and you don't have to start to build up your PDC
3458 and your clients from GNU/scratch; I've already done this once and I
3459 can tell it, it is hard. Third, since Skolelinux is a standard
3460 platform, it is way easier to educate other IT people and even if the
3461 head IT is sick another one could pick up the task without too much
3462 hassle.</p>
3463
3464 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3465 Edu?</strong></p>
3466
3467 <p>The only real problem I see is that it is a little too less
3468 flexible at client level. Debian stable is rocky and desirable, but
3469 there are many reasons that force for another choice. For example the
3470 need of new drivers for new PC, or the need for a specific OS for some
3471 devices that have specific software packages for another specific
3472 distribution (I have such a case for whiteboards that have only
3473 Ubuntu packages). Thus, I prepared compatibility packages educlient
3474 and eduroaming, hoping not to use them ;-)</p>
3475
3476 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
3477
3478 <p>I have a Debian Stable PDC at school (Kerberos, NIS, NFS) with
3479 mixed Debian and Ubuntu clients. If you think that this triad
3480 combination is exotic... well I discovered right yesterday that
3481 <a href="http://moo.nac.uci.edu/~hjm/Perceus-Report.html">Perceus</a>
3482 has the same...</p>
3483
3484 <p>For myself I run Debian wheezy/sid, but this combination is good
3485 only I you have enough competence to fix stuff for yourself, if
3486 something breaks.  Daily I use texmacs, gnumeric, a little bit of R
3487 statistics, kmplot, and less frequently OpenOffice.org.</p>
3488
3489 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
3490 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
3491
3492 <P>I think that the only real argument that school managers "hear" is
3493 cost reduction. They don't give too much weight on quality, stability,
3494 just because they are normally not open to change.</p>
3495
3496 <p>Students adapts very quickly to GNU/Linux (and for them being able
3497 to switch between different OS is a plus value); teachers and managers
3498 don't.</p>
3499
3500 <p>We decided to move to Linux because students at our school have own
3501 laptop and we have the responsibility to keep the laptop ready to use;
3502 we were really unsatisfied with Microsoft since every Monday we had 20
3503 machine to fix for viral infections... With Linux this has been
3504 reduced to zero, since people installs almost only from official
3505 repositories. I think that our special needs brought us to Linux.
3506 Those who don't have such needs will hardly move to Linux.</p>
3507
3508       </div>
3509       <div class="tags">
3510
3511
3512         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
3513
3514
3515       </div>
3516     </div>
3517     <div class="padding"></div>
3518
3519     <div class="entry">
3520       <div class="title">
3521         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">Gladoppslag om Skolelinux i avisen Fremover</a>
3522       </div>
3523       <div class="date">
3524         15th August 2012
3525       </div>
3526       <div class="body">
3527         <p>I sommer hadde avisen <a href="http://www.fremover.no/">Fremover</a>
3528 et flott oppslag om bruken av
3529 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> på alle skolene
3530 der.  Artikkelen var på trykk på side 4 og 5 i papirutgaven
3531 2012-07-23, men mangler dessverre i nettutgaven av avisen.  Mine
3532 henvendelser til avisen for å få artikkelen på nett har så langt ikke
3533 vært vellykket.</p>
3534
3535 <p>Artikkelen med tittelen "Narvik kommune bruker gratisprogram i
3536 skolen - Har spart millioner", forteller om hvordan bruken av
3537 Skolelinux er en stor suksess i Narvik siden det ble tatt i bruk i
3538 2004.  Her er noen fine sitater:</p>
3539
3540 <blockquote>
3541 "- Skolelinux har spart kommunen for store pengesummer, millionbeløp,
3542   som de heller kan bruke på andre ting, sier IKT-konsulent Viggo
3543   Fedreheim."
3544 </blockquote>
3545
3546 <p>Avisen forteller at de har fått tilgang til beregninger som viser
3547 at Narvik kommune har spart noe mellom 10 og 20 millioner kroner de
3548 siste 8 årene på å bruke Skolelinux, og fortsetter:</p>
3549
3550 <blockquote>
3551
3552 "Regnestykket tar høyde for sparte kostnader til lisenser som medfølger
3553 de alternative operativsystemene, lavere driftskostnader og lengre
3554 levetid på datautstyret.  Totalt har Narvikskolen en maskinpark på
3555 1600 maskiner fordelt på de 11 skolene fra Skjomen i sør til Bjerkvik
3556 i nord."
3557
3558 </blockquote>
3559
3560 <p>Viggo Fedreheim sier dette om hvor noe av gevinsten kommer fra:</p>
3561
3562 <blockquote>
3563 "- Vi kan gjenbruke gamle maskiner i skolen som er for dårlig andre
3564   steder i kommunen der de ikke bruker Skolelinux.  Levetiden på en
3565   datamaskin blir 3-5 år lenger med Skolelinux.  Vi kaller det for
3566   grønn IT, miljøvennlig IT."
3567 </blockquote>
3568
3569 <p>Her er det mulighet for flere kommuner å få et godt IT-system på
3570 skolene, hvis de er villige til å forsøke.  De som ikke har kompetanse
3571 innomhus kan kjøpe det fra en av de kommersielle leverandørene av
3572 Skolelinux-tjenester, som <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux
3573 Drift AS</a> (der jeg er styremedlem).  Komplett liste er tilgjengelig
3574 via
3575 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Help/ProfessionalHelp">wikien</a>.</p>
3576
3577 <p>Update 2012-08-16: Today I was allowed by Fremover to put the PDF I
3578 received from them with a copy of the article on the Internet.  It is
3579 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/2012-07-23-fremover-narvik.pdf">now
3580 available</a> in the Skolelinux press archive.</p>
3581
3582       </div>
3583       <div class="tags">
3584
3585
3586         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
3587
3588
3589       </div>
3590     </div>
3591     <div class="padding"></div>
3592
3593     <div class="entry">
3594       <div class="title">
3595         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Tips_for___bli_med_i_Skolelinux_prosjektet__som_faktisk_er_aktivt_.html">Tips for å bli med i Skolelinux-prosjektet (som faktisk er aktivt)</a>
3596       </div>
3597       <div class="date">
3598         19th July 2012
3599       </div>
3600       <div class="body">
3601         <p>Jeg fikk nettopp spørsmål på epost om Skolelinux-prosjektet lever
3602 fra en som var interessert i å bidra, og måtte jo konstatere at i og
3603 med at spørsmålet ble stilt har prosjektet ikke lyktes med å formidle
3604 sin aktivitet.  Her er det jeg svarte:</p>
3605
3606 <p><blockquote>
3607 <p>Jada, <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektet</a>
3608 lever, men det meste av utvikling foregår nå under paraplyen
3609 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/">Debian Edu</a> som er det
3610 internasjonale navnet på prosjektet.  Dugnaden i Norge organiseres av
3611 medlemsforeningen
3612 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
3613 Skolen</a>, og det finnes minst ett selskap som selger kommersiell
3614 support på løsningen (<a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux
3615 Drift AS</a>, der jeg er styremedlem).  Anbefaler at du melder deg på
3616 epostlisten
3617 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@lists.debian.org</a>
3618 (og debian-edu-announce) og
3619 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">melder deg inn i
3620 foreningen</a> for å få beskjed om aktivitet som planlegges.  Det
3621 planlegges
3622 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering">utviklersamlinger
3623 i august</a> og utover høsten.</p>
3624
3625 <p>Bidra gjerne med å spre ordet om Skolelinux.  Det er alt for få som
3626 bidrar til pressedekning, bloggposter, twittermeldinger, etc. :)</p>
3627
3628 <p>Jeg antar du har funnet
3629 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju/">bloggserien
3630 min med intervjuer</a>.  Det er antagelig også interessant for deg å
3631 følge med på <a href="http://planet.skolelinux.org/">Planet
3632 Skolelinux</a>.</p>
3633
3634 <p>Hm, jeg burde vel blogge alle disse lenkene slik at de blir enklere
3635 å finne...</p>
3636 </blockquote></p>
3637 <p>Herved gjort. :)</p>
3638
3639       </div>
3640       <div class="tags">
3641
3642
3643         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
3644
3645
3646       </div>
3647     </div>
3648     <div class="padding"></div>
3649
3650     <div class="entry">
3651       <div class="title">
3652         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__George_Bredberg.html">Debian Edu interview: George Bredberg</a>
3653       </div>
3654       <div class="date">
3655          9th July 2012
3656       </div>
3657       <div class="body">
3658         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
3659 Skolelinux</a> project have users all over the globe, but until
3660 recently we have not known about any users in Norway's neighbour
3661 country Sweden.  This changed when George Bredberg showed up in March
3662 this year on the mailing list, asking interesting questions about how
3663 to adjust and scale the just released
3664 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
3665 Wheezy</a> setup to his liking.  He granted me an interview, and I am
3666 happy to share his answers with you here.</p>
3667
3668 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
3669
3670 <p>I'm a 44 year old country guy that have been working 12 years at
3671 the same school as 50% IT-manager and 50% Teacher. My educational
3672 background is fil.kand in history and religious beliefs, an exam as a
3673 "folkhighschool" teacher, that is, for teaching grownups.  In
3674 Norwegian I believe it's called "Vuxenupplaring". I also have a master
3675 in "Technology and social change". So I'm not really a tech guy, I
3676 just like to study how humans and technology interact and that is my
3677 perspective when working with IT.</p>
3678
3679 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
3680 project?</strong></p>
3681
3682 I have followed the Skolelinux project for quite some time by
3683 now. Earlier I tested out the K12-LTSP project, which we used for some
3684 time, but I really like the idea of having a distribution aimed to be
3685 a complete solution for schools with necessary tools integrated. When
3686 K12-LTSP abandoned that idea some years ago, I started to look more
3687 seriously into Skolelinux instead.
3688
3689 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3690 Edu?</strong></p>
3691
3692 The big point of Skolelinux to me is that it is a complete
3693 distribution, ready to install. It has LDAP-support, MS Windows
3694 integration tools and so forth already configured, saving an
3695 administrator a lot of time and headache. We were using another Linux
3696 based thin-client system called Thinlinc, that has served us very
3697 well. But that Skolelinux is based on VNC and LTSP, to me, is better
3698 when it comes to the kind of multimedia used in schools. That is
3699 showing videos from Youtube or educational TV. It is also easier to
3700 mix thin clients with workstations, since the user settings will be the
3701 same. In our VNC-based solution you had to "beat around the bush" by
3702 setting up a second, hidden, home-directory for user settings for the
3703 workstations, because they will be different from the ones used on the
3704 thin clients. Skolelinux support for diskless workstations are very
3705 convenient since a school today often need to use a class room
3706 projector showing videos in full screen. That is easily done with a
3707 small integrated media computer running as a diskless workstation. You
3708 have only two installs to update and configure. One for the thin
3709 clients and one for the workstations. Also saving a lot of time.  Our
3710 old system was also based on Redhat and CentOS. They are both very
3711 nice distributions, but they are sometimes painfully slow when it
3712 comes to updating multimedia support and multimedia programs (even
3713 such as Gimp), leaving us with a bit "oldish" applications. Debian is
3714 quicker to update.
3715
3716 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3717 Edu?</strong></p>
3718
3719 <p>Debian is a bit too quick when it comes to updating. As an example
3720 we use old HP terminals as thinclients, and two times already this
3721 year (2012) the updates you get from the repositories has stopped
3722 sound from working with them.  It's a kernel/ALSA issue. So you have
3723 to be more careful properly testing the updates before you run them in
3724 a production environment. This has never happened with CentOS.</p>
3725
3726 <p>I also would like to be able to set my own domain-settings at
3727 install time.  In Skolelinux they are kind of hard coded into the
3728 distribution, when it comes to LDAP and at least samba integration.
3729 That is more a cosmetic/translation issue, and not a real problem.
3730 Running MS Windows applications within the Skolelinux environment needs
3731 to be better supported. That is, running them seamlessly via RDP, and
3732 support for single-sign on.  That will make the transition to free
3733 software easier, because you can keep the applications you really
3734 need.  No support will make it impossible if you work in a school where
3735 some applications can't be open source. As for us we really need to
3736 run Adobe InDesign in our journalist classes.  We run a journalist
3737 education, and is one of the very few non university ones that is ok:d
3738 by Svenska journalistförbundet (Swedish journalist association).  Our
3739 education gives the pupils the right of membership there, once they
3740 are done.  This is important if you want to get a job.</p>
3741
3742 <p>Adobe InDesign is the program most commonly used in newspapers and
3743 magazines.  We used Quark Express before, but they seem to loose there
3744 market to Adobe. The only "equivalent" to InDesign in the opensource
3745 world is Scribus, and its not advanced enough. At least not according
3746 to the teacher. I think it would be possible to use it, because they
3747 are not supposed to learn a program, they are supposed to learn how to
3748 edit and compile a newspaper.  But politically at our school we are not
3749 there yet.  And Scribus lacks a lot of things you find i InDesign.</p>
3750
3751 <p>We used even a windows program for sound editing when it comes to
3752 the radio-journalist part. The year to come we are going to try
3753 Audacity. That software has the same kind of limitations compared to
3754 Adobe Audition, but that teacher is a bit more open minded. We have
3755 tried Ardour also, but that instead is more like a music studio
3756 program, not intended for the kind of editing taking place in a radio
3757 studio. Its way to complex and the GUI is to scattered when you only
3758 want to cut, make pass-overs, add extra channels and normalise.  Those
3759 things you can do in Audacity, but its not as easy as in Audition. You
3760 have to do more things manually with envelopes, and that is a bit old
3761 fashion and timewasting. Its also harder to cut and move sound from
3762 one channel to another, which is a thing that you do frequently
3763 because you often find yourself needing to rearrange parts of the
3764 sound file.</p>
3765
3766 <p>So, I am not sure we will succeed in replacing even Audition, but we
3767 will try.  The problem is the students have certain expectations when
3768 they start an education towards a profession.  So the programs has to
3769 look and feel professional.  Good thing with radio, there are many
3770 programs out there, that radio studios use, so its not as standardised
3771 as Newspaper editing. That means, it does not really matter what
3772 program they learn, because once they start working they still have to
3773 learn the program the studio uses, so instead focus has to be to learn
3774 the editing part without to much focus on a specific software.</p>
3775
3776 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
3777
3778 <p>Myself I'm running Linux Mint, or Ubuntu these days.  I use almost
3779 only open source software, and preferably Linux based. When it comes
3780 to most used applications its OpenOffice, and Firefox (of course ;)
3781 )</p>
3782
3783 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
3784 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
3785
3786 <p>To get schools to use free software there has to be good open
3787 source software that are windows based, to ease the transition. But
3788 it's also very important that the multimedia support is working
3789 flawlessly.  The problems with Youtube, Twitter, Facebook and whatever
3790 will create problems when it comes to both teachers and
3791 students. Economy are also important for schools, so using thin
3792 clients, as long as they have good multimedia support, is a very good
3793 idea. It's also important that the open source software works even for
3794 the administration.  It's hard to convince the teachers to stick with
3795 open source, if the principal has to run Windows.  It also creates a
3796 problem if some classes has to use Windows for there tasks, since that
3797 will create a difference in "status" between classes, so a good
3798 support for running windows applications via the thin client (Linux)
3799 desktop is essential.  At least at our school, where we have mixed
3800 level of educations, from high-school to journalist-school.</p>
3801
3802 <p>Update 2012-07-09 08:30: Paul Wise tipped me on IRC about three
3803 useful sources related to Free Software for radio stations: the LWN
3804 article <a href="https://lwn.net/Articles/481607/">Radio station
3805 management with Airtime</a>,
3806 <a href="http://www.sourcefabric.org/en/airtime/">Airtime</a> which
3807 claim to be a Free open source radio automation software and
3808 <a href="http://www.rivendellaudio.org/">Rivendell</a> which claim to
3809 be complete radio broadcast automation solution.  All of them seem
3810 useful to the aspiring radio producer.</p>
3811
3812       </div>
3813       <div class="tags">
3814
3815
3816         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
3817
3818
3819       </div>
3820     </div>
3821     <div class="padding"></div>
3822
3823     <div class="entry">
3824       <div class="title">
3825         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_do_schools_waste_money_on_IT_.html">Why do schools waste money on IT?</a>
3826       </div>
3827       <div class="date">
3828          8th July 2012
3829       </div>
3830       <div class="body">
3831         <p>In the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project, we have realised that one
3832 of the major blockers for the project success is the purchasing skills
3833 in schools and municipalities.  We provide what the happy users of
3834 Debian Edu / Skolelinux say they need and to a lower cost than the
3835 alternatives, and yet so few schools decide to use our solution.  I
3836 was pleased to discover the same observation done by mySociety and Tom
3837 Steinberg in his blog post
3838 "<a href="http://www.mysociety.org/2012/06/19/can-you-recognize-the-million-pound-chair/">Can
3839 you recognize the million pound chair?</a>".  Read it and weep for the
3840 spending of your tax money.</p>
3841
3842 <p>Of course there are other factors involved as well, like our
3843 projects bad marketing skills and the Linux community fragmentation
3844 causing worry with the people on the outside, so we as a project need
3845 to keep working hard to gain users, but it is a up-hill battle when
3846 public decision makers are unable to understand computer system
3847 purchases.</p>
3848
3849       </div>
3850       <div class="tags">
3851
3852
3853         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3854
3855
3856       </div>
3857     </div>
3858     <div class="padding"></div>
3859
3860     <div class="entry">
3861       <div class="title">
3862         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Free_Timetabling_Software___nice_free_software.html">Free Timetabling Software - nice free software</a>
3863       </div>
3864       <div class="date">
3865          7th July 2012
3866       </div>
3867       <div class="body">
3868         <p>Included in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
3869 Skolelinux</a> is a large collection of end user and school specific
3870 software.  It is one of the packages not installed by default but
3871 provided in the Debian archive for schools to install if they want to,
3872 is a system to automatically plan the school time table using
3873 information about available teachers, classes and rooms, combined with
3874 the list of required courses and how many hours each topic should
3875 receive.  The software is
3876
3877 <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/">named FET</a>, and it provide a
3878 graphical user interface to input the required information, save the
3879 result in a fairly simple XML format, and generate time tables for
3880 both teachers and students.  It is available both for
3881 <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/download.html">Linux, MacOSX and
3882 Windows</a>.</p>
3883
3884 <p>This is <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/features.html">the
3885 feature list</a>, liftet from the project web site:</p>
3886
3887 <p><ul>
3888
3889   <li>FET is free software, licensed under the GNU GPL v2 or later.
3890     You can freely use, copy, modify and redistribute it </li>
3891
3892   <li>Localized to en_US (US English, default), ar (Arabic), ca
3893     (Catalan), da (Danish), de (German), el (Greek), es (Spanish), fa
3894     (Persian), fr (French), gl (Galician), he (Hebrew), hu
3895     (Hungarian), id (Indonesian), it (Italian), lt (Lithuanian), mk
3896     (Macedonian), ms (Malay), nl (Dutch), pl (Polish), pt_BR
3897     (Brazilian Portuguese), ro (Romanian), ru (Russian), si (Sinhala),
3898     sk (Slovak), sr (Serbian), tr (Turkish), uk (Ukrainian), uz
3899     (Uzbek) and vi (Vietnamese) (incompletely for some languages)
3900     </li>
3901
3902   <li>Fully automatic generation algorithm, allowing also
3903     semi-automatic or manual allocation</li>
3904
3905   <li>Platform independent implementation, allowing running on
3906     GNU/Linux, Windows, Mac and any system that Qt supports </li>
3907
3908   <li>Flexible modular XML format for the input file, allowing editing
3909     with an XML editor or by hand (besides FET interface)</li>
3910
3911   <li>Import/export from CSV format</li>
3912
3913   <li>The resulted timetables are exported into HTML, XML and CSV
3914     formats </li>
3915
3916   <li>Flexible students structure, organized into sets: years, groups
3917     and subgroups. FET allows overlapping years and groups and
3918     non-overlapping subgroups. You can even define individual students
3919     (as separate sets)</li>
3920
3921   <li>Each constraint has a weight percentage, from 0.0% to 100.0%
3922     (but some special constraints are allowed to have only 100% weight
3923     percentage)</li>
3924
3925   <li>Limits for the algorithm (all these limits can be increased on
3926     demand, as a custom version, because this would require a bit more
3927     memory):
3928     <ul>
3929       <li>Maximum total number of hours (periods) per day: 60</li>
3930       <li>Maximum number of working days per week: 35</li>
3931       <li>Maximum total number of teachers: 6000</li>
3932       <li>Maximum total number of sets of students: 30000</li>
3933       <li>Maximum total number of subjects: 6000</li>
3934       <li>Virtually unlimited number of activity tags</li>
3935       <li>Maximum number of activities: 30000</li>
3936       <li>Maximum number of rooms: 6000</li>
3937       <li>Maximum number of buildings: 6000</li>
3938       <li>Possibility of adding multiple teachers and
3939           students sets for each activity.  (it is possible
3940           also to have no teachers or no students sets for an
3941           activity)</li>
3942       <li>Virtually unlimited number of time constraints</li>
3943       <li>Virtually unlimited number of space constraints</li>
3944     </ul></li>
3945
3946   <li>A large and flexible palette of time constraints:
3947     <ul>
3948       <li>Break periods</li>
3949       <li>For teacher(s):
3950         <ul>
3951           <li>Not available periods</li>
3952           <li>Max/min days per week</li>
3953           <li>Max gaps per day/week</li>
3954           <li>Max hours daily/continuously</li>
3955           <li>Min hours daily</li>
3956           <li>Max hours daily/continuously with an activity tag</li>
3957
3958           <li>Respect working in an hourly interval a max number of
3959             days per week</li>
3960         </ul></li>
3961       <li>For students (sets):
3962         <ul>
3963           <li>Not available periods</li>
3964           <li>Begins early (specify max allowed beginnings at second hour)</li>
3965           <li>Max gaps per day/week</li>
3966           <li>Max hours daily/continuously</li>
3967           <li>Min hours daily</li>
3968           <li>Max hours daily/continuously with an activity tag</li>
3969
3970           <li>Respect working in an hourly interval a max number of
3971             days per week</li>
3972         </ul></li>
3973       <li>For an activity or a set of activities/subactivities:
3974         <ul>
3975           <li>A single preferred starting time</li>
3976           <li>A set of preferred starting times</li>
3977           <li>A set of preferred time slots</li>
3978           <li>Min/max days between them</li>
3979           <li>End(s) students day</li>
3980           <li>Same starting time/day/hour</li>
3981           <li>Occupy max time slots from selection (a complex and
3982             flexible constraint, useful in many situations)</li>
3983           <li>Consecutive, ordered, grouped (for 2 or 3 (sub)activities)</li>
3984           <li>Not overlapping</li>
3985           <li>Max simultaneous in selected time slots</li>
3986           <li>Min gaps between a set of (sub)activities</li>
3987         </ul></li>
3988     </ul></li>
3989
3990   <li>A large and flexible palette of space constraints:
3991     <ul>
3992       <li>Room not available periods</li>
3993       <li>For teacher(s):
3994         <ul>
3995           <li>Home room(s)</li>
3996           <li>Max building changes per day/week</li>
3997           <li>Min gaps between building changes</li>
3998         </ul>
3999       </li>
4000
4001       <li>For students (sets):
4002         <ul>
4003           <li>Home room(s)</li>
4004           <li>Max building changes per day/week</li>
4005           <li>Min gaps between building changes</li>
4006         </ul>
4007       </li>
4008       <li>Preferred room(s):
4009         <ul>
4010           <li>For a subject</li>
4011           <li>For an activity tag</li>
4012           <li>For a subject and an activity tag</li>
4013           <li>Individually for a (sub)activity</li>
4014         </ul>
4015       </li>
4016
4017       <li>For a set of activities:
4018         <ul>
4019           <li>Occupy a maximum number of different rooms</li>
4020         </ul>
4021       </li>
4022     </ul>
4023   </li>
4024 </ul></p>
4025
4026 <p>I have not used it myself, as I am not involved in time table
4027 planning at a school, but it seem to work fine when I test it.  If you
4028 need to set up your schools time table, and is tired of doing it
4029 manually, check it out.
4030
4031 A quick summary on how to use it can be found in
4032 <a href="http://marvelsoft.co.in/wp/2012/03/generate-timetable-for-state-cbse-icse-igcse-schools-free/">a
4033 blog post from MarvelSoft</a>.  If you find FET useful, please provide
4034 a recipe for the Debian Edu project in the
4035 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu#Howtos">Debian Edu HowTo
4036 section</a>.</p>
4037
4038       </div>
4039       <div class="tags">
4040
4041
4042         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4043
4044
4045       </div>
4046     </div>
4047     <div class="padding"></div>
4048
4049     <div class="entry">
4050       <div class="title">
4051         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Markus_Gamenius.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Markus Gamenius</a>
4052       </div>
4053       <div class="date">
4054         30th June 2012
4055       </div>
4056       <div class="body">
4057         <p>Tidligere leder av
4058 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no">foreningen som
4059 organiserer Skolelinux-dugnaden</a>, Markus Gamenius , har i vår vært
4060 i media og
4061 <a href="http://www.dn.no/privatokonomi/article2345489.ece">debattert
4062 skattepolitikk</a>, og det fikk meg til å høre om han kunne lokkes til
4063 å fortelle om hans inntrykk nå, etter at han ble lokket bort fra
4064 Linux- og <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-verden
4065 for å overta familiebedriften.  Her har vi hans betraktninger i dag,
4066 noen måneder etter at
4067 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Skolelinux
4068 Squeeze</a>-utgaven ble gitt ut.</p>
4069
4070 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
4071
4072 <p>Jeg heter Markus Gamenius og er 40 år.  Utdannet biolog med ymse
4073 fag på siden.  Har jobbet som lærer der jeg var driftsansvarlig på
4074 Ulsrud VGS i Oslo.  Senere eide og jobbet jeg flere år i Linuxlabs AS,
4075 som jeg solgte til Redpill Linpro AS (den gangen Linpro AS).  I dag
4076 jobber jeg med ulike investeringer, hovedsaklig i eiendom, men også i
4077 en del ulike IT-relaterte bedrifter.</p>
4078
4079 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
4080
4081 <p>Fruen og jeg dro på en lengre seiltur i 2000, der jeg måtte ha "noe
4082 å gjøre" under hjemturen over Atlanteren.  Jeg kjøpte et par bøker om
4083 Linux i en bokhandel i New York og ble veldig fascinert.  Etter
4084 hjemkomsten begynte jeg å jobbe på Ulsrud VGS, som naturfagslærer, men
4085 som IT-interessert ble jeg fort en del av den nye IT-satsningen som
4086 skulle løfte Ulsrud og gi skolen en bedre rykte.  Vi hadde ganske
4087 mange maskiner, som gikk på Win98 og to servere som ble oppgradert til
4088 Win2000.  Systemene var ustabil og dårlige.  På leting etter noe
4089 bedre, uten å knekke ryggen økonomisk, kom jeg over "Linux i Skolen"
4090 og Skolelinux.  Jeg tok kontakt med miljøet og en gjeng møtte opp på
4091 skolen, der vi gjorde en liten testinstallasjon.  Etter et par år var
4092 ryggraden på skolen Linux (Skolelinux) og vi hadde flere hundre
4093 maskiner, både tynne klienter (gamle og nye), bærbare (Debian) og noen
4094 stasjonære (Win2000).  På et tidspunkt var Ulsrud den råeste IT-skolen
4095 og det irriterte skolesjefen i Oslo, da de satset hardt på
4096 Windows.</p>
4097
4098 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
4099
4100 <p>Det som gjorde at vi fikk inn Skolelinux var ene og alene
4101 økonomiske.  Det faktum at vi slapp å kjøpe masse nye lisenser og at
4102 vi kunne bruke gammel hardware.  Alt i alt gjorde dette at vi sparte
4103 mye, men i stede for å bruke mindre på IT brukte vi det vi sparte på å
4104 skaffe mer hardware og på den måten gi det beste tilbudet i landet til
4105 våre elever.  For oss som driftet var det himmel å ha et system som
4106 gikk å administrere sentralt og effektivt.  Det var heller ikke så
4107 dumt at vi kunne "låse" maskinene mer effektivt enn vi kunne med
4108 Microsoft Windows, slik at vi slapp mye feil og problemer som ble
4109 forårsaket av "kreative" elever.</p>
4110
4111 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
4112
4113 <p>Det vi slet med var mangelen av en del programmer lærerne ville ha.
4114 Husker ikke alle, men det var et knippe med pedagogiske programmer de
4115 ikke fikk.  I dag tror jeg det problemet er langt mindre da det meste
4116 av disse kjøres gjennom nettleseren.</p>
4117
4118 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
4119
4120 <p>Jeg bruker mye Apple i dag og er ikke så stolt av det, men jeg har
4121 både OpenOffice, Firefox og en del andre programmer på den bærbare.
4122 Firefox brukes mest av disse.  På Apple-serveren hjemme bruker jeg
4123 HandBrake mye, og jeg har installert OpenWRT på flere av
4124 basestasjonene både hjemme og på jobben.  I tillegg til det har jeg i
4125 flere år finansiert et prosjekt som heter
4126 <a href="http://www.found.no/">Found IT</a>.  Dette er et prosjekt der
4127 vi lager et rammeverk for søk, der alt vi bruker fri programvare.  Det
4128 er Alex Brasetvik som er daglig leder i Found IT.</p>
4129
4130 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
4131 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
4132
4133 <p>Når det gjelder IT og skole er fortsatt økonomi veldig viktig.  Så
4134 man må oppfylle minimumskravene (ikke være best, men bra nok) og selge
4135 seg inn på hvor mye man sparer.  Det betyr selvsagt at man sparer på
4136 lisenser, men også på driftsinnsats.  Men nå når jeg ikke er en aktiv
4137 del av miljøet lenger hører jeg nesten ingen ting om fri programvare.
4138 Jeg stiller meg da spørsmålet om det har blitt stille rundt miljøet,
4139 eller om jeg kun så det tydeligere før når jeg var aktiv? Uansett er
4140 det for stille rundt Skolelinux-prosjektet nå.</p>
4141
4142       </div>
4143       <div class="tags">
4144
4145
4146         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4147
4148
4149       </div>
4150     </div>
4151     <div class="padding"></div>
4152
4153     <div class="entry">
4154       <div class="title">
4155         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Jos__Luis_Redrejo_Rodr_guez.html">Debian Edu interview: José Luis Redrejo Rodríguez</a>
4156       </div>
4157       <div class="date">
4158         26th June 2012
4159       </div>
4160       <div class="body">
4161         <p>I've been too busy at home, but finally I found time to wrap up
4162 another interview with the people behind
4163 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>.
4164 This time we get to know José Luis Redrejo Rodríguez, one of our great
4165 helpers from Spain.  His effort was the reason we added support for
4166 several desktop types (KDE, Gnome and most recently LXDE) in Debian
4167 Edu, and have all of these available in the recently published
4168 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
4169 Squeeze</a> version.</p>
4170
4171 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4172
4173 <p>I'm a father, teacher and engineer who is working for the Education
4174 ministry of the Region of Extremadura (Spain) in the implementation of
4175 ICT in schools</p>
4176
4177 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
4178 project?</strong></p>
4179
4180 <p>At 2006, I verified that both, we in Extremadura and Skolelinux
4181 project, had been working in parallel for some years, doing very
4182 similar things, using very similar tools and with similar targets, so
4183 I decided it was time to join forces as much as possible.</p>
4184
4185 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4186 Edu?</strong></p>
4187
4188 <p>A community of highly skilled experts working together, with a
4189 really open schema of collaboration and work. I really love the
4190 concepts of Do-ocracy and Merit-ocracy and the way these concepts are
4191 been used everyday inside Debian Edu.</p>
4192
4193 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4194 Edu?</strong></p>
4195
4196 <p>Sometimes the differences in the implementations, laws or
4197 economical and technical resources in the different countries don't
4198 allow us to agree in the same solution for all of us, and several
4199 approaches are needed, what is a waste of effort. Also, there is a
4200 lack of more man power to be able to follow the fast evolution of the
4201 technologies in school.</p>
4202
4203 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4204
4205 <p>Debian, of course, and due to my kind of job I am most of my time
4206 between Iceweasel, <a href="http://www.geany.org/">Geany</a> and
4207 <a href="http://www.ohloh.net/p/gnome-terminator">Terminator</a>.</p>
4208
4209 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4210 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4211
4212 <p>I think there is not a single strategy because there are very
4213 different scenarios: schools with mixed proprietary and free
4214 environments, schools using only workstations, other schools using
4215 laptops, netbooks, tablets, interactive white-boards, etc.</p>
4216
4217 <p>Also the range of ages of the students is very broad and you can
4218 not use the same solutions for primary schools and secondary or even
4219 universities. So different strategies are needed.</p>
4220
4221 <p>But, looking at these differences, and looking back to the things
4222 we've done and implemented, and the places were we have spent most of
4223 our forces, I think we should focus as much as possible in free
4224 multi-platform environments, using only standards tools, and moving
4225 more and more to Internet or network solutions that could be deployed
4226 using wireless. I think we'll see more and more personal devices in
4227 the schools, devices the students and teachers will take home with
4228 them, so the solutions must be able to be taken at home and continue
4229 working there.</p>
4230
4231       </div>
4232       <div class="tags">
4233
4234
4235         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4236
4237
4238       </div>
4239     </div>
4240     <div class="padding"></div>
4241
4242     <div class="entry">
4243       <div class="title">
4244         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu___some_ideas_for_the_future_versions.html">Debian Edu - some ideas for the future versions</a>
4245       </div>
4246       <div class="date">
4247         11th June 2012
4248       </div>
4249       <div class="body">
4250         <p>During my work on
4251 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.nb.html">Debian Edu
4252 based on Squeeze</a>, I came across some issues that should be
4253 addressed in the Wheezy release.  I finally found time to wrap up my
4254 notes and provide quick summary of what I found, with a bit
4255 explanation.</p>
4256
4257 <p><ul>
4258
4259 <li>We need to rewrite our package installation framework, as tasksel
4260 changed from using tasksel tasks to using meta packages (aka packages
4261 with dependencies like our education-* packages), and our installation
4262 system depend on tasksel tasks in
4263 /usr/share/tasksel/debian-edu-tasks.desc for package
4264 installation.</li>
4265
4266 <li>Enable Kerberos login for more services.  Now with the Kerberos
4267 foundation in place, we should use it to get single sign on with more
4268 services, and avoiding unneeded password / login questions.  We should
4269 at least try to enable it for these services:
4270 <ul>
4271
4272   <li>CUPS for admins to add/configure printers and users when using
4273     quotas.</li>
4274   <li>Nagios for admins checking the system status.</li>
4275   <li>GOsa for admins updating LDAP and users changing their passwords.</li>
4276   <li>LDAP for admins updating LDAP.</li>
4277   <li>Squid for users when exam mode / filtering is active.</li>
4278   <li>ssh for admins and users to save a password prompt.</li>
4279
4280 </ul></li>
4281
4282 <li>When we move GOsa to use Kerberos instead of LDAP bind to
4283 authenticate users, we should try to block or at least limit access to
4284 use LDAP bind for authentication, to ensure Kerberos is used when it
4285 is intended, and nothing fall back to using the less safe LDAP bind</li>
4286
4287 <li>Merge debian-edu-config and debian-edu-install.  The split made
4288 sense when d-e-install did a lot more, but these days it is just an
4289 inconvenience when we update the debconf preseeding values.</li>
4290
4291 <li>Fix partman-auto to allow us to abort the installation before
4292 touching the disk if the disk is too small.  This is
4293 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/653305">BTS report #653305</a> and the
4294 d-i developers are fine with the patch and someone just need to apply
4295 it and upload.  After this is done we need to adjust
4296 debian-edu-install to use this new hook.</li>
4297
4298 <li>Adjust to new LTSP framework (boot time config instead of install
4299 time config).  LTSP changed its design, and our hooks to install
4300 packages and update the configuration is most likely not going to work
4301 in Wheezy.
4302
4303 <li>Consider switching to NBD instead of NFS for LTSP root, to allow
4304 the Kernel to cache files in its normal file cache, possibly speeding
4305 up KDE login on slow networks.</li>
4306
4307 <li>Make it possible to create expired user passwords that need to
4308 change on first login.  This is useful when handing out password on
4309 paper, to make sure only the user know the password.  This require
4310 fixes to the PAM handling of kdm and gdm.</li>
4311
4312 <li>Make GUI for adding new machines automatically from sitesummary.
4313 The current command line script is not very friendly to people most
4314 familiar with GUIs.  This should probably be integrated into GOsa to
4315 have it available where the admin will be looking for it..</li>
4316
4317 <li>We should find way for Nagios to check that the DHCP service
4318 actually is working (as in handling out IP addresses).  None of the
4319 Nagios checks I have found so far have been working for me.</li>
4320
4321 <li>We should switch from libpam-nss-ldapd to sssd for all profiles
4322 using LDAP, and not only on for roaming workstations, to have less
4323 packages to configure and consistent setup across all profiles.</li>
4324
4325 <li>We should configure Kerberos to update LDAP and Samba password
4326 when changing password using the Kerberos protocol.  The hook was
4327 requested in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/588968">BTS report
4328 #588968</a> and is now available in Wheezy.  We might need to write a
4329 MIT Kerberos plugin in C to get this.</li>
4330
4331 <li>We should clean up the set of applications installed by default.
4332 <ul>
4333
4334 <li>reduce the number of chemistry visualisers</li>
4335 <li>consider dropping xpaint</li>
4336 <li>and probably more?</li>
4337 </ul></li>
4338
4339 <li>Some hardware need external firmware to work properly.  This is
4340 mostly the case for WiFi network cards, but there are some other
4341 examples too.  For popular laptops to work out of the box, such
4342 firmware need to be installed from non-free, and we should provide
4343 some GUI to do this.  Ubuntu already have this implemented, and we
4344 could consider using their packages.  At the moment we have some
4345 command line script to do this (one for the running system, another
4346 for the LTSP chroot).</li>
4347
4348
4349 <li>In Squeeze, we provide KDE, Gnome and LXDE as desktop options.  We
4350 should extend the list to Xfce and Sugar, and preferably find a way to
4351 install several and allow the admin or the user to select which one to
4352 use.</li>
4353
4354 <li>The golearn tool from the goplay package make it easy to check out
4355 interesting educational packages.  We should work on the package
4356 tagging in Debian to ensure it represent all the useful educational
4357 packages, and extend the tool to allow it to use packagekit to install
4358 new applications with a simple mouse click.</li>
4359
4360 <li>The Squeeze version got half a exam solution already in place,
4361 with the introduction of iptable based network blocking, but for it to
4362 be a complete exam solution the Squid proxy need to enable
4363 filtering/blocking as well when the exam mode is enabled.  We should
4364 implement a way to easily enable this for the schools that want it,
4365 instead of the "it is documented" method of today.</li>
4366
4367 <li>A feature used in several schools is the ability for a teacher to
4368 "take over" the desktop of individual or all computers in the room.
4369 There are at least three implementations,
4370 <a href="italc.sourceforge.net/">italc</a>,
4371 <a href="http://www.itais.net/help/en/">controlaula</a> og
4372 <a href="http://www.epoptes.org/">epoptes</a> and we should pick one of
4373 them and make it trivial to set it up in a school.  The challenges is
4374 how to distribute crypto keys and how to group computers in one room
4375 and how to set up which machine/user can control the machines in a
4376 given room.</li>
4377
4378 <li>Tablets and surf boards are getting more and more popular, and we
4379 should look into providing a good solution for integrating these into
4380 the Debian Edu network.  Not quite sure how.  Perhaps we should
4381 provide a installation profile with better touch screen support for
4382 them, or add some sync services to allow them to exchange
4383 configuration and data with the central server.  This should be
4384 investigated.</li>
4385
4386 </ul></p>
4387
4388 <p>I guess we will discover more as we continue to work on the Wheezy
4389 version.</p>
4390
4391       </div>
4392       <div class="tags">
4393
4394
4395         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4396
4397
4398       </div>
4399     </div>
4400     <div class="padding"></div>
4401
4402     <div class="entry">
4403       <div class="title">
4404         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Mike_Gabriel.html">Debian Edu interview: Mike Gabriel</a>
4405       </div>
4406       <div class="date">
4407          2nd June 2012
4408       </div>
4409       <div class="body">
4410         <p>Back in 2010, Mike Gabriel showed up on the
4411 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
4412 mailing list.  He quickly proved to be a valuable developer, and
4413 thanks to his tireless effort we now have Kerberos integrated into the
4414 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
4415 Squeeze</a> version.</p>
4416
4417 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4418
4419 <p>My name is Mike Gabriel, I am 38 years old and live near Kiel,
4420 Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. I live together with a wonderful partner
4421 (Angela Fuß) and two own children and two bonus children (contributed
4422 by Angela).</p>
4423
4424 <p>During the day I am part-time employed as a system administrator
4425 and part-time working as an IT consultant. The consultancy work
4426 touches free software topics wherever and whenever possible. During
4427 the nights I am a free software developer. In the gaps I also train in
4428 becoming an osteopath.</p>
4429
4430 <p>Starting in 2010 we (Andreas Buchholz, Angela Fuß, Mike Gabriel)
4431 have set up a free software project in the area of Kiel that aims at
4432 introducing free software into schools. The project's name is
4433 "IT-Zukunft Schule" (IT future for schools). The project links IT
4434 skills with communication skills.</p>
4435
4436 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
4437 project?</strong></p>
4438
4439 <p>While preparing our own customised Linux distribution for
4440 "IT-Zukunft Schule" we were repeatedly asked if we really wanted to
4441 reinvent the wheel. What schools really need is already available,
4442 people said.  From this impulse we started evaluating other Linux
4443 distributions that target being used for school networks.</p>
4444
4445 <p>At the end we short-listed two approaches and compared them: a
4446 commercial Linux distribution developed by a company in Bremen,
4447 Germany, and Skolelinux / Debian Edu. Between 12/2010 and 03/2011 we
4448 went to several events and met people being responsible for marketing
4449 and development of either of the distributions. Skolelinux / Debian
4450 Edu was by far much more convincing compared to the other product that
4451 got short-listed beforehand--across the full spectrum. What was most
4452 attractive for me personally: the perspective of collaboration within
4453 the developmental branch of the Debian Edu project itself.</p>
4454
4455 <p>In parallel with this, we talked to many local and not-so-local
4456 people.  People teaching at schools, headmasters, politicians, data
4457 protection experts, other IT professionals.</p>
4458
4459 <p>We came to two conclusions:</p>
4460
4461 <p>First, a technical conclusion: What schools need is available in
4462 bits and pieces here and there, and none of the solutions really fit
4463 by 100%. Any school we have seen has a very individual IT setup
4464 whereas most of each school's requirements could mapped by a standard
4465 IT solution.  The requirement to this IT solution is flexibility and
4466 customisability, so that individual adaptations here and there are
4467 possible.  In terms of re-distributing and rolling out such a
4468 standardised IT system for schools (a system that is still to some
4469 degree customisable) there is still a lot of work to do here
4470 locally. Debian Edu / Skolelinux has been our choice as the starting
4471 point.</p>
4472
4473 <p>Second, a holistic conclusion: What schools need does not exist at
4474 all (or we missed it so far). There are several technical solutions
4475 for handling IT at schools that tend to make a good impression. What
4476 has been missing completely here in Germany, though, is the enrolment
4477 of people into using IT and teaching with IT. "IT-Zukunft Schule"
4478 tries to provide an approach for this.</p>
4479
4480 <p>Only some schools have some sort of a media concept which explains,
4481 defines and gives guidance on how to use IT in class. Most schools in
4482 Northern Germany do not have an IT service provider, the school's IT
4483 equipment is managed by one or (if the school is lucky) two (admin)
4484 teachers, most of the workload these admin teachers get done in there
4485 spare time.</p>
4486
4487 <p>We were surprised that only a very few admin teachers were
4488 networked with colleagues from other schools. Basically, every school
4489 here around has its individual approach of providing IT equipment to
4490 teachers and students and the exchange of ideas has been quasi
4491 non-existent until 2010/2011.</p>
4492
4493 <p>Quite some (non-admin) teachers try to avoid using IT technology in
4494 class as a learning medium completely. Several reasons for this
4495 avoidance do exist.</p>
4496
4497 <p>We discovered that no-one has ever taken a closer look at this
4498 social part of IT management in schools, so far. On our quest journey
4499 for a technical IT solution for schools, we discussed this issue with
4500 several teachers, headmasters, politicians, other IT professionals and
4501 they all confirmed: a holistic approach of considering IT management
4502 at schools, an approach that includes the people in place, will be new
4503 and probably a gain for all.</p>
4504
4505 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4506 Edu?</strong></p>
4507
4508 <p>There is a list of advantages: international context, openness to
4509 any kind of contributions, do-ocracy policy, the closeness to Debian,
4510 the different installation scenarios possible (from stand-alone
4511 workstation to complex multi-server sites), the transparency within
4512 project communication, honest communication within the group of
4513 developers, etc.</p>
4514
4515 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4516 Edu?</strong></p>
4517
4518 <p>Every coin has two sides:</p>
4519
4520 <p>Technically: <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/311188">BTS issue
4521 #311188</a>, tricky upgradability of a Debian Edu main server, network
4522 client installations on top of a plain vanilla Debian installation
4523 should become possible sometime in the near future, one could think
4524 about splitting the very complex package debian-edu-config into
4525 several portions (to make it easier for new developers to
4526 contribute).</p>
4527
4528 <p>Another issue I see is that we (as Debian Edu developers) should
4529 find out more about the network of people who do the marketing for
4530 Debian Edu / Skolelinux. There is a very active group in Germany
4531 promoting Skolelinux on the bigger Linux Days within Germany. Are
4532 there other groups like that in other countries? How can we bring
4533 these marketing people together (marketing group A with group B and
4534 all of them with the group of Debian Edu developers)? During the last
4535 meeting of the German Skolelinux group, I got the impression of people
4536 there being rather disconnected from the development department of
4537 Debian Edu / Skolelinux.</p>
4538
4539 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4540
4541 <p>For my daily business, I do not use commercial software at all.</p>
4542
4543 <p>For normal stuff I use Iceweasel/Firefox, Libreoffice.org. For
4544 serious text writing I prefer LaTeX. I use gimp, inkscape, scribus for
4545 more artistic tasks. I run virtual machines in KVM and Virtualbox.</p>
4546
4547 <p>I am one of the upstream developers of X2Go. In 2010 I started the
4548 development of a Python based X2Go Client, called PyHoca-GUI.
4549 PyHoca-GUI has brought forth a Python X2Go Client API that currently
4550 is being integrated in Ubuntu's software center.</p>
4551
4552 <p>For communications I have my own Kolab server running using Horde
4553 as web-based groupware client. For IRC I love to use irssi, for Jabber
4554 I have several clients that I use, mostly pidgin, though. I am also
4555 the Debian maintainer of Coccinella, a Jabber-based interactive
4556 whiteboard.</p>
4557
4558 <p>My favourite terminal emulator is KDE's Yakuake.</p>
4559
4560 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4561 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4562
4563 <p>Communicate, communicate, communicate. Enrol people, enrol people,
4564 enrol people.</p>
4565
4566       </div>
4567       <div class="tags">
4568
4569
4570         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4571
4572
4573       </div>
4574     </div>
4575     <div class="padding"></div>
4576
4577     <div class="entry">
4578       <div class="title">
4579         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Ralf_Gesellensetter.html">Debian Edu interview: Ralf Gesellensetter</a>
4580       </div>
4581       <div class="date">
4582         27th May 2012
4583       </div>
4584       <div class="body">
4585         <p>In 2003, a German teacher showed up on the
4586 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
4587 mailing list with interesting problems and reports proving he setting
4588 up Linux for a (for us at the time) lot of pupils.  His name was Ralf
4589 Gesellensetter, and he has been an important tester and contributor
4590 since then, helping to make sure the
4591 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
4592 Squeeze</a> release became as good as it is..</p>
4593
4594 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4595
4596 <p>I am a teacher from Germany, and my subjects are Geography,
4597 Mathematics, and Computer Science ("Informatik"). During the past 12
4598 years (since 2000), I have been working for a comprehensive (and soon,
4599 also inclusive) school leading to all kind of general levels, such as
4600 O- or A-level ("Abitur").  For quite as long, I've been taking care of
4601 our computer network.</p>
4602
4603 <p>Now, in my early 40s, I enjoy the privilege of spending a lot of my
4604 spare time together with my wife, our son (3 years) and our daughter
4605 (4 months).</p>
4606
4607 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
4608 project?</strong></p>
4609
4610 <p>We had tried different Linux based school servers, when members of
4611 my local Linux User Group (LUG OWL) detected Skolelinux. I remember
4612 very well, being part of a party celebrating the Linux New Media Award
4613 ("Best Newcomer Distribution", also nominated: Ubuntu) that was given
4614 to Skolelinux at Linux World Exposition in Frankfurt, 2005 (IIRC). Few
4615 months later, I had the chance to join a developer meeting in Ulsrud
4616 (Oslo) and to hand out the award to Knut Yrvin and others.  For more
4617 than 7 years, Skolelinux is part of our schools infrastructure, namely
4618 our main server (tjener), one LTSP (today without thin clients), and
4619 approximately 50 work stations. Most of these have the option to boot a
4620 locally installed Skolelinux image.  As a consequence, I joined quite
4621 a few events dealing with free software or Linux, and met many Debian
4622 (Edu) developers. All of them seemed quite nice and competent to me,
4623 one more reason to stick to Skolelinux.</p>
4624
4625 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4626 Edu?</strong></p>
4627
4628 <p>Debian driven, you are given all the advantages of a community
4629 project including well maintained updates. Once, you are familiar with
4630 the network layout, you can easily roll out an entire educational
4631 computer infrastructure, from just one installation media. As only
4632 free software (FOSS) is used, that supports even elderly hardware,
4633 up-sizing your IT equipment is only limited by space (i.e. available
4634 labs).  Especially if you run a LTSP thin client server, your
4635 administration costs tend towards zero.</p>
4636
4637 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4638 Edu?</strong></p>
4639
4640 <p>While Debian's stability has loads of advantages for servers, this
4641 might be different in some cases for clients: Schools with unlimited
4642 budget might buy new hardware with components that are not yet
4643 supported by Debian stable, or wish to use more recent versions of
4644 office packages or desktop environments.  These schools have the
4645 option to run Debian testing or other distributions - if they have the
4646 capacity to do so.  Another issue is that Debian release cycles
4647 include a wide range of changes; therefor a high percentage of human
4648 power seems to be absorbed by just keeping the features of Skolelinux
4649 within the new setting of the version to come. During this process,
4650 the cogs of Debian Edu are getting more and more professional,
4651 i.e. harder to understand for novices.</p>
4652
4653 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4654
4655 <p>LibreOffice, Wikipedia, Openstreetmap, Iceweasel (Mozilla Firefox),
4656 KMail, Gimp, Inkscape - and of course the Linux Kernel (not only on
4657 PC, Laptop, Mobile, but also our SAT receiver)</p>
4658
4659 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4660 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4661
4662 <p><ol>
4663
4664 <li>Support computer science as regular subject in schools to make
4665 people really "own" their hardware, to make them understand the
4666 difference between proprietary software products, and free software
4667 developing.</li>
4668
4669 <li>Make budget baskets corresponding: In Germany's public schools
4670 there are more or less fixed budgets for IT equipment (including
4671 licenses), so schools won't benefit from any savings here. This
4672 privilege is left to private schools which have consequently a large
4673 share among German Skolelinux schools.</li>
4674
4675 <li>Get free software in the seminars where would-be teachers are
4676 trained. In many cases, teachers' software customs are respected by
4677 decision makers rather than the expertise of any IT experts.</li>
4678
4679 <li>Don't limit ourself to free software run natively. Everybody uses
4680 free software or free licenses (for instance Wikipedia), and this
4681 general concept should get expanded to free educational content to be
4682 shared world wide (school books e.g.).</li>
4683
4684 <li>Make clear where ever you can that the market share of free (libre)
4685 office suites is much above 20 p.c. today, and that you pupils don't
4686 need to know the "ribbon menu" in order to get employed.</li>
4687
4688 <li>Talk about the difference between freeware and free software.</li>
4689
4690 <li>Spread free software, or even collections of portable free apps
4691 for USB pen drives. Endorse students to get a legal copy of
4692 Libreoffice rather than accepting them to use illegal serials.  And
4693 keep sending documents in ODF formats.</li>
4694
4695 </ol></p>
4696
4697       </div>
4698       <div class="tags">
4699
4700
4701         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4702
4703
4704       </div>
4705     </div>
4706     <div class="padding"></div>
4707
4708     <div class="entry">
4709       <div class="title">
4710         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Alf_Tonny_B_tz.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Alf Tonny Bätz</a>
4711       </div>
4712       <div class="date">
4713         20th May 2012
4714       </div>
4715       <div class="body">
4716         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektets</a>
4717 musiker og mannen bak
4718 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Manuals/Rosegarden/">opplæringsdokumentene
4719 i Rosegarden</a>
4720 (<a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/nb/rosegarden-manual.html">norsk
4721 utgave</a>) for musikklærere, Alf Tonny Bätz, er neste mann ut i min
4722 intervjurunde av folkene bak Skolelinux-løsningen.  Jeg har kjent Alf
4723 Tonny siden vi møttes som barn på påskefjellet i Ofoten, og ble
4724 gledelig overrasket da han dukket opp i Skolelinux-prosjektet etter å
4725 ikke ha sett noe til ham på mange år.</p>
4726
4727 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
4728
4729 <p>Jeg er utdannet kokk av yrke, og har utøvet yrket i 12 år.  Men
4730 etter at ryggen sa takk før seg, studerte jeg nettverksadministrasjon
4731 ved Næringsakademiet i Bergen årene 2008-2009 slik at jeg kunne
4732 forfølge en av mine største interesser - data.  Til daglig jobber jeg
4733 ved <a href="http://www.narvikskolen.no/parken/">Parken
4734 ungdomsskole</a> med å drifte skolens PC-er. Har også litt
4735 musikkundervisning.</p>
4736
4737 <p>Mitt mål er å bevisstgjøre musikklærene mulighetene med de frie
4738 programmene som finnes i Skolelinux, blant annet Rosegarden.</p>
4739
4740 <p>Har i mange år drevet med musikk og en av grunnen til at Rosegarden
4741 falt i smak for min del, var fordi denne fungere og ligner mest på
4742 Windows-programmet (cubase) jeg jobbet mye med da jeg i mine yngre
4743 dager var «Windows fanatiker».  Ble introdusert til Linux av en kompis
4744 av meg for omtrent 14 år siden, og har bare blitt mer og mer glad i
4745 dette operativsystemet.</p>
4746
4747 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
4748
4749 <p>Da jeg ble sykemeldt fra min gamle jobb, og måtte omskoleres,
4750 havnet jeg i 2007 sammen med Viggo Fedreheim på IKT-avdelingen i
4751 Narvik kommune, der ble jeg for første gang introdusert til
4752 Skolelinuxprosjektet.</p>
4753
4754 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
4755
4756 <p>Skolelinux er enkelt å holde i drift og masse flotte programmer som
4757 geogebra, ktouch og kgeografi følger med pakken.  Man kan ta i bruk
4758 gamle PC-er igjen, slik at skoler med dårlig råd får opp en brukbar
4759 PC-park.  PC-er som er ca 6-9 år gamle fungere tilfredstillende, bare
4760 de har 512 MB RAM eller mer.</p>
4761
4762 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
4763
4764 <p>Ulempene er at noen av de pedagogiske programmene som lærene ønsker
4765 å bruke fungere dårlig med Linux.  Mye pga. av at disse programmene
4766 blir ikke laget til Linuxbaserte operativsystemer.</p>
4767
4768 <p>Video- og bilde-redigering har dessverre en del mangler, mange av
4769 programmene har en tendens til og krasje.  Det gjelder blant annet
4770 <a href="http://www.kdenlive.org/">kdenlive</a> og
4771 <a href="http://www.openshotvideo.com/">openshot</a>, for å nevne
4772 noen.  De er ikke stabile nok.  Når elevene kommer med filmsnutter de
4773 ønsker og jobbe med, så godtar ikke programmene filene, og når elevene
4774 jobber med redigering bare krasjer programmene uten forvarsel.  Det er
4775 for vanskelig å få noe som bare fungerer ut av boksen her. Når en elev
4776 plugger inn et videokamera eller fotoapparat så er det alltid noe som
4777 ikke vil fungere.  Programmene godtar ikke format, godtar ikke
4778 kameraet, osv., osv. Det er dessverre med på og dra ned en positiv
4779 opplevelse av bruk av fri programvare.</p>
4780
4781 <p>Man må ofte bruke flere en et video redigerings program før og få
4782 fullført en ønsket oppgave.</p>
4783
4784 <p>Eksempel:</p>
4785
4786 <p>Hvis det ene programmet ikke vil ta i mot videofilen klarer et
4787 annet det, men det programmet som klarer det kan ikke gjøre de samme
4788 oppgavene som det programmet som ikke ville ta i mot filen,
4789 Tilsvarende er det med foto, man må bruke flere programmer for å få
4790 et ferdig resultat. Til dags dato har jeg enda ikke funnet et video-
4791 og fotoprogram som kan tilfredstillende fullføre en oppgave.</p>
4792
4793 <p>Så man kan klare og fullføre en oppgave, men i verste fall må man
4794 innom 3-4 programmer for å få det til.  Så jeg har enda ikke til dags
4795 dato sett at et program fungere 100% til alt.</p>
4796
4797 <p>Det programmet jeg har best erfaring til er
4798 <a href="http://cinelerra.org/">cinelerra</a>, men dessverre har det
4799 også tendenser og krasje av og til uten grunn.</p>
4800
4801 Lydsystemet kan også være et mareritt.  Konkret snakker jeg om når du
4802 bruker for eksempel et smartboard, så følger det med USB-lydkort på
4803 disse.  Problemet ligger her i at systemet ikke vil velge rett
4804 lydkort, så man må inn med padevchooser for å sette opp PulseAudio
4805 til og velge at USB-lydkortet skal brukes.  Det blir for tungvindt for
4806 lærene, de ønsker at ting skal fungere med en gang. (min løsning på
4807 det problemet ble at jeg måtte deaktivere lydkortet som fantes på
4808 maskinen) men da må man bestandig slå på smartboard-tavla.
4809
4810 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
4811
4812 Programmene jeg bruker mest av er: Rosegarden, jack, qsynth, audacity,
4813 k3b, openttd og libreoffice.
4814
4815 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
4816 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
4817
4818 Jeg tror det må bevisstgjøring av Skolene til, dvs. reklamere høylytt
4819 og fortelle og vise de andre skolene at frie programvarer faktisk
4820 fungere.  Jeg trur faktisk mange ikke vet at det finnes frie
4821 alternativer.
4822
4823       </div>
4824       <div class="tags">
4825
4826
4827         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4828
4829
4830       </div>
4831     </div>
4832     <div class="padding"></div>
4833
4834     <div class="entry">
4835       <div class="title">
4836         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__J_rgen_Leibner.html">Debian Edu interview: Jürgen Leibner</a>
4837       </div>
4838       <div class="date">
4839         13th May 2012
4840       </div>
4841       <div class="body">
4842         <p>It has been a few busy weeks for me, but I am finally back to
4843 publish another interview with the people behind
4844 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>.
4845 This time it is one of our German developers, who have helped out over the
4846 years to make sure both a lot of major but also a lot of the minor
4847 details get right before release.
4848
4849 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4850
4851 <p>My name is Jürgen Leibner, I'm 49 years old and living in
4852 Bielefeld, a town in northern Germany.  I worked nearly 20 years as
4853 certified engineer in the department for plant design and layout of an
4854 international company for machinery and equipment.  Since 2011 I'm a
4855 certified technical writer (tekom e.V.) and doing technical
4856 documentations for a steam turbine manufacturer.  From April this year
4857 I will manage the department of technical documentation at a
4858 manufacturer of automation and assembly line engineering.</p>
4859
4860 <p>My first contact with linux was around 1993. Since that time I used
4861 it at work and at home repeatedly but not exclusively as I do now at
4862 home since 2006.</p>
4863
4864 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
4865 project?</strong></p>
4866
4867 <p>Once a day in the early year of 2001 when I wanted to fetch my
4868 daughter from primary school, there was a teacher sitting in the
4869 middle of 20 old computers trying to boot them and he failed. I helped
4870 him to get them booting. That was seen by the school director and she
4871 asked me if I would like to manage that the school gets all that old
4872 computers in use. I answered: "Yes".</p>
4873
4874 <p>Some weeks later every of the 10 classrooms had one computer
4875 running Windows98. I began to collect old computers and equipment as
4876 gifts and installed the first computer room with a peer-to-peer
4877 network. I did my work at school without being payed in my spare time
4878 and with a lot of fun.  About one year later the school was connected
4879 to Internet and a local area network was installed in the school
4880 building.  That was the time to have a server and I knew it must be a
4881 Linux server to be able to fulfil all the wishes of the teachers and
4882 being able to do this in a transparent and economic way, without extra
4883 costs for things like licence and software.  So I searched for a
4884 school server system running under Linux and I found a couple of
4885 people nearby who founded 'skolelinux.de'. It was the Skolelinux
4886 prerelease 32 I first tried out for being used at the school.  I
4887 managed the IT of that school until the municipal authority took over
4888 the IT management and centralised the services for all schools in
4889 Bielefeld in December of 2006.</p>
4890
4891 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4892 Edu?</strong></p>
4893
4894 <p>When I'm looking back to the beginning, there were other advantages
4895 for me as today.</p>
4896
4897 <p>In the past there were advantages like:</p>
4898
4899 <p><ul>
4900
4901 <li>I don't need to buy it so it generates no costs to the school as
4902 they had little money to spent for computers and software.</li>
4903
4904 <li>It has a licence which grands all rights to use it without
4905 cost.</li>
4906
4907 <li>It was more able to fit all requirements of a server system for
4908 schools than a Microsoft server system, even if there are only Windows
4909 clients because of it's preconfigured overall concept of being a
4910 infrastructure solution and community for schools, not only a
4911 server</li>
4912
4913 <li>I was able to configure the server to the needs of the
4914 school.</li>
4915
4916 </ul></p>
4917
4918 <p>Today some of the advantages has been lost, changed or new ones
4919 came up in this way:</p>
4920
4921 <p><ul>
4922
4923 <li>Most schools here do have money to buy hardware and software
4924 now.</li>
4925
4926 <li>They are today mostly managed from central IT departments which
4927 have own concepts which often do not fit to Debian Edu concepts
4928 because they are to close to Microsoft ideology.</li>
4929
4930 <li>With the Squeeze version of Debian Edu which now uses GOsa² for
4931 management I feel more able to manage the daily tasks than with the
4932 interfaces used in the past.</li>
4933
4934 <li>It is more modular than in the past and fits even better to the
4935 different needs.</li>
4936
4937 <li>The documentation is usable and gets better every day.</li>
4938
4939 <li>More people than ever before are using Debian Edu all over the
4940 world and so the community, which is an very important part I think,
4941 is sharing knowledge and minds.</li>
4942
4943 <li>Most, maybe all, of the technical requirements for schools are
4944 solved today by Debian Edu. </li>
4945
4946 </ul></p>
4947
4948 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4949 Edu?</strong></p>
4950
4951 <p><ul>
4952
4953 <li>There are too few IT companies able to integrate Debian Edu into
4954 their product portfolio for serving schools with concepts or even
4955 whole municipality areas.</li>
4956
4957 <li>Debian Edu has beside other free and open software projects not
4958 enough lobbyists which promote free and open software to
4959 politicians.</li>
4960
4961 <li>Technically there are no disadvantages I'm aware of.</li>
4962
4963 </ul></p>
4964
4965 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4966
4967 <p>I use Debian stable on my home server and on my little desktop
4968 computer. On my laptop I use Debian testing/sid. The applications I
4969 use on my laptop and my desktop are Open/Libre-office, Iceweasel,
4970 KMail, DigiKam, Amarok, Dolphin, okular and all the other programs I
4971 need from the KDE environment.  On console I use newsbeuter, mutt,
4972 screen, irssi and all the other famous and useful tools.</p>
4973
4974 <p>My home server provides mail services with exim, dovecot, roundcube
4975 and mutt over ssh on the console, file services with samba, NFS,
4976 rsync, web services with apache, moinmoin-wiki, multimedia services
4977 with gallery2 and mediatomb and database services with MySQL for me
4978 and the whole family.  I probably forgot something.</p>
4979
4980 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4981 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4982
4983 <p>I believe, we should provide concepts for IT companies to integrate
4984 Debian Edu into their product portfolio with use cases for different
4985 countries and areas all over the world.</p>
4986
4987       </div>
4988       <div class="tags">
4989
4990
4991         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4992
4993
4994       </div>
4995     </div>
4996     <div class="padding"></div>
4997
4998     <div class="entry">
4999       <div class="title">
5000         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Forskning___GPL_gir_lokal_frihet_og_kontroll_gjennom_omfordeling_av_makt_fra_produsent_til_bruker_.html">Forskning: "GPL gir lokal frihet og kontroll gjennom omfordeling av makt fra produsent til bruker"</a>
5001       </div>
5002       <div class="date">
5003         15th April 2012
5004       </div>
5005       <div class="body">
5006         <p>Da jeg googlet etter noe annet kom jeg tilfeldigvis over
5007 <a href="http://www.duo.uio.no/sok/work.html?WORKID=58309">en
5008 hovedfagsoppgave</a> ved Universitetet i Oslo som diskuterer verdien
5009 av GPLs fire friheter for brukerne av IT-systemer.  Jeg ble fascinert
5010 over det som presenteres der.  Her er sammendraget:</p>
5011
5012 <p><blockquote>
5013
5014 <p>Motivasjonen til å skrive denne oppgaven er en personlig undring
5015 over hvorfor det primært, og ofte eksklusivt, fokuseres på det
5016 økonomiske aspektet ved utredninger om fri programvare er et godt valg
5017 for det offentlige. Fri og produsenteid programvare bygger på
5018 fundamentalt forskjellige ideologier som kan ha implikasjoner utover
5019 økonomiske kostnader. Kunnskapskulturen som er med på å definere fri
5020 programvare er basert på åpenhet, og er en verdi i seg selv.</p>
5021
5022 <p>Oppgavens tema er programvarelisensen GPL og frihet. GPL-lisensiert
5023 programvare gir visse friheter i forhold til produsenteid
5024 programvare. Mitt spørsmål er om, og eventuelt i hvilken utstrekning,
5025 disse frihetene blir benyttet av ulike brukere og hvordan de
5026 manifesterer seg for disse brukerne. Sentrale spørsmål i oppgaven
5027 er:</p>
5028
5029 <ul>
5030 <li>Hvordan fordeles handlekraft gjennom lisensieringen av programvaren?</li>
5031 <li>Hvilke konsekvenser har programvarelisensen for de ulike brukere? </li>
5032 </ul>
5033
5034 <p>Fri programvare gir blant annet brukeren mulighet til å studere og
5035 modifisere kildekoden. Denne formen for frihet erverves gjennom
5036 kunnskap og krever at brukeren også er en ekspert. Hva skjer med
5037 frihetene til GPL når sluttbrukeren er en annen? Dette diskuteres i
5038 dialog med informantene.</p>
5039
5040 <p>Jeg har i denne oppgaven samlet inn intervjudata fra IKT-ansvarlige
5041 ved grunnskolene i Nittedal kommune, driftsansvarlig og IKT-veilederen
5042 for skolene i kommunen, samt IKT-koordinator for utdanning i Akershus
5043 fylkeskommune og bokmåloversettere av OpenOffice.org. Den empiriske
5044 delen av oppgaven er delt inn i to seksjoner; den første omhandler
5045 operativsystemet Skolelinux, den andre kontorprogrampakken
5046 OpenOffice.org.</p>
5047
5048 <p>Som vi vil se gir GPL lokal frihet og kontroll gjennom omfordeling
5049 av makt fra produsent til bruker. Brukerens makt analyseres gjennom
5050 begrepene brukermedvirkning og handlingsfrihet. Det blir også lagt
5051 vekt på strukturelle forhold rundt bruken av teknologi, og spesielt de
5052 økonomiske begrepene nettverkseksternaliteter, innlåsing og
5053 stiavhengighet. Dette er begreper av spesiell nytte når objektet som
5054 omsettes eller distribueres er et kommunikasjonsprodukt, fordi verdien
5055 til et slikt gode for en potensiell bruker avhenger av antall
5056 eksisterende brukere av godet. I tilknytning til denne problematikken
5057 inneholder oppgaven også en diskusjon rundt åpne standarder og
5058 formater.</p>
5059
5060 <p>Oppgaven konkluderer med at de «fire frihetene» som GPL-lisensen er
5061 laget for å beskytte er av avgjørende betydning for bruken av
5062 OpenOffice.org og Skolelinux, i Akershus fylkeskommune såvel som i
5063 skolene i Nittedal. Distribusjonen av handlekraft er ikke helt
5064 symmetrisk. Det er først og fremst de profesjonelle utviklerne i
5065 Skolelinux som direkte kan nyttiggjøre seg friheten til å endre kode,
5066 mens en sluttbruker som Nittedal kommune nyttiggjør seg den økonomiske
5067 friheten til å kunne distribuere programmene. Det er imidlertid også
5068 slik at ingen aktør klarer seg uten alle disse «frihetene».</p>
5069 </blockquote></p>
5070
5071 <p>Jeg fant også en masteroppgave fra 2006, men der ligger ikke
5072 komplett oppgave tilgjengelig.  På tide å holde et øye med
5073 <a href="http://www.duo.uio.no/sok/search.html?q=skolelinux">Skolelinux-søket</a>
5074 til DUO...</p>
5075
5076
5077       </div>
5078       <div class="tags">
5079
5080
5081         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5082
5083
5084       </div>
5085     </div>
5086     <div class="padding"></div>
5087
5088     <div class="entry">
5089       <div class="title">
5090         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Andreas_Mundt.html">Debian Edu interview: Andreas Mundt</a>
5091       </div>
5092       <div class="date">
5093         15th April 2012
5094       </div>
5095       <div class="body">
5096         <p>Behind <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
5097 Skolelinux</a> there are a lot of people doing the hard work of
5098 setting together all the pieces.  This time I present to you Andreas
5099 Mundt, who have been part of the technical development team several
5100 years.  He was also a key contributor in getting GOsa and Kerberos set
5101 up in the recently released
5102 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">Debian
5103 Edu Squeeze</a> version.</p>
5104
5105 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5106
5107 <p>My name is Andreas Mundt, I grew up in south Germany.  After
5108 studying Physics I spent several years at university doing research in
5109 Quantum Optics.  After that I worked some years in an optics company.
5110 Finally I decided to turn over a new leaf in my life and started
5111 teaching 10 to 19 years old kids at school.  I teach math, physics,
5112 information technology and science/technology.</p>
5113
5114 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5115 project?</strong></p>
5116
5117 <p>Already before I switched to teaching, I followed the Debian Edu
5118 project because of my interest in education and Debian.  Within the
5119 qualification/training period for the teaching, I started
5120 contributing.</p>
5121
5122 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5123 Edu?</strong></p>
5124
5125 <p>The advantages of Debian Edu are the well known name, the
5126 out-of-the-box philosophy and of course the great free software of the
5127 Debian Project!</p>
5128
5129 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5130 Edu?</strong></p>
5131
5132 <p>As every coin has two sides, the out-of-the-box philosophy has its
5133 downside, too.  In my opinion, it is hard to modify and tweak the
5134 setup, if you need or want that.  Further more, it is not easily
5135 possible to upgrade the system to a new release.  It takes much too
5136 long after a Debian release to prepare the -Edu release, perhaps
5137 because the number of developers working on the core of the code is
5138 rather small and often busy elsewhere.</p>
5139
5140 <p>The <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianLAN">Debian LAN</a>
5141 project might fill the use case of a more flexible system.</p>
5142
5143 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5144
5145 <p>I am only using non-free software if I am forced to and run Debian
5146 on all my machines.  For documents I prefer LaTeX and PGF/TikZ, then
5147 mutt and iceweasel for email respectively web browsing.  At school I
5148 have Arduino and Fritzing in use for a micro controller project.</p>
5149
5150 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5151 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5152
5153 <p>One of the major problems is the vendor lock-in from top to bottom:
5154 Especially in combination with ignorant government employees and
5155 politicians, this works out great for the "market-leader".  The school
5156 administration here in Baden-Wuerttemberg is occupied by that vendor.
5157 Documents have to be prepared in non-free, proprietary formats.  Even
5158 free browsers do not work for the school administration.  Publishers
5159 of school books provide software only for proprietary platforms.</p>
5160
5161 <p>To change this, political work is very important.  Parts of the
5162 political spectrum have become aware of the problem in the last years.
5163 However it takes quite some time and courageous politicians to 'free'
5164 the system.  There is currently some discussion about "Open Data" and
5165 "Free/Open Standards".  I am not sure if all the involved parties have
5166 a clue about the potential of these ideas, and probably only a
5167 fraction takes them seriously.  However it might slowly make free
5168 software and the philosophy behind it more known and popular.</p>
5169
5170       </div>
5171       <div class="tags">
5172
5173
5174         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5175
5176
5177       </div>
5178     </div>
5179     <div class="padding"></div>
5180
5181     <div class="entry">
5182       <div class="title">
5183         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Justin_B__Rye.html">Debian Edu interview: Justin B. Rye</a>
5184       </div>
5185       <div class="date">
5186          8th April 2012
5187       </div>
5188       <div class="body">
5189         <p>It take all kind of contributions to create a Linux distribution
5190 like <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>,
5191 and this time I lend the ear to Justin B. Rye, who is listed as a big
5192 contributor to the
5193 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">Debian
5194 Edu Squeeze release manual</a>.
5195
5196 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5197
5198 <p>I'm a 44-year-old linguistics graduate living in Edinburgh who has
5199 occasionally been employed as a sysadmin.</p>
5200
5201 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5202 project?</strong></p>
5203
5204 <p>I'm neither a developer nor a Skolelinux/Debian Edu user!  The only
5205 reason my name's in the credits for the documentation is that I hang
5206 around on debian-l10n-english waiting for people to mention things
5207 they'd like a native English speaker to proofread...  So I did a sweep
5208 through the wiki for typos and Norglish and inconsistent spellings of
5209 "localisation".</p>
5210
5211 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5212 Edu?</strong></p>
5213
5214 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5215 Edu?</strong></p>
5216
5217 <p>These questions are too hard for me - I don't use it!  In fact I
5218 had hardly any contact with I.T. until long after I'd got out of the
5219 education system.</p>
5220
5221 <p>I can tell you the advantages of Debian for me though: it soaks up
5222 as much of my free time as I want and no more, and lets me do
5223 everything I want a computer for without ever forcing me to spend
5224 money on the latest hardware.</p>
5225
5226 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5227
5228 <p>I've been using Debian since Rex; popularity-contest says the
5229 software that I use most is xinit, xterm, and xulrunner (in other
5230 words, I use a distinctly retro sort of desktop).</p>
5231
5232 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5233 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5234
5235 <p>Well, I don't know.  I suppose I'd be inclined to try reasoning
5236 with the people who make the decisions, but obviously if that worked
5237 you would hardly need a strategy.</p>
5238
5239       </div>
5240       <div class="tags">
5241
5242
5243         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5244
5245
5246       </div>
5247     </div>
5248     <div class="padding"></div>
5249
5250     <div class="entry">
5251       <div class="title">
5252         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_the_KDE_menu_is_slow_when__usr__is_NFS_mounted___and_a_workaround.html">Why the KDE menu is slow when /usr/ is NFS mounted - and a workaround</a>
5253       </div>
5254       <div class="date">
5255          6th April 2012
5256       </div>
5257       <div class="body">
5258         <p>Recently I have spent time with
5259 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a> on speeding
5260 up a <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
5261 Lenny installation using LTSP diskless workstations, and in the
5262 process I discovered something very surprising.  The reason the KDE
5263 menu was responding slow when using it for the first time, was mostly
5264 due to the way KDE find application icons.  I discovered that showing
5265 the Multimedia menu would cause more than 20 000 IP packages to be
5266 passed between the LTSP client and the NFS server.  Most of these were
5267
5268 NFS LOOKUP calls, resulting in a NFS3ERR_NOENT response.  Because the
5269 ping times between the client and the server were in the range 2-20
5270 ms, the menus would be very slow.  Looking at the strace of kicker in
5271 Lenny (or plasma-desktop i Squeeze - same problem there), I see that
5272 the source of these NFS calls are access(2) system calls for
5273 non-existing files.  KDE can do hundreds of access(2) calls to find
5274 one icon file.  In my example, just finding the mplayer icon required
5275 around 230 access(2) calls.</p>
5276
5277 <p>The KDE code seem to search for icons using a list of icon
5278 directories, and the list of possible directories is large.  In
5279 (almost) each directory, it look for files ending in .png, .svgz, .svg
5280 and .xpm.  The result is a very slow KDE menu when /usr/ is NFS
5281 mounted.  Showing a single sub menu may result in thousands of NFS
5282 requests.  I am not the first one to discover this.  I found a
5283 <a href="https://bugs.kde.org/show_bug.cgi?id=211416">KDE bug report
5284 from 2009</a> about this problem, and it is still unsolved.</p>
5285
5286 <p>My solution to speed up the KDE menu was to create a package
5287 kde-icon-cache that upon installation will look at all .desktop files
5288 used to generate the KDE menu, find their icons, search the icon paths
5289 for the file that KDE will end up finding at run time, and copying the
5290 icon file to /var/lib/kde-icon-cache/.  Finally, I add symlinks to
5291 these icon files in one of the first directories where KDE will look
5292 for them.  This cut down the number of file accesses required to find
5293 one icon from several hundred to less than 5, and make the KDE menu
5294 almost instantaneous.  I'm not quite sure where to make the package
5295 publicly available, so for now it is only available on request.</p>
5296
5297 <p>The bug report mention that this do not only affect the KDE menu
5298 and icon handling, but also the login process.  Not quite sure how to
5299 speed up that part without replacing NFS with for example NBD, and
5300 that is not really an option at the moment.</p>
5301
5302 <p>If you got feedback on this issue, please let us know on debian-edu
5303 (at) lists.debian.org.</p>
5304
5305       </div>
5306       <div class="tags">
5307
5308
5309         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5310
5311
5312       </div>
5313     </div>
5314     <div class="padding"></div>
5315
5316     <div class="entry">
5317       <div class="title">
5318         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_in_the_Linux_Weekly_News.html">Debian Edu in the Linux Weekly News</a>
5319       </div>
5320       <div class="date">
5321          5th April 2012
5322       </div>
5323       <div class="body">
5324         <p>About two weeks ago, I was interviewed via email about
5325 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a> by
5326 Bruce Byfield in Linux Weekly News.  The result was made public for
5327 non-subscribers today.  I am pleased to see liked our Linux solution
5328 for schools.  Check out his article
5329 <a href="https://lwn.net/Articles/488805/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux: A
5330 distribution for education</a> if you want to learn more.</p>
5331
5332       </div>
5333       <div class="tags">
5334
5335
5336         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5337
5338
5339       </div>
5340     </div>
5341     <div class="padding"></div>
5342
5343     <div class="entry">
5344       <div class="title">
5345         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Wolfgang_Schweer.html">Debian Edu interview: Wolfgang Schweer</a>
5346       </div>
5347       <div class="date">
5348          1st April 2012
5349       </div>
5350       <div class="body">
5351         <p>Germany is a core area for the
5352 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
5353 user community, and this time I managed to get hold of Wolfgang
5354 Schweer, a valuable contributor to the project from Germany.
5355
5356 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5357
5358 <p>I've studied Mathematics at the university 'Ruhr-Universität' in
5359 Bochum, Germany. Since 1981 I'm working as a teacher at the school
5360 "<a href="http://www.westfalenkolleg-dortmund.de/">Westfalen-Kolleg
5361 Dortmund</a>", a second chance school.  Here, young adults is given
5362 the opportunity to get further education in order to do the school
5363 examination 'Abitur', which will allow to study at a university. This
5364 second chance is of value for those who want a better job perspective
5365 or failed to get a higher school examination being teens.</p>
5366
5367 <p>Besides teaching I was involved in developing online courses for a
5368 blended learning project called 'abitur-online.nrw' and in some other
5369 information technology related projects. For about ten years I've been
5370 teacher and coordinator for the 'abitur-online' project at my
5371 school. Being now in my early sixties, I've decided to leave school at
5372 the end of April this year.</p>
5373
5374 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5375 project?</strong></p>
5376
5377 <p>The first information about Skolelinux must have come to my
5378 attention years ago and somehow related to LTSP (Linux Terminal Server
5379 Project).  At school, we had set up a network at the beginning of 1997
5380 using Suse Linux on the desktop, replacing a Novell network. Since
5381 2002, we used old machines from the city council of Dortmund as thin
5382 clients (LTSP, later Ubuntu/Lessdisks) cause new hardware was out of
5383 reach. At home I'm using Debian since years and - subscribed to the
5384 Debian news letter - heard from time to time about Skolelinux. About
5385 two years ago I proposed to replace the (somehow undocumented and only
5386 known to me) system at school by a well known Debian based system:
5387 Skolelinux.</p>
5388
5389 <p>Students and teachers appreciated the new system because of a
5390 better look and feel and an enhanced access to local media on thin
5391 clients.  The possibility to alter and/or reset passwords using a GUI
5392 was welcomed, too. Being able to do administrative tasks using a GUI
5393 and to easily set up workstations using PXE was of very high value for
5394 the admin teachers.</p>
5395
5396 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5397 Edu?</strong></p>
5398
5399 <p>It's open source, easy to set up, stable and flexible due to it's
5400 Debian base. It integrates LTSP out-of-the-box. And it is documented!
5401 So it was a perfect choice.</p>
5402
5403 <p>Being open source, there are no license problems and so it's
5404 possible to point teachers and students to programs like
5405 OpenOffice.org, ViewYourMind (mind mapping) and The Gimp.  It's of
5406 high value to be able to adapt parts of the system to special needs of
5407 a school and to choose where to get support for this.</p>
5408
5409 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5410 Edu?</strong></p>
5411
5412 <p>Nothing yet.</p>
5413
5414 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5415
5416 <p>At home (Debian Sid with Gnome Desktop): Iceweasel, LibreOffice,
5417 Mutt, Gedit, Document Viewer, Midnight Commander, flpsed (PDF
5418 Annotator).  At school (Skolelinux Lenny): Iceweasel, Gedit,
5419 LibreOffice.</p>
5420
5421 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5422 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5423
5424 <p>Some time ago I thought it was enough to tell people about it. But
5425 that doesn't seem to work quite well. Now I concentrate on those more
5426 interested and hope to get multiplicators that way.</p>
5427
5428       </div>
5429       <div class="tags">
5430
5431
5432         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5433
5434
5435       </div>
5436     </div>
5437     <div class="padding"></div>
5438
5439     <div class="entry">
5440       <div class="title">
5441         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html">Linux-skoler har høyere PC-tetthet enn landsgjennomsnittet - pressemelding fra FRiSK</a>
5442       </div>
5443       <div class="date">
5444         30th March 2012
5445       </div>
5446       <div class="body">
5447         <p>I dag har <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no">FRiSK</a>
5448 sendt ut følgende pressemelding basert på mine beregninger av
5449 PC-tetthet på Linux-skoler:</p>
5450
5451 <p><strong>Linux-skoler har høyere PC-tetthet enn
5452 landsgjennomsnittet</strong></p>
5453
5454 <p>Oslo, 30 Mars 2012</p>
5455
5456 <p>Det er store forskjeller på skolenes digitale tilstand, viser
5457 undersøkelsen Monitor 2011 som er laget på oppdrag fra
5458 Kunnskapsdepartementet. Dette har ført til debatt om PC-tilgangen i
5459 skolen, og om de med Linux i skolen gjør det bedre bedre eller
5460 dårligere enn snittet i landet.</p>
5461
5462 <p>Nå har vi tallene. Skoler med Linux har 36% større PC-tetthet en
5463 landsgjennomsnittet. På spørsmål hvorfor skoler med Linux har større
5464 PC-tetthet, observerer Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken som er IKT-konsulent i
5465 Nord-Odal:</p>
5466
5467 <p><blockquote>"Vi erfarer at klienter med Skolelinux har god funksjon
5468 til de er 8 til 10 år gamle. Dette er omtrent dobbelt så lenge som
5469 andre løsninger, og skolene får mer datautstyr for
5470 pengene."</blockquote></p>
5471
5472 <p>Undersøkelsen baserer seg på 56 skoler som har gjort det offentlig
5473 at de kjører Skolelinux eller annen Linux-utgave. De kan også ha PC-er
5474 med Windows i skolenettet. Når en sammenligner PC-tetthetene på
5475 skolene i kommunene Flora, Harstad, Kongsvinger, Narvik, Nittedal,
5476 Nord-Odal og Randaberg, er det i snitt 2,28 elev pr. PC på skolene med
5477 Linux. På landsbasis er det 3.11 elev per PC i grunnskolen, i følge
5478 side 95 i Monitor-rapporten for 2011. Målingen viser dermed 36% større
5479 PC-tetthet i skoler med Linux.</p>
5480
5481 <p><strong>Om Skolelinux/Debian Edu</strong></p>
5482
5483 <p>Skolelinux har til hensikt å gi alle barn full tilgang til
5484 skoleaktuelle dataprogram på sitt eget morsmål. Derfor følger det med
5485 godt over 100 skoleaktuelle programmene laget for læring. De fleste
5486 programmene er oversatt til over 50 språk. Elevene skal også kunne
5487 studere alle sider av dataprogrammene. Derfor følger også kildekode
5488 med. Elever med interesse kan lære av eksperter som har laget
5489 systemet. Dette med enkelt programmering i læreprogram som KTurtle,
5490 til profesjonelle verktøy som Qt Creator eller Java.</p>
5491
5492 <p>Skolelinux er laget for sentralisert drift, der alt teknisk
5493 administrasjon av alle skolene kan gjøres sentralt fra kommunehuset
5494 eller sentralt i en region.  F.eks. drifter to-tre personer 70.000
5495 skoledatamaskiner på 200 skoler i delstaten Extremadura i
5496 Spania. Etter velykket bruk av Debian Edu i skolen, legger delstaten
5497 over til Debian på 40.000 datamaskiner i administrasjonen. Det er idag
5498 mange selskap som tilbyr profesjonell støtte til innføring og drift i
5499 Norge og verden.</p>
5500
5501 <p><strong>Om FRiSK</strong></p>
5502
5503 <p>Medlemsforeningen Fri Programvare i Skolen organiserer
5504 dugnadsprosjektet som står bak Skolelinux.</p>
5505
5506 <p><strong>Kontaktperson</strong></p>
5507
5508 <p>Knut Yrvin</p>
5509
5510 <p>Leder av Fri Programvare i Skolen (FRISK)</p>
5511
5512 <p>Epost: knuty at skolelinux.no
5513 <br>Mobil: +47 93 479 561</p>
5514
5515 <p><strong>Referanser</strong></p>
5516
5517 <p><ul>
5518
5519  <li><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">http://www.skolelinux.org/</a></li>
5520  <li><a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/</a></li>
5521  <li><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Download">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Download</a></li>
5522  <li><a href="https://www.wis.no/gsi">https://www.wis.no/gsi</a></li>
5523  <li><a href="http://iktsenteret.no/sites/iktsenteret.no/files/attachments/monitor2011.pdf">http://iktsenteret.no/sites/iktsenteret.no/files/attachments/monitor2011.pdf</a></li>
5524  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html</a></li>
5525  <li><a href="https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/linuxiskolen/2012-March/018500.html">https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/linuxiskolen/2012-March/018500.html</a></li>
5526
5527 </ul></p>
5528
5529       </div>
5530       <div class="tags">
5531
5532
5533         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5534
5535
5536       </div>
5537     </div>
5538     <div class="padding"></div>
5539
5540     <div class="entry">
5541       <div class="title">
5542         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Roy_Arne_Myhre.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Roy-Arne Myhre</a>
5543       </div>
5544       <div class="date">
5545         28th March 2012
5546       </div>
5547       <div class="body">
5548         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
5549 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi
5550 denne gangen høre fra en IKT-ansvarlig som har brukt Skolelinux i
5551 mange år, og vært storfornøyd med erfaringene så langt.</p>
5552
5553 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
5554
5555 <p>Mitt navn er Roy-Arne Myhre og jeg er 42 år.  Jeg er ansatt hos
5556 <a href="http://www.sandskole.no/">Sand skole</a> (Balsfjord kommune)
5557 og har stort sett vært det siden 1990.  Jeg er IKT ansvarlig ved
5558 skolen i 40% stilling – 10% undervisning – musikk.</p>
5559
5560 <p>Ved skolen er det ca 100 elever og ca 18 lærere + 4 assistenter i
5561 hele og delte stillinger. Alle lærerne har bærbar PC (dessverre med
5562 Win Vista) – assistenter har tilgang til egne. Vi benytter Fronter i
5563 det daglige arbeidet.  Vi har ca 90 elevmaskiner som fungerer til
5564 daglig opp mot Linux server (XFCE) som driftes av
5565 <a href="http://www.bzz.no/">BzzWare AS</a> via nett. Maskinparken
5566 består kun av brukt utstyr for elevene – og noe av dette begynner å
5567 bli vel gammelt selv som halvtykke klienter.</p>
5568
5569 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med
5570 Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
5571
5572 <p>Vi kom første gang i kontakt med Skolelinux rundt 1997. Den gang
5573 var det oppstart-disketter i hver maskin, ikke mulighet for lyd og
5574 video, gamle nettverkskort og mye plundring.  Vi hadde en ihuga
5575 forelder med som pådriver, forsker og inspirator for hele opplegget.
5576 Selv ante jeg knapt at Skolelinux fantes, men han var av den
5577 utforskende typen, og fikk både meg og skolelederen i trua på at dette
5578 var ting som kunne fungere.  Etter dette har det gått gradvis
5579 framover; flere maskiner er hentet inn gjennom bl.a
5580 <a href="http://www.greentech.no/">Greentech</a> og utrangert utstyr
5581 fra høgskole / Avinor og private givere. Når maskinene ble for trege
5582 for nye Windows-versjoner, sto vi klare til å putte dem i nettverket
5583 vårt.  Dette betyr at vi i dag har 1:1 dekning av maskiner på
5584 ungdomstrinnet og bedre enn 1:2 på barnetrinnet. Dette er vi veldig
5585 fornøyd med, og vi kan ikke se for oss hverdagen som ville vært
5586 alternativet ved bruk av Windows med sine lisenser pr. Bruker/maskin.
5587 Da ville vi nok vært tilbake til 1-2 maskiner pr klasserom med de
5588 negative konsekvenser det ville hatt for undervisningsformene våre. Vi
5589 kan ha en hel klasse i prosjektjobbing eller individuell jobbing
5590 samtidig – vi kan avholde tentamen og eksamen uten
5591 logistikkproblemer.</p>
5592
5593 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5594
5595 Hvor skal jeg begynne... Stabiliteten er et nøkkelord - det bare
5596 virker.  Har du først fått en server med Skolelinux opp og gå, så må
5597 det en maskinarefeil eller sabotasje til for å stoppe den.  Det at man
5598 kan bruke eldre maskiner som normalt sett ville gått på dynga, er også
5599 glimrende - billig for skoler med dårlig økonomi og bra for miljøet
5600 siden vi gjenbruker utstyr i stedet for å skaffe nytt. Vi ville aldri
5601 hatt mulighet til å operere med det maskinantallet vi har pr i dag
5602 hvis det ikke var for Skolelinux - så tilgjengelighet er et annet
5603 nøkkelord. Et tredje moment er sikkerhet og brukertilgang. Alle
5604 brukerer opererer med egne brukernavn og passord, samt egne
5605 brukerområder som kan tilpasses for både enbrukertilgang og for
5606 samarbeid med andre.
5607
5608 Elever har godt av å se at det finnes andre alternativer enn de som
5609 storindustrien selger på lisensbasis - på den måten trenes de opp til
5610 å se flere muligheter og å foreta valg ut fra flere opsjoner.
5611
5612 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5613
5614 <p>Ulempene med Skolelinux er nok utbredelsen og mangelen på kjennskap
5615 til dette i skolenorge.  De som skal ta økonomiske avgjørelser rynker
5616 på nesen og vil gå for det kjente og «sikre» selv om det koster mye
5617 mer. Man får rett og slett litt hetta av å ikke kunne noe – og unngår
5618 dette for enhver pris.</p>
5619
5620 <p>I tillegg er mye av linux-systemet administrert av tekstkommandoer
5621 og er lite intuitiv/visuell for oss som ikke er «inne i»
5622 kildekodene». Så problemet er nok mye godt at de som
5623 utarbeider/drifter Skolelinux ikke helt klarer å sette seg ned på
5624 skoleadministratorens nivå når det gjelder problemer og
5625 utfordringer. Men dette er nok en utfordring alle administratorer
5626 sliter med uansett OS.</p>
5627
5628 <p>Derfor har vi valgt å støtte oss til BzzWare AS for assistanse i
5629 drifta slik at jeg har kunnet konsentrere meg mer om kabling, skifting
5630 av komponenter, veiledning av lærere og elever, vedlikehold av
5631 skrivere og annen daglig drift.</p>
5632
5633 <p>Elevene mestrer Skolelinux helt fint.  Så lenge Internett
5634 (Iceweasel) og Libreoffice (Openoffice) fungerer er 90% av
5635 skolehverdagen velfungerende. I tillegg brukes jo en del av den
5636 pedagogiske programpakken bla. i forhold til matematikk og geografi,
5637 men det er såpass mye bra på nett om dagen, så disse programmene er
5638 mer som krydder å regne.</p>
5639
5640 <p>Jeg skulle ønske neste versjon av Skolelinux kunne komme litt
5641 mindre stappet med programmer, for halvparten blir aldri brukt, eller
5642 fungerer ikke uansett.  Hva med et pedagogisk panel av lærere/IKT
5643 ansvarlige som kunne sagt: disse programmene skal være standard, så
5644 får resten være slike man kan legge til ved behov – det kan lett bli
5645 en jungel å bevege seg i.</p>
5646
5647 <p>Jeg ønsker meg også en mer grafisk versjon av
5648 <a href="http://bzz.no/lwat/trac/trac.cgi">Lwat</a> hvor man kan krysse
5649 ut de som f.eks ikke skal ha internett-tilgang en dag pga
5650 eksamen/tentamen, samt en noe enklere brannmurløsning hvor man kan
5651 stenge for en del (få) sider på en enkel måte.  Jeg liker godt
5652 Skolelinux sin ideologi om at filteret skal trenes i hodet på eleven –
5653 men av og til skulle jeg ønske at f.eks Facebook og Youtube kunne vært
5654 koblet vekk en periode for å få bedre utnyttelse av tid og
5655 ressurser. Disse to nettstedene er nok mye av årsaken til at mange
5656 lærere holder igjen databruken noe mer enn man kunne ønske.</p>
5657
5658 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
5659
5660 Jeg benytter nesten bare fri programvare til daglig. LibreOffice,
5661 Iceweasel (Firefox), Thunderbird til e-post og Gimp til
5662 bildebehandling.  Vi har PHP-Nuke-oppsatt hjemmeside. Det eneste som
5663 jeg ikke har fått helt til enda er videoredigering - her må man vel
5664 innrømme at Mac er hakket over, men da er vi igjen over på å se hva
5665 som egner seg best, og ta valg ut fra det. Folk flest lever i
5666 villfarelsen om at regneark HETER Excel og tekstbehandling HETER
5667 Word. Dette er en misforståelse som jeg bruker mye energi på å
5668 diskutere og "åpne sinn" på Microsoft-slaver.  Dessverre er det mange
5669 IKT-ansvarlige som også har låst seg på at det eneste saliggjørende er
5670 Bill G sine produkter.
5671
5672 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
5673 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
5674
5675 <p>For å komme lenger i utbredelsen av Skolelinux tror jeg det må mer
5676 fram i nasjonale medier, samt komme bedre fram hva økonomien i dette
5677 valget vil være – samt mulighetene. Fri programvare er en berikelse og
5678 gjør oss i stand til å utføre arbeidet i skolen uten å måtte legge
5679 igjen tusener på tusener i Bill Gates lomme.. Få ETT nettsted med
5680 forståelig veiledning av installasjon/oppgradering og ETT forum med
5681 konkrete feilrettinger og problemer, så tror jeg vi kunne kommet et
5682 par skritt framover. Ellers tror jeg bare at ildsjelene må fortsette å
5683 skinne – kanskje flere enn oss følger etter på veien.</p>
5684
5685       </div>
5686       <div class="tags">
5687
5688
5689         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5690
5691
5692       </div>
5693     </div>
5694     <div class="padding"></div>
5695
5696     <div class="entry">
5697       <div class="title">
5698         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_screencast__Checking_email_with_kmail_using_Kerberos_authentication.html">Debian Edu screencast: Checking email with kmail using Kerberos authentication</a>
5699       </div>
5700       <div class="date">
5701         25th March 2012
5702       </div>
5703       <div class="body">
5704         <!-- Video HTML based on http://www.diveintohtml5.net/video.html -->
5705
5706 <p>The same Debian Edu developer that did the last screen cast I
5707 published, Wolfgang Schweer, has created a new screen cast showing how
5708 to set up Kmail in Debian Edu Squeze to authenticate using Kerberos,
5709 allowing users to check their local email account without providing
5710 any password. The video is embedded here in quarter size,
5711 and also available from <a href="https://vimeo.com/38601767">vimeo</a>
5712 and download as a
5713 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv">Ogg
5714 Theora</a> file.  Check it out below.</p>
5715
5716 <p><video id="kmail-kerberos-movie" width="256" height="184" preload controls>
5717   <source src="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv" type='video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"' />
5718     <p>Download video as
5719       <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv">Ogg</a>.</p>
5720 </video></p>
5721
5722       </div>
5723       <div class="tags">
5724
5725
5726         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5727
5728
5729       </div>
5730     </div>
5731     <div class="padding"></div>
5732
5733     <div class="entry">
5734       <div class="title">
5735         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html">Større PC-tetthet i skolen med Skolelinux?</a>
5736       </div>
5737       <div class="date">
5738         19th March 2012
5739       </div>
5740       <div class="body">
5741         <p>Den siste uka har det vært en del skriverier om hvor store
5742 forskjeller det er mellom skolene når det gjelder digital kompetanse.
5743 Et eksempel er
5744 <a href="http://www.digi.no/891660/bekymret-for-it-i-skolen">oppslaget
5745 i Digi</a>.  Diskusjonen fikk meg til å bli litt nysgjerrig på om
5746 Linux-skoler har større PC-tettet enn snittet i landet.  Grunnlaget
5747 for diskusjonen har vært undersøkelsen
5748 <a href="https://iktsenteret.no/ressurser/monitor-2011-skolens-digitale-tilstand">Monitor
5749 2011</a>, som bruker informasjon fra
5750 <a href="https://www.wis.no/gsi">Grunnskolens Informasjonssystem</a>
5751 (GSI).  GSI-data kan lastes ned fra web og jeg lastet ned en Excel-fil
5752 (intet åpen standard-valg tilgjengelig) med navn på alle skoler,
5753 hvilke kommune de befinner seg i og hvor mange elever pr. elev-PC de
5754 har rapportert inn.  For å få en ide om svaret trenger jeg deretter å
5755 vite hvilke skoler i landet som bruker Linux, slik at jeg kan slå dem
5756 opp i GSI og finne ut hvor stor PC-tetthet de har.</p>
5757
5758 <p>Jeg vet om skoler i Balsfjord, Flora, Harstad, Kongsvinger, Narvik,
5759 Nittedal, Nord-Odal, Randaberg og Sunndal som bruker Skolelinux eller
5760 andre Linux-varianter.  Jeg tror det er flere enn de 56 skolene jeg
5761 har klart å identifisere de siste dagene, men har ikke klart å få det
5762 bekreftet med offentlige kilder.</p>
5763
5764 <p>Monitor 2011-rapporteres side 95 forteller at det "ifølge GSI
5765 (20120-2011) er det 3,11 elever per datamaskin når vi tar med alle
5766 grunnskoler (1.-10.trinn)".  For de 56 Linux-skolene jeg har klart å
5767 koble mot informasjon i GSI er det 2,28 elever per elevdatamaskin,
5768 hvilket betyr at det er 36% høyere PC-tetthet på Linux-skoler enn
5769 landsgjennomsnittet.  Linux-skolen med høyest tettet blant de jeg har
5770 notert -skole er Flora ungdomsskule i Flora kommune med 0.82 elev
5771 pr. PC (482 elever, 588 elevdatamaskiner).</p>
5772
5773 <p>Skolelinux gir datamaskiner lengre levetid, og en kan dermed få
5774 flere operative datamaskiner for samme budsjett, i tillegg til en
5775 rekke andre fordeler.  Kan det være forklaringen på forskjellen?</p>
5776
5777 <p>Tallene må tas med en liten klype, da GSI ser ut til å ha endel
5778 feilføringer.  Jeg synes i hvert fall en skole med 423 elever og 9
5779 elevmaskiner ser mistenkelig ut.  Eller en skole med 346 elever, 0
5780 elevmaskiner, som er et annet ekstremt eksempel jeg fant.</p>
5781
5782 <p>Takk til Sturle Sunde, Klaus Ade Johnstad, Ole-Anders Andreassen og
5783 Trond Mæhlum for innspill om skoler med Linux.</p>
5784
5785       </div>
5786       <div class="tags">
5787
5788
5789         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5790
5791
5792       </div>
5793     </div>
5794     <div class="padding"></div>
5795
5796     <div class="entry">
5797       <div class="title">
5798         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__John_Ingleby.html">Debian Edu interview: John Ingleby</a>
5799       </div>
5800       <div class="date">
5801         19th March 2012
5802       </div>
5803       <div class="body">
5804         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
5805 users are spread all across the globe.  The second inteview after
5806 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">the
5807 Squeeze release</a> was publised is with John Ingleby, a teacher and
5808 long time Linux user in United Kingdom.</p>
5809
5810 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5811
5812 <p>I teach ICT part time at the Rudolf Steiner School in Kings
5813 Langley, near London, UK. Previously I worked as a technical
5814 author/trainer while my children attended the school, and I also
5815 contributed to the Schoolforge UK community with the aim of
5816 encouraging UK schools to adopt free/open source software. Five or six
5817 years ago we had about 50 schools interested in some way, but we
5818 weren't able to convert many of them into sustainable
5819 installations.</p>
5820
5821 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5822 project?</strong></p>
5823
5824 <p>Skolelinux had two representatives at an early Edubuntu meeting in
5825 London which I attended. However at that time our school network had
5826 just been installed using CentOS, LTSP 4 and GNOME. When LTSP 5 came
5827 along we switched to Edubuntu thin client servers so now we have a
5828 mixed environment which includes Windows PCs and student laptops, as
5829 well as their MacBooks and iPads. However, the proprietary systems
5830 have always been rather problematic, and we never built a GUI for the
5831 LDAP server, so when I discovered Skolelinux is configured for all
5832 these things we decided to try it.</p>
5833
5834 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5835 Edu?</strong></p>
5836
5837 <p>By far the biggest advantage is the Debian Edu community. Apart
5838 from that I have always believed in the same "sustainable computing"
5839 goals that Skolelinux is built on: installing Linux on computers which
5840 would otherwise be thrown away, to provide a reliable, secure and
5841 low-cost IT environment for schools. From my own experience I know
5842 that a part-time person can teach and manage a network of about 25
5843 Linux computers, but it would take much more of my time if we had
5844 proprietary software everywhere.</p>
5845
5846 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5847 Edu?</strong></p>
5848
5849 <p>As a newcomer I'm just finding out who's who in the community and
5850 how you're organised, and what your procedures are for dealing with
5851 various things such as editing manual pages and so-on. The only
5852 English language mailing list seems to be for developers as well as
5853 users, so my inbox needs heavy pruning each day!</p>
5854
5855 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5856
5857 <p>Besides the software already mentioned at school we use Samba,
5858 OpenLDAP, CUPS, Nagios and Dansguardian for the network, and on the
5859 desktops we have LibreOffice, Firefox, GIMP and Inkscape. At home I
5860 use Ubuntu and an Android 4 eePad Transformer (but I'm not sure if
5861 that counts...)</p>
5862
5863 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5864 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5865
5866 <p>That's a tough question! For very many years UK schools installed
5867 and taught only proprietary software, so that at the highest levels
5868 the notion of "computer" means simply "proprietary office
5869 applications".  However, schools today are experiencing budget
5870 constraints, and many are having to think hard about upgrading Windows
5871 XP.  At the same time, we have students showing teachers how to use
5872 iPads, MacBooks and Android, so the choice of operating system is no
5873 longer quite so automatic. What is more, our government at last
5874 realised that we need people with programming skills, so they're
5875 putting coding back in the curriculum! And it's encouraging that the
5876 first 10,000 Raspberry Pi units sold out in 2 hours.</p>
5877
5878 <p>I don't really know what strategy is going to get UK schools to use
5879 free software, but building an active community of Skolelinux/Debian
5880 Edu users in this country has to be part of it.</p>
5881
5882       </div>
5883       <div class="tags">
5884
5885
5886         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5887
5888
5889       </div>
5890     </div>
5891     <div class="padding"></div>
5892
5893     <div class="entry">
5894       <div class="title">
5895         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Writing_and_translating_documentation_in_Debian_Edu.html">Writing and translating documentation in Debian Edu</a>
5896       </div>
5897       <div class="date">
5898         16th March 2012
5899       </div>
5900       <div class="body">
5901         <p>Documentation in Debian Edu is provided in several languages, and
5902 it is important to make it both easy to contribute and to keep the
5903 translated versions in sync.  To do this we have come up with what we
5904 believe is a very efficient work flow.</p>
5905
5906 <ol>
5907
5908 <li>The documentation is written in a
5909 <a href="http://moinmo.in">moinmoin wiki</a> (see for example
5910 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">the
5911 Squeeze release manual</a>) with support for exporting the content as
5912 docbook XML.</li>
5913
5914 <li>This docbook document is given to po4a to extract a gettext style
5915 .pot file with the content, which in turn is used to create .po files
5916 with the translated text.</li>
5917
5918 <li>The .po files are given to translators, and they can always tell
5919 which part of the original wiki document is new or changed.  They can
5920 use their normal translation tools like lokalize or poedit to write
5921 the translation.  There is even a system in place to handle translated
5922 images.</li>
5923
5924 <li>The translated .po files are combined with the original docbook
5925 XML document using po4a to create a translated docbook document.</li>
5926
5927 <li>The final step is to use all the generated docbook files and
5928 create PDF and HTML version of the original and translated documents.</li>
5929
5930 </ol>
5931
5932 <p>This setup work very well, but have a few issues.  The biggest
5933 issue is that <a href="http://moinmo.in/DocBook">the docbook support
5934 we use in moinmoin</a> is not actively maintained.  The docbook
5935 support is also buggy, and our build system contain workarounds to
5936 make sure the generated docbook is usable despite these bugs.</p>
5937
5938 <p>If you want to have a look at our setup, it is all there in the
5939 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/debian-edu-doc">debian-edu-doc
5940 package</a>.</p>
5941
5942       </div>
5943       <div class="tags">
5944
5945
5946         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5947
5948
5949       </div>
5950     </div>
5951     <div class="padding"></div>
5952
5953     <div class="entry">
5954       <div class="title">
5955         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/NUUG_presentasjon__Skolelinux___ferdig_oppsatt_skolenettl_sning.html">NUUG-presentasjon: Skolelinux - ferdig oppsatt skolenettløsning</a>
5956       </div>
5957       <div class="date">
5958         13th March 2012
5959       </div>
5960       <div class="body">
5961         <p>I dag presenterte jeg ny versjon av Skolelinux for NUUGs medlemmer.
5962 <a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/mypapers/20120313-skolelinux-squeeze.html">Lysark</a>
5963 er tilgjengelige allerede og
5964 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20120313-skolelinux/">video-opptak</a>
5965 kommer så snart videogruppa til NUUG får publisert den.  Jeg kom på
5966 endel punkter om nye ting i Squeeze-utgaven under veis som jeg burde
5967 hatt med, og har sikkert skrevet noe tull på lysarkene som jeg ennå
5968 ikke har oppdaget.  Denne presentasjonen ble smurt ihop på veldig kort
5969 tid, og jeg rakk ikke finpusse den.  Håper den kan være lærerik
5970 likevel.</p>
5971
5972       </div>
5973       <div class="tags">
5974
5975
5976         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
5977
5978
5979       </div>
5980     </div>
5981     <div class="padding"></div>
5982
5983     <div class="entry">
5984       <div class="title">
5985         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__K_re_Nordby.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Kåre Nordby</a>
5986       </div>
5987       <div class="date">
5988         12th March 2012
5989       </div>
5990       <div class="body">
5991         <p>Første ut i serien med intervjuer av folk i
5992 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet etter at
5993 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">ny
5994 versjon av Skolelinux</a> ble lansert i helga, er nylig valgte
5995 styremedlem i foreningen
5996 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
5997 Skolen</a> (FRiSK) som organiserer
5998 Skolelinux-utviklingen og daglig leder i
5999 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a>, selskapet
6000 prosjektet opprettet som et tilbud til skoler som ønsket en
6001 kommersiell samarbeidsparter.  Det bør nevnes at jeg er styremedlem i
6002 Skolelinux Drift AS og styreleder i selskapets hovedeier stiftelsen
6003 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/">SLX Debian Labs</a>
6004 som beskytter verdiene til Skolelinux-prosjektet, og kjenner Kåre den
6005 veien.</p>
6006
6007 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6008
6009 <p>Jeg har siden januar 2010 vært daglig leder i Skolelinux Drift AS,
6010 som leverer support, installasjon, tilpasning, drift, og opplæring på
6011 Debian Edu / Skolelinux. Fra 2012 er jeg valgt inn som styremedlem i
6012 FRiSK.  Min forrige jobb var som KAM i Redpill Linpro (som er en av
6013 eierne i Skolelinux Drift).  Før det var jeg daglig leder i et eget 7
6014 manns konsulent selskap som også startet med fri programvare mot
6015 slutten.</p>
6016
6017 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6018
6019 <p>Jeg hørte om det først når jeg jobbet i Redpill Linpro.  Men jeg
6020 har også en datter som går på en friskole, som også bruker Skolelinux.
6021 Som kjent har ikke friskoler de samme økonomiske rammebetingelsene som
6022 offentlige skoler, så for dem var det det absolutt beste alternativet.
6023 De anser også Skolelinux som et stabilt system, som bare går og går (i
6024 motsetning til det lille Windows-baserte nettverket de har på
6025 admin-siden).</p>
6026
6027 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6028
6029 <p>Sentralisert drift av tynne og diskløse arbeidsstasjoner. Således
6030 lydløse og raskere arbeidsstasjoner som er bedre i klasserommet.
6031 Lengre levetid på PC'er.  Store besparelser på maskinvare og drift. Og
6032 så klart fjerning av alle lisenskostnader. Personlig synes jeg også at
6033 mange av programmene er bedre enn alternativene. Men dette er ofte en
6034 smakssak og avhengig om man må ha det man er vant til fra før.</p>
6035
6036 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6037
6038 <p>For lite kjentskap til løsningen.  Noen ganger for dårlig
6039 kompatibilitet med arbeidsstasjoners/bærbare maskiner sine
6040 nettverksdrivere eller skjermkort. Men dette løser vi i skolene ved
6041 standardisering. Ellers er det få, om nesten ingen, av de kjente
6042 maskinvare / infrastruktur leverandørene til fylkes- / kommuner som
6043 tilbyr denne plattformen.  Skal dette endre seg så må kommunene selv
6044 sette slike krav til leverandørene.</p>
6045
6046 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6047
6048 <p>Har brukt OpenOffice.org siden starten (2001 ?), Kun Linux på
6049 desktop siden 2005. Bruker i dag Kubuntu, Libreoffice og ymse annet
6050 programvare til ulik kontorbruk som er lett å installere / teste via
6051 alle programarkivene som finnes.</p>
6052
6053 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6054 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6055
6056 <p>Fortsette å presentere flere av de gode eksemplene hvor Debian Edu
6057 / Skolelinux brukes i kommuner og enkeltskoler.  Vi må få bedre frem
6058 at det er mulig tilknytte både Windows og Mac klienter på denne
6059 plattformen (selv om det vil øke driftskostnadene).  Dette gjøres
6060 mange steder.  Spesielt er det mange lærere som ønsker å bruke
6061 Windows/Mac-bærbare, gjerne som sin private PC også. Det er også mulig
6062 for kommunen å integrere med Active Directory i stedet for OpenLDAP
6063 som kommer med ut av boksen (selv om også dette øker kostnadene).
6064 Dette vil muligens bidra til å fjerne noe motstand hos noen
6065 potensielle brukere / driftpersonell for å ta i bruk noe
6066 nytt. Fremveksten av mobile brukere og nettbrett går i vår favør.
6067 Brukerne blir kjent og vant til flere nye operativsystemer /
6068 brukergrensesnitt. Så utviklerfellesskapet bør jobbe videre med å
6069 integrere flere nye klienttyper, som ultra lav-kostklienter og
6070 nettbrett (blant annet fri programvare-alternativet
6071 <a href="http://makeplaylive.com/">Spark</a> med
6072 <a href="http://www.merproject.org/">Mer OS</a> og
6073 <a href="http://plasma-active.org/">KDE Active Plasma</a>).</p>
6074
6075       </div>
6076       <div class="tags">
6077
6078
6079         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6080
6081
6082       </div>
6083     </div>
6084     <div class="padding"></div>
6085
6086     <div class="entry">
6087       <div class="title">
6088         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_Squeeze_is_out_.html">Skolelinux / Debian Edu Squeeze is out!</a>
6089       </div>
6090       <div class="date">
6091         11th March 2012
6092       </div>
6093       <div class="body">
6094         <p>This weekend we finally published the first stable release of
6095 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a> based
6096 on Debian/Squeeze.  The full announcement is
6097 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">available</a>
6098 from the project announcement list.  Now is a good time to test if it
6099 you have not done so already.</p>
6100
6101 <p>I plan to present the new version at
6102 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20120313-skolelinux/">a NUUG
6103 meeting</a> on tuesday.  I look forward to seeing you there if you are
6104 in Oslo, Norway.</p>
6105
6106       </div>
6107       <div class="tags">
6108
6109
6110         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6111
6112
6113       </div>
6114     </div>
6115     <div class="padding"></div>
6116
6117     <div class="entry">
6118       <div class="title">
6119         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Nigel_Barker.html">Debian Edu interview: Nigel Barker</a>
6120       </div>
6121       <div class="date">
6122          9th March 2012
6123       </div>
6124       <div class="body">
6125         <p>Inspired by <a href="http://raphaelhertzog.com/tag/interview/">the
6126 interview series</a> conducted by Raphael, I started a Norwegian
6127 interview series with people involved in the Debian Edu / Skolelinux
6128 community.  This was so popular that I believe it is time to move to a
6129 more international audience.</p>
6130
6131 <p>While <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
6132 Skolelinux</a> originated in France and Norway, and have most users in
6133 Europe, there are users all around the globe.  One of those far away
6134 from me is Nigel Barker, a long time Debian Edu system administrator
6135 and contributor.  It is thanks to him that Debian Edu is adjusted to
6136 work out of the box in Japan.  I got him to answer a few questions,
6137 and am happy to share the response with you. :)
6138
6139
6140 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
6141
6142 <p>My name is Nigel Barker, and I am British. I am married to Yumiko,
6143 and we have three lovely children, aged 15, 14 and 4(!) I am the IT
6144 Coordinator at Hiroshima International School, Japan. I am also a
6145 teacher, and in fact I spend most of my day teaching Mathematics,
6146 Science, IT, and Chemistry. I was originally a Chemistry teacher, but
6147 I have always had an interest in computers. Another teacher teaches
6148 primary school IT, but apart from that I am the only computer person,
6149 so that means I am the network manager, technician and webmaster,
6150 also, and I help people with their computer problems. I teach python
6151 to beginners in an after-school club. I am way too busy, so I really
6152 appreciate the simplicity of Skolelinux.</p>
6153
6154 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
6155 project?</strong></p>
6156
6157 <p>In around 2004 or 5 I discovered the ltsp project, and set up a
6158 server in the IT lab. I wanted some way to connect it to our central
6159 samba server, which I was also quite poor at configuring. I discovered
6160 Edubuntu when it came out, but it didn't really improve my setup. I
6161 did various desperate searches for things like "school Linux server"
6162 and ended up in a document called "Drift" something or other. Reading
6163 there it became clear that Skolelinux was going to solve all my
6164 problems in one go. I was very excited, but apprehensive, because my
6165 previous attempts to install Debian had ended in failure (I used
6166 Mandrake for everything - ltsp, samba, apache, mail, ns...). I
6167 downloaded a beta version, had some problems, so subscribed to the
6168 Debian Edu list for help. I have remained subscribed ever since, and
6169 my school has run a Skolelinux network since Sarge.</p>
6170
6171 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6172 Edu?</strong></p>
6173
6174 <p>For me the integrated setup. This is not just the server, or the
6175 workstation, or the ltsp. Its all of them, and its all configured
6176 ready to go. I read somewhere in the early documentation that it is
6177 designed to be setup and managed by the Maths or Science teacher, who
6178 doesn't necessarily know much about computers, in a small Norwegian
6179 school. That describes me perfectly if you replace Norway with
6180 Japan.</p>
6181
6182 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6183 Edu?</strong></p>
6184
6185 <p>The desktop is fairly plain. If you compare it with Edubuntu, who
6186 have fun themes for children, or with distributions such as Mint, who
6187 make the desktop beautiful. They create a good impression on people
6188 who don't need to understand how to use any of it, but who might be
6189 important to the school. School administrators or directors, for
6190 instance, or parents. Even kids. Debian itself usually has ugly
6191 default theme settings. It was my dream a few years back that some
6192 kind of integration would allow Edubuntu to do the desktop stuff and
6193 Debian Edu the servers, but now I realise how impossible that is.  A
6194 second disadvantage is that if something goes wrong, or you need to
6195 customise something, then suddenly the level of expertise required
6196 multiplies. For example, backup wasn't working properly in Lenny. It
6197 took me ages to learn how to set up my own server to do rsync backups.
6198 I am afraid of anything to do with ldap, but perhaps Gosa will
6199 help.</p>
6200
6201 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
6202
6203 <p>Nowadays I only use Debian on my personal computers. I have one for
6204 studio work (I play guitar and write songs), running AV Linux
6205 (customised Debian) a netbook running Squeeze, and a bigger laptop
6206 still running Skolelinux Lenny workstation. I have a Tjener in my
6207 house, that's very useful for the family photos and music.  At school
6208 the students only use Skolelinux. (Some teachers and the office still
6209 have windows). So that means we only use free software all day every
6210 day. Open office, The GIMP, Firefox/Iceweasel, VLC and Audacity are
6211 installed on every computer in school, irrespective of OS.  We also
6212 have Koha on Debian for the library, and Apache, Moodle, b2evolution
6213 and Etomite on Debian for the www. The firewall is Untangle.</p>
6214
6215 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
6216 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
6217
6218 <p>Current trends are in our favour. Open source is big in industry,
6219 and ordinary people have heard of it. The spread of Android and the
6220 popularity of Apple have helped to weaken the impression that you have
6221 to have Microsoft on everything. People complain to me much less about
6222 file formats and Word than they did 5 years ago.  The Edu aspect is
6223 also a selling point. This is all customised for schools. Where is the
6224 Windows-edu, or the Mac-edu?  But of course the main attraction is
6225 budget.The trick is to convince people that the quality is not
6226 compromised when you stop paying and use free software instead. That
6227 is one reason why I say the desktop experience is a weakness. People
6228 are not impressed when their USB drive doesn't work, or their browser
6229 doesn't play flash, for example.</p>
6230
6231       </div>
6232       <div class="tags">
6233
6234
6235         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
6236
6237
6238       </div>
6239     </div>
6240     <div class="padding"></div>
6241
6242     <div class="entry">
6243       <div class="title">
6244         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_screencast__Mass_creation_of_user_accounts_in_Squeeze.html">Debian Edu screencast: Mass creation of user accounts in Squeeze</a>
6245       </div>
6246       <div class="date">
6247          7th March 2012
6248       </div>
6249       <div class="body">
6250         <!-- Video HTML based on http://www.diveintohtml5.net/video.html -->
6251
6252 <p>One of the Debian Edu developers, Wolfgang Schweer, just created a
6253 screen cast documenting how to create a lot of new users in LDAP on
6254 Debian Edu Squeeze.  The video is embedded here in quarter size, and
6255 also available from <a href="http://vimeo.com/37675399">vimeo</a> and
6256 download as a
6257 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv">Ogg
6258 Theora</a> file.  Check it out below.</p>
6259
6260 <p><video id="gosa-mass-user-create-movie" width="256" height="184" preload controls>
6261   <source src="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv" type='video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"' />
6262     <p>Download video as
6263       <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv">Ogg</a>.</p>
6264 </video></p>
6265
6266       </div>
6267       <div class="tags">
6268
6269
6270         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6271
6272
6273       </div>
6274     </div>
6275     <div class="padding"></div>
6276
6277     <div class="entry">
6278       <div class="title">
6279         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Third release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
6280       </div>
6281       <div class="date">
6282          4th March 2012
6283       </div>
6284       <div class="body">
6285         <p>This weekend we wrapped up and published the third release
6286 candidate for <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
6287 Skolelinux</a> based on Squeeze.  The full announcement is
6288 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00000.html">available</a>
6289 from the project announcement list.  Check it out if you
6290 need a software solution for your school.</p>
6291
6292       </div>
6293       <div class="tags">
6294
6295
6296         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6297
6298
6299       </div>
6300     </div>
6301     <div class="padding"></div>
6302
6303     <div class="entry">
6304       <div class="title">
6305         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Stopmotion_for_making_stop_motion_animations_on_Linux___reloaded.html">Stopmotion for making stop motion animations on Linux - reloaded</a>
6306       </div>
6307       <div class="date">
6308          3rd March 2012
6309       </div>
6310       <div class="body">
6311         <p>Many years ago, the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux
6312 / Debian Edu project</a> initiated a student project to create a tool
6313 for making stop motion movies.  The proposal came from a teacher
6314 needing such tool on Skolelinux.  The project, called "stopmotion",
6315 was manned by two extraordinary students and won a school award and a
6316 national aware with this great project.  The project was initiated and
6317 mentored by Herman Robak, and manned by the students Bjørn Erik Nilsen
6318 and Fredrik Berg Kjølstad.  They got in touch with people at Aardman
6319 Animation studio and received feedback on how professionals would like
6320 such stopmotion tool to work, and the end result was and is used by
6321 animators around the globe.  But as is usual after studying, both got
6322 jobs and went elsewhere, and did not have time to properly tend to the
6323 project, and it has been lingering for a few years now.  Until last
6324 year...</p>
6325
6326 <p>Last year some of the users got together with Herman, and moved the
6327 project to Sourceforge and in effect restarted the project under a new
6328 name,
6329 <a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/linuxstopmotion/">linuxstopmotion</a>.
6330 The name change was done to make it possible to find the project using
6331 Internet search engines (try to search for 'stopmotion' to see what I
6332 mean). I've been following
6333 <a href="https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/linuxstopmotion-community">the
6334 mailing list</a> and the improvement already in place and planned for
6335 the future is encouraging.  If you want to make stop motion movies.
6336 Check it out. :)</p>
6337
6338       </div>
6339       <div class="tags">
6340
6341
6342         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
6343
6344
6345       </div>
6346     </div>
6347     <div class="padding"></div>
6348
6349     <div class="entry">
6350       <div class="title">
6351         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Frode_Danielsen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Frode Danielsen</a>
6352       </div>
6353       <div class="date">
6354         27th February 2012
6355       </div>
6356       <div class="body">
6357         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
6358 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet møter vi
6359 denne gangen Frode Danielsen, som er leder for en IT-virksomhet som
6360 passer på IT-løsningen til flere kommuner i Hedmark-området, der noen
6361 av dem bruker Skolelinux i dag.</p>
6362
6363 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6364
6365 <p>Daglig leder i <a href="http://www.hedmarken-ikt.no/">Hedmark
6366 IKT</a>. En interkommunal IKT-virksomhet for Stange, Nord-Odal,
6367 Kongsvinger, Grue, Løten og Hamar kommuner. Vi er 32 ansatte</p>
6368
6369 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6370
6371 <p>Vi har vært i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet i flere
6372 sammenhenger, blant annet gjennom et par piloter som ikke har ført til
6373 noe konkret resultat.  Nå sist gjennom satsingen på skolelinux i Grue,
6374 Kongsvinger og Nord-Odal.</p>
6375
6376 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong>
6377 <br><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6378
6379 <p>Jeg tror alle løsninger har fordeler og ulemper, litt avhengig av
6380 hvilket ståsted du selv har, så jeg unnlater å svare på dette.</p>
6381
6382 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6383
6384 <p>Ingen for min egen del, men vi har noe fri programvare i våre
6385 løsninger.</p>
6386
6387 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6388 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6389
6390 <p>Jeg tror ikke man skal ha en slik strategi.  Man bør ha en strategi
6391 basert på å løse fremtidige behov, og velge løsninger som støtter opp
6392 under dette.</p>
6393
6394       </div>
6395       <div class="tags">
6396
6397
6398         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6399
6400
6401       </div>
6402     </div>
6403     <div class="padding"></div>
6404
6405     <div class="entry">
6406       <div class="title">
6407         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Second release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
6408       </div>
6409       <div class="date">
6410         27th February 2012
6411       </div>
6412       <div class="body">
6413         <p>This weekend we wrapped up and published the second release
6414 candidate for <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
6415 Skolelinux</a> based on Squeeze.  The full announcement did for some
6416 reason not make it the project announcement list, but is
6417 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-devel-announce/2012/02/msg00015.html">available</a>
6418 from the Debian development announcement list.  Check it out if you
6419 need a software solution for your school.</p>
6420
6421       </div>
6422       <div class="tags">
6423
6424
6425         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6426
6427
6428       </div>
6429     </div>
6430     <div class="padding"></div>
6431
6432     <div class="entry">
6433       <div class="title">
6434         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Knut_Yrvin.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Knut Yrvin</a>
6435       </div>
6436       <div class="date">
6437         21st February 2012
6438       </div>
6439       <div class="body">
6440         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
6441 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi nå
6442 høre fra nyvalgt leder i foreningen
6443 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
6444 Skolen</a> og en av stifterne av Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
6445
6446 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6447
6448 <p>Knut Yrvin her. Jobber i Nokia med å fremme rammeverket Qt og QML
6449 med tilhørende utviklerverktøy. Rollen er som leder av
6450 friprog-samfunn. I fjor var jeg med å legge om utviklingen av Qt til
6451 åpen forvaltning.  På den måten kan alle som bidrar til Qt gjøre det
6452 på like vilkår.  Nå er det
6453 <a href="http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2011/12/22/qt-5-%E2%80%93-a-look-back-at-the-numbers/">over
6454 1000 utviklere</a> som bidrar til Qt. Med overgangen til åpen
6455 forvaltning er utviklingen av Qt mer åpen enn Linux-kjernen.</p>
6456
6457 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6458
6459 <p>Jeg var en av initiativtagerne til Skolelinux i 2001. Skolene slet
6460 med både utstyr og Internett-tilgang. De klarte ikke å møte
6461 forventningene til data i skolen. Driften av PC-ene var uholdbar. Som
6462 regel hadde rektor pekt ut en ivrig lærer til å passe på PC-ene,
6463 gjerne naturfaglæreren. Mange lærere jobbet mye ubetalt overtid for å
6464 vedlikeholde 30-40 datamaskiner på hver sin skole. Med 300 elever og
6465 lærere som brukere, blir det fort mye mer arbeid enn de 4-8 timene de
6466 kunne bruke på PC-drift. Skolene hadde kun en femtedel av
6467 IT-budsjettet som ble brukt på PC-ene i rådhuset.</p>
6468
6469 <p>Vi erfarte at skolene hadde mye datautstyr som stod ubrukt. Skolene
6470 manglet penger til Microsoft-lisenser. Selv med solide skolerabatter,
6471 kostet Microsoft-lisensene gjerne like mye som PC-ene i seg selv over
6472 en periode på 5-6 år.</p>
6473
6474 <p>Viktigheten av språklig mangfold og pedagogiske programmer var også
6475 viktig for oss. Vi oversatte mange skoleaktuelle programmer til
6476 nynorsk, nordsamisk og bokmål. Dette lenge før andre tok denne
6477 oppgaven seriøst.  Allerede etter ett år hadde vi etablert et helt
6478 arsenal av skoleaktuelle programmer på nynorsk, bokmål og
6479 nordsamisk. Vi spredde vår ide om språklig mangfold til de andre frie
6480 prosjekter internasjonalt. Resultatene ser vi i mange land. Det er de
6481 frie programmene som kommer på brukernes morsmål. Det er en av flere
6482 gode grunner til at fri programvare som LibreOffice, VLC, KDE og
6483 Firefox konkurrerer ut godseid programvare mange steder i verden.</p>
6484
6485 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6486
6487 <p>Fordelene er at Skolelinux tilbyr over 100 skoleaktuelle programmer
6488 på de norske språkene, uten ett øre i lisenskostnader. Systemet gir
6489 enormt lave driftskostnader med diskløse arbeidsstasjoner og bærbare
6490 med roaming.  Skolelinux krever også mindre av maskinvaren.</p>
6491
6492 <p>Man kan fint kjøre systemet med 512 MB RAM på en bærbar PC sammen
6493 med en nettvideo i nettleseren og en presentasjon med
6494 LibreOffice. Konkurrerende system krever fort 2 GB RAM for å få til
6495 noe tilsvarende uten at det går ufattelig tregt. Skal man gjøre noe
6496 nyttig, krever konkurrentene til Linux mye større harddisk. Skoler har
6497 rapportert at de fort har fått 50% flere nye maskiner om de velger
6498 Linux. Dette i tillegg til de årlige besparelsene ved å unngå
6499 lisensbetaling til godseid programvare.</p>
6500
6501 <p>De lave driftskostnadene gjør at delstater i Europa har titusener
6502 av datamaskiner med Skolelinux i skolen. F.eks. er det under ti
6503 personer som drifter 70.000 PC-systemer i skolene i Extremadura i
6504 Spania. Det er slett ikke uvanlig at norske kommuner har 1500-2000
6505 datamaskiner med Skolelinux.  Driften tar ett årsverk. Slår flere
6506 kommuner seg sammen, kan de få samme sentraliserte stordriftsfordeler
6507 som delstater i Tyskland og Spania.  Delstater som kjører Skolelinux
6508 på alle skolene. Bare noen få personer sentraldrifter titusenvis av
6509 PC-er.</p>
6510
6511 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6512
6513 <p>Den største ulempen for Skolelinux er motstand mot Linux fra
6514 IT-sjefer i det offentlige. Dette er ledere som holder innlegg som
6515 snytt ut av evangelist-håndboka til Microsoft. Dette gjøres i ett
6516 arbeidsmarked med stor vekst i etterspørselen etter Linux-fagfolk i
6517 privat sektor.  Etterspørselen har økt mer enn noe annet tekniske yrke
6518 siste tiåret.  Åtte av ti ledere vil ansette Linux-fagfolk i 2012,
6519 rapporterer jobbnettstedet Dice.com på oppdrag av Linux
6520 Foundation.</p>
6521
6522 <p>Det mangler 16.000 ingeniører og IKT-fagfolk i Norge rapporterte
6523 arbeids- og velferdsetaten NAV. Linux-fagfolk kan velge svært
6524 interessante jobber med alt fra apps på ledende mobilsystem laget med
6525 Linux, sky- tjenester eller web-applikasjoner. De raskest voksende
6526 teknologiselskapene i verden er ute etter Linux-fagfolk. Det være seg
6527 Amazon, Google, Facebook og IBM for å nevne noen. Linux er kritisk
6528 for å sikre veksten i markedet. Det sier seg selv at lønningene og
6529 jobbmulighetene er bedre enn for andre tekniske yrker.</p>
6530
6531 <p>Skal man lage apps for mobilen, smart-TV-en eller
6532 underholdningssystemet i bilen eller på flyet, er det Linux som
6533 gjelder. Med en slik konkurranse om Linux-kompetansen, kombinert med
6534 motstanden mot Linux hos mange IT-sjefer i offentlig sektor, så
6535 hindrer kommunene rekruttering av flere Linux- fagfolk. Skolene blir
6536 tvunget til å velge dyrere og mindre komplette IT-system. De har
6537 blitt hengende igjen slik IT var på begynnelsen av 2000- tallet. Dette
6538 fordi IT-ledere ikke har tilpasset seg markedet det siste tiåret.</p>
6539
6540 <p>Når det er sagt, er Skolelinux svært enkelt å lære seg også for de
6541 som ikke kan. Det viser alle lærerne som drifter systemet for
6542 hundrevis og tusenvis av systemer. Det meste er på plass rett ut av
6543 boksen. I tillegg er det solid med dokumentasjon med god hjelp på
6544 nettet. Det er mange kommuner som har ansatt en lærer som først lærte
6545 Skolelinux på sin skole, for så å drifte alle PC-ene i kommunen med
6546 Skolelinux. Det kan fort være snakk om 1000-3000 datamaskiner på 10-15
6547 skoler som sentraldriftes med en stilling.  Står man ordentlig fast,
6548 kan man også kjøpe profesjonell hjelp fra selskap som støtter
6549 Skolelinux. Det er flere slike selskap i Norge og i utlandet.</p>
6550
6551 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6552
6553 <p>Qt SDK, LibreOffice, Firefox, VLC og KDE-skrivebordet. Dette på et
6554 Debian-basert GNU/Linux-system. Jeg bruker også noen morsomme
6555 3D-spill. Idag kan jeg velge mellom over 30.000 Linux-programmer. Det
6556 finnes ikke tid i livet å undersøke alle valgmulighetene. Derfor er
6557 det bra med Skolelinux i skolen, da utvalget av programmer er
6558 begrenset til hva som er aktuelt i skolefagene.</p>
6559
6560 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6561 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6562
6563 <p>Vi må selge hele Skolelinux forhåndsinstallert på maskinvare i hele
6564 pakker med 50-100-1000 PC-klienter med servere. Dette kan selges til
6565 enkeltskoler eller hele kommuner. Pakken må inneholde tjenermaskiner,
6566 svært rimelige diskløse arbeidsstasjoner, nettbrett med Plasma Active,
6567 og bærbare med roaming. Alt er godt testet med Debian. I et slikt
6568 anbud er det mulig å legge til sentraliserte drifts- og
6569 støttetjenester.</p>
6570
6571 <p>Man bør også selge sky-tjenester som læreadministrative systemet
6572 Moodle og driftsovervåking. I tillegg så bør man slenge seg på med
6573 presentasjoner de gangene LibreOffice og andre friprog-produkter
6574 selges til kommuner.</p>
6575
6576       </div>
6577       <div class="tags">
6578
6579
6580         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6581
6582
6583       </div>
6584     </div>
6585     <div class="padding"></div>
6586
6587     <div class="entry">
6588       <div class="title">
6589         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">First release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
6590       </div>
6591       <div class="date">
6592         19th February 2012
6593       </div>
6594       <div class="body">
6595         <p>One week delayed due to DVD build problems, we managed today to
6596 wrap up and publish the first release candidate for
6597 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
6598 on Squeeze.  The full announcement is
6599 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/02/msg00001.html">available</a>
6600 on the project announcement list.  Check it out if you need a software
6601 solution for your school.</p>
6602
6603       </div>
6604       <div class="tags">
6605
6606
6607         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6608
6609
6610       </div>
6611     </div>
6612     <div class="padding"></div>
6613
6614     <div class="entry">
6615       <div class="title">
6616         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Olav_Dahlum.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Olav Dahlum</a>
6617       </div>
6618       <div class="date">
6619         18th February 2012
6620       </div>
6621       <div class="body">
6622         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
6623 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi nå
6624 høre fra et nyvalgt medlem i foreningen
6625 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
6626 Skolen</a>.</p>
6627
6628 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6629
6630 <p>Jeg heter Olav Dahlum, og er frilans oversetter, tester,
6631 prosjektleder og bruker av fri og åpen programvare som
6632 LibreOffice. Jeg er også et av styremedlemmene i FRISK.</p>
6633
6634 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6635
6636 <p>Jeg kom i kontakt med prosjektet i 2009, da jeg ble ansatt i
6637 stiftelsen Åpne kontorprogram på norsk for å oversette og teste den
6638 norske utgaven av OpenOffice.org. Arbeidet har hele tiden vært
6639 koordinert sammen med Skolelinux, og mange av de samme menneskene er
6640 involvert, så på den måten ble jeg en del av den utvidede
6641 familien.</p>
6642
6643 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6644
6645 <p>Skolelinux handler i likhet med utdanningssektoren om å dele
6646 kunnskap med andre, og det er dette som er hovedstyrken til
6647 prosjektet.  Selv om Skolelinux hovedsaklig er involvert i utvikling
6648 av programvare, er det også et sted der man kan utfolde seg uavhengig
6649 av bakgrunn og ferdigheter.</p>
6650
6651 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6652
6653 <p>Liten utbredelse og manglende støtte fra leverandører som leverer
6654 pedagogisk programvare til skolebruk.  Kunne kanskje hatt flere
6655 verktøy som letter administrasjonen ytterligere, slik at også mindre
6656 erfarne databrukere kan utføre lett vedlikehold og rutinejobber.</p>
6657
6658 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6659
6660 <p>Jeg er nesten forpliktet til å si at jeg bruker LibreOffice... Jeg
6661 bruker forøvrig frie og åpne operativsystemer basert på
6662 operativsystemkjernen Linux, for tiden openSUSE 12,1 med KDE4.  Men
6663 hvis jeg skal dra fram noen flere eksempler så er nok Mozilla Firefox
6664 og Thunderbird to av de jeg bruker mest. I tillegg er jeg en flittig
6665 bruker av OpenSSH, Irssi, Midnight Commander, Git, Subversion,
6666 Translation Toolkit og Super Maryo Chronicles (litt gøy skal man ha,
6667 og med to håndkontroller liggende er det ikke til å unngå).</p>
6668
6669 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6670 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6671
6672 <p>Vi må få leverandører av pedagogisk programvare med på laget, men
6673 også utvikle vår egen tilpasset det norske markedet.  Det er også
6674 mulig å involvere utdanningssektoren direkte i arbeidet, for eksempel
6675 gjennom studentprosjekter der elevene selv er med å utforme
6676 programvare direkte eller indirekte gjennom aktive bidrag.  Dette gjør
6677 ikke bare samarbeidet tettere, men fokuset på standarder og friheten
6678 til å velge sin egen løsning vil kanskje stimulere interessen for
6679 framtidig deltakelse i bransjen.  Vi som driver med fri og åpen
6680 programvare ønsker oss ikke rene konsumenter, men tenkende og
6681 selvstendige individer som kan være med å skape sin egen fremtid.</p>
6682
6683       </div>
6684       <div class="tags">
6685
6686
6687         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6688
6689
6690       </div>
6691     </div>
6692     <div class="padding"></div>
6693
6694     <div class="entry">
6695       <div class="title">
6696         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_proxy_configuration_with_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux.html">Automatic proxy configuration with Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
6697       </div>
6698       <div class="date">
6699         13th February 2012
6700       </div>
6701       <div class="body">
6702         <p>New in the Squeeze version of
6703 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> is the
6704 ability for clients to automatically configure their proxy settings
6705 based on their environment.  We want all systems on the client to use
6706 the WPAD based proxy definition fetched from <tt>http://wpad/wpad.dat</tt>, to
6707 allow sites to control the proxy setting from a central place and make
6708 sure clients do not have hard coded proxy settings.  The schools can
6709 change the global proxy setting by editing
6710 <tt>tjener:/etc/debian-edu/www/wpad.dat</tt> and the change propagate
6711 to all Debian Edu clients in the network.</p>
6712
6713 <p>The problem is that some systems do not understand the WPAD system.
6714 In other words, how do one get from a WPAD file like this (this is a
6715 simple one, they can run arbitrary code):</p>
6716
6717 <blockquote><pre>
6718 function FindProxyForURL(url, host)
6719 {
6720    if (!isResolvable(host) ||
6721        isPlainHostName(host) ||
6722        dnsDomainIs(host, ".intern"))
6723       return "DIRECT";
6724    else
6725       return "PROXY webcache:3128; DIRECT";
6726 }
6727 </pre></blockquote>
6728
6729 <p>to a proxy setting in the process environment looking like this:</p>
6730
6731 <blockquote><pre>
6732 http_proxy=http://webcache:3128/
6733 ftp_proxy=http://webcache:3128/
6734 </pre></blockquote>
6735
6736 <p>To do this conversion I developed a perl script that will execute
6737 the javascript fragment in the WPAD file and return the proxy that
6738 would be used for
6739 <tt><a href="http://www.debian.org/">http://www.debian.org/</a></tt>,
6740 and insert this extracted proxy URL in <tt>/etc/environment</tt> and
6741 <tt>/etc/apt/apt.conf</tt>.  The perl script wpad-extract work just
6742 fine in Squeeze, but in Wheezy the library it need to run the
6743 javascript code is <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/631045">no longer
6744 able to build</a> because the C library it depended on is now a C++
6745 library.  I hope someone find a solution to that problem before Wheezy
6746 is frozen.  An alternative would be for us to rewrite wpad-extract to
6747 use some other javascript library currently working in Wheezy, but no
6748 known alternative is known at the moment.</p>
6749
6750 <p>This automatic proxy system allow the roaming workstation (aka
6751 laptop) setup in Debian Edu/Squeeze to use the proxy when the laptop
6752 is connected to the backbone network in a Debian Edu setup, and to
6753 automatically use any proxy present and announced using the WPAD
6754 feature when it is connected to other networks.  And if no proxy is
6755 announced, direct connections will be used instead.</p>
6756
6757 <p>Silently using a proxy announced on the network might be a privacy
6758 or security problem.  But those controlling DHCP and DNS on a network
6759 could just as easily set up a transparent proxy, and force all HTTP
6760 and FTP connections to use a proxy anyway, so I consider that
6761 distinction to be academic.  If you are afraid of using the wrong
6762 proxy, you should avoid connecting to the network in question in the
6763 first place.  In Debian Edu, the proxy setup is updated using dhcp and
6764 ifupdown hooks, to make sure the configuration is updated every time
6765 the network setup changes.</p>
6766
6767 <p>The WPAD system is documented in a
6768 <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-wrec-wpad-01">IETF
6769 draft</a> and a
6770 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_Proxy_Autodiscovery_Protocol">Wikipedia
6771 page</a> for those that want to learn more.</p>
6772
6773       </div>
6774       <div class="tags">
6775
6776
6777         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6778
6779
6780       </div>
6781     </div>
6782     <div class="padding"></div>
6783
6784     <div class="entry">
6785       <div class="title">
6786         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Axel_Bojer.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Axel Bojer</a>
6787       </div>
6788       <div class="date">
6789          7th February 2012
6790       </div>
6791       <div class="body">
6792         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
6793 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet har jeg
6794 fått en av oversetterne som har vært med siden starten i tale.</p>
6795
6796 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6797
6798 <p>Jeg heter Axel Bojer og er datalærer, tysklærer, oversetter med
6799 mere.</p>
6800
6801 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6802
6803 <p>Tror jeg så en annonsering på nettet i slutten av 2001 og ville
6804 være med som oversetter.  Jeg kom med på en utviklersamling og
6805 prosjektet var da helt i starten.  Det var spennende å være med mens
6806 prosjektet vokste til og utviklet seg.</p>
6807
6808 <p>Jeg har «alltid» vært språkinteressert og hadde nettopp startet med
6809 Linux og tror jeg tenkte det passet å bidra.  Var også glad for å få
6810 en Debian-distribusjon, og ville gjerne bruke den selv.  Til å begynne
6811 med brukte jeg først Mandrake og så Debian. Og siden jeg oppdaget at
6812 det ikke var noen mulighet for å bruke den som enkeltstående i lang
6813 tid, så gikk jeg etterhvert over til Kubuntu</p>
6814
6815 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6816
6817 <p>Løsningen er forholdsvis lett å sette opp, gratis, fri programvare
6818 og gjør det mulig å gjenbruke eldre maskiner.  Det fine med Debian er
6819 at det er stabilt og har en veldig stor mengde programmer. Jeg liker
6820 også apt.  :-) Jeg liker også friheten ved Linux og muligheten til å
6821 delta og forme sin egen datahverdag.</p>
6822
6823 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6824
6825 <p>Skolelinux er for lite kjent og for sent ute med å gi ut nye
6826 versjoner.</p>
6827
6828 <p>Da jeg selv i hovedsak bruker Kubuntu, så kan jeg egentlig ikke
6829 svare så detaljert rundt ulempene med Skolelinux.  Hovedårsaken til at
6830 jeg bruker Kubuntu er nok at da vi begynte med det mener jeg det ikke
6831 var noen annen løsning.  «Vandrende arbeidsstasjon» mener jeg ikke
6832 fantes da.  Dessuten ville jeg ha siste versjon, da den KDE-versjonen
6833 som var i Skolelinux den gangen var en god del enklere (tror det var
6834 KDE 2) var dårligere i mine øyne enn versjon 3.</p>
6835
6836 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6837
6838 <p>Jeg bruker blant annet Kubuntu, LibreOffice, Thunderbird, Firefox,
6839 Kate, <a href="http://comix.sourceforge.net/">Comix</a> og Konsole.  Og
6840 en hel haug andre ved behov :-)</p>
6841
6842 <p>Har oversatt Comix selv, men det er jo ikke skjedd noe med Comix
6843 siden 2009, så den er det nok bare jeg som har.  Om andre vil ha den
6844 gir jeg den gjerne videre.  Ser at noen har startet på
6845 <a href="http://mcomix.sourceforge.net/">MComix</a> siden jeg så på så
6846 på dette sist, så nå er jeg igang med å teste og oversette den
6847 også.</p>
6848
6849 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6850 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6851
6852 <p>Det viktigste er å forankre beslutningen i kollegiet og med de som
6853 er ansvarlige for å vedlikeholde og bruke datamaskinene.  Flest mulig
6854 bør være med på å holde det (sosialt) vedlike, kjenne og støtte
6855 prinsippene. Som enkeltmannsprosjekt blir det lett veldig sårbart,
6856 særlig når (Skole)linux ennå i stor grad er en motkultur og ikke noe
6857 en stor nok andel av beslutningstakere, brukere osv kjenner til og
6858 bruker.</p>
6859
6860 <p>Jeg tror det viktigste er å fortsette å holde fri programvare godt,
6861 oppdatert, minimere antall feil, ha en god kontakt med brukerne og
6862 attraktivt og spennende programmer. Beholde alt som er bra og ha det
6863 tilgjengelig samtidig som man tilbyr det nyeste og rareste for de som
6864 vil ha det.</p>
6865
6866       </div>
6867       <div class="tags">
6868
6869
6870         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6871
6872
6873       </div>
6874     </div>
6875     <div class="padding"></div>
6876
6877     <div class="entry">
6878       <div class="title">
6879         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Saving_power_with_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_using_shutdown_at_night.html">Saving power with Debian Edu / Skolelinux using shutdown-at-night</a>
6880       </div>
6881       <div class="date">
6882          5th February 2012
6883       </div>
6884       <div class="body">
6885         <p>Since the Lenny version of
6886 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>, a
6887 feature to save power have been included.  It is as simple as it is
6888 practical: Shut down unused clients at night, and turn them on again
6889 in the morning.  This is done using the
6890 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/shutdown-at-night.html">shutdown-at-night</a> Debian package.</p>
6891
6892 <p>To enable this feature on a client, the machine need to be added to
6893 the netgroup shutdown-at-night-hosts.  For Debian Edu, this is done in
6894 LDAP, and once this is in place, the machine in question will check
6895 every hour from 16:00 until 06:00 to see if the machine is unused, and
6896 shut it down if it is.  If the hardware in question is supported by
6897 the
6898 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/n/nvram-wakeup.html">nvram-wakeup</a>
6899 package, the BIOS is told to turn the machine back on around 07:00 +-
6900 10 minutes.  If this isn't working, one can configure wake-on-lan to
6901 try to turn on the client.  The wake-on-lan option is only documented
6902 and not enabled by default in Debian Edu.</p>
6903
6904 <p>It is important to not turn all machines on at once, as this can
6905 blow a fuse if several computers are connected to the same fuse like
6906 the common setup for a classroom.  The nvram-wakeup method only work
6907 for machines with a functioning hardware/BIOS clock.  I've seen old
6908 machines where the BIOS battery were dead and the hardware clock were
6909 starting from 0 (or was it 1990?) every boot.  If you have one of
6910 those, you have to turn on the computer manually.</p>
6911
6912 <p>The shutdown-at-night package is completely self contained, and can
6913 also be used outside the Debian Edu environment.  For those without a
6914 central LDAP server with netgroups, one can instead touch the file
6915 <tt>/etc/shutdown-at-night/shutdown-at-night</tt> to enable it.
6916 Perhaps you too can use it to save some power?</p>
6917
6918       </div>
6919       <div class="tags">
6920
6921
6922         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6923
6924
6925       </div>
6926     </div>
6927     <div class="padding"></div>
6928
6929     <div class="entry">
6930       <div class="title">
6931         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_beta_version_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Third beta version of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
6932       </div>
6933       <div class="date">
6934          4th February 2012
6935       </div>
6936       <div class="body">
6937         <p>I am happy to announce that finally we managed today to wrap up and
6938 publish the third beta version of
6939 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
6940 on Squeeze.  If you want to test a LDAP backed Kerberos server with
6941 out of the box PXE configuration for running diskless machines and
6942 installing new machines, check it out.  If you need a software
6943 solution for your school, check it out too.  The full announcement is
6944 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/02/msg00000.html">available</a>
6945 on the project announcement list.</p>
6946
6947 <p>I am very happy to report these changes and improvements since
6948 beta2 (there are more, see announcement for full list):</p>
6949
6950 <ul>
6951
6952 <li>It is now possible to change the pre-configured IP subnet from
6953   10.0.0.0/8 to something else by using the subnet-change tool after
6954   the installation.</li>
6955
6956 <li>Too full partitions are now automatically extended on the Main
6957   Server, based on the rules specified in /etc/fsautoresizetab.</li>
6958
6959 <li>The CUPS queues are now automatically flushed every night, and all
6960   disabled queues are restarted every hour.  This should cut down on
6961   the amount of manual administration needed for printers.</li>
6962
6963 <li>The set of initial users have been changed.  Now a personal user
6964   for the local system administrator is created during installation
6965   instead of the previously created localadmin and super-admin users,
6966   and this user is granted administrative privileges using group
6967   membership.  This reduces the number of passwords one need to keep
6968   up to date on the system.</li>
6969
6970 </ul>
6971
6972 <p>The new main server seem to work so well that I am testing it as my
6973 private DNS/LDAP/Kerberos/PXE/LTSP server at home.  I will use it look
6974 for issues we could fix to polish Debian Edu even further before the
6975 final Squeeze release is published.</p>
6976
6977 <p>Next weekend the project organise a
6978 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/01/msg00001.html">developer
6979 gathering</a> in Oslo.  We will continue the work on the Squeeze
6980 version, and start initial planning for the Wheezy version.  Perhaps I
6981 will see you there?</p>
6982
6983       </div>
6984       <div class="tags">
6985
6986
6987         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6988
6989
6990       </div>
6991     </div>
6992     <div class="padding"></div>
6993
6994     <div class="entry">
6995       <div class="title">
6996         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Handling_non_free_firmware_in_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Handling non-free firmware in Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
6997       </div>
6998       <div class="date">
6999         27th January 2012
7000       </div>
7001       <div class="body">
7002         <p>With some computer hardware, one need non-free firmware blobs.
7003 This is the sad fact of todays computers.  In the next version of
7004 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
7005 on Squeeze, we provide several scripts and modifications to make
7006 firmware blobs easier to handle.  The common use case I run into is a
7007 laptop with a wireless network card requiring non-free firmware to
7008 work, but there are other use cases as well.</p>
7009
7010 <p>First and foremost, Debian Edu provide ISO images for DVD and CD
7011 with all firmware packages in the Debian sections main and non-free
7012 included, to ensure debian-installer find and can install all of them
7013 during installation.  This take care firmware for network devices used
7014 by the installer when installing from from local media.  But for
7015 example multimedia devices are not activated in the installer and are
7016 not taken care of by this.</p>
7017
7018 <p>For non-network devices, we provide the script
7019 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/auto-addfirmware</tt> which
7020 search through the <tt>dmesg</tt> output for drivers requesting extra
7021 firmware.  The firmware file name is looked up in the Contents-ARCH.gz
7022 file available in the package repository, and the packages providing
7023 the requested firmware file(s) is installed.  I have proposed to do
7024 something similar in debian-installer (BTS report
7025 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/655507">#655507</a>), to allow PXE
7026 installs of Debian to handle firmware installation better.  Run the
7027 script as root from the command line to fetch and install the needed
7028 firmware packages.</p>
7029
7030 <p>Debian Edu provide PXE installation of Debian out of the box, and
7031 because some machines need firmware to get their network cards
7032 working, the installation initrd some times need extra firmware
7033 included to be able to install at all.  To fill the PXE installation
7034 initrd with extra firmware, the
7035 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/pxe-addfirmware</tt> script is
7036 provided.  Again, just run it as root on the command line to fill the
7037 PXE initrd with firmware packages.</p>
7038
7039 <p>Last, some LTSP clients might also need firmware to get their
7040 network cards working.  For this,
7041 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/ltsp-addfirmware</tt> is
7042 provided to update the LTSP initrd with firmware blobs.  It is used
7043 the same way as the other firmware related tools.</p>
7044
7045 <p>At the moment, we do not run any of these during installation.  We
7046 do not know if this is acceptable for the local administrator to use
7047 non-free software, and it is their choice.</p>
7048
7049 <p>We plan to release beta3 this weekend.  You might want to give it a
7050 try.</p>
7051
7052       </div>
7053       <div class="tags">
7054
7055
7056         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7057
7058
7059       </div>
7060     </div>
7061     <div class="padding"></div>
7062
7063     <div class="entry">
7064       <div class="title">
7065         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skjermbilder_fra_nordsamisk_installasjon_av_Skolelinux_Squeeze.html">Skjermbilder fra nordsamisk installasjon av Skolelinux/Squeeze</a>
7066       </div>
7067       <div class="date">
7068         26th January 2012
7069       </div>
7070       <div class="body">
7071         <p>For morro skyld har jeg gjennomført en nordsamisk installasjon for
7072 neste utgave av <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>
7073 (Squeeze) og knipset skjermbilder av resultatet.</p>
7074
7075 <p>Som en kan se der er det noen oversettelser som mangler.  Det hadde
7076 vært hyggelig hvis alle tekstene som vises i Skolelinux-installasjonen
7077 ble oversatt til nordsamisk, men for å få det til må noen som forstår
7078 språket melde seg til dyst.  Det er mangel på nordsamiske oversettere
7079 av fri programvare.  Hvis noen starter raskt, så bør en rekke å
7080 fullføre Wheezy-utgaven før den gis ut. :)</p>
7081
7082 <p>Se <a href="http://d-i.debian.org/l10n-stats/">oversetterstatistikk for
7083 debian installer</a> for detaljert status.  Jeg har tipset
7084 <a href="https://lister.ping.uio.no/mailman/listinfo/i18n-sme">epostlisten for samiskoversettelser</a>,
7085 men det har vært veldig liten aktivitet der de siste årene.</p>
7086
7087 <p><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/01-isomenu.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/01-isomenu.png" width="40%"></a>
7088 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/02-sme-lang.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/02-sme-lang.png" width="40%"></a>
7089 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/03-sme-place.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/03-sme-place.png" width="40%"></a>
7090 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/04-sme-keymap.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/04-sme-keymap.png" width="40%"></a>
7091 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/05-sme-profile.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/05-sme-profile.png" width="40%"></a>
7092 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/06-sme-autopart.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/06-sme-autopart.png" width="40%"></a>
7093 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/07-sme-popcon.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/07-sme-popcon.png" width="40%"></a>
7094 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/08-sme-rootpw1.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/08-sme-rootpw1.png" width="40%"></a>
7095 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/09-sme-rootpw2.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/09-sme-rootpw2.png" width="40%"></a>
7096 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/10-sme-firstuser.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/10-sme-firstuser.png" width="40%"></a>
7097 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/11-sme-firstusername.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/11-sme-firstusername.png" width="40%"></a>
7098 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/12-sme-firstuserpw1.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/12-sme-firstuserpw1.png" width="40%"></a>
7099 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/13-sme-firstuserpw2.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/13-sme-firstuserpw2.png" width="40%"></a>
7100 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/14-sme-part.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/14-sme-part.png" width="40%"></a>
7101 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/15-sme-debootstrap.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/15-sme-debootstrap.png" width="40%"></a>
7102 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/16-sme-tasksel.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/16-sme-tasksel.png" width="40%"></a>
7103 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/17-sme-wordlist.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/17-sme-wordlist.png" width="40%"></a>
7104 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/18-sme-tasksel.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/18-sme-tasksel.png" width="40%"></a>
7105 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/19-sme-ltsp.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/19-sme-ltsp.png" width="40%"></a>
7106 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/20-sme-grub.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/20-sme-grub.png" width="40%"></a>
7107 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/21-sme-finish-install.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/21-sme-finish-install.png" width="40%"></a>
7108 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/22-sme-finish-message.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/22-sme-finish-message.png" width="40%"></a></p>
7109
7110       </div>
7111       <div class="tags">
7112
7113
7114         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7115
7116
7117       </div>
7118     </div>
7119     <div class="padding"></div>
7120
7121     <div class="entry">
7122       <div class="title">
7123         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Setting_up_a_new_school_with_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Setting up a new school with Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
7124       </div>
7125       <div class="date">
7126         25th January 2012
7127       </div>
7128       <div class="body">
7129         <p>The next version of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu
7130 / Skolelinux</a> will include a new tool
7131 <tt>sitesummary2ldapdhcp</tt>, which can be used to quickly set up all
7132 the computers in a school without much manual labour.  Here is a short
7133 summary on how to use it to set up a new school.</p>
7134
7135 <p>First, install a combined Main Server and Thin Client Server as the
7136 central server in the network.  Next, PXE boot all the client machines
7137 as thin clients and wait 5 minutes after the last client booted to
7138 allow the clients to report their existence to the central server.  When
7139 this is done, log on to the central server and run
7140 <tt>sitesummary2ldapdhcp -a</tt> in the <tt>konsole</tt> to use the
7141 collected information to generate system objects in LDAP.  The output
7142 will look similar to this:</p>
7143
7144 <p><blockquote><pre>
7145 % sitesummary2ldapdhcp -a
7146 info: Updating machine tjener.intern [10.0.2.2] id ether-00:01:02:03:04:05.
7147 info: Create GOsa machine for auto-mac-00-01-02-03-04-06 [10.0.16.20] id ether-00:01:02:03:04:06.
7148
7149 Enter password if you want to activate these changes, and ^c to abort.
7150
7151 Connecting to LDAP as cn=admin,ou=ldap-access,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
7152 enter password: *******
7153 %
7154 </pre></blockquote></p>
7155
7156 <p>After providing the LDAP administrative password (the same as the
7157 root password set during installation), the LDAP database will be
7158 populated with system objects for each PXE booted machine with
7159 automatically generated names.  The final step to set up the school is
7160 then to log into <a href="https://oss.gonicus.de/labs/gosa/">GOsa</a>,
7161 the web based user, group and system administration system to change
7162 system names, add systems to the correct host groups and finally
7163 enable DHCP and DNS for the systems.  All clients that should be used
7164 as diskless workstations should be added to the workstation-hosts
7165 group.  After this is done, all computers can be booted again via PXE
7166 and get their assigned names and group based configuration
7167 automatically.</p>
7168
7169 <p>We plan to release beta3 with the updated version of this feature
7170 enabled this weekend.  You might want to give it a try.</p>
7171
7172 <p>Update 2012-01-28: When calling sitesummary2ldapdhcp to add new
7173 hosts, one need to add the option -a.  I forgot to mention this in my
7174 original text, and have added it to the text now.</p>
7175
7176       </div>
7177       <div class="tags">
7178
7179
7180         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
7181
7182
7183       </div>
7184     </div>
7185     <div class="padding"></div>
7186
7187     <div class="entry">
7188       <div class="title">
7189         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Paul_Reidar_L_snesl_kken.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken</a>
7190       </div>
7191       <div class="date">
7192         18th January 2012
7193       </div>
7194       <div class="body">
7195         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
7196 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, har jeg nå
7197 lyktes med å få tak i en skolemann som ikke er aktiv med utviklingen,
7198 men likevel har vært med nesten siden starten av prosjektet.  Jeg
7199 ønsker derfor velkommen til Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken, en mann med
7200 mange års erfaring i bruk av Skolelinux.</p>
7201
7202 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7203
7204 <p>Jeg driftet tidligere IKT løsningen for skolene i
7205 <a href="http://www.nord-odal.kommune.no/">Nord-Odal</a>.  I dag er jeg
7206 IKT-konsulent for hele kommunen og samarbeider med
7207 <a href="http://www.hedmarken-ikt.no/">Hedmark-IKT</a> for best mulig
7208 tjenester til kommunen. Jeg har bakgrunn som elektronikkreparatør og
7209 grunnskolelærer og har tatt en del fag innen IKT, i hovedsak
7210 driftsfag. IKT i Nord-Odal kommune blir i dag driftet av Hedmark IKT
7211 som er et samarbeid mellom Løten, Stange, Grue, Hamar, Kongsvinger og
7212 Nord-Odal. Jeg er fortsatt "IKT-personen" på skolene i kommunen og
7213 følger opp og gjør enkelte mindre endringer der.</p>
7214
7215 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7216
7217 <p>Kommunen satset på Skolelinux i 2004.  Jeg var ikke med i
7218 beslutningsprosessen den gang, men ble likevel med fra starten når
7219 dette ble levert.</p>
7220
7221 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7222
7223 <p>Fordelene med Skolelinux er rask oppstart, sentral drift av
7224 klientene, klienter som jobber raskt og effektivt, bedre
7225 funksjonalitet på eldre utstyr og en ganske god programpakke med fri
7226 programvare som følger med.  Løsningen med halvtykke klienter gjør at
7227 prosessering skjer lokalt med alltid ferske maskiner.</p>
7228
7229 <p>Skolelinux kan fungere godt på gammelt utstyr, men det er klart at
7230 utstyr også blir for gammelt selv for Skolelinux.  I forbindelese med
7231 at vi nylig fikk nye servere og ny installasjon kastet jeg ut ca 60
7232 klienter som fortsatt var i drift etter at de var kjøpt godt brukt i
7233 2004.  Noe var rundt 15 år gammelt, men var fortsatt i bruk. Noen
7234 klaget på at det nå gikk veldig tregt på en del pedagogiske nettsider
7235 med flash o.l. Det er fullt forståelig.</p>
7236
7237 <p>Jeg fikk nylig et spørsmål fra ungdomsskolens rektor om jeg kunne
7238 legge inn <a href="http://freemind.sourceforge.net/">FreeMind</a>, et
7239 tankekartprogram , på skolens elev-Windowsmaskiner. Lærerne hadde
7240 vært på kurs og ville ta dette i bruk. Skolen har ca halvparten av
7241 elevmaskinene på bærbare Windowsmaskiner. Da kunne jeg fortelle at
7242 dette programmet allerede lå inne på den nye Skolelinuxløsningen
7243 som nettopp var satt i drift, klart til bruk.</p>
7244
7245 <p>Vi har de bærbare maskinene på ungdomsskolen i domene med
7246 Skolelinux.  Dette fungerer også meget bra nå. Elevene får opp en
7247 midlertidig windowsprofil når de logger på.  Denne profilen slettes
7248 etter at de logger av, noe som medfører rene profiler hver gang de
7249 starter opp en maskin.  De må lagre i sin Skolelinprofil, noe som
7250 medfører at de får tak i sine filer uavhengig av om de starter en
7251 Windowsmaskin eller en Skolelinuxklient. Det er mye mindre trafikk i
7252 det trådløse nettet etter at ikke hele profiler blir lastet opp til de
7253 enkelte Windowsmaskinene og tilbake når man avslutter. Jeg vet ikke om
7254 dette er standardoppsett i Skolelinux, men slik er vårt oppsett
7255 nå.</p>
7256
7257 <p>Vi har i flere år satt opp vår løsning slik at skriverkøer slettes
7258 og skrivere startes hver natt.  Hyggelig å høre at dette nå skal bli
7259 en standard i Skolelinuxløsningen.  Dette har vært en god hjelp for
7260 oss.</p>
7261
7262 <p>Elevene er lite opptatt av om de jobber på en Skolelinux eller en
7263 Windowsmaskin bare de har de programmene de trenger og at det virker
7264 når det skal brukes. Vi kjører mest mulig de samme programmene på
7265 Windows som i Skolelinux, som f.eks Audacity og LibreOffice.</p>
7266
7267 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7268
7269 <p>Lærere bruker hos oss Windows. Dette fordi de da selv har mer
7270 kontroll over sin maskin, kan bruke den overalt, og kan legge inn
7271 programmer selv når de trenger noe i forhold til kurs o.l de er
7272 på. Jeg tror lærernes selvstendighet her gjør dem tryggere på IKT-bruk
7273 generelt. Det at de av og til får opp advarsler og lignende gjør også
7274 at de må tenke igjennom og spørre om ting rundt datasikkerhet.</p>
7275
7276 <p>Det er en del programmer vi bruker som ikke finnes for Linux.  Mest
7277 brukt er nok Photostory3 som brukes i mange sammenhenger, særlig på
7278 ungdomsskolen, bl.a. til å lage herbarier (plantesamling) .  Dette
7279 finnes gratis for Windows, men er ikke fri programvare.  Vi er opptatt
7280 av at programmer elevene bruker på skolen også kan brukes gratis
7281 hjemme. Det er også en del programmer som brukes til spesielle elever
7282 som bare går i Windows. Det er viktig med fokus på funksjoner og ikke
7283 på hvilket OS man bruker.</p>
7284
7285 <p>For oss er det kombinasjonen mellom Skolelinux og Windows som gir
7286 oss en god og hel løsning. Skolelinux er best der de er gode.</p>
7287
7288 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7289
7290 <p>Selv er det LibreOffice jeg bruker til daglig.  Jeg bruker selv en
7291 Windowsmaskin. Jeg har benyttet en del fri programvare i forbindelse
7292 med sjekking av trafikk i nettverk, slik som Wireshark, men dette er
7293 jo ikke aktuelt for skolene. Jeg er generelt glad i programmer som
7294 fungerer på både Linux og Windows og gjerne MAC.</p>
7295
7296 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7297 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7298
7299 <p>Det er viktig at det benyttes programmer som elevene også kan ta i
7300 bruk hjemme.  Det skal da være enkelt, lovlig og gratis for
7301 elevene. Da er jeg ikke lenger veldig opptatt av om det kalles "fri
7302 programvare".  For skolene tror jeg "gratis" og "funksjonelt" er bedre
7303 begreper enn "fri" i forhold til programmer.  De fleste skiller nok
7304 ikke mellom "fri" og "gratis". Det er nå svært mange elever som
7305 benytter OpenOffice eller LibreOffice som sin primære kontorpakke
7306 hjemme.</p>
7307
7308       </div>
7309       <div class="tags">
7310
7311
7312         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7313
7314
7315       </div>
7316     </div>
7317     <div class="padding"></div>
7318
7319     <div class="entry">
7320       <div class="title">
7321         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Changing_the_default_Iceweasel_start_page_in_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Changing the default Iceweasel start page in Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
7322       </div>
7323       <div class="date">
7324         10th January 2012
7325       </div>
7326       <div class="body">
7327         <p>In the Squeeze version of
7328 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> soon
7329 to be released, users of the system will get their default browser
7330 start page set from LDAP, allowing the system administrator to point
7331 all users to the school web page by updating one setting in LDAP.  In
7332 addition to setting the default start page when a machine boots, users
7333 are shown the same page as a welcome page when they log in for the
7334 first time.</p>
7335
7336 <p>The LDAP object dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no have an attribute
7337 labeledURI with "http://www/ LDAP for Debian Edu/Skolelinux" as the
7338 default content.  By changing this value to another URL, all users get
7339 to see the page behind this new URL.</p>
7340
7341 <p>An easy way to update it is by using the ldapvi tool.  It can be
7342 called as "<tt>ldapvi -ZD '(cn=admin)'</tt>' to update LDAP with the
7343 new setting.</p>
7344
7345 <p>We have written the code to adjust the default start page and show
7346 the welcome page, and I wonder if there is an easier way to do this
7347 from within Iceweasel instead.</p>
7348
7349       </div>
7350       <div class="tags">
7351
7352
7353         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
7354
7355
7356       </div>
7357     </div>
7358     <div class="padding"></div>
7359
7360     <div class="entry">
7361       <div class="title">
7362         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_beta_version_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Second beta version of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
7363       </div>
7364       <div class="date">
7365          7th January 2012
7366       </div>
7367       <div class="body">
7368         <p>I am happy to announce that today we managed to wrap up and publish
7369 the second beta version of
7370 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>.  If
7371 you want to test a LDAP backed Kerberos server with out of the box PXE
7372 configuration for running diskless machines and installing new
7373 machines, check it out.  If you need a software solution for your
7374 school, check it out too.  The full announcement is
7375 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/01/msg00000.html">available</a>
7376 on the project announcement list.</p>
7377
7378       </div>
7379       <div class="tags">
7380
7381
7382         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7383
7384
7385       </div>
7386     </div>
7387     <div class="padding"></div>
7388
7389     <div class="entry">
7390       <div class="title">
7391         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fixing_an_hanging_debian_installer_for_Debian_Edu.html">Fixing an hanging debian installer for Debian Edu</a>
7392       </div>
7393       <div class="date">
7394          3rd January 2012
7395       </div>
7396       <div class="body">
7397         <p>During christmas, I have been working getting the next version of
7398 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> ready
7399 for release.  The initial problem I looked at was particularly
7400 interesting.</p>
7401
7402 <P>The installer would hang at the end when it was doing it
7403 post-installation configuration, and whatevery I did to try to find
7404 the cause and fix it always worked while I tested it, but never when I
7405 integrated it into the installer and ran the installation from
7406 scratch.  I would try to restart processes, close file descriptors,
7407 remove or create files, and the installer would always unblock and
7408 wrap up its tasks.</p>
7409
7410 <p>Eventually the cause was found.  The kernel was simply running out
7411 of entropy, causing the Kerberos setup to hang waiting for more.
7412 Pressing keys was adding entropy to the kernel, and thus all my tries
7413 to fix the problem worked not because what I was typing to fix it, but
7414 because I was typing.</P>
7415
7416 <p>The fix I implemented was to add a background process looking at
7417 the level of entropy in the kernel (by checking
7418 /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail), and if it was too small, the
7419 installer will flush the kernel file buffers and do 'find /' to
7420 generate some disk IO.  Disk IO generate entropy in the kernel, and is
7421 one of the few things that can be initated from within the system to
7422 generate entropy.</p>
7423
7424 <p>The fix is in
7425 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/Installation">beta1
7426 of the Debian Edu/Squeeze</a> version, and we
7427 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu">welcome more testers and
7428 developers</a>.  We plan to release beta2 this weekend.</p>
7429
7430       </div>
7431       <div class="tags">
7432
7433
7434         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7435
7436
7437       </div>
7438     </div>
7439     <div class="padding"></div>
7440
7441     <div class="entry">
7442       <div class="title">
7443         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Peter_Hansteen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Peter Hansteen</a>
7444       </div>
7445       <div class="date">
7446         11th December 2011
7447       </div>
7448       <div class="body">
7449         <p>Etter en lang pause er det klart for neste mann ut i min serie med
7450 intervjuer av
7451 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-relaterte personer.
7452
7453 Denne gangen har jeg besøk av et avtroppende styremedlem i
7454 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, og en mann
7455 som har vært aktiv i Linux-miljøet i Bergen siden 90-tallet.</p>
7456
7457 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7458
7459 <p>Jeg heter Peter Hansteen, og jobber til daglig som seniorkonsulent
7460 i EDB ErgoGroup i Bergen.  I praksis betyr det systemadministrasjon på
7461 Unix (primært Solaris, men en viss komponent av Linux).  Men Solaris
7462 er for meg et relativt nytt bekjentskap, hovedplattformen min har
7463 generelt vært OpenBSD og til dels FreeBSD.</p>
7464
7465 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7466
7467 <p>Jeg husker ikke helt alle detaljene mer ;) - men jeg tror det var
7468 gjennom news-gruppen no.it.os.unix.linux.diverse, efn-listen og
7469 etterhvert også BLUG-miljøet her i Bergen.  Vi hadde et par
7470 Skolelinux-sentrerte BLUG-møter for noen år siden, og det har vært et
7471 par Skolelinux-utviklersamlinger her.</p>
7472
7473 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7474
7475 <p>Jeg bruker dessverre ikke Skolelinux daglig. Men slik jeg kjenner
7476 prosjektet har det vært i stand til å ta opp i seg det beste av fri
7477 programvare i mange kategorier, så fra et sysadmin-perspektiv ser det
7478 ut som en svært behagelig sak.  For brukerne er det vel både en fordel
7479 og en ulempe at det ikke er Windows. Men vi håper at fordelene med et
7480 fritt system etterhvert vil bli åpenbare for både elever, lærekrefter
7481 og foreldre.</p>
7482
7483 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7484
7485 <p>Vel, ulempen er vel først og fremst at andre aktører med mer
7486 kapitalmuskel har klart å etablere seg som det både lærere og foreldre
7487 føler seg trygge på, selv om det etter mitt hode ikke er noen grunn
7488 til å være spesielt trygg på de kommersielle alternativene.</p>
7489
7490 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7491
7492 <p>Når jeg får bestemme helt selv, bruker jeg kun fri programvare. Da
7493 helst med vekt på ting som kjører greit på OpenBSD.  Hjemme er det
7494 OpenBSD, Ubuntu eller FreeBSD vi bruker.  På skrivebordet er det en
7495 avveining mellom Gnome, KDE eller hva-det-nå-heter som er
7496 standardvalget i Ubuntu, ellers er det de kjente tingene som
7497 LibreOffice, Emacs, mplayer.  På server er det selvfølgelig Apache,
7498 for overvåking både OpenNMS og Nagios (det bare ble sånn, og
7499 forskjellige siter).  Jeg skriver til tider om slikt jeg holder på med
7500 på
7501 <a href="http://bsdly.blogspot.com">http://bsdly.blogspot.com</a>.</p>
7502
7503 <p>Men vi må nevne at selv vi har en Microsoft-ting som vi slår på når
7504 vi av en eller annen grunn må. Det betyr igjen vanligvis når en
7505 mobiltelefon eller en annen lukket elektronisk dings krever kontakt
7506 via en slik for å få oppdateringene sine.</p>
7507
7508 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7509 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7510
7511 <p>Hadde vi hatt det rette svaret på det spørsmålet, så hadde vi
7512 gjerne hatt Skolelinux som førstevalg på alle skoler ;)</p>
7513
7514 <p>Men jeg tror vi må legge vekt på flere forskjellige ting.  En helt
7515 sentral sak er å fokusere på fri programvare og åpne standarder som de
7516 demokratiske verdiene de faktisk er.  Det har kanskje kommet litt for
7517 mye i bakgrunnen i forhold til strevet etter å lage det mest mulig
7518 'brukervennlige' systemet.  Det er en tung vei å gå, så det er
7519 forståelig at freenix-aktivister heller velger å skrive kode og annet
7520 som er mer lystbetont. Mer praktisk tror jeg vi må gjøre i alle fall
7521 to ting: For det første sørge for å fortsette med å levere det best
7522 mulige frie produktet, slik at det er lett å både komme i gang og
7523 holde systemene i daglig drift, og for det andre 2) spore opp mulige
7524 aktivister der de finnes, via lokale brukergrupper, sosiale medier
7525 eller annet og sørge for at de fortsetter å være aktive.  Mer og
7526 mindre uformelle treff kan være nyttig i tillegg til de mer
7527 organiserte møtene med foredrag, konferanser og utviklersamlinger.</p>
7528
7529       </div>
7530       <div class="tags">
7531
7532
7533         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7534
7535
7536       </div>
7537     </div>
7538     <div class="padding"></div>
7539
7540     <div class="entry">
7541       <div class="title">
7542         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Frode_Jemtland.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Frode Jemtland</a>
7543       </div>
7544       <div class="date">
7545         27th July 2011
7546       </div>
7547       <div class="body">
7548         <p>Neste mann ut i min serie med intervjuer av Skolelinux-relaterte
7549 personer er en tidligere styreleder i
7550 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a> som var med
7551 fra starten av
7552 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-prosjektet.</p>
7553
7554 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7555
7556 <p>Mitt navn er Frode Jemtland, og jeg jobber i Hedmark IKT, som er et
7557 driftsselskap for Grue, Hamar, Kongsvinger, Løten, Nord-Odal og Stange
7558 kommuner. Her er jeg leder for avdelingen Løsninger og Arkitektur. Vi
7559 har i hovedansvar for servere, infrastruktur og løsninger som
7560 helhet.</p>
7561
7562 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7563
7564 <p>Jobbet i IBM fra 2000, og da spesielt med Linux. Dette var da et av
7565 de mest tydelige linux prosjektene i Norge, og her ønsket jeg å
7566 bidra. Var aktivt med i prosjektet i 4-5 år.</p>
7567
7568 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7569
7570 <p>Fordelene slik jeg ser det er den sentraliserte driftmodellen, og
7571 alle de vel gjennomtenkte løsningene som er inkludert i denne
7572 løsningen. Samtidig er det basert på en stabil, og godt kjent
7573 plattform. Dette vil si at man har en løsning som skal være mye
7574 tilgjengelig, og hvor det er relativt enkelt å få tak i personer som
7575 kan mye om den grunnleggende plattformen.</p>
7576
7577 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7578
7579 <p>De største utfordringene med en løsningen er at den er intensiv på f.eks
7580 nettverk. I seg selv ikke et problem for en enkelt skole, men skal løsningen
7581 kjøres i større skala, med sentraliserte servere, så gir dette noen
7582 utfordringer.</p>
7583
7584 <p>Utifra hva jeg har sett på større installasjoner så er det ikke så
7585 enkelt å skjønne, hva som bør gjøres for at den skal skaleres opp, og
7586 da ta godt vare på alle sider av dette, ikke bare mer server å fordele
7587 last/trykk, men hvordan også beholde robustheten og fleksibiliteten i
7588 løsningen.</p>
7589
7590 <p>En annen utfordring er at stadig flere produkter som skal brukes i
7591 skoleløsningen ikke er laget til å kunne brukes i en
7592 skolelinuxløsning. Det blir derfor fort mye skreddersøm i de
7593 forskjellige installasjonene, for å få diverse pedagogiske programmer,
7594 webløsninger, smartboards, m.m. til å fungere.  Man er også en for
7595 liten kundebase til at leverandørene ønsker å gjøre noe med
7596 utfordringen. Problemet overlates til oss.</p>
7597
7598 <p>Det er også en kontinuerlig utfordring rundt problemet med å holde
7599 programvare på stabile versjoner, kontra å få ny funksjonalitet. Dette
7600 er jo en konflikt mellom oss som ønsker å drifte en stabil, og
7601 kostnadseffektiv løsning, mot sluttbrukerne som ønsker seg funksjoner
7602 det er vant med fra andre løsninger, eller som de må ha for at et
7603 eller annet nytt produkt skal fungere i løsningen. Dette er en
7604 utfordring også for andre plattformer.</p>
7605
7606 <p>En siste utfordring som ikke har noe med løsningen å gjøre, men med
7607 det omkringliggende miljøet denne skal kjøre i, er at de enhetene som
7608 skal drifte dataløsninger for kommuner og fylkeskommuner begynner å
7609 profesjonaliseres, og er da avhengig av å ha standard løsninger for å
7610 drifte store brukermasser. MS er selvsagt klar over dette, og har jo
7611 nå flere områder de begynner å bli veldig dominerende på. Den største,
7612 og mest problematiske er katalogtjenesten.  Man får snart ikke tak i
7613 større løsninger som ikke krever en AD. Når man da har store enheter
7614 som drifter både kommunalt ansatte og skoler, så vil det være et
7615 stordriftargument å standardisere på en katalog tjeneste, og da har
7616 man ikke noe valg. Her er alle slike driftsenheter for små til å få
7617 gjort om på dette. Her burde konkurransemyndighetene kommet på
7618 banen. Men konkurransetilsynet i USA griper sjeldent (og ikke før det
7619 har gått veldig lang tid) inn i monopolsituasjoner så lenge
7620 monopolisten er et amerikansk firma, så da har vel ikke andre
7621 myndigheter så mye de skulle ha sagt....</p>
7622
7623 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7624
7625 <p>Privat kjører jeg Debian på alle mine datamaskiner. Det gjør jeg
7626 også på min jobbmaskin. Vi har også 15-20 linux servere av typene
7627 SuSE, Debian, Redhat, CentOS m.m. Jeg bruker derfor mye fri
7628 programvare. Av enkelt programmer kan sikkert masse nevnes. Hvis vi
7629 skal begrense oss til daglig, så må jeg si: OpenOffice, Firefox,
7630 Kontact, Kopete, Amarok,
7631 <a href="http://gramps-project.org/">Gramps</a>, Kate, ssh, bash,
7632 rsync, backuppc m.m.</p>
7633
7634 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7635 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7636
7637 <p>Det er et godt spørsmål, som jeg har lurt på selv.</p>
7638
7639 <p>Argumentene som ofte har vært brukt om at ting koster mindre holder
7640 ikke mål når man ser på hva som faktisk koster penger. Det er de
7641 ansatte som er en kostnadsdriver. Det vil si at hvis man har et system
7642 som den ansatte kan, så vil en kostnad på dette systemet kunne
7643 forsvares ganske mye ved at den ansatte gjør dette raskere og
7644 effektivt. Også uten å måtte eventuelt leie inn folk.</p>
7645
7646 <p>Jeg syns det er viktigere å fokusere på prinsippet med å velge fri
7647 programvare, men det er også et felt hvor man fort møter lite
7648 forståelse blant de ansatte i skolen.</p>
7649
7650 <p>Her må nok strategien fortsette å være at de sentrale myndighetene
7651 må sende tydelige signaler for hva de ønsker at offentlige enheter
7652 skal gjøre. Det var mye positivt på gang ang. dette for et par år
7653 siden. Både med eNorge og eKommune planene, men dette syns jeg har
7654 stoppet opp. En del av dette kan jo kanskje være usikkerheten som
7655 etter hvert har blitt, når man har sett kompleksiteten i de
7656 prosjektene som har blitt igangsatt. Det har også blitt noe usikkerhet
7657 i markedet ref. Sun, Oracle, Novell, Microsoft m.m.  Samtidig har jo
7658 også de proprietære programleverandørene sørget for å endre sine
7659 lisenser slik at man uansett ikke slipper unna kostnaden til deres
7660 produkter, selv om man skulle velge alternativer. Da er det økonomiske
7661 argumentet, som jeg nevnte tidligere, spilt ganske godt ut over
7662 sidelinjen.</p>
7663
7664       </div>
7665       <div class="tags">
7666
7667
7668         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7669
7670
7671       </div>
7672     </div>
7673     <div class="padding"></div>
7674
7675     <div class="entry">
7676       <div class="title">
7677         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Marius_Kotsbak.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Marius Kotsbak</a>
7678       </div>
7679       <div class="date">
7680         10th April 2011
7681       </div>
7682       <div class="body">
7683         <p>Neste mann ut er Marius Kotsbak, styremedlem i
7684 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a> og mangeårig
7685 bidragsyter i
7686 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-prosjektet.</p>
7687
7688 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7689
7690 <p>Jeg er en systemutvikler/kybernetiker og jobber med dette til
7691 daglig. På fritiden tester jeg ut/bruker mye fri programvare, og
7692 bidrar med testing og utvikling når jeg ser stort nok behov for det og
7693 jeg har noe å bidra med.</p>
7694
7695 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7696
7697 <p>Hmm, det er lenge siden, så det er nesten så jeg ikke husker. Jeg
7698 hadde vel hørt om prosjektet i media før en gjeng i Trondheim startet
7699 opp SPIST, Skolelinux-prosjektet i Sør-Trøndelag, hvor vi hjalp noen
7700 skoler i nærområdet med å installere Skolelinux og finne brukt
7701 IT-utstyr til disse. Det var moro å gjøre noe praktisk for å spre
7702 Skolelinux, og å se hvor fort gjort det var å sette opp utrangerte
7703 klientmaskiner og få disse opp som tynnklienter på helt nye datasaler
7704 på skolene, kun med kostnaden til servere.</p>
7705
7706 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7707
7708 <p>Det er et system spesielt skreddersydd for drift av et stort antall
7709 klienter mot servere, og da spesielt i henhold til skolers behov.  Det
7710 er enkelt og billig å installere og drifte, og det trenger ikke ny
7711 maskinvare for god ytelse.</p>
7712
7713 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7714
7715 <p>Hardwarestøtten kunne vært bedre og i enda større grad
7716 installerbart rett ut av boksen.  Distribusjonen har til tider hatt
7717 litt gammel programvare pga. at den følger Debian sine utgivelser.
7718 Kanskje man skulle vurdert en versjon basert på Ubuntu eller andre
7719 distribusjoner i tillegg?</p>
7720
7721 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7722
7723 <p>Oi, det er ikke lite. Her er det jeg kommer på i farta.  Jeg bruker
7724 Linux og Ubuntu, og på Ubuntu programene Firefox, Thunderbird,
7725 Chromium, Pidgin, Digikam, OpenOffice, Wireshark, git og irssi.
7726 Telefonen min er en Android, og der bruker jeg programmene K-9 Mail,
7727 OI Shopping list, Shuffle, ZXing, OI Notepad og ADW Desktop.  På jobb
7728 bruker jeg JBoss, Eclipse, uCLinux for Blackfin, RCF-CPP, Qt, Maven,
7729 og boost-bibliotekene for C++.</p>
7730
7731 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7732 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7733
7734 <p>En bør fokusere på totalkostnader inkludert driftsbehov,
7735 fleksibilitet, åpenhet og ikke låsing til en leverandør framfor sparte
7736 lisenskostnader, samt programvarens kvalitet og fortrinn, og at den
7737 fritt kan brukes på et ubegrenset antall PC-er, også hjemme hos
7738 elevene.  En bør også forbedre den fri programvaren ved testing,
7739 bugrapportering og kodebidrag om man kan, og ikke anbefale programvare
7740 uten at man har forsikret seg at den har tilstrekkelig kvalitet,
7741 ellers kan man lett oppnå det motsatte.  Tror en bør selge inn
7742 konseptet til fylkes-/statsnivå, kanskje med bidrag til
7743 utviklingsarbeid fra disse som alle landets skoler kan få glede
7744 av.</p>
7745
7746       </div>
7747       <div class="tags">
7748
7749
7750         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7751
7752
7753       </div>
7754     </div>
7755     <div class="padding"></div>
7756
7757     <div class="entry">
7758       <div class="title">
7759         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Odin_Hetland_N_sen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Odin Hetland Nøsen</a>
7760       </div>
7761       <div class="date">
7762         28th March 2011
7763       </div>
7764       <div class="body">
7765         <p>Mine bloggposter om Linux i skolene i Norge førte til at inspektør
7766 og ildsjel på Harestad skole tok kontakt og fortalte at de bruker
7767 Linux på sin skole, og lurte på om de kunne bidra til å gjøre
7768 fordelene kjent.  Riktig nok bruker de ikke
7769 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> på denne skolen,
7770 men jeg synes dette er en god anledning til å gjøre flere fasetter
7771 rundt Linux-økosystemet kjent, og tok et lite intervju.</p>
7772
7773 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7774
7775 <p>Mitt navn er Odin Hetland Nøsen og er en 70-modell. Jeg er bosatt i
7776 Stavanger og jobber nå på 9. året som undervisninginspektør på
7777 Harestad skole i Randaberg kommune (nabokommune til Stavanger).</p>
7778
7779 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7780
7781 <p>I 2002 begynte daværende IKT-ansvarlige og jeg et arbeid på skolen
7782 med å gå over fra Win98 til... noe annet. Vi testet en rekke
7783 forskjellige løsninger, deriblant Skolelinux, men endte opp med
7784 RedHat. Skolelinux var den gang ikke modent for det vi ville ha.  Jeg
7785 har siden fulgt jevnlig med på hva skolelinux holder på med, men har
7786 hele tiden vært bedre fornøyd med vår egen "standardiserte" løsning på
7787 RedHat/CentOS og Fedora. Vi snuser for tiden på Ubuntu som løsning på
7788 klientsiden.</p>
7789
7790 <p>I dag har vi på skolen vår en større linux-løsning med 400 klienter
7791 som kjører en blanding av LTSP (tynnklient) og DRBL (tykk klient uten
7792 harddisk) med en masse tjenere på serverrommet. Vi drifter hele
7793 sulamitten selv med webtjener, eposttjener, webmail, filtjenere,
7794 virtuelle tjenere osv.  Og IT-ansvarlig har en 80% stilling som
7795 IT-ansvarlig - og så er han KoH-lærer i de resterende 20% :-)</p>
7796
7797 <p>Du kan få en ide om hva vi holder på med om du går inn på
7798 <a href="http://www.gnuskole.no/">http://www.gnuskole.no/</a>.</p>
7799
7800 <p>For å ta brodden av frykten for at ildsjeler gjør skolen sårbar om
7801 ildsjelene falle fra, har jeg forsikret kommunen og skolesjefen i
7802 Randaberg om at det finnes godt kommersielle tjenester vi kan benytte
7803 oss av - om det skulle bli nødvendig. Vi er tre stykker i kommunen som
7804 nå har <strong>god</strong> linux-kompetanse ift. å drifte et større
7805 system.  IT-avdelingen i kommunen vil ikke ta på oss med ildtang -
7806 selv om vi nok har større IT-kompetanse mot linux enn det de selv har
7807 mot windows (de kjøper en <strong>masse</strong> konsulenttjenester
7808 fra ErgoGroup).</p>
7809
7810 <p>I kvantitet er Harestad og Grødem skole tilsammen et større
7811 IT-system enn resten av Randaberg kommune + Kvitsøy og Rennesøy, som
7812 kommunen også har driftsansvar for.  Vi har som sagt rundt 800
7813 maskiner, mens kommunen med sitt driftsansvar har ansvar for rundt 500
7814 maskiner. Det er selvfølgelig litt forskjell i hvor kritiske
7815 tjenestene våre er, men det gir allikevel et litt rart bilde når
7816 IT-avdelingen overhode ikke er interessert i å snakke med oss om
7817 hvordan vi gjør ting :-)</p>
7818
7819 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7820
7821 <p>Fra linux-perspektivet (ikke bare Skolelinux) er det en fordel av
7822 systemet er basert på fri programvare - og dermed fritt i ordets mange
7823 betydninger. Det er alt vi trenger: stabilt, relativt enkelt å drifte
7824 (tross alt - et større windowssystem er ikke enkelt å holde live det
7825 heller), rimelig i innkjøp og drift, og sist, men ikke minst, det er
7826 moderne for sluttbruker! Linux, i sine mange varianter,
7827 <strong>ser</strong> nytt ut, fordi det hele tiden blir
7828 oppdatert. Derfor lever systemet opp til hvordan elever forventer at
7829 et moderne GUI skal være (i motsetning til WinXP :-).</p>
7830
7831 <p>Vi var veldig pragmatiske da vi begynte med linux i skolen. Det var
7832 billig, det fungerte og kunne bruke alle de gamle windows-maskinene
7833 som "nye" tynne klienter.  I dag er vi mer bevisste fri
7834 programvare-tilhengere.  Vi har oppdaget hva det er - og vi liker
7835 det!</p>
7836
7837 <p>En av de <strong>store</strong> fordelene med fri programvare er at
7838 vi kan installere tjenester vi ønsker å tilby brukerne våre - uten å
7839 måtte tenke på om vi har råd til lisensene (fordi det er ingen). Alt
7840 vi setter i produksjon er ut i fra brukernes behov og vår kapasitet
7841 til å drifte dem. Vi skreddersyr tjenestene etter behovet og dermed
7842 trenger vi ikke ende opp med å kjøpe en pakke der vi egentlig bare var
7843 interessert i en liten del av den.</p>
7844
7845 <p>Bruk av linux frigjør ikke økonomiske midler, fordi midlene til IKT
7846 i skole er for få i utgangspunktet - men vi får så
7847 <strong>mye</strong> mer igjen for dem når vi bruker en linux-løsning
7848 fremfor en windows-løsning. I praksis ser vi at vi måtte ut med det
7849 dobbelte på budsjettet vårt om vi skulle hatt en tilsvarende
7850 windows-løsning, som det vi i dag drifter med linux.</p>
7851
7852 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7853
7854 <p>Ikke all pedagogisk programvare er tilgjengelig. Det er en del
7855 programvare i skolen som er laget med utviklerverktøy som bare virker
7856 i windows, f.eks. Drillpro, LingDys/LingWrite. Det er også
7857 "programmer" som bare virker om du har tilgang til Microsoft Office,
7858 f.eks. AskiRaski.</p>
7859
7860 <p>Vi sliter også litt med at video-codecer ikke alltid er like lett å
7861 få opp å gå på klientene. Det er alltid en eller annen videosnutt fra
7862 nrk.no som ikke er så samarbeidsvillig, uansett mediaplayer.</p>
7863
7864 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7865
7866 <p>Alt :-) På skolen bruker vi det som finnes og som er nyttig. Det vi
7867 bruker mest er Firefox (jobber med Chrome, fordi det er
7868 <strong>mye</strong> raskere med Flash enn Firefox), OpenOffice (skal
7869 over til LibreOffice), GIMP osv. Standardpakken av
7870 sluttbrukerprogrammer.</p>
7871
7872 <p>På tjenernivå bruker vi OpenWebMail (skal over til Zimbra), Exim
7873 osv.</p>
7874
7875 <p>Personlig bruker jeg de fleste programmer over flere plattformer,
7876 men jeg har lagt meg til en vane å prioritere bruken av fri
7877 programvare også i Windows 7 og OSX.</p>
7878
7879 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7880 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7881
7882 <p>Jeg er langt i fra sikker. For det første handler det mye om at
7883 IKT-avdelingen i kommunen ofte er de som styrer hva som er IKT på
7884 skolene - og de liker å bruke avtalene med Microsoft, som de garantert
7885 har fra før.  Dessuten - Select 6-avtalen til skolene gjør Microsoft
7886 skvettbillig.</p>
7887
7888 <p>Vi la vekt på effektiv drift av systemet - og at vi kunne øke
7889 antall maskiner uten å måtte øke budsjett for utstyr eller personell
7890 særlig mye, enn om vi hadde gått for en Microsoft-løsning. I praksis
7891 ser vi at en ren linux-installasjon driftes til halve prisen av en
7892 Microsoft-løsning.</p>
7893
7894 <p>Vi har i praksis også sett at det lærerne (og elevene) liker er at
7895 vi tilbyr <strong>veldig</strong> mange tjenester som ikke er så
7896 vanlige i en Microsoft-løsning. Det er ikke så vanlig at
7897 <strong>elevene</strong> også har epost, hjemmekontor osv. Det har vi
7898 også brukt som et vellykket argument mot Microsoft.</p>
7899
7900 <p>Den beste måten er selvfølgelig at noen bare bestemmer
7901 det. Problemet er å få dem som har makt til å bestemme det til faktisk
7902 å gjøre det ;-)</p>
7903
7904       </div>
7905       <div class="tags">
7906
7907
7908         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7909
7910
7911       </div>
7912     </div>
7913     <div class="padding"></div>
7914
7915     <div class="entry">
7916       <div class="title">
7917         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Astri_Sletteng.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Astri Sletteng</a>
7918       </div>
7919       <div class="date">
7920         27th February 2011
7921       </div>
7922       <div class="body">
7923         <p>En dame som har bidratt lenge til fri programvare i skoleverket og
7924 i foreningen som organiserer skolelinux-utviklersamlinger,
7925 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, er neste
7926 intervjuoffer.  Det er en glede å her presentere en lærer fra Håkvik.</p>
7927
7928 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7929
7930 <p>Jeg heter Astri Sletteng. Jeg er lærer og IKT veileder ved Håkvik
7931 skole i Narvik kommune.  Min bakgrunn når det gjelder IKT: Av formell
7932 utdannelse har jeg lærerutdanning, Master i skoleledelse og IKT for
7933 lærere. Har jobba som IKT veileder siden 2002.</p>
7934
7935 <p>Det viktigste for meg som IKT veileder er å få fundamentert den
7936 5. basisferdigheten, digital kompetanse ved skolen min på en god måte
7937 slik at hele skolesamfunnet tar i bruk IKT i alle fag. Dette arbeidet
7938 gjøres i nært samarbeid med skolens ledelse.</p>
7939
7940 <p>Min viktigste jobb som IKT veileder er å være motivator og pådriver
7941 i IKT arbeidet ved skolen.</p>
7942
7943 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7944
7945 <p>Jobber i en kommune hvor vi satser på Fri programvare. I 2004 ble
7946 det gjort et politisk vedtak om at vi skulle innføre Skolelinux ved
7947 alle skolene i kommunen. Jeg har dermed en god del erfaring med
7948 Skolelinux, samt annen fri programvare som Open Office, Joomla, Moodle
7949 etc.</p>
7950
7951 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7952
7953 <p>Siden vi jobber med åpen kildekode kan vi få programmene og
7954 produktene tilpasset vår bruk. Det er jo heller ikke en ulempe at
7955 skolen kommer bedre ut økonomisk, men først og fremst er det viktig
7956 for oss at vi har digitale systemer som gjør at vi kan følge
7957 læreplanen i alle fag. Det syns jeg at vi kan gjøre gjennom
7958 Skolelinux.</p>
7959
7960 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7961
7962 <p>Skolen er avhengige av å ha folk på IT avdelinga i kommunen som kan
7963 drive support, og være tilgjengelige når vi trenger hjelp. Det er en
7964 ulempe at ikke alle på denne avdelingen nødvendigvis er god på
7965 Linux.</p>
7966
7967 <p>Vi har også noen utfordringer når det kommer til spesielle
7968 programmer som enkelte elever er avhengige av ? og som ikke er
7969 plattform uavhengige. Her har vi i Friprog-verden, men også
7970 departement en jobb å gjøre.</p>
7971
7972 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7973
7974 <p>Skolen vår bruker Skolelinux, Open Office, Iceweazel (Mozilla),
7975 VLC, Tux paint, Scribus, FreeMind, GIMP, digiKam, Ksnapshot, GeoGebra,
7976 Moodle (innført på alle klassetrinn + som et administrativt verktøy)
7977 og Joomla som hjemmeside.<p>
7978
7979 <p>Det er de jeg kommer på i farten. I tillegg har vi Smartboard
7980 installert på server, men det regnes vel ikke som fri programvare?</p>
7981
7982 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7983 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7984
7985 <p>Først og fremst trenger skolen oppetider på sine datasystemer. Syns
7986 også at det at vi kan få tilpasset plattform og systemer til vår bruk
7987 er en god strategi å bruke.</p>
7988
7989       </div>
7990       <div class="tags">
7991
7992
7993         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7994
7995
7996       </div>
7997     </div>
7998     <div class="padding"></div>
7999
8000     <div class="entry">
8001       <div class="title">
8002         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Rub_n_Romero_y_Cordero.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Rubén Romero y Cordero</a>
8003       </div>
8004       <div class="date">
8005         16th February 2011
8006       </div>
8007       <div class="body">
8008         <p>Styret i foreningen som organiserer skolelinux-utviklersamlinger,
8009 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, er fullt av
8010 flinke folk.  Denne gangen har jeg fått et ferskt styremedlem som
8011 kommer fra Ubuntu-miljøet i tale.</p>
8012
8013 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8014
8015 <p>Rubén Romero y Cordero, 81-modell, deltidspappa (50%) for en jente
8016 på 6 år. Jobber i Oslo som Global Sales Executive hos Varnish Software
8017 og til daglig har jeg kontakt med kunder fra hele verden. Min
8018 forkjærlighet for fri programvare har gjort at jeg har nå flere års
8019 erfaring med salg av slike løsninger (bl.a. fra Redpill Linpro og
8020 Freecode) og mye innsikt og kunnskap om det globale IT-markedet.
8021 Ellers er jeg involvert i flere prosjekter bl.a. er jeg Ubuntu
8022 Community medlem, kontaktpersonen for Ubuntu Norge og driveren av
8023 SpreadUbuntu marketing prosjektet og nå fersk styremedlem i FRISK. Jeg
8024 har brukt GNU/Linux siden 1997.</p>
8025
8026 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8027
8028 <p>Som Debian bruker siden slutten av 90-tallet var det uunngåelig å
8029 ikke komme bort i Skolelinux. Dette var vel i slutten av 2001 når jeg
8030 var student ved UiO. Flere år senere fikk jeg lastet og testet Venus
8031 (Skolelinux 1.0) på release dagen.</p>
8032
8033 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8034
8035 <p>Fri programvare bygges sten for sten i det åpne, slik at koden og
8036 prosessen den lages på kan gjennomskues av andre enn de som har laget
8037 det. Det er et vitenskapelig og gjennomsiktig måte å lage programvare
8038 på.</p>
8039
8040 <p>Skoler i vårt samfunn skal være steder hvor vitenskapelig kunnskap
8041 deles til alle.  I dag har vi ikke et vitenskapelig tilnærming til
8042 hvordan programvaren som brukes på skolen lages. Skolelinux bringer
8043 inn at slik tilnærming i skoleverkets klasserom, siden
8044 operativsystemet er en åpent platform som gir skolene muligheten til å
8045 dra nytte av programvare som er laget av tusenvis av mennesker verden
8046 rundt og som gir elevene så vel som lærerne muligheten til å bruke,
8047 dele, forandre og forbedre OSet sitt uten begrensninger. I den
8048 forbindelsen representerer Skolelinux også konkrete resultater utfra
8049 samhandling på tvers av grenser.</p>
8050
8051 <p>Når det gjelder de tekniske fordelene av Skolelinux er jeg sikker
8052 på at andre enn meg har allerede beskrevet disse bedre enn det jeg
8053 kan.  Men jeg kan likevel tilføye noe: Skolelinux som sådan er en
8054 community-drevet operativsystemplatform. Som i ethvert
8055 community-prosjekt har alle Skolelinux brukere muligheten til å
8056 påvirke retning av prosjektet og resultatet som gjenspeiles i
8057 programvaren. Dette kommer sjeldent frem og jeg mener at det er noe
8058 som burde fokuseres mer på.</p>
8059
8060 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8061
8062 <p>De største ulempene er:</p>
8063
8064 <ul>
8065 <li>Mangel på kompetanse</li>
8066 <li>Mangel av administrative verktøy som kunne hjelpe lokale IT
8067   avdelinger å bruke Skolelinux til mer enn bare en tjener for
8068   terminalklienter. Et eksempel: Zentyal sin web-dashboard.</li>
8069 </ul>
8070
8071 <p>Bedre og mer intuitive administrative verktøy kunne løst deler av
8072 problemet, men det er unektelig at ved bruk av Skolelinux må
8073 IT-personalet vite hva de gjør for å få ting gjort riktig, eller i det
8074 hele tatt. Med andre platformer er kompetansen enklere tilgjengelig og
8075 løsningene kan fungere på en tilfredstillende, om ikke riktig
8076 måte.</p>
8077
8078 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8079
8080 <p>Har brukt GNU/Linux utelukkende sommitt skrivebord OS siden 2000. I
8081 dag bruker jeg Ubuntu og gjør det meste med friprogramvare verktøyene
8082 som er tilgjengelige der. Med over 20.000 programmer å velge mellom er
8083 dette mer enn nok for de fleste brukerne.</p>
8084
8085 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8086 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8087
8088 <p>Opplysning og pragmatikk.  Vi prøver å løse problemer med bruk av
8089 programvare. De fleste utfordringene skolene har på IKT-siden kan
8090 løses ved hjelp av friprogramvareverktøy i dag. Det som trenges er
8091 opplysning, kunnskap og kompetanse.</p>
8092
8093       </div>
8094       <div class="tags">
8095
8096
8097         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8098
8099
8100       </div>
8101     </div>
8102     <div class="padding"></div>
8103
8104     <div class="entry">
8105       <div class="title">
8106         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Morten_Amundsen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Morten Amundsen</a>
8107       </div>
8108       <div class="date">
8109         23rd January 2011
8110       </div>
8111       <div class="body">
8112         <p>Denne gangen er det Tromsøkontoret til Friprog-senteret, og nyvalgt
8113 styremedlem i <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen
8114 FRISK</a> jeg har fått i tale i min intervjuserie med
8115 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-folk.</p>
8116
8117 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8118
8119 <p>Jeg heter Morten Amundsen og jobber i
8120 <a href="http://www.friprog.no/">Friprog.no</a>, men er for tiden leid
8121 ut til <a href="http://www.bredbandsfylket.no/">Bredbåndsfylket
8122 Troms</a> der jeg jobber med ett prosjekt som heter
8123 "<a href="http://www.bredbandsfylket.no/skolefjoela.157417.no.html">Skolefjøla</a>"
8124 Vi ser på en åpen løsning som integrerer eksisterende lukkete
8125 løsninger sammen med fri programvare. Målet er å gi elever og lærere
8126 en plattform som de kan tilpasse utfra behov.</p>
8127
8128 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8129
8130 <p>Skolelinux har jeg møtt ved flere anledninger opp gjennom åra, både gjennom
8131 entusiastiske skolelinuxbrukere og skeptiske "forståsegpåere" :-)</p>
8132
8133 <p>Jeg husker en leverandør av et stort OS for noen år siden mente at
8134 Skolelinux var kun for hackere og nerder og at ingen seriøse skoler
8135 kunne ta dette i bruk.  Heldigvis er kunnskapen større nå og
8136 skikkelige "IT-folk" søker alltid å utvide sin kunnskap.
8137
8138 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8139
8140 <p>Ja det er mange fordeler. Uavhengighet, stabilitet, åpenhet, standarder
8141 osv. Tror det er viktig at man ikke begrenser mulighetene på den plattformen
8142 elevene skal jobbe.</p>
8143
8144 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8145
8146 <p>Det største hinderet er det vi opplever på andre områder rundt
8147 fri programvare, nemlig kunnskap. For mange er det trygt å velge det vi
8148 alltid har valgt. Fordi leverandørene rundt oss sitter på den kunnskapen og
8149 de vi støtter oss på har den samme.  Hvis vi klarer å riste løs litt og
8150 glemme gamle kriger mellom operativsystemer og  leverandører, men sette ned
8151 hva som er viktig og velge ut fra det, så hadde man kanskje kommet ut med
8152 litt andre resultat. Jeg tror IT-folk er konservative og velger tradisjonelt
8153 og det er synd.</p>
8154
8155 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8156
8157 <p>Jeg bruker Ubuntu, Android, Jolicloud, Open Office, Zimbra, Picasa
8158 og Firefox samt en bråte med tjenester som er webbasert. Det eneste
8159 som er betalingslisens for er OSX.  Ser at jeg jobber mer og mer i
8160 skyen og setter pris på alt jeg slipper egen klient til.  Derfor er
8161 jeg veldig sjarmert av små kjappe operativsystemer som krever minimalt
8162 av maskinvaren.</p>
8163
8164 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8165 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8166
8167 <p>Tror en blanding av krav og informasjon er veien å gå. Krav om
8168 sikkerhet, oppetid og åpne standarder.  Informasjon om muligheter og
8169 alternativer. Her har leverandører, IT-avdelinger og pedagoger en vei
8170 å gå sammen. Det er til slutt LÆRING det dreier seg om, og da må man
8171 få mest mulig læring for pengene man har.</p>
8172
8173       </div>
8174       <div class="tags">
8175
8176
8177         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8178
8179
8180       </div>
8181     </div>
8182     <div class="padding"></div>
8183
8184     <div class="entry">
8185       <div class="title">
8186         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Sturle_Sunde.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Sturle Sunde</a>
8187       </div>
8188       <div class="date">
8189         19th January 2011
8190       </div>
8191       <div class="body">
8192         <p>Denne gang har jeg fått tak i en mangeårig unix-mann som etter
8193 mange år ved Universitetet i Oslo, der jeg først traff ham, har
8194 flyttet tilbake til vestlandet, og der bidratt til å revitalisere
8195 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-oppsettet i
8196 Florø.</p>
8197
8198 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8199
8200 <p>Sturle Sunde, ansvarleg for skulenettet i Flora kommune.  Eg driv,
8201 vidareutviklar og er andrelinje brukarstøtte for datanettet ved
8202 skulane i Flora kommune.  10 skular og meir enn 700 maskiner med
8203 Linux, medrekna tynnklientar.  Tidlegare jobba eg i mange år med
8204 unix-drift ved Universitetets senter for informasjonsteknologi ved
8205 Universitetet i Oslo.</p>
8206
8207 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8208
8209 <p>Det er vanskeleg å svare konkret på.  Eg har drive med Unix og Linux i
8210 alle år, og Skulelinux er eit godt kjent prosjekt i miljøet.  Det var
8211 først i 2008, då eg tok til i min noverande jobb, at eg fekk bruk for
8212 Skulelinux for alvor.</p>
8213
8214 <p>Jobben min skulle vere drift av eit nytt skulenett i Flora kommune,
8215 levert av eit firma eg ikkje vil reklamere for.  Systemet skulle vere
8216 ferdig levert i september året før.  Dette viste seg å ta mykje lenger
8217 tid, og i haustferien 2008 hadde dei endå ikkje klart å få opp ei
8218 fungerande løysing.  Situasjonen var prekær for den største skulen i
8219 kommunen med meir enn 500 elevar på ungdomssteget.  Skulen hadde brukt
8220 Skulelinux før, og var tilfredse med det.  No hadde dei vore utan
8221 fungerande datasystem i nesten eit år.  Difor fekk eg opp ein ny tenar
8222 utanfor prosjektet og installerte Skulelinux på den.  Etter litt
8223 justering av konfigurasjonen med god hjelp av #skolelinux på IRC, var
8224 den nye tenaren oppe og gjekk med både tynne og halv-tjukke klientar.
8225 Autentisering gjekk mot det nye systemet, slik at elevar og lærarar
8226 framleis har same brukarnamn og passord over alt.  Dette berre
8227 fungerte, og vi bestemte oss for å erstatte delar av løysinga vi
8228 skulle få levert med Skulelinux.</p>
8229
8230 <p>Det høyrer med til historia at det nye systemet eg skulle drive frå
8231 januar 2008 endå ikkje er ferdig levert.  Dei jobbar med saka, seier
8232 dei, og har von om å fullføre leveransen i løpet av 2011.</p>
8233
8234 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8235
8236 <p>Det er veldig mange.  Eg skal ta nokre få.</p>
8237
8238 <p>Den viktigaste fordelen er at det igrunn berre er ei maskin å passe
8239 på, og det er tenaren.  Med andre løysingar har ein gjerne programvare
8240 og anna som skal vedlikehaldast på kvar enkelt maskin.  Med Skulelinux
8241 kan alle feil rettast og alle program oppgraderast på alle maskiner
8242 samstundes ved å gjere endringa som må til på tenaren.  Eg kan sitje
8243 på kontoret og passe på alle tenarane i kommunen derifrå.</p>
8244
8245 <ul>
8246
8247 <li>Tynne klientar gjer det mogleg å bruke eldre utstyr lenge, so lenge
8248 tenaren er sterk nok.  Ein liten tenar med eit par halv-moderne CPUar
8249 og 2 GiB RAM held lenge for eit typisk klasserom med 30 tynnklientar,
8250 og det er lett å utvide med fleire.
8251
8252 <li>Halvtjukke klientar gjer det mogleg å utnytte kapasiteten i litt
8253 nyare maskiner betre, og avlaste tenaren.  Ingenting vert installert
8254 lokalt på desse heller, og harddisken kan gjerne koblast frå.  Gode
8255 halvtjukke klientar kan kjøpast brukt for under 1000-lappen, og det er
8256 heile kostnaden.  Ingen lisensar eller anna på toppen, og det er ikkje
8257 krav til kraftigare tenar heller.
8258
8259 <li>Det er Linux.  Vi har ikkje noko kluss med drivarar, dei berre er
8260 der.  Heller ikkje med virus, dei finst i realiteten ikkje.  Eller med
8261 elevar som klussar med installert programvare, for dei klarar ikkje å
8262 øydeleggje for nokon andre enn seg sjølve.
8263
8264 </ul>
8265
8266 <p>Skulelinux er lagt opp til å vere veldig lett å installere rett ut
8267 av boksen på ein heil skule av ein interessert lærar.  Det er ofte ei
8268 god løysing for skulen.  Å ha nokon til stades som kjenner systemet og
8269 kan forklare enkle ting eller løyse problem der og då, er uvurderleg
8270 viktig for ein stressa lærar fem minutt før det ringer inn.</p>
8271
8272 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8273
8274 <p>All den ferdige konfigurasjonen gjer det tungvint å tilpasse
8275 Skulelinux til eit system som skal fungere saman med mange andre
8276 installasjonar i eit felles datanett for skulane i ein kommune.  Det
8277 heile er prekonfigurert for ein skule, og utviding til mange skular
8278 med eigne tenarar er ikkje berre enkelt.</p>
8279
8280 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8281
8282 <p>Eg brukar mest alle små hjelpeprogram som føl med operativsystemet,
8283 samt scriptspråket perl.  Elles er Firefox/Iceweasel, Gnome-terminal
8284 og ssh i kontinuerleg bruk.  Av Linux-distribusjonar brukar eg både
8285 Debian, Ubuntu, SuSE og RedHat dagleg.  Eg prøvar å finne det verktyet
8286 som passar best til kvar del av jobben.</p>
8287
8288 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8289 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8290
8291 <p>Det er to målgrupper ein må sikte mot.  Det eine er alle skulane som
8292 manglar eller har eit lite tilfredsstillande opplegg i dag, og ikkje
8293 har råd til å kjøpe noko nytt og blankpussa opplegg.  Der er det om å
8294 gjere å gjere det enkelt for skulane å finne Skulelinux, og gjere det
8295 enkelt for dei å få hjelp til installasjon på skulen.  Gjerne med
8296 lokale kontaktpersonar.  Her er det dugnadsinnsats som må til, for
8297 desse skulane har ikkje råd til å betale for dette.</p>
8298
8299 <p>Den andre og kanskje viktigare målgruppa er dei meir eller mindre
8300 profesjonelle kundane.  Alle store offentlege innkjøp, inkludert
8301 innkjøp av nytt datasystem for skular, må ut på offentleg anbod.
8302 Offentlege anbod er mykje meir lukka enn dei gjev inntrykk av, og både
8303 regelboka og boka med triks for å sminke tilbodet er tjukk.  Det er
8304 vanskeleg å komme inn utan eit solid salsapparat i ryggen.  Kanskje
8305 Skulelinux skulle prøve aktivt å få seg eit partnarskap med eit av dei
8306 store som gjerne vil sterkare inn på den offentlege IT-marknaden?
8307 Nokon som kjenner triksa og har krefter til å ta opp kampen mot både
8308 dårlege anbod og Rudolf Blostrupmoen IT AS.  Leveranse til skulane i
8309 ein kommune er ein god måte å få ein fot inn døra som leverandør til
8310 ein lukrativ kommunemarknad som kjøper alle tenester.  Ta kontakt med
8311 nokon som er passeleg store og ikkje er Microsoft-partnar, og fortell:
8312 «Vi har eit ferdig produkt som du kan selje.  Nei vi skal ikkje ha for
8313 det.  Du kan gjerne gjere kva du vil med det, berre vi får lov til å
8314 hjelpe deg.  Målgruppa er alle kommunar, og det er noko dei vil ha.
8315 Det er eit godt produkt, brukt av mange og godt likt.»</p>
8316
8317       </div>
8318       <div class="tags">
8319
8320
8321         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8322
8323
8324       </div>
8325     </div>
8326     <div class="padding"></div>
8327
8328     <div class="entry">
8329       <div class="title">
8330         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Embrik_Kaslegard.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Embrik Kaslegard</a>
8331       </div>
8332       <div class="date">
8333         16th January 2011
8334       </div>
8335       <div class="body">
8336         <p>Neste ut i min intervjuserie med folk i
8337 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a> er
8338 lærer, mangeårig bidragsyter på epostlistene og tidligere
8339 Skolelinux-administrator på en skole i Hemsedal.</p>
8340
8341 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8342
8343 <p>Embrik Kaslegard, 1964-modell, fire barn (7-20 år). Begynte som
8344 lærer i 1989 - har hatt IKT-ansvar siden første året i jobb. Har
8345 jobbet som lærer/IKT-ansvarlig uavbrutt siden 1989. Jobbet med
8346 Skolelinux fra 2004 til 2010. Nå har jeg fått ny arbeidsplass og er
8347 40% lærer og 60% IKT med Windows XP, Win2003 server og et regionalt
8348 IKT-regime som legger premissene og begrensingene for hva vi kan gjøre
8349 på skolen.</p>
8350
8351 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8352
8353 <p>Jeg leste en artikkel om en dugnadsinstallasjon av Skolelinux på en
8354 skole på Jæren et sted. Tanken om dugnad og frihet appellerte til
8355 meg. Da vi skulle bygge ny skole var det en del vi måtte spare på,
8356 fordi vi beveget oss mot en kostnadssprekk. Kabling og investering i
8357 PC-er var en av tingene vi sparte på. Derfor kjøpe vi 72 pc-er for 390
8358 pr stk. En filtjener og en applikasjonsserver.</p>
8359
8360 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8361
8362 <p>Fordelen er at så mye er satt opp fra starten. I tillegg er det
8363 tydelig at pakka er laga for skoleverket. Brukerne har egne
8364 skrivebord, tilgang på mange gode verktøyprogrammer. Vi slipper å
8365 tenke på virus. Brukerne har ikke mulighet til å ødelegge
8366 klientoppsett, men har gode muligheter til å endre eget oppsett. Dette
8367 tror jeg er inspirerende og kjekt for mange brukere.  Mappestrukturen
8368 er ferdig og det er "enkelt" å designe lokale mappestrukturer via
8369 skeleton.  Noen av oss i skoleverket mener skolen skal være en
8370 "mot-kultur". Da er Skolelinux et av valgene man kan ta. Et annet er å
8371 spise på indisk restaurant i stedet for Mc Donald's når vi er på bytur
8372 osv.. Ordene deling, frihet, dugnad osv er positive ord i
8373 skoleverket. Det er viktig at elevene blir bevisst dette.</p>
8374
8375 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8376
8377 <p>Kompabiliteten er selvsagt et problem, selv om det er mindre nå enn
8378 før.  For IKT-personer på skolene som skal drifte dette er det
8379 problematisk med kommandoer i terminalen.  I tillegg er det alt for
8380 mange programmer i Skolelinux som ikke blir brukt.  Jeg tror
8381 Skolelinux er tjent med å tone ned begrepet pedagogisk programvare.
8382 Slik jeg ser det finnes ikke denne kategorien programmer lengre slik
8383 de gjorde før, som frittsående programmer som installeres på en
8384 datamaskin eller på serveren.  Det finnes en del spesialpedagogiske
8385 programmer, som Textpilot, LingDys, LingRight, AskiRaski, Ny i Norge
8386 osv.  Men dette er programmer for enkelt-elever eller små grupper av
8387 elever.  Det som bør være fokus er at alle undervisningsressurser som
8388 lages for nettet skal være nettleseruavhengig.</p>
8389
8390 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8391
8392 <p>OpenOffice bruker jeg til vanlig kontorarbeide.  VLC bruker jeg som
8393 videoavspiller og av og til streaming av film.  Gimp bruker jeg i
8394 undervisningen til bildemanipulering. Firefox og Chrome er mine
8395 favoritt-nettlesere.  Firefox har lenge vært førstevalget mitt, nå
8396 bruker jeg mest Chrome.  Opplever den som raskere og smidigere enn
8397 Firefox.  Ubuntu bruker jeg som dualboot på jobb-maskinen min i
8398 tillegg til at alle PCer hjemme har en eller annen Ubuntu-distribusjon
8399 installert.  Jeg bruker Clonezilla på Ubuntu 10.04 til kloning av
8400 datamaskiner på jobb.  Det er selvsagt en haug andre frie programmer
8401 jeg bruker men jeg bruker dem ikke daglig.  Jeg kan ramse opp:
8402 recordmydesktop, cinelerra, acidrip, soundjuicer, audacity, NX
8403 (no-machine), Kino, Rythmbox...</p>
8404
8405 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8406 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8407
8408 <p>Jeg tror oppsøkende virksomhet er den rette strategien.
8409 Ressurspersoner gjør avtaler med rådmenn, skolesjefer, rektorer.  Det
8410 er slik konkurrentene gjør det.  Fokuset i slike samtaler bør være
8411 kost-nytte.  Dersom personer med økonomisk ansvar ser at de kan få
8412 like godt tilbud til mindre utgifter, tror jeg det er mulighet til å
8413 få innpass.  Dersom de også kan få konkrete tilbud på drift i slike
8414 samtaler, vil de kanskje bli litt mer interesserte i hvor mye penger
8415 som faktisk går til IKT i skolene.  Det er også viktig at vi ikke
8416 firer for mye på krav til datamaskiner.  Det er flott at Skolelinux
8417 går på "utrangert" utstyr, men dette bør bare presenteres som et
8418 alternativ.  Skolelinux-installasjoner med utrangert utstyr er ikke å
8419 foretrekke dersom man kan unngå det. Det skaper ikke entusiasme hos
8420 brukerne (elever og lærere) når de bruker gamle datamaskiner som går
8421 tregt.  Det er kjempefint med skoler som har kommet seg frem til
8422 Skolelinux og fri programvare av seg selv, men de lever på nåde.
8423 Slike valg må fundamenteres hos skoleeier.</p>
8424
8425 <p>Oppdatering 2011-01-16 22:40: Oppdatert svarene for de tre siste
8426 spørsmålene litt mer tekst fra Embrik.</p>
8427
8428       </div>
8429       <div class="tags">
8430
8431
8432         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8433
8434
8435       </div>
8436     </div>
8437     <div class="padding"></div>
8438
8439     <div class="entry">
8440       <div class="title">
8441         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Viggo_Fedreheim.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Viggo Fedreheim</a>
8442       </div>
8443       <div class="date">
8444         12th January 2011
8445       </div>
8446       <div class="body">
8447         <p>Jeg fortsetter min intervjuserie med folk i
8448 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a>.  Denne
8449 gang er det en av folkene som har vært med lenge og som har tatt i
8450 bruk Skolelinux på alle skolene i Narvik kommune som skal i ilden.
8451 Han er styremedlem i
8452 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen
8453 FRISK</a>.</p>
8454
8455 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8456
8457 <p>Mitt navn er Viggo Fedreheim, og jeg er pedagogisk og teknisk
8458 IKT-veileder for alle skoler i Narvik kommune.  Jeg drifter totalt 17
8459 servere basert på Skolelinux og Debian. Jeg holder i tillegg noen kurs
8460 mellom all driftingen. For tiden arbeider jeg med en sentral
8461 LDAP-tjener for alle skoleservere samt våre Moodle- og
8462 Joomla-installasjoner.</p>
8463
8464 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8465
8466 <p>Gjennom en eller annen nettavis i 2001 der var det skrevet om
8467 Skolelinux.  Artikkelen ga meg lyst til å prøve ut systemet.</p>
8468
8469 <p>Det startet i 2002 ved at jeg installerte en av de første utgavene
8470 av Skolelinux på en standard pc på Solneset skole i Tromsø.  Denne var
8471 oppe fram til desember 2003 da jeg sluttet på den skolen og begynte i
8472 ny jobb i Narvik kommune.</p>
8473
8474 <p> I Narvik kommune var det i 2004 kun 2 servere på da totalt 15
8475 skoler. Disse var Windows NT baserte. På disse to skolene var det lite
8476 med maskiner.  Jobben med å få Narvik Kommune opp på akseptabelt nivå
8477 virket å være formidabel.  Men med hjelp av gode kollegaer og leder
8478 skrev jeg en IKT plan for Narvik kommune som ble vedtatt av politikere
8479 i august 2004. I denne planen ble det bestemt at Narvik kommune skulle
8480 bruke Skolelinux.  Her ble det også satt av midler til kabling av god
8481 infrastruktur på alle skoler samt innkjøp av nye datamaskiner.  Så i
8482 dag har vi 17 servere hvorav 13 er på Skolelinux, med ca 1500 klienter
8483 basert på tynne, "halvtykke" og et stort antall bærbare pcer basert på
8484 Kubuntu.</p>
8485
8486 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8487
8488 <p>Lisenskostnader, driftkostnader og hardwarekrav som er mye lavere
8489 enn for andre systemer.</p>
8490
8491 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8492
8493 <p>Pedagogiske programvare som ikke fungerer mot Linux. En Stoooor
8494 flaskehals og som gjør at Linux kanskje ikke blir valgt andre
8495 plasser.</p>
8496
8497 <p>Eksempler er Relemo, Lindys (lingit sine programmer), 5plus
8498 (matematikk).  Disse er programmer som ikke lar seg kjøre i Linux.</p>
8499
8500 <p> Men det ser ut for at mange leverandører går over til mer
8501 nettbaserte programmer istedet for å installere lokalt.  Dette med
8502 enkelte leverandører som ikke kan levere programmer til Linux er et
8503 lite problem og over tid tror jeg at denne barrieren er borte.</p>
8504
8505 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8506
8507 <p>Kjører Kubuntu på laptoper, Debian squeeze på stasjonær
8508 kontorpc. Ut over dette arbeder jeg svært mye via konsoll mot andre
8509 servere.</p>
8510
8511       </div>
8512       <div class="tags">
8513
8514
8515         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8516
8517
8518       </div>
8519     </div>
8520     <div class="padding"></div>
8521
8522     <div class="entry">
8523       <div class="title">
8524         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Arnt_Ove_Gregersen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Arnt Ove Gregersen</a>
8525       </div>
8526       <div class="date">
8527          9th January 2011
8528       </div>
8529       <div class="body">
8530         <p>Inspirert av
8531 <a href="http://raphaelhertzog.com/tag/interview/">intervjurunden</a>
8532 som Raphael Hertzog har startet med folk i Debianprosjektet, fikk jeg
8533 lyst til å gjøre det samme med folk i
8534 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a>.  Håpet
8535 er at de som til daglig bidrar til å fremme fri programvare i
8536 skoleverket og utvikler en linux-distribusjon spesiallaget for
8537 skolebruk kan bli bedre kjent og kanskje inspirere flere til å bidra
8538 til Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
8539
8540 <p>Først ut er nyvalgt leder i
8541 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen FRISK</a> som
8542 organiserer utviklingen av Skolelinux-distribusjonen.  FRISK trenger
8543 alltid flere medlemmer, så
8544 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/index.php?page=signup">meld
8545 deg gjerne inn</a> hvis du vil støtte oss.</p>
8546
8547 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8548
8549 <p><!-- Mitt navn er Arnt Ove Gregersen, jeg er en småbarnfar på 32 år som
8550 for tiden bor Trondheim. -->
8551 Mitt navn er Arnt Ove Gregersen, jeg er 32 år og bor for tiden i Trondheim.
8552
8553 Her jobber jeg som systemutvikler i et firma
8554 som heter <a href="http://www.geomatikk-ikt.no/">Geomatikk IKT AS</a>,
8555 hvor jeg er på et Vegmeldings-prosjekt for Statens Vegvesen. På
8556 fritiden er jeg styreleder i FRISK (Fri programvare i skolen) og
8557 bidrar til bl.a. Skolelinux-prosjektet når jeg får tid til det. Det er
8558 primært hjemmesiden til Skolelinux-prosjektet og
8559 <a href="http://linuxveiviseren.no/">Linux-veiviseren</a> jeg har
8560 jobbet med her, men jeg har også gjort en del arbeid i forhold til
8561 FRISK sin hjemmeside.</p>
8562
8563 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8564
8565 <p>Jeg var på en presentasjon av prosjektet i regi av Knut Yrvin på
8566 Gløshaugen i Trondheim, hvor jeg fattet stor interesse for prosjektet
8567 og ville hjelpe til så godt jeg kunne.  Dette var vel i 2002 eller
8568 2003.</p>
8569
8570 <p>Jeg hadde fra før hørt om prosjektet fra før og syntes tanken bak var
8571 ganske fin, men hadde ikke noen interesse av bruke min egen fritid på
8572 det selv.</p>
8573
8574 <p>I etterkant av presentasjonen startet jeg og noen andre fra
8575 Trondheim "Skolelinux-prosjektet i Sør-Trøndelag" . Hvor vi var med å
8576 bidra til at Trondheim kommune satte igang Selsbakk ungdomskole som et
8577 pilotprosjekt med Skolelinux, som egentlig var og er en stor suksess,
8578 men det virker ut som det ikke skjer noe mer på. I tillegg var vi med
8579 på dugnad på Brundalen videregående skole hvor vi installerte
8580 Skolelinux som såvidt jeg vet fortsatt kjører på Skolelinux.</p>
8581
8582 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8583
8584 <p>Det bygger på fri programvare og har lav kostnad i forhold til
8585 nytteverdien. Dette fordi det har forholdsvis lav inngangsum og bruker
8586 en arkitektur med sentral-drift som gir mange driftfordeler.  I
8587 tillegg vil det kunne frigjøre kostnader for skolene slik at de kan
8588 bruke dem til å ansette f,eks flere lærere om det er ønskelig.</p>
8589
8590 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8591
8592 <P>Ikke all pedagogisk programvare er tilgjengelig der, som f.eks
8593 Drillpro om jeg ikke husker feil.</p>
8594
8595 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8596
8597 <p>Til utvikling av Java-applikasjoner og Android bruker jeg Eclipse og
8598 Quanta til web-utvikling via php. For all bildebehandling bruker jeg
8599 GIMP og Blender til 3d-modellering . Dessverre har Blender en bratt
8600 læringskurve i starten, men det er absolutt verdt det.
8601
8602 <p>Til musikk bruker jeg stort Rhytmbox. Firefox til surfing på nettet og
8603 Thunderbird og Evolution til e-post,
8604
8605 <p>På database-siden bruker jeg PostgreSQL, Postgis og av og til Mysql.
8606
8607 <p>Når jeg får tid til å spille bruker jeg som regel et strategi-spill
8608 som er basert på TA Spring-motoren (springrts.com), her er det et
8609 veldig bra utvalg av gratis spill som er av høy kvalitet. Veldig lett
8610 å bli hektet :)</p>
8611
8612       </div>
8613       <div class="tags">
8614
8615
8616         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8617
8618
8619       </div>
8620     </div>
8621     <div class="padding"></div>
8622
8623     <div class="entry">
8624       <div class="title">
8625         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Inspirerende_fra_en_ukjent_Skolelinux_skole.html">Inspirerende fra en ukjent Skolelinux-skole</a>
8626       </div>
8627       <div class="date">
8628          4th January 2011
8629       </div>
8630       <div class="body">
8631         <p>Følgende inspirerende historie fant jeg i
8632 <a href="http://www.digi.no/php/ny_debatt.php?id=858869#innlegg_770926">kommentarfeltet
8633 hos digi.no</a> i forbindelse med en trist sak om hvordan
8634 <a href="http://www.digi.no/858869/datakaos-etter-linux-satsing">skolen
8635 i Hemsedal har fått ødelagt</a> sin Skolelinux-installasjon.  Jeg har
8636 fikset endel åpenbare skrivefeil for lesbarhetens skyld.</p>
8637
8638 <blockquote>
8639 <p><strong>Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
8640 <br>av Inspektør Siri (gjest)
8641
8642 <p>Kommunen min har to omtrent jevnstore tettsteder, og en
8643 ungdomsskole i hvert av tettstedene. Den minste av disse har ca 300
8644 elever og til denne sogner det 3 barneskoler. Den største har ca 350
8645 elever og til denne sogner det 4 barneskoler.</p>
8646
8647 <ul>
8648
8649 <li>Kommunen har i veldig lang tid forsømt IKT i skolen, og det har
8650 bare blitt gitt smuler i ny og ne. Det er kun den største av
8651 ungdomsskolene som har hatt en skikkelig datapark, og dette takket
8652 være en naturfaglærer som ble lei av å vente på kommunen. Det gjorde
8653 at vi bestemte oss for å ta ting i egne hender, og da vha
8654 skolelinux. En testinstallasjon med 10 gamle PCer ble gjort, og vi så
8655 raskt at dette var veldig lovende. Neste etappe var å gi alle lærere
8656 egen PC på arbeidsplassene sine (2004), og så sette opp 16 PCer på to
8657 datarom. Vi har kun basert oss på å kjøpe inn brukte maskiner, og
8658 aldri dyrere enn 1000 kr pr klient. For to år siden så hadde vi
8659 klienter i alle klasserom, og totalt hadde vi da rundt 250 stk. Rundt
8660 40 klienter brukes av lærerne og kjører på en egen server. Elvene har
8661 resten, og kjører også en egen server. Servere har vi også kjøpt
8662 brukt, 2 år gamle servere koster 6-7000 kroner.</li>
8663
8664 <li>Skolen vår er et relativt gammelt bygg, men en meget dyktig
8665 vaktmester har sammen med IKT-ansvarlig/Naturfaglærer lagt kabler til alle
8666 rom. Gradvis har vi byttet ut billige svitsjer med mer solide saker
8667 som er mulig å fjernstyre.</li>
8668
8669 <li>Vi har i all hovedsak greid å få dette til over eget budsjett, men
8670 vi har også passet på å få penger når de andre skolene har fått
8671 bærbare PCer til lærere osv.</li>
8672
8673 <li>Vår IKT-ansvarlig har gjort (og gjør) en fenomenal jobb, og vi har
8674 en maskinpark som de andre av kommunens skoler bare kan drømme
8675 om.</li>
8676
8677 </ul>
8678
8679 <p>Så skjer det som ofte skjer. Det kommer en eller annen
8680 selger/blåruss og skal fikse ALT. I vårt tilfelle betyr dette også
8681 sentralisering av drift. Den ny-ansatte på kommunens IT-avdelingen
8682 skal også ha jobb, og ser for seg å ta over skoledriften. Kommunen
8683 kjøper inn eksterne driftstjenester, og nekter i samme slengen å ta
8684 hensyn til skolen vår. Dette til tross for at vi alene har like mange
8685 datamaskiner som de andre til sammen. </p>
8686
8687 <ul>
8688
8689 <li>Det blir krevd at vi skal innlemmes i de kommunale systemet, og
8690 det er VI som får ansvar for at dette kommer på plass. Og det er her
8691 de horrible tingene begynner å skje. </li>
8692
8693 <li>Det settes opp en lukket Exchange server som gjør av vi ikke kan
8694 hente epost for våre ansatte. Og det kreves at vi finner løsning på
8695 dette.</li>
8696
8697 <li>Det velges sak arkivsystem som vi pålegges å bruke, noe som gjør
8698 at vi må bruke en terminalløsning mot kommunal server. Ikke i seg selv
8699 et problem i følge IKT-ansvarlig hos oss. Men kommunens IT-avd nektet
8700 faktisk å åpne de porter OSV som vi måtte bruke.</li>
8701
8702 <li>Vi blir pålagt å flytte på innsiden av det kommunale
8703 nettverket. Dette gjorde at vi mistet hjemmekontor for lærere og
8704 elever. Å få åpnet porter i kommunal brannmur var ikke
8705 aktuelt. Mulighet for fjerndrift ble også vekk i samme slengen. </li>
8706
8707 <li>Vår LMS Moodle er ikke mulig å nå for elevene og lærerne.
8708
8709 </ul>
8710
8711 <p>Den andre ungdomsskolen i kommunen begynner så å kreve at de skal
8712 få bedre datatetthet, og komme opp på et nivå som ligner det vi
8713 har. De ser at vi kan avholde eksamen hvor alle 10. klassingene får
8714 sitte ved hver sin PC. Og de har fått tilbakemelding (klager) fra VGS
8715 om manglende datakompetanse på elevene som kommer fra dem. Dette fører
8716 videre til at kommunen endelig innser at de må ta grep. </p>
8717
8718 <p>Grepet betyr sentralisering, og farvel til vår plattform får vi
8719 høre. Det blir gjort en rekke bestemmelser og vedtak som vi ikke får
8720 være en del av. Det blir helt klart at vi må redusere antall maskiner,
8721 og det skal satses på bærbare maskiner. Siden vi ikke har fått tatt
8722 del i prosessene som angår oss, så bruker vi fagforening. Vi har ikke
8723 blitt hørt i forbindelse med endringer som er betydelig for vår
8724 hverdag, og greier å stoppe omlegging. I tillegg så har vi et politisk
8725 vedtak i kommunen på at vi skal kjøre Linux på elevnett, og dette
8726 vedtaket kan ikke administrasjonen i kommunene helt uten videre
8727 tilsidesette. </p>
8728
8729 <p>I sum har dette gjort at vi har fått jobbe videre i fred. Og en del
8730 runder i kommunens kontrollutvalg har gjort det tydelig at vi har blitt
8731 systematisk motarbeidet. </p>
8732
8733 <p>I dag har de andre skolene fått sine bærbare maskiner til elever og
8734 lærere, men etter 2 år med innkjøring er det fremdeles problemer
8735 her. </p>
8736
8737 <ul>
8738
8739 <li>Ungdomsskolen med windows kan ikke kjøre eksamen med sine bærbare,
8740 det er for mye arbeid å renske disse for innhold slik at juks ikke er
8741 mulig.</li>
8742
8743 <li>Utskrift er et mareritt, etter sigende pga at utskrift først
8744 sendes til sentral server, og så sendes ut til rett skriver. I snitt
8745 så tar det 7-8 minutter før utskrift starter på enkelte av
8746 skolene.</li>
8747
8748 <li>Trådløst skaper store problemer, og det er i perioder helt umulig
8749 å komme seg på nett. Og lagring på felles server er bare å glemme i
8750 perioder.</li>
8751
8752 </ul>
8753
8754 <p>Vi har slitt mye, kranglet og sloss. Ikke med tekniske problemer,
8755 men med omgivelsene rundt som vil oss til livs. Men det har vært verdt
8756 hver dråpe med svette, og timer med irritasjon. Men vi har begynt å få
8757 rutine her nå. </p>
8758
8759 <ul>
8760
8761 <li>Vi har fremdeles et system som vi styrer helt selv. </li>
8762 <li>Vi har vist at argumentet med at vår IKT-ansvarlig kan finne seg annen jobb ikke holder mål. Vi har kjøpt driftskonto hos et firma i tilfelle krise, og vi har kjørt opplæring på flere av de yngre lærerne. </li>
8763 <li>Vi har til enhver tid en lærling IKT driftsfag, og velger selvsagt ut dem som satser på Linux. Vi har nå begynt å få tilbake av våre tidligere elever som vil til oss nettopp fordi vi har Linux.</li>
8764 <li>Vi har vist at vi greier å opprettholde en dobbelt så stor datapark som naboskolen, og det til en billigere penge. </li>
8765 <li>Vi har datastøtte og support på huset, ALLTID tilgjengelig. De andre skolene må vente flere dager hvis det ikke er noe kritisk. </li>
8766 <li>Vår IKT-ansvarlig har 50% stilling som lærer og 50% som IKT-ansvarlig. </li>
8767 <li>Vi har en lærer på hvert trinn som har 3 timer i uka til å drive support/støtte til de andre lærerne. </li>
8768 <li>Vi opplever at de yngste lærerne ved den andre ungdomsskolen ønsker seg over til oss. </li>
8769
8770 </ul>
8771
8772 <p>Vi skal i løpet av året starte prosess med å planlegge ny skole, og vi har fått gjennomslag for at jeg (inspektør) og IKT-ansvarlig skal ha det fulle og hele ansvar for IKT/Infrastruktur. Begrunnelsen vår som ble avgjørende her, var at IT-avd i kommunen ikke kan noe om data i skolen. </p>
8773
8774 <p>Beklager hvis dette ble litt usammenhengende, men det ble tastet i
8775 fei, og jeg har ikke lest gjennom</p>
8776 </blockquote>
8777
8778 <p>Det kom raskt et lite svar:</p>
8779
8780 <blockquote>
8781 <p><strong>SV: Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
8782 <br>av captain_obvious</p>
8783
8784 <p>Inspirerende å lese. Har dere gjort noe for å fortelle denne
8785 historien videre?</p>
8786
8787 <p>Hadde vært svært interessant om dere tok kontakt med dokument 2 eller
8788 lignende for å fortelle hvordan det egentlig står til med
8789 IT-satsningen i kommune-Norge. Om ikke annet kan du begynner med å
8790 raffinere innlegget ditt og få en gjesteartikkel på digi.no</p>
8791 </blockquote>
8792
8793 <p>Og deretter en lengre oppfølging.</p>
8794
8795 <blockquote>
8796 <p><strong>SV: Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
8797 <br>av Inspektør Siri (gjest)
8798
8799 <p>Joda, vi har lekt med tanken, og vi har t.o.m skrevet flere lengre
8800 leserinnlegg myntet på aviser. Disse er ikke sendt til aviser, men
8801 brukt internt i forbindelse med møter med kommune. Vår IKT-ansvarlig
8802 har også truet med å si opp jobben sin hvis det ikke ble tatt hensyn i
8803 større grad enn hva som har vært tilfelle. VI kan også dokumentere
8804 flere brudd på anbudsregler, og vi kjenner til at relativt store
8805 IT-leverandører som ikke har fått tatt del i disse anbudene, rett og
8806 slett ikke tør melde fra av redsel for å få et dårlig rykte. </p>
8807
8808 <p>Alt ser ut til å roe seg ned, og vi har fått opp øynene på
8809 politikerne. I sum gjør dette at vi ikke ønsker for mye publisitet nå,
8810 det vil bare rote til igjen. </p>
8811
8812 <p>Jeg glemte å nevne at vi nå nesten ikke bruker tid på å drifte
8813 systemet vårt, noe som gjør at det aller meste av tid blir brukt til å
8814 støtte lærerne og elevene. F.eks så bruker vår IKT-ansvarlig den
8815 første timen på jobb, 0730-0830 kun til å gå ute på arbeidsplassene
8816 til læreren. Dette for å kunne svare på små og store problem, gi tips
8817 og råd, eller bare for å plukke opp hva som er behovet ute i
8818 undervisningsarealene. Det er dessverre ikke slik at alle lærerne har
8819 nok digital kompetanse til å kunne formulere alle spørsmålene de har,
8820 men ved å kunne få vise eller lufte tanker med IKT-ansvarlig så er det
8821 utrolig hva som kommer fram. </p>
8822
8823 <ul>
8824
8825 <li>Jeg ser at mange bruker økonomi som argument i forhold til å bruke
8826 SkoleLinux, og jeg skal ikke legge skjul på at det var dette som i
8827 utgangspunktet var årsaken til vårt valg. Men diskusjonene og kampen
8828 med kommunens IT-avdeling har gjort at vi har fått et noe annet
8829 fokus. Fordelene med drift og stabilitet, gjør at vi ville ha valgt
8830 samme løsning selv om den var dyrere. At vi slipper langt billigere
8831 unna, som følge av 0,- lisenskostnader og lave maskinvarekostnader, er
8832 bare en bonus. </li>
8833
8834 <li>Etter å ha kranglet oss til å få skikkelig oversikt over hva de
8835 andre skolene i kommunen bruker på IT, så har vi fått gehør for å få
8836 samme midler til innkjøp. Dette har gjort at vi nå kan kjøpe inn
8837 utstyr som de andre skolene bare kan se langt etter. Vi har nettopp
8838 kjøpt inn 3 videokamera i semiproff-klassen for å kunne lage film,
8839 samt sende live fra skoleteater/konserter. Vi har kjøpt inn digitale
8840 kompaktkamera til alle klassene. Vi har et team av lærere som skal i
8841 gang med å teste ut tablets på svake elever. Håpet et at teknologien
8842 kan være med på å gi noen av elevene litt mer motivasjon. Vi har kjøpt
8843 inn et halvt klassesett med pulsklokker, noe som har vist seg å være
8844 overraskende inspirerende for en del av elevene. Vi har også oss på
8845 fag på en høyskole litt lengre sør for oss, slik at 3 av oss nå skal
8846 ta faget "Linux tjenestedrift". Som inspektør og en del av skolens
8847 administrasjon er det veldig praktisk å kunne trå til hvis det
8848 kniper. Men IKT-ansvarlig har vært UTROLIG flink til å lage rene
8849 smørbrødlister for hvordan de mest vanlige driftsproblem løses, så det
8850 er lett for flere av oss å ta del i den daglige driften. Vi har svært
8851 stor nytte av lærling (som også hjelper to av naboskolene), men det er
8852 nesten blitt slik at det er om å gjøre å komme til først for å få løse
8853 problem. Det å få fingrene på problem og utfordringer er den aller
8854 beste læremester. </li>
8855
8856 </ul>
8857
8858 <p>Når vi nå tar til med planlegging av ny skole, så vil det være med
8859 tanke på at det skal være mulig med datautstyr på alle plasser. Vi
8860 kommer i all hovedsak til å legge kabel til alle tenkelige og
8861 utenkelige plasser. WiFi koster tilnærmet NULL å sette opp i
8862 ettertid.</p>
8863
8864 <p>Vi har ikke vært noe flink til å bidra til SkoleLinux-prosjektet,
8865 vi har rett og slett vært for opptatt med vår egen kamp. Vi har hentet
8866 mye inspirasjon fra diskusjoner som har gått i det miljøet, og vi
8867 håper at vi nå framover kan få tid til å bidra. Vi er i ferd med å
8868 bytte ut en av serverne våre, og da vil denne trolig bli satt opp som
8869 testserver for neste versjon av Skolelinux. På den måten vil vi i alle
8870 fall kunne gi tilbakemeldinger og rapportere feil. I tillegg så vil
8871 det kanskje gi oss noen nye utfordringer, for som lærlingen vår sier:
8872 "Skolelinux er noe herk, det skjer jo ikke noe galt og hvordan skal
8873 jeg da lære?"</p>
8874
8875 </blockquote>
8876
8877 <p>Det er veldig hyggelig å høre at
8878 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> fungerer så bra i
8879 skoleverdagen etter å ha jobbet med det i 10 år.</p>
8880
8881       </div>
8882       <div class="tags">
8883
8884
8885         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8886
8887
8888       </div>
8889     </div>
8890     <div class="padding"></div>
8891
8892     <div class="entry">
8893       <div class="title">
8894         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_test_if_a_laptop_is_working_with_Linux.html">How to test if a laptop is working with Linux</a>
8895       </div>
8896       <div class="date">
8897         22nd December 2010
8898       </div>
8899       <div class="body">
8900         <p>The last few days I have spent at work here at the <a
8901 href="http://www.uio.no/">University of Oslo</a> testing if the new
8902 batch of computers will work with Linux.  Every year for the last few
8903 years the university have organised shared bid of a few thousand
8904 computers, and this year HP won the bid.  Two different desktops and
8905 five different laptops are on the list this year.  We in the UNIX
8906 group want to know which one of these computers work well with RHEL
8907 and Ubuntu, the two Linux distributions we currently handle at the
8908 university.</p>
8909
8910 <p>My test method is simple, and I share it here to get feedback and
8911 perhaps inspire others to test hardware as well.  To test, I PXE
8912 install the OS version of choice, and log in as my normal user and run
8913 a few applications and plug in selected pieces of hardware.  When
8914 something fail, I make a note about this in the test matrix and move
8915 on.  If I have some spare time I try to report the bug to the OS
8916 vendor, but as I only have the machines for a short time, I rarely
8917 have the time to do this for all the problems I find.</p>
8918
8919 <p>Anyway, to get to the point of this post.  Here is the simple tests
8920 I perform on a new model.</p>
8921
8922 <ul>
8923
8924 <li>Is PXE installation working?  I'm testing with RHEL6, Ubuntu Lucid
8925 and Ubuntu Maverik at the moment.  If I feel like it, I also test with
8926 RHEL5 and Debian Edu/Squeeze.</li>
8927
8928 <li>Is X.org working?  If the graphical login screen show up after
8929 installation, X.org is working.</li>
8930
8931 <li>Is hardware accelerated OpenGL working?  Running glxgears (in
8932 package mesa-utils on Ubuntu) and writing down the frames per second
8933 reported by the program.</li>
8934
8935 <li>Is sound working?  With Gnome and KDE, a sound is played when
8936 logging in, and if I can hear this the test is successful.  If there
8937 are several audio exits on the machine, I try them all and check if
8938 the Gnome/KDE audio mixer can control where to send the sound.  I
8939 normally test this by playing
8940 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20101012-chef/ ">a HTML5
8941 video</a> in Firefox/Iceweasel.</li>
8942
8943 <li>Is the USB subsystem working?  I test this by plugging in a USB
8944 memory stick and see if Gnome/KDE notices this.</li>
8945
8946 <li>Is the CD/DVD player working?  I test this by inserting any CD/DVD
8947 I have lying around, and see if Gnome/KDE notices this.</li>
8948
8949 <li>Is any built in camera working?  Test using cheese, and see if a
8950 picture from the v4l device show up.</li>
8951
8952 <li>Is bluetooth working?  Use the Gnome/KDE browsing tool to see if
8953 any bluetooth devices are discovered.  In my office, I normally see a
8954 few.</li>
8955
8956 <li>For laptops, is the SD or Compaq Flash reader working.  I have
8957 memory modules lying around, and stick them in and see if Gnome/KDE
8958 notice this.</li>
8959
8960 <li>For laptops, is suspend/hibernate working?  I'm testing if the
8961 special button work, and if the laptop continue to work after
8962 resume.</li>
8963
8964 <li>For laptops, is the extra buttons working, like audio level,
8965 adjusting background light, switching on/off external video output,
8966 switching on/off wifi, bluetooth, etc?  The set of buttons differ from
8967 laptop to laptop, so I just write down which are working and which are
8968 not.</li>
8969
8970 <li>Some laptops have smart card readers, finger print readers,
8971 acceleration sensors etc.  I rarely test these, as I do not know how
8972 to quickly test if they are working or not, so I only document their
8973 existence.</li>
8974
8975 </ul>
8976
8977 <p>By now I suspect you are really curious what the test results are
8978 for the HP machines I am testing.  I'm not done yet, so I will report
8979 the test results later.  For now I can report that HP 8100 Elite work
8980 fine, and hibernation fail with HP EliteBook 8440p on Ubuntu Lucid,
8981 and audio fail on RHEL6.  Ubuntu Maverik worked with 8440p.  As you
8982 can see, I have most machines left to test.  One interesting
8983 observation is that Ubuntu Lucid has almost twice the frame rate than
8984 RHEL6 with glxgears.  No idea why.</p>
8985
8986       </div>
8987       <div class="tags">
8988
8989
8990         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8991
8992
8993       </div>
8994     </div>
8995     <div class="padding"></div>
8996
8997     <div class="entry">
8998       <div class="title">
8999         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_development_gathering_and_General_Assembly_for_FRiSK.html">Debian Edu development gathering and General Assembly for FRiSK</a>
9000       </div>
9001       <div class="date">
9002         29th November 2010
9003       </div>
9004       <div class="body">
9005         <p>On friday, the first Debian Edu / Skolelinux
9006 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering/2010-12-03-05-Oslo">development
9007 gathering</a> in a long time take place here in Oslo, Norway.  I
9008 really look forward to seeing all the good people working on the
9009 Squeeze release.  The gathering is open for everyone interested in
9010 learning more about Debian Edu / Skolelinux.</p>
9011
9012 <p>On Saturday, the Norwegian member organization taking care of
9013 organizing these development gatherings, Fri Programvare i Skolen,
9014 will hold its
9015 <a href="http://friprogramvareiskolen.no/Genfors/2010">General Assembly
9016 for 2010</a>.  Membership is open for all, and currently there are 388
9017 people registered as members.  Last year 32 members cast their vote in
9018 the memberdb based election system.  I hope more people find time to
9019 vote this year.</p>
9020
9021       </div>
9022       <div class="tags">
9023
9024
9025         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
9026
9027
9028       </div>
9029     </div>
9030     <div class="padding"></div>
9031
9032     <div class="entry">
9033       <div class="title">
9034         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_isn_t_Debian_Edu_using_VLC_.html">Why isn't Debian Edu using VLC?</a>
9035       </div>
9036       <div class="date">
9037         27th November 2010
9038       </div>
9039       <div class="body">
9040         <p>In the latest issue of Linux Journal, the readers choices were
9041 presented, and the winner among the multimedia player were VLC.
9042 Personally, I like VLC, and it is my player of choice when I first try
9043 to play a video file or stream.  Only if VLC fail will I drag out
9044 gmplayer to see if it can do better.  The reason is mostly the failure
9045 model and trust.  When VLC fail, it normally pop up a error message
9046 reporting the problem.  When mplayer fail, it normally segfault or
9047 just hangs.  The latter failure mode drain my trust in the program.<p>
9048
9049 <p>But even if VLC is my player of choice, we have choosen to use
9050 mplayer in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian
9051 Edu/Skolelinux</a>.  The reason is simple.  We need a good browser
9052 plugin to play web videos seamlessly, and the VLC browser plugin is
9053 not very good.  For example, it lack in-line control buttons, so there
9054 is no way for the user to pause the video.  Also, when I
9055 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/BrowserMultimedia">last
9056 tested the browser plugins</a> available in Debian, the VLC plugin
9057 failed on several video pages where mplayer based plugins worked.  If
9058 the browser plugin for VLC was as good as the gecko-mediaplayer
9059 package (which uses mplayer), we would switch.</P>
9060
9061 <p>While VLC is a good player, its user interface is slightly
9062 annoying.  The most annoying feature is its inconsistent use of
9063 keyboard shortcuts.  When the player is in full screen mode, its
9064 shortcuts are different from when it is playing the video in a window.
9065 For example, space only work as pause when in full screen mode.  I
9066 wish it had consisten shortcuts and that space also would work when in
9067 window mode.  Another nice shortcut in gmplayer is [enter] to restart
9068 the current video.  It is very nice when playing short videos from the
9069 web and want to restart it when new people arrive to have a look at
9070 what is going on.</p>
9071
9072       </div>
9073       <div class="tags">
9074
9075
9076         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
9077
9078
9079       </div>
9080     </div>
9081     <div class="padding"></div>
9082
9083     <div class="entry">
9084       <div class="title">
9085         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades_of_the_Gnome_and_KDE_desktop__now_with_apt_get_autoremove.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades of the Gnome and KDE desktop, now with apt-get autoremove</a>
9086       </div>
9087       <div class="date">
9088         22nd November 2010
9089       </div>
9090       <div class="body">
9091         <p>Michael Biebl suggested to me on IRC, that I changed my automated
9092 upgrade testing of the
9093 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">Lenny
9094 Gnome and KDE Desktop</a> to do <tt>apt-get autoremove</tt> when using apt-get.
9095 This seem like a very good idea, so I adjusted by test scripts and
9096 can now present the updated result from today:</p>
9097
9098 <p>This is for Gnome:</p>
9099
9100 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
9101
9102 <blockquote><p>
9103   apache2.2-bin
9104   aptdaemon
9105   baobab
9106   binfmt-support
9107   browser-plugin-gnash
9108   cheese-common
9109   cli-common
9110   cups-pk-helper
9111   dmz-cursor-theme
9112   empathy
9113   empathy-common
9114   freedesktop-sound-theme
9115   freeglut3
9116   gconf-defaults-service
9117   gdm-themes
9118   gedit-plugins
9119   geoclue
9120   geoclue-hostip
9121   geoclue-localnet
9122   geoclue-manual
9123   geoclue-yahoo
9124   gnash
9125   gnash-common
9126   gnome
9127   gnome-backgrounds
9128   gnome-cards-data
9129   gnome-codec-install
9130   gnome-core
9131   gnome-desktop-environment
9132   gnome-disk-utility
9133   gnome-screenshot
9134   gnome-search-tool
9135   gnome-session-canberra
9136   gnome-system-log
9137   gnome-themes-extras
9138   gnome-themes-more
9139   gnome-user-share
9140   gstreamer0.10-fluendo-mp3
9141   gstreamer0.10-tools
9142   gtk2-engines
9143   gtk2-engines-pixbuf
9144   gtk2-engines-smooth
9145   hamster-applet
9146   libapache2-mod-dnssd
9147   libapr1
9148   libaprutil1
9149   libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3
9150   libaprutil1-ldap
9151   libart2.0-cil
9152   libboost-date-time1.42.0
9153   libboost-python1.42.0
9154   libboost-thread1.42.0
9155   libchamplain-0.4-0
9156   libchamplain-gtk-0.4-0
9157   libcheese-gtk18
9158   libclutter-gtk-0.10-0
9159   libcryptui0
9160   libdiscid0
9161   libelf1
9162   libepc-1.0-2
9163   libepc-common
9164   libepc-ui-1.0-2
9165   libfreerdp-plugins-standard
9166   libfreerdp0
9167   libgconf2.0-cil
9168   libgdata-common
9169   libgdata7
9170   libgdu-gtk0
9171   libgee2
9172   libgeoclue0
9173   libgexiv2-0
9174   libgif4
9175   libglade2.0-cil
9176   libglib2.0-cil
9177   libgmime2.4-cil
9178   libgnome-vfs2.0-cil
9179   libgnome2.24-cil
9180   libgnomepanel2.24-cil
9181   libgpod-common
9182   libgpod4
9183   libgtk2.0-cil
9184   libgtkglext1
9185   libgtksourceview2.0-common
9186   libmono-addins-gui0.2-cil
9187   libmono-addins0.2-cil
9188   libmono-cairo2.0-cil
9189   libmono-corlib2.0-cil
9190   libmono-i18n-west2.0-cil
9191   libmono-posix2.0-cil
9192   libmono-security2.0-cil
9193   libmono-sharpzip2.84-cil
9194   libmono-system2.0-cil
9195   libmtp8
9196   libmusicbrainz3-6
9197   libndesk-dbus-glib1.0-cil
9198   libndesk-dbus1.0-cil
9199   libopal3.6.8
9200   libpolkit-gtk-1-0
9201   libpt2.6.7
9202   libpython2.6
9203   librpm1
9204   librpmio1
9205   libsdl1.2debian
9206   libsrtp0
9207   libssh-4
9208   libtelepathy-farsight0
9209   libtelepathy-glib0
9210   libtidy-0.99-0
9211   media-player-info
9212   mesa-utils
9213   mono-2.0-gac
9214   mono-gac
9215   mono-runtime
9216   nautilus-sendto
9217   nautilus-sendto-empathy
9218   p7zip-full
9219   pkg-config
9220   python-aptdaemon
9221   python-aptdaemon-gtk
9222   python-axiom
9223   python-beautifulsoup
9224   python-bugbuddy
9225   python-clientform
9226   python-coherence
9227   python-configobj
9228   python-crypto
9229   python-cupshelpers
9230   python-elementtree
9231   python-epsilon
9232   python-evolution
9233   python-feedparser
9234   python-gdata
9235   python-gdbm
9236   python-gst0.10
9237   python-gtkglext1
9238   python-gtksourceview2
9239   python-httplib2
9240   python-louie
9241   python-mako
9242   python-markupsafe
9243   python-mechanize
9244   python-nevow
9245   python-notify
9246   python-opengl
9247   python-openssl
9248   python-pam
9249   python-pkg-resources
9250   python-pyasn1
9251   python-pysqlite2
9252   python-rdflib
9253   python-serial
9254   python-tagpy
9255   python-twisted-bin
9256   python-twisted-conch
9257   python-twisted-core
9258   python-twisted-web
9259   python-utidylib
9260   python-webkit
9261   python-xdg
9262   python-zope.interface
9263   remmina
9264   remmina-plugin-data
9265   remmina-plugin-rdp
9266   remmina-plugin-vnc
9267   rhythmbox-plugin-cdrecorder
9268   rhythmbox-plugins
9269   rpm-common
9270   rpm2cpio
9271   seahorse-plugins
9272   shotwell
9273   software-center
9274   system-config-printer-udev
9275   telepathy-gabble
9276   telepathy-mission-control-5
9277   telepathy-salut
9278   tomboy
9279   totem
9280   totem-coherence
9281   totem-mozilla
9282   totem-plugins
9283   transmission-common
9284   xdg-user-dirs
9285   xdg-user-dirs-gtk
9286   xserver-xephyr
9287 </p></blockquote>
9288
9289 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
9290
9291 <blockquote><p>
9292   cheese
9293   ekiga
9294   eog
9295   epiphany-extensions
9296   evolution-exchange
9297   fast-user-switch-applet
9298   file-roller
9299   gcalctool
9300   gconf-editor
9301   gdm
9302   gedit
9303   gedit-common
9304   gnome-games
9305   gnome-games-data
9306   gnome-nettool
9307   gnome-system-tools
9308   gnome-themes
9309   gnuchess
9310   gucharmap
9311   guile-1.8-libs
9312   libavahi-ui0
9313   libdmx1
9314   libgalago3
9315   libgtk-vnc-1.0-0
9316   libgtksourceview2.0-0
9317   liblircclient0
9318   libsdl1.2debian-alsa
9319   libspeexdsp1
9320   libsvga1
9321   rhythmbox
9322   seahorse
9323   sound-juicer
9324   system-config-printer
9325   totem-common
9326   transmission-gtk
9327   vinagre
9328   vino
9329 </p></blockquote>
9330
9331 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
9332
9333 <blockquote><p>
9334   gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
9335 </p></blockquote>
9336
9337 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
9338
9339 <blockquote><p>
9340 [nothing]
9341 </p></blockquote>
9342
9343 <p>This is for KDE:</p>
9344
9345 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
9346
9347 <blockquote><p>
9348   ksmserver
9349 </p></blockquote>
9350
9351 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
9352
9353 <blockquote><p>
9354   kwin
9355   network-manager-kde
9356 </p></blockquote>
9357
9358 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
9359
9360 <blockquote><p>
9361   arts
9362   dolphin
9363   freespacenotifier
9364   google-gadgets-gst
9365   google-gadgets-xul
9366   kappfinder
9367   kcalc
9368   kcharselect
9369   kde-core
9370   kde-plasma-desktop
9371   kde-standard
9372   kde-window-manager
9373   kdeartwork
9374   kdeartwork-emoticons
9375   kdeartwork-style
9376   kdeartwork-theme-icon
9377   kdebase
9378   kdebase-apps
9379   kdebase-workspace
9380   kdebase-workspace-bin
9381   kdebase-workspace-data
9382   kdeeject
9383   kdelibs
9384   kdeplasma-addons
9385   kdeutils
9386   kdewallpapers
9387   kdf
9388   kfloppy
9389   kgpg
9390   khelpcenter4
9391   kinfocenter
9392   konq-plugins-l10n
9393   konqueror-nsplugins
9394   kscreensaver
9395   kscreensaver-xsavers
9396   ktimer
9397   kwrite
9398   libgle3
9399   libkde4-ruby1.8
9400   libkonq5
9401   libkonq5-templates
9402   libnetpbm10
9403   libplasma-ruby
9404   libplasma-ruby1.8
9405   libqt4-ruby1.8
9406   marble-data
9407   marble-plugins
9408   netpbm
9409   nuvola-icon-theme
9410   plasma-dataengines-workspace
9411   plasma-desktop
9412   plasma-desktopthemes-artwork
9413   plasma-runners-addons
9414   plasma-scriptengine-googlegadgets
9415   plasma-scriptengine-python
9416   plasma-scriptengine-qedje
9417   plasma-scriptengine-ruby
9418   plasma-scriptengine-webkit
9419   plasma-scriptengines
9420   plasma-wallpapers-addons
9421   plasma-widget-folderview
9422   plasma-widget-networkmanagement
9423   ruby
9424   sweeper
9425   update-notifier-kde
9426   xscreensaver-data-extra
9427   xscreensaver-gl
9428   xscreensaver-gl-extra
9429   xscreensaver-screensaver-bsod
9430 </p></blockquote>
9431
9432 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
9433
9434 <blockquote><p>
9435   ark
9436   google-gadgets-common
9437   google-gadgets-qt
9438   htdig
9439   kate
9440   kdebase-bin
9441   kdebase-data
9442   kdepasswd
9443   kfind
9444   klipper
9445   konq-plugins
9446   konqueror
9447   ksysguard
9448   ksysguardd
9449   libarchive1
9450   libcln6
9451   libeet1
9452   libeina-svn-06
9453   libggadget-1.0-0b
9454   libggadget-qt-1.0-0b
9455   libgps19
9456   libkdecorations4
9457   libkephal4
9458   libkonq4
9459   libkonqsidebarplugin4a
9460   libkscreensaver5
9461   libksgrd4
9462   libksignalplotter4
9463   libkunitconversion4
9464   libkwineffects1a
9465   libmarblewidget4
9466   libntrack-qt4-1
9467   libntrack0
9468   libplasma-geolocation-interface4
9469   libplasmaclock4a
9470   libplasmagenericshell4
9471   libprocesscore4a
9472   libprocessui4a
9473   libqalculate5
9474   libqedje0a
9475   libqtruby4shared2
9476   libqzion0a
9477   libruby1.8
9478   libscim8c2a
9479   libsmokekdecore4-3
9480   libsmokekdeui4-3
9481   libsmokekfile3
9482   libsmokekhtml3
9483   libsmokekio3
9484   libsmokeknewstuff2-3
9485   libsmokeknewstuff3-3
9486   libsmokekparts3
9487   libsmokektexteditor3
9488   libsmokekutils3
9489   libsmokenepomuk3
9490   libsmokephonon3
9491   libsmokeplasma3
9492   libsmokeqtcore4-3
9493   libsmokeqtdbus4-3
9494   libsmokeqtgui4-3
9495   libsmokeqtnetwork4-3
9496   libsmokeqtopengl4-3
9497   libsmokeqtscript4-3
9498   libsmokeqtsql4-3
9499   libsmokeqtsvg4-3
9500   libsmokeqttest4-3
9501   libsmokeqtuitools4-3
9502   libsmokeqtwebkit4-3
9503   libsmokeqtxml4-3
9504   libsmokesolid3
9505   libsmokesoprano3
9506   libtaskmanager4a
9507   libtidy-0.99-0
9508   libweather-ion4a
9509   libxklavier16
9510   libxxf86misc1
9511   okteta
9512   oxygencursors
9513   plasma-dataengines-addons
9514   plasma-scriptengine-superkaramba
9515   plasma-widget-lancelot
9516   plasma-widgets-addons
9517   plasma-widgets-workspace
9518   polkit-kde-1
9519   ruby1.8
9520   systemsettings
9521   update-notifier-common
9522 </p></blockquote>
9523
9524 <p>Running apt-get autoremove made the results using apt-get and
9525 aptitude a bit more similar, but there are still quite a lott of
9526 differences.  I have no idea what packages should be installed after
9527 the upgrade, but hope those that do can have a look.</p>
9528
9529       </div>
9530       <div class="tags">
9531
9532
9533         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
9534
9535
9536       </div>
9537     </div>
9538     <div class="padding"></div>
9539
9540     <div class="entry">
9541       <div class="title">
9542         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Migrating_Xen_virtual_machines_using_LVM_to_KVM_using_disk_images.html">Migrating Xen virtual machines using LVM to KVM using disk images</a>
9543       </div>
9544       <div class="date">
9545         22nd November 2010
9546       </div>
9547       <div class="body">
9548         <p>Most of the computers in use by the
9549 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux project</a>
9550 are virtual machines.  And they have been Xen machines running on a
9551 fairly old IBM eserver xseries 345 machine, and we wanted to migrate
9552 them to KVM on a newer Dell PowerEdge 2950 host machine.  This was a
9553 bit harder that it could have been, because we set up the Xen virtual
9554 machines to get the virtual partitions from LVM, which as far as I
9555 know is not supported by KVM.  So to migrate, we had to convert
9556 several LVM logical volumes to partitions on a virtual disk file.</p>
9557
9558 <p>I found
9559 <a href="http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com.au/articles/35011-Six-steps-for-migrating-Xen-virtual-machines-to-KVM">a
9560 nice recipe</a> to do this, and wrote the following script to do the
9561 migration.  It uses qemu-img from the qemu package to make the disk
9562 image, parted to partition it, losetup and kpartx to present the disk
9563 image partions as devices, and dd to copy the data.  I NFS mounted the
9564 new servers storage area on the old server to do the migration.</p>
9565
9566 <pre>
9567 #!/bin/sh
9568
9569 # Based on
9570 # http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com.au/articles/35011-Six-steps-for-migrating-Xen-virtual-machines-to-KVM
9571
9572 set -e
9573 set -x
9574
9575 if [ -z "$1" ] ; then
9576     echo "Usage: $0 &lt;hostname&gt;"
9577     exit 1
9578 else
9579     host="$1"
9580 fi
9581
9582 if [ ! -e /dev/vg_data/$host-disk ] ; then
9583     echo "error: unable to find LVM volume for $host"
9584     exit 1
9585 fi
9586
9587 # Partitions need to be a bit bigger than the LVM LVs.  not sure why.
9588 disksize=$( lvs --units m | grep $host-disk | awk '{sum = sum + $4} END { print int(sum * 1.05) }')
9589 swapsize=$( lvs --units m | grep $host-swap | awk '{sum = sum + $4} END { print int(sum * 1.05) }')
9590 totalsize=$(( ( $disksize + $swapsize ) ))
9591
9592 img=$host.img
9593 #dd if=/dev/zero of=$img bs=1M count=$(( $disksize + $swapsize ))
9594 qemu-img create $img ${totalsize}MMaking room on the Debian Edu/Sqeeze DVD
9595
9596 parted $img mklabel msdos
9597 parted $img mkpart primary linux-swap 0 $disksize
9598 parted $img mkpart primary ext2 $disksize $totalsize
9599 parted $img set 1 boot on
9600
9601 modprobe dm-mod
9602 losetup /dev/loop0 $img
9603 kpartx -a /dev/loop0
9604
9605 dd if=/dev/vg_data/$host-disk of=/dev/mapper/loop0p1 bs=1M
9606 fsck.ext3 -f /dev/mapper/loop0p1 || true
9607 mkswap /dev/mapper/loop0p2
9608
9609 kpartx -d /dev/loop0
9610 losetup -d /dev/loop0
9611 </pre>
9612
9613 <p>The script is perhaps so simple that it is not copyrightable, but
9614 if it is, it is licenced using GPL v2 or later at your discretion.</p>
9615
9616 <p>After doing this, I booted a Debian CD in rescue mode in KVM with
9617 the new disk image attached, installed grub-pc and linux-image-686 and
9618 set up grub to boot from the disk image.  After this, the KVM machines
9619 seem to work just fine.</p>
9620
9621       </div>
9622       <div class="tags">
9623
9624
9625         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
9626
9627
9628       </div>
9629     </div>
9630     <div class="padding"></div>
9631
9632     <div class="entry">
9633       <div class="title">
9634         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__apt_vs_aptitude_with_the_Gnome_and_KDE_desktop.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, apt vs aptitude with the Gnome and KDE desktop</a>
9635       </div>
9636       <div class="date">
9637         20th November 2010
9638       </div>
9639       <div class="body">
9640         <p>I'm still running upgrade testing of the
9641 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">Lenny
9642 Gnome and KDE Desktop</a>, but have not had time to spend on reporting the
9643 status.  Here is a short update based on a test I ran 20101118.</p>
9644
9645 <p>I still do not know what a correct migration should look like, so I
9646 report any differences between apt and aptitude and hope someone else
9647 can see if anything should be changed.</p>
9648
9649 <p>This is for Gnome:</p>
9650
9651 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
9652
9653 <blockquote><p>
9654   apache2.2-bin aptdaemon at-spi baobab binfmt-support
9655   browser-plugin-gnash cheese-common cli-common cpp-4.3 cups-pk-helper
9656   dmz-cursor-theme empathy empathy-common finger
9657   freedesktop-sound-theme freeglut3 gconf-defaults-service gdm-themes
9658   gedit-plugins geoclue geoclue-hostip geoclue-localnet geoclue-manual
9659   geoclue-yahoo gnash gnash-common gnome gnome-backgrounds
9660   gnome-cards-data gnome-codec-install gnome-core
9661   gnome-desktop-environment gnome-disk-utility gnome-screenshot
9662   gnome-search-tool gnome-session-canberra gnome-spell
9663   gnome-system-log gnome-themes-extras gnome-themes-more
9664   gnome-user-share gs-common gstreamer0.10-fluendo-mp3
9665   gstreamer0.10-tools gtk2-engines gtk2-engines-pixbuf
9666   gtk2-engines-smooth hal-info hamster-applet libapache2-mod-dnssd
9667   libapr1 libaprutil1 libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 libaprutil1-ldap
9668   libart2.0-cil libatspi1.0-0 libboost-date-time1.42.0
9669   libboost-python1.42.0 libboost-thread1.42.0 libchamplain-0.4-0
9670   libchamplain-gtk-0.4-0 libcheese-gtk18 libclutter-gtk-0.10-0
9671   libcryptui0 libcupsys2 libdiscid0 libeel2-data libelf1 libepc-1.0-2
9672   libepc-common libepc-ui-1.0-2 libfreerdp-plugins-standard
9673   libfreerdp0 libgail-common libgconf2.0-cil libgdata-common libgdata7
9674   libgdl-1-common libgdu-gtk0 libgee2 libgeoclue0 libgexiv2-0 libgif4
9675   libglade2.0-cil libglib2.0-cil libgmime2.4-cil libgnome-vfs2.0-cil
9676   libgnome2.24-cil libgnomepanel2.24-cil libgnomeprint2.2-data
9677   libgnomeprintui2.2-common libgnomevfs2-bin libgpod-common libgpod4
9678   libgtk2.0-cil libgtkglext1 libgtksourceview-common
9679   libgtksourceview2.0-common libmono-addins-gui0.2-cil
9680   libmono-addins0.2-cil libmono-cairo2.0-cil libmono-corlib2.0-cil
9681   libmono-i18n-west2.0-cil libmono-posix2.0-cil
9682   libmono-security2.0-cil libmono-sharpzip2.84-cil
9683   libmono-system2.0-cil libmtp8 libmusicbrainz3-6
9684   libndesk-dbus-glib1.0-cil libndesk-dbus1.0-cil libopal3.6.8
9685   libpolkit-gtk-1-0 libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa
9686   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libpt2.6.7 libpython2.6 librpm1 librpmio1
9687   libsdl1.2debian libservlet2.4-java libsrtp0 libssh-4
9688   libtelepathy-farsight0 libtelepathy-glib0 libtidy-0.99-0
9689   libxalan2-java libxerces2-java media-player-info mesa-utils
9690   mono-2.0-gac mono-gac mono-runtime nautilus-sendto
9691   nautilus-sendto-empathy openoffice.org-writer2latex
9692   openssl-blacklist p7zip p7zip-full pkg-config python-4suite-xml
9693   python-aptdaemon python-aptdaemon-gtk python-axiom
9694   python-beautifulsoup python-bugbuddy python-clientform
9695   python-coherence python-configobj python-crypto python-cupshelpers
9696   python-cupsutils python-eggtrayicon python-elementtree
9697   python-epsilon python-evolution python-feedparser python-gdata
9698   python-gdbm python-gst0.10 python-gtkglext1 python-gtkmozembed
9699   python-gtksourceview2 python-httplib2 python-louie python-mako
9700   python-markupsafe python-mechanize python-nevow python-notify
9701   python-opengl python-openssl python-pam python-pkg-resources
9702   python-pyasn1 python-pysqlite2 python-rdflib python-serial
9703   python-tagpy python-twisted-bin python-twisted-conch
9704   python-twisted-core python-twisted-web python-utidylib python-webkit
9705   python-xdg python-zope.interface remmina remmina-plugin-data
9706   remmina-plugin-rdp remmina-plugin-vnc rhythmbox-plugin-cdrecorder
9707   rhythmbox-plugins rpm-common rpm2cpio seahorse-plugins shotwell
9708   software-center svgalibg1 system-config-printer-udev
9709   telepathy-gabble telepathy-mission-control-5 telepathy-salut tomboy
9710   totem totem-coherence totem-mozilla totem-plugins
9711   transmission-common xdg-user-dirs xdg-user-dirs-gtk xserver-xephyr
9712   zip
9713 </p></blockquote>
9714
9715 Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude
9716
9717 <blockquote><p>
9718   arj bluez-utils cheese dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop ekiga eog
9719   epiphany-extensions epiphany-gecko evolution-exchange
9720   fast-user-switch-applet file-roller gcalctool gconf-editor gdm gedit
9721   gedit-common gnome-app-install gnome-games gnome-games-data
9722   gnome-nettool gnome-system-tools gnome-themes gnome-utils
9723   gnome-vfs-obexftp gnome-volume-manager gnuchess gucharmap
9724   guile-1.8-libs hal libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5
9725   libavahi-ui0 libbind9-50 libbluetooth2 libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7
9726   libcucul0 libcurl3 libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdmx1 libdvdread3
9727   libedata-cal1.2-6 libedataserver1.2-9 libeel2-2.20 libepc-1.0-1
9728   libepc-ui-1.0-1 libexchange-storage1.2-3 libfaad0 libgadu3
9729   libgalago3 libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libggz2 libggzcore9
9730   libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0 libgnome-desktop-2
9731   libgnome-pilot2 libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomeprint2.2-0
9732   libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtk-vnc-1.0-0
9733   libgtkhtml2-0 libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgtksourceview2.0-0
9734   libgucharmap6 libhesiod0 libicu38 libisccc50 libisccfg50 libiw29
9735   libjaxp1.3-java-gcj libkpathsea4 liblircclient0 libltdl3 liblwres50
9736   libmagick++10 libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmozjs1d libmpfr1ldbl libmtp7
9737   libmysqlclient15off libnautilus-burn4 libneon27 libnm-glib0
9738   libnm-util0 libopal-2.2 libosp5 libparted1.8-10 libpisock9
9739   libpisync1 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3 libpt-1.10.10 libraw1394-8
9740   libsdl1.2debian-alsa libsensors3 libsexy2 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8
9741   libspeexdsp1 libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libsvga1
9742   libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1 libtotem-plparser10 libtrackerclient0
9743   libvoikko1 libxalan2-java-gcj libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12
9744   libxtrap6 libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3 mysql-common rhythmbox seahorse
9745   sound-juicer swfdec-gnome system-config-printer totem-common
9746   totem-gstreamer transmission-gtk vinagre vino w3c-dtd-xhtml wodim
9747 </p></blockquote>
9748
9749 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
9750
9751 <blockquote><p>
9752   gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
9753 </p></blockquote>
9754
9755 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
9756
9757 <blockquote><p>
9758 [nothing]
9759 </p></blockquote>
9760
9761 <p>This is for KDE:</p>
9762
9763 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
9764
9765 <blockquote><p>
9766   autopoint bomber bovo cantor cantor-backend-kalgebra cpp-4.3 dcoprss
9767   edict espeak espeak-data eyesapplet fifteenapplet finger gettext
9768   ghostscript-x git gnome-audio gnugo granatier gs-common
9769   gstreamer0.10-pulseaudio indi kaddressbook-plugins kalgebra
9770   kalzium-data kanjidic kapman kate-plugins kblocks kbreakout kbstate
9771   kde-icons-mono kdeaccessibility kdeaddons-kfile-plugins
9772   kdeadmin-kfile-plugins kdeartwork-misc kdeartwork-theme-window
9773   kdeedu kdeedu-data kdeedu-kvtml-data kdegames kdegames-card-data
9774   kdegames-mahjongg-data kdegraphics-kfile-plugins kdelirc
9775   kdemultimedia-kfile-plugins kdenetwork-kfile-plugins
9776   kdepim-kfile-plugins kdepim-kio-plugins kdessh kdetoys kdewebdev
9777   kdiamond kdnssd kfilereplace kfourinline kgeography-data kigo
9778   killbots kiriki klettres-data kmoon kmrml knewsticker-scripts
9779   kollision kpf krosspython ksirk ksmserver ksquares kstars-data
9780   ksudoku kubrick kweather libasound2-plugins libboost-python1.42.0
9781   libcfitsio3 libconvert-binhex-perl libcrypt-ssleay-perl libdb4.6++
9782   libdjvulibre-text libdotconf1.0 liberror-perl libespeak1
9783   libfinance-quote-perl libgail-common libgsl0ldbl libhtml-parser-perl
9784   libhtml-tableextract-perl libhtml-tagset-perl libhtml-tree-perl
9785   libio-stringy-perl libkdeedu4 libkdegames5 libkiten4 libkpathsea5
9786   libkrossui4 libmailtools-perl libmime-tools-perl
9787   libnews-nntpclient-perl libopenbabel3 libportaudio2 libpulse-browse0
9788   libservlet2.4-java libspeechd2 libtiff-tools libtimedate-perl
9789   libunistring0 liburi-perl libwww-perl libxalan2-java libxerces2-java
9790   lirc luatex marble networkstatus noatun-plugins
9791   openoffice.org-writer2latex palapeli palapeli-data parley
9792   parley-data poster psutils pulseaudio pulseaudio-esound-compat
9793   pulseaudio-module-x11 pulseaudio-utils quanta-data rocs rsync
9794   speech-dispatcher step svgalibg1 texlive-binaries texlive-luatex
9795   ttf-sazanami-gothic
9796 </p></blockquote>
9797
9798 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
9799
9800 <blockquote><p>
9801   amor artsbuilder atlantik atlantikdesigner blinken bluez-utils cvs
9802   dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop imlib-base imlib11 kalzium kanagram kandy
9803   kasteroids katomic kbackgammon kbattleship kblackbox kbounce kbruch
9804   kcron kdat kdemultimedia-kappfinder-data kdeprint kdict kdvi kedit
9805   keduca kenolaba kfax kfaxview kfouleggs kgeography kghostview
9806   kgoldrunner khangman khexedit kiconedit kig kimagemapeditor
9807   kitchensync kiten kjumpingcube klatin klettres klickety klines
9808   klinkstatus kmag kmahjongg kmailcvt kmenuedit kmid kmilo kmines
9809   kmousetool kmouth kmplot knetwalk kodo kolf kommander konquest kooka
9810   kpager kpat kpdf kpercentage kpilot kpoker kpovmodeler krec
9811   kregexpeditor kreversi ksame ksayit kshisen ksig ksim ksirc ksirtet
9812   ksmiletris ksnake ksokoban kspaceduel kstars ksvg ksysv kteatime
9813   ktip ktnef ktouch ktron kttsd ktuberling kturtle ktux kuickshow
9814   kverbos kview kviewshell kvoctrain kwifimanager kwin kwin4 kwordquiz
9815   kworldclock kxsldbg libakode2 libarts1-akode libarts1-audiofile
9816   libarts1-mpeglib libarts1-xine libavahi-compat-libdnssd1
9817   libavahi-core5 libavc1394-0 libbind9-50 libbluetooth2
9818   libboost-python1.34.1 libcucul0 libcurl3 libcvsservice0
9819   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdjvulibre21 libdvdread3 libfaad0 libfreebob0
9820   libgd2-noxpm libgraphviz4 libgsmme1c2a libgtkhtml2-0 libicu38
9821   libiec61883-0 libindex0 libisccc50 libisccfg50 libiw29
9822   libjaxp1.3-java-gcj libk3b3 libkcal2b libkcddb1 libkdeedu3
9823   libkdegames1 libkdepim1a libkgantt0 libkleopatra1 libkmime2
9824   libkpathsea4 libkpimexchange1 libkpimidentities1 libkscan1
9825   libksieve0 libktnef1 liblockdev1 libltdl3 liblwres50 libmagick10
9826   libmimelib1c2a libmodplug0c2 libmozjs1d libmpcdec3 libmpfr1ldbl
9827   libneon27 libnm-util0 libopensync0 libpisock9 libpoppler-glib3
9828   libpoppler-qt2 libpoppler3 libraw1394-8 librss1 libsensors3
9829   libsmbios2 libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90
9830   libtalloc1 libxalan2-java-gcj libxerces2-java-gcj libxtrap6 lskat
9831   mpeglib network-manager-kde noatun pmount tex-common texlive-base
9832   texlive-common texlive-doc-base texlive-fonts-recommended tidy
9833   ttf-dustin ttf-kochi-gothic ttf-sjfonts
9834 </p></blockquote>
9835
9836 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
9837
9838 <blockquote><p>
9839   dolphin kde-core kde-plasma-desktop kde-standard kde-window-manager
9840   kdeartwork kdebase kdebase-apps kdebase-workspace
9841   kdebase-workspace-bin kdebase-workspace-data kdeutils kscreensaver
9842   kscreensaver-xsavers libgle3 libkonq5 libkonq5-templates libnetpbm10
9843   netpbm plasma-widget-folderview plasma-widget-networkmanagement
9844   xscreensaver-data-extra xscreensaver-gl xscreensaver-gl-extra
9845   xscreensaver-screensaver-bsod
9846 </p></blockquote>
9847
9848 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
9849
9850 <blockquote><p>
9851   kdebase-bin konq-plugins konqueror
9852 </p></blockquote>
9853
9854       </div>
9855       <div class="tags">
9856
9857
9858         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
9859
9860
9861       </div>
9862     </div>
9863     <div class="padding"></div>
9864
9865     <div class="entry">
9866       <div class="title">
9867         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gnash_buildbot_slave_and_Debian_kfreebsd.html">Gnash buildbot slave and Debian kfreebsd</a>
9868       </div>
9869       <div class="date">
9870         20th November 2010
9871       </div>
9872       <div class="body">
9873         <p>Answering
9874 <a href="http://www.listware.net/201011/gnash-dev/67431-gnash-dev-buildbot-looking-for-slaves.html">the
9875 call from the Gnash project</a> for
9876 <a href="http://www.gnashdev.org:8010">buildbot</a> slaves to test the
9877 current source, I have set up a virtual KVM machine on the Debian
9878 Edu/Skolelinux virtualization host to test the git source on
9879 Debian/Squeeze.  I hope this can help the developers in getting new
9880 releases out more often.</p>
9881
9882 <p>As the developers want less main-stream build platforms tested to,
9883 I have considered setting up a <a
9884 href="http://www.debian.org/ports/kfreebsd-gnu/">Debian/kfreebsd</a>
9885 machine as well.  I have also considered using the kfreebsd
9886 architecture in Debian as a file server in NUUG to get access to the 5
9887 TB zfs volume we currently use to store DV video.  Because of this, I
9888 finally got around to do a test installation of Debian/Squeeze with
9889 kfreebsd.  Installation went fairly smooth, thought I noticed some
9890 visual glitches in the cdebconf dialogs (black cursor left on the
9891 screen at random locations).  Have not gotten very far with the
9892 testing.  Noticed cfdisk did not work, but fdisk did so it was not a
9893 fatal problem.  Have to spend some more time on it to see if it is
9894 useful as a file server for NUUG.  Will try to find time to set up a
9895 gnash buildbot slave on the Debian Edu/Skolelinux this weekend.</p>
9896
9897       </div>
9898       <div class="tags">
9899
9900
9901         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
9902
9903
9904       </div>
9905     </div>
9906     <div class="padding"></div>
9907
9908     <div class="entry">
9909       <div class="title">
9910         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Making_room_on_the_Debian_Edu_Sqeeze_DVD.html">Making room on the Debian Edu/Sqeeze DVD</a>
9911       </div>
9912       <div class="date">
9913          7th November 2010
9914       </div>
9915       <div class="body">
9916         <p>Prioritising packages for the Debian Edu /
9917 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> DVD, which is
9918 supposed provide a school with all the services and user applications
9919 needed on the pupils computer network has always been hard.  Even
9920 schools without Internet connections should be able to get Debian Edu
9921 working using this DVD.</p>
9922
9923 <p>The job became a lot harder when apt and aptitude started
9924 installing recommended packages by default.  We want the same set of
9925 packages to be installed when using the DVD and the netinst CD, and
9926 that means all recommended packages need to be on the DVD.  I created
9927 a patch for debian-cd in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/601203">BTS
9928 report #601203</a> to do this, and since this change was applied to
9929 the Debian Edu DVD build, we have been seriously short on space.</p>
9930
9931 <p>A few days ago we decided to drop blender, wxmaxima and kicad from
9932 the default installation to save space on the DVD, believing that
9933 those needing these applications are few and can get them from the
9934 Debian archive.</p>
9935
9936 <p>Yesterday, I had a look what source packages to see which packages
9937 were using most space.  A few large packages are well know;
9938 openoffice.org, openclipart and fluid-soundfont.  But I also
9939 discovered that lilypond used 106 MiB and fglrx-driver used 53 MiB.
9940 The lilypond package is pulled in as a dependency for rosegarden, and
9941 when looking a bit closer I discovered that 99 MiB of the 106 MiB were
9942 the documentation package, which is recommended by the binary package.
9943 I decided to drop this documentation package from our DVD, as most of
9944 our users will use the GUI front-ends and do not need the lilypond
9945 documentation.  Similarly, I dropped the non-free fglrx-driver package
9946 which might be installed by d-i when its hardware is detected, as the
9947 free X driver should work.</p>
9948
9949 <p>With this change, we finally got space for the LXDE and Gnome
9950 desktop packages as well as the language specific packages making the
9951 DVD more useful again.</p>
9952
9953       </div>
9954       <div class="tags">
9955
9956
9957         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
9958
9959
9960       </div>
9961     </div>
9962     <div class="padding"></div>
9963
9964     <div class="entry">
9965       <div class="title">
9966         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Software_updates_2010_10_24.html">Software updates 2010-10-24</a>
9967       </div>
9968       <div class="date">
9969         24th October 2010
9970       </div>
9971       <div class="body">
9972         <p>Some updates.</p>
9973
9974 <p>My <a href="http://pledgebank.com/gnash-avm2">gnash pledge</a> to
9975 raise money for the project is going well.  The lower limit of 10
9976 signers was reached in 24 hours, and so far 13 people have signed it.
9977 More signers and more funding is most welcome, and I am really curious
9978 how far we can get before the time limit of December 24 is reached.
9979 :)</p>
9980
9981 <p>On the #gnash IRC channel on irc.freenode.net, I was just tipped
9982 about what appear to be a great code coverage tool capable of
9983 generating code coverage stats without any changes to the source code.
9984 It is called
9985 <a href="http://simonkagstrom.github.com/kcov/index.html">kcov</a>,
9986 and can be used using <tt>kcov &lt;directory&gt; &lt;binary&gt;</tt>.
9987 It is missing in Debian, but the git source built just fine in Squeeze
9988 after I installed libelf-dev, libdwarf-dev, pkg-config and
9989 libglib2.0-dev.  Failed to build in Lenny, but suspect that is
9990 solvable.  I hope kcov make it into Debian soon.</p>
9991
9992 <p>Finally found time to wrap up the release notes for <a
9993 href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2010/10/msg00002.html">a
9994 new alpha release of Debian Edu</a>, and just published the second
9995 alpha test release of the Squeeze based Debian Edu /
9996 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>
9997 release.  Give it a try if you need a complete linux solution for your
9998 school, including central infrastructure server, workstations, thin
9999 client servers and diskless workstations.  A nice touch added
10000 yesterday is RDP support on the thin client servers, for windows
10001 clients to get a Linux desktop on request.</p>
10002
10003       </div>
10004       <div class="tags">
10005
10006
10007         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>.
10008
10009
10010       </div>
10011     </div>
10012     <div class="padding"></div>
10013
10014     <div class="entry">
10015       <div class="title">
10016         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Some_notes_on_Flash_in_Debian_and_Debian_Edu.html">Some notes on Flash in Debian and Debian Edu</a>
10017       </div>
10018       <div class="date">
10019          4th September 2010
10020       </div>
10021       <div class="body">
10022         <p>In the <a href="http://popcon.debian.org/unknown/by_vote">Debian
10023 popularity-contest numbers</a>, the adobe-flashplugin package the
10024 second most popular used package that is missing in Debian.  The sixth
10025 most popular is flashplayer-mozilla.  This is a clear indication that
10026 working flash is important for Debian users.  Around 10 percent of the
10027 users submitting data to popcon.debian.org have this package
10028 installed.</p>
10029
10030 <p>In the report written by Lars Risan in August 2008
10031 («<a href="http://wiki.skolelinux.no/Dokumentasjon/Rapporter?action=AttachFile&do=view&target=Skolelinux_i_bruk_rapport_1.0.pdf">Skolelinux
10032 i bruk – Rapport for Hurum kommune, Universitetet i Agder og
10033 stiftelsen SLX Debian Labs</a>»), one of the most important problems
10034 schools experienced with <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian
10035 Edu/Skolelinux</a> was the lack of working Flash.  A lot of educational
10036 web sites require Flash to work, and lacking working Flash support in
10037 the web browser and the problems with installing it was perceived as a
10038 good reason to stay with Windows.</p>
10039
10040 <p>I once saw a funny and sad comment in a web forum, where Linux was
10041 said to be the retarded cousin that did not really understand
10042 everything you told him but could work fairly well.  This was a
10043 comment regarding the problems Linux have with proprietary formats and
10044 non-standard web pages, and is sad because it exposes a fairly common
10045 understanding of whose fault it is if web pages that only work in for
10046 example Internet Explorer 6 fail to work on Firefox, and funny because
10047 it explain very well how annoying it is for users when Linux
10048 distributions do not work with the documents they receive or the web
10049 pages they want to visit.</p>
10050
10051 <p>This is part of the reason why I believe it is important for Debian
10052 and Debian Edu to have a well working Flash implementation in the
10053 distribution, to get at least popular sites as Youtube and Google
10054 Video to working out of the box.  For Squeeze, Debian have the chance
10055 to include the latest version of Gnash that will make this happen, as
10056 the new release 0.8.8 was published a few weeks ago and is resting in
10057 unstable.  The new version work with more sites that version 0.8.7.
10058 The Gnash maintainers have asked for a freeze exception, but the
10059 release team have not had time to reply to it yet.  I hope they agree
10060 with me that Flash is important for the Debian desktop users, and thus
10061 accept the new package into Squeeze.</p>
10062
10063       </div>
10064       <div class="tags">
10065
10066
10067         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
10068
10069
10070       </div>
10071     </div>
10072     <div class="padding"></div>
10073
10074     <div class="entry">
10075       <div class="title">
10076         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_hard_link_handling_with_sshfs.html">Broken hard link handling with sshfs</a>
10077       </div>
10078       <div class="date">
10079         30th August 2010
10080       </div>
10081       <div class="body">
10082         <p>Just got an email from Tobias Gruetzmacher as a followup on my
10083 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_umask_handling_with_sshfs.html">previous
10084 post about sshfs</a>.  He reported another problem with sshfs.  It
10085 fail to handle hard links properly.  A simple way to spot this is to
10086 look at the . and .. entries in the directory tree.  These should have
10087 a link count >1, but on sshfs the count is 1.  I just tested to see
10088 what happen when trying to hardlink, and this fail as well:</p>
10089
10090 <pre>
10091 % ln foo bar
10092 ln: creating hard link `bar' => `foo': Function not implemented
10093 %
10094 </pre>
10095
10096 <p>I have not yet found time to implement a test for this in my file
10097 system test code, but believe having working hard links is useful to
10098 avoid surprised unix programs.  Not as useful as working file locking
10099 and symlinks, which are required to get a working desktop, but useful
10100 nevertheless. :)</p>
10101
10102 <p>The latest version of the file system test code is available via
10103 git from
10104 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a></p>
10105
10106       </div>
10107       <div class="tags">
10108
10109
10110         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10111
10112
10113       </div>
10114     </div>
10115     <div class="padding"></div>
10116
10117     <div class="entry">
10118       <div class="title">
10119         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_i_Osloskolen.html">Skolelinux i Osloskolen</a>
10120       </div>
10121       <div class="date">
10122         26th August 2010
10123       </div>
10124       <div class="body">
10125         <p>Denne høsten skal endelig alle Osloskolene få mulighet til å bruke
10126 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>.  Ny IT-løsning
10127 har vært rullet ut i noen måneder nå, og så vidt jeg fikk vite før
10128 sommeren skulle alle skoler ha nytt opplegg på plass før oppstart nå i
10129 høst.  På alle skolene skal en kunne velge ved installasjon om en skal
10130 ha Windows eller Skolelinux på maskinene, og en kan i tillegg
10131 PXE-boote maskinene over nett som tynne klienter eller diskløse
10132 arbeidsstasjoner. Jeg er spent på hvor mange skoler som velger å ta i
10133 bruk Skolelinux, og gleder meg til å se hvordan dette utvikler seg.
10134 Løsningen leveres av
10135 <a href="http://www.logica.no/">Logica</a> med
10136 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a> som
10137 underleverandør, og jeg har vært involvert i utviklingen av løsningen
10138 via Skolelinux Drift AS siden prosjektet starter.  Jeg synes det er
10139 fantastisk at Skolelinux er kommet så langt siden vi startet i 2001 at
10140 alle elevene i Osloskolene nå skal få mulighet til å bruke
10141 løsningen.  Jeg håper de vil sette pris på alle de
10142 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.no/linux-signpost/">fantastiske
10143 brukerprogrammene</a> som er tilgjengelig i Skolelinux.</p>
10144
10145       </div>
10146       <div class="tags">
10147
10148
10149         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
10150
10151
10152       </div>
10153     </div>
10154     <div class="padding"></div>
10155
10156     <div class="entry">
10157       <div class="title">
10158         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_umask_handling_with_sshfs.html">Broken umask handling with sshfs</a>
10159       </div>
10160       <div class="date">
10161         26th August 2010
10162       </div>
10163       <div class="body">
10164         <p>My file system sematics program
10165 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Testing_if_a_file_system_can_be_used_for_home_directories___.html">presented
10166 a few days ago</a> is very useful to verify that a file system can
10167 work as a unix home directory,and today I had to extend it a bit.  I'm
10168 looking into alternatives for home directory access here at the
10169 University of Oslo, and one of the options is sshfs.  My friend
10170 Finn-Arne mentioned a while back that they had used sshfs with Debian
10171 Edu, but stopped because of problems.  I asked today what the problems
10172 where, and he mentioned that sshfs failed to handle umask properly.
10173 Trying to detect the problem I wrote this addition to my fs testing
10174 script:</p>
10175
10176 <pre>
10177 mode_t touch_get_mode(const char *name, mode_t mode) {
10178   mode_t retval = 0;
10179   int fd = open(name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_LARGEFILE, mode);
10180   if (-1 != fd) {
10181     unlink(name);
10182     struct stat statbuf;
10183     if (-1 != fstat(fd, &statbuf)) {
10184       retval = statbuf.st_mode & 0x1ff;
10185     }
10186     close(fd);
10187   }
10188   return retval;
10189 }
10190
10191 /* Try to detect problem discovered using sshfs */
10192 int test_umask(void) {
10193   printf("info: testing umask effect on file creation\n");
10194
10195   mode_t orig_umask = umask(000);
10196   mode_t newmode;
10197   if (0666 != (newmode = touch_get_mode("foobar", 0666))) {
10198     printf("  error: Wrong file mode %o when creating using mode 666 and umask 000\n",
10199            newmode);
10200   }
10201   umask(007);
10202   if (0660 != (newmode = touch_get_mode("foobar", 0666))) {
10203     printf("  error: Wrong file mode %o when creating using mode 666 and umask 007\n",
10204            newmode);
10205   }
10206
10207   umask (orig_umask);
10208   return 0;
10209 }
10210
10211 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
10212   [...]
10213   test_umask();
10214   return 0;
10215 }
10216 </pre>
10217
10218 <p>Sure enough.  On NFS to a netapp, I get this result:</p>
10219
10220 <pre>
10221 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
10222 info: testing symlink creation
10223 info: testing subdirectory creation
10224 info: testing fcntl locking
10225   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
10226   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
10227   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
10228   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
10229   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
10230   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
10231 info: testing umask effect on file creation
10232 </pre>
10233
10234 <p>When mounting the same directory using sshfs, I get this
10235 result:</p>
10236
10237 <pre>
10238 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
10239 info: testing symlink creation
10240 info: testing subdirectory creation
10241 info: testing fcntl locking
10242   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
10243   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
10244   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
10245   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
10246   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
10247   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
10248 info: testing umask effect on file creation
10249   error: Wrong file mode 644 when creating using mode 666 and umask 000
10250   error: Wrong file mode 640 when creating using mode 666 and umask 007
10251 </pre>
10252
10253 <p>So, I can conclude that sshfs is better than smb to a Netapp or a
10254 Windows server, but not good enough to be used as a home
10255 directory.</p>
10256
10257 <p>Update 2010-08-26: Reported the issue in
10258 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/594498">BTS report #594498</a></p>
10259
10260 <p>Update 2010-08-27: Michael Gebetsroither report that he found the
10261 script so useful that he created a GIT repository and stored it in
10262 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a>.</p>
10263
10264       </div>
10265       <div class="tags">
10266
10267
10268         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10269
10270
10271       </div>
10272     </div>
10273     <div class="padding"></div>
10274
10275     <div class="entry">
10276       <div class="title">
10277         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/No_hardcoded_config_on_Debian_Edu_clients.html">No hardcoded config on Debian Edu clients</a>
10278       </div>
10279       <div class="date">
10280          9th August 2010
10281       </div>
10282       <div class="body">
10283         <p>As reported earlier, the last few days I have looked at how Debian
10284 Edu clients are configured, and tried to get rid of all hardcoded
10285 configuration settings on the clients.  I believe the work to be
10286 mostly done, and the clients seem to work just fine with dynamically
10287 generated configuration.</p>
10288
10289 <p>What is the point, you might ask?  The point is to allow a Debian
10290 Edu desktop to integrate into an existing network infrastructure
10291 without any manual configuration.</p>
10292
10293 <p>This is what happens when installing a Debian Edu client here at
10294 the University of Oslo using PXE.  With the PXE installation, I am
10295 asked for language (Norwegian Bokmål), locality (Norway) and keyboard
10296 layout (no-latin1), Debian Edu profile (Roaming Workstation), if I
10297 accept to reformat the hard drive (yes), if I want to submit info to
10298 popcon.debian.org (no) and root password (secret).  After answering
10299 these questions, the installer goes ahead and does its thing, and
10300 after around 50 minutes it is done.  I press enter to finish the
10301 installation, and the machine reboots into KDE.  When the machine is
10302 ready and kdm asks for login information, I enter my university
10303 username and password, am told by kdm that a local home directory has
10304 been created and that I must log in again, and finally log in with the
10305 same username and password to the KDE 4.4 desktop.  At no point during
10306 this process did it ask for university specific settings, and all the
10307 required configuration was dynamically detected using information
10308 fetched via DHCP and DNS.  The roaming workstation is now ready for
10309 use.</p>
10310
10311 <p>How was this done, you might wonder?  First of all, here is the
10312 list of things that need to be configured on the client to get it
10313 working properly out of the box:</p>
10314
10315 <ul>
10316 <li>IP address/netmask and DNS server.</li>
10317 <li>Web proxy URL.</li>
10318 <li>LDAP server for NSS directory information (user, group, etc).</li>
10319 <li>Kerberos server for PAM password checking.</li>
10320 <li>SMB mount point to access the network home directory. (*)</li>
10321 <li>Central syslog server to send syslog messages to. (*)</li>
10322 <li>Sitesummary collector URL to submit info to central server. (*)</li>
10323 </ul>
10324
10325 <p>(Hm, did I forget anything?  Let me knew if I did.)</p>
10326
10327 <p>The points marked (*) are not required to be able to use the
10328 machine, but needed to provide central storage and allowing system
10329 administrators to track their machines.  Since yesterday, everything
10330 but the sitesummary collector URL is dynamically discovered at boot
10331 and installation time in the svn version of Debian Edu.</p>
10332
10333 <p>The IP and DNS setup is fetched during boot using DHCP as usual.
10334 When a DHCP update arrives, the proxy setup is updated by looking for
10335 http://wpat/wpad.dat and using the content of this WPAD file to
10336 configure the http and ftp proxy in /etc/environment and
10337 /etc/apt/apt.conf.  I decided to update the proxy setup using a DHCP
10338 hook to ensure that the client stops using the Debian Edu proxy when
10339 it is moved outside the Debian Edu network, and instead uses any local
10340 proxy present on the new network when it moves around.</p>
10341
10342 <p>The DNS names of the LDAP, Kerberos and syslog server and related
10343 configuration are generated using DNS information at boot.  First the
10344 installer looks for a host named ldap in the current DNS domain.  If
10345 not found, it looks for _ldap._tcp SRV records in DNS instead.  If an
10346 LDAP server is found, its root DSE entry is requested and the
10347 attributes namingContexts and defaultNamingContext are used to
10348 determine which LDAP base to use for NSS.  If there are several
10349 namingContexts attibutes and the defaultNamingContext is present, that
10350 LDAP subtree is used as the base.  If defaultNamingContext is missing,
10351 the subtrees listed as namingContexts are searched in sequence for any
10352 object with class posixAccount or posixGroup, and the first one with
10353 such an object is used as the LDAP base.  For Kerberos, a similar
10354 search is done by first looking for a host named kerberos, and then
10355 for the _kerberos._tcp SRV record.  I've been unable to find a way to
10356 look up the Kerberos realm, so for this the upper case string of the
10357 current DNS domain is used.</p>
10358
10359 <p>For the syslog server, the hosts syslog and loghost are searched
10360 for, and the _syslog._udp SRV record is consulted if no such host is
10361 found.  This algorithm works for both Debian Edu and the University of
10362 Oslo.  A similar strategy would work for locating the sitesummary
10363 server, but have not been implemented yet.  I decided to fetch and
10364 save these settings during installation, to make sure moving to a
10365 different network does not change the set of users being allowed to
10366 log in nor the passwords required to log in.  Usernames and passwords
10367 will be cached by sssd when the user logs in on the Debian Edu
10368 network, and will not change as the laptop move around.  For a
10369 non-roaming machine, there is no caching, but given that it is
10370 supposed to stay in place it should not matter much.  Perhaps we
10371 should switch those to use sssd too?</p>
10372
10373 <p>The user's SMB mount point for the network home directory is
10374 located when the user logs in for the first time.  The LDAP server is
10375 consulted to look for the user's LDAP object and the sambaHomePath
10376 attribute is used if found.  If it isn't found, the home directory
10377 path fetched from NSS is used instead.  Assuming the path is of the
10378 form /site/server/directory/username, the second part is looked up in
10379 DNS and used to generate a SMB URL of the form
10380 smb://server.domain/username.  This algorithm works for both Debian
10381 edu and the University of Oslo.  Perhaps there are better attributes
10382 to use or a better algorithm that works for more sites, but this will
10383 do for now. :)</p>
10384
10385 <p>This work should make it easier to integrate the Debian Edu clients
10386 into any LDAP/Kerberos infrastructure, and make the current setup even
10387 more flexible than before.  I suspect it will also work for thin
10388 client servers, allowing one to easily set up LTSP and hook it into a
10389 existing network infrastructure, but I have not had time to test this
10390 yet.</p>
10391
10392 <p>If you want to help out with implementing these things for Debian
10393 Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
10394
10395 <p>Update 2010-08-09: Simon Farnsworth gave me a heads-up on how to
10396 detect Kerberos realm from DNS, by looking for _kerberos TXT entries
10397 before falling back to the upper case DNS domain name.  Will have to
10398 implement it for Debian Edu. :)</p>
10399
10400       </div>
10401       <div class="tags">
10402
10403
10404         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10405
10406
10407       </div>
10408     </div>
10409     <div class="padding"></div>
10410
10411     <div class="entry">
10412       <div class="title">
10413         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Testing_if_a_file_system_can_be_used_for_home_directories___.html">Testing if a file system can be used for home directories...</a>
10414       </div>
10415       <div class="date">
10416          8th August 2010
10417       </div>
10418       <div class="body">
10419         <p>A few years ago, I was involved in a project planning to use
10420 Windows file servers as home directory servers for Debian
10421 Edu/Skolelinux machines.  This was thought to be no problem, as the
10422 access would be through the SMB network file system protocol, and we
10423 knew other sites used SMB with unix and samba as the file server to
10424 mount home directories without any problems.  But, after months of
10425 struggling, we had to conclude that our goal was impossible.</p>
10426
10427 <p>The reason is simply that while SMB can be used for home
10428 directories when the file server is Samba running on Unix, this only
10429 work because of Samba have some extensions and the fact that the
10430 underlying file system is a unix file system.  When using a Windows
10431 file server, the underlying file system do not have POSIX semantics,
10432 and several programs will fail if the users home directory where they
10433 want to store their configuration lack POSIX semantics.</p>
10434
10435 <p>As part of this work, I wrote a small C program I want to share
10436 with you all, to replicate a few of the problematic applications (like
10437 OpenOffice.org and GCompris) and see if the file system was working as
10438 it should.  If you find yourself in spooky file system land, it might
10439 help you find your way out again.  This is the fs-test.c source:</p>
10440
10441 <pre>
10442 /*
10443  * Some tests to check the file system sematics.  Used to verify that
10444  * CIFS from a windows server do not work properly as a linux home
10445  * directory.
10446  * License: GPL v2 or later
10447  *
10448  * needs libsqlite3-dev and build-essential installed
10449  * compile with: gcc -Wall -lsqlite3 -DTEST_SQLITE fs-test.c -o fs-test
10450 */
10451
10452 #define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS 64
10453 #define _LARGEFILE_SOURCE 1
10454 #define _LARGEFILE64_SOURCE 1
10455
10456 #define _GNU_SOURCE /* for asprintf() */
10457
10458 #include &lt;errno.h>
10459 #include &lt;fcntl.h>
10460 #include &lt;stdio.h>
10461 #include &lt;string.h>
10462 #include &lt;stdlib.h>
10463 #include &lt;sys/file.h>
10464 #include &lt;sys/stat.h>
10465 #include &lt;sys/types.h>
10466 #include &lt;unistd.h>
10467
10468 #ifdef TEST_SQLITE
10469 /*
10470  * Test sqlite open, as done by gcompris require the libsqlite3-dev
10471  * package and linking with -lsqlite3.  A more low level test is
10472  * below.
10473  * See also &lt;URL: http://www.sqlite.org./faq.html#q5 >.
10474  */
10475 #include &lt;sqlite3.h>
10476 #define CREATE_TABLE_USERS                                              \
10477   "CREATE TABLE users (user_id INT UNIQUE, login TEXT, lastname TEXT, firstname TEXT, birthdate TEXT, class_id INT ); "
10478 int test_sqlite_open(void) {
10479   char *zErrMsg;
10480   char *name = "testsqlite.db";
10481   sqlite3 *db=NULL;
10482   unlink(name);
10483   int rc = sqlite3_open(name, &db);
10484   if( rc ){
10485     printf("error: sqlite open of %s failed: %s\n", name, sqlite3_errmsg(db));
10486     sqlite3_close(db);
10487     return -1;
10488   }
10489
10490   /* create tables */
10491   rc = sqlite3_exec(db,CREATE_TABLE_USERS, NULL,  0, &zErrMsg);
10492   if( rc != SQLITE_OK ){
10493     printf("error: sqlite table create failed: %s\n", zErrMsg);
10494     sqlite3_close(db);
10495     return -1;
10496   }
10497   printf("info: sqlite worked\n");
10498   sqlite3_close(db);
10499   return 0;
10500 }
10501 #endif /* TEST_SQLITE */
10502
10503 /*
10504  * Demonstrate locking issue found in gcompris using sqlite3.  This
10505  * work with ext3, but not with cifs server on Windows 2003.  This is
10506  * done in the sqlite3 library.
10507  * See also
10508  * &lt;URL:http://www.cygwin.com/ml/cygwin/2001-08/msg00854.html> and the
10509  * POSIX specification
10510  * &lt;URL:http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/fcntl.html>.
10511  */
10512 int test_gcompris_locking(void) {
10513   struct flock fl;
10514   char *name = "testsqlite.db";
10515   unlink(name);
10516   int fd = open(name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_LARGEFILE, 0644);
10517   printf("info: testing fcntl locking\n");
10518
10519   fl.l_whence = SEEK_SET;
10520   fl.l_pid    = getpid();
10521   printf("  Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824");
10522   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
10523   fl.l_len    = 1;
10524   fl.l_type   = F_RDLCK;
10525   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
10526
10527   printf("  Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826");
10528   fl.l_start  = 1073741826;
10529   fl.l_len    = 510;
10530   fl.l_type   = F_RDLCK;
10531   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
10532
10533   printf("  Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824");
10534   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
10535   fl.l_len    = 1;
10536   fl.l_type   = F_UNLCK;
10537   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
10538
10539   printf("  Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824");
10540   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
10541   fl.l_len    = 1;
10542   fl.l_type   = F_WRLCK;
10543   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
10544
10545   printf("  Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826");
10546   fl.l_start  = 1073741826;
10547   fl.l_len    = 510;
10548   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
10549
10550   printf("  Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824");
10551   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
10552   fl.l_len    = 2;
10553   fl.l_type   = F_UNLCK;
10554   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
10555
10556   close(fd);
10557   return 0;
10558 }
10559
10560 /*
10561  * Test if permissions of freshly created directories allow entries
10562  * below them.  This was a problem with OpenOffice.org and gcompris.
10563  * Mounting with option 'sync' seem to solve this problem while
10564  * slowing down file operations.
10565  */
10566 int test_subdirectory_creation(void) {
10567 #define LEVELS 5
10568   char *path = strdup("test");
10569   char *dirs[LEVELS];
10570   int level;
10571   printf("info: testing subdirectory creation\n");
10572   for (level = 0; level &lt; LEVELS; level++) {
10573     char *newpath = NULL;
10574     if (-1 == mkdir(path, 0777)) {
10575       printf("  error: Unable to create directory '%s': %s\n",
10576              path, strerror(errno));
10577       break;
10578     }
10579     asprintf(&newpath, "%s/%s", path, "test");
10580     free(path);
10581     path = newpath;
10582   }
10583   return 0;
10584 }
10585
10586 /*
10587  * Test if symlinks can be created.  This was a problem detected with
10588  * KDE.
10589  */
10590 int test_symlinks(void) {
10591   printf("info: testing symlink creation\n");
10592   unlink("symlink");
10593   if (-1 == symlink("file", "symlink"))
10594     printf("  error: Unable to create symlink\n");
10595   return 0;
10596 }
10597
10598 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
10599   printf("Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system\n");
10600   test_symlinks();
10601   test_subdirectory_creation();
10602 #ifdef TEST_SQLITE
10603   test_sqlite_open();
10604 #endif /* TEST_SQLITE */
10605   test_gcompris_locking();
10606   return 0;
10607 }
10608 </pre>
10609
10610 <p>When everything is working, it should print something like
10611 this:</p>
10612
10613 <pre>
10614 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
10615 info: testing symlink creation
10616 info: testing subdirectory creation
10617 info: sqlite worked
10618 info: testing fcntl locking
10619   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
10620   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
10621   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
10622   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
10623   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
10624   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
10625 </pre>
10626
10627 <p>I do not remember the exact details of the problems we saw, but one
10628 of them was with locking, where if I remember correctly, POSIX allow a
10629 read-only lock to be upgraded to a read-write lock without unlocking
10630 the read-only lock (while Windows do not).  Another was a bug in the
10631 CIFS/SMB client implementation in the Linux kernel where directory
10632 meta information would be wrong for a fraction of a second, making
10633 OpenOffice.org fail to create its deep directory tree because it was
10634 not allowed to create files in its freshly created directory.</p>
10635
10636 <p>Anyway, here is a nice tool for your tool box, might you never need
10637 it. :)</p>
10638
10639 <p>Update 2010-08-27: Michael Gebetsroither report that he found the
10640 script so useful that he created a GIT repository and stored it in
10641 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a>.</p>
10642
10643       </div>
10644       <div class="tags">
10645
10646
10647         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10648
10649
10650       </div>
10651     </div>
10652     <div class="padding"></div>
10653
10654     <div class="entry">
10655       <div class="title">
10656         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Autodetecting_Client_setup_for_roaming_workstations_in_Debian_Edu.html">Autodetecting Client setup for roaming workstations in Debian Edu</a>
10657       </div>
10658       <div class="date">
10659          7th August 2010
10660       </div>
10661       <div class="body">
10662         <p>A few days ago, I
10663 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_roaming_workstation___at_the_university_of_Oslo.html">tried
10664 to install</a> a Roaming workation profile from Debian Edu/Squeeze
10665 while on the university network here at the University of Oslo, and
10666 noticed how much had to change to get it operational using the
10667 university infrastructure.  It was fairly easy, but it occured to me
10668 that Debian Edu would improve a lot if I could get the client to
10669 connect without any changes at all, and thus let the client configure
10670 itself during installation and first boot to use the infrastructure
10671 around it.  Now I am a huge step further along that road.</p>
10672
10673 <p>With our current squeeze-test packages, I can select the roaming
10674 workstation profile and get a working laptop connecting to the
10675 university LDAP server for user and group and our active directory
10676 servers for Kerberos authentication.  All this without any
10677 configuration at all during installation.  My users home directory got
10678 a bookmark in the KDE menu to mount it via SMB, with the correct URL.
10679 In short, openldap and sssd is correctly configured.  In addition to
10680 this, the client look for http://wpad/wpad.dat to configure a web
10681 proxy, and when it fail to find it no proxy settings are stored in
10682 /etc/environment and /etc/apt/apt.conf.  Iceweasel and KDE is
10683 configured to look for the same wpad configuration and also do not use
10684 a proxy when at the university network.  If the machine is moved to a
10685 network with such wpad setup, it would automatically use it when DHCP
10686 gave it a IP address.</p>
10687
10688 <p>The LDAP server is located using DNS, by first looking for the DNS
10689 entry ldap.$domain.  If this do not exist, it look for the
10690 _ldap._tcp.$domain SRV records and use the first one as the LDAP
10691 server.  Next, it connects to the LDAP server and search all
10692 namingContexts entries for posixAccount or posixGroup objects, and
10693 pick the first one as the LDAP base.  For Kerberos, a similar
10694 algorithm is used to locate the LDAP server, and the realm is the
10695 uppercase version of $domain.</p>
10696
10697 <p>So, what is not working, you might ask.  SMB mounting my home
10698 directory do not work.  No idea why, but suspected the incorrect
10699 Kerberos settings in /etc/krb5.conf and /etc/samba/smb.conf might be
10700 the cause.  These are not properly configured during installation, and
10701 had to be hand-edited to get the correct Kerberos realm and server,
10702 but SMB mounting still do not work. :(</p>
10703
10704 <p>With this automatic configuration in place, I expect a Debian Edu
10705 roaming profile installation would be able to automatically detect and
10706 connect to any site using LDAP and Kerberos for NSS directory and PAM
10707 authentication.  It should also work out of the box in a Active
10708 Directory environment providing posixAccount and posixGroup objects
10709 with UID and GID values.</p>
10710
10711 <p>If you want to help out with implementing these things for Debian
10712 Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
10713
10714       </div>
10715       <div class="tags">
10716
10717
10718         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10719
10720
10721       </div>
10722     </div>
10723     <div class="padding"></div>
10724
10725     <div class="entry">
10726       <div class="title">
10727         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_roaming_workstation___at_the_university_of_Oslo.html">Debian Edu roaming workstation - at the university of Oslo</a>
10728       </div>
10729       <div class="date">
10730          3rd August 2010
10731       </div>
10732       <div class="body">
10733         <p>The new roaming workstation profile in Debian Edu/Squeeze is fairly
10734 similar to the laptop setup am I working on using Ubuntu for the
10735 University of Oslo, and just for the heck of it, I tested today how
10736 hard it would be to integrate that profile into the university
10737 infrastructure.  In this case, it is the university LDAP server,
10738 Active Directory Kerberos server and SMB mounting from the Netapp file
10739 servers.</p>
10740
10741 <p>I was pleasantly surprised that the only three files needed to be
10742 changed (/etc/sssd/sssd.conf, /etc/ldap.conf and
10743 /etc/mklocaluser.d/20-debian-edu-config) and one file had to be added
10744 (/usr/share/perl5/Debian/Edu_Local.pm), to get the client working.
10745 Most of the changes were to get the client to use the university LDAP
10746 for NSS and Kerberos server for PAM, but one was to change a hard
10747 coded DNS domain name in the mklocaluser hook from .intern to
10748 .uio.no.</p>
10749
10750 <p>This testing was so encouraging, that I went ahead and adjusted the
10751 Debian Edu scripts and setup in subversion to centralise the roaming
10752 workstation setup a bit more and avoid the hardcoded DNS domain name,
10753 so that when I test this tomorrow, I expect to get away with modifying
10754 only /etc/sssd/sssd.conf and /etc/ldap.conf to get it to use the
10755 university servers.</p>
10756
10757 <p>My goal is to get the clients to have no hardcoded settings and
10758 fetch all their initial setup during installation and first boot, to
10759 allow them to be inserted also into environments where the default
10760 setup in Debian Edu has been changed or as with the university, where
10761 the environment is different but provides the protocols Debian Edu
10762 uses.</p>
10763
10764       </div>
10765       <div class="tags">
10766
10767
10768         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10769
10770
10771       </div>
10772     </div>
10773     <div class="padding"></div>
10774
10775     <div class="entry">
10776       <div class="title">
10777         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Debian_Edu_test_release__alpha0__based_on_Squeeze_is_released.html">First Debian Edu test release (alpha0) based on Squeeze is released</a>
10778       </div>
10779       <div class="date">
10780         27th July 2010
10781       </div>
10782       <div class="body">
10783         <p>I just posted this announcement culminating several months of work
10784 with the next Debian Edu release.  Not nearly done, but one major step
10785 completed.</p>
10786
10787 <blockquote>
10788 <p>This is the first test release based on Squeeze. The focus of this
10789 release is to test the user application selection. To have a look,
10790 install the standalone profile and let the developers know if the set
10791 of installed packages i.e. applications should be modified. If some
10792 user application is missing, or if there are some applications that no
10793 longer make sense to be included in Debian Edu, please let us know.
10794 Also, if a useful application is missing the translation for your
10795 language of choice, please let us know too.</p>
10796
10797 <p>In addition, feedback and help to polish the desktop (menus,
10798 artwork, starters, etc.) is appreciated. We would like to ship a nice
10799 and handy KDE4 desktop targeted for schools out of the box.</p>
10800
10801 <p>The other profiles should be installable, but there is a lot more
10802 work left to be done before they are ready, so do not expect to
10803 much.</p>
10804
10805 <p>Changes compared to the lenny based version</p>
10806
10807 <ul>
10808 <li>Everything from Debian Squeeze
10809 <ul>
10810   <li>Desktop environment KDE 4.4 => the new KDE desktop in
10811          combination with some new artwork
10812   <li>Web browser Iceweasel 3.5
10813   <li>OpenOffice.org 3.2
10814   <li>Educational toolbox GCompris 9.3
10815   <li>Music creator Rosegarden 10.04.2
10816   <li>Image editor Gimp 2.6.10
10817   <li>Virtual universe Celestia 1.6.0
10818   <li>Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.10.4
10819   <li>3D modeler Blender 2.49.2 (new application)
10820   <li>Video editor Kdenlive 0.7.7 (new application)
10821 </ul></li>
10822 <li>Now using Kerberos for password checking (migration not finished).
10823     Enabled for:
10824 <ul>
10825   <li>PAM
10826   <li>LDAP
10827   <li>IMAP
10828   <li>SMTP (sender verification)
10829 </ul>
10830 </li>
10831 <li>New experimental roaming workstation profile for laptops.</li>
10832 <li>Show welcome page to users when they first log in. The URL is
10833     fetched from LDAP.</li>
10834 <li>New LXDE desktop option, in addition to KDE (default) and Gnome.</li>
10835 <li>General cleanup (not finished)</li>
10836 </ul>
10837 <p>The following features are not working as they should</p>
10838
10839 <ul>
10840 <li>No web based administration tool for creating users and groups. The
10841     scripts ldap-createuser-krb and ldap-add-user-to-group can be used
10842     for testing.</li>
10843 <li>DVD installs are missing debian-installer images for the PXE boot,
10844     and do not set up the PXE menu on eth0 because of this. LTSP
10845     clients should still boot from eth1 on thin client servers.</li>
10846 <li>The restructured KDE menu is not implemented.</li>
10847 <li>The LDAP server setup need to be reviewed for security.</li>
10848 <li>The LDAP directory structure need to be reworked.</li>
10849 <li>Different sets of packages are installed when using the DVD and the
10850     netinst CD. More packages are installed using the netinst CD.</li>
10851 <li>The jackd package fail to install. This is believed to be caused by
10852     some ongoing transition, and hopefully should be solved soon. The
10853     jackd1 package can be installed manually for those that need it.</li>
10854 <li>Some packages lack translations. See
10855     http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Squeeze for updated status,
10856     and help out with translations.</li>
10857 </ul>
10858
10859 <p>To download this multiarch netinstall release you can use</p>
10860
10861 <ul>
10862 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</a></li>
10863 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</a></li>
10864 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
10865 </ul>
10866 <p>To download this multiarch dvd release you can use</p>
10867
10868 <ul>
10869 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</a></li>
10870 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</a></li>
10871 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
10872 </ul>
10873
10874 <p>There is no source DVD available yet. It will be prepared when we
10875 get closer to the final release.</p>
10876
10877 <p>The MD5SUM of these images are</p>
10878
10879 <ul>
10880 <li>3dbf45d59f42a53518b6e3c9ec3b5eb6 debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
10881 <li>22f2cbfce281d1c6e478be452638675d debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
10882 </ul>
10883
10884 <p>The SHA1SUM of these images are</p>
10885 <ul>
10886 <li>c53d1b69b40cf37cd27aefaf33f6f6a3821bedf0 debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
10887 <li>2ec29d7db676d59d32197b05c277ffe16348376c debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
10888 </ul>
10889 <p>How to report bugs:
10890 http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugsInBugzilla</p>
10891
10892 <p>Please direct replies to debian-edu@lists.debian.org</p>
10893 </blockquote>
10894
10895       </div>
10896       <div class="tags">
10897
10898
10899         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10900
10901
10902       </div>
10903     </div>
10904     <div class="padding"></div>
10905
10906     <div class="entry">
10907       <div class="title">
10908         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/One_step_closer_to_single_signon_in_Debian_Edu.html">One step closer to single signon in Debian Edu</a>
10909       </div>
10910       <div class="date">
10911         25th July 2010
10912       </div>
10913       <div class="body">
10914         <p>The last few months me and the other Debian Edu developers have
10915 been working hard to get the Debian/Squeeze based version of Debian
10916 Edu/Skolelinux into shape.  This future version will use Kerberos for
10917 authentication, and services are slowly migrated to single signon,
10918 getting rid of password questions one at the time.</p>
10919
10920 <p>It will also feature a roaming workstation profile with local home
10921 directory, for laptops that are only some times on the Skolelinux
10922 network, and for this profile a shortcut is created in Gnome and KDE
10923 to gain access to the users home directory on the file server.  This
10924 shortcut uses SMB at the moment, and yesterday I had time to test if
10925 SMB mounting had started working in KDE after we added the cifs-utils
10926 package.  I was pleasantly surprised how well it worked.</p>
10927
10928 <p>Thanks to the recent changes to our samba configuration to get it
10929 to use Kerberos for authentication, there were no question about user
10930 password when mounting the SMB volume.  A simple click on the shortcut
10931 in the KDE menu, and a window with the home directory popped
10932 up. :)</p>
10933
10934 <p>One step closer to a single signon solution out of the box in
10935 Debian Edu.  We already had PAM, LDAP, IMAP and SMTP in place, and now
10936 also Samba.  Next step is Cups and hopefully also NFS.</p>
10937
10938 <p>We had planned a alpha0 release of Debian Edu for today, but thanks
10939 to the autobuilder administrators for some architectures being slow to
10940 sign packages, we are still missing the fixed LTSP package we need for
10941 the release.  It was uploaded three days ago with urgency=high, and if
10942 it had entered testing yesterday we would have been able to test it in
10943 time for a alpha0 release today.  As the binaries for ia64 and powerpc
10944 still not uploaded to the Debian archive, we need to delay the alpha
10945 release another day.</p>
10946
10947 <p>If you want to help out with implementing Kerberos for Debian Edu,
10948 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
10949
10950       </div>
10951       <div class="tags">
10952
10953
10954         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet</a>.
10955
10956
10957       </div>
10958     </div>
10959     <div class="padding"></div>
10960
10961     <div class="entry">
10962       <div class="title">
10963         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/What_are_they_searching_for___PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_in_LDAP.html">What are they searching for - PowerDNS and ISC DHCP in LDAP</a>
10964       </div>
10965       <div class="date">
10966         17th July 2010
10967       </div>
10968       <div class="body">
10969         <p>This is a
10970 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">followup</a>
10971 on my
10972 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_a_change_to_LDAP_schemas_allowing_DNS_and_DHCP_info_to_be_combined_into_one_object.html">previous
10973 work</a> on
10974 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Combining_PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_LDAP_objects.html">merging
10975 all</a> the computer related LDAP objects in Debian Edu.</p>
10976
10977 <p>As a step to try to see if it possible to merge the DNS and DHCP
10978 LDAP objects, I have had a look at how the packages pdns-backend-ldap
10979 and dhcp3-server-ldap in Debian use the LDAP server.  The two
10980 implementations are quite different in how they use LDAP.</p>
10981
10982 To get this information, I started slapd with debugging enabled and
10983 dumped the debug output to a file to get the LDAP searches performed
10984 on a Debian Edu main-server.  Here is a summary.
10985
10986 <p><strong>powerdns</strong></p>
10987
10988 <a href="http://www.linuxnetworks.de/doc/index.php/PowerDNS_LDAP_Backend">Clues
10989 on how to</a> set up PowerDNS to use a LDAP backend is available on
10990 the web.
10991
10992 <p>PowerDNS have two modes of operation using LDAP as its backend.
10993 One "strict" mode where the forward and reverse DNS lookups are done
10994 using the same LDAP objects, and a "tree" mode where the forward and
10995 reverse entries are in two different subtrees in LDAP with a structure
10996 based on the DNS names, as in tjener.intern and
10997 2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa.</p>
10998
10999 <p>In tree mode, the server is set up to use a LDAP subtree as its
11000 base, and uses a "base" scoped search for the DNS name by adding
11001 "dc=tjener,dc=intern," to the base with a filter for
11002 "(associateddomain=tjener.intern)" for the forward entry and
11003 "dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa," with a filter for
11004 "(associateddomain=2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa)" for the reverse entry.  For
11005 forward entries, it is looking for attributes named dnsttl, arecord,
11006 nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord, ptrrecord, hinforecord, mxrecord,
11007 txtrecord, rprecord, afsdbrecord, keyrecord, aaaarecord, locrecord,
11008 srvrecord, naptrrecord, kxrecord, certrecord, dsrecord, sshfprecord,
11009 ipseckeyrecord, rrsigrecord, nsecrecord, dnskeyrecord, dhcidrecord,
11010 spfrecord and modifytimestamp.  For reverse entries it is looking for
11011 the attributes dnsttl, arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord,
11012 ptrrecord, hinforecord, mxrecord, txtrecord, rprecord, aaaarecord,
11013 locrecord, srvrecord, naptrrecord and modifytimestamp.  The equivalent
11014 ldapsearch commands could look like this:</p>
11015
11016 <blockquote><pre>
11017 ldapsearch -h ldap \
11018   -b dc=tjener,dc=intern,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no \
11019   -s base -x '(associateddomain=tjener.intern)' dNSTTL aRecord nSRecord \
11020   cNAMERecord sOARecord pTRRecord hInfoRecord mXRecord tXTRecord \
11021   rPRecord aFSDBRecord KeyRecord aAAARecord lOCRecord sRVRecord \
11022   nAPTRRecord kXRecord certRecord dSRecord sSHFPRecord iPSecKeyRecord \
11023   rRSIGRecord nSECRecord dNSKeyRecord dHCIDRecord sPFRecord modifyTimestamp
11024
11025 ldapsearch -h ldap \
11026   -b dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no \
11027   -s base -x '(associateddomain=2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa)'
11028   dnsttl, arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord soarecord ptrrecord \
11029   hinforecord mxrecord txtrecord rprecord aaaarecord locrecord \
11030   srvrecord naptrrecord modifytimestamp
11031 </pre></blockquote>
11032
11033 <p>In Debian Edu/Lenny, the PowerDNS tree mode is used with
11034 ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no as the base, and these are two
11035 example LDAP objects used there.  In addition to these objects, the
11036 parent objects all th way up to ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11037 also exist.</p>
11038
11039 <blockquote><pre>
11040 dn: dc=tjener,dc=intern,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11041 objectclass: top
11042 objectclass: dnsdomain
11043 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
11044 dc: tjener
11045 arecord: 10.0.2.2
11046 associateddomain: tjener.intern
11047
11048 dn: dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11049 objectclass: top
11050 objectclass: dnsdomain2
11051 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
11052 dc: 2
11053 ptrrecord: tjener.intern
11054 associateddomain: 2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa
11055 </pre></blockquote>
11056
11057 <p>In strict mode, the server behaves differently.  When looking for
11058 forward DNS entries, it is doing a "subtree" scoped search with the
11059 same base as in the tree mode for a object with filter
11060 "(associateddomain=tjener.intern)" and requests the attributes dnsttl,
11061 arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord, ptrrecord, hinforecord,
11062 mxrecord, txtrecord, rprecord, aaaarecord, locrecord, srvrecord,
11063 naptrrecord and modifytimestamp.  For reverse entires it also do a
11064 subtree scoped search but this time the filter is "(arecord=10.0.2.2)"
11065 and the requested attributes are associateddomain, dnsttl and
11066 modifytimestamp.  In short, in strict mode the objects with ptrrecord
11067 go away, and the arecord attribute in the forward object is used
11068 instead.</p>
11069
11070 <p>The forward and reverse searches can be simulated using ldapsearch
11071 like this:</p>
11072
11073 <blockquote><pre>
11074 ldapsearch -h ldap -b ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no -s sub -x \
11075   '(associateddomain=tjener.intern)' dNSTTL aRecord nSRecord \
11076   cNAMERecord sOARecord pTRRecord hInfoRecord mXRecord tXTRecord \
11077   rPRecord aFSDBRecord KeyRecord aAAARecord lOCRecord sRVRecord \
11078   nAPTRRecord kXRecord certRecord dSRecord sSHFPRecord iPSecKeyRecord \
11079   rRSIGRecord nSECRecord dNSKeyRecord dHCIDRecord sPFRecord modifyTimestamp
11080
11081 ldapsearch -h ldap -b ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no -s sub -x \
11082   '(arecord=10.0.2.2)' associateddomain dnsttl modifytimestamp
11083 </pre></blockquote>
11084
11085 <p>In addition to the forward and reverse searches , there is also a
11086 search for SOA records, which behave similar to the forward and
11087 reverse lookups.</p>
11088
11089 <p>A thing to note with the PowerDNS behaviour is that it do not
11090 specify any objectclass names, and instead look for the attributes it
11091 need to generate a DNS reply.  This make it able to work with any
11092 objectclass that provide the needed attributes.</p>
11093
11094 <p>The attributes are normally provided in the cosine (RFC 1274) and
11095 dnsdomain2 schemas.  The latter is used for reverse entries like
11096 ptrrecord and recent DNS additions like aaaarecord and srvrecord.</p>
11097
11098 <p>In Debian Edu, we have created DNS objects using the object classes
11099 dcobject (for dc), dnsdomain or dnsdomain2 (structural, for the DNS
11100 attributes) and domainrelatedobject (for associatedDomain).  The use
11101 of structural object classes make it impossible to combine these
11102 classes with the object classes used by DHCP.</p>
11103
11104 <p>There are other schemas that could be used too, for example the
11105 dnszone structural object class used by Gosa and bind-sdb for the DNS
11106 attributes combined with the domainrelatedobject object class, but in
11107 this case some unused attributes would have to be included as well
11108 (zonename and relativedomainname).</p>
11109
11110 <p>My proposal for Debian Edu would be to switch PowerDNS to strict
11111 mode and not use any of the existing objectclasses (dnsdomain,
11112 dnsdomain2 and dnszone) when one want to combine the DNS information
11113 with DHCP information, and instead create a auxiliary object class
11114 defined something like this (using the attributes defined for
11115 dnsdomain and dnsdomain2 or dnszone):</p>
11116
11117 <blockquote><pre>
11118 objectclass ( some-oid NAME 'dnsDomainAux'
11119     SUP top
11120     AUXILIARY
11121     MAY ( ARecord $ MDRecord $ MXRecord $ NSRecord $ SOARecord $ CNAMERecord $
11122           DNSTTL $ DNSClass $ PTRRecord $ HINFORecord $ MINFORecord $
11123           TXTRecord $ SIGRecord $ KEYRecord $ AAAARecord $ LOCRecord $
11124           NXTRecord $ SRVRecord $ NAPTRRecord $ KXRecord $ CERTRecord $
11125           A6Record $ DNAMERecord
11126     ))
11127 </pre></blockquote>
11128
11129 <p>This will allow any object to become a DNS entry when combined with
11130 the domainrelatedobject object class, and allow any entity to include
11131 all the attributes PowerDNS wants.  I've sent an email to the PowerDNS
11132 developers asking for their view on this schema and if they are
11133 interested in providing such schema with PowerDNS, and I hope my
11134 message will be accepted into their mailing list soon.</p>
11135
11136 <p><strong>ISC dhcp</strong></p>
11137
11138 <p>The DHCP server searches for specific objectclass and requests all
11139 the object attributes, and then uses the attributes it want.  This
11140 make it harder to figure out exactly what attributes are used, but
11141 thanks to the working example in Debian Edu I can at least get an idea
11142 what is needed without having to read the source code.</p>
11143
11144 <p>In the DHCP server configuration, the LDAP base to use and the
11145 search filter to use to locate the correct dhcpServer entity is
11146 stored.  These are the relevant entries from
11147 /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf:</p>
11148
11149 <blockquote><pre>
11150 ldap-base-dn "dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no";
11151 ldap-dhcp-server-cn "dhcp";
11152 </pre></blockquote>
11153
11154 <p>The DHCP server uses this information to nest all the DHCP
11155 configuration it need.  The cn "dhcp" is located using the given LDAP
11156 base and the filter "(&(objectClass=dhcpServer)(cn=dhcp))".  The
11157 search result is this entry:</p>
11158
11159 <blockquote><pre>
11160 dn: cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11161 cn: dhcp
11162 objectClass: top
11163 objectClass: dhcpServer
11164 dhcpServiceDN: cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11165 </pre></blockquote>
11166
11167 <p>The content of the dhcpServiceDN attribute is next used to locate the
11168 subtree with DHCP configuration.  The DHCP configuration subtree base
11169 is located using a base scope search with base "cn=DHCP
11170 Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no" and filter
11171 "(&(objectClass=dhcpService)(|(dhcpPrimaryDN=cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no)(dhcpSecondaryDN=cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no)))".
11172 The search result is this entry:</p>
11173
11174 <blockquote><pre>
11175 dn: cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11176 cn: DHCP Config
11177 objectClass: top
11178 objectClass: dhcpService
11179 objectClass: dhcpOptions
11180 dhcpPrimaryDN: cn=dhcp, dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11181 dhcpStatements: ddns-update-style none
11182 dhcpStatements: authoritative
11183 dhcpOption: smtp-server code 69 = array of ip-address
11184 dhcpOption: www-server code 72 = array of ip-address
11185 dhcpOption: wpad-url code 252 = text
11186 </pre></blockquote>
11187
11188 <p>Next, the entire subtree is processed, one level at the time.  When
11189 all the DHCP configuration is loaded, it is ready to receive requests.
11190 The subtree in Debian Edu contain objects with object classes
11191 top/dhcpService/dhcpOptions, top/dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions,
11192 top/dhcpSubnet, top/dhcpGroup and top/dhcpHost.  These provide options
11193 and information about netmasks, dynamic range etc.  Leaving out the
11194 details here because it is not relevant for the focus of my
11195 investigation, which is to see if it is possible to merge dns and dhcp
11196 related computer objects.</p>
11197
11198 <p>When a DHCP request come in, LDAP is searched for the MAC address
11199 of the client (00:00:00:00:00:00 in this example), using a subtree
11200 scoped search with "cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no" as
11201 the base and "(&(objectClass=dhcpHost)(dhcpHWAddress=ethernet
11202 00:00:00:00:00:00))" as the filter.  This is what a host object look
11203 like:</p>
11204
11205 <blockquote><pre>
11206 dn: cn=hostname,cn=group1,cn=THINCLIENTS,cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11207 cn: hostname
11208 objectClass: top
11209 objectClass: dhcpHost
11210 dhcpHWAddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
11211 dhcpStatements: fixed-address hostname
11212 </pre></blockquote>
11213
11214 <p>There is less flexiblity in the way LDAP searches are done here.
11215 The object classes need to have fixed names, and the configuration
11216 need to be stored in a fairly specific LDAP structure.  On the
11217 positive side, the invidiual dhcpHost entires can be anywhere without
11218 the DN pointed to by the dhcpServer entries.  The latter should make
11219 it possible to group all host entries in a subtree next to the
11220 configuration entries, and this subtree can also be shared with the
11221 DNS server if the schema proposed above is combined with the dhcpHost
11222 structural object class.
11223
11224 <p><strong>Conclusion</strong></p>
11225
11226 <p>The PowerDNS implementation seem to be very flexible when it come
11227 to which LDAP schemas to use.  While its "tree" mode is rigid when it
11228 come to the the LDAP structure, the "strict" mode is very flexible,
11229 allowing DNS objects to be stored anywhere under the base cn specified
11230 in the configuration.</p>
11231
11232 <p>The DHCP implementation on the other hand is very inflexible, both
11233 regarding which LDAP schemas to use and which LDAP structure to use.
11234 I guess one could implement ones own schema, as long as the
11235 objectclasses and attributes have the names used, but this do not
11236 really help when the DHCP subtree need to have a fairly fixed
11237 structure.</p>
11238
11239 <p>Based on the observed behaviour, I suspect a LDAP structure like
11240 this might work for Debian Edu:</p>
11241
11242 <blockquote><pre>
11243 ou=services
11244   cn=machine-info (dhcpService) - dhcpServiceDN points here
11245     cn=dhcp (dhcpServer)
11246     cn=dhcp-internal (dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions)
11247       cn=10.0.2.0 (dhcpSubnet)
11248         cn=group1 (dhcpGroup/dhcpOptions)
11249     cn=dhcp-thinclients (dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions)
11250       cn=192.168.0.0 (dhcpSubnet)
11251         cn=group1 (dhcpGroup/dhcpOptions)
11252     ou=machines - PowerDNS base points here
11253       cn=hostname (dhcpHost/domainrelatedobject/dnsDomainAux)
11254 </pre></blockquote>
11255
11256 <P>This is not tested yet.  If the DHCP server require the dhcpHost
11257 entries to be in the dhcpGroup subtrees, the entries can be stored
11258 there instead of a common machines subtree, and the PowerDNS base
11259 would have to be moved one level up to the machine-info subtree.</p>
11260
11261 <p>The combined object under the machines subtree would look something
11262 like this:</p>
11263
11264 <blockquote><pre>
11265 dn: dc=hostname,ou=machines,cn=machine-info,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11266 dc: hostname
11267 objectClass: top
11268 objectClass: dhcpHost
11269 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
11270 objectclass: dnsDomainAux
11271 associateddomain: hostname.intern
11272 arecord: 10.11.12.13
11273 dhcpHWAddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
11274 dhcpStatements: fixed-address hostname.intern
11275 </pre></blockquote>
11276
11277 </p>One could even add the LTSP configuration associated with a given
11278 machine, as long as the required attributes are available in a
11279 auxiliary object class.</p>
11280
11281       </div>
11282       <div class="tags">
11283
11284
11285         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11286
11287
11288       </div>
11289     </div>
11290     <div class="padding"></div>
11291
11292     <div class="entry">
11293       <div class="title">
11294         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Combining_PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_LDAP_objects.html">Combining PowerDNS and ISC DHCP LDAP objects</a>
11295       </div>
11296       <div class="date">
11297         14th July 2010
11298       </div>
11299       <div class="body">
11300         <p>For a while now, I have wanted to find a way to change the DNS and
11301 DHCP services in Debian Edu to use the same LDAP objects for a given
11302 computer, to avoid the possibility of having a inconsistent state for
11303 a computer in LDAP (as in DHCP but no DNS entry or the other way
11304 around) and make it easier to add computers to LDAP.</p>
11305
11306 <p>I've looked at how powerdns and dhcpd is using LDAP, and using this
11307 information finally found a solution that seem to work.</p>
11308
11309 <p>The old setup required three LDAP objects for a given computer.
11310 One forward DNS entry, one reverse DNS entry and one DHCP entry.  If
11311 we switch powerdns to use its strict LDAP method (ldap-method=strict
11312 in pdns-debian-edu.conf), the forward and reverse DNS entries are
11313 merged into one while making it impossible to transfer the reverse map
11314 to a slave DNS server.</p>
11315
11316 <p>If we also replace the object class used to get the DNS related
11317 attributes to one allowing these attributes to be combined with the
11318 dhcphost object class, we can merge the DNS and DHCP entries into one.
11319 I've written such object class in the dnsdomainaux.schema file (need
11320 proper OIDs, but that is a minor issue), and tested the setup.  It
11321 seem to work.</p>
11322
11323 <p>With this test setup in place, we can get away with one LDAP object
11324 for both DNS and DHCP, and even the LTSP configuration I suggested in
11325 an earlier email.  The combined LDAP object will look something like
11326 this:</p>
11327
11328 <blockquote><pre>
11329   dn: cn=hostname,cn=group1,cn=THINCLIENTS,cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11330   cn: hostname
11331   objectClass: dhcphost
11332   objectclass: domainrelatedobject
11333   objectclass: dnsdomainaux
11334   associateddomain: hostname.intern
11335   arecord: 10.11.12.13
11336   dhcphwaddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
11337   dhcpstatements: fixed-address hostname
11338   ldapconfigsound: Y
11339 </pre></blockquote>
11340
11341 <p>The DNS server uses the associateddomain and arecord entries, while
11342 the DHCP server uses the dhcphwaddress and dhcpstatements entries
11343 before asking DNS to resolve the fixed-adddress.  LTSP will use
11344 dhcphwaddress or associateddomain and the ldapconfig* attributes.</p>
11345
11346 <p>I am not yet sure if I can get the DHCP server to look for its
11347 dhcphost in a different location, to allow us to put the objects
11348 outside the "DHCP Config" subtree, but hope to figure out a way to do
11349 that.  If I can't figure out a way to do that, we can still get rid of
11350 the hosts subtree and move all its content into the DHCP Config tree
11351 (which probably should be renamed to be more related to the new
11352 content.  I suspect cn=dnsdhcp,ou=services or something like that
11353 might be a good place to put it.</p>
11354
11355 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
11356 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11357
11358       </div>
11359       <div class="tags">
11360
11361
11362         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11363
11364
11365       </div>
11366     </div>
11367     <div class="padding"></div>
11368
11369     <div class="entry">
11370       <div class="title">
11371         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_storing_LTSP_configuration_in_LDAP.html">Idea for storing LTSP configuration in LDAP</a>
11372       </div>
11373       <div class="date">
11374         11th July 2010
11375       </div>
11376       <div class="body">
11377         <p>Vagrant mentioned on IRC today that ltsp_config now support
11378 sourcing files from /usr/share/ltsp/ltsp_config.d/ on the thin
11379 clients, and that this can be used to fetch configuration from LDAP if
11380 Debian Edu choose to store configuration there.</p>
11381
11382 <p>Armed with this information, I got inspired and wrote a test module
11383 to get configuration from LDAP.  The idea is to look up the MAC
11384 address of the client in LDAP, and look for attributes on the form
11385 ltspconfigsetting=value, and use this to export SETTING=value to the
11386 LTSP clients.</p>
11387
11388 <p>The goal is to be able to store the LTSP configuration attributes
11389 in a "computer" LDAP object used by both DNS and DHCP, and thus
11390 allowing us to store all information about a computer in one place.</p>
11391
11392 <p>This is a untested draft implementation, and I welcome feedback on
11393 this approach.  A real LDAP schema for the ltspClientAux objectclass
11394 need to be written.  Comments, suggestions, etc?</p>
11395
11396 <blockquote><pre>
11397 # Store in /opt/ltsp/$arch/usr/share/ltsp/ltsp_config.d/ldap-config
11398 #
11399 # Fetch LTSP client settings from LDAP based on MAC address
11400 #
11401 # Uses ethernet address as stored in the dhcpHost objectclass using
11402 # the dhcpHWAddress attribute or ethernet address stored in the
11403 # ieee802Device objectclass with the macAddress attribute.
11404 #
11405 # This module is written to be schema agnostic, and only depend on the
11406 # existence of attribute names.
11407 #
11408 # The LTSP configuration variables are saved directly using a
11409 # ltspConfig prefix and uppercasing the rest of the attribute name.
11410 # To set the SERVER variable, set the ltspConfigServer attribute.
11411 #
11412 # Some LDAP schema should be created with all the relevant
11413 # configuration settings.  Something like this should work:
11414 #
11415 # objectclass ( 1.1.2.2 NAME 'ltspClientAux'
11416 #     SUP top
11417 #     AUXILIARY
11418 #     MAY ( ltspConfigServer $ ltsConfigSound $ ... )
11419
11420 LDAPSERVER=$(debian-edu-ldapserver)
11421 if [ "$LDAPSERVER" ] ; then
11422     LDAPBASE=$(debian-edu-ldapserver -b)
11423     for MAC in $(LANG=C ifconfig |grep -i hwaddr| awk '{print $5}'|sort -u) ; do
11424         filter="(|(dhcpHWAddress=ethernet $MAC)(macAddress=$MAC))"
11425         ldapsearch -h "$LDAPSERVER" -b "$LDAPBASE" -v -x "$filter" | \
11426             grep '^ltspConfig' | while read attr value ; do
11427             # Remove prefix and convert to upper case
11428             attr=$(echo $attr | sed 's/^ltspConfig//i' | tr a-z A-Z)
11429             # bass value on to clients
11430             eval "$attr=$value; export $attr"
11431         done
11432     done
11433 fi
11434 </pre></blockquote>
11435
11436 <p>I'm not sure this shell construction will work, because I suspect
11437 the while block might end up in a subshell causing the variables set
11438 there to not show up in ltsp-config, but if that is the case I am sure
11439 the code can be restructured to make sure the variables are passed on.
11440 I expect that can be solved with some testing. :)</p>
11441
11442 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
11443 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11444
11445 <p>Update 2010-07-17: I am aware of another effort to store LTSP
11446 configuration in LDAP that was created around year 2000 by
11447 <a href="http://www.pcxperience.com/thinclient/documentation/ldap.html">PC
11448 Xperience, Inc., 2000</a>.  I found its
11449 <a href="http://people.redhat.com/alikins/ltsp/ldap/">files</a> on a
11450 personal home page over at redhat.com.</p>
11451
11452       </div>
11453       <div class="tags">
11454
11455
11456         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11457
11458
11459       </div>
11460     </div>
11461     <div class="padding"></div>
11462
11463     <div class="entry">
11464       <div class="title">
11465         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/jXplorer__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">jXplorer, a very nice LDAP GUI</a>
11466       </div>
11467       <div class="date">
11468          9th July 2010
11469       </div>
11470       <div class="body">
11471         <p>Since
11472 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/LUMA__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">my
11473 last post</a> about available LDAP tools in Debian, I was told about a
11474 LDAP GUI that is even better than luma.  The java application
11475 <a href="http://jxplorer.org/">jXplorer</a> is claimed to be capable of
11476 moving LDAP objects and subtrees using drag-and-drop, and can
11477 authenticate using Kerberos.  I have only tested the Kerberos
11478 authentication, but do not have a LDAP setup allowing me to rewrite
11479 LDAP with my test user yet.  It is
11480 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/j/jxplorer.html">available in
11481 Debian</a> testing and unstable at the moment.  The only problem I
11482 have with it is how it handle errors.  If something go wrong, its
11483 non-intuitive behaviour require me to go through some query work list
11484 and remove the failing query.  Nothing big, but very annoying.</p>
11485
11486       </div>
11487       <div class="tags">
11488
11489
11490         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11491
11492
11493       </div>
11494     </div>
11495     <div class="padding"></div>
11496
11497     <div class="entry">
11498       <div class="title">
11499         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__apt_vs_aptitude_with_the_Gnome_desktop.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, apt vs aptitude with the Gnome desktop</a>
11500       </div>
11501       <div class="date">
11502          3rd July 2010
11503       </div>
11504       <div class="body">
11505         <p>Here is a short update on my <a
11506 href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">my
11507 Debian Lenny->Squeeze upgrade testing</a>.  Here is a summary of the
11508 difference for Gnome when it is upgraded by apt-get and aptitude.  I'm
11509 not reporting the status for KDE, because the upgrade crashes when
11510 aptitude try because of missing conflicts
11511 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584861">#584861</a> and
11512 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/585716">#585716</a>).</p>
11513
11514 <p>At the end of the upgrade test script, dpkg -l is executed to get a
11515 complete list of the installed packages.  Based on this I see these
11516 differences when I did a test run today.  As usual, I do not really
11517 know what the correct set of packages would be, but thought it best to
11518 publish the difference.</p>
11519
11520 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
11521
11522 <blockquote><p>
11523   at-spi cpp-4.3 finger gnome-spell gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
11524   libatspi1.0-0 libcupsys2 libeel2-data libgail-common libgdl-1-common
11525   libgnomeprint2.2-data libgnomeprintui2.2-common libgnomevfs2-bin
11526   libgtksourceview-common libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa
11527   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libservlet2.4-java libxalan2-java
11528   libxerces2-java openoffice.org-writer2latex openssl-blacklist p7zip
11529   python-4suite-xml python-eggtrayicon python-gtkhtml2
11530   python-gtkmozembed svgalibg1 xserver-xephyr zip
11531 </p></blockquote>
11532
11533 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
11534
11535 <blockquote><p>
11536   bluez-utils dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop epiphany-gecko
11537   gnome-app-install gnome-mount gnome-vfs-obexftp gnome-volume-manager
11538   libao2 libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5 libbind9-50
11539   libbluetooth2 libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7 libcucul0 libcurl3
11540   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdvdread3 libedata-cal1.2-6 libedataserver1.2-9
11541   libeel2-2.20 libepc-1.0-1 libepc-ui-1.0-1 libexchange-storage1.2-3
11542   libfaad0 libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libggz2 libggzcore9
11543   libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0 libgnome-desktop-2
11544   libgnome-pilot2 libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomeprint2.2-0
11545   libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtkhtml2-0
11546   libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgucharmap6 libhesiod0 libicu38 libisccc50
11547   libisccfg50 libiw29 libkpathsea4 libltdl3 liblwres50 libmagick++10
11548   libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmtp7 libmysqlclient15off libnautilus-burn4
11549   libneon27 libnm-glib0 libnm-util0 libopal-2.2 libosp5
11550   libparted1.8-10 libpisock9 libpisync1 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3
11551   libpt-1.10.10 libraw1394-8 libsensors3 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8
11552   libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1
11553   libtotem-plparser10 libtrackerclient0 libvoikko1 libxalan2-java-gcj
11554   libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12 libxtrap6 libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3
11555   mysql-common swfdec-gnome totem-gstreamer wodim
11556 </p></blockquote>
11557
11558 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
11559
11560 <blockquote><p>
11561   gnome gnome-desktop-environment hamster-applet python-gnomeapplet
11562   python-gnomekeyring python-wnck rhythmbox-plugins xorg
11563   xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
11564   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
11565   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-video-all
11566   xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark xserver-xorg-video-ati
11567   xserver-xorg-video-chips xserver-xorg-video-cirrus
11568   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
11569   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
11570   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-mach64
11571   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
11572   xserver-xorg-video-nouveau xserver-xorg-video-nv
11573   xserver-xorg-video-r128 xserver-xorg-video-radeon
11574   xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd xserver-xorg-video-rendition
11575   xserver-xorg-video-s3 xserver-xorg-video-s3virge
11576   xserver-xorg-video-savage xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion
11577   xserver-xorg-video-sis xserver-xorg-video-sisusb
11578   xserver-xorg-video-tdfx xserver-xorg-video-tga
11579   xserver-xorg-video-trident xserver-xorg-video-tseng
11580   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vmware
11581   xserver-xorg-video-voodoo
11582 </p></blockquote>
11583
11584 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
11585
11586 <blockquote><p>
11587   deskbar-applet xserver-xorg xserver-xorg-core
11588   xserver-xorg-input-wacom xserver-xorg-video-intel
11589   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome
11590 </p></blockquote>
11591
11592 <p>I was told on IRC that the xorg-xserver package was
11593 <a href="http://git.debian.org/?p=pkg-xorg/xserver/xorg-server.git;a=commit;h=9c8080d06c457932d3bfec021c69ac000aa60120">changed
11594 in git</a> today to try to get apt-get to not remove xorg completely.
11595 No idea when it hits Squeeze, but when it does I hope it will reduce
11596 the difference somewhat.
11597
11598       </div>
11599       <div class="tags">
11600
11601
11602         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
11603
11604
11605       </div>
11606     </div>
11607     <div class="padding"></div>
11608
11609     <div class="entry">
11610       <div class="title">
11611         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Caching_password__user_and_group_on_a_roaming_Debian_laptop.html">Caching password, user and group on a roaming Debian laptop</a>
11612       </div>
11613       <div class="date">
11614          1st July 2010
11615       </div>
11616       <div class="body">
11617         <p>For a laptop, centralized user directories and password checking is
11618 a bit troubling.  Laptops are typically used also when not connected
11619 to the network, and it is vital for a user to be able to log in or
11620 unlock the screen saver also when a central server is unavailable.
11621 This is possible by caching passwords and directory information (user
11622 and group attributes) locally, and the packages to do so are available
11623 in Debian.  Here follow two recipes to set this up in Debian/Squeeze.
11624 It is also possible to set up in Debian/Lenny, but require more manual
11625 setup there because pam-auth-update is missing in Lenny.</p>
11626
11627 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + nscd + libpam-ccreds + libpam-mklocaluser/pam_mkhomedir</h2>
11628
11629 This is the traditional method with a twist.  The password caching is
11630 provided by libpam-ccreds (version 10-4 or later is needed on
11631 Squeeze), and the directory caching is done by nscd.  The directory
11632 lookup and password checking is done using LDAP.  If one want to use
11633 Kerberos for password checking the libpam-ldapd package can be
11634 replaced with libpam-krb5 or libpam-heimdal.  If one is happy having a
11635 local home directory with the path listed in LDAP, one can use the
11636 pam_mkhomedir module from pam-modules to make this happen instead of
11637 using libpam-mklocaluser.  A setup for pam-auth-update to enable
11638 pam_mkhomedir will have to be written until a fix for
11639 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/568577">bug #568577</a> is in the
11640 archive.  Because I believe it is a bad idea to have local home
11641 directories using misleading paths like /site/server/partition/, I
11642 prefer to create a local user with the home directory in /home/.  This
11643 is done using the libpam-mklocaluser package.</p>
11644
11645 <p>These packages need to be installed and configured</p>
11646
11647 <blockquote><pre>
11648 libnss-ldapd libpam-ldapd nscd libpam-ccreds libpam-mklocaluser
11649 </pre></blockquote>
11650
11651 <p>The ldapd packages will ask for LDAP connection information, and
11652 one have to fill in the values that fits ones own site.  Make sure the
11653 PAM part uses encrypted connections, to make sure the password is not
11654 sent in clear text to the LDAP server.  I've been unable to get TLS
11655 certificate checking for a self signed certificate working, which make
11656 LDAP authentication unsafe for Debian Edu (nslcd is not checking if it
11657 is talking to the correct LDAP server), and very much welcome feedback
11658 on how to get this working.</p>
11659
11660 <p>Because nscd do not have a default configuration fit for offline
11661 caching until <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/485282">bug #485282</a>
11662 is fixed, this configuration should be used instead of the one
11663 currently in /etc/nscd.conf.  The changes are in the fields
11664 reload-count and positive-time-to-live, and is based on the
11665 instructions I found in the
11666 <a href="http://www.flyn.org/laptopldap/">LDAP for Mobile Laptops</a>
11667 instructions by Flyn Computing.</p>
11668
11669 <blockquote><pre>
11670         debug-level             0
11671         reload-count            unlimited
11672         paranoia                no
11673
11674         enable-cache            passwd          yes
11675         positive-time-to-live   passwd          2592000
11676         negative-time-to-live   passwd          20
11677         suggested-size          passwd          211
11678         check-files             passwd          yes
11679         persistent              passwd          yes
11680         shared                  passwd          yes
11681         max-db-size             passwd          33554432
11682         auto-propagate          passwd          yes
11683
11684         enable-cache            group           yes
11685         positive-time-to-live   group           2592000
11686         negative-time-to-live   group           20
11687         suggested-size          group           211
11688         check-files             group           yes
11689         persistent              group           yes
11690         shared                  group           yes
11691         max-db-size             group           33554432
11692         auto-propagate          group           yes
11693
11694         enable-cache            hosts           no
11695         positive-time-to-live   hosts           2592000
11696         negative-time-to-live   hosts           20
11697         suggested-size          hosts           211
11698         check-files             hosts           yes
11699         persistent              hosts           yes
11700         shared                  hosts           yes
11701         max-db-size             hosts           33554432
11702
11703         enable-cache            services        yes
11704         positive-time-to-live   services        2592000
11705         negative-time-to-live   services        20
11706         suggested-size          services        211
11707         check-files             services        yes
11708         persistent              services        yes
11709         shared                  services        yes
11710         max-db-size             services        33554432
11711 </pre></blockquote>
11712
11713 <p>While we wait for a mechanism to update /etc/nsswitch.conf
11714 automatically like the one provided in
11715 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/496915">bug #496915</a>, the file
11716 content need to be manually replaced to ensure LDAP is used as the
11717 directory service on the machine.  /etc/nsswitch.conf should normally
11718 look like this:</p>
11719
11720 <blockquote><pre>
11721 passwd:         files ldap
11722 group:          files ldap
11723 shadow:         files ldap
11724 hosts:          files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns mdns4
11725 networks:       files
11726 protocols:      files
11727 services:       files
11728 ethers:         files
11729 rpc:            files
11730 netgroup:       files ldap
11731 </pre></blockquote>
11732
11733 <p>The important parts are that ldap is listed last for passwd, group,
11734 shadow and netgroup.</p>
11735
11736 <p>With these changes in place, any user in LDAP will be able to log
11737 in locally on the machine using for example kdm, get a local home
11738 directory created and have the password as well as user and group
11739 attributes cached.
11740
11741 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + nss-updatedb + libpam-ccreds +
11742   libpam-mklocaluser/pam_mkhomedir</h2>
11743
11744 <p>Because nscd have had its share of problems, and seem to have
11745 problems doing proper caching, I've seen suggestions and recipes to
11746 use nss-updatedb to copy parts of the LDAP database locally when the
11747 LDAP database is available.  I have not tested such setup, because I
11748 discovered sssd.</p>
11749
11750 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + sssd + libpam-mklocaluser</h2>
11751
11752 <p>A more flexible and robust setup than the nscd combination
11753 mentioned earlier that has shown up recently, is the
11754 <a href="https://fedorahosted.org/sssd/">sssd</a> package from Redhat.
11755 It is part of the <a href="http://www.freeipa.org/">FreeIPA</A> project
11756 to provide a Active Directory like directory service for Linux
11757 machines.  The sssd system combines the caching of passwords and user
11758 information into one package, and remove the need for nscd and
11759 libpam-ccreds.  It support LDAP and Kerberos, but not NIS.  Version
11760 1.2 do not support netgroups, but it is said that it will support this
11761 in version 1.5 expected to show up later in 2010.  Because the
11762 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/sssd.html">sssd package</a>
11763 was missing in Debian, I ended up co-maintaining it with Werner, and
11764 version 1.2 is now in testing.
11765
11766 <p>These packages need to be installed and configured to get the
11767 roaming setup I want</p>
11768
11769 <blockquote><pre>
11770 libpam-sss libnss-sss libpam-mklocaluser
11771 </pre></blockquote>
11772
11773 The complete setup of sssd is done by editing/creating
11774 <tt>/etc/sssd/sssd.conf</tt>.
11775
11776 <blockquote><pre>
11777 [sssd]
11778 config_file_version = 2
11779 reconnection_retries = 3
11780 sbus_timeout = 30
11781 services = nss, pam
11782 domains = INTERN
11783
11784 [nss]
11785 filter_groups = root
11786 filter_users = root
11787 reconnection_retries = 3
11788
11789 [pam]
11790 reconnection_retries = 3
11791
11792 [domain/INTERN]
11793 enumerate = false
11794 cache_credentials = true
11795
11796 id_provider = ldap
11797 auth_provider = ldap
11798 chpass_provider = ldap
11799
11800 ldap_uri = ldap://ldap
11801 ldap_search_base = dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11802 ldap_tls_reqcert = never
11803 ldap_tls_cacert = /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt
11804 </pre></blockquote>
11805
11806 <p>I got the same problem here with certificate checking.  Had to set
11807 "ldap_tls_reqcert = never" to get it working.</p>
11808
11809 <p>With the libnss-sss package in testing at the moment, the
11810 nsswitch.conf file is update automatically, so there is no need to
11811 modify it manually.</p>
11812
11813 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
11814 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11815
11816       </div>
11817       <div class="tags">
11818
11819
11820         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11821
11822
11823       </div>
11824     </div>
11825     <div class="padding"></div>
11826
11827     <div class="entry">
11828       <div class="title">
11829         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/LUMA__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">LUMA, a very nice LDAP GUI</a>
11830       </div>
11831       <div class="date">
11832         28th June 2010
11833       </div>
11834       <div class="body">
11835         <p>The last few days I have been looking into the status of the LDAP
11836 directory in Debian Edu, and in the process I started to miss a GUI
11837 tool to browse the LDAP tree.  The only one I was able to find in
11838 Debian/Squeeze and Lenny is
11839 <a href="http://luma.sourceforge.net/">LUMA</a>, which has proved to
11840 be a great tool to get a overview of the current LDAP directory
11841 populated by default in Skolelinux.  Thanks to it, I have been able to
11842 find empty and obsolete subtrees, misplaced objects and duplicate
11843 objects.  It will be installed by default in Debian/Squeeze.  If you
11844 are working with LDAP, give it a go. :)</p>
11845
11846 <p>I did notice one problem with it I have not had time to report to
11847 the BTS yet.  There is no .desktop file in the package, so the tool do
11848 not show up in the Gnome and KDE menus, but only deep down in in the
11849 Debian submenu in KDE.  I hope that can be fixed before Squeeze is
11850 released.</p>
11851
11852 <p>I have not yet been able to get it to modify the tree yet.  I would
11853 like to move objects and remove subtrees directly in the GUI, but have
11854 not found a way to do that with LUMA yet.  So in the mean time, I use
11855 <a href="http://www.lichteblau.com/ldapvi/">ldapvi</a> for that.</p>
11856
11857 <p>If you have tips on other GUI tools for LDAP that might be useful
11858 in Debian Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11859
11860 <p>Update 2010-06-29: Ross Reedstrom tipped us about the
11861 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/g/gq.html">gq</a> package as a
11862 useful GUI alternative.  It seem like a good tool, but is unmaintained
11863 in Debian and got a RC bug keeping it out of Squeeze.  Unless that
11864 changes, it will not be an option for Debian Edu based on Squeeze.</p>
11865
11866       </div>
11867       <div class="tags">
11868
11869
11870         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11871
11872
11873       </div>
11874     </div>
11875     <div class="padding"></div>
11876
11877     <div class="entry">
11878       <div class="title">
11879         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_a_change_to_LDAP_schemas_allowing_DNS_and_DHCP_info_to_be_combined_into_one_object.html">Idea for a change to LDAP schemas allowing DNS and DHCP info to be combined into one object</a>
11880       </div>
11881       <div class="date">
11882         24th June 2010
11883       </div>
11884       <div class="body">
11885         <p>A while back, I
11886 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">complained
11887 about the fact</a> that it is not possible with the provided schemas
11888 for storing DNS and DHCP information in LDAP to combine the two sets
11889 of information into one LDAP object representing a computer.</p>
11890
11891 <p>In the mean time, I discovered that a simple fix would be to make
11892 the dhcpHost object class auxiliary, to allow it to be combined with
11893 the dNSDomain object class, and thus forming one object for one
11894 computer when storing both DHCP and DNS information in LDAP.</p>
11895
11896 <p>If I understand this correctly, it is not safe to do this change
11897 without also changing the assigned number for the object class, and I
11898 do not know enough about LDAP schema design to do that properly for
11899 Debian Edu.</p>
11900
11901 <p>Anyway, for future reference, this is how I believe we could change
11902 the
11903 <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-dhc-ldap-schema-00">DHCP
11904 schema</a> to solve at least part of the problem with the LDAP schemas
11905 available today from IETF.</p>
11906
11907 <pre>
11908 --- dhcp.schema    (revision 65192)
11909 +++ dhcp.schema    (working copy)
11910 @@ -376,7 +376,7 @@
11911  objectclass ( 2.16.840.1.113719.1.203.6.6
11912         NAME 'dhcpHost'
11913         DESC 'This represents information about a particular client'
11914 -       SUP top
11915 +       SUP top AUXILIARY
11916         MUST cn
11917         MAY  (dhcpLeaseDN $ dhcpHWAddress $ dhcpOptionsDN $ dhcpStatements $ dhcpComments $ dhcpOption)
11918         X-NDS_CONTAINMENT ('dhcpService' 'dhcpSubnet' 'dhcpGroup') )
11919 </pre>
11920
11921 <p>I very much welcome clues on how to do this properly for Debian
11922 Edu/Squeeze.  We provide the DHCP schema in our debian-edu-config
11923 package, and should thus be free to rewrite it as we see fit.</p>
11924
11925 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
11926 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11927
11928       </div>
11929       <div class="tags">
11930
11931
11932         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11933
11934
11935       </div>
11936     </div>
11937     <div class="padding"></div>
11938
11939     <div class="entry">
11940       <div class="title">
11941         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__removals_by_apt_and_aptitude.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, removals by apt and aptitude</a>
11942       </div>
11943       <div class="date">
11944         13th June 2010
11945       </div>
11946       <div class="body">
11947         <p>My
11948 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_upgrade_testing_from_Lenny_to_Squeeze.html">testing
11949 of Debian upgrades</a> from Lenny to Squeeze continues, and I've
11950 finally made the upgrade logs available from
11951 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/debian-upgrade-testing/</a>.
11952 I am now testing dist-upgrade of Gnome and KDE in a chroot using both
11953 apt and aptitude, and found their differences interesting.  This time
11954 I will only focus on their removal plans.</p>
11955
11956 <p>After installing a Gnome desktop and the laptop task, apt-get wants
11957 to remove 72 packages when dist-upgrading from Lenny to Squeeze.  The
11958 surprising part is that it want to remove xorg and all
11959 xserver-xorg-video* drivers.  Clearly not a good choice, but I am not
11960 sure why.  When asking aptitude to do the same, it want to remove 129
11961 packages, but most of them are library packages I suspect are no
11962 longer needed.  Both of them want to remove bluetooth packages, which
11963 I do not know.  Perhaps these bluetooth packages are obsolete?</p>
11964
11965 <p>For KDE, apt-get want to remove 82 packages, among them kdebase
11966 which seem like a bad idea and xorg the same way as with Gnome. Asking
11967 aptitude for the same, it wants to remove 192 packages, none which are
11968 too surprising.</p>
11969
11970 <p>I guess the removal of xorg during upgrades should be investigated
11971 and avoided, and perhaps others as well.  Here are the complete list
11972 of planned removals.  The complete logs is available from the URL
11973 above.  Note if you want to repeat these tests, that the upgrade test
11974 for kde+apt-get hung in the tasksel setup because of dpkg asking
11975 conffile questions.  No idea why.  I worked around it by using
11976 '<tt>echo >> /proc/<em>pidofdpkg</em>/fd/0</tt>' to tell dpkg to
11977 continue.</p>
11978
11979 <p><b>apt-get gnome 72</b>
11980 <br>bluez-gnome cupsddk-drivers deskbar-applet gnome
11981   gnome-desktop-environment gnome-network-admin gtkhtml3.14
11982   iceweasel-gnome-support libavcodec51 libdatrie0 libgdl-1-0
11983   libgnomekbd2 libgnomekbdui2 libmetacity0 libslab0 libxcb-xlib0
11984   nautilus-cd-burner python-gnome2-desktop python-gnome2-extras
11985   serpentine swfdec-mozilla update-manager xorg xserver-xorg
11986   xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
11987   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
11988   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-input-wacom
11989   xserver-xorg-video-all xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark
11990   xserver-xorg-video-ati xserver-xorg-video-chips
11991   xserver-xorg-video-cirrus xserver-xorg-video-cyrix
11992   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
11993   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
11994   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-imstt
11995   xserver-xorg-video-intel xserver-xorg-video-mach64
11996   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
11997   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-nv
11998   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome xserver-xorg-video-r128
11999   xserver-xorg-video-radeon xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd
12000   xserver-xorg-video-rendition xserver-xorg-video-s3
12001   xserver-xorg-video-s3virge xserver-xorg-video-savage
12002   xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion xserver-xorg-video-sis
12003   xserver-xorg-video-sisusb xserver-xorg-video-tdfx
12004   xserver-xorg-video-tga xserver-xorg-video-trident
12005   xserver-xorg-video-tseng xserver-xorg-video-v4l
12006   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vga
12007   xserver-xorg-video-vmware xserver-xorg-video-voodoo xulrunner-1.9
12008   xulrunner-1.9-gnome-support</p>
12009
12010 <p><b>aptitude gnome 129</b>
12011
12012 <br>bluez-gnome bluez-utils cpp-4.3 cupsddk-drivers dhcdbd
12013   djvulibre-desktop finger gnome-app-install gnome-mount
12014   gnome-network-admin gnome-spell gnome-vfs-obexftp
12015   gnome-volume-manager gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs gtkhtml3.14 libao2
12016   libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5 libavcodec51 libbluetooth2
12017   libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7 libcucul0 libcupsys2 libcurl3 libdatrie0
12018   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdvdread3 libedataserver1.2-9 libeel2-2.20
12019   libeel2-data libepc-1.0-1 libepc-ui-1.0-1 libfaad0 libgail-common
12020   libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libgdl-1-0 libgdl-1-common
12021   libggz2 libggzcore9 libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0
12022   libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomekbd2 libgnomekbdui2 libgnomeprint2.2-0
12023   libgnomeprint2.2-data libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgnomeprintui2.2-common
12024   libgnomevfs2-bin libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtkhtml2-0
12025   libgtksourceview-common libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgucharmap6
12026   libhesiod0 libicu38 libiw29 libkpathsea4 libltdl3 libmagick++10
12027   libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmetacity0 libmtp7 libmysqlclient15off
12028   libnautilus-burn4 libneon27 libnm-glib0 libnm-util0 libopal-2.2
12029   libosp5 libparted1.8-10 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3 libpt-1.10.10
12030   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libraw1394-8
12031   libsensors3 libslab0 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8 libssh2-1
12032   libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1 libtotem-plparser10
12033   libtrackerclient0 libxalan2-java libxalan2-java-gcj libxcb-xlib0
12034   libxerces2-java libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12 libxtrap6
12035   libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3 mysql-common nautilus-cd-burner
12036   openoffice.org-writer2latex openssl-blacklist p7zip
12037   python-4suite-xml python-eggtrayicon python-gnome2-desktop
12038   python-gnome2-extras python-gtkhtml2 python-gtkmozembed
12039   python-numeric python-sexy serpentine svgalibg1 swfdec-gnome
12040   swfdec-mozilla totem-gstreamer update-manager wodim
12041   xserver-xorg-video-cyrix xserver-xorg-video-imstt
12042   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-v4l xserver-xorg-video-vga
12043   zip</p>
12044
12045 <p><b>apt-get kde 82</b>
12046
12047 <br>cupsddk-drivers karm kaudiocreator kcoloredit kcontrol kde kde-core
12048   kdeaddons kdeartwork kdebase kdebase-bin kdebase-bin-kde3
12049   kdebase-kio-plugins kdesktop kdeutils khelpcenter kicker
12050   kicker-applets knewsticker kolourpaint konq-plugins konqueror korn
12051   kpersonalizer kscreensaver ksplash libavcodec51 libdatrie0 libkiten1
12052   libxcb-xlib0 quanta superkaramba texlive-base-bin xorg xserver-xorg
12053   xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
12054   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
12055   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-input-wacom
12056   xserver-xorg-video-all xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark
12057   xserver-xorg-video-ati xserver-xorg-video-chips
12058   xserver-xorg-video-cirrus xserver-xorg-video-cyrix
12059   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
12060   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
12061   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-imstt
12062   xserver-xorg-video-intel xserver-xorg-video-mach64
12063   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
12064   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-nv
12065   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome xserver-xorg-video-r128
12066   xserver-xorg-video-radeon xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd
12067   xserver-xorg-video-rendition xserver-xorg-video-s3
12068   xserver-xorg-video-s3virge xserver-xorg-video-savage
12069   xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion xserver-xorg-video-sis
12070   xserver-xorg-video-sisusb xserver-xorg-video-tdfx
12071   xserver-xorg-video-tga xserver-xorg-video-trident
12072   xserver-xorg-video-tseng xserver-xorg-video-v4l
12073   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vga
12074   xserver-xorg-video-vmware xserver-xorg-video-voodoo xulrunner-1.9</p>
12075
12076 <p><b>aptitude kde 192</b>
12077 <br>bluez-utils cpp-4.3 cupsddk-drivers cvs dcoprss dhcdbd
12078   djvulibre-desktop dosfstools eyesapplet fifteenapplet finger gettext
12079   ghostscript-x imlib-base imlib11 indi kandy karm kasteroids
12080   kaudiocreator kbackgammon kbstate kcoloredit kcontrol kcron kdat
12081   kdeadmin-kfile-plugins kdeartwork-misc kdeartwork-theme-window
12082   kdebase-bin-kde3 kdebase-kio-plugins kdeedu-data
12083   kdegraphics-kfile-plugins kdelirc kdemultimedia-kappfinder-data
12084   kdemultimedia-kfile-plugins kdenetwork-kfile-plugins
12085   kdepim-kfile-plugins kdepim-kio-plugins kdeprint kdesktop kdessh
12086   kdict kdnssd kdvi kedit keduca kenolaba kfax kfaxview kfouleggs
12087   kghostview khelpcenter khexedit kiconedit kitchensync klatin
12088   klickety kmailcvt kmenuedit kmid kmilo kmoon kmrml kodo kolourpaint
12089   kooka korn kpager kpdf kpercentage kpf kpilot kpoker kpovmodeler
12090   krec kregexpeditor ksayit ksim ksirc ksirtet ksmiletris ksmserver
12091   ksnake ksokoban ksplash ksvg ksysv ktip ktnef kuickshow kverbos
12092   kview kviewshell kvoctrain kwifimanager kwin kwin4 kworldclock
12093   kxsldbg libakode2 libao2 libarts1-akode libarts1-audiofile
12094   libarts1-mpeglib libarts1-xine libavahi-compat-libdnssd1
12095   libavahi-core5 libavc1394-0 libavcodec51 libbluetooth2
12096   libboost-python1.34.1 libcucul0 libcurl3 libcvsservice0 libdatrie0
12097   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdjvulibre21 libdvdread3 libfaad0 libfreebob0
12098   libgail-common libgd2-noxpm libgraphviz4 libgsmme1c2a libgtkhtml2-0
12099   libicu38 libiec61883-0 libindex0 libiw29 libk3b3 libkcal2b libkcddb1
12100   libkdeedu3 libkdepim1a libkgantt0 libkiten1 libkleopatra1 libkmime2
12101   libkpathsea4 libkpimexchange1 libkpimidentities1 libkscan1
12102   libksieve0 libktnef1 liblockdev1 libltdl3 libmagick10 libmimelib1c2a
12103   libmozjs1d libmpcdec3 libneon27 libnm-util0 libopensync0 libpisock9
12104   libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler-qt2 libpoppler3 libraw1394-8 libsmbios2
12105   libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libtalloc1 libtiff-tools
12106   libxalan2-java libxalan2-java-gcj libxcb-xlib0 libxerces2-java
12107   libxerces2-java-gcj libxtrap6 mpeglib networkstatus
12108   openoffice.org-writer2latex pmount poster psutils quanta quanta-data
12109   superkaramba svgalibg1 tex-common texlive-base texlive-base-bin
12110   texlive-common texlive-doc-base texlive-fonts-recommended
12111   xserver-xorg-video-cyrix xserver-xorg-video-imstt
12112   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-v4l xserver-xorg-video-vga
12113   xulrunner-1.9</p>
12114
12115
12116       </div>
12117       <div class="tags">
12118
12119
12120         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
12121
12122
12123       </div>
12124     </div>
12125     <div class="padding"></div>
12126
12127     <div class="entry">
12128       <div class="title">
12129         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_upgrade_testing_from_Lenny_to_Squeeze.html">Automatic upgrade testing from Lenny to Squeeze</a>
12130       </div>
12131       <div class="date">
12132         11th June 2010
12133       </div>
12134       <div class="body">
12135         <p>The last few days I have done some upgrade testing in Debian, to
12136 see if the upgrade from Lenny to Squeeze will go smoothly.  A few bugs
12137 have been discovered and reported in the process
12138 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/585410">#585410</a> in nagios3-cgi,
12139 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584879">#584879</a> already fixed in
12140 enscript and <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584861">#584861</a> in
12141 kdebase-workspace-data), and to get a more regular testing going on, I
12142 am working on a script to automate the test.</p>
12143
12144 <p>The idea is to create a Lenny chroot and use tasksel to install a
12145 Gnome or KDE desktop installation inside the chroot before upgrading
12146 it.  To ensure no services are started in the chroot, a policy-rc.d
12147 script is inserted.  To make sure tasksel believe it is to install a
12148 desktop on a laptop, the tasksel tests are replaced in the chroot
12149 (only acceptable because this is a throw-away chroot).</p>
12150
12151 <p>A naive upgrade from Lenny to Squeeze using aptitude dist-upgrade
12152 currently always fail because udev refuses to upgrade with the kernel
12153 in Lenny, so to avoid that problem the file /etc/udev/kernel-upgrade
12154 is created.  The bug report
12155 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/566000">#566000</a> make me suspect
12156 this problem do not trigger in a chroot, but I touch the file anyway
12157 to make sure the upgrade go well.  Testing on virtual and real
12158 hardware have failed me because of udev so far, and creating this file
12159 do the trick in such settings anyway.  This is a
12160 <a href="http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/debian-26/failed-dist-upgrade-due-to-udev-config_sysfs_deprecated-nonsense-804130/">known
12161 issue</a> and the current udev behaviour is intended by the udev
12162 maintainer because he lack the resources to rewrite udev to keep
12163 working with old kernels or something like that.  I really wish the
12164 udev upstream would keep udev backwards compatible, to avoid such
12165 upgrade problem, but given that they fail to do so, I guess
12166 documenting the way out of this mess is the best option we got for
12167 Debian Squeeze.</p>
12168
12169 <p>Anyway, back to the task at hand, testing upgrades.  This test
12170 script, which I call <tt>upgrade-test</tt> for now, is doing the
12171 trick:</p>
12172
12173 <blockquote><pre>
12174 #!/bin/sh
12175 set -ex
12176
12177 if [ "$1" ] ; then
12178     desktop=$1
12179 else
12180     desktop=gnome
12181 fi
12182
12183 from=lenny
12184 to=squeeze
12185
12186 exec &lt; /dev/null
12187 unset LANG
12188 mirror=http://ftp.skolelinux.org/debian
12189 tmpdir=chroot-$from-upgrade-$to-$desktop
12190 fuser -mv .
12191 debootstrap $from $tmpdir $mirror
12192 chroot $tmpdir aptitude update
12193 cat > $tmpdir/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d &lt;&lt;EOF
12194 #!/bin/sh
12195 exit 101
12196 EOF
12197 chmod a+rx $tmpdir/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d
12198 exit_cleanup() {
12199     umount $tmpdir/proc
12200 }
12201 mount -t proc proc $tmpdir/proc
12202 # Make sure proc is unmounted also on failure
12203 trap exit_cleanup EXIT INT
12204
12205 chroot $tmpdir aptitude -y install debconf-utils
12206
12207 # Make sure tasksel autoselection trigger.  It need the test scripts
12208 # to return the correct answers.
12209 echo tasksel tasksel/desktop multiselect $desktop | \
12210     chroot $tmpdir debconf-set-selections
12211
12212 # Include the desktop and laptop task
12213 for test in desktop laptop ; do
12214     echo > $tmpdir/usr/lib/tasksel/tests/$test &lt;&lt;EOF
12215 #!/bin/sh
12216 exit 2
12217 EOF
12218     chmod a+rx $tmpdir/usr/lib/tasksel/tests/$test
12219 done
12220
12221 DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
12222 DEBIAN_PRIORITY=critical
12223 export DEBIAN_FRONTEND DEBIAN_PRIORITY
12224 chroot $tmpdir tasksel --new-install
12225
12226 echo deb $mirror $to main > $tmpdir/etc/apt/sources.list
12227 chroot $tmpdir aptitude update
12228 touch $tmpdir/etc/udev/kernel-upgrade
12229 chroot $tmpdir aptitude -y dist-upgrade
12230 fuser -mv
12231 </pre></blockquote>
12232
12233 <p>I suspect it would be useful to test upgrades with both apt-get and
12234 with aptitude, but I have not had time to look at how they behave
12235 differently so far.  I hope to get a cron job running to do the test
12236 regularly and post the result on the web.  The Gnome upgrade currently
12237 work, while the KDE upgrade fail because of the bug in
12238 kdebase-workspace-data</p>
12239
12240 <p>I am not quite sure what kind of extract from the huge upgrade logs
12241 (KDE 167 KiB, Gnome 516 KiB) it make sense to include in this blog
12242 post, so I will refrain from trying.  I can report that for Gnome,
12243 aptitude report 760 packages upgraded, 448 newly installed, 129 to
12244 remove and 1 not upgraded and 1024MB need to be downloaded while for
12245 KDE the same numbers are 702 packages upgraded, 507 newly installed,
12246 193 to remove and 0 not upgraded and 1117MB need to be downloaded</p>
12247
12248 <p>I am very happy to notice that the Gnome desktop + laptop upgrade
12249 is able to migrate to dependency based boot sequencing and parallel
12250 booting without a hitch.  Was unsure if there were still bugs with
12251 packages failing to clean up their obsolete init.d script during
12252 upgrades, and no such problem seem to affect the Gnome desktop+laptop
12253 packages.</p>
12254
12255       </div>
12256       <div class="tags">
12257
12258
12259         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
12260
12261
12262       </div>
12263     </div>
12264     <div class="padding"></div>
12265
12266     <div class="entry">
12267       <div class="title">
12268         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_er_laget_for_sentraldrifting__naturligvis.html">Skolelinux er laget for sentraldrifting, naturligvis</a>
12269       </div>
12270       <div class="date">
12271          9th June 2010
12272       </div>
12273       <div class="body">
12274         <p>Det er merkelig hvordan myter om Skolelinux overlever.  En slik
12275 myte er at Skolelinux ikke kan sentraldriftes og ha sentralt plasserte
12276 tjenermaskiner.  I siste Computerworld Norge er
12277 <a href="http://www.idg.no/computerworld/article169432.ece">IT-sjef
12278 Viggo Billdal i Steinkjer intervjuet</a>, og forteller uten
12279 blygsel:</p>
12280
12281 <blockquote><p>Vi hadde Skolelinux, men det har vi sluttet med. Vi testet
12282 om det lønte seg med Microsoft eller en åpen plattform. Vi fant ut at
12283 Microsoft egentlig var totalt sett bedre egnet. Det var store
12284 driftskostnader med Skolelinux, blant annet på grunn av
12285 desentraliserte servere. Det var komplisert, så vi gikk vekk fra det
12286 og bruker nå bare Windows.</p></blockquote>
12287
12288 <p>En <a
12289 href="https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/bruker/2010-June/009101.html">rask
12290 sjekk</a> mot den norske brukerlista i Skolelinuxprosjektet forteller
12291 at Steinkjers forsøk foregikk fram til 2004/2005, og at Røysing skole
12292 i Steinkjer skal ha vært svært fornøyd med Skolelinux men at kommunen
12293 overkjørte skolen og krevde at de gikk over til Windows.  Et søk på
12294 nettet sendte meg til
12295 <a href="http://www.dn.no/multimedia/archive/00090/Dagens_it_nr__18_90826a.pdf">Dagens
12296 IT nr. 18 2005</a> hvor en kan lese på side 18:</p>
12297
12298 <blockquote><p>Inge Tømmerås ved Røysing skole i Steinkjer kjører ennå
12299 Microsoft, men forteller at kompetanseutfordringen med Skolelinux ikke
12300 var så stor.   Jeg syntes Skolelinux var utrolig lett å drifte uten
12301 forkunnskaper. Men man må jo selvsagt ha tilgang på ekstern kompetanse
12302 til installasjoner og maskinvarefeil, sier Tømmerås.</p></blockquote>
12303
12304 <p>Som systemarkitekten bak Skolelinux, kan jeg bare riste på hodet
12305 over påstanden om at Skolelinux krever desentraliserte tjenere.
12306 Skolelinux-arkitekturen er laget for sentralisert drift og plassering
12307 av tjenerne lokalt eller sentralt alt etter behov og nettkapasitet.
12308 Den er modellert på nettverks- og tjenerløsningen som brukes på
12309 Universitetet i Tromsø og Oslo, der jeg jobber med utvikling av
12310 driftstjenester.  Dette er det heldigvis noen som har fått med seg, og
12311 jeg er glad for å kunne sitere fra en kommentar på den overnevnte
12312 artikkelen.  Min venn og gamle kollega Sturle Sunde forteller der:
12313
12314 <blockquote>
12315 <p>I Flora kommune køyrer vi Skulelinux på skular med alt frå 15 til
12316 meir enn 500 elevar. Dei store skulane har eigen tenar, for det er
12317 mest praktisk. Eg, som er driftsansvarleg for heile nettet, ser
12318 sjeldan dei tenarane fysisk, men at dei står der gjer skulane mindre
12319 avhengige av eksterne linjer som er trege eller dyre. Dei minste
12320 skulane har ikkje eigen tenar. Å bruke sentral tenar er heller ikkje
12321 noko problem. Småskulane klarar seg fint med 1 mbit-linje til ein
12322 sentral tenar eller tenaren på ein større skule.</p>
12323
12324 <p>Det beste med Skulelinux er halvtjukke klientar. Dei treng ikkje
12325 harddisk og brukar minimalt med ressursar på tenaren fordi dei køyrer
12326 programma lokalt. Eit klasserom med 30 sju-åtte år gamle maskiner har
12327 mykje meir CPU og RAM totalt enn nokon moderne tenar til under
12328 millionen. Det trengst to kommandoar på den sentrale tenaren for å
12329 oppdatere alle klientane, både tynne og halvtjukke. Vi har ingen
12330 problem med diskar som ryk heller, som var eit problem før fordi
12331 elevane sat og sparka i maskinene. Og dei krev lite bandbreidde i
12332 nettet, so det er fullt mogleg å køyre slike på småskular med trege
12333 linjer mot tenaren på ein større skule.</p>
12334
12335 <p>Flora kommune har nesten 800 Linux-maskiner i sitt skulenett, og
12336 ein person som tek seg av drift av heile nettet, inkludert tenarar,
12337 klientar, operativsystem, programvare, heimekontorløysing og
12338 administrasjon av brukarar.</p>
12339
12340 <p>No skal det seiast at vi ikkje køyrer rein Skulelinux ut av
12341 boksen. Vi har gjort ein del tilpassingar mot noko Novell-greier som
12342 var der frå før, og som har komplisert installasjonen vår. Etter at
12343 oppsettet var gjort har løysinga vore stabil og kravd minimalt med
12344 arbeid.</p>
12345 </blockquote>
12346
12347 <p>Jeg vet at Narvik, Harstad og Oslo er kommuner der Skolelinux
12348 sentraldriftes med sentrale tjenere.  Det forteller meg at Steinkjers
12349 IT-sjef neppe bør skylde på Skolelinux-løsningen for sine 5 år gamle
12350 minner.</p>
12351
12352       </div>
12353       <div class="tags">
12354
12355
12356         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12357
12358
12359       </div>
12360     </div>
12361     <div class="padding"></div>
12362
12363     <div class="entry">
12364       <div class="title">
12365         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_manual_for_standards_wars___.html">A manual for standards wars...</a>
12366       </div>
12367       <div class="date">
12368          6th June 2010
12369       </div>
12370       <div class="body">
12371         <p>Via the
12372 <a href="http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/robweir/antic-atom/~3/QzU4RgoAGMg/weekly-links-10.html">blog
12373 of Rob Weir</a> I came across the very interesting essay named
12374 <a href="http://faculty.haas.berkeley.edu/shapiro/wars.pdf">The Art of
12375 Standards Wars</a> (PDF 25 pages).  I recommend it for everyone
12376 following the standards wars of today.</p>
12377
12378       </div>
12379       <div class="tags">
12380
12381
12382         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard</a>.
12383
12384
12385       </div>
12386     </div>
12387     <div class="padding"></div>
12388
12389     <div class="entry">
12390       <div class="title">
12391         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Sitesummary_tip__Listing_computer_hardware_models_used_at_site.html">Sitesummary tip: Listing computer hardware models used at site</a>
12392       </div>
12393       <div class="date">
12394          3rd June 2010
12395       </div>
12396       <div class="body">
12397         <p>When using sitesummary at a site to track machines, it is possible
12398 to get a list of the machine types in use thanks to the DMI
12399 information extracted from each machine.  The script to do so is
12400 included in the sitesummary package, and here is example output from
12401 the Skolelinux build servers:</p>
12402
12403 <blockquote><pre>
12404 maintainer:~# /usr/lib/sitesummary/hardware-model-summary
12405   vendor                    count
12406   Dell Computer Corporation     1
12407     PowerEdge 1750              1
12408   IBM                           1
12409     eserver xSeries 345 -[8670M1X]-     1
12410   Intel                         2
12411   [no-dmi-info]                 3
12412 maintainer:~#
12413 </pre></blockquote>
12414
12415 <p>The quality of the report depend on the quality of the DMI tables
12416 provided in each machine.  Here there are Intel machines without model
12417 information listed with Intel as vendor and no model, and virtual Xen
12418 machines listed as [no-dmi-info].  One can add -l as a command line
12419 option to list the individual machines.</p>
12420
12421 <p>A larger list is
12422 <a href="http://narvikskolen.no/sitesummary/">available from the the
12423 city of Narvik</a>, which uses Skolelinux on all their shools and also
12424 provide the basic sitesummary report publicly.  In their report there
12425 are ~1400 machines. I know they use both Ubuntu and Skolelinux on
12426 their machines, and as sitesummary is available in both distributions,
12427 it is trivial to get all of them to report to the same central
12428 collector.</p>
12429
12430       </div>
12431       <div class="tags">
12432
12433
12434         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
12435
12436
12437       </div>
12438     </div>
12439     <div class="padding"></div>
12440
12441     <div class="entry">
12442       <div class="title">
12443         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/KDM_fail_at_boot_with_NVidia_cards___and_no_one_try_to_fix_it_.html">KDM fail at boot with NVidia cards - and no one try to fix it?</a>
12444       </div>
12445       <div class="date">
12446          1st June 2010
12447       </div>
12448       <div class="body">
12449         <p>It is strange to watch how a bug in Debian causing KDM to fail to
12450 start at boot when an NVidia video card is used is handled.  The
12451 problem seem to be that the nvidia X.org driver uses a long time to
12452 initialize, and this duration is longer than kdm is configured to
12453 wait.</p>
12454
12455 <p>I came across two bugs related to this issue,
12456 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/583312">#583312</a> initially filed
12457 against initscripts and passed on to nvidia-glx when it became obvious
12458 that the nvidia drivers were involved, and
12459 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/524751">#524751</a> initially filed against
12460 kdm and passed on to src:nvidia-graphics-drivers for unknown reasons.</p>
12461
12462 <p>To me, it seem that no-one is interested in actually solving the
12463 problem nvidia video card owners experience and make sure the Debian
12464 distribution work out of the box for these users.  The nvidia driver
12465 maintainers expect kdm to be set up to wait longer, while kdm expect
12466 the nvidia driver maintainers to fix the driver to start faster, and
12467 while they wait for each other I guess the users end up switching to a
12468 distribution that work for them.  I have no idea what the solution is,
12469 but I am pretty sure that waiting for each other is not it.</p>
12470
12471 <p>I wonder why we end up handling bugs this way.</p>
12472
12473       </div>
12474       <div class="tags">
12475
12476
12477         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
12478
12479
12480       </div>
12481     </div>
12482     <div class="padding"></div>
12483
12484     <div class="entry">
12485       <div class="title">
12486         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Parallellized_boot_seem_to_hold_up_well_in_Debian_testing.html">Parallellized boot seem to hold up well in Debian/testing</a>
12487       </div>
12488       <div class="date">
12489         27th May 2010
12490       </div>
12491       <div class="body">
12492         <p>A few days ago, parallel booting was enabled in Debian/testing.
12493 The feature seem to hold up pretty well, but three fairly serious
12494 issues are known and should be solved:
12495
12496 <p><ul>
12497
12498 <li>The wicd package seen to
12499 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/508289">break NFS mounting</a> and
12500 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/581586">network setup</a> when
12501 parallel booting is enabled.  No idea why, but the wicd maintainer
12502 seem to be on the case.</li>
12503
12504 <li>The nvidia X driver seem to
12505 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/583312">have a race condition</a>
12506 triggered more easily when parallel booting is in effect.  The
12507 maintainer is on the case.</li>
12508
12509 <li>The sysv-rc package fail to properly enable dependency based boot
12510 sequencing (the shutdown is broken) when old file-rc users
12511 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/575080">try to switch back</a> to
12512 sysv-rc.  One way to solve it would be for file-rc to create
12513 /etc/init.d/.legacy-bootordering, and another is to try to make
12514 sysv-rc more robust.  Will investigate some more and probably upload a
12515 workaround in sysv-rc to help those trying to move from file-rc to
12516 sysv-rc get a working shutdown.</li>
12517
12518 </ul></p>
12519
12520 <p>All in all not many surprising issues, and all of them seem
12521 solvable before Squeeze is released.  In addition to these there are
12522 some packages with bugs in their dependencies and run level settings,
12523 which I expect will be fixed in a reasonable time span.</p>
12524
12525 <p>If you report any problems with dependencies in init.d scripts to
12526 the BTS, please usertag the report to get it to show up at
12527 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/pkgreport.cgi?users=initscripts-ng-devel@lists.alioth.debian.org">the
12528 list of usertagged bugs related to this</a>.</p>
12529
12530 <p>Update: Correct bug number to file-rc issue.</p>
12531
12532       </div>
12533       <div class="tags">
12534
12535
12536         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
12537
12538
12539       </div>
12540     </div>
12541     <div class="padding"></div>
12542
12543     <div class="entry">
12544       <div class="title">
12545         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/More_flexible_firmware_handling_in_debian_installer.html">More flexible firmware handling in debian-installer</a>
12546       </div>
12547       <div class="date">
12548         22nd May 2010
12549       </div>
12550       <div class="body">
12551         <p>After a long break from debian-installer development, I finally
12552 found time today to return to the project.  Having to spend less time
12553 working dependency based boot in debian, as it is almost complete now,
12554 definitely helped freeing some time.</p>
12555
12556 <p>A while back, I ran into a problem while working on Debian Edu.  We
12557 include some firmware packages on the Debian Edu CDs, those needed to
12558 get disk and network controllers working.  Without having these
12559 firmware packages available during installation, it is impossible to
12560 install Debian Edu on the given machine, and because our target group
12561 are non-technical people, asking them to provide firmware packages on
12562 an external medium is a support pain.  Initially, I expected it to be
12563 enough to include the firmware packages on the CD to get
12564 debian-installer to find and use them.  This proved to be wrong.
12565 Next, I hoped it was enough to symlink the relevant firmware packages
12566 to some useful location on the CD (tried /cdrom/ and
12567 /cdrom/firmware/).  This also proved to not work, and at this point I
12568 found time to look at the debian-installer code to figure out what was
12569 going to work.</p>
12570
12571 <p>The firmware loading code is in the hw-detect package, and a closer
12572 look revealed that it would only look for firmware packages outside
12573 the installation media, so the CD was never checked for firmware
12574 packages.  It would only check USB sticks, floppies and other
12575 "external" media devices.  Today I changed it to also look in the
12576 /cdrom/firmware/ directory on the mounted CD or DVD, which should
12577 solve the problem I ran into with Debian edu.  I also changed it to
12578 look in /firmware/, to make sure the installer also find firmware
12579 provided in the initrd when booting the installer via PXE, to allow us
12580 to provide the same feature in the PXE setup included in Debian
12581 Edu.</p>
12582
12583 <p>To make sure firmware deb packages with a license questions are not
12584 activated without asking if the license is accepted, I extended
12585 hw-detect to look for preinst scripts in the firmware packages, and
12586 run these before activating the firmware during installation.  The
12587 license question is asked using debconf in the preinst, so this should
12588 solve the issue for the firmware packages I have looked at so far.</p>
12589
12590 <p>If you want to discuss the details of these features, please
12591 contact us on debian-boot@lists.debian.org.</p>
12592
12593       </div>
12594       <div class="tags">
12595
12596
12597         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
12598
12599
12600       </div>
12601     </div>
12602     <div class="padding"></div>
12603
12604     <div class="entry">
12605       <div class="title">
12606         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Pieces_of_the_roaming_laptop_puzzle_in_Debian.html">Pieces of the roaming laptop puzzle in Debian</a>
12607       </div>
12608       <div class="date">
12609         19th May 2010
12610       </div>
12611       <div class="body">
12612         <p>Today, the last piece of the puzzle for roaming laptops in Debian
12613 Edu finally entered the Debian archive.  Today, the new
12614 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/libp/libpam-mklocaluser.html">libpam-mklocaluser</a>
12615 package was accepted.  Two days ago, two other pieces was accepted
12616 into unstable.  The
12617 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/p/pam-python.html">pam-python</a>
12618 package needed by libpam-mklocaluser, and the
12619 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/sssd.html">sssd</a> package
12620 passed NEW on Monday.  In addition, the
12621 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/libp/libpam-ccreds.html">libpam-ccreds</a>
12622 package we need is in experimental (version 10-4) since Saturday, and
12623 hopefully will be moved to unstable soon.</p>
12624
12625 <p>This collection of packages allow for two different setups for
12626 roaming laptops.  The traditional setup would be using libpam-ccreds,
12627 nscd and libpam-mklocaluser with LDAP or Kerberos authentication,
12628 which should work out of the box if the configuration changes proposed
12629 for nscd in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/485282">BTS report
12630 #485282</a> is implemented.  The alternative setup is to use sssd with
12631 libpam-mklocaluser to connect to LDAP or Kerberos and let sssd take
12632 care of the caching of passwords and group information.</p>
12633
12634 <p>I have so far been unable to get sssd to work with the LDAP server
12635 at the University, but suspect the issue is some SSL/GnuTLS related
12636 problem with the server certificate.  I plan to update the Debian
12637 package to version 1.2, which is scheduled for next week, and hope to
12638 find time to make sure the next release will include both the
12639 Debian/Ubuntu specific patches.  Upstream is friendly and responsive,
12640 and I am sure we will find a good solution.</p>
12641
12642 <p>The idea is to set up the roaming laptops to authenticate using
12643 LDAP or Kerberos and create a local user with home directory in /home/
12644 when a usre in LDAP logs in via KDM or GDM for the first time, and
12645 cache the password for offline checking, as well as caching group
12646 memberhips and other relevant LDAP information.  The
12647 libpam-mklocaluser package was created to make sure the local home
12648 directory is in /home/, instead of /site/server/directory/ which would
12649 be the home directory if pam_mkhomedir was used.  To avoid confusion
12650 with support requests and configuration, we do not want local laptops
12651 to have users in a path that is used for the same users home directory
12652 on the home directory servers.</p>
12653
12654 <p>One annoying problem with gdm is that it do not show the PAM
12655 message passed to the user from libpam-mklocaluser when the local user
12656 is created.  Instead gdm simply reject the login with some generic
12657 message.  The message is shown in kdm, ssh and login, so I guess it is
12658 a bug in gdm.  Have not investigated if there is some other message
12659 type that can be used instead to get gdm to also show the message.</p>
12660
12661 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
12662 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12663
12664       </div>
12665       <div class="tags">
12666
12667
12668         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12669
12670
12671       </div>
12672     </div>
12673     <div class="padding"></div>
12674
12675     <div class="entry">
12676       <div class="title">
12677         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Parallellized_boot_is_now_the_default_in_Debian_unstable.html">Parallellized boot is now the default in Debian/unstable</a>
12678       </div>
12679       <div class="date">
12680         14th May 2010
12681       </div>
12682       <div class="body">
12683         <p>Since this evening, parallel booting is the default in
12684 Debian/unstable for machines using dependency based boot sequencing.
12685 Apparently the testing of concurrent booting has been wider than
12686 expected, if I am to believe the
12687 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-devel/2010/05/msg00122.html">input
12688 on debian-devel@</a>, and I concluded a few days ago to move forward
12689 with the feature this weekend, to give us some time to detect any
12690 remaining problems before Squeeze is frozen.  If serious problems are
12691 detected, it is simple to change the default back to sequential boot.
12692 The upload of the new sysvinit package also activate a new upstream
12693 version.</p>
12694
12695 More information about
12696 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/LSBInitScripts/DependencyBasedBoot">dependency
12697 based boot sequencing</a> is available from the Debian wiki.  It is
12698 currently possible to disable parallel booting when one run into
12699 problems caused by it, by adding this line to /etc/default/rcS:</p>
12700
12701 <blockquote><pre>
12702 CONCURRENCY=none
12703 </pre></blockquote>
12704
12705 <p>If you report any problems with dependencies in init.d scripts to
12706 the BTS, please usertag the report to get it to show up at
12707 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/pkgreport.cgi?users=initscripts-ng-devel@lists.alioth.debian.org">the
12708 list of usertagged bugs related to this</a>.</p>
12709
12710       </div>
12711       <div class="tags">
12712
12713
12714         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
12715
12716
12717       </div>
12718     </div>
12719     <div class="padding"></div>
12720
12721     <div class="entry">
12722       <div class="title">
12723         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Sitesummary_tip__Listing_MAC_address_of_all_clients.html">Sitesummary tip: Listing MAC address of all clients</a>
12724       </div>
12725       <div class="date">
12726         14th May 2010
12727       </div>
12728       <div class="body">
12729         <p>In the recent Debian Edu versions, the
12730 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/SiteSummary">sitesummary
12731 system</a> is used to keep track of the machines in the school
12732 network.  Each machine will automatically report its status to the
12733 central server after boot and once per night.  The network setup is
12734 also reported, and using this information it is possible to get the
12735 MAC address of all network interfaces in the machines.  This is useful
12736 to update the DHCP configuration.</p>
12737
12738 <p>To give some idea how to use sitesummary, here is a one-liner to
12739 ist all MAC addresses of all machines reporting to sitesummary.  Run
12740 this on the collector host:</p>
12741
12742 <blockquote><pre>
12743 perl -MSiteSummary -e 'for_all_hosts(sub { print join(" ", get_macaddresses(shift)), "\n"; });'
12744 </pre></blockquote>
12745
12746 <p>This will list all MAC addresses assosiated with all machine, one
12747 line per machine and with space between the MAC addresses.</p>
12748
12749 <p>To allow system administrators easier job at adding static DHCP
12750 addresses for hosts, it would be possible to extend this to fetch
12751 machine information from sitesummary and update the DHCP and DNS
12752 tables in LDAP using this information.  Such tool is unfortunately not
12753 written yet.</p>
12754
12755       </div>
12756       <div class="tags">
12757
12758
12759         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
12760
12761
12762       </div>
12763     </div>
12764     <div class="padding"></div>
12765
12766     <div class="entry">
12767       <div class="title">
12768         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Forcing_new_users_to_change_their_password_on_first_login.html">Forcing new users to change their password on first login</a>
12769       </div>
12770       <div class="date">
12771          2nd May 2010
12772       </div>
12773       <div class="body">
12774         <p>One interesting feature in Active Directory, is the ability to
12775 create a new user with an expired password, and thus force the user to
12776 change the password on the first login attempt.</p>
12777
12778 <p>I'm not quite sure how to do that with the LDAP setup in Debian
12779 Edu, but did some initial testing with a local account.  The account
12780 and password aging information is available in /etc/shadow, but
12781 unfortunately, it is not possible to specify an expiration time for
12782 passwords, only a maximum age for passwords.</p>
12783
12784 <p>A freshly created account (using adduser test) will have these
12785 settings in /etc/shadow:</p>
12786
12787 <blockquote><pre>
12788 root@tjener:~# chage -l test
12789 Last password change                                    : May 02, 2010
12790 Password expires                                        : never
12791 Password inactive                                       : never
12792 Account expires                                         : never
12793 Minimum number of days between password change          : 0
12794 Maximum number of days between password change          : 99999
12795 Number of days of warning before password expires       : 7
12796 root@tjener:~#
12797 </pre></blockquote>
12798
12799 <p>The only way I could come up with to create a user with an expired
12800 account, is to change the date of the last password change to the
12801 lowest value possible (January 1th 1970), and the maximum password age
12802 to the difference in days between that date and today.  To make it
12803 simple, I went for 30 years (30 * 365 = 10950) and January 2th (to
12804 avoid testing if 0 is a valid value).</p>
12805
12806 <p>After using these commands to set it up, it seem to work as
12807 intended:</p>
12808
12809 <blockquote><pre>
12810 root@tjener:~# chage -d 1 test; chage -M 10950 test
12811 root@tjener:~# chage -l test
12812 Last password change                                    : Jan 02, 1970
12813 Password expires                                        : never
12814 Password inactive                                       : never
12815 Account expires                                         : never
12816 Minimum number of days between password change          : 0
12817 Maximum number of days between password change          : 10950
12818 Number of days of warning before password expires       : 7
12819 root@tjener:~#
12820 </pre></blockquote>
12821
12822 <p>So far I have tested this with ssh and console, and kdm (in
12823 Squeeze) login, and all ask for a new password before login in the
12824 user (with ssh, I was thrown out and had to log in again).</p>
12825
12826 <p>Perhaps we should set up something similar for Debian Edu, to make
12827 sure only the user itself have the account password?</p>
12828
12829 <p>If you want to comment on or help out with implementing this for
12830 Debian Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12831
12832 <p>Update 2010-05-02 17:20: Paul Tötterman tells me on IRC that the
12833 shadow(8) page in Debian/testing now state that setting the date of
12834 last password change to zero (0) will force the password to be changed
12835 on the first login.  This was not mentioned in the manual in Lenny, so
12836 I did not notice this in my initial testing.  I have tested it on
12837 Squeeze, and '<tt>chage -d 0 username</tt>' do work there.  I have not
12838 tested it on Lenny yet.</p>
12839
12840 <p>Update 2010-05-02-19:05: Jim Paris tells me via email that an
12841 equivalent command to expire a password is '<tt>passwd -e
12842 username</tt>', which insert zero into the date of the last password
12843 change.</p>
12844
12845       </div>
12846       <div class="tags">
12847
12848
12849         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet</a>.
12850
12851
12852       </div>
12853     </div>
12854     <div class="padding"></div>
12855
12856     <div class="entry">
12857       <div class="title">
12858         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Thoughts_on_roaming_laptop_setup_for_Debian_Edu.html">Thoughts on roaming laptop setup for Debian Edu</a>
12859       </div>
12860       <div class="date">
12861         28th April 2010
12862       </div>
12863       <div class="body">
12864         <p>For some years now, I have wondered how we should handle laptops in
12865 Debian Edu.  The Debian Edu infrastructure is mostly designed to
12866 handle stationary computers, and less suited for computers that come
12867 and go.</p>
12868
12869 <p>Now I finally believe I have an sensible idea on how to adjust
12870 Debian Edu for laptops, by introducing a new profile for them, for
12871 example called Roaming Workstations.  Here are my thought on this.
12872 The setup would consist of the following:</p>
12873
12874 <ul>
12875
12876  <li>During installation, the user name of the owner / primary user of
12877    the laptop is requested and a local home directory is set up for
12878    the user, with uid and gid information fetched from the LDAP
12879    server.  This allow the user to work also when offline.  The
12880    central home directory can be available in a subdirectory on
12881    request, for example mounted via CIFS.  It could be mounted
12882    automatically when a user log in while on the Debian Edu network,
12883    and unmounted when the machine is taken away (network down,
12884    hibernate, etc), it can be set up to do automatic mounting on
12885    request (using autofs), or perhaps some GUI button on the desktop
12886    can be used to access it when needed.  Perhaps it is enough to use
12887    the fish protocol in KDE?</li>
12888
12889  <li>Password checking is set up to use LDAP or Kerberos
12890    authentication when the machine is on the Debian Edu network, and
12891    to cache the password for offline checking when the machine unable
12892    to reach the LDAP or Kerberos server.  This can be done using
12893    <a href="http://www.padl.com/OSS/pam_ccreds.html">libpam-ccreds</a>
12894    or the Fedora developed
12895    <a href="https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/SSSD">System
12896    Security Services Daemon</a> packages.</li>
12897
12898  <li>File synchronisation with the central home directory is set up
12899    using a shared directory in both the local and the central home
12900    directory, using unison.</li>
12901
12902  <li>Printing should be set up to print to all printers broadcasting
12903    their existence on the local network, and should then work out of
12904    the box with CUPS.  For sites needing accurate printer quotas, some
12905    system with Kerberos authentication or printing via ssh could be
12906    implemented.</li>
12907
12908  <li>For users that should have local root access to their laptop,
12909    sudo should be used to allow this to the local user.</li>
12910
12911  <li>It would be nice if user and group information from LDAP is
12912    cached on the client, but given that there are entries for the
12913    local user and primary group in /etc/, it should not be needed.</li>
12914
12915 </ul>
12916
12917 <p>I believe all the pieces to implement this are in Debian/testing at
12918 the moment.  If we work quickly, we should be able to get this ready
12919 in time for the Squeeze release to freeze.  Some of the pieces need
12920 tweaking, like libpam-ccreds should get support for pam-auth-update
12921 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/566718">#566718</a>) and nslcd (or
12922 perhaps debian-edu-config) should get some integration code to stop
12923 its daemon when the LDAP server is unavailable to avoid long timeouts
12924 when disconnected from the net.  If we get Kerberos enabled, we need
12925 to make sure we avoid long timeouts there too.</p>
12926
12927 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
12928 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12929
12930       </div>
12931       <div class="tags">
12932
12933
12934         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12935
12936
12937       </div>
12938     </div>
12939     <div class="padding"></div>
12940
12941     <div class="entry">
12942       <div class="title">
12943         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Kerberos_for_Debian_Edu_Squeeze_.html">Kerberos for Debian Edu/Squeeze?</a>
12944       </div>
12945       <div class="date">
12946         14th April 2010
12947       </div>
12948       <div class="body">
12949         <p><a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20100413-kerberos/">Yesterdays
12950 NUUG presentation</a> about Kerberos was inspiring, and reminded me
12951 about the need to start using Kerberos in Skolelinux.  Setting up a
12952 Kerberos server seem to be straight forward, and if we get this in
12953 place a long time before the Squeeze version of Debian freezes, we
12954 have a chance to migrate Skolelinux away from NFSv3 for the home
12955 directories, and over to an architecture where the infrastructure do
12956 not have to trust IP addresses and machines, and instead can trust
12957 users and cryptographic keys instead.</p>
12958
12959 <p>A challenge will be integration and administration.  Is there a
12960 Kerberos implementation for Debian where one can control the
12961 administration access in Kerberos using LDAP groups?  With it, the
12962 school administration will have to maintain access control using flat
12963 files on the main server, which give a huge potential for errors.</p>
12964
12965 <p>A related question I would like to know is how well Kerberos and
12966 pam-ccreds (offline password check) work together.  Anyone know?</p>
12967
12968 <p>Next step will be to use Kerberos for access control in Lwat and
12969 Nagios.  I have no idea how much work that will be to implement.  We
12970 would also need to document how to integrate with Windows AD, as such
12971 shared network will require two Kerberos realms that need to cooperate
12972 to work properly.</p>
12973
12974 <p>I believe a good start would be to start using Kerberos on the
12975 skolelinux.no machines, and this way get ourselves experience with
12976 configuration and integration.  A natural starting point would be
12977 setting up ldap.skolelinux.no as the Kerberos server, and migrate the
12978 rest of the machines from PAM via LDAP to PAM via Kerberos one at the
12979 time.</p>
12980
12981 <p>If you would like to contribute to get this working in Skolelinux,
12982 I recommend you to see the video recording from yesterdays NUUG
12983 presentation, and start using Kerberos at home.  The video show show
12984 up in a few days.</p>
12985
12986       </div>
12987       <div class="tags">
12988
12989
12990         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12991
12992
12993       </div>
12994     </div>
12995     <div class="padding"></div>
12996
12997     <div class="entry">
12998       <div class="title">
12999         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/After_6_years_of_waiting__the_Xreset_d_feature_is_implemented.html">After 6 years of waiting, the Xreset.d feature is implemented</a>
13000       </div>
13001       <div class="date">
13002          6th March 2010
13003       </div>
13004       <div class="body">
13005         <p>6 years ago, as part of the Debian Edu development I am involved
13006 in, I asked for a hook in the kdm and gdm setup to run scripts as root
13007 when the user log out.  A bug was submitted against the xfree86-common
13008 package in 2004 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/230422">#230422</a>),
13009 and revisited every time Debian Edu was working on a new release.
13010 Today, this finally paid off.</p>
13011
13012 <p>The framework for this feature was today commited to the git
13013 repositry for the xorg package, and the git repository for xdm has
13014 been updated to use this framework.  Next on my agenda is to make sure
13015 kdm and gdm also add code to use this framework.</p>
13016
13017 <p>In Debian Edu, we want to ability to run commands as root when the
13018 user log out, to get rid of runaway processes and do general cleanup
13019 after a user.  With this framework in place, we finally can do that in
13020 a generic way that work with all display managers using this
13021 framework.  My goal is to get all display managers in Debian use it,
13022 similar to how they use the Xsession.d framework today.<p>
13023
13024       </div>
13025       <div class="tags">
13026
13027
13028         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13029
13030
13031       </div>
13032     </div>
13033     <div class="padding"></div>
13034
13035     <div class="entry">
13036       <div class="title">
13037         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Lenny_released__work_continues.html">Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Lenny released, work continues</a>
13038       </div>
13039       <div class="date">
13040         11th February 2010
13041       </div>
13042       <div class="body">
13043         <p>On Tuesday, the Debian/Lenny based version of
13044 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> was finally
13045 shipped.  This was a major leap forward for the project, and I am very
13046 pleased that we finally got the release wrapped up.  Work on the first
13047 point release starts imediately, as we plan to get that one out a
13048 month after the major release, to include all fixes for bugs we found
13049 and fixed too late in the release process to include last Tuesday.</p>
13050
13051 <p>Perhaps it even is time for some partying?</p>
13052
13053 <p>After this first point release, my plan is to focus again on the
13054 next major release, based on Squeeze.  We will try to get as many of
13055 the fixes we need into the official Debian packages before the freeze,
13056 and have just a few weeks or months to make it happen.</p>
13057
13058       </div>
13059       <div class="tags">
13060
13061
13062         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13063
13064
13065       </div>
13066     </div>
13067     <div class="padding"></div>
13068
13069     <div class="entry">
13070       <div class="title">
13071         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_Munin_and_Nagios_configuration.html">Automatic Munin and Nagios configuration</a>
13072       </div>
13073       <div class="date">
13074         27th January 2010
13075       </div>
13076       <div class="body">
13077         <p>One of the new features in the next Debian/Lenny based release of
13078 Debian Edu/Skolelinux, which is scheduled for release in the next few
13079 days, is automatic configuration of the service monitoring system
13080 Nagios.  The previous release had automatic configuration of trend
13081 analysis using Munin, and this Lenny based release take that a step
13082 further.</p>
13083
13084 <p>When installing a Debian Edu Main-server, it is automatically
13085 configured as a Munin and Nagios server.  In addition, it is
13086 configured to be a server for the
13087 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/SiteSummary">SiteSummary
13088 system</a> I have written for use in Debian Edu.  The SiteSummary
13089 system is inspired by a system used by the University of Oslo where I
13090 work.  In short, the system provide a centralised collector of
13091 information about the computers on the network, and a client on each
13092 computer submitting information to this collector.  This allow for
13093 automatic information on which packages are installed on each machine,
13094 which kernel the machines are using, what kind of configuration the
13095 packages got etc.  This also allow us to automatically generate Munin
13096 and Nagios configuration.</p>
13097
13098 <p>All computers reporting to the sitesummary collector with the
13099 munin-node package installed is automatically enabled as a Munin
13100 client and graphs from the statistics collected from that machine show
13101 up automatically on http://www/munin/ on the Main-server.</p>
13102
13103 <p>All non-laptop computers reporting to the sitesummary collector are
13104 automatically monitored for network presence (ping and any network
13105 services detected).  In addition, all computers (also laptops) with
13106 the nagios-nrpe-server package installed and configured the way
13107 sitesummary would configure it, are monitored for full disks, software
13108 raid status, swap free and other checks that need to run locally on
13109 the machine.</p>
13110
13111 <p>The result is that the administrator on a school using Debian Edu
13112 based on Lenny will be able to check the health of his installation
13113 with one look at the Nagios settings, without having to spend any time
13114 keeping the Nagios configuration up-to-date.</p>
13115
13116 <p>The only configuration one need to do to get Nagios up and running
13117 is to set the password used to get access via HTTP.  The system
13118 administrator need to run "<tt>htpasswd /etc/nagios3/htpasswd.users
13119 nagiosadmin</tt>" to create a nagiosadmin user and set a password for
13120 it to be able to log into the Nagios web pages.  After that,
13121 everything is taken care of.</p>
13122
13123       </div>
13124       <div class="tags">
13125
13126
13127         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
13128
13129
13130       </div>
13131     </div>
13132     <div class="padding"></div>
13133
13134     <div class="entry">
13135       <div class="title">
13136         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Opphavet_til_Skolelinux_prosjektet.html">Opphavet til Skolelinux-prosjektet</a>
13137       </div>
13138       <div class="date">
13139         17th December 2009
13140       </div>
13141       <div class="body">
13142         <p>De færreste er klar over at Skolelinux-prosjektet kom som et resultat
13143 av en avgjørelse på årsmøtet i
13144 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">NUUG</a> i 2000-06-29, der Håkon Wium
13145 Lie, da varamedlem i styret, tok på seg oppdraget om å starte et
13146 initiativ kalt "Teach the Teacher", som skulle være et initiativ for
13147 å få fri programvare og unix-lignende operativsystemer inn i Skolen.
13148 Tanken var at en måtte starte med lærerne for at ungene skulle få
13149 mulighet til å møte en bedre IT-hverdag.  Jeg var tilstede på
13150 møtet, og hadde sans for ideen, men intet skjedde.  På vårparten
13151 2001 ble det arrangert en demonstrasjon i anledning at First Tuesday
13152 hadde invitert Microsoft til et møte for å fortelle om fremtidens
13153 Internet.  Dette provoserte endel av oss, og EFN og NUUG tok initiativ
13154 til å arrangere
13155 <a href="http://www.digi.no/60982/first-tuesday-mote-med-microsoft-protest">en
13156 demonstrasjon utenfor lokalene 2001-05-21</a>.  Blant de som sto bak
13157 demonstrasjonen var Vidar Bakke fra NUUG og Håkon W. Lie fra EFN.
13158 Etter demonstrasjonen arrangerte Håkon en fest hjemme hos seg der alle
13159 som hadde vært aktive i demonstrasjonsplanlegging og gjennomføringen
13160 deltok.  Før festen var jeg blitt lei av å vente på at Håkon skulle ta
13161 initiativ til "Teach the Teacher", og for å forsøke å få litt fremgang
13162 besteme jeg meg for å benytte anledningen hos Håkon til å snakke om
13163 behovet for å hjelpe skolene i gang med bedre datasystemer bestående
13164 av fri programvare og unix-lignende operativsystemer.  Flere var
13165 interessert, og Knut Yrvin tenkte på ideen.  Han
13166 <a href="http://developer.skolelinux.no/brev/2001-06-28-invitasjon-skolelinux.txt">ropte
13167 sammen</a> til et stiftelsesmøte i prosjektet i sin arbeidsgivers
13168 Objectwares lokaler ved Ullevål stadion 2001-07-02, og jeg ble med.
13169 Resten er historie. :)</p>
13170
13171       </div>
13172       <div class="tags">
13173
13174
13175         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13176
13177
13178       </div>
13179     </div>
13180     <div class="padding"></div>
13181
13182     <div class="entry">
13183       <div class="title">
13184         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_operativt_webbasert_medlemsregister_for_Fri_programvare_i_skolen.html">Endelig operativt webbasert medlemsregister for Fri programvare i skolen</a>
13185       </div>
13186       <div class="date">
13187          2nd November 2009
13188       </div>
13189       <div class="body">
13190         <p>Under helgens utviklersamling i
13191 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.no/">Skolelinux</a> fikk jeg endelig
13192 satt meg ned sammen med Ronny Aasen i styret for å få et webbasert
13193 medlemsregister tilbake på plass for foreningen som passer på
13194 skolelinuxprosjektet.  Etter flere års knot og problemer, er nå
13195 memberdb satt opp og klart til bruk.  Import av det gamle
13196 medlemsregisteret har vist seg vanskelig, så alle medlemmer bes om å
13197 registrere seg på nytt.  Hvis du støtter FRiSKs formål så er du
13198 hjertelig velkommen til
13199 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">å melde deg
13200 inn</a>. Formålet lyder:</p>
13201
13202 <blockquote>Linux i skolen skal tilrettelegge for og informere om bruk
13203 av fri programvare, i henhold til Debian Free Software Guidelines av
13204 2002-02-03, i den norske skolen, slik som f.eks. Linux og
13205 GNU.</blockquote>
13206
13207       </div>
13208       <div class="tags">
13209
13210
13211         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
13212
13213
13214       </div>
13215     </div>
13216     <div class="padding"></div>
13217
13218     <div class="entry">
13219       <div class="title">
13220         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Returning_from_Skolelinux_developer_gathering.html">Returning from Skolelinux developer gathering</a>
13221       </div>
13222       <div class="date">
13223         29th March 2009
13224       </div>
13225       <div class="body">
13226         <p>I'm sitting on the train going home from this weekends Debian
13227 Edu/Skolelinux development gathering.  I got a bit done tuning the
13228 desktop, and looked into the dynamic service location protocol
13229 implementation avahi.  It look like it could be useful for us.  Almost
13230 30 people participated, and I believe it was a great environment to
13231 get to know the Skolelinux system.  Walter Bender, involved in the
13232 development of the Sugar educational platform, presented his stuff and
13233 also helped me improve my OLPC installation.  He also showed me that
13234 his Turtle Art application can be used in standalone mode, and we
13235 agreed that I would help getting it packaged for Debian.  As a
13236 standalone application it would be great for Debian Edu.  We also
13237 tried to get the video conferencing working with two OLPCs, but that
13238 proved to be too hard for us.  The application seem to need more work
13239 before it is ready for me.  I look forward to getting home and relax
13240 now. :)</p>
13241
13242       </div>
13243       <div class="tags">
13244
13245
13246         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13247
13248
13249       </div>
13250     </div>
13251     <div class="padding"></div>
13252
13253     <div class="entry">
13254       <div class="title">
13255         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">Time for new  LDAP schemas replacing RFC 2307?</a>
13256       </div>
13257       <div class="date">
13258         29th March 2009
13259       </div>
13260       <div class="body">
13261         <p>The state of standardized LDAP schemas on Linux is far from
13262 optimal.  There is RFC 2307 documenting one way to store NIS maps in
13263 LDAP, and a modified version of this normally called RFC 2307bis, with
13264 some modifications to be compatible with Active Directory.  The RFC
13265 specification handle the content of a lot of system databases, but do
13266 not handle DNS zones and DHCP configuration.</p>
13267
13268 <p>In <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux</a>,
13269 we would like to store information about users, SMB clients/hosts,
13270 filegroups, netgroups (users and hosts), DHCP and DNS configuration,
13271 and LTSP configuration in LDAP.  These objects have a lot in common,
13272 but with the current LDAP schemas it is not possible to have one
13273 object per entity.  For example, one need to have at least three LDAP
13274 objects for a given computer, one with the SMB related stuff, one with
13275 DNS information and another with DHCP information.  The schemas
13276 provided for DNS and DHCP are impossible to combine into one LDAP
13277 object.  In addition, it is impossible to implement quick queries for
13278 netgroup membership, because of the way NIS triples are implemented.
13279 It just do not scale.  I believe it is time for a few RFC
13280 specifications to cleam up this mess.</p>
13281
13282 <p>I would like to have one LDAP object representing each computer in
13283 the network, and this object can then keep the SMB (ie host key), DHCP
13284 (mac address/name) and DNS (name/IP address) settings in one place.
13285 It need to be efficently stored to make sure it scale well.</p>
13286
13287 <p>I would also like to have a quick way to map from a user or
13288 computer and to the net group this user or computer is a member.</p>
13289
13290 <p>Active Directory have done a better job than unix heads like myself
13291 in this regard, and the unix side need to catch up.  Time to start a
13292 new IETF work group?</p>
13293
13294       </div>
13295       <div class="tags">
13296
13297
13298         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13299
13300
13301       </div>
13302     </div>
13303     <div class="padding"></div>
13304
13305     <div class="entry">
13306       <div class="title">
13307         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_er_Debian_Lenny_gitt_ut.html">Endelig er Debian Lenny gitt ut</a>
13308       </div>
13309       <div class="date">
13310         15th February 2009
13311       </div>
13312       <div class="body">
13313         <p>Endelig er <a href="http://www.debian.org/">Debian</a>
13314 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2009/20090214">Lenny</a> gitt ut.
13315 Et langt steg videre for Debian-prosjektet, og en rekke nye
13316 programpakker blir nå tilgjengelig for de av oss som bruker den
13317 stabile utgaven av Debian.  Neste steg er nå å få
13318 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> /
13319 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/">Debian Edu</a> ferdig
13320 oppdatert for den nye utgaven, slik at en oppdatert versjon kan
13321 slippes løs på skolene.  Takk til alle debian-utviklerne som har
13322 gjort dette mulig.  Endelig er f.eks. fungerende avhengighetsstyrt
13323 bootsekvens tilgjengelig i stabil utgave, vha pakken
13324 <tt>insserv</tt>.</p>
13325
13326       </div>
13327       <div class="tags">
13328
13329
13330         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
13331
13332
13333       </div>
13334     </div>
13335     <div class="padding"></div>
13336
13337     <div class="entry">
13338       <div class="title">
13339         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_norsk_stavekontroll_med_st_tte_for_ord_med_bindestrek.html">Endelig norsk stavekontroll med støtte for ord med bindestrek</a>
13340       </div>
13341       <div class="date">
13342         26th December 2008
13343       </div>
13344       <div class="body">
13345         <p>Etter flere års mislykkede forsøk på å skrive om byggesystemet for
13346 <a href="http://no.speling.org/">den norske stavekontrollen for bokmål
13347 og nynorsk</a> til å ikke bruke bindestrek som ordskillemarkør, lyktes jeg
13348 endelig første juledag.  Bruken av bindestrek som ordskillemarkør har
13349 gjort det umulig å få med ord med bindestrek i
13350 stavekontrolldatagrunnlaget, slik at ord som e-post og CD-spiller ikke
13351 kunne godtas av stavekontrollen.  Hadde litt tid til overs å bruke på
13352 stavekontrollen, og satte meg ned med to kopier av byggsystemet og en
13353 liten testdatafil, og byttet ut - med = på utvalgte steder i
13354 byggsystemet og datafilen helt til jeg fikk samme resultat med det
13355 gamle og det nye byggsystemet.  Dette tror jeg var forsøk 4, der de
13356 foregående har feilet uten at jeg klarte å forstå hvorfor.  Det sier
13357 kanskje litt om kompleksiteten i det originale byggsystemet som Rune
13358 Kleveland laget i sin tid.</p>
13359
13360 <p>Etter å ha endret byggsystemet, var neste steg å importere ordene
13361 med bindestrek.  Vi har en rekke slike i databasene for
13362 <a href="http://tyge.sslug.dk/~korsvoll/nb.speling.org/htdocs/">bokmål</a>
13363 og
13364 <a href="http://tyge.sslug.dk/~korsvoll/nn.speling.org/htdocs/">nynorsk</a>
13365 for korrektur av datagrunnlaget for stavekontrollen, og etter importen
13366 skulle nå 10350 nye ord bli godkjent som korrekt stavede ord av
13367 stavekontrollen.</p>
13368
13369       </div>
13370       <div class="tags">
13371
13372
13373         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
13374
13375
13376       </div>
13377     </div>
13378     <div class="padding"></div>
13379
13380     <div class="entry">
13381       <div class="title">
13382         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Devcamp_brought_us_closer_to_the_Lenny_based_Debian_Edu_release.html">Devcamp brought us closer to the Lenny based Debian Edu release</a>
13383       </div>
13384       <div class="date">
13385          7th December 2008
13386       </div>
13387       <div class="body">
13388         <p>This weekend we had a small developer gathering for Debian Edu in
13389 Oslo.  Most of Saturday was used for the general assemly for the
13390 member organization, but the rest of the weekend I used to tune the
13391 LTSP installation.  LTSP now work out of the box on the 10-network.
13392 Acer Aspire One proved to be a very nice thin client, with both
13393 screen, mouse and keybard in a small box.  Was working on getting the
13394 diskless workstation setup configured out of the box, but did not
13395 finish it before the weekend was up.</p>
13396
13397 <p>Did not find time to look at the 4 VGA cards in one box we got from
13398 the Brazilian group, so that will have to wait for the next
13399 development gathering.  Would love to have the Debian Edu installer
13400 automatically detect and configure a multiseat setup when it find one
13401 of these cards.</p>
13402
13403       </div>
13404       <div class="tags">
13405
13406
13407         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp</a>.
13408
13409
13410       </div>
13411     </div>
13412     <div class="padding"></div>
13413
13414     <div class="entry">
13415       <div class="title">
13416         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_sorry_state_of_multimedia_browser_plugins_in_Debian.html">The sorry state of multimedia browser plugins in Debian</a>
13417       </div>
13418       <div class="date">
13419         25th November 2008
13420       </div>
13421       <div class="body">
13422         <p>Recently I have spent some time evaluating the multimedia browser
13423 plugins available in Debian Lenny, to see which one we should use by
13424 default in Debian Edu.  We need an embedded video playing plugin with
13425 control buttons to pause or stop the video, and capable of streaming
13426 all the multimedia content available on the web.  The test results and
13427 notes are available on
13428 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/BrowserMultimedia">the
13429 Debian wiki</a>.  I was surprised how few of the plugins are able to
13430 fill this need.  My personal video player favorite, VLC, has a really
13431 bad plugin which fail on a lot of the test pages.  A lot of the MIME
13432 types I would expect to work with any free software player (like
13433 video/ogg), just do not work.  And simple formats like the
13434 audio/x-mplegurl format (m3u playlists), just isn't supported by the
13435 totem and vlc plugins.  I hope the situation will improve soon.  No
13436 wonder sites use the proprietary Adobe flash to play video.</p>
13437
13438 <p>For Lenny, we seem to end up with the mplayer plugin.  It seem to
13439 be the only one fitting our needs. :/</p>
13440
13441       </div>
13442       <div class="tags">
13443
13444
13445         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
13446
13447
13448       </div>
13449     </div>
13450     <div class="padding"></div>
13451
13452     <p style="text-align: right;"><a href="debian edu.rss"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/xml.gif" alt="RSS Feed" width="36" height="14" /></a></p>
13453     <div id="sidebar">
13454
13455
13456
13457 <h2>Archive</h2>
13458 <ul>
13459
13460 <li>2014
13461 <ul>
13462
13463 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/01/">January (2)</a></li>
13464
13465 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/02/">February (3)</a></li>
13466
13467 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/03/">March (8)</a></li>
13468
13469 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/04/">April (3)</a></li>
13470
13471 </ul></li>
13472
13473 <li>2013
13474 <ul>
13475
13476 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/01/">January (11)</a></li>
13477
13478 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/02/">February (9)</a></li>
13479
13480 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/03/">March (9)</a></li>
13481
13482 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/04/">April (6)</a></li>
13483
13484 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/05/">May (9)</a></li>
13485
13486 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/06/">June (10)</a></li>
13487
13488 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/07/">July (7)</a></li>
13489
13490 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/08/">August (3)</a></li>
13491
13492 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/09/">September (5)</a></li>
13493
13494 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/10/">October (7)</a></li>
13495
13496 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/11/">November (9)</a></li>
13497
13498 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/12/">December (3)</a></li>
13499
13500 </ul></li>
13501
13502 <li>2012
13503 <ul>
13504
13505 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/01/">January (7)</a></li>
13506
13507 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/02/">February (10)</a></li>
13508
13509 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/03/">March (17)</a></li>
13510
13511 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/04/">April (12)</a></li>
13512
13513 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/05/">May (12)</a></li>
13514
13515 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/06/">June (20)</a></li>
13516
13517 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/07/">July (17)</a></li>
13518
13519 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/08/">August (6)</a></li>
13520
13521 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/09/">September (9)</a></li>
13522
13523 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/10/">October (17)</a></li>
13524
13525 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/11/">November (10)</a></li>
13526
13527 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/12/">December (7)</a></li>
13528
13529 </ul></li>
13530
13531 <li>2011
13532 <ul>
13533
13534 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/01/">January (16)</a></li>
13535
13536 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/02/">February (6)</a></li>
13537
13538 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/03/">March (6)</a></li>
13539
13540 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/04/">April (7)</a></li>
13541
13542 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/05/">May (3)</a></li>
13543
13544 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/06/">June (2)</a></li>
13545
13546 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/07/">July (7)</a></li>
13547
13548 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/08/">August (6)</a></li>
13549
13550 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/09/">September (4)</a></li>
13551
13552 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/10/">October (2)</a></li>
13553
13554 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/11/">November (3)</a></li>
13555
13556 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/12/">December (1)</a></li>
13557
13558 </ul></li>
13559
13560 <li>2010
13561 <ul>
13562
13563 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/01/">January (2)</a></li>
13564
13565 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/02/">February (1)</a></li>
13566
13567 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/03/">March (3)</a></li>
13568
13569 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/04/">April (3)</a></li>
13570
13571 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/05/">May (9)</a></li>
13572
13573 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/06/">June (14)</a></li>
13574
13575 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/07/">July (12)</a></li>
13576
13577 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/08/">August (13)</a></li>
13578
13579 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/09/">September (7)</a></li>
13580
13581 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/10/">October (9)</a></li>
13582
13583 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/11/">November (13)</a></li>
13584
13585 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/12/">December (12)</a></li>
13586
13587 </ul></li>
13588
13589 <li>2009
13590 <ul>
13591
13592 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/01/">January (8)</a></li>
13593
13594 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/02/">February (8)</a></li>
13595
13596 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/03/">March (12)</a></li>
13597
13598 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/04/">April (10)</a></li>
13599
13600 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/05/">May (9)</a></li>
13601
13602 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/06/">June (3)</a></li>
13603
13604 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/07/">July (4)</a></li>
13605
13606 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/08/">August (3)</a></li>
13607
13608 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/09/">September (1)</a></li>
13609
13610 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/10/">October (2)</a></li>
13611
13612 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/11/">November (3)</a></li>
13613
13614 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/12/">December (3)</a></li>
13615
13616 </ul></li>
13617
13618 <li>2008
13619 <ul>
13620
13621 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/11/">November (5)</a></li>
13622
13623 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/12/">December (7)</a></li>
13624
13625 </ul></li>
13626
13627 </ul>
13628
13629
13630
13631 <h2>Tags</h2>
13632 <ul>
13633
13634  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/3d-printer">3d-printer (13)</a></li>
13635
13636  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/amiga">amiga (1)</a></li>
13637
13638  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/aros">aros (1)</a></li>
13639
13640  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bankid">bankid (4)</a></li>
13641
13642  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bitcoin">bitcoin (8)</a></li>
13643
13644  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem (14)</a></li>
13645
13646  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bsa">bsa (2)</a></li>
13647
13648  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/chrpath">chrpath (2)</a></li>
13649
13650  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian (96)</a></li>
13651
13652  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu (146)</a></li>
13653
13654  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/digistan">digistan (10)</a></li>
13655
13656  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/dld">dld (15)</a></li>
13657
13658  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook (10)</a></li>
13659
13660  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/drivstoffpriser">drivstoffpriser (4)</a></li>
13661
13662  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english (243)</a></li>
13663
13664  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fiksgatami">fiksgatami (21)</a></li>
13665
13666  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fildeling">fildeling (12)</a></li>
13667
13668  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture (12)</a></li>
13669
13670  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freedombox">freedombox (7)</a></li>
13671
13672  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/frikanalen">frikanalen (11)</a></li>
13673
13674  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju (40)</a></li>
13675
13676  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram (7)</a></li>
13677
13678  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kart">kart (18)</a></li>
13679
13680  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap (9)</a></li>
13681
13682  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker (7)</a></li>
13683
13684  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp (1)</a></li>
13685
13686  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/mesh network">mesh network (8)</a></li>
13687
13688  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia (26)</a></li>
13689
13690  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk (244)</a></li>
13691
13692  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug (162)</a></li>
13693
13694  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn (11)</a></li>
13695
13696  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/open311">open311 (2)</a></li>
13697
13698  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett (46)</a></li>
13699
13700  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern (72)</a></li>
13701
13702  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/raid">raid (1)</a></li>
13703
13704  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reactos">reactos (1)</a></li>
13705
13706  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reprap">reprap (11)</a></li>
13707
13708  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rfid">rfid (2)</a></li>
13709
13710  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/robot">robot (9)</a></li>
13711
13712  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rss">rss (1)</a></li>
13713
13714  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ruter">ruter (4)</a></li>
13715
13716  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/scraperwiki">scraperwiki (2)</a></li>
13717
13718  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet (39)</a></li>
13719
13720  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary (4)</a></li>
13721
13722  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/skepsis">skepsis (4)</a></li>
13723
13724  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard (44)</a></li>
13725
13726  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll (3)</a></li>
13727
13728  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stortinget">stortinget (9)</a></li>
13729
13730  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance (24)</a></li>
13731
13732  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sysadmin">sysadmin (1)</a></li>
13733
13734  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/valg">valg (8)</a></li>
13735
13736  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video (40)</a></li>
13737
13738  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/vitenskap">vitenskap (4)</a></li>
13739
13740  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web (29)</a></li>
13741
13742 </ul>
13743
13744
13745     </div>
13746     <p style="text-align: right">
13747  Created by <a href="http://steve.org.uk/Software/chronicle">Chronicle v4.6</a>
13748 </p>
13749
13750   </body>
13751 </html>