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  13  <h1>
  14      <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/">Petter Reinholdtsen</a>
  15
  16  </h1>
  17
  18 </div>
  19
  20
  21     <h3>Entries tagged "debian edu".</h3>
  22
  23     <div class="entry">
  24       <div class="title">
  25         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_new__best__multimedia_player_in_Debian_.html">The new "best" multimedia player in Debian?</a>
  26       </div>
  27       <div class="date">
  28          6th June 2016
  29       </div>
  30       <div class="body">
  31         <p>When I set out a few weeks ago to figure out
  32 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/What_is_the_best_multimedia_player_in_Debian_.html">which
  33 multimedia player in Debian claimed to support most file formats /
  34 MIME types</a>, I was a bit surprised how varied the sets of MIME types
  35 the various players claimed support for.  The range was from 55 to 130
  36 MIME types.  I suspect most media formats are supported by all
  37 players, but this is not really reflected in the MimeTypes values in
  38 their desktop files.  There are probably also some bogus MIME types
  39 listed, but it is hard to identify which one this is.</p>
  40
  41 <p>Anyway, in the mean time I got in touch with upstream for some of
  42 the players suggesting to add more MIME types to their desktop files,
  43 and decided to spend some time myself improving the situation for my
  44 favorite media player VLC.  The fixes for VLC entered Debian unstable
  45 yesterday. The complete list of MIME types can be seen on the
  46 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianMultimedia/PlayerSupport">Multimedia
  47 player MIME type support status</a> Debian wiki page.</p>
  48
  49 <p>The new "best" multimedia player in Debian?  It is VLC, followed by
  50 totem, parole, kplayer, gnome-mpv, mpv, smplayer, mplayer-gui and
  51 kmplayer.  I am sure some of the other players desktop files support
  52 several of the formats currently listed as working only with vlc,
  53 toten and parole.</p>
  54
  55 <p>A sad observation is that only 14 MIME types are listed as
  56 supported by all the tested multimedia players in Debian in their
  57 desktop files: audio/mpeg, audio/vnd.rn-realaudio, audio/x-mpegurl,
  58 audio/x-ms-wma, audio/x-scpls, audio/x-wav, video/mp4, video/mpeg,
  59 video/quicktime, video/vnd.rn-realvideo, video/x-matroska,
  60 video/x-ms-asf, video/x-ms-wmv and video/x-msvideo.  Personally I find
  61 it sad that video/ogg and video/webm is not supported by all the media
  62 players in Debian.  As far as I can tell, all of them can handle both
  63 formats.</p>
  64
  65       </div>
  66       <div class="tags">
  67
  68
  69         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
  70
  71
  72       </div>
  73     </div>
  74     <div class="padding"></div>
  75
  76     <div class="entry">
  77       <div class="title">
  78         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/What_is_the_best_multimedia_player_in_Debian_.html">What is the best multimedia player in Debian?</a>
  79       </div>
  80       <div class="date">
  81          8th May 2016
  82       </div>
  83       <div class="body">
  84         <p><strong>Where I set out to figure out which multimedia player in
  85 Debian claim support for most file formats.</strong></p>
  86
  87 <p>A few years ago, I had a look at the media support for Browser
  88 plugins in Debian, to get an idea which plugins to include in Debian
  89 Edu.  I created a script to extract the set of supported MIME types
  90 for each plugin, and used this to find out which multimedia browser
  91 plugin supported most file formats / media types.
  92 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/BrowserMultimedia">The
  93 result</a> can still be seen on the Debian wiki, even though it have
  94 not been updated for a while.  But browser plugins are less relevant
  95 these days, so I thought it was time to look at standalone
  96 players.</p>
  97
  98 <p>A few days ago I was tired of VLC not being listed as a viable
  99 player when I wanted to play videos from the Norwegian National
 100 Broadcasting Company, and decided to investigate why.  The cause is a
 101 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/822245">missing MIME type in the VLC
 102 desktop file</a>.  In the process I wrote a script to compare the set
 103 of MIME types announced in the desktop file and the browser plugin,
 104 only to discover that there is quite a large difference between the
 105 two for VLC.  This discovery made me dig up the script I used to
 106 compare browser plugins, and adjust it to compare desktop files
 107 instead, to try to figure out which multimedia player in Debian
 108 support most file formats.</p>
 109
 110 <p>The result can be seen on the Debian Wiki, as
 111 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianMultimedia/PlayerSupport">a
 112 table listing all MIME types supported by one of the packages included
 113 in the table</a>, with the package supporting most MIME types being
 114 listed first in the table.</p>
 115
 116 </p>The best multimedia player in Debian?  It is totem, followed by
 117 parole, kplayer, mpv, vlc, smplayer mplayer-gui gnome-mpv and
 118 kmplayer.  Time for the other players to update their announced MIME
 119 support?</p>
 120
 121       </div>
 122       <div class="tags">
 123
 124
 125         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
 126
 127
 128       </div>
 129     </div>
 130     <div class="padding"></div>
 131
 132     <div class="entry">
 133       <div class="title">
 134         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ny_utgave__v2_2__av_den_frie_norske_stavekontrollen_gitt_ut.html">Ny utgave (v2.2) av den frie norske stavekontrollen gitt ut</a>
 135       </div>
 136       <div class="date">
 137         15th April 2016
 138       </div>
 139       <div class="body">
 140         <p>I dag tok jeg mot til meg og pakket sammen en ny versjon av den
 141 frie norske stavekontrollen, ca. tre og et halvt år etter forrige
 142 gang.  Resultatet kan lastes ned fra
 143 <a href="http://no.speling.org/">no.speling.org-prosjeksiden</a>, både
 144 som kildekodepakke og som "pack"-fil som kanskje fortsatt kan brukes
 145 av OpenOffice.org/LibreOffice.  Byggesystemet trenger oppussing, men i
 146 denne omgang hadde jeg bare tid til å fikse byggefeil forårsaket av
 147 endringer i GNU grep.  De øvrige endringene var gjort tidligere i
 148 påvente av en ny utgave.</p>
 149
 150 <p><strong>Her er det som er nytt (fra NEWS-fila i
 151 kildekodepakken):</strong></p>
 152
 153 <p>Release 2.2 (2016-04-15)</p>
 154
 155 <ul>
 156
 157  <li>Rewrite how scripts/speling2words handle tripple consonants, to
 158    avoid importing duplicate words from no.speling.org, and getting
 159    rid of the existing duplicates in norsk.words.</li>
 160  <li>Remove duplicate entries with tripple consonants from norsk.words.</li>
 161  <li>Update frequency for entries in norsk.words based on
 162    <URL:http://helmer.aksis.uib.no/nta/ordlistf.zip> (ran 'make
 163    freq-update').</li>
 164  <li>Correct nn ispell build, avoid crash in munchlist causing lots of
 165    words to fall out of the database.</li>
 166  <li>Use grep -a to convince grep it is working on text files, to work
 167    with newer grep versions.</li>
 168
 169  <li>Remove some words disputed in the no.speling.org review process:
 170    <ul>
 171     <li>apparent (nb)</li>
 172     <li>likke (nb)</li>
 173     <li>ugjest, ugjesten, ugjestens (nb)</li>
 174  </ul></li>
 175
 176 </ul>
 177
 178       </div>
 179       <div class="tags">
 180
 181
 182         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
 183
 184
 185       </div>
 186     </div>
 187     <div class="padding"></div>
 188
 189     <div class="entry">
 190       <div class="title">
 191         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_GNU_General_Public_License_is_not_magic_pixie_dust.html">The GNU General Public License is not magic pixie dust</a>
 192       </div>
 193       <div class="date">
 194         30th November 2015
 195       </div>
 196       <div class="body">
 197         <p>A blog post from my fellow Debian developer Paul Wise titled
 198 "<a href="http://bonedaddy.net/pabs3/log/2015/11/27/sfc-supporter/">The
 199 GPL is not magic pixie dust</a>" explain the importance of making sure
 200 the <a href="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html">GPL</a> is enforced.
 201 I quote the blog post from Paul in full here with his permission:<p>
 202
 203 <blockquote>
 204
 205 <p><a href="https://sfconservancy.org/supporter/"><img src="https://sfconservancy.org/img/supporter-badge.png" width="194" height="90" alt="Become a Software Freedom Conservancy Supporter!" align="right" border="0" /></a></p>
 206
 207 <blockquote>
 208 The GPL is not magic pixie dust. It does not work by itself.<br/>
 209
 210 The first step is to choose a
 211 <a href="https://copyleft.org/">copyleft</a> license for your
 212 code.<br/>
 213
 214 The next step is, when someone fails to follow that copyleft license,
 215 <b>it must be enforced</b><br/>
 216
 217 and its a simple fact of our modern society that such type of
 218 work<br/>
 219
 220 is incredibly expensive to do and incredibly difficult to do.
 221 </blockquote>
 222
 223 <p><small>-- <a href="http://ebb.org/bkuhn/">Bradley Kuhn</a>, in
 224 <a href="http://faif.us/" title="Free as in Freedom">FaiF</a>
 225 <a href="http://faif.us/cast/2015/nov/24/0x57/">episode
 226 0x57</a></small></p>
 227
 228 <p>As the Debian Website
 229 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/794116">used</a>
 230 <a href="https://anonscm.debian.org/viewvc/webwml/webwml/english/intro/free.wml?r1=1.24&amp;r2=1.25">to</a>
 231 imply, public domain and permissively licensed software can lead to
 232 the production of more proprietary software as people discover useful
 233 software, extend it and or incorporate it into their hardware or
 234 software products.  Copyleft licenses such as the GNU GPL were created
 235 to close off this avenue to the production of proprietary software but
 236 such licenses are not enough.  With the ongoing adoption of Free
 237 Software by individuals and groups, inevitably the community's
 238 expectations of license compliance are violated, usually out of
 239 ignorance of the way Free Software works, but not always.  As Karen
 240 and Bradley explained in <a href="http://faif.us/" title="Free as in
 241 Freedom">FaiF</a>
 242 <a href="http://faif.us/cast/2015/nov/24/0x57/">episode 0x57</a>,
 243 copyleft is nothing if no-one is willing and able to stand up in court
 244 to protect it.  The reality of today's world is that legal
 245 representation is expensive, difficult and time consuming.  With
 246 <a href="http://gpl-violations.org/">gpl-violations.org</a> in hiatus
 247 <a href="http://gpl-violations.org/news/20151027-homepage-recovers/">until</a>
 248 some time in 2016, the <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/">Software
 249 Freedom Conservancy</a> (a tax-exempt charity) is the major defender
 250 of the Linux project, Debian and other groups against GPL violations.
 251 In March the SFC supported a
 252 <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/news/2015/mar/05/vmware-lawsuit/">lawsuit
 253 by Christoph Hellwig</a> against VMware for refusing to
 254 <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/linux-compliance/vmware-lawsuit-faq.html">comply
 255 with the GPL</a> in relation to their use of parts of the Linux
 256 kernel.  Since then two of their sponsors pulled corporate funding and
 257 conferences
 258 <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/blog/2015/nov/24/faif-carols-fundraiser/">blocked
 259 or cancelled their talks</a>.  As a result they have decided to rely
 260 less on corporate funding and more on the broad community of
 261 individuals who support Free Software and copyleft.  So the SFC has
 262 <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/news/2015/nov/23/2015fundraiser/">launched</a>
 263 a <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/supporter/">campaign</a> to create
 264 a community of folks who stand up for copyleft and the GPL by
 265 supporting their work on promoting and supporting copyleft and Free
 266 Software.</p>
 267
 268 <p>If you support Free Software,
 269 <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/blog/2015/nov/26/like-what-I-do/">like</a>
 270 what the SFC do, agree with their
 271 <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/linux-compliance/principles.html">compliance
 272 principles</a>, are happy about their
 273 <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/supporter/">successes</a> in 2015,
 274 work on a project that is an SFC
 275 <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/members/current/">member</a> and or
 276 just want to stand up for copyleft, please join
 277 <a href="https://identi.ca/cwebber/image/JQGPA4qbTyyp3-MY8QpvuA">Christopher
 278 Allan Webber</a>,
 279 <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/blog/2015/nov/24/faif-carols-fundraiser/">Carol
 280 Smith</a>,
 281 <a href="http://www.jonobacon.org/2015/11/25/supporting-software-freedom-conservancy/">Jono
 282 Bacon</a>, myself and
 283 <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/sponsors/#supporters">others</a> in
 284 becoming a
 285 <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/supporter/">supporter</a>.  For the
 286 next week your donation will be
 287 <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/news/2015/nov/27/black-friday/">matched</a>
 288 by an anonymous donor.  Please also consider asking your employer to
 289 match your donation or become a sponsor of SFC.  Don't forget to
 290 spread the word about your support for SFC via email, your blog and or
 291 social media accounts.</p>
 292
 293 </blockquote>
 294
 295 <p>I agree with Paul on this topic and just signed up as a Supporter
 296 of Software Freedom Conservancy myself.  Perhaps you should be a
 297 supporter too?</p>
 298
 299       </div>
 300       <div class="tags">
 301
 302
 303         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett</a>.
 304
 305
 306       </div>
 307     </div>
 308     <div class="padding"></div>
 309
 310     <div class="entry">
 311       <div class="title">
 312         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Jessie_based_Debian_Edu_beta_release.html">First Jessie based Debian Edu beta release</a>
 313       </div>
 314       <div class="date">
 315         26th April 2015
 316       </div>
 317       <div class="body">
 318         <p>I am happy to report that the Debian Edu team sent out
 319 <a href="https://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2015/04/msg00000.html">this
 320 announcement today</a>:</p>
 321
 322 <pre>
 323 the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project is pleased to announce the first
 324 *beta* release of Debian Edu "Jessie" 8.0+edu0~b1, which for the first
 325 time is composed entirely of packages from the current Debian stable
 326 release, Debian 8 "Jessie".
 327
 328 (As most reading this will know, Debian "Jessie" hasn't actually been
 329 released by now. The release is still in progress but should finish
 330 later today ;)
 331
 332 We expect to make a final release of Debian Edu "Jessie" in the coming
 333 weeks, timed with the first point release of Debian Jessie. Upgrades
 334 from this beta release of Debian Edu Jessie to the final release will
 335 be possible and encouraged!
 336
 337 Please report feedback to debian-edu@lists.debian.org and/or submit
 338 bugs: http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs
 339
 340 Debian Edu - sometimes also known as "Skolelinux" - is a complete
 341 operating system for schools, universities and other
 342 organisations. Through its pre- prepared installation profiles
 343 administrators can install servers, workstations and laptops which
 344 will work in harmony on the school network.  With Debian Edu, the
 345 teachers themselves or their technical support staff can roll out a
 346 complete multi-user, multi-machine study environment within hours or
 347 days.
 348
 349 Debian Edu is already in use at several hundred schools all over the
 350 world, particularly in Germany, Spain and Norway. Installations come
 351 with hundreds of applications pre-installed, plus the whole Debian
 352 archive of thousands of compatible packages within easy reach.
 353
 354 For those who want to give Debian Edu Jessie a try, download and
 355 installation instructions are available, including detailed
 356 instructions in the manual explaining the first steps, such as setting
 357 up a network or adding users.  Please note that the password for the
 358 user your prompted for during installation must have a length of at
 359 least 5 characters!
 360
 361 == Where to download ==
 362
 363 A multi-architecture CD / usbstick image (649 MiB) for network booting
 364 can be downloaded at the following locations:
 365
 366     http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~b1-CD.iso
 367     rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~b1-CD.iso .
 368
 369 The SHA1SUM of this image is: 54a524d16246cddd8d2cfd6ea52f2dd78c47ee0a
 370
 371 Alternatively an extended DVD / usbstick image (4.9 GiB) is also
 372 available, with more software included (saving additional download
 373 time):
 374
 375     http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~b1-USB.iso
 376     rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~b1-USB.iso
 377
 378 The SHA1SUM of this image is: fb1f1504a490c077a48653898f9d6a461cb3c636
 379
 380 Sources are available from the Debian archive, see
 381 http://ftp.debian.org/debian-cd/8.0.0/source/ for some download
 382 options.
 383
 384 == Debian Edu Jessie manual in seven languages ==
 385
 386 Please see https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie/ for
 387 the English version of the Debian Edu jessie manual.
 388
 389 This manual has been fully translated to German, French, Italian,
 390 Danish, Dutch and Norwegian Bokmål. A partly translated version exists
 391 for Spanish.  See http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/ for
 392 online version of the translated manual.
 393
 394 More information about Debian 8 "Jessie" itself is provided in the
 395 release notes and the installation manual:
 396 - http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/releasenotes
 397 - http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/installmanual
 398
 399
 400 == Errata / known problems ==
 401
 402     It takes up to 15 minutes for a changed hostname to be updated via
 403     DHCP (#780461).
 404
 405     The hostname script fails to update LTSP server hostname (#783087).
 406
 407 Workaround: run update-hostname-from-ip on the client to update the
 408 hostname immediately.
 409
 410 Check https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie for a possibly
 411 more current and complete list.
 412
 413 == Some more details about Debian Edu 8.0+edu0~b1 Codename Jessie released 2015-04-25 ==
 414
 415 === Software updates ===
 416
 417 Everything which is new in Debian 8 Jessie, e.g.:
 418
 419  * Linux kernel 3.16.7-ctk9; for the i386 architecture, support for
 420    i486 processors has been dropped; oldest supported ones: i586 (like
 421    Intel Pentium and AMD K5).
 422
 423  * Desktop environments KDE Plasma Workspaces 4.11.13, GNOME 3.14,
 424    Xfce 4.12, LXDE 0.5.6
 425    * new optional desktop environment: MATE 1.8
 426    * KDE Plasma Workspaces is installed by default; to choose one of
 427      the others see the manual.
 428  * the browsers Iceweasel 31 ESR and Chromium 41
 429  * LibreOffice 4.3.3
 430  * GOsa 2.7.4
 431  * LTSP 5.5.4
 432  * CUPS print system 1.7.5
 433  * new boot framework: systemd
 434  * Educational toolbox GCompris 14.12
 435  * Music creator Rosegarden 14.02
 436  * Image editor Gimp 2.8.14
 437  * Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.13.1
 438  * golearn 0.9
 439  * tuxpaint 0.9.22
 440  * New version of debian-installer from Debian Jessie.
 441  * Debian Jessie includes about 43000 packages available for installation.
 442  * More information about Debian 8 Jessie is provided in its release
 443    notes and the installation manual, see the link above.
 444
 445 === Installation changes ===
 446
 447     Installations done via PXE now also install firmware automatically
 448     for the hardware present.
 449
 450 === Fixed bugs ===
 451
 452 A number of bugs have been fixed in this release; the most noticeable
 453 from a user perspective:
 454
 455  * Inserting incorrect DNS information in Gosa will no longer break
 456    DNS completely, but instead stop DNS updates until the incorrect
 457    information is corrected (710362)
 458
 459  * shutdown-at-night now shuts the system down if gdm3 is used (775608).
 460
 461 === Sugar desktop removed ===
 462
 463 As the Sugar desktop was removed from Debian Jessie, it is also not
 464 available in Debian Edu jessie.
 465
 466
 467 == About Debian Edu / Skolelinux ==
 468
 469 Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux, is a Linux distribution based on
 470 Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
 471 configured school network. Directly after installation a school server
 472 running all services needed for a school network is set up just
 473 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
 474 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
 475 initial installation of the main server from CD or USB stick all other
 476 machines can be installed via the network. The provided school server
 477 provides LDAP database and Kerberos authentication service,
 478 centralized home directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other
 479 services.  The desktop contains more than 60 educational software
 480 packages and more are available from the Debian archive, and schools
 481 can choose between KDE, GNOME, LXDE, Xfce and MATE desktop
 482 environment.
 483
 484 == About Debian ==
 485
 486 The Debian Project was founded in 1993 by Ian Murdock to be a truly
 487 free community project. Since then the project has grown to be one of
 488 the largest and most influential open source projects. Thousands of
 489 volunteers from all over the world work together to create and
 490 maintain Debian software. Available in 70 languages, and supporting a
 491 huge range of computer types, Debian calls itself the universal
 492 operating system.
 493
 494 == Thanks ==
 495
 496 Thanks to everyone making Debian and Debian Edu / Skolelinux happen!
 497 You rock.
 498 </pre>
 499
 500       </div>
 501       <div class="tags">
 502
 503
 504         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 505
 506
 507       </div>
 508     </div>
 509     <div class="padding"></div>
 510
 511     <div class="entry">
 512       <div class="title">
 513         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Shirish_Agarwal.html">Debian Edu interview: Shirish Agarwal</a>
 514       </div>
 515       <div class="date">
 516         15th April 2015
 517       </div>
 518       <div class="body">
 519         <p>It was a surprise to me to learn that project to create a complete
 520 computer system for schools I've involved in,
 521 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>, was
 522 being used in India.  But apparently it is, and I managed to get an
 523 interview with one of the friends of the project there, Shirish
 524 Agarwal.</p>
 525
 526 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
 527
 528 <p>My name is Shirish Agarwal. Based out of the educational and
 529 historical city of Pune, from the western state of Maharashtra, India.
 530 My bread comes from giving training, giving policy tips,
 531 installations on free software to mom and pop shops in different
 532 fields from Desktop publishing to retail shops as well as work with
 533 few software start-ups as well.</p>
 534
 535 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
 536 project?</strong></p>
 537
 538 <p>It started innocently enough. I have been using Debian for a few
 539 years and in one local minidebconf / debutsav I was asked if there was
 540 anything for schools or education. I had worked / played with free
 541 educational softwares such as Gcompris and Stellarium for my many
 542 nieces and nephews so researched and found Debian Edu or Skolelinux as
 543 it was known then.  Since then I have started using the various
 544 education meta-packages provided by the project.</p>
 545
 546 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 547 Edu?</strong></p>
 548
 549 <p>It's closest I have seen where a package full of educational
 550 software are packed, which are free and open (both literally and
 551 figuratively).  Even if I take the simplest software which is
 552 gcompris, the number of activities therein are amazing. Another one of
 553 the softwares that I have liked for a long time is stellarium. Even
 554 pysycache is cool except for couple of issues I encountered
 555 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/781841">#781841</a> and
 556 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/781842">#781842</a>.</p>
 557
 558 <p>I prefer software installed on the system over web based solutions,
 559 as a web site can disappear any time but the software on disk has the
 560 possibility of a larger life span.  Of course with both it's more a
 561 question if it has enough users who make it fun or sustainable or both
 562 for the developer per-se.</p>
 563
 564 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 565 Edu?</strong></p>
 566
 567 <p>I do see that the Debian Edu team seems to be short-handed and I
 568 think more efforts should be made to make it popular and ask and take
 569 help from people and the larger community wherever possible.</p>
 570
 571 <p>I don't see any disadvantage to use Skolelinux apart from the fact
 572 that most apps. are generic which is good or bad how you see it.
 573 However, saying that I do acknowledge the fact that the canvas is
 574 pretty big and there are lot of interesting ideas that could be done
 575 but for reasons not known not done or if done I don't know about them.
 576 Let me share some of the ideas (these are more upstream based but
 577 still) I have had for a long time :</p>
 578
 579 <p>1. Classical maths question of two trains in opposing directions
 580 each running @x kmph/mph at y distance, when they will meet and how
 581 far would each travel and similar questions like these.
 582
 583 <p>The computer is a fantastic system where questions like these can
 584 be drawn, animated and the methodology and answers teased out in
 585 interactive manner. While sites such as the
 586 <a href="http://mathforum.org/dr.math/faq/faq.two.trains.html">Ask
 587 Dr. Math FAQ on The Two Trains problem</a> (as an example or point of
 588 inspiration) can be used there is lot more that can be done.  I dunno
 589 if there is a free software which does something like this.  The idea
 590 being a blend of objects + animation + interaction which does
 591 this. The whole interaction could be gamified with points or sounds or
 592 colourful celebration whenever the user gets even part of the question
 593 or/and methodology right. That would help reinforce good behaviour.
 594 This understanding could be used to share/showcase everything from how
 595 the first wheel came to be, to evolution to how astronomy started,
 596 psychics and everything in-between.</p>
 597
 598 <p>One specific idea in the train part was having the Linux mascot on
 599 one train and the BSD or GNU mascot on the other train and they
 600 meeting somewhere in-between. Characters from blender movies could
 601 also be used.</p>
 602
 603 <p>2. Loads of crossword-puzzles with reference to subjects: We have
 604 enormous data sets in Wikipedia and Wikitionary.  I don't think it
 605 should be a big job to design crossword puzzles. Using categories and
 606 sub-categories it should be doable to have Q&A single word answers
 607 from the existing data-sets. What would make it easy or hard could be
 608 the length of the word + existence of many or few vowels depending on
 609 the user's input.</p>
 610
 611 <p>3. Jigsaw puzzles - We already have a great software called
 612 palapeli with number of slicers making it pretty interesting. What
 613 needs to be done is to download large number of public domain and
 614 copyleft images, tease and use IPTC tags to categorise them into
 615 nature, history etc.  and let it loose. This could turn to be really
 616 huge collection of images. One source could be taken from
 617 commons.wikimedia.org, others could be huge collection of royalty-free
 618 stock photos. Potential is immense.</p>
 619
 620 <p>Apart from this, free software suffers in two directions, we lag
 621 both in development (of using new features per-se) and maintenance a
 622 lot.  This is more so in educational software as these applications
 623 need to be timely and the opportunity cost of missing deadlines is
 624 immense. If we are able to solve issues of funding for development and
 625 maintenance of such software I don't see any big difficulties. I know
 626 of few start-ups in and around India who would love to develop and
 627 maintain such software if funding issues could be solved.</p>
 628
 629 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
 630
 631 <p>That would be huge list. Some of the softwares are obviously apt,
 632 aptitude, debdelta, leafpad, the shell of course (zsh nowadays),
 633 quassel for IRC. In games I use shisen-sho while card-games are evenly
 634 between kpat and Aiselriot.  In desktops it's a tie between
 635 gnome-flashback and mate.</p>
 636
 637 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
 638 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
 639
 640 <p>I think it should first start with using specific FOSS apps. in
 641 whatever environment they are. If it's MS-Windows or Mac so be it.
 642 Once they are habitual with the apps. and there is buy-in from the
 643 school management then it could be installed anywhere. Most of the
 644 people now understand the concept of a repository because of the
 645 various online stores so it isn't hard to convince on that front.</p>
 646
 647 <p>What is harder is having enough people with technical skills and
 648 passion to service them. If you get buy-in from one or two teachers
 649 then ideas like above could also be asked to be done as a project as
 650 well.</p>
 651
 652 <p>I think where we fall short more than anything is in marketing. For
 653 instance, Debian has this whole range of fonts in its archive but
 654 there isn't even a page where all those different fonts in the La
 655 Ipsum format could be tried out for newcomers.</p>
 656
 657 <p>One of the issues faced constantly in installations is with updates
 658 and upgrades.  People have this myth that each update and upgrade
 659 means the user interface will / has to change. I have seen this
 660 innumerable times.  That perhaps is one of the reasons which browsers
 661 like Iceweasel / Firefox change user interfaces so much, not because
 662 it might be needed or be functional but because people believe that
 663 changed user interfaces are better. This, can easily be pointed with
 664 the user interfaces changed with almost every MS-Windows and Mac OS
 665 releases.</p>
 666
 667 <p>The problems with Debian Edu for deployment are many. The biggest
 668 is the huge gap between what is taught in schools and what Debian Edu
 669 is aimed at.
 670
 671 <p>Me and my friends did teach on week-ends in a government school for
 672 around 2 years, and
 673 <a href="https://flossexperiences.wordpress.com/2012/10/08/sharings/">gathered
 674 some experience</a> there.  Some of the things we learnt/discovered
 675 there was :</p>
 676
 677 <ol>
 678
 679   <li>Most of the teachers are very territorial about their subjects
 680    and they do not want you to teach anything out of the
 681    portion/syllabus given.</li>
 682
 683   <li>They want any activity on the system in accordance to whatever
 684    is in the syllabus.</li>
 685
 686   <li>There are huge barriers both with the English language and at
 687    times with objects or whatever. An example, let's say in gcompris
 688    you have objects falling down and you have to name them and let's
 689    say the falling object is a hat or a fedora hat, this would not be
 690    as recognizable as say a
 691    <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puneri_Pagadi">Puneri
 692    Pagdi</a> so there is need to inject local objects, words wherever
 693    possible. Especially for word-games there are so many hindi words
 694    which have become part of english vocabulary (for instance in
 695    parley), those could be made into a hinglish collection or
 696    something but that is something for upstream to do.</li>
 697
 698 </ol>
 699
 700       </div>
 701       <div class="tags">
 702
 703
 704         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
 705
 706
 707       </div>
 708     </div>
 709     <div class="padding"></div>
 710
 711     <div class="entry">
 712       <div class="title">
 713         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Jessie_based_Debian_Edu_released__alpha0_.html">First Jessie based Debian Edu released (alpha0)</a>
 714       </div>
 715       <div class="date">
 716         27th October 2014
 717       </div>
 718       <div class="body">
 719         <p>I am happy to report that I on behalf of the Debian Edu team just
 720 sent out
 721 <a href="https://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2014/10/msg00000.html">this
 722 announcement</a>:</p>
 723
 724 <pre>
 725 The Debian Edu Team is pleased to announce the release of Debian Edu
 726 Jessie 8.0+edu0~alpha0
 727
 728 Debian Edu is a complete operating system for schools. Through its
 729 various installation profiles you can install servers, workstations
 730 and laptops which will work together on the school network. With
 731 Debian Edu, the teachers themselves or their technical support can
 732 roll out a complete multi-user multi-machine study environment within
 733 hours or a few days. Debian Edu comes with hundreds of applications
 734 pre-installed, but you can always add more packages from Debian.
 735
 736 For those who want to give Debian Edu Jessie a try, download and
 737 installation instructions are available, including detailed
 738 instructions in the manual[1] explaining the first steps, such as
 739 setting up a network or adding users. Please note that the password
 740 for the user your prompted for during installation must have a length
 741 of at least 5 characters!
 742
 743  [1] &lt;URL: <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie">https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie</a> &gt;
 744
 745 Would you like to give your school's computer a longer life? Are you
 746 tired of sneaker administration, running from computer to computer
 747 reinstalling the operating system? Would you like to administrate all
 748 the computers in your school using only a couple of hours every week?
 749 Check out Debian Edu Jessie!
 750
 751 Skolelinux is used by at least two hundred schools all over the world,
 752 mostly in Germany and Norway.
 753
 754 About Debian Edu and Skolelinux
 755 ===============================
 756
 757 Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux[2], is a Linux distribution based
 758 on Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
 759 configured school network. Immediately after installation a school
 760 server running all services needed for a school network is set up just
 761 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
 762 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
 763 initial installation of the main server from CD or USB stick all other
 764 machines can be installed via the network.  The provided school server
 765 provides LDAP database and Kerberos authentication service,
 766 centralized home directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other
 767 services.  The desktop contains more than 60 educational software
 768 packages[3] and more are available from the Debian archive, and
 769 schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE, Xfce and MATE desktop
 770 environment.
 771
 772  [2] &lt;URL: <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">http://www.skolelinux.org/</a> &gt;
 773  [3] &lt;URL: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html</a> &gt;
 774
 775 Full release notes and manual
 776 =============================
 777
 778 Below the download URLs there is a list of some of the new features
 779 and bugfixes of Debian Edu 8.0+edu0~alpha0 Codename Jessie. The full
 780 list is part of the manual. (See the feature list in the manual[4] for
 781 the English version.) For some languages manual translations are
 782 available, see the manual translation overview[5].
 783
 784  [4] &lt;URL: <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie/Features">https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie/Features</a> &gt;
 785  [5] &lt;URL: <a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/">http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/</a> &gt;
 786
 787 Where to get it
 788 ---------------
 789
 790 To download the multiarch netinstall CD release (624 MiB) you can use
 791
 792  * <a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso</a>
 793  * <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso</a>
 794  * rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso .
 795
 796 The SHA1SUM of this image is: 361188818e036ce67280a572f757de82ebfeb095
 797
 798 New features for Debian Edu 8.0+edu0~alpha0 Codename Jessie released 2014-10-27
 799 ===============================================================================
 800
 801
 802 Installation changes
 803 --------------------
 804
 805  * PXE installation now installs firmware automatically for the hardware present.
 806
 807 Software updates
 808 ----------------
 809
 810 Everything which is new in Debian Jessie 8.0, eg:
 811
 812  * Linux kernel 3.16.x
 813  * Desktop environments KDE "Plasma" 4.11.12, GNOME 3.14, Xfce 4.10,
 814    LXDE 0.5.6 and MATE 1.8 (KDE "Plasma" is installed by default; to
 815    choose one of the others see manual.)
 816  * the browsers Iceweasel 31 ESR and Chromium 38
 817  * !LibreOffice 4.3.3
 818  * GOsa 2.7.4
 819  * LTSP 5.5.4
 820  * CUPS print system 1.7.5
 821  * new boot framework: systemd
 822  * Educational toolbox GCompris 14.07
 823  * Music creator Rosegarden 14.02
 824  * Image editor Gimp 2.8.14
 825  * Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.13.0
 826  * golearn 0.9
 827  * tuxpaint 0.9.22
 828  * New version of debian-installer from Debian Jessie.
 829  * Debian Jessie includes about 42000 packages available for
 830    installation.
 831  * More information about Debian Jessie 8.0 is provided in the release
 832    notes[6] and the installation manual[7].
 833
 834  [6] &lt;URL: <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/releasenotes">http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/releasenotes</a> &gt;
 835  [7] &lt;URL: <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/installmanual">http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/installmanual</a> &gt;
 836
 837 Fixed bugs
 838 ----------
 839
 840  * Inserting incorrect DNS information in Gosa will no longer break
 841    DNS completely, but instead stop DNS updates until the incorrect
 842    information is corrected (Debian bug #710362)
 843  * and many others.
 844
 845 Documentation and translation updates
 846 -------------------------------------
 847
 848  * The Debian Edu Jessie Manual is fully translated to German, French,
 849    Italian, Danish and Dutch. Partly translated versions exist for
 850    Norwegian Bokmal and Spanish.
 851
 852 Other changes
 853 -------------
 854
 855  * Due to new Squid settings, powering off or rebooting the main
 856    server takes more time.
 857  * To manage printers localhost:631 has to be used, currently www:631
 858    doesn't work.
 859
 860 Regressions / known problems
 861 ----------------------------
 862
 863  * Installing LTSP chroot fails with a bug related to eatmydata about
 864    exim4-config failing to run its postinst (see Debian bug #765694
 865    and Debian bug #762103).
 866  * Munin collection is not properly configured on clients (Debian bug
 867    #764594).  The fix is available in a newer version of munin-node.
 868  * PXE setup for Main Server and Thin Client Server setup does not
 869    work when installing on a machine without direct Internet access.
 870    Will be fixed when Debian bug #766960 is fixed in Jessie.
 871
 872 See the status page[8] for the complete list.
 873
 874  [8] &lt;URL: <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie">https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie</a> &gt;
 875
 876 How to report bugs
 877 ------------------
 878
 879 &lt;URL: <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a> &gt;
 880
 881 About Debian
 882 ============
 883
 884 The Debian Project was founded in 1993 by Ian Murdock to be a truly
 885 free community project. Since then the project has grown to be one of
 886 the largest and most influential open source projects. Thousands of
 887 volunteers from all over the world work together to create and
 888 maintain Debian software. Available in 70 languages, and supporting a
 889 huge range of computer types, Debian calls itself the universal
 890 operating system.
 891
 892 Contact Information
 893 For further information, please visit the Debian web pages[9] or send
 894 mail to press@debian.org.
 895
 896  [9] &lt;URL: <a href="http://www.debian.org/">http://www.debian.org/</a> &gt;
 897 </pre>
 898
 899       </div>
 900       <div class="tags">
 901
 902
 903         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 904
 905
 906       </div>
 907     </div>
 908     <div class="padding"></div>
 909
 910     <div class="entry">
 911       <div class="title">
 912         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_test_Debian_Edu_Jessie_despite_some_fatal_problems_with_the_installer.html">How to test Debian Edu Jessie despite some fatal problems with the installer</a>
 913       </div>
 914       <div class="date">
 915         26th September 2014
 916       </div>
 917       <div class="body">
 918         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
 919 project</a> provide a Linux solution for schools, including a
 920 powerful desktop with education software, a central server providing
 921 web pages, user database, user home directories, central login and PXE
 922 boot of both  clients without disk and the installation to install Debian
 923 Edu on machines with disk (and a few other services perhaps to small
 924 to mention here).  We in the Debian Edu team are currently working on
 925 the Jessie based version, trying to get everything in shape before the
 926 freeze, to avoid having to maintain our own package repository in the
 927 future.  The
 928 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie">current
 929 status</a> can be seen on the Debian wiki, and there is still heaps of
 930 work left.  Some fatal problems block testing, breaking the installer,
 931 but it is possible to work around these to get anyway.  Here is a
 932 recipe on how to get the installation limping along.</p>
 933
 934 <p>First, download the test ISO via
 935 <a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.no/cd-edu-testing-nolocal-netinst/debian-edu-amd64-i386-NETINST-1.iso">ftp</a>,
 936 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.no/cd-edu-testing-nolocal-netinst/debian-edu-amd64-i386-NETINST-1.iso">http</a>
 937 or rsync (use
 938 ftp.skolelinux.org::cd-edu-testing-nolocal-netinst/debian-edu-amd64-i386-NETINST-1.iso).
 939 The ISO build was broken on Tuesday, so we do not get a new ISO every
 940 12 hours or so, but thankfully the ISO we already got we are able to
 941 install with some tweaking.</p>
 942
 943 <p>When you get to the Debian Edu profile question, go to tty2
 944 (use Alt-Ctrl-F2), run</p>
 945
 946 <p><blockquote><pre>
 947 nano /usr/bin/edu-eatmydata-install
 948 </pre></blockquote></p>
 949
 950 <p>and add 'exit 0' as the second line, disabling the eatmydata
 951 optimization.  Return to the installation, select the profile you want
 952 and continue.  Without this change, exim4-config will fail to install
 953 due to a known bug in eatmydata.</p>
 954
 955 <p>When you get the grub question at the end, answer /dev/sda (or if
 956 this do not work, figure out what your correct value would be.  All my
 957 test machines need /dev/sda, so I have no advice if it do not fit
 958 your need.</p>
 959
 960 <p>If you installed a profile including a graphical desktop, log in as
 961 root after the initial boot from hard drive, and install the
 962 education-desktop-XXX metapackage.  XXX can be kde, gnome, lxde, xfce
 963 or mate.  If you want several desktop options, install more than one
 964 metapackage.  Once this is done, reboot and you should have a working
 965 graphical login screen.  This workaround should no longer be needed
 966 once the education-tasks package version 1.801 enter testing in two
 967 days.</p>
 968
 969 <p>I believe the ISO build will start working on two days when the new
 970 tasksel package enter testing and Steve McIntyre get a chance to
 971 update the debian-cd git repository.  The eatmydata, grub and desktop
 972 issues are already fixed in unstable and testing, and should show up
 973 on the ISO as soon as the ISO build start working again.  Well the
 974 eatmydata optimization is really just disabled.  The proper fix
 975 require an upload by the eatmydata maintainer applying the patch
 976 provided in bug <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/702711">#702711</a>.
 977 The rest have proper fixes in unstable.</p>
 978
 979 <p>I hope this get you going with the installation testing, as we are
 980 quickly running out of time trying to get our Jessie based
 981 installation ready before the distribution freeze in a month.</p>
 982
 983       </div>
 984       <div class="tags">
 985
 986
 987         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 988
 989
 990       </div>
 991     </div>
 992     <div class="padding"></div>
 993
 994     <div class="entry">
 995       <div class="title">
 996         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Speeding_up_the_Debian_installer_using_eatmydata_and_dpkg_divert.html">Speeding up the Debian installer using eatmydata and dpkg-divert</a>
 997       </div>
 998       <div class="date">
 999         16th September 2014
1000       </div>
1001       <div class="body">
1002         <p>The <a href="https://www.debian.org/">Debian</a> installer could be
1003 a lot quicker.  When we install more than 2000 packages in
1004 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a> using
1005 tasksel in the installer, unpacking the binary packages take forever.
1006 A part of the slow I/O issue was discussed in
1007 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/613428">bug #613428</a> about too
1008 much file system sync-ing done by dpkg, which is the package
1009 responsible for unpacking the binary packages.  Other parts (like code
1010 executed by postinst scripts) might also sync to disk during
1011 installation.  All this sync-ing to disk do not really make sense to
1012 me.  If the machine crash half-way through, I start over, I do not try
1013 to salvage the half installed system.  So the failure sync-ing is
1014 supposed to protect against, hardware or system crash, is not really
1015 relevant while the installer is running.</p>
1016
1017 <p>A few days ago, I thought of a way to get rid of all the file
1018 system sync()-ing in a fairly non-intrusive way, without the need to
1019 change the code in several packages.  The idea is not new, but I have
1020 not heard anyone propose the approach using dpkg-divert before.  It
1021 depend on the small and clever package
1022 <a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/eatmydata">eatmydata</a>, which
1023 uses LD_PRELOAD to replace the system functions for syncing data to
1024 disk with functions doing nothing, thus allowing programs to live
1025 dangerous while speeding up disk I/O significantly.  Instead of
1026 modifying the implementation of dpkg, apt and tasksel (which are the
1027 packages responsible for selecting, fetching and installing packages),
1028 it occurred to me that we could just divert the programs away, replace
1029 them with a simple shell wrapper calling
1030 "eatmydata&nbsp;$program&nbsp;$@", to get the same effect.
1031 Two days ago I decided to test the idea, and wrapped up a simple
1032 implementation for the Debian Edu udeb.</p>
1033
1034 <p>The effect was stunning.  In my first test it reduced the running
1035 time of the pkgsel step (installing tasks) from 64 to less than 44
1036 minutes (20 minutes shaved off the installation) on an old Dell
1037 Latitude D505 machine.  I am not quite sure what the optimised time
1038 would have been, as I messed up the testing a bit, causing the debconf
1039 priority to get low enough for two questions to pop up during
1040 installation.  As soon as I saw the questions I moved the installation
1041 along, but do not know how long the question were holding up the
1042 installation.  I did some more measurements using Debian Edu Jessie,
1043 and got these results.  The time measured is the time stamp in
1044 /var/log/syslog between the "pkgsel: starting tasksel" and the
1045 "pkgsel: finishing up" lines, if you want to do the same measurement
1046 yourself.  In Debian Edu, the tasksel dialog do not show up, and the
1047 timing thus do not depend on how quickly the user handle the tasksel
1048 dialog.</p>
1049
1050 <p><table>
1051
1052 <tr>
1053 <th>Machine/setup</th>
1054 <th>Original tasksel</th>
1055 <th>Optimised tasksel</th>
1056 <th>Reduction</th>
1057 </tr>
1058
1059 <tr>
1060 <td>Latitude D505 Main+LTSP LXDE</td>
1061 <td>64 min (07:46-08:50)</td>
1062 <td><44 min (11:27-12:11)</td>
1063 <td>>20 min 18%</td>
1064 </tr>
1065
1066 <tr>
1067 <td>Latitude D505 Roaming LXDE</td>
1068 <td>57 min (08:48-09:45)</td>
1069 <td>34 min (07:43-08:17)</td>
1070 <td>23 min 40%</td>
1071 </tr>
1072
1073 <tr>
1074 <td>Latitude D505 Minimal</td>
1075 <td>22 min (10:37-10:59)</td>
1076 <td>11 min (11:16-11:27)</td>
1077 <td>11 min 50%</td>
1078 </tr>
1079
1080 <tr>
1081 <td>Thinkpad X200 Minimal</td>
1082 <td>6 min (08:19-08:25)</td>
1083 <td>4 min (08:04-08:08)</td>
1084 <td>2 min 33%</td>
1085 </tr>
1086
1087 <tr>
1088 <td>Thinkpad X200 Roaming KDE</td>
1089 <td>19 min (09:21-09:40)</td>
1090 <td>15 min (10:25-10:40)</td>
1091 <td>4 min 21%</td>
1092 </tr>
1093
1094 </table></p>
1095
1096 <p>The test is done using a netinst ISO on a USB stick, so some of the
1097 time is spent downloading packages.  The connection to the Internet
1098 was 100Mbit/s during testing, so downloading should not be a
1099 significant factor in the measurement.  Download typically took a few
1100 seconds to a few minutes, depending on the amount of packages being
1101 installed.</p>
1102
1103 <p>The speedup is implemented by using two hooks in
1104 <a href="https://www.debian.org/devel/debian-installer/">Debian
1105 Installer</a>, the pre-pkgsel.d hook to set up the diverts, and the
1106 finish-install.d hook to remove the divert at the end of the
1107 installation.  I picked the pre-pkgsel.d hook instead of the
1108 post-base-installer.d hook because I test using an ISO without the
1109 eatmydata package included, and the post-base-installer.d hook in
1110 Debian Edu can only operate on packages included in the ISO.  The
1111 negative effect of this is that I am unable to activate this
1112 optimization for the kernel installation step in d-i.  If the code is
1113 moved to the post-base-installer.d hook, the speedup would be larger
1114 for the entire installation.</p>
1115
1116 <p>I've implemented this in the
1117 <a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/debian-edu-install">debian-edu-install</a>
1118 git repository, and plan to provide the optimization as part of the
1119 Debian Edu installation.  If you want to test this yourself, you can
1120 create two files in the installer (or in an udeb).  One shell script
1121 need do go into /usr/lib/pre-pkgsel.d/, with content like this:</p>
1122
1123 <p><blockquote><pre>
1124 #!/bin/sh
1125 set -e
1126 . /usr/share/debconf/confmodule
1127 info() {
1128     logger -t my-pkgsel "info: $*"
1129 }
1130 error() {
1131     logger -t my-pkgsel "error: $*"
1132 }
1133 override_install() {
1134     apt-install eatmydata || true
1135     if [ -x /target/usr/bin/eatmydata ] ; then
1136         for bin in dpkg apt-get aptitude tasksel ; do
1137             file=/usr/bin/$bin
1138             # Test that the file exist and have not been diverted already.
1139             if [ -f /target$file ] ; then
1140                 info "diverting $file using eatmydata"
1141                 printf "#!/bin/sh\neatmydata $bin.distrib \"\$@\"\n" \
1142                     > /target$file.edu
1143                 chmod 755 /target$file.edu
1144                 in-target dpkg-divert --package debian-edu-config \
1145                     --rename --quiet --add $file
1146                 ln -sf ./$bin.edu /target$file
1147             else
1148                 error "unable to divert $file, as it is missing."
1149             fi
1150         done
1151     else
1152         error "unable to find /usr/bin/eatmydata after installing the eatmydata pacage"
1153     fi
1154 }
1155
1156 override_install
1157 </pre></blockquote></p>
1158
1159 <p>To clean up, another shell script should go into
1160 /usr/lib/finish-install.d/ with code like this:
1161
1162 <p><blockquote><pre>
1163 #! /bin/sh -e
1164 . /usr/share/debconf/confmodule
1165 error() {
1166     logger -t my-finish-install "error: $@"
1167 }
1168 remove_install_override() {
1169     for bin in dpkg apt-get aptitude tasksel ; do
1170         file=/usr/bin/$bin
1171         if [ -x /target$file.edu ] ; then
1172             rm /target$file
1173             in-target dpkg-divert --package debian-edu-config \
1174                 --rename --quiet --remove $file
1175             rm /target$file.edu
1176         else
1177             error "Missing divert for $file."
1178         fi
1179     done
1180     sync # Flush file buffers before continuing
1181 }
1182
1183 remove_install_override
1184 </pre></blockquote></p>
1185
1186 <p>In Debian Edu, I placed both code fragments in a separate script
1187 edu-eatmydata-install and call it from the pre-pkgsel.d and
1188 finish-install.d scripts.</p>
1189
1190 <p>By now you might ask if this change should get into the normal
1191 Debian installer too?  I suspect it should, but am not sure the
1192 current debian-installer coordinators find it useful enough.  It also
1193 depend on the side effects of the change.  I'm not aware of any, but I
1194 guess we will see if the change is safe after some more testing.
1195 Perhaps there is some package in Debian depending on sync() and
1196 fsync() having effect?  Perhaps it should go into its own udeb, to
1197 allow those of us wanting to enable it to do so without affecting
1198 everyone.</p>
1199
1200 <p>Update 2014-09-24: Since a few days ago, enabling this optimization
1201 will break installation of all programs using gnutls because of
1202 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/702711">bug #702711</a>.  An updated
1203 eatmydata package in Debian will solve it.</p>
1204
1205 <p>Update 2014-10-17: The bug mentioned above is fixed in testing and
1206 the optimization work again.  And I have discovered that the
1207 dpkg-divert trick is not really needed and implemented a slightly
1208 simpler approach as part of the debian-edu-install package.  See
1209 tools/edu-eatmydata-install in the source package.</p>
1210
1211 <p>Update 2014-11-11: Unfortunately, a new
1212 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/765738">bug #765738</a> in eatmydata only
1213 triggering on i386 made it into testing, and broke this installation
1214 optimization again.  If <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/768893">unblock
1215 request 768893</a> is accepted, it should be working again.</p>
1216
1217       </div>
1218       <div class="tags">
1219
1220
1221         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1222
1223
1224       </div>
1225     </div>
1226     <div class="padding"></div>
1227
1228     <div class="entry">
1229       <div class="title">
1230         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Bernd_Zeitzen.html">Debian Edu interview: Bernd Zeitzen</a>
1231       </div>
1232       <div class="date">
1233         31st July 2014
1234       </div>
1235       <div class="body">
1236         <p>The complete and free “out of the box” software solution for
1237 schools, <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
1238 Skolelinux</a>, is used quite a lot in Germany, and one of the people
1239 involved is Bernd Zeitzen, who show up on the project mailing lists
1240 from time to time with interesting questions and tips on how to adjust
1241 the setup.  I managed to interview him this summer.</p>
1242
1243 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
1244
1245 <p>My name is Bernd Zeitzen and I'm married with Hedda, a self
1246 employed physiotherapist.  My former profession is tool maker, but I
1247 haven't worked for 30 years in this job.  30 years ago I started to
1248 support my wife and become her officeworker and a few years later the
1249 administrator for a small computer network, today based on Ubuntu
1250 Server (Samba, OpenVPN). For her daily work she has to use Windows
1251 Desktops because the software she needs to organize her business only
1252 works with Windows . :-(</p>
1253
1254 <p>In 1988 we started with one PC and DOS, then I learned to use
1255 Windows 98, 2000, XP, …, 8, Ubuntu, MacOSX.  Today we are running a
1256 Linux server with 6 Windows clients and 10 persons (teacher of
1257 children with special needs, speech therapist, occupational therapist,
1258 psychologist and officeworkers) using our Samba shares via OpenVPN to
1259 work with the documentations of our patients.</p>
1260
1261 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
1262 project?</strong></p>
1263
1264 <p>Two years ago a friend of mine asked me, if I want to get a job in
1265 his school (<a href="http://www.gymnasium-harsewinkel.de/">Gymnasium
1266 Harsewinkel</a>).  They started with Skolelinux / Debian Edu and they
1267 were looking for people to give support to the teachers using the
1268 software and the network and teaching the pupils increasing their
1269 computer skills in optional lessons.  I'm spending 4-6 hours a week
1270 with this job.</p>
1271
1272 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1273 Edu?</strong></p>
1274
1275 <p>The independence.</p>
1276
1277 <p>First: Every person is allowed to use, share and develop the
1278 software. Even if you are poor, you are allowed to use the software
1279 included in Skolelinux/Debian Edu and all the other Free Software.</p>
1280
1281 <p>Second: The software runs on old machines and this gives us the
1282 possibility to recycle computers, weeded out from offices.  The
1283 servers and desktops are running for more than two years and they are
1284 working reliable. </p>
1285
1286 <p>We have two servers (one tjener and one terminal server), 45
1287 workstations in three classrooms and seven laptops as a mobile
1288 solution for all classrooms.  These machines are all booting from the
1289 terminal server.  In the moment we are installing 30 laptops as mobile
1290 workstations.  Then the pupils have the possibility to work with these
1291 machines in their classrooms.  Internet access is realized by a WLAN
1292 router, connected to the schools network. This is all done without a
1293 dedicated system administrator or a computer science teacher.</p>
1294
1295 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1296 Edu?</strong></p>
1297
1298 <p>Teachers and pupils are Windows users.  &lt;Irony on&gt; And Linux
1299 isn't cool. It's software for freaks using the command line. &lt;Irony
1300 off&gt; They don't realize the stability of the system. </p>
1301
1302 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
1303
1304 <p>Firefox, Thunderbird, LibreOffice, Ubuntu Server 12.04 (Samba,
1305 Apache, MySQL, Joomla!, … and Skolelinux / Debian Edu)</p>
1306
1307 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
1308 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
1309
1310 <p>In Germany we have the situation: every school is free to decide
1311 which software they want to use. This decision is influenced by
1312 teachers who learned to use Windows and MS Office. They buy a PC with
1313 Windows preinstalled and an additional testing version of MS
1314 Office. They don't know about the possibility to use Free Software
1315 instead.  Another problem are the publisher of school books.  They
1316 develop their software, added to the school books, for Windows.</p>
1317
1318       </div>
1319       <div class="tags">
1320
1321
1322         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
1323
1324
1325       </div>
1326     </div>
1327     <div class="padding"></div>
1328
1329     <div class="entry">
1330       <div class="title">
1331         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/From_English_wiki_to_translated_PDF_and_epub_via_Docbook.html">From English wiki to translated PDF and epub via Docbook</a>
1332       </div>
1333       <div class="date">
1334         17th June 2014
1335       </div>
1336       <div class="body">
1337         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
1338 project</a> provide an instruction manual for teachers, system
1339 administrators and other users that contain useful tips for setting up
1340 and maintaining a Debian Edu installation.  This text is about how the
1341 text processing of this manual is handled in the project.</p>
1342
1343 <p>One goal of the project is to provide information in the native
1344 language of its users, and for this we need to handle translations.
1345 But we also want to make sure each language contain the same
1346 information, so for this we need a good way to keep the translations
1347 in sync.  And we want it to be easy for our users to improve the
1348 documentation, avoiding the need to learn special formats or tools to
1349 contribute, and the obvious way to do this is to make it possible to
1350 edit the documentation using a web browser.  We also want it to be
1351 easy for translators to keep the translation up to date, and give them
1352 help in figuring out what need to be translated. Here is the list of
1353 tools and the process we have found trying to reach all these
1354 goals.</p>
1355
1356 <p>We maintain the authoritative source of our manual in the
1357 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/">Debian
1358 wiki</a>, as several wiki pages written in English.  It consist of one
1359 front page with references to the different chapters, several pages
1360 for each chapter, and finally one "collection page" gluing all the
1361 chapters together into one large web page (aka
1362 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/AllInOne">the
1363 AllInOne page</a>).  The AllInOne page is the one used for further
1364 processing and translations.  Thanks to the fact that the
1365 <a href="http://moinmo.in/">MoinMoin</a> installation on
1366 wiki.debian.org support exporting pages in
1367 <a href="http://www.docbook.org/">the Docbook format</a>, we can fetch
1368 the list of pages to export using the raw version of the AllInOne
1369 page, loop over each of them to generate a Docbook XML version of the
1370 manual.  This process also download images and transform image
1371 references to use the locally downloaded images.  The generated
1372 Docbook XML files are slightly broken, so some post-processing is done
1373 using the <tt>documentation/scripts/get_manual</tt> program, and the
1374 result is a nice Docbook XML file (debian-edu-wheezy-manual.xml) and
1375 a handfull of images.  The XML file can now be used to generate PDF, HTML
1376 and epub versions of the English manual.  This is the basic step of
1377 our process, making PDF (using dblatex), HTML (using xsltproc) and
1378 epub (using dbtoepub) version from Docbook XML, and the resulting files
1379 are placed in the debian-edu-doc-en binary package.</p>
1380
1381 <p>But English documentation is not enough for us.  We want translated
1382 documentation too, and we want to make it easy for translators to
1383 track the English original.  For this we use the
1384 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/p/poxml.html">poxml</a> package,
1385 which allow us to transform the English Docbook XML file into a
1386 translation file (a .pot file), usable with the normal gettext based
1387 translation tools used by those translating free software.  The pot
1388 file is used to create and maintain translation files (several .po
1389 files), which the translations update with the native language
1390 translations of all titles, paragraphs and blocks of text in the
1391 original.  The next step is combining the original English Docbook XML
1392 and the translation file (say debian-edu-wheezy-manual.nb.po), to
1393 create a translated Docbook XML file (in this case
1394 debian-edu-wheezy-manual.nb.xml).  This translated (or partly
1395 translated, if the translation is not complete) Docbook XML file can
1396 then be used like the original to create a PDF, HTML and epub version
1397 of the documentation.</p>
1398
1399 <p>The translators use different tools to edit the .po files.  We
1400 recommend using
1401 <a href="http://www.kde.org/applications/development/lokalize/">lokalize</a>,
1402 while some use emacs and vi, others can use web based editors like
1403 <a href="http://pootle.translatehouse.org/">Poodle</a> or
1404 <a href="https://www.transifex.com/">Transifex</a>.  All we care about
1405 is where the .po file end up, in our git repository.  Updated
1406 translations can either be committed directly to git, or submitted as
1407 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/src:debian-edu-doc">bug reports
1408 against the debian-edu-doc package</a>.</p>
1409
1410 <p>One challenge is images, which both might need to be translated (if
1411 they show translated user applications), and are needed in different
1412 formats when creating PDF and HTML versions (epub is a HTML version in
1413 this regard).  For this we transform the original PNG images to the
1414 needed density and format during build, and have a way to provide
1415 translated images by storing translated versions in
1416 images/$LANGUAGECODE/.  I am a bit unsure about the details here.  The
1417 package maintainers know more.</p>
1418
1419 <p>If you wonder what the result look like, we provide
1420 <a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/">the content
1421 of the documentation packages on the web</a>.  See for example the
1422 <a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/it/debian-edu-wheezy-manual.pdf">Italian
1423 PDF version</a> or the
1424 <a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/de/debian-edu-wheezy-manual.html">German
1425 HTML version</a>.  We do not yet build the epub version by default,
1426 but perhaps it will be done in the future.</p>
1427
1428 <p>To learn more, check out
1429 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/d/debian-edu-doc.html">the
1430 debian-edu-doc package</a>,
1431 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/">the
1432 manual on the wiki</a> and
1433 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/Translations">the
1434 translation instructions</a> in the manual.</p>
1435
1436       </div>
1437       <div class="tags">
1438
1439
1440         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1441
1442
1443       </div>
1444     </div>
1445     <div class="padding"></div>
1446
1447     <div class="entry">
1448       <div class="title">
1449         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Roger_Marsal.html">Debian Edu interview: Roger Marsal</a>
1450       </div>
1451       <div class="date">
1452         30th March 2014
1453       </div>
1454       <div class="body">
1455         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
1456 keep gaining new users.  Some weeks ago, a person showed up on IRC,
1457 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/#debian-edu">#debian-edu</a>, with a
1458 wish to contribute, and I managed to get a interview with this great
1459 contributor Roger Marsal to learn more about his background.</p>
1460
1461 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
1462
1463 <p>My name is Roger Marsal, I'm 27 years old (1986 generation) and I
1464 live in Barcelona, Spain. I've got a strong business background and I
1465 work as a patrimony manager and as a real estate agent.  Additionally,
1466 I've co-founded a British based tech company that is nowadays on the
1467 last development phase of a new social networking concept.</p>
1468
1469 <p>I'm a Linux enthusiast that started its journey with Ubuntu four years
1470 ago and have recently switched to Debian seeking rock solid stability
1471 and as a necessary step to gain expertise.</p>
1472
1473 <p>In a nutshell, I spend my days working and learning as much as I
1474 can to face both my job, entrepreneur project and feed my Linux
1475 hunger.</p>
1476
1477 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
1478 project?</strong></p>
1479
1480 <p>I discovered the <a href="http://www.ltsp.org/">LTSP</a> advantages
1481 with "Ubuntu 12.04 alternate install" and after a year of use I
1482 started looking for an alternative.  Even though I highly value and
1483 respect the Ubuntu project, I thought it was necessary for me to
1484 change to a more robust and stable alternative.  As far as I was using
1485 Debian on my personal laptop I thought it would be fine to install
1486 Debian and configure an LTSP server myself.  Surprised, I discovered
1487 that the Debian project also supported a kind of Edubuntu equivalent,
1488 and after having some pain I obtained a Debian Edu network up and
1489 running.  I just loved it.</p>
1490
1491 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1492 Edu?</strong></p>
1493
1494 <p>I found a main advantage in that, once you know "the tips and
1495 tricks", a new installation just works out of the box. It's the most
1496 complete alternative I've found to create an LTSP network. All the
1497 other distributions seems to be made of plastic, Debian Edu seems to
1498 be made of steel.</p>
1499
1500 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1501 Edu?</strong></p>
1502
1503 <p>I found two main disadvantages.</p>
1504
1505 <p>I'm not an expert but I've got notions and I had to spent a considerable
1506 amount of time trying to bring up a standard network topology. I'm quite
1507 stubborn and I just worked until I did but I'm sure many people with few
1508 resources (not big schools, but academies for example) would have switched
1509 or dropped.</p>
1510
1511 <p>It's amazing how such a complex system like Debian Edu has achieved
1512 this out-of-the-box state. Even though tweaking without breaking gets
1513 more difficult, as more factors have to be considered. This can
1514 discourage many people too.</p>
1515
1516 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
1517
1518 <p>I use Debian, Firefox, Okular, Inkscape, LibreOffice and
1519 Virtualbox.</p>
1520
1521
1522 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
1523 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
1524
1525 <p>I don't think there is a need for a particular strategy. The free
1526 attribute in both "freedom" and "no price" meanings is what will
1527 really bring free software to schools. In my experience I can think of
1528 the <a href="http://www.r-project.org/">"R" statistical language</a>; a
1529 few years a ago was an extremely nerd tool for university people.
1530 Today it's being increasingly used to teach statistics at many
1531 different level of studies.  I believe free and open software will
1532 increasingly gain popularity, but I'm sure schools will be one of the
1533 first scenarios where this will happen.</p>
1534
1535       </div>
1536       <div class="tags">
1537
1538
1539         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
1540
1541
1542       </div>
1543     </div>
1544     <div class="padding"></div>
1545
1546     <div class="entry">
1547       <div class="title">
1548         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_add_extra_storage_servers_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux.html">How to add extra storage servers in Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
1549       </div>
1550       <div class="date">
1551         12th March 2014
1552       </div>
1553       <div class="body">
1554         <p>On larger sites, it is useful to use a dedicated storage server for
1555 storing user home directories and data.  The design for handling this
1556 in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>, is
1557 to update the automount rules in LDAP and let the automount daemon on
1558 the clients take care of the rest.  I was reminded about the need to
1559 document this better when one of the customers of
1560 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a>, where I am
1561 on the board of directors, asked about how to do this.  The steps to
1562 get this working are the following:</p>
1563
1564 <p><ol>
1565
1566 <li>Add new storage server in DNS.  I use nas-server.intern as the
1567 example host here.</li>
1568
1569 <li>Add automoun LDAP information about this server in LDAP, to allow
1570 all clients to automatically mount it on reqeust.</li>
1571
1572 <li>Add the relevant entries in tjener.intern:/etc/fstab, because
1573 tjener.intern do not use automount to avoid mounting loops.</li>
1574
1575 </ol></p>
1576
1577 <p>DNS entries are added in GOsa², and not described here.  Follow the
1578 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/GettingStarted">instructions
1579 in the manual</a> (Machine Management with GOsa² in section Getting
1580 started).</p>
1581
1582 <p>Ensure that the NFS export points on the server are exported to the
1583 relevant subnets or machines:</p>
1584
1585 <p><blockquote><pre>
1586 root@tjener:~# showmount -e nas-server
1587 Export list for nas-server:
1588 /storage         10.0.0.0/8
1589 root@tjener:~#
1590 </pre></blockquote></p>
1591
1592 <p>Here everything on the backbone network is granted access to the
1593 /storage export.  With NFSv3 it is slightly better to limit it to
1594 netgroup membership or single IP addresses to have some limits on the
1595 NFS access.</p>
1596
1597 <p>The next step is to update LDAP.  This can not be done using GOsa²,
1598 because it lack a module for automount.  Instead, use ldapvi and add
1599 the required LDAP objects using an editor.</p>
1600
1601 <p><blockquote><pre>
1602 ldapvi --ldap-conf -ZD '(cn=admin)' -b ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
1603 </pre></blockquote></p>
1604
1605 <p>When the editor show up, add the following LDAP objects at the
1606 bottom of the document.  The "/&" part in the last LDAP object is a
1607 wild card matching everything the nas-server exports, removing the
1608 need to list individual mount points in LDAP.</p>
1609
1610 <p><blockquote><pre>
1611 add cn=nas-server,ou=auto.skole,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
1612 objectClass: automount
1613 cn: nas-server
1614 automountInformation: -fstype=autofs --timeout=60 ldap:ou=auto.nas-server,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
1615
1616 add ou=auto.nas-server,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
1617 objectClass: top
1618 objectClass: automountMap
1619 ou: auto.nas-server
1620
1621 add cn=/,ou=auto.nas-server,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
1622 objectClass: automount
1623 cn: /
1624 automountInformation: -fstype=nfs,tcp,rsize=32768,wsize=32768,rw,intr,hard,nodev,nosuid,noatime nas-server.intern:/&
1625 </pre></blockquote></p>
1626
1627 <p>The last step to remember is to mount the relevant mount points in
1628 tjener.intern by adding them to /etc/fstab, creating the mount
1629 directories using mkdir and running "mount -a" to mount them.</p>
1630
1631 <p>When this is done, your users should be able to access the files on
1632 the storage server directly by just visiting the
1633 /tjener/nas-server/storage/ directory using any application on any
1634 workstation, LTSP client or LTSP server.</p>
1635
1636       </div>
1637       <div class="tags">
1638
1639
1640         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>.
1641
1642
1643       </div>
1644     </div>
1645     <div class="padding"></div>
1646
1647     <div class="entry">
1648       <div class="title">
1649         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Dominik_George.html">Debian Edu interview: Dominik George</a>
1650       </div>
1651       <div class="date">
1652         25th December 2013
1653       </div>
1654       <div class="body">
1655         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
1656 project</a> consist of both newcomers and old timers, and this time I
1657 was able to get an interview with a newcomer in the project who showed
1658 up on the IRC channel a few weeks ago to let us know about his
1659 successful installation of Debian Edu Wheezy in his School.  Say hello
1660 to <a href="https://www.ohloh.net/accounts/Natureshadow">Dominik
1661 George</a>.</p>
1662
1663 <!-- http://www.dominik-george.de/images/foto.jpg -->
1664
1665 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
1666
1667 <p>I am a 23 year-old student from Germany who has spent half of his
1668 life with open source. In "real life", I am, as already mentioned, a
1669 student in the fields of Computer Science, Electrical Engineering,
1670 Information Technologies and Anglistics. Due to my (only partially
1671 voluntary) huge engagement in the open source world, these things are
1672 a bit vacant right now however.</p>
1673
1674 <p>I also have been working as a project teacher at a Gymasnium
1675 (public school) for various years now. I took up that work some time
1676 around 2005 when still attending that school myself and have continued
1677 it until today. I also had been running the (kind of very advanced)
1678 network of that school together with a team of very interested and
1679 talented students in the age of 11 to 15 years, who took the chance to
1680 learn a lot about open source and networking before I left the school
1681 to help building another school's informational education concept from
1682 scratch.</p>
1683
1684 <p>That said, one might see me as a kind of "glue" between school kids
1685 and the elderly of teachers as well as between the open source
1686 ecosystem and the (even more complex) educational ecosystem.</p>
1687
1688 <p>When I am not busy with open source or education, I like Geocaching
1689 and cycling.</p>
1690
1691 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
1692 project?</strong></p>
1693
1694 <p>I think that happened some time around 2009 when I first attended
1695 <a href="http://www.froscon.org">FrOSCon</a> and visited the project
1696 booth. I think I wasn't too interested back then because I used to
1697 have an attitude of disliking software that does too much stuff on its
1698 own. Maybe I was too inexperienced to realise the upsides of an
1699 "out-of-the-box" solution ;).</p>
1700
1701 <p>The first time I actively talked to Skolelinux people was at
1702 <a href="http://www.openrheinruhr.de">OpenRheinRuhr</a> 2011 when the
1703 BiscuIT project, a home-grewn software used by my school for various
1704 really cool things from timetables and class contact lists to lunch
1705 ordering, student ID card printing and project elections first got to
1706 a stage where it could have been published. I asked the Skolelinux
1707 guys running the booth if the project were interested in it and gave a
1708 small demonstration, but there wasn't any real feedback and the guys
1709 seemed rather uninterested.</p>
1710
1711 <p>After I left the school where I developed the software, it got
1712 mostly lost, but I am now reimplementing it for my new school. I have
1713 reusability and compatibility in mind, and I hop there will be a new
1714 basis for contributing it to the Skolelinux project ;)!</p>
1715
1716 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1717 Edu?</strong></p>
1718
1719 <p>The most important advantage seems to be that it "just
1720 works". After overcoming some minor (but still very annoying) glitches
1721 in the installer, I got a fully functional, working school network,
1722 without the month-long hassle I experienced when setting all that up
1723 from scratch in earlier years. And above that, it rocked - I didn't
1724 have any real hardware at hand, because the school was just founded
1725 and has no money whatsoever, so I installed a combined server (main
1726 server, terminal services and workstation) in a VM on my personal
1727 notebook, bridging the LTSP network interface to the ethernet port,
1728 and then PXE-booted the Windows notebooks that were lying around from
1729 it. I could use 8 clients without any performance issues, by using a
1730 tiny little VM on a tiny little notebook. I think that's enough to say
1731 that it rocks!</p>
1732
1733 <p>Secondly, there are marketing reasons. Life's bad, and so no
1734 politician will ever permit a setup described as "Debian, an universal
1735 operating system, with some really cool educational tools" while they
1736 will be jsut fine with "Skolelinux, a single-purpose solution for your
1737 school network", even if both turn out to be the very same thing (yes,
1738 this is unfair towards the Skolelinux project, and must not be taken
1739 too seriously - you get the idea, anyway).</p>
1740
1741 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1742 Edu?</strong></p>
1743
1744 <p>I have not been involved with Skolelinux long enough to really
1745 answer this question in a fair way. Thus, please allow me to put it in
1746 other words: "What do you expect from Skolelinux to keep liking it?" I
1747 can list a few points about that:</p>
1748
1749 <ul>
1750
1751  <li>always strive to get all things integrated into Debian upstream
1752  <li>be open to discussion about changes and the like, even with newcomers
1753  <li>be helpful at being helpful ;)
1754
1755 </ul>
1756
1757 <p>I'm really sorry I cannot say much more about that :(!</p>
1758
1759 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
1760
1761 <p>First of all, all software I use is free and open. I have abandoned
1762 all non-free software (except for firmware on my darned phone) this
1763 year.</p>
1764
1765 <p>I run Debian GNU/Linux on all PC systems I use. On that, I mostly
1766 run text tools. I use
1767 <a href="https://www.mirbsd.org/mksh.htm">mksh</a> as shell,
1768 <a href="https://www.mirbsd.org/jupp.htm">jupp</a> as very advanced
1769 text editor (I even got the developer to help me write a script/macro
1770 based full-featured student management software with the two),
1771 <a href="http://mcabber.com/">mcabber</a> for XMPP and
1772 <a href="http://www.irssi.org/">irssi</a> for IRC. For that overly
1773 coloured world called the WWW, I use
1774 <a href="https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/new/">Iceweasel
1775 (Firefox)</a>. Oh, and <a href="http://www.mutt.org/">mutt</a> for
1776 e-mail.</p>
1777
1778 <p>However, while I am personally aware of the fact that text tools
1779 are more efficient and powerful than anything else, I also use (or at
1780 least operate) some tools that are suitable to bring open source to
1781 kids. One of these things is <a href="http://jappix.org/">Jappix</a>,
1782 which I already introduced to some kids even before they got aware of
1783 Facebook, making them see for themselves that they do not need
1784 Facebook now ;).</p>
1785
1786 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
1787 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
1788
1789 <p>Well, that's a two-sided thing. One side is what I believe, and one
1790 side is what I have experienced.</p>
1791
1792 <p>I believe that the right strategy is showing them the benefits. But
1793 that won't work out as long as the acceptance of free alternatives
1794 grows globally. What I mean is that if all the kids are almost forced
1795 to use Windows, Facebook, Skype, you name it at home, they will not
1796 see why they would want to use alternatives at school. I have seen
1797 students take seat in front of a fully-functional, modern Debian
1798 desktop that could do anything their Windows at home could do, and
1799 they jsut refused to use it because "Linux sucks". It is something
1800 that makes the council of our city spend around 600000 € to buy
1801 software - not including hardware, mind you - for operating school
1802 networks, and for installing a system that, as has been proved, does
1803 not work. For those of you readers who are good at maths, have you
1804 already found out how many lives could have been saved with that money
1805 if we had instead used it to bring education to parts of the world
1806 that need it? I have, and found it to be nothing less dramatic than
1807 plain criminal.</p>
1808
1809 <p>That said, the only feasible way appears to be the bottom up
1810 method. We have to bring free software to kids and parents. I have
1811 founded an association named
1812 <a href="https://www.teckids.org">Teckids</a> here in Germany that does
1813 just that. We organise several events for kids and adolescents in the
1814 area of free and open source software, for example the
1815 <a href="http://kids.froscon.org">FrogLabs</a>, which share staff with
1816 Teckids and are the youth programme of
1817 <a href="http://www.froscon.org">the Free and Open Source Software
1818 Conference (FrOSCon)</a>. We do a lot more than most other conferences
1819 - this year, we first offered the FrogLabs as a holiday camp for kids
1820 aged 10 to 16. It was a huge success, with approx. 30 kids taking part
1821 and learning with and about free software through a whole weekend. All
1822 of us had a lot of fun, and the results were really exciting.</p>
1823
1824 <p>Apart from that, we are preparing a campaign that is supposed to bring
1825 the message of free alternatives to stuff kids use every day to them and
1826 their parents, e.g. the use of Jabber / Jappix instead of Facebook and
1827 Skype. To make that possible, we are planning to get together a team of
1828 clever kids who understand very well what their peers need and can bring
1829 it across to them. So we will have a peer-driven network of adolescents
1830 who teach each other and collect feedback from the community of minors.
1831 We then take that feedback and our own experience to work closely with
1832 open source projects, such as Skolelinux or Jappix, at improving their
1833 software in a way that makes it more and more attractive for the target
1834 group. At least I hope that we will have good cooperation with
1835 Skolelinux in the future ;)!</p>
1836
1837 <p>So in conclusion, what I believe is that, if it weren't for the world
1838 being so bad, it should be very clear to the political decision makers
1839 that the only way to go nowadays is free software for various reasons,
1840 but I have learnt that the only way that seems to work is bottom up.</p>
1841
1842 <!--
1843
1844 >  * Who should be interviewed with this questions in the future?
1845
1846 That's probably the hardest question of them all, as I do not know the
1847 community. However, I would be willing to do the following:
1848
1849  <li>Run an interview with a German headteacher who is very open to
1850    free software, and also prefers it, but cannot really use it because
1851    of the decision makers above;
1852  <li>Run interviews with some kids, both with and without previous
1853    knowledge about free software
1854
1855 If that is wanted, just let me know ;).
1856
1857 -->
1858
1859       </div>
1860       <div class="tags">
1861
1862
1863         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
1864
1865
1866       </div>
1867     </div>
1868     <div class="padding"></div>
1869
1870     <div class="entry">
1871       <div class="title">
1872         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Klaus_Knopper.html">Debian Edu interview: Klaus Knopper</a>
1873       </div>
1874       <div class="date">
1875          6th December 2013
1876       </div>
1877       <div class="body">
1878         <p>It has been a while since I managed to publish the last interview,
1879 but the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
1880 Skolelinux</a> community is still going strong, and yesterday we even
1881 had a new school administrator show up on
1882 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/#debian-edu">#debian-edu</a> to share
1883 his success story with installing Debian Edu at their school.  This
1884 time I have been able to get some helpful comments from the creator of
1885 Knoppix, Klaus Knopper, who was involved in a Skolelinux project in
1886 Germany a few years ago.</p>
1887
1888 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
1889
1890 <p>I am Klaus Knopper.  I have a master degree in electrical
1891 engineering, and is currently professor in information management at
1892 the university of applied sciences Kaiserslautern / Germany and
1893 freelance Open Source software developer and consultant.</p>
1894
1895 <p>All of this is pretty much of the work I spend my days with. Apart
1896 from teaching, I'm also conducting some more or less experimental
1897 projects like the <a href="http://www.knoppix.org">Knoppix GNU/Linux live
1898 system</a> (Debian-based like Skolelinux),
1899 <a href="http://www.knopper.net/knoppix-adriane/index-en.html">ADRIANE</a>
1900 (a blind-friendly talking desktop system) and
1901 <a href="http://www.knopper.net/linbo/index-en.html">LINBO</a>
1902 (Linux-based network boot console, a fast remote install and repair
1903 system supporting various operating systems).</p>
1904
1905 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
1906 project?</strong></p>
1907
1908 <p>The credit for this have to go to Kurt Gramlich, who is the German
1909 coordinator for Skolelinux.  We were looking for an all-in-one open
1910 source community-supported distribution for schools, and Kurt
1911 introduced us to Skolelinux for this purpose.</p>
1912
1913 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1914 Edu?</strong></p>
1915
1916 <ul>
1917   <li>Quick installation,</li>
1918   <li>works (almost) out of the box,</li>
1919   <li>contains many useful software packages for teaching and learning,</li>
1920   <li>is a purely community-based distro and not controlled by a
1921     single company,</li>
1922   <li>has a large number of supporters and teachers who share their
1923     experience and problem solutions.</li>
1924 </ul>
1925
1926 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1927 Edu?</strong></p>
1928
1929 <ul>
1930   <li>Skolelinux is - as we had to learn - not easily upgradable to
1931   the next version.  Opposed to its genuine Debian base, upgrading to
1932   a new version means a full new installation from scratch to get it
1933   working again reliably.
1934
1935   <li>Skolelinux is based on Debian/stable, and therefore always a
1936   little outdated in terms of program versions compared to Edubuntu or
1937   similar educational Linux distros, which rather use Debian/testing
1938   as their base.
1939
1940   <li>Skolelinux has some very self-opinionated and stubborn default
1941   configuration which in my opinion adds unnecessary complexity and is
1942   not always suitable for a schools needs, the preset network
1943   configuration is actually a core definition feature of Skolelinux
1944   and not easy to change, so schools sometimes have to change their
1945   network configuration to make it "Skolelinux-compatible".
1946
1947   <li>Some proposed extensions, which were made available as
1948   contribution, like secure examination mode and lecture material
1949   distribution and collection, were not accepted into the mainline
1950   Skolelinux development and are now not easy to maintain in the
1951   future because of Skolelinux somewhat undeterministic update
1952   schemes.</li>
1953
1954   <li>Skolelinux has only a very tiny number of base developers
1955   compared to Debian.</li>
1956
1957 </ul>
1958
1959 <p>For these reasons and experience from our project, I would now
1960 rather consider using plain Debian for schools next time, until
1961 Skolelinux is more closely integrated into Debian and becomes
1962 upgradeable without reinstallation.</p>
1963
1964 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
1965
1966 <p>GNU/Linux with LXDE desktop, bash for interactive dialog and
1967 programming, texlive for documentation and correspondence,
1968 occasionally LibreOffice for document format conversion. Various
1969 programming languages for teaching.</p>
1970
1971 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
1972 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
1973
1974 <p>Strong arguments are</p>
1975
1976 <ul>
1977
1978   <li>Knowledge is free, and so should be methods and tools for
1979     teaching and learning.</li>
1980
1981   <li>Students can learn with and use the same software at school, at
1982     home, and at their working place without running into license or
1983     conversion problems.</li>
1984
1985   <li>Closed source or proprietary software hides knowledge rather
1986     than exposing it, and proprietary software vendors try to bind
1987     customers to certain products.  But teachers need to teach
1988     science, not products.</li>
1989
1990   <li>If you have everything you for daily work as open source, what
1991     would you need proprietary software for?</li>
1992
1993 </ul>
1994
1995       </div>
1996       <div class="tags">
1997
1998
1999         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
2000
2001
2002       </div>
2003     </div>
2004     <div class="padding"></div>
2005
2006     <div class="entry">
2007       <div class="title">
2008         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_7_1_install_and_overview_video_from_Marcelo_Salvador.html">Skolelinux / Debian Edu 7.1 install and overview video from Marcelo Salvador</a>
2009       </div>
2010       <div class="date">
2011          8th October 2013
2012       </div>
2013       <div class="body">
2014         <p>The other day I was pleased and surprised to discover that Marcelo
2015 Salvador had published a
2016 <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w-GgpdqgLFc">video on
2017 Youtube</a> showing how to install the standalone Debian Edu /
2018 Skolelinux profile.  This is the profile intended for use at home or
2019 on laptops that should not be integrated into the provided network
2020 services (no central home directory, no Kerberos / LDAP directory etc,
2021 in other word a single user machine).  The result is 11 minutes long,
2022 and show some user applications (seem to be rather randomly picked).
2023 Missed a few of my favorites like celestia, planets and chromium
2024 showing the <a href="http://www.zygotebody.com/">Zygote Body 3D model
2025 of the human body</a>, but I guess he did not know about those or find
2026 other programs more interesting. :) And the video do not show the
2027 advantages I believe is one of the most valuable featuers in Debian
2028 Edu, its central school server making it possible to run hundreds of
2029 computers without hard drives by installing one central
2030 <a href="http://www.ltsp.org/">LTSP server</a>.</p>
2031
2032 <p>Anyway, check out the video, embedded below and linked to above:</p>
2033
2034 <iframe width="420" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/w-GgpdqgLFc" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
2035
2036 <p>Are there other nice videos demonstrating Skolelinux?  Please let
2037 me know. :)</p>
2038
2039       </div>
2040       <div class="tags">
2041
2042
2043         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
2044
2045
2046       </div>
2047     </div>
2048     <div class="padding"></div>
2049
2050     <div class="entry">
2051       <div class="title">
2052         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Finally__Debian_Edu_Wheezy_is_released_today_.html">Finally, Debian Edu Wheezy is released today!</a>
2053       </div>
2054       <div class="date">
2055         29th September 2013
2056       </div>
2057       <div class="body">
2058         <p>A few hours ago, the announcement for the first stable release of
2059 Debian Edu Wheezy went out from the Debian publicity team.  The
2060 complete announcement text can be found at
2061 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2013/20130928">the Debian News
2062 section</a>, translated to several languages.  Please check it out.</p>
2063
2064 <p>There is one minor known problem that we will fix very soon.  One
2065 can not install a amd64 Thin Client Server using PXE, as the /var/
2066 partition is too small.  A workaround is to extend the partition (use
2067 lvresize + resize2fs in tty 2 while installing).</p>
2068
2069       </div>
2070       <div class="tags">
2071
2072
2073         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2074
2075
2076       </div>
2077     </div>
2078     <div class="padding"></div>
2079
2080     <div class="entry">
2081       <div class="title">
2082         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_and_probably_last_beta_release_of_Debian_Edu_Wheezy.html">Third and probably last beta release of Debian Edu Wheezy</a>
2083       </div>
2084       <div class="date">
2085         16th September 2013
2086       </div>
2087       <div class="body">
2088         <p>The third wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
2089 today.  This is the release announcement from Holger Levsen:</p>
2090
2091 <blockquote>
2092 <p>Hi,</p>
2093
2094 <p>it is my pleasure to announce the third beta release (beta 2 for
2095 short) of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
2096 Skolelinux</a> based on Debian Wheezy!</p>
2097
2098 <p>Please test these images extensivly, if no new problems are found
2099 we plan to do this final Debian Edu Wheezy release this coming
2100 weekend.  We are not aware of any major problems or blockers in beta2,
2101 if you find something, please notify us immediately!</p>
2102
2103 <p>(More about the remaining steps for the Edu Wheezy release in
2104 another mail to the edu list tonight or tomorrow...)</p>
2105
2106 <p>Noteworthy changes and software updates for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b2
2107 compared to beta1:</p>
2108
2109 <ul>
2110
2111 <li>The KDE proxy setup has been adjusted to use the provided wpad.dat. This
2112 also gets Chromium to use this proxy.</li>
2113 <li>Install kdepim-groupware with KDE desktops to make sure korganizer
2114 understand ical/dav sources.</li>
2115 <li>Increased default maximum size of /var/spool/squid and /skole/backup on the
2116 main server.</li>
2117 <li>A source DVD image containing all source packages is now available as well.</li>
2118 <li>Updates for chromium (29.0.1547.57-1~deb7u1), imagemagick
2119 (6.7.7.10-5+deb7u2), php5 (5.4.4-14+deb7u4), libmodplug
2120 (0.8.8.4-3+deb7u1+git20130828), tiff (4.0.2-6+deb7u2), linux-image
2121 (3.2.0-4-486_3.2.46-1+deb7u1).</li>
2122
2123 </ul>
2124
2125 <p>Where to get it:</p>
2126
2127 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
2128
2129 <ul>
2130 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso</a></li>
2131 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso</a></li>
2132 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso .</li>
2133 </ul>
2134
2135 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is:  3a1c89f4666df80eebcd46c5bf5fedb866f9472f</p>
2136
2137 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use
2138 <ul>
2139 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso</a></li>
2140 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso</a></li>
2141 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso .</li>
2142 </ul>
2143
2144 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 702d1718548f401c74bfa6df9f032cc3ee16597e</p>
2145
2146 <p>The Source DVD image has the filename
2147 debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-source-DVD.iso and the SHA1SUM
2148 089eed8b3f962db47aae1f6a9685e9bb2fa30ca5 and is available the same way
2149 as the other isos.</p>
2150
2151 <p>How to report bugs</p>
2152
2153 <p>For information how to report bugs please see
2154 <br><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
2155
2156
2157 <p>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</p>
2158
2159 <p>Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux, is a Linux distribution based
2160 on Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
2161 configured school network. Immediately after installation a school
2162 server running all services needed for a school network is set up just
2163 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
2164 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
2165 initial installation of the main server from CD or USB stick all other
2166 machines can be installed via the network. The provided school server
2167 provides LDAP database and Kerberos authentication service,
2168 centralized home directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other
2169 services.  The desktop contains more than 60 educational software
2170 packages and more are available from the Debian archive, and schools
2171 can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
2172
2173 <p>This is the seventh test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
2174 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
2175 Squeeze release.</p>
2176
2177 <p>Notes for upgrades from Alpha Prereleases</p>
2178
2179 <p>Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
2180 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
2181 release. Both alpha and beta0 based installations should reinstall or
2182 deal with gosa.conf manually; there are two options: (1) Keep
2183 gosa.conf and edit this file as outlined on the mailing list. (2)
2184 Accept the new version of gosa.conf and replace both contained admin
2185 password placeholders with the password hashes found in the old one
2186 (backup copy!). In both cases all users need to change their password
2187 to make sure a password is set for CIFS access to their home
2188 directory.</p>
2189
2190
2191 <p>cheers,
2192 <br>        Holger</p>
2193 </blockquote>
2194
2195       </div>
2196       <div class="tags">
2197
2198
2199         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2200
2201
2202       </div>
2203     </div>
2204     <div class="padding"></div>
2205
2206     <div class="entry">
2207       <div class="title">
2208         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_beta_release__beta_1__of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Second beta release (beta 1) of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
2209       </div>
2210       <div class="date">
2211         22nd August 2013
2212       </div>
2213       <div class="body">
2214         <p>The second wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
2215 today, slightly delayed because of some bugs in the initial Windows
2216 integration fixes .  This is the release announcement:</p>
2217
2218 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b1 released 2013-08-22</strong></p>
2219
2220 <p>These are the release notes for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
2221 7.1+edu0~b1, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
2222
2223 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
2224
2225 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
2226 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
2227 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
2228 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
2229 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
2230 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
2231 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
2232 the main server from CD or USB stick all other machines can be
2233 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
2234 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
2235 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
2236 desktop contains
2237 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
2238 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
2239 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
2240 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
2241
2242 <p>This is the sixth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically this
2243 is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the Squeeze
2244 release.</p>
2245
2246 <p>ALERT: Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
2247 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
2248 release. Both alpha and beta0 based installations should reinstall or
2249 deal with gosa.conf manually; there are two options: (1) Keep
2250 gosa.conf and edit this file as outlined
2251 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/2013/08/msg00127.html">on
2252 the mailing list</a>. (2) Accept the new version of gosa.conf and
2253 replace both contained admin password placeholders with the password
2254 hashes found in the old one (backup copy!). In both cases every user
2255 need to change their their password to make sure a password is set for
2256 CIFS access to their home directory.</p>
2257
2258 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
2259
2260 <ul>
2261
2262 <li>Added ssh askpass packages to default installation, to ensure ssh
2263     work also without a attached tty.</li>
2264 <li>Add the command-not-found package to the default installation to
2265     make it easier to figure out where to find missing command line
2266     tools. Please note, that the command 'update-command-not-found'
2267     has to be run as root to actually make it useful (internet access
2268     required).</li>
2269
2270 </ul>
2271
2272 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
2273
2274 <ul>
2275
2276 <li>Adjusted the USB stick ISO image build to include every tool
2277 needed for desktop=xfce installations.</li>
2278 <li>Adjust thin-client-server task to work when installing from USB
2279 stick ISO image.</li>
2280 <li>Made new grub artwork (changed png from indexed to RGB format).</li>
2281 <li>Minor cleanup in the CUPS setup.</li>
2282 <li>Make sure that bootstrapping of the Samba domain really happens
2283     during installation of the main server and adjust SID handling to
2284     cope with this.</li>
2285 <li>Make Samba passwords changeable (again) via GOsa².</li>
2286 <li>Fix generation of LM and NT password hashes via GOsa² to avoid
2287     empty password hashes.</li>
2288 <li>Adapted Samba machine domain joining to latest change in the
2289     smbldap-tools Perl package, fixing bugs blocking Windows machines
2290     from joining the Samba domain.</li>
2291
2292 </ul>
2293
2294 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
2295
2296 <ul>
2297
2298 <li>KDE fails to understand the wpad.dat file provided, causing it to
2299     not use the http proxy as it should.</li>
2300 <li>Chromium also fails to use the proxy when using the KDE desktop
2301     (using the KDE configuration).</li>
2302
2303 </ul>
2304
2305 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
2306
2307 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
2308
2309 <ul>
2310
2311 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso</a></li>
2312
2313 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso</a></li>
2314
2315 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso .</li>
2316
2317 </ul>
2318
2319 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 1e357f80b55e703523f2254adde6d78b
2320 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 7157f9be5fd27c7694d713c6ecfed61c3edda3b2</p>
2321
2322 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
2323
2324 <ul>
2325
2326 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso</a></li>
2327 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso</a></li>
2328 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso .</li>
2329
2330 </ul>
2331
2332 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 7a8408ead59cf7e3cef25afb6e91590b
2333 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: f1817c031f02790d5edb3bfa0dcf8451088ad119</p>
2334
2335
2336 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
2337
2338 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
2339
2340       </div>
2341       <div class="tags">
2342
2343
2344         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2345
2346
2347       </div>
2348     </div>
2349     <div class="padding"></div>
2350
2351     <div class="entry">
2352       <div class="title">
2353         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_beta_release_of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">First beta release of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
2354       </div>
2355       <div class="date">
2356         27th July 2013
2357       </div>
2358       <div class="body">
2359         <p>The first wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
2360 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
2361
2362 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b0 released
2363 2013-07-27</strong></p>
2364
2365 <p>These are the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
2366 7.1+edu0~b0, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
2367
2368 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
2369
2370 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
2371 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
2372 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
2373 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
2374 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
2375 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
2376 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
2377 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
2378 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
2379 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
2380 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
2381 desktop contains
2382 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
2383 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
2384 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
2385 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
2386
2387 <p>This is the fifth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
2388 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
2389 Squeeze release.</p>
2390
2391 <p>ALERT: Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
2392 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
2393 release.</p>
2394
2395 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
2396
2397 <ul>
2398
2399 <li>Switched roaming workstation profiles from wicd to network-manager
2400    for network configuration, as wicd didn't work any more.</li>
2401 <li>Changed version numbers of patched gosa and libpam-mklocaluser
2402    packages to make sure our locally patched versions will be replaced
2403    by the official packages when they are released from Debian. Those
2404    installing alpha version need to reinstall or manually downgrade gosa
2405    and libpam-mklocaluser.</li>
2406 <li>Added bluetooth tools to the default desktop (bluedevil, blueman).</li>
2407 <li>Added tools for sharing the desktop on KDE (krdc, krfb).</li>
2408 <li>Added valgrind to the default installation for easier debugging of
2409    crash bugs.</li>
2410
2411 </ul>
2412
2413 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
2414
2415 <ul>
2416
2417 <li>Fixed artwork package to work with gnome, no longer break
2418    desktop=gnome installations.</li>
2419 <li>Adjusted installer to now work when forced to use a proxy with the
2420    netinst CD.</li>
2421 <li>Fixed code detecting and setting/loading hardware specific
2422    setup/firmware to work more robust out of the box.</li>
2423 <li>Adjusted Kerberos setup to detect realm and server settings at
2424    install time instead of dynamically at run time. This avoid a crash
2425    with krb5-auth-dialog on diskless workstations without a DNS name.</li>
2426 <li>Worked around misfeature in network-manager not calling the dhclient
2427    exit hooks, causing automatic proxy configuration and automatic host
2428    name setting at run time to work again.</li>
2429 <li>Fixed feature setting the default Iceweasel start page from URL
2430    fetched from LDAP, to allow schools to set the global default by
2431    updating the dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no LDAP object.</li>
2432 <li>Changed default host name on all networked machines to be unique
2433    (generated from MAC or reverse DNS) after boot.</li>
2434 <li>Adjusted partition sizes to make sure they are big enough.</li>
2435
2436 </ul>
2437
2438 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
2439
2440 <ul>
2441
2442 <li>Grub is missing the new artwork.</li>
2443 <li>KDE fail to understand the wpad.dat file provided, causing it to
2444     not use the http proxy as it should.</li>
2445 <li>Chromium also fail to use the proxy.</li>
2446
2447 </ul>
2448
2449 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
2450
2451 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
2452
2453 <ul>
2454
2455 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso</a></li>
2456
2457 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso</a></li>
2458
2459 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso .</li>
2460
2461 </ul>
2462
2463 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 55d5de9765b6dccd5d9ec33cf1a07109
2464 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 996a1d9517740e4d627d100de2d12b23dd545a3f</p>
2465
2466 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
2467
2468 <ul>
2469
2470 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso</a></li>
2471 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso</a></li>
2472 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso .</li>
2473
2474 </ul>
2475
2476 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: d8f0818c51a78d357de794066f289f69
2477 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 49185ca354e8d0543240423746924f76a6cee733</p>
2478
2479
2480 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
2481
2482 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
2483
2484       </div>
2485       <div class="tags">
2486
2487
2488         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2489
2490
2491       </div>
2492     </div>
2493     <div class="padding"></div>
2494
2495     <div class="entry">
2496       <div class="title">
2497         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/July_13th__Debian_Ubuntu_BSP_and_Skolelinux_Debian_Edu_developer_gathering_in_Oslo.html">July 13th: Debian/Ubuntu BSP and Skolelinux/Debian Edu developer gathering in Oslo</a>
2498       </div>
2499       <div class="date">
2500          9th July 2013
2501       </div>
2502       <div class="body">
2503         <p>The upcoming Saturday, 2013-07-13, we are organising a combined
2504 Debian Edu developer gathering and Debian and Ubuntu bug squashing
2505 party in Oslo.  It is organised by <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">the
2506 member assosiation NUUG</a> and
2507 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">the Debian Edu / Skolelinux
2508 project</a> together with <a href="http://bitraf.no/">the hack space
2509 Bitraf</a>.</p>
2510
2511 <p>It starts 10:00 and continue until late evening.  Everyone is
2512 welcome, and there is no fee to participate.  There is on the other
2513 hand limited space, and only room for 30 people.  Please put your name
2514 on <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/BSP/2013/07/13/no/Oslo">the event
2515 wiki page</a> if you plan to join us.</p>
2516
2517       </div>
2518       <div class="tags">
2519
2520
2521         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
2522
2523
2524       </div>
2525     </div>
2526     <div class="padding"></div>
2527
2528     <div class="entry">
2529       <div class="title">
2530         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fourth_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Fourth alpha release of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
2531       </div>
2532       <div class="date">
2533          3rd July 2013
2534       </div>
2535       <div class="body">
2536         <p>The fourth wheezy based alpha release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
2537 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
2538
2539 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~alpha3 released
2540 2013-07-03</strong></p>
2541
2542 <p>These are the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
2543 7.1+edu0~alpha3, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
2544
2545 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
2546
2547 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
2548 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
2549 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
2550 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
2551 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
2552 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
2553 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
2554 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
2555 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
2556 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
2557 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
2558 desktop contains
2559 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
2560 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
2561 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
2562 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
2563
2564 <p>This is the fourth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
2565 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
2566 Squeeze release.</p>
2567
2568 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
2569 <ul>
2570   <li>Dropped ispell dictionaries from our default installation.</li>
2571   <li>Dropped menu-xdg from the KDE desktop option, to drop the Debian
2572     submenu.  It was not included with Gnome, LXDE or Xfce, so this
2573     brings KDE in line with the others.</li>
2574   <li>Dropped xdrawchem, xjig and xsok from our default installation as
2575     they don't have a desktop menu entry and thus won't show up in the
2576     menu now that menu-xdg was removed.</li>
2577   <li>Removed the killer system to kill left behind processes on
2578     multi-user machines, as it was no longer able to understand when a
2579     X display was in use and killed the processes of the active users
2580     too.</li>
2581   <li>Dropped the golearn (from goplay) package as the debtags in wheezy
2582     are too few to make the package useful.</li>
2583 </ul>
2584 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
2585 <ul>
2586   <li>Updated artwork matching http://wiki.debian.org/DebianArt/Themes/Joy
2587   <li>Multi-arch i386/amd64 USB stick ISO available.</li>
2588   <li>Got rid of ispell/wordlist related debconf questions that showed
2589     up for some language options.</li>
2590   <li>Switched to using http.debian.net as APT source by default.</li>
2591   <li>Fixed proxy configuration on Main Server installations.</li>
2592   <li>Changed LTSP setup to ask dpkg to use force-unsafe-io the same way
2593     d-i is doing it.</li>
2594   <li>Made sure root and user passwords were not left behind in the
2595     debconf database after installation on Main Server installations.</li>
2596   <li>Made Roaming Workstation dynamic setup more robust and added draft
2597     script setup-ad-client to hook a Roaming Workstation up to a
2598     Active Directory server instead of a Debian Edu Main Server.</li>
2599   <li>Update system to install needed firmware packages during
2600     installation, to work properly in Wheezy.</li>
2601   <li>Update system to handle hardware quirks (debian-edu-hwsetup).</li>
2602   <li>Corrected PXE installation setup to properly pass selected desktop
2603     and keymap settings to PXE installation clients.</li>
2604   <li>LTSP diskless workstations use sshfs by default, allowing them to
2605     work without adding them to DNS and NIS netgroups for NFS access.</li>
2606 </ul>
2607 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
2608 <ul>
2609   <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
2610     available yet (698840).</li>
2611   <li>Artwork not enabled for all desktops.</li>
2612 </ul>
2613 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
2614
2615 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
2616 <ul>
2617   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso</a></li>
2618   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso</a></li>
2619   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso .</li>
2620 </ul>
2621
2622 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 2b161a99d2a848c376d8d04e3854e30c
2623 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 498922e9c508c0a7ee9dbe1dfe5bf830d779c3c8</p>
2624
2625 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
2626 <ul>
2627   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso</a></li>
2628   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso</a></li>
2629   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso .</li>
2630 </ul>
2631
2632 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 25e808e403a4c15dbef1d13c37d572ac
2633 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 15ecfc93eb6b4f453b7eb0bc04b6a279262d9721</p>
2634
2635 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
2636
2637 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
2638
2639       </div>
2640       <div class="tags">
2641
2642
2643         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2644
2645
2646       </div>
2647     </div>
2648     <div class="padding"></div>
2649
2650     <div class="entry">
2651       <div class="title">
2652         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_value_of_a_good_distro_wide_test_suite___.html">The value of a good distro wide test suite...</a>
2653       </div>
2654       <div class="date">
2655         22nd June 2013
2656       </div>
2657       <div class="body">
2658         <p>In the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
2659 Skolelinux</a> project, we include a post-installation test suite,
2660 which check that services are running, working, and return the
2661 expected results.  It runs automatically just after the first boot on
2662 test installations (using test ISOs), but not on production
2663 installations (using non-test ISOs).  It test that the LDAP service is
2664 operating, Kerberos is responding, DNS is replying, file systems are
2665 online resizable, etc, etc.  And it check that the PXE service is
2666 configured, which is the topic of this post.</p>
2667
2668 <p>The last week I've fixed the DVD and USB stick ISOs for our Debian
2669 Edu Wheezy release.  These ISOs are supposed to be able to install a
2670 complete system without any Internet connection, but for that to
2671 happen all the needed packages need to be on them.  Thanks to our test
2672 suite, I discovered that we had forgotten to adjust our PXE setup to
2673 cope with the new names and paths used by the netboot d-i packages.
2674 When Internet connectivity was available, the installer fall back to
2675 using wget to fetch d-i boot images, but when offline it require
2676 working packages to get it working.  And the packages changed name
2677 from debian-installer-6.0-netboot-$arch to
2678 debian-installer-7.0-netboot-$arch, we no longer pulled in the
2679 packages during installation.  Without our test suite, I suspect we
2680 would never have discovered this before release.  Now it is fixed
2681 right after we got the ISOs operational.</p>
2682
2683 <p>Another by-product of the test suite is that we can ask system
2684 administrators with problems getting Debian Edu to work, to run the
2685 test suite using <tt>/usr/sbin/debian-edu-test-install</tt> and see if
2686 any errors are detected.  This usually pinpoint the subsystem causing
2687 the problem.</p>
2688
2689 <p>If you want to help us help kids learn how to share and create,
2690 please join us on
2691 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu on
2692 irc.debian.org</a> and the
2693 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@</a> mailing
2694 list.</p>
2695
2696       </div>
2697       <div class="tags">
2698
2699
2700         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2701
2702
2703       </div>
2704     </div>
2705     <div class="padding"></div>
2706
2707     <div class="entry">
2708       <div class="title">
2709         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Victor_Ni_u.html">Debian Edu interview: Victor Nițu</a>
2710       </div>
2711       <div class="date">
2712         17th June 2013
2713       </div>
2714       <div class="body">
2715         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
2716 Skolelinux</a> distribution have users and contributors all around the
2717 globe.  And a while back, an enterprising young man showed up on
2718 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">our IRC channel
2719 #debian-edu</a> and started asking questions about how Debian Edu
2720 worked.  We answered as good as we could, and even convinced him to
2721 help us with translations.  And today I managed to get an interview
2722 with him, to learn more about him.</p>
2723
2724 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
2725
2726 <p>I'm a 25 year old free software enthusiast, living in Romania,
2727 which is also my country of origin. Back in 2009, at a New Year's Eve
2728 party, I had a very nice <strike>beer</strike> discussion with a
2729 friend, when we realized we have no organised Debian community in our
2730 country. A few days later, we put together the infrastructure for such
2731 community and even gathered a nice Debian-ish crowd. Since then, I
2732 began my quest as a free software hacker and activist and I am
2733 constantly trying to cover as much ground as possible on that
2734 field.</p>
2735
2736 <p>A few years ago I founded a small web development company, which
2737 provided me the flexible schedule I needed so much for my
2738 activities. For the last 13 months, I have been the Technical Director
2739 of <a href="http://ceata.org/">Fundația Ceata</a>, which is a free
2740 software activist organisation endorsed by the FSF and the FSFE, and
2741 the only one we have in our country.</p>
2742
2743 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
2744 project?</strong></p>
2745
2746 <p>The idea of participating in the Debian Edu project was a surprise
2747 even to me, since I never used it before I began getting involved in
2748 it. This year I had a great opportunity to deliver a talk on
2749 educational software, and I knew immediately where to look. It was a
2750 love at first sight, since I was previously involved with some of the
2751 technologies the project incorporates, and I rapidly found a lot of
2752 ways to contribute.</p>
2753
2754 <p>My first contributions consisted in translating the installer and
2755 configuration dialogs, then I found some bugs to squash (I still
2756 haven't fixed them yet though), and I even got my eyes on some other
2757 areas where I can prove myself helpful. Since the appetite for free
2758 software in my country is pretty low, I'll be happy to be the first
2759 one around here advocating for the project's adoption in educational
2760 environments, and maybe even get my hands dirty in creating a flavour
2761 for our own needs. I am not used to make very advanced plannings, so
2762 from now on, time will tell what I'll be doing next, but I think I
2763 have a pretty consistent starting point.</p>
2764
2765 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
2766 Edu?</strong></p>
2767
2768 <p>Not a long time ago, I was in the position of configuring and
2769 maintaining a LDAP server on some Debian derivative, and I must say it
2770 took me a while. A long time ago, I was maintaining a bigger
2771 Samba-powered infrastructure, and I must say I spent quite a lot of
2772 time on it. I have similar stories about many of the services included
2773 with Skolelinux, and the main advantage I see about it is the
2774 out-of-the box availability of them, making it quite competitive when
2775 it comes to managing a school's network, for example.</p>
2776
2777 <p>Of course, there is more to say about Skolelinux than the
2778 availability of the software included, its flexibility in various
2779 scenarios is something I can't wait to experiment "into the wild" (I
2780 only played with virtual machines so far). And I am sure there is a
2781 lot more I haven't discovered yet about it, being so new within the
2782 project.</p>
2783
2784 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2785 Edu?</strong></p>
2786
2787 <p>As usual, when it comes to Debian Blends, I see as the biggest
2788 disadvantage the lack of a numerous team dedicated to the
2789 project. Every day I see the same names in the changelogs, and I have
2790 a constantly fear of the bus factor in this story.  I'd like to see
2791 Debian Edu advertised more as an entry point into the Debian
2792 ecosystem, especially amongst newcomers and students. IMHO there are a
2793 lot low-hanging fruits in terms of bug squashing, and enough
2794 opportunities to get the feeling of the Debian Project's dynamics. Not
2795 to mention it's a very fun blend to work on!</p>
2796
2797 <p>Derived from the previous statement, is the delay in catching up
2798 with the main Debian release and documentation. This is common though
2799 to all blends and derivatives, but it's an issue we can all work
2800 on.</p>
2801
2802 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
2803
2804 <p>I can hardly imagine myself spending a day without Vim, since my
2805 daily routine covers writing code and hacking configuration files. I
2806 am a fan of the Awesome window manager (but I also like the
2807 Enlightenment project a lot!),
2808 <a href="http://www.claws-mail.org/‎">Claws Mail</a> due to its ease of
2809 use and very configurable behaviour. Recently I fell in love with
2810 <a href="https://launchpad.net/redshift">Redshift</a>, which helps me
2811 get through the night without headaches. Of course, there is much more
2812 stuff in this bag, but I'll need a blog on my own for doing this!</p>
2813
2814 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
2815 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
2816
2817 <p>Well, on this field, I cannot do much more than experiment right
2818 now. So, being far from having a recipe for success, I can only assume
2819 that:</p>
2820
2821 <ul>
2822
2823 <li>schools would like to get rid of proprietary software</li>
2824
2825 <li>students will love the openness of the system, and will want to
2826     experiment with it - maybe we need to harvest the native curiosity
2827     of teenagers more?</li>
2828
2829 <li>there is no "right one" when it comes to strategies, but it would
2830     be useful to have some success stories published somewhere, so
2831     other can get some inspiration from them (I know I'd promote
2832     them!)</li>
2833
2834 <li>more active promotion - talks, conferences, even small school
2835     lectures can do magical things if they encounter at least one
2836     person interested. Who knows who that person might be? ;-)</li>
2837
2838 </ul>
2839
2840 <p>I also see some problems in getting Skolelinux into schools; for
2841 example, in our country we have a great deal of corruption issues, so
2842 it might be hard(er) to fight against proprietary solutions. Also,
2843 people who relied on commercial software for all their lives, would be
2844 very hard to convert against their will.</p>
2845
2846       </div>
2847       <div class="tags">
2848
2849
2850         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
2851
2852
2853       </div>
2854     </div>
2855     <div class="padding"></div>
2856
2857     <div class="entry">
2858       <div class="title">
2859         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Jonathan_Carter.html">Debian Edu interview: Jonathan Carter</a>
2860       </div>
2861       <div class="date">
2862         12th June 2013
2863       </div>
2864       <div class="body">
2865         <p>There is a certain cross-over between the
2866 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
2867 project</a> and <a href="http://www.edubuntu.org/">the Edubuntu
2868 project</a>, and for example the LTSP packages in Debian are a joint
2869 effort between the projects.  One person with a foot in both camps is
2870 Jonathan Carter, which I am now happy to present to you.</p>
2871
2872 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
2873
2874 <p>I'm a South-African free software geek who lives in Cape Town. My
2875 days vary quite a bit since I'm involved in too many things. As I'm
2876 getting older I'm learning how to focus a bit more :)</p>
2877
2878 <p>I'm also an Edubuntu contributor and I love when there are
2879 opportunities for the Edubuntu and Debian Edu projects to benefit from
2880 each other.</p>
2881
2882 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
2883 project?</strong></p>
2884
2885 <p>I've been somewhat familiar with the project before, but I think my
2886 first direct exposure to the project was when I met Petter
2887 [Reinholdtsen] and Knut [Yrvin] at the Edubuntu summit in 2005 in
2888 London. They provided great feedback that helped the bootstrapping of
2889 Edubuntu. Back then Edubuntu (and even Ubuntu) was still very new and
2890 it was great getting input from people who have been around longer. I
2891 was also still very excitable and said yes to everything and to this
2892 day I have a big todo list backlog that I'm catching up with. I think
2893 over the years the relationship between Edubuntu and Debian-Edu has
2894 been gradually improving, although I think there's a lot that we could
2895 still improve on in terms of working together on packages. I'm sure
2896 we'll get there one day.</p>
2897
2898 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2899 Edu?</strong></p>
2900
2901 <p>Debian itself already has so many advantages. I could go on about
2902 it for pages, but in essence I love that it's a very honest project
2903 that puts its users first with no hidden agendas and also produces
2904 very high quality work.</p>
2905
2906 <p>I think the advantage of Debian Edu is that it makes many common
2907 set-up tasks simpler so that administrators can get up and running
2908 with a lot less effort and frustration. At the same time I think it
2909 helps to standardise installations in schools so that it's easier for
2910 community members and commercial suppliers to support.</p>
2911
2912 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2913 Edu?</strong></p>
2914
2915 <p>I had to re-type this one a few times because I'm trying to
2916 separate "disadvantages" from "areas that need improvement" (which is
2917 what I originally rambled on about)</p>
2918
2919 <p>The biggest disadvantage I can think of is lack of manpower. The
2920 project could do so much more if there were more good contributors. I
2921 think some of the problems are external too. Free software and free
2922 content in education is a no-brainer but it takes some time to catch
2923 on. When you've been working with the same proprietary eco-system for
2924 years and have gotten used to it, it can be hard to adjust to some
2925 concepts in the free software world. It would be nice if there were
2926 more Debian Edu consultants across the world. I'd love to be one
2927 myself but I'm already so over-committed that it's just not possible
2928 currently.</p>
2929
2930 <p>I think the best short-term solution to that large-scale problem is
2931 for schools to be pro-active and share their experiences and grow
2932 their skills in-house. I'm often saddened to see how much money
2933 educational institutions spend on 3rd party solutions that they don't
2934 have access to after the service has ended and they could've gotten so
2935 much more value otherwise by being more self-sustainable and
2936 autonomous.</p>
2937
2938 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
2939
2940 <p>My main laptop dual-boots between Debian and Windows 7. I was
2941 Windows free for years but started dual-booting again last year for
2942 some games which help me focus and relax (Starcraft II in
2943 particular). Gaming support on Linux is improving in leaps and bounds
2944 so I suppose I'll soon be able to regain that disk space :)</p>
2945
2946 <p>Besides that I rely on Icedove, Chromium, Terminator, Byobu, irssi,
2947 git, Tomboy, KVM, VLC and LibreOffice. Recently I've been torn on
2948 which desktop environment I like and I'm taking some refuge in Xfce
2949 while I figure that out. I like tools that keep things simple. I enjoy
2950 Python and shell scripting. I went to an Arduino workshop recently and
2951 it was awesome seeing how easy and simple the IDE software was to get
2952 up and running in Debian compared to the users running Windows and OS
2953 X.</p>
2954
2955 <p>I also use mc which some people frown upon slightly. I got used to
2956 using Norton Commander in the early 90's and it stuck (I think the
2957 people who sneer at it is just jealous that they don't know how to use
2958 it :p)
2959
2960 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
2961 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
2962
2963 <p>I think trying to force it is unproductive. I also think that in
2964 many cases it's appropriate for schools to use non-free systems and I
2965 don't think that there's any particular moral or ethical problem with
2966 that.</p>
2967
2968 <p>I do think though that free software can already solve so so many
2969 problems in educational institutions and it's just a shame not taking
2970 advantage of that.</p>
2971
2972 <p>I also think that some curricula need serious review. For example,
2973 some areas of the world rely heavily on very specific versions of MS
2974 Office, teaching students to parrot menu items instead of learning the
2975 general concepts. I think that's very unproductive because firstly, MS
2976 Office's interface changes drastically every few years and on top of
2977 that it also locks in a generation to a product that might not be the
2978 best solution for them.</p>
2979
2980 <p>To answer your question, I believe that the right strategy is to
2981 educate and inform, giving someone the information they require to
2982 make a decision that would work for them.</p>
2983
2984       </div>
2985       <div class="tags">
2986
2987
2988         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
2989
2990
2991       </div>
2992     </div>
2993     <div class="padding"></div>
2994
2995     <div class="entry">
2996       <div class="title">
2997         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Third alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
2998       </div>
2999       <div class="date">
3000         10th June 2013
3001       </div>
3002       <div class="body">
3003         <p>The third wheezy based alpha release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
3004 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
3005
3006 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.0.0 alpha2 released
3007 2013-06-10</strong></p>
3008
3009 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux 7.0.0 edu
3010 alpha2, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
3011
3012 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
3013
3014 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
3015 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
3016 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
3017 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
3018 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
3019 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
3020 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
3021 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
3022 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
3023 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
3024 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
3025 desktop contains
3026 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
3027 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
3028 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
3029 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
3030
3031 <p>This is the third test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
3032 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
3033 Squeeze release.</p>
3034
3035 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
3036
3037 <ul>
3038
3039 <li>Iceweasel was updated from 10 to 17. (DSA 2699-1)
3040 <li>Updated libxv (DSA-2674), libxvmc (DSA-2675), libxfixes (DSA-2676), libxrender (DSA-2677), mesa (DSA-2678), xserver-xorg-video-openchrome (DSA-2679), libxt (DSA-2680), libxcursor (DSA-2681), libxext (DSA-2682), libxi (DSA-2683), libxrandr (DSA-2684), libxp (DSA-2685), libxcb (DSA-2686), libfs (DSA-2687), libxres (DSA-2688), libxtst (DSA-2689), libxxf86dga (DSA-2690), libxinerama (DSA-2691), libxxf86vm (DSA-2692), libx11 (DSA-2693), chromium-browser (DSA-2695), gnutls26 (DSA-2697), wireshark (DSA-2700), krb5 (DSA-2701), telepathy-gabble (DSA-2702) and subversion (DSA-2703).
3041 <li>Switched xrdp on thin client servers to use tightvncserver instead of xvnc4.
3042 <li>Now install software oscilloscope xoscope by default.
3043 <li>Now install music tools gtick, lingot and pianobooster by default.
3044
3045 </ul>
3046
3047 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
3048
3049 <ul>
3050
3051 <li>The subnet-change script is now able to change all files needing a change on the main-server when changing the IP network used.
3052 <li>Updated translation of the installation.
3053 <li>New Romanian translation.
3054 <li>Fix security problem causing root and first user password to no longer show up in /var/cache/debconf/templates.dat.
3055 <li>Fix roaming workstation setup (Closed in libpam-mklocaluser/0.8, libpam-mklocaluser/0.8~deb7u1: #706753: libpam-mklocaluser: Fail to create local user during first login).
3056 <li>Made roaming workstation setup more robust in non-Debian Edu environments.
3057 <li>New script debian-edu-bless to transform a Debian installation to a Debian Edu profile.
3058 <li>Adjust Iceweasel setup to improve performance when $HOME is on NFS.
3059 <li>More testsuite tests.
3060 <li>Make automatic proxy configuration more robust.
3061 <li>Adjust GOsa² GUI configuration.
3062
3063 <li>Update thin client and diskless workstation setup to work with
3064 LTSP in Wheezy.</li>
3065
3066 <li>Diskless workstations now run out of the box -- no need to set
3067 them up with GOsa².</li>
3068
3069 <li>Update IMAP server setup. </li>
3070
3071 <li>Fix login into Skolelinux Backup Tool (Closed in
3072 slbackup-php/0.4.4-1: #700257: slbackup-php: Fails to submit correctly
3073 entered password). </li>
3074
3075 </ul>
3076
3077 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
3078
3079 <ul>
3080
3081 <li>DVD binary and source images are not yet ready.</li>
3082
3083 <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
3084 available yet (Open in gosa/2.7.4-4: #698840: gosa-plugin-ldapmanager:
3085 missing import feature).</li>
3086
3087 <li>Missing artwork for the KDE desktop (and probably a few others). </li>
3088
3089 <li>KDE Debian submenu lacks icons (Closed: #502192: menu-xdg: invents
3090 own icon names instead of using existing). This will remain
3091 unfixed.</li>
3092
3093 </ul>
3094
3095 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
3096
3097 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
3098
3099 <ul>
3100
3101 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso</a></li>
3102
3103 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso</a></li>
3104
3105 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso .</li>
3106
3107 </ul>
3108
3109 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 27bbcace407743382f3c42c08dbe8178
3110 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: e35f7d7908566cd3075375b3721fa10ee420d419</p>
3111
3112 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
3113
3114 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
3115
3116       </div>
3117       <div class="tags">
3118
3119
3120         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3121
3122
3123       </div>
3124     </div>
3125     <div class="padding"></div>
3126
3127     <div class="entry">
3128       <div class="title">
3129         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Is_there_a_PHP_expert_in_the_building___Debian_Edu_need_help_.html">Is there a PHP expert in the building?  Debian Edu need help!</a>
3130       </div>
3131       <div class="date">
3132          5th June 2013
3133       </div>
3134       <div class="body">
3135         <p>Here is a call for help from the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project.
3136 We have two problems blocking the release of the Wheezy version we
3137 hope to get released soon.  The two problems require some with PHP
3138 skills, and we seem to lack anyone with both time and PHP skills in
3139 the project:
3140
3141 <ol>
3142
3143 <li>It is impossible to log into the slbackup web interface
3144   (slbackup-php) using the root user and password.  This is
3145   <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/700257">BTS report #700257</a>.
3146   This used to work, but stopped working some time since Squeeze.
3147   Perhaps some obsolete PHP feature was used?</li>
3148
3149 <li>It is not possible to "mass import" user lists in Gosa, neither
3150   using ldif nor using CSV files.  The feature was disabled after a
3151   major rewrite of Gosa, and need to be ported to the new system.
3152   This is <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/698840">BTS report
3153   #698840</a>.</li>
3154
3155 </ol>
3156
3157 <p>If you can help us, please join us on IRC
3158 (<a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu on
3159 irc.debian.org</a>) and provide patches via the BTS.</p>
3160
3161       </div>
3162       <div class="tags">
3163
3164
3165         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3166
3167
3168       </div>
3169     </div>
3170     <div class="padding"></div>
3171
3172     <div class="entry">
3173       <div class="title">
3174         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__C_dric_Boutillier.html">Debian Edu interview: Cédric Boutillier</a>
3175       </div>
3176       <div class="date">
3177          4th June 2013
3178       </div>
3179       <div class="body">
3180         <p>It has been a while since my last English
3181 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
3182 interview last November.  But the developers and translators are still
3183 pulling along to get the Wheezy based release out the door, and this
3184 time I managed to get an interview from one of the French translators
3185 in the project, Cédric Boutillier.</p>
3186
3187 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
3188
3189 <p>I am 34 year old. I live near Paris, France. I am an assistant
3190 professor in probability theory. I spend my daytime teaching
3191 mathematics at the university and doing fundamental research in
3192 probability in connexion with combinatorics and statistical physics.</p>
3193
3194 <p>I have been involved in the Debian project for a couple of years
3195 and became Debian Developer a few months ago. I am working on Ruby
3196 packaging, publicity and translation.</p>
3197
3198 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
3199 project?</strong></p>
3200
3201 <p>I came to the Debian Edu project after a call for translation of
3202 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Manuals">the
3203 Debian Edu manual</a> for the release of Debian Edu Squeeze. Since
3204 then, I have been working on updating the French translation of the
3205 manual.
3206
3207 <p>I had the opportunity to make an installation of Debian Edu in a
3208 virtual machine when I was preparing localised version of some screen
3209 shots for the manual. I was amazed to see it worked out of the box and
3210 how comprehensive the list of software installed by default was.</p>
3211
3212 <p>What amazed me was the complete network infrastructure directly
3213 ready to use, which can and the nice administration interface provided
3214 by <a href="https://oss.gonicus.de/labs/gosa/">GOsa²</a>.  What pleased
3215 me also was the fact that among the software installed by default,
3216 there were many "traditional" educative software to learn languages,
3217 to count, to program... but also software to develop creativity and
3218 artistic skills with music (<a href="http://ardour.org/">Ardour</a>,
3219 <a href="http://audacity.sourceforge.net/">Audacity</a>) and
3220 movies/animation (I was especially thinking of
3221 <a href="http://linuxstopmotion.sourceforge.net/">Stopmotion</a>).</p>
3222
3223 <p>I am following the development of Debian Edu and am hanging out on
3224 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu</a>.
3225 Unfortunately, I don't much time to get more involved in this
3226 beautiful project.</p>
3227
3228 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
3229 Edu?</strong></p>
3230
3231 <p>For me, the main advantages of Skolelinux/Debian Edu are its
3232 community of experts and its precise documentation, as well as the
3233 fact that it provides a solution ready to use.</p>
3234
3235 <p>I would add also the fact that it is based on the rock solid Debian
3236 distribution, which ensures stability and provides a huge collection
3237 of educational free software.</p>
3238
3239 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
3240 Edu?</strong></p>
3241
3242 <p>Maybe the lack of manpower to do lobbying on the
3243 project. Sometimes, people who need to take decisions concerning IT do
3244 not have all the elements to evaluate properly free software
3245 solutions. The fact that support by a company may be difficult to find
3246 is probably a problem if the school does not have IT personnel.</p>
3247
3248 <p>One can find support from a company by looking at
3249 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Help/ProfessionalHelp">the
3250 wiki dokumentation</a>, where some countries already have a number of
3251 companies providing support for Debian Edu, like Germany or
3252 Norway. This list is easy to find readily from the manual. However,
3253 for other countries, like France, the list is empty. I guess that
3254 consultants proposing support for Debian would be able to provide some
3255 support for Debian Edu as well.</p>
3256
3257 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
3258
3259 <p>I am using the KDE Plasma Desktop. But the pieces of software I use
3260 most runs in a terminal: Mutt and OfflineIMAP for emails, latex for
3261 scientific documents, mpd for music. VIM is my editor of choice.  I am
3262 also using the mathematical software
3263 <a href="http://www.scilab.org/en/scilab/about‎">Scilab</a> and
3264 <a href="http://www.sagemath.org/index.html‎">Sage</a> (built from
3265 source as not completely packaged for Debian, yet).
3266
3267 <p><strong>Do you have any suggestions for teachers interested in
3268 using the free software in Debian to teach mathematics and
3269 statistics?</strong></p>
3270
3271 <p>I do not have any "nice" recommendations for statistics. At our
3272 university, we use both <a href="http://www.r-project.org/‎">R</a> and
3273 Scilab to teach statistics and probabilistic simulations. For
3274 geometry, there are nice programs:</p>
3275
3276 <ul>
3277
3278 <li><a href="http://www.drgeo.eu/">drgeo</a> and
3279 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/applications/all/kig‎">kig</a> to do
3280 constructions in planar geometry
3281
3282 <li><a href="http://www.geom.uiuc.edu/software/download/kali.html">kali</a>
3283 to discover symmetry groups (the so-called wallpapers and frieze
3284 groups), although the interface looks a bit old.</li>
3285
3286 </ul>
3287
3288 <p>I like also
3289 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/applications/all/cantor">cantor</a>, which
3290 provides a uniform interface to SciLab, Sage,
3291 <a href="http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Octave‎">Octave</a>, etc...</p>
3292
3293 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
3294 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
3295
3296 <p>My suggestions would be to</p>
3297
3298 <ul>
3299
3300 <li>advertise the reduction of costs when free software is used.</li>
3301
3302 <li>communicate about the quality of free software projects, using
3303     well known examples like Firefox, ThunderBird and
3304     OpenOffice.org/LibreOffice.</li>
3305
3306 <li>advertise the living and strong community around the project.</li>
3307
3308 <li>show that it is not more difficult to use than any other
3309     system.</li>
3310
3311 </ul>
3312
3313       </div>
3314       <div class="tags">
3315
3316
3317         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
3318
3319
3320       </div>
3321     </div>
3322     <div class="padding"></div>
3323
3324     <div class="entry">
3325       <div class="title">
3326         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">Educational applications included in Debian Edu / Skolelinux (the screenshot collection :-)</a>
3327       </div>
3328       <div class="date">
3329          1st June 2013
3330       </div>
3331       <div class="body">
3332         <p>Included in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
3333 Skolelinux</a>, there are quite a lot of educational software.
3334 Created to help teachers teach, and pupils learn.  We have tried to
3335 tag them all using debtags use::learning and role::program, and using
3336 the debtags I was happy to be able to create a collage of the
3337 educational software packages installed by default, sorted by the
3338 debtag field.  Here it is.  Click on a image to learn more about the
3339 program.</p>
3340
3341 <!-- for f in $(debtags tagcat|grep field::|awk '{print $2}'); do   echo; echo "<p><strong>$f</strong></p>"; echo "<p>";   (     for p in $(debtags search --names "use::learning && interface::x11 && role::program && $f"); do img="<img src='http://screenshots.debian.net/thumbnail/$p' alt='$p'>"; if dpkg -s $p > /dev/null 2>&1; then           echo "<a href='http://packages.qa.debian.org/$p'>$img</a>"; fi;     done;   ) | LANG=C sort; echo "</p>"; done -->
3342
3343 <p><strong>field::arts</strong></p>
3344 <p>
3345 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=audacity'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/audacity.png' alt='audacity'></a>
3346 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
3347 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=denemo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/denemo.png' alt='denemo'></a>
3348 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=freebirth'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/freebirth.png' alt='freebirth'></a>
3349 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
3350 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gimp'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gimp.png' alt='gimp'></a>
3351 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=hydrogen'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/hydrogen.png' alt='hydrogen'></a>
3352 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=lilypond'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/lilypond.png' alt='lilypond'></a>
3353 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=lmms'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/lmms.png' alt='lmms'></a>
3354 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=rosegarden'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/rosegarden.png' alt='rosegarden'></a>
3355 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scribus'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scribus.png' alt='scribus'></a>
3356 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=solfege'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/solfege.png' alt='solfege'></a>
3357 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=stopmotion'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/stopmotion.png' alt='stopmotion'></a>
3358 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=tuxpaint'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/tuxpaint.png' alt='tuxpaint'></a>
3359 </p>
3360
3361 <p><strong>field::astronomy</strong></p>
3362 <p>
3363 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=celestia-gnome'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/celestia-gnome.png' alt='celestia-gnome'></a>
3364 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gpredict'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gpredict.png' alt='gpredict'></a>
3365 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kstars'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kstars.png' alt='kstars'></a>
3366 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=planets'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/planets.png' alt='planets'></a>
3367 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=stellarium'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/stellarium.png' alt='stellarium'></a>
3368 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xplanet'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xplanet.png' alt='xplanet'></a>
3369 </p>
3370
3371 <p><strong>field::biology:structural</strong></p>
3372 <p>
3373 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=pymol'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/pymol.png' alt='pymol'></a>
3374 </p>
3375
3376 <p><strong>field::chemistry</strong></p>
3377 <p>
3378 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=atomix'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/atomix.png' alt='atomix'></a>
3379 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=chemtool'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/chemtool.png' alt='chemtool'></a>
3380 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=easychem'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/easychem.png' alt='easychem'></a>
3381 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gchempaint'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gchempaint.png' alt='gchempaint'></a>
3382 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gdis'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gdis.png' alt='gdis'></a>
3383 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=ghemical'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/ghemical.png' alt='ghemical'></a>
3384 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gperiodic'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gperiodic.png' alt='gperiodic'></a>
3385 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kalzium'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kalzium.png' alt='kalzium'></a>
3386 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=pymol'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/pymol.png' alt='pymol'></a>
3387 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=viewmol'>[viewmol]</a>
3388 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xdrawchem'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xdrawchem.png' alt='xdrawchem'></a>
3389 </p>
3390
3391 <p><strong>field::electronics</strong></p>
3392 <p>
3393 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
3394 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gpsim'>[gpsim]</a>
3395 </p>
3396
3397 <p><strong>field::geography</strong></p>
3398 <p>
3399 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kgeography'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kgeography.png' alt='kgeography'></a>
3400 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=marble'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/marble.png' alt='marble'></a>
3401 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xplanet'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xplanet.png' alt='xplanet'></a>
3402 </p>
3403
3404 <p><strong>field::linguistics</strong></p>
3405 <p>
3406 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
3407 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kanagram'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kanagram.png' alt='kanagram'></a>
3408 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=khangman'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/khangman.png' alt='khangman'></a>
3409 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=klettres'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/klettres.png' alt='klettres'></a>
3410 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=parley'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/parley.png' alt='parley'></a>
3411 </p>
3412
3413 <p><strong>field::mathematics</strong></p>
3414 <p>
3415 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
3416 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=drgeo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/drgeo.png' alt='drgeo'></a>
3417 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
3418 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=geogebra'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/geogebra.png' alt='geogebra'></a>
3419 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=geomview'>[geomview]</a>
3420 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=grace'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/grace.png' alt='grace'></a>
3421 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=graphmonkey'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/graphmonkey.png' alt='graphmonkey'></a>
3422 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=graphthing'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/graphthing.png' alt='graphthing'></a>
3423 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kalgebra'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kalgebra.png' alt='kalgebra'></a>
3424 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kbruch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kbruch.png' alt='kbruch'></a>
3425 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kig'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kig.png' alt='kig'></a>
3426 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kmplot'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kmplot.png' alt='kmplot'></a>
3427 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=mathwar'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/mathwar.png' alt='mathwar'></a>
3428 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=rocs'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/rocs.png' alt='rocs'></a>
3429 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scratch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scratch.png' alt='scratch'></a>
3430 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=tuxmath'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/tuxmath.png' alt='tuxmath'></a>
3431 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xabacus'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xabacus.png' alt='xabacus'></a>
3432 </p>
3433
3434 <p><strong>field::physics</strong></p>
3435 <p>
3436 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
3437 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=step'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/step.png' alt='step'></a>
3438 </p>
3439
3440 <p><strong>field::TODO</strong></p>
3441 <p>
3442 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=blinken'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/blinken.png' alt='blinken'></a>
3443 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=cgoban'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/cgoban.png' alt='cgoban'></a>
3444 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
3445 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
3446 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gnuchess'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gnuchess.png' alt='gnuchess'></a>
3447 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gnugo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gnugo.png' alt='gnugo'></a>
3448 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gtans'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gtans.png' alt='gtans'></a>
3449 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=ktouch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/ktouch.png' alt='ktouch'></a>
3450 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=librecad'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/librecad.png' alt='librecad'></a>
3451 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scratch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scratch.png' alt='scratch'></a>
3452 </p>
3453
3454 <p>In total, 61 applications.  3 of them lacked screen shots on
3455 <a href="http://screenshot.debian.net">screenshot.debian.net</a>.  If
3456 you know of some packages we should install by default, please let us
3457 know on <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">IRC, #debian-edu
3458 on irc.debian.org</a>, or our
3459 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">mailing list
3460 debian-edu@</a>.</p>
3461
3462       </div>
3463       <div class="tags">
3464
3465
3466         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3467
3468
3469       </div>
3470     </div>
3471     <div class="padding"></div>
3472
3473     <div class="entry">
3474       <div class="title">
3475         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Nirosan_Thiyagalingam.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Nirosan Thiyagalingam</a>
3476       </div>
3477       <div class="date">
3478         24th May 2013
3479       </div>
3480       <div class="body">
3481         <p>En ting
3482 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektet</a> har
3483 hatt mye glede av er studentprosjekter.  F.eks.  er
3484 <a href="http://linuxstopmotion.org/">stillbildeanimasjonssystemet
3485 Stopmotion</a> resultat av et studentprosjekt i Skolelinux.  De siste
3486 månedene har en ivrig student veiledet av Marius Kotsbak i
3487 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRiSK</a> testet hva en
3488 kan få til med en datamaskin til NOK 400,- (antagelig 1700,- med
3489 skjerm, tastatur og mus) når det brukes i Skolelinux.  Jeg spurte han
3490 om et intervju.</p>
3491
3492 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
3493
3494 <p>Jeg heter Nirosan Thiyagalingam. Jeg er 24 år og studerer
3495 dataingeniør studiet ved Høgskolen i Sør Trøndelag. Interessen for
3496 data har siden ung alder vært tilstede og jeg har i tillegg alltid
3497 vært glad i å lære nye ting. Med teknologi som endres svært hurtig er
3498 det alltid noe nytt å lære.  Noe som igjen har gjort det svært
3499 interessant å følge med på utviklingen.  Jeg valgte dataingeniør
3500 studiet grunnet ønske om å lære enda mer om programmering og utvikling
3501 av store systemer.</p>
3502
3503 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
3504
3505 <p>Skolelinux prosjektet hørte jeg først om i media. Men det var først
3506 når jeg skulle velge bacheloroppgave at jeg fattet mer interesse for
3507 prosjektet. Et enkelt søk på nettet førte meg til skolelinux sine
3508 hjemmesider.  Informasjonen jeg fant der gjorde meg enda nysgjerrig og
3509 jeg valgte derfor en oppgave som gikk ut på å få en
3510 <a href="http://www.raspberrypi.org">Raspberry PI</a>.  Altså en
3511 ultra-billig datamaskin til å kjøre Debian Edu på lik linje med
3512 vanlige datamaskiner. I løpet av prosjektet ble det gjort mye
3513 forskning på nettet. Det var mye jeg måtte forstå rundt hvordan
3514 operativsystemet Linux fungerte før jeg kunne angripe
3515 problemet. Prøvde først å finne ut hvordan man kunne transformere en
3516 vanlig installasjon av Skolelinux til Raspberry PI, men dette var
3517 altfor vanskelig å jeg endte opp med mer spørsmål enn svar. Det ble
3518 videre opprettet kontakt med Skolelinux utviklere på IRC der jeg fikk
3519 diskutert hvilken retning jeg burde gå for å få til en fullverdig
3520 løsning. Det ble bestemt at jeg skulle gå for å først installere
3521 <a href="http://www.raspbian.org/">Raspian</a>. Dette er et
3522 operativsystem basert på Debian spesiallaget for Raspberry Pi sin
3523 maskinvare. Nå som Debian var installert på datamaskinen gjenstod det
3524 å installere de nødvendige Skolelinux pakkene for å få til et
3525 fullverdig system. Disse pakkene ble installert manuelt i første
3526 omgang, men ble senere installert automatisk via et script som Petter
3527 Reinholdtsen laget. Dette scriptet er så enkel å bruke at man er i
3528 gang med installasjonen i løpet av bare 5 minutter. Ikke nok med det,
3529 alt skjer helt automatisk. Alt i alt er jeg veldig fornøyd med
3530 resultatet av installasjonsprosessen. Raspberry Pi er en veldig svak
3531 maskin og det merkes godt når man har installert Skolelinux på
3532 den. Video og 3D-rendering fungerer utrolig dårlig, men nettsurfing og
3533 kontorprogrammer fungerer godt.  Det kan derfor konkluderes med at
3534 datamaskinen er egnet for enkle oppgaver.
3535
3536 <p>Jeg syns det er viktig påpeke at dette kun er startfasen av en slik
3537 løsning. På markedet finnes det nå maskiner som har bedre hardware enn
3538 Raspberry Pi. Det er store muligheter for at man kan klare å
3539 installere Skolelinux på disse også, og da forsvinner nok mest
3540 sannsynlig ytelsesproblemene med Video og 3D rendering også.</p>
3541
3542 <p>Det ble også prøvd med en løsning som gjorde at Raspberry Pi
3543 fungerte som en tynnklient. Denne løsningen hadde langt bedre ytelse
3544 med tanke på hastighet og brukeropplevelse. Men også her var video og
3545 3D rendering dårlig. Det ble brukt en liten Linux distribusjon kalt
3546 <a href="http://www.berryterminal.com/">BerryTerminal</a> for å få til
3547 dette.</p>
3548
3549 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
3550
3551 <p>Fordelen med Skolelinux er mange. At det er gratis er en stor
3552 fordel, men at det er så mange som er med på å utvikle det og
3553 vedlikeholde det er en enda større fordel. Allerede før jeg startet
3554 med prosjektet så jeg mange fordeler, og når jeg nærmet meg sluttfasen
3555 så jeg langt flere. At prosjektet skulle inneha en så høy kvalitet
3556 hadde jeg aldri trodd. En vanlig Skolelinux installasjon har de
3557 nødvendige programmene og funksjonen som både små og store skoler i
3558 tillegg til organisasjoner kan klare seg med.  At prosjektet tilbyr en
3559 så komplett løsning er en kjempefordel.  Installasjonen er knirkefri
3560 og det er svært enkelt å installere og komme i gang.</p>
3561
3562 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
3563
3564 <p>Ulempene jeg ser med prosjektet er ryddigheten av websidene. Selv
3565 om websidene er enkle og konsise er det allikevel ikke appellerende i
3566 like stor grad som for eksempel
3567 <a href="http://www.ubuntu.com">Ubuntu</a> sine sider.  Deres side
3568 tilbyr, i tillegg til godt design og presentasjon, en nettbasert
3569 emulator av deres operativsystem. Dette er en stor fordel slik jeg ser
3570 det.  Bortsett fra dette ser jeg absolutt ingen ulemper med
3571 Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
3572
3573 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
3574
3575 <p>Til daglig er jeg en flittig bruker av det åpne media
3576 sentersystemet <a href="http://xbmc.org/">XBMC</a>. Det enorme
3577 samfunnet rundt dette prosjektet har gjort dette til et program som
3578 dekker alles behov. Man kan tilpasse det akkurat slik man vil både med
3579 tanke på utseende og funksjoner ved installere plug-ins eller
3580 scripts.</p>
3581
3582 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
3583 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
3584
3585 <p>Strategien som burde brukes sett fra mine øyne er
3586 markedsføring. Jeg er sikker på at om flere skoler fikk et lite innsyn
3587 i hvor bra Skolelinux er så ville de ikke nølt med å gå over fra noe
3588 annet som koster de store summer. At skolelinux til de grader tilbyr
3589 en så komplett løsning bure komme frem. Enten via reklamekampanjer
3590 eller ved å sende ut folk til skoler for så å la skolenettverk
3591 ansvarlige få teste ut hvordan Skolelinux fungerer i praksis. Om det
3592 i tillegg ble utviklet gode websider og en emulator for å la brukere
3593 prøve operativsystemet ville nok dette ha styrket inntrykket
3594 betraktelig.</p>
3595
3596       </div>
3597       <div class="tags">
3598
3599
3600         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
3601
3602
3603       </div>
3604     </div>
3605     <div class="padding"></div>
3606
3607     <div class="entry">
3608       <div class="title">
3609         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_transform_a_Debian_based_system_to_a_Debian_Edu_installation.html">How to transform a Debian based system to a Debian Edu installation</a>
3610       </div>
3611       <div class="date">
3612         17th May 2013
3613       </div>
3614       <div class="body">
3615         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> is
3616 an operating system based on Debian intended for use in schools.  It
3617 contain a turn-key solution for the computer network provided to
3618 pupils in the primary schools.  It provide both the central server,
3619 network boot servers and desktop environments with heaps of
3620 educational software.  The project was founded almost 12 years ago,
3621 2001-07-02.  If you want to support the project, which is in need for
3622 cash to fund developer gatherings and other project related activity,
3623 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/donations.html">please
3624 donate some money</a>.
3625
3626 <p>A topic that come up again and again on the Debian Edu mailing
3627 lists and elsewhere, is the question on how to transform a Debian or
3628 Ubuntu installation into a Debian Edu installation.  It isn't very
3629 hard, and last week I wrote a script to replicate the steps done by
3630 the Debian Edu installer.</p>
3631
3632 <p>The script,
3633 <a href="http://anonscm.debian.org/viewvc/debian-edu/branches/wheezy/debian-edu-config/share/debian-edu-config/tools/debian-edu-bless?view=markup">debian-edu-bless<a/>
3634 in the debian-edu-config package, will go through these six steps and
3635 transform an existing Debian Wheezy or Ubuntu (untested) installation
3636 into a Debian Edu Workstation:</p>
3637
3638 <ol>
3639
3640 <li>Add skolelinux related APT sources.</li>
3641 <li>Create /etc/debian-edu/config with the wanted configuration.</li>
3642 <li>Install debian-edu-install to load preseeding values and pull in
3643     our configuration.</li>
3644 <li>Preseed debconf database with profile setup in
3645     /etc/debian-edu/config, and run tasksel to install packages
3646     according to the profile specified in the config above,
3647     overriding some of the Debian automation machinery.</li>
3648 <li>Run debian-edu-cfengine-D installation to configure everything
3649     that could not be done using preseeding.</li>
3650 <li>Ask for a reboot to enable all the configuration changes.</li>
3651
3652 </ol>
3653
3654 <p>There are some steps in the Debian Edu installation that can not be
3655 replicated like this.  Disk partitioning and LVM setup, for example.
3656 So this script just assume there is enough disk space to install all
3657 the needed packages.</p>
3658
3659 <p>The script was created to help a Debian Edu student working on
3660 setting up <a href="http://www.raspberrypi.org">Raspberry Pi</a> as a
3661 Debian Edu client, and using it he can take the existing
3662 <a href="http://www.raspbian.org/FrontPage‎">Raspbian</a> installation and
3663 transform it into a fully functioning Debian Edu Workstation (or
3664 Roaming Workstation, or whatever :).</p>
3665
3666 <p>The default setting in the script is to create a KDE Workstation.
3667 If a LXDE based Roaming workstation is wanted instead, modify the
3668 PROFILE and DESKTOP values at the top to look like this instead:</p>
3669
3670 <p><pre>
3671 PROFILE="Roaming-Workstation"
3672 DESKTOP="lxde"
3673 </pre></p>
3674
3675 <p>The script could even become useful to set up Debian Edu servers in
3676 the cloud, by starting with a virtual Debian installation at some
3677 virtual hosting service and setting up all the services on first
3678 boot.</p>
3679
3680       </div>
3681       <div class="tags">
3682
3683
3684         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3685
3686
3687       </div>
3688     </div>
3689     <div class="padding"></div>
3690
3691     <div class="entry">
3692       <div class="title">
3693         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Second alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
3694       </div>
3695       <div class="date">
3696         14th May 2013
3697       </div>
3698       <div class="body">
3699         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
3700 project</a> is making great progress and made its second Wheezy based
3701 release today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
3702
3703 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.0.0 alpha1 released
3704 2013-05-14</strong></p>
3705
3706 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux 7.0.0 edu
3707 alpha1, based on <a href="http://www.debian.org">Debian</a> with
3708 codename "Wheezy".</p>
3709
3710 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
3711
3712 <p>Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux, is a Linux distribution based
3713 on Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
3714 configured school network. Immediatly after installation a school
3715 server running all services needed for a school network is set up just
3716 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
3717 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
3718 initial installation of the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all
3719 other machines can be installed via the network.</p>
3720
3721 <p>This is the first test release based on Wheezy (which currently is
3722 not released yet). Basically this is an updated and slightly improved
3723 version compared to the Squeeze release.</p>
3724
3725 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
3726 <ul>
3727   <li>Install freemind (0.9.0) by default, and stop installing vym by
3728     default.</li>
3729   <li>Install chromium (26.0.1410.43) by default.</li>
3730   <li>Install goplay (0.5-1.1) to make golearn available by default.</li>
3731   <li>Updated support for Japanese input methods, now based on
3732     ibus-anthy.</li>
3733 </ul>
3734
3735 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
3736 <ul>
3737
3738   <li>Switched default file system from ext3 to ext4 for speed and
3739     reliability improvements.</li>
3740   <li>Got rid of unwanted winbind daemon and PAM setup activated because
3741     of <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/706434">706434</a>.</li>
3742   <li>Extended and improved the testsuite tests to detect more possible
3743     problems.</li>
3744   <li>Corrected proxy handling to not set http_proxy to a bogus
3745     direct:// URL.</li>
3746   <li>Corrected proxy setup for diskless workstations.</li>
3747   <li>Corrected PXE setup to use our updated udebs during installation.</li>
3748   <li>Made installation handling of low entropy level more robust.</li>
3749   <li>Create larger partitions for Roaming workstations and Thin client
3750     servers, to make room for all the software installed.</li>
3751   <li>Fix bug in Roaming workstation PAM setup, making it impossible to
3752     log in (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/706753">706753</a>).</li>
3753 </ul>
3754
3755 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
3756 <ul>
3757
3758   <li>IP resolution for the local hostname give useless IPv6 address
3759     (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/705900">705900</a>).  Only install
3760     libnss-myhostname on roaming workstations until it is fixed.</li>
3761   <li>DVD images are not yet ready.</li>
3762   <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
3763     available yet (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/698840">698840</a>).</li>
3764   <li>Missing artwork for the KDE desktop (and probably a few others).</li>
3765   <li>KDE Debian submenu lacks icons.</li>
3766   <li>LXDE menu lacks entry for changing GOsa password
3767     (website). Installing gosa-desktop will be an option.</li>
3768   <li>Backup configuration via web interface is impossible due to
3769     password submission problem
3770     (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/700257">700257</a>).</li>
3771
3772 </ul>
3773
3774 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
3775
3776 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
3777 <ul>
3778
3779   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</a></li>
3780   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</a></li>
3781   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</li>
3782
3783 </ul>
3784
3785 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 685ed76c1aa8e44b12d3fde21faf450b</p>
3786
3787 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 6c874de157024da13e115bab29c068080a11ec4c</p>
3788
3789 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
3790
3791 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
3792
3793       </div>
3794       <div class="tags">
3795
3796
3797         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3798
3799
3800       </div>
3801     </div>
3802     <div class="padding"></div>
3803
3804     <div class="entry">
3805       <div class="title">
3806         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Narvik_sparer_minst_9_millioner_p____bruke_Skolelinux.html">Narvik sparer minst 9 millioner på å bruke Skolelinux</a>
3807       </div>
3808       <div class="date">
3809         10th May 2013
3810       </div>
3811       <div class="body">
3812         <p>I fjor sommer ble jeg
3813 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">gledelig
3814 overrasket</a> over et oppslag i avisen Fremover om Narvik kommunes
3815 bruk av <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>.  Oppslaget
3816 var basert på et notat som besvarte spørsmål fra ordfører Tor Nysæter
3817 og rådgiver for skolesektoren, Petter Falkbu, om bruken av Skolelinux
3818 i Narvikskolene og konstnaden ved å gå over til Windows.  For litt
3819 over en uke siden siden fikk jeg endelig bedt kommunen om å få innsyn
3820 i dette notatet, og det ble oversendt på epost tirsdag.  Jeg fikk
3821 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/pub/offentliginnsyn/from-Narvik-kommune/2013-04-29-09:12-skolelinux-notat/PetterFalkbuogwindowsfornarvikskolen%20(L)351310.pdf">lagt
3822 ut notatet</a> samme dag, og fikk i dag sjekket postlista til Narvik,
3823 der jeg fant notatet som
3824 <a href="https://www.narvik.kommune.no/innsyn.aspx?response=arkivsak_detaljer&arkivsakid=2013001023&scripturi=/innsyn.aspx&skin=infolink&Mid1=301&">sak
3825 2013/1023</a>.</p>
3826
3827 <p>Notatet forteller at Narvik ville måtte betalt minst 9 millioner
3828 for å gå over til Windows på skolene.  I tillegg dokumenterer notatet
3829 at læreplanens krav oppfylles uten problemer ved bruk av Skolelinux.
3830 Jeg anbefaler alle å lese de 10 sidene med gode argumenter for å kutte
3831 unødige utgifter på IT i skoleverket. :)</p>
3832
3833       </div>
3834       <div class="tags">
3835
3836
3837         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
3838
3839
3840       </div>
3841     </div>
3842     <div class="padding"></div>
3843
3844     <div class="entry">
3845       <div class="title">
3846         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Wheezy_is_out___and_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_should_soon_follow___newinwheezy.html">Debian Wheezy is out - and Debian Edu / Skolelinux should soon follow! #newinwheezy</a>
3847       </div>
3848       <div class="date">
3849          5th May 2013
3850       </div>
3851       <div class="body">
3852         <p>When I woke up this morning, I was very happy to see that the
3853 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2013/20130504">release announcement
3854 for Debian Wheezy</a> was waiting in my mail box.  This is a great
3855 Debian release, and I expect to move my machines at home over to it fairly
3856 soon.</p>
3857
3858 <p>The new debian release contain heaps of new stuff, and one program
3859 in particular make me very happy to see included.  The
3860 <a href="http://scratch.mit.edu/">Scratch</a> program, made famous by
3861 the <a href="http://www.code.org/">Teach kids code</a> movement, is
3862 included for the first time.  Alongside similar programs like
3863 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/kturtle/">kturtle</a> and
3864 <a href="http://wiki.sugarlabs.org/go/Activities/Turtle_Art">turtleart</a>,
3865 it allow for visual programming where syntax errors can not happen,
3866 and a friendly programming environment for learning to control the
3867 computer.  Scratch will also be included in the next release of Debian
3868 Edu.</a>
3869
3870 <p>And now that Wheezy is wrapped up, we can wrap up the next Debian
3871 Edu/Skolelinux release too.  The
3872 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/2013/04/msg00132.html">first
3873 alpha release</a> went out last week, and the next should soon
3874 follow.<p>
3875
3876       </div>
3877       <div class="tags">
3878
3879
3880         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3881
3882
3883       </div>
3884     </div>
3885     <div class="padding"></div>
3886
3887     <div class="entry">
3888       <div class="title">
3889         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">First alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
3890       </div>
3891       <div class="date">
3892         26th April 2013
3893       </div>
3894       <div class="body">
3895         <p>The Debian Edu / Skolelinux project is still going strong and made
3896 its first Wheezy based release today.  This is the release
3897 announcement:</p>
3898
3899 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu ~7.0.0 alpha0 released
3900 2013-04-26</strong></p>
3901
3902 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux ~7.0.0
3903 edu alpha0, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
3904
3905 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
3906
3907 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
3908 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
3909 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
3910 network. Immediatly after installation a school server running all
3911 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
3912 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
3913 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
3914 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
3915 installed via the network.</p>
3916
3917 <p>This is the first test release based on Wheezy (which currently is
3918 not released yet). Basically this is an updated and slightly improved
3919 version compared to the Squeeze release.</p>
3920
3921 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
3922
3923 <ul>
3924 <li>Everything which is new in Debian Wheezy, eg:
3925   <ul>
3926      <li>Linux kernel 3.2.x</li>
3927      <li>Desktop environments KDE "Plasma" 4.8.4, GNOME 3.4, and LXDE 4
3928          (KDE is installed by default; to choose GNOME or LXDE: see
3929          manual.)</li>
3930      <li>Web browser Iceweasel 10 ESR</li>
3931      <li>LibreOffice 3.5.4</li>
3932      <li>LTSP 5.4.2</li>
3933      <li>GOsa 2.7.4</li>
3934      <li>CUPS print system 1.5.3</li>
3935      <li>Educational toolbox GCompris 12.01</li>
3936      <li>Music creator Rosegarden 12.04</li>
3937      <li>Image editor Gimp 2.8.2</li>
3938      <li>Virtual universe Celestia 1.6.1</li>
3939      <li>Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.11.3</li>
3940      <li>Scratch visual programming environment 1.4.0.6</li>
3941      <li>New version of debian-installer from Debian Wheezy, see
3942          <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/installmanual">installation
3943          manual</a> for more details.</li>
3944      <li>Debian Wheezy includes about 37000 packages available for
3945          installation.</li>
3946      <li>More information about Debian Wheezy 7.0 is provided in the
3947          <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/releasenotes">release notes</a> and the <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/installmanual">installation manual</a>.</li>
3948   </ul></li>
3949 </ul>
3950
3951 <p><strong>Documentation</strong></p>
3952 <ul>
3953 <li>The (<a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy">English</a>) Debian Edu Wheezy Manual is fully translated to
3954     German, French, Italian and Danish. Partly translated versions exist
3955     for Norwegian Bokmal and Spanish.</li>
3956 </ul>
3957
3958 <p><Strong>LDAP related changes</strong></p>
3959 <ul>
3960 <li>Slight changes to some objects and acls to have more types to
3961     choose from when adding systems in GOsa. Now systems can be of type
3962     server, workstation, printer, terminal or netdevice.</li>
3963 </ul>
3964
3965 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
3966 <ul>
3967 <li>LTSP clients start as diskless workstation / thin client can be
3968     configured via command line argument -- or individually adding an
3969     entry in lts.conf or LDAP.<li>
3970 <li>GOsa gui: Now some options that seemed to be available, but are non
3971     functional, are greyed out (or are not clickable). Some tabs are
3972     completely hidden to the end user, others even to the GOsa admin.</li>
3973 </ul>
3974
3975 <p><strong>Regressions</strong></p>
3976 <ul>
3977 <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv) available
3978     yet.</li>
3979 </ul>
3980
3981 <p><strong>No updated artwork</strong></p>
3982
3983 <ul>
3984 <li>Updated artwork which is visible during installation, in the login
3985     screen and as desktop wallpaper is still missing or the same as we
3986     had for our Squeeze based release.</li>
3987 </ul>
3988
3989 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
3990
3991 To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use
3992 <ul>
3993 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</a></li>
3994 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</a></li>
3995 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</li>
3996 </ul>
3997
3998 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: c5e773ddafdaa4f48c409c682f598b6c</p>
3999
4000 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 25934fabb9b7d20235499a0a51f08ce6c54215f2</p>
4001
4002 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
4003
4004 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
4005
4006       </div>
4007       <div class="tags">
4008
4009
4010         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4011
4012
4013       </div>
4014     </div>
4015     <div class="padding"></div>
4016
4017     <div class="entry">
4018       <div class="title">
4019         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_developer_gathering_in_2013_take_place_in_Trondheim.html">First Debian Edu / Skolelinux developer gathering in 2013 take place in Trondheim</a>
4020       </div>
4021       <div class="date">
4022         16th April 2013
4023       </div>
4024       <div class="body">
4025         <p>This years first <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux /
4026 Debian Edu</a> developer gathering take place the coming weekend in Trondheim.
4027 Details about the gathering can be found
4028 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering/2013-04-19-21-Trondheim">on
4029 the FRiSK wiki</a>.  The dates are 19-21th of April 2013, and online
4030 participation for those unable to make it in person is very welcome,
4031 and I plan to participate online myself as I could not leave Oslo this
4032 weekend.</p>
4033
4034 <p>The focus of the gathering is to work on the web pages and project
4035 infrastructure, and to continue the work on the Wheezy based Debian
4036 Edu release.</p>
4037
4038 <p>See you on <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">IRC, #debian-edu on irc.debian.org,</a> then?</p>
4039
4040       </div>
4041       <div class="tags">
4042
4043
4044         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4045
4046
4047       </div>
4048     </div>
4049     <div class="padding"></div>
4050
4051     <div class="entry">
4052       <div class="title">
4053         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_6_got_a_video_review_from_Pcwizz.html">Skolelinux 6 got a video review from Pcwizz</a>
4054       </div>
4055       <div class="date">
4056         17th March 2013
4057       </div>
4058       <div class="body">
4059         <p>Via
4060 <a href="https://twitter.com/pcwizz/status/313044373262716930">twitter</a>
4061 I just discovered that <a href="http://pcwizz.net/">Pcwizz</a> have
4062 done a <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wPzTZ61Pcuc">video
4063 review</a> on Youtube of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux
4064 / Debian Edu</a> version 6.  He installed the standalone profile and
4065 the video show a walk-through of of the menu content, demonstration of
4066 a few programs and his view of our distribution.</p>
4067
4068 <p>There is also some really nice quotes (transcribed by me, might
4069 have heard wrong).  While looking thought the Graphics menu:</p>
4070
4071 <blockquote>
4072 "Basically everything you ever need in a school environment."
4073 </blockquote>
4074
4075 <p>And as a general evaluation of the entire distribution:</p>
4076
4077 <blockquote>
4078 "So, yeah, a bit bloated.  It kept all the Debian stuff in there, just
4079 to keep it nice and GNU.  So, I do not want to go on about it, but
4080 lets give it 7 out of 10.  I am not going to use it.  That is because
4081 I am not deploying a school network.  There may be some mythical
4082 feature to help you deploy Skolelinux on a school network."
4083 </blockquote>
4084
4085 <p>To bad he did not test the server profile, and discovered the PXE
4086 installation option.  It make it possible to install only the main
4087 server from CD, and the rest of the machines via the net, and might be
4088 considered the mythical feature he talk about. :)</p>
4089
4090 <p>While looking through the menus, there is also this funny comment
4091 about the part of the K menu generated from the Debian menu subsystem:
4092
4093 <blockquote>
4094 "[The K menu] have a special Debian section for software that no-one
4095 is going to look at, because it contain lots of junky stuff that you
4096 actually don't need in the education distribution, but have just been
4097 included because it isn't stripped out for some reason."
4098 </blockquote>
4099
4100 <p>I guess it is yet another argument for merging the Debian menu and
4101 Gnome/KDE desktop menu entries into
4102 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/Proposals/DebianMenuUsingDesktopEntries">one
4103 consistent menu system</a> instead of two incomplete and partly
4104 inconsistent menu systems.</p>
4105
4106 <p>The entire video is available below for those accepting iframe
4107 embedding:</p>
4108
4109 <iframe width="560" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/wPzTZ61Pcuc" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
4110
4111       </div>
4112       <div class="tags">
4113
4114
4115         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
4116
4117
4118       </div>
4119     </div>
4120     <div class="padding"></div>
4121
4122     <div class="entry">
4123       <div class="title">
4124         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_Squeeze_update_released.html">First Skolelinux / Debian Edu Squeeze update released</a>
4125       </div>
4126       <div class="date">
4127          8th March 2013
4128       </div>
4129       <div class="body">
4130         <p>Last Sunday, 2013-03-03,, Holger Levsen announced the first update
4131 of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
4132 based on Debian Squeeze.  This is the first update since
4133 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">the
4134 initial release 2012-03-11</a>.  This is the
4135 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2013/03/msg00000.html">release
4136 announcement email from Holger</a>:</p>
4137
4138 <blockquote><p>Hi,</p>
4139
4140 <p>it's my pleasure to announce the immediate availability of Debian
4141 Edu 6.0.7+r1 ("Debian Edu Squeeze").</p>
4142
4143 <p>Debian Edu 6.0.7+r1 is an incremental update to Debian Edu
4144 6.0.4+r0, containing all the changes between Debian 6.0.4 and 6.0.7 as
4145 well Debian Edu specific bugfixes and enhancements. See below (in this
4146 mail) for the full list of (edu) changes.  Please see
4147 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311">http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311</a>
4148 for more information on "Debian Edu Squeeze".</p>
4149
4150 <p>Images are available for download at
4151 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/</a></p>
4152
4153 <p>md5sums:
4154 <br>1fe79eb4f0f9ae1c58fc318e26cc1e2e  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-CD.iso
4155 <br>a6ddd924a8bd9a1b5ca122e8fe1c34ec  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-DVD.iso
4156 <br>ac6c72cd7925ccec51bfbf58e2a7c69c  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-source-DVD.iso</p>
4157
4158 <p>sha1sums:
4159 <br>a4b58233b672a99c7df8dc24fb6de3327654a5c3  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-CD.iso
4160 <br>9b524915e0ff2aa793f13d93123e5bd2bab2dbaa  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-DVD.iso
4161 <br>43997614893fc5e9e59ad6ce066b05d07fd836fa  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-source-DVD.iso</p>
4162
4163 <p>These images are suitable for amd64+i386.</p>
4164
4165 <p>Changes for Debian Edu 6.0.7+r1 Codename "Squeeze", released
4166 2013-03-03:</p>
4167
4168 <ul>
4169   <li>sitesummary was updated from 0.1.3 to 0.1.8
4170   <ul>
4171         <li>Make Nagios configuration more robust and efficient</li>
4172         <li>Comply with 3.X kernel</li>
4173   </ul></li>
4174   <li>debian-edu-doc from 1.4~20120310~6.0.4+r0 to 1.4~20130228~6.0.7+r1
4175   <ul>
4176         <li>Minor updates from the wiki</li>
4177         <li>Danish translation now complete</li>
4178   </ul></li>
4179   <li>debian-edu-config from 1.453 to 1.455
4180      <ul>
4181         <li>Fix /etc/hosts for LTSP diskless workstations. Closes: #699880</li>
4182         <li>Make ltsp_local_mount script work for multiple devices.</li>
4183         <li>Correct Kerberos user policy: don't expire password after 2 days.
4184                 Closes: #664596</li>
4185         <li>Handle '#' characters in the root or first users password.
4186                 Closes: #664976</li>
4187         <li>Fixes for gosa-sync:
4188            <ul>
4189                 <li>Don't fail if password contains "</li>
4190                 <li>Don't disclose new password string in syslog</li>
4191            </ul></li>
4192         <li>Fixes for gosa-create:
4193            <ul>
4194                 <li>Invalidate libnss cache before applying changes</li>
4195                 <li>Multiple failures during mass user import into GOsa²</li>
4196                 <li>gosa-netgroups plugin: don't erase entries of attribute type
4197                          "memberNisNetgroup". Closes: #687256</li>
4198                 <li>First user now uses the same Kerberos policy as all other users</li>
4199            </ul></li>
4200         <li>Add Danish web page</li>
4201     </ul>
4202   <li>debian-edu-install from 1.528 to 1.530
4203     <ul>
4204         <li>Improve preseeding support and documentation</li>
4205     </ul></li>
4206 </ul>
4207
4208 <p>End-user documentation in English is available at
4209 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/</a>
4210 - translations to French, Italian, Danish and German are available in
4211 the debian-edu-doc package. (Other languages could use your help!)</p>
4212
4213 <p>If you want to contribute to Debian Edu, please join our
4214 mailinglist
4215 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@lists.debian.org</a>!
4216 </p></blockquote>
4217
4218 <p>I am very happy to see the fruits of a year of hard work. :)</p>
4219
4220       </div>
4221       <div class="tags">
4222
4223
4224         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4225
4226
4227       </div>
4228     </div>
4229     <div class="padding"></div>
4230
4231     <div class="entry">
4232       <div class="title">
4233         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Helge_Tore_H_yland.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Helge Tore Høyland</a>
4234       </div>
4235       <div class="date">
4236         22nd February 2013
4237       </div>
4238       <div class="body">
4239         <p>Etter en lang pause og travle uker har jeg endelig klart å få
4240 samlet et nytt intervju med en av folkene i
4241 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet.
4242 Denne gang er det Helge Tore Høyland, en mangeårig bidragsyter på
4243 epostlistene og ellers i prosjektet.</p>
4244
4245 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
4246
4247 <p>Eg er IT-konsulent/teknikker hjå eit firma i Steinkjer med navn
4248 <a href="http://unoit.no/">Uno IT</a>.  Uno IT er eit lite firma som
4249 drifter nettverk og maskiner for små og mellomstore firma
4250 Steinkjer-området. Per dags dato er me 2 ansatte. Min faglege bakgrunn
4251 er Fagbrev som it-teknikker, samt nokre fag innen nettverk- og
4252 server-drift frå HiST og NTNU. Dagleg arbeid består i oppsett av nye
4253 maskiner og hjelp til sluttbrukere, samt oppsett og vedlikehold av eit
4254 vidt spekter av fagsystemer ute hjå kunder. Erfaring med Skolelinux
4255 har eg hatt i forbindelse med drifting av
4256 <a href="http://www.bjorkly.no/">Bjørkly skule</a>, ein privat
4257 grunnskule i Namsos-området.  I dag har skulen 65 elever, 15 lærere, 1
4258 hovedserver og ca 60 klienter som kjører halvtjukt.  Eg har bygd og
4259 driftet systemet sidan summaren 2006.</p>
4260
4261 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
4262
4263 <p>Eg kom i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet via ein artikkel i eit
4264 fagblad, som eg ikkje lenger hugsar namnet på.  I og med at eg allereie
4265 hadde pusla med nettverk for ein annan skule, fatta eg straks
4266 interesse for prosjektet.</p>
4267
4268 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
4269
4270 <p>Fordelane med Skolelinux er sentralisert administrasjon og svært
4271 mange gode verktøy «ut av boksen». Veldig kjekt å kunne drifte 60
4272 klientar med berre å «bry» seg med ein server. Levetid for systemets
4273 hardware er og ein veldig fin effekt. I tillegg kjem fordelar som økt
4274 sikkerhet og mindre lisenskostnader. Etter min erfaring er det og
4275 mykje mindre driftskostnader med eit slikt system enn konkurrerande
4276 system, pga enkelhet med sentralisert administrasjon. På grunn av at
4277 Skolelinux er basert på Debian er det òg svært stabilt.</p>
4278
4279 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
4280
4281 <p>Ulemper er mangel på vilje til å følge standarer ute i markedet,
4282 som fører til mangel på støtte til nokre mykje brukte ting. Flash og
4283 Java er typiske eksempel. Sidan Debian satsar på stabilitet framfor å
4284 ha nyeste pakke av eit program, kan ein i nokre tilfeller kome borti
4285 at program vert «for gamle». Det er spesielt nettlesaren som er
4286 utsett. Mangel på vilje til å utvikle pedagogisk programvare, i Noreg,
4287 for «alle» platformer fører òg til noko hovudbry.</p>
4288
4289 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
4290
4291 <p>Til dagleg bruker eg svært mange forskjellige «fri programvare»
4292 program.  Firefox, Thunderbird, Freecommander, ImgBurn, Clonezilla,
4293 OCS inventory, Icinga, Skolelinux, SystemRescueCD og mykje meir.</p>
4294
4295 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
4296 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
4297
4298 <p>Strategisk må ein fokusere på at sluttbruker eigentleg ikkje er så
4299 fokusert på at det er fri programvare men at det skal «berre fungere».
4300 Gjer det enkelt å bruker og ikkje minst å administrere. For Skolelinux
4301 sin del må ein få eit betre fokus på overganger. Utbytting av servere
4302 må gå meir automatisk, import og eksport av brukerbase og maskinbase
4303 med meir må kunne gå enkelt og oppgradering til neste versjon må bli
4304 mykje meir automatisk og gjennomtesta. Ein må unngå at ein må sette
4305 opp frå start når ein byter ut ein server eller oppgraderer til neste
4306 versjon. For å få Skolelinux til å bli eit betre alternativ for skular
4307 må ein ha fokus på nettlesaren. Denne må bli «up to date» og støtte
4308 dei protokollar og tillegg som vert brukt av forlag med meir.  Etter
4309 kvart som meir og meir blir flytta ut i «skya» vert dette viktigare og
4310 viktigare. Ein kunne ynskje og jobbe for at forlag med fleire tar i
4311 bruk opne standarer, men inntil det skjer, må systemet kunne brukast
4312 mot desse fagsystema.</p>
4313
4314 <p>For meg har prosjektet med Skolelinux vore ein svært artig og
4315 lærerik prosess. Miljøet rundt er ikkje enormt stort, dog stort nok,
4316 men det er svært hjelpevillig og engasjert.</p>
4317
4318       </div>
4319       <div class="tags">
4320
4321
4322         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4323
4324
4325       </div>
4326     </div>
4327     <div class="padding"></div>
4328
4329     <div class="entry">
4330       <div class="title">
4331         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_Christmas_present_for_Skolelinux___Debian_Edu.html">A Christmas present for Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
4332       </div>
4333       <div class="date">
4334         28th December 2012
4335       </div>
4336       <div class="body">
4337         <p>I was happy to discover a few days ago that the
4338 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
4339 project also this year received a Christmas present from Another
4340 Agency in Trondheim.  NOK 1000,- showed up on our donation account
4341 December 24th.  I want to express our thanks for this very welcome
4342 present.  As the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project is very short on
4343 funding these days, and thus lack the money to do regular developer
4344 gatherings, this donation was most welcome.  One developer gathering
4345 cost around NOK 15&nbsp;000,-, so we need quite a lot more to keep the
4346 development pace we want.  Thus, I hope their example this year is
4347 followed by many others. :)</p>
4348
4349 <p>The public list of donors can be found on
4350 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/donations.html">the
4351 donation page</a> for the project, which also contain instructions if
4352 you want to donate to the project.</p>
4353
4354       </div>
4355       <div class="tags">
4356
4357
4358         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4359
4360
4361       </div>
4362     </div>
4363     <div class="padding"></div>
4364
4365     <div class="entry">
4366       <div class="title">
4367         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ledger___double_entry_accounting_using_text_based_storage_format.html">Ledger - double-entry accounting using text based storage format</a>
4368       </div>
4369       <div class="date">
4370         18th December 2012
4371       </div>
4372       <div class="body">
4373         <p>A few days ago I came across
4374 <a href="http://joeyh.name/blog/entry/hledger/">a blog post from Joey
4375 Hess</a> describing <a href="http://ledger-cli.org/">ledger</a> and
4376 hledger, a text based system for double-entry accounting.  I found it
4377 interesting, as I am involved with several organizations where
4378 accounting is an issue, and I have not really become too friendly with
4379 the different web based systems we use.  I find it hard to find what I
4380 look for in the menus and even harder try to get sensible data out of
4381 the systems.  Ledger seem different.  The accounting data is kept in
4382 text files that can be stored in a version control system, and there
4383
4384 are at least <a href="https://github.com/ledger/ledger/wiki/Ports">five
4385 different implementations</a> able to read the format.  An example
4386 entry look like this, and is simple enough that it will be trivial to
4387 generate entries based on CVS files fetched from the bank:</p>
4388
4389 <blockquote><pre>
4390 2004-05-27 Book Store
4391       Expenses:Books                 $20.00
4392       Liabilities:Visa
4393 </pre></blockquote>
4394
4395 <p>The concept seemed interesting enough for me to check it out and
4396 look for others using it.  I found blog posts from
4397 <a href="http://blog.spang.cc/posts/hledger_rocks_my_world/">Christine
4398 Spang</a>,
4399 <a href="http://bugsplat.info/2010-05-23-keeping-finances-with-ledger.html">Pete
4400 Keen</a>,
4401 <a href="http://blog.andrewcantino.com/blog/2010/11/06/command-line-accounting-with-ledger-and-reckon/">Andrew
4402 Cantino</a> and
4403 <a href="http://blog.iphoting.com/blog/2012/11/29/command-line-double-entry-accounting/">Ronald
4404 Ip</a> describing how they use it, as well as a post from
4405 <a href="https://groups.google.com/forum/?fromgroups=#!topic/ledger-cli/r0oWjwbQ9Bo">Bradley
4406 M. Kuhn</a> at the Software Freedom Conservancy.  All seemed like good
4407 recommendations fitting my need.</p>
4408
4409 <p>The <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/l/ledger.html">ledger</a>
4410 package is available in Debian Squeeze, while the
4411 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/h/haskell-hledger.html">hledger</a>
4412 package only is available in Debian Sid.  As I use Squeeze, ledger
4413 seemed the best choice to get started.</p>
4414
4415 <p>To get some real data to test on, I wrote a
4416 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/tools/lodo2ledger">web scraper</a> for
4417 <a href="http://www.lodo.no/">LODO</a>, the accounting system used by
4418 the <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">NUUG</a> association, and started to
4419 play with the data set.  I'm not really deeply into accounting, but I
4420 am able to get a simple balance and accounting status for example
4421 using the "<tt>ledger balance</tt>" command.  But I will have to
4422 gather more experience before I know if the ledger way is a good fit
4423 for the organisations I am involved in.</p>
4424
4425       </div>
4426       <div class="tags">
4427
4428
4429         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
4430
4431
4432       </div>
4433     </div>
4434     <div class="padding"></div>
4435
4436     <div class="entry">
4437       <div class="title">
4438         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Angela_Fu_.html">Debian Edu interview: Angela Fuß</a>
4439       </div>
4440       <div class="date">
4441         14th November 2012
4442       </div>
4443       <div class="body">
4444         <p>Here is another interview with one of the people in the <a
4445 href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
4446 community.  I am running short on people willing to be interviewed, so
4447 if you know about someone I should interview, Please send me an email.
4448 After asking for many months, I finally managed to lure another one of
4449 the people behind the German
4450 "<a href="http://wiki.it-zukunft-schule.de/">IT-Zukunft Schule</a>"
4451 project out from maternity leave to conduct an interview.  Give a warm
4452 welcome to Angela Fuß. :)</p>
4453
4454 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4455
4456 <p>I am a 39-year-old woman living in the very north of Germany near
4457 Denmark. I live in a patchwork family with "my man" Mike Gabriel, my
4458 two daughters, Mikes daughter and Mikes and my rather newborn son.
4459
4460 <p>At the moment - because of our little baby - I am spending most of
4461 the day by being a caring and organising mom for all the kids.
4462 Besides that I am really involved into and occupied with several inner
4463 growth processes: New born souls always bring the whole familiar
4464 system into movement and that needs time and focus ;-).  We are also
4465 in the middle of buying a house and moving to it.</p>
4466
4467 <p>In 2013 I will work again in my job in a German foundation for
4468 nature conservation. I am doing public relation work there.  Besides
4469 that - and that is the connection to Skolelinux / Debian Edu - I am
4470 working in our own school project "IT-Zukunft Schule" in North
4471 Germany. I am responsible for the quality assurance, the customer
4472 relationship management and the communication processes in the
4473 project.</p>
4474
4475 <p>Since 2001 I constantly have been training myself in communication
4476 and leadership. Besides that I am a forester, a landscaping gardener
4477 and a yoga teacher.</p>
4478
4479 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
4480 project?</strong></p>
4481
4482 <p>I fell in love with Mike ;-).</p>
4483
4484 <p>Very soon after getting to know him I was completely enrolled into
4485 Free Software.  At this time Mike did IT-services for one newly
4486 founded school in Kiel. Other schools in Kiel needed concepts for
4487 their IT environment.  Often when Mike came home from working at the
4488 newly founded school I found myself listening to his complaints about
4489 several points where the communication with the schools head or the
4490 teachers did not work.  So we were clear that he would not work for
4491 one more school if we did not set up a structure for communication
4492 between him, the schools head, the teachers, the students and the
4493 parents.</p>
4494
4495 <p>Together with our friend and hardware supplier Andreas Buchholz we
4496 started to get an overview of free software solutions suitable for
4497 schools. One day before Christmas 2010 Mike and I had a date with Kurt
4498 Gramlich in Gütersloh. As Kurt and I are really interested in building
4499 networks of people and in being in communication we dived into
4500 Skolelinux and brought it to the first grammar schools in Northern
4501 Germany.</p>
4502
4503 <p>For information about our school project you can read
4504 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Mike_Gabriel.html">the
4505 interview with Mike Gabriel</a>.</p>
4506
4507 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
4508 Edu?</strong></p>
4509
4510 <p>First I have to say: I cannot answer this question technically. My
4511 answer comes rather from a social point of view.</p>
4512
4513 <p>The biggest advantage of Skolelinux / Debian Edu I see is the large
4514 and strong international community of Debian Developers in the
4515 background which is very alive and connected over mailinglists, blogs
4516 and meetings. My constant feeling for the Debian Community is: If
4517 something does not work they will somehow fix it. All is well
4518 ;-). This is of course a user experience.  What I also get as a big
4519 advantage of Skolelinux / Debian Edu is that everybody who uses it and
4520 works with it can also contribute to it - that includes students,
4521 teachers, parents...</p>
4522
4523 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
4524 Edu?</strong></p>
4525
4526 <p>I will answer this question relating to the internal structure of
4527 Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
4528
4529 <p>What I see as a major disadvantage is that there is a gap between
4530 the group of developers for Debian Edu and the people who make the
4531 marketing, that means the people that bring Skolelinux to the
4532 schools. There is a lack of communication between these two groups and
4533 I think that does not really work for Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
4534
4535 <p>Further I appreciate that Skolelinux / Debian Edu is known as a
4536 do-ocracy. Nevertheless I keep asking myself if at some points a
4537 democracy or some kind of hierarchical project structure would be good
4538 and helpful.  I am also missing some kind of contact between the
4539 Skolelinux / Debian Edu communities in Europe or on an international
4540 level. I think it would be good if there was more sharing between the
4541 different countries using Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
4542
4543 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4544
4545 <p>On my laptop I am still using an Ubuntu 10.04 with a Gnome Desktop
4546 on.  As applications I use Openoffice.org, Gedit, Firefox, Pidgin,
4547 LaTeX and GnuCash. For mails I am using Horde. And I am really fond of
4548 my N900 running with Maemo.</p>
4549
4550 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4551 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4552
4553 <p>I am really convinced that in our school project "IT-Zukunft
4554 Schule" we have developed (and keep developing) a great way to get
4555 schools to use Free Software. We have written a detailed concept for
4556 that so I cannot explain the whole thing here. But in a nutshell the
4557 strategy has three crucial pillars:</p>
4558
4559 <ul>
4560
4561 <li>We really take time to get what sort of stories, questions and
4562 concerns the schools head and the teachers have about using different
4563 kinds of IT and we take time to enrol them into Free Software.</li>
4564
4565 <li>Our solution for schools is never just technical. In the centre
4566 are always the people who are going to use the software. From the very
4567 beginning of the planning for a school, we tell the schools head that
4568 they are paying us not only for a technical solution for their school,
4569 they also pay us for leading all the communication processes
4570 needed. If they do not want that, we are not working with them because
4571 we cannot give a guarantee for the quality of our work then.</li>
4572
4573 <li>Another focus lies in the training of teachers and students in
4574 co-administrating the IT-System at their school. They start getting in
4575 contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu community and they get the
4576 offer to become more and more independent from us.</li>
4577
4578 </ul>
4579
4580       </div>
4581       <div class="tags">
4582
4583
4584         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4585
4586
4587       </div>
4588     </div>
4589     <div class="padding"></div>
4590
4591     <div class="entry">
4592       <div class="title">
4593         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_noe_for_Ballangen___Leserinnlegg_til_avisen_Fremover_.html">Skolelinux noe for Ballangen? (Leserinnlegg til avisen Fremover)</a>
4594       </div>
4595       <div class="date">
4596         14th October 2012
4597       </div>
4598       <div class="body">
4599         <p>Tirsdag 2012-10-09 sendte jeg følgende leserinnlegg til avisen
4600 <a href="http://www.fremover.no/">Fremover</a>, etter å ha vært nordpå
4601 noen dager og lest noen gamle aviser.  Publiserer den her i sin helhet
4602 for fremtidig referanse.  Fremover publiserer dessverre ikke
4603 leserinnlegg på nett.</p>
4604
4605 <blockquote>
4606 <p>To: redaksjon (at) fremover.no
4607 <br>Subject: Leserinnlegg til Fremover: Skolelinux noe for Ballangen?</p>
4608
4609 <p>Ærede redaktør</p>
4610
4611 <p>I sommer (2012-07-23) hadde Fremover et oppslag om at Narvik
4612 kommune hadde spart mellom 10 og 20 millioner kroner de siste årene på
4613 å bruke Skolelinux på sine skoler.  Harstad har også tatt i bruk
4614 Skolelinux på alle sine skoler.  Som tidligere Ballangsværing gledet
4615 det meg stort å se at skoleløsningen vi har utviklet siden 2001 tas i
4616 bruk i området der jeg vokste opp, og dermed bidrar til en bedre og
4617 billigere skolehverdag.</p>
4618
4619 <p>Skolelinux er en komplett IT-løsning for elevnettverket på en
4620 skole, med både nettverkstjenester og løsning for elevmaskiner med
4621 pedagogisk programvare, som tillater en å øke levetiden på en
4622 datamaskin i skolen med mange år.  En undersøkelse publisert i mars
4623 2012 viste at de 56 norske skolene som har offentliggjort at de bruker
4624 Skolelinux eller annen Linuxutgave hadde 36% større PC-tetthet enn
4625 landsgjennomsnittet, når en ser på tall rapportert til Grunnskolens
4626 Informasjonssystem.  I følge Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken, IKT-konsulent i
4627 Nord-Odal, fungerer datamaskiner godt til de er 8 til 10 år gamle.</p>
4628
4629 <p>I høst (2012-09-29) fortalte Fremover hvordan Ballangen kommune har
4630 opparbeidet seg 20 millioner i underskudd og nok havner på Robek-lista
4631 fra nyttår.  Kanskje Ballangen også burde ta i bruk Skolelinux for å
4632 spare penger?  Hvis kommunen mangler kompetanse lokalt på Linux finnes
4633 det kommersielle selskaper som tilbyr driftstjenester rundt
4634 Skolelinux, og jeg bør vel avsløre at jeg selv er involvert i et av
4635 dem, Skolelinux Drift AS.  Kommunen kan dermed få hjelp hvis de ikke
4636 ønsker å bygge opp egen kompetanse.</p>
4637
4638 <p>Vennlig hilsen
4639 <br>Petter Reinholdtsen
4640 <br>Fri programvareutvikler</p>
4641
4642 <p>Referanser:</p>
4643
4644 <ul>
4645
4646 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html</a></li>
4647 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html</a></li>
4648
4649 </ul>
4650
4651 </blockquote>
4652
4653 <p>Innlegget ble så vidt jeg vet trykket i papirutgaven et par dager
4654 senere, men jeg har ikke sett det selv.</p>
4655
4656       </div>
4657       <div class="tags">
4658
4659
4660         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4661
4662
4663       </div>
4664     </div>
4665     <div class="padding"></div>
4666
4667     <div class="entry">
4668       <div class="title">
4669         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Trengs_flere_frivillige_til_korrektur_av_den_frie_norske_stavekontrollen.html">Trengs flere frivillige til korrektur av den frie norske stavekontrollen</a>
4670       </div>
4671       <div class="date">
4672         13th October 2012
4673       </div>
4674       <div class="body">
4675         <p><a href="http://no.speling.org/">Den frie norske stavekontrollen</a>
4676 består av ca. 1,3 millioner bokmåls- og nynorskord.  Det er mange
4677 kilder til ordene, f.eks. den norske ordbanken, norske nett-aviser,
4678 stavekontrollbrukere og korrekturlesere, og endel feil har sneket seg
4679 inn i databasen over ord.  For å finne og fikse feilene trengs det
4680 korrekturlesing.  Her kommer frivillige inn.</p>
4681
4682 <p>Hvis du vil bidra med korrektur av orddatabasen, kan du melde deg
4683 frivillig som bokmåls- eller nynorskkorrekturleser og få tilsendt en
4684 liten bunke ord på epost hver dag, lese over og sende inn på epost
4685 tilbake til korrekturlesing-systemet.  Jo flere som sjekker, jo
4686 raskere kommer vi igjennom hele databasen.  Så langt har vi oppdaget
4687 341 bokmålsord og 50 nynorskord som ikke skal vært med i databasen.
4688 Det er nok noen flere.  I tillegg har korrekturleserne oppdaget flere
4689 ord som manglet, og fått lagt dem inn i stavekontrollen.</p>
4690
4691 <p>Hvis du vil bidra, følg instruksene på
4692 <a href="http://no.speling.org/dokumentasjon.html">prosjektsidene</a>
4693
4694 for nye bidragsytere, og ta kontakt med Håvard eller epostlisten
4695 <a href="https://lister.ping.uio.no/mailman/listinfo/i18n-no">i18n-no</a>.
4696 Gode norskkunnskaper er en fordel, og vilje til å sjekke
4697 <a href="http://www.nob-ordbok.uio.no/perl/ordbok.cgi">ordboka</a> et
4698 krav!</p>
4699
4700       </div>
4701       <div class="tags">
4702
4703
4704         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
4705
4706
4707       </div>
4708     </div>
4709     <div class="padding"></div>
4710
4711     <div class="entry">
4712       <div class="title">
4713         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ny_utgave__v2_1__av_den_frie_norske_stavekontrollen_gitt_ut.html">Ny utgave (v2.1) av den frie norske stavekontrollen gitt ut</a>
4714       </div>
4715       <div class="date">
4716          2nd October 2012
4717       </div>
4718       <div class="body">
4719         <p>I helga fikk jeg endelig pakket sammen en ny versjon av den norske
4720 stavekontrollen, og gikk ut versjon 2.1 etter at det var gått fire og
4721 et halvt år siden sist.  I dag fikk vi sendt ut annonseringen.  Her er
4722 det vi sendte ut:</p>
4723
4724 <p>Oslo, 2012-10-02</p>
4725
4726 <p><strong>Pressemelding: Ny utgave av norsk stavekontroll med
4727 synonymordliste</strong></p>
4728
4729 <p>Mer enn fire år etter at forrige utgave av den frie norske
4730 stavekontrollen ble utgitt, er en ny og forbedret versjon klar. Dette er
4731 noe utviklerne er veldig glade for.</p>
4732
4733 <p>Den største endringen er at byggesystemet for stavekontrollen er
4734 skrevet om til å akseptere ord med bindestrek (f.eks. «e-post»). Litt
4735 over 10.000 slike ordformer er lagt til i orddatabasen. I tillegg er
4736 det kommet en del nye ord og rettelser rapportert inn av de frivillige
4737 som gjennomfører korrektur av orddatabasen i prosjektet. For å få
4738 fortgang i dette korrekturarbeidet er det fint med flere frivillige
4739 som kan bidra i prosjektet.</p>
4740
4741 <p><blockquote>
4742  - En god og fritt tilgjengelig stavekontroll er en viktig byggestein
4743    for å fremme bruken av korrekt norsk språk, sier prosjektdeltager
4744    Petter Reinholdtsen.
4745 </blockquote></p>
4746
4747 <p>Takket være samarbeidet med synonymordlisteprosjektet er
4748 synonymordlista for bokmål tilgjengelig sammen med ordlista for bokmål
4749 og nynorsk. En synonymordliste for nynorsk er også med, men den er på
4750 prøvestadiet og meget liten.</p>
4751
4752 <p>Stavekontrollpakken og synonymordlistene brukes i
4753 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org, Koffice, Mozilla Thunderbird, Firefox og
4754 en rekke andre programmer, og på både Windows, Mac OS X, Linux og
4755 BSD.</p>
4756
4757 <p>Det hele utgis under den frie lisensen GPL og kan fritt lastes ned
4758 fra prosjektsidene på
4759 <a href="http://no.speling.org">no.speling.org</a>. Ferdige pakker for
4760 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org er også tilgjengelige fra samme sted.</p>
4761
4762 <p>Det norske stavekontrollprosjektet er i kontakt med lignende
4763 prosjekter for blant annet å forbedre stavekontrollteknologien, å
4764 utveksle verktøy for vedlikehold av orddatabasen og å få tilgang til
4765 relevante datasett. Et av disse prosjektene er et separat prosjekt ved
4766 Sametinget som er i gang med å utvikle samisk stavekontroll for blant
4767 annet Microsoft Word og OpenOffice.org.</p>
4768
4769 <p>Et søsterprosjekt for å lage grammatikk-kontroll for
4770 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org er igangsatt, men har ennå ikke kommet
4771 langt nok til å brukes. Frivillige til å bidra i dette prosjektet er
4772 også svært velkomne.</p>
4773
4774 <p><strong>Kontaktperson</strong></p>
4775
4776 <p><blockquote>
4777 Axel Bojer, prosjektdeltager
4778 <br>E-post: fri_programvare (at) bojer.no
4779 <br>Tlf: +47 954 32 417
4780 </blockquote></p>
4781
4782 <p><strong>Referanser</strong></p>
4783
4784 <ul>
4785
4786 <li>Det frie norske stavekontrollprosjektet for bokmål og nynorsk:
4787     <a href="http://no.speling.org">http://no.speling.org</a></li>
4788 <li>Samiske korrekturverktøy:
4789     <a href="http://divvun.no/">http://divvun.no/</a></li>
4790 <li>Ordlistene fra Norsk ordbank:
4791     <a href="http://www.edd.uio.no/prosjekt/ordbanken/">http://www.edd.uio.no/prosjekt/ordbanken/</a></li>
4792 <li>Last ned ordlistene:
4793     <a href="http://alioth.debian.org/frs/?group_id=30577">http://alioth.debian.org/frs/?group_id=30577</a>
4794     (PS: no_NO-pack2 for OOo 2.x))</li>
4795 </ul>
4796
4797 <p><strong>Fra NEWS-fila i kildekodepakken</strong></p>
4798
4799 <p>Release 2.1 (2012-09-30)</p>
4800
4801 <ul>
4802
4803 <li>Switch to new version scheme. Make new version 2.1, not 2.0.11. We do not
4804     release often enough to justify three digits.</li>
4805 <li>Switch build rules to build OOo v2 thesaurus files, as the v1 build rules
4806     no longer work. This require the libmythes-dev package on Debian.</li>
4807 <li>Introduce new Makefile variables hyphendir and thesdir to make it easier to
4808     control where to install these.</li>
4809 <li>Change script used to import from no.speling.org, to load new word
4810     boundaries if at least two people believed the boundaries was correct.</li>
4811 <li>Added word boundaries for several words (around 500 words) using the
4812     updated script.</li>
4813 <li>Imported thesarus for bokmål from synonymer.merg.net.</li>
4814 <li>Rewrote build rules to use = instead of - as combined word marker, thus
4815     allowing words like e-post.</li>
4816 <li>Imported a lot (around 10k words) of new words with dash (-) in them from
4817     no.speling.org now that it is handled by the build system.</li>
4818 </ul>
4819
4820       </div>
4821       <div class="tags">
4822
4823
4824         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
4825
4826
4827       </div>
4828     </div>
4829     <div class="padding"></div>
4830
4831     <div class="entry">
4832       <div class="title">
4833         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Giorgio_Pioda.html">Debian Edu interview: Giorgio Pioda</a>
4834       </div>
4835       <div class="date">
4836         17th September 2012
4837       </div>
4838       <div class="body">
4839         <p>After a long break in my row of interviews with people in the
4840 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
4841 community, I finally found time to wrap up another.  This time it is
4842 Giorgio Pioda, which showed up on the mailing list at the start of
4843 this year, asking questions and inspiring us to improve the first time
4844 administrators experience with Skolelinux. :) The interview was
4845 conduced in May, but I only found time to publish it now.</p>
4846
4847 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4848
4849 <p>I have a PhD in chemistry but since several years I work as teacher
4850 in secondary (15-18 year old students) and tertiary (a kind of "light"
4851 university) schools. Five years ago I started to manage a Learning
4852 Management Service server and slowly I got more and more involved with
4853 IT. 3 years ago the graduating schools moved completely to Linux and I
4854 got the head of the IT for this. The experience collected in chemistry
4855 labs computers (for example NMR analysis of protein folding) and in
4856 the IT-courses during university where sufficient to start. Self
4857 training is anyway very important</p>
4858
4859 <p>I live in the Italian speaking part of Switzerland, and the
4860 <a href="http://www.spse.ch/">SPSE school</a> (secondary) is a very
4861 special sport school for young people who try to became sport pro (for
4862 all sports, we have dozens of disciplines represented) and we are
4863 recognised by the Olympic Swiss Organisation.
4864
4865 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
4866 project?</strong></p>
4867
4868 <p>Looking for Linux / Primary Domain Controller (PDC) I found it
4869 already several years ago. But since the system was still not
4870 Kerberized and since our schools relies strongly on laptops I didn't
4871 use it. I plan to introduce it in the next future, probably for the
4872 next school year, since the squeeze release solved this security
4873 hole.</p>
4874
4875 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4876 Edu?</strong></p>
4877
4878 <p>Many. First of all there is a strong and living community that is
4879 very generous for help and hints.  Chat help is crucial, together with
4880 the mailing list.  Second. With Skolelinux you get an already well
4881 engineered platform and you don't have to start to build up your PDC
4882 and your clients from GNU/scratch; I've already done this once and I
4883 can tell it, it is hard. Third, since Skolelinux is a standard
4884 platform, it is way easier to educate other IT people and even if the
4885 head IT is sick another one could pick up the task without too much
4886 hassle.</p>
4887
4888 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4889 Edu?</strong></p>
4890
4891 <p>The only real problem I see is that it is a little too less
4892 flexible at client level. Debian stable is rocky and desirable, but
4893 there are many reasons that force for another choice. For example the
4894 need of new drivers for new PC, or the need for a specific OS for some
4895 devices that have specific software packages for another specific
4896 distribution (I have such a case for whiteboards that have only
4897 Ubuntu packages). Thus, I prepared compatibility packages educlient
4898 and eduroaming, hoping not to use them ;-)</p>
4899
4900 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4901
4902 <p>I have a Debian Stable PDC at school (Kerberos, NIS, NFS) with
4903 mixed Debian and Ubuntu clients. If you think that this triad
4904 combination is exotic... well I discovered right yesterday that
4905 <a href="http://moo.nac.uci.edu/~hjm/Perceus-Report.html">Perceus</a>
4906 has the same...</p>
4907
4908 <p>For myself I run Debian wheezy/sid, but this combination is good
4909 only I you have enough competence to fix stuff for yourself, if
4910 something breaks.  Daily I use texmacs, gnumeric, a little bit of R
4911 statistics, kmplot, and less frequently OpenOffice.org.</p>
4912
4913 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4914 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4915
4916 <P>I think that the only real argument that school managers "hear" is
4917 cost reduction. They don't give too much weight on quality, stability,
4918 just because they are normally not open to change.</p>
4919
4920 <p>Students adapts very quickly to GNU/Linux (and for them being able
4921 to switch between different OS is a plus value); teachers and managers
4922 don't.</p>
4923
4924 <p>We decided to move to Linux because students at our school have own
4925 laptop and we have the responsibility to keep the laptop ready to use;
4926 we were really unsatisfied with Microsoft since every Monday we had 20
4927 machine to fix for viral infections... With Linux this has been
4928 reduced to zero, since people installs almost only from official
4929 repositories. I think that our special needs brought us to Linux.
4930 Those who don't have such needs will hardly move to Linux.</p>
4931
4932       </div>
4933       <div class="tags">
4934
4935
4936         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4937
4938
4939       </div>
4940     </div>
4941     <div class="padding"></div>
4942
4943     <div class="entry">
4944       <div class="title">
4945         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">Gladoppslag om Skolelinux i avisen Fremover</a>
4946       </div>
4947       <div class="date">
4948         15th August 2012
4949       </div>
4950       <div class="body">
4951         <p>I sommer hadde avisen <a href="http://www.fremover.no/">Fremover</a>
4952 et flott oppslag om bruken av
4953 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> på alle skolene
4954 der.  Artikkelen var på trykk på side 4 og 5 i papirutgaven
4955 2012-07-23, men mangler dessverre i nettutgaven av avisen.  Mine
4956 henvendelser til avisen for å få artikkelen på nett har så langt ikke
4957 vært vellykket.</p>
4958
4959 <p>Artikkelen med tittelen "Narvik kommune bruker gratisprogram i
4960 skolen - Har spart millioner", forteller om hvordan bruken av
4961 Skolelinux er en stor suksess i Narvik siden det ble tatt i bruk i
4962 2004.  Her er noen fine sitater:</p>
4963
4964 <blockquote>
4965 "- Skolelinux har spart kommunen for store pengesummer, millionbeløp,
4966   som de heller kan bruke på andre ting, sier IKT-konsulent Viggo
4967   Fedreheim."
4968 </blockquote>
4969
4970 <p>Avisen forteller at de har fått tilgang til beregninger som viser
4971 at Narvik kommune har spart noe mellom 10 og 20 millioner kroner de
4972 siste 8 årene på å bruke Skolelinux, og fortsetter:</p>
4973
4974 <blockquote>
4975
4976 "Regnestykket tar høyde for sparte kostnader til lisenser som medfølger
4977 de alternative operativsystemene, lavere driftskostnader og lengre
4978 levetid på datautstyret.  Totalt har Narvikskolen en maskinpark på
4979 1600 maskiner fordelt på de 11 skolene fra Skjomen i sør til Bjerkvik
4980 i nord."
4981
4982 </blockquote>
4983
4984 <p>Viggo Fedreheim sier dette om hvor noe av gevinsten kommer fra:</p>
4985
4986 <blockquote>
4987 "- Vi kan gjenbruke gamle maskiner i skolen som er for dårlig andre
4988   steder i kommunen der de ikke bruker Skolelinux.  Levetiden på en
4989   datamaskin blir 3-5 år lenger med Skolelinux.  Vi kaller det for
4990   grønn IT, miljøvennlig IT."
4991 </blockquote>
4992
4993 <p>Her er det mulighet for flere kommuner å få et godt IT-system på
4994 skolene, hvis de er villige til å forsøke.  De som ikke har kompetanse
4995 innomhus kan kjøpe det fra en av de kommersielle leverandørene av
4996 Skolelinux-tjenester, som <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux
4997 Drift AS</a> (der jeg er styremedlem).  Komplett liste er tilgjengelig
4998 via
4999 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Help/ProfessionalHelp">wikien</a>.</p>
5000
5001 <p>Update 2012-08-16: Today I was allowed by Fremover to put the PDF I
5002 received from them with a copy of the article on the Internet.  It is
5003 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/2012-07-23-fremover-narvik.pdf">now
5004 available</a> in the Skolelinux press archive.</p>
5005
5006       </div>
5007       <div class="tags">
5008
5009
5010         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5011
5012
5013       </div>
5014     </div>
5015     <div class="padding"></div>
5016
5017     <div class="entry">
5018       <div class="title">
5019         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Tips_for___bli_med_i_Skolelinux_prosjektet__som_faktisk_er_aktivt_.html">Tips for å bli med i Skolelinux-prosjektet (som faktisk er aktivt)</a>
5020       </div>
5021       <div class="date">
5022         19th July 2012
5023       </div>
5024       <div class="body">
5025         <p>Jeg fikk nettopp spørsmål på epost om Skolelinux-prosjektet lever
5026 fra en som var interessert i å bidra, og måtte jo konstatere at i og
5027 med at spørsmålet ble stilt har prosjektet ikke lyktes med å formidle
5028 sin aktivitet.  Her er det jeg svarte:</p>
5029
5030 <p><blockquote>
5031 <p>Jada, <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektet</a>
5032 lever, men det meste av utvikling foregår nå under paraplyen
5033 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/">Debian Edu</a> som er det
5034 internasjonale navnet på prosjektet.  Dugnaden i Norge organiseres av
5035 medlemsforeningen
5036 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
5037 Skolen</a>, og det finnes minst ett selskap som selger kommersiell
5038 support på løsningen (<a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux
5039 Drift AS</a>, der jeg er styremedlem).  Anbefaler at du melder deg på
5040 epostlisten
5041 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@lists.debian.org</a>
5042 (og debian-edu-announce) og
5043 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">melder deg inn i
5044 foreningen</a> for å få beskjed om aktivitet som planlegges.  Det
5045 planlegges
5046 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering">utviklersamlinger
5047 i august</a> og utover høsten.</p>
5048
5049 <p>Bidra gjerne med å spre ordet om Skolelinux.  Det er alt for få som
5050 bidrar til pressedekning, bloggposter, twittermeldinger, etc. :)</p>
5051
5052 <p>Jeg antar du har funnet
5053 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju/">bloggserien
5054 min med intervjuer</a>.  Det er antagelig også interessant for deg å
5055 følge med på <a href="http://planet.skolelinux.org/">Planet
5056 Skolelinux</a>.</p>
5057
5058 <p>Hm, jeg burde vel blogge alle disse lenkene slik at de blir enklere
5059 å finne...</p>
5060 </blockquote></p>
5061 <p>Herved gjort. :)</p>
5062
5063       </div>
5064       <div class="tags">
5065
5066
5067         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5068
5069
5070       </div>
5071     </div>
5072     <div class="padding"></div>
5073
5074     <div class="entry">
5075       <div class="title">
5076         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__George_Bredberg.html">Debian Edu interview: George Bredberg</a>
5077       </div>
5078       <div class="date">
5079          9th July 2012
5080       </div>
5081       <div class="body">
5082         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
5083 Skolelinux</a> project have users all over the globe, but until
5084 recently we have not known about any users in Norway's neighbour
5085 country Sweden.  This changed when George Bredberg showed up in March
5086 this year on the mailing list, asking interesting questions about how
5087 to adjust and scale the just released
5088 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
5089 Wheezy</a> setup to his liking.  He granted me an interview, and I am
5090 happy to share his answers with you here.</p>
5091
5092 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5093
5094 <p>I'm a 44 year old country guy that have been working 12 years at
5095 the same school as 50% IT-manager and 50% Teacher. My educational
5096 background is fil.kand in history and religious beliefs, an exam as a
5097 "folkhighschool" teacher, that is, for teaching grownups.  In
5098 Norwegian I believe it's called "Vuxenupplaring". I also have a master
5099 in "Technology and social change". So I'm not really a tech guy, I
5100 just like to study how humans and technology interact and that is my
5101 perspective when working with IT.</p>
5102
5103 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5104 project?</strong></p>
5105
5106 I have followed the Skolelinux project for quite some time by
5107 now. Earlier I tested out the K12-LTSP project, which we used for some
5108 time, but I really like the idea of having a distribution aimed to be
5109 a complete solution for schools with necessary tools integrated. When
5110 K12-LTSP abandoned that idea some years ago, I started to look more
5111 seriously into Skolelinux instead.
5112
5113 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5114 Edu?</strong></p>
5115
5116 The big point of Skolelinux to me is that it is a complete
5117 distribution, ready to install. It has LDAP-support, MS Windows
5118 integration tools and so forth already configured, saving an
5119 administrator a lot of time and headache. We were using another Linux
5120 based thin-client system called Thinlinc, that has served us very
5121 well. But that Skolelinux is based on VNC and LTSP, to me, is better
5122 when it comes to the kind of multimedia used in schools. That is
5123 showing videos from Youtube or educational TV. It is also easier to
5124 mix thin clients with workstations, since the user settings will be the
5125 same. In our VNC-based solution you had to "beat around the bush" by
5126 setting up a second, hidden, home-directory for user settings for the
5127 workstations, because they will be different from the ones used on the
5128 thin clients. Skolelinux support for diskless workstations are very
5129 convenient since a school today often need to use a class room
5130 projector showing videos in full screen. That is easily done with a
5131 small integrated media computer running as a diskless workstation. You
5132 have only two installs to update and configure. One for the thin
5133 clients and one for the workstations. Also saving a lot of time.  Our
5134 old system was also based on Redhat and CentOS. They are both very
5135 nice distributions, but they are sometimes painfully slow when it
5136 comes to updating multimedia support and multimedia programs (even
5137 such as Gimp), leaving us with a bit "oldish" applications. Debian is
5138 quicker to update.
5139
5140 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5141 Edu?</strong></p>
5142
5143 <p>Debian is a bit too quick when it comes to updating. As an example
5144 we use old HP terminals as thinclients, and two times already this
5145 year (2012) the updates you get from the repositories has stopped
5146 sound from working with them.  It's a kernel/ALSA issue. So you have
5147 to be more careful properly testing the updates before you run them in
5148 a production environment. This has never happened with CentOS.</p>
5149
5150 <p>I also would like to be able to set my own domain-settings at
5151 install time.  In Skolelinux they are kind of hard coded into the
5152 distribution, when it comes to LDAP and at least samba integration.
5153 That is more a cosmetic/translation issue, and not a real problem.
5154 Running MS Windows applications within the Skolelinux environment needs
5155 to be better supported. That is, running them seamlessly via RDP, and
5156 support for single-sign on.  That will make the transition to free
5157 software easier, because you can keep the applications you really
5158 need.  No support will make it impossible if you work in a school where
5159 some applications can't be open source. As for us we really need to
5160 run Adobe InDesign in our journalist classes.  We run a journalist
5161 education, and is one of the very few non university ones that is ok:d
5162 by Svenska journalistförbundet (Swedish journalist association).  Our
5163 education gives the pupils the right of membership there, once they
5164 are done.  This is important if you want to get a job.</p>
5165
5166 <p>Adobe InDesign is the program most commonly used in newspapers and
5167 magazines.  We used Quark Express before, but they seem to loose there
5168 market to Adobe. The only "equivalent" to InDesign in the opensource
5169 world is Scribus, and its not advanced enough. At least not according
5170 to the teacher. I think it would be possible to use it, because they
5171 are not supposed to learn a program, they are supposed to learn how to
5172 edit and compile a newspaper.  But politically at our school we are not
5173 there yet.  And Scribus lacks a lot of things you find i InDesign.</p>
5174
5175 <p>We used even a windows program for sound editing when it comes to
5176 the radio-journalist part. The year to come we are going to try
5177 Audacity. That software has the same kind of limitations compared to
5178 Adobe Audition, but that teacher is a bit more open minded. We have
5179 tried Ardour also, but that instead is more like a music studio
5180 program, not intended for the kind of editing taking place in a radio
5181 studio. Its way to complex and the GUI is to scattered when you only
5182 want to cut, make pass-overs, add extra channels and normalise.  Those
5183 things you can do in Audacity, but its not as easy as in Audition. You
5184 have to do more things manually with envelopes, and that is a bit old
5185 fashion and timewasting. Its also harder to cut and move sound from
5186 one channel to another, which is a thing that you do frequently
5187 because you often find yourself needing to rearrange parts of the
5188 sound file.</p>
5189
5190 <p>So, I am not sure we will succeed in replacing even Audition, but we
5191 will try.  The problem is the students have certain expectations when
5192 they start an education towards a profession.  So the programs has to
5193 look and feel professional.  Good thing with radio, there are many
5194 programs out there, that radio studios use, so its not as standardised
5195 as Newspaper editing. That means, it does not really matter what
5196 program they learn, because once they start working they still have to
5197 learn the program the studio uses, so instead focus has to be to learn
5198 the editing part without to much focus on a specific software.</p>
5199
5200 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5201
5202 <p>Myself I'm running Linux Mint, or Ubuntu these days.  I use almost
5203 only open source software, and preferably Linux based. When it comes
5204 to most used applications its OpenOffice, and Firefox (of course ;)
5205 )</p>
5206
5207 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5208 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5209
5210 <p>To get schools to use free software there has to be good open
5211 source software that are windows based, to ease the transition. But
5212 it's also very important that the multimedia support is working
5213 flawlessly.  The problems with Youtube, Twitter, Facebook and whatever
5214 will create problems when it comes to both teachers and
5215 students. Economy are also important for schools, so using thin
5216 clients, as long as they have good multimedia support, is a very good
5217 idea. It's also important that the open source software works even for
5218 the administration.  It's hard to convince the teachers to stick with
5219 open source, if the principal has to run Windows.  It also creates a
5220 problem if some classes has to use Windows for there tasks, since that
5221 will create a difference in "status" between classes, so a good
5222 support for running windows applications via the thin client (Linux)
5223 desktop is essential.  At least at our school, where we have mixed
5224 level of educations, from high-school to journalist-school.</p>
5225
5226 <p>Update 2012-07-09 08:30: Paul Wise tipped me on IRC about three
5227 useful sources related to Free Software for radio stations: the LWN
5228 article <a href="https://lwn.net/Articles/481607/">Radio station
5229 management with Airtime</a>,
5230 <a href="http://www.sourcefabric.org/en/airtime/">Airtime</a> which
5231 claim to be a Free open source radio automation software and
5232 <a href="http://www.rivendellaudio.org/">Rivendell</a> which claim to
5233 be complete radio broadcast automation solution.  All of them seem
5234 useful to the aspiring radio producer.</p>
5235
5236       </div>
5237       <div class="tags">
5238
5239
5240         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5241
5242
5243       </div>
5244     </div>
5245     <div class="padding"></div>
5246
5247     <div class="entry">
5248       <div class="title">
5249         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_do_schools_waste_money_on_IT_.html">Why do schools waste money on IT?</a>
5250       </div>
5251       <div class="date">
5252          8th July 2012
5253       </div>
5254       <div class="body">
5255         <p>In the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project, we have realised that one
5256 of the major blockers for the project success is the purchasing skills
5257 in schools and municipalities.  We provide what the happy users of
5258 Debian Edu / Skolelinux say they need and to a lower cost than the
5259 alternatives, and yet so few schools decide to use our solution.  I
5260 was pleased to discover the same observation done by mySociety and Tom
5261 Steinberg in his blog post
5262 "<a href="http://www.mysociety.org/2012/06/19/can-you-recognize-the-million-pound-chair/">Can
5263 you recognize the million pound chair?</a>".  Read it and weep for the
5264 spending of your tax money.</p>
5265
5266 <p>Of course there are other factors involved as well, like our
5267 projects bad marketing skills and the Linux community fragmentation
5268 causing worry with the people on the outside, so we as a project need
5269 to keep working hard to gain users, but it is a up-hill battle when
5270 public decision makers are unable to understand computer system
5271 purchases.</p>
5272
5273       </div>
5274       <div class="tags">
5275
5276
5277         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5278
5279
5280       </div>
5281     </div>
5282     <div class="padding"></div>
5283
5284     <div class="entry">
5285       <div class="title">
5286         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Free_Timetabling_Software___nice_free_software.html">Free Timetabling Software - nice free software</a>
5287       </div>
5288       <div class="date">
5289          7th July 2012
5290       </div>
5291       <div class="body">
5292         <p>Included in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
5293 Skolelinux</a> is a large collection of end user and school specific
5294 software.  It is one of the packages not installed by default but
5295 provided in the Debian archive for schools to install if they want to,
5296 is a system to automatically plan the school time table using
5297 information about available teachers, classes and rooms, combined with
5298 the list of required courses and how many hours each topic should
5299 receive.  The software is
5300
5301 <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/">named FET</a>, and it provide a
5302 graphical user interface to input the required information, save the
5303 result in a fairly simple XML format, and generate time tables for
5304 both teachers and students.  It is available both for
5305 <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/download.html">Linux, MacOSX and
5306 Windows</a>.</p>
5307
5308 <p>This is <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/features.html">the
5309 feature list</a>, liftet from the project web site:</p>
5310
5311 <p><ul>
5312
5313   <li>FET is free software, licensed under the GNU GPL v2 or later.
5314     You can freely use, copy, modify and redistribute it </li>
5315
5316   <li>Localized to en_US (US English, default), ar (Arabic), ca
5317     (Catalan), da (Danish), de (German), el (Greek), es (Spanish), fa
5318     (Persian), fr (French), gl (Galician), he (Hebrew), hu
5319     (Hungarian), id (Indonesian), it (Italian), lt (Lithuanian), mk
5320     (Macedonian), ms (Malay), nl (Dutch), pl (Polish), pt_BR
5321     (Brazilian Portuguese), ro (Romanian), ru (Russian), si (Sinhala),
5322     sk (Slovak), sr (Serbian), tr (Turkish), uk (Ukrainian), uz
5323     (Uzbek) and vi (Vietnamese) (incompletely for some languages)
5324     </li>
5325
5326   <li>Fully automatic generation algorithm, allowing also
5327     semi-automatic or manual allocation</li>
5328
5329   <li>Platform independent implementation, allowing running on
5330     GNU/Linux, Windows, Mac and any system that Qt supports </li>
5331
5332   <li>Flexible modular XML format for the input file, allowing editing
5333     with an XML editor or by hand (besides FET interface)</li>
5334
5335   <li>Import/export from CSV format</li>
5336
5337   <li>The resulted timetables are exported into HTML, XML and CSV
5338     formats </li>
5339
5340   <li>Flexible students structure, organized into sets: years, groups
5341     and subgroups. FET allows overlapping years and groups and
5342     non-overlapping subgroups. You can even define individual students
5343     (as separate sets)</li>
5344
5345   <li>Each constraint has a weight percentage, from 0.0% to 100.0%
5346     (but some special constraints are allowed to have only 100% weight
5347     percentage)</li>
5348
5349   <li>Limits for the algorithm (all these limits can be increased on
5350     demand, as a custom version, because this would require a bit more
5351     memory):
5352     <ul>
5353       <li>Maximum total number of hours (periods) per day: 60</li>
5354       <li>Maximum number of working days per week: 35</li>
5355       <li>Maximum total number of teachers: 6000</li>
5356       <li>Maximum total number of sets of students: 30000</li>
5357       <li>Maximum total number of subjects: 6000</li>
5358       <li>Virtually unlimited number of activity tags</li>
5359       <li>Maximum number of activities: 30000</li>
5360       <li>Maximum number of rooms: 6000</li>
5361       <li>Maximum number of buildings: 6000</li>
5362       <li>Possibility of adding multiple teachers and
5363           students sets for each activity.  (it is possible
5364           also to have no teachers or no students sets for an
5365           activity)</li>
5366       <li>Virtually unlimited number of time constraints</li>
5367       <li>Virtually unlimited number of space constraints</li>
5368     </ul></li>
5369
5370   <li>A large and flexible palette of time constraints:
5371     <ul>
5372       <li>Break periods</li>
5373       <li>For teacher(s):
5374         <ul>
5375           <li>Not available periods</li>
5376           <li>Max/min days per week</li>
5377           <li>Max gaps per day/week</li>
5378           <li>Max hours daily/continuously</li>
5379           <li>Min hours daily</li>
5380           <li>Max hours daily/continuously with an activity tag</li>
5381
5382           <li>Respect working in an hourly interval a max number of
5383             days per week</li>
5384         </ul></li>
5385       <li>For students (sets):
5386         <ul>
5387           <li>Not available periods</li>
5388           <li>Begins early (specify max allowed beginnings at second hour)</li>
5389           <li>Max gaps per day/week</li>
5390           <li>Max hours daily/continuously</li>
5391           <li>Min hours daily</li>
5392           <li>Max hours daily/continuously with an activity tag</li>
5393
5394           <li>Respect working in an hourly interval a max number of
5395             days per week</li>
5396         </ul></li>
5397       <li>For an activity or a set of activities/subactivities:
5398         <ul>
5399           <li>A single preferred starting time</li>
5400           <li>A set of preferred starting times</li>
5401           <li>A set of preferred time slots</li>
5402           <li>Min/max days between them</li>
5403           <li>End(s) students day</li>
5404           <li>Same starting time/day/hour</li>
5405           <li>Occupy max time slots from selection (a complex and
5406             flexible constraint, useful in many situations)</li>
5407           <li>Consecutive, ordered, grouped (for 2 or 3 (sub)activities)</li>
5408           <li>Not overlapping</li>
5409           <li>Max simultaneous in selected time slots</li>
5410           <li>Min gaps between a set of (sub)activities</li>
5411         </ul></li>
5412     </ul></li>
5413
5414   <li>A large and flexible palette of space constraints:
5415     <ul>
5416       <li>Room not available periods</li>
5417       <li>For teacher(s):
5418         <ul>
5419           <li>Home room(s)</li>
5420           <li>Max building changes per day/week</li>
5421           <li>Min gaps between building changes</li>
5422         </ul>
5423       </li>
5424
5425       <li>For students (sets):
5426         <ul>
5427           <li>Home room(s)</li>
5428           <li>Max building changes per day/week</li>
5429           <li>Min gaps between building changes</li>
5430         </ul>
5431       </li>
5432       <li>Preferred room(s):
5433         <ul>
5434           <li>For a subject</li>
5435           <li>For an activity tag</li>
5436           <li>For a subject and an activity tag</li>
5437           <li>Individually for a (sub)activity</li>
5438         </ul>
5439       </li>
5440
5441       <li>For a set of activities:
5442         <ul>
5443           <li>Occupy a maximum number of different rooms</li>
5444         </ul>
5445       </li>
5446     </ul>
5447   </li>
5448 </ul></p>
5449
5450 <p>I have not used it myself, as I am not involved in time table
5451 planning at a school, but it seem to work fine when I test it.  If you
5452 need to set up your schools time table, and is tired of doing it
5453 manually, check it out.
5454
5455 A quick summary on how to use it can be found in
5456 <a href="http://marvelsoft.co.in/wp/2012/03/generate-timetable-for-state-cbse-icse-igcse-schools-free/">a
5457 blog post from MarvelSoft</a>.  If you find FET useful, please provide
5458 a recipe for the Debian Edu project in the
5459 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu#Howtos">Debian Edu HowTo
5460 section</a>.</p>
5461
5462       </div>
5463       <div class="tags">
5464
5465
5466         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nice free software">nice free software</a>.
5467
5468
5469       </div>
5470     </div>
5471     <div class="padding"></div>
5472
5473     <div class="entry">
5474       <div class="title">
5475         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Markus_Gamenius.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Markus Gamenius</a>
5476       </div>
5477       <div class="date">
5478         30th June 2012
5479       </div>
5480       <div class="body">
5481         <p>Tidligere leder av
5482 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no">foreningen som
5483 organiserer Skolelinux-dugnaden</a>, Markus Gamenius , har i vår vært
5484 i media og
5485 <a href="http://www.dn.no/privatokonomi/article2345489.ece">debattert
5486 skattepolitikk</a>, og det fikk meg til å høre om han kunne lokkes til
5487 å fortelle om hans inntrykk nå, etter at han ble lokket bort fra
5488 Linux- og <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-verden
5489 for å overta familiebedriften.  Her har vi hans betraktninger i dag,
5490 noen måneder etter at
5491 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Skolelinux
5492 Squeeze</a>-utgaven ble gitt ut.</p>
5493
5494 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
5495
5496 <p>Jeg heter Markus Gamenius og er 40 år.  Utdannet biolog med ymse
5497 fag på siden.  Har jobbet som lærer der jeg var driftsansvarlig på
5498 Ulsrud VGS i Oslo.  Senere eide og jobbet jeg flere år i Linuxlabs AS,
5499 som jeg solgte til Redpill Linpro AS (den gangen Linpro AS).  I dag
5500 jobber jeg med ulike investeringer, hovedsaklig i eiendom, men også i
5501 en del ulike IT-relaterte bedrifter.</p>
5502
5503 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
5504
5505 <p>Fruen og jeg dro på en lengre seiltur i 2000, der jeg måtte ha "noe
5506 å gjøre" under hjemturen over Atlanteren.  Jeg kjøpte et par bøker om
5507 Linux i en bokhandel i New York og ble veldig fascinert.  Etter
5508 hjemkomsten begynte jeg å jobbe på Ulsrud VGS, som naturfagslærer, men
5509 som IT-interessert ble jeg fort en del av den nye IT-satsningen som
5510 skulle løfte Ulsrud og gi skolen en bedre rykte.  Vi hadde ganske
5511 mange maskiner, som gikk på Win98 og to servere som ble oppgradert til
5512 Win2000.  Systemene var ustabil og dårlige.  På leting etter noe
5513 bedre, uten å knekke ryggen økonomisk, kom jeg over "Linux i Skolen"
5514 og Skolelinux.  Jeg tok kontakt med miljøet og en gjeng møtte opp på
5515 skolen, der vi gjorde en liten testinstallasjon.  Etter et par år var
5516 ryggraden på skolen Linux (Skolelinux) og vi hadde flere hundre
5517 maskiner, både tynne klienter (gamle og nye), bærbare (Debian) og noen
5518 stasjonære (Win2000).  På et tidspunkt var Ulsrud den råeste IT-skolen
5519 og det irriterte skolesjefen i Oslo, da de satset hardt på
5520 Windows.</p>
5521
5522 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5523
5524 <p>Det som gjorde at vi fikk inn Skolelinux var ene og alene
5525 økonomiske.  Det faktum at vi slapp å kjøpe masse nye lisenser og at
5526 vi kunne bruke gammel hardware.  Alt i alt gjorde dette at vi sparte
5527 mye, men i stede for å bruke mindre på IT brukte vi det vi sparte på å
5528 skaffe mer hardware og på den måten gi det beste tilbudet i landet til
5529 våre elever.  For oss som driftet var det himmel å ha et system som
5530 gikk å administrere sentralt og effektivt.  Det var heller ikke så
5531 dumt at vi kunne "låse" maskinene mer effektivt enn vi kunne med
5532 Microsoft Windows, slik at vi slapp mye feil og problemer som ble
5533 forårsaket av "kreative" elever.</p>
5534
5535 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5536
5537 <p>Det vi slet med var mangelen av en del programmer lærerne ville ha.
5538 Husker ikke alle, men det var et knippe med pedagogiske programmer de
5539 ikke fikk.  I dag tror jeg det problemet er langt mindre da det meste
5540 av disse kjøres gjennom nettleseren.</p>
5541
5542 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
5543
5544 <p>Jeg bruker mye Apple i dag og er ikke så stolt av det, men jeg har
5545 både OpenOffice, Firefox og en del andre programmer på den bærbare.
5546 Firefox brukes mest av disse.  På Apple-serveren hjemme bruker jeg
5547 HandBrake mye, og jeg har installert OpenWRT på flere av
5548 basestasjonene både hjemme og på jobben.  I tillegg til det har jeg i
5549 flere år finansiert et prosjekt som heter
5550 <a href="http://www.found.no/">Found IT</a>.  Dette er et prosjekt der
5551 vi lager et rammeverk for søk, der alt vi bruker fri programvare.  Det
5552 er Alex Brasetvik som er daglig leder i Found IT.</p>
5553
5554 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
5555 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
5556
5557 <p>Når det gjelder IT og skole er fortsatt økonomi veldig viktig.  Så
5558 man må oppfylle minimumskravene (ikke være best, men bra nok) og selge
5559 seg inn på hvor mye man sparer.  Det betyr selvsagt at man sparer på
5560 lisenser, men også på driftsinnsats.  Men nå når jeg ikke er en aktiv
5561 del av miljøet lenger hører jeg nesten ingen ting om fri programvare.
5562 Jeg stiller meg da spørsmålet om det har blitt stille rundt miljøet,
5563 eller om jeg kun så det tydeligere før når jeg var aktiv? Uansett er
5564 det for stille rundt Skolelinux-prosjektet nå.</p>
5565
5566       </div>
5567       <div class="tags">
5568
5569
5570         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5571
5572
5573       </div>
5574     </div>
5575     <div class="padding"></div>
5576
5577     <div class="entry">
5578       <div class="title">
5579         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Jos__Luis_Redrejo_Rodr_guez.html">Debian Edu interview: José Luis Redrejo Rodríguez</a>
5580       </div>
5581       <div class="date">
5582         26th June 2012
5583       </div>
5584       <div class="body">
5585         <p>I've been too busy at home, but finally I found time to wrap up
5586 another interview with the people behind
5587 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>.
5588 This time we get to know José Luis Redrejo Rodríguez, one of our great
5589 helpers from Spain.  His effort was the reason we added support for
5590 several desktop types (KDE, Gnome and most recently LXDE) in Debian
5591 Edu, and have all of these available in the recently published
5592 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
5593 Squeeze</a> version.</p>
5594
5595 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5596
5597 <p>I'm a father, teacher and engineer who is working for the Education
5598 ministry of the Region of Extremadura (Spain) in the implementation of
5599 ICT in schools</p>
5600
5601 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5602 project?</strong></p>
5603
5604 <p>At 2006, I verified that both, we in Extremadura and Skolelinux
5605 project, had been working in parallel for some years, doing very
5606 similar things, using very similar tools and with similar targets, so
5607 I decided it was time to join forces as much as possible.</p>
5608
5609 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5610 Edu?</strong></p>
5611
5612 <p>A community of highly skilled experts working together, with a
5613 really open schema of collaboration and work. I really love the
5614 concepts of Do-ocracy and Merit-ocracy and the way these concepts are
5615 been used everyday inside Debian Edu.</p>
5616
5617 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5618 Edu?</strong></p>
5619
5620 <p>Sometimes the differences in the implementations, laws or
5621 economical and technical resources in the different countries don't
5622 allow us to agree in the same solution for all of us, and several
5623 approaches are needed, what is a waste of effort. Also, there is a
5624 lack of more man power to be able to follow the fast evolution of the
5625 technologies in school.</p>
5626
5627 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5628
5629 <p>Debian, of course, and due to my kind of job I am most of my time
5630 between Iceweasel, <a href="http://www.geany.org/">Geany</a> and
5631 <a href="http://www.ohloh.net/p/gnome-terminator">Terminator</a>.</p>
5632
5633 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5634 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5635
5636 <p>I think there is not a single strategy because there are very
5637 different scenarios: schools with mixed proprietary and free
5638 environments, schools using only workstations, other schools using
5639 laptops, netbooks, tablets, interactive white-boards, etc.</p>
5640
5641 <p>Also the range of ages of the students is very broad and you can
5642 not use the same solutions for primary schools and secondary or even
5643 universities. So different strategies are needed.</p>
5644
5645 <p>But, looking at these differences, and looking back to the things
5646 we've done and implemented, and the places were we have spent most of
5647 our forces, I think we should focus as much as possible in free
5648 multi-platform environments, using only standards tools, and moving
5649 more and more to Internet or network solutions that could be deployed
5650 using wireless. I think we'll see more and more personal devices in
5651 the schools, devices the students and teachers will take home with
5652 them, so the solutions must be able to be taken at home and continue
5653 working there.</p>
5654
5655       </div>
5656       <div class="tags">
5657
5658
5659         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5660
5661
5662       </div>
5663     </div>
5664     <div class="padding"></div>
5665
5666     <div class="entry">
5667       <div class="title">
5668         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu___some_ideas_for_the_future_versions.html">Debian Edu - some ideas for the future versions</a>
5669       </div>
5670       <div class="date">
5671         11th June 2012
5672       </div>
5673       <div class="body">
5674         <p>During my work on
5675 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.nb.html">Debian Edu
5676 based on Squeeze</a>, I came across some issues that should be
5677 addressed in the Wheezy release.  I finally found time to wrap up my
5678 notes and provide quick summary of what I found, with a bit
5679 explanation.</p>
5680
5681 <p><ul>
5682
5683 <li>We need to rewrite our package installation framework, as tasksel
5684 changed from using tasksel tasks to using meta packages (aka packages
5685 with dependencies like our education-* packages), and our installation
5686 system depend on tasksel tasks in
5687 /usr/share/tasksel/debian-edu-tasks.desc for package
5688 installation.</li>
5689
5690 <li>Enable Kerberos login for more services.  Now with the Kerberos
5691 foundation in place, we should use it to get single sign on with more
5692 services, and avoiding unneeded password / login questions.  We should
5693 at least try to enable it for these services:
5694 <ul>
5695
5696   <li>CUPS for admins to add/configure printers and users when using
5697     quotas.</li>
5698   <li>Nagios for admins checking the system status.</li>
5699   <li>GOsa for admins updating LDAP and users changing their passwords.</li>
5700   <li>LDAP for admins updating LDAP.</li>
5701   <li>Squid for users when exam mode / filtering is active.</li>
5702   <li>ssh for admins and users to save a password prompt.</li>
5703
5704 </ul></li>
5705
5706 <li>When we move GOsa to use Kerberos instead of LDAP bind to
5707 authenticate users, we should try to block or at least limit access to
5708 use LDAP bind for authentication, to ensure Kerberos is used when it
5709 is intended, and nothing fall back to using the less safe LDAP bind</li>
5710
5711 <li>Merge debian-edu-config and debian-edu-install.  The split made
5712 sense when d-e-install did a lot more, but these days it is just an
5713 inconvenience when we update the debconf preseeding values.</li>
5714
5715 <li>Fix partman-auto to allow us to abort the installation before
5716 touching the disk if the disk is too small.  This is
5717 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/653305">BTS report #653305</a> and the
5718 d-i developers are fine with the patch and someone just need to apply
5719 it and upload.  After this is done we need to adjust
5720 debian-edu-install to use this new hook.</li>
5721
5722 <li>Adjust to new LTSP framework (boot time config instead of install
5723 time config).  LTSP changed its design, and our hooks to install
5724 packages and update the configuration is most likely not going to work
5725 in Wheezy.
5726
5727 <li>Consider switching to NBD instead of NFS for LTSP root, to allow
5728 the Kernel to cache files in its normal file cache, possibly speeding
5729 up KDE login on slow networks.</li>
5730
5731 <li>Make it possible to create expired user passwords that need to
5732 change on first login.  This is useful when handing out password on
5733 paper, to make sure only the user know the password.  This require
5734 fixes to the PAM handling of kdm and gdm.</li>
5735
5736 <li>Make GUI for adding new machines automatically from sitesummary.
5737 The current command line script is not very friendly to people most
5738 familiar with GUIs.  This should probably be integrated into GOsa to
5739 have it available where the admin will be looking for it..</li>
5740
5741 <li>We should find way for Nagios to check that the DHCP service
5742 actually is working (as in handling out IP addresses).  None of the
5743 Nagios checks I have found so far have been working for me.</li>
5744
5745 <li>We should switch from libpam-nss-ldapd to sssd for all profiles
5746 using LDAP, and not only on for roaming workstations, to have less
5747 packages to configure and consistent setup across all profiles.</li>
5748
5749 <li>We should configure Kerberos to update LDAP and Samba password
5750 when changing password using the Kerberos protocol.  The hook was
5751 requested in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/588968">BTS report
5752 #588968</a> and is now available in Wheezy.  We might need to write a
5753 MIT Kerberos plugin in C to get this.</li>
5754
5755 <li>We should clean up the set of applications installed by default.
5756 <ul>
5757
5758 <li>reduce the number of chemistry visualisers</li>
5759 <li>consider dropping xpaint</li>
5760 <li>and probably more?</li>
5761 </ul></li>
5762
5763 <li>Some hardware need external firmware to work properly.  This is
5764 mostly the case for WiFi network cards, but there are some other
5765 examples too.  For popular laptops to work out of the box, such
5766 firmware need to be installed from non-free, and we should provide
5767 some GUI to do this.  Ubuntu already have this implemented, and we
5768 could consider using their packages.  At the moment we have some
5769 command line script to do this (one for the running system, another
5770 for the LTSP chroot).</li>
5771
5772
5773 <li>In Squeeze, we provide KDE, Gnome and LXDE as desktop options.  We
5774 should extend the list to Xfce and Sugar, and preferably find a way to
5775 install several and allow the admin or the user to select which one to
5776 use.</li>
5777
5778 <li>The golearn tool from the goplay package make it easy to check out
5779 interesting educational packages.  We should work on the package
5780 tagging in Debian to ensure it represent all the useful educational
5781 packages, and extend the tool to allow it to use packagekit to install
5782 new applications with a simple mouse click.</li>
5783
5784 <li>The Squeeze version got half a exam solution already in place,
5785 with the introduction of iptable based network blocking, but for it to
5786 be a complete exam solution the Squid proxy need to enable
5787 filtering/blocking as well when the exam mode is enabled.  We should
5788 implement a way to easily enable this for the schools that want it,
5789 instead of the "it is documented" method of today.</li>
5790
5791 <li>A feature used in several schools is the ability for a teacher to
5792 "take over" the desktop of individual or all computers in the room.
5793 There are at least three implementations,
5794 <a href="italc.sourceforge.net/">italc</a>,
5795 <a href="http://www.itais.net/help/en/">controlaula</a> og
5796 <a href="http://www.epoptes.org/">epoptes</a> and we should pick one of
5797 them and make it trivial to set it up in a school.  The challenges is
5798 how to distribute crypto keys and how to group computers in one room
5799 and how to set up which machine/user can control the machines in a
5800 given room.</li>
5801
5802 <li>Tablets and surf boards are getting more and more popular, and we
5803 should look into providing a good solution for integrating these into
5804 the Debian Edu network.  Not quite sure how.  Perhaps we should
5805 provide a installation profile with better touch screen support for
5806 them, or add some sync services to allow them to exchange
5807 configuration and data with the central server.  This should be
5808 investigated.</li>
5809
5810 </ul></p>
5811
5812 <p>I guess we will discover more as we continue to work on the Wheezy
5813 version.</p>
5814
5815       </div>
5816       <div class="tags">
5817
5818
5819         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5820
5821
5822       </div>
5823     </div>
5824     <div class="padding"></div>
5825
5826     <div class="entry">
5827       <div class="title">
5828         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Mike_Gabriel.html">Debian Edu interview: Mike Gabriel</a>
5829       </div>
5830       <div class="date">
5831          2nd June 2012
5832       </div>
5833       <div class="body">
5834         <p>Back in 2010, Mike Gabriel showed up on the
5835 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
5836 mailing list.  He quickly proved to be a valuable developer, and
5837 thanks to his tireless effort we now have Kerberos integrated into the
5838 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
5839 Squeeze</a> version.</p>
5840
5841 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5842
5843 <p>My name is Mike Gabriel, I am 38 years old and live near Kiel,
5844 Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. I live together with a wonderful partner
5845 (Angela Fuß) and two own children and two bonus children (contributed
5846 by Angela).</p>
5847
5848 <p>During the day I am part-time employed as a system administrator
5849 and part-time working as an IT consultant. The consultancy work
5850 touches free software topics wherever and whenever possible. During
5851 the nights I am a free software developer. In the gaps I also train in
5852 becoming an osteopath.</p>
5853
5854 <p>Starting in 2010 we (Andreas Buchholz, Angela Fuß, Mike Gabriel)
5855 have set up a free software project in the area of Kiel that aims at
5856 introducing free software into schools. The project's name is
5857 "IT-Zukunft Schule" (IT future for schools). The project links IT
5858 skills with communication skills.</p>
5859
5860 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5861 project?</strong></p>
5862
5863 <p>While preparing our own customised Linux distribution for
5864 "IT-Zukunft Schule" we were repeatedly asked if we really wanted to
5865 reinvent the wheel. What schools really need is already available,
5866 people said.  From this impulse we started evaluating other Linux
5867 distributions that target being used for school networks.</p>
5868
5869 <p>At the end we short-listed two approaches and compared them: a
5870 commercial Linux distribution developed by a company in Bremen,
5871 Germany, and Skolelinux / Debian Edu. Between 12/2010 and 03/2011 we
5872 went to several events and met people being responsible for marketing
5873 and development of either of the distributions. Skolelinux / Debian
5874 Edu was by far much more convincing compared to the other product that
5875 got short-listed beforehand--across the full spectrum. What was most
5876 attractive for me personally: the perspective of collaboration within
5877 the developmental branch of the Debian Edu project itself.</p>
5878
5879 <p>In parallel with this, we talked to many local and not-so-local
5880 people.  People teaching at schools, headmasters, politicians, data
5881 protection experts, other IT professionals.</p>
5882
5883 <p>We came to two conclusions:</p>
5884
5885 <p>First, a technical conclusion: What schools need is available in
5886 bits and pieces here and there, and none of the solutions really fit
5887 by 100%. Any school we have seen has a very individual IT setup
5888 whereas most of each school's requirements could mapped by a standard
5889 IT solution.  The requirement to this IT solution is flexibility and
5890 customisability, so that individual adaptations here and there are
5891 possible.  In terms of re-distributing and rolling out such a
5892 standardised IT system for schools (a system that is still to some
5893 degree customisable) there is still a lot of work to do here
5894 locally. Debian Edu / Skolelinux has been our choice as the starting
5895 point.</p>
5896
5897 <p>Second, a holistic conclusion: What schools need does not exist at
5898 all (or we missed it so far). There are several technical solutions
5899 for handling IT at schools that tend to make a good impression. What
5900 has been missing completely here in Germany, though, is the enrolment
5901 of people into using IT and teaching with IT. "IT-Zukunft Schule"
5902 tries to provide an approach for this.</p>
5903
5904 <p>Only some schools have some sort of a media concept which explains,
5905 defines and gives guidance on how to use IT in class. Most schools in
5906 Northern Germany do not have an IT service provider, the school's IT
5907 equipment is managed by one or (if the school is lucky) two (admin)
5908 teachers, most of the workload these admin teachers get done in there
5909 spare time.</p>
5910
5911 <p>We were surprised that only a very few admin teachers were
5912 networked with colleagues from other schools. Basically, every school
5913 here around has its individual approach of providing IT equipment to
5914 teachers and students and the exchange of ideas has been quasi
5915 non-existent until 2010/2011.</p>
5916
5917 <p>Quite some (non-admin) teachers try to avoid using IT technology in
5918 class as a learning medium completely. Several reasons for this
5919 avoidance do exist.</p>
5920
5921 <p>We discovered that no-one has ever taken a closer look at this
5922 social part of IT management in schools, so far. On our quest journey
5923 for a technical IT solution for schools, we discussed this issue with
5924 several teachers, headmasters, politicians, other IT professionals and
5925 they all confirmed: a holistic approach of considering IT management
5926 at schools, an approach that includes the people in place, will be new
5927 and probably a gain for all.</p>
5928
5929 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5930 Edu?</strong></p>
5931
5932 <p>There is a list of advantages: international context, openness to
5933 any kind of contributions, do-ocracy policy, the closeness to Debian,
5934 the different installation scenarios possible (from stand-alone
5935 workstation to complex multi-server sites), the transparency within
5936 project communication, honest communication within the group of
5937 developers, etc.</p>
5938
5939 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5940 Edu?</strong></p>
5941
5942 <p>Every coin has two sides:</p>
5943
5944 <p>Technically: <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/311188">BTS issue
5945 #311188</a>, tricky upgradability of a Debian Edu main server, network
5946 client installations on top of a plain vanilla Debian installation
5947 should become possible sometime in the near future, one could think
5948 about splitting the very complex package debian-edu-config into
5949 several portions (to make it easier for new developers to
5950 contribute).</p>
5951
5952 <p>Another issue I see is that we (as Debian Edu developers) should
5953 find out more about the network of people who do the marketing for
5954 Debian Edu / Skolelinux. There is a very active group in Germany
5955 promoting Skolelinux on the bigger Linux Days within Germany. Are
5956 there other groups like that in other countries? How can we bring
5957 these marketing people together (marketing group A with group B and
5958 all of them with the group of Debian Edu developers)? During the last
5959 meeting of the German Skolelinux group, I got the impression of people
5960 there being rather disconnected from the development department of
5961 Debian Edu / Skolelinux.</p>
5962
5963 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5964
5965 <p>For my daily business, I do not use commercial software at all.</p>
5966
5967 <p>For normal stuff I use Iceweasel/Firefox, Libreoffice.org. For
5968 serious text writing I prefer LaTeX. I use gimp, inkscape, scribus for
5969 more artistic tasks. I run virtual machines in KVM and Virtualbox.</p>
5970
5971 <p>I am one of the upstream developers of X2Go. In 2010 I started the
5972 development of a Python based X2Go Client, called PyHoca-GUI.
5973 PyHoca-GUI has brought forth a Python X2Go Client API that currently
5974 is being integrated in Ubuntu's software center.</p>
5975
5976 <p>For communications I have my own Kolab server running using Horde
5977 as web-based groupware client. For IRC I love to use irssi, for Jabber
5978 I have several clients that I use, mostly pidgin, though. I am also
5979 the Debian maintainer of Coccinella, a Jabber-based interactive
5980 whiteboard.</p>
5981
5982 <p>My favourite terminal emulator is KDE's Yakuake.</p>
5983
5984 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5985 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5986
5987 <p>Communicate, communicate, communicate. Enrol people, enrol people,
5988 enrol people.</p>
5989
5990       </div>
5991       <div class="tags">
5992
5993
5994         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5995
5996
5997       </div>
5998     </div>
5999     <div class="padding"></div>
6000
6001     <div class="entry">
6002       <div class="title">
6003         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Ralf_Gesellensetter.html">Debian Edu interview: Ralf Gesellensetter</a>
6004       </div>
6005       <div class="date">
6006         27th May 2012
6007       </div>
6008       <div class="body">
6009         <p>In 2003, a German teacher showed up on the
6010 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
6011 mailing list with interesting problems and reports proving he setting
6012 up Linux for a (for us at the time) lot of pupils.  His name was Ralf
6013 Gesellensetter, and he has been an important tester and contributor
6014 since then, helping to make sure the
6015 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
6016 Squeeze</a> release became as good as it is..</p>
6017
6018 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
6019
6020 <p>I am a teacher from Germany, and my subjects are Geography,
6021 Mathematics, and Computer Science ("Informatik"). During the past 12
6022 years (since 2000), I have been working for a comprehensive (and soon,
6023 also inclusive) school leading to all kind of general levels, such as
6024 O- or A-level ("Abitur").  For quite as long, I've been taking care of
6025 our computer network.</p>
6026
6027 <p>Now, in my early 40s, I enjoy the privilege of spending a lot of my
6028 spare time together with my wife, our son (3 years) and our daughter
6029 (4 months).</p>
6030
6031 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
6032 project?</strong></p>
6033
6034 <p>We had tried different Linux based school servers, when members of
6035 my local Linux User Group (LUG OWL) detected Skolelinux. I remember
6036 very well, being part of a party celebrating the Linux New Media Award
6037 ("Best Newcomer Distribution", also nominated: Ubuntu) that was given
6038 to Skolelinux at Linux World Exposition in Frankfurt, 2005 (IIRC). Few
6039 months later, I had the chance to join a developer meeting in Ulsrud
6040 (Oslo) and to hand out the award to Knut Yrvin and others.  For more
6041 than 7 years, Skolelinux is part of our schools infrastructure, namely
6042 our main server (tjener), one LTSP (today without thin clients), and
6043 approximately 50 work stations. Most of these have the option to boot a
6044 locally installed Skolelinux image.  As a consequence, I joined quite
6045 a few events dealing with free software or Linux, and met many Debian
6046 (Edu) developers. All of them seemed quite nice and competent to me,
6047 one more reason to stick to Skolelinux.</p>
6048
6049 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6050 Edu?</strong></p>
6051
6052 <p>Debian driven, you are given all the advantages of a community
6053 project including well maintained updates. Once, you are familiar with
6054 the network layout, you can easily roll out an entire educational
6055 computer infrastructure, from just one installation media. As only
6056 free software (FOSS) is used, that supports even elderly hardware,
6057 up-sizing your IT equipment is only limited by space (i.e. available
6058 labs).  Especially if you run a LTSP thin client server, your
6059 administration costs tend towards zero.</p>
6060
6061 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6062 Edu?</strong></p>
6063
6064 <p>While Debian's stability has loads of advantages for servers, this
6065 might be different in some cases for clients: Schools with unlimited
6066 budget might buy new hardware with components that are not yet
6067 supported by Debian stable, or wish to use more recent versions of
6068 office packages or desktop environments.  These schools have the
6069 option to run Debian testing or other distributions - if they have the
6070 capacity to do so.  Another issue is that Debian release cycles
6071 include a wide range of changes; therefor a high percentage of human
6072 power seems to be absorbed by just keeping the features of Skolelinux
6073 within the new setting of the version to come. During this process,
6074 the cogs of Debian Edu are getting more and more professional,
6075 i.e. harder to understand for novices.</p>
6076
6077 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
6078
6079 <p>LibreOffice, Wikipedia, Openstreetmap, Iceweasel (Mozilla Firefox),
6080 KMail, Gimp, Inkscape - and of course the Linux Kernel (not only on
6081 PC, Laptop, Mobile, but also our SAT receiver)</p>
6082
6083 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
6084 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
6085
6086 <p><ol>
6087
6088 <li>Support computer science as regular subject in schools to make
6089 people really "own" their hardware, to make them understand the
6090 difference between proprietary software products, and free software
6091 developing.</li>
6092
6093 <li>Make budget baskets corresponding: In Germany's public schools
6094 there are more or less fixed budgets for IT equipment (including
6095 licenses), so schools won't benefit from any savings here. This
6096 privilege is left to private schools which have consequently a large
6097 share among German Skolelinux schools.</li>
6098
6099 <li>Get free software in the seminars where would-be teachers are
6100 trained. In many cases, teachers' software customs are respected by
6101 decision makers rather than the expertise of any IT experts.</li>
6102
6103 <li>Don't limit ourself to free software run natively. Everybody uses
6104 free software or free licenses (for instance Wikipedia), and this
6105 general concept should get expanded to free educational content to be
6106 shared world wide (school books e.g.).</li>
6107
6108 <li>Make clear where ever you can that the market share of free (libre)
6109 office suites is much above 20 p.c. today, and that you pupils don't
6110 need to know the "ribbon menu" in order to get employed.</li>
6111
6112 <li>Talk about the difference between freeware and free software.</li>
6113
6114 <li>Spread free software, or even collections of portable free apps
6115 for USB pen drives. Endorse students to get a legal copy of
6116 Libreoffice rather than accepting them to use illegal serials.  And
6117 keep sending documents in ODF formats.</li>
6118
6119 </ol></p>
6120
6121       </div>
6122       <div class="tags">
6123
6124
6125         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
6126
6127
6128       </div>
6129     </div>
6130     <div class="padding"></div>
6131
6132     <div class="entry">
6133       <div class="title">
6134         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Alf_Tonny_B_tz.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Alf Tonny Bätz</a>
6135       </div>
6136       <div class="date">
6137         20th May 2012
6138       </div>
6139       <div class="body">
6140         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektets</a>
6141 musiker og mannen bak
6142 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Manuals/Rosegarden/">opplæringsdokumentene
6143 i Rosegarden</a>
6144 (<a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/nb/rosegarden-manual.html">norsk
6145 utgave</a>) for musikklærere, Alf Tonny Bätz, er neste mann ut i min
6146 intervjurunde av folkene bak Skolelinux-løsningen.  Jeg har kjent Alf
6147 Tonny siden vi møttes som barn på påskefjellet i Ofoten, og ble
6148 gledelig overrasket da han dukket opp i Skolelinux-prosjektet etter å
6149 ikke ha sett noe til ham på mange år.</p>
6150
6151 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6152
6153 <p>Jeg er utdannet kokk av yrke, og har utøvet yrket i 12 år.  Men
6154 etter at ryggen sa takk før seg, studerte jeg nettverksadministrasjon
6155 ved Næringsakademiet i Bergen årene 2008-2009 slik at jeg kunne
6156 forfølge en av mine største interesser - data.  Til daglig jobber jeg
6157 ved <a href="http://www.narvikskolen.no/parken/">Parken
6158 ungdomsskole</a> med å drifte skolens PC-er. Har også litt
6159 musikkundervisning.</p>
6160
6161 <p>Mitt mål er å bevisstgjøre musikklærene mulighetene med de frie
6162 programmene som finnes i Skolelinux, blant annet Rosegarden.</p>
6163
6164 <p>Har i mange år drevet med musikk og en av grunnen til at Rosegarden
6165 falt i smak for min del, var fordi denne fungere og ligner mest på
6166 Windows-programmet (cubase) jeg jobbet mye med da jeg i mine yngre
6167 dager var «Windows fanatiker».  Ble introdusert til Linux av en kompis
6168 av meg for omtrent 14 år siden, og har bare blitt mer og mer glad i
6169 dette operativsystemet.</p>
6170
6171 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6172
6173 <p>Da jeg ble sykemeldt fra min gamle jobb, og måtte omskoleres,
6174 havnet jeg i 2007 sammen med Viggo Fedreheim på IKT-avdelingen i
6175 Narvik kommune, der ble jeg for første gang introdusert til
6176 Skolelinuxprosjektet.</p>
6177
6178 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6179
6180 <p>Skolelinux er enkelt å holde i drift og masse flotte programmer som
6181 geogebra, ktouch og kgeografi følger med pakken.  Man kan ta i bruk
6182 gamle PC-er igjen, slik at skoler med dårlig råd får opp en brukbar
6183 PC-park.  PC-er som er ca 6-9 år gamle fungere tilfredstillende, bare
6184 de har 512 MB RAM eller mer.</p>
6185
6186 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6187
6188 <p>Ulempene er at noen av de pedagogiske programmene som lærene ønsker
6189 å bruke fungere dårlig med Linux.  Mye pga. av at disse programmene
6190 blir ikke laget til Linuxbaserte operativsystemer.</p>
6191
6192 <p>Video- og bilde-redigering har dessverre en del mangler, mange av
6193 programmene har en tendens til og krasje.  Det gjelder blant annet
6194 <a href="http://www.kdenlive.org/">kdenlive</a> og
6195 <a href="http://www.openshotvideo.com/">openshot</a>, for å nevne
6196 noen.  De er ikke stabile nok.  Når elevene kommer med filmsnutter de
6197 ønsker og jobbe med, så godtar ikke programmene filene, og når elevene
6198 jobber med redigering bare krasjer programmene uten forvarsel.  Det er
6199 for vanskelig å få noe som bare fungerer ut av boksen her. Når en elev
6200 plugger inn et videokamera eller fotoapparat så er det alltid noe som
6201 ikke vil fungere.  Programmene godtar ikke format, godtar ikke
6202 kameraet, osv., osv. Det er dessverre med på og dra ned en positiv
6203 opplevelse av bruk av fri programvare.</p>
6204
6205 <p>Man må ofte bruke flere en et video redigerings program før og få
6206 fullført en ønsket oppgave.</p>
6207
6208 <p>Eksempel:</p>
6209
6210 <p>Hvis det ene programmet ikke vil ta i mot videofilen klarer et
6211 annet det, men det programmet som klarer det kan ikke gjøre de samme
6212 oppgavene som det programmet som ikke ville ta i mot filen,
6213 Tilsvarende er det med foto, man må bruke flere programmer for å få
6214 et ferdig resultat. Til dags dato har jeg enda ikke funnet et video-
6215 og fotoprogram som kan tilfredstillende fullføre en oppgave.</p>
6216
6217 <p>Så man kan klare og fullføre en oppgave, men i verste fall må man
6218 innom 3-4 programmer for å få det til.  Så jeg har enda ikke til dags
6219 dato sett at et program fungere 100% til alt.</p>
6220
6221 <p>Det programmet jeg har best erfaring til er
6222 <a href="http://cinelerra.org/">cinelerra</a>, men dessverre har det
6223 også tendenser og krasje av og til uten grunn.</p>
6224
6225 Lydsystemet kan også være et mareritt.  Konkret snakker jeg om når du
6226 bruker for eksempel et smartboard, så følger det med USB-lydkort på
6227 disse.  Problemet ligger her i at systemet ikke vil velge rett
6228 lydkort, så man må inn med padevchooser for å sette opp PulseAudio
6229 til og velge at USB-lydkortet skal brukes.  Det blir for tungvindt for
6230 lærene, de ønsker at ting skal fungere med en gang. (min løsning på
6231 det problemet ble at jeg måtte deaktivere lydkortet som fantes på
6232 maskinen) men da må man bestandig slå på smartboard-tavla.
6233
6234 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6235
6236 Programmene jeg bruker mest av er: Rosegarden, jack, qsynth, audacity,
6237 k3b, openttd og libreoffice.
6238
6239 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6240 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6241
6242 Jeg tror det må bevisstgjøring av Skolene til, dvs. reklamere høylytt
6243 og fortelle og vise de andre skolene at frie programvarer faktisk
6244 fungere.  Jeg trur faktisk mange ikke vet at det finnes frie
6245 alternativer.
6246
6247       </div>
6248       <div class="tags">
6249
6250
6251         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6252
6253
6254       </div>
6255     </div>
6256     <div class="padding"></div>
6257
6258     <div class="entry">
6259       <div class="title">
6260         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__J_rgen_Leibner.html">Debian Edu interview: Jürgen Leibner</a>
6261       </div>
6262       <div class="date">
6263         13th May 2012
6264       </div>
6265       <div class="body">
6266         <p>It has been a few busy weeks for me, but I am finally back to
6267 publish another interview with the people behind
6268 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>.
6269 This time it is one of our German developers, who have helped out over the
6270 years to make sure both a lot of major but also a lot of the minor
6271 details get right before release.
6272
6273 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
6274
6275 <p>My name is Jürgen Leibner, I'm 49 years old and living in
6276 Bielefeld, a town in northern Germany.  I worked nearly 20 years as
6277 certified engineer in the department for plant design and layout of an
6278 international company for machinery and equipment.  Since 2011 I'm a
6279 certified technical writer (tekom e.V.) and doing technical
6280 documentations for a steam turbine manufacturer.  From April this year
6281 I will manage the department of technical documentation at a
6282 manufacturer of automation and assembly line engineering.</p>
6283
6284 <p>My first contact with linux was around 1993. Since that time I used
6285 it at work and at home repeatedly but not exclusively as I do now at
6286 home since 2006.</p>
6287
6288 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
6289 project?</strong></p>
6290
6291 <p>Once a day in the early year of 2001 when I wanted to fetch my
6292 daughter from primary school, there was a teacher sitting in the
6293 middle of 20 old computers trying to boot them and he failed. I helped
6294 him to get them booting. That was seen by the school director and she
6295 asked me if I would like to manage that the school gets all that old
6296 computers in use. I answered: "Yes".</p>
6297
6298 <p>Some weeks later every of the 10 classrooms had one computer
6299 running Windows98. I began to collect old computers and equipment as
6300 gifts and installed the first computer room with a peer-to-peer
6301 network. I did my work at school without being payed in my spare time
6302 and with a lot of fun.  About one year later the school was connected
6303 to Internet and a local area network was installed in the school
6304 building.  That was the time to have a server and I knew it must be a
6305 Linux server to be able to fulfil all the wishes of the teachers and
6306 being able to do this in a transparent and economic way, without extra
6307 costs for things like licence and software.  So I searched for a
6308 school server system running under Linux and I found a couple of
6309 people nearby who founded 'skolelinux.de'. It was the Skolelinux
6310 prerelease 32 I first tried out for being used at the school.  I
6311 managed the IT of that school until the municipal authority took over
6312 the IT management and centralised the services for all schools in
6313 Bielefeld in December of 2006.</p>
6314
6315 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6316 Edu?</strong></p>
6317
6318 <p>When I'm looking back to the beginning, there were other advantages
6319 for me as today.</p>
6320
6321 <p>In the past there were advantages like:</p>
6322
6323 <p><ul>
6324
6325 <li>I don't need to buy it so it generates no costs to the school as
6326 they had little money to spent for computers and software.</li>
6327
6328 <li>It has a licence which grands all rights to use it without
6329 cost.</li>
6330
6331 <li>It was more able to fit all requirements of a server system for
6332 schools than a Microsoft server system, even if there are only Windows
6333 clients because of it's preconfigured overall concept of being a
6334 infrastructure solution and community for schools, not only a
6335 server</li>
6336
6337 <li>I was able to configure the server to the needs of the
6338 school.</li>
6339
6340 </ul></p>
6341
6342 <p>Today some of the advantages has been lost, changed or new ones
6343 came up in this way:</p>
6344
6345 <p><ul>
6346
6347 <li>Most schools here do have money to buy hardware and software
6348 now.</li>
6349
6350 <li>They are today mostly managed from central IT departments which
6351 have own concepts which often do not fit to Debian Edu concepts
6352 because they are to close to Microsoft ideology.</li>
6353
6354 <li>With the Squeeze version of Debian Edu which now uses GOsa² for
6355 management I feel more able to manage the daily tasks than with the
6356 interfaces used in the past.</li>
6357
6358 <li>It is more modular than in the past and fits even better to the
6359 different needs.</li>
6360
6361 <li>The documentation is usable and gets better every day.</li>
6362
6363 <li>More people than ever before are using Debian Edu all over the
6364 world and so the community, which is an very important part I think,
6365 is sharing knowledge and minds.</li>
6366
6367 <li>Most, maybe all, of the technical requirements for schools are
6368 solved today by Debian Edu. </li>
6369
6370 </ul></p>
6371
6372 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6373 Edu?</strong></p>
6374
6375 <p><ul>
6376
6377 <li>There are too few IT companies able to integrate Debian Edu into
6378 their product portfolio for serving schools with concepts or even
6379 whole municipality areas.</li>
6380
6381 <li>Debian Edu has beside other free and open software projects not
6382 enough lobbyists which promote free and open software to
6383 politicians.</li>
6384
6385 <li>Technically there are no disadvantages I'm aware of.</li>
6386
6387 </ul></p>
6388
6389 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
6390
6391 <p>I use Debian stable on my home server and on my little desktop
6392 computer. On my laptop I use Debian testing/sid. The applications I
6393 use on my laptop and my desktop are Open/Libre-office, Iceweasel,
6394 KMail, DigiKam, Amarok, Dolphin, okular and all the other programs I
6395 need from the KDE environment.  On console I use newsbeuter, mutt,
6396 screen, irssi and all the other famous and useful tools.</p>
6397
6398 <p>My home server provides mail services with exim, dovecot, roundcube
6399 and mutt over ssh on the console, file services with samba, NFS,
6400 rsync, web services with apache, moinmoin-wiki, multimedia services
6401 with gallery2 and mediatomb and database services with MySQL for me
6402 and the whole family.  I probably forgot something.</p>
6403
6404 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
6405 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
6406
6407 <p>I believe, we should provide concepts for IT companies to integrate
6408 Debian Edu into their product portfolio with use cases for different
6409 countries and areas all over the world.</p>
6410
6411       </div>
6412       <div class="tags">
6413
6414
6415         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
6416
6417
6418       </div>
6419     </div>
6420     <div class="padding"></div>
6421
6422     <div class="entry">
6423       <div class="title">
6424         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Forskning___GPL_gir_lokal_frihet_og_kontroll_gjennom_omfordeling_av_makt_fra_produsent_til_bruker_.html">Forskning: "GPL gir lokal frihet og kontroll gjennom omfordeling av makt fra produsent til bruker"</a>
6425       </div>
6426       <div class="date">
6427         15th April 2012
6428       </div>
6429       <div class="body">
6430         <p>Da jeg googlet etter noe annet kom jeg tilfeldigvis over
6431 <a href="http://www.duo.uio.no/sok/work.html?WORKID=58309">en
6432 hovedfagsoppgave</a> ved Universitetet i Oslo som diskuterer verdien
6433 av GPLs fire friheter for brukerne av IT-systemer.  Jeg ble fascinert
6434 over det som presenteres der.  Her er sammendraget:</p>
6435
6436 <p><blockquote>
6437
6438 <p>Motivasjonen til å skrive denne oppgaven er en personlig undring
6439 over hvorfor det primært, og ofte eksklusivt, fokuseres på det
6440 økonomiske aspektet ved utredninger om fri programvare er et godt valg
6441 for det offentlige. Fri og produsenteid programvare bygger på
6442 fundamentalt forskjellige ideologier som kan ha implikasjoner utover
6443 økonomiske kostnader. Kunnskapskulturen som er med på å definere fri
6444 programvare er basert på åpenhet, og er en verdi i seg selv.</p>
6445
6446 <p>Oppgavens tema er programvarelisensen GPL og frihet. GPL-lisensiert
6447 programvare gir visse friheter i forhold til produsenteid
6448 programvare. Mitt spørsmål er om, og eventuelt i hvilken utstrekning,
6449 disse frihetene blir benyttet av ulike brukere og hvordan de
6450 manifesterer seg for disse brukerne. Sentrale spørsmål i oppgaven
6451 er:</p>
6452
6453 <ul>
6454 <li>Hvordan fordeles handlekraft gjennom lisensieringen av programvaren?</li>
6455 <li>Hvilke konsekvenser har programvarelisensen for de ulike brukere? </li>
6456 </ul>
6457
6458 <p>Fri programvare gir blant annet brukeren mulighet til å studere og
6459 modifisere kildekoden. Denne formen for frihet erverves gjennom
6460 kunnskap og krever at brukeren også er en ekspert. Hva skjer med
6461 frihetene til GPL når sluttbrukeren er en annen? Dette diskuteres i
6462 dialog med informantene.</p>
6463
6464 <p>Jeg har i denne oppgaven samlet inn intervjudata fra IKT-ansvarlige
6465 ved grunnskolene i Nittedal kommune, driftsansvarlig og IKT-veilederen
6466 for skolene i kommunen, samt IKT-koordinator for utdanning i Akershus
6467 fylkeskommune og bokmåloversettere av OpenOffice.org. Den empiriske
6468 delen av oppgaven er delt inn i to seksjoner; den første omhandler
6469 operativsystemet Skolelinux, den andre kontorprogrampakken
6470 OpenOffice.org.</p>
6471
6472 <p>Som vi vil se gir GPL lokal frihet og kontroll gjennom omfordeling
6473 av makt fra produsent til bruker. Brukerens makt analyseres gjennom
6474 begrepene brukermedvirkning og handlingsfrihet. Det blir også lagt
6475 vekt på strukturelle forhold rundt bruken av teknologi, og spesielt de
6476 økonomiske begrepene nettverkseksternaliteter, innlåsing og
6477 stiavhengighet. Dette er begreper av spesiell nytte når objektet som
6478 omsettes eller distribueres er et kommunikasjonsprodukt, fordi verdien
6479 til et slikt gode for en potensiell bruker avhenger av antall
6480 eksisterende brukere av godet. I tilknytning til denne problematikken
6481 inneholder oppgaven også en diskusjon rundt åpne standarder og
6482 formater.</p>
6483
6484 <p>Oppgaven konkluderer med at de «fire frihetene» som GPL-lisensen er
6485 laget for å beskytte er av avgjørende betydning for bruken av
6486 OpenOffice.org og Skolelinux, i Akershus fylkeskommune såvel som i
6487 skolene i Nittedal. Distribusjonen av handlekraft er ikke helt
6488 symmetrisk. Det er først og fremst de profesjonelle utviklerne i
6489 Skolelinux som direkte kan nyttiggjøre seg friheten til å endre kode,
6490 mens en sluttbruker som Nittedal kommune nyttiggjør seg den økonomiske
6491 friheten til å kunne distribuere programmene. Det er imidlertid også
6492 slik at ingen aktør klarer seg uten alle disse «frihetene».</p>
6493 </blockquote></p>
6494
6495 <p>Jeg fant også en masteroppgave fra 2006, men der ligger ikke
6496 komplett oppgave tilgjengelig.  På tide å holde et øye med
6497 <a href="http://www.duo.uio.no/sok/search.html?q=skolelinux">Skolelinux-søket</a>
6498 til DUO...</p>
6499
6500
6501       </div>
6502       <div class="tags">
6503
6504
6505         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6506
6507
6508       </div>
6509     </div>
6510     <div class="padding"></div>
6511
6512     <div class="entry">
6513       <div class="title">
6514         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Andreas_Mundt.html">Debian Edu interview: Andreas Mundt</a>
6515       </div>
6516       <div class="date">
6517         15th April 2012
6518       </div>
6519       <div class="body">
6520         <p>Behind <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
6521 Skolelinux</a> there are a lot of people doing the hard work of
6522 setting together all the pieces.  This time I present to you Andreas
6523 Mundt, who have been part of the technical development team several
6524 years.  He was also a key contributor in getting GOsa and Kerberos set
6525 up in the recently released
6526 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">Debian
6527 Edu Squeeze</a> version.</p>
6528
6529 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
6530
6531 <p>My name is Andreas Mundt, I grew up in south Germany.  After
6532 studying Physics I spent several years at university doing research in
6533 Quantum Optics.  After that I worked some years in an optics company.
6534 Finally I decided to turn over a new leaf in my life and started
6535 teaching 10 to 19 years old kids at school.  I teach math, physics,
6536 information technology and science/technology.</p>
6537
6538 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
6539 project?</strong></p>
6540
6541 <p>Already before I switched to teaching, I followed the Debian Edu
6542 project because of my interest in education and Debian.  Within the
6543 qualification/training period for the teaching, I started
6544 contributing.</p>
6545
6546 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6547 Edu?</strong></p>
6548
6549 <p>The advantages of Debian Edu are the well known name, the
6550 out-of-the-box philosophy and of course the great free software of the
6551 Debian Project!</p>
6552
6553 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6554 Edu?</strong></p>
6555
6556 <p>As every coin has two sides, the out-of-the-box philosophy has its
6557 downside, too.  In my opinion, it is hard to modify and tweak the
6558 setup, if you need or want that.  Further more, it is not easily
6559 possible to upgrade the system to a new release.  It takes much too
6560 long after a Debian release to prepare the -Edu release, perhaps
6561 because the number of developers working on the core of the code is
6562 rather small and often busy elsewhere.</p>
6563
6564 <p>The <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianLAN">Debian LAN</a>
6565 project might fill the use case of a more flexible system.</p>
6566
6567 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
6568
6569 <p>I am only using non-free software if I am forced to and run Debian
6570 on all my machines.  For documents I prefer LaTeX and PGF/TikZ, then
6571 mutt and iceweasel for email respectively web browsing.  At school I
6572 have Arduino and Fritzing in use for a micro controller project.</p>
6573
6574 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
6575 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
6576
6577 <p>One of the major problems is the vendor lock-in from top to bottom:
6578 Especially in combination with ignorant government employees and
6579 politicians, this works out great for the "market-leader".  The school
6580 administration here in Baden-Wuerttemberg is occupied by that vendor.
6581 Documents have to be prepared in non-free, proprietary formats.  Even
6582 free browsers do not work for the school administration.  Publishers
6583 of school books provide software only for proprietary platforms.</p>
6584
6585 <p>To change this, political work is very important.  Parts of the
6586 political spectrum have become aware of the problem in the last years.
6587 However it takes quite some time and courageous politicians to 'free'
6588 the system.  There is currently some discussion about "Open Data" and
6589 "Free/Open Standards".  I am not sure if all the involved parties have
6590 a clue about the potential of these ideas, and probably only a
6591 fraction takes them seriously.  However it might slowly make free
6592 software and the philosophy behind it more known and popular.</p>
6593
6594       </div>
6595       <div class="tags">
6596
6597
6598         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
6599
6600
6601       </div>
6602     </div>
6603     <div class="padding"></div>
6604
6605     <div class="entry">
6606       <div class="title">
6607         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Justin_B__Rye.html">Debian Edu interview: Justin B. Rye</a>
6608       </div>
6609       <div class="date">
6610          8th April 2012
6611       </div>
6612       <div class="body">
6613         <p>It take all kind of contributions to create a Linux distribution
6614 like <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>,
6615 and this time I lend the ear to Justin B. Rye, who is listed as a big
6616 contributor to the
6617 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">Debian
6618 Edu Squeeze release manual</a>.
6619
6620 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
6621
6622 <p>I'm a 44-year-old linguistics graduate living in Edinburgh who has
6623 occasionally been employed as a sysadmin.</p>
6624
6625 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
6626 project?</strong></p>
6627
6628 <p>I'm neither a developer nor a Skolelinux/Debian Edu user!  The only
6629 reason my name's in the credits for the documentation is that I hang
6630 around on debian-l10n-english waiting for people to mention things
6631 they'd like a native English speaker to proofread...  So I did a sweep
6632 through the wiki for typos and Norglish and inconsistent spellings of
6633 "localisation".</p>
6634
6635 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6636 Edu?</strong></p>
6637
6638 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6639 Edu?</strong></p>
6640
6641 <p>These questions are too hard for me - I don't use it!  In fact I
6642 had hardly any contact with I.T. until long after I'd got out of the
6643 education system.</p>
6644
6645 <p>I can tell you the advantages of Debian for me though: it soaks up
6646 as much of my free time as I want and no more, and lets me do
6647 everything I want a computer for without ever forcing me to spend
6648 money on the latest hardware.</p>
6649
6650 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
6651
6652 <p>I've been using Debian since Rex; popularity-contest says the
6653 software that I use most is xinit, xterm, and xulrunner (in other
6654 words, I use a distinctly retro sort of desktop).</p>
6655
6656 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
6657 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
6658
6659 <p>Well, I don't know.  I suppose I'd be inclined to try reasoning
6660 with the people who make the decisions, but obviously if that worked
6661 you would hardly need a strategy.</p>
6662
6663       </div>
6664       <div class="tags">
6665
6666
6667         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
6668
6669
6670       </div>
6671     </div>
6672     <div class="padding"></div>
6673
6674     <div class="entry">
6675       <div class="title">
6676         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_the_KDE_menu_is_slow_when__usr__is_NFS_mounted___and_a_workaround.html">Why the KDE menu is slow when /usr/ is NFS mounted - and a workaround</a>
6677       </div>
6678       <div class="date">
6679          6th April 2012
6680       </div>
6681       <div class="body">
6682         <p>Recently I have spent time with
6683 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a> on speeding
6684 up a <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
6685 Lenny installation using LTSP diskless workstations, and in the
6686 process I discovered something very surprising.  The reason the KDE
6687 menu was responding slow when using it for the first time, was mostly
6688 due to the way KDE find application icons.  I discovered that showing
6689 the Multimedia menu would cause more than 20 000 IP packages to be
6690 passed between the LTSP client and the NFS server.  Most of these were
6691
6692 NFS LOOKUP calls, resulting in a NFS3ERR_NOENT response.  Because the
6693 ping times between the client and the server were in the range 2-20
6694 ms, the menus would be very slow.  Looking at the strace of kicker in
6695 Lenny (or plasma-desktop i Squeeze - same problem there), I see that
6696 the source of these NFS calls are access(2) system calls for
6697 non-existing files.  KDE can do hundreds of access(2) calls to find
6698 one icon file.  In my example, just finding the mplayer icon required
6699 around 230 access(2) calls.</p>
6700
6701 <p>The KDE code seem to search for icons using a list of icon
6702 directories, and the list of possible directories is large.  In
6703 (almost) each directory, it look for files ending in .png, .svgz, .svg
6704 and .xpm.  The result is a very slow KDE menu when /usr/ is NFS
6705 mounted.  Showing a single sub menu may result in thousands of NFS
6706 requests.  I am not the first one to discover this.  I found a
6707 <a href="https://bugs.kde.org/show_bug.cgi?id=211416">KDE bug report
6708 from 2009</a> about this problem, and it is still unsolved.</p>
6709
6710 <p>My solution to speed up the KDE menu was to create a package
6711 kde-icon-cache that upon installation will look at all .desktop files
6712 used to generate the KDE menu, find their icons, search the icon paths
6713 for the file that KDE will end up finding at run time, and copying the
6714 icon file to /var/lib/kde-icon-cache/.  Finally, I add symlinks to
6715 these icon files in one of the first directories where KDE will look
6716 for them.  This cut down the number of file accesses required to find
6717 one icon from several hundred to less than 5, and make the KDE menu
6718 almost instantaneous.  I'm not quite sure where to make the package
6719 publicly available, so for now it is only available on request.</p>
6720
6721 <p>The bug report mention that this do not only affect the KDE menu
6722 and icon handling, but also the login process.  Not quite sure how to
6723 speed up that part without replacing NFS with for example NBD, and
6724 that is not really an option at the moment.</p>
6725
6726 <p>If you got feedback on this issue, please let us know on debian-edu
6727 (at) lists.debian.org.</p>
6728
6729 <p>Update 2015-08-04: The
6730 <a href="http://anonscm.debian.org/cgit/debian-edu/upstream/kde-icon-cache.git/">source
6731 of the scripts and associated Debian package</a> is available from the
6732 Debian Edu github repository.</p>
6733
6734       </div>
6735       <div class="tags">
6736
6737
6738         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6739
6740
6741       </div>
6742     </div>
6743     <div class="padding"></div>
6744
6745     <div class="entry">
6746       <div class="title">
6747         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_in_the_Linux_Weekly_News.html">Debian Edu in the Linux Weekly News</a>
6748       </div>
6749       <div class="date">
6750          5th April 2012
6751       </div>
6752       <div class="body">
6753         <p>About two weeks ago, I was interviewed via email about
6754 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a> by
6755 Bruce Byfield in Linux Weekly News.  The result was made public for
6756 non-subscribers today.  I am pleased to see liked our Linux solution
6757 for schools.  Check out his article
6758 <a href="https://lwn.net/Articles/488805/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux: A
6759 distribution for education</a> if you want to learn more.</p>
6760
6761       </div>
6762       <div class="tags">
6763
6764
6765         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6766
6767
6768       </div>
6769     </div>
6770     <div class="padding"></div>
6771
6772     <div class="entry">
6773       <div class="title">
6774         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Wolfgang_Schweer.html">Debian Edu interview: Wolfgang Schweer</a>
6775       </div>
6776       <div class="date">
6777          1st April 2012
6778       </div>
6779       <div class="body">
6780         <p>Germany is a core area for the
6781 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
6782 user community, and this time I managed to get hold of Wolfgang
6783 Schweer, a valuable contributor to the project from Germany.
6784
6785 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
6786
6787 <p>I've studied Mathematics at the university 'Ruhr-Universität' in
6788 Bochum, Germany. Since 1981 I'm working as a teacher at the school
6789 "<a href="http://www.westfalenkolleg-dortmund.de/">Westfalen-Kolleg
6790 Dortmund</a>", a second chance school.  Here, young adults is given
6791 the opportunity to get further education in order to do the school
6792 examination 'Abitur', which will allow to study at a university. This
6793 second chance is of value for those who want a better job perspective
6794 or failed to get a higher school examination being teens.</p>
6795
6796 <p>Besides teaching I was involved in developing online courses for a
6797 blended learning project called 'abitur-online.nrw' and in some other
6798 information technology related projects. For about ten years I've been
6799 teacher and coordinator for the 'abitur-online' project at my
6800 school. Being now in my early sixties, I've decided to leave school at
6801 the end of April this year.</p>
6802
6803 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
6804 project?</strong></p>
6805
6806 <p>The first information about Skolelinux must have come to my
6807 attention years ago and somehow related to LTSP (Linux Terminal Server
6808 Project).  At school, we had set up a network at the beginning of 1997
6809 using Suse Linux on the desktop, replacing a Novell network. Since
6810 2002, we used old machines from the city council of Dortmund as thin
6811 clients (LTSP, later Ubuntu/Lessdisks) cause new hardware was out of
6812 reach. At home I'm using Debian since years and - subscribed to the
6813 Debian news letter - heard from time to time about Skolelinux. About
6814 two years ago I proposed to replace the (somehow undocumented and only
6815 known to me) system at school by a well known Debian based system:
6816 Skolelinux.</p>
6817
6818 <p>Students and teachers appreciated the new system because of a
6819 better look and feel and an enhanced access to local media on thin
6820 clients.  The possibility to alter and/or reset passwords using a GUI
6821 was welcomed, too. Being able to do administrative tasks using a GUI
6822 and to easily set up workstations using PXE was of very high value for
6823 the admin teachers.</p>
6824
6825 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6826 Edu?</strong></p>
6827
6828 <p>It's open source, easy to set up, stable and flexible due to it's
6829 Debian base. It integrates LTSP out-of-the-box. And it is documented!
6830 So it was a perfect choice.</p>
6831
6832 <p>Being open source, there are no license problems and so it's
6833 possible to point teachers and students to programs like
6834 OpenOffice.org, ViewYourMind (mind mapping) and The Gimp.  It's of
6835 high value to be able to adapt parts of the system to special needs of
6836 a school and to choose where to get support for this.</p>
6837
6838 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6839 Edu?</strong></p>
6840
6841 <p>Nothing yet.</p>
6842
6843 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
6844
6845 <p>At home (Debian Sid with Gnome Desktop): Iceweasel, LibreOffice,
6846 Mutt, Gedit, Document Viewer, Midnight Commander, flpsed (PDF
6847 Annotator).  At school (Skolelinux Lenny): Iceweasel, Gedit,
6848 LibreOffice.</p>
6849
6850 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
6851 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
6852
6853 <p>Some time ago I thought it was enough to tell people about it. But
6854 that doesn't seem to work quite well. Now I concentrate on those more
6855 interested and hope to get multiplicators that way.</p>
6856
6857       </div>
6858       <div class="tags">
6859
6860
6861         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
6862
6863
6864       </div>
6865     </div>
6866     <div class="padding"></div>
6867
6868     <div class="entry">
6869       <div class="title">
6870         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html">Linux-skoler har høyere PC-tetthet enn landsgjennomsnittet - pressemelding fra FRiSK</a>
6871       </div>
6872       <div class="date">
6873         30th March 2012
6874       </div>
6875       <div class="body">
6876         <p>I dag har <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no">FRiSK</a>
6877 sendt ut følgende pressemelding basert på mine beregninger av
6878 PC-tetthet på Linux-skoler:</p>
6879
6880 <p><strong>Linux-skoler har høyere PC-tetthet enn
6881 landsgjennomsnittet</strong></p>
6882
6883 <p>Oslo, 30 Mars 2012</p>
6884
6885 <p>Det er store forskjeller på skolenes digitale tilstand, viser
6886 undersøkelsen Monitor 2011 som er laget på oppdrag fra
6887 Kunnskapsdepartementet. Dette har ført til debatt om PC-tilgangen i
6888 skolen, og om de med Linux i skolen gjør det bedre bedre eller
6889 dårligere enn snittet i landet.</p>
6890
6891 <p>Nå har vi tallene. Skoler med Linux har 36% større PC-tetthet en
6892 landsgjennomsnittet. På spørsmål hvorfor skoler med Linux har større
6893 PC-tetthet, observerer Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken som er IKT-konsulent i
6894 Nord-Odal:</p>
6895
6896 <p><blockquote>"Vi erfarer at klienter med Skolelinux har god funksjon
6897 til de er 8 til 10 år gamle. Dette er omtrent dobbelt så lenge som
6898 andre løsninger, og skolene får mer datautstyr for
6899 pengene."</blockquote></p>
6900
6901 <p>Undersøkelsen baserer seg på 56 skoler som har gjort det offentlig
6902 at de kjører Skolelinux eller annen Linux-utgave. De kan også ha PC-er
6903 med Windows i skolenettet. Når en sammenligner PC-tetthetene på
6904 skolene i kommunene Flora, Harstad, Kongsvinger, Narvik, Nittedal,
6905 Nord-Odal og Randaberg, er det i snitt 2,28 elev pr. PC på skolene med
6906 Linux. På landsbasis er det 3.11 elev per PC i grunnskolen, i følge
6907 side 95 i Monitor-rapporten for 2011. Målingen viser dermed 36% større
6908 PC-tetthet i skoler med Linux.</p>
6909
6910 <p><strong>Om Skolelinux/Debian Edu</strong></p>
6911
6912 <p>Skolelinux har til hensikt å gi alle barn full tilgang til
6913 skoleaktuelle dataprogram på sitt eget morsmål. Derfor følger det med
6914 godt over 100 skoleaktuelle programmene laget for læring. De fleste
6915 programmene er oversatt til over 50 språk. Elevene skal også kunne
6916 studere alle sider av dataprogrammene. Derfor følger også kildekode
6917 med. Elever med interesse kan lære av eksperter som har laget
6918 systemet. Dette med enkelt programmering i læreprogram som KTurtle,
6919 til profesjonelle verktøy som Qt Creator eller Java.</p>
6920
6921 <p>Skolelinux er laget for sentralisert drift, der alt teknisk
6922 administrasjon av alle skolene kan gjøres sentralt fra kommunehuset
6923 eller sentralt i en region.  F.eks. drifter to-tre personer 70.000
6924 skoledatamaskiner på 200 skoler i delstaten Extremadura i
6925 Spania. Etter velykket bruk av Debian Edu i skolen, legger delstaten
6926 over til Debian på 40.000 datamaskiner i administrasjonen. Det er idag
6927 mange selskap som tilbyr profesjonell støtte til innføring og drift i
6928 Norge og verden.</p>
6929
6930 <p><strong>Om FRiSK</strong></p>
6931
6932 <p>Medlemsforeningen Fri Programvare i Skolen organiserer
6933 dugnadsprosjektet som står bak Skolelinux.</p>
6934
6935 <p><strong>Kontaktperson</strong></p>
6936
6937 <p>Knut Yrvin</p>
6938
6939 <p>Leder av Fri Programvare i Skolen (FRISK)</p>
6940
6941 <p>Epost: knuty at skolelinux.no
6942 <br>Mobil: +47 93 479 561</p>
6943
6944 <p><strong>Referanser</strong></p>
6945
6946 <p><ul>
6947
6948  <li><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">http://www.skolelinux.org/</a></li>
6949  <li><a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/</a></li>
6950  <li><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Download">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Download</a></li>
6951  <li><a href="https://www.wis.no/gsi">https://www.wis.no/gsi</a></li>
6952  <li><a href="http://iktsenteret.no/sites/iktsenteret.no/files/attachments/monitor2011.pdf">http://iktsenteret.no/sites/iktsenteret.no/files/attachments/monitor2011.pdf</a></li>
6953  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html</a></li>
6954  <li><a href="https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/linuxiskolen/2012-March/018500.html">https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/linuxiskolen/2012-March/018500.html</a></li>
6955
6956 </ul></p>
6957
6958       </div>
6959       <div class="tags">
6960
6961
6962         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6963
6964
6965       </div>
6966     </div>
6967     <div class="padding"></div>
6968
6969     <div class="entry">
6970       <div class="title">
6971         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Roy_Arne_Myhre.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Roy-Arne Myhre</a>
6972       </div>
6973       <div class="date">
6974         28th March 2012
6975       </div>
6976       <div class="body">
6977         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
6978 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi
6979 denne gangen høre fra en IKT-ansvarlig som har brukt Skolelinux i
6980 mange år, og vært storfornøyd med erfaringene så langt.</p>
6981
6982 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6983
6984 <p>Mitt navn er Roy-Arne Myhre og jeg er 42 år.  Jeg er ansatt hos
6985 <a href="http://www.sandskole.no/">Sand skole</a> (Balsfjord kommune)
6986 og har stort sett vært det siden 1990.  Jeg er IKT ansvarlig ved
6987 skolen i 40% stilling – 10% undervisning – musikk.</p>
6988
6989 <p>Ved skolen er det ca 100 elever og ca 18 lærere + 4 assistenter i
6990 hele og delte stillinger. Alle lærerne har bærbar PC (dessverre med
6991 Win Vista) – assistenter har tilgang til egne. Vi benytter Fronter i
6992 det daglige arbeidet.  Vi har ca 90 elevmaskiner som fungerer til
6993 daglig opp mot Linux server (XFCE) som driftes av
6994 <a href="http://www.bzz.no/">BzzWare AS</a> via nett. Maskinparken
6995 består kun av brukt utstyr for elevene – og noe av dette begynner å
6996 bli vel gammelt selv som halvtykke klienter.</p>
6997
6998 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med
6999 Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7000
7001 <p>Vi kom første gang i kontakt med Skolelinux rundt 1997. Den gang
7002 var det oppstart-disketter i hver maskin, ikke mulighet for lyd og
7003 video, gamle nettverkskort og mye plundring.  Vi hadde en ihuga
7004 forelder med som pådriver, forsker og inspirator for hele opplegget.
7005 Selv ante jeg knapt at Skolelinux fantes, men han var av den
7006 utforskende typen, og fikk både meg og skolelederen i trua på at dette
7007 var ting som kunne fungere.  Etter dette har det gått gradvis
7008 framover; flere maskiner er hentet inn gjennom bl.a
7009 <a href="http://www.greentech.no/">Greentech</a> og utrangert utstyr
7010 fra høgskole / Avinor og private givere. Når maskinene ble for trege
7011 for nye Windows-versjoner, sto vi klare til å putte dem i nettverket
7012 vårt.  Dette betyr at vi i dag har 1:1 dekning av maskiner på
7013 ungdomstrinnet og bedre enn 1:2 på barnetrinnet. Dette er vi veldig
7014 fornøyd med, og vi kan ikke se for oss hverdagen som ville vært
7015 alternativet ved bruk av Windows med sine lisenser pr. Bruker/maskin.
7016 Da ville vi nok vært tilbake til 1-2 maskiner pr klasserom med de
7017 negative konsekvenser det ville hatt for undervisningsformene våre. Vi
7018 kan ha en hel klasse i prosjektjobbing eller individuell jobbing
7019 samtidig – vi kan avholde tentamen og eksamen uten
7020 logistikkproblemer.</p>
7021
7022 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7023
7024 Hvor skal jeg begynne... Stabiliteten er et nøkkelord - det bare
7025 virker.  Har du først fått en server med Skolelinux opp og gå, så må
7026 det en maskinarefeil eller sabotasje til for å stoppe den.  Det at man
7027 kan bruke eldre maskiner som normalt sett ville gått på dynga, er også
7028 glimrende - billig for skoler med dårlig økonomi og bra for miljøet
7029 siden vi gjenbruker utstyr i stedet for å skaffe nytt. Vi ville aldri
7030 hatt mulighet til å operere med det maskinantallet vi har pr i dag
7031 hvis det ikke var for Skolelinux - så tilgjengelighet er et annet
7032 nøkkelord. Et tredje moment er sikkerhet og brukertilgang. Alle
7033 brukerer opererer med egne brukernavn og passord, samt egne
7034 brukerområder som kan tilpasses for både enbrukertilgang og for
7035 samarbeid med andre.
7036
7037 Elever har godt av å se at det finnes andre alternativer enn de som
7038 storindustrien selger på lisensbasis - på den måten trenes de opp til
7039 å se flere muligheter og å foreta valg ut fra flere opsjoner.
7040
7041 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7042
7043 <p>Ulempene med Skolelinux er nok utbredelsen og mangelen på kjennskap
7044 til dette i skolenorge.  De som skal ta økonomiske avgjørelser rynker
7045 på nesen og vil gå for det kjente og «sikre» selv om det koster mye
7046 mer. Man får rett og slett litt hetta av å ikke kunne noe – og unngår
7047 dette for enhver pris.</p>
7048
7049 <p>I tillegg er mye av linux-systemet administrert av tekstkommandoer
7050 og er lite intuitiv/visuell for oss som ikke er «inne i»
7051 kildekodene». Så problemet er nok mye godt at de som
7052 utarbeider/drifter Skolelinux ikke helt klarer å sette seg ned på
7053 skoleadministratorens nivå når det gjelder problemer og
7054 utfordringer. Men dette er nok en utfordring alle administratorer
7055 sliter med uansett OS.</p>
7056
7057 <p>Derfor har vi valgt å støtte oss til BzzWare AS for assistanse i
7058 drifta slik at jeg har kunnet konsentrere meg mer om kabling, skifting
7059 av komponenter, veiledning av lærere og elever, vedlikehold av
7060 skrivere og annen daglig drift.</p>
7061
7062 <p>Elevene mestrer Skolelinux helt fint.  Så lenge Internett
7063 (Iceweasel) og Libreoffice (Openoffice) fungerer er 90% av
7064 skolehverdagen velfungerende. I tillegg brukes jo en del av den
7065 pedagogiske programpakken bla. i forhold til matematikk og geografi,
7066 men det er såpass mye bra på nett om dagen, så disse programmene er
7067 mer som krydder å regne.</p>
7068
7069 <p>Jeg skulle ønske neste versjon av Skolelinux kunne komme litt
7070 mindre stappet med programmer, for halvparten blir aldri brukt, eller
7071 fungerer ikke uansett.  Hva med et pedagogisk panel av lærere/IKT
7072 ansvarlige som kunne sagt: disse programmene skal være standard, så
7073 får resten være slike man kan legge til ved behov – det kan lett bli
7074 en jungel å bevege seg i.</p>
7075
7076 <p>Jeg ønsker meg også en mer grafisk versjon av
7077 <a href="http://bzz.no/lwat/trac/trac.cgi">Lwat</a> hvor man kan krysse
7078 ut de som f.eks ikke skal ha internett-tilgang en dag pga
7079 eksamen/tentamen, samt en noe enklere brannmurløsning hvor man kan
7080 stenge for en del (få) sider på en enkel måte.  Jeg liker godt
7081 Skolelinux sin ideologi om at filteret skal trenes i hodet på eleven –
7082 men av og til skulle jeg ønske at f.eks Facebook og Youtube kunne vært
7083 koblet vekk en periode for å få bedre utnyttelse av tid og
7084 ressurser. Disse to nettstedene er nok mye av årsaken til at mange
7085 lærere holder igjen databruken noe mer enn man kunne ønske.</p>
7086
7087 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7088
7089 Jeg benytter nesten bare fri programvare til daglig. LibreOffice,
7090 Iceweasel (Firefox), Thunderbird til e-post og Gimp til
7091 bildebehandling.  Vi har PHP-Nuke-oppsatt hjemmeside. Det eneste som
7092 jeg ikke har fått helt til enda er videoredigering - her må man vel
7093 innrømme at Mac er hakket over, men da er vi igjen over på å se hva
7094 som egner seg best, og ta valg ut fra det. Folk flest lever i
7095 villfarelsen om at regneark HETER Excel og tekstbehandling HETER
7096 Word. Dette er en misforståelse som jeg bruker mye energi på å
7097 diskutere og "åpne sinn" på Microsoft-slaver.  Dessverre er det mange
7098 IKT-ansvarlige som også har låst seg på at det eneste saliggjørende er
7099 Bill G sine produkter.
7100
7101 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7102 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7103
7104 <p>For å komme lenger i utbredelsen av Skolelinux tror jeg det må mer
7105 fram i nasjonale medier, samt komme bedre fram hva økonomien i dette
7106 valget vil være – samt mulighetene. Fri programvare er en berikelse og
7107 gjør oss i stand til å utføre arbeidet i skolen uten å måtte legge
7108 igjen tusener på tusener i Bill Gates lomme.. Få ETT nettsted med
7109 forståelig veiledning av installasjon/oppgradering og ETT forum med
7110 konkrete feilrettinger og problemer, så tror jeg vi kunne kommet et
7111 par skritt framover. Ellers tror jeg bare at ildsjelene må fortsette å
7112 skinne – kanskje flere enn oss følger etter på veien.</p>
7113
7114       </div>
7115       <div class="tags">
7116
7117
7118         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7119
7120
7121       </div>
7122     </div>
7123     <div class="padding"></div>
7124
7125     <div class="entry">
7126       <div class="title">
7127         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_screencast__Checking_email_with_kmail_using_Kerberos_authentication.html">Debian Edu screencast: Checking email with kmail using Kerberos authentication</a>
7128       </div>
7129       <div class="date">
7130         25th March 2012
7131       </div>
7132       <div class="body">
7133         <!-- Video HTML based on http://www.diveintohtml5.net/video.html -->
7134
7135 <p>The same Debian Edu developer that did the last screen cast I
7136 published, Wolfgang Schweer, has created a new screen cast showing how
7137 to set up Kmail in Debian Edu Squeze to authenticate using Kerberos,
7138 allowing users to check their local email account without providing
7139 any password. The video is embedded here in quarter size,
7140 and also available from <a href="https://vimeo.com/38601767">vimeo</a>
7141 and download as a
7142 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv">Ogg
7143 Theora</a> file.  Check it out below.</p>
7144
7145 <p><video id="kmail-kerberos-movie" width="256" height="184" preload controls>
7146   <source src="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv" type='video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"' />
7147     <p>Download video as
7148       <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv">Ogg</a>.</p>
7149 </video></p>
7150
7151       </div>
7152       <div class="tags">
7153
7154
7155         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7156
7157
7158       </div>
7159     </div>
7160     <div class="padding"></div>
7161
7162     <div class="entry">
7163       <div class="title">
7164         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html">Større PC-tetthet i skolen med Skolelinux?</a>
7165       </div>
7166       <div class="date">
7167         19th March 2012
7168       </div>
7169       <div class="body">
7170         <p>Den siste uka har det vært en del skriverier om hvor store
7171 forskjeller det er mellom skolene når det gjelder digital kompetanse.
7172 Et eksempel er
7173 <a href="http://www.digi.no/891660/bekymret-for-it-i-skolen">oppslaget
7174 i Digi</a>.  Diskusjonen fikk meg til å bli litt nysgjerrig på om
7175 Linux-skoler har større PC-tettet enn snittet i landet.  Grunnlaget
7176 for diskusjonen har vært undersøkelsen
7177 <a href="https://iktsenteret.no/ressurser/monitor-2011-skolens-digitale-tilstand">Monitor
7178 2011</a>, som bruker informasjon fra
7179 <a href="https://www.wis.no/gsi">Grunnskolens Informasjonssystem</a>
7180 (GSI).  GSI-data kan lastes ned fra web og jeg lastet ned en Excel-fil
7181 (intet åpen standard-valg tilgjengelig) med navn på alle skoler,
7182 hvilke kommune de befinner seg i og hvor mange elever pr. elev-PC de
7183 har rapportert inn.  For å få en ide om svaret trenger jeg deretter å
7184 vite hvilke skoler i landet som bruker Linux, slik at jeg kan slå dem
7185 opp i GSI og finne ut hvor stor PC-tetthet de har.</p>
7186
7187 <p>Jeg vet om skoler i Balsfjord, Flora, Harstad, Kongsvinger, Narvik,
7188 Nittedal, Nord-Odal, Randaberg og Sunndal som bruker Skolelinux eller
7189 andre Linux-varianter.  Jeg tror det er flere enn de 56 skolene jeg
7190 har klart å identifisere de siste dagene, men har ikke klart å få det
7191 bekreftet med offentlige kilder.</p>
7192
7193 <p>Monitor 2011-rapporteres side 95 forteller at det "ifølge GSI
7194 (20120-2011) er det 3,11 elever per datamaskin når vi tar med alle
7195 grunnskoler (1.-10.trinn)".  For de 56 Linux-skolene jeg har klart å
7196 koble mot informasjon i GSI er det 2,28 elever per elevdatamaskin,
7197 hvilket betyr at det er 36% høyere PC-tetthet på Linux-skoler enn
7198 landsgjennomsnittet.  Linux-skolen med høyest tettet blant de jeg har
7199 notert -skole er Flora ungdomsskule i Flora kommune med 0.82 elev
7200 pr. PC (482 elever, 588 elevdatamaskiner).</p>
7201
7202 <p>Skolelinux gir datamaskiner lengre levetid, og en kan dermed få
7203 flere operative datamaskiner for samme budsjett, i tillegg til en
7204 rekke andre fordeler.  Kan det være forklaringen på forskjellen?</p>
7205
7206 <p>Tallene må tas med en liten klype, da GSI ser ut til å ha endel
7207 feilføringer.  Jeg synes i hvert fall en skole med 423 elever og 9
7208 elevmaskiner ser mistenkelig ut.  Eller en skole med 346 elever, 0
7209 elevmaskiner, som er et annet ekstremt eksempel jeg fant.</p>
7210
7211 <p>Takk til Sturle Sunde, Klaus Ade Johnstad, Ole-Anders Andreassen og
7212 Trond Mæhlum for innspill om skoler med Linux.</p>
7213
7214       </div>
7215       <div class="tags">
7216
7217
7218         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7219
7220
7221       </div>
7222     </div>
7223     <div class="padding"></div>
7224
7225     <div class="entry">
7226       <div class="title">
7227         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__John_Ingleby.html">Debian Edu interview: John Ingleby</a>
7228       </div>
7229       <div class="date">
7230         19th March 2012
7231       </div>
7232       <div class="body">
7233         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
7234 users are spread all across the globe.  The second inteview after
7235 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">the
7236 Squeeze release</a> was publised is with John Ingleby, a teacher and
7237 long time Linux user in United Kingdom.</p>
7238
7239 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
7240
7241 <p>I teach ICT part time at the Rudolf Steiner School in Kings
7242 Langley, near London, UK. Previously I worked as a technical
7243 author/trainer while my children attended the school, and I also
7244 contributed to the Schoolforge UK community with the aim of
7245 encouraging UK schools to adopt free/open source software. Five or six
7246 years ago we had about 50 schools interested in some way, but we
7247 weren't able to convert many of them into sustainable
7248 installations.</p>
7249
7250 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
7251 project?</strong></p>
7252
7253 <p>Skolelinux had two representatives at an early Edubuntu meeting in
7254 London which I attended. However at that time our school network had
7255 just been installed using CentOS, LTSP 4 and GNOME. When LTSP 5 came
7256 along we switched to Edubuntu thin client servers so now we have a
7257 mixed environment which includes Windows PCs and student laptops, as
7258 well as their MacBooks and iPads. However, the proprietary systems
7259 have always been rather problematic, and we never built a GUI for the
7260 LDAP server, so when I discovered Skolelinux is configured for all
7261 these things we decided to try it.</p>
7262
7263 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
7264 Edu?</strong></p>
7265
7266 <p>By far the biggest advantage is the Debian Edu community. Apart
7267 from that I have always believed in the same "sustainable computing"
7268 goals that Skolelinux is built on: installing Linux on computers which
7269 would otherwise be thrown away, to provide a reliable, secure and
7270 low-cost IT environment for schools. From my own experience I know
7271 that a part-time person can teach and manage a network of about 25
7272 Linux computers, but it would take much more of my time if we had
7273 proprietary software everywhere.</p>
7274
7275 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
7276 Edu?</strong></p>
7277
7278 <p>As a newcomer I'm just finding out who's who in the community and
7279 how you're organised, and what your procedures are for dealing with
7280 various things such as editing manual pages and so-on. The only
7281 English language mailing list seems to be for developers as well as
7282 users, so my inbox needs heavy pruning each day!</p>
7283
7284 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
7285
7286 <p>Besides the software already mentioned at school we use Samba,
7287 OpenLDAP, CUPS, Nagios and Dansguardian for the network, and on the
7288 desktops we have LibreOffice, Firefox, GIMP and Inkscape. At home I
7289 use Ubuntu and an Android 4 eePad Transformer (but I'm not sure if
7290 that counts...)</p>
7291
7292 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
7293 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
7294
7295 <p>That's a tough question! For very many years UK schools installed
7296 and taught only proprietary software, so that at the highest levels
7297 the notion of "computer" means simply "proprietary office
7298 applications".  However, schools today are experiencing budget
7299 constraints, and many are having to think hard about upgrading Windows
7300 XP.  At the same time, we have students showing teachers how to use
7301 iPads, MacBooks and Android, so the choice of operating system is no
7302 longer quite so automatic. What is more, our government at last
7303 realised that we need people with programming skills, so they're
7304 putting coding back in the curriculum! And it's encouraging that the
7305 first 10,000 Raspberry Pi units sold out in 2 hours.</p>
7306
7307 <p>I don't really know what strategy is going to get UK schools to use
7308 free software, but building an active community of Skolelinux/Debian
7309 Edu users in this country has to be part of it.</p>
7310
7311       </div>
7312       <div class="tags">
7313
7314
7315         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
7316
7317
7318       </div>
7319     </div>
7320     <div class="padding"></div>
7321
7322     <div class="entry">
7323       <div class="title">
7324         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Writing_and_translating_documentation_in_Debian_Edu.html">Writing and translating documentation in Debian Edu</a>
7325       </div>
7326       <div class="date">
7327         16th March 2012
7328       </div>
7329       <div class="body">
7330         <p>Documentation in Debian Edu is provided in several languages, and
7331 it is important to make it both easy to contribute and to keep the
7332 translated versions in sync.  To do this we have come up with what we
7333 believe is a very efficient work flow.</p>
7334
7335 <ol>
7336
7337 <li>The documentation is written in a
7338 <a href="http://moinmo.in">moinmoin wiki</a> (see for example
7339 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">the
7340 Squeeze release manual</a>) with support for exporting the content as
7341 docbook XML.</li>
7342
7343 <li>This docbook document is given to po4a to extract a gettext style
7344 .pot file with the content, which in turn is used to create .po files
7345 with the translated text.</li>
7346
7347 <li>The .po files are given to translators, and they can always tell
7348 which part of the original wiki document is new or changed.  They can
7349 use their normal translation tools like lokalize or poedit to write
7350 the translation.  There is even a system in place to handle translated
7351 images.</li>
7352
7353 <li>The translated .po files are combined with the original docbook
7354 XML document using po4a to create a translated docbook document.</li>
7355
7356 <li>The final step is to use all the generated docbook files and
7357 create PDF and HTML version of the original and translated documents.</li>
7358
7359 </ol>
7360
7361 <p>This setup work very well, but have a few issues.  The biggest
7362 issue is that <a href="http://moinmo.in/DocBook">the docbook support
7363 we use in moinmoin</a> is not actively maintained.  The docbook
7364 support is also buggy, and our build system contain workarounds to
7365 make sure the generated docbook is usable despite these bugs.</p>
7366
7367 <p>If you want to have a look at our setup, it is all there in the
7368 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/debian-edu-doc">debian-edu-doc
7369 package</a>.</p>
7370
7371       </div>
7372       <div class="tags">
7373
7374
7375         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7376
7377
7378       </div>
7379     </div>
7380     <div class="padding"></div>
7381
7382     <div class="entry">
7383       <div class="title">
7384         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/NUUG_presentasjon__Skolelinux___ferdig_oppsatt_skolenettl_sning.html">NUUG-presentasjon: Skolelinux - ferdig oppsatt skolenettløsning</a>
7385       </div>
7386       <div class="date">
7387         13th March 2012
7388       </div>
7389       <div class="body">
7390         <p>I dag presenterte jeg ny versjon av Skolelinux for NUUGs medlemmer.
7391 <a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/mypapers/20120313-skolelinux-squeeze.html">Lysark</a>
7392 er tilgjengelige allerede og
7393 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20120313-skolelinux/">video-opptak</a>
7394 kommer så snart videogruppa til NUUG får publisert den.  Jeg kom på
7395 endel punkter om nye ting i Squeeze-utgaven under veis som jeg burde
7396 hatt med, og har sikkert skrevet noe tull på lysarkene som jeg ennå
7397 ikke har oppdaget.  Denne presentasjonen ble smurt ihop på veldig kort
7398 tid, og jeg rakk ikke finpusse den.  Håper den kan være lærerik
7399 likevel.</p>
7400
7401       </div>
7402       <div class="tags">
7403
7404
7405         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
7406
7407
7408       </div>
7409     </div>
7410     <div class="padding"></div>
7411
7412     <div class="entry">
7413       <div class="title">
7414         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__K_re_Nordby.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Kåre Nordby</a>
7415       </div>
7416       <div class="date">
7417         12th March 2012
7418       </div>
7419       <div class="body">
7420         <p>Første ut i serien med intervjuer av folk i
7421 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet etter at
7422 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">ny
7423 versjon av Skolelinux</a> ble lansert i helga, er nylig valgte
7424 styremedlem i foreningen
7425 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
7426 Skolen</a> (FRiSK) som organiserer
7427 Skolelinux-utviklingen og daglig leder i
7428 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a>, selskapet
7429 prosjektet opprettet som et tilbud til skoler som ønsket en
7430 kommersiell samarbeidsparter.  Det bør nevnes at jeg er styremedlem i
7431 Skolelinux Drift AS og styreleder i selskapets hovedeier stiftelsen
7432 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/">SLX Debian Labs</a>
7433 som beskytter verdiene til Skolelinux-prosjektet, og kjenner Kåre den
7434 veien.</p>
7435
7436 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7437
7438 <p>Jeg har siden januar 2010 vært daglig leder i Skolelinux Drift AS,
7439 som leverer support, installasjon, tilpasning, drift, og opplæring på
7440 Debian Edu / Skolelinux. Fra 2012 er jeg valgt inn som styremedlem i
7441 FRiSK.  Min forrige jobb var som KAM i Redpill Linpro (som er en av
7442 eierne i Skolelinux Drift).  Før det var jeg daglig leder i et eget 7
7443 manns konsulent selskap som også startet med fri programvare mot
7444 slutten.</p>
7445
7446 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7447
7448 <p>Jeg hørte om det først når jeg jobbet i Redpill Linpro.  Men jeg
7449 har også en datter som går på en friskole, som også bruker Skolelinux.
7450 Som kjent har ikke friskoler de samme økonomiske rammebetingelsene som
7451 offentlige skoler, så for dem var det det absolutt beste alternativet.
7452 De anser også Skolelinux som et stabilt system, som bare går og går (i
7453 motsetning til det lille Windows-baserte nettverket de har på
7454 admin-siden).</p>
7455
7456 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7457
7458 <p>Sentralisert drift av tynne og diskløse arbeidsstasjoner. Således
7459 lydløse og raskere arbeidsstasjoner som er bedre i klasserommet.
7460 Lengre levetid på PC'er.  Store besparelser på maskinvare og drift. Og
7461 så klart fjerning av alle lisenskostnader. Personlig synes jeg også at
7462 mange av programmene er bedre enn alternativene. Men dette er ofte en
7463 smakssak og avhengig om man må ha det man er vant til fra før.</p>
7464
7465 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7466
7467 <p>For lite kjentskap til løsningen.  Noen ganger for dårlig
7468 kompatibilitet med arbeidsstasjoners/bærbare maskiner sine
7469 nettverksdrivere eller skjermkort. Men dette løser vi i skolene ved
7470 standardisering. Ellers er det få, om nesten ingen, av de kjente
7471 maskinvare / infrastruktur leverandørene til fylkes- / kommuner som
7472 tilbyr denne plattformen.  Skal dette endre seg så må kommunene selv
7473 sette slike krav til leverandørene.</p>
7474
7475 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7476
7477 <p>Har brukt OpenOffice.org siden starten (2001 ?), Kun Linux på
7478 desktop siden 2005. Bruker i dag Kubuntu, Libreoffice og ymse annet
7479 programvare til ulik kontorbruk som er lett å installere / teste via
7480 alle programarkivene som finnes.</p>
7481
7482 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7483 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7484
7485 <p>Fortsette å presentere flere av de gode eksemplene hvor Debian Edu
7486 / Skolelinux brukes i kommuner og enkeltskoler.  Vi må få bedre frem
7487 at det er mulig tilknytte både Windows og Mac klienter på denne
7488 plattformen (selv om det vil øke driftskostnadene).  Dette gjøres
7489 mange steder.  Spesielt er det mange lærere som ønsker å bruke
7490 Windows/Mac-bærbare, gjerne som sin private PC også. Det er også mulig
7491 for kommunen å integrere med Active Directory i stedet for OpenLDAP
7492 som kommer med ut av boksen (selv om også dette øker kostnadene).
7493 Dette vil muligens bidra til å fjerne noe motstand hos noen
7494 potensielle brukere / driftpersonell for å ta i bruk noe
7495 nytt. Fremveksten av mobile brukere og nettbrett går i vår favør.
7496 Brukerne blir kjent og vant til flere nye operativsystemer /
7497 brukergrensesnitt. Så utviklerfellesskapet bør jobbe videre med å
7498 integrere flere nye klienttyper, som ultra lav-kostklienter og
7499 nettbrett (blant annet fri programvare-alternativet
7500 <a href="http://makeplaylive.com/">Spark</a> med
7501 <a href="http://www.merproject.org/">Mer OS</a> og
7502 <a href="http://plasma-active.org/">KDE Active Plasma</a>).</p>
7503
7504       </div>
7505       <div class="tags">
7506
7507
7508         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7509
7510
7511       </div>
7512     </div>
7513     <div class="padding"></div>
7514
7515     <div class="entry">
7516       <div class="title">
7517         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_Squeeze_is_out_.html">Skolelinux / Debian Edu Squeeze is out!</a>
7518       </div>
7519       <div class="date">
7520         11th March 2012
7521       </div>
7522       <div class="body">
7523         <p>This weekend we finally published the first stable release of
7524 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a> based
7525 on Debian/Squeeze.  The full announcement is
7526 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">available</a>
7527 from the project announcement list.  Now is a good time to test if it
7528 you have not done so already.</p>
7529
7530 <p>I plan to present the new version at
7531 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20120313-skolelinux/">a NUUG
7532 meeting</a> on tuesday.  I look forward to seeing you there if you are
7533 in Oslo, Norway.</p>
7534
7535       </div>
7536       <div class="tags">
7537
7538
7539         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7540
7541
7542       </div>
7543     </div>
7544     <div class="padding"></div>
7545
7546     <div class="entry">
7547       <div class="title">
7548         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Nigel_Barker.html">Debian Edu interview: Nigel Barker</a>
7549       </div>
7550       <div class="date">
7551          9th March 2012
7552       </div>
7553       <div class="body">
7554         <p>Inspired by <a href="http://raphaelhertzog.com/tag/interview/">the
7555 interview series</a> conducted by Raphael, I started a Norwegian
7556 interview series with people involved in the Debian Edu / Skolelinux
7557 community.  This was so popular that I believe it is time to move to a
7558 more international audience.</p>
7559
7560 <p>While <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
7561 Skolelinux</a> originated in France and Norway, and have most users in
7562 Europe, there are users all around the globe.  One of those far away
7563 from me is Nigel Barker, a long time Debian Edu system administrator
7564 and contributor.  It is thanks to him that Debian Edu is adjusted to
7565 work out of the box in Japan.  I got him to answer a few questions,
7566 and am happy to share the response with you. :)
7567
7568
7569 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
7570
7571 <p>My name is Nigel Barker, and I am British. I am married to Yumiko,
7572 and we have three lovely children, aged 15, 14 and 4(!) I am the IT
7573 Coordinator at Hiroshima International School, Japan. I am also a
7574 teacher, and in fact I spend most of my day teaching Mathematics,
7575 Science, IT, and Chemistry. I was originally a Chemistry teacher, but
7576 I have always had an interest in computers. Another teacher teaches
7577 primary school IT, but apart from that I am the only computer person,
7578 so that means I am the network manager, technician and webmaster,
7579 also, and I help people with their computer problems. I teach python
7580 to beginners in an after-school club. I am way too busy, so I really
7581 appreciate the simplicity of Skolelinux.</p>
7582
7583 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
7584 project?</strong></p>
7585
7586 <p>In around 2004 or 5 I discovered the ltsp project, and set up a
7587 server in the IT lab. I wanted some way to connect it to our central
7588 samba server, which I was also quite poor at configuring. I discovered
7589 Edubuntu when it came out, but it didn't really improve my setup. I
7590 did various desperate searches for things like "school Linux server"
7591 and ended up in a document called "Drift" something or other. Reading
7592 there it became clear that Skolelinux was going to solve all my
7593 problems in one go. I was very excited, but apprehensive, because my
7594 previous attempts to install Debian had ended in failure (I used
7595 Mandrake for everything - ltsp, samba, apache, mail, ns...). I
7596 downloaded a beta version, had some problems, so subscribed to the
7597 Debian Edu list for help. I have remained subscribed ever since, and
7598 my school has run a Skolelinux network since Sarge.</p>
7599
7600 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
7601 Edu?</strong></p>
7602
7603 <p>For me the integrated setup. This is not just the server, or the
7604 workstation, or the ltsp. Its all of them, and its all configured
7605 ready to go. I read somewhere in the early documentation that it is
7606 designed to be setup and managed by the Maths or Science teacher, who
7607 doesn't necessarily know much about computers, in a small Norwegian
7608 school. That describes me perfectly if you replace Norway with
7609 Japan.</p>
7610
7611 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
7612 Edu?</strong></p>
7613
7614 <p>The desktop is fairly plain. If you compare it with Edubuntu, who
7615 have fun themes for children, or with distributions such as Mint, who
7616 make the desktop beautiful. They create a good impression on people
7617 who don't need to understand how to use any of it, but who might be
7618 important to the school. School administrators or directors, for
7619 instance, or parents. Even kids. Debian itself usually has ugly
7620 default theme settings. It was my dream a few years back that some
7621 kind of integration would allow Edubuntu to do the desktop stuff and
7622 Debian Edu the servers, but now I realise how impossible that is.  A
7623 second disadvantage is that if something goes wrong, or you need to
7624 customise something, then suddenly the level of expertise required
7625 multiplies. For example, backup wasn't working properly in Lenny. It
7626 took me ages to learn how to set up my own server to do rsync backups.
7627 I am afraid of anything to do with ldap, but perhaps Gosa will
7628 help.</p>
7629
7630 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
7631
7632 <p>Nowadays I only use Debian on my personal computers. I have one for
7633 studio work (I play guitar and write songs), running AV Linux
7634 (customised Debian) a netbook running Squeeze, and a bigger laptop
7635 still running Skolelinux Lenny workstation. I have a Tjener in my
7636 house, that's very useful for the family photos and music.  At school
7637 the students only use Skolelinux. (Some teachers and the office still
7638 have windows). So that means we only use free software all day every
7639 day. Open office, The GIMP, Firefox/Iceweasel, VLC and Audacity are
7640 installed on every computer in school, irrespective of OS.  We also
7641 have Koha on Debian for the library, and Apache, Moodle, b2evolution
7642 and Etomite on Debian for the www. The firewall is Untangle.</p>
7643
7644 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
7645 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
7646
7647 <p>Current trends are in our favour. Open source is big in industry,
7648 and ordinary people have heard of it. The spread of Android and the
7649 popularity of Apple have helped to weaken the impression that you have
7650 to have Microsoft on everything. People complain to me much less about
7651 file formats and Word than they did 5 years ago.  The Edu aspect is
7652 also a selling point. This is all customised for schools. Where is the
7653 Windows-edu, or the Mac-edu?  But of course the main attraction is
7654 budget.The trick is to convince people that the quality is not
7655 compromised when you stop paying and use free software instead. That
7656 is one reason why I say the desktop experience is a weakness. People
7657 are not impressed when their USB drive doesn't work, or their browser
7658 doesn't play flash, for example.</p>
7659
7660       </div>
7661       <div class="tags">
7662
7663
7664         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
7665
7666
7667       </div>
7668     </div>
7669     <div class="padding"></div>
7670
7671     <div class="entry">
7672       <div class="title">
7673         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_screencast__Mass_creation_of_user_accounts_in_Squeeze.html">Debian Edu screencast: Mass creation of user accounts in Squeeze</a>
7674       </div>
7675       <div class="date">
7676          7th March 2012
7677       </div>
7678       <div class="body">
7679         <!-- Video HTML based on http://www.diveintohtml5.net/video.html -->
7680
7681 <p>One of the Debian Edu developers, Wolfgang Schweer, just created a
7682 screen cast documenting how to create a lot of new users in LDAP on
7683 Debian Edu Squeeze.  The video is embedded here in quarter size, and
7684 also available from <a href="http://vimeo.com/37675399">vimeo</a> and
7685 download as a
7686 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv">Ogg
7687 Theora</a> file.  Check it out below.</p>
7688
7689 <p><video id="gosa-mass-user-create-movie" width="256" height="184" preload controls>
7690   <source src="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv" type='video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"' />
7691     <p>Download video as
7692       <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv">Ogg</a>.</p>
7693 </video></p>
7694
7695       </div>
7696       <div class="tags">
7697
7698
7699         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7700
7701
7702       </div>
7703     </div>
7704     <div class="padding"></div>
7705
7706     <div class="entry">
7707       <div class="title">
7708         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Third release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
7709       </div>
7710       <div class="date">
7711          4th March 2012
7712       </div>
7713       <div class="body">
7714         <p>This weekend we wrapped up and published the third release
7715 candidate for <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
7716 Skolelinux</a> based on Squeeze.  The full announcement is
7717 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00000.html">available</a>
7718 from the project announcement list.  Check it out if you
7719 need a software solution for your school.</p>
7720
7721       </div>
7722       <div class="tags">
7723
7724
7725         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7726
7727
7728       </div>
7729     </div>
7730     <div class="padding"></div>
7731
7732     <div class="entry">
7733       <div class="title">
7734         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Stopmotion_for_making_stop_motion_animations_on_Linux___reloaded.html">Stopmotion for making stop motion animations on Linux - reloaded</a>
7735       </div>
7736       <div class="date">
7737          3rd March 2012
7738       </div>
7739       <div class="body">
7740         <p>Many years ago, the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux
7741 / Debian Edu project</a> initiated a student project to create a tool
7742 for making stop motion movies.  The proposal came from a teacher
7743 needing such tool on Skolelinux.  The project, called "stopmotion",
7744 was manned by two extraordinary students and won a school award and a
7745 national aware with this great project.  The project was initiated and
7746 mentored by Herman Robak, and manned by the students Bjørn Erik Nilsen
7747 and Fredrik Berg Kjølstad.  They got in touch with people at Aardman
7748 Animation studio and received feedback on how professionals would like
7749 such stopmotion tool to work, and the end result was and is used by
7750 animators around the globe.  But as is usual after studying, both got
7751 jobs and went elsewhere, and did not have time to properly tend to the
7752 project, and it has been lingering for a few years now.  Until last
7753 year...</p>
7754
7755 <p>Last year some of the users got together with Herman, and moved the
7756 project to Sourceforge and in effect restarted the project under a new
7757 name,
7758 <a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/linuxstopmotion/">linuxstopmotion</a>.
7759 The name change was done to make it possible to find the project using
7760 Internet search engines (try to search for 'stopmotion' to see what I
7761 mean). I've been following
7762 <a href="https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/linuxstopmotion-community">the
7763 mailing list</a> and the improvement already in place and planned for
7764 the future is encouraging.  If you want to make stop motion movies.
7765 Check it out. :)</p>
7766
7767       </div>
7768       <div class="tags">
7769
7770
7771         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
7772
7773
7774       </div>
7775     </div>
7776     <div class="padding"></div>
7777
7778     <div class="entry">
7779       <div class="title">
7780         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Frode_Danielsen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Frode Danielsen</a>
7781       </div>
7782       <div class="date">
7783         27th February 2012
7784       </div>
7785       <div class="body">
7786         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
7787 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet møter vi
7788 denne gangen Frode Danielsen, som er leder for en IT-virksomhet som
7789 passer på IT-løsningen til flere kommuner i Hedmark-området, der noen
7790 av dem bruker Skolelinux i dag.</p>
7791
7792 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7793
7794 <p>Daglig leder i <a href="http://www.hedmarken-ikt.no/">Hedmark
7795 IKT</a>. En interkommunal IKT-virksomhet for Stange, Nord-Odal,
7796 Kongsvinger, Grue, Løten og Hamar kommuner. Vi er 32 ansatte</p>
7797
7798 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7799
7800 <p>Vi har vært i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet i flere
7801 sammenhenger, blant annet gjennom et par piloter som ikke har ført til
7802 noe konkret resultat.  Nå sist gjennom satsingen på skolelinux i Grue,
7803 Kongsvinger og Nord-Odal.</p>
7804
7805 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong>
7806 <br><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7807
7808 <p>Jeg tror alle løsninger har fordeler og ulemper, litt avhengig av
7809 hvilket ståsted du selv har, så jeg unnlater å svare på dette.</p>
7810
7811 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7812
7813 <p>Ingen for min egen del, men vi har noe fri programvare i våre
7814 løsninger.</p>
7815
7816 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7817 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7818
7819 <p>Jeg tror ikke man skal ha en slik strategi.  Man bør ha en strategi
7820 basert på å løse fremtidige behov, og velge løsninger som støtter opp
7821 under dette.</p>
7822
7823       </div>
7824       <div class="tags">
7825
7826
7827         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7828
7829
7830       </div>
7831     </div>
7832     <div class="padding"></div>
7833
7834     <div class="entry">
7835       <div class="title">
7836         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Second release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
7837       </div>
7838       <div class="date">
7839         27th February 2012
7840       </div>
7841       <div class="body">
7842         <p>This weekend we wrapped up and published the second release
7843 candidate for <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
7844 Skolelinux</a> based on Squeeze.  The full announcement did for some
7845 reason not make it the project announcement list, but is
7846 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-devel-announce/2012/02/msg00015.html">available</a>
7847 from the Debian development announcement list.  Check it out if you
7848 need a software solution for your school.</p>
7849
7850       </div>
7851       <div class="tags">
7852
7853
7854         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7855
7856
7857       </div>
7858     </div>
7859     <div class="padding"></div>
7860
7861     <div class="entry">
7862       <div class="title">
7863         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Knut_Yrvin.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Knut Yrvin</a>
7864       </div>
7865       <div class="date">
7866         21st February 2012
7867       </div>
7868       <div class="body">
7869         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
7870 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi nå
7871 høre fra nyvalgt leder i foreningen
7872 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
7873 Skolen</a> og en av stifterne av Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
7874
7875 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7876
7877 <p>Knut Yrvin her. Jobber i Nokia med å fremme rammeverket Qt og QML
7878 med tilhørende utviklerverktøy. Rollen er som leder av
7879 friprog-samfunn. I fjor var jeg med å legge om utviklingen av Qt til
7880 åpen forvaltning.  På den måten kan alle som bidrar til Qt gjøre det
7881 på like vilkår.  Nå er det
7882 <a href="http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2011/12/22/qt-5-%E2%80%93-a-look-back-at-the-numbers/">over
7883 1000 utviklere</a> som bidrar til Qt. Med overgangen til åpen
7884 forvaltning er utviklingen av Qt mer åpen enn Linux-kjernen.</p>
7885
7886 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7887
7888 <p>Jeg var en av initiativtagerne til Skolelinux i 2001. Skolene slet
7889 med både utstyr og Internett-tilgang. De klarte ikke å møte
7890 forventningene til data i skolen. Driften av PC-ene var uholdbar. Som
7891 regel hadde rektor pekt ut en ivrig lærer til å passe på PC-ene,
7892 gjerne naturfaglæreren. Mange lærere jobbet mye ubetalt overtid for å
7893 vedlikeholde 30-40 datamaskiner på hver sin skole. Med 300 elever og
7894 lærere som brukere, blir det fort mye mer arbeid enn de 4-8 timene de
7895 kunne bruke på PC-drift. Skolene hadde kun en femtedel av
7896 IT-budsjettet som ble brukt på PC-ene i rådhuset.</p>
7897
7898 <p>Vi erfarte at skolene hadde mye datautstyr som stod ubrukt. Skolene
7899 manglet penger til Microsoft-lisenser. Selv med solide skolerabatter,
7900 kostet Microsoft-lisensene gjerne like mye som PC-ene i seg selv over
7901 en periode på 5-6 år.</p>
7902
7903 <p>Viktigheten av språklig mangfold og pedagogiske programmer var også
7904 viktig for oss. Vi oversatte mange skoleaktuelle programmer til
7905 nynorsk, nordsamisk og bokmål. Dette lenge før andre tok denne
7906 oppgaven seriøst.  Allerede etter ett år hadde vi etablert et helt
7907 arsenal av skoleaktuelle programmer på nynorsk, bokmål og
7908 nordsamisk. Vi spredde vår ide om språklig mangfold til de andre frie
7909 prosjekter internasjonalt. Resultatene ser vi i mange land. Det er de
7910 frie programmene som kommer på brukernes morsmål. Det er en av flere
7911 gode grunner til at fri programvare som LibreOffice, VLC, KDE og
7912 Firefox konkurrerer ut godseid programvare mange steder i verden.</p>
7913
7914 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7915
7916 <p>Fordelene er at Skolelinux tilbyr over 100 skoleaktuelle programmer
7917 på de norske språkene, uten ett øre i lisenskostnader. Systemet gir
7918 enormt lave driftskostnader med diskløse arbeidsstasjoner og bærbare
7919 med roaming.  Skolelinux krever også mindre av maskinvaren.</p>
7920
7921 <p>Man kan fint kjøre systemet med 512 MB RAM på en bærbar PC sammen
7922 med en nettvideo i nettleseren og en presentasjon med
7923 LibreOffice. Konkurrerende system krever fort 2 GB RAM for å få til
7924 noe tilsvarende uten at det går ufattelig tregt. Skal man gjøre noe
7925 nyttig, krever konkurrentene til Linux mye større harddisk. Skoler har
7926 rapportert at de fort har fått 50% flere nye maskiner om de velger
7927 Linux. Dette i tillegg til de årlige besparelsene ved å unngå
7928 lisensbetaling til godseid programvare.</p>
7929
7930 <p>De lave driftskostnadene gjør at delstater i Europa har titusener
7931 av datamaskiner med Skolelinux i skolen. F.eks. er det under ti
7932 personer som drifter 70.000 PC-systemer i skolene i Extremadura i
7933 Spania. Det er slett ikke uvanlig at norske kommuner har 1500-2000
7934 datamaskiner med Skolelinux.  Driften tar ett årsverk. Slår flere
7935 kommuner seg sammen, kan de få samme sentraliserte stordriftsfordeler
7936 som delstater i Tyskland og Spania.  Delstater som kjører Skolelinux
7937 på alle skolene. Bare noen få personer sentraldrifter titusenvis av
7938 PC-er.</p>
7939
7940 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7941
7942 <p>Den største ulempen for Skolelinux er motstand mot Linux fra
7943 IT-sjefer i det offentlige. Dette er ledere som holder innlegg som
7944 snytt ut av evangelist-håndboka til Microsoft. Dette gjøres i ett
7945 arbeidsmarked med stor vekst i etterspørselen etter Linux-fagfolk i
7946 privat sektor.  Etterspørselen har økt mer enn noe annet tekniske yrke
7947 siste tiåret.  Åtte av ti ledere vil ansette Linux-fagfolk i 2012,
7948 rapporterer jobbnettstedet Dice.com på oppdrag av Linux
7949 Foundation.</p>
7950
7951 <p>Det mangler 16.000 ingeniører og IKT-fagfolk i Norge rapporterte
7952 arbeids- og velferdsetaten NAV. Linux-fagfolk kan velge svært
7953 interessante jobber med alt fra apps på ledende mobilsystem laget med
7954 Linux, sky- tjenester eller web-applikasjoner. De raskest voksende
7955 teknologiselskapene i verden er ute etter Linux-fagfolk. Det være seg
7956 Amazon, Google, Facebook og IBM for å nevne noen. Linux er kritisk
7957 for å sikre veksten i markedet. Det sier seg selv at lønningene og
7958 jobbmulighetene er bedre enn for andre tekniske yrker.</p>
7959
7960 <p>Skal man lage apps for mobilen, smart-TV-en eller
7961 underholdningssystemet i bilen eller på flyet, er det Linux som
7962 gjelder. Med en slik konkurranse om Linux-kompetansen, kombinert med
7963 motstanden mot Linux hos mange IT-sjefer i offentlig sektor, så
7964 hindrer kommunene rekruttering av flere Linux- fagfolk. Skolene blir
7965 tvunget til å velge dyrere og mindre komplette IT-system. De har
7966 blitt hengende igjen slik IT var på begynnelsen av 2000- tallet. Dette
7967 fordi IT-ledere ikke har tilpasset seg markedet det siste tiåret.</p>
7968
7969 <p>Når det er sagt, er Skolelinux svært enkelt å lære seg også for de
7970 som ikke kan. Det viser alle lærerne som drifter systemet for
7971 hundrevis og tusenvis av systemer. Det meste er på plass rett ut av
7972 boksen. I tillegg er det solid med dokumentasjon med god hjelp på
7973 nettet. Det er mange kommuner som har ansatt en lærer som først lærte
7974 Skolelinux på sin skole, for så å drifte alle PC-ene i kommunen med
7975 Skolelinux. Det kan fort være snakk om 1000-3000 datamaskiner på 10-15
7976 skoler som sentraldriftes med en stilling.  Står man ordentlig fast,
7977 kan man også kjøpe profesjonell hjelp fra selskap som støtter
7978 Skolelinux. Det er flere slike selskap i Norge og i utlandet.</p>
7979
7980 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7981
7982 <p>Qt SDK, LibreOffice, Firefox, VLC og KDE-skrivebordet. Dette på et
7983 Debian-basert GNU/Linux-system. Jeg bruker også noen morsomme
7984 3D-spill. Idag kan jeg velge mellom over 30.000 Linux-programmer. Det
7985 finnes ikke tid i livet å undersøke alle valgmulighetene. Derfor er
7986 det bra med Skolelinux i skolen, da utvalget av programmer er
7987 begrenset til hva som er aktuelt i skolefagene.</p>
7988
7989 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7990 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7991
7992 <p>Vi må selge hele Skolelinux forhåndsinstallert på maskinvare i hele
7993 pakker med 50-100-1000 PC-klienter med servere. Dette kan selges til
7994 enkeltskoler eller hele kommuner. Pakken må inneholde tjenermaskiner,
7995 svært rimelige diskløse arbeidsstasjoner, nettbrett med Plasma Active,
7996 og bærbare med roaming. Alt er godt testet med Debian. I et slikt
7997 anbud er det mulig å legge til sentraliserte drifts- og
7998 støttetjenester.</p>
7999
8000 <p>Man bør også selge sky-tjenester som læreadministrative systemet
8001 Moodle og driftsovervåking. I tillegg så bør man slenge seg på med
8002 presentasjoner de gangene LibreOffice og andre friprog-produkter
8003 selges til kommuner.</p>
8004
8005       </div>
8006       <div class="tags">
8007
8008
8009         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8010
8011
8012       </div>
8013     </div>
8014     <div class="padding"></div>
8015
8016     <div class="entry">
8017       <div class="title">
8018         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">First release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
8019       </div>
8020       <div class="date">
8021         19th February 2012
8022       </div>
8023       <div class="body">
8024         <p>One week delayed due to DVD build problems, we managed today to
8025 wrap up and publish the first release candidate for
8026 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
8027 on Squeeze.  The full announcement is
8028 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/02/msg00001.html">available</a>
8029 on the project announcement list.  Check it out if you need a software
8030 solution for your school.</p>
8031
8032       </div>
8033       <div class="tags">
8034
8035
8036         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8037
8038
8039       </div>
8040     </div>
8041     <div class="padding"></div>
8042
8043     <div class="entry">
8044       <div class="title">
8045         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Olav_Dahlum.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Olav Dahlum</a>
8046       </div>
8047       <div class="date">
8048         18th February 2012
8049       </div>
8050       <div class="body">
8051         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
8052 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi nå
8053 høre fra et nyvalgt medlem i foreningen
8054 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
8055 Skolen</a>.</p>
8056
8057 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8058
8059 <p>Jeg heter Olav Dahlum, og er frilans oversetter, tester,
8060 prosjektleder og bruker av fri og åpen programvare som
8061 LibreOffice. Jeg er også et av styremedlemmene i FRISK.</p>
8062
8063 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8064
8065 <p>Jeg kom i kontakt med prosjektet i 2009, da jeg ble ansatt i
8066 stiftelsen Åpne kontorprogram på norsk for å oversette og teste den
8067 norske utgaven av OpenOffice.org. Arbeidet har hele tiden vært
8068 koordinert sammen med Skolelinux, og mange av de samme menneskene er
8069 involvert, så på den måten ble jeg en del av den utvidede
8070 familien.</p>
8071
8072 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8073
8074 <p>Skolelinux handler i likhet med utdanningssektoren om å dele
8075 kunnskap med andre, og det er dette som er hovedstyrken til
8076 prosjektet.  Selv om Skolelinux hovedsaklig er involvert i utvikling
8077 av programvare, er det også et sted der man kan utfolde seg uavhengig
8078 av bakgrunn og ferdigheter.</p>
8079
8080 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8081
8082 <p>Liten utbredelse og manglende støtte fra leverandører som leverer
8083 pedagogisk programvare til skolebruk.  Kunne kanskje hatt flere
8084 verktøy som letter administrasjonen ytterligere, slik at også mindre
8085 erfarne databrukere kan utføre lett vedlikehold og rutinejobber.</p>
8086
8087 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8088
8089 <p>Jeg er nesten forpliktet til å si at jeg bruker LibreOffice... Jeg
8090 bruker forøvrig frie og åpne operativsystemer basert på
8091 operativsystemkjernen Linux, for tiden openSUSE 12,1 med KDE4.  Men
8092 hvis jeg skal dra fram noen flere eksempler så er nok Mozilla Firefox
8093 og Thunderbird to av de jeg bruker mest. I tillegg er jeg en flittig
8094 bruker av OpenSSH, Irssi, Midnight Commander, Git, Subversion,
8095 Translation Toolkit og Super Maryo Chronicles (litt gøy skal man ha,
8096 og med to håndkontroller liggende er det ikke til å unngå).</p>
8097
8098 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8099 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8100
8101 <p>Vi må få leverandører av pedagogisk programvare med på laget, men
8102 også utvikle vår egen tilpasset det norske markedet.  Det er også
8103 mulig å involvere utdanningssektoren direkte i arbeidet, for eksempel
8104 gjennom studentprosjekter der elevene selv er med å utforme
8105 programvare direkte eller indirekte gjennom aktive bidrag.  Dette gjør
8106 ikke bare samarbeidet tettere, men fokuset på standarder og friheten
8107 til å velge sin egen løsning vil kanskje stimulere interessen for
8108 framtidig deltakelse i bransjen.  Vi som driver med fri og åpen
8109 programvare ønsker oss ikke rene konsumenter, men tenkende og
8110 selvstendige individer som kan være med å skape sin egen fremtid.</p>
8111
8112       </div>
8113       <div class="tags">
8114
8115
8116         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8117
8118
8119       </div>
8120     </div>
8121     <div class="padding"></div>
8122
8123     <div class="entry">
8124       <div class="title">
8125         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_proxy_configuration_with_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux.html">Automatic proxy configuration with Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
8126       </div>
8127       <div class="date">
8128         13th February 2012
8129       </div>
8130       <div class="body">
8131         <p>New in the Squeeze version of
8132 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> is the
8133 ability for clients to automatically configure their proxy settings
8134 based on their environment.  We want all systems on the client to use
8135 the WPAD based proxy definition fetched from <tt>http://wpad/wpad.dat</tt>, to
8136 allow sites to control the proxy setting from a central place and make
8137 sure clients do not have hard coded proxy settings.  The schools can
8138 change the global proxy setting by editing
8139 <tt>tjener:/etc/debian-edu/www/wpad.dat</tt> and the change propagate
8140 to all Debian Edu clients in the network.</p>
8141
8142 <p>The problem is that some systems do not understand the WPAD system.
8143 In other words, how do one get from a WPAD file like this (this is a
8144 simple one, they can run arbitrary code):</p>
8145
8146 <blockquote><pre>
8147 function FindProxyForURL(url, host)
8148 {
8149    if (!isResolvable(host) ||
8150        isPlainHostName(host) ||
8151        dnsDomainIs(host, ".intern"))
8152       return "DIRECT";
8153    else
8154       return "PROXY webcache:3128; DIRECT";
8155 }
8156 </pre></blockquote>
8157
8158 <p>to a proxy setting in the process environment looking like this:</p>
8159
8160 <blockquote><pre>
8161 http_proxy=http://webcache:3128/
8162 ftp_proxy=http://webcache:3128/
8163 </pre></blockquote>
8164
8165 <p>To do this conversion I developed a perl script that will execute
8166 the javascript fragment in the WPAD file and return the proxy that
8167 would be used for
8168 <tt><a href="http://www.debian.org/">http://www.debian.org/</a></tt>,
8169 and insert this extracted proxy URL in <tt>/etc/environment</tt> and
8170 <tt>/etc/apt/apt.conf</tt>.  The perl script wpad-extract work just
8171 fine in Squeeze, but in Wheezy the library it need to run the
8172 javascript code is <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/631045">no longer
8173 able to build</a> because the C library it depended on is now a C++
8174 library.  I hope someone find a solution to that problem before Wheezy
8175 is frozen.  An alternative would be for us to rewrite wpad-extract to
8176 use some other javascript library currently working in Wheezy, but no
8177 known alternative is known at the moment.</p>
8178
8179 <p>This automatic proxy system allow the roaming workstation (aka
8180 laptop) setup in Debian Edu/Squeeze to use the proxy when the laptop
8181 is connected to the backbone network in a Debian Edu setup, and to
8182 automatically use any proxy present and announced using the WPAD
8183 feature when it is connected to other networks.  And if no proxy is
8184 announced, direct connections will be used instead.</p>
8185
8186 <p>Silently using a proxy announced on the network might be a privacy
8187 or security problem.  But those controlling DHCP and DNS on a network
8188 could just as easily set up a transparent proxy, and force all HTTP
8189 and FTP connections to use a proxy anyway, so I consider that
8190 distinction to be academic.  If you are afraid of using the wrong
8191 proxy, you should avoid connecting to the network in question in the
8192 first place.  In Debian Edu, the proxy setup is updated using dhcp and
8193 ifupdown hooks, to make sure the configuration is updated every time
8194 the network setup changes.</p>
8195
8196 <p>The WPAD system is documented in a
8197 <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-wrec-wpad-01">IETF
8198 draft</a> and a
8199 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_Proxy_Autodiscovery_Protocol">Wikipedia
8200 page</a> for those that want to learn more.</p>
8201
8202       </div>
8203       <div class="tags">
8204
8205
8206         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8207
8208
8209       </div>
8210     </div>
8211     <div class="padding"></div>
8212
8213     <div class="entry">
8214       <div class="title">
8215         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Axel_Bojer.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Axel Bojer</a>
8216       </div>
8217       <div class="date">
8218          7th February 2012
8219       </div>
8220       <div class="body">
8221         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
8222 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet har jeg
8223 fått en av oversetterne som har vært med siden starten i tale.</p>
8224
8225 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8226
8227 <p>Jeg heter Axel Bojer og er datalærer, tysklærer, oversetter med
8228 mere.</p>
8229
8230 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8231
8232 <p>Tror jeg så en annonsering på nettet i slutten av 2001 og ville
8233 være med som oversetter.  Jeg kom med på en utviklersamling og
8234 prosjektet var da helt i starten.  Det var spennende å være med mens
8235 prosjektet vokste til og utviklet seg.</p>
8236
8237 <p>Jeg har «alltid» vært språkinteressert og hadde nettopp startet med
8238 Linux og tror jeg tenkte det passet å bidra.  Var også glad for å få
8239 en Debian-distribusjon, og ville gjerne bruke den selv.  Til å begynne
8240 med brukte jeg først Mandrake og så Debian. Og siden jeg oppdaget at
8241 det ikke var noen mulighet for å bruke den som enkeltstående i lang
8242 tid, så gikk jeg etterhvert over til Kubuntu</p>
8243
8244 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8245
8246 <p>Løsningen er forholdsvis lett å sette opp, gratis, fri programvare
8247 og gjør det mulig å gjenbruke eldre maskiner.  Det fine med Debian er
8248 at det er stabilt og har en veldig stor mengde programmer. Jeg liker
8249 også apt.  :-) Jeg liker også friheten ved Linux og muligheten til å
8250 delta og forme sin egen datahverdag.</p>
8251
8252 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8253
8254 <p>Skolelinux er for lite kjent og for sent ute med å gi ut nye
8255 versjoner.</p>
8256
8257 <p>Da jeg selv i hovedsak bruker Kubuntu, så kan jeg egentlig ikke
8258 svare så detaljert rundt ulempene med Skolelinux.  Hovedårsaken til at
8259 jeg bruker Kubuntu er nok at da vi begynte med det mener jeg det ikke
8260 var noen annen løsning.  «Vandrende arbeidsstasjon» mener jeg ikke
8261 fantes da.  Dessuten ville jeg ha siste versjon, da den KDE-versjonen
8262 som var i Skolelinux den gangen var en god del enklere (tror det var
8263 KDE 2) var dårligere i mine øyne enn versjon 3.</p>
8264
8265 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8266
8267 <p>Jeg bruker blant annet Kubuntu, LibreOffice, Thunderbird, Firefox,
8268 Kate, <a href="http://comix.sourceforge.net/">Comix</a> og Konsole.  Og
8269 en hel haug andre ved behov :-)</p>
8270
8271 <p>Har oversatt Comix selv, men det er jo ikke skjedd noe med Comix
8272 siden 2009, så den er det nok bare jeg som har.  Om andre vil ha den
8273 gir jeg den gjerne videre.  Ser at noen har startet på
8274 <a href="http://mcomix.sourceforge.net/">MComix</a> siden jeg så på så
8275 på dette sist, så nå er jeg igang med å teste og oversette den
8276 også.</p>
8277
8278 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8279 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8280
8281 <p>Det viktigste er å forankre beslutningen i kollegiet og med de som
8282 er ansvarlige for å vedlikeholde og bruke datamaskinene.  Flest mulig
8283 bør være med på å holde det (sosialt) vedlike, kjenne og støtte
8284 prinsippene. Som enkeltmannsprosjekt blir det lett veldig sårbart,
8285 særlig når (Skole)linux ennå i stor grad er en motkultur og ikke noe
8286 en stor nok andel av beslutningstakere, brukere osv kjenner til og
8287 bruker.</p>
8288
8289 <p>Jeg tror det viktigste er å fortsette å holde fri programvare godt,
8290 oppdatert, minimere antall feil, ha en god kontakt med brukerne og
8291 attraktivt og spennende programmer. Beholde alt som er bra og ha det
8292 tilgjengelig samtidig som man tilbyr det nyeste og rareste for de som
8293 vil ha det.</p>
8294
8295       </div>
8296       <div class="tags">
8297
8298
8299         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8300
8301
8302       </div>
8303     </div>
8304     <div class="padding"></div>
8305
8306     <div class="entry">
8307       <div class="title">
8308         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Saving_power_with_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_using_shutdown_at_night.html">Saving power with Debian Edu / Skolelinux using shutdown-at-night</a>
8309       </div>
8310       <div class="date">
8311          5th February 2012
8312       </div>
8313       <div class="body">
8314         <p>Since the Lenny version of
8315 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>, a
8316 feature to save power have been included.  It is as simple as it is
8317 practical: Shut down unused clients at night, and turn them on again
8318 in the morning.  This is done using the
8319 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/shutdown-at-night.html">shutdown-at-night</a> Debian package.</p>
8320
8321 <p>To enable this feature on a client, the machine need to be added to
8322 the netgroup shutdown-at-night-hosts.  For Debian Edu, this is done in
8323 LDAP, and once this is in place, the machine in question will check
8324 every hour from 16:00 until 06:00 to see if the machine is unused, and
8325 shut it down if it is.  If the hardware in question is supported by
8326 the
8327 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/n/nvram-wakeup.html">nvram-wakeup</a>
8328 package, the BIOS is told to turn the machine back on around 07:00 +-
8329 10 minutes.  If this isn't working, one can configure wake-on-lan to
8330 try to turn on the client.  The wake-on-lan option is only documented
8331 and not enabled by default in Debian Edu.</p>
8332
8333 <p>It is important to not turn all machines on at once, as this can
8334 blow a fuse if several computers are connected to the same fuse like
8335 the common setup for a classroom.  The nvram-wakeup method only work
8336 for machines with a functioning hardware/BIOS clock.  I've seen old
8337 machines where the BIOS battery were dead and the hardware clock were
8338 starting from 0 (or was it 1990?) every boot.  If you have one of
8339 those, you have to turn on the computer manually.</p>
8340
8341 <p>The shutdown-at-night package is completely self contained, and can
8342 also be used outside the Debian Edu environment.  For those without a
8343 central LDAP server with netgroups, one can instead touch the file
8344 <tt>/etc/shutdown-at-night/shutdown-at-night</tt> to enable it.
8345 Perhaps you too can use it to save some power?</p>
8346
8347       </div>
8348       <div class="tags">
8349
8350
8351         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8352
8353
8354       </div>
8355     </div>
8356     <div class="padding"></div>
8357
8358     <div class="entry">
8359       <div class="title">
8360         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_beta_version_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Third beta version of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
8361       </div>
8362       <div class="date">
8363          4th February 2012
8364       </div>
8365       <div class="body">
8366         <p>I am happy to announce that finally we managed today to wrap up and
8367 publish the third beta version of
8368 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
8369 on Squeeze.  If you want to test a LDAP backed Kerberos server with
8370 out of the box PXE configuration for running diskless machines and
8371 installing new machines, check it out.  If you need a software
8372 solution for your school, check it out too.  The full announcement is
8373 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/02/msg00000.html">available</a>
8374 on the project announcement list.</p>
8375
8376 <p>I am very happy to report these changes and improvements since
8377 beta2 (there are more, see announcement for full list):</p>
8378
8379 <ul>
8380
8381 <li>It is now possible to change the pre-configured IP subnet from
8382   10.0.0.0/8 to something else by using the subnet-change tool after
8383   the installation.</li>
8384
8385 <li>Too full partitions are now automatically extended on the Main
8386   Server, based on the rules specified in /etc/fsautoresizetab.</li>
8387
8388 <li>The CUPS queues are now automatically flushed every night, and all
8389   disabled queues are restarted every hour.  This should cut down on
8390   the amount of manual administration needed for printers.</li>
8391
8392 <li>The set of initial users have been changed.  Now a personal user
8393   for the local system administrator is created during installation
8394   instead of the previously created localadmin and super-admin users,
8395   and this user is granted administrative privileges using group
8396   membership.  This reduces the number of passwords one need to keep
8397   up to date on the system.</li>
8398
8399 </ul>
8400
8401 <p>The new main server seem to work so well that I am testing it as my
8402 private DNS/LDAP/Kerberos/PXE/LTSP server at home.  I will use it look
8403 for issues we could fix to polish Debian Edu even further before the
8404 final Squeeze release is published.</p>
8405
8406 <p>Next weekend the project organise a
8407 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/01/msg00001.html">developer
8408 gathering</a> in Oslo.  We will continue the work on the Squeeze
8409 version, and start initial planning for the Wheezy version.  Perhaps I
8410 will see you there?</p>
8411
8412       </div>
8413       <div class="tags">
8414
8415
8416         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8417
8418
8419       </div>
8420     </div>
8421     <div class="padding"></div>
8422
8423     <div class="entry">
8424       <div class="title">
8425         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Handling_non_free_firmware_in_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Handling non-free firmware in Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
8426       </div>
8427       <div class="date">
8428         27th January 2012
8429       </div>
8430       <div class="body">
8431         <p>With some computer hardware, one need non-free firmware blobs.
8432 This is the sad fact of todays computers.  In the next version of
8433 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
8434 on Squeeze, we provide several scripts and modifications to make
8435 firmware blobs easier to handle.  The common use case I run into is a
8436 laptop with a wireless network card requiring non-free firmware to
8437 work, but there are other use cases as well.</p>
8438
8439 <p>First and foremost, Debian Edu provide ISO images for DVD and CD
8440 with all firmware packages in the Debian sections main and non-free
8441 included, to ensure debian-installer find and can install all of them
8442 during installation.  This take care firmware for network devices used
8443 by the installer when installing from from local media.  But for
8444 example multimedia devices are not activated in the installer and are
8445 not taken care of by this.</p>
8446
8447 <p>For non-network devices, we provide the script
8448 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/auto-addfirmware</tt> which
8449 search through the <tt>dmesg</tt> output for drivers requesting extra
8450 firmware.  The firmware file name is looked up in the Contents-ARCH.gz
8451 file available in the package repository, and the packages providing
8452 the requested firmware file(s) is installed.  I have proposed to do
8453 something similar in debian-installer (BTS report
8454 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/655507">#655507</a>), to allow PXE
8455 installs of Debian to handle firmware installation better.  Run the
8456 script as root from the command line to fetch and install the needed
8457 firmware packages.</p>
8458
8459 <p>Debian Edu provide PXE installation of Debian out of the box, and
8460 because some machines need firmware to get their network cards
8461 working, the installation initrd some times need extra firmware
8462 included to be able to install at all.  To fill the PXE installation
8463 initrd with extra firmware, the
8464 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/pxe-addfirmware</tt> script is
8465 provided.  Again, just run it as root on the command line to fill the
8466 PXE initrd with firmware packages.</p>
8467
8468 <p>Last, some LTSP clients might also need firmware to get their
8469 network cards working.  For this,
8470 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/ltsp-addfirmware</tt> is
8471 provided to update the LTSP initrd with firmware blobs.  It is used
8472 the same way as the other firmware related tools.</p>
8473
8474 <p>At the moment, we do not run any of these during installation.  We
8475 do not know if this is acceptable for the local administrator to use
8476 non-free software, and it is their choice.</p>
8477
8478 <p>We plan to release beta3 this weekend.  You might want to give it a
8479 try.</p>
8480
8481       </div>
8482       <div class="tags">
8483
8484
8485         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8486
8487
8488       </div>
8489     </div>
8490     <div class="padding"></div>
8491
8492     <div class="entry">
8493       <div class="title">
8494         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skjermbilder_fra_nordsamisk_installasjon_av_Skolelinux_Squeeze.html">Skjermbilder fra nordsamisk installasjon av Skolelinux/Squeeze</a>
8495       </div>
8496       <div class="date">
8497         26th January 2012
8498       </div>
8499       <div class="body">
8500         <p>For morro skyld har jeg gjennomført en nordsamisk installasjon for
8501 neste utgave av <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>
8502 (Squeeze) og knipset skjermbilder av resultatet.</p>
8503
8504 <p>Som en kan se der er det noen oversettelser som mangler.  Det hadde
8505 vært hyggelig hvis alle tekstene som vises i Skolelinux-installasjonen
8506 ble oversatt til nordsamisk, men for å få det til må noen som forstår
8507 språket melde seg til dyst.  Det er mangel på nordsamiske oversettere
8508 av fri programvare.  Hvis noen starter raskt, så bør en rekke å
8509 fullføre Wheezy-utgaven før den gis ut. :)</p>
8510
8511 <p>Se <a href="http://d-i.debian.org/l10n-stats/">oversetterstatistikk for
8512 debian installer</a> for detaljert status.  Jeg har tipset
8513 <a href="https://lister.ping.uio.no/mailman/listinfo/i18n-sme">epostlisten for samiskoversettelser</a>,
8514 men det har vært veldig liten aktivitet der de siste årene.</p>
8515
8516 <p><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/01-isomenu.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/01-isomenu.png" width="40%"></a>
8517 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/02-sme-lang.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/02-sme-lang.png" width="40%"></a>
8518 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/03-sme-place.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/03-sme-place.png" width="40%"></a>
8519 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/04-sme-keymap.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/04-sme-keymap.png" width="40%"></a>
8520 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/05-sme-profile.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/05-sme-profile.png" width="40%"></a>
8521 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/06-sme-autopart.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/06-sme-autopart.png" width="40%"></a>
8522 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/07-sme-popcon.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/07-sme-popcon.png" width="40%"></a>
8523 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/08-sme-rootpw1.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/08-sme-rootpw1.png" width="40%"></a>
8524 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/09-sme-rootpw2.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/09-sme-rootpw2.png" width="40%"></a>
8525 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/10-sme-firstuser.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/10-sme-firstuser.png" width="40%"></a>
8526 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/11-sme-firstusername.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/11-sme-firstusername.png" width="40%"></a>
8527 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/12-sme-firstuserpw1.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/12-sme-firstuserpw1.png" width="40%"></a>
8528 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/13-sme-firstuserpw2.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/13-sme-firstuserpw2.png" width="40%"></a>
8529 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/14-sme-part.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/14-sme-part.png" width="40%"></a>
8530 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/15-sme-debootstrap.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/15-sme-debootstrap.png" width="40%"></a>
8531 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/16-sme-tasksel.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/16-sme-tasksel.png" width="40%"></a>
8532 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/17-sme-wordlist.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/17-sme-wordlist.png" width="40%"></a>
8533 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/18-sme-tasksel.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/18-sme-tasksel.png" width="40%"></a>
8534 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/19-sme-ltsp.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/19-sme-ltsp.png" width="40%"></a>
8535 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/20-sme-grub.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/20-sme-grub.png" width="40%"></a>
8536 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/21-sme-finish-install.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/21-sme-finish-install.png" width="40%"></a>
8537 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/22-sme-finish-message.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/22-sme-finish-message.png" width="40%"></a></p>
8538
8539       </div>
8540       <div class="tags">
8541
8542
8543         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8544
8545
8546       </div>
8547     </div>
8548     <div class="padding"></div>
8549
8550     <div class="entry">
8551       <div class="title">
8552         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Setting_up_a_new_school_with_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Setting up a new school with Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
8553       </div>
8554       <div class="date">
8555         25th January 2012
8556       </div>
8557       <div class="body">
8558         <p>The next version of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu
8559 / Skolelinux</a> will include a new tool
8560 <tt>sitesummary2ldapdhcp</tt>, which can be used to quickly set up all
8561 the computers in a school without much manual labour.  Here is a short
8562 summary on how to use it to set up a new school.</p>
8563
8564 <p>First, install a combined Main Server and Thin Client Server as the
8565 central server in the network.  Next, PXE boot all the client machines
8566 as thin clients and wait 5 minutes after the last client booted to
8567 allow the clients to report their existence to the central server.  When
8568 this is done, log on to the central server and run
8569 <tt>sitesummary2ldapdhcp -a</tt> in the <tt>konsole</tt> to use the
8570 collected information to generate system objects in LDAP.  The output
8571 will look similar to this:</p>
8572
8573 <p><blockquote><pre>
8574 % sitesummary2ldapdhcp -a
8575 info: Updating machine tjener.intern [10.0.2.2] id ether-00:01:02:03:04:05.
8576 info: Create GOsa machine for auto-mac-00-01-02-03-04-06 [10.0.16.20] id ether-00:01:02:03:04:06.
8577
8578 Enter password if you want to activate these changes, and ^c to abort.
8579
8580 Connecting to LDAP as cn=admin,ou=ldap-access,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
8581 enter password: *******
8582 %
8583 </pre></blockquote></p>
8584
8585 <p>After providing the LDAP administrative password (the same as the
8586 root password set during installation), the LDAP database will be
8587 populated with system objects for each PXE booted machine with
8588 automatically generated names.  The final step to set up the school is
8589 then to log into <a href="https://oss.gonicus.de/labs/gosa/">GOsa</a>,
8590 the web based user, group and system administration system to change
8591 system names, add systems to the correct host groups and finally
8592 enable DHCP and DNS for the systems.  All clients that should be used
8593 as diskless workstations should be added to the workstation-hosts
8594 group.  After this is done, all computers can be booted again via PXE
8595 and get their assigned names and group based configuration
8596 automatically.</p>
8597
8598 <p>We plan to release beta3 with the updated version of this feature
8599 enabled this weekend.  You might want to give it a try.</p>
8600
8601 <p>Update 2012-01-28: When calling sitesummary2ldapdhcp to add new
8602 hosts, one need to add the option -a.  I forgot to mention this in my
8603 original text, and have added it to the text now.</p>
8604
8605       </div>
8606       <div class="tags">
8607
8608
8609         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
8610
8611
8612       </div>
8613     </div>
8614     <div class="padding"></div>
8615
8616     <div class="entry">
8617       <div class="title">
8618         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Paul_Reidar_L_snesl_kken.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken</a>
8619       </div>
8620       <div class="date">
8621         18th January 2012
8622       </div>
8623       <div class="body">
8624         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
8625 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, har jeg nå
8626 lyktes med å få tak i en skolemann som ikke er aktiv med utviklingen,
8627 men likevel har vært med nesten siden starten av prosjektet.  Jeg
8628 ønsker derfor velkommen til Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken, en mann med
8629 mange års erfaring i bruk av Skolelinux.</p>
8630
8631 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8632
8633 <p>Jeg driftet tidligere IKT løsningen for skolene i
8634 <a href="http://www.nord-odal.kommune.no/">Nord-Odal</a>.  I dag er jeg
8635 IKT-konsulent for hele kommunen og samarbeider med
8636 <a href="http://www.hedmarken-ikt.no/">Hedmark-IKT</a> for best mulig
8637 tjenester til kommunen. Jeg har bakgrunn som elektronikkreparatør og
8638 grunnskolelærer og har tatt en del fag innen IKT, i hovedsak
8639 driftsfag. IKT i Nord-Odal kommune blir i dag driftet av Hedmark IKT
8640 som er et samarbeid mellom Løten, Stange, Grue, Hamar, Kongsvinger og
8641 Nord-Odal. Jeg er fortsatt "IKT-personen" på skolene i kommunen og
8642 følger opp og gjør enkelte mindre endringer der.</p>
8643
8644 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8645
8646 <p>Kommunen satset på Skolelinux i 2004.  Jeg var ikke med i
8647 beslutningsprosessen den gang, men ble likevel med fra starten når
8648 dette ble levert.</p>
8649
8650 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8651
8652 <p>Fordelene med Skolelinux er rask oppstart, sentral drift av
8653 klientene, klienter som jobber raskt og effektivt, bedre
8654 funksjonalitet på eldre utstyr og en ganske god programpakke med fri
8655 programvare som følger med.  Løsningen med halvtykke klienter gjør at
8656 prosessering skjer lokalt med alltid ferske maskiner.</p>
8657
8658 <p>Skolelinux kan fungere godt på gammelt utstyr, men det er klart at
8659 utstyr også blir for gammelt selv for Skolelinux.  I forbindelese med
8660 at vi nylig fikk nye servere og ny installasjon kastet jeg ut ca 60
8661 klienter som fortsatt var i drift etter at de var kjøpt godt brukt i
8662 2004.  Noe var rundt 15 år gammelt, men var fortsatt i bruk. Noen
8663 klaget på at det nå gikk veldig tregt på en del pedagogiske nettsider
8664 med flash o.l. Det er fullt forståelig.</p>
8665
8666 <p>Jeg fikk nylig et spørsmål fra ungdomsskolens rektor om jeg kunne
8667 legge inn <a href="http://freemind.sourceforge.net/">FreeMind</a>, et
8668 tankekartprogram , på skolens elev-Windowsmaskiner. Lærerne hadde
8669 vært på kurs og ville ta dette i bruk. Skolen har ca halvparten av
8670 elevmaskinene på bærbare Windowsmaskiner. Da kunne jeg fortelle at
8671 dette programmet allerede lå inne på den nye Skolelinuxløsningen
8672 som nettopp var satt i drift, klart til bruk.</p>
8673
8674 <p>Vi har de bærbare maskinene på ungdomsskolen i domene med
8675 Skolelinux.  Dette fungerer også meget bra nå. Elevene får opp en
8676 midlertidig windowsprofil når de logger på.  Denne profilen slettes
8677 etter at de logger av, noe som medfører rene profiler hver gang de
8678 starter opp en maskin.  De må lagre i sin Skolelinprofil, noe som
8679 medfører at de får tak i sine filer uavhengig av om de starter en
8680 Windowsmaskin eller en Skolelinuxklient. Det er mye mindre trafikk i
8681 det trådløse nettet etter at ikke hele profiler blir lastet opp til de
8682 enkelte Windowsmaskinene og tilbake når man avslutter. Jeg vet ikke om
8683 dette er standardoppsett i Skolelinux, men slik er vårt oppsett
8684 nå.</p>
8685
8686 <p>Vi har i flere år satt opp vår løsning slik at skriverkøer slettes
8687 og skrivere startes hver natt.  Hyggelig å høre at dette nå skal bli
8688 en standard i Skolelinuxløsningen.  Dette har vært en god hjelp for
8689 oss.</p>
8690
8691 <p>Elevene er lite opptatt av om de jobber på en Skolelinux eller en
8692 Windowsmaskin bare de har de programmene de trenger og at det virker
8693 når det skal brukes. Vi kjører mest mulig de samme programmene på
8694 Windows som i Skolelinux, som f.eks Audacity og LibreOffice.</p>
8695
8696 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8697
8698 <p>Lærere bruker hos oss Windows. Dette fordi de da selv har mer
8699 kontroll over sin maskin, kan bruke den overalt, og kan legge inn
8700 programmer selv når de trenger noe i forhold til kurs o.l de er
8701 på. Jeg tror lærernes selvstendighet her gjør dem tryggere på IKT-bruk
8702 generelt. Det at de av og til får opp advarsler og lignende gjør også
8703 at de må tenke igjennom og spørre om ting rundt datasikkerhet.</p>
8704
8705 <p>Det er en del programmer vi bruker som ikke finnes for Linux.  Mest
8706 brukt er nok Photostory3 som brukes i mange sammenhenger, særlig på
8707 ungdomsskolen, bl.a. til å lage herbarier (plantesamling) .  Dette
8708 finnes gratis for Windows, men er ikke fri programvare.  Vi er opptatt
8709 av at programmer elevene bruker på skolen også kan brukes gratis
8710 hjemme. Det er også en del programmer som brukes til spesielle elever
8711 som bare går i Windows. Det er viktig med fokus på funksjoner og ikke
8712 på hvilket OS man bruker.</p>
8713
8714 <p>For oss er det kombinasjonen mellom Skolelinux og Windows som gir
8715 oss en god og hel løsning. Skolelinux er best der de er gode.</p>
8716
8717 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8718
8719 <p>Selv er det LibreOffice jeg bruker til daglig.  Jeg bruker selv en
8720 Windowsmaskin. Jeg har benyttet en del fri programvare i forbindelse
8721 med sjekking av trafikk i nettverk, slik som Wireshark, men dette er
8722 jo ikke aktuelt for skolene. Jeg er generelt glad i programmer som
8723 fungerer på både Linux og Windows og gjerne MAC.</p>
8724
8725 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8726 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8727
8728 <p>Det er viktig at det benyttes programmer som elevene også kan ta i
8729 bruk hjemme.  Det skal da være enkelt, lovlig og gratis for
8730 elevene. Da er jeg ikke lenger veldig opptatt av om det kalles "fri
8731 programvare".  For skolene tror jeg "gratis" og "funksjonelt" er bedre
8732 begreper enn "fri" i forhold til programmer.  De fleste skiller nok
8733 ikke mellom "fri" og "gratis". Det er nå svært mange elever som
8734 benytter OpenOffice eller LibreOffice som sin primære kontorpakke
8735 hjemme.</p>
8736
8737       </div>
8738       <div class="tags">
8739
8740
8741         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8742
8743
8744       </div>
8745     </div>
8746     <div class="padding"></div>
8747
8748     <div class="entry">
8749       <div class="title">
8750         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Changing_the_default_Iceweasel_start_page_in_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Changing the default Iceweasel start page in Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
8751       </div>
8752       <div class="date">
8753         10th January 2012
8754       </div>
8755       <div class="body">
8756         <p>In the Squeeze version of
8757 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> soon
8758 to be released, users of the system will get their default browser
8759 start page set from LDAP, allowing the system administrator to point
8760 all users to the school web page by updating one setting in LDAP.  In
8761 addition to setting the default start page when a machine boots, users
8762 are shown the same page as a welcome page when they log in for the
8763 first time.</p>
8764
8765 <p>The LDAP object dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no have an attribute
8766 labeledURI with "http://www/ LDAP for Debian Edu/Skolelinux" as the
8767 default content.  By changing this value to another URL, all users get
8768 to see the page behind this new URL.</p>
8769
8770 <p>An easy way to update it is by using the ldapvi tool.  It can be
8771 called as "<tt>ldapvi -ZD '(cn=admin)'</tt>' to update LDAP with the
8772 new setting.</p>
8773
8774 <p>We have written the code to adjust the default start page and show
8775 the welcome page, and I wonder if there is an easier way to do this
8776 from within Iceweasel instead.</p>
8777
8778       </div>
8779       <div class="tags">
8780
8781
8782         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
8783
8784
8785       </div>
8786     </div>
8787     <div class="padding"></div>
8788
8789     <div class="entry">
8790       <div class="title">
8791         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_beta_version_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Second beta version of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
8792       </div>
8793       <div class="date">
8794          7th January 2012
8795       </div>
8796       <div class="body">
8797         <p>I am happy to announce that today we managed to wrap up and publish
8798 the second beta version of
8799 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>.  If
8800 you want to test a LDAP backed Kerberos server with out of the box PXE
8801 configuration for running diskless machines and installing new
8802 machines, check it out.  If you need a software solution for your
8803 school, check it out too.  The full announcement is
8804 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/01/msg00000.html">available</a>
8805 on the project announcement list.</p>
8806
8807       </div>
8808       <div class="tags">
8809
8810
8811         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8812
8813
8814       </div>
8815     </div>
8816     <div class="padding"></div>
8817
8818     <div class="entry">
8819       <div class="title">
8820         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fixing_an_hanging_debian_installer_for_Debian_Edu.html">Fixing an hanging debian installer for Debian Edu</a>
8821       </div>
8822       <div class="date">
8823          3rd January 2012
8824       </div>
8825       <div class="body">
8826         <p>During christmas, I have been working getting the next version of
8827 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> ready
8828 for release.  The initial problem I looked at was particularly
8829 interesting.</p>
8830
8831 <P>The installer would hang at the end when it was doing it
8832 post-installation configuration, and whatevery I did to try to find
8833 the cause and fix it always worked while I tested it, but never when I
8834 integrated it into the installer and ran the installation from
8835 scratch.  I would try to restart processes, close file descriptors,
8836 remove or create files, and the installer would always unblock and
8837 wrap up its tasks.</p>
8838
8839 <p>Eventually the cause was found.  The kernel was simply running out
8840 of entropy, causing the Kerberos setup to hang waiting for more.
8841 Pressing keys was adding entropy to the kernel, and thus all my tries
8842 to fix the problem worked not because what I was typing to fix it, but
8843 because I was typing.</P>
8844
8845 <p>The fix I implemented was to add a background process looking at
8846 the level of entropy in the kernel (by checking
8847 /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail), and if it was too small, the
8848 installer will flush the kernel file buffers and do 'find /' to
8849 generate some disk IO.  Disk IO generate entropy in the kernel, and is
8850 one of the few things that can be initated from within the system to
8851 generate entropy.</p>
8852
8853 <p>The fix is in
8854 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/Installation">beta1
8855 of the Debian Edu/Squeeze</a> version, and we
8856 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu">welcome more testers and
8857 developers</a>.  We plan to release beta2 this weekend.</p>
8858
8859       </div>
8860       <div class="tags">
8861
8862
8863         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8864
8865
8866       </div>
8867     </div>
8868     <div class="padding"></div>
8869
8870     <div class="entry">
8871       <div class="title">
8872         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Peter_Hansteen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Peter Hansteen</a>
8873       </div>
8874       <div class="date">
8875         11th December 2011
8876       </div>
8877       <div class="body">
8878         <p>Etter en lang pause er det klart for neste mann ut i min serie med
8879 intervjuer av
8880 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-relaterte personer.
8881
8882 Denne gangen har jeg besøk av et avtroppende styremedlem i
8883 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, og en mann
8884 som har vært aktiv i Linux-miljøet i Bergen siden 90-tallet.</p>
8885
8886 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8887
8888 <p>Jeg heter Peter Hansteen, og jobber til daglig som seniorkonsulent
8889 i EDB ErgoGroup i Bergen.  I praksis betyr det systemadministrasjon på
8890 Unix (primært Solaris, men en viss komponent av Linux).  Men Solaris
8891 er for meg et relativt nytt bekjentskap, hovedplattformen min har
8892 generelt vært OpenBSD og til dels FreeBSD.</p>
8893
8894 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8895
8896 <p>Jeg husker ikke helt alle detaljene mer ;) - men jeg tror det var
8897 gjennom news-gruppen no.it.os.unix.linux.diverse, efn-listen og
8898 etterhvert også BLUG-miljøet her i Bergen.  Vi hadde et par
8899 Skolelinux-sentrerte BLUG-møter for noen år siden, og det har vært et
8900 par Skolelinux-utviklersamlinger her.</p>
8901
8902 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8903
8904 <p>Jeg bruker dessverre ikke Skolelinux daglig. Men slik jeg kjenner
8905 prosjektet har det vært i stand til å ta opp i seg det beste av fri
8906 programvare i mange kategorier, så fra et sysadmin-perspektiv ser det
8907 ut som en svært behagelig sak.  For brukerne er det vel både en fordel
8908 og en ulempe at det ikke er Windows. Men vi håper at fordelene med et
8909 fritt system etterhvert vil bli åpenbare for både elever, lærekrefter
8910 og foreldre.</p>
8911
8912 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8913
8914 <p>Vel, ulempen er vel først og fremst at andre aktører med mer
8915 kapitalmuskel har klart å etablere seg som det både lærere og foreldre
8916 føler seg trygge på, selv om det etter mitt hode ikke er noen grunn
8917 til å være spesielt trygg på de kommersielle alternativene.</p>
8918
8919 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8920
8921 <p>Når jeg får bestemme helt selv, bruker jeg kun fri programvare. Da
8922 helst med vekt på ting som kjører greit på OpenBSD.  Hjemme er det
8923 OpenBSD, Ubuntu eller FreeBSD vi bruker.  På skrivebordet er det en
8924 avveining mellom Gnome, KDE eller hva-det-nå-heter som er
8925 standardvalget i Ubuntu, ellers er det de kjente tingene som
8926 LibreOffice, Emacs, mplayer.  På server er det selvfølgelig Apache,
8927 for overvåking både OpenNMS og Nagios (det bare ble sånn, og
8928 forskjellige siter).  Jeg skriver til tider om slikt jeg holder på med
8929 på
8930 <a href="http://bsdly.blogspot.com">http://bsdly.blogspot.com</a>.</p>
8931
8932 <p>Men vi må nevne at selv vi har en Microsoft-ting som vi slår på når
8933 vi av en eller annen grunn må. Det betyr igjen vanligvis når en
8934 mobiltelefon eller en annen lukket elektronisk dings krever kontakt
8935 via en slik for å få oppdateringene sine.</p>
8936
8937 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8938 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8939
8940 <p>Hadde vi hatt det rette svaret på det spørsmålet, så hadde vi
8941 gjerne hatt Skolelinux som førstevalg på alle skoler ;)</p>
8942
8943 <p>Men jeg tror vi må legge vekt på flere forskjellige ting.  En helt
8944 sentral sak er å fokusere på fri programvare og åpne standarder som de
8945 demokratiske verdiene de faktisk er.  Det har kanskje kommet litt for
8946 mye i bakgrunnen i forhold til strevet etter å lage det mest mulig
8947 'brukervennlige' systemet.  Det er en tung vei å gå, så det er
8948 forståelig at freenix-aktivister heller velger å skrive kode og annet
8949 som er mer lystbetont. Mer praktisk tror jeg vi må gjøre i alle fall
8950 to ting: For det første sørge for å fortsette med å levere det best
8951 mulige frie produktet, slik at det er lett å både komme i gang og
8952 holde systemene i daglig drift, og for det andre 2) spore opp mulige
8953 aktivister der de finnes, via lokale brukergrupper, sosiale medier
8954 eller annet og sørge for at de fortsetter å være aktive.  Mer og
8955 mindre uformelle treff kan være nyttig i tillegg til de mer
8956 organiserte møtene med foredrag, konferanser og utviklersamlinger.</p>
8957
8958       </div>
8959       <div class="tags">
8960
8961
8962         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8963
8964
8965       </div>
8966     </div>
8967     <div class="padding"></div>
8968
8969     <div class="entry">
8970       <div class="title">
8971         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Frode_Jemtland.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Frode Jemtland</a>
8972       </div>
8973       <div class="date">
8974         27th July 2011
8975       </div>
8976       <div class="body">
8977         <p>Neste mann ut i min serie med intervjuer av Skolelinux-relaterte
8978 personer er en tidligere styreleder i
8979 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a> som var med
8980 fra starten av
8981 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-prosjektet.</p>
8982
8983 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8984
8985 <p>Mitt navn er Frode Jemtland, og jeg jobber i Hedmark IKT, som er et
8986 driftsselskap for Grue, Hamar, Kongsvinger, Løten, Nord-Odal og Stange
8987 kommuner. Her er jeg leder for avdelingen Løsninger og Arkitektur. Vi
8988 har i hovedansvar for servere, infrastruktur og løsninger som
8989 helhet.</p>
8990
8991 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8992
8993 <p>Jobbet i IBM fra 2000, og da spesielt med Linux. Dette var da et av
8994 de mest tydelige linux prosjektene i Norge, og her ønsket jeg å
8995 bidra. Var aktivt med i prosjektet i 4-5 år.</p>
8996
8997 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8998
8999 <p>Fordelene slik jeg ser det er den sentraliserte driftmodellen, og
9000 alle de vel gjennomtenkte løsningene som er inkludert i denne
9001 løsningen. Samtidig er det basert på en stabil, og godt kjent
9002 plattform. Dette vil si at man har en løsning som skal være mye
9003 tilgjengelig, og hvor det er relativt enkelt å få tak i personer som
9004 kan mye om den grunnleggende plattformen.</p>
9005
9006 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9007
9008 <p>De største utfordringene med en løsningen er at den er intensiv på f.eks
9009 nettverk. I seg selv ikke et problem for en enkelt skole, men skal løsningen
9010 kjøres i større skala, med sentraliserte servere, så gir dette noen
9011 utfordringer.</p>
9012
9013 <p>Utifra hva jeg har sett på større installasjoner så er det ikke så
9014 enkelt å skjønne, hva som bør gjøres for at den skal skaleres opp, og
9015 da ta godt vare på alle sider av dette, ikke bare mer server å fordele
9016 last/trykk, men hvordan også beholde robustheten og fleksibiliteten i
9017 løsningen.</p>
9018
9019 <p>En annen utfordring er at stadig flere produkter som skal brukes i
9020 skoleløsningen ikke er laget til å kunne brukes i en
9021 skolelinuxløsning. Det blir derfor fort mye skreddersøm i de
9022 forskjellige installasjonene, for å få diverse pedagogiske programmer,
9023 webløsninger, smartboards, m.m. til å fungere.  Man er også en for
9024 liten kundebase til at leverandørene ønsker å gjøre noe med
9025 utfordringen. Problemet overlates til oss.</p>
9026
9027 <p>Det er også en kontinuerlig utfordring rundt problemet med å holde
9028 programvare på stabile versjoner, kontra å få ny funksjonalitet. Dette
9029 er jo en konflikt mellom oss som ønsker å drifte en stabil, og
9030 kostnadseffektiv løsning, mot sluttbrukerne som ønsker seg funksjoner
9031 det er vant med fra andre løsninger, eller som de må ha for at et
9032 eller annet nytt produkt skal fungere i løsningen. Dette er en
9033 utfordring også for andre plattformer.</p>
9034
9035 <p>En siste utfordring som ikke har noe med løsningen å gjøre, men med
9036 det omkringliggende miljøet denne skal kjøre i, er at de enhetene som
9037 skal drifte dataløsninger for kommuner og fylkeskommuner begynner å
9038 profesjonaliseres, og er da avhengig av å ha standard løsninger for å
9039 drifte store brukermasser. MS er selvsagt klar over dette, og har jo
9040 nå flere områder de begynner å bli veldig dominerende på. Den største,
9041 og mest problematiske er katalogtjenesten.  Man får snart ikke tak i
9042 større løsninger som ikke krever en AD. Når man da har store enheter
9043 som drifter både kommunalt ansatte og skoler, så vil det være et
9044 stordriftargument å standardisere på en katalog tjeneste, og da har
9045 man ikke noe valg. Her er alle slike driftsenheter for små til å få
9046 gjort om på dette. Her burde konkurransemyndighetene kommet på
9047 banen. Men konkurransetilsynet i USA griper sjeldent (og ikke før det
9048 har gått veldig lang tid) inn i monopolsituasjoner så lenge
9049 monopolisten er et amerikansk firma, så da har vel ikke andre
9050 myndigheter så mye de skulle ha sagt....</p>
9051
9052 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9053
9054 <p>Privat kjører jeg Debian på alle mine datamaskiner. Det gjør jeg
9055 også på min jobbmaskin. Vi har også 15-20 linux servere av typene
9056 SuSE, Debian, Redhat, CentOS m.m. Jeg bruker derfor mye fri
9057 programvare. Av enkelt programmer kan sikkert masse nevnes. Hvis vi
9058 skal begrense oss til daglig, så må jeg si: OpenOffice, Firefox,
9059 Kontact, Kopete, Amarok,
9060 <a href="http://gramps-project.org/">Gramps</a>, Kate, ssh, bash,
9061 rsync, backuppc m.m.</p>
9062
9063 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9064 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9065
9066 <p>Det er et godt spørsmål, som jeg har lurt på selv.</p>
9067
9068 <p>Argumentene som ofte har vært brukt om at ting koster mindre holder
9069 ikke mål når man ser på hva som faktisk koster penger. Det er de
9070 ansatte som er en kostnadsdriver. Det vil si at hvis man har et system
9071 som den ansatte kan, så vil en kostnad på dette systemet kunne
9072 forsvares ganske mye ved at den ansatte gjør dette raskere og
9073 effektivt. Også uten å måtte eventuelt leie inn folk.</p>
9074
9075 <p>Jeg syns det er viktigere å fokusere på prinsippet med å velge fri
9076 programvare, men det er også et felt hvor man fort møter lite
9077 forståelse blant de ansatte i skolen.</p>
9078
9079 <p>Her må nok strategien fortsette å være at de sentrale myndighetene
9080 må sende tydelige signaler for hva de ønsker at offentlige enheter
9081 skal gjøre. Det var mye positivt på gang ang. dette for et par år
9082 siden. Både med eNorge og eKommune planene, men dette syns jeg har
9083 stoppet opp. En del av dette kan jo kanskje være usikkerheten som
9084 etter hvert har blitt, når man har sett kompleksiteten i de
9085 prosjektene som har blitt igangsatt. Det har også blitt noe usikkerhet
9086 i markedet ref. Sun, Oracle, Novell, Microsoft m.m.  Samtidig har jo
9087 også de proprietære programleverandørene sørget for å endre sine
9088 lisenser slik at man uansett ikke slipper unna kostnaden til deres
9089 produkter, selv om man skulle velge alternativer. Da er det økonomiske
9090 argumentet, som jeg nevnte tidligere, spilt ganske godt ut over
9091 sidelinjen.</p>
9092
9093       </div>
9094       <div class="tags">
9095
9096
9097         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9098
9099
9100       </div>
9101     </div>
9102     <div class="padding"></div>
9103
9104     <div class="entry">
9105       <div class="title">
9106         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Marius_Kotsbak.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Marius Kotsbak</a>
9107       </div>
9108       <div class="date">
9109         10th April 2011
9110       </div>
9111       <div class="body">
9112         <p>Neste mann ut er Marius Kotsbak, styremedlem i
9113 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a> og mangeårig
9114 bidragsyter i
9115 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-prosjektet.</p>
9116
9117 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9118
9119 <p>Jeg er en systemutvikler/kybernetiker og jobber med dette til
9120 daglig. På fritiden tester jeg ut/bruker mye fri programvare, og
9121 bidrar med testing og utvikling når jeg ser stort nok behov for det og
9122 jeg har noe å bidra med.</p>
9123
9124 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9125
9126 <p>Hmm, det er lenge siden, så det er nesten så jeg ikke husker. Jeg
9127 hadde vel hørt om prosjektet i media før en gjeng i Trondheim startet
9128 opp SPIST, Skolelinux-prosjektet i Sør-Trøndelag, hvor vi hjalp noen
9129 skoler i nærområdet med å installere Skolelinux og finne brukt
9130 IT-utstyr til disse. Det var moro å gjøre noe praktisk for å spre
9131 Skolelinux, og å se hvor fort gjort det var å sette opp utrangerte
9132 klientmaskiner og få disse opp som tynnklienter på helt nye datasaler
9133 på skolene, kun med kostnaden til servere.</p>
9134
9135 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9136
9137 <p>Det er et system spesielt skreddersydd for drift av et stort antall
9138 klienter mot servere, og da spesielt i henhold til skolers behov.  Det
9139 er enkelt og billig å installere og drifte, og det trenger ikke ny
9140 maskinvare for god ytelse.</p>
9141
9142 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9143
9144 <p>Hardwarestøtten kunne vært bedre og i enda større grad
9145 installerbart rett ut av boksen.  Distribusjonen har til tider hatt
9146 litt gammel programvare pga. at den følger Debian sine utgivelser.
9147 Kanskje man skulle vurdert en versjon basert på Ubuntu eller andre
9148 distribusjoner i tillegg?</p>
9149
9150 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9151
9152 <p>Oi, det er ikke lite. Her er det jeg kommer på i farta.  Jeg bruker
9153 Linux og Ubuntu, og på Ubuntu programene Firefox, Thunderbird,
9154 Chromium, Pidgin, Digikam, OpenOffice, Wireshark, git og irssi.
9155 Telefonen min er en Android, og der bruker jeg programmene K-9 Mail,
9156 OI Shopping list, Shuffle, ZXing, OI Notepad og ADW Desktop.  På jobb
9157 bruker jeg JBoss, Eclipse, uCLinux for Blackfin, RCF-CPP, Qt, Maven,
9158 og boost-bibliotekene for C++.</p>
9159
9160 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9161 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9162
9163 <p>En bør fokusere på totalkostnader inkludert driftsbehov,
9164 fleksibilitet, åpenhet og ikke låsing til en leverandør framfor sparte
9165 lisenskostnader, samt programvarens kvalitet og fortrinn, og at den
9166 fritt kan brukes på et ubegrenset antall PC-er, også hjemme hos
9167 elevene.  En bør også forbedre den fri programvaren ved testing,
9168 bugrapportering og kodebidrag om man kan, og ikke anbefale programvare
9169 uten at man har forsikret seg at den har tilstrekkelig kvalitet,
9170 ellers kan man lett oppnå det motsatte.  Tror en bør selge inn
9171 konseptet til fylkes-/statsnivå, kanskje med bidrag til
9172 utviklingsarbeid fra disse som alle landets skoler kan få glede
9173 av.</p>
9174
9175       </div>
9176       <div class="tags">
9177
9178
9179         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9180
9181
9182       </div>
9183     </div>
9184     <div class="padding"></div>
9185
9186     <div class="entry">
9187       <div class="title">
9188         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Odin_Hetland_N_sen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Odin Hetland Nøsen</a>
9189       </div>
9190       <div class="date">
9191         28th March 2011
9192       </div>
9193       <div class="body">
9194         <p>Mine bloggposter om Linux i skolene i Norge førte til at inspektør
9195 og ildsjel på Harestad skole tok kontakt og fortalte at de bruker
9196 Linux på sin skole, og lurte på om de kunne bidra til å gjøre
9197 fordelene kjent.  Riktig nok bruker de ikke
9198 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> på denne skolen,
9199 men jeg synes dette er en god anledning til å gjøre flere fasetter
9200 rundt Linux-økosystemet kjent, og tok et lite intervju.</p>
9201
9202 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9203
9204 <p>Mitt navn er Odin Hetland Nøsen og er en 70-modell. Jeg er bosatt i
9205 Stavanger og jobber nå på 9. året som undervisninginspektør på
9206 Harestad skole i Randaberg kommune (nabokommune til Stavanger).</p>
9207
9208 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9209
9210 <p>I 2002 begynte daværende IKT-ansvarlige og jeg et arbeid på skolen
9211 med å gå over fra Win98 til... noe annet. Vi testet en rekke
9212 forskjellige løsninger, deriblant Skolelinux, men endte opp med
9213 RedHat. Skolelinux var den gang ikke modent for det vi ville ha.  Jeg
9214 har siden fulgt jevnlig med på hva skolelinux holder på med, men har
9215 hele tiden vært bedre fornøyd med vår egen "standardiserte" løsning på
9216 RedHat/CentOS og Fedora. Vi snuser for tiden på Ubuntu som løsning på
9217 klientsiden.</p>
9218
9219 <p>I dag har vi på skolen vår en større linux-løsning med 400 klienter
9220 som kjører en blanding av LTSP (tynnklient) og DRBL (tykk klient uten
9221 harddisk) med en masse tjenere på serverrommet. Vi drifter hele
9222 sulamitten selv med webtjener, eposttjener, webmail, filtjenere,
9223 virtuelle tjenere osv.  Og IT-ansvarlig har en 80% stilling som
9224 IT-ansvarlig - og så er han KoH-lærer i de resterende 20% :-)</p>
9225
9226 <p>Du kan få en ide om hva vi holder på med om du går inn på
9227 <a href="http://www.gnuskole.no/">http://www.gnuskole.no/</a>.</p>
9228
9229 <p>For å ta brodden av frykten for at ildsjeler gjør skolen sårbar om
9230 ildsjelene falle fra, har jeg forsikret kommunen og skolesjefen i
9231 Randaberg om at det finnes godt kommersielle tjenester vi kan benytte
9232 oss av - om det skulle bli nødvendig. Vi er tre stykker i kommunen som
9233 nå har <strong>god</strong> linux-kompetanse ift. å drifte et større
9234 system.  IT-avdelingen i kommunen vil ikke ta på oss med ildtang -
9235 selv om vi nok har større IT-kompetanse mot linux enn det de selv har
9236 mot windows (de kjøper en <strong>masse</strong> konsulenttjenester
9237 fra ErgoGroup).</p>
9238
9239 <p>I kvantitet er Harestad og Grødem skole tilsammen et større
9240 IT-system enn resten av Randaberg kommune + Kvitsøy og Rennesøy, som
9241 kommunen også har driftsansvar for.  Vi har som sagt rundt 800
9242 maskiner, mens kommunen med sitt driftsansvar har ansvar for rundt 500
9243 maskiner. Det er selvfølgelig litt forskjell i hvor kritiske
9244 tjenestene våre er, men det gir allikevel et litt rart bilde når
9245 IT-avdelingen overhode ikke er interessert i å snakke med oss om
9246 hvordan vi gjør ting :-)</p>
9247
9248 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9249
9250 <p>Fra linux-perspektivet (ikke bare Skolelinux) er det en fordel av
9251 systemet er basert på fri programvare - og dermed fritt i ordets mange
9252 betydninger. Det er alt vi trenger: stabilt, relativt enkelt å drifte
9253 (tross alt - et større windowssystem er ikke enkelt å holde live det
9254 heller), rimelig i innkjøp og drift, og sist, men ikke minst, det er
9255 moderne for sluttbruker! Linux, i sine mange varianter,
9256 <strong>ser</strong> nytt ut, fordi det hele tiden blir
9257 oppdatert. Derfor lever systemet opp til hvordan elever forventer at
9258 et moderne GUI skal være (i motsetning til WinXP :-).</p>
9259
9260 <p>Vi var veldig pragmatiske da vi begynte med linux i skolen. Det var
9261 billig, det fungerte og kunne bruke alle de gamle windows-maskinene
9262 som "nye" tynne klienter.  I dag er vi mer bevisste fri
9263 programvare-tilhengere.  Vi har oppdaget hva det er - og vi liker
9264 det!</p>
9265
9266 <p>En av de <strong>store</strong> fordelene med fri programvare er at
9267 vi kan installere tjenester vi ønsker å tilby brukerne våre - uten å
9268 måtte tenke på om vi har råd til lisensene (fordi det er ingen). Alt
9269 vi setter i produksjon er ut i fra brukernes behov og vår kapasitet
9270 til å drifte dem. Vi skreddersyr tjenestene etter behovet og dermed
9271 trenger vi ikke ende opp med å kjøpe en pakke der vi egentlig bare var
9272 interessert i en liten del av den.</p>
9273
9274 <p>Bruk av linux frigjør ikke økonomiske midler, fordi midlene til IKT
9275 i skole er for få i utgangspunktet - men vi får så
9276 <strong>mye</strong> mer igjen for dem når vi bruker en linux-løsning
9277 fremfor en windows-løsning. I praksis ser vi at vi måtte ut med det
9278 dobbelte på budsjettet vårt om vi skulle hatt en tilsvarende
9279 windows-løsning, som det vi i dag drifter med linux.</p>
9280
9281 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9282
9283 <p>Ikke all pedagogisk programvare er tilgjengelig. Det er en del
9284 programvare i skolen som er laget med utviklerverktøy som bare virker
9285 i windows, f.eks. Drillpro, LingDys/LingWrite. Det er også
9286 "programmer" som bare virker om du har tilgang til Microsoft Office,
9287 f.eks. AskiRaski.</p>
9288
9289 <p>Vi sliter også litt med at video-codecer ikke alltid er like lett å
9290 få opp å gå på klientene. Det er alltid en eller annen videosnutt fra
9291 nrk.no som ikke er så samarbeidsvillig, uansett mediaplayer.</p>
9292
9293 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9294
9295 <p>Alt :-) På skolen bruker vi det som finnes og som er nyttig. Det vi
9296 bruker mest er Firefox (jobber med Chrome, fordi det er
9297 <strong>mye</strong> raskere med Flash enn Firefox), OpenOffice (skal
9298 over til LibreOffice), GIMP osv. Standardpakken av
9299 sluttbrukerprogrammer.</p>
9300
9301 <p>På tjenernivå bruker vi OpenWebMail (skal over til Zimbra), Exim
9302 osv.</p>
9303
9304 <p>Personlig bruker jeg de fleste programmer over flere plattformer,
9305 men jeg har lagt meg til en vane å prioritere bruken av fri
9306 programvare også i Windows 7 og OSX.</p>
9307
9308 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9309 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9310
9311 <p>Jeg er langt i fra sikker. For det første handler det mye om at
9312 IKT-avdelingen i kommunen ofte er de som styrer hva som er IKT på
9313 skolene - og de liker å bruke avtalene med Microsoft, som de garantert
9314 har fra før.  Dessuten - Select 6-avtalen til skolene gjør Microsoft
9315 skvettbillig.</p>
9316
9317 <p>Vi la vekt på effektiv drift av systemet - og at vi kunne øke
9318 antall maskiner uten å måtte øke budsjett for utstyr eller personell
9319 særlig mye, enn om vi hadde gått for en Microsoft-løsning. I praksis
9320 ser vi at en ren linux-installasjon driftes til halve prisen av en
9321 Microsoft-løsning.</p>
9322
9323 <p>Vi har i praksis også sett at det lærerne (og elevene) liker er at
9324 vi tilbyr <strong>veldig</strong> mange tjenester som ikke er så
9325 vanlige i en Microsoft-løsning. Det er ikke så vanlig at
9326 <strong>elevene</strong> også har epost, hjemmekontor osv. Det har vi
9327 også brukt som et vellykket argument mot Microsoft.</p>
9328
9329 <p>Den beste måten er selvfølgelig at noen bare bestemmer
9330 det. Problemet er å få dem som har makt til å bestemme det til faktisk
9331 å gjøre det ;-)</p>
9332
9333       </div>
9334       <div class="tags">
9335
9336
9337         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9338
9339
9340       </div>
9341     </div>
9342     <div class="padding"></div>
9343
9344     <div class="entry">
9345       <div class="title">
9346         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Astri_Sletteng.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Astri Sletteng</a>
9347       </div>
9348       <div class="date">
9349         27th February 2011
9350       </div>
9351       <div class="body">
9352         <p>En dame som har bidratt lenge til fri programvare i skoleverket og
9353 i foreningen som organiserer skolelinux-utviklersamlinger,
9354 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, er neste
9355 intervjuoffer.  Det er en glede å her presentere en lærer fra Håkvik.</p>
9356
9357 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9358
9359 <p>Jeg heter Astri Sletteng. Jeg er lærer og IKT veileder ved Håkvik
9360 skole i Narvik kommune.  Min bakgrunn når det gjelder IKT: Av formell
9361 utdannelse har jeg lærerutdanning, Master i skoleledelse og IKT for
9362 lærere. Har jobba som IKT veileder siden 2002.</p>
9363
9364 <p>Det viktigste for meg som IKT veileder er å få fundamentert den
9365 5. basisferdigheten, digital kompetanse ved skolen min på en god måte
9366 slik at hele skolesamfunnet tar i bruk IKT i alle fag. Dette arbeidet
9367 gjøres i nært samarbeid med skolens ledelse.</p>
9368
9369 <p>Min viktigste jobb som IKT veileder er å være motivator og pådriver
9370 i IKT arbeidet ved skolen.</p>
9371
9372 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9373
9374 <p>Jobber i en kommune hvor vi satser på Fri programvare. I 2004 ble
9375 det gjort et politisk vedtak om at vi skulle innføre Skolelinux ved
9376 alle skolene i kommunen. Jeg har dermed en god del erfaring med
9377 Skolelinux, samt annen fri programvare som Open Office, Joomla, Moodle
9378 etc.</p>
9379
9380 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9381
9382 <p>Siden vi jobber med åpen kildekode kan vi få programmene og
9383 produktene tilpasset vår bruk. Det er jo heller ikke en ulempe at
9384 skolen kommer bedre ut økonomisk, men først og fremst er det viktig
9385 for oss at vi har digitale systemer som gjør at vi kan følge
9386 læreplanen i alle fag. Det syns jeg at vi kan gjøre gjennom
9387 Skolelinux.</p>
9388
9389 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9390
9391 <p>Skolen er avhengige av å ha folk på IT avdelinga i kommunen som kan
9392 drive support, og være tilgjengelige når vi trenger hjelp. Det er en
9393 ulempe at ikke alle på denne avdelingen nødvendigvis er god på
9394 Linux.</p>
9395
9396 <p>Vi har også noen utfordringer når det kommer til spesielle
9397 programmer som enkelte elever er avhengige av ? og som ikke er
9398 plattform uavhengige. Her har vi i Friprog-verden, men også
9399 departement en jobb å gjøre.</p>
9400
9401 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9402
9403 <p>Skolen vår bruker Skolelinux, Open Office, Iceweazel (Mozilla),
9404 VLC, Tux paint, Scribus, FreeMind, GIMP, digiKam, Ksnapshot, GeoGebra,
9405 Moodle (innført på alle klassetrinn + som et administrativt verktøy)
9406 og Joomla som hjemmeside.<p>
9407
9408 <p>Det er de jeg kommer på i farten. I tillegg har vi Smartboard
9409 installert på server, men det regnes vel ikke som fri programvare?</p>
9410
9411 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9412 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9413
9414 <p>Først og fremst trenger skolen oppetider på sine datasystemer. Syns
9415 også at det at vi kan få tilpasset plattform og systemer til vår bruk
9416 er en god strategi å bruke.</p>
9417
9418       </div>
9419       <div class="tags">
9420
9421
9422         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9423
9424
9425       </div>
9426     </div>
9427     <div class="padding"></div>
9428
9429     <div class="entry">
9430       <div class="title">
9431         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Rub_n_Romero_y_Cordero.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Rubén Romero y Cordero</a>
9432       </div>
9433       <div class="date">
9434         16th February 2011
9435       </div>
9436       <div class="body">
9437         <p>Styret i foreningen som organiserer skolelinux-utviklersamlinger,
9438 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, er fullt av
9439 flinke folk.  Denne gangen har jeg fått et ferskt styremedlem som
9440 kommer fra Ubuntu-miljøet i tale.</p>
9441
9442 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9443
9444 <p>Rubén Romero y Cordero, 81-modell, deltidspappa (50%) for en jente
9445 på 6 år. Jobber i Oslo som Global Sales Executive hos Varnish Software
9446 og til daglig har jeg kontakt med kunder fra hele verden. Min
9447 forkjærlighet for fri programvare har gjort at jeg har nå flere års
9448 erfaring med salg av slike løsninger (bl.a. fra Redpill Linpro og
9449 Freecode) og mye innsikt og kunnskap om det globale IT-markedet.
9450 Ellers er jeg involvert i flere prosjekter bl.a. er jeg Ubuntu
9451 Community medlem, kontaktpersonen for Ubuntu Norge og driveren av
9452 SpreadUbuntu marketing prosjektet og nå fersk styremedlem i FRISK. Jeg
9453 har brukt GNU/Linux siden 1997.</p>
9454
9455 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9456
9457 <p>Som Debian bruker siden slutten av 90-tallet var det uunngåelig å
9458 ikke komme bort i Skolelinux. Dette var vel i slutten av 2001 når jeg
9459 var student ved UiO. Flere år senere fikk jeg lastet og testet Venus
9460 (Skolelinux 1.0) på release dagen.</p>
9461
9462 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9463
9464 <p>Fri programvare bygges sten for sten i det åpne, slik at koden og
9465 prosessen den lages på kan gjennomskues av andre enn de som har laget
9466 det. Det er et vitenskapelig og gjennomsiktig måte å lage programvare
9467 på.</p>
9468
9469 <p>Skoler i vårt samfunn skal være steder hvor vitenskapelig kunnskap
9470 deles til alle.  I dag har vi ikke et vitenskapelig tilnærming til
9471 hvordan programvaren som brukes på skolen lages. Skolelinux bringer
9472 inn at slik tilnærming i skoleverkets klasserom, siden
9473 operativsystemet er en åpent platform som gir skolene muligheten til å
9474 dra nytte av programvare som er laget av tusenvis av mennesker verden
9475 rundt og som gir elevene så vel som lærerne muligheten til å bruke,
9476 dele, forandre og forbedre OSet sitt uten begrensninger. I den
9477 forbindelsen representerer Skolelinux også konkrete resultater utfra
9478 samhandling på tvers av grenser.</p>
9479
9480 <p>Når det gjelder de tekniske fordelene av Skolelinux er jeg sikker
9481 på at andre enn meg har allerede beskrevet disse bedre enn det jeg
9482 kan.  Men jeg kan likevel tilføye noe: Skolelinux som sådan er en
9483 community-drevet operativsystemplatform. Som i ethvert
9484 community-prosjekt har alle Skolelinux brukere muligheten til å
9485 påvirke retning av prosjektet og resultatet som gjenspeiles i
9486 programvaren. Dette kommer sjeldent frem og jeg mener at det er noe
9487 som burde fokuseres mer på.</p>
9488
9489 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9490
9491 <p>De største ulempene er:</p>
9492
9493 <ul>
9494 <li>Mangel på kompetanse</li>
9495 <li>Mangel av administrative verktøy som kunne hjelpe lokale IT
9496   avdelinger å bruke Skolelinux til mer enn bare en tjener for
9497   terminalklienter. Et eksempel: Zentyal sin web-dashboard.</li>
9498 </ul>
9499
9500 <p>Bedre og mer intuitive administrative verktøy kunne løst deler av
9501 problemet, men det er unektelig at ved bruk av Skolelinux må
9502 IT-personalet vite hva de gjør for å få ting gjort riktig, eller i det
9503 hele tatt. Med andre platformer er kompetansen enklere tilgjengelig og
9504 løsningene kan fungere på en tilfredstillende, om ikke riktig
9505 måte.</p>
9506
9507 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9508
9509 <p>Har brukt GNU/Linux utelukkende sommitt skrivebord OS siden 2000. I
9510 dag bruker jeg Ubuntu og gjør det meste med friprogramvare verktøyene
9511 som er tilgjengelige der. Med over 20.000 programmer å velge mellom er
9512 dette mer enn nok for de fleste brukerne.</p>
9513
9514 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9515 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9516
9517 <p>Opplysning og pragmatikk.  Vi prøver å løse problemer med bruk av
9518 programvare. De fleste utfordringene skolene har på IKT-siden kan
9519 løses ved hjelp av friprogramvareverktøy i dag. Det som trenges er
9520 opplysning, kunnskap og kompetanse.</p>
9521
9522       </div>
9523       <div class="tags">
9524
9525
9526         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9527
9528
9529       </div>
9530     </div>
9531     <div class="padding"></div>
9532
9533     <div class="entry">
9534       <div class="title">
9535         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Morten_Amundsen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Morten Amundsen</a>
9536       </div>
9537       <div class="date">
9538         23rd January 2011
9539       </div>
9540       <div class="body">
9541         <p>Denne gangen er det Tromsøkontoret til Friprog-senteret, og nyvalgt
9542 styremedlem i <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen
9543 FRISK</a> jeg har fått i tale i min intervjuserie med
9544 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-folk.</p>
9545
9546 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9547
9548 <p>Jeg heter Morten Amundsen og jobber i
9549 <a href="http://www.friprog.no/">Friprog.no</a>, men er for tiden leid
9550 ut til <a href="http://www.bredbandsfylket.no/">Bredbåndsfylket
9551 Troms</a> der jeg jobber med ett prosjekt som heter
9552 "<a href="http://www.bredbandsfylket.no/skolefjoela.157417.no.html">Skolefjøla</a>"
9553 Vi ser på en åpen løsning som integrerer eksisterende lukkete
9554 løsninger sammen med fri programvare. Målet er å gi elever og lærere
9555 en plattform som de kan tilpasse utfra behov.</p>
9556
9557 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9558
9559 <p>Skolelinux har jeg møtt ved flere anledninger opp gjennom åra, både gjennom
9560 entusiastiske skolelinuxbrukere og skeptiske "forståsegpåere" :-)</p>
9561
9562 <p>Jeg husker en leverandør av et stort OS for noen år siden mente at
9563 Skolelinux var kun for hackere og nerder og at ingen seriøse skoler
9564 kunne ta dette i bruk.  Heldigvis er kunnskapen større nå og
9565 skikkelige "IT-folk" søker alltid å utvide sin kunnskap.
9566
9567 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9568
9569 <p>Ja det er mange fordeler. Uavhengighet, stabilitet, åpenhet, standarder
9570 osv. Tror det er viktig at man ikke begrenser mulighetene på den plattformen
9571 elevene skal jobbe.</p>
9572
9573 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9574
9575 <p>Det største hinderet er det vi opplever på andre områder rundt
9576 fri programvare, nemlig kunnskap. For mange er det trygt å velge det vi
9577 alltid har valgt. Fordi leverandørene rundt oss sitter på den kunnskapen og
9578 de vi støtter oss på har den samme.  Hvis vi klarer å riste løs litt og
9579 glemme gamle kriger mellom operativsystemer og  leverandører, men sette ned
9580 hva som er viktig og velge ut fra det, så hadde man kanskje kommet ut med
9581 litt andre resultat. Jeg tror IT-folk er konservative og velger tradisjonelt
9582 og det er synd.</p>
9583
9584 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9585
9586 <p>Jeg bruker Ubuntu, Android, Jolicloud, Open Office, Zimbra, Picasa
9587 og Firefox samt en bråte med tjenester som er webbasert. Det eneste
9588 som er betalingslisens for er OSX.  Ser at jeg jobber mer og mer i
9589 skyen og setter pris på alt jeg slipper egen klient til.  Derfor er
9590 jeg veldig sjarmert av små kjappe operativsystemer som krever minimalt
9591 av maskinvaren.</p>
9592
9593 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9594 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9595
9596 <p>Tror en blanding av krav og informasjon er veien å gå. Krav om
9597 sikkerhet, oppetid og åpne standarder.  Informasjon om muligheter og
9598 alternativer. Her har leverandører, IT-avdelinger og pedagoger en vei
9599 å gå sammen. Det er til slutt LÆRING det dreier seg om, og da må man
9600 få mest mulig læring for pengene man har.</p>
9601
9602       </div>
9603       <div class="tags">
9604
9605
9606         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9607
9608
9609       </div>
9610     </div>
9611     <div class="padding"></div>
9612
9613     <div class="entry">
9614       <div class="title">
9615         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Sturle_Sunde.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Sturle Sunde</a>
9616       </div>
9617       <div class="date">
9618         19th January 2011
9619       </div>
9620       <div class="body">
9621         <p>Denne gang har jeg fått tak i en mangeårig unix-mann som etter
9622 mange år ved Universitetet i Oslo, der jeg først traff ham, har
9623 flyttet tilbake til vestlandet, og der bidratt til å revitalisere
9624 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-oppsettet i
9625 Florø.</p>
9626
9627 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9628
9629 <p>Sturle Sunde, ansvarleg for skulenettet i Flora kommune.  Eg driv,
9630 vidareutviklar og er andrelinje brukarstøtte for datanettet ved
9631 skulane i Flora kommune.  10 skular og meir enn 700 maskiner med
9632 Linux, medrekna tynnklientar.  Tidlegare jobba eg i mange år med
9633 unix-drift ved Universitetets senter for informasjonsteknologi ved
9634 Universitetet i Oslo.</p>
9635
9636 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9637
9638 <p>Det er vanskeleg å svare konkret på.  Eg har drive med Unix og Linux i
9639 alle år, og Skulelinux er eit godt kjent prosjekt i miljøet.  Det var
9640 først i 2008, då eg tok til i min noverande jobb, at eg fekk bruk for
9641 Skulelinux for alvor.</p>
9642
9643 <p>Jobben min skulle vere drift av eit nytt skulenett i Flora kommune,
9644 levert av eit firma eg ikkje vil reklamere for.  Systemet skulle vere
9645 ferdig levert i september året før.  Dette viste seg å ta mykje lenger
9646 tid, og i haustferien 2008 hadde dei endå ikkje klart å få opp ei
9647 fungerande løysing.  Situasjonen var prekær for den største skulen i
9648 kommunen med meir enn 500 elevar på ungdomssteget.  Skulen hadde brukt
9649 Skulelinux før, og var tilfredse med det.  No hadde dei vore utan
9650 fungerande datasystem i nesten eit år.  Difor fekk eg opp ein ny tenar
9651 utanfor prosjektet og installerte Skulelinux på den.  Etter litt
9652 justering av konfigurasjonen med god hjelp av #skolelinux på IRC, var
9653 den nye tenaren oppe og gjekk med både tynne og halv-tjukke klientar.
9654 Autentisering gjekk mot det nye systemet, slik at elevar og lærarar
9655 framleis har same brukarnamn og passord over alt.  Dette berre
9656 fungerte, og vi bestemte oss for å erstatte delar av løysinga vi
9657 skulle få levert med Skulelinux.</p>
9658
9659 <p>Det høyrer med til historia at det nye systemet eg skulle drive frå
9660 januar 2008 endå ikkje er ferdig levert.  Dei jobbar med saka, seier
9661 dei, og har von om å fullføre leveransen i løpet av 2011.</p>
9662
9663 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9664
9665 <p>Det er veldig mange.  Eg skal ta nokre få.</p>
9666
9667 <p>Den viktigaste fordelen er at det igrunn berre er ei maskin å passe
9668 på, og det er tenaren.  Med andre løysingar har ein gjerne programvare
9669 og anna som skal vedlikehaldast på kvar enkelt maskin.  Med Skulelinux
9670 kan alle feil rettast og alle program oppgraderast på alle maskiner
9671 samstundes ved å gjere endringa som må til på tenaren.  Eg kan sitje
9672 på kontoret og passe på alle tenarane i kommunen derifrå.</p>
9673
9674 <ul>
9675
9676 <li>Tynne klientar gjer det mogleg å bruke eldre utstyr lenge, so lenge
9677 tenaren er sterk nok.  Ein liten tenar med eit par halv-moderne CPUar
9678 og 2 GiB RAM held lenge for eit typisk klasserom med 30 tynnklientar,
9679 og det er lett å utvide med fleire.
9680
9681 <li>Halvtjukke klientar gjer det mogleg å utnytte kapasiteten i litt
9682 nyare maskiner betre, og avlaste tenaren.  Ingenting vert installert
9683 lokalt på desse heller, og harddisken kan gjerne koblast frå.  Gode
9684 halvtjukke klientar kan kjøpast brukt for under 1000-lappen, og det er
9685 heile kostnaden.  Ingen lisensar eller anna på toppen, og det er ikkje
9686 krav til kraftigare tenar heller.
9687
9688 <li>Det er Linux.  Vi har ikkje noko kluss med drivarar, dei berre er
9689 der.  Heller ikkje med virus, dei finst i realiteten ikkje.  Eller med
9690 elevar som klussar med installert programvare, for dei klarar ikkje å
9691 øydeleggje for nokon andre enn seg sjølve.
9692
9693 </ul>
9694
9695 <p>Skulelinux er lagt opp til å vere veldig lett å installere rett ut
9696 av boksen på ein heil skule av ein interessert lærar.  Det er ofte ei
9697 god løysing for skulen.  Å ha nokon til stades som kjenner systemet og
9698 kan forklare enkle ting eller løyse problem der og då, er uvurderleg
9699 viktig for ein stressa lærar fem minutt før det ringer inn.</p>
9700
9701 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9702
9703 <p>All den ferdige konfigurasjonen gjer det tungvint å tilpasse
9704 Skulelinux til eit system som skal fungere saman med mange andre
9705 installasjonar i eit felles datanett for skulane i ein kommune.  Det
9706 heile er prekonfigurert for ein skule, og utviding til mange skular
9707 med eigne tenarar er ikkje berre enkelt.</p>
9708
9709 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9710
9711 <p>Eg brukar mest alle små hjelpeprogram som føl med operativsystemet,
9712 samt scriptspråket perl.  Elles er Firefox/Iceweasel, Gnome-terminal
9713 og ssh i kontinuerleg bruk.  Av Linux-distribusjonar brukar eg både
9714 Debian, Ubuntu, SuSE og RedHat dagleg.  Eg prøvar å finne det verktyet
9715 som passar best til kvar del av jobben.</p>
9716
9717 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9718 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9719
9720 <p>Det er to målgrupper ein må sikte mot.  Det eine er alle skulane som
9721 manglar eller har eit lite tilfredsstillande opplegg i dag, og ikkje
9722 har råd til å kjøpe noko nytt og blankpussa opplegg.  Der er det om å
9723 gjere å gjere det enkelt for skulane å finne Skulelinux, og gjere det
9724 enkelt for dei å få hjelp til installasjon på skulen.  Gjerne med
9725 lokale kontaktpersonar.  Her er det dugnadsinnsats som må til, for
9726 desse skulane har ikkje råd til å betale for dette.</p>
9727
9728 <p>Den andre og kanskje viktigare målgruppa er dei meir eller mindre
9729 profesjonelle kundane.  Alle store offentlege innkjøp, inkludert
9730 innkjøp av nytt datasystem for skular, må ut på offentleg anbod.
9731 Offentlege anbod er mykje meir lukka enn dei gjev inntrykk av, og både
9732 regelboka og boka med triks for å sminke tilbodet er tjukk.  Det er
9733 vanskeleg å komme inn utan eit solid salsapparat i ryggen.  Kanskje
9734 Skulelinux skulle prøve aktivt å få seg eit partnarskap med eit av dei
9735 store som gjerne vil sterkare inn på den offentlege IT-marknaden?
9736 Nokon som kjenner triksa og har krefter til å ta opp kampen mot både
9737 dårlege anbod og Rudolf Blostrupmoen IT AS.  Leveranse til skulane i
9738 ein kommune er ein god måte å få ein fot inn døra som leverandør til
9739 ein lukrativ kommunemarknad som kjøper alle tenester.  Ta kontakt med
9740 nokon som er passeleg store og ikkje er Microsoft-partnar, og fortell:
9741 «Vi har eit ferdig produkt som du kan selje.  Nei vi skal ikkje ha for
9742 det.  Du kan gjerne gjere kva du vil med det, berre vi får lov til å
9743 hjelpe deg.  Målgruppa er alle kommunar, og det er noko dei vil ha.
9744 Det er eit godt produkt, brukt av mange og godt likt.»</p>
9745
9746       </div>
9747       <div class="tags">
9748
9749
9750         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9751
9752
9753       </div>
9754     </div>
9755     <div class="padding"></div>
9756
9757     <div class="entry">
9758       <div class="title">
9759         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Embrik_Kaslegard.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Embrik Kaslegard</a>
9760       </div>
9761       <div class="date">
9762         16th January 2011
9763       </div>
9764       <div class="body">
9765         <p>Neste ut i min intervjuserie med folk i
9766 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a> er
9767 lærer, mangeårig bidragsyter på epostlistene og tidligere
9768 Skolelinux-administrator på en skole i Hemsedal.</p>
9769
9770 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9771
9772 <p>Embrik Kaslegard, 1964-modell, fire barn (7-20 år). Begynte som
9773 lærer i 1989 - har hatt IKT-ansvar siden første året i jobb. Har
9774 jobbet som lærer/IKT-ansvarlig uavbrutt siden 1989. Jobbet med
9775 Skolelinux fra 2004 til 2010. Nå har jeg fått ny arbeidsplass og er
9776 40% lærer og 60% IKT med Windows XP, Win2003 server og et regionalt
9777 IKT-regime som legger premissene og begrensingene for hva vi kan gjøre
9778 på skolen.</p>
9779
9780 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9781
9782 <p>Jeg leste en artikkel om en dugnadsinstallasjon av Skolelinux på en
9783 skole på Jæren et sted. Tanken om dugnad og frihet appellerte til
9784 meg. Da vi skulle bygge ny skole var det en del vi måtte spare på,
9785 fordi vi beveget oss mot en kostnadssprekk. Kabling og investering i
9786 PC-er var en av tingene vi sparte på. Derfor kjøpe vi 72 pc-er for 390
9787 pr stk. En filtjener og en applikasjonsserver.</p>
9788
9789 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9790
9791 <p>Fordelen er at så mye er satt opp fra starten. I tillegg er det
9792 tydelig at pakka er laga for skoleverket. Brukerne har egne
9793 skrivebord, tilgang på mange gode verktøyprogrammer. Vi slipper å
9794 tenke på virus. Brukerne har ikke mulighet til å ødelegge
9795 klientoppsett, men har gode muligheter til å endre eget oppsett. Dette
9796 tror jeg er inspirerende og kjekt for mange brukere.  Mappestrukturen
9797 er ferdig og det er "enkelt" å designe lokale mappestrukturer via
9798 skeleton.  Noen av oss i skoleverket mener skolen skal være en
9799 "mot-kultur". Da er Skolelinux et av valgene man kan ta. Et annet er å
9800 spise på indisk restaurant i stedet for Mc Donald's når vi er på bytur
9801 osv.. Ordene deling, frihet, dugnad osv er positive ord i
9802 skoleverket. Det er viktig at elevene blir bevisst dette.</p>
9803
9804 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9805
9806 <p>Kompabiliteten er selvsagt et problem, selv om det er mindre nå enn
9807 før.  For IKT-personer på skolene som skal drifte dette er det
9808 problematisk med kommandoer i terminalen.  I tillegg er det alt for
9809 mange programmer i Skolelinux som ikke blir brukt.  Jeg tror
9810 Skolelinux er tjent med å tone ned begrepet pedagogisk programvare.
9811 Slik jeg ser det finnes ikke denne kategorien programmer lengre slik
9812 de gjorde før, som frittsående programmer som installeres på en
9813 datamaskin eller på serveren.  Det finnes en del spesialpedagogiske
9814 programmer, som Textpilot, LingDys, LingRight, AskiRaski, Ny i Norge
9815 osv.  Men dette er programmer for enkelt-elever eller små grupper av
9816 elever.  Det som bør være fokus er at alle undervisningsressurser som
9817 lages for nettet skal være nettleseruavhengig.</p>
9818
9819 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9820
9821 <p>OpenOffice bruker jeg til vanlig kontorarbeide.  VLC bruker jeg som
9822 videoavspiller og av og til streaming av film.  Gimp bruker jeg i
9823 undervisningen til bildemanipulering. Firefox og Chrome er mine
9824 favoritt-nettlesere.  Firefox har lenge vært førstevalget mitt, nå
9825 bruker jeg mest Chrome.  Opplever den som raskere og smidigere enn
9826 Firefox.  Ubuntu bruker jeg som dualboot på jobb-maskinen min i
9827 tillegg til at alle PCer hjemme har en eller annen Ubuntu-distribusjon
9828 installert.  Jeg bruker Clonezilla på Ubuntu 10.04 til kloning av
9829 datamaskiner på jobb.  Det er selvsagt en haug andre frie programmer
9830 jeg bruker men jeg bruker dem ikke daglig.  Jeg kan ramse opp:
9831 recordmydesktop, cinelerra, acidrip, soundjuicer, audacity, NX
9832 (no-machine), Kino, Rythmbox...</p>
9833
9834 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9835 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9836
9837 <p>Jeg tror oppsøkende virksomhet er den rette strategien.
9838 Ressurspersoner gjør avtaler med rådmenn, skolesjefer, rektorer.  Det
9839 er slik konkurrentene gjør det.  Fokuset i slike samtaler bør være
9840 kost-nytte.  Dersom personer med økonomisk ansvar ser at de kan få
9841 like godt tilbud til mindre utgifter, tror jeg det er mulighet til å
9842 få innpass.  Dersom de også kan få konkrete tilbud på drift i slike
9843 samtaler, vil de kanskje bli litt mer interesserte i hvor mye penger
9844 som faktisk går til IKT i skolene.  Det er også viktig at vi ikke
9845 firer for mye på krav til datamaskiner.  Det er flott at Skolelinux
9846 går på "utrangert" utstyr, men dette bør bare presenteres som et
9847 alternativ.  Skolelinux-installasjoner med utrangert utstyr er ikke å
9848 foretrekke dersom man kan unngå det. Det skaper ikke entusiasme hos
9849 brukerne (elever og lærere) når de bruker gamle datamaskiner som går
9850 tregt.  Det er kjempefint med skoler som har kommet seg frem til
9851 Skolelinux og fri programvare av seg selv, men de lever på nåde.
9852 Slike valg må fundamenteres hos skoleeier.</p>
9853
9854 <p>Oppdatering 2011-01-16 22:40: Oppdatert svarene for de tre siste
9855 spørsmålene litt mer tekst fra Embrik.</p>
9856
9857       </div>
9858       <div class="tags">
9859
9860
9861         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9862
9863
9864       </div>
9865     </div>
9866     <div class="padding"></div>
9867
9868     <div class="entry">
9869       <div class="title">
9870         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Viggo_Fedreheim.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Viggo Fedreheim</a>
9871       </div>
9872       <div class="date">
9873         12th January 2011
9874       </div>
9875       <div class="body">
9876         <p>Jeg fortsetter min intervjuserie med folk i
9877 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a>.  Denne
9878 gang er det en av folkene som har vært med lenge og som har tatt i
9879 bruk Skolelinux på alle skolene i Narvik kommune som skal i ilden.
9880 Han er styremedlem i
9881 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen
9882 FRISK</a>.</p>
9883
9884 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9885
9886 <p>Mitt navn er Viggo Fedreheim, og jeg er pedagogisk og teknisk
9887 IKT-veileder for alle skoler i Narvik kommune.  Jeg drifter totalt 17
9888 servere basert på Skolelinux og Debian. Jeg holder i tillegg noen kurs
9889 mellom all driftingen. For tiden arbeider jeg med en sentral
9890 LDAP-tjener for alle skoleservere samt våre Moodle- og
9891 Joomla-installasjoner.</p>
9892
9893 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9894
9895 <p>Gjennom en eller annen nettavis i 2001 der var det skrevet om
9896 Skolelinux.  Artikkelen ga meg lyst til å prøve ut systemet.</p>
9897
9898 <p>Det startet i 2002 ved at jeg installerte en av de første utgavene
9899 av Skolelinux på en standard pc på Solneset skole i Tromsø.  Denne var
9900 oppe fram til desember 2003 da jeg sluttet på den skolen og begynte i
9901 ny jobb i Narvik kommune.</p>
9902
9903 <p> I Narvik kommune var det i 2004 kun 2 servere på da totalt 15
9904 skoler. Disse var Windows NT baserte. På disse to skolene var det lite
9905 med maskiner.  Jobben med å få Narvik Kommune opp på akseptabelt nivå
9906 virket å være formidabel.  Men med hjelp av gode kollegaer og leder
9907 skrev jeg en IKT plan for Narvik kommune som ble vedtatt av politikere
9908 i august 2004. I denne planen ble det bestemt at Narvik kommune skulle
9909 bruke Skolelinux.  Her ble det også satt av midler til kabling av god
9910 infrastruktur på alle skoler samt innkjøp av nye datamaskiner.  Så i
9911 dag har vi 17 servere hvorav 13 er på Skolelinux, med ca 1500 klienter
9912 basert på tynne, "halvtykke" og et stort antall bærbare pcer basert på
9913 Kubuntu.</p>
9914
9915 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9916
9917 <p>Lisenskostnader, driftkostnader og hardwarekrav som er mye lavere
9918 enn for andre systemer.</p>
9919
9920 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9921
9922 <p>Pedagogiske programvare som ikke fungerer mot Linux. En Stoooor
9923 flaskehals og som gjør at Linux kanskje ikke blir valgt andre
9924 plasser.</p>
9925
9926 <p>Eksempler er Relemo, Lindys (lingit sine programmer), 5plus
9927 (matematikk).  Disse er programmer som ikke lar seg kjøre i Linux.</p>
9928
9929 <p> Men det ser ut for at mange leverandører går over til mer
9930 nettbaserte programmer istedet for å installere lokalt.  Dette med
9931 enkelte leverandører som ikke kan levere programmer til Linux er et
9932 lite problem og over tid tror jeg at denne barrieren er borte.</p>
9933
9934 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9935
9936 <p>Kjører Kubuntu på laptoper, Debian squeeze på stasjonær
9937 kontorpc. Ut over dette arbeder jeg svært mye via konsoll mot andre
9938 servere.</p>
9939
9940       </div>
9941       <div class="tags">
9942
9943
9944         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9945
9946
9947       </div>
9948     </div>
9949     <div class="padding"></div>
9950
9951     <div class="entry">
9952       <div class="title">
9953         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Arnt_Ove_Gregersen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Arnt Ove Gregersen</a>
9954       </div>
9955       <div class="date">
9956          9th January 2011
9957       </div>
9958       <div class="body">
9959         <p>Inspirert av
9960 <a href="http://raphaelhertzog.com/tag/interview/">intervjurunden</a>
9961 som Raphael Hertzog har startet med folk i Debianprosjektet, fikk jeg
9962 lyst til å gjøre det samme med folk i
9963 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a>.  Håpet
9964 er at de som til daglig bidrar til å fremme fri programvare i
9965 skoleverket og utvikler en linux-distribusjon spesiallaget for
9966 skolebruk kan bli bedre kjent og kanskje inspirere flere til å bidra
9967 til Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
9968
9969 <p>Først ut er nyvalgt leder i
9970 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen FRISK</a> som
9971 organiserer utviklingen av Skolelinux-distribusjonen.  FRISK trenger
9972 alltid flere medlemmer, så
9973 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/index.php?page=signup">meld
9974 deg gjerne inn</a> hvis du vil støtte oss.</p>
9975
9976 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9977
9978 <p><!-- Mitt navn er Arnt Ove Gregersen, jeg er en småbarnfar på 32 år som
9979 for tiden bor Trondheim. -->
9980 Mitt navn er Arnt Ove Gregersen, jeg er 32 år og bor for tiden i Trondheim.
9981
9982 Her jobber jeg som systemutvikler i et firma
9983 som heter <a href="http://www.geomatikk-ikt.no/">Geomatikk IKT AS</a>,
9984 hvor jeg er på et Vegmeldings-prosjekt for Statens Vegvesen. På
9985 fritiden er jeg styreleder i FRISK (Fri programvare i skolen) og
9986 bidrar til bl.a. Skolelinux-prosjektet når jeg får tid til det. Det er
9987 primært hjemmesiden til Skolelinux-prosjektet og
9988 <a href="http://linuxveiviseren.no/">Linux-veiviseren</a> jeg har
9989 jobbet med her, men jeg har også gjort en del arbeid i forhold til
9990 FRISK sin hjemmeside.</p>
9991
9992 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9993
9994 <p>Jeg var på en presentasjon av prosjektet i regi av Knut Yrvin på
9995 Gløshaugen i Trondheim, hvor jeg fattet stor interesse for prosjektet
9996 og ville hjelpe til så godt jeg kunne.  Dette var vel i 2002 eller
9997 2003.</p>
9998
9999 <p>Jeg hadde fra før hørt om prosjektet fra før og syntes tanken bak var
10000 ganske fin, men hadde ikke noen interesse av bruke min egen fritid på
10001 det selv.</p>
10002
10003 <p>I etterkant av presentasjonen startet jeg og noen andre fra
10004 Trondheim "Skolelinux-prosjektet i Sør-Trøndelag" . Hvor vi var med å
10005 bidra til at Trondheim kommune satte igang Selsbakk ungdomskole som et
10006 pilotprosjekt med Skolelinux, som egentlig var og er en stor suksess,
10007 men det virker ut som det ikke skjer noe mer på. I tillegg var vi med
10008 på dugnad på Brundalen videregående skole hvor vi installerte
10009 Skolelinux som såvidt jeg vet fortsatt kjører på Skolelinux.</p>
10010
10011 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
10012
10013 <p>Det bygger på fri programvare og har lav kostnad i forhold til
10014 nytteverdien. Dette fordi det har forholdsvis lav inngangsum og bruker
10015 en arkitektur med sentral-drift som gir mange driftfordeler.  I
10016 tillegg vil det kunne frigjøre kostnader for skolene slik at de kan
10017 bruke dem til å ansette f,eks flere lærere om det er ønskelig.</p>
10018
10019 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
10020
10021 <P>Ikke all pedagogisk programvare er tilgjengelig der, som f.eks
10022 Drillpro om jeg ikke husker feil.</p>
10023
10024 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
10025
10026 <p>Til utvikling av Java-applikasjoner og Android bruker jeg Eclipse og
10027 Quanta til web-utvikling via php. For all bildebehandling bruker jeg
10028 GIMP og Blender til 3d-modellering . Dessverre har Blender en bratt
10029 læringskurve i starten, men det er absolutt verdt det.
10030
10031 <p>Til musikk bruker jeg stort Rhytmbox. Firefox til surfing på nettet og
10032 Thunderbird og Evolution til e-post,
10033
10034 <p>På database-siden bruker jeg PostgreSQL, Postgis og av og til Mysql.
10035
10036 <p>Når jeg får tid til å spille bruker jeg som regel et strategi-spill
10037 som er basert på TA Spring-motoren (springrts.com), her er det et
10038 veldig bra utvalg av gratis spill som er av høy kvalitet. Veldig lett
10039 å bli hektet :)</p>
10040
10041       </div>
10042       <div class="tags">
10043
10044
10045         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
10046
10047
10048       </div>
10049     </div>
10050     <div class="padding"></div>
10051
10052     <div class="entry">
10053       <div class="title">
10054         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Inspirerende_fra_en_ukjent_Skolelinux_skole.html">Inspirerende fra en ukjent Skolelinux-skole</a>
10055       </div>
10056       <div class="date">
10057          4th January 2011
10058       </div>
10059       <div class="body">
10060         <p>Følgende inspirerende historie fant jeg i
10061 <a href="http://www.digi.no/php/ny_debatt.php?id=858869#innlegg_770926">kommentarfeltet
10062 hos digi.no</a> i forbindelse med en trist sak om hvordan
10063 <a href="http://www.digi.no/858869/datakaos-etter-linux-satsing">skolen
10064 i Hemsedal har fått ødelagt</a> sin Skolelinux-installasjon.  Jeg har
10065 fikset endel åpenbare skrivefeil for lesbarhetens skyld.</p>
10066
10067 <blockquote>
10068 <p><strong>Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
10069 <br>av Inspektør Siri (gjest)
10070
10071 <p>Kommunen min har to omtrent jevnstore tettsteder, og en
10072 ungdomsskole i hvert av tettstedene. Den minste av disse har ca 300
10073 elever og til denne sogner det 3 barneskoler. Den største har ca 350
10074 elever og til denne sogner det 4 barneskoler.</p>
10075
10076 <ul>
10077
10078 <li>Kommunen har i veldig lang tid forsømt IKT i skolen, og det har
10079 bare blitt gitt smuler i ny og ne. Det er kun den største av
10080 ungdomsskolene som har hatt en skikkelig datapark, og dette takket
10081 være en naturfaglærer som ble lei av å vente på kommunen. Det gjorde
10082 at vi bestemte oss for å ta ting i egne hender, og da vha
10083 skolelinux. En testinstallasjon med 10 gamle PCer ble gjort, og vi så
10084 raskt at dette var veldig lovende. Neste etappe var å gi alle lærere
10085 egen PC på arbeidsplassene sine (2004), og så sette opp 16 PCer på to
10086 datarom. Vi har kun basert oss på å kjøpe inn brukte maskiner, og
10087 aldri dyrere enn 1000 kr pr klient. For to år siden så hadde vi
10088 klienter i alle klasserom, og totalt hadde vi da rundt 250 stk. Rundt
10089 40 klienter brukes av lærerne og kjører på en egen server. Elvene har
10090 resten, og kjører også en egen server. Servere har vi også kjøpt
10091 brukt, 2 år gamle servere koster 6-7000 kroner.</li>
10092
10093 <li>Skolen vår er et relativt gammelt bygg, men en meget dyktig
10094 vaktmester har sammen med IKT-ansvarlig/Naturfaglærer lagt kabler til alle
10095 rom. Gradvis har vi byttet ut billige svitsjer med mer solide saker
10096 som er mulig å fjernstyre.</li>
10097
10098 <li>Vi har i all hovedsak greid å få dette til over eget budsjett, men
10099 vi har også passet på å få penger når de andre skolene har fått
10100 bærbare PCer til lærere osv.</li>
10101
10102 <li>Vår IKT-ansvarlig har gjort (og gjør) en fenomenal jobb, og vi har
10103 en maskinpark som de andre av kommunens skoler bare kan drømme
10104 om.</li>
10105
10106 </ul>
10107
10108 <p>Så skjer det som ofte skjer. Det kommer en eller annen
10109 selger/blåruss og skal fikse ALT. I vårt tilfelle betyr dette også
10110 sentralisering av drift. Den ny-ansatte på kommunens IT-avdelingen
10111 skal også ha jobb, og ser for seg å ta over skoledriften. Kommunen
10112 kjøper inn eksterne driftstjenester, og nekter i samme slengen å ta
10113 hensyn til skolen vår. Dette til tross for at vi alene har like mange
10114 datamaskiner som de andre til sammen. </p>
10115
10116 <ul>
10117
10118 <li>Det blir krevd at vi skal innlemmes i de kommunale systemet, og
10119 det er VI som får ansvar for at dette kommer på plass. Og det er her
10120 de horrible tingene begynner å skje. </li>
10121
10122 <li>Det settes opp en lukket Exchange server som gjør av vi ikke kan
10123 hente epost for våre ansatte. Og det kreves at vi finner løsning på
10124 dette.</li>
10125
10126 <li>Det velges sak arkivsystem som vi pålegges å bruke, noe som gjør
10127 at vi må bruke en terminalløsning mot kommunal server. Ikke i seg selv
10128 et problem i følge IKT-ansvarlig hos oss. Men kommunens IT-avd nektet
10129 faktisk å åpne de porter OSV som vi måtte bruke.</li>
10130
10131 <li>Vi blir pålagt å flytte på innsiden av det kommunale
10132 nettverket. Dette gjorde at vi mistet hjemmekontor for lærere og
10133 elever. Å få åpnet porter i kommunal brannmur var ikke
10134 aktuelt. Mulighet for fjerndrift ble også vekk i samme slengen. </li>
10135
10136 <li>Vår LMS Moodle er ikke mulig å nå for elevene og lærerne.
10137
10138 </ul>
10139
10140 <p>Den andre ungdomsskolen i kommunen begynner så å kreve at de skal
10141 få bedre datatetthet, og komme opp på et nivå som ligner det vi
10142 har. De ser at vi kan avholde eksamen hvor alle 10. klassingene får
10143 sitte ved hver sin PC. Og de har fått tilbakemelding (klager) fra VGS
10144 om manglende datakompetanse på elevene som kommer fra dem. Dette fører
10145 videre til at kommunen endelig innser at de må ta grep. </p>
10146
10147 <p>Grepet betyr sentralisering, og farvel til vår plattform får vi
10148 høre. Det blir gjort en rekke bestemmelser og vedtak som vi ikke får
10149 være en del av. Det blir helt klart at vi må redusere antall maskiner,
10150 og det skal satses på bærbare maskiner. Siden vi ikke har fått tatt
10151 del i prosessene som angår oss, så bruker vi fagforening. Vi har ikke
10152 blitt hørt i forbindelse med endringer som er betydelig for vår
10153 hverdag, og greier å stoppe omlegging. I tillegg så har vi et politisk
10154 vedtak i kommunen på at vi skal kjøre Linux på elevnett, og dette
10155 vedtaket kan ikke administrasjonen i kommunene helt uten videre
10156 tilsidesette. </p>
10157
10158 <p>I sum har dette gjort at vi har fått jobbe videre i fred. Og en del
10159 runder i kommunens kontrollutvalg har gjort det tydelig at vi har blitt
10160 systematisk motarbeidet. </p>
10161
10162 <p>I dag har de andre skolene fått sine bærbare maskiner til elever og
10163 lærere, men etter 2 år med innkjøring er det fremdeles problemer
10164 her. </p>
10165
10166 <ul>
10167
10168 <li>Ungdomsskolen med windows kan ikke kjøre eksamen med sine bærbare,
10169 det er for mye arbeid å renske disse for innhold slik at juks ikke er
10170 mulig.</li>
10171
10172 <li>Utskrift er et mareritt, etter sigende pga at utskrift først
10173 sendes til sentral server, og så sendes ut til rett skriver. I snitt
10174 så tar det 7-8 minutter før utskrift starter på enkelte av
10175 skolene.</li>
10176
10177 <li>Trådløst skaper store problemer, og det er i perioder helt umulig
10178 å komme seg på nett. Og lagring på felles server er bare å glemme i
10179 perioder.</li>
10180
10181 </ul>
10182
10183 <p>Vi har slitt mye, kranglet og sloss. Ikke med tekniske problemer,
10184 men med omgivelsene rundt som vil oss til livs. Men det har vært verdt
10185 hver dråpe med svette, og timer med irritasjon. Men vi har begynt å få
10186 rutine her nå. </p>
10187
10188 <ul>
10189
10190 <li>Vi har fremdeles et system som vi styrer helt selv. </li>
10191 <li>Vi har vist at argumentet med at vår IKT-ansvarlig kan finne seg annen jobb ikke holder mål. Vi har kjøpt driftskonto hos et firma i tilfelle krise, og vi har kjørt opplæring på flere av de yngre lærerne. </li>
10192 <li>Vi har til enhver tid en lærling IKT driftsfag, og velger selvsagt ut dem som satser på Linux. Vi har nå begynt å få tilbake av våre tidligere elever som vil til oss nettopp fordi vi har Linux.</li>
10193 <li>Vi har vist at vi greier å opprettholde en dobbelt så stor datapark som naboskolen, og det til en billigere penge. </li>
10194 <li>Vi har datastøtte og support på huset, ALLTID tilgjengelig. De andre skolene må vente flere dager hvis det ikke er noe kritisk. </li>
10195 <li>Vår IKT-ansvarlig har 50% stilling som lærer og 50% som IKT-ansvarlig. </li>
10196 <li>Vi har en lærer på hvert trinn som har 3 timer i uka til å drive support/støtte til de andre lærerne. </li>
10197 <li>Vi opplever at de yngste lærerne ved den andre ungdomsskolen ønsker seg over til oss. </li>
10198
10199 </ul>
10200
10201 <p>Vi skal i løpet av året starte prosess med å planlegge ny skole, og vi har fått gjennomslag for at jeg (inspektør) og IKT-ansvarlig skal ha det fulle og hele ansvar for IKT/Infrastruktur. Begrunnelsen vår som ble avgjørende her, var at IT-avd i kommunen ikke kan noe om data i skolen. </p>
10202
10203 <p>Beklager hvis dette ble litt usammenhengende, men det ble tastet i
10204 fei, og jeg har ikke lest gjennom</p>
10205 </blockquote>
10206
10207 <p>Det kom raskt et lite svar:</p>
10208
10209 <blockquote>
10210 <p><strong>SV: Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
10211 <br>av captain_obvious</p>
10212
10213 <p>Inspirerende å lese. Har dere gjort noe for å fortelle denne
10214 historien videre?</p>
10215
10216 <p>Hadde vært svært interessant om dere tok kontakt med dokument 2 eller
10217 lignende for å fortelle hvordan det egentlig står til med
10218 IT-satsningen i kommune-Norge. Om ikke annet kan du begynner med å
10219 raffinere innlegget ditt og få en gjesteartikkel på digi.no</p>
10220 </blockquote>
10221
10222 <p>Og deretter en lengre oppfølging.</p>
10223
10224 <blockquote>
10225 <p><strong>SV: Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
10226 <br>av Inspektør Siri (gjest)
10227
10228 <p>Joda, vi har lekt med tanken, og vi har t.o.m skrevet flere lengre
10229 leserinnlegg myntet på aviser. Disse er ikke sendt til aviser, men
10230 brukt internt i forbindelse med møter med kommune. Vår IKT-ansvarlig
10231 har også truet med å si opp jobben sin hvis det ikke ble tatt hensyn i
10232 større grad enn hva som har vært tilfelle. VI kan også dokumentere
10233 flere brudd på anbudsregler, og vi kjenner til at relativt store
10234 IT-leverandører som ikke har fått tatt del i disse anbudene, rett og
10235 slett ikke tør melde fra av redsel for å få et dårlig rykte. </p>
10236
10237 <p>Alt ser ut til å roe seg ned, og vi har fått opp øynene på
10238 politikerne. I sum gjør dette at vi ikke ønsker for mye publisitet nå,
10239 det vil bare rote til igjen. </p>
10240
10241 <p>Jeg glemte å nevne at vi nå nesten ikke bruker tid på å drifte
10242 systemet vårt, noe som gjør at det aller meste av tid blir brukt til å
10243 støtte lærerne og elevene. F.eks så bruker vår IKT-ansvarlig den
10244 første timen på jobb, 0730-0830 kun til å gå ute på arbeidsplassene
10245 til læreren. Dette for å kunne svare på små og store problem, gi tips
10246 og råd, eller bare for å plukke opp hva som er behovet ute i
10247 undervisningsarealene. Det er dessverre ikke slik at alle lærerne har
10248 nok digital kompetanse til å kunne formulere alle spørsmålene de har,
10249 men ved å kunne få vise eller lufte tanker med IKT-ansvarlig så er det
10250 utrolig hva som kommer fram. </p>
10251
10252 <ul>
10253
10254 <li>Jeg ser at mange bruker økonomi som argument i forhold til å bruke
10255 SkoleLinux, og jeg skal ikke legge skjul på at det var dette som i
10256 utgangspunktet var årsaken til vårt valg. Men diskusjonene og kampen
10257 med kommunens IT-avdeling har gjort at vi har fått et noe annet
10258 fokus. Fordelene med drift og stabilitet, gjør at vi ville ha valgt
10259 samme løsning selv om den var dyrere. At vi slipper langt billigere
10260 unna, som følge av 0,- lisenskostnader og lave maskinvarekostnader, er
10261 bare en bonus. </li>
10262
10263 <li>Etter å ha kranglet oss til å få skikkelig oversikt over hva de
10264 andre skolene i kommunen bruker på IT, så har vi fått gehør for å få
10265 samme midler til innkjøp. Dette har gjort at vi nå kan kjøpe inn
10266 utstyr som de andre skolene bare kan se langt etter. Vi har nettopp
10267 kjøpt inn 3 videokamera i semiproff-klassen for å kunne lage film,
10268 samt sende live fra skoleteater/konserter. Vi har kjøpt inn digitale
10269 kompaktkamera til alle klassene. Vi har et team av lærere som skal i
10270 gang med å teste ut tablets på svake elever. Håpet et at teknologien
10271 kan være med på å gi noen av elevene litt mer motivasjon. Vi har kjøpt
10272 inn et halvt klassesett med pulsklokker, noe som har vist seg å være
10273 overraskende inspirerende for en del av elevene. Vi har også oss på
10274 fag på en høyskole litt lengre sør for oss, slik at 3 av oss nå skal
10275 ta faget "Linux tjenestedrift". Som inspektør og en del av skolens
10276 administrasjon er det veldig praktisk å kunne trå til hvis det
10277 kniper. Men IKT-ansvarlig har vært UTROLIG flink til å lage rene
10278 smørbrødlister for hvordan de mest vanlige driftsproblem løses, så det
10279 er lett for flere av oss å ta del i den daglige driften. Vi har svært
10280 stor nytte av lærling (som også hjelper to av naboskolene), men det er
10281 nesten blitt slik at det er om å gjøre å komme til først for å få løse
10282 problem. Det å få fingrene på problem og utfordringer er den aller
10283 beste læremester. </li>
10284
10285 </ul>
10286
10287 <p>Når vi nå tar til med planlegging av ny skole, så vil det være med
10288 tanke på at det skal være mulig med datautstyr på alle plasser. Vi
10289 kommer i all hovedsak til å legge kabel til alle tenkelige og
10290 utenkelige plasser. WiFi koster tilnærmet NULL å sette opp i
10291 ettertid.</p>
10292
10293 <p>Vi har ikke vært noe flink til å bidra til SkoleLinux-prosjektet,
10294 vi har rett og slett vært for opptatt med vår egen kamp. Vi har hentet
10295 mye inspirasjon fra diskusjoner som har gått i det miljøet, og vi
10296 håper at vi nå framover kan få tid til å bidra. Vi er i ferd med å
10297 bytte ut en av serverne våre, og da vil denne trolig bli satt opp som
10298 testserver for neste versjon av Skolelinux. På den måten vil vi i alle
10299 fall kunne gi tilbakemeldinger og rapportere feil. I tillegg så vil
10300 det kanskje gi oss noen nye utfordringer, for som lærlingen vår sier:
10301 "Skolelinux er noe herk, det skjer jo ikke noe galt og hvordan skal
10302 jeg da lære?"</p>
10303
10304 </blockquote>
10305
10306 <p>Det er veldig hyggelig å høre at
10307 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> fungerer så bra i
10308 skoleverdagen etter å ha jobbet med det i 10 år.</p>
10309
10310       </div>
10311       <div class="tags">
10312
10313
10314         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
10315
10316
10317       </div>
10318     </div>
10319     <div class="padding"></div>
10320
10321     <div class="entry">
10322       <div class="title">
10323         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_test_if_a_laptop_is_working_with_Linux.html">How to test if a laptop is working with Linux</a>
10324       </div>
10325       <div class="date">
10326         22nd December 2010
10327       </div>
10328       <div class="body">
10329         <p>The last few days I have spent at work here at the <a
10330 href="http://www.uio.no/">University of Oslo</a> testing if the new
10331 batch of computers will work with Linux.  Every year for the last few
10332 years the university have organised shared bid of a few thousand
10333 computers, and this year HP won the bid.  Two different desktops and
10334 five different laptops are on the list this year.  We in the UNIX
10335 group want to know which one of these computers work well with RHEL
10336 and Ubuntu, the two Linux distributions we currently handle at the
10337 university.</p>
10338
10339 <p>My test method is simple, and I share it here to get feedback and
10340 perhaps inspire others to test hardware as well.  To test, I PXE
10341 install the OS version of choice, and log in as my normal user and run
10342 a few applications and plug in selected pieces of hardware.  When
10343 something fail, I make a note about this in the test matrix and move
10344 on.  If I have some spare time I try to report the bug to the OS
10345 vendor, but as I only have the machines for a short time, I rarely
10346 have the time to do this for all the problems I find.</p>
10347
10348 <p>Anyway, to get to the point of this post.  Here is the simple tests
10349 I perform on a new model.</p>
10350
10351 <ul>
10352
10353 <li>Is PXE installation working?  I'm testing with RHEL6, Ubuntu Lucid
10354 and Ubuntu Maverik at the moment.  If I feel like it, I also test with
10355 RHEL5 and Debian Edu/Squeeze.</li>
10356
10357 <li>Is X.org working?  If the graphical login screen show up after
10358 installation, X.org is working.</li>
10359
10360 <li>Is hardware accelerated OpenGL working?  Running glxgears (in
10361 package mesa-utils on Ubuntu) and writing down the frames per second
10362 reported by the program.</li>
10363
10364 <li>Is sound working?  With Gnome and KDE, a sound is played when
10365 logging in, and if I can hear this the test is successful.  If there
10366 are several audio exits on the machine, I try them all and check if
10367 the Gnome/KDE audio mixer can control where to send the sound.  I
10368 normally test this by playing
10369 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20101012-chef/ ">a HTML5
10370 video</a> in Firefox/Iceweasel.</li>
10371
10372 <li>Is the USB subsystem working?  I test this by plugging in a USB
10373 memory stick and see if Gnome/KDE notices this.</li>
10374
10375 <li>Is the CD/DVD player working?  I test this by inserting any CD/DVD
10376 I have lying around, and see if Gnome/KDE notices this.</li>
10377
10378 <li>Is any built in camera working?  Test using cheese, and see if a
10379 picture from the v4l device show up.</li>
10380
10381 <li>Is bluetooth working?  Use the Gnome/KDE browsing tool to see if
10382 any bluetooth devices are discovered.  In my office, I normally see a
10383 few.</li>
10384
10385 <li>For laptops, is the SD or Compaq Flash reader working.  I have
10386 memory modules lying around, and stick them in and see if Gnome/KDE
10387 notice this.</li>
10388
10389 <li>For laptops, is suspend/hibernate working?  I'm testing if the
10390 special button work, and if the laptop continue to work after
10391 resume.</li>
10392
10393 <li>For laptops, is the extra buttons working, like audio level,
10394 adjusting background light, switching on/off external video output,
10395 switching on/off wifi, bluetooth, etc?  The set of buttons differ from
10396 laptop to laptop, so I just write down which are working and which are
10397 not.</li>
10398
10399 <li>Some laptops have smart card readers, finger print readers,
10400 acceleration sensors etc.  I rarely test these, as I do not know how
10401 to quickly test if they are working or not, so I only document their
10402 existence.</li>
10403
10404 </ul>
10405
10406 <p>By now I suspect you are really curious what the test results are
10407 for the HP machines I am testing.  I'm not done yet, so I will report
10408 the test results later.  For now I can report that HP 8100 Elite work
10409 fine, and hibernation fail with HP EliteBook 8440p on Ubuntu Lucid,
10410 and audio fail on RHEL6.  Ubuntu Maverik worked with 8440p.  As you
10411 can see, I have most machines left to test.  One interesting
10412 observation is that Ubuntu Lucid has almost twice the frame rate than
10413 RHEL6 with glxgears.  No idea why.</p>
10414
10415       </div>
10416       <div class="tags">
10417
10418
10419         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
10420
10421
10422       </div>
10423     </div>
10424     <div class="padding"></div>
10425
10426     <div class="entry">
10427       <div class="title">
10428         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_development_gathering_and_General_Assembly_for_FRiSK.html">Debian Edu development gathering and General Assembly for FRiSK</a>
10429       </div>
10430       <div class="date">
10431         29th November 2010
10432       </div>
10433       <div class="body">
10434         <p>On friday, the first Debian Edu / Skolelinux
10435 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering/2010-12-03-05-Oslo">development
10436 gathering</a> in a long time take place here in Oslo, Norway.  I
10437 really look forward to seeing all the good people working on the
10438 Squeeze release.  The gathering is open for everyone interested in
10439 learning more about Debian Edu / Skolelinux.</p>
10440
10441 <p>On Saturday, the Norwegian member organization taking care of
10442 organizing these development gatherings, Fri Programvare i Skolen,
10443 will hold its
10444 <a href="http://friprogramvareiskolen.no/Genfors/2010">General Assembly
10445 for 2010</a>.  Membership is open for all, and currently there are 388
10446 people registered as members.  Last year 32 members cast their vote in
10447 the memberdb based election system.  I hope more people find time to
10448 vote this year.</p>
10449
10450       </div>
10451       <div class="tags">
10452
10453
10454         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10455
10456
10457       </div>
10458     </div>
10459     <div class="padding"></div>
10460
10461     <div class="entry">
10462       <div class="title">
10463         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_isn_t_Debian_Edu_using_VLC_.html">Why isn't Debian Edu using VLC?</a>
10464       </div>
10465       <div class="date">
10466         27th November 2010
10467       </div>
10468       <div class="body">
10469         <p>In the latest issue of Linux Journal, the readers choices were
10470 presented, and the winner among the multimedia player were VLC.
10471 Personally, I like VLC, and it is my player of choice when I first try
10472 to play a video file or stream.  Only if VLC fail will I drag out
10473 gmplayer to see if it can do better.  The reason is mostly the failure
10474 model and trust.  When VLC fail, it normally pop up a error message
10475 reporting the problem.  When mplayer fail, it normally segfault or
10476 just hangs.  The latter failure mode drain my trust in the program.<p>
10477
10478 <p>But even if VLC is my player of choice, we have choosen to use
10479 mplayer in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian
10480 Edu/Skolelinux</a>.  The reason is simple.  We need a good browser
10481 plugin to play web videos seamlessly, and the VLC browser plugin is
10482 not very good.  For example, it lack in-line control buttons, so there
10483 is no way for the user to pause the video.  Also, when I
10484 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/BrowserMultimedia">last
10485 tested the browser plugins</a> available in Debian, the VLC plugin
10486 failed on several video pages where mplayer based plugins worked.  If
10487 the browser plugin for VLC was as good as the gecko-mediaplayer
10488 package (which uses mplayer), we would switch.</P>
10489
10490 <p>While VLC is a good player, its user interface is slightly
10491 annoying.  The most annoying feature is its inconsistent use of
10492 keyboard shortcuts.  When the player is in full screen mode, its
10493 shortcuts are different from when it is playing the video in a window.
10494 For example, space only work as pause when in full screen mode.  I
10495 wish it had consisten shortcuts and that space also would work when in
10496 window mode.  Another nice shortcut in gmplayer is [enter] to restart
10497 the current video.  It is very nice when playing short videos from the
10498 web and want to restart it when new people arrive to have a look at
10499 what is going on.</p>
10500
10501       </div>
10502       <div class="tags">
10503
10504
10505         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
10506
10507
10508       </div>
10509     </div>
10510     <div class="padding"></div>
10511
10512     <div class="entry">
10513       <div class="title">
10514         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades_of_the_Gnome_and_KDE_desktop__now_with_apt_get_autoremove.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades of the Gnome and KDE desktop, now with apt-get autoremove</a>
10515       </div>
10516       <div class="date">
10517         22nd November 2010
10518       </div>
10519       <div class="body">
10520         <p>Michael Biebl suggested to me on IRC, that I changed my automated
10521 upgrade testing of the
10522 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">Lenny
10523 Gnome and KDE Desktop</a> to do <tt>apt-get autoremove</tt> when using apt-get.
10524 This seem like a very good idea, so I adjusted by test scripts and
10525 can now present the updated result from today:</p>
10526
10527 <p>This is for Gnome:</p>
10528
10529 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
10530
10531 <blockquote><p>
10532   apache2.2-bin
10533   aptdaemon
10534   baobab
10535   binfmt-support
10536   browser-plugin-gnash
10537   cheese-common
10538   cli-common
10539   cups-pk-helper
10540   dmz-cursor-theme
10541   empathy
10542   empathy-common
10543   freedesktop-sound-theme
10544   freeglut3
10545   gconf-defaults-service
10546   gdm-themes
10547   gedit-plugins
10548   geoclue
10549   geoclue-hostip
10550   geoclue-localnet
10551   geoclue-manual
10552   geoclue-yahoo
10553   gnash
10554   gnash-common
10555   gnome
10556   gnome-backgrounds
10557   gnome-cards-data
10558   gnome-codec-install
10559   gnome-core
10560   gnome-desktop-environment
10561   gnome-disk-utility
10562   gnome-screenshot
10563   gnome-search-tool
10564   gnome-session-canberra
10565   gnome-system-log
10566   gnome-themes-extras
10567   gnome-themes-more
10568   gnome-user-share
10569   gstreamer0.10-fluendo-mp3
10570   gstreamer0.10-tools
10571   gtk2-engines
10572   gtk2-engines-pixbuf
10573   gtk2-engines-smooth
10574   hamster-applet
10575   libapache2-mod-dnssd
10576   libapr1
10577   libaprutil1
10578   libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3
10579   libaprutil1-ldap
10580   libart2.0-cil
10581   libboost-date-time1.42.0
10582   libboost-python1.42.0
10583   libboost-thread1.42.0
10584   libchamplain-0.4-0
10585   libchamplain-gtk-0.4-0
10586   libcheese-gtk18
10587   libclutter-gtk-0.10-0
10588   libcryptui0
10589   libdiscid0
10590   libelf1
10591   libepc-1.0-2
10592   libepc-common
10593   libepc-ui-1.0-2
10594   libfreerdp-plugins-standard
10595   libfreerdp0
10596   libgconf2.0-cil
10597   libgdata-common
10598   libgdata7
10599   libgdu-gtk0
10600   libgee2
10601   libgeoclue0
10602   libgexiv2-0
10603   libgif4
10604   libglade2.0-cil
10605   libglib2.0-cil
10606   libgmime2.4-cil
10607   libgnome-vfs2.0-cil
10608   libgnome2.24-cil
10609   libgnomepanel2.24-cil
10610   libgpod-common
10611   libgpod4
10612   libgtk2.0-cil
10613   libgtkglext1
10614   libgtksourceview2.0-common
10615   libmono-addins-gui0.2-cil
10616   libmono-addins0.2-cil
10617   libmono-cairo2.0-cil
10618   libmono-corlib2.0-cil
10619   libmono-i18n-west2.0-cil
10620   libmono-posix2.0-cil
10621   libmono-security2.0-cil
10622   libmono-sharpzip2.84-cil
10623   libmono-system2.0-cil
10624   libmtp8
10625   libmusicbrainz3-6
10626   libndesk-dbus-glib1.0-cil
10627   libndesk-dbus1.0-cil
10628   libopal3.6.8
10629   libpolkit-gtk-1-0
10630   libpt2.6.7
10631   libpython2.6
10632   librpm1
10633   librpmio1
10634   libsdl1.2debian
10635   libsrtp0
10636   libssh-4
10637   libtelepathy-farsight0
10638   libtelepathy-glib0
10639   libtidy-0.99-0
10640   media-player-info
10641   mesa-utils
10642   mono-2.0-gac
10643   mono-gac
10644   mono-runtime
10645   nautilus-sendto
10646   nautilus-sendto-empathy
10647   p7zip-full
10648   pkg-config
10649   python-aptdaemon
10650   python-aptdaemon-gtk
10651   python-axiom
10652   python-beautifulsoup
10653   python-bugbuddy
10654   python-clientform
10655   python-coherence
10656   python-configobj
10657   python-crypto
10658   python-cupshelpers
10659   python-elementtree
10660   python-epsilon
10661   python-evolution
10662   python-feedparser
10663   python-gdata
10664   python-gdbm
10665   python-gst0.10
10666   python-gtkglext1
10667   python-gtksourceview2
10668   python-httplib2
10669   python-louie
10670   python-mako
10671   python-markupsafe
10672   python-mechanize
10673   python-nevow
10674   python-notify
10675   python-opengl
10676   python-openssl
10677   python-pam
10678   python-pkg-resources
10679   python-pyasn1
10680   python-pysqlite2
10681   python-rdflib
10682   python-serial
10683   python-tagpy
10684   python-twisted-bin
10685   python-twisted-conch
10686   python-twisted-core
10687   python-twisted-web
10688   python-utidylib
10689   python-webkit
10690   python-xdg
10691   python-zope.interface
10692   remmina
10693   remmina-plugin-data
10694   remmina-plugin-rdp
10695   remmina-plugin-vnc
10696   rhythmbox-plugin-cdrecorder
10697   rhythmbox-plugins
10698   rpm-common
10699   rpm2cpio
10700   seahorse-plugins
10701   shotwell
10702   software-center
10703   system-config-printer-udev
10704   telepathy-gabble
10705   telepathy-mission-control-5
10706   telepathy-salut
10707   tomboy
10708   totem
10709   totem-coherence
10710   totem-mozilla
10711   totem-plugins
10712   transmission-common
10713   xdg-user-dirs
10714   xdg-user-dirs-gtk
10715   xserver-xephyr
10716 </p></blockquote>
10717
10718 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
10719
10720 <blockquote><p>
10721   cheese
10722   ekiga
10723   eog
10724   epiphany-extensions
10725   evolution-exchange
10726   fast-user-switch-applet
10727   file-roller
10728   gcalctool
10729   gconf-editor
10730   gdm
10731   gedit
10732   gedit-common
10733   gnome-games
10734   gnome-games-data
10735   gnome-nettool
10736   gnome-system-tools
10737   gnome-themes
10738   gnuchess
10739   gucharmap
10740   guile-1.8-libs
10741   libavahi-ui0
10742   libdmx1
10743   libgalago3
10744   libgtk-vnc-1.0-0
10745   libgtksourceview2.0-0
10746   liblircclient0
10747   libsdl1.2debian-alsa
10748   libspeexdsp1
10749   libsvga1
10750   rhythmbox
10751   seahorse
10752   sound-juicer
10753   system-config-printer
10754   totem-common
10755   transmission-gtk
10756   vinagre
10757   vino
10758 </p></blockquote>
10759
10760 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
10761
10762 <blockquote><p>
10763   gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
10764 </p></blockquote>
10765
10766 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
10767
10768 <blockquote><p>
10769 [nothing]
10770 </p></blockquote>
10771
10772 <p>This is for KDE:</p>
10773
10774 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
10775
10776 <blockquote><p>
10777   ksmserver
10778 </p></blockquote>
10779
10780 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
10781
10782 <blockquote><p>
10783   kwin
10784   network-manager-kde
10785 </p></blockquote>
10786
10787 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
10788
10789 <blockquote><p>
10790   arts
10791   dolphin
10792   freespacenotifier
10793   google-gadgets-gst
10794   google-gadgets-xul
10795   kappfinder
10796   kcalc
10797   kcharselect
10798   kde-core
10799   kde-plasma-desktop
10800   kde-standard
10801   kde-window-manager
10802   kdeartwork
10803   kdeartwork-emoticons
10804   kdeartwork-style
10805   kdeartwork-theme-icon
10806   kdebase
10807   kdebase-apps
10808   kdebase-workspace
10809   kdebase-workspace-bin
10810   kdebase-workspace-data
10811   kdeeject
10812   kdelibs
10813   kdeplasma-addons
10814   kdeutils
10815   kdewallpapers
10816   kdf
10817   kfloppy
10818   kgpg
10819   khelpcenter4
10820   kinfocenter
10821   konq-plugins-l10n
10822   konqueror-nsplugins
10823   kscreensaver
10824   kscreensaver-xsavers
10825   ktimer
10826   kwrite
10827   libgle3
10828   libkde4-ruby1.8
10829   libkonq5
10830   libkonq5-templates
10831   libnetpbm10
10832   libplasma-ruby
10833   libplasma-ruby1.8
10834   libqt4-ruby1.8
10835   marble-data
10836   marble-plugins
10837   netpbm
10838   nuvola-icon-theme
10839   plasma-dataengines-workspace
10840   plasma-desktop
10841   plasma-desktopthemes-artwork
10842   plasma-runners-addons
10843   plasma-scriptengine-googlegadgets
10844   plasma-scriptengine-python
10845   plasma-scriptengine-qedje
10846   plasma-scriptengine-ruby
10847   plasma-scriptengine-webkit
10848   plasma-scriptengines
10849   plasma-wallpapers-addons
10850   plasma-widget-folderview
10851   plasma-widget-networkmanagement
10852   ruby
10853   sweeper
10854   update-notifier-kde
10855   xscreensaver-data-extra
10856   xscreensaver-gl
10857   xscreensaver-gl-extra
10858   xscreensaver-screensaver-bsod
10859 </p></blockquote>
10860
10861 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
10862
10863 <blockquote><p>
10864   ark
10865   google-gadgets-common
10866   google-gadgets-qt
10867   htdig
10868   kate
10869   kdebase-bin
10870   kdebase-data
10871   kdepasswd
10872   kfind
10873   klipper
10874   konq-plugins
10875   konqueror
10876   ksysguard
10877   ksysguardd
10878   libarchive1
10879   libcln6
10880   libeet1
10881   libeina-svn-06
10882   libggadget-1.0-0b
10883   libggadget-qt-1.0-0b
10884   libgps19
10885   libkdecorations4
10886   libkephal4
10887   libkonq4
10888   libkonqsidebarplugin4a
10889   libkscreensaver5
10890   libksgrd4
10891   libksignalplotter4
10892   libkunitconversion4
10893   libkwineffects1a
10894   libmarblewidget4
10895   libntrack-qt4-1
10896   libntrack0
10897   libplasma-geolocation-interface4
10898   libplasmaclock4a
10899   libplasmagenericshell4
10900   libprocesscore4a
10901   libprocessui4a
10902   libqalculate5
10903   libqedje0a
10904   libqtruby4shared2
10905   libqzion0a
10906   libruby1.8
10907   libscim8c2a
10908   libsmokekdecore4-3
10909   libsmokekdeui4-3
10910   libsmokekfile3
10911   libsmokekhtml3
10912   libsmokekio3
10913   libsmokeknewstuff2-3
10914   libsmokeknewstuff3-3
10915   libsmokekparts3
10916   libsmokektexteditor3
10917   libsmokekutils3
10918   libsmokenepomuk3
10919   libsmokephonon3
10920   libsmokeplasma3
10921   libsmokeqtcore4-3
10922   libsmokeqtdbus4-3
10923   libsmokeqtgui4-3
10924   libsmokeqtnetwork4-3
10925   libsmokeqtopengl4-3
10926   libsmokeqtscript4-3
10927   libsmokeqtsql4-3
10928   libsmokeqtsvg4-3
10929   libsmokeqttest4-3
10930   libsmokeqtuitools4-3
10931   libsmokeqtwebkit4-3
10932   libsmokeqtxml4-3
10933   libsmokesolid3
10934   libsmokesoprano3
10935   libtaskmanager4a
10936   libtidy-0.99-0
10937   libweather-ion4a
10938   libxklavier16
10939   libxxf86misc1
10940   okteta
10941   oxygencursors
10942   plasma-dataengines-addons
10943   plasma-scriptengine-superkaramba
10944   plasma-widget-lancelot
10945   plasma-widgets-addons
10946   plasma-widgets-workspace
10947   polkit-kde-1
10948   ruby1.8
10949   systemsettings
10950   update-notifier-common
10951 </p></blockquote>
10952
10953 <p>Running apt-get autoremove made the results using apt-get and
10954 aptitude a bit more similar, but there are still quite a lott of
10955 differences.  I have no idea what packages should be installed after
10956 the upgrade, but hope those that do can have a look.</p>
10957
10958       </div>
10959       <div class="tags">
10960
10961
10962         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
10963
10964
10965       </div>
10966     </div>
10967     <div class="padding"></div>
10968
10969     <div class="entry">
10970       <div class="title">
10971         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Migrating_Xen_virtual_machines_using_LVM_to_KVM_using_disk_images.html">Migrating Xen virtual machines using LVM to KVM using disk images</a>
10972       </div>
10973       <div class="date">
10974         22nd November 2010
10975       </div>
10976       <div class="body">
10977         <p>Most of the computers in use by the
10978 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux project</a>
10979 are virtual machines.  And they have been Xen machines running on a
10980 fairly old IBM eserver xseries 345 machine, and we wanted to migrate
10981 them to KVM on a newer Dell PowerEdge 2950 host machine.  This was a
10982 bit harder that it could have been, because we set up the Xen virtual
10983 machines to get the virtual partitions from LVM, which as far as I
10984 know is not supported by KVM.  So to migrate, we had to convert
10985 several LVM logical volumes to partitions on a virtual disk file.</p>
10986
10987 <p>I found
10988 <a href="http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com.au/articles/35011-Six-steps-for-migrating-Xen-virtual-machines-to-KVM">a
10989 nice recipe</a> to do this, and wrote the following script to do the
10990 migration.  It uses qemu-img from the qemu package to make the disk
10991 image, parted to partition it, losetup and kpartx to present the disk
10992 image partions as devices, and dd to copy the data.  I NFS mounted the
10993 new servers storage area on the old server to do the migration.</p>
10994
10995 <pre>
10996 #!/bin/sh
10997
10998 # Based on
10999 # http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com.au/articles/35011-Six-steps-for-migrating-Xen-virtual-machines-to-KVM
11000
11001 set -e
11002 set -x
11003
11004 if [ -z "$1" ] ; then
11005     echo "Usage: $0 &lt;hostname&gt;"
11006     exit 1
11007 else
11008     host="$1"
11009 fi
11010
11011 if [ ! -e /dev/vg_data/$host-disk ] ; then
11012     echo "error: unable to find LVM volume for $host"
11013     exit 1
11014 fi
11015
11016 # Partitions need to be a bit bigger than the LVM LVs.  not sure why.
11017 disksize=$( lvs --units m | grep $host-disk | awk '{sum = sum + $4} END { print int(sum * 1.05) }')
11018 swapsize=$( lvs --units m | grep $host-swap | awk '{sum = sum + $4} END { print int(sum * 1.05) }')
11019 totalsize=$(( ( $disksize + $swapsize ) ))
11020
11021 img=$host.img
11022 #dd if=/dev/zero of=$img bs=1M count=$(( $disksize + $swapsize ))
11023 qemu-img create $img ${totalsize}MMaking room on the Debian Edu/Sqeeze DVD
11024
11025 parted $img mklabel msdos
11026 parted $img mkpart primary linux-swap 0 $disksize
11027 parted $img mkpart primary ext2 $disksize $totalsize
11028 parted $img set 1 boot on
11029
11030 modprobe dm-mod
11031 losetup /dev/loop0 $img
11032 kpartx -a /dev/loop0
11033
11034 dd if=/dev/vg_data/$host-disk of=/dev/mapper/loop0p1 bs=1M
11035 fsck.ext3 -f /dev/mapper/loop0p1 || true
11036 mkswap /dev/mapper/loop0p2
11037
11038 kpartx -d /dev/loop0
11039 losetup -d /dev/loop0
11040 </pre>
11041
11042 <p>The script is perhaps so simple that it is not copyrightable, but
11043 if it is, it is licenced using GPL v2 or later at your discretion.</p>
11044
11045 <p>After doing this, I booted a Debian CD in rescue mode in KVM with
11046 the new disk image attached, installed grub-pc and linux-image-686 and
11047 set up grub to boot from the disk image.  After this, the KVM machines
11048 seem to work just fine.</p>
11049
11050       </div>
11051       <div class="tags">
11052
11053
11054         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
11055
11056
11057       </div>
11058     </div>
11059     <div class="padding"></div>
11060
11061     <div class="entry">
11062       <div class="title">
11063         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__apt_vs_aptitude_with_the_Gnome_and_KDE_desktop.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, apt vs aptitude with the Gnome and KDE desktop</a>
11064       </div>
11065       <div class="date">
11066         20th November 2010
11067       </div>
11068       <div class="body">
11069         <p>I'm still running upgrade testing of the
11070 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">Lenny
11071 Gnome and KDE Desktop</a>, but have not had time to spend on reporting the
11072 status.  Here is a short update based on a test I ran 20101118.</p>
11073
11074 <p>I still do not know what a correct migration should look like, so I
11075 report any differences between apt and aptitude and hope someone else
11076 can see if anything should be changed.</p>
11077
11078 <p>This is for Gnome:</p>
11079
11080 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
11081
11082 <blockquote><p>
11083   apache2.2-bin aptdaemon at-spi baobab binfmt-support
11084   browser-plugin-gnash cheese-common cli-common cpp-4.3 cups-pk-helper
11085   dmz-cursor-theme empathy empathy-common finger
11086   freedesktop-sound-theme freeglut3 gconf-defaults-service gdm-themes
11087   gedit-plugins geoclue geoclue-hostip geoclue-localnet geoclue-manual
11088   geoclue-yahoo gnash gnash-common gnome gnome-backgrounds
11089   gnome-cards-data gnome-codec-install gnome-core
11090   gnome-desktop-environment gnome-disk-utility gnome-screenshot
11091   gnome-search-tool gnome-session-canberra gnome-spell
11092   gnome-system-log gnome-themes-extras gnome-themes-more
11093   gnome-user-share gs-common gstreamer0.10-fluendo-mp3
11094   gstreamer0.10-tools gtk2-engines gtk2-engines-pixbuf
11095   gtk2-engines-smooth hal-info hamster-applet libapache2-mod-dnssd
11096   libapr1 libaprutil1 libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 libaprutil1-ldap
11097   libart2.0-cil libatspi1.0-0 libboost-date-time1.42.0
11098   libboost-python1.42.0 libboost-thread1.42.0 libchamplain-0.4-0
11099   libchamplain-gtk-0.4-0 libcheese-gtk18 libclutter-gtk-0.10-0
11100   libcryptui0 libcupsys2 libdiscid0 libeel2-data libelf1 libepc-1.0-2
11101   libepc-common libepc-ui-1.0-2 libfreerdp-plugins-standard
11102   libfreerdp0 libgail-common libgconf2.0-cil libgdata-common libgdata7
11103   libgdl-1-common libgdu-gtk0 libgee2 libgeoclue0 libgexiv2-0 libgif4
11104   libglade2.0-cil libglib2.0-cil libgmime2.4-cil libgnome-vfs2.0-cil
11105   libgnome2.24-cil libgnomepanel2.24-cil libgnomeprint2.2-data
11106   libgnomeprintui2.2-common libgnomevfs2-bin libgpod-common libgpod4
11107   libgtk2.0-cil libgtkglext1 libgtksourceview-common
11108   libgtksourceview2.0-common libmono-addins-gui0.2-cil
11109   libmono-addins0.2-cil libmono-cairo2.0-cil libmono-corlib2.0-cil
11110   libmono-i18n-west2.0-cil libmono-posix2.0-cil
11111   libmono-security2.0-cil libmono-sharpzip2.84-cil
11112   libmono-system2.0-cil libmtp8 libmusicbrainz3-6
11113   libndesk-dbus-glib1.0-cil libndesk-dbus1.0-cil libopal3.6.8
11114   libpolkit-gtk-1-0 libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa
11115   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libpt2.6.7 libpython2.6 librpm1 librpmio1
11116   libsdl1.2debian libservlet2.4-java libsrtp0 libssh-4
11117   libtelepathy-farsight0 libtelepathy-glib0 libtidy-0.99-0
11118   libxalan2-java libxerces2-java media-player-info mesa-utils
11119   mono-2.0-gac mono-gac mono-runtime nautilus-sendto
11120   nautilus-sendto-empathy openoffice.org-writer2latex
11121   openssl-blacklist p7zip p7zip-full pkg-config python-4suite-xml
11122   python-aptdaemon python-aptdaemon-gtk python-axiom
11123   python-beautifulsoup python-bugbuddy python-clientform
11124   python-coherence python-configobj python-crypto python-cupshelpers
11125   python-cupsutils python-eggtrayicon python-elementtree
11126   python-epsilon python-evolution python-feedparser python-gdata
11127   python-gdbm python-gst0.10 python-gtkglext1 python-gtkmozembed
11128   python-gtksourceview2 python-httplib2 python-louie python-mako
11129   python-markupsafe python-mechanize python-nevow python-notify
11130   python-opengl python-openssl python-pam python-pkg-resources
11131   python-pyasn1 python-pysqlite2 python-rdflib python-serial
11132   python-tagpy python-twisted-bin python-twisted-conch
11133   python-twisted-core python-twisted-web python-utidylib python-webkit
11134   python-xdg python-zope.interface remmina remmina-plugin-data
11135   remmina-plugin-rdp remmina-plugin-vnc rhythmbox-plugin-cdrecorder
11136   rhythmbox-plugins rpm-common rpm2cpio seahorse-plugins shotwell
11137   software-center svgalibg1 system-config-printer-udev
11138   telepathy-gabble telepathy-mission-control-5 telepathy-salut tomboy
11139   totem totem-coherence totem-mozilla totem-plugins
11140   transmission-common xdg-user-dirs xdg-user-dirs-gtk xserver-xephyr
11141   zip
11142 </p></blockquote>
11143
11144 Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude
11145
11146 <blockquote><p>
11147   arj bluez-utils cheese dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop ekiga eog
11148   epiphany-extensions epiphany-gecko evolution-exchange
11149   fast-user-switch-applet file-roller gcalctool gconf-editor gdm gedit
11150   gedit-common gnome-app-install gnome-games gnome-games-data
11151   gnome-nettool gnome-system-tools gnome-themes gnome-utils
11152   gnome-vfs-obexftp gnome-volume-manager gnuchess gucharmap
11153   guile-1.8-libs hal libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5
11154   libavahi-ui0 libbind9-50 libbluetooth2 libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7
11155   libcucul0 libcurl3 libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdmx1 libdvdread3
11156   libedata-cal1.2-6 libedataserver1.2-9 libeel2-2.20 libepc-1.0-1
11157   libepc-ui-1.0-1 libexchange-storage1.2-3 libfaad0 libgadu3
11158   libgalago3 libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libggz2 libggzcore9
11159   libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0 libgnome-desktop-2
11160   libgnome-pilot2 libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomeprint2.2-0
11161   libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtk-vnc-1.0-0
11162   libgtkhtml2-0 libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgtksourceview2.0-0
11163   libgucharmap6 libhesiod0 libicu38 libisccc50 libisccfg50 libiw29
11164   libjaxp1.3-java-gcj libkpathsea4 liblircclient0 libltdl3 liblwres50
11165   libmagick++10 libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmozjs1d libmpfr1ldbl libmtp7
11166   libmysqlclient15off libnautilus-burn4 libneon27 libnm-glib0
11167   libnm-util0 libopal-2.2 libosp5 libparted1.8-10 libpisock9
11168   libpisync1 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3 libpt-1.10.10 libraw1394-8
11169   libsdl1.2debian-alsa libsensors3 libsexy2 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8
11170   libspeexdsp1 libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libsvga1
11171   libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1 libtotem-plparser10 libtrackerclient0
11172   libvoikko1 libxalan2-java-gcj libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12
11173   libxtrap6 libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3 mysql-common rhythmbox seahorse
11174   sound-juicer swfdec-gnome system-config-printer totem-common
11175   totem-gstreamer transmission-gtk vinagre vino w3c-dtd-xhtml wodim
11176 </p></blockquote>
11177
11178 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
11179
11180 <blockquote><p>
11181   gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
11182 </p></blockquote>
11183
11184 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
11185
11186 <blockquote><p>
11187 [nothing]
11188 </p></blockquote>
11189
11190 <p>This is for KDE:</p>
11191
11192 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
11193
11194 <blockquote><p>
11195   autopoint bomber bovo cantor cantor-backend-kalgebra cpp-4.3 dcoprss
11196   edict espeak espeak-data eyesapplet fifteenapplet finger gettext
11197   ghostscript-x git gnome-audio gnugo granatier gs-common
11198   gstreamer0.10-pulseaudio indi kaddressbook-plugins kalgebra
11199   kalzium-data kanjidic kapman kate-plugins kblocks kbreakout kbstate
11200   kde-icons-mono kdeaccessibility kdeaddons-kfile-plugins
11201   kdeadmin-kfile-plugins kdeartwork-misc kdeartwork-theme-window
11202   kdeedu kdeedu-data kdeedu-kvtml-data kdegames kdegames-card-data
11203   kdegames-mahjongg-data kdegraphics-kfile-plugins kdelirc
11204   kdemultimedia-kfile-plugins kdenetwork-kfile-plugins
11205   kdepim-kfile-plugins kdepim-kio-plugins kdessh kdetoys kdewebdev
11206   kdiamond kdnssd kfilereplace kfourinline kgeography-data kigo
11207   killbots kiriki klettres-data kmoon kmrml knewsticker-scripts
11208   kollision kpf krosspython ksirk ksmserver ksquares kstars-data
11209   ksudoku kubrick kweather libasound2-plugins libboost-python1.42.0
11210   libcfitsio3 libconvert-binhex-perl libcrypt-ssleay-perl libdb4.6++
11211   libdjvulibre-text libdotconf1.0 liberror-perl libespeak1
11212   libfinance-quote-perl libgail-common libgsl0ldbl libhtml-parser-perl
11213   libhtml-tableextract-perl libhtml-tagset-perl libhtml-tree-perl
11214   libio-stringy-perl libkdeedu4 libkdegames5 libkiten4 libkpathsea5
11215   libkrossui4 libmailtools-perl libmime-tools-perl
11216   libnews-nntpclient-perl libopenbabel3 libportaudio2 libpulse-browse0
11217   libservlet2.4-java libspeechd2 libtiff-tools libtimedate-perl
11218   libunistring0 liburi-perl libwww-perl libxalan2-java libxerces2-java
11219   lirc luatex marble networkstatus noatun-plugins
11220   openoffice.org-writer2latex palapeli palapeli-data parley
11221   parley-data poster psutils pulseaudio pulseaudio-esound-compat
11222   pulseaudio-module-x11 pulseaudio-utils quanta-data rocs rsync
11223   speech-dispatcher step svgalibg1 texlive-binaries texlive-luatex
11224   ttf-sazanami-gothic
11225 </p></blockquote>
11226
11227 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
11228
11229 <blockquote><p>
11230   amor artsbuilder atlantik atlantikdesigner blinken bluez-utils cvs
11231   dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop imlib-base imlib11 kalzium kanagram kandy
11232   kasteroids katomic kbackgammon kbattleship kblackbox kbounce kbruch
11233   kcron kdat kdemultimedia-kappfinder-data kdeprint kdict kdvi kedit
11234   keduca kenolaba kfax kfaxview kfouleggs kgeography kghostview
11235   kgoldrunner khangman khexedit kiconedit kig kimagemapeditor
11236   kitchensync kiten kjumpingcube klatin klettres klickety klines
11237   klinkstatus kmag kmahjongg kmailcvt kmenuedit kmid kmilo kmines
11238   kmousetool kmouth kmplot knetwalk kodo kolf kommander konquest kooka
11239   kpager kpat kpdf kpercentage kpilot kpoker kpovmodeler krec
11240   kregexpeditor kreversi ksame ksayit kshisen ksig ksim ksirc ksirtet
11241   ksmiletris ksnake ksokoban kspaceduel kstars ksvg ksysv kteatime
11242   ktip ktnef ktouch ktron kttsd ktuberling kturtle ktux kuickshow
11243   kverbos kview kviewshell kvoctrain kwifimanager kwin kwin4 kwordquiz
11244   kworldclock kxsldbg libakode2 libarts1-akode libarts1-audiofile
11245   libarts1-mpeglib libarts1-xine libavahi-compat-libdnssd1
11246   libavahi-core5 libavc1394-0 libbind9-50 libbluetooth2
11247   libboost-python1.34.1 libcucul0 libcurl3 libcvsservice0
11248   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdjvulibre21 libdvdread3 libfaad0 libfreebob0
11249   libgd2-noxpm libgraphviz4 libgsmme1c2a libgtkhtml2-0 libicu38
11250   libiec61883-0 libindex0 libisccc50 libisccfg50 libiw29
11251   libjaxp1.3-java-gcj libk3b3 libkcal2b libkcddb1 libkdeedu3
11252   libkdegames1 libkdepim1a libkgantt0 libkleopatra1 libkmime2
11253   libkpathsea4 libkpimexchange1 libkpimidentities1 libkscan1
11254   libksieve0 libktnef1 liblockdev1 libltdl3 liblwres50 libmagick10
11255   libmimelib1c2a libmodplug0c2 libmozjs1d libmpcdec3 libmpfr1ldbl
11256   libneon27 libnm-util0 libopensync0 libpisock9 libpoppler-glib3
11257   libpoppler-qt2 libpoppler3 libraw1394-8 librss1 libsensors3
11258   libsmbios2 libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90
11259   libtalloc1 libxalan2-java-gcj libxerces2-java-gcj libxtrap6 lskat
11260   mpeglib network-manager-kde noatun pmount tex-common texlive-base
11261   texlive-common texlive-doc-base texlive-fonts-recommended tidy
11262   ttf-dustin ttf-kochi-gothic ttf-sjfonts
11263 </p></blockquote>
11264
11265 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
11266
11267 <blockquote><p>
11268   dolphin kde-core kde-plasma-desktop kde-standard kde-window-manager
11269   kdeartwork kdebase kdebase-apps kdebase-workspace
11270   kdebase-workspace-bin kdebase-workspace-data kdeutils kscreensaver
11271   kscreensaver-xsavers libgle3 libkonq5 libkonq5-templates libnetpbm10
11272   netpbm plasma-widget-folderview plasma-widget-networkmanagement
11273   xscreensaver-data-extra xscreensaver-gl xscreensaver-gl-extra
11274   xscreensaver-screensaver-bsod
11275 </p></blockquote>
11276
11277 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
11278
11279 <blockquote><p>
11280   kdebase-bin konq-plugins konqueror
11281 </p></blockquote>
11282
11283       </div>
11284       <div class="tags">
11285
11286
11287         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
11288
11289
11290       </div>
11291     </div>
11292     <div class="padding"></div>
11293
11294     <div class="entry">
11295       <div class="title">
11296         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gnash_buildbot_slave_and_Debian_kfreebsd.html">Gnash buildbot slave and Debian kfreebsd</a>
11297       </div>
11298       <div class="date">
11299         20th November 2010
11300       </div>
11301       <div class="body">
11302         <p>Answering
11303 <a href="http://www.listware.net/201011/gnash-dev/67431-gnash-dev-buildbot-looking-for-slaves.html">the
11304 call from the Gnash project</a> for
11305 <a href="http://www.gnashdev.org:8010">buildbot</a> slaves to test the
11306 current source, I have set up a virtual KVM machine on the Debian
11307 Edu/Skolelinux virtualization host to test the git source on
11308 Debian/Squeeze.  I hope this can help the developers in getting new
11309 releases out more often.</p>
11310
11311 <p>As the developers want less main-stream build platforms tested to,
11312 I have considered setting up a <a
11313 href="http://www.debian.org/ports/kfreebsd-gnu/">Debian/kfreebsd</a>
11314 machine as well.  I have also considered using the kfreebsd
11315 architecture in Debian as a file server in NUUG to get access to the 5
11316 TB zfs volume we currently use to store DV video.  Because of this, I
11317 finally got around to do a test installation of Debian/Squeeze with
11318 kfreebsd.  Installation went fairly smooth, thought I noticed some
11319 visual glitches in the cdebconf dialogs (black cursor left on the
11320 screen at random locations).  Have not gotten very far with the
11321 testing.  Noticed cfdisk did not work, but fdisk did so it was not a
11322 fatal problem.  Have to spend some more time on it to see if it is
11323 useful as a file server for NUUG.  Will try to find time to set up a
11324 gnash buildbot slave on the Debian Edu/Skolelinux this weekend.</p>
11325
11326       </div>
11327       <div class="tags">
11328
11329
11330         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11331
11332
11333       </div>
11334     </div>
11335     <div class="padding"></div>
11336
11337     <div class="entry">
11338       <div class="title">
11339         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Making_room_on_the_Debian_Edu_Sqeeze_DVD.html">Making room on the Debian Edu/Sqeeze DVD</a>
11340       </div>
11341       <div class="date">
11342          7th November 2010
11343       </div>
11344       <div class="body">
11345         <p>Prioritising packages for the Debian Edu /
11346 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> DVD, which is
11347 supposed provide a school with all the services and user applications
11348 needed on the pupils computer network has always been hard.  Even
11349 schools without Internet connections should be able to get Debian Edu
11350 working using this DVD.</p>
11351
11352 <p>The job became a lot harder when apt and aptitude started
11353 installing recommended packages by default.  We want the same set of
11354 packages to be installed when using the DVD and the netinst CD, and
11355 that means all recommended packages need to be on the DVD.  I created
11356 a patch for debian-cd in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/601203">BTS
11357 report #601203</a> to do this, and since this change was applied to
11358 the Debian Edu DVD build, we have been seriously short on space.</p>
11359
11360 <p>A few days ago we decided to drop blender, wxmaxima and kicad from
11361 the default installation to save space on the DVD, believing that
11362 those needing these applications are few and can get them from the
11363 Debian archive.</p>
11364
11365 <p>Yesterday, I had a look what source packages to see which packages
11366 were using most space.  A few large packages are well know;
11367 openoffice.org, openclipart and fluid-soundfont.  But I also
11368 discovered that lilypond used 106 MiB and fglrx-driver used 53 MiB.
11369 The lilypond package is pulled in as a dependency for rosegarden, and
11370 when looking a bit closer I discovered that 99 MiB of the 106 MiB were
11371 the documentation package, which is recommended by the binary package.
11372 I decided to drop this documentation package from our DVD, as most of
11373 our users will use the GUI front-ends and do not need the lilypond
11374 documentation.  Similarly, I dropped the non-free fglrx-driver package
11375 which might be installed by d-i when its hardware is detected, as the
11376 free X driver should work.</p>
11377
11378 <p>With this change, we finally got space for the LXDE and Gnome
11379 desktop packages as well as the language specific packages making the
11380 DVD more useful again.</p>
11381
11382       </div>
11383       <div class="tags">
11384
11385
11386         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11387
11388
11389       </div>
11390     </div>
11391     <div class="padding"></div>
11392
11393     <div class="entry">
11394       <div class="title">
11395         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Software_updates_2010_10_24.html">Software updates 2010-10-24</a>
11396       </div>
11397       <div class="date">
11398         24th October 2010
11399       </div>
11400       <div class="body">
11401         <p>Some updates.</p>
11402
11403 <p>My <a href="http://pledgebank.com/gnash-avm2">gnash pledge</a> to
11404 raise money for the project is going well.  The lower limit of 10
11405 signers was reached in 24 hours, and so far 13 people have signed it.
11406 More signers and more funding is most welcome, and I am really curious
11407 how far we can get before the time limit of December 24 is reached.
11408 :)</p>
11409
11410 <p>On the #gnash IRC channel on irc.freenode.net, I was just tipped
11411 about what appear to be a great code coverage tool capable of
11412 generating code coverage stats without any changes to the source code.
11413 It is called
11414 <a href="http://simonkagstrom.github.com/kcov/index.html">kcov</a>,
11415 and can be used using <tt>kcov &lt;directory&gt; &lt;binary&gt;</tt>.
11416 It is missing in Debian, but the git source built just fine in Squeeze
11417 after I installed libelf-dev, libdwarf-dev, pkg-config and
11418 libglib2.0-dev.  Failed to build in Lenny, but suspect that is
11419 solvable.  I hope kcov make it into Debian soon.</p>
11420
11421 <p>Finally found time to wrap up the release notes for <a
11422 href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2010/10/msg00002.html">a
11423 new alpha release of Debian Edu</a>, and just published the second
11424 alpha test release of the Squeeze based Debian Edu /
11425 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>
11426 release.  Give it a try if you need a complete linux solution for your
11427 school, including central infrastructure server, workstations, thin
11428 client servers and diskless workstations.  A nice touch added
11429 yesterday is RDP support on the thin client servers, for windows
11430 clients to get a Linux desktop on request.</p>
11431
11432       </div>
11433       <div class="tags">
11434
11435
11436         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>.
11437
11438
11439       </div>
11440     </div>
11441     <div class="padding"></div>
11442
11443     <div class="entry">
11444       <div class="title">
11445         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Some_notes_on_Flash_in_Debian_and_Debian_Edu.html">Some notes on Flash in Debian and Debian Edu</a>
11446       </div>
11447       <div class="date">
11448          4th September 2010
11449       </div>
11450       <div class="body">
11451         <p>In the <a href="http://popcon.debian.org/unknown/by_vote">Debian
11452 popularity-contest numbers</a>, the adobe-flashplugin package the
11453 second most popular used package that is missing in Debian.  The sixth
11454 most popular is flashplayer-mozilla.  This is a clear indication that
11455 working flash is important for Debian users.  Around 10 percent of the
11456 users submitting data to popcon.debian.org have this package
11457 installed.</p>
11458
11459 <p>In the report written by Lars Risan in August 2008
11460 («<a href="http://wiki.skolelinux.no/Dokumentasjon/Rapporter?action=AttachFile&do=view&target=Skolelinux_i_bruk_rapport_1.0.pdf">Skolelinux
11461 i bruk – Rapport for Hurum kommune, Universitetet i Agder og
11462 stiftelsen SLX Debian Labs</a>»), one of the most important problems
11463 schools experienced with <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian
11464 Edu/Skolelinux</a> was the lack of working Flash.  A lot of educational
11465 web sites require Flash to work, and lacking working Flash support in
11466 the web browser and the problems with installing it was perceived as a
11467 good reason to stay with Windows.</p>
11468
11469 <p>I once saw a funny and sad comment in a web forum, where Linux was
11470 said to be the retarded cousin that did not really understand
11471 everything you told him but could work fairly well.  This was a
11472 comment regarding the problems Linux have with proprietary formats and
11473 non-standard web pages, and is sad because it exposes a fairly common
11474 understanding of whose fault it is if web pages that only work in for
11475 example Internet Explorer 6 fail to work on Firefox, and funny because
11476 it explain very well how annoying it is for users when Linux
11477 distributions do not work with the documents they receive or the web
11478 pages they want to visit.</p>
11479
11480 <p>This is part of the reason why I believe it is important for Debian
11481 and Debian Edu to have a well working Flash implementation in the
11482 distribution, to get at least popular sites as Youtube and Google
11483 Video to working out of the box.  For Squeeze, Debian have the chance
11484 to include the latest version of Gnash that will make this happen, as
11485 the new release 0.8.8 was published a few weeks ago and is resting in
11486 unstable.  The new version work with more sites that version 0.8.7.
11487 The Gnash maintainers have asked for a freeze exception, but the
11488 release team have not had time to reply to it yet.  I hope they agree
11489 with me that Flash is important for the Debian desktop users, and thus
11490 accept the new package into Squeeze.</p>
11491
11492       </div>
11493       <div class="tags">
11494
11495
11496         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
11497
11498
11499       </div>
11500     </div>
11501     <div class="padding"></div>
11502
11503     <div class="entry">
11504       <div class="title">
11505         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_hard_link_handling_with_sshfs.html">Broken hard link handling with sshfs</a>
11506       </div>
11507       <div class="date">
11508         30th August 2010
11509       </div>
11510       <div class="body">
11511         <p>Just got an email from Tobias Gruetzmacher as a followup on my
11512 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_umask_handling_with_sshfs.html">previous
11513 post about sshfs</a>.  He reported another problem with sshfs.  It
11514 fail to handle hard links properly.  A simple way to spot this is to
11515 look at the . and .. entries in the directory tree.  These should have
11516 a link count >1, but on sshfs the count is 1.  I just tested to see
11517 what happen when trying to hardlink, and this fail as well:</p>
11518
11519 <pre>
11520 % ln foo bar
11521 ln: creating hard link `bar' => `foo': Function not implemented
11522 %
11523 </pre>
11524
11525 <p>I have not yet found time to implement a test for this in my file
11526 system test code, but believe having working hard links is useful to
11527 avoid surprised unix programs.  Not as useful as working file locking
11528 and symlinks, which are required to get a working desktop, but useful
11529 nevertheless. :)</p>
11530
11531 <p>The latest version of the file system test code is available via
11532 git from
11533 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a></p>
11534
11535       </div>
11536       <div class="tags">
11537
11538
11539         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11540
11541
11542       </div>
11543     </div>
11544     <div class="padding"></div>
11545
11546     <div class="entry">
11547       <div class="title">
11548         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_i_Osloskolen.html">Skolelinux i Osloskolen</a>
11549       </div>
11550       <div class="date">
11551         26th August 2010
11552       </div>
11553       <div class="body">
11554         <p>Denne høsten skal endelig alle Osloskolene få mulighet til å bruke
11555 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>.  Ny IT-løsning
11556 har vært rullet ut i noen måneder nå, og så vidt jeg fikk vite før
11557 sommeren skulle alle skoler ha nytt opplegg på plass før oppstart nå i
11558 høst.  På alle skolene skal en kunne velge ved installasjon om en skal
11559 ha Windows eller Skolelinux på maskinene, og en kan i tillegg
11560 PXE-boote maskinene over nett som tynne klienter eller diskløse
11561 arbeidsstasjoner. Jeg er spent på hvor mange skoler som velger å ta i
11562 bruk Skolelinux, og gleder meg til å se hvordan dette utvikler seg.
11563 Løsningen leveres av
11564 <a href="http://www.logica.no/">Logica</a> med
11565 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a> som
11566 underleverandør, og jeg har vært involvert i utviklingen av løsningen
11567 via Skolelinux Drift AS siden prosjektet starter.  Jeg synes det er
11568 fantastisk at Skolelinux er kommet så langt siden vi startet i 2001 at
11569 alle elevene i Osloskolene nå skal få mulighet til å bruke
11570 løsningen.  Jeg håper de vil sette pris på alle de
11571 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.no/linux-signpost/">fantastiske
11572 brukerprogrammene</a> som er tilgjengelig i Skolelinux.</p>
11573
11574       </div>
11575       <div class="tags">
11576
11577
11578         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
11579
11580
11581       </div>
11582     </div>
11583     <div class="padding"></div>
11584
11585     <div class="entry">
11586       <div class="title">
11587         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_umask_handling_with_sshfs.html">Broken umask handling with sshfs</a>
11588       </div>
11589       <div class="date">
11590         26th August 2010
11591       </div>
11592       <div class="body">
11593         <p>My file system sematics program
11594 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Testing_if_a_file_system_can_be_used_for_home_directories___.html">presented
11595 a few days ago</a> is very useful to verify that a file system can
11596 work as a unix home directory,and today I had to extend it a bit.  I'm
11597 looking into alternatives for home directory access here at the
11598 University of Oslo, and one of the options is sshfs.  My friend
11599 Finn-Arne mentioned a while back that they had used sshfs with Debian
11600 Edu, but stopped because of problems.  I asked today what the problems
11601 where, and he mentioned that sshfs failed to handle umask properly.
11602 Trying to detect the problem I wrote this addition to my fs testing
11603 script:</p>
11604
11605 <pre>
11606 mode_t touch_get_mode(const char *name, mode_t mode) {
11607   mode_t retval = 0;
11608   int fd = open(name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_LARGEFILE, mode);
11609   if (-1 != fd) {
11610     unlink(name);
11611     struct stat statbuf;
11612     if (-1 != fstat(fd, &statbuf)) {
11613       retval = statbuf.st_mode & 0x1ff;
11614     }
11615     close(fd);
11616   }
11617   return retval;
11618 }
11619
11620 /* Try to detect problem discovered using sshfs */
11621 int test_umask(void) {
11622   printf("info: testing umask effect on file creation\n");
11623
11624   mode_t orig_umask = umask(000);
11625   mode_t newmode;
11626   if (0666 != (newmode = touch_get_mode("foobar", 0666))) {
11627     printf("  error: Wrong file mode %o when creating using mode 666 and umask 000\n",
11628            newmode);
11629   }
11630   umask(007);
11631   if (0660 != (newmode = touch_get_mode("foobar", 0666))) {
11632     printf("  error: Wrong file mode %o when creating using mode 666 and umask 007\n",
11633            newmode);
11634   }
11635
11636   umask (orig_umask);
11637   return 0;
11638 }
11639
11640 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
11641   [...]
11642   test_umask();
11643   return 0;
11644 }
11645 </pre>
11646
11647 <p>Sure enough.  On NFS to a netapp, I get this result:</p>
11648
11649 <pre>
11650 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
11651 info: testing symlink creation
11652 info: testing subdirectory creation
11653 info: testing fcntl locking
11654   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
11655   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
11656   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
11657   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
11658   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
11659   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
11660 info: testing umask effect on file creation
11661 </pre>
11662
11663 <p>When mounting the same directory using sshfs, I get this
11664 result:</p>
11665
11666 <pre>
11667 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
11668 info: testing symlink creation
11669 info: testing subdirectory creation
11670 info: testing fcntl locking
11671   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
11672   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
11673   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
11674   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
11675   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
11676   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
11677 info: testing umask effect on file creation
11678   error: Wrong file mode 644 when creating using mode 666 and umask 000
11679   error: Wrong file mode 640 when creating using mode 666 and umask 007
11680 </pre>
11681
11682 <p>So, I can conclude that sshfs is better than smb to a Netapp or a
11683 Windows server, but not good enough to be used as a home
11684 directory.</p>
11685
11686 <p>Update 2010-08-26: Reported the issue in
11687 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/594498">BTS report #594498</a></p>
11688
11689 <p>Update 2010-08-27: Michael Gebetsroither report that he found the
11690 script so useful that he created a GIT repository and stored it in
11691 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a>.</p>
11692
11693       </div>
11694       <div class="tags">
11695
11696
11697         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11698
11699
11700       </div>
11701     </div>
11702     <div class="padding"></div>
11703
11704     <div class="entry">
11705       <div class="title">
11706         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/No_hardcoded_config_on_Debian_Edu_clients.html">No hardcoded config on Debian Edu clients</a>
11707       </div>
11708       <div class="date">
11709          9th August 2010
11710       </div>
11711       <div class="body">
11712         <p>As reported earlier, the last few days I have looked at how Debian
11713 Edu clients are configured, and tried to get rid of all hardcoded
11714 configuration settings on the clients.  I believe the work to be
11715 mostly done, and the clients seem to work just fine with dynamically
11716 generated configuration.</p>
11717
11718 <p>What is the point, you might ask?  The point is to allow a Debian
11719 Edu desktop to integrate into an existing network infrastructure
11720 without any manual configuration.</p>
11721
11722 <p>This is what happens when installing a Debian Edu client here at
11723 the University of Oslo using PXE.  With the PXE installation, I am
11724 asked for language (Norwegian Bokmål), locality (Norway) and keyboard
11725 layout (no-latin1), Debian Edu profile (Roaming Workstation), if I
11726 accept to reformat the hard drive (yes), if I want to submit info to
11727 popcon.debian.org (no) and root password (secret).  After answering
11728 these questions, the installer goes ahead and does its thing, and
11729 after around 50 minutes it is done.  I press enter to finish the
11730 installation, and the machine reboots into KDE.  When the machine is
11731 ready and kdm asks for login information, I enter my university
11732 username and password, am told by kdm that a local home directory has
11733 been created and that I must log in again, and finally log in with the
11734 same username and password to the KDE 4.4 desktop.  At no point during
11735 this process did it ask for university specific settings, and all the
11736 required configuration was dynamically detected using information
11737 fetched via DHCP and DNS.  The roaming workstation is now ready for
11738 use.</p>
11739
11740 <p>How was this done, you might wonder?  First of all, here is the
11741 list of things that need to be configured on the client to get it
11742 working properly out of the box:</p>
11743
11744 <ul>
11745 <li>IP address/netmask and DNS server.</li>
11746 <li>Web proxy URL.</li>
11747 <li>LDAP server for NSS directory information (user, group, etc).</li>
11748 <li>Kerberos server for PAM password checking.</li>
11749 <li>SMB mount point to access the network home directory. (*)</li>
11750 <li>Central syslog server to send syslog messages to. (*)</li>
11751 <li>Sitesummary collector URL to submit info to central server. (*)</li>
11752 </ul>
11753
11754 <p>(Hm, did I forget anything?  Let me knew if I did.)</p>
11755
11756 <p>The points marked (*) are not required to be able to use the
11757 machine, but needed to provide central storage and allowing system
11758 administrators to track their machines.  Since yesterday, everything
11759 but the sitesummary collector URL is dynamically discovered at boot
11760 and installation time in the svn version of Debian Edu.</p>
11761
11762 <p>The IP and DNS setup is fetched during boot using DHCP as usual.
11763 When a DHCP update arrives, the proxy setup is updated by looking for
11764 http://wpat/wpad.dat and using the content of this WPAD file to
11765 configure the http and ftp proxy in /etc/environment and
11766 /etc/apt/apt.conf.  I decided to update the proxy setup using a DHCP
11767 hook to ensure that the client stops using the Debian Edu proxy when
11768 it is moved outside the Debian Edu network, and instead uses any local
11769 proxy present on the new network when it moves around.</p>
11770
11771 <p>The DNS names of the LDAP, Kerberos and syslog server and related
11772 configuration are generated using DNS information at boot.  First the
11773 installer looks for a host named ldap in the current DNS domain.  If
11774 not found, it looks for _ldap._tcp SRV records in DNS instead.  If an
11775 LDAP server is found, its root DSE entry is requested and the
11776 attributes namingContexts and defaultNamingContext are used to
11777 determine which LDAP base to use for NSS.  If there are several
11778 namingContexts attibutes and the defaultNamingContext is present, that
11779 LDAP subtree is used as the base.  If defaultNamingContext is missing,
11780 the subtrees listed as namingContexts are searched in sequence for any
11781 object with class posixAccount or posixGroup, and the first one with
11782 such an object is used as the LDAP base.  For Kerberos, a similar
11783 search is done by first looking for a host named kerberos, and then
11784 for the _kerberos._tcp SRV record.  I've been unable to find a way to
11785 look up the Kerberos realm, so for this the upper case string of the
11786 current DNS domain is used.</p>
11787
11788 <p>For the syslog server, the hosts syslog and loghost are searched
11789 for, and the _syslog._udp SRV record is consulted if no such host is
11790 found.  This algorithm works for both Debian Edu and the University of
11791 Oslo.  A similar strategy would work for locating the sitesummary
11792 server, but have not been implemented yet.  I decided to fetch and
11793 save these settings during installation, to make sure moving to a
11794 different network does not change the set of users being allowed to
11795 log in nor the passwords required to log in.  Usernames and passwords
11796 will be cached by sssd when the user logs in on the Debian Edu
11797 network, and will not change as the laptop move around.  For a
11798 non-roaming machine, there is no caching, but given that it is
11799 supposed to stay in place it should not matter much.  Perhaps we
11800 should switch those to use sssd too?</p>
11801
11802 <p>The user's SMB mount point for the network home directory is
11803 located when the user logs in for the first time.  The LDAP server is
11804 consulted to look for the user's LDAP object and the sambaHomePath
11805 attribute is used if found.  If it isn't found, the home directory
11806 path fetched from NSS is used instead.  Assuming the path is of the
11807 form /site/server/directory/username, the second part is looked up in
11808 DNS and used to generate a SMB URL of the form
11809 smb://server.domain/username.  This algorithm works for both Debian
11810 edu and the University of Oslo.  Perhaps there are better attributes
11811 to use or a better algorithm that works for more sites, but this will
11812 do for now. :)</p>
11813
11814 <p>This work should make it easier to integrate the Debian Edu clients
11815 into any LDAP/Kerberos infrastructure, and make the current setup even
11816 more flexible than before.  I suspect it will also work for thin
11817 client servers, allowing one to easily set up LTSP and hook it into a
11818 existing network infrastructure, but I have not had time to test this
11819 yet.</p>
11820
11821 <p>If you want to help out with implementing these things for Debian
11822 Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11823
11824 <p>Update 2010-08-09: Simon Farnsworth gave me a heads-up on how to
11825 detect Kerberos realm from DNS, by looking for _kerberos TXT entries
11826 before falling back to the upper case DNS domain name.  Will have to
11827 implement it for Debian Edu. :)</p>
11828
11829       </div>
11830       <div class="tags">
11831
11832
11833         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11834
11835
11836       </div>
11837     </div>
11838     <div class="padding"></div>
11839
11840     <div class="entry">
11841       <div class="title">
11842         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Testing_if_a_file_system_can_be_used_for_home_directories___.html">Testing if a file system can be used for home directories...</a>
11843       </div>
11844       <div class="date">
11845          8th August 2010
11846       </div>
11847       <div class="body">
11848         <p>A few years ago, I was involved in a project planning to use
11849 Windows file servers as home directory servers for Debian
11850 Edu/Skolelinux machines.  This was thought to be no problem, as the
11851 access would be through the SMB network file system protocol, and we
11852 knew other sites used SMB with unix and samba as the file server to
11853 mount home directories without any problems.  But, after months of
11854 struggling, we had to conclude that our goal was impossible.</p>
11855
11856 <p>The reason is simply that while SMB can be used for home
11857 directories when the file server is Samba running on Unix, this only
11858 work because of Samba have some extensions and the fact that the
11859 underlying file system is a unix file system.  When using a Windows
11860 file server, the underlying file system do not have POSIX semantics,
11861 and several programs will fail if the users home directory where they
11862 want to store their configuration lack POSIX semantics.</p>
11863
11864 <p>As part of this work, I wrote a small C program I want to share
11865 with you all, to replicate a few of the problematic applications (like
11866 OpenOffice.org and GCompris) and see if the file system was working as
11867 it should.  If you find yourself in spooky file system land, it might
11868 help you find your way out again.  This is the fs-test.c source:</p>
11869
11870 <pre>
11871 /*
11872  * Some tests to check the file system sematics.  Used to verify that
11873  * CIFS from a windows server do not work properly as a linux home
11874  * directory.
11875  * License: GPL v2 or later
11876  *
11877  * needs libsqlite3-dev and build-essential installed
11878  * compile with: gcc -Wall -lsqlite3 -DTEST_SQLITE fs-test.c -o fs-test
11879 */
11880
11881 #define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS 64
11882 #define _LARGEFILE_SOURCE 1
11883 #define _LARGEFILE64_SOURCE 1
11884
11885 #define _GNU_SOURCE /* for asprintf() */
11886
11887 #include &lt;errno.h>
11888 #include &lt;fcntl.h>
11889 #include &lt;stdio.h>
11890 #include &lt;string.h>
11891 #include &lt;stdlib.h>
11892 #include &lt;sys/file.h>
11893 #include &lt;sys/stat.h>
11894 #include &lt;sys/types.h>
11895 #include &lt;unistd.h>
11896
11897 #ifdef TEST_SQLITE
11898 /*
11899  * Test sqlite open, as done by gcompris require the libsqlite3-dev
11900  * package and linking with -lsqlite3.  A more low level test is
11901  * below.
11902  * See also &lt;URL: http://www.sqlite.org./faq.html#q5 >.
11903  */
11904 #include &lt;sqlite3.h>
11905 #define CREATE_TABLE_USERS                                              \
11906   "CREATE TABLE users (user_id INT UNIQUE, login TEXT, lastname TEXT, firstname TEXT, birthdate TEXT, class_id INT ); "
11907 int test_sqlite_open(void) {
11908   char *zErrMsg;
11909   char *name = "testsqlite.db";
11910   sqlite3 *db=NULL;
11911   unlink(name);
11912   int rc = sqlite3_open(name, &db);
11913   if( rc ){
11914     printf("error: sqlite open of %s failed: %s\n", name, sqlite3_errmsg(db));
11915     sqlite3_close(db);
11916     return -1;
11917   }
11918
11919   /* create tables */
11920   rc = sqlite3_exec(db,CREATE_TABLE_USERS, NULL,  0, &zErrMsg);
11921   if( rc != SQLITE_OK ){
11922     printf("error: sqlite table create failed: %s\n", zErrMsg);
11923     sqlite3_close(db);
11924     return -1;
11925   }
11926   printf("info: sqlite worked\n");
11927   sqlite3_close(db);
11928   return 0;
11929 }
11930 #endif /* TEST_SQLITE */
11931
11932 /*
11933  * Demonstrate locking issue found in gcompris using sqlite3.  This
11934  * work with ext3, but not with cifs server on Windows 2003.  This is
11935  * done in the sqlite3 library.
11936  * See also
11937  * &lt;URL:http://www.cygwin.com/ml/cygwin/2001-08/msg00854.html> and the
11938  * POSIX specification
11939  * &lt;URL:http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/fcntl.html>.
11940  */
11941 int test_gcompris_locking(void) {
11942   struct flock fl;
11943   char *name = "testsqlite.db";
11944   unlink(name);
11945   int fd = open(name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_LARGEFILE, 0644);
11946   printf("info: testing fcntl locking\n");
11947
11948   fl.l_whence = SEEK_SET;
11949   fl.l_pid    = getpid();
11950   printf("  Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824");
11951   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
11952   fl.l_len    = 1;
11953   fl.l_type   = F_RDLCK;
11954   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
11955
11956   printf("  Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826");
11957   fl.l_start  = 1073741826;
11958   fl.l_len    = 510;
11959   fl.l_type   = F_RDLCK;
11960   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
11961
11962   printf("  Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824");
11963   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
11964   fl.l_len    = 1;
11965   fl.l_type   = F_UNLCK;
11966   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
11967
11968   printf("  Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824");
11969   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
11970   fl.l_len    = 1;
11971   fl.l_type   = F_WRLCK;
11972   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
11973
11974   printf("  Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826");
11975   fl.l_start  = 1073741826;
11976   fl.l_len    = 510;
11977   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
11978
11979   printf("  Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824");
11980   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
11981   fl.l_len    = 2;
11982   fl.l_type   = F_UNLCK;
11983   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
11984
11985   close(fd);
11986   return 0;
11987 }
11988
11989 /*
11990  * Test if permissions of freshly created directories allow entries
11991  * below them.  This was a problem with OpenOffice.org and gcompris.
11992  * Mounting with option 'sync' seem to solve this problem while
11993  * slowing down file operations.
11994  */
11995 int test_subdirectory_creation(void) {
11996 #define LEVELS 5
11997   char *path = strdup("test");
11998   char *dirs[LEVELS];
11999   int level;
12000   printf("info: testing subdirectory creation\n");
12001   for (level = 0; level &lt; LEVELS; level++) {
12002     char *newpath = NULL;
12003     if (-1 == mkdir(path, 0777)) {
12004       printf("  error: Unable to create directory '%s': %s\n",
12005              path, strerror(errno));
12006       break;
12007     }
12008     asprintf(&newpath, "%s/%s", path, "test");
12009     free(path);
12010     path = newpath;
12011   }
12012   return 0;
12013 }
12014
12015 /*
12016  * Test if symlinks can be created.  This was a problem detected with
12017  * KDE.
12018  */
12019 int test_symlinks(void) {
12020   printf("info: testing symlink creation\n");
12021   unlink("symlink");
12022   if (-1 == symlink("file", "symlink"))
12023     printf("  error: Unable to create symlink\n");
12024   return 0;
12025 }
12026
12027 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
12028   printf("Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system\n");
12029   test_symlinks();
12030   test_subdirectory_creation();
12031 #ifdef TEST_SQLITE
12032   test_sqlite_open();
12033 #endif /* TEST_SQLITE */
12034   test_gcompris_locking();
12035   return 0;
12036 }
12037 </pre>
12038
12039 <p>When everything is working, it should print something like
12040 this:</p>
12041
12042 <pre>
12043 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
12044 info: testing symlink creation
12045 info: testing subdirectory creation
12046 info: sqlite worked
12047 info: testing fcntl locking
12048   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
12049   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
12050   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
12051   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
12052   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
12053   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
12054 </pre>
12055
12056 <p>I do not remember the exact details of the problems we saw, but one
12057 of them was with locking, where if I remember correctly, POSIX allow a
12058 read-only lock to be upgraded to a read-write lock without unlocking
12059 the read-only lock (while Windows do not).  Another was a bug in the
12060 CIFS/SMB client implementation in the Linux kernel where directory
12061 meta information would be wrong for a fraction of a second, making
12062 OpenOffice.org fail to create its deep directory tree because it was
12063 not allowed to create files in its freshly created directory.</p>
12064
12065 <p>Anyway, here is a nice tool for your tool box, might you never need
12066 it. :)</p>
12067
12068 <p>Update 2010-08-27: Michael Gebetsroither report that he found the
12069 script so useful that he created a GIT repository and stored it in
12070 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a>.</p>
12071
12072       </div>
12073       <div class="tags">
12074
12075
12076         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12077
12078
12079       </div>
12080     </div>
12081     <div class="padding"></div>
12082
12083     <div class="entry">
12084       <div class="title">
12085         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Autodetecting_Client_setup_for_roaming_workstations_in_Debian_Edu.html">Autodetecting Client setup for roaming workstations in Debian Edu</a>
12086       </div>
12087       <div class="date">
12088          7th August 2010
12089       </div>
12090       <div class="body">
12091         <p>A few days ago, I
12092 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_roaming_workstation___at_the_university_of_Oslo.html">tried
12093 to install</a> a Roaming workation profile from Debian Edu/Squeeze
12094 while on the university network here at the University of Oslo, and
12095 noticed how much had to change to get it operational using the
12096 university infrastructure.  It was fairly easy, but it occured to me
12097 that Debian Edu would improve a lot if I could get the client to
12098 connect without any changes at all, and thus let the client configure
12099 itself during installation and first boot to use the infrastructure
12100 around it.  Now I am a huge step further along that road.</p>
12101
12102 <p>With our current squeeze-test packages, I can select the roaming
12103 workstation profile and get a working laptop connecting to the
12104 university LDAP server for user and group and our active directory
12105 servers for Kerberos authentication.  All this without any
12106 configuration at all during installation.  My users home directory got
12107 a bookmark in the KDE menu to mount it via SMB, with the correct URL.
12108 In short, openldap and sssd is correctly configured.  In addition to
12109 this, the client look for http://wpad/wpad.dat to configure a web
12110 proxy, and when it fail to find it no proxy settings are stored in
12111 /etc/environment and /etc/apt/apt.conf.  Iceweasel and KDE is
12112 configured to look for the same wpad configuration and also do not use
12113 a proxy when at the university network.  If the machine is moved to a
12114 network with such wpad setup, it would automatically use it when DHCP
12115 gave it a IP address.</p>
12116
12117 <p>The LDAP server is located using DNS, by first looking for the DNS
12118 entry ldap.$domain.  If this do not exist, it look for the
12119 _ldap._tcp.$domain SRV records and use the first one as the LDAP
12120 server.  Next, it connects to the LDAP server and search all
12121 namingContexts entries for posixAccount or posixGroup objects, and
12122 pick the first one as the LDAP base.  For Kerberos, a similar
12123 algorithm is used to locate the LDAP server, and the realm is the
12124 uppercase version of $domain.</p>
12125
12126 <p>So, what is not working, you might ask.  SMB mounting my home
12127 directory do not work.  No idea why, but suspected the incorrect
12128 Kerberos settings in /etc/krb5.conf and /etc/samba/smb.conf might be
12129 the cause.  These are not properly configured during installation, and
12130 had to be hand-edited to get the correct Kerberos realm and server,
12131 but SMB mounting still do not work. :(</p>
12132
12133 <p>With this automatic configuration in place, I expect a Debian Edu
12134 roaming profile installation would be able to automatically detect and
12135 connect to any site using LDAP and Kerberos for NSS directory and PAM
12136 authentication.  It should also work out of the box in a Active
12137 Directory environment providing posixAccount and posixGroup objects
12138 with UID and GID values.</p>
12139
12140 <p>If you want to help out with implementing these things for Debian
12141 Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12142
12143       </div>
12144       <div class="tags">
12145
12146
12147         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12148
12149
12150       </div>
12151     </div>
12152     <div class="padding"></div>
12153
12154     <div class="entry">
12155       <div class="title">
12156         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_roaming_workstation___at_the_university_of_Oslo.html">Debian Edu roaming workstation - at the university of Oslo</a>
12157       </div>
12158       <div class="date">
12159          3rd August 2010
12160       </div>
12161       <div class="body">
12162         <p>The new roaming workstation profile in Debian Edu/Squeeze is fairly
12163 similar to the laptop setup am I working on using Ubuntu for the
12164 University of Oslo, and just for the heck of it, I tested today how
12165 hard it would be to integrate that profile into the university
12166 infrastructure.  In this case, it is the university LDAP server,
12167 Active Directory Kerberos server and SMB mounting from the Netapp file
12168 servers.</p>
12169
12170 <p>I was pleasantly surprised that the only three files needed to be
12171 changed (/etc/sssd/sssd.conf, /etc/ldap.conf and
12172 /etc/mklocaluser.d/20-debian-edu-config) and one file had to be added
12173 (/usr/share/perl5/Debian/Edu_Local.pm), to get the client working.
12174 Most of the changes were to get the client to use the university LDAP
12175 for NSS and Kerberos server for PAM, but one was to change a hard
12176 coded DNS domain name in the mklocaluser hook from .intern to
12177 .uio.no.</p>
12178
12179 <p>This testing was so encouraging, that I went ahead and adjusted the
12180 Debian Edu scripts and setup in subversion to centralise the roaming
12181 workstation setup a bit more and avoid the hardcoded DNS domain name,
12182 so that when I test this tomorrow, I expect to get away with modifying
12183 only /etc/sssd/sssd.conf and /etc/ldap.conf to get it to use the
12184 university servers.</p>
12185
12186 <p>My goal is to get the clients to have no hardcoded settings and
12187 fetch all their initial setup during installation and first boot, to
12188 allow them to be inserted also into environments where the default
12189 setup in Debian Edu has been changed or as with the university, where
12190 the environment is different but provides the protocols Debian Edu
12191 uses.</p>
12192
12193       </div>
12194       <div class="tags">
12195
12196
12197         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12198
12199
12200       </div>
12201     </div>
12202     <div class="padding"></div>
12203
12204     <div class="entry">
12205       <div class="title">
12206         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Debian_Edu_test_release__alpha0__based_on_Squeeze_is_released.html">First Debian Edu test release (alpha0) based on Squeeze is released</a>
12207       </div>
12208       <div class="date">
12209         27th July 2010
12210       </div>
12211       <div class="body">
12212         <p>I just posted this announcement culminating several months of work
12213 with the next Debian Edu release.  Not nearly done, but one major step
12214 completed.</p>
12215
12216 <blockquote>
12217 <p>This is the first test release based on Squeeze. The focus of this
12218 release is to test the user application selection. To have a look,
12219 install the standalone profile and let the developers know if the set
12220 of installed packages i.e. applications should be modified. If some
12221 user application is missing, or if there are some applications that no
12222 longer make sense to be included in Debian Edu, please let us know.
12223 Also, if a useful application is missing the translation for your
12224 language of choice, please let us know too.</p>
12225
12226 <p>In addition, feedback and help to polish the desktop (menus,
12227 artwork, starters, etc.) is appreciated. We would like to ship a nice
12228 and handy KDE4 desktop targeted for schools out of the box.</p>
12229
12230 <p>The other profiles should be installable, but there is a lot more
12231 work left to be done before they are ready, so do not expect to
12232 much.</p>
12233
12234 <p>Changes compared to the lenny based version</p>
12235
12236 <ul>
12237 <li>Everything from Debian Squeeze
12238 <ul>
12239   <li>Desktop environment KDE 4.4 => the new KDE desktop in
12240          combination with some new artwork
12241   <li>Web browser Iceweasel 3.5
12242   <li>OpenOffice.org 3.2
12243   <li>Educational toolbox GCompris 9.3
12244   <li>Music creator Rosegarden 10.04.2
12245   <li>Image editor Gimp 2.6.10
12246   <li>Virtual universe Celestia 1.6.0
12247   <li>Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.10.4
12248   <li>3D modeler Blender 2.49.2 (new application)
12249   <li>Video editor Kdenlive 0.7.7 (new application)
12250 </ul></li>
12251 <li>Now using Kerberos for password checking (migration not finished).
12252     Enabled for:
12253 <ul>
12254   <li>PAM
12255   <li>LDAP
12256   <li>IMAP
12257   <li>SMTP (sender verification)
12258 </ul>
12259 </li>
12260 <li>New experimental roaming workstation profile for laptops.</li>
12261 <li>Show welcome page to users when they first log in. The URL is
12262     fetched from LDAP.</li>
12263 <li>New LXDE desktop option, in addition to KDE (default) and Gnome.</li>
12264 <li>General cleanup (not finished)</li>
12265 </ul>
12266 <p>The following features are not working as they should</p>
12267
12268 <ul>
12269 <li>No web based administration tool for creating users and groups. The
12270     scripts ldap-createuser-krb and ldap-add-user-to-group can be used
12271     for testing.</li>
12272 <li>DVD installs are missing debian-installer images for the PXE boot,
12273     and do not set up the PXE menu on eth0 because of this. LTSP
12274     clients should still boot from eth1 on thin client servers.</li>
12275 <li>The restructured KDE menu is not implemented.</li>
12276 <li>The LDAP server setup need to be reviewed for security.</li>
12277 <li>The LDAP directory structure need to be reworked.</li>
12278 <li>Different sets of packages are installed when using the DVD and the
12279     netinst CD. More packages are installed using the netinst CD.</li>
12280 <li>The jackd package fail to install. This is believed to be caused by
12281     some ongoing transition, and hopefully should be solved soon. The
12282     jackd1 package can be installed manually for those that need it.</li>
12283 <li>Some packages lack translations. See
12284     http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Squeeze for updated status,
12285     and help out with translations.</li>
12286 </ul>
12287
12288 <p>To download this multiarch netinstall release you can use</p>
12289
12290 <ul>
12291 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</a></li>
12292 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</a></li>
12293 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
12294 </ul>
12295 <p>To download this multiarch dvd release you can use</p>
12296
12297 <ul>
12298 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</a></li>
12299 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</a></li>
12300 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
12301 </ul>
12302
12303 <p>There is no source DVD available yet. It will be prepared when we
12304 get closer to the final release.</p>
12305
12306 <p>The MD5SUM of these images are</p>
12307
12308 <ul>
12309 <li>3dbf45d59f42a53518b6e3c9ec3b5eb6 debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
12310 <li>22f2cbfce281d1c6e478be452638675d debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
12311 </ul>
12312
12313 <p>The SHA1SUM of these images are</p>
12314 <ul>
12315 <li>c53d1b69b40cf37cd27aefaf33f6f6a3821bedf0 debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
12316 <li>2ec29d7db676d59d32197b05c277ffe16348376c debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
12317 </ul>
12318 <p>How to report bugs:
12319 http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugsInBugzilla</p>
12320
12321 <p>Please direct replies to debian-edu@lists.debian.org</p>
12322 </blockquote>
12323
12324       </div>
12325       <div class="tags">
12326
12327
12328         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12329
12330
12331       </div>
12332     </div>
12333     <div class="padding"></div>
12334
12335     <div class="entry">
12336       <div class="title">
12337         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/One_step_closer_to_single_signon_in_Debian_Edu.html">One step closer to single signon in Debian Edu</a>
12338       </div>
12339       <div class="date">
12340         25th July 2010
12341       </div>
12342       <div class="body">
12343         <p>The last few months me and the other Debian Edu developers have
12344 been working hard to get the Debian/Squeeze based version of Debian
12345 Edu/Skolelinux into shape.  This future version will use Kerberos for
12346 authentication, and services are slowly migrated to single signon,
12347 getting rid of password questions one at the time.</p>
12348
12349 <p>It will also feature a roaming workstation profile with local home
12350 directory, for laptops that are only some times on the Skolelinux
12351 network, and for this profile a shortcut is created in Gnome and KDE
12352 to gain access to the users home directory on the file server.  This
12353 shortcut uses SMB at the moment, and yesterday I had time to test if
12354 SMB mounting had started working in KDE after we added the cifs-utils
12355 package.  I was pleasantly surprised how well it worked.</p>
12356
12357 <p>Thanks to the recent changes to our samba configuration to get it
12358 to use Kerberos for authentication, there were no question about user
12359 password when mounting the SMB volume.  A simple click on the shortcut
12360 in the KDE menu, and a window with the home directory popped
12361 up. :)</p>
12362
12363 <p>One step closer to a single signon solution out of the box in
12364 Debian Edu.  We already had PAM, LDAP, IMAP and SMTP in place, and now
12365 also Samba.  Next step is Cups and hopefully also NFS.</p>
12366
12367 <p>We had planned a alpha0 release of Debian Edu for today, but thanks
12368 to the autobuilder administrators for some architectures being slow to
12369 sign packages, we are still missing the fixed LTSP package we need for
12370 the release.  It was uploaded three days ago with urgency=high, and if
12371 it had entered testing yesterday we would have been able to test it in
12372 time for a alpha0 release today.  As the binaries for ia64 and powerpc
12373 still not uploaded to the Debian archive, we need to delay the alpha
12374 release another day.</p>
12375
12376 <p>If you want to help out with implementing Kerberos for Debian Edu,
12377 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12378
12379       </div>
12380       <div class="tags">
12381
12382
12383         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet</a>.
12384
12385
12386       </div>
12387     </div>
12388     <div class="padding"></div>
12389
12390     <div class="entry">
12391       <div class="title">
12392         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/What_are_they_searching_for___PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_in_LDAP.html">What are they searching for - PowerDNS and ISC DHCP in LDAP</a>
12393       </div>
12394       <div class="date">
12395         17th July 2010
12396       </div>
12397       <div class="body">
12398         <p>This is a
12399 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">followup</a>
12400 on my
12401 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_a_change_to_LDAP_schemas_allowing_DNS_and_DHCP_info_to_be_combined_into_one_object.html">previous
12402 work</a> on
12403 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Combining_PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_LDAP_objects.html">merging
12404 all</a> the computer related LDAP objects in Debian Edu.</p>
12405
12406 <p>As a step to try to see if it possible to merge the DNS and DHCP
12407 LDAP objects, I have had a look at how the packages pdns-backend-ldap
12408 and dhcp3-server-ldap in Debian use the LDAP server.  The two
12409 implementations are quite different in how they use LDAP.</p>
12410
12411 To get this information, I started slapd with debugging enabled and
12412 dumped the debug output to a file to get the LDAP searches performed
12413 on a Debian Edu main-server.  Here is a summary.
12414
12415 <p><strong>powerdns</strong></p>
12416
12417 <a href="http://www.linuxnetworks.de/doc/index.php/PowerDNS_LDAP_Backend">Clues
12418 on how to</a> set up PowerDNS to use a LDAP backend is available on
12419 the web.
12420
12421 <p>PowerDNS have two modes of operation using LDAP as its backend.
12422 One "strict" mode where the forward and reverse DNS lookups are done
12423 using the same LDAP objects, and a "tree" mode where the forward and
12424 reverse entries are in two different subtrees in LDAP with a structure
12425 based on the DNS names, as in tjener.intern and
12426 2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa.</p>
12427
12428 <p>In tree mode, the server is set up to use a LDAP subtree as its
12429 base, and uses a "base" scoped search for the DNS name by adding
12430 "dc=tjener,dc=intern," to the base with a filter for
12431 "(associateddomain=tjener.intern)" for the forward entry and
12432 "dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa," with a filter for
12433 "(associateddomain=2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa)" for the reverse entry.  For
12434 forward entries, it is looking for attributes named dnsttl, arecord,
12435 nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord, ptrrecord, hinforecord, mxrecord,
12436 txtrecord, rprecord, afsdbrecord, keyrecord, aaaarecord, locrecord,
12437 srvrecord, naptrrecord, kxrecord, certrecord, dsrecord, sshfprecord,
12438 ipseckeyrecord, rrsigrecord, nsecrecord, dnskeyrecord, dhcidrecord,
12439 spfrecord and modifytimestamp.  For reverse entries it is looking for
12440 the attributes dnsttl, arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord,
12441 ptrrecord, hinforecord, mxrecord, txtrecord, rprecord, aaaarecord,
12442 locrecord, srvrecord, naptrrecord and modifytimestamp.  The equivalent
12443 ldapsearch commands could look like this:</p>
12444
12445 <blockquote><pre>
12446 ldapsearch -h ldap \
12447   -b dc=tjener,dc=intern,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no \
12448   -s base -x '(associateddomain=tjener.intern)' dNSTTL aRecord nSRecord \
12449   cNAMERecord sOARecord pTRRecord hInfoRecord mXRecord tXTRecord \
12450   rPRecord aFSDBRecord KeyRecord aAAARecord lOCRecord sRVRecord \
12451   nAPTRRecord kXRecord certRecord dSRecord sSHFPRecord iPSecKeyRecord \
12452   rRSIGRecord nSECRecord dNSKeyRecord dHCIDRecord sPFRecord modifyTimestamp
12453
12454 ldapsearch -h ldap \
12455   -b dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no \
12456   -s base -x '(associateddomain=2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa)'
12457   dnsttl, arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord soarecord ptrrecord \
12458   hinforecord mxrecord txtrecord rprecord aaaarecord locrecord \
12459   srvrecord naptrrecord modifytimestamp
12460 </pre></blockquote>
12461
12462 <p>In Debian Edu/Lenny, the PowerDNS tree mode is used with
12463 ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no as the base, and these are two
12464 example LDAP objects used there.  In addition to these objects, the
12465 parent objects all th way up to ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12466 also exist.</p>
12467
12468 <blockquote><pre>
12469 dn: dc=tjener,dc=intern,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12470 objectclass: top
12471 objectclass: dnsdomain
12472 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
12473 dc: tjener
12474 arecord: 10.0.2.2
12475 associateddomain: tjener.intern
12476
12477 dn: dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12478 objectclass: top
12479 objectclass: dnsdomain2
12480 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
12481 dc: 2
12482 ptrrecord: tjener.intern
12483 associateddomain: 2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa
12484 </pre></blockquote>
12485
12486 <p>In strict mode, the server behaves differently.  When looking for
12487 forward DNS entries, it is doing a "subtree" scoped search with the
12488 same base as in the tree mode for a object with filter
12489 "(associateddomain=tjener.intern)" and requests the attributes dnsttl,
12490 arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord, ptrrecord, hinforecord,
12491 mxrecord, txtrecord, rprecord, aaaarecord, locrecord, srvrecord,
12492 naptrrecord and modifytimestamp.  For reverse entires it also do a
12493 subtree scoped search but this time the filter is "(arecord=10.0.2.2)"
12494 and the requested attributes are associateddomain, dnsttl and
12495 modifytimestamp.  In short, in strict mode the objects with ptrrecord
12496 go away, and the arecord attribute in the forward object is used
12497 instead.</p>
12498
12499 <p>The forward and reverse searches can be simulated using ldapsearch
12500 like this:</p>
12501
12502 <blockquote><pre>
12503 ldapsearch -h ldap -b ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no -s sub -x \
12504   '(associateddomain=tjener.intern)' dNSTTL aRecord nSRecord \
12505   cNAMERecord sOARecord pTRRecord hInfoRecord mXRecord tXTRecord \
12506   rPRecord aFSDBRecord KeyRecord aAAARecord lOCRecord sRVRecord \
12507   nAPTRRecord kXRecord certRecord dSRecord sSHFPRecord iPSecKeyRecord \
12508   rRSIGRecord nSECRecord dNSKeyRecord dHCIDRecord sPFRecord modifyTimestamp
12509
12510 ldapsearch -h ldap -b ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no -s sub -x \
12511   '(arecord=10.0.2.2)' associateddomain dnsttl modifytimestamp
12512 </pre></blockquote>
12513
12514 <p>In addition to the forward and reverse searches , there is also a
12515 search for SOA records, which behave similar to the forward and
12516 reverse lookups.</p>
12517
12518 <p>A thing to note with the PowerDNS behaviour is that it do not
12519 specify any objectclass names, and instead look for the attributes it
12520 need to generate a DNS reply.  This make it able to work with any
12521 objectclass that provide the needed attributes.</p>
12522
12523 <p>The attributes are normally provided in the cosine (RFC 1274) and
12524 dnsdomain2 schemas.  The latter is used for reverse entries like
12525 ptrrecord and recent DNS additions like aaaarecord and srvrecord.</p>
12526
12527 <p>In Debian Edu, we have created DNS objects using the object classes
12528 dcobject (for dc), dnsdomain or dnsdomain2 (structural, for the DNS
12529 attributes) and domainrelatedobject (for associatedDomain).  The use
12530 of structural object classes make it impossible to combine these
12531 classes with the object classes used by DHCP.</p>
12532
12533 <p>There are other schemas that could be used too, for example the
12534 dnszone structural object class used by Gosa and bind-sdb for the DNS
12535 attributes combined with the domainrelatedobject object class, but in
12536 this case some unused attributes would have to be included as well
12537 (zonename and relativedomainname).</p>
12538
12539 <p>My proposal for Debian Edu would be to switch PowerDNS to strict
12540 mode and not use any of the existing objectclasses (dnsdomain,
12541 dnsdomain2 and dnszone) when one want to combine the DNS information
12542 with DHCP information, and instead create a auxiliary object class
12543 defined something like this (using the attributes defined for
12544 dnsdomain and dnsdomain2 or dnszone):</p>
12545
12546 <blockquote><pre>
12547 objectclass ( some-oid NAME 'dnsDomainAux'
12548     SUP top
12549     AUXILIARY
12550     MAY ( ARecord $ MDRecord $ MXRecord $ NSRecord $ SOARecord $ CNAMERecord $
12551           DNSTTL $ DNSClass $ PTRRecord $ HINFORecord $ MINFORecord $
12552           TXTRecord $ SIGRecord $ KEYRecord $ AAAARecord $ LOCRecord $
12553           NXTRecord $ SRVRecord $ NAPTRRecord $ KXRecord $ CERTRecord $
12554           A6Record $ DNAMERecord
12555     ))
12556 </pre></blockquote>
12557
12558 <p>This will allow any object to become a DNS entry when combined with
12559 the domainrelatedobject object class, and allow any entity to include
12560 all the attributes PowerDNS wants.  I've sent an email to the PowerDNS
12561 developers asking for their view on this schema and if they are
12562 interested in providing such schema with PowerDNS, and I hope my
12563 message will be accepted into their mailing list soon.</p>
12564
12565 <p><strong>ISC dhcp</strong></p>
12566
12567 <p>The DHCP server searches for specific objectclass and requests all
12568 the object attributes, and then uses the attributes it want.  This
12569 make it harder to figure out exactly what attributes are used, but
12570 thanks to the working example in Debian Edu I can at least get an idea
12571 what is needed without having to read the source code.</p>
12572
12573 <p>In the DHCP server configuration, the LDAP base to use and the
12574 search filter to use to locate the correct dhcpServer entity is
12575 stored.  These are the relevant entries from
12576 /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf:</p>
12577
12578 <blockquote><pre>
12579 ldap-base-dn "dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no";
12580 ldap-dhcp-server-cn "dhcp";
12581 </pre></blockquote>
12582
12583 <p>The DHCP server uses this information to nest all the DHCP
12584 configuration it need.  The cn "dhcp" is located using the given LDAP
12585 base and the filter "(&(objectClass=dhcpServer)(cn=dhcp))".  The
12586 search result is this entry:</p>
12587
12588 <blockquote><pre>
12589 dn: cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12590 cn: dhcp
12591 objectClass: top
12592 objectClass: dhcpServer
12593 dhcpServiceDN: cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12594 </pre></blockquote>
12595
12596 <p>The content of the dhcpServiceDN attribute is next used to locate the
12597 subtree with DHCP configuration.  The DHCP configuration subtree base
12598 is located using a base scope search with base "cn=DHCP
12599 Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no" and filter
12600 "(&(objectClass=dhcpService)(|(dhcpPrimaryDN=cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no)(dhcpSecondaryDN=cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no)))".
12601 The search result is this entry:</p>
12602
12603 <blockquote><pre>
12604 dn: cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12605 cn: DHCP Config
12606 objectClass: top
12607 objectClass: dhcpService
12608 objectClass: dhcpOptions
12609 dhcpPrimaryDN: cn=dhcp, dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12610 dhcpStatements: ddns-update-style none
12611 dhcpStatements: authoritative
12612 dhcpOption: smtp-server code 69 = array of ip-address
12613 dhcpOption: www-server code 72 = array of ip-address
12614 dhcpOption: wpad-url code 252 = text
12615 </pre></blockquote>
12616
12617 <p>Next, the entire subtree is processed, one level at the time.  When
12618 all the DHCP configuration is loaded, it is ready to receive requests.
12619 The subtree in Debian Edu contain objects with object classes
12620 top/dhcpService/dhcpOptions, top/dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions,
12621 top/dhcpSubnet, top/dhcpGroup and top/dhcpHost.  These provide options
12622 and information about netmasks, dynamic range etc.  Leaving out the
12623 details here because it is not relevant for the focus of my
12624 investigation, which is to see if it is possible to merge dns and dhcp
12625 related computer objects.</p>
12626
12627 <p>When a DHCP request come in, LDAP is searched for the MAC address
12628 of the client (00:00:00:00:00:00 in this example), using a subtree
12629 scoped search with "cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no" as
12630 the base and "(&(objectClass=dhcpHost)(dhcpHWAddress=ethernet
12631 00:00:00:00:00:00))" as the filter.  This is what a host object look
12632 like:</p>
12633
12634 <blockquote><pre>
12635 dn: cn=hostname,cn=group1,cn=THINCLIENTS,cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12636 cn: hostname
12637 objectClass: top
12638 objectClass: dhcpHost
12639 dhcpHWAddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
12640 dhcpStatements: fixed-address hostname
12641 </pre></blockquote>
12642
12643 <p>There is less flexiblity in the way LDAP searches are done here.
12644 The object classes need to have fixed names, and the configuration
12645 need to be stored in a fairly specific LDAP structure.  On the
12646 positive side, the invidiual dhcpHost entires can be anywhere without
12647 the DN pointed to by the dhcpServer entries.  The latter should make
12648 it possible to group all host entries in a subtree next to the
12649 configuration entries, and this subtree can also be shared with the
12650 DNS server if the schema proposed above is combined with the dhcpHost
12651 structural object class.
12652
12653 <p><strong>Conclusion</strong></p>
12654
12655 <p>The PowerDNS implementation seem to be very flexible when it come
12656 to which LDAP schemas to use.  While its "tree" mode is rigid when it
12657 come to the the LDAP structure, the "strict" mode is very flexible,
12658 allowing DNS objects to be stored anywhere under the base cn specified
12659 in the configuration.</p>
12660
12661 <p>The DHCP implementation on the other hand is very inflexible, both
12662 regarding which LDAP schemas to use and which LDAP structure to use.
12663 I guess one could implement ones own schema, as long as the
12664 objectclasses and attributes have the names used, but this do not
12665 really help when the DHCP subtree need to have a fairly fixed
12666 structure.</p>
12667
12668 <p>Based on the observed behaviour, I suspect a LDAP structure like
12669 this might work for Debian Edu:</p>
12670
12671 <blockquote><pre>
12672 ou=services
12673   cn=machine-info (dhcpService) - dhcpServiceDN points here
12674     cn=dhcp (dhcpServer)
12675     cn=dhcp-internal (dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions)
12676       cn=10.0.2.0 (dhcpSubnet)
12677         cn=group1 (dhcpGroup/dhcpOptions)
12678     cn=dhcp-thinclients (dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions)
12679       cn=192.168.0.0 (dhcpSubnet)
12680         cn=group1 (dhcpGroup/dhcpOptions)
12681     ou=machines - PowerDNS base points here
12682       cn=hostname (dhcpHost/domainrelatedobject/dnsDomainAux)
12683 </pre></blockquote>
12684
12685 <P>This is not tested yet.  If the DHCP server require the dhcpHost
12686 entries to be in the dhcpGroup subtrees, the entries can be stored
12687 there instead of a common machines subtree, and the PowerDNS base
12688 would have to be moved one level up to the machine-info subtree.</p>
12689
12690 <p>The combined object under the machines subtree would look something
12691 like this:</p>
12692
12693 <blockquote><pre>
12694 dn: dc=hostname,ou=machines,cn=machine-info,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12695 dc: hostname
12696 objectClass: top
12697 objectClass: dhcpHost
12698 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
12699 objectclass: dnsDomainAux
12700 associateddomain: hostname.intern
12701 arecord: 10.11.12.13
12702 dhcpHWAddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
12703 dhcpStatements: fixed-address hostname.intern
12704 </pre></blockquote>
12705
12706 </p>One could even add the LTSP configuration associated with a given
12707 machine, as long as the required attributes are available in a
12708 auxiliary object class.</p>
12709
12710       </div>
12711       <div class="tags">
12712
12713
12714         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12715
12716
12717       </div>
12718     </div>
12719     <div class="padding"></div>
12720
12721     <div class="entry">
12722       <div class="title">
12723         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Combining_PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_LDAP_objects.html">Combining PowerDNS and ISC DHCP LDAP objects</a>
12724       </div>
12725       <div class="date">
12726         14th July 2010
12727       </div>
12728       <div class="body">
12729         <p>For a while now, I have wanted to find a way to change the DNS and
12730 DHCP services in Debian Edu to use the same LDAP objects for a given
12731 computer, to avoid the possibility of having a inconsistent state for
12732 a computer in LDAP (as in DHCP but no DNS entry or the other way
12733 around) and make it easier to add computers to LDAP.</p>
12734
12735 <p>I've looked at how powerdns and dhcpd is using LDAP, and using this
12736 information finally found a solution that seem to work.</p>
12737
12738 <p>The old setup required three LDAP objects for a given computer.
12739 One forward DNS entry, one reverse DNS entry and one DHCP entry.  If
12740 we switch powerdns to use its strict LDAP method (ldap-method=strict
12741 in pdns-debian-edu.conf), the forward and reverse DNS entries are
12742 merged into one while making it impossible to transfer the reverse map
12743 to a slave DNS server.</p>
12744
12745 <p>If we also replace the object class used to get the DNS related
12746 attributes to one allowing these attributes to be combined with the
12747 dhcphost object class, we can merge the DNS and DHCP entries into one.
12748 I've written such object class in the dnsdomainaux.schema file (need
12749 proper OIDs, but that is a minor issue), and tested the setup.  It
12750 seem to work.</p>
12751
12752 <p>With this test setup in place, we can get away with one LDAP object
12753 for both DNS and DHCP, and even the LTSP configuration I suggested in
12754 an earlier email.  The combined LDAP object will look something like
12755 this:</p>
12756
12757 <blockquote><pre>
12758   dn: cn=hostname,cn=group1,cn=THINCLIENTS,cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12759   cn: hostname
12760   objectClass: dhcphost
12761   objectclass: domainrelatedobject
12762   objectclass: dnsdomainaux
12763   associateddomain: hostname.intern
12764   arecord: 10.11.12.13
12765   dhcphwaddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
12766   dhcpstatements: fixed-address hostname
12767   ldapconfigsound: Y
12768 </pre></blockquote>
12769
12770 <p>The DNS server uses the associateddomain and arecord entries, while
12771 the DHCP server uses the dhcphwaddress and dhcpstatements entries
12772 before asking DNS to resolve the fixed-adddress.  LTSP will use
12773 dhcphwaddress or associateddomain and the ldapconfig* attributes.</p>
12774
12775 <p>I am not yet sure if I can get the DHCP server to look for its
12776 dhcphost in a different location, to allow us to put the objects
12777 outside the "DHCP Config" subtree, but hope to figure out a way to do
12778 that.  If I can't figure out a way to do that, we can still get rid of
12779 the hosts subtree and move all its content into the DHCP Config tree
12780 (which probably should be renamed to be more related to the new
12781 content.  I suspect cn=dnsdhcp,ou=services or something like that
12782 might be a good place to put it.</p>
12783
12784 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
12785 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12786
12787       </div>
12788       <div class="tags">
12789
12790
12791         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12792
12793
12794       </div>
12795     </div>
12796     <div class="padding"></div>
12797
12798     <div class="entry">
12799       <div class="title">
12800         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_storing_LTSP_configuration_in_LDAP.html">Idea for storing LTSP configuration in LDAP</a>
12801       </div>
12802       <div class="date">
12803         11th July 2010
12804       </div>
12805       <div class="body">
12806         <p>Vagrant mentioned on IRC today that ltsp_config now support
12807 sourcing files from /usr/share/ltsp/ltsp_config.d/ on the thin
12808 clients, and that this can be used to fetch configuration from LDAP if
12809 Debian Edu choose to store configuration there.</p>
12810
12811 <p>Armed with this information, I got inspired and wrote a test module
12812 to get configuration from LDAP.  The idea is to look up the MAC
12813 address of the client in LDAP, and look for attributes on the form
12814 ltspconfigsetting=value, and use this to export SETTING=value to the
12815 LTSP clients.</p>
12816
12817 <p>The goal is to be able to store the LTSP configuration attributes
12818 in a "computer" LDAP object used by both DNS and DHCP, and thus
12819 allowing us to store all information about a computer in one place.</p>
12820
12821 <p>This is a untested draft implementation, and I welcome feedback on
12822 this approach.  A real LDAP schema for the ltspClientAux objectclass
12823 need to be written.  Comments, suggestions, etc?</p>
12824
12825 <blockquote><pre>
12826 # Store in /opt/ltsp/$arch/usr/share/ltsp/ltsp_config.d/ldap-config
12827 #
12828 # Fetch LTSP client settings from LDAP based on MAC address
12829 #
12830 # Uses ethernet address as stored in the dhcpHost objectclass using
12831 # the dhcpHWAddress attribute or ethernet address stored in the
12832 # ieee802Device objectclass with the macAddress attribute.
12833 #
12834 # This module is written to be schema agnostic, and only depend on the
12835 # existence of attribute names.
12836 #
12837 # The LTSP configuration variables are saved directly using a
12838 # ltspConfig prefix and uppercasing the rest of the attribute name.
12839 # To set the SERVER variable, set the ltspConfigServer attribute.
12840 #
12841 # Some LDAP schema should be created with all the relevant
12842 # configuration settings.  Something like this should work:
12843 #
12844 # objectclass ( 1.1.2.2 NAME 'ltspClientAux'
12845 #     SUP top
12846 #     AUXILIARY
12847 #     MAY ( ltspConfigServer $ ltsConfigSound $ ... )
12848
12849 LDAPSERVER=$(debian-edu-ldapserver)
12850 if [ "$LDAPSERVER" ] ; then
12851     LDAPBASE=$(debian-edu-ldapserver -b)
12852     for MAC in $(LANG=C ifconfig |grep -i hwaddr| awk '{print $5}'|sort -u) ; do
12853         filter="(|(dhcpHWAddress=ethernet $MAC)(macAddress=$MAC))"
12854         ldapsearch -h "$LDAPSERVER" -b "$LDAPBASE" -v -x "$filter" | \
12855             grep '^ltspConfig' | while read attr value ; do
12856             # Remove prefix and convert to upper case
12857             attr=$(echo $attr | sed 's/^ltspConfig//i' | tr a-z A-Z)
12858             # bass value on to clients
12859             eval "$attr=$value; export $attr"
12860         done
12861     done
12862 fi
12863 </pre></blockquote>
12864
12865 <p>I'm not sure this shell construction will work, because I suspect
12866 the while block might end up in a subshell causing the variables set
12867 there to not show up in ltsp-config, but if that is the case I am sure
12868 the code can be restructured to make sure the variables are passed on.
12869 I expect that can be solved with some testing. :)</p>
12870
12871 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
12872 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12873
12874 <p>Update 2010-07-17: I am aware of another effort to store LTSP
12875 configuration in LDAP that was created around year 2000 by
12876 <a href="http://www.pcxperience.com/thinclient/documentation/ldap.html">PC
12877 Xperience, Inc., 2000</a>.  I found its
12878 <a href="http://people.redhat.com/alikins/ltsp/ldap/">files</a> on a
12879 personal home page over at redhat.com.</p>
12880
12881       </div>
12882       <div class="tags">
12883
12884
12885         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12886
12887
12888       </div>
12889     </div>
12890     <div class="padding"></div>
12891
12892     <div class="entry">
12893       <div class="title">
12894         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/jXplorer__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">jXplorer, a very nice LDAP GUI</a>
12895       </div>
12896       <div class="date">
12897          9th July 2010
12898       </div>
12899       <div class="body">
12900         <p>Since
12901 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/LUMA__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">my
12902 last post</a> about available LDAP tools in Debian, I was told about a
12903 LDAP GUI that is even better than luma.  The java application
12904 <a href="http://jxplorer.org/">jXplorer</a> is claimed to be capable of
12905 moving LDAP objects and subtrees using drag-and-drop, and can
12906 authenticate using Kerberos.  I have only tested the Kerberos
12907 authentication, but do not have a LDAP setup allowing me to rewrite
12908 LDAP with my test user yet.  It is
12909 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/j/jxplorer.html">available in
12910 Debian</a> testing and unstable at the moment.  The only problem I
12911 have with it is how it handle errors.  If something go wrong, its
12912 non-intuitive behaviour require me to go through some query work list
12913 and remove the failing query.  Nothing big, but very annoying.</p>
12914
12915       </div>
12916       <div class="tags">
12917
12918
12919         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12920
12921
12922       </div>
12923     </div>
12924     <div class="padding"></div>
12925
12926     <div class="entry">
12927       <div class="title">
12928         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__apt_vs_aptitude_with_the_Gnome_desktop.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, apt vs aptitude with the Gnome desktop</a>
12929       </div>
12930       <div class="date">
12931          3rd July 2010
12932       </div>
12933       <div class="body">
12934         <p>Here is a short update on my <a
12935 href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">my
12936 Debian Lenny->Squeeze upgrade testing</a>.  Here is a summary of the
12937 difference for Gnome when it is upgraded by apt-get and aptitude.  I'm
12938 not reporting the status for KDE, because the upgrade crashes when
12939 aptitude try because of missing conflicts
12940 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584861">#584861</a> and
12941 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/585716">#585716</a>).</p>
12942
12943 <p>At the end of the upgrade test script, dpkg -l is executed to get a
12944 complete list of the installed packages.  Based on this I see these
12945 differences when I did a test run today.  As usual, I do not really
12946 know what the correct set of packages would be, but thought it best to
12947 publish the difference.</p>
12948
12949 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
12950
12951 <blockquote><p>
12952   at-spi cpp-4.3 finger gnome-spell gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
12953   libatspi1.0-0 libcupsys2 libeel2-data libgail-common libgdl-1-common
12954   libgnomeprint2.2-data libgnomeprintui2.2-common libgnomevfs2-bin
12955   libgtksourceview-common libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa
12956   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libservlet2.4-java libxalan2-java
12957   libxerces2-java openoffice.org-writer2latex openssl-blacklist p7zip
12958   python-4suite-xml python-eggtrayicon python-gtkhtml2
12959   python-gtkmozembed svgalibg1 xserver-xephyr zip
12960 </p></blockquote>
12961
12962 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
12963
12964 <blockquote><p>
12965   bluez-utils dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop epiphany-gecko
12966   gnome-app-install gnome-mount gnome-vfs-obexftp gnome-volume-manager
12967   libao2 libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5 libbind9-50
12968   libbluetooth2 libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7 libcucul0 libcurl3
12969   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdvdread3 libedata-cal1.2-6 libedataserver1.2-9
12970   libeel2-2.20 libepc-1.0-1 libepc-ui-1.0-1 libexchange-storage1.2-3
12971   libfaad0 libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libggz2 libggzcore9
12972   libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0 libgnome-desktop-2
12973   libgnome-pilot2 libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomeprint2.2-0
12974   libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtkhtml2-0
12975   libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgucharmap6 libhesiod0 libicu38 libisccc50
12976   libisccfg50 libiw29 libkpathsea4 libltdl3 liblwres50 libmagick++10
12977   libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmtp7 libmysqlclient15off libnautilus-burn4
12978   libneon27 libnm-glib0 libnm-util0 libopal-2.2 libosp5
12979   libparted1.8-10 libpisock9 libpisync1 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3
12980   libpt-1.10.10 libraw1394-8 libsensors3 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8
12981   libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1
12982   libtotem-plparser10 libtrackerclient0 libvoikko1 libxalan2-java-gcj
12983   libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12 libxtrap6 libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3
12984   mysql-common swfdec-gnome totem-gstreamer wodim
12985 </p></blockquote>
12986
12987 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
12988
12989 <blockquote><p>
12990   gnome gnome-desktop-environment hamster-applet python-gnomeapplet
12991   python-gnomekeyring python-wnck rhythmbox-plugins xorg
12992   xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
12993   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
12994   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-video-all
12995   xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark xserver-xorg-video-ati
12996   xserver-xorg-video-chips xserver-xorg-video-cirrus
12997   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
12998   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
12999   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-mach64
13000   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
13001   xserver-xorg-video-nouveau xserver-xorg-video-nv
13002   xserver-xorg-video-r128 xserver-xorg-video-radeon
13003   xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd xserver-xorg-video-rendition
13004   xserver-xorg-video-s3 xserver-xorg-video-s3virge
13005   xserver-xorg-video-savage xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion
13006   xserver-xorg-video-sis xserver-xorg-video-sisusb
13007   xserver-xorg-video-tdfx xserver-xorg-video-tga
13008   xserver-xorg-video-trident xserver-xorg-video-tseng
13009   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vmware
13010   xserver-xorg-video-voodoo
13011 </p></blockquote>
13012
13013 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
13014
13015 <blockquote><p>
13016   deskbar-applet xserver-xorg xserver-xorg-core
13017   xserver-xorg-input-wacom xserver-xorg-video-intel
13018   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome
13019 </p></blockquote>
13020
13021 <p>I was told on IRC that the xorg-xserver package was
13022 <a href="http://git.debian.org/?p=pkg-xorg/xserver/xorg-server.git;a=commit;h=9c8080d06c457932d3bfec021c69ac000aa60120">changed
13023 in git</a> today to try to get apt-get to not remove xorg completely.
13024 No idea when it hits Squeeze, but when it does I hope it will reduce
13025 the difference somewhat.
13026
13027       </div>
13028       <div class="tags">
13029
13030
13031         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13032
13033
13034       </div>
13035     </div>
13036     <div class="padding"></div>
13037
13038     <div class="entry">
13039       <div class="title">
13040         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Caching_password__user_and_group_on_a_roaming_Debian_laptop.html">Caching password, user and group on a roaming Debian laptop</a>
13041       </div>
13042       <div class="date">
13043          1st July 2010
13044       </div>
13045       <div class="body">
13046         <p>For a laptop, centralized user directories and password checking is
13047 a bit troubling.  Laptops are typically used also when not connected
13048 to the network, and it is vital for a user to be able to log in or
13049 unlock the screen saver also when a central server is unavailable.
13050 This is possible by caching passwords and directory information (user
13051 and group attributes) locally, and the packages to do so are available
13052 in Debian.  Here follow two recipes to set this up in Debian/Squeeze.
13053 It is also possible to set up in Debian/Lenny, but require more manual
13054 setup there because pam-auth-update is missing in Lenny.</p>
13055
13056 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + nscd + libpam-ccreds + libpam-mklocaluser/pam_mkhomedir</h2>
13057
13058 This is the traditional method with a twist.  The password caching is
13059 provided by libpam-ccreds (version 10-4 or later is needed on
13060 Squeeze), and the directory caching is done by nscd.  The directory
13061 lookup and password checking is done using LDAP.  If one want to use
13062 Kerberos for password checking the libpam-ldapd package can be
13063 replaced with libpam-krb5 or libpam-heimdal.  If one is happy having a
13064 local home directory with the path listed in LDAP, one can use the
13065 pam_mkhomedir module from pam-modules to make this happen instead of
13066 using libpam-mklocaluser.  A setup for pam-auth-update to enable
13067 pam_mkhomedir will have to be written until a fix for
13068 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/568577">bug #568577</a> is in the
13069 archive.  Because I believe it is a bad idea to have local home
13070 directories using misleading paths like /site/server/partition/, I
13071 prefer to create a local user with the home directory in /home/.  This
13072 is done using the libpam-mklocaluser package.</p>
13073
13074 <p>These packages need to be installed and configured</p>
13075
13076 <blockquote><pre>
13077 libnss-ldapd libpam-ldapd nscd libpam-ccreds libpam-mklocaluser
13078 </pre></blockquote>
13079
13080 <p>The ldapd packages will ask for LDAP connection information, and
13081 one have to fill in the values that fits ones own site.  Make sure the
13082 PAM part uses encrypted connections, to make sure the password is not
13083 sent in clear text to the LDAP server.  I've been unable to get TLS
13084 certificate checking for a self signed certificate working, which make
13085 LDAP authentication unsafe for Debian Edu (nslcd is not checking if it
13086 is talking to the correct LDAP server), and very much welcome feedback
13087 on how to get this working.</p>
13088
13089 <p>Because nscd do not have a default configuration fit for offline
13090 caching until <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/485282">bug #485282</a>
13091 is fixed, this configuration should be used instead of the one
13092 currently in /etc/nscd.conf.  The changes are in the fields
13093 reload-count and positive-time-to-live, and is based on the
13094 instructions I found in the
13095 <a href="http://www.flyn.org/laptopldap/">LDAP for Mobile Laptops</a>
13096 instructions by Flyn Computing.</p>
13097
13098 <blockquote><pre>
13099         debug-level             0
13100         reload-count            unlimited
13101         paranoia                no
13102
13103         enable-cache            passwd          yes
13104         positive-time-to-live   passwd          2592000
13105         negative-time-to-live   passwd          20
13106         suggested-size          passwd          211
13107         check-files             passwd          yes
13108         persistent              passwd          yes
13109         shared                  passwd          yes
13110         max-db-size             passwd          33554432
13111         auto-propagate          passwd          yes
13112
13113         enable-cache            group           yes
13114         positive-time-to-live   group           2592000
13115         negative-time-to-live   group           20
13116         suggested-size          group           211
13117         check-files             group           yes
13118         persistent              group           yes
13119         shared                  group           yes
13120         max-db-size             group           33554432
13121         auto-propagate          group           yes
13122
13123         enable-cache            hosts           no
13124         positive-time-to-live   hosts           2592000
13125         negative-time-to-live   hosts           20
13126         suggested-size          hosts           211
13127         check-files             hosts           yes
13128         persistent              hosts           yes
13129         shared                  hosts           yes
13130         max-db-size             hosts           33554432
13131
13132         enable-cache            services        yes
13133         positive-time-to-live   services        2592000
13134         negative-time-to-live   services        20
13135         suggested-size          services        211
13136         check-files             services        yes
13137         persistent              services        yes
13138         shared                  services        yes
13139         max-db-size             services        33554432
13140 </pre></blockquote>
13141
13142 <p>While we wait for a mechanism to update /etc/nsswitch.conf
13143 automatically like the one provided in
13144 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/496915">bug #496915</a>, the file
13145 content need to be manually replaced to ensure LDAP is used as the
13146 directory service on the machine.  /etc/nsswitch.conf should normally
13147 look like this:</p>
13148
13149 <blockquote><pre>
13150 passwd:         files ldap
13151 group:          files ldap
13152 shadow:         files ldap
13153 hosts:          files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns mdns4
13154 networks:       files
13155 protocols:      files
13156 services:       files
13157 ethers:         files
13158 rpc:            files
13159 netgroup:       files ldap
13160 </pre></blockquote>
13161
13162 <p>The important parts are that ldap is listed last for passwd, group,
13163 shadow and netgroup.</p>
13164
13165 <p>With these changes in place, any user in LDAP will be able to log
13166 in locally on the machine using for example kdm, get a local home
13167 directory created and have the password as well as user and group
13168 attributes cached.
13169
13170 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + nss-updatedb + libpam-ccreds +
13171   libpam-mklocaluser/pam_mkhomedir</h2>
13172
13173 <p>Because nscd have had its share of problems, and seem to have
13174 problems doing proper caching, I've seen suggestions and recipes to
13175 use nss-updatedb to copy parts of the LDAP database locally when the
13176 LDAP database is available.  I have not tested such setup, because I
13177 discovered sssd.</p>
13178
13179 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + sssd + libpam-mklocaluser</h2>
13180
13181 <p>A more flexible and robust setup than the nscd combination
13182 mentioned earlier that has shown up recently, is the
13183 <a href="https://fedorahosted.org/sssd/">sssd</a> package from Redhat.
13184 It is part of the <a href="http://www.freeipa.org/">FreeIPA</A> project
13185 to provide a Active Directory like directory service for Linux
13186 machines.  The sssd system combines the caching of passwords and user
13187 information into one package, and remove the need for nscd and
13188 libpam-ccreds.  It support LDAP and Kerberos, but not NIS.  Version
13189 1.2 do not support netgroups, but it is said that it will support this
13190 in version 1.5 expected to show up later in 2010.  Because the
13191 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/sssd.html">sssd package</a>
13192 was missing in Debian, I ended up co-maintaining it with Werner, and
13193 version 1.2 is now in testing.
13194
13195 <p>These packages need to be installed and configured to get the
13196 roaming setup I want</p>
13197
13198 <blockquote><pre>
13199 libpam-sss libnss-sss libpam-mklocaluser
13200 </pre></blockquote>
13201
13202 The complete setup of sssd is done by editing/creating
13203 <tt>/etc/sssd/sssd.conf</tt>.
13204
13205 <blockquote><pre>
13206 [sssd]
13207 config_file_version = 2
13208 reconnection_retries = 3
13209 sbus_timeout = 30
13210 services = nss, pam
13211 domains = INTERN
13212
13213 [nss]
13214 filter_groups = root
13215 filter_users = root
13216 reconnection_retries = 3
13217
13218 [pam]
13219 reconnection_retries = 3
13220
13221 [domain/INTERN]
13222 enumerate = false
13223 cache_credentials = true
13224
13225 id_provider = ldap
13226 auth_provider = ldap
13227 chpass_provider = ldap
13228
13229 ldap_uri = ldap://ldap
13230 ldap_search_base = dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
13231 ldap_tls_reqcert = never
13232 ldap_tls_cacert = /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt
13233 </pre></blockquote>
13234
13235 <p>I got the same problem here with certificate checking.  Had to set
13236 "ldap_tls_reqcert = never" to get it working.</p>
13237
13238 <p>With the libnss-sss package in testing at the moment, the
13239 nsswitch.conf file is update automatically, so there is no need to
13240 modify it manually.</p>
13241
13242 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
13243 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
13244
13245       </div>
13246       <div class="tags">
13247
13248
13249         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13250
13251
13252       </div>
13253     </div>
13254     <div class="padding"></div>
13255
13256     <div class="entry">
13257       <div class="title">
13258         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/LUMA__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">LUMA, a very nice LDAP GUI</a>
13259       </div>
13260       <div class="date">
13261         28th June 2010
13262       </div>
13263       <div class="body">
13264         <p>The last few days I have been looking into the status of the LDAP
13265 directory in Debian Edu, and in the process I started to miss a GUI
13266 tool to browse the LDAP tree.  The only one I was able to find in
13267 Debian/Squeeze and Lenny is
13268 <a href="http://luma.sourceforge.net/">LUMA</a>, which has proved to
13269 be a great tool to get a overview of the current LDAP directory
13270 populated by default in Skolelinux.  Thanks to it, I have been able to
13271 find empty and obsolete subtrees, misplaced objects and duplicate
13272 objects.  It will be installed by default in Debian/Squeeze.  If you
13273 are working with LDAP, give it a go. :)</p>
13274
13275 <p>I did notice one problem with it I have not had time to report to
13276 the BTS yet.  There is no .desktop file in the package, so the tool do
13277 not show up in the Gnome and KDE menus, but only deep down in in the
13278 Debian submenu in KDE.  I hope that can be fixed before Squeeze is
13279 released.</p>
13280
13281 <p>I have not yet been able to get it to modify the tree yet.  I would
13282 like to move objects and remove subtrees directly in the GUI, but have
13283 not found a way to do that with LUMA yet.  So in the mean time, I use
13284 <a href="http://www.lichteblau.com/ldapvi/">ldapvi</a> for that.</p>
13285
13286 <p>If you have tips on other GUI tools for LDAP that might be useful
13287 in Debian Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
13288
13289 <p>Update 2010-06-29: Ross Reedstrom tipped us about the
13290 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/g/gq.html">gq</a> package as a
13291 useful GUI alternative.  It seem like a good tool, but is unmaintained
13292 in Debian and got a RC bug keeping it out of Squeeze.  Unless that
13293 changes, it will not be an option for Debian Edu based on Squeeze.</p>
13294
13295       </div>
13296       <div class="tags">
13297
13298
13299         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13300
13301
13302       </div>
13303     </div>
13304     <div class="padding"></div>
13305
13306     <div class="entry">
13307       <div class="title">
13308         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_a_change_to_LDAP_schemas_allowing_DNS_and_DHCP_info_to_be_combined_into_one_object.html">Idea for a change to LDAP schemas allowing DNS and DHCP info to be combined into one object</a>
13309       </div>
13310       <div class="date">
13311         24th June 2010
13312       </div>
13313       <div class="body">
13314         <p>A while back, I
13315 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">complained
13316 about the fact</a> that it is not possible with the provided schemas
13317 for storing DNS and DHCP information in LDAP to combine the two sets
13318 of information into one LDAP object representing a computer.</p>
13319
13320 <p>In the mean time, I discovered that a simple fix would be to make
13321 the dhcpHost object class auxiliary, to allow it to be combined with
13322 the dNSDomain object class, and thus forming one object for one
13323 computer when storing both DHCP and DNS information in LDAP.</p>
13324
13325 <p>If I understand this correctly, it is not safe to do this change
13326 without also changing the assigned number for the object class, and I
13327 do not know enough about LDAP schema design to do that properly for
13328 Debian Edu.</p>
13329
13330 <p>Anyway, for future reference, this is how I believe we could change
13331 the
13332 <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-dhc-ldap-schema-00">DHCP
13333 schema</a> to solve at least part of the problem with the LDAP schemas
13334 available today from IETF.</p>
13335
13336 <pre>
13337 --- dhcp.schema    (revision 65192)
13338 +++ dhcp.schema    (working copy)
13339 @@ -376,7 +376,7 @@
13340  objectclass ( 2.16.840.1.113719.1.203.6.6
13341         NAME 'dhcpHost'
13342         DESC 'This represents information about a particular client'
13343 -       SUP top
13344 +       SUP top AUXILIARY
13345         MUST cn
13346         MAY  (dhcpLeaseDN $ dhcpHWAddress $ dhcpOptionsDN $ dhcpStatements $ dhcpComments $ dhcpOption)
13347         X-NDS_CONTAINMENT ('dhcpService' 'dhcpSubnet' 'dhcpGroup') )
13348 </pre>
13349
13350 <p>I very much welcome clues on how to do this properly for Debian
13351 Edu/Squeeze.  We provide the DHCP schema in our debian-edu-config
13352 package, and should thus be free to rewrite it as we see fit.</p>
13353
13354 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
13355 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
13356
13357       </div>
13358       <div class="tags">
13359
13360
13361         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13362
13363
13364       </div>
13365     </div>
13366     <div class="padding"></div>
13367
13368     <div class="entry">
13369       <div class="title">
13370         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__removals_by_apt_and_aptitude.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, removals by apt and aptitude</a>
13371       </div>
13372       <div class="date">
13373         13th June 2010
13374       </div>
13375       <div class="body">
13376         <p>My
13377 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_upgrade_testing_from_Lenny_to_Squeeze.html">testing
13378 of Debian upgrades</a> from Lenny to Squeeze continues, and I've
13379 finally made the upgrade logs available from
13380 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/debian-upgrade-testing/</a>.
13381 I am now testing dist-upgrade of Gnome and KDE in a chroot using both
13382 apt and aptitude, and found their differences interesting.  This time
13383 I will only focus on their removal plans.</p>
13384
13385 <p>After installing a Gnome desktop and the laptop task, apt-get wants
13386 to remove 72 packages when dist-upgrading from Lenny to Squeeze.  The
13387 surprising part is that it want to remove xorg and all
13388 xserver-xorg-video* drivers.  Clearly not a good choice, but I am not
13389 sure why.  When asking aptitude to do the same, it want to remove 129
13390 packages, but most of them are library packages I suspect are no
13391 longer needed.  Both of them want to remove bluetooth packages, which
13392 I do not know.  Perhaps these bluetooth packages are obsolete?</p>
13393
13394 <p>For KDE, apt-get want to remove 82 packages, among them kdebase
13395 which seem like a bad idea and xorg the same way as with Gnome. Asking
13396 aptitude for the same, it wants to remove 192 packages, none which are
13397 too surprising.</p>
13398
13399 <p>I guess the removal of xorg during upgrades should be investigated
13400 and avoided, and perhaps others as well.  Here are the complete list
13401 of planned removals.  The complete logs is available from the URL
13402 above.  Note if you want to repeat these tests, that the upgrade test
13403 for kde+apt-get hung in the tasksel setup because of dpkg asking
13404 conffile questions.  No idea why.  I worked around it by using
13405 '<tt>echo >> /proc/<em>pidofdpkg</em>/fd/0</tt>' to tell dpkg to
13406 continue.</p>
13407
13408 <p><b>apt-get gnome 72</b>
13409 <br>bluez-gnome cupsddk-drivers deskbar-applet gnome
13410   gnome-desktop-environment gnome-network-admin gtkhtml3.14
13411   iceweasel-gnome-support libavcodec51 libdatrie0 libgdl-1-0
13412   libgnomekbd2 libgnomekbdui2 libmetacity0 libslab0 libxcb-xlib0
13413   nautilus-cd-burner python-gnome2-desktop python-gnome2-extras
13414   serpentine swfdec-mozilla update-manager xorg xserver-xorg
13415   xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
13416   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
13417   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-input-wacom
13418   xserver-xorg-video-all xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark
13419   xserver-xorg-video-ati xserver-xorg-video-chips
13420   xserver-xorg-video-cirrus xserver-xorg-video-cyrix
13421   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
13422   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
13423   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-imstt
13424   xserver-xorg-video-intel xserver-xorg-video-mach64
13425   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
13426   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-nv
13427   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome xserver-xorg-video-r128
13428   xserver-xorg-video-radeon xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd
13429   xserver-xorg-video-rendition xserver-xorg-video-s3
13430   xserver-xorg-video-s3virge xserver-xorg-video-savage
13431   xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion xserver-xorg-video-sis
13432   xserver-xorg-video-sisusb xserver-xorg-video-tdfx
13433   xserver-xorg-video-tga xserver-xorg-video-trident
13434   xserver-xorg-video-tseng xserver-xorg-video-v4l
13435   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vga
13436   xserver-xorg-video-vmware xserver-xorg-video-voodoo xulrunner-1.9
13437   xulrunner-1.9-gnome-support</p>
13438
13439 <p><b>aptitude gnome 129</b>
13440
13441 <br>bluez-gnome bluez-utils cpp-4.3 cupsddk-drivers dhcdbd
13442   djvulibre-desktop finger gnome-app-install gnome-mount
13443   gnome-network-admin gnome-spell gnome-vfs-obexftp
13444   gnome-volume-manager gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs gtkhtml3.14 libao2
13445   libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5 libavcodec51 libbluetooth2
13446   libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7 libcucul0 libcupsys2 libcurl3 libdatrie0
13447   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdvdread3 libedataserver1.2-9 libeel2-2.20
13448   libeel2-data libepc-1.0-1 libepc-ui-1.0-1 libfaad0 libgail-common
13449   libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libgdl-1-0 libgdl-1-common
13450   libggz2 libggzcore9 libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0
13451   libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomekbd2 libgnomekbdui2 libgnomeprint2.2-0
13452   libgnomeprint2.2-data libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgnomeprintui2.2-common
13453   libgnomevfs2-bin libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtkhtml2-0
13454   libgtksourceview-common libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgucharmap6
13455   libhesiod0 libicu38 libiw29 libkpathsea4 libltdl3 libmagick++10
13456   libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmetacity0 libmtp7 libmysqlclient15off
13457   libnautilus-burn4 libneon27 libnm-glib0 libnm-util0 libopal-2.2
13458   libosp5 libparted1.8-10 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3 libpt-1.10.10
13459   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libraw1394-8
13460   libsensors3 libslab0 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8 libssh2-1
13461   libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1 libtotem-plparser10
13462   libtrackerclient0 libxalan2-java libxalan2-java-gcj libxcb-xlib0
13463   libxerces2-java libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12 libxtrap6
13464   libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3 mysql-common nautilus-cd-burner
13465   openoffice.org-writer2latex openssl-blacklist p7zip
13466   python-4suite-xml python-eggtrayicon python-gnome2-desktop
13467   python-gnome2-extras python-gtkhtml2 python-gtkmozembed
13468   python-numeric python-sexy serpentine svgalibg1 swfdec-gnome
13469   swfdec-mozilla totem-gstreamer update-manager wodim
13470   xserver-xorg-video-cyrix xserver-xorg-video-imstt
13471   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-v4l xserver-xorg-video-vga
13472   zip</p>
13473
13474 <p><b>apt-get kde 82</b>
13475
13476 <br>cupsddk-drivers karm kaudiocreator kcoloredit kcontrol kde kde-core
13477   kdeaddons kdeartwork kdebase kdebase-bin kdebase-bin-kde3
13478   kdebase-kio-plugins kdesktop kdeutils khelpcenter kicker
13479   kicker-applets knewsticker kolourpaint konq-plugins konqueror korn
13480   kpersonalizer kscreensaver ksplash libavcodec51 libdatrie0 libkiten1
13481   libxcb-xlib0 quanta superkaramba texlive-base-bin xorg xserver-xorg
13482   xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
13483   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
13484   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-input-wacom
13485   xserver-xorg-video-all xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark
13486   xserver-xorg-video-ati xserver-xorg-video-chips
13487   xserver-xorg-video-cirrus xserver-xorg-video-cyrix
13488   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
13489   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
13490   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-imstt
13491   xserver-xorg-video-intel xserver-xorg-video-mach64
13492   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
13493   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-nv
13494   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome xserver-xorg-video-r128
13495   xserver-xorg-video-radeon xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd
13496   xserver-xorg-video-rendition xserver-xorg-video-s3
13497   xserver-xorg-video-s3virge xserver-xorg-video-savage
13498   xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion xserver-xorg-video-sis
13499   xserver-xorg-video-sisusb xserver-xorg-video-tdfx
13500   xserver-xorg-video-tga xserver-xorg-video-trident
13501   xserver-xorg-video-tseng xserver-xorg-video-v4l
13502   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vga
13503   xserver-xorg-video-vmware xserver-xorg-video-voodoo xulrunner-1.9</p>
13504
13505 <p><b>aptitude kde 192</b>
13506 <br>bluez-utils cpp-4.3 cupsddk-drivers cvs dcoprss dhcdbd
13507   djvulibre-desktop dosfstools eyesapplet fifteenapplet finger gettext
13508   ghostscript-x imlib-base imlib11 indi kandy karm kasteroids
13509   kaudiocreator kbackgammon kbstate kcoloredit kcontrol kcron kdat
13510   kdeadmin-kfile-plugins kdeartwork-misc kdeartwork-theme-window
13511   kdebase-bin-kde3 kdebase-kio-plugins kdeedu-data
13512   kdegraphics-kfile-plugins kdelirc kdemultimedia-kappfinder-data
13513   kdemultimedia-kfile-plugins kdenetwork-kfile-plugins
13514   kdepim-kfile-plugins kdepim-kio-plugins kdeprint kdesktop kdessh
13515   kdict kdnssd kdvi kedit keduca kenolaba kfax kfaxview kfouleggs
13516   kghostview khelpcenter khexedit kiconedit kitchensync klatin
13517   klickety kmailcvt kmenuedit kmid kmilo kmoon kmrml kodo kolourpaint
13518   kooka korn kpager kpdf kpercentage kpf kpilot kpoker kpovmodeler
13519   krec kregexpeditor ksayit ksim ksirc ksirtet ksmiletris ksmserver
13520   ksnake ksokoban ksplash ksvg ksysv ktip ktnef kuickshow kverbos
13521   kview kviewshell kvoctrain kwifimanager kwin kwin4 kworldclock
13522   kxsldbg libakode2 libao2 libarts1-akode libarts1-audiofile
13523   libarts1-mpeglib libarts1-xine libavahi-compat-libdnssd1
13524   libavahi-core5 libavc1394-0 libavcodec51 libbluetooth2
13525   libboost-python1.34.1 libcucul0 libcurl3 libcvsservice0 libdatrie0
13526   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdjvulibre21 libdvdread3 libfaad0 libfreebob0
13527   libgail-common libgd2-noxpm libgraphviz4 libgsmme1c2a libgtkhtml2-0
13528   libicu38 libiec61883-0 libindex0 libiw29 libk3b3 libkcal2b libkcddb1
13529   libkdeedu3 libkdepim1a libkgantt0 libkiten1 libkleopatra1 libkmime2
13530   libkpathsea4 libkpimexchange1 libkpimidentities1 libkscan1
13531   libksieve0 libktnef1 liblockdev1 libltdl3 libmagick10 libmimelib1c2a
13532   libmozjs1d libmpcdec3 libneon27 libnm-util0 libopensync0 libpisock9
13533   libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler-qt2 libpoppler3 libraw1394-8 libsmbios2
13534   libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libtalloc1 libtiff-tools
13535   libxalan2-java libxalan2-java-gcj libxcb-xlib0 libxerces2-java
13536   libxerces2-java-gcj libxtrap6 mpeglib networkstatus
13537   openoffice.org-writer2latex pmount poster psutils quanta quanta-data
13538   superkaramba svgalibg1 tex-common texlive-base texlive-base-bin
13539   texlive-common texlive-doc-base texlive-fonts-recommended
13540   xserver-xorg-video-cyrix xserver-xorg-video-imstt
13541   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-v4l xserver-xorg-video-vga
13542   xulrunner-1.9</p>
13543
13544
13545       </div>
13546       <div class="tags">
13547
13548
13549         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13550
13551
13552       </div>
13553     </div>
13554     <div class="padding"></div>
13555
13556     <div class="entry">
13557       <div class="title">
13558         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_upgrade_testing_from_Lenny_to_Squeeze.html">Automatic upgrade testing from Lenny to Squeeze</a>
13559       </div>
13560       <div class="date">
13561         11th June 2010
13562       </div>
13563       <div class="body">
13564         <p>The last few days I have done some upgrade testing in Debian, to
13565 see if the upgrade from Lenny to Squeeze will go smoothly.  A few bugs
13566 have been discovered and reported in the process
13567 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/585410">#585410</a> in nagios3-cgi,
13568 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584879">#584879</a> already fixed in
13569 enscript and <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584861">#584861</a> in
13570 kdebase-workspace-data), and to get a more regular testing going on, I
13571 am working on a script to automate the test.</p>
13572
13573 <p>The idea is to create a Lenny chroot and use tasksel to install a
13574 Gnome or KDE desktop installation inside the chroot before upgrading
13575 it.  To ensure no services are started in the chroot, a policy-rc.d
13576 script is inserted.  To make sure tasksel believe it is to install a
13577 desktop on a laptop, the tasksel tests are replaced in the chroot
13578 (only acceptable because this is a throw-away chroot).</p>
13579
13580 <p>A naive upgrade from Lenny to Squeeze using aptitude dist-upgrade
13581 currently always fail because udev refuses to upgrade with the kernel
13582 in Lenny, so to avoid that problem the file /etc/udev/kernel-upgrade
13583 is created.  The bug report
13584 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/566000">#566000</a> make me suspect
13585 this problem do not trigger in a chroot, but I touch the file anyway
13586 to make sure the upgrade go well.  Testing on virtual and real
13587 hardware have failed me because of udev so far, and creating this file
13588 do the trick in such settings anyway.  This is a
13589 <a href="http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/debian-26/failed-dist-upgrade-due-to-udev-config_sysfs_deprecated-nonsense-804130/">known
13590 issue</a> and the current udev behaviour is intended by the udev
13591 maintainer because he lack the resources to rewrite udev to keep
13592 working with old kernels or something like that.  I really wish the
13593 udev upstream would keep udev backwards compatible, to avoid such
13594 upgrade problem, but given that they fail to do so, I guess
13595 documenting the way out of this mess is the best option we got for
13596 Debian Squeeze.</p>
13597
13598 <p>Anyway, back to the task at hand, testing upgrades.  This test
13599 script, which I call <tt>upgrade-test</tt> for now, is doing the
13600 trick:</p>
13601
13602 <blockquote><pre>
13603 #!/bin/sh
13604 set -ex
13605
13606 if [ "$1" ] ; then
13607     desktop=$1
13608 else
13609     desktop=gnome
13610 fi
13611
13612 from=lenny
13613 to=squeeze
13614
13615 exec &lt; /dev/null
13616 unset LANG
13617 mirror=http://ftp.skolelinux.org/debian
13618 tmpdir=chroot-$from-upgrade-$to-$desktop
13619 fuser -mv .
13620 debootstrap $from $tmpdir $mirror
13621 chroot $tmpdir aptitude update
13622 cat > $tmpdir/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d &lt;&lt;EOF
13623 #!/bin/sh
13624 exit 101
13625 EOF
13626 chmod a+rx $tmpdir/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d
13627 exit_cleanup() {
13628     umount $tmpdir/proc
13629 }
13630 mount -t proc proc $tmpdir/proc
13631 # Make sure proc is unmounted also on failure
13632 trap exit_cleanup EXIT INT
13633
13634 chroot $tmpdir aptitude -y install debconf-utils
13635
13636 # Make sure tasksel autoselection trigger.  It need the test scripts
13637 # to return the correct answers.
13638 echo tasksel tasksel/desktop multiselect $desktop | \
13639     chroot $tmpdir debconf-set-selections
13640
13641 # Include the desktop and laptop task
13642 for test in desktop laptop ; do
13643     echo > $tmpdir/usr/lib/tasksel/tests/$test &lt;&lt;EOF
13644 #!/bin/sh
13645 exit 2
13646 EOF
13647     chmod a+rx $tmpdir/usr/lib/tasksel/tests/$test
13648 done
13649
13650 DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
13651 DEBIAN_PRIORITY=critical
13652 export DEBIAN_FRONTEND DEBIAN_PRIORITY
13653 chroot $tmpdir tasksel --new-install
13654
13655 echo deb $mirror $to main > $tmpdir/etc/apt/sources.list
13656 chroot $tmpdir aptitude update
13657 touch $tmpdir/etc/udev/kernel-upgrade
13658 chroot $tmpdir aptitude -y dist-upgrade
13659 fuser -mv
13660 </pre></blockquote>
13661
13662 <p>I suspect it would be useful to test upgrades with both apt-get and
13663 with aptitude, but I have not had time to look at how they behave
13664 differently so far.  I hope to get a cron job running to do the test
13665 regularly and post the result on the web.  The Gnome upgrade currently
13666 work, while the KDE upgrade fail because of the bug in
13667 kdebase-workspace-data</p>
13668
13669 <p>I am not quite sure what kind of extract from the huge upgrade logs
13670 (KDE 167 KiB, Gnome 516 KiB) it make sense to include in this blog
13671 post, so I will refrain from trying.  I can report that for Gnome,
13672 aptitude report 760 packages upgraded, 448 newly installed, 129 to
13673 remove and 1 not upgraded and 1024MB need to be downloaded while for
13674 KDE the same numbers are 702 packages upgraded, 507 newly installed,
13675 193 to remove and 0 not upgraded and 1117MB need to be downloaded</p>
13676
13677 <p>I am very happy to notice that the Gnome desktop + laptop upgrade
13678 is able to migrate to dependency based boot sequencing and parallel
13679 booting without a hitch.  Was unsure if there were still bugs with
13680 packages failing to clean up their obsolete init.d script during
13681 upgrades, and no such problem seem to affect the Gnome desktop+laptop
13682 packages.</p>
13683
13684       </div>
13685       <div class="tags">
13686
13687
13688         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13689
13690
13691       </div>
13692     </div>
13693     <div class="padding"></div>
13694
13695     <div class="entry">
13696       <div class="title">
13697         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_er_laget_for_sentraldrifting__naturligvis.html">Skolelinux er laget for sentraldrifting, naturligvis</a>
13698       </div>
13699       <div class="date">
13700          9th June 2010
13701       </div>
13702       <div class="body">
13703         <p>Det er merkelig hvordan myter om Skolelinux overlever.  En slik
13704 myte er at Skolelinux ikke kan sentraldriftes og ha sentralt plasserte
13705 tjenermaskiner.  I siste Computerworld Norge er
13706 <a href="http://www.idg.no/computerworld/article169432.ece">IT-sjef
13707 Viggo Billdal i Steinkjer intervjuet</a>, og forteller uten
13708 blygsel:</p>
13709
13710 <blockquote><p>Vi hadde Skolelinux, men det har vi sluttet med. Vi testet
13711 om det lønte seg med Microsoft eller en åpen plattform. Vi fant ut at
13712 Microsoft egentlig var totalt sett bedre egnet. Det var store
13713 driftskostnader med Skolelinux, blant annet på grunn av
13714 desentraliserte servere. Det var komplisert, så vi gikk vekk fra det
13715 og bruker nå bare Windows.</p></blockquote>
13716
13717 <p>En <a
13718 href="https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/bruker/2010-June/009101.html">rask
13719 sjekk</a> mot den norske brukerlista i Skolelinuxprosjektet forteller
13720 at Steinkjers forsøk foregikk fram til 2004/2005, og at Røysing skole
13721 i Steinkjer skal ha vært svært fornøyd med Skolelinux men at kommunen
13722 overkjørte skolen og krevde at de gikk over til Windows.  Et søk på
13723 nettet sendte meg til
13724 <a href="http://www.dn.no/multimedia/archive/00090/Dagens_it_nr__18_90826a.pdf">Dagens
13725 IT nr. 18 2005</a> hvor en kan lese på side 18:</p>
13726
13727 <blockquote><p>Inge Tømmerås ved Røysing skole i Steinkjer kjører ennå
13728 Microsoft, men forteller at kompetanseutfordringen med Skolelinux ikke
13729 var så stor.   Jeg syntes Skolelinux var utrolig lett å drifte uten
13730 forkunnskaper. Men man må jo selvsagt ha tilgang på ekstern kompetanse
13731 til installasjoner og maskinvarefeil, sier Tømmerås.</p></blockquote>
13732
13733 <p>Som systemarkitekten bak Skolelinux, kan jeg bare riste på hodet
13734 over påstanden om at Skolelinux krever desentraliserte tjenere.
13735 Skolelinux-arkitekturen er laget for sentralisert drift og plassering
13736 av tjenerne lokalt eller sentralt alt etter behov og nettkapasitet.
13737 Den er modellert på nettverks- og tjenerløsningen som brukes på
13738 Universitetet i Tromsø og Oslo, der jeg jobber med utvikling av
13739 driftstjenester.  Dette er det heldigvis noen som har fått med seg, og
13740 jeg er glad for å kunne sitere fra en kommentar på den overnevnte
13741 artikkelen.  Min venn og gamle kollega Sturle Sunde forteller der:
13742
13743 <blockquote>
13744 <p>I Flora kommune køyrer vi Skulelinux på skular med alt frå 15 til
13745 meir enn 500 elevar. Dei store skulane har eigen tenar, for det er
13746 mest praktisk. Eg, som er driftsansvarleg for heile nettet, ser
13747 sjeldan dei tenarane fysisk, men at dei står der gjer skulane mindre
13748 avhengige av eksterne linjer som er trege eller dyre. Dei minste
13749 skulane har ikkje eigen tenar. Å bruke sentral tenar er heller ikkje
13750 noko problem. Småskulane klarar seg fint med 1 mbit-linje til ein
13751 sentral tenar eller tenaren på ein større skule.</p>
13752
13753 <p>Det beste med Skulelinux er halvtjukke klientar. Dei treng ikkje
13754 harddisk og brukar minimalt med ressursar på tenaren fordi dei køyrer
13755 programma lokalt. Eit klasserom med 30 sju-åtte år gamle maskiner har
13756 mykje meir CPU og RAM totalt enn nokon moderne tenar til under
13757 millionen. Det trengst to kommandoar på den sentrale tenaren for å
13758 oppdatere alle klientane, både tynne og halvtjukke. Vi har ingen
13759 problem med diskar som ryk heller, som var eit problem før fordi
13760 elevane sat og sparka i maskinene. Og dei krev lite bandbreidde i
13761 nettet, so det er fullt mogleg å køyre slike på småskular med trege
13762 linjer mot tenaren på ein større skule.</p>
13763
13764 <p>Flora kommune har nesten 800 Linux-maskiner i sitt skulenett, og
13765 ein person som tek seg av drift av heile nettet, inkludert tenarar,
13766 klientar, operativsystem, programvare, heimekontorløysing og
13767 administrasjon av brukarar.</p>
13768
13769 <p>No skal det seiast at vi ikkje køyrer rein Skulelinux ut av
13770 boksen. Vi har gjort ein del tilpassingar mot noko Novell-greier som
13771 var der frå før, og som har komplisert installasjonen vår. Etter at
13772 oppsettet var gjort har løysinga vore stabil og kravd minimalt med
13773 arbeid.</p>
13774 </blockquote>
13775
13776 <p>Jeg vet at Narvik, Harstad og Oslo er kommuner der Skolelinux
13777 sentraldriftes med sentrale tjenere.  Det forteller meg at Steinkjers
13778 IT-sjef neppe bør skylde på Skolelinux-løsningen for sine 5 år gamle
13779 minner.</p>
13780
13781       </div>
13782       <div class="tags">
13783
13784
13785         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13786
13787
13788       </div>
13789     </div>
13790     <div class="padding"></div>
13791
13792     <div class="entry">
13793       <div class="title">
13794         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_manual_for_standards_wars___.html">A manual for standards wars...</a>
13795       </div>
13796       <div class="date">
13797          6th June 2010
13798       </div>
13799       <div class="body">
13800         <p>Via the
13801 <a href="http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/robweir/antic-atom/~3/QzU4RgoAGMg/weekly-links-10.html">blog
13802 of Rob Weir</a> I came across the very interesting essay named
13803 <a href="http://faculty.haas.berkeley.edu/shapiro/wars.pdf">The Art of
13804 Standards Wars</a> (PDF 25 pages).  I recommend it for everyone
13805 following the standards wars of today.</p>
13806
13807       </div>
13808       <div class="tags">
13809
13810
13811         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard</a>.
13812
13813
13814       </div>
13815     </div>
13816     <div class="padding"></div>
13817
13818     <div class="entry">
13819       <div class="title">
13820         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Sitesummary_tip__Listing_computer_hardware_models_used_at_site.html">Sitesummary tip: Listing computer hardware models used at site</a>
13821       </div>
13822       <div class="date">
13823          3rd June 2010
13824       </div>
13825       <div class="body">
13826         <p>When using sitesummary at a site to track machines, it is possible
13827 to get a list of the machine types in use thanks to the DMI
13828 information extracted from each machine.  The script to do so is
13829 included in the sitesummary package, and here is example output from
13830 the Skolelinux build servers:</p>
13831
13832 <blockquote><pre>
13833 maintainer:~# /usr/lib/sitesummary/hardware-model-summary
13834   vendor                    count
13835   Dell Computer Corporation     1
13836     PowerEdge 1750              1
13837   IBM                           1
13838     eserver xSeries 345 -[8670M1X]-     1
13839   Intel                         2
13840   [no-dmi-info]                 3
13841 maintainer:~#
13842 </pre></blockquote>
13843
13844 <p>The quality of the report depend on the quality of the DMI tables
13845 provided in each machine.  Here there are Intel machines without model
13846 information listed with Intel as vendor and no model, and virtual Xen
13847 machines listed as [no-dmi-info].  One can add -l as a command line
13848 option to list the individual machines.</p>
13849
13850 <p>A larger list is
13851 <a href="http://narvikskolen.no/sitesummary/">available from the the
13852 city of Narvik</a>, which uses Skolelinux on all their shools and also
13853 provide the basic sitesummary report publicly.  In their report there
13854 are ~1400 machines. I know they use both Ubuntu and Skolelinux on
13855 their machines, and as sitesummary is available in both distributions,
13856 it is trivial to get all of them to report to the same central
13857 collector.</p>
13858
13859       </div>
13860       <div class="tags">
13861
13862
13863         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
13864
13865
13866       </div>
13867     </div>
13868     <div class="padding"></div>
13869
13870     <div class="entry">
13871       <div class="title">
13872         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/KDM_fail_at_boot_with_NVidia_cards___and_no_one_try_to_fix_it_.html">KDM fail at boot with NVidia cards - and no one try to fix it?</a>
13873       </div>
13874       <div class="date">
13875          1st June 2010
13876       </div>
13877       <div class="body">
13878         <p>It is strange to watch how a bug in Debian causing KDM to fail to
13879 start at boot when an NVidia video card is used is handled.  The
13880 problem seem to be that the nvidia X.org driver uses a long time to
13881 initialize, and this duration is longer than kdm is configured to
13882 wait.</p>
13883
13884 <p>I came across two bugs related to this issue,
13885 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/583312">#583312</a> initially filed
13886 against initscripts and passed on to nvidia-glx when it became obvious
13887 that the nvidia drivers were involved, and
13888 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/524751">#524751</a> initially filed against
13889 kdm and passed on to src:nvidia-graphics-drivers for unknown reasons.</p>
13890
13891 <p>To me, it seem that no-one is interested in actually solving the
13892 problem nvidia video card owners experience and make sure the Debian
13893 distribution work out of the box for these users.  The nvidia driver
13894 maintainers expect kdm to be set up to wait longer, while kdm expect
13895 the nvidia driver maintainers to fix the driver to start faster, and
13896 while they wait for each other I guess the users end up switching to a
13897 distribution that work for them.  I have no idea what the solution is,
13898 but I am pretty sure that waiting for each other is not it.</p>
13899
13900 <p>I wonder why we end up handling bugs this way.</p>
13901
13902       </div>
13903       <div class="tags">
13904
13905
13906         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13907
13908
13909       </div>
13910     </div>
13911     <div class="padding"></div>
13912
13913     <div class="entry">
13914       <div class="title">
13915         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Parallellized_boot_seem_to_hold_up_well_in_Debian_testing.html">Parallellized boot seem to hold up well in Debian/testing</a>
13916       </div>
13917       <div class="date">
13918         27th May 2010
13919       </div>
13920       <div class="body">
13921         <p>A few days ago, parallel booting was enabled in Debian/testing.
13922 The feature seem to hold up pretty well, but three fairly serious
13923 issues are known and should be solved:
13924
13925 <p><ul>
13926
13927 <li>The wicd package seen to
13928 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/508289">break NFS mounting</a> and
13929 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/581586">network setup</a> when
13930 parallel booting is enabled.  No idea why, but the wicd maintainer
13931 seem to be on the case.</li>
13932
13933 <li>The nvidia X driver seem to
13934 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/583312">have a race condition</a>
13935 triggered more easily when parallel booting is in effect.  The
13936 maintainer is on the case.</li>
13937
13938 <li>The sysv-rc package fail to properly enable dependency based boot
13939 sequencing (the shutdown is broken) when old file-rc users
13940 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/575080">try to switch back</a> to
13941 sysv-rc.  One way to solve it would be for file-rc to create
13942 /etc/init.d/.legacy-bootordering, and another is to try to make
13943 sysv-rc more robust.  Will investigate some more and probably upload a
13944 workaround in sysv-rc to help those trying to move from file-rc to
13945 sysv-rc get a working shutdown.</li>
13946
13947 </ul></p>
13948
13949 <p>All in all not many surprising issues, and all of them seem
13950 solvable before Squeeze is released.  In addition to these there are
13951 some packages with bugs in their dependencies and run level settings,
13952 which I expect will be fixed in a reasonable time span.</p>
13953
13954 <p>If you report any problems with dependencies in init.d scripts to
13955 the BTS, please usertag the report to get it to show up at
13956 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/pkgreport.cgi?users=initscripts-ng-devel@lists.alioth.debian.org">the
13957 list of usertagged bugs related to this</a>.</p>
13958
13959 <p>Update: Correct bug number to file-rc issue.</p>
13960
13961       </div>
13962       <div class="tags">
13963
13964
13965         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13966
13967
13968       </div>
13969     </div>
13970     <div class="padding"></div>
13971
13972     <div class="entry">
13973       <div class="title">
13974         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/More_flexible_firmware_handling_in_debian_installer.html">More flexible firmware handling in debian-installer</a>
13975       </div>
13976       <div class="date">
13977         22nd May 2010
13978       </div>
13979       <div class="body">
13980         <p>After a long break from debian-installer development, I finally
13981 found time today to return to the project.  Having to spend less time
13982 working dependency based boot in debian, as it is almost complete now,
13983 definitely helped freeing some time.</p>
13984
13985 <p>A while back, I ran into a problem while working on Debian Edu.  We
13986 include some firmware packages on the Debian Edu CDs, those needed to
13987 get disk and network controllers working.  Without having these
13988 firmware packages available during installation, it is impossible to
13989 install Debian Edu on the given machine, and because our target group
13990 are non-technical people, asking them to provide firmware packages on
13991 an external medium is a support pain.  Initially, I expected it to be
13992 enough to include the firmware packages on the CD to get
13993 debian-installer to find and use them.  This proved to be wrong.
13994 Next, I hoped it was enough to symlink the relevant firmware packages
13995 to some useful location on the CD (tried /cdrom/ and
13996 /cdrom/firmware/).  This also proved to not work, and at this point I
13997 found time to look at the debian-installer code to figure out what was
13998 going to work.</p>
13999
14000 <p>The firmware loading code is in the hw-detect package, and a closer
14001 look revealed that it would only look for firmware packages outside
14002 the installation media, so the CD was never checked for firmware
14003 packages.  It would only check USB sticks, floppies and other
14004 "external" media devices.  Today I changed it to also look in the
14005 /cdrom/firmware/ directory on the mounted CD or DVD, which should
14006 solve the problem I ran into with Debian edu.  I also changed it to
14007 look in /firmware/, to make sure the installer also find firmware
14008 provided in the initrd when booting the installer via PXE, to allow us
14009 to provide the same feature in the PXE setup included in Debian
14010 Edu.</p>
14011
14012 <p>To make sure firmware deb packages with a license questions are not
14013 activated without asking if the license is accepted, I extended
14014 hw-detect to look for preinst scripts in the firmware packages, and
14015 run these before activating the firmware during installation.  The
14016 license question is asked using debconf in the preinst, so this should
14017 solve the issue for the firmware packages I have looked at so far.</p>
14018
14019 <p>If you want to discuss the details of these features, please
14020 contact us on debian-boot@lists.debian.org.</p>
14021
14022       </div>
14023       <div class="tags">
14024
14025
14026         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
14027
14028
14029       </div>
14030     </div>
14031     <div class="padding"></div>
14032
14033     <div class="entry">
14034       <div class="title">
14035         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Pieces_of_the_roaming_laptop_puzzle_in_Debian.html">Pieces of the roaming laptop puzzle in Debian</a>
14036       </div>
14037       <div class="date">
14038         19th May 2010
14039       </div>
14040       <div class="body">
14041         <p>Today, the last piece of the puzzle for roaming laptops in Debian
14042 Edu finally entered the Debian archive.  Today, the new
14043 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/libp/libpam-mklocaluser.html">libpam-mklocaluser</a>
14044 package was accepted.  Two days ago, two other pieces was accepted
14045 into unstable.  The
14046 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/p/pam-python.html">pam-python</a>
14047 package needed by libpam-mklocaluser, and the
14048 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/sssd.html">sssd</a> package
14049 passed NEW on Monday.  In addition, the
14050 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/libp/libpam-ccreds.html">libpam-ccreds</a>
14051 package we need is in experimental (version 10-4) since Saturday, and
14052 hopefully will be moved to unstable soon.</p>
14053
14054 <p>This collection of packages allow for two different setups for
14055 roaming laptops.  The traditional setup would be using libpam-ccreds,
14056 nscd and libpam-mklocaluser with LDAP or Kerberos authentication,
14057 which should work out of the box if the configuration changes proposed
14058 for nscd in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/485282">BTS report
14059 #485282</a> is implemented.  The alternative setup is to use sssd with
14060 libpam-mklocaluser to connect to LDAP or Kerberos and let sssd take
14061 care of the caching of passwords and group information.</p>
14062
14063 <p>I have so far been unable to get sssd to work with the LDAP server
14064 at the University, but suspect the issue is some SSL/GnuTLS related
14065 problem with the server certificate.  I plan to update the Debian
14066 package to version 1.2, which is scheduled for next week, and hope to
14067 find time to make sure the next release will include both the
14068 Debian/Ubuntu specific patches.  Upstream is friendly and responsive,
14069 and I am sure we will find a good solution.</p>
14070
14071 <p>The idea is to set up the roaming laptops to authenticate using
14072 LDAP or Kerberos and create a local user with home directory in /home/
14073 when a usre in LDAP logs in via KDM or GDM for the first time, and
14074 cache the password for offline checking, as well as caching group
14075 memberhips and other relevant LDAP information.  The
14076 libpam-mklocaluser package was created to make sure the local home
14077 directory is in /home/, instead of /site/server/directory/ which would
14078 be the home directory if pam_mkhomedir was used.  To avoid confusion
14079 with support requests and configuration, we do not want local laptops
14080 to have users in a path that is used for the same users home directory
14081 on the home directory servers.</p>
14082
14083 <p>One annoying problem with gdm is that it do not show the PAM
14084 message passed to the user from libpam-mklocaluser when the local user
14085 is created.  Instead gdm simply reject the login with some generic
14086 message.  The message is shown in kdm, ssh and login, so I guess it is
14087 a bug in gdm.  Have not investigated if there is some other message
14088 type that can be used instead to get gdm to also show the message.</p>
14089
14090 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
14091 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
14092
14093       </div>
14094       <div class="tags">
14095
14096
14097         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14098
14099
14100       </div>
14101     </div>
14102     <div class="padding"></div>
14103
14104     <div class="entry">
14105       <div class="title">
14106         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Parallellized_boot_is_now_the_default_in_Debian_unstable.html">Parallellized boot is now the default in Debian/unstable</a>
14107       </div>
14108       <div class="date">
14109         14th May 2010
14110       </div>
14111       <div class="body">
14112         <p>Since this evening, parallel booting is the default in
14113 Debian/unstable for machines using dependency based boot sequencing.
14114 Apparently the testing of concurrent booting has been wider than
14115 expected, if I am to believe the
14116 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-devel/2010/05/msg00122.html">input
14117 on debian-devel@</a>, and I concluded a few days ago to move forward
14118 with the feature this weekend, to give us some time to detect any
14119 remaining problems before Squeeze is frozen.  If serious problems are
14120 detected, it is simple to change the default back to sequential boot.
14121 The upload of the new sysvinit package also activate a new upstream
14122 version.</p>
14123
14124 More information about
14125 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/LSBInitScripts/DependencyBasedBoot">dependency
14126 based boot sequencing</a> is available from the Debian wiki.  It is
14127 currently possible to disable parallel booting when one run into
14128 problems caused by it, by adding this line to /etc/default/rcS:</p>
14129
14130 <blockquote><pre>
14131 CONCURRENCY=none
14132 </pre></blockquote>
14133
14134 <p>If you report any problems with dependencies in init.d scripts to
14135 the BTS, please usertag the report to get it to show up at
14136 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/pkgreport.cgi?users=initscripts-ng-devel@lists.alioth.debian.org">the
14137 list of usertagged bugs related to this</a>.</p>
14138
14139       </div>
14140       <div class="tags">
14141
14142
14143         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
14144
14145
14146       </div>
14147     </div>
14148     <div class="padding"></div>
14149
14150     <div class="entry">
14151       <div class="title">
14152         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Sitesummary_tip__Listing_MAC_address_of_all_clients.html">Sitesummary tip: Listing MAC address of all clients</a>
14153       </div>
14154       <div class="date">
14155         14th May 2010
14156       </div>
14157       <div class="body">
14158         <p>In the recent Debian Edu versions, the
14159 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/SiteSummary">sitesummary
14160 system</a> is used to keep track of the machines in the school
14161 network.  Each machine will automatically report its status to the
14162 central server after boot and once per night.  The network setup is
14163 also reported, and using this information it is possible to get the
14164 MAC address of all network interfaces in the machines.  This is useful
14165 to update the DHCP configuration.</p>
14166
14167 <p>To give some idea how to use sitesummary, here is a one-liner to
14168 ist all MAC addresses of all machines reporting to sitesummary.  Run
14169 this on the collector host:</p>
14170
14171 <blockquote><pre>
14172 perl -MSiteSummary -e 'for_all_hosts(sub { print join(" ", get_macaddresses(shift)), "\n"; });'
14173 </pre></blockquote>
14174
14175 <p>This will list all MAC addresses assosiated with all machine, one
14176 line per machine and with space between the MAC addresses.</p>
14177
14178 <p>To allow system administrators easier job at adding static DHCP
14179 addresses for hosts, it would be possible to extend this to fetch
14180 machine information from sitesummary and update the DHCP and DNS
14181 tables in LDAP using this information.  Such tool is unfortunately not
14182 written yet.</p>
14183
14184       </div>
14185       <div class="tags">
14186
14187
14188         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
14189
14190
14191       </div>
14192     </div>
14193     <div class="padding"></div>
14194
14195     <div class="entry">
14196       <div class="title">
14197         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Forcing_new_users_to_change_their_password_on_first_login.html">Forcing new users to change their password on first login</a>
14198       </div>
14199       <div class="date">
14200          2nd May 2010
14201       </div>
14202       <div class="body">
14203         <p>One interesting feature in Active Directory, is the ability to
14204 create a new user with an expired password, and thus force the user to
14205 change the password on the first login attempt.</p>
14206
14207 <p>I'm not quite sure how to do that with the LDAP setup in Debian
14208 Edu, but did some initial testing with a local account.  The account
14209 and password aging information is available in /etc/shadow, but
14210 unfortunately, it is not possible to specify an expiration time for
14211 passwords, only a maximum age for passwords.</p>
14212
14213 <p>A freshly created account (using adduser test) will have these
14214 settings in /etc/shadow:</p>
14215
14216 <blockquote><pre>
14217 root@tjener:~# chage -l test
14218 Last password change                                    : May 02, 2010
14219 Password expires                                        : never
14220 Password inactive                                       : never
14221 Account expires                                         : never
14222 Minimum number of days between password change          : 0
14223 Maximum number of days between password change          : 99999
14224 Number of days of warning before password expires       : 7
14225 root@tjener:~#
14226 </pre></blockquote>
14227
14228 <p>The only way I could come up with to create a user with an expired
14229 account, is to change the date of the last password change to the
14230 lowest value possible (January 1th 1970), and the maximum password age
14231 to the difference in days between that date and today.  To make it
14232 simple, I went for 30 years (30 * 365 = 10950) and January 2th (to
14233 avoid testing if 0 is a valid value).</p>
14234
14235 <p>After using these commands to set it up, it seem to work as
14236 intended:</p>
14237
14238 <blockquote><pre>
14239 root@tjener:~# chage -d 1 test; chage -M 10950 test
14240 root@tjener:~# chage -l test
14241 Last password change                                    : Jan 02, 1970
14242 Password expires                                        : never
14243 Password inactive                                       : never
14244 Account expires                                         : never
14245 Minimum number of days between password change          : 0
14246 Maximum number of days between password change          : 10950
14247 Number of days of warning before password expires       : 7
14248 root@tjener:~#
14249 </pre></blockquote>
14250
14251 <p>So far I have tested this with ssh and console, and kdm (in
14252 Squeeze) login, and all ask for a new password before login in the
14253 user (with ssh, I was thrown out and had to log in again).</p>
14254
14255 <p>Perhaps we should set up something similar for Debian Edu, to make
14256 sure only the user itself have the account password?</p>
14257
14258 <p>If you want to comment on or help out with implementing this for
14259 Debian Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
14260
14261 <p>Update 2010-05-02 17:20: Paul Tötterman tells me on IRC that the
14262 shadow(8) page in Debian/testing now state that setting the date of
14263 last password change to zero (0) will force the password to be changed
14264 on the first login.  This was not mentioned in the manual in Lenny, so
14265 I did not notice this in my initial testing.  I have tested it on
14266 Squeeze, and '<tt>chage -d 0 username</tt>' do work there.  I have not
14267 tested it on Lenny yet.</p>
14268
14269 <p>Update 2010-05-02-19:05: Jim Paris tells me via email that an
14270 equivalent command to expire a password is '<tt>passwd -e
14271 username</tt>', which insert zero into the date of the last password
14272 change.</p>
14273
14274       </div>
14275       <div class="tags">
14276
14277
14278         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet</a>.
14279
14280
14281       </div>
14282     </div>
14283     <div class="padding"></div>
14284
14285     <div class="entry">
14286       <div class="title">
14287         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Thoughts_on_roaming_laptop_setup_for_Debian_Edu.html">Thoughts on roaming laptop setup for Debian Edu</a>
14288       </div>
14289       <div class="date">
14290         28th April 2010
14291       </div>
14292       <div class="body">
14293         <p>For some years now, I have wondered how we should handle laptops in
14294 Debian Edu.  The Debian Edu infrastructure is mostly designed to
14295 handle stationary computers, and less suited for computers that come
14296 and go.</p>
14297
14298 <p>Now I finally believe I have an sensible idea on how to adjust
14299 Debian Edu for laptops, by introducing a new profile for them, for
14300 example called Roaming Workstations.  Here are my thought on this.
14301 The setup would consist of the following:</p>
14302
14303 <ul>
14304
14305  <li>During installation, the user name of the owner / primary user of
14306    the laptop is requested and a local home directory is set up for
14307    the user, with uid and gid information fetched from the LDAP
14308    server.  This allow the user to work also when offline.  The
14309    central home directory can be available in a subdirectory on
14310    request, for example mounted via CIFS.  It could be mounted
14311    automatically when a user log in while on the Debian Edu network,
14312    and unmounted when the machine is taken away (network down,
14313    hibernate, etc), it can be set up to do automatic mounting on
14314    request (using autofs), or perhaps some GUI button on the desktop
14315    can be used to access it when needed.  Perhaps it is enough to use
14316    the fish protocol in KDE?</li>
14317
14318  <li>Password checking is set up to use LDAP or Kerberos
14319    authentication when the machine is on the Debian Edu network, and
14320    to cache the password for offline checking when the machine unable
14321    to reach the LDAP or Kerberos server.  This can be done using
14322    <a href="http://www.padl.com/OSS/pam_ccreds.html">libpam-ccreds</a>
14323    or the Fedora developed
14324    <a href="https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/SSSD">System
14325    Security Services Daemon</a> packages.</li>
14326
14327  <li>File synchronisation with the central home directory is set up
14328    using a shared directory in both the local and the central home
14329    directory, using unison.</li>
14330
14331  <li>Printing should be set up to print to all printers broadcasting
14332    their existence on the local network, and should then work out of
14333    the box with CUPS.  For sites needing accurate printer quotas, some
14334    system with Kerberos authentication or printing via ssh could be
14335    implemented.</li>
14336
14337  <li>For users that should have local root access to their laptop,
14338    sudo should be used to allow this to the local user.</li>
14339
14340  <li>It would be nice if user and group information from LDAP is
14341    cached on the client, but given that there are entries for the
14342    local user and primary group in /etc/, it should not be needed.</li>
14343
14344 </ul>
14345
14346 <p>I believe all the pieces to implement this are in Debian/testing at
14347 the moment.  If we work quickly, we should be able to get this ready
14348 in time for the Squeeze release to freeze.  Some of the pieces need
14349 tweaking, like libpam-ccreds should get support for pam-auth-update
14350 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/566718">#566718</a>) and nslcd (or
14351 perhaps debian-edu-config) should get some integration code to stop
14352 its daemon when the LDAP server is unavailable to avoid long timeouts
14353 when disconnected from the net.  If we get Kerberos enabled, we need
14354 to make sure we avoid long timeouts there too.</p>
14355
14356 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
14357 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
14358
14359       </div>
14360       <div class="tags">
14361
14362
14363         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14364
14365
14366       </div>
14367     </div>
14368     <div class="padding"></div>
14369
14370     <div class="entry">
14371       <div class="title">
14372         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Kerberos_for_Debian_Edu_Squeeze_.html">Kerberos for Debian Edu/Squeeze?</a>
14373       </div>
14374       <div class="date">
14375         14th April 2010
14376       </div>
14377       <div class="body">
14378         <p><a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20100413-kerberos/">Yesterdays
14379 NUUG presentation</a> about Kerberos was inspiring, and reminded me
14380 about the need to start using Kerberos in Skolelinux.  Setting up a
14381 Kerberos server seem to be straight forward, and if we get this in
14382 place a long time before the Squeeze version of Debian freezes, we
14383 have a chance to migrate Skolelinux away from NFSv3 for the home
14384 directories, and over to an architecture where the infrastructure do
14385 not have to trust IP addresses and machines, and instead can trust
14386 users and cryptographic keys instead.</p>
14387
14388 <p>A challenge will be integration and administration.  Is there a
14389 Kerberos implementation for Debian where one can control the
14390 administration access in Kerberos using LDAP groups?  With it, the
14391 school administration will have to maintain access control using flat
14392 files on the main server, which give a huge potential for errors.</p>
14393
14394 <p>A related question I would like to know is how well Kerberos and
14395 pam-ccreds (offline password check) work together.  Anyone know?</p>
14396
14397 <p>Next step will be to use Kerberos for access control in Lwat and
14398 Nagios.  I have no idea how much work that will be to implement.  We
14399 would also need to document how to integrate with Windows AD, as such
14400 shared network will require two Kerberos realms that need to cooperate
14401 to work properly.</p>
14402
14403 <p>I believe a good start would be to start using Kerberos on the
14404 skolelinux.no machines, and this way get ourselves experience with
14405 configuration and integration.  A natural starting point would be
14406 setting up ldap.skolelinux.no as the Kerberos server, and migrate the
14407 rest of the machines from PAM via LDAP to PAM via Kerberos one at the
14408 time.</p>
14409
14410 <p>If you would like to contribute to get this working in Skolelinux,
14411 I recommend you to see the video recording from yesterdays NUUG
14412 presentation, and start using Kerberos at home.  The video show show
14413 up in a few days.</p>
14414
14415       </div>
14416       <div class="tags">
14417
14418
14419         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14420
14421
14422       </div>
14423     </div>
14424     <div class="padding"></div>
14425
14426     <div class="entry">
14427       <div class="title">
14428         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/After_6_years_of_waiting__the_Xreset_d_feature_is_implemented.html">After 6 years of waiting, the Xreset.d feature is implemented</a>
14429       </div>
14430       <div class="date">
14431          6th March 2010
14432       </div>
14433       <div class="body">
14434         <p>6 years ago, as part of the Debian Edu development I am involved
14435 in, I asked for a hook in the kdm and gdm setup to run scripts as root
14436 when the user log out.  A bug was submitted against the xfree86-common
14437 package in 2004 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/230422">#230422</a>),
14438 and revisited every time Debian Edu was working on a new release.
14439 Today, this finally paid off.</p>
14440
14441 <p>The framework for this feature was today commited to the git
14442 repositry for the xorg package, and the git repository for xdm has
14443 been updated to use this framework.  Next on my agenda is to make sure
14444 kdm and gdm also add code to use this framework.</p>
14445
14446 <p>In Debian Edu, we want to ability to run commands as root when the
14447 user log out, to get rid of runaway processes and do general cleanup
14448 after a user.  With this framework in place, we finally can do that in
14449 a generic way that work with all display managers using this
14450 framework.  My goal is to get all display managers in Debian use it,
14451 similar to how they use the Xsession.d framework today.<p>
14452
14453       </div>
14454       <div class="tags">
14455
14456
14457         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14458
14459
14460       </div>
14461     </div>
14462     <div class="padding"></div>
14463
14464     <div class="entry">
14465       <div class="title">
14466         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Lenny_released__work_continues.html">Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Lenny released, work continues</a>
14467       </div>
14468       <div class="date">
14469         11th February 2010
14470       </div>
14471       <div class="body">
14472         <p>On Tuesday, the Debian/Lenny based version of
14473 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> was finally
14474 shipped.  This was a major leap forward for the project, and I am very
14475 pleased that we finally got the release wrapped up.  Work on the first
14476 point release starts imediately, as we plan to get that one out a
14477 month after the major release, to include all fixes for bugs we found
14478 and fixed too late in the release process to include last Tuesday.</p>
14479
14480 <p>Perhaps it even is time for some partying?</p>
14481
14482 <p>After this first point release, my plan is to focus again on the
14483 next major release, based on Squeeze.  We will try to get as many of
14484 the fixes we need into the official Debian packages before the freeze,
14485 and have just a few weeks or months to make it happen.</p>
14486
14487       </div>
14488       <div class="tags">
14489
14490
14491         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14492
14493
14494       </div>
14495     </div>
14496     <div class="padding"></div>
14497
14498     <div class="entry">
14499       <div class="title">
14500         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_Munin_and_Nagios_configuration.html">Automatic Munin and Nagios configuration</a>
14501       </div>
14502       <div class="date">
14503         27th January 2010
14504       </div>
14505       <div class="body">
14506         <p>One of the new features in the next Debian/Lenny based release of
14507 Debian Edu/Skolelinux, which is scheduled for release in the next few
14508 days, is automatic configuration of the service monitoring system
14509 Nagios.  The previous release had automatic configuration of trend
14510 analysis using Munin, and this Lenny based release take that a step
14511 further.</p>
14512
14513 <p>When installing a Debian Edu Main-server, it is automatically
14514 configured as a Munin and Nagios server.  In addition, it is
14515 configured to be a server for the
14516 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/SiteSummary">SiteSummary
14517 system</a> I have written for use in Debian Edu.  The SiteSummary
14518 system is inspired by a system used by the University of Oslo where I
14519 work.  In short, the system provide a centralised collector of
14520 information about the computers on the network, and a client on each
14521 computer submitting information to this collector.  This allow for
14522 automatic information on which packages are installed on each machine,
14523 which kernel the machines are using, what kind of configuration the
14524 packages got etc.  This also allow us to automatically generate Munin
14525 and Nagios configuration.</p>
14526
14527 <p>All computers reporting to the sitesummary collector with the
14528 munin-node package installed is automatically enabled as a Munin
14529 client and graphs from the statistics collected from that machine show
14530 up automatically on http://www/munin/ on the Main-server.</p>
14531
14532 <p>All non-laptop computers reporting to the sitesummary collector are
14533 automatically monitored for network presence (ping and any network
14534 services detected).  In addition, all computers (also laptops) with
14535 the nagios-nrpe-server package installed and configured the way
14536 sitesummary would configure it, are monitored for full disks, software
14537 raid status, swap free and other checks that need to run locally on
14538 the machine.</p>
14539
14540 <p>The result is that the administrator on a school using Debian Edu
14541 based on Lenny will be able to check the health of his installation
14542 with one look at the Nagios settings, without having to spend any time
14543 keeping the Nagios configuration up-to-date.</p>
14544
14545 <p>The only configuration one need to do to get Nagios up and running
14546 is to set the password used to get access via HTTP.  The system
14547 administrator need to run "<tt>htpasswd /etc/nagios3/htpasswd.users
14548 nagiosadmin</tt>" to create a nagiosadmin user and set a password for
14549 it to be able to log into the Nagios web pages.  After that,
14550 everything is taken care of.</p>
14551
14552       </div>
14553       <div class="tags">
14554
14555
14556         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
14557
14558
14559       </div>
14560     </div>
14561     <div class="padding"></div>
14562
14563     <div class="entry">
14564       <div class="title">
14565         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Opphavet_til_Skolelinux_prosjektet.html">Opphavet til Skolelinux-prosjektet</a>
14566       </div>
14567       <div class="date">
14568         17th December 2009
14569       </div>
14570       <div class="body">
14571         <p>De færreste er klar over at Skolelinux-prosjektet kom som et resultat
14572 av en avgjørelse på årsmøtet i
14573 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">NUUG</a> i 2000-06-29, der Håkon Wium
14574 Lie, da varamedlem i styret, tok på seg oppdraget om å starte et
14575 initiativ kalt "Teach the Teacher", som skulle være et initiativ for
14576 å få fri programvare og unix-lignende operativsystemer inn i Skolen.
14577 Tanken var at en måtte starte med lærerne for at ungene skulle få
14578 mulighet til å møte en bedre IT-hverdag.  Jeg var tilstede på
14579 møtet, og hadde sans for ideen, men intet skjedde.  På vårparten
14580 2001 ble det arrangert en demonstrasjon i anledning at First Tuesday
14581 hadde invitert Microsoft til et møte for å fortelle om fremtidens
14582 Internet.  Dette provoserte endel av oss, og EFN og NUUG tok initiativ
14583 til å arrangere
14584 <a href="http://www.digi.no/60982/first-tuesday-mote-med-microsoft-protest">en
14585 demonstrasjon utenfor lokalene 2001-05-21</a>.  Blant de som sto bak
14586 demonstrasjonen var Vidar Bakke fra NUUG og Håkon W. Lie fra EFN.
14587 Etter demonstrasjonen arrangerte Håkon en fest hjemme hos seg der alle
14588 som hadde vært aktive i demonstrasjonsplanlegging og gjennomføringen
14589 deltok.  Før festen var jeg blitt lei av å vente på at Håkon skulle ta
14590 initiativ til "Teach the Teacher", og for å forsøke å få litt fremgang
14591 besteme jeg meg for å benytte anledningen hos Håkon til å snakke om
14592 behovet for å hjelpe skolene i gang med bedre datasystemer bestående
14593 av fri programvare og unix-lignende operativsystemer.  Flere var
14594 interessert, og Knut Yrvin tenkte på ideen.  Han
14595 <a href="http://developer.skolelinux.no/brev/2001-06-28-invitasjon-skolelinux.txt">ropte
14596 sammen</a> til et stiftelsesmøte i prosjektet i sin arbeidsgivers
14597 Objectwares lokaler ved Ullevål stadion 2001-07-02, og jeg ble med.
14598 Resten er historie. :)</p>
14599
14600       </div>
14601       <div class="tags">
14602
14603
14604         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14605
14606
14607       </div>
14608     </div>
14609     <div class="padding"></div>
14610
14611     <div class="entry">
14612       <div class="title">
14613         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_operativt_webbasert_medlemsregister_for_Fri_programvare_i_skolen.html">Endelig operativt webbasert medlemsregister for Fri programvare i skolen</a>
14614       </div>
14615       <div class="date">
14616          2nd November 2009
14617       </div>
14618       <div class="body">
14619         <p>Under helgens utviklersamling i
14620 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.no/">Skolelinux</a> fikk jeg endelig
14621 satt meg ned sammen med Ronny Aasen i styret for å få et webbasert
14622 medlemsregister tilbake på plass for foreningen som passer på
14623 skolelinuxprosjektet.  Etter flere års knot og problemer, er nå
14624 memberdb satt opp og klart til bruk.  Import av det gamle
14625 medlemsregisteret har vist seg vanskelig, så alle medlemmer bes om å
14626 registrere seg på nytt.  Hvis du støtter FRiSKs formål så er du
14627 hjertelig velkommen til
14628 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">å melde deg
14629 inn</a>. Formålet lyder:</p>
14630
14631 <blockquote>Linux i skolen skal tilrettelegge for og informere om bruk
14632 av fri programvare, i henhold til Debian Free Software Guidelines av
14633 2002-02-03, i den norske skolen, slik som f.eks. Linux og
14634 GNU.</blockquote>
14635
14636       </div>
14637       <div class="tags">
14638
14639
14640         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
14641
14642
14643       </div>
14644     </div>
14645     <div class="padding"></div>
14646
14647     <div class="entry">
14648       <div class="title">
14649         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Returning_from_Skolelinux_developer_gathering.html">Returning from Skolelinux developer gathering</a>
14650       </div>
14651       <div class="date">
14652         29th March 2009
14653       </div>
14654       <div class="body">
14655         <p>I'm sitting on the train going home from this weekends Debian
14656 Edu/Skolelinux development gathering.  I got a bit done tuning the
14657 desktop, and looked into the dynamic service location protocol
14658 implementation avahi.  It look like it could be useful for us.  Almost
14659 30 people participated, and I believe it was a great environment to
14660 get to know the Skolelinux system.  Walter Bender, involved in the
14661 development of the Sugar educational platform, presented his stuff and
14662 also helped me improve my OLPC installation.  He also showed me that
14663 his Turtle Art application can be used in standalone mode, and we
14664 agreed that I would help getting it packaged for Debian.  As a
14665 standalone application it would be great for Debian Edu.  We also
14666 tried to get the video conferencing working with two OLPCs, but that
14667 proved to be too hard for us.  The application seem to need more work
14668 before it is ready for me.  I look forward to getting home and relax
14669 now. :)</p>
14670
14671       </div>
14672       <div class="tags">
14673
14674
14675         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14676
14677
14678       </div>
14679     </div>
14680     <div class="padding"></div>
14681
14682     <div class="entry">
14683       <div class="title">
14684         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">Time for new  LDAP schemas replacing RFC 2307?</a>
14685       </div>
14686       <div class="date">
14687         29th March 2009
14688       </div>
14689       <div class="body">
14690         <p>The state of standardized LDAP schemas on Linux is far from
14691 optimal.  There is RFC 2307 documenting one way to store NIS maps in
14692 LDAP, and a modified version of this normally called RFC 2307bis, with
14693 some modifications to be compatible with Active Directory.  The RFC
14694 specification handle the content of a lot of system databases, but do
14695 not handle DNS zones and DHCP configuration.</p>
14696
14697 <p>In <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux</a>,
14698 we would like to store information about users, SMB clients/hosts,
14699 filegroups, netgroups (users and hosts), DHCP and DNS configuration,
14700 and LTSP configuration in LDAP.  These objects have a lot in common,
14701 but with the current LDAP schemas it is not possible to have one
14702 object per entity.  For example, one need to have at least three LDAP
14703 objects for a given computer, one with the SMB related stuff, one with
14704 DNS information and another with DHCP information.  The schemas
14705 provided for DNS and DHCP are impossible to combine into one LDAP
14706 object.  In addition, it is impossible to implement quick queries for
14707 netgroup membership, because of the way NIS triples are implemented.
14708 It just do not scale.  I believe it is time for a few RFC
14709 specifications to cleam up this mess.</p>
14710
14711 <p>I would like to have one LDAP object representing each computer in
14712 the network, and this object can then keep the SMB (ie host key), DHCP
14713 (mac address/name) and DNS (name/IP address) settings in one place.
14714 It need to be efficently stored to make sure it scale well.</p>
14715
14716 <p>I would also like to have a quick way to map from a user or
14717 computer and to the net group this user or computer is a member.</p>
14718
14719 <p>Active Directory have done a better job than unix heads like myself
14720 in this regard, and the unix side need to catch up.  Time to start a
14721 new IETF work group?</p>
14722
14723       </div>
14724       <div class="tags">
14725
14726
14727         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14728
14729
14730       </div>
14731     </div>
14732     <div class="padding"></div>
14733
14734     <div class="entry">
14735       <div class="title">
14736         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_er_Debian_Lenny_gitt_ut.html">Endelig er Debian Lenny gitt ut</a>
14737       </div>
14738       <div class="date">
14739         15th February 2009
14740       </div>
14741       <div class="body">
14742         <p>Endelig er <a href="http://www.debian.org/">Debian</a>
14743 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2009/20090214">Lenny</a> gitt ut.
14744 Et langt steg videre for Debian-prosjektet, og en rekke nye
14745 programpakker blir nå tilgjengelig for de av oss som bruker den
14746 stabile utgaven av Debian.  Neste steg er nå å få
14747 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> /
14748 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/">Debian Edu</a> ferdig
14749 oppdatert for den nye utgaven, slik at en oppdatert versjon kan
14750 slippes løs på skolene.  Takk til alle debian-utviklerne som har
14751 gjort dette mulig.  Endelig er f.eks. fungerende avhengighetsstyrt
14752 bootsekvens tilgjengelig i stabil utgave, vha pakken
14753 <tt>insserv</tt>.</p>
14754
14755       </div>
14756       <div class="tags">
14757
14758
14759         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
14760
14761
14762       </div>
14763     </div>
14764     <div class="padding"></div>
14765
14766     <div class="entry">
14767       <div class="title">
14768         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_norsk_stavekontroll_med_st_tte_for_ord_med_bindestrek.html">Endelig norsk stavekontroll med støtte for ord med bindestrek</a>
14769       </div>
14770       <div class="date">
14771         26th December 2008
14772       </div>
14773       <div class="body">
14774         <p>Etter flere års mislykkede forsøk på å skrive om byggesystemet for
14775 <a href="http://no.speling.org/">den norske stavekontrollen for bokmål
14776 og nynorsk</a> til å ikke bruke bindestrek som ordskillemarkør, lyktes jeg
14777 endelig første juledag.  Bruken av bindestrek som ordskillemarkør har
14778 gjort det umulig å få med ord med bindestrek i
14779 stavekontrolldatagrunnlaget, slik at ord som e-post og CD-spiller ikke
14780 kunne godtas av stavekontrollen.  Hadde litt tid til overs å bruke på
14781 stavekontrollen, og satte meg ned med to kopier av byggsystemet og en
14782 liten testdatafil, og byttet ut - med = på utvalgte steder i
14783 byggsystemet og datafilen helt til jeg fikk samme resultat med det
14784 gamle og det nye byggsystemet.  Dette tror jeg var forsøk 4, der de
14785 foregående har feilet uten at jeg klarte å forstå hvorfor.  Det sier
14786 kanskje litt om kompleksiteten i det originale byggsystemet som Rune
14787 Kleveland laget i sin tid.</p>
14788
14789 <p>Etter å ha endret byggsystemet, var neste steg å importere ordene
14790 med bindestrek.  Vi har en rekke slike i databasene for
14791 <a href="http://tyge.sslug.dk/~korsvoll/nb.speling.org/htdocs/">bokmål</a>
14792 og
14793 <a href="http://tyge.sslug.dk/~korsvoll/nn.speling.org/htdocs/">nynorsk</a>
14794 for korrektur av datagrunnlaget for stavekontrollen, og etter importen
14795 skulle nå 10350 nye ord bli godkjent som korrekt stavede ord av
14796 stavekontrollen.</p>
14797
14798       </div>
14799       <div class="tags">
14800
14801
14802         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
14803
14804
14805       </div>
14806     </div>
14807     <div class="padding"></div>
14808
14809     <div class="entry">
14810       <div class="title">
14811         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Devcamp_brought_us_closer_to_the_Lenny_based_Debian_Edu_release.html">Devcamp brought us closer to the Lenny based Debian Edu release</a>
14812       </div>
14813       <div class="date">
14814          7th December 2008
14815       </div>
14816       <div class="body">
14817         <p>This weekend we had a small developer gathering for Debian Edu in
14818 Oslo.  Most of Saturday was used for the general assemly for the
14819 member organization, but the rest of the weekend I used to tune the
14820 LTSP installation.  LTSP now work out of the box on the 10-network.
14821 Acer Aspire One proved to be a very nice thin client, with both
14822 screen, mouse and keybard in a small box.  Was working on getting the
14823 diskless workstation setup configured out of the box, but did not
14824 finish it before the weekend was up.</p>
14825
14826 <p>Did not find time to look at the 4 VGA cards in one box we got from
14827 the Brazilian group, so that will have to wait for the next
14828 development gathering.  Would love to have the Debian Edu installer
14829 automatically detect and configure a multiseat setup when it find one
14830 of these cards.</p>
14831
14832       </div>
14833       <div class="tags">
14834
14835
14836         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp</a>.
14837
14838
14839       </div>
14840     </div>
14841     <div class="padding"></div>
14842
14843     <div class="entry">
14844       <div class="title">
14845         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_sorry_state_of_multimedia_browser_plugins_in_Debian.html">The sorry state of multimedia browser plugins in Debian</a>
14846       </div>
14847       <div class="date">
14848         25th November 2008
14849       </div>
14850       <div class="body">
14851         <p>Recently I have spent some time evaluating the multimedia browser
14852 plugins available in Debian Lenny, to see which one we should use by
14853 default in Debian Edu.  We need an embedded video playing plugin with
14854 control buttons to pause or stop the video, and capable of streaming
14855 all the multimedia content available on the web.  The test results and
14856 notes are available on
14857 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/BrowserMultimedia">the
14858 Debian wiki</a>.  I was surprised how few of the plugins are able to
14859 fill this need.  My personal video player favorite, VLC, has a really
14860 bad plugin which fail on a lot of the test pages.  A lot of the MIME
14861 types I would expect to work with any free software player (like
14862 video/ogg), just do not work.  And simple formats like the
14863 audio/x-mplegurl format (m3u playlists), just isn't supported by the
14864 totem and vlc plugins.  I hope the situation will improve soon.  No
14865 wonder sites use the proprietary Adobe flash to play video.</p>
14866
14867 <p>For Lenny, we seem to end up with the mplayer plugin.  It seem to
14868 be the only one fitting our needs. :/</p>
14869
14870       </div>
14871       <div class="tags">
14872
14873
14874         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
14875
14876
14877       </div>
14878     </div>
14879     <div class="padding"></div>
14880
14881     <p style="text-align: right;"><a href="debian edu.rss"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/xml.gif" alt="RSS Feed" width="36" height="14" /></a></p>
14882     <div id="sidebar">
14883
14884
14885
14886 <h2>Archive</h2>
14887 <ul>
14888
14889 <li>2016
14890 <ul>
14891
14892 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/01/">January (3)</a></li>
14893
14894 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/02/">February (2)</a></li>
14895
14896 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/03/">March (3)</a></li>
14897
14898 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/04/">April (8)</a></li>
14899
14900 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/05/">May (8)</a></li>
14901
14902 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/06/">June (2)</a></li>
14903
14904 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/07/">July (2)</a></li>
14905
14906 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/08/">August (3)</a></li>
14907
14908 </ul></li>
14909
14910 <li>2015
14911 <ul>
14912
14913 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/01/">January (7)</a></li>
14914
14915 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/02/">February (6)</a></li>
14916
14917 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/03/">March (1)</a></li>
14918
14919 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/04/">April (4)</a></li>
14920
14921 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/05/">May (3)</a></li>
14922
14923 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/06/">June (4)</a></li>
14924
14925 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/07/">July (6)</a></li>
14926
14927 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/08/">August (2)</a></li>
14928
14929 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/09/">September (2)</a></li>
14930
14931 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/10/">October (9)</a></li>
14932
14933 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/11/">November (6)</a></li>
14934
14935 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/12/">December (3)</a></li>
14936
14937 </ul></li>
14938
14939 <li>2014
14940 <ul>
14941
14942 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/01/">January (2)</a></li>
14943
14944 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/02/">February (3)</a></li>
14945
14946 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/03/">March (8)</a></li>
14947
14948 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/04/">April (7)</a></li>
14949
14950 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/05/">May (1)</a></li>
14951
14952 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/06/">June (2)</a></li>
14953
14954 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/07/">July (2)</a></li>
14955
14956 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/08/">August (2)</a></li>
14957
14958 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/09/">September (5)</a></li>
14959
14960 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/10/">October (6)</a></li>
14961
14962 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/11/">November (3)</a></li>
14963
14964 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/12/">December (5)</a></li>
14965
14966 </ul></li>
14967
14968 <li>2013
14969 <ul>
14970
14971 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/01/">January (11)</a></li>
14972
14973 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/02/">February (9)</a></li>
14974
14975 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/03/">March (9)</a></li>
14976
14977 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/04/">April (6)</a></li>
14978
14979 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/05/">May (9)</a></li>
14980
14981 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/06/">June (10)</a></li>
14982
14983 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/07/">July (7)</a></li>
14984
14985 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/08/">August (3)</a></li>
14986
14987 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/09/">September (5)</a></li>
14988
14989 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/10/">October (7)</a></li>
14990
14991 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/11/">November (9)</a></li>
14992
14993 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/12/">December (3)</a></li>
14994
14995 </ul></li>
14996
14997 <li>2012
14998 <ul>
14999
15000 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/01/">January (7)</a></li>
15001
15002 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/02/">February (10)</a></li>
15003
15004 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/03/">March (17)</a></li>
15005
15006 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/04/">April (12)</a></li>
15007
15008 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/05/">May (12)</a></li>
15009
15010 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/06/">June (20)</a></li>
15011
15012 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/07/">July (17)</a></li>
15013
15014 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/08/">August (6)</a></li>
15015
15016 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/09/">September (9)</a></li>
15017
15018 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/10/">October (17)</a></li>
15019
15020 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/11/">November (10)</a></li>
15021
15022 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/12/">December (7)</a></li>
15023
15024 </ul></li>
15025
15026 <li>2011
15027 <ul>
15028
15029 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/01/">January (16)</a></li>
15030
15031 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/02/">February (6)</a></li>
15032
15033 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/03/">March (6)</a></li>
15034
15035 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/04/">April (7)</a></li>
15036
15037 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/05/">May (3)</a></li>
15038
15039 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/06/">June (2)</a></li>
15040
15041 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/07/">July (7)</a></li>
15042
15043 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/08/">August (6)</a></li>
15044
15045 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/09/">September (4)</a></li>
15046
15047 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/10/">October (2)</a></li>
15048
15049 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/11/">November (3)</a></li>
15050
15051 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/12/">December (1)</a></li>
15052
15053 </ul></li>
15054
15055 <li>2010
15056 <ul>
15057
15058 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/01/">January (2)</a></li>
15059
15060 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/02/">February (1)</a></li>
15061
15062 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/03/">March (3)</a></li>
15063
15064 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/04/">April (3)</a></li>
15065
15066 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/05/">May (9)</a></li>
15067
15068 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/06/">June (14)</a></li>
15069
15070 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/07/">July (12)</a></li>
15071
15072 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/08/">August (13)</a></li>
15073
15074 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/09/">September (7)</a></li>
15075
15076 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/10/">October (9)</a></li>
15077
15078 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/11/">November (13)</a></li>
15079
15080 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/12/">December (12)</a></li>
15081
15082 </ul></li>
15083
15084 <li>2009
15085 <ul>
15086
15087 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/01/">January (8)</a></li>
15088
15089 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/02/">February (8)</a></li>
15090
15091 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/03/">March (12)</a></li>
15092
15093 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/04/">April (10)</a></li>
15094
15095 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/05/">May (9)</a></li>
15096
15097 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/06/">June (3)</a></li>
15098
15099 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/07/">July (4)</a></li>
15100
15101 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/08/">August (3)</a></li>
15102
15103 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/09/">September (1)</a></li>
15104
15105 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/10/">October (2)</a></li>
15106
15107 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/11/">November (3)</a></li>
15108
15109 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/12/">December (3)</a></li>
15110
15111 </ul></li>
15112
15113 <li>2008
15114 <ul>
15115
15116 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/11/">November (5)</a></li>
15117
15118 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/12/">December (7)</a></li>
15119
15120 </ul></li>
15121
15122 </ul>
15123
15124
15125
15126 <h2>Tags</h2>
15127 <ul>
15128
15129  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/3d-printer">3d-printer (13)</a></li>
15130
15131  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/amiga">amiga (1)</a></li>
15132
15133  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/aros">aros (1)</a></li>
15134
15135  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bankid">bankid (4)</a></li>
15136
15137  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bitcoin">bitcoin (9)</a></li>
15138
15139  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem (16)</a></li>
15140
15141  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bsa">bsa (2)</a></li>
15142
15143  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/chrpath">chrpath (2)</a></li>
15144
15145  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian (133)</a></li>
15146
15147  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu (157)</a></li>
15148
15149  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/digistan">digistan (10)</a></li>
15150
15151  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/dld">dld (15)</a></li>
15152
15153  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook (23)</a></li>
15154
15155  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/drivstoffpriser">drivstoffpriser (4)</a></li>
15156
15157  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english (325)</a></li>
15158
15159  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fiksgatami">fiksgatami (23)</a></li>
15160
15161  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fildeling">fildeling (12)</a></li>
15162
15163  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture (28)</a></li>
15164
15165  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freedombox">freedombox (9)</a></li>
15166
15167  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/frikanalen">frikanalen (18)</a></li>
15168
15169  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/h264">h264 (20)</a></li>
15170
15171  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju (42)</a></li>
15172
15173  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram (12)</a></li>
15174
15175  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kart">kart (19)</a></li>
15176
15177  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap (9)</a></li>
15178
15179  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker (8)</a></li>
15180
15181  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lsdvd">lsdvd (2)</a></li>
15182
15183  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp (1)</a></li>
15184
15185  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/mesh network">mesh network (8)</a></li>
15186
15187  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia (39)</a></li>
15188
15189  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nice free software">nice free software (7)</a></li>
15190
15191  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk (276)</a></li>
15192
15193  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug (182)</a></li>
15194
15195  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn (26)</a></li>
15196
15197  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/open311">open311 (2)</a></li>
15198
15199  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett (61)</a></li>
15200
15201  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern (92)</a></li>
15202
15203  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/raid">raid (1)</a></li>
15204
15205  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reactos">reactos (1)</a></li>
15206
15207  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reprap">reprap (11)</a></li>
15208
15209  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rfid">rfid (3)</a></li>
15210
15211  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/robot">robot (9)</a></li>
15212
15213  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rss">rss (1)</a></li>
15214
15215  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ruter">ruter (4)</a></li>
15216
15217  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/scraperwiki">scraperwiki (2)</a></li>
15218
15219  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet (48)</a></li>
15220
15221  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary (4)</a></li>
15222
15223  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/skepsis">skepsis (5)</a></li>
15224
15225  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard (49)</a></li>
15226
15227  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll (4)</a></li>
15228
15229  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stortinget">stortinget (10)</a></li>
15230
15231  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance (37)</a></li>
15232
15233  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sysadmin">sysadmin (2)</a></li>
15234
15235  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/usenix">usenix (2)</a></li>
15236
15237  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/valg">valg (8)</a></li>
15238
15239  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video (59)</a></li>
15240
15241  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/vitenskap">vitenskap (4)</a></li>
15242
15243  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web (38)</a></li>
15244
15245 </ul>
15246
15247
15248     </div>
15249     <p style="text-align: right">
15250  Created by <a href="http://steve.org.uk/Software/chronicle">Chronicle v4.6</a>
15251 </p>
15252
15253   </body>
15254 </html>