blog/tags/debian edu/index.html

   1 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
   2           "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
   3 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" dir="ltr">
   4   <head>
   5     <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8" />
   6     <title>Petter Reinholdtsen: Entries Tagged debian edu</title>
   7     <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="screen" href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/style.css" />
   8     <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="screen" href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/vim.css" />
   9     <link rel="alternate" title="RSS Feed" href="debian edu.rss" type="application/rss+xml" />
  10   </head>
  11   <body>
  12     <div class="title">
  13  <h1>
  14      <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/">Petter Reinholdtsen</a>
  15
  16  </h1>
  17
  18 </div>
  19
  20
  21     <h3>Entries tagged "debian edu".</h3>
  22
  23     <div class="entry">
  24       <div class="title">
  25         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Speeding_up_the_Debian_installer_using_eatmydata_and_dpkg_divert.html">Speeding up the Debian installer using eatmydata and dpkg-divert</a>
  26       </div>
  27       <div class="date">
  28         16th September 2014
  29       </div>
  30       <div class="body">
  31         <p>The <a href="https://www.debian.org/">Debian</a> installer could be
  32 a lot quicker.  When we install more than 2000 packages in
  33 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a> using
  34 tasksel in the installer, unpacking the binary packages take forever.
  35 A part of the slow I/O issue was discussed in
  36 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/613428">bug #613428</a> about too
  37 much file system sync-ing done by dpkg, which is the package
  38 responsible for unpacking the binary packages.  Other parts (like code
  39 executed by postinst scripts) might also sync to disk during
  40 installation.  All this sync-ing to disk do not really make sense to
  41 me.  If the machine crash half-way through, I start over, I do not try
  42 to salvage the half installed system.  So the failure sync-ing is
  43 supposed to protect against, hardware or system crash, is not really
  44 relevant while the installer is running.</p>
  45
  46 <p>A few days ago, I thought of a way to get rid of all the file
  47 system sync()-ing in a fairly non-intrusive way, without the need to
  48 change the code in several packages.  The idea is not new, but I have
  49 not heard anyone propose the approach using dpkg-divert before.  It
  50 depend on the small and clever package
  51 <a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/eatmydata">eatmydata</a>, which
  52 uses LD_PRELOAD to replace the system functions for syncing data to
  53 disk with functions doing nothing, thus allowing programs to live
  54 dangerous while speeding up disk I/O significantly.  Instead of
  55 modifying the implementation of dpkg, apt and tasksel (which are the
  56 packages responsible for selecting, fetching and installing packages),
  57 it occurred to me that we could just divert the programs away, replace
  58 them with a simple shell wrapper calling
  59 "eatmydata&nbsp;$program&nbsp;$@", to get the same effect.
  60 Two days ago I decided to test the idea, and wrapped up a simple
  61 implementation for the Debian Edu udeb.</p>
  62
  63 <p>The effect was stunning.  In my first test it reduced the running
  64 time of the pkgsel step (installing tasks) from 64 to less than 44
  65 minutes (20 minutes shaved off the installation) on an old Dell
  66 Latitude D505 machine.  I am not quite sure what the optimised time
  67 would have been, as I messed up the testing a bit, causing the debconf
  68 priority to get low enough for two questions to pop up during
  69 installation.  As soon as I saw the questions I moved the installation
  70 along, but do not know how long the question were holding up the
  71 installation.  I did some more measurements using Debian Edu Jessie,
  72 and got these results.  The time measured is the time stamp in
  73 /var/log/syslog between the "pkgsel: starting tasksel" and the
  74 "pkgsel: finishing up" lines, if you want to do the same measurement
  75 yourself.  In Debian Edu, the tasksel dialog do not show up, and the
  76 timing thus do not depend on how quickly the user handle the tasksel
  77 dialog.</p>
  78
  79 <p><table>
  80
  81 <tr>
  82 <th>Machine/setup</th>
  83 <th>Original tasksel</th>
  84 <th>Optimised tasksel</th>
  85 <th>Reduction</th>
  86 </tr>
  87
  88 <tr>
  89 <td>Latitude D505 Main+LTSP LXDE</td>
  90 <td>64 min (07:46-08:50)</td>
  91 <td><44 min (11:27-12:11)</td>
  92 <td>>20 min 18%</td>
  93 </tr>
  94
  95 <tr>
  96 <td>Latitude D505 Roaming LXDE</td>
  97 <td>57 min (08:48-09:45)</td>
  98 <td>34 min (07:43-08:17)</td>
  99 <td>23 min 40%</td>
 100 </tr>
 101
 102 <tr>
 103 <td>Latitude D505 Minimal</td>
 104 <td>22 min (10:37-10:59)</td>
 105 <td>11 min (11:16-11:27)</td>
 106 <td>11 min 50%</td>
 107 </tr>
 108
 109 <tr>
 110 <td>Thinkpad X200 Minimal</td>
 111 <td>6 min (08:19-08:25)</td>
 112 <td>4 min (08:04-08:08)</td>
 113 <td>2 min 33%</td>
 114 </tr>
 115
 116 <tr>
 117 <td>Thinkpad X200 Roaming KDE</td>
 118 <td>19 min (09:21-09:40)</td>
 119 <td>15 min (10:25-10:40)</td>
 120 <td>4 min 21%</td>
 121 </tr>
 122
 123 </table></p>
 124
 125 <p>The test is done using a netinst ISO on a USB stick, so some of the
 126 time is spent downloading packages.  The connection to the Internet
 127 was 100Mbit/s during testing, so downloading should not be a
 128 significant factor in the measurement.  Download typically took a few
 129 seconds to a few minutes, depending on the amount of packages being
 130 installed.</p>
 131
 132 <p>The speedup is implemented by using two hooks in
 133 <a href="https://www.debian.org/devel/debian-installer/">Debian
 134 Installer</a>, the pre-pkgsel.d hook to set up the diverts, and the
 135 finish-install.d hook to remove the divert at the end of the
 136 installation.  I picked the pre-pkgsel.d hook instead of the
 137 post-base-installer.d hook because I test using an ISO without the
 138 eatmydata package included, and the post-base-installer.d hook in
 139 Debian Edu can only operate on packages included in the ISO.  The
 140 negative effect of this is that I am unable to activate this
 141 optimization for the kernel installation step in d-i.  If the code is
 142 moved to the post-base-installer.d hook, the speedup would be larger
 143 for the entire installation.</p>
 144
 145 <p>I've implemented this in the
 146 <a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/debian-edu-install">debian-edu-install</a>
 147 git repository, and plan to provide the optimization as part of the
 148 Debian Edu installation.  If you want to test this yourself, you can
 149 create two files in the installer (or in an udeb).  One shell script
 150 need do go into /usr/lib/pre-pkgsel.d/, with content like this:</p>
 151
 152 <p><blockquote><pre>
 153 #!/bin/sh
 154 set -e
 155 . /usr/share/debconf/confmodule
 156 info() {
 157     logger -t my-pkgsel "info: $*"
 158 }
 159 error() {
 160     logger -t my-pkgsel "error: $*"
 161 }
 162 override_install() {
 163     apt-install eatmydata || true
 164     if [ -x /target/usr/bin/eatmydata ] ; then
 165         for bin in dpkg apt-get aptitude tasksel ; do
 166             file=/usr/bin/$bin
 167             # Test that the file exist and have not been diverted already.
 168             if [ -f /target$file ] ; then
 169                 info "diverting $file using eatmydata"
 170                 printf "#!/bin/sh\neatmydata $bin.distrib \"\$@\"\n" \
 171                     > /target$file.edu
 172                 chmod 755 /target$file.edu
 173                 in-target dpkg-divert --package debian-edu-config \
 174                     --rename --quiet --add $file
 175                 ln -sf ./$bin.edu /target$file
 176             else
 177                 error "unable to divert $file, as it is missing."
 178             fi
 179         done
 180     else
 181         error "unable to find /usr/bin/eatmydata after installing the eatmydata pacage"
 182     fi
 183 }
 184
 185 override_install
 186 </pre></blockquote></p>
 187
 188 <p>To clean up, another shell script should go into
 189 /usr/lib/finish-install.d/ with code like this:
 190
 191 <p><blockquote><pre>
 192 #! /bin/sh -e
 193 . /usr/share/debconf/confmodule
 194 error() {
 195     logger -t my-finish-install "error: $@"
 196 }
 197 remove_install_override() {
 198     for bin in dpkg apt-get aptitude tasksel ; do
 199         file=/usr/bin/$bin
 200         if [ -x /target$file.edu ] ; then
 201             rm /target$file
 202             in-target dpkg-divert --package debian-edu-config \
 203                 --rename --quiet --remove $file
 204             rm /target$file.edu
 205         else
 206             error "Missing divert for $file."
 207         fi
 208     done
 209     sync # Flush file buffers before continuing
 210 }
 211
 212 remove_install_override
 213 </pre></blockquote></p>
 214
 215 <p>In Debian Edu, I placed both code fragments in a separate script
 216 edu-eatmydata-install and call it from the pre-pkgsel.d and
 217 finish-install.d scripts.</p>
 218
 219 <p>By now you might ask if this change should get into the normal
 220 Debian installer too?  I suspect it should, but am not sure the
 221 current debian-installer coordinators find it useful enough.  It also
 222 depend on the side effects of the change.  I'm not aware of any, but I
 223 guess we will see if the change is safe after some more testing.
 224 Perhaps there is some package in Debian depending on sync() and
 225 fsync() having effect?  Perhaps it should go into its own udeb, to
 226 allow those of us wanting to enable it to do so without affecting
 227 everyone.</p>
 228
 229 <p>Update 2014-09-24: Since a few days ago, enabling this optimization
 230 will break installation of all programs using gnutls because of
 231 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/702711">bug #702711.  An updated
 232 eatmydata package in Debian will solve it.</p>
 233
 234       </div>
 235       <div class="tags">
 236
 237
 238         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 239
 240
 241       </div>
 242     </div>
 243     <div class="padding"></div>
 244
 245     <div class="entry">
 246       <div class="title">
 247         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Bernd_Zeitzen.html">Debian Edu interview: Bernd Zeitzen</a>
 248       </div>
 249       <div class="date">
 250         31st July 2014
 251       </div>
 252       <div class="body">
 253         <p>The complete and free “out of the box” software solution for
 254 schools, <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
 255 Skolelinux</a>, is used quite a lot in Germany, and one of the people
 256 involved is Bernd Zeitzen, who show up on the project mailing lists
 257 from time to time with interesting questions and tips on how to adjust
 258 the setup.  I managed to interview him this summer.</p>
 259
 260 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
 261
 262 <p>My name is Bernd Zeitzen and I'm married with Hedda, a self
 263 employed physiotherapist.  My former profession is tool maker, but I
 264 haven't worked for 30 years in this job.  30 years ago I started to
 265 support my wife and become her officeworker and a few years later the
 266 administrator for a small computer network, today based on Ubuntu
 267 Server (Samba, OpenVPN). For her daily work she has to use Windows
 268 Desktops because the software she needs to organize her business only
 269 works with Windows . :-(</p>
 270
 271 <p>In 1988 we started with one PC and DOS, then I learned to use
 272 Windows 98, 2000, XP, …, 8, Ubuntu, MacOSX.  Today we are running a
 273 Linux server with 6 Windows clients and 10 persons (teacher of
 274 children with special needs, speech therapist, occupational therapist,
 275 psychologist and officeworkers) using our Samba shares via OpenVPN to
 276 work with the documentations of our patients.</p>
 277
 278 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
 279 project?</strong></p>
 280
 281 <p>Two years ago a friend of mine asked me, if I want to get a job in
 282 his school (<a href="http://www.gymnasium-harsewinkel.de/">Gymnasium
 283 Harsewinkel</a>).  They started with Skolelinux / Debian Edu and they
 284 were looking for people to give support to the teachers using the
 285 software and the network and teaching the pupils increasing their
 286 computer skills in optional lessons.  I'm spending 4-6 hours a week
 287 with this job.</p>
 288
 289 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 290 Edu?</strong></p>
 291
 292 <p>The independence.</p>
 293
 294 <p>First: Every person is allowed to use, share and develop the
 295 software. Even if you are poor, you are allowed to use the software
 296 included in Skolelinux/Debian Edu and all the other Free Software.</p>
 297
 298 <p>Second: The software runs on old machines and this gives us the
 299 possibility to recycle computers, weeded out from offices.  The
 300 servers and desktops are running for more than two years and they are
 301 working reliable. </p>
 302
 303 <p>We have two servers (one tjener and one terminal server), 45
 304 workstations in three classrooms and seven laptops as a mobile
 305 solution for all classrooms.  These machines are all booting from the
 306 terminal server.  In the moment we are installing 30 laptops as mobile
 307 workstations.  Then the pupils have the possibility to work with these
 308 machines in their classrooms.  Internet access is realized by a WLAN
 309 router, connected to the schools network. This is all done without a
 310 dedicated system administrator or a computer science teacher.</p>
 311
 312 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 313 Edu?</strong></p>
 314
 315 <p>Teachers and pupils are Windows users.  &lt;Irony on&gt; And Linux
 316 isn't cool. It's software for freaks using the command line. &lt;Irony
 317 off&gt; They don't realize the stability of the system. </p>
 318
 319 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
 320
 321 <p>Firefox, Thunderbird, LibreOffice, Ubuntu Server 12.04 (Samba,
 322 Apache, MySQL, Joomla!, … and Skolelinux / Debian Edu)</p>
 323
 324 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
 325 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
 326
 327 <p>In Germany we have the situation: every school is free to decide
 328 which software they want to use. This decision is influenced by
 329 teachers who learned to use Windows and MS Office. They buy a PC with
 330 Windows preinstalled and an additional testing version of MS
 331 Office. They don't know about the possibility to use Free Software
 332 instead.  Another problem are the publisher of school books.  They
 333 develop their software, added to the school books, for Windows.</p>
 334
 335       </div>
 336       <div class="tags">
 337
 338
 339         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
 340
 341
 342       </div>
 343     </div>
 344     <div class="padding"></div>
 345
 346     <div class="entry">
 347       <div class="title">
 348         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/From_English_wiki_to_translated_PDF_and_epub_via_Docbook.html">From English wiki to translated PDF and epub via Docbook</a>
 349       </div>
 350       <div class="date">
 351         17th June 2014
 352       </div>
 353       <div class="body">
 354         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
 355 project</a> provide an instruction manual for teachers, system
 356 administrators and other users that contain useful tips for setting up
 357 and maintaining a Debian Edu installation.  This text is about how the
 358 text processing of this manual is handled in the project.</p>
 359
 360 <p>One goal of the project is to provide information in the native
 361 language of its users, and for this we need to handle translations.
 362 But we also want to make sure each language contain the same
 363 information, so for this we need a good way to keep the translations
 364 in sync.  And we want it to be easy for our users to improve the
 365 documentation, avoiding the need to learn special formats or tools to
 366 contribute, and the obvious way to do this is to make it possible to
 367 edit the documentation using a web browser.  We also want it to be
 368 easy for translators to keep the translation up to date, and give them
 369 help in figuring out what need to be translated. Here is the list of
 370 tools and the process we have found trying to reach all these
 371 goals.</p>
 372
 373 <p>We maintain the authoritative source of our manual in the
 374 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/">Debian
 375 wiki</a>, as several wiki pages written in English.  It consist of one
 376 front page with references to the different chapters, several pages
 377 for each chapter, and finally one "collection page" gluing all the
 378 chapters together into one large web page (aka
 379 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/AllInOne">the
 380 AllInOne page</a>).  The AllInOne page is the one used for further
 381 processing and translations.  Thanks to the fact that the
 382 <a href="http://moinmo.in/">MoinMoin</a> installation on
 383 wiki.debian.org support exporting pages in
 384 <a href="http://www.docbook.org/">the Docbook format</a>, we can fetch
 385 the list of pages to export using the raw version of the AllInOne
 386 page, loop over each of them to generate a Docbook XML version of the
 387 manual.  This process also download images and transform image
 388 references to use the locally downloaded images.  The generated
 389 Docbook XML files are slightly broken, so some post-processing is done
 390 using the <tt>documentation/scripts/get_manual</tt> program, and the
 391 result is a nice Docbook XML file (debian-edu-wheezy-manual.xml) and
 392 a handfull of images.  The XML file can now be used to generate PDF, HTML
 393 and epub versions of the English manual.  This is the basic step of
 394 our process, making PDF (using dblatex), HTML (using xsltproc) and
 395 epub (using dbtoepub) version from Docbook XML, and the resulting files
 396 are placed in the debian-edu-doc-en binary package.</p>
 397
 398 <p>But English documentation is not enough for us.  We want translated
 399 documentation too, and we want to make it easy for translators to
 400 track the English original.  For this we use the
 401 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/p/poxml.html">poxml</a> package,
 402 which allow us to transform the English Docbook XML file into a
 403 translation file (a .pot file), usable with the normal gettext based
 404 translation tools used by those translating free software.  The pot
 405 file is used to create and maintain translation files (several .po
 406 files), which the translations update with the native language
 407 translations of all titles, paragraphs and blocks of text in the
 408 original.  The next step is combining the original English Docbook XML
 409 and the translation file (say debian-edu-wheezy-manual.nb.po), to
 410 create a translated Docbook XML file (in this case
 411 debian-edu-wheezy-manual.nb.xml).  This translated (or partly
 412 translated, if the translation is not complete) Docbook XML file can
 413 then be used like the original to create a PDF, HTML and epub version
 414 of the documentation.</p>
 415
 416 <p>The translators use different tools to edit the .po files.  We
 417 recommend using
 418 <a href="http://www.kde.org/applications/development/lokalize/">lokalize</a>,
 419 while some use emacs and vi, others can use web based editors like
 420 <a href="http://pootle.translatehouse.org/">Poodle</a> or
 421 <a href="https://www.transifex.com/">Transifex</a>.  All we care about
 422 is where the .po file end up, in our git repository.  Updated
 423 translations can either be committed directly to git, or submitted as
 424 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/src:debian-edu-doc">bug reports
 425 against the debian-edu-doc package</a>.</p>
 426
 427 <p>One challenge is images, which both might need to be translated (if
 428 they show translated user applications), and are needed in different
 429 formats when creating PDF and HTML versions (epub is a HTML version in
 430 this regard).  For this we transform the original PNG images to the
 431 needed density and format during build, and have a way to provide
 432 translated images by storing translated versions in
 433 images/$LANGUAGECODE/.  I am a bit unsure about the details here.  The
 434 package maintainers know more.</p>
 435
 436 <p>If you wonder what the result look like, we provide
 437 <a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/">the content
 438 of the documentation packages on the web</a>.  See for example the
 439 <a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/it/debian-edu-wheezy-manual.pdf">Italian
 440 PDF version</a> or the
 441 <a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/de/debian-edu-wheezy-manual.html">German
 442 HTML version</a>.  We do not yet build the epub version by default,
 443 but perhaps it will be done in the future.</p>
 444
 445 <p>To learn more, check out
 446 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/d/debian-edu-doc.html">the
 447 debian-edu-doc package</a>,
 448 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/">the
 449 manual on the wiki</a> and
 450 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/Translations">the
 451 translation instructions</a> in the manual.</p>
 452
 453       </div>
 454       <div class="tags">
 455
 456
 457         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 458
 459
 460       </div>
 461     </div>
 462     <div class="padding"></div>
 463
 464     <div class="entry">
 465       <div class="title">
 466         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Roger_Marsal.html">Debian Edu interview: Roger Marsal</a>
 467       </div>
 468       <div class="date">
 469         30th March 2014
 470       </div>
 471       <div class="body">
 472         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
 473 keep gaining new users.  Some weeks ago, a person showed up on IRC,
 474 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/#debian-edu">#debian-edu</a>, with a
 475 wish to contribute, and I managed to get a interview with this great
 476 contributor Roger Marsal to learn more about his background.</p>
 477
 478 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
 479
 480 <p>My name is Roger Marsal, I'm 27 years old (1986 generation) and I
 481 live in Barcelona, Spain. I've got a strong business background and I
 482 work as a patrimony manager and as a real estate agent.  Additionally,
 483 I've co-founded a British based tech company that is nowadays on the
 484 last development phase of a new social networking concept.</p>
 485
 486 <p>I'm a Linux enthusiast that started its journey with Ubuntu four years
 487 ago and have recently switched to Debian seeking rock solid stability
 488 and as a necessary step to gain expertise.</p>
 489
 490 <p>In a nutshell, I spend my days working and learning as much as I
 491 can to face both my job, entrepreneur project and feed my Linux
 492 hunger.</p>
 493
 494 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
 495 project?</strong></p>
 496
 497 <p>I discovered the <a href="http://www.ltsp.org/">LTSP</a> advantages
 498 with "Ubuntu 12.04 alternate install" and after a year of use I
 499 started looking for an alternative.  Even though I highly value and
 500 respect the Ubuntu project, I thought it was necessary for me to
 501 change to a more robust and stable alternative.  As far as I was using
 502 Debian on my personal laptop I thought it would be fine to install
 503 Debian and configure an LTSP server myself.  Surprised, I discovered
 504 that the Debian project also supported a kind of Edubuntu equivalent,
 505 and after having some pain I obtained a Debian Edu network up and
 506 running.  I just loved it.</p>
 507
 508 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 509 Edu?</strong></p>
 510
 511 <p>I found a main advantage in that, once you know "the tips and
 512 tricks", a new installation just works out of the box. It's the most
 513 complete alternative I've found to create an LTSP network. All the
 514 other distributions seems to be made of plastic, Debian Edu seems to
 515 be made of steel.</p>
 516
 517 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 518 Edu?</strong></p>
 519
 520 <p>I found two main disadvantages.</p>
 521
 522 <p>I'm not an expert but I've got notions and I had to spent a considerable
 523 amount of time trying to bring up a standard network topology. I'm quite
 524 stubborn and I just worked until I did but I'm sure many people with few
 525 resources (not big schools, but academies for example) would have switched
 526 or dropped.</p>
 527
 528 <p>It's amazing how such a complex system like Debian Edu has achieved
 529 this out-of-the-box state. Even though tweaking without breaking gets
 530 more difficult, as more factors have to be considered. This can
 531 discourage many people too.</p>
 532
 533 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
 534
 535 <p>I use Debian, Firefox, Okular, Inkscape, LibreOffice and
 536 Virtualbox.</p>
 537
 538
 539 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
 540 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
 541
 542 <p>I don't think there is a need for a particular strategy. The free
 543 attribute in both "freedom" and "no price" meanings is what will
 544 really bring free software to schools. In my experience I can think of
 545 the <a href="http://www.r-project.org/">"R" statistical language</a>; a
 546 few years a ago was an extremely nerd tool for university people.
 547 Today it's being increasingly used to teach statistics at many
 548 different level of studies.  I believe free and open software will
 549 increasingly gain popularity, but I'm sure schools will be one of the
 550 first scenarios where this will happen.</p>
 551
 552       </div>
 553       <div class="tags">
 554
 555
 556         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
 557
 558
 559       </div>
 560     </div>
 561     <div class="padding"></div>
 562
 563     <div class="entry">
 564       <div class="title">
 565         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_add_extra_storage_servers_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux.html">How to add extra storage servers in Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
 566       </div>
 567       <div class="date">
 568         12th March 2014
 569       </div>
 570       <div class="body">
 571         <p>On larger sites, it is useful to use a dedicated storage server for
 572 storing user home directories and data.  The design for handling this
 573 in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>, is
 574 to update the automount rules in LDAP and let the automount daemon on
 575 the clients take care of the rest.  I was reminded about the need to
 576 document this better when one of the customers of
 577 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a>, where I am
 578 on the board of directors, asked about how to do this.  The steps to
 579 get this working are the following:</p>
 580
 581 <p><ol>
 582
 583 <li>Add new storage server in DNS.  I use nas-server.intern as the
 584 example host here.</li>
 585
 586 <li>Add automoun LDAP information about this server in LDAP, to allow
 587 all clients to automatically mount it on reqeust.</li>
 588
 589 <li>Add the relevant entries in tjener.intern:/etc/fstab, because
 590 tjener.intern do not use automount to avoid mounting loops.</li>
 591
 592 </ol></p>
 593
 594 <p>DNS entries are added in GOsa², and not described here.  Follow the
 595 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/GettingStarted">instructions
 596 in the manual</a> (Machine Management with GOsa² in section Getting
 597 started).</p>
 598
 599 <p>Ensure that the NFS export points on the server are exported to the
 600 relevant subnets or machines:</p>
 601
 602 <p><blockquote><pre>
 603 root@tjener:~# showmount -e nas-server
 604 Export list for nas-server:
 605 /storage         10.0.0.0/8
 606 root@tjener:~#
 607 </pre></blockquote></p>
 608
 609 <p>Here everything on the backbone network is granted access to the
 610 /storage export.  With NFSv3 it is slightly better to limit it to
 611 netgroup membership or single IP addresses to have some limits on the
 612 NFS access.</p>
 613
 614 <p>The next step is to update LDAP.  This can not be done using GOsa²,
 615 because it lack a module for automount.  Instead, use ldapvi and add
 616 the required LDAP objects using an editor.</p>
 617
 618 <p><blockquote><pre>
 619 ldapvi --ldap-conf -ZD '(cn=admin)' -b ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
 620 </pre></blockquote></p>
 621
 622 <p>When the editor show up, add the following LDAP objects at the
 623 bottom of the document.  The "/&" part in the last LDAP object is a
 624 wild card matching everything the nas-server exports, removing the
 625 need to list individual mount points in LDAP.</p>
 626
 627 <p><blockquote><pre>
 628 add cn=nas-server,ou=auto.skole,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
 629 objectClass: automount
 630 cn: nas-server
 631 automountInformation: -fstype=autofs --timeout=60 ldap:ou=auto.nas-server,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
 632
 633 add ou=auto.nas-server,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
 634 objectClass: top
 635 objectClass: automountMap
 636 ou: auto.nas-server
 637
 638 add cn=/,ou=auto.nas-server,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
 639 objectClass: automount
 640 cn: /
 641 automountInformation: -fstype=nfs,tcp,rsize=32768,wsize=32768,rw,intr,hard,nodev,nosuid,noatime nas-server.intern:/&
 642 </pre></blockquote></p>
 643
 644 <p>The last step to remember is to mount the relevant mount points in
 645 tjener.intern by adding them to /etc/fstab, creating the mount
 646 directories using mkdir and running "mount -a" to mount them.</p>
 647
 648 <p>When this is done, your users should be able to access the files on
 649 the storage server directly by just visiting the
 650 /tjener/nas-server/storage/ directory using any application on any
 651 workstation, LTSP client or LTSP server.</p>
 652
 653       </div>
 654       <div class="tags">
 655
 656
 657         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>.
 658
 659
 660       </div>
 661     </div>
 662     <div class="padding"></div>
 663
 664     <div class="entry">
 665       <div class="title">
 666         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Dominik_George.html">Debian Edu interview: Dominik George</a>
 667       </div>
 668       <div class="date">
 669         25th December 2013
 670       </div>
 671       <div class="body">
 672         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
 673 project</a> consist of both newcomers and old timers, and this time I
 674 was able to get an interview with a newcomer in the project who showed
 675 up on the IRC channel a few weeks ago to let us know about his
 676 successful installation of Debian Edu Wheezy in his School.  Say hello
 677 to <a href="https://www.ohloh.net/accounts/Natureshadow">Dominik
 678 George</a>.</p>
 679
 680 <!-- http://www.dominik-george.de/images/foto.jpg -->
 681
 682 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
 683
 684 <p>I am a 23 year-old student from Germany who has spent half of his
 685 life with open source. In "real life", I am, as already mentioned, a
 686 student in the fields of Computer Science, Electrical Engineering,
 687 Information Technologies and Anglistics. Due to my (only partially
 688 voluntary) huge engagement in the open source world, these things are
 689 a bit vacant right now however.</p>
 690
 691 <p>I also have been working as a project teacher at a Gymasnium
 692 (public school) for various years now. I took up that work some time
 693 around 2005 when still attending that school myself and have continued
 694 it until today. I also had been running the (kind of very advanced)
 695 network of that school together with a team of very interested and
 696 talented students in the age of 11 to 15 years, who took the chance to
 697 learn a lot about open source and networking before I left the school
 698 to help building another school's informational education concept from
 699 scratch.</p>
 700
 701 <p>That said, one might see me as a kind of "glue" between school kids
 702 and the elderly of teachers as well as between the open source
 703 ecosystem and the (even more complex) educational ecosystem.</p>
 704
 705 <p>When I am not busy with open source or education, I like Geocaching
 706 and cycling.</p>
 707
 708 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
 709 project?</strong></p>
 710
 711 <p>I think that happened some time around 2009 when I first attended
 712 <a href="http://www.froscon.org">FrOSCon</a> and visited the project
 713 booth. I think I wasn't too interested back then because I used to
 714 have an attitude of disliking software that does too much stuff on its
 715 own. Maybe I was too inexperienced to realise the upsides of an
 716 "out-of-the-box" solution ;).</p>
 717
 718 <p>The first time I actively talked to Skolelinux people was at
 719 <a href="http://www.openrheinruhr.de">OpenRheinRuhr</a> 2011 when the
 720 BiscuIT project, a home-grewn software used by my school for various
 721 really cool things from timetables and class contact lists to lunch
 722 ordering, student ID card printing and project elections first got to
 723 a stage where it could have been published. I asked the Skolelinux
 724 guys running the booth if the project were interested in it and gave a
 725 small demonstration, but there wasn't any real feedback and the guys
 726 seemed rather uninterested.</p>
 727
 728 <p>After I left the school where I developed the software, it got
 729 mostly lost, but I am now reimplementing it for my new school. I have
 730 reusability and compatibility in mind, and I hop there will be a new
 731 basis for contributing it to the Skolelinux project ;)!</p>
 732
 733 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 734 Edu?</strong></p>
 735
 736 <p>The most important advantage seems to be that it "just
 737 works". After overcoming some minor (but still very annoying) glitches
 738 in the installer, I got a fully functional, working school network,
 739 without the month-long hassle I experienced when setting all that up
 740 from scratch in earlier years. And above that, it rocked - I didn't
 741 have any real hardware at hand, because the school was just founded
 742 and has no money whatsoever, so I installed a combined server (main
 743 server, terminal services and workstation) in a VM on my personal
 744 notebook, bridging the LTSP network interface to the ethernet port,
 745 and then PXE-booted the Windows notebooks that were lying around from
 746 it. I could use 8 clients without any performance issues, by using a
 747 tiny little VM on a tiny little notebook. I think that's enough to say
 748 that it rocks!</p>
 749
 750 <p>Secondly, there are marketing reasons. Life's bad, and so no
 751 politician will ever permit a setup described as "Debian, an universal
 752 operating system, with some really cool educational tools" while they
 753 will be jsut fine with "Skolelinux, a single-purpose solution for your
 754 school network", even if both turn out to be the very same thing (yes,
 755 this is unfair towards the Skolelinux project, and must not be taken
 756 too seriously - you get the idea, anyway).</p>
 757
 758 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 759 Edu?</strong></p>
 760
 761 <p>I have not been involved with Skolelinux long enough to really
 762 answer this question in a fair way. Thus, please allow me to put it in
 763 other words: "What do you expect from Skolelinux to keep liking it?" I
 764 can list a few points about that:</p>
 765
 766 <ul>
 767
 768  <li>always strive to get all things integrated into Debian upstream
 769  <li>be open to discussion about changes and the like, even with newcomers
 770  <li>be helpful at being helpful ;)
 771
 772 </ul>
 773
 774 <p>I'm really sorry I cannot say much more about that :(!</p>
 775
 776 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
 777
 778 <p>First of all, all software I use is free and open. I have abandoned
 779 all non-free software (except for firmware on my darned phone) this
 780 year.</p>
 781
 782 <p>I run Debian GNU/Linux on all PC systems I use. On that, I mostly
 783 run text tools. I use
 784 <a href="https://www.mirbsd.org/mksh.htm">mksh</a> as shell,
 785 <a href="https://www.mirbsd.org/jupp.htm">jupp</a> as very advanced
 786 text editor (I even got the developer to help me write a script/macro
 787 based full-featured student management software with the two),
 788 <a href="http://mcabber.com/">mcabber</a> for XMPP and
 789 <a href="http://www.irssi.org/">irssi</a> for IRC. For that overly
 790 coloured world called the WWW, I use
 791 <a href="https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/new/">Iceweasel
 792 (Firefox)</a>. Oh, and <a href="http://www.mutt.org/">mutt</a> for
 793 e-mail.</p>
 794
 795 <p>However, while I am personally aware of the fact that text tools
 796 are more efficient and powerful than anything else, I also use (or at
 797 least operate) some tools that are suitable to bring open source to
 798 kids. One of these things is <a href="http://jappix.org/">Jappix</a>,
 799 which I already introduced to some kids even before they got aware of
 800 Facebook, making them see for themselves that they do not need
 801 Facebook now ;).</p>
 802
 803 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
 804 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
 805
 806 <p>Well, that's a two-sided thing. One side is what I believe, and one
 807 side is what I have experienced.</p>
 808
 809 <p>I believe that the right strategy is showing them the benefits. But
 810 that won't work out as long as the acceptance of free alternatives
 811 grows globally. What I mean is that if all the kids are almost forced
 812 to use Windows, Facebook, Skype, you name it at home, they will not
 813 see why they would want to use alternatives at school. I have seen
 814 students take seat in front of a fully-functional, modern Debian
 815 desktop that could do anything their Windows at home could do, and
 816 they jsut refused to use it because "Linux sucks". It is something
 817 that makes the council of our city spend around 600000 € to buy
 818 software - not including hardware, mind you - for operating school
 819 networks, and for installing a system that, as has been proved, does
 820 not work. For those of you readers who are good at maths, have you
 821 already found out how many lives could have been saved with that money
 822 if we had instead used it to bring education to parts of the world
 823 that need it? I have, and found it to be nothing less dramatic than
 824 plain criminal.</p>
 825
 826 <p>That said, the only feasible way appears to be the bottom up
 827 method. We have to bring free software to kids and parents. I have
 828 founded an association named
 829 <a href="https://www.teckids.org">Teckids</a> here in Germany that does
 830 just that. We organise several events for kids and adolescents in the
 831 area of free and open source software, for example the
 832 <a href="http://kids.froscon.org">FrogLabs</a>, which share staff with
 833 Teckids and are the youth programme of
 834 <a href="http://www.froscon.org">the Free and Open Source Software
 835 Conference (FrOSCon)</a>. We do a lot more than most other conferences
 836 - this year, we first offered the FrogLabs as a holiday camp for kids
 837 aged 10 to 16. It was a huge success, with approx. 30 kids taking part
 838 and learning with and about free software through a whole weekend. All
 839 of us had a lot of fun, and the results were really exciting.</p>
 840
 841 <p>Apart from that, we are preparing a campaign that is supposed to bring
 842 the message of free alternatives to stuff kids use every day to them and
 843 their parents, e.g. the use of Jabber / Jappix instead of Facebook and
 844 Skype. To make that possible, we are planning to get together a team of
 845 clever kids who understand very well what their peers need and can bring
 846 it across to them. So we will have a peer-driven network of adolescents
 847 who teach each other and collect feedback from the community of minors.
 848 We then take that feedback and our own experience to work closely with
 849 open source projects, such as Skolelinux or Jappix, at improving their
 850 software in a way that makes it more and more attractive for the target
 851 group. At least I hope that we will have good cooperation with
 852 Skolelinux in the future ;)!</p>
 853
 854 <p>So in conclusion, what I believe is that, if it weren't for the world
 855 being so bad, it should be very clear to the political decision makers
 856 that the only way to go nowadays is free software for various reasons,
 857 but I have learnt that the only way that seems to work is bottom up.</p>
 858
 859 <!--
 860
 861 >  * Who should be interviewed with this questions in the future?
 862
 863 That's probably the hardest question of them all, as I do not know the
 864 community. However, I would be willing to do the following:
 865
 866  <li>Run an interview with a German headteacher who is very open to
 867    free software, and also prefers it, but cannot really use it because
 868    of the decision makers above;
 869  <li>Run interviews with some kids, both with and without previous
 870    knowledge about free software
 871
 872 If that is wanted, just let me know ;).
 873
 874 -->
 875
 876       </div>
 877       <div class="tags">
 878
 879
 880         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
 881
 882
 883       </div>
 884     </div>
 885     <div class="padding"></div>
 886
 887     <div class="entry">
 888       <div class="title">
 889         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Klaus_Knopper.html">Debian Edu interview: Klaus Knopper</a>
 890       </div>
 891       <div class="date">
 892          6th December 2013
 893       </div>
 894       <div class="body">
 895         <p>It has been a while since I managed to publish the last interview,
 896 but the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
 897 Skolelinux</a> community is still going strong, and yesterday we even
 898 had a new school administrator show up on
 899 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/#debian-edu">#debian-edu</a> to share
 900 his success story with installing Debian Edu at their school.  This
 901 time I have been able to get some helpful comments from the creator of
 902 Knoppix, Klaus Knopper, who was involved in a Skolelinux project in
 903 Germany a few years ago.</p>
 904
 905 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
 906
 907 <p>I am Klaus Knopper.  I have a master degree in electrical
 908 engineering, and is currently professor in information management at
 909 the university of applied sciences Kaiserslautern / Germany and
 910 freelance Open Source software developer and consultant.</p>
 911
 912 <p>All of this is pretty much of the work I spend my days with. Apart
 913 from teaching, I'm also conducting some more or less experimental
 914 projects like the <a href="http://www.knoppix.org">Knoppix GNU/Linux live
 915 system</a> (Debian-based like Skolelinux),
 916 <a href="http://www.knopper.net/knoppix-adriane/index-en.html">ADRIANE</a>
 917 (a blind-friendly talking desktop system) and
 918 <a href="http://www.knopper.net/linbo/index-en.html">LINBO</a>
 919 (Linux-based network boot console, a fast remote install and repair
 920 system supporting various operating systems).</p>
 921
 922 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
 923 project?</strong></p>
 924
 925 <p>The credit for this have to go to Kurt Gramlich, who is the German
 926 coordinator for Skolelinux.  We were looking for an all-in-one open
 927 source community-supported distribution for schools, and Kurt
 928 introduced us to Skolelinux for this purpose.</p>
 929
 930 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 931 Edu?</strong></p>
 932
 933 <ul>
 934   <li>Quick installation,</li>
 935   <li>works (almost) out of the box,</li>
 936   <li>contains many useful software packages for teaching and learning,</li>
 937   <li>is a purely community-based distro and not controlled by a
 938     single company,</li>
 939   <li>has a large number of supporters and teachers who share their
 940     experience and problem solutions.</li>
 941 </ul>
 942
 943 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 944 Edu?</strong></p>
 945
 946 <ul>
 947   <li>Skolelinux is - as we had to learn - not easily upgradable to
 948   the next version.  Opposed to its genuine Debian base, upgrading to
 949   a new version means a full new installation from scratch to get it
 950   working again reliably.
 951
 952   <li>Skolelinux is based on Debian/stable, and therefore always a
 953   little outdated in terms of program versions compared to Edubuntu or
 954   similar educational Linux distros, which rather use Debian/testing
 955   as their base.
 956
 957   <li>Skolelinux has some very self-opinionated and stubborn default
 958   configuration which in my opinion adds unnecessary complexity and is
 959   not always suitable for a schools needs, the preset network
 960   configuration is actually a core definition feature of Skolelinux
 961   and not easy to change, so schools sometimes have to change their
 962   network configuration to make it "Skolelinux-compatible".
 963
 964   <li>Some proposed extensions, which were made available as
 965   contribution, like secure examination mode and lecture material
 966   distribution and collection, were not accepted into the mainline
 967   Skolelinux development and are now not easy to maintain in the
 968   future because of Skolelinux somewhat undeterministic update
 969   schemes.</li>
 970
 971   <li>Skolelinux has only a very tiny number of base developers
 972   compared to Debian.</li>
 973
 974 </ul>
 975
 976 <p>For these reasons and experience from our project, I would now
 977 rather consider using plain Debian for schools next time, until
 978 Skolelinux is more closely integrated into Debian and becomes
 979 upgradeable without reinstallation.</p>
 980
 981 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
 982
 983 <p>GNU/Linux with LXDE desktop, bash for interactive dialog and
 984 programming, texlive for documentation and correspondence,
 985 occasionally LibreOffice for document format conversion. Various
 986 programming languages for teaching.</p>
 987
 988 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
 989 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
 990
 991 <p>Strong arguments are</p>
 992
 993 <ul>
 994
 995   <li>Knowledge is free, and so should be methods and tools for
 996     teaching and learning.</li>
 997
 998   <li>Students can learn with and use the same software at school, at
 999     home, and at their working place without running into license or
1000     conversion problems.</li>
1001
1002   <li>Closed source or proprietary software hides knowledge rather
1003     than exposing it, and proprietary software vendors try to bind
1004     customers to certain products.  But teachers need to teach
1005     science, not products.</li>
1006
1007   <li>If you have everything you for daily work as open source, what
1008     would you need proprietary software for?</li>
1009
1010 </ul>
1011
1012       </div>
1013       <div class="tags">
1014
1015
1016         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
1017
1018
1019       </div>
1020     </div>
1021     <div class="padding"></div>
1022
1023     <div class="entry">
1024       <div class="title">
1025         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_7_1_install_and_overview_video_from_Marcelo_Salvador.html">Skolelinux / Debian Edu 7.1 install and overview video from Marcelo Salvador</a>
1026       </div>
1027       <div class="date">
1028          8th October 2013
1029       </div>
1030       <div class="body">
1031         <p>The other day I was pleased and surprised to discover that Marcelo
1032 Salvador had published a
1033 <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w-GgpdqgLFc">video on
1034 Youtube</a> showing how to install the standalone Debian Edu /
1035 Skolelinux profile.  This is the profile intended for use at home or
1036 on laptops that should not be integrated into the provided network
1037 services (no central home directory, no Kerberos / LDAP directory etc,
1038 in other word a single user machine).  The result is 11 minutes long,
1039 and show some user applications (seem to be rather randomly picked).
1040 Missed a few of my favorites like celestia, planets and chromium
1041 showing the <a href="http://www.zygotebody.com/">Zygote Body 3D model
1042 of the human body</a>, but I guess he did not know about those or find
1043 other programs more interesting. :) And the video do not show the
1044 advantages I believe is one of the most valuable featuers in Debian
1045 Edu, its central school server making it possible to run hundreds of
1046 computers without hard drives by installing one central
1047 <a href="http://www.ltsp.org/">LTSP server</a>.</p>
1048
1049 <p>Anyway, check out the video, embedded below and linked to above:</p>
1050
1051 <iframe width="420" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/w-GgpdqgLFc" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
1052
1053 <p>Are there other nice videos demonstrating Skolelinux?  Please let
1054 me know. :)</p>
1055
1056       </div>
1057       <div class="tags">
1058
1059
1060         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
1061
1062
1063       </div>
1064     </div>
1065     <div class="padding"></div>
1066
1067     <div class="entry">
1068       <div class="title">
1069         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Finally__Debian_Edu_Wheezy_is_released_today_.html">Finally, Debian Edu Wheezy is released today!</a>
1070       </div>
1071       <div class="date">
1072         29th September 2013
1073       </div>
1074       <div class="body">
1075         <p>A few hours ago, the announcement for the first stable release of
1076 Debian Edu Wheezy went out from the Debian publicity team.  The
1077 complete announcement text can be found at
1078 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2013/20130928">the Debian News
1079 section</a>, translated to several languages.  Please check it out.</p>
1080
1081 <p>There is one minor known problem that we will fix very soon.  One
1082 can not install a amd64 Thin Client Server using PXE, as the /var/
1083 partition is too small.  A workaround is to extend the partition (use
1084 lvresize + resize2fs in tty 2 while installing).</p>
1085
1086       </div>
1087       <div class="tags">
1088
1089
1090         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1091
1092
1093       </div>
1094     </div>
1095     <div class="padding"></div>
1096
1097     <div class="entry">
1098       <div class="title">
1099         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_and_probably_last_beta_release_of_Debian_Edu_Wheezy.html">Third and probably last beta release of Debian Edu Wheezy</a>
1100       </div>
1101       <div class="date">
1102         16th September 2013
1103       </div>
1104       <div class="body">
1105         <p>The third wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
1106 today.  This is the release announcement from Holger Levsen:</p>
1107
1108 <blockquote>
1109 <p>Hi,</p>
1110
1111 <p>it is my pleasure to announce the third beta release (beta 2 for
1112 short) of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
1113 Skolelinux</a> based on Debian Wheezy!</p>
1114
1115 <p>Please test these images extensivly, if no new problems are found
1116 we plan to do this final Debian Edu Wheezy release this coming
1117 weekend.  We are not aware of any major problems or blockers in beta2,
1118 if you find something, please notify us immediately!</p>
1119
1120 <p>(More about the remaining steps for the Edu Wheezy release in
1121 another mail to the edu list tonight or tomorrow...)</p>
1122
1123 <p>Noteworthy changes and software updates for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b2
1124 compared to beta1:</p>
1125
1126 <ul>
1127
1128 <li>The KDE proxy setup has been adjusted to use the provided wpad.dat. This
1129 also gets Chromium to use this proxy.</li>
1130 <li>Install kdepim-groupware with KDE desktops to make sure korganizer
1131 understand ical/dav sources.</li>
1132 <li>Increased default maximum size of /var/spool/squid and /skole/backup on the
1133 main server.</li>
1134 <li>A source DVD image containing all source packages is now available as well.</li>
1135 <li>Updates for chromium (29.0.1547.57-1~deb7u1), imagemagick
1136 (6.7.7.10-5+deb7u2), php5 (5.4.4-14+deb7u4), libmodplug
1137 (0.8.8.4-3+deb7u1+git20130828), tiff (4.0.2-6+deb7u2), linux-image
1138 (3.2.0-4-486_3.2.46-1+deb7u1).</li>
1139
1140 </ul>
1141
1142 <p>Where to get it:</p>
1143
1144 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
1145
1146 <ul>
1147 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso</a></li>
1148 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso</a></li>
1149 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso .</li>
1150 </ul>
1151
1152 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is:  3a1c89f4666df80eebcd46c5bf5fedb866f9472f</p>
1153
1154 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use
1155 <ul>
1156 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso</a></li>
1157 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso</a></li>
1158 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso .</li>
1159 </ul>
1160
1161 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 702d1718548f401c74bfa6df9f032cc3ee16597e</p>
1162
1163 <p>The Source DVD image has the filename
1164 debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-source-DVD.iso and the SHA1SUM
1165 089eed8b3f962db47aae1f6a9685e9bb2fa30ca5 and is available the same way
1166 as the other isos.</p>
1167
1168 <p>How to report bugs</p>
1169
1170 <p>For information how to report bugs please see
1171 <br><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
1172
1173
1174 <p>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</p>
1175
1176 <p>Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux, is a Linux distribution based
1177 on Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
1178 configured school network. Immediately after installation a school
1179 server running all services needed for a school network is set up just
1180 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
1181 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
1182 initial installation of the main server from CD or USB stick all other
1183 machines can be installed via the network. The provided school server
1184 provides LDAP database and Kerberos authentication service,
1185 centralized home directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other
1186 services.  The desktop contains more than 60 educational software
1187 packages and more are available from the Debian archive, and schools
1188 can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
1189
1190 <p>This is the seventh test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
1191 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
1192 Squeeze release.</p>
1193
1194 <p>Notes for upgrades from Alpha Prereleases</p>
1195
1196 <p>Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
1197 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
1198 release. Both alpha and beta0 based installations should reinstall or
1199 deal with gosa.conf manually; there are two options: (1) Keep
1200 gosa.conf and edit this file as outlined on the mailing list. (2)
1201 Accept the new version of gosa.conf and replace both contained admin
1202 password placeholders with the password hashes found in the old one
1203 (backup copy!). In both cases all users need to change their password
1204 to make sure a password is set for CIFS access to their home
1205 directory.</p>
1206
1207
1208 <p>cheers,
1209 <br>        Holger</p>
1210 </blockquote>
1211
1212       </div>
1213       <div class="tags">
1214
1215
1216         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1217
1218
1219       </div>
1220     </div>
1221     <div class="padding"></div>
1222
1223     <div class="entry">
1224       <div class="title">
1225         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_beta_release__beta_1__of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Second beta release (beta 1) of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
1226       </div>
1227       <div class="date">
1228         22nd August 2013
1229       </div>
1230       <div class="body">
1231         <p>The second wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
1232 today, slightly delayed because of some bugs in the initial Windows
1233 integration fixes .  This is the release announcement:</p>
1234
1235 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b1 released 2013-08-22</strong></p>
1236
1237 <p>These are the release notes for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
1238 7.1+edu0~b1, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
1239
1240 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
1241
1242 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
1243 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
1244 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
1245 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
1246 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
1247 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
1248 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
1249 the main server from CD or USB stick all other machines can be
1250 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
1251 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
1252 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
1253 desktop contains
1254 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
1255 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
1256 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
1257 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
1258
1259 <p>This is the sixth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically this
1260 is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the Squeeze
1261 release.</p>
1262
1263 <p>ALERT: Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
1264 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
1265 release. Both alpha and beta0 based installations should reinstall or
1266 deal with gosa.conf manually; there are two options: (1) Keep
1267 gosa.conf and edit this file as outlined
1268 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/2013/08/msg00127.html">on
1269 the mailing list</a>. (2) Accept the new version of gosa.conf and
1270 replace both contained admin password placeholders with the password
1271 hashes found in the old one (backup copy!). In both cases every user
1272 need to change their their password to make sure a password is set for
1273 CIFS access to their home directory.</p>
1274
1275 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
1276
1277 <ul>
1278
1279 <li>Added ssh askpass packages to default installation, to ensure ssh
1280     work also without a attached tty.</li>
1281 <li>Add the command-not-found package to the default installation to
1282     make it easier to figure out where to find missing command line
1283     tools. Please note, that the command 'update-command-not-found'
1284     has to be run as root to actually make it useful (internet access
1285     required).</li>
1286
1287 </ul>
1288
1289 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
1290
1291 <ul>
1292
1293 <li>Adjusted the USB stick ISO image build to include every tool
1294 needed for desktop=xfce installations.</li>
1295 <li>Adjust thin-client-server task to work when installing from USB
1296 stick ISO image.</li>
1297 <li>Made new grub artwork (changed png from indexed to RGB format).</li>
1298 <li>Minor cleanup in the CUPS setup.</li>
1299 <li>Make sure that bootstrapping of the Samba domain really happens
1300     during installation of the main server and adjust SID handling to
1301     cope with this.</li>
1302 <li>Make Samba passwords changeable (again) via GOsa².</li>
1303 <li>Fix generation of LM and NT password hashes via GOsa² to avoid
1304     empty password hashes.</li>
1305 <li>Adapted Samba machine domain joining to latest change in the
1306     smbldap-tools Perl package, fixing bugs blocking Windows machines
1307     from joining the Samba domain.</li>
1308
1309 </ul>
1310
1311 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
1312
1313 <ul>
1314
1315 <li>KDE fails to understand the wpad.dat file provided, causing it to
1316     not use the http proxy as it should.</li>
1317 <li>Chromium also fails to use the proxy when using the KDE desktop
1318     (using the KDE configuration).</li>
1319
1320 </ul>
1321
1322 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
1323
1324 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
1325
1326 <ul>
1327
1328 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso</a></li>
1329
1330 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso</a></li>
1331
1332 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso .</li>
1333
1334 </ul>
1335
1336 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 1e357f80b55e703523f2254adde6d78b
1337 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 7157f9be5fd27c7694d713c6ecfed61c3edda3b2</p>
1338
1339 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
1340
1341 <ul>
1342
1343 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso</a></li>
1344 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso</a></li>
1345 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso .</li>
1346
1347 </ul>
1348
1349 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 7a8408ead59cf7e3cef25afb6e91590b
1350 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: f1817c031f02790d5edb3bfa0dcf8451088ad119</p>
1351
1352
1353 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
1354
1355 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
1356
1357       </div>
1358       <div class="tags">
1359
1360
1361         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1362
1363
1364       </div>
1365     </div>
1366     <div class="padding"></div>
1367
1368     <div class="entry">
1369       <div class="title">
1370         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_beta_release_of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">First beta release of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
1371       </div>
1372       <div class="date">
1373         27th July 2013
1374       </div>
1375       <div class="body">
1376         <p>The first wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
1377 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
1378
1379 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b0 released
1380 2013-07-27</strong></p>
1381
1382 <p>These are the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
1383 7.1+edu0~b0, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
1384
1385 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
1386
1387 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
1388 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
1389 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
1390 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
1391 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
1392 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
1393 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
1394 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
1395 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
1396 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
1397 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
1398 desktop contains
1399 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
1400 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
1401 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
1402 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
1403
1404 <p>This is the fifth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
1405 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
1406 Squeeze release.</p>
1407
1408 <p>ALERT: Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
1409 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
1410 release.</p>
1411
1412 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
1413
1414 <ul>
1415
1416 <li>Switched roaming workstation profiles from wicd to network-manager
1417    for network configuration, as wicd didn't work any more.</li>
1418 <li>Changed version numbers of patched gosa and libpam-mklocaluser
1419    packages to make sure our locally patched versions will be replaced
1420    by the official packages when they are released from Debian. Those
1421    installing alpha version need to reinstall or manually downgrade gosa
1422    and libpam-mklocaluser.</li>
1423 <li>Added bluetooth tools to the default desktop (bluedevil, blueman).</li>
1424 <li>Added tools for sharing the desktop on KDE (krdc, krfb).</li>
1425 <li>Added valgrind to the default installation for easier debugging of
1426    crash bugs.</li>
1427
1428 </ul>
1429
1430 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
1431
1432 <ul>
1433
1434 <li>Fixed artwork package to work with gnome, no longer break
1435    desktop=gnome installations.</li>
1436 <li>Adjusted installer to now work when forced to use a proxy with the
1437    netinst CD.</li>
1438 <li>Fixed code detecting and setting/loading hardware specific
1439    setup/firmware to work more robust out of the box.</li>
1440 <li>Adjusted Kerberos setup to detect realm and server settings at
1441    install time instead of dynamically at run time. This avoid a crash
1442    with krb5-auth-dialog on diskless workstations without a DNS name.</li>
1443 <li>Worked around misfeature in network-manager not calling the dhclient
1444    exit hooks, causing automatic proxy configuration and automatic host
1445    name setting at run time to work again.</li>
1446 <li>Fixed feature setting the default Iceweasel start page from URL
1447    fetched from LDAP, to allow schools to set the global default by
1448    updating the dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no LDAP object.</li>
1449 <li>Changed default host name on all networked machines to be unique
1450    (generated from MAC or reverse DNS) after boot.</li>
1451 <li>Adjusted partition sizes to make sure they are big enough.</li>
1452
1453 </ul>
1454
1455 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
1456
1457 <ul>
1458
1459 <li>Grub is missing the new artwork.</li>
1460 <li>KDE fail to understand the wpad.dat file provided, causing it to
1461     not use the http proxy as it should.</li>
1462 <li>Chromium also fail to use the proxy.</li>
1463
1464 </ul>
1465
1466 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
1467
1468 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
1469
1470 <ul>
1471
1472 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso</a></li>
1473
1474 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso</a></li>
1475
1476 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso .</li>
1477
1478 </ul>
1479
1480 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 55d5de9765b6dccd5d9ec33cf1a07109
1481 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 996a1d9517740e4d627d100de2d12b23dd545a3f</p>
1482
1483 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
1484
1485 <ul>
1486
1487 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso</a></li>
1488 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso</a></li>
1489 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso .</li>
1490
1491 </ul>
1492
1493 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: d8f0818c51a78d357de794066f289f69
1494 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 49185ca354e8d0543240423746924f76a6cee733</p>
1495
1496
1497 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
1498
1499 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
1500
1501       </div>
1502       <div class="tags">
1503
1504
1505         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1506
1507
1508       </div>
1509     </div>
1510     <div class="padding"></div>
1511
1512     <div class="entry">
1513       <div class="title">
1514         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/July_13th__Debian_Ubuntu_BSP_and_Skolelinux_Debian_Edu_developer_gathering_in_Oslo.html">July 13th: Debian/Ubuntu BSP and Skolelinux/Debian Edu developer gathering in Oslo</a>
1515       </div>
1516       <div class="date">
1517          9th July 2013
1518       </div>
1519       <div class="body">
1520         <p>The upcoming Saturday, 2013-07-13, we are organising a combined
1521 Debian Edu developer gathering and Debian and Ubuntu bug squashing
1522 party in Oslo.  It is organised by <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">the
1523 member assosiation NUUG</a> and
1524 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">the Debian Edu / Skolelinux
1525 project</a> together with <a href="http://bitraf.no/">the hack space
1526 Bitraf</a>.</p>
1527
1528 <p>It starts 10:00 and continue until late evening.  Everyone is
1529 welcome, and there is no fee to participate.  There is on the other
1530 hand limited space, and only room for 30 people.  Please put your name
1531 on <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/BSP/2013/07/13/no/Oslo">the event
1532 wiki page</a> if you plan to join us.</p>
1533
1534       </div>
1535       <div class="tags">
1536
1537
1538         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
1539
1540
1541       </div>
1542     </div>
1543     <div class="padding"></div>
1544
1545     <div class="entry">
1546       <div class="title">
1547         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fourth_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Fourth alpha release of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
1548       </div>
1549       <div class="date">
1550          3rd July 2013
1551       </div>
1552       <div class="body">
1553         <p>The fourth wheezy based alpha release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
1554 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
1555
1556 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~alpha3 released
1557 2013-07-03</strong></p>
1558
1559 <p>These are the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
1560 7.1+edu0~alpha3, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
1561
1562 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
1563
1564 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
1565 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
1566 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
1567 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
1568 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
1569 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
1570 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
1571 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
1572 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
1573 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
1574 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
1575 desktop contains
1576 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
1577 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
1578 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
1579 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
1580
1581 <p>This is the fourth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
1582 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
1583 Squeeze release.</p>
1584
1585 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
1586 <ul>
1587   <li>Dropped ispell dictionaries from our default installation.</li>
1588   <li>Dropped menu-xdg from the KDE desktop option, to drop the Debian
1589     submenu.  It was not included with Gnome, LXDE or Xfce, so this
1590     brings KDE in line with the others.</li>
1591   <li>Dropped xdrawchem, xjig and xsok from our default installation as
1592     they don't have a desktop menu entry and thus won't show up in the
1593     menu now that menu-xdg was removed.</li>
1594   <li>Removed the killer system to kill left behind processes on
1595     multi-user machines, as it was no longer able to understand when a
1596     X display was in use and killed the processes of the active users
1597     too.</li>
1598   <li>Dropped the golearn (from goplay) package as the debtags in wheezy
1599     are too few to make the package useful.</li>
1600 </ul>
1601 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
1602 <ul>
1603   <li>Updated artwork matching http://wiki.debian.org/DebianArt/Themes/Joy
1604   <li>Multi-arch i386/amd64 USB stick ISO available.</li>
1605   <li>Got rid of ispell/wordlist related debconf questions that showed
1606     up for some language options.</li>
1607   <li>Switched to using http.debian.net as APT source by default.</li>
1608   <li>Fixed proxy configuration on Main Server installations.</li>
1609   <li>Changed LTSP setup to ask dpkg to use force-unsafe-io the same way
1610     d-i is doing it.</li>
1611   <li>Made sure root and user passwords were not left behind in the
1612     debconf database after installation on Main Server installations.</li>
1613   <li>Made Roaming Workstation dynamic setup more robust and added draft
1614     script setup-ad-client to hook a Roaming Workstation up to a
1615     Active Directory server instead of a Debian Edu Main Server.</li>
1616   <li>Update system to install needed firmware packages during
1617     installation, to work properly in Wheezy.</li>
1618   <li>Update system to handle hardware quirks (debian-edu-hwsetup).</li>
1619   <li>Corrected PXE installation setup to properly pass selected desktop
1620     and keymap settings to PXE installation clients.</li>
1621   <li>LTSP diskless workstations use sshfs by default, allowing them to
1622     work without adding them to DNS and NIS netgroups for NFS access.</li>
1623 </ul>
1624 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
1625 <ul>
1626   <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
1627     available yet (698840).</li>
1628   <li>Artwork not enabled for all desktops.</li>
1629 </ul>
1630 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
1631
1632 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
1633 <ul>
1634   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso</a></li>
1635   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso</a></li>
1636   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso .</li>
1637 </ul>
1638
1639 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 2b161a99d2a848c376d8d04e3854e30c
1640 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 498922e9c508c0a7ee9dbe1dfe5bf830d779c3c8</p>
1641
1642 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
1643 <ul>
1644   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso</a></li>
1645   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso</a></li>
1646   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso .</li>
1647 </ul>
1648
1649 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 25e808e403a4c15dbef1d13c37d572ac
1650 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 15ecfc93eb6b4f453b7eb0bc04b6a279262d9721</p>
1651
1652 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
1653
1654 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
1655
1656       </div>
1657       <div class="tags">
1658
1659
1660         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1661
1662
1663       </div>
1664     </div>
1665     <div class="padding"></div>
1666
1667     <div class="entry">
1668       <div class="title">
1669         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_value_of_a_good_distro_wide_test_suite___.html">The value of a good distro wide test suite...</a>
1670       </div>
1671       <div class="date">
1672         22nd June 2013
1673       </div>
1674       <div class="body">
1675         <p>In the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
1676 Skolelinux</a> project, we include a post-installation test suite,
1677 which check that services are running, working, and return the
1678 expected results.  It runs automatically just after the first boot on
1679 test installations (using test ISOs), but not on production
1680 installations (using non-test ISOs).  It test that the LDAP service is
1681 operating, Kerberos is responding, DNS is replying, file systems are
1682 online resizable, etc, etc.  And it check that the PXE service is
1683 configured, which is the topic of this post.</p>
1684
1685 <p>The last week I've fixed the DVD and USB stick ISOs for our Debian
1686 Edu Wheezy release.  These ISOs are supposed to be able to install a
1687 complete system without any Internet connection, but for that to
1688 happen all the needed packages need to be on them.  Thanks to our test
1689 suite, I discovered that we had forgotten to adjust our PXE setup to
1690 cope with the new names and paths used by the netboot d-i packages.
1691 When Internet connectivity was available, the installer fall back to
1692 using wget to fetch d-i boot images, but when offline it require
1693 working packages to get it working.  And the packages changed name
1694 from debian-installer-6.0-netboot-$arch to
1695 debian-installer-7.0-netboot-$arch, we no longer pulled in the
1696 packages during installation.  Without our test suite, I suspect we
1697 would never have discovered this before release.  Now it is fixed
1698 right after we got the ISOs operational.</p>
1699
1700 <p>Another by-product of the test suite is that we can ask system
1701 administrators with problems getting Debian Edu to work, to run the
1702 test suite using <tt>/usr/sbin/debian-edu-test-install</tt> and see if
1703 any errors are detected.  This usually pinpoint the subsystem causing
1704 the problem.</p>
1705
1706 <p>If you want to help us help kids learn how to share and create,
1707 please join us on
1708 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu on
1709 irc.debian.org</a> and the
1710 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@</a> mailing
1711 list.</p>
1712
1713       </div>
1714       <div class="tags">
1715
1716
1717         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1718
1719
1720       </div>
1721     </div>
1722     <div class="padding"></div>
1723
1724     <div class="entry">
1725       <div class="title">
1726         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Victor_Ni_u.html">Debian Edu interview: Victor Nițu</a>
1727       </div>
1728       <div class="date">
1729         17th June 2013
1730       </div>
1731       <div class="body">
1732         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
1733 Skolelinux</a> distribution have users and contributors all around the
1734 globe.  And a while back, an enterprising young man showed up on
1735 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">our IRC channel
1736 #debian-edu</a> and started asking questions about how Debian Edu
1737 worked.  We answered as good as we could, and even convinced him to
1738 help us with translations.  And today I managed to get an interview
1739 with him, to learn more about him.</p>
1740
1741 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
1742
1743 <p>I'm a 25 year old free software enthusiast, living in Romania,
1744 which is also my country of origin. Back in 2009, at a New Year's Eve
1745 party, I had a very nice <strike>beer</strike> discussion with a
1746 friend, when we realized we have no organised Debian community in our
1747 country. A few days later, we put together the infrastructure for such
1748 community and even gathered a nice Debian-ish crowd. Since then, I
1749 began my quest as a free software hacker and activist and I am
1750 constantly trying to cover as much ground as possible on that
1751 field.</p>
1752
1753 <p>A few years ago I founded a small web development company, which
1754 provided me the flexible schedule I needed so much for my
1755 activities. For the last 13 months, I have been the Technical Director
1756 of <a href="http://ceata.org/">Fundația Ceata</a>, which is a free
1757 software activist organisation endorsed by the FSF and the FSFE, and
1758 the only one we have in our country.</p>
1759
1760 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
1761 project?</strong></p>
1762
1763 <p>The idea of participating in the Debian Edu project was a surprise
1764 even to me, since I never used it before I began getting involved in
1765 it. This year I had a great opportunity to deliver a talk on
1766 educational software, and I knew immediately where to look. It was a
1767 love at first sight, since I was previously involved with some of the
1768 technologies the project incorporates, and I rapidly found a lot of
1769 ways to contribute.</p>
1770
1771 <p>My first contributions consisted in translating the installer and
1772 configuration dialogs, then I found some bugs to squash (I still
1773 haven't fixed them yet though), and I even got my eyes on some other
1774 areas where I can prove myself helpful. Since the appetite for free
1775 software in my country is pretty low, I'll be happy to be the first
1776 one around here advocating for the project's adoption in educational
1777 environments, and maybe even get my hands dirty in creating a flavour
1778 for our own needs. I am not used to make very advanced plannings, so
1779 from now on, time will tell what I'll be doing next, but I think I
1780 have a pretty consistent starting point.</p>
1781
1782 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
1783 Edu?</strong></p>
1784
1785 <p>Not a long time ago, I was in the position of configuring and
1786 maintaining a LDAP server on some Debian derivative, and I must say it
1787 took me a while. A long time ago, I was maintaining a bigger
1788 Samba-powered infrastructure, and I must say I spent quite a lot of
1789 time on it. I have similar stories about many of the services included
1790 with Skolelinux, and the main advantage I see about it is the
1791 out-of-the box availability of them, making it quite competitive when
1792 it comes to managing a school's network, for example.</p>
1793
1794 <p>Of course, there is more to say about Skolelinux than the
1795 availability of the software included, its flexibility in various
1796 scenarios is something I can't wait to experiment "into the wild" (I
1797 only played with virtual machines so far). And I am sure there is a
1798 lot more I haven't discovered yet about it, being so new within the
1799 project.</p>
1800
1801 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1802 Edu?</strong></p>
1803
1804 <p>As usual, when it comes to Debian Blends, I see as the biggest
1805 disadvantage the lack of a numerous team dedicated to the
1806 project. Every day I see the same names in the changelogs, and I have
1807 a constantly fear of the bus factor in this story.  I'd like to see
1808 Debian Edu advertised more as an entry point into the Debian
1809 ecosystem, especially amongst newcomers and students. IMHO there are a
1810 lot low-hanging fruits in terms of bug squashing, and enough
1811 opportunities to get the feeling of the Debian Project's dynamics. Not
1812 to mention it's a very fun blend to work on!</p>
1813
1814 <p>Derived from the previous statement, is the delay in catching up
1815 with the main Debian release and documentation. This is common though
1816 to all blends and derivatives, but it's an issue we can all work
1817 on.</p>
1818
1819 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
1820
1821 <p>I can hardly imagine myself spending a day without Vim, since my
1822 daily routine covers writing code and hacking configuration files. I
1823 am a fan of the Awesome window manager (but I also like the
1824 Enlightenment project a lot!),
1825 <a href="http://www.claws-mail.org/‎">Claws Mail</a> due to its ease of
1826 use and very configurable behaviour. Recently I fell in love with
1827 <a href="https://launchpad.net/redshift">Redshift</a>, which helps me
1828 get through the night without headaches. Of course, there is much more
1829 stuff in this bag, but I'll need a blog on my own for doing this!</p>
1830
1831 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
1832 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
1833
1834 <p>Well, on this field, I cannot do much more than experiment right
1835 now. So, being far from having a recipe for success, I can only assume
1836 that:</p>
1837
1838 <ul>
1839
1840 <li>schools would like to get rid of proprietary software</li>
1841
1842 <li>students will love the openness of the system, and will want to
1843     experiment with it - maybe we need to harvest the native curiosity
1844     of teenagers more?</li>
1845
1846 <li>there is no "right one" when it comes to strategies, but it would
1847     be useful to have some success stories published somewhere, so
1848     other can get some inspiration from them (I know I'd promote
1849     them!)</li>
1850
1851 <li>more active promotion - talks, conferences, even small school
1852     lectures can do magical things if they encounter at least one
1853     person interested. Who knows who that person might be? ;-)</li>
1854
1855 </ul>
1856
1857 <p>I also see some problems in getting Skolelinux into schools; for
1858 example, in our country we have a great deal of corruption issues, so
1859 it might be hard(er) to fight against proprietary solutions. Also,
1860 people who relied on commercial software for all their lives, would be
1861 very hard to convert against their will.</p>
1862
1863       </div>
1864       <div class="tags">
1865
1866
1867         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
1868
1869
1870       </div>
1871     </div>
1872     <div class="padding"></div>
1873
1874     <div class="entry">
1875       <div class="title">
1876         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Jonathan_Carter.html">Debian Edu interview: Jonathan Carter</a>
1877       </div>
1878       <div class="date">
1879         12th June 2013
1880       </div>
1881       <div class="body">
1882         <p>There is a certain cross-over between the
1883 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
1884 project</a> and <a href="http://www.edubuntu.org/">the Edubuntu
1885 project</a>, and for example the LTSP packages in Debian are a joint
1886 effort between the projects.  One person with a foot in both camps is
1887 Jonathan Carter, which I am now happy to present to you.</p>
1888
1889 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
1890
1891 <p>I'm a South-African free software geek who lives in Cape Town. My
1892 days vary quite a bit since I'm involved in too many things. As I'm
1893 getting older I'm learning how to focus a bit more :)</p>
1894
1895 <p>I'm also an Edubuntu contributor and I love when there are
1896 opportunities for the Edubuntu and Debian Edu projects to benefit from
1897 each other.</p>
1898
1899 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
1900 project?</strong></p>
1901
1902 <p>I've been somewhat familiar with the project before, but I think my
1903 first direct exposure to the project was when I met Petter
1904 [Reinholdtsen] and Knut [Yrvin] at the Edubuntu summit in 2005 in
1905 London. They provided great feedback that helped the bootstrapping of
1906 Edubuntu. Back then Edubuntu (and even Ubuntu) was still very new and
1907 it was great getting input from people who have been around longer. I
1908 was also still very excitable and said yes to everything and to this
1909 day I have a big todo list backlog that I'm catching up with. I think
1910 over the years the relationship between Edubuntu and Debian-Edu has
1911 been gradually improving, although I think there's a lot that we could
1912 still improve on in terms of working together on packages. I'm sure
1913 we'll get there one day.</p>
1914
1915 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1916 Edu?</strong></p>
1917
1918 <p>Debian itself already has so many advantages. I could go on about
1919 it for pages, but in essence I love that it's a very honest project
1920 that puts its users first with no hidden agendas and also produces
1921 very high quality work.</p>
1922
1923 <p>I think the advantage of Debian Edu is that it makes many common
1924 set-up tasks simpler so that administrators can get up and running
1925 with a lot less effort and frustration. At the same time I think it
1926 helps to standardise installations in schools so that it's easier for
1927 community members and commercial suppliers to support.</p>
1928
1929 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1930 Edu?</strong></p>
1931
1932 <p>I had to re-type this one a few times because I'm trying to
1933 separate "disadvantages" from "areas that need improvement" (which is
1934 what I originally rambled on about)</p>
1935
1936 <p>The biggest disadvantage I can think of is lack of manpower. The
1937 project could do so much more if there were more good contributors. I
1938 think some of the problems are external too. Free software and free
1939 content in education is a no-brainer but it takes some time to catch
1940 on. When you've been working with the same proprietary eco-system for
1941 years and have gotten used to it, it can be hard to adjust to some
1942 concepts in the free software world. It would be nice if there were
1943 more Debian Edu consultants across the world. I'd love to be one
1944 myself but I'm already so over-committed that it's just not possible
1945 currently.</p>
1946
1947 <p>I think the best short-term solution to that large-scale problem is
1948 for schools to be pro-active and share their experiences and grow
1949 their skills in-house. I'm often saddened to see how much money
1950 educational institutions spend on 3rd party solutions that they don't
1951 have access to after the service has ended and they could've gotten so
1952 much more value otherwise by being more self-sustainable and
1953 autonomous.</p>
1954
1955 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
1956
1957 <p>My main laptop dual-boots between Debian and Windows 7. I was
1958 Windows free for years but started dual-booting again last year for
1959 some games which help me focus and relax (Starcraft II in
1960 particular). Gaming support on Linux is improving in leaps and bounds
1961 so I suppose I'll soon be able to regain that disk space :)</p>
1962
1963 <p>Besides that I rely on Icedove, Chromium, Terminator, Byobu, irssi,
1964 git, Tomboy, KVM, VLC and LibreOffice. Recently I've been torn on
1965 which desktop environment I like and I'm taking some refuge in Xfce
1966 while I figure that out. I like tools that keep things simple. I enjoy
1967 Python and shell scripting. I went to an Arduino workshop recently and
1968 it was awesome seeing how easy and simple the IDE software was to get
1969 up and running in Debian compared to the users running Windows and OS
1970 X.</p>
1971
1972 <p>I also use mc which some people frown upon slightly. I got used to
1973 using Norton Commander in the early 90's and it stuck (I think the
1974 people who sneer at it is just jealous that they don't know how to use
1975 it :p)
1976
1977 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
1978 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
1979
1980 <p>I think trying to force it is unproductive. I also think that in
1981 many cases it's appropriate for schools to use non-free systems and I
1982 don't think that there's any particular moral or ethical problem with
1983 that.</p>
1984
1985 <p>I do think though that free software can already solve so so many
1986 problems in educational institutions and it's just a shame not taking
1987 advantage of that.</p>
1988
1989 <p>I also think that some curricula need serious review. For example,
1990 some areas of the world rely heavily on very specific versions of MS
1991 Office, teaching students to parrot menu items instead of learning the
1992 general concepts. I think that's very unproductive because firstly, MS
1993 Office's interface changes drastically every few years and on top of
1994 that it also locks in a generation to a product that might not be the
1995 best solution for them.</p>
1996
1997 <p>To answer your question, I believe that the right strategy is to
1998 educate and inform, giving someone the information they require to
1999 make a decision that would work for them.</p>
2000
2001       </div>
2002       <div class="tags">
2003
2004
2005         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
2006
2007
2008       </div>
2009     </div>
2010     <div class="padding"></div>
2011
2012     <div class="entry">
2013       <div class="title">
2014         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Third alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
2015       </div>
2016       <div class="date">
2017         10th June 2013
2018       </div>
2019       <div class="body">
2020         <p>The third wheezy based alpha release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
2021 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
2022
2023 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.0.0 alpha2 released
2024 2013-06-10</strong></p>
2025
2026 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux 7.0.0 edu
2027 alpha2, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
2028
2029 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
2030
2031 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
2032 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
2033 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
2034 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
2035 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
2036 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
2037 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
2038 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
2039 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
2040 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
2041 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
2042 desktop contains
2043 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
2044 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
2045 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
2046 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
2047
2048 <p>This is the third test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
2049 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
2050 Squeeze release.</p>
2051
2052 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
2053
2054 <ul>
2055
2056 <li>Iceweasel was updated from 10 to 17. (DSA 2699-1)
2057 <li>Updated libxv (DSA-2674), libxvmc (DSA-2675), libxfixes (DSA-2676), libxrender (DSA-2677), mesa (DSA-2678), xserver-xorg-video-openchrome (DSA-2679), libxt (DSA-2680), libxcursor (DSA-2681), libxext (DSA-2682), libxi (DSA-2683), libxrandr (DSA-2684), libxp (DSA-2685), libxcb (DSA-2686), libfs (DSA-2687), libxres (DSA-2688), libxtst (DSA-2689), libxxf86dga (DSA-2690), libxinerama (DSA-2691), libxxf86vm (DSA-2692), libx11 (DSA-2693), chromium-browser (DSA-2695), gnutls26 (DSA-2697), wireshark (DSA-2700), krb5 (DSA-2701), telepathy-gabble (DSA-2702) and subversion (DSA-2703).
2058 <li>Switched xrdp on thin client servers to use tightvncserver instead of xvnc4.
2059 <li>Now install software oscilloscope xoscope by default.
2060 <li>Now install music tools gtick, lingot and pianobooster by default.
2061
2062 </ul>
2063
2064 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
2065
2066 <ul>
2067
2068 <li>The subnet-change script is now able to change all files needing a change on the main-server when changing the IP network used.
2069 <li>Updated translation of the installation.
2070 <li>New Romanian translation.
2071 <li>Fix security problem causing root and first user password to no longer show up in /var/cache/debconf/templates.dat.
2072 <li>Fix roaming workstation setup (Closed in libpam-mklocaluser/0.8, libpam-mklocaluser/0.8~deb7u1: #706753: libpam-mklocaluser: Fail to create local user during first login).
2073 <li>Made roaming workstation setup more robust in non-Debian Edu environments.
2074 <li>New script debian-edu-bless to transform a Debian installation to a Debian Edu profile.
2075 <li>Adjust Iceweasel setup to improve performance when $HOME is on NFS.
2076 <li>More testsuite tests.
2077 <li>Make automatic proxy configuration more robust.
2078 <li>Adjust GOsa² GUI configuration.
2079
2080 <li>Update thin client and diskless workstation setup to work with
2081 LTSP in Wheezy.</li>
2082
2083 <li>Diskless workstations now run out of the box -- no need to set
2084 them up with GOsa².</li>
2085
2086 <li>Update IMAP server setup. </li>
2087
2088 <li>Fix login into Skolelinux Backup Tool (Closed in
2089 slbackup-php/0.4.4-1: #700257: slbackup-php: Fails to submit correctly
2090 entered password). </li>
2091
2092 </ul>
2093
2094 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
2095
2096 <ul>
2097
2098 <li>DVD binary and source images are not yet ready.</li>
2099
2100 <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
2101 available yet (Open in gosa/2.7.4-4: #698840: gosa-plugin-ldapmanager:
2102 missing import feature).</li>
2103
2104 <li>Missing artwork for the KDE desktop (and probably a few others). </li>
2105
2106 <li>KDE Debian submenu lacks icons (Closed: #502192: menu-xdg: invents
2107 own icon names instead of using existing). This will remain
2108 unfixed.</li>
2109
2110 </ul>
2111
2112 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
2113
2114 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
2115
2116 <ul>
2117
2118 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso</a></li>
2119
2120 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso</a></li>
2121
2122 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso .</li>
2123
2124 </ul>
2125
2126 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 27bbcace407743382f3c42c08dbe8178
2127 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: e35f7d7908566cd3075375b3721fa10ee420d419</p>
2128
2129 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
2130
2131 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
2132
2133       </div>
2134       <div class="tags">
2135
2136
2137         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2138
2139
2140       </div>
2141     </div>
2142     <div class="padding"></div>
2143
2144     <div class="entry">
2145       <div class="title">
2146         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Is_there_a_PHP_expert_in_the_building___Debian_Edu_need_help_.html">Is there a PHP expert in the building?  Debian Edu need help!</a>
2147       </div>
2148       <div class="date">
2149          5th June 2013
2150       </div>
2151       <div class="body">
2152         <p>Here is a call for help from the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project.
2153 We have two problems blocking the release of the Wheezy version we
2154 hope to get released soon.  The two problems require some with PHP
2155 skills, and we seem to lack anyone with both time and PHP skills in
2156 the project:
2157
2158 <ol>
2159
2160 <li>It is impossible to log into the slbackup web interface
2161   (slbackup-php) using the root user and password.  This is
2162   <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/700257">BTS report #700257</a>.
2163   This used to work, but stopped working some time since Squeeze.
2164   Perhaps some obsolete PHP feature was used?</li>
2165
2166 <li>It is not possible to "mass import" user lists in Gosa, neither
2167   using ldif nor using CSV files.  The feature was disabled after a
2168   major rewrite of Gosa, and need to be ported to the new system.
2169   This is <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/698840">BTS report
2170   #698840</a>.</li>
2171
2172 </ol>
2173
2174 <p>If you can help us, please join us on IRC
2175 (<a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu on
2176 irc.debian.org</a>) and provide patches via the BTS.</p>
2177
2178       </div>
2179       <div class="tags">
2180
2181
2182         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2183
2184
2185       </div>
2186     </div>
2187     <div class="padding"></div>
2188
2189     <div class="entry">
2190       <div class="title">
2191         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__C_dric_Boutillier.html">Debian Edu interview: Cédric Boutillier</a>
2192       </div>
2193       <div class="date">
2194          4th June 2013
2195       </div>
2196       <div class="body">
2197         <p>It has been a while since my last English
2198 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
2199 interview last November.  But the developers and translators are still
2200 pulling along to get the Wheezy based release out the door, and this
2201 time I managed to get an interview from one of the French translators
2202 in the project, Cédric Boutillier.</p>
2203
2204 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
2205
2206 <p>I am 34 year old. I live near Paris, France. I am an assistant
2207 professor in probability theory. I spend my daytime teaching
2208 mathematics at the university and doing fundamental research in
2209 probability in connexion with combinatorics and statistical physics.</p>
2210
2211 <p>I have been involved in the Debian project for a couple of years
2212 and became Debian Developer a few months ago. I am working on Ruby
2213 packaging, publicity and translation.</p>
2214
2215 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
2216 project?</strong></p>
2217
2218 <p>I came to the Debian Edu project after a call for translation of
2219 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Manuals">the
2220 Debian Edu manual</a> for the release of Debian Edu Squeeze. Since
2221 then, I have been working on updating the French translation of the
2222 manual.
2223
2224 <p>I had the opportunity to make an installation of Debian Edu in a
2225 virtual machine when I was preparing localised version of some screen
2226 shots for the manual. I was amazed to see it worked out of the box and
2227 how comprehensive the list of software installed by default was.</p>
2228
2229 <p>What amazed me was the complete network infrastructure directly
2230 ready to use, which can and the nice administration interface provided
2231 by <a href="https://oss.gonicus.de/labs/gosa/">GOsa²</a>.  What pleased
2232 me also was the fact that among the software installed by default,
2233 there were many "traditional" educative software to learn languages,
2234 to count, to program... but also software to develop creativity and
2235 artistic skills with music (<a href="http://ardour.org/">Ardour</a>,
2236 <a href="http://audacity.sourceforge.net/">Audacity</a>) and
2237 movies/animation (I was especially thinking of
2238 <a href="http://linuxstopmotion.sourceforge.net/">Stopmotion</a>).</p>
2239
2240 <p>I am following the development of Debian Edu and am hanging out on
2241 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu</a>.
2242 Unfortunately, I don't much time to get more involved in this
2243 beautiful project.</p>
2244
2245 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2246 Edu?</strong></p>
2247
2248 <p>For me, the main advantages of Skolelinux/Debian Edu are its
2249 community of experts and its precise documentation, as well as the
2250 fact that it provides a solution ready to use.</p>
2251
2252 <p>I would add also the fact that it is based on the rock solid Debian
2253 distribution, which ensures stability and provides a huge collection
2254 of educational free software.</p>
2255
2256 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2257 Edu?</strong></p>
2258
2259 <p>Maybe the lack of manpower to do lobbying on the
2260 project. Sometimes, people who need to take decisions concerning IT do
2261 not have all the elements to evaluate properly free software
2262 solutions. The fact that support by a company may be difficult to find
2263 is probably a problem if the school does not have IT personnel.</p>
2264
2265 <p>One can find support from a company by looking at
2266 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Help/ProfessionalHelp">the
2267 wiki dokumentation</a>, where some countries already have a number of
2268 companies providing support for Debian Edu, like Germany or
2269 Norway. This list is easy to find readily from the manual. However,
2270 for other countries, like France, the list is empty. I guess that
2271 consultants proposing support for Debian would be able to provide some
2272 support for Debian Edu as well.</p>
2273
2274 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
2275
2276 <p>I am using the KDE Plasma Desktop. But the pieces of software I use
2277 most runs in a terminal: Mutt and OfflineIMAP for emails, latex for
2278 scientific documents, mpd for music. VIM is my editor of choice.  I am
2279 also using the mathematical software
2280 <a href="http://www.scilab.org/en/scilab/about‎">Scilab</a> and
2281 <a href="http://www.sagemath.org/index.html‎">Sage</a> (built from
2282 source as not completely packaged for Debian, yet).
2283
2284 <p><strong>Do you have any suggestions for teachers interested in
2285 using the free software in Debian to teach mathematics and
2286 statistics?</strong></p>
2287
2288 <p>I do not have any "nice" recommendations for statistics. At our
2289 university, we use both <a href="http://www.r-project.org/‎">R</a> and
2290 Scilab to teach statistics and probabilistic simulations. For
2291 geometry, there are nice programs:</p>
2292
2293 <ul>
2294
2295 <li><a href="http://www.drgeo.eu/">drgeo</a> and
2296 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/applications/all/kig‎">kig</a> to do
2297 constructions in planar geometry
2298
2299 <li><a href="http://www.geom.uiuc.edu/software/download/kali.html">kali</a>
2300 to discover symmetry groups (the so-called wallpapers and frieze
2301 groups), although the interface looks a bit old.</li>
2302
2303 </ul>
2304
2305 <p>I like also
2306 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/applications/all/cantor">cantor</a>, which
2307 provides a uniform interface to SciLab, Sage,
2308 <a href="http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Octave‎">Octave</a>, etc...</p>
2309
2310 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
2311 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
2312
2313 <p>My suggestions would be to</p>
2314
2315 <ul>
2316
2317 <li>advertise the reduction of costs when free software is used.</li>
2318
2319 <li>communicate about the quality of free software projects, using
2320     well known examples like Firefox, ThunderBird and
2321     OpenOffice.org/LibreOffice.</li>
2322
2323 <li>advertise the living and strong community around the project.</li>
2324
2325 <li>show that it is not more difficult to use than any other
2326     system.</li>
2327
2328 </ul>
2329
2330       </div>
2331       <div class="tags">
2332
2333
2334         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
2335
2336
2337       </div>
2338     </div>
2339     <div class="padding"></div>
2340
2341     <div class="entry">
2342       <div class="title">
2343         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">Educational applications included in Debian Edu / Skolelinux (the screenshot collection :-)</a>
2344       </div>
2345       <div class="date">
2346          1st June 2013
2347       </div>
2348       <div class="body">
2349         <p>Included in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
2350 Skolelinux</a>, there are quite a lot of educational software.
2351 Created to help teachers teach, and pupils learn.  We have tried to
2352 tag them all using debtags use::learning and role::program, and using
2353 the debtags I was happy to be able to create a collage of the
2354 educational software packages installed by default, sorted by the
2355 debtag field.  Here it is.  Click on a image to learn more about the
2356 program.</p>
2357
2358 <!-- for f in $(debtags tagcat|grep field::|awk '{print $2}'); do   echo; echo "<p><strong>$f</strong></p>"; echo "<p>";   (     for p in $(debtags search --names "use::learning && interface::x11 && role::program && $f"); do img="<img src='http://screenshots.debian.net/thumbnail/$p' alt='$p'>"; if dpkg -s $p > /dev/null 2>&1; then           echo "<a href='http://packages.qa.debian.org/$p'>$img</a>"; fi;     done;   ) | LANG=C sort; echo "</p>"; done -->
2359
2360 <p><strong>field::arts</strong></p>
2361 <p>
2362 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=audacity'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/audacity.png' alt='audacity'></a>
2363 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
2364 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=denemo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/denemo.png' alt='denemo'></a>
2365 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=freebirth'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/freebirth.png' alt='freebirth'></a>
2366 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
2367 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gimp'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gimp.png' alt='gimp'></a>
2368 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=hydrogen'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/hydrogen.png' alt='hydrogen'></a>
2369 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=lilypond'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/lilypond.png' alt='lilypond'></a>
2370 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=lmms'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/lmms.png' alt='lmms'></a>
2371 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=rosegarden'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/rosegarden.png' alt='rosegarden'></a>
2372 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scribus'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scribus.png' alt='scribus'></a>
2373 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=solfege'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/solfege.png' alt='solfege'></a>
2374 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=stopmotion'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/stopmotion.png' alt='stopmotion'></a>
2375 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=tuxpaint'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/tuxpaint.png' alt='tuxpaint'></a>
2376 </p>
2377
2378 <p><strong>field::astronomy</strong></p>
2379 <p>
2380 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=celestia-gnome'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/celestia-gnome.png' alt='celestia-gnome'></a>
2381 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gpredict'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gpredict.png' alt='gpredict'></a>
2382 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kstars'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kstars.png' alt='kstars'></a>
2383 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=planets'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/planets.png' alt='planets'></a>
2384 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=stellarium'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/stellarium.png' alt='stellarium'></a>
2385 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xplanet'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xplanet.png' alt='xplanet'></a>
2386 </p>
2387
2388 <p><strong>field::biology:structural</strong></p>
2389 <p>
2390 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=pymol'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/pymol.png' alt='pymol'></a>
2391 </p>
2392
2393 <p><strong>field::chemistry</strong></p>
2394 <p>
2395 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=atomix'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/atomix.png' alt='atomix'></a>
2396 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=chemtool'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/chemtool.png' alt='chemtool'></a>
2397 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=easychem'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/easychem.png' alt='easychem'></a>
2398 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gchempaint'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gchempaint.png' alt='gchempaint'></a>
2399 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gdis'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gdis.png' alt='gdis'></a>
2400 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=ghemical'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/ghemical.png' alt='ghemical'></a>
2401 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gperiodic'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gperiodic.png' alt='gperiodic'></a>
2402 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kalzium'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kalzium.png' alt='kalzium'></a>
2403 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=pymol'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/pymol.png' alt='pymol'></a>
2404 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=viewmol'>[viewmol]</a>
2405 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xdrawchem'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xdrawchem.png' alt='xdrawchem'></a>
2406 </p>
2407
2408 <p><strong>field::electronics</strong></p>
2409 <p>
2410 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
2411 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gpsim'>[gpsim]</a>
2412 </p>
2413
2414 <p><strong>field::geography</strong></p>
2415 <p>
2416 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kgeography'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kgeography.png' alt='kgeography'></a>
2417 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=marble'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/marble.png' alt='marble'></a>
2418 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xplanet'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xplanet.png' alt='xplanet'></a>
2419 </p>
2420
2421 <p><strong>field::linguistics</strong></p>
2422 <p>
2423 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
2424 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kanagram'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kanagram.png' alt='kanagram'></a>
2425 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=khangman'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/khangman.png' alt='khangman'></a>
2426 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=klettres'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/klettres.png' alt='klettres'></a>
2427 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=parley'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/parley.png' alt='parley'></a>
2428 </p>
2429
2430 <p><strong>field::mathematics</strong></p>
2431 <p>
2432 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
2433 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=drgeo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/drgeo.png' alt='drgeo'></a>
2434 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
2435 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=geogebra'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/geogebra.png' alt='geogebra'></a>
2436 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=geomview'>[geomview]</a>
2437 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=grace'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/grace.png' alt='grace'></a>
2438 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=graphmonkey'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/graphmonkey.png' alt='graphmonkey'></a>
2439 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=graphthing'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/graphthing.png' alt='graphthing'></a>
2440 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kalgebra'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kalgebra.png' alt='kalgebra'></a>
2441 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kbruch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kbruch.png' alt='kbruch'></a>
2442 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kig'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kig.png' alt='kig'></a>
2443 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kmplot'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kmplot.png' alt='kmplot'></a>
2444 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=mathwar'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/mathwar.png' alt='mathwar'></a>
2445 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=rocs'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/rocs.png' alt='rocs'></a>
2446 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scratch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scratch.png' alt='scratch'></a>
2447 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=tuxmath'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/tuxmath.png' alt='tuxmath'></a>
2448 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xabacus'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xabacus.png' alt='xabacus'></a>
2449 </p>
2450
2451 <p><strong>field::physics</strong></p>
2452 <p>
2453 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
2454 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=step'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/step.png' alt='step'></a>
2455 </p>
2456
2457 <p><strong>field::TODO</strong></p>
2458 <p>
2459 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=blinken'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/blinken.png' alt='blinken'></a>
2460 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=cgoban'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/cgoban.png' alt='cgoban'></a>
2461 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
2462 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
2463 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gnuchess'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gnuchess.png' alt='gnuchess'></a>
2464 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gnugo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gnugo.png' alt='gnugo'></a>
2465 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gtans'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gtans.png' alt='gtans'></a>
2466 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=ktouch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/ktouch.png' alt='ktouch'></a>
2467 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=librecad'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/librecad.png' alt='librecad'></a>
2468 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scratch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scratch.png' alt='scratch'></a>
2469 </p>
2470
2471 <p>In total, 61 applications.  3 of them lacked screen shots on
2472 <a href="http://screenshot.debian.net">screenshot.debian.net</a>.  If
2473 you know of some packages we should install by default, please let us
2474 know on <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">IRC, #debian-edu
2475 on irc.debian.org</a>, or our
2476 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">mailing list
2477 debian-edu@</a>.</p>
2478
2479       </div>
2480       <div class="tags">
2481
2482
2483         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2484
2485
2486       </div>
2487     </div>
2488     <div class="padding"></div>
2489
2490     <div class="entry">
2491       <div class="title">
2492         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Nirosan_Thiyagalingam.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Nirosan Thiyagalingam</a>
2493       </div>
2494       <div class="date">
2495         24th May 2013
2496       </div>
2497       <div class="body">
2498         <p>En ting
2499 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektet</a> har
2500 hatt mye glede av er studentprosjekter.  F.eks.  er
2501 <a href="http://linuxstopmotion.org/">stillbildeanimasjonssystemet
2502 Stopmotion</a> resultat av et studentprosjekt i Skolelinux.  De siste
2503 månedene har en ivrig student veiledet av Marius Kotsbak i
2504 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRiSK</a> testet hva en
2505 kan få til med en datamaskin til NOK 400,- (antagelig 1700,- med
2506 skjerm, tastatur og mus) når det brukes i Skolelinux.  Jeg spurte han
2507 om et intervju.</p>
2508
2509 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
2510
2511 <p>Jeg heter Nirosan Thiyagalingam. Jeg er 24 år og studerer
2512 dataingeniør studiet ved Høgskolen i Sør Trøndelag. Interessen for
2513 data har siden ung alder vært tilstede og jeg har i tillegg alltid
2514 vært glad i å lære nye ting. Med teknologi som endres svært hurtig er
2515 det alltid noe nytt å lære.  Noe som igjen har gjort det svært
2516 interessant å følge med på utviklingen.  Jeg valgte dataingeniør
2517 studiet grunnet ønske om å lære enda mer om programmering og utvikling
2518 av store systemer.</p>
2519
2520 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
2521
2522 <p>Skolelinux prosjektet hørte jeg først om i media. Men det var først
2523 når jeg skulle velge bacheloroppgave at jeg fattet mer interesse for
2524 prosjektet. Et enkelt søk på nettet førte meg til skolelinux sine
2525 hjemmesider.  Informasjonen jeg fant der gjorde meg enda nysgjerrig og
2526 jeg valgte derfor en oppgave som gikk ut på å få en
2527 <a href="http://www.raspberrypi.org">Raspberry PI</a>.  Altså en
2528 ultra-billig datamaskin til å kjøre Debian Edu på lik linje med
2529 vanlige datamaskiner. I løpet av prosjektet ble det gjort mye
2530 forskning på nettet. Det var mye jeg måtte forstå rundt hvordan
2531 operativsystemet Linux fungerte før jeg kunne angripe
2532 problemet. Prøvde først å finne ut hvordan man kunne transformere en
2533 vanlig installasjon av Skolelinux til Raspberry PI, men dette var
2534 altfor vanskelig å jeg endte opp med mer spørsmål enn svar. Det ble
2535 videre opprettet kontakt med Skolelinux utviklere på IRC der jeg fikk
2536 diskutert hvilken retning jeg burde gå for å få til en fullverdig
2537 løsning. Det ble bestemt at jeg skulle gå for å først installere
2538 <a href="http://www.raspbian.org/">Raspian</a>. Dette er et
2539 operativsystem basert på Debian spesiallaget for Raspberry Pi sin
2540 maskinvare. Nå som Debian var installert på datamaskinen gjenstod det
2541 å installere de nødvendige Skolelinux pakkene for å få til et
2542 fullverdig system. Disse pakkene ble installert manuelt i første
2543 omgang, men ble senere installert automatisk via et script som Petter
2544 Reinholdtsen laget. Dette scriptet er så enkel å bruke at man er i
2545 gang med installasjonen i løpet av bare 5 minutter. Ikke nok med det,
2546 alt skjer helt automatisk. Alt i alt er jeg veldig fornøyd med
2547 resultatet av installasjonsprosessen. Raspberry Pi er en veldig svak
2548 maskin og det merkes godt når man har installert Skolelinux på
2549 den. Video og 3D-rendering fungerer utrolig dårlig, men nettsurfing og
2550 kontorprogrammer fungerer godt.  Det kan derfor konkluderes med at
2551 datamaskinen er egnet for enkle oppgaver.
2552
2553 <p>Jeg syns det er viktig påpeke at dette kun er startfasen av en slik
2554 løsning. På markedet finnes det nå maskiner som har bedre hardware enn
2555 Raspberry Pi. Det er store muligheter for at man kan klare å
2556 installere Skolelinux på disse også, og da forsvinner nok mest
2557 sannsynlig ytelsesproblemene med Video og 3D rendering også.</p>
2558
2559 <p>Det ble også prøvd med en løsning som gjorde at Raspberry Pi
2560 fungerte som en tynnklient. Denne løsningen hadde langt bedre ytelse
2561 med tanke på hastighet og brukeropplevelse. Men også her var video og
2562 3D rendering dårlig. Det ble brukt en liten Linux distribusjon kalt
2563 <a href="http://www.berryterminal.com/">BerryTerminal</a> for å få til
2564 dette.</p>
2565
2566 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
2567
2568 <p>Fordelen med Skolelinux er mange. At det er gratis er en stor
2569 fordel, men at det er så mange som er med på å utvikle det og
2570 vedlikeholde det er en enda større fordel. Allerede før jeg startet
2571 med prosjektet så jeg mange fordeler, og når jeg nærmet meg sluttfasen
2572 så jeg langt flere. At prosjektet skulle inneha en så høy kvalitet
2573 hadde jeg aldri trodd. En vanlig Skolelinux installasjon har de
2574 nødvendige programmene og funksjonen som både små og store skoler i
2575 tillegg til organisasjoner kan klare seg med.  At prosjektet tilbyr en
2576 så komplett løsning er en kjempefordel.  Installasjonen er knirkefri
2577 og det er svært enkelt å installere og komme i gang.</p>
2578
2579 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
2580
2581 <p>Ulempene jeg ser med prosjektet er ryddigheten av websidene. Selv
2582 om websidene er enkle og konsise er det allikevel ikke appellerende i
2583 like stor grad som for eksempel
2584 <a href="http://www.ubuntu.com">Ubuntu</a> sine sider.  Deres side
2585 tilbyr, i tillegg til godt design og presentasjon, en nettbasert
2586 emulator av deres operativsystem. Dette er en stor fordel slik jeg ser
2587 det.  Bortsett fra dette ser jeg absolutt ingen ulemper med
2588 Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
2589
2590 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
2591
2592 <p>Til daglig er jeg en flittig bruker av det åpne media
2593 sentersystemet <a href="http://xbmc.org/">XBMC</a>. Det enorme
2594 samfunnet rundt dette prosjektet har gjort dette til et program som
2595 dekker alles behov. Man kan tilpasse det akkurat slik man vil både med
2596 tanke på utseende og funksjoner ved installere plug-ins eller
2597 scripts.</p>
2598
2599 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
2600 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
2601
2602 <p>Strategien som burde brukes sett fra mine øyne er
2603 markedsføring. Jeg er sikker på at om flere skoler fikk et lite innsyn
2604 i hvor bra Skolelinux er så ville de ikke nølt med å gå over fra noe
2605 annet som koster de store summer. At skolelinux til de grader tilbyr
2606 en så komplett løsning bure komme frem. Enten via reklamekampanjer
2607 eller ved å sende ut folk til skoler for så å la skolenettverk
2608 ansvarlige få teste ut hvordan Skolelinux fungerer i praksis. Om det
2609 i tillegg ble utviklet gode websider og en emulator for å la brukere
2610 prøve operativsystemet ville nok dette ha styrket inntrykket
2611 betraktelig.</p>
2612
2613       </div>
2614       <div class="tags">
2615
2616
2617         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
2618
2619
2620       </div>
2621     </div>
2622     <div class="padding"></div>
2623
2624     <div class="entry">
2625       <div class="title">
2626         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_transform_a_Debian_based_system_to_a_Debian_Edu_installation.html">How to transform a Debian based system to a Debian Edu installation</a>
2627       </div>
2628       <div class="date">
2629         17th May 2013
2630       </div>
2631       <div class="body">
2632         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> is
2633 an operating system based on Debian intended for use in schools.  It
2634 contain a turn-key solution for the computer network provided to
2635 pupils in the primary schools.  It provide both the central server,
2636 network boot servers and desktop environments with heaps of
2637 educational software.  The project was founded almost 12 years ago,
2638 2001-07-02.  If you want to support the project, which is in need for
2639 cash to fund developer gatherings and other project related activity,
2640 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/donations.html">please
2641 donate some money</a>.
2642
2643 <p>A topic that come up again and again on the Debian Edu mailing
2644 lists and elsewhere, is the question on how to transform a Debian or
2645 Ubuntu installation into a Debian Edu installation.  It isn't very
2646 hard, and last week I wrote a script to replicate the steps done by
2647 the Debian Edu installer.</p>
2648
2649 <p>The script,
2650 <a href="http://anonscm.debian.org/viewvc/debian-edu/branches/wheezy/debian-edu-config/share/debian-edu-config/tools/debian-edu-bless?view=markup">debian-edu-bless<a/>
2651 in the debian-edu-config package, will go through these six steps and
2652 transform an existing Debian Wheezy or Ubuntu (untested) installation
2653 into a Debian Edu Workstation:</p>
2654
2655 <ol>
2656
2657 <li>Add skolelinux related APT sources.</li>
2658 <li>Create /etc/debian-edu/config with the wanted configuration.</li>
2659 <li>Install debian-edu-install to load preseeding values and pull in
2660     our configuration.</li>
2661 <li>Preseed debconf database with profile setup in
2662     /etc/debian-edu/config, and run tasksel to install packages
2663     according to the profile specified in the config above,
2664     overriding some of the Debian automation machinery.</li>
2665 <li>Run debian-edu-cfengine-D installation to configure everything
2666     that could not be done using preseeding.</li>
2667 <li>Ask for a reboot to enable all the configuration changes.</li>
2668
2669 </ol>
2670
2671 <p>There are some steps in the Debian Edu installation that can not be
2672 replicated like this.  Disk partitioning and LVM setup, for example.
2673 So this script just assume there is enough disk space to install all
2674 the needed packages.</p>
2675
2676 <p>The script was created to help a Debian Edu student working on
2677 setting up <a href="http://www.raspberrypi.org">Raspberry Pi</a> as a
2678 Debian Edu client, and using it he can take the existing
2679 <a href="http://www.raspbian.org/FrontPage‎">Raspbian</a> installation and
2680 transform it into a fully functioning Debian Edu Workstation (or
2681 Roaming Workstation, or whatever :).</p>
2682
2683 <p>The default setting in the script is to create a KDE Workstation.
2684 If a LXDE based Roaming workstation is wanted instead, modify the
2685 PROFILE and DESKTOP values at the top to look like this instead:</p>
2686
2687 <p><pre>
2688 PROFILE="Roaming-Workstation"
2689 DESKTOP="lxde"
2690 </pre></p>
2691
2692 <p>The script could even become useful to set up Debian Edu servers in
2693 the cloud, by starting with a virtual Debian installation at some
2694 virtual hosting service and setting up all the services on first
2695 boot.</p>
2696
2697       </div>
2698       <div class="tags">
2699
2700
2701         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2702
2703
2704       </div>
2705     </div>
2706     <div class="padding"></div>
2707
2708     <div class="entry">
2709       <div class="title">
2710         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Second alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
2711       </div>
2712       <div class="date">
2713         14th May 2013
2714       </div>
2715       <div class="body">
2716         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
2717 project</a> is making great progress and made its second Wheezy based
2718 release today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
2719
2720 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.0.0 alpha1 released
2721 2013-05-14</strong></p>
2722
2723 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux 7.0.0 edu
2724 alpha1, based on <a href="http://www.debian.org">Debian</a> with
2725 codename "Wheezy".</p>
2726
2727 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
2728
2729 <p>Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux, is a Linux distribution based
2730 on Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
2731 configured school network. Immediatly after installation a school
2732 server running all services needed for a school network is set up just
2733 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
2734 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
2735 initial installation of the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all
2736 other machines can be installed via the network.</p>
2737
2738 <p>This is the first test release based on Wheezy (which currently is
2739 not released yet). Basically this is an updated and slightly improved
2740 version compared to the Squeeze release.</p>
2741
2742 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
2743 <ul>
2744   <li>Install freemind (0.9.0) by default, and stop installing vym by
2745     default.</li>
2746   <li>Install chromium (26.0.1410.43) by default.</li>
2747   <li>Install goplay (0.5-1.1) to make golearn available by default.</li>
2748   <li>Updated support for Japanese input methods, now based on
2749     ibus-anthy.</li>
2750 </ul>
2751
2752 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
2753 <ul>
2754
2755   <li>Switched default file system from ext3 to ext4 for speed and
2756     reliability improvements.</li>
2757   <li>Got rid of unwanted winbind daemon and PAM setup activated because
2758     of <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/706434">706434</a>.</li>
2759   <li>Extended and improved the testsuite tests to detect more possible
2760     problems.</li>
2761   <li>Corrected proxy handling to not set http_proxy to a bogus
2762     direct:// URL.</li>
2763   <li>Corrected proxy setup for diskless workstations.</li>
2764   <li>Corrected PXE setup to use our updated udebs during installation.</li>
2765   <li>Made installation handling of low entropy level more robust.</li>
2766   <li>Create larger partitions for Roaming workstations and Thin client
2767     servers, to make room for all the software installed.</li>
2768   <li>Fix bug in Roaming workstation PAM setup, making it impossible to
2769     log in (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/706753">706753</a>).</li>
2770 </ul>
2771
2772 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
2773 <ul>
2774
2775   <li>IP resolution for the local hostname give useless IPv6 address
2776     (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/705900">705900</a>).  Only install
2777     libnss-myhostname on roaming workstations until it is fixed.</li>
2778   <li>DVD images are not yet ready.</li>
2779   <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
2780     available yet (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/698840">698840</a>).</li>
2781   <li>Missing artwork for the KDE desktop (and probably a few others).</li>
2782   <li>KDE Debian submenu lacks icons.</li>
2783   <li>LXDE menu lacks entry for changing GOsa password
2784     (website). Installing gosa-desktop will be an option.</li>
2785   <li>Backup configuration via web interface is impossible due to
2786     password submission problem
2787     (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/700257">700257</a>).</li>
2788
2789 </ul>
2790
2791 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
2792
2793 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
2794 <ul>
2795
2796   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</a></li>
2797   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</a></li>
2798   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</li>
2799
2800 </ul>
2801
2802 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 685ed76c1aa8e44b12d3fde21faf450b</p>
2803
2804 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 6c874de157024da13e115bab29c068080a11ec4c</p>
2805
2806 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
2807
2808 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
2809
2810       </div>
2811       <div class="tags">
2812
2813
2814         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2815
2816
2817       </div>
2818     </div>
2819     <div class="padding"></div>
2820
2821     <div class="entry">
2822       <div class="title">
2823         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Narvik_sparer_minst_9_millioner_p____bruke_Skolelinux.html">Narvik sparer minst 9 millioner på å bruke Skolelinux</a>
2824       </div>
2825       <div class="date">
2826         10th May 2013
2827       </div>
2828       <div class="body">
2829         <p>I fjor sommer ble jeg
2830 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">gledelig
2831 overrasket</a> over et oppslag i avisen Fremover om Narvik kommunes
2832 bruk av <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>.  Oppslaget
2833 var basert på et notat som besvarte spørsmål fra ordfører Tor Nysæter
2834 og rådgiver for skolesektoren, Petter Falkbu, om bruken av Skolelinux
2835 i Narvikskolene og konstnaden ved å gå over til Windows.  For litt
2836 over en uke siden siden fikk jeg endelig bedt kommunen om å få innsyn
2837 i dette notatet, og det ble oversendt på epost tirsdag.  Jeg fikk
2838 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/pub/offentliginnsyn/from-Narvik-kommune/2013-04-29-09:12-skolelinux-notat/PetterFalkbuogwindowsfornarvikskolen%20(L)351310.pdf">lagt
2839 ut notatet</a> samme dag, og fikk i dag sjekket postlista til Narvik,
2840 der jeg fant notatet som
2841 <a href="https://www.narvik.kommune.no/innsyn.aspx?response=arkivsak_detaljer&arkivsakid=2013001023&scripturi=/innsyn.aspx&skin=infolink&Mid1=301&">sak
2842 2013/1023</a>.</p>
2843
2844 <p>Notatet forteller at Narvik ville måtte betalt minst 9 millioner
2845 for å gå over til Windows på skolene.  I tillegg dokumenterer notatet
2846 at læreplanens krav oppfylles uten problemer ved bruk av Skolelinux.
2847 Jeg anbefaler alle å lese de 10 sidene med gode argumenter for å kutte
2848 unødige utgifter på IT i skoleverket. :)</p>
2849
2850       </div>
2851       <div class="tags">
2852
2853
2854         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
2855
2856
2857       </div>
2858     </div>
2859     <div class="padding"></div>
2860
2861     <div class="entry">
2862       <div class="title">
2863         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Wheezy_is_out___and_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_should_soon_follow___newinwheezy.html">Debian Wheezy is out - and Debian Edu / Skolelinux should soon follow! #newinwheezy</a>
2864       </div>
2865       <div class="date">
2866          5th May 2013
2867       </div>
2868       <div class="body">
2869         <p>When I woke up this morning, I was very happy to see that the
2870 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2013/20130504">release announcement
2871 for Debian Wheezy</a> was waiting in my mail box.  This is a great
2872 Debian release, and I expect to move my machines at home over to it fairly
2873 soon.</p>
2874
2875 <p>The new debian release contain heaps of new stuff, and one program
2876 in particular make me very happy to see included.  The
2877 <a href="http://scratch.mit.edu/">Scratch</a> program, made famous by
2878 the <a href="http://www.code.org/">Teach kids code</a> movement, is
2879 included for the first time.  Alongside similar programs like
2880 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/kturtle/">kturtle</a> and
2881 <a href="http://wiki.sugarlabs.org/go/Activities/Turtle_Art">turtleart</a>,
2882 it allow for visual programming where syntax errors can not happen,
2883 and a friendly programming environment for learning to control the
2884 computer.  Scratch will also be included in the next release of Debian
2885 Edu.</a>
2886
2887 <p>And now that Wheezy is wrapped up, we can wrap up the next Debian
2888 Edu/Skolelinux release too.  The
2889 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/2013/04/msg00132.html">first
2890 alpha release</a> went out last week, and the next should soon
2891 follow.<p>
2892
2893       </div>
2894       <div class="tags">
2895
2896
2897         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2898
2899
2900       </div>
2901     </div>
2902     <div class="padding"></div>
2903
2904     <div class="entry">
2905       <div class="title">
2906         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">First alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
2907       </div>
2908       <div class="date">
2909         26th April 2013
2910       </div>
2911       <div class="body">
2912         <p>The Debian Edu / Skolelinux project is still going strong and made
2913 its first Wheezy based release today.  This is the release
2914 announcement:</p>
2915
2916 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu ~7.0.0 alpha0 released
2917 2013-04-26</strong></p>
2918
2919 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux ~7.0.0
2920 edu alpha0, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
2921
2922 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
2923
2924 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
2925 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
2926 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
2927 network. Immediatly after installation a school server running all
2928 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
2929 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
2930 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
2931 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
2932 installed via the network.</p>
2933
2934 <p>This is the first test release based on Wheezy (which currently is
2935 not released yet). Basically this is an updated and slightly improved
2936 version compared to the Squeeze release.</p>
2937
2938 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
2939
2940 <ul>
2941 <li>Everything which is new in Debian Wheezy, eg:
2942   <ul>
2943      <li>Linux kernel 3.2.x</li>
2944      <li>Desktop environments KDE "Plasma" 4.8.4, GNOME 3.4, and LXDE 4
2945          (KDE is installed by default; to choose GNOME or LXDE: see
2946          manual.)</li>
2947      <li>Web browser Iceweasel 10 ESR</li>
2948      <li>LibreOffice 3.5.4</li>
2949      <li>LTSP 5.4.2</li>
2950      <li>GOsa 2.7.4</li>
2951      <li>CUPS print system 1.5.3</li>
2952      <li>Educational toolbox GCompris 12.01</li>
2953      <li>Music creator Rosegarden 12.04</li>
2954      <li>Image editor Gimp 2.8.2</li>
2955      <li>Virtual universe Celestia 1.6.1</li>
2956      <li>Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.11.3</li>
2957      <li>Scratch visual programming environment 1.4.0.6</li>
2958      <li>New version of debian-installer from Debian Wheezy, see
2959          <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/installmanual">installation
2960          manual</a> for more details.</li>
2961      <li>Debian Wheezy includes about 37000 packages available for
2962          installation.</li>
2963      <li>More information about Debian Wheezy 7.0 is provided in the
2964          <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/releasenotes">release notes</a> and the <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/installmanual">installation manual</a>.</li>
2965   </ul></li>
2966 </ul>
2967
2968 <p><strong>Documentation</strong></p>
2969 <ul>
2970 <li>The (<a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy">English</a>) Debian Edu Wheezy Manual is fully translated to
2971     German, French, Italian and Danish. Partly translated versions exist
2972     for Norwegian Bokmal and Spanish.</li>
2973 </ul>
2974
2975 <p><Strong>LDAP related changes</strong></p>
2976 <ul>
2977 <li>Slight changes to some objects and acls to have more types to
2978     choose from when adding systems in GOsa. Now systems can be of type
2979     server, workstation, printer, terminal or netdevice.</li>
2980 </ul>
2981
2982 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
2983 <ul>
2984 <li>LTSP clients start as diskless workstation / thin client can be
2985     configured via command line argument -- or individually adding an
2986     entry in lts.conf or LDAP.<li>
2987 <li>GOsa gui: Now some options that seemed to be available, but are non
2988     functional, are greyed out (or are not clickable). Some tabs are
2989     completely hidden to the end user, others even to the GOsa admin.</li>
2990 </ul>
2991
2992 <p><strong>Regressions</strong></p>
2993 <ul>
2994 <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv) available
2995     yet.</li>
2996 </ul>
2997
2998 <p><strong>No updated artwork</strong></p>
2999
3000 <ul>
3001 <li>Updated artwork which is visible during installation, in the login
3002     screen and as desktop wallpaper is still missing or the same as we
3003     had for our Squeeze based release.</li>
3004 </ul>
3005
3006 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
3007
3008 To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use
3009 <ul>
3010 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</a></li>
3011 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</a></li>
3012 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</li>
3013 </ul>
3014
3015 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: c5e773ddafdaa4f48c409c682f598b6c</p>
3016
3017 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 25934fabb9b7d20235499a0a51f08ce6c54215f2</p>
3018
3019 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
3020
3021 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
3022
3023       </div>
3024       <div class="tags">
3025
3026
3027         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3028
3029
3030       </div>
3031     </div>
3032     <div class="padding"></div>
3033
3034     <div class="entry">
3035       <div class="title">
3036         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_developer_gathering_in_2013_take_place_in_Trondheim.html">First Debian Edu / Skolelinux developer gathering in 2013 take place in Trondheim</a>
3037       </div>
3038       <div class="date">
3039         16th April 2013
3040       </div>
3041       <div class="body">
3042         <p>This years first <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux /
3043 Debian Edu</a> developer gathering take place the coming weekend in Trondheim.
3044 Details about the gathering can be found
3045 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering/2013-04-19-21-Trondheim">on
3046 the FRiSK wiki</a>.  The dates are 19-21th of April 2013, and online
3047 participation for those unable to make it in person is very welcome,
3048 and I plan to participate online myself as I could not leave Oslo this
3049 weekend.</p>
3050
3051 <p>The focus of the gathering is to work on the web pages and project
3052 infrastructure, and to continue the work on the Wheezy based Debian
3053 Edu release.</p>
3054
3055 <p>See you on <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">IRC, #debian-edu on irc.debian.org,</a> then?</p>
3056
3057       </div>
3058       <div class="tags">
3059
3060
3061         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3062
3063
3064       </div>
3065     </div>
3066     <div class="padding"></div>
3067
3068     <div class="entry">
3069       <div class="title">
3070         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_6_got_a_video_review_from_Pcwizz.html">Skolelinux 6 got a video review from Pcwizz</a>
3071       </div>
3072       <div class="date">
3073         17th March 2013
3074       </div>
3075       <div class="body">
3076         <p>Via
3077 <a href="https://twitter.com/pcwizz/status/313044373262716930">twitter</a>
3078 I just discovered that <a href="http://pcwizz.net/">Pcwizz</a> have
3079 done a <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wPzTZ61Pcuc">video
3080 review</a> on Youtube of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux
3081 / Debian Edu</a> version 6.  He installed the standalone profile and
3082 the video show a walk-through of of the menu content, demonstration of
3083 a few programs and his view of our distribution.</p>
3084
3085 <p>There is also some really nice quotes (transcribed by me, might
3086 have heard wrong).  While looking thought the Graphics menu:</p>
3087
3088 <blockquote>
3089 "Basically everything you ever need in a school environment."
3090 </blockquote>
3091
3092 <p>And as a general evaluation of the entire distribution:</p>
3093
3094 <blockquote>
3095 "So, yeah, a bit bloated.  It kept all the Debian stuff in there, just
3096 to keep it nice and GNU.  So, I do not want to go on about it, but
3097 lets give it 7 out of 10.  I am not going to use it.  That is because
3098 I am not deploying a school network.  There may be some mythical
3099 feature to help you deploy Skolelinux on a school network."
3100 </blockquote>
3101
3102 <p>To bad he did not test the server profile, and discovered the PXE
3103 installation option.  It make it possible to install only the main
3104 server from CD, and the rest of the machines via the net, and might be
3105 considered the mythical feature he talk about. :)</p>
3106
3107 <p>While looking through the menus, there is also this funny comment
3108 about the part of the K menu generated from the Debian menu subsystem:
3109
3110 <blockquote>
3111 "[The K menu] have a special Debian section for software that no-one
3112 is going to look at, because it contain lots of junky stuff that you
3113 actually don't need in the education distribution, but have just been
3114 included because it isn't stripped out for some reason."
3115 </blockquote>
3116
3117 <p>I guess it is yet another argument for merging the Debian menu and
3118 Gnome/KDE desktop menu entries into
3119 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/Proposals/DebianMenuUsingDesktopEntries">one
3120 consistent menu system</a> instead of two incomplete and partly
3121 inconsistent menu systems.</p>
3122
3123 <p>The entire video is available below for those accepting iframe
3124 embedding:</p>
3125
3126 <iframe width="560" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/wPzTZ61Pcuc" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
3127
3128       </div>
3129       <div class="tags">
3130
3131
3132         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
3133
3134
3135       </div>
3136     </div>
3137     <div class="padding"></div>
3138
3139     <div class="entry">
3140       <div class="title">
3141         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_Squeeze_update_released.html">First Skolelinux / Debian Edu Squeeze update released</a>
3142       </div>
3143       <div class="date">
3144          8th March 2013
3145       </div>
3146       <div class="body">
3147         <p>Last Sunday, 2013-03-03,, Holger Levsen announced the first update
3148 of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
3149 based on Debian Squeeze.  This is the first update since
3150 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">the
3151 initial release 2012-03-11</a>.  This is the
3152 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2013/03/msg00000.html">release
3153 announcement email from Holger</a>:</p>
3154
3155 <blockquote><p>Hi,</p>
3156
3157 <p>it's my pleasure to announce the immediate availability of Debian
3158 Edu 6.0.7+r1 ("Debian Edu Squeeze").</p>
3159
3160 <p>Debian Edu 6.0.7+r1 is an incremental update to Debian Edu
3161 6.0.4+r0, containing all the changes between Debian 6.0.4 and 6.0.7 as
3162 well Debian Edu specific bugfixes and enhancements. See below (in this
3163 mail) for the full list of (edu) changes.  Please see
3164 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311">http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311</a>
3165 for more information on "Debian Edu Squeeze".</p>
3166
3167 <p>Images are available for download at
3168 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/</a></p>
3169
3170 <p>md5sums:
3171 <br>1fe79eb4f0f9ae1c58fc318e26cc1e2e  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-CD.iso
3172 <br>a6ddd924a8bd9a1b5ca122e8fe1c34ec  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-DVD.iso
3173 <br>ac6c72cd7925ccec51bfbf58e2a7c69c  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-source-DVD.iso</p>
3174
3175 <p>sha1sums:
3176 <br>a4b58233b672a99c7df8dc24fb6de3327654a5c3  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-CD.iso
3177 <br>9b524915e0ff2aa793f13d93123e5bd2bab2dbaa  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-DVD.iso
3178 <br>43997614893fc5e9e59ad6ce066b05d07fd836fa  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-source-DVD.iso</p>
3179
3180 <p>These images are suitable for amd64+i386.</p>
3181
3182 <p>Changes for Debian Edu 6.0.7+r1 Codename "Squeeze", released
3183 2013-03-03:</p>
3184
3185 <ul>
3186   <li>sitesummary was updated from 0.1.3 to 0.1.8
3187   <ul>
3188         <li>Make Nagios configuration more robust and efficient</li>
3189         <li>Comply with 3.X kernel</li>
3190   </ul></li>
3191   <li>debian-edu-doc from 1.4~20120310~6.0.4+r0 to 1.4~20130228~6.0.7+r1
3192   <ul>
3193         <li>Minor updates from the wiki</li>
3194         <li>Danish translation now complete</li>
3195   </ul></li>
3196   <li>debian-edu-config from 1.453 to 1.455
3197      <ul>
3198         <li>Fix /etc/hosts for LTSP diskless workstations. Closes: #699880</li>
3199         <li>Make ltsp_local_mount script work for multiple devices.</li>
3200         <li>Correct Kerberos user policy: don't expire password after 2 days.
3201                 Closes: #664596</li>
3202         <li>Handle '#' characters in the root or first users password.
3203                 Closes: #664976</li>
3204         <li>Fixes for gosa-sync:
3205            <ul>
3206                 <li>Don't fail if password contains "</li>
3207                 <li>Don't disclose new password string in syslog</li>
3208            </ul></li>
3209         <li>Fixes for gosa-create:
3210            <ul>
3211                 <li>Invalidate libnss cache before applying changes</li>
3212                 <li>Multiple failures during mass user import into GOsa²</li>
3213                 <li>gosa-netgroups plugin: don't erase entries of attribute type
3214                          "memberNisNetgroup". Closes: #687256</li>
3215                 <li>First user now uses the same Kerberos policy as all other users</li>
3216            </ul></li>
3217         <li>Add Danish web page</li>
3218     </ul>
3219   <li>debian-edu-install from 1.528 to 1.530
3220     <ul>
3221         <li>Improve preseeding support and documentation</li>
3222     </ul></li>
3223 </ul>
3224
3225 <p>End-user documentation in English is available at
3226 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/</a>
3227 - translations to French, Italian, Danish and German are available in
3228 the debian-edu-doc package. (Other languages could use your help!)</p>
3229
3230 <p>If you want to contribute to Debian Edu, please join our
3231 mailinglist
3232 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@lists.debian.org</a>!
3233 </p></blockquote>
3234
3235 <p>I am very happy to see the fruits of a year of hard work. :)</p>
3236
3237       </div>
3238       <div class="tags">
3239
3240
3241         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3242
3243
3244       </div>
3245     </div>
3246     <div class="padding"></div>
3247
3248     <div class="entry">
3249       <div class="title">
3250         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Helge_Tore_H_yland.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Helge Tore Høyland</a>
3251       </div>
3252       <div class="date">
3253         22nd February 2013
3254       </div>
3255       <div class="body">
3256         <p>Etter en lang pause og travle uker har jeg endelig klart å få
3257 samlet et nytt intervju med en av folkene i
3258 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet.
3259 Denne gang er det Helge Tore Høyland, en mangeårig bidragsyter på
3260 epostlistene og ellers i prosjektet.</p>
3261
3262 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
3263
3264 <p>Eg er IT-konsulent/teknikker hjå eit firma i Steinkjer med navn
3265 <a href="http://unoit.no/">Uno IT</a>.  Uno IT er eit lite firma som
3266 drifter nettverk og maskiner for små og mellomstore firma
3267 Steinkjer-området. Per dags dato er me 2 ansatte. Min faglege bakgrunn
3268 er Fagbrev som it-teknikker, samt nokre fag innen nettverk- og
3269 server-drift frå HiST og NTNU. Dagleg arbeid består i oppsett av nye
3270 maskiner og hjelp til sluttbrukere, samt oppsett og vedlikehold av eit
3271 vidt spekter av fagsystemer ute hjå kunder. Erfaring med Skolelinux
3272 har eg hatt i forbindelse med drifting av
3273 <a href="http://www.bjorkly.no/">Bjørkly skule</a>, ein privat
3274 grunnskule i Namsos-området.  I dag har skulen 65 elever, 15 lærere, 1
3275 hovedserver og ca 60 klienter som kjører halvtjukt.  Eg har bygd og
3276 driftet systemet sidan summaren 2006.</p>
3277
3278 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
3279
3280 <p>Eg kom i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet via ein artikkel i eit
3281 fagblad, som eg ikkje lenger hugsar namnet på.  I og med at eg allereie
3282 hadde pusla med nettverk for ein annan skule, fatta eg straks
3283 interesse for prosjektet.</p>
3284
3285 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
3286
3287 <p>Fordelane med Skolelinux er sentralisert administrasjon og svært
3288 mange gode verktøy «ut av boksen». Veldig kjekt å kunne drifte 60
3289 klientar med berre å «bry» seg med ein server. Levetid for systemets
3290 hardware er og ein veldig fin effekt. I tillegg kjem fordelar som økt
3291 sikkerhet og mindre lisenskostnader. Etter min erfaring er det og
3292 mykje mindre driftskostnader med eit slikt system enn konkurrerande
3293 system, pga enkelhet med sentralisert administrasjon. På grunn av at
3294 Skolelinux er basert på Debian er det òg svært stabilt.</p>
3295
3296 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
3297
3298 <p>Ulemper er mangel på vilje til å følge standarer ute i markedet,
3299 som fører til mangel på støtte til nokre mykje brukte ting. Flash og
3300 Java er typiske eksempel. Sidan Debian satsar på stabilitet framfor å
3301 ha nyeste pakke av eit program, kan ein i nokre tilfeller kome borti
3302 at program vert «for gamle». Det er spesielt nettlesaren som er
3303 utsett. Mangel på vilje til å utvikle pedagogisk programvare, i Noreg,
3304 for «alle» platformer fører òg til noko hovudbry.</p>
3305
3306 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
3307
3308 <p>Til dagleg bruker eg svært mange forskjellige «fri programvare»
3309 program.  Firefox, Thunderbird, Freecommander, ImgBurn, Clonezilla,
3310 OCS inventory, Icinga, Skolelinux, SystemRescueCD og mykje meir.</p>
3311
3312 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
3313 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
3314
3315 <p>Strategisk må ein fokusere på at sluttbruker eigentleg ikkje er så
3316 fokusert på at det er fri programvare men at det skal «berre fungere».
3317 Gjer det enkelt å bruker og ikkje minst å administrere. For Skolelinux
3318 sin del må ein få eit betre fokus på overganger. Utbytting av servere
3319 må gå meir automatisk, import og eksport av brukerbase og maskinbase
3320 med meir må kunne gå enkelt og oppgradering til neste versjon må bli
3321 mykje meir automatisk og gjennomtesta. Ein må unngå at ein må sette
3322 opp frå start når ein byter ut ein server eller oppgraderer til neste
3323 versjon. For å få Skolelinux til å bli eit betre alternativ for skular
3324 må ein ha fokus på nettlesaren. Denne må bli «up to date» og støtte
3325 dei protokollar og tillegg som vert brukt av forlag med meir.  Etter
3326 kvart som meir og meir blir flytta ut i «skya» vert dette viktigare og
3327 viktigare. Ein kunne ynskje og jobbe for at forlag med fleire tar i
3328 bruk opne standarer, men inntil det skjer, må systemet kunne brukast
3329 mot desse fagsystema.</p>
3330
3331 <p>For meg har prosjektet med Skolelinux vore ein svært artig og
3332 lærerik prosess. Miljøet rundt er ikkje enormt stort, dog stort nok,
3333 men det er svært hjelpevillig og engasjert.</p>
3334
3335       </div>
3336       <div class="tags">
3337
3338
3339         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
3340
3341
3342       </div>
3343     </div>
3344     <div class="padding"></div>
3345
3346     <div class="entry">
3347       <div class="title">
3348         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_Christmas_present_for_Skolelinux___Debian_Edu.html">A Christmas present for Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
3349       </div>
3350       <div class="date">
3351         28th December 2012
3352       </div>
3353       <div class="body">
3354         <p>I was happy to discover a few days ago that the
3355 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
3356 project also this year received a Christmas present from Another
3357 Agency in Trondheim.  NOK 1000,- showed up on our donation account
3358 December 24th.  I want to express our thanks for this very welcome
3359 present.  As the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project is very short on
3360 funding these days, and thus lack the money to do regular developer
3361 gatherings, this donation was most welcome.  One developer gathering
3362 cost around NOK 15&nbsp;000,-, so we need quite a lot more to keep the
3363 development pace we want.  Thus, I hope their example this year is
3364 followed by many others. :)</p>
3365
3366 <p>The public list of donors can be found on
3367 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/donations.html">the
3368 donation page</a> for the project, which also contain instructions if
3369 you want to donate to the project.</p>
3370
3371       </div>
3372       <div class="tags">
3373
3374
3375         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3376
3377
3378       </div>
3379     </div>
3380     <div class="padding"></div>
3381
3382     <div class="entry">
3383       <div class="title">
3384         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ledger___double_entry_accounting_using_text_based_storage_format.html">Ledger - double-entry accounting using text based storage format</a>
3385       </div>
3386       <div class="date">
3387         18th December 2012
3388       </div>
3389       <div class="body">
3390         <p>A few days ago I came across
3391 <a href="http://joeyh.name/blog/entry/hledger/">a blog post from Joey
3392 Hess</a> describing <a href="http://ledger-cli.org/">ledger</a> and
3393 hledger, a text based system for double-entry accounting.  I found it
3394 interesting, as I am involved with several organizations where
3395 accounting is an issue, and I have not really become too friendly with
3396 the different web based systems we use.  I find it hard to find what I
3397 look for in the menus and even harder try to get sensible data out of
3398 the systems.  Ledger seem different.  The accounting data is kept in
3399 text files that can be stored in a version control system, and there
3400
3401 are at least <a href="https://github.com/ledger/ledger/wiki/Ports">five
3402 different implementations</a> able to read the format.  An example
3403 entry look like this, and is simple enough that it will be trivial to
3404 generate entries based on CVS files fetched from the bank:</p>
3405
3406 <blockquote><pre>
3407 2004-05-27 Book Store
3408       Expenses:Books                 $20.00
3409       Liabilities:Visa
3410 </pre></blockquote>
3411
3412 <p>The concept seemed interesting enough for me to check it out and
3413 look for others using it.  I found blog posts from
3414 <a href="http://blog.spang.cc/posts/hledger_rocks_my_world/">Christine
3415 Spang</a>,
3416 <a href="http://bugsplat.info/2010-05-23-keeping-finances-with-ledger.html">Pete
3417 Keen</a>,
3418 <a href="http://blog.andrewcantino.com/blog/2010/11/06/command-line-accounting-with-ledger-and-reckon/">Andrew
3419 Cantino</a> and
3420 <a href="http://blog.iphoting.com/blog/2012/11/29/command-line-double-entry-accounting/">Ronald
3421 Ip</a> describing how they use it, as well as a post from
3422 <a href="https://groups.google.com/forum/?fromgroups=#!topic/ledger-cli/r0oWjwbQ9Bo">Bradley
3423 M. Kuhn</a> at the Software Freedom Conservancy.  All seemed like good
3424 recommendations fitting my need.</p>
3425
3426 <p>The <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/l/ledger.html">ledger</a>
3427 package is available in Debian Squeeze, while the
3428 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/h/haskell-hledger.html">hledger</a>
3429 package only is available in Debian Sid.  As I use Squeeze, ledger
3430 seemed the best choice to get started.</p>
3431
3432 <p>To get some real data to test on, I wrote a
3433 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/tools/lodo2ledger">web scraper</a> for
3434 <a href="http://www.lodo.no/">LODO</a>, the accounting system used by
3435 the <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">NUUG</a> association, and started to
3436 play with the data set.  I'm not really deeply into accounting, but I
3437 am able to get a simple balance and accounting status for example
3438 using the "<tt>ledger balance</tt>" command.  But I will have to
3439 gather more experience before I know if the ledger way is a good fit
3440 for the organisations I am involved in.</p>
3441
3442       </div>
3443       <div class="tags">
3444
3445
3446         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
3447
3448
3449       </div>
3450     </div>
3451     <div class="padding"></div>
3452
3453     <div class="entry">
3454       <div class="title">
3455         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Angela_Fu_.html">Debian Edu interview: Angela Fuß</a>
3456       </div>
3457       <div class="date">
3458         14th November 2012
3459       </div>
3460       <div class="body">
3461         <p>Here is another interview with one of the people in the <a
3462 href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
3463 community.  I am running short on people willing to be interviewed, so
3464 if you know about someone I should interview, Please send me an email.
3465 After asking for many months, I finally managed to lure another one of
3466 the people behind the German
3467 "<a href="http://wiki.it-zukunft-schule.de/">IT-Zukunft Schule</a>"
3468 project out from maternity leave to conduct an interview.  Give a warm
3469 welcome to Angela Fuß. :)</p>
3470
3471 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
3472
3473 <p>I am a 39-year-old woman living in the very north of Germany near
3474 Denmark. I live in a patchwork family with "my man" Mike Gabriel, my
3475 two daughters, Mikes daughter and Mikes and my rather newborn son.
3476
3477 <p>At the moment - because of our little baby - I am spending most of
3478 the day by being a caring and organising mom for all the kids.
3479 Besides that I am really involved into and occupied with several inner
3480 growth processes: New born souls always bring the whole familiar
3481 system into movement and that needs time and focus ;-).  We are also
3482 in the middle of buying a house and moving to it.</p>
3483
3484 <p>In 2013 I will work again in my job in a German foundation for
3485 nature conservation. I am doing public relation work there.  Besides
3486 that - and that is the connection to Skolelinux / Debian Edu - I am
3487 working in our own school project "IT-Zukunft Schule" in North
3488 Germany. I am responsible for the quality assurance, the customer
3489 relationship management and the communication processes in the
3490 project.</p>
3491
3492 <p>Since 2001 I constantly have been training myself in communication
3493 and leadership. Besides that I am a forester, a landscaping gardener
3494 and a yoga teacher.</p>
3495
3496 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
3497 project?</strong></p>
3498
3499 <p>I fell in love with Mike ;-).</p>
3500
3501 <p>Very soon after getting to know him I was completely enrolled into
3502 Free Software.  At this time Mike did IT-services for one newly
3503 founded school in Kiel. Other schools in Kiel needed concepts for
3504 their IT environment.  Often when Mike came home from working at the
3505 newly founded school I found myself listening to his complaints about
3506 several points where the communication with the schools head or the
3507 teachers did not work.  So we were clear that he would not work for
3508 one more school if we did not set up a structure for communication
3509 between him, the schools head, the teachers, the students and the
3510 parents.</p>
3511
3512 <p>Together with our friend and hardware supplier Andreas Buchholz we
3513 started to get an overview of free software solutions suitable for
3514 schools. One day before Christmas 2010 Mike and I had a date with Kurt
3515 Gramlich in Gütersloh. As Kurt and I are really interested in building
3516 networks of people and in being in communication we dived into
3517 Skolelinux and brought it to the first grammar schools in Northern
3518 Germany.</p>
3519
3520 <p>For information about our school project you can read
3521 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Mike_Gabriel.html">the
3522 interview with Mike Gabriel</a>.</p>
3523
3524 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
3525 Edu?</strong></p>
3526
3527 <p>First I have to say: I cannot answer this question technically. My
3528 answer comes rather from a social point of view.</p>
3529
3530 <p>The biggest advantage of Skolelinux / Debian Edu I see is the large
3531 and strong international community of Debian Developers in the
3532 background which is very alive and connected over mailinglists, blogs
3533 and meetings. My constant feeling for the Debian Community is: If
3534 something does not work they will somehow fix it. All is well
3535 ;-). This is of course a user experience.  What I also get as a big
3536 advantage of Skolelinux / Debian Edu is that everybody who uses it and
3537 works with it can also contribute to it - that includes students,
3538 teachers, parents...</p>
3539
3540 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
3541 Edu?</strong></p>
3542
3543 <p>I will answer this question relating to the internal structure of
3544 Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
3545
3546 <p>What I see as a major disadvantage is that there is a gap between
3547 the group of developers for Debian Edu and the people who make the
3548 marketing, that means the people that bring Skolelinux to the
3549 schools. There is a lack of communication between these two groups and
3550 I think that does not really work for Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
3551
3552 <p>Further I appreciate that Skolelinux / Debian Edu is known as a
3553 do-ocracy. Nevertheless I keep asking myself if at some points a
3554 democracy or some kind of hierarchical project structure would be good
3555 and helpful.  I am also missing some kind of contact between the
3556 Skolelinux / Debian Edu communities in Europe or on an international
3557 level. I think it would be good if there was more sharing between the
3558 different countries using Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
3559
3560 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
3561
3562 <p>On my laptop I am still using an Ubuntu 10.04 with a Gnome Desktop
3563 on.  As applications I use Openoffice.org, Gedit, Firefox, Pidgin,
3564 LaTeX and GnuCash. For mails I am using Horde. And I am really fond of
3565 my N900 running with Maemo.</p>
3566
3567 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
3568 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
3569
3570 <p>I am really convinced that in our school project "IT-Zukunft
3571 Schule" we have developed (and keep developing) a great way to get
3572 schools to use Free Software. We have written a detailed concept for
3573 that so I cannot explain the whole thing here. But in a nutshell the
3574 strategy has three crucial pillars:</p>
3575
3576 <ul>
3577
3578 <li>We really take time to get what sort of stories, questions and
3579 concerns the schools head and the teachers have about using different
3580 kinds of IT and we take time to enrol them into Free Software.</li>
3581
3582 <li>Our solution for schools is never just technical. In the centre
3583 are always the people who are going to use the software. From the very
3584 beginning of the planning for a school, we tell the schools head that
3585 they are paying us not only for a technical solution for their school,
3586 they also pay us for leading all the communication processes
3587 needed. If they do not want that, we are not working with them because
3588 we cannot give a guarantee for the quality of our work then.</li>
3589
3590 <li>Another focus lies in the training of teachers and students in
3591 co-administrating the IT-System at their school. They start getting in
3592 contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu community and they get the
3593 offer to become more and more independent from us.</li>
3594
3595 </ul>
3596
3597       </div>
3598       <div class="tags">
3599
3600
3601         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
3602
3603
3604       </div>
3605     </div>
3606     <div class="padding"></div>
3607
3608     <div class="entry">
3609       <div class="title">
3610         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_noe_for_Ballangen___Leserinnlegg_til_avisen_Fremover_.html">Skolelinux noe for Ballangen? (Leserinnlegg til avisen Fremover)</a>
3611       </div>
3612       <div class="date">
3613         14th October 2012
3614       </div>
3615       <div class="body">
3616         <p>Tirsdag 2012-10-09 sendte jeg følgende leserinnlegg til avisen
3617 <a href="http://www.fremover.no/">Fremover</a>, etter å ha vært nordpå
3618 noen dager og lest noen gamle aviser.  Publiserer den her i sin helhet
3619 for fremtidig referanse.  Fremover publiserer dessverre ikke
3620 leserinnlegg på nett.</p>
3621
3622 <blockquote>
3623 <p>To: redaksjon (at) fremover.no
3624 <br>Subject: Leserinnlegg til Fremover: Skolelinux noe for Ballangen?</p>
3625
3626 <p>Ærede redaktør</p>
3627
3628 <p>I sommer (2012-07-23) hadde Fremover et oppslag om at Narvik
3629 kommune hadde spart mellom 10 og 20 millioner kroner de siste årene på
3630 å bruke Skolelinux på sine skoler.  Harstad har også tatt i bruk
3631 Skolelinux på alle sine skoler.  Som tidligere Ballangsværing gledet
3632 det meg stort å se at skoleløsningen vi har utviklet siden 2001 tas i
3633 bruk i området der jeg vokste opp, og dermed bidrar til en bedre og
3634 billigere skolehverdag.</p>
3635
3636 <p>Skolelinux er en komplett IT-løsning for elevnettverket på en
3637 skole, med både nettverkstjenester og løsning for elevmaskiner med
3638 pedagogisk programvare, som tillater en å øke levetiden på en
3639 datamaskin i skolen med mange år.  En undersøkelse publisert i mars
3640 2012 viste at de 56 norske skolene som har offentliggjort at de bruker
3641 Skolelinux eller annen Linuxutgave hadde 36% større PC-tetthet enn
3642 landsgjennomsnittet, når en ser på tall rapportert til Grunnskolens
3643 Informasjonssystem.  I følge Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken, IKT-konsulent i
3644 Nord-Odal, fungerer datamaskiner godt til de er 8 til 10 år gamle.</p>
3645
3646 <p>I høst (2012-09-29) fortalte Fremover hvordan Ballangen kommune har
3647 opparbeidet seg 20 millioner i underskudd og nok havner på Robek-lista
3648 fra nyttår.  Kanskje Ballangen også burde ta i bruk Skolelinux for å
3649 spare penger?  Hvis kommunen mangler kompetanse lokalt på Linux finnes
3650 det kommersielle selskaper som tilbyr driftstjenester rundt
3651 Skolelinux, og jeg bør vel avsløre at jeg selv er involvert i et av
3652 dem, Skolelinux Drift AS.  Kommunen kan dermed få hjelp hvis de ikke
3653 ønsker å bygge opp egen kompetanse.</p>
3654
3655 <p>Vennlig hilsen
3656 <br>Petter Reinholdtsen
3657 <br>Fri programvareutvikler</p>
3658
3659 <p>Referanser:</p>
3660
3661 <ul>
3662
3663 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html</a></li>
3664 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html</a></li>
3665
3666 </ul>
3667
3668 </blockquote>
3669
3670 <p>Innlegget ble så vidt jeg vet trykket i papirutgaven et par dager
3671 senere, men jeg har ikke sett det selv.</p>
3672
3673       </div>
3674       <div class="tags">
3675
3676
3677         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
3678
3679
3680       </div>
3681     </div>
3682     <div class="padding"></div>
3683
3684     <div class="entry">
3685       <div class="title">
3686         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Trengs_flere_frivillige_til_korrektur_av_den_frie_norske_stavekontrollen.html">Trengs flere frivillige til korrektur av den frie norske stavekontrollen</a>
3687       </div>
3688       <div class="date">
3689         13th October 2012
3690       </div>
3691       <div class="body">
3692         <p><a href="http://no.speling.org/">Den frie norske stavekontrollen</a>
3693 består av ca. 1,3 millioner bokmåls- og nynorskord.  Det er mange
3694 kilder til ordene, f.eks. den norske ordbanken, norske nett-aviser,
3695 stavekontrollbrukere og korrekturlesere, og endel feil har sneket seg
3696 inn i databasen over ord.  For å finne og fikse feilene trengs det
3697 korrekturlesing.  Her kommer frivillige inn.</p>
3698
3699 <p>Hvis du vil bidra med korrektur av orddatabasen, kan du melde deg
3700 frivillig som bokmåls- eller nynorskkorrekturleser og få tilsendt en
3701 liten bunke ord på epost hver dag, lese over og sende inn på epost
3702 tilbake til korrekturlesing-systemet.  Jo flere som sjekker, jo
3703 raskere kommer vi igjennom hele databasen.  Så langt har vi oppdaget
3704 341 bokmålsord og 50 nynorskord som ikke skal vært med i databasen.
3705 Det er nok noen flere.  I tillegg har korrekturleserne oppdaget flere
3706 ord som manglet, og fått lagt dem inn i stavekontrollen.</p>
3707
3708 <p>Hvis du vil bidra, følg instruksene på
3709 <a href="http://no.speling.org/dokumentasjon.html">prosjektsidene</a>
3710
3711 for nye bidragsytere, og ta kontakt med Håvard eller epostlisten
3712 <a href="https://lister.ping.uio.no/mailman/listinfo/i18n-no">i18n-no</a>.
3713 Gode norskkunnskaper er en fordel, og vilje til å sjekke
3714 <a href="http://www.nob-ordbok.uio.no/perl/ordbok.cgi">ordboka</a> et
3715 krav!</p>
3716
3717       </div>
3718       <div class="tags">
3719
3720
3721         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
3722
3723
3724       </div>
3725     </div>
3726     <div class="padding"></div>
3727
3728     <div class="entry">
3729       <div class="title">
3730         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ny_utgave__v2_1__av_den_frie_norske_stavekontrollen_gitt_ut.html">Ny utgave (v2.1) av den frie norske stavekontrollen gitt ut</a>
3731       </div>
3732       <div class="date">
3733          2nd October 2012
3734       </div>
3735       <div class="body">
3736         <p>I helga fikk jeg endelig pakket sammen en ny versjon av den norske
3737 stavekontrollen, og gikk ut versjon 2.1 etter at det var gått fire og
3738 et halvt år siden sist.  I dag fikk vi sendt ut annonseringen.  Her er
3739 det vi sendte ut:</p>
3740
3741 <p>Oslo, 2012-10-02</p>
3742
3743 <p><strong>Pressemelding: Ny utgave av norsk stavekontroll med
3744 synonymordliste</strong></p>
3745
3746 <p>Mer enn fire år etter at forrige utgave av den frie norske
3747 stavekontrollen ble utgitt, er en ny og forbedret versjon klar. Dette er
3748 noe utviklerne er veldig glade for.</p>
3749
3750 <p>Den største endringen er at byggesystemet for stavekontrollen er
3751 skrevet om til å akseptere ord med bindestrek (f.eks. «e-post»). Litt
3752 over 10.000 slike ordformer er lagt til i orddatabasen. I tillegg er
3753 det kommet en del nye ord og rettelser rapportert inn av de frivillige
3754 som gjennomfører korrektur av orddatabasen i prosjektet. For å få
3755 fortgang i dette korrekturarbeidet er det fint med flere frivillige
3756 som kan bidra i prosjektet.</p>
3757
3758 <p><blockquote>
3759  - En god og fritt tilgjengelig stavekontroll er en viktig byggestein
3760    for å fremme bruken av korrekt norsk språk, sier prosjektdeltager
3761    Petter Reinholdtsen.
3762 </blockquote></p>
3763
3764 <p>Takket være samarbeidet med synonymordlisteprosjektet er
3765 synonymordlista for bokmål tilgjengelig sammen med ordlista for bokmål
3766 og nynorsk. En synonymordliste for nynorsk er også med, men den er på
3767 prøvestadiet og meget liten.</p>
3768
3769 <p>Stavekontrollpakken og synonymordlistene brukes i
3770 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org, Koffice, Mozilla Thunderbird, Firefox og
3771 en rekke andre programmer, og på både Windows, Mac OS X, Linux og
3772 BSD.</p>
3773
3774 <p>Det hele utgis under den frie lisensen GPL og kan fritt lastes ned
3775 fra prosjektsidene på
3776 <a href="http://no.speling.org">no.speling.org</a>. Ferdige pakker for
3777 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org er også tilgjengelige fra samme sted.</p>
3778
3779 <p>Det norske stavekontrollprosjektet er i kontakt med lignende
3780 prosjekter for blant annet å forbedre stavekontrollteknologien, å
3781 utveksle verktøy for vedlikehold av orddatabasen og å få tilgang til
3782 relevante datasett. Et av disse prosjektene er et separat prosjekt ved
3783 Sametinget som er i gang med å utvikle samisk stavekontroll for blant
3784 annet Microsoft Word og OpenOffice.org.</p>
3785
3786 <p>Et søsterprosjekt for å lage grammatikk-kontroll for
3787 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org er igangsatt, men har ennå ikke kommet
3788 langt nok til å brukes. Frivillige til å bidra i dette prosjektet er
3789 også svært velkomne.</p>
3790
3791 <p><strong>Kontaktperson</strong></p>
3792
3793 <p><blockquote>
3794 Axel Bojer, prosjektdeltager
3795 <br>E-post: fri_programvare (at) bojer.no
3796 <br>Tlf: +47 954 32 417
3797 </blockquote></p>
3798
3799 <p><strong>Referanser</strong></p>
3800
3801 <ul>
3802
3803 <li>Det frie norske stavekontrollprosjektet for bokmål og nynorsk:
3804     <a href="http://no.speling.org">http://no.speling.org</a></li>
3805 <li>Samiske korrekturverktøy:
3806     <a href="http://divvun.no/">http://divvun.no/</a></li>
3807 <li>Ordlistene fra Norsk ordbank:
3808     <a href="http://www.edd.uio.no/prosjekt/ordbanken/">http://www.edd.uio.no/prosjekt/ordbanken/</a></li>
3809 <li>Last ned ordlistene:
3810     <a href="http://alioth.debian.org/frs/?group_id=30577">http://alioth.debian.org/frs/?group_id=30577</a>
3811     (PS: no_NO-pack2 for OOo 2.x))</li>
3812 </ul>
3813
3814 <p><strong>Fra NEWS-fila i kildekodepakken</strong></p>
3815
3816 <p>Release 2.1 (2012-09-30)</p>
3817
3818 <ul>
3819
3820 <li>Switch to new version scheme. Make new version 2.1, not 2.0.11. We do not
3821     release often enough to justify three digits.</li>
3822 <li>Switch build rules to build OOo v2 thesaurus files, as the v1 build rules
3823     no longer work. This require the libmythes-dev package on Debian.</li>
3824 <li>Introduce new Makefile variables hyphendir and thesdir to make it easier to
3825     control where to install these.</li>
3826 <li>Change script used to import from no.speling.org, to load new word
3827     boundaries if at least two people believed the boundaries was correct.</li>
3828 <li>Added word boundaries for several words (around 500 words) using the
3829     updated script.</li>
3830 <li>Imported thesarus for bokmål from synonymer.merg.net.</li>
3831 <li>Rewrote build rules to use = instead of - as combined word marker, thus
3832     allowing words like e-post.</li>
3833 <li>Imported a lot (around 10k words) of new words with dash (-) in them from
3834     no.speling.org now that it is handled by the build system.</li>
3835 </ul>
3836
3837       </div>
3838       <div class="tags">
3839
3840
3841         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
3842
3843
3844       </div>
3845     </div>
3846     <div class="padding"></div>
3847
3848     <div class="entry">
3849       <div class="title">
3850         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Giorgio_Pioda.html">Debian Edu interview: Giorgio Pioda</a>
3851       </div>
3852       <div class="date">
3853         17th September 2012
3854       </div>
3855       <div class="body">
3856         <p>After a long break in my row of interviews with people in the
3857 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
3858 community, I finally found time to wrap up another.  This time it is
3859 Giorgio Pioda, which showed up on the mailing list at the start of
3860 this year, asking questions and inspiring us to improve the first time
3861 administrators experience with Skolelinux. :) The interview was
3862 conduced in May, but I only found time to publish it now.</p>
3863
3864 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
3865
3866 <p>I have a PhD in chemistry but since several years I work as teacher
3867 in secondary (15-18 year old students) and tertiary (a kind of "light"
3868 university) schools. Five years ago I started to manage a Learning
3869 Management Service server and slowly I got more and more involved with
3870 IT. 3 years ago the graduating schools moved completely to Linux and I
3871 got the head of the IT for this. The experience collected in chemistry
3872 labs computers (for example NMR analysis of protein folding) and in
3873 the IT-courses during university where sufficient to start. Self
3874 training is anyway very important</p>
3875
3876 <p>I live in the Italian speaking part of Switzerland, and the
3877 <a href="http://www.spse.ch/">SPSE school</a> (secondary) is a very
3878 special sport school for young people who try to became sport pro (for
3879 all sports, we have dozens of disciplines represented) and we are
3880 recognised by the Olympic Swiss Organisation.
3881
3882 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
3883 project?</strong></p>
3884
3885 <p>Looking for Linux / Primary Domain Controller (PDC) I found it
3886 already several years ago. But since the system was still not
3887 Kerberized and since our schools relies strongly on laptops I didn't
3888 use it. I plan to introduce it in the next future, probably for the
3889 next school year, since the squeeze release solved this security
3890 hole.</p>
3891
3892 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3893 Edu?</strong></p>
3894
3895 <p>Many. First of all there is a strong and living community that is
3896 very generous for help and hints.  Chat help is crucial, together with
3897 the mailing list.  Second. With Skolelinux you get an already well
3898 engineered platform and you don't have to start to build up your PDC
3899 and your clients from GNU/scratch; I've already done this once and I
3900 can tell it, it is hard. Third, since Skolelinux is a standard
3901 platform, it is way easier to educate other IT people and even if the
3902 head IT is sick another one could pick up the task without too much
3903 hassle.</p>
3904
3905 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3906 Edu?</strong></p>
3907
3908 <p>The only real problem I see is that it is a little too less
3909 flexible at client level. Debian stable is rocky and desirable, but
3910 there are many reasons that force for another choice. For example the
3911 need of new drivers for new PC, or the need for a specific OS for some
3912 devices that have specific software packages for another specific
3913 distribution (I have such a case for whiteboards that have only
3914 Ubuntu packages). Thus, I prepared compatibility packages educlient
3915 and eduroaming, hoping not to use them ;-)</p>
3916
3917 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
3918
3919 <p>I have a Debian Stable PDC at school (Kerberos, NIS, NFS) with
3920 mixed Debian and Ubuntu clients. If you think that this triad
3921 combination is exotic... well I discovered right yesterday that
3922 <a href="http://moo.nac.uci.edu/~hjm/Perceus-Report.html">Perceus</a>
3923 has the same...</p>
3924
3925 <p>For myself I run Debian wheezy/sid, but this combination is good
3926 only I you have enough competence to fix stuff for yourself, if
3927 something breaks.  Daily I use texmacs, gnumeric, a little bit of R
3928 statistics, kmplot, and less frequently OpenOffice.org.</p>
3929
3930 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
3931 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
3932
3933 <P>I think that the only real argument that school managers "hear" is
3934 cost reduction. They don't give too much weight on quality, stability,
3935 just because they are normally not open to change.</p>
3936
3937 <p>Students adapts very quickly to GNU/Linux (and for them being able
3938 to switch between different OS is a plus value); teachers and managers
3939 don't.</p>
3940
3941 <p>We decided to move to Linux because students at our school have own
3942 laptop and we have the responsibility to keep the laptop ready to use;
3943 we were really unsatisfied with Microsoft since every Monday we had 20
3944 machine to fix for viral infections... With Linux this has been
3945 reduced to zero, since people installs almost only from official
3946 repositories. I think that our special needs brought us to Linux.
3947 Those who don't have such needs will hardly move to Linux.</p>
3948
3949       </div>
3950       <div class="tags">
3951
3952
3953         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
3954
3955
3956       </div>
3957     </div>
3958     <div class="padding"></div>
3959
3960     <div class="entry">
3961       <div class="title">
3962         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">Gladoppslag om Skolelinux i avisen Fremover</a>
3963       </div>
3964       <div class="date">
3965         15th August 2012
3966       </div>
3967       <div class="body">
3968         <p>I sommer hadde avisen <a href="http://www.fremover.no/">Fremover</a>
3969 et flott oppslag om bruken av
3970 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> på alle skolene
3971 der.  Artikkelen var på trykk på side 4 og 5 i papirutgaven
3972 2012-07-23, men mangler dessverre i nettutgaven av avisen.  Mine
3973 henvendelser til avisen for å få artikkelen på nett har så langt ikke
3974 vært vellykket.</p>
3975
3976 <p>Artikkelen med tittelen "Narvik kommune bruker gratisprogram i
3977 skolen - Har spart millioner", forteller om hvordan bruken av
3978 Skolelinux er en stor suksess i Narvik siden det ble tatt i bruk i
3979 2004.  Her er noen fine sitater:</p>
3980
3981 <blockquote>
3982 "- Skolelinux har spart kommunen for store pengesummer, millionbeløp,
3983   som de heller kan bruke på andre ting, sier IKT-konsulent Viggo
3984   Fedreheim."
3985 </blockquote>
3986
3987 <p>Avisen forteller at de har fått tilgang til beregninger som viser
3988 at Narvik kommune har spart noe mellom 10 og 20 millioner kroner de
3989 siste 8 årene på å bruke Skolelinux, og fortsetter:</p>
3990
3991 <blockquote>
3992
3993 "Regnestykket tar høyde for sparte kostnader til lisenser som medfølger
3994 de alternative operativsystemene, lavere driftskostnader og lengre
3995 levetid på datautstyret.  Totalt har Narvikskolen en maskinpark på
3996 1600 maskiner fordelt på de 11 skolene fra Skjomen i sør til Bjerkvik
3997 i nord."
3998
3999 </blockquote>
4000
4001 <p>Viggo Fedreheim sier dette om hvor noe av gevinsten kommer fra:</p>
4002
4003 <blockquote>
4004 "- Vi kan gjenbruke gamle maskiner i skolen som er for dårlig andre
4005   steder i kommunen der de ikke bruker Skolelinux.  Levetiden på en
4006   datamaskin blir 3-5 år lenger med Skolelinux.  Vi kaller det for
4007   grønn IT, miljøvennlig IT."
4008 </blockquote>
4009
4010 <p>Her er det mulighet for flere kommuner å få et godt IT-system på
4011 skolene, hvis de er villige til å forsøke.  De som ikke har kompetanse
4012 innomhus kan kjøpe det fra en av de kommersielle leverandørene av
4013 Skolelinux-tjenester, som <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux
4014 Drift AS</a> (der jeg er styremedlem).  Komplett liste er tilgjengelig
4015 via
4016 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Help/ProfessionalHelp">wikien</a>.</p>
4017
4018 <p>Update 2012-08-16: Today I was allowed by Fremover to put the PDF I
4019 received from them with a copy of the article on the Internet.  It is
4020 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/2012-07-23-fremover-narvik.pdf">now
4021 available</a> in the Skolelinux press archive.</p>
4022
4023       </div>
4024       <div class="tags">
4025
4026
4027         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4028
4029
4030       </div>
4031     </div>
4032     <div class="padding"></div>
4033
4034     <div class="entry">
4035       <div class="title">
4036         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Tips_for___bli_med_i_Skolelinux_prosjektet__som_faktisk_er_aktivt_.html">Tips for å bli med i Skolelinux-prosjektet (som faktisk er aktivt)</a>
4037       </div>
4038       <div class="date">
4039         19th July 2012
4040       </div>
4041       <div class="body">
4042         <p>Jeg fikk nettopp spørsmål på epost om Skolelinux-prosjektet lever
4043 fra en som var interessert i å bidra, og måtte jo konstatere at i og
4044 med at spørsmålet ble stilt har prosjektet ikke lyktes med å formidle
4045 sin aktivitet.  Her er det jeg svarte:</p>
4046
4047 <p><blockquote>
4048 <p>Jada, <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektet</a>
4049 lever, men det meste av utvikling foregår nå under paraplyen
4050 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/">Debian Edu</a> som er det
4051 internasjonale navnet på prosjektet.  Dugnaden i Norge organiseres av
4052 medlemsforeningen
4053 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
4054 Skolen</a>, og det finnes minst ett selskap som selger kommersiell
4055 support på løsningen (<a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux
4056 Drift AS</a>, der jeg er styremedlem).  Anbefaler at du melder deg på
4057 epostlisten
4058 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@lists.debian.org</a>
4059 (og debian-edu-announce) og
4060 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">melder deg inn i
4061 foreningen</a> for å få beskjed om aktivitet som planlegges.  Det
4062 planlegges
4063 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering">utviklersamlinger
4064 i august</a> og utover høsten.</p>
4065
4066 <p>Bidra gjerne med å spre ordet om Skolelinux.  Det er alt for få som
4067 bidrar til pressedekning, bloggposter, twittermeldinger, etc. :)</p>
4068
4069 <p>Jeg antar du har funnet
4070 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju/">bloggserien
4071 min med intervjuer</a>.  Det er antagelig også interessant for deg å
4072 følge med på <a href="http://planet.skolelinux.org/">Planet
4073 Skolelinux</a>.</p>
4074
4075 <p>Hm, jeg burde vel blogge alle disse lenkene slik at de blir enklere
4076 å finne...</p>
4077 </blockquote></p>
4078 <p>Herved gjort. :)</p>
4079
4080       </div>
4081       <div class="tags">
4082
4083
4084         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4085
4086
4087       </div>
4088     </div>
4089     <div class="padding"></div>
4090
4091     <div class="entry">
4092       <div class="title">
4093         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__George_Bredberg.html">Debian Edu interview: George Bredberg</a>
4094       </div>
4095       <div class="date">
4096          9th July 2012
4097       </div>
4098       <div class="body">
4099         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
4100 Skolelinux</a> project have users all over the globe, but until
4101 recently we have not known about any users in Norway's neighbour
4102 country Sweden.  This changed when George Bredberg showed up in March
4103 this year on the mailing list, asking interesting questions about how
4104 to adjust and scale the just released
4105 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
4106 Wheezy</a> setup to his liking.  He granted me an interview, and I am
4107 happy to share his answers with you here.</p>
4108
4109 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4110
4111 <p>I'm a 44 year old country guy that have been working 12 years at
4112 the same school as 50% IT-manager and 50% Teacher. My educational
4113 background is fil.kand in history and religious beliefs, an exam as a
4114 "folkhighschool" teacher, that is, for teaching grownups.  In
4115 Norwegian I believe it's called "Vuxenupplaring". I also have a master
4116 in "Technology and social change". So I'm not really a tech guy, I
4117 just like to study how humans and technology interact and that is my
4118 perspective when working with IT.</p>
4119
4120 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
4121 project?</strong></p>
4122
4123 I have followed the Skolelinux project for quite some time by
4124 now. Earlier I tested out the K12-LTSP project, which we used for some
4125 time, but I really like the idea of having a distribution aimed to be
4126 a complete solution for schools with necessary tools integrated. When
4127 K12-LTSP abandoned that idea some years ago, I started to look more
4128 seriously into Skolelinux instead.
4129
4130 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4131 Edu?</strong></p>
4132
4133 The big point of Skolelinux to me is that it is a complete
4134 distribution, ready to install. It has LDAP-support, MS Windows
4135 integration tools and so forth already configured, saving an
4136 administrator a lot of time and headache. We were using another Linux
4137 based thin-client system called Thinlinc, that has served us very
4138 well. But that Skolelinux is based on VNC and LTSP, to me, is better
4139 when it comes to the kind of multimedia used in schools. That is
4140 showing videos from Youtube or educational TV. It is also easier to
4141 mix thin clients with workstations, since the user settings will be the
4142 same. In our VNC-based solution you had to "beat around the bush" by
4143 setting up a second, hidden, home-directory for user settings for the
4144 workstations, because they will be different from the ones used on the
4145 thin clients. Skolelinux support for diskless workstations are very
4146 convenient since a school today often need to use a class room
4147 projector showing videos in full screen. That is easily done with a
4148 small integrated media computer running as a diskless workstation. You
4149 have only two installs to update and configure. One for the thin
4150 clients and one for the workstations. Also saving a lot of time.  Our
4151 old system was also based on Redhat and CentOS. They are both very
4152 nice distributions, but they are sometimes painfully slow when it
4153 comes to updating multimedia support and multimedia programs (even
4154 such as Gimp), leaving us with a bit "oldish" applications. Debian is
4155 quicker to update.
4156
4157 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4158 Edu?</strong></p>
4159
4160 <p>Debian is a bit too quick when it comes to updating. As an example
4161 we use old HP terminals as thinclients, and two times already this
4162 year (2012) the updates you get from the repositories has stopped
4163 sound from working with them.  It's a kernel/ALSA issue. So you have
4164 to be more careful properly testing the updates before you run them in
4165 a production environment. This has never happened with CentOS.</p>
4166
4167 <p>I also would like to be able to set my own domain-settings at
4168 install time.  In Skolelinux they are kind of hard coded into the
4169 distribution, when it comes to LDAP and at least samba integration.
4170 That is more a cosmetic/translation issue, and not a real problem.
4171 Running MS Windows applications within the Skolelinux environment needs
4172 to be better supported. That is, running them seamlessly via RDP, and
4173 support for single-sign on.  That will make the transition to free
4174 software easier, because you can keep the applications you really
4175 need.  No support will make it impossible if you work in a school where
4176 some applications can't be open source. As for us we really need to
4177 run Adobe InDesign in our journalist classes.  We run a journalist
4178 education, and is one of the very few non university ones that is ok:d
4179 by Svenska journalistförbundet (Swedish journalist association).  Our
4180 education gives the pupils the right of membership there, once they
4181 are done.  This is important if you want to get a job.</p>
4182
4183 <p>Adobe InDesign is the program most commonly used in newspapers and
4184 magazines.  We used Quark Express before, but they seem to loose there
4185 market to Adobe. The only "equivalent" to InDesign in the opensource
4186 world is Scribus, and its not advanced enough. At least not according
4187 to the teacher. I think it would be possible to use it, because they
4188 are not supposed to learn a program, they are supposed to learn how to
4189 edit and compile a newspaper.  But politically at our school we are not
4190 there yet.  And Scribus lacks a lot of things you find i InDesign.</p>
4191
4192 <p>We used even a windows program for sound editing when it comes to
4193 the radio-journalist part. The year to come we are going to try
4194 Audacity. That software has the same kind of limitations compared to
4195 Adobe Audition, but that teacher is a bit more open minded. We have
4196 tried Ardour also, but that instead is more like a music studio
4197 program, not intended for the kind of editing taking place in a radio
4198 studio. Its way to complex and the GUI is to scattered when you only
4199 want to cut, make pass-overs, add extra channels and normalise.  Those
4200 things you can do in Audacity, but its not as easy as in Audition. You
4201 have to do more things manually with envelopes, and that is a bit old
4202 fashion and timewasting. Its also harder to cut and move sound from
4203 one channel to another, which is a thing that you do frequently
4204 because you often find yourself needing to rearrange parts of the
4205 sound file.</p>
4206
4207 <p>So, I am not sure we will succeed in replacing even Audition, but we
4208 will try.  The problem is the students have certain expectations when
4209 they start an education towards a profession.  So the programs has to
4210 look and feel professional.  Good thing with radio, there are many
4211 programs out there, that radio studios use, so its not as standardised
4212 as Newspaper editing. That means, it does not really matter what
4213 program they learn, because once they start working they still have to
4214 learn the program the studio uses, so instead focus has to be to learn
4215 the editing part without to much focus on a specific software.</p>
4216
4217 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4218
4219 <p>Myself I'm running Linux Mint, or Ubuntu these days.  I use almost
4220 only open source software, and preferably Linux based. When it comes
4221 to most used applications its OpenOffice, and Firefox (of course ;)
4222 )</p>
4223
4224 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4225 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4226
4227 <p>To get schools to use free software there has to be good open
4228 source software that are windows based, to ease the transition. But
4229 it's also very important that the multimedia support is working
4230 flawlessly.  The problems with Youtube, Twitter, Facebook and whatever
4231 will create problems when it comes to both teachers and
4232 students. Economy are also important for schools, so using thin
4233 clients, as long as they have good multimedia support, is a very good
4234 idea. It's also important that the open source software works even for
4235 the administration.  It's hard to convince the teachers to stick with
4236 open source, if the principal has to run Windows.  It also creates a
4237 problem if some classes has to use Windows for there tasks, since that
4238 will create a difference in "status" between classes, so a good
4239 support for running windows applications via the thin client (Linux)
4240 desktop is essential.  At least at our school, where we have mixed
4241 level of educations, from high-school to journalist-school.</p>
4242
4243 <p>Update 2012-07-09 08:30: Paul Wise tipped me on IRC about three
4244 useful sources related to Free Software for radio stations: the LWN
4245 article <a href="https://lwn.net/Articles/481607/">Radio station
4246 management with Airtime</a>,
4247 <a href="http://www.sourcefabric.org/en/airtime/">Airtime</a> which
4248 claim to be a Free open source radio automation software and
4249 <a href="http://www.rivendellaudio.org/">Rivendell</a> which claim to
4250 be complete radio broadcast automation solution.  All of them seem
4251 useful to the aspiring radio producer.</p>
4252
4253       </div>
4254       <div class="tags">
4255
4256
4257         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4258
4259
4260       </div>
4261     </div>
4262     <div class="padding"></div>
4263
4264     <div class="entry">
4265       <div class="title">
4266         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_do_schools_waste_money_on_IT_.html">Why do schools waste money on IT?</a>
4267       </div>
4268       <div class="date">
4269          8th July 2012
4270       </div>
4271       <div class="body">
4272         <p>In the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project, we have realised that one
4273 of the major blockers for the project success is the purchasing skills
4274 in schools and municipalities.  We provide what the happy users of
4275 Debian Edu / Skolelinux say they need and to a lower cost than the
4276 alternatives, and yet so few schools decide to use our solution.  I
4277 was pleased to discover the same observation done by mySociety and Tom
4278 Steinberg in his blog post
4279 "<a href="http://www.mysociety.org/2012/06/19/can-you-recognize-the-million-pound-chair/">Can
4280 you recognize the million pound chair?</a>".  Read it and weep for the
4281 spending of your tax money.</p>
4282
4283 <p>Of course there are other factors involved as well, like our
4284 projects bad marketing skills and the Linux community fragmentation
4285 causing worry with the people on the outside, so we as a project need
4286 to keep working hard to gain users, but it is a up-hill battle when
4287 public decision makers are unable to understand computer system
4288 purchases.</p>
4289
4290       </div>
4291       <div class="tags">
4292
4293
4294         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4295
4296
4297       </div>
4298     </div>
4299     <div class="padding"></div>
4300
4301     <div class="entry">
4302       <div class="title">
4303         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Free_Timetabling_Software___nice_free_software.html">Free Timetabling Software - nice free software</a>
4304       </div>
4305       <div class="date">
4306          7th July 2012
4307       </div>
4308       <div class="body">
4309         <p>Included in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
4310 Skolelinux</a> is a large collection of end user and school specific
4311 software.  It is one of the packages not installed by default but
4312 provided in the Debian archive for schools to install if they want to,
4313 is a system to automatically plan the school time table using
4314 information about available teachers, classes and rooms, combined with
4315 the list of required courses and how many hours each topic should
4316 receive.  The software is
4317
4318 <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/">named FET</a>, and it provide a
4319 graphical user interface to input the required information, save the
4320 result in a fairly simple XML format, and generate time tables for
4321 both teachers and students.  It is available both for
4322 <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/download.html">Linux, MacOSX and
4323 Windows</a>.</p>
4324
4325 <p>This is <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/features.html">the
4326 feature list</a>, liftet from the project web site:</p>
4327
4328 <p><ul>
4329
4330   <li>FET is free software, licensed under the GNU GPL v2 or later.
4331     You can freely use, copy, modify and redistribute it </li>
4332
4333   <li>Localized to en_US (US English, default), ar (Arabic), ca
4334     (Catalan), da (Danish), de (German), el (Greek), es (Spanish), fa
4335     (Persian), fr (French), gl (Galician), he (Hebrew), hu
4336     (Hungarian), id (Indonesian), it (Italian), lt (Lithuanian), mk
4337     (Macedonian), ms (Malay), nl (Dutch), pl (Polish), pt_BR
4338     (Brazilian Portuguese), ro (Romanian), ru (Russian), si (Sinhala),
4339     sk (Slovak), sr (Serbian), tr (Turkish), uk (Ukrainian), uz
4340     (Uzbek) and vi (Vietnamese) (incompletely for some languages)
4341     </li>
4342
4343   <li>Fully automatic generation algorithm, allowing also
4344     semi-automatic or manual allocation</li>
4345
4346   <li>Platform independent implementation, allowing running on
4347     GNU/Linux, Windows, Mac and any system that Qt supports </li>
4348
4349   <li>Flexible modular XML format for the input file, allowing editing
4350     with an XML editor or by hand (besides FET interface)</li>
4351
4352   <li>Import/export from CSV format</li>
4353
4354   <li>The resulted timetables are exported into HTML, XML and CSV
4355     formats </li>
4356
4357   <li>Flexible students structure, organized into sets: years, groups
4358     and subgroups. FET allows overlapping years and groups and
4359     non-overlapping subgroups. You can even define individual students
4360     (as separate sets)</li>
4361
4362   <li>Each constraint has a weight percentage, from 0.0% to 100.0%
4363     (but some special constraints are allowed to have only 100% weight
4364     percentage)</li>
4365
4366   <li>Limits for the algorithm (all these limits can be increased on
4367     demand, as a custom version, because this would require a bit more
4368     memory):
4369     <ul>
4370       <li>Maximum total number of hours (periods) per day: 60</li>
4371       <li>Maximum number of working days per week: 35</li>
4372       <li>Maximum total number of teachers: 6000</li>
4373       <li>Maximum total number of sets of students: 30000</li>
4374       <li>Maximum total number of subjects: 6000</li>
4375       <li>Virtually unlimited number of activity tags</li>
4376       <li>Maximum number of activities: 30000</li>
4377       <li>Maximum number of rooms: 6000</li>
4378       <li>Maximum number of buildings: 6000</li>
4379       <li>Possibility of adding multiple teachers and
4380           students sets for each activity.  (it is possible
4381           also to have no teachers or no students sets for an
4382           activity)</li>
4383       <li>Virtually unlimited number of time constraints</li>
4384       <li>Virtually unlimited number of space constraints</li>
4385     </ul></li>
4386
4387   <li>A large and flexible palette of time constraints:
4388     <ul>
4389       <li>Break periods</li>
4390       <li>For teacher(s):
4391         <ul>
4392           <li>Not available periods</li>
4393           <li>Max/min days per week</li>
4394           <li>Max gaps per day/week</li>
4395           <li>Max hours daily/continuously</li>
4396           <li>Min hours daily</li>
4397           <li>Max hours daily/continuously with an activity tag</li>
4398
4399           <li>Respect working in an hourly interval a max number of
4400             days per week</li>
4401         </ul></li>
4402       <li>For students (sets):
4403         <ul>
4404           <li>Not available periods</li>
4405           <li>Begins early (specify max allowed beginnings at second hour)</li>
4406           <li>Max gaps per day/week</li>
4407           <li>Max hours daily/continuously</li>
4408           <li>Min hours daily</li>
4409           <li>Max hours daily/continuously with an activity tag</li>
4410
4411           <li>Respect working in an hourly interval a max number of
4412             days per week</li>
4413         </ul></li>
4414       <li>For an activity or a set of activities/subactivities:
4415         <ul>
4416           <li>A single preferred starting time</li>
4417           <li>A set of preferred starting times</li>
4418           <li>A set of preferred time slots</li>
4419           <li>Min/max days between them</li>
4420           <li>End(s) students day</li>
4421           <li>Same starting time/day/hour</li>
4422           <li>Occupy max time slots from selection (a complex and
4423             flexible constraint, useful in many situations)</li>
4424           <li>Consecutive, ordered, grouped (for 2 or 3 (sub)activities)</li>
4425           <li>Not overlapping</li>
4426           <li>Max simultaneous in selected time slots</li>
4427           <li>Min gaps between a set of (sub)activities</li>
4428         </ul></li>
4429     </ul></li>
4430
4431   <li>A large and flexible palette of space constraints:
4432     <ul>
4433       <li>Room not available periods</li>
4434       <li>For teacher(s):
4435         <ul>
4436           <li>Home room(s)</li>
4437           <li>Max building changes per day/week</li>
4438           <li>Min gaps between building changes</li>
4439         </ul>
4440       </li>
4441
4442       <li>For students (sets):
4443         <ul>
4444           <li>Home room(s)</li>
4445           <li>Max building changes per day/week</li>
4446           <li>Min gaps between building changes</li>
4447         </ul>
4448       </li>
4449       <li>Preferred room(s):
4450         <ul>
4451           <li>For a subject</li>
4452           <li>For an activity tag</li>
4453           <li>For a subject and an activity tag</li>
4454           <li>Individually for a (sub)activity</li>
4455         </ul>
4456       </li>
4457
4458       <li>For a set of activities:
4459         <ul>
4460           <li>Occupy a maximum number of different rooms</li>
4461         </ul>
4462       </li>
4463     </ul>
4464   </li>
4465 </ul></p>
4466
4467 <p>I have not used it myself, as I am not involved in time table
4468 planning at a school, but it seem to work fine when I test it.  If you
4469 need to set up your schools time table, and is tired of doing it
4470 manually, check it out.
4471
4472 A quick summary on how to use it can be found in
4473 <a href="http://marvelsoft.co.in/wp/2012/03/generate-timetable-for-state-cbse-icse-igcse-schools-free/">a
4474 blog post from MarvelSoft</a>.  If you find FET useful, please provide
4475 a recipe for the Debian Edu project in the
4476 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu#Howtos">Debian Edu HowTo
4477 section</a>.</p>
4478
4479       </div>
4480       <div class="tags">
4481
4482
4483         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4484
4485
4486       </div>
4487     </div>
4488     <div class="padding"></div>
4489
4490     <div class="entry">
4491       <div class="title">
4492         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Markus_Gamenius.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Markus Gamenius</a>
4493       </div>
4494       <div class="date">
4495         30th June 2012
4496       </div>
4497       <div class="body">
4498         <p>Tidligere leder av
4499 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no">foreningen som
4500 organiserer Skolelinux-dugnaden</a>, Markus Gamenius , har i vår vært
4501 i media og
4502 <a href="http://www.dn.no/privatokonomi/article2345489.ece">debattert
4503 skattepolitikk</a>, og det fikk meg til å høre om han kunne lokkes til
4504 å fortelle om hans inntrykk nå, etter at han ble lokket bort fra
4505 Linux- og <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-verden
4506 for å overta familiebedriften.  Her har vi hans betraktninger i dag,
4507 noen måneder etter at
4508 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Skolelinux
4509 Squeeze</a>-utgaven ble gitt ut.</p>
4510
4511 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
4512
4513 <p>Jeg heter Markus Gamenius og er 40 år.  Utdannet biolog med ymse
4514 fag på siden.  Har jobbet som lærer der jeg var driftsansvarlig på
4515 Ulsrud VGS i Oslo.  Senere eide og jobbet jeg flere år i Linuxlabs AS,
4516 som jeg solgte til Redpill Linpro AS (den gangen Linpro AS).  I dag
4517 jobber jeg med ulike investeringer, hovedsaklig i eiendom, men også i
4518 en del ulike IT-relaterte bedrifter.</p>
4519
4520 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
4521
4522 <p>Fruen og jeg dro på en lengre seiltur i 2000, der jeg måtte ha "noe
4523 å gjøre" under hjemturen over Atlanteren.  Jeg kjøpte et par bøker om
4524 Linux i en bokhandel i New York og ble veldig fascinert.  Etter
4525 hjemkomsten begynte jeg å jobbe på Ulsrud VGS, som naturfagslærer, men
4526 som IT-interessert ble jeg fort en del av den nye IT-satsningen som
4527 skulle løfte Ulsrud og gi skolen en bedre rykte.  Vi hadde ganske
4528 mange maskiner, som gikk på Win98 og to servere som ble oppgradert til
4529 Win2000.  Systemene var ustabil og dårlige.  På leting etter noe
4530 bedre, uten å knekke ryggen økonomisk, kom jeg over "Linux i Skolen"
4531 og Skolelinux.  Jeg tok kontakt med miljøet og en gjeng møtte opp på
4532 skolen, der vi gjorde en liten testinstallasjon.  Etter et par år var
4533 ryggraden på skolen Linux (Skolelinux) og vi hadde flere hundre
4534 maskiner, både tynne klienter (gamle og nye), bærbare (Debian) og noen
4535 stasjonære (Win2000).  På et tidspunkt var Ulsrud den råeste IT-skolen
4536 og det irriterte skolesjefen i Oslo, da de satset hardt på
4537 Windows.</p>
4538
4539 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
4540
4541 <p>Det som gjorde at vi fikk inn Skolelinux var ene og alene
4542 økonomiske.  Det faktum at vi slapp å kjøpe masse nye lisenser og at
4543 vi kunne bruke gammel hardware.  Alt i alt gjorde dette at vi sparte
4544 mye, men i stede for å bruke mindre på IT brukte vi det vi sparte på å
4545 skaffe mer hardware og på den måten gi det beste tilbudet i landet til
4546 våre elever.  For oss som driftet var det himmel å ha et system som
4547 gikk å administrere sentralt og effektivt.  Det var heller ikke så
4548 dumt at vi kunne "låse" maskinene mer effektivt enn vi kunne med
4549 Microsoft Windows, slik at vi slapp mye feil og problemer som ble
4550 forårsaket av "kreative" elever.</p>
4551
4552 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
4553
4554 <p>Det vi slet med var mangelen av en del programmer lærerne ville ha.
4555 Husker ikke alle, men det var et knippe med pedagogiske programmer de
4556 ikke fikk.  I dag tror jeg det problemet er langt mindre da det meste
4557 av disse kjøres gjennom nettleseren.</p>
4558
4559 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
4560
4561 <p>Jeg bruker mye Apple i dag og er ikke så stolt av det, men jeg har
4562 både OpenOffice, Firefox og en del andre programmer på den bærbare.
4563 Firefox brukes mest av disse.  På Apple-serveren hjemme bruker jeg
4564 HandBrake mye, og jeg har installert OpenWRT på flere av
4565 basestasjonene både hjemme og på jobben.  I tillegg til det har jeg i
4566 flere år finansiert et prosjekt som heter
4567 <a href="http://www.found.no/">Found IT</a>.  Dette er et prosjekt der
4568 vi lager et rammeverk for søk, der alt vi bruker fri programvare.  Det
4569 er Alex Brasetvik som er daglig leder i Found IT.</p>
4570
4571 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
4572 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
4573
4574 <p>Når det gjelder IT og skole er fortsatt økonomi veldig viktig.  Så
4575 man må oppfylle minimumskravene (ikke være best, men bra nok) og selge
4576 seg inn på hvor mye man sparer.  Det betyr selvsagt at man sparer på
4577 lisenser, men også på driftsinnsats.  Men nå når jeg ikke er en aktiv
4578 del av miljøet lenger hører jeg nesten ingen ting om fri programvare.
4579 Jeg stiller meg da spørsmålet om det har blitt stille rundt miljøet,
4580 eller om jeg kun så det tydeligere før når jeg var aktiv? Uansett er
4581 det for stille rundt Skolelinux-prosjektet nå.</p>
4582
4583       </div>
4584       <div class="tags">
4585
4586
4587         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4588
4589
4590       </div>
4591     </div>
4592     <div class="padding"></div>
4593
4594     <div class="entry">
4595       <div class="title">
4596         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Jos__Luis_Redrejo_Rodr_guez.html">Debian Edu interview: José Luis Redrejo Rodríguez</a>
4597       </div>
4598       <div class="date">
4599         26th June 2012
4600       </div>
4601       <div class="body">
4602         <p>I've been too busy at home, but finally I found time to wrap up
4603 another interview with the people behind
4604 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>.
4605 This time we get to know José Luis Redrejo Rodríguez, one of our great
4606 helpers from Spain.  His effort was the reason we added support for
4607 several desktop types (KDE, Gnome and most recently LXDE) in Debian
4608 Edu, and have all of these available in the recently published
4609 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
4610 Squeeze</a> version.</p>
4611
4612 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4613
4614 <p>I'm a father, teacher and engineer who is working for the Education
4615 ministry of the Region of Extremadura (Spain) in the implementation of
4616 ICT in schools</p>
4617
4618 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
4619 project?</strong></p>
4620
4621 <p>At 2006, I verified that both, we in Extremadura and Skolelinux
4622 project, had been working in parallel for some years, doing very
4623 similar things, using very similar tools and with similar targets, so
4624 I decided it was time to join forces as much as possible.</p>
4625
4626 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4627 Edu?</strong></p>
4628
4629 <p>A community of highly skilled experts working together, with a
4630 really open schema of collaboration and work. I really love the
4631 concepts of Do-ocracy and Merit-ocracy and the way these concepts are
4632 been used everyday inside Debian Edu.</p>
4633
4634 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4635 Edu?</strong></p>
4636
4637 <p>Sometimes the differences in the implementations, laws or
4638 economical and technical resources in the different countries don't
4639 allow us to agree in the same solution for all of us, and several
4640 approaches are needed, what is a waste of effort. Also, there is a
4641 lack of more man power to be able to follow the fast evolution of the
4642 technologies in school.</p>
4643
4644 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4645
4646 <p>Debian, of course, and due to my kind of job I am most of my time
4647 between Iceweasel, <a href="http://www.geany.org/">Geany</a> and
4648 <a href="http://www.ohloh.net/p/gnome-terminator">Terminator</a>.</p>
4649
4650 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4651 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4652
4653 <p>I think there is not a single strategy because there are very
4654 different scenarios: schools with mixed proprietary and free
4655 environments, schools using only workstations, other schools using
4656 laptops, netbooks, tablets, interactive white-boards, etc.</p>
4657
4658 <p>Also the range of ages of the students is very broad and you can
4659 not use the same solutions for primary schools and secondary or even
4660 universities. So different strategies are needed.</p>
4661
4662 <p>But, looking at these differences, and looking back to the things
4663 we've done and implemented, and the places were we have spent most of
4664 our forces, I think we should focus as much as possible in free
4665 multi-platform environments, using only standards tools, and moving
4666 more and more to Internet or network solutions that could be deployed
4667 using wireless. I think we'll see more and more personal devices in
4668 the schools, devices the students and teachers will take home with
4669 them, so the solutions must be able to be taken at home and continue
4670 working there.</p>
4671
4672       </div>
4673       <div class="tags">
4674
4675
4676         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4677
4678
4679       </div>
4680     </div>
4681     <div class="padding"></div>
4682
4683     <div class="entry">
4684       <div class="title">
4685         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu___some_ideas_for_the_future_versions.html">Debian Edu - some ideas for the future versions</a>
4686       </div>
4687       <div class="date">
4688         11th June 2012
4689       </div>
4690       <div class="body">
4691         <p>During my work on
4692 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.nb.html">Debian Edu
4693 based on Squeeze</a>, I came across some issues that should be
4694 addressed in the Wheezy release.  I finally found time to wrap up my
4695 notes and provide quick summary of what I found, with a bit
4696 explanation.</p>
4697
4698 <p><ul>
4699
4700 <li>We need to rewrite our package installation framework, as tasksel
4701 changed from using tasksel tasks to using meta packages (aka packages
4702 with dependencies like our education-* packages), and our installation
4703 system depend on tasksel tasks in
4704 /usr/share/tasksel/debian-edu-tasks.desc for package
4705 installation.</li>
4706
4707 <li>Enable Kerberos login for more services.  Now with the Kerberos
4708 foundation in place, we should use it to get single sign on with more
4709 services, and avoiding unneeded password / login questions.  We should
4710 at least try to enable it for these services:
4711 <ul>
4712
4713   <li>CUPS for admins to add/configure printers and users when using
4714     quotas.</li>
4715   <li>Nagios for admins checking the system status.</li>
4716   <li>GOsa for admins updating LDAP and users changing their passwords.</li>
4717   <li>LDAP for admins updating LDAP.</li>
4718   <li>Squid for users when exam mode / filtering is active.</li>
4719   <li>ssh for admins and users to save a password prompt.</li>
4720
4721 </ul></li>
4722
4723 <li>When we move GOsa to use Kerberos instead of LDAP bind to
4724 authenticate users, we should try to block or at least limit access to
4725 use LDAP bind for authentication, to ensure Kerberos is used when it
4726 is intended, and nothing fall back to using the less safe LDAP bind</li>
4727
4728 <li>Merge debian-edu-config and debian-edu-install.  The split made
4729 sense when d-e-install did a lot more, but these days it is just an
4730 inconvenience when we update the debconf preseeding values.</li>
4731
4732 <li>Fix partman-auto to allow us to abort the installation before
4733 touching the disk if the disk is too small.  This is
4734 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/653305">BTS report #653305</a> and the
4735 d-i developers are fine with the patch and someone just need to apply
4736 it and upload.  After this is done we need to adjust
4737 debian-edu-install to use this new hook.</li>
4738
4739 <li>Adjust to new LTSP framework (boot time config instead of install
4740 time config).  LTSP changed its design, and our hooks to install
4741 packages and update the configuration is most likely not going to work
4742 in Wheezy.
4743
4744 <li>Consider switching to NBD instead of NFS for LTSP root, to allow
4745 the Kernel to cache files in its normal file cache, possibly speeding
4746 up KDE login on slow networks.</li>
4747
4748 <li>Make it possible to create expired user passwords that need to
4749 change on first login.  This is useful when handing out password on
4750 paper, to make sure only the user know the password.  This require
4751 fixes to the PAM handling of kdm and gdm.</li>
4752
4753 <li>Make GUI for adding new machines automatically from sitesummary.
4754 The current command line script is not very friendly to people most
4755 familiar with GUIs.  This should probably be integrated into GOsa to
4756 have it available where the admin will be looking for it..</li>
4757
4758 <li>We should find way for Nagios to check that the DHCP service
4759 actually is working (as in handling out IP addresses).  None of the
4760 Nagios checks I have found so far have been working for me.</li>
4761
4762 <li>We should switch from libpam-nss-ldapd to sssd for all profiles
4763 using LDAP, and not only on for roaming workstations, to have less
4764 packages to configure and consistent setup across all profiles.</li>
4765
4766 <li>We should configure Kerberos to update LDAP and Samba password
4767 when changing password using the Kerberos protocol.  The hook was
4768 requested in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/588968">BTS report
4769 #588968</a> and is now available in Wheezy.  We might need to write a
4770 MIT Kerberos plugin in C to get this.</li>
4771
4772 <li>We should clean up the set of applications installed by default.
4773 <ul>
4774
4775 <li>reduce the number of chemistry visualisers</li>
4776 <li>consider dropping xpaint</li>
4777 <li>and probably more?</li>
4778 </ul></li>
4779
4780 <li>Some hardware need external firmware to work properly.  This is
4781 mostly the case for WiFi network cards, but there are some other
4782 examples too.  For popular laptops to work out of the box, such
4783 firmware need to be installed from non-free, and we should provide
4784 some GUI to do this.  Ubuntu already have this implemented, and we
4785 could consider using their packages.  At the moment we have some
4786 command line script to do this (one for the running system, another
4787 for the LTSP chroot).</li>
4788
4789
4790 <li>In Squeeze, we provide KDE, Gnome and LXDE as desktop options.  We
4791 should extend the list to Xfce and Sugar, and preferably find a way to
4792 install several and allow the admin or the user to select which one to
4793 use.</li>
4794
4795 <li>The golearn tool from the goplay package make it easy to check out
4796 interesting educational packages.  We should work on the package
4797 tagging in Debian to ensure it represent all the useful educational
4798 packages, and extend the tool to allow it to use packagekit to install
4799 new applications with a simple mouse click.</li>
4800
4801 <li>The Squeeze version got half a exam solution already in place,
4802 with the introduction of iptable based network blocking, but for it to
4803 be a complete exam solution the Squid proxy need to enable
4804 filtering/blocking as well when the exam mode is enabled.  We should
4805 implement a way to easily enable this for the schools that want it,
4806 instead of the "it is documented" method of today.</li>
4807
4808 <li>A feature used in several schools is the ability for a teacher to
4809 "take over" the desktop of individual or all computers in the room.
4810 There are at least three implementations,
4811 <a href="italc.sourceforge.net/">italc</a>,
4812 <a href="http://www.itais.net/help/en/">controlaula</a> og
4813 <a href="http://www.epoptes.org/">epoptes</a> and we should pick one of
4814 them and make it trivial to set it up in a school.  The challenges is
4815 how to distribute crypto keys and how to group computers in one room
4816 and how to set up which machine/user can control the machines in a
4817 given room.</li>
4818
4819 <li>Tablets and surf boards are getting more and more popular, and we
4820 should look into providing a good solution for integrating these into
4821 the Debian Edu network.  Not quite sure how.  Perhaps we should
4822 provide a installation profile with better touch screen support for
4823 them, or add some sync services to allow them to exchange
4824 configuration and data with the central server.  This should be
4825 investigated.</li>
4826
4827 </ul></p>
4828
4829 <p>I guess we will discover more as we continue to work on the Wheezy
4830 version.</p>
4831
4832       </div>
4833       <div class="tags">
4834
4835
4836         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4837
4838
4839       </div>
4840     </div>
4841     <div class="padding"></div>
4842
4843     <div class="entry">
4844       <div class="title">
4845         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Mike_Gabriel.html">Debian Edu interview: Mike Gabriel</a>
4846       </div>
4847       <div class="date">
4848          2nd June 2012
4849       </div>
4850       <div class="body">
4851         <p>Back in 2010, Mike Gabriel showed up on the
4852 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
4853 mailing list.  He quickly proved to be a valuable developer, and
4854 thanks to his tireless effort we now have Kerberos integrated into the
4855 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
4856 Squeeze</a> version.</p>
4857
4858 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4859
4860 <p>My name is Mike Gabriel, I am 38 years old and live near Kiel,
4861 Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. I live together with a wonderful partner
4862 (Angela Fuß) and two own children and two bonus children (contributed
4863 by Angela).</p>
4864
4865 <p>During the day I am part-time employed as a system administrator
4866 and part-time working as an IT consultant. The consultancy work
4867 touches free software topics wherever and whenever possible. During
4868 the nights I am a free software developer. In the gaps I also train in
4869 becoming an osteopath.</p>
4870
4871 <p>Starting in 2010 we (Andreas Buchholz, Angela Fuß, Mike Gabriel)
4872 have set up a free software project in the area of Kiel that aims at
4873 introducing free software into schools. The project's name is
4874 "IT-Zukunft Schule" (IT future for schools). The project links IT
4875 skills with communication skills.</p>
4876
4877 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
4878 project?</strong></p>
4879
4880 <p>While preparing our own customised Linux distribution for
4881 "IT-Zukunft Schule" we were repeatedly asked if we really wanted to
4882 reinvent the wheel. What schools really need is already available,
4883 people said.  From this impulse we started evaluating other Linux
4884 distributions that target being used for school networks.</p>
4885
4886 <p>At the end we short-listed two approaches and compared them: a
4887 commercial Linux distribution developed by a company in Bremen,
4888 Germany, and Skolelinux / Debian Edu. Between 12/2010 and 03/2011 we
4889 went to several events and met people being responsible for marketing
4890 and development of either of the distributions. Skolelinux / Debian
4891 Edu was by far much more convincing compared to the other product that
4892 got short-listed beforehand--across the full spectrum. What was most
4893 attractive for me personally: the perspective of collaboration within
4894 the developmental branch of the Debian Edu project itself.</p>
4895
4896 <p>In parallel with this, we talked to many local and not-so-local
4897 people.  People teaching at schools, headmasters, politicians, data
4898 protection experts, other IT professionals.</p>
4899
4900 <p>We came to two conclusions:</p>
4901
4902 <p>First, a technical conclusion: What schools need is available in
4903 bits and pieces here and there, and none of the solutions really fit
4904 by 100%. Any school we have seen has a very individual IT setup
4905 whereas most of each school's requirements could mapped by a standard
4906 IT solution.  The requirement to this IT solution is flexibility and
4907 customisability, so that individual adaptations here and there are
4908 possible.  In terms of re-distributing and rolling out such a
4909 standardised IT system for schools (a system that is still to some
4910 degree customisable) there is still a lot of work to do here
4911 locally. Debian Edu / Skolelinux has been our choice as the starting
4912 point.</p>
4913
4914 <p>Second, a holistic conclusion: What schools need does not exist at
4915 all (or we missed it so far). There are several technical solutions
4916 for handling IT at schools that tend to make a good impression. What
4917 has been missing completely here in Germany, though, is the enrolment
4918 of people into using IT and teaching with IT. "IT-Zukunft Schule"
4919 tries to provide an approach for this.</p>
4920
4921 <p>Only some schools have some sort of a media concept which explains,
4922 defines and gives guidance on how to use IT in class. Most schools in
4923 Northern Germany do not have an IT service provider, the school's IT
4924 equipment is managed by one or (if the school is lucky) two (admin)
4925 teachers, most of the workload these admin teachers get done in there
4926 spare time.</p>
4927
4928 <p>We were surprised that only a very few admin teachers were
4929 networked with colleagues from other schools. Basically, every school
4930 here around has its individual approach of providing IT equipment to
4931 teachers and students and the exchange of ideas has been quasi
4932 non-existent until 2010/2011.</p>
4933
4934 <p>Quite some (non-admin) teachers try to avoid using IT technology in
4935 class as a learning medium completely. Several reasons for this
4936 avoidance do exist.</p>
4937
4938 <p>We discovered that no-one has ever taken a closer look at this
4939 social part of IT management in schools, so far. On our quest journey
4940 for a technical IT solution for schools, we discussed this issue with
4941 several teachers, headmasters, politicians, other IT professionals and
4942 they all confirmed: a holistic approach of considering IT management
4943 at schools, an approach that includes the people in place, will be new
4944 and probably a gain for all.</p>
4945
4946 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4947 Edu?</strong></p>
4948
4949 <p>There is a list of advantages: international context, openness to
4950 any kind of contributions, do-ocracy policy, the closeness to Debian,
4951 the different installation scenarios possible (from stand-alone
4952 workstation to complex multi-server sites), the transparency within
4953 project communication, honest communication within the group of
4954 developers, etc.</p>
4955
4956 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4957 Edu?</strong></p>
4958
4959 <p>Every coin has two sides:</p>
4960
4961 <p>Technically: <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/311188">BTS issue
4962 #311188</a>, tricky upgradability of a Debian Edu main server, network
4963 client installations on top of a plain vanilla Debian installation
4964 should become possible sometime in the near future, one could think
4965 about splitting the very complex package debian-edu-config into
4966 several portions (to make it easier for new developers to
4967 contribute).</p>
4968
4969 <p>Another issue I see is that we (as Debian Edu developers) should
4970 find out more about the network of people who do the marketing for
4971 Debian Edu / Skolelinux. There is a very active group in Germany
4972 promoting Skolelinux on the bigger Linux Days within Germany. Are
4973 there other groups like that in other countries? How can we bring
4974 these marketing people together (marketing group A with group B and
4975 all of them with the group of Debian Edu developers)? During the last
4976 meeting of the German Skolelinux group, I got the impression of people
4977 there being rather disconnected from the development department of
4978 Debian Edu / Skolelinux.</p>
4979
4980 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4981
4982 <p>For my daily business, I do not use commercial software at all.</p>
4983
4984 <p>For normal stuff I use Iceweasel/Firefox, Libreoffice.org. For
4985 serious text writing I prefer LaTeX. I use gimp, inkscape, scribus for
4986 more artistic tasks. I run virtual machines in KVM and Virtualbox.</p>
4987
4988 <p>I am one of the upstream developers of X2Go. In 2010 I started the
4989 development of a Python based X2Go Client, called PyHoca-GUI.
4990 PyHoca-GUI has brought forth a Python X2Go Client API that currently
4991 is being integrated in Ubuntu's software center.</p>
4992
4993 <p>For communications I have my own Kolab server running using Horde
4994 as web-based groupware client. For IRC I love to use irssi, for Jabber
4995 I have several clients that I use, mostly pidgin, though. I am also
4996 the Debian maintainer of Coccinella, a Jabber-based interactive
4997 whiteboard.</p>
4998
4999 <p>My favourite terminal emulator is KDE's Yakuake.</p>
5000
5001 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5002 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5003
5004 <p>Communicate, communicate, communicate. Enrol people, enrol people,
5005 enrol people.</p>
5006
5007       </div>
5008       <div class="tags">
5009
5010
5011         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5012
5013
5014       </div>
5015     </div>
5016     <div class="padding"></div>
5017
5018     <div class="entry">
5019       <div class="title">
5020         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Ralf_Gesellensetter.html">Debian Edu interview: Ralf Gesellensetter</a>
5021       </div>
5022       <div class="date">
5023         27th May 2012
5024       </div>
5025       <div class="body">
5026         <p>In 2003, a German teacher showed up on the
5027 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
5028 mailing list with interesting problems and reports proving he setting
5029 up Linux for a (for us at the time) lot of pupils.  His name was Ralf
5030 Gesellensetter, and he has been an important tester and contributor
5031 since then, helping to make sure the
5032 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
5033 Squeeze</a> release became as good as it is..</p>
5034
5035 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5036
5037 <p>I am a teacher from Germany, and my subjects are Geography,
5038 Mathematics, and Computer Science ("Informatik"). During the past 12
5039 years (since 2000), I have been working for a comprehensive (and soon,
5040 also inclusive) school leading to all kind of general levels, such as
5041 O- or A-level ("Abitur").  For quite as long, I've been taking care of
5042 our computer network.</p>
5043
5044 <p>Now, in my early 40s, I enjoy the privilege of spending a lot of my
5045 spare time together with my wife, our son (3 years) and our daughter
5046 (4 months).</p>
5047
5048 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5049 project?</strong></p>
5050
5051 <p>We had tried different Linux based school servers, when members of
5052 my local Linux User Group (LUG OWL) detected Skolelinux. I remember
5053 very well, being part of a party celebrating the Linux New Media Award
5054 ("Best Newcomer Distribution", also nominated: Ubuntu) that was given
5055 to Skolelinux at Linux World Exposition in Frankfurt, 2005 (IIRC). Few
5056 months later, I had the chance to join a developer meeting in Ulsrud
5057 (Oslo) and to hand out the award to Knut Yrvin and others.  For more
5058 than 7 years, Skolelinux is part of our schools infrastructure, namely
5059 our main server (tjener), one LTSP (today without thin clients), and
5060 approximately 50 work stations. Most of these have the option to boot a
5061 locally installed Skolelinux image.  As a consequence, I joined quite
5062 a few events dealing with free software or Linux, and met many Debian
5063 (Edu) developers. All of them seemed quite nice and competent to me,
5064 one more reason to stick to Skolelinux.</p>
5065
5066 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5067 Edu?</strong></p>
5068
5069 <p>Debian driven, you are given all the advantages of a community
5070 project including well maintained updates. Once, you are familiar with
5071 the network layout, you can easily roll out an entire educational
5072 computer infrastructure, from just one installation media. As only
5073 free software (FOSS) is used, that supports even elderly hardware,
5074 up-sizing your IT equipment is only limited by space (i.e. available
5075 labs).  Especially if you run a LTSP thin client server, your
5076 administration costs tend towards zero.</p>
5077
5078 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5079 Edu?</strong></p>
5080
5081 <p>While Debian's stability has loads of advantages for servers, this
5082 might be different in some cases for clients: Schools with unlimited
5083 budget might buy new hardware with components that are not yet
5084 supported by Debian stable, or wish to use more recent versions of
5085 office packages or desktop environments.  These schools have the
5086 option to run Debian testing or other distributions - if they have the
5087 capacity to do so.  Another issue is that Debian release cycles
5088 include a wide range of changes; therefor a high percentage of human
5089 power seems to be absorbed by just keeping the features of Skolelinux
5090 within the new setting of the version to come. During this process,
5091 the cogs of Debian Edu are getting more and more professional,
5092 i.e. harder to understand for novices.</p>
5093
5094 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5095
5096 <p>LibreOffice, Wikipedia, Openstreetmap, Iceweasel (Mozilla Firefox),
5097 KMail, Gimp, Inkscape - and of course the Linux Kernel (not only on
5098 PC, Laptop, Mobile, but also our SAT receiver)</p>
5099
5100 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5101 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5102
5103 <p><ol>
5104
5105 <li>Support computer science as regular subject in schools to make
5106 people really "own" their hardware, to make them understand the
5107 difference between proprietary software products, and free software
5108 developing.</li>
5109
5110 <li>Make budget baskets corresponding: In Germany's public schools
5111 there are more or less fixed budgets for IT equipment (including
5112 licenses), so schools won't benefit from any savings here. This
5113 privilege is left to private schools which have consequently a large
5114 share among German Skolelinux schools.</li>
5115
5116 <li>Get free software in the seminars where would-be teachers are
5117 trained. In many cases, teachers' software customs are respected by
5118 decision makers rather than the expertise of any IT experts.</li>
5119
5120 <li>Don't limit ourself to free software run natively. Everybody uses
5121 free software or free licenses (for instance Wikipedia), and this
5122 general concept should get expanded to free educational content to be
5123 shared world wide (school books e.g.).</li>
5124
5125 <li>Make clear where ever you can that the market share of free (libre)
5126 office suites is much above 20 p.c. today, and that you pupils don't
5127 need to know the "ribbon menu" in order to get employed.</li>
5128
5129 <li>Talk about the difference between freeware and free software.</li>
5130
5131 <li>Spread free software, or even collections of portable free apps
5132 for USB pen drives. Endorse students to get a legal copy of
5133 Libreoffice rather than accepting them to use illegal serials.  And
5134 keep sending documents in ODF formats.</li>
5135
5136 </ol></p>
5137
5138       </div>
5139       <div class="tags">
5140
5141
5142         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5143
5144
5145       </div>
5146     </div>
5147     <div class="padding"></div>
5148
5149     <div class="entry">
5150       <div class="title">
5151         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Alf_Tonny_B_tz.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Alf Tonny Bätz</a>
5152       </div>
5153       <div class="date">
5154         20th May 2012
5155       </div>
5156       <div class="body">
5157         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektets</a>
5158 musiker og mannen bak
5159 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Manuals/Rosegarden/">opplæringsdokumentene
5160 i Rosegarden</a>
5161 (<a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/nb/rosegarden-manual.html">norsk
5162 utgave</a>) for musikklærere, Alf Tonny Bätz, er neste mann ut i min
5163 intervjurunde av folkene bak Skolelinux-løsningen.  Jeg har kjent Alf
5164 Tonny siden vi møttes som barn på påskefjellet i Ofoten, og ble
5165 gledelig overrasket da han dukket opp i Skolelinux-prosjektet etter å
5166 ikke ha sett noe til ham på mange år.</p>
5167
5168 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
5169
5170 <p>Jeg er utdannet kokk av yrke, og har utøvet yrket i 12 år.  Men
5171 etter at ryggen sa takk før seg, studerte jeg nettverksadministrasjon
5172 ved Næringsakademiet i Bergen årene 2008-2009 slik at jeg kunne
5173 forfølge en av mine største interesser - data.  Til daglig jobber jeg
5174 ved <a href="http://www.narvikskolen.no/parken/">Parken
5175 ungdomsskole</a> med å drifte skolens PC-er. Har også litt
5176 musikkundervisning.</p>
5177
5178 <p>Mitt mål er å bevisstgjøre musikklærene mulighetene med de frie
5179 programmene som finnes i Skolelinux, blant annet Rosegarden.</p>
5180
5181 <p>Har i mange år drevet med musikk og en av grunnen til at Rosegarden
5182 falt i smak for min del, var fordi denne fungere og ligner mest på
5183 Windows-programmet (cubase) jeg jobbet mye med da jeg i mine yngre
5184 dager var «Windows fanatiker».  Ble introdusert til Linux av en kompis
5185 av meg for omtrent 14 år siden, og har bare blitt mer og mer glad i
5186 dette operativsystemet.</p>
5187
5188 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
5189
5190 <p>Da jeg ble sykemeldt fra min gamle jobb, og måtte omskoleres,
5191 havnet jeg i 2007 sammen med Viggo Fedreheim på IKT-avdelingen i
5192 Narvik kommune, der ble jeg for første gang introdusert til
5193 Skolelinuxprosjektet.</p>
5194
5195 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5196
5197 <p>Skolelinux er enkelt å holde i drift og masse flotte programmer som
5198 geogebra, ktouch og kgeografi følger med pakken.  Man kan ta i bruk
5199 gamle PC-er igjen, slik at skoler med dårlig råd får opp en brukbar
5200 PC-park.  PC-er som er ca 6-9 år gamle fungere tilfredstillende, bare
5201 de har 512 MB RAM eller mer.</p>
5202
5203 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5204
5205 <p>Ulempene er at noen av de pedagogiske programmene som lærene ønsker
5206 å bruke fungere dårlig med Linux.  Mye pga. av at disse programmene
5207 blir ikke laget til Linuxbaserte operativsystemer.</p>
5208
5209 <p>Video- og bilde-redigering har dessverre en del mangler, mange av
5210 programmene har en tendens til og krasje.  Det gjelder blant annet
5211 <a href="http://www.kdenlive.org/">kdenlive</a> og
5212 <a href="http://www.openshotvideo.com/">openshot</a>, for å nevne
5213 noen.  De er ikke stabile nok.  Når elevene kommer med filmsnutter de
5214 ønsker og jobbe med, så godtar ikke programmene filene, og når elevene
5215 jobber med redigering bare krasjer programmene uten forvarsel.  Det er
5216 for vanskelig å få noe som bare fungerer ut av boksen her. Når en elev
5217 plugger inn et videokamera eller fotoapparat så er det alltid noe som
5218 ikke vil fungere.  Programmene godtar ikke format, godtar ikke
5219 kameraet, osv., osv. Det er dessverre med på og dra ned en positiv
5220 opplevelse av bruk av fri programvare.</p>
5221
5222 <p>Man må ofte bruke flere en et video redigerings program før og få
5223 fullført en ønsket oppgave.</p>
5224
5225 <p>Eksempel:</p>
5226
5227 <p>Hvis det ene programmet ikke vil ta i mot videofilen klarer et
5228 annet det, men det programmet som klarer det kan ikke gjøre de samme
5229 oppgavene som det programmet som ikke ville ta i mot filen,
5230 Tilsvarende er det med foto, man må bruke flere programmer for å få
5231 et ferdig resultat. Til dags dato har jeg enda ikke funnet et video-
5232 og fotoprogram som kan tilfredstillende fullføre en oppgave.</p>
5233
5234 <p>Så man kan klare og fullføre en oppgave, men i verste fall må man
5235 innom 3-4 programmer for å få det til.  Så jeg har enda ikke til dags
5236 dato sett at et program fungere 100% til alt.</p>
5237
5238 <p>Det programmet jeg har best erfaring til er
5239 <a href="http://cinelerra.org/">cinelerra</a>, men dessverre har det
5240 også tendenser og krasje av og til uten grunn.</p>
5241
5242 Lydsystemet kan også være et mareritt.  Konkret snakker jeg om når du
5243 bruker for eksempel et smartboard, så følger det med USB-lydkort på
5244 disse.  Problemet ligger her i at systemet ikke vil velge rett
5245 lydkort, så man må inn med padevchooser for å sette opp PulseAudio
5246 til og velge at USB-lydkortet skal brukes.  Det blir for tungvindt for
5247 lærene, de ønsker at ting skal fungere med en gang. (min løsning på
5248 det problemet ble at jeg måtte deaktivere lydkortet som fantes på
5249 maskinen) men da må man bestandig slå på smartboard-tavla.
5250
5251 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
5252
5253 Programmene jeg bruker mest av er: Rosegarden, jack, qsynth, audacity,
5254 k3b, openttd og libreoffice.
5255
5256 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
5257 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
5258
5259 Jeg tror det må bevisstgjøring av Skolene til, dvs. reklamere høylytt
5260 og fortelle og vise de andre skolene at frie programvarer faktisk
5261 fungere.  Jeg trur faktisk mange ikke vet at det finnes frie
5262 alternativer.
5263
5264       </div>
5265       <div class="tags">
5266
5267
5268         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5269
5270
5271       </div>
5272     </div>
5273     <div class="padding"></div>
5274
5275     <div class="entry">
5276       <div class="title">
5277         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__J_rgen_Leibner.html">Debian Edu interview: Jürgen Leibner</a>
5278       </div>
5279       <div class="date">
5280         13th May 2012
5281       </div>
5282       <div class="body">
5283         <p>It has been a few busy weeks for me, but I am finally back to
5284 publish another interview with the people behind
5285 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>.
5286 This time it is one of our German developers, who have helped out over the
5287 years to make sure both a lot of major but also a lot of the minor
5288 details get right before release.
5289
5290 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5291
5292 <p>My name is Jürgen Leibner, I'm 49 years old and living in
5293 Bielefeld, a town in northern Germany.  I worked nearly 20 years as
5294 certified engineer in the department for plant design and layout of an
5295 international company for machinery and equipment.  Since 2011 I'm a
5296 certified technical writer (tekom e.V.) and doing technical
5297 documentations for a steam turbine manufacturer.  From April this year
5298 I will manage the department of technical documentation at a
5299 manufacturer of automation and assembly line engineering.</p>
5300
5301 <p>My first contact with linux was around 1993. Since that time I used
5302 it at work and at home repeatedly but not exclusively as I do now at
5303 home since 2006.</p>
5304
5305 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5306 project?</strong></p>
5307
5308 <p>Once a day in the early year of 2001 when I wanted to fetch my
5309 daughter from primary school, there was a teacher sitting in the
5310 middle of 20 old computers trying to boot them and he failed. I helped
5311 him to get them booting. That was seen by the school director and she
5312 asked me if I would like to manage that the school gets all that old
5313 computers in use. I answered: "Yes".</p>
5314
5315 <p>Some weeks later every of the 10 classrooms had one computer
5316 running Windows98. I began to collect old computers and equipment as
5317 gifts and installed the first computer room with a peer-to-peer
5318 network. I did my work at school without being payed in my spare time
5319 and with a lot of fun.  About one year later the school was connected
5320 to Internet and a local area network was installed in the school
5321 building.  That was the time to have a server and I knew it must be a
5322 Linux server to be able to fulfil all the wishes of the teachers and
5323 being able to do this in a transparent and economic way, without extra
5324 costs for things like licence and software.  So I searched for a
5325 school server system running under Linux and I found a couple of
5326 people nearby who founded 'skolelinux.de'. It was the Skolelinux
5327 prerelease 32 I first tried out for being used at the school.  I
5328 managed the IT of that school until the municipal authority took over
5329 the IT management and centralised the services for all schools in
5330 Bielefeld in December of 2006.</p>
5331
5332 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5333 Edu?</strong></p>
5334
5335 <p>When I'm looking back to the beginning, there were other advantages
5336 for me as today.</p>
5337
5338 <p>In the past there were advantages like:</p>
5339
5340 <p><ul>
5341
5342 <li>I don't need to buy it so it generates no costs to the school as
5343 they had little money to spent for computers and software.</li>
5344
5345 <li>It has a licence which grands all rights to use it without
5346 cost.</li>
5347
5348 <li>It was more able to fit all requirements of a server system for
5349 schools than a Microsoft server system, even if there are only Windows
5350 clients because of it's preconfigured overall concept of being a
5351 infrastructure solution and community for schools, not only a
5352 server</li>
5353
5354 <li>I was able to configure the server to the needs of the
5355 school.</li>
5356
5357 </ul></p>
5358
5359 <p>Today some of the advantages has been lost, changed or new ones
5360 came up in this way:</p>
5361
5362 <p><ul>
5363
5364 <li>Most schools here do have money to buy hardware and software
5365 now.</li>
5366
5367 <li>They are today mostly managed from central IT departments which
5368 have own concepts which often do not fit to Debian Edu concepts
5369 because they are to close to Microsoft ideology.</li>
5370
5371 <li>With the Squeeze version of Debian Edu which now uses GOsa² for
5372 management I feel more able to manage the daily tasks than with the
5373 interfaces used in the past.</li>
5374
5375 <li>It is more modular than in the past and fits even better to the
5376 different needs.</li>
5377
5378 <li>The documentation is usable and gets better every day.</li>
5379
5380 <li>More people than ever before are using Debian Edu all over the
5381 world and so the community, which is an very important part I think,
5382 is sharing knowledge and minds.</li>
5383
5384 <li>Most, maybe all, of the technical requirements for schools are
5385 solved today by Debian Edu. </li>
5386
5387 </ul></p>
5388
5389 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5390 Edu?</strong></p>
5391
5392 <p><ul>
5393
5394 <li>There are too few IT companies able to integrate Debian Edu into
5395 their product portfolio for serving schools with concepts or even
5396 whole municipality areas.</li>
5397
5398 <li>Debian Edu has beside other free and open software projects not
5399 enough lobbyists which promote free and open software to
5400 politicians.</li>
5401
5402 <li>Technically there are no disadvantages I'm aware of.</li>
5403
5404 </ul></p>
5405
5406 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5407
5408 <p>I use Debian stable on my home server and on my little desktop
5409 computer. On my laptop I use Debian testing/sid. The applications I
5410 use on my laptop and my desktop are Open/Libre-office, Iceweasel,
5411 KMail, DigiKam, Amarok, Dolphin, okular and all the other programs I
5412 need from the KDE environment.  On console I use newsbeuter, mutt,
5413 screen, irssi and all the other famous and useful tools.</p>
5414
5415 <p>My home server provides mail services with exim, dovecot, roundcube
5416 and mutt over ssh on the console, file services with samba, NFS,
5417 rsync, web services with apache, moinmoin-wiki, multimedia services
5418 with gallery2 and mediatomb and database services with MySQL for me
5419 and the whole family.  I probably forgot something.</p>
5420
5421 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5422 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5423
5424 <p>I believe, we should provide concepts for IT companies to integrate
5425 Debian Edu into their product portfolio with use cases for different
5426 countries and areas all over the world.</p>
5427
5428       </div>
5429       <div class="tags">
5430
5431
5432         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5433
5434
5435       </div>
5436     </div>
5437     <div class="padding"></div>
5438
5439     <div class="entry">
5440       <div class="title">
5441         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Forskning___GPL_gir_lokal_frihet_og_kontroll_gjennom_omfordeling_av_makt_fra_produsent_til_bruker_.html">Forskning: "GPL gir lokal frihet og kontroll gjennom omfordeling av makt fra produsent til bruker"</a>
5442       </div>
5443       <div class="date">
5444         15th April 2012
5445       </div>
5446       <div class="body">
5447         <p>Da jeg googlet etter noe annet kom jeg tilfeldigvis over
5448 <a href="http://www.duo.uio.no/sok/work.html?WORKID=58309">en
5449 hovedfagsoppgave</a> ved Universitetet i Oslo som diskuterer verdien
5450 av GPLs fire friheter for brukerne av IT-systemer.  Jeg ble fascinert
5451 over det som presenteres der.  Her er sammendraget:</p>
5452
5453 <p><blockquote>
5454
5455 <p>Motivasjonen til å skrive denne oppgaven er en personlig undring
5456 over hvorfor det primært, og ofte eksklusivt, fokuseres på det
5457 økonomiske aspektet ved utredninger om fri programvare er et godt valg
5458 for det offentlige. Fri og produsenteid programvare bygger på
5459 fundamentalt forskjellige ideologier som kan ha implikasjoner utover
5460 økonomiske kostnader. Kunnskapskulturen som er med på å definere fri
5461 programvare er basert på åpenhet, og er en verdi i seg selv.</p>
5462
5463 <p>Oppgavens tema er programvarelisensen GPL og frihet. GPL-lisensiert
5464 programvare gir visse friheter i forhold til produsenteid
5465 programvare. Mitt spørsmål er om, og eventuelt i hvilken utstrekning,
5466 disse frihetene blir benyttet av ulike brukere og hvordan de
5467 manifesterer seg for disse brukerne. Sentrale spørsmål i oppgaven
5468 er:</p>
5469
5470 <ul>
5471 <li>Hvordan fordeles handlekraft gjennom lisensieringen av programvaren?</li>
5472 <li>Hvilke konsekvenser har programvarelisensen for de ulike brukere? </li>
5473 </ul>
5474
5475 <p>Fri programvare gir blant annet brukeren mulighet til å studere og
5476 modifisere kildekoden. Denne formen for frihet erverves gjennom
5477 kunnskap og krever at brukeren også er en ekspert. Hva skjer med
5478 frihetene til GPL når sluttbrukeren er en annen? Dette diskuteres i
5479 dialog med informantene.</p>
5480
5481 <p>Jeg har i denne oppgaven samlet inn intervjudata fra IKT-ansvarlige
5482 ved grunnskolene i Nittedal kommune, driftsansvarlig og IKT-veilederen
5483 for skolene i kommunen, samt IKT-koordinator for utdanning i Akershus
5484 fylkeskommune og bokmåloversettere av OpenOffice.org. Den empiriske
5485 delen av oppgaven er delt inn i to seksjoner; den første omhandler
5486 operativsystemet Skolelinux, den andre kontorprogrampakken
5487 OpenOffice.org.</p>
5488
5489 <p>Som vi vil se gir GPL lokal frihet og kontroll gjennom omfordeling
5490 av makt fra produsent til bruker. Brukerens makt analyseres gjennom
5491 begrepene brukermedvirkning og handlingsfrihet. Det blir også lagt
5492 vekt på strukturelle forhold rundt bruken av teknologi, og spesielt de
5493 økonomiske begrepene nettverkseksternaliteter, innlåsing og
5494 stiavhengighet. Dette er begreper av spesiell nytte når objektet som
5495 omsettes eller distribueres er et kommunikasjonsprodukt, fordi verdien
5496 til et slikt gode for en potensiell bruker avhenger av antall
5497 eksisterende brukere av godet. I tilknytning til denne problematikken
5498 inneholder oppgaven også en diskusjon rundt åpne standarder og
5499 formater.</p>
5500
5501 <p>Oppgaven konkluderer med at de «fire frihetene» som GPL-lisensen er
5502 laget for å beskytte er av avgjørende betydning for bruken av
5503 OpenOffice.org og Skolelinux, i Akershus fylkeskommune såvel som i
5504 skolene i Nittedal. Distribusjonen av handlekraft er ikke helt
5505 symmetrisk. Det er først og fremst de profesjonelle utviklerne i
5506 Skolelinux som direkte kan nyttiggjøre seg friheten til å endre kode,
5507 mens en sluttbruker som Nittedal kommune nyttiggjør seg den økonomiske
5508 friheten til å kunne distribuere programmene. Det er imidlertid også
5509 slik at ingen aktør klarer seg uten alle disse «frihetene».</p>
5510 </blockquote></p>
5511
5512 <p>Jeg fant også en masteroppgave fra 2006, men der ligger ikke
5513 komplett oppgave tilgjengelig.  På tide å holde et øye med
5514 <a href="http://www.duo.uio.no/sok/search.html?q=skolelinux">Skolelinux-søket</a>
5515 til DUO...</p>
5516
5517
5518       </div>
5519       <div class="tags">
5520
5521
5522         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5523
5524
5525       </div>
5526     </div>
5527     <div class="padding"></div>
5528
5529     <div class="entry">
5530       <div class="title">
5531         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Andreas_Mundt.html">Debian Edu interview: Andreas Mundt</a>
5532       </div>
5533       <div class="date">
5534         15th April 2012
5535       </div>
5536       <div class="body">
5537         <p>Behind <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
5538 Skolelinux</a> there are a lot of people doing the hard work of
5539 setting together all the pieces.  This time I present to you Andreas
5540 Mundt, who have been part of the technical development team several
5541 years.  He was also a key contributor in getting GOsa and Kerberos set
5542 up in the recently released
5543 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">Debian
5544 Edu Squeeze</a> version.</p>
5545
5546 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5547
5548 <p>My name is Andreas Mundt, I grew up in south Germany.  After
5549 studying Physics I spent several years at university doing research in
5550 Quantum Optics.  After that I worked some years in an optics company.
5551 Finally I decided to turn over a new leaf in my life and started
5552 teaching 10 to 19 years old kids at school.  I teach math, physics,
5553 information technology and science/technology.</p>
5554
5555 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5556 project?</strong></p>
5557
5558 <p>Already before I switched to teaching, I followed the Debian Edu
5559 project because of my interest in education and Debian.  Within the
5560 qualification/training period for the teaching, I started
5561 contributing.</p>
5562
5563 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5564 Edu?</strong></p>
5565
5566 <p>The advantages of Debian Edu are the well known name, the
5567 out-of-the-box philosophy and of course the great free software of the
5568 Debian Project!</p>
5569
5570 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5571 Edu?</strong></p>
5572
5573 <p>As every coin has two sides, the out-of-the-box philosophy has its
5574 downside, too.  In my opinion, it is hard to modify and tweak the
5575 setup, if you need or want that.  Further more, it is not easily
5576 possible to upgrade the system to a new release.  It takes much too
5577 long after a Debian release to prepare the -Edu release, perhaps
5578 because the number of developers working on the core of the code is
5579 rather small and often busy elsewhere.</p>
5580
5581 <p>The <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianLAN">Debian LAN</a>
5582 project might fill the use case of a more flexible system.</p>
5583
5584 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5585
5586 <p>I am only using non-free software if I am forced to and run Debian
5587 on all my machines.  For documents I prefer LaTeX and PGF/TikZ, then
5588 mutt and iceweasel for email respectively web browsing.  At school I
5589 have Arduino and Fritzing in use for a micro controller project.</p>
5590
5591 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5592 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5593
5594 <p>One of the major problems is the vendor lock-in from top to bottom:
5595 Especially in combination with ignorant government employees and
5596 politicians, this works out great for the "market-leader".  The school
5597 administration here in Baden-Wuerttemberg is occupied by that vendor.
5598 Documents have to be prepared in non-free, proprietary formats.  Even
5599 free browsers do not work for the school administration.  Publishers
5600 of school books provide software only for proprietary platforms.</p>
5601
5602 <p>To change this, political work is very important.  Parts of the
5603 political spectrum have become aware of the problem in the last years.
5604 However it takes quite some time and courageous politicians to 'free'
5605 the system.  There is currently some discussion about "Open Data" and
5606 "Free/Open Standards".  I am not sure if all the involved parties have
5607 a clue about the potential of these ideas, and probably only a
5608 fraction takes them seriously.  However it might slowly make free
5609 software and the philosophy behind it more known and popular.</p>
5610
5611       </div>
5612       <div class="tags">
5613
5614
5615         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5616
5617
5618       </div>
5619     </div>
5620     <div class="padding"></div>
5621
5622     <div class="entry">
5623       <div class="title">
5624         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Justin_B__Rye.html">Debian Edu interview: Justin B. Rye</a>
5625       </div>
5626       <div class="date">
5627          8th April 2012
5628       </div>
5629       <div class="body">
5630         <p>It take all kind of contributions to create a Linux distribution
5631 like <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>,
5632 and this time I lend the ear to Justin B. Rye, who is listed as a big
5633 contributor to the
5634 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">Debian
5635 Edu Squeeze release manual</a>.
5636
5637 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5638
5639 <p>I'm a 44-year-old linguistics graduate living in Edinburgh who has
5640 occasionally been employed as a sysadmin.</p>
5641
5642 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5643 project?</strong></p>
5644
5645 <p>I'm neither a developer nor a Skolelinux/Debian Edu user!  The only
5646 reason my name's in the credits for the documentation is that I hang
5647 around on debian-l10n-english waiting for people to mention things
5648 they'd like a native English speaker to proofread...  So I did a sweep
5649 through the wiki for typos and Norglish and inconsistent spellings of
5650 "localisation".</p>
5651
5652 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5653 Edu?</strong></p>
5654
5655 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5656 Edu?</strong></p>
5657
5658 <p>These questions are too hard for me - I don't use it!  In fact I
5659 had hardly any contact with I.T. until long after I'd got out of the
5660 education system.</p>
5661
5662 <p>I can tell you the advantages of Debian for me though: it soaks up
5663 as much of my free time as I want and no more, and lets me do
5664 everything I want a computer for without ever forcing me to spend
5665 money on the latest hardware.</p>
5666
5667 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5668
5669 <p>I've been using Debian since Rex; popularity-contest says the
5670 software that I use most is xinit, xterm, and xulrunner (in other
5671 words, I use a distinctly retro sort of desktop).</p>
5672
5673 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5674 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5675
5676 <p>Well, I don't know.  I suppose I'd be inclined to try reasoning
5677 with the people who make the decisions, but obviously if that worked
5678 you would hardly need a strategy.</p>
5679
5680       </div>
5681       <div class="tags">
5682
5683
5684         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5685
5686
5687       </div>
5688     </div>
5689     <div class="padding"></div>
5690
5691     <div class="entry">
5692       <div class="title">
5693         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_the_KDE_menu_is_slow_when__usr__is_NFS_mounted___and_a_workaround.html">Why the KDE menu is slow when /usr/ is NFS mounted - and a workaround</a>
5694       </div>
5695       <div class="date">
5696          6th April 2012
5697       </div>
5698       <div class="body">
5699         <p>Recently I have spent time with
5700 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a> on speeding
5701 up a <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
5702 Lenny installation using LTSP diskless workstations, and in the
5703 process I discovered something very surprising.  The reason the KDE
5704 menu was responding slow when using it for the first time, was mostly
5705 due to the way KDE find application icons.  I discovered that showing
5706 the Multimedia menu would cause more than 20 000 IP packages to be
5707 passed between the LTSP client and the NFS server.  Most of these were
5708
5709 NFS LOOKUP calls, resulting in a NFS3ERR_NOENT response.  Because the
5710 ping times between the client and the server were in the range 2-20
5711 ms, the menus would be very slow.  Looking at the strace of kicker in
5712 Lenny (or plasma-desktop i Squeeze - same problem there), I see that
5713 the source of these NFS calls are access(2) system calls for
5714 non-existing files.  KDE can do hundreds of access(2) calls to find
5715 one icon file.  In my example, just finding the mplayer icon required
5716 around 230 access(2) calls.</p>
5717
5718 <p>The KDE code seem to search for icons using a list of icon
5719 directories, and the list of possible directories is large.  In
5720 (almost) each directory, it look for files ending in .png, .svgz, .svg
5721 and .xpm.  The result is a very slow KDE menu when /usr/ is NFS
5722 mounted.  Showing a single sub menu may result in thousands of NFS
5723 requests.  I am not the first one to discover this.  I found a
5724 <a href="https://bugs.kde.org/show_bug.cgi?id=211416">KDE bug report
5725 from 2009</a> about this problem, and it is still unsolved.</p>
5726
5727 <p>My solution to speed up the KDE menu was to create a package
5728 kde-icon-cache that upon installation will look at all .desktop files
5729 used to generate the KDE menu, find their icons, search the icon paths
5730 for the file that KDE will end up finding at run time, and copying the
5731 icon file to /var/lib/kde-icon-cache/.  Finally, I add symlinks to
5732 these icon files in one of the first directories where KDE will look
5733 for them.  This cut down the number of file accesses required to find
5734 one icon from several hundred to less than 5, and make the KDE menu
5735 almost instantaneous.  I'm not quite sure where to make the package
5736 publicly available, so for now it is only available on request.</p>
5737
5738 <p>The bug report mention that this do not only affect the KDE menu
5739 and icon handling, but also the login process.  Not quite sure how to
5740 speed up that part without replacing NFS with for example NBD, and
5741 that is not really an option at the moment.</p>
5742
5743 <p>If you got feedback on this issue, please let us know on debian-edu
5744 (at) lists.debian.org.</p>
5745
5746       </div>
5747       <div class="tags">
5748
5749
5750         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5751
5752
5753       </div>
5754     </div>
5755     <div class="padding"></div>
5756
5757     <div class="entry">
5758       <div class="title">
5759         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_in_the_Linux_Weekly_News.html">Debian Edu in the Linux Weekly News</a>
5760       </div>
5761       <div class="date">
5762          5th April 2012
5763       </div>
5764       <div class="body">
5765         <p>About two weeks ago, I was interviewed via email about
5766 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a> by
5767 Bruce Byfield in Linux Weekly News.  The result was made public for
5768 non-subscribers today.  I am pleased to see liked our Linux solution
5769 for schools.  Check out his article
5770 <a href="https://lwn.net/Articles/488805/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux: A
5771 distribution for education</a> if you want to learn more.</p>
5772
5773       </div>
5774       <div class="tags">
5775
5776
5777         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5778
5779
5780       </div>
5781     </div>
5782     <div class="padding"></div>
5783
5784     <div class="entry">
5785       <div class="title">
5786         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Wolfgang_Schweer.html">Debian Edu interview: Wolfgang Schweer</a>
5787       </div>
5788       <div class="date">
5789          1st April 2012
5790       </div>
5791       <div class="body">
5792         <p>Germany is a core area for the
5793 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
5794 user community, and this time I managed to get hold of Wolfgang
5795 Schweer, a valuable contributor to the project from Germany.
5796
5797 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5798
5799 <p>I've studied Mathematics at the university 'Ruhr-Universität' in
5800 Bochum, Germany. Since 1981 I'm working as a teacher at the school
5801 "<a href="http://www.westfalenkolleg-dortmund.de/">Westfalen-Kolleg
5802 Dortmund</a>", a second chance school.  Here, young adults is given
5803 the opportunity to get further education in order to do the school
5804 examination 'Abitur', which will allow to study at a university. This
5805 second chance is of value for those who want a better job perspective
5806 or failed to get a higher school examination being teens.</p>
5807
5808 <p>Besides teaching I was involved in developing online courses for a
5809 blended learning project called 'abitur-online.nrw' and in some other
5810 information technology related projects. For about ten years I've been
5811 teacher and coordinator for the 'abitur-online' project at my
5812 school. Being now in my early sixties, I've decided to leave school at
5813 the end of April this year.</p>
5814
5815 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5816 project?</strong></p>
5817
5818 <p>The first information about Skolelinux must have come to my
5819 attention years ago and somehow related to LTSP (Linux Terminal Server
5820 Project).  At school, we had set up a network at the beginning of 1997
5821 using Suse Linux on the desktop, replacing a Novell network. Since
5822 2002, we used old machines from the city council of Dortmund as thin
5823 clients (LTSP, later Ubuntu/Lessdisks) cause new hardware was out of
5824 reach. At home I'm using Debian since years and - subscribed to the
5825 Debian news letter - heard from time to time about Skolelinux. About
5826 two years ago I proposed to replace the (somehow undocumented and only
5827 known to me) system at school by a well known Debian based system:
5828 Skolelinux.</p>
5829
5830 <p>Students and teachers appreciated the new system because of a
5831 better look and feel and an enhanced access to local media on thin
5832 clients.  The possibility to alter and/or reset passwords using a GUI
5833 was welcomed, too. Being able to do administrative tasks using a GUI
5834 and to easily set up workstations using PXE was of very high value for
5835 the admin teachers.</p>
5836
5837 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5838 Edu?</strong></p>
5839
5840 <p>It's open source, easy to set up, stable and flexible due to it's
5841 Debian base. It integrates LTSP out-of-the-box. And it is documented!
5842 So it was a perfect choice.</p>
5843
5844 <p>Being open source, there are no license problems and so it's
5845 possible to point teachers and students to programs like
5846 OpenOffice.org, ViewYourMind (mind mapping) and The Gimp.  It's of
5847 high value to be able to adapt parts of the system to special needs of
5848 a school and to choose where to get support for this.</p>
5849
5850 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5851 Edu?</strong></p>
5852
5853 <p>Nothing yet.</p>
5854
5855 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5856
5857 <p>At home (Debian Sid with Gnome Desktop): Iceweasel, LibreOffice,
5858 Mutt, Gedit, Document Viewer, Midnight Commander, flpsed (PDF
5859 Annotator).  At school (Skolelinux Lenny): Iceweasel, Gedit,
5860 LibreOffice.</p>
5861
5862 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5863 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5864
5865 <p>Some time ago I thought it was enough to tell people about it. But
5866 that doesn't seem to work quite well. Now I concentrate on those more
5867 interested and hope to get multiplicators that way.</p>
5868
5869       </div>
5870       <div class="tags">
5871
5872
5873         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5874
5875
5876       </div>
5877     </div>
5878     <div class="padding"></div>
5879
5880     <div class="entry">
5881       <div class="title">
5882         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html">Linux-skoler har høyere PC-tetthet enn landsgjennomsnittet - pressemelding fra FRiSK</a>
5883       </div>
5884       <div class="date">
5885         30th March 2012
5886       </div>
5887       <div class="body">
5888         <p>I dag har <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no">FRiSK</a>
5889 sendt ut følgende pressemelding basert på mine beregninger av
5890 PC-tetthet på Linux-skoler:</p>
5891
5892 <p><strong>Linux-skoler har høyere PC-tetthet enn
5893 landsgjennomsnittet</strong></p>
5894
5895 <p>Oslo, 30 Mars 2012</p>
5896
5897 <p>Det er store forskjeller på skolenes digitale tilstand, viser
5898 undersøkelsen Monitor 2011 som er laget på oppdrag fra
5899 Kunnskapsdepartementet. Dette har ført til debatt om PC-tilgangen i
5900 skolen, og om de med Linux i skolen gjør det bedre bedre eller
5901 dårligere enn snittet i landet.</p>
5902
5903 <p>Nå har vi tallene. Skoler med Linux har 36% større PC-tetthet en
5904 landsgjennomsnittet. På spørsmål hvorfor skoler med Linux har større
5905 PC-tetthet, observerer Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken som er IKT-konsulent i
5906 Nord-Odal:</p>
5907
5908 <p><blockquote>"Vi erfarer at klienter med Skolelinux har god funksjon
5909 til de er 8 til 10 år gamle. Dette er omtrent dobbelt så lenge som
5910 andre løsninger, og skolene får mer datautstyr for
5911 pengene."</blockquote></p>
5912
5913 <p>Undersøkelsen baserer seg på 56 skoler som har gjort det offentlig
5914 at de kjører Skolelinux eller annen Linux-utgave. De kan også ha PC-er
5915 med Windows i skolenettet. Når en sammenligner PC-tetthetene på
5916 skolene i kommunene Flora, Harstad, Kongsvinger, Narvik, Nittedal,
5917 Nord-Odal og Randaberg, er det i snitt 2,28 elev pr. PC på skolene med
5918 Linux. På landsbasis er det 3.11 elev per PC i grunnskolen, i følge
5919 side 95 i Monitor-rapporten for 2011. Målingen viser dermed 36% større
5920 PC-tetthet i skoler med Linux.</p>
5921
5922 <p><strong>Om Skolelinux/Debian Edu</strong></p>
5923
5924 <p>Skolelinux har til hensikt å gi alle barn full tilgang til
5925 skoleaktuelle dataprogram på sitt eget morsmål. Derfor følger det med
5926 godt over 100 skoleaktuelle programmene laget for læring. De fleste
5927 programmene er oversatt til over 50 språk. Elevene skal også kunne
5928 studere alle sider av dataprogrammene. Derfor følger også kildekode
5929 med. Elever med interesse kan lære av eksperter som har laget
5930 systemet. Dette med enkelt programmering i læreprogram som KTurtle,
5931 til profesjonelle verktøy som Qt Creator eller Java.</p>
5932
5933 <p>Skolelinux er laget for sentralisert drift, der alt teknisk
5934 administrasjon av alle skolene kan gjøres sentralt fra kommunehuset
5935 eller sentralt i en region.  F.eks. drifter to-tre personer 70.000
5936 skoledatamaskiner på 200 skoler i delstaten Extremadura i
5937 Spania. Etter velykket bruk av Debian Edu i skolen, legger delstaten
5938 over til Debian på 40.000 datamaskiner i administrasjonen. Det er idag
5939 mange selskap som tilbyr profesjonell støtte til innføring og drift i
5940 Norge og verden.</p>
5941
5942 <p><strong>Om FRiSK</strong></p>
5943
5944 <p>Medlemsforeningen Fri Programvare i Skolen organiserer
5945 dugnadsprosjektet som står bak Skolelinux.</p>
5946
5947 <p><strong>Kontaktperson</strong></p>
5948
5949 <p>Knut Yrvin</p>
5950
5951 <p>Leder av Fri Programvare i Skolen (FRISK)</p>
5952
5953 <p>Epost: knuty at skolelinux.no
5954 <br>Mobil: +47 93 479 561</p>
5955
5956 <p><strong>Referanser</strong></p>
5957
5958 <p><ul>
5959
5960  <li><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">http://www.skolelinux.org/</a></li>
5961  <li><a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/</a></li>
5962  <li><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Download">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Download</a></li>
5963  <li><a href="https://www.wis.no/gsi">https://www.wis.no/gsi</a></li>
5964  <li><a href="http://iktsenteret.no/sites/iktsenteret.no/files/attachments/monitor2011.pdf">http://iktsenteret.no/sites/iktsenteret.no/files/attachments/monitor2011.pdf</a></li>
5965  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html</a></li>
5966  <li><a href="https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/linuxiskolen/2012-March/018500.html">https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/linuxiskolen/2012-March/018500.html</a></li>
5967
5968 </ul></p>
5969
5970       </div>
5971       <div class="tags">
5972
5973
5974         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5975
5976
5977       </div>
5978     </div>
5979     <div class="padding"></div>
5980
5981     <div class="entry">
5982       <div class="title">
5983         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Roy_Arne_Myhre.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Roy-Arne Myhre</a>
5984       </div>
5985       <div class="date">
5986         28th March 2012
5987       </div>
5988       <div class="body">
5989         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
5990 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi
5991 denne gangen høre fra en IKT-ansvarlig som har brukt Skolelinux i
5992 mange år, og vært storfornøyd med erfaringene så langt.</p>
5993
5994 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
5995
5996 <p>Mitt navn er Roy-Arne Myhre og jeg er 42 år.  Jeg er ansatt hos
5997 <a href="http://www.sandskole.no/">Sand skole</a> (Balsfjord kommune)
5998 og har stort sett vært det siden 1990.  Jeg er IKT ansvarlig ved
5999 skolen i 40% stilling – 10% undervisning – musikk.</p>
6000
6001 <p>Ved skolen er det ca 100 elever og ca 18 lærere + 4 assistenter i
6002 hele og delte stillinger. Alle lærerne har bærbar PC (dessverre med
6003 Win Vista) – assistenter har tilgang til egne. Vi benytter Fronter i
6004 det daglige arbeidet.  Vi har ca 90 elevmaskiner som fungerer til
6005 daglig opp mot Linux server (XFCE) som driftes av
6006 <a href="http://www.bzz.no/">BzzWare AS</a> via nett. Maskinparken
6007 består kun av brukt utstyr for elevene – og noe av dette begynner å
6008 bli vel gammelt selv som halvtykke klienter.</p>
6009
6010 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med
6011 Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6012
6013 <p>Vi kom første gang i kontakt med Skolelinux rundt 1997. Den gang
6014 var det oppstart-disketter i hver maskin, ikke mulighet for lyd og
6015 video, gamle nettverkskort og mye plundring.  Vi hadde en ihuga
6016 forelder med som pådriver, forsker og inspirator for hele opplegget.
6017 Selv ante jeg knapt at Skolelinux fantes, men han var av den
6018 utforskende typen, og fikk både meg og skolelederen i trua på at dette
6019 var ting som kunne fungere.  Etter dette har det gått gradvis
6020 framover; flere maskiner er hentet inn gjennom bl.a
6021 <a href="http://www.greentech.no/">Greentech</a> og utrangert utstyr
6022 fra høgskole / Avinor og private givere. Når maskinene ble for trege
6023 for nye Windows-versjoner, sto vi klare til å putte dem i nettverket
6024 vårt.  Dette betyr at vi i dag har 1:1 dekning av maskiner på
6025 ungdomstrinnet og bedre enn 1:2 på barnetrinnet. Dette er vi veldig
6026 fornøyd med, og vi kan ikke se for oss hverdagen som ville vært
6027 alternativet ved bruk av Windows med sine lisenser pr. Bruker/maskin.
6028 Da ville vi nok vært tilbake til 1-2 maskiner pr klasserom med de
6029 negative konsekvenser det ville hatt for undervisningsformene våre. Vi
6030 kan ha en hel klasse i prosjektjobbing eller individuell jobbing
6031 samtidig – vi kan avholde tentamen og eksamen uten
6032 logistikkproblemer.</p>
6033
6034 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6035
6036 Hvor skal jeg begynne... Stabiliteten er et nøkkelord - det bare
6037 virker.  Har du først fått en server med Skolelinux opp og gå, så må
6038 det en maskinarefeil eller sabotasje til for å stoppe den.  Det at man
6039 kan bruke eldre maskiner som normalt sett ville gått på dynga, er også
6040 glimrende - billig for skoler med dårlig økonomi og bra for miljøet
6041 siden vi gjenbruker utstyr i stedet for å skaffe nytt. Vi ville aldri
6042 hatt mulighet til å operere med det maskinantallet vi har pr i dag
6043 hvis det ikke var for Skolelinux - så tilgjengelighet er et annet
6044 nøkkelord. Et tredje moment er sikkerhet og brukertilgang. Alle
6045 brukerer opererer med egne brukernavn og passord, samt egne
6046 brukerområder som kan tilpasses for både enbrukertilgang og for
6047 samarbeid med andre.
6048
6049 Elever har godt av å se at det finnes andre alternativer enn de som
6050 storindustrien selger på lisensbasis - på den måten trenes de opp til
6051 å se flere muligheter og å foreta valg ut fra flere opsjoner.
6052
6053 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6054
6055 <p>Ulempene med Skolelinux er nok utbredelsen og mangelen på kjennskap
6056 til dette i skolenorge.  De som skal ta økonomiske avgjørelser rynker
6057 på nesen og vil gå for det kjente og «sikre» selv om det koster mye
6058 mer. Man får rett og slett litt hetta av å ikke kunne noe – og unngår
6059 dette for enhver pris.</p>
6060
6061 <p>I tillegg er mye av linux-systemet administrert av tekstkommandoer
6062 og er lite intuitiv/visuell for oss som ikke er «inne i»
6063 kildekodene». Så problemet er nok mye godt at de som
6064 utarbeider/drifter Skolelinux ikke helt klarer å sette seg ned på
6065 skoleadministratorens nivå når det gjelder problemer og
6066 utfordringer. Men dette er nok en utfordring alle administratorer
6067 sliter med uansett OS.</p>
6068
6069 <p>Derfor har vi valgt å støtte oss til BzzWare AS for assistanse i
6070 drifta slik at jeg har kunnet konsentrere meg mer om kabling, skifting
6071 av komponenter, veiledning av lærere og elever, vedlikehold av
6072 skrivere og annen daglig drift.</p>
6073
6074 <p>Elevene mestrer Skolelinux helt fint.  Så lenge Internett
6075 (Iceweasel) og Libreoffice (Openoffice) fungerer er 90% av
6076 skolehverdagen velfungerende. I tillegg brukes jo en del av den
6077 pedagogiske programpakken bla. i forhold til matematikk og geografi,
6078 men det er såpass mye bra på nett om dagen, så disse programmene er
6079 mer som krydder å regne.</p>
6080
6081 <p>Jeg skulle ønske neste versjon av Skolelinux kunne komme litt
6082 mindre stappet med programmer, for halvparten blir aldri brukt, eller
6083 fungerer ikke uansett.  Hva med et pedagogisk panel av lærere/IKT
6084 ansvarlige som kunne sagt: disse programmene skal være standard, så
6085 får resten være slike man kan legge til ved behov – det kan lett bli
6086 en jungel å bevege seg i.</p>
6087
6088 <p>Jeg ønsker meg også en mer grafisk versjon av
6089 <a href="http://bzz.no/lwat/trac/trac.cgi">Lwat</a> hvor man kan krysse
6090 ut de som f.eks ikke skal ha internett-tilgang en dag pga
6091 eksamen/tentamen, samt en noe enklere brannmurløsning hvor man kan
6092 stenge for en del (få) sider på en enkel måte.  Jeg liker godt
6093 Skolelinux sin ideologi om at filteret skal trenes i hodet på eleven –
6094 men av og til skulle jeg ønske at f.eks Facebook og Youtube kunne vært
6095 koblet vekk en periode for å få bedre utnyttelse av tid og
6096 ressurser. Disse to nettstedene er nok mye av årsaken til at mange
6097 lærere holder igjen databruken noe mer enn man kunne ønske.</p>
6098
6099 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6100
6101 Jeg benytter nesten bare fri programvare til daglig. LibreOffice,
6102 Iceweasel (Firefox), Thunderbird til e-post og Gimp til
6103 bildebehandling.  Vi har PHP-Nuke-oppsatt hjemmeside. Det eneste som
6104 jeg ikke har fått helt til enda er videoredigering - her må man vel
6105 innrømme at Mac er hakket over, men da er vi igjen over på å se hva
6106 som egner seg best, og ta valg ut fra det. Folk flest lever i
6107 villfarelsen om at regneark HETER Excel og tekstbehandling HETER
6108 Word. Dette er en misforståelse som jeg bruker mye energi på å
6109 diskutere og "åpne sinn" på Microsoft-slaver.  Dessverre er det mange
6110 IKT-ansvarlige som også har låst seg på at det eneste saliggjørende er
6111 Bill G sine produkter.
6112
6113 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6114 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6115
6116 <p>For å komme lenger i utbredelsen av Skolelinux tror jeg det må mer
6117 fram i nasjonale medier, samt komme bedre fram hva økonomien i dette
6118 valget vil være – samt mulighetene. Fri programvare er en berikelse og
6119 gjør oss i stand til å utføre arbeidet i skolen uten å måtte legge
6120 igjen tusener på tusener i Bill Gates lomme.. Få ETT nettsted med
6121 forståelig veiledning av installasjon/oppgradering og ETT forum med
6122 konkrete feilrettinger og problemer, så tror jeg vi kunne kommet et
6123 par skritt framover. Ellers tror jeg bare at ildsjelene må fortsette å
6124 skinne – kanskje flere enn oss følger etter på veien.</p>
6125
6126       </div>
6127       <div class="tags">
6128
6129
6130         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6131
6132
6133       </div>
6134     </div>
6135     <div class="padding"></div>
6136
6137     <div class="entry">
6138       <div class="title">
6139         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_screencast__Checking_email_with_kmail_using_Kerberos_authentication.html">Debian Edu screencast: Checking email with kmail using Kerberos authentication</a>
6140       </div>
6141       <div class="date">
6142         25th March 2012
6143       </div>
6144       <div class="body">
6145         <!-- Video HTML based on http://www.diveintohtml5.net/video.html -->
6146
6147 <p>The same Debian Edu developer that did the last screen cast I
6148 published, Wolfgang Schweer, has created a new screen cast showing how
6149 to set up Kmail in Debian Edu Squeze to authenticate using Kerberos,
6150 allowing users to check their local email account without providing
6151 any password. The video is embedded here in quarter size,
6152 and also available from <a href="https://vimeo.com/38601767">vimeo</a>
6153 and download as a
6154 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv">Ogg
6155 Theora</a> file.  Check it out below.</p>
6156
6157 <p><video id="kmail-kerberos-movie" width="256" height="184" preload controls>
6158   <source src="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv" type='video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"' />
6159     <p>Download video as
6160       <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv">Ogg</a>.</p>
6161 </video></p>
6162
6163       </div>
6164       <div class="tags">
6165
6166
6167         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6168
6169
6170       </div>
6171     </div>
6172     <div class="padding"></div>
6173
6174     <div class="entry">
6175       <div class="title">
6176         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html">Større PC-tetthet i skolen med Skolelinux?</a>
6177       </div>
6178       <div class="date">
6179         19th March 2012
6180       </div>
6181       <div class="body">
6182         <p>Den siste uka har det vært en del skriverier om hvor store
6183 forskjeller det er mellom skolene når det gjelder digital kompetanse.
6184 Et eksempel er
6185 <a href="http://www.digi.no/891660/bekymret-for-it-i-skolen">oppslaget
6186 i Digi</a>.  Diskusjonen fikk meg til å bli litt nysgjerrig på om
6187 Linux-skoler har større PC-tettet enn snittet i landet.  Grunnlaget
6188 for diskusjonen har vært undersøkelsen
6189 <a href="https://iktsenteret.no/ressurser/monitor-2011-skolens-digitale-tilstand">Monitor
6190 2011</a>, som bruker informasjon fra
6191 <a href="https://www.wis.no/gsi">Grunnskolens Informasjonssystem</a>
6192 (GSI).  GSI-data kan lastes ned fra web og jeg lastet ned en Excel-fil
6193 (intet åpen standard-valg tilgjengelig) med navn på alle skoler,
6194 hvilke kommune de befinner seg i og hvor mange elever pr. elev-PC de
6195 har rapportert inn.  For å få en ide om svaret trenger jeg deretter å
6196 vite hvilke skoler i landet som bruker Linux, slik at jeg kan slå dem
6197 opp i GSI og finne ut hvor stor PC-tetthet de har.</p>
6198
6199 <p>Jeg vet om skoler i Balsfjord, Flora, Harstad, Kongsvinger, Narvik,
6200 Nittedal, Nord-Odal, Randaberg og Sunndal som bruker Skolelinux eller
6201 andre Linux-varianter.  Jeg tror det er flere enn de 56 skolene jeg
6202 har klart å identifisere de siste dagene, men har ikke klart å få det
6203 bekreftet med offentlige kilder.</p>
6204
6205 <p>Monitor 2011-rapporteres side 95 forteller at det "ifølge GSI
6206 (20120-2011) er det 3,11 elever per datamaskin når vi tar med alle
6207 grunnskoler (1.-10.trinn)".  For de 56 Linux-skolene jeg har klart å
6208 koble mot informasjon i GSI er det 2,28 elever per elevdatamaskin,
6209 hvilket betyr at det er 36% høyere PC-tetthet på Linux-skoler enn
6210 landsgjennomsnittet.  Linux-skolen med høyest tettet blant de jeg har
6211 notert -skole er Flora ungdomsskule i Flora kommune med 0.82 elev
6212 pr. PC (482 elever, 588 elevdatamaskiner).</p>
6213
6214 <p>Skolelinux gir datamaskiner lengre levetid, og en kan dermed få
6215 flere operative datamaskiner for samme budsjett, i tillegg til en
6216 rekke andre fordeler.  Kan det være forklaringen på forskjellen?</p>
6217
6218 <p>Tallene må tas med en liten klype, da GSI ser ut til å ha endel
6219 feilføringer.  Jeg synes i hvert fall en skole med 423 elever og 9
6220 elevmaskiner ser mistenkelig ut.  Eller en skole med 346 elever, 0
6221 elevmaskiner, som er et annet ekstremt eksempel jeg fant.</p>
6222
6223 <p>Takk til Sturle Sunde, Klaus Ade Johnstad, Ole-Anders Andreassen og
6224 Trond Mæhlum for innspill om skoler med Linux.</p>
6225
6226       </div>
6227       <div class="tags">
6228
6229
6230         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6231
6232
6233       </div>
6234     </div>
6235     <div class="padding"></div>
6236
6237     <div class="entry">
6238       <div class="title">
6239         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__John_Ingleby.html">Debian Edu interview: John Ingleby</a>
6240       </div>
6241       <div class="date">
6242         19th March 2012
6243       </div>
6244       <div class="body">
6245         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
6246 users are spread all across the globe.  The second inteview after
6247 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">the
6248 Squeeze release</a> was publised is with John Ingleby, a teacher and
6249 long time Linux user in United Kingdom.</p>
6250
6251 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
6252
6253 <p>I teach ICT part time at the Rudolf Steiner School in Kings
6254 Langley, near London, UK. Previously I worked as a technical
6255 author/trainer while my children attended the school, and I also
6256 contributed to the Schoolforge UK community with the aim of
6257 encouraging UK schools to adopt free/open source software. Five or six
6258 years ago we had about 50 schools interested in some way, but we
6259 weren't able to convert many of them into sustainable
6260 installations.</p>
6261
6262 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
6263 project?</strong></p>
6264
6265 <p>Skolelinux had two representatives at an early Edubuntu meeting in
6266 London which I attended. However at that time our school network had
6267 just been installed using CentOS, LTSP 4 and GNOME. When LTSP 5 came
6268 along we switched to Edubuntu thin client servers so now we have a
6269 mixed environment which includes Windows PCs and student laptops, as
6270 well as their MacBooks and iPads. However, the proprietary systems
6271 have always been rather problematic, and we never built a GUI for the
6272 LDAP server, so when I discovered Skolelinux is configured for all
6273 these things we decided to try it.</p>
6274
6275 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6276 Edu?</strong></p>
6277
6278 <p>By far the biggest advantage is the Debian Edu community. Apart
6279 from that I have always believed in the same "sustainable computing"
6280 goals that Skolelinux is built on: installing Linux on computers which
6281 would otherwise be thrown away, to provide a reliable, secure and
6282 low-cost IT environment for schools. From my own experience I know
6283 that a part-time person can teach and manage a network of about 25
6284 Linux computers, but it would take much more of my time if we had
6285 proprietary software everywhere.</p>
6286
6287 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6288 Edu?</strong></p>
6289
6290 <p>As a newcomer I'm just finding out who's who in the community and
6291 how you're organised, and what your procedures are for dealing with
6292 various things such as editing manual pages and so-on. The only
6293 English language mailing list seems to be for developers as well as
6294 users, so my inbox needs heavy pruning each day!</p>
6295
6296 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
6297
6298 <p>Besides the software already mentioned at school we use Samba,
6299 OpenLDAP, CUPS, Nagios and Dansguardian for the network, and on the
6300 desktops we have LibreOffice, Firefox, GIMP and Inkscape. At home I
6301 use Ubuntu and an Android 4 eePad Transformer (but I'm not sure if
6302 that counts...)</p>
6303
6304 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
6305 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
6306
6307 <p>That's a tough question! For very many years UK schools installed
6308 and taught only proprietary software, so that at the highest levels
6309 the notion of "computer" means simply "proprietary office
6310 applications".  However, schools today are experiencing budget
6311 constraints, and many are having to think hard about upgrading Windows
6312 XP.  At the same time, we have students showing teachers how to use
6313 iPads, MacBooks and Android, so the choice of operating system is no
6314 longer quite so automatic. What is more, our government at last
6315 realised that we need people with programming skills, so they're
6316 putting coding back in the curriculum! And it's encouraging that the
6317 first 10,000 Raspberry Pi units sold out in 2 hours.</p>
6318
6319 <p>I don't really know what strategy is going to get UK schools to use
6320 free software, but building an active community of Skolelinux/Debian
6321 Edu users in this country has to be part of it.</p>
6322
6323       </div>
6324       <div class="tags">
6325
6326
6327         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
6328
6329
6330       </div>
6331     </div>
6332     <div class="padding"></div>
6333
6334     <div class="entry">
6335       <div class="title">
6336         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Writing_and_translating_documentation_in_Debian_Edu.html">Writing and translating documentation in Debian Edu</a>
6337       </div>
6338       <div class="date">
6339         16th March 2012
6340       </div>
6341       <div class="body">
6342         <p>Documentation in Debian Edu is provided in several languages, and
6343 it is important to make it both easy to contribute and to keep the
6344 translated versions in sync.  To do this we have come up with what we
6345 believe is a very efficient work flow.</p>
6346
6347 <ol>
6348
6349 <li>The documentation is written in a
6350 <a href="http://moinmo.in">moinmoin wiki</a> (see for example
6351 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">the
6352 Squeeze release manual</a>) with support for exporting the content as
6353 docbook XML.</li>
6354
6355 <li>This docbook document is given to po4a to extract a gettext style
6356 .pot file with the content, which in turn is used to create .po files
6357 with the translated text.</li>
6358
6359 <li>The .po files are given to translators, and they can always tell
6360 which part of the original wiki document is new or changed.  They can
6361 use their normal translation tools like lokalize or poedit to write
6362 the translation.  There is even a system in place to handle translated
6363 images.</li>
6364
6365 <li>The translated .po files are combined with the original docbook
6366 XML document using po4a to create a translated docbook document.</li>
6367
6368 <li>The final step is to use all the generated docbook files and
6369 create PDF and HTML version of the original and translated documents.</li>
6370
6371 </ol>
6372
6373 <p>This setup work very well, but have a few issues.  The biggest
6374 issue is that <a href="http://moinmo.in/DocBook">the docbook support
6375 we use in moinmoin</a> is not actively maintained.  The docbook
6376 support is also buggy, and our build system contain workarounds to
6377 make sure the generated docbook is usable despite these bugs.</p>
6378
6379 <p>If you want to have a look at our setup, it is all there in the
6380 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/debian-edu-doc">debian-edu-doc
6381 package</a>.</p>
6382
6383       </div>
6384       <div class="tags">
6385
6386
6387         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6388
6389
6390       </div>
6391     </div>
6392     <div class="padding"></div>
6393
6394     <div class="entry">
6395       <div class="title">
6396         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/NUUG_presentasjon__Skolelinux___ferdig_oppsatt_skolenettl_sning.html">NUUG-presentasjon: Skolelinux - ferdig oppsatt skolenettløsning</a>
6397       </div>
6398       <div class="date">
6399         13th March 2012
6400       </div>
6401       <div class="body">
6402         <p>I dag presenterte jeg ny versjon av Skolelinux for NUUGs medlemmer.
6403 <a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/mypapers/20120313-skolelinux-squeeze.html">Lysark</a>
6404 er tilgjengelige allerede og
6405 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20120313-skolelinux/">video-opptak</a>
6406 kommer så snart videogruppa til NUUG får publisert den.  Jeg kom på
6407 endel punkter om nye ting i Squeeze-utgaven under veis som jeg burde
6408 hatt med, og har sikkert skrevet noe tull på lysarkene som jeg ennå
6409 ikke har oppdaget.  Denne presentasjonen ble smurt ihop på veldig kort
6410 tid, og jeg rakk ikke finpusse den.  Håper den kan være lærerik
6411 likevel.</p>
6412
6413       </div>
6414       <div class="tags">
6415
6416
6417         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
6418
6419
6420       </div>
6421     </div>
6422     <div class="padding"></div>
6423
6424     <div class="entry">
6425       <div class="title">
6426         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__K_re_Nordby.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Kåre Nordby</a>
6427       </div>
6428       <div class="date">
6429         12th March 2012
6430       </div>
6431       <div class="body">
6432         <p>Første ut i serien med intervjuer av folk i
6433 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet etter at
6434 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">ny
6435 versjon av Skolelinux</a> ble lansert i helga, er nylig valgte
6436 styremedlem i foreningen
6437 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
6438 Skolen</a> (FRiSK) som organiserer
6439 Skolelinux-utviklingen og daglig leder i
6440 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a>, selskapet
6441 prosjektet opprettet som et tilbud til skoler som ønsket en
6442 kommersiell samarbeidsparter.  Det bør nevnes at jeg er styremedlem i
6443 Skolelinux Drift AS og styreleder i selskapets hovedeier stiftelsen
6444 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/">SLX Debian Labs</a>
6445 som beskytter verdiene til Skolelinux-prosjektet, og kjenner Kåre den
6446 veien.</p>
6447
6448 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6449
6450 <p>Jeg har siden januar 2010 vært daglig leder i Skolelinux Drift AS,
6451 som leverer support, installasjon, tilpasning, drift, og opplæring på
6452 Debian Edu / Skolelinux. Fra 2012 er jeg valgt inn som styremedlem i
6453 FRiSK.  Min forrige jobb var som KAM i Redpill Linpro (som er en av
6454 eierne i Skolelinux Drift).  Før det var jeg daglig leder i et eget 7
6455 manns konsulent selskap som også startet med fri programvare mot
6456 slutten.</p>
6457
6458 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6459
6460 <p>Jeg hørte om det først når jeg jobbet i Redpill Linpro.  Men jeg
6461 har også en datter som går på en friskole, som også bruker Skolelinux.
6462 Som kjent har ikke friskoler de samme økonomiske rammebetingelsene som
6463 offentlige skoler, så for dem var det det absolutt beste alternativet.
6464 De anser også Skolelinux som et stabilt system, som bare går og går (i
6465 motsetning til det lille Windows-baserte nettverket de har på
6466 admin-siden).</p>
6467
6468 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6469
6470 <p>Sentralisert drift av tynne og diskløse arbeidsstasjoner. Således
6471 lydløse og raskere arbeidsstasjoner som er bedre i klasserommet.
6472 Lengre levetid på PC'er.  Store besparelser på maskinvare og drift. Og
6473 så klart fjerning av alle lisenskostnader. Personlig synes jeg også at
6474 mange av programmene er bedre enn alternativene. Men dette er ofte en
6475 smakssak og avhengig om man må ha det man er vant til fra før.</p>
6476
6477 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6478
6479 <p>For lite kjentskap til løsningen.  Noen ganger for dårlig
6480 kompatibilitet med arbeidsstasjoners/bærbare maskiner sine
6481 nettverksdrivere eller skjermkort. Men dette løser vi i skolene ved
6482 standardisering. Ellers er det få, om nesten ingen, av de kjente
6483 maskinvare / infrastruktur leverandørene til fylkes- / kommuner som
6484 tilbyr denne plattformen.  Skal dette endre seg så må kommunene selv
6485 sette slike krav til leverandørene.</p>
6486
6487 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6488
6489 <p>Har brukt OpenOffice.org siden starten (2001 ?), Kun Linux på
6490 desktop siden 2005. Bruker i dag Kubuntu, Libreoffice og ymse annet
6491 programvare til ulik kontorbruk som er lett å installere / teste via
6492 alle programarkivene som finnes.</p>
6493
6494 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6495 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6496
6497 <p>Fortsette å presentere flere av de gode eksemplene hvor Debian Edu
6498 / Skolelinux brukes i kommuner og enkeltskoler.  Vi må få bedre frem
6499 at det er mulig tilknytte både Windows og Mac klienter på denne
6500 plattformen (selv om det vil øke driftskostnadene).  Dette gjøres
6501 mange steder.  Spesielt er det mange lærere som ønsker å bruke
6502 Windows/Mac-bærbare, gjerne som sin private PC også. Det er også mulig
6503 for kommunen å integrere med Active Directory i stedet for OpenLDAP
6504 som kommer med ut av boksen (selv om også dette øker kostnadene).
6505 Dette vil muligens bidra til å fjerne noe motstand hos noen
6506 potensielle brukere / driftpersonell for å ta i bruk noe
6507 nytt. Fremveksten av mobile brukere og nettbrett går i vår favør.
6508 Brukerne blir kjent og vant til flere nye operativsystemer /
6509 brukergrensesnitt. Så utviklerfellesskapet bør jobbe videre med å
6510 integrere flere nye klienttyper, som ultra lav-kostklienter og
6511 nettbrett (blant annet fri programvare-alternativet
6512 <a href="http://makeplaylive.com/">Spark</a> med
6513 <a href="http://www.merproject.org/">Mer OS</a> og
6514 <a href="http://plasma-active.org/">KDE Active Plasma</a>).</p>
6515
6516       </div>
6517       <div class="tags">
6518
6519
6520         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6521
6522
6523       </div>
6524     </div>
6525     <div class="padding"></div>
6526
6527     <div class="entry">
6528       <div class="title">
6529         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_Squeeze_is_out_.html">Skolelinux / Debian Edu Squeeze is out!</a>
6530       </div>
6531       <div class="date">
6532         11th March 2012
6533       </div>
6534       <div class="body">
6535         <p>This weekend we finally published the first stable release of
6536 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a> based
6537 on Debian/Squeeze.  The full announcement is
6538 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">available</a>
6539 from the project announcement list.  Now is a good time to test if it
6540 you have not done so already.</p>
6541
6542 <p>I plan to present the new version at
6543 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20120313-skolelinux/">a NUUG
6544 meeting</a> on tuesday.  I look forward to seeing you there if you are
6545 in Oslo, Norway.</p>
6546
6547       </div>
6548       <div class="tags">
6549
6550
6551         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6552
6553
6554       </div>
6555     </div>
6556     <div class="padding"></div>
6557
6558     <div class="entry">
6559       <div class="title">
6560         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Nigel_Barker.html">Debian Edu interview: Nigel Barker</a>
6561       </div>
6562       <div class="date">
6563          9th March 2012
6564       </div>
6565       <div class="body">
6566         <p>Inspired by <a href="http://raphaelhertzog.com/tag/interview/">the
6567 interview series</a> conducted by Raphael, I started a Norwegian
6568 interview series with people involved in the Debian Edu / Skolelinux
6569 community.  This was so popular that I believe it is time to move to a
6570 more international audience.</p>
6571
6572 <p>While <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
6573 Skolelinux</a> originated in France and Norway, and have most users in
6574 Europe, there are users all around the globe.  One of those far away
6575 from me is Nigel Barker, a long time Debian Edu system administrator
6576 and contributor.  It is thanks to him that Debian Edu is adjusted to
6577 work out of the box in Japan.  I got him to answer a few questions,
6578 and am happy to share the response with you. :)
6579
6580
6581 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
6582
6583 <p>My name is Nigel Barker, and I am British. I am married to Yumiko,
6584 and we have three lovely children, aged 15, 14 and 4(!) I am the IT
6585 Coordinator at Hiroshima International School, Japan. I am also a
6586 teacher, and in fact I spend most of my day teaching Mathematics,
6587 Science, IT, and Chemistry. I was originally a Chemistry teacher, but
6588 I have always had an interest in computers. Another teacher teaches
6589 primary school IT, but apart from that I am the only computer person,
6590 so that means I am the network manager, technician and webmaster,
6591 also, and I help people with their computer problems. I teach python
6592 to beginners in an after-school club. I am way too busy, so I really
6593 appreciate the simplicity of Skolelinux.</p>
6594
6595 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
6596 project?</strong></p>
6597
6598 <p>In around 2004 or 5 I discovered the ltsp project, and set up a
6599 server in the IT lab. I wanted some way to connect it to our central
6600 samba server, which I was also quite poor at configuring. I discovered
6601 Edubuntu when it came out, but it didn't really improve my setup. I
6602 did various desperate searches for things like "school Linux server"
6603 and ended up in a document called "Drift" something or other. Reading
6604 there it became clear that Skolelinux was going to solve all my
6605 problems in one go. I was very excited, but apprehensive, because my
6606 previous attempts to install Debian had ended in failure (I used
6607 Mandrake for everything - ltsp, samba, apache, mail, ns...). I
6608 downloaded a beta version, had some problems, so subscribed to the
6609 Debian Edu list for help. I have remained subscribed ever since, and
6610 my school has run a Skolelinux network since Sarge.</p>
6611
6612 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6613 Edu?</strong></p>
6614
6615 <p>For me the integrated setup. This is not just the server, or the
6616 workstation, or the ltsp. Its all of them, and its all configured
6617 ready to go. I read somewhere in the early documentation that it is
6618 designed to be setup and managed by the Maths or Science teacher, who
6619 doesn't necessarily know much about computers, in a small Norwegian
6620 school. That describes me perfectly if you replace Norway with
6621 Japan.</p>
6622
6623 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6624 Edu?</strong></p>
6625
6626 <p>The desktop is fairly plain. If you compare it with Edubuntu, who
6627 have fun themes for children, or with distributions such as Mint, who
6628 make the desktop beautiful. They create a good impression on people
6629 who don't need to understand how to use any of it, but who might be
6630 important to the school. School administrators or directors, for
6631 instance, or parents. Even kids. Debian itself usually has ugly
6632 default theme settings. It was my dream a few years back that some
6633 kind of integration would allow Edubuntu to do the desktop stuff and
6634 Debian Edu the servers, but now I realise how impossible that is.  A
6635 second disadvantage is that if something goes wrong, or you need to
6636 customise something, then suddenly the level of expertise required
6637 multiplies. For example, backup wasn't working properly in Lenny. It
6638 took me ages to learn how to set up my own server to do rsync backups.
6639 I am afraid of anything to do with ldap, but perhaps Gosa will
6640 help.</p>
6641
6642 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
6643
6644 <p>Nowadays I only use Debian on my personal computers. I have one for
6645 studio work (I play guitar and write songs), running AV Linux
6646 (customised Debian) a netbook running Squeeze, and a bigger laptop
6647 still running Skolelinux Lenny workstation. I have a Tjener in my
6648 house, that's very useful for the family photos and music.  At school
6649 the students only use Skolelinux. (Some teachers and the office still
6650 have windows). So that means we only use free software all day every
6651 day. Open office, The GIMP, Firefox/Iceweasel, VLC and Audacity are
6652 installed on every computer in school, irrespective of OS.  We also
6653 have Koha on Debian for the library, and Apache, Moodle, b2evolution
6654 and Etomite on Debian for the www. The firewall is Untangle.</p>
6655
6656 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
6657 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
6658
6659 <p>Current trends are in our favour. Open source is big in industry,
6660 and ordinary people have heard of it. The spread of Android and the
6661 popularity of Apple have helped to weaken the impression that you have
6662 to have Microsoft on everything. People complain to me much less about
6663 file formats and Word than they did 5 years ago.  The Edu aspect is
6664 also a selling point. This is all customised for schools. Where is the
6665 Windows-edu, or the Mac-edu?  But of course the main attraction is
6666 budget.The trick is to convince people that the quality is not
6667 compromised when you stop paying and use free software instead. That
6668 is one reason why I say the desktop experience is a weakness. People
6669 are not impressed when their USB drive doesn't work, or their browser
6670 doesn't play flash, for example.</p>
6671
6672       </div>
6673       <div class="tags">
6674
6675
6676         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
6677
6678
6679       </div>
6680     </div>
6681     <div class="padding"></div>
6682
6683     <div class="entry">
6684       <div class="title">
6685         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_screencast__Mass_creation_of_user_accounts_in_Squeeze.html">Debian Edu screencast: Mass creation of user accounts in Squeeze</a>
6686       </div>
6687       <div class="date">
6688          7th March 2012
6689       </div>
6690       <div class="body">
6691         <!-- Video HTML based on http://www.diveintohtml5.net/video.html -->
6692
6693 <p>One of the Debian Edu developers, Wolfgang Schweer, just created a
6694 screen cast documenting how to create a lot of new users in LDAP on
6695 Debian Edu Squeeze.  The video is embedded here in quarter size, and
6696 also available from <a href="http://vimeo.com/37675399">vimeo</a> and
6697 download as a
6698 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv">Ogg
6699 Theora</a> file.  Check it out below.</p>
6700
6701 <p><video id="gosa-mass-user-create-movie" width="256" height="184" preload controls>
6702   <source src="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv" type='video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"' />
6703     <p>Download video as
6704       <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv">Ogg</a>.</p>
6705 </video></p>
6706
6707       </div>
6708       <div class="tags">
6709
6710
6711         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6712
6713
6714       </div>
6715     </div>
6716     <div class="padding"></div>
6717
6718     <div class="entry">
6719       <div class="title">
6720         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Third release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
6721       </div>
6722       <div class="date">
6723          4th March 2012
6724       </div>
6725       <div class="body">
6726         <p>This weekend we wrapped up and published the third release
6727 candidate for <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
6728 Skolelinux</a> based on Squeeze.  The full announcement is
6729 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00000.html">available</a>
6730 from the project announcement list.  Check it out if you
6731 need a software solution for your school.</p>
6732
6733       </div>
6734       <div class="tags">
6735
6736
6737         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6738
6739
6740       </div>
6741     </div>
6742     <div class="padding"></div>
6743
6744     <div class="entry">
6745       <div class="title">
6746         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Stopmotion_for_making_stop_motion_animations_on_Linux___reloaded.html">Stopmotion for making stop motion animations on Linux - reloaded</a>
6747       </div>
6748       <div class="date">
6749          3rd March 2012
6750       </div>
6751       <div class="body">
6752         <p>Many years ago, the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux
6753 / Debian Edu project</a> initiated a student project to create a tool
6754 for making stop motion movies.  The proposal came from a teacher
6755 needing such tool on Skolelinux.  The project, called "stopmotion",
6756 was manned by two extraordinary students and won a school award and a
6757 national aware with this great project.  The project was initiated and
6758 mentored by Herman Robak, and manned by the students Bjørn Erik Nilsen
6759 and Fredrik Berg Kjølstad.  They got in touch with people at Aardman
6760 Animation studio and received feedback on how professionals would like
6761 such stopmotion tool to work, and the end result was and is used by
6762 animators around the globe.  But as is usual after studying, both got
6763 jobs and went elsewhere, and did not have time to properly tend to the
6764 project, and it has been lingering for a few years now.  Until last
6765 year...</p>
6766
6767 <p>Last year some of the users got together with Herman, and moved the
6768 project to Sourceforge and in effect restarted the project under a new
6769 name,
6770 <a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/linuxstopmotion/">linuxstopmotion</a>.
6771 The name change was done to make it possible to find the project using
6772 Internet search engines (try to search for 'stopmotion' to see what I
6773 mean). I've been following
6774 <a href="https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/linuxstopmotion-community">the
6775 mailing list</a> and the improvement already in place and planned for
6776 the future is encouraging.  If you want to make stop motion movies.
6777 Check it out. :)</p>
6778
6779       </div>
6780       <div class="tags">
6781
6782
6783         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
6784
6785
6786       </div>
6787     </div>
6788     <div class="padding"></div>
6789
6790     <div class="entry">
6791       <div class="title">
6792         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Frode_Danielsen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Frode Danielsen</a>
6793       </div>
6794       <div class="date">
6795         27th February 2012
6796       </div>
6797       <div class="body">
6798         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
6799 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet møter vi
6800 denne gangen Frode Danielsen, som er leder for en IT-virksomhet som
6801 passer på IT-løsningen til flere kommuner i Hedmark-området, der noen
6802 av dem bruker Skolelinux i dag.</p>
6803
6804 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6805
6806 <p>Daglig leder i <a href="http://www.hedmarken-ikt.no/">Hedmark
6807 IKT</a>. En interkommunal IKT-virksomhet for Stange, Nord-Odal,
6808 Kongsvinger, Grue, Løten og Hamar kommuner. Vi er 32 ansatte</p>
6809
6810 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6811
6812 <p>Vi har vært i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet i flere
6813 sammenhenger, blant annet gjennom et par piloter som ikke har ført til
6814 noe konkret resultat.  Nå sist gjennom satsingen på skolelinux i Grue,
6815 Kongsvinger og Nord-Odal.</p>
6816
6817 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong>
6818 <br><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6819
6820 <p>Jeg tror alle løsninger har fordeler og ulemper, litt avhengig av
6821 hvilket ståsted du selv har, så jeg unnlater å svare på dette.</p>
6822
6823 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6824
6825 <p>Ingen for min egen del, men vi har noe fri programvare i våre
6826 løsninger.</p>
6827
6828 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6829 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6830
6831 <p>Jeg tror ikke man skal ha en slik strategi.  Man bør ha en strategi
6832 basert på å løse fremtidige behov, og velge løsninger som støtter opp
6833 under dette.</p>
6834
6835       </div>
6836       <div class="tags">
6837
6838
6839         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6840
6841
6842       </div>
6843     </div>
6844     <div class="padding"></div>
6845
6846     <div class="entry">
6847       <div class="title">
6848         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Second release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
6849       </div>
6850       <div class="date">
6851         27th February 2012
6852       </div>
6853       <div class="body">
6854         <p>This weekend we wrapped up and published the second release
6855 candidate for <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
6856 Skolelinux</a> based on Squeeze.  The full announcement did for some
6857 reason not make it the project announcement list, but is
6858 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-devel-announce/2012/02/msg00015.html">available</a>
6859 from the Debian development announcement list.  Check it out if you
6860 need a software solution for your school.</p>
6861
6862       </div>
6863       <div class="tags">
6864
6865
6866         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6867
6868
6869       </div>
6870     </div>
6871     <div class="padding"></div>
6872
6873     <div class="entry">
6874       <div class="title">
6875         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Knut_Yrvin.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Knut Yrvin</a>
6876       </div>
6877       <div class="date">
6878         21st February 2012
6879       </div>
6880       <div class="body">
6881         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
6882 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi nå
6883 høre fra nyvalgt leder i foreningen
6884 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
6885 Skolen</a> og en av stifterne av Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
6886
6887 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6888
6889 <p>Knut Yrvin her. Jobber i Nokia med å fremme rammeverket Qt og QML
6890 med tilhørende utviklerverktøy. Rollen er som leder av
6891 friprog-samfunn. I fjor var jeg med å legge om utviklingen av Qt til
6892 åpen forvaltning.  På den måten kan alle som bidrar til Qt gjøre det
6893 på like vilkår.  Nå er det
6894 <a href="http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2011/12/22/qt-5-%E2%80%93-a-look-back-at-the-numbers/">over
6895 1000 utviklere</a> som bidrar til Qt. Med overgangen til åpen
6896 forvaltning er utviklingen av Qt mer åpen enn Linux-kjernen.</p>
6897
6898 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6899
6900 <p>Jeg var en av initiativtagerne til Skolelinux i 2001. Skolene slet
6901 med både utstyr og Internett-tilgang. De klarte ikke å møte
6902 forventningene til data i skolen. Driften av PC-ene var uholdbar. Som
6903 regel hadde rektor pekt ut en ivrig lærer til å passe på PC-ene,
6904 gjerne naturfaglæreren. Mange lærere jobbet mye ubetalt overtid for å
6905 vedlikeholde 30-40 datamaskiner på hver sin skole. Med 300 elever og
6906 lærere som brukere, blir det fort mye mer arbeid enn de 4-8 timene de
6907 kunne bruke på PC-drift. Skolene hadde kun en femtedel av
6908 IT-budsjettet som ble brukt på PC-ene i rådhuset.</p>
6909
6910 <p>Vi erfarte at skolene hadde mye datautstyr som stod ubrukt. Skolene
6911 manglet penger til Microsoft-lisenser. Selv med solide skolerabatter,
6912 kostet Microsoft-lisensene gjerne like mye som PC-ene i seg selv over
6913 en periode på 5-6 år.</p>
6914
6915 <p>Viktigheten av språklig mangfold og pedagogiske programmer var også
6916 viktig for oss. Vi oversatte mange skoleaktuelle programmer til
6917 nynorsk, nordsamisk og bokmål. Dette lenge før andre tok denne
6918 oppgaven seriøst.  Allerede etter ett år hadde vi etablert et helt
6919 arsenal av skoleaktuelle programmer på nynorsk, bokmål og
6920 nordsamisk. Vi spredde vår ide om språklig mangfold til de andre frie
6921 prosjekter internasjonalt. Resultatene ser vi i mange land. Det er de
6922 frie programmene som kommer på brukernes morsmål. Det er en av flere
6923 gode grunner til at fri programvare som LibreOffice, VLC, KDE og
6924 Firefox konkurrerer ut godseid programvare mange steder i verden.</p>
6925
6926 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6927
6928 <p>Fordelene er at Skolelinux tilbyr over 100 skoleaktuelle programmer
6929 på de norske språkene, uten ett øre i lisenskostnader. Systemet gir
6930 enormt lave driftskostnader med diskløse arbeidsstasjoner og bærbare
6931 med roaming.  Skolelinux krever også mindre av maskinvaren.</p>
6932
6933 <p>Man kan fint kjøre systemet med 512 MB RAM på en bærbar PC sammen
6934 med en nettvideo i nettleseren og en presentasjon med
6935 LibreOffice. Konkurrerende system krever fort 2 GB RAM for å få til
6936 noe tilsvarende uten at det går ufattelig tregt. Skal man gjøre noe
6937 nyttig, krever konkurrentene til Linux mye større harddisk. Skoler har
6938 rapportert at de fort har fått 50% flere nye maskiner om de velger
6939 Linux. Dette i tillegg til de årlige besparelsene ved å unngå
6940 lisensbetaling til godseid programvare.</p>
6941
6942 <p>De lave driftskostnadene gjør at delstater i Europa har titusener
6943 av datamaskiner med Skolelinux i skolen. F.eks. er det under ti
6944 personer som drifter 70.000 PC-systemer i skolene i Extremadura i
6945 Spania. Det er slett ikke uvanlig at norske kommuner har 1500-2000
6946 datamaskiner med Skolelinux.  Driften tar ett årsverk. Slår flere
6947 kommuner seg sammen, kan de få samme sentraliserte stordriftsfordeler
6948 som delstater i Tyskland og Spania.  Delstater som kjører Skolelinux
6949 på alle skolene. Bare noen få personer sentraldrifter titusenvis av
6950 PC-er.</p>
6951
6952 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6953
6954 <p>Den største ulempen for Skolelinux er motstand mot Linux fra
6955 IT-sjefer i det offentlige. Dette er ledere som holder innlegg som
6956 snytt ut av evangelist-håndboka til Microsoft. Dette gjøres i ett
6957 arbeidsmarked med stor vekst i etterspørselen etter Linux-fagfolk i
6958 privat sektor.  Etterspørselen har økt mer enn noe annet tekniske yrke
6959 siste tiåret.  Åtte av ti ledere vil ansette Linux-fagfolk i 2012,
6960 rapporterer jobbnettstedet Dice.com på oppdrag av Linux
6961 Foundation.</p>
6962
6963 <p>Det mangler 16.000 ingeniører og IKT-fagfolk i Norge rapporterte
6964 arbeids- og velferdsetaten NAV. Linux-fagfolk kan velge svært
6965 interessante jobber med alt fra apps på ledende mobilsystem laget med
6966 Linux, sky- tjenester eller web-applikasjoner. De raskest voksende
6967 teknologiselskapene i verden er ute etter Linux-fagfolk. Det være seg
6968 Amazon, Google, Facebook og IBM for å nevne noen. Linux er kritisk
6969 for å sikre veksten i markedet. Det sier seg selv at lønningene og
6970 jobbmulighetene er bedre enn for andre tekniske yrker.</p>
6971
6972 <p>Skal man lage apps for mobilen, smart-TV-en eller
6973 underholdningssystemet i bilen eller på flyet, er det Linux som
6974 gjelder. Med en slik konkurranse om Linux-kompetansen, kombinert med
6975 motstanden mot Linux hos mange IT-sjefer i offentlig sektor, så
6976 hindrer kommunene rekruttering av flere Linux- fagfolk. Skolene blir
6977 tvunget til å velge dyrere og mindre komplette IT-system. De har
6978 blitt hengende igjen slik IT var på begynnelsen av 2000- tallet. Dette
6979 fordi IT-ledere ikke har tilpasset seg markedet det siste tiåret.</p>
6980
6981 <p>Når det er sagt, er Skolelinux svært enkelt å lære seg også for de
6982 som ikke kan. Det viser alle lærerne som drifter systemet for
6983 hundrevis og tusenvis av systemer. Det meste er på plass rett ut av
6984 boksen. I tillegg er det solid med dokumentasjon med god hjelp på
6985 nettet. Det er mange kommuner som har ansatt en lærer som først lærte
6986 Skolelinux på sin skole, for så å drifte alle PC-ene i kommunen med
6987 Skolelinux. Det kan fort være snakk om 1000-3000 datamaskiner på 10-15
6988 skoler som sentraldriftes med en stilling.  Står man ordentlig fast,
6989 kan man også kjøpe profesjonell hjelp fra selskap som støtter
6990 Skolelinux. Det er flere slike selskap i Norge og i utlandet.</p>
6991
6992 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6993
6994 <p>Qt SDK, LibreOffice, Firefox, VLC og KDE-skrivebordet. Dette på et
6995 Debian-basert GNU/Linux-system. Jeg bruker også noen morsomme
6996 3D-spill. Idag kan jeg velge mellom over 30.000 Linux-programmer. Det
6997 finnes ikke tid i livet å undersøke alle valgmulighetene. Derfor er
6998 det bra med Skolelinux i skolen, da utvalget av programmer er
6999 begrenset til hva som er aktuelt i skolefagene.</p>
7000
7001 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7002 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7003
7004 <p>Vi må selge hele Skolelinux forhåndsinstallert på maskinvare i hele
7005 pakker med 50-100-1000 PC-klienter med servere. Dette kan selges til
7006 enkeltskoler eller hele kommuner. Pakken må inneholde tjenermaskiner,
7007 svært rimelige diskløse arbeidsstasjoner, nettbrett med Plasma Active,
7008 og bærbare med roaming. Alt er godt testet med Debian. I et slikt
7009 anbud er det mulig å legge til sentraliserte drifts- og
7010 støttetjenester.</p>
7011
7012 <p>Man bør også selge sky-tjenester som læreadministrative systemet
7013 Moodle og driftsovervåking. I tillegg så bør man slenge seg på med
7014 presentasjoner de gangene LibreOffice og andre friprog-produkter
7015 selges til kommuner.</p>
7016
7017       </div>
7018       <div class="tags">
7019
7020
7021         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7022
7023
7024       </div>
7025     </div>
7026     <div class="padding"></div>
7027
7028     <div class="entry">
7029       <div class="title">
7030         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">First release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
7031       </div>
7032       <div class="date">
7033         19th February 2012
7034       </div>
7035       <div class="body">
7036         <p>One week delayed due to DVD build problems, we managed today to
7037 wrap up and publish the first release candidate for
7038 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
7039 on Squeeze.  The full announcement is
7040 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/02/msg00001.html">available</a>
7041 on the project announcement list.  Check it out if you need a software
7042 solution for your school.</p>
7043
7044       </div>
7045       <div class="tags">
7046
7047
7048         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7049
7050
7051       </div>
7052     </div>
7053     <div class="padding"></div>
7054
7055     <div class="entry">
7056       <div class="title">
7057         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Olav_Dahlum.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Olav Dahlum</a>
7058       </div>
7059       <div class="date">
7060         18th February 2012
7061       </div>
7062       <div class="body">
7063         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
7064 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi nå
7065 høre fra et nyvalgt medlem i foreningen
7066 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
7067 Skolen</a>.</p>
7068
7069 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7070
7071 <p>Jeg heter Olav Dahlum, og er frilans oversetter, tester,
7072 prosjektleder og bruker av fri og åpen programvare som
7073 LibreOffice. Jeg er også et av styremedlemmene i FRISK.</p>
7074
7075 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7076
7077 <p>Jeg kom i kontakt med prosjektet i 2009, da jeg ble ansatt i
7078 stiftelsen Åpne kontorprogram på norsk for å oversette og teste den
7079 norske utgaven av OpenOffice.org. Arbeidet har hele tiden vært
7080 koordinert sammen med Skolelinux, og mange av de samme menneskene er
7081 involvert, så på den måten ble jeg en del av den utvidede
7082 familien.</p>
7083
7084 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7085
7086 <p>Skolelinux handler i likhet med utdanningssektoren om å dele
7087 kunnskap med andre, og det er dette som er hovedstyrken til
7088 prosjektet.  Selv om Skolelinux hovedsaklig er involvert i utvikling
7089 av programvare, er det også et sted der man kan utfolde seg uavhengig
7090 av bakgrunn og ferdigheter.</p>
7091
7092 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7093
7094 <p>Liten utbredelse og manglende støtte fra leverandører som leverer
7095 pedagogisk programvare til skolebruk.  Kunne kanskje hatt flere
7096 verktøy som letter administrasjonen ytterligere, slik at også mindre
7097 erfarne databrukere kan utføre lett vedlikehold og rutinejobber.</p>
7098
7099 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7100
7101 <p>Jeg er nesten forpliktet til å si at jeg bruker LibreOffice... Jeg
7102 bruker forøvrig frie og åpne operativsystemer basert på
7103 operativsystemkjernen Linux, for tiden openSUSE 12,1 med KDE4.  Men
7104 hvis jeg skal dra fram noen flere eksempler så er nok Mozilla Firefox
7105 og Thunderbird to av de jeg bruker mest. I tillegg er jeg en flittig
7106 bruker av OpenSSH, Irssi, Midnight Commander, Git, Subversion,
7107 Translation Toolkit og Super Maryo Chronicles (litt gøy skal man ha,
7108 og med to håndkontroller liggende er det ikke til å unngå).</p>
7109
7110 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7111 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7112
7113 <p>Vi må få leverandører av pedagogisk programvare med på laget, men
7114 også utvikle vår egen tilpasset det norske markedet.  Det er også
7115 mulig å involvere utdanningssektoren direkte i arbeidet, for eksempel
7116 gjennom studentprosjekter der elevene selv er med å utforme
7117 programvare direkte eller indirekte gjennom aktive bidrag.  Dette gjør
7118 ikke bare samarbeidet tettere, men fokuset på standarder og friheten
7119 til å velge sin egen løsning vil kanskje stimulere interessen for
7120 framtidig deltakelse i bransjen.  Vi som driver med fri og åpen
7121 programvare ønsker oss ikke rene konsumenter, men tenkende og
7122 selvstendige individer som kan være med å skape sin egen fremtid.</p>
7123
7124       </div>
7125       <div class="tags">
7126
7127
7128         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7129
7130
7131       </div>
7132     </div>
7133     <div class="padding"></div>
7134
7135     <div class="entry">
7136       <div class="title">
7137         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_proxy_configuration_with_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux.html">Automatic proxy configuration with Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
7138       </div>
7139       <div class="date">
7140         13th February 2012
7141       </div>
7142       <div class="body">
7143         <p>New in the Squeeze version of
7144 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> is the
7145 ability for clients to automatically configure their proxy settings
7146 based on their environment.  We want all systems on the client to use
7147 the WPAD based proxy definition fetched from <tt>http://wpad/wpad.dat</tt>, to
7148 allow sites to control the proxy setting from a central place and make
7149 sure clients do not have hard coded proxy settings.  The schools can
7150 change the global proxy setting by editing
7151 <tt>tjener:/etc/debian-edu/www/wpad.dat</tt> and the change propagate
7152 to all Debian Edu clients in the network.</p>
7153
7154 <p>The problem is that some systems do not understand the WPAD system.
7155 In other words, how do one get from a WPAD file like this (this is a
7156 simple one, they can run arbitrary code):</p>
7157
7158 <blockquote><pre>
7159 function FindProxyForURL(url, host)
7160 {
7161    if (!isResolvable(host) ||
7162        isPlainHostName(host) ||
7163        dnsDomainIs(host, ".intern"))
7164       return "DIRECT";
7165    else
7166       return "PROXY webcache:3128; DIRECT";
7167 }
7168 </pre></blockquote>
7169
7170 <p>to a proxy setting in the process environment looking like this:</p>
7171
7172 <blockquote><pre>
7173 http_proxy=http://webcache:3128/
7174 ftp_proxy=http://webcache:3128/
7175 </pre></blockquote>
7176
7177 <p>To do this conversion I developed a perl script that will execute
7178 the javascript fragment in the WPAD file and return the proxy that
7179 would be used for
7180 <tt><a href="http://www.debian.org/">http://www.debian.org/</a></tt>,
7181 and insert this extracted proxy URL in <tt>/etc/environment</tt> and
7182 <tt>/etc/apt/apt.conf</tt>.  The perl script wpad-extract work just
7183 fine in Squeeze, but in Wheezy the library it need to run the
7184 javascript code is <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/631045">no longer
7185 able to build</a> because the C library it depended on is now a C++
7186 library.  I hope someone find a solution to that problem before Wheezy
7187 is frozen.  An alternative would be for us to rewrite wpad-extract to
7188 use some other javascript library currently working in Wheezy, but no
7189 known alternative is known at the moment.</p>
7190
7191 <p>This automatic proxy system allow the roaming workstation (aka
7192 laptop) setup in Debian Edu/Squeeze to use the proxy when the laptop
7193 is connected to the backbone network in a Debian Edu setup, and to
7194 automatically use any proxy present and announced using the WPAD
7195 feature when it is connected to other networks.  And if no proxy is
7196 announced, direct connections will be used instead.</p>
7197
7198 <p>Silently using a proxy announced on the network might be a privacy
7199 or security problem.  But those controlling DHCP and DNS on a network
7200 could just as easily set up a transparent proxy, and force all HTTP
7201 and FTP connections to use a proxy anyway, so I consider that
7202 distinction to be academic.  If you are afraid of using the wrong
7203 proxy, you should avoid connecting to the network in question in the
7204 first place.  In Debian Edu, the proxy setup is updated using dhcp and
7205 ifupdown hooks, to make sure the configuration is updated every time
7206 the network setup changes.</p>
7207
7208 <p>The WPAD system is documented in a
7209 <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-wrec-wpad-01">IETF
7210 draft</a> and a
7211 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_Proxy_Autodiscovery_Protocol">Wikipedia
7212 page</a> for those that want to learn more.</p>
7213
7214       </div>
7215       <div class="tags">
7216
7217
7218         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7219
7220
7221       </div>
7222     </div>
7223     <div class="padding"></div>
7224
7225     <div class="entry">
7226       <div class="title">
7227         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Axel_Bojer.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Axel Bojer</a>
7228       </div>
7229       <div class="date">
7230          7th February 2012
7231       </div>
7232       <div class="body">
7233         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
7234 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet har jeg
7235 fått en av oversetterne som har vært med siden starten i tale.</p>
7236
7237 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7238
7239 <p>Jeg heter Axel Bojer og er datalærer, tysklærer, oversetter med
7240 mere.</p>
7241
7242 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7243
7244 <p>Tror jeg så en annonsering på nettet i slutten av 2001 og ville
7245 være med som oversetter.  Jeg kom med på en utviklersamling og
7246 prosjektet var da helt i starten.  Det var spennende å være med mens
7247 prosjektet vokste til og utviklet seg.</p>
7248
7249 <p>Jeg har «alltid» vært språkinteressert og hadde nettopp startet med
7250 Linux og tror jeg tenkte det passet å bidra.  Var også glad for å få
7251 en Debian-distribusjon, og ville gjerne bruke den selv.  Til å begynne
7252 med brukte jeg først Mandrake og så Debian. Og siden jeg oppdaget at
7253 det ikke var noen mulighet for å bruke den som enkeltstående i lang
7254 tid, så gikk jeg etterhvert over til Kubuntu</p>
7255
7256 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7257
7258 <p>Løsningen er forholdsvis lett å sette opp, gratis, fri programvare
7259 og gjør det mulig å gjenbruke eldre maskiner.  Det fine med Debian er
7260 at det er stabilt og har en veldig stor mengde programmer. Jeg liker
7261 også apt.  :-) Jeg liker også friheten ved Linux og muligheten til å
7262 delta og forme sin egen datahverdag.</p>
7263
7264 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7265
7266 <p>Skolelinux er for lite kjent og for sent ute med å gi ut nye
7267 versjoner.</p>
7268
7269 <p>Da jeg selv i hovedsak bruker Kubuntu, så kan jeg egentlig ikke
7270 svare så detaljert rundt ulempene med Skolelinux.  Hovedårsaken til at
7271 jeg bruker Kubuntu er nok at da vi begynte med det mener jeg det ikke
7272 var noen annen løsning.  «Vandrende arbeidsstasjon» mener jeg ikke
7273 fantes da.  Dessuten ville jeg ha siste versjon, da den KDE-versjonen
7274 som var i Skolelinux den gangen var en god del enklere (tror det var
7275 KDE 2) var dårligere i mine øyne enn versjon 3.</p>
7276
7277 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7278
7279 <p>Jeg bruker blant annet Kubuntu, LibreOffice, Thunderbird, Firefox,
7280 Kate, <a href="http://comix.sourceforge.net/">Comix</a> og Konsole.  Og
7281 en hel haug andre ved behov :-)</p>
7282
7283 <p>Har oversatt Comix selv, men det er jo ikke skjedd noe med Comix
7284 siden 2009, så den er det nok bare jeg som har.  Om andre vil ha den
7285 gir jeg den gjerne videre.  Ser at noen har startet på
7286 <a href="http://mcomix.sourceforge.net/">MComix</a> siden jeg så på så
7287 på dette sist, så nå er jeg igang med å teste og oversette den
7288 også.</p>
7289
7290 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7291 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7292
7293 <p>Det viktigste er å forankre beslutningen i kollegiet og med de som
7294 er ansvarlige for å vedlikeholde og bruke datamaskinene.  Flest mulig
7295 bør være med på å holde det (sosialt) vedlike, kjenne og støtte
7296 prinsippene. Som enkeltmannsprosjekt blir det lett veldig sårbart,
7297 særlig når (Skole)linux ennå i stor grad er en motkultur og ikke noe
7298 en stor nok andel av beslutningstakere, brukere osv kjenner til og
7299 bruker.</p>
7300
7301 <p>Jeg tror det viktigste er å fortsette å holde fri programvare godt,
7302 oppdatert, minimere antall feil, ha en god kontakt med brukerne og
7303 attraktivt og spennende programmer. Beholde alt som er bra og ha det
7304 tilgjengelig samtidig som man tilbyr det nyeste og rareste for de som
7305 vil ha det.</p>
7306
7307       </div>
7308       <div class="tags">
7309
7310
7311         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7312
7313
7314       </div>
7315     </div>
7316     <div class="padding"></div>
7317
7318     <div class="entry">
7319       <div class="title">
7320         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Saving_power_with_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_using_shutdown_at_night.html">Saving power with Debian Edu / Skolelinux using shutdown-at-night</a>
7321       </div>
7322       <div class="date">
7323          5th February 2012
7324       </div>
7325       <div class="body">
7326         <p>Since the Lenny version of
7327 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>, a
7328 feature to save power have been included.  It is as simple as it is
7329 practical: Shut down unused clients at night, and turn them on again
7330 in the morning.  This is done using the
7331 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/shutdown-at-night.html">shutdown-at-night</a> Debian package.</p>
7332
7333 <p>To enable this feature on a client, the machine need to be added to
7334 the netgroup shutdown-at-night-hosts.  For Debian Edu, this is done in
7335 LDAP, and once this is in place, the machine in question will check
7336 every hour from 16:00 until 06:00 to see if the machine is unused, and
7337 shut it down if it is.  If the hardware in question is supported by
7338 the
7339 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/n/nvram-wakeup.html">nvram-wakeup</a>
7340 package, the BIOS is told to turn the machine back on around 07:00 +-
7341 10 minutes.  If this isn't working, one can configure wake-on-lan to
7342 try to turn on the client.  The wake-on-lan option is only documented
7343 and not enabled by default in Debian Edu.</p>
7344
7345 <p>It is important to not turn all machines on at once, as this can
7346 blow a fuse if several computers are connected to the same fuse like
7347 the common setup for a classroom.  The nvram-wakeup method only work
7348 for machines with a functioning hardware/BIOS clock.  I've seen old
7349 machines where the BIOS battery were dead and the hardware clock were
7350 starting from 0 (or was it 1990?) every boot.  If you have one of
7351 those, you have to turn on the computer manually.</p>
7352
7353 <p>The shutdown-at-night package is completely self contained, and can
7354 also be used outside the Debian Edu environment.  For those without a
7355 central LDAP server with netgroups, one can instead touch the file
7356 <tt>/etc/shutdown-at-night/shutdown-at-night</tt> to enable it.
7357 Perhaps you too can use it to save some power?</p>
7358
7359       </div>
7360       <div class="tags">
7361
7362
7363         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7364
7365
7366       </div>
7367     </div>
7368     <div class="padding"></div>
7369
7370     <div class="entry">
7371       <div class="title">
7372         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_beta_version_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Third beta version of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
7373       </div>
7374       <div class="date">
7375          4th February 2012
7376       </div>
7377       <div class="body">
7378         <p>I am happy to announce that finally we managed today to wrap up and
7379 publish the third beta version of
7380 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
7381 on Squeeze.  If you want to test a LDAP backed Kerberos server with
7382 out of the box PXE configuration for running diskless machines and
7383 installing new machines, check it out.  If you need a software
7384 solution for your school, check it out too.  The full announcement is
7385 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/02/msg00000.html">available</a>
7386 on the project announcement list.</p>
7387
7388 <p>I am very happy to report these changes and improvements since
7389 beta2 (there are more, see announcement for full list):</p>
7390
7391 <ul>
7392
7393 <li>It is now possible to change the pre-configured IP subnet from
7394   10.0.0.0/8 to something else by using the subnet-change tool after
7395   the installation.</li>
7396
7397 <li>Too full partitions are now automatically extended on the Main
7398   Server, based on the rules specified in /etc/fsautoresizetab.</li>
7399
7400 <li>The CUPS queues are now automatically flushed every night, and all
7401   disabled queues are restarted every hour.  This should cut down on
7402   the amount of manual administration needed for printers.</li>
7403
7404 <li>The set of initial users have been changed.  Now a personal user
7405   for the local system administrator is created during installation
7406   instead of the previously created localadmin and super-admin users,
7407   and this user is granted administrative privileges using group
7408   membership.  This reduces the number of passwords one need to keep
7409   up to date on the system.</li>
7410
7411 </ul>
7412
7413 <p>The new main server seem to work so well that I am testing it as my
7414 private DNS/LDAP/Kerberos/PXE/LTSP server at home.  I will use it look
7415 for issues we could fix to polish Debian Edu even further before the
7416 final Squeeze release is published.</p>
7417
7418 <p>Next weekend the project organise a
7419 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/01/msg00001.html">developer
7420 gathering</a> in Oslo.  We will continue the work on the Squeeze
7421 version, and start initial planning for the Wheezy version.  Perhaps I
7422 will see you there?</p>
7423
7424       </div>
7425       <div class="tags">
7426
7427
7428         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7429
7430
7431       </div>
7432     </div>
7433     <div class="padding"></div>
7434
7435     <div class="entry">
7436       <div class="title">
7437         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Handling_non_free_firmware_in_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Handling non-free firmware in Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
7438       </div>
7439       <div class="date">
7440         27th January 2012
7441       </div>
7442       <div class="body">
7443         <p>With some computer hardware, one need non-free firmware blobs.
7444 This is the sad fact of todays computers.  In the next version of
7445 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
7446 on Squeeze, we provide several scripts and modifications to make
7447 firmware blobs easier to handle.  The common use case I run into is a
7448 laptop with a wireless network card requiring non-free firmware to
7449 work, but there are other use cases as well.</p>
7450
7451 <p>First and foremost, Debian Edu provide ISO images for DVD and CD
7452 with all firmware packages in the Debian sections main and non-free
7453 included, to ensure debian-installer find and can install all of them
7454 during installation.  This take care firmware for network devices used
7455 by the installer when installing from from local media.  But for
7456 example multimedia devices are not activated in the installer and are
7457 not taken care of by this.</p>
7458
7459 <p>For non-network devices, we provide the script
7460 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/auto-addfirmware</tt> which
7461 search through the <tt>dmesg</tt> output for drivers requesting extra
7462 firmware.  The firmware file name is looked up in the Contents-ARCH.gz
7463 file available in the package repository, and the packages providing
7464 the requested firmware file(s) is installed.  I have proposed to do
7465 something similar in debian-installer (BTS report
7466 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/655507">#655507</a>), to allow PXE
7467 installs of Debian to handle firmware installation better.  Run the
7468 script as root from the command line to fetch and install the needed
7469 firmware packages.</p>
7470
7471 <p>Debian Edu provide PXE installation of Debian out of the box, and
7472 because some machines need firmware to get their network cards
7473 working, the installation initrd some times need extra firmware
7474 included to be able to install at all.  To fill the PXE installation
7475 initrd with extra firmware, the
7476 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/pxe-addfirmware</tt> script is
7477 provided.  Again, just run it as root on the command line to fill the
7478 PXE initrd with firmware packages.</p>
7479
7480 <p>Last, some LTSP clients might also need firmware to get their
7481 network cards working.  For this,
7482 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/ltsp-addfirmware</tt> is
7483 provided to update the LTSP initrd with firmware blobs.  It is used
7484 the same way as the other firmware related tools.</p>
7485
7486 <p>At the moment, we do not run any of these during installation.  We
7487 do not know if this is acceptable for the local administrator to use
7488 non-free software, and it is their choice.</p>
7489
7490 <p>We plan to release beta3 this weekend.  You might want to give it a
7491 try.</p>
7492
7493       </div>
7494       <div class="tags">
7495
7496
7497         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7498
7499
7500       </div>
7501     </div>
7502     <div class="padding"></div>
7503
7504     <div class="entry">
7505       <div class="title">
7506         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skjermbilder_fra_nordsamisk_installasjon_av_Skolelinux_Squeeze.html">Skjermbilder fra nordsamisk installasjon av Skolelinux/Squeeze</a>
7507       </div>
7508       <div class="date">
7509         26th January 2012
7510       </div>
7511       <div class="body">
7512         <p>For morro skyld har jeg gjennomført en nordsamisk installasjon for
7513 neste utgave av <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>
7514 (Squeeze) og knipset skjermbilder av resultatet.</p>
7515
7516 <p>Som en kan se der er det noen oversettelser som mangler.  Det hadde
7517 vært hyggelig hvis alle tekstene som vises i Skolelinux-installasjonen
7518 ble oversatt til nordsamisk, men for å få det til må noen som forstår
7519 språket melde seg til dyst.  Det er mangel på nordsamiske oversettere
7520 av fri programvare.  Hvis noen starter raskt, så bør en rekke å
7521 fullføre Wheezy-utgaven før den gis ut. :)</p>
7522
7523 <p>Se <a href="http://d-i.debian.org/l10n-stats/">oversetterstatistikk for
7524 debian installer</a> for detaljert status.  Jeg har tipset
7525 <a href="https://lister.ping.uio.no/mailman/listinfo/i18n-sme">epostlisten for samiskoversettelser</a>,
7526 men det har vært veldig liten aktivitet der de siste årene.</p>
7527
7528 <p><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/01-isomenu.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/01-isomenu.png" width="40%"></a>
7529 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/02-sme-lang.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/02-sme-lang.png" width="40%"></a>
7530 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/03-sme-place.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/03-sme-place.png" width="40%"></a>
7531 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/04-sme-keymap.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/04-sme-keymap.png" width="40%"></a>
7532 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/05-sme-profile.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/05-sme-profile.png" width="40%"></a>
7533 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/06-sme-autopart.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/06-sme-autopart.png" width="40%"></a>
7534 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/07-sme-popcon.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/07-sme-popcon.png" width="40%"></a>
7535 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/08-sme-rootpw1.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/08-sme-rootpw1.png" width="40%"></a>
7536 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/09-sme-rootpw2.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/09-sme-rootpw2.png" width="40%"></a>
7537 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/10-sme-firstuser.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/10-sme-firstuser.png" width="40%"></a>
7538 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/11-sme-firstusername.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/11-sme-firstusername.png" width="40%"></a>
7539 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/12-sme-firstuserpw1.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/12-sme-firstuserpw1.png" width="40%"></a>
7540 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/13-sme-firstuserpw2.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/13-sme-firstuserpw2.png" width="40%"></a>
7541 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/14-sme-part.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/14-sme-part.png" width="40%"></a>
7542 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/15-sme-debootstrap.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/15-sme-debootstrap.png" width="40%"></a>
7543 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/16-sme-tasksel.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/16-sme-tasksel.png" width="40%"></a>
7544 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/17-sme-wordlist.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/17-sme-wordlist.png" width="40%"></a>
7545 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/18-sme-tasksel.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/18-sme-tasksel.png" width="40%"></a>
7546 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/19-sme-ltsp.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/19-sme-ltsp.png" width="40%"></a>
7547 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/20-sme-grub.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/20-sme-grub.png" width="40%"></a>
7548 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/21-sme-finish-install.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/21-sme-finish-install.png" width="40%"></a>
7549 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/22-sme-finish-message.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/22-sme-finish-message.png" width="40%"></a></p>
7550
7551       </div>
7552       <div class="tags">
7553
7554
7555         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7556
7557
7558       </div>
7559     </div>
7560     <div class="padding"></div>
7561
7562     <div class="entry">
7563       <div class="title">
7564         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Setting_up_a_new_school_with_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Setting up a new school with Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
7565       </div>
7566       <div class="date">
7567         25th January 2012
7568       </div>
7569       <div class="body">
7570         <p>The next version of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu
7571 / Skolelinux</a> will include a new tool
7572 <tt>sitesummary2ldapdhcp</tt>, which can be used to quickly set up all
7573 the computers in a school without much manual labour.  Here is a short
7574 summary on how to use it to set up a new school.</p>
7575
7576 <p>First, install a combined Main Server and Thin Client Server as the
7577 central server in the network.  Next, PXE boot all the client machines
7578 as thin clients and wait 5 minutes after the last client booted to
7579 allow the clients to report their existence to the central server.  When
7580 this is done, log on to the central server and run
7581 <tt>sitesummary2ldapdhcp -a</tt> in the <tt>konsole</tt> to use the
7582 collected information to generate system objects in LDAP.  The output
7583 will look similar to this:</p>
7584
7585 <p><blockquote><pre>
7586 % sitesummary2ldapdhcp -a
7587 info: Updating machine tjener.intern [10.0.2.2] id ether-00:01:02:03:04:05.
7588 info: Create GOsa machine for auto-mac-00-01-02-03-04-06 [10.0.16.20] id ether-00:01:02:03:04:06.
7589
7590 Enter password if you want to activate these changes, and ^c to abort.
7591
7592 Connecting to LDAP as cn=admin,ou=ldap-access,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
7593 enter password: *******
7594 %
7595 </pre></blockquote></p>
7596
7597 <p>After providing the LDAP administrative password (the same as the
7598 root password set during installation), the LDAP database will be
7599 populated with system objects for each PXE booted machine with
7600 automatically generated names.  The final step to set up the school is
7601 then to log into <a href="https://oss.gonicus.de/labs/gosa/">GOsa</a>,
7602 the web based user, group and system administration system to change
7603 system names, add systems to the correct host groups and finally
7604 enable DHCP and DNS for the systems.  All clients that should be used
7605 as diskless workstations should be added to the workstation-hosts
7606 group.  After this is done, all computers can be booted again via PXE
7607 and get their assigned names and group based configuration
7608 automatically.</p>
7609
7610 <p>We plan to release beta3 with the updated version of this feature
7611 enabled this weekend.  You might want to give it a try.</p>
7612
7613 <p>Update 2012-01-28: When calling sitesummary2ldapdhcp to add new
7614 hosts, one need to add the option -a.  I forgot to mention this in my
7615 original text, and have added it to the text now.</p>
7616
7617       </div>
7618       <div class="tags">
7619
7620
7621         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
7622
7623
7624       </div>
7625     </div>
7626     <div class="padding"></div>
7627
7628     <div class="entry">
7629       <div class="title">
7630         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Paul_Reidar_L_snesl_kken.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken</a>
7631       </div>
7632       <div class="date">
7633         18th January 2012
7634       </div>
7635       <div class="body">
7636         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
7637 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, har jeg nå
7638 lyktes med å få tak i en skolemann som ikke er aktiv med utviklingen,
7639 men likevel har vært med nesten siden starten av prosjektet.  Jeg
7640 ønsker derfor velkommen til Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken, en mann med
7641 mange års erfaring i bruk av Skolelinux.</p>
7642
7643 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7644
7645 <p>Jeg driftet tidligere IKT løsningen for skolene i
7646 <a href="http://www.nord-odal.kommune.no/">Nord-Odal</a>.  I dag er jeg
7647 IKT-konsulent for hele kommunen og samarbeider med
7648 <a href="http://www.hedmarken-ikt.no/">Hedmark-IKT</a> for best mulig
7649 tjenester til kommunen. Jeg har bakgrunn som elektronikkreparatør og
7650 grunnskolelærer og har tatt en del fag innen IKT, i hovedsak
7651 driftsfag. IKT i Nord-Odal kommune blir i dag driftet av Hedmark IKT
7652 som er et samarbeid mellom Løten, Stange, Grue, Hamar, Kongsvinger og
7653 Nord-Odal. Jeg er fortsatt "IKT-personen" på skolene i kommunen og
7654 følger opp og gjør enkelte mindre endringer der.</p>
7655
7656 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7657
7658 <p>Kommunen satset på Skolelinux i 2004.  Jeg var ikke med i
7659 beslutningsprosessen den gang, men ble likevel med fra starten når
7660 dette ble levert.</p>
7661
7662 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7663
7664 <p>Fordelene med Skolelinux er rask oppstart, sentral drift av
7665 klientene, klienter som jobber raskt og effektivt, bedre
7666 funksjonalitet på eldre utstyr og en ganske god programpakke med fri
7667 programvare som følger med.  Løsningen med halvtykke klienter gjør at
7668 prosessering skjer lokalt med alltid ferske maskiner.</p>
7669
7670 <p>Skolelinux kan fungere godt på gammelt utstyr, men det er klart at
7671 utstyr også blir for gammelt selv for Skolelinux.  I forbindelese med
7672 at vi nylig fikk nye servere og ny installasjon kastet jeg ut ca 60
7673 klienter som fortsatt var i drift etter at de var kjøpt godt brukt i
7674 2004.  Noe var rundt 15 år gammelt, men var fortsatt i bruk. Noen
7675 klaget på at det nå gikk veldig tregt på en del pedagogiske nettsider
7676 med flash o.l. Det er fullt forståelig.</p>
7677
7678 <p>Jeg fikk nylig et spørsmål fra ungdomsskolens rektor om jeg kunne
7679 legge inn <a href="http://freemind.sourceforge.net/">FreeMind</a>, et
7680 tankekartprogram , på skolens elev-Windowsmaskiner. Lærerne hadde
7681 vært på kurs og ville ta dette i bruk. Skolen har ca halvparten av
7682 elevmaskinene på bærbare Windowsmaskiner. Da kunne jeg fortelle at
7683 dette programmet allerede lå inne på den nye Skolelinuxløsningen
7684 som nettopp var satt i drift, klart til bruk.</p>
7685
7686 <p>Vi har de bærbare maskinene på ungdomsskolen i domene med
7687 Skolelinux.  Dette fungerer også meget bra nå. Elevene får opp en
7688 midlertidig windowsprofil når de logger på.  Denne profilen slettes
7689 etter at de logger av, noe som medfører rene profiler hver gang de
7690 starter opp en maskin.  De må lagre i sin Skolelinprofil, noe som
7691 medfører at de får tak i sine filer uavhengig av om de starter en
7692 Windowsmaskin eller en Skolelinuxklient. Det er mye mindre trafikk i
7693 det trådløse nettet etter at ikke hele profiler blir lastet opp til de
7694 enkelte Windowsmaskinene og tilbake når man avslutter. Jeg vet ikke om
7695 dette er standardoppsett i Skolelinux, men slik er vårt oppsett
7696 nå.</p>
7697
7698 <p>Vi har i flere år satt opp vår løsning slik at skriverkøer slettes
7699 og skrivere startes hver natt.  Hyggelig å høre at dette nå skal bli
7700 en standard i Skolelinuxløsningen.  Dette har vært en god hjelp for
7701 oss.</p>
7702
7703 <p>Elevene er lite opptatt av om de jobber på en Skolelinux eller en
7704 Windowsmaskin bare de har de programmene de trenger og at det virker
7705 når det skal brukes. Vi kjører mest mulig de samme programmene på
7706 Windows som i Skolelinux, som f.eks Audacity og LibreOffice.</p>
7707
7708 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7709
7710 <p>Lærere bruker hos oss Windows. Dette fordi de da selv har mer
7711 kontroll over sin maskin, kan bruke den overalt, og kan legge inn
7712 programmer selv når de trenger noe i forhold til kurs o.l de er
7713 på. Jeg tror lærernes selvstendighet her gjør dem tryggere på IKT-bruk
7714 generelt. Det at de av og til får opp advarsler og lignende gjør også
7715 at de må tenke igjennom og spørre om ting rundt datasikkerhet.</p>
7716
7717 <p>Det er en del programmer vi bruker som ikke finnes for Linux.  Mest
7718 brukt er nok Photostory3 som brukes i mange sammenhenger, særlig på
7719 ungdomsskolen, bl.a. til å lage herbarier (plantesamling) .  Dette
7720 finnes gratis for Windows, men er ikke fri programvare.  Vi er opptatt
7721 av at programmer elevene bruker på skolen også kan brukes gratis
7722 hjemme. Det er også en del programmer som brukes til spesielle elever
7723 som bare går i Windows. Det er viktig med fokus på funksjoner og ikke
7724 på hvilket OS man bruker.</p>
7725
7726 <p>For oss er det kombinasjonen mellom Skolelinux og Windows som gir
7727 oss en god og hel løsning. Skolelinux er best der de er gode.</p>
7728
7729 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7730
7731 <p>Selv er det LibreOffice jeg bruker til daglig.  Jeg bruker selv en
7732 Windowsmaskin. Jeg har benyttet en del fri programvare i forbindelse
7733 med sjekking av trafikk i nettverk, slik som Wireshark, men dette er
7734 jo ikke aktuelt for skolene. Jeg er generelt glad i programmer som
7735 fungerer på både Linux og Windows og gjerne MAC.</p>
7736
7737 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7738 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7739
7740 <p>Det er viktig at det benyttes programmer som elevene også kan ta i
7741 bruk hjemme.  Det skal da være enkelt, lovlig og gratis for
7742 elevene. Da er jeg ikke lenger veldig opptatt av om det kalles "fri
7743 programvare".  For skolene tror jeg "gratis" og "funksjonelt" er bedre
7744 begreper enn "fri" i forhold til programmer.  De fleste skiller nok
7745 ikke mellom "fri" og "gratis". Det er nå svært mange elever som
7746 benytter OpenOffice eller LibreOffice som sin primære kontorpakke
7747 hjemme.</p>
7748
7749       </div>
7750       <div class="tags">
7751
7752
7753         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7754
7755
7756       </div>
7757     </div>
7758     <div class="padding"></div>
7759
7760     <div class="entry">
7761       <div class="title">
7762         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Changing_the_default_Iceweasel_start_page_in_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Changing the default Iceweasel start page in Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
7763       </div>
7764       <div class="date">
7765         10th January 2012
7766       </div>
7767       <div class="body">
7768         <p>In the Squeeze version of
7769 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> soon
7770 to be released, users of the system will get their default browser
7771 start page set from LDAP, allowing the system administrator to point
7772 all users to the school web page by updating one setting in LDAP.  In
7773 addition to setting the default start page when a machine boots, users
7774 are shown the same page as a welcome page when they log in for the
7775 first time.</p>
7776
7777 <p>The LDAP object dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no have an attribute
7778 labeledURI with "http://www/ LDAP for Debian Edu/Skolelinux" as the
7779 default content.  By changing this value to another URL, all users get
7780 to see the page behind this new URL.</p>
7781
7782 <p>An easy way to update it is by using the ldapvi tool.  It can be
7783 called as "<tt>ldapvi -ZD '(cn=admin)'</tt>' to update LDAP with the
7784 new setting.</p>
7785
7786 <p>We have written the code to adjust the default start page and show
7787 the welcome page, and I wonder if there is an easier way to do this
7788 from within Iceweasel instead.</p>
7789
7790       </div>
7791       <div class="tags">
7792
7793
7794         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
7795
7796
7797       </div>
7798     </div>
7799     <div class="padding"></div>
7800
7801     <div class="entry">
7802       <div class="title">
7803         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_beta_version_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Second beta version of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
7804       </div>
7805       <div class="date">
7806          7th January 2012
7807       </div>
7808       <div class="body">
7809         <p>I am happy to announce that today we managed to wrap up and publish
7810 the second beta version of
7811 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>.  If
7812 you want to test a LDAP backed Kerberos server with out of the box PXE
7813 configuration for running diskless machines and installing new
7814 machines, check it out.  If you need a software solution for your
7815 school, check it out too.  The full announcement is
7816 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/01/msg00000.html">available</a>
7817 on the project announcement list.</p>
7818
7819       </div>
7820       <div class="tags">
7821
7822
7823         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7824
7825
7826       </div>
7827     </div>
7828     <div class="padding"></div>
7829
7830     <div class="entry">
7831       <div class="title">
7832         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fixing_an_hanging_debian_installer_for_Debian_Edu.html">Fixing an hanging debian installer for Debian Edu</a>
7833       </div>
7834       <div class="date">
7835          3rd January 2012
7836       </div>
7837       <div class="body">
7838         <p>During christmas, I have been working getting the next version of
7839 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> ready
7840 for release.  The initial problem I looked at was particularly
7841 interesting.</p>
7842
7843 <P>The installer would hang at the end when it was doing it
7844 post-installation configuration, and whatevery I did to try to find
7845 the cause and fix it always worked while I tested it, but never when I
7846 integrated it into the installer and ran the installation from
7847 scratch.  I would try to restart processes, close file descriptors,
7848 remove or create files, and the installer would always unblock and
7849 wrap up its tasks.</p>
7850
7851 <p>Eventually the cause was found.  The kernel was simply running out
7852 of entropy, causing the Kerberos setup to hang waiting for more.
7853 Pressing keys was adding entropy to the kernel, and thus all my tries
7854 to fix the problem worked not because what I was typing to fix it, but
7855 because I was typing.</P>
7856
7857 <p>The fix I implemented was to add a background process looking at
7858 the level of entropy in the kernel (by checking
7859 /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail), and if it was too small, the
7860 installer will flush the kernel file buffers and do 'find /' to
7861 generate some disk IO.  Disk IO generate entropy in the kernel, and is
7862 one of the few things that can be initated from within the system to
7863 generate entropy.</p>
7864
7865 <p>The fix is in
7866 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/Installation">beta1
7867 of the Debian Edu/Squeeze</a> version, and we
7868 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu">welcome more testers and
7869 developers</a>.  We plan to release beta2 this weekend.</p>
7870
7871       </div>
7872       <div class="tags">
7873
7874
7875         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7876
7877
7878       </div>
7879     </div>
7880     <div class="padding"></div>
7881
7882     <div class="entry">
7883       <div class="title">
7884         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Peter_Hansteen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Peter Hansteen</a>
7885       </div>
7886       <div class="date">
7887         11th December 2011
7888       </div>
7889       <div class="body">
7890         <p>Etter en lang pause er det klart for neste mann ut i min serie med
7891 intervjuer av
7892 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-relaterte personer.
7893
7894 Denne gangen har jeg besøk av et avtroppende styremedlem i
7895 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, og en mann
7896 som har vært aktiv i Linux-miljøet i Bergen siden 90-tallet.</p>
7897
7898 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7899
7900 <p>Jeg heter Peter Hansteen, og jobber til daglig som seniorkonsulent
7901 i EDB ErgoGroup i Bergen.  I praksis betyr det systemadministrasjon på
7902 Unix (primært Solaris, men en viss komponent av Linux).  Men Solaris
7903 er for meg et relativt nytt bekjentskap, hovedplattformen min har
7904 generelt vært OpenBSD og til dels FreeBSD.</p>
7905
7906 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7907
7908 <p>Jeg husker ikke helt alle detaljene mer ;) - men jeg tror det var
7909 gjennom news-gruppen no.it.os.unix.linux.diverse, efn-listen og
7910 etterhvert også BLUG-miljøet her i Bergen.  Vi hadde et par
7911 Skolelinux-sentrerte BLUG-møter for noen år siden, og det har vært et
7912 par Skolelinux-utviklersamlinger her.</p>
7913
7914 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7915
7916 <p>Jeg bruker dessverre ikke Skolelinux daglig. Men slik jeg kjenner
7917 prosjektet har det vært i stand til å ta opp i seg det beste av fri
7918 programvare i mange kategorier, så fra et sysadmin-perspektiv ser det
7919 ut som en svært behagelig sak.  For brukerne er det vel både en fordel
7920 og en ulempe at det ikke er Windows. Men vi håper at fordelene med et
7921 fritt system etterhvert vil bli åpenbare for både elever, lærekrefter
7922 og foreldre.</p>
7923
7924 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7925
7926 <p>Vel, ulempen er vel først og fremst at andre aktører med mer
7927 kapitalmuskel har klart å etablere seg som det både lærere og foreldre
7928 føler seg trygge på, selv om det etter mitt hode ikke er noen grunn
7929 til å være spesielt trygg på de kommersielle alternativene.</p>
7930
7931 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7932
7933 <p>Når jeg får bestemme helt selv, bruker jeg kun fri programvare. Da
7934 helst med vekt på ting som kjører greit på OpenBSD.  Hjemme er det
7935 OpenBSD, Ubuntu eller FreeBSD vi bruker.  På skrivebordet er det en
7936 avveining mellom Gnome, KDE eller hva-det-nå-heter som er
7937 standardvalget i Ubuntu, ellers er det de kjente tingene som
7938 LibreOffice, Emacs, mplayer.  På server er det selvfølgelig Apache,
7939 for overvåking både OpenNMS og Nagios (det bare ble sånn, og
7940 forskjellige siter).  Jeg skriver til tider om slikt jeg holder på med
7941 på
7942 <a href="http://bsdly.blogspot.com">http://bsdly.blogspot.com</a>.</p>
7943
7944 <p>Men vi må nevne at selv vi har en Microsoft-ting som vi slår på når
7945 vi av en eller annen grunn må. Det betyr igjen vanligvis når en
7946 mobiltelefon eller en annen lukket elektronisk dings krever kontakt
7947 via en slik for å få oppdateringene sine.</p>
7948
7949 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7950 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7951
7952 <p>Hadde vi hatt det rette svaret på det spørsmålet, så hadde vi
7953 gjerne hatt Skolelinux som førstevalg på alle skoler ;)</p>
7954
7955 <p>Men jeg tror vi må legge vekt på flere forskjellige ting.  En helt
7956 sentral sak er å fokusere på fri programvare og åpne standarder som de
7957 demokratiske verdiene de faktisk er.  Det har kanskje kommet litt for
7958 mye i bakgrunnen i forhold til strevet etter å lage det mest mulig
7959 'brukervennlige' systemet.  Det er en tung vei å gå, så det er
7960 forståelig at freenix-aktivister heller velger å skrive kode og annet
7961 som er mer lystbetont. Mer praktisk tror jeg vi må gjøre i alle fall
7962 to ting: For det første sørge for å fortsette med å levere det best
7963 mulige frie produktet, slik at det er lett å både komme i gang og
7964 holde systemene i daglig drift, og for det andre 2) spore opp mulige
7965 aktivister der de finnes, via lokale brukergrupper, sosiale medier
7966 eller annet og sørge for at de fortsetter å være aktive.  Mer og
7967 mindre uformelle treff kan være nyttig i tillegg til de mer
7968 organiserte møtene med foredrag, konferanser og utviklersamlinger.</p>
7969
7970       </div>
7971       <div class="tags">
7972
7973
7974         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7975
7976
7977       </div>
7978     </div>
7979     <div class="padding"></div>
7980
7981     <div class="entry">
7982       <div class="title">
7983         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Frode_Jemtland.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Frode Jemtland</a>
7984       </div>
7985       <div class="date">
7986         27th July 2011
7987       </div>
7988       <div class="body">
7989         <p>Neste mann ut i min serie med intervjuer av Skolelinux-relaterte
7990 personer er en tidligere styreleder i
7991 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a> som var med
7992 fra starten av
7993 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-prosjektet.</p>
7994
7995 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7996
7997 <p>Mitt navn er Frode Jemtland, og jeg jobber i Hedmark IKT, som er et
7998 driftsselskap for Grue, Hamar, Kongsvinger, Løten, Nord-Odal og Stange
7999 kommuner. Her er jeg leder for avdelingen Løsninger og Arkitektur. Vi
8000 har i hovedansvar for servere, infrastruktur og løsninger som
8001 helhet.</p>
8002
8003 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8004
8005 <p>Jobbet i IBM fra 2000, og da spesielt med Linux. Dette var da et av
8006 de mest tydelige linux prosjektene i Norge, og her ønsket jeg å
8007 bidra. Var aktivt med i prosjektet i 4-5 år.</p>
8008
8009 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8010
8011 <p>Fordelene slik jeg ser det er den sentraliserte driftmodellen, og
8012 alle de vel gjennomtenkte løsningene som er inkludert i denne
8013 løsningen. Samtidig er det basert på en stabil, og godt kjent
8014 plattform. Dette vil si at man har en løsning som skal være mye
8015 tilgjengelig, og hvor det er relativt enkelt å få tak i personer som
8016 kan mye om den grunnleggende plattformen.</p>
8017
8018 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8019
8020 <p>De største utfordringene med en løsningen er at den er intensiv på f.eks
8021 nettverk. I seg selv ikke et problem for en enkelt skole, men skal løsningen
8022 kjøres i større skala, med sentraliserte servere, så gir dette noen
8023 utfordringer.</p>
8024
8025 <p>Utifra hva jeg har sett på større installasjoner så er det ikke så
8026 enkelt å skjønne, hva som bør gjøres for at den skal skaleres opp, og
8027 da ta godt vare på alle sider av dette, ikke bare mer server å fordele
8028 last/trykk, men hvordan også beholde robustheten og fleksibiliteten i
8029 løsningen.</p>
8030
8031 <p>En annen utfordring er at stadig flere produkter som skal brukes i
8032 skoleløsningen ikke er laget til å kunne brukes i en
8033 skolelinuxløsning. Det blir derfor fort mye skreddersøm i de
8034 forskjellige installasjonene, for å få diverse pedagogiske programmer,
8035 webløsninger, smartboards, m.m. til å fungere.  Man er også en for
8036 liten kundebase til at leverandørene ønsker å gjøre noe med
8037 utfordringen. Problemet overlates til oss.</p>
8038
8039 <p>Det er også en kontinuerlig utfordring rundt problemet med å holde
8040 programvare på stabile versjoner, kontra å få ny funksjonalitet. Dette
8041 er jo en konflikt mellom oss som ønsker å drifte en stabil, og
8042 kostnadseffektiv løsning, mot sluttbrukerne som ønsker seg funksjoner
8043 det er vant med fra andre løsninger, eller som de må ha for at et
8044 eller annet nytt produkt skal fungere i løsningen. Dette er en
8045 utfordring også for andre plattformer.</p>
8046
8047 <p>En siste utfordring som ikke har noe med løsningen å gjøre, men med
8048 det omkringliggende miljøet denne skal kjøre i, er at de enhetene som
8049 skal drifte dataløsninger for kommuner og fylkeskommuner begynner å
8050 profesjonaliseres, og er da avhengig av å ha standard løsninger for å
8051 drifte store brukermasser. MS er selvsagt klar over dette, og har jo
8052 nå flere områder de begynner å bli veldig dominerende på. Den største,
8053 og mest problematiske er katalogtjenesten.  Man får snart ikke tak i
8054 større løsninger som ikke krever en AD. Når man da har store enheter
8055 som drifter både kommunalt ansatte og skoler, så vil det være et
8056 stordriftargument å standardisere på en katalog tjeneste, og da har
8057 man ikke noe valg. Her er alle slike driftsenheter for små til å få
8058 gjort om på dette. Her burde konkurransemyndighetene kommet på
8059 banen. Men konkurransetilsynet i USA griper sjeldent (og ikke før det
8060 har gått veldig lang tid) inn i monopolsituasjoner så lenge
8061 monopolisten er et amerikansk firma, så da har vel ikke andre
8062 myndigheter så mye de skulle ha sagt....</p>
8063
8064 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8065
8066 <p>Privat kjører jeg Debian på alle mine datamaskiner. Det gjør jeg
8067 også på min jobbmaskin. Vi har også 15-20 linux servere av typene
8068 SuSE, Debian, Redhat, CentOS m.m. Jeg bruker derfor mye fri
8069 programvare. Av enkelt programmer kan sikkert masse nevnes. Hvis vi
8070 skal begrense oss til daglig, så må jeg si: OpenOffice, Firefox,
8071 Kontact, Kopete, Amarok,
8072 <a href="http://gramps-project.org/">Gramps</a>, Kate, ssh, bash,
8073 rsync, backuppc m.m.</p>
8074
8075 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8076 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8077
8078 <p>Det er et godt spørsmål, som jeg har lurt på selv.</p>
8079
8080 <p>Argumentene som ofte har vært brukt om at ting koster mindre holder
8081 ikke mål når man ser på hva som faktisk koster penger. Det er de
8082 ansatte som er en kostnadsdriver. Det vil si at hvis man har et system
8083 som den ansatte kan, så vil en kostnad på dette systemet kunne
8084 forsvares ganske mye ved at den ansatte gjør dette raskere og
8085 effektivt. Også uten å måtte eventuelt leie inn folk.</p>
8086
8087 <p>Jeg syns det er viktigere å fokusere på prinsippet med å velge fri
8088 programvare, men det er også et felt hvor man fort møter lite
8089 forståelse blant de ansatte i skolen.</p>
8090
8091 <p>Her må nok strategien fortsette å være at de sentrale myndighetene
8092 må sende tydelige signaler for hva de ønsker at offentlige enheter
8093 skal gjøre. Det var mye positivt på gang ang. dette for et par år
8094 siden. Både med eNorge og eKommune planene, men dette syns jeg har
8095 stoppet opp. En del av dette kan jo kanskje være usikkerheten som
8096 etter hvert har blitt, når man har sett kompleksiteten i de
8097 prosjektene som har blitt igangsatt. Det har også blitt noe usikkerhet
8098 i markedet ref. Sun, Oracle, Novell, Microsoft m.m.  Samtidig har jo
8099 også de proprietære programleverandørene sørget for å endre sine
8100 lisenser slik at man uansett ikke slipper unna kostnaden til deres
8101 produkter, selv om man skulle velge alternativer. Da er det økonomiske
8102 argumentet, som jeg nevnte tidligere, spilt ganske godt ut over
8103 sidelinjen.</p>
8104
8105       </div>
8106       <div class="tags">
8107
8108
8109         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8110
8111
8112       </div>
8113     </div>
8114     <div class="padding"></div>
8115
8116     <div class="entry">
8117       <div class="title">
8118         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Marius_Kotsbak.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Marius Kotsbak</a>
8119       </div>
8120       <div class="date">
8121         10th April 2011
8122       </div>
8123       <div class="body">
8124         <p>Neste mann ut er Marius Kotsbak, styremedlem i
8125 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a> og mangeårig
8126 bidragsyter i
8127 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-prosjektet.</p>
8128
8129 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8130
8131 <p>Jeg er en systemutvikler/kybernetiker og jobber med dette til
8132 daglig. På fritiden tester jeg ut/bruker mye fri programvare, og
8133 bidrar med testing og utvikling når jeg ser stort nok behov for det og
8134 jeg har noe å bidra med.</p>
8135
8136 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8137
8138 <p>Hmm, det er lenge siden, så det er nesten så jeg ikke husker. Jeg
8139 hadde vel hørt om prosjektet i media før en gjeng i Trondheim startet
8140 opp SPIST, Skolelinux-prosjektet i Sør-Trøndelag, hvor vi hjalp noen
8141 skoler i nærområdet med å installere Skolelinux og finne brukt
8142 IT-utstyr til disse. Det var moro å gjøre noe praktisk for å spre
8143 Skolelinux, og å se hvor fort gjort det var å sette opp utrangerte
8144 klientmaskiner og få disse opp som tynnklienter på helt nye datasaler
8145 på skolene, kun med kostnaden til servere.</p>
8146
8147 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8148
8149 <p>Det er et system spesielt skreddersydd for drift av et stort antall
8150 klienter mot servere, og da spesielt i henhold til skolers behov.  Det
8151 er enkelt og billig å installere og drifte, og det trenger ikke ny
8152 maskinvare for god ytelse.</p>
8153
8154 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8155
8156 <p>Hardwarestøtten kunne vært bedre og i enda større grad
8157 installerbart rett ut av boksen.  Distribusjonen har til tider hatt
8158 litt gammel programvare pga. at den følger Debian sine utgivelser.
8159 Kanskje man skulle vurdert en versjon basert på Ubuntu eller andre
8160 distribusjoner i tillegg?</p>
8161
8162 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8163
8164 <p>Oi, det er ikke lite. Her er det jeg kommer på i farta.  Jeg bruker
8165 Linux og Ubuntu, og på Ubuntu programene Firefox, Thunderbird,
8166 Chromium, Pidgin, Digikam, OpenOffice, Wireshark, git og irssi.
8167 Telefonen min er en Android, og der bruker jeg programmene K-9 Mail,
8168 OI Shopping list, Shuffle, ZXing, OI Notepad og ADW Desktop.  På jobb
8169 bruker jeg JBoss, Eclipse, uCLinux for Blackfin, RCF-CPP, Qt, Maven,
8170 og boost-bibliotekene for C++.</p>
8171
8172 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8173 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8174
8175 <p>En bør fokusere på totalkostnader inkludert driftsbehov,
8176 fleksibilitet, åpenhet og ikke låsing til en leverandør framfor sparte
8177 lisenskostnader, samt programvarens kvalitet og fortrinn, og at den
8178 fritt kan brukes på et ubegrenset antall PC-er, også hjemme hos
8179 elevene.  En bør også forbedre den fri programvaren ved testing,
8180 bugrapportering og kodebidrag om man kan, og ikke anbefale programvare
8181 uten at man har forsikret seg at den har tilstrekkelig kvalitet,
8182 ellers kan man lett oppnå det motsatte.  Tror en bør selge inn
8183 konseptet til fylkes-/statsnivå, kanskje med bidrag til
8184 utviklingsarbeid fra disse som alle landets skoler kan få glede
8185 av.</p>
8186
8187       </div>
8188       <div class="tags">
8189
8190
8191         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8192
8193
8194       </div>
8195     </div>
8196     <div class="padding"></div>
8197
8198     <div class="entry">
8199       <div class="title">
8200         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Odin_Hetland_N_sen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Odin Hetland Nøsen</a>
8201       </div>
8202       <div class="date">
8203         28th March 2011
8204       </div>
8205       <div class="body">
8206         <p>Mine bloggposter om Linux i skolene i Norge førte til at inspektør
8207 og ildsjel på Harestad skole tok kontakt og fortalte at de bruker
8208 Linux på sin skole, og lurte på om de kunne bidra til å gjøre
8209 fordelene kjent.  Riktig nok bruker de ikke
8210 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> på denne skolen,
8211 men jeg synes dette er en god anledning til å gjøre flere fasetter
8212 rundt Linux-økosystemet kjent, og tok et lite intervju.</p>
8213
8214 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8215
8216 <p>Mitt navn er Odin Hetland Nøsen og er en 70-modell. Jeg er bosatt i
8217 Stavanger og jobber nå på 9. året som undervisninginspektør på
8218 Harestad skole i Randaberg kommune (nabokommune til Stavanger).</p>
8219
8220 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8221
8222 <p>I 2002 begynte daværende IKT-ansvarlige og jeg et arbeid på skolen
8223 med å gå over fra Win98 til... noe annet. Vi testet en rekke
8224 forskjellige løsninger, deriblant Skolelinux, men endte opp med
8225 RedHat. Skolelinux var den gang ikke modent for det vi ville ha.  Jeg
8226 har siden fulgt jevnlig med på hva skolelinux holder på med, men har
8227 hele tiden vært bedre fornøyd med vår egen "standardiserte" løsning på
8228 RedHat/CentOS og Fedora. Vi snuser for tiden på Ubuntu som løsning på
8229 klientsiden.</p>
8230
8231 <p>I dag har vi på skolen vår en større linux-løsning med 400 klienter
8232 som kjører en blanding av LTSP (tynnklient) og DRBL (tykk klient uten
8233 harddisk) med en masse tjenere på serverrommet. Vi drifter hele
8234 sulamitten selv med webtjener, eposttjener, webmail, filtjenere,
8235 virtuelle tjenere osv.  Og IT-ansvarlig har en 80% stilling som
8236 IT-ansvarlig - og så er han KoH-lærer i de resterende 20% :-)</p>
8237
8238 <p>Du kan få en ide om hva vi holder på med om du går inn på
8239 <a href="http://www.gnuskole.no/">http://www.gnuskole.no/</a>.</p>
8240
8241 <p>For å ta brodden av frykten for at ildsjeler gjør skolen sårbar om
8242 ildsjelene falle fra, har jeg forsikret kommunen og skolesjefen i
8243 Randaberg om at det finnes godt kommersielle tjenester vi kan benytte
8244 oss av - om det skulle bli nødvendig. Vi er tre stykker i kommunen som
8245 nå har <strong>god</strong> linux-kompetanse ift. å drifte et større
8246 system.  IT-avdelingen i kommunen vil ikke ta på oss med ildtang -
8247 selv om vi nok har større IT-kompetanse mot linux enn det de selv har
8248 mot windows (de kjøper en <strong>masse</strong> konsulenttjenester
8249 fra ErgoGroup).</p>
8250
8251 <p>I kvantitet er Harestad og Grødem skole tilsammen et større
8252 IT-system enn resten av Randaberg kommune + Kvitsøy og Rennesøy, som
8253 kommunen også har driftsansvar for.  Vi har som sagt rundt 800
8254 maskiner, mens kommunen med sitt driftsansvar har ansvar for rundt 500
8255 maskiner. Det er selvfølgelig litt forskjell i hvor kritiske
8256 tjenestene våre er, men det gir allikevel et litt rart bilde når
8257 IT-avdelingen overhode ikke er interessert i å snakke med oss om
8258 hvordan vi gjør ting :-)</p>
8259
8260 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8261
8262 <p>Fra linux-perspektivet (ikke bare Skolelinux) er det en fordel av
8263 systemet er basert på fri programvare - og dermed fritt i ordets mange
8264 betydninger. Det er alt vi trenger: stabilt, relativt enkelt å drifte
8265 (tross alt - et større windowssystem er ikke enkelt å holde live det
8266 heller), rimelig i innkjøp og drift, og sist, men ikke minst, det er
8267 moderne for sluttbruker! Linux, i sine mange varianter,
8268 <strong>ser</strong> nytt ut, fordi det hele tiden blir
8269 oppdatert. Derfor lever systemet opp til hvordan elever forventer at
8270 et moderne GUI skal være (i motsetning til WinXP :-).</p>
8271
8272 <p>Vi var veldig pragmatiske da vi begynte med linux i skolen. Det var
8273 billig, det fungerte og kunne bruke alle de gamle windows-maskinene
8274 som "nye" tynne klienter.  I dag er vi mer bevisste fri
8275 programvare-tilhengere.  Vi har oppdaget hva det er - og vi liker
8276 det!</p>
8277
8278 <p>En av de <strong>store</strong> fordelene med fri programvare er at
8279 vi kan installere tjenester vi ønsker å tilby brukerne våre - uten å
8280 måtte tenke på om vi har råd til lisensene (fordi det er ingen). Alt
8281 vi setter i produksjon er ut i fra brukernes behov og vår kapasitet
8282 til å drifte dem. Vi skreddersyr tjenestene etter behovet og dermed
8283 trenger vi ikke ende opp med å kjøpe en pakke der vi egentlig bare var
8284 interessert i en liten del av den.</p>
8285
8286 <p>Bruk av linux frigjør ikke økonomiske midler, fordi midlene til IKT
8287 i skole er for få i utgangspunktet - men vi får så
8288 <strong>mye</strong> mer igjen for dem når vi bruker en linux-løsning
8289 fremfor en windows-løsning. I praksis ser vi at vi måtte ut med det
8290 dobbelte på budsjettet vårt om vi skulle hatt en tilsvarende
8291 windows-løsning, som det vi i dag drifter med linux.</p>
8292
8293 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8294
8295 <p>Ikke all pedagogisk programvare er tilgjengelig. Det er en del
8296 programvare i skolen som er laget med utviklerverktøy som bare virker
8297 i windows, f.eks. Drillpro, LingDys/LingWrite. Det er også
8298 "programmer" som bare virker om du har tilgang til Microsoft Office,
8299 f.eks. AskiRaski.</p>
8300
8301 <p>Vi sliter også litt med at video-codecer ikke alltid er like lett å
8302 få opp å gå på klientene. Det er alltid en eller annen videosnutt fra
8303 nrk.no som ikke er så samarbeidsvillig, uansett mediaplayer.</p>
8304
8305 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8306
8307 <p>Alt :-) På skolen bruker vi det som finnes og som er nyttig. Det vi
8308 bruker mest er Firefox (jobber med Chrome, fordi det er
8309 <strong>mye</strong> raskere med Flash enn Firefox), OpenOffice (skal
8310 over til LibreOffice), GIMP osv. Standardpakken av
8311 sluttbrukerprogrammer.</p>
8312
8313 <p>På tjenernivå bruker vi OpenWebMail (skal over til Zimbra), Exim
8314 osv.</p>
8315
8316 <p>Personlig bruker jeg de fleste programmer over flere plattformer,
8317 men jeg har lagt meg til en vane å prioritere bruken av fri
8318 programvare også i Windows 7 og OSX.</p>
8319
8320 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8321 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8322
8323 <p>Jeg er langt i fra sikker. For det første handler det mye om at
8324 IKT-avdelingen i kommunen ofte er de som styrer hva som er IKT på
8325 skolene - og de liker å bruke avtalene med Microsoft, som de garantert
8326 har fra før.  Dessuten - Select 6-avtalen til skolene gjør Microsoft
8327 skvettbillig.</p>
8328
8329 <p>Vi la vekt på effektiv drift av systemet - og at vi kunne øke
8330 antall maskiner uten å måtte øke budsjett for utstyr eller personell
8331 særlig mye, enn om vi hadde gått for en Microsoft-løsning. I praksis
8332 ser vi at en ren linux-installasjon driftes til halve prisen av en
8333 Microsoft-løsning.</p>
8334
8335 <p>Vi har i praksis også sett at det lærerne (og elevene) liker er at
8336 vi tilbyr <strong>veldig</strong> mange tjenester som ikke er så
8337 vanlige i en Microsoft-løsning. Det er ikke så vanlig at
8338 <strong>elevene</strong> også har epost, hjemmekontor osv. Det har vi
8339 også brukt som et vellykket argument mot Microsoft.</p>
8340
8341 <p>Den beste måten er selvfølgelig at noen bare bestemmer
8342 det. Problemet er å få dem som har makt til å bestemme det til faktisk
8343 å gjøre det ;-)</p>
8344
8345       </div>
8346       <div class="tags">
8347
8348
8349         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8350
8351
8352       </div>
8353     </div>
8354     <div class="padding"></div>
8355
8356     <div class="entry">
8357       <div class="title">
8358         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Astri_Sletteng.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Astri Sletteng</a>
8359       </div>
8360       <div class="date">
8361         27th February 2011
8362       </div>
8363       <div class="body">
8364         <p>En dame som har bidratt lenge til fri programvare i skoleverket og
8365 i foreningen som organiserer skolelinux-utviklersamlinger,
8366 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, er neste
8367 intervjuoffer.  Det er en glede å her presentere en lærer fra Håkvik.</p>
8368
8369 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8370
8371 <p>Jeg heter Astri Sletteng. Jeg er lærer og IKT veileder ved Håkvik
8372 skole i Narvik kommune.  Min bakgrunn når det gjelder IKT: Av formell
8373 utdannelse har jeg lærerutdanning, Master i skoleledelse og IKT for
8374 lærere. Har jobba som IKT veileder siden 2002.</p>
8375
8376 <p>Det viktigste for meg som IKT veileder er å få fundamentert den
8377 5. basisferdigheten, digital kompetanse ved skolen min på en god måte
8378 slik at hele skolesamfunnet tar i bruk IKT i alle fag. Dette arbeidet
8379 gjøres i nært samarbeid med skolens ledelse.</p>
8380
8381 <p>Min viktigste jobb som IKT veileder er å være motivator og pådriver
8382 i IKT arbeidet ved skolen.</p>
8383
8384 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8385
8386 <p>Jobber i en kommune hvor vi satser på Fri programvare. I 2004 ble
8387 det gjort et politisk vedtak om at vi skulle innføre Skolelinux ved
8388 alle skolene i kommunen. Jeg har dermed en god del erfaring med
8389 Skolelinux, samt annen fri programvare som Open Office, Joomla, Moodle
8390 etc.</p>
8391
8392 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8393
8394 <p>Siden vi jobber med åpen kildekode kan vi få programmene og
8395 produktene tilpasset vår bruk. Det er jo heller ikke en ulempe at
8396 skolen kommer bedre ut økonomisk, men først og fremst er det viktig
8397 for oss at vi har digitale systemer som gjør at vi kan følge
8398 læreplanen i alle fag. Det syns jeg at vi kan gjøre gjennom
8399 Skolelinux.</p>
8400
8401 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8402
8403 <p>Skolen er avhengige av å ha folk på IT avdelinga i kommunen som kan
8404 drive support, og være tilgjengelige når vi trenger hjelp. Det er en
8405 ulempe at ikke alle på denne avdelingen nødvendigvis er god på
8406 Linux.</p>
8407
8408 <p>Vi har også noen utfordringer når det kommer til spesielle
8409 programmer som enkelte elever er avhengige av ? og som ikke er
8410 plattform uavhengige. Her har vi i Friprog-verden, men også
8411 departement en jobb å gjøre.</p>
8412
8413 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8414
8415 <p>Skolen vår bruker Skolelinux, Open Office, Iceweazel (Mozilla),
8416 VLC, Tux paint, Scribus, FreeMind, GIMP, digiKam, Ksnapshot, GeoGebra,
8417 Moodle (innført på alle klassetrinn + som et administrativt verktøy)
8418 og Joomla som hjemmeside.<p>
8419
8420 <p>Det er de jeg kommer på i farten. I tillegg har vi Smartboard
8421 installert på server, men det regnes vel ikke som fri programvare?</p>
8422
8423 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8424 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8425
8426 <p>Først og fremst trenger skolen oppetider på sine datasystemer. Syns
8427 også at det at vi kan få tilpasset plattform og systemer til vår bruk
8428 er en god strategi å bruke.</p>
8429
8430       </div>
8431       <div class="tags">
8432
8433
8434         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8435
8436
8437       </div>
8438     </div>
8439     <div class="padding"></div>
8440
8441     <div class="entry">
8442       <div class="title">
8443         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Rub_n_Romero_y_Cordero.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Rubén Romero y Cordero</a>
8444       </div>
8445       <div class="date">
8446         16th February 2011
8447       </div>
8448       <div class="body">
8449         <p>Styret i foreningen som organiserer skolelinux-utviklersamlinger,
8450 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, er fullt av
8451 flinke folk.  Denne gangen har jeg fått et ferskt styremedlem som
8452 kommer fra Ubuntu-miljøet i tale.</p>
8453
8454 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8455
8456 <p>Rubén Romero y Cordero, 81-modell, deltidspappa (50%) for en jente
8457 på 6 år. Jobber i Oslo som Global Sales Executive hos Varnish Software
8458 og til daglig har jeg kontakt med kunder fra hele verden. Min
8459 forkjærlighet for fri programvare har gjort at jeg har nå flere års
8460 erfaring med salg av slike løsninger (bl.a. fra Redpill Linpro og
8461 Freecode) og mye innsikt og kunnskap om det globale IT-markedet.
8462 Ellers er jeg involvert i flere prosjekter bl.a. er jeg Ubuntu
8463 Community medlem, kontaktpersonen for Ubuntu Norge og driveren av
8464 SpreadUbuntu marketing prosjektet og nå fersk styremedlem i FRISK. Jeg
8465 har brukt GNU/Linux siden 1997.</p>
8466
8467 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8468
8469 <p>Som Debian bruker siden slutten av 90-tallet var det uunngåelig å
8470 ikke komme bort i Skolelinux. Dette var vel i slutten av 2001 når jeg
8471 var student ved UiO. Flere år senere fikk jeg lastet og testet Venus
8472 (Skolelinux 1.0) på release dagen.</p>
8473
8474 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8475
8476 <p>Fri programvare bygges sten for sten i det åpne, slik at koden og
8477 prosessen den lages på kan gjennomskues av andre enn de som har laget
8478 det. Det er et vitenskapelig og gjennomsiktig måte å lage programvare
8479 på.</p>
8480
8481 <p>Skoler i vårt samfunn skal være steder hvor vitenskapelig kunnskap
8482 deles til alle.  I dag har vi ikke et vitenskapelig tilnærming til
8483 hvordan programvaren som brukes på skolen lages. Skolelinux bringer
8484 inn at slik tilnærming i skoleverkets klasserom, siden
8485 operativsystemet er en åpent platform som gir skolene muligheten til å
8486 dra nytte av programvare som er laget av tusenvis av mennesker verden
8487 rundt og som gir elevene så vel som lærerne muligheten til å bruke,
8488 dele, forandre og forbedre OSet sitt uten begrensninger. I den
8489 forbindelsen representerer Skolelinux også konkrete resultater utfra
8490 samhandling på tvers av grenser.</p>
8491
8492 <p>Når det gjelder de tekniske fordelene av Skolelinux er jeg sikker
8493 på at andre enn meg har allerede beskrevet disse bedre enn det jeg
8494 kan.  Men jeg kan likevel tilføye noe: Skolelinux som sådan er en
8495 community-drevet operativsystemplatform. Som i ethvert
8496 community-prosjekt har alle Skolelinux brukere muligheten til å
8497 påvirke retning av prosjektet og resultatet som gjenspeiles i
8498 programvaren. Dette kommer sjeldent frem og jeg mener at det er noe
8499 som burde fokuseres mer på.</p>
8500
8501 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8502
8503 <p>De største ulempene er:</p>
8504
8505 <ul>
8506 <li>Mangel på kompetanse</li>
8507 <li>Mangel av administrative verktøy som kunne hjelpe lokale IT
8508   avdelinger å bruke Skolelinux til mer enn bare en tjener for
8509   terminalklienter. Et eksempel: Zentyal sin web-dashboard.</li>
8510 </ul>
8511
8512 <p>Bedre og mer intuitive administrative verktøy kunne løst deler av
8513 problemet, men det er unektelig at ved bruk av Skolelinux må
8514 IT-personalet vite hva de gjør for å få ting gjort riktig, eller i det
8515 hele tatt. Med andre platformer er kompetansen enklere tilgjengelig og
8516 løsningene kan fungere på en tilfredstillende, om ikke riktig
8517 måte.</p>
8518
8519 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8520
8521 <p>Har brukt GNU/Linux utelukkende sommitt skrivebord OS siden 2000. I
8522 dag bruker jeg Ubuntu og gjør det meste med friprogramvare verktøyene
8523 som er tilgjengelige der. Med over 20.000 programmer å velge mellom er
8524 dette mer enn nok for de fleste brukerne.</p>
8525
8526 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8527 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8528
8529 <p>Opplysning og pragmatikk.  Vi prøver å løse problemer med bruk av
8530 programvare. De fleste utfordringene skolene har på IKT-siden kan
8531 løses ved hjelp av friprogramvareverktøy i dag. Det som trenges er
8532 opplysning, kunnskap og kompetanse.</p>
8533
8534       </div>
8535       <div class="tags">
8536
8537
8538         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8539
8540
8541       </div>
8542     </div>
8543     <div class="padding"></div>
8544
8545     <div class="entry">
8546       <div class="title">
8547         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Morten_Amundsen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Morten Amundsen</a>
8548       </div>
8549       <div class="date">
8550         23rd January 2011
8551       </div>
8552       <div class="body">
8553         <p>Denne gangen er det Tromsøkontoret til Friprog-senteret, og nyvalgt
8554 styremedlem i <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen
8555 FRISK</a> jeg har fått i tale i min intervjuserie med
8556 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-folk.</p>
8557
8558 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8559
8560 <p>Jeg heter Morten Amundsen og jobber i
8561 <a href="http://www.friprog.no/">Friprog.no</a>, men er for tiden leid
8562 ut til <a href="http://www.bredbandsfylket.no/">Bredbåndsfylket
8563 Troms</a> der jeg jobber med ett prosjekt som heter
8564 "<a href="http://www.bredbandsfylket.no/skolefjoela.157417.no.html">Skolefjøla</a>"
8565 Vi ser på en åpen løsning som integrerer eksisterende lukkete
8566 løsninger sammen med fri programvare. Målet er å gi elever og lærere
8567 en plattform som de kan tilpasse utfra behov.</p>
8568
8569 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8570
8571 <p>Skolelinux har jeg møtt ved flere anledninger opp gjennom åra, både gjennom
8572 entusiastiske skolelinuxbrukere og skeptiske "forståsegpåere" :-)</p>
8573
8574 <p>Jeg husker en leverandør av et stort OS for noen år siden mente at
8575 Skolelinux var kun for hackere og nerder og at ingen seriøse skoler
8576 kunne ta dette i bruk.  Heldigvis er kunnskapen større nå og
8577 skikkelige "IT-folk" søker alltid å utvide sin kunnskap.
8578
8579 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8580
8581 <p>Ja det er mange fordeler. Uavhengighet, stabilitet, åpenhet, standarder
8582 osv. Tror det er viktig at man ikke begrenser mulighetene på den plattformen
8583 elevene skal jobbe.</p>
8584
8585 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8586
8587 <p>Det største hinderet er det vi opplever på andre områder rundt
8588 fri programvare, nemlig kunnskap. For mange er det trygt å velge det vi
8589 alltid har valgt. Fordi leverandørene rundt oss sitter på den kunnskapen og
8590 de vi støtter oss på har den samme.  Hvis vi klarer å riste løs litt og
8591 glemme gamle kriger mellom operativsystemer og  leverandører, men sette ned
8592 hva som er viktig og velge ut fra det, så hadde man kanskje kommet ut med
8593 litt andre resultat. Jeg tror IT-folk er konservative og velger tradisjonelt
8594 og det er synd.</p>
8595
8596 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8597
8598 <p>Jeg bruker Ubuntu, Android, Jolicloud, Open Office, Zimbra, Picasa
8599 og Firefox samt en bråte med tjenester som er webbasert. Det eneste
8600 som er betalingslisens for er OSX.  Ser at jeg jobber mer og mer i
8601 skyen og setter pris på alt jeg slipper egen klient til.  Derfor er
8602 jeg veldig sjarmert av små kjappe operativsystemer som krever minimalt
8603 av maskinvaren.</p>
8604
8605 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8606 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8607
8608 <p>Tror en blanding av krav og informasjon er veien å gå. Krav om
8609 sikkerhet, oppetid og åpne standarder.  Informasjon om muligheter og
8610 alternativer. Her har leverandører, IT-avdelinger og pedagoger en vei
8611 å gå sammen. Det er til slutt LÆRING det dreier seg om, og da må man
8612 få mest mulig læring for pengene man har.</p>
8613
8614       </div>
8615       <div class="tags">
8616
8617
8618         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8619
8620
8621       </div>
8622     </div>
8623     <div class="padding"></div>
8624
8625     <div class="entry">
8626       <div class="title">
8627         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Sturle_Sunde.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Sturle Sunde</a>
8628       </div>
8629       <div class="date">
8630         19th January 2011
8631       </div>
8632       <div class="body">
8633         <p>Denne gang har jeg fått tak i en mangeårig unix-mann som etter
8634 mange år ved Universitetet i Oslo, der jeg først traff ham, har
8635 flyttet tilbake til vestlandet, og der bidratt til å revitalisere
8636 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-oppsettet i
8637 Florø.</p>
8638
8639 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8640
8641 <p>Sturle Sunde, ansvarleg for skulenettet i Flora kommune.  Eg driv,
8642 vidareutviklar og er andrelinje brukarstøtte for datanettet ved
8643 skulane i Flora kommune.  10 skular og meir enn 700 maskiner med
8644 Linux, medrekna tynnklientar.  Tidlegare jobba eg i mange år med
8645 unix-drift ved Universitetets senter for informasjonsteknologi ved
8646 Universitetet i Oslo.</p>
8647
8648 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8649
8650 <p>Det er vanskeleg å svare konkret på.  Eg har drive med Unix og Linux i
8651 alle år, og Skulelinux er eit godt kjent prosjekt i miljøet.  Det var
8652 først i 2008, då eg tok til i min noverande jobb, at eg fekk bruk for
8653 Skulelinux for alvor.</p>
8654
8655 <p>Jobben min skulle vere drift av eit nytt skulenett i Flora kommune,
8656 levert av eit firma eg ikkje vil reklamere for.  Systemet skulle vere
8657 ferdig levert i september året før.  Dette viste seg å ta mykje lenger
8658 tid, og i haustferien 2008 hadde dei endå ikkje klart å få opp ei
8659 fungerande løysing.  Situasjonen var prekær for den største skulen i
8660 kommunen med meir enn 500 elevar på ungdomssteget.  Skulen hadde brukt
8661 Skulelinux før, og var tilfredse med det.  No hadde dei vore utan
8662 fungerande datasystem i nesten eit år.  Difor fekk eg opp ein ny tenar
8663 utanfor prosjektet og installerte Skulelinux på den.  Etter litt
8664 justering av konfigurasjonen med god hjelp av #skolelinux på IRC, var
8665 den nye tenaren oppe og gjekk med både tynne og halv-tjukke klientar.
8666 Autentisering gjekk mot det nye systemet, slik at elevar og lærarar
8667 framleis har same brukarnamn og passord over alt.  Dette berre
8668 fungerte, og vi bestemte oss for å erstatte delar av løysinga vi
8669 skulle få levert med Skulelinux.</p>
8670
8671 <p>Det høyrer med til historia at det nye systemet eg skulle drive frå
8672 januar 2008 endå ikkje er ferdig levert.  Dei jobbar med saka, seier
8673 dei, og har von om å fullføre leveransen i løpet av 2011.</p>
8674
8675 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8676
8677 <p>Det er veldig mange.  Eg skal ta nokre få.</p>
8678
8679 <p>Den viktigaste fordelen er at det igrunn berre er ei maskin å passe
8680 på, og det er tenaren.  Med andre løysingar har ein gjerne programvare
8681 og anna som skal vedlikehaldast på kvar enkelt maskin.  Med Skulelinux
8682 kan alle feil rettast og alle program oppgraderast på alle maskiner
8683 samstundes ved å gjere endringa som må til på tenaren.  Eg kan sitje
8684 på kontoret og passe på alle tenarane i kommunen derifrå.</p>
8685
8686 <ul>
8687
8688 <li>Tynne klientar gjer det mogleg å bruke eldre utstyr lenge, so lenge
8689 tenaren er sterk nok.  Ein liten tenar med eit par halv-moderne CPUar
8690 og 2 GiB RAM held lenge for eit typisk klasserom med 30 tynnklientar,
8691 og det er lett å utvide med fleire.
8692
8693 <li>Halvtjukke klientar gjer det mogleg å utnytte kapasiteten i litt
8694 nyare maskiner betre, og avlaste tenaren.  Ingenting vert installert
8695 lokalt på desse heller, og harddisken kan gjerne koblast frå.  Gode
8696 halvtjukke klientar kan kjøpast brukt for under 1000-lappen, og det er
8697 heile kostnaden.  Ingen lisensar eller anna på toppen, og det er ikkje
8698 krav til kraftigare tenar heller.
8699
8700 <li>Det er Linux.  Vi har ikkje noko kluss med drivarar, dei berre er
8701 der.  Heller ikkje med virus, dei finst i realiteten ikkje.  Eller med
8702 elevar som klussar med installert programvare, for dei klarar ikkje å
8703 øydeleggje for nokon andre enn seg sjølve.
8704
8705 </ul>
8706
8707 <p>Skulelinux er lagt opp til å vere veldig lett å installere rett ut
8708 av boksen på ein heil skule av ein interessert lærar.  Det er ofte ei
8709 god løysing for skulen.  Å ha nokon til stades som kjenner systemet og
8710 kan forklare enkle ting eller løyse problem der og då, er uvurderleg
8711 viktig for ein stressa lærar fem minutt før det ringer inn.</p>
8712
8713 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8714
8715 <p>All den ferdige konfigurasjonen gjer det tungvint å tilpasse
8716 Skulelinux til eit system som skal fungere saman med mange andre
8717 installasjonar i eit felles datanett for skulane i ein kommune.  Det
8718 heile er prekonfigurert for ein skule, og utviding til mange skular
8719 med eigne tenarar er ikkje berre enkelt.</p>
8720
8721 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8722
8723 <p>Eg brukar mest alle små hjelpeprogram som føl med operativsystemet,
8724 samt scriptspråket perl.  Elles er Firefox/Iceweasel, Gnome-terminal
8725 og ssh i kontinuerleg bruk.  Av Linux-distribusjonar brukar eg både
8726 Debian, Ubuntu, SuSE og RedHat dagleg.  Eg prøvar å finne det verktyet
8727 som passar best til kvar del av jobben.</p>
8728
8729 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8730 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8731
8732 <p>Det er to målgrupper ein må sikte mot.  Det eine er alle skulane som
8733 manglar eller har eit lite tilfredsstillande opplegg i dag, og ikkje
8734 har råd til å kjøpe noko nytt og blankpussa opplegg.  Der er det om å
8735 gjere å gjere det enkelt for skulane å finne Skulelinux, og gjere det
8736 enkelt for dei å få hjelp til installasjon på skulen.  Gjerne med
8737 lokale kontaktpersonar.  Her er det dugnadsinnsats som må til, for
8738 desse skulane har ikkje råd til å betale for dette.</p>
8739
8740 <p>Den andre og kanskje viktigare målgruppa er dei meir eller mindre
8741 profesjonelle kundane.  Alle store offentlege innkjøp, inkludert
8742 innkjøp av nytt datasystem for skular, må ut på offentleg anbod.
8743 Offentlege anbod er mykje meir lukka enn dei gjev inntrykk av, og både
8744 regelboka og boka med triks for å sminke tilbodet er tjukk.  Det er
8745 vanskeleg å komme inn utan eit solid salsapparat i ryggen.  Kanskje
8746 Skulelinux skulle prøve aktivt å få seg eit partnarskap med eit av dei
8747 store som gjerne vil sterkare inn på den offentlege IT-marknaden?
8748 Nokon som kjenner triksa og har krefter til å ta opp kampen mot både
8749 dårlege anbod og Rudolf Blostrupmoen IT AS.  Leveranse til skulane i
8750 ein kommune er ein god måte å få ein fot inn døra som leverandør til
8751 ein lukrativ kommunemarknad som kjøper alle tenester.  Ta kontakt med
8752 nokon som er passeleg store og ikkje er Microsoft-partnar, og fortell:
8753 «Vi har eit ferdig produkt som du kan selje.  Nei vi skal ikkje ha for
8754 det.  Du kan gjerne gjere kva du vil med det, berre vi får lov til å
8755 hjelpe deg.  Målgruppa er alle kommunar, og det er noko dei vil ha.
8756 Det er eit godt produkt, brukt av mange og godt likt.»</p>
8757
8758       </div>
8759       <div class="tags">
8760
8761
8762         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8763
8764
8765       </div>
8766     </div>
8767     <div class="padding"></div>
8768
8769     <div class="entry">
8770       <div class="title">
8771         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Embrik_Kaslegard.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Embrik Kaslegard</a>
8772       </div>
8773       <div class="date">
8774         16th January 2011
8775       </div>
8776       <div class="body">
8777         <p>Neste ut i min intervjuserie med folk i
8778 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a> er
8779 lærer, mangeårig bidragsyter på epostlistene og tidligere
8780 Skolelinux-administrator på en skole i Hemsedal.</p>
8781
8782 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8783
8784 <p>Embrik Kaslegard, 1964-modell, fire barn (7-20 år). Begynte som
8785 lærer i 1989 - har hatt IKT-ansvar siden første året i jobb. Har
8786 jobbet som lærer/IKT-ansvarlig uavbrutt siden 1989. Jobbet med
8787 Skolelinux fra 2004 til 2010. Nå har jeg fått ny arbeidsplass og er
8788 40% lærer og 60% IKT med Windows XP, Win2003 server og et regionalt
8789 IKT-regime som legger premissene og begrensingene for hva vi kan gjøre
8790 på skolen.</p>
8791
8792 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8793
8794 <p>Jeg leste en artikkel om en dugnadsinstallasjon av Skolelinux på en
8795 skole på Jæren et sted. Tanken om dugnad og frihet appellerte til
8796 meg. Da vi skulle bygge ny skole var det en del vi måtte spare på,
8797 fordi vi beveget oss mot en kostnadssprekk. Kabling og investering i
8798 PC-er var en av tingene vi sparte på. Derfor kjøpe vi 72 pc-er for 390
8799 pr stk. En filtjener og en applikasjonsserver.</p>
8800
8801 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8802
8803 <p>Fordelen er at så mye er satt opp fra starten. I tillegg er det
8804 tydelig at pakka er laga for skoleverket. Brukerne har egne
8805 skrivebord, tilgang på mange gode verktøyprogrammer. Vi slipper å
8806 tenke på virus. Brukerne har ikke mulighet til å ødelegge
8807 klientoppsett, men har gode muligheter til å endre eget oppsett. Dette
8808 tror jeg er inspirerende og kjekt for mange brukere.  Mappestrukturen
8809 er ferdig og det er "enkelt" å designe lokale mappestrukturer via
8810 skeleton.  Noen av oss i skoleverket mener skolen skal være en
8811 "mot-kultur". Da er Skolelinux et av valgene man kan ta. Et annet er å
8812 spise på indisk restaurant i stedet for Mc Donald's når vi er på bytur
8813 osv.. Ordene deling, frihet, dugnad osv er positive ord i
8814 skoleverket. Det er viktig at elevene blir bevisst dette.</p>
8815
8816 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8817
8818 <p>Kompabiliteten er selvsagt et problem, selv om det er mindre nå enn
8819 før.  For IKT-personer på skolene som skal drifte dette er det
8820 problematisk med kommandoer i terminalen.  I tillegg er det alt for
8821 mange programmer i Skolelinux som ikke blir brukt.  Jeg tror
8822 Skolelinux er tjent med å tone ned begrepet pedagogisk programvare.
8823 Slik jeg ser det finnes ikke denne kategorien programmer lengre slik
8824 de gjorde før, som frittsående programmer som installeres på en
8825 datamaskin eller på serveren.  Det finnes en del spesialpedagogiske
8826 programmer, som Textpilot, LingDys, LingRight, AskiRaski, Ny i Norge
8827 osv.  Men dette er programmer for enkelt-elever eller små grupper av
8828 elever.  Det som bør være fokus er at alle undervisningsressurser som
8829 lages for nettet skal være nettleseruavhengig.</p>
8830
8831 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8832
8833 <p>OpenOffice bruker jeg til vanlig kontorarbeide.  VLC bruker jeg som
8834 videoavspiller og av og til streaming av film.  Gimp bruker jeg i
8835 undervisningen til bildemanipulering. Firefox og Chrome er mine
8836 favoritt-nettlesere.  Firefox har lenge vært førstevalget mitt, nå
8837 bruker jeg mest Chrome.  Opplever den som raskere og smidigere enn
8838 Firefox.  Ubuntu bruker jeg som dualboot på jobb-maskinen min i
8839 tillegg til at alle PCer hjemme har en eller annen Ubuntu-distribusjon
8840 installert.  Jeg bruker Clonezilla på Ubuntu 10.04 til kloning av
8841 datamaskiner på jobb.  Det er selvsagt en haug andre frie programmer
8842 jeg bruker men jeg bruker dem ikke daglig.  Jeg kan ramse opp:
8843 recordmydesktop, cinelerra, acidrip, soundjuicer, audacity, NX
8844 (no-machine), Kino, Rythmbox...</p>
8845
8846 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8847 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8848
8849 <p>Jeg tror oppsøkende virksomhet er den rette strategien.
8850 Ressurspersoner gjør avtaler med rådmenn, skolesjefer, rektorer.  Det
8851 er slik konkurrentene gjør det.  Fokuset i slike samtaler bør være
8852 kost-nytte.  Dersom personer med økonomisk ansvar ser at de kan få
8853 like godt tilbud til mindre utgifter, tror jeg det er mulighet til å
8854 få innpass.  Dersom de også kan få konkrete tilbud på drift i slike
8855 samtaler, vil de kanskje bli litt mer interesserte i hvor mye penger
8856 som faktisk går til IKT i skolene.  Det er også viktig at vi ikke
8857 firer for mye på krav til datamaskiner.  Det er flott at Skolelinux
8858 går på "utrangert" utstyr, men dette bør bare presenteres som et
8859 alternativ.  Skolelinux-installasjoner med utrangert utstyr er ikke å
8860 foretrekke dersom man kan unngå det. Det skaper ikke entusiasme hos
8861 brukerne (elever og lærere) når de bruker gamle datamaskiner som går
8862 tregt.  Det er kjempefint med skoler som har kommet seg frem til
8863 Skolelinux og fri programvare av seg selv, men de lever på nåde.
8864 Slike valg må fundamenteres hos skoleeier.</p>
8865
8866 <p>Oppdatering 2011-01-16 22:40: Oppdatert svarene for de tre siste
8867 spørsmålene litt mer tekst fra Embrik.</p>
8868
8869       </div>
8870       <div class="tags">
8871
8872
8873         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8874
8875
8876       </div>
8877     </div>
8878     <div class="padding"></div>
8879
8880     <div class="entry">
8881       <div class="title">
8882         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Viggo_Fedreheim.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Viggo Fedreheim</a>
8883       </div>
8884       <div class="date">
8885         12th January 2011
8886       </div>
8887       <div class="body">
8888         <p>Jeg fortsetter min intervjuserie med folk i
8889 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a>.  Denne
8890 gang er det en av folkene som har vært med lenge og som har tatt i
8891 bruk Skolelinux på alle skolene i Narvik kommune som skal i ilden.
8892 Han er styremedlem i
8893 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen
8894 FRISK</a>.</p>
8895
8896 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8897
8898 <p>Mitt navn er Viggo Fedreheim, og jeg er pedagogisk og teknisk
8899 IKT-veileder for alle skoler i Narvik kommune.  Jeg drifter totalt 17
8900 servere basert på Skolelinux og Debian. Jeg holder i tillegg noen kurs
8901 mellom all driftingen. For tiden arbeider jeg med en sentral
8902 LDAP-tjener for alle skoleservere samt våre Moodle- og
8903 Joomla-installasjoner.</p>
8904
8905 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8906
8907 <p>Gjennom en eller annen nettavis i 2001 der var det skrevet om
8908 Skolelinux.  Artikkelen ga meg lyst til å prøve ut systemet.</p>
8909
8910 <p>Det startet i 2002 ved at jeg installerte en av de første utgavene
8911 av Skolelinux på en standard pc på Solneset skole i Tromsø.  Denne var
8912 oppe fram til desember 2003 da jeg sluttet på den skolen og begynte i
8913 ny jobb i Narvik kommune.</p>
8914
8915 <p> I Narvik kommune var det i 2004 kun 2 servere på da totalt 15
8916 skoler. Disse var Windows NT baserte. På disse to skolene var det lite
8917 med maskiner.  Jobben med å få Narvik Kommune opp på akseptabelt nivå
8918 virket å være formidabel.  Men med hjelp av gode kollegaer og leder
8919 skrev jeg en IKT plan for Narvik kommune som ble vedtatt av politikere
8920 i august 2004. I denne planen ble det bestemt at Narvik kommune skulle
8921 bruke Skolelinux.  Her ble det også satt av midler til kabling av god
8922 infrastruktur på alle skoler samt innkjøp av nye datamaskiner.  Så i
8923 dag har vi 17 servere hvorav 13 er på Skolelinux, med ca 1500 klienter
8924 basert på tynne, "halvtykke" og et stort antall bærbare pcer basert på
8925 Kubuntu.</p>
8926
8927 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8928
8929 <p>Lisenskostnader, driftkostnader og hardwarekrav som er mye lavere
8930 enn for andre systemer.</p>
8931
8932 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8933
8934 <p>Pedagogiske programvare som ikke fungerer mot Linux. En Stoooor
8935 flaskehals og som gjør at Linux kanskje ikke blir valgt andre
8936 plasser.</p>
8937
8938 <p>Eksempler er Relemo, Lindys (lingit sine programmer), 5plus
8939 (matematikk).  Disse er programmer som ikke lar seg kjøre i Linux.</p>
8940
8941 <p> Men det ser ut for at mange leverandører går over til mer
8942 nettbaserte programmer istedet for å installere lokalt.  Dette med
8943 enkelte leverandører som ikke kan levere programmer til Linux er et
8944 lite problem og over tid tror jeg at denne barrieren er borte.</p>
8945
8946 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8947
8948 <p>Kjører Kubuntu på laptoper, Debian squeeze på stasjonær
8949 kontorpc. Ut over dette arbeder jeg svært mye via konsoll mot andre
8950 servere.</p>
8951
8952       </div>
8953       <div class="tags">
8954
8955
8956         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8957
8958
8959       </div>
8960     </div>
8961     <div class="padding"></div>
8962
8963     <div class="entry">
8964       <div class="title">
8965         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Arnt_Ove_Gregersen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Arnt Ove Gregersen</a>
8966       </div>
8967       <div class="date">
8968          9th January 2011
8969       </div>
8970       <div class="body">
8971         <p>Inspirert av
8972 <a href="http://raphaelhertzog.com/tag/interview/">intervjurunden</a>
8973 som Raphael Hertzog har startet med folk i Debianprosjektet, fikk jeg
8974 lyst til å gjøre det samme med folk i
8975 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a>.  Håpet
8976 er at de som til daglig bidrar til å fremme fri programvare i
8977 skoleverket og utvikler en linux-distribusjon spesiallaget for
8978 skolebruk kan bli bedre kjent og kanskje inspirere flere til å bidra
8979 til Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
8980
8981 <p>Først ut er nyvalgt leder i
8982 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen FRISK</a> som
8983 organiserer utviklingen av Skolelinux-distribusjonen.  FRISK trenger
8984 alltid flere medlemmer, så
8985 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/index.php?page=signup">meld
8986 deg gjerne inn</a> hvis du vil støtte oss.</p>
8987
8988 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8989
8990 <p><!-- Mitt navn er Arnt Ove Gregersen, jeg er en småbarnfar på 32 år som
8991 for tiden bor Trondheim. -->
8992 Mitt navn er Arnt Ove Gregersen, jeg er 32 år og bor for tiden i Trondheim.
8993
8994 Her jobber jeg som systemutvikler i et firma
8995 som heter <a href="http://www.geomatikk-ikt.no/">Geomatikk IKT AS</a>,
8996 hvor jeg er på et Vegmeldings-prosjekt for Statens Vegvesen. På
8997 fritiden er jeg styreleder i FRISK (Fri programvare i skolen) og
8998 bidrar til bl.a. Skolelinux-prosjektet når jeg får tid til det. Det er
8999 primært hjemmesiden til Skolelinux-prosjektet og
9000 <a href="http://linuxveiviseren.no/">Linux-veiviseren</a> jeg har
9001 jobbet med her, men jeg har også gjort en del arbeid i forhold til
9002 FRISK sin hjemmeside.</p>
9003
9004 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9005
9006 <p>Jeg var på en presentasjon av prosjektet i regi av Knut Yrvin på
9007 Gløshaugen i Trondheim, hvor jeg fattet stor interesse for prosjektet
9008 og ville hjelpe til så godt jeg kunne.  Dette var vel i 2002 eller
9009 2003.</p>
9010
9011 <p>Jeg hadde fra før hørt om prosjektet fra før og syntes tanken bak var
9012 ganske fin, men hadde ikke noen interesse av bruke min egen fritid på
9013 det selv.</p>
9014
9015 <p>I etterkant av presentasjonen startet jeg og noen andre fra
9016 Trondheim "Skolelinux-prosjektet i Sør-Trøndelag" . Hvor vi var med å
9017 bidra til at Trondheim kommune satte igang Selsbakk ungdomskole som et
9018 pilotprosjekt med Skolelinux, som egentlig var og er en stor suksess,
9019 men det virker ut som det ikke skjer noe mer på. I tillegg var vi med
9020 på dugnad på Brundalen videregående skole hvor vi installerte
9021 Skolelinux som såvidt jeg vet fortsatt kjører på Skolelinux.</p>
9022
9023 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9024
9025 <p>Det bygger på fri programvare og har lav kostnad i forhold til
9026 nytteverdien. Dette fordi det har forholdsvis lav inngangsum og bruker
9027 en arkitektur med sentral-drift som gir mange driftfordeler.  I
9028 tillegg vil det kunne frigjøre kostnader for skolene slik at de kan
9029 bruke dem til å ansette f,eks flere lærere om det er ønskelig.</p>
9030
9031 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9032
9033 <P>Ikke all pedagogisk programvare er tilgjengelig der, som f.eks
9034 Drillpro om jeg ikke husker feil.</p>
9035
9036 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9037
9038 <p>Til utvikling av Java-applikasjoner og Android bruker jeg Eclipse og
9039 Quanta til web-utvikling via php. For all bildebehandling bruker jeg
9040 GIMP og Blender til 3d-modellering . Dessverre har Blender en bratt
9041 læringskurve i starten, men det er absolutt verdt det.
9042
9043 <p>Til musikk bruker jeg stort Rhytmbox. Firefox til surfing på nettet og
9044 Thunderbird og Evolution til e-post,
9045
9046 <p>På database-siden bruker jeg PostgreSQL, Postgis og av og til Mysql.
9047
9048 <p>Når jeg får tid til å spille bruker jeg som regel et strategi-spill
9049 som er basert på TA Spring-motoren (springrts.com), her er det et
9050 veldig bra utvalg av gratis spill som er av høy kvalitet. Veldig lett
9051 å bli hektet :)</p>
9052
9053       </div>
9054       <div class="tags">
9055
9056
9057         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9058
9059
9060       </div>
9061     </div>
9062     <div class="padding"></div>
9063
9064     <div class="entry">
9065       <div class="title">
9066         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Inspirerende_fra_en_ukjent_Skolelinux_skole.html">Inspirerende fra en ukjent Skolelinux-skole</a>
9067       </div>
9068       <div class="date">
9069          4th January 2011
9070       </div>
9071       <div class="body">
9072         <p>Følgende inspirerende historie fant jeg i
9073 <a href="http://www.digi.no/php/ny_debatt.php?id=858869#innlegg_770926">kommentarfeltet
9074 hos digi.no</a> i forbindelse med en trist sak om hvordan
9075 <a href="http://www.digi.no/858869/datakaos-etter-linux-satsing">skolen
9076 i Hemsedal har fått ødelagt</a> sin Skolelinux-installasjon.  Jeg har
9077 fikset endel åpenbare skrivefeil for lesbarhetens skyld.</p>
9078
9079 <blockquote>
9080 <p><strong>Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
9081 <br>av Inspektør Siri (gjest)
9082
9083 <p>Kommunen min har to omtrent jevnstore tettsteder, og en
9084 ungdomsskole i hvert av tettstedene. Den minste av disse har ca 300
9085 elever og til denne sogner det 3 barneskoler. Den største har ca 350
9086 elever og til denne sogner det 4 barneskoler.</p>
9087
9088 <ul>
9089
9090 <li>Kommunen har i veldig lang tid forsømt IKT i skolen, og det har
9091 bare blitt gitt smuler i ny og ne. Det er kun den største av
9092 ungdomsskolene som har hatt en skikkelig datapark, og dette takket
9093 være en naturfaglærer som ble lei av å vente på kommunen. Det gjorde
9094 at vi bestemte oss for å ta ting i egne hender, og da vha
9095 skolelinux. En testinstallasjon med 10 gamle PCer ble gjort, og vi så
9096 raskt at dette var veldig lovende. Neste etappe var å gi alle lærere
9097 egen PC på arbeidsplassene sine (2004), og så sette opp 16 PCer på to
9098 datarom. Vi har kun basert oss på å kjøpe inn brukte maskiner, og
9099 aldri dyrere enn 1000 kr pr klient. For to år siden så hadde vi
9100 klienter i alle klasserom, og totalt hadde vi da rundt 250 stk. Rundt
9101 40 klienter brukes av lærerne og kjører på en egen server. Elvene har
9102 resten, og kjører også en egen server. Servere har vi også kjøpt
9103 brukt, 2 år gamle servere koster 6-7000 kroner.</li>
9104
9105 <li>Skolen vår er et relativt gammelt bygg, men en meget dyktig
9106 vaktmester har sammen med IKT-ansvarlig/Naturfaglærer lagt kabler til alle
9107 rom. Gradvis har vi byttet ut billige svitsjer med mer solide saker
9108 som er mulig å fjernstyre.</li>
9109
9110 <li>Vi har i all hovedsak greid å få dette til over eget budsjett, men
9111 vi har også passet på å få penger når de andre skolene har fått
9112 bærbare PCer til lærere osv.</li>
9113
9114 <li>Vår IKT-ansvarlig har gjort (og gjør) en fenomenal jobb, og vi har
9115 en maskinpark som de andre av kommunens skoler bare kan drømme
9116 om.</li>
9117
9118 </ul>
9119
9120 <p>Så skjer det som ofte skjer. Det kommer en eller annen
9121 selger/blåruss og skal fikse ALT. I vårt tilfelle betyr dette også
9122 sentralisering av drift. Den ny-ansatte på kommunens IT-avdelingen
9123 skal også ha jobb, og ser for seg å ta over skoledriften. Kommunen
9124 kjøper inn eksterne driftstjenester, og nekter i samme slengen å ta
9125 hensyn til skolen vår. Dette til tross for at vi alene har like mange
9126 datamaskiner som de andre til sammen. </p>
9127
9128 <ul>
9129
9130 <li>Det blir krevd at vi skal innlemmes i de kommunale systemet, og
9131 det er VI som får ansvar for at dette kommer på plass. Og det er her
9132 de horrible tingene begynner å skje. </li>
9133
9134 <li>Det settes opp en lukket Exchange server som gjør av vi ikke kan
9135 hente epost for våre ansatte. Og det kreves at vi finner løsning på
9136 dette.</li>
9137
9138 <li>Det velges sak arkivsystem som vi pålegges å bruke, noe som gjør
9139 at vi må bruke en terminalløsning mot kommunal server. Ikke i seg selv
9140 et problem i følge IKT-ansvarlig hos oss. Men kommunens IT-avd nektet
9141 faktisk å åpne de porter OSV som vi måtte bruke.</li>
9142
9143 <li>Vi blir pålagt å flytte på innsiden av det kommunale
9144 nettverket. Dette gjorde at vi mistet hjemmekontor for lærere og
9145 elever. Å få åpnet porter i kommunal brannmur var ikke
9146 aktuelt. Mulighet for fjerndrift ble også vekk i samme slengen. </li>
9147
9148 <li>Vår LMS Moodle er ikke mulig å nå for elevene og lærerne.
9149
9150 </ul>
9151
9152 <p>Den andre ungdomsskolen i kommunen begynner så å kreve at de skal
9153 få bedre datatetthet, og komme opp på et nivå som ligner det vi
9154 har. De ser at vi kan avholde eksamen hvor alle 10. klassingene får
9155 sitte ved hver sin PC. Og de har fått tilbakemelding (klager) fra VGS
9156 om manglende datakompetanse på elevene som kommer fra dem. Dette fører
9157 videre til at kommunen endelig innser at de må ta grep. </p>
9158
9159 <p>Grepet betyr sentralisering, og farvel til vår plattform får vi
9160 høre. Det blir gjort en rekke bestemmelser og vedtak som vi ikke får
9161 være en del av. Det blir helt klart at vi må redusere antall maskiner,
9162 og det skal satses på bærbare maskiner. Siden vi ikke har fått tatt
9163 del i prosessene som angår oss, så bruker vi fagforening. Vi har ikke
9164 blitt hørt i forbindelse med endringer som er betydelig for vår
9165 hverdag, og greier å stoppe omlegging. I tillegg så har vi et politisk
9166 vedtak i kommunen på at vi skal kjøre Linux på elevnett, og dette
9167 vedtaket kan ikke administrasjonen i kommunene helt uten videre
9168 tilsidesette. </p>
9169
9170 <p>I sum har dette gjort at vi har fått jobbe videre i fred. Og en del
9171 runder i kommunens kontrollutvalg har gjort det tydelig at vi har blitt
9172 systematisk motarbeidet. </p>
9173
9174 <p>I dag har de andre skolene fått sine bærbare maskiner til elever og
9175 lærere, men etter 2 år med innkjøring er det fremdeles problemer
9176 her. </p>
9177
9178 <ul>
9179
9180 <li>Ungdomsskolen med windows kan ikke kjøre eksamen med sine bærbare,
9181 det er for mye arbeid å renske disse for innhold slik at juks ikke er
9182 mulig.</li>
9183
9184 <li>Utskrift er et mareritt, etter sigende pga at utskrift først
9185 sendes til sentral server, og så sendes ut til rett skriver. I snitt
9186 så tar det 7-8 minutter før utskrift starter på enkelte av
9187 skolene.</li>
9188
9189 <li>Trådløst skaper store problemer, og det er i perioder helt umulig
9190 å komme seg på nett. Og lagring på felles server er bare å glemme i
9191 perioder.</li>
9192
9193 </ul>
9194
9195 <p>Vi har slitt mye, kranglet og sloss. Ikke med tekniske problemer,
9196 men med omgivelsene rundt som vil oss til livs. Men det har vært verdt
9197 hver dråpe med svette, og timer med irritasjon. Men vi har begynt å få
9198 rutine her nå. </p>
9199
9200 <ul>
9201
9202 <li>Vi har fremdeles et system som vi styrer helt selv. </li>
9203 <li>Vi har vist at argumentet med at vår IKT-ansvarlig kan finne seg annen jobb ikke holder mål. Vi har kjøpt driftskonto hos et firma i tilfelle krise, og vi har kjørt opplæring på flere av de yngre lærerne. </li>
9204 <li>Vi har til enhver tid en lærling IKT driftsfag, og velger selvsagt ut dem som satser på Linux. Vi har nå begynt å få tilbake av våre tidligere elever som vil til oss nettopp fordi vi har Linux.</li>
9205 <li>Vi har vist at vi greier å opprettholde en dobbelt så stor datapark som naboskolen, og det til en billigere penge. </li>
9206 <li>Vi har datastøtte og support på huset, ALLTID tilgjengelig. De andre skolene må vente flere dager hvis det ikke er noe kritisk. </li>
9207 <li>Vår IKT-ansvarlig har 50% stilling som lærer og 50% som IKT-ansvarlig. </li>
9208 <li>Vi har en lærer på hvert trinn som har 3 timer i uka til å drive support/støtte til de andre lærerne. </li>
9209 <li>Vi opplever at de yngste lærerne ved den andre ungdomsskolen ønsker seg over til oss. </li>
9210
9211 </ul>
9212
9213 <p>Vi skal i løpet av året starte prosess med å planlegge ny skole, og vi har fått gjennomslag for at jeg (inspektør) og IKT-ansvarlig skal ha det fulle og hele ansvar for IKT/Infrastruktur. Begrunnelsen vår som ble avgjørende her, var at IT-avd i kommunen ikke kan noe om data i skolen. </p>
9214
9215 <p>Beklager hvis dette ble litt usammenhengende, men det ble tastet i
9216 fei, og jeg har ikke lest gjennom</p>
9217 </blockquote>
9218
9219 <p>Det kom raskt et lite svar:</p>
9220
9221 <blockquote>
9222 <p><strong>SV: Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
9223 <br>av captain_obvious</p>
9224
9225 <p>Inspirerende å lese. Har dere gjort noe for å fortelle denne
9226 historien videre?</p>
9227
9228 <p>Hadde vært svært interessant om dere tok kontakt med dokument 2 eller
9229 lignende for å fortelle hvordan det egentlig står til med
9230 IT-satsningen i kommune-Norge. Om ikke annet kan du begynner med å
9231 raffinere innlegget ditt og få en gjesteartikkel på digi.no</p>
9232 </blockquote>
9233
9234 <p>Og deretter en lengre oppfølging.</p>
9235
9236 <blockquote>
9237 <p><strong>SV: Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
9238 <br>av Inspektør Siri (gjest)
9239
9240 <p>Joda, vi har lekt med tanken, og vi har t.o.m skrevet flere lengre
9241 leserinnlegg myntet på aviser. Disse er ikke sendt til aviser, men
9242 brukt internt i forbindelse med møter med kommune. Vår IKT-ansvarlig
9243 har også truet med å si opp jobben sin hvis det ikke ble tatt hensyn i
9244 større grad enn hva som har vært tilfelle. VI kan også dokumentere
9245 flere brudd på anbudsregler, og vi kjenner til at relativt store
9246 IT-leverandører som ikke har fått tatt del i disse anbudene, rett og
9247 slett ikke tør melde fra av redsel for å få et dårlig rykte. </p>
9248
9249 <p>Alt ser ut til å roe seg ned, og vi har fått opp øynene på
9250 politikerne. I sum gjør dette at vi ikke ønsker for mye publisitet nå,
9251 det vil bare rote til igjen. </p>
9252
9253 <p>Jeg glemte å nevne at vi nå nesten ikke bruker tid på å drifte
9254 systemet vårt, noe som gjør at det aller meste av tid blir brukt til å
9255 støtte lærerne og elevene. F.eks så bruker vår IKT-ansvarlig den
9256 første timen på jobb, 0730-0830 kun til å gå ute på arbeidsplassene
9257 til læreren. Dette for å kunne svare på små og store problem, gi tips
9258 og råd, eller bare for å plukke opp hva som er behovet ute i
9259 undervisningsarealene. Det er dessverre ikke slik at alle lærerne har
9260 nok digital kompetanse til å kunne formulere alle spørsmålene de har,
9261 men ved å kunne få vise eller lufte tanker med IKT-ansvarlig så er det
9262 utrolig hva som kommer fram. </p>
9263
9264 <ul>
9265
9266 <li>Jeg ser at mange bruker økonomi som argument i forhold til å bruke
9267 SkoleLinux, og jeg skal ikke legge skjul på at det var dette som i
9268 utgangspunktet var årsaken til vårt valg. Men diskusjonene og kampen
9269 med kommunens IT-avdeling har gjort at vi har fått et noe annet
9270 fokus. Fordelene med drift og stabilitet, gjør at vi ville ha valgt
9271 samme løsning selv om den var dyrere. At vi slipper langt billigere
9272 unna, som følge av 0,- lisenskostnader og lave maskinvarekostnader, er
9273 bare en bonus. </li>
9274
9275 <li>Etter å ha kranglet oss til å få skikkelig oversikt over hva de
9276 andre skolene i kommunen bruker på IT, så har vi fått gehør for å få
9277 samme midler til innkjøp. Dette har gjort at vi nå kan kjøpe inn
9278 utstyr som de andre skolene bare kan se langt etter. Vi har nettopp
9279 kjøpt inn 3 videokamera i semiproff-klassen for å kunne lage film,
9280 samt sende live fra skoleteater/konserter. Vi har kjøpt inn digitale
9281 kompaktkamera til alle klassene. Vi har et team av lærere som skal i
9282 gang med å teste ut tablets på svake elever. Håpet et at teknologien
9283 kan være med på å gi noen av elevene litt mer motivasjon. Vi har kjøpt
9284 inn et halvt klassesett med pulsklokker, noe som har vist seg å være
9285 overraskende inspirerende for en del av elevene. Vi har også oss på
9286 fag på en høyskole litt lengre sør for oss, slik at 3 av oss nå skal
9287 ta faget "Linux tjenestedrift". Som inspektør og en del av skolens
9288 administrasjon er det veldig praktisk å kunne trå til hvis det
9289 kniper. Men IKT-ansvarlig har vært UTROLIG flink til å lage rene
9290 smørbrødlister for hvordan de mest vanlige driftsproblem løses, så det
9291 er lett for flere av oss å ta del i den daglige driften. Vi har svært
9292 stor nytte av lærling (som også hjelper to av naboskolene), men det er
9293 nesten blitt slik at det er om å gjøre å komme til først for å få løse
9294 problem. Det å få fingrene på problem og utfordringer er den aller
9295 beste læremester. </li>
9296
9297 </ul>
9298
9299 <p>Når vi nå tar til med planlegging av ny skole, så vil det være med
9300 tanke på at det skal være mulig med datautstyr på alle plasser. Vi
9301 kommer i all hovedsak til å legge kabel til alle tenkelige og
9302 utenkelige plasser. WiFi koster tilnærmet NULL å sette opp i
9303 ettertid.</p>
9304
9305 <p>Vi har ikke vært noe flink til å bidra til SkoleLinux-prosjektet,
9306 vi har rett og slett vært for opptatt med vår egen kamp. Vi har hentet
9307 mye inspirasjon fra diskusjoner som har gått i det miljøet, og vi
9308 håper at vi nå framover kan få tid til å bidra. Vi er i ferd med å
9309 bytte ut en av serverne våre, og da vil denne trolig bli satt opp som
9310 testserver for neste versjon av Skolelinux. På den måten vil vi i alle
9311 fall kunne gi tilbakemeldinger og rapportere feil. I tillegg så vil
9312 det kanskje gi oss noen nye utfordringer, for som lærlingen vår sier:
9313 "Skolelinux er noe herk, det skjer jo ikke noe galt og hvordan skal
9314 jeg da lære?"</p>
9315
9316 </blockquote>
9317
9318 <p>Det er veldig hyggelig å høre at
9319 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> fungerer så bra i
9320 skoleverdagen etter å ha jobbet med det i 10 år.</p>
9321
9322       </div>
9323       <div class="tags">
9324
9325
9326         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9327
9328
9329       </div>
9330     </div>
9331     <div class="padding"></div>
9332
9333     <div class="entry">
9334       <div class="title">
9335         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_test_if_a_laptop_is_working_with_Linux.html">How to test if a laptop is working with Linux</a>
9336       </div>
9337       <div class="date">
9338         22nd December 2010
9339       </div>
9340       <div class="body">
9341         <p>The last few days I have spent at work here at the <a
9342 href="http://www.uio.no/">University of Oslo</a> testing if the new
9343 batch of computers will work with Linux.  Every year for the last few
9344 years the university have organised shared bid of a few thousand
9345 computers, and this year HP won the bid.  Two different desktops and
9346 five different laptops are on the list this year.  We in the UNIX
9347 group want to know which one of these computers work well with RHEL
9348 and Ubuntu, the two Linux distributions we currently handle at the
9349 university.</p>
9350
9351 <p>My test method is simple, and I share it here to get feedback and
9352 perhaps inspire others to test hardware as well.  To test, I PXE
9353 install the OS version of choice, and log in as my normal user and run
9354 a few applications and plug in selected pieces of hardware.  When
9355 something fail, I make a note about this in the test matrix and move
9356 on.  If I have some spare time I try to report the bug to the OS
9357 vendor, but as I only have the machines for a short time, I rarely
9358 have the time to do this for all the problems I find.</p>
9359
9360 <p>Anyway, to get to the point of this post.  Here is the simple tests
9361 I perform on a new model.</p>
9362
9363 <ul>
9364
9365 <li>Is PXE installation working?  I'm testing with RHEL6, Ubuntu Lucid
9366 and Ubuntu Maverik at the moment.  If I feel like it, I also test with
9367 RHEL5 and Debian Edu/Squeeze.</li>
9368
9369 <li>Is X.org working?  If the graphical login screen show up after
9370 installation, X.org is working.</li>
9371
9372 <li>Is hardware accelerated OpenGL working?  Running glxgears (in
9373 package mesa-utils on Ubuntu) and writing down the frames per second
9374 reported by the program.</li>
9375
9376 <li>Is sound working?  With Gnome and KDE, a sound is played when
9377 logging in, and if I can hear this the test is successful.  If there
9378 are several audio exits on the machine, I try them all and check if
9379 the Gnome/KDE audio mixer can control where to send the sound.  I
9380 normally test this by playing
9381 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20101012-chef/ ">a HTML5
9382 video</a> in Firefox/Iceweasel.</li>
9383
9384 <li>Is the USB subsystem working?  I test this by plugging in a USB
9385 memory stick and see if Gnome/KDE notices this.</li>
9386
9387 <li>Is the CD/DVD player working?  I test this by inserting any CD/DVD
9388 I have lying around, and see if Gnome/KDE notices this.</li>
9389
9390 <li>Is any built in camera working?  Test using cheese, and see if a
9391 picture from the v4l device show up.</li>
9392
9393 <li>Is bluetooth working?  Use the Gnome/KDE browsing tool to see if
9394 any bluetooth devices are discovered.  In my office, I normally see a
9395 few.</li>
9396
9397 <li>For laptops, is the SD or Compaq Flash reader working.  I have
9398 memory modules lying around, and stick them in and see if Gnome/KDE
9399 notice this.</li>
9400
9401 <li>For laptops, is suspend/hibernate working?  I'm testing if the
9402 special button work, and if the laptop continue to work after
9403 resume.</li>
9404
9405 <li>For laptops, is the extra buttons working, like audio level,
9406 adjusting background light, switching on/off external video output,
9407 switching on/off wifi, bluetooth, etc?  The set of buttons differ from
9408 laptop to laptop, so I just write down which are working and which are
9409 not.</li>
9410
9411 <li>Some laptops have smart card readers, finger print readers,
9412 acceleration sensors etc.  I rarely test these, as I do not know how
9413 to quickly test if they are working or not, so I only document their
9414 existence.</li>
9415
9416 </ul>
9417
9418 <p>By now I suspect you are really curious what the test results are
9419 for the HP machines I am testing.  I'm not done yet, so I will report
9420 the test results later.  For now I can report that HP 8100 Elite work
9421 fine, and hibernation fail with HP EliteBook 8440p on Ubuntu Lucid,
9422 and audio fail on RHEL6.  Ubuntu Maverik worked with 8440p.  As you
9423 can see, I have most machines left to test.  One interesting
9424 observation is that Ubuntu Lucid has almost twice the frame rate than
9425 RHEL6 with glxgears.  No idea why.</p>
9426
9427       </div>
9428       <div class="tags">
9429
9430
9431         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
9432
9433
9434       </div>
9435     </div>
9436     <div class="padding"></div>
9437
9438     <div class="entry">
9439       <div class="title">
9440         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_development_gathering_and_General_Assembly_for_FRiSK.html">Debian Edu development gathering and General Assembly for FRiSK</a>
9441       </div>
9442       <div class="date">
9443         29th November 2010
9444       </div>
9445       <div class="body">
9446         <p>On friday, the first Debian Edu / Skolelinux
9447 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering/2010-12-03-05-Oslo">development
9448 gathering</a> in a long time take place here in Oslo, Norway.  I
9449 really look forward to seeing all the good people working on the
9450 Squeeze release.  The gathering is open for everyone interested in
9451 learning more about Debian Edu / Skolelinux.</p>
9452
9453 <p>On Saturday, the Norwegian member organization taking care of
9454 organizing these development gatherings, Fri Programvare i Skolen,
9455 will hold its
9456 <a href="http://friprogramvareiskolen.no/Genfors/2010">General Assembly
9457 for 2010</a>.  Membership is open for all, and currently there are 388
9458 people registered as members.  Last year 32 members cast their vote in
9459 the memberdb based election system.  I hope more people find time to
9460 vote this year.</p>
9461
9462       </div>
9463       <div class="tags">
9464
9465
9466         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
9467
9468
9469       </div>
9470     </div>
9471     <div class="padding"></div>
9472
9473     <div class="entry">
9474       <div class="title">
9475         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_isn_t_Debian_Edu_using_VLC_.html">Why isn't Debian Edu using VLC?</a>
9476       </div>
9477       <div class="date">
9478         27th November 2010
9479       </div>
9480       <div class="body">
9481         <p>In the latest issue of Linux Journal, the readers choices were
9482 presented, and the winner among the multimedia player were VLC.
9483 Personally, I like VLC, and it is my player of choice when I first try
9484 to play a video file or stream.  Only if VLC fail will I drag out
9485 gmplayer to see if it can do better.  The reason is mostly the failure
9486 model and trust.  When VLC fail, it normally pop up a error message
9487 reporting the problem.  When mplayer fail, it normally segfault or
9488 just hangs.  The latter failure mode drain my trust in the program.<p>
9489
9490 <p>But even if VLC is my player of choice, we have choosen to use
9491 mplayer in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian
9492 Edu/Skolelinux</a>.  The reason is simple.  We need a good browser
9493 plugin to play web videos seamlessly, and the VLC browser plugin is
9494 not very good.  For example, it lack in-line control buttons, so there
9495 is no way for the user to pause the video.  Also, when I
9496 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/BrowserMultimedia">last
9497 tested the browser plugins</a> available in Debian, the VLC plugin
9498 failed on several video pages where mplayer based plugins worked.  If
9499 the browser plugin for VLC was as good as the gecko-mediaplayer
9500 package (which uses mplayer), we would switch.</P>
9501
9502 <p>While VLC is a good player, its user interface is slightly
9503 annoying.  The most annoying feature is its inconsistent use of
9504 keyboard shortcuts.  When the player is in full screen mode, its
9505 shortcuts are different from when it is playing the video in a window.
9506 For example, space only work as pause when in full screen mode.  I
9507 wish it had consisten shortcuts and that space also would work when in
9508 window mode.  Another nice shortcut in gmplayer is [enter] to restart
9509 the current video.  It is very nice when playing short videos from the
9510 web and want to restart it when new people arrive to have a look at
9511 what is going on.</p>
9512
9513       </div>
9514       <div class="tags">
9515
9516
9517         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
9518
9519
9520       </div>
9521     </div>
9522     <div class="padding"></div>
9523
9524     <div class="entry">
9525       <div class="title">
9526         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades_of_the_Gnome_and_KDE_desktop__now_with_apt_get_autoremove.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades of the Gnome and KDE desktop, now with apt-get autoremove</a>
9527       </div>
9528       <div class="date">
9529         22nd November 2010
9530       </div>
9531       <div class="body">
9532         <p>Michael Biebl suggested to me on IRC, that I changed my automated
9533 upgrade testing of the
9534 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">Lenny
9535 Gnome and KDE Desktop</a> to do <tt>apt-get autoremove</tt> when using apt-get.
9536 This seem like a very good idea, so I adjusted by test scripts and
9537 can now present the updated result from today:</p>
9538
9539 <p>This is for Gnome:</p>
9540
9541 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
9542
9543 <blockquote><p>
9544   apache2.2-bin
9545   aptdaemon
9546   baobab
9547   binfmt-support
9548   browser-plugin-gnash
9549   cheese-common
9550   cli-common
9551   cups-pk-helper
9552   dmz-cursor-theme
9553   empathy
9554   empathy-common
9555   freedesktop-sound-theme
9556   freeglut3
9557   gconf-defaults-service
9558   gdm-themes
9559   gedit-plugins
9560   geoclue
9561   geoclue-hostip
9562   geoclue-localnet
9563   geoclue-manual
9564   geoclue-yahoo
9565   gnash
9566   gnash-common
9567   gnome
9568   gnome-backgrounds
9569   gnome-cards-data
9570   gnome-codec-install
9571   gnome-core
9572   gnome-desktop-environment
9573   gnome-disk-utility
9574   gnome-screenshot
9575   gnome-search-tool
9576   gnome-session-canberra
9577   gnome-system-log
9578   gnome-themes-extras
9579   gnome-themes-more
9580   gnome-user-share
9581   gstreamer0.10-fluendo-mp3
9582   gstreamer0.10-tools
9583   gtk2-engines
9584   gtk2-engines-pixbuf
9585   gtk2-engines-smooth
9586   hamster-applet
9587   libapache2-mod-dnssd
9588   libapr1
9589   libaprutil1
9590   libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3
9591   libaprutil1-ldap
9592   libart2.0-cil
9593   libboost-date-time1.42.0
9594   libboost-python1.42.0
9595   libboost-thread1.42.0
9596   libchamplain-0.4-0
9597   libchamplain-gtk-0.4-0
9598   libcheese-gtk18
9599   libclutter-gtk-0.10-0
9600   libcryptui0
9601   libdiscid0
9602   libelf1
9603   libepc-1.0-2
9604   libepc-common
9605   libepc-ui-1.0-2
9606   libfreerdp-plugins-standard
9607   libfreerdp0
9608   libgconf2.0-cil
9609   libgdata-common
9610   libgdata7
9611   libgdu-gtk0
9612   libgee2
9613   libgeoclue0
9614   libgexiv2-0
9615   libgif4
9616   libglade2.0-cil
9617   libglib2.0-cil
9618   libgmime2.4-cil
9619   libgnome-vfs2.0-cil
9620   libgnome2.24-cil
9621   libgnomepanel2.24-cil
9622   libgpod-common
9623   libgpod4
9624   libgtk2.0-cil
9625   libgtkglext1
9626   libgtksourceview2.0-common
9627   libmono-addins-gui0.2-cil
9628   libmono-addins0.2-cil
9629   libmono-cairo2.0-cil
9630   libmono-corlib2.0-cil
9631   libmono-i18n-west2.0-cil
9632   libmono-posix2.0-cil
9633   libmono-security2.0-cil
9634   libmono-sharpzip2.84-cil
9635   libmono-system2.0-cil
9636   libmtp8
9637   libmusicbrainz3-6
9638   libndesk-dbus-glib1.0-cil
9639   libndesk-dbus1.0-cil
9640   libopal3.6.8
9641   libpolkit-gtk-1-0
9642   libpt2.6.7
9643   libpython2.6
9644   librpm1
9645   librpmio1
9646   libsdl1.2debian
9647   libsrtp0
9648   libssh-4
9649   libtelepathy-farsight0
9650   libtelepathy-glib0
9651   libtidy-0.99-0
9652   media-player-info
9653   mesa-utils
9654   mono-2.0-gac
9655   mono-gac
9656   mono-runtime
9657   nautilus-sendto
9658   nautilus-sendto-empathy
9659   p7zip-full
9660   pkg-config
9661   python-aptdaemon
9662   python-aptdaemon-gtk
9663   python-axiom
9664   python-beautifulsoup
9665   python-bugbuddy
9666   python-clientform
9667   python-coherence
9668   python-configobj
9669   python-crypto
9670   python-cupshelpers
9671   python-elementtree
9672   python-epsilon
9673   python-evolution
9674   python-feedparser
9675   python-gdata
9676   python-gdbm
9677   python-gst0.10
9678   python-gtkglext1
9679   python-gtksourceview2
9680   python-httplib2
9681   python-louie
9682   python-mako
9683   python-markupsafe
9684   python-mechanize
9685   python-nevow
9686   python-notify
9687   python-opengl
9688   python-openssl
9689   python-pam
9690   python-pkg-resources
9691   python-pyasn1
9692   python-pysqlite2
9693   python-rdflib
9694   python-serial
9695   python-tagpy
9696   python-twisted-bin
9697   python-twisted-conch
9698   python-twisted-core
9699   python-twisted-web
9700   python-utidylib
9701   python-webkit
9702   python-xdg
9703   python-zope.interface
9704   remmina
9705   remmina-plugin-data
9706   remmina-plugin-rdp
9707   remmina-plugin-vnc
9708   rhythmbox-plugin-cdrecorder
9709   rhythmbox-plugins
9710   rpm-common
9711   rpm2cpio
9712   seahorse-plugins
9713   shotwell
9714   software-center
9715   system-config-printer-udev
9716   telepathy-gabble
9717   telepathy-mission-control-5
9718   telepathy-salut
9719   tomboy
9720   totem
9721   totem-coherence
9722   totem-mozilla
9723   totem-plugins
9724   transmission-common
9725   xdg-user-dirs
9726   xdg-user-dirs-gtk
9727   xserver-xephyr
9728 </p></blockquote>
9729
9730 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
9731
9732 <blockquote><p>
9733   cheese
9734   ekiga
9735   eog
9736   epiphany-extensions
9737   evolution-exchange
9738   fast-user-switch-applet
9739   file-roller
9740   gcalctool
9741   gconf-editor
9742   gdm
9743   gedit
9744   gedit-common
9745   gnome-games
9746   gnome-games-data
9747   gnome-nettool
9748   gnome-system-tools
9749   gnome-themes
9750   gnuchess
9751   gucharmap
9752   guile-1.8-libs
9753   libavahi-ui0
9754   libdmx1
9755   libgalago3
9756   libgtk-vnc-1.0-0
9757   libgtksourceview2.0-0
9758   liblircclient0
9759   libsdl1.2debian-alsa
9760   libspeexdsp1
9761   libsvga1
9762   rhythmbox
9763   seahorse
9764   sound-juicer
9765   system-config-printer
9766   totem-common
9767   transmission-gtk
9768   vinagre
9769   vino
9770 </p></blockquote>
9771
9772 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
9773
9774 <blockquote><p>
9775   gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
9776 </p></blockquote>
9777
9778 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
9779
9780 <blockquote><p>
9781 [nothing]
9782 </p></blockquote>
9783
9784 <p>This is for KDE:</p>
9785
9786 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
9787
9788 <blockquote><p>
9789   ksmserver
9790 </p></blockquote>
9791
9792 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
9793
9794 <blockquote><p>
9795   kwin
9796   network-manager-kde
9797 </p></blockquote>
9798
9799 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
9800
9801 <blockquote><p>
9802   arts
9803   dolphin
9804   freespacenotifier
9805   google-gadgets-gst
9806   google-gadgets-xul
9807   kappfinder
9808   kcalc
9809   kcharselect
9810   kde-core
9811   kde-plasma-desktop
9812   kde-standard
9813   kde-window-manager
9814   kdeartwork
9815   kdeartwork-emoticons
9816   kdeartwork-style
9817   kdeartwork-theme-icon
9818   kdebase
9819   kdebase-apps
9820   kdebase-workspace
9821   kdebase-workspace-bin
9822   kdebase-workspace-data
9823   kdeeject
9824   kdelibs
9825   kdeplasma-addons
9826   kdeutils
9827   kdewallpapers
9828   kdf
9829   kfloppy
9830   kgpg
9831   khelpcenter4
9832   kinfocenter
9833   konq-plugins-l10n
9834   konqueror-nsplugins
9835   kscreensaver
9836   kscreensaver-xsavers
9837   ktimer
9838   kwrite
9839   libgle3
9840   libkde4-ruby1.8
9841   libkonq5
9842   libkonq5-templates
9843   libnetpbm10
9844   libplasma-ruby
9845   libplasma-ruby1.8
9846   libqt4-ruby1.8
9847   marble-data
9848   marble-plugins
9849   netpbm
9850   nuvola-icon-theme
9851   plasma-dataengines-workspace
9852   plasma-desktop
9853   plasma-desktopthemes-artwork
9854   plasma-runners-addons
9855   plasma-scriptengine-googlegadgets
9856   plasma-scriptengine-python
9857   plasma-scriptengine-qedje
9858   plasma-scriptengine-ruby
9859   plasma-scriptengine-webkit
9860   plasma-scriptengines
9861   plasma-wallpapers-addons
9862   plasma-widget-folderview
9863   plasma-widget-networkmanagement
9864   ruby
9865   sweeper
9866   update-notifier-kde
9867   xscreensaver-data-extra
9868   xscreensaver-gl
9869   xscreensaver-gl-extra
9870   xscreensaver-screensaver-bsod
9871 </p></blockquote>
9872
9873 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
9874
9875 <blockquote><p>
9876   ark
9877   google-gadgets-common
9878   google-gadgets-qt
9879   htdig
9880   kate
9881   kdebase-bin
9882   kdebase-data
9883   kdepasswd
9884   kfind
9885   klipper
9886   konq-plugins
9887   konqueror
9888   ksysguard
9889   ksysguardd
9890   libarchive1
9891   libcln6
9892   libeet1
9893   libeina-svn-06
9894   libggadget-1.0-0b
9895   libggadget-qt-1.0-0b
9896   libgps19
9897   libkdecorations4
9898   libkephal4
9899   libkonq4
9900   libkonqsidebarplugin4a
9901   libkscreensaver5
9902   libksgrd4
9903   libksignalplotter4
9904   libkunitconversion4
9905   libkwineffects1a
9906   libmarblewidget4
9907   libntrack-qt4-1
9908   libntrack0
9909   libplasma-geolocation-interface4
9910   libplasmaclock4a
9911   libplasmagenericshell4
9912   libprocesscore4a
9913   libprocessui4a
9914   libqalculate5
9915   libqedje0a
9916   libqtruby4shared2
9917   libqzion0a
9918   libruby1.8
9919   libscim8c2a
9920   libsmokekdecore4-3
9921   libsmokekdeui4-3
9922   libsmokekfile3
9923   libsmokekhtml3
9924   libsmokekio3
9925   libsmokeknewstuff2-3
9926   libsmokeknewstuff3-3
9927   libsmokekparts3
9928   libsmokektexteditor3
9929   libsmokekutils3
9930   libsmokenepomuk3
9931   libsmokephonon3
9932   libsmokeplasma3
9933   libsmokeqtcore4-3
9934   libsmokeqtdbus4-3
9935   libsmokeqtgui4-3
9936   libsmokeqtnetwork4-3
9937   libsmokeqtopengl4-3
9938   libsmokeqtscript4-3
9939   libsmokeqtsql4-3
9940   libsmokeqtsvg4-3
9941   libsmokeqttest4-3
9942   libsmokeqtuitools4-3
9943   libsmokeqtwebkit4-3
9944   libsmokeqtxml4-3
9945   libsmokesolid3
9946   libsmokesoprano3
9947   libtaskmanager4a
9948   libtidy-0.99-0
9949   libweather-ion4a
9950   libxklavier16
9951   libxxf86misc1
9952   okteta
9953   oxygencursors
9954   plasma-dataengines-addons
9955   plasma-scriptengine-superkaramba
9956   plasma-widget-lancelot
9957   plasma-widgets-addons
9958   plasma-widgets-workspace
9959   polkit-kde-1
9960   ruby1.8
9961   systemsettings
9962   update-notifier-common
9963 </p></blockquote>
9964
9965 <p>Running apt-get autoremove made the results using apt-get and
9966 aptitude a bit more similar, but there are still quite a lott of
9967 differences.  I have no idea what packages should be installed after
9968 the upgrade, but hope those that do can have a look.</p>
9969
9970       </div>
9971       <div class="tags">
9972
9973
9974         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
9975
9976
9977       </div>
9978     </div>
9979     <div class="padding"></div>
9980
9981     <div class="entry">
9982       <div class="title">
9983         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Migrating_Xen_virtual_machines_using_LVM_to_KVM_using_disk_images.html">Migrating Xen virtual machines using LVM to KVM using disk images</a>
9984       </div>
9985       <div class="date">
9986         22nd November 2010
9987       </div>
9988       <div class="body">
9989         <p>Most of the computers in use by the
9990 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux project</a>
9991 are virtual machines.  And they have been Xen machines running on a
9992 fairly old IBM eserver xseries 345 machine, and we wanted to migrate
9993 them to KVM on a newer Dell PowerEdge 2950 host machine.  This was a
9994 bit harder that it could have been, because we set up the Xen virtual
9995 machines to get the virtual partitions from LVM, which as far as I
9996 know is not supported by KVM.  So to migrate, we had to convert
9997 several LVM logical volumes to partitions on a virtual disk file.</p>
9998
9999 <p>I found
10000 <a href="http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com.au/articles/35011-Six-steps-for-migrating-Xen-virtual-machines-to-KVM">a
10001 nice recipe</a> to do this, and wrote the following script to do the
10002 migration.  It uses qemu-img from the qemu package to make the disk
10003 image, parted to partition it, losetup and kpartx to present the disk
10004 image partions as devices, and dd to copy the data.  I NFS mounted the
10005 new servers storage area on the old server to do the migration.</p>
10006
10007 <pre>
10008 #!/bin/sh
10009
10010 # Based on
10011 # http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com.au/articles/35011-Six-steps-for-migrating-Xen-virtual-machines-to-KVM
10012
10013 set -e
10014 set -x
10015
10016 if [ -z "$1" ] ; then
10017     echo "Usage: $0 &lt;hostname&gt;"
10018     exit 1
10019 else
10020     host="$1"
10021 fi
10022
10023 if [ ! -e /dev/vg_data/$host-disk ] ; then
10024     echo "error: unable to find LVM volume for $host"
10025     exit 1
10026 fi
10027
10028 # Partitions need to be a bit bigger than the LVM LVs.  not sure why.
10029 disksize=$( lvs --units m | grep $host-disk | awk '{sum = sum + $4} END { print int(sum * 1.05) }')
10030 swapsize=$( lvs --units m | grep $host-swap | awk '{sum = sum + $4} END { print int(sum * 1.05) }')
10031 totalsize=$(( ( $disksize + $swapsize ) ))
10032
10033 img=$host.img
10034 #dd if=/dev/zero of=$img bs=1M count=$(( $disksize + $swapsize ))
10035 qemu-img create $img ${totalsize}MMaking room on the Debian Edu/Sqeeze DVD
10036
10037 parted $img mklabel msdos
10038 parted $img mkpart primary linux-swap 0 $disksize
10039 parted $img mkpart primary ext2 $disksize $totalsize
10040 parted $img set 1 boot on
10041
10042 modprobe dm-mod
10043 losetup /dev/loop0 $img
10044 kpartx -a /dev/loop0
10045
10046 dd if=/dev/vg_data/$host-disk of=/dev/mapper/loop0p1 bs=1M
10047 fsck.ext3 -f /dev/mapper/loop0p1 || true
10048 mkswap /dev/mapper/loop0p2
10049
10050 kpartx -d /dev/loop0
10051 losetup -d /dev/loop0
10052 </pre>
10053
10054 <p>The script is perhaps so simple that it is not copyrightable, but
10055 if it is, it is licenced using GPL v2 or later at your discretion.</p>
10056
10057 <p>After doing this, I booted a Debian CD in rescue mode in KVM with
10058 the new disk image attached, installed grub-pc and linux-image-686 and
10059 set up grub to boot from the disk image.  After this, the KVM machines
10060 seem to work just fine.</p>
10061
10062       </div>
10063       <div class="tags">
10064
10065
10066         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
10067
10068
10069       </div>
10070     </div>
10071     <div class="padding"></div>
10072
10073     <div class="entry">
10074       <div class="title">
10075         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__apt_vs_aptitude_with_the_Gnome_and_KDE_desktop.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, apt vs aptitude with the Gnome and KDE desktop</a>
10076       </div>
10077       <div class="date">
10078         20th November 2010
10079       </div>
10080       <div class="body">
10081         <p>I'm still running upgrade testing of the
10082 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">Lenny
10083 Gnome and KDE Desktop</a>, but have not had time to spend on reporting the
10084 status.  Here is a short update based on a test I ran 20101118.</p>
10085
10086 <p>I still do not know what a correct migration should look like, so I
10087 report any differences between apt and aptitude and hope someone else
10088 can see if anything should be changed.</p>
10089
10090 <p>This is for Gnome:</p>
10091
10092 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
10093
10094 <blockquote><p>
10095   apache2.2-bin aptdaemon at-spi baobab binfmt-support
10096   browser-plugin-gnash cheese-common cli-common cpp-4.3 cups-pk-helper
10097   dmz-cursor-theme empathy empathy-common finger
10098   freedesktop-sound-theme freeglut3 gconf-defaults-service gdm-themes
10099   gedit-plugins geoclue geoclue-hostip geoclue-localnet geoclue-manual
10100   geoclue-yahoo gnash gnash-common gnome gnome-backgrounds
10101   gnome-cards-data gnome-codec-install gnome-core
10102   gnome-desktop-environment gnome-disk-utility gnome-screenshot
10103   gnome-search-tool gnome-session-canberra gnome-spell
10104   gnome-system-log gnome-themes-extras gnome-themes-more
10105   gnome-user-share gs-common gstreamer0.10-fluendo-mp3
10106   gstreamer0.10-tools gtk2-engines gtk2-engines-pixbuf
10107   gtk2-engines-smooth hal-info hamster-applet libapache2-mod-dnssd
10108   libapr1 libaprutil1 libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 libaprutil1-ldap
10109   libart2.0-cil libatspi1.0-0 libboost-date-time1.42.0
10110   libboost-python1.42.0 libboost-thread1.42.0 libchamplain-0.4-0
10111   libchamplain-gtk-0.4-0 libcheese-gtk18 libclutter-gtk-0.10-0
10112   libcryptui0 libcupsys2 libdiscid0 libeel2-data libelf1 libepc-1.0-2
10113   libepc-common libepc-ui-1.0-2 libfreerdp-plugins-standard
10114   libfreerdp0 libgail-common libgconf2.0-cil libgdata-common libgdata7
10115   libgdl-1-common libgdu-gtk0 libgee2 libgeoclue0 libgexiv2-0 libgif4
10116   libglade2.0-cil libglib2.0-cil libgmime2.4-cil libgnome-vfs2.0-cil
10117   libgnome2.24-cil libgnomepanel2.24-cil libgnomeprint2.2-data
10118   libgnomeprintui2.2-common libgnomevfs2-bin libgpod-common libgpod4
10119   libgtk2.0-cil libgtkglext1 libgtksourceview-common
10120   libgtksourceview2.0-common libmono-addins-gui0.2-cil
10121   libmono-addins0.2-cil libmono-cairo2.0-cil libmono-corlib2.0-cil
10122   libmono-i18n-west2.0-cil libmono-posix2.0-cil
10123   libmono-security2.0-cil libmono-sharpzip2.84-cil
10124   libmono-system2.0-cil libmtp8 libmusicbrainz3-6
10125   libndesk-dbus-glib1.0-cil libndesk-dbus1.0-cil libopal3.6.8
10126   libpolkit-gtk-1-0 libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa
10127   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libpt2.6.7 libpython2.6 librpm1 librpmio1
10128   libsdl1.2debian libservlet2.4-java libsrtp0 libssh-4
10129   libtelepathy-farsight0 libtelepathy-glib0 libtidy-0.99-0
10130   libxalan2-java libxerces2-java media-player-info mesa-utils
10131   mono-2.0-gac mono-gac mono-runtime nautilus-sendto
10132   nautilus-sendto-empathy openoffice.org-writer2latex
10133   openssl-blacklist p7zip p7zip-full pkg-config python-4suite-xml
10134   python-aptdaemon python-aptdaemon-gtk python-axiom
10135   python-beautifulsoup python-bugbuddy python-clientform
10136   python-coherence python-configobj python-crypto python-cupshelpers
10137   python-cupsutils python-eggtrayicon python-elementtree
10138   python-epsilon python-evolution python-feedparser python-gdata
10139   python-gdbm python-gst0.10 python-gtkglext1 python-gtkmozembed
10140   python-gtksourceview2 python-httplib2 python-louie python-mako
10141   python-markupsafe python-mechanize python-nevow python-notify
10142   python-opengl python-openssl python-pam python-pkg-resources
10143   python-pyasn1 python-pysqlite2 python-rdflib python-serial
10144   python-tagpy python-twisted-bin python-twisted-conch
10145   python-twisted-core python-twisted-web python-utidylib python-webkit
10146   python-xdg python-zope.interface remmina remmina-plugin-data
10147   remmina-plugin-rdp remmina-plugin-vnc rhythmbox-plugin-cdrecorder
10148   rhythmbox-plugins rpm-common rpm2cpio seahorse-plugins shotwell
10149   software-center svgalibg1 system-config-printer-udev
10150   telepathy-gabble telepathy-mission-control-5 telepathy-salut tomboy
10151   totem totem-coherence totem-mozilla totem-plugins
10152   transmission-common xdg-user-dirs xdg-user-dirs-gtk xserver-xephyr
10153   zip
10154 </p></blockquote>
10155
10156 Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude
10157
10158 <blockquote><p>
10159   arj bluez-utils cheese dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop ekiga eog
10160   epiphany-extensions epiphany-gecko evolution-exchange
10161   fast-user-switch-applet file-roller gcalctool gconf-editor gdm gedit
10162   gedit-common gnome-app-install gnome-games gnome-games-data
10163   gnome-nettool gnome-system-tools gnome-themes gnome-utils
10164   gnome-vfs-obexftp gnome-volume-manager gnuchess gucharmap
10165   guile-1.8-libs hal libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5
10166   libavahi-ui0 libbind9-50 libbluetooth2 libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7
10167   libcucul0 libcurl3 libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdmx1 libdvdread3
10168   libedata-cal1.2-6 libedataserver1.2-9 libeel2-2.20 libepc-1.0-1
10169   libepc-ui-1.0-1 libexchange-storage1.2-3 libfaad0 libgadu3
10170   libgalago3 libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libggz2 libggzcore9
10171   libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0 libgnome-desktop-2
10172   libgnome-pilot2 libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomeprint2.2-0
10173   libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtk-vnc-1.0-0
10174   libgtkhtml2-0 libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgtksourceview2.0-0
10175   libgucharmap6 libhesiod0 libicu38 libisccc50 libisccfg50 libiw29
10176   libjaxp1.3-java-gcj libkpathsea4 liblircclient0 libltdl3 liblwres50
10177   libmagick++10 libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmozjs1d libmpfr1ldbl libmtp7
10178   libmysqlclient15off libnautilus-burn4 libneon27 libnm-glib0
10179   libnm-util0 libopal-2.2 libosp5 libparted1.8-10 libpisock9
10180   libpisync1 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3 libpt-1.10.10 libraw1394-8
10181   libsdl1.2debian-alsa libsensors3 libsexy2 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8
10182   libspeexdsp1 libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libsvga1
10183   libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1 libtotem-plparser10 libtrackerclient0
10184   libvoikko1 libxalan2-java-gcj libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12
10185   libxtrap6 libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3 mysql-common rhythmbox seahorse
10186   sound-juicer swfdec-gnome system-config-printer totem-common
10187   totem-gstreamer transmission-gtk vinagre vino w3c-dtd-xhtml wodim
10188 </p></blockquote>
10189
10190 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
10191
10192 <blockquote><p>
10193   gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
10194 </p></blockquote>
10195
10196 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
10197
10198 <blockquote><p>
10199 [nothing]
10200 </p></blockquote>
10201
10202 <p>This is for KDE:</p>
10203
10204 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
10205
10206 <blockquote><p>
10207   autopoint bomber bovo cantor cantor-backend-kalgebra cpp-4.3 dcoprss
10208   edict espeak espeak-data eyesapplet fifteenapplet finger gettext
10209   ghostscript-x git gnome-audio gnugo granatier gs-common
10210   gstreamer0.10-pulseaudio indi kaddressbook-plugins kalgebra
10211   kalzium-data kanjidic kapman kate-plugins kblocks kbreakout kbstate
10212   kde-icons-mono kdeaccessibility kdeaddons-kfile-plugins
10213   kdeadmin-kfile-plugins kdeartwork-misc kdeartwork-theme-window
10214   kdeedu kdeedu-data kdeedu-kvtml-data kdegames kdegames-card-data
10215   kdegames-mahjongg-data kdegraphics-kfile-plugins kdelirc
10216   kdemultimedia-kfile-plugins kdenetwork-kfile-plugins
10217   kdepim-kfile-plugins kdepim-kio-plugins kdessh kdetoys kdewebdev
10218   kdiamond kdnssd kfilereplace kfourinline kgeography-data kigo
10219   killbots kiriki klettres-data kmoon kmrml knewsticker-scripts
10220   kollision kpf krosspython ksirk ksmserver ksquares kstars-data
10221   ksudoku kubrick kweather libasound2-plugins libboost-python1.42.0
10222   libcfitsio3 libconvert-binhex-perl libcrypt-ssleay-perl libdb4.6++
10223   libdjvulibre-text libdotconf1.0 liberror-perl libespeak1
10224   libfinance-quote-perl libgail-common libgsl0ldbl libhtml-parser-perl
10225   libhtml-tableextract-perl libhtml-tagset-perl libhtml-tree-perl
10226   libio-stringy-perl libkdeedu4 libkdegames5 libkiten4 libkpathsea5
10227   libkrossui4 libmailtools-perl libmime-tools-perl
10228   libnews-nntpclient-perl libopenbabel3 libportaudio2 libpulse-browse0
10229   libservlet2.4-java libspeechd2 libtiff-tools libtimedate-perl
10230   libunistring0 liburi-perl libwww-perl libxalan2-java libxerces2-java
10231   lirc luatex marble networkstatus noatun-plugins
10232   openoffice.org-writer2latex palapeli palapeli-data parley
10233   parley-data poster psutils pulseaudio pulseaudio-esound-compat
10234   pulseaudio-module-x11 pulseaudio-utils quanta-data rocs rsync
10235   speech-dispatcher step svgalibg1 texlive-binaries texlive-luatex
10236   ttf-sazanami-gothic
10237 </p></blockquote>
10238
10239 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
10240
10241 <blockquote><p>
10242   amor artsbuilder atlantik atlantikdesigner blinken bluez-utils cvs
10243   dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop imlib-base imlib11 kalzium kanagram kandy
10244   kasteroids katomic kbackgammon kbattleship kblackbox kbounce kbruch
10245   kcron kdat kdemultimedia-kappfinder-data kdeprint kdict kdvi kedit
10246   keduca kenolaba kfax kfaxview kfouleggs kgeography kghostview
10247   kgoldrunner khangman khexedit kiconedit kig kimagemapeditor
10248   kitchensync kiten kjumpingcube klatin klettres klickety klines
10249   klinkstatus kmag kmahjongg kmailcvt kmenuedit kmid kmilo kmines
10250   kmousetool kmouth kmplot knetwalk kodo kolf kommander konquest kooka
10251   kpager kpat kpdf kpercentage kpilot kpoker kpovmodeler krec
10252   kregexpeditor kreversi ksame ksayit kshisen ksig ksim ksirc ksirtet
10253   ksmiletris ksnake ksokoban kspaceduel kstars ksvg ksysv kteatime
10254   ktip ktnef ktouch ktron kttsd ktuberling kturtle ktux kuickshow
10255   kverbos kview kviewshell kvoctrain kwifimanager kwin kwin4 kwordquiz
10256   kworldclock kxsldbg libakode2 libarts1-akode libarts1-audiofile
10257   libarts1-mpeglib libarts1-xine libavahi-compat-libdnssd1
10258   libavahi-core5 libavc1394-0 libbind9-50 libbluetooth2
10259   libboost-python1.34.1 libcucul0 libcurl3 libcvsservice0
10260   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdjvulibre21 libdvdread3 libfaad0 libfreebob0
10261   libgd2-noxpm libgraphviz4 libgsmme1c2a libgtkhtml2-0 libicu38
10262   libiec61883-0 libindex0 libisccc50 libisccfg50 libiw29
10263   libjaxp1.3-java-gcj libk3b3 libkcal2b libkcddb1 libkdeedu3
10264   libkdegames1 libkdepim1a libkgantt0 libkleopatra1 libkmime2
10265   libkpathsea4 libkpimexchange1 libkpimidentities1 libkscan1
10266   libksieve0 libktnef1 liblockdev1 libltdl3 liblwres50 libmagick10
10267   libmimelib1c2a libmodplug0c2 libmozjs1d libmpcdec3 libmpfr1ldbl
10268   libneon27 libnm-util0 libopensync0 libpisock9 libpoppler-glib3
10269   libpoppler-qt2 libpoppler3 libraw1394-8 librss1 libsensors3
10270   libsmbios2 libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90
10271   libtalloc1 libxalan2-java-gcj libxerces2-java-gcj libxtrap6 lskat
10272   mpeglib network-manager-kde noatun pmount tex-common texlive-base
10273   texlive-common texlive-doc-base texlive-fonts-recommended tidy
10274   ttf-dustin ttf-kochi-gothic ttf-sjfonts
10275 </p></blockquote>
10276
10277 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
10278
10279 <blockquote><p>
10280   dolphin kde-core kde-plasma-desktop kde-standard kde-window-manager
10281   kdeartwork kdebase kdebase-apps kdebase-workspace
10282   kdebase-workspace-bin kdebase-workspace-data kdeutils kscreensaver
10283   kscreensaver-xsavers libgle3 libkonq5 libkonq5-templates libnetpbm10
10284   netpbm plasma-widget-folderview plasma-widget-networkmanagement
10285   xscreensaver-data-extra xscreensaver-gl xscreensaver-gl-extra
10286   xscreensaver-screensaver-bsod
10287 </p></blockquote>
10288
10289 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
10290
10291 <blockquote><p>
10292   kdebase-bin konq-plugins konqueror
10293 </p></blockquote>
10294
10295       </div>
10296       <div class="tags">
10297
10298
10299         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
10300
10301
10302       </div>
10303     </div>
10304     <div class="padding"></div>
10305
10306     <div class="entry">
10307       <div class="title">
10308         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gnash_buildbot_slave_and_Debian_kfreebsd.html">Gnash buildbot slave and Debian kfreebsd</a>
10309       </div>
10310       <div class="date">
10311         20th November 2010
10312       </div>
10313       <div class="body">
10314         <p>Answering
10315 <a href="http://www.listware.net/201011/gnash-dev/67431-gnash-dev-buildbot-looking-for-slaves.html">the
10316 call from the Gnash project</a> for
10317 <a href="http://www.gnashdev.org:8010">buildbot</a> slaves to test the
10318 current source, I have set up a virtual KVM machine on the Debian
10319 Edu/Skolelinux virtualization host to test the git source on
10320 Debian/Squeeze.  I hope this can help the developers in getting new
10321 releases out more often.</p>
10322
10323 <p>As the developers want less main-stream build platforms tested to,
10324 I have considered setting up a <a
10325 href="http://www.debian.org/ports/kfreebsd-gnu/">Debian/kfreebsd</a>
10326 machine as well.  I have also considered using the kfreebsd
10327 architecture in Debian as a file server in NUUG to get access to the 5
10328 TB zfs volume we currently use to store DV video.  Because of this, I
10329 finally got around to do a test installation of Debian/Squeeze with
10330 kfreebsd.  Installation went fairly smooth, thought I noticed some
10331 visual glitches in the cdebconf dialogs (black cursor left on the
10332 screen at random locations).  Have not gotten very far with the
10333 testing.  Noticed cfdisk did not work, but fdisk did so it was not a
10334 fatal problem.  Have to spend some more time on it to see if it is
10335 useful as a file server for NUUG.  Will try to find time to set up a
10336 gnash buildbot slave on the Debian Edu/Skolelinux this weekend.</p>
10337
10338       </div>
10339       <div class="tags">
10340
10341
10342         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10343
10344
10345       </div>
10346     </div>
10347     <div class="padding"></div>
10348
10349     <div class="entry">
10350       <div class="title">
10351         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Making_room_on_the_Debian_Edu_Sqeeze_DVD.html">Making room on the Debian Edu/Sqeeze DVD</a>
10352       </div>
10353       <div class="date">
10354          7th November 2010
10355       </div>
10356       <div class="body">
10357         <p>Prioritising packages for the Debian Edu /
10358 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> DVD, which is
10359 supposed provide a school with all the services and user applications
10360 needed on the pupils computer network has always been hard.  Even
10361 schools without Internet connections should be able to get Debian Edu
10362 working using this DVD.</p>
10363
10364 <p>The job became a lot harder when apt and aptitude started
10365 installing recommended packages by default.  We want the same set of
10366 packages to be installed when using the DVD and the netinst CD, and
10367 that means all recommended packages need to be on the DVD.  I created
10368 a patch for debian-cd in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/601203">BTS
10369 report #601203</a> to do this, and since this change was applied to
10370 the Debian Edu DVD build, we have been seriously short on space.</p>
10371
10372 <p>A few days ago we decided to drop blender, wxmaxima and kicad from
10373 the default installation to save space on the DVD, believing that
10374 those needing these applications are few and can get them from the
10375 Debian archive.</p>
10376
10377 <p>Yesterday, I had a look what source packages to see which packages
10378 were using most space.  A few large packages are well know;
10379 openoffice.org, openclipart and fluid-soundfont.  But I also
10380 discovered that lilypond used 106 MiB and fglrx-driver used 53 MiB.
10381 The lilypond package is pulled in as a dependency for rosegarden, and
10382 when looking a bit closer I discovered that 99 MiB of the 106 MiB were
10383 the documentation package, which is recommended by the binary package.
10384 I decided to drop this documentation package from our DVD, as most of
10385 our users will use the GUI front-ends and do not need the lilypond
10386 documentation.  Similarly, I dropped the non-free fglrx-driver package
10387 which might be installed by d-i when its hardware is detected, as the
10388 free X driver should work.</p>
10389
10390 <p>With this change, we finally got space for the LXDE and Gnome
10391 desktop packages as well as the language specific packages making the
10392 DVD more useful again.</p>
10393
10394       </div>
10395       <div class="tags">
10396
10397
10398         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10399
10400
10401       </div>
10402     </div>
10403     <div class="padding"></div>
10404
10405     <div class="entry">
10406       <div class="title">
10407         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Software_updates_2010_10_24.html">Software updates 2010-10-24</a>
10408       </div>
10409       <div class="date">
10410         24th October 2010
10411       </div>
10412       <div class="body">
10413         <p>Some updates.</p>
10414
10415 <p>My <a href="http://pledgebank.com/gnash-avm2">gnash pledge</a> to
10416 raise money for the project is going well.  The lower limit of 10
10417 signers was reached in 24 hours, and so far 13 people have signed it.
10418 More signers and more funding is most welcome, and I am really curious
10419 how far we can get before the time limit of December 24 is reached.
10420 :)</p>
10421
10422 <p>On the #gnash IRC channel on irc.freenode.net, I was just tipped
10423 about what appear to be a great code coverage tool capable of
10424 generating code coverage stats without any changes to the source code.
10425 It is called
10426 <a href="http://simonkagstrom.github.com/kcov/index.html">kcov</a>,
10427 and can be used using <tt>kcov &lt;directory&gt; &lt;binary&gt;</tt>.
10428 It is missing in Debian, but the git source built just fine in Squeeze
10429 after I installed libelf-dev, libdwarf-dev, pkg-config and
10430 libglib2.0-dev.  Failed to build in Lenny, but suspect that is
10431 solvable.  I hope kcov make it into Debian soon.</p>
10432
10433 <p>Finally found time to wrap up the release notes for <a
10434 href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2010/10/msg00002.html">a
10435 new alpha release of Debian Edu</a>, and just published the second
10436 alpha test release of the Squeeze based Debian Edu /
10437 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>
10438 release.  Give it a try if you need a complete linux solution for your
10439 school, including central infrastructure server, workstations, thin
10440 client servers and diskless workstations.  A nice touch added
10441 yesterday is RDP support on the thin client servers, for windows
10442 clients to get a Linux desktop on request.</p>
10443
10444       </div>
10445       <div class="tags">
10446
10447
10448         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>.
10449
10450
10451       </div>
10452     </div>
10453     <div class="padding"></div>
10454
10455     <div class="entry">
10456       <div class="title">
10457         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Some_notes_on_Flash_in_Debian_and_Debian_Edu.html">Some notes on Flash in Debian and Debian Edu</a>
10458       </div>
10459       <div class="date">
10460          4th September 2010
10461       </div>
10462       <div class="body">
10463         <p>In the <a href="http://popcon.debian.org/unknown/by_vote">Debian
10464 popularity-contest numbers</a>, the adobe-flashplugin package the
10465 second most popular used package that is missing in Debian.  The sixth
10466 most popular is flashplayer-mozilla.  This is a clear indication that
10467 working flash is important for Debian users.  Around 10 percent of the
10468 users submitting data to popcon.debian.org have this package
10469 installed.</p>
10470
10471 <p>In the report written by Lars Risan in August 2008
10472 («<a href="http://wiki.skolelinux.no/Dokumentasjon/Rapporter?action=AttachFile&do=view&target=Skolelinux_i_bruk_rapport_1.0.pdf">Skolelinux
10473 i bruk – Rapport for Hurum kommune, Universitetet i Agder og
10474 stiftelsen SLX Debian Labs</a>»), one of the most important problems
10475 schools experienced with <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian
10476 Edu/Skolelinux</a> was the lack of working Flash.  A lot of educational
10477 web sites require Flash to work, and lacking working Flash support in
10478 the web browser and the problems with installing it was perceived as a
10479 good reason to stay with Windows.</p>
10480
10481 <p>I once saw a funny and sad comment in a web forum, where Linux was
10482 said to be the retarded cousin that did not really understand
10483 everything you told him but could work fairly well.  This was a
10484 comment regarding the problems Linux have with proprietary formats and
10485 non-standard web pages, and is sad because it exposes a fairly common
10486 understanding of whose fault it is if web pages that only work in for
10487 example Internet Explorer 6 fail to work on Firefox, and funny because
10488 it explain very well how annoying it is for users when Linux
10489 distributions do not work with the documents they receive or the web
10490 pages they want to visit.</p>
10491
10492 <p>This is part of the reason why I believe it is important for Debian
10493 and Debian Edu to have a well working Flash implementation in the
10494 distribution, to get at least popular sites as Youtube and Google
10495 Video to working out of the box.  For Squeeze, Debian have the chance
10496 to include the latest version of Gnash that will make this happen, as
10497 the new release 0.8.8 was published a few weeks ago and is resting in
10498 unstable.  The new version work with more sites that version 0.8.7.
10499 The Gnash maintainers have asked for a freeze exception, but the
10500 release team have not had time to reply to it yet.  I hope they agree
10501 with me that Flash is important for the Debian desktop users, and thus
10502 accept the new package into Squeeze.</p>
10503
10504       </div>
10505       <div class="tags">
10506
10507
10508         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
10509
10510
10511       </div>
10512     </div>
10513     <div class="padding"></div>
10514
10515     <div class="entry">
10516       <div class="title">
10517         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_hard_link_handling_with_sshfs.html">Broken hard link handling with sshfs</a>
10518       </div>
10519       <div class="date">
10520         30th August 2010
10521       </div>
10522       <div class="body">
10523         <p>Just got an email from Tobias Gruetzmacher as a followup on my
10524 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_umask_handling_with_sshfs.html">previous
10525 post about sshfs</a>.  He reported another problem with sshfs.  It
10526 fail to handle hard links properly.  A simple way to spot this is to
10527 look at the . and .. entries in the directory tree.  These should have
10528 a link count >1, but on sshfs the count is 1.  I just tested to see
10529 what happen when trying to hardlink, and this fail as well:</p>
10530
10531 <pre>
10532 % ln foo bar
10533 ln: creating hard link `bar' => `foo': Function not implemented
10534 %
10535 </pre>
10536
10537 <p>I have not yet found time to implement a test for this in my file
10538 system test code, but believe having working hard links is useful to
10539 avoid surprised unix programs.  Not as useful as working file locking
10540 and symlinks, which are required to get a working desktop, but useful
10541 nevertheless. :)</p>
10542
10543 <p>The latest version of the file system test code is available via
10544 git from
10545 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a></p>
10546
10547       </div>
10548       <div class="tags">
10549
10550
10551         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10552
10553
10554       </div>
10555     </div>
10556     <div class="padding"></div>
10557
10558     <div class="entry">
10559       <div class="title">
10560         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_i_Osloskolen.html">Skolelinux i Osloskolen</a>
10561       </div>
10562       <div class="date">
10563         26th August 2010
10564       </div>
10565       <div class="body">
10566         <p>Denne høsten skal endelig alle Osloskolene få mulighet til å bruke
10567 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>.  Ny IT-løsning
10568 har vært rullet ut i noen måneder nå, og så vidt jeg fikk vite før
10569 sommeren skulle alle skoler ha nytt opplegg på plass før oppstart nå i
10570 høst.  På alle skolene skal en kunne velge ved installasjon om en skal
10571 ha Windows eller Skolelinux på maskinene, og en kan i tillegg
10572 PXE-boote maskinene over nett som tynne klienter eller diskløse
10573 arbeidsstasjoner. Jeg er spent på hvor mange skoler som velger å ta i
10574 bruk Skolelinux, og gleder meg til å se hvordan dette utvikler seg.
10575 Løsningen leveres av
10576 <a href="http://www.logica.no/">Logica</a> med
10577 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a> som
10578 underleverandør, og jeg har vært involvert i utviklingen av løsningen
10579 via Skolelinux Drift AS siden prosjektet starter.  Jeg synes det er
10580 fantastisk at Skolelinux er kommet så langt siden vi startet i 2001 at
10581 alle elevene i Osloskolene nå skal få mulighet til å bruke
10582 løsningen.  Jeg håper de vil sette pris på alle de
10583 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.no/linux-signpost/">fantastiske
10584 brukerprogrammene</a> som er tilgjengelig i Skolelinux.</p>
10585
10586       </div>
10587       <div class="tags">
10588
10589
10590         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
10591
10592
10593       </div>
10594     </div>
10595     <div class="padding"></div>
10596
10597     <div class="entry">
10598       <div class="title">
10599         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_umask_handling_with_sshfs.html">Broken umask handling with sshfs</a>
10600       </div>
10601       <div class="date">
10602         26th August 2010
10603       </div>
10604       <div class="body">
10605         <p>My file system sematics program
10606 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Testing_if_a_file_system_can_be_used_for_home_directories___.html">presented
10607 a few days ago</a> is very useful to verify that a file system can
10608 work as a unix home directory,and today I had to extend it a bit.  I'm
10609 looking into alternatives for home directory access here at the
10610 University of Oslo, and one of the options is sshfs.  My friend
10611 Finn-Arne mentioned a while back that they had used sshfs with Debian
10612 Edu, but stopped because of problems.  I asked today what the problems
10613 where, and he mentioned that sshfs failed to handle umask properly.
10614 Trying to detect the problem I wrote this addition to my fs testing
10615 script:</p>
10616
10617 <pre>
10618 mode_t touch_get_mode(const char *name, mode_t mode) {
10619   mode_t retval = 0;
10620   int fd = open(name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_LARGEFILE, mode);
10621   if (-1 != fd) {
10622     unlink(name);
10623     struct stat statbuf;
10624     if (-1 != fstat(fd, &statbuf)) {
10625       retval = statbuf.st_mode & 0x1ff;
10626     }
10627     close(fd);
10628   }
10629   return retval;
10630 }
10631
10632 /* Try to detect problem discovered using sshfs */
10633 int test_umask(void) {
10634   printf("info: testing umask effect on file creation\n");
10635
10636   mode_t orig_umask = umask(000);
10637   mode_t newmode;
10638   if (0666 != (newmode = touch_get_mode("foobar", 0666))) {
10639     printf("  error: Wrong file mode %o when creating using mode 666 and umask 000\n",
10640            newmode);
10641   }
10642   umask(007);
10643   if (0660 != (newmode = touch_get_mode("foobar", 0666))) {
10644     printf("  error: Wrong file mode %o when creating using mode 666 and umask 007\n",
10645            newmode);
10646   }
10647
10648   umask (orig_umask);
10649   return 0;
10650 }
10651
10652 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
10653   [...]
10654   test_umask();
10655   return 0;
10656 }
10657 </pre>
10658
10659 <p>Sure enough.  On NFS to a netapp, I get this result:</p>
10660
10661 <pre>
10662 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
10663 info: testing symlink creation
10664 info: testing subdirectory creation
10665 info: testing fcntl locking
10666   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
10667   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
10668   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
10669   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
10670   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
10671   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
10672 info: testing umask effect on file creation
10673 </pre>
10674
10675 <p>When mounting the same directory using sshfs, I get this
10676 result:</p>
10677
10678 <pre>
10679 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
10680 info: testing symlink creation
10681 info: testing subdirectory creation
10682 info: testing fcntl locking
10683   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
10684   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
10685   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
10686   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
10687   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
10688   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
10689 info: testing umask effect on file creation
10690   error: Wrong file mode 644 when creating using mode 666 and umask 000
10691   error: Wrong file mode 640 when creating using mode 666 and umask 007
10692 </pre>
10693
10694 <p>So, I can conclude that sshfs is better than smb to a Netapp or a
10695 Windows server, but not good enough to be used as a home
10696 directory.</p>
10697
10698 <p>Update 2010-08-26: Reported the issue in
10699 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/594498">BTS report #594498</a></p>
10700
10701 <p>Update 2010-08-27: Michael Gebetsroither report that he found the
10702 script so useful that he created a GIT repository and stored it in
10703 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a>.</p>
10704
10705       </div>
10706       <div class="tags">
10707
10708
10709         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10710
10711
10712       </div>
10713     </div>
10714     <div class="padding"></div>
10715
10716     <div class="entry">
10717       <div class="title">
10718         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/No_hardcoded_config_on_Debian_Edu_clients.html">No hardcoded config on Debian Edu clients</a>
10719       </div>
10720       <div class="date">
10721          9th August 2010
10722       </div>
10723       <div class="body">
10724         <p>As reported earlier, the last few days I have looked at how Debian
10725 Edu clients are configured, and tried to get rid of all hardcoded
10726 configuration settings on the clients.  I believe the work to be
10727 mostly done, and the clients seem to work just fine with dynamically
10728 generated configuration.</p>
10729
10730 <p>What is the point, you might ask?  The point is to allow a Debian
10731 Edu desktop to integrate into an existing network infrastructure
10732 without any manual configuration.</p>
10733
10734 <p>This is what happens when installing a Debian Edu client here at
10735 the University of Oslo using PXE.  With the PXE installation, I am
10736 asked for language (Norwegian Bokmål), locality (Norway) and keyboard
10737 layout (no-latin1), Debian Edu profile (Roaming Workstation), if I
10738 accept to reformat the hard drive (yes), if I want to submit info to
10739 popcon.debian.org (no) and root password (secret).  After answering
10740 these questions, the installer goes ahead and does its thing, and
10741 after around 50 minutes it is done.  I press enter to finish the
10742 installation, and the machine reboots into KDE.  When the machine is
10743 ready and kdm asks for login information, I enter my university
10744 username and password, am told by kdm that a local home directory has
10745 been created and that I must log in again, and finally log in with the
10746 same username and password to the KDE 4.4 desktop.  At no point during
10747 this process did it ask for university specific settings, and all the
10748 required configuration was dynamically detected using information
10749 fetched via DHCP and DNS.  The roaming workstation is now ready for
10750 use.</p>
10751
10752 <p>How was this done, you might wonder?  First of all, here is the
10753 list of things that need to be configured on the client to get it
10754 working properly out of the box:</p>
10755
10756 <ul>
10757 <li>IP address/netmask and DNS server.</li>
10758 <li>Web proxy URL.</li>
10759 <li>LDAP server for NSS directory information (user, group, etc).</li>
10760 <li>Kerberos server for PAM password checking.</li>
10761 <li>SMB mount point to access the network home directory. (*)</li>
10762 <li>Central syslog server to send syslog messages to. (*)</li>
10763 <li>Sitesummary collector URL to submit info to central server. (*)</li>
10764 </ul>
10765
10766 <p>(Hm, did I forget anything?  Let me knew if I did.)</p>
10767
10768 <p>The points marked (*) are not required to be able to use the
10769 machine, but needed to provide central storage and allowing system
10770 administrators to track their machines.  Since yesterday, everything
10771 but the sitesummary collector URL is dynamically discovered at boot
10772 and installation time in the svn version of Debian Edu.</p>
10773
10774 <p>The IP and DNS setup is fetched during boot using DHCP as usual.
10775 When a DHCP update arrives, the proxy setup is updated by looking for
10776 http://wpat/wpad.dat and using the content of this WPAD file to
10777 configure the http and ftp proxy in /etc/environment and
10778 /etc/apt/apt.conf.  I decided to update the proxy setup using a DHCP
10779 hook to ensure that the client stops using the Debian Edu proxy when
10780 it is moved outside the Debian Edu network, and instead uses any local
10781 proxy present on the new network when it moves around.</p>
10782
10783 <p>The DNS names of the LDAP, Kerberos and syslog server and related
10784 configuration are generated using DNS information at boot.  First the
10785 installer looks for a host named ldap in the current DNS domain.  If
10786 not found, it looks for _ldap._tcp SRV records in DNS instead.  If an
10787 LDAP server is found, its root DSE entry is requested and the
10788 attributes namingContexts and defaultNamingContext are used to
10789 determine which LDAP base to use for NSS.  If there are several
10790 namingContexts attibutes and the defaultNamingContext is present, that
10791 LDAP subtree is used as the base.  If defaultNamingContext is missing,
10792 the subtrees listed as namingContexts are searched in sequence for any
10793 object with class posixAccount or posixGroup, and the first one with
10794 such an object is used as the LDAP base.  For Kerberos, a similar
10795 search is done by first looking for a host named kerberos, and then
10796 for the _kerberos._tcp SRV record.  I've been unable to find a way to
10797 look up the Kerberos realm, so for this the upper case string of the
10798 current DNS domain is used.</p>
10799
10800 <p>For the syslog server, the hosts syslog and loghost are searched
10801 for, and the _syslog._udp SRV record is consulted if no such host is
10802 found.  This algorithm works for both Debian Edu and the University of
10803 Oslo.  A similar strategy would work for locating the sitesummary
10804 server, but have not been implemented yet.  I decided to fetch and
10805 save these settings during installation, to make sure moving to a
10806 different network does not change the set of users being allowed to
10807 log in nor the passwords required to log in.  Usernames and passwords
10808 will be cached by sssd when the user logs in on the Debian Edu
10809 network, and will not change as the laptop move around.  For a
10810 non-roaming machine, there is no caching, but given that it is
10811 supposed to stay in place it should not matter much.  Perhaps we
10812 should switch those to use sssd too?</p>
10813
10814 <p>The user's SMB mount point for the network home directory is
10815 located when the user logs in for the first time.  The LDAP server is
10816 consulted to look for the user's LDAP object and the sambaHomePath
10817 attribute is used if found.  If it isn't found, the home directory
10818 path fetched from NSS is used instead.  Assuming the path is of the
10819 form /site/server/directory/username, the second part is looked up in
10820 DNS and used to generate a SMB URL of the form
10821 smb://server.domain/username.  This algorithm works for both Debian
10822 edu and the University of Oslo.  Perhaps there are better attributes
10823 to use or a better algorithm that works for more sites, but this will
10824 do for now. :)</p>
10825
10826 <p>This work should make it easier to integrate the Debian Edu clients
10827 into any LDAP/Kerberos infrastructure, and make the current setup even
10828 more flexible than before.  I suspect it will also work for thin
10829 client servers, allowing one to easily set up LTSP and hook it into a
10830 existing network infrastructure, but I have not had time to test this
10831 yet.</p>
10832
10833 <p>If you want to help out with implementing these things for Debian
10834 Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
10835
10836 <p>Update 2010-08-09: Simon Farnsworth gave me a heads-up on how to
10837 detect Kerberos realm from DNS, by looking for _kerberos TXT entries
10838 before falling back to the upper case DNS domain name.  Will have to
10839 implement it for Debian Edu. :)</p>
10840
10841       </div>
10842       <div class="tags">
10843
10844
10845         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10846
10847
10848       </div>
10849     </div>
10850     <div class="padding"></div>
10851
10852     <div class="entry">
10853       <div class="title">
10854         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Testing_if_a_file_system_can_be_used_for_home_directories___.html">Testing if a file system can be used for home directories...</a>
10855       </div>
10856       <div class="date">
10857          8th August 2010
10858       </div>
10859       <div class="body">
10860         <p>A few years ago, I was involved in a project planning to use
10861 Windows file servers as home directory servers for Debian
10862 Edu/Skolelinux machines.  This was thought to be no problem, as the
10863 access would be through the SMB network file system protocol, and we
10864 knew other sites used SMB with unix and samba as the file server to
10865 mount home directories without any problems.  But, after months of
10866 struggling, we had to conclude that our goal was impossible.</p>
10867
10868 <p>The reason is simply that while SMB can be used for home
10869 directories when the file server is Samba running on Unix, this only
10870 work because of Samba have some extensions and the fact that the
10871 underlying file system is a unix file system.  When using a Windows
10872 file server, the underlying file system do not have POSIX semantics,
10873 and several programs will fail if the users home directory where they
10874 want to store their configuration lack POSIX semantics.</p>
10875
10876 <p>As part of this work, I wrote a small C program I want to share
10877 with you all, to replicate a few of the problematic applications (like
10878 OpenOffice.org and GCompris) and see if the file system was working as
10879 it should.  If you find yourself in spooky file system land, it might
10880 help you find your way out again.  This is the fs-test.c source:</p>
10881
10882 <pre>
10883 /*
10884  * Some tests to check the file system sematics.  Used to verify that
10885  * CIFS from a windows server do not work properly as a linux home
10886  * directory.
10887  * License: GPL v2 or later
10888  *
10889  * needs libsqlite3-dev and build-essential installed
10890  * compile with: gcc -Wall -lsqlite3 -DTEST_SQLITE fs-test.c -o fs-test
10891 */
10892
10893 #define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS 64
10894 #define _LARGEFILE_SOURCE 1
10895 #define _LARGEFILE64_SOURCE 1
10896
10897 #define _GNU_SOURCE /* for asprintf() */
10898
10899 #include &lt;errno.h>
10900 #include &lt;fcntl.h>
10901 #include &lt;stdio.h>
10902 #include &lt;string.h>
10903 #include &lt;stdlib.h>
10904 #include &lt;sys/file.h>
10905 #include &lt;sys/stat.h>
10906 #include &lt;sys/types.h>
10907 #include &lt;unistd.h>
10908
10909 #ifdef TEST_SQLITE
10910 /*
10911  * Test sqlite open, as done by gcompris require the libsqlite3-dev
10912  * package and linking with -lsqlite3.  A more low level test is
10913  * below.
10914  * See also &lt;URL: http://www.sqlite.org./faq.html#q5 >.
10915  */
10916 #include &lt;sqlite3.h>
10917 #define CREATE_TABLE_USERS                                              \
10918   "CREATE TABLE users (user_id INT UNIQUE, login TEXT, lastname TEXT, firstname TEXT, birthdate TEXT, class_id INT ); "
10919 int test_sqlite_open(void) {
10920   char *zErrMsg;
10921   char *name = "testsqlite.db";
10922   sqlite3 *db=NULL;
10923   unlink(name);
10924   int rc = sqlite3_open(name, &db);
10925   if( rc ){
10926     printf("error: sqlite open of %s failed: %s\n", name, sqlite3_errmsg(db));
10927     sqlite3_close(db);
10928     return -1;
10929   }
10930
10931   /* create tables */
10932   rc = sqlite3_exec(db,CREATE_TABLE_USERS, NULL,  0, &zErrMsg);
10933   if( rc != SQLITE_OK ){
10934     printf("error: sqlite table create failed: %s\n", zErrMsg);
10935     sqlite3_close(db);
10936     return -1;
10937   }
10938   printf("info: sqlite worked\n");
10939   sqlite3_close(db);
10940   return 0;
10941 }
10942 #endif /* TEST_SQLITE */
10943
10944 /*
10945  * Demonstrate locking issue found in gcompris using sqlite3.  This
10946  * work with ext3, but not with cifs server on Windows 2003.  This is
10947  * done in the sqlite3 library.
10948  * See also
10949  * &lt;URL:http://www.cygwin.com/ml/cygwin/2001-08/msg00854.html> and the
10950  * POSIX specification
10951  * &lt;URL:http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/fcntl.html>.
10952  */
10953 int test_gcompris_locking(void) {
10954   struct flock fl;
10955   char *name = "testsqlite.db";
10956   unlink(name);
10957   int fd = open(name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_LARGEFILE, 0644);
10958   printf("info: testing fcntl locking\n");
10959
10960   fl.l_whence = SEEK_SET;
10961   fl.l_pid    = getpid();
10962   printf("  Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824");
10963   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
10964   fl.l_len    = 1;
10965   fl.l_type   = F_RDLCK;
10966   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
10967
10968   printf("  Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826");
10969   fl.l_start  = 1073741826;
10970   fl.l_len    = 510;
10971   fl.l_type   = F_RDLCK;
10972   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
10973
10974   printf("  Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824");
10975   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
10976   fl.l_len    = 1;
10977   fl.l_type   = F_UNLCK;
10978   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
10979
10980   printf("  Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824");
10981   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
10982   fl.l_len    = 1;
10983   fl.l_type   = F_WRLCK;
10984   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
10985
10986   printf("  Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826");
10987   fl.l_start  = 1073741826;
10988   fl.l_len    = 510;
10989   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
10990
10991   printf("  Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824");
10992   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
10993   fl.l_len    = 2;
10994   fl.l_type   = F_UNLCK;
10995   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
10996
10997   close(fd);
10998   return 0;
10999 }
11000
11001 /*
11002  * Test if permissions of freshly created directories allow entries
11003  * below them.  This was a problem with OpenOffice.org and gcompris.
11004  * Mounting with option 'sync' seem to solve this problem while
11005  * slowing down file operations.
11006  */
11007 int test_subdirectory_creation(void) {
11008 #define LEVELS 5
11009   char *path = strdup("test");
11010   char *dirs[LEVELS];
11011   int level;
11012   printf("info: testing subdirectory creation\n");
11013   for (level = 0; level &lt; LEVELS; level++) {
11014     char *newpath = NULL;
11015     if (-1 == mkdir(path, 0777)) {
11016       printf("  error: Unable to create directory '%s': %s\n",
11017              path, strerror(errno));
11018       break;
11019     }
11020     asprintf(&newpath, "%s/%s", path, "test");
11021     free(path);
11022     path = newpath;
11023   }
11024   return 0;
11025 }
11026
11027 /*
11028  * Test if symlinks can be created.  This was a problem detected with
11029  * KDE.
11030  */
11031 int test_symlinks(void) {
11032   printf("info: testing symlink creation\n");
11033   unlink("symlink");
11034   if (-1 == symlink("file", "symlink"))
11035     printf("  error: Unable to create symlink\n");
11036   return 0;
11037 }
11038
11039 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
11040   printf("Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system\n");
11041   test_symlinks();
11042   test_subdirectory_creation();
11043 #ifdef TEST_SQLITE
11044   test_sqlite_open();
11045 #endif /* TEST_SQLITE */
11046   test_gcompris_locking();
11047   return 0;
11048 }
11049 </pre>
11050
11051 <p>When everything is working, it should print something like
11052 this:</p>
11053
11054 <pre>
11055 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
11056 info: testing symlink creation
11057 info: testing subdirectory creation
11058 info: sqlite worked
11059 info: testing fcntl locking
11060   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
11061   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
11062   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
11063   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
11064   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
11065   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
11066 </pre>
11067
11068 <p>I do not remember the exact details of the problems we saw, but one
11069 of them was with locking, where if I remember correctly, POSIX allow a
11070 read-only lock to be upgraded to a read-write lock without unlocking
11071 the read-only lock (while Windows do not).  Another was a bug in the
11072 CIFS/SMB client implementation in the Linux kernel where directory
11073 meta information would be wrong for a fraction of a second, making
11074 OpenOffice.org fail to create its deep directory tree because it was
11075 not allowed to create files in its freshly created directory.</p>
11076
11077 <p>Anyway, here is a nice tool for your tool box, might you never need
11078 it. :)</p>
11079
11080 <p>Update 2010-08-27: Michael Gebetsroither report that he found the
11081 script so useful that he created a GIT repository and stored it in
11082 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a>.</p>
11083
11084       </div>
11085       <div class="tags">
11086
11087
11088         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11089
11090
11091       </div>
11092     </div>
11093     <div class="padding"></div>
11094
11095     <div class="entry">
11096       <div class="title">
11097         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Autodetecting_Client_setup_for_roaming_workstations_in_Debian_Edu.html">Autodetecting Client setup for roaming workstations in Debian Edu</a>
11098       </div>
11099       <div class="date">
11100          7th August 2010
11101       </div>
11102       <div class="body">
11103         <p>A few days ago, I
11104 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_roaming_workstation___at_the_university_of_Oslo.html">tried
11105 to install</a> a Roaming workation profile from Debian Edu/Squeeze
11106 while on the university network here at the University of Oslo, and
11107 noticed how much had to change to get it operational using the
11108 university infrastructure.  It was fairly easy, but it occured to me
11109 that Debian Edu would improve a lot if I could get the client to
11110 connect without any changes at all, and thus let the client configure
11111 itself during installation and first boot to use the infrastructure
11112 around it.  Now I am a huge step further along that road.</p>
11113
11114 <p>With our current squeeze-test packages, I can select the roaming
11115 workstation profile and get a working laptop connecting to the
11116 university LDAP server for user and group and our active directory
11117 servers for Kerberos authentication.  All this without any
11118 configuration at all during installation.  My users home directory got
11119 a bookmark in the KDE menu to mount it via SMB, with the correct URL.
11120 In short, openldap and sssd is correctly configured.  In addition to
11121 this, the client look for http://wpad/wpad.dat to configure a web
11122 proxy, and when it fail to find it no proxy settings are stored in
11123 /etc/environment and /etc/apt/apt.conf.  Iceweasel and KDE is
11124 configured to look for the same wpad configuration and also do not use
11125 a proxy when at the university network.  If the machine is moved to a
11126 network with such wpad setup, it would automatically use it when DHCP
11127 gave it a IP address.</p>
11128
11129 <p>The LDAP server is located using DNS, by first looking for the DNS
11130 entry ldap.$domain.  If this do not exist, it look for the
11131 _ldap._tcp.$domain SRV records and use the first one as the LDAP
11132 server.  Next, it connects to the LDAP server and search all
11133 namingContexts entries for posixAccount or posixGroup objects, and
11134 pick the first one as the LDAP base.  For Kerberos, a similar
11135 algorithm is used to locate the LDAP server, and the realm is the
11136 uppercase version of $domain.</p>
11137
11138 <p>So, what is not working, you might ask.  SMB mounting my home
11139 directory do not work.  No idea why, but suspected the incorrect
11140 Kerberos settings in /etc/krb5.conf and /etc/samba/smb.conf might be
11141 the cause.  These are not properly configured during installation, and
11142 had to be hand-edited to get the correct Kerberos realm and server,
11143 but SMB mounting still do not work. :(</p>
11144
11145 <p>With this automatic configuration in place, I expect a Debian Edu
11146 roaming profile installation would be able to automatically detect and
11147 connect to any site using LDAP and Kerberos for NSS directory and PAM
11148 authentication.  It should also work out of the box in a Active
11149 Directory environment providing posixAccount and posixGroup objects
11150 with UID and GID values.</p>
11151
11152 <p>If you want to help out with implementing these things for Debian
11153 Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11154
11155       </div>
11156       <div class="tags">
11157
11158
11159         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11160
11161
11162       </div>
11163     </div>
11164     <div class="padding"></div>
11165
11166     <div class="entry">
11167       <div class="title">
11168         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_roaming_workstation___at_the_university_of_Oslo.html">Debian Edu roaming workstation - at the university of Oslo</a>
11169       </div>
11170       <div class="date">
11171          3rd August 2010
11172       </div>
11173       <div class="body">
11174         <p>The new roaming workstation profile in Debian Edu/Squeeze is fairly
11175 similar to the laptop setup am I working on using Ubuntu for the
11176 University of Oslo, and just for the heck of it, I tested today how
11177 hard it would be to integrate that profile into the university
11178 infrastructure.  In this case, it is the university LDAP server,
11179 Active Directory Kerberos server and SMB mounting from the Netapp file
11180 servers.</p>
11181
11182 <p>I was pleasantly surprised that the only three files needed to be
11183 changed (/etc/sssd/sssd.conf, /etc/ldap.conf and
11184 /etc/mklocaluser.d/20-debian-edu-config) and one file had to be added
11185 (/usr/share/perl5/Debian/Edu_Local.pm), to get the client working.
11186 Most of the changes were to get the client to use the university LDAP
11187 for NSS and Kerberos server for PAM, but one was to change a hard
11188 coded DNS domain name in the mklocaluser hook from .intern to
11189 .uio.no.</p>
11190
11191 <p>This testing was so encouraging, that I went ahead and adjusted the
11192 Debian Edu scripts and setup in subversion to centralise the roaming
11193 workstation setup a bit more and avoid the hardcoded DNS domain name,
11194 so that when I test this tomorrow, I expect to get away with modifying
11195 only /etc/sssd/sssd.conf and /etc/ldap.conf to get it to use the
11196 university servers.</p>
11197
11198 <p>My goal is to get the clients to have no hardcoded settings and
11199 fetch all their initial setup during installation and first boot, to
11200 allow them to be inserted also into environments where the default
11201 setup in Debian Edu has been changed or as with the university, where
11202 the environment is different but provides the protocols Debian Edu
11203 uses.</p>
11204
11205       </div>
11206       <div class="tags">
11207
11208
11209         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11210
11211
11212       </div>
11213     </div>
11214     <div class="padding"></div>
11215
11216     <div class="entry">
11217       <div class="title">
11218         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Debian_Edu_test_release__alpha0__based_on_Squeeze_is_released.html">First Debian Edu test release (alpha0) based on Squeeze is released</a>
11219       </div>
11220       <div class="date">
11221         27th July 2010
11222       </div>
11223       <div class="body">
11224         <p>I just posted this announcement culminating several months of work
11225 with the next Debian Edu release.  Not nearly done, but one major step
11226 completed.</p>
11227
11228 <blockquote>
11229 <p>This is the first test release based on Squeeze. The focus of this
11230 release is to test the user application selection. To have a look,
11231 install the standalone profile and let the developers know if the set
11232 of installed packages i.e. applications should be modified. If some
11233 user application is missing, or if there are some applications that no
11234 longer make sense to be included in Debian Edu, please let us know.
11235 Also, if a useful application is missing the translation for your
11236 language of choice, please let us know too.</p>
11237
11238 <p>In addition, feedback and help to polish the desktop (menus,
11239 artwork, starters, etc.) is appreciated. We would like to ship a nice
11240 and handy KDE4 desktop targeted for schools out of the box.</p>
11241
11242 <p>The other profiles should be installable, but there is a lot more
11243 work left to be done before they are ready, so do not expect to
11244 much.</p>
11245
11246 <p>Changes compared to the lenny based version</p>
11247
11248 <ul>
11249 <li>Everything from Debian Squeeze
11250 <ul>
11251   <li>Desktop environment KDE 4.4 => the new KDE desktop in
11252          combination with some new artwork
11253   <li>Web browser Iceweasel 3.5
11254   <li>OpenOffice.org 3.2
11255   <li>Educational toolbox GCompris 9.3
11256   <li>Music creator Rosegarden 10.04.2
11257   <li>Image editor Gimp 2.6.10
11258   <li>Virtual universe Celestia 1.6.0
11259   <li>Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.10.4
11260   <li>3D modeler Blender 2.49.2 (new application)
11261   <li>Video editor Kdenlive 0.7.7 (new application)
11262 </ul></li>
11263 <li>Now using Kerberos for password checking (migration not finished).
11264     Enabled for:
11265 <ul>
11266   <li>PAM
11267   <li>LDAP
11268   <li>IMAP
11269   <li>SMTP (sender verification)
11270 </ul>
11271 </li>
11272 <li>New experimental roaming workstation profile for laptops.</li>
11273 <li>Show welcome page to users when they first log in. The URL is
11274     fetched from LDAP.</li>
11275 <li>New LXDE desktop option, in addition to KDE (default) and Gnome.</li>
11276 <li>General cleanup (not finished)</li>
11277 </ul>
11278 <p>The following features are not working as they should</p>
11279
11280 <ul>
11281 <li>No web based administration tool for creating users and groups. The
11282     scripts ldap-createuser-krb and ldap-add-user-to-group can be used
11283     for testing.</li>
11284 <li>DVD installs are missing debian-installer images for the PXE boot,
11285     and do not set up the PXE menu on eth0 because of this. LTSP
11286     clients should still boot from eth1 on thin client servers.</li>
11287 <li>The restructured KDE menu is not implemented.</li>
11288 <li>The LDAP server setup need to be reviewed for security.</li>
11289 <li>The LDAP directory structure need to be reworked.</li>
11290 <li>Different sets of packages are installed when using the DVD and the
11291     netinst CD. More packages are installed using the netinst CD.</li>
11292 <li>The jackd package fail to install. This is believed to be caused by
11293     some ongoing transition, and hopefully should be solved soon. The
11294     jackd1 package can be installed manually for those that need it.</li>
11295 <li>Some packages lack translations. See
11296     http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Squeeze for updated status,
11297     and help out with translations.</li>
11298 </ul>
11299
11300 <p>To download this multiarch netinstall release you can use</p>
11301
11302 <ul>
11303 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</a></li>
11304 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</a></li>
11305 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
11306 </ul>
11307 <p>To download this multiarch dvd release you can use</p>
11308
11309 <ul>
11310 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</a></li>
11311 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</a></li>
11312 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
11313 </ul>
11314
11315 <p>There is no source DVD available yet. It will be prepared when we
11316 get closer to the final release.</p>
11317
11318 <p>The MD5SUM of these images are</p>
11319
11320 <ul>
11321 <li>3dbf45d59f42a53518b6e3c9ec3b5eb6 debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
11322 <li>22f2cbfce281d1c6e478be452638675d debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
11323 </ul>
11324
11325 <p>The SHA1SUM of these images are</p>
11326 <ul>
11327 <li>c53d1b69b40cf37cd27aefaf33f6f6a3821bedf0 debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
11328 <li>2ec29d7db676d59d32197b05c277ffe16348376c debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
11329 </ul>
11330 <p>How to report bugs:
11331 http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugsInBugzilla</p>
11332
11333 <p>Please direct replies to debian-edu@lists.debian.org</p>
11334 </blockquote>
11335
11336       </div>
11337       <div class="tags">
11338
11339
11340         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11341
11342
11343       </div>
11344     </div>
11345     <div class="padding"></div>
11346
11347     <div class="entry">
11348       <div class="title">
11349         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/One_step_closer_to_single_signon_in_Debian_Edu.html">One step closer to single signon in Debian Edu</a>
11350       </div>
11351       <div class="date">
11352         25th July 2010
11353       </div>
11354       <div class="body">
11355         <p>The last few months me and the other Debian Edu developers have
11356 been working hard to get the Debian/Squeeze based version of Debian
11357 Edu/Skolelinux into shape.  This future version will use Kerberos for
11358 authentication, and services are slowly migrated to single signon,
11359 getting rid of password questions one at the time.</p>
11360
11361 <p>It will also feature a roaming workstation profile with local home
11362 directory, for laptops that are only some times on the Skolelinux
11363 network, and for this profile a shortcut is created in Gnome and KDE
11364 to gain access to the users home directory on the file server.  This
11365 shortcut uses SMB at the moment, and yesterday I had time to test if
11366 SMB mounting had started working in KDE after we added the cifs-utils
11367 package.  I was pleasantly surprised how well it worked.</p>
11368
11369 <p>Thanks to the recent changes to our samba configuration to get it
11370 to use Kerberos for authentication, there were no question about user
11371 password when mounting the SMB volume.  A simple click on the shortcut
11372 in the KDE menu, and a window with the home directory popped
11373 up. :)</p>
11374
11375 <p>One step closer to a single signon solution out of the box in
11376 Debian Edu.  We already had PAM, LDAP, IMAP and SMTP in place, and now
11377 also Samba.  Next step is Cups and hopefully also NFS.</p>
11378
11379 <p>We had planned a alpha0 release of Debian Edu for today, but thanks
11380 to the autobuilder administrators for some architectures being slow to
11381 sign packages, we are still missing the fixed LTSP package we need for
11382 the release.  It was uploaded three days ago with urgency=high, and if
11383 it had entered testing yesterday we would have been able to test it in
11384 time for a alpha0 release today.  As the binaries for ia64 and powerpc
11385 still not uploaded to the Debian archive, we need to delay the alpha
11386 release another day.</p>
11387
11388 <p>If you want to help out with implementing Kerberos for Debian Edu,
11389 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11390
11391       </div>
11392       <div class="tags">
11393
11394
11395         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet</a>.
11396
11397
11398       </div>
11399     </div>
11400     <div class="padding"></div>
11401
11402     <div class="entry">
11403       <div class="title">
11404         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/What_are_they_searching_for___PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_in_LDAP.html">What are they searching for - PowerDNS and ISC DHCP in LDAP</a>
11405       </div>
11406       <div class="date">
11407         17th July 2010
11408       </div>
11409       <div class="body">
11410         <p>This is a
11411 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">followup</a>
11412 on my
11413 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_a_change_to_LDAP_schemas_allowing_DNS_and_DHCP_info_to_be_combined_into_one_object.html">previous
11414 work</a> on
11415 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Combining_PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_LDAP_objects.html">merging
11416 all</a> the computer related LDAP objects in Debian Edu.</p>
11417
11418 <p>As a step to try to see if it possible to merge the DNS and DHCP
11419 LDAP objects, I have had a look at how the packages pdns-backend-ldap
11420 and dhcp3-server-ldap in Debian use the LDAP server.  The two
11421 implementations are quite different in how they use LDAP.</p>
11422
11423 To get this information, I started slapd with debugging enabled and
11424 dumped the debug output to a file to get the LDAP searches performed
11425 on a Debian Edu main-server.  Here is a summary.
11426
11427 <p><strong>powerdns</strong></p>
11428
11429 <a href="http://www.linuxnetworks.de/doc/index.php/PowerDNS_LDAP_Backend">Clues
11430 on how to</a> set up PowerDNS to use a LDAP backend is available on
11431 the web.
11432
11433 <p>PowerDNS have two modes of operation using LDAP as its backend.
11434 One "strict" mode where the forward and reverse DNS lookups are done
11435 using the same LDAP objects, and a "tree" mode where the forward and
11436 reverse entries are in two different subtrees in LDAP with a structure
11437 based on the DNS names, as in tjener.intern and
11438 2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa.</p>
11439
11440 <p>In tree mode, the server is set up to use a LDAP subtree as its
11441 base, and uses a "base" scoped search for the DNS name by adding
11442 "dc=tjener,dc=intern," to the base with a filter for
11443 "(associateddomain=tjener.intern)" for the forward entry and
11444 "dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa," with a filter for
11445 "(associateddomain=2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa)" for the reverse entry.  For
11446 forward entries, it is looking for attributes named dnsttl, arecord,
11447 nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord, ptrrecord, hinforecord, mxrecord,
11448 txtrecord, rprecord, afsdbrecord, keyrecord, aaaarecord, locrecord,
11449 srvrecord, naptrrecord, kxrecord, certrecord, dsrecord, sshfprecord,
11450 ipseckeyrecord, rrsigrecord, nsecrecord, dnskeyrecord, dhcidrecord,
11451 spfrecord and modifytimestamp.  For reverse entries it is looking for
11452 the attributes dnsttl, arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord,
11453 ptrrecord, hinforecord, mxrecord, txtrecord, rprecord, aaaarecord,
11454 locrecord, srvrecord, naptrrecord and modifytimestamp.  The equivalent
11455 ldapsearch commands could look like this:</p>
11456
11457 <blockquote><pre>
11458 ldapsearch -h ldap \
11459   -b dc=tjener,dc=intern,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no \
11460   -s base -x '(associateddomain=tjener.intern)' dNSTTL aRecord nSRecord \
11461   cNAMERecord sOARecord pTRRecord hInfoRecord mXRecord tXTRecord \
11462   rPRecord aFSDBRecord KeyRecord aAAARecord lOCRecord sRVRecord \
11463   nAPTRRecord kXRecord certRecord dSRecord sSHFPRecord iPSecKeyRecord \
11464   rRSIGRecord nSECRecord dNSKeyRecord dHCIDRecord sPFRecord modifyTimestamp
11465
11466 ldapsearch -h ldap \
11467   -b dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no \
11468   -s base -x '(associateddomain=2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa)'
11469   dnsttl, arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord soarecord ptrrecord \
11470   hinforecord mxrecord txtrecord rprecord aaaarecord locrecord \
11471   srvrecord naptrrecord modifytimestamp
11472 </pre></blockquote>
11473
11474 <p>In Debian Edu/Lenny, the PowerDNS tree mode is used with
11475 ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no as the base, and these are two
11476 example LDAP objects used there.  In addition to these objects, the
11477 parent objects all th way up to ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11478 also exist.</p>
11479
11480 <blockquote><pre>
11481 dn: dc=tjener,dc=intern,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11482 objectclass: top
11483 objectclass: dnsdomain
11484 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
11485 dc: tjener
11486 arecord: 10.0.2.2
11487 associateddomain: tjener.intern
11488
11489 dn: dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11490 objectclass: top
11491 objectclass: dnsdomain2
11492 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
11493 dc: 2
11494 ptrrecord: tjener.intern
11495 associateddomain: 2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa
11496 </pre></blockquote>
11497
11498 <p>In strict mode, the server behaves differently.  When looking for
11499 forward DNS entries, it is doing a "subtree" scoped search with the
11500 same base as in the tree mode for a object with filter
11501 "(associateddomain=tjener.intern)" and requests the attributes dnsttl,
11502 arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord, ptrrecord, hinforecord,
11503 mxrecord, txtrecord, rprecord, aaaarecord, locrecord, srvrecord,
11504 naptrrecord and modifytimestamp.  For reverse entires it also do a
11505 subtree scoped search but this time the filter is "(arecord=10.0.2.2)"
11506 and the requested attributes are associateddomain, dnsttl and
11507 modifytimestamp.  In short, in strict mode the objects with ptrrecord
11508 go away, and the arecord attribute in the forward object is used
11509 instead.</p>
11510
11511 <p>The forward and reverse searches can be simulated using ldapsearch
11512 like this:</p>
11513
11514 <blockquote><pre>
11515 ldapsearch -h ldap -b ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no -s sub -x \
11516   '(associateddomain=tjener.intern)' dNSTTL aRecord nSRecord \
11517   cNAMERecord sOARecord pTRRecord hInfoRecord mXRecord tXTRecord \
11518   rPRecord aFSDBRecord KeyRecord aAAARecord lOCRecord sRVRecord \
11519   nAPTRRecord kXRecord certRecord dSRecord sSHFPRecord iPSecKeyRecord \
11520   rRSIGRecord nSECRecord dNSKeyRecord dHCIDRecord sPFRecord modifyTimestamp
11521
11522 ldapsearch -h ldap -b ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no -s sub -x \
11523   '(arecord=10.0.2.2)' associateddomain dnsttl modifytimestamp
11524 </pre></blockquote>
11525
11526 <p>In addition to the forward and reverse searches , there is also a
11527 search for SOA records, which behave similar to the forward and
11528 reverse lookups.</p>
11529
11530 <p>A thing to note with the PowerDNS behaviour is that it do not
11531 specify any objectclass names, and instead look for the attributes it
11532 need to generate a DNS reply.  This make it able to work with any
11533 objectclass that provide the needed attributes.</p>
11534
11535 <p>The attributes are normally provided in the cosine (RFC 1274) and
11536 dnsdomain2 schemas.  The latter is used for reverse entries like
11537 ptrrecord and recent DNS additions like aaaarecord and srvrecord.</p>
11538
11539 <p>In Debian Edu, we have created DNS objects using the object classes
11540 dcobject (for dc), dnsdomain or dnsdomain2 (structural, for the DNS
11541 attributes) and domainrelatedobject (for associatedDomain).  The use
11542 of structural object classes make it impossible to combine these
11543 classes with the object classes used by DHCP.</p>
11544
11545 <p>There are other schemas that could be used too, for example the
11546 dnszone structural object class used by Gosa and bind-sdb for the DNS
11547 attributes combined with the domainrelatedobject object class, but in
11548 this case some unused attributes would have to be included as well
11549 (zonename and relativedomainname).</p>
11550
11551 <p>My proposal for Debian Edu would be to switch PowerDNS to strict
11552 mode and not use any of the existing objectclasses (dnsdomain,
11553 dnsdomain2 and dnszone) when one want to combine the DNS information
11554 with DHCP information, and instead create a auxiliary object class
11555 defined something like this (using the attributes defined for
11556 dnsdomain and dnsdomain2 or dnszone):</p>
11557
11558 <blockquote><pre>
11559 objectclass ( some-oid NAME 'dnsDomainAux'
11560     SUP top
11561     AUXILIARY
11562     MAY ( ARecord $ MDRecord $ MXRecord $ NSRecord $ SOARecord $ CNAMERecord $
11563           DNSTTL $ DNSClass $ PTRRecord $ HINFORecord $ MINFORecord $
11564           TXTRecord $ SIGRecord $ KEYRecord $ AAAARecord $ LOCRecord $
11565           NXTRecord $ SRVRecord $ NAPTRRecord $ KXRecord $ CERTRecord $
11566           A6Record $ DNAMERecord
11567     ))
11568 </pre></blockquote>
11569
11570 <p>This will allow any object to become a DNS entry when combined with
11571 the domainrelatedobject object class, and allow any entity to include
11572 all the attributes PowerDNS wants.  I've sent an email to the PowerDNS
11573 developers asking for their view on this schema and if they are
11574 interested in providing such schema with PowerDNS, and I hope my
11575 message will be accepted into their mailing list soon.</p>
11576
11577 <p><strong>ISC dhcp</strong></p>
11578
11579 <p>The DHCP server searches for specific objectclass and requests all
11580 the object attributes, and then uses the attributes it want.  This
11581 make it harder to figure out exactly what attributes are used, but
11582 thanks to the working example in Debian Edu I can at least get an idea
11583 what is needed without having to read the source code.</p>
11584
11585 <p>In the DHCP server configuration, the LDAP base to use and the
11586 search filter to use to locate the correct dhcpServer entity is
11587 stored.  These are the relevant entries from
11588 /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf:</p>
11589
11590 <blockquote><pre>
11591 ldap-base-dn "dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no";
11592 ldap-dhcp-server-cn "dhcp";
11593 </pre></blockquote>
11594
11595 <p>The DHCP server uses this information to nest all the DHCP
11596 configuration it need.  The cn "dhcp" is located using the given LDAP
11597 base and the filter "(&(objectClass=dhcpServer)(cn=dhcp))".  The
11598 search result is this entry:</p>
11599
11600 <blockquote><pre>
11601 dn: cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11602 cn: dhcp
11603 objectClass: top
11604 objectClass: dhcpServer
11605 dhcpServiceDN: cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11606 </pre></blockquote>
11607
11608 <p>The content of the dhcpServiceDN attribute is next used to locate the
11609 subtree with DHCP configuration.  The DHCP configuration subtree base
11610 is located using a base scope search with base "cn=DHCP
11611 Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no" and filter
11612 "(&(objectClass=dhcpService)(|(dhcpPrimaryDN=cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no)(dhcpSecondaryDN=cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no)))".
11613 The search result is this entry:</p>
11614
11615 <blockquote><pre>
11616 dn: cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11617 cn: DHCP Config
11618 objectClass: top
11619 objectClass: dhcpService
11620 objectClass: dhcpOptions
11621 dhcpPrimaryDN: cn=dhcp, dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11622 dhcpStatements: ddns-update-style none
11623 dhcpStatements: authoritative
11624 dhcpOption: smtp-server code 69 = array of ip-address
11625 dhcpOption: www-server code 72 = array of ip-address
11626 dhcpOption: wpad-url code 252 = text
11627 </pre></blockquote>
11628
11629 <p>Next, the entire subtree is processed, one level at the time.  When
11630 all the DHCP configuration is loaded, it is ready to receive requests.
11631 The subtree in Debian Edu contain objects with object classes
11632 top/dhcpService/dhcpOptions, top/dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions,
11633 top/dhcpSubnet, top/dhcpGroup and top/dhcpHost.  These provide options
11634 and information about netmasks, dynamic range etc.  Leaving out the
11635 details here because it is not relevant for the focus of my
11636 investigation, which is to see if it is possible to merge dns and dhcp
11637 related computer objects.</p>
11638
11639 <p>When a DHCP request come in, LDAP is searched for the MAC address
11640 of the client (00:00:00:00:00:00 in this example), using a subtree
11641 scoped search with "cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no" as
11642 the base and "(&(objectClass=dhcpHost)(dhcpHWAddress=ethernet
11643 00:00:00:00:00:00))" as the filter.  This is what a host object look
11644 like:</p>
11645
11646 <blockquote><pre>
11647 dn: cn=hostname,cn=group1,cn=THINCLIENTS,cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11648 cn: hostname
11649 objectClass: top
11650 objectClass: dhcpHost
11651 dhcpHWAddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
11652 dhcpStatements: fixed-address hostname
11653 </pre></blockquote>
11654
11655 <p>There is less flexiblity in the way LDAP searches are done here.
11656 The object classes need to have fixed names, and the configuration
11657 need to be stored in a fairly specific LDAP structure.  On the
11658 positive side, the invidiual dhcpHost entires can be anywhere without
11659 the DN pointed to by the dhcpServer entries.  The latter should make
11660 it possible to group all host entries in a subtree next to the
11661 configuration entries, and this subtree can also be shared with the
11662 DNS server if the schema proposed above is combined with the dhcpHost
11663 structural object class.
11664
11665 <p><strong>Conclusion</strong></p>
11666
11667 <p>The PowerDNS implementation seem to be very flexible when it come
11668 to which LDAP schemas to use.  While its "tree" mode is rigid when it
11669 come to the the LDAP structure, the "strict" mode is very flexible,
11670 allowing DNS objects to be stored anywhere under the base cn specified
11671 in the configuration.</p>
11672
11673 <p>The DHCP implementation on the other hand is very inflexible, both
11674 regarding which LDAP schemas to use and which LDAP structure to use.
11675 I guess one could implement ones own schema, as long as the
11676 objectclasses and attributes have the names used, but this do not
11677 really help when the DHCP subtree need to have a fairly fixed
11678 structure.</p>
11679
11680 <p>Based on the observed behaviour, I suspect a LDAP structure like
11681 this might work for Debian Edu:</p>
11682
11683 <blockquote><pre>
11684 ou=services
11685   cn=machine-info (dhcpService) - dhcpServiceDN points here
11686     cn=dhcp (dhcpServer)
11687     cn=dhcp-internal (dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions)
11688       cn=10.0.2.0 (dhcpSubnet)
11689         cn=group1 (dhcpGroup/dhcpOptions)
11690     cn=dhcp-thinclients (dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions)
11691       cn=192.168.0.0 (dhcpSubnet)
11692         cn=group1 (dhcpGroup/dhcpOptions)
11693     ou=machines - PowerDNS base points here
11694       cn=hostname (dhcpHost/domainrelatedobject/dnsDomainAux)
11695 </pre></blockquote>
11696
11697 <P>This is not tested yet.  If the DHCP server require the dhcpHost
11698 entries to be in the dhcpGroup subtrees, the entries can be stored
11699 there instead of a common machines subtree, and the PowerDNS base
11700 would have to be moved one level up to the machine-info subtree.</p>
11701
11702 <p>The combined object under the machines subtree would look something
11703 like this:</p>
11704
11705 <blockquote><pre>
11706 dn: dc=hostname,ou=machines,cn=machine-info,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11707 dc: hostname
11708 objectClass: top
11709 objectClass: dhcpHost
11710 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
11711 objectclass: dnsDomainAux
11712 associateddomain: hostname.intern
11713 arecord: 10.11.12.13
11714 dhcpHWAddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
11715 dhcpStatements: fixed-address hostname.intern
11716 </pre></blockquote>
11717
11718 </p>One could even add the LTSP configuration associated with a given
11719 machine, as long as the required attributes are available in a
11720 auxiliary object class.</p>
11721
11722       </div>
11723       <div class="tags">
11724
11725
11726         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11727
11728
11729       </div>
11730     </div>
11731     <div class="padding"></div>
11732
11733     <div class="entry">
11734       <div class="title">
11735         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Combining_PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_LDAP_objects.html">Combining PowerDNS and ISC DHCP LDAP objects</a>
11736       </div>
11737       <div class="date">
11738         14th July 2010
11739       </div>
11740       <div class="body">
11741         <p>For a while now, I have wanted to find a way to change the DNS and
11742 DHCP services in Debian Edu to use the same LDAP objects for a given
11743 computer, to avoid the possibility of having a inconsistent state for
11744 a computer in LDAP (as in DHCP but no DNS entry or the other way
11745 around) and make it easier to add computers to LDAP.</p>
11746
11747 <p>I've looked at how powerdns and dhcpd is using LDAP, and using this
11748 information finally found a solution that seem to work.</p>
11749
11750 <p>The old setup required three LDAP objects for a given computer.
11751 One forward DNS entry, one reverse DNS entry and one DHCP entry.  If
11752 we switch powerdns to use its strict LDAP method (ldap-method=strict
11753 in pdns-debian-edu.conf), the forward and reverse DNS entries are
11754 merged into one while making it impossible to transfer the reverse map
11755 to a slave DNS server.</p>
11756
11757 <p>If we also replace the object class used to get the DNS related
11758 attributes to one allowing these attributes to be combined with the
11759 dhcphost object class, we can merge the DNS and DHCP entries into one.
11760 I've written such object class in the dnsdomainaux.schema file (need
11761 proper OIDs, but that is a minor issue), and tested the setup.  It
11762 seem to work.</p>
11763
11764 <p>With this test setup in place, we can get away with one LDAP object
11765 for both DNS and DHCP, and even the LTSP configuration I suggested in
11766 an earlier email.  The combined LDAP object will look something like
11767 this:</p>
11768
11769 <blockquote><pre>
11770   dn: cn=hostname,cn=group1,cn=THINCLIENTS,cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11771   cn: hostname
11772   objectClass: dhcphost
11773   objectclass: domainrelatedobject
11774   objectclass: dnsdomainaux
11775   associateddomain: hostname.intern
11776   arecord: 10.11.12.13
11777   dhcphwaddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
11778   dhcpstatements: fixed-address hostname
11779   ldapconfigsound: Y
11780 </pre></blockquote>
11781
11782 <p>The DNS server uses the associateddomain and arecord entries, while
11783 the DHCP server uses the dhcphwaddress and dhcpstatements entries
11784 before asking DNS to resolve the fixed-adddress.  LTSP will use
11785 dhcphwaddress or associateddomain and the ldapconfig* attributes.</p>
11786
11787 <p>I am not yet sure if I can get the DHCP server to look for its
11788 dhcphost in a different location, to allow us to put the objects
11789 outside the "DHCP Config" subtree, but hope to figure out a way to do
11790 that.  If I can't figure out a way to do that, we can still get rid of
11791 the hosts subtree and move all its content into the DHCP Config tree
11792 (which probably should be renamed to be more related to the new
11793 content.  I suspect cn=dnsdhcp,ou=services or something like that
11794 might be a good place to put it.</p>
11795
11796 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
11797 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11798
11799       </div>
11800       <div class="tags">
11801
11802
11803         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11804
11805
11806       </div>
11807     </div>
11808     <div class="padding"></div>
11809
11810     <div class="entry">
11811       <div class="title">
11812         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_storing_LTSP_configuration_in_LDAP.html">Idea for storing LTSP configuration in LDAP</a>
11813       </div>
11814       <div class="date">
11815         11th July 2010
11816       </div>
11817       <div class="body">
11818         <p>Vagrant mentioned on IRC today that ltsp_config now support
11819 sourcing files from /usr/share/ltsp/ltsp_config.d/ on the thin
11820 clients, and that this can be used to fetch configuration from LDAP if
11821 Debian Edu choose to store configuration there.</p>
11822
11823 <p>Armed with this information, I got inspired and wrote a test module
11824 to get configuration from LDAP.  The idea is to look up the MAC
11825 address of the client in LDAP, and look for attributes on the form
11826 ltspconfigsetting=value, and use this to export SETTING=value to the
11827 LTSP clients.</p>
11828
11829 <p>The goal is to be able to store the LTSP configuration attributes
11830 in a "computer" LDAP object used by both DNS and DHCP, and thus
11831 allowing us to store all information about a computer in one place.</p>
11832
11833 <p>This is a untested draft implementation, and I welcome feedback on
11834 this approach.  A real LDAP schema for the ltspClientAux objectclass
11835 need to be written.  Comments, suggestions, etc?</p>
11836
11837 <blockquote><pre>
11838 # Store in /opt/ltsp/$arch/usr/share/ltsp/ltsp_config.d/ldap-config
11839 #
11840 # Fetch LTSP client settings from LDAP based on MAC address
11841 #
11842 # Uses ethernet address as stored in the dhcpHost objectclass using
11843 # the dhcpHWAddress attribute or ethernet address stored in the
11844 # ieee802Device objectclass with the macAddress attribute.
11845 #
11846 # This module is written to be schema agnostic, and only depend on the
11847 # existence of attribute names.
11848 #
11849 # The LTSP configuration variables are saved directly using a
11850 # ltspConfig prefix and uppercasing the rest of the attribute name.
11851 # To set the SERVER variable, set the ltspConfigServer attribute.
11852 #
11853 # Some LDAP schema should be created with all the relevant
11854 # configuration settings.  Something like this should work:
11855 #
11856 # objectclass ( 1.1.2.2 NAME 'ltspClientAux'
11857 #     SUP top
11858 #     AUXILIARY
11859 #     MAY ( ltspConfigServer $ ltsConfigSound $ ... )
11860
11861 LDAPSERVER=$(debian-edu-ldapserver)
11862 if [ "$LDAPSERVER" ] ; then
11863     LDAPBASE=$(debian-edu-ldapserver -b)
11864     for MAC in $(LANG=C ifconfig |grep -i hwaddr| awk '{print $5}'|sort -u) ; do
11865         filter="(|(dhcpHWAddress=ethernet $MAC)(macAddress=$MAC))"
11866         ldapsearch -h "$LDAPSERVER" -b "$LDAPBASE" -v -x "$filter" | \
11867             grep '^ltspConfig' | while read attr value ; do
11868             # Remove prefix and convert to upper case
11869             attr=$(echo $attr | sed 's/^ltspConfig//i' | tr a-z A-Z)
11870             # bass value on to clients
11871             eval "$attr=$value; export $attr"
11872         done
11873     done
11874 fi
11875 </pre></blockquote>
11876
11877 <p>I'm not sure this shell construction will work, because I suspect
11878 the while block might end up in a subshell causing the variables set
11879 there to not show up in ltsp-config, but if that is the case I am sure
11880 the code can be restructured to make sure the variables are passed on.
11881 I expect that can be solved with some testing. :)</p>
11882
11883 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
11884 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11885
11886 <p>Update 2010-07-17: I am aware of another effort to store LTSP
11887 configuration in LDAP that was created around year 2000 by
11888 <a href="http://www.pcxperience.com/thinclient/documentation/ldap.html">PC
11889 Xperience, Inc., 2000</a>.  I found its
11890 <a href="http://people.redhat.com/alikins/ltsp/ldap/">files</a> on a
11891 personal home page over at redhat.com.</p>
11892
11893       </div>
11894       <div class="tags">
11895
11896
11897         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11898
11899
11900       </div>
11901     </div>
11902     <div class="padding"></div>
11903
11904     <div class="entry">
11905       <div class="title">
11906         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/jXplorer__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">jXplorer, a very nice LDAP GUI</a>
11907       </div>
11908       <div class="date">
11909          9th July 2010
11910       </div>
11911       <div class="body">
11912         <p>Since
11913 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/LUMA__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">my
11914 last post</a> about available LDAP tools in Debian, I was told about a
11915 LDAP GUI that is even better than luma.  The java application
11916 <a href="http://jxplorer.org/">jXplorer</a> is claimed to be capable of
11917 moving LDAP objects and subtrees using drag-and-drop, and can
11918 authenticate using Kerberos.  I have only tested the Kerberos
11919 authentication, but do not have a LDAP setup allowing me to rewrite
11920 LDAP with my test user yet.  It is
11921 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/j/jxplorer.html">available in
11922 Debian</a> testing and unstable at the moment.  The only problem I
11923 have with it is how it handle errors.  If something go wrong, its
11924 non-intuitive behaviour require me to go through some query work list
11925 and remove the failing query.  Nothing big, but very annoying.</p>
11926
11927       </div>
11928       <div class="tags">
11929
11930
11931         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11932
11933
11934       </div>
11935     </div>
11936     <div class="padding"></div>
11937
11938     <div class="entry">
11939       <div class="title">
11940         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__apt_vs_aptitude_with_the_Gnome_desktop.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, apt vs aptitude with the Gnome desktop</a>
11941       </div>
11942       <div class="date">
11943          3rd July 2010
11944       </div>
11945       <div class="body">
11946         <p>Here is a short update on my <a
11947 href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">my
11948 Debian Lenny->Squeeze upgrade testing</a>.  Here is a summary of the
11949 difference for Gnome when it is upgraded by apt-get and aptitude.  I'm
11950 not reporting the status for KDE, because the upgrade crashes when
11951 aptitude try because of missing conflicts
11952 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584861">#584861</a> and
11953 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/585716">#585716</a>).</p>
11954
11955 <p>At the end of the upgrade test script, dpkg -l is executed to get a
11956 complete list of the installed packages.  Based on this I see these
11957 differences when I did a test run today.  As usual, I do not really
11958 know what the correct set of packages would be, but thought it best to
11959 publish the difference.</p>
11960
11961 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
11962
11963 <blockquote><p>
11964   at-spi cpp-4.3 finger gnome-spell gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
11965   libatspi1.0-0 libcupsys2 libeel2-data libgail-common libgdl-1-common
11966   libgnomeprint2.2-data libgnomeprintui2.2-common libgnomevfs2-bin
11967   libgtksourceview-common libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa
11968   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libservlet2.4-java libxalan2-java
11969   libxerces2-java openoffice.org-writer2latex openssl-blacklist p7zip
11970   python-4suite-xml python-eggtrayicon python-gtkhtml2
11971   python-gtkmozembed svgalibg1 xserver-xephyr zip
11972 </p></blockquote>
11973
11974 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
11975
11976 <blockquote><p>
11977   bluez-utils dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop epiphany-gecko
11978   gnome-app-install gnome-mount gnome-vfs-obexftp gnome-volume-manager
11979   libao2 libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5 libbind9-50
11980   libbluetooth2 libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7 libcucul0 libcurl3
11981   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdvdread3 libedata-cal1.2-6 libedataserver1.2-9
11982   libeel2-2.20 libepc-1.0-1 libepc-ui-1.0-1 libexchange-storage1.2-3
11983   libfaad0 libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libggz2 libggzcore9
11984   libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0 libgnome-desktop-2
11985   libgnome-pilot2 libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomeprint2.2-0
11986   libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtkhtml2-0
11987   libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgucharmap6 libhesiod0 libicu38 libisccc50
11988   libisccfg50 libiw29 libkpathsea4 libltdl3 liblwres50 libmagick++10
11989   libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmtp7 libmysqlclient15off libnautilus-burn4
11990   libneon27 libnm-glib0 libnm-util0 libopal-2.2 libosp5
11991   libparted1.8-10 libpisock9 libpisync1 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3
11992   libpt-1.10.10 libraw1394-8 libsensors3 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8
11993   libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1
11994   libtotem-plparser10 libtrackerclient0 libvoikko1 libxalan2-java-gcj
11995   libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12 libxtrap6 libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3
11996   mysql-common swfdec-gnome totem-gstreamer wodim
11997 </p></blockquote>
11998
11999 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
12000
12001 <blockquote><p>
12002   gnome gnome-desktop-environment hamster-applet python-gnomeapplet
12003   python-gnomekeyring python-wnck rhythmbox-plugins xorg
12004   xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
12005   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
12006   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-video-all
12007   xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark xserver-xorg-video-ati
12008   xserver-xorg-video-chips xserver-xorg-video-cirrus
12009   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
12010   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
12011   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-mach64
12012   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
12013   xserver-xorg-video-nouveau xserver-xorg-video-nv
12014   xserver-xorg-video-r128 xserver-xorg-video-radeon
12015   xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd xserver-xorg-video-rendition
12016   xserver-xorg-video-s3 xserver-xorg-video-s3virge
12017   xserver-xorg-video-savage xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion
12018   xserver-xorg-video-sis xserver-xorg-video-sisusb
12019   xserver-xorg-video-tdfx xserver-xorg-video-tga
12020   xserver-xorg-video-trident xserver-xorg-video-tseng
12021   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vmware
12022   xserver-xorg-video-voodoo
12023 </p></blockquote>
12024
12025 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
12026
12027 <blockquote><p>
12028   deskbar-applet xserver-xorg xserver-xorg-core
12029   xserver-xorg-input-wacom xserver-xorg-video-intel
12030   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome
12031 </p></blockquote>
12032
12033 <p>I was told on IRC that the xorg-xserver package was
12034 <a href="http://git.debian.org/?p=pkg-xorg/xserver/xorg-server.git;a=commit;h=9c8080d06c457932d3bfec021c69ac000aa60120">changed
12035 in git</a> today to try to get apt-get to not remove xorg completely.
12036 No idea when it hits Squeeze, but when it does I hope it will reduce
12037 the difference somewhat.
12038
12039       </div>
12040       <div class="tags">
12041
12042
12043         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
12044
12045
12046       </div>
12047     </div>
12048     <div class="padding"></div>
12049
12050     <div class="entry">
12051       <div class="title">
12052         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Caching_password__user_and_group_on_a_roaming_Debian_laptop.html">Caching password, user and group on a roaming Debian laptop</a>
12053       </div>
12054       <div class="date">
12055          1st July 2010
12056       </div>
12057       <div class="body">
12058         <p>For a laptop, centralized user directories and password checking is
12059 a bit troubling.  Laptops are typically used also when not connected
12060 to the network, and it is vital for a user to be able to log in or
12061 unlock the screen saver also when a central server is unavailable.
12062 This is possible by caching passwords and directory information (user
12063 and group attributes) locally, and the packages to do so are available
12064 in Debian.  Here follow two recipes to set this up in Debian/Squeeze.
12065 It is also possible to set up in Debian/Lenny, but require more manual
12066 setup there because pam-auth-update is missing in Lenny.</p>
12067
12068 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + nscd + libpam-ccreds + libpam-mklocaluser/pam_mkhomedir</h2>
12069
12070 This is the traditional method with a twist.  The password caching is
12071 provided by libpam-ccreds (version 10-4 or later is needed on
12072 Squeeze), and the directory caching is done by nscd.  The directory
12073 lookup and password checking is done using LDAP.  If one want to use
12074 Kerberos for password checking the libpam-ldapd package can be
12075 replaced with libpam-krb5 or libpam-heimdal.  If one is happy having a
12076 local home directory with the path listed in LDAP, one can use the
12077 pam_mkhomedir module from pam-modules to make this happen instead of
12078 using libpam-mklocaluser.  A setup for pam-auth-update to enable
12079 pam_mkhomedir will have to be written until a fix for
12080 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/568577">bug #568577</a> is in the
12081 archive.  Because I believe it is a bad idea to have local home
12082 directories using misleading paths like /site/server/partition/, I
12083 prefer to create a local user with the home directory in /home/.  This
12084 is done using the libpam-mklocaluser package.</p>
12085
12086 <p>These packages need to be installed and configured</p>
12087
12088 <blockquote><pre>
12089 libnss-ldapd libpam-ldapd nscd libpam-ccreds libpam-mklocaluser
12090 </pre></blockquote>
12091
12092 <p>The ldapd packages will ask for LDAP connection information, and
12093 one have to fill in the values that fits ones own site.  Make sure the
12094 PAM part uses encrypted connections, to make sure the password is not
12095 sent in clear text to the LDAP server.  I've been unable to get TLS
12096 certificate checking for a self signed certificate working, which make
12097 LDAP authentication unsafe for Debian Edu (nslcd is not checking if it
12098 is talking to the correct LDAP server), and very much welcome feedback
12099 on how to get this working.</p>
12100
12101 <p>Because nscd do not have a default configuration fit for offline
12102 caching until <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/485282">bug #485282</a>
12103 is fixed, this configuration should be used instead of the one
12104 currently in /etc/nscd.conf.  The changes are in the fields
12105 reload-count and positive-time-to-live, and is based on the
12106 instructions I found in the
12107 <a href="http://www.flyn.org/laptopldap/">LDAP for Mobile Laptops</a>
12108 instructions by Flyn Computing.</p>
12109
12110 <blockquote><pre>
12111         debug-level             0
12112         reload-count            unlimited
12113         paranoia                no
12114
12115         enable-cache            passwd          yes
12116         positive-time-to-live   passwd          2592000
12117         negative-time-to-live   passwd          20
12118         suggested-size          passwd          211
12119         check-files             passwd          yes
12120         persistent              passwd          yes
12121         shared                  passwd          yes
12122         max-db-size             passwd          33554432
12123         auto-propagate          passwd          yes
12124
12125         enable-cache            group           yes
12126         positive-time-to-live   group           2592000
12127         negative-time-to-live   group           20
12128         suggested-size          group           211
12129         check-files             group           yes
12130         persistent              group           yes
12131         shared                  group           yes
12132         max-db-size             group           33554432
12133         auto-propagate          group           yes
12134
12135         enable-cache            hosts           no
12136         positive-time-to-live   hosts           2592000
12137         negative-time-to-live   hosts           20
12138         suggested-size          hosts           211
12139         check-files             hosts           yes
12140         persistent              hosts           yes
12141         shared                  hosts           yes
12142         max-db-size             hosts           33554432
12143
12144         enable-cache            services        yes
12145         positive-time-to-live   services        2592000
12146         negative-time-to-live   services        20
12147         suggested-size          services        211
12148         check-files             services        yes
12149         persistent              services        yes
12150         shared                  services        yes
12151         max-db-size             services        33554432
12152 </pre></blockquote>
12153
12154 <p>While we wait for a mechanism to update /etc/nsswitch.conf
12155 automatically like the one provided in
12156 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/496915">bug #496915</a>, the file
12157 content need to be manually replaced to ensure LDAP is used as the
12158 directory service on the machine.  /etc/nsswitch.conf should normally
12159 look like this:</p>
12160
12161 <blockquote><pre>
12162 passwd:         files ldap
12163 group:          files ldap
12164 shadow:         files ldap
12165 hosts:          files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns mdns4
12166 networks:       files
12167 protocols:      files
12168 services:       files
12169 ethers:         files
12170 rpc:            files
12171 netgroup:       files ldap
12172 </pre></blockquote>
12173
12174 <p>The important parts are that ldap is listed last for passwd, group,
12175 shadow and netgroup.</p>
12176
12177 <p>With these changes in place, any user in LDAP will be able to log
12178 in locally on the machine using for example kdm, get a local home
12179 directory created and have the password as well as user and group
12180 attributes cached.
12181
12182 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + nss-updatedb + libpam-ccreds +
12183   libpam-mklocaluser/pam_mkhomedir</h2>
12184
12185 <p>Because nscd have had its share of problems, and seem to have
12186 problems doing proper caching, I've seen suggestions and recipes to
12187 use nss-updatedb to copy parts of the LDAP database locally when the
12188 LDAP database is available.  I have not tested such setup, because I
12189 discovered sssd.</p>
12190
12191 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + sssd + libpam-mklocaluser</h2>
12192
12193 <p>A more flexible and robust setup than the nscd combination
12194 mentioned earlier that has shown up recently, is the
12195 <a href="https://fedorahosted.org/sssd/">sssd</a> package from Redhat.
12196 It is part of the <a href="http://www.freeipa.org/">FreeIPA</A> project
12197 to provide a Active Directory like directory service for Linux
12198 machines.  The sssd system combines the caching of passwords and user
12199 information into one package, and remove the need for nscd and
12200 libpam-ccreds.  It support LDAP and Kerberos, but not NIS.  Version
12201 1.2 do not support netgroups, but it is said that it will support this
12202 in version 1.5 expected to show up later in 2010.  Because the
12203 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/sssd.html">sssd package</a>
12204 was missing in Debian, I ended up co-maintaining it with Werner, and
12205 version 1.2 is now in testing.
12206
12207 <p>These packages need to be installed and configured to get the
12208 roaming setup I want</p>
12209
12210 <blockquote><pre>
12211 libpam-sss libnss-sss libpam-mklocaluser
12212 </pre></blockquote>
12213
12214 The complete setup of sssd is done by editing/creating
12215 <tt>/etc/sssd/sssd.conf</tt>.
12216
12217 <blockquote><pre>
12218 [sssd]
12219 config_file_version = 2
12220 reconnection_retries = 3
12221 sbus_timeout = 30
12222 services = nss, pam
12223 domains = INTERN
12224
12225 [nss]
12226 filter_groups = root
12227 filter_users = root
12228 reconnection_retries = 3
12229
12230 [pam]
12231 reconnection_retries = 3
12232
12233 [domain/INTERN]
12234 enumerate = false
12235 cache_credentials = true
12236
12237 id_provider = ldap
12238 auth_provider = ldap
12239 chpass_provider = ldap
12240
12241 ldap_uri = ldap://ldap
12242 ldap_search_base = dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12243 ldap_tls_reqcert = never
12244 ldap_tls_cacert = /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt
12245 </pre></blockquote>
12246
12247 <p>I got the same problem here with certificate checking.  Had to set
12248 "ldap_tls_reqcert = never" to get it working.</p>
12249
12250 <p>With the libnss-sss package in testing at the moment, the
12251 nsswitch.conf file is update automatically, so there is no need to
12252 modify it manually.</p>
12253
12254 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
12255 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12256
12257       </div>
12258       <div class="tags">
12259
12260
12261         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12262
12263
12264       </div>
12265     </div>
12266     <div class="padding"></div>
12267
12268     <div class="entry">
12269       <div class="title">
12270         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/LUMA__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">LUMA, a very nice LDAP GUI</a>
12271       </div>
12272       <div class="date">
12273         28th June 2010
12274       </div>
12275       <div class="body">
12276         <p>The last few days I have been looking into the status of the LDAP
12277 directory in Debian Edu, and in the process I started to miss a GUI
12278 tool to browse the LDAP tree.  The only one I was able to find in
12279 Debian/Squeeze and Lenny is
12280 <a href="http://luma.sourceforge.net/">LUMA</a>, which has proved to
12281 be a great tool to get a overview of the current LDAP directory
12282 populated by default in Skolelinux.  Thanks to it, I have been able to
12283 find empty and obsolete subtrees, misplaced objects and duplicate
12284 objects.  It will be installed by default in Debian/Squeeze.  If you
12285 are working with LDAP, give it a go. :)</p>
12286
12287 <p>I did notice one problem with it I have not had time to report to
12288 the BTS yet.  There is no .desktop file in the package, so the tool do
12289 not show up in the Gnome and KDE menus, but only deep down in in the
12290 Debian submenu in KDE.  I hope that can be fixed before Squeeze is
12291 released.</p>
12292
12293 <p>I have not yet been able to get it to modify the tree yet.  I would
12294 like to move objects and remove subtrees directly in the GUI, but have
12295 not found a way to do that with LUMA yet.  So in the mean time, I use
12296 <a href="http://www.lichteblau.com/ldapvi/">ldapvi</a> for that.</p>
12297
12298 <p>If you have tips on other GUI tools for LDAP that might be useful
12299 in Debian Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12300
12301 <p>Update 2010-06-29: Ross Reedstrom tipped us about the
12302 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/g/gq.html">gq</a> package as a
12303 useful GUI alternative.  It seem like a good tool, but is unmaintained
12304 in Debian and got a RC bug keeping it out of Squeeze.  Unless that
12305 changes, it will not be an option for Debian Edu based on Squeeze.</p>
12306
12307       </div>
12308       <div class="tags">
12309
12310
12311         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12312
12313
12314       </div>
12315     </div>
12316     <div class="padding"></div>
12317
12318     <div class="entry">
12319       <div class="title">
12320         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_a_change_to_LDAP_schemas_allowing_DNS_and_DHCP_info_to_be_combined_into_one_object.html">Idea for a change to LDAP schemas allowing DNS and DHCP info to be combined into one object</a>
12321       </div>
12322       <div class="date">
12323         24th June 2010
12324       </div>
12325       <div class="body">
12326         <p>A while back, I
12327 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">complained
12328 about the fact</a> that it is not possible with the provided schemas
12329 for storing DNS and DHCP information in LDAP to combine the two sets
12330 of information into one LDAP object representing a computer.</p>
12331
12332 <p>In the mean time, I discovered that a simple fix would be to make
12333 the dhcpHost object class auxiliary, to allow it to be combined with
12334 the dNSDomain object class, and thus forming one object for one
12335 computer when storing both DHCP and DNS information in LDAP.</p>
12336
12337 <p>If I understand this correctly, it is not safe to do this change
12338 without also changing the assigned number for the object class, and I
12339 do not know enough about LDAP schema design to do that properly for
12340 Debian Edu.</p>
12341
12342 <p>Anyway, for future reference, this is how I believe we could change
12343 the
12344 <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-dhc-ldap-schema-00">DHCP
12345 schema</a> to solve at least part of the problem with the LDAP schemas
12346 available today from IETF.</p>
12347
12348 <pre>
12349 --- dhcp.schema    (revision 65192)
12350 +++ dhcp.schema    (working copy)
12351 @@ -376,7 +376,7 @@
12352  objectclass ( 2.16.840.1.113719.1.203.6.6
12353         NAME 'dhcpHost'
12354         DESC 'This represents information about a particular client'
12355 -       SUP top
12356 +       SUP top AUXILIARY
12357         MUST cn
12358         MAY  (dhcpLeaseDN $ dhcpHWAddress $ dhcpOptionsDN $ dhcpStatements $ dhcpComments $ dhcpOption)
12359         X-NDS_CONTAINMENT ('dhcpService' 'dhcpSubnet' 'dhcpGroup') )
12360 </pre>
12361
12362 <p>I very much welcome clues on how to do this properly for Debian
12363 Edu/Squeeze.  We provide the DHCP schema in our debian-edu-config
12364 package, and should thus be free to rewrite it as we see fit.</p>
12365
12366 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
12367 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12368
12369       </div>
12370       <div class="tags">
12371
12372
12373         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12374
12375
12376       </div>
12377     </div>
12378     <div class="padding"></div>
12379
12380     <div class="entry">
12381       <div class="title">
12382         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__removals_by_apt_and_aptitude.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, removals by apt and aptitude</a>
12383       </div>
12384       <div class="date">
12385         13th June 2010
12386       </div>
12387       <div class="body">
12388         <p>My
12389 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_upgrade_testing_from_Lenny_to_Squeeze.html">testing
12390 of Debian upgrades</a> from Lenny to Squeeze continues, and I've
12391 finally made the upgrade logs available from
12392 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/debian-upgrade-testing/</a>.
12393 I am now testing dist-upgrade of Gnome and KDE in a chroot using both
12394 apt and aptitude, and found their differences interesting.  This time
12395 I will only focus on their removal plans.</p>
12396
12397 <p>After installing a Gnome desktop and the laptop task, apt-get wants
12398 to remove 72 packages when dist-upgrading from Lenny to Squeeze.  The
12399 surprising part is that it want to remove xorg and all
12400 xserver-xorg-video* drivers.  Clearly not a good choice, but I am not
12401 sure why.  When asking aptitude to do the same, it want to remove 129
12402 packages, but most of them are library packages I suspect are no
12403 longer needed.  Both of them want to remove bluetooth packages, which
12404 I do not know.  Perhaps these bluetooth packages are obsolete?</p>
12405
12406 <p>For KDE, apt-get want to remove 82 packages, among them kdebase
12407 which seem like a bad idea and xorg the same way as with Gnome. Asking
12408 aptitude for the same, it wants to remove 192 packages, none which are
12409 too surprising.</p>
12410
12411 <p>I guess the removal of xorg during upgrades should be investigated
12412 and avoided, and perhaps others as well.  Here are the complete list
12413 of planned removals.  The complete logs is available from the URL
12414 above.  Note if you want to repeat these tests, that the upgrade test
12415 for kde+apt-get hung in the tasksel setup because of dpkg asking
12416 conffile questions.  No idea why.  I worked around it by using
12417 '<tt>echo >> /proc/<em>pidofdpkg</em>/fd/0</tt>' to tell dpkg to
12418 continue.</p>
12419
12420 <p><b>apt-get gnome 72</b>
12421 <br>bluez-gnome cupsddk-drivers deskbar-applet gnome
12422   gnome-desktop-environment gnome-network-admin gtkhtml3.14
12423   iceweasel-gnome-support libavcodec51 libdatrie0 libgdl-1-0
12424   libgnomekbd2 libgnomekbdui2 libmetacity0 libslab0 libxcb-xlib0
12425   nautilus-cd-burner python-gnome2-desktop python-gnome2-extras
12426   serpentine swfdec-mozilla update-manager xorg xserver-xorg
12427   xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
12428   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
12429   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-input-wacom
12430   xserver-xorg-video-all xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark
12431   xserver-xorg-video-ati xserver-xorg-video-chips
12432   xserver-xorg-video-cirrus xserver-xorg-video-cyrix
12433   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
12434   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
12435   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-imstt
12436   xserver-xorg-video-intel xserver-xorg-video-mach64
12437   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
12438   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-nv
12439   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome xserver-xorg-video-r128
12440   xserver-xorg-video-radeon xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd
12441   xserver-xorg-video-rendition xserver-xorg-video-s3
12442   xserver-xorg-video-s3virge xserver-xorg-video-savage
12443   xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion xserver-xorg-video-sis
12444   xserver-xorg-video-sisusb xserver-xorg-video-tdfx
12445   xserver-xorg-video-tga xserver-xorg-video-trident
12446   xserver-xorg-video-tseng xserver-xorg-video-v4l
12447   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vga
12448   xserver-xorg-video-vmware xserver-xorg-video-voodoo xulrunner-1.9
12449   xulrunner-1.9-gnome-support</p>
12450
12451 <p><b>aptitude gnome 129</b>
12452
12453 <br>bluez-gnome bluez-utils cpp-4.3 cupsddk-drivers dhcdbd
12454   djvulibre-desktop finger gnome-app-install gnome-mount
12455   gnome-network-admin gnome-spell gnome-vfs-obexftp
12456   gnome-volume-manager gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs gtkhtml3.14 libao2
12457   libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5 libavcodec51 libbluetooth2
12458   libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7 libcucul0 libcupsys2 libcurl3 libdatrie0
12459   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdvdread3 libedataserver1.2-9 libeel2-2.20
12460   libeel2-data libepc-1.0-1 libepc-ui-1.0-1 libfaad0 libgail-common
12461   libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libgdl-1-0 libgdl-1-common
12462   libggz2 libggzcore9 libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0
12463   libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomekbd2 libgnomekbdui2 libgnomeprint2.2-0
12464   libgnomeprint2.2-data libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgnomeprintui2.2-common
12465   libgnomevfs2-bin libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtkhtml2-0
12466   libgtksourceview-common libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgucharmap6
12467   libhesiod0 libicu38 libiw29 libkpathsea4 libltdl3 libmagick++10
12468   libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmetacity0 libmtp7 libmysqlclient15off
12469   libnautilus-burn4 libneon27 libnm-glib0 libnm-util0 libopal-2.2
12470   libosp5 libparted1.8-10 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3 libpt-1.10.10
12471   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libraw1394-8
12472   libsensors3 libslab0 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8 libssh2-1
12473   libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1 libtotem-plparser10
12474   libtrackerclient0 libxalan2-java libxalan2-java-gcj libxcb-xlib0
12475   libxerces2-java libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12 libxtrap6
12476   libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3 mysql-common nautilus-cd-burner
12477   openoffice.org-writer2latex openssl-blacklist p7zip
12478   python-4suite-xml python-eggtrayicon python-gnome2-desktop
12479   python-gnome2-extras python-gtkhtml2 python-gtkmozembed
12480   python-numeric python-sexy serpentine svgalibg1 swfdec-gnome
12481   swfdec-mozilla totem-gstreamer update-manager wodim
12482   xserver-xorg-video-cyrix xserver-xorg-video-imstt
12483   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-v4l xserver-xorg-video-vga
12484   zip</p>
12485
12486 <p><b>apt-get kde 82</b>
12487
12488 <br>cupsddk-drivers karm kaudiocreator kcoloredit kcontrol kde kde-core
12489   kdeaddons kdeartwork kdebase kdebase-bin kdebase-bin-kde3
12490   kdebase-kio-plugins kdesktop kdeutils khelpcenter kicker
12491   kicker-applets knewsticker kolourpaint konq-plugins konqueror korn
12492   kpersonalizer kscreensaver ksplash libavcodec51 libdatrie0 libkiten1
12493   libxcb-xlib0 quanta superkaramba texlive-base-bin xorg xserver-xorg
12494   xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
12495   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
12496   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-input-wacom
12497   xserver-xorg-video-all xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark
12498   xserver-xorg-video-ati xserver-xorg-video-chips
12499   xserver-xorg-video-cirrus xserver-xorg-video-cyrix
12500   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
12501   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
12502   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-imstt
12503   xserver-xorg-video-intel xserver-xorg-video-mach64
12504   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
12505   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-nv
12506   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome xserver-xorg-video-r128
12507   xserver-xorg-video-radeon xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd
12508   xserver-xorg-video-rendition xserver-xorg-video-s3
12509   xserver-xorg-video-s3virge xserver-xorg-video-savage
12510   xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion xserver-xorg-video-sis
12511   xserver-xorg-video-sisusb xserver-xorg-video-tdfx
12512   xserver-xorg-video-tga xserver-xorg-video-trident
12513   xserver-xorg-video-tseng xserver-xorg-video-v4l
12514   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vga
12515   xserver-xorg-video-vmware xserver-xorg-video-voodoo xulrunner-1.9</p>
12516
12517 <p><b>aptitude kde 192</b>
12518 <br>bluez-utils cpp-4.3 cupsddk-drivers cvs dcoprss dhcdbd
12519   djvulibre-desktop dosfstools eyesapplet fifteenapplet finger gettext
12520   ghostscript-x imlib-base imlib11 indi kandy karm kasteroids
12521   kaudiocreator kbackgammon kbstate kcoloredit kcontrol kcron kdat
12522   kdeadmin-kfile-plugins kdeartwork-misc kdeartwork-theme-window
12523   kdebase-bin-kde3 kdebase-kio-plugins kdeedu-data
12524   kdegraphics-kfile-plugins kdelirc kdemultimedia-kappfinder-data
12525   kdemultimedia-kfile-plugins kdenetwork-kfile-plugins
12526   kdepim-kfile-plugins kdepim-kio-plugins kdeprint kdesktop kdessh
12527   kdict kdnssd kdvi kedit keduca kenolaba kfax kfaxview kfouleggs
12528   kghostview khelpcenter khexedit kiconedit kitchensync klatin
12529   klickety kmailcvt kmenuedit kmid kmilo kmoon kmrml kodo kolourpaint
12530   kooka korn kpager kpdf kpercentage kpf kpilot kpoker kpovmodeler
12531   krec kregexpeditor ksayit ksim ksirc ksirtet ksmiletris ksmserver
12532   ksnake ksokoban ksplash ksvg ksysv ktip ktnef kuickshow kverbos
12533   kview kviewshell kvoctrain kwifimanager kwin kwin4 kworldclock
12534   kxsldbg libakode2 libao2 libarts1-akode libarts1-audiofile
12535   libarts1-mpeglib libarts1-xine libavahi-compat-libdnssd1
12536   libavahi-core5 libavc1394-0 libavcodec51 libbluetooth2
12537   libboost-python1.34.1 libcucul0 libcurl3 libcvsservice0 libdatrie0
12538   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdjvulibre21 libdvdread3 libfaad0 libfreebob0
12539   libgail-common libgd2-noxpm libgraphviz4 libgsmme1c2a libgtkhtml2-0
12540   libicu38 libiec61883-0 libindex0 libiw29 libk3b3 libkcal2b libkcddb1
12541   libkdeedu3 libkdepim1a libkgantt0 libkiten1 libkleopatra1 libkmime2
12542   libkpathsea4 libkpimexchange1 libkpimidentities1 libkscan1
12543   libksieve0 libktnef1 liblockdev1 libltdl3 libmagick10 libmimelib1c2a
12544   libmozjs1d libmpcdec3 libneon27 libnm-util0 libopensync0 libpisock9
12545   libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler-qt2 libpoppler3 libraw1394-8 libsmbios2
12546   libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libtalloc1 libtiff-tools
12547   libxalan2-java libxalan2-java-gcj libxcb-xlib0 libxerces2-java
12548   libxerces2-java-gcj libxtrap6 mpeglib networkstatus
12549   openoffice.org-writer2latex pmount poster psutils quanta quanta-data
12550   superkaramba svgalibg1 tex-common texlive-base texlive-base-bin
12551   texlive-common texlive-doc-base texlive-fonts-recommended
12552   xserver-xorg-video-cyrix xserver-xorg-video-imstt
12553   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-v4l xserver-xorg-video-vga
12554   xulrunner-1.9</p>
12555
12556
12557       </div>
12558       <div class="tags">
12559
12560
12561         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
12562
12563
12564       </div>
12565     </div>
12566     <div class="padding"></div>
12567
12568     <div class="entry">
12569       <div class="title">
12570         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_upgrade_testing_from_Lenny_to_Squeeze.html">Automatic upgrade testing from Lenny to Squeeze</a>
12571       </div>
12572       <div class="date">
12573         11th June 2010
12574       </div>
12575       <div class="body">
12576         <p>The last few days I have done some upgrade testing in Debian, to
12577 see if the upgrade from Lenny to Squeeze will go smoothly.  A few bugs
12578 have been discovered and reported in the process
12579 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/585410">#585410</a> in nagios3-cgi,
12580 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584879">#584879</a> already fixed in
12581 enscript and <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584861">#584861</a> in
12582 kdebase-workspace-data), and to get a more regular testing going on, I
12583 am working on a script to automate the test.</p>
12584
12585 <p>The idea is to create a Lenny chroot and use tasksel to install a
12586 Gnome or KDE desktop installation inside the chroot before upgrading
12587 it.  To ensure no services are started in the chroot, a policy-rc.d
12588 script is inserted.  To make sure tasksel believe it is to install a
12589 desktop on a laptop, the tasksel tests are replaced in the chroot
12590 (only acceptable because this is a throw-away chroot).</p>
12591
12592 <p>A naive upgrade from Lenny to Squeeze using aptitude dist-upgrade
12593 currently always fail because udev refuses to upgrade with the kernel
12594 in Lenny, so to avoid that problem the file /etc/udev/kernel-upgrade
12595 is created.  The bug report
12596 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/566000">#566000</a> make me suspect
12597 this problem do not trigger in a chroot, but I touch the file anyway
12598 to make sure the upgrade go well.  Testing on virtual and real
12599 hardware have failed me because of udev so far, and creating this file
12600 do the trick in such settings anyway.  This is a
12601 <a href="http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/debian-26/failed-dist-upgrade-due-to-udev-config_sysfs_deprecated-nonsense-804130/">known
12602 issue</a> and the current udev behaviour is intended by the udev
12603 maintainer because he lack the resources to rewrite udev to keep
12604 working with old kernels or something like that.  I really wish the
12605 udev upstream would keep udev backwards compatible, to avoid such
12606 upgrade problem, but given that they fail to do so, I guess
12607 documenting the way out of this mess is the best option we got for
12608 Debian Squeeze.</p>
12609
12610 <p>Anyway, back to the task at hand, testing upgrades.  This test
12611 script, which I call <tt>upgrade-test</tt> for now, is doing the
12612 trick:</p>
12613
12614 <blockquote><pre>
12615 #!/bin/sh
12616 set -ex
12617
12618 if [ "$1" ] ; then
12619     desktop=$1
12620 else
12621     desktop=gnome
12622 fi
12623
12624 from=lenny
12625 to=squeeze
12626
12627 exec &lt; /dev/null
12628 unset LANG
12629 mirror=http://ftp.skolelinux.org/debian
12630 tmpdir=chroot-$from-upgrade-$to-$desktop
12631 fuser -mv .
12632 debootstrap $from $tmpdir $mirror
12633 chroot $tmpdir aptitude update
12634 cat > $tmpdir/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d &lt;&lt;EOF
12635 #!/bin/sh
12636 exit 101
12637 EOF
12638 chmod a+rx $tmpdir/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d
12639 exit_cleanup() {
12640     umount $tmpdir/proc
12641 }
12642 mount -t proc proc $tmpdir/proc
12643 # Make sure proc is unmounted also on failure
12644 trap exit_cleanup EXIT INT
12645
12646 chroot $tmpdir aptitude -y install debconf-utils
12647
12648 # Make sure tasksel autoselection trigger.  It need the test scripts
12649 # to return the correct answers.
12650 echo tasksel tasksel/desktop multiselect $desktop | \
12651     chroot $tmpdir debconf-set-selections
12652
12653 # Include the desktop and laptop task
12654 for test in desktop laptop ; do
12655     echo > $tmpdir/usr/lib/tasksel/tests/$test &lt;&lt;EOF
12656 #!/bin/sh
12657 exit 2
12658 EOF
12659     chmod a+rx $tmpdir/usr/lib/tasksel/tests/$test
12660 done
12661
12662 DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
12663 DEBIAN_PRIORITY=critical
12664 export DEBIAN_FRONTEND DEBIAN_PRIORITY
12665 chroot $tmpdir tasksel --new-install
12666
12667 echo deb $mirror $to main > $tmpdir/etc/apt/sources.list
12668 chroot $tmpdir aptitude update
12669 touch $tmpdir/etc/udev/kernel-upgrade
12670 chroot $tmpdir aptitude -y dist-upgrade
12671 fuser -mv
12672 </pre></blockquote>
12673
12674 <p>I suspect it would be useful to test upgrades with both apt-get and
12675 with aptitude, but I have not had time to look at how they behave
12676 differently so far.  I hope to get a cron job running to do the test
12677 regularly and post the result on the web.  The Gnome upgrade currently
12678 work, while the KDE upgrade fail because of the bug in
12679 kdebase-workspace-data</p>
12680
12681 <p>I am not quite sure what kind of extract from the huge upgrade logs
12682 (KDE 167 KiB, Gnome 516 KiB) it make sense to include in this blog
12683 post, so I will refrain from trying.  I can report that for Gnome,
12684 aptitude report 760 packages upgraded, 448 newly installed, 129 to
12685 remove and 1 not upgraded and 1024MB need to be downloaded while for
12686 KDE the same numbers are 702 packages upgraded, 507 newly installed,
12687 193 to remove and 0 not upgraded and 1117MB need to be downloaded</p>
12688
12689 <p>I am very happy to notice that the Gnome desktop + laptop upgrade
12690 is able to migrate to dependency based boot sequencing and parallel
12691 booting without a hitch.  Was unsure if there were still bugs with
12692 packages failing to clean up their obsolete init.d script during
12693 upgrades, and no such problem seem to affect the Gnome desktop+laptop
12694 packages.</p>
12695
12696       </div>
12697       <div class="tags">
12698
12699
12700         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
12701
12702
12703       </div>
12704     </div>
12705     <div class="padding"></div>
12706
12707     <div class="entry">
12708       <div class="title">
12709         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_er_laget_for_sentraldrifting__naturligvis.html">Skolelinux er laget for sentraldrifting, naturligvis</a>
12710       </div>
12711       <div class="date">
12712          9th June 2010
12713       </div>
12714       <div class="body">
12715         <p>Det er merkelig hvordan myter om Skolelinux overlever.  En slik
12716 myte er at Skolelinux ikke kan sentraldriftes og ha sentralt plasserte
12717 tjenermaskiner.  I siste Computerworld Norge er
12718 <a href="http://www.idg.no/computerworld/article169432.ece">IT-sjef
12719 Viggo Billdal i Steinkjer intervjuet</a>, og forteller uten
12720 blygsel:</p>
12721
12722 <blockquote><p>Vi hadde Skolelinux, men det har vi sluttet med. Vi testet
12723 om det lønte seg med Microsoft eller en åpen plattform. Vi fant ut at
12724 Microsoft egentlig var totalt sett bedre egnet. Det var store
12725 driftskostnader med Skolelinux, blant annet på grunn av
12726 desentraliserte servere. Det var komplisert, så vi gikk vekk fra det
12727 og bruker nå bare Windows.</p></blockquote>
12728
12729 <p>En <a
12730 href="https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/bruker/2010-June/009101.html">rask
12731 sjekk</a> mot den norske brukerlista i Skolelinuxprosjektet forteller
12732 at Steinkjers forsøk foregikk fram til 2004/2005, og at Røysing skole
12733 i Steinkjer skal ha vært svært fornøyd med Skolelinux men at kommunen
12734 overkjørte skolen og krevde at de gikk over til Windows.  Et søk på
12735 nettet sendte meg til
12736 <a href="http://www.dn.no/multimedia/archive/00090/Dagens_it_nr__18_90826a.pdf">Dagens
12737 IT nr. 18 2005</a> hvor en kan lese på side 18:</p>
12738
12739 <blockquote><p>Inge Tømmerås ved Røysing skole i Steinkjer kjører ennå
12740 Microsoft, men forteller at kompetanseutfordringen med Skolelinux ikke
12741 var så stor.   Jeg syntes Skolelinux var utrolig lett å drifte uten
12742 forkunnskaper. Men man må jo selvsagt ha tilgang på ekstern kompetanse
12743 til installasjoner og maskinvarefeil, sier Tømmerås.</p></blockquote>
12744
12745 <p>Som systemarkitekten bak Skolelinux, kan jeg bare riste på hodet
12746 over påstanden om at Skolelinux krever desentraliserte tjenere.
12747 Skolelinux-arkitekturen er laget for sentralisert drift og plassering
12748 av tjenerne lokalt eller sentralt alt etter behov og nettkapasitet.
12749 Den er modellert på nettverks- og tjenerløsningen som brukes på
12750 Universitetet i Tromsø og Oslo, der jeg jobber med utvikling av
12751 driftstjenester.  Dette er det heldigvis noen som har fått med seg, og
12752 jeg er glad for å kunne sitere fra en kommentar på den overnevnte
12753 artikkelen.  Min venn og gamle kollega Sturle Sunde forteller der:
12754
12755 <blockquote>
12756 <p>I Flora kommune køyrer vi Skulelinux på skular med alt frå 15 til
12757 meir enn 500 elevar. Dei store skulane har eigen tenar, for det er
12758 mest praktisk. Eg, som er driftsansvarleg for heile nettet, ser
12759 sjeldan dei tenarane fysisk, men at dei står der gjer skulane mindre
12760 avhengige av eksterne linjer som er trege eller dyre. Dei minste
12761 skulane har ikkje eigen tenar. Å bruke sentral tenar er heller ikkje
12762 noko problem. Småskulane klarar seg fint med 1 mbit-linje til ein
12763 sentral tenar eller tenaren på ein større skule.</p>
12764
12765 <p>Det beste med Skulelinux er halvtjukke klientar. Dei treng ikkje
12766 harddisk og brukar minimalt med ressursar på tenaren fordi dei køyrer
12767 programma lokalt. Eit klasserom med 30 sju-åtte år gamle maskiner har
12768 mykje meir CPU og RAM totalt enn nokon moderne tenar til under
12769 millionen. Det trengst to kommandoar på den sentrale tenaren for å
12770 oppdatere alle klientane, både tynne og halvtjukke. Vi har ingen
12771 problem med diskar som ryk heller, som var eit problem før fordi
12772 elevane sat og sparka i maskinene. Og dei krev lite bandbreidde i
12773 nettet, so det er fullt mogleg å køyre slike på småskular med trege
12774 linjer mot tenaren på ein større skule.</p>
12775
12776 <p>Flora kommune har nesten 800 Linux-maskiner i sitt skulenett, og
12777 ein person som tek seg av drift av heile nettet, inkludert tenarar,
12778 klientar, operativsystem, programvare, heimekontorløysing og
12779 administrasjon av brukarar.</p>
12780
12781 <p>No skal det seiast at vi ikkje køyrer rein Skulelinux ut av
12782 boksen. Vi har gjort ein del tilpassingar mot noko Novell-greier som
12783 var der frå før, og som har komplisert installasjonen vår. Etter at
12784 oppsettet var gjort har løysinga vore stabil og kravd minimalt med
12785 arbeid.</p>
12786 </blockquote>
12787
12788 <p>Jeg vet at Narvik, Harstad og Oslo er kommuner der Skolelinux
12789 sentraldriftes med sentrale tjenere.  Det forteller meg at Steinkjers
12790 IT-sjef neppe bør skylde på Skolelinux-løsningen for sine 5 år gamle
12791 minner.</p>
12792
12793       </div>
12794       <div class="tags">
12795
12796
12797         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12798
12799
12800       </div>
12801     </div>
12802     <div class="padding"></div>
12803
12804     <div class="entry">
12805       <div class="title">
12806         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_manual_for_standards_wars___.html">A manual for standards wars...</a>
12807       </div>
12808       <div class="date">
12809          6th June 2010
12810       </div>
12811       <div class="body">
12812         <p>Via the
12813 <a href="http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/robweir/antic-atom/~3/QzU4RgoAGMg/weekly-links-10.html">blog
12814 of Rob Weir</a> I came across the very interesting essay named
12815 <a href="http://faculty.haas.berkeley.edu/shapiro/wars.pdf">The Art of
12816 Standards Wars</a> (PDF 25 pages).  I recommend it for everyone
12817 following the standards wars of today.</p>
12818
12819       </div>
12820       <div class="tags">
12821
12822
12823         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard</a>.
12824
12825
12826       </div>
12827     </div>
12828     <div class="padding"></div>
12829
12830     <div class="entry">
12831       <div class="title">
12832         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Sitesummary_tip__Listing_computer_hardware_models_used_at_site.html">Sitesummary tip: Listing computer hardware models used at site</a>
12833       </div>
12834       <div class="date">
12835          3rd June 2010
12836       </div>
12837       <div class="body">
12838         <p>When using sitesummary at a site to track machines, it is possible
12839 to get a list of the machine types in use thanks to the DMI
12840 information extracted from each machine.  The script to do so is
12841 included in the sitesummary package, and here is example output from
12842 the Skolelinux build servers:</p>
12843
12844 <blockquote><pre>
12845 maintainer:~# /usr/lib/sitesummary/hardware-model-summary
12846   vendor                    count
12847   Dell Computer Corporation     1
12848     PowerEdge 1750              1
12849   IBM                           1
12850     eserver xSeries 345 -[8670M1X]-     1
12851   Intel                         2
12852   [no-dmi-info]                 3
12853 maintainer:~#
12854 </pre></blockquote>
12855
12856 <p>The quality of the report depend on the quality of the DMI tables
12857 provided in each machine.  Here there are Intel machines without model
12858 information listed with Intel as vendor and no model, and virtual Xen
12859 machines listed as [no-dmi-info].  One can add -l as a command line
12860 option to list the individual machines.</p>
12861
12862 <p>A larger list is
12863 <a href="http://narvikskolen.no/sitesummary/">available from the the
12864 city of Narvik</a>, which uses Skolelinux on all their shools and also
12865 provide the basic sitesummary report publicly.  In their report there
12866 are ~1400 machines. I know they use both Ubuntu and Skolelinux on
12867 their machines, and as sitesummary is available in both distributions,
12868 it is trivial to get all of them to report to the same central
12869 collector.</p>
12870
12871       </div>
12872       <div class="tags">
12873
12874
12875         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
12876
12877
12878       </div>
12879     </div>
12880     <div class="padding"></div>
12881
12882     <div class="entry">
12883       <div class="title">
12884         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/KDM_fail_at_boot_with_NVidia_cards___and_no_one_try_to_fix_it_.html">KDM fail at boot with NVidia cards - and no one try to fix it?</a>
12885       </div>
12886       <div class="date">
12887          1st June 2010
12888       </div>
12889       <div class="body">
12890         <p>It is strange to watch how a bug in Debian causing KDM to fail to
12891 start at boot when an NVidia video card is used is handled.  The
12892 problem seem to be that the nvidia X.org driver uses a long time to
12893 initialize, and this duration is longer than kdm is configured to
12894 wait.</p>
12895
12896 <p>I came across two bugs related to this issue,
12897 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/583312">#583312</a> initially filed
12898 against initscripts and passed on to nvidia-glx when it became obvious
12899 that the nvidia drivers were involved, and
12900 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/524751">#524751</a> initially filed against
12901 kdm and passed on to src:nvidia-graphics-drivers for unknown reasons.</p>
12902
12903 <p>To me, it seem that no-one is interested in actually solving the
12904 problem nvidia video card owners experience and make sure the Debian
12905 distribution work out of the box for these users.  The nvidia driver
12906 maintainers expect kdm to be set up to wait longer, while kdm expect
12907 the nvidia driver maintainers to fix the driver to start faster, and
12908 while they wait for each other I guess the users end up switching to a
12909 distribution that work for them.  I have no idea what the solution is,
12910 but I am pretty sure that waiting for each other is not it.</p>
12911
12912 <p>I wonder why we end up handling bugs this way.</p>
12913
12914       </div>
12915       <div class="tags">
12916
12917
12918         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
12919
12920
12921       </div>
12922     </div>
12923     <div class="padding"></div>
12924
12925     <div class="entry">
12926       <div class="title">
12927         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Parallellized_boot_seem_to_hold_up_well_in_Debian_testing.html">Parallellized boot seem to hold up well in Debian/testing</a>
12928       </div>
12929       <div class="date">
12930         27th May 2010
12931       </div>
12932       <div class="body">
12933         <p>A few days ago, parallel booting was enabled in Debian/testing.
12934 The feature seem to hold up pretty well, but three fairly serious
12935 issues are known and should be solved:
12936
12937 <p><ul>
12938
12939 <li>The wicd package seen to
12940 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/508289">break NFS mounting</a> and
12941 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/581586">network setup</a> when
12942 parallel booting is enabled.  No idea why, but the wicd maintainer
12943 seem to be on the case.</li>
12944
12945 <li>The nvidia X driver seem to
12946 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/583312">have a race condition</a>
12947 triggered more easily when parallel booting is in effect.  The
12948 maintainer is on the case.</li>
12949
12950 <li>The sysv-rc package fail to properly enable dependency based boot
12951 sequencing (the shutdown is broken) when old file-rc users
12952 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/575080">try to switch back</a> to
12953 sysv-rc.  One way to solve it would be for file-rc to create
12954 /etc/init.d/.legacy-bootordering, and another is to try to make
12955 sysv-rc more robust.  Will investigate some more and probably upload a
12956 workaround in sysv-rc to help those trying to move from file-rc to
12957 sysv-rc get a working shutdown.</li>
12958
12959 </ul></p>
12960
12961 <p>All in all not many surprising issues, and all of them seem
12962 solvable before Squeeze is released.  In addition to these there are
12963 some packages with bugs in their dependencies and run level settings,
12964 which I expect will be fixed in a reasonable time span.</p>
12965
12966 <p>If you report any problems with dependencies in init.d scripts to
12967 the BTS, please usertag the report to get it to show up at
12968 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/pkgreport.cgi?users=initscripts-ng-devel@lists.alioth.debian.org">the
12969 list of usertagged bugs related to this</a>.</p>
12970
12971 <p>Update: Correct bug number to file-rc issue.</p>
12972
12973       </div>
12974       <div class="tags">
12975
12976
12977         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
12978
12979
12980       </div>
12981     </div>
12982     <div class="padding"></div>
12983
12984     <div class="entry">
12985       <div class="title">
12986         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/More_flexible_firmware_handling_in_debian_installer.html">More flexible firmware handling in debian-installer</a>
12987       </div>
12988       <div class="date">
12989         22nd May 2010
12990       </div>
12991       <div class="body">
12992         <p>After a long break from debian-installer development, I finally
12993 found time today to return to the project.  Having to spend less time
12994 working dependency based boot in debian, as it is almost complete now,
12995 definitely helped freeing some time.</p>
12996
12997 <p>A while back, I ran into a problem while working on Debian Edu.  We
12998 include some firmware packages on the Debian Edu CDs, those needed to
12999 get disk and network controllers working.  Without having these
13000 firmware packages available during installation, it is impossible to
13001 install Debian Edu on the given machine, and because our target group
13002 are non-technical people, asking them to provide firmware packages on
13003 an external medium is a support pain.  Initially, I expected it to be
13004 enough to include the firmware packages on the CD to get
13005 debian-installer to find and use them.  This proved to be wrong.
13006 Next, I hoped it was enough to symlink the relevant firmware packages
13007 to some useful location on the CD (tried /cdrom/ and
13008 /cdrom/firmware/).  This also proved to not work, and at this point I
13009 found time to look at the debian-installer code to figure out what was
13010 going to work.</p>
13011
13012 <p>The firmware loading code is in the hw-detect package, and a closer
13013 look revealed that it would only look for firmware packages outside
13014 the installation media, so the CD was never checked for firmware
13015 packages.  It would only check USB sticks, floppies and other
13016 "external" media devices.  Today I changed it to also look in the
13017 /cdrom/firmware/ directory on the mounted CD or DVD, which should
13018 solve the problem I ran into with Debian edu.  I also changed it to
13019 look in /firmware/, to make sure the installer also find firmware
13020 provided in the initrd when booting the installer via PXE, to allow us
13021 to provide the same feature in the PXE setup included in Debian
13022 Edu.</p>
13023
13024 <p>To make sure firmware deb packages with a license questions are not
13025 activated without asking if the license is accepted, I extended
13026 hw-detect to look for preinst scripts in the firmware packages, and
13027 run these before activating the firmware during installation.  The
13028 license question is asked using debconf in the preinst, so this should
13029 solve the issue for the firmware packages I have looked at so far.</p>
13030
13031 <p>If you want to discuss the details of these features, please
13032 contact us on debian-boot@lists.debian.org.</p>
13033
13034       </div>
13035       <div class="tags">
13036
13037
13038         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13039
13040
13041       </div>
13042     </div>
13043     <div class="padding"></div>
13044
13045     <div class="entry">
13046       <div class="title">
13047         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Pieces_of_the_roaming_laptop_puzzle_in_Debian.html">Pieces of the roaming laptop puzzle in Debian</a>
13048       </div>
13049       <div class="date">
13050         19th May 2010
13051       </div>
13052       <div class="body">
13053         <p>Today, the last piece of the puzzle for roaming laptops in Debian
13054 Edu finally entered the Debian archive.  Today, the new
13055 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/libp/libpam-mklocaluser.html">libpam-mklocaluser</a>
13056 package was accepted.  Two days ago, two other pieces was accepted
13057 into unstable.  The
13058 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/p/pam-python.html">pam-python</a>
13059 package needed by libpam-mklocaluser, and the
13060 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/sssd.html">sssd</a> package
13061 passed NEW on Monday.  In addition, the
13062 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/libp/libpam-ccreds.html">libpam-ccreds</a>
13063 package we need is in experimental (version 10-4) since Saturday, and
13064 hopefully will be moved to unstable soon.</p>
13065
13066 <p>This collection of packages allow for two different setups for
13067 roaming laptops.  The traditional setup would be using libpam-ccreds,
13068 nscd and libpam-mklocaluser with LDAP or Kerberos authentication,
13069 which should work out of the box if the configuration changes proposed
13070 for nscd in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/485282">BTS report
13071 #485282</a> is implemented.  The alternative setup is to use sssd with
13072 libpam-mklocaluser to connect to LDAP or Kerberos and let sssd take
13073 care of the caching of passwords and group information.</p>
13074
13075 <p>I have so far been unable to get sssd to work with the LDAP server
13076 at the University, but suspect the issue is some SSL/GnuTLS related
13077 problem with the server certificate.  I plan to update the Debian
13078 package to version 1.2, which is scheduled for next week, and hope to
13079 find time to make sure the next release will include both the
13080 Debian/Ubuntu specific patches.  Upstream is friendly and responsive,
13081 and I am sure we will find a good solution.</p>
13082
13083 <p>The idea is to set up the roaming laptops to authenticate using
13084 LDAP or Kerberos and create a local user with home directory in /home/
13085 when a usre in LDAP logs in via KDM or GDM for the first time, and
13086 cache the password for offline checking, as well as caching group
13087 memberhips and other relevant LDAP information.  The
13088 libpam-mklocaluser package was created to make sure the local home
13089 directory is in /home/, instead of /site/server/directory/ which would
13090 be the home directory if pam_mkhomedir was used.  To avoid confusion
13091 with support requests and configuration, we do not want local laptops
13092 to have users in a path that is used for the same users home directory
13093 on the home directory servers.</p>
13094
13095 <p>One annoying problem with gdm is that it do not show the PAM
13096 message passed to the user from libpam-mklocaluser when the local user
13097 is created.  Instead gdm simply reject the login with some generic
13098 message.  The message is shown in kdm, ssh and login, so I guess it is
13099 a bug in gdm.  Have not investigated if there is some other message
13100 type that can be used instead to get gdm to also show the message.</p>
13101
13102 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
13103 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
13104
13105       </div>
13106       <div class="tags">
13107
13108
13109         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13110
13111
13112       </div>
13113     </div>
13114     <div class="padding"></div>
13115
13116     <div class="entry">
13117       <div class="title">
13118         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Parallellized_boot_is_now_the_default_in_Debian_unstable.html">Parallellized boot is now the default in Debian/unstable</a>
13119       </div>
13120       <div class="date">
13121         14th May 2010
13122       </div>
13123       <div class="body">
13124         <p>Since this evening, parallel booting is the default in
13125 Debian/unstable for machines using dependency based boot sequencing.
13126 Apparently the testing of concurrent booting has been wider than
13127 expected, if I am to believe the
13128 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-devel/2010/05/msg00122.html">input
13129 on debian-devel@</a>, and I concluded a few days ago to move forward
13130 with the feature this weekend, to give us some time to detect any
13131 remaining problems before Squeeze is frozen.  If serious problems are
13132 detected, it is simple to change the default back to sequential boot.
13133 The upload of the new sysvinit package also activate a new upstream
13134 version.</p>
13135
13136 More information about
13137 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/LSBInitScripts/DependencyBasedBoot">dependency
13138 based boot sequencing</a> is available from the Debian wiki.  It is
13139 currently possible to disable parallel booting when one run into
13140 problems caused by it, by adding this line to /etc/default/rcS:</p>
13141
13142 <blockquote><pre>
13143 CONCURRENCY=none
13144 </pre></blockquote>
13145
13146 <p>If you report any problems with dependencies in init.d scripts to
13147 the BTS, please usertag the report to get it to show up at
13148 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/pkgreport.cgi?users=initscripts-ng-devel@lists.alioth.debian.org">the
13149 list of usertagged bugs related to this</a>.</p>
13150
13151       </div>
13152       <div class="tags">
13153
13154
13155         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13156
13157
13158       </div>
13159     </div>
13160     <div class="padding"></div>
13161
13162     <div class="entry">
13163       <div class="title">
13164         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Sitesummary_tip__Listing_MAC_address_of_all_clients.html">Sitesummary tip: Listing MAC address of all clients</a>
13165       </div>
13166       <div class="date">
13167         14th May 2010
13168       </div>
13169       <div class="body">
13170         <p>In the recent Debian Edu versions, the
13171 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/SiteSummary">sitesummary
13172 system</a> is used to keep track of the machines in the school
13173 network.  Each machine will automatically report its status to the
13174 central server after boot and once per night.  The network setup is
13175 also reported, and using this information it is possible to get the
13176 MAC address of all network interfaces in the machines.  This is useful
13177 to update the DHCP configuration.</p>
13178
13179 <p>To give some idea how to use sitesummary, here is a one-liner to
13180 ist all MAC addresses of all machines reporting to sitesummary.  Run
13181 this on the collector host:</p>
13182
13183 <blockquote><pre>
13184 perl -MSiteSummary -e 'for_all_hosts(sub { print join(" ", get_macaddresses(shift)), "\n"; });'
13185 </pre></blockquote>
13186
13187 <p>This will list all MAC addresses assosiated with all machine, one
13188 line per machine and with space between the MAC addresses.</p>
13189
13190 <p>To allow system administrators easier job at adding static DHCP
13191 addresses for hosts, it would be possible to extend this to fetch
13192 machine information from sitesummary and update the DHCP and DNS
13193 tables in LDAP using this information.  Such tool is unfortunately not
13194 written yet.</p>
13195
13196       </div>
13197       <div class="tags">
13198
13199
13200         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
13201
13202
13203       </div>
13204     </div>
13205     <div class="padding"></div>
13206
13207     <div class="entry">
13208       <div class="title">
13209         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Forcing_new_users_to_change_their_password_on_first_login.html">Forcing new users to change their password on first login</a>
13210       </div>
13211       <div class="date">
13212          2nd May 2010
13213       </div>
13214       <div class="body">
13215         <p>One interesting feature in Active Directory, is the ability to
13216 create a new user with an expired password, and thus force the user to
13217 change the password on the first login attempt.</p>
13218
13219 <p>I'm not quite sure how to do that with the LDAP setup in Debian
13220 Edu, but did some initial testing with a local account.  The account
13221 and password aging information is available in /etc/shadow, but
13222 unfortunately, it is not possible to specify an expiration time for
13223 passwords, only a maximum age for passwords.</p>
13224
13225 <p>A freshly created account (using adduser test) will have these
13226 settings in /etc/shadow:</p>
13227
13228 <blockquote><pre>
13229 root@tjener:~# chage -l test
13230 Last password change                                    : May 02, 2010
13231 Password expires                                        : never
13232 Password inactive                                       : never
13233 Account expires                                         : never
13234 Minimum number of days between password change          : 0
13235 Maximum number of days between password change          : 99999
13236 Number of days of warning before password expires       : 7
13237 root@tjener:~#
13238 </pre></blockquote>
13239
13240 <p>The only way I could come up with to create a user with an expired
13241 account, is to change the date of the last password change to the
13242 lowest value possible (January 1th 1970), and the maximum password age
13243 to the difference in days between that date and today.  To make it
13244 simple, I went for 30 years (30 * 365 = 10950) and January 2th (to
13245 avoid testing if 0 is a valid value).</p>
13246
13247 <p>After using these commands to set it up, it seem to work as
13248 intended:</p>
13249
13250 <blockquote><pre>
13251 root@tjener:~# chage -d 1 test; chage -M 10950 test
13252 root@tjener:~# chage -l test
13253 Last password change                                    : Jan 02, 1970
13254 Password expires                                        : never
13255 Password inactive                                       : never
13256 Account expires                                         : never
13257 Minimum number of days between password change          : 0
13258 Maximum number of days between password change          : 10950
13259 Number of days of warning before password expires       : 7
13260 root@tjener:~#
13261 </pre></blockquote>
13262
13263 <p>So far I have tested this with ssh and console, and kdm (in
13264 Squeeze) login, and all ask for a new password before login in the
13265 user (with ssh, I was thrown out and had to log in again).</p>
13266
13267 <p>Perhaps we should set up something similar for Debian Edu, to make
13268 sure only the user itself have the account password?</p>
13269
13270 <p>If you want to comment on or help out with implementing this for
13271 Debian Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
13272
13273 <p>Update 2010-05-02 17:20: Paul Tötterman tells me on IRC that the
13274 shadow(8) page in Debian/testing now state that setting the date of
13275 last password change to zero (0) will force the password to be changed
13276 on the first login.  This was not mentioned in the manual in Lenny, so
13277 I did not notice this in my initial testing.  I have tested it on
13278 Squeeze, and '<tt>chage -d 0 username</tt>' do work there.  I have not
13279 tested it on Lenny yet.</p>
13280
13281 <p>Update 2010-05-02-19:05: Jim Paris tells me via email that an
13282 equivalent command to expire a password is '<tt>passwd -e
13283 username</tt>', which insert zero into the date of the last password
13284 change.</p>
13285
13286       </div>
13287       <div class="tags">
13288
13289
13290         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet</a>.
13291
13292
13293       </div>
13294     </div>
13295     <div class="padding"></div>
13296
13297     <div class="entry">
13298       <div class="title">
13299         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Thoughts_on_roaming_laptop_setup_for_Debian_Edu.html">Thoughts on roaming laptop setup for Debian Edu</a>
13300       </div>
13301       <div class="date">
13302         28th April 2010
13303       </div>
13304       <div class="body">
13305         <p>For some years now, I have wondered how we should handle laptops in
13306 Debian Edu.  The Debian Edu infrastructure is mostly designed to
13307 handle stationary computers, and less suited for computers that come
13308 and go.</p>
13309
13310 <p>Now I finally believe I have an sensible idea on how to adjust
13311 Debian Edu for laptops, by introducing a new profile for them, for
13312 example called Roaming Workstations.  Here are my thought on this.
13313 The setup would consist of the following:</p>
13314
13315 <ul>
13316
13317  <li>During installation, the user name of the owner / primary user of
13318    the laptop is requested and a local home directory is set up for
13319    the user, with uid and gid information fetched from the LDAP
13320    server.  This allow the user to work also when offline.  The
13321    central home directory can be available in a subdirectory on
13322    request, for example mounted via CIFS.  It could be mounted
13323    automatically when a user log in while on the Debian Edu network,
13324    and unmounted when the machine is taken away (network down,
13325    hibernate, etc), it can be set up to do automatic mounting on
13326    request (using autofs), or perhaps some GUI button on the desktop
13327    can be used to access it when needed.  Perhaps it is enough to use
13328    the fish protocol in KDE?</li>
13329
13330  <li>Password checking is set up to use LDAP or Kerberos
13331    authentication when the machine is on the Debian Edu network, and
13332    to cache the password for offline checking when the machine unable
13333    to reach the LDAP or Kerberos server.  This can be done using
13334    <a href="http://www.padl.com/OSS/pam_ccreds.html">libpam-ccreds</a>
13335    or the Fedora developed
13336    <a href="https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/SSSD">System
13337    Security Services Daemon</a> packages.</li>
13338
13339  <li>File synchronisation with the central home directory is set up
13340    using a shared directory in both the local and the central home
13341    directory, using unison.</li>
13342
13343  <li>Printing should be set up to print to all printers broadcasting
13344    their existence on the local network, and should then work out of
13345    the box with CUPS.  For sites needing accurate printer quotas, some
13346    system with Kerberos authentication or printing via ssh could be
13347    implemented.</li>
13348
13349  <li>For users that should have local root access to their laptop,
13350    sudo should be used to allow this to the local user.</li>
13351
13352  <li>It would be nice if user and group information from LDAP is
13353    cached on the client, but given that there are entries for the
13354    local user and primary group in /etc/, it should not be needed.</li>
13355
13356 </ul>
13357
13358 <p>I believe all the pieces to implement this are in Debian/testing at
13359 the moment.  If we work quickly, we should be able to get this ready
13360 in time for the Squeeze release to freeze.  Some of the pieces need
13361 tweaking, like libpam-ccreds should get support for pam-auth-update
13362 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/566718">#566718</a>) and nslcd (or
13363 perhaps debian-edu-config) should get some integration code to stop
13364 its daemon when the LDAP server is unavailable to avoid long timeouts
13365 when disconnected from the net.  If we get Kerberos enabled, we need
13366 to make sure we avoid long timeouts there too.</p>
13367
13368 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
13369 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
13370
13371       </div>
13372       <div class="tags">
13373
13374
13375         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13376
13377
13378       </div>
13379     </div>
13380     <div class="padding"></div>
13381
13382     <div class="entry">
13383       <div class="title">
13384         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Kerberos_for_Debian_Edu_Squeeze_.html">Kerberos for Debian Edu/Squeeze?</a>
13385       </div>
13386       <div class="date">
13387         14th April 2010
13388       </div>
13389       <div class="body">
13390         <p><a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20100413-kerberos/">Yesterdays
13391 NUUG presentation</a> about Kerberos was inspiring, and reminded me
13392 about the need to start using Kerberos in Skolelinux.  Setting up a
13393 Kerberos server seem to be straight forward, and if we get this in
13394 place a long time before the Squeeze version of Debian freezes, we
13395 have a chance to migrate Skolelinux away from NFSv3 for the home
13396 directories, and over to an architecture where the infrastructure do
13397 not have to trust IP addresses and machines, and instead can trust
13398 users and cryptographic keys instead.</p>
13399
13400 <p>A challenge will be integration and administration.  Is there a
13401 Kerberos implementation for Debian where one can control the
13402 administration access in Kerberos using LDAP groups?  With it, the
13403 school administration will have to maintain access control using flat
13404 files on the main server, which give a huge potential for errors.</p>
13405
13406 <p>A related question I would like to know is how well Kerberos and
13407 pam-ccreds (offline password check) work together.  Anyone know?</p>
13408
13409 <p>Next step will be to use Kerberos for access control in Lwat and
13410 Nagios.  I have no idea how much work that will be to implement.  We
13411 would also need to document how to integrate with Windows AD, as such
13412 shared network will require two Kerberos realms that need to cooperate
13413 to work properly.</p>
13414
13415 <p>I believe a good start would be to start using Kerberos on the
13416 skolelinux.no machines, and this way get ourselves experience with
13417 configuration and integration.  A natural starting point would be
13418 setting up ldap.skolelinux.no as the Kerberos server, and migrate the
13419 rest of the machines from PAM via LDAP to PAM via Kerberos one at the
13420 time.</p>
13421
13422 <p>If you would like to contribute to get this working in Skolelinux,
13423 I recommend you to see the video recording from yesterdays NUUG
13424 presentation, and start using Kerberos at home.  The video show show
13425 up in a few days.</p>
13426
13427       </div>
13428       <div class="tags">
13429
13430
13431         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13432
13433
13434       </div>
13435     </div>
13436     <div class="padding"></div>
13437
13438     <div class="entry">
13439       <div class="title">
13440         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/After_6_years_of_waiting__the_Xreset_d_feature_is_implemented.html">After 6 years of waiting, the Xreset.d feature is implemented</a>
13441       </div>
13442       <div class="date">
13443          6th March 2010
13444       </div>
13445       <div class="body">
13446         <p>6 years ago, as part of the Debian Edu development I am involved
13447 in, I asked for a hook in the kdm and gdm setup to run scripts as root
13448 when the user log out.  A bug was submitted against the xfree86-common
13449 package in 2004 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/230422">#230422</a>),
13450 and revisited every time Debian Edu was working on a new release.
13451 Today, this finally paid off.</p>
13452
13453 <p>The framework for this feature was today commited to the git
13454 repositry for the xorg package, and the git repository for xdm has
13455 been updated to use this framework.  Next on my agenda is to make sure
13456 kdm and gdm also add code to use this framework.</p>
13457
13458 <p>In Debian Edu, we want to ability to run commands as root when the
13459 user log out, to get rid of runaway processes and do general cleanup
13460 after a user.  With this framework in place, we finally can do that in
13461 a generic way that work with all display managers using this
13462 framework.  My goal is to get all display managers in Debian use it,
13463 similar to how they use the Xsession.d framework today.<p>
13464
13465       </div>
13466       <div class="tags">
13467
13468
13469         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13470
13471
13472       </div>
13473     </div>
13474     <div class="padding"></div>
13475
13476     <div class="entry">
13477       <div class="title">
13478         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Lenny_released__work_continues.html">Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Lenny released, work continues</a>
13479       </div>
13480       <div class="date">
13481         11th February 2010
13482       </div>
13483       <div class="body">
13484         <p>On Tuesday, the Debian/Lenny based version of
13485 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> was finally
13486 shipped.  This was a major leap forward for the project, and I am very
13487 pleased that we finally got the release wrapped up.  Work on the first
13488 point release starts imediately, as we plan to get that one out a
13489 month after the major release, to include all fixes for bugs we found
13490 and fixed too late in the release process to include last Tuesday.</p>
13491
13492 <p>Perhaps it even is time for some partying?</p>
13493
13494 <p>After this first point release, my plan is to focus again on the
13495 next major release, based on Squeeze.  We will try to get as many of
13496 the fixes we need into the official Debian packages before the freeze,
13497 and have just a few weeks or months to make it happen.</p>
13498
13499       </div>
13500       <div class="tags">
13501
13502
13503         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13504
13505
13506       </div>
13507     </div>
13508     <div class="padding"></div>
13509
13510     <div class="entry">
13511       <div class="title">
13512         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_Munin_and_Nagios_configuration.html">Automatic Munin and Nagios configuration</a>
13513       </div>
13514       <div class="date">
13515         27th January 2010
13516       </div>
13517       <div class="body">
13518         <p>One of the new features in the next Debian/Lenny based release of
13519 Debian Edu/Skolelinux, which is scheduled for release in the next few
13520 days, is automatic configuration of the service monitoring system
13521 Nagios.  The previous release had automatic configuration of trend
13522 analysis using Munin, and this Lenny based release take that a step
13523 further.</p>
13524
13525 <p>When installing a Debian Edu Main-server, it is automatically
13526 configured as a Munin and Nagios server.  In addition, it is
13527 configured to be a server for the
13528 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/SiteSummary">SiteSummary
13529 system</a> I have written for use in Debian Edu.  The SiteSummary
13530 system is inspired by a system used by the University of Oslo where I
13531 work.  In short, the system provide a centralised collector of
13532 information about the computers on the network, and a client on each
13533 computer submitting information to this collector.  This allow for
13534 automatic information on which packages are installed on each machine,
13535 which kernel the machines are using, what kind of configuration the
13536 packages got etc.  This also allow us to automatically generate Munin
13537 and Nagios configuration.</p>
13538
13539 <p>All computers reporting to the sitesummary collector with the
13540 munin-node package installed is automatically enabled as a Munin
13541 client and graphs from the statistics collected from that machine show
13542 up automatically on http://www/munin/ on the Main-server.</p>
13543
13544 <p>All non-laptop computers reporting to the sitesummary collector are
13545 automatically monitored for network presence (ping and any network
13546 services detected).  In addition, all computers (also laptops) with
13547 the nagios-nrpe-server package installed and configured the way
13548 sitesummary would configure it, are monitored for full disks, software
13549 raid status, swap free and other checks that need to run locally on
13550 the machine.</p>
13551
13552 <p>The result is that the administrator on a school using Debian Edu
13553 based on Lenny will be able to check the health of his installation
13554 with one look at the Nagios settings, without having to spend any time
13555 keeping the Nagios configuration up-to-date.</p>
13556
13557 <p>The only configuration one need to do to get Nagios up and running
13558 is to set the password used to get access via HTTP.  The system
13559 administrator need to run "<tt>htpasswd /etc/nagios3/htpasswd.users
13560 nagiosadmin</tt>" to create a nagiosadmin user and set a password for
13561 it to be able to log into the Nagios web pages.  After that,
13562 everything is taken care of.</p>
13563
13564       </div>
13565       <div class="tags">
13566
13567
13568         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
13569
13570
13571       </div>
13572     </div>
13573     <div class="padding"></div>
13574
13575     <div class="entry">
13576       <div class="title">
13577         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Opphavet_til_Skolelinux_prosjektet.html">Opphavet til Skolelinux-prosjektet</a>
13578       </div>
13579       <div class="date">
13580         17th December 2009
13581       </div>
13582       <div class="body">
13583         <p>De færreste er klar over at Skolelinux-prosjektet kom som et resultat
13584 av en avgjørelse på årsmøtet i
13585 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">NUUG</a> i 2000-06-29, der Håkon Wium
13586 Lie, da varamedlem i styret, tok på seg oppdraget om å starte et
13587 initiativ kalt "Teach the Teacher", som skulle være et initiativ for
13588 å få fri programvare og unix-lignende operativsystemer inn i Skolen.
13589 Tanken var at en måtte starte med lærerne for at ungene skulle få
13590 mulighet til å møte en bedre IT-hverdag.  Jeg var tilstede på
13591 møtet, og hadde sans for ideen, men intet skjedde.  På vårparten
13592 2001 ble det arrangert en demonstrasjon i anledning at First Tuesday
13593 hadde invitert Microsoft til et møte for å fortelle om fremtidens
13594 Internet.  Dette provoserte endel av oss, og EFN og NUUG tok initiativ
13595 til å arrangere
13596 <a href="http://www.digi.no/60982/first-tuesday-mote-med-microsoft-protest">en
13597 demonstrasjon utenfor lokalene 2001-05-21</a>.  Blant de som sto bak
13598 demonstrasjonen var Vidar Bakke fra NUUG og Håkon W. Lie fra EFN.
13599 Etter demonstrasjonen arrangerte Håkon en fest hjemme hos seg der alle
13600 som hadde vært aktive i demonstrasjonsplanlegging og gjennomføringen
13601 deltok.  Før festen var jeg blitt lei av å vente på at Håkon skulle ta
13602 initiativ til "Teach the Teacher", og for å forsøke å få litt fremgang
13603 besteme jeg meg for å benytte anledningen hos Håkon til å snakke om
13604 behovet for å hjelpe skolene i gang med bedre datasystemer bestående
13605 av fri programvare og unix-lignende operativsystemer.  Flere var
13606 interessert, og Knut Yrvin tenkte på ideen.  Han
13607 <a href="http://developer.skolelinux.no/brev/2001-06-28-invitasjon-skolelinux.txt">ropte
13608 sammen</a> til et stiftelsesmøte i prosjektet i sin arbeidsgivers
13609 Objectwares lokaler ved Ullevål stadion 2001-07-02, og jeg ble med.
13610 Resten er historie. :)</p>
13611
13612       </div>
13613       <div class="tags">
13614
13615
13616         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13617
13618
13619       </div>
13620     </div>
13621     <div class="padding"></div>
13622
13623     <div class="entry">
13624       <div class="title">
13625         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_operativt_webbasert_medlemsregister_for_Fri_programvare_i_skolen.html">Endelig operativt webbasert medlemsregister for Fri programvare i skolen</a>
13626       </div>
13627       <div class="date">
13628          2nd November 2009
13629       </div>
13630       <div class="body">
13631         <p>Under helgens utviklersamling i
13632 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.no/">Skolelinux</a> fikk jeg endelig
13633 satt meg ned sammen med Ronny Aasen i styret for å få et webbasert
13634 medlemsregister tilbake på plass for foreningen som passer på
13635 skolelinuxprosjektet.  Etter flere års knot og problemer, er nå
13636 memberdb satt opp og klart til bruk.  Import av det gamle
13637 medlemsregisteret har vist seg vanskelig, så alle medlemmer bes om å
13638 registrere seg på nytt.  Hvis du støtter FRiSKs formål så er du
13639 hjertelig velkommen til
13640 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">å melde deg
13641 inn</a>. Formålet lyder:</p>
13642
13643 <blockquote>Linux i skolen skal tilrettelegge for og informere om bruk
13644 av fri programvare, i henhold til Debian Free Software Guidelines av
13645 2002-02-03, i den norske skolen, slik som f.eks. Linux og
13646 GNU.</blockquote>
13647
13648       </div>
13649       <div class="tags">
13650
13651
13652         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
13653
13654
13655       </div>
13656     </div>
13657     <div class="padding"></div>
13658
13659     <div class="entry">
13660       <div class="title">
13661         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Returning_from_Skolelinux_developer_gathering.html">Returning from Skolelinux developer gathering</a>
13662       </div>
13663       <div class="date">
13664         29th March 2009
13665       </div>
13666       <div class="body">
13667         <p>I'm sitting on the train going home from this weekends Debian
13668 Edu/Skolelinux development gathering.  I got a bit done tuning the
13669 desktop, and looked into the dynamic service location protocol
13670 implementation avahi.  It look like it could be useful for us.  Almost
13671 30 people participated, and I believe it was a great environment to
13672 get to know the Skolelinux system.  Walter Bender, involved in the
13673 development of the Sugar educational platform, presented his stuff and
13674 also helped me improve my OLPC installation.  He also showed me that
13675 his Turtle Art application can be used in standalone mode, and we
13676 agreed that I would help getting it packaged for Debian.  As a
13677 standalone application it would be great for Debian Edu.  We also
13678 tried to get the video conferencing working with two OLPCs, but that
13679 proved to be too hard for us.  The application seem to need more work
13680 before it is ready for me.  I look forward to getting home and relax
13681 now. :)</p>
13682
13683       </div>
13684       <div class="tags">
13685
13686
13687         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13688
13689
13690       </div>
13691     </div>
13692     <div class="padding"></div>
13693
13694     <div class="entry">
13695       <div class="title">
13696         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">Time for new  LDAP schemas replacing RFC 2307?</a>
13697       </div>
13698       <div class="date">
13699         29th March 2009
13700       </div>
13701       <div class="body">
13702         <p>The state of standardized LDAP schemas on Linux is far from
13703 optimal.  There is RFC 2307 documenting one way to store NIS maps in
13704 LDAP, and a modified version of this normally called RFC 2307bis, with
13705 some modifications to be compatible with Active Directory.  The RFC
13706 specification handle the content of a lot of system databases, but do
13707 not handle DNS zones and DHCP configuration.</p>
13708
13709 <p>In <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux</a>,
13710 we would like to store information about users, SMB clients/hosts,
13711 filegroups, netgroups (users and hosts), DHCP and DNS configuration,
13712 and LTSP configuration in LDAP.  These objects have a lot in common,
13713 but with the current LDAP schemas it is not possible to have one
13714 object per entity.  For example, one need to have at least three LDAP
13715 objects for a given computer, one with the SMB related stuff, one with
13716 DNS information and another with DHCP information.  The schemas
13717 provided for DNS and DHCP are impossible to combine into one LDAP
13718 object.  In addition, it is impossible to implement quick queries for
13719 netgroup membership, because of the way NIS triples are implemented.
13720 It just do not scale.  I believe it is time for a few RFC
13721 specifications to cleam up this mess.</p>
13722
13723 <p>I would like to have one LDAP object representing each computer in
13724 the network, and this object can then keep the SMB (ie host key), DHCP
13725 (mac address/name) and DNS (name/IP address) settings in one place.
13726 It need to be efficently stored to make sure it scale well.</p>
13727
13728 <p>I would also like to have a quick way to map from a user or
13729 computer and to the net group this user or computer is a member.</p>
13730
13731 <p>Active Directory have done a better job than unix heads like myself
13732 in this regard, and the unix side need to catch up.  Time to start a
13733 new IETF work group?</p>
13734
13735       </div>
13736       <div class="tags">
13737
13738
13739         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13740
13741
13742       </div>
13743     </div>
13744     <div class="padding"></div>
13745
13746     <div class="entry">
13747       <div class="title">
13748         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_er_Debian_Lenny_gitt_ut.html">Endelig er Debian Lenny gitt ut</a>
13749       </div>
13750       <div class="date">
13751         15th February 2009
13752       </div>
13753       <div class="body">
13754         <p>Endelig er <a href="http://www.debian.org/">Debian</a>
13755 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2009/20090214">Lenny</a> gitt ut.
13756 Et langt steg videre for Debian-prosjektet, og en rekke nye
13757 programpakker blir nå tilgjengelig for de av oss som bruker den
13758 stabile utgaven av Debian.  Neste steg er nå å få
13759 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> /
13760 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/">Debian Edu</a> ferdig
13761 oppdatert for den nye utgaven, slik at en oppdatert versjon kan
13762 slippes løs på skolene.  Takk til alle debian-utviklerne som har
13763 gjort dette mulig.  Endelig er f.eks. fungerende avhengighetsstyrt
13764 bootsekvens tilgjengelig i stabil utgave, vha pakken
13765 <tt>insserv</tt>.</p>
13766
13767       </div>
13768       <div class="tags">
13769
13770
13771         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
13772
13773
13774       </div>
13775     </div>
13776     <div class="padding"></div>
13777
13778     <div class="entry">
13779       <div class="title">
13780         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_norsk_stavekontroll_med_st_tte_for_ord_med_bindestrek.html">Endelig norsk stavekontroll med støtte for ord med bindestrek</a>
13781       </div>
13782       <div class="date">
13783         26th December 2008
13784       </div>
13785       <div class="body">
13786         <p>Etter flere års mislykkede forsøk på å skrive om byggesystemet for
13787 <a href="http://no.speling.org/">den norske stavekontrollen for bokmål
13788 og nynorsk</a> til å ikke bruke bindestrek som ordskillemarkør, lyktes jeg
13789 endelig første juledag.  Bruken av bindestrek som ordskillemarkør har
13790 gjort det umulig å få med ord med bindestrek i
13791 stavekontrolldatagrunnlaget, slik at ord som e-post og CD-spiller ikke
13792 kunne godtas av stavekontrollen.  Hadde litt tid til overs å bruke på
13793 stavekontrollen, og satte meg ned med to kopier av byggsystemet og en
13794 liten testdatafil, og byttet ut - med = på utvalgte steder i
13795 byggsystemet og datafilen helt til jeg fikk samme resultat med det
13796 gamle og det nye byggsystemet.  Dette tror jeg var forsøk 4, der de
13797 foregående har feilet uten at jeg klarte å forstå hvorfor.  Det sier
13798 kanskje litt om kompleksiteten i det originale byggsystemet som Rune
13799 Kleveland laget i sin tid.</p>
13800
13801 <p>Etter å ha endret byggsystemet, var neste steg å importere ordene
13802 med bindestrek.  Vi har en rekke slike i databasene for
13803 <a href="http://tyge.sslug.dk/~korsvoll/nb.speling.org/htdocs/">bokmål</a>
13804 og
13805 <a href="http://tyge.sslug.dk/~korsvoll/nn.speling.org/htdocs/">nynorsk</a>
13806 for korrektur av datagrunnlaget for stavekontrollen, og etter importen
13807 skulle nå 10350 nye ord bli godkjent som korrekt stavede ord av
13808 stavekontrollen.</p>
13809
13810       </div>
13811       <div class="tags">
13812
13813
13814         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
13815
13816
13817       </div>
13818     </div>
13819     <div class="padding"></div>
13820
13821     <div class="entry">
13822       <div class="title">
13823         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Devcamp_brought_us_closer_to_the_Lenny_based_Debian_Edu_release.html">Devcamp brought us closer to the Lenny based Debian Edu release</a>
13824       </div>
13825       <div class="date">
13826          7th December 2008
13827       </div>
13828       <div class="body">
13829         <p>This weekend we had a small developer gathering for Debian Edu in
13830 Oslo.  Most of Saturday was used for the general assemly for the
13831 member organization, but the rest of the weekend I used to tune the
13832 LTSP installation.  LTSP now work out of the box on the 10-network.
13833 Acer Aspire One proved to be a very nice thin client, with both
13834 screen, mouse and keybard in a small box.  Was working on getting the
13835 diskless workstation setup configured out of the box, but did not
13836 finish it before the weekend was up.</p>
13837
13838 <p>Did not find time to look at the 4 VGA cards in one box we got from
13839 the Brazilian group, so that will have to wait for the next
13840 development gathering.  Would love to have the Debian Edu installer
13841 automatically detect and configure a multiseat setup when it find one
13842 of these cards.</p>
13843
13844       </div>
13845       <div class="tags">
13846
13847
13848         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp</a>.
13849
13850
13851       </div>
13852     </div>
13853     <div class="padding"></div>
13854
13855     <div class="entry">
13856       <div class="title">
13857         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_sorry_state_of_multimedia_browser_plugins_in_Debian.html">The sorry state of multimedia browser plugins in Debian</a>
13858       </div>
13859       <div class="date">
13860         25th November 2008
13861       </div>
13862       <div class="body">
13863         <p>Recently I have spent some time evaluating the multimedia browser
13864 plugins available in Debian Lenny, to see which one we should use by
13865 default in Debian Edu.  We need an embedded video playing plugin with
13866 control buttons to pause or stop the video, and capable of streaming
13867 all the multimedia content available on the web.  The test results and
13868 notes are available on
13869 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/BrowserMultimedia">the
13870 Debian wiki</a>.  I was surprised how few of the plugins are able to
13871 fill this need.  My personal video player favorite, VLC, has a really
13872 bad plugin which fail on a lot of the test pages.  A lot of the MIME
13873 types I would expect to work with any free software player (like
13874 video/ogg), just do not work.  And simple formats like the
13875 audio/x-mplegurl format (m3u playlists), just isn't supported by the
13876 totem and vlc plugins.  I hope the situation will improve soon.  No
13877 wonder sites use the proprietary Adobe flash to play video.</p>
13878
13879 <p>For Lenny, we seem to end up with the mplayer plugin.  It seem to
13880 be the only one fitting our needs. :/</p>
13881
13882       </div>
13883       <div class="tags">
13884
13885
13886         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
13887
13888
13889       </div>
13890     </div>
13891     <div class="padding"></div>
13892
13893     <p style="text-align: right;"><a href="debian edu.rss"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/xml.gif" alt="RSS Feed" width="36" height="14" /></a></p>
13894     <div id="sidebar">
13895
13896
13897
13898 <h2>Archive</h2>
13899 <ul>
13900
13901 <li>2014
13902 <ul>
13903
13904 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/01/">January (2)</a></li>
13905
13906 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/02/">February (3)</a></li>
13907
13908 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/03/">March (8)</a></li>
13909
13910 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/04/">April (7)</a></li>
13911
13912 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/05/">May (1)</a></li>
13913
13914 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/06/">June (2)</a></li>
13915
13916 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/07/">July (2)</a></li>
13917
13918 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/08/">August (2)</a></li>
13919
13920 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/09/">September (4)</a></li>
13921
13922 </ul></li>
13923
13924 <li>2013
13925 <ul>
13926
13927 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/01/">January (11)</a></li>
13928
13929 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/02/">February (9)</a></li>
13930
13931 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/03/">March (9)</a></li>
13932
13933 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/04/">April (6)</a></li>
13934
13935 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/05/">May (9)</a></li>
13936
13937 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/06/">June (10)</a></li>
13938
13939 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/07/">July (7)</a></li>
13940
13941 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/08/">August (3)</a></li>
13942
13943 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/09/">September (5)</a></li>
13944
13945 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/10/">October (7)</a></li>
13946
13947 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/11/">November (9)</a></li>
13948
13949 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/12/">December (3)</a></li>
13950
13951 </ul></li>
13952
13953 <li>2012
13954 <ul>
13955
13956 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/01/">January (7)</a></li>
13957
13958 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/02/">February (10)</a></li>
13959
13960 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/03/">March (17)</a></li>
13961
13962 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/04/">April (12)</a></li>
13963
13964 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/05/">May (12)</a></li>
13965
13966 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/06/">June (20)</a></li>
13967
13968 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/07/">July (17)</a></li>
13969
13970 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/08/">August (6)</a></li>
13971
13972 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/09/">September (9)</a></li>
13973
13974 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/10/">October (17)</a></li>
13975
13976 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/11/">November (10)</a></li>
13977
13978 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/12/">December (7)</a></li>
13979
13980 </ul></li>
13981
13982 <li>2011
13983 <ul>
13984
13985 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/01/">January (16)</a></li>
13986
13987 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/02/">February (6)</a></li>
13988
13989 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/03/">March (6)</a></li>
13990
13991 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/04/">April (7)</a></li>
13992
13993 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/05/">May (3)</a></li>
13994
13995 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/06/">June (2)</a></li>
13996
13997 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/07/">July (7)</a></li>
13998
13999 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/08/">August (6)</a></li>
14000
14001 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/09/">September (4)</a></li>
14002
14003 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/10/">October (2)</a></li>
14004
14005 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/11/">November (3)</a></li>
14006
14007 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/12/">December (1)</a></li>
14008
14009 </ul></li>
14010
14011 <li>2010
14012 <ul>
14013
14014 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/01/">January (2)</a></li>
14015
14016 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/02/">February (1)</a></li>
14017
14018 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/03/">March (3)</a></li>
14019
14020 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/04/">April (3)</a></li>
14021
14022 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/05/">May (9)</a></li>
14023
14024 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/06/">June (14)</a></li>
14025
14026 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/07/">July (12)</a></li>
14027
14028 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/08/">August (13)</a></li>
14029
14030 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/09/">September (7)</a></li>
14031
14032 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/10/">October (9)</a></li>
14033
14034 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/11/">November (13)</a></li>
14035
14036 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/12/">December (12)</a></li>
14037
14038 </ul></li>
14039
14040 <li>2009
14041 <ul>
14042
14043 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/01/">January (8)</a></li>
14044
14045 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/02/">February (8)</a></li>
14046
14047 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/03/">March (12)</a></li>
14048
14049 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/04/">April (10)</a></li>
14050
14051 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/05/">May (9)</a></li>
14052
14053 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/06/">June (3)</a></li>
14054
14055 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/07/">July (4)</a></li>
14056
14057 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/08/">August (3)</a></li>
14058
14059 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/09/">September (1)</a></li>
14060
14061 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/10/">October (2)</a></li>
14062
14063 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/11/">November (3)</a></li>
14064
14065 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/12/">December (3)</a></li>
14066
14067 </ul></li>
14068
14069 <li>2008
14070 <ul>
14071
14072 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/11/">November (5)</a></li>
14073
14074 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/12/">December (7)</a></li>
14075
14076 </ul></li>
14077
14078 </ul>
14079
14080
14081
14082 <h2>Tags</h2>
14083 <ul>
14084
14085  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/3d-printer">3d-printer (13)</a></li>
14086
14087  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/amiga">amiga (1)</a></li>
14088
14089  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/aros">aros (1)</a></li>
14090
14091  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bankid">bankid (4)</a></li>
14092
14093  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bitcoin">bitcoin (8)</a></li>
14094
14095  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem (14)</a></li>
14096
14097  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bsa">bsa (2)</a></li>
14098
14099  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/chrpath">chrpath (2)</a></li>
14100
14101  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian (102)</a></li>
14102
14103  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu (149)</a></li>
14104
14105  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/digistan">digistan (10)</a></li>
14106
14107  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/dld">dld (15)</a></li>
14108
14109  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook (12)</a></li>
14110
14111  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/drivstoffpriser">drivstoffpriser (4)</a></li>
14112
14113  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english (254)</a></li>
14114
14115  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fiksgatami">fiksgatami (21)</a></li>
14116
14117  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fildeling">fildeling (12)</a></li>
14118
14119  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture (13)</a></li>
14120
14121  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freedombox">freedombox (8)</a></li>
14122
14123  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/frikanalen">frikanalen (11)</a></li>
14124
14125  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju (41)</a></li>
14126
14127  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram (9)</a></li>
14128
14129  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kart">kart (19)</a></li>
14130
14131  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap (9)</a></li>
14132
14133  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker (8)</a></li>
14134
14135  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp (1)</a></li>
14136
14137  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/mesh network">mesh network (8)</a></li>
14138
14139  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia (30)</a></li>
14140
14141  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk (248)</a></li>
14142
14143  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug (162)</a></li>
14144
14145  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn (11)</a></li>
14146
14147  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/open311">open311 (2)</a></li>
14148
14149  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett (48)</a></li>
14150
14151  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern (75)</a></li>
14152
14153  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/raid">raid (1)</a></li>
14154
14155  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reactos">reactos (1)</a></li>
14156
14157  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reprap">reprap (11)</a></li>
14158
14159  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rfid">rfid (3)</a></li>
14160
14161  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/robot">robot (9)</a></li>
14162
14163  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rss">rss (1)</a></li>
14164
14165  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ruter">ruter (4)</a></li>
14166
14167  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/scraperwiki">scraperwiki (2)</a></li>
14168
14169  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet (41)</a></li>
14170
14171  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary (4)</a></li>
14172
14173  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/skepsis">skepsis (4)</a></li>
14174
14175  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard (45)</a></li>
14176
14177  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll (3)</a></li>
14178
14179  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stortinget">stortinget (9)</a></li>
14180
14181  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance (26)</a></li>
14182
14183  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sysadmin">sysadmin (1)</a></li>
14184
14185  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/valg">valg (8)</a></li>
14186
14187  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video (43)</a></li>
14188
14189  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/vitenskap">vitenskap (4)</a></li>
14190
14191  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web (33)</a></li>
14192
14193 </ul>
14194
14195
14196     </div>
14197     <p style="text-align: right">
14198  Created by <a href="http://steve.org.uk/Software/chronicle">Chronicle v4.6</a>
14199 </p>
14200
14201   </body>
14202 </html>