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  13  <h1>
  14      <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/">Petter Reinholdtsen</a>
  15
  16  </h1>
  17
  18 </div>
  19
  20
  21     <h3>Entries tagged "debian edu".</h3>
  22
  23     <div class="entry">
  24       <div class="title">
  25         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Jonathan_Carter.html">Debian Edu interview: Jonathan Carter</a>
  26       </div>
  27       <div class="date">
  28         12th June 2013
  29       </div>
  30       <div class="body">
  31         <p>There is a certain cross-over between the
  32 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
  33 project</a> and <a href="http://www.edubuntu.org/">the Edubuntu
  34 project</a>, and for example the LTSP packages in Debian are a joint
  35 effort between the projects.  One person with a foot in both camps is
  36 Jonathan Carter, which I am now happy to present to you.</p>
  37
  38 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
  39
  40 <p>I'm a South-African free software geek who lives in Cape Town. My
  41 days vary quite a bit since I'm involved in too many things. As I'm
  42 getting older I'm learning how to focus a bit more :)</p>
  43
  44 <p>I'm also an Edubuntu contributor and I love when there are
  45 opportunities for the Edubuntu and Debian Edu projects to benefit from
  46 each other.</p>
  47
  48 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
  49 project?</strong></p>
  50
  51 <p>I've been somewhat familiar with the project before, but I think my
  52 first direct exposure to the project was when I met Petter
  53 [Reinholdtsen] and Knut [Yrvin] at the Edubuntu summit in 2005 in
  54 London. They provided great feedback that helped the bootstrapping of
  55 Edubuntu. Back then Edubuntu (and even Ubuntu) was still very new and
  56 it was great getting input from people who have been around longer. I
  57 was also still very excitable and said yes to everything and to this
  58 day I have a big todo list backlog that I'm catching up with. I think
  59 over the years the relationship between Edubuntu and Debian-Edu has
  60 been gradually improving, although I think there's a lot that we could
  61 still improve on in terms of working together on packages. I'm sure
  62 we'll get there one day.</p>
  63
  64 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
  65 Edu?</strong></p>
  66
  67 <p>Debian itself already has so many advantages. I could go on about
  68 it for pages, but in essence I love that it's a very honest project
  69 that puts its users first with no hidden agendas and also produces
  70 very high quality work.</p>
  71
  72 <p>I think the advantage of Debian Edu is that it makes many common
  73 set-up tasks simpler so that administrators can get up and running
  74 with a lot less effort and frustration. At the same time I think it
  75 helps to standardise installations in schools so that it's easier for
  76 community members and commercial suppliers to support.</p>
  77
  78 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
  79 Edu?</strong></p>
  80
  81 <p>I had to re-type this one a few times because I'm trying to
  82 separate "disadvantages" from "areas that need improvement" (which is
  83 what I originally rambled on about)</p>
  84
  85 <p>The biggest disadvantage I can think of is lack of manpower. The
  86 project could do so much more if there were more good contributors. I
  87 think some of the problems are external too. Free software and free
  88 content in education is a no-brainer but it takes some time to catch
  89 on. When you've been working with the same proprietary eco-system for
  90 years and have gotten used to it, it can be hard to adjust to some
  91 concepts in the free software world. It would be nice if there were
  92 more Debian Edu consultants across the world. I'd love to be one
  93 myself but I'm already so over-committed that it's just not possible
  94 currently.</p>
  95
  96 <p>I think the best short-term solution to that large-scale problem is
  97 for schools to be pro-active and share their experiences and grow
  98 their skills in-house. I'm often saddened to see how much money
  99 educational institutions spend on 3rd party solutions that they don't
 100 have access to after the service has ended and they could've gotten so
 101 much more value otherwise by being more self-sustainable and
 102 autonomous.</p>
 103
 104 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
 105
 106 <p>My main laptop dual-boots between Debian and Windows 7. I was
 107 Windows free for years but started dual-booting again last year for
 108 some games which help me focus and relax (Starcraft II in
 109 particular). Gaming support on Linux is improving in leaps and bounds
 110 so I suppose I'll soon be able to regain that disk space :)</p>
 111
 112 <p>Besides that I rely on Icedove, Chromium, Terminator, Byobu, irssi,
 113 git, Tomboy, KVM, VLC and LibreOffice. Recently I've been torn on
 114 which desktop environment I like and I'm taking some refuge in Xfce
 115 while I figure that out. I like tools that keep things simple. I enjoy
 116 Python and shell scripting. I went to an Arduino workshop recently and
 117 it was awesome seeing how easy and simple the IDE software was to get
 118 up and running in Debian compared to the users running Windows and OS
 119 X.</p>
 120
 121 <p>I also use mc which some people frown upon slightly. I got used to
 122 using Norton Commander in the early 90's and it stuck (I think the
 123 people who sneer at it is just jealous that they don't know how to use
 124 it :p)
 125
 126 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
 127 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
 128
 129 <p>I think trying to force it is unproductive. I also think that in
 130 many cases it's appropriate for schools to use non-free systems and I
 131 don't think that there's any particular moral or ethical problem with
 132 that.</p>
 133
 134 <p>I do think though that free software can already solve so so many
 135 problems in educational institutions and it's just a shame not taking
 136 advantage of that.</p>
 137
 138 <p>I also think that some curricula need serious review. For example,
 139 some areas of the world rely heavily on very specific versions of MS
 140 Office, teaching students to parrot menu items instead of learning the
 141 general concepts. I think that's very unproductive because firstly, MS
 142 Office's interface changes drastically every few years and on top of
 143 that it also locks in a generation to a product that might not be the
 144 best solution for them.</p>
 145
 146 <p>To answer your question, I believe that the right strategy is to
 147 educate and inform, giving someone the information they require to
 148 make a decision that would work for them.</p>
 149
 150       </div>
 151       <div class="tags">
 152
 153
 154         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
 155
 156
 157       </div>
 158     </div>
 159     <div class="padding"></div>
 160
 161     <div class="entry">
 162       <div class="title">
 163         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Third alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
 164       </div>
 165       <div class="date">
 166         10th June 2013
 167       </div>
 168       <div class="body">
 169         <p>The third wheezy based alpha release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
 170 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
 171
 172 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.0.0 alpha2 released
 173 2013-06-10</strong></p>
 174
 175 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux 7.0.0 edu
 176 alpha2, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
 177
 178 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
 179
 180 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
 181 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
 182 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
 183 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
 184 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
 185 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
 186 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
 187 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
 188 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
 189 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
 190 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
 191 desktop contains
 192 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
 193 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
 194 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
 195 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
 196
 197 <p>This is the third test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
 198 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
 199 Squeeze release.</p>
 200
 201 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
 202
 203 <ul>
 204
 205 <li>Iceweasel was updated from 10 to 17. (DSA 2699-1)
 206 <li>Updated libxv (DSA-2674), libxvmc (DSA-2675), libxfixes (DSA-2676), libxrender (DSA-2677), mesa (DSA-2678), xserver-xorg-video-openchrome (DSA-2679), libxt (DSA-2680), libxcursor (DSA-2681), libxext (DSA-2682), libxi (DSA-2683), libxrandr (DSA-2684), libxp (DSA-2685), libxcb (DSA-2686), libfs (DSA-2687), libxres (DSA-2688), libxtst (DSA-2689), libxxf86dga (DSA-2690), libxinerama (DSA-2691), libxxf86vm (DSA-2692), libx11 (DSA-2693), chromium-browser (DSA-2695), gnutls26 (DSA-2697), wireshark (DSA-2700), krb5 (DSA-2701), telepathy-gabble (DSA-2702) and subversion (DSA-2703).
 207 <li>Switched xrdp on thin client servers to use tightvncserver instead of xvnc4.
 208 <li>Now install software oscilloscope xoscope by default.
 209 <li>Now install music tools gtick, lingot and pianobooster by default.
 210
 211 </ul>
 212
 213 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
 214
 215 <ul>
 216
 217 <li>The subnet-change script is now able to change all files needing a change on the main-server when changing the IP network used.
 218 <li>Updated translation of the installation.
 219 <li>New Romanian translation.
 220 <li>Fix security problem causing root and first user password to no longer show up in /var/cache/debconf/templates.dat.
 221 <li>Fix roaming workstation setup (Closed in libpam-mklocaluser/0.8, libpam-mklocaluser/0.8~deb7u1: #706753: libpam-mklocaluser: Fail to create local user during first login).
 222 <li>Made roaming workstation setup more robust in non-Debian Edu environments.
 223 <li>New script debian-edu-bless to transform a Debian installation to a Debian Edu profile.
 224 <li>Adjust Iceweasel setup to improve performance when $HOME is on NFS.
 225 <li>More testsuite tests.
 226 <li>Make automatic proxy configuration more robust.
 227 <li>Adjust GOsa² GUI configuration.
 228
 229 <li>Update thin client and diskless workstation setup to work with
 230 LTSP in Wheezy.</li>
 231
 232 <li>Diskless workstations now run out of the box -- no need to set
 233 them up with GOsa².</li>
 234
 235 <li>Update IMAP server setup. </li>
 236
 237 <li>Fix login into Skolelinux Backup Tool (Closed in
 238 slbackup-php/0.4.4-1: #700257: slbackup-php: Fails to submit correctly
 239 entered password). </li>
 240
 241 </ul>
 242
 243 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
 244
 245 <ul>
 246
 247 <li>DVD binary and source images are not yet ready.</li>
 248
 249 <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
 250 available yet (Open in gosa/2.7.4-4: #698840: gosa-plugin-ldapmanager:
 251 missing import feature).</li>
 252
 253 <li>Missing artwork for the KDE desktop (and probably a few others). </li>
 254
 255 <li>KDE Debian submenu lacks icons (Closed: #502192: menu-xdg: invents
 256 own icon names instead of using existing). This will remain
 257 unfixed.</li>
 258
 259 </ul>
 260
 261 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
 262
 263 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
 264
 265 <ul>
 266
 267 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso</a></li>
 268
 269 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso</a></li>
 270
 271 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso .</li>
 272
 273 </ul>
 274
 275 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 27bbcace407743382f3c42c08dbe8178
 276 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: e35f7d7908566cd3075375b3721fa10ee420d419</p>
 277
 278 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
 279
 280 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
 281
 282       </div>
 283       <div class="tags">
 284
 285
 286         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 287
 288
 289       </div>
 290     </div>
 291     <div class="padding"></div>
 292
 293     <div class="entry">
 294       <div class="title">
 295         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Is_there_a_PHP_expert_in_the_building___Debian_Edu_need_help_.html">Is there a PHP expert in the building?  Debian Edu need help!</a>
 296       </div>
 297       <div class="date">
 298          5th June 2013
 299       </div>
 300       <div class="body">
 301         <p>Here is a call for help from the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project.
 302 We have two problems blocking the release of the Wheezy version we
 303 hope to get released soon.  The two problems require some with PHP
 304 skills, and we seem to lack anyone with both time and PHP skills in
 305 the project:
 306
 307 <ol>
 308
 309 <li>It is impossible to log into the slbackup web interface
 310   (slbackup-php) using the root user and password.  This is
 311   <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/700257">BTS report #700257</a>.
 312   This used to work, but stopped working some time since Squeeze.
 313   Perhaps some obsolete PHP feature was used?</li>
 314
 315 <li>It is not possible to "mass import" user lists in Gosa, neither
 316   using ldif nor using CSV files.  The feature was disabled after a
 317   major rewrite of Gosa, and need to be ported to the new system.
 318   This is <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/698840">BTS report
 319   #698840</a>.</li>
 320
 321 </ol>
 322
 323 <p>If you can help us, please join us on IRC
 324 (<a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu on
 325 irc.debian.org</a>) and provide patches via the BTS.</p>
 326
 327       </div>
 328       <div class="tags">
 329
 330
 331         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 332
 333
 334       </div>
 335     </div>
 336     <div class="padding"></div>
 337
 338     <div class="entry">
 339       <div class="title">
 340         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__C_dric_Boutillier.html">Debian Edu interview: Cédric Boutillier</a>
 341       </div>
 342       <div class="date">
 343          4th June 2013
 344       </div>
 345       <div class="body">
 346         <p>It has been a while since my last English
 347 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
 348 interview last November.  But the developers and translators are still
 349 pulling along to get the Wheezy based release out the door, and this
 350 time I managed to get an interview from one of the French translators
 351 in the project, Cédric Boutillier.</p>
 352
 353 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
 354
 355 <p>I am 34 year old. I live near Paris, France. I am an assistant
 356 professor in probability theory. I spend my daytime teaching
 357 mathematics at the university and doing fundamental research in
 358 probability in connexion with combinatorics and statistical physics.</p>
 359
 360 <p>I have been involved in the Debian project for a couple of years
 361 and became Debian Developer a few months ago. I am working on Ruby
 362 packaging, publicity and translation.</p>
 363
 364 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
 365 project?</strong></p>
 366
 367 <p>I came to the Debian Edu project after a call for translation of
 368 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Manuals">the
 369 Debian Edu manual</a> for the release of Debian Edu Squeeze. Since
 370 then, I have been working on updating the French translation of the
 371 manual.
 372
 373 <p>I had the opportunity to make an installation of Debian Edu in a
 374 virtual machine when I was preparing localised version of some screen
 375 shots for the manual. I was amazed to see it worked out of the box and
 376 how comprehensive the list of software installed by default was.</p>
 377
 378 <p>What amazed me was the complete network infrastructure directly
 379 ready to use, which can and the nice administration interface provided
 380 by <a href="https://oss.gonicus.de/labs/gosa/">GOsa²</a>.  What pleased
 381 me also was the fact that among the software installed by default,
 382 there were many "traditional" educative software to learn languages,
 383 to count, to program... but also software to develop creativity and
 384 artistic skills with music (<a href="http://ardour.org/">Ardour</a>,
 385 <a href="http://audacity.sourceforge.net/">Audacity</a>) and
 386 movies/animation (I was especially thinking of
 387 <a href="http://linuxstopmotion.sourceforge.net/">Stopmotion</a>).</p>
 388
 389 <p>I am following the development of Debian Edu and am hanging out on
 390 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu</a>.
 391 Unfortunately, I don't much time to get more involved in this
 392 beautiful project.</p>
 393
 394 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 395 Edu?</strong></p>
 396
 397 <p>For me, the main advantages of Skolelinux/Debian Edu are its
 398 community of experts and its precise documentation, as well as the
 399 fact that it provides a solution ready to use.</p>
 400
 401 <p>I would add also the fact that it is based on the rock solid Debian
 402 distribution, which ensures stability and provides a huge collection
 403 of educational free software.</p>
 404
 405 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 406 Edu?</strong></p>
 407
 408 <p>Maybe the lack of manpower to do lobbying on the
 409 project. Sometimes, people who need to take decisions concerning IT do
 410 not have all the elements to evaluate properly free software
 411 solutions. The fact that support by a company may be difficult to find
 412 is probably a problem if the school does not have IT personnel.</p>
 413
 414 <p>One can find support from a company by looking at
 415 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Help/ProfessionalHelp">the
 416 wiki dokumentation</a>, where some countries already have a number of
 417 companies providing support for Debian Edu, like Germany or
 418 Norway. This list is easy to find readily from the manual. However,
 419 for other countries, like France, the list is empty. I guess that
 420 consultants proposing support for Debian would be able to provide some
 421 support for Debian Edu as well.</p>
 422
 423 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
 424
 425 <p>I am using the KDE Plasma Desktop. But the pieces of software I use
 426 most runs in a terminal: Mutt and OfflineIMAP for emails, latex for
 427 scientific documents, mpd for music. VIM is my editor of choice.  I am
 428 also using the mathematical software
 429 <a href="http://www.scilab.org/en/scilab/about‎">Scilab</a> and
 430 <a href="http://www.sagemath.org/index.html‎">Sage</a> (built from
 431 source as not completely packaged for Debian, yet).
 432
 433 <p><strong>Do you have any suggestions for teachers interested in
 434 using the free software in Debian to teach mathematics and
 435 statistics?</strong></p>
 436
 437 <p>I do not have any "nice" recommendations for statistics. At our
 438 university, we use both <a href="http://www.r-project.org/‎">R</a> and
 439 Scilab to teach statistics and probabilistic simulations. For
 440 geometry, there are nice programs:</p>
 441
 442 <ul>
 443
 444 <li><a href="http://www.drgeo.eu/">drgeo</a> and
 445 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/applications/all/kig‎">kig</a> to do
 446 constructions in planar geometry
 447
 448 <li><a href="http://www.geom.uiuc.edu/software/download/kali.html">kali</a>
 449 to discover symmetry groups (the so-called wallpapers and frieze
 450 groups), although the interface looks a bit old.</li>
 451
 452 </ul>
 453
 454 <p>I like also
 455 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/applications/all/cantor">cantor</a>, which
 456 provides a uniform interface to SciLab, Sage,
 457 <a href="http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Octave‎">Octave</a>, etc...</p>
 458
 459 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
 460 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
 461
 462 <p>My suggestions would be to</p>
 463
 464 <ul>
 465
 466 <li>advertise the reduction of costs when free software is used.</li>
 467
 468 <li>communicate about the quality of free software projects, using
 469     well known examples like Firefox, ThunderBird and
 470     OpenOffice.org/LibreOffice.</li>
 471
 472 <li>advertise the living and strong community around the project.</li>
 473
 474 <li>show that it is not more difficult to use than any other
 475     system.</li>
 476
 477 </ul>
 478
 479       </div>
 480       <div class="tags">
 481
 482
 483         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
 484
 485
 486       </div>
 487     </div>
 488     <div class="padding"></div>
 489
 490     <div class="entry">
 491       <div class="title">
 492         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">Educational applications included in Debian Edu / Skolelinux (the screenshot collection :-)</a>
 493       </div>
 494       <div class="date">
 495          1st June 2013
 496       </div>
 497       <div class="body">
 498         <p>Included in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
 499 Skolelinux</a>, there are quite a lot of educational software.
 500 Created to help teachers teach, and pupils learn.  We have tried to
 501 tag them all using debtags use::learning and role::program, and using
 502 the debtags I was happy to be able to create a collage of the
 503 educational software packages installed by default, sorted by the
 504 debtag field.  Here it is.  Click on a image to learn more about the
 505 program.</p>
 506
 507 <!-- for f in $(debtags tagcat|grep field::|awk '{print $2}'); do   echo; echo "<p><strong>$f</strong></p>"; echo "<p>";   (     for p in $(debtags search --names "use::learning && interface::x11 && role::program && $f"); do img="<img src='http://screenshots.debian.net/thumbnail/$p' alt='$p'>"; if dpkg -s $p > /dev/null 2>&1; then           echo "<a href='http://packages.qa.debian.org/$p'>$img</a>"; fi;     done;   ) | LANG=C sort; echo "</p>"; done -->
 508
 509 <p><strong>field::arts</strong></p>
 510 <p>
 511 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=audacity'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/audacity.png' alt='audacity'></a>
 512 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
 513 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=denemo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/denemo.png' alt='denemo'></a>
 514 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=freebirth'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/freebirth.png' alt='freebirth'></a>
 515 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
 516 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gimp'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gimp.png' alt='gimp'></a>
 517 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=hydrogen'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/hydrogen.png' alt='hydrogen'></a>
 518 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=lilypond'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/lilypond.png' alt='lilypond'></a>
 519 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=lmms'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/lmms.png' alt='lmms'></a>
 520 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=rosegarden'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/rosegarden.png' alt='rosegarden'></a>
 521 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scribus'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scribus.png' alt='scribus'></a>
 522 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=solfege'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/solfege.png' alt='solfege'></a>
 523 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=stopmotion'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/stopmotion.png' alt='stopmotion'></a>
 524 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=tuxpaint'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/tuxpaint.png' alt='tuxpaint'></a>
 525 </p>
 526
 527 <p><strong>field::astronomy</strong></p>
 528 <p>
 529 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=celestia-gnome'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/celestia-gnome.png' alt='celestia-gnome'></a>
 530 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gpredict'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gpredict.png' alt='gpredict'></a>
 531 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kstars'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kstars.png' alt='kstars'></a>
 532 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=planets'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/planets.png' alt='planets'></a>
 533 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=stellarium'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/stellarium.png' alt='stellarium'></a>
 534 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xplanet'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xplanet.png' alt='xplanet'></a>
 535 </p>
 536
 537 <p><strong>field::biology:structural</strong></p>
 538 <p>
 539 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=pymol'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/pymol.png' alt='pymol'></a>
 540 </p>
 541
 542 <p><strong>field::chemistry</strong></p>
 543 <p>
 544 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=atomix'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/atomix.png' alt='atomix'></a>
 545 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=chemtool'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/chemtool.png' alt='chemtool'></a>
 546 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=easychem'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/easychem.png' alt='easychem'></a>
 547 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gchempaint'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gchempaint.png' alt='gchempaint'></a>
 548 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gdis'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gdis.png' alt='gdis'></a>
 549 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=ghemical'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/ghemical.png' alt='ghemical'></a>
 550 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gperiodic'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gperiodic.png' alt='gperiodic'></a>
 551 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kalzium'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kalzium.png' alt='kalzium'></a>
 552 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=pymol'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/pymol.png' alt='pymol'></a>
 553 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=viewmol'>[viewmol]</a>
 554 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xdrawchem'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xdrawchem.png' alt='xdrawchem'></a>
 555 </p>
 556
 557 <p><strong>field::electronics</strong></p>
 558 <p>
 559 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
 560 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gpsim'>[gpsim]</a>
 561 </p>
 562
 563 <p><strong>field::geography</strong></p>
 564 <p>
 565 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kgeography'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kgeography.png' alt='kgeography'></a>
 566 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=marble'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/marble.png' alt='marble'></a>
 567 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xplanet'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xplanet.png' alt='xplanet'></a>
 568 </p>
 569
 570 <p><strong>field::linguistics</strong></p>
 571 <p>
 572 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
 573 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kanagram'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kanagram.png' alt='kanagram'></a>
 574 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=khangman'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/khangman.png' alt='khangman'></a>
 575 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=klettres'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/klettres.png' alt='klettres'></a>
 576 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=parley'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/parley.png' alt='parley'></a>
 577 </p>
 578
 579 <p><strong>field::mathematics</strong></p>
 580 <p>
 581 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
 582 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=drgeo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/drgeo.png' alt='drgeo'></a>
 583 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
 584 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=geogebra'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/geogebra.png' alt='geogebra'></a>
 585 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=geomview'>[geomview]</a>
 586 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=grace'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/grace.png' alt='grace'></a>
 587 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=graphmonkey'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/graphmonkey.png' alt='graphmonkey'></a>
 588 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=graphthing'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/graphthing.png' alt='graphthing'></a>
 589 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kalgebra'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kalgebra.png' alt='kalgebra'></a>
 590 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kbruch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kbruch.png' alt='kbruch'></a>
 591 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kig'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kig.png' alt='kig'></a>
 592 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kmplot'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kmplot.png' alt='kmplot'></a>
 593 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=mathwar'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/mathwar.png' alt='mathwar'></a>
 594 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=rocs'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/rocs.png' alt='rocs'></a>
 595 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scratch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scratch.png' alt='scratch'></a>
 596 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=tuxmath'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/tuxmath.png' alt='tuxmath'></a>
 597 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xabacus'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xabacus.png' alt='xabacus'></a>
 598 </p>
 599
 600 <p><strong>field::physics</strong></p>
 601 <p>
 602 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
 603 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=step'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/step.png' alt='step'></a>
 604 </p>
 605
 606 <p><strong>field::TODO</strong></p>
 607 <p>
 608 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=blinken'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/blinken.png' alt='blinken'></a>
 609 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=cgoban'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/cgoban.png' alt='cgoban'></a>
 610 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
 611 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
 612 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gnuchess'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gnuchess.png' alt='gnuchess'></a>
 613 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gnugo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gnugo.png' alt='gnugo'></a>
 614 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gtans'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gtans.png' alt='gtans'></a>
 615 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=ktouch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/ktouch.png' alt='ktouch'></a>
 616 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=librecad'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/librecad.png' alt='librecad'></a>
 617 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scratch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scratch.png' alt='scratch'></a>
 618 </p>
 619
 620 <p>In total, 61 applications.  3 of them lacked screen shots on
 621 <a href="http://screenshot.debian.net">screenshot.debian.net</a>.  If
 622 you know of some packages we should install by default, please let us
 623 know on <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">IRC, #debian-edu
 624 on irc.debian.org</a>, or our
 625 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">mailing list
 626 debian-edu@</a>.</p>
 627
 628       </div>
 629       <div class="tags">
 630
 631
 632         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 633
 634
 635       </div>
 636     </div>
 637     <div class="padding"></div>
 638
 639     <div class="entry">
 640       <div class="title">
 641         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Nirosan_Thiyagalingam.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Nirosan Thiyagalingam</a>
 642       </div>
 643       <div class="date">
 644         24th May 2013
 645       </div>
 646       <div class="body">
 647         <p>En ting
 648 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektet</a> har
 649 hatt mye glede av er studentprosjekter.  F.eks.  er
 650 <a href="http://linuxstopmotion.org/">stillbildeanimasjonssystemet
 651 Stopmotion</a> resultat av et studentprosjekt i Skolelinux.  De siste
 652 månedene har en ivrig student veiledet av Marius Kotsbak i
 653 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRiSK</a> testet hva en
 654 kan få til med en datamaskin til NOK 400,- (antagelig 1700,- med
 655 skjerm, tastatur og mus) når det brukes i Skolelinux.  Jeg spurte han
 656 om et intervju.</p>
 657
 658 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
 659
 660 <p>Jeg heter Nirosan Thiyagalingam. Jeg er 24 år og studerer
 661 dataingeniør studiet ved Høgskolen i Sør Trøndelag. Interessen for
 662 data har siden ung alder vært tilstede og jeg har i tillegg alltid
 663 vært glad i å lære nye ting. Med teknologi som endres svært hurtig er
 664 det alltid noe nytt å lære.  Noe som igjen har gjort det svært
 665 interessant å følge med på utviklingen.  Jeg valgte dataingeniør
 666 studiet grunnet ønske om å lære enda mer om programmering og utvikling
 667 av store systemer.</p>
 668
 669 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
 670
 671 <p>Skolelinux prosjektet hørte jeg først om i media. Men det var først
 672 når jeg skulle velge bacheloroppgave at jeg fattet mer interesse for
 673 prosjektet. Et enkelt søk på nettet førte meg til skolelinux sine
 674 hjemmesider.  Informasjonen jeg fant der gjorde meg enda nysgjerrig og
 675 jeg valgte derfor en oppgave som gikk ut på å få en
 676 <a href="http://www.raspberrypi.org">Raspberry PI</a>.  Altså en
 677 ultra-billig datamaskin til å kjøre Debian Edu på lik linje med
 678 vanlige datamaskiner. I løpet av prosjektet ble det gjort mye
 679 forskning på nettet. Det var mye jeg måtte forstå rundt hvordan
 680 operativsystemet Linux fungerte før jeg kunne angripe
 681 problemet. Prøvde først å finne ut hvordan man kunne transformere en
 682 vanlig installasjon av Skolelinux til Raspberry PI, men dette var
 683 altfor vanskelig å jeg endte opp med mer spørsmål enn svar. Det ble
 684 videre opprettet kontakt med Skolelinux utviklere på IRC der jeg fikk
 685 diskutert hvilken retning jeg burde gå for å få til en fullverdig
 686 løsning. Det ble bestemt at jeg skulle gå for å først installere
 687 <a href="http://www.raspbian.org/">Raspian</a>. Dette er et
 688 operativsystem basert på Debian spesiallaget for Raspberry Pi sin
 689 maskinvare. Nå som Debian var installert på datamaskinen gjenstod det
 690 å installere de nødvendige Skolelinux pakkene for å få til et
 691 fullverdig system. Disse pakkene ble installert manuelt i første
 692 omgang, men ble senere installert automatisk via et script som Petter
 693 Reinholdtsen laget. Dette scriptet er så enkel å bruke at man er i
 694 gang med installasjonen i løpet av bare 5 minutter. Ikke nok med det,
 695 alt skjer helt automatisk. Alt i alt er jeg veldig fornøyd med
 696 resultatet av installasjonsprosessen. Raspberry Pi er en veldig svak
 697 maskin og det merkes godt når man har installert Skolelinux på
 698 den. Video og 3D-rendering fungerer utrolig dårlig, men nettsurfing og
 699 kontorprogrammer fungerer godt.  Det kan derfor konkluderes med at
 700 datamaskinen er egnet for enkle oppgaver.
 701
 702 <p>Jeg syns det er viktig påpeke at dette kun er startfasen av en slik
 703 løsning. På markedet finnes det nå maskiner som har bedre hardware enn
 704 Raspberry Pi. Det er store muligheter for at man kan klare å
 705 installere Skolelinux på disse også, og da forsvinner nok mest
 706 sannsynlig ytelsesproblemene med Video og 3D rendering også.</p>
 707
 708 <p>Det ble også prøvd med en løsning som gjorde at Raspberry Pi
 709 fungerte som en tynnklient. Denne løsningen hadde langt bedre ytelse
 710 med tanke på hastighet og brukeropplevelse. Men også her var video og
 711 3D rendering dårlig. Det ble brukt en liten Linux distribusjon kalt
 712 <a href="http://www.berryterminal.com/">BerryTerminal</a> for å få til
 713 dette.</p>
 714
 715 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
 716
 717 <p>Fordelen med Skolelinux er mange. At det er gratis er en stor
 718 fordel, men at det er så mange som er med på å utvikle det og
 719 vedlikeholde det er en enda større fordel. Allerede før jeg startet
 720 med prosjektet så jeg mange fordeler, og når jeg nærmet meg sluttfasen
 721 så jeg langt flere. At prosjektet skulle inneha en så høy kvalitet
 722 hadde jeg aldri trodd. En vanlig Skolelinux installasjon har de
 723 nødvendige programmene og funksjonen som både små og store skoler i
 724 tillegg til organisasjoner kan klare seg med.  At prosjektet tilbyr en
 725 så komplett løsning er en kjempefordel.  Installasjonen er knirkefri
 726 og det er svært enkelt å installere og komme i gang.</p>
 727
 728 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
 729
 730 <p>Ulempene jeg ser med prosjektet er ryddigheten av websidene. Selv
 731 om websidene er enkle og konsise er det allikevel ikke appellerende i
 732 like stor grad som for eksempel
 733 <a href="http://www.ubuntu.com">Ubuntu</a> sine sider.  Deres side
 734 tilbyr, i tillegg til godt design og presentasjon, en nettbasert
 735 emulator av deres operativsystem. Dette er en stor fordel slik jeg ser
 736 det.  Bortsett fra dette ser jeg absolutt ingen ulemper med
 737 Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
 738
 739 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
 740
 741 <p>Til daglig er jeg en flittig bruker av det åpne media
 742 sentersystemet <a href="http://xbmc.org/">XBMC</a>. Det enorme
 743 samfunnet rundt dette prosjektet har gjort dette til et program som
 744 dekker alles behov. Man kan tilpasse det akkurat slik man vil både med
 745 tanke på utseende og funksjoner ved installere plug-ins eller
 746 scripts.</p>
 747
 748 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
 749 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
 750
 751 <p>Strategien som burde brukes sett fra mine øyne er
 752 markedsføring. Jeg er sikker på at om flere skoler fikk et lite innsyn
 753 i hvor bra Skolelinux er så ville de ikke nølt med å gå over fra noe
 754 annet som koster de store summer. At skolelinux til de grader tilbyr
 755 en så komplett løsning bure komme frem. Enten via reklamekampanjer
 756 eller ved å sende ut folk til skoler for så å la skolenettverk
 757 ansvarlige få teste ut hvordan Skolelinux fungerer i praksis. Om det
 758 i tillegg ble utviklet gode websider og en emulator for å la brukere
 759 prøve operativsystemet ville nok dette ha styrket inntrykket
 760 betraktelig.</p>
 761
 762       </div>
 763       <div class="tags">
 764
 765
 766         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
 767
 768
 769       </div>
 770     </div>
 771     <div class="padding"></div>
 772
 773     <div class="entry">
 774       <div class="title">
 775         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_transform_a_Debian_based_system_to_a_Debian_Edu_installation.html">How to transform a Debian based system to a Debian Edu installation</a>
 776       </div>
 777       <div class="date">
 778         17th May 2013
 779       </div>
 780       <div class="body">
 781         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> is
 782 an operating system based on Debian intended for use in schools.  It
 783 contain a turn-key solution for the computer network provided to
 784 pupils in the primary schools.  It provide both the central server,
 785 network boot servers and desktop environments with heaps of
 786 educational software.  The project was founded almost 12 years ago,
 787 2001-07-02.  If you want to support the project, which is in need for
 788 cash to fund developer gatherings and other project related activity,
 789 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/donations.html">please
 790 donate some money</a>.
 791
 792 <p>A topic that come up again and again on the Debian Edu mailing
 793 lists and elsewhere, is the question on how to transform a Debian or
 794 Ubuntu installation into a Debian Edu installation.  It isn't very
 795 hard, and last week I wrote a script to replicate the steps done by
 796 the Debian Edu installer.</p>
 797
 798 <p>The script,
 799 <a href="http://anonscm.debian.org/viewvc/debian-edu/branches/wheezy/debian-edu-config/share/debian-edu-config/tools/debian-edu-bless?view=markup">debian-edu-bless<a/>
 800 in the debian-edu-config package, will go through these six steps and
 801 transform an existing Debian Wheezy or Ubuntu (untested) installation
 802 into a Debian Edu Workstation:</p>
 803
 804 <ol>
 805
 806 <li>Add skolelinux related APT sources.</li>
 807 <li>Create /etc/debian-edu/config with the wanted configuration.</li>
 808 <li>Install debian-edu-install to load preseeding values and pull in
 809     our configuration.</li>
 810 <li>Preseed debconf database with profile setup in
 811     /etc/debian-edu/config, and run tasksel to install packages
 812     according to the profile specified in the config above,
 813     overriding some of the Debian automation machinery.</li>
 814 <li>Run debian-edu-cfengine-D installation to configure everything
 815     that could not be done using preseeding.</li>
 816 <li>Ask for a reboot to enable all the configuration changes.</li>
 817
 818 </ol>
 819
 820 <p>There are some steps in the Debian Edu installation that can not be
 821 replicated like this.  Disk partitioning and LVM setup, for example.
 822 So this script just assume there is enough disk space to install all
 823 the needed packages.</p>
 824
 825 <p>The script was created to help a Debian Edu student working on
 826 setting up <a href="http://www.raspberrypi.org">Raspberry Pi</a> as a
 827 Debian Edu client, and using it he can take the existing
 828 <a href="http://www.raspbian.org/FrontPage‎">Raspbian</a> installation and
 829 transform it into a fully functioning Debian Edu Workstation (or
 830 Roaming Workstation, or whatever :).</p>
 831
 832 <p>The default setting in the script is to create a KDE Workstation.
 833 If a LXDE based Roaming workstation is wanted instead, modify the
 834 PROFILE and DESKTOP values at the top to look like this instead:</p>
 835
 836 <p><pre>
 837 PROFILE="Roaming-Workstation"
 838 DESKTOP="lxde"
 839 </pre></p>
 840
 841 <p>The script could even become useful to set up Debian Edu servers in
 842 the cloud, by starting with a virtual Debian installation at some
 843 virtual hosting service and setting up all the services on first
 844 boot.</p>
 845
 846       </div>
 847       <div class="tags">
 848
 849
 850         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 851
 852
 853       </div>
 854     </div>
 855     <div class="padding"></div>
 856
 857     <div class="entry">
 858       <div class="title">
 859         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Second alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
 860       </div>
 861       <div class="date">
 862         14th May 2013
 863       </div>
 864       <div class="body">
 865         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
 866 project</a> is making great progress and made its second Wheezy based
 867 release today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
 868
 869 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.0.0 alpha1 released
 870 2013-05-14</strong></p>
 871
 872 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux 7.0.0 edu
 873 alpha1, based on <a href="http://www.debian.org">Debian</a> with
 874 codename "Wheezy".</p>
 875
 876 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
 877
 878 <p>Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux, is a Linux distribution based
 879 on Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
 880 configured school network. Immediatly after installation a school
 881 server running all services needed for a school network is set up just
 882 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
 883 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
 884 initial installation of the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all
 885 other machines can be installed via the network.</p>
 886
 887 <p>This is the first test release based on Wheezy (which currently is
 888 not released yet). Basically this is an updated and slightly improved
 889 version compared to the Squeeze release.</p>
 890
 891 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
 892 <ul>
 893   <li>Install freemind (0.9.0) by default, and stop installing vym by
 894     default.</li>
 895   <li>Install chromium (26.0.1410.43) by default.</li>
 896   <li>Install goplay (0.5-1.1) to make golearn available by default.</li>
 897   <li>Updated support for Japanese input methods, now based on
 898     ibus-anthy.</li>
 899 </ul>
 900
 901 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
 902 <ul>
 903
 904   <li>Switched default file system from ext3 to ext4 for speed and
 905     reliability improvements.</li>
 906   <li>Got rid of unwanted winbind daemon and PAM setup activated because
 907     of <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/706434">706434</a>.</li>
 908   <li>Extended and improved the testsuite tests to detect more possible
 909     problems.</li>
 910   <li>Corrected proxy handling to not set http_proxy to a bogus
 911     direct:// URL.</li>
 912   <li>Corrected proxy setup for diskless workstations.</li>
 913   <li>Corrected PXE setup to use our updated udebs during installation.</li>
 914   <li>Made installation handling of low entropy level more robust.</li>
 915   <li>Create larger partitions for Roaming workstations and Thin client
 916     servers, to make room for all the software installed.</li>
 917   <li>Fix bug in Roaming workstation PAM setup, making it impossible to
 918     log in (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/706753">706753</a>).</li>
 919 </ul>
 920
 921 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
 922 <ul>
 923
 924   <li>IP resolution for the local hostname give useless IPv6 address
 925     (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/705900">705900</a>).  Only install
 926     libnss-myhostname on roaming workstations until it is fixed.</li>
 927   <li>DVD images are not yet ready.</li>
 928   <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
 929     available yet (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/698840">698840</a>).</li>
 930   <li>Missing artwork for the KDE desktop (and probably a few others).</li>
 931   <li>KDE Debian submenu lacks icons.</li>
 932   <li>LXDE menu lacks entry for changing GOsa password
 933     (website). Installing gosa-desktop will be an option.</li>
 934   <li>Backup configuration via web interface is impossible due to
 935     password submission problem
 936     (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/700257">700257</a>).</li>
 937
 938 </ul>
 939
 940 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
 941
 942 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
 943 <ul>
 944
 945   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</a></li>
 946   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</a></li>
 947   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</li>
 948
 949 </ul>
 950
 951 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 685ed76c1aa8e44b12d3fde21faf450b</p>
 952
 953 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 6c874de157024da13e115bab29c068080a11ec4c</p>
 954
 955 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
 956
 957 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
 958
 959       </div>
 960       <div class="tags">
 961
 962
 963         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 964
 965
 966       </div>
 967     </div>
 968     <div class="padding"></div>
 969
 970     <div class="entry">
 971       <div class="title">
 972         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Narvik_sparer_minst_9_millioner_p____bruke_Skolelinux.html">Narvik sparer minst 9 millioner på å bruke Skolelinux</a>
 973       </div>
 974       <div class="date">
 975         10th May 2013
 976       </div>
 977       <div class="body">
 978         <p>I fjor sommer ble jeg
 979 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">gledelig
 980 overrasket</a> over et oppslag i avisen Fremover om Narvik kommunes
 981 bruk av <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>.  Oppslaget
 982 var basert på et notat som besvarte spørsmål fra ordfører Tor Nysæter
 983 og rådgiver for skolesektoren, Petter Falkbu, om bruken av Skolelinux
 984 i Narvikskolene og konstnaden ved å gå over til Windows.  For litt
 985 over en uke siden siden fikk jeg endelig bedt kommunen om å få innsyn
 986 i dette notatet, og det ble oversendt på epost tirsdag.  Jeg fikk
 987 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/pub/offentliginnsyn/from-Narvik-kommune/2013-04-29-09:12-skolelinux-notat/PetterFalkbuogwindowsfornarvikskolen%20(L)351310.pdf">lagt
 988 ut notatet</a> samme dag, og fikk i dag sjekket postlista til Narvik,
 989 der jeg fant notatet som
 990 <a href="https://www.narvik.kommune.no/innsyn.aspx?response=arkivsak_detaljer&arkivsakid=2013001023&scripturi=/innsyn.aspx&skin=infolink&Mid1=301&">sak
 991 2013/1023</a>.</p>
 992
 993 <p>Notatet forteller at Narvik ville måtte betalt minst 9 millioner
 994 for å gå over til Windows på skolene.  I tillegg dokumenterer notatet
 995 at læreplanens krav oppfylles uten problemer ved bruk av Skolelinux.
 996 Jeg anbefaler alle å lese de 10 sidene med gode argumenter for å kutte
 997 unødige utgifter på IT i skoleverket. :)</p>
 998
 999       </div>
1000       <div class="tags">
1001
1002
1003         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
1004
1005
1006       </div>
1007     </div>
1008     <div class="padding"></div>
1009
1010     <div class="entry">
1011       <div class="title">
1012         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Wheezy_is_out___and_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_should_soon_follow___newinwheezy.html">Debian Wheezy is out - and Debian Edu / Skolelinux should soon follow! #newinwheezy</a>
1013       </div>
1014       <div class="date">
1015          5th May 2013
1016       </div>
1017       <div class="body">
1018         <p>When I woke up this morning, I was very happy to see that the
1019 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2013/20130504">release announcement
1020 for Debian Wheezy</a> was waiting in my mail box.  This is a great
1021 Debian release, and I expect to move my machines at home over to it fairly
1022 soon.</p>
1023
1024 <p>The new debian release contain heaps of new stuff, and one program
1025 in particular make me very happy to see included.  The
1026 <a href="http://scratch.mit.edu/">Scratch</a> program, made famous by
1027 the <a href="http://www.code.org/">Teach kids code</a> movement, is
1028 included for the first time.  Alongside similar programs like
1029 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/kturtle/">kturtle</a> and
1030 <a href="http://wiki.sugarlabs.org/go/Activities/Turtle_Art">turtleart</a>,
1031 it allow for visual programming where syntax errors can not happen,
1032 and a friendly programming environment for learning to control the
1033 computer.  Scratch will also be included in the next release of Debian
1034 Edu.</a>
1035
1036 <p>And now that Wheezy is wrapped up, we can wrap up the next Debian
1037 Edu/Skolelinux release too.  The
1038 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/2013/04/msg00132.html">first
1039 alpha release</a> went out last week, and the next should soon
1040 follow.<p>
1041
1042       </div>
1043       <div class="tags">
1044
1045
1046         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1047
1048
1049       </div>
1050     </div>
1051     <div class="padding"></div>
1052
1053     <div class="entry">
1054       <div class="title">
1055         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">First alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
1056       </div>
1057       <div class="date">
1058         26th April 2013
1059       </div>
1060       <div class="body">
1061         <p>The Debian Edu / Skolelinux project is still going strong and made
1062 its first Wheezy based release today.  This is the release
1063 announcement:</p>
1064
1065 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu ~7.0.0 alpha0 released
1066 2013-04-26</strong></p>
1067
1068 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux ~7.0.0
1069 edu alpha0, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
1070
1071 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
1072
1073 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
1074 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
1075 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
1076 network. Immediatly after installation a school server running all
1077 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
1078 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
1079 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
1080 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
1081 installed via the network.</p>
1082
1083 <p>This is the first test release based on Wheezy (which currently is
1084 not released yet). Basically this is an updated and slightly improved
1085 version compared to the Squeeze release.</p>
1086
1087 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
1088
1089 <ul>
1090 <li>Everything which is new in Debian Wheezy, eg:
1091   <ul>
1092      <li>Linux kernel 3.2.x</li>
1093      <li>Desktop environments KDE "Plasma" 4.8.4, GNOME 3.4, and LXDE 4
1094          (KDE is installed by default; to choose GNOME or LXDE: see
1095          manual.)</li>
1096      <li>Web browser Iceweasel 10 ESR</li>
1097      <li>LibreOffice 3.5.4</li>
1098      <li>LTSP 5.4.2</li>
1099      <li>GOsa 2.7.4</li>
1100      <li>CUPS print system 1.5.3</li>
1101      <li>Educational toolbox GCompris 12.01</li>
1102      <li>Music creator Rosegarden 12.04</li>
1103      <li>Image editor Gimp 2.8.2</li>
1104      <li>Virtual universe Celestia 1.6.1</li>
1105      <li>Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.11.3</li>
1106      <li>Scratch visual programming environment 1.4.0.6</li>
1107      <li>New version of debian-installer from Debian Wheezy, see
1108          <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/installmanual">installation
1109          manual</a> for more details.</li>
1110      <li>Debian Wheezy includes about 37000 packages available for
1111          installation.</li>
1112      <li>More information about Debian Wheezy 7.0 is provided in the
1113          <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/releasenotes">release notes</a> and the <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/installmanual">installation manual</a>.</li>
1114   </ul></li>
1115 </ul>
1116
1117 <p><strong>Documentation</strong></p>
1118 <ul>
1119 <li>The (<a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy">English</a>) Debian Edu Wheezy Manual is fully translated to
1120     German, French, Italian and Danish. Partly translated versions exist
1121     for Norwegian Bokmal and Spanish.</li>
1122 </ul>
1123
1124 <p><Strong>LDAP related changes</strong></p>
1125 <ul>
1126 <li>Slight changes to some objects and acls to have more types to
1127     choose from when adding systems in GOsa. Now systems can be of type
1128     server, workstation, printer, terminal or netdevice.</li>
1129 </ul>
1130
1131 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
1132 <ul>
1133 <li>LTSP clients start as diskless workstation / thin client can be
1134     configured via command line argument -- or individually adding an
1135     entry in lts.conf or LDAP.<li>
1136 <li>GOsa gui: Now some options that seemed to be available, but are non
1137     functional, are greyed out (or are not clickable). Some tabs are
1138     completely hidden to the end user, others even to the GOsa admin.</li>
1139 </ul>
1140
1141 <p><strong>Regressions</strong></p>
1142 <ul>
1143 <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv) available
1144     yet.</li>
1145 </ul>
1146
1147 <p><strong>No updated artwork</strong></p>
1148
1149 <ul>
1150 <li>Updated artwork which is visible during installation, in the login
1151     screen and as desktop wallpaper is still missing or the same as we
1152     had for our Squeeze based release.</li>
1153 </ul>
1154
1155 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
1156
1157 To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use
1158 <ul>
1159 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</a></li>
1160 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</a></li>
1161 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</li>
1162 </ul>
1163
1164 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: c5e773ddafdaa4f48c409c682f598b6c</p>
1165
1166 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 25934fabb9b7d20235499a0a51f08ce6c54215f2</p>
1167
1168 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
1169
1170 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
1171
1172       </div>
1173       <div class="tags">
1174
1175
1176         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1177
1178
1179       </div>
1180     </div>
1181     <div class="padding"></div>
1182
1183     <div class="entry">
1184       <div class="title">
1185         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_developer_gathering_in_2013_take_place_in_Trondheim.html">First Debian Edu / Skolelinux developer gathering in 2013 take place in Trondheim</a>
1186       </div>
1187       <div class="date">
1188         16th April 2013
1189       </div>
1190       <div class="body">
1191         <p>This years first <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux /
1192 Debian Edu</a> developer gathering take place the coming weekend in Trondheim.
1193 Details about the gathering can be found
1194 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering/2013-04-19-21-Trondheim">on
1195 the FRiSK wiki</a>.  The dates are 19-21th of April 2013, and online
1196 participation for those unable to make it in person is very welcome,
1197 and I plan to participate online myself as I could not leave Oslo this
1198 weekend.</p>
1199
1200 <p>The focus of the gathering is to work on the web pages and project
1201 infrastructure, and to continue the work on the Wheezy based Debian
1202 Edu release.</p>
1203
1204 <p>See you on <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">IRC, #debian-edu on irc.debian.org,</a> then?</p>
1205
1206       </div>
1207       <div class="tags">
1208
1209
1210         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1211
1212
1213       </div>
1214     </div>
1215     <div class="padding"></div>
1216
1217     <div class="entry">
1218       <div class="title">
1219         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_6_got_a_video_review_from_Pcwizz.html">Skolelinux 6 got a video review from Pcwizz</a>
1220       </div>
1221       <div class="date">
1222         17th March 2013
1223       </div>
1224       <div class="body">
1225         <p>Via
1226 <a href="https://twitter.com/pcwizz/status/313044373262716930">twitter</a>
1227 I just discovered that <a href="http://pcwizz.net/">Pcwizz</a> have
1228 done a <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wPzTZ61Pcuc">video
1229 review</a> on Youtube of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux
1230 / Debian Edu</a> version 6.  He installed the standalone profile and
1231 the video show a walk-through of of the menu content, demonstration of
1232 a few programs and his view of our distribution.</p>
1233
1234 <p>There is also some really nice quotes (transcribed by me, might
1235 have heard wrong).  While looking thought the Graphics menu:</p>
1236
1237 <blockquote>
1238 "Basically everything you ever need in a school environment."
1239 </blockquote>
1240
1241 <p>And as a general evaluation of the entire distribution:</p>
1242
1243 <blockquote>
1244 "So, yeah, a bit bloated.  It kept all the Debian stuff in there, just
1245 to keep it nice and GNU.  So, I do not want to go on about it, but
1246 lets give it 7 out of 10.  I am not going to use it.  That is because
1247 I am not deploying a school network.  There may be some mythical
1248 feature to help you deploy Skolelinux on a school network."
1249 </blockquote>
1250
1251 <p>To bad he did not test the server profile, and discovered the PXE
1252 installation option.  It make it possible to install only the main
1253 server from CD, and the rest of the machines via the net, and might be
1254 considered the mythical feature he talk about. :)</p>
1255
1256 <p>While looking through the menus, there is also this funny comment
1257 about the part of the K menu generated from the Debian menu subsystem:
1258
1259 <blockquote>
1260 "[The K menu] have a special Debian section for software that no-one
1261 is going to look at, because it contain lots of junky stuff that you
1262 actually don't need in the education distribution, but have just been
1263 included because it isn't stripped out for some reason."
1264 </blockquote>
1265
1266 <p>I guess it is yet another argument for merging the Debian menu and
1267 Gnome/KDE desktop menu entries into
1268 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/Proposals/DebianMenuUsingDesktopEntries">one
1269 consistent menu system</a> instead of two incomplete and partly
1270 inconsistent menu systems.</p>
1271
1272 <p>The entire video is available below for those accepting iframe
1273 embedding:</p>
1274
1275 <iframe width="560" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/wPzTZ61Pcuc" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
1276
1277       </div>
1278       <div class="tags">
1279
1280
1281         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
1282
1283
1284       </div>
1285     </div>
1286     <div class="padding"></div>
1287
1288     <div class="entry">
1289       <div class="title">
1290         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_Squeeze_update_released.html">First Skolelinux / Debian Edu Squeeze update released</a>
1291       </div>
1292       <div class="date">
1293          8th March 2013
1294       </div>
1295       <div class="body">
1296         <p>Last Sunday, 2013-03-03,, Holger Levsen announced the first update
1297 of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
1298 based on Debian Squeeze.  This is the first update since
1299 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">the
1300 initial release 2012-03-11</a>.  This is the
1301 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2013/03/msg00000.html">release
1302 announcement email from Holger</a>:</p>
1303
1304 <blockquote><p>Hi,</p>
1305
1306 <p>it's my pleasure to announce the immediate availability of Debian
1307 Edu 6.0.7+r1 ("Debian Edu Squeeze").</p>
1308
1309 <p>Debian Edu 6.0.7+r1 is an incremental update to Debian Edu
1310 6.0.4+r0, containing all the changes between Debian 6.0.4 and 6.0.7 as
1311 well Debian Edu specific bugfixes and enhancements. See below (in this
1312 mail) for the full list of (edu) changes.  Please see
1313 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311">http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311</a>
1314 for more information on "Debian Edu Squeeze".</p>
1315
1316 <p>Images are available for download at
1317 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/</a></p>
1318
1319 <p>md5sums:
1320 <br>1fe79eb4f0f9ae1c58fc318e26cc1e2e  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-CD.iso
1321 <br>a6ddd924a8bd9a1b5ca122e8fe1c34ec  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-DVD.iso
1322 <br>ac6c72cd7925ccec51bfbf58e2a7c69c  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-source-DVD.iso</p>
1323
1324 <p>sha1sums:
1325 <br>a4b58233b672a99c7df8dc24fb6de3327654a5c3  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-CD.iso
1326 <br>9b524915e0ff2aa793f13d93123e5bd2bab2dbaa  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-DVD.iso
1327 <br>43997614893fc5e9e59ad6ce066b05d07fd836fa  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-source-DVD.iso</p>
1328
1329 <p>These images are suitable for amd64+i386.</p>
1330
1331 <p>Changes for Debian Edu 6.0.7+r1 Codename "Squeeze", released
1332 2013-03-03:</p>
1333
1334 <ul>
1335   <li>sitesummary was updated from 0.1.3 to 0.1.8
1336   <ul>
1337         <li>Make Nagios configuration more robust and efficient</li>
1338         <li>Comply with 3.X kernel</li>
1339   </ul></li>
1340   <li>debian-edu-doc from 1.4~20120310~6.0.4+r0 to 1.4~20130228~6.0.7+r1
1341   <ul>
1342         <li>Minor updates from the wiki</li>
1343         <li>Danish translation now complete</li>
1344   </ul></li>
1345   <li>debian-edu-config from 1.453 to 1.455
1346      <ul>
1347         <li>Fix /etc/hosts for LTSP diskless workstations. Closes: #699880</li>
1348         <li>Make ltsp_local_mount script work for multiple devices.</li>
1349         <li>Correct Kerberos user policy: don't expire password after 2 days.
1350                 Closes: #664596</li>
1351         <li>Handle '#' characters in the root or first users password.
1352                 Closes: #664976</li>
1353         <li>Fixes for gosa-sync:
1354            <ul>
1355                 <li>Don't fail if password contains "</li>
1356                 <li>Don't disclose new password string in syslog</li>
1357            </ul></li>
1358         <li>Fixes for gosa-create:
1359            <ul>
1360                 <li>Invalidate libnss cache before applying changes</li>
1361                 <li>Multiple failures during mass user import into GOsa²</li>
1362                 <li>gosa-netgroups plugin: don't erase entries of attribute type
1363                          "memberNisNetgroup". Closes: #687256</li>
1364                 <li>First user now uses the same Kerberos policy as all other users</li>
1365            </ul></li>
1366         <li>Add Danish web page</li>
1367     </ul>
1368   <li>debian-edu-install from 1.528 to 1.530
1369     <ul>
1370         <li>Improve preseeding support and documentation</li>
1371     </ul></li>
1372 </ul>
1373
1374 <p>End-user documentation in English is available at
1375 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/</a>
1376 - translations to French, Italian, Danish and German are available in
1377 the debian-edu-doc package. (Other languages could use your help!)</p>
1378
1379 <p>If you want to contribute to Debian Edu, please join our
1380 mailinglist
1381 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@lists.debian.org</a>!
1382 </p></blockquote>
1383
1384 <p>I am very happy to see the fruits of a year of hard work. :)</p>
1385
1386       </div>
1387       <div class="tags">
1388
1389
1390         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1391
1392
1393       </div>
1394     </div>
1395     <div class="padding"></div>
1396
1397     <div class="entry">
1398       <div class="title">
1399         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Helge_Tore_H_yland.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Helge Tore Høyland</a>
1400       </div>
1401       <div class="date">
1402         22nd February 2013
1403       </div>
1404       <div class="body">
1405         <p>Etter en lang pause og travle uker har jeg endelig klart å få
1406 samlet et nytt intervju med en av folkene i
1407 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet.
1408 Denne gang er det Helge Tore Høyland, en mangeårig bidragsyter på
1409 epostlistene og ellers i prosjektet.</p>
1410
1411 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
1412
1413 <p>Eg er IT-konsulent/teknikker hjå eit firma i Steinkjer med navn
1414 <a href="http://unoit.no/">Uno IT</a>.  Uno IT er eit lite firma som
1415 drifter nettverk og maskiner for små og mellomstore firma
1416 Steinkjer-området. Per dags dato er me 2 ansatte. Min faglege bakgrunn
1417 er Fagbrev som it-teknikker, samt nokre fag innen nettverk- og
1418 server-drift frå HiST og NTNU. Dagleg arbeid består i oppsett av nye
1419 maskiner og hjelp til sluttbrukere, samt oppsett og vedlikehold av eit
1420 vidt spekter av fagsystemer ute hjå kunder. Erfaring med Skolelinux
1421 har eg hatt i forbindelse med drifting av
1422 <a href="http://www.bjorkly.no/">Bjørkly skule</a>, ein privat
1423 grunnskule i Namsos-området.  I dag har skulen 65 elever, 15 lærere, 1
1424 hovedserver og ca 60 klienter som kjører halvtjukt.  Eg har bygd og
1425 driftet systemet sidan summaren 2006.</p>
1426
1427 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
1428
1429 <p>Eg kom i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet via ein artikkel i eit
1430 fagblad, som eg ikkje lenger hugsar namnet på.  I og med at eg allereie
1431 hadde pusla med nettverk for ein annan skule, fatta eg straks
1432 interesse for prosjektet.</p>
1433
1434 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
1435
1436 <p>Fordelane med Skolelinux er sentralisert administrasjon og svært
1437 mange gode verktøy «ut av boksen». Veldig kjekt å kunne drifte 60
1438 klientar med berre å «bry» seg med ein server. Levetid for systemets
1439 hardware er og ein veldig fin effekt. I tillegg kjem fordelar som økt
1440 sikkerhet og mindre lisenskostnader. Etter min erfaring er det og
1441 mykje mindre driftskostnader med eit slikt system enn konkurrerande
1442 system, pga enkelhet med sentralisert administrasjon. På grunn av at
1443 Skolelinux er basert på Debian er det òg svært stabilt.</p>
1444
1445 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
1446
1447 <p>Ulemper er mangel på vilje til å følge standarer ute i markedet,
1448 som fører til mangel på støtte til nokre mykje brukte ting. Flash og
1449 Java er typiske eksempel. Sidan Debian satsar på stabilitet framfor å
1450 ha nyeste pakke av eit program, kan ein i nokre tilfeller kome borti
1451 at program vert «for gamle». Det er spesielt nettlesaren som er
1452 utsett. Mangel på vilje til å utvikle pedagogisk programvare, i Noreg,
1453 for «alle» platformer fører òg til noko hovudbry.</p>
1454
1455 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
1456
1457 <p>Til dagleg bruker eg svært mange forskjellige «fri programvare»
1458 program.  Firefox, Thunderbird, Freecommander, ImgBurn, Clonezilla,
1459 OCS inventory, Icinga, Skolelinux, SystemRescueCD og mykje meir.</p>
1460
1461 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
1462 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
1463
1464 <p>Strategisk må ein fokusere på at sluttbruker eigentleg ikkje er så
1465 fokusert på at det er fri programvare men at det skal «berre fungere».
1466 Gjer det enkelt å bruker og ikkje minst å administrere. For Skolelinux
1467 sin del må ein få eit betre fokus på overganger. Utbytting av servere
1468 må gå meir automatisk, import og eksport av brukerbase og maskinbase
1469 med meir må kunne gå enkelt og oppgradering til neste versjon må bli
1470 mykje meir automatisk og gjennomtesta. Ein må unngå at ein må sette
1471 opp frå start når ein byter ut ein server eller oppgraderer til neste
1472 versjon. For å få Skolelinux til å bli eit betre alternativ for skular
1473 må ein ha fokus på nettlesaren. Denne må bli «up to date» og støtte
1474 dei protokollar og tillegg som vert brukt av forlag med meir.  Etter
1475 kvart som meir og meir blir flytta ut i «skya» vert dette viktigare og
1476 viktigare. Ein kunne ynskje og jobbe for at forlag med fleire tar i
1477 bruk opne standarer, men inntil det skjer, må systemet kunne brukast
1478 mot desse fagsystema.</p>
1479
1480 <p>For meg har prosjektet med Skolelinux vore ein svært artig og
1481 lærerik prosess. Miljøet rundt er ikkje enormt stort, dog stort nok,
1482 men det er svært hjelpevillig og engasjert.</p>
1483
1484       </div>
1485       <div class="tags">
1486
1487
1488         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
1489
1490
1491       </div>
1492     </div>
1493     <div class="padding"></div>
1494
1495     <div class="entry">
1496       <div class="title">
1497         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_Christmas_present_for_Skolelinux___Debian_Edu.html">A Christmas present for Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
1498       </div>
1499       <div class="date">
1500         28th December 2012
1501       </div>
1502       <div class="body">
1503         <p>I was happy to discover a few days ago that the
1504 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
1505 project also this year received a Christmas present from Another
1506 Agency in Trondheim.  NOK 1000,- showed up on our donation account
1507 December 24th.  I want to express our thanks for this very welcome
1508 present.  As the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project is very short on
1509 funding these days, and thus lack the money to do regular developer
1510 gatherings, this donation was most welcome.  One developer gathering
1511 cost around NOK 15&nbsp;000,-, so we need quite a lot more to keep the
1512 development pace we want.  Thus, I hope their example this year is
1513 followed by many others. :)</p>
1514
1515 <p>The public list of donors can be found on
1516 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/donations.html">the
1517 donation page</a> for the project, which also contain instructions if
1518 you want to donate to the project.</p>
1519
1520       </div>
1521       <div class="tags">
1522
1523
1524         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1525
1526
1527       </div>
1528     </div>
1529     <div class="padding"></div>
1530
1531     <div class="entry">
1532       <div class="title">
1533         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ledger___double_entry_accounting_using_text_based_storage_format.html">Ledger - double-entry accounting using text based storage format</a>
1534       </div>
1535       <div class="date">
1536         18th December 2012
1537       </div>
1538       <div class="body">
1539         <p>A few days ago I came across
1540 <a href="http://joeyh.name/blog/entry/hledger/">a blog post from Joey
1541 Hess</a> describing <a href="http://ledger-cli.org/">ledger</a> and
1542 hledger, a text based system for double-entry accounting.  I found it
1543 interesting, as I am involved with several organizations where
1544 accounting is an issue, and I have not really become too friendly with
1545 the different web based systems we use.  I find it hard to find what I
1546 look for in the menus and even harder try to get sensible data out of
1547 the systems.  Ledger seem different.  The accounting data is kept in
1548 text files that can be stored in a version control system, and there
1549
1550 are at least <a href="https://github.com/ledger/ledger/wiki/Ports">five
1551 different implementations</a> able to read the format.  An example
1552 entry look like this, and is simple enough that it will be trivial to
1553 generate entries based on CVS files fetched from the bank:</p>
1554
1555 <blockquote><pre>
1556 2004-05-27 Book Store
1557       Expenses:Books                 $20.00
1558       Liabilities:Visa
1559 </pre></blockquote>
1560
1561 <p>The concept seemed interesting enough for me to check it out and
1562 look for others using it.  I found blog posts from
1563 <a href="http://blog.spang.cc/posts/hledger_rocks_my_world/">Christine
1564 Spang</a>,
1565 <a href="http://bugsplat.info/2010-05-23-keeping-finances-with-ledger.html">Pete
1566 Keen</a>,
1567 <a href="http://blog.andrewcantino.com/blog/2010/11/06/command-line-accounting-with-ledger-and-reckon/">Andrew
1568 Cantino</a> and
1569 <a href="http://blog.iphoting.com/blog/2012/11/29/command-line-double-entry-accounting/">Ronald
1570 Ip</a> describing how they use it, as well as a post from
1571 <a href="https://groups.google.com/forum/?fromgroups=#!topic/ledger-cli/r0oWjwbQ9Bo">Bradley
1572 M. Kuhn</a> at the Software Freedom Conservancy.  All seemed like good
1573 recommendations fitting my need.</p>
1574
1575 <p>The <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/l/ledger.html">ledger</a>
1576 package is available in Debian Squeeze, while the
1577 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/h/haskell-hledger.html">hledger</a>
1578 package only is available in Debian Sid.  As I use Squeeze, ledger
1579 seemed the best choice to get started.</p>
1580
1581 <p>To get some real data to test on, I wrote a
1582 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/tools/lodo2ledger">web scraper</a> for
1583 <a href="http://www.lodo.no/">LODO</a>, the accounting system used by
1584 the <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">NUUG</a> association, and started to
1585 play with the data set.  I'm not really deeply into accounting, but I
1586 am able to get a simple balance and accounting status for example
1587 using the "<tt>ledger balance</tt>" command.  But I will have to
1588 gather more experience before I know if the ledger way is a good fit
1589 for the organisations I am involved in.</p>
1590
1591       </div>
1592       <div class="tags">
1593
1594
1595         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
1596
1597
1598       </div>
1599     </div>
1600     <div class="padding"></div>
1601
1602     <div class="entry">
1603       <div class="title">
1604         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Angela_Fu_.html">Debian Edu interview: Angela Fuß</a>
1605       </div>
1606       <div class="date">
1607         14th November 2012
1608       </div>
1609       <div class="body">
1610         <p>Here is another interview with one of the people in the <a
1611 href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
1612 community.  I am running short on people willing to be interviewed, so
1613 if you know about someone I should interview, Please send me an email.
1614 After asking for many months, I finally managed to lure another one of
1615 the people behind the German
1616 "<a href="http://wiki.it-zukunft-schule.de/">IT-Zukunft Schule</a>"
1617 project out from maternity leave to conduct an interview.  Give a warm
1618 welcome to Angela Fuß. :)</p>
1619
1620 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
1621
1622 <p>I am a 39-year-old woman living in the very north of Germany near
1623 Denmark. I live in a patchwork family with "my man" Mike Gabriel, my
1624 two daughters, Mikes daughter and Mikes and my rather newborn son.
1625
1626 <p>At the moment - because of our little baby - I am spending most of
1627 the day by being a caring and organising mom for all the kids.
1628 Besides that I am really involved into and occupied with several inner
1629 growth processes: New born souls always bring the whole familiar
1630 system into movement and that needs time and focus ;-).  We are also
1631 in the middle of buying a house and moving to it.</p>
1632
1633 <p>In 2013 I will work again in my job in a German foundation for
1634 nature conservation. I am doing public relation work there.  Besides
1635 that - and that is the connection to Skolelinux / Debian Edu - I am
1636 working in our own school project "IT-Zukunft Schule" in North
1637 Germany. I am responsible for the quality assurance, the customer
1638 relationship management and the communication processes in the
1639 project.</p>
1640
1641 <p>Since 2001 I constantly have been training myself in communication
1642 and leadership. Besides that I am a forester, a landscaping gardener
1643 and a yoga teacher.</p>
1644
1645 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
1646 project?</strong></p>
1647
1648 <p>I fell in love with Mike ;-).</p>
1649
1650 <p>Very soon after getting to know him I was completely enrolled into
1651 Free Software.  At this time Mike did IT-services for one newly
1652 founded school in Kiel. Other schools in Kiel needed concepts for
1653 their IT environment.  Often when Mike came home from working at the
1654 newly founded school I found myself listening to his complaints about
1655 several points where the communication with the schools head or the
1656 teachers did not work.  So we were clear that he would not work for
1657 one more school if we did not set up a structure for communication
1658 between him, the schools head, the teachers, the students and the
1659 parents.</p>
1660
1661 <p>Together with our friend and hardware supplier Andreas Buchholz we
1662 started to get an overview of free software solutions suitable for
1663 schools. One day before Christmas 2010 Mike and I had a date with Kurt
1664 Gramlich in Gütersloh. As Kurt and I are really interested in building
1665 networks of people and in being in communication we dived into
1666 Skolelinux and brought it to the first grammar schools in Northern
1667 Germany.</p>
1668
1669 <p>For information about our school project you can read
1670 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Mike_Gabriel.html">the
1671 interview with Mike Gabriel</a>.</p>
1672
1673 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1674 Edu?</strong></p>
1675
1676 <p>First I have to say: I cannot answer this question technically. My
1677 answer comes rather from a social point of view.</p>
1678
1679 <p>The biggest advantage of Skolelinux / Debian Edu I see is the large
1680 and strong international community of Debian Developers in the
1681 background which is very alive and connected over mailinglists, blogs
1682 and meetings. My constant feeling for the Debian Community is: If
1683 something does not work they will somehow fix it. All is well
1684 ;-). This is of course a user experience.  What I also get as a big
1685 advantage of Skolelinux / Debian Edu is that everybody who uses it and
1686 works with it can also contribute to it - that includes students,
1687 teachers, parents...</p>
1688
1689 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1690 Edu?</strong></p>
1691
1692 <p>I will answer this question relating to the internal structure of
1693 Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
1694
1695 <p>What I see as a major disadvantage is that there is a gap between
1696 the group of developers for Debian Edu and the people who make the
1697 marketing, that means the people that bring Skolelinux to the
1698 schools. There is a lack of communication between these two groups and
1699 I think that does not really work for Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
1700
1701 <p>Further I appreciate that Skolelinux / Debian Edu is known as a
1702 do-ocracy. Nevertheless I keep asking myself if at some points a
1703 democracy or some kind of hierarchical project structure would be good
1704 and helpful.  I am also missing some kind of contact between the
1705 Skolelinux / Debian Edu communities in Europe or on an international
1706 level. I think it would be good if there was more sharing between the
1707 different countries using Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
1708
1709 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
1710
1711 <p>On my laptop I am still using an Ubuntu 10.04 with a Gnome Desktop
1712 on.  As applications I use Openoffice.org, Gedit, Firefox, Pidgin,
1713 LaTeX and GnuCash. For mails I am using Horde. And I am really fond of
1714 my N900 running with Maemo.</p>
1715
1716 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
1717 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
1718
1719 <p>I am really convinced that in our school project "IT-Zukunft
1720 Schule" we have developed (and keep developing) a great way to get
1721 schools to use Free Software. We have written a detailed concept for
1722 that so I cannot explain the whole thing here. But in a nutshell the
1723 strategy has three crucial pillars:</p>
1724
1725 <ul>
1726
1727 <li>We really take time to get what sort of stories, questions and
1728 concerns the schools head and the teachers have about using different
1729 kinds of IT and we take time to enrol them into Free Software.</li>
1730
1731 <li>Our solution for schools is never just technical. In the centre
1732 are always the people who are going to use the software. From the very
1733 beginning of the planning for a school, we tell the schools head that
1734 they are paying us not only for a technical solution for their school,
1735 they also pay us for leading all the communication processes
1736 needed. If they do not want that, we are not working with them because
1737 we cannot give a guarantee for the quality of our work then.</li>
1738
1739 <li>Another focus lies in the training of teachers and students in
1740 co-administrating the IT-System at their school. They start getting in
1741 contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu community and they get the
1742 offer to become more and more independent from us.</li>
1743
1744 </ul>
1745
1746       </div>
1747       <div class="tags">
1748
1749
1750         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
1751
1752
1753       </div>
1754     </div>
1755     <div class="padding"></div>
1756
1757     <div class="entry">
1758       <div class="title">
1759         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_noe_for_Ballangen___Leserinnlegg_til_avisen_Fremover_.html">Skolelinux noe for Ballangen? (Leserinnlegg til avisen Fremover)</a>
1760       </div>
1761       <div class="date">
1762         14th October 2012
1763       </div>
1764       <div class="body">
1765         <p>Tirsdag 2012-10-09 sendte jeg følgende leserinnlegg til avisen
1766 <a href="http://www.fremover.no/">Fremover</a>, etter å ha vært nordpå
1767 noen dager og lest noen gamle aviser.  Publiserer den her i sin helhet
1768 for fremtidig referanse.  Fremover publiserer dessverre ikke
1769 leserinnlegg på nett.</p>
1770
1771 <blockquote>
1772 <p>To: redaksjon (at) fremover.no
1773 <br>Subject: Leserinnlegg til Fremover: Skolelinux noe for Ballangen?</p>
1774
1775 <p>Ærede redaktør</p>
1776
1777 <p>I sommer (2012-07-23) hadde Fremover et oppslag om at Narvik
1778 kommune hadde spart mellom 10 og 20 millioner kroner de siste årene på
1779 å bruke Skolelinux på sine skoler.  Harstad har også tatt i bruk
1780 Skolelinux på alle sine skoler.  Som tidligere Ballangsværing gledet
1781 det meg stort å se at skoleløsningen vi har utviklet siden 2001 tas i
1782 bruk i området der jeg vokste opp, og dermed bidrar til en bedre og
1783 billigere skolehverdag.</p>
1784
1785 <p>Skolelinux er en komplett IT-løsning for elevnettverket på en
1786 skole, med både nettverkstjenester og løsning for elevmaskiner med
1787 pedagogisk programvare, som tillater en å øke levetiden på en
1788 datamaskin i skolen med mange år.  En undersøkelse publisert i mars
1789 2012 viste at de 56 norske skolene som har offentliggjort at de bruker
1790 Skolelinux eller annen Linuxutgave hadde 36% større PC-tetthet enn
1791 landsgjennomsnittet, når en ser på tall rapportert til Grunnskolens
1792 Informasjonssystem.  I følge Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken, IKT-konsulent i
1793 Nord-Odal, fungerer datamaskiner godt til de er 8 til 10 år gamle.</p>
1794
1795 <p>I høst (2012-09-29) fortalte Fremover hvordan Ballangen kommune har
1796 opparbeidet seg 20 millioner i underskudd og nok havner på Robek-lista
1797 fra nyttår.  Kanskje Ballangen også burde ta i bruk Skolelinux for å
1798 spare penger?  Hvis kommunen mangler kompetanse lokalt på Linux finnes
1799 det kommersielle selskaper som tilbyr driftstjenester rundt
1800 Skolelinux, og jeg bør vel avsløre at jeg selv er involvert i et av
1801 dem, Skolelinux Drift AS.  Kommunen kan dermed få hjelp hvis de ikke
1802 ønsker å bygge opp egen kompetanse.</p>
1803
1804 <p>Vennlig hilsen
1805 <br>Petter Reinholdtsen
1806 <br>Fri programvareutvikler</p>
1807
1808 <p>Referanser:</p>
1809
1810 <ul>
1811
1812 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html</a></li>
1813 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html</a></li>
1814
1815 </ul>
1816
1817 </blockquote>
1818
1819 <p>Innlegget ble så vidt jeg vet trykket i papirutgaven et par dager
1820 senere, men jeg har ikke sett det selv.</p>
1821
1822       </div>
1823       <div class="tags">
1824
1825
1826         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
1827
1828
1829       </div>
1830     </div>
1831     <div class="padding"></div>
1832
1833     <div class="entry">
1834       <div class="title">
1835         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Trengs_flere_frivillige_til_korrektur_av_den_frie_norske_stavekontrollen.html">Trengs flere frivillige til korrektur av den frie norske stavekontrollen</a>
1836       </div>
1837       <div class="date">
1838         13th October 2012
1839       </div>
1840       <div class="body">
1841         <p><a href="http://no.speling.org/">Den frie norske stavekontrollen</a>
1842 består av ca. 1,3 millioner bokmåls- og nynorskord.  Det er mange
1843 kilder til ordene, f.eks. den norske ordbanken, norske nett-aviser,
1844 stavekontrollbrukere og korrekturlesere, og endel feil har sneket seg
1845 inn i databasen over ord.  For å finne og fikse feilene trengs det
1846 korrekturlesing.  Her kommer frivillige inn.</p>
1847
1848 <p>Hvis du vil bidra med korrektur av orddatabasen, kan du melde deg
1849 frivillig som bokmåls- eller nynorskkorrekturleser og få tilsendt en
1850 liten bunke ord på epost hver dag, lese over og sende inn på epost
1851 tilbake til korrekturlesing-systemet.  Jo flere som sjekker, jo
1852 raskere kommer vi igjennom hele databasen.  Så langt har vi oppdaget
1853 341 bokmålsord og 50 nynorskord som ikke skal vært med i databasen.
1854 Det er nok noen flere.  I tillegg har korrekturleserne oppdaget flere
1855 ord som manglet, og fått lagt dem inn i stavekontrollen.</p>
1856
1857 <p>Hvis du vil bidra, følg instruksene på
1858 <a href="http://no.speling.org/dokumentasjon.html">prosjektsidene</a>
1859
1860 for nye bidragsytere, og ta kontakt med Håvard eller epostlisten
1861 <a href="https://lister.ping.uio.no/mailman/listinfo/i18n-no">i18n-no</a>.
1862 Gode norskkunnskaper er en fordel, og vilje til å sjekke
1863 <a href="http://www.nob-ordbok.uio.no/perl/ordbok.cgi">ordboka</a> et
1864 krav!</p>
1865
1866       </div>
1867       <div class="tags">
1868
1869
1870         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
1871
1872
1873       </div>
1874     </div>
1875     <div class="padding"></div>
1876
1877     <div class="entry">
1878       <div class="title">
1879         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ny_utgave__v2_1__av_den_frie_norske_stavekontrollen_gitt_ut.html">Ny utgave (v2.1) av den frie norske stavekontrollen gitt ut</a>
1880       </div>
1881       <div class="date">
1882          2nd October 2012
1883       </div>
1884       <div class="body">
1885         <p>I helga fikk jeg endelig pakket sammen en ny versjon av den norske
1886 stavekontrollen, og gikk ut versjon 2.1 etter at det var gått fire og
1887 et halvt år siden sist.  I dag fikk vi sendt ut annonseringen.  Her er
1888 det vi sendte ut:</p>
1889
1890 <p>Oslo, 2012-10-02</p>
1891
1892 <p><strong>Pressemelding: Ny utgave av norsk stavekontroll med
1893 synonymordliste</strong></p>
1894
1895 <p>Mer enn fire år etter at forrige utgave av den frie norske
1896 stavekontrollen ble utgitt, er en ny og forbedret versjon klar. Dette er
1897 noe utviklerne er veldig glade for.</p>
1898
1899 <p>Den største endringen er at byggesystemet for stavekontrollen er
1900 skrevet om til å akseptere ord med bindestrek (f.eks. «e-post»). Litt
1901 over 10.000 slike ordformer er lagt til i orddatabasen. I tillegg er
1902 det kommet en del nye ord og rettelser rapportert inn av de frivillige
1903 som gjennomfører korrektur av orddatabasen i prosjektet. For å få
1904 fortgang i dette korrekturarbeidet er det fint med flere frivillige
1905 som kan bidra i prosjektet.</p>
1906
1907 <p><blockquote>
1908  - En god og fritt tilgjengelig stavekontroll er en viktig byggestein
1909    for å fremme bruken av korrekt norsk språk, sier prosjektdeltager
1910    Petter Reinholdtsen.
1911 </blockquote></p>
1912
1913 <p>Takket være samarbeidet med synonymordlisteprosjektet er
1914 synonymordlista for bokmål tilgjengelig sammen med ordlista for bokmål
1915 og nynorsk. En synonymordliste for nynorsk er også med, men den er på
1916 prøvestadiet og meget liten.</p>
1917
1918 <p>Stavekontrollpakken og synonymordlistene brukes i
1919 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org, Koffice, Mozilla Thunderbird, Firefox og
1920 en rekke andre programmer, og på både Windows, Mac OS X, Linux og
1921 BSD.</p>
1922
1923 <p>Det hele utgis under den frie lisensen GPL og kan fritt lastes ned
1924 fra prosjektsidene på
1925 <a href="http://no.speling.org">no.speling.org</a>. Ferdige pakker for
1926 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org er også tilgjengelige fra samme sted.</p>
1927
1928 <p>Det norske stavekontrollprosjektet er i kontakt med lignende
1929 prosjekter for blant annet å forbedre stavekontrollteknologien, å
1930 utveksle verktøy for vedlikehold av orddatabasen og å få tilgang til
1931 relevante datasett. Et av disse prosjektene er et separat prosjekt ved
1932 Sametinget som er i gang med å utvikle samisk stavekontroll for blant
1933 annet Microsoft Word og OpenOffice.org.</p>
1934
1935 <p>Et søsterprosjekt for å lage grammatikk-kontroll for
1936 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org er igangsatt, men har ennå ikke kommet
1937 langt nok til å brukes. Frivillige til å bidra i dette prosjektet er
1938 også svært velkomne.</p>
1939
1940 <p><strong>Kontaktperson</strong></p>
1941
1942 <p><blockquote>
1943 Axel Bojer, prosjektdeltager
1944 <br>E-post: fri_programvare (at) bojer.no
1945 <br>Tlf: +47 954 32 417
1946 </blockquote></p>
1947
1948 <p><strong>Referanser</strong></p>
1949
1950 <ul>
1951
1952 <li>Det frie norske stavekontrollprosjektet for bokmål og nynorsk:
1953     <a href="http://no.speling.org">http://no.speling.org</a></li>
1954 <li>Samiske korrekturverktøy:
1955     <a href="http://divvun.no/">http://divvun.no/</a></li>
1956 <li>Ordlistene fra Norsk ordbank:
1957     <a href="http://www.edd.uio.no/prosjekt/ordbanken/">http://www.edd.uio.no/prosjekt/ordbanken/</a></li>
1958 <li>Last ned ordlistene:
1959     <a href="http://alioth.debian.org/frs/?group_id=30577">http://alioth.debian.org/frs/?group_id=30577</a>
1960     (PS: no_NO-pack2 for OOo 2.x))</li>
1961 </ul>
1962
1963 <p><strong>Fra NEWS-fila i kildekodepakken</strong></p>
1964
1965 <p>Release 2.1 (2012-09-30)</p>
1966
1967 <ul>
1968
1969 <li>Switch to new version scheme. Make new version 2.1, not 2.0.11. We do not
1970     release often enough to justify three digits.</li>
1971 <li>Switch build rules to build OOo v2 thesaurus files, as the v1 build rules
1972     no longer work. This require the libmythes-dev package on Debian.</li>
1973 <li>Introduce new Makefile variables hyphendir and thesdir to make it easier to
1974     control where to install these.</li>
1975 <li>Change script used to import from no.speling.org, to load new word
1976     boundaries if at least two people believed the boundaries was correct.</li>
1977 <li>Added word boundaries for several words (around 500 words) using the
1978     updated script.</li>
1979 <li>Imported thesarus for bokmål from synonymer.merg.net.</li>
1980 <li>Rewrote build rules to use = instead of - as combined word marker, thus
1981     allowing words like e-post.</li>
1982 <li>Imported a lot (around 10k words) of new words with dash (-) in them from
1983     no.speling.org now that it is handled by the build system.</li>
1984 </ul>
1985
1986       </div>
1987       <div class="tags">
1988
1989
1990         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
1991
1992
1993       </div>
1994     </div>
1995     <div class="padding"></div>
1996
1997     <div class="entry">
1998       <div class="title">
1999         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Giorgio_Pioda.html">Debian Edu interview: Giorgio Pioda</a>
2000       </div>
2001       <div class="date">
2002         17th September 2012
2003       </div>
2004       <div class="body">
2005         <p>After a long break in my row of interviews with people in the
2006 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
2007 community, I finally found time to wrap up another.  This time it is
2008 Giorgio Pioda, which showed up on the mailing list at the start of
2009 this year, asking questions and inspiring us to improve the first time
2010 administrators experience with Skolelinux. :) The interview was
2011 conduced in May, but I only found time to publish it now.</p>
2012
2013 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
2014
2015 <p>I have a PhD in chemistry but since several years I work as teacher
2016 in secondary (15-18 year old students) and tertiary (a kind of "light"
2017 university) schools. Five years ago I started to manage a Learning
2018 Management Service server and slowly I got more and more involved with
2019 IT. 3 years ago the graduating schools moved completely to Linux and I
2020 got the head of the IT for this. The experience collected in chemistry
2021 labs computers (for example NMR analysis of protein folding) and in
2022 the IT-courses during university where sufficient to start. Self
2023 training is anyway very important</p>
2024
2025 <p>I live in the Italian speaking part of Switzerland, and the
2026 <a href="http://www.spse.ch/">SPSE school</a> (secondary) is a very
2027 special sport school for young people who try to became sport pro (for
2028 all sports, we have dozens of disciplines represented) and we are
2029 recognised by the Olympic Swiss Organisation.
2030
2031 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
2032 project?</strong></p>
2033
2034 <p>Looking for Linux / Primary Domain Controller (PDC) I found it
2035 already several years ago. But since the system was still not
2036 Kerberized and since our schools relies strongly on laptops I didn't
2037 use it. I plan to introduce it in the next future, probably for the
2038 next school year, since the squeeze release solved this security
2039 hole.</p>
2040
2041 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
2042 Edu?</strong></p>
2043
2044 <p>Many. First of all there is a strong and living community that is
2045 very generous for help and hints.  Chat help is crucial, together with
2046 the mailing list.  Second. With Skolelinux you get an already well
2047 engineered platform and you don't have to start to build up your PDC
2048 and your clients from GNU/scratch; I've already done this once and I
2049 can tell it, it is hard. Third, since Skolelinux is a standard
2050 platform, it is way easier to educate other IT people and even if the
2051 head IT is sick another one could pick up the task without too much
2052 hassle.</p>
2053
2054 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
2055 Edu?</strong></p>
2056
2057 <p>The only real problem I see is that it is a little too less
2058 flexible at client level. Debian stable is rocky and desirable, but
2059 there are many reasons that force for another choice. For example the
2060 need of new drivers for new PC, or the need for a specific OS for some
2061 devices that have specific software packages for another specific
2062 distribution (I have such a case for whiteboards that have only
2063 Ubuntu packages). Thus, I prepared compatibility packages educlient
2064 and eduroaming, hoping not to use them ;-)</p>
2065
2066 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
2067
2068 <p>I have a Debian Stable PDC at school (Kerberos, NIS, NFS) with
2069 mixed Debian and Ubuntu clients. If you think that this triad
2070 combination is exotic... well I discovered right yesterday that
2071 <a href="http://moo.nac.uci.edu/~hjm/Perceus-Report.html">Perceus</a>
2072 has the same...</p>
2073
2074 <p>For myself I run Debian wheezy/sid, but this combination is good
2075 only I you have enough competence to fix stuff for yourself, if
2076 something breaks.  Daily I use texmacs, gnumeric, a little bit of R
2077 statistics, kmplot, and less frequently OpenOffice.org.</p>
2078
2079 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
2080 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
2081
2082 <P>I think that the only real argument that school managers "hear" is
2083 cost reduction. They don't give too much weight on quality, stability,
2084 just because they are normally not open to change.</p>
2085
2086 <p>Students adapts very quickly to GNU/Linux (and for them being able
2087 to switch between different OS is a plus value); teachers and managers
2088 don't.</p>
2089
2090 <p>We decided to move to Linux because students at our school have own
2091 laptop and we have the responsibility to keep the laptop ready to use;
2092 we were really unsatisfied with Microsoft since every Monday we had 20
2093 machine to fix for viral infections... With Linux this has been
2094 reduced to zero, since people installs almost only from official
2095 repositories. I think that our special needs brought us to Linux.
2096 Those who don't have such needs will hardly move to Linux.</p>
2097
2098       </div>
2099       <div class="tags">
2100
2101
2102         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
2103
2104
2105       </div>
2106     </div>
2107     <div class="padding"></div>
2108
2109     <div class="entry">
2110       <div class="title">
2111         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">Gladoppslag om Skolelinux i avisen Fremover</a>
2112       </div>
2113       <div class="date">
2114         15th August 2012
2115       </div>
2116       <div class="body">
2117         <p>I sommer hadde avisen <a href="http://www.fremover.no/">Fremover</a>
2118 et flott oppslag om bruken av
2119 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> på alle skolene
2120 der.  Artikkelen var på trykk på side 4 og 5 i papirutgaven
2121 2012-07-23, men mangler dessverre i nettutgaven av avisen.  Mine
2122 henvendelser til avisen for å få artikkelen på nett har så langt ikke
2123 vært vellykket.</p>
2124
2125 <p>Artikkelen med tittelen "Narvik kommune bruker gratisprogram i
2126 skolen - Har spart millioner", forteller om hvordan bruken av
2127 Skolelinux er en stor suksess i Narvik siden det ble tatt i bruk i
2128 2004.  Her er noen fine sitater:</p>
2129
2130 <blockquote>
2131 "- Skolelinux har spart kommunen for store pengesummer, millionbeløp,
2132   som de heller kan bruke på andre ting, sier IKT-konsulent Viggo
2133   Fedreheim."
2134 </blockquote>
2135
2136 <p>Avisen forteller at de har fått tilgang til beregninger som viser
2137 at Narvik kommune har spart noe mellom 10 og 20 millioner kroner de
2138 siste 8 årene på å bruke Skolelinux, og fortsetter:</p>
2139
2140 <blockquote>
2141
2142 "Regnestykket tar høyde for sparte kostnader til lisenser som medfølger
2143 de alternative operativsystemene, lavere driftskostnader og lengre
2144 levetid på datautstyret.  Totalt har Narvikskolen en maskinpark på
2145 1600 maskiner fordelt på de 11 skolene fra Skjomen i sør til Bjerkvik
2146 i nord."
2147
2148 </blockquote>
2149
2150 <p>Viggo Fedreheim sier dette om hvor noe av gevinsten kommer fra:</p>
2151
2152 <blockquote>
2153 "- Vi kan gjenbruke gamle maskiner i skolen som er for dårlig andre
2154   steder i kommunen der de ikke bruker Skolelinux.  Levetiden på en
2155   datamaskin blir 3-5 år lenger med Skolelinux.  Vi kaller det for
2156   grønn IT, miljøvennlig IT."
2157 </blockquote>
2158
2159 <p>Her er det mulighet for flere kommuner å få et godt IT-system på
2160 skolene, hvis de er villige til å forsøke.  De som ikke har kompetanse
2161 innomhus kan kjøpe det fra en av de kommersielle leverandørene av
2162 Skolelinux-tjenester, som <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux
2163 Drift AS</a> (der jeg er styremedlem).  Komplett liste er tilgjengelig
2164 via
2165 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Help/ProfessionalHelp">wikien</a>.</p>
2166
2167 <p>Update 2012-08-16: Today I was allowed by Fremover to put the PDF I
2168 received from them with a copy of the article on the Internet.  It is
2169 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/2012-07-23-fremover-narvik.pdf">now
2170 available</a> in the Skolelinux press archive.</p>
2171
2172       </div>
2173       <div class="tags">
2174
2175
2176         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
2177
2178
2179       </div>
2180     </div>
2181     <div class="padding"></div>
2182
2183     <div class="entry">
2184       <div class="title">
2185         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Tips_for___bli_med_i_Skolelinux_prosjektet__som_faktisk_er_aktivt_.html">Tips for å bli med i Skolelinux-prosjektet (som faktisk er aktivt)</a>
2186       </div>
2187       <div class="date">
2188         19th July 2012
2189       </div>
2190       <div class="body">
2191         <p>Jeg fikk nettopp spørsmål på epost om Skolelinux-prosjektet lever
2192 fra en som var interessert i å bidra, og måtte jo konstatere at i og
2193 med at spørsmålet ble stilt har prosjektet ikke lyktes med å formidle
2194 sin aktivitet.  Her er det jeg svarte:</p>
2195
2196 <p><blockquote>
2197 <p>Jada, <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektet</a>
2198 lever, men det meste av utvikling foregår nå under paraplyen
2199 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/">Debian Edu</a> som er det
2200 internasjonale navnet på prosjektet.  Dugnaden i Norge organiseres av
2201 medlemsforeningen
2202 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
2203 Skolen</a>, og det finnes minst ett selskap som selger kommersiell
2204 support på løsningen (<a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux
2205 Drift AS</a>, der jeg er styremedlem).  Anbefaler at du melder deg på
2206 epostlisten
2207 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@lists.debian.org</a>
2208 (og debian-edu-announce) og
2209 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">melder deg inn i
2210 foreningen</a> for å få beskjed om aktivitet som planlegges.  Det
2211 planlegges
2212 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering">utviklersamlinger
2213 i august</a> og utover høsten.</p>
2214
2215 <p>Bidra gjerne med å spre ordet om Skolelinux.  Det er alt for få som
2216 bidrar til pressedekning, bloggposter, twittermeldinger, etc. :)</p>
2217
2218 <p>Jeg antar du har funnet
2219 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju/">bloggserien
2220 min med intervjuer</a>.  Det er antagelig også interessant for deg å
2221 følge med på <a href="http://planet.skolelinux.org/">Planet
2222 Skolelinux</a>.</p>
2223
2224 <p>Hm, jeg burde vel blogge alle disse lenkene slik at de blir enklere
2225 å finne...</p>
2226 </blockquote></p>
2227 <p>Herved gjort. :)</p>
2228
2229       </div>
2230       <div class="tags">
2231
2232
2233         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
2234
2235
2236       </div>
2237     </div>
2238     <div class="padding"></div>
2239
2240     <div class="entry">
2241       <div class="title">
2242         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__George_Bredberg.html">Debian Edu interview: George Bredberg</a>
2243       </div>
2244       <div class="date">
2245          9th July 2012
2246       </div>
2247       <div class="body">
2248         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
2249 Skolelinux</a> project have users all over the globe, but until
2250 recently we have not known about any users in Norway's neighbour
2251 country Sweden.  This changed when George Bredberg showed up in March
2252 this year on the mailing list, asking interesting questions about how
2253 to adjust and scale the just released
2254 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
2255 Wheezy</a> setup to his liking.  He granted me an interview, and I am
2256 happy to share his answers with you here.</p>
2257
2258 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
2259
2260 <p>I'm a 44 year old country guy that have been working 12 years at
2261 the same school as 50% IT-manager and 50% Teacher. My educational
2262 background is fil.kand in history and religious beliefs, an exam as a
2263 "folkhighschool" teacher, that is, for teaching grownups.  In
2264 Norwegian I believe it's called "Vuxenupplaring". I also have a master
2265 in "Technology and social change". So I'm not really a tech guy, I
2266 just like to study how humans and technology interact and that is my
2267 perspective when working with IT.</p>
2268
2269 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
2270 project?</strong></p>
2271
2272 I have followed the Skolelinux project for quite some time by
2273 now. Earlier I tested out the K12-LTSP project, which we used for some
2274 time, but I really like the idea of having a distribution aimed to be
2275 a complete solution for schools with necessary tools integrated. When
2276 K12-LTSP abandoned that idea some years ago, I started to look more
2277 seriously into Skolelinux instead.
2278
2279 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
2280 Edu?</strong></p>
2281
2282 The big point of Skolelinux to me is that it is a complete
2283 distribution, ready to install. It has LDAP-support, MS Windows
2284 integration tools and so forth already configured, saving an
2285 administrator a lot of time and headache. We were using another Linux
2286 based thin-client system called Thinlinc, that has served us very
2287 well. But that Skolelinux is based on VNC and LTSP, to me, is better
2288 when it comes to the kind of multimedia used in schools. That is
2289 showing videos from Youtube or educational TV. It is also easier to
2290 mix thin clients with workstations, since the user settings will be the
2291 same. In our VNC-based solution you had to "beat around the bush" by
2292 setting up a second, hidden, home-directory for user settings for the
2293 workstations, because they will be different from the ones used on the
2294 thin clients. Skolelinux support for diskless workstations are very
2295 convenient since a school today often need to use a class room
2296 projector showing videos in full screen. That is easily done with a
2297 small integrated media computer running as a diskless workstation. You
2298 have only two installs to update and configure. One for the thin
2299 clients and one for the workstations. Also saving a lot of time.  Our
2300 old system was also based on Redhat and CentOS. They are both very
2301 nice distributions, but they are sometimes painfully slow when it
2302 comes to updating multimedia support and multimedia programs (even
2303 such as Gimp), leaving us with a bit "oldish" applications. Debian is
2304 quicker to update.
2305
2306 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
2307 Edu?</strong></p>
2308
2309 <p>Debian is a bit too quick when it comes to updating. As an example
2310 we use old HP terminals as thinclients, and two times already this
2311 year (2012) the updates you get from the repositories has stopped
2312 sound from working with them.  It's a kernel/ALSA issue. So you have
2313 to be more careful properly testing the updates before you run them in
2314 a production environment. This has never happened with CentOS.</p>
2315
2316 <p>I also would like to be able to set my own domain-settings at
2317 install time.  In Skolelinux they are kind of hard coded into the
2318 distribution, when it comes to LDAP and at least samba integration.
2319 That is more a cosmetic/translation issue, and not a real problem.
2320 Running MS Windows applications within the Skolelinux environment needs
2321 to be better supported. That is, running them seamlessly via RDP, and
2322 support for single-sign on.  That will make the transition to free
2323 software easier, because you can keep the applications you really
2324 need.  No support will make it impossible if you work in a school where
2325 some applications can't be open source. As for us we really need to
2326 run Adobe InDesign in our journalist classes.  We run a journalist
2327 education, and is one of the very few non university ones that is ok:d
2328 by Svenska journalistförbundet (Swedish journalist association).  Our
2329 education gives the pupils the right of membership there, once they
2330 are done.  This is important if you want to get a job.</p>
2331
2332 <p>Adobe InDesign is the program most commonly used in newspapers and
2333 magazines.  We used Quark Express before, but they seem to loose there
2334 market to Adobe. The only "equivalent" to InDesign in the opensource
2335 world is Scribus, and its not advanced enough. At least not according
2336 to the teacher. I think it would be possible to use it, because they
2337 are not supposed to learn a program, they are supposed to learn how to
2338 edit and compile a newspaper.  But politically at our school we are not
2339 there yet.  And Scribus lacks a lot of things you find i InDesign.</p>
2340
2341 <p>We used even a windows program for sound editing when it comes to
2342 the radio-journalist part. The year to come we are going to try
2343 Audacity. That software has the same kind of limitations compared to
2344 Adobe Audition, but that teacher is a bit more open minded. We have
2345 tried Ardour also, but that instead is more like a music studio
2346 program, not intended for the kind of editing taking place in a radio
2347 studio. Its way to complex and the GUI is to scattered when you only
2348 want to cut, make pass-overs, add extra channels and normalise.  Those
2349 things you can do in Audacity, but its not as easy as in Audition. You
2350 have to do more things manually with envelopes, and that is a bit old
2351 fashion and timewasting. Its also harder to cut and move sound from
2352 one channel to another, which is a thing that you do frequently
2353 because you often find yourself needing to rearrange parts of the
2354 sound file.</p>
2355
2356 <p>So, I am not sure we will succeed in replacing even Audition, but we
2357 will try.  The problem is the students have certain expectations when
2358 they start an education towards a profession.  So the programs has to
2359 look and feel professional.  Good thing with radio, there are many
2360 programs out there, that radio studios use, so its not as standardised
2361 as Newspaper editing. That means, it does not really matter what
2362 program they learn, because once they start working they still have to
2363 learn the program the studio uses, so instead focus has to be to learn
2364 the editing part without to much focus on a specific software.</p>
2365
2366 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
2367
2368 <p>Myself I'm running Linux Mint, or Ubuntu these days.  I use almost
2369 only open source software, and preferably Linux based. When it comes
2370 to most used applications its OpenOffice, and Firefox (of course ;)
2371 )</p>
2372
2373 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
2374 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
2375
2376 <p>To get schools to use free software there has to be good open
2377 source software that are windows based, to ease the transition. But
2378 it's also very important that the multimedia support is working
2379 flawlessly.  The problems with Youtube, Twitter, Facebook and whatever
2380 will create problems when it comes to both teachers and
2381 students. Economy are also important for schools, so using thin
2382 clients, as long as they have good multimedia support, is a very good
2383 idea. It's also important that the open source software works even for
2384 the administration.  It's hard to convince the teachers to stick with
2385 open source, if the principal has to run Windows.  It also creates a
2386 problem if some classes has to use Windows for there tasks, since that
2387 will create a difference in "status" between classes, so a good
2388 support for running windows applications via the thin client (Linux)
2389 desktop is essential.  At least at our school, where we have mixed
2390 level of educations, from high-school to journalist-school.</p>
2391
2392 <p>Update 2012-07-09 08:30: Paul Wise tipped me on IRC about three
2393 useful sources related to Free Software for radio stations: the LWN
2394 article <a href="https://lwn.net/Articles/481607/">Radio station
2395 management with Airtime</a>,
2396 <a href="http://www.sourcefabric.org/en/airtime/">Airtime</a> which
2397 claim to be a Free open source radio automation software and
2398 <a href="http://www.rivendellaudio.org/">Rivendell</a> which claim to
2399 be complete radio broadcast automation solution.  All of them seem
2400 useful to the aspiring radio producer.</p>
2401
2402       </div>
2403       <div class="tags">
2404
2405
2406         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
2407
2408
2409       </div>
2410     </div>
2411     <div class="padding"></div>
2412
2413     <div class="entry">
2414       <div class="title">
2415         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_do_schools_waste_money_on_IT_.html">Why do schools waste money on IT?</a>
2416       </div>
2417       <div class="date">
2418          8th July 2012
2419       </div>
2420       <div class="body">
2421         <p>In the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project, we have realised that one
2422 of the major blockers for the project success is the purchasing skills
2423 in schools and municipalities.  We provide what the happy users of
2424 Debian Edu / Skolelinux say they need and to a lower cost than the
2425 alternatives, and yet so few schools decide to use our solution.  I
2426 was pleased to discover the same observation done by mySociety and Tom
2427 Steinberg in his blog post
2428 "<a href="http://www.mysociety.org/2012/06/19/can-you-recognize-the-million-pound-chair/">Can
2429 you recognize the million pound chair?</a>".  Read it and weep for the
2430 spending of your tax money.</p>
2431
2432 <p>Of course there are other factors involved as well, like our
2433 projects bad marketing skills and the Linux community fragmentation
2434 causing worry with the people on the outside, so we as a project need
2435 to keep working hard to gain users, but it is a up-hill battle when
2436 public decision makers are unable to understand computer system
2437 purchases.</p>
2438
2439       </div>
2440       <div class="tags">
2441
2442
2443         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2444
2445
2446       </div>
2447     </div>
2448     <div class="padding"></div>
2449
2450     <div class="entry">
2451       <div class="title">
2452         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Free_Timetabling_Software___nice_free_software.html">Free Timetabling Software - nice free software</a>
2453       </div>
2454       <div class="date">
2455          7th July 2012
2456       </div>
2457       <div class="body">
2458         <p>Included in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
2459 Skolelinux</a> is a large collection of end user and school specific
2460 software.  It is one of the packages not installed by default but
2461 provided in the Debian archive for schools to install if they want to,
2462 is a system to automatically plan the school time table using
2463 information about available teachers, classes and rooms, combined with
2464 the list of required courses and how many hours each topic should
2465 receive.  The software is
2466
2467 <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/">named FET</a>, and it provide a
2468 graphical user interface to input the required information, save the
2469 result in a fairly simple XML format, and generate time tables for
2470 both teachers and students.  It is available both for
2471 <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/download.html">Linux, MacOSX and
2472 Windows</a>.</p>
2473
2474 <p>This is <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/features.html">the
2475 feature list</a>, liftet from the project web site:</p>
2476
2477 <p><ul>
2478
2479   <li>FET is free software, licensed under the GNU GPL v2 or later.
2480     You can freely use, copy, modify and redistribute it </li>
2481
2482   <li>Localized to en_US (US English, default), ar (Arabic), ca
2483     (Catalan), da (Danish), de (German), el (Greek), es (Spanish), fa
2484     (Persian), fr (French), gl (Galician), he (Hebrew), hu
2485     (Hungarian), id (Indonesian), it (Italian), lt (Lithuanian), mk
2486     (Macedonian), ms (Malay), nl (Dutch), pl (Polish), pt_BR
2487     (Brazilian Portuguese), ro (Romanian), ru (Russian), si (Sinhala),
2488     sk (Slovak), sr (Serbian), tr (Turkish), uk (Ukrainian), uz
2489     (Uzbek) and vi (Vietnamese) (incompletely for some languages)
2490     </li>
2491
2492   <li>Fully automatic generation algorithm, allowing also
2493     semi-automatic or manual allocation</li>
2494
2495   <li>Platform independent implementation, allowing running on
2496     GNU/Linux, Windows, Mac and any system that Qt supports </li>
2497
2498   <li>Flexible modular XML format for the input file, allowing editing
2499     with an XML editor or by hand (besides FET interface)</li>
2500
2501   <li>Import/export from CSV format</li>
2502
2503   <li>The resulted timetables are exported into HTML, XML and CSV
2504     formats </li>
2505
2506   <li>Flexible students structure, organized into sets: years, groups
2507     and subgroups. FET allows overlapping years and groups and
2508     non-overlapping subgroups. You can even define individual students
2509     (as separate sets)</li>
2510
2511   <li>Each constraint has a weight percentage, from 0.0% to 100.0%
2512     (but some special constraints are allowed to have only 100% weight
2513     percentage)</li>
2514
2515   <li>Limits for the algorithm (all these limits can be increased on
2516     demand, as a custom version, because this would require a bit more
2517     memory):
2518     <ul>
2519       <li>Maximum total number of hours (periods) per day: 60</li>
2520       <li>Maximum number of working days per week: 35</li>
2521       <li>Maximum total number of teachers: 6000</li>
2522       <li>Maximum total number of sets of students: 30000</li>
2523       <li>Maximum total number of subjects: 6000</li>
2524       <li>Virtually unlimited number of activity tags</li>
2525       <li>Maximum number of activities: 30000</li>
2526       <li>Maximum number of rooms: 6000</li>
2527       <li>Maximum number of buildings: 6000</li>
2528       <li>Possibility of adding multiple teachers and
2529           students sets for each activity.  (it is possible
2530           also to have no teachers or no students sets for an
2531           activity)</li>
2532       <li>Virtually unlimited number of time constraints</li>
2533       <li>Virtually unlimited number of space constraints</li>
2534     </ul></li>
2535
2536   <li>A large and flexible palette of time constraints:
2537     <ul>
2538       <li>Break periods</li>
2539       <li>For teacher(s):
2540         <ul>
2541           <li>Not available periods</li>
2542           <li>Max/min days per week</li>
2543           <li>Max gaps per day/week</li>
2544           <li>Max hours daily/continuously</li>
2545           <li>Min hours daily</li>
2546           <li>Max hours daily/continuously with an activity tag</li>
2547
2548           <li>Respect working in an hourly interval a max number of
2549             days per week</li>
2550         </ul></li>
2551       <li>For students (sets):
2552         <ul>
2553           <li>Not available periods</li>
2554           <li>Begins early (specify max allowed beginnings at second hour)</li>
2555           <li>Max gaps per day/week</li>
2556           <li>Max hours daily/continuously</li>
2557           <li>Min hours daily</li>
2558           <li>Max hours daily/continuously with an activity tag</li>
2559
2560           <li>Respect working in an hourly interval a max number of
2561             days per week</li>
2562         </ul></li>
2563       <li>For an activity or a set of activities/subactivities:
2564         <ul>
2565           <li>A single preferred starting time</li>
2566           <li>A set of preferred starting times</li>
2567           <li>A set of preferred time slots</li>
2568           <li>Min/max days between them</li>
2569           <li>End(s) students day</li>
2570           <li>Same starting time/day/hour</li>
2571           <li>Occupy max time slots from selection (a complex and
2572             flexible constraint, useful in many situations)</li>
2573           <li>Consecutive, ordered, grouped (for 2 or 3 (sub)activities)</li>
2574           <li>Not overlapping</li>
2575           <li>Max simultaneous in selected time slots</li>
2576           <li>Min gaps between a set of (sub)activities</li>
2577         </ul></li>
2578     </ul></li>
2579
2580   <li>A large and flexible palette of space constraints:
2581     <ul>
2582       <li>Room not available periods</li>
2583       <li>For teacher(s):
2584         <ul>
2585           <li>Home room(s)</li>
2586           <li>Max building changes per day/week</li>
2587           <li>Min gaps between building changes</li>
2588         </ul>
2589       </li>
2590
2591       <li>For students (sets):
2592         <ul>
2593           <li>Home room(s)</li>
2594           <li>Max building changes per day/week</li>
2595           <li>Min gaps between building changes</li>
2596         </ul>
2597       </li>
2598       <li>Preferred room(s):
2599         <ul>
2600           <li>For a subject</li>
2601           <li>For an activity tag</li>
2602           <li>For a subject and an activity tag</li>
2603           <li>Individually for a (sub)activity</li>
2604         </ul>
2605       </li>
2606
2607       <li>For a set of activities:
2608         <ul>
2609           <li>Occupy a maximum number of different rooms</li>
2610         </ul>
2611       </li>
2612     </ul>
2613   </li>
2614 </ul></p>
2615
2616 <p>I have not used it myself, as I am not involved in time table
2617 planning at a school, but it seem to work fine when I test it.  If you
2618 need to set up your schools time table, and is tired of doing it
2619 manually, check it out.
2620
2621 A quick summary on how to use it can be found in
2622 <a href="http://marvelsoft.co.in/wp/2012/03/generate-timetable-for-state-cbse-icse-igcse-schools-free/">a
2623 blog post from MarvelSoft</a>.  If you find FET useful, please provide
2624 a recipe for the Debian Edu project in the
2625 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu#Howtos">Debian Edu HowTo
2626 section</a>.</p>
2627
2628       </div>
2629       <div class="tags">
2630
2631
2632         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2633
2634
2635       </div>
2636     </div>
2637     <div class="padding"></div>
2638
2639     <div class="entry">
2640       <div class="title">
2641         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Markus_Gamenius.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Markus Gamenius</a>
2642       </div>
2643       <div class="date">
2644         30th June 2012
2645       </div>
2646       <div class="body">
2647         <p>Tidligere leder av
2648 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no">foreningen som
2649 organiserer Skolelinux-dugnaden</a>, Markus Gamenius , har i vår vært
2650 i media og
2651 <a href="http://www.dn.no/privatokonomi/article2345489.ece">debattert
2652 skattepolitikk</a>, og det fikk meg til å høre om han kunne lokkes til
2653 å fortelle om hans inntrykk nå, etter at han ble lokket bort fra
2654 Linux- og <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-verden
2655 for å overta familiebedriften.  Her har vi hans betraktninger i dag,
2656 noen måneder etter at
2657 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Skolelinux
2658 Squeeze</a>-utgaven ble gitt ut.</p>
2659
2660 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
2661
2662 <p>Jeg heter Markus Gamenius og er 40 år.  Utdannet biolog med ymse
2663 fag på siden.  Har jobbet som lærer der jeg var driftsansvarlig på
2664 Ulsrud VGS i Oslo.  Senere eide og jobbet jeg flere år i Linuxlabs AS,
2665 som jeg solgte til Redpill Linpro AS (den gangen Linpro AS).  I dag
2666 jobber jeg med ulike investeringer, hovedsaklig i eiendom, men også i
2667 en del ulike IT-relaterte bedrifter.</p>
2668
2669 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
2670
2671 <p>Fruen og jeg dro på en lengre seiltur i 2000, der jeg måtte ha "noe
2672 å gjøre" under hjemturen over Atlanteren.  Jeg kjøpte et par bøker om
2673 Linux i en bokhandel i New York og ble veldig fascinert.  Etter
2674 hjemkomsten begynte jeg å jobbe på Ulsrud VGS, som naturfagslærer, men
2675 som IT-interessert ble jeg fort en del av den nye IT-satsningen som
2676 skulle løfte Ulsrud og gi skolen en bedre rykte.  Vi hadde ganske
2677 mange maskiner, som gikk på Win98 og to servere som ble oppgradert til
2678 Win2000.  Systemene var ustabil og dårlige.  På leting etter noe
2679 bedre, uten å knekke ryggen økonomisk, kom jeg over "Linux i Skolen"
2680 og Skolelinux.  Jeg tok kontakt med miljøet og en gjeng møtte opp på
2681 skolen, der vi gjorde en liten testinstallasjon.  Etter et par år var
2682 ryggraden på skolen Linux (Skolelinux) og vi hadde flere hundre
2683 maskiner, både tynne klienter (gamle og nye), bærbare (Debian) og noen
2684 stasjonære (Win2000).  På et tidspunkt var Ulsrud den råeste IT-skolen
2685 og det irriterte skolesjefen i Oslo, da de satset hardt på
2686 Windows.</p>
2687
2688 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
2689
2690 <p>Det som gjorde at vi fikk inn Skolelinux var ene og alene
2691 økonomiske.  Det faktum at vi slapp å kjøpe masse nye lisenser og at
2692 vi kunne bruke gammel hardware.  Alt i alt gjorde dette at vi sparte
2693 mye, men i stede for å bruke mindre på IT brukte vi det vi sparte på å
2694 skaffe mer hardware og på den måten gi det beste tilbudet i landet til
2695 våre elever.  For oss som driftet var det himmel å ha et system som
2696 gikk å administrere sentralt og effektivt.  Det var heller ikke så
2697 dumt at vi kunne "låse" maskinene mer effektivt enn vi kunne med
2698 Microsoft Windows, slik at vi slapp mye feil og problemer som ble
2699 forårsaket av "kreative" elever.</p>
2700
2701 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
2702
2703 <p>Det vi slet med var mangelen av en del programmer lærerne ville ha.
2704 Husker ikke alle, men det var et knippe med pedagogiske programmer de
2705 ikke fikk.  I dag tror jeg det problemet er langt mindre da det meste
2706 av disse kjøres gjennom nettleseren.</p>
2707
2708 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
2709
2710 <p>Jeg bruker mye Apple i dag og er ikke så stolt av det, men jeg har
2711 både OpenOffice, Firefox og en del andre programmer på den bærbare.
2712 Firefox brukes mest av disse.  På Apple-serveren hjemme bruker jeg
2713 HandBrake mye, og jeg har installert OpenWRT på flere av
2714 basestasjonene både hjemme og på jobben.  I tillegg til det har jeg i
2715 flere år finansiert et prosjekt som heter
2716 <a href="http://www.found.no/">Found IT</a>.  Dette er et prosjekt der
2717 vi lager et rammeverk for søk, der alt vi bruker fri programvare.  Det
2718 er Alex Brasetvik som er daglig leder i Found IT.</p>
2719
2720 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
2721 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
2722
2723 <p>Når det gjelder IT og skole er fortsatt økonomi veldig viktig.  Så
2724 man må oppfylle minimumskravene (ikke være best, men bra nok) og selge
2725 seg inn på hvor mye man sparer.  Det betyr selvsagt at man sparer på
2726 lisenser, men også på driftsinnsats.  Men nå når jeg ikke er en aktiv
2727 del av miljøet lenger hører jeg nesten ingen ting om fri programvare.
2728 Jeg stiller meg da spørsmålet om det har blitt stille rundt miljøet,
2729 eller om jeg kun så det tydeligere før når jeg var aktiv? Uansett er
2730 det for stille rundt Skolelinux-prosjektet nå.</p>
2731
2732       </div>
2733       <div class="tags">
2734
2735
2736         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
2737
2738
2739       </div>
2740     </div>
2741     <div class="padding"></div>
2742
2743     <div class="entry">
2744       <div class="title">
2745         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Jos__Luis_Redrejo_Rodr_guez.html">Debian Edu interview: José Luis Redrejo Rodríguez</a>
2746       </div>
2747       <div class="date">
2748         26th June 2012
2749       </div>
2750       <div class="body">
2751         <p>I've been too busy at home, but finally I found time to wrap up
2752 another interview with the people behind
2753 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>.
2754 This time we get to know José Luis Redrejo Rodríguez, one of our great
2755 helpers from Spain.  His effort was the reason we added support for
2756 several desktop types (KDE, Gnome and most recently LXDE) in Debian
2757 Edu, and have all of these available in the recently published
2758 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
2759 Squeeze</a> version.</p>
2760
2761 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
2762
2763 <p>I'm a father, teacher and engineer who is working for the Education
2764 ministry of the Region of Extremadura (Spain) in the implementation of
2765 ICT in schools</p>
2766
2767 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
2768 project?</strong></p>
2769
2770 <p>At 2006, I verified that both, we in Extremadura and Skolelinux
2771 project, had been working in parallel for some years, doing very
2772 similar things, using very similar tools and with similar targets, so
2773 I decided it was time to join forces as much as possible.</p>
2774
2775 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
2776 Edu?</strong></p>
2777
2778 <p>A community of highly skilled experts working together, with a
2779 really open schema of collaboration and work. I really love the
2780 concepts of Do-ocracy and Merit-ocracy and the way these concepts are
2781 been used everyday inside Debian Edu.</p>
2782
2783 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
2784 Edu?</strong></p>
2785
2786 <p>Sometimes the differences in the implementations, laws or
2787 economical and technical resources in the different countries don't
2788 allow us to agree in the same solution for all of us, and several
2789 approaches are needed, what is a waste of effort. Also, there is a
2790 lack of more man power to be able to follow the fast evolution of the
2791 technologies in school.</p>
2792
2793 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
2794
2795 <p>Debian, of course, and due to my kind of job I am most of my time
2796 between Iceweasel, <a href="http://www.geany.org/">Geany</a> and
2797 <a href="http://www.ohloh.net/p/gnome-terminator">Terminator</a>.</p>
2798
2799 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
2800 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
2801
2802 <p>I think there is not a single strategy because there are very
2803 different scenarios: schools with mixed proprietary and free
2804 environments, schools using only workstations, other schools using
2805 laptops, netbooks, tablets, interactive white-boards, etc.</p>
2806
2807 <p>Also the range of ages of the students is very broad and you can
2808 not use the same solutions for primary schools and secondary or even
2809 universities. So different strategies are needed.</p>
2810
2811 <p>But, looking at these differences, and looking back to the things
2812 we've done and implemented, and the places were we have spent most of
2813 our forces, I think we should focus as much as possible in free
2814 multi-platform environments, using only standards tools, and moving
2815 more and more to Internet or network solutions that could be deployed
2816 using wireless. I think we'll see more and more personal devices in
2817 the schools, devices the students and teachers will take home with
2818 them, so the solutions must be able to be taken at home and continue
2819 working there.</p>
2820
2821       </div>
2822       <div class="tags">
2823
2824
2825         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
2826
2827
2828       </div>
2829     </div>
2830     <div class="padding"></div>
2831
2832     <div class="entry">
2833       <div class="title">
2834         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu___some_ideas_for_the_future_versions.html">Debian Edu - some ideas for the future versions</a>
2835       </div>
2836       <div class="date">
2837         11th June 2012
2838       </div>
2839       <div class="body">
2840         <p>During my work on
2841 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.nb.html">Debian Edu
2842 based on Squeeze</a>, I came across some issues that should be
2843 addressed in the Wheezy release.  I finally found time to wrap up my
2844 notes and provide quick summary of what I found, with a bit
2845 explanation.</p>
2846
2847 <p><ul>
2848
2849 <li>We need to rewrite our package installation framework, as tasksel
2850 changed from using tasksel tasks to using meta packages (aka packages
2851 with dependencies like our education-* packages), and our installation
2852 system depend on tasksel tasks in
2853 /usr/share/tasksel/debian-edu-tasks.desc for package
2854 installation.</li>
2855
2856 <li>Enable Kerberos login for more services.  Now with the Kerberos
2857 foundation in place, we should use it to get single sign on with more
2858 services, and avoiding unneeded password / login questions.  We should
2859 at least try to enable it for these services:
2860 <ul>
2861
2862   <li>CUPS for admins to add/configure printers and users when using
2863     quotas.</li>
2864   <li>Nagios for admins checking the system status.</li>
2865   <li>GOsa for admins updating LDAP and users changing their passwords.</li>
2866   <li>LDAP for admins updating LDAP.</li>
2867   <li>Squid for users when exam mode / filtering is active.</li>
2868   <li>ssh for admins and users to save a password prompt.</li>
2869
2870 </ul></li>
2871
2872 <li>When we move GOsa to use Kerberos instead of LDAP bind to
2873 authenticate users, we should try to block or at least limit access to
2874 use LDAP bind for authentication, to ensure Kerberos is used when it
2875 is intended, and nothing fall back to using the less safe LDAP bind</li>
2876
2877 <li>Merge debian-edu-config and debian-edu-install.  The split made
2878 sense when d-e-install did a lot more, but these days it is just an
2879 inconvenience when we update the debconf preseeding values.</li>
2880
2881 <li>Fix partman-auto to allow us to abort the installation before
2882 touching the disk if the disk is too small.  This is
2883 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/653305">BTS report #653305</a> and the
2884 d-i developers are fine with the patch and someone just need to apply
2885 it and upload.  After this is done we need to adjust
2886 debian-edu-install to use this new hook.</li>
2887
2888 <li>Adjust to new LTSP framework (boot time config instead of install
2889 time config).  LTSP changed its design, and our hooks to install
2890 packages and update the configuration is most likely not going to work
2891 in Wheezy.
2892
2893 <li>Consider switching to NBD instead of NFS for LTSP root, to allow
2894 the Kernel to cache files in its normal file cache, possibly speeding
2895 up KDE login on slow networks.</li>
2896
2897 <li>Make it possible to create expired user passwords that need to
2898 change on first login.  This is useful when handing out password on
2899 paper, to make sure only the user know the password.  This require
2900 fixes to the PAM handling of kdm and gdm.</li>
2901
2902 <li>Make GUI for adding new machines automatically from sitesummary.
2903 The current command line script is not very friendly to people most
2904 familiar with GUIs.  This should probably be integrated into GOsa to
2905 have it available where the admin will be looking for it..</li>
2906
2907 <li>We should find way for Nagios to check that the DHCP service
2908 actually is working (as in handling out IP addresses).  None of the
2909 Nagios checks I have found so far have been working for me.</li>
2910
2911 <li>We should switch from libpam-nss-ldapd to sssd for all profiles
2912 using LDAP, and not only on for roaming workstations, to have less
2913 packages to configure and consistent setup across all profiles.</li>
2914
2915 <li>We should configure Kerberos to update LDAP and Samba password
2916 when changing password using the Kerberos protocol.  The hook was
2917 requested in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/588968">BTS report
2918 #588968</a> and is now available in Wheezy.  We might need to write a
2919 MIT Kerberos plugin in C to get this.</li>
2920
2921 <li>We should clean up the set of applications installed by default.
2922 <ul>
2923
2924 <li>reduce the number of chemistry visualisers</li>
2925 <li>consider dropping xpaint</li>
2926 <li>and probably more?</li>
2927 </ul></li>
2928
2929 <li>Some hardware need external firmware to work properly.  This is
2930 mostly the case for WiFi network cards, but there are some other
2931 examples too.  For popular laptops to work out of the box, such
2932 firmware need to be installed from non-free, and we should provide
2933 some GUI to do this.  Ubuntu already have this implemented, and we
2934 could consider using their packages.  At the moment we have some
2935 command line script to do this (one for the running system, another
2936 for the LTSP chroot).</li>
2937
2938
2939 <li>In Squeeze, we provide KDE, Gnome and LXDE as desktop options.  We
2940 should extend the list to Xfce and Sugar, and preferably find a way to
2941 install several and allow the admin or the user to select which one to
2942 use.</li>
2943
2944 <li>The golearn tool from the goplay package make it easy to check out
2945 interesting educational packages.  We should work on the package
2946 tagging in Debian to ensure it represent all the useful educational
2947 packages, and extend the tool to allow it to use packagekit to install
2948 new applications with a simple mouse click.</li>
2949
2950 <li>The Squeeze version got half a exam solution already in place,
2951 with the introduction of iptable based network blocking, but for it to
2952 be a complete exam solution the Squid proxy need to enable
2953 filtering/blocking as well when the exam mode is enabled.  We should
2954 implement a way to easily enable this for the schools that want it,
2955 instead of the "it is documented" method of today.</li>
2956
2957 <li>A feature used in several schools is the ability for a teacher to
2958 "take over" the desktop of individual or all computers in the room.
2959 There are at least three implementations,
2960 <a href="italc.sourceforge.net/">italc</a>,
2961 <a href="http://www.itais.net/help/en/">controlaula</a> og
2962 <a href="http://www.epoptes.org/">epoptes</a> and we should pick one of
2963 them and make it trivial to set it up in a school.  The challenges is
2964 how to distribute crypto keys and how to group computers in one room
2965 and how to set up which machine/user can control the machines in a
2966 given room.</li>
2967
2968 <li>Tablets and surf boards are getting more and more popular, and we
2969 should look into providing a good solution for integrating these into
2970 the Debian Edu network.  Not quite sure how.  Perhaps we should
2971 provide a installation profile with better touch screen support for
2972 them, or add some sync services to allow them to exchange
2973 configuration and data with the central server.  This should be
2974 investigated.</li>
2975
2976 </ul></p>
2977
2978 <p>I guess we will discover more as we continue to work on the Wheezy
2979 version.</p>
2980
2981       </div>
2982       <div class="tags">
2983
2984
2985         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2986
2987
2988       </div>
2989     </div>
2990     <div class="padding"></div>
2991
2992     <div class="entry">
2993       <div class="title">
2994         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Mike_Gabriel.html">Debian Edu interview: Mike Gabriel</a>
2995       </div>
2996       <div class="date">
2997          2nd June 2012
2998       </div>
2999       <div class="body">
3000         <p>Back in 2010, Mike Gabriel showed up on the
3001 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
3002 mailing list.  He quickly proved to be a valuable developer, and
3003 thanks to his tireless effort we now have Kerberos integrated into the
3004 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
3005 Squeeze</a> version.</p>
3006
3007 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
3008
3009 <p>My name is Mike Gabriel, I am 38 years old and live near Kiel,
3010 Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. I live together with a wonderful partner
3011 (Angela Fuß) and two own children and two bonus children (contributed
3012 by Angela).</p>
3013
3014 <p>During the day I am part-time employed as a system administrator
3015 and part-time working as an IT consultant. The consultancy work
3016 touches free software topics wherever and whenever possible. During
3017 the nights I am a free software developer. In the gaps I also train in
3018 becoming an osteopath.</p>
3019
3020 <p>Starting in 2010 we (Andreas Buchholz, Angela Fuß, Mike Gabriel)
3021 have set up a free software project in the area of Kiel that aims at
3022 introducing free software into schools. The project's name is
3023 "IT-Zukunft Schule" (IT future for schools). The project links IT
3024 skills with communication skills.</p>
3025
3026 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
3027 project?</strong></p>
3028
3029 <p>While preparing our own customised Linux distribution for
3030 "IT-Zukunft Schule" we were repeatedly asked if we really wanted to
3031 reinvent the wheel. What schools really need is already available,
3032 people said.  From this impulse we started evaluating other Linux
3033 distributions that target being used for school networks.</p>
3034
3035 <p>At the end we short-listed two approaches and compared them: a
3036 commercial Linux distribution developed by a company in Bremen,
3037 Germany, and Skolelinux / Debian Edu. Between 12/2010 and 03/2011 we
3038 went to several events and met people being responsible for marketing
3039 and development of either of the distributions. Skolelinux / Debian
3040 Edu was by far much more convincing compared to the other product that
3041 got short-listed beforehand--across the full spectrum. What was most
3042 attractive for me personally: the perspective of collaboration within
3043 the developmental branch of the Debian Edu project itself.</p>
3044
3045 <p>In parallel with this, we talked to many local and not-so-local
3046 people.  People teaching at schools, headmasters, politicians, data
3047 protection experts, other IT professionals.</p>
3048
3049 <p>We came to two conclusions:</p>
3050
3051 <p>First, a technical conclusion: What schools need is available in
3052 bits and pieces here and there, and none of the solutions really fit
3053 by 100%. Any school we have seen has a very individual IT setup
3054 whereas most of each school's requirements could mapped by a standard
3055 IT solution.  The requirement to this IT solution is flexibility and
3056 customisability, so that individual adaptations here and there are
3057 possible.  In terms of re-distributing and rolling out such a
3058 standardised IT system for schools (a system that is still to some
3059 degree customisable) there is still a lot of work to do here
3060 locally. Debian Edu / Skolelinux has been our choice as the starting
3061 point.</p>
3062
3063 <p>Second, a holistic conclusion: What schools need does not exist at
3064 all (or we missed it so far). There are several technical solutions
3065 for handling IT at schools that tend to make a good impression. What
3066 has been missing completely here in Germany, though, is the enrolment
3067 of people into using IT and teaching with IT. "IT-Zukunft Schule"
3068 tries to provide an approach for this.</p>
3069
3070 <p>Only some schools have some sort of a media concept which explains,
3071 defines and gives guidance on how to use IT in class. Most schools in
3072 Northern Germany do not have an IT service provider, the school's IT
3073 equipment is managed by one or (if the school is lucky) two (admin)
3074 teachers, most of the workload these admin teachers get done in there
3075 spare time.</p>
3076
3077 <p>We were surprised that only a very few admin teachers were
3078 networked with colleagues from other schools. Basically, every school
3079 here around has its individual approach of providing IT equipment to
3080 teachers and students and the exchange of ideas has been quasi
3081 non-existent until 2010/2011.</p>
3082
3083 <p>Quite some (non-admin) teachers try to avoid using IT technology in
3084 class as a learning medium completely. Several reasons for this
3085 avoidance do exist.</p>
3086
3087 <p>We discovered that no-one has ever taken a closer look at this
3088 social part of IT management in schools, so far. On our quest journey
3089 for a technical IT solution for schools, we discussed this issue with
3090 several teachers, headmasters, politicians, other IT professionals and
3091 they all confirmed: a holistic approach of considering IT management
3092 at schools, an approach that includes the people in place, will be new
3093 and probably a gain for all.</p>
3094
3095 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3096 Edu?</strong></p>
3097
3098 <p>There is a list of advantages: international context, openness to
3099 any kind of contributions, do-ocracy policy, the closeness to Debian,
3100 the different installation scenarios possible (from stand-alone
3101 workstation to complex multi-server sites), the transparency within
3102 project communication, honest communication within the group of
3103 developers, etc.</p>
3104
3105 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3106 Edu?</strong></p>
3107
3108 <p>Every coin has two sides:</p>
3109
3110 <p>Technically: <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/311188">BTS issue
3111 #311188</a>, tricky upgradability of a Debian Edu main server, network
3112 client installations on top of a plain vanilla Debian installation
3113 should become possible sometime in the near future, one could think
3114 about splitting the very complex package debian-edu-config into
3115 several portions (to make it easier for new developers to
3116 contribute).</p>
3117
3118 <p>Another issue I see is that we (as Debian Edu developers) should
3119 find out more about the network of people who do the marketing for
3120 Debian Edu / Skolelinux. There is a very active group in Germany
3121 promoting Skolelinux on the bigger Linux Days within Germany. Are
3122 there other groups like that in other countries? How can we bring
3123 these marketing people together (marketing group A with group B and
3124 all of them with the group of Debian Edu developers)? During the last
3125 meeting of the German Skolelinux group, I got the impression of people
3126 there being rather disconnected from the development department of
3127 Debian Edu / Skolelinux.</p>
3128
3129 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
3130
3131 <p>For my daily business, I do not use commercial software at all.</p>
3132
3133 <p>For normal stuff I use Iceweasel/Firefox, Libreoffice.org. For
3134 serious text writing I prefer LaTeX. I use gimp, inkscape, scribus for
3135 more artistic tasks. I run virtual machines in KVM and Virtualbox.</p>
3136
3137 <p>I am one of the upstream developers of X2Go. In 2010 I started the
3138 development of a Python based X2Go Client, called PyHoca-GUI.
3139 PyHoca-GUI has brought forth a Python X2Go Client API that currently
3140 is being integrated in Ubuntu's software center.</p>
3141
3142 <p>For communications I have my own Kolab server running using Horde
3143 as web-based groupware client. For IRC I love to use irssi, for Jabber
3144 I have several clients that I use, mostly pidgin, though. I am also
3145 the Debian maintainer of Coccinella, a Jabber-based interactive
3146 whiteboard.</p>
3147
3148 <p>My favourite terminal emulator is KDE's Yakuake.</p>
3149
3150 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
3151 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
3152
3153 <p>Communicate, communicate, communicate. Enrol people, enrol people,
3154 enrol people.</p>
3155
3156       </div>
3157       <div class="tags">
3158
3159
3160         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
3161
3162
3163       </div>
3164     </div>
3165     <div class="padding"></div>
3166
3167     <div class="entry">
3168       <div class="title">
3169         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Ralf_Gesellensetter.html">Debian Edu interview: Ralf Gesellensetter</a>
3170       </div>
3171       <div class="date">
3172         27th May 2012
3173       </div>
3174       <div class="body">
3175         <p>In 2003, a German teacher showed up on the
3176 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
3177 mailing list with interesting problems and reports proving he setting
3178 up Linux for a (for us at the time) lot of pupils.  His name was Ralf
3179 Gesellensetter, and he has been an important tester and contributor
3180 since then, helping to make sure the
3181 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
3182 Squeeze</a> release became as good as it is..</p>
3183
3184 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
3185
3186 <p>I am a teacher from Germany, and my subjects are Geography,
3187 Mathematics, and Computer Science ("Informatik"). During the past 12
3188 years (since 2000), I have been working for a comprehensive (and soon,
3189 also inclusive) school leading to all kind of general levels, such as
3190 O- or A-level ("Abitur").  For quite as long, I've been taking care of
3191 our computer network.</p>
3192
3193 <p>Now, in my early 40s, I enjoy the privilege of spending a lot of my
3194 spare time together with my wife, our son (3 years) and our daughter
3195 (4 months).</p>
3196
3197 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
3198 project?</strong></p>
3199
3200 <p>We had tried different Linux based school servers, when members of
3201 my local Linux User Group (LUG OWL) detected Skolelinux. I remember
3202 very well, being part of a party celebrating the Linux New Media Award
3203 ("Best Newcomer Distribution", also nominated: Ubuntu) that was given
3204 to Skolelinux at Linux World Exposition in Frankfurt, 2005 (IIRC). Few
3205 months later, I had the chance to join a developer meeting in Ulsrud
3206 (Oslo) and to hand out the award to Knut Yrvin and others.  For more
3207 than 7 years, Skolelinux is part of our schools infrastructure, namely
3208 our main server (tjener), one LTSP (today without thin clients), and
3209 approximately 50 work stations. Most of these have the option to boot a
3210 locally installed Skolelinux image.  As a consequence, I joined quite
3211 a few events dealing with free software or Linux, and met many Debian
3212 (Edu) developers. All of them seemed quite nice and competent to me,
3213 one more reason to stick to Skolelinux.</p>
3214
3215 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3216 Edu?</strong></p>
3217
3218 <p>Debian driven, you are given all the advantages of a community
3219 project including well maintained updates. Once, you are familiar with
3220 the network layout, you can easily roll out an entire educational
3221 computer infrastructure, from just one installation media. As only
3222 free software (FOSS) is used, that supports even elderly hardware,
3223 up-sizing your IT equipment is only limited by space (i.e. available
3224 labs).  Especially if you run a LTSP thin client server, your
3225 administration costs tend towards zero.</p>
3226
3227 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3228 Edu?</strong></p>
3229
3230 <p>While Debian's stability has loads of advantages for servers, this
3231 might be different in some cases for clients: Schools with unlimited
3232 budget might buy new hardware with components that are not yet
3233 supported by Debian stable, or wish to use more recent versions of
3234 office packages or desktop environments.  These schools have the
3235 option to run Debian testing or other distributions - if they have the
3236 capacity to do so.  Another issue is that Debian release cycles
3237 include a wide range of changes; therefor a high percentage of human
3238 power seems to be absorbed by just keeping the features of Skolelinux
3239 within the new setting of the version to come. During this process,
3240 the cogs of Debian Edu are getting more and more professional,
3241 i.e. harder to understand for novices.</p>
3242
3243 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
3244
3245 <p>LibreOffice, Wikipedia, Openstreetmap, Iceweasel (Mozilla Firefox),
3246 KMail, Gimp, Inkscape - and of course the Linux Kernel (not only on
3247 PC, Laptop, Mobile, but also our SAT receiver)</p>
3248
3249 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
3250 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
3251
3252 <p><ol>
3253
3254 <li>Support computer science as regular subject in schools to make
3255 people really "own" their hardware, to make them understand the
3256 difference between proprietary software products, and free software
3257 developing.</li>
3258
3259 <li>Make budget baskets corresponding: In Germany's public schools
3260 there are more or less fixed budgets for IT equipment (including
3261 licenses), so schools won't benefit from any savings here. This
3262 privilege is left to private schools which have consequently a large
3263 share among German Skolelinux schools.</li>
3264
3265 <li>Get free software in the seminars where would-be teachers are
3266 trained. In many cases, teachers' software customs are respected by
3267 decision makers rather than the expertise of any IT experts.</li>
3268
3269 <li>Don't limit ourself to free software run natively. Everybody uses
3270 free software or free licenses (for instance Wikipedia), and this
3271 general concept should get expanded to free educational content to be
3272 shared world wide (school books e.g.).</li>
3273
3274 <li>Make clear where ever you can that the market share of free (libre)
3275 office suites is much above 20 p.c. today, and that you pupils don't
3276 need to know the "ribbon menu" in order to get employed.</li>
3277
3278 <li>Talk about the difference between freeware and free software.</li>
3279
3280 <li>Spread free software, or even collections of portable free apps
3281 for USB pen drives. Endorse students to get a legal copy of
3282 Libreoffice rather than accepting them to use illegal serials.  And
3283 keep sending documents in ODF formats.</li>
3284
3285 </ol></p>
3286
3287       </div>
3288       <div class="tags">
3289
3290
3291         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
3292
3293
3294       </div>
3295     </div>
3296     <div class="padding"></div>
3297
3298     <div class="entry">
3299       <div class="title">
3300         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Alf_Tonny_B_tz.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Alf Tonny Bätz</a>
3301       </div>
3302       <div class="date">
3303         20th May 2012
3304       </div>
3305       <div class="body">
3306         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektets</a>
3307 musiker og mannen bak
3308 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Manuals/Rosegarden/">opplæringsdokumentene
3309 i Rosegarden</a>
3310 (<a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/nb/rosegarden-manual.html">norsk
3311 utgave</a>) for musikklærere, Alf Tonny Bätz, er neste mann ut i min
3312 intervjurunde av folkene bak Skolelinux-løsningen.  Jeg har kjent Alf
3313 Tonny siden vi møttes som barn på påskefjellet i Ofoten, og ble
3314 gledelig overrasket da han dukket opp i Skolelinux-prosjektet etter å
3315 ikke ha sett noe til ham på mange år.</p>
3316
3317 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
3318
3319 <p>Jeg er utdannet kokk av yrke, og har utøvet yrket i 12 år.  Men
3320 etter at ryggen sa takk før seg, studerte jeg nettverksadministrasjon
3321 ved Næringsakademiet i Bergen årene 2008-2009 slik at jeg kunne
3322 forfølge en av mine største interesser - data.  Til daglig jobber jeg
3323 ved <a href="http://www.narvikskolen.no/parken/">Parken
3324 ungdomsskole</a> med å drifte skolens PC-er. Har også litt
3325 musikkundervisning.</p>
3326
3327 <p>Mitt mål er å bevisstgjøre musikklærene mulighetene med de frie
3328 programmene som finnes i Skolelinux, blant annet Rosegarden.</p>
3329
3330 <p>Har i mange år drevet med musikk og en av grunnen til at Rosegarden
3331 falt i smak for min del, var fordi denne fungere og ligner mest på
3332 Windows-programmet (cubase) jeg jobbet mye med da jeg i mine yngre
3333 dager var «Windows fanatiker».  Ble introdusert til Linux av en kompis
3334 av meg for omtrent 14 år siden, og har bare blitt mer og mer glad i
3335 dette operativsystemet.</p>
3336
3337 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
3338
3339 <p>Da jeg ble sykemeldt fra min gamle jobb, og måtte omskoleres,
3340 havnet jeg i 2007 sammen med Viggo Fedreheim på IKT-avdelingen i
3341 Narvik kommune, der ble jeg for første gang introdusert til
3342 Skolelinuxprosjektet.</p>
3343
3344 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
3345
3346 <p>Skolelinux er enkelt å holde i drift og masse flotte programmer som
3347 geogebra, ktouch og kgeografi følger med pakken.  Man kan ta i bruk
3348 gamle PC-er igjen, slik at skoler med dårlig råd får opp en brukbar
3349 PC-park.  PC-er som er ca 6-9 år gamle fungere tilfredstillende, bare
3350 de har 512 MB RAM eller mer.</p>
3351
3352 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
3353
3354 <p>Ulempene er at noen av de pedagogiske programmene som lærene ønsker
3355 å bruke fungere dårlig med Linux.  Mye pga. av at disse programmene
3356 blir ikke laget til Linuxbaserte operativsystemer.</p>
3357
3358 <p>Video- og bilde-redigering har dessverre en del mangler, mange av
3359 programmene har en tendens til og krasje.  Det gjelder blant annet
3360 <a href="http://www.kdenlive.org/">kdenlive</a> og
3361 <a href="http://www.openshotvideo.com/">openshot</a>, for å nevne
3362 noen.  De er ikke stabile nok.  Når elevene kommer med filmsnutter de
3363 ønsker og jobbe med, så godtar ikke programmene filene, og når elevene
3364 jobber med redigering bare krasjer programmene uten forvarsel.  Det er
3365 for vanskelig å få noe som bare fungerer ut av boksen her. Når en elev
3366 plugger inn et videokamera eller fotoapparat så er det alltid noe som
3367 ikke vil fungere.  Programmene godtar ikke format, godtar ikke
3368 kameraet, osv., osv. Det er dessverre med på og dra ned en positiv
3369 opplevelse av bruk av fri programvare.</p>
3370
3371 <p>Man må ofte bruke flere en et video redigerings program før og få
3372 fullført en ønsket oppgave.</p>
3373
3374 <p>Eksempel:</p>
3375
3376 <p>Hvis det ene programmet ikke vil ta i mot videofilen klarer et
3377 annet det, men det programmet som klarer det kan ikke gjøre de samme
3378 oppgavene som det programmet som ikke ville ta i mot filen,
3379 Tilsvarende er det med foto, man må bruke flere programmer for å få
3380 et ferdig resultat. Til dags dato har jeg enda ikke funnet et video-
3381 og fotoprogram som kan tilfredstillende fullføre en oppgave.</p>
3382
3383 <p>Så man kan klare og fullføre en oppgave, men i verste fall må man
3384 innom 3-4 programmer for å få det til.  Så jeg har enda ikke til dags
3385 dato sett at et program fungere 100% til alt.</p>
3386
3387 <p>Det programmet jeg har best erfaring til er
3388 <a href="http://cinelerra.org/">cinelerra</a>, men dessverre har det
3389 også tendenser og krasje av og til uten grunn.</p>
3390
3391 Lydsystemet kan også være et mareritt.  Konkret snakker jeg om når du
3392 bruker for eksempel et smartboard, så følger det med USB-lydkort på
3393 disse.  Problemet ligger her i at systemet ikke vil velge rett
3394 lydkort, så man må inn med padevchooser for å sette opp PulseAudio
3395 til og velge at USB-lydkortet skal brukes.  Det blir for tungvindt for
3396 lærene, de ønsker at ting skal fungere med en gang. (min løsning på
3397 det problemet ble at jeg måtte deaktivere lydkortet som fantes på
3398 maskinen) men da må man bestandig slå på smartboard-tavla.
3399
3400 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
3401
3402 Programmene jeg bruker mest av er: Rosegarden, jack, qsynth, audacity,
3403 k3b, openttd og libreoffice.
3404
3405 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
3406 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
3407
3408 Jeg tror det må bevisstgjøring av Skolene til, dvs. reklamere høylytt
3409 og fortelle og vise de andre skolene at frie programvarer faktisk
3410 fungere.  Jeg trur faktisk mange ikke vet at det finnes frie
3411 alternativer.
3412
3413       </div>
3414       <div class="tags">
3415
3416
3417         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
3418
3419
3420       </div>
3421     </div>
3422     <div class="padding"></div>
3423
3424     <div class="entry">
3425       <div class="title">
3426         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__J_rgen_Leibner.html">Debian Edu interview: Jürgen Leibner</a>
3427       </div>
3428       <div class="date">
3429         13th May 2012
3430       </div>
3431       <div class="body">
3432         <p>It has been a few busy weeks for me, but I am finally back to
3433 publish another interview with the people behind
3434 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>.
3435 This time it is one of our German developers, who have helped out over the
3436 years to make sure both a lot of major but also a lot of the minor
3437 details get right before release.
3438
3439 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
3440
3441 <p>My name is Jürgen Leibner, I'm 49 years old and living in
3442 Bielefeld, a town in northern Germany.  I worked nearly 20 years as
3443 certified engineer in the department for plant design and layout of an
3444 international company for machinery and equipment.  Since 2011 I'm a
3445 certified technical writer (tekom e.V.) and doing technical
3446 documentations for a steam turbine manufacturer.  From April this year
3447 I will manage the department of technical documentation at a
3448 manufacturer of automation and assembly line engineering.</p>
3449
3450 <p>My first contact with linux was around 1993. Since that time I used
3451 it at work and at home repeatedly but not exclusively as I do now at
3452 home since 2006.</p>
3453
3454 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
3455 project?</strong></p>
3456
3457 <p>Once a day in the early year of 2001 when I wanted to fetch my
3458 daughter from primary school, there was a teacher sitting in the
3459 middle of 20 old computers trying to boot them and he failed. I helped
3460 him to get them booting. That was seen by the school director and she
3461 asked me if I would like to manage that the school gets all that old
3462 computers in use. I answered: "Yes".</p>
3463
3464 <p>Some weeks later every of the 10 classrooms had one computer
3465 running Windows98. I began to collect old computers and equipment as
3466 gifts and installed the first computer room with a peer-to-peer
3467 network. I did my work at school without being payed in my spare time
3468 and with a lot of fun.  About one year later the school was connected
3469 to Internet and a local area network was installed in the school
3470 building.  That was the time to have a server and I knew it must be a
3471 Linux server to be able to fulfil all the wishes of the teachers and
3472 being able to do this in a transparent and economic way, without extra
3473 costs for things like licence and software.  So I searched for a
3474 school server system running under Linux and I found a couple of
3475 people nearby who founded 'skolelinux.de'. It was the Skolelinux
3476 prerelease 32 I first tried out for being used at the school.  I
3477 managed the IT of that school until the municipal authority took over
3478 the IT management and centralised the services for all schools in
3479 Bielefeld in December of 2006.</p>
3480
3481 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3482 Edu?</strong></p>
3483
3484 <p>When I'm looking back to the beginning, there were other advantages
3485 for me as today.</p>
3486
3487 <p>In the past there were advantages like:</p>
3488
3489 <p><ul>
3490
3491 <li>I don't need to buy it so it generates no costs to the school as
3492 they had little money to spent for computers and software.</li>
3493
3494 <li>It has a licence which grands all rights to use it without
3495 cost.</li>
3496
3497 <li>It was more able to fit all requirements of a server system for
3498 schools than a Microsoft server system, even if there are only Windows
3499 clients because of it's preconfigured overall concept of being a
3500 infrastructure solution and community for schools, not only a
3501 server</li>
3502
3503 <li>I was able to configure the server to the needs of the
3504 school.</li>
3505
3506 </ul></p>
3507
3508 <p>Today some of the advantages has been lost, changed or new ones
3509 came up in this way:</p>
3510
3511 <p><ul>
3512
3513 <li>Most schools here do have money to buy hardware and software
3514 now.</li>
3515
3516 <li>They are today mostly managed from central IT departments which
3517 have own concepts which often do not fit to Debian Edu concepts
3518 because they are to close to Microsoft ideology.</li>
3519
3520 <li>With the Squeeze version of Debian Edu which now uses GOsa² for
3521 management I feel more able to manage the daily tasks than with the
3522 interfaces used in the past.</li>
3523
3524 <li>It is more modular than in the past and fits even better to the
3525 different needs.</li>
3526
3527 <li>The documentation is usable and gets better every day.</li>
3528
3529 <li>More people than ever before are using Debian Edu all over the
3530 world and so the community, which is an very important part I think,
3531 is sharing knowledge and minds.</li>
3532
3533 <li>Most, maybe all, of the technical requirements for schools are
3534 solved today by Debian Edu. </li>
3535
3536 </ul></p>
3537
3538 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3539 Edu?</strong></p>
3540
3541 <p><ul>
3542
3543 <li>There are too few IT companies able to integrate Debian Edu into
3544 their product portfolio for serving schools with concepts or even
3545 whole municipality areas.</li>
3546
3547 <li>Debian Edu has beside other free and open software projects not
3548 enough lobbyists which promote free and open software to
3549 politicians.</li>
3550
3551 <li>Technically there are no disadvantages I'm aware of.</li>
3552
3553 </ul></p>
3554
3555 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
3556
3557 <p>I use Debian stable on my home server and on my little desktop
3558 computer. On my laptop I use Debian testing/sid. The applications I
3559 use on my laptop and my desktop are Open/Libre-office, Iceweasel,
3560 KMail, DigiKam, Amarok, Dolphin, okular and all the other programs I
3561 need from the KDE environment.  On console I use newsbeuter, mutt,
3562 screen, irssi and all the other famous and useful tools.</p>
3563
3564 <p>My home server provides mail services with exim, dovecot, roundcube
3565 and mutt over ssh on the console, file services with samba, NFS,
3566 rsync, web services with apache, moinmoin-wiki, multimedia services
3567 with gallery2 and mediatomb and database services with MySQL for me
3568 and the whole family.  I probably forgot something.</p>
3569
3570 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
3571 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
3572
3573 <p>I believe, we should provide concepts for IT companies to integrate
3574 Debian Edu into their product portfolio with use cases for different
3575 countries and areas all over the world.</p>
3576
3577       </div>
3578       <div class="tags">
3579
3580
3581         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
3582
3583
3584       </div>
3585     </div>
3586     <div class="padding"></div>
3587
3588     <div class="entry">
3589       <div class="title">
3590         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Forskning___GPL_gir_lokal_frihet_og_kontroll_gjennom_omfordeling_av_makt_fra_produsent_til_bruker_.html">Forskning: "GPL gir lokal frihet og kontroll gjennom omfordeling av makt fra produsent til bruker"</a>
3591       </div>
3592       <div class="date">
3593         15th April 2012
3594       </div>
3595       <div class="body">
3596         <p>Da jeg googlet etter noe annet kom jeg tilfeldigvis over
3597 <a href="http://www.duo.uio.no/sok/work.html?WORKID=58309">en
3598 hovedfagsoppgave</a> ved Universitetet i Oslo som diskuterer verdien
3599 av GPLs fire friheter for brukerne av IT-systemer.  Jeg ble fascinert
3600 over det som presenteres der.  Her er sammendraget:</p>
3601
3602 <p><blockquote>
3603
3604 <p>Motivasjonen til å skrive denne oppgaven er en personlig undring
3605 over hvorfor det primært, og ofte eksklusivt, fokuseres på det
3606 økonomiske aspektet ved utredninger om fri programvare er et godt valg
3607 for det offentlige. Fri og produsenteid programvare bygger på
3608 fundamentalt forskjellige ideologier som kan ha implikasjoner utover
3609 økonomiske kostnader. Kunnskapskulturen som er med på å definere fri
3610 programvare er basert på åpenhet, og er en verdi i seg selv.</p>
3611
3612 <p>Oppgavens tema er programvarelisensen GPL og frihet. GPL-lisensiert
3613 programvare gir visse friheter i forhold til produsenteid
3614 programvare. Mitt spørsmål er om, og eventuelt i hvilken utstrekning,
3615 disse frihetene blir benyttet av ulike brukere og hvordan de
3616 manifesterer seg for disse brukerne. Sentrale spørsmål i oppgaven
3617 er:</p>
3618
3619 <ul>
3620 <li>Hvordan fordeles handlekraft gjennom lisensieringen av programvaren?</li>
3621 <li>Hvilke konsekvenser har programvarelisensen for de ulike brukere? </li>
3622 </ul>
3623
3624 <p>Fri programvare gir blant annet brukeren mulighet til å studere og
3625 modifisere kildekoden. Denne formen for frihet erverves gjennom
3626 kunnskap og krever at brukeren også er en ekspert. Hva skjer med
3627 frihetene til GPL når sluttbrukeren er en annen? Dette diskuteres i
3628 dialog med informantene.</p>
3629
3630 <p>Jeg har i denne oppgaven samlet inn intervjudata fra IKT-ansvarlige
3631 ved grunnskolene i Nittedal kommune, driftsansvarlig og IKT-veilederen
3632 for skolene i kommunen, samt IKT-koordinator for utdanning i Akershus
3633 fylkeskommune og bokmåloversettere av OpenOffice.org. Den empiriske
3634 delen av oppgaven er delt inn i to seksjoner; den første omhandler
3635 operativsystemet Skolelinux, den andre kontorprogrampakken
3636 OpenOffice.org.</p>
3637
3638 <p>Som vi vil se gir GPL lokal frihet og kontroll gjennom omfordeling
3639 av makt fra produsent til bruker. Brukerens makt analyseres gjennom
3640 begrepene brukermedvirkning og handlingsfrihet. Det blir også lagt
3641 vekt på strukturelle forhold rundt bruken av teknologi, og spesielt de
3642 økonomiske begrepene nettverkseksternaliteter, innlåsing og
3643 stiavhengighet. Dette er begreper av spesiell nytte når objektet som
3644 omsettes eller distribueres er et kommunikasjonsprodukt, fordi verdien
3645 til et slikt gode for en potensiell bruker avhenger av antall
3646 eksisterende brukere av godet. I tilknytning til denne problematikken
3647 inneholder oppgaven også en diskusjon rundt åpne standarder og
3648 formater.</p>
3649
3650 <p>Oppgaven konkluderer med at de «fire frihetene» som GPL-lisensen er
3651 laget for å beskytte er av avgjørende betydning for bruken av
3652 OpenOffice.org og Skolelinux, i Akershus fylkeskommune såvel som i
3653 skolene i Nittedal. Distribusjonen av handlekraft er ikke helt
3654 symmetrisk. Det er først og fremst de profesjonelle utviklerne i
3655 Skolelinux som direkte kan nyttiggjøre seg friheten til å endre kode,
3656 mens en sluttbruker som Nittedal kommune nyttiggjør seg den økonomiske
3657 friheten til å kunne distribuere programmene. Det er imidlertid også
3658 slik at ingen aktør klarer seg uten alle disse «frihetene».</p>
3659 </blockquote></p>
3660
3661 <p>Jeg fant også en masteroppgave fra 2006, men der ligger ikke
3662 komplett oppgave tilgjengelig.  På tide å holde et øye med
3663 <a href="http://www.duo.uio.no/sok/search.html?q=skolelinux">Skolelinux-søket</a>
3664 til DUO...</p>
3665
3666
3667       </div>
3668       <div class="tags">
3669
3670
3671         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
3672
3673
3674       </div>
3675     </div>
3676     <div class="padding"></div>
3677
3678     <div class="entry">
3679       <div class="title">
3680         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Andreas_Mundt.html">Debian Edu interview: Andreas Mundt</a>
3681       </div>
3682       <div class="date">
3683         15th April 2012
3684       </div>
3685       <div class="body">
3686         <p>Behind <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
3687 Skolelinux</a> there are a lot of people doing the hard work of
3688 setting together all the pieces.  This time I present to you Andreas
3689 Mundt, who have been part of the technical development team several
3690 years.  He was also a key contributor in getting GOsa and Kerberos set
3691 up in the recently released
3692 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">Debian
3693 Edu Squeeze</a> version.</p>
3694
3695 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
3696
3697 <p>My name is Andreas Mundt, I grew up in south Germany.  After
3698 studying Physics I spent several years at university doing research in
3699 Quantum Optics.  After that I worked some years in an optics company.
3700 Finally I decided to turn over a new leaf in my life and started
3701 teaching 10 to 19 years old kids at school.  I teach math, physics,
3702 information technology and science/technology.</p>
3703
3704 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
3705 project?</strong></p>
3706
3707 <p>Already before I switched to teaching, I followed the Debian Edu
3708 project because of my interest in education and Debian.  Within the
3709 qualification/training period for the teaching, I started
3710 contributing.</p>
3711
3712 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3713 Edu?</strong></p>
3714
3715 <p>The advantages of Debian Edu are the well known name, the
3716 out-of-the-box philosophy and of course the great free software of the
3717 Debian Project!</p>
3718
3719 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3720 Edu?</strong></p>
3721
3722 <p>As every coin has two sides, the out-of-the-box philosophy has its
3723 downside, too.  In my opinion, it is hard to modify and tweak the
3724 setup, if you need or want that.  Further more, it is not easily
3725 possible to upgrade the system to a new release.  It takes much too
3726 long after a Debian release to prepare the -Edu release, perhaps
3727 because the number of developers working on the core of the code is
3728 rather small and often busy elsewhere.</p>
3729
3730 <p>The <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianLAN">Debian LAN</a>
3731 project might fill the use case of a more flexible system.</p>
3732
3733 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
3734
3735 <p>I am only using non-free software if I am forced to and run Debian
3736 on all my machines.  For documents I prefer LaTeX and PGF/TikZ, then
3737 mutt and iceweasel for email respectively web browsing.  At school I
3738 have Arduino and Fritzing in use for a micro controller project.</p>
3739
3740 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
3741 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
3742
3743 <p>One of the major problems is the vendor lock-in from top to bottom:
3744 Especially in combination with ignorant government employees and
3745 politicians, this works out great for the "market-leader".  The school
3746 administration here in Baden-Wuerttemberg is occupied by that vendor.
3747 Documents have to be prepared in non-free, proprietary formats.  Even
3748 free browsers do not work for the school administration.  Publishers
3749 of school books provide software only for proprietary platforms.</p>
3750
3751 <p>To change this, political work is very important.  Parts of the
3752 political spectrum have become aware of the problem in the last years.
3753 However it takes quite some time and courageous politicians to 'free'
3754 the system.  There is currently some discussion about "Open Data" and
3755 "Free/Open Standards".  I am not sure if all the involved parties have
3756 a clue about the potential of these ideas, and probably only a
3757 fraction takes them seriously.  However it might slowly make free
3758 software and the philosophy behind it more known and popular.</p>
3759
3760       </div>
3761       <div class="tags">
3762
3763
3764         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
3765
3766
3767       </div>
3768     </div>
3769     <div class="padding"></div>
3770
3771     <div class="entry">
3772       <div class="title">
3773         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Justin_B__Rye.html">Debian Edu interview: Justin B. Rye</a>
3774       </div>
3775       <div class="date">
3776          8th April 2012
3777       </div>
3778       <div class="body">
3779         <p>It take all kind of contributions to create a Linux distribution
3780 like <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>,
3781 and this time I lend the ear to Justin B. Rye, who is listed as a big
3782 contributor to the
3783 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">Debian
3784 Edu Squeeze release manual</a>.
3785
3786 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
3787
3788 <p>I'm a 44-year-old linguistics graduate living in Edinburgh who has
3789 occasionally been employed as a sysadmin.</p>
3790
3791 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
3792 project?</strong></p>
3793
3794 <p>I'm neither a developer nor a Skolelinux/Debian Edu user!  The only
3795 reason my name's in the credits for the documentation is that I hang
3796 around on debian-l10n-english waiting for people to mention things
3797 they'd like a native English speaker to proofread...  So I did a sweep
3798 through the wiki for typos and Norglish and inconsistent spellings of
3799 "localisation".</p>
3800
3801 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3802 Edu?</strong></p>
3803
3804 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3805 Edu?</strong></p>
3806
3807 <p>These questions are too hard for me - I don't use it!  In fact I
3808 had hardly any contact with I.T. until long after I'd got out of the
3809 education system.</p>
3810
3811 <p>I can tell you the advantages of Debian for me though: it soaks up
3812 as much of my free time as I want and no more, and lets me do
3813 everything I want a computer for without ever forcing me to spend
3814 money on the latest hardware.</p>
3815
3816 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
3817
3818 <p>I've been using Debian since Rex; popularity-contest says the
3819 software that I use most is xinit, xterm, and xulrunner (in other
3820 words, I use a distinctly retro sort of desktop).</p>
3821
3822 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
3823 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
3824
3825 <p>Well, I don't know.  I suppose I'd be inclined to try reasoning
3826 with the people who make the decisions, but obviously if that worked
3827 you would hardly need a strategy.</p>
3828
3829       </div>
3830       <div class="tags">
3831
3832
3833         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
3834
3835
3836       </div>
3837     </div>
3838     <div class="padding"></div>
3839
3840     <div class="entry">
3841       <div class="title">
3842         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_the_KDE_menu_is_slow_when__usr__is_NFS_mounted___and_a_workaround.html">Why the KDE menu is slow when /usr/ is NFS mounted - and a workaround</a>
3843       </div>
3844       <div class="date">
3845          6th April 2012
3846       </div>
3847       <div class="body">
3848         <p>Recently I have spent time with
3849 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a> on speeding
3850 up a <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
3851 Lenny installation using LTSP diskless workstations, and in the
3852 process I discovered something very surprising.  The reason the KDE
3853 menu was responding slow when using it for the first time, was mostly
3854 due to the way KDE find application icons.  I discovered that showing
3855 the Multimedia menu would cause more than 20 000 IP packages to be
3856 passed between the LTSP client and the NFS server.  Most of these were
3857
3858 NFS LOOKUP calls, resulting in a NFS3ERR_NOENT response.  Because the
3859 ping times between the client and the server were in the range 2-20
3860 ms, the menus would be very slow.  Looking at the strace of kicker in
3861 Lenny (or plasma-desktop i Squeeze - same problem there), I see that
3862 the source of these NFS calls are access(2) system calls for
3863 non-existing files.  KDE can do hundreds of access(2) calls to find
3864 one icon file.  In my example, just finding the mplayer icon required
3865 around 230 access(2) calls.</p>
3866
3867 <p>The KDE code seem to search for icons using a list of icon
3868 directories, and the list of possible directories is large.  In
3869 (almost) each directory, it look for files ending in .png, .svgz, .svg
3870 and .xpm.  The result is a very slow KDE menu when /usr/ is NFS
3871 mounted.  Showing a single sub menu may result in thousands of NFS
3872 requests.  I am not the first one to discover this.  I found a
3873 <a href="https://bugs.kde.org/show_bug.cgi?id=211416">KDE bug report
3874 from 2009</a> about this problem, and it is still unsolved.</p>
3875
3876 <p>My solution to speed up the KDE menu was to create a package
3877 kde-icon-cache that upon installation will look at all .desktop files
3878 used to generate the KDE menu, find their icons, search the icon paths
3879 for the file that KDE will end up finding at run time, and copying the
3880 icon file to /var/lib/kde-icon-cache/.  Finally, I add symlinks to
3881 these icon files in one of the first directories where KDE will look
3882 for them.  This cut down the number of file accesses required to find
3883 one icon from several hundred to less than 5, and make the KDE menu
3884 almost instantaneous.  I'm not quite sure where to make the package
3885 publicly available, so for now it is only available on request.</p>
3886
3887 <p>The bug report mention that this do not only affect the KDE menu
3888 and icon handling, but also the login process.  Not quite sure how to
3889 speed up that part without replacing NFS with for example NBD, and
3890 that is not really an option at the moment.</p>
3891
3892 <p>If you got feedback on this issue, please let us know on debian-edu
3893 (at) lists.debian.org.</p>
3894
3895       </div>
3896       <div class="tags">
3897
3898
3899         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3900
3901
3902       </div>
3903     </div>
3904     <div class="padding"></div>
3905
3906     <div class="entry">
3907       <div class="title">
3908         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_in_the_Linux_Weekly_News.html">Debian Edu in the Linux Weekly News</a>
3909       </div>
3910       <div class="date">
3911          5th April 2012
3912       </div>
3913       <div class="body">
3914         <p>About two weeks ago, I was interviewed via email about
3915 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a> by
3916 Bruce Byfield in Linux Weekly News.  The result was made public for
3917 non-subscribers today.  I am pleased to see liked our Linux solution
3918 for schools.  Check out his article
3919 <a href="https://lwn.net/Articles/488805/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux: A
3920 distribution for education</a> if you want to learn more.</p>
3921
3922       </div>
3923       <div class="tags">
3924
3925
3926         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3927
3928
3929       </div>
3930     </div>
3931     <div class="padding"></div>
3932
3933     <div class="entry">
3934       <div class="title">
3935         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Wolfgang_Schweer.html">Debian Edu interview: Wolfgang Schweer</a>
3936       </div>
3937       <div class="date">
3938          1st April 2012
3939       </div>
3940       <div class="body">
3941         <p>Germany is a core area for the
3942 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
3943 user community, and this time I managed to get hold of Wolfgang
3944 Schweer, a valuable contributor to the project from Germany.
3945
3946 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
3947
3948 <p>I've studied Mathematics at the university 'Ruhr-Universität' in
3949 Bochum, Germany. Since 1981 I'm working as a teacher at the school
3950 "<a href="http://www.westfalenkolleg-dortmund.de/">Westfalen-Kolleg
3951 Dortmund</a>", a second chance school.  Here, young adults is given
3952 the opportunity to get further education in order to do the school
3953 examination 'Abitur', which will allow to study at a university. This
3954 second chance is of value for those who want a better job perspective
3955 or failed to get a higher school examination being teens.</p>
3956
3957 <p>Besides teaching I was involved in developing online courses for a
3958 blended learning project called 'abitur-online.nrw' and in some other
3959 information technology related projects. For about ten years I've been
3960 teacher and coordinator for the 'abitur-online' project at my
3961 school. Being now in my early sixties, I've decided to leave school at
3962 the end of April this year.</p>
3963
3964 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
3965 project?</strong></p>
3966
3967 <p>The first information about Skolelinux must have come to my
3968 attention years ago and somehow related to LTSP (Linux Terminal Server
3969 Project).  At school, we had set up a network at the beginning of 1997
3970 using Suse Linux on the desktop, replacing a Novell network. Since
3971 2002, we used old machines from the city council of Dortmund as thin
3972 clients (LTSP, later Ubuntu/Lessdisks) cause new hardware was out of
3973 reach. At home I'm using Debian since years and - subscribed to the
3974 Debian news letter - heard from time to time about Skolelinux. About
3975 two years ago I proposed to replace the (somehow undocumented and only
3976 known to me) system at school by a well known Debian based system:
3977 Skolelinux.</p>
3978
3979 <p>Students and teachers appreciated the new system because of a
3980 better look and feel and an enhanced access to local media on thin
3981 clients.  The possibility to alter and/or reset passwords using a GUI
3982 was welcomed, too. Being able to do administrative tasks using a GUI
3983 and to easily set up workstations using PXE was of very high value for
3984 the admin teachers.</p>
3985
3986 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3987 Edu?</strong></p>
3988
3989 <p>It's open source, easy to set up, stable and flexible due to it's
3990 Debian base. It integrates LTSP out-of-the-box. And it is documented!
3991 So it was a perfect choice.</p>
3992
3993 <p>Being open source, there are no license problems and so it's
3994 possible to point teachers and students to programs like
3995 OpenOffice.org, ViewYourMind (mind mapping) and The Gimp.  It's of
3996 high value to be able to adapt parts of the system to special needs of
3997 a school and to choose where to get support for this.</p>
3998
3999 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4000 Edu?</strong></p>
4001
4002 <p>Nothing yet.</p>
4003
4004 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4005
4006 <p>At home (Debian Sid with Gnome Desktop): Iceweasel, LibreOffice,
4007 Mutt, Gedit, Document Viewer, Midnight Commander, flpsed (PDF
4008 Annotator).  At school (Skolelinux Lenny): Iceweasel, Gedit,
4009 LibreOffice.</p>
4010
4011 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4012 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4013
4014 <p>Some time ago I thought it was enough to tell people about it. But
4015 that doesn't seem to work quite well. Now I concentrate on those more
4016 interested and hope to get multiplicators that way.</p>
4017
4018       </div>
4019       <div class="tags">
4020
4021
4022         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4023
4024
4025       </div>
4026     </div>
4027     <div class="padding"></div>
4028
4029     <div class="entry">
4030       <div class="title">
4031         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html">Linux-skoler har høyere PC-tetthet enn landsgjennomsnittet - pressemelding fra FRiSK</a>
4032       </div>
4033       <div class="date">
4034         30th March 2012
4035       </div>
4036       <div class="body">
4037         <p>I dag har <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no">FRiSK</a>
4038 sendt ut følgende pressemelding basert på mine beregninger av
4039 PC-tetthet på Linux-skoler:</p>
4040
4041 <p><strong>Linux-skoler har høyere PC-tetthet enn
4042 landsgjennomsnittet</strong></p>
4043
4044 <p>Oslo, 30 Mars 2012</p>
4045
4046 <p>Det er store forskjeller på skolenes digitale tilstand, viser
4047 undersøkelsen Monitor 2011 som er laget på oppdrag fra
4048 Kunnskapsdepartementet. Dette har ført til debatt om PC-tilgangen i
4049 skolen, og om de med Linux i skolen gjør det bedre bedre eller
4050 dårligere enn snittet i landet.</p>
4051
4052 <p>Nå har vi tallene. Skoler med Linux har 36% større PC-tetthet en
4053 landsgjennomsnittet. På spørsmål hvorfor skoler med Linux har større
4054 PC-tetthet, observerer Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken som er IKT-konsulent i
4055 Nord-Odal:</p>
4056
4057 <p><blockquote>"Vi erfarer at klienter med Skolelinux har god funksjon
4058 til de er 8 til 10 år gamle. Dette er omtrent dobbelt så lenge som
4059 andre løsninger, og skolene får mer datautstyr for
4060 pengene."</blockquote></p>
4061
4062 <p>Undersøkelsen baserer seg på 56 skoler som har gjort det offentlig
4063 at de kjører Skolelinux eller annen Linux-utgave. De kan også ha PC-er
4064 med Windows i skolenettet. Når en sammenligner PC-tetthetene på
4065 skolene i kommunene Flora, Harstad, Kongsvinger, Narvik, Nittedal,
4066 Nord-Odal og Randaberg, er det i snitt 2,28 elev pr. PC på skolene med
4067 Linux. På landsbasis er det 3.11 elev per PC i grunnskolen, i følge
4068 side 95 i Monitor-rapporten for 2011. Målingen viser dermed 36% større
4069 PC-tetthet i skoler med Linux.</p>
4070
4071 <p><strong>Om Skolelinux/Debian Edu</strong></p>
4072
4073 <p>Skolelinux har til hensikt å gi alle barn full tilgang til
4074 skoleaktuelle dataprogram på sitt eget morsmål. Derfor følger det med
4075 godt over 100 skoleaktuelle programmene laget for læring. De fleste
4076 programmene er oversatt til over 50 språk. Elevene skal også kunne
4077 studere alle sider av dataprogrammene. Derfor følger også kildekode
4078 med. Elever med interesse kan lære av eksperter som har laget
4079 systemet. Dette med enkelt programmering i læreprogram som KTurtle,
4080 til profesjonelle verktøy som Qt Creator eller Java.</p>
4081
4082 <p>Skolelinux er laget for sentralisert drift, der alt teknisk
4083 administrasjon av alle skolene kan gjøres sentralt fra kommunehuset
4084 eller sentralt i en region.  F.eks. drifter to-tre personer 70.000
4085 skoledatamaskiner på 200 skoler i delstaten Extremadura i
4086 Spania. Etter velykket bruk av Debian Edu i skolen, legger delstaten
4087 over til Debian på 40.000 datamaskiner i administrasjonen. Det er idag
4088 mange selskap som tilbyr profesjonell støtte til innføring og drift i
4089 Norge og verden.</p>
4090
4091 <p><strong>Om FRiSK</strong></p>
4092
4093 <p>Medlemsforeningen Fri Programvare i Skolen organiserer
4094 dugnadsprosjektet som står bak Skolelinux.</p>
4095
4096 <p><strong>Kontaktperson</strong></p>
4097
4098 <p>Knut Yrvin</p>
4099
4100 <p>Leder av Fri Programvare i Skolen (FRISK)</p>
4101
4102 <p>Epost: knuty at skolelinux.no
4103 <br>Mobil: +47 93 479 561</p>
4104
4105 <p><strong>Referanser</strong></p>
4106
4107 <p><ul>
4108
4109  <li><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">http://www.skolelinux.org/</a></li>
4110  <li><a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/</a></li>
4111  <li><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Download">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Download</a></li>
4112  <li><a href="https://www.wis.no/gsi">https://www.wis.no/gsi</a></li>
4113  <li><a href="http://iktsenteret.no/sites/iktsenteret.no/files/attachments/monitor2011.pdf">http://iktsenteret.no/sites/iktsenteret.no/files/attachments/monitor2011.pdf</a></li>
4114  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html</a></li>
4115  <li><a href="https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/linuxiskolen/2012-March/018500.html">https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/linuxiskolen/2012-March/018500.html</a></li>
4116
4117 </ul></p>
4118
4119       </div>
4120       <div class="tags">
4121
4122
4123         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4124
4125
4126       </div>
4127     </div>
4128     <div class="padding"></div>
4129
4130     <div class="entry">
4131       <div class="title">
4132         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Roy_Arne_Myhre.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Roy-Arne Myhre</a>
4133       </div>
4134       <div class="date">
4135         28th March 2012
4136       </div>
4137       <div class="body">
4138         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
4139 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi
4140 denne gangen høre fra en IKT-ansvarlig som har brukt Skolelinux i
4141 mange år, og vært storfornøyd med erfaringene så langt.</p>
4142
4143 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
4144
4145 <p>Mitt navn er Roy-Arne Myhre og jeg er 42 år.  Jeg er ansatt hos
4146 <a href="http://www.sandskole.no/">Sand skole</a> (Balsfjord kommune)
4147 og har stort sett vært det siden 1990.  Jeg er IKT ansvarlig ved
4148 skolen i 40% stilling – 10% undervisning – musikk.</p>
4149
4150 <p>Ved skolen er det ca 100 elever og ca 18 lærere + 4 assistenter i
4151 hele og delte stillinger. Alle lærerne har bærbar PC (dessverre med
4152 Win Vista) – assistenter har tilgang til egne. Vi benytter Fronter i
4153 det daglige arbeidet.  Vi har ca 90 elevmaskiner som fungerer til
4154 daglig opp mot Linux server (XFCE) som driftes av
4155 <a href="http://www.bzz.no/">BzzWare AS</a> via nett. Maskinparken
4156 består kun av brukt utstyr for elevene – og noe av dette begynner å
4157 bli vel gammelt selv som halvtykke klienter.</p>
4158
4159 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med
4160 Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
4161
4162 <p>Vi kom første gang i kontakt med Skolelinux rundt 1997. Den gang
4163 var det oppstart-disketter i hver maskin, ikke mulighet for lyd og
4164 video, gamle nettverkskort og mye plundring.  Vi hadde en ihuga
4165 forelder med som pådriver, forsker og inspirator for hele opplegget.
4166 Selv ante jeg knapt at Skolelinux fantes, men han var av den
4167 utforskende typen, og fikk både meg og skolelederen i trua på at dette
4168 var ting som kunne fungere.  Etter dette har det gått gradvis
4169 framover; flere maskiner er hentet inn gjennom bl.a
4170 <a href="http://www.greentech.no/">Greentech</a> og utrangert utstyr
4171 fra høgskole / Avinor og private givere. Når maskinene ble for trege
4172 for nye Windows-versjoner, sto vi klare til å putte dem i nettverket
4173 vårt.  Dette betyr at vi i dag har 1:1 dekning av maskiner på
4174 ungdomstrinnet og bedre enn 1:2 på barnetrinnet. Dette er vi veldig
4175 fornøyd med, og vi kan ikke se for oss hverdagen som ville vært
4176 alternativet ved bruk av Windows med sine lisenser pr. Bruker/maskin.
4177 Da ville vi nok vært tilbake til 1-2 maskiner pr klasserom med de
4178 negative konsekvenser det ville hatt for undervisningsformene våre. Vi
4179 kan ha en hel klasse i prosjektjobbing eller individuell jobbing
4180 samtidig – vi kan avholde tentamen og eksamen uten
4181 logistikkproblemer.</p>
4182
4183 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
4184
4185 Hvor skal jeg begynne... Stabiliteten er et nøkkelord - det bare
4186 virker.  Har du først fått en server med Skolelinux opp og gå, så må
4187 det en maskinarefeil eller sabotasje til for å stoppe den.  Det at man
4188 kan bruke eldre maskiner som normalt sett ville gått på dynga, er også
4189 glimrende - billig for skoler med dårlig økonomi og bra for miljøet
4190 siden vi gjenbruker utstyr i stedet for å skaffe nytt. Vi ville aldri
4191 hatt mulighet til å operere med det maskinantallet vi har pr i dag
4192 hvis det ikke var for Skolelinux - så tilgjengelighet er et annet
4193 nøkkelord. Et tredje moment er sikkerhet og brukertilgang. Alle
4194 brukerer opererer med egne brukernavn og passord, samt egne
4195 brukerområder som kan tilpasses for både enbrukertilgang og for
4196 samarbeid med andre.
4197
4198 Elever har godt av å se at det finnes andre alternativer enn de som
4199 storindustrien selger på lisensbasis - på den måten trenes de opp til
4200 å se flere muligheter og å foreta valg ut fra flere opsjoner.
4201
4202 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
4203
4204 <p>Ulempene med Skolelinux er nok utbredelsen og mangelen på kjennskap
4205 til dette i skolenorge.  De som skal ta økonomiske avgjørelser rynker
4206 på nesen og vil gå for det kjente og «sikre» selv om det koster mye
4207 mer. Man får rett og slett litt hetta av å ikke kunne noe – og unngår
4208 dette for enhver pris.</p>
4209
4210 <p>I tillegg er mye av linux-systemet administrert av tekstkommandoer
4211 og er lite intuitiv/visuell for oss som ikke er «inne i»
4212 kildekodene». Så problemet er nok mye godt at de som
4213 utarbeider/drifter Skolelinux ikke helt klarer å sette seg ned på
4214 skoleadministratorens nivå når det gjelder problemer og
4215 utfordringer. Men dette er nok en utfordring alle administratorer
4216 sliter med uansett OS.</p>
4217
4218 <p>Derfor har vi valgt å støtte oss til BzzWare AS for assistanse i
4219 drifta slik at jeg har kunnet konsentrere meg mer om kabling, skifting
4220 av komponenter, veiledning av lærere og elever, vedlikehold av
4221 skrivere og annen daglig drift.</p>
4222
4223 <p>Elevene mestrer Skolelinux helt fint.  Så lenge Internett
4224 (Iceweasel) og Libreoffice (Openoffice) fungerer er 90% av
4225 skolehverdagen velfungerende. I tillegg brukes jo en del av den
4226 pedagogiske programpakken bla. i forhold til matematikk og geografi,
4227 men det er såpass mye bra på nett om dagen, så disse programmene er
4228 mer som krydder å regne.</p>
4229
4230 <p>Jeg skulle ønske neste versjon av Skolelinux kunne komme litt
4231 mindre stappet med programmer, for halvparten blir aldri brukt, eller
4232 fungerer ikke uansett.  Hva med et pedagogisk panel av lærere/IKT
4233 ansvarlige som kunne sagt: disse programmene skal være standard, så
4234 får resten være slike man kan legge til ved behov – det kan lett bli
4235 en jungel å bevege seg i.</p>
4236
4237 <p>Jeg ønsker meg også en mer grafisk versjon av
4238 <a href="http://bzz.no/lwat/trac/trac.cgi">Lwat</a> hvor man kan krysse
4239 ut de som f.eks ikke skal ha internett-tilgang en dag pga
4240 eksamen/tentamen, samt en noe enklere brannmurløsning hvor man kan
4241 stenge for en del (få) sider på en enkel måte.  Jeg liker godt
4242 Skolelinux sin ideologi om at filteret skal trenes i hodet på eleven –
4243 men av og til skulle jeg ønske at f.eks Facebook og Youtube kunne vært
4244 koblet vekk en periode for å få bedre utnyttelse av tid og
4245 ressurser. Disse to nettstedene er nok mye av årsaken til at mange
4246 lærere holder igjen databruken noe mer enn man kunne ønske.</p>
4247
4248 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
4249
4250 Jeg benytter nesten bare fri programvare til daglig. LibreOffice,
4251 Iceweasel (Firefox), Thunderbird til e-post og Gimp til
4252 bildebehandling.  Vi har PHP-Nuke-oppsatt hjemmeside. Det eneste som
4253 jeg ikke har fått helt til enda er videoredigering - her må man vel
4254 innrømme at Mac er hakket over, men da er vi igjen over på å se hva
4255 som egner seg best, og ta valg ut fra det. Folk flest lever i
4256 villfarelsen om at regneark HETER Excel og tekstbehandling HETER
4257 Word. Dette er en misforståelse som jeg bruker mye energi på å
4258 diskutere og "åpne sinn" på Microsoft-slaver.  Dessverre er det mange
4259 IKT-ansvarlige som også har låst seg på at det eneste saliggjørende er
4260 Bill G sine produkter.
4261
4262 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
4263 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
4264
4265 <p>For å komme lenger i utbredelsen av Skolelinux tror jeg det må mer
4266 fram i nasjonale medier, samt komme bedre fram hva økonomien i dette
4267 valget vil være – samt mulighetene. Fri programvare er en berikelse og
4268 gjør oss i stand til å utføre arbeidet i skolen uten å måtte legge
4269 igjen tusener på tusener i Bill Gates lomme.. Få ETT nettsted med
4270 forståelig veiledning av installasjon/oppgradering og ETT forum med
4271 konkrete feilrettinger og problemer, så tror jeg vi kunne kommet et
4272 par skritt framover. Ellers tror jeg bare at ildsjelene må fortsette å
4273 skinne – kanskje flere enn oss følger etter på veien.</p>
4274
4275       </div>
4276       <div class="tags">
4277
4278
4279         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4280
4281
4282       </div>
4283     </div>
4284     <div class="padding"></div>
4285
4286     <div class="entry">
4287       <div class="title">
4288         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_screencast__Checking_email_with_kmail_using_Kerberos_authentication.html">Debian Edu screencast: Checking email with kmail using Kerberos authentication</a>
4289       </div>
4290       <div class="date">
4291         25th March 2012
4292       </div>
4293       <div class="body">
4294         <!-- Video HTML based on http://www.diveintohtml5.net/video.html -->
4295
4296 <p>The same Debian Edu developer that did the last screen cast I
4297 published, Wolfgang Schweer, has created a new screen cast showing how
4298 to set up Kmail in Debian Edu Squeze to authenticate using Kerberos,
4299 allowing users to check their local email account without providing
4300 any password. The video is embedded here in quarter size,
4301 and also available from <a href="https://vimeo.com/38601767">vimeo</a>
4302 and download as a
4303 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv">Ogg
4304 Theora</a> file.  Check it out below.</p>
4305
4306 <p><video id="kmail-kerberos-movie" width="256" height="184" preload controls>
4307   <source src="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv" type='video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"' />
4308     <p>Download video as
4309       <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv">Ogg</a>.</p>
4310 </video></p>
4311
4312       </div>
4313       <div class="tags">
4314
4315
4316         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4317
4318
4319       </div>
4320     </div>
4321     <div class="padding"></div>
4322
4323     <div class="entry">
4324       <div class="title">
4325         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html">Større PC-tetthet i skolen med Skolelinux?</a>
4326       </div>
4327       <div class="date">
4328         19th March 2012
4329       </div>
4330       <div class="body">
4331         <p>Den siste uka har det vært en del skriverier om hvor store
4332 forskjeller det er mellom skolene når det gjelder digital kompetanse.
4333 Et eksempel er
4334 <a href="http://www.digi.no/891660/bekymret-for-it-i-skolen">oppslaget
4335 i Digi</a>.  Diskusjonen fikk meg til å bli litt nysgjerrig på om
4336 Linux-skoler har større PC-tettet enn snittet i landet.  Grunnlaget
4337 for diskusjonen har vært undersøkelsen
4338 <a href="https://iktsenteret.no/ressurser/monitor-2011-skolens-digitale-tilstand">Monitor
4339 2011</a>, som bruker informasjon fra
4340 <a href="https://www.wis.no/gsi">Grunnskolens Informasjonssystem</a>
4341 (GSI).  GSI-data kan lastes ned fra web og jeg lastet ned en Excel-fil
4342 (intet åpen standard-valg tilgjengelig) med navn på alle skoler,
4343 hvilke kommune de befinner seg i og hvor mange elever pr. elev-PC de
4344 har rapportert inn.  For å få en ide om svaret trenger jeg deretter å
4345 vite hvilke skoler i landet som bruker Linux, slik at jeg kan slå dem
4346 opp i GSI og finne ut hvor stor PC-tetthet de har.</p>
4347
4348 <p>Jeg vet om skoler i Balsfjord, Flora, Harstad, Kongsvinger, Narvik,
4349 Nittedal, Nord-Odal, Randaberg og Sunndal som bruker Skolelinux eller
4350 andre Linux-varianter.  Jeg tror det er flere enn de 56 skolene jeg
4351 har klart å identifisere de siste dagene, men har ikke klart å få det
4352 bekreftet med offentlige kilder.</p>
4353
4354 <p>Monitor 2011-rapporteres side 95 forteller at det "ifølge GSI
4355 (20120-2011) er det 3,11 elever per datamaskin når vi tar med alle
4356 grunnskoler (1.-10.trinn)".  For de 56 Linux-skolene jeg har klart å
4357 koble mot informasjon i GSI er det 2,28 elever per elevdatamaskin,
4358 hvilket betyr at det er 36% høyere PC-tetthet på Linux-skoler enn
4359 landsgjennomsnittet.  Linux-skolen med høyest tettet blant de jeg har
4360 notert -skole er Flora ungdomsskule i Flora kommune med 0.82 elev
4361 pr. PC (482 elever, 588 elevdatamaskiner).</p>
4362
4363 <p>Skolelinux gir datamaskiner lengre levetid, og en kan dermed få
4364 flere operative datamaskiner for samme budsjett, i tillegg til en
4365 rekke andre fordeler.  Kan det være forklaringen på forskjellen?</p>
4366
4367 <p>Tallene må tas med en liten klype, da GSI ser ut til å ha endel
4368 feilføringer.  Jeg synes i hvert fall en skole med 423 elever og 9
4369 elevmaskiner ser mistenkelig ut.  Eller en skole med 346 elever, 0
4370 elevmaskiner, som er et annet ekstremt eksempel jeg fant.</p>
4371
4372 <p>Takk til Sturle Sunde, Klaus Ade Johnstad, Ole-Anders Andreassen og
4373 Trond Mæhlum for innspill om skoler med Linux.</p>
4374
4375       </div>
4376       <div class="tags">
4377
4378
4379         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4380
4381
4382       </div>
4383     </div>
4384     <div class="padding"></div>
4385
4386     <div class="entry">
4387       <div class="title">
4388         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__John_Ingleby.html">Debian Edu interview: John Ingleby</a>
4389       </div>
4390       <div class="date">
4391         19th March 2012
4392       </div>
4393       <div class="body">
4394         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
4395 users are spread all across the globe.  The second inteview after
4396 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">the
4397 Squeeze release</a> was publised is with John Ingleby, a teacher and
4398 long time Linux user in United Kingdom.</p>
4399
4400 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4401
4402 <p>I teach ICT part time at the Rudolf Steiner School in Kings
4403 Langley, near London, UK. Previously I worked as a technical
4404 author/trainer while my children attended the school, and I also
4405 contributed to the Schoolforge UK community with the aim of
4406 encouraging UK schools to adopt free/open source software. Five or six
4407 years ago we had about 50 schools interested in some way, but we
4408 weren't able to convert many of them into sustainable
4409 installations.</p>
4410
4411 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
4412 project?</strong></p>
4413
4414 <p>Skolelinux had two representatives at an early Edubuntu meeting in
4415 London which I attended. However at that time our school network had
4416 just been installed using CentOS, LTSP 4 and GNOME. When LTSP 5 came
4417 along we switched to Edubuntu thin client servers so now we have a
4418 mixed environment which includes Windows PCs and student laptops, as
4419 well as their MacBooks and iPads. However, the proprietary systems
4420 have always been rather problematic, and we never built a GUI for the
4421 LDAP server, so when I discovered Skolelinux is configured for all
4422 these things we decided to try it.</p>
4423
4424 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4425 Edu?</strong></p>
4426
4427 <p>By far the biggest advantage is the Debian Edu community. Apart
4428 from that I have always believed in the same "sustainable computing"
4429 goals that Skolelinux is built on: installing Linux on computers which
4430 would otherwise be thrown away, to provide a reliable, secure and
4431 low-cost IT environment for schools. From my own experience I know
4432 that a part-time person can teach and manage a network of about 25
4433 Linux computers, but it would take much more of my time if we had
4434 proprietary software everywhere.</p>
4435
4436 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4437 Edu?</strong></p>
4438
4439 <p>As a newcomer I'm just finding out who's who in the community and
4440 how you're organised, and what your procedures are for dealing with
4441 various things such as editing manual pages and so-on. The only
4442 English language mailing list seems to be for developers as well as
4443 users, so my inbox needs heavy pruning each day!</p>
4444
4445 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4446
4447 <p>Besides the software already mentioned at school we use Samba,
4448 OpenLDAP, CUPS, Nagios and Dansguardian for the network, and on the
4449 desktops we have LibreOffice, Firefox, GIMP and Inkscape. At home I
4450 use Ubuntu and an Android 4 eePad Transformer (but I'm not sure if
4451 that counts...)</p>
4452
4453 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4454 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4455
4456 <p>That's a tough question! For very many years UK schools installed
4457 and taught only proprietary software, so that at the highest levels
4458 the notion of "computer" means simply "proprietary office
4459 applications".  However, schools today are experiencing budget
4460 constraints, and many are having to think hard about upgrading Windows
4461 XP.  At the same time, we have students showing teachers how to use
4462 iPads, MacBooks and Android, so the choice of operating system is no
4463 longer quite so automatic. What is more, our government at last
4464 realised that we need people with programming skills, so they're
4465 putting coding back in the curriculum! And it's encouraging that the
4466 first 10,000 Raspberry Pi units sold out in 2 hours.</p>
4467
4468 <p>I don't really know what strategy is going to get UK schools to use
4469 free software, but building an active community of Skolelinux/Debian
4470 Edu users in this country has to be part of it.</p>
4471
4472       </div>
4473       <div class="tags">
4474
4475
4476         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4477
4478
4479       </div>
4480     </div>
4481     <div class="padding"></div>
4482
4483     <div class="entry">
4484       <div class="title">
4485         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Writing_and_translating_documentation_in_Debian_Edu.html">Writing and translating documentation in Debian Edu</a>
4486       </div>
4487       <div class="date">
4488         16th March 2012
4489       </div>
4490       <div class="body">
4491         <p>Documentation in Debian Edu is provided in several languages, and
4492 it is important to make it both easy to contribute and to keep the
4493 translated versions in sync.  To do this we have come up with what we
4494 believe is a very efficient work flow.</p>
4495
4496 <ol>
4497
4498 <li>The documentation is written in a
4499 <a href="http://moinmo.in">moinmoin wiki</a> (see for example
4500 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">the
4501 Squeeze release manual</a>) with support for exporting the content as
4502 docbook XML.</li>
4503
4504 <li>This docbook document is given to po4a to extract a gettext style
4505 .pot file with the content, which in turn is used to create .po files
4506 with the translated text.</li>
4507
4508 <li>The .po files are given to translators, and they can always tell
4509 which part of the original wiki document is new or changed.  They can
4510 use their normal translation tools like lokalize or poedit to write
4511 the translation.  There is even a system in place to handle translated
4512 images.</li>
4513
4514 <li>The translated .po files are combined with the original docbook
4515 XML document using po4a to create a translated docbook document.</li>
4516
4517 <li>The final step is to use all the generated docbook files and
4518 create PDF and HTML version of the original and translated documents.</li>
4519
4520 </ol>
4521
4522 <p>This setup work very well, but have a few issues.  The biggest
4523 issue is that <a href="http://moinmo.in/DocBook">the docbook support
4524 we use in moinmoin</a> is not actively maintained.  The docbook
4525 support is also buggy, and our build system contain workarounds to
4526 make sure the generated docbook is usable despite these bugs.</p>
4527
4528 <p>If you want to have a look at our setup, it is all there in the
4529 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/debian-edu-doc">debian-edu-doc
4530 package</a>.</p>
4531
4532       </div>
4533       <div class="tags">
4534
4535
4536         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4537
4538
4539       </div>
4540     </div>
4541     <div class="padding"></div>
4542
4543     <div class="entry">
4544       <div class="title">
4545         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/NUUG_presentasjon__Skolelinux___ferdig_oppsatt_skolenettl_sning.html">NUUG-presentasjon: Skolelinux - ferdig oppsatt skolenettløsning</a>
4546       </div>
4547       <div class="date">
4548         13th March 2012
4549       </div>
4550       <div class="body">
4551         <p>I dag presenterte jeg ny versjon av Skolelinux for NUUGs medlemmer.
4552 <a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/mypapers/20120313-skolelinux-squeeze.html">Lysark</a>
4553 er tilgjengelige allerede og
4554 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20120313-skolelinux/">video-opptak</a>
4555 kommer så snart videogruppa til NUUG får publisert den.  Jeg kom på
4556 endel punkter om nye ting i Squeeze-utgaven under veis som jeg burde
4557 hatt med, og har sikkert skrevet noe tull på lysarkene som jeg ennå
4558 ikke har oppdaget.  Denne presentasjonen ble smurt ihop på veldig kort
4559 tid, og jeg rakk ikke finpusse den.  Håper den kan være lærerik
4560 likevel.</p>
4561
4562       </div>
4563       <div class="tags">
4564
4565
4566         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
4567
4568
4569       </div>
4570     </div>
4571     <div class="padding"></div>
4572
4573     <div class="entry">
4574       <div class="title">
4575         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__K_re_Nordby.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Kåre Nordby</a>
4576       </div>
4577       <div class="date">
4578         12th March 2012
4579       </div>
4580       <div class="body">
4581         <p>Første ut i serien med intervjuer av folk i
4582 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet etter at
4583 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">ny
4584 versjon av Skolelinux</a> ble lansert i helga, er nylig valgte
4585 styremedlem i foreningen
4586 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
4587 Skolen</a> (FRiSK) som organiserer
4588 Skolelinux-utviklingen og daglig leder i
4589 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a>, selskapet
4590 prosjektet opprettet som et tilbud til skoler som ønsket en
4591 kommersiell samarbeidsparter.  Det bør nevnes at jeg er styremedlem i
4592 Skolelinux Drift AS og styreleder i selskapets hovedeier stiftelsen
4593 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/">SLX Debian Labs</a>
4594 som beskytter verdiene til Skolelinux-prosjektet, og kjenner Kåre den
4595 veien.</p>
4596
4597 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
4598
4599 <p>Jeg har siden januar 2010 vært daglig leder i Skolelinux Drift AS,
4600 som leverer support, installasjon, tilpasning, drift, og opplæring på
4601 Debian Edu / Skolelinux. Fra 2012 er jeg valgt inn som styremedlem i
4602 FRiSK.  Min forrige jobb var som KAM i Redpill Linpro (som er en av
4603 eierne i Skolelinux Drift).  Før det var jeg daglig leder i et eget 7
4604 manns konsulent selskap som også startet med fri programvare mot
4605 slutten.</p>
4606
4607 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
4608
4609 <p>Jeg hørte om det først når jeg jobbet i Redpill Linpro.  Men jeg
4610 har også en datter som går på en friskole, som også bruker Skolelinux.
4611 Som kjent har ikke friskoler de samme økonomiske rammebetingelsene som
4612 offentlige skoler, så for dem var det det absolutt beste alternativet.
4613 De anser også Skolelinux som et stabilt system, som bare går og går (i
4614 motsetning til det lille Windows-baserte nettverket de har på
4615 admin-siden).</p>
4616
4617 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
4618
4619 <p>Sentralisert drift av tynne og diskløse arbeidsstasjoner. Således
4620 lydløse og raskere arbeidsstasjoner som er bedre i klasserommet.
4621 Lengre levetid på PC'er.  Store besparelser på maskinvare og drift. Og
4622 så klart fjerning av alle lisenskostnader. Personlig synes jeg også at
4623 mange av programmene er bedre enn alternativene. Men dette er ofte en
4624 smakssak og avhengig om man må ha det man er vant til fra før.</p>
4625
4626 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
4627
4628 <p>For lite kjentskap til løsningen.  Noen ganger for dårlig
4629 kompatibilitet med arbeidsstasjoners/bærbare maskiner sine
4630 nettverksdrivere eller skjermkort. Men dette løser vi i skolene ved
4631 standardisering. Ellers er det få, om nesten ingen, av de kjente
4632 maskinvare / infrastruktur leverandørene til fylkes- / kommuner som
4633 tilbyr denne plattformen.  Skal dette endre seg så må kommunene selv
4634 sette slike krav til leverandørene.</p>
4635
4636 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
4637
4638 <p>Har brukt OpenOffice.org siden starten (2001 ?), Kun Linux på
4639 desktop siden 2005. Bruker i dag Kubuntu, Libreoffice og ymse annet
4640 programvare til ulik kontorbruk som er lett å installere / teste via
4641 alle programarkivene som finnes.</p>
4642
4643 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
4644 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
4645
4646 <p>Fortsette å presentere flere av de gode eksemplene hvor Debian Edu
4647 / Skolelinux brukes i kommuner og enkeltskoler.  Vi må få bedre frem
4648 at det er mulig tilknytte både Windows og Mac klienter på denne
4649 plattformen (selv om det vil øke driftskostnadene).  Dette gjøres
4650 mange steder.  Spesielt er det mange lærere som ønsker å bruke
4651 Windows/Mac-bærbare, gjerne som sin private PC også. Det er også mulig
4652 for kommunen å integrere med Active Directory i stedet for OpenLDAP
4653 som kommer med ut av boksen (selv om også dette øker kostnadene).
4654 Dette vil muligens bidra til å fjerne noe motstand hos noen
4655 potensielle brukere / driftpersonell for å ta i bruk noe
4656 nytt. Fremveksten av mobile brukere og nettbrett går i vår favør.
4657 Brukerne blir kjent og vant til flere nye operativsystemer /
4658 brukergrensesnitt. Så utviklerfellesskapet bør jobbe videre med å
4659 integrere flere nye klienttyper, som ultra lav-kostklienter og
4660 nettbrett (blant annet fri programvare-alternativet
4661 <a href="http://makeplaylive.com/">Spark</a> med
4662 <a href="http://www.merproject.org/">Mer OS</a> og
4663 <a href="http://plasma-active.org/">KDE Active Plasma</a>).</p>
4664
4665       </div>
4666       <div class="tags">
4667
4668
4669         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4670
4671
4672       </div>
4673     </div>
4674     <div class="padding"></div>
4675
4676     <div class="entry">
4677       <div class="title">
4678         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_Squeeze_is_out_.html">Skolelinux / Debian Edu Squeeze is out!</a>
4679       </div>
4680       <div class="date">
4681         11th March 2012
4682       </div>
4683       <div class="body">
4684         <p>This weekend we finally published the first stable release of
4685 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a> based
4686 on Debian/Squeeze.  The full announcement is
4687 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">available</a>
4688 from the project announcement list.  Now is a good time to test if it
4689 you have not done so already.</p>
4690
4691 <p>I plan to present the new version at
4692 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20120313-skolelinux/">a NUUG
4693 meeting</a> on tuesday.  I look forward to seeing you there if you are
4694 in Oslo, Norway.</p>
4695
4696       </div>
4697       <div class="tags">
4698
4699
4700         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4701
4702
4703       </div>
4704     </div>
4705     <div class="padding"></div>
4706
4707     <div class="entry">
4708       <div class="title">
4709         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Nigel_Barker.html">Debian Edu interview: Nigel Barker</a>
4710       </div>
4711       <div class="date">
4712          9th March 2012
4713       </div>
4714       <div class="body">
4715         <p>Inspired by <a href="http://raphaelhertzog.com/tag/interview/">the
4716 interview series</a> conducted by Raphael, I started a Norwegian
4717 interview series with people involved in the Debian Edu / Skolelinux
4718 community.  This was so popular that I believe it is time to move to a
4719 more international audience.</p>
4720
4721 <p>While <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
4722 Skolelinux</a> originated in France and Norway, and have most users in
4723 Europe, there are users all around the globe.  One of those far away
4724 from me is Nigel Barker, a long time Debian Edu system administrator
4725 and contributor.  It is thanks to him that Debian Edu is adjusted to
4726 work out of the box in Japan.  I got him to answer a few questions,
4727 and am happy to share the response with you. :)
4728
4729
4730 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4731
4732 <p>My name is Nigel Barker, and I am British. I am married to Yumiko,
4733 and we have three lovely children, aged 15, 14 and 4(!) I am the IT
4734 Coordinator at Hiroshima International School, Japan. I am also a
4735 teacher, and in fact I spend most of my day teaching Mathematics,
4736 Science, IT, and Chemistry. I was originally a Chemistry teacher, but
4737 I have always had an interest in computers. Another teacher teaches
4738 primary school IT, but apart from that I am the only computer person,
4739 so that means I am the network manager, technician and webmaster,
4740 also, and I help people with their computer problems. I teach python
4741 to beginners in an after-school club. I am way too busy, so I really
4742 appreciate the simplicity of Skolelinux.</p>
4743
4744 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
4745 project?</strong></p>
4746
4747 <p>In around 2004 or 5 I discovered the ltsp project, and set up a
4748 server in the IT lab. I wanted some way to connect it to our central
4749 samba server, which I was also quite poor at configuring. I discovered
4750 Edubuntu when it came out, but it didn't really improve my setup. I
4751 did various desperate searches for things like "school Linux server"
4752 and ended up in a document called "Drift" something or other. Reading
4753 there it became clear that Skolelinux was going to solve all my
4754 problems in one go. I was very excited, but apprehensive, because my
4755 previous attempts to install Debian had ended in failure (I used
4756 Mandrake for everything - ltsp, samba, apache, mail, ns...). I
4757 downloaded a beta version, had some problems, so subscribed to the
4758 Debian Edu list for help. I have remained subscribed ever since, and
4759 my school has run a Skolelinux network since Sarge.</p>
4760
4761 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4762 Edu?</strong></p>
4763
4764 <p>For me the integrated setup. This is not just the server, or the
4765 workstation, or the ltsp. Its all of them, and its all configured
4766 ready to go. I read somewhere in the early documentation that it is
4767 designed to be setup and managed by the Maths or Science teacher, who
4768 doesn't necessarily know much about computers, in a small Norwegian
4769 school. That describes me perfectly if you replace Norway with
4770 Japan.</p>
4771
4772 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4773 Edu?</strong></p>
4774
4775 <p>The desktop is fairly plain. If you compare it with Edubuntu, who
4776 have fun themes for children, or with distributions such as Mint, who
4777 make the desktop beautiful. They create a good impression on people
4778 who don't need to understand how to use any of it, but who might be
4779 important to the school. School administrators or directors, for
4780 instance, or parents. Even kids. Debian itself usually has ugly
4781 default theme settings. It was my dream a few years back that some
4782 kind of integration would allow Edubuntu to do the desktop stuff and
4783 Debian Edu the servers, but now I realise how impossible that is.  A
4784 second disadvantage is that if something goes wrong, or you need to
4785 customise something, then suddenly the level of expertise required
4786 multiplies. For example, backup wasn't working properly in Lenny. It
4787 took me ages to learn how to set up my own server to do rsync backups.
4788 I am afraid of anything to do with ldap, but perhaps Gosa will
4789 help.</p>
4790
4791 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4792
4793 <p>Nowadays I only use Debian on my personal computers. I have one for
4794 studio work (I play guitar and write songs), running AV Linux
4795 (customised Debian) a netbook running Squeeze, and a bigger laptop
4796 still running Skolelinux Lenny workstation. I have a Tjener in my
4797 house, that's very useful for the family photos and music.  At school
4798 the students only use Skolelinux. (Some teachers and the office still
4799 have windows). So that means we only use free software all day every
4800 day. Open office, The GIMP, Firefox/Iceweasel, VLC and Audacity are
4801 installed on every computer in school, irrespective of OS.  We also
4802 have Koha on Debian for the library, and Apache, Moodle, b2evolution
4803 and Etomite on Debian for the www. The firewall is Untangle.</p>
4804
4805 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4806 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4807
4808 <p>Current trends are in our favour. Open source is big in industry,
4809 and ordinary people have heard of it. The spread of Android and the
4810 popularity of Apple have helped to weaken the impression that you have
4811 to have Microsoft on everything. People complain to me much less about
4812 file formats and Word than they did 5 years ago.  The Edu aspect is
4813 also a selling point. This is all customised for schools. Where is the
4814 Windows-edu, or the Mac-edu?  But of course the main attraction is
4815 budget.The trick is to convince people that the quality is not
4816 compromised when you stop paying and use free software instead. That
4817 is one reason why I say the desktop experience is a weakness. People
4818 are not impressed when their USB drive doesn't work, or their browser
4819 doesn't play flash, for example.</p>
4820
4821       </div>
4822       <div class="tags">
4823
4824
4825         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4826
4827
4828       </div>
4829     </div>
4830     <div class="padding"></div>
4831
4832     <div class="entry">
4833       <div class="title">
4834         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_screencast__Mass_creation_of_user_accounts_in_Squeeze.html">Debian Edu screencast: Mass creation of user accounts in Squeeze</a>
4835       </div>
4836       <div class="date">
4837          7th March 2012
4838       </div>
4839       <div class="body">
4840         <!-- Video HTML based on http://www.diveintohtml5.net/video.html -->
4841
4842 <p>One of the Debian Edu developers, Wolfgang Schweer, just created a
4843 screen cast documenting how to create a lot of new users in LDAP on
4844 Debian Edu Squeeze.  The video is embedded here in quarter size, and
4845 also available from <a href="http://vimeo.com/37675399">vimeo</a> and
4846 download as a
4847 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv">Ogg
4848 Theora</a> file.  Check it out below.</p>
4849
4850 <p><video id="gosa-mass-user-create-movie" width="256" height="184" preload controls>
4851   <source src="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv" type='video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"' />
4852     <p>Download video as
4853       <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv">Ogg</a>.</p>
4854 </video></p>
4855
4856       </div>
4857       <div class="tags">
4858
4859
4860         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4861
4862
4863       </div>
4864     </div>
4865     <div class="padding"></div>
4866
4867     <div class="entry">
4868       <div class="title">
4869         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Third release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
4870       </div>
4871       <div class="date">
4872          4th March 2012
4873       </div>
4874       <div class="body">
4875         <p>This weekend we wrapped up and published the third release
4876 candidate for <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
4877 Skolelinux</a> based on Squeeze.  The full announcement is
4878 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00000.html">available</a>
4879 from the project announcement list.  Check it out if you
4880 need a software solution for your school.</p>
4881
4882       </div>
4883       <div class="tags">
4884
4885
4886         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4887
4888
4889       </div>
4890     </div>
4891     <div class="padding"></div>
4892
4893     <div class="entry">
4894       <div class="title">
4895         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Stopmotion_for_making_stop_motion_animations_on_Linux___reloaded.html">Stopmotion for making stop motion animations on Linux - reloaded</a>
4896       </div>
4897       <div class="date">
4898          3rd March 2012
4899       </div>
4900       <div class="body">
4901         <p>Many years ago, the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux
4902 / Debian Edu project</a> initiated a student project to create a tool
4903 for making stop motion movies.  The proposal came from a teacher
4904 needing such tool on Skolelinux.  The project, called "stopmotion",
4905 was manned by two extraordinary students and won a school award and a
4906 national aware with this great project.  The project was initiated and
4907 mentored by Herman Robak, and manned by the students Bjørn Erik Nilsen
4908 and Fredrik Berg Kjølstad.  They got in touch with people at Aardman
4909 Animation studio and received feedback on how professionals would like
4910 such stopmotion tool to work, and the end result was and is used by
4911 animators around the globe.  But as is usual after studying, both got
4912 jobs and went elsewhere, and did not have time to properly tend to the
4913 project, and it has been lingering for a few years now.  Until last
4914 year...</p>
4915
4916 <p>Last year some of the users got together with Herman, and moved the
4917 project to Sourceforge and in effect restarted the project under a new
4918 name,
4919 <a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/linuxstopmotion/">linuxstopmotion</a>.
4920 The name change was done to make it possible to find the project using
4921 Internet search engines (try to search for 'stopmotion' to see what I
4922 mean). I've been following
4923 <a href="https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/linuxstopmotion-community">the
4924 mailing list</a> and the improvement already in place and planned for
4925 the future is encouraging.  If you want to make stop motion movies.
4926 Check it out. :)</p>
4927
4928       </div>
4929       <div class="tags">
4930
4931
4932         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
4933
4934
4935       </div>
4936     </div>
4937     <div class="padding"></div>
4938
4939     <div class="entry">
4940       <div class="title">
4941         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Frode_Danielsen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Frode Danielsen</a>
4942       </div>
4943       <div class="date">
4944         27th February 2012
4945       </div>
4946       <div class="body">
4947         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
4948 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet møter vi
4949 denne gangen Frode Danielsen, som er leder for en IT-virksomhet som
4950 passer på IT-løsningen til flere kommuner i Hedmark-området, der noen
4951 av dem bruker Skolelinux i dag.</p>
4952
4953 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
4954
4955 <p>Daglig leder i <a href="http://www.hedmarken-ikt.no/">Hedmark
4956 IKT</a>. En interkommunal IKT-virksomhet for Stange, Nord-Odal,
4957 Kongsvinger, Grue, Løten og Hamar kommuner. Vi er 32 ansatte</p>
4958
4959 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
4960
4961 <p>Vi har vært i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet i flere
4962 sammenhenger, blant annet gjennom et par piloter som ikke har ført til
4963 noe konkret resultat.  Nå sist gjennom satsingen på skolelinux i Grue,
4964 Kongsvinger og Nord-Odal.</p>
4965
4966 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong>
4967 <br><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
4968
4969 <p>Jeg tror alle løsninger har fordeler og ulemper, litt avhengig av
4970 hvilket ståsted du selv har, så jeg unnlater å svare på dette.</p>
4971
4972 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
4973
4974 <p>Ingen for min egen del, men vi har noe fri programvare i våre
4975 løsninger.</p>
4976
4977 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
4978 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
4979
4980 <p>Jeg tror ikke man skal ha en slik strategi.  Man bør ha en strategi
4981 basert på å løse fremtidige behov, og velge løsninger som støtter opp
4982 under dette.</p>
4983
4984       </div>
4985       <div class="tags">
4986
4987
4988         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4989
4990
4991       </div>
4992     </div>
4993     <div class="padding"></div>
4994
4995     <div class="entry">
4996       <div class="title">
4997         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Second release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
4998       </div>
4999       <div class="date">
5000         27th February 2012
5001       </div>
5002       <div class="body">
5003         <p>This weekend we wrapped up and published the second release
5004 candidate for <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
5005 Skolelinux</a> based on Squeeze.  The full announcement did for some
5006 reason not make it the project announcement list, but is
5007 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-devel-announce/2012/02/msg00015.html">available</a>
5008 from the Debian development announcement list.  Check it out if you
5009 need a software solution for your school.</p>
5010
5011       </div>
5012       <div class="tags">
5013
5014
5015         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5016
5017
5018       </div>
5019     </div>
5020     <div class="padding"></div>
5021
5022     <div class="entry">
5023       <div class="title">
5024         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Knut_Yrvin.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Knut Yrvin</a>
5025       </div>
5026       <div class="date">
5027         21st February 2012
5028       </div>
5029       <div class="body">
5030         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
5031 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi nå
5032 høre fra nyvalgt leder i foreningen
5033 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
5034 Skolen</a> og en av stifterne av Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
5035
5036 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
5037
5038 <p>Knut Yrvin her. Jobber i Nokia med å fremme rammeverket Qt og QML
5039 med tilhørende utviklerverktøy. Rollen er som leder av
5040 friprog-samfunn. I fjor var jeg med å legge om utviklingen av Qt til
5041 åpen forvaltning.  På den måten kan alle som bidrar til Qt gjøre det
5042 på like vilkår.  Nå er det
5043 <a href="http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2011/12/22/qt-5-%E2%80%93-a-look-back-at-the-numbers/">over
5044 1000 utviklere</a> som bidrar til Qt. Med overgangen til åpen
5045 forvaltning er utviklingen av Qt mer åpen enn Linux-kjernen.</p>
5046
5047 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
5048
5049 <p>Jeg var en av initiativtagerne til Skolelinux i 2001. Skolene slet
5050 med både utstyr og Internett-tilgang. De klarte ikke å møte
5051 forventningene til data i skolen. Driften av PC-ene var uholdbar. Som
5052 regel hadde rektor pekt ut en ivrig lærer til å passe på PC-ene,
5053 gjerne naturfaglæreren. Mange lærere jobbet mye ubetalt overtid for å
5054 vedlikeholde 30-40 datamaskiner på hver sin skole. Med 300 elever og
5055 lærere som brukere, blir det fort mye mer arbeid enn de 4-8 timene de
5056 kunne bruke på PC-drift. Skolene hadde kun en femtedel av
5057 IT-budsjettet som ble brukt på PC-ene i rådhuset.</p>
5058
5059 <p>Vi erfarte at skolene hadde mye datautstyr som stod ubrukt. Skolene
5060 manglet penger til Microsoft-lisenser. Selv med solide skolerabatter,
5061 kostet Microsoft-lisensene gjerne like mye som PC-ene i seg selv over
5062 en periode på 5-6 år.</p>
5063
5064 <p>Viktigheten av språklig mangfold og pedagogiske programmer var også
5065 viktig for oss. Vi oversatte mange skoleaktuelle programmer til
5066 nynorsk, nordsamisk og bokmål. Dette lenge før andre tok denne
5067 oppgaven seriøst.  Allerede etter ett år hadde vi etablert et helt
5068 arsenal av skoleaktuelle programmer på nynorsk, bokmål og
5069 nordsamisk. Vi spredde vår ide om språklig mangfold til de andre frie
5070 prosjekter internasjonalt. Resultatene ser vi i mange land. Det er de
5071 frie programmene som kommer på brukernes morsmål. Det er en av flere
5072 gode grunner til at fri programvare som LibreOffice, VLC, KDE og
5073 Firefox konkurrerer ut godseid programvare mange steder i verden.</p>
5074
5075 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5076
5077 <p>Fordelene er at Skolelinux tilbyr over 100 skoleaktuelle programmer
5078 på de norske språkene, uten ett øre i lisenskostnader. Systemet gir
5079 enormt lave driftskostnader med diskløse arbeidsstasjoner og bærbare
5080 med roaming.  Skolelinux krever også mindre av maskinvaren.</p>
5081
5082 <p>Man kan fint kjøre systemet med 512 MB RAM på en bærbar PC sammen
5083 med en nettvideo i nettleseren og en presentasjon med
5084 LibreOffice. Konkurrerende system krever fort 2 GB RAM for å få til
5085 noe tilsvarende uten at det går ufattelig tregt. Skal man gjøre noe
5086 nyttig, krever konkurrentene til Linux mye større harddisk. Skoler har
5087 rapportert at de fort har fått 50% flere nye maskiner om de velger
5088 Linux. Dette i tillegg til de årlige besparelsene ved å unngå
5089 lisensbetaling til godseid programvare.</p>
5090
5091 <p>De lave driftskostnadene gjør at delstater i Europa har titusener
5092 av datamaskiner med Skolelinux i skolen. F.eks. er det under ti
5093 personer som drifter 70.000 PC-systemer i skolene i Extremadura i
5094 Spania. Det er slett ikke uvanlig at norske kommuner har 1500-2000
5095 datamaskiner med Skolelinux.  Driften tar ett årsverk. Slår flere
5096 kommuner seg sammen, kan de få samme sentraliserte stordriftsfordeler
5097 som delstater i Tyskland og Spania.  Delstater som kjører Skolelinux
5098 på alle skolene. Bare noen få personer sentraldrifter titusenvis av
5099 PC-er.</p>
5100
5101 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5102
5103 <p>Den største ulempen for Skolelinux er motstand mot Linux fra
5104 IT-sjefer i det offentlige. Dette er ledere som holder innlegg som
5105 snytt ut av evangelist-håndboka til Microsoft. Dette gjøres i ett
5106 arbeidsmarked med stor vekst i etterspørselen etter Linux-fagfolk i
5107 privat sektor.  Etterspørselen har økt mer enn noe annet tekniske yrke
5108 siste tiåret.  Åtte av ti ledere vil ansette Linux-fagfolk i 2012,
5109 rapporterer jobbnettstedet Dice.com på oppdrag av Linux
5110 Foundation.</p>
5111
5112 <p>Det mangler 16.000 ingeniører og IKT-fagfolk i Norge rapporterte
5113 arbeids- og velferdsetaten NAV. Linux-fagfolk kan velge svært
5114 interessante jobber med alt fra apps på ledende mobilsystem laget med
5115 Linux, sky- tjenester eller web-applikasjoner. De raskest voksende
5116 teknologiselskapene i verden er ute etter Linux-fagfolk. Det være seg
5117 Amazon, Google, Facebook og IBM for å nevne noen. Linux er kritisk
5118 for å sikre veksten i markedet. Det sier seg selv at lønningene og
5119 jobbmulighetene er bedre enn for andre tekniske yrker.</p>
5120
5121 <p>Skal man lage apps for mobilen, smart-TV-en eller
5122 underholdningssystemet i bilen eller på flyet, er det Linux som
5123 gjelder. Med en slik konkurranse om Linux-kompetansen, kombinert med
5124 motstanden mot Linux hos mange IT-sjefer i offentlig sektor, så
5125 hindrer kommunene rekruttering av flere Linux- fagfolk. Skolene blir
5126 tvunget til å velge dyrere og mindre komplette IT-system. De har
5127 blitt hengende igjen slik IT var på begynnelsen av 2000- tallet. Dette
5128 fordi IT-ledere ikke har tilpasset seg markedet det siste tiåret.</p>
5129
5130 <p>Når det er sagt, er Skolelinux svært enkelt å lære seg også for de
5131 som ikke kan. Det viser alle lærerne som drifter systemet for
5132 hundrevis og tusenvis av systemer. Det meste er på plass rett ut av
5133 boksen. I tillegg er det solid med dokumentasjon med god hjelp på
5134 nettet. Det er mange kommuner som har ansatt en lærer som først lærte
5135 Skolelinux på sin skole, for så å drifte alle PC-ene i kommunen med
5136 Skolelinux. Det kan fort være snakk om 1000-3000 datamaskiner på 10-15
5137 skoler som sentraldriftes med en stilling.  Står man ordentlig fast,
5138 kan man også kjøpe profesjonell hjelp fra selskap som støtter
5139 Skolelinux. Det er flere slike selskap i Norge og i utlandet.</p>
5140
5141 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
5142
5143 <p>Qt SDK, LibreOffice, Firefox, VLC og KDE-skrivebordet. Dette på et
5144 Debian-basert GNU/Linux-system. Jeg bruker også noen morsomme
5145 3D-spill. Idag kan jeg velge mellom over 30.000 Linux-programmer. Det
5146 finnes ikke tid i livet å undersøke alle valgmulighetene. Derfor er
5147 det bra med Skolelinux i skolen, da utvalget av programmer er
5148 begrenset til hva som er aktuelt i skolefagene.</p>
5149
5150 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
5151 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
5152
5153 <p>Vi må selge hele Skolelinux forhåndsinstallert på maskinvare i hele
5154 pakker med 50-100-1000 PC-klienter med servere. Dette kan selges til
5155 enkeltskoler eller hele kommuner. Pakken må inneholde tjenermaskiner,
5156 svært rimelige diskløse arbeidsstasjoner, nettbrett med Plasma Active,
5157 og bærbare med roaming. Alt er godt testet med Debian. I et slikt
5158 anbud er det mulig å legge til sentraliserte drifts- og
5159 støttetjenester.</p>
5160
5161 <p>Man bør også selge sky-tjenester som læreadministrative systemet
5162 Moodle og driftsovervåking. I tillegg så bør man slenge seg på med
5163 presentasjoner de gangene LibreOffice og andre friprog-produkter
5164 selges til kommuner.</p>
5165
5166       </div>
5167       <div class="tags">
5168
5169
5170         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5171
5172
5173       </div>
5174     </div>
5175     <div class="padding"></div>
5176
5177     <div class="entry">
5178       <div class="title">
5179         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">First release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
5180       </div>
5181       <div class="date">
5182         19th February 2012
5183       </div>
5184       <div class="body">
5185         <p>One week delayed due to DVD build problems, we managed today to
5186 wrap up and publish the first release candidate for
5187 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
5188 on Squeeze.  The full announcement is
5189 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/02/msg00001.html">available</a>
5190 on the project announcement list.  Check it out if you need a software
5191 solution for your school.</p>
5192
5193       </div>
5194       <div class="tags">
5195
5196
5197         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5198
5199
5200       </div>
5201     </div>
5202     <div class="padding"></div>
5203
5204     <div class="entry">
5205       <div class="title">
5206         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Olav_Dahlum.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Olav Dahlum</a>
5207       </div>
5208       <div class="date">
5209         18th February 2012
5210       </div>
5211       <div class="body">
5212         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
5213 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi nå
5214 høre fra et nyvalgt medlem i foreningen
5215 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
5216 Skolen</a>.</p>
5217
5218 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
5219
5220 <p>Jeg heter Olav Dahlum, og er frilans oversetter, tester,
5221 prosjektleder og bruker av fri og åpen programvare som
5222 LibreOffice. Jeg er også et av styremedlemmene i FRISK.</p>
5223
5224 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
5225
5226 <p>Jeg kom i kontakt med prosjektet i 2009, da jeg ble ansatt i
5227 stiftelsen Åpne kontorprogram på norsk for å oversette og teste den
5228 norske utgaven av OpenOffice.org. Arbeidet har hele tiden vært
5229 koordinert sammen med Skolelinux, og mange av de samme menneskene er
5230 involvert, så på den måten ble jeg en del av den utvidede
5231 familien.</p>
5232
5233 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5234
5235 <p>Skolelinux handler i likhet med utdanningssektoren om å dele
5236 kunnskap med andre, og det er dette som er hovedstyrken til
5237 prosjektet.  Selv om Skolelinux hovedsaklig er involvert i utvikling
5238 av programvare, er det også et sted der man kan utfolde seg uavhengig
5239 av bakgrunn og ferdigheter.</p>
5240
5241 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5242
5243 <p>Liten utbredelse og manglende støtte fra leverandører som leverer
5244 pedagogisk programvare til skolebruk.  Kunne kanskje hatt flere
5245 verktøy som letter administrasjonen ytterligere, slik at også mindre
5246 erfarne databrukere kan utføre lett vedlikehold og rutinejobber.</p>
5247
5248 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
5249
5250 <p>Jeg er nesten forpliktet til å si at jeg bruker LibreOffice... Jeg
5251 bruker forøvrig frie og åpne operativsystemer basert på
5252 operativsystemkjernen Linux, for tiden openSUSE 12,1 med KDE4.  Men
5253 hvis jeg skal dra fram noen flere eksempler så er nok Mozilla Firefox
5254 og Thunderbird to av de jeg bruker mest. I tillegg er jeg en flittig
5255 bruker av OpenSSH, Irssi, Midnight Commander, Git, Subversion,
5256 Translation Toolkit og Super Maryo Chronicles (litt gøy skal man ha,
5257 og med to håndkontroller liggende er det ikke til å unngå).</p>
5258
5259 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
5260 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
5261
5262 <p>Vi må få leverandører av pedagogisk programvare med på laget, men
5263 også utvikle vår egen tilpasset det norske markedet.  Det er også
5264 mulig å involvere utdanningssektoren direkte i arbeidet, for eksempel
5265 gjennom studentprosjekter der elevene selv er med å utforme
5266 programvare direkte eller indirekte gjennom aktive bidrag.  Dette gjør
5267 ikke bare samarbeidet tettere, men fokuset på standarder og friheten
5268 til å velge sin egen løsning vil kanskje stimulere interessen for
5269 framtidig deltakelse i bransjen.  Vi som driver med fri og åpen
5270 programvare ønsker oss ikke rene konsumenter, men tenkende og
5271 selvstendige individer som kan være med å skape sin egen fremtid.</p>
5272
5273       </div>
5274       <div class="tags">
5275
5276
5277         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5278
5279
5280       </div>
5281     </div>
5282     <div class="padding"></div>
5283
5284     <div class="entry">
5285       <div class="title">
5286         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_proxy_configuration_with_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux.html">Automatic proxy configuration with Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
5287       </div>
5288       <div class="date">
5289         13th February 2012
5290       </div>
5291       <div class="body">
5292         <p>New in the Squeeze version of
5293 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> is the
5294 ability for clients to automatically configure their proxy settings
5295 based on their environment.  We want all systems on the client to use
5296 the WPAD based proxy definition fetched from <tt>http://wpad/wpad.dat</tt>, to
5297 allow sites to control the proxy setting from a central place and make
5298 sure clients do not have hard coded proxy settings.  The schools can
5299 change the global proxy setting by editing
5300 <tt>tjener:/etc/debian-edu/www/wpad.dat</tt> and the change propagate
5301 to all Debian Edu clients in the network.</p>
5302
5303 <p>The problem is that some systems do not understand the WPAD system.
5304 In other words, how do one get from a WPAD file like this (this is a
5305 simple one, they can run arbitrary code):</p>
5306
5307 <blockquote><pre>
5308 function FindProxyForURL(url, host)
5309 {
5310    if (!isResolvable(host) ||
5311        isPlainHostName(host) ||
5312        dnsDomainIs(host, ".intern"))
5313       return "DIRECT";
5314    else
5315       return "PROXY webcache:3128; DIRECT";
5316 }
5317 </pre></blockquote>
5318
5319 <p>to a proxy setting in the process environment looking like this:</p>
5320
5321 <blockquote><pre>
5322 http_proxy=http://webcache:3128/
5323 ftp_proxy=http://webcache:3128/
5324 </pre></blockquote>
5325
5326 <p>To do this conversion I developed a perl script that will execute
5327 the javascript fragment in the WPAD file and return the proxy that
5328 would be used for
5329 <tt><a href="http://www.debian.org/">http://www.debian.org/</a></tt>,
5330 and insert this extracted proxy URL in <tt>/etc/environment</tt> and
5331 <tt>/etc/apt/apt.conf</tt>.  The perl script wpad-extract work just
5332 fine in Squeeze, but in Wheezy the library it need to run the
5333 javascript code is <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/631045">no longer
5334 able to build</a> because the C library it depended on is now a C++
5335 library.  I hope someone find a solution to that problem before Wheezy
5336 is frozen.  An alternative would be for us to rewrite wpad-extract to
5337 use some other javascript library currently working in Wheezy, but no
5338 known alternative is known at the moment.</p>
5339
5340 <p>This automatic proxy system allow the roaming workstation (aka
5341 laptop) setup in Debian Edu/Squeeze to use the proxy when the laptop
5342 is connected to the backbone network in a Debian Edu setup, and to
5343 automatically use any proxy present and announced using the WPAD
5344 feature when it is connected to other networks.  And if no proxy is
5345 announced, direct connections will be used instead.</p>
5346
5347 <p>Silently using a proxy announced on the network might be a privacy
5348 or security problem.  But those controlling DHCP and DNS on a network
5349 could just as easily set up a transparent proxy, and force all HTTP
5350 and FTP connections to use a proxy anyway, so I consider that
5351 distinction to be academic.  If you are afraid of using the wrong
5352 proxy, you should avoid connecting to the network in question in the
5353 first place.  In Debian Edu, the proxy setup is updated using dhcp and
5354 ifupdown hooks, to make sure the configuration is updated every time
5355 the network setup changes.</p>
5356
5357 <p>The WPAD system is documented in a
5358 <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-wrec-wpad-01">IETF
5359 draft</a> and a
5360 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_Proxy_Autodiscovery_Protocol">Wikipedia
5361 page</a> for those that want to learn more.</p>
5362
5363       </div>
5364       <div class="tags">
5365
5366
5367         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5368
5369
5370       </div>
5371     </div>
5372     <div class="padding"></div>
5373
5374     <div class="entry">
5375       <div class="title">
5376         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Axel_Bojer.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Axel Bojer</a>
5377       </div>
5378       <div class="date">
5379          7th February 2012
5380       </div>
5381       <div class="body">
5382         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
5383 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet har jeg
5384 fått en av oversetterne som har vært med siden starten i tale.</p>
5385
5386 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
5387
5388 <p>Jeg heter Axel Bojer og er datalærer, tysklærer, oversetter med
5389 mere.</p>
5390
5391 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
5392
5393 <p>Tror jeg så en annonsering på nettet i slutten av 2001 og ville
5394 være med som oversetter.  Jeg kom med på en utviklersamling og
5395 prosjektet var da helt i starten.  Det var spennende å være med mens
5396 prosjektet vokste til og utviklet seg.</p>
5397
5398 <p>Jeg har «alltid» vært språkinteressert og hadde nettopp startet med
5399 Linux og tror jeg tenkte det passet å bidra.  Var også glad for å få
5400 en Debian-distribusjon, og ville gjerne bruke den selv.  Til å begynne
5401 med brukte jeg først Mandrake og så Debian. Og siden jeg oppdaget at
5402 det ikke var noen mulighet for å bruke den som enkeltstående i lang
5403 tid, så gikk jeg etterhvert over til Kubuntu</p>
5404
5405 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5406
5407 <p>Løsningen er forholdsvis lett å sette opp, gratis, fri programvare
5408 og gjør det mulig å gjenbruke eldre maskiner.  Det fine med Debian er
5409 at det er stabilt og har en veldig stor mengde programmer. Jeg liker
5410 også apt.  :-) Jeg liker også friheten ved Linux og muligheten til å
5411 delta og forme sin egen datahverdag.</p>
5412
5413 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5414
5415 <p>Skolelinux er for lite kjent og for sent ute med å gi ut nye
5416 versjoner.</p>
5417
5418 <p>Da jeg selv i hovedsak bruker Kubuntu, så kan jeg egentlig ikke
5419 svare så detaljert rundt ulempene med Skolelinux.  Hovedårsaken til at
5420 jeg bruker Kubuntu er nok at da vi begynte med det mener jeg det ikke
5421 var noen annen løsning.  «Vandrende arbeidsstasjon» mener jeg ikke
5422 fantes da.  Dessuten ville jeg ha siste versjon, da den KDE-versjonen
5423 som var i Skolelinux den gangen var en god del enklere (tror det var
5424 KDE 2) var dårligere i mine øyne enn versjon 3.</p>
5425
5426 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
5427
5428 <p>Jeg bruker blant annet Kubuntu, LibreOffice, Thunderbird, Firefox,
5429 Kate, <a href="http://comix.sourceforge.net/">Comix</a> og Konsole.  Og
5430 en hel haug andre ved behov :-)</p>
5431
5432 <p>Har oversatt Comix selv, men det er jo ikke skjedd noe med Comix
5433 siden 2009, så den er det nok bare jeg som har.  Om andre vil ha den
5434 gir jeg den gjerne videre.  Ser at noen har startet på
5435 <a href="http://mcomix.sourceforge.net/">MComix</a> siden jeg så på så
5436 på dette sist, så nå er jeg igang med å teste og oversette den
5437 også.</p>
5438
5439 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
5440 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
5441
5442 <p>Det viktigste er å forankre beslutningen i kollegiet og med de som
5443 er ansvarlige for å vedlikeholde og bruke datamaskinene.  Flest mulig
5444 bør være med på å holde det (sosialt) vedlike, kjenne og støtte
5445 prinsippene. Som enkeltmannsprosjekt blir det lett veldig sårbart,
5446 særlig når (Skole)linux ennå i stor grad er en motkultur og ikke noe
5447 en stor nok andel av beslutningstakere, brukere osv kjenner til og
5448 bruker.</p>
5449
5450 <p>Jeg tror det viktigste er å fortsette å holde fri programvare godt,
5451 oppdatert, minimere antall feil, ha en god kontakt med brukerne og
5452 attraktivt og spennende programmer. Beholde alt som er bra og ha det
5453 tilgjengelig samtidig som man tilbyr det nyeste og rareste for de som
5454 vil ha det.</p>
5455
5456       </div>
5457       <div class="tags">
5458
5459
5460         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5461
5462
5463       </div>
5464     </div>
5465     <div class="padding"></div>
5466
5467     <div class="entry">
5468       <div class="title">
5469         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Saving_power_with_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_using_shutdown_at_night.html">Saving power with Debian Edu / Skolelinux using shutdown-at-night</a>
5470       </div>
5471       <div class="date">
5472          5th February 2012
5473       </div>
5474       <div class="body">
5475         <p>Since the Lenny version of
5476 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>, a
5477 feature to save power have been included.  It is as simple as it is
5478 practical: Shut down unused clients at night, and turn them on again
5479 in the morning.  This is done using the
5480 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/shutdown-at-night.html">shutdown-at-night</a> Debian package.</p>
5481
5482 <p>To enable this feature on a client, the machine need to be added to
5483 the netgroup shutdown-at-night-hosts.  For Debian Edu, this is done in
5484 LDAP, and once this is in place, the machine in question will check
5485 every hour from 16:00 until 06:00 to see if the machine is unused, and
5486 shut it down if it is.  If the hardware in question is supported by
5487 the
5488 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/n/nvram-wakeup.html">nvram-wakeup</a>
5489 package, the BIOS is told to turn the machine back on around 07:00 +-
5490 10 minutes.  If this isn't working, one can configure wake-on-lan to
5491 try to turn on the client.  The wake-on-lan option is only documented
5492 and not enabled by default in Debian Edu.</p>
5493
5494 <p>It is important to not turn all machines on at once, as this can
5495 blow a fuse if several computers are connected to the same fuse like
5496 the common setup for a classroom.  The nvram-wakeup method only work
5497 for machines with a functioning hardware/BIOS clock.  I've seen old
5498 machines where the BIOS battery were dead and the hardware clock were
5499 starting from 0 (or was it 1990?) every boot.  If you have one of
5500 those, you have to turn on the computer manually.</p>
5501
5502 <p>The shutdown-at-night package is completely self contained, and can
5503 also be used outside the Debian Edu environment.  For those without a
5504 central LDAP server with netgroups, one can instead touch the file
5505 <tt>/etc/shutdown-at-night/shutdown-at-night</tt> to enable it.
5506 Perhaps you too can use it to save some power?</p>
5507
5508       </div>
5509       <div class="tags">
5510
5511
5512         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5513
5514
5515       </div>
5516     </div>
5517     <div class="padding"></div>
5518
5519     <div class="entry">
5520       <div class="title">
5521         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_beta_version_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Third beta version of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
5522       </div>
5523       <div class="date">
5524          4th February 2012
5525       </div>
5526       <div class="body">
5527         <p>I am happy to announce that finally we managed today to wrap up and
5528 publish the third beta version of
5529 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
5530 on Squeeze.  If you want to test a LDAP backed Kerberos server with
5531 out of the box PXE configuration for running diskless machines and
5532 installing new machines, check it out.  If you need a software
5533 solution for your school, check it out too.  The full announcement is
5534 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/02/msg00000.html">available</a>
5535 on the project announcement list.</p>
5536
5537 <p>I am very happy to report these changes and improvements since
5538 beta2 (there are more, see announcement for full list):</p>
5539
5540 <ul>
5541
5542 <li>It is now possible to change the pre-configured IP subnet from
5543   10.0.0.0/8 to something else by using the subnet-change tool after
5544   the installation.</li>
5545
5546 <li>Too full partitions are now automatically extended on the Main
5547   Server, based on the rules specified in /etc/fsautoresizetab.</li>
5548
5549 <li>The CUPS queues are now automatically flushed every night, and all
5550   disabled queues are restarted every hour.  This should cut down on
5551   the amount of manual administration needed for printers.</li>
5552
5553 <li>The set of initial users have been changed.  Now a personal user
5554   for the local system administrator is created during installation
5555   instead of the previously created localadmin and super-admin users,
5556   and this user is granted administrative privileges using group
5557   membership.  This reduces the number of passwords one need to keep
5558   up to date on the system.</li>
5559
5560 </ul>
5561
5562 <p>The new main server seem to work so well that I am testing it as my
5563 private DNS/LDAP/Kerberos/PXE/LTSP server at home.  I will use it look
5564 for issues we could fix to polish Debian Edu even further before the
5565 final Squeeze release is published.</p>
5566
5567 <p>Next weekend the project organise a
5568 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/01/msg00001.html">developer
5569 gathering</a> in Oslo.  We will continue the work on the Squeeze
5570 version, and start initial planning for the Wheezy version.  Perhaps I
5571 will see you there?</p>
5572
5573       </div>
5574       <div class="tags">
5575
5576
5577         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5578
5579
5580       </div>
5581     </div>
5582     <div class="padding"></div>
5583
5584     <div class="entry">
5585       <div class="title">
5586         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Handling_non_free_firmware_in_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Handling non-free firmware in Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
5587       </div>
5588       <div class="date">
5589         27th January 2012
5590       </div>
5591       <div class="body">
5592         <p>With some computer hardware, one need non-free firmware blobs.
5593 This is the sad fact of todays computers.  In the next version of
5594 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
5595 on Squeeze, we provide several scripts and modifications to make
5596 firmware blobs easier to handle.  The common use case I run into is a
5597 laptop with a wireless network card requiring non-free firmware to
5598 work, but there are other use cases as well.</p>
5599
5600 <p>First and foremost, Debian Edu provide ISO images for DVD and CD
5601 with all firmware packages in the Debian sections main and non-free
5602 included, to ensure debian-installer find and can install all of them
5603 during installation.  This take care firmware for network devices used
5604 by the installer when installing from from local media.  But for
5605 example multimedia devices are not activated in the installer and are
5606 not taken care of by this.</p>
5607
5608 <p>For non-network devices, we provide the script
5609 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/auto-addfirmware</tt> which
5610 search through the <tt>dmesg</tt> output for drivers requesting extra
5611 firmware.  The firmware file name is looked up in the Contents-ARCH.gz
5612 file available in the package repository, and the packages providing
5613 the requested firmware file(s) is installed.  I have proposed to do
5614 something similar in debian-installer (BTS report
5615 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/655507">#655507</a>), to allow PXE
5616 installs of Debian to handle firmware installation better.  Run the
5617 script as root from the command line to fetch and install the needed
5618 firmware packages.</p>
5619
5620 <p>Debian Edu provide PXE installation of Debian out of the box, and
5621 because some machines need firmware to get their network cards
5622 working, the installation initrd some times need extra firmware
5623 included to be able to install at all.  To fill the PXE installation
5624 initrd with extra firmware, the
5625 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/pxe-addfirmware</tt> script is
5626 provided.  Again, just run it as root on the command line to fill the
5627 PXE initrd with firmware packages.</p>
5628
5629 <p>Last, some LTSP clients might also need firmware to get their
5630 network cards working.  For this,
5631 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/ltsp-addfirmware</tt> is
5632 provided to update the LTSP initrd with firmware blobs.  It is used
5633 the same way as the other firmware related tools.</p>
5634
5635 <p>At the moment, we do not run any of these during installation.  We
5636 do not know if this is acceptable for the local administrator to use
5637 non-free software, and it is their choice.</p>
5638
5639 <p>We plan to release beta3 this weekend.  You might want to give it a
5640 try.</p>
5641
5642       </div>
5643       <div class="tags">
5644
5645
5646         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5647
5648
5649       </div>
5650     </div>
5651     <div class="padding"></div>
5652
5653     <div class="entry">
5654       <div class="title">
5655         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skjermbilder_fra_nordsamisk_installasjon_av_Skolelinux_Squeeze.html">Skjermbilder fra nordsamisk installasjon av Skolelinux/Squeeze</a>
5656       </div>
5657       <div class="date">
5658         26th January 2012
5659       </div>
5660       <div class="body">
5661         <p>For morro skyld har jeg gjennomført en nordsamisk installasjon for
5662 neste utgave av <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>
5663 (Squeeze) og knipset skjermbilder av resultatet.</p>
5664
5665 <p>Som en kan se der er det noen oversettelser som mangler.  Det hadde
5666 vært hyggelig hvis alle tekstene som vises i Skolelinux-installasjonen
5667 ble oversatt til nordsamisk, men for å få det til må noen som forstår
5668 språket melde seg til dyst.  Det er mangel på nordsamiske oversettere
5669 av fri programvare.  Hvis noen starter raskt, så bør en rekke å
5670 fullføre Wheezy-utgaven før den gis ut. :)</p>
5671
5672 <p>Se <a href="http://d-i.debian.org/l10n-stats/">oversetterstatistikk for
5673 debian installer</a> for detaljert status.  Jeg har tipset
5674 <a href="https://lister.ping.uio.no/mailman/listinfo/i18n-sme">epostlisten for samiskoversettelser</a>,
5675 men det har vært veldig liten aktivitet der de siste årene.</p>
5676
5677 <p><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/01-isomenu.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/01-isomenu.png" width="40%"></a>
5678 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/02-sme-lang.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/02-sme-lang.png" width="40%"></a>
5679 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/03-sme-place.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/03-sme-place.png" width="40%"></a>
5680 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/04-sme-keymap.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/04-sme-keymap.png" width="40%"></a>
5681 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/05-sme-profile.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/05-sme-profile.png" width="40%"></a>
5682 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/06-sme-autopart.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/06-sme-autopart.png" width="40%"></a>
5683 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/07-sme-popcon.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/07-sme-popcon.png" width="40%"></a>
5684 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/08-sme-rootpw1.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/08-sme-rootpw1.png" width="40%"></a>
5685 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/09-sme-rootpw2.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/09-sme-rootpw2.png" width="40%"></a>
5686 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/10-sme-firstuser.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/10-sme-firstuser.png" width="40%"></a>
5687 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/11-sme-firstusername.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/11-sme-firstusername.png" width="40%"></a>
5688 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/12-sme-firstuserpw1.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/12-sme-firstuserpw1.png" width="40%"></a>
5689 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/13-sme-firstuserpw2.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/13-sme-firstuserpw2.png" width="40%"></a>
5690 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/14-sme-part.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/14-sme-part.png" width="40%"></a>
5691 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/15-sme-debootstrap.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/15-sme-debootstrap.png" width="40%"></a>
5692 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/16-sme-tasksel.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/16-sme-tasksel.png" width="40%"></a>
5693 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/17-sme-wordlist.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/17-sme-wordlist.png" width="40%"></a>
5694 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/18-sme-tasksel.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/18-sme-tasksel.png" width="40%"></a>
5695 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/19-sme-ltsp.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/19-sme-ltsp.png" width="40%"></a>
5696 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/20-sme-grub.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/20-sme-grub.png" width="40%"></a>
5697 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/21-sme-finish-install.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/21-sme-finish-install.png" width="40%"></a>
5698 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/22-sme-finish-message.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/22-sme-finish-message.png" width="40%"></a></p>
5699
5700       </div>
5701       <div class="tags">
5702
5703
5704         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5705
5706
5707       </div>
5708     </div>
5709     <div class="padding"></div>
5710
5711     <div class="entry">
5712       <div class="title">
5713         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Setting_up_a_new_school_with_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Setting up a new school with Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
5714       </div>
5715       <div class="date">
5716         25th January 2012
5717       </div>
5718       <div class="body">
5719         <p>The next version of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu
5720 / Skolelinux</a> will include a new tool
5721 <tt>sitesummary2ldapdhcp</tt>, which can be used to quickly set up all
5722 the computers in a school without much manual labour.  Here is a short
5723 summary on how to use it to set up a new school.</p>
5724
5725 <p>First, install a combined Main Server and Thin Client Server as the
5726 central server in the network.  Next, PXE boot all the client machines
5727 as thin clients and wait 5 minutes after the last client booted to
5728 allow the clients to report their existence to the central server.  When
5729 this is done, log on to the central server and run
5730 <tt>sitesummary2ldapdhcp -a</tt> in the <tt>konsole</tt> to use the
5731 collected information to generate system objects in LDAP.  The output
5732 will look similar to this:</p>
5733
5734 <p><blockquote><pre>
5735 % sitesummary2ldapdhcp -a
5736 info: Updating machine tjener.intern [10.0.2.2] id ether-00:01:02:03:04:05.
5737 info: Create GOsa machine for auto-mac-00-01-02-03-04-06 [10.0.16.20] id ether-00:01:02:03:04:06.
5738
5739 Enter password if you want to activate these changes, and ^c to abort.
5740
5741 Connecting to LDAP as cn=admin,ou=ldap-access,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
5742 enter password: *******
5743 %
5744 </pre></blockquote></p>
5745
5746 <p>After providing the LDAP administrative password (the same as the
5747 root password set during installation), the LDAP database will be
5748 populated with system objects for each PXE booted machine with
5749 automatically generated names.  The final step to set up the school is
5750 then to log into <a href="https://oss.gonicus.de/labs/gosa/">GOsa</a>,
5751 the web based user, group and system administration system to change
5752 system names, add systems to the correct host groups and finally
5753 enable DHCP and DNS for the systems.  All clients that should be used
5754 as diskless workstations should be added to the workstation-hosts
5755 group.  After this is done, all computers can be booted again via PXE
5756 and get their assigned names and group based configuration
5757 automatically.</p>
5758
5759 <p>We plan to release beta3 with the updated version of this feature
5760 enabled this weekend.  You might want to give it a try.</p>
5761
5762 <p>Update 2012-01-28: When calling sitesummary2ldapdhcp to add new
5763 hosts, one need to add the option -a.  I forgot to mention this in my
5764 original text, and have added it to the text now.</p>
5765
5766       </div>
5767       <div class="tags">
5768
5769
5770         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
5771
5772
5773       </div>
5774     </div>
5775     <div class="padding"></div>
5776
5777     <div class="entry">
5778       <div class="title">
5779         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Paul_Reidar_L_snesl_kken.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken</a>
5780       </div>
5781       <div class="date">
5782         18th January 2012
5783       </div>
5784       <div class="body">
5785         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
5786 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, har jeg nå
5787 lyktes med å få tak i en skolemann som ikke er aktiv med utviklingen,
5788 men likevel har vært med nesten siden starten av prosjektet.  Jeg
5789 ønsker derfor velkommen til Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken, en mann med
5790 mange års erfaring i bruk av Skolelinux.</p>
5791
5792 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
5793
5794 <p>Jeg driftet tidligere IKT løsningen for skolene i
5795 <a href="http://www.nord-odal.kommune.no/">Nord-Odal</a>.  I dag er jeg
5796 IKT-konsulent for hele kommunen og samarbeider med
5797 <a href="http://www.hedmarken-ikt.no/">Hedmark-IKT</a> for best mulig
5798 tjenester til kommunen. Jeg har bakgrunn som elektronikkreparatør og
5799 grunnskolelærer og har tatt en del fag innen IKT, i hovedsak
5800 driftsfag. IKT i Nord-Odal kommune blir i dag driftet av Hedmark IKT
5801 som er et samarbeid mellom Løten, Stange, Grue, Hamar, Kongsvinger og
5802 Nord-Odal. Jeg er fortsatt "IKT-personen" på skolene i kommunen og
5803 følger opp og gjør enkelte mindre endringer der.</p>
5804
5805 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
5806
5807 <p>Kommunen satset på Skolelinux i 2004.  Jeg var ikke med i
5808 beslutningsprosessen den gang, men ble likevel med fra starten når
5809 dette ble levert.</p>
5810
5811 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5812
5813 <p>Fordelene med Skolelinux er rask oppstart, sentral drift av
5814 klientene, klienter som jobber raskt og effektivt, bedre
5815 funksjonalitet på eldre utstyr og en ganske god programpakke med fri
5816 programvare som følger med.  Løsningen med halvtykke klienter gjør at
5817 prosessering skjer lokalt med alltid ferske maskiner.</p>
5818
5819 <p>Skolelinux kan fungere godt på gammelt utstyr, men det er klart at
5820 utstyr også blir for gammelt selv for Skolelinux.  I forbindelese med
5821 at vi nylig fikk nye servere og ny installasjon kastet jeg ut ca 60
5822 klienter som fortsatt var i drift etter at de var kjøpt godt brukt i
5823 2004.  Noe var rundt 15 år gammelt, men var fortsatt i bruk. Noen
5824 klaget på at det nå gikk veldig tregt på en del pedagogiske nettsider
5825 med flash o.l. Det er fullt forståelig.</p>
5826
5827 <p>Jeg fikk nylig et spørsmål fra ungdomsskolens rektor om jeg kunne
5828 legge inn <a href="http://freemind.sourceforge.net/">FreeMind</a>, et
5829 tankekartprogram , på skolens elev-Windowsmaskiner. Lærerne hadde
5830 vært på kurs og ville ta dette i bruk. Skolen har ca halvparten av
5831 elevmaskinene på bærbare Windowsmaskiner. Da kunne jeg fortelle at
5832 dette programmet allerede lå inne på den nye Skolelinuxløsningen
5833 som nettopp var satt i drift, klart til bruk.</p>
5834
5835 <p>Vi har de bærbare maskinene på ungdomsskolen i domene med
5836 Skolelinux.  Dette fungerer også meget bra nå. Elevene får opp en
5837 midlertidig windowsprofil når de logger på.  Denne profilen slettes
5838 etter at de logger av, noe som medfører rene profiler hver gang de
5839 starter opp en maskin.  De må lagre i sin Skolelinprofil, noe som
5840 medfører at de får tak i sine filer uavhengig av om de starter en
5841 Windowsmaskin eller en Skolelinuxklient. Det er mye mindre trafikk i
5842 det trådløse nettet etter at ikke hele profiler blir lastet opp til de
5843 enkelte Windowsmaskinene og tilbake når man avslutter. Jeg vet ikke om
5844 dette er standardoppsett i Skolelinux, men slik er vårt oppsett
5845 nå.</p>
5846
5847 <p>Vi har i flere år satt opp vår løsning slik at skriverkøer slettes
5848 og skrivere startes hver natt.  Hyggelig å høre at dette nå skal bli
5849 en standard i Skolelinuxløsningen.  Dette har vært en god hjelp for
5850 oss.</p>
5851
5852 <p>Elevene er lite opptatt av om de jobber på en Skolelinux eller en
5853 Windowsmaskin bare de har de programmene de trenger og at det virker
5854 når det skal brukes. Vi kjører mest mulig de samme programmene på
5855 Windows som i Skolelinux, som f.eks Audacity og LibreOffice.</p>
5856
5857 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5858
5859 <p>Lærere bruker hos oss Windows. Dette fordi de da selv har mer
5860 kontroll over sin maskin, kan bruke den overalt, og kan legge inn
5861 programmer selv når de trenger noe i forhold til kurs o.l de er
5862 på. Jeg tror lærernes selvstendighet her gjør dem tryggere på IKT-bruk
5863 generelt. Det at de av og til får opp advarsler og lignende gjør også
5864 at de må tenke igjennom og spørre om ting rundt datasikkerhet.</p>
5865
5866 <p>Det er en del programmer vi bruker som ikke finnes for Linux.  Mest
5867 brukt er nok Photostory3 som brukes i mange sammenhenger, særlig på
5868 ungdomsskolen, bl.a. til å lage herbarier (plantesamling) .  Dette
5869 finnes gratis for Windows, men er ikke fri programvare.  Vi er opptatt
5870 av at programmer elevene bruker på skolen også kan brukes gratis
5871 hjemme. Det er også en del programmer som brukes til spesielle elever
5872 som bare går i Windows. Det er viktig med fokus på funksjoner og ikke
5873 på hvilket OS man bruker.</p>
5874
5875 <p>For oss er det kombinasjonen mellom Skolelinux og Windows som gir
5876 oss en god og hel løsning. Skolelinux er best der de er gode.</p>
5877
5878 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
5879
5880 <p>Selv er det LibreOffice jeg bruker til daglig.  Jeg bruker selv en
5881 Windowsmaskin. Jeg har benyttet en del fri programvare i forbindelse
5882 med sjekking av trafikk i nettverk, slik som Wireshark, men dette er
5883 jo ikke aktuelt for skolene. Jeg er generelt glad i programmer som
5884 fungerer på både Linux og Windows og gjerne MAC.</p>
5885
5886 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
5887 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
5888
5889 <p>Det er viktig at det benyttes programmer som elevene også kan ta i
5890 bruk hjemme.  Det skal da være enkelt, lovlig og gratis for
5891 elevene. Da er jeg ikke lenger veldig opptatt av om det kalles "fri
5892 programvare".  For skolene tror jeg "gratis" og "funksjonelt" er bedre
5893 begreper enn "fri" i forhold til programmer.  De fleste skiller nok
5894 ikke mellom "fri" og "gratis". Det er nå svært mange elever som
5895 benytter OpenOffice eller LibreOffice som sin primære kontorpakke
5896 hjemme.</p>
5897
5898       </div>
5899       <div class="tags">
5900
5901
5902         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5903
5904
5905       </div>
5906     </div>
5907     <div class="padding"></div>
5908
5909     <div class="entry">
5910       <div class="title">
5911         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Changing_the_default_Iceweasel_start_page_in_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Changing the default Iceweasel start page in Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
5912       </div>
5913       <div class="date">
5914         10th January 2012
5915       </div>
5916       <div class="body">
5917         <p>In the Squeeze version of
5918 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> soon
5919 to be released, users of the system will get their default browser
5920 start page set from LDAP, allowing the system administrator to point
5921 all users to the school web page by updating one setting in LDAP.  In
5922 addition to setting the default start page when a machine boots, users
5923 are shown the same page as a welcome page when they log in for the
5924 first time.</p>
5925
5926 <p>The LDAP object dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no have an attribute
5927 labeledURI with "http://www/ LDAP for Debian Edu/Skolelinux" as the
5928 default content.  By changing this value to another URL, all users get
5929 to see the page behind this new URL.</p>
5930
5931 <p>An easy way to update it is by using the ldapvi tool.  It can be
5932 called as "<tt>ldapvi -ZD '(cn=admin)'</tt>' to update LDAP with the
5933 new setting.</p>
5934
5935 <p>We have written the code to adjust the default start page and show
5936 the welcome page, and I wonder if there is an easier way to do this
5937 from within Iceweasel instead.</p>
5938
5939       </div>
5940       <div class="tags">
5941
5942
5943         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
5944
5945
5946       </div>
5947     </div>
5948     <div class="padding"></div>
5949
5950     <div class="entry">
5951       <div class="title">
5952         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_beta_version_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Second beta version of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
5953       </div>
5954       <div class="date">
5955          7th January 2012
5956       </div>
5957       <div class="body">
5958         <p>I am happy to announce that today we managed to wrap up and publish
5959 the second beta version of
5960 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>.  If
5961 you want to test a LDAP backed Kerberos server with out of the box PXE
5962 configuration for running diskless machines and installing new
5963 machines, check it out.  If you need a software solution for your
5964 school, check it out too.  The full announcement is
5965 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/01/msg00000.html">available</a>
5966 on the project announcement list.</p>
5967
5968       </div>
5969       <div class="tags">
5970
5971
5972         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5973
5974
5975       </div>
5976     </div>
5977     <div class="padding"></div>
5978
5979     <div class="entry">
5980       <div class="title">
5981         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fixing_an_hanging_debian_installer_for_Debian_Edu.html">Fixing an hanging debian installer for Debian Edu</a>
5982       </div>
5983       <div class="date">
5984          3rd January 2012
5985       </div>
5986       <div class="body">
5987         <p>During christmas, I have been working getting the next version of
5988 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> ready
5989 for release.  The initial problem I looked at was particularly
5990 interesting.</p>
5991
5992 <P>The installer would hang at the end when it was doing it
5993 post-installation configuration, and whatevery I did to try to find
5994 the cause and fix it always worked while I tested it, but never when I
5995 integrated it into the installer and ran the installation from
5996 scratch.  I would try to restart processes, close file descriptors,
5997 remove or create files, and the installer would always unblock and
5998 wrap up its tasks.</p>
5999
6000 <p>Eventually the cause was found.  The kernel was simply running out
6001 of entropy, causing the Kerberos setup to hang waiting for more.
6002 Pressing keys was adding entropy to the kernel, and thus all my tries
6003 to fix the problem worked not because what I was typing to fix it, but
6004 because I was typing.</P>
6005
6006 <p>The fix I implemented was to add a background process looking at
6007 the level of entropy in the kernel (by checking
6008 /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail), and if it was too small, the
6009 installer will flush the kernel file buffers and do 'find /' to
6010 generate some disk IO.  Disk IO generate entropy in the kernel, and is
6011 one of the few things that can be initated from within the system to
6012 generate entropy.</p>
6013
6014 <p>The fix is in
6015 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/Installation">beta1
6016 of the Debian Edu/Squeeze</a> version, and we
6017 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu">welcome more testers and
6018 developers</a>.  We plan to release beta2 this weekend.</p>
6019
6020       </div>
6021       <div class="tags">
6022
6023
6024         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6025
6026
6027       </div>
6028     </div>
6029     <div class="padding"></div>
6030
6031     <div class="entry">
6032       <div class="title">
6033         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Peter_Hansteen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Peter Hansteen</a>
6034       </div>
6035       <div class="date">
6036         11th December 2011
6037       </div>
6038       <div class="body">
6039         <p>Etter en lang pause er det klart for neste mann ut i min serie med
6040 intervjuer av
6041 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-relaterte personer.
6042
6043 Denne gangen har jeg besøk av et avtroppende styremedlem i
6044 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, og en mann
6045 som har vært aktiv i Linux-miljøet i Bergen siden 90-tallet.</p>
6046
6047 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6048
6049 <p>Jeg heter Peter Hansteen, og jobber til daglig som seniorkonsulent
6050 i EDB ErgoGroup i Bergen.  I praksis betyr det systemadministrasjon på
6051 Unix (primært Solaris, men en viss komponent av Linux).  Men Solaris
6052 er for meg et relativt nytt bekjentskap, hovedplattformen min har
6053 generelt vært OpenBSD og til dels FreeBSD.</p>
6054
6055 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6056
6057 <p>Jeg husker ikke helt alle detaljene mer ;) - men jeg tror det var
6058 gjennom news-gruppen no.it.os.unix.linux.diverse, efn-listen og
6059 etterhvert også BLUG-miljøet her i Bergen.  Vi hadde et par
6060 Skolelinux-sentrerte BLUG-møter for noen år siden, og det har vært et
6061 par Skolelinux-utviklersamlinger her.</p>
6062
6063 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6064
6065 <p>Jeg bruker dessverre ikke Skolelinux daglig. Men slik jeg kjenner
6066 prosjektet har det vært i stand til å ta opp i seg det beste av fri
6067 programvare i mange kategorier, så fra et sysadmin-perspektiv ser det
6068 ut som en svært behagelig sak.  For brukerne er det vel både en fordel
6069 og en ulempe at det ikke er Windows. Men vi håper at fordelene med et
6070 fritt system etterhvert vil bli åpenbare for både elever, lærekrefter
6071 og foreldre.</p>
6072
6073 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6074
6075 <p>Vel, ulempen er vel først og fremst at andre aktører med mer
6076 kapitalmuskel har klart å etablere seg som det både lærere og foreldre
6077 føler seg trygge på, selv om det etter mitt hode ikke er noen grunn
6078 til å være spesielt trygg på de kommersielle alternativene.</p>
6079
6080 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6081
6082 <p>Når jeg får bestemme helt selv, bruker jeg kun fri programvare. Da
6083 helst med vekt på ting som kjører greit på OpenBSD.  Hjemme er det
6084 OpenBSD, Ubuntu eller FreeBSD vi bruker.  På skrivebordet er det en
6085 avveining mellom Gnome, KDE eller hva-det-nå-heter som er
6086 standardvalget i Ubuntu, ellers er det de kjente tingene som
6087 LibreOffice, Emacs, mplayer.  På server er det selvfølgelig Apache,
6088 for overvåking både OpenNMS og Nagios (det bare ble sånn, og
6089 forskjellige siter).  Jeg skriver til tider om slikt jeg holder på med
6090 på
6091 <a href="http://bsdly.blogspot.com">http://bsdly.blogspot.com</a>.</p>
6092
6093 <p>Men vi må nevne at selv vi har en Microsoft-ting som vi slår på når
6094 vi av en eller annen grunn må. Det betyr igjen vanligvis når en
6095 mobiltelefon eller en annen lukket elektronisk dings krever kontakt
6096 via en slik for å få oppdateringene sine.</p>
6097
6098 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6099 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6100
6101 <p>Hadde vi hatt det rette svaret på det spørsmålet, så hadde vi
6102 gjerne hatt Skolelinux som førstevalg på alle skoler ;)</p>
6103
6104 <p>Men jeg tror vi må legge vekt på flere forskjellige ting.  En helt
6105 sentral sak er å fokusere på fri programvare og åpne standarder som de
6106 demokratiske verdiene de faktisk er.  Det har kanskje kommet litt for
6107 mye i bakgrunnen i forhold til strevet etter å lage det mest mulig
6108 'brukervennlige' systemet.  Det er en tung vei å gå, så det er
6109 forståelig at freenix-aktivister heller velger å skrive kode og annet
6110 som er mer lystbetont. Mer praktisk tror jeg vi må gjøre i alle fall
6111 to ting: For det første sørge for å fortsette med å levere det best
6112 mulige frie produktet, slik at det er lett å både komme i gang og
6113 holde systemene i daglig drift, og for det andre 2) spore opp mulige
6114 aktivister der de finnes, via lokale brukergrupper, sosiale medier
6115 eller annet og sørge for at de fortsetter å være aktive.  Mer og
6116 mindre uformelle treff kan være nyttig i tillegg til de mer
6117 organiserte møtene med foredrag, konferanser og utviklersamlinger.</p>
6118
6119       </div>
6120       <div class="tags">
6121
6122
6123         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6124
6125
6126       </div>
6127     </div>
6128     <div class="padding"></div>
6129
6130     <div class="entry">
6131       <div class="title">
6132         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Frode_Jemtland.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Frode Jemtland</a>
6133       </div>
6134       <div class="date">
6135         27th July 2011
6136       </div>
6137       <div class="body">
6138         <p>Neste mann ut i min serie med intervjuer av Skolelinux-relaterte
6139 personer er en tidligere styreleder i
6140 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a> som var med
6141 fra starten av
6142 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-prosjektet.</p>
6143
6144 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6145
6146 <p>Mitt navn er Frode Jemtland, og jeg jobber i Hedmark IKT, som er et
6147 driftsselskap for Grue, Hamar, Kongsvinger, Løten, Nord-Odal og Stange
6148 kommuner. Her er jeg leder for avdelingen Løsninger og Arkitektur. Vi
6149 har i hovedansvar for servere, infrastruktur og løsninger som
6150 helhet.</p>
6151
6152 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6153
6154 <p>Jobbet i IBM fra 2000, og da spesielt med Linux. Dette var da et av
6155 de mest tydelige linux prosjektene i Norge, og her ønsket jeg å
6156 bidra. Var aktivt med i prosjektet i 4-5 år.</p>
6157
6158 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6159
6160 <p>Fordelene slik jeg ser det er den sentraliserte driftmodellen, og
6161 alle de vel gjennomtenkte løsningene som er inkludert i denne
6162 løsningen. Samtidig er det basert på en stabil, og godt kjent
6163 plattform. Dette vil si at man har en løsning som skal være mye
6164 tilgjengelig, og hvor det er relativt enkelt å få tak i personer som
6165 kan mye om den grunnleggende plattformen.</p>
6166
6167 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6168
6169 <p>De største utfordringene med en løsningen er at den er intensiv på f.eks
6170 nettverk. I seg selv ikke et problem for en enkelt skole, men skal løsningen
6171 kjøres i større skala, med sentraliserte servere, så gir dette noen
6172 utfordringer.</p>
6173
6174 <p>Utifra hva jeg har sett på større installasjoner så er det ikke så
6175 enkelt å skjønne, hva som bør gjøres for at den skal skaleres opp, og
6176 da ta godt vare på alle sider av dette, ikke bare mer server å fordele
6177 last/trykk, men hvordan også beholde robustheten og fleksibiliteten i
6178 løsningen.</p>
6179
6180 <p>En annen utfordring er at stadig flere produkter som skal brukes i
6181 skoleløsningen ikke er laget til å kunne brukes i en
6182 skolelinuxløsning. Det blir derfor fort mye skreddersøm i de
6183 forskjellige installasjonene, for å få diverse pedagogiske programmer,
6184 webløsninger, smartboards, m.m. til å fungere.  Man er også en for
6185 liten kundebase til at leverandørene ønsker å gjøre noe med
6186 utfordringen. Problemet overlates til oss.</p>
6187
6188 <p>Det er også en kontinuerlig utfordring rundt problemet med å holde
6189 programvare på stabile versjoner, kontra å få ny funksjonalitet. Dette
6190 er jo en konflikt mellom oss som ønsker å drifte en stabil, og
6191 kostnadseffektiv løsning, mot sluttbrukerne som ønsker seg funksjoner
6192 det er vant med fra andre løsninger, eller som de må ha for at et
6193 eller annet nytt produkt skal fungere i løsningen. Dette er en
6194 utfordring også for andre plattformer.</p>
6195
6196 <p>En siste utfordring som ikke har noe med løsningen å gjøre, men med
6197 det omkringliggende miljøet denne skal kjøre i, er at de enhetene som
6198 skal drifte dataløsninger for kommuner og fylkeskommuner begynner å
6199 profesjonaliseres, og er da avhengig av å ha standard løsninger for å
6200 drifte store brukermasser. MS er selvsagt klar over dette, og har jo
6201 nå flere områder de begynner å bli veldig dominerende på. Den største,
6202 og mest problematiske er katalogtjenesten.  Man får snart ikke tak i
6203 større løsninger som ikke krever en AD. Når man da har store enheter
6204 som drifter både kommunalt ansatte og skoler, så vil det være et
6205 stordriftargument å standardisere på en katalog tjeneste, og da har
6206 man ikke noe valg. Her er alle slike driftsenheter for små til å få
6207 gjort om på dette. Her burde konkurransemyndighetene kommet på
6208 banen. Men konkurransetilsynet i USA griper sjeldent (og ikke før det
6209 har gått veldig lang tid) inn i monopolsituasjoner så lenge
6210 monopolisten er et amerikansk firma, så da har vel ikke andre
6211 myndigheter så mye de skulle ha sagt....</p>
6212
6213 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6214
6215 <p>Privat kjører jeg Debian på alle mine datamaskiner. Det gjør jeg
6216 også på min jobbmaskin. Vi har også 15-20 linux servere av typene
6217 SuSE, Debian, Redhat, CentOS m.m. Jeg bruker derfor mye fri
6218 programvare. Av enkelt programmer kan sikkert masse nevnes. Hvis vi
6219 skal begrense oss til daglig, så må jeg si: OpenOffice, Firefox,
6220 Kontact, Kopete, Amarok,
6221 <a href="http://gramps-project.org/">Gramps</a>, Kate, ssh, bash,
6222 rsync, backuppc m.m.</p>
6223
6224 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6225 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6226
6227 <p>Det er et godt spørsmål, som jeg har lurt på selv.</p>
6228
6229 <p>Argumentene som ofte har vært brukt om at ting koster mindre holder
6230 ikke mål når man ser på hva som faktisk koster penger. Det er de
6231 ansatte som er en kostnadsdriver. Det vil si at hvis man har et system
6232 som den ansatte kan, så vil en kostnad på dette systemet kunne
6233 forsvares ganske mye ved at den ansatte gjør dette raskere og
6234 effektivt. Også uten å måtte eventuelt leie inn folk.</p>
6235
6236 <p>Jeg syns det er viktigere å fokusere på prinsippet med å velge fri
6237 programvare, men det er også et felt hvor man fort møter lite
6238 forståelse blant de ansatte i skolen.</p>
6239
6240 <p>Her må nok strategien fortsette å være at de sentrale myndighetene
6241 må sende tydelige signaler for hva de ønsker at offentlige enheter
6242 skal gjøre. Det var mye positivt på gang ang. dette for et par år
6243 siden. Både med eNorge og eKommune planene, men dette syns jeg har
6244 stoppet opp. En del av dette kan jo kanskje være usikkerheten som
6245 etter hvert har blitt, når man har sett kompleksiteten i de
6246 prosjektene som har blitt igangsatt. Det har også blitt noe usikkerhet
6247 i markedet ref. Sun, Oracle, Novell, Microsoft m.m.  Samtidig har jo
6248 også de proprietære programleverandørene sørget for å endre sine
6249 lisenser slik at man uansett ikke slipper unna kostnaden til deres
6250 produkter, selv om man skulle velge alternativer. Da er det økonomiske
6251 argumentet, som jeg nevnte tidligere, spilt ganske godt ut over
6252 sidelinjen.</p>
6253
6254       </div>
6255       <div class="tags">
6256
6257
6258         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6259
6260
6261       </div>
6262     </div>
6263     <div class="padding"></div>
6264
6265     <div class="entry">
6266       <div class="title">
6267         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Marius_Kotsbak.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Marius Kotsbak</a>
6268       </div>
6269       <div class="date">
6270         10th April 2011
6271       </div>
6272       <div class="body">
6273         <p>Neste mann ut er Marius Kotsbak, styremedlem i
6274 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a> og mangeårig
6275 bidragsyter i
6276 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-prosjektet.</p>
6277
6278 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6279
6280 <p>Jeg er en systemutvikler/kybernetiker og jobber med dette til
6281 daglig. På fritiden tester jeg ut/bruker mye fri programvare, og
6282 bidrar med testing og utvikling når jeg ser stort nok behov for det og
6283 jeg har noe å bidra med.</p>
6284
6285 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6286
6287 <p>Hmm, det er lenge siden, så det er nesten så jeg ikke husker. Jeg
6288 hadde vel hørt om prosjektet i media før en gjeng i Trondheim startet
6289 opp SPIST, Skolelinux-prosjektet i Sør-Trøndelag, hvor vi hjalp noen
6290 skoler i nærområdet med å installere Skolelinux og finne brukt
6291 IT-utstyr til disse. Det var moro å gjøre noe praktisk for å spre
6292 Skolelinux, og å se hvor fort gjort det var å sette opp utrangerte
6293 klientmaskiner og få disse opp som tynnklienter på helt nye datasaler
6294 på skolene, kun med kostnaden til servere.</p>
6295
6296 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6297
6298 <p>Det er et system spesielt skreddersydd for drift av et stort antall
6299 klienter mot servere, og da spesielt i henhold til skolers behov.  Det
6300 er enkelt og billig å installere og drifte, og det trenger ikke ny
6301 maskinvare for god ytelse.</p>
6302
6303 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6304
6305 <p>Hardwarestøtten kunne vært bedre og i enda større grad
6306 installerbart rett ut av boksen.  Distribusjonen har til tider hatt
6307 litt gammel programvare pga. at den følger Debian sine utgivelser.
6308 Kanskje man skulle vurdert en versjon basert på Ubuntu eller andre
6309 distribusjoner i tillegg?</p>
6310
6311 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6312
6313 <p>Oi, det er ikke lite. Her er det jeg kommer på i farta.  Jeg bruker
6314 Linux og Ubuntu, og på Ubuntu programene Firefox, Thunderbird,
6315 Chromium, Pidgin, Digikam, OpenOffice, Wireshark, git og irssi.
6316 Telefonen min er en Android, og der bruker jeg programmene K-9 Mail,
6317 OI Shopping list, Shuffle, ZXing, OI Notepad og ADW Desktop.  På jobb
6318 bruker jeg JBoss, Eclipse, uCLinux for Blackfin, RCF-CPP, Qt, Maven,
6319 og boost-bibliotekene for C++.</p>
6320
6321 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6322 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6323
6324 <p>En bør fokusere på totalkostnader inkludert driftsbehov,
6325 fleksibilitet, åpenhet og ikke låsing til en leverandør framfor sparte
6326 lisenskostnader, samt programvarens kvalitet og fortrinn, og at den
6327 fritt kan brukes på et ubegrenset antall PC-er, også hjemme hos
6328 elevene.  En bør også forbedre den fri programvaren ved testing,
6329 bugrapportering og kodebidrag om man kan, og ikke anbefale programvare
6330 uten at man har forsikret seg at den har tilstrekkelig kvalitet,
6331 ellers kan man lett oppnå det motsatte.  Tror en bør selge inn
6332 konseptet til fylkes-/statsnivå, kanskje med bidrag til
6333 utviklingsarbeid fra disse som alle landets skoler kan få glede
6334 av.</p>
6335
6336       </div>
6337       <div class="tags">
6338
6339
6340         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6341
6342
6343       </div>
6344     </div>
6345     <div class="padding"></div>
6346
6347     <div class="entry">
6348       <div class="title">
6349         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Odin_Hetland_N_sen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Odin Hetland Nøsen</a>
6350       </div>
6351       <div class="date">
6352         28th March 2011
6353       </div>
6354       <div class="body">
6355         <p>Mine bloggposter om Linux i skolene i Norge førte til at inspektør
6356 og ildsjel på Harestad skole tok kontakt og fortalte at de bruker
6357 Linux på sin skole, og lurte på om de kunne bidra til å gjøre
6358 fordelene kjent.  Riktig nok bruker de ikke
6359 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> på denne skolen,
6360 men jeg synes dette er en god anledning til å gjøre flere fasetter
6361 rundt Linux-økosystemet kjent, og tok et lite intervju.</p>
6362
6363 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6364
6365 <p>Mitt navn er Odin Hetland Nøsen og er en 70-modell. Jeg er bosatt i
6366 Stavanger og jobber nå på 9. året som undervisninginspektør på
6367 Harestad skole i Randaberg kommune (nabokommune til Stavanger).</p>
6368
6369 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6370
6371 <p>I 2002 begynte daværende IKT-ansvarlige og jeg et arbeid på skolen
6372 med å gå over fra Win98 til... noe annet. Vi testet en rekke
6373 forskjellige løsninger, deriblant Skolelinux, men endte opp med
6374 RedHat. Skolelinux var den gang ikke modent for det vi ville ha.  Jeg
6375 har siden fulgt jevnlig med på hva skolelinux holder på med, men har
6376 hele tiden vært bedre fornøyd med vår egen "standardiserte" løsning på
6377 RedHat/CentOS og Fedora. Vi snuser for tiden på Ubuntu som løsning på
6378 klientsiden.</p>
6379
6380 <p>I dag har vi på skolen vår en større linux-løsning med 400 klienter
6381 som kjører en blanding av LTSP (tynnklient) og DRBL (tykk klient uten
6382 harddisk) med en masse tjenere på serverrommet. Vi drifter hele
6383 sulamitten selv med webtjener, eposttjener, webmail, filtjenere,
6384 virtuelle tjenere osv.  Og IT-ansvarlig har en 80% stilling som
6385 IT-ansvarlig - og så er han KoH-lærer i de resterende 20% :-)</p>
6386
6387 <p>Du kan få en ide om hva vi holder på med om du går inn på
6388 <a href="http://www.gnuskole.no/">http://www.gnuskole.no/</a>.</p>
6389
6390 <p>For å ta brodden av frykten for at ildsjeler gjør skolen sårbar om
6391 ildsjelene falle fra, har jeg forsikret kommunen og skolesjefen i
6392 Randaberg om at det finnes godt kommersielle tjenester vi kan benytte
6393 oss av - om det skulle bli nødvendig. Vi er tre stykker i kommunen som
6394 nå har <strong>god</strong> linux-kompetanse ift. å drifte et større
6395 system.  IT-avdelingen i kommunen vil ikke ta på oss med ildtang -
6396 selv om vi nok har større IT-kompetanse mot linux enn det de selv har
6397 mot windows (de kjøper en <strong>masse</strong> konsulenttjenester
6398 fra ErgoGroup).</p>
6399
6400 <p>I kvantitet er Harestad og Grødem skole tilsammen et større
6401 IT-system enn resten av Randaberg kommune + Kvitsøy og Rennesøy, som
6402 kommunen også har driftsansvar for.  Vi har som sagt rundt 800
6403 maskiner, mens kommunen med sitt driftsansvar har ansvar for rundt 500
6404 maskiner. Det er selvfølgelig litt forskjell i hvor kritiske
6405 tjenestene våre er, men det gir allikevel et litt rart bilde når
6406 IT-avdelingen overhode ikke er interessert i å snakke med oss om
6407 hvordan vi gjør ting :-)</p>
6408
6409 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6410
6411 <p>Fra linux-perspektivet (ikke bare Skolelinux) er det en fordel av
6412 systemet er basert på fri programvare - og dermed fritt i ordets mange
6413 betydninger. Det er alt vi trenger: stabilt, relativt enkelt å drifte
6414 (tross alt - et større windowssystem er ikke enkelt å holde live det
6415 heller), rimelig i innkjøp og drift, og sist, men ikke minst, det er
6416 moderne for sluttbruker! Linux, i sine mange varianter,
6417 <strong>ser</strong> nytt ut, fordi det hele tiden blir
6418 oppdatert. Derfor lever systemet opp til hvordan elever forventer at
6419 et moderne GUI skal være (i motsetning til WinXP :-).</p>
6420
6421 <p>Vi var veldig pragmatiske da vi begynte med linux i skolen. Det var
6422 billig, det fungerte og kunne bruke alle de gamle windows-maskinene
6423 som "nye" tynne klienter.  I dag er vi mer bevisste fri
6424 programvare-tilhengere.  Vi har oppdaget hva det er - og vi liker
6425 det!</p>
6426
6427 <p>En av de <strong>store</strong> fordelene med fri programvare er at
6428 vi kan installere tjenester vi ønsker å tilby brukerne våre - uten å
6429 måtte tenke på om vi har råd til lisensene (fordi det er ingen). Alt
6430 vi setter i produksjon er ut i fra brukernes behov og vår kapasitet
6431 til å drifte dem. Vi skreddersyr tjenestene etter behovet og dermed
6432 trenger vi ikke ende opp med å kjøpe en pakke der vi egentlig bare var
6433 interessert i en liten del av den.</p>
6434
6435 <p>Bruk av linux frigjør ikke økonomiske midler, fordi midlene til IKT
6436 i skole er for få i utgangspunktet - men vi får så
6437 <strong>mye</strong> mer igjen for dem når vi bruker en linux-løsning
6438 fremfor en windows-løsning. I praksis ser vi at vi måtte ut med det
6439 dobbelte på budsjettet vårt om vi skulle hatt en tilsvarende
6440 windows-løsning, som det vi i dag drifter med linux.</p>
6441
6442 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6443
6444 <p>Ikke all pedagogisk programvare er tilgjengelig. Det er en del
6445 programvare i skolen som er laget med utviklerverktøy som bare virker
6446 i windows, f.eks. Drillpro, LingDys/LingWrite. Det er også
6447 "programmer" som bare virker om du har tilgang til Microsoft Office,
6448 f.eks. AskiRaski.</p>
6449
6450 <p>Vi sliter også litt med at video-codecer ikke alltid er like lett å
6451 få opp å gå på klientene. Det er alltid en eller annen videosnutt fra
6452 nrk.no som ikke er så samarbeidsvillig, uansett mediaplayer.</p>
6453
6454 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6455
6456 <p>Alt :-) På skolen bruker vi det som finnes og som er nyttig. Det vi
6457 bruker mest er Firefox (jobber med Chrome, fordi det er
6458 <strong>mye</strong> raskere med Flash enn Firefox), OpenOffice (skal
6459 over til LibreOffice), GIMP osv. Standardpakken av
6460 sluttbrukerprogrammer.</p>
6461
6462 <p>På tjenernivå bruker vi OpenWebMail (skal over til Zimbra), Exim
6463 osv.</p>
6464
6465 <p>Personlig bruker jeg de fleste programmer over flere plattformer,
6466 men jeg har lagt meg til en vane å prioritere bruken av fri
6467 programvare også i Windows 7 og OSX.</p>
6468
6469 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6470 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6471
6472 <p>Jeg er langt i fra sikker. For det første handler det mye om at
6473 IKT-avdelingen i kommunen ofte er de som styrer hva som er IKT på
6474 skolene - og de liker å bruke avtalene med Microsoft, som de garantert
6475 har fra før.  Dessuten - Select 6-avtalen til skolene gjør Microsoft
6476 skvettbillig.</p>
6477
6478 <p>Vi la vekt på effektiv drift av systemet - og at vi kunne øke
6479 antall maskiner uten å måtte øke budsjett for utstyr eller personell
6480 særlig mye, enn om vi hadde gått for en Microsoft-løsning. I praksis
6481 ser vi at en ren linux-installasjon driftes til halve prisen av en
6482 Microsoft-løsning.</p>
6483
6484 <p>Vi har i praksis også sett at det lærerne (og elevene) liker er at
6485 vi tilbyr <strong>veldig</strong> mange tjenester som ikke er så
6486 vanlige i en Microsoft-løsning. Det er ikke så vanlig at
6487 <strong>elevene</strong> også har epost, hjemmekontor osv. Det har vi
6488 også brukt som et vellykket argument mot Microsoft.</p>
6489
6490 <p>Den beste måten er selvfølgelig at noen bare bestemmer
6491 det. Problemet er å få dem som har makt til å bestemme det til faktisk
6492 å gjøre det ;-)</p>
6493
6494       </div>
6495       <div class="tags">
6496
6497
6498         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6499
6500
6501       </div>
6502     </div>
6503     <div class="padding"></div>
6504
6505     <div class="entry">
6506       <div class="title">
6507         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Astri_Sletteng.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Astri Sletteng</a>
6508       </div>
6509       <div class="date">
6510         27th February 2011
6511       </div>
6512       <div class="body">
6513         <p>En dame som har bidratt lenge til fri programvare i skoleverket og
6514 i foreningen som organiserer skolelinux-utviklersamlinger,
6515 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, er neste
6516 intervjuoffer.  Det er en glede å her presentere en lærer fra Håkvik.</p>
6517
6518 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6519
6520 <p>Jeg heter Astri Sletteng. Jeg er lærer og IKT veileder ved Håkvik
6521 skole i Narvik kommune.  Min bakgrunn når det gjelder IKT: Av formell
6522 utdannelse har jeg lærerutdanning, Master i skoleledelse og IKT for
6523 lærere. Har jobba som IKT veileder siden 2002.</p>
6524
6525 <p>Det viktigste for meg som IKT veileder er å få fundamentert den
6526 5. basisferdigheten, digital kompetanse ved skolen min på en god måte
6527 slik at hele skolesamfunnet tar i bruk IKT i alle fag. Dette arbeidet
6528 gjøres i nært samarbeid med skolens ledelse.</p>
6529
6530 <p>Min viktigste jobb som IKT veileder er å være motivator og pådriver
6531 i IKT arbeidet ved skolen.</p>
6532
6533 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6534
6535 <p>Jobber i en kommune hvor vi satser på Fri programvare. I 2004 ble
6536 det gjort et politisk vedtak om at vi skulle innføre Skolelinux ved
6537 alle skolene i kommunen. Jeg har dermed en god del erfaring med
6538 Skolelinux, samt annen fri programvare som Open Office, Joomla, Moodle
6539 etc.</p>
6540
6541 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6542
6543 <p>Siden vi jobber med åpen kildekode kan vi få programmene og
6544 produktene tilpasset vår bruk. Det er jo heller ikke en ulempe at
6545 skolen kommer bedre ut økonomisk, men først og fremst er det viktig
6546 for oss at vi har digitale systemer som gjør at vi kan følge
6547 læreplanen i alle fag. Det syns jeg at vi kan gjøre gjennom
6548 Skolelinux.</p>
6549
6550 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6551
6552 <p>Skolen er avhengige av å ha folk på IT avdelinga i kommunen som kan
6553 drive support, og være tilgjengelige når vi trenger hjelp. Det er en
6554 ulempe at ikke alle på denne avdelingen nødvendigvis er god på
6555 Linux.</p>
6556
6557 <p>Vi har også noen utfordringer når det kommer til spesielle
6558 programmer som enkelte elever er avhengige av ? og som ikke er
6559 plattform uavhengige. Her har vi i Friprog-verden, men også
6560 departement en jobb å gjøre.</p>
6561
6562 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6563
6564 <p>Skolen vår bruker Skolelinux, Open Office, Iceweazel (Mozilla),
6565 VLC, Tux paint, Scribus, FreeMind, GIMP, digiKam, Ksnapshot, GeoGebra,
6566 Moodle (innført på alle klassetrinn + som et administrativt verktøy)
6567 og Joomla som hjemmeside.<p>
6568
6569 <p>Det er de jeg kommer på i farten. I tillegg har vi Smartboard
6570 installert på server, men det regnes vel ikke som fri programvare?</p>
6571
6572 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6573 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6574
6575 <p>Først og fremst trenger skolen oppetider på sine datasystemer. Syns
6576 også at det at vi kan få tilpasset plattform og systemer til vår bruk
6577 er en god strategi å bruke.</p>
6578
6579       </div>
6580       <div class="tags">
6581
6582
6583         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6584
6585
6586       </div>
6587     </div>
6588     <div class="padding"></div>
6589
6590     <div class="entry">
6591       <div class="title">
6592         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Rub_n_Romero_y_Cordero.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Rubén Romero y Cordero</a>
6593       </div>
6594       <div class="date">
6595         16th February 2011
6596       </div>
6597       <div class="body">
6598         <p>Styret i foreningen som organiserer skolelinux-utviklersamlinger,
6599 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, er fullt av
6600 flinke folk.  Denne gangen har jeg fått et ferskt styremedlem som
6601 kommer fra Ubuntu-miljøet i tale.</p>
6602
6603 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6604
6605 <p>Rubén Romero y Cordero, 81-modell, deltidspappa (50%) for en jente
6606 på 6 år. Jobber i Oslo som Global Sales Executive hos Varnish Software
6607 og til daglig har jeg kontakt med kunder fra hele verden. Min
6608 forkjærlighet for fri programvare har gjort at jeg har nå flere års
6609 erfaring med salg av slike løsninger (bl.a. fra Redpill Linpro og
6610 Freecode) og mye innsikt og kunnskap om det globale IT-markedet.
6611 Ellers er jeg involvert i flere prosjekter bl.a. er jeg Ubuntu
6612 Community medlem, kontaktpersonen for Ubuntu Norge og driveren av
6613 SpreadUbuntu marketing prosjektet og nå fersk styremedlem i FRISK. Jeg
6614 har brukt GNU/Linux siden 1997.</p>
6615
6616 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6617
6618 <p>Som Debian bruker siden slutten av 90-tallet var det uunngåelig å
6619 ikke komme bort i Skolelinux. Dette var vel i slutten av 2001 når jeg
6620 var student ved UiO. Flere år senere fikk jeg lastet og testet Venus
6621 (Skolelinux 1.0) på release dagen.</p>
6622
6623 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6624
6625 <p>Fri programvare bygges sten for sten i det åpne, slik at koden og
6626 prosessen den lages på kan gjennomskues av andre enn de som har laget
6627 det. Det er et vitenskapelig og gjennomsiktig måte å lage programvare
6628 på.</p>
6629
6630 <p>Skoler i vårt samfunn skal være steder hvor vitenskapelig kunnskap
6631 deles til alle.  I dag har vi ikke et vitenskapelig tilnærming til
6632 hvordan programvaren som brukes på skolen lages. Skolelinux bringer
6633 inn at slik tilnærming i skoleverkets klasserom, siden
6634 operativsystemet er en åpent platform som gir skolene muligheten til å
6635 dra nytte av programvare som er laget av tusenvis av mennesker verden
6636 rundt og som gir elevene så vel som lærerne muligheten til å bruke,
6637 dele, forandre og forbedre OSet sitt uten begrensninger. I den
6638 forbindelsen representerer Skolelinux også konkrete resultater utfra
6639 samhandling på tvers av grenser.</p>
6640
6641 <p>Når det gjelder de tekniske fordelene av Skolelinux er jeg sikker
6642 på at andre enn meg har allerede beskrevet disse bedre enn det jeg
6643 kan.  Men jeg kan likevel tilføye noe: Skolelinux som sådan er en
6644 community-drevet operativsystemplatform. Som i ethvert
6645 community-prosjekt har alle Skolelinux brukere muligheten til å
6646 påvirke retning av prosjektet og resultatet som gjenspeiles i
6647 programvaren. Dette kommer sjeldent frem og jeg mener at det er noe
6648 som burde fokuseres mer på.</p>
6649
6650 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6651
6652 <p>De største ulempene er:</p>
6653
6654 <ul>
6655 <li>Mangel på kompetanse</li>
6656 <li>Mangel av administrative verktøy som kunne hjelpe lokale IT
6657   avdelinger å bruke Skolelinux til mer enn bare en tjener for
6658   terminalklienter. Et eksempel: Zentyal sin web-dashboard.</li>
6659 </ul>
6660
6661 <p>Bedre og mer intuitive administrative verktøy kunne løst deler av
6662 problemet, men det er unektelig at ved bruk av Skolelinux må
6663 IT-personalet vite hva de gjør for å få ting gjort riktig, eller i det
6664 hele tatt. Med andre platformer er kompetansen enklere tilgjengelig og
6665 løsningene kan fungere på en tilfredstillende, om ikke riktig
6666 måte.</p>
6667
6668 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6669
6670 <p>Har brukt GNU/Linux utelukkende sommitt skrivebord OS siden 2000. I
6671 dag bruker jeg Ubuntu og gjør det meste med friprogramvare verktøyene
6672 som er tilgjengelige der. Med over 20.000 programmer å velge mellom er
6673 dette mer enn nok for de fleste brukerne.</p>
6674
6675 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6676 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6677
6678 <p>Opplysning og pragmatikk.  Vi prøver å løse problemer med bruk av
6679 programvare. De fleste utfordringene skolene har på IKT-siden kan
6680 løses ved hjelp av friprogramvareverktøy i dag. Det som trenges er
6681 opplysning, kunnskap og kompetanse.</p>
6682
6683       </div>
6684       <div class="tags">
6685
6686
6687         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6688
6689
6690       </div>
6691     </div>
6692     <div class="padding"></div>
6693
6694     <div class="entry">
6695       <div class="title">
6696         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Morten_Amundsen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Morten Amundsen</a>
6697       </div>
6698       <div class="date">
6699         23rd January 2011
6700       </div>
6701       <div class="body">
6702         <p>Denne gangen er det Tromsøkontoret til Friprog-senteret, og nyvalgt
6703 styremedlem i <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen
6704 FRISK</a> jeg har fått i tale i min intervjuserie med
6705 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-folk.</p>
6706
6707 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6708
6709 <p>Jeg heter Morten Amundsen og jobber i
6710 <a href="http://www.friprog.no/">Friprog.no</a>, men er for tiden leid
6711 ut til <a href="http://www.bredbandsfylket.no/">Bredbåndsfylket
6712 Troms</a> der jeg jobber med ett prosjekt som heter
6713 "<a href="http://www.bredbandsfylket.no/skolefjoela.157417.no.html">Skolefjøla</a>"
6714 Vi ser på en åpen løsning som integrerer eksisterende lukkete
6715 løsninger sammen med fri programvare. Målet er å gi elever og lærere
6716 en plattform som de kan tilpasse utfra behov.</p>
6717
6718 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6719
6720 <p>Skolelinux har jeg møtt ved flere anledninger opp gjennom åra, både gjennom
6721 entusiastiske skolelinuxbrukere og skeptiske "forståsegpåere" :-)</p>
6722
6723 <p>Jeg husker en leverandør av et stort OS for noen år siden mente at
6724 Skolelinux var kun for hackere og nerder og at ingen seriøse skoler
6725 kunne ta dette i bruk.  Heldigvis er kunnskapen større nå og
6726 skikkelige "IT-folk" søker alltid å utvide sin kunnskap.
6727
6728 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6729
6730 <p>Ja det er mange fordeler. Uavhengighet, stabilitet, åpenhet, standarder
6731 osv. Tror det er viktig at man ikke begrenser mulighetene på den plattformen
6732 elevene skal jobbe.</p>
6733
6734 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6735
6736 <p>Det største hinderet er det vi opplever på andre områder rundt
6737 fri programvare, nemlig kunnskap. For mange er det trygt å velge det vi
6738 alltid har valgt. Fordi leverandørene rundt oss sitter på den kunnskapen og
6739 de vi støtter oss på har den samme.  Hvis vi klarer å riste løs litt og
6740 glemme gamle kriger mellom operativsystemer og  leverandører, men sette ned
6741 hva som er viktig og velge ut fra det, så hadde man kanskje kommet ut med
6742 litt andre resultat. Jeg tror IT-folk er konservative og velger tradisjonelt
6743 og det er synd.</p>
6744
6745 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6746
6747 <p>Jeg bruker Ubuntu, Android, Jolicloud, Open Office, Zimbra, Picasa
6748 og Firefox samt en bråte med tjenester som er webbasert. Det eneste
6749 som er betalingslisens for er OSX.  Ser at jeg jobber mer og mer i
6750 skyen og setter pris på alt jeg slipper egen klient til.  Derfor er
6751 jeg veldig sjarmert av små kjappe operativsystemer som krever minimalt
6752 av maskinvaren.</p>
6753
6754 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6755 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6756
6757 <p>Tror en blanding av krav og informasjon er veien å gå. Krav om
6758 sikkerhet, oppetid og åpne standarder.  Informasjon om muligheter og
6759 alternativer. Her har leverandører, IT-avdelinger og pedagoger en vei
6760 å gå sammen. Det er til slutt LÆRING det dreier seg om, og da må man
6761 få mest mulig læring for pengene man har.</p>
6762
6763       </div>
6764       <div class="tags">
6765
6766
6767         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6768
6769
6770       </div>
6771     </div>
6772     <div class="padding"></div>
6773
6774     <div class="entry">
6775       <div class="title">
6776         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Sturle_Sunde.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Sturle Sunde</a>
6777       </div>
6778       <div class="date">
6779         19th January 2011
6780       </div>
6781       <div class="body">
6782         <p>Denne gang har jeg fått tak i en mangeårig unix-mann som etter
6783 mange år ved Universitetet i Oslo, der jeg først traff ham, har
6784 flyttet tilbake til vestlandet, og der bidratt til å revitalisere
6785 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-oppsettet i
6786 Florø.</p>
6787
6788 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6789
6790 <p>Sturle Sunde, ansvarleg for skulenettet i Flora kommune.  Eg driv,
6791 vidareutviklar og er andrelinje brukarstøtte for datanettet ved
6792 skulane i Flora kommune.  10 skular og meir enn 700 maskiner med
6793 Linux, medrekna tynnklientar.  Tidlegare jobba eg i mange år med
6794 unix-drift ved Universitetets senter for informasjonsteknologi ved
6795 Universitetet i Oslo.</p>
6796
6797 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6798
6799 <p>Det er vanskeleg å svare konkret på.  Eg har drive med Unix og Linux i
6800 alle år, og Skulelinux er eit godt kjent prosjekt i miljøet.  Det var
6801 først i 2008, då eg tok til i min noverande jobb, at eg fekk bruk for
6802 Skulelinux for alvor.</p>
6803
6804 <p>Jobben min skulle vere drift av eit nytt skulenett i Flora kommune,
6805 levert av eit firma eg ikkje vil reklamere for.  Systemet skulle vere
6806 ferdig levert i september året før.  Dette viste seg å ta mykje lenger
6807 tid, og i haustferien 2008 hadde dei endå ikkje klart å få opp ei
6808 fungerande løysing.  Situasjonen var prekær for den største skulen i
6809 kommunen med meir enn 500 elevar på ungdomssteget.  Skulen hadde brukt
6810 Skulelinux før, og var tilfredse med det.  No hadde dei vore utan
6811 fungerande datasystem i nesten eit år.  Difor fekk eg opp ein ny tenar
6812 utanfor prosjektet og installerte Skulelinux på den.  Etter litt
6813 justering av konfigurasjonen med god hjelp av #skolelinux på IRC, var
6814 den nye tenaren oppe og gjekk med både tynne og halv-tjukke klientar.
6815 Autentisering gjekk mot det nye systemet, slik at elevar og lærarar
6816 framleis har same brukarnamn og passord over alt.  Dette berre
6817 fungerte, og vi bestemte oss for å erstatte delar av løysinga vi
6818 skulle få levert med Skulelinux.</p>
6819
6820 <p>Det høyrer med til historia at det nye systemet eg skulle drive frå
6821 januar 2008 endå ikkje er ferdig levert.  Dei jobbar med saka, seier
6822 dei, og har von om å fullføre leveransen i løpet av 2011.</p>
6823
6824 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6825
6826 <p>Det er veldig mange.  Eg skal ta nokre få.</p>
6827
6828 <p>Den viktigaste fordelen er at det igrunn berre er ei maskin å passe
6829 på, og det er tenaren.  Med andre løysingar har ein gjerne programvare
6830 og anna som skal vedlikehaldast på kvar enkelt maskin.  Med Skulelinux
6831 kan alle feil rettast og alle program oppgraderast på alle maskiner
6832 samstundes ved å gjere endringa som må til på tenaren.  Eg kan sitje
6833 på kontoret og passe på alle tenarane i kommunen derifrå.</p>
6834
6835 <ul>
6836
6837 <li>Tynne klientar gjer det mogleg å bruke eldre utstyr lenge, so lenge
6838 tenaren er sterk nok.  Ein liten tenar med eit par halv-moderne CPUar
6839 og 2 GiB RAM held lenge for eit typisk klasserom med 30 tynnklientar,
6840 og det er lett å utvide med fleire.
6841
6842 <li>Halvtjukke klientar gjer det mogleg å utnytte kapasiteten i litt
6843 nyare maskiner betre, og avlaste tenaren.  Ingenting vert installert
6844 lokalt på desse heller, og harddisken kan gjerne koblast frå.  Gode
6845 halvtjukke klientar kan kjøpast brukt for under 1000-lappen, og det er
6846 heile kostnaden.  Ingen lisensar eller anna på toppen, og det er ikkje
6847 krav til kraftigare tenar heller.
6848
6849 <li>Det er Linux.  Vi har ikkje noko kluss med drivarar, dei berre er
6850 der.  Heller ikkje med virus, dei finst i realiteten ikkje.  Eller med
6851 elevar som klussar med installert programvare, for dei klarar ikkje å
6852 øydeleggje for nokon andre enn seg sjølve.
6853
6854 </ul>
6855
6856 <p>Skulelinux er lagt opp til å vere veldig lett å installere rett ut
6857 av boksen på ein heil skule av ein interessert lærar.  Det er ofte ei
6858 god løysing for skulen.  Å ha nokon til stades som kjenner systemet og
6859 kan forklare enkle ting eller løyse problem der og då, er uvurderleg
6860 viktig for ein stressa lærar fem minutt før det ringer inn.</p>
6861
6862 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6863
6864 <p>All den ferdige konfigurasjonen gjer det tungvint å tilpasse
6865 Skulelinux til eit system som skal fungere saman med mange andre
6866 installasjonar i eit felles datanett for skulane i ein kommune.  Det
6867 heile er prekonfigurert for ein skule, og utviding til mange skular
6868 med eigne tenarar er ikkje berre enkelt.</p>
6869
6870 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6871
6872 <p>Eg brukar mest alle små hjelpeprogram som føl med operativsystemet,
6873 samt scriptspråket perl.  Elles er Firefox/Iceweasel, Gnome-terminal
6874 og ssh i kontinuerleg bruk.  Av Linux-distribusjonar brukar eg både
6875 Debian, Ubuntu, SuSE og RedHat dagleg.  Eg prøvar å finne det verktyet
6876 som passar best til kvar del av jobben.</p>
6877
6878 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6879 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6880
6881 <p>Det er to målgrupper ein må sikte mot.  Det eine er alle skulane som
6882 manglar eller har eit lite tilfredsstillande opplegg i dag, og ikkje
6883 har råd til å kjøpe noko nytt og blankpussa opplegg.  Der er det om å
6884 gjere å gjere det enkelt for skulane å finne Skulelinux, og gjere det
6885 enkelt for dei å få hjelp til installasjon på skulen.  Gjerne med
6886 lokale kontaktpersonar.  Her er det dugnadsinnsats som må til, for
6887 desse skulane har ikkje råd til å betale for dette.</p>
6888
6889 <p>Den andre og kanskje viktigare målgruppa er dei meir eller mindre
6890 profesjonelle kundane.  Alle store offentlege innkjøp, inkludert
6891 innkjøp av nytt datasystem for skular, må ut på offentleg anbod.
6892 Offentlege anbod er mykje meir lukka enn dei gjev inntrykk av, og både
6893 regelboka og boka med triks for å sminke tilbodet er tjukk.  Det er
6894 vanskeleg å komme inn utan eit solid salsapparat i ryggen.  Kanskje
6895 Skulelinux skulle prøve aktivt å få seg eit partnarskap med eit av dei
6896 store som gjerne vil sterkare inn på den offentlege IT-marknaden?
6897 Nokon som kjenner triksa og har krefter til å ta opp kampen mot både
6898 dårlege anbod og Rudolf Blostrupmoen IT AS.  Leveranse til skulane i
6899 ein kommune er ein god måte å få ein fot inn døra som leverandør til
6900 ein lukrativ kommunemarknad som kjøper alle tenester.  Ta kontakt med
6901 nokon som er passeleg store og ikkje er Microsoft-partnar, og fortell:
6902 «Vi har eit ferdig produkt som du kan selje.  Nei vi skal ikkje ha for
6903 det.  Du kan gjerne gjere kva du vil med det, berre vi får lov til å
6904 hjelpe deg.  Målgruppa er alle kommunar, og det er noko dei vil ha.
6905 Det er eit godt produkt, brukt av mange og godt likt.»</p>
6906
6907       </div>
6908       <div class="tags">
6909
6910
6911         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6912
6913
6914       </div>
6915     </div>
6916     <div class="padding"></div>
6917
6918     <div class="entry">
6919       <div class="title">
6920         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Embrik_Kaslegard.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Embrik Kaslegard</a>
6921       </div>
6922       <div class="date">
6923         16th January 2011
6924       </div>
6925       <div class="body">
6926         <p>Neste ut i min intervjuserie med folk i
6927 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a> er
6928 lærer, mangeårig bidragsyter på epostlistene og tidligere
6929 Skolelinux-administrator på en skole i Hemsedal.</p>
6930
6931 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6932
6933 <p>Embrik Kaslegard, 1964-modell, fire barn (7-20 år). Begynte som
6934 lærer i 1989 - har hatt IKT-ansvar siden første året i jobb. Har
6935 jobbet som lærer/IKT-ansvarlig uavbrutt siden 1989. Jobbet med
6936 Skolelinux fra 2004 til 2010. Nå har jeg fått ny arbeidsplass og er
6937 40% lærer og 60% IKT med Windows XP, Win2003 server og et regionalt
6938 IKT-regime som legger premissene og begrensingene for hva vi kan gjøre
6939 på skolen.</p>
6940
6941 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6942
6943 <p>Jeg leste en artikkel om en dugnadsinstallasjon av Skolelinux på en
6944 skole på Jæren et sted. Tanken om dugnad og frihet appellerte til
6945 meg. Da vi skulle bygge ny skole var det en del vi måtte spare på,
6946 fordi vi beveget oss mot en kostnadssprekk. Kabling og investering i
6947 PC-er var en av tingene vi sparte på. Derfor kjøpe vi 72 pc-er for 390
6948 pr stk. En filtjener og en applikasjonsserver.</p>
6949
6950 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6951
6952 <p>Fordelen er at så mye er satt opp fra starten. I tillegg er det
6953 tydelig at pakka er laga for skoleverket. Brukerne har egne
6954 skrivebord, tilgang på mange gode verktøyprogrammer. Vi slipper å
6955 tenke på virus. Brukerne har ikke mulighet til å ødelegge
6956 klientoppsett, men har gode muligheter til å endre eget oppsett. Dette
6957 tror jeg er inspirerende og kjekt for mange brukere.  Mappestrukturen
6958 er ferdig og det er "enkelt" å designe lokale mappestrukturer via
6959 skeleton.  Noen av oss i skoleverket mener skolen skal være en
6960 "mot-kultur". Da er Skolelinux et av valgene man kan ta. Et annet er å
6961 spise på indisk restaurant i stedet for Mc Donald's når vi er på bytur
6962 osv.. Ordene deling, frihet, dugnad osv er positive ord i
6963 skoleverket. Det er viktig at elevene blir bevisst dette.</p>
6964
6965 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6966
6967 <p>Kompabiliteten er selvsagt et problem, selv om det er mindre nå enn
6968 før.  For IKT-personer på skolene som skal drifte dette er det
6969 problematisk med kommandoer i terminalen.  I tillegg er det alt for
6970 mange programmer i Skolelinux som ikke blir brukt.  Jeg tror
6971 Skolelinux er tjent med å tone ned begrepet pedagogisk programvare.
6972 Slik jeg ser det finnes ikke denne kategorien programmer lengre slik
6973 de gjorde før, som frittsående programmer som installeres på en
6974 datamaskin eller på serveren.  Det finnes en del spesialpedagogiske
6975 programmer, som Textpilot, LingDys, LingRight, AskiRaski, Ny i Norge
6976 osv.  Men dette er programmer for enkelt-elever eller små grupper av
6977 elever.  Det som bør være fokus er at alle undervisningsressurser som
6978 lages for nettet skal være nettleseruavhengig.</p>
6979
6980 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6981
6982 <p>OpenOffice bruker jeg til vanlig kontorarbeide.  VLC bruker jeg som
6983 videoavspiller og av og til streaming av film.  Gimp bruker jeg i
6984 undervisningen til bildemanipulering. Firefox og Chrome er mine
6985 favoritt-nettlesere.  Firefox har lenge vært førstevalget mitt, nå
6986 bruker jeg mest Chrome.  Opplever den som raskere og smidigere enn
6987 Firefox.  Ubuntu bruker jeg som dualboot på jobb-maskinen min i
6988 tillegg til at alle PCer hjemme har en eller annen Ubuntu-distribusjon
6989 installert.  Jeg bruker Clonezilla på Ubuntu 10.04 til kloning av
6990 datamaskiner på jobb.  Det er selvsagt en haug andre frie programmer
6991 jeg bruker men jeg bruker dem ikke daglig.  Jeg kan ramse opp:
6992 recordmydesktop, cinelerra, acidrip, soundjuicer, audacity, NX
6993 (no-machine), Kino, Rythmbox...</p>
6994
6995 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6996 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6997
6998 <p>Jeg tror oppsøkende virksomhet er den rette strategien.
6999 Ressurspersoner gjør avtaler med rådmenn, skolesjefer, rektorer.  Det
7000 er slik konkurrentene gjør det.  Fokuset i slike samtaler bør være
7001 kost-nytte.  Dersom personer med økonomisk ansvar ser at de kan få
7002 like godt tilbud til mindre utgifter, tror jeg det er mulighet til å
7003 få innpass.  Dersom de også kan få konkrete tilbud på drift i slike
7004 samtaler, vil de kanskje bli litt mer interesserte i hvor mye penger
7005 som faktisk går til IKT i skolene.  Det er også viktig at vi ikke
7006 firer for mye på krav til datamaskiner.  Det er flott at Skolelinux
7007 går på "utrangert" utstyr, men dette bør bare presenteres som et
7008 alternativ.  Skolelinux-installasjoner med utrangert utstyr er ikke å
7009 foretrekke dersom man kan unngå det. Det skaper ikke entusiasme hos
7010 brukerne (elever og lærere) når de bruker gamle datamaskiner som går
7011 tregt.  Det er kjempefint med skoler som har kommet seg frem til
7012 Skolelinux og fri programvare av seg selv, men de lever på nåde.
7013 Slike valg må fundamenteres hos skoleeier.</p>
7014
7015 <p>Oppdatering 2011-01-16 22:40: Oppdatert svarene for de tre siste
7016 spørsmålene litt mer tekst fra Embrik.</p>
7017
7018       </div>
7019       <div class="tags">
7020
7021
7022         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7023
7024
7025       </div>
7026     </div>
7027     <div class="padding"></div>
7028
7029     <div class="entry">
7030       <div class="title">
7031         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Viggo_Fedreheim.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Viggo Fedreheim</a>
7032       </div>
7033       <div class="date">
7034         12th January 2011
7035       </div>
7036       <div class="body">
7037         <p>Jeg fortsetter min intervjuserie med folk i
7038 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a>.  Denne
7039 gang er det en av folkene som har vært med lenge og som har tatt i
7040 bruk Skolelinux på alle skolene i Narvik kommune som skal i ilden.
7041 Han er styremedlem i
7042 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen
7043 FRISK</a>.</p>
7044
7045 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7046
7047 <p>Mitt navn er Viggo Fedreheim, og jeg er pedagogisk og teknisk
7048 IKT-veileder for alle skoler i Narvik kommune.  Jeg drifter totalt 17
7049 servere basert på Skolelinux og Debian. Jeg holder i tillegg noen kurs
7050 mellom all driftingen. For tiden arbeider jeg med en sentral
7051 LDAP-tjener for alle skoleservere samt våre Moodle- og
7052 Joomla-installasjoner.</p>
7053
7054 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7055
7056 <p>Gjennom en eller annen nettavis i 2001 der var det skrevet om
7057 Skolelinux.  Artikkelen ga meg lyst til å prøve ut systemet.</p>
7058
7059 <p>Det startet i 2002 ved at jeg installerte en av de første utgavene
7060 av Skolelinux på en standard pc på Solneset skole i Tromsø.  Denne var
7061 oppe fram til desember 2003 da jeg sluttet på den skolen og begynte i
7062 ny jobb i Narvik kommune.</p>
7063
7064 <p> I Narvik kommune var det i 2004 kun 2 servere på da totalt 15
7065 skoler. Disse var Windows NT baserte. På disse to skolene var det lite
7066 med maskiner.  Jobben med å få Narvik Kommune opp på akseptabelt nivå
7067 virket å være formidabel.  Men med hjelp av gode kollegaer og leder
7068 skrev jeg en IKT plan for Narvik kommune som ble vedtatt av politikere
7069 i august 2004. I denne planen ble det bestemt at Narvik kommune skulle
7070 bruke Skolelinux.  Her ble det også satt av midler til kabling av god
7071 infrastruktur på alle skoler samt innkjøp av nye datamaskiner.  Så i
7072 dag har vi 17 servere hvorav 13 er på Skolelinux, med ca 1500 klienter
7073 basert på tynne, "halvtykke" og et stort antall bærbare pcer basert på
7074 Kubuntu.</p>
7075
7076 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7077
7078 <p>Lisenskostnader, driftkostnader og hardwarekrav som er mye lavere
7079 enn for andre systemer.</p>
7080
7081 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7082
7083 <p>Pedagogiske programvare som ikke fungerer mot Linux. En Stoooor
7084 flaskehals og som gjør at Linux kanskje ikke blir valgt andre
7085 plasser.</p>
7086
7087 <p>Eksempler er Relemo, Lindys (lingit sine programmer), 5plus
7088 (matematikk).  Disse er programmer som ikke lar seg kjøre i Linux.</p>
7089
7090 <p> Men det ser ut for at mange leverandører går over til mer
7091 nettbaserte programmer istedet for å installere lokalt.  Dette med
7092 enkelte leverandører som ikke kan levere programmer til Linux er et
7093 lite problem og over tid tror jeg at denne barrieren er borte.</p>
7094
7095 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7096
7097 <p>Kjører Kubuntu på laptoper, Debian squeeze på stasjonær
7098 kontorpc. Ut over dette arbeder jeg svært mye via konsoll mot andre
7099 servere.</p>
7100
7101       </div>
7102       <div class="tags">
7103
7104
7105         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7106
7107
7108       </div>
7109     </div>
7110     <div class="padding"></div>
7111
7112     <div class="entry">
7113       <div class="title">
7114         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Arnt_Ove_Gregersen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Arnt Ove Gregersen</a>
7115       </div>
7116       <div class="date">
7117          9th January 2011
7118       </div>
7119       <div class="body">
7120         <p>Inspirert av
7121 <a href="http://raphaelhertzog.com/tag/interview/">intervjurunden</a>
7122 som Raphael Hertzog har startet med folk i Debianprosjektet, fikk jeg
7123 lyst til å gjøre det samme med folk i
7124 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a>.  Håpet
7125 er at de som til daglig bidrar til å fremme fri programvare i
7126 skoleverket og utvikler en linux-distribusjon spesiallaget for
7127 skolebruk kan bli bedre kjent og kanskje inspirere flere til å bidra
7128 til Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
7129
7130 <p>Først ut er nyvalgt leder i
7131 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen FRISK</a> som
7132 organiserer utviklingen av Skolelinux-distribusjonen.  FRISK trenger
7133 alltid flere medlemmer, så
7134 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/index.php?page=signup">meld
7135 deg gjerne inn</a> hvis du vil støtte oss.</p>
7136
7137 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7138
7139 <p><!-- Mitt navn er Arnt Ove Gregersen, jeg er en småbarnfar på 32 år som
7140 for tiden bor Trondheim. -->
7141 Mitt navn er Arnt Ove Gregersen, jeg er 32 år og bor for tiden i Trondheim.
7142
7143 Her jobber jeg som systemutvikler i et firma
7144 som heter <a href="http://www.geomatikk-ikt.no/">Geomatikk IKT AS</a>,
7145 hvor jeg er på et Vegmeldings-prosjekt for Statens Vegvesen. På
7146 fritiden er jeg styreleder i FRISK (Fri programvare i skolen) og
7147 bidrar til bl.a. Skolelinux-prosjektet når jeg får tid til det. Det er
7148 primært hjemmesiden til Skolelinux-prosjektet og
7149 <a href="http://linuxveiviseren.no/">Linux-veiviseren</a> jeg har
7150 jobbet med her, men jeg har også gjort en del arbeid i forhold til
7151 FRISK sin hjemmeside.</p>
7152
7153 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7154
7155 <p>Jeg var på en presentasjon av prosjektet i regi av Knut Yrvin på
7156 Gløshaugen i Trondheim, hvor jeg fattet stor interesse for prosjektet
7157 og ville hjelpe til så godt jeg kunne.  Dette var vel i 2002 eller
7158 2003.</p>
7159
7160 <p>Jeg hadde fra før hørt om prosjektet fra før og syntes tanken bak var
7161 ganske fin, men hadde ikke noen interesse av bruke min egen fritid på
7162 det selv.</p>
7163
7164 <p>I etterkant av presentasjonen startet jeg og noen andre fra
7165 Trondheim "Skolelinux-prosjektet i Sør-Trøndelag" . Hvor vi var med å
7166 bidra til at Trondheim kommune satte igang Selsbakk ungdomskole som et
7167 pilotprosjekt med Skolelinux, som egentlig var og er en stor suksess,
7168 men det virker ut som det ikke skjer noe mer på. I tillegg var vi med
7169 på dugnad på Brundalen videregående skole hvor vi installerte
7170 Skolelinux som såvidt jeg vet fortsatt kjører på Skolelinux.</p>
7171
7172 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7173
7174 <p>Det bygger på fri programvare og har lav kostnad i forhold til
7175 nytteverdien. Dette fordi det har forholdsvis lav inngangsum og bruker
7176 en arkitektur med sentral-drift som gir mange driftfordeler.  I
7177 tillegg vil det kunne frigjøre kostnader for skolene slik at de kan
7178 bruke dem til å ansette f,eks flere lærere om det er ønskelig.</p>
7179
7180 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7181
7182 <P>Ikke all pedagogisk programvare er tilgjengelig der, som f.eks
7183 Drillpro om jeg ikke husker feil.</p>
7184
7185 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7186
7187 <p>Til utvikling av Java-applikasjoner og Android bruker jeg Eclipse og
7188 Quanta til web-utvikling via php. For all bildebehandling bruker jeg
7189 GIMP og Blender til 3d-modellering . Dessverre har Blender en bratt
7190 læringskurve i starten, men det er absolutt verdt det.
7191
7192 <p>Til musikk bruker jeg stort Rhytmbox. Firefox til surfing på nettet og
7193 Thunderbird og Evolution til e-post,
7194
7195 <p>På database-siden bruker jeg PostgreSQL, Postgis og av og til Mysql.
7196
7197 <p>Når jeg får tid til å spille bruker jeg som regel et strategi-spill
7198 som er basert på TA Spring-motoren (springrts.com), her er det et
7199 veldig bra utvalg av gratis spill som er av høy kvalitet. Veldig lett
7200 å bli hektet :)</p>
7201
7202       </div>
7203       <div class="tags">
7204
7205
7206         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7207
7208
7209       </div>
7210     </div>
7211     <div class="padding"></div>
7212
7213     <div class="entry">
7214       <div class="title">
7215         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Inspirerende_fra_en_ukjent_Skolelinux_skole.html">Inspirerende fra en ukjent Skolelinux-skole</a>
7216       </div>
7217       <div class="date">
7218          4th January 2011
7219       </div>
7220       <div class="body">
7221         <p>Følgende inspirerende historie fant jeg i
7222 <a href="http://www.digi.no/php/ny_debatt.php?id=858869#innlegg_770926">kommentarfeltet
7223 hos digi.no</a> i forbindelse med en trist sak om hvordan
7224 <a href="http://www.digi.no/858869/datakaos-etter-linux-satsing">skolen
7225 i Hemsedal har fått ødelagt</a> sin Skolelinux-installasjon.  Jeg har
7226 fikset endel åpenbare skrivefeil for lesbarhetens skyld.</p>
7227
7228 <blockquote>
7229 <p><strong>Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
7230 <br>av Inspektør Siri (gjest)
7231
7232 <p>Kommunen min har to omtrent jevnstore tettsteder, og en
7233 ungdomsskole i hvert av tettstedene. Den minste av disse har ca 300
7234 elever og til denne sogner det 3 barneskoler. Den største har ca 350
7235 elever og til denne sogner det 4 barneskoler.</p>
7236
7237 <ul>
7238
7239 <li>Kommunen har i veldig lang tid forsømt IKT i skolen, og det har
7240 bare blitt gitt smuler i ny og ne. Det er kun den største av
7241 ungdomsskolene som har hatt en skikkelig datapark, og dette takket
7242 være en naturfaglærer som ble lei av å vente på kommunen. Det gjorde
7243 at vi bestemte oss for å ta ting i egne hender, og da vha
7244 skolelinux. En testinstallasjon med 10 gamle PCer ble gjort, og vi så
7245 raskt at dette var veldig lovende. Neste etappe var å gi alle lærere
7246 egen PC på arbeidsplassene sine (2004), og så sette opp 16 PCer på to
7247 datarom. Vi har kun basert oss på å kjøpe inn brukte maskiner, og
7248 aldri dyrere enn 1000 kr pr klient. For to år siden så hadde vi
7249 klienter i alle klasserom, og totalt hadde vi da rundt 250 stk. Rundt
7250 40 klienter brukes av lærerne og kjører på en egen server. Elvene har
7251 resten, og kjører også en egen server. Servere har vi også kjøpt
7252 brukt, 2 år gamle servere koster 6-7000 kroner.</li>
7253
7254 <li>Skolen vår er et relativt gammelt bygg, men en meget dyktig
7255 vaktmester har sammen med IKT-ansvarlig/Naturfaglærer lagt kabler til alle
7256 rom. Gradvis har vi byttet ut billige svitsjer med mer solide saker
7257 som er mulig å fjernstyre.</li>
7258
7259 <li>Vi har i all hovedsak greid å få dette til over eget budsjett, men
7260 vi har også passet på å få penger når de andre skolene har fått
7261 bærbare PCer til lærere osv.</li>
7262
7263 <li>Vår IKT-ansvarlig har gjort (og gjør) en fenomenal jobb, og vi har
7264 en maskinpark som de andre av kommunens skoler bare kan drømme
7265 om.</li>
7266
7267 </ul>
7268
7269 <p>Så skjer det som ofte skjer. Det kommer en eller annen
7270 selger/blåruss og skal fikse ALT. I vårt tilfelle betyr dette også
7271 sentralisering av drift. Den ny-ansatte på kommunens IT-avdelingen
7272 skal også ha jobb, og ser for seg å ta over skoledriften. Kommunen
7273 kjøper inn eksterne driftstjenester, og nekter i samme slengen å ta
7274 hensyn til skolen vår. Dette til tross for at vi alene har like mange
7275 datamaskiner som de andre til sammen. </p>
7276
7277 <ul>
7278
7279 <li>Det blir krevd at vi skal innlemmes i de kommunale systemet, og
7280 det er VI som får ansvar for at dette kommer på plass. Og det er her
7281 de horrible tingene begynner å skje. </li>
7282
7283 <li>Det settes opp en lukket Exchange server som gjør av vi ikke kan
7284 hente epost for våre ansatte. Og det kreves at vi finner løsning på
7285 dette.</li>
7286
7287 <li>Det velges sak arkivsystem som vi pålegges å bruke, noe som gjør
7288 at vi må bruke en terminalløsning mot kommunal server. Ikke i seg selv
7289 et problem i følge IKT-ansvarlig hos oss. Men kommunens IT-avd nektet
7290 faktisk å åpne de porter OSV som vi måtte bruke.</li>
7291
7292 <li>Vi blir pålagt å flytte på innsiden av det kommunale
7293 nettverket. Dette gjorde at vi mistet hjemmekontor for lærere og
7294 elever. Å få åpnet porter i kommunal brannmur var ikke
7295 aktuelt. Mulighet for fjerndrift ble også vekk i samme slengen. </li>
7296
7297 <li>Vår LMS Moodle er ikke mulig å nå for elevene og lærerne.
7298
7299 </ul>
7300
7301 <p>Den andre ungdomsskolen i kommunen begynner så å kreve at de skal
7302 få bedre datatetthet, og komme opp på et nivå som ligner det vi
7303 har. De ser at vi kan avholde eksamen hvor alle 10. klassingene får
7304 sitte ved hver sin PC. Og de har fått tilbakemelding (klager) fra VGS
7305 om manglende datakompetanse på elevene som kommer fra dem. Dette fører
7306 videre til at kommunen endelig innser at de må ta grep. </p>
7307
7308 <p>Grepet betyr sentralisering, og farvel til vår plattform får vi
7309 høre. Det blir gjort en rekke bestemmelser og vedtak som vi ikke får
7310 være en del av. Det blir helt klart at vi må redusere antall maskiner,
7311 og det skal satses på bærbare maskiner. Siden vi ikke har fått tatt
7312 del i prosessene som angår oss, så bruker vi fagforening. Vi har ikke
7313 blitt hørt i forbindelse med endringer som er betydelig for vår
7314 hverdag, og greier å stoppe omlegging. I tillegg så har vi et politisk
7315 vedtak i kommunen på at vi skal kjøre Linux på elevnett, og dette
7316 vedtaket kan ikke administrasjonen i kommunene helt uten videre
7317 tilsidesette. </p>
7318
7319 <p>I sum har dette gjort at vi har fått jobbe videre i fred. Og en del
7320 runder i kommunens kontrollutvalg har gjort det tydelig at vi har blitt
7321 systematisk motarbeidet. </p>
7322
7323 <p>I dag har de andre skolene fått sine bærbare maskiner til elever og
7324 lærere, men etter 2 år med innkjøring er det fremdeles problemer
7325 her. </p>
7326
7327 <ul>
7328
7329 <li>Ungdomsskolen med windows kan ikke kjøre eksamen med sine bærbare,
7330 det er for mye arbeid å renske disse for innhold slik at juks ikke er
7331 mulig.</li>
7332
7333 <li>Utskrift er et mareritt, etter sigende pga at utskrift først
7334 sendes til sentral server, og så sendes ut til rett skriver. I snitt
7335 så tar det 7-8 minutter før utskrift starter på enkelte av
7336 skolene.</li>
7337
7338 <li>Trådløst skaper store problemer, og det er i perioder helt umulig
7339 å komme seg på nett. Og lagring på felles server er bare å glemme i
7340 perioder.</li>
7341
7342 </ul>
7343
7344 <p>Vi har slitt mye, kranglet og sloss. Ikke med tekniske problemer,
7345 men med omgivelsene rundt som vil oss til livs. Men det har vært verdt
7346 hver dråpe med svette, og timer med irritasjon. Men vi har begynt å få
7347 rutine her nå. </p>
7348
7349 <ul>
7350
7351 <li>Vi har fremdeles et system som vi styrer helt selv. </li>
7352 <li>Vi har vist at argumentet med at vår IKT-ansvarlig kan finne seg annen jobb ikke holder mål. Vi har kjøpt driftskonto hos et firma i tilfelle krise, og vi har kjørt opplæring på flere av de yngre lærerne. </li>
7353 <li>Vi har til enhver tid en lærling IKT driftsfag, og velger selvsagt ut dem som satser på Linux. Vi har nå begynt å få tilbake av våre tidligere elever som vil til oss nettopp fordi vi har Linux.</li>
7354 <li>Vi har vist at vi greier å opprettholde en dobbelt så stor datapark som naboskolen, og det til en billigere penge. </li>
7355 <li>Vi har datastøtte og support på huset, ALLTID tilgjengelig. De andre skolene må vente flere dager hvis det ikke er noe kritisk. </li>
7356 <li>Vår IKT-ansvarlig har 50% stilling som lærer og 50% som IKT-ansvarlig. </li>
7357 <li>Vi har en lærer på hvert trinn som har 3 timer i uka til å drive support/støtte til de andre lærerne. </li>
7358 <li>Vi opplever at de yngste lærerne ved den andre ungdomsskolen ønsker seg over til oss. </li>
7359
7360 </ul>
7361
7362 <p>Vi skal i løpet av året starte prosess med å planlegge ny skole, og vi har fått gjennomslag for at jeg (inspektør) og IKT-ansvarlig skal ha det fulle og hele ansvar for IKT/Infrastruktur. Begrunnelsen vår som ble avgjørende her, var at IT-avd i kommunen ikke kan noe om data i skolen. </p>
7363
7364 <p>Beklager hvis dette ble litt usammenhengende, men det ble tastet i
7365 fei, og jeg har ikke lest gjennom</p>
7366 </blockquote>
7367
7368 <p>Det kom raskt et lite svar:</p>
7369
7370 <blockquote>
7371 <p><strong>SV: Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
7372 <br>av captain_obvious</p>
7373
7374 <p>Inspirerende å lese. Har dere gjort noe for å fortelle denne
7375 historien videre?</p>
7376
7377 <p>Hadde vært svært interessant om dere tok kontakt med dokument 2 eller
7378 lignende for å fortelle hvordan det egentlig står til med
7379 IT-satsningen i kommune-Norge. Om ikke annet kan du begynner med å
7380 raffinere innlegget ditt og få en gjesteartikkel på digi.no</p>
7381 </blockquote>
7382
7383 <p>Og deretter en lengre oppfølging.</p>
7384
7385 <blockquote>
7386 <p><strong>SV: Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
7387 <br>av Inspektør Siri (gjest)
7388
7389 <p>Joda, vi har lekt med tanken, og vi har t.o.m skrevet flere lengre
7390 leserinnlegg myntet på aviser. Disse er ikke sendt til aviser, men
7391 brukt internt i forbindelse med møter med kommune. Vår IKT-ansvarlig
7392 har også truet med å si opp jobben sin hvis det ikke ble tatt hensyn i
7393 større grad enn hva som har vært tilfelle. VI kan også dokumentere
7394 flere brudd på anbudsregler, og vi kjenner til at relativt store
7395 IT-leverandører som ikke har fått tatt del i disse anbudene, rett og
7396 slett ikke tør melde fra av redsel for å få et dårlig rykte. </p>
7397
7398 <p>Alt ser ut til å roe seg ned, og vi har fått opp øynene på
7399 politikerne. I sum gjør dette at vi ikke ønsker for mye publisitet nå,
7400 det vil bare rote til igjen. </p>
7401
7402 <p>Jeg glemte å nevne at vi nå nesten ikke bruker tid på å drifte
7403 systemet vårt, noe som gjør at det aller meste av tid blir brukt til å
7404 støtte lærerne og elevene. F.eks så bruker vår IKT-ansvarlig den
7405 første timen på jobb, 0730-0830 kun til å gå ute på arbeidsplassene
7406 til læreren. Dette for å kunne svare på små og store problem, gi tips
7407 og råd, eller bare for å plukke opp hva som er behovet ute i
7408 undervisningsarealene. Det er dessverre ikke slik at alle lærerne har
7409 nok digital kompetanse til å kunne formulere alle spørsmålene de har,
7410 men ved å kunne få vise eller lufte tanker med IKT-ansvarlig så er det
7411 utrolig hva som kommer fram. </p>
7412
7413 <ul>
7414
7415 <li>Jeg ser at mange bruker økonomi som argument i forhold til å bruke
7416 SkoleLinux, og jeg skal ikke legge skjul på at det var dette som i
7417 utgangspunktet var årsaken til vårt valg. Men diskusjonene og kampen
7418 med kommunens IT-avdeling har gjort at vi har fått et noe annet
7419 fokus. Fordelene med drift og stabilitet, gjør at vi ville ha valgt
7420 samme løsning selv om den var dyrere. At vi slipper langt billigere
7421 unna, som følge av 0,- lisenskostnader og lave maskinvarekostnader, er
7422 bare en bonus. </li>
7423
7424 <li>Etter å ha kranglet oss til å få skikkelig oversikt over hva de
7425 andre skolene i kommunen bruker på IT, så har vi fått gehør for å få
7426 samme midler til innkjøp. Dette har gjort at vi nå kan kjøpe inn
7427 utstyr som de andre skolene bare kan se langt etter. Vi har nettopp
7428 kjøpt inn 3 videokamera i semiproff-klassen for å kunne lage film,
7429 samt sende live fra skoleteater/konserter. Vi har kjøpt inn digitale
7430 kompaktkamera til alle klassene. Vi har et team av lærere som skal i
7431 gang med å teste ut tablets på svake elever. Håpet et at teknologien
7432 kan være med på å gi noen av elevene litt mer motivasjon. Vi har kjøpt
7433 inn et halvt klassesett med pulsklokker, noe som har vist seg å være
7434 overraskende inspirerende for en del av elevene. Vi har også oss på
7435 fag på en høyskole litt lengre sør for oss, slik at 3 av oss nå skal
7436 ta faget "Linux tjenestedrift". Som inspektør og en del av skolens
7437 administrasjon er det veldig praktisk å kunne trå til hvis det
7438 kniper. Men IKT-ansvarlig har vært UTROLIG flink til å lage rene
7439 smørbrødlister for hvordan de mest vanlige driftsproblem løses, så det
7440 er lett for flere av oss å ta del i den daglige driften. Vi har svært
7441 stor nytte av lærling (som også hjelper to av naboskolene), men det er
7442 nesten blitt slik at det er om å gjøre å komme til først for å få løse
7443 problem. Det å få fingrene på problem og utfordringer er den aller
7444 beste læremester. </li>
7445
7446 </ul>
7447
7448 <p>Når vi nå tar til med planlegging av ny skole, så vil det være med
7449 tanke på at det skal være mulig med datautstyr på alle plasser. Vi
7450 kommer i all hovedsak til å legge kabel til alle tenkelige og
7451 utenkelige plasser. WiFi koster tilnærmet NULL å sette opp i
7452 ettertid.</p>
7453
7454 <p>Vi har ikke vært noe flink til å bidra til SkoleLinux-prosjektet,
7455 vi har rett og slett vært for opptatt med vår egen kamp. Vi har hentet
7456 mye inspirasjon fra diskusjoner som har gått i det miljøet, og vi
7457 håper at vi nå framover kan få tid til å bidra. Vi er i ferd med å
7458 bytte ut en av serverne våre, og da vil denne trolig bli satt opp som
7459 testserver for neste versjon av Skolelinux. På den måten vil vi i alle
7460 fall kunne gi tilbakemeldinger og rapportere feil. I tillegg så vil
7461 det kanskje gi oss noen nye utfordringer, for som lærlingen vår sier:
7462 "Skolelinux er noe herk, det skjer jo ikke noe galt og hvordan skal
7463 jeg da lære?"</p>
7464
7465 </blockquote>
7466
7467 <p>Det er veldig hyggelig å høre at
7468 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> fungerer så bra i
7469 skoleverdagen etter å ha jobbet med det i 10 år.</p>
7470
7471       </div>
7472       <div class="tags">
7473
7474
7475         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7476
7477
7478       </div>
7479     </div>
7480     <div class="padding"></div>
7481
7482     <div class="entry">
7483       <div class="title">
7484         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_test_if_a_laptop_is_working_with_Linux.html">How to test if a laptop is working with Linux</a>
7485       </div>
7486       <div class="date">
7487         22nd December 2010
7488       </div>
7489       <div class="body">
7490         <p>The last few days I have spent at work here at the <a
7491 href="http://www.uio.no/">University of Oslo</a> testing if the new
7492 batch of computers will work with Linux.  Every year for the last few
7493 years the university have organised shared bid of a few thousand
7494 computers, and this year HP won the bid.  Two different desktops and
7495 five different laptops are on the list this year.  We in the UNIX
7496 group want to know which one of these computers work well with RHEL
7497 and Ubuntu, the two Linux distributions we currently handle at the
7498 university.</p>
7499
7500 <p>My test method is simple, and I share it here to get feedback and
7501 perhaps inspire others to test hardware as well.  To test, I PXE
7502 install the OS version of choice, and log in as my normal user and run
7503 a few applications and plug in selected pieces of hardware.  When
7504 something fail, I make a note about this in the test matrix and move
7505 on.  If I have some spare time I try to report the bug to the OS
7506 vendor, but as I only have the machines for a short time, I rarely
7507 have the time to do this for all the problems I find.</p>
7508
7509 <p>Anyway, to get to the point of this post.  Here is the simple tests
7510 I perform on a new model.</p>
7511
7512 <ul>
7513
7514 <li>Is PXE installation working?  I'm testing with RHEL6, Ubuntu Lucid
7515 and Ubuntu Maverik at the moment.  If I feel like it, I also test with
7516 RHEL5 and Debian Edu/Squeeze.</li>
7517
7518 <li>Is X.org working?  If the graphical login screen show up after
7519 installation, X.org is working.</li>
7520
7521 <li>Is hardware accelerated OpenGL working?  Running glxgears (in
7522 package mesa-utils on Ubuntu) and writing down the frames per second
7523 reported by the program.</li>
7524
7525 <li>Is sound working?  With Gnome and KDE, a sound is played when
7526 logging in, and if I can hear this the test is successful.  If there
7527 are several audio exits on the machine, I try them all and check if
7528 the Gnome/KDE audio mixer can control where to send the sound.  I
7529 normally test this by playing
7530 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20101012-chef/ ">a HTML5
7531 video</a> in Firefox/Iceweasel.</li>
7532
7533 <li>Is the USB subsystem working?  I test this by plugging in a USB
7534 memory stick and see if Gnome/KDE notices this.</li>
7535
7536 <li>Is the CD/DVD player working?  I test this by inserting any CD/DVD
7537 I have lying around, and see if Gnome/KDE notices this.</li>
7538
7539 <li>Is any built in camera working?  Test using cheese, and see if a
7540 picture from the v4l device show up.</li>
7541
7542 <li>Is bluetooth working?  Use the Gnome/KDE browsing tool to see if
7543 any bluetooth devices are discovered.  In my office, I normally see a
7544 few.</li>
7545
7546 <li>For laptops, is the SD or Compaq Flash reader working.  I have
7547 memory modules lying around, and stick them in and see if Gnome/KDE
7548 notice this.</li>
7549
7550 <li>For laptops, is suspend/hibernate working?  I'm testing if the
7551 special button work, and if the laptop continue to work after
7552 resume.</li>
7553
7554 <li>For laptops, is the extra buttons working, like audio level,
7555 adjusting background light, switching on/off external video output,
7556 switching on/off wifi, bluetooth, etc?  The set of buttons differ from
7557 laptop to laptop, so I just write down which are working and which are
7558 not.</li>
7559
7560 <li>Some laptops have smart card readers, finger print readers,
7561 acceleration sensors etc.  I rarely test these, as I do not know how
7562 to quickly test if they are working or not, so I only document their
7563 existence.</li>
7564
7565 </ul>
7566
7567 <p>By now I suspect you are really curious what the test results are
7568 for the HP machines I am testing.  I'm not done yet, so I will report
7569 the test results later.  For now I can report that HP 8100 Elite work
7570 fine, and hibernation fail with HP EliteBook 8440p on Ubuntu Lucid,
7571 and audio fail on RHEL6.  Ubuntu Maverik worked with 8440p.  As you
7572 can see, I have most machines left to test.  One interesting
7573 observation is that Ubuntu Lucid has almost twice the frame rate than
7574 RHEL6 with glxgears.  No idea why.</p>
7575
7576       </div>
7577       <div class="tags">
7578
7579
7580         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7581
7582
7583       </div>
7584     </div>
7585     <div class="padding"></div>
7586
7587     <div class="entry">
7588       <div class="title">
7589         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_development_gathering_and_General_Assembly_for_FRiSK.html">Debian Edu development gathering and General Assembly for FRiSK</a>
7590       </div>
7591       <div class="date">
7592         29th November 2010
7593       </div>
7594       <div class="body">
7595         <p>On friday, the first Debian Edu / Skolelinux
7596 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering/2010-12-03-05-Oslo">development
7597 gathering</a> in a long time take place here in Oslo, Norway.  I
7598 really look forward to seeing all the good people working on the
7599 Squeeze release.  The gathering is open for everyone interested in
7600 learning more about Debian Edu / Skolelinux.</p>
7601
7602 <p>On Saturday, the Norwegian member organization taking care of
7603 organizing these development gatherings, Fri Programvare i Skolen,
7604 will hold its
7605 <a href="http://friprogramvareiskolen.no/Genfors/2010">General Assembly
7606 for 2010</a>.  Membership is open for all, and currently there are 388
7607 people registered as members.  Last year 32 members cast their vote in
7608 the memberdb based election system.  I hope more people find time to
7609 vote this year.</p>
7610
7611       </div>
7612       <div class="tags">
7613
7614
7615         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
7616
7617
7618       </div>
7619     </div>
7620     <div class="padding"></div>
7621
7622     <div class="entry">
7623       <div class="title">
7624         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_isn_t_Debian_Edu_using_VLC_.html">Why isn't Debian Edu using VLC?</a>
7625       </div>
7626       <div class="date">
7627         27th November 2010
7628       </div>
7629       <div class="body">
7630         <p>In the latest issue of Linux Journal, the readers choices were
7631 presented, and the winner among the multimedia player were VLC.
7632 Personally, I like VLC, and it is my player of choice when I first try
7633 to play a video file or stream.  Only if VLC fail will I drag out
7634 gmplayer to see if it can do better.  The reason is mostly the failure
7635 model and trust.  When VLC fail, it normally pop up a error message
7636 reporting the problem.  When mplayer fail, it normally segfault or
7637 just hangs.  The latter failure mode drain my trust in the program.<p>
7638
7639 <p>But even if VLC is my player of choice, we have choosen to use
7640 mplayer in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian
7641 Edu/Skolelinux</a>.  The reason is simple.  We need a good browser
7642 plugin to play web videos seamlessly, and the VLC browser plugin is
7643 not very good.  For example, it lack in-line control buttons, so there
7644 is no way for the user to pause the video.  Also, when I
7645 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/BrowserMultimedia">last
7646 tested the browser plugins</a> available in Debian, the VLC plugin
7647 failed on several video pages where mplayer based plugins worked.  If
7648 the browser plugin for VLC was as good as the gecko-mediaplayer
7649 package (which uses mplayer), we would switch.</P>
7650
7651 <p>While VLC is a good player, its user interface is slightly
7652 annoying.  The most annoying feature is its inconsistent use of
7653 keyboard shortcuts.  When the player is in full screen mode, its
7654 shortcuts are different from when it is playing the video in a window.
7655 For example, space only work as pause when in full screen mode.  I
7656 wish it had consisten shortcuts and that space also would work when in
7657 window mode.  Another nice shortcut in gmplayer is [enter] to restart
7658 the current video.  It is very nice when playing short videos from the
7659 web and want to restart it when new people arrive to have a look at
7660 what is going on.</p>
7661
7662       </div>
7663       <div class="tags">
7664
7665
7666         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
7667
7668
7669       </div>
7670     </div>
7671     <div class="padding"></div>
7672
7673     <div class="entry">
7674       <div class="title">
7675         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades_of_the_Gnome_and_KDE_desktop__now_with_apt_get_autoremove.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades of the Gnome and KDE desktop, now with apt-get autoremove</a>
7676       </div>
7677       <div class="date">
7678         22nd November 2010
7679       </div>
7680       <div class="body">
7681         <p>Michael Biebl suggested to me on IRC, that I changed my automated
7682 upgrade testing of the
7683 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">Lenny
7684 Gnome and KDE Desktop</a> to do <tt>apt-get autoremove</tt> when using apt-get.
7685 This seem like a very good idea, so I adjusted by test scripts and
7686 can now present the updated result from today:</p>
7687
7688 <p>This is for Gnome:</p>
7689
7690 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
7691
7692 <blockquote><p>
7693   apache2.2-bin
7694   aptdaemon
7695   baobab
7696   binfmt-support
7697   browser-plugin-gnash
7698   cheese-common
7699   cli-common
7700   cups-pk-helper
7701   dmz-cursor-theme
7702   empathy
7703   empathy-common
7704   freedesktop-sound-theme
7705   freeglut3
7706   gconf-defaults-service
7707   gdm-themes
7708   gedit-plugins
7709   geoclue
7710   geoclue-hostip
7711   geoclue-localnet
7712   geoclue-manual
7713   geoclue-yahoo
7714   gnash
7715   gnash-common
7716   gnome
7717   gnome-backgrounds
7718   gnome-cards-data
7719   gnome-codec-install
7720   gnome-core
7721   gnome-desktop-environment
7722   gnome-disk-utility
7723   gnome-screenshot
7724   gnome-search-tool
7725   gnome-session-canberra
7726   gnome-system-log
7727   gnome-themes-extras
7728   gnome-themes-more
7729   gnome-user-share
7730   gstreamer0.10-fluendo-mp3
7731   gstreamer0.10-tools
7732   gtk2-engines
7733   gtk2-engines-pixbuf
7734   gtk2-engines-smooth
7735   hamster-applet
7736   libapache2-mod-dnssd
7737   libapr1
7738   libaprutil1
7739   libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3
7740   libaprutil1-ldap
7741   libart2.0-cil
7742   libboost-date-time1.42.0
7743   libboost-python1.42.0
7744   libboost-thread1.42.0
7745   libchamplain-0.4-0
7746   libchamplain-gtk-0.4-0
7747   libcheese-gtk18
7748   libclutter-gtk-0.10-0
7749   libcryptui0
7750   libdiscid0
7751   libelf1
7752   libepc-1.0-2
7753   libepc-common
7754   libepc-ui-1.0-2
7755   libfreerdp-plugins-standard
7756   libfreerdp0
7757   libgconf2.0-cil
7758   libgdata-common
7759   libgdata7
7760   libgdu-gtk0
7761   libgee2
7762   libgeoclue0
7763   libgexiv2-0
7764   libgif4
7765   libglade2.0-cil
7766   libglib2.0-cil
7767   libgmime2.4-cil
7768   libgnome-vfs2.0-cil
7769   libgnome2.24-cil
7770   libgnomepanel2.24-cil
7771   libgpod-common
7772   libgpod4
7773   libgtk2.0-cil
7774   libgtkglext1
7775   libgtksourceview2.0-common
7776   libmono-addins-gui0.2-cil
7777   libmono-addins0.2-cil
7778   libmono-cairo2.0-cil
7779   libmono-corlib2.0-cil
7780   libmono-i18n-west2.0-cil
7781   libmono-posix2.0-cil
7782   libmono-security2.0-cil
7783   libmono-sharpzip2.84-cil
7784   libmono-system2.0-cil
7785   libmtp8
7786   libmusicbrainz3-6
7787   libndesk-dbus-glib1.0-cil
7788   libndesk-dbus1.0-cil
7789   libopal3.6.8
7790   libpolkit-gtk-1-0
7791   libpt2.6.7
7792   libpython2.6
7793   librpm1
7794   librpmio1
7795   libsdl1.2debian
7796   libsrtp0
7797   libssh-4
7798   libtelepathy-farsight0
7799   libtelepathy-glib0
7800   libtidy-0.99-0
7801   media-player-info
7802   mesa-utils
7803   mono-2.0-gac
7804   mono-gac
7805   mono-runtime
7806   nautilus-sendto
7807   nautilus-sendto-empathy
7808   p7zip-full
7809   pkg-config
7810   python-aptdaemon
7811   python-aptdaemon-gtk
7812   python-axiom
7813   python-beautifulsoup
7814   python-bugbuddy
7815   python-clientform
7816   python-coherence
7817   python-configobj
7818   python-crypto
7819   python-cupshelpers
7820   python-elementtree
7821   python-epsilon
7822   python-evolution
7823   python-feedparser
7824   python-gdata
7825   python-gdbm
7826   python-gst0.10
7827   python-gtkglext1
7828   python-gtksourceview2
7829   python-httplib2
7830   python-louie
7831   python-mako
7832   python-markupsafe
7833   python-mechanize
7834   python-nevow
7835   python-notify
7836   python-opengl
7837   python-openssl
7838   python-pam
7839   python-pkg-resources
7840   python-pyasn1
7841   python-pysqlite2
7842   python-rdflib
7843   python-serial
7844   python-tagpy
7845   python-twisted-bin
7846   python-twisted-conch
7847   python-twisted-core
7848   python-twisted-web
7849   python-utidylib
7850   python-webkit
7851   python-xdg
7852   python-zope.interface
7853   remmina
7854   remmina-plugin-data
7855   remmina-plugin-rdp
7856   remmina-plugin-vnc
7857   rhythmbox-plugin-cdrecorder
7858   rhythmbox-plugins
7859   rpm-common
7860   rpm2cpio
7861   seahorse-plugins
7862   shotwell
7863   software-center
7864   system-config-printer-udev
7865   telepathy-gabble
7866   telepathy-mission-control-5
7867   telepathy-salut
7868   tomboy
7869   totem
7870   totem-coherence
7871   totem-mozilla
7872   totem-plugins
7873   transmission-common
7874   xdg-user-dirs
7875   xdg-user-dirs-gtk
7876   xserver-xephyr
7877 </p></blockquote>
7878
7879 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
7880
7881 <blockquote><p>
7882   cheese
7883   ekiga
7884   eog
7885   epiphany-extensions
7886   evolution-exchange
7887   fast-user-switch-applet
7888   file-roller
7889   gcalctool
7890   gconf-editor
7891   gdm
7892   gedit
7893   gedit-common
7894   gnome-games
7895   gnome-games-data
7896   gnome-nettool
7897   gnome-system-tools
7898   gnome-themes
7899   gnuchess
7900   gucharmap
7901   guile-1.8-libs
7902   libavahi-ui0
7903   libdmx1
7904   libgalago3
7905   libgtk-vnc-1.0-0
7906   libgtksourceview2.0-0
7907   liblircclient0
7908   libsdl1.2debian-alsa
7909   libspeexdsp1
7910   libsvga1
7911   rhythmbox
7912   seahorse
7913   sound-juicer
7914   system-config-printer
7915   totem-common
7916   transmission-gtk
7917   vinagre
7918   vino
7919 </p></blockquote>
7920
7921 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
7922
7923 <blockquote><p>
7924   gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
7925 </p></blockquote>
7926
7927 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
7928
7929 <blockquote><p>
7930 [nothing]
7931 </p></blockquote>
7932
7933 <p>This is for KDE:</p>
7934
7935 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
7936
7937 <blockquote><p>
7938   ksmserver
7939 </p></blockquote>
7940
7941 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
7942
7943 <blockquote><p>
7944   kwin
7945   network-manager-kde
7946 </p></blockquote>
7947
7948 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
7949
7950 <blockquote><p>
7951   arts
7952   dolphin
7953   freespacenotifier
7954   google-gadgets-gst
7955   google-gadgets-xul
7956   kappfinder
7957   kcalc
7958   kcharselect
7959   kde-core
7960   kde-plasma-desktop
7961   kde-standard
7962   kde-window-manager
7963   kdeartwork
7964   kdeartwork-emoticons
7965   kdeartwork-style
7966   kdeartwork-theme-icon
7967   kdebase
7968   kdebase-apps
7969   kdebase-workspace
7970   kdebase-workspace-bin
7971   kdebase-workspace-data
7972   kdeeject
7973   kdelibs
7974   kdeplasma-addons
7975   kdeutils
7976   kdewallpapers
7977   kdf
7978   kfloppy
7979   kgpg
7980   khelpcenter4
7981   kinfocenter
7982   konq-plugins-l10n
7983   konqueror-nsplugins
7984   kscreensaver
7985   kscreensaver-xsavers
7986   ktimer
7987   kwrite
7988   libgle3
7989   libkde4-ruby1.8
7990   libkonq5
7991   libkonq5-templates
7992   libnetpbm10
7993   libplasma-ruby
7994   libplasma-ruby1.8
7995   libqt4-ruby1.8
7996   marble-data
7997   marble-plugins
7998   netpbm
7999   nuvola-icon-theme
8000   plasma-dataengines-workspace
8001   plasma-desktop
8002   plasma-desktopthemes-artwork
8003   plasma-runners-addons
8004   plasma-scriptengine-googlegadgets
8005   plasma-scriptengine-python
8006   plasma-scriptengine-qedje
8007   plasma-scriptengine-ruby
8008   plasma-scriptengine-webkit
8009   plasma-scriptengines
8010   plasma-wallpapers-addons
8011   plasma-widget-folderview
8012   plasma-widget-networkmanagement
8013   ruby
8014   sweeper
8015   update-notifier-kde
8016   xscreensaver-data-extra
8017   xscreensaver-gl
8018   xscreensaver-gl-extra
8019   xscreensaver-screensaver-bsod
8020 </p></blockquote>
8021
8022 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
8023
8024 <blockquote><p>
8025   ark
8026   google-gadgets-common
8027   google-gadgets-qt
8028   htdig
8029   kate
8030   kdebase-bin
8031   kdebase-data
8032   kdepasswd
8033   kfind
8034   klipper
8035   konq-plugins
8036   konqueror
8037   ksysguard
8038   ksysguardd
8039   libarchive1
8040   libcln6
8041   libeet1
8042   libeina-svn-06
8043   libggadget-1.0-0b
8044   libggadget-qt-1.0-0b
8045   libgps19
8046   libkdecorations4
8047   libkephal4
8048   libkonq4
8049   libkonqsidebarplugin4a
8050   libkscreensaver5
8051   libksgrd4
8052   libksignalplotter4
8053   libkunitconversion4
8054   libkwineffects1a
8055   libmarblewidget4
8056   libntrack-qt4-1
8057   libntrack0
8058   libplasma-geolocation-interface4
8059   libplasmaclock4a
8060   libplasmagenericshell4
8061   libprocesscore4a
8062   libprocessui4a
8063   libqalculate5
8064   libqedje0a
8065   libqtruby4shared2
8066   libqzion0a
8067   libruby1.8
8068   libscim8c2a
8069   libsmokekdecore4-3
8070   libsmokekdeui4-3
8071   libsmokekfile3
8072   libsmokekhtml3
8073   libsmokekio3
8074   libsmokeknewstuff2-3
8075   libsmokeknewstuff3-3
8076   libsmokekparts3
8077   libsmokektexteditor3
8078   libsmokekutils3
8079   libsmokenepomuk3
8080   libsmokephonon3
8081   libsmokeplasma3
8082   libsmokeqtcore4-3
8083   libsmokeqtdbus4-3
8084   libsmokeqtgui4-3
8085   libsmokeqtnetwork4-3
8086   libsmokeqtopengl4-3
8087   libsmokeqtscript4-3
8088   libsmokeqtsql4-3
8089   libsmokeqtsvg4-3
8090   libsmokeqttest4-3
8091   libsmokeqtuitools4-3
8092   libsmokeqtwebkit4-3
8093   libsmokeqtxml4-3
8094   libsmokesolid3
8095   libsmokesoprano3
8096   libtaskmanager4a
8097   libtidy-0.99-0
8098   libweather-ion4a
8099   libxklavier16
8100   libxxf86misc1
8101   okteta
8102   oxygencursors
8103   plasma-dataengines-addons
8104   plasma-scriptengine-superkaramba
8105   plasma-widget-lancelot
8106   plasma-widgets-addons
8107   plasma-widgets-workspace
8108   polkit-kde-1
8109   ruby1.8
8110   systemsettings
8111   update-notifier-common
8112 </p></blockquote>
8113
8114 <p>Running apt-get autoremove made the results using apt-get and
8115 aptitude a bit more similar, but there are still quite a lott of
8116 differences.  I have no idea what packages should be installed after
8117 the upgrade, but hope those that do can have a look.</p>
8118
8119       </div>
8120       <div class="tags">
8121
8122
8123         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8124
8125
8126       </div>
8127     </div>
8128     <div class="padding"></div>
8129
8130     <div class="entry">
8131       <div class="title">
8132         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Migrating_Xen_virtual_machines_using_LVM_to_KVM_using_disk_images.html">Migrating Xen virtual machines using LVM to KVM using disk images</a>
8133       </div>
8134       <div class="date">
8135         22nd November 2010
8136       </div>
8137       <div class="body">
8138         <p>Most of the computers in use by the
8139 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux project</a>
8140 are virtual machines.  And they have been Xen machines running on a
8141 fairly old IBM eserver xseries 345 machine, and we wanted to migrate
8142 them to KVM on a newer Dell PowerEdge 2950 host machine.  This was a
8143 bit harder that it could have been, because we set up the Xen virtual
8144 machines to get the virtual partitions from LVM, which as far as I
8145 know is not supported by KVM.  So to migrate, we had to convert
8146 several LVM logical volumes to partitions on a virtual disk file.</p>
8147
8148 <p>I found
8149 <a href="http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com.au/articles/35011-Six-steps-for-migrating-Xen-virtual-machines-to-KVM">a
8150 nice recipe</a> to do this, and wrote the following script to do the
8151 migration.  It uses qemu-img from the qemu package to make the disk
8152 image, parted to partition it, losetup and kpartx to present the disk
8153 image partions as devices, and dd to copy the data.  I NFS mounted the
8154 new servers storage area on the old server to do the migration.</p>
8155
8156 <pre>
8157 #!/bin/sh
8158
8159 # Based on
8160 # http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com.au/articles/35011-Six-steps-for-migrating-Xen-virtual-machines-to-KVM
8161
8162 set -e
8163 set -x
8164
8165 if [ -z "$1" ] ; then
8166     echo "Usage: $0 &lt;hostname&gt;"
8167     exit 1
8168 else
8169     host="$1"
8170 fi
8171
8172 if [ ! -e /dev/vg_data/$host-disk ] ; then
8173     echo "error: unable to find LVM volume for $host"
8174     exit 1
8175 fi
8176
8177 # Partitions need to be a bit bigger than the LVM LVs.  not sure why.
8178 disksize=$( lvs --units m | grep $host-disk | awk '{sum = sum + $4} END { print int(sum * 1.05) }')
8179 swapsize=$( lvs --units m | grep $host-swap | awk '{sum = sum + $4} END { print int(sum * 1.05) }')
8180 totalsize=$(( ( $disksize + $swapsize ) ))
8181
8182 img=$host.img
8183 #dd if=/dev/zero of=$img bs=1M count=$(( $disksize + $swapsize ))
8184 qemu-img create $img ${totalsize}MMaking room on the Debian Edu/Sqeeze DVD
8185
8186 parted $img mklabel msdos
8187 parted $img mkpart primary linux-swap 0 $disksize
8188 parted $img mkpart primary ext2 $disksize $totalsize
8189 parted $img set 1 boot on
8190
8191 modprobe dm-mod
8192 losetup /dev/loop0 $img
8193 kpartx -a /dev/loop0
8194
8195 dd if=/dev/vg_data/$host-disk of=/dev/mapper/loop0p1 bs=1M
8196 fsck.ext3 -f /dev/mapper/loop0p1 || true
8197 mkswap /dev/mapper/loop0p2
8198
8199 kpartx -d /dev/loop0
8200 losetup -d /dev/loop0
8201 </pre>
8202
8203 <p>The script is perhaps so simple that it is not copyrightable, but
8204 if it is, it is licenced using GPL v2 or later at your discretion.</p>
8205
8206 <p>After doing this, I booted a Debian CD in rescue mode in KVM with
8207 the new disk image attached, installed grub-pc and linux-image-686 and
8208 set up grub to boot from the disk image.  After this, the KVM machines
8209 seem to work just fine.</p>
8210
8211       </div>
8212       <div class="tags">
8213
8214
8215         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8216
8217
8218       </div>
8219     </div>
8220     <div class="padding"></div>
8221
8222     <div class="entry">
8223       <div class="title">
8224         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__apt_vs_aptitude_with_the_Gnome_and_KDE_desktop.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, apt vs aptitude with the Gnome and KDE desktop</a>
8225       </div>
8226       <div class="date">
8227         20th November 2010
8228       </div>
8229       <div class="body">
8230         <p>I'm still running upgrade testing of the
8231 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">Lenny
8232 Gnome and KDE Desktop</a>, but have not had time to spend on reporting the
8233 status.  Here is a short update based on a test I ran 20101118.</p>
8234
8235 <p>I still do not know what a correct migration should look like, so I
8236 report any differences between apt and aptitude and hope someone else
8237 can see if anything should be changed.</p>
8238
8239 <p>This is for Gnome:</p>
8240
8241 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
8242
8243 <blockquote><p>
8244   apache2.2-bin aptdaemon at-spi baobab binfmt-support
8245   browser-plugin-gnash cheese-common cli-common cpp-4.3 cups-pk-helper
8246   dmz-cursor-theme empathy empathy-common finger
8247   freedesktop-sound-theme freeglut3 gconf-defaults-service gdm-themes
8248   gedit-plugins geoclue geoclue-hostip geoclue-localnet geoclue-manual
8249   geoclue-yahoo gnash gnash-common gnome gnome-backgrounds
8250   gnome-cards-data gnome-codec-install gnome-core
8251   gnome-desktop-environment gnome-disk-utility gnome-screenshot
8252   gnome-search-tool gnome-session-canberra gnome-spell
8253   gnome-system-log gnome-themes-extras gnome-themes-more
8254   gnome-user-share gs-common gstreamer0.10-fluendo-mp3
8255   gstreamer0.10-tools gtk2-engines gtk2-engines-pixbuf
8256   gtk2-engines-smooth hal-info hamster-applet libapache2-mod-dnssd
8257   libapr1 libaprutil1 libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 libaprutil1-ldap
8258   libart2.0-cil libatspi1.0-0 libboost-date-time1.42.0
8259   libboost-python1.42.0 libboost-thread1.42.0 libchamplain-0.4-0
8260   libchamplain-gtk-0.4-0 libcheese-gtk18 libclutter-gtk-0.10-0
8261   libcryptui0 libcupsys2 libdiscid0 libeel2-data libelf1 libepc-1.0-2
8262   libepc-common libepc-ui-1.0-2 libfreerdp-plugins-standard
8263   libfreerdp0 libgail-common libgconf2.0-cil libgdata-common libgdata7
8264   libgdl-1-common libgdu-gtk0 libgee2 libgeoclue0 libgexiv2-0 libgif4
8265   libglade2.0-cil libglib2.0-cil libgmime2.4-cil libgnome-vfs2.0-cil
8266   libgnome2.24-cil libgnomepanel2.24-cil libgnomeprint2.2-data
8267   libgnomeprintui2.2-common libgnomevfs2-bin libgpod-common libgpod4
8268   libgtk2.0-cil libgtkglext1 libgtksourceview-common
8269   libgtksourceview2.0-common libmono-addins-gui0.2-cil
8270   libmono-addins0.2-cil libmono-cairo2.0-cil libmono-corlib2.0-cil
8271   libmono-i18n-west2.0-cil libmono-posix2.0-cil
8272   libmono-security2.0-cil libmono-sharpzip2.84-cil
8273   libmono-system2.0-cil libmtp8 libmusicbrainz3-6
8274   libndesk-dbus-glib1.0-cil libndesk-dbus1.0-cil libopal3.6.8
8275   libpolkit-gtk-1-0 libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa
8276   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libpt2.6.7 libpython2.6 librpm1 librpmio1
8277   libsdl1.2debian libservlet2.4-java libsrtp0 libssh-4
8278   libtelepathy-farsight0 libtelepathy-glib0 libtidy-0.99-0
8279   libxalan2-java libxerces2-java media-player-info mesa-utils
8280   mono-2.0-gac mono-gac mono-runtime nautilus-sendto
8281   nautilus-sendto-empathy openoffice.org-writer2latex
8282   openssl-blacklist p7zip p7zip-full pkg-config python-4suite-xml
8283   python-aptdaemon python-aptdaemon-gtk python-axiom
8284   python-beautifulsoup python-bugbuddy python-clientform
8285   python-coherence python-configobj python-crypto python-cupshelpers
8286   python-cupsutils python-eggtrayicon python-elementtree
8287   python-epsilon python-evolution python-feedparser python-gdata
8288   python-gdbm python-gst0.10 python-gtkglext1 python-gtkmozembed
8289   python-gtksourceview2 python-httplib2 python-louie python-mako
8290   python-markupsafe python-mechanize python-nevow python-notify
8291   python-opengl python-openssl python-pam python-pkg-resources
8292   python-pyasn1 python-pysqlite2 python-rdflib python-serial
8293   python-tagpy python-twisted-bin python-twisted-conch
8294   python-twisted-core python-twisted-web python-utidylib python-webkit
8295   python-xdg python-zope.interface remmina remmina-plugin-data
8296   remmina-plugin-rdp remmina-plugin-vnc rhythmbox-plugin-cdrecorder
8297   rhythmbox-plugins rpm-common rpm2cpio seahorse-plugins shotwell
8298   software-center svgalibg1 system-config-printer-udev
8299   telepathy-gabble telepathy-mission-control-5 telepathy-salut tomboy
8300   totem totem-coherence totem-mozilla totem-plugins
8301   transmission-common xdg-user-dirs xdg-user-dirs-gtk xserver-xephyr
8302   zip
8303 </p></blockquote>
8304
8305 Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude
8306
8307 <blockquote><p>
8308   arj bluez-utils cheese dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop ekiga eog
8309   epiphany-extensions epiphany-gecko evolution-exchange
8310   fast-user-switch-applet file-roller gcalctool gconf-editor gdm gedit
8311   gedit-common gnome-app-install gnome-games gnome-games-data
8312   gnome-nettool gnome-system-tools gnome-themes gnome-utils
8313   gnome-vfs-obexftp gnome-volume-manager gnuchess gucharmap
8314   guile-1.8-libs hal libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5
8315   libavahi-ui0 libbind9-50 libbluetooth2 libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7
8316   libcucul0 libcurl3 libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdmx1 libdvdread3
8317   libedata-cal1.2-6 libedataserver1.2-9 libeel2-2.20 libepc-1.0-1
8318   libepc-ui-1.0-1 libexchange-storage1.2-3 libfaad0 libgadu3
8319   libgalago3 libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libggz2 libggzcore9
8320   libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0 libgnome-desktop-2
8321   libgnome-pilot2 libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomeprint2.2-0
8322   libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtk-vnc-1.0-0
8323   libgtkhtml2-0 libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgtksourceview2.0-0
8324   libgucharmap6 libhesiod0 libicu38 libisccc50 libisccfg50 libiw29
8325   libjaxp1.3-java-gcj libkpathsea4 liblircclient0 libltdl3 liblwres50
8326   libmagick++10 libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmozjs1d libmpfr1ldbl libmtp7
8327   libmysqlclient15off libnautilus-burn4 libneon27 libnm-glib0
8328   libnm-util0 libopal-2.2 libosp5 libparted1.8-10 libpisock9
8329   libpisync1 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3 libpt-1.10.10 libraw1394-8
8330   libsdl1.2debian-alsa libsensors3 libsexy2 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8
8331   libspeexdsp1 libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libsvga1
8332   libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1 libtotem-plparser10 libtrackerclient0
8333   libvoikko1 libxalan2-java-gcj libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12
8334   libxtrap6 libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3 mysql-common rhythmbox seahorse
8335   sound-juicer swfdec-gnome system-config-printer totem-common
8336   totem-gstreamer transmission-gtk vinagre vino w3c-dtd-xhtml wodim
8337 </p></blockquote>
8338
8339 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
8340
8341 <blockquote><p>
8342   gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
8343 </p></blockquote>
8344
8345 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
8346
8347 <blockquote><p>
8348 [nothing]
8349 </p></blockquote>
8350
8351 <p>This is for KDE:</p>
8352
8353 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
8354
8355 <blockquote><p>
8356   autopoint bomber bovo cantor cantor-backend-kalgebra cpp-4.3 dcoprss
8357   edict espeak espeak-data eyesapplet fifteenapplet finger gettext
8358   ghostscript-x git gnome-audio gnugo granatier gs-common
8359   gstreamer0.10-pulseaudio indi kaddressbook-plugins kalgebra
8360   kalzium-data kanjidic kapman kate-plugins kblocks kbreakout kbstate
8361   kde-icons-mono kdeaccessibility kdeaddons-kfile-plugins
8362   kdeadmin-kfile-plugins kdeartwork-misc kdeartwork-theme-window
8363   kdeedu kdeedu-data kdeedu-kvtml-data kdegames kdegames-card-data
8364   kdegames-mahjongg-data kdegraphics-kfile-plugins kdelirc
8365   kdemultimedia-kfile-plugins kdenetwork-kfile-plugins
8366   kdepim-kfile-plugins kdepim-kio-plugins kdessh kdetoys kdewebdev
8367   kdiamond kdnssd kfilereplace kfourinline kgeography-data kigo
8368   killbots kiriki klettres-data kmoon kmrml knewsticker-scripts
8369   kollision kpf krosspython ksirk ksmserver ksquares kstars-data
8370   ksudoku kubrick kweather libasound2-plugins libboost-python1.42.0
8371   libcfitsio3 libconvert-binhex-perl libcrypt-ssleay-perl libdb4.6++
8372   libdjvulibre-text libdotconf1.0 liberror-perl libespeak1
8373   libfinance-quote-perl libgail-common libgsl0ldbl libhtml-parser-perl
8374   libhtml-tableextract-perl libhtml-tagset-perl libhtml-tree-perl
8375   libio-stringy-perl libkdeedu4 libkdegames5 libkiten4 libkpathsea5
8376   libkrossui4 libmailtools-perl libmime-tools-perl
8377   libnews-nntpclient-perl libopenbabel3 libportaudio2 libpulse-browse0
8378   libservlet2.4-java libspeechd2 libtiff-tools libtimedate-perl
8379   libunistring0 liburi-perl libwww-perl libxalan2-java libxerces2-java
8380   lirc luatex marble networkstatus noatun-plugins
8381   openoffice.org-writer2latex palapeli palapeli-data parley
8382   parley-data poster psutils pulseaudio pulseaudio-esound-compat
8383   pulseaudio-module-x11 pulseaudio-utils quanta-data rocs rsync
8384   speech-dispatcher step svgalibg1 texlive-binaries texlive-luatex
8385   ttf-sazanami-gothic
8386 </p></blockquote>
8387
8388 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
8389
8390 <blockquote><p>
8391   amor artsbuilder atlantik atlantikdesigner blinken bluez-utils cvs
8392   dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop imlib-base imlib11 kalzium kanagram kandy
8393   kasteroids katomic kbackgammon kbattleship kblackbox kbounce kbruch
8394   kcron kdat kdemultimedia-kappfinder-data kdeprint kdict kdvi kedit
8395   keduca kenolaba kfax kfaxview kfouleggs kgeography kghostview
8396   kgoldrunner khangman khexedit kiconedit kig kimagemapeditor
8397   kitchensync kiten kjumpingcube klatin klettres klickety klines
8398   klinkstatus kmag kmahjongg kmailcvt kmenuedit kmid kmilo kmines
8399   kmousetool kmouth kmplot knetwalk kodo kolf kommander konquest kooka
8400   kpager kpat kpdf kpercentage kpilot kpoker kpovmodeler krec
8401   kregexpeditor kreversi ksame ksayit kshisen ksig ksim ksirc ksirtet
8402   ksmiletris ksnake ksokoban kspaceduel kstars ksvg ksysv kteatime
8403   ktip ktnef ktouch ktron kttsd ktuberling kturtle ktux kuickshow
8404   kverbos kview kviewshell kvoctrain kwifimanager kwin kwin4 kwordquiz
8405   kworldclock kxsldbg libakode2 libarts1-akode libarts1-audiofile
8406   libarts1-mpeglib libarts1-xine libavahi-compat-libdnssd1
8407   libavahi-core5 libavc1394-0 libbind9-50 libbluetooth2
8408   libboost-python1.34.1 libcucul0 libcurl3 libcvsservice0
8409   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdjvulibre21 libdvdread3 libfaad0 libfreebob0
8410   libgd2-noxpm libgraphviz4 libgsmme1c2a libgtkhtml2-0 libicu38
8411   libiec61883-0 libindex0 libisccc50 libisccfg50 libiw29
8412   libjaxp1.3-java-gcj libk3b3 libkcal2b libkcddb1 libkdeedu3
8413   libkdegames1 libkdepim1a libkgantt0 libkleopatra1 libkmime2
8414   libkpathsea4 libkpimexchange1 libkpimidentities1 libkscan1
8415   libksieve0 libktnef1 liblockdev1 libltdl3 liblwres50 libmagick10
8416   libmimelib1c2a libmodplug0c2 libmozjs1d libmpcdec3 libmpfr1ldbl
8417   libneon27 libnm-util0 libopensync0 libpisock9 libpoppler-glib3
8418   libpoppler-qt2 libpoppler3 libraw1394-8 librss1 libsensors3
8419   libsmbios2 libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90
8420   libtalloc1 libxalan2-java-gcj libxerces2-java-gcj libxtrap6 lskat
8421   mpeglib network-manager-kde noatun pmount tex-common texlive-base
8422   texlive-common texlive-doc-base texlive-fonts-recommended tidy
8423   ttf-dustin ttf-kochi-gothic ttf-sjfonts
8424 </p></blockquote>
8425
8426 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
8427
8428 <blockquote><p>
8429   dolphin kde-core kde-plasma-desktop kde-standard kde-window-manager
8430   kdeartwork kdebase kdebase-apps kdebase-workspace
8431   kdebase-workspace-bin kdebase-workspace-data kdeutils kscreensaver
8432   kscreensaver-xsavers libgle3 libkonq5 libkonq5-templates libnetpbm10
8433   netpbm plasma-widget-folderview plasma-widget-networkmanagement
8434   xscreensaver-data-extra xscreensaver-gl xscreensaver-gl-extra
8435   xscreensaver-screensaver-bsod
8436 </p></blockquote>
8437
8438 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
8439
8440 <blockquote><p>
8441   kdebase-bin konq-plugins konqueror
8442 </p></blockquote>
8443
8444       </div>
8445       <div class="tags">
8446
8447
8448         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8449
8450
8451       </div>
8452     </div>
8453     <div class="padding"></div>
8454
8455     <div class="entry">
8456       <div class="title">
8457         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gnash_buildbot_slave_and_Debian_kfreebsd.html">Gnash buildbot slave and Debian kfreebsd</a>
8458       </div>
8459       <div class="date">
8460         20th November 2010
8461       </div>
8462       <div class="body">
8463         <p>Answering
8464 <a href="http://www.listware.net/201011/gnash-dev/67431-gnash-dev-buildbot-looking-for-slaves.html">the
8465 call from the Gnash project</a> for
8466 <a href="http://www.gnashdev.org:8010">buildbot</a> slaves to test the
8467 current source, I have set up a virtual KVM machine on the Debian
8468 Edu/Skolelinux virtualization host to test the git source on
8469 Debian/Squeeze.  I hope this can help the developers in getting new
8470 releases out more often.</p>
8471
8472 <p>As the developers want less main-stream build platforms tested to,
8473 I have considered setting up a <a
8474 href="http://www.debian.org/ports/kfreebsd-gnu/">Debian/kfreebsd</a>
8475 machine as well.  I have also considered using the kfreebsd
8476 architecture in Debian as a file server in NUUG to get access to the 5
8477 TB zfs volume we currently use to store DV video.  Because of this, I
8478 finally got around to do a test installation of Debian/Squeeze with
8479 kfreebsd.  Installation went fairly smooth, thought I noticed some
8480 visual glitches in the cdebconf dialogs (black cursor left on the
8481 screen at random locations).  Have not gotten very far with the
8482 testing.  Noticed cfdisk did not work, but fdisk did so it was not a
8483 fatal problem.  Have to spend some more time on it to see if it is
8484 useful as a file server for NUUG.  Will try to find time to set up a
8485 gnash buildbot slave on the Debian Edu/Skolelinux this weekend.</p>
8486
8487       </div>
8488       <div class="tags">
8489
8490
8491         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
8492
8493
8494       </div>
8495     </div>
8496     <div class="padding"></div>
8497
8498     <div class="entry">
8499       <div class="title">
8500         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Making_room_on_the_Debian_Edu_Sqeeze_DVD.html">Making room on the Debian Edu/Sqeeze DVD</a>
8501       </div>
8502       <div class="date">
8503          7th November 2010
8504       </div>
8505       <div class="body">
8506         <p>Prioritising packages for the Debian Edu /
8507 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> DVD, which is
8508 supposed provide a school with all the services and user applications
8509 needed on the pupils computer network has always been hard.  Even
8510 schools without Internet connections should be able to get Debian Edu
8511 working using this DVD.</p>
8512
8513 <p>The job became a lot harder when apt and aptitude started
8514 installing recommended packages by default.  We want the same set of
8515 packages to be installed when using the DVD and the netinst CD, and
8516 that means all recommended packages need to be on the DVD.  I created
8517 a patch for debian-cd in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/601203">BTS
8518 report #601203</a> to do this, and since this change was applied to
8519 the Debian Edu DVD build, we have been seriously short on space.</p>
8520
8521 <p>A few days ago we decided to drop blender, wxmaxima and kicad from
8522 the default installation to save space on the DVD, believing that
8523 those needing these applications are few and can get them from the
8524 Debian archive.</p>
8525
8526 <p>Yesterday, I had a look what source packages to see which packages
8527 were using most space.  A few large packages are well know;
8528 openoffice.org, openclipart and fluid-soundfont.  But I also
8529 discovered that lilypond used 106 MiB and fglrx-driver used 53 MiB.
8530 The lilypond package is pulled in as a dependency for rosegarden, and
8531 when looking a bit closer I discovered that 99 MiB of the 106 MiB were
8532 the documentation package, which is recommended by the binary package.
8533 I decided to drop this documentation package from our DVD, as most of
8534 our users will use the GUI front-ends and do not need the lilypond
8535 documentation.  Similarly, I dropped the non-free fglrx-driver package
8536 which might be installed by d-i when its hardware is detected, as the
8537 free X driver should work.</p>
8538
8539 <p>With this change, we finally got space for the LXDE and Gnome
8540 desktop packages as well as the language specific packages making the
8541 DVD more useful again.</p>
8542
8543       </div>
8544       <div class="tags">
8545
8546
8547         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
8548
8549
8550       </div>
8551     </div>
8552     <div class="padding"></div>
8553
8554     <div class="entry">
8555       <div class="title">
8556         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Software_updates_2010_10_24.html">Software updates 2010-10-24</a>
8557       </div>
8558       <div class="date">
8559         24th October 2010
8560       </div>
8561       <div class="body">
8562         <p>Some updates.</p>
8563
8564 <p>My <a href="http://pledgebank.com/gnash-avm2">gnash pledge</a> to
8565 raise money for the project is going well.  The lower limit of 10
8566 signers was reached in 24 hours, and so far 13 people have signed it.
8567 More signers and more funding is most welcome, and I am really curious
8568 how far we can get before the time limit of December 24 is reached.
8569 :)</p>
8570
8571 <p>On the #gnash IRC channel on irc.freenode.net, I was just tipped
8572 about what appear to be a great code coverage tool capable of
8573 generating code coverage stats without any changes to the source code.
8574 It is called
8575 <a href="http://simonkagstrom.github.com/kcov/index.html">kcov</a>,
8576 and can be used using <tt>kcov &lt;directory&gt; &lt;binary&gt;</tt>.
8577 It is missing in Debian, but the git source built just fine in Squeeze
8578 after I installed libelf-dev, libdwarf-dev, pkg-config and
8579 libglib2.0-dev.  Failed to build in Lenny, but suspect that is
8580 solvable.  I hope kcov make it into Debian soon.</p>
8581
8582 <p>Finally found time to wrap up the release notes for <a
8583 href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2010/10/msg00002.html">a
8584 new alpha release of Debian Edu</a>, and just published the second
8585 alpha test release of the Squeeze based Debian Edu /
8586 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>
8587 release.  Give it a try if you need a complete linux solution for your
8588 school, including central infrastructure server, workstations, thin
8589 client servers and diskless workstations.  A nice touch added
8590 yesterday is RDP support on the thin client servers, for windows
8591 clients to get a Linux desktop on request.</p>
8592
8593       </div>
8594       <div class="tags">
8595
8596
8597         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>.
8598
8599
8600       </div>
8601     </div>
8602     <div class="padding"></div>
8603
8604     <div class="entry">
8605       <div class="title">
8606         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Some_notes_on_Flash_in_Debian_and_Debian_Edu.html">Some notes on Flash in Debian and Debian Edu</a>
8607       </div>
8608       <div class="date">
8609          4th September 2010
8610       </div>
8611       <div class="body">
8612         <p>In the <a href="http://popcon.debian.org/unknown/by_vote">Debian
8613 popularity-contest numbers</a>, the adobe-flashplugin package the
8614 second most popular used package that is missing in Debian.  The sixth
8615 most popular is flashplayer-mozilla.  This is a clear indication that
8616 working flash is important for Debian users.  Around 10 percent of the
8617 users submitting data to popcon.debian.org have this package
8618 installed.</p>
8619
8620 <p>In the report written by Lars Risan in August 2008
8621 («<a href="http://wiki.skolelinux.no/Dokumentasjon/Rapporter?action=AttachFile&do=view&target=Skolelinux_i_bruk_rapport_1.0.pdf">Skolelinux
8622 i bruk – Rapport for Hurum kommune, Universitetet i Agder og
8623 stiftelsen SLX Debian Labs</a>»), one of the most important problems
8624 schools experienced with <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian
8625 Edu/Skolelinux</a> was the lack of working Flash.  A lot of educational
8626 web sites require Flash to work, and lacking working Flash support in
8627 the web browser and the problems with installing it was perceived as a
8628 good reason to stay with Windows.</p>
8629
8630 <p>I once saw a funny and sad comment in a web forum, where Linux was
8631 said to be the retarded cousin that did not really understand
8632 everything you told him but could work fairly well.  This was a
8633 comment regarding the problems Linux have with proprietary formats and
8634 non-standard web pages, and is sad because it exposes a fairly common
8635 understanding of whose fault it is if web pages that only work in for
8636 example Internet Explorer 6 fail to work on Firefox, and funny because
8637 it explain very well how annoying it is for users when Linux
8638 distributions do not work with the documents they receive or the web
8639 pages they want to visit.</p>
8640
8641 <p>This is part of the reason why I believe it is important for Debian
8642 and Debian Edu to have a well working Flash implementation in the
8643 distribution, to get at least popular sites as Youtube and Google
8644 Video to working out of the box.  For Squeeze, Debian have the chance
8645 to include the latest version of Gnash that will make this happen, as
8646 the new release 0.8.8 was published a few weeks ago and is resting in
8647 unstable.  The new version work with more sites that version 0.8.7.
8648 The Gnash maintainers have asked for a freeze exception, but the
8649 release team have not had time to reply to it yet.  I hope they agree
8650 with me that Flash is important for the Debian desktop users, and thus
8651 accept the new package into Squeeze.</p>
8652
8653       </div>
8654       <div class="tags">
8655
8656
8657         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
8658
8659
8660       </div>
8661     </div>
8662     <div class="padding"></div>
8663
8664     <div class="entry">
8665       <div class="title">
8666         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_hard_link_handling_with_sshfs.html">Broken hard link handling with sshfs</a>
8667       </div>
8668       <div class="date">
8669         30th August 2010
8670       </div>
8671       <div class="body">
8672         <p>Just got an email from Tobias Gruetzmacher as a followup on my
8673 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_umask_handling_with_sshfs.html">previous
8674 post about sshfs</a>.  He reported another problem with sshfs.  It
8675 fail to handle hard links properly.  A simple way to spot this is to
8676 look at the . and .. entries in the directory tree.  These should have
8677 a link count >1, but on sshfs the count is 1.  I just tested to see
8678 what happen when trying to hardlink, and this fail as well:</p>
8679
8680 <pre>
8681 % ln foo bar
8682 ln: creating hard link `bar' => `foo': Function not implemented
8683 %
8684 </pre>
8685
8686 <p>I have not yet found time to implement a test for this in my file
8687 system test code, but believe having working hard links is useful to
8688 avoid surprised unix programs.  Not as useful as working file locking
8689 and symlinks, which are required to get a working desktop, but useful
8690 nevertheless. :)</p>
8691
8692 <p>The latest version of the file system test code is available via
8693 git from
8694 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a></p>
8695
8696       </div>
8697       <div class="tags">
8698
8699
8700         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
8701
8702
8703       </div>
8704     </div>
8705     <div class="padding"></div>
8706
8707     <div class="entry">
8708       <div class="title">
8709         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_i_Osloskolen.html">Skolelinux i Osloskolen</a>
8710       </div>
8711       <div class="date">
8712         26th August 2010
8713       </div>
8714       <div class="body">
8715         <p>Denne høsten skal endelig alle Osloskolene få mulighet til å bruke
8716 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>.  Ny IT-løsning
8717 har vært rullet ut i noen måneder nå, og så vidt jeg fikk vite før
8718 sommeren skulle alle skoler ha nytt opplegg på plass før oppstart nå i
8719 høst.  På alle skolene skal en kunne velge ved installasjon om en skal
8720 ha Windows eller Skolelinux på maskinene, og en kan i tillegg
8721 PXE-boote maskinene over nett som tynne klienter eller diskløse
8722 arbeidsstasjoner. Jeg er spent på hvor mange skoler som velger å ta i
8723 bruk Skolelinux, og gleder meg til å se hvordan dette utvikler seg.
8724 Løsningen leveres av
8725 <a href="http://www.logica.no/">Logica</a> med
8726 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a> som
8727 underleverandør, og jeg har vært involvert i utviklingen av løsningen
8728 via Skolelinux Drift AS siden prosjektet starter.  Jeg synes det er
8729 fantastisk at Skolelinux er kommet så langt siden vi startet i 2001 at
8730 alle elevene i Osloskolene nå skal få mulighet til å bruke
8731 løsningen.  Jeg håper de vil sette pris på alle de
8732 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.no/linux-signpost/">fantastiske
8733 brukerprogrammene</a> som er tilgjengelig i Skolelinux.</p>
8734
8735       </div>
8736       <div class="tags">
8737
8738
8739         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8740
8741
8742       </div>
8743     </div>
8744     <div class="padding"></div>
8745
8746     <div class="entry">
8747       <div class="title">
8748         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_umask_handling_with_sshfs.html">Broken umask handling with sshfs</a>
8749       </div>
8750       <div class="date">
8751         26th August 2010
8752       </div>
8753       <div class="body">
8754         <p>My file system sematics program
8755 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Testing_if_a_file_system_can_be_used_for_home_directories___.html">presented
8756 a few days ago</a> is very useful to verify that a file system can
8757 work as a unix home directory,and today I had to extend it a bit.  I'm
8758 looking into alternatives for home directory access here at the
8759 University of Oslo, and one of the options is sshfs.  My friend
8760 Finn-Arne mentioned a while back that they had used sshfs with Debian
8761 Edu, but stopped because of problems.  I asked today what the problems
8762 where, and he mentioned that sshfs failed to handle umask properly.
8763 Trying to detect the problem I wrote this addition to my fs testing
8764 script:</p>
8765
8766 <pre>
8767 mode_t touch_get_mode(const char *name, mode_t mode) {
8768   mode_t retval = 0;
8769   int fd = open(name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_LARGEFILE, mode);
8770   if (-1 != fd) {
8771     unlink(name);
8772     struct stat statbuf;
8773     if (-1 != fstat(fd, &statbuf)) {
8774       retval = statbuf.st_mode & 0x1ff;
8775     }
8776     close(fd);
8777   }
8778   return retval;
8779 }
8780
8781 /* Try to detect problem discovered using sshfs */
8782 int test_umask(void) {
8783   printf("info: testing umask effect on file creation\n");
8784
8785   mode_t orig_umask = umask(000);
8786   mode_t newmode;
8787   if (0666 != (newmode = touch_get_mode("foobar", 0666))) {
8788     printf("  error: Wrong file mode %o when creating using mode 666 and umask 000\n",
8789            newmode);
8790   }
8791   umask(007);
8792   if (0660 != (newmode = touch_get_mode("foobar", 0666))) {
8793     printf("  error: Wrong file mode %o when creating using mode 666 and umask 007\n",
8794            newmode);
8795   }
8796
8797   umask (orig_umask);
8798   return 0;
8799 }
8800
8801 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
8802   [...]
8803   test_umask();
8804   return 0;
8805 }
8806 </pre>
8807
8808 <p>Sure enough.  On NFS to a netapp, I get this result:</p>
8809
8810 <pre>
8811 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
8812 info: testing symlink creation
8813 info: testing subdirectory creation
8814 info: testing fcntl locking
8815   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
8816   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
8817   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
8818   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
8819   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
8820   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
8821 info: testing umask effect on file creation
8822 </pre>
8823
8824 <p>When mounting the same directory using sshfs, I get this
8825 result:</p>
8826
8827 <pre>
8828 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
8829 info: testing symlink creation
8830 info: testing subdirectory creation
8831 info: testing fcntl locking
8832   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
8833   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
8834   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
8835   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
8836   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
8837   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
8838 info: testing umask effect on file creation
8839   error: Wrong file mode 644 when creating using mode 666 and umask 000
8840   error: Wrong file mode 640 when creating using mode 666 and umask 007
8841 </pre>
8842
8843 <p>So, I can conclude that sshfs is better than smb to a Netapp or a
8844 Windows server, but not good enough to be used as a home
8845 directory.</p>
8846
8847 <p>Update 2010-08-26: Reported the issue in
8848 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/594498">BTS report #594498</a></p>
8849
8850 <p>Update 2010-08-27: Michael Gebetsroither report that he found the
8851 script so useful that he created a GIT repository and stored it in
8852 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a>.</p>
8853
8854       </div>
8855       <div class="tags">
8856
8857
8858         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
8859
8860
8861       </div>
8862     </div>
8863     <div class="padding"></div>
8864
8865     <div class="entry">
8866       <div class="title">
8867         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/No_hardcoded_config_on_Debian_Edu_clients.html">No hardcoded config on Debian Edu clients</a>
8868       </div>
8869       <div class="date">
8870          9th August 2010
8871       </div>
8872       <div class="body">
8873         <p>As reported earlier, the last few days I have looked at how Debian
8874 Edu clients are configured, and tried to get rid of all hardcoded
8875 configuration settings on the clients.  I believe the work to be
8876 mostly done, and the clients seem to work just fine with dynamically
8877 generated configuration.</p>
8878
8879 <p>What is the point, you might ask?  The point is to allow a Debian
8880 Edu desktop to integrate into an existing network infrastructure
8881 without any manual configuration.</p>
8882
8883 <p>This is what happens when installing a Debian Edu client here at
8884 the University of Oslo using PXE.  With the PXE installation, I am
8885 asked for language (Norwegian Bokmål), locality (Norway) and keyboard
8886 layout (no-latin1), Debian Edu profile (Roaming Workstation), if I
8887 accept to reformat the hard drive (yes), if I want to submit info to
8888 popcon.debian.org (no) and root password (secret).  After answering
8889 these questions, the installer goes ahead and does its thing, and
8890 after around 50 minutes it is done.  I press enter to finish the
8891 installation, and the machine reboots into KDE.  When the machine is
8892 ready and kdm asks for login information, I enter my university
8893 username and password, am told by kdm that a local home directory has
8894 been created and that I must log in again, and finally log in with the
8895 same username and password to the KDE 4.4 desktop.  At no point during
8896 this process did it ask for university specific settings, and all the
8897 required configuration was dynamically detected using information
8898 fetched via DHCP and DNS.  The roaming workstation is now ready for
8899 use.</p>
8900
8901 <p>How was this done, you might wonder?  First of all, here is the
8902 list of things that need to be configured on the client to get it
8903 working properly out of the box:</p>
8904
8905 <ul>
8906 <li>IP address/netmask and DNS server.</li>
8907 <li>Web proxy URL.</li>
8908 <li>LDAP server for NSS directory information (user, group, etc).</li>
8909 <li>Kerberos server for PAM password checking.</li>
8910 <li>SMB mount point to access the network home directory. (*)</li>
8911 <li>Central syslog server to send syslog messages to. (*)</li>
8912 <li>Sitesummary collector URL to submit info to central server. (*)</li>
8913 </ul>
8914
8915 <p>(Hm, did I forget anything?  Let me knew if I did.)</p>
8916
8917 <p>The points marked (*) are not required to be able to use the
8918 machine, but needed to provide central storage and allowing system
8919 administrators to track their machines.  Since yesterday, everything
8920 but the sitesummary collector URL is dynamically discovered at boot
8921 and installation time in the svn version of Debian Edu.</p>
8922
8923 <p>The IP and DNS setup is fetched during boot using DHCP as usual.
8924 When a DHCP update arrives, the proxy setup is updated by looking for
8925 http://wpat/wpad.dat and using the content of this WPAD file to
8926 configure the http and ftp proxy in /etc/environment and
8927 /etc/apt/apt.conf.  I decided to update the proxy setup using a DHCP
8928 hook to ensure that the client stops using the Debian Edu proxy when
8929 it is moved outside the Debian Edu network, and instead uses any local
8930 proxy present on the new network when it moves around.</p>
8931
8932 <p>The DNS names of the LDAP, Kerberos and syslog server and related
8933 configuration are generated using DNS information at boot.  First the
8934 installer looks for a host named ldap in the current DNS domain.  If
8935 not found, it looks for _ldap._tcp SRV records in DNS instead.  If an
8936 LDAP server is found, its root DSE entry is requested and the
8937 attributes namingContexts and defaultNamingContext are used to
8938 determine which LDAP base to use for NSS.  If there are several
8939 namingContexts attibutes and the defaultNamingContext is present, that
8940 LDAP subtree is used as the base.  If defaultNamingContext is missing,
8941 the subtrees listed as namingContexts are searched in sequence for any
8942 object with class posixAccount or posixGroup, and the first one with
8943 such an object is used as the LDAP base.  For Kerberos, a similar
8944 search is done by first looking for a host named kerberos, and then
8945 for the _kerberos._tcp SRV record.  I've been unable to find a way to
8946 look up the Kerberos realm, so for this the upper case string of the
8947 current DNS domain is used.</p>
8948
8949 <p>For the syslog server, the hosts syslog and loghost are searched
8950 for, and the _syslog._udp SRV record is consulted if no such host is
8951 found.  This algorithm works for both Debian Edu and the University of
8952 Oslo.  A similar strategy would work for locating the sitesummary
8953 server, but have not been implemented yet.  I decided to fetch and
8954 save these settings during installation, to make sure moving to a
8955 different network does not change the set of users being allowed to
8956 log in nor the passwords required to log in.  Usernames and passwords
8957 will be cached by sssd when the user logs in on the Debian Edu
8958 network, and will not change as the laptop move around.  For a
8959 non-roaming machine, there is no caching, but given that it is
8960 supposed to stay in place it should not matter much.  Perhaps we
8961 should switch those to use sssd too?</p>
8962
8963 <p>The user's SMB mount point for the network home directory is
8964 located when the user logs in for the first time.  The LDAP server is
8965 consulted to look for the user's LDAP object and the sambaHomePath
8966 attribute is used if found.  If it isn't found, the home directory
8967 path fetched from NSS is used instead.  Assuming the path is of the
8968 form /site/server/directory/username, the second part is looked up in
8969 DNS and used to generate a SMB URL of the form
8970 smb://server.domain/username.  This algorithm works for both Debian
8971 edu and the University of Oslo.  Perhaps there are better attributes
8972 to use or a better algorithm that works for more sites, but this will
8973 do for now. :)</p>
8974
8975 <p>This work should make it easier to integrate the Debian Edu clients
8976 into any LDAP/Kerberos infrastructure, and make the current setup even
8977 more flexible than before.  I suspect it will also work for thin
8978 client servers, allowing one to easily set up LTSP and hook it into a
8979 existing network infrastructure, but I have not had time to test this
8980 yet.</p>
8981
8982 <p>If you want to help out with implementing these things for Debian
8983 Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
8984
8985 <p>Update 2010-08-09: Simon Farnsworth gave me a heads-up on how to
8986 detect Kerberos realm from DNS, by looking for _kerberos TXT entries
8987 before falling back to the upper case DNS domain name.  Will have to
8988 implement it for Debian Edu. :)</p>
8989
8990       </div>
8991       <div class="tags">
8992
8993
8994         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
8995
8996
8997       </div>
8998     </div>
8999     <div class="padding"></div>
9000
9001     <div class="entry">
9002       <div class="title">
9003         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Testing_if_a_file_system_can_be_used_for_home_directories___.html">Testing if a file system can be used for home directories...</a>
9004       </div>
9005       <div class="date">
9006          8th August 2010
9007       </div>
9008       <div class="body">
9009         <p>A few years ago, I was involved in a project planning to use
9010 Windows file servers as home directory servers for Debian
9011 Edu/Skolelinux machines.  This was thought to be no problem, as the
9012 access would be through the SMB network file system protocol, and we
9013 knew other sites used SMB with unix and samba as the file server to
9014 mount home directories without any problems.  But, after months of
9015 struggling, we had to conclude that our goal was impossible.</p>
9016
9017 <p>The reason is simply that while SMB can be used for home
9018 directories when the file server is Samba running on Unix, this only
9019 work because of Samba have some extensions and the fact that the
9020 underlying file system is a unix file system.  When using a Windows
9021 file server, the underlying file system do not have POSIX semantics,
9022 and several programs will fail if the users home directory where they
9023 want to store their configuration lack POSIX semantics.</p>
9024
9025 <p>As part of this work, I wrote a small C program I want to share
9026 with you all, to replicate a few of the problematic applications (like
9027 OpenOffice.org and GCompris) and see if the file system was working as
9028 it should.  If you find yourself in spooky file system land, it might
9029 help you find your way out again.  This is the fs-test.c source:</p>
9030
9031 <pre>
9032 /*
9033  * Some tests to check the file system sematics.  Used to verify that
9034  * CIFS from a windows server do not work properly as a linux home
9035  * directory.
9036  * License: GPL v2 or later
9037  *
9038  * needs libsqlite3-dev and build-essential installed
9039  * compile with: gcc -Wall -lsqlite3 -DTEST_SQLITE fs-test.c -o fs-test
9040 */
9041
9042 #define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS 64
9043 #define _LARGEFILE_SOURCE 1
9044 #define _LARGEFILE64_SOURCE 1
9045
9046 #define _GNU_SOURCE /* for asprintf() */
9047
9048 #include &lt;errno.h>
9049 #include &lt;fcntl.h>
9050 #include &lt;stdio.h>
9051 #include &lt;string.h>
9052 #include &lt;stdlib.h>
9053 #include &lt;sys/file.h>
9054 #include &lt;sys/stat.h>
9055 #include &lt;sys/types.h>
9056 #include &lt;unistd.h>
9057
9058 #ifdef TEST_SQLITE
9059 /*
9060  * Test sqlite open, as done by gcompris require the libsqlite3-dev
9061  * package and linking with -lsqlite3.  A more low level test is
9062  * below.
9063  * See also &lt;URL: http://www.sqlite.org./faq.html#q5 >.
9064  */
9065 #include &lt;sqlite3.h>
9066 #define CREATE_TABLE_USERS                                              \
9067   "CREATE TABLE users (user_id INT UNIQUE, login TEXT, lastname TEXT, firstname TEXT, birthdate TEXT, class_id INT ); "
9068 int test_sqlite_open(void) {
9069   char *zErrMsg;
9070   char *name = "testsqlite.db";
9071   sqlite3 *db=NULL;
9072   unlink(name);
9073   int rc = sqlite3_open(name, &db);
9074   if( rc ){
9075     printf("error: sqlite open of %s failed: %s\n", name, sqlite3_errmsg(db));
9076     sqlite3_close(db);
9077     return -1;
9078   }
9079
9080   /* create tables */
9081   rc = sqlite3_exec(db,CREATE_TABLE_USERS, NULL,  0, &zErrMsg);
9082   if( rc != SQLITE_OK ){
9083     printf("error: sqlite table create failed: %s\n", zErrMsg);
9084     sqlite3_close(db);
9085     return -1;
9086   }
9087   printf("info: sqlite worked\n");
9088   sqlite3_close(db);
9089   return 0;
9090 }
9091 #endif /* TEST_SQLITE */
9092
9093 /*
9094  * Demonstrate locking issue found in gcompris using sqlite3.  This
9095  * work with ext3, but not with cifs server on Windows 2003.  This is
9096  * done in the sqlite3 library.
9097  * See also
9098  * &lt;URL:http://www.cygwin.com/ml/cygwin/2001-08/msg00854.html> and the
9099  * POSIX specification
9100  * &lt;URL:http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/fcntl.html>.
9101  */
9102 int test_gcompris_locking(void) {
9103   struct flock fl;
9104   char *name = "testsqlite.db";
9105   unlink(name);
9106   int fd = open(name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_LARGEFILE, 0644);
9107   printf("info: testing fcntl locking\n");
9108
9109   fl.l_whence = SEEK_SET;
9110   fl.l_pid    = getpid();
9111   printf("  Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824");
9112   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
9113   fl.l_len    = 1;
9114   fl.l_type   = F_RDLCK;
9115   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
9116
9117   printf("  Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826");
9118   fl.l_start  = 1073741826;
9119   fl.l_len    = 510;
9120   fl.l_type   = F_RDLCK;
9121   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
9122
9123   printf("  Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824");
9124   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
9125   fl.l_len    = 1;
9126   fl.l_type   = F_UNLCK;
9127   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
9128
9129   printf("  Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824");
9130   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
9131   fl.l_len    = 1;
9132   fl.l_type   = F_WRLCK;
9133   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
9134
9135   printf("  Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826");
9136   fl.l_start  = 1073741826;
9137   fl.l_len    = 510;
9138   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
9139
9140   printf("  Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824");
9141   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
9142   fl.l_len    = 2;
9143   fl.l_type   = F_UNLCK;
9144   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
9145
9146   close(fd);
9147   return 0;
9148 }
9149
9150 /*
9151  * Test if permissions of freshly created directories allow entries
9152  * below them.  This was a problem with OpenOffice.org and gcompris.
9153  * Mounting with option 'sync' seem to solve this problem while
9154  * slowing down file operations.
9155  */
9156 int test_subdirectory_creation(void) {
9157 #define LEVELS 5
9158   char *path = strdup("test");
9159   char *dirs[LEVELS];
9160   int level;
9161   printf("info: testing subdirectory creation\n");
9162   for (level = 0; level &lt; LEVELS; level++) {
9163     char *newpath = NULL;
9164     if (-1 == mkdir(path, 0777)) {
9165       printf("  error: Unable to create directory '%s': %s\n",
9166              path, strerror(errno));
9167       break;
9168     }
9169     asprintf(&newpath, "%s/%s", path, "test");
9170     free(path);
9171     path = newpath;
9172   }
9173   return 0;
9174 }
9175
9176 /*
9177  * Test if symlinks can be created.  This was a problem detected with
9178  * KDE.
9179  */
9180 int test_symlinks(void) {
9181   printf("info: testing symlink creation\n");
9182   unlink("symlink");
9183   if (-1 == symlink("file", "symlink"))
9184     printf("  error: Unable to create symlink\n");
9185   return 0;
9186 }
9187
9188 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
9189   printf("Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system\n");
9190   test_symlinks();
9191   test_subdirectory_creation();
9192 #ifdef TEST_SQLITE
9193   test_sqlite_open();
9194 #endif /* TEST_SQLITE */
9195   test_gcompris_locking();
9196   return 0;
9197 }
9198 </pre>
9199
9200 <p>When everything is working, it should print something like
9201 this:</p>
9202
9203 <pre>
9204 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
9205 info: testing symlink creation
9206 info: testing subdirectory creation
9207 info: sqlite worked
9208 info: testing fcntl locking
9209   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
9210   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
9211   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
9212   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
9213   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
9214   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
9215 </pre>
9216
9217 <p>I do not remember the exact details of the problems we saw, but one
9218 of them was with locking, where if I remember correctly, POSIX allow a
9219 read-only lock to be upgraded to a read-write lock without unlocking
9220 the read-only lock (while Windows do not).  Another was a bug in the
9221 CIFS/SMB client implementation in the Linux kernel where directory
9222 meta information would be wrong for a fraction of a second, making
9223 OpenOffice.org fail to create its deep directory tree because it was
9224 not allowed to create files in its freshly created directory.</p>
9225
9226 <p>Anyway, here is a nice tool for your tool box, might you never need
9227 it. :)</p>
9228
9229 <p>Update 2010-08-27: Michael Gebetsroither report that he found the
9230 script so useful that he created a GIT repository and stored it in
9231 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a>.</p>
9232
9233       </div>
9234       <div class="tags">
9235
9236
9237         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
9238
9239
9240       </div>
9241     </div>
9242     <div class="padding"></div>
9243
9244     <div class="entry">
9245       <div class="title">
9246         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Autodetecting_Client_setup_for_roaming_workstations_in_Debian_Edu.html">Autodetecting Client setup for roaming workstations in Debian Edu</a>
9247       </div>
9248       <div class="date">
9249          7th August 2010
9250       </div>
9251       <div class="body">
9252         <p>A few days ago, I
9253 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_roaming_workstation___at_the_university_of_Oslo.html">tried
9254 to install</a> a Roaming workation profile from Debian Edu/Squeeze
9255 while on the university network here at the University of Oslo, and
9256 noticed how much had to change to get it operational using the
9257 university infrastructure.  It was fairly easy, but it occured to me
9258 that Debian Edu would improve a lot if I could get the client to
9259 connect without any changes at all, and thus let the client configure
9260 itself during installation and first boot to use the infrastructure
9261 around it.  Now I am a huge step further along that road.</p>
9262
9263 <p>With our current squeeze-test packages, I can select the roaming
9264 workstation profile and get a working laptop connecting to the
9265 university LDAP server for user and group and our active directory
9266 servers for Kerberos authentication.  All this without any
9267 configuration at all during installation.  My users home directory got
9268 a bookmark in the KDE menu to mount it via SMB, with the correct URL.
9269 In short, openldap and sssd is correctly configured.  In addition to
9270 this, the client look for http://wpad/wpad.dat to configure a web
9271 proxy, and when it fail to find it no proxy settings are stored in
9272 /etc/environment and /etc/apt/apt.conf.  Iceweasel and KDE is
9273 configured to look for the same wpad configuration and also do not use
9274 a proxy when at the university network.  If the machine is moved to a
9275 network with such wpad setup, it would automatically use it when DHCP
9276 gave it a IP address.</p>
9277
9278 <p>The LDAP server is located using DNS, by first looking for the DNS
9279 entry ldap.$domain.  If this do not exist, it look for the
9280 _ldap._tcp.$domain SRV records and use the first one as the LDAP
9281 server.  Next, it connects to the LDAP server and search all
9282 namingContexts entries for posixAccount or posixGroup objects, and
9283 pick the first one as the LDAP base.  For Kerberos, a similar
9284 algorithm is used to locate the LDAP server, and the realm is the
9285 uppercase version of $domain.</p>
9286
9287 <p>So, what is not working, you might ask.  SMB mounting my home
9288 directory do not work.  No idea why, but suspected the incorrect
9289 Kerberos settings in /etc/krb5.conf and /etc/samba/smb.conf might be
9290 the cause.  These are not properly configured during installation, and
9291 had to be hand-edited to get the correct Kerberos realm and server,
9292 but SMB mounting still do not work. :(</p>
9293
9294 <p>With this automatic configuration in place, I expect a Debian Edu
9295 roaming profile installation would be able to automatically detect and
9296 connect to any site using LDAP and Kerberos for NSS directory and PAM
9297 authentication.  It should also work out of the box in a Active
9298 Directory environment providing posixAccount and posixGroup objects
9299 with UID and GID values.</p>
9300
9301 <p>If you want to help out with implementing these things for Debian
9302 Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
9303
9304       </div>
9305       <div class="tags">
9306
9307
9308         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
9309
9310
9311       </div>
9312     </div>
9313     <div class="padding"></div>
9314
9315     <div class="entry">
9316       <div class="title">
9317         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_roaming_workstation___at_the_university_of_Oslo.html">Debian Edu roaming workstation - at the university of Oslo</a>
9318       </div>
9319       <div class="date">
9320          3rd August 2010
9321       </div>
9322       <div class="body">
9323         <p>The new roaming workstation profile in Debian Edu/Squeeze is fairly
9324 similar to the laptop setup am I working on using Ubuntu for the
9325 University of Oslo, and just for the heck of it, I tested today how
9326 hard it would be to integrate that profile into the university
9327 infrastructure.  In this case, it is the university LDAP server,
9328 Active Directory Kerberos server and SMB mounting from the Netapp file
9329 servers.</p>
9330
9331 <p>I was pleasantly surprised that the only three files needed to be
9332 changed (/etc/sssd/sssd.conf, /etc/ldap.conf and
9333 /etc/mklocaluser.d/20-debian-edu-config) and one file had to be added
9334 (/usr/share/perl5/Debian/Edu_Local.pm), to get the client working.
9335 Most of the changes were to get the client to use the university LDAP
9336 for NSS and Kerberos server for PAM, but one was to change a hard
9337 coded DNS domain name in the mklocaluser hook from .intern to
9338 .uio.no.</p>
9339
9340 <p>This testing was so encouraging, that I went ahead and adjusted the
9341 Debian Edu scripts and setup in subversion to centralise the roaming
9342 workstation setup a bit more and avoid the hardcoded DNS domain name,
9343 so that when I test this tomorrow, I expect to get away with modifying
9344 only /etc/sssd/sssd.conf and /etc/ldap.conf to get it to use the
9345 university servers.</p>
9346
9347 <p>My goal is to get the clients to have no hardcoded settings and
9348 fetch all their initial setup during installation and first boot, to
9349 allow them to be inserted also into environments where the default
9350 setup in Debian Edu has been changed or as with the university, where
9351 the environment is different but provides the protocols Debian Edu
9352 uses.</p>
9353
9354       </div>
9355       <div class="tags">
9356
9357
9358         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
9359
9360
9361       </div>
9362     </div>
9363     <div class="padding"></div>
9364
9365     <div class="entry">
9366       <div class="title">
9367         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Debian_Edu_test_release__alpha0__based_on_Squeeze_is_released.html">First Debian Edu test release (alpha0) based on Squeeze is released</a>
9368       </div>
9369       <div class="date">
9370         27th July 2010
9371       </div>
9372       <div class="body">
9373         <p>I just posted this announcement culminating several months of work
9374 with the next Debian Edu release.  Not nearly done, but one major step
9375 completed.</p>
9376
9377 <blockquote>
9378 <p>This is the first test release based on Squeeze. The focus of this
9379 release is to test the user application selection. To have a look,
9380 install the standalone profile and let the developers know if the set
9381 of installed packages i.e. applications should be modified. If some
9382 user application is missing, or if there are some applications that no
9383 longer make sense to be included in Debian Edu, please let us know.
9384 Also, if a useful application is missing the translation for your
9385 language of choice, please let us know too.</p>
9386
9387 <p>In addition, feedback and help to polish the desktop (menus,
9388 artwork, starters, etc.) is appreciated. We would like to ship a nice
9389 and handy KDE4 desktop targeted for schools out of the box.</p>
9390
9391 <p>The other profiles should be installable, but there is a lot more
9392 work left to be done before they are ready, so do not expect to
9393 much.</p>
9394
9395 <p>Changes compared to the lenny based version</p>
9396
9397 <ul>
9398 <li>Everything from Debian Squeeze
9399 <ul>
9400   <li>Desktop environment KDE 4.4 => the new KDE desktop in
9401          combination with some new artwork
9402   <li>Web browser Iceweasel 3.5
9403   <li>OpenOffice.org 3.2
9404   <li>Educational toolbox GCompris 9.3
9405   <li>Music creator Rosegarden 10.04.2
9406   <li>Image editor Gimp 2.6.10
9407   <li>Virtual universe Celestia 1.6.0
9408   <li>Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.10.4
9409   <li>3D modeler Blender 2.49.2 (new application)
9410   <li>Video editor Kdenlive 0.7.7 (new application)
9411 </ul></li>
9412 <li>Now using Kerberos for password checking (migration not finished).
9413     Enabled for:
9414 <ul>
9415   <li>PAM
9416   <li>LDAP
9417   <li>IMAP
9418   <li>SMTP (sender verification)
9419 </ul>
9420 </li>
9421 <li>New experimental roaming workstation profile for laptops.</li>
9422 <li>Show welcome page to users when they first log in. The URL is
9423     fetched from LDAP.</li>
9424 <li>New LXDE desktop option, in addition to KDE (default) and Gnome.</li>
9425 <li>General cleanup (not finished)</li>
9426 </ul>
9427 <p>The following features are not working as they should</p>
9428
9429 <ul>
9430 <li>No web based administration tool for creating users and groups. The
9431     scripts ldap-createuser-krb and ldap-add-user-to-group can be used
9432     for testing.</li>
9433 <li>DVD installs are missing debian-installer images for the PXE boot,
9434     and do not set up the PXE menu on eth0 because of this. LTSP
9435     clients should still boot from eth1 on thin client servers.</li>
9436 <li>The restructured KDE menu is not implemented.</li>
9437 <li>The LDAP server setup need to be reviewed for security.</li>
9438 <li>The LDAP directory structure need to be reworked.</li>
9439 <li>Different sets of packages are installed when using the DVD and the
9440     netinst CD. More packages are installed using the netinst CD.</li>
9441 <li>The jackd package fail to install. This is believed to be caused by
9442     some ongoing transition, and hopefully should be solved soon. The
9443     jackd1 package can be installed manually for those that need it.</li>
9444 <li>Some packages lack translations. See
9445     http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Squeeze for updated status,
9446     and help out with translations.</li>
9447 </ul>
9448
9449 <p>To download this multiarch netinstall release you can use</p>
9450
9451 <ul>
9452 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</a></li>
9453 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</a></li>
9454 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
9455 </ul>
9456 <p>To download this multiarch dvd release you can use</p>
9457
9458 <ul>
9459 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</a></li>
9460 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</a></li>
9461 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
9462 </ul>
9463
9464 <p>There is no source DVD available yet. It will be prepared when we
9465 get closer to the final release.</p>
9466
9467 <p>The MD5SUM of these images are</p>
9468
9469 <ul>
9470 <li>3dbf45d59f42a53518b6e3c9ec3b5eb6 debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
9471 <li>22f2cbfce281d1c6e478be452638675d debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
9472 </ul>
9473
9474 <p>The SHA1SUM of these images are</p>
9475 <ul>
9476 <li>c53d1b69b40cf37cd27aefaf33f6f6a3821bedf0 debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
9477 <li>2ec29d7db676d59d32197b05c277ffe16348376c debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
9478 </ul>
9479 <p>How to report bugs:
9480 http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugsInBugzilla</p>
9481
9482 <p>Please direct replies to debian-edu@lists.debian.org</p>
9483 </blockquote>
9484
9485       </div>
9486       <div class="tags">
9487
9488
9489         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
9490
9491
9492       </div>
9493     </div>
9494     <div class="padding"></div>
9495
9496     <div class="entry">
9497       <div class="title">
9498         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/One_step_closer_to_single_signon_in_Debian_Edu.html">One step closer to single signon in Debian Edu</a>
9499       </div>
9500       <div class="date">
9501         25th July 2010
9502       </div>
9503       <div class="body">
9504         <p>The last few months me and the other Debian Edu developers have
9505 been working hard to get the Debian/Squeeze based version of Debian
9506 Edu/Skolelinux into shape.  This future version will use Kerberos for
9507 authentication, and services are slowly migrated to single signon,
9508 getting rid of password questions one at the time.</p>
9509
9510 <p>It will also feature a roaming workstation profile with local home
9511 directory, for laptops that are only some times on the Skolelinux
9512 network, and for this profile a shortcut is created in Gnome and KDE
9513 to gain access to the users home directory on the file server.  This
9514 shortcut uses SMB at the moment, and yesterday I had time to test if
9515 SMB mounting had started working in KDE after we added the cifs-utils
9516 package.  I was pleasantly surprised how well it worked.</p>
9517
9518 <p>Thanks to the recent changes to our samba configuration to get it
9519 to use Kerberos for authentication, there were no question about user
9520 password when mounting the SMB volume.  A simple click on the shortcut
9521 in the KDE menu, and a window with the home directory popped
9522 up. :)</p>
9523
9524 <p>One step closer to a single signon solution out of the box in
9525 Debian Edu.  We already had PAM, LDAP, IMAP and SMTP in place, and now
9526 also Samba.  Next step is Cups and hopefully also NFS.</p>
9527
9528 <p>We had planned a alpha0 release of Debian Edu for today, but thanks
9529 to the autobuilder administrators for some architectures being slow to
9530 sign packages, we are still missing the fixed LTSP package we need for
9531 the release.  It was uploaded three days ago with urgency=high, and if
9532 it had entered testing yesterday we would have been able to test it in
9533 time for a alpha0 release today.  As the binaries for ia64 and powerpc
9534 still not uploaded to the Debian archive, we need to delay the alpha
9535 release another day.</p>
9536
9537 <p>If you want to help out with implementing Kerberos for Debian Edu,
9538 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
9539
9540       </div>
9541       <div class="tags">
9542
9543
9544         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet</a>.
9545
9546
9547       </div>
9548     </div>
9549     <div class="padding"></div>
9550
9551     <div class="entry">
9552       <div class="title">
9553         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/What_are_they_searching_for___PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_in_LDAP.html">What are they searching for - PowerDNS and ISC DHCP in LDAP</a>
9554       </div>
9555       <div class="date">
9556         17th July 2010
9557       </div>
9558       <div class="body">
9559         <p>This is a
9560 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">followup</a>
9561 on my
9562 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_a_change_to_LDAP_schemas_allowing_DNS_and_DHCP_info_to_be_combined_into_one_object.html">previous
9563 work</a> on
9564 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Combining_PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_LDAP_objects.html">merging
9565 all</a> the computer related LDAP objects in Debian Edu.</p>
9566
9567 <p>As a step to try to see if it possible to merge the DNS and DHCP
9568 LDAP objects, I have had a look at how the packages pdns-backend-ldap
9569 and dhcp3-server-ldap in Debian use the LDAP server.  The two
9570 implementations are quite different in how they use LDAP.</p>
9571
9572 To get this information, I started slapd with debugging enabled and
9573 dumped the debug output to a file to get the LDAP searches performed
9574 on a Debian Edu main-server.  Here is a summary.
9575
9576 <p><strong>powerdns</strong></p>
9577
9578 <a href="http://www.linuxnetworks.de/doc/index.php/PowerDNS_LDAP_Backend">Clues
9579 on how to</a> set up PowerDNS to use a LDAP backend is available on
9580 the web.
9581
9582 <p>PowerDNS have two modes of operation using LDAP as its backend.
9583 One "strict" mode where the forward and reverse DNS lookups are done
9584 using the same LDAP objects, and a "tree" mode where the forward and
9585 reverse entries are in two different subtrees in LDAP with a structure
9586 based on the DNS names, as in tjener.intern and
9587 2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa.</p>
9588
9589 <p>In tree mode, the server is set up to use a LDAP subtree as its
9590 base, and uses a "base" scoped search for the DNS name by adding
9591 "dc=tjener,dc=intern," to the base with a filter for
9592 "(associateddomain=tjener.intern)" for the forward entry and
9593 "dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa," with a filter for
9594 "(associateddomain=2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa)" for the reverse entry.  For
9595 forward entries, it is looking for attributes named dnsttl, arecord,
9596 nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord, ptrrecord, hinforecord, mxrecord,
9597 txtrecord, rprecord, afsdbrecord, keyrecord, aaaarecord, locrecord,
9598 srvrecord, naptrrecord, kxrecord, certrecord, dsrecord, sshfprecord,
9599 ipseckeyrecord, rrsigrecord, nsecrecord, dnskeyrecord, dhcidrecord,
9600 spfrecord and modifytimestamp.  For reverse entries it is looking for
9601 the attributes dnsttl, arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord,
9602 ptrrecord, hinforecord, mxrecord, txtrecord, rprecord, aaaarecord,
9603 locrecord, srvrecord, naptrrecord and modifytimestamp.  The equivalent
9604 ldapsearch commands could look like this:</p>
9605
9606 <blockquote><pre>
9607 ldapsearch -h ldap \
9608   -b dc=tjener,dc=intern,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no \
9609   -s base -x '(associateddomain=tjener.intern)' dNSTTL aRecord nSRecord \
9610   cNAMERecord sOARecord pTRRecord hInfoRecord mXRecord tXTRecord \
9611   rPRecord aFSDBRecord KeyRecord aAAARecord lOCRecord sRVRecord \
9612   nAPTRRecord kXRecord certRecord dSRecord sSHFPRecord iPSecKeyRecord \
9613   rRSIGRecord nSECRecord dNSKeyRecord dHCIDRecord sPFRecord modifyTimestamp
9614
9615 ldapsearch -h ldap \
9616   -b dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no \
9617   -s base -x '(associateddomain=2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa)'
9618   dnsttl, arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord soarecord ptrrecord \
9619   hinforecord mxrecord txtrecord rprecord aaaarecord locrecord \
9620   srvrecord naptrrecord modifytimestamp
9621 </pre></blockquote>
9622
9623 <p>In Debian Edu/Lenny, the PowerDNS tree mode is used with
9624 ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no as the base, and these are two
9625 example LDAP objects used there.  In addition to these objects, the
9626 parent objects all th way up to ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
9627 also exist.</p>
9628
9629 <blockquote><pre>
9630 dn: dc=tjener,dc=intern,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
9631 objectclass: top
9632 objectclass: dnsdomain
9633 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
9634 dc: tjener
9635 arecord: 10.0.2.2
9636 associateddomain: tjener.intern
9637
9638 dn: dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
9639 objectclass: top
9640 objectclass: dnsdomain2
9641 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
9642 dc: 2
9643 ptrrecord: tjener.intern
9644 associateddomain: 2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa
9645 </pre></blockquote>
9646
9647 <p>In strict mode, the server behaves differently.  When looking for
9648 forward DNS entries, it is doing a "subtree" scoped search with the
9649 same base as in the tree mode for a object with filter
9650 "(associateddomain=tjener.intern)" and requests the attributes dnsttl,
9651 arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord, ptrrecord, hinforecord,
9652 mxrecord, txtrecord, rprecord, aaaarecord, locrecord, srvrecord,
9653 naptrrecord and modifytimestamp.  For reverse entires it also do a
9654 subtree scoped search but this time the filter is "(arecord=10.0.2.2)"
9655 and the requested attributes are associateddomain, dnsttl and
9656 modifytimestamp.  In short, in strict mode the objects with ptrrecord
9657 go away, and the arecord attribute in the forward object is used
9658 instead.</p>
9659
9660 <p>The forward and reverse searches can be simulated using ldapsearch
9661 like this:</p>
9662
9663 <blockquote><pre>
9664 ldapsearch -h ldap -b ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no -s sub -x \
9665   '(associateddomain=tjener.intern)' dNSTTL aRecord nSRecord \
9666   cNAMERecord sOARecord pTRRecord hInfoRecord mXRecord tXTRecord \
9667   rPRecord aFSDBRecord KeyRecord aAAARecord lOCRecord sRVRecord \
9668   nAPTRRecord kXRecord certRecord dSRecord sSHFPRecord iPSecKeyRecord \
9669   rRSIGRecord nSECRecord dNSKeyRecord dHCIDRecord sPFRecord modifyTimestamp
9670
9671 ldapsearch -h ldap -b ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no -s sub -x \
9672   '(arecord=10.0.2.2)' associateddomain dnsttl modifytimestamp
9673 </pre></blockquote>
9674
9675 <p>In addition to the forward and reverse searches , there is also a
9676 search for SOA records, which behave similar to the forward and
9677 reverse lookups.</p>
9678
9679 <p>A thing to note with the PowerDNS behaviour is that it do not
9680 specify any objectclass names, and instead look for the attributes it
9681 need to generate a DNS reply.  This make it able to work with any
9682 objectclass that provide the needed attributes.</p>
9683
9684 <p>The attributes are normally provided in the cosine (RFC 1274) and
9685 dnsdomain2 schemas.  The latter is used for reverse entries like
9686 ptrrecord and recent DNS additions like aaaarecord and srvrecord.</p>
9687
9688 <p>In Debian Edu, we have created DNS objects using the object classes
9689 dcobject (for dc), dnsdomain or dnsdomain2 (structural, for the DNS
9690 attributes) and domainrelatedobject (for associatedDomain).  The use
9691 of structural object classes make it impossible to combine these
9692 classes with the object classes used by DHCP.</p>
9693
9694 <p>There are other schemas that could be used too, for example the
9695 dnszone structural object class used by Gosa and bind-sdb for the DNS
9696 attributes combined with the domainrelatedobject object class, but in
9697 this case some unused attributes would have to be included as well
9698 (zonename and relativedomainname).</p>
9699
9700 <p>My proposal for Debian Edu would be to switch PowerDNS to strict
9701 mode and not use any of the existing objectclasses (dnsdomain,
9702 dnsdomain2 and dnszone) when one want to combine the DNS information
9703 with DHCP information, and instead create a auxiliary object class
9704 defined something like this (using the attributes defined for
9705 dnsdomain and dnsdomain2 or dnszone):</p>
9706
9707 <blockquote><pre>
9708 objectclass ( some-oid NAME 'dnsDomainAux'
9709     SUP top
9710     AUXILIARY
9711     MAY ( ARecord $ MDRecord $ MXRecord $ NSRecord $ SOARecord $ CNAMERecord $
9712           DNSTTL $ DNSClass $ PTRRecord $ HINFORecord $ MINFORecord $
9713           TXTRecord $ SIGRecord $ KEYRecord $ AAAARecord $ LOCRecord $
9714           NXTRecord $ SRVRecord $ NAPTRRecord $ KXRecord $ CERTRecord $
9715           A6Record $ DNAMERecord
9716     ))
9717 </pre></blockquote>
9718
9719 <p>This will allow any object to become a DNS entry when combined with
9720 the domainrelatedobject object class, and allow any entity to include
9721 all the attributes PowerDNS wants.  I've sent an email to the PowerDNS
9722 developers asking for their view on this schema and if they are
9723 interested in providing such schema with PowerDNS, and I hope my
9724 message will be accepted into their mailing list soon.</p>
9725
9726 <p><strong>ISC dhcp</strong></p>
9727
9728 <p>The DHCP server searches for specific objectclass and requests all
9729 the object attributes, and then uses the attributes it want.  This
9730 make it harder to figure out exactly what attributes are used, but
9731 thanks to the working example in Debian Edu I can at least get an idea
9732 what is needed without having to read the source code.</p>
9733
9734 <p>In the DHCP server configuration, the LDAP base to use and the
9735 search filter to use to locate the correct dhcpServer entity is
9736 stored.  These are the relevant entries from
9737 /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf:</p>
9738
9739 <blockquote><pre>
9740 ldap-base-dn "dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no";
9741 ldap-dhcp-server-cn "dhcp";
9742 </pre></blockquote>
9743
9744 <p>The DHCP server uses this information to nest all the DHCP
9745 configuration it need.  The cn "dhcp" is located using the given LDAP
9746 base and the filter "(&(objectClass=dhcpServer)(cn=dhcp))".  The
9747 search result is this entry:</p>
9748
9749 <blockquote><pre>
9750 dn: cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
9751 cn: dhcp
9752 objectClass: top
9753 objectClass: dhcpServer
9754 dhcpServiceDN: cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
9755 </pre></blockquote>
9756
9757 <p>The content of the dhcpServiceDN attribute is next used to locate the
9758 subtree with DHCP configuration.  The DHCP configuration subtree base
9759 is located using a base scope search with base "cn=DHCP
9760 Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no" and filter
9761 "(&(objectClass=dhcpService)(|(dhcpPrimaryDN=cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no)(dhcpSecondaryDN=cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no)))".
9762 The search result is this entry:</p>
9763
9764 <blockquote><pre>
9765 dn: cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
9766 cn: DHCP Config
9767 objectClass: top
9768 objectClass: dhcpService
9769 objectClass: dhcpOptions
9770 dhcpPrimaryDN: cn=dhcp, dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
9771 dhcpStatements: ddns-update-style none
9772 dhcpStatements: authoritative
9773 dhcpOption: smtp-server code 69 = array of ip-address
9774 dhcpOption: www-server code 72 = array of ip-address
9775 dhcpOption: wpad-url code 252 = text
9776 </pre></blockquote>
9777
9778 <p>Next, the entire subtree is processed, one level at the time.  When
9779 all the DHCP configuration is loaded, it is ready to receive requests.
9780 The subtree in Debian Edu contain objects with object classes
9781 top/dhcpService/dhcpOptions, top/dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions,
9782 top/dhcpSubnet, top/dhcpGroup and top/dhcpHost.  These provide options
9783 and information about netmasks, dynamic range etc.  Leaving out the
9784 details here because it is not relevant for the focus of my
9785 investigation, which is to see if it is possible to merge dns and dhcp
9786 related computer objects.</p>
9787
9788 <p>When a DHCP request come in, LDAP is searched for the MAC address
9789 of the client (00:00:00:00:00:00 in this example), using a subtree
9790 scoped search with "cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no" as
9791 the base and "(&(objectClass=dhcpHost)(dhcpHWAddress=ethernet
9792 00:00:00:00:00:00))" as the filter.  This is what a host object look
9793 like:</p>
9794
9795 <blockquote><pre>
9796 dn: cn=hostname,cn=group1,cn=THINCLIENTS,cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
9797 cn: hostname
9798 objectClass: top
9799 objectClass: dhcpHost
9800 dhcpHWAddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
9801 dhcpStatements: fixed-address hostname
9802 </pre></blockquote>
9803
9804 <p>There is less flexiblity in the way LDAP searches are done here.
9805 The object classes need to have fixed names, and the configuration
9806 need to be stored in a fairly specific LDAP structure.  On the
9807 positive side, the invidiual dhcpHost entires can be anywhere without
9808 the DN pointed to by the dhcpServer entries.  The latter should make
9809 it possible to group all host entries in a subtree next to the
9810 configuration entries, and this subtree can also be shared with the
9811 DNS server if the schema proposed above is combined with the dhcpHost
9812 structural object class.
9813
9814 <p><strong>Conclusion</strong></p>
9815
9816 <p>The PowerDNS implementation seem to be very flexible when it come
9817 to which LDAP schemas to use.  While its "tree" mode is rigid when it
9818 come to the the LDAP structure, the "strict" mode is very flexible,
9819 allowing DNS objects to be stored anywhere under the base cn specified
9820 in the configuration.</p>
9821
9822 <p>The DHCP implementation on the other hand is very inflexible, both
9823 regarding which LDAP schemas to use and which LDAP structure to use.
9824 I guess one could implement ones own schema, as long as the
9825 objectclasses and attributes have the names used, but this do not
9826 really help when the DHCP subtree need to have a fairly fixed
9827 structure.</p>
9828
9829 <p>Based on the observed behaviour, I suspect a LDAP structure like
9830 this might work for Debian Edu:</p>
9831
9832 <blockquote><pre>
9833 ou=services
9834   cn=machine-info (dhcpService) - dhcpServiceDN points here
9835     cn=dhcp (dhcpServer)
9836     cn=dhcp-internal (dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions)
9837       cn=10.0.2.0 (dhcpSubnet)
9838         cn=group1 (dhcpGroup/dhcpOptions)
9839     cn=dhcp-thinclients (dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions)
9840       cn=192.168.0.0 (dhcpSubnet)
9841         cn=group1 (dhcpGroup/dhcpOptions)
9842     ou=machines - PowerDNS base points here
9843       cn=hostname (dhcpHost/domainrelatedobject/dnsDomainAux)
9844 </pre></blockquote>
9845
9846 <P>This is not tested yet.  If the DHCP server require the dhcpHost
9847 entries to be in the dhcpGroup subtrees, the entries can be stored
9848 there instead of a common machines subtree, and the PowerDNS base
9849 would have to be moved one level up to the machine-info subtree.</p>
9850
9851 <p>The combined object under the machines subtree would look something
9852 like this:</p>
9853
9854 <blockquote><pre>
9855 dn: dc=hostname,ou=machines,cn=machine-info,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
9856 dc: hostname
9857 objectClass: top
9858 objectClass: dhcpHost
9859 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
9860 objectclass: dnsDomainAux
9861 associateddomain: hostname.intern
9862 arecord: 10.11.12.13
9863 dhcpHWAddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
9864 dhcpStatements: fixed-address hostname.intern
9865 </pre></blockquote>
9866
9867 </p>One could even add the LTSP configuration associated with a given
9868 machine, as long as the required attributes are available in a
9869 auxiliary object class.</p>
9870
9871       </div>
9872       <div class="tags">
9873
9874
9875         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
9876
9877
9878       </div>
9879     </div>
9880     <div class="padding"></div>
9881
9882     <div class="entry">
9883       <div class="title">
9884         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Combining_PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_LDAP_objects.html">Combining PowerDNS and ISC DHCP LDAP objects</a>
9885       </div>
9886       <div class="date">
9887         14th July 2010
9888       </div>
9889       <div class="body">
9890         <p>For a while now, I have wanted to find a way to change the DNS and
9891 DHCP services in Debian Edu to use the same LDAP objects for a given
9892 computer, to avoid the possibility of having a inconsistent state for
9893 a computer in LDAP (as in DHCP but no DNS entry or the other way
9894 around) and make it easier to add computers to LDAP.</p>
9895
9896 <p>I've looked at how powerdns and dhcpd is using LDAP, and using this
9897 information finally found a solution that seem to work.</p>
9898
9899 <p>The old setup required three LDAP objects for a given computer.
9900 One forward DNS entry, one reverse DNS entry and one DHCP entry.  If
9901 we switch powerdns to use its strict LDAP method (ldap-method=strict
9902 in pdns-debian-edu.conf), the forward and reverse DNS entries are
9903 merged into one while making it impossible to transfer the reverse map
9904 to a slave DNS server.</p>
9905
9906 <p>If we also replace the object class used to get the DNS related
9907 attributes to one allowing these attributes to be combined with the
9908 dhcphost object class, we can merge the DNS and DHCP entries into one.
9909 I've written such object class in the dnsdomainaux.schema file (need
9910 proper OIDs, but that is a minor issue), and tested the setup.  It
9911 seem to work.</p>
9912
9913 <p>With this test setup in place, we can get away with one LDAP object
9914 for both DNS and DHCP, and even the LTSP configuration I suggested in
9915 an earlier email.  The combined LDAP object will look something like
9916 this:</p>
9917
9918 <blockquote><pre>
9919   dn: cn=hostname,cn=group1,cn=THINCLIENTS,cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
9920   cn: hostname
9921   objectClass: dhcphost
9922   objectclass: domainrelatedobject
9923   objectclass: dnsdomainaux
9924   associateddomain: hostname.intern
9925   arecord: 10.11.12.13
9926   dhcphwaddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
9927   dhcpstatements: fixed-address hostname
9928   ldapconfigsound: Y
9929 </pre></blockquote>
9930
9931 <p>The DNS server uses the associateddomain and arecord entries, while
9932 the DHCP server uses the dhcphwaddress and dhcpstatements entries
9933 before asking DNS to resolve the fixed-adddress.  LTSP will use
9934 dhcphwaddress or associateddomain and the ldapconfig* attributes.</p>
9935
9936 <p>I am not yet sure if I can get the DHCP server to look for its
9937 dhcphost in a different location, to allow us to put the objects
9938 outside the "DHCP Config" subtree, but hope to figure out a way to do
9939 that.  If I can't figure out a way to do that, we can still get rid of
9940 the hosts subtree and move all its content into the DHCP Config tree
9941 (which probably should be renamed to be more related to the new
9942 content.  I suspect cn=dnsdhcp,ou=services or something like that
9943 might be a good place to put it.</p>
9944
9945 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
9946 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
9947
9948       </div>
9949       <div class="tags">
9950
9951
9952         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
9953
9954
9955       </div>
9956     </div>
9957     <div class="padding"></div>
9958
9959     <div class="entry">
9960       <div class="title">
9961         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_storing_LTSP_configuration_in_LDAP.html">Idea for storing LTSP configuration in LDAP</a>
9962       </div>
9963       <div class="date">
9964         11th July 2010
9965       </div>
9966       <div class="body">
9967         <p>Vagrant mentioned on IRC today that ltsp_config now support
9968 sourcing files from /usr/share/ltsp/ltsp_config.d/ on the thin
9969 clients, and that this can be used to fetch configuration from LDAP if
9970 Debian Edu choose to store configuration there.</p>
9971
9972 <p>Armed with this information, I got inspired and wrote a test module
9973 to get configuration from LDAP.  The idea is to look up the MAC
9974 address of the client in LDAP, and look for attributes on the form
9975 ltspconfigsetting=value, and use this to export SETTING=value to the
9976 LTSP clients.</p>
9977
9978 <p>The goal is to be able to store the LTSP configuration attributes
9979 in a "computer" LDAP object used by both DNS and DHCP, and thus
9980 allowing us to store all information about a computer in one place.</p>
9981
9982 <p>This is a untested draft implementation, and I welcome feedback on
9983 this approach.  A real LDAP schema for the ltspClientAux objectclass
9984 need to be written.  Comments, suggestions, etc?</p>
9985
9986 <blockquote><pre>
9987 # Store in /opt/ltsp/$arch/usr/share/ltsp/ltsp_config.d/ldap-config
9988 #
9989 # Fetch LTSP client settings from LDAP based on MAC address
9990 #
9991 # Uses ethernet address as stored in the dhcpHost objectclass using
9992 # the dhcpHWAddress attribute or ethernet address stored in the
9993 # ieee802Device objectclass with the macAddress attribute.
9994 #
9995 # This module is written to be schema agnostic, and only depend on the
9996 # existence of attribute names.
9997 #
9998 # The LTSP configuration variables are saved directly using a
9999 # ltspConfig prefix and uppercasing the rest of the attribute name.
10000 # To set the SERVER variable, set the ltspConfigServer attribute.
10001 #
10002 # Some LDAP schema should be created with all the relevant
10003 # configuration settings.  Something like this should work:
10004 #
10005 # objectclass ( 1.1.2.2 NAME 'ltspClientAux'
10006 #     SUP top
10007 #     AUXILIARY
10008 #     MAY ( ltspConfigServer $ ltsConfigSound $ ... )
10009
10010 LDAPSERVER=$(debian-edu-ldapserver)
10011 if [ "$LDAPSERVER" ] ; then
10012     LDAPBASE=$(debian-edu-ldapserver -b)
10013     for MAC in $(LANG=C ifconfig |grep -i hwaddr| awk '{print $5}'|sort -u) ; do
10014         filter="(|(dhcpHWAddress=ethernet $MAC)(macAddress=$MAC))"
10015         ldapsearch -h "$LDAPSERVER" -b "$LDAPBASE" -v -x "$filter" | \
10016             grep '^ltspConfig' | while read attr value ; do
10017             # Remove prefix and convert to upper case
10018             attr=$(echo $attr | sed 's/^ltspConfig//i' | tr a-z A-Z)
10019             # bass value on to clients
10020             eval "$attr=$value; export $attr"
10021         done
10022     done
10023 fi
10024 </pre></blockquote>
10025
10026 <p>I'm not sure this shell construction will work, because I suspect
10027 the while block might end up in a subshell causing the variables set
10028 there to not show up in ltsp-config, but if that is the case I am sure
10029 the code can be restructured to make sure the variables are passed on.
10030 I expect that can be solved with some testing. :)</p>
10031
10032 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
10033 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
10034
10035 <p>Update 2010-07-17: I am aware of another effort to store LTSP
10036 configuration in LDAP that was created around year 2000 by
10037 <a href="http://www.pcxperience.com/thinclient/documentation/ldap.html">PC
10038 Xperience, Inc., 2000</a>.  I found its
10039 <a href="http://people.redhat.com/alikins/ltsp/ldap/">files</a> on a
10040 personal home page over at redhat.com.</p>
10041
10042       </div>
10043       <div class="tags">
10044
10045
10046         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10047
10048
10049       </div>
10050     </div>
10051     <div class="padding"></div>
10052
10053     <div class="entry">
10054       <div class="title">
10055         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/jXplorer__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">jXplorer, a very nice LDAP GUI</a>
10056       </div>
10057       <div class="date">
10058          9th July 2010
10059       </div>
10060       <div class="body">
10061         <p>Since
10062 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/LUMA__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">my
10063 last post</a> about available LDAP tools in Debian, I was told about a
10064 LDAP GUI that is even better than luma.  The java application
10065 <a href="http://jxplorer.org/">jXplorer</a> is claimed to be capable of
10066 moving LDAP objects and subtrees using drag-and-drop, and can
10067 authenticate using Kerberos.  I have only tested the Kerberos
10068 authentication, but do not have a LDAP setup allowing me to rewrite
10069 LDAP with my test user yet.  It is
10070 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/j/jxplorer.html">available in
10071 Debian</a> testing and unstable at the moment.  The only problem I
10072 have with it is how it handle errors.  If something go wrong, its
10073 non-intuitive behaviour require me to go through some query work list
10074 and remove the failing query.  Nothing big, but very annoying.</p>
10075
10076       </div>
10077       <div class="tags">
10078
10079
10080         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10081
10082
10083       </div>
10084     </div>
10085     <div class="padding"></div>
10086
10087     <div class="entry">
10088       <div class="title">
10089         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__apt_vs_aptitude_with_the_Gnome_desktop.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, apt vs aptitude with the Gnome desktop</a>
10090       </div>
10091       <div class="date">
10092          3rd July 2010
10093       </div>
10094       <div class="body">
10095         <p>Here is a short update on my <a
10096 href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">my
10097 Debian Lenny->Squeeze upgrade testing</a>.  Here is a summary of the
10098 difference for Gnome when it is upgraded by apt-get and aptitude.  I'm
10099 not reporting the status for KDE, because the upgrade crashes when
10100 aptitude try because of missing conflicts
10101 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584861">#584861</a> and
10102 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/585716">#585716</a>).</p>
10103
10104 <p>At the end of the upgrade test script, dpkg -l is executed to get a
10105 complete list of the installed packages.  Based on this I see these
10106 differences when I did a test run today.  As usual, I do not really
10107 know what the correct set of packages would be, but thought it best to
10108 publish the difference.</p>
10109
10110 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
10111
10112 <blockquote><p>
10113   at-spi cpp-4.3 finger gnome-spell gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
10114   libatspi1.0-0 libcupsys2 libeel2-data libgail-common libgdl-1-common
10115   libgnomeprint2.2-data libgnomeprintui2.2-common libgnomevfs2-bin
10116   libgtksourceview-common libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa
10117   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libservlet2.4-java libxalan2-java
10118   libxerces2-java openoffice.org-writer2latex openssl-blacklist p7zip
10119   python-4suite-xml python-eggtrayicon python-gtkhtml2
10120   python-gtkmozembed svgalibg1 xserver-xephyr zip
10121 </p></blockquote>
10122
10123 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
10124
10125 <blockquote><p>
10126   bluez-utils dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop epiphany-gecko
10127   gnome-app-install gnome-mount gnome-vfs-obexftp gnome-volume-manager
10128   libao2 libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5 libbind9-50
10129   libbluetooth2 libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7 libcucul0 libcurl3
10130   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdvdread3 libedata-cal1.2-6 libedataserver1.2-9
10131   libeel2-2.20 libepc-1.0-1 libepc-ui-1.0-1 libexchange-storage1.2-3
10132   libfaad0 libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libggz2 libggzcore9
10133   libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0 libgnome-desktop-2
10134   libgnome-pilot2 libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomeprint2.2-0
10135   libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtkhtml2-0
10136   libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgucharmap6 libhesiod0 libicu38 libisccc50
10137   libisccfg50 libiw29 libkpathsea4 libltdl3 liblwres50 libmagick++10
10138   libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmtp7 libmysqlclient15off libnautilus-burn4
10139   libneon27 libnm-glib0 libnm-util0 libopal-2.2 libosp5
10140   libparted1.8-10 libpisock9 libpisync1 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3
10141   libpt-1.10.10 libraw1394-8 libsensors3 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8
10142   libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1
10143   libtotem-plparser10 libtrackerclient0 libvoikko1 libxalan2-java-gcj
10144   libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12 libxtrap6 libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3
10145   mysql-common swfdec-gnome totem-gstreamer wodim
10146 </p></blockquote>
10147
10148 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
10149
10150 <blockquote><p>
10151   gnome gnome-desktop-environment hamster-applet python-gnomeapplet
10152   python-gnomekeyring python-wnck rhythmbox-plugins xorg
10153   xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
10154   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
10155   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-video-all
10156   xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark xserver-xorg-video-ati
10157   xserver-xorg-video-chips xserver-xorg-video-cirrus
10158   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
10159   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
10160   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-mach64
10161   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
10162   xserver-xorg-video-nouveau xserver-xorg-video-nv
10163   xserver-xorg-video-r128 xserver-xorg-video-radeon
10164   xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd xserver-xorg-video-rendition
10165   xserver-xorg-video-s3 xserver-xorg-video-s3virge
10166   xserver-xorg-video-savage xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion
10167   xserver-xorg-video-sis xserver-xorg-video-sisusb
10168   xserver-xorg-video-tdfx xserver-xorg-video-tga
10169   xserver-xorg-video-trident xserver-xorg-video-tseng
10170   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vmware
10171   xserver-xorg-video-voodoo
10172 </p></blockquote>
10173
10174 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
10175
10176 <blockquote><p>
10177   deskbar-applet xserver-xorg xserver-xorg-core
10178   xserver-xorg-input-wacom xserver-xorg-video-intel
10179   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome
10180 </p></blockquote>
10181
10182 <p>I was told on IRC that the xorg-xserver package was
10183 <a href="http://git.debian.org/?p=pkg-xorg/xserver/xorg-server.git;a=commit;h=9c8080d06c457932d3bfec021c69ac000aa60120">changed
10184 in git</a> today to try to get apt-get to not remove xorg completely.
10185 No idea when it hits Squeeze, but when it does I hope it will reduce
10186 the difference somewhat.
10187
10188       </div>
10189       <div class="tags">
10190
10191
10192         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
10193
10194
10195       </div>
10196     </div>
10197     <div class="padding"></div>
10198
10199     <div class="entry">
10200       <div class="title">
10201         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Caching_password__user_and_group_on_a_roaming_Debian_laptop.html">Caching password, user and group on a roaming Debian laptop</a>
10202       </div>
10203       <div class="date">
10204          1st July 2010
10205       </div>
10206       <div class="body">
10207         <p>For a laptop, centralized user directories and password checking is
10208 a bit troubling.  Laptops are typically used also when not connected
10209 to the network, and it is vital for a user to be able to log in or
10210 unlock the screen saver also when a central server is unavailable.
10211 This is possible by caching passwords and directory information (user
10212 and group attributes) locally, and the packages to do so are available
10213 in Debian.  Here follow two recipes to set this up in Debian/Squeeze.
10214 It is also possible to set up in Debian/Lenny, but require more manual
10215 setup there because pam-auth-update is missing in Lenny.</p>
10216
10217 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + nscd + libpam-ccreds + libpam-mklocaluser/pam_mkhomedir</h2>
10218
10219 This is the traditional method with a twist.  The password caching is
10220 provided by libpam-ccreds (version 10-4 or later is needed on
10221 Squeeze), and the directory caching is done by nscd.  The directory
10222 lookup and password checking is done using LDAP.  If one want to use
10223 Kerberos for password checking the libpam-ldapd package can be
10224 replaced with libpam-krb5 or libpam-heimdal.  If one is happy having a
10225 local home directory with the path listed in LDAP, one can use the
10226 pam_mkhomedir module from pam-modules to make this happen instead of
10227 using libpam-mklocaluser.  A setup for pam-auth-update to enable
10228 pam_mkhomedir will have to be written until a fix for
10229 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/568577">bug #568577</a> is in the
10230 archive.  Because I believe it is a bad idea to have local home
10231 directories using misleading paths like /site/server/partition/, I
10232 prefer to create a local user with the home directory in /home/.  This
10233 is done using the libpam-mklocaluser package.</p>
10234
10235 <p>These packages need to be installed and configured</p>
10236
10237 <blockquote><pre>
10238 libnss-ldapd libpam-ldapd nscd libpam-ccreds libpam-mklocaluser
10239 </pre></blockquote>
10240
10241 <p>The ldapd packages will ask for LDAP connection information, and
10242 one have to fill in the values that fits ones own site.  Make sure the
10243 PAM part uses encrypted connections, to make sure the password is not
10244 sent in clear text to the LDAP server.  I've been unable to get TLS
10245 certificate checking for a self signed certificate working, which make
10246 LDAP authentication unsafe for Debian Edu (nslcd is not checking if it
10247 is talking to the correct LDAP server), and very much welcome feedback
10248 on how to get this working.</p>
10249
10250 <p>Because nscd do not have a default configuration fit for offline
10251 caching until <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/485282">bug #485282</a>
10252 is fixed, this configuration should be used instead of the one
10253 currently in /etc/nscd.conf.  The changes are in the fields
10254 reload-count and positive-time-to-live, and is based on the
10255 instructions I found in the
10256 <a href="http://www.flyn.org/laptopldap/">LDAP for Mobile Laptops</a>
10257 instructions by Flyn Computing.</p>
10258
10259 <blockquote><pre>
10260         debug-level             0
10261         reload-count            unlimited
10262         paranoia                no
10263
10264         enable-cache            passwd          yes
10265         positive-time-to-live   passwd          2592000
10266         negative-time-to-live   passwd          20
10267         suggested-size          passwd          211
10268         check-files             passwd          yes
10269         persistent              passwd          yes
10270         shared                  passwd          yes
10271         max-db-size             passwd          33554432
10272         auto-propagate          passwd          yes
10273
10274         enable-cache            group           yes
10275         positive-time-to-live   group           2592000
10276         negative-time-to-live   group           20
10277         suggested-size          group           211
10278         check-files             group           yes
10279         persistent              group           yes
10280         shared                  group           yes
10281         max-db-size             group           33554432
10282         auto-propagate          group           yes
10283
10284         enable-cache            hosts           no
10285         positive-time-to-live   hosts           2592000
10286         negative-time-to-live   hosts           20
10287         suggested-size          hosts           211
10288         check-files             hosts           yes
10289         persistent              hosts           yes
10290         shared                  hosts           yes
10291         max-db-size             hosts           33554432
10292
10293         enable-cache            services        yes
10294         positive-time-to-live   services        2592000
10295         negative-time-to-live   services        20
10296         suggested-size          services        211
10297         check-files             services        yes
10298         persistent              services        yes
10299         shared                  services        yes
10300         max-db-size             services        33554432
10301 </pre></blockquote>
10302
10303 <p>While we wait for a mechanism to update /etc/nsswitch.conf
10304 automatically like the one provided in
10305 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/496915">bug #496915</a>, the file
10306 content need to be manually replaced to ensure LDAP is used as the
10307 directory service on the machine.  /etc/nsswitch.conf should normally
10308 look like this:</p>
10309
10310 <blockquote><pre>
10311 passwd:         files ldap
10312 group:          files ldap
10313 shadow:         files ldap
10314 hosts:          files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns mdns4
10315 networks:       files
10316 protocols:      files
10317 services:       files
10318 ethers:         files
10319 rpc:            files
10320 netgroup:       files ldap
10321 </pre></blockquote>
10322
10323 <p>The important parts are that ldap is listed last for passwd, group,
10324 shadow and netgroup.</p>
10325
10326 <p>With these changes in place, any user in LDAP will be able to log
10327 in locally on the machine using for example kdm, get a local home
10328 directory created and have the password as well as user and group
10329 attributes cached.
10330
10331 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + nss-updatedb + libpam-ccreds +
10332   libpam-mklocaluser/pam_mkhomedir</h2>
10333
10334 <p>Because nscd have had its share of problems, and seem to have
10335 problems doing proper caching, I've seen suggestions and recipes to
10336 use nss-updatedb to copy parts of the LDAP database locally when the
10337 LDAP database is available.  I have not tested such setup, because I
10338 discovered sssd.</p>
10339
10340 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + sssd + libpam-mklocaluser</h2>
10341
10342 <p>A more flexible and robust setup than the nscd combination
10343 mentioned earlier that has shown up recently, is the
10344 <a href="https://fedorahosted.org/sssd/">sssd</a> package from Redhat.
10345 It is part of the <a href="http://www.freeipa.org/">FreeIPA</A> project
10346 to provide a Active Directory like directory service for Linux
10347 machines.  The sssd system combines the caching of passwords and user
10348 information into one package, and remove the need for nscd and
10349 libpam-ccreds.  It support LDAP and Kerberos, but not NIS.  Version
10350 1.2 do not support netgroups, but it is said that it will support this
10351 in version 1.5 expected to show up later in 2010.  Because the
10352 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/sssd.html">sssd package</a>
10353 was missing in Debian, I ended up co-maintaining it with Werner, and
10354 version 1.2 is now in testing.
10355
10356 <p>These packages need to be installed and configured to get the
10357 roaming setup I want</p>
10358
10359 <blockquote><pre>
10360 libpam-sss libnss-sss libpam-mklocaluser
10361 </pre></blockquote>
10362
10363 The complete setup of sssd is done by editing/creating
10364 <tt>/etc/sssd/sssd.conf</tt>.
10365
10366 <blockquote><pre>
10367 [sssd]
10368 config_file_version = 2
10369 reconnection_retries = 3
10370 sbus_timeout = 30
10371 services = nss, pam
10372 domains = INTERN
10373
10374 [nss]
10375 filter_groups = root
10376 filter_users = root
10377 reconnection_retries = 3
10378
10379 [pam]
10380 reconnection_retries = 3
10381
10382 [domain/INTERN]
10383 enumerate = false
10384 cache_credentials = true
10385
10386 id_provider = ldap
10387 auth_provider = ldap
10388 chpass_provider = ldap
10389
10390 ldap_uri = ldap://ldap
10391 ldap_search_base = dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
10392 ldap_tls_reqcert = never
10393 ldap_tls_cacert = /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt
10394 </pre></blockquote>
10395
10396 <p>I got the same problem here with certificate checking.  Had to set
10397 "ldap_tls_reqcert = never" to get it working.</p>
10398
10399 <p>With the libnss-sss package in testing at the moment, the
10400 nsswitch.conf file is update automatically, so there is no need to
10401 modify it manually.</p>
10402
10403 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
10404 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
10405
10406       </div>
10407       <div class="tags">
10408
10409
10410         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10411
10412
10413       </div>
10414     </div>
10415     <div class="padding"></div>
10416
10417     <div class="entry">
10418       <div class="title">
10419         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/LUMA__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">LUMA, a very nice LDAP GUI</a>
10420       </div>
10421       <div class="date">
10422         28th June 2010
10423       </div>
10424       <div class="body">
10425         <p>The last few days I have been looking into the status of the LDAP
10426 directory in Debian Edu, and in the process I started to miss a GUI
10427 tool to browse the LDAP tree.  The only one I was able to find in
10428 Debian/Squeeze and Lenny is
10429 <a href="http://luma.sourceforge.net/">LUMA</a>, which has proved to
10430 be a great tool to get a overview of the current LDAP directory
10431 populated by default in Skolelinux.  Thanks to it, I have been able to
10432 find empty and obsolete subtrees, misplaced objects and duplicate
10433 objects.  It will be installed by default in Debian/Squeeze.  If you
10434 are working with LDAP, give it a go. :)</p>
10435
10436 <p>I did notice one problem with it I have not had time to report to
10437 the BTS yet.  There is no .desktop file in the package, so the tool do
10438 not show up in the Gnome and KDE menus, but only deep down in in the
10439 Debian submenu in KDE.  I hope that can be fixed before Squeeze is
10440 released.</p>
10441
10442 <p>I have not yet been able to get it to modify the tree yet.  I would
10443 like to move objects and remove subtrees directly in the GUI, but have
10444 not found a way to do that with LUMA yet.  So in the mean time, I use
10445 <a href="http://www.lichteblau.com/ldapvi/">ldapvi</a> for that.</p>
10446
10447 <p>If you have tips on other GUI tools for LDAP that might be useful
10448 in Debian Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
10449
10450 <p>Update 2010-06-29: Ross Reedstrom tipped us about the
10451 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/g/gq.html">gq</a> package as a
10452 useful GUI alternative.  It seem like a good tool, but is unmaintained
10453 in Debian and got a RC bug keeping it out of Squeeze.  Unless that
10454 changes, it will not be an option for Debian Edu based on Squeeze.</p>
10455
10456       </div>
10457       <div class="tags">
10458
10459
10460         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10461
10462
10463       </div>
10464     </div>
10465     <div class="padding"></div>
10466
10467     <div class="entry">
10468       <div class="title">
10469         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_a_change_to_LDAP_schemas_allowing_DNS_and_DHCP_info_to_be_combined_into_one_object.html">Idea for a change to LDAP schemas allowing DNS and DHCP info to be combined into one object</a>
10470       </div>
10471       <div class="date">
10472         24th June 2010
10473       </div>
10474       <div class="body">
10475         <p>A while back, I
10476 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">complained
10477 about the fact</a> that it is not possible with the provided schemas
10478 for storing DNS and DHCP information in LDAP to combine the two sets
10479 of information into one LDAP object representing a computer.</p>
10480
10481 <p>In the mean time, I discovered that a simple fix would be to make
10482 the dhcpHost object class auxiliary, to allow it to be combined with
10483 the dNSDomain object class, and thus forming one object for one
10484 computer when storing both DHCP and DNS information in LDAP.</p>
10485
10486 <p>If I understand this correctly, it is not safe to do this change
10487 without also changing the assigned number for the object class, and I
10488 do not know enough about LDAP schema design to do that properly for
10489 Debian Edu.</p>
10490
10491 <p>Anyway, for future reference, this is how I believe we could change
10492 the
10493 <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-dhc-ldap-schema-00">DHCP
10494 schema</a> to solve at least part of the problem with the LDAP schemas
10495 available today from IETF.</p>
10496
10497 <pre>
10498 --- dhcp.schema    (revision 65192)
10499 +++ dhcp.schema    (working copy)
10500 @@ -376,7 +376,7 @@
10501  objectclass ( 2.16.840.1.113719.1.203.6.6
10502         NAME 'dhcpHost'
10503         DESC 'This represents information about a particular client'
10504 -       SUP top
10505 +       SUP top AUXILIARY
10506         MUST cn
10507         MAY  (dhcpLeaseDN $ dhcpHWAddress $ dhcpOptionsDN $ dhcpStatements $ dhcpComments $ dhcpOption)
10508         X-NDS_CONTAINMENT ('dhcpService' 'dhcpSubnet' 'dhcpGroup') )
10509 </pre>
10510
10511 <p>I very much welcome clues on how to do this properly for Debian
10512 Edu/Squeeze.  We provide the DHCP schema in our debian-edu-config
10513 package, and should thus be free to rewrite it as we see fit.</p>
10514
10515 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
10516 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
10517
10518       </div>
10519       <div class="tags">
10520
10521
10522         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10523
10524
10525       </div>
10526     </div>
10527     <div class="padding"></div>
10528
10529     <div class="entry">
10530       <div class="title">
10531         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__removals_by_apt_and_aptitude.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, removals by apt and aptitude</a>
10532       </div>
10533       <div class="date">
10534         13th June 2010
10535       </div>
10536       <div class="body">
10537         <p>My
10538 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_upgrade_testing_from_Lenny_to_Squeeze.html">testing
10539 of Debian upgrades</a> from Lenny to Squeeze continues, and I've
10540 finally made the upgrade logs available from
10541 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/debian-upgrade-testing/</a>.
10542 I am now testing dist-upgrade of Gnome and KDE in a chroot using both
10543 apt and aptitude, and found their differences interesting.  This time
10544 I will only focus on their removal plans.</p>
10545
10546 <p>After installing a Gnome desktop and the laptop task, apt-get wants
10547 to remove 72 packages when dist-upgrading from Lenny to Squeeze.  The
10548 surprising part is that it want to remove xorg and all
10549 xserver-xorg-video* drivers.  Clearly not a good choice, but I am not
10550 sure why.  When asking aptitude to do the same, it want to remove 129
10551 packages, but most of them are library packages I suspect are no
10552 longer needed.  Both of them want to remove bluetooth packages, which
10553 I do not know.  Perhaps these bluetooth packages are obsolete?</p>
10554
10555 <p>For KDE, apt-get want to remove 82 packages, among them kdebase
10556 which seem like a bad idea and xorg the same way as with Gnome. Asking
10557 aptitude for the same, it wants to remove 192 packages, none which are
10558 too surprising.</p>
10559
10560 <p>I guess the removal of xorg during upgrades should be investigated
10561 and avoided, and perhaps others as well.  Here are the complete list
10562 of planned removals.  The complete logs is available from the URL
10563 above.  Note if you want to repeat these tests, that the upgrade test
10564 for kde+apt-get hung in the tasksel setup because of dpkg asking
10565 conffile questions.  No idea why.  I worked around it by using
10566 '<tt>echo >> /proc/<em>pidofdpkg</em>/fd/0</tt>' to tell dpkg to
10567 continue.</p>
10568
10569 <p><b>apt-get gnome 72</b>
10570 <br>bluez-gnome cupsddk-drivers deskbar-applet gnome
10571   gnome-desktop-environment gnome-network-admin gtkhtml3.14
10572   iceweasel-gnome-support libavcodec51 libdatrie0 libgdl-1-0
10573   libgnomekbd2 libgnomekbdui2 libmetacity0 libslab0 libxcb-xlib0
10574   nautilus-cd-burner python-gnome2-desktop python-gnome2-extras
10575   serpentine swfdec-mozilla update-manager xorg xserver-xorg
10576   xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
10577   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
10578   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-input-wacom
10579   xserver-xorg-video-all xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark
10580   xserver-xorg-video-ati xserver-xorg-video-chips
10581   xserver-xorg-video-cirrus xserver-xorg-video-cyrix
10582   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
10583   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
10584   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-imstt
10585   xserver-xorg-video-intel xserver-xorg-video-mach64
10586   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
10587   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-nv
10588   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome xserver-xorg-video-r128
10589   xserver-xorg-video-radeon xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd
10590   xserver-xorg-video-rendition xserver-xorg-video-s3
10591   xserver-xorg-video-s3virge xserver-xorg-video-savage
10592   xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion xserver-xorg-video-sis
10593   xserver-xorg-video-sisusb xserver-xorg-video-tdfx
10594   xserver-xorg-video-tga xserver-xorg-video-trident
10595   xserver-xorg-video-tseng xserver-xorg-video-v4l
10596   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vga
10597   xserver-xorg-video-vmware xserver-xorg-video-voodoo xulrunner-1.9
10598   xulrunner-1.9-gnome-support</p>
10599
10600 <p><b>aptitude gnome 129</b>
10601
10602 <br>bluez-gnome bluez-utils cpp-4.3 cupsddk-drivers dhcdbd
10603   djvulibre-desktop finger gnome-app-install gnome-mount
10604   gnome-network-admin gnome-spell gnome-vfs-obexftp
10605   gnome-volume-manager gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs gtkhtml3.14 libao2
10606   libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5 libavcodec51 libbluetooth2
10607   libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7 libcucul0 libcupsys2 libcurl3 libdatrie0
10608   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdvdread3 libedataserver1.2-9 libeel2-2.20
10609   libeel2-data libepc-1.0-1 libepc-ui-1.0-1 libfaad0 libgail-common
10610   libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libgdl-1-0 libgdl-1-common
10611   libggz2 libggzcore9 libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0
10612   libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomekbd2 libgnomekbdui2 libgnomeprint2.2-0
10613   libgnomeprint2.2-data libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgnomeprintui2.2-common
10614   libgnomevfs2-bin libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtkhtml2-0
10615   libgtksourceview-common libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgucharmap6
10616   libhesiod0 libicu38 libiw29 libkpathsea4 libltdl3 libmagick++10
10617   libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmetacity0 libmtp7 libmysqlclient15off
10618   libnautilus-burn4 libneon27 libnm-glib0 libnm-util0 libopal-2.2
10619   libosp5 libparted1.8-10 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3 libpt-1.10.10
10620   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libraw1394-8
10621   libsensors3 libslab0 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8 libssh2-1
10622   libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1 libtotem-plparser10
10623   libtrackerclient0 libxalan2-java libxalan2-java-gcj libxcb-xlib0
10624   libxerces2-java libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12 libxtrap6
10625   libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3 mysql-common nautilus-cd-burner
10626   openoffice.org-writer2latex openssl-blacklist p7zip
10627   python-4suite-xml python-eggtrayicon python-gnome2-desktop
10628   python-gnome2-extras python-gtkhtml2 python-gtkmozembed
10629   python-numeric python-sexy serpentine svgalibg1 swfdec-gnome
10630   swfdec-mozilla totem-gstreamer update-manager wodim
10631   xserver-xorg-video-cyrix xserver-xorg-video-imstt
10632   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-v4l xserver-xorg-video-vga
10633   zip</p>
10634
10635 <p><b>apt-get kde 82</b>
10636
10637 <br>cupsddk-drivers karm kaudiocreator kcoloredit kcontrol kde kde-core
10638   kdeaddons kdeartwork kdebase kdebase-bin kdebase-bin-kde3
10639   kdebase-kio-plugins kdesktop kdeutils khelpcenter kicker
10640   kicker-applets knewsticker kolourpaint konq-plugins konqueror korn
10641   kpersonalizer kscreensaver ksplash libavcodec51 libdatrie0 libkiten1
10642   libxcb-xlib0 quanta superkaramba texlive-base-bin xorg xserver-xorg
10643   xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
10644   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
10645   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-input-wacom
10646   xserver-xorg-video-all xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark
10647   xserver-xorg-video-ati xserver-xorg-video-chips
10648   xserver-xorg-video-cirrus xserver-xorg-video-cyrix
10649   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
10650   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
10651   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-imstt
10652   xserver-xorg-video-intel xserver-xorg-video-mach64
10653   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
10654   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-nv
10655   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome xserver-xorg-video-r128
10656   xserver-xorg-video-radeon xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd
10657   xserver-xorg-video-rendition xserver-xorg-video-s3
10658   xserver-xorg-video-s3virge xserver-xorg-video-savage
10659   xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion xserver-xorg-video-sis
10660   xserver-xorg-video-sisusb xserver-xorg-video-tdfx
10661   xserver-xorg-video-tga xserver-xorg-video-trident
10662   xserver-xorg-video-tseng xserver-xorg-video-v4l
10663   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vga
10664   xserver-xorg-video-vmware xserver-xorg-video-voodoo xulrunner-1.9</p>
10665
10666 <p><b>aptitude kde 192</b>
10667 <br>bluez-utils cpp-4.3 cupsddk-drivers cvs dcoprss dhcdbd
10668   djvulibre-desktop dosfstools eyesapplet fifteenapplet finger gettext
10669   ghostscript-x imlib-base imlib11 indi kandy karm kasteroids
10670   kaudiocreator kbackgammon kbstate kcoloredit kcontrol kcron kdat
10671   kdeadmin-kfile-plugins kdeartwork-misc kdeartwork-theme-window
10672   kdebase-bin-kde3 kdebase-kio-plugins kdeedu-data
10673   kdegraphics-kfile-plugins kdelirc kdemultimedia-kappfinder-data
10674   kdemultimedia-kfile-plugins kdenetwork-kfile-plugins
10675   kdepim-kfile-plugins kdepim-kio-plugins kdeprint kdesktop kdessh
10676   kdict kdnssd kdvi kedit keduca kenolaba kfax kfaxview kfouleggs
10677   kghostview khelpcenter khexedit kiconedit kitchensync klatin
10678   klickety kmailcvt kmenuedit kmid kmilo kmoon kmrml kodo kolourpaint
10679   kooka korn kpager kpdf kpercentage kpf kpilot kpoker kpovmodeler
10680   krec kregexpeditor ksayit ksim ksirc ksirtet ksmiletris ksmserver
10681   ksnake ksokoban ksplash ksvg ksysv ktip ktnef kuickshow kverbos
10682   kview kviewshell kvoctrain kwifimanager kwin kwin4 kworldclock
10683   kxsldbg libakode2 libao2 libarts1-akode libarts1-audiofile
10684   libarts1-mpeglib libarts1-xine libavahi-compat-libdnssd1
10685   libavahi-core5 libavc1394-0 libavcodec51 libbluetooth2
10686   libboost-python1.34.1 libcucul0 libcurl3 libcvsservice0 libdatrie0
10687   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdjvulibre21 libdvdread3 libfaad0 libfreebob0
10688   libgail-common libgd2-noxpm libgraphviz4 libgsmme1c2a libgtkhtml2-0
10689   libicu38 libiec61883-0 libindex0 libiw29 libk3b3 libkcal2b libkcddb1
10690   libkdeedu3 libkdepim1a libkgantt0 libkiten1 libkleopatra1 libkmime2
10691   libkpathsea4 libkpimexchange1 libkpimidentities1 libkscan1
10692   libksieve0 libktnef1 liblockdev1 libltdl3 libmagick10 libmimelib1c2a
10693   libmozjs1d libmpcdec3 libneon27 libnm-util0 libopensync0 libpisock9
10694   libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler-qt2 libpoppler3 libraw1394-8 libsmbios2
10695   libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libtalloc1 libtiff-tools
10696   libxalan2-java libxalan2-java-gcj libxcb-xlib0 libxerces2-java
10697   libxerces2-java-gcj libxtrap6 mpeglib networkstatus
10698   openoffice.org-writer2latex pmount poster psutils quanta quanta-data
10699   superkaramba svgalibg1 tex-common texlive-base texlive-base-bin
10700   texlive-common texlive-doc-base texlive-fonts-recommended
10701   xserver-xorg-video-cyrix xserver-xorg-video-imstt
10702   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-v4l xserver-xorg-video-vga
10703   xulrunner-1.9</p>
10704
10705
10706       </div>
10707       <div class="tags">
10708
10709
10710         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
10711
10712
10713       </div>
10714     </div>
10715     <div class="padding"></div>
10716
10717     <div class="entry">
10718       <div class="title">
10719         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_upgrade_testing_from_Lenny_to_Squeeze.html">Automatic upgrade testing from Lenny to Squeeze</a>
10720       </div>
10721       <div class="date">
10722         11th June 2010
10723       </div>
10724       <div class="body">
10725         <p>The last few days I have done some upgrade testing in Debian, to
10726 see if the upgrade from Lenny to Squeeze will go smoothly.  A few bugs
10727 have been discovered and reported in the process
10728 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/585410">#585410</a> in nagios3-cgi,
10729 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584879">#584879</a> already fixed in
10730 enscript and <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584861">#584861</a> in
10731 kdebase-workspace-data), and to get a more regular testing going on, I
10732 am working on a script to automate the test.</p>
10733
10734 <p>The idea is to create a Lenny chroot and use tasksel to install a
10735 Gnome or KDE desktop installation inside the chroot before upgrading
10736 it.  To ensure no services are started in the chroot, a policy-rc.d
10737 script is inserted.  To make sure tasksel believe it is to install a
10738 desktop on a laptop, the tasksel tests are replaced in the chroot
10739 (only acceptable because this is a throw-away chroot).</p>
10740
10741 <p>A naive upgrade from Lenny to Squeeze using aptitude dist-upgrade
10742 currently always fail because udev refuses to upgrade with the kernel
10743 in Lenny, so to avoid that problem the file /etc/udev/kernel-upgrade
10744 is created.  The bug report
10745 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/566000">#566000</a> make me suspect
10746 this problem do not trigger in a chroot, but I touch the file anyway
10747 to make sure the upgrade go well.  Testing on virtual and real
10748 hardware have failed me because of udev so far, and creating this file
10749 do the trick in such settings anyway.  This is a
10750 <a href="http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/debian-26/failed-dist-upgrade-due-to-udev-config_sysfs_deprecated-nonsense-804130/">known
10751 issue</a> and the current udev behaviour is intended by the udev
10752 maintainer because he lack the resources to rewrite udev to keep
10753 working with old kernels or something like that.  I really wish the
10754 udev upstream would keep udev backwards compatible, to avoid such
10755 upgrade problem, but given that they fail to do so, I guess
10756 documenting the way out of this mess is the best option we got for
10757 Debian Squeeze.</p>
10758
10759 <p>Anyway, back to the task at hand, testing upgrades.  This test
10760 script, which I call <tt>upgrade-test</tt> for now, is doing the
10761 trick:</p>
10762
10763 <blockquote><pre>
10764 #!/bin/sh
10765 set -ex
10766
10767 if [ "$1" ] ; then
10768     desktop=$1
10769 else
10770     desktop=gnome
10771 fi
10772
10773 from=lenny
10774 to=squeeze
10775
10776 exec &lt; /dev/null
10777 unset LANG
10778 mirror=http://ftp.skolelinux.org/debian
10779 tmpdir=chroot-$from-upgrade-$to-$desktop
10780 fuser -mv .
10781 debootstrap $from $tmpdir $mirror
10782 chroot $tmpdir aptitude update
10783 cat > $tmpdir/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d &lt;&lt;EOF
10784 #!/bin/sh
10785 exit 101
10786 EOF
10787 chmod a+rx $tmpdir/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d
10788 exit_cleanup() {
10789     umount $tmpdir/proc
10790 }
10791 mount -t proc proc $tmpdir/proc
10792 # Make sure proc is unmounted also on failure
10793 trap exit_cleanup EXIT INT
10794
10795 chroot $tmpdir aptitude -y install debconf-utils
10796
10797 # Make sure tasksel autoselection trigger.  It need the test scripts
10798 # to return the correct answers.
10799 echo tasksel tasksel/desktop multiselect $desktop | \
10800     chroot $tmpdir debconf-set-selections
10801
10802 # Include the desktop and laptop task
10803 for test in desktop laptop ; do
10804     echo > $tmpdir/usr/lib/tasksel/tests/$test &lt;&lt;EOF
10805 #!/bin/sh
10806 exit 2
10807 EOF
10808     chmod a+rx $tmpdir/usr/lib/tasksel/tests/$test
10809 done
10810
10811 DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
10812 DEBIAN_PRIORITY=critical
10813 export DEBIAN_FRONTEND DEBIAN_PRIORITY
10814 chroot $tmpdir tasksel --new-install
10815
10816 echo deb $mirror $to main > $tmpdir/etc/apt/sources.list
10817 chroot $tmpdir aptitude update
10818 touch $tmpdir/etc/udev/kernel-upgrade
10819 chroot $tmpdir aptitude -y dist-upgrade
10820 fuser -mv
10821 </pre></blockquote>
10822
10823 <p>I suspect it would be useful to test upgrades with both apt-get and
10824 with aptitude, but I have not had time to look at how they behave
10825 differently so far.  I hope to get a cron job running to do the test
10826 regularly and post the result on the web.  The Gnome upgrade currently
10827 work, while the KDE upgrade fail because of the bug in
10828 kdebase-workspace-data</p>
10829
10830 <p>I am not quite sure what kind of extract from the huge upgrade logs
10831 (KDE 167 KiB, Gnome 516 KiB) it make sense to include in this blog
10832 post, so I will refrain from trying.  I can report that for Gnome,
10833 aptitude report 760 packages upgraded, 448 newly installed, 129 to
10834 remove and 1 not upgraded and 1024MB need to be downloaded while for
10835 KDE the same numbers are 702 packages upgraded, 507 newly installed,
10836 193 to remove and 0 not upgraded and 1117MB need to be downloaded</p>
10837
10838 <p>I am very happy to notice that the Gnome desktop + laptop upgrade
10839 is able to migrate to dependency based boot sequencing and parallel
10840 booting without a hitch.  Was unsure if there were still bugs with
10841 packages failing to clean up their obsolete init.d script during
10842 upgrades, and no such problem seem to affect the Gnome desktop+laptop
10843 packages.</p>
10844
10845       </div>
10846       <div class="tags">
10847
10848
10849         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
10850
10851
10852       </div>
10853     </div>
10854     <div class="padding"></div>
10855
10856     <div class="entry">
10857       <div class="title">
10858         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_er_laget_for_sentraldrifting__naturligvis.html">Skolelinux er laget for sentraldrifting, naturligvis</a>
10859       </div>
10860       <div class="date">
10861          9th June 2010
10862       </div>
10863       <div class="body">
10864         <p>Det er merkelig hvordan myter om Skolelinux overlever.  En slik
10865 myte er at Skolelinux ikke kan sentraldriftes og ha sentralt plasserte
10866 tjenermaskiner.  I siste Computerworld Norge er
10867 <a href="http://www.idg.no/computerworld/article169432.ece">IT-sjef
10868 Viggo Billdal i Steinkjer intervjuet</a>, og forteller uten
10869 blygsel:</p>
10870
10871 <blockquote><p>Vi hadde Skolelinux, men det har vi sluttet med. Vi testet
10872 om det lønte seg med Microsoft eller en åpen plattform. Vi fant ut at
10873 Microsoft egentlig var totalt sett bedre egnet. Det var store
10874 driftskostnader med Skolelinux, blant annet på grunn av
10875 desentraliserte servere. Det var komplisert, så vi gikk vekk fra det
10876 og bruker nå bare Windows.</p></blockquote>
10877
10878 <p>En <a
10879 href="https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/bruker/2010-June/009101.html">rask
10880 sjekk</a> mot den norske brukerlista i Skolelinuxprosjektet forteller
10881 at Steinkjers forsøk foregikk fram til 2004/2005, og at Røysing skole
10882 i Steinkjer skal ha vært svært fornøyd med Skolelinux men at kommunen
10883 overkjørte skolen og krevde at de gikk over til Windows.  Et søk på
10884 nettet sendte meg til
10885 <a href="http://www.dn.no/multimedia/archive/00090/Dagens_it_nr__18_90826a.pdf">Dagens
10886 IT nr. 18 2005</a> hvor en kan lese på side 18:</p>
10887
10888 <blockquote><p>Inge Tømmerås ved Røysing skole i Steinkjer kjører ennå
10889 Microsoft, men forteller at kompetanseutfordringen med Skolelinux ikke
10890 var så stor.   Jeg syntes Skolelinux var utrolig lett å drifte uten
10891 forkunnskaper. Men man må jo selvsagt ha tilgang på ekstern kompetanse
10892 til installasjoner og maskinvarefeil, sier Tømmerås.</p></blockquote>
10893
10894 <p>Som systemarkitekten bak Skolelinux, kan jeg bare riste på hodet
10895 over påstanden om at Skolelinux krever desentraliserte tjenere.
10896 Skolelinux-arkitekturen er laget for sentralisert drift og plassering
10897 av tjenerne lokalt eller sentralt alt etter behov og nettkapasitet.
10898 Den er modellert på nettverks- og tjenerløsningen som brukes på
10899 Universitetet i Tromsø og Oslo, der jeg jobber med utvikling av
10900 driftstjenester.  Dette er det heldigvis noen som har fått med seg, og
10901 jeg er glad for å kunne sitere fra en kommentar på den overnevnte
10902 artikkelen.  Min venn og gamle kollega Sturle Sunde forteller der:
10903
10904 <blockquote>
10905 <p>I Flora kommune køyrer vi Skulelinux på skular med alt frå 15 til
10906 meir enn 500 elevar. Dei store skulane har eigen tenar, for det er
10907 mest praktisk. Eg, som er driftsansvarleg for heile nettet, ser
10908 sjeldan dei tenarane fysisk, men at dei står der gjer skulane mindre
10909 avhengige av eksterne linjer som er trege eller dyre. Dei minste
10910 skulane har ikkje eigen tenar. Å bruke sentral tenar er heller ikkje
10911 noko problem. Småskulane klarar seg fint med 1 mbit-linje til ein
10912 sentral tenar eller tenaren på ein større skule.</p>
10913
10914 <p>Det beste med Skulelinux er halvtjukke klientar. Dei treng ikkje
10915 harddisk og brukar minimalt med ressursar på tenaren fordi dei køyrer
10916 programma lokalt. Eit klasserom med 30 sju-åtte år gamle maskiner har
10917 mykje meir CPU og RAM totalt enn nokon moderne tenar til under
10918 millionen. Det trengst to kommandoar på den sentrale tenaren for å
10919 oppdatere alle klientane, både tynne og halvtjukke. Vi har ingen
10920 problem med diskar som ryk heller, som var eit problem før fordi
10921 elevane sat og sparka i maskinene. Og dei krev lite bandbreidde i
10922 nettet, so det er fullt mogleg å køyre slike på småskular med trege
10923 linjer mot tenaren på ein større skule.</p>
10924
10925 <p>Flora kommune har nesten 800 Linux-maskiner i sitt skulenett, og
10926 ein person som tek seg av drift av heile nettet, inkludert tenarar,
10927 klientar, operativsystem, programvare, heimekontorløysing og
10928 administrasjon av brukarar.</p>
10929
10930 <p>No skal det seiast at vi ikkje køyrer rein Skulelinux ut av
10931 boksen. Vi har gjort ein del tilpassingar mot noko Novell-greier som
10932 var der frå før, og som har komplisert installasjonen vår. Etter at
10933 oppsettet var gjort har løysinga vore stabil og kravd minimalt med
10934 arbeid.</p>
10935 </blockquote>
10936
10937 <p>Jeg vet at Narvik, Harstad og Oslo er kommuner der Skolelinux
10938 sentraldriftes med sentrale tjenere.  Det forteller meg at Steinkjers
10939 IT-sjef neppe bør skylde på Skolelinux-løsningen for sine 5 år gamle
10940 minner.</p>
10941
10942       </div>
10943       <div class="tags">
10944
10945
10946         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10947
10948
10949       </div>
10950     </div>
10951     <div class="padding"></div>
10952
10953     <div class="entry">
10954       <div class="title">
10955         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_manual_for_standards_wars___.html">A manual for standards wars...</a>
10956       </div>
10957       <div class="date">
10958          6th June 2010
10959       </div>
10960       <div class="body">
10961         <p>Via the
10962 <a href="http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/robweir/antic-atom/~3/QzU4RgoAGMg/weekly-links-10.html">blog
10963 of Rob Weir</a> I came across the very interesting essay named
10964 <a href="http://faculty.haas.berkeley.edu/shapiro/wars.pdf">The Art of
10965 Standards Wars</a> (PDF 25 pages).  I recommend it for everyone
10966 following the standards wars of today.</p>
10967
10968       </div>
10969       <div class="tags">
10970
10971
10972         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard</a>.
10973
10974
10975       </div>
10976     </div>
10977     <div class="padding"></div>
10978
10979     <div class="entry">
10980       <div class="title">
10981         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Sitesummary_tip__Listing_computer_hardware_models_used_at_site.html">Sitesummary tip: Listing computer hardware models used at site</a>
10982       </div>
10983       <div class="date">
10984          3rd June 2010
10985       </div>
10986       <div class="body">
10987         <p>When using sitesummary at a site to track machines, it is possible
10988 to get a list of the machine types in use thanks to the DMI
10989 information extracted from each machine.  The script to do so is
10990 included in the sitesummary package, and here is example output from
10991 the Skolelinux build servers:</p>
10992
10993 <blockquote><pre>
10994 maintainer:~# /usr/lib/sitesummary/hardware-model-summary
10995   vendor                    count
10996   Dell Computer Corporation     1
10997     PowerEdge 1750              1
10998   IBM                           1
10999     eserver xSeries 345 -[8670M1X]-     1
11000   Intel                         2
11001   [no-dmi-info]                 3
11002 maintainer:~#
11003 </pre></blockquote>
11004
11005 <p>The quality of the report depend on the quality of the DMI tables
11006 provided in each machine.  Here there are Intel machines without model
11007 information listed with Intel as vendor and no model, and virtual Xen
11008 machines listed as [no-dmi-info].  One can add -l as a command line
11009 option to list the individual machines.</p>
11010
11011 <p>A larger list is
11012 <a href="http://narvikskolen.no/sitesummary/">available from the the
11013 city of Narvik</a>, which uses Skolelinux on all their shools and also
11014 provide the basic sitesummary report publicly.  In their report there
11015 are ~1400 machines. I know they use both Ubuntu and Skolelinux on
11016 their machines, and as sitesummary is available in both distributions,
11017 it is trivial to get all of them to report to the same central
11018 collector.</p>
11019
11020       </div>
11021       <div class="tags">
11022
11023
11024         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
11025
11026
11027       </div>
11028     </div>
11029     <div class="padding"></div>
11030
11031     <div class="entry">
11032       <div class="title">
11033         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/KDM_fail_at_boot_with_NVidia_cards___and_no_one_try_to_fix_it_.html">KDM fail at boot with NVidia cards - and no one try to fix it?</a>
11034       </div>
11035       <div class="date">
11036          1st June 2010
11037       </div>
11038       <div class="body">
11039         <p>It is strange to watch how a bug in Debian causing KDM to fail to
11040 start at boot when an NVidia video card is used is handled.  The
11041 problem seem to be that the nvidia X.org driver uses a long time to
11042 initialize, and this duration is longer than kdm is configured to
11043 wait.</p>
11044
11045 <p>I came across two bugs related to this issue,
11046 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/583312">#583312</a> initially filed
11047 against initscripts and passed on to nvidia-glx when it became obvious
11048 that the nvidia drivers were involved, and
11049 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/524751">#524751</a> initially filed against
11050 kdm and passed on to src:nvidia-graphics-drivers for unknown reasons.</p>
11051
11052 <p>To me, it seem that no-one is interested in actually solving the
11053 problem nvidia video card owners experience and make sure the Debian
11054 distribution work out of the box for these users.  The nvidia driver
11055 maintainers expect kdm to be set up to wait longer, while kdm expect
11056 the nvidia driver maintainers to fix the driver to start faster, and
11057 while they wait for each other I guess the users end up switching to a
11058 distribution that work for them.  I have no idea what the solution is,
11059 but I am pretty sure that waiting for each other is not it.</p>
11060
11061 <p>I wonder why we end up handling bugs this way.</p>
11062
11063       </div>
11064       <div class="tags">
11065
11066
11067         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
11068
11069
11070       </div>
11071     </div>
11072     <div class="padding"></div>
11073
11074     <div class="entry">
11075       <div class="title">
11076         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Parallellized_boot_seem_to_hold_up_well_in_Debian_testing.html">Parallellized boot seem to hold up well in Debian/testing</a>
11077       </div>
11078       <div class="date">
11079         27th May 2010
11080       </div>
11081       <div class="body">
11082         <p>A few days ago, parallel booting was enabled in Debian/testing.
11083 The feature seem to hold up pretty well, but three fairly serious
11084 issues are known and should be solved:
11085
11086 <p><ul>
11087
11088 <li>The wicd package seen to
11089 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/508289">break NFS mounting</a> and
11090 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/581586">network setup</a> when
11091 parallel booting is enabled.  No idea why, but the wicd maintainer
11092 seem to be on the case.</li>
11093
11094 <li>The nvidia X driver seem to
11095 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/583312">have a race condition</a>
11096 triggered more easily when parallel booting is in effect.  The
11097 maintainer is on the case.</li>
11098
11099 <li>The sysv-rc package fail to properly enable dependency based boot
11100 sequencing (the shutdown is broken) when old file-rc users
11101 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/575080">try to switch back</a> to
11102 sysv-rc.  One way to solve it would be for file-rc to create
11103 /etc/init.d/.legacy-bootordering, and another is to try to make
11104 sysv-rc more robust.  Will investigate some more and probably upload a
11105 workaround in sysv-rc to help those trying to move from file-rc to
11106 sysv-rc get a working shutdown.</li>
11107
11108 </ul></p>
11109
11110 <p>All in all not many surprising issues, and all of them seem
11111 solvable before Squeeze is released.  In addition to these there are
11112 some packages with bugs in their dependencies and run level settings,
11113 which I expect will be fixed in a reasonable time span.</p>
11114
11115 <p>If you report any problems with dependencies in init.d scripts to
11116 the BTS, please usertag the report to get it to show up at
11117 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/pkgreport.cgi?users=initscripts-ng-devel@lists.alioth.debian.org">the
11118 list of usertagged bugs related to this</a>.</p>
11119
11120 <p>Update: Correct bug number to file-rc issue.</p>
11121
11122       </div>
11123       <div class="tags">
11124
11125
11126         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
11127
11128
11129       </div>
11130     </div>
11131     <div class="padding"></div>
11132
11133     <div class="entry">
11134       <div class="title">
11135         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/More_flexible_firmware_handling_in_debian_installer.html">More flexible firmware handling in debian-installer</a>
11136       </div>
11137       <div class="date">
11138         22nd May 2010
11139       </div>
11140       <div class="body">
11141         <p>After a long break from debian-installer development, I finally
11142 found time today to return to the project.  Having to spend less time
11143 working dependency based boot in debian, as it is almost complete now,
11144 definitely helped freeing some time.</p>
11145
11146 <p>A while back, I ran into a problem while working on Debian Edu.  We
11147 include some firmware packages on the Debian Edu CDs, those needed to
11148 get disk and network controllers working.  Without having these
11149 firmware packages available during installation, it is impossible to
11150 install Debian Edu on the given machine, and because our target group
11151 are non-technical people, asking them to provide firmware packages on
11152 an external medium is a support pain.  Initially, I expected it to be
11153 enough to include the firmware packages on the CD to get
11154 debian-installer to find and use them.  This proved to be wrong.
11155 Next, I hoped it was enough to symlink the relevant firmware packages
11156 to some useful location on the CD (tried /cdrom/ and
11157 /cdrom/firmware/).  This also proved to not work, and at this point I
11158 found time to look at the debian-installer code to figure out what was
11159 going to work.</p>
11160
11161 <p>The firmware loading code is in the hw-detect package, and a closer
11162 look revealed that it would only look for firmware packages outside
11163 the installation media, so the CD was never checked for firmware
11164 packages.  It would only check USB sticks, floppies and other
11165 "external" media devices.  Today I changed it to also look in the
11166 /cdrom/firmware/ directory on the mounted CD or DVD, which should
11167 solve the problem I ran into with Debian edu.  I also changed it to
11168 look in /firmware/, to make sure the installer also find firmware
11169 provided in the initrd when booting the installer via PXE, to allow us
11170 to provide the same feature in the PXE setup included in Debian
11171 Edu.</p>
11172
11173 <p>To make sure firmware deb packages with a license questions are not
11174 activated without asking if the license is accepted, I extended
11175 hw-detect to look for preinst scripts in the firmware packages, and
11176 run these before activating the firmware during installation.  The
11177 license question is asked using debconf in the preinst, so this should
11178 solve the issue for the firmware packages I have looked at so far.</p>
11179
11180 <p>If you want to discuss the details of these features, please
11181 contact us on debian-boot@lists.debian.org.</p>
11182
11183       </div>
11184       <div class="tags">
11185
11186
11187         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
11188
11189
11190       </div>
11191     </div>
11192     <div class="padding"></div>
11193
11194     <div class="entry">
11195       <div class="title">
11196         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Pieces_of_the_roaming_laptop_puzzle_in_Debian.html">Pieces of the roaming laptop puzzle in Debian</a>
11197       </div>
11198       <div class="date">
11199         19th May 2010
11200       </div>
11201       <div class="body">
11202         <p>Today, the last piece of the puzzle for roaming laptops in Debian
11203 Edu finally entered the Debian archive.  Today, the new
11204 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/libp/libpam-mklocaluser.html">libpam-mklocaluser</a>
11205 package was accepted.  Two days ago, two other pieces was accepted
11206 into unstable.  The
11207 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/p/pam-python.html">pam-python</a>
11208 package needed by libpam-mklocaluser, and the
11209 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/sssd.html">sssd</a> package
11210 passed NEW on Monday.  In addition, the
11211 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/libp/libpam-ccreds.html">libpam-ccreds</a>
11212 package we need is in experimental (version 10-4) since Saturday, and
11213 hopefully will be moved to unstable soon.</p>
11214
11215 <p>This collection of packages allow for two different setups for
11216 roaming laptops.  The traditional setup would be using libpam-ccreds,
11217 nscd and libpam-mklocaluser with LDAP or Kerberos authentication,
11218 which should work out of the box if the configuration changes proposed
11219 for nscd in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/485282">BTS report
11220 #485282</a> is implemented.  The alternative setup is to use sssd with
11221 libpam-mklocaluser to connect to LDAP or Kerberos and let sssd take
11222 care of the caching of passwords and group information.</p>
11223
11224 <p>I have so far been unable to get sssd to work with the LDAP server
11225 at the University, but suspect the issue is some SSL/GnuTLS related
11226 problem with the server certificate.  I plan to update the Debian
11227 package to version 1.2, which is scheduled for next week, and hope to
11228 find time to make sure the next release will include both the
11229 Debian/Ubuntu specific patches.  Upstream is friendly and responsive,
11230 and I am sure we will find a good solution.</p>
11231
11232 <p>The idea is to set up the roaming laptops to authenticate using
11233 LDAP or Kerberos and create a local user with home directory in /home/
11234 when a usre in LDAP logs in via KDM or GDM for the first time, and
11235 cache the password for offline checking, as well as caching group
11236 memberhips and other relevant LDAP information.  The
11237 libpam-mklocaluser package was created to make sure the local home
11238 directory is in /home/, instead of /site/server/directory/ which would
11239 be the home directory if pam_mkhomedir was used.  To avoid confusion
11240 with support requests and configuration, we do not want local laptops
11241 to have users in a path that is used for the same users home directory
11242 on the home directory servers.</p>
11243
11244 <p>One annoying problem with gdm is that it do not show the PAM
11245 message passed to the user from libpam-mklocaluser when the local user
11246 is created.  Instead gdm simply reject the login with some generic
11247 message.  The message is shown in kdm, ssh and login, so I guess it is
11248 a bug in gdm.  Have not investigated if there is some other message
11249 type that can be used instead to get gdm to also show the message.</p>
11250
11251 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
11252 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11253
11254       </div>
11255       <div class="tags">
11256
11257
11258         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11259
11260
11261       </div>
11262     </div>
11263     <div class="padding"></div>
11264
11265     <div class="entry">
11266       <div class="title">
11267         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Parallellized_boot_is_now_the_default_in_Debian_unstable.html">Parallellized boot is now the default in Debian/unstable</a>
11268       </div>
11269       <div class="date">
11270         14th May 2010
11271       </div>
11272       <div class="body">
11273         <p>Since this evening, parallel booting is the default in
11274 Debian/unstable for machines using dependency based boot sequencing.
11275 Apparently the testing of concurrent booting has been wider than
11276 expected, if I am to believe the
11277 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-devel/2010/05/msg00122.html">input
11278 on debian-devel@</a>, and I concluded a few days ago to move forward
11279 with the feature this weekend, to give us some time to detect any
11280 remaining problems before Squeeze is frozen.  If serious problems are
11281 detected, it is simple to change the default back to sequential boot.
11282 The upload of the new sysvinit package also activate a new upstream
11283 version.</p>
11284
11285 More information about
11286 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/LSBInitScripts/DependencyBasedBoot">dependency
11287 based boot sequencing</a> is available from the Debian wiki.  It is
11288 currently possible to disable parallel booting when one run into
11289 problems caused by it, by adding this line to /etc/default/rcS:</p>
11290
11291 <blockquote><pre>
11292 CONCURRENCY=none
11293 </pre></blockquote>
11294
11295 <p>If you report any problems with dependencies in init.d scripts to
11296 the BTS, please usertag the report to get it to show up at
11297 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/pkgreport.cgi?users=initscripts-ng-devel@lists.alioth.debian.org">the
11298 list of usertagged bugs related to this</a>.</p>
11299
11300       </div>
11301       <div class="tags">
11302
11303
11304         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
11305
11306
11307       </div>
11308     </div>
11309     <div class="padding"></div>
11310
11311     <div class="entry">
11312       <div class="title">
11313         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Sitesummary_tip__Listing_MAC_address_of_all_clients.html">Sitesummary tip: Listing MAC address of all clients</a>
11314       </div>
11315       <div class="date">
11316         14th May 2010
11317       </div>
11318       <div class="body">
11319         <p>In the recent Debian Edu versions, the
11320 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/SiteSummary">sitesummary
11321 system</a> is used to keep track of the machines in the school
11322 network.  Each machine will automatically report its status to the
11323 central server after boot and once per night.  The network setup is
11324 also reported, and using this information it is possible to get the
11325 MAC address of all network interfaces in the machines.  This is useful
11326 to update the DHCP configuration.</p>
11327
11328 <p>To give some idea how to use sitesummary, here is a one-liner to
11329 ist all MAC addresses of all machines reporting to sitesummary.  Run
11330 this on the collector host:</p>
11331
11332 <blockquote><pre>
11333 perl -MSiteSummary -e 'for_all_hosts(sub { print join(" ", get_macaddresses(shift)), "\n"; });'
11334 </pre></blockquote>
11335
11336 <p>This will list all MAC addresses assosiated with all machine, one
11337 line per machine and with space between the MAC addresses.</p>
11338
11339 <p>To allow system administrators easier job at adding static DHCP
11340 addresses for hosts, it would be possible to extend this to fetch
11341 machine information from sitesummary and update the DHCP and DNS
11342 tables in LDAP using this information.  Such tool is unfortunately not
11343 written yet.</p>
11344
11345       </div>
11346       <div class="tags">
11347
11348
11349         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
11350
11351
11352       </div>
11353     </div>
11354     <div class="padding"></div>
11355
11356     <div class="entry">
11357       <div class="title">
11358         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Forcing_new_users_to_change_their_password_on_first_login.html">Forcing new users to change their password on first login</a>
11359       </div>
11360       <div class="date">
11361          2nd May 2010
11362       </div>
11363       <div class="body">
11364         <p>One interesting feature in Active Directory, is the ability to
11365 create a new user with an expired password, and thus force the user to
11366 change the password on the first login attempt.</p>
11367
11368 <p>I'm not quite sure how to do that with the LDAP setup in Debian
11369 Edu, but did some initial testing with a local account.  The account
11370 and password aging information is available in /etc/shadow, but
11371 unfortunately, it is not possible to specify an expiration time for
11372 passwords, only a maximum age for passwords.</p>
11373
11374 <p>A freshly created account (using adduser test) will have these
11375 settings in /etc/shadow:</p>
11376
11377 <blockquote><pre>
11378 root@tjener:~# chage -l test
11379 Last password change                                    : May 02, 2010
11380 Password expires                                        : never
11381 Password inactive                                       : never
11382 Account expires                                         : never
11383 Minimum number of days between password change          : 0
11384 Maximum number of days between password change          : 99999
11385 Number of days of warning before password expires       : 7
11386 root@tjener:~#
11387 </pre></blockquote>
11388
11389 <p>The only way I could come up with to create a user with an expired
11390 account, is to change the date of the last password change to the
11391 lowest value possible (January 1th 1970), and the maximum password age
11392 to the difference in days between that date and today.  To make it
11393 simple, I went for 30 years (30 * 365 = 10950) and January 2th (to
11394 avoid testing if 0 is a valid value).</p>
11395
11396 <p>After using these commands to set it up, it seem to work as
11397 intended:</p>
11398
11399 <blockquote><pre>
11400 root@tjener:~# chage -d 1 test; chage -M 10950 test
11401 root@tjener:~# chage -l test
11402 Last password change                                    : Jan 02, 1970
11403 Password expires                                        : never
11404 Password inactive                                       : never
11405 Account expires                                         : never
11406 Minimum number of days between password change          : 0
11407 Maximum number of days between password change          : 10950
11408 Number of days of warning before password expires       : 7
11409 root@tjener:~#
11410 </pre></blockquote>
11411
11412 <p>So far I have tested this with ssh and console, and kdm (in
11413 Squeeze) login, and all ask for a new password before login in the
11414 user (with ssh, I was thrown out and had to log in again).</p>
11415
11416 <p>Perhaps we should set up something similar for Debian Edu, to make
11417 sure only the user itself have the account password?</p>
11418
11419 <p>If you want to comment on or help out with implementing this for
11420 Debian Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11421
11422 <p>Update 2010-05-02 17:20: Paul Tötterman tells me on IRC that the
11423 shadow(8) page in Debian/testing now state that setting the date of
11424 last password change to zero (0) will force the password to be changed
11425 on the first login.  This was not mentioned in the manual in Lenny, so
11426 I did not notice this in my initial testing.  I have tested it on
11427 Squeeze, and '<tt>chage -d 0 username</tt>' do work there.  I have not
11428 tested it on Lenny yet.</p>
11429
11430 <p>Update 2010-05-02-19:05: Jim Paris tells me via email that an
11431 equivalent command to expire a password is '<tt>passwd -e
11432 username</tt>', which insert zero into the date of the last password
11433 change.</p>
11434
11435       </div>
11436       <div class="tags">
11437
11438
11439         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet</a>.
11440
11441
11442       </div>
11443     </div>
11444     <div class="padding"></div>
11445
11446     <div class="entry">
11447       <div class="title">
11448         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Thoughts_on_roaming_laptop_setup_for_Debian_Edu.html">Thoughts on roaming laptop setup for Debian Edu</a>
11449       </div>
11450       <div class="date">
11451         28th April 2010
11452       </div>
11453       <div class="body">
11454         <p>For some years now, I have wondered how we should handle laptops in
11455 Debian Edu.  The Debian Edu infrastructure is mostly designed to
11456 handle stationary computers, and less suited for computers that come
11457 and go.</p>
11458
11459 <p>Now I finally believe I have an sensible idea on how to adjust
11460 Debian Edu for laptops, by introducing a new profile for them, for
11461 example called Roaming Workstations.  Here are my thought on this.
11462 The setup would consist of the following:</p>
11463
11464 <ul>
11465
11466  <li>During installation, the user name of the owner / primary user of
11467    the laptop is requested and a local home directory is set up for
11468    the user, with uid and gid information fetched from the LDAP
11469    server.  This allow the user to work also when offline.  The
11470    central home directory can be available in a subdirectory on
11471    request, for example mounted via CIFS.  It could be mounted
11472    automatically when a user log in while on the Debian Edu network,
11473    and unmounted when the machine is taken away (network down,
11474    hibernate, etc), it can be set up to do automatic mounting on
11475    request (using autofs), or perhaps some GUI button on the desktop
11476    can be used to access it when needed.  Perhaps it is enough to use
11477    the fish protocol in KDE?</li>
11478
11479  <li>Password checking is set up to use LDAP or Kerberos
11480    authentication when the machine is on the Debian Edu network, and
11481    to cache the password for offline checking when the machine unable
11482    to reach the LDAP or Kerberos server.  This can be done using
11483    <a href="http://www.padl.com/OSS/pam_ccreds.html">libpam-ccreds</a>
11484    or the Fedora developed
11485    <a href="https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/SSSD">System
11486    Security Services Daemon</a> packages.</li>
11487
11488  <li>File synchronisation with the central home directory is set up
11489    using a shared directory in both the local and the central home
11490    directory, using unison.</li>
11491
11492  <li>Printing should be set up to print to all printers broadcasting
11493    their existence on the local network, and should then work out of
11494    the box with CUPS.  For sites needing accurate printer quotas, some
11495    system with Kerberos authentication or printing via ssh could be
11496    implemented.</li>
11497
11498  <li>For users that should have local root access to their laptop,
11499    sudo should be used to allow this to the local user.</li>
11500
11501  <li>It would be nice if user and group information from LDAP is
11502    cached on the client, but given that there are entries for the
11503    local user and primary group in /etc/, it should not be needed.</li>
11504
11505 </ul>
11506
11507 <p>I believe all the pieces to implement this are in Debian/testing at
11508 the moment.  If we work quickly, we should be able to get this ready
11509 in time for the Squeeze release to freeze.  Some of the pieces need
11510 tweaking, like libpam-ccreds should get support for pam-auth-update
11511 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/566718">#566718</a>) and nslcd (or
11512 perhaps debian-edu-config) should get some integration code to stop
11513 its daemon when the LDAP server is unavailable to avoid long timeouts
11514 when disconnected from the net.  If we get Kerberos enabled, we need
11515 to make sure we avoid long timeouts there too.</p>
11516
11517 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
11518 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11519
11520       </div>
11521       <div class="tags">
11522
11523
11524         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11525
11526
11527       </div>
11528     </div>
11529     <div class="padding"></div>
11530
11531     <div class="entry">
11532       <div class="title">
11533         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Kerberos_for_Debian_Edu_Squeeze_.html">Kerberos for Debian Edu/Squeeze?</a>
11534       </div>
11535       <div class="date">
11536         14th April 2010
11537       </div>
11538       <div class="body">
11539         <p><a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20100413-kerberos/">Yesterdays
11540 NUUG presentation</a> about Kerberos was inspiring, and reminded me
11541 about the need to start using Kerberos in Skolelinux.  Setting up a
11542 Kerberos server seem to be straight forward, and if we get this in
11543 place a long time before the Squeeze version of Debian freezes, we
11544 have a chance to migrate Skolelinux away from NFSv3 for the home
11545 directories, and over to an architecture where the infrastructure do
11546 not have to trust IP addresses and machines, and instead can trust
11547 users and cryptographic keys instead.</p>
11548
11549 <p>A challenge will be integration and administration.  Is there a
11550 Kerberos implementation for Debian where one can control the
11551 administration access in Kerberos using LDAP groups?  With it, the
11552 school administration will have to maintain access control using flat
11553 files on the main server, which give a huge potential for errors.</p>
11554
11555 <p>A related question I would like to know is how well Kerberos and
11556 pam-ccreds (offline password check) work together.  Anyone know?</p>
11557
11558 <p>Next step will be to use Kerberos for access control in Lwat and
11559 Nagios.  I have no idea how much work that will be to implement.  We
11560 would also need to document how to integrate with Windows AD, as such
11561 shared network will require two Kerberos realms that need to cooperate
11562 to work properly.</p>
11563
11564 <p>I believe a good start would be to start using Kerberos on the
11565 skolelinux.no machines, and this way get ourselves experience with
11566 configuration and integration.  A natural starting point would be
11567 setting up ldap.skolelinux.no as the Kerberos server, and migrate the
11568 rest of the machines from PAM via LDAP to PAM via Kerberos one at the
11569 time.</p>
11570
11571 <p>If you would like to contribute to get this working in Skolelinux,
11572 I recommend you to see the video recording from yesterdays NUUG
11573 presentation, and start using Kerberos at home.  The video show show
11574 up in a few days.</p>
11575
11576       </div>
11577       <div class="tags">
11578
11579
11580         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11581
11582
11583       </div>
11584     </div>
11585     <div class="padding"></div>
11586
11587     <div class="entry">
11588       <div class="title">
11589         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/After_6_years_of_waiting__the_Xreset_d_feature_is_implemented.html">After 6 years of waiting, the Xreset.d feature is implemented</a>
11590       </div>
11591       <div class="date">
11592          6th March 2010
11593       </div>
11594       <div class="body">
11595         <p>6 years ago, as part of the Debian Edu development I am involved
11596 in, I asked for a hook in the kdm and gdm setup to run scripts as root
11597 when the user log out.  A bug was submitted against the xfree86-common
11598 package in 2004 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/230422">#230422</a>),
11599 and revisited every time Debian Edu was working on a new release.
11600 Today, this finally paid off.</p>
11601
11602 <p>The framework for this feature was today commited to the git
11603 repositry for the xorg package, and the git repository for xdm has
11604 been updated to use this framework.  Next on my agenda is to make sure
11605 kdm and gdm also add code to use this framework.</p>
11606
11607 <p>In Debian Edu, we want to ability to run commands as root when the
11608 user log out, to get rid of runaway processes and do general cleanup
11609 after a user.  With this framework in place, we finally can do that in
11610 a generic way that work with all display managers using this
11611 framework.  My goal is to get all display managers in Debian use it,
11612 similar to how they use the Xsession.d framework today.<p>
11613
11614       </div>
11615       <div class="tags">
11616
11617
11618         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11619
11620
11621       </div>
11622     </div>
11623     <div class="padding"></div>
11624
11625     <div class="entry">
11626       <div class="title">
11627         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Lenny_released__work_continues.html">Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Lenny released, work continues</a>
11628       </div>
11629       <div class="date">
11630         11th February 2010
11631       </div>
11632       <div class="body">
11633         <p>On Tuesday, the Debian/Lenny based version of
11634 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> was finally
11635 shipped.  This was a major leap forward for the project, and I am very
11636 pleased that we finally got the release wrapped up.  Work on the first
11637 point release starts imediately, as we plan to get that one out a
11638 month after the major release, to include all fixes for bugs we found
11639 and fixed too late in the release process to include last Tuesday.</p>
11640
11641 <p>Perhaps it even is time for some partying?</p>
11642
11643 <p>After this first point release, my plan is to focus again on the
11644 next major release, based on Squeeze.  We will try to get as many of
11645 the fixes we need into the official Debian packages before the freeze,
11646 and have just a few weeks or months to make it happen.</p>
11647
11648       </div>
11649       <div class="tags">
11650
11651
11652         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11653
11654
11655       </div>
11656     </div>
11657     <div class="padding"></div>
11658
11659     <div class="entry">
11660       <div class="title">
11661         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_Munin_and_Nagios_configuration.html">Automatic Munin and Nagios configuration</a>
11662       </div>
11663       <div class="date">
11664         27th January 2010
11665       </div>
11666       <div class="body">
11667         <p>One of the new features in the next Debian/Lenny based release of
11668 Debian Edu/Skolelinux, which is scheduled for release in the next few
11669 days, is automatic configuration of the service monitoring system
11670 Nagios.  The previous release had automatic configuration of trend
11671 analysis using Munin, and this Lenny based release take that a step
11672 further.</p>
11673
11674 <p>When installing a Debian Edu Main-server, it is automatically
11675 configured as a Munin and Nagios server.  In addition, it is
11676 configured to be a server for the
11677 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/SiteSummary">SiteSummary
11678 system</a> I have written for use in Debian Edu.  The SiteSummary
11679 system is inspired by a system used by the University of Oslo where I
11680 work.  In short, the system provide a centralised collector of
11681 information about the computers on the network, and a client on each
11682 computer submitting information to this collector.  This allow for
11683 automatic information on which packages are installed on each machine,
11684 which kernel the machines are using, what kind of configuration the
11685 packages got etc.  This also allow us to automatically generate Munin
11686 and Nagios configuration.</p>
11687
11688 <p>All computers reporting to the sitesummary collector with the
11689 munin-node package installed is automatically enabled as a Munin
11690 client and graphs from the statistics collected from that machine show
11691 up automatically on http://www/munin/ on the Main-server.</p>
11692
11693 <p>All non-laptop computers reporting to the sitesummary collector are
11694 automatically monitored for network presence (ping and any network
11695 services detected).  In addition, all computers (also laptops) with
11696 the nagios-nrpe-server package installed and configured the way
11697 sitesummary would configure it, are monitored for full disks, software
11698 raid status, swap free and other checks that need to run locally on
11699 the machine.</p>
11700
11701 <p>The result is that the administrator on a school using Debian Edu
11702 based on Lenny will be able to check the health of his installation
11703 with one look at the Nagios settings, without having to spend any time
11704 keeping the Nagios configuration up-to-date.</p>
11705
11706 <p>The only configuration one need to do to get Nagios up and running
11707 is to set the password used to get access via HTTP.  The system
11708 administrator need to run "<tt>htpasswd /etc/nagios3/htpasswd.users
11709 nagiosadmin</tt>" to create a nagiosadmin user and set a password for
11710 it to be able to log into the Nagios web pages.  After that,
11711 everything is taken care of.</p>
11712
11713       </div>
11714       <div class="tags">
11715
11716
11717         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
11718
11719
11720       </div>
11721     </div>
11722     <div class="padding"></div>
11723
11724     <div class="entry">
11725       <div class="title">
11726         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Opphavet_til_Skolelinux_prosjektet.html">Opphavet til Skolelinux-prosjektet</a>
11727       </div>
11728       <div class="date">
11729         17th December 2009
11730       </div>
11731       <div class="body">
11732         <p>De færreste er klar over at Skolelinux-prosjektet kom som et resultat
11733 av en avgjørelse på årsmøtet i
11734 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">NUUG</a> i 2000-06-29, der Håkon Wium
11735 Lie, da varamedlem i styret, tok på seg oppdraget om å starte et
11736 initiativ kalt "Teach the Teacher", som skulle være et initiativ for
11737 å få fri programvare og unix-lignende operativsystemer inn i Skolen.
11738 Tanken var at en måtte starte med lærerne for at ungene skulle få
11739 mulighet til å møte en bedre IT-hverdag.  Jeg var tilstede på
11740 møtet, og hadde sans for ideen, men intet skjedde.  På vårparten
11741 2001 ble det arrangert en demonstrasjon i anledning at First Tuesday
11742 hadde invitert Microsoft til et møte for å fortelle om fremtidens
11743 Internet.  Dette provoserte endel av oss, og EFN og NUUG tok initiativ
11744 til å arrangere
11745 <a href="http://www.digi.no/60982/first-tuesday-mote-med-microsoft-protest">en
11746 demonstrasjon utenfor lokalene 2001-05-21</a>.  Blant de som sto bak
11747 demonstrasjonen var Vidar Bakke fra NUUG og Håkon W. Lie fra EFN.
11748 Etter demonstrasjonen arrangerte Håkon en fest hjemme hos seg der alle
11749 som hadde vært aktive i demonstrasjonsplanlegging og gjennomføringen
11750 deltok.  Før festen var jeg blitt lei av å vente på at Håkon skulle ta
11751 initiativ til "Teach the Teacher", og for å forsøke å få litt fremgang
11752 besteme jeg meg for å benytte anledningen hos Håkon til å snakke om
11753 behovet for å hjelpe skolene i gang med bedre datasystemer bestående
11754 av fri programvare og unix-lignende operativsystemer.  Flere var
11755 interessert, og Knut Yrvin tenkte på ideen.  Han
11756 <a href="http://developer.skolelinux.no/brev/2001-06-28-invitasjon-skolelinux.txt">ropte
11757 sammen</a> til et stiftelsesmøte i prosjektet i sin arbeidsgivers
11758 Objectwares lokaler ved Ullevål stadion 2001-07-02, og jeg ble med.
11759 Resten er historie. :)</p>
11760
11761       </div>
11762       <div class="tags">
11763
11764
11765         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11766
11767
11768       </div>
11769     </div>
11770     <div class="padding"></div>
11771
11772     <div class="entry">
11773       <div class="title">
11774         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_operativt_webbasert_medlemsregister_for_Fri_programvare_i_skolen.html">Endelig operativt webbasert medlemsregister for Fri programvare i skolen</a>
11775       </div>
11776       <div class="date">
11777          2nd November 2009
11778       </div>
11779       <div class="body">
11780         <p>Under helgens utviklersamling i
11781 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.no/">Skolelinux</a> fikk jeg endelig
11782 satt meg ned sammen med Ronny Aasen i styret for å få et webbasert
11783 medlemsregister tilbake på plass for foreningen som passer på
11784 skolelinuxprosjektet.  Etter flere års knot og problemer, er nå
11785 memberdb satt opp og klart til bruk.  Import av det gamle
11786 medlemsregisteret har vist seg vanskelig, så alle medlemmer bes om å
11787 registrere seg på nytt.  Hvis du støtter FRiSKs formål så er du
11788 hjertelig velkommen til
11789 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">å melde deg
11790 inn</a>. Formålet lyder:</p>
11791
11792 <blockquote>Linux i skolen skal tilrettelegge for og informere om bruk
11793 av fri programvare, i henhold til Debian Free Software Guidelines av
11794 2002-02-03, i den norske skolen, slik som f.eks. Linux og
11795 GNU.</blockquote>
11796
11797       </div>
11798       <div class="tags">
11799
11800
11801         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
11802
11803
11804       </div>
11805     </div>
11806     <div class="padding"></div>
11807
11808     <div class="entry">
11809       <div class="title">
11810         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Returning_from_Skolelinux_developer_gathering.html">Returning from Skolelinux developer gathering</a>
11811       </div>
11812       <div class="date">
11813         29th March 2009
11814       </div>
11815       <div class="body">
11816         <p>I'm sitting on the train going home from this weekends Debian
11817 Edu/Skolelinux development gathering.  I got a bit done tuning the
11818 desktop, and looked into the dynamic service location protocol
11819 implementation avahi.  It look like it could be useful for us.  Almost
11820 30 people participated, and I believe it was a great environment to
11821 get to know the Skolelinux system.  Walter Bender, involved in the
11822 development of the Sugar educational platform, presented his stuff and
11823 also helped me improve my OLPC installation.  He also showed me that
11824 his Turtle Art application can be used in standalone mode, and we
11825 agreed that I would help getting it packaged for Debian.  As a
11826 standalone application it would be great for Debian Edu.  We also
11827 tried to get the video conferencing working with two OLPCs, but that
11828 proved to be too hard for us.  The application seem to need more work
11829 before it is ready for me.  I look forward to getting home and relax
11830 now. :)</p>
11831
11832       </div>
11833       <div class="tags">
11834
11835
11836         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11837
11838
11839       </div>
11840     </div>
11841     <div class="padding"></div>
11842
11843     <div class="entry">
11844       <div class="title">
11845         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">Time for new  LDAP schemas replacing RFC 2307?</a>
11846       </div>
11847       <div class="date">
11848         29th March 2009
11849       </div>
11850       <div class="body">
11851         <p>The state of standardized LDAP schemas on Linux is far from
11852 optimal.  There is RFC 2307 documenting one way to store NIS maps in
11853 LDAP, and a modified version of this normally called RFC 2307bis, with
11854 some modifications to be compatible with Active Directory.  The RFC
11855 specification handle the content of a lot of system databases, but do
11856 not handle DNS zones and DHCP configuration.</p>
11857
11858 <p>In <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux</a>,
11859 we would like to store information about users, SMB clients/hosts,
11860 filegroups, netgroups (users and hosts), DHCP and DNS configuration,
11861 and LTSP configuration in LDAP.  These objects have a lot in common,
11862 but with the current LDAP schemas it is not possible to have one
11863 object per entity.  For example, one need to have at least three LDAP
11864 objects for a given computer, one with the SMB related stuff, one with
11865 DNS information and another with DHCP information.  The schemas
11866 provided for DNS and DHCP are impossible to combine into one LDAP
11867 object.  In addition, it is impossible to implement quick queries for
11868 netgroup membership, because of the way NIS triples are implemented.
11869 It just do not scale.  I believe it is time for a few RFC
11870 specifications to cleam up this mess.</p>
11871
11872 <p>I would like to have one LDAP object representing each computer in
11873 the network, and this object can then keep the SMB (ie host key), DHCP
11874 (mac address/name) and DNS (name/IP address) settings in one place.
11875 It need to be efficently stored to make sure it scale well.</p>
11876
11877 <p>I would also like to have a quick way to map from a user or
11878 computer and to the net group this user or computer is a member.</p>
11879
11880 <p>Active Directory have done a better job than unix heads like myself
11881 in this regard, and the unix side need to catch up.  Time to start a
11882 new IETF work group?</p>
11883
11884       </div>
11885       <div class="tags">
11886
11887
11888         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11889
11890
11891       </div>
11892     </div>
11893     <div class="padding"></div>
11894
11895     <div class="entry">
11896       <div class="title">
11897         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_er_Debian_Lenny_gitt_ut.html">Endelig er Debian Lenny gitt ut</a>
11898       </div>
11899       <div class="date">
11900         15th February 2009
11901       </div>
11902       <div class="body">
11903         <p>Endelig er <a href="http://www.debian.org/">Debian</a>
11904 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2009/20090214">Lenny</a> gitt ut.
11905 Et langt steg videre for Debian-prosjektet, og en rekke nye
11906 programpakker blir nå tilgjengelig for de av oss som bruker den
11907 stabile utgaven av Debian.  Neste steg er nå å få
11908 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> /
11909 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/">Debian Edu</a> ferdig
11910 oppdatert for den nye utgaven, slik at en oppdatert versjon kan
11911 slippes løs på skolene.  Takk til alle debian-utviklerne som har
11912 gjort dette mulig.  Endelig er f.eks. fungerende avhengighetsstyrt
11913 bootsekvens tilgjengelig i stabil utgave, vha pakken
11914 <tt>insserv</tt>.</p>
11915
11916       </div>
11917       <div class="tags">
11918
11919
11920         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
11921
11922
11923       </div>
11924     </div>
11925     <div class="padding"></div>
11926
11927     <div class="entry">
11928       <div class="title">
11929         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_norsk_stavekontroll_med_st_tte_for_ord_med_bindestrek.html">Endelig norsk stavekontroll med støtte for ord med bindestrek</a>
11930       </div>
11931       <div class="date">
11932         26th December 2008
11933       </div>
11934       <div class="body">
11935         <p>Etter flere års mislykkede forsøk på å skrive om byggesystemet for
11936 <a href="http://no.speling.org/">den norske stavekontrollen for bokmål
11937 og nynorsk</a> til å ikke bruke bindestrek som ordskillemarkør, lyktes jeg
11938 endelig første juledag.  Bruken av bindestrek som ordskillemarkør har
11939 gjort det umulig å få med ord med bindestrek i
11940 stavekontrolldatagrunnlaget, slik at ord som e-post og CD-spiller ikke
11941 kunne godtas av stavekontrollen.  Hadde litt tid til overs å bruke på
11942 stavekontrollen, og satte meg ned med to kopier av byggsystemet og en
11943 liten testdatafil, og byttet ut - med = på utvalgte steder i
11944 byggsystemet og datafilen helt til jeg fikk samme resultat med det
11945 gamle og det nye byggsystemet.  Dette tror jeg var forsøk 4, der de
11946 foregående har feilet uten at jeg klarte å forstå hvorfor.  Det sier
11947 kanskje litt om kompleksiteten i det originale byggsystemet som Rune
11948 Kleveland laget i sin tid.</p>
11949
11950 <p>Etter å ha endret byggsystemet, var neste steg å importere ordene
11951 med bindestrek.  Vi har en rekke slike i databasene for
11952 <a href="http://tyge.sslug.dk/~korsvoll/nb.speling.org/htdocs/">bokmål</a>
11953 og
11954 <a href="http://tyge.sslug.dk/~korsvoll/nn.speling.org/htdocs/">nynorsk</a>
11955 for korrektur av datagrunnlaget for stavekontrollen, og etter importen
11956 skulle nå 10350 nye ord bli godkjent som korrekt stavede ord av
11957 stavekontrollen.</p>
11958
11959       </div>
11960       <div class="tags">
11961
11962
11963         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
11964
11965
11966       </div>
11967     </div>
11968     <div class="padding"></div>
11969
11970     <div class="entry">
11971       <div class="title">
11972         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Devcamp_brought_us_closer_to_the_Lenny_based_Debian_Edu_release.html">Devcamp brought us closer to the Lenny based Debian Edu release</a>
11973       </div>
11974       <div class="date">
11975          7th December 2008
11976       </div>
11977       <div class="body">
11978         <p>This weekend we had a small developer gathering for Debian Edu in
11979 Oslo.  Most of Saturday was used for the general assemly for the
11980 member organization, but the rest of the weekend I used to tune the
11981 LTSP installation.  LTSP now work out of the box on the 10-network.
11982 Acer Aspire One proved to be a very nice thin client, with both
11983 screen, mouse and keybard in a small box.  Was working on getting the
11984 diskless workstation setup configured out of the box, but did not
11985 finish it before the weekend was up.</p>
11986
11987 <p>Did not find time to look at the 4 VGA cards in one box we got from
11988 the Brazilian group, so that will have to wait for the next
11989 development gathering.  Would love to have the Debian Edu installer
11990 automatically detect and configure a multiseat setup when it find one
11991 of these cards.</p>
11992
11993       </div>
11994       <div class="tags">
11995
11996
11997         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp</a>.
11998
11999
12000       </div>
12001     </div>
12002     <div class="padding"></div>
12003
12004     <div class="entry">
12005       <div class="title">
12006         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_sorry_state_of_multimedia_browser_plugins_in_Debian.html">The sorry state of multimedia browser plugins in Debian</a>
12007       </div>
12008       <div class="date">
12009         25th November 2008
12010       </div>
12011       <div class="body">
12012         <p>Recently I have spent some time evaluating the multimedia browser
12013 plugins available in Debian Lenny, to see which one we should use by
12014 default in Debian Edu.  We need an embedded video playing plugin with
12015 control buttons to pause or stop the video, and capable of streaming
12016 all the multimedia content available on the web.  The test results and
12017 notes are available on
12018 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/BrowserMultimedia">the
12019 Debian wiki</a>.  I was surprised how few of the plugins are able to
12020 fill this need.  My personal video player favorite, VLC, has a really
12021 bad plugin which fail on a lot of the test pages.  A lot of the MIME
12022 types I would expect to work with any free software player (like
12023 video/ogg), just do not work.  And simple formats like the
12024 audio/x-mplegurl format (m3u playlists), just isn't supported by the
12025 totem and vlc plugins.  I hope the situation will improve soon.  No
12026 wonder sites use the proprietary Adobe flash to play video.</p>
12027
12028 <p>For Lenny, we seem to end up with the mplayer plugin.  It seem to
12029 be the only one fitting our needs. :/</p>
12030
12031       </div>
12032       <div class="tags">
12033
12034
12035         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
12036
12037
12038       </div>
12039     </div>
12040     <div class="padding"></div>
12041
12042     <p style="text-align: right;"><a href="debian edu.rss"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/xml.gif" alt="RSS Feed" width="36" height="14" /></a></p>
12043     <div id="sidebar">
12044
12045
12046
12047 <h2>Archive</h2>
12048 <ul>
12049
12050 <li>2013
12051 <ul>
12052
12053 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/01/">January (11)</a></li>
12054
12055 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/02/">February (9)</a></li>
12056
12057 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/03/">March (9)</a></li>
12058
12059 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/04/">April (6)</a></li>
12060
12061 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/05/">May (9)</a></li>
12062
12063 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/06/">June (7)</a></li>
12064
12065 </ul></li>
12066
12067 <li>2012
12068 <ul>
12069
12070 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/01/">January (7)</a></li>
12071
12072 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/02/">February (10)</a></li>
12073
12074 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/03/">March (17)</a></li>
12075
12076 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/04/">April (12)</a></li>
12077
12078 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/05/">May (12)</a></li>
12079
12080 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/06/">June (20)</a></li>
12081
12082 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/07/">July (17)</a></li>
12083
12084 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/08/">August (6)</a></li>
12085
12086 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/09/">September (9)</a></li>
12087
12088 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/10/">October (17)</a></li>
12089
12090 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/11/">November (10)</a></li>
12091
12092 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/12/">December (7)</a></li>
12093
12094 </ul></li>
12095
12096 <li>2011
12097 <ul>
12098
12099 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/01/">January (16)</a></li>
12100
12101 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/02/">February (6)</a></li>
12102
12103 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/03/">March (6)</a></li>
12104
12105 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/04/">April (7)</a></li>
12106
12107 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/05/">May (3)</a></li>
12108
12109 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/06/">June (2)</a></li>
12110
12111 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/07/">July (7)</a></li>
12112
12113 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/08/">August (6)</a></li>
12114
12115 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/09/">September (4)</a></li>
12116
12117 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/10/">October (2)</a></li>
12118
12119 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/11/">November (3)</a></li>
12120
12121 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/12/">December (1)</a></li>
12122
12123 </ul></li>
12124
12125 <li>2010
12126 <ul>
12127
12128 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/01/">January (2)</a></li>
12129
12130 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/02/">February (1)</a></li>
12131
12132 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/03/">March (3)</a></li>
12133
12134 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/04/">April (3)</a></li>
12135
12136 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/05/">May (9)</a></li>
12137
12138 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/06/">June (14)</a></li>
12139
12140 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/07/">July (12)</a></li>
12141
12142 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/08/">August (13)</a></li>
12143
12144 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/09/">September (7)</a></li>
12145
12146 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/10/">October (9)</a></li>
12147
12148 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/11/">November (13)</a></li>
12149
12150 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/12/">December (12)</a></li>
12151
12152 </ul></li>
12153
12154 <li>2009
12155 <ul>
12156
12157 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/01/">January (8)</a></li>
12158
12159 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/02/">February (8)</a></li>
12160
12161 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/03/">March (12)</a></li>
12162
12163 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/04/">April (10)</a></li>
12164
12165 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/05/">May (9)</a></li>
12166
12167 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/06/">June (3)</a></li>
12168
12169 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/07/">July (4)</a></li>
12170
12171 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/08/">August (3)</a></li>
12172
12173 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/09/">September (1)</a></li>
12174
12175 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/10/">October (2)</a></li>
12176
12177 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/11/">November (3)</a></li>
12178
12179 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/12/">December (3)</a></li>
12180
12181 </ul></li>
12182
12183 <li>2008
12184 <ul>
12185
12186 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/11/">November (5)</a></li>
12187
12188 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/12/">December (7)</a></li>
12189
12190 </ul></li>
12191
12192 </ul>
12193
12194
12195
12196 <h2>Tags</h2>
12197 <ul>
12198
12199  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/3d-printer">3d-printer (13)</a></li>
12200
12201  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/amiga">amiga (1)</a></li>
12202
12203  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/aros">aros (1)</a></li>
12204
12205  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bankid">bankid (4)</a></li>
12206
12207  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bitcoin">bitcoin (7)</a></li>
12208
12209  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem (12)</a></li>
12210
12211  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bsa">bsa (2)</a></li>
12212
12213  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian (77)</a></li>
12214
12215  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu (133)</a></li>
12216
12217  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/digistan">digistan (10)</a></li>
12218
12219  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook (9)</a></li>
12220
12221  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/drivstoffpriser">drivstoffpriser (4)</a></li>
12222
12223  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english (200)</a></li>
12224
12225  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fiksgatami">fiksgatami (21)</a></li>
12226
12227  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fildeling">fildeling (12)</a></li>
12228
12229  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture (11)</a></li>
12230
12231  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/frikanalen">frikanalen (11)</a></li>
12232
12233  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju (36)</a></li>
12234
12235  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram (6)</a></li>
12236
12237  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kart">kart (18)</a></li>
12238
12239  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap (8)</a></li>
12240
12241  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker (6)</a></li>
12242
12243  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp (1)</a></li>
12244
12245  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia (25)</a></li>
12246
12247  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk (234)</a></li>
12248
12249  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug (152)</a></li>
12250
12251  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn (8)</a></li>
12252
12253  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/open311">open311 (2)</a></li>
12254
12255  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett (44)</a></li>
12256
12257  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern (65)</a></li>
12258
12259  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/raid">raid (1)</a></li>
12260
12261  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reprap">reprap (11)</a></li>
12262
12263  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rfid">rfid (2)</a></li>
12264
12265  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/robot">robot (7)</a></li>
12266
12267  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rss">rss (1)</a></li>
12268
12269  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ruter">ruter (4)</a></li>
12270
12271  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/scraperwiki">scraperwiki (2)</a></li>
12272
12273  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet (29)</a></li>
12274
12275  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary (4)</a></li>
12276
12277  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/skepsis">skepsis (4)</a></li>
12278
12279  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard (43)</a></li>
12280
12281  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll (3)</a></li>
12282
12283  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stortinget">stortinget (7)</a></li>
12284
12285  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance (15)</a></li>
12286
12287  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sysadmin">sysadmin (1)</a></li>
12288
12289  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/valg">valg (7)</a></li>
12290
12291  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video (38)</a></li>
12292
12293  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/vitenskap">vitenskap (4)</a></li>
12294
12295  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web (26)</a></li>
12296
12297 </ul>
12298
12299
12300     </div>
12301     <p style="text-align: right">
12302  Created by <a href="http://steve.org.uk/Software/chronicle">Chronicle v4.6</a>
12303 </p>
12304
12305   </body>
12306 </html>