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  13  <h1>
  14      <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/">Petter Reinholdtsen</a>
  15
  16  </h1>
  17
  18 </div>
  19
  20
  21     <h3>Entries tagged "debian edu".</h3>
  22
  23     <div class="entry">
  24       <div class="title">
  25         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Yvan_Masson.html">Debian Edu interview: Yvan Masson</a>
  26       </div>
  27       <div class="date">
  28         12th May 2020
  29       </div>
  30       <div class="body">
  31         <p>It has been way too long since my last interview, but as the
  32 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
  33 community is still active, and new people keep showing up on the IRC
  34 channel <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/#debian-edu">#debian-edu</a> and
  35 <a href="https://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">the debian-edu mailing
  36 list</a>, I decided to give it another go.  I was hoping someone else
  37 might pick up the idea and run with it, but this has not happened as
  38 far as I can tell, so here we are… This time the announcement of a new
  39 free software tool to
  40 <a href="https://framagit.org/Yvan-Masson/WhosWho">create a school year
  41 book</a> triggered my interest, and I decided to learn more about its
  42 author.</p>
  43
  44 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
  45
  46 <p>My name is Yvan MASSON, I live in France. I have my own one person
  47 business in computer services.  The work consist of visiting my
  48 customers (person's home, local authority, small business) to give
  49 advise, install computers and software, fix issues, and provide
  50 computing usage training.  I spend the rest of my time enjoying my
  51 family and promoting free software.</p>
  52
  53 <p><strong>What is your approach for promoting free
  54 software?</strong></p>
  55
  56 <p>When I think that free software could be suitable for someone, I
  57 explain what it is, with simple words, give a few known examples, and
  58 explain that while there is no fee it is a viable alternative in many
  59 situations. Most people are receptive when you explain how it is
  60 better (I simplify arguments here, I know that it is not so simple):
  61 Linux works on older hardware, there are no viruses, and the software
  62 can be audited to ensure user is not spied upon. I think the most
  63 important is to keep a clear but moderated speech: when you try to
  64 convince too much, people feel attacked and stop listening.</p>
  65
  66 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
  67 project?</strong></p>
  68
  69 <p>I can not remember how I first heard of Skolelinux / Debian Edu,
  70 but probably on planet.debian.org. As I have been working for a
  71 school, I have interest in this type of project.
  72
  73 <p>The school I am involved in is a school for "children" between 14
  74 and 18 years old.  The French government has recommended free software
  75 since 2012, but they do not always use free software themselves.  The
  76 school computers are still using the Windows operating system, but all
  77 of them have the classic set of free software: Firefox ESR,
  78 LibreOffice (with the excellent extension Grammalecte that indicates
  79 French grammatical errors), SumatraPDF, Audacity, 7zip, KeePass2, VLC,
  80 GIMP, Inkscape…
  81
  82 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
  83 Edu?</strong></p>
  84
  85 <p>It is free software! Built on Debian, I am sure that users are not
  86 spied upon, and that it can run on low end hardware.  This last point
  87 is very important, because we really need to improve "green IT".  I do
  88 not know enough about Skolelinux / Debian Edu to tell how it is better
  89 than another free software solution, but what I like is the "all in
  90 one" solution: everything has been thought of and prepared to ease
  91 installation and usage.</p>
  92
  93 <p>I like Free Software because I hate using something that I can not
  94 understand. I do not say that I can understand everything nor that I
  95 want to understand everything, but knowing that someone / some company
  96 intentionally prevents me from understanding how things work is really
  97 unacceptable to me.</p>
  98
  99 <p>Secondly, and more importantly, free software is a requirement to
 100 prevent abuses regarding human rights and environmental care.
 101 Humanity can not rely on tools that are in the hands of small group of
 102 people.</p>
 103
 104 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 105 Edu?</strong></p>
 106
 107 <p>Again, I don't know this project enough. Maybe a dedicated website?
 108 Debian wiki works well for documentation, but is not very appealing to
 109 someone discovering the project. Also, as Skolelinux / Debian Edu uses
 110 OpenLDAP, it probably means that Windows workstations cannot use
 111 centralized authentication. Maybe the project could use Samba as an
 112 Active Directory domain controller instead, allowing Windows desktop
 113 usage when necessary.</p>
 114
 115 <p>(Editors note: In fact Windows workstations can
 116 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Buster/HowTo/Samba">use
 117 the centralized authentication in a Debian Edu setup</a>, at least for
 118 some versions of Windows, but the fact that this is not well known can
 119 be seen as an indication of the need for better documentation and
 120 marketing. :)</p>
 121
 122 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
 123
 124 <p>Nothing original: Debian testing/sid with Gnome desktop, Firefox,
 125 Thunderbird, LibreOffice…</p>
 126
 127 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
 128 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
 129
 130 <p>Every effort to spread free software into schools is important,
 131 whatever it is. But I think, at least where I live, that IT
 132 professionals maintaining schools networks are still very "Microsoft
 133 centric".  Schools will use any working solution, but they need people
 134 to install and maintain it.  How to make these professionals sensitive
 135 about free software and train them with solutions like Debian Edu /
 136 Skolelinux is a really good question :-)</p>
 137
 138       </div>
 139       <div class="tags">
 140
 141
 142         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
 143
 144
 145       </div>
 146     </div>
 147     <div class="padding"></div>
 148
 149     <div class="entry">
 150       <div class="title">
 151         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Quicker_Debian_installations_using_eatmydata.html">Quicker Debian installations using eatmydata</a>
 152       </div>
 153       <div class="date">
 154         25th November 2016
 155       </div>
 156       <div class="body">
 157         <p>Two years ago, I did some experiments with eatmydata and the Debian
 158 installation system, observing how using
 159 <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Speeding_up_the_Debian_installer_using_eatmydata_and_dpkg_divert.html">eatmydata
 160 could speed up the installation</a> quite a bit.  My testing measured
 161 speedup around 20-40 percent for Debian Edu, where we install around
 162 1000 packages from within the installer.  The eatmydata package
 163 provide a way to disable/delay file system flushing.  This is a bit
 164 risky in the general case, as files that should be stored on disk will
 165 stay only in memory a bit longer than expected, causing problems if a
 166 machine crashes at an inconvenient time.  But for an installation, if
 167 the machine crashes during installation the process is normally
 168 restarted, and avoiding disk operations as much as possible to speed
 169 up the process make perfect sense.
 170
 171 <p>I added code in the Debian Edu specific installation code to enable
 172 <a href="https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/libeatmydata">eatmydata</a>,
 173 but did not have time to push it any further.  But a few months ago I
 174 picked it up again and worked with the libeatmydata package maintainer
 175 Mattia Rizzolo to make it easier for everyone to get this installation
 176 speedup in Debian.  Thanks to our cooperation There is now an
 177 eatmydata-udeb package in Debian testing and unstable, and simply
 178 enabling/installing it in debian-installer (d-i) is enough to get the
 179 quicker installations.  It can be enabled using preseeding.  The
 180 following untested kernel argument should do the trick:</p>
 181
 182 <blockquote><pre>
 183 preseed/early_command="anna-install eatmydata-udeb"
 184 </pre></blockquote>
 185
 186 <p>This should ask d-i to install the package inside the d-i
 187 environment early in the installation sequence.  Having it installed
 188 in d-i in turn will make sure the relevant scripts are called just
 189 after debootstrap filled /target/ with the freshly installed Debian
 190 system to configure apt to run dpkg with eatmydata.  This is enough to
 191 speed up the installation process.  There is a proposal to
 192 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/841153">extend the idea a bit further
 193 by using /etc/ld.so.preload instead of apt.conf</a>, but I have not
 194 tested its impact.</p>
 195
 196
 197       </div>
 198       <div class="tags">
 199
 200
 201         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 202
 203
 204       </div>
 205     </div>
 206     <div class="padding"></div>
 207
 208     <div class="entry">
 209       <div class="title">
 210         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_new__best__multimedia_player_in_Debian_.html">The new "best" multimedia player in Debian?</a>
 211       </div>
 212       <div class="date">
 213          6th June 2016
 214       </div>
 215       <div class="body">
 216         <p>When I set out a few weeks ago to figure out
 217 <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/What_is_the_best_multimedia_player_in_Debian_.html">which
 218 multimedia player in Debian claimed to support most file formats /
 219 MIME types</a>, I was a bit surprised how varied the sets of MIME types
 220 the various players claimed support for.  The range was from 55 to 130
 221 MIME types.  I suspect most media formats are supported by all
 222 players, but this is not really reflected in the MimeTypes values in
 223 their desktop files.  There are probably also some bogus MIME types
 224 listed, but it is hard to identify which one this is.</p>
 225
 226 <p>Anyway, in the mean time I got in touch with upstream for some of
 227 the players suggesting to add more MIME types to their desktop files,
 228 and decided to spend some time myself improving the situation for my
 229 favorite media player VLC.  The fixes for VLC entered Debian unstable
 230 yesterday. The complete list of MIME types can be seen on the
 231 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianMultimedia/PlayerSupport">Multimedia
 232 player MIME type support status</a> Debian wiki page.</p>
 233
 234 <p>The new "best" multimedia player in Debian?  It is VLC, followed by
 235 totem, parole, kplayer, gnome-mpv, mpv, smplayer, mplayer-gui and
 236 kmplayer.  I am sure some of the other players desktop files support
 237 several of the formats currently listed as working only with vlc,
 238 toten and parole.</p>
 239
 240 <p>A sad observation is that only 14 MIME types are listed as
 241 supported by all the tested multimedia players in Debian in their
 242 desktop files: audio/mpeg, audio/vnd.rn-realaudio, audio/x-mpegurl,
 243 audio/x-ms-wma, audio/x-scpls, audio/x-wav, video/mp4, video/mpeg,
 244 video/quicktime, video/vnd.rn-realvideo, video/x-matroska,
 245 video/x-ms-asf, video/x-ms-wmv and video/x-msvideo.  Personally I find
 246 it sad that video/ogg and video/webm is not supported by all the media
 247 players in Debian.  As far as I can tell, all of them can handle both
 248 formats.</p>
 249
 250       </div>
 251       <div class="tags">
 252
 253
 254         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
 255
 256
 257       </div>
 258     </div>
 259     <div class="padding"></div>
 260
 261     <div class="entry">
 262       <div class="title">
 263         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/What_is_the_best_multimedia_player_in_Debian_.html">What is the best multimedia player in Debian?</a>
 264       </div>
 265       <div class="date">
 266          8th May 2016
 267       </div>
 268       <div class="body">
 269         <p><strong>Where I set out to figure out which multimedia player in
 270 Debian claim support for most file formats.</strong></p>
 271
 272 <p>A few years ago, I had a look at the media support for Browser
 273 plugins in Debian, to get an idea which plugins to include in Debian
 274 Edu.  I created a script to extract the set of supported MIME types
 275 for each plugin, and used this to find out which multimedia browser
 276 plugin supported most file formats / media types.
 277 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/BrowserMultimedia">The
 278 result</a> can still be seen on the Debian wiki, even though it have
 279 not been updated for a while.  But browser plugins are less relevant
 280 these days, so I thought it was time to look at standalone
 281 players.</p>
 282
 283 <p>A few days ago I was tired of VLC not being listed as a viable
 284 player when I wanted to play videos from the Norwegian National
 285 Broadcasting Company, and decided to investigate why.  The cause is a
 286 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/822245">missing MIME type in the VLC
 287 desktop file</a>.  In the process I wrote a script to compare the set
 288 of MIME types announced in the desktop file and the browser plugin,
 289 only to discover that there is quite a large difference between the
 290 two for VLC.  This discovery made me dig up the script I used to
 291 compare browser plugins, and adjust it to compare desktop files
 292 instead, to try to figure out which multimedia player in Debian
 293 support most file formats.</p>
 294
 295 <p>The result can be seen on the Debian Wiki, as
 296 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianMultimedia/PlayerSupport">a
 297 table listing all MIME types supported by one of the packages included
 298 in the table</a>, with the package supporting most MIME types being
 299 listed first in the table.</p>
 300
 301 </p>The best multimedia player in Debian?  It is totem, followed by
 302 parole, kplayer, mpv, vlc, smplayer mplayer-gui gnome-mpv and
 303 kmplayer.  Time for the other players to update their announced MIME
 304 support?</p>
 305
 306       </div>
 307       <div class="tags">
 308
 309
 310         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
 311
 312
 313       </div>
 314     </div>
 315     <div class="padding"></div>
 316
 317     <div class="entry">
 318       <div class="title">
 319         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ny_utgave__v2_2__av_den_frie_norske_stavekontrollen_gitt_ut.html">Ny utgave (v2.2) av den frie norske stavekontrollen gitt ut</a>
 320       </div>
 321       <div class="date">
 322         15th April 2016
 323       </div>
 324       <div class="body">
 325         <p>I dag tok jeg mot til meg og pakket sammen en ny versjon av den
 326 frie norske stavekontrollen, ca. tre og et halvt år etter forrige
 327 gang.  Resultatet kan lastes ned fra
 328 <a href="http://no.speling.org/">no.speling.org-prosjeksiden</a>, både
 329 som kildekodepakke og som "pack"-fil som kanskje fortsatt kan brukes
 330 av OpenOffice.org/LibreOffice.  Byggesystemet trenger oppussing, men i
 331 denne omgang hadde jeg bare tid til å fikse byggefeil forårsaket av
 332 endringer i GNU grep.  De øvrige endringene var gjort tidligere i
 333 påvente av en ny utgave.</p>
 334
 335 <p><strong>Her er det som er nytt (fra NEWS-fila i
 336 kildekodepakken):</strong></p>
 337
 338 <p>Release 2.2 (2016-04-15)</p>
 339
 340 <ul>
 341
 342  <li>Rewrite how scripts/speling2words handle tripple consonants, to
 343    avoid importing duplicate words from no.speling.org, and getting
 344    rid of the existing duplicates in norsk.words.</li>
 345  <li>Remove duplicate entries with tripple consonants from norsk.words.</li>
 346  <li>Update frequency for entries in norsk.words based on
 347    <URL:http://helmer.aksis.uib.no/nta/ordlistf.zip> (ran 'make
 348    freq-update').</li>
 349  <li>Correct nn ispell build, avoid crash in munchlist causing lots of
 350    words to fall out of the database.</li>
 351  <li>Use grep -a to convince grep it is working on text files, to work
 352    with newer grep versions.</li>
 353
 354  <li>Remove some words disputed in the no.speling.org review process:
 355    <ul>
 356     <li>apparent (nb)</li>
 357     <li>likke (nb)</li>
 358     <li>ugjest, ugjesten, ugjestens (nb)</li>
 359  </ul></li>
 360
 361 </ul>
 362
 363       </div>
 364       <div class="tags">
 365
 366
 367         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
 368
 369
 370       </div>
 371     </div>
 372     <div class="padding"></div>
 373
 374     <div class="entry">
 375       <div class="title">
 376         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_GNU_General_Public_License_is_not_magic_pixie_dust.html">The GNU General Public License is not magic pixie dust</a>
 377       </div>
 378       <div class="date">
 379         30th November 2015
 380       </div>
 381       <div class="body">
 382         <p>A blog post from my fellow Debian developer Paul Wise titled
 383 "<a href="http://bonedaddy.net/pabs3/log/2015/11/27/sfc-supporter/">The
 384 GPL is not magic pixie dust</a>" explain the importance of making sure
 385 the <a href="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html">GPL</a> is enforced.
 386 I quote the blog post from Paul in full here with his permission:<p>
 387
 388 <blockquote>
 389
 390 <p><a href="https://sfconservancy.org/supporter/"><img src="https://sfconservancy.org/img/supporter-badge.png" width="194" height="90" alt="Become a Software Freedom Conservancy Supporter!" align="right" border="0" /></a></p>
 391
 392 <blockquote>
 393 The GPL is not magic pixie dust. It does not work by itself.<br/>
 394
 395 The first step is to choose a
 396 <a href="https://copyleft.org/">copyleft</a> license for your
 397 code.<br/>
 398
 399 The next step is, when someone fails to follow that copyleft license,
 400 <b>it must be enforced</b><br/>
 401
 402 and its a simple fact of our modern society that such type of
 403 work<br/>
 404
 405 is incredibly expensive to do and incredibly difficult to do.
 406 </blockquote>
 407
 408 <p><small>-- <a href="http://ebb.org/bkuhn/">Bradley Kuhn</a>, in
 409 <a href="http://faif.us/" title="Free as in Freedom">FaiF</a>
 410 <a href="http://faif.us/cast/2015/nov/24/0x57/">episode
 411 0x57</a></small></p>
 412
 413 <p>As the Debian Website
 414 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/794116">used</a>
 415 <a href="https://anonscm.debian.org/viewvc/webwml/webwml/english/intro/free.wml?r1=1.24&amp;r2=1.25">to</a>
 416 imply, public domain and permissively licensed software can lead to
 417 the production of more proprietary software as people discover useful
 418 software, extend it and or incorporate it into their hardware or
 419 software products.  Copyleft licenses such as the GNU GPL were created
 420 to close off this avenue to the production of proprietary software but
 421 such licenses are not enough.  With the ongoing adoption of Free
 422 Software by individuals and groups, inevitably the community's
 423 expectations of license compliance are violated, usually out of
 424 ignorance of the way Free Software works, but not always.  As Karen
 425 and Bradley explained in <a href="http://faif.us/" title="Free as in
 426 Freedom">FaiF</a>
 427 <a href="http://faif.us/cast/2015/nov/24/0x57/">episode 0x57</a>,
 428 copyleft is nothing if no-one is willing and able to stand up in court
 429 to protect it.  The reality of today's world is that legal
 430 representation is expensive, difficult and time consuming.  With
 431 <a href="http://gpl-violations.org/">gpl-violations.org</a> in hiatus
 432 <a href="http://gpl-violations.org/news/20151027-homepage-recovers/">until</a>
 433 some time in 2016, the <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/">Software
 434 Freedom Conservancy</a> (a tax-exempt charity) is the major defender
 435 of the Linux project, Debian and other groups against GPL violations.
 436 In March the SFC supported a
 437 <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/news/2015/mar/05/vmware-lawsuit/">lawsuit
 438 by Christoph Hellwig</a> against VMware for refusing to
 439 <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/linux-compliance/vmware-lawsuit-faq.html">comply
 440 with the GPL</a> in relation to their use of parts of the Linux
 441 kernel.  Since then two of their sponsors pulled corporate funding and
 442 conferences
 443 <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/blog/2015/nov/24/faif-carols-fundraiser/">blocked
 444 or cancelled their talks</a>.  As a result they have decided to rely
 445 less on corporate funding and more on the broad community of
 446 individuals who support Free Software and copyleft.  So the SFC has
 447 <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/news/2015/nov/23/2015fundraiser/">launched</a>
 448 a <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/supporter/">campaign</a> to create
 449 a community of folks who stand up for copyleft and the GPL by
 450 supporting their work on promoting and supporting copyleft and Free
 451 Software.</p>
 452
 453 <p>If you support Free Software,
 454 <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/blog/2015/nov/26/like-what-I-do/">like</a>
 455 what the SFC do, agree with their
 456 <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/linux-compliance/principles.html">compliance
 457 principles</a>, are happy about their
 458 <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/supporter/">successes</a> in 2015,
 459 work on a project that is an SFC
 460 <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/members/current/">member</a> and or
 461 just want to stand up for copyleft, please join
 462 <a href="https://identi.ca/cwebber/image/JQGPA4qbTyyp3-MY8QpvuA">Christopher
 463 Allan Webber</a>,
 464 <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/blog/2015/nov/24/faif-carols-fundraiser/">Carol
 465 Smith</a>,
 466 <a href="http://www.jonobacon.org/2015/11/25/supporting-software-freedom-conservancy/">Jono
 467 Bacon</a>, myself and
 468 <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/sponsors/#supporters">others</a> in
 469 becoming a
 470 <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/supporter/">supporter</a>.  For the
 471 next week your donation will be
 472 <a href="https://sfconservancy.org/news/2015/nov/27/black-friday/">matched</a>
 473 by an anonymous donor.  Please also consider asking your employer to
 474 match your donation or become a sponsor of SFC.  Don't forget to
 475 spread the word about your support for SFC via email, your blog and or
 476 social media accounts.</p>
 477
 478 </blockquote>
 479
 480 <p>I agree with Paul on this topic and just signed up as a Supporter
 481 of Software Freedom Conservancy myself.  Perhaps you should be a
 482 supporter too?</p>
 483
 484       </div>
 485       <div class="tags">
 486
 487
 488         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett</a>.
 489
 490
 491       </div>
 492     </div>
 493     <div class="padding"></div>
 494
 495     <div class="entry">
 496       <div class="title">
 497         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Jessie_based_Debian_Edu_beta_release.html">First Jessie based Debian Edu beta release</a>
 498       </div>
 499       <div class="date">
 500         26th April 2015
 501       </div>
 502       <div class="body">
 503         <p>I am happy to report that the Debian Edu team sent out
 504 <a href="https://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2015/04/msg00000.html">this
 505 announcement today</a>:</p>
 506
 507 <pre>
 508 the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project is pleased to announce the first
 509 *beta* release of Debian Edu "Jessie" 8.0+edu0~b1, which for the first
 510 time is composed entirely of packages from the current Debian stable
 511 release, Debian 8 "Jessie".
 512
 513 (As most reading this will know, Debian "Jessie" hasn't actually been
 514 released by now. The release is still in progress but should finish
 515 later today ;)
 516
 517 We expect to make a final release of Debian Edu "Jessie" in the coming
 518 weeks, timed with the first point release of Debian Jessie. Upgrades
 519 from this beta release of Debian Edu Jessie to the final release will
 520 be possible and encouraged!
 521
 522 Please report feedback to debian-edu@lists.debian.org and/or submit
 523 bugs: http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs
 524
 525 Debian Edu - sometimes also known as "Skolelinux" - is a complete
 526 operating system for schools, universities and other
 527 organisations. Through its pre- prepared installation profiles
 528 administrators can install servers, workstations and laptops which
 529 will work in harmony on the school network.  With Debian Edu, the
 530 teachers themselves or their technical support staff can roll out a
 531 complete multi-user, multi-machine study environment within hours or
 532 days.
 533
 534 Debian Edu is already in use at several hundred schools all over the
 535 world, particularly in Germany, Spain and Norway. Installations come
 536 with hundreds of applications pre-installed, plus the whole Debian
 537 archive of thousands of compatible packages within easy reach.
 538
 539 For those who want to give Debian Edu Jessie a try, download and
 540 installation instructions are available, including detailed
 541 instructions in the manual explaining the first steps, such as setting
 542 up a network or adding users.  Please note that the password for the
 543 user your prompted for during installation must have a length of at
 544 least 5 characters!
 545
 546 == Where to download ==
 547
 548 A multi-architecture CD / usbstick image (649 MiB) for network booting
 549 can be downloaded at the following locations:
 550
 551     http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~b1-CD.iso
 552     rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~b1-CD.iso .
 553
 554 The SHA1SUM of this image is: 54a524d16246cddd8d2cfd6ea52f2dd78c47ee0a
 555
 556 Alternatively an extended DVD / usbstick image (4.9 GiB) is also
 557 available, with more software included (saving additional download
 558 time):
 559
 560     http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~b1-USB.iso
 561     rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~b1-USB.iso
 562
 563 The SHA1SUM of this image is: fb1f1504a490c077a48653898f9d6a461cb3c636
 564
 565 Sources are available from the Debian archive, see
 566 http://ftp.debian.org/debian-cd/8.0.0/source/ for some download
 567 options.
 568
 569 == Debian Edu Jessie manual in seven languages ==
 570
 571 Please see https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie/ for
 572 the English version of the Debian Edu jessie manual.
 573
 574 This manual has been fully translated to German, French, Italian,
 575 Danish, Dutch and Norwegian Bokmål. A partly translated version exists
 576 for Spanish.  See http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/ for
 577 online version of the translated manual.
 578
 579 More information about Debian 8 "Jessie" itself is provided in the
 580 release notes and the installation manual:
 581 - http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/releasenotes
 582 - http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/installmanual
 583
 584
 585 == Errata / known problems ==
 586
 587     It takes up to 15 minutes for a changed hostname to be updated via
 588     DHCP (#780461).
 589
 590     The hostname script fails to update LTSP server hostname (#783087).
 591
 592 Workaround: run update-hostname-from-ip on the client to update the
 593 hostname immediately.
 594
 595 Check https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie for a possibly
 596 more current and complete list.
 597
 598 == Some more details about Debian Edu 8.0+edu0~b1 Codename Jessie released 2015-04-25 ==
 599
 600 === Software updates ===
 601
 602 Everything which is new in Debian 8 Jessie, e.g.:
 603
 604  * Linux kernel 3.16.7-ctk9; for the i386 architecture, support for
 605    i486 processors has been dropped; oldest supported ones: i586 (like
 606    Intel Pentium and AMD K5).
 607
 608  * Desktop environments KDE Plasma Workspaces 4.11.13, GNOME 3.14,
 609    Xfce 4.12, LXDE 0.5.6
 610    * new optional desktop environment: MATE 1.8
 611    * KDE Plasma Workspaces is installed by default; to choose one of
 612      the others see the manual.
 613  * the browsers Iceweasel 31 ESR and Chromium 41
 614  * LibreOffice 4.3.3
 615  * GOsa 2.7.4
 616  * LTSP 5.5.4
 617  * CUPS print system 1.7.5
 618  * new boot framework: systemd
 619  * Educational toolbox GCompris 14.12
 620  * Music creator Rosegarden 14.02
 621  * Image editor Gimp 2.8.14
 622  * Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.13.1
 623  * golearn 0.9
 624  * tuxpaint 0.9.22
 625  * New version of debian-installer from Debian Jessie.
 626  * Debian Jessie includes about 43000 packages available for installation.
 627  * More information about Debian 8 Jessie is provided in its release
 628    notes and the installation manual, see the link above.
 629
 630 === Installation changes ===
 631
 632     Installations done via PXE now also install firmware automatically
 633     for the hardware present.
 634
 635 === Fixed bugs ===
 636
 637 A number of bugs have been fixed in this release; the most noticeable
 638 from a user perspective:
 639
 640  * Inserting incorrect DNS information in Gosa will no longer break
 641    DNS completely, but instead stop DNS updates until the incorrect
 642    information is corrected (710362)
 643
 644  * shutdown-at-night now shuts the system down if gdm3 is used (775608).
 645
 646 === Sugar desktop removed ===
 647
 648 As the Sugar desktop was removed from Debian Jessie, it is also not
 649 available in Debian Edu jessie.
 650
 651
 652 == About Debian Edu / Skolelinux ==
 653
 654 Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux, is a Linux distribution based on
 655 Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
 656 configured school network. Directly after installation a school server
 657 running all services needed for a school network is set up just
 658 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
 659 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
 660 initial installation of the main server from CD or USB stick all other
 661 machines can be installed via the network. The provided school server
 662 provides LDAP database and Kerberos authentication service,
 663 centralized home directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other
 664 services.  The desktop contains more than 60 educational software
 665 packages and more are available from the Debian archive, and schools
 666 can choose between KDE, GNOME, LXDE, Xfce and MATE desktop
 667 environment.
 668
 669 == About Debian ==
 670
 671 The Debian Project was founded in 1993 by Ian Murdock to be a truly
 672 free community project. Since then the project has grown to be one of
 673 the largest and most influential open source projects. Thousands of
 674 volunteers from all over the world work together to create and
 675 maintain Debian software. Available in 70 languages, and supporting a
 676 huge range of computer types, Debian calls itself the universal
 677 operating system.
 678
 679 == Thanks ==
 680
 681 Thanks to everyone making Debian and Debian Edu / Skolelinux happen!
 682 You rock.
 683 </pre>
 684
 685       </div>
 686       <div class="tags">
 687
 688
 689         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 690
 691
 692       </div>
 693     </div>
 694     <div class="padding"></div>
 695
 696     <div class="entry">
 697       <div class="title">
 698         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Shirish_Agarwal.html">Debian Edu interview: Shirish Agarwal</a>
 699       </div>
 700       <div class="date">
 701         15th April 2015
 702       </div>
 703       <div class="body">
 704         <p>It was a surprise to me to learn that project to create a complete
 705 computer system for schools I've involved in,
 706 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>, was
 707 being used in India.  But apparently it is, and I managed to get an
 708 interview with one of the friends of the project there, Shirish
 709 Agarwal.</p>
 710
 711 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
 712
 713 <p>My name is Shirish Agarwal. Based out of the educational and
 714 historical city of Pune, from the western state of Maharashtra, India.
 715 My bread comes from giving training, giving policy tips,
 716 installations on free software to mom and pop shops in different
 717 fields from Desktop publishing to retail shops as well as work with
 718 few software start-ups as well.</p>
 719
 720 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
 721 project?</strong></p>
 722
 723 <p>It started innocently enough. I have been using Debian for a few
 724 years and in one local minidebconf / debutsav I was asked if there was
 725 anything for schools or education. I had worked / played with free
 726 educational softwares such as Gcompris and Stellarium for my many
 727 nieces and nephews so researched and found Debian Edu or Skolelinux as
 728 it was known then.  Since then I have started using the various
 729 education meta-packages provided by the project.</p>
 730
 731 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 732 Edu?</strong></p>
 733
 734 <p>It's closest I have seen where a package full of educational
 735 software are packed, which are free and open (both literally and
 736 figuratively).  Even if I take the simplest software which is
 737 gcompris, the number of activities therein are amazing. Another one of
 738 the softwares that I have liked for a long time is stellarium. Even
 739 pysycache is cool except for couple of issues I encountered
 740 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/781841">#781841</a> and
 741 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/781842">#781842</a>.</p>
 742
 743 <p>I prefer software installed on the system over web based solutions,
 744 as a web site can disappear any time but the software on disk has the
 745 possibility of a larger life span.  Of course with both it's more a
 746 question if it has enough users who make it fun or sustainable or both
 747 for the developer per-se.</p>
 748
 749 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 750 Edu?</strong></p>
 751
 752 <p>I do see that the Debian Edu team seems to be short-handed and I
 753 think more efforts should be made to make it popular and ask and take
 754 help from people and the larger community wherever possible.</p>
 755
 756 <p>I don't see any disadvantage to use Skolelinux apart from the fact
 757 that most apps. are generic which is good or bad how you see it.
 758 However, saying that I do acknowledge the fact that the canvas is
 759 pretty big and there are lot of interesting ideas that could be done
 760 but for reasons not known not done or if done I don't know about them.
 761 Let me share some of the ideas (these are more upstream based but
 762 still) I have had for a long time :</p>
 763
 764 <p>1. Classical maths question of two trains in opposing directions
 765 each running @x kmph/mph at y distance, when they will meet and how
 766 far would each travel and similar questions like these.
 767
 768 <p>The computer is a fantastic system where questions like these can
 769 be drawn, animated and the methodology and answers teased out in
 770 interactive manner. While sites such as the
 771 <a href="http://mathforum.org/dr.math/faq/faq.two.trains.html">Ask
 772 Dr. Math FAQ on The Two Trains problem</a> (as an example or point of
 773 inspiration) can be used there is lot more that can be done.  I dunno
 774 if there is a free software which does something like this.  The idea
 775 being a blend of objects + animation + interaction which does
 776 this. The whole interaction could be gamified with points or sounds or
 777 colourful celebration whenever the user gets even part of the question
 778 or/and methodology right. That would help reinforce good behaviour.
 779 This understanding could be used to share/showcase everything from how
 780 the first wheel came to be, to evolution to how astronomy started,
 781 psychics and everything in-between.</p>
 782
 783 <p>One specific idea in the train part was having the Linux mascot on
 784 one train and the BSD or GNU mascot on the other train and they
 785 meeting somewhere in-between. Characters from blender movies could
 786 also be used.</p>
 787
 788 <p>2. Loads of crossword-puzzles with reference to subjects: We have
 789 enormous data sets in Wikipedia and Wikitionary.  I don't think it
 790 should be a big job to design crossword puzzles. Using categories and
 791 sub-categories it should be doable to have Q&A single word answers
 792 from the existing data-sets. What would make it easy or hard could be
 793 the length of the word + existence of many or few vowels depending on
 794 the user's input.</p>
 795
 796 <p>3. Jigsaw puzzles - We already have a great software called
 797 palapeli with number of slicers making it pretty interesting. What
 798 needs to be done is to download large number of public domain and
 799 copyleft images, tease and use IPTC tags to categorise them into
 800 nature, history etc.  and let it loose. This could turn to be really
 801 huge collection of images. One source could be taken from
 802 commons.wikimedia.org, others could be huge collection of royalty-free
 803 stock photos. Potential is immense.</p>
 804
 805 <p>Apart from this, free software suffers in two directions, we lag
 806 both in development (of using new features per-se) and maintenance a
 807 lot.  This is more so in educational software as these applications
 808 need to be timely and the opportunity cost of missing deadlines is
 809 immense. If we are able to solve issues of funding for development and
 810 maintenance of such software I don't see any big difficulties. I know
 811 of few start-ups in and around India who would love to develop and
 812 maintain such software if funding issues could be solved.</p>
 813
 814 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
 815
 816 <p>That would be huge list. Some of the softwares are obviously apt,
 817 aptitude, debdelta, leafpad, the shell of course (zsh nowadays),
 818 quassel for IRC. In games I use shisen-sho while card-games are evenly
 819 between kpat and Aiselriot.  In desktops it's a tie between
 820 gnome-flashback and mate.</p>
 821
 822 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
 823 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
 824
 825 <p>I think it should first start with using specific FOSS apps. in
 826 whatever environment they are. If it's MS-Windows or Mac so be it.
 827 Once they are habitual with the apps. and there is buy-in from the
 828 school management then it could be installed anywhere. Most of the
 829 people now understand the concept of a repository because of the
 830 various online stores so it isn't hard to convince on that front.</p>
 831
 832 <p>What is harder is having enough people with technical skills and
 833 passion to service them. If you get buy-in from one or two teachers
 834 then ideas like above could also be asked to be done as a project as
 835 well.</p>
 836
 837 <p>I think where we fall short more than anything is in marketing. For
 838 instance, Debian has this whole range of fonts in its archive but
 839 there isn't even a page where all those different fonts in the La
 840 Ipsum format could be tried out for newcomers.</p>
 841
 842 <p>One of the issues faced constantly in installations is with updates
 843 and upgrades.  People have this myth that each update and upgrade
 844 means the user interface will / has to change. I have seen this
 845 innumerable times.  That perhaps is one of the reasons which browsers
 846 like Iceweasel / Firefox change user interfaces so much, not because
 847 it might be needed or be functional but because people believe that
 848 changed user interfaces are better. This, can easily be pointed with
 849 the user interfaces changed with almost every MS-Windows and Mac OS
 850 releases.</p>
 851
 852 <p>The problems with Debian Edu for deployment are many. The biggest
 853 is the huge gap between what is taught in schools and what Debian Edu
 854 is aimed at.
 855
 856 <p>Me and my friends did teach on week-ends in a government school for
 857 around 2 years, and
 858 <a href="https://flossexperiences.wordpress.com/2012/10/08/sharings/">gathered
 859 some experience</a> there.  Some of the things we learnt/discovered
 860 there was :</p>
 861
 862 <ol>
 863
 864   <li>Most of the teachers are very territorial about their subjects
 865    and they do not want you to teach anything out of the
 866    portion/syllabus given.</li>
 867
 868   <li>They want any activity on the system in accordance to whatever
 869    is in the syllabus.</li>
 870
 871   <li>There are huge barriers both with the English language and at
 872    times with objects or whatever. An example, let's say in gcompris
 873    you have objects falling down and you have to name them and let's
 874    say the falling object is a hat or a fedora hat, this would not be
 875    as recognizable as say a
 876    <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puneri_Pagadi">Puneri
 877    Pagdi</a> so there is need to inject local objects, words wherever
 878    possible. Especially for word-games there are so many hindi words
 879    which have become part of english vocabulary (for instance in
 880    parley), those could be made into a hinglish collection or
 881    something but that is something for upstream to do.</li>
 882
 883 </ol>
 884
 885       </div>
 886       <div class="tags">
 887
 888
 889         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
 890
 891
 892       </div>
 893     </div>
 894     <div class="padding"></div>
 895
 896     <div class="entry">
 897       <div class="title">
 898         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Jessie_based_Debian_Edu_released__alpha0_.html">First Jessie based Debian Edu released (alpha0)</a>
 899       </div>
 900       <div class="date">
 901         27th October 2014
 902       </div>
 903       <div class="body">
 904         <p>I am happy to report that I on behalf of the Debian Edu team just
 905 sent out
 906 <a href="https://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2014/10/msg00000.html">this
 907 announcement</a>:</p>
 908
 909 <pre>
 910 The Debian Edu Team is pleased to announce the release of Debian Edu
 911 Jessie 8.0+edu0~alpha0
 912
 913 Debian Edu is a complete operating system for schools. Through its
 914 various installation profiles you can install servers, workstations
 915 and laptops which will work together on the school network. With
 916 Debian Edu, the teachers themselves or their technical support can
 917 roll out a complete multi-user multi-machine study environment within
 918 hours or a few days. Debian Edu comes with hundreds of applications
 919 pre-installed, but you can always add more packages from Debian.
 920
 921 For those who want to give Debian Edu Jessie a try, download and
 922 installation instructions are available, including detailed
 923 instructions in the manual[1] explaining the first steps, such as
 924 setting up a network or adding users. Please note that the password
 925 for the user your prompted for during installation must have a length
 926 of at least 5 characters!
 927
 928  [1] &lt;URL: <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie">https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie</a> &gt;
 929
 930 Would you like to give your school's computer a longer life? Are you
 931 tired of sneaker administration, running from computer to computer
 932 reinstalling the operating system? Would you like to administrate all
 933 the computers in your school using only a couple of hours every week?
 934 Check out Debian Edu Jessie!
 935
 936 Skolelinux is used by at least two hundred schools all over the world,
 937 mostly in Germany and Norway.
 938
 939 About Debian Edu and Skolelinux
 940 ===============================
 941
 942 Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux[2], is a Linux distribution based
 943 on Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
 944 configured school network. Immediately after installation a school
 945 server running all services needed for a school network is set up just
 946 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
 947 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
 948 initial installation of the main server from CD or USB stick all other
 949 machines can be installed via the network.  The provided school server
 950 provides LDAP database and Kerberos authentication service,
 951 centralized home directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other
 952 services.  The desktop contains more than 60 educational software
 953 packages[3] and more are available from the Debian archive, and
 954 schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE, Xfce and MATE desktop
 955 environment.
 956
 957  [2] &lt;URL: <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">http://www.skolelinux.org/</a> &gt;
 958  [3] &lt;URL: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html</a> &gt;
 959
 960 Full release notes and manual
 961 =============================
 962
 963 Below the download URLs there is a list of some of the new features
 964 and bugfixes of Debian Edu 8.0+edu0~alpha0 Codename Jessie. The full
 965 list is part of the manual. (See the feature list in the manual[4] for
 966 the English version.) For some languages manual translations are
 967 available, see the manual translation overview[5].
 968
 969  [4] &lt;URL: <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie/Features">https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie/Features</a> &gt;
 970  [5] &lt;URL: <a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/">http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/</a> &gt;
 971
 972 Where to get it
 973 ---------------
 974
 975 To download the multiarch netinstall CD release (624 MiB) you can use
 976
 977  * <a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso</a>
 978  * <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso</a>
 979  * rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso .
 980
 981 The SHA1SUM of this image is: 361188818e036ce67280a572f757de82ebfeb095
 982
 983 New features for Debian Edu 8.0+edu0~alpha0 Codename Jessie released 2014-10-27
 984 ===============================================================================
 985
 986
 987 Installation changes
 988 --------------------
 989
 990  * PXE installation now installs firmware automatically for the hardware present.
 991
 992 Software updates
 993 ----------------
 994
 995 Everything which is new in Debian Jessie 8.0, eg:
 996
 997  * Linux kernel 3.16.x
 998  * Desktop environments KDE "Plasma" 4.11.12, GNOME 3.14, Xfce 4.10,
 999    LXDE 0.5.6 and MATE 1.8 (KDE "Plasma" is installed by default; to
1000    choose one of the others see manual.)
1001  * the browsers Iceweasel 31 ESR and Chromium 38
1002  * !LibreOffice 4.3.3
1003  * GOsa 2.7.4
1004  * LTSP 5.5.4
1005  * CUPS print system 1.7.5
1006  * new boot framework: systemd
1007  * Educational toolbox GCompris 14.07
1008  * Music creator Rosegarden 14.02
1009  * Image editor Gimp 2.8.14
1010  * Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.13.0
1011  * golearn 0.9
1012  * tuxpaint 0.9.22
1013  * New version of debian-installer from Debian Jessie.
1014  * Debian Jessie includes about 42000 packages available for
1015    installation.
1016  * More information about Debian Jessie 8.0 is provided in the release
1017    notes[6] and the installation manual[7].
1018
1019  [6] &lt;URL: <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/releasenotes">http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/releasenotes</a> &gt;
1020  [7] &lt;URL: <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/installmanual">http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/installmanual</a> &gt;
1021
1022 Fixed bugs
1023 ----------
1024
1025  * Inserting incorrect DNS information in Gosa will no longer break
1026    DNS completely, but instead stop DNS updates until the incorrect
1027    information is corrected (Debian bug #710362)
1028  * and many others.
1029
1030 Documentation and translation updates
1031 -------------------------------------
1032
1033  * The Debian Edu Jessie Manual is fully translated to German, French,
1034    Italian, Danish and Dutch. Partly translated versions exist for
1035    Norwegian Bokmal and Spanish.
1036
1037 Other changes
1038 -------------
1039
1040  * Due to new Squid settings, powering off or rebooting the main
1041    server takes more time.
1042  * To manage printers localhost:631 has to be used, currently www:631
1043    doesn't work.
1044
1045 Regressions / known problems
1046 ----------------------------
1047
1048  * Installing LTSP chroot fails with a bug related to eatmydata about
1049    exim4-config failing to run its postinst (see Debian bug #765694
1050    and Debian bug #762103).
1051  * Munin collection is not properly configured on clients (Debian bug
1052    #764594).  The fix is available in a newer version of munin-node.
1053  * PXE setup for Main Server and Thin Client Server setup does not
1054    work when installing on a machine without direct Internet access.
1055    Will be fixed when Debian bug #766960 is fixed in Jessie.
1056
1057 See the status page[8] for the complete list.
1058
1059  [8] &lt;URL: <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie">https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie</a> &gt;
1060
1061 How to report bugs
1062 ------------------
1063
1064 &lt;URL: <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a> &gt;
1065
1066 About Debian
1067 ============
1068
1069 The Debian Project was founded in 1993 by Ian Murdock to be a truly
1070 free community project. Since then the project has grown to be one of
1071 the largest and most influential open source projects. Thousands of
1072 volunteers from all over the world work together to create and
1073 maintain Debian software. Available in 70 languages, and supporting a
1074 huge range of computer types, Debian calls itself the universal
1075 operating system.
1076
1077 Contact Information
1078 For further information, please visit the Debian web pages[9] or send
1079 mail to press@debian.org.
1080
1081  [9] &lt;URL: <a href="http://www.debian.org/">http://www.debian.org/</a> &gt;
1082 </pre>
1083
1084       </div>
1085       <div class="tags">
1086
1087
1088         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1089
1090
1091       </div>
1092     </div>
1093     <div class="padding"></div>
1094
1095     <div class="entry">
1096       <div class="title">
1097         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_test_Debian_Edu_Jessie_despite_some_fatal_problems_with_the_installer.html">How to test Debian Edu Jessie despite some fatal problems with the installer</a>
1098       </div>
1099       <div class="date">
1100         26th September 2014
1101       </div>
1102       <div class="body">
1103         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
1104 project</a> provide a Linux solution for schools, including a
1105 powerful desktop with education software, a central server providing
1106 web pages, user database, user home directories, central login and PXE
1107 boot of both  clients without disk and the installation to install Debian
1108 Edu on machines with disk (and a few other services perhaps to small
1109 to mention here).  We in the Debian Edu team are currently working on
1110 the Jessie based version, trying to get everything in shape before the
1111 freeze, to avoid having to maintain our own package repository in the
1112 future.  The
1113 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie">current
1114 status</a> can be seen on the Debian wiki, and there is still heaps of
1115 work left.  Some fatal problems block testing, breaking the installer,
1116 but it is possible to work around these to get anyway.  Here is a
1117 recipe on how to get the installation limping along.</p>
1118
1119 <p>First, download the test ISO via
1120 <a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.no/cd-edu-testing-nolocal-netinst/debian-edu-amd64-i386-NETINST-1.iso">ftp</a>,
1121 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.no/cd-edu-testing-nolocal-netinst/debian-edu-amd64-i386-NETINST-1.iso">http</a>
1122 or rsync (use
1123 ftp.skolelinux.org::cd-edu-testing-nolocal-netinst/debian-edu-amd64-i386-NETINST-1.iso).
1124 The ISO build was broken on Tuesday, so we do not get a new ISO every
1125 12 hours or so, but thankfully the ISO we already got we are able to
1126 install with some tweaking.</p>
1127
1128 <p>When you get to the Debian Edu profile question, go to tty2
1129 (use Alt-Ctrl-F2), run</p>
1130
1131 <p><blockquote><pre>
1132 nano /usr/bin/edu-eatmydata-install
1133 </pre></blockquote></p>
1134
1135 <p>and add 'exit 0' as the second line, disabling the eatmydata
1136 optimization.  Return to the installation, select the profile you want
1137 and continue.  Without this change, exim4-config will fail to install
1138 due to a known bug in eatmydata.</p>
1139
1140 <p>When you get the grub question at the end, answer /dev/sda (or if
1141 this do not work, figure out what your correct value would be.  All my
1142 test machines need /dev/sda, so I have no advice if it do not fit
1143 your need.</p>
1144
1145 <p>If you installed a profile including a graphical desktop, log in as
1146 root after the initial boot from hard drive, and install the
1147 education-desktop-XXX metapackage.  XXX can be kde, gnome, lxde, xfce
1148 or mate.  If you want several desktop options, install more than one
1149 metapackage.  Once this is done, reboot and you should have a working
1150 graphical login screen.  This workaround should no longer be needed
1151 once the education-tasks package version 1.801 enter testing in two
1152 days.</p>
1153
1154 <p>I believe the ISO build will start working on two days when the new
1155 tasksel package enter testing and Steve McIntyre get a chance to
1156 update the debian-cd git repository.  The eatmydata, grub and desktop
1157 issues are already fixed in unstable and testing, and should show up
1158 on the ISO as soon as the ISO build start working again.  Well the
1159 eatmydata optimization is really just disabled.  The proper fix
1160 require an upload by the eatmydata maintainer applying the patch
1161 provided in bug <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/702711">#702711</a>.
1162 The rest have proper fixes in unstable.</p>
1163
1164 <p>I hope this get you going with the installation testing, as we are
1165 quickly running out of time trying to get our Jessie based
1166 installation ready before the distribution freeze in a month.</p>
1167
1168       </div>
1169       <div class="tags">
1170
1171
1172         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1173
1174
1175       </div>
1176     </div>
1177     <div class="padding"></div>
1178
1179     <div class="entry">
1180       <div class="title">
1181         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Speeding_up_the_Debian_installer_using_eatmydata_and_dpkg_divert.html">Speeding up the Debian installer using eatmydata and dpkg-divert</a>
1182       </div>
1183       <div class="date">
1184         16th September 2014
1185       </div>
1186       <div class="body">
1187         <p>The <a href="https://www.debian.org/">Debian</a> installer could be
1188 a lot quicker.  When we install more than 2000 packages in
1189 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a> using
1190 tasksel in the installer, unpacking the binary packages take forever.
1191 A part of the slow I/O issue was discussed in
1192 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/613428">bug #613428</a> about too
1193 much file system sync-ing done by dpkg, which is the package
1194 responsible for unpacking the binary packages.  Other parts (like code
1195 executed by postinst scripts) might also sync to disk during
1196 installation.  All this sync-ing to disk do not really make sense to
1197 me.  If the machine crash half-way through, I start over, I do not try
1198 to salvage the half installed system.  So the failure sync-ing is
1199 supposed to protect against, hardware or system crash, is not really
1200 relevant while the installer is running.</p>
1201
1202 <p>A few days ago, I thought of a way to get rid of all the file
1203 system sync()-ing in a fairly non-intrusive way, without the need to
1204 change the code in several packages.  The idea is not new, but I have
1205 not heard anyone propose the approach using dpkg-divert before.  It
1206 depend on the small and clever package
1207 <a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/eatmydata">eatmydata</a>, which
1208 uses LD_PRELOAD to replace the system functions for syncing data to
1209 disk with functions doing nothing, thus allowing programs to live
1210 dangerous while speeding up disk I/O significantly.  Instead of
1211 modifying the implementation of dpkg, apt and tasksel (which are the
1212 packages responsible for selecting, fetching and installing packages),
1213 it occurred to me that we could just divert the programs away, replace
1214 them with a simple shell wrapper calling
1215 "eatmydata&nbsp;$program&nbsp;$@", to get the same effect.
1216 Two days ago I decided to test the idea, and wrapped up a simple
1217 implementation for the Debian Edu udeb.</p>
1218
1219 <p>The effect was stunning.  In my first test it reduced the running
1220 time of the pkgsel step (installing tasks) from 64 to less than 44
1221 minutes (20 minutes shaved off the installation) on an old Dell
1222 Latitude D505 machine.  I am not quite sure what the optimised time
1223 would have been, as I messed up the testing a bit, causing the debconf
1224 priority to get low enough for two questions to pop up during
1225 installation.  As soon as I saw the questions I moved the installation
1226 along, but do not know how long the question were holding up the
1227 installation.  I did some more measurements using Debian Edu Jessie,
1228 and got these results.  The time measured is the time stamp in
1229 /var/log/syslog between the "pkgsel: starting tasksel" and the
1230 "pkgsel: finishing up" lines, if you want to do the same measurement
1231 yourself.  In Debian Edu, the tasksel dialog do not show up, and the
1232 timing thus do not depend on how quickly the user handle the tasksel
1233 dialog.</p>
1234
1235 <p><table>
1236
1237 <tr>
1238 <th>Machine/setup</th>
1239 <th>Original tasksel</th>
1240 <th>Optimised tasksel</th>
1241 <th>Reduction</th>
1242 </tr>
1243
1244 <tr>
1245 <td>Latitude D505 Main+LTSP LXDE</td>
1246 <td>64 min (07:46-08:50)</td>
1247 <td><44 min (11:27-12:11)</td>
1248 <td>>20 min 18%</td>
1249 </tr>
1250
1251 <tr>
1252 <td>Latitude D505 Roaming LXDE</td>
1253 <td>57 min (08:48-09:45)</td>
1254 <td>34 min (07:43-08:17)</td>
1255 <td>23 min 40%</td>
1256 </tr>
1257
1258 <tr>
1259 <td>Latitude D505 Minimal</td>
1260 <td>22 min (10:37-10:59)</td>
1261 <td>11 min (11:16-11:27)</td>
1262 <td>11 min 50%</td>
1263 </tr>
1264
1265 <tr>
1266 <td>Thinkpad X200 Minimal</td>
1267 <td>6 min (08:19-08:25)</td>
1268 <td>4 min (08:04-08:08)</td>
1269 <td>2 min 33%</td>
1270 </tr>
1271
1272 <tr>
1273 <td>Thinkpad X200 Roaming KDE</td>
1274 <td>19 min (09:21-09:40)</td>
1275 <td>15 min (10:25-10:40)</td>
1276 <td>4 min 21%</td>
1277 </tr>
1278
1279 </table></p>
1280
1281 <p>The test is done using a netinst ISO on a USB stick, so some of the
1282 time is spent downloading packages.  The connection to the Internet
1283 was 100Mbit/s during testing, so downloading should not be a
1284 significant factor in the measurement.  Download typically took a few
1285 seconds to a few minutes, depending on the amount of packages being
1286 installed.</p>
1287
1288 <p>The speedup is implemented by using two hooks in
1289 <a href="https://www.debian.org/devel/debian-installer/">Debian
1290 Installer</a>, the pre-pkgsel.d hook to set up the diverts, and the
1291 finish-install.d hook to remove the divert at the end of the
1292 installation.  I picked the pre-pkgsel.d hook instead of the
1293 post-base-installer.d hook because I test using an ISO without the
1294 eatmydata package included, and the post-base-installer.d hook in
1295 Debian Edu can only operate on packages included in the ISO.  The
1296 negative effect of this is that I am unable to activate this
1297 optimization for the kernel installation step in d-i.  If the code is
1298 moved to the post-base-installer.d hook, the speedup would be larger
1299 for the entire installation.</p>
1300
1301 <p>I've implemented this in the
1302 <a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/debian-edu-install">debian-edu-install</a>
1303 git repository, and plan to provide the optimization as part of the
1304 Debian Edu installation.  If you want to test this yourself, you can
1305 create two files in the installer (or in an udeb).  One shell script
1306 need do go into /usr/lib/pre-pkgsel.d/, with content like this:</p>
1307
1308 <p><blockquote><pre>
1309 #!/bin/sh
1310 set -e
1311 . /usr/share/debconf/confmodule
1312 info() {
1313     logger -t my-pkgsel "info: $*"
1314 }
1315 error() {
1316     logger -t my-pkgsel "error: $*"
1317 }
1318 override_install() {
1319     apt-install eatmydata || true
1320     if [ -x /target/usr/bin/eatmydata ] ; then
1321         for bin in dpkg apt-get aptitude tasksel ; do
1322             file=/usr/bin/$bin
1323             # Test that the file exist and have not been diverted already.
1324             if [ -f /target$file ] ; then
1325                 info "diverting $file using eatmydata"
1326                 printf "#!/bin/sh\neatmydata $bin.distrib \"\$@\"\n" \
1327                     > /target$file.edu
1328                 chmod 755 /target$file.edu
1329                 in-target dpkg-divert --package debian-edu-config \
1330                     --rename --quiet --add $file
1331                 ln -sf ./$bin.edu /target$file
1332             else
1333                 error "unable to divert $file, as it is missing."
1334             fi
1335         done
1336     else
1337         error "unable to find /usr/bin/eatmydata after installing the eatmydata pacage"
1338     fi
1339 }
1340
1341 override_install
1342 </pre></blockquote></p>
1343
1344 <p>To clean up, another shell script should go into
1345 /usr/lib/finish-install.d/ with code like this:
1346
1347 <p><blockquote><pre>
1348 #! /bin/sh -e
1349 . /usr/share/debconf/confmodule
1350 error() {
1351     logger -t my-finish-install "error: $@"
1352 }
1353 remove_install_override() {
1354     for bin in dpkg apt-get aptitude tasksel ; do
1355         file=/usr/bin/$bin
1356         if [ -x /target$file.edu ] ; then
1357             rm /target$file
1358             in-target dpkg-divert --package debian-edu-config \
1359                 --rename --quiet --remove $file
1360             rm /target$file.edu
1361         else
1362             error "Missing divert for $file."
1363         fi
1364     done
1365     sync # Flush file buffers before continuing
1366 }
1367
1368 remove_install_override
1369 </pre></blockquote></p>
1370
1371 <p>In Debian Edu, I placed both code fragments in a separate script
1372 edu-eatmydata-install and call it from the pre-pkgsel.d and
1373 finish-install.d scripts.</p>
1374
1375 <p>By now you might ask if this change should get into the normal
1376 Debian installer too?  I suspect it should, but am not sure the
1377 current debian-installer coordinators find it useful enough.  It also
1378 depend on the side effects of the change.  I'm not aware of any, but I
1379 guess we will see if the change is safe after some more testing.
1380 Perhaps there is some package in Debian depending on sync() and
1381 fsync() having effect?  Perhaps it should go into its own udeb, to
1382 allow those of us wanting to enable it to do so without affecting
1383 everyone.</p>
1384
1385 <p>Update 2014-09-24: Since a few days ago, enabling this optimization
1386 will break installation of all programs using gnutls because of
1387 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/702711">bug #702711</a>.  An updated
1388 eatmydata package in Debian will solve it.</p>
1389
1390 <p>Update 2014-10-17: The bug mentioned above is fixed in testing and
1391 the optimization work again.  And I have discovered that the
1392 dpkg-divert trick is not really needed and implemented a slightly
1393 simpler approach as part of the debian-edu-install package.  See
1394 tools/edu-eatmydata-install in the source package.</p>
1395
1396 <p>Update 2014-11-11: Unfortunately, a new
1397 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/765738">bug #765738</a> in eatmydata only
1398 triggering on i386 made it into testing, and broke this installation
1399 optimization again.  If <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/768893">unblock
1400 request 768893</a> is accepted, it should be working again.</p>
1401
1402       </div>
1403       <div class="tags">
1404
1405
1406         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1407
1408
1409       </div>
1410     </div>
1411     <div class="padding"></div>
1412
1413     <div class="entry">
1414       <div class="title">
1415         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Bernd_Zeitzen.html">Debian Edu interview: Bernd Zeitzen</a>
1416       </div>
1417       <div class="date">
1418         31st July 2014
1419       </div>
1420       <div class="body">
1421         <p>The complete and free “out of the box” software solution for
1422 schools, <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
1423 Skolelinux</a>, is used quite a lot in Germany, and one of the people
1424 involved is Bernd Zeitzen, who show up on the project mailing lists
1425 from time to time with interesting questions and tips on how to adjust
1426 the setup.  I managed to interview him this summer.</p>
1427
1428 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
1429
1430 <p>My name is Bernd Zeitzen and I'm married with Hedda, a self
1431 employed physiotherapist.  My former profession is tool maker, but I
1432 haven't worked for 30 years in this job.  30 years ago I started to
1433 support my wife and become her officeworker and a few years later the
1434 administrator for a small computer network, today based on Ubuntu
1435 Server (Samba, OpenVPN). For her daily work she has to use Windows
1436 Desktops because the software she needs to organize her business only
1437 works with Windows . :-(</p>
1438
1439 <p>In 1988 we started with one PC and DOS, then I learned to use
1440 Windows 98, 2000, XP, …, 8, Ubuntu, MacOSX.  Today we are running a
1441 Linux server with 6 Windows clients and 10 persons (teacher of
1442 children with special needs, speech therapist, occupational therapist,
1443 psychologist and officeworkers) using our Samba shares via OpenVPN to
1444 work with the documentations of our patients.</p>
1445
1446 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
1447 project?</strong></p>
1448
1449 <p>Two years ago a friend of mine asked me, if I want to get a job in
1450 his school (<a href="http://www.gymnasium-harsewinkel.de/">Gymnasium
1451 Harsewinkel</a>).  They started with Skolelinux / Debian Edu and they
1452 were looking for people to give support to the teachers using the
1453 software and the network and teaching the pupils increasing their
1454 computer skills in optional lessons.  I'm spending 4-6 hours a week
1455 with this job.</p>
1456
1457 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1458 Edu?</strong></p>
1459
1460 <p>The independence.</p>
1461
1462 <p>First: Every person is allowed to use, share and develop the
1463 software. Even if you are poor, you are allowed to use the software
1464 included in Skolelinux/Debian Edu and all the other Free Software.</p>
1465
1466 <p>Second: The software runs on old machines and this gives us the
1467 possibility to recycle computers, weeded out from offices.  The
1468 servers and desktops are running for more than two years and they are
1469 working reliable. </p>
1470
1471 <p>We have two servers (one tjener and one terminal server), 45
1472 workstations in three classrooms and seven laptops as a mobile
1473 solution for all classrooms.  These machines are all booting from the
1474 terminal server.  In the moment we are installing 30 laptops as mobile
1475 workstations.  Then the pupils have the possibility to work with these
1476 machines in their classrooms.  Internet access is realized by a WLAN
1477 router, connected to the schools network. This is all done without a
1478 dedicated system administrator or a computer science teacher.</p>
1479
1480 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1481 Edu?</strong></p>
1482
1483 <p>Teachers and pupils are Windows users.  &lt;Irony on&gt; And Linux
1484 isn't cool. It's software for freaks using the command line. &lt;Irony
1485 off&gt; They don't realize the stability of the system. </p>
1486
1487 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
1488
1489 <p>Firefox, Thunderbird, LibreOffice, Ubuntu Server 12.04 (Samba,
1490 Apache, MySQL, Joomla!, … and Skolelinux / Debian Edu)</p>
1491
1492 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
1493 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
1494
1495 <p>In Germany we have the situation: every school is free to decide
1496 which software they want to use. This decision is influenced by
1497 teachers who learned to use Windows and MS Office. They buy a PC with
1498 Windows preinstalled and an additional testing version of MS
1499 Office. They don't know about the possibility to use Free Software
1500 instead.  Another problem are the publisher of school books.  They
1501 develop their software, added to the school books, for Windows.</p>
1502
1503       </div>
1504       <div class="tags">
1505
1506
1507         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
1508
1509
1510       </div>
1511     </div>
1512     <div class="padding"></div>
1513
1514     <div class="entry">
1515       <div class="title">
1516         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/From_English_wiki_to_translated_PDF_and_epub_via_Docbook.html">From English wiki to translated PDF and epub via Docbook</a>
1517       </div>
1518       <div class="date">
1519         17th June 2014
1520       </div>
1521       <div class="body">
1522         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
1523 project</a> provide an instruction manual for teachers, system
1524 administrators and other users that contain useful tips for setting up
1525 and maintaining a Debian Edu installation.  This text is about how the
1526 text processing of this manual is handled in the project.</p>
1527
1528 <p>One goal of the project is to provide information in the native
1529 language of its users, and for this we need to handle translations.
1530 But we also want to make sure each language contain the same
1531 information, so for this we need a good way to keep the translations
1532 in sync.  And we want it to be easy for our users to improve the
1533 documentation, avoiding the need to learn special formats or tools to
1534 contribute, and the obvious way to do this is to make it possible to
1535 edit the documentation using a web browser.  We also want it to be
1536 easy for translators to keep the translation up to date, and give them
1537 help in figuring out what need to be translated. Here is the list of
1538 tools and the process we have found trying to reach all these
1539 goals.</p>
1540
1541 <p>We maintain the authoritative source of our manual in the
1542 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/">Debian
1543 wiki</a>, as several wiki pages written in English.  It consist of one
1544 front page with references to the different chapters, several pages
1545 for each chapter, and finally one "collection page" gluing all the
1546 chapters together into one large web page (aka
1547 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/AllInOne">the
1548 AllInOne page</a>).  The AllInOne page is the one used for further
1549 processing and translations.  Thanks to the fact that the
1550 <a href="http://moinmo.in/">MoinMoin</a> installation on
1551 wiki.debian.org support exporting pages in
1552 <a href="http://www.docbook.org/">the Docbook format</a>, we can fetch
1553 the list of pages to export using the raw version of the AllInOne
1554 page, loop over each of them to generate a Docbook XML version of the
1555 manual.  This process also download images and transform image
1556 references to use the locally downloaded images.  The generated
1557 Docbook XML files are slightly broken, so some post-processing is done
1558 using the <tt>documentation/scripts/get_manual</tt> program, and the
1559 result is a nice Docbook XML file (debian-edu-wheezy-manual.xml) and
1560 a handfull of images.  The XML file can now be used to generate PDF, HTML
1561 and epub versions of the English manual.  This is the basic step of
1562 our process, making PDF (using dblatex), HTML (using xsltproc) and
1563 epub (using dbtoepub) version from Docbook XML, and the resulting files
1564 are placed in the debian-edu-doc-en binary package.</p>
1565
1566 <p>But English documentation is not enough for us.  We want translated
1567 documentation too, and we want to make it easy for translators to
1568 track the English original.  For this we use the
1569 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/p/poxml.html">poxml</a> package,
1570 which allow us to transform the English Docbook XML file into a
1571 translation file (a .pot file), usable with the normal gettext based
1572 translation tools used by those translating free software.  The pot
1573 file is used to create and maintain translation files (several .po
1574 files), which the translations update with the native language
1575 translations of all titles, paragraphs and blocks of text in the
1576 original.  The next step is combining the original English Docbook XML
1577 and the translation file (say debian-edu-wheezy-manual.nb.po), to
1578 create a translated Docbook XML file (in this case
1579 debian-edu-wheezy-manual.nb.xml).  This translated (or partly
1580 translated, if the translation is not complete) Docbook XML file can
1581 then be used like the original to create a PDF, HTML and epub version
1582 of the documentation.</p>
1583
1584 <p>The translators use different tools to edit the .po files.  We
1585 recommend using
1586 <a href="http://www.kde.org/applications/development/lokalize/">lokalize</a>,
1587 while some use emacs and vi, others can use web based editors like
1588 <a href="http://pootle.translatehouse.org/">Poodle</a> or
1589 <a href="https://www.transifex.com/">Transifex</a>.  All we care about
1590 is where the .po file end up, in our git repository.  Updated
1591 translations can either be committed directly to git, or submitted as
1592 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/src:debian-edu-doc">bug reports
1593 against the debian-edu-doc package</a>.</p>
1594
1595 <p>One challenge is images, which both might need to be translated (if
1596 they show translated user applications), and are needed in different
1597 formats when creating PDF and HTML versions (epub is a HTML version in
1598 this regard).  For this we transform the original PNG images to the
1599 needed density and format during build, and have a way to provide
1600 translated images by storing translated versions in
1601 images/$LANGUAGECODE/.  I am a bit unsure about the details here.  The
1602 package maintainers know more.</p>
1603
1604 <p>If you wonder what the result look like, we provide
1605 <a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/">the content
1606 of the documentation packages on the web</a>.  See for example the
1607 <a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/it/debian-edu-wheezy-manual.pdf">Italian
1608 PDF version</a> or the
1609 <a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/de/debian-edu-wheezy-manual.html">German
1610 HTML version</a>.  We do not yet build the epub version by default,
1611 but perhaps it will be done in the future.</p>
1612
1613 <p>To learn more, check out
1614 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/d/debian-edu-doc.html">the
1615 debian-edu-doc package</a>,
1616 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/">the
1617 manual on the wiki</a> and
1618 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/Translations">the
1619 translation instructions</a> in the manual.</p>
1620
1621       </div>
1622       <div class="tags">
1623
1624
1625         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1626
1627
1628       </div>
1629     </div>
1630     <div class="padding"></div>
1631
1632     <div class="entry">
1633       <div class="title">
1634         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Roger_Marsal.html">Debian Edu interview: Roger Marsal</a>
1635       </div>
1636       <div class="date">
1637         30th March 2014
1638       </div>
1639       <div class="body">
1640         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
1641 keep gaining new users.  Some weeks ago, a person showed up on IRC,
1642 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/#debian-edu">#debian-edu</a>, with a
1643 wish to contribute, and I managed to get a interview with this great
1644 contributor Roger Marsal to learn more about his background.</p>
1645
1646 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
1647
1648 <p>My name is Roger Marsal, I'm 27 years old (1986 generation) and I
1649 live in Barcelona, Spain. I've got a strong business background and I
1650 work as a patrimony manager and as a real estate agent.  Additionally,
1651 I've co-founded a British based tech company that is nowadays on the
1652 last development phase of a new social networking concept.</p>
1653
1654 <p>I'm a Linux enthusiast that started its journey with Ubuntu four years
1655 ago and have recently switched to Debian seeking rock solid stability
1656 and as a necessary step to gain expertise.</p>
1657
1658 <p>In a nutshell, I spend my days working and learning as much as I
1659 can to face both my job, entrepreneur project and feed my Linux
1660 hunger.</p>
1661
1662 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
1663 project?</strong></p>
1664
1665 <p>I discovered the <a href="http://www.ltsp.org/">LTSP</a> advantages
1666 with "Ubuntu 12.04 alternate install" and after a year of use I
1667 started looking for an alternative.  Even though I highly value and
1668 respect the Ubuntu project, I thought it was necessary for me to
1669 change to a more robust and stable alternative.  As far as I was using
1670 Debian on my personal laptop I thought it would be fine to install
1671 Debian and configure an LTSP server myself.  Surprised, I discovered
1672 that the Debian project also supported a kind of Edubuntu equivalent,
1673 and after having some pain I obtained a Debian Edu network up and
1674 running.  I just loved it.</p>
1675
1676 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1677 Edu?</strong></p>
1678
1679 <p>I found a main advantage in that, once you know "the tips and
1680 tricks", a new installation just works out of the box. It's the most
1681 complete alternative I've found to create an LTSP network. All the
1682 other distributions seems to be made of plastic, Debian Edu seems to
1683 be made of steel.</p>
1684
1685 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1686 Edu?</strong></p>
1687
1688 <p>I found two main disadvantages.</p>
1689
1690 <p>I'm not an expert but I've got notions and I had to spent a considerable
1691 amount of time trying to bring up a standard network topology. I'm quite
1692 stubborn and I just worked until I did but I'm sure many people with few
1693 resources (not big schools, but academies for example) would have switched
1694 or dropped.</p>
1695
1696 <p>It's amazing how such a complex system like Debian Edu has achieved
1697 this out-of-the-box state. Even though tweaking without breaking gets
1698 more difficult, as more factors have to be considered. This can
1699 discourage many people too.</p>
1700
1701 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
1702
1703 <p>I use Debian, Firefox, Okular, Inkscape, LibreOffice and
1704 Virtualbox.</p>
1705
1706
1707 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
1708 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
1709
1710 <p>I don't think there is a need for a particular strategy. The free
1711 attribute in both "freedom" and "no price" meanings is what will
1712 really bring free software to schools. In my experience I can think of
1713 the <a href="http://www.r-project.org/">"R" statistical language</a>; a
1714 few years a ago was an extremely nerd tool for university people.
1715 Today it's being increasingly used to teach statistics at many
1716 different level of studies.  I believe free and open software will
1717 increasingly gain popularity, but I'm sure schools will be one of the
1718 first scenarios where this will happen.</p>
1719
1720       </div>
1721       <div class="tags">
1722
1723
1724         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
1725
1726
1727       </div>
1728     </div>
1729     <div class="padding"></div>
1730
1731     <div class="entry">
1732       <div class="title">
1733         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_add_extra_storage_servers_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux.html">How to add extra storage servers in Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
1734       </div>
1735       <div class="date">
1736         12th March 2014
1737       </div>
1738       <div class="body">
1739         <p>On larger sites, it is useful to use a dedicated storage server for
1740 storing user home directories and data.  The design for handling this
1741 in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>, is
1742 to update the automount rules in LDAP and let the automount daemon on
1743 the clients take care of the rest.  I was reminded about the need to
1744 document this better when one of the customers of
1745 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a>, where I am
1746 on the board of directors, asked about how to do this.  The steps to
1747 get this working are the following:</p>
1748
1749 <p><ol>
1750
1751 <li>Add new storage server in DNS.  I use nas-server.intern as the
1752 example host here.</li>
1753
1754 <li>Add automoun LDAP information about this server in LDAP, to allow
1755 all clients to automatically mount it on reqeust.</li>
1756
1757 <li>Add the relevant entries in tjener.intern:/etc/fstab, because
1758 tjener.intern do not use automount to avoid mounting loops.</li>
1759
1760 </ol></p>
1761
1762 <p>DNS entries are added in GOsa², and not described here.  Follow the
1763 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/GettingStarted">instructions
1764 in the manual</a> (Machine Management with GOsa² in section Getting
1765 started).</p>
1766
1767 <p>Ensure that the NFS export points on the server are exported to the
1768 relevant subnets or machines:</p>
1769
1770 <p><blockquote><pre>
1771 root@tjener:~# showmount -e nas-server
1772 Export list for nas-server:
1773 /storage         10.0.0.0/8
1774 root@tjener:~#
1775 </pre></blockquote></p>
1776
1777 <p>Here everything on the backbone network is granted access to the
1778 /storage export.  With NFSv3 it is slightly better to limit it to
1779 netgroup membership or single IP addresses to have some limits on the
1780 NFS access.</p>
1781
1782 <p>The next step is to update LDAP.  This can not be done using GOsa²,
1783 because it lack a module for automount.  Instead, use ldapvi and add
1784 the required LDAP objects using an editor.</p>
1785
1786 <p><blockquote><pre>
1787 ldapvi --ldap-conf -ZD '(cn=admin)' -b ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
1788 </pre></blockquote></p>
1789
1790 <p>When the editor show up, add the following LDAP objects at the
1791 bottom of the document.  The "/&" part in the last LDAP object is a
1792 wild card matching everything the nas-server exports, removing the
1793 need to list individual mount points in LDAP.</p>
1794
1795 <p><blockquote><pre>
1796 add cn=nas-server,ou=auto.skole,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
1797 objectClass: automount
1798 cn: nas-server
1799 automountInformation: -fstype=autofs --timeout=60 ldap:ou=auto.nas-server,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
1800
1801 add ou=auto.nas-server,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
1802 objectClass: top
1803 objectClass: automountMap
1804 ou: auto.nas-server
1805
1806 add cn=/,ou=auto.nas-server,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
1807 objectClass: automount
1808 cn: /
1809 automountInformation: -fstype=nfs,tcp,rsize=32768,wsize=32768,rw,intr,hard,nodev,nosuid,noatime nas-server.intern:/&
1810 </pre></blockquote></p>
1811
1812 <p>The last step to remember is to mount the relevant mount points in
1813 tjener.intern by adding them to /etc/fstab, creating the mount
1814 directories using mkdir and running "mount -a" to mount them.</p>
1815
1816 <p>When this is done, your users should be able to access the files on
1817 the storage server directly by just visiting the
1818 /tjener/nas-server/storage/ directory using any application on any
1819 workstation, LTSP client or LTSP server.</p>
1820
1821       </div>
1822       <div class="tags">
1823
1824
1825         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>.
1826
1827
1828       </div>
1829     </div>
1830     <div class="padding"></div>
1831
1832     <div class="entry">
1833       <div class="title">
1834         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Dominik_George.html">Debian Edu interview: Dominik George</a>
1835       </div>
1836       <div class="date">
1837         25th December 2013
1838       </div>
1839       <div class="body">
1840         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
1841 project</a> consist of both newcomers and old timers, and this time I
1842 was able to get an interview with a newcomer in the project who showed
1843 up on the IRC channel a few weeks ago to let us know about his
1844 successful installation of Debian Edu Wheezy in his School.  Say hello
1845 to <a href="https://www.ohloh.net/accounts/Natureshadow">Dominik
1846 George</a>.</p>
1847
1848 <!-- http://www.dominik-george.de/images/foto.jpg -->
1849
1850 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
1851
1852 <p>I am a 23 year-old student from Germany who has spent half of his
1853 life with open source. In "real life", I am, as already mentioned, a
1854 student in the fields of Computer Science, Electrical Engineering,
1855 Information Technologies and Anglistics. Due to my (only partially
1856 voluntary) huge engagement in the open source world, these things are
1857 a bit vacant right now however.</p>
1858
1859 <p>I also have been working as a project teacher at a Gymasnium
1860 (public school) for various years now. I took up that work some time
1861 around 2005 when still attending that school myself and have continued
1862 it until today. I also had been running the (kind of very advanced)
1863 network of that school together with a team of very interested and
1864 talented students in the age of 11 to 15 years, who took the chance to
1865 learn a lot about open source and networking before I left the school
1866 to help building another school's informational education concept from
1867 scratch.</p>
1868
1869 <p>That said, one might see me as a kind of "glue" between school kids
1870 and the elderly of teachers as well as between the open source
1871 ecosystem and the (even more complex) educational ecosystem.</p>
1872
1873 <p>When I am not busy with open source or education, I like Geocaching
1874 and cycling.</p>
1875
1876 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
1877 project?</strong></p>
1878
1879 <p>I think that happened some time around 2009 when I first attended
1880 <a href="http://www.froscon.org">FrOSCon</a> and visited the project
1881 booth. I think I wasn't too interested back then because I used to
1882 have an attitude of disliking software that does too much stuff on its
1883 own. Maybe I was too inexperienced to realise the upsides of an
1884 "out-of-the-box" solution ;).</p>
1885
1886 <p>The first time I actively talked to Skolelinux people was at
1887 <a href="http://www.openrheinruhr.de">OpenRheinRuhr</a> 2011 when the
1888 BiscuIT project, a home-grewn software used by my school for various
1889 really cool things from timetables and class contact lists to lunch
1890 ordering, student ID card printing and project elections first got to
1891 a stage where it could have been published. I asked the Skolelinux
1892 guys running the booth if the project were interested in it and gave a
1893 small demonstration, but there wasn't any real feedback and the guys
1894 seemed rather uninterested.</p>
1895
1896 <p>After I left the school where I developed the software, it got
1897 mostly lost, but I am now reimplementing it for my new school. I have
1898 reusability and compatibility in mind, and I hop there will be a new
1899 basis for contributing it to the Skolelinux project ;)!</p>
1900
1901 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1902 Edu?</strong></p>
1903
1904 <p>The most important advantage seems to be that it "just
1905 works". After overcoming some minor (but still very annoying) glitches
1906 in the installer, I got a fully functional, working school network,
1907 without the month-long hassle I experienced when setting all that up
1908 from scratch in earlier years. And above that, it rocked - I didn't
1909 have any real hardware at hand, because the school was just founded
1910 and has no money whatsoever, so I installed a combined server (main
1911 server, terminal services and workstation) in a VM on my personal
1912 notebook, bridging the LTSP network interface to the ethernet port,
1913 and then PXE-booted the Windows notebooks that were lying around from
1914 it. I could use 8 clients without any performance issues, by using a
1915 tiny little VM on a tiny little notebook. I think that's enough to say
1916 that it rocks!</p>
1917
1918 <p>Secondly, there are marketing reasons. Life's bad, and so no
1919 politician will ever permit a setup described as "Debian, an universal
1920 operating system, with some really cool educational tools" while they
1921 will be jsut fine with "Skolelinux, a single-purpose solution for your
1922 school network", even if both turn out to be the very same thing (yes,
1923 this is unfair towards the Skolelinux project, and must not be taken
1924 too seriously - you get the idea, anyway).</p>
1925
1926 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1927 Edu?</strong></p>
1928
1929 <p>I have not been involved with Skolelinux long enough to really
1930 answer this question in a fair way. Thus, please allow me to put it in
1931 other words: "What do you expect from Skolelinux to keep liking it?" I
1932 can list a few points about that:</p>
1933
1934 <ul>
1935
1936  <li>always strive to get all things integrated into Debian upstream
1937  <li>be open to discussion about changes and the like, even with newcomers
1938  <li>be helpful at being helpful ;)
1939
1940 </ul>
1941
1942 <p>I'm really sorry I cannot say much more about that :(!</p>
1943
1944 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
1945
1946 <p>First of all, all software I use is free and open. I have abandoned
1947 all non-free software (except for firmware on my darned phone) this
1948 year.</p>
1949
1950 <p>I run Debian GNU/Linux on all PC systems I use. On that, I mostly
1951 run text tools. I use
1952 <a href="https://www.mirbsd.org/mksh.htm">mksh</a> as shell,
1953 <a href="https://www.mirbsd.org/jupp.htm">jupp</a> as very advanced
1954 text editor (I even got the developer to help me write a script/macro
1955 based full-featured student management software with the two),
1956 <a href="http://mcabber.com/">mcabber</a> for XMPP and
1957 <a href="http://www.irssi.org/">irssi</a> for IRC. For that overly
1958 coloured world called the WWW, I use
1959 <a href="https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/new/">Iceweasel
1960 (Firefox)</a>. Oh, and <a href="http://www.mutt.org/">mutt</a> for
1961 e-mail.</p>
1962
1963 <p>However, while I am personally aware of the fact that text tools
1964 are more efficient and powerful than anything else, I also use (or at
1965 least operate) some tools that are suitable to bring open source to
1966 kids. One of these things is <a href="http://jappix.org/">Jappix</a>,
1967 which I already introduced to some kids even before they got aware of
1968 Facebook, making them see for themselves that they do not need
1969 Facebook now ;).</p>
1970
1971 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
1972 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
1973
1974 <p>Well, that's a two-sided thing. One side is what I believe, and one
1975 side is what I have experienced.</p>
1976
1977 <p>I believe that the right strategy is showing them the benefits. But
1978 that won't work out as long as the acceptance of free alternatives
1979 grows globally. What I mean is that if all the kids are almost forced
1980 to use Windows, Facebook, Skype, you name it at home, they will not
1981 see why they would want to use alternatives at school. I have seen
1982 students take seat in front of a fully-functional, modern Debian
1983 desktop that could do anything their Windows at home could do, and
1984 they jsut refused to use it because "Linux sucks". It is something
1985 that makes the council of our city spend around 600000 € to buy
1986 software - not including hardware, mind you - for operating school
1987 networks, and for installing a system that, as has been proved, does
1988 not work. For those of you readers who are good at maths, have you
1989 already found out how many lives could have been saved with that money
1990 if we had instead used it to bring education to parts of the world
1991 that need it? I have, and found it to be nothing less dramatic than
1992 plain criminal.</p>
1993
1994 <p>That said, the only feasible way appears to be the bottom up
1995 method. We have to bring free software to kids and parents. I have
1996 founded an association named
1997 <a href="https://www.teckids.org">Teckids</a> here in Germany that does
1998 just that. We organise several events for kids and adolescents in the
1999 area of free and open source software, for example the
2000 <a href="http://kids.froscon.org">FrogLabs</a>, which share staff with
2001 Teckids and are the youth programme of
2002 <a href="http://www.froscon.org">the Free and Open Source Software
2003 Conference (FrOSCon)</a>. We do a lot more than most other conferences
2004 - this year, we first offered the FrogLabs as a holiday camp for kids
2005 aged 10 to 16. It was a huge success, with approx. 30 kids taking part
2006 and learning with and about free software through a whole weekend. All
2007 of us had a lot of fun, and the results were really exciting.</p>
2008
2009 <p>Apart from that, we are preparing a campaign that is supposed to bring
2010 the message of free alternatives to stuff kids use every day to them and
2011 their parents, e.g. the use of Jabber / Jappix instead of Facebook and
2012 Skype. To make that possible, we are planning to get together a team of
2013 clever kids who understand very well what their peers need and can bring
2014 it across to them. So we will have a peer-driven network of adolescents
2015 who teach each other and collect feedback from the community of minors.
2016 We then take that feedback and our own experience to work closely with
2017 open source projects, such as Skolelinux or Jappix, at improving their
2018 software in a way that makes it more and more attractive for the target
2019 group. At least I hope that we will have good cooperation with
2020 Skolelinux in the future ;)!</p>
2021
2022 <p>So in conclusion, what I believe is that, if it weren't for the world
2023 being so bad, it should be very clear to the political decision makers
2024 that the only way to go nowadays is free software for various reasons,
2025 but I have learnt that the only way that seems to work is bottom up.</p>
2026
2027 <!--
2028
2029 >  * Who should be interviewed with this questions in the future?
2030
2031 That's probably the hardest question of them all, as I do not know the
2032 community. However, I would be willing to do the following:
2033
2034  <li>Run an interview with a German headteacher who is very open to
2035    free software, and also prefers it, but cannot really use it because
2036    of the decision makers above;
2037  <li>Run interviews with some kids, both with and without previous
2038    knowledge about free software
2039
2040 If that is wanted, just let me know ;).
2041
2042 -->
2043
2044       </div>
2045       <div class="tags">
2046
2047
2048         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
2049
2050
2051       </div>
2052     </div>
2053     <div class="padding"></div>
2054
2055     <div class="entry">
2056       <div class="title">
2057         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Klaus_Knopper.html">Debian Edu interview: Klaus Knopper</a>
2058       </div>
2059       <div class="date">
2060          6th December 2013
2061       </div>
2062       <div class="body">
2063         <p>It has been a while since I managed to publish the last interview,
2064 but the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
2065 Skolelinux</a> community is still going strong, and yesterday we even
2066 had a new school administrator show up on
2067 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/#debian-edu">#debian-edu</a> to share
2068 his success story with installing Debian Edu at their school.  This
2069 time I have been able to get some helpful comments from the creator of
2070 Knoppix, Klaus Knopper, who was involved in a Skolelinux project in
2071 Germany a few years ago.</p>
2072
2073 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
2074
2075 <p>I am Klaus Knopper.  I have a master degree in electrical
2076 engineering, and is currently professor in information management at
2077 the university of applied sciences Kaiserslautern / Germany and
2078 freelance Open Source software developer and consultant.</p>
2079
2080 <p>All of this is pretty much of the work I spend my days with. Apart
2081 from teaching, I'm also conducting some more or less experimental
2082 projects like the <a href="http://www.knoppix.org">Knoppix GNU/Linux live
2083 system</a> (Debian-based like Skolelinux),
2084 <a href="http://www.knopper.net/knoppix-adriane/index-en.html">ADRIANE</a>
2085 (a blind-friendly talking desktop system) and
2086 <a href="http://www.knopper.net/linbo/index-en.html">LINBO</a>
2087 (Linux-based network boot console, a fast remote install and repair
2088 system supporting various operating systems).</p>
2089
2090 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
2091 project?</strong></p>
2092
2093 <p>The credit for this have to go to Kurt Gramlich, who is the German
2094 coordinator for Skolelinux.  We were looking for an all-in-one open
2095 source community-supported distribution for schools, and Kurt
2096 introduced us to Skolelinux for this purpose.</p>
2097
2098 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2099 Edu?</strong></p>
2100
2101 <ul>
2102   <li>Quick installation,</li>
2103   <li>works (almost) out of the box,</li>
2104   <li>contains many useful software packages for teaching and learning,</li>
2105   <li>is a purely community-based distro and not controlled by a
2106     single company,</li>
2107   <li>has a large number of supporters and teachers who share their
2108     experience and problem solutions.</li>
2109 </ul>
2110
2111 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2112 Edu?</strong></p>
2113
2114 <ul>
2115   <li>Skolelinux is - as we had to learn - not easily upgradable to
2116   the next version.  Opposed to its genuine Debian base, upgrading to
2117   a new version means a full new installation from scratch to get it
2118   working again reliably.
2119
2120   <li>Skolelinux is based on Debian/stable, and therefore always a
2121   little outdated in terms of program versions compared to Edubuntu or
2122   similar educational Linux distros, which rather use Debian/testing
2123   as their base.
2124
2125   <li>Skolelinux has some very self-opinionated and stubborn default
2126   configuration which in my opinion adds unnecessary complexity and is
2127   not always suitable for a schools needs, the preset network
2128   configuration is actually a core definition feature of Skolelinux
2129   and not easy to change, so schools sometimes have to change their
2130   network configuration to make it "Skolelinux-compatible".
2131
2132   <li>Some proposed extensions, which were made available as
2133   contribution, like secure examination mode and lecture material
2134   distribution and collection, were not accepted into the mainline
2135   Skolelinux development and are now not easy to maintain in the
2136   future because of Skolelinux somewhat undeterministic update
2137   schemes.</li>
2138
2139   <li>Skolelinux has only a very tiny number of base developers
2140   compared to Debian.</li>
2141
2142 </ul>
2143
2144 <p>For these reasons and experience from our project, I would now
2145 rather consider using plain Debian for schools next time, until
2146 Skolelinux is more closely integrated into Debian and becomes
2147 upgradeable without reinstallation.</p>
2148
2149 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
2150
2151 <p>GNU/Linux with LXDE desktop, bash for interactive dialog and
2152 programming, texlive for documentation and correspondence,
2153 occasionally LibreOffice for document format conversion. Various
2154 programming languages for teaching.</p>
2155
2156 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
2157 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
2158
2159 <p>Strong arguments are</p>
2160
2161 <ul>
2162
2163   <li>Knowledge is free, and so should be methods and tools for
2164     teaching and learning.</li>
2165
2166   <li>Students can learn with and use the same software at school, at
2167     home, and at their working place without running into license or
2168     conversion problems.</li>
2169
2170   <li>Closed source or proprietary software hides knowledge rather
2171     than exposing it, and proprietary software vendors try to bind
2172     customers to certain products.  But teachers need to teach
2173     science, not products.</li>
2174
2175   <li>If you have everything you for daily work as open source, what
2176     would you need proprietary software for?</li>
2177
2178 </ul>
2179
2180       </div>
2181       <div class="tags">
2182
2183
2184         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
2185
2186
2187       </div>
2188     </div>
2189     <div class="padding"></div>
2190
2191     <div class="entry">
2192       <div class="title">
2193         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_7_1_install_and_overview_video_from_Marcelo_Salvador.html">Skolelinux / Debian Edu 7.1 install and overview video from Marcelo Salvador</a>
2194       </div>
2195       <div class="date">
2196          8th October 2013
2197       </div>
2198       <div class="body">
2199         <p>The other day I was pleased and surprised to discover that Marcelo
2200 Salvador had published a
2201 <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w-GgpdqgLFc">video on
2202 Youtube</a> showing how to install the standalone Debian Edu /
2203 Skolelinux profile.  This is the profile intended for use at home or
2204 on laptops that should not be integrated into the provided network
2205 services (no central home directory, no Kerberos / LDAP directory etc,
2206 in other word a single user machine).  The result is 11 minutes long,
2207 and show some user applications (seem to be rather randomly picked).
2208 Missed a few of my favorites like celestia, planets and chromium
2209 showing the <a href="http://www.zygotebody.com/">Zygote Body 3D model
2210 of the human body</a>, but I guess he did not know about those or find
2211 other programs more interesting. :) And the video do not show the
2212 advantages I believe is one of the most valuable featuers in Debian
2213 Edu, its central school server making it possible to run hundreds of
2214 computers without hard drives by installing one central
2215 <a href="http://www.ltsp.org/">LTSP server</a>.</p>
2216
2217 <p>Anyway, check out the video, embedded below and linked to above:</p>
2218
2219 <iframe width="420" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/w-GgpdqgLFc" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
2220
2221 <p>Are there other nice videos demonstrating Skolelinux?  Please let
2222 me know. :)</p>
2223
2224       </div>
2225       <div class="tags">
2226
2227
2228         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
2229
2230
2231       </div>
2232     </div>
2233     <div class="padding"></div>
2234
2235     <div class="entry">
2236       <div class="title">
2237         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Finally__Debian_Edu_Wheezy_is_released_today_.html">Finally, Debian Edu Wheezy is released today!</a>
2238       </div>
2239       <div class="date">
2240         29th September 2013
2241       </div>
2242       <div class="body">
2243         <p>A few hours ago, the announcement for the first stable release of
2244 Debian Edu Wheezy went out from the Debian publicity team.  The
2245 complete announcement text can be found at
2246 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2013/20130928">the Debian News
2247 section</a>, translated to several languages.  Please check it out.</p>
2248
2249 <p>There is one minor known problem that we will fix very soon.  One
2250 can not install a amd64 Thin Client Server using PXE, as the /var/
2251 partition is too small.  A workaround is to extend the partition (use
2252 lvresize + resize2fs in tty 2 while installing).</p>
2253
2254       </div>
2255       <div class="tags">
2256
2257
2258         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2259
2260
2261       </div>
2262     </div>
2263     <div class="padding"></div>
2264
2265     <div class="entry">
2266       <div class="title">
2267         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_and_probably_last_beta_release_of_Debian_Edu_Wheezy.html">Third and probably last beta release of Debian Edu Wheezy</a>
2268       </div>
2269       <div class="date">
2270         16th September 2013
2271       </div>
2272       <div class="body">
2273         <p>The third wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
2274 today.  This is the release announcement from Holger Levsen:</p>
2275
2276 <blockquote>
2277 <p>Hi,</p>
2278
2279 <p>it is my pleasure to announce the third beta release (beta 2 for
2280 short) of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
2281 Skolelinux</a> based on Debian Wheezy!</p>
2282
2283 <p>Please test these images extensivly, if no new problems are found
2284 we plan to do this final Debian Edu Wheezy release this coming
2285 weekend.  We are not aware of any major problems or blockers in beta2,
2286 if you find something, please notify us immediately!</p>
2287
2288 <p>(More about the remaining steps for the Edu Wheezy release in
2289 another mail to the edu list tonight or tomorrow...)</p>
2290
2291 <p>Noteworthy changes and software updates for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b2
2292 compared to beta1:</p>
2293
2294 <ul>
2295
2296 <li>The KDE proxy setup has been adjusted to use the provided wpad.dat. This
2297 also gets Chromium to use this proxy.</li>
2298 <li>Install kdepim-groupware with KDE desktops to make sure korganizer
2299 understand ical/dav sources.</li>
2300 <li>Increased default maximum size of /var/spool/squid and /skole/backup on the
2301 main server.</li>
2302 <li>A source DVD image containing all source packages is now available as well.</li>
2303 <li>Updates for chromium (29.0.1547.57-1~deb7u1), imagemagick
2304 (6.7.7.10-5+deb7u2), php5 (5.4.4-14+deb7u4), libmodplug
2305 (0.8.8.4-3+deb7u1+git20130828), tiff (4.0.2-6+deb7u2), linux-image
2306 (3.2.0-4-486_3.2.46-1+deb7u1).</li>
2307
2308 </ul>
2309
2310 <p>Where to get it:</p>
2311
2312 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
2313
2314 <ul>
2315 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso</a></li>
2316 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso</a></li>
2317 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso .</li>
2318 </ul>
2319
2320 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is:  3a1c89f4666df80eebcd46c5bf5fedb866f9472f</p>
2321
2322 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use
2323 <ul>
2324 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso</a></li>
2325 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso</a></li>
2326 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso .</li>
2327 </ul>
2328
2329 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 702d1718548f401c74bfa6df9f032cc3ee16597e</p>
2330
2331 <p>The Source DVD image has the filename
2332 debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-source-DVD.iso and the SHA1SUM
2333 089eed8b3f962db47aae1f6a9685e9bb2fa30ca5 and is available the same way
2334 as the other isos.</p>
2335
2336 <p>How to report bugs</p>
2337
2338 <p>For information how to report bugs please see
2339 <br><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
2340
2341
2342 <p>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</p>
2343
2344 <p>Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux, is a Linux distribution based
2345 on Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
2346 configured school network. Immediately after installation a school
2347 server running all services needed for a school network is set up just
2348 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
2349 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
2350 initial installation of the main server from CD or USB stick all other
2351 machines can be installed via the network. The provided school server
2352 provides LDAP database and Kerberos authentication service,
2353 centralized home directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other
2354 services.  The desktop contains more than 60 educational software
2355 packages and more are available from the Debian archive, and schools
2356 can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
2357
2358 <p>This is the seventh test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
2359 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
2360 Squeeze release.</p>
2361
2362 <p>Notes for upgrades from Alpha Prereleases</p>
2363
2364 <p>Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
2365 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
2366 release. Both alpha and beta0 based installations should reinstall or
2367 deal with gosa.conf manually; there are two options: (1) Keep
2368 gosa.conf and edit this file as outlined on the mailing list. (2)
2369 Accept the new version of gosa.conf and replace both contained admin
2370 password placeholders with the password hashes found in the old one
2371 (backup copy!). In both cases all users need to change their password
2372 to make sure a password is set for CIFS access to their home
2373 directory.</p>
2374
2375
2376 <p>cheers,
2377 <br>        Holger</p>
2378 </blockquote>
2379
2380       </div>
2381       <div class="tags">
2382
2383
2384         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2385
2386
2387       </div>
2388     </div>
2389     <div class="padding"></div>
2390
2391     <div class="entry">
2392       <div class="title">
2393         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_beta_release__beta_1__of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Second beta release (beta 1) of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
2394       </div>
2395       <div class="date">
2396         22nd August 2013
2397       </div>
2398       <div class="body">
2399         <p>The second wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
2400 today, slightly delayed because of some bugs in the initial Windows
2401 integration fixes .  This is the release announcement:</p>
2402
2403 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b1 released 2013-08-22</strong></p>
2404
2405 <p>These are the release notes for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
2406 7.1+edu0~b1, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
2407
2408 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
2409
2410 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
2411 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
2412 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
2413 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
2414 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
2415 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
2416 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
2417 the main server from CD or USB stick all other machines can be
2418 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
2419 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
2420 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
2421 desktop contains
2422 <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
2423 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
2424 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
2425 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
2426
2427 <p>This is the sixth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically this
2428 is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the Squeeze
2429 release.</p>
2430
2431 <p>ALERT: Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
2432 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
2433 release. Both alpha and beta0 based installations should reinstall or
2434 deal with gosa.conf manually; there are two options: (1) Keep
2435 gosa.conf and edit this file as outlined
2436 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/2013/08/msg00127.html">on
2437 the mailing list</a>. (2) Accept the new version of gosa.conf and
2438 replace both contained admin password placeholders with the password
2439 hashes found in the old one (backup copy!). In both cases every user
2440 need to change their their password to make sure a password is set for
2441 CIFS access to their home directory.</p>
2442
2443 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
2444
2445 <ul>
2446
2447 <li>Added ssh askpass packages to default installation, to ensure ssh
2448     work also without a attached tty.</li>
2449 <li>Add the command-not-found package to the default installation to
2450     make it easier to figure out where to find missing command line
2451     tools. Please note, that the command 'update-command-not-found'
2452     has to be run as root to actually make it useful (internet access
2453     required).</li>
2454
2455 </ul>
2456
2457 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
2458
2459 <ul>
2460
2461 <li>Adjusted the USB stick ISO image build to include every tool
2462 needed for desktop=xfce installations.</li>
2463 <li>Adjust thin-client-server task to work when installing from USB
2464 stick ISO image.</li>
2465 <li>Made new grub artwork (changed png from indexed to RGB format).</li>
2466 <li>Minor cleanup in the CUPS setup.</li>
2467 <li>Make sure that bootstrapping of the Samba domain really happens
2468     during installation of the main server and adjust SID handling to
2469     cope with this.</li>
2470 <li>Make Samba passwords changeable (again) via GOsa².</li>
2471 <li>Fix generation of LM and NT password hashes via GOsa² to avoid
2472     empty password hashes.</li>
2473 <li>Adapted Samba machine domain joining to latest change in the
2474     smbldap-tools Perl package, fixing bugs blocking Windows machines
2475     from joining the Samba domain.</li>
2476
2477 </ul>
2478
2479 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
2480
2481 <ul>
2482
2483 <li>KDE fails to understand the wpad.dat file provided, causing it to
2484     not use the http proxy as it should.</li>
2485 <li>Chromium also fails to use the proxy when using the KDE desktop
2486     (using the KDE configuration).</li>
2487
2488 </ul>
2489
2490 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
2491
2492 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
2493
2494 <ul>
2495
2496 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso</a></li>
2497
2498 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso</a></li>
2499
2500 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso .</li>
2501
2502 </ul>
2503
2504 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 1e357f80b55e703523f2254adde6d78b
2505 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 7157f9be5fd27c7694d713c6ecfed61c3edda3b2</p>
2506
2507 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
2508
2509 <ul>
2510
2511 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso</a></li>
2512 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso</a></li>
2513 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso .</li>
2514
2515 </ul>
2516
2517 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 7a8408ead59cf7e3cef25afb6e91590b
2518 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: f1817c031f02790d5edb3bfa0dcf8451088ad119</p>
2519
2520
2521 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
2522
2523 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
2524
2525       </div>
2526       <div class="tags">
2527
2528
2529         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2530
2531
2532       </div>
2533     </div>
2534     <div class="padding"></div>
2535
2536     <div class="entry">
2537       <div class="title">
2538         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_beta_release_of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">First beta release of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
2539       </div>
2540       <div class="date">
2541         27th July 2013
2542       </div>
2543       <div class="body">
2544         <p>The first wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
2545 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
2546
2547 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b0 released
2548 2013-07-27</strong></p>
2549
2550 <p>These are the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
2551 7.1+edu0~b0, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
2552
2553 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
2554
2555 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
2556 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
2557 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
2558 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
2559 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
2560 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
2561 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
2562 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
2563 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
2564 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
2565 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
2566 desktop contains
2567 <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
2568 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
2569 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
2570 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
2571
2572 <p>This is the fifth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
2573 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
2574 Squeeze release.</p>
2575
2576 <p>ALERT: Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
2577 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
2578 release.</p>
2579
2580 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
2581
2582 <ul>
2583
2584 <li>Switched roaming workstation profiles from wicd to network-manager
2585    for network configuration, as wicd didn't work any more.</li>
2586 <li>Changed version numbers of patched gosa and libpam-mklocaluser
2587    packages to make sure our locally patched versions will be replaced
2588    by the official packages when they are released from Debian. Those
2589    installing alpha version need to reinstall or manually downgrade gosa
2590    and libpam-mklocaluser.</li>
2591 <li>Added bluetooth tools to the default desktop (bluedevil, blueman).</li>
2592 <li>Added tools for sharing the desktop on KDE (krdc, krfb).</li>
2593 <li>Added valgrind to the default installation for easier debugging of
2594    crash bugs.</li>
2595
2596 </ul>
2597
2598 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
2599
2600 <ul>
2601
2602 <li>Fixed artwork package to work with gnome, no longer break
2603    desktop=gnome installations.</li>
2604 <li>Adjusted installer to now work when forced to use a proxy with the
2605    netinst CD.</li>
2606 <li>Fixed code detecting and setting/loading hardware specific
2607    setup/firmware to work more robust out of the box.</li>
2608 <li>Adjusted Kerberos setup to detect realm and server settings at
2609    install time instead of dynamically at run time. This avoid a crash
2610    with krb5-auth-dialog on diskless workstations without a DNS name.</li>
2611 <li>Worked around misfeature in network-manager not calling the dhclient
2612    exit hooks, causing automatic proxy configuration and automatic host
2613    name setting at run time to work again.</li>
2614 <li>Fixed feature setting the default Iceweasel start page from URL
2615    fetched from LDAP, to allow schools to set the global default by
2616    updating the dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no LDAP object.</li>
2617 <li>Changed default host name on all networked machines to be unique
2618    (generated from MAC or reverse DNS) after boot.</li>
2619 <li>Adjusted partition sizes to make sure they are big enough.</li>
2620
2621 </ul>
2622
2623 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
2624
2625 <ul>
2626
2627 <li>Grub is missing the new artwork.</li>
2628 <li>KDE fail to understand the wpad.dat file provided, causing it to
2629     not use the http proxy as it should.</li>
2630 <li>Chromium also fail to use the proxy.</li>
2631
2632 </ul>
2633
2634 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
2635
2636 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
2637
2638 <ul>
2639
2640 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso</a></li>
2641
2642 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso</a></li>
2643
2644 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso .</li>
2645
2646 </ul>
2647
2648 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 55d5de9765b6dccd5d9ec33cf1a07109
2649 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 996a1d9517740e4d627d100de2d12b23dd545a3f</p>
2650
2651 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
2652
2653 <ul>
2654
2655 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso</a></li>
2656 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso</a></li>
2657 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso .</li>
2658
2659 </ul>
2660
2661 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: d8f0818c51a78d357de794066f289f69
2662 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 49185ca354e8d0543240423746924f76a6cee733</p>
2663
2664
2665 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
2666
2667 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
2668
2669       </div>
2670       <div class="tags">
2671
2672
2673         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2674
2675
2676       </div>
2677     </div>
2678     <div class="padding"></div>
2679
2680     <div class="entry">
2681       <div class="title">
2682         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/July_13th__Debian_Ubuntu_BSP_and_Skolelinux_Debian_Edu_developer_gathering_in_Oslo.html">July 13th: Debian/Ubuntu BSP and Skolelinux/Debian Edu developer gathering in Oslo</a>
2683       </div>
2684       <div class="date">
2685          9th July 2013
2686       </div>
2687       <div class="body">
2688         <p>The upcoming Saturday, 2013-07-13, we are organising a combined
2689 Debian Edu developer gathering and Debian and Ubuntu bug squashing
2690 party in Oslo.  It is organised by <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">the
2691 member assosiation NUUG</a> and
2692 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">the Debian Edu / Skolelinux
2693 project</a> together with <a href="http://bitraf.no/">the hack space
2694 Bitraf</a>.</p>
2695
2696 <p>It starts 10:00 and continue until late evening.  Everyone is
2697 welcome, and there is no fee to participate.  There is on the other
2698 hand limited space, and only room for 30 people.  Please put your name
2699 on <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/BSP/2013/07/13/no/Oslo">the event
2700 wiki page</a> if you plan to join us.</p>
2701
2702       </div>
2703       <div class="tags">
2704
2705
2706         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
2707
2708
2709       </div>
2710     </div>
2711     <div class="padding"></div>
2712
2713     <div class="entry">
2714       <div class="title">
2715         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fourth_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Fourth alpha release of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
2716       </div>
2717       <div class="date">
2718          3rd July 2013
2719       </div>
2720       <div class="body">
2721         <p>The fourth wheezy based alpha release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
2722 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
2723
2724 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~alpha3 released
2725 2013-07-03</strong></p>
2726
2727 <p>These are the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
2728 7.1+edu0~alpha3, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
2729
2730 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
2731
2732 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
2733 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
2734 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
2735 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
2736 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
2737 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
2738 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
2739 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
2740 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
2741 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
2742 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
2743 desktop contains
2744 <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
2745 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
2746 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
2747 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
2748
2749 <p>This is the fourth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
2750 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
2751 Squeeze release.</p>
2752
2753 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
2754 <ul>
2755   <li>Dropped ispell dictionaries from our default installation.</li>
2756   <li>Dropped menu-xdg from the KDE desktop option, to drop the Debian
2757     submenu.  It was not included with Gnome, LXDE or Xfce, so this
2758     brings KDE in line with the others.</li>
2759   <li>Dropped xdrawchem, xjig and xsok from our default installation as
2760     they don't have a desktop menu entry and thus won't show up in the
2761     menu now that menu-xdg was removed.</li>
2762   <li>Removed the killer system to kill left behind processes on
2763     multi-user machines, as it was no longer able to understand when a
2764     X display was in use and killed the processes of the active users
2765     too.</li>
2766   <li>Dropped the golearn (from goplay) package as the debtags in wheezy
2767     are too few to make the package useful.</li>
2768 </ul>
2769 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
2770 <ul>
2771   <li>Updated artwork matching http://wiki.debian.org/DebianArt/Themes/Joy
2772   <li>Multi-arch i386/amd64 USB stick ISO available.</li>
2773   <li>Got rid of ispell/wordlist related debconf questions that showed
2774     up for some language options.</li>
2775   <li>Switched to using http.debian.net as APT source by default.</li>
2776   <li>Fixed proxy configuration on Main Server installations.</li>
2777   <li>Changed LTSP setup to ask dpkg to use force-unsafe-io the same way
2778     d-i is doing it.</li>
2779   <li>Made sure root and user passwords were not left behind in the
2780     debconf database after installation on Main Server installations.</li>
2781   <li>Made Roaming Workstation dynamic setup more robust and added draft
2782     script setup-ad-client to hook a Roaming Workstation up to a
2783     Active Directory server instead of a Debian Edu Main Server.</li>
2784   <li>Update system to install needed firmware packages during
2785     installation, to work properly in Wheezy.</li>
2786   <li>Update system to handle hardware quirks (debian-edu-hwsetup).</li>
2787   <li>Corrected PXE installation setup to properly pass selected desktop
2788     and keymap settings to PXE installation clients.</li>
2789   <li>LTSP diskless workstations use sshfs by default, allowing them to
2790     work without adding them to DNS and NIS netgroups for NFS access.</li>
2791 </ul>
2792 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
2793 <ul>
2794   <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
2795     available yet (698840).</li>
2796   <li>Artwork not enabled for all desktops.</li>
2797 </ul>
2798 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
2799
2800 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
2801 <ul>
2802   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso</a></li>
2803   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso</a></li>
2804   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso .</li>
2805 </ul>
2806
2807 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 2b161a99d2a848c376d8d04e3854e30c
2808 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 498922e9c508c0a7ee9dbe1dfe5bf830d779c3c8</p>
2809
2810 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
2811 <ul>
2812   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso</a></li>
2813   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso</a></li>
2814   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso .</li>
2815 </ul>
2816
2817 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 25e808e403a4c15dbef1d13c37d572ac
2818 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 15ecfc93eb6b4f453b7eb0bc04b6a279262d9721</p>
2819
2820 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
2821
2822 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
2823
2824       </div>
2825       <div class="tags">
2826
2827
2828         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2829
2830
2831       </div>
2832     </div>
2833     <div class="padding"></div>
2834
2835     <div class="entry">
2836       <div class="title">
2837         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_value_of_a_good_distro_wide_test_suite___.html">The value of a good distro wide test suite...</a>
2838       </div>
2839       <div class="date">
2840         22nd June 2013
2841       </div>
2842       <div class="body">
2843         <p>In the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
2844 Skolelinux</a> project, we include a post-installation test suite,
2845 which check that services are running, working, and return the
2846 expected results.  It runs automatically just after the first boot on
2847 test installations (using test ISOs), but not on production
2848 installations (using non-test ISOs).  It test that the LDAP service is
2849 operating, Kerberos is responding, DNS is replying, file systems are
2850 online resizable, etc, etc.  And it check that the PXE service is
2851 configured, which is the topic of this post.</p>
2852
2853 <p>The last week I've fixed the DVD and USB stick ISOs for our Debian
2854 Edu Wheezy release.  These ISOs are supposed to be able to install a
2855 complete system without any Internet connection, but for that to
2856 happen all the needed packages need to be on them.  Thanks to our test
2857 suite, I discovered that we had forgotten to adjust our PXE setup to
2858 cope with the new names and paths used by the netboot d-i packages.
2859 When Internet connectivity was available, the installer fall back to
2860 using wget to fetch d-i boot images, but when offline it require
2861 working packages to get it working.  And the packages changed name
2862 from debian-installer-6.0-netboot-$arch to
2863 debian-installer-7.0-netboot-$arch, we no longer pulled in the
2864 packages during installation.  Without our test suite, I suspect we
2865 would never have discovered this before release.  Now it is fixed
2866 right after we got the ISOs operational.</p>
2867
2868 <p>Another by-product of the test suite is that we can ask system
2869 administrators with problems getting Debian Edu to work, to run the
2870 test suite using <tt>/usr/sbin/debian-edu-test-install</tt> and see if
2871 any errors are detected.  This usually pinpoint the subsystem causing
2872 the problem.</p>
2873
2874 <p>If you want to help us help kids learn how to share and create,
2875 please join us on
2876 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu on
2877 irc.debian.org</a> and the
2878 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@</a> mailing
2879 list.</p>
2880
2881       </div>
2882       <div class="tags">
2883
2884
2885         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2886
2887
2888       </div>
2889     </div>
2890     <div class="padding"></div>
2891
2892     <div class="entry">
2893       <div class="title">
2894         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Victor_Ni_u.html">Debian Edu interview: Victor Nițu</a>
2895       </div>
2896       <div class="date">
2897         17th June 2013
2898       </div>
2899       <div class="body">
2900         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
2901 Skolelinux</a> distribution have users and contributors all around the
2902 globe.  And a while back, an enterprising young man showed up on
2903 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">our IRC channel
2904 #debian-edu</a> and started asking questions about how Debian Edu
2905 worked.  We answered as good as we could, and even convinced him to
2906 help us with translations.  And today I managed to get an interview
2907 with him, to learn more about him.</p>
2908
2909 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
2910
2911 <p>I'm a 25 year old free software enthusiast, living in Romania,
2912 which is also my country of origin. Back in 2009, at a New Year's Eve
2913 party, I had a very nice <strike>beer</strike> discussion with a
2914 friend, when we realized we have no organised Debian community in our
2915 country. A few days later, we put together the infrastructure for such
2916 community and even gathered a nice Debian-ish crowd. Since then, I
2917 began my quest as a free software hacker and activist and I am
2918 constantly trying to cover as much ground as possible on that
2919 field.</p>
2920
2921 <p>A few years ago I founded a small web development company, which
2922 provided me the flexible schedule I needed so much for my
2923 activities. For the last 13 months, I have been the Technical Director
2924 of <a href="http://ceata.org/">Fundația Ceata</a>, which is a free
2925 software activist organisation endorsed by the FSF and the FSFE, and
2926 the only one we have in our country.</p>
2927
2928 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
2929 project?</strong></p>
2930
2931 <p>The idea of participating in the Debian Edu project was a surprise
2932 even to me, since I never used it before I began getting involved in
2933 it. This year I had a great opportunity to deliver a talk on
2934 educational software, and I knew immediately where to look. It was a
2935 love at first sight, since I was previously involved with some of the
2936 technologies the project incorporates, and I rapidly found a lot of
2937 ways to contribute.</p>
2938
2939 <p>My first contributions consisted in translating the installer and
2940 configuration dialogs, then I found some bugs to squash (I still
2941 haven't fixed them yet though), and I even got my eyes on some other
2942 areas where I can prove myself helpful. Since the appetite for free
2943 software in my country is pretty low, I'll be happy to be the first
2944 one around here advocating for the project's adoption in educational
2945 environments, and maybe even get my hands dirty in creating a flavour
2946 for our own needs. I am not used to make very advanced plannings, so
2947 from now on, time will tell what I'll be doing next, but I think I
2948 have a pretty consistent starting point.</p>
2949
2950 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
2951 Edu?</strong></p>
2952
2953 <p>Not a long time ago, I was in the position of configuring and
2954 maintaining a LDAP server on some Debian derivative, and I must say it
2955 took me a while. A long time ago, I was maintaining a bigger
2956 Samba-powered infrastructure, and I must say I spent quite a lot of
2957 time on it. I have similar stories about many of the services included
2958 with Skolelinux, and the main advantage I see about it is the
2959 out-of-the box availability of them, making it quite competitive when
2960 it comes to managing a school's network, for example.</p>
2961
2962 <p>Of course, there is more to say about Skolelinux than the
2963 availability of the software included, its flexibility in various
2964 scenarios is something I can't wait to experiment "into the wild" (I
2965 only played with virtual machines so far). And I am sure there is a
2966 lot more I haven't discovered yet about it, being so new within the
2967 project.</p>
2968
2969 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2970 Edu?</strong></p>
2971
2972 <p>As usual, when it comes to Debian Blends, I see as the biggest
2973 disadvantage the lack of a numerous team dedicated to the
2974 project. Every day I see the same names in the changelogs, and I have
2975 a constantly fear of the bus factor in this story.  I'd like to see
2976 Debian Edu advertised more as an entry point into the Debian
2977 ecosystem, especially amongst newcomers and students. IMHO there are a
2978 lot low-hanging fruits in terms of bug squashing, and enough
2979 opportunities to get the feeling of the Debian Project's dynamics. Not
2980 to mention it's a very fun blend to work on!</p>
2981
2982 <p>Derived from the previous statement, is the delay in catching up
2983 with the main Debian release and documentation. This is common though
2984 to all blends and derivatives, but it's an issue we can all work
2985 on.</p>
2986
2987 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
2988
2989 <p>I can hardly imagine myself spending a day without Vim, since my
2990 daily routine covers writing code and hacking configuration files. I
2991 am a fan of the Awesome window manager (but I also like the
2992 Enlightenment project a lot!),
2993 <a href="http://www.claws-mail.org/‎">Claws Mail</a> due to its ease of
2994 use and very configurable behaviour. Recently I fell in love with
2995 <a href="https://launchpad.net/redshift">Redshift</a>, which helps me
2996 get through the night without headaches. Of course, there is much more
2997 stuff in this bag, but I'll need a blog on my own for doing this!</p>
2998
2999 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
3000 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
3001
3002 <p>Well, on this field, I cannot do much more than experiment right
3003 now. So, being far from having a recipe for success, I can only assume
3004 that:</p>
3005
3006 <ul>
3007
3008 <li>schools would like to get rid of proprietary software</li>
3009
3010 <li>students will love the openness of the system, and will want to
3011     experiment with it - maybe we need to harvest the native curiosity
3012     of teenagers more?</li>
3013
3014 <li>there is no "right one" when it comes to strategies, but it would
3015     be useful to have some success stories published somewhere, so
3016     other can get some inspiration from them (I know I'd promote
3017     them!)</li>
3018
3019 <li>more active promotion - talks, conferences, even small school
3020     lectures can do magical things if they encounter at least one
3021     person interested. Who knows who that person might be? ;-)</li>
3022
3023 </ul>
3024
3025 <p>I also see some problems in getting Skolelinux into schools; for
3026 example, in our country we have a great deal of corruption issues, so
3027 it might be hard(er) to fight against proprietary solutions. Also,
3028 people who relied on commercial software for all their lives, would be
3029 very hard to convert against their will.</p>
3030
3031       </div>
3032       <div class="tags">
3033
3034
3035         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
3036
3037
3038       </div>
3039     </div>
3040     <div class="padding"></div>
3041
3042     <div class="entry">
3043       <div class="title">
3044         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Jonathan_Carter.html">Debian Edu interview: Jonathan Carter</a>
3045       </div>
3046       <div class="date">
3047         12th June 2013
3048       </div>
3049       <div class="body">
3050         <p>There is a certain cross-over between the
3051 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
3052 project</a> and <a href="http://www.edubuntu.org/">the Edubuntu
3053 project</a>, and for example the LTSP packages in Debian are a joint
3054 effort between the projects.  One person with a foot in both camps is
3055 Jonathan Carter, which I am now happy to present to you.</p>
3056
3057 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
3058
3059 <p>I'm a South-African free software geek who lives in Cape Town. My
3060 days vary quite a bit since I'm involved in too many things. As I'm
3061 getting older I'm learning how to focus a bit more :)</p>
3062
3063 <p>I'm also an Edubuntu contributor and I love when there are
3064 opportunities for the Edubuntu and Debian Edu projects to benefit from
3065 each other.</p>
3066
3067 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
3068 project?</strong></p>
3069
3070 <p>I've been somewhat familiar with the project before, but I think my
3071 first direct exposure to the project was when I met Petter
3072 [Reinholdtsen] and Knut [Yrvin] at the Edubuntu summit in 2005 in
3073 London. They provided great feedback that helped the bootstrapping of
3074 Edubuntu. Back then Edubuntu (and even Ubuntu) was still very new and
3075 it was great getting input from people who have been around longer. I
3076 was also still very excitable and said yes to everything and to this
3077 day I have a big todo list backlog that I'm catching up with. I think
3078 over the years the relationship between Edubuntu and Debian-Edu has
3079 been gradually improving, although I think there's a lot that we could
3080 still improve on in terms of working together on packages. I'm sure
3081 we'll get there one day.</p>
3082
3083 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
3084 Edu?</strong></p>
3085
3086 <p>Debian itself already has so many advantages. I could go on about
3087 it for pages, but in essence I love that it's a very honest project
3088 that puts its users first with no hidden agendas and also produces
3089 very high quality work.</p>
3090
3091 <p>I think the advantage of Debian Edu is that it makes many common
3092 set-up tasks simpler so that administrators can get up and running
3093 with a lot less effort and frustration. At the same time I think it
3094 helps to standardise installations in schools so that it's easier for
3095 community members and commercial suppliers to support.</p>
3096
3097 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
3098 Edu?</strong></p>
3099
3100 <p>I had to re-type this one a few times because I'm trying to
3101 separate "disadvantages" from "areas that need improvement" (which is
3102 what I originally rambled on about)</p>
3103
3104 <p>The biggest disadvantage I can think of is lack of manpower. The
3105 project could do so much more if there were more good contributors. I
3106 think some of the problems are external too. Free software and free
3107 content in education is a no-brainer but it takes some time to catch
3108 on. When you've been working with the same proprietary eco-system for
3109 years and have gotten used to it, it can be hard to adjust to some
3110 concepts in the free software world. It would be nice if there were
3111 more Debian Edu consultants across the world. I'd love to be one
3112 myself but I'm already so over-committed that it's just not possible
3113 currently.</p>
3114
3115 <p>I think the best short-term solution to that large-scale problem is
3116 for schools to be pro-active and share their experiences and grow
3117 their skills in-house. I'm often saddened to see how much money
3118 educational institutions spend on 3rd party solutions that they don't
3119 have access to after the service has ended and they could've gotten so
3120 much more value otherwise by being more self-sustainable and
3121 autonomous.</p>
3122
3123 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
3124
3125 <p>My main laptop dual-boots between Debian and Windows 7. I was
3126 Windows free for years but started dual-booting again last year for
3127 some games which help me focus and relax (Starcraft II in
3128 particular). Gaming support on Linux is improving in leaps and bounds
3129 so I suppose I'll soon be able to regain that disk space :)</p>
3130
3131 <p>Besides that I rely on Icedove, Chromium, Terminator, Byobu, irssi,
3132 git, Tomboy, KVM, VLC and LibreOffice. Recently I've been torn on
3133 which desktop environment I like and I'm taking some refuge in Xfce
3134 while I figure that out. I like tools that keep things simple. I enjoy
3135 Python and shell scripting. I went to an Arduino workshop recently and
3136 it was awesome seeing how easy and simple the IDE software was to get
3137 up and running in Debian compared to the users running Windows and OS
3138 X.</p>
3139
3140 <p>I also use mc which some people frown upon slightly. I got used to
3141 using Norton Commander in the early 90's and it stuck (I think the
3142 people who sneer at it is just jealous that they don't know how to use
3143 it :p)
3144
3145 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
3146 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
3147
3148 <p>I think trying to force it is unproductive. I also think that in
3149 many cases it's appropriate for schools to use non-free systems and I
3150 don't think that there's any particular moral or ethical problem with
3151 that.</p>
3152
3153 <p>I do think though that free software can already solve so so many
3154 problems in educational institutions and it's just a shame not taking
3155 advantage of that.</p>
3156
3157 <p>I also think that some curricula need serious review. For example,
3158 some areas of the world rely heavily on very specific versions of MS
3159 Office, teaching students to parrot menu items instead of learning the
3160 general concepts. I think that's very unproductive because firstly, MS
3161 Office's interface changes drastically every few years and on top of
3162 that it also locks in a generation to a product that might not be the
3163 best solution for them.</p>
3164
3165 <p>To answer your question, I believe that the right strategy is to
3166 educate and inform, giving someone the information they require to
3167 make a decision that would work for them.</p>
3168
3169       </div>
3170       <div class="tags">
3171
3172
3173         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
3174
3175
3176       </div>
3177     </div>
3178     <div class="padding"></div>
3179
3180     <div class="entry">
3181       <div class="title">
3182         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Third alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
3183       </div>
3184       <div class="date">
3185         10th June 2013
3186       </div>
3187       <div class="body">
3188         <p>The third wheezy based alpha release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
3189 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
3190
3191 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.0.0 alpha2 released
3192 2013-06-10</strong></p>
3193
3194 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux 7.0.0 edu
3195 alpha2, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
3196
3197 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
3198
3199 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
3200 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
3201 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
3202 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
3203 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
3204 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
3205 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
3206 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
3207 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
3208 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
3209 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
3210 desktop contains
3211 <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
3212 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
3213 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
3214 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
3215
3216 <p>This is the third test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
3217 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
3218 Squeeze release.</p>
3219
3220 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
3221
3222 <ul>
3223
3224 <li>Iceweasel was updated from 10 to 17. (DSA 2699-1)
3225 <li>Updated libxv (DSA-2674), libxvmc (DSA-2675), libxfixes (DSA-2676), libxrender (DSA-2677), mesa (DSA-2678), xserver-xorg-video-openchrome (DSA-2679), libxt (DSA-2680), libxcursor (DSA-2681), libxext (DSA-2682), libxi (DSA-2683), libxrandr (DSA-2684), libxp (DSA-2685), libxcb (DSA-2686), libfs (DSA-2687), libxres (DSA-2688), libxtst (DSA-2689), libxxf86dga (DSA-2690), libxinerama (DSA-2691), libxxf86vm (DSA-2692), libx11 (DSA-2693), chromium-browser (DSA-2695), gnutls26 (DSA-2697), wireshark (DSA-2700), krb5 (DSA-2701), telepathy-gabble (DSA-2702) and subversion (DSA-2703).
3226 <li>Switched xrdp on thin client servers to use tightvncserver instead of xvnc4.
3227 <li>Now install software oscilloscope xoscope by default.
3228 <li>Now install music tools gtick, lingot and pianobooster by default.
3229
3230 </ul>
3231
3232 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
3233
3234 <ul>
3235
3236 <li>The subnet-change script is now able to change all files needing a change on the main-server when changing the IP network used.
3237 <li>Updated translation of the installation.
3238 <li>New Romanian translation.
3239 <li>Fix security problem causing root and first user password to no longer show up in /var/cache/debconf/templates.dat.
3240 <li>Fix roaming workstation setup (Closed in libpam-mklocaluser/0.8, libpam-mklocaluser/0.8~deb7u1: #706753: libpam-mklocaluser: Fail to create local user during first login).
3241 <li>Made roaming workstation setup more robust in non-Debian Edu environments.
3242 <li>New script debian-edu-bless to transform a Debian installation to a Debian Edu profile.
3243 <li>Adjust Iceweasel setup to improve performance when $HOME is on NFS.
3244 <li>More testsuite tests.
3245 <li>Make automatic proxy configuration more robust.
3246 <li>Adjust GOsa² GUI configuration.
3247
3248 <li>Update thin client and diskless workstation setup to work with
3249 LTSP in Wheezy.</li>
3250
3251 <li>Diskless workstations now run out of the box -- no need to set
3252 them up with GOsa².</li>
3253
3254 <li>Update IMAP server setup. </li>
3255
3256 <li>Fix login into Skolelinux Backup Tool (Closed in
3257 slbackup-php/0.4.4-1: #700257: slbackup-php: Fails to submit correctly
3258 entered password). </li>
3259
3260 </ul>
3261
3262 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
3263
3264 <ul>
3265
3266 <li>DVD binary and source images are not yet ready.</li>
3267
3268 <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
3269 available yet (Open in gosa/2.7.4-4: #698840: gosa-plugin-ldapmanager:
3270 missing import feature).</li>
3271
3272 <li>Missing artwork for the KDE desktop (and probably a few others). </li>
3273
3274 <li>KDE Debian submenu lacks icons (Closed: #502192: menu-xdg: invents
3275 own icon names instead of using existing). This will remain
3276 unfixed.</li>
3277
3278 </ul>
3279
3280 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
3281
3282 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
3283
3284 <ul>
3285
3286 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso</a></li>
3287
3288 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso</a></li>
3289
3290 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso .</li>
3291
3292 </ul>
3293
3294 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 27bbcace407743382f3c42c08dbe8178
3295 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: e35f7d7908566cd3075375b3721fa10ee420d419</p>
3296
3297 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
3298
3299 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
3300
3301       </div>
3302       <div class="tags">
3303
3304
3305         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3306
3307
3308       </div>
3309     </div>
3310     <div class="padding"></div>
3311
3312     <div class="entry">
3313       <div class="title">
3314         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Is_there_a_PHP_expert_in_the_building___Debian_Edu_need_help_.html">Is there a PHP expert in the building?  Debian Edu need help!</a>
3315       </div>
3316       <div class="date">
3317          5th June 2013
3318       </div>
3319       <div class="body">
3320         <p>Here is a call for help from the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project.
3321 We have two problems blocking the release of the Wheezy version we
3322 hope to get released soon.  The two problems require some with PHP
3323 skills, and we seem to lack anyone with both time and PHP skills in
3324 the project:
3325
3326 <ol>
3327
3328 <li>It is impossible to log into the slbackup web interface
3329   (slbackup-php) using the root user and password.  This is
3330   <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/700257">BTS report #700257</a>.
3331   This used to work, but stopped working some time since Squeeze.
3332   Perhaps some obsolete PHP feature was used?</li>
3333
3334 <li>It is not possible to "mass import" user lists in Gosa, neither
3335   using ldif nor using CSV files.  The feature was disabled after a
3336   major rewrite of Gosa, and need to be ported to the new system.
3337   This is <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/698840">BTS report
3338   #698840</a>.</li>
3339
3340 </ol>
3341
3342 <p>If you can help us, please join us on IRC
3343 (<a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu on
3344 irc.debian.org</a>) and provide patches via the BTS.</p>
3345
3346       </div>
3347       <div class="tags">
3348
3349
3350         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3351
3352
3353       </div>
3354     </div>
3355     <div class="padding"></div>
3356
3357     <div class="entry">
3358       <div class="title">
3359         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__C_dric_Boutillier.html">Debian Edu interview: Cédric Boutillier</a>
3360       </div>
3361       <div class="date">
3362          4th June 2013
3363       </div>
3364       <div class="body">
3365         <p>It has been a while since my last English
3366 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
3367 interview last November.  But the developers and translators are still
3368 pulling along to get the Wheezy based release out the door, and this
3369 time I managed to get an interview from one of the French translators
3370 in the project, Cédric Boutillier.</p>
3371
3372 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
3373
3374 <p>I am 34 year old. I live near Paris, France. I am an assistant
3375 professor in probability theory. I spend my daytime teaching
3376 mathematics at the university and doing fundamental research in
3377 probability in connexion with combinatorics and statistical physics.</p>
3378
3379 <p>I have been involved in the Debian project for a couple of years
3380 and became Debian Developer a few months ago. I am working on Ruby
3381 packaging, publicity and translation.</p>
3382
3383 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
3384 project?</strong></p>
3385
3386 <p>I came to the Debian Edu project after a call for translation of
3387 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Manuals">the
3388 Debian Edu manual</a> for the release of Debian Edu Squeeze. Since
3389 then, I have been working on updating the French translation of the
3390 manual.
3391
3392 <p>I had the opportunity to make an installation of Debian Edu in a
3393 virtual machine when I was preparing localised version of some screen
3394 shots for the manual. I was amazed to see it worked out of the box and
3395 how comprehensive the list of software installed by default was.</p>
3396
3397 <p>What amazed me was the complete network infrastructure directly
3398 ready to use, which can and the nice administration interface provided
3399 by <a href="https://oss.gonicus.de/labs/gosa/">GOsa²</a>.  What pleased
3400 me also was the fact that among the software installed by default,
3401 there were many "traditional" educative software to learn languages,
3402 to count, to program... but also software to develop creativity and
3403 artistic skills with music (<a href="http://ardour.org/">Ardour</a>,
3404 <a href="http://audacity.sourceforge.net/">Audacity</a>) and
3405 movies/animation (I was especially thinking of
3406 <a href="http://linuxstopmotion.sourceforge.net/">Stopmotion</a>).</p>
3407
3408 <p>I am following the development of Debian Edu and am hanging out on
3409 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu</a>.
3410 Unfortunately, I don't much time to get more involved in this
3411 beautiful project.</p>
3412
3413 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
3414 Edu?</strong></p>
3415
3416 <p>For me, the main advantages of Skolelinux/Debian Edu are its
3417 community of experts and its precise documentation, as well as the
3418 fact that it provides a solution ready to use.</p>
3419
3420 <p>I would add also the fact that it is based on the rock solid Debian
3421 distribution, which ensures stability and provides a huge collection
3422 of educational free software.</p>
3423
3424 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
3425 Edu?</strong></p>
3426
3427 <p>Maybe the lack of manpower to do lobbying on the
3428 project. Sometimes, people who need to take decisions concerning IT do
3429 not have all the elements to evaluate properly free software
3430 solutions. The fact that support by a company may be difficult to find
3431 is probably a problem if the school does not have IT personnel.</p>
3432
3433 <p>One can find support from a company by looking at
3434 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Help/ProfessionalHelp">the
3435 wiki dokumentation</a>, where some countries already have a number of
3436 companies providing support for Debian Edu, like Germany or
3437 Norway. This list is easy to find readily from the manual. However,
3438 for other countries, like France, the list is empty. I guess that
3439 consultants proposing support for Debian would be able to provide some
3440 support for Debian Edu as well.</p>
3441
3442 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
3443
3444 <p>I am using the KDE Plasma Desktop. But the pieces of software I use
3445 most runs in a terminal: Mutt and OfflineIMAP for emails, latex for
3446 scientific documents, mpd for music. VIM is my editor of choice.  I am
3447 also using the mathematical software
3448 <a href="http://www.scilab.org/en/scilab/about‎">Scilab</a> and
3449 <a href="http://www.sagemath.org/index.html‎">Sage</a> (built from
3450 source as not completely packaged for Debian, yet).
3451
3452 <p><strong>Do you have any suggestions for teachers interested in
3453 using the free software in Debian to teach mathematics and
3454 statistics?</strong></p>
3455
3456 <p>I do not have any "nice" recommendations for statistics. At our
3457 university, we use both <a href="http://www.r-project.org/‎">R</a> and
3458 Scilab to teach statistics and probabilistic simulations. For
3459 geometry, there are nice programs:</p>
3460
3461 <ul>
3462
3463 <li><a href="http://www.drgeo.eu/">drgeo</a> and
3464 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/applications/all/kig‎">kig</a> to do
3465 constructions in planar geometry
3466
3467 <li><a href="http://www.geom.uiuc.edu/software/download/kali.html">kali</a>
3468 to discover symmetry groups (the so-called wallpapers and frieze
3469 groups), although the interface looks a bit old.</li>
3470
3471 </ul>
3472
3473 <p>I like also
3474 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/applications/all/cantor">cantor</a>, which
3475 provides a uniform interface to SciLab, Sage,
3476 <a href="http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Octave‎">Octave</a>, etc...</p>
3477
3478 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
3479 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
3480
3481 <p>My suggestions would be to</p>
3482
3483 <ul>
3484
3485 <li>advertise the reduction of costs when free software is used.</li>
3486
3487 <li>communicate about the quality of free software projects, using
3488     well known examples like Firefox, ThunderBird and
3489     OpenOffice.org/LibreOffice.</li>
3490
3491 <li>advertise the living and strong community around the project.</li>
3492
3493 <li>show that it is not more difficult to use than any other
3494     system.</li>
3495
3496 </ul>
3497
3498       </div>
3499       <div class="tags">
3500
3501
3502         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
3503
3504
3505       </div>
3506     </div>
3507     <div class="padding"></div>
3508
3509     <div class="entry">
3510       <div class="title">
3511         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">Educational applications included in Debian Edu / Skolelinux (the screenshot collection :-)</a>
3512       </div>
3513       <div class="date">
3514          1st June 2013
3515       </div>
3516       <div class="body">
3517         <p>Included in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
3518 Skolelinux</a>, there are quite a lot of educational software.
3519 Created to help teachers teach, and pupils learn.  We have tried to
3520 tag them all using debtags use::learning and role::program, and using
3521 the debtags I was happy to be able to create a collage of the
3522 educational software packages installed by default, sorted by the
3523 debtag field.  Here it is.  Click on a image to learn more about the
3524 program.</p>
3525
3526 <!-- for f in $(debtags tagcat|grep field::|awk '{print $2}'); do   echo; echo "<p><strong>$f</strong></p>"; echo "<p>";   (     for p in $(debtags search --names "use::learning && interface::x11 && role::program && $f"); do img="<img src='http://screenshots.debian.net/thumbnail/$p' alt='$p'>"; if dpkg -s $p > /dev/null 2>&1; then           echo "<a href='http://packages.qa.debian.org/$p'>$img</a>"; fi;     done;   ) | LANG=C sort; echo "</p>"; done -->
3527
3528 <p><strong>field::arts</strong></p>
3529 <p>
3530 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=audacity'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/audacity.png' alt='audacity'></a>
3531 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
3532 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=denemo'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/denemo.png' alt='denemo'></a>
3533 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=freebirth'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/freebirth.png' alt='freebirth'></a>
3534 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
3535 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gimp'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gimp.png' alt='gimp'></a>
3536 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=hydrogen'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/hydrogen.png' alt='hydrogen'></a>
3537 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=lilypond'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/lilypond.png' alt='lilypond'></a>
3538 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=lmms'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/lmms.png' alt='lmms'></a>
3539 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=rosegarden'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/rosegarden.png' alt='rosegarden'></a>
3540 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scribus'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scribus.png' alt='scribus'></a>
3541 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=solfege'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/solfege.png' alt='solfege'></a>
3542 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=stopmotion'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/stopmotion.png' alt='stopmotion'></a>
3543 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=tuxpaint'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/tuxpaint.png' alt='tuxpaint'></a>
3544 </p>
3545
3546 <p><strong>field::astronomy</strong></p>
3547 <p>
3548 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=celestia-gnome'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/celestia-gnome.png' alt='celestia-gnome'></a>
3549 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gpredict'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gpredict.png' alt='gpredict'></a>
3550 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kstars'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kstars.png' alt='kstars'></a>
3551 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=planets'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/planets.png' alt='planets'></a>
3552 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=stellarium'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/stellarium.png' alt='stellarium'></a>
3553 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xplanet'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xplanet.png' alt='xplanet'></a>
3554 </p>
3555
3556 <p><strong>field::biology:structural</strong></p>
3557 <p>
3558 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=pymol'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/pymol.png' alt='pymol'></a>
3559 </p>
3560
3561 <p><strong>field::chemistry</strong></p>
3562 <p>
3563 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=atomix'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/atomix.png' alt='atomix'></a>
3564 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=chemtool'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/chemtool.png' alt='chemtool'></a>
3565 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=easychem'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/easychem.png' alt='easychem'></a>
3566 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gchempaint'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gchempaint.png' alt='gchempaint'></a>
3567 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gdis'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gdis.png' alt='gdis'></a>
3568 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=ghemical'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/ghemical.png' alt='ghemical'></a>
3569 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gperiodic'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gperiodic.png' alt='gperiodic'></a>
3570 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kalzium'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kalzium.png' alt='kalzium'></a>
3571 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=pymol'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/pymol.png' alt='pymol'></a>
3572 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=viewmol'>[viewmol]</a>
3573 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xdrawchem'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xdrawchem.png' alt='xdrawchem'></a>
3574 </p>
3575
3576 <p><strong>field::electronics</strong></p>
3577 <p>
3578 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
3579 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gpsim'>[gpsim]</a>
3580 </p>
3581
3582 <p><strong>field::geography</strong></p>
3583 <p>
3584 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kgeography'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kgeography.png' alt='kgeography'></a>
3585 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=marble'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/marble.png' alt='marble'></a>
3586 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xplanet'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xplanet.png' alt='xplanet'></a>
3587 </p>
3588
3589 <p><strong>field::linguistics</strong></p>
3590 <p>
3591 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
3592 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kanagram'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kanagram.png' alt='kanagram'></a>
3593 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=khangman'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/khangman.png' alt='khangman'></a>
3594 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=klettres'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/klettres.png' alt='klettres'></a>
3595 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=parley'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/parley.png' alt='parley'></a>
3596 </p>
3597
3598 <p><strong>field::mathematics</strong></p>
3599 <p>
3600 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
3601 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=drgeo'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/drgeo.png' alt='drgeo'></a>
3602 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
3603 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=geogebra'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/geogebra.png' alt='geogebra'></a>
3604 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=geomview'>[geomview]</a>
3605 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=grace'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/grace.png' alt='grace'></a>
3606 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=graphmonkey'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/graphmonkey.png' alt='graphmonkey'></a>
3607 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=graphthing'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/graphthing.png' alt='graphthing'></a>
3608 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kalgebra'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kalgebra.png' alt='kalgebra'></a>
3609 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kbruch'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kbruch.png' alt='kbruch'></a>
3610 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kig'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kig.png' alt='kig'></a>
3611 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kmplot'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kmplot.png' alt='kmplot'></a>
3612 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=mathwar'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/mathwar.png' alt='mathwar'></a>
3613 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=rocs'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/rocs.png' alt='rocs'></a>
3614 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scratch'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scratch.png' alt='scratch'></a>
3615 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=tuxmath'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/tuxmath.png' alt='tuxmath'></a>
3616 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xabacus'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xabacus.png' alt='xabacus'></a>
3617 </p>
3618
3619 <p><strong>field::physics</strong></p>
3620 <p>
3621 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
3622 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=step'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/step.png' alt='step'></a>
3623 </p>
3624
3625 <p><strong>field::TODO</strong></p>
3626 <p>
3627 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=blinken'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/blinken.png' alt='blinken'></a>
3628 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=cgoban'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/cgoban.png' alt='cgoban'></a>
3629 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
3630 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
3631 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gnuchess'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gnuchess.png' alt='gnuchess'></a>
3632 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gnugo'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gnugo.png' alt='gnugo'></a>
3633 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gtans'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gtans.png' alt='gtans'></a>
3634 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=ktouch'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/ktouch.png' alt='ktouch'></a>
3635 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=librecad'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/librecad.png' alt='librecad'></a>
3636 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scratch'><img src='https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scratch.png' alt='scratch'></a>
3637 </p>
3638
3639 <p>In total, 61 applications.  3 of them lacked screen shots on
3640 <a href="http://screenshot.debian.net">screenshot.debian.net</a>.  If
3641 you know of some packages we should install by default, please let us
3642 know on <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">IRC, #debian-edu
3643 on irc.debian.org</a>, or our
3644 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">mailing list
3645 debian-edu@</a>.</p>
3646
3647       </div>
3648       <div class="tags">
3649
3650
3651         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3652
3653
3654       </div>
3655     </div>
3656     <div class="padding"></div>
3657
3658     <div class="entry">
3659       <div class="title">
3660         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Nirosan_Thiyagalingam.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Nirosan Thiyagalingam</a>
3661       </div>
3662       <div class="date">
3663         24th May 2013
3664       </div>
3665       <div class="body">
3666         <p>En ting
3667 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektet</a> har
3668 hatt mye glede av er studentprosjekter.  F.eks.  er
3669 <a href="http://linuxstopmotion.org/">stillbildeanimasjonssystemet
3670 Stopmotion</a> resultat av et studentprosjekt i Skolelinux.  De siste
3671 månedene har en ivrig student veiledet av Marius Kotsbak i
3672 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRiSK</a> testet hva en
3673 kan få til med en datamaskin til NOK 400,- (antagelig 1700,- med
3674 skjerm, tastatur og mus) når det brukes i Skolelinux.  Jeg spurte han
3675 om et intervju.</p>
3676
3677 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
3678
3679 <p>Jeg heter Nirosan Thiyagalingam. Jeg er 24 år og studerer
3680 dataingeniør studiet ved Høgskolen i Sør Trøndelag. Interessen for
3681 data har siden ung alder vært tilstede og jeg har i tillegg alltid
3682 vært glad i å lære nye ting. Med teknologi som endres svært hurtig er
3683 det alltid noe nytt å lære.  Noe som igjen har gjort det svært
3684 interessant å følge med på utviklingen.  Jeg valgte dataingeniør
3685 studiet grunnet ønske om å lære enda mer om programmering og utvikling
3686 av store systemer.</p>
3687
3688 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
3689
3690 <p>Skolelinux prosjektet hørte jeg først om i media. Men det var først
3691 når jeg skulle velge bacheloroppgave at jeg fattet mer interesse for
3692 prosjektet. Et enkelt søk på nettet førte meg til skolelinux sine
3693 hjemmesider.  Informasjonen jeg fant der gjorde meg enda nysgjerrig og
3694 jeg valgte derfor en oppgave som gikk ut på å få en
3695 <a href="http://www.raspberrypi.org">Raspberry PI</a>.  Altså en
3696 ultra-billig datamaskin til å kjøre Debian Edu på lik linje med
3697 vanlige datamaskiner. I løpet av prosjektet ble det gjort mye
3698 forskning på nettet. Det var mye jeg måtte forstå rundt hvordan
3699 operativsystemet Linux fungerte før jeg kunne angripe
3700 problemet. Prøvde først å finne ut hvordan man kunne transformere en
3701 vanlig installasjon av Skolelinux til Raspberry PI, men dette var
3702 altfor vanskelig å jeg endte opp med mer spørsmål enn svar. Det ble
3703 videre opprettet kontakt med Skolelinux utviklere på IRC der jeg fikk
3704 diskutert hvilken retning jeg burde gå for å få til en fullverdig
3705 løsning. Det ble bestemt at jeg skulle gå for å først installere
3706 <a href="http://www.raspbian.org/">Raspian</a>. Dette er et
3707 operativsystem basert på Debian spesiallaget for Raspberry Pi sin
3708 maskinvare. Nå som Debian var installert på datamaskinen gjenstod det
3709 å installere de nødvendige Skolelinux pakkene for å få til et
3710 fullverdig system. Disse pakkene ble installert manuelt i første
3711 omgang, men ble senere installert automatisk via et script som Petter
3712 Reinholdtsen laget. Dette scriptet er så enkel å bruke at man er i
3713 gang med installasjonen i løpet av bare 5 minutter. Ikke nok med det,
3714 alt skjer helt automatisk. Alt i alt er jeg veldig fornøyd med
3715 resultatet av installasjonsprosessen. Raspberry Pi er en veldig svak
3716 maskin og det merkes godt når man har installert Skolelinux på
3717 den. Video og 3D-rendering fungerer utrolig dårlig, men nettsurfing og
3718 kontorprogrammer fungerer godt.  Det kan derfor konkluderes med at
3719 datamaskinen er egnet for enkle oppgaver.
3720
3721 <p>Jeg syns det er viktig påpeke at dette kun er startfasen av en slik
3722 løsning. På markedet finnes det nå maskiner som har bedre hardware enn
3723 Raspberry Pi. Det er store muligheter for at man kan klare å
3724 installere Skolelinux på disse også, og da forsvinner nok mest
3725 sannsynlig ytelsesproblemene med Video og 3D rendering også.</p>
3726
3727 <p>Det ble også prøvd med en løsning som gjorde at Raspberry Pi
3728 fungerte som en tynnklient. Denne løsningen hadde langt bedre ytelse
3729 med tanke på hastighet og brukeropplevelse. Men også her var video og
3730 3D rendering dårlig. Det ble brukt en liten Linux distribusjon kalt
3731 <a href="http://www.berryterminal.com/">BerryTerminal</a> for å få til
3732 dette.</p>
3733
3734 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
3735
3736 <p>Fordelen med Skolelinux er mange. At det er gratis er en stor
3737 fordel, men at det er så mange som er med på å utvikle det og
3738 vedlikeholde det er en enda større fordel. Allerede før jeg startet
3739 med prosjektet så jeg mange fordeler, og når jeg nærmet meg sluttfasen
3740 så jeg langt flere. At prosjektet skulle inneha en så høy kvalitet
3741 hadde jeg aldri trodd. En vanlig Skolelinux installasjon har de
3742 nødvendige programmene og funksjonen som både små og store skoler i
3743 tillegg til organisasjoner kan klare seg med.  At prosjektet tilbyr en
3744 så komplett løsning er en kjempefordel.  Installasjonen er knirkefri
3745 og det er svært enkelt å installere og komme i gang.</p>
3746
3747 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
3748
3749 <p>Ulempene jeg ser med prosjektet er ryddigheten av websidene. Selv
3750 om websidene er enkle og konsise er det allikevel ikke appellerende i
3751 like stor grad som for eksempel
3752 <a href="http://www.ubuntu.com">Ubuntu</a> sine sider.  Deres side
3753 tilbyr, i tillegg til godt design og presentasjon, en nettbasert
3754 emulator av deres operativsystem. Dette er en stor fordel slik jeg ser
3755 det.  Bortsett fra dette ser jeg absolutt ingen ulemper med
3756 Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
3757
3758 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
3759
3760 <p>Til daglig er jeg en flittig bruker av det åpne media
3761 sentersystemet <a href="http://xbmc.org/">XBMC</a>. Det enorme
3762 samfunnet rundt dette prosjektet har gjort dette til et program som
3763 dekker alles behov. Man kan tilpasse det akkurat slik man vil både med
3764 tanke på utseende og funksjoner ved installere plug-ins eller
3765 scripts.</p>
3766
3767 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
3768 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
3769
3770 <p>Strategien som burde brukes sett fra mine øyne er
3771 markedsføring. Jeg er sikker på at om flere skoler fikk et lite innsyn
3772 i hvor bra Skolelinux er så ville de ikke nølt med å gå over fra noe
3773 annet som koster de store summer. At skolelinux til de grader tilbyr
3774 en så komplett løsning bure komme frem. Enten via reklamekampanjer
3775 eller ved å sende ut folk til skoler for så å la skolenettverk
3776 ansvarlige få teste ut hvordan Skolelinux fungerer i praksis. Om det
3777 i tillegg ble utviklet gode websider og en emulator for å la brukere
3778 prøve operativsystemet ville nok dette ha styrket inntrykket
3779 betraktelig.</p>
3780
3781       </div>
3782       <div class="tags">
3783
3784
3785         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
3786
3787
3788       </div>
3789     </div>
3790     <div class="padding"></div>
3791
3792     <div class="entry">
3793       <div class="title">
3794         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_transform_a_Debian_based_system_to_a_Debian_Edu_installation.html">How to transform a Debian based system to a Debian Edu installation</a>
3795       </div>
3796       <div class="date">
3797         17th May 2013
3798       </div>
3799       <div class="body">
3800         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> is
3801 an operating system based on Debian intended for use in schools.  It
3802 contain a turn-key solution for the computer network provided to
3803 pupils in the primary schools.  It provide both the central server,
3804 network boot servers and desktop environments with heaps of
3805 educational software.  The project was founded almost 12 years ago,
3806 2001-07-02.  If you want to support the project, which is in need for
3807 cash to fund developer gatherings and other project related activity,
3808 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/donations.html">please
3809 donate some money</a>.
3810
3811 <p>A topic that come up again and again on the Debian Edu mailing
3812 lists and elsewhere, is the question on how to transform a Debian or
3813 Ubuntu installation into a Debian Edu installation.  It isn't very
3814 hard, and last week I wrote a script to replicate the steps done by
3815 the Debian Edu installer.</p>
3816
3817 <p>The script,
3818 <a href="http://anonscm.debian.org/viewvc/debian-edu/branches/wheezy/debian-edu-config/share/debian-edu-config/tools/debian-edu-bless?view=markup">debian-edu-bless<a/>
3819 in the debian-edu-config package, will go through these six steps and
3820 transform an existing Debian Wheezy or Ubuntu (untested) installation
3821 into a Debian Edu Workstation:</p>
3822
3823 <ol>
3824
3825 <li>Add skolelinux related APT sources.</li>
3826 <li>Create /etc/debian-edu/config with the wanted configuration.</li>
3827 <li>Install debian-edu-install to load preseeding values and pull in
3828     our configuration.</li>
3829 <li>Preseed debconf database with profile setup in
3830     /etc/debian-edu/config, and run tasksel to install packages
3831     according to the profile specified in the config above,
3832     overriding some of the Debian automation machinery.</li>
3833 <li>Run debian-edu-cfengine-D installation to configure everything
3834     that could not be done using preseeding.</li>
3835 <li>Ask for a reboot to enable all the configuration changes.</li>
3836
3837 </ol>
3838
3839 <p>There are some steps in the Debian Edu installation that can not be
3840 replicated like this.  Disk partitioning and LVM setup, for example.
3841 So this script just assume there is enough disk space to install all
3842 the needed packages.</p>
3843
3844 <p>The script was created to help a Debian Edu student working on
3845 setting up <a href="http://www.raspberrypi.org">Raspberry Pi</a> as a
3846 Debian Edu client, and using it he can take the existing
3847 <a href="http://www.raspbian.org/FrontPage‎">Raspbian</a> installation and
3848 transform it into a fully functioning Debian Edu Workstation (or
3849 Roaming Workstation, or whatever :).</p>
3850
3851 <p>The default setting in the script is to create a KDE Workstation.
3852 If a LXDE based Roaming workstation is wanted instead, modify the
3853 PROFILE and DESKTOP values at the top to look like this instead:</p>
3854
3855 <p><pre>
3856 PROFILE="Roaming-Workstation"
3857 DESKTOP="lxde"
3858 </pre></p>
3859
3860 <p>The script could even become useful to set up Debian Edu servers in
3861 the cloud, by starting with a virtual Debian installation at some
3862 virtual hosting service and setting up all the services on first
3863 boot.</p>
3864
3865       </div>
3866       <div class="tags">
3867
3868
3869         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3870
3871
3872       </div>
3873     </div>
3874     <div class="padding"></div>
3875
3876     <div class="entry">
3877       <div class="title">
3878         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Second alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
3879       </div>
3880       <div class="date">
3881         14th May 2013
3882       </div>
3883       <div class="body">
3884         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
3885 project</a> is making great progress and made its second Wheezy based
3886 release today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
3887
3888 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.0.0 alpha1 released
3889 2013-05-14</strong></p>
3890
3891 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux 7.0.0 edu
3892 alpha1, based on <a href="http://www.debian.org">Debian</a> with
3893 codename "Wheezy".</p>
3894
3895 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
3896
3897 <p>Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux, is a Linux distribution based
3898 on Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
3899 configured school network. Immediatly after installation a school
3900 server running all services needed for a school network is set up just
3901 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
3902 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
3903 initial installation of the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all
3904 other machines can be installed via the network.</p>
3905
3906 <p>This is the first test release based on Wheezy (which currently is
3907 not released yet). Basically this is an updated and slightly improved
3908 version compared to the Squeeze release.</p>
3909
3910 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
3911 <ul>
3912   <li>Install freemind (0.9.0) by default, and stop installing vym by
3913     default.</li>
3914   <li>Install chromium (26.0.1410.43) by default.</li>
3915   <li>Install goplay (0.5-1.1) to make golearn available by default.</li>
3916   <li>Updated support for Japanese input methods, now based on
3917     ibus-anthy.</li>
3918 </ul>
3919
3920 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
3921 <ul>
3922
3923   <li>Switched default file system from ext3 to ext4 for speed and
3924     reliability improvements.</li>
3925   <li>Got rid of unwanted winbind daemon and PAM setup activated because
3926     of <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/706434">706434</a>.</li>
3927   <li>Extended and improved the testsuite tests to detect more possible
3928     problems.</li>
3929   <li>Corrected proxy handling to not set http_proxy to a bogus
3930     direct:// URL.</li>
3931   <li>Corrected proxy setup for diskless workstations.</li>
3932   <li>Corrected PXE setup to use our updated udebs during installation.</li>
3933   <li>Made installation handling of low entropy level more robust.</li>
3934   <li>Create larger partitions for Roaming workstations and Thin client
3935     servers, to make room for all the software installed.</li>
3936   <li>Fix bug in Roaming workstation PAM setup, making it impossible to
3937     log in (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/706753">706753</a>).</li>
3938 </ul>
3939
3940 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
3941 <ul>
3942
3943   <li>IP resolution for the local hostname give useless IPv6 address
3944     (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/705900">705900</a>).  Only install
3945     libnss-myhostname on roaming workstations until it is fixed.</li>
3946   <li>DVD images are not yet ready.</li>
3947   <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
3948     available yet (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/698840">698840</a>).</li>
3949   <li>Missing artwork for the KDE desktop (and probably a few others).</li>
3950   <li>KDE Debian submenu lacks icons.</li>
3951   <li>LXDE menu lacks entry for changing GOsa password
3952     (website). Installing gosa-desktop will be an option.</li>
3953   <li>Backup configuration via web interface is impossible due to
3954     password submission problem
3955     (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/700257">700257</a>).</li>
3956
3957 </ul>
3958
3959 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
3960
3961 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
3962 <ul>
3963
3964   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</a></li>
3965   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</a></li>
3966   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</li>
3967
3968 </ul>
3969
3970 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 685ed76c1aa8e44b12d3fde21faf450b</p>
3971
3972 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 6c874de157024da13e115bab29c068080a11ec4c</p>
3973
3974 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
3975
3976 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
3977
3978       </div>
3979       <div class="tags">
3980
3981
3982         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3983
3984
3985       </div>
3986     </div>
3987     <div class="padding"></div>
3988
3989     <div class="entry">
3990       <div class="title">
3991         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Narvik_sparer_minst_9_millioner_p____bruke_Skolelinux.html">Narvik sparer minst 9 millioner på å bruke Skolelinux</a>
3992       </div>
3993       <div class="date">
3994         10th May 2013
3995       </div>
3996       <div class="body">
3997         <p>I fjor sommer ble jeg
3998 <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">gledelig
3999 overrasket</a> over et oppslag i avisen Fremover om Narvik kommunes
4000 bruk av <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>.  Oppslaget
4001 var basert på et notat som besvarte spørsmål fra ordfører Tor Nysæter
4002 og rådgiver for skolesektoren, Petter Falkbu, om bruken av Skolelinux
4003 i Narvikskolene og konstnaden ved å gå over til Windows.  For litt
4004 over en uke siden siden fikk jeg endelig bedt kommunen om å få innsyn
4005 i dette notatet, og det ble oversendt på epost tirsdag.  Jeg fikk
4006 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/pub/offentliginnsyn/from-Narvik-kommune/2013-04-29-09:12-skolelinux-notat/PetterFalkbuogwindowsfornarvikskolen%20(L)351310.pdf">lagt
4007 ut notatet</a> samme dag, og fikk i dag sjekket postlista til Narvik,
4008 der jeg fant notatet som
4009 <a href="https://www.narvik.kommune.no/innsyn.aspx?response=arkivsak_detaljer&arkivsakid=2013001023&scripturi=/innsyn.aspx&skin=infolink&Mid1=301&">sak
4010 2013/1023</a>.</p>
4011
4012 <p>Notatet forteller at Narvik ville måtte betalt minst 9 millioner
4013 for å gå over til Windows på skolene.  I tillegg dokumenterer notatet
4014 at læreplanens krav oppfylles uten problemer ved bruk av Skolelinux.
4015 Jeg anbefaler alle å lese de 10 sidene med gode argumenter for å kutte
4016 unødige utgifter på IT i skoleverket. :)</p>
4017
4018       </div>
4019       <div class="tags">
4020
4021
4022         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4023
4024
4025       </div>
4026     </div>
4027     <div class="padding"></div>
4028
4029     <div class="entry">
4030       <div class="title">
4031         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Wheezy_is_out___and_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_should_soon_follow___newinwheezy.html">Debian Wheezy is out - and Debian Edu / Skolelinux should soon follow! #newinwheezy</a>
4032       </div>
4033       <div class="date">
4034          5th May 2013
4035       </div>
4036       <div class="body">
4037         <p>When I woke up this morning, I was very happy to see that the
4038 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2013/20130504">release announcement
4039 for Debian Wheezy</a> was waiting in my mail box.  This is a great
4040 Debian release, and I expect to move my machines at home over to it fairly
4041 soon.</p>
4042
4043 <p>The new debian release contain heaps of new stuff, and one program
4044 in particular make me very happy to see included.  The
4045 <a href="http://scratch.mit.edu/">Scratch</a> program, made famous by
4046 the <a href="http://www.code.org/">Teach kids code</a> movement, is
4047 included for the first time.  Alongside similar programs like
4048 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/kturtle/">kturtle</a> and
4049 <a href="http://wiki.sugarlabs.org/go/Activities/Turtle_Art">turtleart</a>,
4050 it allow for visual programming where syntax errors can not happen,
4051 and a friendly programming environment for learning to control the
4052 computer.  Scratch will also be included in the next release of Debian
4053 Edu.</a>
4054
4055 <p>And now that Wheezy is wrapped up, we can wrap up the next Debian
4056 Edu/Skolelinux release too.  The
4057 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/2013/04/msg00132.html">first
4058 alpha release</a> went out last week, and the next should soon
4059 follow.<p>
4060
4061       </div>
4062       <div class="tags">
4063
4064
4065         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4066
4067
4068       </div>
4069     </div>
4070     <div class="padding"></div>
4071
4072     <div class="entry">
4073       <div class="title">
4074         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">First alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
4075       </div>
4076       <div class="date">
4077         26th April 2013
4078       </div>
4079       <div class="body">
4080         <p>The Debian Edu / Skolelinux project is still going strong and made
4081 its first Wheezy based release today.  This is the release
4082 announcement:</p>
4083
4084 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu ~7.0.0 alpha0 released
4085 2013-04-26</strong></p>
4086
4087 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux ~7.0.0
4088 edu alpha0, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
4089
4090 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
4091
4092 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
4093 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
4094 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
4095 network. Immediatly after installation a school server running all
4096 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
4097 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
4098 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
4099 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
4100 installed via the network.</p>
4101
4102 <p>This is the first test release based on Wheezy (which currently is
4103 not released yet). Basically this is an updated and slightly improved
4104 version compared to the Squeeze release.</p>
4105
4106 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
4107
4108 <ul>
4109 <li>Everything which is new in Debian Wheezy, eg:
4110   <ul>
4111      <li>Linux kernel 3.2.x</li>
4112      <li>Desktop environments KDE "Plasma" 4.8.4, GNOME 3.4, and LXDE 4
4113          (KDE is installed by default; to choose GNOME or LXDE: see
4114          manual.)</li>
4115      <li>Web browser Iceweasel 10 ESR</li>
4116      <li>LibreOffice 3.5.4</li>
4117      <li>LTSP 5.4.2</li>
4118      <li>GOsa 2.7.4</li>
4119      <li>CUPS print system 1.5.3</li>
4120      <li>Educational toolbox GCompris 12.01</li>
4121      <li>Music creator Rosegarden 12.04</li>
4122      <li>Image editor Gimp 2.8.2</li>
4123      <li>Virtual universe Celestia 1.6.1</li>
4124      <li>Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.11.3</li>
4125      <li>Scratch visual programming environment 1.4.0.6</li>
4126      <li>New version of debian-installer from Debian Wheezy, see
4127          <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/installmanual">installation
4128          manual</a> for more details.</li>
4129      <li>Debian Wheezy includes about 37000 packages available for
4130          installation.</li>
4131      <li>More information about Debian Wheezy 7.0 is provided in the
4132          <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/releasenotes">release notes</a> and the <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/installmanual">installation manual</a>.</li>
4133   </ul></li>
4134 </ul>
4135
4136 <p><strong>Documentation</strong></p>
4137 <ul>
4138 <li>The (<a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy">English</a>) Debian Edu Wheezy Manual is fully translated to
4139     German, French, Italian and Danish. Partly translated versions exist
4140     for Norwegian Bokmal and Spanish.</li>
4141 </ul>
4142
4143 <p><Strong>LDAP related changes</strong></p>
4144 <ul>
4145 <li>Slight changes to some objects and acls to have more types to
4146     choose from when adding systems in GOsa. Now systems can be of type
4147     server, workstation, printer, terminal or netdevice.</li>
4148 </ul>
4149
4150 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
4151 <ul>
4152 <li>LTSP clients start as diskless workstation / thin client can be
4153     configured via command line argument -- or individually adding an
4154     entry in lts.conf or LDAP.<li>
4155 <li>GOsa gui: Now some options that seemed to be available, but are non
4156     functional, are greyed out (or are not clickable). Some tabs are
4157     completely hidden to the end user, others even to the GOsa admin.</li>
4158 </ul>
4159
4160 <p><strong>Regressions</strong></p>
4161 <ul>
4162 <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv) available
4163     yet.</li>
4164 </ul>
4165
4166 <p><strong>No updated artwork</strong></p>
4167
4168 <ul>
4169 <li>Updated artwork which is visible during installation, in the login
4170     screen and as desktop wallpaper is still missing or the same as we
4171     had for our Squeeze based release.</li>
4172 </ul>
4173
4174 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
4175
4176 To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use
4177 <ul>
4178 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</a></li>
4179 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</a></li>
4180 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</li>
4181 </ul>
4182
4183 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: c5e773ddafdaa4f48c409c682f598b6c</p>
4184
4185 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 25934fabb9b7d20235499a0a51f08ce6c54215f2</p>
4186
4187 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
4188
4189 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
4190
4191       </div>
4192       <div class="tags">
4193
4194
4195         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4196
4197
4198       </div>
4199     </div>
4200     <div class="padding"></div>
4201
4202     <div class="entry">
4203       <div class="title">
4204         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_developer_gathering_in_2013_take_place_in_Trondheim.html">First Debian Edu / Skolelinux developer gathering in 2013 take place in Trondheim</a>
4205       </div>
4206       <div class="date">
4207         16th April 2013
4208       </div>
4209       <div class="body">
4210         <p>This years first <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux /
4211 Debian Edu</a> developer gathering take place the coming weekend in Trondheim.
4212 Details about the gathering can be found
4213 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering/2013-04-19-21-Trondheim">on
4214 the FRiSK wiki</a>.  The dates are 19-21th of April 2013, and online
4215 participation for those unable to make it in person is very welcome,
4216 and I plan to participate online myself as I could not leave Oslo this
4217 weekend.</p>
4218
4219 <p>The focus of the gathering is to work on the web pages and project
4220 infrastructure, and to continue the work on the Wheezy based Debian
4221 Edu release.</p>
4222
4223 <p>See you on <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">IRC, #debian-edu on irc.debian.org,</a> then?</p>
4224
4225       </div>
4226       <div class="tags">
4227
4228
4229         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4230
4231
4232       </div>
4233     </div>
4234     <div class="padding"></div>
4235
4236     <div class="entry">
4237       <div class="title">
4238         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_6_got_a_video_review_from_Pcwizz.html">Skolelinux 6 got a video review from Pcwizz</a>
4239       </div>
4240       <div class="date">
4241         17th March 2013
4242       </div>
4243       <div class="body">
4244         <p>Via
4245 <a href="https://twitter.com/pcwizz/status/313044373262716930">twitter</a>
4246 I just discovered that <a href="http://pcwizz.net/">Pcwizz</a> have
4247 done a <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wPzTZ61Pcuc">video
4248 review</a> on Youtube of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux
4249 / Debian Edu</a> version 6.  He installed the standalone profile and
4250 the video show a walk-through of of the menu content, demonstration of
4251 a few programs and his view of our distribution.</p>
4252
4253 <p>There is also some really nice quotes (transcribed by me, might
4254 have heard wrong).  While looking thought the Graphics menu:</p>
4255
4256 <blockquote>
4257 "Basically everything you ever need in a school environment."
4258 </blockquote>
4259
4260 <p>And as a general evaluation of the entire distribution:</p>
4261
4262 <blockquote>
4263 "So, yeah, a bit bloated.  It kept all the Debian stuff in there, just
4264 to keep it nice and GNU.  So, I do not want to go on about it, but
4265 lets give it 7 out of 10.  I am not going to use it.  That is because
4266 I am not deploying a school network.  There may be some mythical
4267 feature to help you deploy Skolelinux on a school network."
4268 </blockquote>
4269
4270 <p>To bad he did not test the server profile, and discovered the PXE
4271 installation option.  It make it possible to install only the main
4272 server from CD, and the rest of the machines via the net, and might be
4273 considered the mythical feature he talk about. :)</p>
4274
4275 <p>While looking through the menus, there is also this funny comment
4276 about the part of the K menu generated from the Debian menu subsystem:
4277
4278 <blockquote>
4279 "[The K menu] have a special Debian section for software that no-one
4280 is going to look at, because it contain lots of junky stuff that you
4281 actually don't need in the education distribution, but have just been
4282 included because it isn't stripped out for some reason."
4283 </blockquote>
4284
4285 <p>I guess it is yet another argument for merging the Debian menu and
4286 Gnome/KDE desktop menu entries into
4287 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/Proposals/DebianMenuUsingDesktopEntries">one
4288 consistent menu system</a> instead of two incomplete and partly
4289 inconsistent menu systems.</p>
4290
4291 <p>The entire video is available below for those accepting iframe
4292 embedding:</p>
4293
4294 <iframe width="560" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/wPzTZ61Pcuc" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
4295
4296       </div>
4297       <div class="tags">
4298
4299
4300         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
4301
4302
4303       </div>
4304     </div>
4305     <div class="padding"></div>
4306
4307     <div class="entry">
4308       <div class="title">
4309         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_Squeeze_update_released.html">First Skolelinux / Debian Edu Squeeze update released</a>
4310       </div>
4311       <div class="date">
4312          8th March 2013
4313       </div>
4314       <div class="body">
4315         <p>Last Sunday, 2013-03-03,, Holger Levsen announced the first update
4316 of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
4317 based on Debian Squeeze.  This is the first update since
4318 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">the
4319 initial release 2012-03-11</a>.  This is the
4320 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2013/03/msg00000.html">release
4321 announcement email from Holger</a>:</p>
4322
4323 <blockquote><p>Hi,</p>
4324
4325 <p>it's my pleasure to announce the immediate availability of Debian
4326 Edu 6.0.7+r1 ("Debian Edu Squeeze").</p>
4327
4328 <p>Debian Edu 6.0.7+r1 is an incremental update to Debian Edu
4329 6.0.4+r0, containing all the changes between Debian 6.0.4 and 6.0.7 as
4330 well Debian Edu specific bugfixes and enhancements. See below (in this
4331 mail) for the full list of (edu) changes.  Please see
4332 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311">http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311</a>
4333 for more information on "Debian Edu Squeeze".</p>
4334
4335 <p>Images are available for download at
4336 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/</a></p>
4337
4338 <p>md5sums:
4339 <br>1fe79eb4f0f9ae1c58fc318e26cc1e2e  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-CD.iso
4340 <br>a6ddd924a8bd9a1b5ca122e8fe1c34ec  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-DVD.iso
4341 <br>ac6c72cd7925ccec51bfbf58e2a7c69c  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-source-DVD.iso</p>
4342
4343 <p>sha1sums:
4344 <br>a4b58233b672a99c7df8dc24fb6de3327654a5c3  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-CD.iso
4345 <br>9b524915e0ff2aa793f13d93123e5bd2bab2dbaa  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-DVD.iso
4346 <br>43997614893fc5e9e59ad6ce066b05d07fd836fa  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-source-DVD.iso</p>
4347
4348 <p>These images are suitable for amd64+i386.</p>
4349
4350 <p>Changes for Debian Edu 6.0.7+r1 Codename "Squeeze", released
4351 2013-03-03:</p>
4352
4353 <ul>
4354   <li>sitesummary was updated from 0.1.3 to 0.1.8
4355   <ul>
4356         <li>Make Nagios configuration more robust and efficient</li>
4357         <li>Comply with 3.X kernel</li>
4358   </ul></li>
4359   <li>debian-edu-doc from 1.4~20120310~6.0.4+r0 to 1.4~20130228~6.0.7+r1
4360   <ul>
4361         <li>Minor updates from the wiki</li>
4362         <li>Danish translation now complete</li>
4363   </ul></li>
4364   <li>debian-edu-config from 1.453 to 1.455
4365      <ul>
4366         <li>Fix /etc/hosts for LTSP diskless workstations. Closes: #699880</li>
4367         <li>Make ltsp_local_mount script work for multiple devices.</li>
4368         <li>Correct Kerberos user policy: don't expire password after 2 days.
4369                 Closes: #664596</li>
4370         <li>Handle '#' characters in the root or first users password.
4371                 Closes: #664976</li>
4372         <li>Fixes for gosa-sync:
4373            <ul>
4374                 <li>Don't fail if password contains "</li>
4375                 <li>Don't disclose new password string in syslog</li>
4376            </ul></li>
4377         <li>Fixes for gosa-create:
4378            <ul>
4379                 <li>Invalidate libnss cache before applying changes</li>
4380                 <li>Multiple failures during mass user import into GOsa²</li>
4381                 <li>gosa-netgroups plugin: don't erase entries of attribute type
4382                          "memberNisNetgroup". Closes: #687256</li>
4383                 <li>First user now uses the same Kerberos policy as all other users</li>
4384            </ul></li>
4385         <li>Add Danish web page</li>
4386     </ul>
4387   <li>debian-edu-install from 1.528 to 1.530
4388     <ul>
4389         <li>Improve preseeding support and documentation</li>
4390     </ul></li>
4391 </ul>
4392
4393 <p>End-user documentation in English is available at
4394 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/</a>
4395 - translations to French, Italian, Danish and German are available in
4396 the debian-edu-doc package. (Other languages could use your help!)</p>
4397
4398 <p>If you want to contribute to Debian Edu, please join our
4399 mailinglist
4400 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@lists.debian.org</a>!
4401 </p></blockquote>
4402
4403 <p>I am very happy to see the fruits of a year of hard work. :)</p>
4404
4405       </div>
4406       <div class="tags">
4407
4408
4409         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4410
4411
4412       </div>
4413     </div>
4414     <div class="padding"></div>
4415
4416     <div class="entry">
4417       <div class="title">
4418         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Helge_Tore_H_yland.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Helge Tore Høyland</a>
4419       </div>
4420       <div class="date">
4421         22nd February 2013
4422       </div>
4423       <div class="body">
4424         <p>Etter en lang pause og travle uker har jeg endelig klart å få
4425 samlet et nytt intervju med en av folkene i
4426 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet.
4427 Denne gang er det Helge Tore Høyland, en mangeårig bidragsyter på
4428 epostlistene og ellers i prosjektet.</p>
4429
4430 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
4431
4432 <p>Eg er IT-konsulent/teknikker hjå eit firma i Steinkjer med navn
4433 <a href="http://unoit.no/">Uno IT</a>.  Uno IT er eit lite firma som
4434 drifter nettverk og maskiner for små og mellomstore firma
4435 Steinkjer-området. Per dags dato er me 2 ansatte. Min faglege bakgrunn
4436 er Fagbrev som it-teknikker, samt nokre fag innen nettverk- og
4437 server-drift frå HiST og NTNU. Dagleg arbeid består i oppsett av nye
4438 maskiner og hjelp til sluttbrukere, samt oppsett og vedlikehold av eit
4439 vidt spekter av fagsystemer ute hjå kunder. Erfaring med Skolelinux
4440 har eg hatt i forbindelse med drifting av
4441 <a href="http://www.bjorkly.no/">Bjørkly skule</a>, ein privat
4442 grunnskule i Namsos-området.  I dag har skulen 65 elever, 15 lærere, 1
4443 hovedserver og ca 60 klienter som kjører halvtjukt.  Eg har bygd og
4444 driftet systemet sidan summaren 2006.</p>
4445
4446 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
4447
4448 <p>Eg kom i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet via ein artikkel i eit
4449 fagblad, som eg ikkje lenger hugsar namnet på.  I og med at eg allereie
4450 hadde pusla med nettverk for ein annan skule, fatta eg straks
4451 interesse for prosjektet.</p>
4452
4453 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
4454
4455 <p>Fordelane med Skolelinux er sentralisert administrasjon og svært
4456 mange gode verktøy «ut av boksen». Veldig kjekt å kunne drifte 60
4457 klientar med berre å «bry» seg med ein server. Levetid for systemets
4458 hardware er og ein veldig fin effekt. I tillegg kjem fordelar som økt
4459 sikkerhet og mindre lisenskostnader. Etter min erfaring er det og
4460 mykje mindre driftskostnader med eit slikt system enn konkurrerande
4461 system, pga enkelhet med sentralisert administrasjon. På grunn av at
4462 Skolelinux er basert på Debian er det òg svært stabilt.</p>
4463
4464 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
4465
4466 <p>Ulemper er mangel på vilje til å følge standarer ute i markedet,
4467 som fører til mangel på støtte til nokre mykje brukte ting. Flash og
4468 Java er typiske eksempel. Sidan Debian satsar på stabilitet framfor å
4469 ha nyeste pakke av eit program, kan ein i nokre tilfeller kome borti
4470 at program vert «for gamle». Det er spesielt nettlesaren som er
4471 utsett. Mangel på vilje til å utvikle pedagogisk programvare, i Noreg,
4472 for «alle» platformer fører òg til noko hovudbry.</p>
4473
4474 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
4475
4476 <p>Til dagleg bruker eg svært mange forskjellige «fri programvare»
4477 program.  Firefox, Thunderbird, Freecommander, ImgBurn, Clonezilla,
4478 OCS inventory, Icinga, Skolelinux, SystemRescueCD og mykje meir.</p>
4479
4480 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
4481 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
4482
4483 <p>Strategisk må ein fokusere på at sluttbruker eigentleg ikkje er så
4484 fokusert på at det er fri programvare men at det skal «berre fungere».
4485 Gjer det enkelt å bruker og ikkje minst å administrere. For Skolelinux
4486 sin del må ein få eit betre fokus på overganger. Utbytting av servere
4487 må gå meir automatisk, import og eksport av brukerbase og maskinbase
4488 med meir må kunne gå enkelt og oppgradering til neste versjon må bli
4489 mykje meir automatisk og gjennomtesta. Ein må unngå at ein må sette
4490 opp frå start når ein byter ut ein server eller oppgraderer til neste
4491 versjon. For å få Skolelinux til å bli eit betre alternativ for skular
4492 må ein ha fokus på nettlesaren. Denne må bli «up to date» og støtte
4493 dei protokollar og tillegg som vert brukt av forlag med meir.  Etter
4494 kvart som meir og meir blir flytta ut i «skya» vert dette viktigare og
4495 viktigare. Ein kunne ynskje og jobbe for at forlag med fleire tar i
4496 bruk opne standarer, men inntil det skjer, må systemet kunne brukast
4497 mot desse fagsystema.</p>
4498
4499 <p>For meg har prosjektet med Skolelinux vore ein svært artig og
4500 lærerik prosess. Miljøet rundt er ikkje enormt stort, dog stort nok,
4501 men det er svært hjelpevillig og engasjert.</p>
4502
4503       </div>
4504       <div class="tags">
4505
4506
4507         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4508
4509
4510       </div>
4511     </div>
4512     <div class="padding"></div>
4513
4514     <div class="entry">
4515       <div class="title">
4516         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_Christmas_present_for_Skolelinux___Debian_Edu.html">A Christmas present for Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
4517       </div>
4518       <div class="date">
4519         28th December 2012
4520       </div>
4521       <div class="body">
4522         <p>I was happy to discover a few days ago that the
4523 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
4524 project also this year received a Christmas present from Another
4525 Agency in Trondheim.  NOK 1000,- showed up on our donation account
4526 December 24th.  I want to express our thanks for this very welcome
4527 present.  As the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project is very short on
4528 funding these days, and thus lack the money to do regular developer
4529 gatherings, this donation was most welcome.  One developer gathering
4530 cost around NOK 15&nbsp;000,-, so we need quite a lot more to keep the
4531 development pace we want.  Thus, I hope their example this year is
4532 followed by many others. :)</p>
4533
4534 <p>The public list of donors can be found on
4535 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/donations.html">the
4536 donation page</a> for the project, which also contain instructions if
4537 you want to donate to the project.</p>
4538
4539       </div>
4540       <div class="tags">
4541
4542
4543         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4544
4545
4546       </div>
4547     </div>
4548     <div class="padding"></div>
4549
4550     <div class="entry">
4551       <div class="title">
4552         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ledger___double_entry_accounting_using_text_based_storage_format.html">Ledger - double-entry accounting using text based storage format</a>
4553       </div>
4554       <div class="date">
4555         18th December 2012
4556       </div>
4557       <div class="body">
4558         <p>A few days ago I came across
4559 <a href="http://joeyh.name/blog/entry/hledger/">a blog post from Joey
4560 Hess</a> describing <a href="http://ledger-cli.org/">ledger</a> and
4561 hledger, a text based system for double-entry accounting.  I found it
4562 interesting, as I am involved with several organizations where
4563 accounting is an issue, and I have not really become too friendly with
4564 the different web based systems we use.  I find it hard to find what I
4565 look for in the menus and even harder try to get sensible data out of
4566 the systems.  Ledger seem different.  The accounting data is kept in
4567 text files that can be stored in a version control system, and there
4568
4569 are at least <a href="https://github.com/ledger/ledger/wiki/Ports">five
4570 different implementations</a> able to read the format.  An example
4571 entry look like this, and is simple enough that it will be trivial to
4572 generate entries based on CVS files fetched from the bank:</p>
4573
4574 <blockquote><pre>
4575 2004-05-27 Book Store
4576       Expenses:Books                 $20.00
4577       Liabilities:Visa
4578 </pre></blockquote>
4579
4580 <p>The concept seemed interesting enough for me to check it out and
4581 look for others using it.  I found blog posts from
4582 <a href="http://blog.spang.cc/posts/hledger_rocks_my_world/">Christine
4583 Spang</a>,
4584 <a href="http://bugsplat.info/2010-05-23-keeping-finances-with-ledger.html">Pete
4585 Keen</a>,
4586 <a href="http://blog.andrewcantino.com/blog/2010/11/06/command-line-accounting-with-ledger-and-reckon/">Andrew
4587 Cantino</a> and
4588 <a href="http://blog.iphoting.com/blog/2012/11/29/command-line-double-entry-accounting/">Ronald
4589 Ip</a> describing how they use it, as well as a post from
4590 <a href="https://groups.google.com/forum/?fromgroups=#!topic/ledger-cli/r0oWjwbQ9Bo">Bradley
4591 M. Kuhn</a> at the Software Freedom Conservancy.  All seemed like good
4592 recommendations fitting my need.</p>
4593
4594 <p>The <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/l/ledger.html">ledger</a>
4595 package is available in Debian Squeeze, while the
4596 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/h/haskell-hledger.html">hledger</a>
4597 package only is available in Debian Sid.  As I use Squeeze, ledger
4598 seemed the best choice to get started.</p>
4599
4600 <p>To get some real data to test on, I wrote a
4601 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/tools/lodo2ledger">web scraper</a> for
4602 <a href="http://www.lodo.no/">LODO</a>, the accounting system used by
4603 the <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">NUUG</a> association, and started to
4604 play with the data set.  I'm not really deeply into accounting, but I
4605 am able to get a simple balance and accounting status for example
4606 using the "<tt>ledger balance</tt>" command.  But I will have to
4607 gather more experience before I know if the ledger way is a good fit
4608 for the organisations I am involved in.</p>
4609
4610       </div>
4611       <div class="tags">
4612
4613
4614         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
4615
4616
4617       </div>
4618     </div>
4619     <div class="padding"></div>
4620
4621     <div class="entry">
4622       <div class="title">
4623         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Angela_Fu_.html">Debian Edu interview: Angela Fuß</a>
4624       </div>
4625       <div class="date">
4626         14th November 2012
4627       </div>
4628       <div class="body">
4629         <p>Here is another interview with one of the people in the <a
4630 href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
4631 community.  I am running short on people willing to be interviewed, so
4632 if you know about someone I should interview, Please send me an email.
4633 After asking for many months, I finally managed to lure another one of
4634 the people behind the German
4635 "<a href="http://wiki.it-zukunft-schule.de/">IT-Zukunft Schule</a>"
4636 project out from maternity leave to conduct an interview.  Give a warm
4637 welcome to Angela Fuß. :)</p>
4638
4639 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4640
4641 <p>I am a 39-year-old woman living in the very north of Germany near
4642 Denmark. I live in a patchwork family with "my man" Mike Gabriel, my
4643 two daughters, Mikes daughter and Mikes and my rather newborn son.
4644
4645 <p>At the moment - because of our little baby - I am spending most of
4646 the day by being a caring and organising mom for all the kids.
4647 Besides that I am really involved into and occupied with several inner
4648 growth processes: New born souls always bring the whole familiar
4649 system into movement and that needs time and focus ;-).  We are also
4650 in the middle of buying a house and moving to it.</p>
4651
4652 <p>In 2013 I will work again in my job in a German foundation for
4653 nature conservation. I am doing public relation work there.  Besides
4654 that - and that is the connection to Skolelinux / Debian Edu - I am
4655 working in our own school project "IT-Zukunft Schule" in North
4656 Germany. I am responsible for the quality assurance, the customer
4657 relationship management and the communication processes in the
4658 project.</p>
4659
4660 <p>Since 2001 I constantly have been training myself in communication
4661 and leadership. Besides that I am a forester, a landscaping gardener
4662 and a yoga teacher.</p>
4663
4664 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
4665 project?</strong></p>
4666
4667 <p>I fell in love with Mike ;-).</p>
4668
4669 <p>Very soon after getting to know him I was completely enrolled into
4670 Free Software.  At this time Mike did IT-services for one newly
4671 founded school in Kiel. Other schools in Kiel needed concepts for
4672 their IT environment.  Often when Mike came home from working at the
4673 newly founded school I found myself listening to his complaints about
4674 several points where the communication with the schools head or the
4675 teachers did not work.  So we were clear that he would not work for
4676 one more school if we did not set up a structure for communication
4677 between him, the schools head, the teachers, the students and the
4678 parents.</p>
4679
4680 <p>Together with our friend and hardware supplier Andreas Buchholz we
4681 started to get an overview of free software solutions suitable for
4682 schools. One day before Christmas 2010 Mike and I had a date with Kurt
4683 Gramlich in Gütersloh. As Kurt and I are really interested in building
4684 networks of people and in being in communication we dived into
4685 Skolelinux and brought it to the first grammar schools in Northern
4686 Germany.</p>
4687
4688 <p>For information about our school project you can read
4689 <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Mike_Gabriel.html">the
4690 interview with Mike Gabriel</a>.</p>
4691
4692 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
4693 Edu?</strong></p>
4694
4695 <p>First I have to say: I cannot answer this question technically. My
4696 answer comes rather from a social point of view.</p>
4697
4698 <p>The biggest advantage of Skolelinux / Debian Edu I see is the large
4699 and strong international community of Debian Developers in the
4700 background which is very alive and connected over mailinglists, blogs
4701 and meetings. My constant feeling for the Debian Community is: If
4702 something does not work they will somehow fix it. All is well
4703 ;-). This is of course a user experience.  What I also get as a big
4704 advantage of Skolelinux / Debian Edu is that everybody who uses it and
4705 works with it can also contribute to it - that includes students,
4706 teachers, parents...</p>
4707
4708 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
4709 Edu?</strong></p>
4710
4711 <p>I will answer this question relating to the internal structure of
4712 Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
4713
4714 <p>What I see as a major disadvantage is that there is a gap between
4715 the group of developers for Debian Edu and the people who make the
4716 marketing, that means the people that bring Skolelinux to the
4717 schools. There is a lack of communication between these two groups and
4718 I think that does not really work for Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
4719
4720 <p>Further I appreciate that Skolelinux / Debian Edu is known as a
4721 do-ocracy. Nevertheless I keep asking myself if at some points a
4722 democracy or some kind of hierarchical project structure would be good
4723 and helpful.  I am also missing some kind of contact between the
4724 Skolelinux / Debian Edu communities in Europe or on an international
4725 level. I think it would be good if there was more sharing between the
4726 different countries using Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
4727
4728 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4729
4730 <p>On my laptop I am still using an Ubuntu 10.04 with a Gnome Desktop
4731 on.  As applications I use Openoffice.org, Gedit, Firefox, Pidgin,
4732 LaTeX and GnuCash. For mails I am using Horde. And I am really fond of
4733 my N900 running with Maemo.</p>
4734
4735 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4736 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4737
4738 <p>I am really convinced that in our school project "IT-Zukunft
4739 Schule" we have developed (and keep developing) a great way to get
4740 schools to use Free Software. We have written a detailed concept for
4741 that so I cannot explain the whole thing here. But in a nutshell the
4742 strategy has three crucial pillars:</p>
4743
4744 <ul>
4745
4746 <li>We really take time to get what sort of stories, questions and
4747 concerns the schools head and the teachers have about using different
4748 kinds of IT and we take time to enrol them into Free Software.</li>
4749
4750 <li>Our solution for schools is never just technical. In the centre
4751 are always the people who are going to use the software. From the very
4752 beginning of the planning for a school, we tell the schools head that
4753 they are paying us not only for a technical solution for their school,
4754 they also pay us for leading all the communication processes
4755 needed. If they do not want that, we are not working with them because
4756 we cannot give a guarantee for the quality of our work then.</li>
4757
4758 <li>Another focus lies in the training of teachers and students in
4759 co-administrating the IT-System at their school. They start getting in
4760 contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu community and they get the
4761 offer to become more and more independent from us.</li>
4762
4763 </ul>
4764
4765       </div>
4766       <div class="tags">
4767
4768
4769         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4770
4771
4772       </div>
4773     </div>
4774     <div class="padding"></div>
4775
4776     <div class="entry">
4777       <div class="title">
4778         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_noe_for_Ballangen___Leserinnlegg_til_avisen_Fremover_.html">Skolelinux noe for Ballangen? (Leserinnlegg til avisen Fremover)</a>
4779       </div>
4780       <div class="date">
4781         14th October 2012
4782       </div>
4783       <div class="body">
4784         <p>Tirsdag 2012-10-09 sendte jeg følgende leserinnlegg til avisen
4785 <a href="http://www.fremover.no/">Fremover</a>, etter å ha vært nordpå
4786 noen dager og lest noen gamle aviser.  Publiserer den her i sin helhet
4787 for fremtidig referanse.  Fremover publiserer dessverre ikke
4788 leserinnlegg på nett.</p>
4789
4790 <blockquote>
4791 <p>To: redaksjon (at) fremover.no
4792 <br>Subject: Leserinnlegg til Fremover: Skolelinux noe for Ballangen?</p>
4793
4794 <p>Ærede redaktør</p>
4795
4796 <p>I sommer (2012-07-23) hadde Fremover et oppslag om at Narvik
4797 kommune hadde spart mellom 10 og 20 millioner kroner de siste årene på
4798 å bruke Skolelinux på sine skoler.  Harstad har også tatt i bruk
4799 Skolelinux på alle sine skoler.  Som tidligere Ballangsværing gledet
4800 det meg stort å se at skoleløsningen vi har utviklet siden 2001 tas i
4801 bruk i området der jeg vokste opp, og dermed bidrar til en bedre og
4802 billigere skolehverdag.</p>
4803
4804 <p>Skolelinux er en komplett IT-løsning for elevnettverket på en
4805 skole, med både nettverkstjenester og løsning for elevmaskiner med
4806 pedagogisk programvare, som tillater en å øke levetiden på en
4807 datamaskin i skolen med mange år.  En undersøkelse publisert i mars
4808 2012 viste at de 56 norske skolene som har offentliggjort at de bruker
4809 Skolelinux eller annen Linuxutgave hadde 36% større PC-tetthet enn
4810 landsgjennomsnittet, når en ser på tall rapportert til Grunnskolens
4811 Informasjonssystem.  I følge Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken, IKT-konsulent i
4812 Nord-Odal, fungerer datamaskiner godt til de er 8 til 10 år gamle.</p>
4813
4814 <p>I høst (2012-09-29) fortalte Fremover hvordan Ballangen kommune har
4815 opparbeidet seg 20 millioner i underskudd og nok havner på Robek-lista
4816 fra nyttår.  Kanskje Ballangen også burde ta i bruk Skolelinux for å
4817 spare penger?  Hvis kommunen mangler kompetanse lokalt på Linux finnes
4818 det kommersielle selskaper som tilbyr driftstjenester rundt
4819 Skolelinux, og jeg bør vel avsløre at jeg selv er involvert i et av
4820 dem, Skolelinux Drift AS.  Kommunen kan dermed få hjelp hvis de ikke
4821 ønsker å bygge opp egen kompetanse.</p>
4822
4823 <p>Vennlig hilsen
4824 <br>Petter Reinholdtsen
4825 <br>Fri programvareutvikler</p>
4826
4827 <p>Referanser:</p>
4828
4829 <ul>
4830
4831 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html">https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html</a></li>
4832 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html</a></li>
4833
4834 </ul>
4835
4836 </blockquote>
4837
4838 <p>Innlegget ble så vidt jeg vet trykket i papirutgaven et par dager
4839 senere, men jeg har ikke sett det selv.</p>
4840
4841       </div>
4842       <div class="tags">
4843
4844
4845         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4846
4847
4848       </div>
4849     </div>
4850     <div class="padding"></div>
4851
4852     <div class="entry">
4853       <div class="title">
4854         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Trengs_flere_frivillige_til_korrektur_av_den_frie_norske_stavekontrollen.html">Trengs flere frivillige til korrektur av den frie norske stavekontrollen</a>
4855       </div>
4856       <div class="date">
4857         13th October 2012
4858       </div>
4859       <div class="body">
4860         <p><a href="http://no.speling.org/">Den frie norske stavekontrollen</a>
4861 består av ca. 1,3 millioner bokmåls- og nynorskord.  Det er mange
4862 kilder til ordene, f.eks. den norske ordbanken, norske nett-aviser,
4863 stavekontrollbrukere og korrekturlesere, og endel feil har sneket seg
4864 inn i databasen over ord.  For å finne og fikse feilene trengs det
4865 korrekturlesing.  Her kommer frivillige inn.</p>
4866
4867 <p>Hvis du vil bidra med korrektur av orddatabasen, kan du melde deg
4868 frivillig som bokmåls- eller nynorskkorrekturleser og få tilsendt en
4869 liten bunke ord på epost hver dag, lese over og sende inn på epost
4870 tilbake til korrekturlesing-systemet.  Jo flere som sjekker, jo
4871 raskere kommer vi igjennom hele databasen.  Så langt har vi oppdaget
4872 341 bokmålsord og 50 nynorskord som ikke skal vært med i databasen.
4873 Det er nok noen flere.  I tillegg har korrekturleserne oppdaget flere
4874 ord som manglet, og fått lagt dem inn i stavekontrollen.</p>
4875
4876 <p>Hvis du vil bidra, følg instruksene på
4877 <a href="http://no.speling.org/dokumentasjon.html">prosjektsidene</a>
4878
4879 for nye bidragsytere, og ta kontakt med Håvard eller epostlisten
4880 <a href="https://lister.ping.uio.no/mailman/listinfo/i18n-no">i18n-no</a>.
4881 Gode norskkunnskaper er en fordel, og vilje til å sjekke
4882 <a href="http://www.nob-ordbok.uio.no/perl/ordbok.cgi">ordboka</a> et
4883 krav!</p>
4884
4885       </div>
4886       <div class="tags">
4887
4888
4889         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
4890
4891
4892       </div>
4893     </div>
4894     <div class="padding"></div>
4895
4896     <div class="entry">
4897       <div class="title">
4898         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ny_utgave__v2_1__av_den_frie_norske_stavekontrollen_gitt_ut.html">Ny utgave (v2.1) av den frie norske stavekontrollen gitt ut</a>
4899       </div>
4900       <div class="date">
4901          2nd October 2012
4902       </div>
4903       <div class="body">
4904         <p>I helga fikk jeg endelig pakket sammen en ny versjon av den norske
4905 stavekontrollen, og gikk ut versjon 2.1 etter at det var gått fire og
4906 et halvt år siden sist.  I dag fikk vi sendt ut annonseringen.  Her er
4907 det vi sendte ut:</p>
4908
4909 <p>Oslo, 2012-10-02</p>
4910
4911 <p><strong>Pressemelding: Ny utgave av norsk stavekontroll med
4912 synonymordliste</strong></p>
4913
4914 <p>Mer enn fire år etter at forrige utgave av den frie norske
4915 stavekontrollen ble utgitt, er en ny og forbedret versjon klar. Dette er
4916 noe utviklerne er veldig glade for.</p>
4917
4918 <p>Den største endringen er at byggesystemet for stavekontrollen er
4919 skrevet om til å akseptere ord med bindestrek (f.eks. «e-post»). Litt
4920 over 10.000 slike ordformer er lagt til i orddatabasen. I tillegg er
4921 det kommet en del nye ord og rettelser rapportert inn av de frivillige
4922 som gjennomfører korrektur av orddatabasen i prosjektet. For å få
4923 fortgang i dette korrekturarbeidet er det fint med flere frivillige
4924 som kan bidra i prosjektet.</p>
4925
4926 <p><blockquote>
4927  - En god og fritt tilgjengelig stavekontroll er en viktig byggestein
4928    for å fremme bruken av korrekt norsk språk, sier prosjektdeltager
4929    Petter Reinholdtsen.
4930 </blockquote></p>
4931
4932 <p>Takket være samarbeidet med synonymordlisteprosjektet er
4933 synonymordlista for bokmål tilgjengelig sammen med ordlista for bokmål
4934 og nynorsk. En synonymordliste for nynorsk er også med, men den er på
4935 prøvestadiet og meget liten.</p>
4936
4937 <p>Stavekontrollpakken og synonymordlistene brukes i
4938 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org, Koffice, Mozilla Thunderbird, Firefox og
4939 en rekke andre programmer, og på både Windows, Mac OS X, Linux og
4940 BSD.</p>
4941
4942 <p>Det hele utgis under den frie lisensen GPL og kan fritt lastes ned
4943 fra prosjektsidene på
4944 <a href="http://no.speling.org">no.speling.org</a>. Ferdige pakker for
4945 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org er også tilgjengelige fra samme sted.</p>
4946
4947 <p>Det norske stavekontrollprosjektet er i kontakt med lignende
4948 prosjekter for blant annet å forbedre stavekontrollteknologien, å
4949 utveksle verktøy for vedlikehold av orddatabasen og å få tilgang til
4950 relevante datasett. Et av disse prosjektene er et separat prosjekt ved
4951 Sametinget som er i gang med å utvikle samisk stavekontroll for blant
4952 annet Microsoft Word og OpenOffice.org.</p>
4953
4954 <p>Et søsterprosjekt for å lage grammatikk-kontroll for
4955 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org er igangsatt, men har ennå ikke kommet
4956 langt nok til å brukes. Frivillige til å bidra i dette prosjektet er
4957 også svært velkomne.</p>
4958
4959 <p><strong>Kontaktperson</strong></p>
4960
4961 <p><blockquote>
4962 Axel Bojer, prosjektdeltager
4963 <br>E-post: fri_programvare (at) bojer.no
4964 <br>Tlf: +47 954 32 417
4965 </blockquote></p>
4966
4967 <p><strong>Referanser</strong></p>
4968
4969 <ul>
4970
4971 <li>Det frie norske stavekontrollprosjektet for bokmål og nynorsk:
4972     <a href="http://no.speling.org">http://no.speling.org</a></li>
4973 <li>Samiske korrekturverktøy:
4974     <a href="http://divvun.no/">http://divvun.no/</a></li>
4975 <li>Ordlistene fra Norsk ordbank:
4976     <a href="http://www.edd.uio.no/prosjekt/ordbanken/">http://www.edd.uio.no/prosjekt/ordbanken/</a></li>
4977 <li>Last ned ordlistene:
4978     <a href="http://alioth.debian.org/frs/?group_id=30577">http://alioth.debian.org/frs/?group_id=30577</a>
4979     (PS: no_NO-pack2 for OOo 2.x))</li>
4980 </ul>
4981
4982 <p><strong>Fra NEWS-fila i kildekodepakken</strong></p>
4983
4984 <p>Release 2.1 (2012-09-30)</p>
4985
4986 <ul>
4987
4988 <li>Switch to new version scheme. Make new version 2.1, not 2.0.11. We do not
4989     release often enough to justify three digits.</li>
4990 <li>Switch build rules to build OOo v2 thesaurus files, as the v1 build rules
4991     no longer work. This require the libmythes-dev package on Debian.</li>
4992 <li>Introduce new Makefile variables hyphendir and thesdir to make it easier to
4993     control where to install these.</li>
4994 <li>Change script used to import from no.speling.org, to load new word
4995     boundaries if at least two people believed the boundaries was correct.</li>
4996 <li>Added word boundaries for several words (around 500 words) using the
4997     updated script.</li>
4998 <li>Imported thesarus for bokmål from synonymer.merg.net.</li>
4999 <li>Rewrote build rules to use = instead of - as combined word marker, thus
5000     allowing words like e-post.</li>
5001 <li>Imported a lot (around 10k words) of new words with dash (-) in them from
5002     no.speling.org now that it is handled by the build system.</li>
5003 </ul>
5004
5005       </div>
5006       <div class="tags">
5007
5008
5009         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
5010
5011
5012       </div>
5013     </div>
5014     <div class="padding"></div>
5015
5016     <div class="entry">
5017       <div class="title">
5018         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Giorgio_Pioda.html">Debian Edu interview: Giorgio Pioda</a>
5019       </div>
5020       <div class="date">
5021         17th September 2012
5022       </div>
5023       <div class="body">
5024         <p>After a long break in my row of interviews with people in the
5025 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
5026 community, I finally found time to wrap up another.  This time it is
5027 Giorgio Pioda, which showed up on the mailing list at the start of
5028 this year, asking questions and inspiring us to improve the first time
5029 administrators experience with Skolelinux. :) The interview was
5030 conduced in May, but I only found time to publish it now.</p>
5031
5032 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5033
5034 <p>I have a PhD in chemistry but since several years I work as teacher
5035 in secondary (15-18 year old students) and tertiary (a kind of "light"
5036 university) schools. Five years ago I started to manage a Learning
5037 Management Service server and slowly I got more and more involved with
5038 IT. 3 years ago the graduating schools moved completely to Linux and I
5039 got the head of the IT for this. The experience collected in chemistry
5040 labs computers (for example NMR analysis of protein folding) and in
5041 the IT-courses during university where sufficient to start. Self
5042 training is anyway very important</p>
5043
5044 <p>I live in the Italian speaking part of Switzerland, and the
5045 <a href="http://www.spse.ch/">SPSE school</a> (secondary) is a very
5046 special sport school for young people who try to became sport pro (for
5047 all sports, we have dozens of disciplines represented) and we are
5048 recognised by the Olympic Swiss Organisation.
5049
5050 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5051 project?</strong></p>
5052
5053 <p>Looking for Linux / Primary Domain Controller (PDC) I found it
5054 already several years ago. But since the system was still not
5055 Kerberized and since our schools relies strongly on laptops I didn't
5056 use it. I plan to introduce it in the next future, probably for the
5057 next school year, since the squeeze release solved this security
5058 hole.</p>
5059
5060 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5061 Edu?</strong></p>
5062
5063 <p>Many. First of all there is a strong and living community that is
5064 very generous for help and hints.  Chat help is crucial, together with
5065 the mailing list.  Second. With Skolelinux you get an already well
5066 engineered platform and you don't have to start to build up your PDC
5067 and your clients from GNU/scratch; I've already done this once and I
5068 can tell it, it is hard. Third, since Skolelinux is a standard
5069 platform, it is way easier to educate other IT people and even if the
5070 head IT is sick another one could pick up the task without too much
5071 hassle.</p>
5072
5073 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5074 Edu?</strong></p>
5075
5076 <p>The only real problem I see is that it is a little too less
5077 flexible at client level. Debian stable is rocky and desirable, but
5078 there are many reasons that force for another choice. For example the
5079 need of new drivers for new PC, or the need for a specific OS for some
5080 devices that have specific software packages for another specific
5081 distribution (I have such a case for whiteboards that have only
5082 Ubuntu packages). Thus, I prepared compatibility packages educlient
5083 and eduroaming, hoping not to use them ;-)</p>
5084
5085 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5086
5087 <p>I have a Debian Stable PDC at school (Kerberos, NIS, NFS) with
5088 mixed Debian and Ubuntu clients. If you think that this triad
5089 combination is exotic... well I discovered right yesterday that
5090 <a href="http://moo.nac.uci.edu/~hjm/Perceus-Report.html">Perceus</a>
5091 has the same...</p>
5092
5093 <p>For myself I run Debian wheezy/sid, but this combination is good
5094 only I you have enough competence to fix stuff for yourself, if
5095 something breaks.  Daily I use texmacs, gnumeric, a little bit of R
5096 statistics, kmplot, and less frequently OpenOffice.org.</p>
5097
5098 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5099 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5100
5101 <P>I think that the only real argument that school managers "hear" is
5102 cost reduction. They don't give too much weight on quality, stability,
5103 just because they are normally not open to change.</p>
5104
5105 <p>Students adapts very quickly to GNU/Linux (and for them being able
5106 to switch between different OS is a plus value); teachers and managers
5107 don't.</p>
5108
5109 <p>We decided to move to Linux because students at our school have own
5110 laptop and we have the responsibility to keep the laptop ready to use;
5111 we were really unsatisfied with Microsoft since every Monday we had 20
5112 machine to fix for viral infections... With Linux this has been
5113 reduced to zero, since people installs almost only from official
5114 repositories. I think that our special needs brought us to Linux.
5115 Those who don't have such needs will hardly move to Linux.</p>
5116
5117       </div>
5118       <div class="tags">
5119
5120
5121         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5122
5123
5124       </div>
5125     </div>
5126     <div class="padding"></div>
5127
5128     <div class="entry">
5129       <div class="title">
5130         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">Gladoppslag om Skolelinux i avisen Fremover</a>
5131       </div>
5132       <div class="date">
5133         15th August 2012
5134       </div>
5135       <div class="body">
5136         <p>I sommer hadde avisen <a href="http://www.fremover.no/">Fremover</a>
5137 et flott oppslag om bruken av
5138 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> på alle skolene
5139 der.  Artikkelen var på trykk på side 4 og 5 i papirutgaven
5140 2012-07-23, men mangler dessverre i nettutgaven av avisen.  Mine
5141 henvendelser til avisen for å få artikkelen på nett har så langt ikke
5142 vært vellykket.</p>
5143
5144 <p>Artikkelen med tittelen "Narvik kommune bruker gratisprogram i
5145 skolen - Har spart millioner", forteller om hvordan bruken av
5146 Skolelinux er en stor suksess i Narvik siden det ble tatt i bruk i
5147 2004.  Her er noen fine sitater:</p>
5148
5149 <blockquote>
5150 "- Skolelinux har spart kommunen for store pengesummer, millionbeløp,
5151   som de heller kan bruke på andre ting, sier IKT-konsulent Viggo
5152   Fedreheim."
5153 </blockquote>
5154
5155 <p>Avisen forteller at de har fått tilgang til beregninger som viser
5156 at Narvik kommune har spart noe mellom 10 og 20 millioner kroner de
5157 siste 8 årene på å bruke Skolelinux, og fortsetter:</p>
5158
5159 <blockquote>
5160
5161 "Regnestykket tar høyde for sparte kostnader til lisenser som medfølger
5162 de alternative operativsystemene, lavere driftskostnader og lengre
5163 levetid på datautstyret.  Totalt har Narvikskolen en maskinpark på
5164 1600 maskiner fordelt på de 11 skolene fra Skjomen i sør til Bjerkvik
5165 i nord."
5166
5167 </blockquote>
5168
5169 <p>Viggo Fedreheim sier dette om hvor noe av gevinsten kommer fra:</p>
5170
5171 <blockquote>
5172 "- Vi kan gjenbruke gamle maskiner i skolen som er for dårlig andre
5173   steder i kommunen der de ikke bruker Skolelinux.  Levetiden på en
5174   datamaskin blir 3-5 år lenger med Skolelinux.  Vi kaller det for
5175   grønn IT, miljøvennlig IT."
5176 </blockquote>
5177
5178 <p>Her er det mulighet for flere kommuner å få et godt IT-system på
5179 skolene, hvis de er villige til å forsøke.  De som ikke har kompetanse
5180 innomhus kan kjøpe det fra en av de kommersielle leverandørene av
5181 Skolelinux-tjenester, som <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux
5182 Drift AS</a> (der jeg er styremedlem).  Komplett liste er tilgjengelig
5183 via
5184 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Help/ProfessionalHelp">wikien</a>.</p>
5185
5186 <p>Update 2012-08-16: Today I was allowed by Fremover to put the PDF I
5187 received from them with a copy of the article on the Internet.  It is
5188 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/2012-07-23-fremover-narvik.pdf">now
5189 available</a> in the Skolelinux press archive.</p>
5190
5191       </div>
5192       <div class="tags">
5193
5194
5195         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5196
5197
5198       </div>
5199     </div>
5200     <div class="padding"></div>
5201
5202     <div class="entry">
5203       <div class="title">
5204         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Tips_for___bli_med_i_Skolelinux_prosjektet__som_faktisk_er_aktivt_.html">Tips for å bli med i Skolelinux-prosjektet (som faktisk er aktivt)</a>
5205       </div>
5206       <div class="date">
5207         19th July 2012
5208       </div>
5209       <div class="body">
5210         <p>Jeg fikk nettopp spørsmål på epost om Skolelinux-prosjektet lever
5211 fra en som var interessert i å bidra, og måtte jo konstatere at i og
5212 med at spørsmålet ble stilt har prosjektet ikke lyktes med å formidle
5213 sin aktivitet.  Her er det jeg svarte:</p>
5214
5215 <p><blockquote>
5216 <p>Jada, <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektet</a>
5217 lever, men det meste av utvikling foregår nå under paraplyen
5218 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/">Debian Edu</a> som er det
5219 internasjonale navnet på prosjektet.  Dugnaden i Norge organiseres av
5220 medlemsforeningen
5221 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
5222 Skolen</a>, og det finnes minst ett selskap som selger kommersiell
5223 support på løsningen (<a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux
5224 Drift AS</a>, der jeg er styremedlem).  Anbefaler at du melder deg på
5225 epostlisten
5226 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@lists.debian.org</a>
5227 (og debian-edu-announce) og
5228 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">melder deg inn i
5229 foreningen</a> for å få beskjed om aktivitet som planlegges.  Det
5230 planlegges
5231 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering">utviklersamlinger
5232 i august</a> og utover høsten.</p>
5233
5234 <p>Bidra gjerne med å spre ordet om Skolelinux.  Det er alt for få som
5235 bidrar til pressedekning, bloggposter, twittermeldinger, etc. :)</p>
5236
5237 <p>Jeg antar du har funnet
5238 <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju/">bloggserien
5239 min med intervjuer</a>.  Det er antagelig også interessant for deg å
5240 følge med på <a href="http://planet.skolelinux.org/">Planet
5241 Skolelinux</a>.</p>
5242
5243 <p>Hm, jeg burde vel blogge alle disse lenkene slik at de blir enklere
5244 å finne...</p>
5245 </blockquote></p>
5246 <p>Herved gjort. :)</p>
5247
5248       </div>
5249       <div class="tags">
5250
5251
5252         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5253
5254
5255       </div>
5256     </div>
5257     <div class="padding"></div>
5258
5259     <div class="entry">
5260       <div class="title">
5261         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__George_Bredberg.html">Debian Edu interview: George Bredberg</a>
5262       </div>
5263       <div class="date">
5264          9th July 2012
5265       </div>
5266       <div class="body">
5267         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
5268 Skolelinux</a> project have users all over the globe, but until
5269 recently we have not known about any users in Norway's neighbour
5270 country Sweden.  This changed when George Bredberg showed up in March
5271 this year on the mailing list, asking interesting questions about how
5272 to adjust and scale the just released
5273 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
5274 Wheezy</a> setup to his liking.  He granted me an interview, and I am
5275 happy to share his answers with you here.</p>
5276
5277 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5278
5279 <p>I'm a 44 year old country guy that have been working 12 years at
5280 the same school as 50% IT-manager and 50% Teacher. My educational
5281 background is fil.kand in history and religious beliefs, an exam as a
5282 "folkhighschool" teacher, that is, for teaching grownups.  In
5283 Norwegian I believe it's called "Vuxenupplaring". I also have a master
5284 in "Technology and social change". So I'm not really a tech guy, I
5285 just like to study how humans and technology interact and that is my
5286 perspective when working with IT.</p>
5287
5288 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5289 project?</strong></p>
5290
5291 I have followed the Skolelinux project for quite some time by
5292 now. Earlier I tested out the K12-LTSP project, which we used for some
5293 time, but I really like the idea of having a distribution aimed to be
5294 a complete solution for schools with necessary tools integrated. When
5295 K12-LTSP abandoned that idea some years ago, I started to look more
5296 seriously into Skolelinux instead.
5297
5298 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5299 Edu?</strong></p>
5300
5301 The big point of Skolelinux to me is that it is a complete
5302 distribution, ready to install. It has LDAP-support, MS Windows
5303 integration tools and so forth already configured, saving an
5304 administrator a lot of time and headache. We were using another Linux
5305 based thin-client system called Thinlinc, that has served us very
5306 well. But that Skolelinux is based on VNC and LTSP, to me, is better
5307 when it comes to the kind of multimedia used in schools. That is
5308 showing videos from Youtube or educational TV. It is also easier to
5309 mix thin clients with workstations, since the user settings will be the
5310 same. In our VNC-based solution you had to "beat around the bush" by
5311 setting up a second, hidden, home-directory for user settings for the
5312 workstations, because they will be different from the ones used on the
5313 thin clients. Skolelinux support for diskless workstations are very
5314 convenient since a school today often need to use a class room
5315 projector showing videos in full screen. That is easily done with a
5316 small integrated media computer running as a diskless workstation. You
5317 have only two installs to update and configure. One for the thin
5318 clients and one for the workstations. Also saving a lot of time.  Our
5319 old system was also based on Redhat and CentOS. They are both very
5320 nice distributions, but they are sometimes painfully slow when it
5321 comes to updating multimedia support and multimedia programs (even
5322 such as Gimp), leaving us with a bit "oldish" applications. Debian is
5323 quicker to update.
5324
5325 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5326 Edu?</strong></p>
5327
5328 <p>Debian is a bit too quick when it comes to updating. As an example
5329 we use old HP terminals as thinclients, and two times already this
5330 year (2012) the updates you get from the repositories has stopped
5331 sound from working with them.  It's a kernel/ALSA issue. So you have
5332 to be more careful properly testing the updates before you run them in
5333 a production environment. This has never happened with CentOS.</p>
5334
5335 <p>I also would like to be able to set my own domain-settings at
5336 install time.  In Skolelinux they are kind of hard coded into the
5337 distribution, when it comes to LDAP and at least samba integration.
5338 That is more a cosmetic/translation issue, and not a real problem.
5339 Running MS Windows applications within the Skolelinux environment needs
5340 to be better supported. That is, running them seamlessly via RDP, and
5341 support for single-sign on.  That will make the transition to free
5342 software easier, because you can keep the applications you really
5343 need.  No support will make it impossible if you work in a school where
5344 some applications can't be open source. As for us we really need to
5345 run Adobe InDesign in our journalist classes.  We run a journalist
5346 education, and is one of the very few non university ones that is ok:d
5347 by Svenska journalistförbundet (Swedish journalist association).  Our
5348 education gives the pupils the right of membership there, once they
5349 are done.  This is important if you want to get a job.</p>
5350
5351 <p>Adobe InDesign is the program most commonly used in newspapers and
5352 magazines.  We used Quark Express before, but they seem to loose there
5353 market to Adobe. The only "equivalent" to InDesign in the opensource
5354 world is Scribus, and its not advanced enough. At least not according
5355 to the teacher. I think it would be possible to use it, because they
5356 are not supposed to learn a program, they are supposed to learn how to
5357 edit and compile a newspaper.  But politically at our school we are not
5358 there yet.  And Scribus lacks a lot of things you find i InDesign.</p>
5359
5360 <p>We used even a windows program for sound editing when it comes to
5361 the radio-journalist part. The year to come we are going to try
5362 Audacity. That software has the same kind of limitations compared to
5363 Adobe Audition, but that teacher is a bit more open minded. We have
5364 tried Ardour also, but that instead is more like a music studio
5365 program, not intended for the kind of editing taking place in a radio
5366 studio. Its way to complex and the GUI is to scattered when you only
5367 want to cut, make pass-overs, add extra channels and normalise.  Those
5368 things you can do in Audacity, but its not as easy as in Audition. You
5369 have to do more things manually with envelopes, and that is a bit old
5370 fashion and timewasting. Its also harder to cut and move sound from
5371 one channel to another, which is a thing that you do frequently
5372 because you often find yourself needing to rearrange parts of the
5373 sound file.</p>
5374
5375 <p>So, I am not sure we will succeed in replacing even Audition, but we
5376 will try.  The problem is the students have certain expectations when
5377 they start an education towards a profession.  So the programs has to
5378 look and feel professional.  Good thing with radio, there are many
5379 programs out there, that radio studios use, so its not as standardised
5380 as Newspaper editing. That means, it does not really matter what
5381 program they learn, because once they start working they still have to
5382 learn the program the studio uses, so instead focus has to be to learn
5383 the editing part without to much focus on a specific software.</p>
5384
5385 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5386
5387 <p>Myself I'm running Linux Mint, or Ubuntu these days.  I use almost
5388 only open source software, and preferably Linux based. When it comes
5389 to most used applications its OpenOffice, and Firefox (of course ;)
5390 )</p>
5391
5392 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5393 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5394
5395 <p>To get schools to use free software there has to be good open
5396 source software that are windows based, to ease the transition. But
5397 it's also very important that the multimedia support is working
5398 flawlessly.  The problems with Youtube, Twitter, Facebook and whatever
5399 will create problems when it comes to both teachers and
5400 students. Economy are also important for schools, so using thin
5401 clients, as long as they have good multimedia support, is a very good
5402 idea. It's also important that the open source software works even for
5403 the administration.  It's hard to convince the teachers to stick with
5404 open source, if the principal has to run Windows.  It also creates a
5405 problem if some classes has to use Windows for there tasks, since that
5406 will create a difference in "status" between classes, so a good
5407 support for running windows applications via the thin client (Linux)
5408 desktop is essential.  At least at our school, where we have mixed
5409 level of educations, from high-school to journalist-school.</p>
5410
5411 <p>Update 2012-07-09 08:30: Paul Wise tipped me on IRC about three
5412 useful sources related to Free Software for radio stations: the LWN
5413 article <a href="https://lwn.net/Articles/481607/">Radio station
5414 management with Airtime</a>,
5415 <a href="http://www.sourcefabric.org/en/airtime/">Airtime</a> which
5416 claim to be a Free open source radio automation software and
5417 <a href="http://www.rivendellaudio.org/">Rivendell</a> which claim to
5418 be complete radio broadcast automation solution.  All of them seem
5419 useful to the aspiring radio producer.</p>
5420
5421       </div>
5422       <div class="tags">
5423
5424
5425         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5426
5427
5428       </div>
5429     </div>
5430     <div class="padding"></div>
5431
5432     <div class="entry">
5433       <div class="title">
5434         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_do_schools_waste_money_on_IT_.html">Why do schools waste money on IT?</a>
5435       </div>
5436       <div class="date">
5437          8th July 2012
5438       </div>
5439       <div class="body">
5440         <p>In the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project, we have realised that one
5441 of the major blockers for the project success is the purchasing skills
5442 in schools and municipalities.  We provide what the happy users of
5443 Debian Edu / Skolelinux say they need and to a lower cost than the
5444 alternatives, and yet so few schools decide to use our solution.  I
5445 was pleased to discover the same observation done by mySociety and Tom
5446 Steinberg in his blog post
5447 "<a href="http://www.mysociety.org/2012/06/19/can-you-recognize-the-million-pound-chair/">Can
5448 you recognize the million pound chair?</a>".  Read it and weep for the
5449 spending of your tax money.</p>
5450
5451 <p>Of course there are other factors involved as well, like our
5452 projects bad marketing skills and the Linux community fragmentation
5453 causing worry with the people on the outside, so we as a project need
5454 to keep working hard to gain users, but it is a up-hill battle when
5455 public decision makers are unable to understand computer system
5456 purchases.</p>
5457
5458       </div>
5459       <div class="tags">
5460
5461
5462         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5463
5464
5465       </div>
5466     </div>
5467     <div class="padding"></div>
5468
5469     <div class="entry">
5470       <div class="title">
5471         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Free_Timetabling_Software___nice_free_software.html">Free Timetabling Software - nice free software</a>
5472       </div>
5473       <div class="date">
5474          7th July 2012
5475       </div>
5476       <div class="body">
5477         <p>Included in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
5478 Skolelinux</a> is a large collection of end user and school specific
5479 software.  It is one of the packages not installed by default but
5480 provided in the Debian archive for schools to install if they want to,
5481 is a system to automatically plan the school time table using
5482 information about available teachers, classes and rooms, combined with
5483 the list of required courses and how many hours each topic should
5484 receive.  The software is
5485
5486 <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/">named FET</a>, and it provide a
5487 graphical user interface to input the required information, save the
5488 result in a fairly simple XML format, and generate time tables for
5489 both teachers and students.  It is available both for
5490 <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/download.html">Linux, MacOSX and
5491 Windows</a>.</p>
5492
5493 <p>This is <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/features.html">the
5494 feature list</a>, liftet from the project web site:</p>
5495
5496 <p><ul>
5497
5498   <li>FET is free software, licensed under the GNU GPL v2 or later.
5499     You can freely use, copy, modify and redistribute it </li>
5500
5501   <li>Localized to en_US (US English, default), ar (Arabic), ca
5502     (Catalan), da (Danish), de (German), el (Greek), es (Spanish), fa
5503     (Persian), fr (French), gl (Galician), he (Hebrew), hu
5504     (Hungarian), id (Indonesian), it (Italian), lt (Lithuanian), mk
5505     (Macedonian), ms (Malay), nl (Dutch), pl (Polish), pt_BR
5506     (Brazilian Portuguese), ro (Romanian), ru (Russian), si (Sinhala),
5507     sk (Slovak), sr (Serbian), tr (Turkish), uk (Ukrainian), uz
5508     (Uzbek) and vi (Vietnamese) (incompletely for some languages)
5509     </li>
5510
5511   <li>Fully automatic generation algorithm, allowing also
5512     semi-automatic or manual allocation</li>
5513
5514   <li>Platform independent implementation, allowing running on
5515     GNU/Linux, Windows, Mac and any system that Qt supports </li>
5516
5517   <li>Flexible modular XML format for the input file, allowing editing
5518     with an XML editor or by hand (besides FET interface)</li>
5519
5520   <li>Import/export from CSV format</li>
5521
5522   <li>The resulted timetables are exported into HTML, XML and CSV
5523     formats </li>
5524
5525   <li>Flexible students structure, organized into sets: years, groups
5526     and subgroups. FET allows overlapping years and groups and
5527     non-overlapping subgroups. You can even define individual students
5528     (as separate sets)</li>
5529
5530   <li>Each constraint has a weight percentage, from 0.0% to 100.0%
5531     (but some special constraints are allowed to have only 100% weight
5532     percentage)</li>
5533
5534   <li>Limits for the algorithm (all these limits can be increased on
5535     demand, as a custom version, because this would require a bit more
5536     memory):
5537     <ul>
5538       <li>Maximum total number of hours (periods) per day: 60</li>
5539       <li>Maximum number of working days per week: 35</li>
5540       <li>Maximum total number of teachers: 6000</li>
5541       <li>Maximum total number of sets of students: 30000</li>
5542       <li>Maximum total number of subjects: 6000</li>
5543       <li>Virtually unlimited number of activity tags</li>
5544       <li>Maximum number of activities: 30000</li>
5545       <li>Maximum number of rooms: 6000</li>
5546       <li>Maximum number of buildings: 6000</li>
5547       <li>Possibility of adding multiple teachers and
5548           students sets for each activity.  (it is possible
5549           also to have no teachers or no students sets for an
5550           activity)</li>
5551       <li>Virtually unlimited number of time constraints</li>
5552       <li>Virtually unlimited number of space constraints</li>
5553     </ul></li>
5554
5555   <li>A large and flexible palette of time constraints:
5556     <ul>
5557       <li>Break periods</li>
5558       <li>For teacher(s):
5559         <ul>
5560           <li>Not available periods</li>
5561           <li>Max/min days per week</li>
5562           <li>Max gaps per day/week</li>
5563           <li>Max hours daily/continuously</li>
5564           <li>Min hours daily</li>
5565           <li>Max hours daily/continuously with an activity tag</li>
5566
5567           <li>Respect working in an hourly interval a max number of
5568             days per week</li>
5569         </ul></li>
5570       <li>For students (sets):
5571         <ul>
5572           <li>Not available periods</li>
5573           <li>Begins early (specify max allowed beginnings at second hour)</li>
5574           <li>Max gaps per day/week</li>
5575           <li>Max hours daily/continuously</li>
5576           <li>Min hours daily</li>
5577           <li>Max hours daily/continuously with an activity tag</li>
5578
5579           <li>Respect working in an hourly interval a max number of
5580             days per week</li>
5581         </ul></li>
5582       <li>For an activity or a set of activities/subactivities:
5583         <ul>
5584           <li>A single preferred starting time</li>
5585           <li>A set of preferred starting times</li>
5586           <li>A set of preferred time slots</li>
5587           <li>Min/max days between them</li>
5588           <li>End(s) students day</li>
5589           <li>Same starting time/day/hour</li>
5590           <li>Occupy max time slots from selection (a complex and
5591             flexible constraint, useful in many situations)</li>
5592           <li>Consecutive, ordered, grouped (for 2 or 3 (sub)activities)</li>
5593           <li>Not overlapping</li>
5594           <li>Max simultaneous in selected time slots</li>
5595           <li>Min gaps between a set of (sub)activities</li>
5596         </ul></li>
5597     </ul></li>
5598
5599   <li>A large and flexible palette of space constraints:
5600     <ul>
5601       <li>Room not available periods</li>
5602       <li>For teacher(s):
5603         <ul>
5604           <li>Home room(s)</li>
5605           <li>Max building changes per day/week</li>
5606           <li>Min gaps between building changes</li>
5607         </ul>
5608       </li>
5609
5610       <li>For students (sets):
5611         <ul>
5612           <li>Home room(s)</li>
5613           <li>Max building changes per day/week</li>
5614           <li>Min gaps between building changes</li>
5615         </ul>
5616       </li>
5617       <li>Preferred room(s):
5618         <ul>
5619           <li>For a subject</li>
5620           <li>For an activity tag</li>
5621           <li>For a subject and an activity tag</li>
5622           <li>Individually for a (sub)activity</li>
5623         </ul>
5624       </li>
5625
5626       <li>For a set of activities:
5627         <ul>
5628           <li>Occupy a maximum number of different rooms</li>
5629         </ul>
5630       </li>
5631     </ul>
5632   </li>
5633 </ul></p>
5634
5635 <p>I have not used it myself, as I am not involved in time table
5636 planning at a school, but it seem to work fine when I test it.  If you
5637 need to set up your schools time table, and is tired of doing it
5638 manually, check it out.
5639
5640 A quick summary on how to use it can be found in
5641 <a href="http://marvelsoft.co.in/wp/2012/03/generate-timetable-for-state-cbse-icse-igcse-schools-free/">a
5642 blog post from MarvelSoft</a>.  If you find FET useful, please provide
5643 a recipe for the Debian Edu project in the
5644 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu#Howtos">Debian Edu HowTo
5645 section</a>.</p>
5646
5647       </div>
5648       <div class="tags">
5649
5650
5651         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nice free software">nice free software</a>.
5652
5653
5654       </div>
5655     </div>
5656     <div class="padding"></div>
5657
5658     <div class="entry">
5659       <div class="title">
5660         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Markus_Gamenius.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Markus Gamenius</a>
5661       </div>
5662       <div class="date">
5663         30th June 2012
5664       </div>
5665       <div class="body">
5666         <p>Tidligere leder av
5667 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no">foreningen som
5668 organiserer Skolelinux-dugnaden</a>, Markus Gamenius , har i vår vært
5669 i media og
5670 <a href="http://www.dn.no/privatokonomi/article2345489.ece">debattert
5671 skattepolitikk</a>, og det fikk meg til å høre om han kunne lokkes til
5672 å fortelle om hans inntrykk nå, etter at han ble lokket bort fra
5673 Linux- og <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-verden
5674 for å overta familiebedriften.  Her har vi hans betraktninger i dag,
5675 noen måneder etter at
5676 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Skolelinux
5677 Squeeze</a>-utgaven ble gitt ut.</p>
5678
5679 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
5680
5681 <p>Jeg heter Markus Gamenius og er 40 år.  Utdannet biolog med ymse
5682 fag på siden.  Har jobbet som lærer der jeg var driftsansvarlig på
5683 Ulsrud VGS i Oslo.  Senere eide og jobbet jeg flere år i Linuxlabs AS,
5684 som jeg solgte til Redpill Linpro AS (den gangen Linpro AS).  I dag
5685 jobber jeg med ulike investeringer, hovedsaklig i eiendom, men også i
5686 en del ulike IT-relaterte bedrifter.</p>
5687
5688 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
5689
5690 <p>Fruen og jeg dro på en lengre seiltur i 2000, der jeg måtte ha "noe
5691 å gjøre" under hjemturen over Atlanteren.  Jeg kjøpte et par bøker om
5692 Linux i en bokhandel i New York og ble veldig fascinert.  Etter
5693 hjemkomsten begynte jeg å jobbe på Ulsrud VGS, som naturfagslærer, men
5694 som IT-interessert ble jeg fort en del av den nye IT-satsningen som
5695 skulle løfte Ulsrud og gi skolen en bedre rykte.  Vi hadde ganske
5696 mange maskiner, som gikk på Win98 og to servere som ble oppgradert til
5697 Win2000.  Systemene var ustabil og dårlige.  På leting etter noe
5698 bedre, uten å knekke ryggen økonomisk, kom jeg over "Linux i Skolen"
5699 og Skolelinux.  Jeg tok kontakt med miljøet og en gjeng møtte opp på
5700 skolen, der vi gjorde en liten testinstallasjon.  Etter et par år var
5701 ryggraden på skolen Linux (Skolelinux) og vi hadde flere hundre
5702 maskiner, både tynne klienter (gamle og nye), bærbare (Debian) og noen
5703 stasjonære (Win2000).  På et tidspunkt var Ulsrud den råeste IT-skolen
5704 og det irriterte skolesjefen i Oslo, da de satset hardt på
5705 Windows.</p>
5706
5707 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5708
5709 <p>Det som gjorde at vi fikk inn Skolelinux var ene og alene
5710 økonomiske.  Det faktum at vi slapp å kjøpe masse nye lisenser og at
5711 vi kunne bruke gammel hardware.  Alt i alt gjorde dette at vi sparte
5712 mye, men i stede for å bruke mindre på IT brukte vi det vi sparte på å
5713 skaffe mer hardware og på den måten gi det beste tilbudet i landet til
5714 våre elever.  For oss som driftet var det himmel å ha et system som
5715 gikk å administrere sentralt og effektivt.  Det var heller ikke så
5716 dumt at vi kunne "låse" maskinene mer effektivt enn vi kunne med
5717 Microsoft Windows, slik at vi slapp mye feil og problemer som ble
5718 forårsaket av "kreative" elever.</p>
5719
5720 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5721
5722 <p>Det vi slet med var mangelen av en del programmer lærerne ville ha.
5723 Husker ikke alle, men det var et knippe med pedagogiske programmer de
5724 ikke fikk.  I dag tror jeg det problemet er langt mindre da det meste
5725 av disse kjøres gjennom nettleseren.</p>
5726
5727 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
5728
5729 <p>Jeg bruker mye Apple i dag og er ikke så stolt av det, men jeg har
5730 både OpenOffice, Firefox og en del andre programmer på den bærbare.
5731 Firefox brukes mest av disse.  På Apple-serveren hjemme bruker jeg
5732 HandBrake mye, og jeg har installert OpenWRT på flere av
5733 basestasjonene både hjemme og på jobben.  I tillegg til det har jeg i
5734 flere år finansiert et prosjekt som heter
5735 <a href="http://www.found.no/">Found IT</a>.  Dette er et prosjekt der
5736 vi lager et rammeverk for søk, der alt vi bruker fri programvare.  Det
5737 er Alex Brasetvik som er daglig leder i Found IT.</p>
5738
5739 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
5740 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
5741
5742 <p>Når det gjelder IT og skole er fortsatt økonomi veldig viktig.  Så
5743 man må oppfylle minimumskravene (ikke være best, men bra nok) og selge
5744 seg inn på hvor mye man sparer.  Det betyr selvsagt at man sparer på
5745 lisenser, men også på driftsinnsats.  Men nå når jeg ikke er en aktiv
5746 del av miljøet lenger hører jeg nesten ingen ting om fri programvare.
5747 Jeg stiller meg da spørsmålet om det har blitt stille rundt miljøet,
5748 eller om jeg kun så det tydeligere før når jeg var aktiv? Uansett er
5749 det for stille rundt Skolelinux-prosjektet nå.</p>
5750
5751       </div>
5752       <div class="tags">
5753
5754
5755         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5756
5757
5758       </div>
5759     </div>
5760     <div class="padding"></div>
5761
5762     <div class="entry">
5763       <div class="title">
5764         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Jos__Luis_Redrejo_Rodr_guez.html">Debian Edu interview: José Luis Redrejo Rodríguez</a>
5765       </div>
5766       <div class="date">
5767         26th June 2012
5768       </div>
5769       <div class="body">
5770         <p>I've been too busy at home, but finally I found time to wrap up
5771 another interview with the people behind
5772 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>.
5773 This time we get to know José Luis Redrejo Rodríguez, one of our great
5774 helpers from Spain.  His effort was the reason we added support for
5775 several desktop types (KDE, Gnome and most recently LXDE) in Debian
5776 Edu, and have all of these available in the recently published
5777 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
5778 Squeeze</a> version.</p>
5779
5780 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5781
5782 <p>I'm a father, teacher and engineer who is working for the Education
5783 ministry of the Region of Extremadura (Spain) in the implementation of
5784 ICT in schools</p>
5785
5786 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5787 project?</strong></p>
5788
5789 <p>At 2006, I verified that both, we in Extremadura and Skolelinux
5790 project, had been working in parallel for some years, doing very
5791 similar things, using very similar tools and with similar targets, so
5792 I decided it was time to join forces as much as possible.</p>
5793
5794 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5795 Edu?</strong></p>
5796
5797 <p>A community of highly skilled experts working together, with a
5798 really open schema of collaboration and work. I really love the
5799 concepts of Do-ocracy and Merit-ocracy and the way these concepts are
5800 been used everyday inside Debian Edu.</p>
5801
5802 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5803 Edu?</strong></p>
5804
5805 <p>Sometimes the differences in the implementations, laws or
5806 economical and technical resources in the different countries don't
5807 allow us to agree in the same solution for all of us, and several
5808 approaches are needed, what is a waste of effort. Also, there is a
5809 lack of more man power to be able to follow the fast evolution of the
5810 technologies in school.</p>
5811
5812 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5813
5814 <p>Debian, of course, and due to my kind of job I am most of my time
5815 between Iceweasel, <a href="http://www.geany.org/">Geany</a> and
5816 <a href="http://www.ohloh.net/p/gnome-terminator">Terminator</a>.</p>
5817
5818 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5819 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5820
5821 <p>I think there is not a single strategy because there are very
5822 different scenarios: schools with mixed proprietary and free
5823 environments, schools using only workstations, other schools using
5824 laptops, netbooks, tablets, interactive white-boards, etc.</p>
5825
5826 <p>Also the range of ages of the students is very broad and you can
5827 not use the same solutions for primary schools and secondary or even
5828 universities. So different strategies are needed.</p>
5829
5830 <p>But, looking at these differences, and looking back to the things
5831 we've done and implemented, and the places were we have spent most of
5832 our forces, I think we should focus as much as possible in free
5833 multi-platform environments, using only standards tools, and moving
5834 more and more to Internet or network solutions that could be deployed
5835 using wireless. I think we'll see more and more personal devices in
5836 the schools, devices the students and teachers will take home with
5837 them, so the solutions must be able to be taken at home and continue
5838 working there.</p>
5839
5840       </div>
5841       <div class="tags">
5842
5843
5844         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5845
5846
5847       </div>
5848     </div>
5849     <div class="padding"></div>
5850
5851     <div class="entry">
5852       <div class="title">
5853         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu___some_ideas_for_the_future_versions.html">Debian Edu - some ideas for the future versions</a>
5854       </div>
5855       <div class="date">
5856         11th June 2012
5857       </div>
5858       <div class="body">
5859         <p>During my work on
5860 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.nb.html">Debian Edu
5861 based on Squeeze</a>, I came across some issues that should be
5862 addressed in the Wheezy release.  I finally found time to wrap up my
5863 notes and provide quick summary of what I found, with a bit
5864 explanation.</p>
5865
5866 <p><ul>
5867
5868 <li>We need to rewrite our package installation framework, as tasksel
5869 changed from using tasksel tasks to using meta packages (aka packages
5870 with dependencies like our education-* packages), and our installation
5871 system depend on tasksel tasks in
5872 /usr/share/tasksel/debian-edu-tasks.desc for package
5873 installation.</li>
5874
5875 <li>Enable Kerberos login for more services.  Now with the Kerberos
5876 foundation in place, we should use it to get single sign on with more
5877 services, and avoiding unneeded password / login questions.  We should
5878 at least try to enable it for these services:
5879 <ul>
5880
5881   <li>CUPS for admins to add/configure printers and users when using
5882     quotas.</li>
5883   <li>Nagios for admins checking the system status.</li>
5884   <li>GOsa for admins updating LDAP and users changing their passwords.</li>
5885   <li>LDAP for admins updating LDAP.</li>
5886   <li>Squid for users when exam mode / filtering is active.</li>
5887   <li>ssh for admins and users to save a password prompt.</li>
5888
5889 </ul></li>
5890
5891 <li>When we move GOsa to use Kerberos instead of LDAP bind to
5892 authenticate users, we should try to block or at least limit access to
5893 use LDAP bind for authentication, to ensure Kerberos is used when it
5894 is intended, and nothing fall back to using the less safe LDAP bind</li>
5895
5896 <li>Merge debian-edu-config and debian-edu-install.  The split made
5897 sense when d-e-install did a lot more, but these days it is just an
5898 inconvenience when we update the debconf preseeding values.</li>
5899
5900 <li>Fix partman-auto to allow us to abort the installation before
5901 touching the disk if the disk is too small.  This is
5902 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/653305">BTS report #653305</a> and the
5903 d-i developers are fine with the patch and someone just need to apply
5904 it and upload.  After this is done we need to adjust
5905 debian-edu-install to use this new hook.</li>
5906
5907 <li>Adjust to new LTSP framework (boot time config instead of install
5908 time config).  LTSP changed its design, and our hooks to install
5909 packages and update the configuration is most likely not going to work
5910 in Wheezy.
5911
5912 <li>Consider switching to NBD instead of NFS for LTSP root, to allow
5913 the Kernel to cache files in its normal file cache, possibly speeding
5914 up KDE login on slow networks.</li>
5915
5916 <li>Make it possible to create expired user passwords that need to
5917 change on first login.  This is useful when handing out password on
5918 paper, to make sure only the user know the password.  This require
5919 fixes to the PAM handling of kdm and gdm.</li>
5920
5921 <li>Make GUI for adding new machines automatically from sitesummary.
5922 The current command line script is not very friendly to people most
5923 familiar with GUIs.  This should probably be integrated into GOsa to
5924 have it available where the admin will be looking for it..</li>
5925
5926 <li>We should find way for Nagios to check that the DHCP service
5927 actually is working (as in handling out IP addresses).  None of the
5928 Nagios checks I have found so far have been working for me.</li>
5929
5930 <li>We should switch from libpam-nss-ldapd to sssd for all profiles
5931 using LDAP, and not only on for roaming workstations, to have less
5932 packages to configure and consistent setup across all profiles.</li>
5933
5934 <li>We should configure Kerberos to update LDAP and Samba password
5935 when changing password using the Kerberos protocol.  The hook was
5936 requested in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/588968">BTS report
5937 #588968</a> and is now available in Wheezy.  We might need to write a
5938 MIT Kerberos plugin in C to get this.</li>
5939
5940 <li>We should clean up the set of applications installed by default.
5941 <ul>
5942
5943 <li>reduce the number of chemistry visualisers</li>
5944 <li>consider dropping xpaint</li>
5945 <li>and probably more?</li>
5946 </ul></li>
5947
5948 <li>Some hardware need external firmware to work properly.  This is
5949 mostly the case for WiFi network cards, but there are some other
5950 examples too.  For popular laptops to work out of the box, such
5951 firmware need to be installed from non-free, and we should provide
5952 some GUI to do this.  Ubuntu already have this implemented, and we
5953 could consider using their packages.  At the moment we have some
5954 command line script to do this (one for the running system, another
5955 for the LTSP chroot).</li>
5956
5957
5958 <li>In Squeeze, we provide KDE, Gnome and LXDE as desktop options.  We
5959 should extend the list to Xfce and Sugar, and preferably find a way to
5960 install several and allow the admin or the user to select which one to
5961 use.</li>
5962
5963 <li>The golearn tool from the goplay package make it easy to check out
5964 interesting educational packages.  We should work on the package
5965 tagging in Debian to ensure it represent all the useful educational
5966 packages, and extend the tool to allow it to use packagekit to install
5967 new applications with a simple mouse click.</li>
5968
5969 <li>The Squeeze version got half a exam solution already in place,
5970 with the introduction of iptable based network blocking, but for it to
5971 be a complete exam solution the Squid proxy need to enable
5972 filtering/blocking as well when the exam mode is enabled.  We should
5973 implement a way to easily enable this for the schools that want it,
5974 instead of the "it is documented" method of today.</li>
5975
5976 <li>A feature used in several schools is the ability for a teacher to
5977 "take over" the desktop of individual or all computers in the room.
5978 There are at least three implementations,
5979 <a href="italc.sourceforge.net/">italc</a>,
5980 <a href="http://www.itais.net/help/en/">controlaula</a> og
5981 <a href="http://www.epoptes.org/">epoptes</a> and we should pick one of
5982 them and make it trivial to set it up in a school.  The challenges is
5983 how to distribute crypto keys and how to group computers in one room
5984 and how to set up which machine/user can control the machines in a
5985 given room.</li>
5986
5987 <li>Tablets and surf boards are getting more and more popular, and we
5988 should look into providing a good solution for integrating these into
5989 the Debian Edu network.  Not quite sure how.  Perhaps we should
5990 provide a installation profile with better touch screen support for
5991 them, or add some sync services to allow them to exchange
5992 configuration and data with the central server.  This should be
5993 investigated.</li>
5994
5995 </ul></p>
5996
5997 <p>I guess we will discover more as we continue to work on the Wheezy
5998 version.</p>
5999
6000       </div>
6001       <div class="tags">
6002
6003
6004         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6005
6006
6007       </div>
6008     </div>
6009     <div class="padding"></div>
6010
6011     <div class="entry">
6012       <div class="title">
6013         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Mike_Gabriel.html">Debian Edu interview: Mike Gabriel</a>
6014       </div>
6015       <div class="date">
6016          2nd June 2012
6017       </div>
6018       <div class="body">
6019         <p>Back in 2010, Mike Gabriel showed up on the
6020 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
6021 mailing list.  He quickly proved to be a valuable developer, and
6022 thanks to his tireless effort we now have Kerberos integrated into the
6023 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
6024 Squeeze</a> version.</p>
6025
6026 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
6027
6028 <p>My name is Mike Gabriel, I am 38 years old and live near Kiel,
6029 Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. I live together with a wonderful partner
6030 (Angela Fuß) and two own children and two bonus children (contributed
6031 by Angela).</p>
6032
6033 <p>During the day I am part-time employed as a system administrator
6034 and part-time working as an IT consultant. The consultancy work
6035 touches free software topics wherever and whenever possible. During
6036 the nights I am a free software developer. In the gaps I also train in
6037 becoming an osteopath.</p>
6038
6039 <p>Starting in 2010 we (Andreas Buchholz, Angela Fuß, Mike Gabriel)
6040 have set up a free software project in the area of Kiel that aims at
6041 introducing free software into schools. The project's name is
6042 "IT-Zukunft Schule" (IT future for schools). The project links IT
6043 skills with communication skills.</p>
6044
6045 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
6046 project?</strong></p>
6047
6048 <p>While preparing our own customised Linux distribution for
6049 "IT-Zukunft Schule" we were repeatedly asked if we really wanted to
6050 reinvent the wheel. What schools really need is already available,
6051 people said.  From this impulse we started evaluating other Linux
6052 distributions that target being used for school networks.</p>
6053
6054 <p>At the end we short-listed two approaches and compared them: a
6055 commercial Linux distribution developed by a company in Bremen,
6056 Germany, and Skolelinux / Debian Edu. Between 12/2010 and 03/2011 we
6057 went to several events and met people being responsible for marketing
6058 and development of either of the distributions. Skolelinux / Debian
6059 Edu was by far much more convincing compared to the other product that
6060 got short-listed beforehand--across the full spectrum. What was most
6061 attractive for me personally: the perspective of collaboration within
6062 the developmental branch of the Debian Edu project itself.</p>
6063
6064 <p>In parallel with this, we talked to many local and not-so-local
6065 people.  People teaching at schools, headmasters, politicians, data
6066 protection experts, other IT professionals.</p>
6067
6068 <p>We came to two conclusions:</p>
6069
6070 <p>First, a technical conclusion: What schools need is available in
6071 bits and pieces here and there, and none of the solutions really fit
6072 by 100%. Any school we have seen has a very individual IT setup
6073 whereas most of each school's requirements could mapped by a standard
6074 IT solution.  The requirement to this IT solution is flexibility and
6075 customisability, so that individual adaptations here and there are
6076 possible.  In terms of re-distributing and rolling out such a
6077 standardised IT system for schools (a system that is still to some
6078 degree customisable) there is still a lot of work to do here
6079 locally. Debian Edu / Skolelinux has been our choice as the starting
6080 point.</p>
6081
6082 <p>Second, a holistic conclusion: What schools need does not exist at
6083 all (or we missed it so far). There are several technical solutions
6084 for handling IT at schools that tend to make a good impression. What
6085 has been missing completely here in Germany, though, is the enrolment
6086 of people into using IT and teaching with IT. "IT-Zukunft Schule"
6087 tries to provide an approach for this.</p>
6088
6089 <p>Only some schools have some sort of a media concept which explains,
6090 defines and gives guidance on how to use IT in class. Most schools in
6091 Northern Germany do not have an IT service provider, the school's IT
6092 equipment is managed by one or (if the school is lucky) two (admin)
6093 teachers, most of the workload these admin teachers get done in there
6094 spare time.</p>
6095
6096 <p>We were surprised that only a very few admin teachers were
6097 networked with colleagues from other schools. Basically, every school
6098 here around has its individual approach of providing IT equipment to
6099 teachers and students and the exchange of ideas has been quasi
6100 non-existent until 2010/2011.</p>
6101
6102 <p>Quite some (non-admin) teachers try to avoid using IT technology in
6103 class as a learning medium completely. Several reasons for this
6104 avoidance do exist.</p>
6105
6106 <p>We discovered that no-one has ever taken a closer look at this
6107 social part of IT management in schools, so far. On our quest journey
6108 for a technical IT solution for schools, we discussed this issue with
6109 several teachers, headmasters, politicians, other IT professionals and
6110 they all confirmed: a holistic approach of considering IT management
6111 at schools, an approach that includes the people in place, will be new
6112 and probably a gain for all.</p>
6113
6114 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6115 Edu?</strong></p>
6116
6117 <p>There is a list of advantages: international context, openness to
6118 any kind of contributions, do-ocracy policy, the closeness to Debian,
6119 the different installation scenarios possible (from stand-alone
6120 workstation to complex multi-server sites), the transparency within
6121 project communication, honest communication within the group of
6122 developers, etc.</p>
6123
6124 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6125 Edu?</strong></p>
6126
6127 <p>Every coin has two sides:</p>
6128
6129 <p>Technically: <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/311188">BTS issue
6130 #311188</a>, tricky upgradability of a Debian Edu main server, network
6131 client installations on top of a plain vanilla Debian installation
6132 should become possible sometime in the near future, one could think
6133 about splitting the very complex package debian-edu-config into
6134 several portions (to make it easier for new developers to
6135 contribute).</p>
6136
6137 <p>Another issue I see is that we (as Debian Edu developers) should
6138 find out more about the network of people who do the marketing for
6139 Debian Edu / Skolelinux. There is a very active group in Germany
6140 promoting Skolelinux on the bigger Linux Days within Germany. Are
6141 there other groups like that in other countries? How can we bring
6142 these marketing people together (marketing group A with group B and
6143 all of them with the group of Debian Edu developers)? During the last
6144 meeting of the German Skolelinux group, I got the impression of people
6145 there being rather disconnected from the development department of
6146 Debian Edu / Skolelinux.</p>
6147
6148 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
6149
6150 <p>For my daily business, I do not use commercial software at all.</p>
6151
6152 <p>For normal stuff I use Iceweasel/Firefox, Libreoffice.org. For
6153 serious text writing I prefer LaTeX. I use gimp, inkscape, scribus for
6154 more artistic tasks. I run virtual machines in KVM and Virtualbox.</p>
6155
6156 <p>I am one of the upstream developers of X2Go. In 2010 I started the
6157 development of a Python based X2Go Client, called PyHoca-GUI.
6158 PyHoca-GUI has brought forth a Python X2Go Client API that currently
6159 is being integrated in Ubuntu's software center.</p>
6160
6161 <p>For communications I have my own Kolab server running using Horde
6162 as web-based groupware client. For IRC I love to use irssi, for Jabber
6163 I have several clients that I use, mostly pidgin, though. I am also
6164 the Debian maintainer of Coccinella, a Jabber-based interactive
6165 whiteboard.</p>
6166
6167 <p>My favourite terminal emulator is KDE's Yakuake.</p>
6168
6169 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
6170 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
6171
6172 <p>Communicate, communicate, communicate. Enrol people, enrol people,
6173 enrol people.</p>
6174
6175       </div>
6176       <div class="tags">
6177
6178
6179         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
6180
6181
6182       </div>
6183     </div>
6184     <div class="padding"></div>
6185
6186     <div class="entry">
6187       <div class="title">
6188         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Ralf_Gesellensetter.html">Debian Edu interview: Ralf Gesellensetter</a>
6189       </div>
6190       <div class="date">
6191         27th May 2012
6192       </div>
6193       <div class="body">
6194         <p>In 2003, a German teacher showed up on the
6195 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
6196 mailing list with interesting problems and reports proving he setting
6197 up Linux for a (for us at the time) lot of pupils.  His name was Ralf
6198 Gesellensetter, and he has been an important tester and contributor
6199 since then, helping to make sure the
6200 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
6201 Squeeze</a> release became as good as it is..</p>
6202
6203 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
6204
6205 <p>I am a teacher from Germany, and my subjects are Geography,
6206 Mathematics, and Computer Science ("Informatik"). During the past 12
6207 years (since 2000), I have been working for a comprehensive (and soon,
6208 also inclusive) school leading to all kind of general levels, such as
6209 O- or A-level ("Abitur").  For quite as long, I've been taking care of
6210 our computer network.</p>
6211
6212 <p>Now, in my early 40s, I enjoy the privilege of spending a lot of my
6213 spare time together with my wife, our son (3 years) and our daughter
6214 (4 months).</p>
6215
6216 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
6217 project?</strong></p>
6218
6219 <p>We had tried different Linux based school servers, when members of
6220 my local Linux User Group (LUG OWL) detected Skolelinux. I remember
6221 very well, being part of a party celebrating the Linux New Media Award
6222 ("Best Newcomer Distribution", also nominated: Ubuntu) that was given
6223 to Skolelinux at Linux World Exposition in Frankfurt, 2005 (IIRC). Few
6224 months later, I had the chance to join a developer meeting in Ulsrud
6225 (Oslo) and to hand out the award to Knut Yrvin and others.  For more
6226 than 7 years, Skolelinux is part of our schools infrastructure, namely
6227 our main server (tjener), one LTSP (today without thin clients), and
6228 approximately 50 work stations. Most of these have the option to boot a
6229 locally installed Skolelinux image.  As a consequence, I joined quite
6230 a few events dealing with free software or Linux, and met many Debian
6231 (Edu) developers. All of them seemed quite nice and competent to me,
6232 one more reason to stick to Skolelinux.</p>
6233
6234 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6235 Edu?</strong></p>
6236
6237 <p>Debian driven, you are given all the advantages of a community
6238 project including well maintained updates. Once, you are familiar with
6239 the network layout, you can easily roll out an entire educational
6240 computer infrastructure, from just one installation media. As only
6241 free software (FOSS) is used, that supports even elderly hardware,
6242 up-sizing your IT equipment is only limited by space (i.e. available
6243 labs).  Especially if you run a LTSP thin client server, your
6244 administration costs tend towards zero.</p>
6245
6246 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6247 Edu?</strong></p>
6248
6249 <p>While Debian's stability has loads of advantages for servers, this
6250 might be different in some cases for clients: Schools with unlimited
6251 budget might buy new hardware with components that are not yet
6252 supported by Debian stable, or wish to use more recent versions of
6253 office packages or desktop environments.  These schools have the
6254 option to run Debian testing or other distributions - if they have the
6255 capacity to do so.  Another issue is that Debian release cycles
6256 include a wide range of changes; therefor a high percentage of human
6257 power seems to be absorbed by just keeping the features of Skolelinux
6258 within the new setting of the version to come. During this process,
6259 the cogs of Debian Edu are getting more and more professional,
6260 i.e. harder to understand for novices.</p>
6261
6262 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
6263
6264 <p>LibreOffice, Wikipedia, Openstreetmap, Iceweasel (Mozilla Firefox),
6265 KMail, Gimp, Inkscape - and of course the Linux Kernel (not only on
6266 PC, Laptop, Mobile, but also our SAT receiver)</p>
6267
6268 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
6269 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
6270
6271 <p><ol>
6272
6273 <li>Support computer science as regular subject in schools to make
6274 people really "own" their hardware, to make them understand the
6275 difference between proprietary software products, and free software
6276 developing.</li>
6277
6278 <li>Make budget baskets corresponding: In Germany's public schools
6279 there are more or less fixed budgets for IT equipment (including
6280 licenses), so schools won't benefit from any savings here. This
6281 privilege is left to private schools which have consequently a large
6282 share among German Skolelinux schools.</li>
6283
6284 <li>Get free software in the seminars where would-be teachers are
6285 trained. In many cases, teachers' software customs are respected by
6286 decision makers rather than the expertise of any IT experts.</li>
6287
6288 <li>Don't limit ourself to free software run natively. Everybody uses
6289 free software or free licenses (for instance Wikipedia), and this
6290 general concept should get expanded to free educational content to be
6291 shared world wide (school books e.g.).</li>
6292
6293 <li>Make clear where ever you can that the market share of free (libre)
6294 office suites is much above 20 p.c. today, and that you pupils don't
6295 need to know the "ribbon menu" in order to get employed.</li>
6296
6297 <li>Talk about the difference between freeware and free software.</li>
6298
6299 <li>Spread free software, or even collections of portable free apps
6300 for USB pen drives. Endorse students to get a legal copy of
6301 Libreoffice rather than accepting them to use illegal serials.  And
6302 keep sending documents in ODF formats.</li>
6303
6304 </ol></p>
6305
6306       </div>
6307       <div class="tags">
6308
6309
6310         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
6311
6312
6313       </div>
6314     </div>
6315     <div class="padding"></div>
6316
6317     <div class="entry">
6318       <div class="title">
6319         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Alf_Tonny_B_tz.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Alf Tonny Bätz</a>
6320       </div>
6321       <div class="date">
6322         20th May 2012
6323       </div>
6324       <div class="body">
6325         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektets</a>
6326 musiker og mannen bak
6327 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Manuals/Rosegarden/">opplæringsdokumentene
6328 i Rosegarden</a>
6329 (<a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/nb/rosegarden-manual.html">norsk
6330 utgave</a>) for musikklærere, Alf Tonny Bätz, er neste mann ut i min
6331 intervjurunde av folkene bak Skolelinux-løsningen.  Jeg har kjent Alf
6332 Tonny siden vi møttes som barn på påskefjellet i Ofoten, og ble
6333 gledelig overrasket da han dukket opp i Skolelinux-prosjektet etter å
6334 ikke ha sett noe til ham på mange år.</p>
6335
6336 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6337
6338 <p>Jeg er utdannet kokk av yrke, og har utøvet yrket i 12 år.  Men
6339 etter at ryggen sa takk før seg, studerte jeg nettverksadministrasjon
6340 ved Næringsakademiet i Bergen årene 2008-2009 slik at jeg kunne
6341 forfølge en av mine største interesser - data.  Til daglig jobber jeg
6342 ved <a href="http://www.narvikskolen.no/parken/">Parken
6343 ungdomsskole</a> med å drifte skolens PC-er. Har også litt
6344 musikkundervisning.</p>
6345
6346 <p>Mitt mål er å bevisstgjøre musikklærene mulighetene med de frie
6347 programmene som finnes i Skolelinux, blant annet Rosegarden.</p>
6348
6349 <p>Har i mange år drevet med musikk og en av grunnen til at Rosegarden
6350 falt i smak for min del, var fordi denne fungere og ligner mest på
6351 Windows-programmet (cubase) jeg jobbet mye med da jeg i mine yngre
6352 dager var «Windows fanatiker».  Ble introdusert til Linux av en kompis
6353 av meg for omtrent 14 år siden, og har bare blitt mer og mer glad i
6354 dette operativsystemet.</p>
6355
6356 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6357
6358 <p>Da jeg ble sykemeldt fra min gamle jobb, og måtte omskoleres,
6359 havnet jeg i 2007 sammen med Viggo Fedreheim på IKT-avdelingen i
6360 Narvik kommune, der ble jeg for første gang introdusert til
6361 Skolelinuxprosjektet.</p>
6362
6363 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6364
6365 <p>Skolelinux er enkelt å holde i drift og masse flotte programmer som
6366 geogebra, ktouch og kgeografi følger med pakken.  Man kan ta i bruk
6367 gamle PC-er igjen, slik at skoler med dårlig råd får opp en brukbar
6368 PC-park.  PC-er som er ca 6-9 år gamle fungere tilfredstillende, bare
6369 de har 512 MB RAM eller mer.</p>
6370
6371 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6372
6373 <p>Ulempene er at noen av de pedagogiske programmene som lærene ønsker
6374 å bruke fungere dårlig med Linux.  Mye pga. av at disse programmene
6375 blir ikke laget til Linuxbaserte operativsystemer.</p>
6376
6377 <p>Video- og bilde-redigering har dessverre en del mangler, mange av
6378 programmene har en tendens til og krasje.  Det gjelder blant annet
6379 <a href="http://www.kdenlive.org/">kdenlive</a> og
6380 <a href="http://www.openshotvideo.com/">openshot</a>, for å nevne
6381 noen.  De er ikke stabile nok.  Når elevene kommer med filmsnutter de
6382 ønsker og jobbe med, så godtar ikke programmene filene, og når elevene
6383 jobber med redigering bare krasjer programmene uten forvarsel.  Det er
6384 for vanskelig å få noe som bare fungerer ut av boksen her. Når en elev
6385 plugger inn et videokamera eller fotoapparat så er det alltid noe som
6386 ikke vil fungere.  Programmene godtar ikke format, godtar ikke
6387 kameraet, osv., osv. Det er dessverre med på og dra ned en positiv
6388 opplevelse av bruk av fri programvare.</p>
6389
6390 <p>Man må ofte bruke flere en et video redigerings program før og få
6391 fullført en ønsket oppgave.</p>
6392
6393 <p>Eksempel:</p>
6394
6395 <p>Hvis det ene programmet ikke vil ta i mot videofilen klarer et
6396 annet det, men det programmet som klarer det kan ikke gjøre de samme
6397 oppgavene som det programmet som ikke ville ta i mot filen,
6398 Tilsvarende er det med foto, man må bruke flere programmer for å få
6399 et ferdig resultat. Til dags dato har jeg enda ikke funnet et video-
6400 og fotoprogram som kan tilfredstillende fullføre en oppgave.</p>
6401
6402 <p>Så man kan klare og fullføre en oppgave, men i verste fall må man
6403 innom 3-4 programmer for å få det til.  Så jeg har enda ikke til dags
6404 dato sett at et program fungere 100% til alt.</p>
6405
6406 <p>Det programmet jeg har best erfaring til er
6407 <a href="http://cinelerra.org/">cinelerra</a>, men dessverre har det
6408 også tendenser og krasje av og til uten grunn.</p>
6409
6410 Lydsystemet kan også være et mareritt.  Konkret snakker jeg om når du
6411 bruker for eksempel et smartboard, så følger det med USB-lydkort på
6412 disse.  Problemet ligger her i at systemet ikke vil velge rett
6413 lydkort, så man må inn med padevchooser for å sette opp PulseAudio
6414 til og velge at USB-lydkortet skal brukes.  Det blir for tungvindt for
6415 lærene, de ønsker at ting skal fungere med en gang. (min løsning på
6416 det problemet ble at jeg måtte deaktivere lydkortet som fantes på
6417 maskinen) men da må man bestandig slå på smartboard-tavla.
6418
6419 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6420
6421 Programmene jeg bruker mest av er: Rosegarden, jack, qsynth, audacity,
6422 k3b, openttd og libreoffice.
6423
6424 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6425 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6426
6427 Jeg tror det må bevisstgjøring av Skolene til, dvs. reklamere høylytt
6428 og fortelle og vise de andre skolene at frie programvarer faktisk
6429 fungere.  Jeg trur faktisk mange ikke vet at det finnes frie
6430 alternativer.
6431
6432       </div>
6433       <div class="tags">
6434
6435
6436         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6437
6438
6439       </div>
6440     </div>
6441     <div class="padding"></div>
6442
6443     <div class="entry">
6444       <div class="title">
6445         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__J_rgen_Leibner.html">Debian Edu interview: Jürgen Leibner</a>
6446       </div>
6447       <div class="date">
6448         13th May 2012
6449       </div>
6450       <div class="body">
6451         <p>It has been a few busy weeks for me, but I am finally back to
6452 publish another interview with the people behind
6453 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>.
6454 This time it is one of our German developers, who have helped out over the
6455 years to make sure both a lot of major but also a lot of the minor
6456 details get right before release.
6457
6458 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
6459
6460 <p>My name is Jürgen Leibner, I'm 49 years old and living in
6461 Bielefeld, a town in northern Germany.  I worked nearly 20 years as
6462 certified engineer in the department for plant design and layout of an
6463 international company for machinery and equipment.  Since 2011 I'm a
6464 certified technical writer (tekom e.V.) and doing technical
6465 documentations for a steam turbine manufacturer.  From April this year
6466 I will manage the department of technical documentation at a
6467 manufacturer of automation and assembly line engineering.</p>
6468
6469 <p>My first contact with linux was around 1993. Since that time I used
6470 it at work and at home repeatedly but not exclusively as I do now at
6471 home since 2006.</p>
6472
6473 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
6474 project?</strong></p>
6475
6476 <p>Once a day in the early year of 2001 when I wanted to fetch my
6477 daughter from primary school, there was a teacher sitting in the
6478 middle of 20 old computers trying to boot them and he failed. I helped
6479 him to get them booting. That was seen by the school director and she
6480 asked me if I would like to manage that the school gets all that old
6481 computers in use. I answered: "Yes".</p>
6482
6483 <p>Some weeks later every of the 10 classrooms had one computer
6484 running Windows98. I began to collect old computers and equipment as
6485 gifts and installed the first computer room with a peer-to-peer
6486 network. I did my work at school without being payed in my spare time
6487 and with a lot of fun.  About one year later the school was connected
6488 to Internet and a local area network was installed in the school
6489 building.  That was the time to have a server and I knew it must be a
6490 Linux server to be able to fulfil all the wishes of the teachers and
6491 being able to do this in a transparent and economic way, without extra
6492 costs for things like licence and software.  So I searched for a
6493 school server system running under Linux and I found a couple of
6494 people nearby who founded 'skolelinux.de'. It was the Skolelinux
6495 prerelease 32 I first tried out for being used at the school.  I
6496 managed the IT of that school until the municipal authority took over
6497 the IT management and centralised the services for all schools in
6498 Bielefeld in December of 2006.</p>
6499
6500 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6501 Edu?</strong></p>
6502
6503 <p>When I'm looking back to the beginning, there were other advantages
6504 for me as today.</p>
6505
6506 <p>In the past there were advantages like:</p>
6507
6508 <p><ul>
6509
6510 <li>I don't need to buy it so it generates no costs to the school as
6511 they had little money to spent for computers and software.</li>
6512
6513 <li>It has a licence which grands all rights to use it without
6514 cost.</li>
6515
6516 <li>It was more able to fit all requirements of a server system for
6517 schools than a Microsoft server system, even if there are only Windows
6518 clients because of it's preconfigured overall concept of being a
6519 infrastructure solution and community for schools, not only a
6520 server</li>
6521
6522 <li>I was able to configure the server to the needs of the
6523 school.</li>
6524
6525 </ul></p>
6526
6527 <p>Today some of the advantages has been lost, changed or new ones
6528 came up in this way:</p>
6529
6530 <p><ul>
6531
6532 <li>Most schools here do have money to buy hardware and software
6533 now.</li>
6534
6535 <li>They are today mostly managed from central IT departments which
6536 have own concepts which often do not fit to Debian Edu concepts
6537 because they are to close to Microsoft ideology.</li>
6538
6539 <li>With the Squeeze version of Debian Edu which now uses GOsa² for
6540 management I feel more able to manage the daily tasks than with the
6541 interfaces used in the past.</li>
6542
6543 <li>It is more modular than in the past and fits even better to the
6544 different needs.</li>
6545
6546 <li>The documentation is usable and gets better every day.</li>
6547
6548 <li>More people than ever before are using Debian Edu all over the
6549 world and so the community, which is an very important part I think,
6550 is sharing knowledge and minds.</li>
6551
6552 <li>Most, maybe all, of the technical requirements for schools are
6553 solved today by Debian Edu. </li>
6554
6555 </ul></p>
6556
6557 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6558 Edu?</strong></p>
6559
6560 <p><ul>
6561
6562 <li>There are too few IT companies able to integrate Debian Edu into
6563 their product portfolio for serving schools with concepts or even
6564 whole municipality areas.</li>
6565
6566 <li>Debian Edu has beside other free and open software projects not
6567 enough lobbyists which promote free and open software to
6568 politicians.</li>
6569
6570 <li>Technically there are no disadvantages I'm aware of.</li>
6571
6572 </ul></p>
6573
6574 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
6575
6576 <p>I use Debian stable on my home server and on my little desktop
6577 computer. On my laptop I use Debian testing/sid. The applications I
6578 use on my laptop and my desktop are Open/Libre-office, Iceweasel,
6579 KMail, DigiKam, Amarok, Dolphin, okular and all the other programs I
6580 need from the KDE environment.  On console I use newsbeuter, mutt,
6581 screen, irssi and all the other famous and useful tools.</p>
6582
6583 <p>My home server provides mail services with exim, dovecot, roundcube
6584 and mutt over ssh on the console, file services with samba, NFS,
6585 rsync, web services with apache, moinmoin-wiki, multimedia services
6586 with gallery2 and mediatomb and database services with MySQL for me
6587 and the whole family.  I probably forgot something.</p>
6588
6589 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
6590 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
6591
6592 <p>I believe, we should provide concepts for IT companies to integrate
6593 Debian Edu into their product portfolio with use cases for different
6594 countries and areas all over the world.</p>
6595
6596       </div>
6597       <div class="tags">
6598
6599
6600         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
6601
6602
6603       </div>
6604     </div>
6605     <div class="padding"></div>
6606
6607     <div class="entry">
6608       <div class="title">
6609         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Forskning___GPL_gir_lokal_frihet_og_kontroll_gjennom_omfordeling_av_makt_fra_produsent_til_bruker_.html">Forskning: "GPL gir lokal frihet og kontroll gjennom omfordeling av makt fra produsent til bruker"</a>
6610       </div>
6611       <div class="date">
6612         15th April 2012
6613       </div>
6614       <div class="body">
6615         <p>Da jeg googlet etter noe annet kom jeg tilfeldigvis over
6616 <a href="http://www.duo.uio.no/sok/work.html?WORKID=58309">en
6617 hovedfagsoppgave</a> ved Universitetet i Oslo som diskuterer verdien
6618 av GPLs fire friheter for brukerne av IT-systemer.  Jeg ble fascinert
6619 over det som presenteres der.  Her er sammendraget:</p>
6620
6621 <p><blockquote>
6622
6623 <p>Motivasjonen til å skrive denne oppgaven er en personlig undring
6624 over hvorfor det primært, og ofte eksklusivt, fokuseres på det
6625 økonomiske aspektet ved utredninger om fri programvare er et godt valg
6626 for det offentlige. Fri og produsenteid programvare bygger på
6627 fundamentalt forskjellige ideologier som kan ha implikasjoner utover
6628 økonomiske kostnader. Kunnskapskulturen som er med på å definere fri
6629 programvare er basert på åpenhet, og er en verdi i seg selv.</p>
6630
6631 <p>Oppgavens tema er programvarelisensen GPL og frihet. GPL-lisensiert
6632 programvare gir visse friheter i forhold til produsenteid
6633 programvare. Mitt spørsmål er om, og eventuelt i hvilken utstrekning,
6634 disse frihetene blir benyttet av ulike brukere og hvordan de
6635 manifesterer seg for disse brukerne. Sentrale spørsmål i oppgaven
6636 er:</p>
6637
6638 <ul>
6639 <li>Hvordan fordeles handlekraft gjennom lisensieringen av programvaren?</li>
6640 <li>Hvilke konsekvenser har programvarelisensen for de ulike brukere? </li>
6641 </ul>
6642
6643 <p>Fri programvare gir blant annet brukeren mulighet til å studere og
6644 modifisere kildekoden. Denne formen for frihet erverves gjennom
6645 kunnskap og krever at brukeren også er en ekspert. Hva skjer med
6646 frihetene til GPL når sluttbrukeren er en annen? Dette diskuteres i
6647 dialog med informantene.</p>
6648
6649 <p>Jeg har i denne oppgaven samlet inn intervjudata fra IKT-ansvarlige
6650 ved grunnskolene i Nittedal kommune, driftsansvarlig og IKT-veilederen
6651 for skolene i kommunen, samt IKT-koordinator for utdanning i Akershus
6652 fylkeskommune og bokmåloversettere av OpenOffice.org. Den empiriske
6653 delen av oppgaven er delt inn i to seksjoner; den første omhandler
6654 operativsystemet Skolelinux, den andre kontorprogrampakken
6655 OpenOffice.org.</p>
6656
6657 <p>Som vi vil se gir GPL lokal frihet og kontroll gjennom omfordeling
6658 av makt fra produsent til bruker. Brukerens makt analyseres gjennom
6659 begrepene brukermedvirkning og handlingsfrihet. Det blir også lagt
6660 vekt på strukturelle forhold rundt bruken av teknologi, og spesielt de
6661 økonomiske begrepene nettverkseksternaliteter, innlåsing og
6662 stiavhengighet. Dette er begreper av spesiell nytte når objektet som
6663 omsettes eller distribueres er et kommunikasjonsprodukt, fordi verdien
6664 til et slikt gode for en potensiell bruker avhenger av antall
6665 eksisterende brukere av godet. I tilknytning til denne problematikken
6666 inneholder oppgaven også en diskusjon rundt åpne standarder og
6667 formater.</p>
6668
6669 <p>Oppgaven konkluderer med at de «fire frihetene» som GPL-lisensen er
6670 laget for å beskytte er av avgjørende betydning for bruken av
6671 OpenOffice.org og Skolelinux, i Akershus fylkeskommune såvel som i
6672 skolene i Nittedal. Distribusjonen av handlekraft er ikke helt
6673 symmetrisk. Det er først og fremst de profesjonelle utviklerne i
6674 Skolelinux som direkte kan nyttiggjøre seg friheten til å endre kode,
6675 mens en sluttbruker som Nittedal kommune nyttiggjør seg den økonomiske
6676 friheten til å kunne distribuere programmene. Det er imidlertid også
6677 slik at ingen aktør klarer seg uten alle disse «frihetene».</p>
6678 </blockquote></p>
6679
6680 <p>Jeg fant også en masteroppgave fra 2006, men der ligger ikke
6681 komplett oppgave tilgjengelig.  På tide å holde et øye med
6682 <a href="http://www.duo.uio.no/sok/search.html?q=skolelinux">Skolelinux-søket</a>
6683 til DUO...</p>
6684
6685
6686       </div>
6687       <div class="tags">
6688
6689
6690         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6691
6692
6693       </div>
6694     </div>
6695     <div class="padding"></div>
6696
6697     <div class="entry">
6698       <div class="title">
6699         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Andreas_Mundt.html">Debian Edu interview: Andreas Mundt</a>
6700       </div>
6701       <div class="date">
6702         15th April 2012
6703       </div>
6704       <div class="body">
6705         <p>Behind <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
6706 Skolelinux</a> there are a lot of people doing the hard work of
6707 setting together all the pieces.  This time I present to you Andreas
6708 Mundt, who have been part of the technical development team several
6709 years.  He was also a key contributor in getting GOsa and Kerberos set
6710 up in the recently released
6711 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">Debian
6712 Edu Squeeze</a> version.</p>
6713
6714 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
6715
6716 <p>My name is Andreas Mundt, I grew up in south Germany.  After
6717 studying Physics I spent several years at university doing research in
6718 Quantum Optics.  After that I worked some years in an optics company.
6719 Finally I decided to turn over a new leaf in my life and started
6720 teaching 10 to 19 years old kids at school.  I teach math, physics,
6721 information technology and science/technology.</p>
6722
6723 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
6724 project?</strong></p>
6725
6726 <p>Already before I switched to teaching, I followed the Debian Edu
6727 project because of my interest in education and Debian.  Within the
6728 qualification/training period for the teaching, I started
6729 contributing.</p>
6730
6731 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6732 Edu?</strong></p>
6733
6734 <p>The advantages of Debian Edu are the well known name, the
6735 out-of-the-box philosophy and of course the great free software of the
6736 Debian Project!</p>
6737
6738 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6739 Edu?</strong></p>
6740
6741 <p>As every coin has two sides, the out-of-the-box philosophy has its
6742 downside, too.  In my opinion, it is hard to modify and tweak the
6743 setup, if you need or want that.  Further more, it is not easily
6744 possible to upgrade the system to a new release.  It takes much too
6745 long after a Debian release to prepare the -Edu release, perhaps
6746 because the number of developers working on the core of the code is
6747 rather small and often busy elsewhere.</p>
6748
6749 <p>The <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianLAN">Debian LAN</a>
6750 project might fill the use case of a more flexible system.</p>
6751
6752 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
6753
6754 <p>I am only using non-free software if I am forced to and run Debian
6755 on all my machines.  For documents I prefer LaTeX and PGF/TikZ, then
6756 mutt and iceweasel for email respectively web browsing.  At school I
6757 have Arduino and Fritzing in use for a micro controller project.</p>
6758
6759 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
6760 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
6761
6762 <p>One of the major problems is the vendor lock-in from top to bottom:
6763 Especially in combination with ignorant government employees and
6764 politicians, this works out great for the "market-leader".  The school
6765 administration here in Baden-Wuerttemberg is occupied by that vendor.
6766 Documents have to be prepared in non-free, proprietary formats.  Even
6767 free browsers do not work for the school administration.  Publishers
6768 of school books provide software only for proprietary platforms.</p>
6769
6770 <p>To change this, political work is very important.  Parts of the
6771 political spectrum have become aware of the problem in the last years.
6772 However it takes quite some time and courageous politicians to 'free'
6773 the system.  There is currently some discussion about "Open Data" and
6774 "Free/Open Standards".  I am not sure if all the involved parties have
6775 a clue about the potential of these ideas, and probably only a
6776 fraction takes them seriously.  However it might slowly make free
6777 software and the philosophy behind it more known and popular.</p>
6778
6779       </div>
6780       <div class="tags">
6781
6782
6783         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
6784
6785
6786       </div>
6787     </div>
6788     <div class="padding"></div>
6789
6790     <div class="entry">
6791       <div class="title">
6792         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Justin_B__Rye.html">Debian Edu interview: Justin B. Rye</a>
6793       </div>
6794       <div class="date">
6795          8th April 2012
6796       </div>
6797       <div class="body">
6798         <p>It take all kind of contributions to create a Linux distribution
6799 like <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>,
6800 and this time I lend the ear to Justin B. Rye, who is listed as a big
6801 contributor to the
6802 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">Debian
6803 Edu Squeeze release manual</a>.
6804
6805 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
6806
6807 <p>I'm a 44-year-old linguistics graduate living in Edinburgh who has
6808 occasionally been employed as a sysadmin.</p>
6809
6810 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
6811 project?</strong></p>
6812
6813 <p>I'm neither a developer nor a Skolelinux/Debian Edu user!  The only
6814 reason my name's in the credits for the documentation is that I hang
6815 around on debian-l10n-english waiting for people to mention things
6816 they'd like a native English speaker to proofread...  So I did a sweep
6817 through the wiki for typos and Norglish and inconsistent spellings of
6818 "localisation".</p>
6819
6820 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6821 Edu?</strong></p>
6822
6823 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6824 Edu?</strong></p>
6825
6826 <p>These questions are too hard for me - I don't use it!  In fact I
6827 had hardly any contact with I.T. until long after I'd got out of the
6828 education system.</p>
6829
6830 <p>I can tell you the advantages of Debian for me though: it soaks up
6831 as much of my free time as I want and no more, and lets me do
6832 everything I want a computer for without ever forcing me to spend
6833 money on the latest hardware.</p>
6834
6835 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
6836
6837 <p>I've been using Debian since Rex; popularity-contest says the
6838 software that I use most is xinit, xterm, and xulrunner (in other
6839 words, I use a distinctly retro sort of desktop).</p>
6840
6841 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
6842 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
6843
6844 <p>Well, I don't know.  I suppose I'd be inclined to try reasoning
6845 with the people who make the decisions, but obviously if that worked
6846 you would hardly need a strategy.</p>
6847
6848       </div>
6849       <div class="tags">
6850
6851
6852         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
6853
6854
6855       </div>
6856     </div>
6857     <div class="padding"></div>
6858
6859     <div class="entry">
6860       <div class="title">
6861         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_the_KDE_menu_is_slow_when__usr__is_NFS_mounted___and_a_workaround.html">Why the KDE menu is slow when /usr/ is NFS mounted - and a workaround</a>
6862       </div>
6863       <div class="date">
6864          6th April 2012
6865       </div>
6866       <div class="body">
6867         <p>Recently I have spent time with
6868 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a> on speeding
6869 up a <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
6870 Lenny installation using LTSP diskless workstations, and in the
6871 process I discovered something very surprising.  The reason the KDE
6872 menu was responding slow when using it for the first time, was mostly
6873 due to the way KDE find application icons.  I discovered that showing
6874 the Multimedia menu would cause more than 20 000 IP packages to be
6875 passed between the LTSP client and the NFS server.  Most of these were
6876
6877 NFS LOOKUP calls, resulting in a NFS3ERR_NOENT response.  Because the
6878 ping times between the client and the server were in the range 2-20
6879 ms, the menus would be very slow.  Looking at the strace of kicker in
6880 Lenny (or plasma-desktop i Squeeze - same problem there), I see that
6881 the source of these NFS calls are access(2) system calls for
6882 non-existing files.  KDE can do hundreds of access(2) calls to find
6883 one icon file.  In my example, just finding the mplayer icon required
6884 around 230 access(2) calls.</p>
6885
6886 <p>The KDE code seem to search for icons using a list of icon
6887 directories, and the list of possible directories is large.  In
6888 (almost) each directory, it look for files ending in .png, .svgz, .svg
6889 and .xpm.  The result is a very slow KDE menu when /usr/ is NFS
6890 mounted.  Showing a single sub menu may result in thousands of NFS
6891 requests.  I am not the first one to discover this.  I found a
6892 <a href="https://bugs.kde.org/show_bug.cgi?id=211416">KDE bug report
6893 from 2009</a> about this problem, and it is still unsolved.</p>
6894
6895 <p>My solution to speed up the KDE menu was to create a package
6896 kde-icon-cache that upon installation will look at all .desktop files
6897 used to generate the KDE menu, find their icons, search the icon paths
6898 for the file that KDE will end up finding at run time, and copying the
6899 icon file to /var/lib/kde-icon-cache/.  Finally, I add symlinks to
6900 these icon files in one of the first directories where KDE will look
6901 for them.  This cut down the number of file accesses required to find
6902 one icon from several hundred to less than 5, and make the KDE menu
6903 almost instantaneous.  I'm not quite sure where to make the package
6904 publicly available, so for now it is only available on request.</p>
6905
6906 <p>The bug report mention that this do not only affect the KDE menu
6907 and icon handling, but also the login process.  Not quite sure how to
6908 speed up that part without replacing NFS with for example NBD, and
6909 that is not really an option at the moment.</p>
6910
6911 <p>If you got feedback on this issue, please let us know on debian-edu
6912 (at) lists.debian.org.</p>
6913
6914 <p>Update 2015-08-04: The
6915 <a href="http://anonscm.debian.org/cgit/debian-edu/upstream/kde-icon-cache.git/">source
6916 of the scripts and associated Debian package</a> is available from the
6917 Debian Edu github repository.</p>
6918
6919       </div>
6920       <div class="tags">
6921
6922
6923         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6924
6925
6926       </div>
6927     </div>
6928     <div class="padding"></div>
6929
6930     <div class="entry">
6931       <div class="title">
6932         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_in_the_Linux_Weekly_News.html">Debian Edu in the Linux Weekly News</a>
6933       </div>
6934       <div class="date">
6935          5th April 2012
6936       </div>
6937       <div class="body">
6938         <p>About two weeks ago, I was interviewed via email about
6939 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a> by
6940 Bruce Byfield in Linux Weekly News.  The result was made public for
6941 non-subscribers today.  I am pleased to see liked our Linux solution
6942 for schools.  Check out his article
6943 <a href="https://lwn.net/Articles/488805/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux: A
6944 distribution for education</a> if you want to learn more.</p>
6945
6946       </div>
6947       <div class="tags">
6948
6949
6950         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6951
6952
6953       </div>
6954     </div>
6955     <div class="padding"></div>
6956
6957     <div class="entry">
6958       <div class="title">
6959         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Wolfgang_Schweer.html">Debian Edu interview: Wolfgang Schweer</a>
6960       </div>
6961       <div class="date">
6962          1st April 2012
6963       </div>
6964       <div class="body">
6965         <p>Germany is a core area for the
6966 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
6967 user community, and this time I managed to get hold of Wolfgang
6968 Schweer, a valuable contributor to the project from Germany.
6969
6970 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
6971
6972 <p>I've studied Mathematics at the university 'Ruhr-Universität' in
6973 Bochum, Germany. Since 1981 I'm working as a teacher at the school
6974 "<a href="http://www.westfalenkolleg-dortmund.de/">Westfalen-Kolleg
6975 Dortmund</a>", a second chance school.  Here, young adults is given
6976 the opportunity to get further education in order to do the school
6977 examination 'Abitur', which will allow to study at a university. This
6978 second chance is of value for those who want a better job perspective
6979 or failed to get a higher school examination being teens.</p>
6980
6981 <p>Besides teaching I was involved in developing online courses for a
6982 blended learning project called 'abitur-online.nrw' and in some other
6983 information technology related projects. For about ten years I've been
6984 teacher and coordinator for the 'abitur-online' project at my
6985 school. Being now in my early sixties, I've decided to leave school at
6986 the end of April this year.</p>
6987
6988 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
6989 project?</strong></p>
6990
6991 <p>The first information about Skolelinux must have come to my
6992 attention years ago and somehow related to LTSP (Linux Terminal Server
6993 Project).  At school, we had set up a network at the beginning of 1997
6994 using Suse Linux on the desktop, replacing a Novell network. Since
6995 2002, we used old machines from the city council of Dortmund as thin
6996 clients (LTSP, later Ubuntu/Lessdisks) cause new hardware was out of
6997 reach. At home I'm using Debian since years and - subscribed to the
6998 Debian news letter - heard from time to time about Skolelinux. About
6999 two years ago I proposed to replace the (somehow undocumented and only
7000 known to me) system at school by a well known Debian based system:
7001 Skolelinux.</p>
7002
7003 <p>Students and teachers appreciated the new system because of a
7004 better look and feel and an enhanced access to local media on thin
7005 clients.  The possibility to alter and/or reset passwords using a GUI
7006 was welcomed, too. Being able to do administrative tasks using a GUI
7007 and to easily set up workstations using PXE was of very high value for
7008 the admin teachers.</p>
7009
7010 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
7011 Edu?</strong></p>
7012
7013 <p>It's open source, easy to set up, stable and flexible due to it's
7014 Debian base. It integrates LTSP out-of-the-box. And it is documented!
7015 So it was a perfect choice.</p>
7016
7017 <p>Being open source, there are no license problems and so it's
7018 possible to point teachers and students to programs like
7019 OpenOffice.org, ViewYourMind (mind mapping) and The Gimp.  It's of
7020 high value to be able to adapt parts of the system to special needs of
7021 a school and to choose where to get support for this.</p>
7022
7023 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
7024 Edu?</strong></p>
7025
7026 <p>Nothing yet.</p>
7027
7028 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
7029
7030 <p>At home (Debian Sid with Gnome Desktop): Iceweasel, LibreOffice,
7031 Mutt, Gedit, Document Viewer, Midnight Commander, flpsed (PDF
7032 Annotator).  At school (Skolelinux Lenny): Iceweasel, Gedit,
7033 LibreOffice.</p>
7034
7035 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
7036 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
7037
7038 <p>Some time ago I thought it was enough to tell people about it. But
7039 that doesn't seem to work quite well. Now I concentrate on those more
7040 interested and hope to get multiplicators that way.</p>
7041
7042       </div>
7043       <div class="tags">
7044
7045
7046         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
7047
7048
7049       </div>
7050     </div>
7051     <div class="padding"></div>
7052
7053     <div class="entry">
7054       <div class="title">
7055         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html">Linux-skoler har høyere PC-tetthet enn landsgjennomsnittet - pressemelding fra FRiSK</a>
7056       </div>
7057       <div class="date">
7058         30th March 2012
7059       </div>
7060       <div class="body">
7061         <p>I dag har <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no">FRiSK</a>
7062 sendt ut følgende pressemelding basert på mine beregninger av
7063 PC-tetthet på Linux-skoler:</p>
7064
7065 <p><strong>Linux-skoler har høyere PC-tetthet enn
7066 landsgjennomsnittet</strong></p>
7067
7068 <p>Oslo, 30 Mars 2012</p>
7069
7070 <p>Det er store forskjeller på skolenes digitale tilstand, viser
7071 undersøkelsen Monitor 2011 som er laget på oppdrag fra
7072 Kunnskapsdepartementet. Dette har ført til debatt om PC-tilgangen i
7073 skolen, og om de med Linux i skolen gjør det bedre bedre eller
7074 dårligere enn snittet i landet.</p>
7075
7076 <p>Nå har vi tallene. Skoler med Linux har 36% større PC-tetthet en
7077 landsgjennomsnittet. På spørsmål hvorfor skoler med Linux har større
7078 PC-tetthet, observerer Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken som er IKT-konsulent i
7079 Nord-Odal:</p>
7080
7081 <p><blockquote>"Vi erfarer at klienter med Skolelinux har god funksjon
7082 til de er 8 til 10 år gamle. Dette er omtrent dobbelt så lenge som
7083 andre løsninger, og skolene får mer datautstyr for
7084 pengene."</blockquote></p>
7085
7086 <p>Undersøkelsen baserer seg på 56 skoler som har gjort det offentlig
7087 at de kjører Skolelinux eller annen Linux-utgave. De kan også ha PC-er
7088 med Windows i skolenettet. Når en sammenligner PC-tetthetene på
7089 skolene i kommunene Flora, Harstad, Kongsvinger, Narvik, Nittedal,
7090 Nord-Odal og Randaberg, er det i snitt 2,28 elev pr. PC på skolene med
7091 Linux. På landsbasis er det 3.11 elev per PC i grunnskolen, i følge
7092 side 95 i Monitor-rapporten for 2011. Målingen viser dermed 36% større
7093 PC-tetthet i skoler med Linux.</p>
7094
7095 <p><strong>Om Skolelinux/Debian Edu</strong></p>
7096
7097 <p>Skolelinux har til hensikt å gi alle barn full tilgang til
7098 skoleaktuelle dataprogram på sitt eget morsmål. Derfor følger det med
7099 godt over 100 skoleaktuelle programmene laget for læring. De fleste
7100 programmene er oversatt til over 50 språk. Elevene skal også kunne
7101 studere alle sider av dataprogrammene. Derfor følger også kildekode
7102 med. Elever med interesse kan lære av eksperter som har laget
7103 systemet. Dette med enkelt programmering i læreprogram som KTurtle,
7104 til profesjonelle verktøy som Qt Creator eller Java.</p>
7105
7106 <p>Skolelinux er laget for sentralisert drift, der alt teknisk
7107 administrasjon av alle skolene kan gjøres sentralt fra kommunehuset
7108 eller sentralt i en region.  F.eks. drifter to-tre personer 70.000
7109 skoledatamaskiner på 200 skoler i delstaten Extremadura i
7110 Spania. Etter velykket bruk av Debian Edu i skolen, legger delstaten
7111 over til Debian på 40.000 datamaskiner i administrasjonen. Det er idag
7112 mange selskap som tilbyr profesjonell støtte til innføring og drift i
7113 Norge og verden.</p>
7114
7115 <p><strong>Om FRiSK</strong></p>
7116
7117 <p>Medlemsforeningen Fri Programvare i Skolen organiserer
7118 dugnadsprosjektet som står bak Skolelinux.</p>
7119
7120 <p><strong>Kontaktperson</strong></p>
7121
7122 <p>Knut Yrvin</p>
7123
7124 <p>Leder av Fri Programvare i Skolen (FRISK)</p>
7125
7126 <p>Epost: knuty at skolelinux.no
7127 <br>Mobil: +47 93 479 561</p>
7128
7129 <p><strong>Referanser</strong></p>
7130
7131 <p><ul>
7132
7133  <li><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">http://www.skolelinux.org/</a></li>
7134  <li><a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/</a></li>
7135  <li><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Download">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Download</a></li>
7136  <li><a href="https://www.wis.no/gsi">https://www.wis.no/gsi</a></li>
7137  <li><a href="http://iktsenteret.no/sites/iktsenteret.no/files/attachments/monitor2011.pdf">http://iktsenteret.no/sites/iktsenteret.no/files/attachments/monitor2011.pdf</a></li>
7138  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html">https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html</a></li>
7139  <li><a href="https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/linuxiskolen/2012-March/018500.html">https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/linuxiskolen/2012-March/018500.html</a></li>
7140
7141 </ul></p>
7142
7143       </div>
7144       <div class="tags">
7145
7146
7147         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7148
7149
7150       </div>
7151     </div>
7152     <div class="padding"></div>
7153
7154     <div class="entry">
7155       <div class="title">
7156         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Roy_Arne_Myhre.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Roy-Arne Myhre</a>
7157       </div>
7158       <div class="date">
7159         28th March 2012
7160       </div>
7161       <div class="body">
7162         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
7163 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi
7164 denne gangen høre fra en IKT-ansvarlig som har brukt Skolelinux i
7165 mange år, og vært storfornøyd med erfaringene så langt.</p>
7166
7167 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7168
7169 <p>Mitt navn er Roy-Arne Myhre og jeg er 42 år.  Jeg er ansatt hos
7170 <a href="http://www.sandskole.no/">Sand skole</a> (Balsfjord kommune)
7171 og har stort sett vært det siden 1990.  Jeg er IKT ansvarlig ved
7172 skolen i 40% stilling – 10% undervisning – musikk.</p>
7173
7174 <p>Ved skolen er det ca 100 elever og ca 18 lærere + 4 assistenter i
7175 hele og delte stillinger. Alle lærerne har bærbar PC (dessverre med
7176 Win Vista) – assistenter har tilgang til egne. Vi benytter Fronter i
7177 det daglige arbeidet.  Vi har ca 90 elevmaskiner som fungerer til
7178 daglig opp mot Linux server (XFCE) som driftes av
7179 <a href="http://www.bzz.no/">BzzWare AS</a> via nett. Maskinparken
7180 består kun av brukt utstyr for elevene – og noe av dette begynner å
7181 bli vel gammelt selv som halvtykke klienter.</p>
7182
7183 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med
7184 Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7185
7186 <p>Vi kom første gang i kontakt med Skolelinux rundt 1997. Den gang
7187 var det oppstart-disketter i hver maskin, ikke mulighet for lyd og
7188 video, gamle nettverkskort og mye plundring.  Vi hadde en ihuga
7189 forelder med som pådriver, forsker og inspirator for hele opplegget.
7190 Selv ante jeg knapt at Skolelinux fantes, men han var av den
7191 utforskende typen, og fikk både meg og skolelederen i trua på at dette
7192 var ting som kunne fungere.  Etter dette har det gått gradvis
7193 framover; flere maskiner er hentet inn gjennom bl.a
7194 <a href="http://www.greentech.no/">Greentech</a> og utrangert utstyr
7195 fra høgskole / Avinor og private givere. Når maskinene ble for trege
7196 for nye Windows-versjoner, sto vi klare til å putte dem i nettverket
7197 vårt.  Dette betyr at vi i dag har 1:1 dekning av maskiner på
7198 ungdomstrinnet og bedre enn 1:2 på barnetrinnet. Dette er vi veldig
7199 fornøyd med, og vi kan ikke se for oss hverdagen som ville vært
7200 alternativet ved bruk av Windows med sine lisenser pr. Bruker/maskin.
7201 Da ville vi nok vært tilbake til 1-2 maskiner pr klasserom med de
7202 negative konsekvenser det ville hatt for undervisningsformene våre. Vi
7203 kan ha en hel klasse i prosjektjobbing eller individuell jobbing
7204 samtidig – vi kan avholde tentamen og eksamen uten
7205 logistikkproblemer.</p>
7206
7207 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7208
7209 Hvor skal jeg begynne... Stabiliteten er et nøkkelord - det bare
7210 virker.  Har du først fått en server med Skolelinux opp og gå, så må
7211 det en maskinarefeil eller sabotasje til for å stoppe den.  Det at man
7212 kan bruke eldre maskiner som normalt sett ville gått på dynga, er også
7213 glimrende - billig for skoler med dårlig økonomi og bra for miljøet
7214 siden vi gjenbruker utstyr i stedet for å skaffe nytt. Vi ville aldri
7215 hatt mulighet til å operere med det maskinantallet vi har pr i dag
7216 hvis det ikke var for Skolelinux - så tilgjengelighet er et annet
7217 nøkkelord. Et tredje moment er sikkerhet og brukertilgang. Alle
7218 brukerer opererer med egne brukernavn og passord, samt egne
7219 brukerområder som kan tilpasses for både enbrukertilgang og for
7220 samarbeid med andre.
7221
7222 Elever har godt av å se at det finnes andre alternativer enn de som
7223 storindustrien selger på lisensbasis - på den måten trenes de opp til
7224 å se flere muligheter og å foreta valg ut fra flere opsjoner.
7225
7226 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7227
7228 <p>Ulempene med Skolelinux er nok utbredelsen og mangelen på kjennskap
7229 til dette i skolenorge.  De som skal ta økonomiske avgjørelser rynker
7230 på nesen og vil gå for det kjente og «sikre» selv om det koster mye
7231 mer. Man får rett og slett litt hetta av å ikke kunne noe – og unngår
7232 dette for enhver pris.</p>
7233
7234 <p>I tillegg er mye av linux-systemet administrert av tekstkommandoer
7235 og er lite intuitiv/visuell for oss som ikke er «inne i»
7236 kildekodene». Så problemet er nok mye godt at de som
7237 utarbeider/drifter Skolelinux ikke helt klarer å sette seg ned på
7238 skoleadministratorens nivå når det gjelder problemer og
7239 utfordringer. Men dette er nok en utfordring alle administratorer
7240 sliter med uansett OS.</p>
7241
7242 <p>Derfor har vi valgt å støtte oss til BzzWare AS for assistanse i
7243 drifta slik at jeg har kunnet konsentrere meg mer om kabling, skifting
7244 av komponenter, veiledning av lærere og elever, vedlikehold av
7245 skrivere og annen daglig drift.</p>
7246
7247 <p>Elevene mestrer Skolelinux helt fint.  Så lenge Internett
7248 (Iceweasel) og Libreoffice (Openoffice) fungerer er 90% av
7249 skolehverdagen velfungerende. I tillegg brukes jo en del av den
7250 pedagogiske programpakken bla. i forhold til matematikk og geografi,
7251 men det er såpass mye bra på nett om dagen, så disse programmene er
7252 mer som krydder å regne.</p>
7253
7254 <p>Jeg skulle ønske neste versjon av Skolelinux kunne komme litt
7255 mindre stappet med programmer, for halvparten blir aldri brukt, eller
7256 fungerer ikke uansett.  Hva med et pedagogisk panel av lærere/IKT
7257 ansvarlige som kunne sagt: disse programmene skal være standard, så
7258 får resten være slike man kan legge til ved behov – det kan lett bli
7259 en jungel å bevege seg i.</p>
7260
7261 <p>Jeg ønsker meg også en mer grafisk versjon av
7262 <a href="http://bzz.no/lwat/trac/trac.cgi">Lwat</a> hvor man kan krysse
7263 ut de som f.eks ikke skal ha internett-tilgang en dag pga
7264 eksamen/tentamen, samt en noe enklere brannmurløsning hvor man kan
7265 stenge for en del (få) sider på en enkel måte.  Jeg liker godt
7266 Skolelinux sin ideologi om at filteret skal trenes i hodet på eleven –
7267 men av og til skulle jeg ønske at f.eks Facebook og Youtube kunne vært
7268 koblet vekk en periode for å få bedre utnyttelse av tid og
7269 ressurser. Disse to nettstedene er nok mye av årsaken til at mange
7270 lærere holder igjen databruken noe mer enn man kunne ønske.</p>
7271
7272 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7273
7274 Jeg benytter nesten bare fri programvare til daglig. LibreOffice,
7275 Iceweasel (Firefox), Thunderbird til e-post og Gimp til
7276 bildebehandling.  Vi har PHP-Nuke-oppsatt hjemmeside. Det eneste som
7277 jeg ikke har fått helt til enda er videoredigering - her må man vel
7278 innrømme at Mac er hakket over, men da er vi igjen over på å se hva
7279 som egner seg best, og ta valg ut fra det. Folk flest lever i
7280 villfarelsen om at regneark HETER Excel og tekstbehandling HETER
7281 Word. Dette er en misforståelse som jeg bruker mye energi på å
7282 diskutere og "åpne sinn" på Microsoft-slaver.  Dessverre er det mange
7283 IKT-ansvarlige som også har låst seg på at det eneste saliggjørende er
7284 Bill G sine produkter.
7285
7286 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7287 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7288
7289 <p>For å komme lenger i utbredelsen av Skolelinux tror jeg det må mer
7290 fram i nasjonale medier, samt komme bedre fram hva økonomien i dette
7291 valget vil være – samt mulighetene. Fri programvare er en berikelse og
7292 gjør oss i stand til å utføre arbeidet i skolen uten å måtte legge
7293 igjen tusener på tusener i Bill Gates lomme.. Få ETT nettsted med
7294 forståelig veiledning av installasjon/oppgradering og ETT forum med
7295 konkrete feilrettinger og problemer, så tror jeg vi kunne kommet et
7296 par skritt framover. Ellers tror jeg bare at ildsjelene må fortsette å
7297 skinne – kanskje flere enn oss følger etter på veien.</p>
7298
7299       </div>
7300       <div class="tags">
7301
7302
7303         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7304
7305
7306       </div>
7307     </div>
7308     <div class="padding"></div>
7309
7310     <div class="entry">
7311       <div class="title">
7312         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_screencast__Checking_email_with_kmail_using_Kerberos_authentication.html">Debian Edu screencast: Checking email with kmail using Kerberos authentication</a>
7313       </div>
7314       <div class="date">
7315         25th March 2012
7316       </div>
7317       <div class="body">
7318         <!-- Video HTML based on http://www.diveintohtml5.net/video.html -->
7319
7320 <p>The same Debian Edu developer that did the last screen cast I
7321 published, Wolfgang Schweer, has created a new screen cast showing how
7322 to set up Kmail in Debian Edu Squeze to authenticate using Kerberos,
7323 allowing users to check their local email account without providing
7324 any password. The video is embedded here in quarter size,
7325 and also available from <a href="https://vimeo.com/38601767">vimeo</a>
7326 and download as a
7327 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv">Ogg
7328 Theora</a> file.  Check it out below.</p>
7329
7330 <p><video id="kmail-kerberos-movie" width="256" height="184" preload controls>
7331   <source src="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv" type='video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"' />
7332     <p>Download video as
7333       <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv">Ogg</a>.</p>
7334 </video></p>
7335
7336       </div>
7337       <div class="tags">
7338
7339
7340         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7341
7342
7343       </div>
7344     </div>
7345     <div class="padding"></div>
7346
7347     <div class="entry">
7348       <div class="title">
7349         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html">Større PC-tetthet i skolen med Skolelinux?</a>
7350       </div>
7351       <div class="date">
7352         19th March 2012
7353       </div>
7354       <div class="body">
7355         <p>Den siste uka har det vært en del skriverier om hvor store
7356 forskjeller det er mellom skolene når det gjelder digital kompetanse.
7357 Et eksempel er
7358 <a href="http://www.digi.no/891660/bekymret-for-it-i-skolen">oppslaget
7359 i Digi</a>.  Diskusjonen fikk meg til å bli litt nysgjerrig på om
7360 Linux-skoler har større PC-tettet enn snittet i landet.  Grunnlaget
7361 for diskusjonen har vært undersøkelsen
7362 <a href="https://iktsenteret.no/ressurser/monitor-2011-skolens-digitale-tilstand">Monitor
7363 2011</a>, som bruker informasjon fra
7364 <a href="https://www.wis.no/gsi">Grunnskolens Informasjonssystem</a>
7365 (GSI).  GSI-data kan lastes ned fra web og jeg lastet ned en Excel-fil
7366 (intet åpen standard-valg tilgjengelig) med navn på alle skoler,
7367 hvilke kommune de befinner seg i og hvor mange elever pr. elev-PC de
7368 har rapportert inn.  For å få en ide om svaret trenger jeg deretter å
7369 vite hvilke skoler i landet som bruker Linux, slik at jeg kan slå dem
7370 opp i GSI og finne ut hvor stor PC-tetthet de har.</p>
7371
7372 <p>Jeg vet om skoler i Balsfjord, Flora, Harstad, Kongsvinger, Narvik,
7373 Nittedal, Nord-Odal, Randaberg og Sunndal som bruker Skolelinux eller
7374 andre Linux-varianter.  Jeg tror det er flere enn de 56 skolene jeg
7375 har klart å identifisere de siste dagene, men har ikke klart å få det
7376 bekreftet med offentlige kilder.</p>
7377
7378 <p>Monitor 2011-rapporteres side 95 forteller at det "ifølge GSI
7379 (20120-2011) er det 3,11 elever per datamaskin når vi tar med alle
7380 grunnskoler (1.-10.trinn)".  For de 56 Linux-skolene jeg har klart å
7381 koble mot informasjon i GSI er det 2,28 elever per elevdatamaskin,
7382 hvilket betyr at det er 36% høyere PC-tetthet på Linux-skoler enn
7383 landsgjennomsnittet.  Linux-skolen med høyest tettet blant de jeg har
7384 notert -skole er Flora ungdomsskule i Flora kommune med 0.82 elev
7385 pr. PC (482 elever, 588 elevdatamaskiner).</p>
7386
7387 <p>Skolelinux gir datamaskiner lengre levetid, og en kan dermed få
7388 flere operative datamaskiner for samme budsjett, i tillegg til en
7389 rekke andre fordeler.  Kan det være forklaringen på forskjellen?</p>
7390
7391 <p>Tallene må tas med en liten klype, da GSI ser ut til å ha endel
7392 feilføringer.  Jeg synes i hvert fall en skole med 423 elever og 9
7393 elevmaskiner ser mistenkelig ut.  Eller en skole med 346 elever, 0
7394 elevmaskiner, som er et annet ekstremt eksempel jeg fant.</p>
7395
7396 <p>Takk til Sturle Sunde, Klaus Ade Johnstad, Ole-Anders Andreassen og
7397 Trond Mæhlum for innspill om skoler med Linux.</p>
7398
7399       </div>
7400       <div class="tags">
7401
7402
7403         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7404
7405
7406       </div>
7407     </div>
7408     <div class="padding"></div>
7409
7410     <div class="entry">
7411       <div class="title">
7412         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__John_Ingleby.html">Debian Edu interview: John Ingleby</a>
7413       </div>
7414       <div class="date">
7415         19th March 2012
7416       </div>
7417       <div class="body">
7418         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
7419 users are spread all across the globe.  The second inteview after
7420 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">the
7421 Squeeze release</a> was publised is with John Ingleby, a teacher and
7422 long time Linux user in United Kingdom.</p>
7423
7424 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
7425
7426 <p>I teach ICT part time at the Rudolf Steiner School in Kings
7427 Langley, near London, UK. Previously I worked as a technical
7428 author/trainer while my children attended the school, and I also
7429 contributed to the Schoolforge UK community with the aim of
7430 encouraging UK schools to adopt free/open source software. Five or six
7431 years ago we had about 50 schools interested in some way, but we
7432 weren't able to convert many of them into sustainable
7433 installations.</p>
7434
7435 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
7436 project?</strong></p>
7437
7438 <p>Skolelinux had two representatives at an early Edubuntu meeting in
7439 London which I attended. However at that time our school network had
7440 just been installed using CentOS, LTSP 4 and GNOME. When LTSP 5 came
7441 along we switched to Edubuntu thin client servers so now we have a
7442 mixed environment which includes Windows PCs and student laptops, as
7443 well as their MacBooks and iPads. However, the proprietary systems
7444 have always been rather problematic, and we never built a GUI for the
7445 LDAP server, so when I discovered Skolelinux is configured for all
7446 these things we decided to try it.</p>
7447
7448 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
7449 Edu?</strong></p>
7450
7451 <p>By far the biggest advantage is the Debian Edu community. Apart
7452 from that I have always believed in the same "sustainable computing"
7453 goals that Skolelinux is built on: installing Linux on computers which
7454 would otherwise be thrown away, to provide a reliable, secure and
7455 low-cost IT environment for schools. From my own experience I know
7456 that a part-time person can teach and manage a network of about 25
7457 Linux computers, but it would take much more of my time if we had
7458 proprietary software everywhere.</p>
7459
7460 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
7461 Edu?</strong></p>
7462
7463 <p>As a newcomer I'm just finding out who's who in the community and
7464 how you're organised, and what your procedures are for dealing with
7465 various things such as editing manual pages and so-on. The only
7466 English language mailing list seems to be for developers as well as
7467 users, so my inbox needs heavy pruning each day!</p>
7468
7469 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
7470
7471 <p>Besides the software already mentioned at school we use Samba,
7472 OpenLDAP, CUPS, Nagios and Dansguardian for the network, and on the
7473 desktops we have LibreOffice, Firefox, GIMP and Inkscape. At home I
7474 use Ubuntu and an Android 4 eePad Transformer (but I'm not sure if
7475 that counts...)</p>
7476
7477 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
7478 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
7479
7480 <p>That's a tough question! For very many years UK schools installed
7481 and taught only proprietary software, so that at the highest levels
7482 the notion of "computer" means simply "proprietary office
7483 applications".  However, schools today are experiencing budget
7484 constraints, and many are having to think hard about upgrading Windows
7485 XP.  At the same time, we have students showing teachers how to use
7486 iPads, MacBooks and Android, so the choice of operating system is no
7487 longer quite so automatic. What is more, our government at last
7488 realised that we need people with programming skills, so they're
7489 putting coding back in the curriculum! And it's encouraging that the
7490 first 10,000 Raspberry Pi units sold out in 2 hours.</p>
7491
7492 <p>I don't really know what strategy is going to get UK schools to use
7493 free software, but building an active community of Skolelinux/Debian
7494 Edu users in this country has to be part of it.</p>
7495
7496       </div>
7497       <div class="tags">
7498
7499
7500         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
7501
7502
7503       </div>
7504     </div>
7505     <div class="padding"></div>
7506
7507     <div class="entry">
7508       <div class="title">
7509         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Writing_and_translating_documentation_in_Debian_Edu.html">Writing and translating documentation in Debian Edu</a>
7510       </div>
7511       <div class="date">
7512         16th March 2012
7513       </div>
7514       <div class="body">
7515         <p>Documentation in Debian Edu is provided in several languages, and
7516 it is important to make it both easy to contribute and to keep the
7517 translated versions in sync.  To do this we have come up with what we
7518 believe is a very efficient work flow.</p>
7519
7520 <ol>
7521
7522 <li>The documentation is written in a
7523 <a href="http://moinmo.in">moinmoin wiki</a> (see for example
7524 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">the
7525 Squeeze release manual</a>) with support for exporting the content as
7526 docbook XML.</li>
7527
7528 <li>This docbook document is given to po4a to extract a gettext style
7529 .pot file with the content, which in turn is used to create .po files
7530 with the translated text.</li>
7531
7532 <li>The .po files are given to translators, and they can always tell
7533 which part of the original wiki document is new or changed.  They can
7534 use their normal translation tools like lokalize or poedit to write
7535 the translation.  There is even a system in place to handle translated
7536 images.</li>
7537
7538 <li>The translated .po files are combined with the original docbook
7539 XML document using po4a to create a translated docbook document.</li>
7540
7541 <li>The final step is to use all the generated docbook files and
7542 create PDF and HTML version of the original and translated documents.</li>
7543
7544 </ol>
7545
7546 <p>This setup work very well, but have a few issues.  The biggest
7547 issue is that <a href="http://moinmo.in/DocBook">the docbook support
7548 we use in moinmoin</a> is not actively maintained.  The docbook
7549 support is also buggy, and our build system contain workarounds to
7550 make sure the generated docbook is usable despite these bugs.</p>
7551
7552 <p>If you want to have a look at our setup, it is all there in the
7553 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/debian-edu-doc">debian-edu-doc
7554 package</a>.</p>
7555
7556       </div>
7557       <div class="tags">
7558
7559
7560         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7561
7562
7563       </div>
7564     </div>
7565     <div class="padding"></div>
7566
7567     <div class="entry">
7568       <div class="title">
7569         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/NUUG_presentasjon__Skolelinux___ferdig_oppsatt_skolenettl_sning.html">NUUG-presentasjon: Skolelinux - ferdig oppsatt skolenettløsning</a>
7570       </div>
7571       <div class="date">
7572         13th March 2012
7573       </div>
7574       <div class="body">
7575         <p>I dag presenterte jeg ny versjon av Skolelinux for NUUGs medlemmer.
7576 <a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/mypapers/20120313-skolelinux-squeeze.html">Lysark</a>
7577 er tilgjengelige allerede og
7578 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20120313-skolelinux/">video-opptak</a>
7579 kommer så snart videogruppa til NUUG får publisert den.  Jeg kom på
7580 endel punkter om nye ting i Squeeze-utgaven under veis som jeg burde
7581 hatt med, og har sikkert skrevet noe tull på lysarkene som jeg ennå
7582 ikke har oppdaget.  Denne presentasjonen ble smurt ihop på veldig kort
7583 tid, og jeg rakk ikke finpusse den.  Håper den kan være lærerik
7584 likevel.</p>
7585
7586       </div>
7587       <div class="tags">
7588
7589
7590         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
7591
7592
7593       </div>
7594     </div>
7595     <div class="padding"></div>
7596
7597     <div class="entry">
7598       <div class="title">
7599         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__K_re_Nordby.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Kåre Nordby</a>
7600       </div>
7601       <div class="date">
7602         12th March 2012
7603       </div>
7604       <div class="body">
7605         <p>Første ut i serien med intervjuer av folk i
7606 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet etter at
7607 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">ny
7608 versjon av Skolelinux</a> ble lansert i helga, er nylig valgte
7609 styremedlem i foreningen
7610 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
7611 Skolen</a> (FRiSK) som organiserer
7612 Skolelinux-utviklingen og daglig leder i
7613 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a>, selskapet
7614 prosjektet opprettet som et tilbud til skoler som ønsket en
7615 kommersiell samarbeidsparter.  Det bør nevnes at jeg er styremedlem i
7616 Skolelinux Drift AS og styreleder i selskapets hovedeier stiftelsen
7617 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/">SLX Debian Labs</a>
7618 som beskytter verdiene til Skolelinux-prosjektet, og kjenner Kåre den
7619 veien.</p>
7620
7621 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7622
7623 <p>Jeg har siden januar 2010 vært daglig leder i Skolelinux Drift AS,
7624 som leverer support, installasjon, tilpasning, drift, og opplæring på
7625 Debian Edu / Skolelinux. Fra 2012 er jeg valgt inn som styremedlem i
7626 FRiSK.  Min forrige jobb var som KAM i Redpill Linpro (som er en av
7627 eierne i Skolelinux Drift).  Før det var jeg daglig leder i et eget 7
7628 manns konsulent selskap som også startet med fri programvare mot
7629 slutten.</p>
7630
7631 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7632
7633 <p>Jeg hørte om det først når jeg jobbet i Redpill Linpro.  Men jeg
7634 har også en datter som går på en friskole, som også bruker Skolelinux.
7635 Som kjent har ikke friskoler de samme økonomiske rammebetingelsene som
7636 offentlige skoler, så for dem var det det absolutt beste alternativet.
7637 De anser også Skolelinux som et stabilt system, som bare går og går (i
7638 motsetning til det lille Windows-baserte nettverket de har på
7639 admin-siden).</p>
7640
7641 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7642
7643 <p>Sentralisert drift av tynne og diskløse arbeidsstasjoner. Således
7644 lydløse og raskere arbeidsstasjoner som er bedre i klasserommet.
7645 Lengre levetid på PC'er.  Store besparelser på maskinvare og drift. Og
7646 så klart fjerning av alle lisenskostnader. Personlig synes jeg også at
7647 mange av programmene er bedre enn alternativene. Men dette er ofte en
7648 smakssak og avhengig om man må ha det man er vant til fra før.</p>
7649
7650 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7651
7652 <p>For lite kjentskap til løsningen.  Noen ganger for dårlig
7653 kompatibilitet med arbeidsstasjoners/bærbare maskiner sine
7654 nettverksdrivere eller skjermkort. Men dette løser vi i skolene ved
7655 standardisering. Ellers er det få, om nesten ingen, av de kjente
7656 maskinvare / infrastruktur leverandørene til fylkes- / kommuner som
7657 tilbyr denne plattformen.  Skal dette endre seg så må kommunene selv
7658 sette slike krav til leverandørene.</p>
7659
7660 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7661
7662 <p>Har brukt OpenOffice.org siden starten (2001 ?), Kun Linux på
7663 desktop siden 2005. Bruker i dag Kubuntu, Libreoffice og ymse annet
7664 programvare til ulik kontorbruk som er lett å installere / teste via
7665 alle programarkivene som finnes.</p>
7666
7667 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7668 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7669
7670 <p>Fortsette å presentere flere av de gode eksemplene hvor Debian Edu
7671 / Skolelinux brukes i kommuner og enkeltskoler.  Vi må få bedre frem
7672 at det er mulig tilknytte både Windows og Mac klienter på denne
7673 plattformen (selv om det vil øke driftskostnadene).  Dette gjøres
7674 mange steder.  Spesielt er det mange lærere som ønsker å bruke
7675 Windows/Mac-bærbare, gjerne som sin private PC også. Det er også mulig
7676 for kommunen å integrere med Active Directory i stedet for OpenLDAP
7677 som kommer med ut av boksen (selv om også dette øker kostnadene).
7678 Dette vil muligens bidra til å fjerne noe motstand hos noen
7679 potensielle brukere / driftpersonell for å ta i bruk noe
7680 nytt. Fremveksten av mobile brukere og nettbrett går i vår favør.
7681 Brukerne blir kjent og vant til flere nye operativsystemer /
7682 brukergrensesnitt. Så utviklerfellesskapet bør jobbe videre med å
7683 integrere flere nye klienttyper, som ultra lav-kostklienter og
7684 nettbrett (blant annet fri programvare-alternativet
7685 <a href="http://makeplaylive.com/">Spark</a> med
7686 <a href="http://www.merproject.org/">Mer OS</a> og
7687 <a href="http://plasma-active.org/">KDE Active Plasma</a>).</p>
7688
7689       </div>
7690       <div class="tags">
7691
7692
7693         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7694
7695
7696       </div>
7697     </div>
7698     <div class="padding"></div>
7699
7700     <div class="entry">
7701       <div class="title">
7702         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_Squeeze_is_out_.html">Skolelinux / Debian Edu Squeeze is out!</a>
7703       </div>
7704       <div class="date">
7705         11th March 2012
7706       </div>
7707       <div class="body">
7708         <p>This weekend we finally published the first stable release of
7709 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a> based
7710 on Debian/Squeeze.  The full announcement is
7711 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">available</a>
7712 from the project announcement list.  Now is a good time to test if it
7713 you have not done so already.</p>
7714
7715 <p>I plan to present the new version at
7716 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20120313-skolelinux/">a NUUG
7717 meeting</a> on tuesday.  I look forward to seeing you there if you are
7718 in Oslo, Norway.</p>
7719
7720       </div>
7721       <div class="tags">
7722
7723
7724         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7725
7726
7727       </div>
7728     </div>
7729     <div class="padding"></div>
7730
7731     <div class="entry">
7732       <div class="title">
7733         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Nigel_Barker.html">Debian Edu interview: Nigel Barker</a>
7734       </div>
7735       <div class="date">
7736          9th March 2012
7737       </div>
7738       <div class="body">
7739         <p>Inspired by <a href="http://raphaelhertzog.com/tag/interview/">the
7740 interview series</a> conducted by Raphael, I started a Norwegian
7741 interview series with people involved in the Debian Edu / Skolelinux
7742 community.  This was so popular that I believe it is time to move to a
7743 more international audience.</p>
7744
7745 <p>While <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
7746 Skolelinux</a> originated in France and Norway, and have most users in
7747 Europe, there are users all around the globe.  One of those far away
7748 from me is Nigel Barker, a long time Debian Edu system administrator
7749 and contributor.  It is thanks to him that Debian Edu is adjusted to
7750 work out of the box in Japan.  I got him to answer a few questions,
7751 and am happy to share the response with you. :)
7752
7753
7754 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
7755
7756 <p>My name is Nigel Barker, and I am British. I am married to Yumiko,
7757 and we have three lovely children, aged 15, 14 and 4(!) I am the IT
7758 Coordinator at Hiroshima International School, Japan. I am also a
7759 teacher, and in fact I spend most of my day teaching Mathematics,
7760 Science, IT, and Chemistry. I was originally a Chemistry teacher, but
7761 I have always had an interest in computers. Another teacher teaches
7762 primary school IT, but apart from that I am the only computer person,
7763 so that means I am the network manager, technician and webmaster,
7764 also, and I help people with their computer problems. I teach python
7765 to beginners in an after-school club. I am way too busy, so I really
7766 appreciate the simplicity of Skolelinux.</p>
7767
7768 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
7769 project?</strong></p>
7770
7771 <p>In around 2004 or 5 I discovered the ltsp project, and set up a
7772 server in the IT lab. I wanted some way to connect it to our central
7773 samba server, which I was also quite poor at configuring. I discovered
7774 Edubuntu when it came out, but it didn't really improve my setup. I
7775 did various desperate searches for things like "school Linux server"
7776 and ended up in a document called "Drift" something or other. Reading
7777 there it became clear that Skolelinux was going to solve all my
7778 problems in one go. I was very excited, but apprehensive, because my
7779 previous attempts to install Debian had ended in failure (I used
7780 Mandrake for everything - ltsp, samba, apache, mail, ns...). I
7781 downloaded a beta version, had some problems, so subscribed to the
7782 Debian Edu list for help. I have remained subscribed ever since, and
7783 my school has run a Skolelinux network since Sarge.</p>
7784
7785 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
7786 Edu?</strong></p>
7787
7788 <p>For me the integrated setup. This is not just the server, or the
7789 workstation, or the ltsp. Its all of them, and its all configured
7790 ready to go. I read somewhere in the early documentation that it is
7791 designed to be setup and managed by the Maths or Science teacher, who
7792 doesn't necessarily know much about computers, in a small Norwegian
7793 school. That describes me perfectly if you replace Norway with
7794 Japan.</p>
7795
7796 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
7797 Edu?</strong></p>
7798
7799 <p>The desktop is fairly plain. If you compare it with Edubuntu, who
7800 have fun themes for children, or with distributions such as Mint, who
7801 make the desktop beautiful. They create a good impression on people
7802 who don't need to understand how to use any of it, but who might be
7803 important to the school. School administrators or directors, for
7804 instance, or parents. Even kids. Debian itself usually has ugly
7805 default theme settings. It was my dream a few years back that some
7806 kind of integration would allow Edubuntu to do the desktop stuff and
7807 Debian Edu the servers, but now I realise how impossible that is.  A
7808 second disadvantage is that if something goes wrong, or you need to
7809 customise something, then suddenly the level of expertise required
7810 multiplies. For example, backup wasn't working properly in Lenny. It
7811 took me ages to learn how to set up my own server to do rsync backups.
7812 I am afraid of anything to do with ldap, but perhaps Gosa will
7813 help.</p>
7814
7815 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
7816
7817 <p>Nowadays I only use Debian on my personal computers. I have one for
7818 studio work (I play guitar and write songs), running AV Linux
7819 (customised Debian) a netbook running Squeeze, and a bigger laptop
7820 still running Skolelinux Lenny workstation. I have a Tjener in my
7821 house, that's very useful for the family photos and music.  At school
7822 the students only use Skolelinux. (Some teachers and the office still
7823 have windows). So that means we only use free software all day every
7824 day. Open office, The GIMP, Firefox/Iceweasel, VLC and Audacity are
7825 installed on every computer in school, irrespective of OS.  We also
7826 have Koha on Debian for the library, and Apache, Moodle, b2evolution
7827 and Etomite on Debian for the www. The firewall is Untangle.</p>
7828
7829 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
7830 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
7831
7832 <p>Current trends are in our favour. Open source is big in industry,
7833 and ordinary people have heard of it. The spread of Android and the
7834 popularity of Apple have helped to weaken the impression that you have
7835 to have Microsoft on everything. People complain to me much less about
7836 file formats and Word than they did 5 years ago.  The Edu aspect is
7837 also a selling point. This is all customised for schools. Where is the
7838 Windows-edu, or the Mac-edu?  But of course the main attraction is
7839 budget.The trick is to convince people that the quality is not
7840 compromised when you stop paying and use free software instead. That
7841 is one reason why I say the desktop experience is a weakness. People
7842 are not impressed when their USB drive doesn't work, or their browser
7843 doesn't play flash, for example.</p>
7844
7845       </div>
7846       <div class="tags">
7847
7848
7849         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
7850
7851
7852       </div>
7853     </div>
7854     <div class="padding"></div>
7855
7856     <div class="entry">
7857       <div class="title">
7858         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_screencast__Mass_creation_of_user_accounts_in_Squeeze.html">Debian Edu screencast: Mass creation of user accounts in Squeeze</a>
7859       </div>
7860       <div class="date">
7861          7th March 2012
7862       </div>
7863       <div class="body">
7864         <!-- Video HTML based on http://www.diveintohtml5.net/video.html -->
7865
7866 <p>One of the Debian Edu developers, Wolfgang Schweer, just created a
7867 screen cast documenting how to create a lot of new users in LDAP on
7868 Debian Edu Squeeze.  The video is embedded here in quarter size, and
7869 also available from <a href="http://vimeo.com/37675399">vimeo</a> and
7870 download as a
7871 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv">Ogg
7872 Theora</a> file.  Check it out below.</p>
7873
7874 <p><video id="gosa-mass-user-create-movie" width="256" height="184" preload controls>
7875   <source src="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv" type='video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"' />
7876     <p>Download video as
7877       <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv">Ogg</a>.</p>
7878 </video></p>
7879
7880       </div>
7881       <div class="tags">
7882
7883
7884         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7885
7886
7887       </div>
7888     </div>
7889     <div class="padding"></div>
7890
7891     <div class="entry">
7892       <div class="title">
7893         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Third release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
7894       </div>
7895       <div class="date">
7896          4th March 2012
7897       </div>
7898       <div class="body">
7899         <p>This weekend we wrapped up and published the third release
7900 candidate for <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
7901 Skolelinux</a> based on Squeeze.  The full announcement is
7902 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00000.html">available</a>
7903 from the project announcement list.  Check it out if you
7904 need a software solution for your school.</p>
7905
7906       </div>
7907       <div class="tags">
7908
7909
7910         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7911
7912
7913       </div>
7914     </div>
7915     <div class="padding"></div>
7916
7917     <div class="entry">
7918       <div class="title">
7919         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Stopmotion_for_making_stop_motion_animations_on_Linux___reloaded.html">Stopmotion for making stop motion animations on Linux - reloaded</a>
7920       </div>
7921       <div class="date">
7922          3rd March 2012
7923       </div>
7924       <div class="body">
7925         <p>Many years ago, the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux
7926 / Debian Edu project</a> initiated a student project to create a tool
7927 for making stop motion movies.  The proposal came from a teacher
7928 needing such tool on Skolelinux.  The project, called "stopmotion",
7929 was manned by two extraordinary students and won a school award and a
7930 national aware with this great project.  The project was initiated and
7931 mentored by Herman Robak, and manned by the students Bjørn Erik Nilsen
7932 and Fredrik Berg Kjølstad.  They got in touch with people at Aardman
7933 Animation studio and received feedback on how professionals would like
7934 such stopmotion tool to work, and the end result was and is used by
7935 animators around the globe.  But as is usual after studying, both got
7936 jobs and went elsewhere, and did not have time to properly tend to the
7937 project, and it has been lingering for a few years now.  Until last
7938 year...</p>
7939
7940 <p>Last year some of the users got together with Herman, and moved the
7941 project to Sourceforge and in effect restarted the project under a new
7942 name,
7943 <a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/linuxstopmotion/">linuxstopmotion</a>.
7944 The name change was done to make it possible to find the project using
7945 Internet search engines (try to search for 'stopmotion' to see what I
7946 mean). I've been following
7947 <a href="https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/linuxstopmotion-community">the
7948 mailing list</a> and the improvement already in place and planned for
7949 the future is encouraging.  If you want to make stop motion movies.
7950 Check it out. :)</p>
7951
7952       </div>
7953       <div class="tags">
7954
7955
7956         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
7957
7958
7959       </div>
7960     </div>
7961     <div class="padding"></div>
7962
7963     <div class="entry">
7964       <div class="title">
7965         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Frode_Danielsen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Frode Danielsen</a>
7966       </div>
7967       <div class="date">
7968         27th February 2012
7969       </div>
7970       <div class="body">
7971         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
7972 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet møter vi
7973 denne gangen Frode Danielsen, som er leder for en IT-virksomhet som
7974 passer på IT-løsningen til flere kommuner i Hedmark-området, der noen
7975 av dem bruker Skolelinux i dag.</p>
7976
7977 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7978
7979 <p>Daglig leder i <a href="http://www.hedmarken-ikt.no/">Hedmark
7980 IKT</a>. En interkommunal IKT-virksomhet for Stange, Nord-Odal,
7981 Kongsvinger, Grue, Løten og Hamar kommuner. Vi er 32 ansatte</p>
7982
7983 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7984
7985 <p>Vi har vært i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet i flere
7986 sammenhenger, blant annet gjennom et par piloter som ikke har ført til
7987 noe konkret resultat.  Nå sist gjennom satsingen på skolelinux i Grue,
7988 Kongsvinger og Nord-Odal.</p>
7989
7990 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong>
7991 <br><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7992
7993 <p>Jeg tror alle løsninger har fordeler og ulemper, litt avhengig av
7994 hvilket ståsted du selv har, så jeg unnlater å svare på dette.</p>
7995
7996 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7997
7998 <p>Ingen for min egen del, men vi har noe fri programvare i våre
7999 løsninger.</p>
8000
8001 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8002 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8003
8004 <p>Jeg tror ikke man skal ha en slik strategi.  Man bør ha en strategi
8005 basert på å løse fremtidige behov, og velge løsninger som støtter opp
8006 under dette.</p>
8007
8008       </div>
8009       <div class="tags">
8010
8011
8012         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8013
8014
8015       </div>
8016     </div>
8017     <div class="padding"></div>
8018
8019     <div class="entry">
8020       <div class="title">
8021         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Second release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
8022       </div>
8023       <div class="date">
8024         27th February 2012
8025       </div>
8026       <div class="body">
8027         <p>This weekend we wrapped up and published the second release
8028 candidate for <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
8029 Skolelinux</a> based on Squeeze.  The full announcement did for some
8030 reason not make it the project announcement list, but is
8031 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-devel-announce/2012/02/msg00015.html">available</a>
8032 from the Debian development announcement list.  Check it out if you
8033 need a software solution for your school.</p>
8034
8035       </div>
8036       <div class="tags">
8037
8038
8039         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8040
8041
8042       </div>
8043     </div>
8044     <div class="padding"></div>
8045
8046     <div class="entry">
8047       <div class="title">
8048         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Knut_Yrvin.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Knut Yrvin</a>
8049       </div>
8050       <div class="date">
8051         21st February 2012
8052       </div>
8053       <div class="body">
8054         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
8055 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi nå
8056 høre fra nyvalgt leder i foreningen
8057 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
8058 Skolen</a> og en av stifterne av Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
8059
8060 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8061
8062 <p>Knut Yrvin her. Jobber i Nokia med å fremme rammeverket Qt og QML
8063 med tilhørende utviklerverktøy. Rollen er som leder av
8064 friprog-samfunn. I fjor var jeg med å legge om utviklingen av Qt til
8065 åpen forvaltning.  På den måten kan alle som bidrar til Qt gjøre det
8066 på like vilkår.  Nå er det
8067 <a href="http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2011/12/22/qt-5-%E2%80%93-a-look-back-at-the-numbers/">over
8068 1000 utviklere</a> som bidrar til Qt. Med overgangen til åpen
8069 forvaltning er utviklingen av Qt mer åpen enn Linux-kjernen.</p>
8070
8071 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8072
8073 <p>Jeg var en av initiativtagerne til Skolelinux i 2001. Skolene slet
8074 med både utstyr og Internett-tilgang. De klarte ikke å møte
8075 forventningene til data i skolen. Driften av PC-ene var uholdbar. Som
8076 regel hadde rektor pekt ut en ivrig lærer til å passe på PC-ene,
8077 gjerne naturfaglæreren. Mange lærere jobbet mye ubetalt overtid for å
8078 vedlikeholde 30-40 datamaskiner på hver sin skole. Med 300 elever og
8079 lærere som brukere, blir det fort mye mer arbeid enn de 4-8 timene de
8080 kunne bruke på PC-drift. Skolene hadde kun en femtedel av
8081 IT-budsjettet som ble brukt på PC-ene i rådhuset.</p>
8082
8083 <p>Vi erfarte at skolene hadde mye datautstyr som stod ubrukt. Skolene
8084 manglet penger til Microsoft-lisenser. Selv med solide skolerabatter,
8085 kostet Microsoft-lisensene gjerne like mye som PC-ene i seg selv over
8086 en periode på 5-6 år.</p>
8087
8088 <p>Viktigheten av språklig mangfold og pedagogiske programmer var også
8089 viktig for oss. Vi oversatte mange skoleaktuelle programmer til
8090 nynorsk, nordsamisk og bokmål. Dette lenge før andre tok denne
8091 oppgaven seriøst.  Allerede etter ett år hadde vi etablert et helt
8092 arsenal av skoleaktuelle programmer på nynorsk, bokmål og
8093 nordsamisk. Vi spredde vår ide om språklig mangfold til de andre frie
8094 prosjekter internasjonalt. Resultatene ser vi i mange land. Det er de
8095 frie programmene som kommer på brukernes morsmål. Det er en av flere
8096 gode grunner til at fri programvare som LibreOffice, VLC, KDE og
8097 Firefox konkurrerer ut godseid programvare mange steder i verden.</p>
8098
8099 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8100
8101 <p>Fordelene er at Skolelinux tilbyr over 100 skoleaktuelle programmer
8102 på de norske språkene, uten ett øre i lisenskostnader. Systemet gir
8103 enormt lave driftskostnader med diskløse arbeidsstasjoner og bærbare
8104 med roaming.  Skolelinux krever også mindre av maskinvaren.</p>
8105
8106 <p>Man kan fint kjøre systemet med 512 MB RAM på en bærbar PC sammen
8107 med en nettvideo i nettleseren og en presentasjon med
8108 LibreOffice. Konkurrerende system krever fort 2 GB RAM for å få til
8109 noe tilsvarende uten at det går ufattelig tregt. Skal man gjøre noe
8110 nyttig, krever konkurrentene til Linux mye større harddisk. Skoler har
8111 rapportert at de fort har fått 50% flere nye maskiner om de velger
8112 Linux. Dette i tillegg til de årlige besparelsene ved å unngå
8113 lisensbetaling til godseid programvare.</p>
8114
8115 <p>De lave driftskostnadene gjør at delstater i Europa har titusener
8116 av datamaskiner med Skolelinux i skolen. F.eks. er det under ti
8117 personer som drifter 70.000 PC-systemer i skolene i Extremadura i
8118 Spania. Det er slett ikke uvanlig at norske kommuner har 1500-2000
8119 datamaskiner med Skolelinux.  Driften tar ett årsverk. Slår flere
8120 kommuner seg sammen, kan de få samme sentraliserte stordriftsfordeler
8121 som delstater i Tyskland og Spania.  Delstater som kjører Skolelinux
8122 på alle skolene. Bare noen få personer sentraldrifter titusenvis av
8123 PC-er.</p>
8124
8125 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8126
8127 <p>Den største ulempen for Skolelinux er motstand mot Linux fra
8128 IT-sjefer i det offentlige. Dette er ledere som holder innlegg som
8129 snytt ut av evangelist-håndboka til Microsoft. Dette gjøres i ett
8130 arbeidsmarked med stor vekst i etterspørselen etter Linux-fagfolk i
8131 privat sektor.  Etterspørselen har økt mer enn noe annet tekniske yrke
8132 siste tiåret.  Åtte av ti ledere vil ansette Linux-fagfolk i 2012,
8133 rapporterer jobbnettstedet Dice.com på oppdrag av Linux
8134 Foundation.</p>
8135
8136 <p>Det mangler 16.000 ingeniører og IKT-fagfolk i Norge rapporterte
8137 arbeids- og velferdsetaten NAV. Linux-fagfolk kan velge svært
8138 interessante jobber med alt fra apps på ledende mobilsystem laget med
8139 Linux, sky- tjenester eller web-applikasjoner. De raskest voksende
8140 teknologiselskapene i verden er ute etter Linux-fagfolk. Det være seg
8141 Amazon, Google, Facebook og IBM for å nevne noen. Linux er kritisk
8142 for å sikre veksten i markedet. Det sier seg selv at lønningene og
8143 jobbmulighetene er bedre enn for andre tekniske yrker.</p>
8144
8145 <p>Skal man lage apps for mobilen, smart-TV-en eller
8146 underholdningssystemet i bilen eller på flyet, er det Linux som
8147 gjelder. Med en slik konkurranse om Linux-kompetansen, kombinert med
8148 motstanden mot Linux hos mange IT-sjefer i offentlig sektor, så
8149 hindrer kommunene rekruttering av flere Linux- fagfolk. Skolene blir
8150 tvunget til å velge dyrere og mindre komplette IT-system. De har
8151 blitt hengende igjen slik IT var på begynnelsen av 2000- tallet. Dette
8152 fordi IT-ledere ikke har tilpasset seg markedet det siste tiåret.</p>
8153
8154 <p>Når det er sagt, er Skolelinux svært enkelt å lære seg også for de
8155 som ikke kan. Det viser alle lærerne som drifter systemet for
8156 hundrevis og tusenvis av systemer. Det meste er på plass rett ut av
8157 boksen. I tillegg er det solid med dokumentasjon med god hjelp på
8158 nettet. Det er mange kommuner som har ansatt en lærer som først lærte
8159 Skolelinux på sin skole, for så å drifte alle PC-ene i kommunen med
8160 Skolelinux. Det kan fort være snakk om 1000-3000 datamaskiner på 10-15
8161 skoler som sentraldriftes med en stilling.  Står man ordentlig fast,
8162 kan man også kjøpe profesjonell hjelp fra selskap som støtter
8163 Skolelinux. Det er flere slike selskap i Norge og i utlandet.</p>
8164
8165 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8166
8167 <p>Qt SDK, LibreOffice, Firefox, VLC og KDE-skrivebordet. Dette på et
8168 Debian-basert GNU/Linux-system. Jeg bruker også noen morsomme
8169 3D-spill. Idag kan jeg velge mellom over 30.000 Linux-programmer. Det
8170 finnes ikke tid i livet å undersøke alle valgmulighetene. Derfor er
8171 det bra med Skolelinux i skolen, da utvalget av programmer er
8172 begrenset til hva som er aktuelt i skolefagene.</p>
8173
8174 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8175 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8176
8177 <p>Vi må selge hele Skolelinux forhåndsinstallert på maskinvare i hele
8178 pakker med 50-100-1000 PC-klienter med servere. Dette kan selges til
8179 enkeltskoler eller hele kommuner. Pakken må inneholde tjenermaskiner,
8180 svært rimelige diskløse arbeidsstasjoner, nettbrett med Plasma Active,
8181 og bærbare med roaming. Alt er godt testet med Debian. I et slikt
8182 anbud er det mulig å legge til sentraliserte drifts- og
8183 støttetjenester.</p>
8184
8185 <p>Man bør også selge sky-tjenester som læreadministrative systemet
8186 Moodle og driftsovervåking. I tillegg så bør man slenge seg på med
8187 presentasjoner de gangene LibreOffice og andre friprog-produkter
8188 selges til kommuner.</p>
8189
8190       </div>
8191       <div class="tags">
8192
8193
8194         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8195
8196
8197       </div>
8198     </div>
8199     <div class="padding"></div>
8200
8201     <div class="entry">
8202       <div class="title">
8203         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">First release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
8204       </div>
8205       <div class="date">
8206         19th February 2012
8207       </div>
8208       <div class="body">
8209         <p>One week delayed due to DVD build problems, we managed today to
8210 wrap up and publish the first release candidate for
8211 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
8212 on Squeeze.  The full announcement is
8213 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/02/msg00001.html">available</a>
8214 on the project announcement list.  Check it out if you need a software
8215 solution for your school.</p>
8216
8217       </div>
8218       <div class="tags">
8219
8220
8221         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8222
8223
8224       </div>
8225     </div>
8226     <div class="padding"></div>
8227
8228     <div class="entry">
8229       <div class="title">
8230         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Olav_Dahlum.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Olav Dahlum</a>
8231       </div>
8232       <div class="date">
8233         18th February 2012
8234       </div>
8235       <div class="body">
8236         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
8237 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi nå
8238 høre fra et nyvalgt medlem i foreningen
8239 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
8240 Skolen</a>.</p>
8241
8242 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8243
8244 <p>Jeg heter Olav Dahlum, og er frilans oversetter, tester,
8245 prosjektleder og bruker av fri og åpen programvare som
8246 LibreOffice. Jeg er også et av styremedlemmene i FRISK.</p>
8247
8248 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8249
8250 <p>Jeg kom i kontakt med prosjektet i 2009, da jeg ble ansatt i
8251 stiftelsen Åpne kontorprogram på norsk for å oversette og teste den
8252 norske utgaven av OpenOffice.org. Arbeidet har hele tiden vært
8253 koordinert sammen med Skolelinux, og mange av de samme menneskene er
8254 involvert, så på den måten ble jeg en del av den utvidede
8255 familien.</p>
8256
8257 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8258
8259 <p>Skolelinux handler i likhet med utdanningssektoren om å dele
8260 kunnskap med andre, og det er dette som er hovedstyrken til
8261 prosjektet.  Selv om Skolelinux hovedsaklig er involvert i utvikling
8262 av programvare, er det også et sted der man kan utfolde seg uavhengig
8263 av bakgrunn og ferdigheter.</p>
8264
8265 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8266
8267 <p>Liten utbredelse og manglende støtte fra leverandører som leverer
8268 pedagogisk programvare til skolebruk.  Kunne kanskje hatt flere
8269 verktøy som letter administrasjonen ytterligere, slik at også mindre
8270 erfarne databrukere kan utføre lett vedlikehold og rutinejobber.</p>
8271
8272 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8273
8274 <p>Jeg er nesten forpliktet til å si at jeg bruker LibreOffice... Jeg
8275 bruker forøvrig frie og åpne operativsystemer basert på
8276 operativsystemkjernen Linux, for tiden openSUSE 12,1 med KDE4.  Men
8277 hvis jeg skal dra fram noen flere eksempler så er nok Mozilla Firefox
8278 og Thunderbird to av de jeg bruker mest. I tillegg er jeg en flittig
8279 bruker av OpenSSH, Irssi, Midnight Commander, Git, Subversion,
8280 Translation Toolkit og Super Maryo Chronicles (litt gøy skal man ha,
8281 og med to håndkontroller liggende er det ikke til å unngå).</p>
8282
8283 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8284 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8285
8286 <p>Vi må få leverandører av pedagogisk programvare med på laget, men
8287 også utvikle vår egen tilpasset det norske markedet.  Det er også
8288 mulig å involvere utdanningssektoren direkte i arbeidet, for eksempel
8289 gjennom studentprosjekter der elevene selv er med å utforme
8290 programvare direkte eller indirekte gjennom aktive bidrag.  Dette gjør
8291 ikke bare samarbeidet tettere, men fokuset på standarder og friheten
8292 til å velge sin egen løsning vil kanskje stimulere interessen for
8293 framtidig deltakelse i bransjen.  Vi som driver med fri og åpen
8294 programvare ønsker oss ikke rene konsumenter, men tenkende og
8295 selvstendige individer som kan være med å skape sin egen fremtid.</p>
8296
8297       </div>
8298       <div class="tags">
8299
8300
8301         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8302
8303
8304       </div>
8305     </div>
8306     <div class="padding"></div>
8307
8308     <div class="entry">
8309       <div class="title">
8310         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_proxy_configuration_with_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux.html">Automatic proxy configuration with Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
8311       </div>
8312       <div class="date">
8313         13th February 2012
8314       </div>
8315       <div class="body">
8316         <p>New in the Squeeze version of
8317 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> is the
8318 ability for clients to automatically configure their proxy settings
8319 based on their environment.  We want all systems on the client to use
8320 the WPAD based proxy definition fetched from <tt>http://wpad/wpad.dat</tt>, to
8321 allow sites to control the proxy setting from a central place and make
8322 sure clients do not have hard coded proxy settings.  The schools can
8323 change the global proxy setting by editing
8324 <tt>tjener:/etc/debian-edu/www/wpad.dat</tt> and the change propagate
8325 to all Debian Edu clients in the network.</p>
8326
8327 <p>The problem is that some systems do not understand the WPAD system.
8328 In other words, how do one get from a WPAD file like this (this is a
8329 simple one, they can run arbitrary code):</p>
8330
8331 <blockquote><pre>
8332 function FindProxyForURL(url, host)
8333 {
8334    if (!isResolvable(host) ||
8335        isPlainHostName(host) ||
8336        dnsDomainIs(host, ".intern"))
8337       return "DIRECT";
8338    else
8339       return "PROXY webcache:3128; DIRECT";
8340 }
8341 </pre></blockquote>
8342
8343 <p>to a proxy setting in the process environment looking like this:</p>
8344
8345 <blockquote><pre>
8346 http_proxy=http://webcache:3128/
8347 ftp_proxy=http://webcache:3128/
8348 </pre></blockquote>
8349
8350 <p>To do this conversion I developed a perl script that will execute
8351 the javascript fragment in the WPAD file and return the proxy that
8352 would be used for
8353 <tt><a href="http://www.debian.org/">http://www.debian.org/</a></tt>,
8354 and insert this extracted proxy URL in <tt>/etc/environment</tt> and
8355 <tt>/etc/apt/apt.conf</tt>.  The perl script wpad-extract work just
8356 fine in Squeeze, but in Wheezy the library it need to run the
8357 javascript code is <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/631045">no longer
8358 able to build</a> because the C library it depended on is now a C++
8359 library.  I hope someone find a solution to that problem before Wheezy
8360 is frozen.  An alternative would be for us to rewrite wpad-extract to
8361 use some other javascript library currently working in Wheezy, but no
8362 known alternative is known at the moment.</p>
8363
8364 <p>This automatic proxy system allow the roaming workstation (aka
8365 laptop) setup in Debian Edu/Squeeze to use the proxy when the laptop
8366 is connected to the backbone network in a Debian Edu setup, and to
8367 automatically use any proxy present and announced using the WPAD
8368 feature when it is connected to other networks.  And if no proxy is
8369 announced, direct connections will be used instead.</p>
8370
8371 <p>Silently using a proxy announced on the network might be a privacy
8372 or security problem.  But those controlling DHCP and DNS on a network
8373 could just as easily set up a transparent proxy, and force all HTTP
8374 and FTP connections to use a proxy anyway, so I consider that
8375 distinction to be academic.  If you are afraid of using the wrong
8376 proxy, you should avoid connecting to the network in question in the
8377 first place.  In Debian Edu, the proxy setup is updated using dhcp and
8378 ifupdown hooks, to make sure the configuration is updated every time
8379 the network setup changes.</p>
8380
8381 <p>The WPAD system is documented in a
8382 <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-wrec-wpad-01">IETF
8383 draft</a> and a
8384 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_Proxy_Autodiscovery_Protocol">Wikipedia
8385 page</a> for those that want to learn more.</p>
8386
8387       </div>
8388       <div class="tags">
8389
8390
8391         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8392
8393
8394       </div>
8395     </div>
8396     <div class="padding"></div>
8397
8398     <div class="entry">
8399       <div class="title">
8400         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Axel_Bojer.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Axel Bojer</a>
8401       </div>
8402       <div class="date">
8403          7th February 2012
8404       </div>
8405       <div class="body">
8406         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
8407 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet har jeg
8408 fått en av oversetterne som har vært med siden starten i tale.</p>
8409
8410 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8411
8412 <p>Jeg heter Axel Bojer og er datalærer, tysklærer, oversetter med
8413 mere.</p>
8414
8415 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8416
8417 <p>Tror jeg så en annonsering på nettet i slutten av 2001 og ville
8418 være med som oversetter.  Jeg kom med på en utviklersamling og
8419 prosjektet var da helt i starten.  Det var spennende å være med mens
8420 prosjektet vokste til og utviklet seg.</p>
8421
8422 <p>Jeg har «alltid» vært språkinteressert og hadde nettopp startet med
8423 Linux og tror jeg tenkte det passet å bidra.  Var også glad for å få
8424 en Debian-distribusjon, og ville gjerne bruke den selv.  Til å begynne
8425 med brukte jeg først Mandrake og så Debian. Og siden jeg oppdaget at
8426 det ikke var noen mulighet for å bruke den som enkeltstående i lang
8427 tid, så gikk jeg etterhvert over til Kubuntu</p>
8428
8429 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8430
8431 <p>Løsningen er forholdsvis lett å sette opp, gratis, fri programvare
8432 og gjør det mulig å gjenbruke eldre maskiner.  Det fine med Debian er
8433 at det er stabilt og har en veldig stor mengde programmer. Jeg liker
8434 også apt.  :-) Jeg liker også friheten ved Linux og muligheten til å
8435 delta og forme sin egen datahverdag.</p>
8436
8437 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8438
8439 <p>Skolelinux er for lite kjent og for sent ute med å gi ut nye
8440 versjoner.</p>
8441
8442 <p>Da jeg selv i hovedsak bruker Kubuntu, så kan jeg egentlig ikke
8443 svare så detaljert rundt ulempene med Skolelinux.  Hovedårsaken til at
8444 jeg bruker Kubuntu er nok at da vi begynte med det mener jeg det ikke
8445 var noen annen løsning.  «Vandrende arbeidsstasjon» mener jeg ikke
8446 fantes da.  Dessuten ville jeg ha siste versjon, da den KDE-versjonen
8447 som var i Skolelinux den gangen var en god del enklere (tror det var
8448 KDE 2) var dårligere i mine øyne enn versjon 3.</p>
8449
8450 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8451
8452 <p>Jeg bruker blant annet Kubuntu, LibreOffice, Thunderbird, Firefox,
8453 Kate, <a href="http://comix.sourceforge.net/">Comix</a> og Konsole.  Og
8454 en hel haug andre ved behov :-)</p>
8455
8456 <p>Har oversatt Comix selv, men det er jo ikke skjedd noe med Comix
8457 siden 2009, så den er det nok bare jeg som har.  Om andre vil ha den
8458 gir jeg den gjerne videre.  Ser at noen har startet på
8459 <a href="http://mcomix.sourceforge.net/">MComix</a> siden jeg så på så
8460 på dette sist, så nå er jeg igang med å teste og oversette den
8461 også.</p>
8462
8463 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8464 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8465
8466 <p>Det viktigste er å forankre beslutningen i kollegiet og med de som
8467 er ansvarlige for å vedlikeholde og bruke datamaskinene.  Flest mulig
8468 bør være med på å holde det (sosialt) vedlike, kjenne og støtte
8469 prinsippene. Som enkeltmannsprosjekt blir det lett veldig sårbart,
8470 særlig når (Skole)linux ennå i stor grad er en motkultur og ikke noe
8471 en stor nok andel av beslutningstakere, brukere osv kjenner til og
8472 bruker.</p>
8473
8474 <p>Jeg tror det viktigste er å fortsette å holde fri programvare godt,
8475 oppdatert, minimere antall feil, ha en god kontakt med brukerne og
8476 attraktivt og spennende programmer. Beholde alt som er bra og ha det
8477 tilgjengelig samtidig som man tilbyr det nyeste og rareste for de som
8478 vil ha det.</p>
8479
8480       </div>
8481       <div class="tags">
8482
8483
8484         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8485
8486
8487       </div>
8488     </div>
8489     <div class="padding"></div>
8490
8491     <div class="entry">
8492       <div class="title">
8493         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Saving_power_with_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_using_shutdown_at_night.html">Saving power with Debian Edu / Skolelinux using shutdown-at-night</a>
8494       </div>
8495       <div class="date">
8496          5th February 2012
8497       </div>
8498       <div class="body">
8499         <p>Since the Lenny version of
8500 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>, a
8501 feature to save power have been included.  It is as simple as it is
8502 practical: Shut down unused clients at night, and turn them on again
8503 in the morning.  This is done using the
8504 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/shutdown-at-night.html">shutdown-at-night</a> Debian package.</p>
8505
8506 <p>To enable this feature on a client, the machine need to be added to
8507 the netgroup shutdown-at-night-hosts.  For Debian Edu, this is done in
8508 LDAP, and once this is in place, the machine in question will check
8509 every hour from 16:00 until 06:00 to see if the machine is unused, and
8510 shut it down if it is.  If the hardware in question is supported by
8511 the
8512 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/n/nvram-wakeup.html">nvram-wakeup</a>
8513 package, the BIOS is told to turn the machine back on around 07:00 +-
8514 10 minutes.  If this isn't working, one can configure wake-on-lan to
8515 try to turn on the client.  The wake-on-lan option is only documented
8516 and not enabled by default in Debian Edu.</p>
8517
8518 <p>It is important to not turn all machines on at once, as this can
8519 blow a fuse if several computers are connected to the same fuse like
8520 the common setup for a classroom.  The nvram-wakeup method only work
8521 for machines with a functioning hardware/BIOS clock.  I've seen old
8522 machines where the BIOS battery were dead and the hardware clock were
8523 starting from 0 (or was it 1990?) every boot.  If you have one of
8524 those, you have to turn on the computer manually.</p>
8525
8526 <p>The shutdown-at-night package is completely self contained, and can
8527 also be used outside the Debian Edu environment.  For those without a
8528 central LDAP server with netgroups, one can instead touch the file
8529 <tt>/etc/shutdown-at-night/shutdown-at-night</tt> to enable it.
8530 Perhaps you too can use it to save some power?</p>
8531
8532       </div>
8533       <div class="tags">
8534
8535
8536         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8537
8538
8539       </div>
8540     </div>
8541     <div class="padding"></div>
8542
8543     <div class="entry">
8544       <div class="title">
8545         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_beta_version_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Third beta version of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
8546       </div>
8547       <div class="date">
8548          4th February 2012
8549       </div>
8550       <div class="body">
8551         <p>I am happy to announce that finally we managed today to wrap up and
8552 publish the third beta version of
8553 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
8554 on Squeeze.  If you want to test a LDAP backed Kerberos server with
8555 out of the box PXE configuration for running diskless machines and
8556 installing new machines, check it out.  If you need a software
8557 solution for your school, check it out too.  The full announcement is
8558 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/02/msg00000.html">available</a>
8559 on the project announcement list.</p>
8560
8561 <p>I am very happy to report these changes and improvements since
8562 beta2 (there are more, see announcement for full list):</p>
8563
8564 <ul>
8565
8566 <li>It is now possible to change the pre-configured IP subnet from
8567   10.0.0.0/8 to something else by using the subnet-change tool after
8568   the installation.</li>
8569
8570 <li>Too full partitions are now automatically extended on the Main
8571   Server, based on the rules specified in /etc/fsautoresizetab.</li>
8572
8573 <li>The CUPS queues are now automatically flushed every night, and all
8574   disabled queues are restarted every hour.  This should cut down on
8575   the amount of manual administration needed for printers.</li>
8576
8577 <li>The set of initial users have been changed.  Now a personal user
8578   for the local system administrator is created during installation
8579   instead of the previously created localadmin and super-admin users,
8580   and this user is granted administrative privileges using group
8581   membership.  This reduces the number of passwords one need to keep
8582   up to date on the system.</li>
8583
8584 </ul>
8585
8586 <p>The new main server seem to work so well that I am testing it as my
8587 private DNS/LDAP/Kerberos/PXE/LTSP server at home.  I will use it look
8588 for issues we could fix to polish Debian Edu even further before the
8589 final Squeeze release is published.</p>
8590
8591 <p>Next weekend the project organise a
8592 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/01/msg00001.html">developer
8593 gathering</a> in Oslo.  We will continue the work on the Squeeze
8594 version, and start initial planning for the Wheezy version.  Perhaps I
8595 will see you there?</p>
8596
8597       </div>
8598       <div class="tags">
8599
8600
8601         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8602
8603
8604       </div>
8605     </div>
8606     <div class="padding"></div>
8607
8608     <div class="entry">
8609       <div class="title">
8610         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Handling_non_free_firmware_in_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Handling non-free firmware in Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
8611       </div>
8612       <div class="date">
8613         27th January 2012
8614       </div>
8615       <div class="body">
8616         <p>With some computer hardware, one need non-free firmware blobs.
8617 This is the sad fact of todays computers.  In the next version of
8618 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
8619 on Squeeze, we provide several scripts and modifications to make
8620 firmware blobs easier to handle.  The common use case I run into is a
8621 laptop with a wireless network card requiring non-free firmware to
8622 work, but there are other use cases as well.</p>
8623
8624 <p>First and foremost, Debian Edu provide ISO images for DVD and CD
8625 with all firmware packages in the Debian sections main and non-free
8626 included, to ensure debian-installer find and can install all of them
8627 during installation.  This take care firmware for network devices used
8628 by the installer when installing from from local media.  But for
8629 example multimedia devices are not activated in the installer and are
8630 not taken care of by this.</p>
8631
8632 <p>For non-network devices, we provide the script
8633 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/auto-addfirmware</tt> which
8634 search through the <tt>dmesg</tt> output for drivers requesting extra
8635 firmware.  The firmware file name is looked up in the Contents-ARCH.gz
8636 file available in the package repository, and the packages providing
8637 the requested firmware file(s) is installed.  I have proposed to do
8638 something similar in debian-installer (BTS report
8639 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/655507">#655507</a>), to allow PXE
8640 installs of Debian to handle firmware installation better.  Run the
8641 script as root from the command line to fetch and install the needed
8642 firmware packages.</p>
8643
8644 <p>Debian Edu provide PXE installation of Debian out of the box, and
8645 because some machines need firmware to get their network cards
8646 working, the installation initrd some times need extra firmware
8647 included to be able to install at all.  To fill the PXE installation
8648 initrd with extra firmware, the
8649 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/pxe-addfirmware</tt> script is
8650 provided.  Again, just run it as root on the command line to fill the
8651 PXE initrd with firmware packages.</p>
8652
8653 <p>Last, some LTSP clients might also need firmware to get their
8654 network cards working.  For this,
8655 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/ltsp-addfirmware</tt> is
8656 provided to update the LTSP initrd with firmware blobs.  It is used
8657 the same way as the other firmware related tools.</p>
8658
8659 <p>At the moment, we do not run any of these during installation.  We
8660 do not know if this is acceptable for the local administrator to use
8661 non-free software, and it is their choice.</p>
8662
8663 <p>We plan to release beta3 this weekend.  You might want to give it a
8664 try.</p>
8665
8666       </div>
8667       <div class="tags">
8668
8669
8670         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8671
8672
8673       </div>
8674     </div>
8675     <div class="padding"></div>
8676
8677     <div class="entry">
8678       <div class="title">
8679         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skjermbilder_fra_nordsamisk_installasjon_av_Skolelinux_Squeeze.html">Skjermbilder fra nordsamisk installasjon av Skolelinux/Squeeze</a>
8680       </div>
8681       <div class="date">
8682         26th January 2012
8683       </div>
8684       <div class="body">
8685         <p>For morro skyld har jeg gjennomført en nordsamisk installasjon for
8686 neste utgave av <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>
8687 (Squeeze) og knipset skjermbilder av resultatet.</p>
8688
8689 <p>Som en kan se der er det noen oversettelser som mangler.  Det hadde
8690 vært hyggelig hvis alle tekstene som vises i Skolelinux-installasjonen
8691 ble oversatt til nordsamisk, men for å få det til må noen som forstår
8692 språket melde seg til dyst.  Det er mangel på nordsamiske oversettere
8693 av fri programvare.  Hvis noen starter raskt, så bør en rekke å
8694 fullføre Wheezy-utgaven før den gis ut. :)</p>
8695
8696 <p>Se <a href="http://d-i.debian.org/l10n-stats/">oversetterstatistikk for
8697 debian installer</a> for detaljert status.  Jeg har tipset
8698 <a href="https://lister.ping.uio.no/mailman/listinfo/i18n-sme">epostlisten for samiskoversettelser</a>,
8699 men det har vært veldig liten aktivitet der de siste årene.</p>
8700
8701 <p><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/01-isomenu.png"><img src="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/01-isomenu.png" width="40%"></a>
8702 <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/02-sme-lang.png"><img src="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/02-sme-lang.png" width="40%"></a>
8703 <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/03-sme-place.png"><img src="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/03-sme-place.png" width="40%"></a>
8704 <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/04-sme-keymap.png"><img src="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/04-sme-keymap.png" width="40%"></a>
8705 <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/05-sme-profile.png"><img src="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/05-sme-profile.png" width="40%"></a>
8706 <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/06-sme-autopart.png"><img src="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/06-sme-autopart.png" width="40%"></a>
8707 <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/07-sme-popcon.png"><img src="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/07-sme-popcon.png" width="40%"></a>
8708 <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/08-sme-rootpw1.png"><img src="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/08-sme-rootpw1.png" width="40%"></a>
8709 <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/09-sme-rootpw2.png"><img src="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/09-sme-rootpw2.png" width="40%"></a>
8710 <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/10-sme-firstuser.png"><img src="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/10-sme-firstuser.png" width="40%"></a>
8711 <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/11-sme-firstusername.png"><img src="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/11-sme-firstusername.png" width="40%"></a>
8712 <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/12-sme-firstuserpw1.png"><img src="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/12-sme-firstuserpw1.png" width="40%"></a>
8713 <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/13-sme-firstuserpw2.png"><img src="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/13-sme-firstuserpw2.png" width="40%"></a>
8714 <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/14-sme-part.png"><img src="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/14-sme-part.png" width="40%"></a>
8715 <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/15-sme-debootstrap.png"><img src="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/15-sme-debootstrap.png" width="40%"></a>
8716 <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/16-sme-tasksel.png"><img src="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/16-sme-tasksel.png" width="40%"></a>
8717 <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/17-sme-wordlist.png"><img src="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/17-sme-wordlist.png" width="40%"></a>
8718 <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/18-sme-tasksel.png"><img src="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/18-sme-tasksel.png" width="40%"></a>
8719 <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/19-sme-ltsp.png"><img src="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/19-sme-ltsp.png" width="40%"></a>
8720 <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/20-sme-grub.png"><img src="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/20-sme-grub.png" width="40%"></a>
8721 <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/21-sme-finish-install.png"><img src="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/21-sme-finish-install.png" width="40%"></a>
8722 <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/22-sme-finish-message.png"><img src="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/22-sme-finish-message.png" width="40%"></a></p>
8723
8724       </div>
8725       <div class="tags">
8726
8727
8728         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8729
8730
8731       </div>
8732     </div>
8733     <div class="padding"></div>
8734
8735     <div class="entry">
8736       <div class="title">
8737         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Setting_up_a_new_school_with_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Setting up a new school with Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
8738       </div>
8739       <div class="date">
8740         25th January 2012
8741       </div>
8742       <div class="body">
8743         <p>The next version of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu
8744 / Skolelinux</a> will include a new tool
8745 <tt>sitesummary2ldapdhcp</tt>, which can be used to quickly set up all
8746 the computers in a school without much manual labour.  Here is a short
8747 summary on how to use it to set up a new school.</p>
8748
8749 <p>First, install a combined Main Server and Thin Client Server as the
8750 central server in the network.  Next, PXE boot all the client machines
8751 as thin clients and wait 5 minutes after the last client booted to
8752 allow the clients to report their existence to the central server.  When
8753 this is done, log on to the central server and run
8754 <tt>sitesummary2ldapdhcp -a</tt> in the <tt>konsole</tt> to use the
8755 collected information to generate system objects in LDAP.  The output
8756 will look similar to this:</p>
8757
8758 <p><blockquote><pre>
8759 % sitesummary2ldapdhcp -a
8760 info: Updating machine tjener.intern [10.0.2.2] id ether-00:01:02:03:04:05.
8761 info: Create GOsa machine for auto-mac-00-01-02-03-04-06 [10.0.16.20] id ether-00:01:02:03:04:06.
8762
8763 Enter password if you want to activate these changes, and ^c to abort.
8764
8765 Connecting to LDAP as cn=admin,ou=ldap-access,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
8766 enter password: *******
8767 %
8768 </pre></blockquote></p>
8769
8770 <p>After providing the LDAP administrative password (the same as the
8771 root password set during installation), the LDAP database will be
8772 populated with system objects for each PXE booted machine with
8773 automatically generated names.  The final step to set up the school is
8774 then to log into <a href="https://oss.gonicus.de/labs/gosa/">GOsa</a>,
8775 the web based user, group and system administration system to change
8776 system names, add systems to the correct host groups and finally
8777 enable DHCP and DNS for the systems.  All clients that should be used
8778 as diskless workstations should be added to the workstation-hosts
8779 group.  After this is done, all computers can be booted again via PXE
8780 and get their assigned names and group based configuration
8781 automatically.</p>
8782
8783 <p>We plan to release beta3 with the updated version of this feature
8784 enabled this weekend.  You might want to give it a try.</p>
8785
8786 <p>Update 2012-01-28: When calling sitesummary2ldapdhcp to add new
8787 hosts, one need to add the option -a.  I forgot to mention this in my
8788 original text, and have added it to the text now.</p>
8789
8790       </div>
8791       <div class="tags">
8792
8793
8794         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
8795
8796
8797       </div>
8798     </div>
8799     <div class="padding"></div>
8800
8801     <div class="entry">
8802       <div class="title">
8803         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Paul_Reidar_L_snesl_kken.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken</a>
8804       </div>
8805       <div class="date">
8806         18th January 2012
8807       </div>
8808       <div class="body">
8809         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
8810 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, har jeg nå
8811 lyktes med å få tak i en skolemann som ikke er aktiv med utviklingen,
8812 men likevel har vært med nesten siden starten av prosjektet.  Jeg
8813 ønsker derfor velkommen til Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken, en mann med
8814 mange års erfaring i bruk av Skolelinux.</p>
8815
8816 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8817
8818 <p>Jeg driftet tidligere IKT løsningen for skolene i
8819 <a href="http://www.nord-odal.kommune.no/">Nord-Odal</a>.  I dag er jeg
8820 IKT-konsulent for hele kommunen og samarbeider med
8821 <a href="http://www.hedmarken-ikt.no/">Hedmark-IKT</a> for best mulig
8822 tjenester til kommunen. Jeg har bakgrunn som elektronikkreparatør og
8823 grunnskolelærer og har tatt en del fag innen IKT, i hovedsak
8824 driftsfag. IKT i Nord-Odal kommune blir i dag driftet av Hedmark IKT
8825 som er et samarbeid mellom Løten, Stange, Grue, Hamar, Kongsvinger og
8826 Nord-Odal. Jeg er fortsatt "IKT-personen" på skolene i kommunen og
8827 følger opp og gjør enkelte mindre endringer der.</p>
8828
8829 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8830
8831 <p>Kommunen satset på Skolelinux i 2004.  Jeg var ikke med i
8832 beslutningsprosessen den gang, men ble likevel med fra starten når
8833 dette ble levert.</p>
8834
8835 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8836
8837 <p>Fordelene med Skolelinux er rask oppstart, sentral drift av
8838 klientene, klienter som jobber raskt og effektivt, bedre
8839 funksjonalitet på eldre utstyr og en ganske god programpakke med fri
8840 programvare som følger med.  Løsningen med halvtykke klienter gjør at
8841 prosessering skjer lokalt med alltid ferske maskiner.</p>
8842
8843 <p>Skolelinux kan fungere godt på gammelt utstyr, men det er klart at
8844 utstyr også blir for gammelt selv for Skolelinux.  I forbindelese med
8845 at vi nylig fikk nye servere og ny installasjon kastet jeg ut ca 60
8846 klienter som fortsatt var i drift etter at de var kjøpt godt brukt i
8847 2004.  Noe var rundt 15 år gammelt, men var fortsatt i bruk. Noen
8848 klaget på at det nå gikk veldig tregt på en del pedagogiske nettsider
8849 med flash o.l. Det er fullt forståelig.</p>
8850
8851 <p>Jeg fikk nylig et spørsmål fra ungdomsskolens rektor om jeg kunne
8852 legge inn <a href="http://freemind.sourceforge.net/">FreeMind</a>, et
8853 tankekartprogram , på skolens elev-Windowsmaskiner. Lærerne hadde
8854 vært på kurs og ville ta dette i bruk. Skolen har ca halvparten av
8855 elevmaskinene på bærbare Windowsmaskiner. Da kunne jeg fortelle at
8856 dette programmet allerede lå inne på den nye Skolelinuxløsningen
8857 som nettopp var satt i drift, klart til bruk.</p>
8858
8859 <p>Vi har de bærbare maskinene på ungdomsskolen i domene med
8860 Skolelinux.  Dette fungerer også meget bra nå. Elevene får opp en
8861 midlertidig windowsprofil når de logger på.  Denne profilen slettes
8862 etter at de logger av, noe som medfører rene profiler hver gang de
8863 starter opp en maskin.  De må lagre i sin Skolelinprofil, noe som
8864 medfører at de får tak i sine filer uavhengig av om de starter en
8865 Windowsmaskin eller en Skolelinuxklient. Det er mye mindre trafikk i
8866 det trådløse nettet etter at ikke hele profiler blir lastet opp til de
8867 enkelte Windowsmaskinene og tilbake når man avslutter. Jeg vet ikke om
8868 dette er standardoppsett i Skolelinux, men slik er vårt oppsett
8869 nå.</p>
8870
8871 <p>Vi har i flere år satt opp vår løsning slik at skriverkøer slettes
8872 og skrivere startes hver natt.  Hyggelig å høre at dette nå skal bli
8873 en standard i Skolelinuxløsningen.  Dette har vært en god hjelp for
8874 oss.</p>
8875
8876 <p>Elevene er lite opptatt av om de jobber på en Skolelinux eller en
8877 Windowsmaskin bare de har de programmene de trenger og at det virker
8878 når det skal brukes. Vi kjører mest mulig de samme programmene på
8879 Windows som i Skolelinux, som f.eks Audacity og LibreOffice.</p>
8880
8881 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8882
8883 <p>Lærere bruker hos oss Windows. Dette fordi de da selv har mer
8884 kontroll over sin maskin, kan bruke den overalt, og kan legge inn
8885 programmer selv når de trenger noe i forhold til kurs o.l de er
8886 på. Jeg tror lærernes selvstendighet her gjør dem tryggere på IKT-bruk
8887 generelt. Det at de av og til får opp advarsler og lignende gjør også
8888 at de må tenke igjennom og spørre om ting rundt datasikkerhet.</p>
8889
8890 <p>Det er en del programmer vi bruker som ikke finnes for Linux.  Mest
8891 brukt er nok Photostory3 som brukes i mange sammenhenger, særlig på
8892 ungdomsskolen, bl.a. til å lage herbarier (plantesamling) .  Dette
8893 finnes gratis for Windows, men er ikke fri programvare.  Vi er opptatt
8894 av at programmer elevene bruker på skolen også kan brukes gratis
8895 hjemme. Det er også en del programmer som brukes til spesielle elever
8896 som bare går i Windows. Det er viktig med fokus på funksjoner og ikke
8897 på hvilket OS man bruker.</p>
8898
8899 <p>For oss er det kombinasjonen mellom Skolelinux og Windows som gir
8900 oss en god og hel løsning. Skolelinux er best der de er gode.</p>
8901
8902 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8903
8904 <p>Selv er det LibreOffice jeg bruker til daglig.  Jeg bruker selv en
8905 Windowsmaskin. Jeg har benyttet en del fri programvare i forbindelse
8906 med sjekking av trafikk i nettverk, slik som Wireshark, men dette er
8907 jo ikke aktuelt for skolene. Jeg er generelt glad i programmer som
8908 fungerer på både Linux og Windows og gjerne MAC.</p>
8909
8910 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8911 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8912
8913 <p>Det er viktig at det benyttes programmer som elevene også kan ta i
8914 bruk hjemme.  Det skal da være enkelt, lovlig og gratis for
8915 elevene. Da er jeg ikke lenger veldig opptatt av om det kalles "fri
8916 programvare".  For skolene tror jeg "gratis" og "funksjonelt" er bedre
8917 begreper enn "fri" i forhold til programmer.  De fleste skiller nok
8918 ikke mellom "fri" og "gratis". Det er nå svært mange elever som
8919 benytter OpenOffice eller LibreOffice som sin primære kontorpakke
8920 hjemme.</p>
8921
8922       </div>
8923       <div class="tags">
8924
8925
8926         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8927
8928
8929       </div>
8930     </div>
8931     <div class="padding"></div>
8932
8933     <div class="entry">
8934       <div class="title">
8935         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Changing_the_default_Iceweasel_start_page_in_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Changing the default Iceweasel start page in Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
8936       </div>
8937       <div class="date">
8938         10th January 2012
8939       </div>
8940       <div class="body">
8941         <p>In the Squeeze version of
8942 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> soon
8943 to be released, users of the system will get their default browser
8944 start page set from LDAP, allowing the system administrator to point
8945 all users to the school web page by updating one setting in LDAP.  In
8946 addition to setting the default start page when a machine boots, users
8947 are shown the same page as a welcome page when they log in for the
8948 first time.</p>
8949
8950 <p>The LDAP object dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no have an attribute
8951 labeledURI with "http://www/ LDAP for Debian Edu/Skolelinux" as the
8952 default content.  By changing this value to another URL, all users get
8953 to see the page behind this new URL.</p>
8954
8955 <p>An easy way to update it is by using the ldapvi tool.  It can be
8956 called as "<tt>ldapvi -ZD '(cn=admin)'</tt>' to update LDAP with the
8957 new setting.</p>
8958
8959 <p>We have written the code to adjust the default start page and show
8960 the welcome page, and I wonder if there is an easier way to do this
8961 from within Iceweasel instead.</p>
8962
8963       </div>
8964       <div class="tags">
8965
8966
8967         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
8968
8969
8970       </div>
8971     </div>
8972     <div class="padding"></div>
8973
8974     <div class="entry">
8975       <div class="title">
8976         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_beta_version_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Second beta version of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
8977       </div>
8978       <div class="date">
8979          7th January 2012
8980       </div>
8981       <div class="body">
8982         <p>I am happy to announce that today we managed to wrap up and publish
8983 the second beta version of
8984 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>.  If
8985 you want to test a LDAP backed Kerberos server with out of the box PXE
8986 configuration for running diskless machines and installing new
8987 machines, check it out.  If you need a software solution for your
8988 school, check it out too.  The full announcement is
8989 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/01/msg00000.html">available</a>
8990 on the project announcement list.</p>
8991
8992       </div>
8993       <div class="tags">
8994
8995
8996         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8997
8998
8999       </div>
9000     </div>
9001     <div class="padding"></div>
9002
9003     <div class="entry">
9004       <div class="title">
9005         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fixing_an_hanging_debian_installer_for_Debian_Edu.html">Fixing an hanging debian installer for Debian Edu</a>
9006       </div>
9007       <div class="date">
9008          3rd January 2012
9009       </div>
9010       <div class="body">
9011         <p>During christmas, I have been working getting the next version of
9012 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> ready
9013 for release.  The initial problem I looked at was particularly
9014 interesting.</p>
9015
9016 <P>The installer would hang at the end when it was doing it
9017 post-installation configuration, and whatevery I did to try to find
9018 the cause and fix it always worked while I tested it, but never when I
9019 integrated it into the installer and ran the installation from
9020 scratch.  I would try to restart processes, close file descriptors,
9021 remove or create files, and the installer would always unblock and
9022 wrap up its tasks.</p>
9023
9024 <p>Eventually the cause was found.  The kernel was simply running out
9025 of entropy, causing the Kerberos setup to hang waiting for more.
9026 Pressing keys was adding entropy to the kernel, and thus all my tries
9027 to fix the problem worked not because what I was typing to fix it, but
9028 because I was typing.</P>
9029
9030 <p>The fix I implemented was to add a background process looking at
9031 the level of entropy in the kernel (by checking
9032 /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail), and if it was too small, the
9033 installer will flush the kernel file buffers and do 'find /' to
9034 generate some disk IO.  Disk IO generate entropy in the kernel, and is
9035 one of the few things that can be initated from within the system to
9036 generate entropy.</p>
9037
9038 <p>The fix is in
9039 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/Installation">beta1
9040 of the Debian Edu/Squeeze</a> version, and we
9041 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu">welcome more testers and
9042 developers</a>.  We plan to release beta2 this weekend.</p>
9043
9044       </div>
9045       <div class="tags">
9046
9047
9048         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
9049
9050
9051       </div>
9052     </div>
9053     <div class="padding"></div>
9054
9055     <div class="entry">
9056       <div class="title">
9057         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Peter_Hansteen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Peter Hansteen</a>
9058       </div>
9059       <div class="date">
9060         11th December 2011
9061       </div>
9062       <div class="body">
9063         <p>Etter en lang pause er det klart for neste mann ut i min serie med
9064 intervjuer av
9065 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-relaterte personer.
9066
9067 Denne gangen har jeg besøk av et avtroppende styremedlem i
9068 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, og en mann
9069 som har vært aktiv i Linux-miljøet i Bergen siden 90-tallet.</p>
9070
9071 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9072
9073 <p>Jeg heter Peter Hansteen, og jobber til daglig som seniorkonsulent
9074 i EDB ErgoGroup i Bergen.  I praksis betyr det systemadministrasjon på
9075 Unix (primært Solaris, men en viss komponent av Linux).  Men Solaris
9076 er for meg et relativt nytt bekjentskap, hovedplattformen min har
9077 generelt vært OpenBSD og til dels FreeBSD.</p>
9078
9079 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9080
9081 <p>Jeg husker ikke helt alle detaljene mer ;) - men jeg tror det var
9082 gjennom news-gruppen no.it.os.unix.linux.diverse, efn-listen og
9083 etterhvert også BLUG-miljøet her i Bergen.  Vi hadde et par
9084 Skolelinux-sentrerte BLUG-møter for noen år siden, og det har vært et
9085 par Skolelinux-utviklersamlinger her.</p>
9086
9087 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9088
9089 <p>Jeg bruker dessverre ikke Skolelinux daglig. Men slik jeg kjenner
9090 prosjektet har det vært i stand til å ta opp i seg det beste av fri
9091 programvare i mange kategorier, så fra et sysadmin-perspektiv ser det
9092 ut som en svært behagelig sak.  For brukerne er det vel både en fordel
9093 og en ulempe at det ikke er Windows. Men vi håper at fordelene med et
9094 fritt system etterhvert vil bli åpenbare for både elever, lærekrefter
9095 og foreldre.</p>
9096
9097 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9098
9099 <p>Vel, ulempen er vel først og fremst at andre aktører med mer
9100 kapitalmuskel har klart å etablere seg som det både lærere og foreldre
9101 føler seg trygge på, selv om det etter mitt hode ikke er noen grunn
9102 til å være spesielt trygg på de kommersielle alternativene.</p>
9103
9104 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9105
9106 <p>Når jeg får bestemme helt selv, bruker jeg kun fri programvare. Da
9107 helst med vekt på ting som kjører greit på OpenBSD.  Hjemme er det
9108 OpenBSD, Ubuntu eller FreeBSD vi bruker.  På skrivebordet er det en
9109 avveining mellom Gnome, KDE eller hva-det-nå-heter som er
9110 standardvalget i Ubuntu, ellers er det de kjente tingene som
9111 LibreOffice, Emacs, mplayer.  På server er det selvfølgelig Apache,
9112 for overvåking både OpenNMS og Nagios (det bare ble sånn, og
9113 forskjellige siter).  Jeg skriver til tider om slikt jeg holder på med
9114 på
9115 <a href="http://bsdly.blogspot.com">http://bsdly.blogspot.com</a>.</p>
9116
9117 <p>Men vi må nevne at selv vi har en Microsoft-ting som vi slår på når
9118 vi av en eller annen grunn må. Det betyr igjen vanligvis når en
9119 mobiltelefon eller en annen lukket elektronisk dings krever kontakt
9120 via en slik for å få oppdateringene sine.</p>
9121
9122 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9123 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9124
9125 <p>Hadde vi hatt det rette svaret på det spørsmålet, så hadde vi
9126 gjerne hatt Skolelinux som førstevalg på alle skoler ;)</p>
9127
9128 <p>Men jeg tror vi må legge vekt på flere forskjellige ting.  En helt
9129 sentral sak er å fokusere på fri programvare og åpne standarder som de
9130 demokratiske verdiene de faktisk er.  Det har kanskje kommet litt for
9131 mye i bakgrunnen i forhold til strevet etter å lage det mest mulig
9132 'brukervennlige' systemet.  Det er en tung vei å gå, så det er
9133 forståelig at freenix-aktivister heller velger å skrive kode og annet
9134 som er mer lystbetont. Mer praktisk tror jeg vi må gjøre i alle fall
9135 to ting: For det første sørge for å fortsette med å levere det best
9136 mulige frie produktet, slik at det er lett å både komme i gang og
9137 holde systemene i daglig drift, og for det andre 2) spore opp mulige
9138 aktivister der de finnes, via lokale brukergrupper, sosiale medier
9139 eller annet og sørge for at de fortsetter å være aktive.  Mer og
9140 mindre uformelle treff kan være nyttig i tillegg til de mer
9141 organiserte møtene med foredrag, konferanser og utviklersamlinger.</p>
9142
9143       </div>
9144       <div class="tags">
9145
9146
9147         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9148
9149
9150       </div>
9151     </div>
9152     <div class="padding"></div>
9153
9154     <div class="entry">
9155       <div class="title">
9156         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Frode_Jemtland.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Frode Jemtland</a>
9157       </div>
9158       <div class="date">
9159         27th July 2011
9160       </div>
9161       <div class="body">
9162         <p>Neste mann ut i min serie med intervjuer av Skolelinux-relaterte
9163 personer er en tidligere styreleder i
9164 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a> som var med
9165 fra starten av
9166 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-prosjektet.</p>
9167
9168 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9169
9170 <p>Mitt navn er Frode Jemtland, og jeg jobber i Hedmark IKT, som er et
9171 driftsselskap for Grue, Hamar, Kongsvinger, Løten, Nord-Odal og Stange
9172 kommuner. Her er jeg leder for avdelingen Løsninger og Arkitektur. Vi
9173 har i hovedansvar for servere, infrastruktur og løsninger som
9174 helhet.</p>
9175
9176 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9177
9178 <p>Jobbet i IBM fra 2000, og da spesielt med Linux. Dette var da et av
9179 de mest tydelige linux prosjektene i Norge, og her ønsket jeg å
9180 bidra. Var aktivt med i prosjektet i 4-5 år.</p>
9181
9182 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9183
9184 <p>Fordelene slik jeg ser det er den sentraliserte driftmodellen, og
9185 alle de vel gjennomtenkte løsningene som er inkludert i denne
9186 løsningen. Samtidig er det basert på en stabil, og godt kjent
9187 plattform. Dette vil si at man har en løsning som skal være mye
9188 tilgjengelig, og hvor det er relativt enkelt å få tak i personer som
9189 kan mye om den grunnleggende plattformen.</p>
9190
9191 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9192
9193 <p>De største utfordringene med en løsningen er at den er intensiv på f.eks
9194 nettverk. I seg selv ikke et problem for en enkelt skole, men skal løsningen
9195 kjøres i større skala, med sentraliserte servere, så gir dette noen
9196 utfordringer.</p>
9197
9198 <p>Utifra hva jeg har sett på større installasjoner så er det ikke så
9199 enkelt å skjønne, hva som bør gjøres for at den skal skaleres opp, og
9200 da ta godt vare på alle sider av dette, ikke bare mer server å fordele
9201 last/trykk, men hvordan også beholde robustheten og fleksibiliteten i
9202 løsningen.</p>
9203
9204 <p>En annen utfordring er at stadig flere produkter som skal brukes i
9205 skoleløsningen ikke er laget til å kunne brukes i en
9206 skolelinuxløsning. Det blir derfor fort mye skreddersøm i de
9207 forskjellige installasjonene, for å få diverse pedagogiske programmer,
9208 webløsninger, smartboards, m.m. til å fungere.  Man er også en for
9209 liten kundebase til at leverandørene ønsker å gjøre noe med
9210 utfordringen. Problemet overlates til oss.</p>
9211
9212 <p>Det er også en kontinuerlig utfordring rundt problemet med å holde
9213 programvare på stabile versjoner, kontra å få ny funksjonalitet. Dette
9214 er jo en konflikt mellom oss som ønsker å drifte en stabil, og
9215 kostnadseffektiv løsning, mot sluttbrukerne som ønsker seg funksjoner
9216 det er vant med fra andre løsninger, eller som de må ha for at et
9217 eller annet nytt produkt skal fungere i løsningen. Dette er en
9218 utfordring også for andre plattformer.</p>
9219
9220 <p>En siste utfordring som ikke har noe med løsningen å gjøre, men med
9221 det omkringliggende miljøet denne skal kjøre i, er at de enhetene som
9222 skal drifte dataløsninger for kommuner og fylkeskommuner begynner å
9223 profesjonaliseres, og er da avhengig av å ha standard løsninger for å
9224 drifte store brukermasser. MS er selvsagt klar over dette, og har jo
9225 nå flere områder de begynner å bli veldig dominerende på. Den største,
9226 og mest problematiske er katalogtjenesten.  Man får snart ikke tak i
9227 større løsninger som ikke krever en AD. Når man da har store enheter
9228 som drifter både kommunalt ansatte og skoler, så vil det være et
9229 stordriftargument å standardisere på en katalog tjeneste, og da har
9230 man ikke noe valg. Her er alle slike driftsenheter for små til å få
9231 gjort om på dette. Her burde konkurransemyndighetene kommet på
9232 banen. Men konkurransetilsynet i USA griper sjeldent (og ikke før det
9233 har gått veldig lang tid) inn i monopolsituasjoner så lenge
9234 monopolisten er et amerikansk firma, så da har vel ikke andre
9235 myndigheter så mye de skulle ha sagt....</p>
9236
9237 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9238
9239 <p>Privat kjører jeg Debian på alle mine datamaskiner. Det gjør jeg
9240 også på min jobbmaskin. Vi har også 15-20 linux servere av typene
9241 SuSE, Debian, Redhat, CentOS m.m. Jeg bruker derfor mye fri
9242 programvare. Av enkelt programmer kan sikkert masse nevnes. Hvis vi
9243 skal begrense oss til daglig, så må jeg si: OpenOffice, Firefox,
9244 Kontact, Kopete, Amarok,
9245 <a href="http://gramps-project.org/">Gramps</a>, Kate, ssh, bash,
9246 rsync, backuppc m.m.</p>
9247
9248 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9249 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9250
9251 <p>Det er et godt spørsmål, som jeg har lurt på selv.</p>
9252
9253 <p>Argumentene som ofte har vært brukt om at ting koster mindre holder
9254 ikke mål når man ser på hva som faktisk koster penger. Det er de
9255 ansatte som er en kostnadsdriver. Det vil si at hvis man har et system
9256 som den ansatte kan, så vil en kostnad på dette systemet kunne
9257 forsvares ganske mye ved at den ansatte gjør dette raskere og
9258 effektivt. Også uten å måtte eventuelt leie inn folk.</p>
9259
9260 <p>Jeg syns det er viktigere å fokusere på prinsippet med å velge fri
9261 programvare, men det er også et felt hvor man fort møter lite
9262 forståelse blant de ansatte i skolen.</p>
9263
9264 <p>Her må nok strategien fortsette å være at de sentrale myndighetene
9265 må sende tydelige signaler for hva de ønsker at offentlige enheter
9266 skal gjøre. Det var mye positivt på gang ang. dette for et par år
9267 siden. Både med eNorge og eKommune planene, men dette syns jeg har
9268 stoppet opp. En del av dette kan jo kanskje være usikkerheten som
9269 etter hvert har blitt, når man har sett kompleksiteten i de
9270 prosjektene som har blitt igangsatt. Det har også blitt noe usikkerhet
9271 i markedet ref. Sun, Oracle, Novell, Microsoft m.m.  Samtidig har jo
9272 også de proprietære programleverandørene sørget for å endre sine
9273 lisenser slik at man uansett ikke slipper unna kostnaden til deres
9274 produkter, selv om man skulle velge alternativer. Da er det økonomiske
9275 argumentet, som jeg nevnte tidligere, spilt ganske godt ut over
9276 sidelinjen.</p>
9277
9278       </div>
9279       <div class="tags">
9280
9281
9282         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9283
9284
9285       </div>
9286     </div>
9287     <div class="padding"></div>
9288
9289     <div class="entry">
9290       <div class="title">
9291         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Marius_Kotsbak.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Marius Kotsbak</a>
9292       </div>
9293       <div class="date">
9294         10th April 2011
9295       </div>
9296       <div class="body">
9297         <p>Neste mann ut er Marius Kotsbak, styremedlem i
9298 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a> og mangeårig
9299 bidragsyter i
9300 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-prosjektet.</p>
9301
9302 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9303
9304 <p>Jeg er en systemutvikler/kybernetiker og jobber med dette til
9305 daglig. På fritiden tester jeg ut/bruker mye fri programvare, og
9306 bidrar med testing og utvikling når jeg ser stort nok behov for det og
9307 jeg har noe å bidra med.</p>
9308
9309 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9310
9311 <p>Hmm, det er lenge siden, så det er nesten så jeg ikke husker. Jeg
9312 hadde vel hørt om prosjektet i media før en gjeng i Trondheim startet
9313 opp SPIST, Skolelinux-prosjektet i Sør-Trøndelag, hvor vi hjalp noen
9314 skoler i nærområdet med å installere Skolelinux og finne brukt
9315 IT-utstyr til disse. Det var moro å gjøre noe praktisk for å spre
9316 Skolelinux, og å se hvor fort gjort det var å sette opp utrangerte
9317 klientmaskiner og få disse opp som tynnklienter på helt nye datasaler
9318 på skolene, kun med kostnaden til servere.</p>
9319
9320 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9321
9322 <p>Det er et system spesielt skreddersydd for drift av et stort antall
9323 klienter mot servere, og da spesielt i henhold til skolers behov.  Det
9324 er enkelt og billig å installere og drifte, og det trenger ikke ny
9325 maskinvare for god ytelse.</p>
9326
9327 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9328
9329 <p>Hardwarestøtten kunne vært bedre og i enda større grad
9330 installerbart rett ut av boksen.  Distribusjonen har til tider hatt
9331 litt gammel programvare pga. at den følger Debian sine utgivelser.
9332 Kanskje man skulle vurdert en versjon basert på Ubuntu eller andre
9333 distribusjoner i tillegg?</p>
9334
9335 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9336
9337 <p>Oi, det er ikke lite. Her er det jeg kommer på i farta.  Jeg bruker
9338 Linux og Ubuntu, og på Ubuntu programene Firefox, Thunderbird,
9339 Chromium, Pidgin, Digikam, OpenOffice, Wireshark, git og irssi.
9340 Telefonen min er en Android, og der bruker jeg programmene K-9 Mail,
9341 OI Shopping list, Shuffle, ZXing, OI Notepad og ADW Desktop.  På jobb
9342 bruker jeg JBoss, Eclipse, uCLinux for Blackfin, RCF-CPP, Qt, Maven,
9343 og boost-bibliotekene for C++.</p>
9344
9345 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9346 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9347
9348 <p>En bør fokusere på totalkostnader inkludert driftsbehov,
9349 fleksibilitet, åpenhet og ikke låsing til en leverandør framfor sparte
9350 lisenskostnader, samt programvarens kvalitet og fortrinn, og at den
9351 fritt kan brukes på et ubegrenset antall PC-er, også hjemme hos
9352 elevene.  En bør også forbedre den fri programvaren ved testing,
9353 bugrapportering og kodebidrag om man kan, og ikke anbefale programvare
9354 uten at man har forsikret seg at den har tilstrekkelig kvalitet,
9355 ellers kan man lett oppnå det motsatte.  Tror en bør selge inn
9356 konseptet til fylkes-/statsnivå, kanskje med bidrag til
9357 utviklingsarbeid fra disse som alle landets skoler kan få glede
9358 av.</p>
9359
9360       </div>
9361       <div class="tags">
9362
9363
9364         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9365
9366
9367       </div>
9368     </div>
9369     <div class="padding"></div>
9370
9371     <div class="entry">
9372       <div class="title">
9373         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Odin_Hetland_N_sen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Odin Hetland Nøsen</a>
9374       </div>
9375       <div class="date">
9376         28th March 2011
9377       </div>
9378       <div class="body">
9379         <p>Mine bloggposter om Linux i skolene i Norge førte til at inspektør
9380 og ildsjel på Harestad skole tok kontakt og fortalte at de bruker
9381 Linux på sin skole, og lurte på om de kunne bidra til å gjøre
9382 fordelene kjent.  Riktig nok bruker de ikke
9383 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> på denne skolen,
9384 men jeg synes dette er en god anledning til å gjøre flere fasetter
9385 rundt Linux-økosystemet kjent, og tok et lite intervju.</p>
9386
9387 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9388
9389 <p>Mitt navn er Odin Hetland Nøsen og er en 70-modell. Jeg er bosatt i
9390 Stavanger og jobber nå på 9. året som undervisninginspektør på
9391 Harestad skole i Randaberg kommune (nabokommune til Stavanger).</p>
9392
9393 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9394
9395 <p>I 2002 begynte daværende IKT-ansvarlige og jeg et arbeid på skolen
9396 med å gå over fra Win98 til... noe annet. Vi testet en rekke
9397 forskjellige løsninger, deriblant Skolelinux, men endte opp med
9398 RedHat. Skolelinux var den gang ikke modent for det vi ville ha.  Jeg
9399 har siden fulgt jevnlig med på hva skolelinux holder på med, men har
9400 hele tiden vært bedre fornøyd med vår egen "standardiserte" løsning på
9401 RedHat/CentOS og Fedora. Vi snuser for tiden på Ubuntu som løsning på
9402 klientsiden.</p>
9403
9404 <p>I dag har vi på skolen vår en større linux-løsning med 400 klienter
9405 som kjører en blanding av LTSP (tynnklient) og DRBL (tykk klient uten
9406 harddisk) med en masse tjenere på serverrommet. Vi drifter hele
9407 sulamitten selv med webtjener, eposttjener, webmail, filtjenere,
9408 virtuelle tjenere osv.  Og IT-ansvarlig har en 80% stilling som
9409 IT-ansvarlig - og så er han KoH-lærer i de resterende 20% :-)</p>
9410
9411 <p>Du kan få en ide om hva vi holder på med om du går inn på
9412 <a href="http://www.gnuskole.no/">http://www.gnuskole.no/</a>.</p>
9413
9414 <p>For å ta brodden av frykten for at ildsjeler gjør skolen sårbar om
9415 ildsjelene falle fra, har jeg forsikret kommunen og skolesjefen i
9416 Randaberg om at det finnes godt kommersielle tjenester vi kan benytte
9417 oss av - om det skulle bli nødvendig. Vi er tre stykker i kommunen som
9418 nå har <strong>god</strong> linux-kompetanse ift. å drifte et større
9419 system.  IT-avdelingen i kommunen vil ikke ta på oss med ildtang -
9420 selv om vi nok har større IT-kompetanse mot linux enn det de selv har
9421 mot windows (de kjøper en <strong>masse</strong> konsulenttjenester
9422 fra ErgoGroup).</p>
9423
9424 <p>I kvantitet er Harestad og Grødem skole tilsammen et større
9425 IT-system enn resten av Randaberg kommune + Kvitsøy og Rennesøy, som
9426 kommunen også har driftsansvar for.  Vi har som sagt rundt 800
9427 maskiner, mens kommunen med sitt driftsansvar har ansvar for rundt 500
9428 maskiner. Det er selvfølgelig litt forskjell i hvor kritiske
9429 tjenestene våre er, men det gir allikevel et litt rart bilde når
9430 IT-avdelingen overhode ikke er interessert i å snakke med oss om
9431 hvordan vi gjør ting :-)</p>
9432
9433 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9434
9435 <p>Fra linux-perspektivet (ikke bare Skolelinux) er det en fordel av
9436 systemet er basert på fri programvare - og dermed fritt i ordets mange
9437 betydninger. Det er alt vi trenger: stabilt, relativt enkelt å drifte
9438 (tross alt - et større windowssystem er ikke enkelt å holde live det
9439 heller), rimelig i innkjøp og drift, og sist, men ikke minst, det er
9440 moderne for sluttbruker! Linux, i sine mange varianter,
9441 <strong>ser</strong> nytt ut, fordi det hele tiden blir
9442 oppdatert. Derfor lever systemet opp til hvordan elever forventer at
9443 et moderne GUI skal være (i motsetning til WinXP :-).</p>
9444
9445 <p>Vi var veldig pragmatiske da vi begynte med linux i skolen. Det var
9446 billig, det fungerte og kunne bruke alle de gamle windows-maskinene
9447 som "nye" tynne klienter.  I dag er vi mer bevisste fri
9448 programvare-tilhengere.  Vi har oppdaget hva det er - og vi liker
9449 det!</p>
9450
9451 <p>En av de <strong>store</strong> fordelene med fri programvare er at
9452 vi kan installere tjenester vi ønsker å tilby brukerne våre - uten å
9453 måtte tenke på om vi har råd til lisensene (fordi det er ingen). Alt
9454 vi setter i produksjon er ut i fra brukernes behov og vår kapasitet
9455 til å drifte dem. Vi skreddersyr tjenestene etter behovet og dermed
9456 trenger vi ikke ende opp med å kjøpe en pakke der vi egentlig bare var
9457 interessert i en liten del av den.</p>
9458
9459 <p>Bruk av linux frigjør ikke økonomiske midler, fordi midlene til IKT
9460 i skole er for få i utgangspunktet - men vi får så
9461 <strong>mye</strong> mer igjen for dem når vi bruker en linux-løsning
9462 fremfor en windows-løsning. I praksis ser vi at vi måtte ut med det
9463 dobbelte på budsjettet vårt om vi skulle hatt en tilsvarende
9464 windows-løsning, som det vi i dag drifter med linux.</p>
9465
9466 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9467
9468 <p>Ikke all pedagogisk programvare er tilgjengelig. Det er en del
9469 programvare i skolen som er laget med utviklerverktøy som bare virker
9470 i windows, f.eks. Drillpro, LingDys/LingWrite. Det er også
9471 "programmer" som bare virker om du har tilgang til Microsoft Office,
9472 f.eks. AskiRaski.</p>
9473
9474 <p>Vi sliter også litt med at video-codecer ikke alltid er like lett å
9475 få opp å gå på klientene. Det er alltid en eller annen videosnutt fra
9476 nrk.no som ikke er så samarbeidsvillig, uansett mediaplayer.</p>
9477
9478 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9479
9480 <p>Alt :-) På skolen bruker vi det som finnes og som er nyttig. Det vi
9481 bruker mest er Firefox (jobber med Chrome, fordi det er
9482 <strong>mye</strong> raskere med Flash enn Firefox), OpenOffice (skal
9483 over til LibreOffice), GIMP osv. Standardpakken av
9484 sluttbrukerprogrammer.</p>
9485
9486 <p>På tjenernivå bruker vi OpenWebMail (skal over til Zimbra), Exim
9487 osv.</p>
9488
9489 <p>Personlig bruker jeg de fleste programmer over flere plattformer,
9490 men jeg har lagt meg til en vane å prioritere bruken av fri
9491 programvare også i Windows 7 og OSX.</p>
9492
9493 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9494 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9495
9496 <p>Jeg er langt i fra sikker. For det første handler det mye om at
9497 IKT-avdelingen i kommunen ofte er de som styrer hva som er IKT på
9498 skolene - og de liker å bruke avtalene med Microsoft, som de garantert
9499 har fra før.  Dessuten - Select 6-avtalen til skolene gjør Microsoft
9500 skvettbillig.</p>
9501
9502 <p>Vi la vekt på effektiv drift av systemet - og at vi kunne øke
9503 antall maskiner uten å måtte øke budsjett for utstyr eller personell
9504 særlig mye, enn om vi hadde gått for en Microsoft-løsning. I praksis
9505 ser vi at en ren linux-installasjon driftes til halve prisen av en
9506 Microsoft-løsning.</p>
9507
9508 <p>Vi har i praksis også sett at det lærerne (og elevene) liker er at
9509 vi tilbyr <strong>veldig</strong> mange tjenester som ikke er så
9510 vanlige i en Microsoft-løsning. Det er ikke så vanlig at
9511 <strong>elevene</strong> også har epost, hjemmekontor osv. Det har vi
9512 også brukt som et vellykket argument mot Microsoft.</p>
9513
9514 <p>Den beste måten er selvfølgelig at noen bare bestemmer
9515 det. Problemet er å få dem som har makt til å bestemme det til faktisk
9516 å gjøre det ;-)</p>
9517
9518       </div>
9519       <div class="tags">
9520
9521
9522         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9523
9524
9525       </div>
9526     </div>
9527     <div class="padding"></div>
9528
9529     <div class="entry">
9530       <div class="title">
9531         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Astri_Sletteng.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Astri Sletteng</a>
9532       </div>
9533       <div class="date">
9534         27th February 2011
9535       </div>
9536       <div class="body">
9537         <p>En dame som har bidratt lenge til fri programvare i skoleverket og
9538 i foreningen som organiserer skolelinux-utviklersamlinger,
9539 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, er neste
9540 intervjuoffer.  Det er en glede å her presentere en lærer fra Håkvik.</p>
9541
9542 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9543
9544 <p>Jeg heter Astri Sletteng. Jeg er lærer og IKT veileder ved Håkvik
9545 skole i Narvik kommune.  Min bakgrunn når det gjelder IKT: Av formell
9546 utdannelse har jeg lærerutdanning, Master i skoleledelse og IKT for
9547 lærere. Har jobba som IKT veileder siden 2002.</p>
9548
9549 <p>Det viktigste for meg som IKT veileder er å få fundamentert den
9550 5. basisferdigheten, digital kompetanse ved skolen min på en god måte
9551 slik at hele skolesamfunnet tar i bruk IKT i alle fag. Dette arbeidet
9552 gjøres i nært samarbeid med skolens ledelse.</p>
9553
9554 <p>Min viktigste jobb som IKT veileder er å være motivator og pådriver
9555 i IKT arbeidet ved skolen.</p>
9556
9557 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9558
9559 <p>Jobber i en kommune hvor vi satser på Fri programvare. I 2004 ble
9560 det gjort et politisk vedtak om at vi skulle innføre Skolelinux ved
9561 alle skolene i kommunen. Jeg har dermed en god del erfaring med
9562 Skolelinux, samt annen fri programvare som Open Office, Joomla, Moodle
9563 etc.</p>
9564
9565 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9566
9567 <p>Siden vi jobber med åpen kildekode kan vi få programmene og
9568 produktene tilpasset vår bruk. Det er jo heller ikke en ulempe at
9569 skolen kommer bedre ut økonomisk, men først og fremst er det viktig
9570 for oss at vi har digitale systemer som gjør at vi kan følge
9571 læreplanen i alle fag. Det syns jeg at vi kan gjøre gjennom
9572 Skolelinux.</p>
9573
9574 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9575
9576 <p>Skolen er avhengige av å ha folk på IT avdelinga i kommunen som kan
9577 drive support, og være tilgjengelige når vi trenger hjelp. Det er en
9578 ulempe at ikke alle på denne avdelingen nødvendigvis er god på
9579 Linux.</p>
9580
9581 <p>Vi har også noen utfordringer når det kommer til spesielle
9582 programmer som enkelte elever er avhengige av ? og som ikke er
9583 plattform uavhengige. Her har vi i Friprog-verden, men også
9584 departement en jobb å gjøre.</p>
9585
9586 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9587
9588 <p>Skolen vår bruker Skolelinux, Open Office, Iceweazel (Mozilla),
9589 VLC, Tux paint, Scribus, FreeMind, GIMP, digiKam, Ksnapshot, GeoGebra,
9590 Moodle (innført på alle klassetrinn + som et administrativt verktøy)
9591 og Joomla som hjemmeside.<p>
9592
9593 <p>Det er de jeg kommer på i farten. I tillegg har vi Smartboard
9594 installert på server, men det regnes vel ikke som fri programvare?</p>
9595
9596 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9597 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9598
9599 <p>Først og fremst trenger skolen oppetider på sine datasystemer. Syns
9600 også at det at vi kan få tilpasset plattform og systemer til vår bruk
9601 er en god strategi å bruke.</p>
9602
9603       </div>
9604       <div class="tags">
9605
9606
9607         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9608
9609
9610       </div>
9611     </div>
9612     <div class="padding"></div>
9613
9614     <div class="entry">
9615       <div class="title">
9616         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Rub_n_Romero_y_Cordero.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Rubén Romero y Cordero</a>
9617       </div>
9618       <div class="date">
9619         16th February 2011
9620       </div>
9621       <div class="body">
9622         <p>Styret i foreningen som organiserer skolelinux-utviklersamlinger,
9623 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, er fullt av
9624 flinke folk.  Denne gangen har jeg fått et ferskt styremedlem som
9625 kommer fra Ubuntu-miljøet i tale.</p>
9626
9627 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9628
9629 <p>Rubén Romero y Cordero, 81-modell, deltidspappa (50%) for en jente
9630 på 6 år. Jobber i Oslo som Global Sales Executive hos Varnish Software
9631 og til daglig har jeg kontakt med kunder fra hele verden. Min
9632 forkjærlighet for fri programvare har gjort at jeg har nå flere års
9633 erfaring med salg av slike løsninger (bl.a. fra Redpill Linpro og
9634 Freecode) og mye innsikt og kunnskap om det globale IT-markedet.
9635 Ellers er jeg involvert i flere prosjekter bl.a. er jeg Ubuntu
9636 Community medlem, kontaktpersonen for Ubuntu Norge og driveren av
9637 SpreadUbuntu marketing prosjektet og nå fersk styremedlem i FRISK. Jeg
9638 har brukt GNU/Linux siden 1997.</p>
9639
9640 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9641
9642 <p>Som Debian bruker siden slutten av 90-tallet var det uunngåelig å
9643 ikke komme bort i Skolelinux. Dette var vel i slutten av 2001 når jeg
9644 var student ved UiO. Flere år senere fikk jeg lastet og testet Venus
9645 (Skolelinux 1.0) på release dagen.</p>
9646
9647 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9648
9649 <p>Fri programvare bygges sten for sten i det åpne, slik at koden og
9650 prosessen den lages på kan gjennomskues av andre enn de som har laget
9651 det. Det er et vitenskapelig og gjennomsiktig måte å lage programvare
9652 på.</p>
9653
9654 <p>Skoler i vårt samfunn skal være steder hvor vitenskapelig kunnskap
9655 deles til alle.  I dag har vi ikke et vitenskapelig tilnærming til
9656 hvordan programvaren som brukes på skolen lages. Skolelinux bringer
9657 inn at slik tilnærming i skoleverkets klasserom, siden
9658 operativsystemet er en åpent platform som gir skolene muligheten til å
9659 dra nytte av programvare som er laget av tusenvis av mennesker verden
9660 rundt og som gir elevene så vel som lærerne muligheten til å bruke,
9661 dele, forandre og forbedre OSet sitt uten begrensninger. I den
9662 forbindelsen representerer Skolelinux også konkrete resultater utfra
9663 samhandling på tvers av grenser.</p>
9664
9665 <p>Når det gjelder de tekniske fordelene av Skolelinux er jeg sikker
9666 på at andre enn meg har allerede beskrevet disse bedre enn det jeg
9667 kan.  Men jeg kan likevel tilføye noe: Skolelinux som sådan er en
9668 community-drevet operativsystemplatform. Som i ethvert
9669 community-prosjekt har alle Skolelinux brukere muligheten til å
9670 påvirke retning av prosjektet og resultatet som gjenspeiles i
9671 programvaren. Dette kommer sjeldent frem og jeg mener at det er noe
9672 som burde fokuseres mer på.</p>
9673
9674 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9675
9676 <p>De største ulempene er:</p>
9677
9678 <ul>
9679 <li>Mangel på kompetanse</li>
9680 <li>Mangel av administrative verktøy som kunne hjelpe lokale IT
9681   avdelinger å bruke Skolelinux til mer enn bare en tjener for
9682   terminalklienter. Et eksempel: Zentyal sin web-dashboard.</li>
9683 </ul>
9684
9685 <p>Bedre og mer intuitive administrative verktøy kunne løst deler av
9686 problemet, men det er unektelig at ved bruk av Skolelinux må
9687 IT-personalet vite hva de gjør for å få ting gjort riktig, eller i det
9688 hele tatt. Med andre platformer er kompetansen enklere tilgjengelig og
9689 løsningene kan fungere på en tilfredstillende, om ikke riktig
9690 måte.</p>
9691
9692 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9693
9694 <p>Har brukt GNU/Linux utelukkende sommitt skrivebord OS siden 2000. I
9695 dag bruker jeg Ubuntu og gjør det meste med friprogramvare verktøyene
9696 som er tilgjengelige der. Med over 20.000 programmer å velge mellom er
9697 dette mer enn nok for de fleste brukerne.</p>
9698
9699 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9700 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9701
9702 <p>Opplysning og pragmatikk.  Vi prøver å løse problemer med bruk av
9703 programvare. De fleste utfordringene skolene har på IKT-siden kan
9704 løses ved hjelp av friprogramvareverktøy i dag. Det som trenges er
9705 opplysning, kunnskap og kompetanse.</p>
9706
9707       </div>
9708       <div class="tags">
9709
9710
9711         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9712
9713
9714       </div>
9715     </div>
9716     <div class="padding"></div>
9717
9718     <div class="entry">
9719       <div class="title">
9720         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Morten_Amundsen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Morten Amundsen</a>
9721       </div>
9722       <div class="date">
9723         23rd January 2011
9724       </div>
9725       <div class="body">
9726         <p>Denne gangen er det Tromsøkontoret til Friprog-senteret, og nyvalgt
9727 styremedlem i <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen
9728 FRISK</a> jeg har fått i tale i min intervjuserie med
9729 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-folk.</p>
9730
9731 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9732
9733 <p>Jeg heter Morten Amundsen og jobber i
9734 <a href="http://www.friprog.no/">Friprog.no</a>, men er for tiden leid
9735 ut til <a href="http://www.bredbandsfylket.no/">Bredbåndsfylket
9736 Troms</a> der jeg jobber med ett prosjekt som heter
9737 "<a href="http://www.bredbandsfylket.no/skolefjoela.157417.no.html">Skolefjøla</a>"
9738 Vi ser på en åpen løsning som integrerer eksisterende lukkete
9739 løsninger sammen med fri programvare. Målet er å gi elever og lærere
9740 en plattform som de kan tilpasse utfra behov.</p>
9741
9742 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9743
9744 <p>Skolelinux har jeg møtt ved flere anledninger opp gjennom åra, både gjennom
9745 entusiastiske skolelinuxbrukere og skeptiske "forståsegpåere" :-)</p>
9746
9747 <p>Jeg husker en leverandør av et stort OS for noen år siden mente at
9748 Skolelinux var kun for hackere og nerder og at ingen seriøse skoler
9749 kunne ta dette i bruk.  Heldigvis er kunnskapen større nå og
9750 skikkelige "IT-folk" søker alltid å utvide sin kunnskap.
9751
9752 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9753
9754 <p>Ja det er mange fordeler. Uavhengighet, stabilitet, åpenhet, standarder
9755 osv. Tror det er viktig at man ikke begrenser mulighetene på den plattformen
9756 elevene skal jobbe.</p>
9757
9758 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9759
9760 <p>Det største hinderet er det vi opplever på andre områder rundt
9761 fri programvare, nemlig kunnskap. For mange er det trygt å velge det vi
9762 alltid har valgt. Fordi leverandørene rundt oss sitter på den kunnskapen og
9763 de vi støtter oss på har den samme.  Hvis vi klarer å riste løs litt og
9764 glemme gamle kriger mellom operativsystemer og  leverandører, men sette ned
9765 hva som er viktig og velge ut fra det, så hadde man kanskje kommet ut med
9766 litt andre resultat. Jeg tror IT-folk er konservative og velger tradisjonelt
9767 og det er synd.</p>
9768
9769 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9770
9771 <p>Jeg bruker Ubuntu, Android, Jolicloud, Open Office, Zimbra, Picasa
9772 og Firefox samt en bråte med tjenester som er webbasert. Det eneste
9773 som er betalingslisens for er OSX.  Ser at jeg jobber mer og mer i
9774 skyen og setter pris på alt jeg slipper egen klient til.  Derfor er
9775 jeg veldig sjarmert av små kjappe operativsystemer som krever minimalt
9776 av maskinvaren.</p>
9777
9778 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9779 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9780
9781 <p>Tror en blanding av krav og informasjon er veien å gå. Krav om
9782 sikkerhet, oppetid og åpne standarder.  Informasjon om muligheter og
9783 alternativer. Her har leverandører, IT-avdelinger og pedagoger en vei
9784 å gå sammen. Det er til slutt LÆRING det dreier seg om, og da må man
9785 få mest mulig læring for pengene man har.</p>
9786
9787       </div>
9788       <div class="tags">
9789
9790
9791         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9792
9793
9794       </div>
9795     </div>
9796     <div class="padding"></div>
9797
9798     <div class="entry">
9799       <div class="title">
9800         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Sturle_Sunde.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Sturle Sunde</a>
9801       </div>
9802       <div class="date">
9803         19th January 2011
9804       </div>
9805       <div class="body">
9806         <p>Denne gang har jeg fått tak i en mangeårig unix-mann som etter
9807 mange år ved Universitetet i Oslo, der jeg først traff ham, har
9808 flyttet tilbake til vestlandet, og der bidratt til å revitalisere
9809 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-oppsettet i
9810 Florø.</p>
9811
9812 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9813
9814 <p>Sturle Sunde, ansvarleg for skulenettet i Flora kommune.  Eg driv,
9815 vidareutviklar og er andrelinje brukarstøtte for datanettet ved
9816 skulane i Flora kommune.  10 skular og meir enn 700 maskiner med
9817 Linux, medrekna tynnklientar.  Tidlegare jobba eg i mange år med
9818 unix-drift ved Universitetets senter for informasjonsteknologi ved
9819 Universitetet i Oslo.</p>
9820
9821 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9822
9823 <p>Det er vanskeleg å svare konkret på.  Eg har drive med Unix og Linux i
9824 alle år, og Skulelinux er eit godt kjent prosjekt i miljøet.  Det var
9825 først i 2008, då eg tok til i min noverande jobb, at eg fekk bruk for
9826 Skulelinux for alvor.</p>
9827
9828 <p>Jobben min skulle vere drift av eit nytt skulenett i Flora kommune,
9829 levert av eit firma eg ikkje vil reklamere for.  Systemet skulle vere
9830 ferdig levert i september året før.  Dette viste seg å ta mykje lenger
9831 tid, og i haustferien 2008 hadde dei endå ikkje klart å få opp ei
9832 fungerande løysing.  Situasjonen var prekær for den største skulen i
9833 kommunen med meir enn 500 elevar på ungdomssteget.  Skulen hadde brukt
9834 Skulelinux før, og var tilfredse med det.  No hadde dei vore utan
9835 fungerande datasystem i nesten eit år.  Difor fekk eg opp ein ny tenar
9836 utanfor prosjektet og installerte Skulelinux på den.  Etter litt
9837 justering av konfigurasjonen med god hjelp av #skolelinux på IRC, var
9838 den nye tenaren oppe og gjekk med både tynne og halv-tjukke klientar.
9839 Autentisering gjekk mot det nye systemet, slik at elevar og lærarar
9840 framleis har same brukarnamn og passord over alt.  Dette berre
9841 fungerte, og vi bestemte oss for å erstatte delar av løysinga vi
9842 skulle få levert med Skulelinux.</p>
9843
9844 <p>Det høyrer med til historia at det nye systemet eg skulle drive frå
9845 januar 2008 endå ikkje er ferdig levert.  Dei jobbar med saka, seier
9846 dei, og har von om å fullføre leveransen i løpet av 2011.</p>
9847
9848 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9849
9850 <p>Det er veldig mange.  Eg skal ta nokre få.</p>
9851
9852 <p>Den viktigaste fordelen er at det igrunn berre er ei maskin å passe
9853 på, og det er tenaren.  Med andre løysingar har ein gjerne programvare
9854 og anna som skal vedlikehaldast på kvar enkelt maskin.  Med Skulelinux
9855 kan alle feil rettast og alle program oppgraderast på alle maskiner
9856 samstundes ved å gjere endringa som må til på tenaren.  Eg kan sitje
9857 på kontoret og passe på alle tenarane i kommunen derifrå.</p>
9858
9859 <ul>
9860
9861 <li>Tynne klientar gjer det mogleg å bruke eldre utstyr lenge, so lenge
9862 tenaren er sterk nok.  Ein liten tenar med eit par halv-moderne CPUar
9863 og 2 GiB RAM held lenge for eit typisk klasserom med 30 tynnklientar,
9864 og det er lett å utvide med fleire.
9865
9866 <li>Halvtjukke klientar gjer det mogleg å utnytte kapasiteten i litt
9867 nyare maskiner betre, og avlaste tenaren.  Ingenting vert installert
9868 lokalt på desse heller, og harddisken kan gjerne koblast frå.  Gode
9869 halvtjukke klientar kan kjøpast brukt for under 1000-lappen, og det er
9870 heile kostnaden.  Ingen lisensar eller anna på toppen, og det er ikkje
9871 krav til kraftigare tenar heller.
9872
9873 <li>Det er Linux.  Vi har ikkje noko kluss med drivarar, dei berre er
9874 der.  Heller ikkje med virus, dei finst i realiteten ikkje.  Eller med
9875 elevar som klussar med installert programvare, for dei klarar ikkje å
9876 øydeleggje for nokon andre enn seg sjølve.
9877
9878 </ul>
9879
9880 <p>Skulelinux er lagt opp til å vere veldig lett å installere rett ut
9881 av boksen på ein heil skule av ein interessert lærar.  Det er ofte ei
9882 god løysing for skulen.  Å ha nokon til stades som kjenner systemet og
9883 kan forklare enkle ting eller løyse problem der og då, er uvurderleg
9884 viktig for ein stressa lærar fem minutt før det ringer inn.</p>
9885
9886 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9887
9888 <p>All den ferdige konfigurasjonen gjer det tungvint å tilpasse
9889 Skulelinux til eit system som skal fungere saman med mange andre
9890 installasjonar i eit felles datanett for skulane i ein kommune.  Det
9891 heile er prekonfigurert for ein skule, og utviding til mange skular
9892 med eigne tenarar er ikkje berre enkelt.</p>
9893
9894 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9895
9896 <p>Eg brukar mest alle små hjelpeprogram som føl med operativsystemet,
9897 samt scriptspråket perl.  Elles er Firefox/Iceweasel, Gnome-terminal
9898 og ssh i kontinuerleg bruk.  Av Linux-distribusjonar brukar eg både
9899 Debian, Ubuntu, SuSE og RedHat dagleg.  Eg prøvar å finne det verktyet
9900 som passar best til kvar del av jobben.</p>
9901
9902 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9903 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9904
9905 <p>Det er to målgrupper ein må sikte mot.  Det eine er alle skulane som
9906 manglar eller har eit lite tilfredsstillande opplegg i dag, og ikkje
9907 har råd til å kjøpe noko nytt og blankpussa opplegg.  Der er det om å
9908 gjere å gjere det enkelt for skulane å finne Skulelinux, og gjere det
9909 enkelt for dei å få hjelp til installasjon på skulen.  Gjerne med
9910 lokale kontaktpersonar.  Her er det dugnadsinnsats som må til, for
9911 desse skulane har ikkje råd til å betale for dette.</p>
9912
9913 <p>Den andre og kanskje viktigare målgruppa er dei meir eller mindre
9914 profesjonelle kundane.  Alle store offentlege innkjøp, inkludert
9915 innkjøp av nytt datasystem for skular, må ut på offentleg anbod.
9916 Offentlege anbod er mykje meir lukka enn dei gjev inntrykk av, og både
9917 regelboka og boka med triks for å sminke tilbodet er tjukk.  Det er
9918 vanskeleg å komme inn utan eit solid salsapparat i ryggen.  Kanskje
9919 Skulelinux skulle prøve aktivt å få seg eit partnarskap med eit av dei
9920 store som gjerne vil sterkare inn på den offentlege IT-marknaden?
9921 Nokon som kjenner triksa og har krefter til å ta opp kampen mot både
9922 dårlege anbod og Rudolf Blostrupmoen IT AS.  Leveranse til skulane i
9923 ein kommune er ein god måte å få ein fot inn døra som leverandør til
9924 ein lukrativ kommunemarknad som kjøper alle tenester.  Ta kontakt med
9925 nokon som er passeleg store og ikkje er Microsoft-partnar, og fortell:
9926 «Vi har eit ferdig produkt som du kan selje.  Nei vi skal ikkje ha for
9927 det.  Du kan gjerne gjere kva du vil med det, berre vi får lov til å
9928 hjelpe deg.  Målgruppa er alle kommunar, og det er noko dei vil ha.
9929 Det er eit godt produkt, brukt av mange og godt likt.»</p>
9930
9931       </div>
9932       <div class="tags">
9933
9934
9935         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9936
9937
9938       </div>
9939     </div>
9940     <div class="padding"></div>
9941
9942     <div class="entry">
9943       <div class="title">
9944         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Embrik_Kaslegard.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Embrik Kaslegard</a>
9945       </div>
9946       <div class="date">
9947         16th January 2011
9948       </div>
9949       <div class="body">
9950         <p>Neste ut i min intervjuserie med folk i
9951 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a> er
9952 lærer, mangeårig bidragsyter på epostlistene og tidligere
9953 Skolelinux-administrator på en skole i Hemsedal.</p>
9954
9955 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9956
9957 <p>Embrik Kaslegard, 1964-modell, fire barn (7-20 år). Begynte som
9958 lærer i 1989 - har hatt IKT-ansvar siden første året i jobb. Har
9959 jobbet som lærer/IKT-ansvarlig uavbrutt siden 1989. Jobbet med
9960 Skolelinux fra 2004 til 2010. Nå har jeg fått ny arbeidsplass og er
9961 40% lærer og 60% IKT med Windows XP, Win2003 server og et regionalt
9962 IKT-regime som legger premissene og begrensingene for hva vi kan gjøre
9963 på skolen.</p>
9964
9965 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9966
9967 <p>Jeg leste en artikkel om en dugnadsinstallasjon av Skolelinux på en
9968 skole på Jæren et sted. Tanken om dugnad og frihet appellerte til
9969 meg. Da vi skulle bygge ny skole var det en del vi måtte spare på,
9970 fordi vi beveget oss mot en kostnadssprekk. Kabling og investering i
9971 PC-er var en av tingene vi sparte på. Derfor kjøpe vi 72 pc-er for 390
9972 pr stk. En filtjener og en applikasjonsserver.</p>
9973
9974 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9975
9976 <p>Fordelen er at så mye er satt opp fra starten. I tillegg er det
9977 tydelig at pakka er laga for skoleverket. Brukerne har egne
9978 skrivebord, tilgang på mange gode verktøyprogrammer. Vi slipper å
9979 tenke på virus. Brukerne har ikke mulighet til å ødelegge
9980 klientoppsett, men har gode muligheter til å endre eget oppsett. Dette
9981 tror jeg er inspirerende og kjekt for mange brukere.  Mappestrukturen
9982 er ferdig og det er "enkelt" å designe lokale mappestrukturer via
9983 skeleton.  Noen av oss i skoleverket mener skolen skal være en
9984 "mot-kultur". Da er Skolelinux et av valgene man kan ta. Et annet er å
9985 spise på indisk restaurant i stedet for Mc Donald's når vi er på bytur
9986 osv.. Ordene deling, frihet, dugnad osv er positive ord i
9987 skoleverket. Det er viktig at elevene blir bevisst dette.</p>
9988
9989 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9990
9991 <p>Kompabiliteten er selvsagt et problem, selv om det er mindre nå enn
9992 før.  For IKT-personer på skolene som skal drifte dette er det
9993 problematisk med kommandoer i terminalen.  I tillegg er det alt for
9994 mange programmer i Skolelinux som ikke blir brukt.  Jeg tror
9995 Skolelinux er tjent med å tone ned begrepet pedagogisk programvare.
9996 Slik jeg ser det finnes ikke denne kategorien programmer lengre slik
9997 de gjorde før, som frittsående programmer som installeres på en
9998 datamaskin eller på serveren.  Det finnes en del spesialpedagogiske
9999 programmer, som Textpilot, LingDys, LingRight, AskiRaski, Ny i Norge
10000 osv.  Men dette er programmer for enkelt-elever eller små grupper av
10001 elever.  Det som bør være fokus er at alle undervisningsressurser som
10002 lages for nettet skal være nettleseruavhengig.</p>
10003
10004 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
10005
10006 <p>OpenOffice bruker jeg til vanlig kontorarbeide.  VLC bruker jeg som
10007 videoavspiller og av og til streaming av film.  Gimp bruker jeg i
10008 undervisningen til bildemanipulering. Firefox og Chrome er mine
10009 favoritt-nettlesere.  Firefox har lenge vært førstevalget mitt, nå
10010 bruker jeg mest Chrome.  Opplever den som raskere og smidigere enn
10011 Firefox.  Ubuntu bruker jeg som dualboot på jobb-maskinen min i
10012 tillegg til at alle PCer hjemme har en eller annen Ubuntu-distribusjon
10013 installert.  Jeg bruker Clonezilla på Ubuntu 10.04 til kloning av
10014 datamaskiner på jobb.  Det er selvsagt en haug andre frie programmer
10015 jeg bruker men jeg bruker dem ikke daglig.  Jeg kan ramse opp:
10016 recordmydesktop, cinelerra, acidrip, soundjuicer, audacity, NX
10017 (no-machine), Kino, Rythmbox...</p>
10018
10019 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
10020 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
10021
10022 <p>Jeg tror oppsøkende virksomhet er den rette strategien.
10023 Ressurspersoner gjør avtaler med rådmenn, skolesjefer, rektorer.  Det
10024 er slik konkurrentene gjør det.  Fokuset i slike samtaler bør være
10025 kost-nytte.  Dersom personer med økonomisk ansvar ser at de kan få
10026 like godt tilbud til mindre utgifter, tror jeg det er mulighet til å
10027 få innpass.  Dersom de også kan få konkrete tilbud på drift i slike
10028 samtaler, vil de kanskje bli litt mer interesserte i hvor mye penger
10029 som faktisk går til IKT i skolene.  Det er også viktig at vi ikke
10030 firer for mye på krav til datamaskiner.  Det er flott at Skolelinux
10031 går på "utrangert" utstyr, men dette bør bare presenteres som et
10032 alternativ.  Skolelinux-installasjoner med utrangert utstyr er ikke å
10033 foretrekke dersom man kan unngå det. Det skaper ikke entusiasme hos
10034 brukerne (elever og lærere) når de bruker gamle datamaskiner som går
10035 tregt.  Det er kjempefint med skoler som har kommet seg frem til
10036 Skolelinux og fri programvare av seg selv, men de lever på nåde.
10037 Slike valg må fundamenteres hos skoleeier.</p>
10038
10039 <p>Oppdatering 2011-01-16 22:40: Oppdatert svarene for de tre siste
10040 spørsmålene litt mer tekst fra Embrik.</p>
10041
10042       </div>
10043       <div class="tags">
10044
10045
10046         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
10047
10048
10049       </div>
10050     </div>
10051     <div class="padding"></div>
10052
10053     <div class="entry">
10054       <div class="title">
10055         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Viggo_Fedreheim.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Viggo Fedreheim</a>
10056       </div>
10057       <div class="date">
10058         12th January 2011
10059       </div>
10060       <div class="body">
10061         <p>Jeg fortsetter min intervjuserie med folk i
10062 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a>.  Denne
10063 gang er det en av folkene som har vært med lenge og som har tatt i
10064 bruk Skolelinux på alle skolene i Narvik kommune som skal i ilden.
10065 Han er styremedlem i
10066 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen
10067 FRISK</a>.</p>
10068
10069 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
10070
10071 <p>Mitt navn er Viggo Fedreheim, og jeg er pedagogisk og teknisk
10072 IKT-veileder for alle skoler i Narvik kommune.  Jeg drifter totalt 17
10073 servere basert på Skolelinux og Debian. Jeg holder i tillegg noen kurs
10074 mellom all driftingen. For tiden arbeider jeg med en sentral
10075 LDAP-tjener for alle skoleservere samt våre Moodle- og
10076 Joomla-installasjoner.</p>
10077
10078 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
10079
10080 <p>Gjennom en eller annen nettavis i 2001 der var det skrevet om
10081 Skolelinux.  Artikkelen ga meg lyst til å prøve ut systemet.</p>
10082
10083 <p>Det startet i 2002 ved at jeg installerte en av de første utgavene
10084 av Skolelinux på en standard pc på Solneset skole i Tromsø.  Denne var
10085 oppe fram til desember 2003 da jeg sluttet på den skolen og begynte i
10086 ny jobb i Narvik kommune.</p>
10087
10088 <p> I Narvik kommune var det i 2004 kun 2 servere på da totalt 15
10089 skoler. Disse var Windows NT baserte. På disse to skolene var det lite
10090 med maskiner.  Jobben med å få Narvik Kommune opp på akseptabelt nivå
10091 virket å være formidabel.  Men med hjelp av gode kollegaer og leder
10092 skrev jeg en IKT plan for Narvik kommune som ble vedtatt av politikere
10093 i august 2004. I denne planen ble det bestemt at Narvik kommune skulle
10094 bruke Skolelinux.  Her ble det også satt av midler til kabling av god
10095 infrastruktur på alle skoler samt innkjøp av nye datamaskiner.  Så i
10096 dag har vi 17 servere hvorav 13 er på Skolelinux, med ca 1500 klienter
10097 basert på tynne, "halvtykke" og et stort antall bærbare pcer basert på
10098 Kubuntu.</p>
10099
10100 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
10101
10102 <p>Lisenskostnader, driftkostnader og hardwarekrav som er mye lavere
10103 enn for andre systemer.</p>
10104
10105 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
10106
10107 <p>Pedagogiske programvare som ikke fungerer mot Linux. En Stoooor
10108 flaskehals og som gjør at Linux kanskje ikke blir valgt andre
10109 plasser.</p>
10110
10111 <p>Eksempler er Relemo, Lindys (lingit sine programmer), 5plus
10112 (matematikk).  Disse er programmer som ikke lar seg kjøre i Linux.</p>
10113
10114 <p> Men det ser ut for at mange leverandører går over til mer
10115 nettbaserte programmer istedet for å installere lokalt.  Dette med
10116 enkelte leverandører som ikke kan levere programmer til Linux er et
10117 lite problem og over tid tror jeg at denne barrieren er borte.</p>
10118
10119 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
10120
10121 <p>Kjører Kubuntu på laptoper, Debian squeeze på stasjonær
10122 kontorpc. Ut over dette arbeder jeg svært mye via konsoll mot andre
10123 servere.</p>
10124
10125       </div>
10126       <div class="tags">
10127
10128
10129         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
10130
10131
10132       </div>
10133     </div>
10134     <div class="padding"></div>
10135
10136     <div class="entry">
10137       <div class="title">
10138         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Arnt_Ove_Gregersen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Arnt Ove Gregersen</a>
10139       </div>
10140       <div class="date">
10141          9th January 2011
10142       </div>
10143       <div class="body">
10144         <p>Inspirert av
10145 <a href="http://raphaelhertzog.com/tag/interview/">intervjurunden</a>
10146 som Raphael Hertzog har startet med folk i Debianprosjektet, fikk jeg
10147 lyst til å gjøre det samme med folk i
10148 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a>.  Håpet
10149 er at de som til daglig bidrar til å fremme fri programvare i
10150 skoleverket og utvikler en linux-distribusjon spesiallaget for
10151 skolebruk kan bli bedre kjent og kanskje inspirere flere til å bidra
10152 til Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
10153
10154 <p>Først ut er nyvalgt leder i
10155 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen FRISK</a> som
10156 organiserer utviklingen av Skolelinux-distribusjonen.  FRISK trenger
10157 alltid flere medlemmer, så
10158 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/index.php?page=signup">meld
10159 deg gjerne inn</a> hvis du vil støtte oss.</p>
10160
10161 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
10162
10163 <p><!-- Mitt navn er Arnt Ove Gregersen, jeg er en småbarnfar på 32 år som
10164 for tiden bor Trondheim. -->
10165 Mitt navn er Arnt Ove Gregersen, jeg er 32 år og bor for tiden i Trondheim.
10166
10167 Her jobber jeg som systemutvikler i et firma
10168 som heter <a href="http://www.geomatikk-ikt.no/">Geomatikk IKT AS</a>,
10169 hvor jeg er på et Vegmeldings-prosjekt for Statens Vegvesen. På
10170 fritiden er jeg styreleder i FRISK (Fri programvare i skolen) og
10171 bidrar til bl.a. Skolelinux-prosjektet når jeg får tid til det. Det er
10172 primært hjemmesiden til Skolelinux-prosjektet og
10173 <a href="http://linuxveiviseren.no/">Linux-veiviseren</a> jeg har
10174 jobbet med her, men jeg har også gjort en del arbeid i forhold til
10175 FRISK sin hjemmeside.</p>
10176
10177 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
10178
10179 <p>Jeg var på en presentasjon av prosjektet i regi av Knut Yrvin på
10180 Gløshaugen i Trondheim, hvor jeg fattet stor interesse for prosjektet
10181 og ville hjelpe til så godt jeg kunne.  Dette var vel i 2002 eller
10182 2003.</p>
10183
10184 <p>Jeg hadde fra før hørt om prosjektet fra før og syntes tanken bak var
10185 ganske fin, men hadde ikke noen interesse av bruke min egen fritid på
10186 det selv.</p>
10187
10188 <p>I etterkant av presentasjonen startet jeg og noen andre fra
10189 Trondheim "Skolelinux-prosjektet i Sør-Trøndelag" . Hvor vi var med å
10190 bidra til at Trondheim kommune satte igang Selsbakk ungdomskole som et
10191 pilotprosjekt med Skolelinux, som egentlig var og er en stor suksess,
10192 men det virker ut som det ikke skjer noe mer på. I tillegg var vi med
10193 på dugnad på Brundalen videregående skole hvor vi installerte
10194 Skolelinux som såvidt jeg vet fortsatt kjører på Skolelinux.</p>
10195
10196 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
10197
10198 <p>Det bygger på fri programvare og har lav kostnad i forhold til
10199 nytteverdien. Dette fordi det har forholdsvis lav inngangsum og bruker
10200 en arkitektur med sentral-drift som gir mange driftfordeler.  I
10201 tillegg vil det kunne frigjøre kostnader for skolene slik at de kan
10202 bruke dem til å ansette f,eks flere lærere om det er ønskelig.</p>
10203
10204 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
10205
10206 <P>Ikke all pedagogisk programvare er tilgjengelig der, som f.eks
10207 Drillpro om jeg ikke husker feil.</p>
10208
10209 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
10210
10211 <p>Til utvikling av Java-applikasjoner og Android bruker jeg Eclipse og
10212 Quanta til web-utvikling via php. For all bildebehandling bruker jeg
10213 GIMP og Blender til 3d-modellering . Dessverre har Blender en bratt
10214 læringskurve i starten, men det er absolutt verdt det.
10215
10216 <p>Til musikk bruker jeg stort Rhytmbox. Firefox til surfing på nettet og
10217 Thunderbird og Evolution til e-post,
10218
10219 <p>På database-siden bruker jeg PostgreSQL, Postgis og av og til Mysql.
10220
10221 <p>Når jeg får tid til å spille bruker jeg som regel et strategi-spill
10222 som er basert på TA Spring-motoren (springrts.com), her er det et
10223 veldig bra utvalg av gratis spill som er av høy kvalitet. Veldig lett
10224 å bli hektet :)</p>
10225
10226       </div>
10227       <div class="tags">
10228
10229
10230         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
10231
10232
10233       </div>
10234     </div>
10235     <div class="padding"></div>
10236
10237     <div class="entry">
10238       <div class="title">
10239         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Inspirerende_fra_en_ukjent_Skolelinux_skole.html">Inspirerende fra en ukjent Skolelinux-skole</a>
10240       </div>
10241       <div class="date">
10242          4th January 2011
10243       </div>
10244       <div class="body">
10245         <p>Følgende inspirerende historie fant jeg i
10246 <a href="http://www.digi.no/php/ny_debatt.php?id=858869#innlegg_770926">kommentarfeltet
10247 hos digi.no</a> i forbindelse med en trist sak om hvordan
10248 <a href="http://www.digi.no/858869/datakaos-etter-linux-satsing">skolen
10249 i Hemsedal har fått ødelagt</a> sin Skolelinux-installasjon.  Jeg har
10250 fikset endel åpenbare skrivefeil for lesbarhetens skyld.</p>
10251
10252 <blockquote>
10253 <p><strong>Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
10254 <br>av Inspektør Siri (gjest)
10255
10256 <p>Kommunen min har to omtrent jevnstore tettsteder, og en
10257 ungdomsskole i hvert av tettstedene. Den minste av disse har ca 300
10258 elever og til denne sogner det 3 barneskoler. Den største har ca 350
10259 elever og til denne sogner det 4 barneskoler.</p>
10260
10261 <ul>
10262
10263 <li>Kommunen har i veldig lang tid forsømt IKT i skolen, og det har
10264 bare blitt gitt smuler i ny og ne. Det er kun den største av
10265 ungdomsskolene som har hatt en skikkelig datapark, og dette takket
10266 være en naturfaglærer som ble lei av å vente på kommunen. Det gjorde
10267 at vi bestemte oss for å ta ting i egne hender, og da vha
10268 skolelinux. En testinstallasjon med 10 gamle PCer ble gjort, og vi så
10269 raskt at dette var veldig lovende. Neste etappe var å gi alle lærere
10270 egen PC på arbeidsplassene sine (2004), og så sette opp 16 PCer på to
10271 datarom. Vi har kun basert oss på å kjøpe inn brukte maskiner, og
10272 aldri dyrere enn 1000 kr pr klient. For to år siden så hadde vi
10273 klienter i alle klasserom, og totalt hadde vi da rundt 250 stk. Rundt
10274 40 klienter brukes av lærerne og kjører på en egen server. Elvene har
10275 resten, og kjører også en egen server. Servere har vi også kjøpt
10276 brukt, 2 år gamle servere koster 6-7000 kroner.</li>
10277
10278 <li>Skolen vår er et relativt gammelt bygg, men en meget dyktig
10279 vaktmester har sammen med IKT-ansvarlig/Naturfaglærer lagt kabler til alle
10280 rom. Gradvis har vi byttet ut billige svitsjer med mer solide saker
10281 som er mulig å fjernstyre.</li>
10282
10283 <li>Vi har i all hovedsak greid å få dette til over eget budsjett, men
10284 vi har også passet på å få penger når de andre skolene har fått
10285 bærbare PCer til lærere osv.</li>
10286
10287 <li>Vår IKT-ansvarlig har gjort (og gjør) en fenomenal jobb, og vi har
10288 en maskinpark som de andre av kommunens skoler bare kan drømme
10289 om.</li>
10290
10291 </ul>
10292
10293 <p>Så skjer det som ofte skjer. Det kommer en eller annen
10294 selger/blåruss og skal fikse ALT. I vårt tilfelle betyr dette også
10295 sentralisering av drift. Den ny-ansatte på kommunens IT-avdelingen
10296 skal også ha jobb, og ser for seg å ta over skoledriften. Kommunen
10297 kjøper inn eksterne driftstjenester, og nekter i samme slengen å ta
10298 hensyn til skolen vår. Dette til tross for at vi alene har like mange
10299 datamaskiner som de andre til sammen. </p>
10300
10301 <ul>
10302
10303 <li>Det blir krevd at vi skal innlemmes i de kommunale systemet, og
10304 det er VI som får ansvar for at dette kommer på plass. Og det er her
10305 de horrible tingene begynner å skje. </li>
10306
10307 <li>Det settes opp en lukket Exchange server som gjør av vi ikke kan
10308 hente epost for våre ansatte. Og det kreves at vi finner løsning på
10309 dette.</li>
10310
10311 <li>Det velges sak arkivsystem som vi pålegges å bruke, noe som gjør
10312 at vi må bruke en terminalløsning mot kommunal server. Ikke i seg selv
10313 et problem i følge IKT-ansvarlig hos oss. Men kommunens IT-avd nektet
10314 faktisk å åpne de porter OSV som vi måtte bruke.</li>
10315
10316 <li>Vi blir pålagt å flytte på innsiden av det kommunale
10317 nettverket. Dette gjorde at vi mistet hjemmekontor for lærere og
10318 elever. Å få åpnet porter i kommunal brannmur var ikke
10319 aktuelt. Mulighet for fjerndrift ble også vekk i samme slengen. </li>
10320
10321 <li>Vår LMS Moodle er ikke mulig å nå for elevene og lærerne.
10322
10323 </ul>
10324
10325 <p>Den andre ungdomsskolen i kommunen begynner så å kreve at de skal
10326 få bedre datatetthet, og komme opp på et nivå som ligner det vi
10327 har. De ser at vi kan avholde eksamen hvor alle 10. klassingene får
10328 sitte ved hver sin PC. Og de har fått tilbakemelding (klager) fra VGS
10329 om manglende datakompetanse på elevene som kommer fra dem. Dette fører
10330 videre til at kommunen endelig innser at de må ta grep. </p>
10331
10332 <p>Grepet betyr sentralisering, og farvel til vår plattform får vi
10333 høre. Det blir gjort en rekke bestemmelser og vedtak som vi ikke får
10334 være en del av. Det blir helt klart at vi må redusere antall maskiner,
10335 og det skal satses på bærbare maskiner. Siden vi ikke har fått tatt
10336 del i prosessene som angår oss, så bruker vi fagforening. Vi har ikke
10337 blitt hørt i forbindelse med endringer som er betydelig for vår
10338 hverdag, og greier å stoppe omlegging. I tillegg så har vi et politisk
10339 vedtak i kommunen på at vi skal kjøre Linux på elevnett, og dette
10340 vedtaket kan ikke administrasjonen i kommunene helt uten videre
10341 tilsidesette. </p>
10342
10343 <p>I sum har dette gjort at vi har fått jobbe videre i fred. Og en del
10344 runder i kommunens kontrollutvalg har gjort det tydelig at vi har blitt
10345 systematisk motarbeidet. </p>
10346
10347 <p>I dag har de andre skolene fått sine bærbare maskiner til elever og
10348 lærere, men etter 2 år med innkjøring er det fremdeles problemer
10349 her. </p>
10350
10351 <ul>
10352
10353 <li>Ungdomsskolen med windows kan ikke kjøre eksamen med sine bærbare,
10354 det er for mye arbeid å renske disse for innhold slik at juks ikke er
10355 mulig.</li>
10356
10357 <li>Utskrift er et mareritt, etter sigende pga at utskrift først
10358 sendes til sentral server, og så sendes ut til rett skriver. I snitt
10359 så tar det 7-8 minutter før utskrift starter på enkelte av
10360 skolene.</li>
10361
10362 <li>Trådløst skaper store problemer, og det er i perioder helt umulig
10363 å komme seg på nett. Og lagring på felles server er bare å glemme i
10364 perioder.</li>
10365
10366 </ul>
10367
10368 <p>Vi har slitt mye, kranglet og sloss. Ikke med tekniske problemer,
10369 men med omgivelsene rundt som vil oss til livs. Men det har vært verdt
10370 hver dråpe med svette, og timer med irritasjon. Men vi har begynt å få
10371 rutine her nå. </p>
10372
10373 <ul>
10374
10375 <li>Vi har fremdeles et system som vi styrer helt selv. </li>
10376 <li>Vi har vist at argumentet med at vår IKT-ansvarlig kan finne seg annen jobb ikke holder mål. Vi har kjøpt driftskonto hos et firma i tilfelle krise, og vi har kjørt opplæring på flere av de yngre lærerne. </li>
10377 <li>Vi har til enhver tid en lærling IKT driftsfag, og velger selvsagt ut dem som satser på Linux. Vi har nå begynt å få tilbake av våre tidligere elever som vil til oss nettopp fordi vi har Linux.</li>
10378 <li>Vi har vist at vi greier å opprettholde en dobbelt så stor datapark som naboskolen, og det til en billigere penge. </li>
10379 <li>Vi har datastøtte og support på huset, ALLTID tilgjengelig. De andre skolene må vente flere dager hvis det ikke er noe kritisk. </li>
10380 <li>Vår IKT-ansvarlig har 50% stilling som lærer og 50% som IKT-ansvarlig. </li>
10381 <li>Vi har en lærer på hvert trinn som har 3 timer i uka til å drive support/støtte til de andre lærerne. </li>
10382 <li>Vi opplever at de yngste lærerne ved den andre ungdomsskolen ønsker seg over til oss. </li>
10383
10384 </ul>
10385
10386 <p>Vi skal i løpet av året starte prosess med å planlegge ny skole, og vi har fått gjennomslag for at jeg (inspektør) og IKT-ansvarlig skal ha det fulle og hele ansvar for IKT/Infrastruktur. Begrunnelsen vår som ble avgjørende her, var at IT-avd i kommunen ikke kan noe om data i skolen. </p>
10387
10388 <p>Beklager hvis dette ble litt usammenhengende, men det ble tastet i
10389 fei, og jeg har ikke lest gjennom</p>
10390 </blockquote>
10391
10392 <p>Det kom raskt et lite svar:</p>
10393
10394 <blockquote>
10395 <p><strong>SV: Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
10396 <br>av captain_obvious</p>
10397
10398 <p>Inspirerende å lese. Har dere gjort noe for å fortelle denne
10399 historien videre?</p>
10400
10401 <p>Hadde vært svært interessant om dere tok kontakt med dokument 2 eller
10402 lignende for å fortelle hvordan det egentlig står til med
10403 IT-satsningen i kommune-Norge. Om ikke annet kan du begynner med å
10404 raffinere innlegget ditt og få en gjesteartikkel på digi.no</p>
10405 </blockquote>
10406
10407 <p>Og deretter en lengre oppfølging.</p>
10408
10409 <blockquote>
10410 <p><strong>SV: Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
10411 <br>av Inspektør Siri (gjest)
10412
10413 <p>Joda, vi har lekt med tanken, og vi har t.o.m skrevet flere lengre
10414 leserinnlegg myntet på aviser. Disse er ikke sendt til aviser, men
10415 brukt internt i forbindelse med møter med kommune. Vår IKT-ansvarlig
10416 har også truet med å si opp jobben sin hvis det ikke ble tatt hensyn i
10417 større grad enn hva som har vært tilfelle. VI kan også dokumentere
10418 flere brudd på anbudsregler, og vi kjenner til at relativt store
10419 IT-leverandører som ikke har fått tatt del i disse anbudene, rett og
10420 slett ikke tør melde fra av redsel for å få et dårlig rykte. </p>
10421
10422 <p>Alt ser ut til å roe seg ned, og vi har fått opp øynene på
10423 politikerne. I sum gjør dette at vi ikke ønsker for mye publisitet nå,
10424 det vil bare rote til igjen. </p>
10425
10426 <p>Jeg glemte å nevne at vi nå nesten ikke bruker tid på å drifte
10427 systemet vårt, noe som gjør at det aller meste av tid blir brukt til å
10428 støtte lærerne og elevene. F.eks så bruker vår IKT-ansvarlig den
10429 første timen på jobb, 0730-0830 kun til å gå ute på arbeidsplassene
10430 til læreren. Dette for å kunne svare på små og store problem, gi tips
10431 og råd, eller bare for å plukke opp hva som er behovet ute i
10432 undervisningsarealene. Det er dessverre ikke slik at alle lærerne har
10433 nok digital kompetanse til å kunne formulere alle spørsmålene de har,
10434 men ved å kunne få vise eller lufte tanker med IKT-ansvarlig så er det
10435 utrolig hva som kommer fram. </p>
10436
10437 <ul>
10438
10439 <li>Jeg ser at mange bruker økonomi som argument i forhold til å bruke
10440 SkoleLinux, og jeg skal ikke legge skjul på at det var dette som i
10441 utgangspunktet var årsaken til vårt valg. Men diskusjonene og kampen
10442 med kommunens IT-avdeling har gjort at vi har fått et noe annet
10443 fokus. Fordelene med drift og stabilitet, gjør at vi ville ha valgt
10444 samme løsning selv om den var dyrere. At vi slipper langt billigere
10445 unna, som følge av 0,- lisenskostnader og lave maskinvarekostnader, er
10446 bare en bonus. </li>
10447
10448 <li>Etter å ha kranglet oss til å få skikkelig oversikt over hva de
10449 andre skolene i kommunen bruker på IT, så har vi fått gehør for å få
10450 samme midler til innkjøp. Dette har gjort at vi nå kan kjøpe inn
10451 utstyr som de andre skolene bare kan se langt etter. Vi har nettopp
10452 kjøpt inn 3 videokamera i semiproff-klassen for å kunne lage film,
10453 samt sende live fra skoleteater/konserter. Vi har kjøpt inn digitale
10454 kompaktkamera til alle klassene. Vi har et team av lærere som skal i
10455 gang med å teste ut tablets på svake elever. Håpet et at teknologien
10456 kan være med på å gi noen av elevene litt mer motivasjon. Vi har kjøpt
10457 inn et halvt klassesett med pulsklokker, noe som har vist seg å være
10458 overraskende inspirerende for en del av elevene. Vi har også oss på
10459 fag på en høyskole litt lengre sør for oss, slik at 3 av oss nå skal
10460 ta faget "Linux tjenestedrift". Som inspektør og en del av skolens
10461 administrasjon er det veldig praktisk å kunne trå til hvis det
10462 kniper. Men IKT-ansvarlig har vært UTROLIG flink til å lage rene
10463 smørbrødlister for hvordan de mest vanlige driftsproblem løses, så det
10464 er lett for flere av oss å ta del i den daglige driften. Vi har svært
10465 stor nytte av lærling (som også hjelper to av naboskolene), men det er
10466 nesten blitt slik at det er om å gjøre å komme til først for å få løse
10467 problem. Det å få fingrene på problem og utfordringer er den aller
10468 beste læremester. </li>
10469
10470 </ul>
10471
10472 <p>Når vi nå tar til med planlegging av ny skole, så vil det være med
10473 tanke på at det skal være mulig med datautstyr på alle plasser. Vi
10474 kommer i all hovedsak til å legge kabel til alle tenkelige og
10475 utenkelige plasser. WiFi koster tilnærmet NULL å sette opp i
10476 ettertid.</p>
10477
10478 <p>Vi har ikke vært noe flink til å bidra til SkoleLinux-prosjektet,
10479 vi har rett og slett vært for opptatt med vår egen kamp. Vi har hentet
10480 mye inspirasjon fra diskusjoner som har gått i det miljøet, og vi
10481 håper at vi nå framover kan få tid til å bidra. Vi er i ferd med å
10482 bytte ut en av serverne våre, og da vil denne trolig bli satt opp som
10483 testserver for neste versjon av Skolelinux. På den måten vil vi i alle
10484 fall kunne gi tilbakemeldinger og rapportere feil. I tillegg så vil
10485 det kanskje gi oss noen nye utfordringer, for som lærlingen vår sier:
10486 "Skolelinux er noe herk, det skjer jo ikke noe galt og hvordan skal
10487 jeg da lære?"</p>
10488
10489 </blockquote>
10490
10491 <p>Det er veldig hyggelig å høre at
10492 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> fungerer så bra i
10493 skoleverdagen etter å ha jobbet med det i 10 år.</p>
10494
10495       </div>
10496       <div class="tags">
10497
10498
10499         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
10500
10501
10502       </div>
10503     </div>
10504     <div class="padding"></div>
10505
10506     <div class="entry">
10507       <div class="title">
10508         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_test_if_a_laptop_is_working_with_Linux.html">How to test if a laptop is working with Linux</a>
10509       </div>
10510       <div class="date">
10511         22nd December 2010
10512       </div>
10513       <div class="body">
10514         <p>The last few days I have spent at work here at the <a
10515 href="http://www.uio.no/">University of Oslo</a> testing if the new
10516 batch of computers will work with Linux.  Every year for the last few
10517 years the university have organised shared bid of a few thousand
10518 computers, and this year HP won the bid.  Two different desktops and
10519 five different laptops are on the list this year.  We in the UNIX
10520 group want to know which one of these computers work well with RHEL
10521 and Ubuntu, the two Linux distributions we currently handle at the
10522 university.</p>
10523
10524 <p>My test method is simple, and I share it here to get feedback and
10525 perhaps inspire others to test hardware as well.  To test, I PXE
10526 install the OS version of choice, and log in as my normal user and run
10527 a few applications and plug in selected pieces of hardware.  When
10528 something fail, I make a note about this in the test matrix and move
10529 on.  If I have some spare time I try to report the bug to the OS
10530 vendor, but as I only have the machines for a short time, I rarely
10531 have the time to do this for all the problems I find.</p>
10532
10533 <p>Anyway, to get to the point of this post.  Here is the simple tests
10534 I perform on a new model.</p>
10535
10536 <ul>
10537
10538 <li>Is PXE installation working?  I'm testing with RHEL6, Ubuntu Lucid
10539 and Ubuntu Maverik at the moment.  If I feel like it, I also test with
10540 RHEL5 and Debian Edu/Squeeze.</li>
10541
10542 <li>Is X.org working?  If the graphical login screen show up after
10543 installation, X.org is working.</li>
10544
10545 <li>Is hardware accelerated OpenGL working?  Running glxgears (in
10546 package mesa-utils on Ubuntu) and writing down the frames per second
10547 reported by the program.</li>
10548
10549 <li>Is sound working?  With Gnome and KDE, a sound is played when
10550 logging in, and if I can hear this the test is successful.  If there
10551 are several audio exits on the machine, I try them all and check if
10552 the Gnome/KDE audio mixer can control where to send the sound.  I
10553 normally test this by playing
10554 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20101012-chef/ ">a HTML5
10555 video</a> in Firefox/Iceweasel.</li>
10556
10557 <li>Is the USB subsystem working?  I test this by plugging in a USB
10558 memory stick and see if Gnome/KDE notices this.</li>
10559
10560 <li>Is the CD/DVD player working?  I test this by inserting any CD/DVD
10561 I have lying around, and see if Gnome/KDE notices this.</li>
10562
10563 <li>Is any built in camera working?  Test using cheese, and see if a
10564 picture from the v4l device show up.</li>
10565
10566 <li>Is bluetooth working?  Use the Gnome/KDE browsing tool to see if
10567 any bluetooth devices are discovered.  In my office, I normally see a
10568 few.</li>
10569
10570 <li>For laptops, is the SD or Compaq Flash reader working.  I have
10571 memory modules lying around, and stick them in and see if Gnome/KDE
10572 notice this.</li>
10573
10574 <li>For laptops, is suspend/hibernate working?  I'm testing if the
10575 special button work, and if the laptop continue to work after
10576 resume.</li>
10577
10578 <li>For laptops, is the extra buttons working, like audio level,
10579 adjusting background light, switching on/off external video output,
10580 switching on/off wifi, bluetooth, etc?  The set of buttons differ from
10581 laptop to laptop, so I just write down which are working and which are
10582 not.</li>
10583
10584 <li>Some laptops have smart card readers, finger print readers,
10585 acceleration sensors etc.  I rarely test these, as I do not know how
10586 to quickly test if they are working or not, so I only document their
10587 existence.</li>
10588
10589 </ul>
10590
10591 <p>By now I suspect you are really curious what the test results are
10592 for the HP machines I am testing.  I'm not done yet, so I will report
10593 the test results later.  For now I can report that HP 8100 Elite work
10594 fine, and hibernation fail with HP EliteBook 8440p on Ubuntu Lucid,
10595 and audio fail on RHEL6.  Ubuntu Maverik worked with 8440p.  As you
10596 can see, I have most machines left to test.  One interesting
10597 observation is that Ubuntu Lucid has almost twice the frame rate than
10598 RHEL6 with glxgears.  No idea why.</p>
10599
10600       </div>
10601       <div class="tags">
10602
10603
10604         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
10605
10606
10607       </div>
10608     </div>
10609     <div class="padding"></div>
10610
10611     <div class="entry">
10612       <div class="title">
10613         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_development_gathering_and_General_Assembly_for_FRiSK.html">Debian Edu development gathering and General Assembly for FRiSK</a>
10614       </div>
10615       <div class="date">
10616         29th November 2010
10617       </div>
10618       <div class="body">
10619         <p>On friday, the first Debian Edu / Skolelinux
10620 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering/2010-12-03-05-Oslo">development
10621 gathering</a> in a long time take place here in Oslo, Norway.  I
10622 really look forward to seeing all the good people working on the
10623 Squeeze release.  The gathering is open for everyone interested in
10624 learning more about Debian Edu / Skolelinux.</p>
10625
10626 <p>On Saturday, the Norwegian member organization taking care of
10627 organizing these development gatherings, Fri Programvare i Skolen,
10628 will hold its
10629 <a href="http://friprogramvareiskolen.no/Genfors/2010">General Assembly
10630 for 2010</a>.  Membership is open for all, and currently there are 388
10631 people registered as members.  Last year 32 members cast their vote in
10632 the memberdb based election system.  I hope more people find time to
10633 vote this year.</p>
10634
10635       </div>
10636       <div class="tags">
10637
10638
10639         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10640
10641
10642       </div>
10643     </div>
10644     <div class="padding"></div>
10645
10646     <div class="entry">
10647       <div class="title">
10648         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_isn_t_Debian_Edu_using_VLC_.html">Why isn't Debian Edu using VLC?</a>
10649       </div>
10650       <div class="date">
10651         27th November 2010
10652       </div>
10653       <div class="body">
10654         <p>In the latest issue of Linux Journal, the readers choices were
10655 presented, and the winner among the multimedia player were VLC.
10656 Personally, I like VLC, and it is my player of choice when I first try
10657 to play a video file or stream.  Only if VLC fail will I drag out
10658 gmplayer to see if it can do better.  The reason is mostly the failure
10659 model and trust.  When VLC fail, it normally pop up a error message
10660 reporting the problem.  When mplayer fail, it normally segfault or
10661 just hangs.  The latter failure mode drain my trust in the program.<p>
10662
10663 <p>But even if VLC is my player of choice, we have choosen to use
10664 mplayer in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian
10665 Edu/Skolelinux</a>.  The reason is simple.  We need a good browser
10666 plugin to play web videos seamlessly, and the VLC browser plugin is
10667 not very good.  For example, it lack in-line control buttons, so there
10668 is no way for the user to pause the video.  Also, when I
10669 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/BrowserMultimedia">last
10670 tested the browser plugins</a> available in Debian, the VLC plugin
10671 failed on several video pages where mplayer based plugins worked.  If
10672 the browser plugin for VLC was as good as the gecko-mediaplayer
10673 package (which uses mplayer), we would switch.</P>
10674
10675 <p>While VLC is a good player, its user interface is slightly
10676 annoying.  The most annoying feature is its inconsistent use of
10677 keyboard shortcuts.  When the player is in full screen mode, its
10678 shortcuts are different from when it is playing the video in a window.
10679 For example, space only work as pause when in full screen mode.  I
10680 wish it had consisten shortcuts and that space also would work when in
10681 window mode.  Another nice shortcut in gmplayer is [enter] to restart
10682 the current video.  It is very nice when playing short videos from the
10683 web and want to restart it when new people arrive to have a look at
10684 what is going on.</p>
10685
10686       </div>
10687       <div class="tags">
10688
10689
10690         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
10691
10692
10693       </div>
10694     </div>
10695     <div class="padding"></div>
10696
10697     <div class="entry">
10698       <div class="title">
10699         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades_of_the_Gnome_and_KDE_desktop__now_with_apt_get_autoremove.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades of the Gnome and KDE desktop, now with apt-get autoremove</a>
10700       </div>
10701       <div class="date">
10702         22nd November 2010
10703       </div>
10704       <div class="body">
10705         <p>Michael Biebl suggested to me on IRC, that I changed my automated
10706 upgrade testing of the
10707 <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">Lenny
10708 Gnome and KDE Desktop</a> to do <tt>apt-get autoremove</tt> when using apt-get.
10709 This seem like a very good idea, so I adjusted by test scripts and
10710 can now present the updated result from today:</p>
10711
10712 <p>This is for Gnome:</p>
10713
10714 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
10715
10716 <blockquote><p>
10717   apache2.2-bin
10718   aptdaemon
10719   baobab
10720   binfmt-support
10721   browser-plugin-gnash
10722   cheese-common
10723   cli-common
10724   cups-pk-helper
10725   dmz-cursor-theme
10726   empathy
10727   empathy-common
10728   freedesktop-sound-theme
10729   freeglut3
10730   gconf-defaults-service
10731   gdm-themes
10732   gedit-plugins
10733   geoclue
10734   geoclue-hostip
10735   geoclue-localnet
10736   geoclue-manual
10737   geoclue-yahoo
10738   gnash
10739   gnash-common
10740   gnome
10741   gnome-backgrounds
10742   gnome-cards-data
10743   gnome-codec-install
10744   gnome-core
10745   gnome-desktop-environment
10746   gnome-disk-utility
10747   gnome-screenshot
10748   gnome-search-tool
10749   gnome-session-canberra
10750   gnome-system-log
10751   gnome-themes-extras
10752   gnome-themes-more
10753   gnome-user-share
10754   gstreamer0.10-fluendo-mp3
10755   gstreamer0.10-tools
10756   gtk2-engines
10757   gtk2-engines-pixbuf
10758   gtk2-engines-smooth
10759   hamster-applet
10760   libapache2-mod-dnssd
10761   libapr1
10762   libaprutil1
10763   libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3
10764   libaprutil1-ldap
10765   libart2.0-cil
10766   libboost-date-time1.42.0
10767   libboost-python1.42.0
10768   libboost-thread1.42.0
10769   libchamplain-0.4-0
10770   libchamplain-gtk-0.4-0
10771   libcheese-gtk18
10772   libclutter-gtk-0.10-0
10773   libcryptui0
10774   libdiscid0
10775   libelf1
10776   libepc-1.0-2
10777   libepc-common
10778   libepc-ui-1.0-2
10779   libfreerdp-plugins-standard
10780   libfreerdp0
10781   libgconf2.0-cil
10782   libgdata-common
10783   libgdata7
10784   libgdu-gtk0
10785   libgee2
10786   libgeoclue0
10787   libgexiv2-0
10788   libgif4
10789   libglade2.0-cil
10790   libglib2.0-cil
10791   libgmime2.4-cil
10792   libgnome-vfs2.0-cil
10793   libgnome2.24-cil
10794   libgnomepanel2.24-cil
10795   libgpod-common
10796   libgpod4
10797   libgtk2.0-cil
10798   libgtkglext1
10799   libgtksourceview2.0-common
10800   libmono-addins-gui0.2-cil
10801   libmono-addins0.2-cil
10802   libmono-cairo2.0-cil
10803   libmono-corlib2.0-cil
10804   libmono-i18n-west2.0-cil
10805   libmono-posix2.0-cil
10806   libmono-security2.0-cil
10807   libmono-sharpzip2.84-cil
10808   libmono-system2.0-cil
10809   libmtp8
10810   libmusicbrainz3-6
10811   libndesk-dbus-glib1.0-cil
10812   libndesk-dbus1.0-cil
10813   libopal3.6.8
10814   libpolkit-gtk-1-0
10815   libpt2.6.7
10816   libpython2.6
10817   librpm1
10818   librpmio1
10819   libsdl1.2debian
10820   libsrtp0
10821   libssh-4
10822   libtelepathy-farsight0
10823   libtelepathy-glib0
10824   libtidy-0.99-0
10825   media-player-info
10826   mesa-utils
10827   mono-2.0-gac
10828   mono-gac
10829   mono-runtime
10830   nautilus-sendto
10831   nautilus-sendto-empathy
10832   p7zip-full
10833   pkg-config
10834   python-aptdaemon
10835   python-aptdaemon-gtk
10836   python-axiom
10837   python-beautifulsoup
10838   python-bugbuddy
10839   python-clientform
10840   python-coherence
10841   python-configobj
10842   python-crypto
10843   python-cupshelpers
10844   python-elementtree
10845   python-epsilon
10846   python-evolution
10847   python-feedparser
10848   python-gdata
10849   python-gdbm
10850   python-gst0.10
10851   python-gtkglext1
10852   python-gtksourceview2
10853   python-httplib2
10854   python-louie
10855   python-mako
10856   python-markupsafe
10857   python-mechanize
10858   python-nevow
10859   python-notify
10860   python-opengl
10861   python-openssl
10862   python-pam
10863   python-pkg-resources
10864   python-pyasn1
10865   python-pysqlite2
10866   python-rdflib
10867   python-serial
10868   python-tagpy
10869   python-twisted-bin
10870   python-twisted-conch
10871   python-twisted-core
10872   python-twisted-web
10873   python-utidylib
10874   python-webkit
10875   python-xdg
10876   python-zope.interface
10877   remmina
10878   remmina-plugin-data
10879   remmina-plugin-rdp
10880   remmina-plugin-vnc
10881   rhythmbox-plugin-cdrecorder
10882   rhythmbox-plugins
10883   rpm-common
10884   rpm2cpio
10885   seahorse-plugins
10886   shotwell
10887   software-center
10888   system-config-printer-udev
10889   telepathy-gabble
10890   telepathy-mission-control-5
10891   telepathy-salut
10892   tomboy
10893   totem
10894   totem-coherence
10895   totem-mozilla
10896   totem-plugins
10897   transmission-common
10898   xdg-user-dirs
10899   xdg-user-dirs-gtk
10900   xserver-xephyr
10901 </p></blockquote>
10902
10903 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
10904
10905 <blockquote><p>
10906   cheese
10907   ekiga
10908   eog
10909   epiphany-extensions
10910   evolution-exchange
10911   fast-user-switch-applet
10912   file-roller
10913   gcalctool
10914   gconf-editor
10915   gdm
10916   gedit
10917   gedit-common
10918   gnome-games
10919   gnome-games-data
10920   gnome-nettool
10921   gnome-system-tools
10922   gnome-themes
10923   gnuchess
10924   gucharmap
10925   guile-1.8-libs
10926   libavahi-ui0
10927   libdmx1
10928   libgalago3
10929   libgtk-vnc-1.0-0
10930   libgtksourceview2.0-0
10931   liblircclient0
10932   libsdl1.2debian-alsa
10933   libspeexdsp1
10934   libsvga1
10935   rhythmbox
10936   seahorse
10937   sound-juicer
10938   system-config-printer
10939   totem-common
10940   transmission-gtk
10941   vinagre
10942   vino
10943 </p></blockquote>
10944
10945 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
10946
10947 <blockquote><p>
10948   gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
10949 </p></blockquote>
10950
10951 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
10952
10953 <blockquote><p>
10954 [nothing]
10955 </p></blockquote>
10956
10957 <p>This is for KDE:</p>
10958
10959 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
10960
10961 <blockquote><p>
10962   ksmserver
10963 </p></blockquote>
10964
10965 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
10966
10967 <blockquote><p>
10968   kwin
10969   network-manager-kde
10970 </p></blockquote>
10971
10972 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
10973
10974 <blockquote><p>
10975   arts
10976   dolphin
10977   freespacenotifier
10978   google-gadgets-gst
10979   google-gadgets-xul
10980   kappfinder
10981   kcalc
10982   kcharselect
10983   kde-core
10984   kde-plasma-desktop
10985   kde-standard
10986   kde-window-manager
10987   kdeartwork
10988   kdeartwork-emoticons
10989   kdeartwork-style
10990   kdeartwork-theme-icon
10991   kdebase
10992   kdebase-apps
10993   kdebase-workspace
10994   kdebase-workspace-bin
10995   kdebase-workspace-data
10996   kdeeject
10997   kdelibs
10998   kdeplasma-addons
10999   kdeutils
11000   kdewallpapers
11001   kdf
11002   kfloppy
11003   kgpg
11004   khelpcenter4
11005   kinfocenter
11006   konq-plugins-l10n
11007   konqueror-nsplugins
11008   kscreensaver
11009   kscreensaver-xsavers
11010   ktimer
11011   kwrite
11012   libgle3
11013   libkde4-ruby1.8
11014   libkonq5
11015   libkonq5-templates
11016   libnetpbm10
11017   libplasma-ruby
11018   libplasma-ruby1.8
11019   libqt4-ruby1.8
11020   marble-data
11021   marble-plugins
11022   netpbm
11023   nuvola-icon-theme
11024   plasma-dataengines-workspace
11025   plasma-desktop
11026   plasma-desktopthemes-artwork
11027   plasma-runners-addons
11028   plasma-scriptengine-googlegadgets
11029   plasma-scriptengine-python
11030   plasma-scriptengine-qedje
11031   plasma-scriptengine-ruby
11032   plasma-scriptengine-webkit
11033   plasma-scriptengines
11034   plasma-wallpapers-addons
11035   plasma-widget-folderview
11036   plasma-widget-networkmanagement
11037   ruby
11038   sweeper
11039   update-notifier-kde
11040   xscreensaver-data-extra
11041   xscreensaver-gl
11042   xscreensaver-gl-extra
11043   xscreensaver-screensaver-bsod
11044 </p></blockquote>
11045
11046 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
11047
11048 <blockquote><p>
11049   ark
11050   google-gadgets-common
11051   google-gadgets-qt
11052   htdig
11053   kate
11054   kdebase-bin
11055   kdebase-data
11056   kdepasswd
11057   kfind
11058   klipper
11059   konq-plugins
11060   konqueror
11061   ksysguard
11062   ksysguardd
11063   libarchive1
11064   libcln6
11065   libeet1
11066   libeina-svn-06
11067   libggadget-1.0-0b
11068   libggadget-qt-1.0-0b
11069   libgps19
11070   libkdecorations4
11071   libkephal4
11072   libkonq4
11073   libkonqsidebarplugin4a
11074   libkscreensaver5
11075   libksgrd4
11076   libksignalplotter4
11077   libkunitconversion4
11078   libkwineffects1a
11079   libmarblewidget4
11080   libntrack-qt4-1
11081   libntrack0
11082   libplasma-geolocation-interface4
11083   libplasmaclock4a
11084   libplasmagenericshell4
11085   libprocesscore4a
11086   libprocessui4a
11087   libqalculate5
11088   libqedje0a
11089   libqtruby4shared2
11090   libqzion0a
11091   libruby1.8
11092   libscim8c2a
11093   libsmokekdecore4-3
11094   libsmokekdeui4-3
11095   libsmokekfile3
11096   libsmokekhtml3
11097   libsmokekio3
11098   libsmokeknewstuff2-3
11099   libsmokeknewstuff3-3
11100   libsmokekparts3
11101   libsmokektexteditor3
11102   libsmokekutils3
11103   libsmokenepomuk3
11104   libsmokephonon3
11105   libsmokeplasma3
11106   libsmokeqtcore4-3
11107   libsmokeqtdbus4-3
11108   libsmokeqtgui4-3
11109   libsmokeqtnetwork4-3
11110   libsmokeqtopengl4-3
11111   libsmokeqtscript4-3
11112   libsmokeqtsql4-3
11113   libsmokeqtsvg4-3
11114   libsmokeqttest4-3
11115   libsmokeqtuitools4-3
11116   libsmokeqtwebkit4-3
11117   libsmokeqtxml4-3
11118   libsmokesolid3
11119   libsmokesoprano3
11120   libtaskmanager4a
11121   libtidy-0.99-0
11122   libweather-ion4a
11123   libxklavier16
11124   libxxf86misc1
11125   okteta
11126   oxygencursors
11127   plasma-dataengines-addons
11128   plasma-scriptengine-superkaramba
11129   plasma-widget-lancelot
11130   plasma-widgets-addons
11131   plasma-widgets-workspace
11132   polkit-kde-1
11133   ruby1.8
11134   systemsettings
11135   update-notifier-common
11136 </p></blockquote>
11137
11138 <p>Running apt-get autoremove made the results using apt-get and
11139 aptitude a bit more similar, but there are still quite a lott of
11140 differences.  I have no idea what packages should be installed after
11141 the upgrade, but hope those that do can have a look.</p>
11142
11143       </div>
11144       <div class="tags">
11145
11146
11147         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
11148
11149
11150       </div>
11151     </div>
11152     <div class="padding"></div>
11153
11154     <div class="entry">
11155       <div class="title">
11156         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Migrating_Xen_virtual_machines_using_LVM_to_KVM_using_disk_images.html">Migrating Xen virtual machines using LVM to KVM using disk images</a>
11157       </div>
11158       <div class="date">
11159         22nd November 2010
11160       </div>
11161       <div class="body">
11162         <p>Most of the computers in use by the
11163 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux project</a>
11164 are virtual machines.  And they have been Xen machines running on a
11165 fairly old IBM eserver xseries 345 machine, and we wanted to migrate
11166 them to KVM on a newer Dell PowerEdge 2950 host machine.  This was a
11167 bit harder that it could have been, because we set up the Xen virtual
11168 machines to get the virtual partitions from LVM, which as far as I
11169 know is not supported by KVM.  So to migrate, we had to convert
11170 several LVM logical volumes to partitions on a virtual disk file.</p>
11171
11172 <p>I found
11173 <a href="http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com.au/articles/35011-Six-steps-for-migrating-Xen-virtual-machines-to-KVM">a
11174 nice recipe</a> to do this, and wrote the following script to do the
11175 migration.  It uses qemu-img from the qemu package to make the disk
11176 image, parted to partition it, losetup and kpartx to present the disk
11177 image partions as devices, and dd to copy the data.  I NFS mounted the
11178 new servers storage area on the old server to do the migration.</p>
11179
11180 <pre>
11181 #!/bin/sh
11182
11183 # Based on
11184 # http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com.au/articles/35011-Six-steps-for-migrating-Xen-virtual-machines-to-KVM
11185
11186 set -e
11187 set -x
11188
11189 if [ -z "$1" ] ; then
11190     echo "Usage: $0 &lt;hostname&gt;"
11191     exit 1
11192 else
11193     host="$1"
11194 fi
11195
11196 if [ ! -e /dev/vg_data/$host-disk ] ; then
11197     echo "error: unable to find LVM volume for $host"
11198     exit 1
11199 fi
11200
11201 # Partitions need to be a bit bigger than the LVM LVs.  not sure why.
11202 disksize=$( lvs --units m | grep $host-disk | awk '{sum = sum + $4} END { print int(sum * 1.05) }')
11203 swapsize=$( lvs --units m | grep $host-swap | awk '{sum = sum + $4} END { print int(sum * 1.05) }')
11204 totalsize=$(( ( $disksize + $swapsize ) ))
11205
11206 img=$host.img
11207 #dd if=/dev/zero of=$img bs=1M count=$(( $disksize + $swapsize ))
11208 qemu-img create $img ${totalsize}MMaking room on the Debian Edu/Sqeeze DVD
11209
11210 parted $img mklabel msdos
11211 parted $img mkpart primary linux-swap 0 $disksize
11212 parted $img mkpart primary ext2 $disksize $totalsize
11213 parted $img set 1 boot on
11214
11215 modprobe dm-mod
11216 losetup /dev/loop0 $img
11217 kpartx -a /dev/loop0
11218
11219 dd if=/dev/vg_data/$host-disk of=/dev/mapper/loop0p1 bs=1M
11220 fsck.ext3 -f /dev/mapper/loop0p1 || true
11221 mkswap /dev/mapper/loop0p2
11222
11223 kpartx -d /dev/loop0
11224 losetup -d /dev/loop0
11225 </pre>
11226
11227 <p>The script is perhaps so simple that it is not copyrightable, but
11228 if it is, it is licenced using GPL v2 or later at your discretion.</p>
11229
11230 <p>After doing this, I booted a Debian CD in rescue mode in KVM with
11231 the new disk image attached, installed grub-pc and linux-image-686 and
11232 set up grub to boot from the disk image.  After this, the KVM machines
11233 seem to work just fine.</p>
11234
11235       </div>
11236       <div class="tags">
11237
11238
11239         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
11240
11241
11242       </div>
11243     </div>
11244     <div class="padding"></div>
11245
11246     <div class="entry">
11247       <div class="title">
11248         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__apt_vs_aptitude_with_the_Gnome_and_KDE_desktop.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, apt vs aptitude with the Gnome and KDE desktop</a>
11249       </div>
11250       <div class="date">
11251         20th November 2010
11252       </div>
11253       <div class="body">
11254         <p>I'm still running upgrade testing of the
11255 <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">Lenny
11256 Gnome and KDE Desktop</a>, but have not had time to spend on reporting the
11257 status.  Here is a short update based on a test I ran 20101118.</p>
11258
11259 <p>I still do not know what a correct migration should look like, so I
11260 report any differences between apt and aptitude and hope someone else
11261 can see if anything should be changed.</p>
11262
11263 <p>This is for Gnome:</p>
11264
11265 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
11266
11267 <blockquote><p>
11268   apache2.2-bin aptdaemon at-spi baobab binfmt-support
11269   browser-plugin-gnash cheese-common cli-common cpp-4.3 cups-pk-helper
11270   dmz-cursor-theme empathy empathy-common finger
11271   freedesktop-sound-theme freeglut3 gconf-defaults-service gdm-themes
11272   gedit-plugins geoclue geoclue-hostip geoclue-localnet geoclue-manual
11273   geoclue-yahoo gnash gnash-common gnome gnome-backgrounds
11274   gnome-cards-data gnome-codec-install gnome-core
11275   gnome-desktop-environment gnome-disk-utility gnome-screenshot
11276   gnome-search-tool gnome-session-canberra gnome-spell
11277   gnome-system-log gnome-themes-extras gnome-themes-more
11278   gnome-user-share gs-common gstreamer0.10-fluendo-mp3
11279   gstreamer0.10-tools gtk2-engines gtk2-engines-pixbuf
11280   gtk2-engines-smooth hal-info hamster-applet libapache2-mod-dnssd
11281   libapr1 libaprutil1 libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 libaprutil1-ldap
11282   libart2.0-cil libatspi1.0-0 libboost-date-time1.42.0
11283   libboost-python1.42.0 libboost-thread1.42.0 libchamplain-0.4-0
11284   libchamplain-gtk-0.4-0 libcheese-gtk18 libclutter-gtk-0.10-0
11285   libcryptui0 libcupsys2 libdiscid0 libeel2-data libelf1 libepc-1.0-2
11286   libepc-common libepc-ui-1.0-2 libfreerdp-plugins-standard
11287   libfreerdp0 libgail-common libgconf2.0-cil libgdata-common libgdata7
11288   libgdl-1-common libgdu-gtk0 libgee2 libgeoclue0 libgexiv2-0 libgif4
11289   libglade2.0-cil libglib2.0-cil libgmime2.4-cil libgnome-vfs2.0-cil
11290   libgnome2.24-cil libgnomepanel2.24-cil libgnomeprint2.2-data
11291   libgnomeprintui2.2-common libgnomevfs2-bin libgpod-common libgpod4
11292   libgtk2.0-cil libgtkglext1 libgtksourceview-common
11293   libgtksourceview2.0-common libmono-addins-gui0.2-cil
11294   libmono-addins0.2-cil libmono-cairo2.0-cil libmono-corlib2.0-cil
11295   libmono-i18n-west2.0-cil libmono-posix2.0-cil
11296   libmono-security2.0-cil libmono-sharpzip2.84-cil
11297   libmono-system2.0-cil libmtp8 libmusicbrainz3-6
11298   libndesk-dbus-glib1.0-cil libndesk-dbus1.0-cil libopal3.6.8
11299   libpolkit-gtk-1-0 libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa
11300   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libpt2.6.7 libpython2.6 librpm1 librpmio1
11301   libsdl1.2debian libservlet2.4-java libsrtp0 libssh-4
11302   libtelepathy-farsight0 libtelepathy-glib0 libtidy-0.99-0
11303   libxalan2-java libxerces2-java media-player-info mesa-utils
11304   mono-2.0-gac mono-gac mono-runtime nautilus-sendto
11305   nautilus-sendto-empathy openoffice.org-writer2latex
11306   openssl-blacklist p7zip p7zip-full pkg-config python-4suite-xml
11307   python-aptdaemon python-aptdaemon-gtk python-axiom
11308   python-beautifulsoup python-bugbuddy python-clientform
11309   python-coherence python-configobj python-crypto python-cupshelpers
11310   python-cupsutils python-eggtrayicon python-elementtree
11311   python-epsilon python-evolution python-feedparser python-gdata
11312   python-gdbm python-gst0.10 python-gtkglext1 python-gtkmozembed
11313   python-gtksourceview2 python-httplib2 python-louie python-mako
11314   python-markupsafe python-mechanize python-nevow python-notify
11315   python-opengl python-openssl python-pam python-pkg-resources
11316   python-pyasn1 python-pysqlite2 python-rdflib python-serial
11317   python-tagpy python-twisted-bin python-twisted-conch
11318   python-twisted-core python-twisted-web python-utidylib python-webkit
11319   python-xdg python-zope.interface remmina remmina-plugin-data
11320   remmina-plugin-rdp remmina-plugin-vnc rhythmbox-plugin-cdrecorder
11321   rhythmbox-plugins rpm-common rpm2cpio seahorse-plugins shotwell
11322   software-center svgalibg1 system-config-printer-udev
11323   telepathy-gabble telepathy-mission-control-5 telepathy-salut tomboy
11324   totem totem-coherence totem-mozilla totem-plugins
11325   transmission-common xdg-user-dirs xdg-user-dirs-gtk xserver-xephyr
11326   zip
11327 </p></blockquote>
11328
11329 Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude
11330
11331 <blockquote><p>
11332   arj bluez-utils cheese dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop ekiga eog
11333   epiphany-extensions epiphany-gecko evolution-exchange
11334   fast-user-switch-applet file-roller gcalctool gconf-editor gdm gedit
11335   gedit-common gnome-app-install gnome-games gnome-games-data
11336   gnome-nettool gnome-system-tools gnome-themes gnome-utils
11337   gnome-vfs-obexftp gnome-volume-manager gnuchess gucharmap
11338   guile-1.8-libs hal libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5
11339   libavahi-ui0 libbind9-50 libbluetooth2 libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7
11340   libcucul0 libcurl3 libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdmx1 libdvdread3
11341   libedata-cal1.2-6 libedataserver1.2-9 libeel2-2.20 libepc-1.0-1
11342   libepc-ui-1.0-1 libexchange-storage1.2-3 libfaad0 libgadu3
11343   libgalago3 libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libggz2 libggzcore9
11344   libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0 libgnome-desktop-2
11345   libgnome-pilot2 libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomeprint2.2-0
11346   libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtk-vnc-1.0-0
11347   libgtkhtml2-0 libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgtksourceview2.0-0
11348   libgucharmap6 libhesiod0 libicu38 libisccc50 libisccfg50 libiw29
11349   libjaxp1.3-java-gcj libkpathsea4 liblircclient0 libltdl3 liblwres50
11350   libmagick++10 libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmozjs1d libmpfr1ldbl libmtp7
11351   libmysqlclient15off libnautilus-burn4 libneon27 libnm-glib0
11352   libnm-util0 libopal-2.2 libosp5 libparted1.8-10 libpisock9
11353   libpisync1 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3 libpt-1.10.10 libraw1394-8
11354   libsdl1.2debian-alsa libsensors3 libsexy2 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8
11355   libspeexdsp1 libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libsvga1
11356   libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1 libtotem-plparser10 libtrackerclient0
11357   libvoikko1 libxalan2-java-gcj libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12
11358   libxtrap6 libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3 mysql-common rhythmbox seahorse
11359   sound-juicer swfdec-gnome system-config-printer totem-common
11360   totem-gstreamer transmission-gtk vinagre vino w3c-dtd-xhtml wodim
11361 </p></blockquote>
11362
11363 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
11364
11365 <blockquote><p>
11366   gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
11367 </p></blockquote>
11368
11369 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
11370
11371 <blockquote><p>
11372 [nothing]
11373 </p></blockquote>
11374
11375 <p>This is for KDE:</p>
11376
11377 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
11378
11379 <blockquote><p>
11380   autopoint bomber bovo cantor cantor-backend-kalgebra cpp-4.3 dcoprss
11381   edict espeak espeak-data eyesapplet fifteenapplet finger gettext
11382   ghostscript-x git gnome-audio gnugo granatier gs-common
11383   gstreamer0.10-pulseaudio indi kaddressbook-plugins kalgebra
11384   kalzium-data kanjidic kapman kate-plugins kblocks kbreakout kbstate
11385   kde-icons-mono kdeaccessibility kdeaddons-kfile-plugins
11386   kdeadmin-kfile-plugins kdeartwork-misc kdeartwork-theme-window
11387   kdeedu kdeedu-data kdeedu-kvtml-data kdegames kdegames-card-data
11388   kdegames-mahjongg-data kdegraphics-kfile-plugins kdelirc
11389   kdemultimedia-kfile-plugins kdenetwork-kfile-plugins
11390   kdepim-kfile-plugins kdepim-kio-plugins kdessh kdetoys kdewebdev
11391   kdiamond kdnssd kfilereplace kfourinline kgeography-data kigo
11392   killbots kiriki klettres-data kmoon kmrml knewsticker-scripts
11393   kollision kpf krosspython ksirk ksmserver ksquares kstars-data
11394   ksudoku kubrick kweather libasound2-plugins libboost-python1.42.0
11395   libcfitsio3 libconvert-binhex-perl libcrypt-ssleay-perl libdb4.6++
11396   libdjvulibre-text libdotconf1.0 liberror-perl libespeak1
11397   libfinance-quote-perl libgail-common libgsl0ldbl libhtml-parser-perl
11398   libhtml-tableextract-perl libhtml-tagset-perl libhtml-tree-perl
11399   libio-stringy-perl libkdeedu4 libkdegames5 libkiten4 libkpathsea5
11400   libkrossui4 libmailtools-perl libmime-tools-perl
11401   libnews-nntpclient-perl libopenbabel3 libportaudio2 libpulse-browse0
11402   libservlet2.4-java libspeechd2 libtiff-tools libtimedate-perl
11403   libunistring0 liburi-perl libwww-perl libxalan2-java libxerces2-java
11404   lirc luatex marble networkstatus noatun-plugins
11405   openoffice.org-writer2latex palapeli palapeli-data parley
11406   parley-data poster psutils pulseaudio pulseaudio-esound-compat
11407   pulseaudio-module-x11 pulseaudio-utils quanta-data rocs rsync
11408   speech-dispatcher step svgalibg1 texlive-binaries texlive-luatex
11409   ttf-sazanami-gothic
11410 </p></blockquote>
11411
11412 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
11413
11414 <blockquote><p>
11415   amor artsbuilder atlantik atlantikdesigner blinken bluez-utils cvs
11416   dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop imlib-base imlib11 kalzium kanagram kandy
11417   kasteroids katomic kbackgammon kbattleship kblackbox kbounce kbruch
11418   kcron kdat kdemultimedia-kappfinder-data kdeprint kdict kdvi kedit
11419   keduca kenolaba kfax kfaxview kfouleggs kgeography kghostview
11420   kgoldrunner khangman khexedit kiconedit kig kimagemapeditor
11421   kitchensync kiten kjumpingcube klatin klettres klickety klines
11422   klinkstatus kmag kmahjongg kmailcvt kmenuedit kmid kmilo kmines
11423   kmousetool kmouth kmplot knetwalk kodo kolf kommander konquest kooka
11424   kpager kpat kpdf kpercentage kpilot kpoker kpovmodeler krec
11425   kregexpeditor kreversi ksame ksayit kshisen ksig ksim ksirc ksirtet
11426   ksmiletris ksnake ksokoban kspaceduel kstars ksvg ksysv kteatime
11427   ktip ktnef ktouch ktron kttsd ktuberling kturtle ktux kuickshow
11428   kverbos kview kviewshell kvoctrain kwifimanager kwin kwin4 kwordquiz
11429   kworldclock kxsldbg libakode2 libarts1-akode libarts1-audiofile
11430   libarts1-mpeglib libarts1-xine libavahi-compat-libdnssd1
11431   libavahi-core5 libavc1394-0 libbind9-50 libbluetooth2
11432   libboost-python1.34.1 libcucul0 libcurl3 libcvsservice0
11433   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdjvulibre21 libdvdread3 libfaad0 libfreebob0
11434   libgd2-noxpm libgraphviz4 libgsmme1c2a libgtkhtml2-0 libicu38
11435   libiec61883-0 libindex0 libisccc50 libisccfg50 libiw29
11436   libjaxp1.3-java-gcj libk3b3 libkcal2b libkcddb1 libkdeedu3
11437   libkdegames1 libkdepim1a libkgantt0 libkleopatra1 libkmime2
11438   libkpathsea4 libkpimexchange1 libkpimidentities1 libkscan1
11439   libksieve0 libktnef1 liblockdev1 libltdl3 liblwres50 libmagick10
11440   libmimelib1c2a libmodplug0c2 libmozjs1d libmpcdec3 libmpfr1ldbl
11441   libneon27 libnm-util0 libopensync0 libpisock9 libpoppler-glib3
11442   libpoppler-qt2 libpoppler3 libraw1394-8 librss1 libsensors3
11443   libsmbios2 libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90
11444   libtalloc1 libxalan2-java-gcj libxerces2-java-gcj libxtrap6 lskat
11445   mpeglib network-manager-kde noatun pmount tex-common texlive-base
11446   texlive-common texlive-doc-base texlive-fonts-recommended tidy
11447   ttf-dustin ttf-kochi-gothic ttf-sjfonts
11448 </p></blockquote>
11449
11450 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
11451
11452 <blockquote><p>
11453   dolphin kde-core kde-plasma-desktop kde-standard kde-window-manager
11454   kdeartwork kdebase kdebase-apps kdebase-workspace
11455   kdebase-workspace-bin kdebase-workspace-data kdeutils kscreensaver
11456   kscreensaver-xsavers libgle3 libkonq5 libkonq5-templates libnetpbm10
11457   netpbm plasma-widget-folderview plasma-widget-networkmanagement
11458   xscreensaver-data-extra xscreensaver-gl xscreensaver-gl-extra
11459   xscreensaver-screensaver-bsod
11460 </p></blockquote>
11461
11462 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
11463
11464 <blockquote><p>
11465   kdebase-bin konq-plugins konqueror
11466 </p></blockquote>
11467
11468       </div>
11469       <div class="tags">
11470
11471
11472         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
11473
11474
11475       </div>
11476     </div>
11477     <div class="padding"></div>
11478
11479     <div class="entry">
11480       <div class="title">
11481         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gnash_buildbot_slave_and_Debian_kfreebsd.html">Gnash buildbot slave and Debian kfreebsd</a>
11482       </div>
11483       <div class="date">
11484         20th November 2010
11485       </div>
11486       <div class="body">
11487         <p>Answering
11488 <a href="http://www.listware.net/201011/gnash-dev/67431-gnash-dev-buildbot-looking-for-slaves.html">the
11489 call from the Gnash project</a> for
11490 <a href="http://www.gnashdev.org:8010">buildbot</a> slaves to test the
11491 current source, I have set up a virtual KVM machine on the Debian
11492 Edu/Skolelinux virtualization host to test the git source on
11493 Debian/Squeeze.  I hope this can help the developers in getting new
11494 releases out more often.</p>
11495
11496 <p>As the developers want less main-stream build platforms tested to,
11497 I have considered setting up a <a
11498 href="http://www.debian.org/ports/kfreebsd-gnu/">Debian/kfreebsd</a>
11499 machine as well.  I have also considered using the kfreebsd
11500 architecture in Debian as a file server in NUUG to get access to the 5
11501 TB zfs volume we currently use to store DV video.  Because of this, I
11502 finally got around to do a test installation of Debian/Squeeze with
11503 kfreebsd.  Installation went fairly smooth, thought I noticed some
11504 visual glitches in the cdebconf dialogs (black cursor left on the
11505 screen at random locations).  Have not gotten very far with the
11506 testing.  Noticed cfdisk did not work, but fdisk did so it was not a
11507 fatal problem.  Have to spend some more time on it to see if it is
11508 useful as a file server for NUUG.  Will try to find time to set up a
11509 gnash buildbot slave on the Debian Edu/Skolelinux this weekend.</p>
11510
11511       </div>
11512       <div class="tags">
11513
11514
11515         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11516
11517
11518       </div>
11519     </div>
11520     <div class="padding"></div>
11521
11522     <div class="entry">
11523       <div class="title">
11524         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Making_room_on_the_Debian_Edu_Sqeeze_DVD.html">Making room on the Debian Edu/Sqeeze DVD</a>
11525       </div>
11526       <div class="date">
11527          7th November 2010
11528       </div>
11529       <div class="body">
11530         <p>Prioritising packages for the Debian Edu /
11531 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> DVD, which is
11532 supposed provide a school with all the services and user applications
11533 needed on the pupils computer network has always been hard.  Even
11534 schools without Internet connections should be able to get Debian Edu
11535 working using this DVD.</p>
11536
11537 <p>The job became a lot harder when apt and aptitude started
11538 installing recommended packages by default.  We want the same set of
11539 packages to be installed when using the DVD and the netinst CD, and
11540 that means all recommended packages need to be on the DVD.  I created
11541 a patch for debian-cd in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/601203">BTS
11542 report #601203</a> to do this, and since this change was applied to
11543 the Debian Edu DVD build, we have been seriously short on space.</p>
11544
11545 <p>A few days ago we decided to drop blender, wxmaxima and kicad from
11546 the default installation to save space on the DVD, believing that
11547 those needing these applications are few and can get them from the
11548 Debian archive.</p>
11549
11550 <p>Yesterday, I had a look what source packages to see which packages
11551 were using most space.  A few large packages are well know;
11552 openoffice.org, openclipart and fluid-soundfont.  But I also
11553 discovered that lilypond used 106 MiB and fglrx-driver used 53 MiB.
11554 The lilypond package is pulled in as a dependency for rosegarden, and
11555 when looking a bit closer I discovered that 99 MiB of the 106 MiB were
11556 the documentation package, which is recommended by the binary package.
11557 I decided to drop this documentation package from our DVD, as most of
11558 our users will use the GUI front-ends and do not need the lilypond
11559 documentation.  Similarly, I dropped the non-free fglrx-driver package
11560 which might be installed by d-i when its hardware is detected, as the
11561 free X driver should work.</p>
11562
11563 <p>With this change, we finally got space for the LXDE and Gnome
11564 desktop packages as well as the language specific packages making the
11565 DVD more useful again.</p>
11566
11567       </div>
11568       <div class="tags">
11569
11570
11571         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11572
11573
11574       </div>
11575     </div>
11576     <div class="padding"></div>
11577
11578     <div class="entry">
11579       <div class="title">
11580         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Software_updates_2010_10_24.html">Software updates 2010-10-24</a>
11581       </div>
11582       <div class="date">
11583         24th October 2010
11584       </div>
11585       <div class="body">
11586         <p>Some updates.</p>
11587
11588 <p>My <a href="http://pledgebank.com/gnash-avm2">gnash pledge</a> to
11589 raise money for the project is going well.  The lower limit of 10
11590 signers was reached in 24 hours, and so far 13 people have signed it.
11591 More signers and more funding is most welcome, and I am really curious
11592 how far we can get before the time limit of December 24 is reached.
11593 :)</p>
11594
11595 <p>On the #gnash IRC channel on irc.freenode.net, I was just tipped
11596 about what appear to be a great code coverage tool capable of
11597 generating code coverage stats without any changes to the source code.
11598 It is called
11599 <a href="http://simonkagstrom.github.com/kcov/index.html">kcov</a>,
11600 and can be used using <tt>kcov &lt;directory&gt; &lt;binary&gt;</tt>.
11601 It is missing in Debian, but the git source built just fine in Squeeze
11602 after I installed libelf-dev, libdwarf-dev, pkg-config and
11603 libglib2.0-dev.  Failed to build in Lenny, but suspect that is
11604 solvable.  I hope kcov make it into Debian soon.</p>
11605
11606 <p>Finally found time to wrap up the release notes for <a
11607 href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2010/10/msg00002.html">a
11608 new alpha release of Debian Edu</a>, and just published the second
11609 alpha test release of the Squeeze based Debian Edu /
11610 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>
11611 release.  Give it a try if you need a complete linux solution for your
11612 school, including central infrastructure server, workstations, thin
11613 client servers and diskless workstations.  A nice touch added
11614 yesterday is RDP support on the thin client servers, for windows
11615 clients to get a Linux desktop on request.</p>
11616
11617       </div>
11618       <div class="tags">
11619
11620
11621         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>.
11622
11623
11624       </div>
11625     </div>
11626     <div class="padding"></div>
11627
11628     <div class="entry">
11629       <div class="title">
11630         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Some_notes_on_Flash_in_Debian_and_Debian_Edu.html">Some notes on Flash in Debian and Debian Edu</a>
11631       </div>
11632       <div class="date">
11633          4th September 2010
11634       </div>
11635       <div class="body">
11636         <p>In the <a href="http://popcon.debian.org/unknown/by_vote">Debian
11637 popularity-contest numbers</a>, the adobe-flashplugin package the
11638 second most popular used package that is missing in Debian.  The sixth
11639 most popular is flashplayer-mozilla.  This is a clear indication that
11640 working flash is important for Debian users.  Around 10 percent of the
11641 users submitting data to popcon.debian.org have this package
11642 installed.</p>
11643
11644 <p>In the report written by Lars Risan in August 2008
11645 («<a href="http://wiki.skolelinux.no/Dokumentasjon/Rapporter?action=AttachFile&do=view&target=Skolelinux_i_bruk_rapport_1.0.pdf">Skolelinux
11646 i bruk – Rapport for Hurum kommune, Universitetet i Agder og
11647 stiftelsen SLX Debian Labs</a>»), one of the most important problems
11648 schools experienced with <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian
11649 Edu/Skolelinux</a> was the lack of working Flash.  A lot of educational
11650 web sites require Flash to work, and lacking working Flash support in
11651 the web browser and the problems with installing it was perceived as a
11652 good reason to stay with Windows.</p>
11653
11654 <p>I once saw a funny and sad comment in a web forum, where Linux was
11655 said to be the retarded cousin that did not really understand
11656 everything you told him but could work fairly well.  This was a
11657 comment regarding the problems Linux have with proprietary formats and
11658 non-standard web pages, and is sad because it exposes a fairly common
11659 understanding of whose fault it is if web pages that only work in for
11660 example Internet Explorer 6 fail to work on Firefox, and funny because
11661 it explain very well how annoying it is for users when Linux
11662 distributions do not work with the documents they receive or the web
11663 pages they want to visit.</p>
11664
11665 <p>This is part of the reason why I believe it is important for Debian
11666 and Debian Edu to have a well working Flash implementation in the
11667 distribution, to get at least popular sites as Youtube and Google
11668 Video to working out of the box.  For Squeeze, Debian have the chance
11669 to include the latest version of Gnash that will make this happen, as
11670 the new release 0.8.8 was published a few weeks ago and is resting in
11671 unstable.  The new version work with more sites that version 0.8.7.
11672 The Gnash maintainers have asked for a freeze exception, but the
11673 release team have not had time to reply to it yet.  I hope they agree
11674 with me that Flash is important for the Debian desktop users, and thus
11675 accept the new package into Squeeze.</p>
11676
11677       </div>
11678       <div class="tags">
11679
11680
11681         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
11682
11683
11684       </div>
11685     </div>
11686     <div class="padding"></div>
11687
11688     <div class="entry">
11689       <div class="title">
11690         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_hard_link_handling_with_sshfs.html">Broken hard link handling with sshfs</a>
11691       </div>
11692       <div class="date">
11693         30th August 2010
11694       </div>
11695       <div class="body">
11696         <p>Just got an email from Tobias Gruetzmacher as a followup on my
11697 <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_umask_handling_with_sshfs.html">previous
11698 post about sshfs</a>.  He reported another problem with sshfs.  It
11699 fail to handle hard links properly.  A simple way to spot this is to
11700 look at the . and .. entries in the directory tree.  These should have
11701 a link count >1, but on sshfs the count is 1.  I just tested to see
11702 what happen when trying to hardlink, and this fail as well:</p>
11703
11704 <pre>
11705 % ln foo bar
11706 ln: creating hard link `bar' => `foo': Function not implemented
11707 %
11708 </pre>
11709
11710 <p>I have not yet found time to implement a test for this in my file
11711 system test code, but believe having working hard links is useful to
11712 avoid surprised unix programs.  Not as useful as working file locking
11713 and symlinks, which are required to get a working desktop, but useful
11714 nevertheless. :)</p>
11715
11716 <p>The latest version of the file system test code is available via
11717 git from
11718 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a></p>
11719
11720       </div>
11721       <div class="tags">
11722
11723
11724         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11725
11726
11727       </div>
11728     </div>
11729     <div class="padding"></div>
11730
11731     <div class="entry">
11732       <div class="title">
11733         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_i_Osloskolen.html">Skolelinux i Osloskolen</a>
11734       </div>
11735       <div class="date">
11736         26th August 2010
11737       </div>
11738       <div class="body">
11739         <p>Denne høsten skal endelig alle Osloskolene få mulighet til å bruke
11740 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>.  Ny IT-løsning
11741 har vært rullet ut i noen måneder nå, og så vidt jeg fikk vite før
11742 sommeren skulle alle skoler ha nytt opplegg på plass før oppstart nå i
11743 høst.  På alle skolene skal en kunne velge ved installasjon om en skal
11744 ha Windows eller Skolelinux på maskinene, og en kan i tillegg
11745 PXE-boote maskinene over nett som tynne klienter eller diskløse
11746 arbeidsstasjoner. Jeg er spent på hvor mange skoler som velger å ta i
11747 bruk Skolelinux, og gleder meg til å se hvordan dette utvikler seg.
11748 Løsningen leveres av
11749 <a href="http://www.logica.no/">Logica</a> med
11750 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a> som
11751 underleverandør, og jeg har vært involvert i utviklingen av løsningen
11752 via Skolelinux Drift AS siden prosjektet starter.  Jeg synes det er
11753 fantastisk at Skolelinux er kommet så langt siden vi startet i 2001 at
11754 alle elevene i Osloskolene nå skal få mulighet til å bruke
11755 løsningen.  Jeg håper de vil sette pris på alle de
11756 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.no/linux-signpost/">fantastiske
11757 brukerprogrammene</a> som er tilgjengelig i Skolelinux.</p>
11758
11759       </div>
11760       <div class="tags">
11761
11762
11763         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
11764
11765
11766       </div>
11767     </div>
11768     <div class="padding"></div>
11769
11770     <div class="entry">
11771       <div class="title">
11772         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_umask_handling_with_sshfs.html">Broken umask handling with sshfs</a>
11773       </div>
11774       <div class="date">
11775         26th August 2010
11776       </div>
11777       <div class="body">
11778         <p>My file system sematics program
11779 <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Testing_if_a_file_system_can_be_used_for_home_directories___.html">presented
11780 a few days ago</a> is very useful to verify that a file system can
11781 work as a unix home directory,and today I had to extend it a bit.  I'm
11782 looking into alternatives for home directory access here at the
11783 University of Oslo, and one of the options is sshfs.  My friend
11784 Finn-Arne mentioned a while back that they had used sshfs with Debian
11785 Edu, but stopped because of problems.  I asked today what the problems
11786 where, and he mentioned that sshfs failed to handle umask properly.
11787 Trying to detect the problem I wrote this addition to my fs testing
11788 script:</p>
11789
11790 <pre>
11791 mode_t touch_get_mode(const char *name, mode_t mode) {
11792   mode_t retval = 0;
11793   int fd = open(name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_LARGEFILE, mode);
11794   if (-1 != fd) {
11795     unlink(name);
11796     struct stat statbuf;
11797     if (-1 != fstat(fd, &statbuf)) {
11798       retval = statbuf.st_mode & 0x1ff;
11799     }
11800     close(fd);
11801   }
11802   return retval;
11803 }
11804
11805 /* Try to detect problem discovered using sshfs */
11806 int test_umask(void) {
11807   printf("info: testing umask effect on file creation\n");
11808
11809   mode_t orig_umask = umask(000);
11810   mode_t newmode;
11811   if (0666 != (newmode = touch_get_mode("foobar", 0666))) {
11812     printf("  error: Wrong file mode %o when creating using mode 666 and umask 000\n",
11813            newmode);
11814   }
11815   umask(007);
11816   if (0660 != (newmode = touch_get_mode("foobar", 0666))) {
11817     printf("  error: Wrong file mode %o when creating using mode 666 and umask 007\n",
11818            newmode);
11819   }
11820
11821   umask (orig_umask);
11822   return 0;
11823 }
11824
11825 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
11826   [...]
11827   test_umask();
11828   return 0;
11829 }
11830 </pre>
11831
11832 <p>Sure enough.  On NFS to a netapp, I get this result:</p>
11833
11834 <pre>
11835 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
11836 info: testing symlink creation
11837 info: testing subdirectory creation
11838 info: testing fcntl locking
11839   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
11840   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
11841   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
11842   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
11843   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
11844   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
11845 info: testing umask effect on file creation
11846 </pre>
11847
11848 <p>When mounting the same directory using sshfs, I get this
11849 result:</p>
11850
11851 <pre>
11852 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
11853 info: testing symlink creation
11854 info: testing subdirectory creation
11855 info: testing fcntl locking
11856   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
11857   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
11858   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
11859   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
11860   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
11861   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
11862 info: testing umask effect on file creation
11863   error: Wrong file mode 644 when creating using mode 666 and umask 000
11864   error: Wrong file mode 640 when creating using mode 666 and umask 007
11865 </pre>
11866
11867 <p>So, I can conclude that sshfs is better than smb to a Netapp or a
11868 Windows server, but not good enough to be used as a home
11869 directory.</p>
11870
11871 <p>Update 2010-08-26: Reported the issue in
11872 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/594498">BTS report #594498</a></p>
11873
11874 <p>Update 2010-08-27: Michael Gebetsroither report that he found the
11875 script so useful that he created a GIT repository and stored it in
11876 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a>.</p>
11877
11878       </div>
11879       <div class="tags">
11880
11881
11882         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11883
11884
11885       </div>
11886     </div>
11887     <div class="padding"></div>
11888
11889     <div class="entry">
11890       <div class="title">
11891         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/No_hardcoded_config_on_Debian_Edu_clients.html">No hardcoded config on Debian Edu clients</a>
11892       </div>
11893       <div class="date">
11894          9th August 2010
11895       </div>
11896       <div class="body">
11897         <p>As reported earlier, the last few days I have looked at how Debian
11898 Edu clients are configured, and tried to get rid of all hardcoded
11899 configuration settings on the clients.  I believe the work to be
11900 mostly done, and the clients seem to work just fine with dynamically
11901 generated configuration.</p>
11902
11903 <p>What is the point, you might ask?  The point is to allow a Debian
11904 Edu desktop to integrate into an existing network infrastructure
11905 without any manual configuration.</p>
11906
11907 <p>This is what happens when installing a Debian Edu client here at
11908 the University of Oslo using PXE.  With the PXE installation, I am
11909 asked for language (Norwegian Bokmål), locality (Norway) and keyboard
11910 layout (no-latin1), Debian Edu profile (Roaming Workstation), if I
11911 accept to reformat the hard drive (yes), if I want to submit info to
11912 popcon.debian.org (no) and root password (secret).  After answering
11913 these questions, the installer goes ahead and does its thing, and
11914 after around 50 minutes it is done.  I press enter to finish the
11915 installation, and the machine reboots into KDE.  When the machine is
11916 ready and kdm asks for login information, I enter my university
11917 username and password, am told by kdm that a local home directory has
11918 been created and that I must log in again, and finally log in with the
11919 same username and password to the KDE 4.4 desktop.  At no point during
11920 this process did it ask for university specific settings, and all the
11921 required configuration was dynamically detected using information
11922 fetched via DHCP and DNS.  The roaming workstation is now ready for
11923 use.</p>
11924
11925 <p>How was this done, you might wonder?  First of all, here is the
11926 list of things that need to be configured on the client to get it
11927 working properly out of the box:</p>
11928
11929 <ul>
11930 <li>IP address/netmask and DNS server.</li>
11931 <li>Web proxy URL.</li>
11932 <li>LDAP server for NSS directory information (user, group, etc).</li>
11933 <li>Kerberos server for PAM password checking.</li>
11934 <li>SMB mount point to access the network home directory. (*)</li>
11935 <li>Central syslog server to send syslog messages to. (*)</li>
11936 <li>Sitesummary collector URL to submit info to central server. (*)</li>
11937 </ul>
11938
11939 <p>(Hm, did I forget anything?  Let me knew if I did.)</p>
11940
11941 <p>The points marked (*) are not required to be able to use the
11942 machine, but needed to provide central storage and allowing system
11943 administrators to track their machines.  Since yesterday, everything
11944 but the sitesummary collector URL is dynamically discovered at boot
11945 and installation time in the svn version of Debian Edu.</p>
11946
11947 <p>The IP and DNS setup is fetched during boot using DHCP as usual.
11948 When a DHCP update arrives, the proxy setup is updated by looking for
11949 http://wpat/wpad.dat and using the content of this WPAD file to
11950 configure the http and ftp proxy in /etc/environment and
11951 /etc/apt/apt.conf.  I decided to update the proxy setup using a DHCP
11952 hook to ensure that the client stops using the Debian Edu proxy when
11953 it is moved outside the Debian Edu network, and instead uses any local
11954 proxy present on the new network when it moves around.</p>
11955
11956 <p>The DNS names of the LDAP, Kerberos and syslog server and related
11957 configuration are generated using DNS information at boot.  First the
11958 installer looks for a host named ldap in the current DNS domain.  If
11959 not found, it looks for _ldap._tcp SRV records in DNS instead.  If an
11960 LDAP server is found, its root DSE entry is requested and the
11961 attributes namingContexts and defaultNamingContext are used to
11962 determine which LDAP base to use for NSS.  If there are several
11963 namingContexts attibutes and the defaultNamingContext is present, that
11964 LDAP subtree is used as the base.  If defaultNamingContext is missing,
11965 the subtrees listed as namingContexts are searched in sequence for any
11966 object with class posixAccount or posixGroup, and the first one with
11967 such an object is used as the LDAP base.  For Kerberos, a similar
11968 search is done by first looking for a host named kerberos, and then
11969 for the _kerberos._tcp SRV record.  I've been unable to find a way to
11970 look up the Kerberos realm, so for this the upper case string of the
11971 current DNS domain is used.</p>
11972
11973 <p>For the syslog server, the hosts syslog and loghost are searched
11974 for, and the _syslog._udp SRV record is consulted if no such host is
11975 found.  This algorithm works for both Debian Edu and the University of
11976 Oslo.  A similar strategy would work for locating the sitesummary
11977 server, but have not been implemented yet.  I decided to fetch and
11978 save these settings during installation, to make sure moving to a
11979 different network does not change the set of users being allowed to
11980 log in nor the passwords required to log in.  Usernames and passwords
11981 will be cached by sssd when the user logs in on the Debian Edu
11982 network, and will not change as the laptop move around.  For a
11983 non-roaming machine, there is no caching, but given that it is
11984 supposed to stay in place it should not matter much.  Perhaps we
11985 should switch those to use sssd too?</p>
11986
11987 <p>The user's SMB mount point for the network home directory is
11988 located when the user logs in for the first time.  The LDAP server is
11989 consulted to look for the user's LDAP object and the sambaHomePath
11990 attribute is used if found.  If it isn't found, the home directory
11991 path fetched from NSS is used instead.  Assuming the path is of the
11992 form /site/server/directory/username, the second part is looked up in
11993 DNS and used to generate a SMB URL of the form
11994 smb://server.domain/username.  This algorithm works for both Debian
11995 edu and the University of Oslo.  Perhaps there are better attributes
11996 to use or a better algorithm that works for more sites, but this will
11997 do for now. :)</p>
11998
11999 <p>This work should make it easier to integrate the Debian Edu clients
12000 into any LDAP/Kerberos infrastructure, and make the current setup even
12001 more flexible than before.  I suspect it will also work for thin
12002 client servers, allowing one to easily set up LTSP and hook it into a
12003 existing network infrastructure, but I have not had time to test this
12004 yet.</p>
12005
12006 <p>If you want to help out with implementing these things for Debian
12007 Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12008
12009 <p>Update 2010-08-09: Simon Farnsworth gave me a heads-up on how to
12010 detect Kerberos realm from DNS, by looking for _kerberos TXT entries
12011 before falling back to the upper case DNS domain name.  Will have to
12012 implement it for Debian Edu. :)</p>
12013
12014       </div>
12015       <div class="tags">
12016
12017
12018         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12019
12020
12021       </div>
12022     </div>
12023     <div class="padding"></div>
12024
12025     <div class="entry">
12026       <div class="title">
12027         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Testing_if_a_file_system_can_be_used_for_home_directories___.html">Testing if a file system can be used for home directories...</a>
12028       </div>
12029       <div class="date">
12030          8th August 2010
12031       </div>
12032       <div class="body">
12033         <p>A few years ago, I was involved in a project planning to use
12034 Windows file servers as home directory servers for Debian
12035 Edu/Skolelinux machines.  This was thought to be no problem, as the
12036 access would be through the SMB network file system protocol, and we
12037 knew other sites used SMB with unix and samba as the file server to
12038 mount home directories without any problems.  But, after months of
12039 struggling, we had to conclude that our goal was impossible.</p>
12040
12041 <p>The reason is simply that while SMB can be used for home
12042 directories when the file server is Samba running on Unix, this only
12043 work because of Samba have some extensions and the fact that the
12044 underlying file system is a unix file system.  When using a Windows
12045 file server, the underlying file system do not have POSIX semantics,
12046 and several programs will fail if the users home directory where they
12047 want to store their configuration lack POSIX semantics.</p>
12048
12049 <p>As part of this work, I wrote a small C program I want to share
12050 with you all, to replicate a few of the problematic applications (like
12051 OpenOffice.org and GCompris) and see if the file system was working as
12052 it should.  If you find yourself in spooky file system land, it might
12053 help you find your way out again.  This is the fs-test.c source:</p>
12054
12055 <pre>
12056 /*
12057  * Some tests to check the file system sematics.  Used to verify that
12058  * CIFS from a windows server do not work properly as a linux home
12059  * directory.
12060  * License: GPL v2 or later
12061  *
12062  * needs libsqlite3-dev and build-essential installed
12063  * compile with: gcc -Wall -lsqlite3 -DTEST_SQLITE fs-test.c -o fs-test
12064 */
12065
12066 #define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS 64
12067 #define _LARGEFILE_SOURCE 1
12068 #define _LARGEFILE64_SOURCE 1
12069
12070 #define _GNU_SOURCE /* for asprintf() */
12071
12072 #include &lt;errno.h>
12073 #include &lt;fcntl.h>
12074 #include &lt;stdio.h>
12075 #include &lt;string.h>
12076 #include &lt;stdlib.h>
12077 #include &lt;sys/file.h>
12078 #include &lt;sys/stat.h>
12079 #include &lt;sys/types.h>
12080 #include &lt;unistd.h>
12081
12082 #ifdef TEST_SQLITE
12083 /*
12084  * Test sqlite open, as done by gcompris require the libsqlite3-dev
12085  * package and linking with -lsqlite3.  A more low level test is
12086  * below.
12087  * See also &lt;URL: http://www.sqlite.org./faq.html#q5 >.
12088  */
12089 #include &lt;sqlite3.h>
12090 #define CREATE_TABLE_USERS                                              \
12091   "CREATE TABLE users (user_id INT UNIQUE, login TEXT, lastname TEXT, firstname TEXT, birthdate TEXT, class_id INT ); "
12092 int test_sqlite_open(void) {
12093   char *zErrMsg;
12094   char *name = "testsqlite.db";
12095   sqlite3 *db=NULL;
12096   unlink(name);
12097   int rc = sqlite3_open(name, &db);
12098   if( rc ){
12099     printf("error: sqlite open of %s failed: %s\n", name, sqlite3_errmsg(db));
12100     sqlite3_close(db);
12101     return -1;
12102   }
12103
12104   /* create tables */
12105   rc = sqlite3_exec(db,CREATE_TABLE_USERS, NULL,  0, &zErrMsg);
12106   if( rc != SQLITE_OK ){
12107     printf("error: sqlite table create failed: %s\n", zErrMsg);
12108     sqlite3_close(db);
12109     return -1;
12110   }
12111   printf("info: sqlite worked\n");
12112   sqlite3_close(db);
12113   return 0;
12114 }
12115 #endif /* TEST_SQLITE */
12116
12117 /*
12118  * Demonstrate locking issue found in gcompris using sqlite3.  This
12119  * work with ext3, but not with cifs server on Windows 2003.  This is
12120  * done in the sqlite3 library.
12121  * See also
12122  * &lt;URL:http://www.cygwin.com/ml/cygwin/2001-08/msg00854.html> and the
12123  * POSIX specification
12124  * &lt;URL:http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/fcntl.html>.
12125  */
12126 int test_gcompris_locking(void) {
12127   struct flock fl;
12128   char *name = "testsqlite.db";
12129   unlink(name);
12130   int fd = open(name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_LARGEFILE, 0644);
12131   printf("info: testing fcntl locking\n");
12132
12133   fl.l_whence = SEEK_SET;
12134   fl.l_pid    = getpid();
12135   printf("  Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824");
12136   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
12137   fl.l_len    = 1;
12138   fl.l_type   = F_RDLCK;
12139   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
12140
12141   printf("  Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826");
12142   fl.l_start  = 1073741826;
12143   fl.l_len    = 510;
12144   fl.l_type   = F_RDLCK;
12145   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
12146
12147   printf("  Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824");
12148   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
12149   fl.l_len    = 1;
12150   fl.l_type   = F_UNLCK;
12151   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
12152
12153   printf("  Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824");
12154   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
12155   fl.l_len    = 1;
12156   fl.l_type   = F_WRLCK;
12157   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
12158
12159   printf("  Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826");
12160   fl.l_start  = 1073741826;
12161   fl.l_len    = 510;
12162   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
12163
12164   printf("  Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824");
12165   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
12166   fl.l_len    = 2;
12167   fl.l_type   = F_UNLCK;
12168   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
12169
12170   close(fd);
12171   return 0;
12172 }
12173
12174 /*
12175  * Test if permissions of freshly created directories allow entries
12176  * below them.  This was a problem with OpenOffice.org and gcompris.
12177  * Mounting with option 'sync' seem to solve this problem while
12178  * slowing down file operations.
12179  */
12180 int test_subdirectory_creation(void) {
12181 #define LEVELS 5
12182   char *path = strdup("test");
12183   char *dirs[LEVELS];
12184   int level;
12185   printf("info: testing subdirectory creation\n");
12186   for (level = 0; level &lt; LEVELS; level++) {
12187     char *newpath = NULL;
12188     if (-1 == mkdir(path, 0777)) {
12189       printf("  error: Unable to create directory '%s': %s\n",
12190              path, strerror(errno));
12191       break;
12192     }
12193     asprintf(&newpath, "%s/%s", path, "test");
12194     free(path);
12195     path = newpath;
12196   }
12197   return 0;
12198 }
12199
12200 /*
12201  * Test if symlinks can be created.  This was a problem detected with
12202  * KDE.
12203  */
12204 int test_symlinks(void) {
12205   printf("info: testing symlink creation\n");
12206   unlink("symlink");
12207   if (-1 == symlink("file", "symlink"))
12208     printf("  error: Unable to create symlink\n");
12209   return 0;
12210 }
12211
12212 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
12213   printf("Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system\n");
12214   test_symlinks();
12215   test_subdirectory_creation();
12216 #ifdef TEST_SQLITE
12217   test_sqlite_open();
12218 #endif /* TEST_SQLITE */
12219   test_gcompris_locking();
12220   return 0;
12221 }
12222 </pre>
12223
12224 <p>When everything is working, it should print something like
12225 this:</p>
12226
12227 <pre>
12228 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
12229 info: testing symlink creation
12230 info: testing subdirectory creation
12231 info: sqlite worked
12232 info: testing fcntl locking
12233   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
12234   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
12235   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
12236   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
12237   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
12238   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
12239 </pre>
12240
12241 <p>I do not remember the exact details of the problems we saw, but one
12242 of them was with locking, where if I remember correctly, POSIX allow a
12243 read-only lock to be upgraded to a read-write lock without unlocking
12244 the read-only lock (while Windows do not).  Another was a bug in the
12245 CIFS/SMB client implementation in the Linux kernel where directory
12246 meta information would be wrong for a fraction of a second, making
12247 OpenOffice.org fail to create its deep directory tree because it was
12248 not allowed to create files in its freshly created directory.</p>
12249
12250 <p>Anyway, here is a nice tool for your tool box, might you never need
12251 it. :)</p>
12252
12253 <p>Update 2010-08-27: Michael Gebetsroither report that he found the
12254 script so useful that he created a GIT repository and stored it in
12255 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a>.</p>
12256
12257       </div>
12258       <div class="tags">
12259
12260
12261         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12262
12263
12264       </div>
12265     </div>
12266     <div class="padding"></div>
12267
12268     <div class="entry">
12269       <div class="title">
12270         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Autodetecting_Client_setup_for_roaming_workstations_in_Debian_Edu.html">Autodetecting Client setup for roaming workstations in Debian Edu</a>
12271       </div>
12272       <div class="date">
12273          7th August 2010
12274       </div>
12275       <div class="body">
12276         <p>A few days ago, I
12277 <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_roaming_workstation___at_the_university_of_Oslo.html">tried
12278 to install</a> a Roaming workation profile from Debian Edu/Squeeze
12279 while on the university network here at the University of Oslo, and
12280 noticed how much had to change to get it operational using the
12281 university infrastructure.  It was fairly easy, but it occured to me
12282 that Debian Edu would improve a lot if I could get the client to
12283 connect without any changes at all, and thus let the client configure
12284 itself during installation and first boot to use the infrastructure
12285 around it.  Now I am a huge step further along that road.</p>
12286
12287 <p>With our current squeeze-test packages, I can select the roaming
12288 workstation profile and get a working laptop connecting to the
12289 university LDAP server for user and group and our active directory
12290 servers for Kerberos authentication.  All this without any
12291 configuration at all during installation.  My users home directory got
12292 a bookmark in the KDE menu to mount it via SMB, with the correct URL.
12293 In short, openldap and sssd is correctly configured.  In addition to
12294 this, the client look for http://wpad/wpad.dat to configure a web
12295 proxy, and when it fail to find it no proxy settings are stored in
12296 /etc/environment and /etc/apt/apt.conf.  Iceweasel and KDE is
12297 configured to look for the same wpad configuration and also do not use
12298 a proxy when at the university network.  If the machine is moved to a
12299 network with such wpad setup, it would automatically use it when DHCP
12300 gave it a IP address.</p>
12301
12302 <p>The LDAP server is located using DNS, by first looking for the DNS
12303 entry ldap.$domain.  If this do not exist, it look for the
12304 _ldap._tcp.$domain SRV records and use the first one as the LDAP
12305 server.  Next, it connects to the LDAP server and search all
12306 namingContexts entries for posixAccount or posixGroup objects, and
12307 pick the first one as the LDAP base.  For Kerberos, a similar
12308 algorithm is used to locate the LDAP server, and the realm is the
12309 uppercase version of $domain.</p>
12310
12311 <p>So, what is not working, you might ask.  SMB mounting my home
12312 directory do not work.  No idea why, but suspected the incorrect
12313 Kerberos settings in /etc/krb5.conf and /etc/samba/smb.conf might be
12314 the cause.  These are not properly configured during installation, and
12315 had to be hand-edited to get the correct Kerberos realm and server,
12316 but SMB mounting still do not work. :(</p>
12317
12318 <p>With this automatic configuration in place, I expect a Debian Edu
12319 roaming profile installation would be able to automatically detect and
12320 connect to any site using LDAP and Kerberos for NSS directory and PAM
12321 authentication.  It should also work out of the box in a Active
12322 Directory environment providing posixAccount and posixGroup objects
12323 with UID and GID values.</p>
12324
12325 <p>If you want to help out with implementing these things for Debian
12326 Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12327
12328       </div>
12329       <div class="tags">
12330
12331
12332         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12333
12334
12335       </div>
12336     </div>
12337     <div class="padding"></div>
12338
12339     <div class="entry">
12340       <div class="title">
12341         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_roaming_workstation___at_the_university_of_Oslo.html">Debian Edu roaming workstation - at the university of Oslo</a>
12342       </div>
12343       <div class="date">
12344          3rd August 2010
12345       </div>
12346       <div class="body">
12347         <p>The new roaming workstation profile in Debian Edu/Squeeze is fairly
12348 similar to the laptop setup am I working on using Ubuntu for the
12349 University of Oslo, and just for the heck of it, I tested today how
12350 hard it would be to integrate that profile into the university
12351 infrastructure.  In this case, it is the university LDAP server,
12352 Active Directory Kerberos server and SMB mounting from the Netapp file
12353 servers.</p>
12354
12355 <p>I was pleasantly surprised that the only three files needed to be
12356 changed (/etc/sssd/sssd.conf, /etc/ldap.conf and
12357 /etc/mklocaluser.d/20-debian-edu-config) and one file had to be added
12358 (/usr/share/perl5/Debian/Edu_Local.pm), to get the client working.
12359 Most of the changes were to get the client to use the university LDAP
12360 for NSS and Kerberos server for PAM, but one was to change a hard
12361 coded DNS domain name in the mklocaluser hook from .intern to
12362 .uio.no.</p>
12363
12364 <p>This testing was so encouraging, that I went ahead and adjusted the
12365 Debian Edu scripts and setup in subversion to centralise the roaming
12366 workstation setup a bit more and avoid the hardcoded DNS domain name,
12367 so that when I test this tomorrow, I expect to get away with modifying
12368 only /etc/sssd/sssd.conf and /etc/ldap.conf to get it to use the
12369 university servers.</p>
12370
12371 <p>My goal is to get the clients to have no hardcoded settings and
12372 fetch all their initial setup during installation and first boot, to
12373 allow them to be inserted also into environments where the default
12374 setup in Debian Edu has been changed or as with the university, where
12375 the environment is different but provides the protocols Debian Edu
12376 uses.</p>
12377
12378       </div>
12379       <div class="tags">
12380
12381
12382         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12383
12384
12385       </div>
12386     </div>
12387     <div class="padding"></div>
12388
12389     <div class="entry">
12390       <div class="title">
12391         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Debian_Edu_test_release__alpha0__based_on_Squeeze_is_released.html">First Debian Edu test release (alpha0) based on Squeeze is released</a>
12392       </div>
12393       <div class="date">
12394         27th July 2010
12395       </div>
12396       <div class="body">
12397         <p>I just posted this announcement culminating several months of work
12398 with the next Debian Edu release.  Not nearly done, but one major step
12399 completed.</p>
12400
12401 <blockquote>
12402 <p>This is the first test release based on Squeeze. The focus of this
12403 release is to test the user application selection. To have a look,
12404 install the standalone profile and let the developers know if the set
12405 of installed packages i.e. applications should be modified. If some
12406 user application is missing, or if there are some applications that no
12407 longer make sense to be included in Debian Edu, please let us know.
12408 Also, if a useful application is missing the translation for your
12409 language of choice, please let us know too.</p>
12410
12411 <p>In addition, feedback and help to polish the desktop (menus,
12412 artwork, starters, etc.) is appreciated. We would like to ship a nice
12413 and handy KDE4 desktop targeted for schools out of the box.</p>
12414
12415 <p>The other profiles should be installable, but there is a lot more
12416 work left to be done before they are ready, so do not expect to
12417 much.</p>
12418
12419 <p>Changes compared to the lenny based version</p>
12420
12421 <ul>
12422 <li>Everything from Debian Squeeze
12423 <ul>
12424   <li>Desktop environment KDE 4.4 => the new KDE desktop in
12425          combination with some new artwork
12426   <li>Web browser Iceweasel 3.5
12427   <li>OpenOffice.org 3.2
12428   <li>Educational toolbox GCompris 9.3
12429   <li>Music creator Rosegarden 10.04.2
12430   <li>Image editor Gimp 2.6.10
12431   <li>Virtual universe Celestia 1.6.0
12432   <li>Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.10.4
12433   <li>3D modeler Blender 2.49.2 (new application)
12434   <li>Video editor Kdenlive 0.7.7 (new application)
12435 </ul></li>
12436 <li>Now using Kerberos for password checking (migration not finished).
12437     Enabled for:
12438 <ul>
12439   <li>PAM
12440   <li>LDAP
12441   <li>IMAP
12442   <li>SMTP (sender verification)
12443 </ul>
12444 </li>
12445 <li>New experimental roaming workstation profile for laptops.</li>
12446 <li>Show welcome page to users when they first log in. The URL is
12447     fetched from LDAP.</li>
12448 <li>New LXDE desktop option, in addition to KDE (default) and Gnome.</li>
12449 <li>General cleanup (not finished)</li>
12450 </ul>
12451 <p>The following features are not working as they should</p>
12452
12453 <ul>
12454 <li>No web based administration tool for creating users and groups. The
12455     scripts ldap-createuser-krb and ldap-add-user-to-group can be used
12456     for testing.</li>
12457 <li>DVD installs are missing debian-installer images for the PXE boot,
12458     and do not set up the PXE menu on eth0 because of this. LTSP
12459     clients should still boot from eth1 on thin client servers.</li>
12460 <li>The restructured KDE menu is not implemented.</li>
12461 <li>The LDAP server setup need to be reviewed for security.</li>
12462 <li>The LDAP directory structure need to be reworked.</li>
12463 <li>Different sets of packages are installed when using the DVD and the
12464     netinst CD. More packages are installed using the netinst CD.</li>
12465 <li>The jackd package fail to install. This is believed to be caused by
12466     some ongoing transition, and hopefully should be solved soon. The
12467     jackd1 package can be installed manually for those that need it.</li>
12468 <li>Some packages lack translations. See
12469     http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Squeeze for updated status,
12470     and help out with translations.</li>
12471 </ul>
12472
12473 <p>To download this multiarch netinstall release you can use</p>
12474
12475 <ul>
12476 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</a></li>
12477 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</a></li>
12478 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
12479 </ul>
12480 <p>To download this multiarch dvd release you can use</p>
12481
12482 <ul>
12483 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</a></li>
12484 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</a></li>
12485 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
12486 </ul>
12487
12488 <p>There is no source DVD available yet. It will be prepared when we
12489 get closer to the final release.</p>
12490
12491 <p>The MD5SUM of these images are</p>
12492
12493 <ul>
12494 <li>3dbf45d59f42a53518b6e3c9ec3b5eb6 debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
12495 <li>22f2cbfce281d1c6e478be452638675d debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
12496 </ul>
12497
12498 <p>The SHA1SUM of these images are</p>
12499 <ul>
12500 <li>c53d1b69b40cf37cd27aefaf33f6f6a3821bedf0 debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
12501 <li>2ec29d7db676d59d32197b05c277ffe16348376c debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
12502 </ul>
12503 <p>How to report bugs:
12504 http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugsInBugzilla</p>
12505
12506 <p>Please direct replies to debian-edu@lists.debian.org</p>
12507 </blockquote>
12508
12509       </div>
12510       <div class="tags">
12511
12512
12513         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12514
12515
12516       </div>
12517     </div>
12518     <div class="padding"></div>
12519
12520     <div class="entry">
12521       <div class="title">
12522         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/One_step_closer_to_single_signon_in_Debian_Edu.html">One step closer to single signon in Debian Edu</a>
12523       </div>
12524       <div class="date">
12525         25th July 2010
12526       </div>
12527       <div class="body">
12528         <p>The last few months me and the other Debian Edu developers have
12529 been working hard to get the Debian/Squeeze based version of Debian
12530 Edu/Skolelinux into shape.  This future version will use Kerberos for
12531 authentication, and services are slowly migrated to single signon,
12532 getting rid of password questions one at the time.</p>
12533
12534 <p>It will also feature a roaming workstation profile with local home
12535 directory, for laptops that are only some times on the Skolelinux
12536 network, and for this profile a shortcut is created in Gnome and KDE
12537 to gain access to the users home directory on the file server.  This
12538 shortcut uses SMB at the moment, and yesterday I had time to test if
12539 SMB mounting had started working in KDE after we added the cifs-utils
12540 package.  I was pleasantly surprised how well it worked.</p>
12541
12542 <p>Thanks to the recent changes to our samba configuration to get it
12543 to use Kerberos for authentication, there were no question about user
12544 password when mounting the SMB volume.  A simple click on the shortcut
12545 in the KDE menu, and a window with the home directory popped
12546 up. :)</p>
12547
12548 <p>One step closer to a single signon solution out of the box in
12549 Debian Edu.  We already had PAM, LDAP, IMAP and SMTP in place, and now
12550 also Samba.  Next step is Cups and hopefully also NFS.</p>
12551
12552 <p>We had planned a alpha0 release of Debian Edu for today, but thanks
12553 to the autobuilder administrators for some architectures being slow to
12554 sign packages, we are still missing the fixed LTSP package we need for
12555 the release.  It was uploaded three days ago with urgency=high, and if
12556 it had entered testing yesterday we would have been able to test it in
12557 time for a alpha0 release today.  As the binaries for ia64 and powerpc
12558 still not uploaded to the Debian archive, we need to delay the alpha
12559 release another day.</p>
12560
12561 <p>If you want to help out with implementing Kerberos for Debian Edu,
12562 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12563
12564       </div>
12565       <div class="tags">
12566
12567
12568         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet</a>.
12569
12570
12571       </div>
12572     </div>
12573     <div class="padding"></div>
12574
12575     <div class="entry">
12576       <div class="title">
12577         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/What_are_they_searching_for___PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_in_LDAP.html">What are they searching for - PowerDNS and ISC DHCP in LDAP</a>
12578       </div>
12579       <div class="date">
12580         17th July 2010
12581       </div>
12582       <div class="body">
12583         <p>This is a
12584 <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">followup</a>
12585 on my
12586 <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_a_change_to_LDAP_schemas_allowing_DNS_and_DHCP_info_to_be_combined_into_one_object.html">previous
12587 work</a> on
12588 <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Combining_PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_LDAP_objects.html">merging
12589 all</a> the computer related LDAP objects in Debian Edu.</p>
12590
12591 <p>As a step to try to see if it possible to merge the DNS and DHCP
12592 LDAP objects, I have had a look at how the packages pdns-backend-ldap
12593 and dhcp3-server-ldap in Debian use the LDAP server.  The two
12594 implementations are quite different in how they use LDAP.</p>
12595
12596 To get this information, I started slapd with debugging enabled and
12597 dumped the debug output to a file to get the LDAP searches performed
12598 on a Debian Edu main-server.  Here is a summary.
12599
12600 <p><strong>powerdns</strong></p>
12601
12602 <a href="http://www.linuxnetworks.de/doc/index.php/PowerDNS_LDAP_Backend">Clues
12603 on how to</a> set up PowerDNS to use a LDAP backend is available on
12604 the web.
12605
12606 <p>PowerDNS have two modes of operation using LDAP as its backend.
12607 One "strict" mode where the forward and reverse DNS lookups are done
12608 using the same LDAP objects, and a "tree" mode where the forward and
12609 reverse entries are in two different subtrees in LDAP with a structure
12610 based on the DNS names, as in tjener.intern and
12611 2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa.</p>
12612
12613 <p>In tree mode, the server is set up to use a LDAP subtree as its
12614 base, and uses a "base" scoped search for the DNS name by adding
12615 "dc=tjener,dc=intern," to the base with a filter for
12616 "(associateddomain=tjener.intern)" for the forward entry and
12617 "dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa," with a filter for
12618 "(associateddomain=2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa)" for the reverse entry.  For
12619 forward entries, it is looking for attributes named dnsttl, arecord,
12620 nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord, ptrrecord, hinforecord, mxrecord,
12621 txtrecord, rprecord, afsdbrecord, keyrecord, aaaarecord, locrecord,
12622 srvrecord, naptrrecord, kxrecord, certrecord, dsrecord, sshfprecord,
12623 ipseckeyrecord, rrsigrecord, nsecrecord, dnskeyrecord, dhcidrecord,
12624 spfrecord and modifytimestamp.  For reverse entries it is looking for
12625 the attributes dnsttl, arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord,
12626 ptrrecord, hinforecord, mxrecord, txtrecord, rprecord, aaaarecord,
12627 locrecord, srvrecord, naptrrecord and modifytimestamp.  The equivalent
12628 ldapsearch commands could look like this:</p>
12629
12630 <blockquote><pre>
12631 ldapsearch -h ldap \
12632   -b dc=tjener,dc=intern,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no \
12633   -s base -x '(associateddomain=tjener.intern)' dNSTTL aRecord nSRecord \
12634   cNAMERecord sOARecord pTRRecord hInfoRecord mXRecord tXTRecord \
12635   rPRecord aFSDBRecord KeyRecord aAAARecord lOCRecord sRVRecord \
12636   nAPTRRecord kXRecord certRecord dSRecord sSHFPRecord iPSecKeyRecord \
12637   rRSIGRecord nSECRecord dNSKeyRecord dHCIDRecord sPFRecord modifyTimestamp
12638
12639 ldapsearch -h ldap \
12640   -b dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no \
12641   -s base -x '(associateddomain=2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa)'
12642   dnsttl, arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord soarecord ptrrecord \
12643   hinforecord mxrecord txtrecord rprecord aaaarecord locrecord \
12644   srvrecord naptrrecord modifytimestamp
12645 </pre></blockquote>
12646
12647 <p>In Debian Edu/Lenny, the PowerDNS tree mode is used with
12648 ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no as the base, and these are two
12649 example LDAP objects used there.  In addition to these objects, the
12650 parent objects all th way up to ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12651 also exist.</p>
12652
12653 <blockquote><pre>
12654 dn: dc=tjener,dc=intern,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12655 objectclass: top
12656 objectclass: dnsdomain
12657 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
12658 dc: tjener
12659 arecord: 10.0.2.2
12660 associateddomain: tjener.intern
12661
12662 dn: dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12663 objectclass: top
12664 objectclass: dnsdomain2
12665 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
12666 dc: 2
12667 ptrrecord: tjener.intern
12668 associateddomain: 2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa
12669 </pre></blockquote>
12670
12671 <p>In strict mode, the server behaves differently.  When looking for
12672 forward DNS entries, it is doing a "subtree" scoped search with the
12673 same base as in the tree mode for a object with filter
12674 "(associateddomain=tjener.intern)" and requests the attributes dnsttl,
12675 arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord, ptrrecord, hinforecord,
12676 mxrecord, txtrecord, rprecord, aaaarecord, locrecord, srvrecord,
12677 naptrrecord and modifytimestamp.  For reverse entires it also do a
12678 subtree scoped search but this time the filter is "(arecord=10.0.2.2)"
12679 and the requested attributes are associateddomain, dnsttl and
12680 modifytimestamp.  In short, in strict mode the objects with ptrrecord
12681 go away, and the arecord attribute in the forward object is used
12682 instead.</p>
12683
12684 <p>The forward and reverse searches can be simulated using ldapsearch
12685 like this:</p>
12686
12687 <blockquote><pre>
12688 ldapsearch -h ldap -b ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no -s sub -x \
12689   '(associateddomain=tjener.intern)' dNSTTL aRecord nSRecord \
12690   cNAMERecord sOARecord pTRRecord hInfoRecord mXRecord tXTRecord \
12691   rPRecord aFSDBRecord KeyRecord aAAARecord lOCRecord sRVRecord \
12692   nAPTRRecord kXRecord certRecord dSRecord sSHFPRecord iPSecKeyRecord \
12693   rRSIGRecord nSECRecord dNSKeyRecord dHCIDRecord sPFRecord modifyTimestamp
12694
12695 ldapsearch -h ldap -b ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no -s sub -x \
12696   '(arecord=10.0.2.2)' associateddomain dnsttl modifytimestamp
12697 </pre></blockquote>
12698
12699 <p>In addition to the forward and reverse searches , there is also a
12700 search for SOA records, which behave similar to the forward and
12701 reverse lookups.</p>
12702
12703 <p>A thing to note with the PowerDNS behaviour is that it do not
12704 specify any objectclass names, and instead look for the attributes it
12705 need to generate a DNS reply.  This make it able to work with any
12706 objectclass that provide the needed attributes.</p>
12707
12708 <p>The attributes are normally provided in the cosine (RFC 1274) and
12709 dnsdomain2 schemas.  The latter is used for reverse entries like
12710 ptrrecord and recent DNS additions like aaaarecord and srvrecord.</p>
12711
12712 <p>In Debian Edu, we have created DNS objects using the object classes
12713 dcobject (for dc), dnsdomain or dnsdomain2 (structural, for the DNS
12714 attributes) and domainrelatedobject (for associatedDomain).  The use
12715 of structural object classes make it impossible to combine these
12716 classes with the object classes used by DHCP.</p>
12717
12718 <p>There are other schemas that could be used too, for example the
12719 dnszone structural object class used by Gosa and bind-sdb for the DNS
12720 attributes combined with the domainrelatedobject object class, but in
12721 this case some unused attributes would have to be included as well
12722 (zonename and relativedomainname).</p>
12723
12724 <p>My proposal for Debian Edu would be to switch PowerDNS to strict
12725 mode and not use any of the existing objectclasses (dnsdomain,
12726 dnsdomain2 and dnszone) when one want to combine the DNS information
12727 with DHCP information, and instead create a auxiliary object class
12728 defined something like this (using the attributes defined for
12729 dnsdomain and dnsdomain2 or dnszone):</p>
12730
12731 <blockquote><pre>
12732 objectclass ( some-oid NAME 'dnsDomainAux'
12733     SUP top
12734     AUXILIARY
12735     MAY ( ARecord $ MDRecord $ MXRecord $ NSRecord $ SOARecord $ CNAMERecord $
12736           DNSTTL $ DNSClass $ PTRRecord $ HINFORecord $ MINFORecord $
12737           TXTRecord $ SIGRecord $ KEYRecord $ AAAARecord $ LOCRecord $
12738           NXTRecord $ SRVRecord $ NAPTRRecord $ KXRecord $ CERTRecord $
12739           A6Record $ DNAMERecord
12740     ))
12741 </pre></blockquote>
12742
12743 <p>This will allow any object to become a DNS entry when combined with
12744 the domainrelatedobject object class, and allow any entity to include
12745 all the attributes PowerDNS wants.  I've sent an email to the PowerDNS
12746 developers asking for their view on this schema and if they are
12747 interested in providing such schema with PowerDNS, and I hope my
12748 message will be accepted into their mailing list soon.</p>
12749
12750 <p><strong>ISC dhcp</strong></p>
12751
12752 <p>The DHCP server searches for specific objectclass and requests all
12753 the object attributes, and then uses the attributes it want.  This
12754 make it harder to figure out exactly what attributes are used, but
12755 thanks to the working example in Debian Edu I can at least get an idea
12756 what is needed without having to read the source code.</p>
12757
12758 <p>In the DHCP server configuration, the LDAP base to use and the
12759 search filter to use to locate the correct dhcpServer entity is
12760 stored.  These are the relevant entries from
12761 /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf:</p>
12762
12763 <blockquote><pre>
12764 ldap-base-dn "dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no";
12765 ldap-dhcp-server-cn "dhcp";
12766 </pre></blockquote>
12767
12768 <p>The DHCP server uses this information to nest all the DHCP
12769 configuration it need.  The cn "dhcp" is located using the given LDAP
12770 base and the filter "(&(objectClass=dhcpServer)(cn=dhcp))".  The
12771 search result is this entry:</p>
12772
12773 <blockquote><pre>
12774 dn: cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12775 cn: dhcp
12776 objectClass: top
12777 objectClass: dhcpServer
12778 dhcpServiceDN: cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12779 </pre></blockquote>
12780
12781 <p>The content of the dhcpServiceDN attribute is next used to locate the
12782 subtree with DHCP configuration.  The DHCP configuration subtree base
12783 is located using a base scope search with base "cn=DHCP
12784 Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no" and filter
12785 "(&(objectClass=dhcpService)(|(dhcpPrimaryDN=cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no)(dhcpSecondaryDN=cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no)))".
12786 The search result is this entry:</p>
12787
12788 <blockquote><pre>
12789 dn: cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12790 cn: DHCP Config
12791 objectClass: top
12792 objectClass: dhcpService
12793 objectClass: dhcpOptions
12794 dhcpPrimaryDN: cn=dhcp, dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12795 dhcpStatements: ddns-update-style none
12796 dhcpStatements: authoritative
12797 dhcpOption: smtp-server code 69 = array of ip-address
12798 dhcpOption: www-server code 72 = array of ip-address
12799 dhcpOption: wpad-url code 252 = text
12800 </pre></blockquote>
12801
12802 <p>Next, the entire subtree is processed, one level at the time.  When
12803 all the DHCP configuration is loaded, it is ready to receive requests.
12804 The subtree in Debian Edu contain objects with object classes
12805 top/dhcpService/dhcpOptions, top/dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions,
12806 top/dhcpSubnet, top/dhcpGroup and top/dhcpHost.  These provide options
12807 and information about netmasks, dynamic range etc.  Leaving out the
12808 details here because it is not relevant for the focus of my
12809 investigation, which is to see if it is possible to merge dns and dhcp
12810 related computer objects.</p>
12811
12812 <p>When a DHCP request come in, LDAP is searched for the MAC address
12813 of the client (00:00:00:00:00:00 in this example), using a subtree
12814 scoped search with "cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no" as
12815 the base and "(&(objectClass=dhcpHost)(dhcpHWAddress=ethernet
12816 00:00:00:00:00:00))" as the filter.  This is what a host object look
12817 like:</p>
12818
12819 <blockquote><pre>
12820 dn: cn=hostname,cn=group1,cn=THINCLIENTS,cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12821 cn: hostname
12822 objectClass: top
12823 objectClass: dhcpHost
12824 dhcpHWAddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
12825 dhcpStatements: fixed-address hostname
12826 </pre></blockquote>
12827
12828 <p>There is less flexiblity in the way LDAP searches are done here.
12829 The object classes need to have fixed names, and the configuration
12830 need to be stored in a fairly specific LDAP structure.  On the
12831 positive side, the invidiual dhcpHost entires can be anywhere without
12832 the DN pointed to by the dhcpServer entries.  The latter should make
12833 it possible to group all host entries in a subtree next to the
12834 configuration entries, and this subtree can also be shared with the
12835 DNS server if the schema proposed above is combined with the dhcpHost
12836 structural object class.
12837
12838 <p><strong>Conclusion</strong></p>
12839
12840 <p>The PowerDNS implementation seem to be very flexible when it come
12841 to which LDAP schemas to use.  While its "tree" mode is rigid when it
12842 come to the the LDAP structure, the "strict" mode is very flexible,
12843 allowing DNS objects to be stored anywhere under the base cn specified
12844 in the configuration.</p>
12845
12846 <p>The DHCP implementation on the other hand is very inflexible, both
12847 regarding which LDAP schemas to use and which LDAP structure to use.
12848 I guess one could implement ones own schema, as long as the
12849 objectclasses and attributes have the names used, but this do not
12850 really help when the DHCP subtree need to have a fairly fixed
12851 structure.</p>
12852
12853 <p>Based on the observed behaviour, I suspect a LDAP structure like
12854 this might work for Debian Edu:</p>
12855
12856 <blockquote><pre>
12857 ou=services
12858   cn=machine-info (dhcpService) - dhcpServiceDN points here
12859     cn=dhcp (dhcpServer)
12860     cn=dhcp-internal (dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions)
12861       cn=10.0.2.0 (dhcpSubnet)
12862         cn=group1 (dhcpGroup/dhcpOptions)
12863     cn=dhcp-thinclients (dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions)
12864       cn=192.168.0.0 (dhcpSubnet)
12865         cn=group1 (dhcpGroup/dhcpOptions)
12866     ou=machines - PowerDNS base points here
12867       cn=hostname (dhcpHost/domainrelatedobject/dnsDomainAux)
12868 </pre></blockquote>
12869
12870 <P>This is not tested yet.  If the DHCP server require the dhcpHost
12871 entries to be in the dhcpGroup subtrees, the entries can be stored
12872 there instead of a common machines subtree, and the PowerDNS base
12873 would have to be moved one level up to the machine-info subtree.</p>
12874
12875 <p>The combined object under the machines subtree would look something
12876 like this:</p>
12877
12878 <blockquote><pre>
12879 dn: dc=hostname,ou=machines,cn=machine-info,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12880 dc: hostname
12881 objectClass: top
12882 objectClass: dhcpHost
12883 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
12884 objectclass: dnsDomainAux
12885 associateddomain: hostname.intern
12886 arecord: 10.11.12.13
12887 dhcpHWAddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
12888 dhcpStatements: fixed-address hostname.intern
12889 </pre></blockquote>
12890
12891 </p>One could even add the LTSP configuration associated with a given
12892 machine, as long as the required attributes are available in a
12893 auxiliary object class.</p>
12894
12895       </div>
12896       <div class="tags">
12897
12898
12899         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12900
12901
12902       </div>
12903     </div>
12904     <div class="padding"></div>
12905
12906     <div class="entry">
12907       <div class="title">
12908         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Combining_PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_LDAP_objects.html">Combining PowerDNS and ISC DHCP LDAP objects</a>
12909       </div>
12910       <div class="date">
12911         14th July 2010
12912       </div>
12913       <div class="body">
12914         <p>For a while now, I have wanted to find a way to change the DNS and
12915 DHCP services in Debian Edu to use the same LDAP objects for a given
12916 computer, to avoid the possibility of having a inconsistent state for
12917 a computer in LDAP (as in DHCP but no DNS entry or the other way
12918 around) and make it easier to add computers to LDAP.</p>
12919
12920 <p>I've looked at how powerdns and dhcpd is using LDAP, and using this
12921 information finally found a solution that seem to work.</p>
12922
12923 <p>The old setup required three LDAP objects for a given computer.
12924 One forward DNS entry, one reverse DNS entry and one DHCP entry.  If
12925 we switch powerdns to use its strict LDAP method (ldap-method=strict
12926 in pdns-debian-edu.conf), the forward and reverse DNS entries are
12927 merged into one while making it impossible to transfer the reverse map
12928 to a slave DNS server.</p>
12929
12930 <p>If we also replace the object class used to get the DNS related
12931 attributes to one allowing these attributes to be combined with the
12932 dhcphost object class, we can merge the DNS and DHCP entries into one.
12933 I've written such object class in the dnsdomainaux.schema file (need
12934 proper OIDs, but that is a minor issue), and tested the setup.  It
12935 seem to work.</p>
12936
12937 <p>With this test setup in place, we can get away with one LDAP object
12938 for both DNS and DHCP, and even the LTSP configuration I suggested in
12939 an earlier email.  The combined LDAP object will look something like
12940 this:</p>
12941
12942 <blockquote><pre>
12943   dn: cn=hostname,cn=group1,cn=THINCLIENTS,cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12944   cn: hostname
12945   objectClass: dhcphost
12946   objectclass: domainrelatedobject
12947   objectclass: dnsdomainaux
12948   associateddomain: hostname.intern
12949   arecord: 10.11.12.13
12950   dhcphwaddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
12951   dhcpstatements: fixed-address hostname
12952   ldapconfigsound: Y
12953 </pre></blockquote>
12954
12955 <p>The DNS server uses the associateddomain and arecord entries, while
12956 the DHCP server uses the dhcphwaddress and dhcpstatements entries
12957 before asking DNS to resolve the fixed-adddress.  LTSP will use
12958 dhcphwaddress or associateddomain and the ldapconfig* attributes.</p>
12959
12960 <p>I am not yet sure if I can get the DHCP server to look for its
12961 dhcphost in a different location, to allow us to put the objects
12962 outside the "DHCP Config" subtree, but hope to figure out a way to do
12963 that.  If I can't figure out a way to do that, we can still get rid of
12964 the hosts subtree and move all its content into the DHCP Config tree
12965 (which probably should be renamed to be more related to the new
12966 content.  I suspect cn=dnsdhcp,ou=services or something like that
12967 might be a good place to put it.</p>
12968
12969 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
12970 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12971
12972       </div>
12973       <div class="tags">
12974
12975
12976         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12977
12978
12979       </div>
12980     </div>
12981     <div class="padding"></div>
12982
12983     <div class="entry">
12984       <div class="title">
12985         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_storing_LTSP_configuration_in_LDAP.html">Idea for storing LTSP configuration in LDAP</a>
12986       </div>
12987       <div class="date">
12988         11th July 2010
12989       </div>
12990       <div class="body">
12991         <p>Vagrant mentioned on IRC today that ltsp_config now support
12992 sourcing files from /usr/share/ltsp/ltsp_config.d/ on the thin
12993 clients, and that this can be used to fetch configuration from LDAP if
12994 Debian Edu choose to store configuration there.</p>
12995
12996 <p>Armed with this information, I got inspired and wrote a test module
12997 to get configuration from LDAP.  The idea is to look up the MAC
12998 address of the client in LDAP, and look for attributes on the form
12999 ltspconfigsetting=value, and use this to export SETTING=value to the
13000 LTSP clients.</p>
13001
13002 <p>The goal is to be able to store the LTSP configuration attributes
13003 in a "computer" LDAP object used by both DNS and DHCP, and thus
13004 allowing us to store all information about a computer in one place.</p>
13005
13006 <p>This is a untested draft implementation, and I welcome feedback on
13007 this approach.  A real LDAP schema for the ltspClientAux objectclass
13008 need to be written.  Comments, suggestions, etc?</p>
13009
13010 <blockquote><pre>
13011 # Store in /opt/ltsp/$arch/usr/share/ltsp/ltsp_config.d/ldap-config
13012 #
13013 # Fetch LTSP client settings from LDAP based on MAC address
13014 #
13015 # Uses ethernet address as stored in the dhcpHost objectclass using
13016 # the dhcpHWAddress attribute or ethernet address stored in the
13017 # ieee802Device objectclass with the macAddress attribute.
13018 #
13019 # This module is written to be schema agnostic, and only depend on the
13020 # existence of attribute names.
13021 #
13022 # The LTSP configuration variables are saved directly using a
13023 # ltspConfig prefix and uppercasing the rest of the attribute name.
13024 # To set the SERVER variable, set the ltspConfigServer attribute.
13025 #
13026 # Some LDAP schema should be created with all the relevant
13027 # configuration settings.  Something like this should work:
13028 #
13029 # objectclass ( 1.1.2.2 NAME 'ltspClientAux'
13030 #     SUP top
13031 #     AUXILIARY
13032 #     MAY ( ltspConfigServer $ ltsConfigSound $ ... )
13033
13034 LDAPSERVER=$(debian-edu-ldapserver)
13035 if [ "$LDAPSERVER" ] ; then
13036     LDAPBASE=$(debian-edu-ldapserver -b)
13037     for MAC in $(LANG=C ifconfig |grep -i hwaddr| awk '{print $5}'|sort -u) ; do
13038         filter="(|(dhcpHWAddress=ethernet $MAC)(macAddress=$MAC))"
13039         ldapsearch -h "$LDAPSERVER" -b "$LDAPBASE" -v -x "$filter" | \
13040             grep '^ltspConfig' | while read attr value ; do
13041             # Remove prefix and convert to upper case
13042             attr=$(echo $attr | sed 's/^ltspConfig//i' | tr a-z A-Z)
13043             # bass value on to clients
13044             eval "$attr=$value; export $attr"
13045         done
13046     done
13047 fi
13048 </pre></blockquote>
13049
13050 <p>I'm not sure this shell construction will work, because I suspect
13051 the while block might end up in a subshell causing the variables set
13052 there to not show up in ltsp-config, but if that is the case I am sure
13053 the code can be restructured to make sure the variables are passed on.
13054 I expect that can be solved with some testing. :)</p>
13055
13056 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
13057 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
13058
13059 <p>Update 2010-07-17: I am aware of another effort to store LTSP
13060 configuration in LDAP that was created around year 2000 by
13061 <a href="http://www.pcxperience.com/thinclient/documentation/ldap.html">PC
13062 Xperience, Inc., 2000</a>.  I found its
13063 <a href="http://people.redhat.com/alikins/ltsp/ldap/">files</a> on a
13064 personal home page over at redhat.com.</p>
13065
13066       </div>
13067       <div class="tags">
13068
13069
13070         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13071
13072
13073       </div>
13074     </div>
13075     <div class="padding"></div>
13076
13077     <div class="entry">
13078       <div class="title">
13079         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/jXplorer__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">jXplorer, a very nice LDAP GUI</a>
13080       </div>
13081       <div class="date">
13082          9th July 2010
13083       </div>
13084       <div class="body">
13085         <p>Since
13086 <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/LUMA__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">my
13087 last post</a> about available LDAP tools in Debian, I was told about a
13088 LDAP GUI that is even better than luma.  The java application
13089 <a href="http://jxplorer.org/">jXplorer</a> is claimed to be capable of
13090 moving LDAP objects and subtrees using drag-and-drop, and can
13091 authenticate using Kerberos.  I have only tested the Kerberos
13092 authentication, but do not have a LDAP setup allowing me to rewrite
13093 LDAP with my test user yet.  It is
13094 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/j/jxplorer.html">available in
13095 Debian</a> testing and unstable at the moment.  The only problem I
13096 have with it is how it handle errors.  If something go wrong, its
13097 non-intuitive behaviour require me to go through some query work list
13098 and remove the failing query.  Nothing big, but very annoying.</p>
13099
13100       </div>
13101       <div class="tags">
13102
13103
13104         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13105
13106
13107       </div>
13108     </div>
13109     <div class="padding"></div>
13110
13111     <div class="entry">
13112       <div class="title">
13113         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__apt_vs_aptitude_with_the_Gnome_desktop.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, apt vs aptitude with the Gnome desktop</a>
13114       </div>
13115       <div class="date">
13116          3rd July 2010
13117       </div>
13118       <div class="body">
13119         <p>Here is a short update on my <a
13120 href="https://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">my
13121 Debian Lenny->Squeeze upgrade testing</a>.  Here is a summary of the
13122 difference for Gnome when it is upgraded by apt-get and aptitude.  I'm
13123 not reporting the status for KDE, because the upgrade crashes when
13124 aptitude try because of missing conflicts
13125 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584861">#584861</a> and
13126 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/585716">#585716</a>).</p>
13127
13128 <p>At the end of the upgrade test script, dpkg -l is executed to get a
13129 complete list of the installed packages.  Based on this I see these
13130 differences when I did a test run today.  As usual, I do not really
13131 know what the correct set of packages would be, but thought it best to
13132 publish the difference.</p>
13133
13134 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
13135
13136 <blockquote><p>
13137   at-spi cpp-4.3 finger gnome-spell gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
13138   libatspi1.0-0 libcupsys2 libeel2-data libgail-common libgdl-1-common
13139   libgnomeprint2.2-data libgnomeprintui2.2-common libgnomevfs2-bin
13140   libgtksourceview-common libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa
13141   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libservlet2.4-java libxalan2-java
13142   libxerces2-java openoffice.org-writer2latex openssl-blacklist p7zip
13143   python-4suite-xml python-eggtrayicon python-gtkhtml2
13144   python-gtkmozembed svgalibg1 xserver-xephyr zip
13145 </p></blockquote>
13146
13147 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
13148
13149 <blockquote><p>
13150   bluez-utils dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop epiphany-gecko
13151   gnome-app-install gnome-mount gnome-vfs-obexftp gnome-volume-manager
13152   libao2 libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5 libbind9-50
13153   libbluetooth2 libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7 libcucul0 libcurl3
13154   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdvdread3 libedata-cal1.2-6 libedataserver1.2-9
13155   libeel2-2.20 libepc-1.0-1 libepc-ui-1.0-1 libexchange-storage1.2-3
13156   libfaad0 libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libggz2 libggzcore9
13157   libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0 libgnome-desktop-2
13158   libgnome-pilot2 libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomeprint2.2-0
13159   libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtkhtml2-0
13160   libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgucharmap6 libhesiod0 libicu38 libisccc50
13161   libisccfg50 libiw29 libkpathsea4 libltdl3 liblwres50 libmagick++10
13162   libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmtp7 libmysqlclient15off libnautilus-burn4
13163   libneon27 libnm-glib0 libnm-util0 libopal-2.2 libosp5
13164   libparted1.8-10 libpisock9 libpisync1 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3
13165   libpt-1.10.10 libraw1394-8 libsensors3 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8
13166   libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1
13167   libtotem-plparser10 libtrackerclient0 libvoikko1 libxalan2-java-gcj
13168   libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12 libxtrap6 libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3
13169   mysql-common swfdec-gnome totem-gstreamer wodim
13170 </p></blockquote>
13171
13172 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
13173
13174 <blockquote><p>
13175   gnome gnome-desktop-environment hamster-applet python-gnomeapplet
13176   python-gnomekeyring python-wnck rhythmbox-plugins xorg
13177   xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
13178   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
13179   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-video-all
13180   xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark xserver-xorg-video-ati
13181   xserver-xorg-video-chips xserver-xorg-video-cirrus
13182   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
13183   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
13184   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-mach64
13185   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
13186   xserver-xorg-video-nouveau xserver-xorg-video-nv
13187   xserver-xorg-video-r128 xserver-xorg-video-radeon
13188   xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd xserver-xorg-video-rendition
13189   xserver-xorg-video-s3 xserver-xorg-video-s3virge
13190   xserver-xorg-video-savage xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion
13191   xserver-xorg-video-sis xserver-xorg-video-sisusb
13192   xserver-xorg-video-tdfx xserver-xorg-video-tga
13193   xserver-xorg-video-trident xserver-xorg-video-tseng
13194   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vmware
13195   xserver-xorg-video-voodoo
13196 </p></blockquote>
13197
13198 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
13199
13200 <blockquote><p>
13201   deskbar-applet xserver-xorg xserver-xorg-core
13202   xserver-xorg-input-wacom xserver-xorg-video-intel
13203   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome
13204 </p></blockquote>
13205
13206 <p>I was told on IRC that the xorg-xserver package was
13207 <a href="http://git.debian.org/?p=pkg-xorg/xserver/xorg-server.git;a=commit;h=9c8080d06c457932d3bfec021c69ac000aa60120">changed
13208 in git</a> today to try to get apt-get to not remove xorg completely.
13209 No idea when it hits Squeeze, but when it does I hope it will reduce
13210 the difference somewhat.
13211
13212       </div>
13213       <div class="tags">
13214
13215
13216         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13217
13218
13219       </div>
13220     </div>
13221     <div class="padding"></div>
13222
13223     <div class="entry">
13224       <div class="title">
13225         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Caching_password__user_and_group_on_a_roaming_Debian_laptop.html">Caching password, user and group on a roaming Debian laptop</a>
13226       </div>
13227       <div class="date">
13228          1st July 2010
13229       </div>
13230       <div class="body">
13231         <p>For a laptop, centralized user directories and password checking is
13232 a bit troubling.  Laptops are typically used also when not connected
13233 to the network, and it is vital for a user to be able to log in or
13234 unlock the screen saver also when a central server is unavailable.
13235 This is possible by caching passwords and directory information (user
13236 and group attributes) locally, and the packages to do so are available
13237 in Debian.  Here follow two recipes to set this up in Debian/Squeeze.
13238 It is also possible to set up in Debian/Lenny, but require more manual
13239 setup there because pam-auth-update is missing in Lenny.</p>
13240
13241 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + nscd + libpam-ccreds + libpam-mklocaluser/pam_mkhomedir</h2>
13242
13243 This is the traditional method with a twist.  The password caching is
13244 provided by libpam-ccreds (version 10-4 or later is needed on
13245 Squeeze), and the directory caching is done by nscd.  The directory
13246 lookup and password checking is done using LDAP.  If one want to use
13247 Kerberos for password checking the libpam-ldapd package can be
13248 replaced with libpam-krb5 or libpam-heimdal.  If one is happy having a
13249 local home directory with the path listed in LDAP, one can use the
13250 pam_mkhomedir module from pam-modules to make this happen instead of
13251 using libpam-mklocaluser.  A setup for pam-auth-update to enable
13252 pam_mkhomedir will have to be written until a fix for
13253 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/568577">bug #568577</a> is in the
13254 archive.  Because I believe it is a bad idea to have local home
13255 directories using misleading paths like /site/server/partition/, I
13256 prefer to create a local user with the home directory in /home/.  This
13257 is done using the libpam-mklocaluser package.</p>
13258
13259 <p>These packages need to be installed and configured</p>
13260
13261 <blockquote><pre>
13262 libnss-ldapd libpam-ldapd nscd libpam-ccreds libpam-mklocaluser
13263 </pre></blockquote>
13264
13265 <p>The ldapd packages will ask for LDAP connection information, and
13266 one have to fill in the values that fits ones own site.  Make sure the
13267 PAM part uses encrypted connections, to make sure the password is not
13268 sent in clear text to the LDAP server.  I've been unable to get TLS
13269 certificate checking for a self signed certificate working, which make
13270 LDAP authentication unsafe for Debian Edu (nslcd is not checking if it
13271 is talking to the correct LDAP server), and very much welcome feedback
13272 on how to get this working.</p>
13273
13274 <p>Because nscd do not have a default configuration fit for offline
13275 caching until <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/485282">bug #485282</a>
13276 is fixed, this configuration should be used instead of the one
13277 currently in /etc/nscd.conf.  The changes are in the fields
13278 reload-count and positive-time-to-live, and is based on the
13279 instructions I found in the
13280 <a href="http://www.flyn.org/laptopldap/">LDAP for Mobile Laptops</a>
13281 instructions by Flyn Computing.</p>
13282
13283 <blockquote><pre>
13284         debug-level             0
13285         reload-count            unlimited
13286         paranoia                no
13287
13288         enable-cache            passwd          yes
13289         positive-time-to-live   passwd          2592000
13290         negative-time-to-live   passwd          20
13291         suggested-size          passwd          211
13292         check-files             passwd          yes
13293         persistent              passwd          yes
13294         shared                  passwd          yes
13295         max-db-size             passwd          33554432
13296         auto-propagate          passwd          yes
13297
13298         enable-cache            group           yes
13299         positive-time-to-live   group           2592000
13300         negative-time-to-live   group           20
13301         suggested-size          group           211
13302         check-files             group           yes
13303         persistent              group           yes
13304         shared                  group           yes
13305         max-db-size             group           33554432
13306         auto-propagate          group           yes
13307
13308         enable-cache            hosts           no
13309         positive-time-to-live   hosts           2592000
13310         negative-time-to-live   hosts           20
13311         suggested-size          hosts           211
13312         check-files             hosts           yes
13313         persistent              hosts           yes
13314         shared                  hosts           yes
13315         max-db-size             hosts           33554432
13316
13317         enable-cache            services        yes
13318         positive-time-to-live   services        2592000
13319         negative-time-to-live   services        20
13320         suggested-size          services        211
13321         check-files             services        yes
13322         persistent              services        yes
13323         shared                  services        yes
13324         max-db-size             services        33554432
13325 </pre></blockquote>
13326
13327 <p>While we wait for a mechanism to update /etc/nsswitch.conf
13328 automatically like the one provided in
13329 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/496915">bug #496915</a>, the file
13330 content need to be manually replaced to ensure LDAP is used as the
13331 directory service on the machine.  /etc/nsswitch.conf should normally
13332 look like this:</p>
13333
13334 <blockquote><pre>
13335 passwd:         files ldap
13336 group:          files ldap
13337 shadow:         files ldap
13338 hosts:          files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns mdns4
13339 networks:       files
13340 protocols:      files
13341 services:       files
13342 ethers:         files
13343 rpc:            files
13344 netgroup:       files ldap
13345 </pre></blockquote>
13346
13347 <p>The important parts are that ldap is listed last for passwd, group,
13348 shadow and netgroup.</p>
13349
13350 <p>With these changes in place, any user in LDAP will be able to log
13351 in locally on the machine using for example kdm, get a local home
13352 directory created and have the password as well as user and group
13353 attributes cached.
13354
13355 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + nss-updatedb + libpam-ccreds +
13356   libpam-mklocaluser/pam_mkhomedir</h2>
13357
13358 <p>Because nscd have had its share of problems, and seem to have
13359 problems doing proper caching, I've seen suggestions and recipes to
13360 use nss-updatedb to copy parts of the LDAP database locally when the
13361 LDAP database is available.  I have not tested such setup, because I
13362 discovered sssd.</p>
13363
13364 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + sssd + libpam-mklocaluser</h2>
13365
13366 <p>A more flexible and robust setup than the nscd combination
13367 mentioned earlier that has shown up recently, is the
13368 <a href="https://fedorahosted.org/sssd/">sssd</a> package from Redhat.
13369 It is part of the <a href="http://www.freeipa.org/">FreeIPA</A> project
13370 to provide a Active Directory like directory service for Linux
13371 machines.  The sssd system combines the caching of passwords and user
13372 information into one package, and remove the need for nscd and
13373 libpam-ccreds.  It support LDAP and Kerberos, but not NIS.  Version
13374 1.2 do not support netgroups, but it is said that it will support this
13375 in version 1.5 expected to show up later in 2010.  Because the
13376 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/sssd.html">sssd package</a>
13377 was missing in Debian, I ended up co-maintaining it with Werner, and
13378 version 1.2 is now in testing.
13379
13380 <p>These packages need to be installed and configured to get the
13381 roaming setup I want</p>
13382
13383 <blockquote><pre>
13384 libpam-sss libnss-sss libpam-mklocaluser
13385 </pre></blockquote>
13386
13387 The complete setup of sssd is done by editing/creating
13388 <tt>/etc/sssd/sssd.conf</tt>.
13389
13390 <blockquote><pre>
13391 [sssd]
13392 config_file_version = 2
13393 reconnection_retries = 3
13394 sbus_timeout = 30
13395 services = nss, pam
13396 domains = INTERN
13397
13398 [nss]
13399 filter_groups = root
13400 filter_users = root
13401 reconnection_retries = 3
13402
13403 [pam]
13404 reconnection_retries = 3
13405
13406 [domain/INTERN]
13407 enumerate = false
13408 cache_credentials = true
13409
13410 id_provider = ldap
13411 auth_provider = ldap
13412 chpass_provider = ldap
13413
13414 ldap_uri = ldap://ldap
13415 ldap_search_base = dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
13416 ldap_tls_reqcert = never
13417 ldap_tls_cacert = /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt
13418 </pre></blockquote>
13419
13420 <p>I got the same problem here with certificate checking.  Had to set
13421 "ldap_tls_reqcert = never" to get it working.</p>
13422
13423 <p>With the libnss-sss package in testing at the moment, the
13424 nsswitch.conf file is update automatically, so there is no need to
13425 modify it manually.</p>
13426
13427 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
13428 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
13429
13430       </div>
13431       <div class="tags">
13432
13433
13434         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13435
13436
13437       </div>
13438     </div>
13439     <div class="padding"></div>
13440
13441     <div class="entry">
13442       <div class="title">
13443         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/LUMA__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">LUMA, a very nice LDAP GUI</a>
13444       </div>
13445       <div class="date">
13446         28th June 2010
13447       </div>
13448       <div class="body">
13449         <p>The last few days I have been looking into the status of the LDAP
13450 directory in Debian Edu, and in the process I started to miss a GUI
13451 tool to browse the LDAP tree.  The only one I was able to find in
13452 Debian/Squeeze and Lenny is
13453 <a href="http://luma.sourceforge.net/">LUMA</a>, which has proved to
13454 be a great tool to get a overview of the current LDAP directory
13455 populated by default in Skolelinux.  Thanks to it, I have been able to
13456 find empty and obsolete subtrees, misplaced objects and duplicate
13457 objects.  It will be installed by default in Debian/Squeeze.  If you
13458 are working with LDAP, give it a go. :)</p>
13459
13460 <p>I did notice one problem with it I have not had time to report to
13461 the BTS yet.  There is no .desktop file in the package, so the tool do
13462 not show up in the Gnome and KDE menus, but only deep down in in the
13463 Debian submenu in KDE.  I hope that can be fixed before Squeeze is
13464 released.</p>
13465
13466 <p>I have not yet been able to get it to modify the tree yet.  I would
13467 like to move objects and remove subtrees directly in the GUI, but have
13468 not found a way to do that with LUMA yet.  So in the mean time, I use
13469 <a href="http://www.lichteblau.com/ldapvi/">ldapvi</a> for that.</p>
13470
13471 <p>If you have tips on other GUI tools for LDAP that might be useful
13472 in Debian Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
13473
13474 <p>Update 2010-06-29: Ross Reedstrom tipped us about the
13475 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/g/gq.html">gq</a> package as a
13476 useful GUI alternative.  It seem like a good tool, but is unmaintained
13477 in Debian and got a RC bug keeping it out of Squeeze.  Unless that
13478 changes, it will not be an option for Debian Edu based on Squeeze.</p>
13479
13480       </div>
13481       <div class="tags">
13482
13483
13484         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13485
13486
13487       </div>
13488     </div>
13489     <div class="padding"></div>
13490
13491     <div class="entry">
13492       <div class="title">
13493         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_a_change_to_LDAP_schemas_allowing_DNS_and_DHCP_info_to_be_combined_into_one_object.html">Idea for a change to LDAP schemas allowing DNS and DHCP info to be combined into one object</a>
13494       </div>
13495       <div class="date">
13496         24th June 2010
13497       </div>
13498       <div class="body">
13499         <p>A while back, I
13500 <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">complained
13501 about the fact</a> that it is not possible with the provided schemas
13502 for storing DNS and DHCP information in LDAP to combine the two sets
13503 of information into one LDAP object representing a computer.</p>
13504
13505 <p>In the mean time, I discovered that a simple fix would be to make
13506 the dhcpHost object class auxiliary, to allow it to be combined with
13507 the dNSDomain object class, and thus forming one object for one
13508 computer when storing both DHCP and DNS information in LDAP.</p>
13509
13510 <p>If I understand this correctly, it is not safe to do this change
13511 without also changing the assigned number for the object class, and I
13512 do not know enough about LDAP schema design to do that properly for
13513 Debian Edu.</p>
13514
13515 <p>Anyway, for future reference, this is how I believe we could change
13516 the
13517 <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-dhc-ldap-schema-00">DHCP
13518 schema</a> to solve at least part of the problem with the LDAP schemas
13519 available today from IETF.</p>
13520
13521 <pre>
13522 --- dhcp.schema    (revision 65192)
13523 +++ dhcp.schema    (working copy)
13524 @@ -376,7 +376,7 @@
13525  objectclass ( 2.16.840.1.113719.1.203.6.6
13526         NAME 'dhcpHost'
13527         DESC 'This represents information about a particular client'
13528 -       SUP top
13529 +       SUP top AUXILIARY
13530         MUST cn
13531         MAY  (dhcpLeaseDN $ dhcpHWAddress $ dhcpOptionsDN $ dhcpStatements $ dhcpComments $ dhcpOption)
13532         X-NDS_CONTAINMENT ('dhcpService' 'dhcpSubnet' 'dhcpGroup') )
13533 </pre>
13534
13535 <p>I very much welcome clues on how to do this properly for Debian
13536 Edu/Squeeze.  We provide the DHCP schema in our debian-edu-config
13537 package, and should thus be free to rewrite it as we see fit.</p>
13538
13539 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
13540 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
13541
13542       </div>
13543       <div class="tags">
13544
13545
13546         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13547
13548
13549       </div>
13550     </div>
13551     <div class="padding"></div>
13552
13553     <div class="entry">
13554       <div class="title">
13555         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__removals_by_apt_and_aptitude.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, removals by apt and aptitude</a>
13556       </div>
13557       <div class="date">
13558         13th June 2010
13559       </div>
13560       <div class="body">
13561         <p>My
13562 <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_upgrade_testing_from_Lenny_to_Squeeze.html">testing
13563 of Debian upgrades</a> from Lenny to Squeeze continues, and I've
13564 finally made the upgrade logs available from
13565 <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/debian-upgrade-testing/</a>.
13566 I am now testing dist-upgrade of Gnome and KDE in a chroot using both
13567 apt and aptitude, and found their differences interesting.  This time
13568 I will only focus on their removal plans.</p>
13569
13570 <p>After installing a Gnome desktop and the laptop task, apt-get wants
13571 to remove 72 packages when dist-upgrading from Lenny to Squeeze.  The
13572 surprising part is that it want to remove xorg and all
13573 xserver-xorg-video* drivers.  Clearly not a good choice, but I am not
13574 sure why.  When asking aptitude to do the same, it want to remove 129
13575 packages, but most of them are library packages I suspect are no
13576 longer needed.  Both of them want to remove bluetooth packages, which
13577 I do not know.  Perhaps these bluetooth packages are obsolete?</p>
13578
13579 <p>For KDE, apt-get want to remove 82 packages, among them kdebase
13580 which seem like a bad idea and xorg the same way as with Gnome. Asking
13581 aptitude for the same, it wants to remove 192 packages, none which are
13582 too surprising.</p>
13583
13584 <p>I guess the removal of xorg during upgrades should be investigated
13585 and avoided, and perhaps others as well.  Here are the complete list
13586 of planned removals.  The complete logs is available from the URL
13587 above.  Note if you want to repeat these tests, that the upgrade test
13588 for kde+apt-get hung in the tasksel setup because of dpkg asking
13589 conffile questions.  No idea why.  I worked around it by using
13590 '<tt>echo >> /proc/<em>pidofdpkg</em>/fd/0</tt>' to tell dpkg to
13591 continue.</p>
13592
13593 <p><b>apt-get gnome 72</b>
13594 <br>bluez-gnome cupsddk-drivers deskbar-applet gnome
13595   gnome-desktop-environment gnome-network-admin gtkhtml3.14
13596   iceweasel-gnome-support libavcodec51 libdatrie0 libgdl-1-0
13597   libgnomekbd2 libgnomekbdui2 libmetacity0 libslab0 libxcb-xlib0
13598   nautilus-cd-burner python-gnome2-desktop python-gnome2-extras
13599   serpentine swfdec-mozilla update-manager xorg xserver-xorg
13600   xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
13601   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
13602   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-input-wacom
13603   xserver-xorg-video-all xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark
13604   xserver-xorg-video-ati xserver-xorg-video-chips
13605   xserver-xorg-video-cirrus xserver-xorg-video-cyrix
13606   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
13607   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
13608   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-imstt
13609   xserver-xorg-video-intel xserver-xorg-video-mach64
13610   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
13611   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-nv
13612   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome xserver-xorg-video-r128
13613   xserver-xorg-video-radeon xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd
13614   xserver-xorg-video-rendition xserver-xorg-video-s3
13615   xserver-xorg-video-s3virge xserver-xorg-video-savage
13616   xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion xserver-xorg-video-sis
13617   xserver-xorg-video-sisusb xserver-xorg-video-tdfx
13618   xserver-xorg-video-tga xserver-xorg-video-trident
13619   xserver-xorg-video-tseng xserver-xorg-video-v4l
13620   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vga
13621   xserver-xorg-video-vmware xserver-xorg-video-voodoo xulrunner-1.9
13622   xulrunner-1.9-gnome-support</p>
13623
13624 <p><b>aptitude gnome 129</b>
13625
13626 <br>bluez-gnome bluez-utils cpp-4.3 cupsddk-drivers dhcdbd
13627   djvulibre-desktop finger gnome-app-install gnome-mount
13628   gnome-network-admin gnome-spell gnome-vfs-obexftp
13629   gnome-volume-manager gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs gtkhtml3.14 libao2
13630   libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5 libavcodec51 libbluetooth2
13631   libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7 libcucul0 libcupsys2 libcurl3 libdatrie0
13632   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdvdread3 libedataserver1.2-9 libeel2-2.20
13633   libeel2-data libepc-1.0-1 libepc-ui-1.0-1 libfaad0 libgail-common
13634   libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libgdl-1-0 libgdl-1-common
13635   libggz2 libggzcore9 libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0
13636   libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomekbd2 libgnomekbdui2 libgnomeprint2.2-0
13637   libgnomeprint2.2-data libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgnomeprintui2.2-common
13638   libgnomevfs2-bin libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtkhtml2-0
13639   libgtksourceview-common libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgucharmap6
13640   libhesiod0 libicu38 libiw29 libkpathsea4 libltdl3 libmagick++10
13641   libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmetacity0 libmtp7 libmysqlclient15off
13642   libnautilus-burn4 libneon27 libnm-glib0 libnm-util0 libopal-2.2
13643   libosp5 libparted1.8-10 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3 libpt-1.10.10
13644   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libraw1394-8
13645   libsensors3 libslab0 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8 libssh2-1
13646   libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1 libtotem-plparser10
13647   libtrackerclient0 libxalan2-java libxalan2-java-gcj libxcb-xlib0
13648   libxerces2-java libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12 libxtrap6
13649   libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3 mysql-common nautilus-cd-burner
13650   openoffice.org-writer2latex openssl-blacklist p7zip
13651   python-4suite-xml python-eggtrayicon python-gnome2-desktop
13652   python-gnome2-extras python-gtkhtml2 python-gtkmozembed
13653   python-numeric python-sexy serpentine svgalibg1 swfdec-gnome
13654   swfdec-mozilla totem-gstreamer update-manager wodim
13655   xserver-xorg-video-cyrix xserver-xorg-video-imstt
13656   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-v4l xserver-xorg-video-vga
13657   zip</p>
13658
13659 <p><b>apt-get kde 82</b>
13660
13661 <br>cupsddk-drivers karm kaudiocreator kcoloredit kcontrol kde kde-core
13662   kdeaddons kdeartwork kdebase kdebase-bin kdebase-bin-kde3
13663   kdebase-kio-plugins kdesktop kdeutils khelpcenter kicker
13664   kicker-applets knewsticker kolourpaint konq-plugins konqueror korn
13665   kpersonalizer kscreensaver ksplash libavcodec51 libdatrie0 libkiten1
13666   libxcb-xlib0 quanta superkaramba texlive-base-bin xorg xserver-xorg
13667   xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
13668   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
13669   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-input-wacom
13670   xserver-xorg-video-all xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark
13671   xserver-xorg-video-ati xserver-xorg-video-chips
13672   xserver-xorg-video-cirrus xserver-xorg-video-cyrix
13673   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
13674   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
13675   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-imstt
13676   xserver-xorg-video-intel xserver-xorg-video-mach64
13677   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
13678   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-nv
13679   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome xserver-xorg-video-r128
13680   xserver-xorg-video-radeon xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd
13681   xserver-xorg-video-rendition xserver-xorg-video-s3
13682   xserver-xorg-video-s3virge xserver-xorg-video-savage
13683   xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion xserver-xorg-video-sis
13684   xserver-xorg-video-sisusb xserver-xorg-video-tdfx
13685   xserver-xorg-video-tga xserver-xorg-video-trident
13686   xserver-xorg-video-tseng xserver-xorg-video-v4l
13687   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vga
13688   xserver-xorg-video-vmware xserver-xorg-video-voodoo xulrunner-1.9</p>
13689
13690 <p><b>aptitude kde 192</b>
13691 <br>bluez-utils cpp-4.3 cupsddk-drivers cvs dcoprss dhcdbd
13692   djvulibre-desktop dosfstools eyesapplet fifteenapplet finger gettext
13693   ghostscript-x imlib-base imlib11 indi kandy karm kasteroids
13694   kaudiocreator kbackgammon kbstate kcoloredit kcontrol kcron kdat
13695   kdeadmin-kfile-plugins kdeartwork-misc kdeartwork-theme-window
13696   kdebase-bin-kde3 kdebase-kio-plugins kdeedu-data
13697   kdegraphics-kfile-plugins kdelirc kdemultimedia-kappfinder-data
13698   kdemultimedia-kfile-plugins kdenetwork-kfile-plugins
13699   kdepim-kfile-plugins kdepim-kio-plugins kdeprint kdesktop kdessh
13700   kdict kdnssd kdvi kedit keduca kenolaba kfax kfaxview kfouleggs
13701   kghostview khelpcenter khexedit kiconedit kitchensync klatin
13702   klickety kmailcvt kmenuedit kmid kmilo kmoon kmrml kodo kolourpaint
13703   kooka korn kpager kpdf kpercentage kpf kpilot kpoker kpovmodeler
13704   krec kregexpeditor ksayit ksim ksirc ksirtet ksmiletris ksmserver
13705   ksnake ksokoban ksplash ksvg ksysv ktip ktnef kuickshow kverbos
13706   kview kviewshell kvoctrain kwifimanager kwin kwin4 kworldclock
13707   kxsldbg libakode2 libao2 libarts1-akode libarts1-audiofile
13708   libarts1-mpeglib libarts1-xine libavahi-compat-libdnssd1
13709   libavahi-core5 libavc1394-0 libavcodec51 libbluetooth2
13710   libboost-python1.34.1 libcucul0 libcurl3 libcvsservice0 libdatrie0
13711   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdjvulibre21 libdvdread3 libfaad0 libfreebob0
13712   libgail-common libgd2-noxpm libgraphviz4 libgsmme1c2a libgtkhtml2-0
13713   libicu38 libiec61883-0 libindex0 libiw29 libk3b3 libkcal2b libkcddb1
13714   libkdeedu3 libkdepim1a libkgantt0 libkiten1 libkleopatra1 libkmime2
13715   libkpathsea4 libkpimexchange1 libkpimidentities1 libkscan1
13716   libksieve0 libktnef1 liblockdev1 libltdl3 libmagick10 libmimelib1c2a
13717   libmozjs1d libmpcdec3 libneon27 libnm-util0 libopensync0 libpisock9
13718   libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler-qt2 libpoppler3 libraw1394-8 libsmbios2
13719   libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libtalloc1 libtiff-tools
13720   libxalan2-java libxalan2-java-gcj libxcb-xlib0 libxerces2-java
13721   libxerces2-java-gcj libxtrap6 mpeglib networkstatus
13722   openoffice.org-writer2latex pmount poster psutils quanta quanta-data
13723   superkaramba svgalibg1 tex-common texlive-base texlive-base-bin
13724   texlive-common texlive-doc-base texlive-fonts-recommended
13725   xserver-xorg-video-cyrix xserver-xorg-video-imstt
13726   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-v4l xserver-xorg-video-vga
13727   xulrunner-1.9</p>
13728
13729
13730       </div>
13731       <div class="tags">
13732
13733
13734         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13735
13736
13737       </div>
13738     </div>
13739     <div class="padding"></div>
13740
13741     <div class="entry">
13742       <div class="title">
13743         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_upgrade_testing_from_Lenny_to_Squeeze.html">Automatic upgrade testing from Lenny to Squeeze</a>
13744       </div>
13745       <div class="date">
13746         11th June 2010
13747       </div>
13748       <div class="body">
13749         <p>The last few days I have done some upgrade testing in Debian, to
13750 see if the upgrade from Lenny to Squeeze will go smoothly.  A few bugs
13751 have been discovered and reported in the process
13752 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/585410">#585410</a> in nagios3-cgi,
13753 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584879">#584879</a> already fixed in
13754 enscript and <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584861">#584861</a> in
13755 kdebase-workspace-data), and to get a more regular testing going on, I
13756 am working on a script to automate the test.</p>
13757
13758 <p>The idea is to create a Lenny chroot and use tasksel to install a
13759 Gnome or KDE desktop installation inside the chroot before upgrading
13760 it.  To ensure no services are started in the chroot, a policy-rc.d
13761 script is inserted.  To make sure tasksel believe it is to install a
13762 desktop on a laptop, the tasksel tests are replaced in the chroot
13763 (only acceptable because this is a throw-away chroot).</p>
13764
13765 <p>A naive upgrade from Lenny to Squeeze using aptitude dist-upgrade
13766 currently always fail because udev refuses to upgrade with the kernel
13767 in Lenny, so to avoid that problem the file /etc/udev/kernel-upgrade
13768 is created.  The bug report
13769 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/566000">#566000</a> make me suspect
13770 this problem do not trigger in a chroot, but I touch the file anyway
13771 to make sure the upgrade go well.  Testing on virtual and real
13772 hardware have failed me because of udev so far, and creating this file
13773 do the trick in such settings anyway.  This is a
13774 <a href="http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/debian-26/failed-dist-upgrade-due-to-udev-config_sysfs_deprecated-nonsense-804130/">known
13775 issue</a> and the current udev behaviour is intended by the udev
13776 maintainer because he lack the resources to rewrite udev to keep
13777 working with old kernels or something like that.  I really wish the
13778 udev upstream would keep udev backwards compatible, to avoid such
13779 upgrade problem, but given that they fail to do so, I guess
13780 documenting the way out of this mess is the best option we got for
13781 Debian Squeeze.</p>
13782
13783 <p>Anyway, back to the task at hand, testing upgrades.  This test
13784 script, which I call <tt>upgrade-test</tt> for now, is doing the
13785 trick:</p>
13786
13787 <blockquote><pre>
13788 #!/bin/sh
13789 set -ex
13790
13791 if [ "$1" ] ; then
13792     desktop=$1
13793 else
13794     desktop=gnome
13795 fi
13796
13797 from=lenny
13798 to=squeeze
13799
13800 exec &lt; /dev/null
13801 unset LANG
13802 mirror=http://ftp.skolelinux.org/debian
13803 tmpdir=chroot-$from-upgrade-$to-$desktop
13804 fuser -mv .
13805 debootstrap $from $tmpdir $mirror
13806 chroot $tmpdir aptitude update
13807 cat > $tmpdir/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d &lt;&lt;EOF
13808 #!/bin/sh
13809 exit 101
13810 EOF
13811 chmod a+rx $tmpdir/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d
13812 exit_cleanup() {
13813     umount $tmpdir/proc
13814 }
13815 mount -t proc proc $tmpdir/proc
13816 # Make sure proc is unmounted also on failure
13817 trap exit_cleanup EXIT INT
13818
13819 chroot $tmpdir aptitude -y install debconf-utils
13820
13821 # Make sure tasksel autoselection trigger.  It need the test scripts
13822 # to return the correct answers.
13823 echo tasksel tasksel/desktop multiselect $desktop | \
13824     chroot $tmpdir debconf-set-selections
13825
13826 # Include the desktop and laptop task
13827 for test in desktop laptop ; do
13828     echo > $tmpdir/usr/lib/tasksel/tests/$test &lt;&lt;EOF
13829 #!/bin/sh
13830 exit 2
13831 EOF
13832     chmod a+rx $tmpdir/usr/lib/tasksel/tests/$test
13833 done
13834
13835 DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
13836 DEBIAN_PRIORITY=critical
13837 export DEBIAN_FRONTEND DEBIAN_PRIORITY
13838 chroot $tmpdir tasksel --new-install
13839
13840 echo deb $mirror $to main > $tmpdir/etc/apt/sources.list
13841 chroot $tmpdir aptitude update
13842 touch $tmpdir/etc/udev/kernel-upgrade
13843 chroot $tmpdir aptitude -y dist-upgrade
13844 fuser -mv
13845 </pre></blockquote>
13846
13847 <p>I suspect it would be useful to test upgrades with both apt-get and
13848 with aptitude, but I have not had time to look at how they behave
13849 differently so far.  I hope to get a cron job running to do the test
13850 regularly and post the result on the web.  The Gnome upgrade currently
13851 work, while the KDE upgrade fail because of the bug in
13852 kdebase-workspace-data</p>
13853
13854 <p>I am not quite sure what kind of extract from the huge upgrade logs
13855 (KDE 167 KiB, Gnome 516 KiB) it make sense to include in this blog
13856 post, so I will refrain from trying.  I can report that for Gnome,
13857 aptitude report 760 packages upgraded, 448 newly installed, 129 to
13858 remove and 1 not upgraded and 1024MB need to be downloaded while for
13859 KDE the same numbers are 702 packages upgraded, 507 newly installed,
13860 193 to remove and 0 not upgraded and 1117MB need to be downloaded</p>
13861
13862 <p>I am very happy to notice that the Gnome desktop + laptop upgrade
13863 is able to migrate to dependency based boot sequencing and parallel
13864 booting without a hitch.  Was unsure if there were still bugs with
13865 packages failing to clean up their obsolete init.d script during
13866 upgrades, and no such problem seem to affect the Gnome desktop+laptop
13867 packages.</p>
13868
13869       </div>
13870       <div class="tags">
13871
13872
13873         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13874
13875
13876       </div>
13877     </div>
13878     <div class="padding"></div>
13879
13880     <div class="entry">
13881       <div class="title">
13882         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_er_laget_for_sentraldrifting__naturligvis.html">Skolelinux er laget for sentraldrifting, naturligvis</a>
13883       </div>
13884       <div class="date">
13885          9th June 2010
13886       </div>
13887       <div class="body">
13888         <p>Det er merkelig hvordan myter om Skolelinux overlever.  En slik
13889 myte er at Skolelinux ikke kan sentraldriftes og ha sentralt plasserte
13890 tjenermaskiner.  I siste Computerworld Norge er
13891 <a href="http://www.idg.no/computerworld/article169432.ece">IT-sjef
13892 Viggo Billdal i Steinkjer intervjuet</a>, og forteller uten
13893 blygsel:</p>
13894
13895 <blockquote><p>Vi hadde Skolelinux, men det har vi sluttet med. Vi testet
13896 om det lønte seg med Microsoft eller en åpen plattform. Vi fant ut at
13897 Microsoft egentlig var totalt sett bedre egnet. Det var store
13898 driftskostnader med Skolelinux, blant annet på grunn av
13899 desentraliserte servere. Det var komplisert, så vi gikk vekk fra det
13900 og bruker nå bare Windows.</p></blockquote>
13901
13902 <p>En <a
13903 href="https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/bruker/2010-June/009101.html">rask
13904 sjekk</a> mot den norske brukerlista i Skolelinuxprosjektet forteller
13905 at Steinkjers forsøk foregikk fram til 2004/2005, og at Røysing skole
13906 i Steinkjer skal ha vært svært fornøyd med Skolelinux men at kommunen
13907 overkjørte skolen og krevde at de gikk over til Windows.  Et søk på
13908 nettet sendte meg til
13909 <a href="http://www.dn.no/multimedia/archive/00090/Dagens_it_nr__18_90826a.pdf">Dagens
13910 IT nr. 18 2005</a> hvor en kan lese på side 18:</p>
13911
13912 <blockquote><p>Inge Tømmerås ved Røysing skole i Steinkjer kjører ennå
13913 Microsoft, men forteller at kompetanseutfordringen med Skolelinux ikke
13914 var så stor.   Jeg syntes Skolelinux var utrolig lett å drifte uten
13915 forkunnskaper. Men man må jo selvsagt ha tilgang på ekstern kompetanse
13916 til installasjoner og maskinvarefeil, sier Tømmerås.</p></blockquote>
13917
13918 <p>Som systemarkitekten bak Skolelinux, kan jeg bare riste på hodet
13919 over påstanden om at Skolelinux krever desentraliserte tjenere.
13920 Skolelinux-arkitekturen er laget for sentralisert drift og plassering
13921 av tjenerne lokalt eller sentralt alt etter behov og nettkapasitet.
13922 Den er modellert på nettverks- og tjenerløsningen som brukes på
13923 Universitetet i Tromsø og Oslo, der jeg jobber med utvikling av
13924 driftstjenester.  Dette er det heldigvis noen som har fått med seg, og
13925 jeg er glad for å kunne sitere fra en kommentar på den overnevnte
13926 artikkelen.  Min venn og gamle kollega Sturle Sunde forteller der:
13927
13928 <blockquote>
13929 <p>I Flora kommune køyrer vi Skulelinux på skular med alt frå 15 til
13930 meir enn 500 elevar. Dei store skulane har eigen tenar, for det er
13931 mest praktisk. Eg, som er driftsansvarleg for heile nettet, ser
13932 sjeldan dei tenarane fysisk, men at dei står der gjer skulane mindre
13933 avhengige av eksterne linjer som er trege eller dyre. Dei minste
13934 skulane har ikkje eigen tenar. Å bruke sentral tenar er heller ikkje
13935 noko problem. Småskulane klarar seg fint med 1 mbit-linje til ein
13936 sentral tenar eller tenaren på ein større skule.</p>
13937
13938 <p>Det beste med Skulelinux er halvtjukke klientar. Dei treng ikkje
13939 harddisk og brukar minimalt med ressursar på tenaren fordi dei køyrer
13940 programma lokalt. Eit klasserom med 30 sju-åtte år gamle maskiner har
13941 mykje meir CPU og RAM totalt enn nokon moderne tenar til under
13942 millionen. Det trengst to kommandoar på den sentrale tenaren for å
13943 oppdatere alle klientane, både tynne og halvtjukke. Vi har ingen
13944 problem med diskar som ryk heller, som var eit problem før fordi
13945 elevane sat og sparka i maskinene. Og dei krev lite bandbreidde i
13946 nettet, so det er fullt mogleg å køyre slike på småskular med trege
13947 linjer mot tenaren på ein større skule.</p>
13948
13949 <p>Flora kommune har nesten 800 Linux-maskiner i sitt skulenett, og
13950 ein person som tek seg av drift av heile nettet, inkludert tenarar,
13951 klientar, operativsystem, programvare, heimekontorløysing og
13952 administrasjon av brukarar.</p>
13953
13954 <p>No skal det seiast at vi ikkje køyrer rein Skulelinux ut av
13955 boksen. Vi har gjort ein del tilpassingar mot noko Novell-greier som
13956 var der frå før, og som har komplisert installasjonen vår. Etter at
13957 oppsettet var gjort har løysinga vore stabil og kravd minimalt med
13958 arbeid.</p>
13959 </blockquote>
13960
13961 <p>Jeg vet at Narvik, Harstad og Oslo er kommuner der Skolelinux
13962 sentraldriftes med sentrale tjenere.  Det forteller meg at Steinkjers
13963 IT-sjef neppe bør skylde på Skolelinux-løsningen for sine 5 år gamle
13964 minner.</p>
13965
13966       </div>
13967       <div class="tags">
13968
13969
13970         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13971
13972
13973       </div>
13974     </div>
13975     <div class="padding"></div>
13976
13977     <div class="entry">
13978       <div class="title">
13979         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_manual_for_standards_wars___.html">A manual for standards wars...</a>
13980       </div>
13981       <div class="date">
13982          6th June 2010
13983       </div>
13984       <div class="body">
13985         <p>Via the
13986 <a href="http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/robweir/antic-atom/~3/QzU4RgoAGMg/weekly-links-10.html">blog
13987 of Rob Weir</a> I came across the very interesting essay named
13988 <a href="http://faculty.haas.berkeley.edu/shapiro/wars.pdf">The Art of
13989 Standards Wars</a> (PDF 25 pages).  I recommend it for everyone
13990 following the standards wars of today.</p>
13991
13992       </div>
13993       <div class="tags">
13994
13995
13996         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard</a>.
13997
13998
13999       </div>
14000     </div>
14001     <div class="padding"></div>
14002
14003     <div class="entry">
14004       <div class="title">
14005         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Sitesummary_tip__Listing_computer_hardware_models_used_at_site.html">Sitesummary tip: Listing computer hardware models used at site</a>
14006       </div>
14007       <div class="date">
14008          3rd June 2010
14009       </div>
14010       <div class="body">
14011         <p>When using sitesummary at a site to track machines, it is possible
14012 to get a list of the machine types in use thanks to the DMI
14013 information extracted from each machine.  The script to do so is
14014 included in the sitesummary package, and here is example output from
14015 the Skolelinux build servers:</p>
14016
14017 <blockquote><pre>
14018 maintainer:~# /usr/lib/sitesummary/hardware-model-summary
14019   vendor                    count
14020   Dell Computer Corporation     1
14021     PowerEdge 1750              1
14022   IBM                           1
14023     eserver xSeries 345 -[8670M1X]-     1
14024   Intel                         2
14025   [no-dmi-info]                 3
14026 maintainer:~#
14027 </pre></blockquote>
14028
14029 <p>The quality of the report depend on the quality of the DMI tables
14030 provided in each machine.  Here there are Intel machines without model
14031 information listed with Intel as vendor and no model, and virtual Xen
14032 machines listed as [no-dmi-info].  One can add -l as a command line
14033 option to list the individual machines.</p>
14034
14035 <p>A larger list is
14036 <a href="http://narvikskolen.no/sitesummary/">available from the the
14037 city of Narvik</a>, which uses Skolelinux on all their shools and also
14038 provide the basic sitesummary report publicly.  In their report there
14039 are ~1400 machines. I know they use both Ubuntu and Skolelinux on
14040 their machines, and as sitesummary is available in both distributions,
14041 it is trivial to get all of them to report to the same central
14042 collector.</p>
14043
14044       </div>
14045       <div class="tags">
14046
14047
14048         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
14049
14050
14051       </div>
14052     </div>
14053     <div class="padding"></div>
14054
14055     <div class="entry">
14056       <div class="title">
14057         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/KDM_fail_at_boot_with_NVidia_cards___and_no_one_try_to_fix_it_.html">KDM fail at boot with NVidia cards - and no one try to fix it?</a>
14058       </div>
14059       <div class="date">
14060          1st June 2010
14061       </div>
14062       <div class="body">
14063         <p>It is strange to watch how a bug in Debian causing KDM to fail to
14064 start at boot when an NVidia video card is used is handled.  The
14065 problem seem to be that the nvidia X.org driver uses a long time to
14066 initialize, and this duration is longer than kdm is configured to
14067 wait.</p>
14068
14069 <p>I came across two bugs related to this issue,
14070 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/583312">#583312</a> initially filed
14071 against initscripts and passed on to nvidia-glx when it became obvious
14072 that the nvidia drivers were involved, and
14073 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/524751">#524751</a> initially filed against
14074 kdm and passed on to src:nvidia-graphics-drivers for unknown reasons.</p>
14075
14076 <p>To me, it seem that no-one is interested in actually solving the
14077 problem nvidia video card owners experience and make sure the Debian
14078 distribution work out of the box for these users.  The nvidia driver
14079 maintainers expect kdm to be set up to wait longer, while kdm expect
14080 the nvidia driver maintainers to fix the driver to start faster, and
14081 while they wait for each other I guess the users end up switching to a
14082 distribution that work for them.  I have no idea what the solution is,
14083 but I am pretty sure that waiting for each other is not it.</p>
14084
14085 <p>I wonder why we end up handling bugs this way.</p>
14086
14087       </div>
14088       <div class="tags">
14089
14090
14091         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
14092
14093
14094       </div>
14095     </div>
14096     <div class="padding"></div>
14097
14098     <div class="entry">
14099       <div class="title">
14100         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Parallellized_boot_seem_to_hold_up_well_in_Debian_testing.html">Parallellized boot seem to hold up well in Debian/testing</a>
14101       </div>
14102       <div class="date">
14103         27th May 2010
14104       </div>
14105       <div class="body">
14106         <p>A few days ago, parallel booting was enabled in Debian/testing.
14107 The feature seem to hold up pretty well, but three fairly serious
14108 issues are known and should be solved:
14109
14110 <p><ul>
14111
14112 <li>The wicd package seen to
14113 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/508289">break NFS mounting</a> and
14114 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/581586">network setup</a> when
14115 parallel booting is enabled.  No idea why, but the wicd maintainer
14116 seem to be on the case.</li>
14117
14118 <li>The nvidia X driver seem to
14119 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/583312">have a race condition</a>
14120 triggered more easily when parallel booting is in effect.  The
14121 maintainer is on the case.</li>
14122
14123 <li>The sysv-rc package fail to properly enable dependency based boot
14124 sequencing (the shutdown is broken) when old file-rc users
14125 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/575080">try to switch back</a> to
14126 sysv-rc.  One way to solve it would be for file-rc to create
14127 /etc/init.d/.legacy-bootordering, and another is to try to make
14128 sysv-rc more robust.  Will investigate some more and probably upload a
14129 workaround in sysv-rc to help those trying to move from file-rc to
14130 sysv-rc get a working shutdown.</li>
14131
14132 </ul></p>
14133
14134 <p>All in all not many surprising issues, and all of them seem
14135 solvable before Squeeze is released.  In addition to these there are
14136 some packages with bugs in their dependencies and run level settings,
14137 which I expect will be fixed in a reasonable time span.</p>
14138
14139 <p>If you report any problems with dependencies in init.d scripts to
14140 the BTS, please usertag the report to get it to show up at
14141 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/pkgreport.cgi?users=initscripts-ng-devel@lists.alioth.debian.org">the
14142 list of usertagged bugs related to this</a>.</p>
14143
14144 <p>Update: Correct bug number to file-rc issue.</p>
14145
14146       </div>
14147       <div class="tags">
14148
14149
14150         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
14151
14152
14153       </div>
14154     </div>
14155     <div class="padding"></div>
14156
14157     <div class="entry">
14158       <div class="title">
14159         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/More_flexible_firmware_handling_in_debian_installer.html">More flexible firmware handling in debian-installer</a>
14160       </div>
14161       <div class="date">
14162         22nd May 2010
14163       </div>
14164       <div class="body">
14165         <p>After a long break from debian-installer development, I finally
14166 found time today to return to the project.  Having to spend less time
14167 working dependency based boot in debian, as it is almost complete now,
14168 definitely helped freeing some time.</p>
14169
14170 <p>A while back, I ran into a problem while working on Debian Edu.  We
14171 include some firmware packages on the Debian Edu CDs, those needed to
14172 get disk and network controllers working.  Without having these
14173 firmware packages available during installation, it is impossible to
14174 install Debian Edu on the given machine, and because our target group
14175 are non-technical people, asking them to provide firmware packages on
14176 an external medium is a support pain.  Initially, I expected it to be
14177 enough to include the firmware packages on the CD to get
14178 debian-installer to find and use them.  This proved to be wrong.
14179 Next, I hoped it was enough to symlink the relevant firmware packages
14180 to some useful location on the CD (tried /cdrom/ and
14181 /cdrom/firmware/).  This also proved to not work, and at this point I
14182 found time to look at the debian-installer code to figure out what was
14183 going to work.</p>
14184
14185 <p>The firmware loading code is in the hw-detect package, and a closer
14186 look revealed that it would only look for firmware packages outside
14187 the installation media, so the CD was never checked for firmware
14188 packages.  It would only check USB sticks, floppies and other
14189 "external" media devices.  Today I changed it to also look in the
14190 /cdrom/firmware/ directory on the mounted CD or DVD, which should
14191 solve the problem I ran into with Debian edu.  I also changed it to
14192 look in /firmware/, to make sure the installer also find firmware
14193 provided in the initrd when booting the installer via PXE, to allow us
14194 to provide the same feature in the PXE setup included in Debian
14195 Edu.</p>
14196
14197 <p>To make sure firmware deb packages with a license questions are not
14198 activated without asking if the license is accepted, I extended
14199 hw-detect to look for preinst scripts in the firmware packages, and
14200 run these before activating the firmware during installation.  The
14201 license question is asked using debconf in the preinst, so this should
14202 solve the issue for the firmware packages I have looked at so far.</p>
14203
14204 <p>If you want to discuss the details of these features, please
14205 contact us on debian-boot@lists.debian.org.</p>
14206
14207       </div>
14208       <div class="tags">
14209
14210
14211         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
14212
14213
14214       </div>
14215     </div>
14216     <div class="padding"></div>
14217
14218     <div class="entry">
14219       <div class="title">
14220         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Pieces_of_the_roaming_laptop_puzzle_in_Debian.html">Pieces of the roaming laptop puzzle in Debian</a>
14221       </div>
14222       <div class="date">
14223         19th May 2010
14224       </div>
14225       <div class="body">
14226         <p>Today, the last piece of the puzzle for roaming laptops in Debian
14227 Edu finally entered the Debian archive.  Today, the new
14228 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/libp/libpam-mklocaluser.html">libpam-mklocaluser</a>
14229 package was accepted.  Two days ago, two other pieces was accepted
14230 into unstable.  The
14231 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/p/pam-python.html">pam-python</a>
14232 package needed by libpam-mklocaluser, and the
14233 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/sssd.html">sssd</a> package
14234 passed NEW on Monday.  In addition, the
14235 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/libp/libpam-ccreds.html">libpam-ccreds</a>
14236 package we need is in experimental (version 10-4) since Saturday, and
14237 hopefully will be moved to unstable soon.</p>
14238
14239 <p>This collection of packages allow for two different setups for
14240 roaming laptops.  The traditional setup would be using libpam-ccreds,
14241 nscd and libpam-mklocaluser with LDAP or Kerberos authentication,
14242 which should work out of the box if the configuration changes proposed
14243 for nscd in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/485282">BTS report
14244 #485282</a> is implemented.  The alternative setup is to use sssd with
14245 libpam-mklocaluser to connect to LDAP or Kerberos and let sssd take
14246 care of the caching of passwords and group information.</p>
14247
14248 <p>I have so far been unable to get sssd to work with the LDAP server
14249 at the University, but suspect the issue is some SSL/GnuTLS related
14250 problem with the server certificate.  I plan to update the Debian
14251 package to version 1.2, which is scheduled for next week, and hope to
14252 find time to make sure the next release will include both the
14253 Debian/Ubuntu specific patches.  Upstream is friendly and responsive,
14254 and I am sure we will find a good solution.</p>
14255
14256 <p>The idea is to set up the roaming laptops to authenticate using
14257 LDAP or Kerberos and create a local user with home directory in /home/
14258 when a usre in LDAP logs in via KDM or GDM for the first time, and
14259 cache the password for offline checking, as well as caching group
14260 memberhips and other relevant LDAP information.  The
14261 libpam-mklocaluser package was created to make sure the local home
14262 directory is in /home/, instead of /site/server/directory/ which would
14263 be the home directory if pam_mkhomedir was used.  To avoid confusion
14264 with support requests and configuration, we do not want local laptops
14265 to have users in a path that is used for the same users home directory
14266 on the home directory servers.</p>
14267
14268 <p>One annoying problem with gdm is that it do not show the PAM
14269 message passed to the user from libpam-mklocaluser when the local user
14270 is created.  Instead gdm simply reject the login with some generic
14271 message.  The message is shown in kdm, ssh and login, so I guess it is
14272 a bug in gdm.  Have not investigated if there is some other message
14273 type that can be used instead to get gdm to also show the message.</p>
14274
14275 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
14276 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
14277
14278       </div>
14279       <div class="tags">
14280
14281
14282         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14283
14284
14285       </div>
14286     </div>
14287     <div class="padding"></div>
14288
14289     <div class="entry">
14290       <div class="title">
14291         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Parallellized_boot_is_now_the_default_in_Debian_unstable.html">Parallellized boot is now the default in Debian/unstable</a>
14292       </div>
14293       <div class="date">
14294         14th May 2010
14295       </div>
14296       <div class="body">
14297         <p>Since this evening, parallel booting is the default in
14298 Debian/unstable for machines using dependency based boot sequencing.
14299 Apparently the testing of concurrent booting has been wider than
14300 expected, if I am to believe the
14301 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-devel/2010/05/msg00122.html">input
14302 on debian-devel@</a>, and I concluded a few days ago to move forward
14303 with the feature this weekend, to give us some time to detect any
14304 remaining problems before Squeeze is frozen.  If serious problems are
14305 detected, it is simple to change the default back to sequential boot.
14306 The upload of the new sysvinit package also activate a new upstream
14307 version.</p>
14308
14309 More information about
14310 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/LSBInitScripts/DependencyBasedBoot">dependency
14311 based boot sequencing</a> is available from the Debian wiki.  It is
14312 currently possible to disable parallel booting when one run into
14313 problems caused by it, by adding this line to /etc/default/rcS:</p>
14314
14315 <blockquote><pre>
14316 CONCURRENCY=none
14317 </pre></blockquote>
14318
14319 <p>If you report any problems with dependencies in init.d scripts to
14320 the BTS, please usertag the report to get it to show up at
14321 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/pkgreport.cgi?users=initscripts-ng-devel@lists.alioth.debian.org">the
14322 list of usertagged bugs related to this</a>.</p>
14323
14324       </div>
14325       <div class="tags">
14326
14327
14328         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
14329
14330
14331       </div>
14332     </div>
14333     <div class="padding"></div>
14334
14335     <div class="entry">
14336       <div class="title">
14337         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Sitesummary_tip__Listing_MAC_address_of_all_clients.html">Sitesummary tip: Listing MAC address of all clients</a>
14338       </div>
14339       <div class="date">
14340         14th May 2010
14341       </div>
14342       <div class="body">
14343         <p>In the recent Debian Edu versions, the
14344 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/SiteSummary">sitesummary
14345 system</a> is used to keep track of the machines in the school
14346 network.  Each machine will automatically report its status to the
14347 central server after boot and once per night.  The network setup is
14348 also reported, and using this information it is possible to get the
14349 MAC address of all network interfaces in the machines.  This is useful
14350 to update the DHCP configuration.</p>
14351
14352 <p>To give some idea how to use sitesummary, here is a one-liner to
14353 ist all MAC addresses of all machines reporting to sitesummary.  Run
14354 this on the collector host:</p>
14355
14356 <blockquote><pre>
14357 perl -MSiteSummary -e 'for_all_hosts(sub { print join(" ", get_macaddresses(shift)), "\n"; });'
14358 </pre></blockquote>
14359
14360 <p>This will list all MAC addresses assosiated with all machine, one
14361 line per machine and with space between the MAC addresses.</p>
14362
14363 <p>To allow system administrators easier job at adding static DHCP
14364 addresses for hosts, it would be possible to extend this to fetch
14365 machine information from sitesummary and update the DHCP and DNS
14366 tables in LDAP using this information.  Such tool is unfortunately not
14367 written yet.</p>
14368
14369       </div>
14370       <div class="tags">
14371
14372
14373         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
14374
14375
14376       </div>
14377     </div>
14378     <div class="padding"></div>
14379
14380     <div class="entry">
14381       <div class="title">
14382         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Forcing_new_users_to_change_their_password_on_first_login.html">Forcing new users to change their password on first login</a>
14383       </div>
14384       <div class="date">
14385          2nd May 2010
14386       </div>
14387       <div class="body">
14388         <p>One interesting feature in Active Directory, is the ability to
14389 create a new user with an expired password, and thus force the user to
14390 change the password on the first login attempt.</p>
14391
14392 <p>I'm not quite sure how to do that with the LDAP setup in Debian
14393 Edu, but did some initial testing with a local account.  The account
14394 and password aging information is available in /etc/shadow, but
14395 unfortunately, it is not possible to specify an expiration time for
14396 passwords, only a maximum age for passwords.</p>
14397
14398 <p>A freshly created account (using adduser test) will have these
14399 settings in /etc/shadow:</p>
14400
14401 <blockquote><pre>
14402 root@tjener:~# chage -l test
14403 Last password change                                    : May 02, 2010
14404 Password expires                                        : never
14405 Password inactive                                       : never
14406 Account expires                                         : never
14407 Minimum number of days between password change          : 0
14408 Maximum number of days between password change          : 99999
14409 Number of days of warning before password expires       : 7
14410 root@tjener:~#
14411 </pre></blockquote>
14412
14413 <p>The only way I could come up with to create a user with an expired
14414 account, is to change the date of the last password change to the
14415 lowest value possible (January 1th 1970), and the maximum password age
14416 to the difference in days between that date and today.  To make it
14417 simple, I went for 30 years (30 * 365 = 10950) and January 2th (to
14418 avoid testing if 0 is a valid value).</p>
14419
14420 <p>After using these commands to set it up, it seem to work as
14421 intended:</p>
14422
14423 <blockquote><pre>
14424 root@tjener:~# chage -d 1 test; chage -M 10950 test
14425 root@tjener:~# chage -l test
14426 Last password change                                    : Jan 02, 1970
14427 Password expires                                        : never
14428 Password inactive                                       : never
14429 Account expires                                         : never
14430 Minimum number of days between password change          : 0
14431 Maximum number of days between password change          : 10950
14432 Number of days of warning before password expires       : 7
14433 root@tjener:~#
14434 </pre></blockquote>
14435
14436 <p>So far I have tested this with ssh and console, and kdm (in
14437 Squeeze) login, and all ask for a new password before login in the
14438 user (with ssh, I was thrown out and had to log in again).</p>
14439
14440 <p>Perhaps we should set up something similar for Debian Edu, to make
14441 sure only the user itself have the account password?</p>
14442
14443 <p>If you want to comment on or help out with implementing this for
14444 Debian Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
14445
14446 <p>Update 2010-05-02 17:20: Paul Tötterman tells me on IRC that the
14447 shadow(8) page in Debian/testing now state that setting the date of
14448 last password change to zero (0) will force the password to be changed
14449 on the first login.  This was not mentioned in the manual in Lenny, so
14450 I did not notice this in my initial testing.  I have tested it on
14451 Squeeze, and '<tt>chage -d 0 username</tt>' do work there.  I have not
14452 tested it on Lenny yet.</p>
14453
14454 <p>Update 2010-05-02-19:05: Jim Paris tells me via email that an
14455 equivalent command to expire a password is '<tt>passwd -e
14456 username</tt>', which insert zero into the date of the last password
14457 change.</p>
14458
14459       </div>
14460       <div class="tags">
14461
14462
14463         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet</a>.
14464
14465
14466       </div>
14467     </div>
14468     <div class="padding"></div>
14469
14470     <div class="entry">
14471       <div class="title">
14472         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Thoughts_on_roaming_laptop_setup_for_Debian_Edu.html">Thoughts on roaming laptop setup for Debian Edu</a>
14473       </div>
14474       <div class="date">
14475         28th April 2010
14476       </div>
14477       <div class="body">
14478         <p>For some years now, I have wondered how we should handle laptops in
14479 Debian Edu.  The Debian Edu infrastructure is mostly designed to
14480 handle stationary computers, and less suited for computers that come
14481 and go.</p>
14482
14483 <p>Now I finally believe I have an sensible idea on how to adjust
14484 Debian Edu for laptops, by introducing a new profile for them, for
14485 example called Roaming Workstations.  Here are my thought on this.
14486 The setup would consist of the following:</p>
14487
14488 <ul>
14489
14490  <li>During installation, the user name of the owner / primary user of
14491    the laptop is requested and a local home directory is set up for
14492    the user, with uid and gid information fetched from the LDAP
14493    server.  This allow the user to work also when offline.  The
14494    central home directory can be available in a subdirectory on
14495    request, for example mounted via CIFS.  It could be mounted
14496    automatically when a user log in while on the Debian Edu network,
14497    and unmounted when the machine is taken away (network down,
14498    hibernate, etc), it can be set up to do automatic mounting on
14499    request (using autofs), or perhaps some GUI button on the desktop
14500    can be used to access it when needed.  Perhaps it is enough to use
14501    the fish protocol in KDE?</li>
14502
14503  <li>Password checking is set up to use LDAP or Kerberos
14504    authentication when the machine is on the Debian Edu network, and
14505    to cache the password for offline checking when the machine unable
14506    to reach the LDAP or Kerberos server.  This can be done using
14507    <a href="http://www.padl.com/OSS/pam_ccreds.html">libpam-ccreds</a>
14508    or the Fedora developed
14509    <a href="https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/SSSD">System
14510    Security Services Daemon</a> packages.</li>
14511
14512  <li>File synchronisation with the central home directory is set up
14513    using a shared directory in both the local and the central home
14514    directory, using unison.</li>
14515
14516  <li>Printing should be set up to print to all printers broadcasting
14517    their existence on the local network, and should then work out of
14518    the box with CUPS.  For sites needing accurate printer quotas, some
14519    system with Kerberos authentication or printing via ssh could be
14520    implemented.</li>
14521
14522  <li>For users that should have local root access to their laptop,
14523    sudo should be used to allow this to the local user.</li>
14524
14525  <li>It would be nice if user and group information from LDAP is
14526    cached on the client, but given that there are entries for the
14527    local user and primary group in /etc/, it should not be needed.</li>
14528
14529 </ul>
14530
14531 <p>I believe all the pieces to implement this are in Debian/testing at
14532 the moment.  If we work quickly, we should be able to get this ready
14533 in time for the Squeeze release to freeze.  Some of the pieces need
14534 tweaking, like libpam-ccreds should get support for pam-auth-update
14535 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/566718">#566718</a>) and nslcd (or
14536 perhaps debian-edu-config) should get some integration code to stop
14537 its daemon when the LDAP server is unavailable to avoid long timeouts
14538 when disconnected from the net.  If we get Kerberos enabled, we need
14539 to make sure we avoid long timeouts there too.</p>
14540
14541 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
14542 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
14543
14544       </div>
14545       <div class="tags">
14546
14547
14548         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14549
14550
14551       </div>
14552     </div>
14553     <div class="padding"></div>
14554
14555     <div class="entry">
14556       <div class="title">
14557         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Kerberos_for_Debian_Edu_Squeeze_.html">Kerberos for Debian Edu/Squeeze?</a>
14558       </div>
14559       <div class="date">
14560         14th April 2010
14561       </div>
14562       <div class="body">
14563         <p><a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20100413-kerberos/">Yesterdays
14564 NUUG presentation</a> about Kerberos was inspiring, and reminded me
14565 about the need to start using Kerberos in Skolelinux.  Setting up a
14566 Kerberos server seem to be straight forward, and if we get this in
14567 place a long time before the Squeeze version of Debian freezes, we
14568 have a chance to migrate Skolelinux away from NFSv3 for the home
14569 directories, and over to an architecture where the infrastructure do
14570 not have to trust IP addresses and machines, and instead can trust
14571 users and cryptographic keys instead.</p>
14572
14573 <p>A challenge will be integration and administration.  Is there a
14574 Kerberos implementation for Debian where one can control the
14575 administration access in Kerberos using LDAP groups?  With it, the
14576 school administration will have to maintain access control using flat
14577 files on the main server, which give a huge potential for errors.</p>
14578
14579 <p>A related question I would like to know is how well Kerberos and
14580 pam-ccreds (offline password check) work together.  Anyone know?</p>
14581
14582 <p>Next step will be to use Kerberos for access control in Lwat and
14583 Nagios.  I have no idea how much work that will be to implement.  We
14584 would also need to document how to integrate with Windows AD, as such
14585 shared network will require two Kerberos realms that need to cooperate
14586 to work properly.</p>
14587
14588 <p>I believe a good start would be to start using Kerberos on the
14589 skolelinux.no machines, and this way get ourselves experience with
14590 configuration and integration.  A natural starting point would be
14591 setting up ldap.skolelinux.no as the Kerberos server, and migrate the
14592 rest of the machines from PAM via LDAP to PAM via Kerberos one at the
14593 time.</p>
14594
14595 <p>If you would like to contribute to get this working in Skolelinux,
14596 I recommend you to see the video recording from yesterdays NUUG
14597 presentation, and start using Kerberos at home.  The video show show
14598 up in a few days.</p>
14599
14600       </div>
14601       <div class="tags">
14602
14603
14604         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14605
14606
14607       </div>
14608     </div>
14609     <div class="padding"></div>
14610
14611     <div class="entry">
14612       <div class="title">
14613         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/After_6_years_of_waiting__the_Xreset_d_feature_is_implemented.html">After 6 years of waiting, the Xreset.d feature is implemented</a>
14614       </div>
14615       <div class="date">
14616          6th March 2010
14617       </div>
14618       <div class="body">
14619         <p>6 years ago, as part of the Debian Edu development I am involved
14620 in, I asked for a hook in the kdm and gdm setup to run scripts as root
14621 when the user log out.  A bug was submitted against the xfree86-common
14622 package in 2004 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/230422">#230422</a>),
14623 and revisited every time Debian Edu was working on a new release.
14624 Today, this finally paid off.</p>
14625
14626 <p>The framework for this feature was today commited to the git
14627 repositry for the xorg package, and the git repository for xdm has
14628 been updated to use this framework.  Next on my agenda is to make sure
14629 kdm and gdm also add code to use this framework.</p>
14630
14631 <p>In Debian Edu, we want to ability to run commands as root when the
14632 user log out, to get rid of runaway processes and do general cleanup
14633 after a user.  With this framework in place, we finally can do that in
14634 a generic way that work with all display managers using this
14635 framework.  My goal is to get all display managers in Debian use it,
14636 similar to how they use the Xsession.d framework today.<p>
14637
14638       </div>
14639       <div class="tags">
14640
14641
14642         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14643
14644
14645       </div>
14646     </div>
14647     <div class="padding"></div>
14648
14649     <div class="entry">
14650       <div class="title">
14651         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Lenny_released__work_continues.html">Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Lenny released, work continues</a>
14652       </div>
14653       <div class="date">
14654         11th February 2010
14655       </div>
14656       <div class="body">
14657         <p>On Tuesday, the Debian/Lenny based version of
14658 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> was finally
14659 shipped.  This was a major leap forward for the project, and I am very
14660 pleased that we finally got the release wrapped up.  Work on the first
14661 point release starts imediately, as we plan to get that one out a
14662 month after the major release, to include all fixes for bugs we found
14663 and fixed too late in the release process to include last Tuesday.</p>
14664
14665 <p>Perhaps it even is time for some partying?</p>
14666
14667 <p>After this first point release, my plan is to focus again on the
14668 next major release, based on Squeeze.  We will try to get as many of
14669 the fixes we need into the official Debian packages before the freeze,
14670 and have just a few weeks or months to make it happen.</p>
14671
14672       </div>
14673       <div class="tags">
14674
14675
14676         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14677
14678
14679       </div>
14680     </div>
14681     <div class="padding"></div>
14682
14683     <div class="entry">
14684       <div class="title">
14685         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_Munin_and_Nagios_configuration.html">Automatic Munin and Nagios configuration</a>
14686       </div>
14687       <div class="date">
14688         27th January 2010
14689       </div>
14690       <div class="body">
14691         <p>One of the new features in the next Debian/Lenny based release of
14692 Debian Edu/Skolelinux, which is scheduled for release in the next few
14693 days, is automatic configuration of the service monitoring system
14694 Nagios.  The previous release had automatic configuration of trend
14695 analysis using Munin, and this Lenny based release take that a step
14696 further.</p>
14697
14698 <p>When installing a Debian Edu Main-server, it is automatically
14699 configured as a Munin and Nagios server.  In addition, it is
14700 configured to be a server for the
14701 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/SiteSummary">SiteSummary
14702 system</a> I have written for use in Debian Edu.  The SiteSummary
14703 system is inspired by a system used by the University of Oslo where I
14704 work.  In short, the system provide a centralised collector of
14705 information about the computers on the network, and a client on each
14706 computer submitting information to this collector.  This allow for
14707 automatic information on which packages are installed on each machine,
14708 which kernel the machines are using, what kind of configuration the
14709 packages got etc.  This also allow us to automatically generate Munin
14710 and Nagios configuration.</p>
14711
14712 <p>All computers reporting to the sitesummary collector with the
14713 munin-node package installed is automatically enabled as a Munin
14714 client and graphs from the statistics collected from that machine show
14715 up automatically on http://www/munin/ on the Main-server.</p>
14716
14717 <p>All non-laptop computers reporting to the sitesummary collector are
14718 automatically monitored for network presence (ping and any network
14719 services detected).  In addition, all computers (also laptops) with
14720 the nagios-nrpe-server package installed and configured the way
14721 sitesummary would configure it, are monitored for full disks, software
14722 raid status, swap free and other checks that need to run locally on
14723 the machine.</p>
14724
14725 <p>The result is that the administrator on a school using Debian Edu
14726 based on Lenny will be able to check the health of his installation
14727 with one look at the Nagios settings, without having to spend any time
14728 keeping the Nagios configuration up-to-date.</p>
14729
14730 <p>The only configuration one need to do to get Nagios up and running
14731 is to set the password used to get access via HTTP.  The system
14732 administrator need to run "<tt>htpasswd /etc/nagios3/htpasswd.users
14733 nagiosadmin</tt>" to create a nagiosadmin user and set a password for
14734 it to be able to log into the Nagios web pages.  After that,
14735 everything is taken care of.</p>
14736
14737       </div>
14738       <div class="tags">
14739
14740
14741         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
14742
14743
14744       </div>
14745     </div>
14746     <div class="padding"></div>
14747
14748     <div class="entry">
14749       <div class="title">
14750         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Opphavet_til_Skolelinux_prosjektet.html">Opphavet til Skolelinux-prosjektet</a>
14751       </div>
14752       <div class="date">
14753         17th December 2009
14754       </div>
14755       <div class="body">
14756         <p>De færreste er klar over at Skolelinux-prosjektet kom som et resultat
14757 av en avgjørelse på årsmøtet i
14758 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">NUUG</a> i 2000-06-29, der Håkon Wium
14759 Lie, da varamedlem i styret, tok på seg oppdraget om å starte et
14760 initiativ kalt "Teach the Teacher", som skulle være et initiativ for
14761 å få fri programvare og unix-lignende operativsystemer inn i Skolen.
14762 Tanken var at en måtte starte med lærerne for at ungene skulle få
14763 mulighet til å møte en bedre IT-hverdag.  Jeg var tilstede på
14764 møtet, og hadde sans for ideen, men intet skjedde.  På vårparten
14765 2001 ble det arrangert en demonstrasjon i anledning at First Tuesday
14766 hadde invitert Microsoft til et møte for å fortelle om fremtidens
14767 Internet.  Dette provoserte endel av oss, og EFN og NUUG tok initiativ
14768 til å arrangere
14769 <a href="http://www.digi.no/60982/first-tuesday-mote-med-microsoft-protest">en
14770 demonstrasjon utenfor lokalene 2001-05-21</a>.  Blant de som sto bak
14771 demonstrasjonen var Vidar Bakke fra NUUG og Håkon W. Lie fra EFN.
14772 Etter demonstrasjonen arrangerte Håkon en fest hjemme hos seg der alle
14773 som hadde vært aktive i demonstrasjonsplanlegging og gjennomføringen
14774 deltok.  Før festen var jeg blitt lei av å vente på at Håkon skulle ta
14775 initiativ til "Teach the Teacher", og for å forsøke å få litt fremgang
14776 besteme jeg meg for å benytte anledningen hos Håkon til å snakke om
14777 behovet for å hjelpe skolene i gang med bedre datasystemer bestående
14778 av fri programvare og unix-lignende operativsystemer.  Flere var
14779 interessert, og Knut Yrvin tenkte på ideen.  Han
14780 <a href="http://developer.skolelinux.no/brev/2001-06-28-invitasjon-skolelinux.txt">ropte
14781 sammen</a> til et stiftelsesmøte i prosjektet i sin arbeidsgivers
14782 Objectwares lokaler ved Ullevål stadion 2001-07-02, og jeg ble med.
14783 Resten er historie. :)</p>
14784
14785       </div>
14786       <div class="tags">
14787
14788
14789         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14790
14791
14792       </div>
14793     </div>
14794     <div class="padding"></div>
14795
14796     <div class="entry">
14797       <div class="title">
14798         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_operativt_webbasert_medlemsregister_for_Fri_programvare_i_skolen.html">Endelig operativt webbasert medlemsregister for Fri programvare i skolen</a>
14799       </div>
14800       <div class="date">
14801          2nd November 2009
14802       </div>
14803       <div class="body">
14804         <p>Under helgens utviklersamling i
14805 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.no/">Skolelinux</a> fikk jeg endelig
14806 satt meg ned sammen med Ronny Aasen i styret for å få et webbasert
14807 medlemsregister tilbake på plass for foreningen som passer på
14808 skolelinuxprosjektet.  Etter flere års knot og problemer, er nå
14809 memberdb satt opp og klart til bruk.  Import av det gamle
14810 medlemsregisteret har vist seg vanskelig, så alle medlemmer bes om å
14811 registrere seg på nytt.  Hvis du støtter FRiSKs formål så er du
14812 hjertelig velkommen til
14813 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">å melde deg
14814 inn</a>. Formålet lyder:</p>
14815
14816 <blockquote>Linux i skolen skal tilrettelegge for og informere om bruk
14817 av fri programvare, i henhold til Debian Free Software Guidelines av
14818 2002-02-03, i den norske skolen, slik som f.eks. Linux og
14819 GNU.</blockquote>
14820
14821       </div>
14822       <div class="tags">
14823
14824
14825         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
14826
14827
14828       </div>
14829     </div>
14830     <div class="padding"></div>
14831
14832     <div class="entry">
14833       <div class="title">
14834         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Returning_from_Skolelinux_developer_gathering.html">Returning from Skolelinux developer gathering</a>
14835       </div>
14836       <div class="date">
14837         29th March 2009
14838       </div>
14839       <div class="body">
14840         <p>I'm sitting on the train going home from this weekends Debian
14841 Edu/Skolelinux development gathering.  I got a bit done tuning the
14842 desktop, and looked into the dynamic service location protocol
14843 implementation avahi.  It look like it could be useful for us.  Almost
14844 30 people participated, and I believe it was a great environment to
14845 get to know the Skolelinux system.  Walter Bender, involved in the
14846 development of the Sugar educational platform, presented his stuff and
14847 also helped me improve my OLPC installation.  He also showed me that
14848 his Turtle Art application can be used in standalone mode, and we
14849 agreed that I would help getting it packaged for Debian.  As a
14850 standalone application it would be great for Debian Edu.  We also
14851 tried to get the video conferencing working with two OLPCs, but that
14852 proved to be too hard for us.  The application seem to need more work
14853 before it is ready for me.  I look forward to getting home and relax
14854 now. :)</p>
14855
14856       </div>
14857       <div class="tags">
14858
14859
14860         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14861
14862
14863       </div>
14864     </div>
14865     <div class="padding"></div>
14866
14867     <div class="entry">
14868       <div class="title">
14869         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">Time for new  LDAP schemas replacing RFC 2307?</a>
14870       </div>
14871       <div class="date">
14872         29th March 2009
14873       </div>
14874       <div class="body">
14875         <p>The state of standardized LDAP schemas on Linux is far from
14876 optimal.  There is RFC 2307 documenting one way to store NIS maps in
14877 LDAP, and a modified version of this normally called RFC 2307bis, with
14878 some modifications to be compatible with Active Directory.  The RFC
14879 specification handle the content of a lot of system databases, but do
14880 not handle DNS zones and DHCP configuration.</p>
14881
14882 <p>In <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux</a>,
14883 we would like to store information about users, SMB clients/hosts,
14884 filegroups, netgroups (users and hosts), DHCP and DNS configuration,
14885 and LTSP configuration in LDAP.  These objects have a lot in common,
14886 but with the current LDAP schemas it is not possible to have one
14887 object per entity.  For example, one need to have at least three LDAP
14888 objects for a given computer, one with the SMB related stuff, one with
14889 DNS information and another with DHCP information.  The schemas
14890 provided for DNS and DHCP are impossible to combine into one LDAP
14891 object.  In addition, it is impossible to implement quick queries for
14892 netgroup membership, because of the way NIS triples are implemented.
14893 It just do not scale.  I believe it is time for a few RFC
14894 specifications to cleam up this mess.</p>
14895
14896 <p>I would like to have one LDAP object representing each computer in
14897 the network, and this object can then keep the SMB (ie host key), DHCP
14898 (mac address/name) and DNS (name/IP address) settings in one place.
14899 It need to be efficently stored to make sure it scale well.</p>
14900
14901 <p>I would also like to have a quick way to map from a user or
14902 computer and to the net group this user or computer is a member.</p>
14903
14904 <p>Active Directory have done a better job than unix heads like myself
14905 in this regard, and the unix side need to catch up.  Time to start a
14906 new IETF work group?</p>
14907
14908       </div>
14909       <div class="tags">
14910
14911
14912         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14913
14914
14915       </div>
14916     </div>
14917     <div class="padding"></div>
14918
14919     <div class="entry">
14920       <div class="title">
14921         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_er_Debian_Lenny_gitt_ut.html">Endelig er Debian Lenny gitt ut</a>
14922       </div>
14923       <div class="date">
14924         15th February 2009
14925       </div>
14926       <div class="body">
14927         <p>Endelig er <a href="http://www.debian.org/">Debian</a>
14928 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2009/20090214">Lenny</a> gitt ut.
14929 Et langt steg videre for Debian-prosjektet, og en rekke nye
14930 programpakker blir nå tilgjengelig for de av oss som bruker den
14931 stabile utgaven av Debian.  Neste steg er nå å få
14932 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> /
14933 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/">Debian Edu</a> ferdig
14934 oppdatert for den nye utgaven, slik at en oppdatert versjon kan
14935 slippes løs på skolene.  Takk til alle debian-utviklerne som har
14936 gjort dette mulig.  Endelig er f.eks. fungerende avhengighetsstyrt
14937 bootsekvens tilgjengelig i stabil utgave, vha pakken
14938 <tt>insserv</tt>.</p>
14939
14940       </div>
14941       <div class="tags">
14942
14943
14944         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
14945
14946
14947       </div>
14948     </div>
14949     <div class="padding"></div>
14950
14951     <div class="entry">
14952       <div class="title">
14953         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_norsk_stavekontroll_med_st_tte_for_ord_med_bindestrek.html">Endelig norsk stavekontroll med støtte for ord med bindestrek</a>
14954       </div>
14955       <div class="date">
14956         26th December 2008
14957       </div>
14958       <div class="body">
14959         <p>Etter flere års mislykkede forsøk på å skrive om byggesystemet for
14960 <a href="http://no.speling.org/">den norske stavekontrollen for bokmål
14961 og nynorsk</a> til å ikke bruke bindestrek som ordskillemarkør, lyktes jeg
14962 endelig første juledag.  Bruken av bindestrek som ordskillemarkør har
14963 gjort det umulig å få med ord med bindestrek i
14964 stavekontrolldatagrunnlaget, slik at ord som e-post og CD-spiller ikke
14965 kunne godtas av stavekontrollen.  Hadde litt tid til overs å bruke på
14966 stavekontrollen, og satte meg ned med to kopier av byggsystemet og en
14967 liten testdatafil, og byttet ut - med = på utvalgte steder i
14968 byggsystemet og datafilen helt til jeg fikk samme resultat med det
14969 gamle og det nye byggsystemet.  Dette tror jeg var forsøk 4, der de
14970 foregående har feilet uten at jeg klarte å forstå hvorfor.  Det sier
14971 kanskje litt om kompleksiteten i det originale byggsystemet som Rune
14972 Kleveland laget i sin tid.</p>
14973
14974 <p>Etter å ha endret byggsystemet, var neste steg å importere ordene
14975 med bindestrek.  Vi har en rekke slike i databasene for
14976 <a href="http://tyge.sslug.dk/~korsvoll/nb.speling.org/htdocs/">bokmål</a>
14977 og
14978 <a href="http://tyge.sslug.dk/~korsvoll/nn.speling.org/htdocs/">nynorsk</a>
14979 for korrektur av datagrunnlaget for stavekontrollen, og etter importen
14980 skulle nå 10350 nye ord bli godkjent som korrekt stavede ord av
14981 stavekontrollen.</p>
14982
14983       </div>
14984       <div class="tags">
14985
14986
14987         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
14988
14989
14990       </div>
14991     </div>
14992     <div class="padding"></div>
14993
14994     <div class="entry">
14995       <div class="title">
14996         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Devcamp_brought_us_closer_to_the_Lenny_based_Debian_Edu_release.html">Devcamp brought us closer to the Lenny based Debian Edu release</a>
14997       </div>
14998       <div class="date">
14999          7th December 2008
15000       </div>
15001       <div class="body">
15002         <p>This weekend we had a small developer gathering for Debian Edu in
15003 Oslo.  Most of Saturday was used for the general assemly for the
15004 member organization, but the rest of the weekend I used to tune the
15005 LTSP installation.  LTSP now work out of the box on the 10-network.
15006 Acer Aspire One proved to be a very nice thin client, with both
15007 screen, mouse and keybard in a small box.  Was working on getting the
15008 diskless workstation setup configured out of the box, but did not
15009 finish it before the weekend was up.</p>
15010
15011 <p>Did not find time to look at the 4 VGA cards in one box we got from
15012 the Brazilian group, so that will have to wait for the next
15013 development gathering.  Would love to have the Debian Edu installer
15014 automatically detect and configure a multiseat setup when it find one
15015 of these cards.</p>
15016
15017       </div>
15018       <div class="tags">
15019
15020
15021         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp</a>.
15022
15023
15024       </div>
15025     </div>
15026     <div class="padding"></div>
15027
15028     <div class="entry">
15029       <div class="title">
15030         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_sorry_state_of_multimedia_browser_plugins_in_Debian.html">The sorry state of multimedia browser plugins in Debian</a>
15031       </div>
15032       <div class="date">
15033         25th November 2008
15034       </div>
15035       <div class="body">
15036         <p>Recently I have spent some time evaluating the multimedia browser
15037 plugins available in Debian Lenny, to see which one we should use by
15038 default in Debian Edu.  We need an embedded video playing plugin with
15039 control buttons to pause or stop the video, and capable of streaming
15040 all the multimedia content available on the web.  The test results and
15041 notes are available on
15042 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/BrowserMultimedia">the
15043 Debian wiki</a>.  I was surprised how few of the plugins are able to
15044 fill this need.  My personal video player favorite, VLC, has a really
15045 bad plugin which fail on a lot of the test pages.  A lot of the MIME
15046 types I would expect to work with any free software player (like
15047 video/ogg), just do not work.  And simple formats like the
15048 audio/x-mplegurl format (m3u playlists), just isn't supported by the
15049 totem and vlc plugins.  I hope the situation will improve soon.  No
15050 wonder sites use the proprietary Adobe flash to play video.</p>
15051
15052 <p>For Lenny, we seem to end up with the mplayer plugin.  It seem to
15053 be the only one fitting our needs. :/</p>
15054
15055       </div>
15056       <div class="tags">
15057
15058
15059         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
15060
15061
15062       </div>
15063     </div>
15064     <div class="padding"></div>
15065
15066     <p style="text-align: right;"><a href="debian edu.rss"><img src="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/xml.gif" alt="RSS Feed" width="36" height="14" /></a></p>
15067     <div id="sidebar">
15068
15069
15070
15071 <h2>Archive</h2>
15072 <ul>
15073
15074 <li>2024
15075 <ul>
15076
15077 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2024/01/">January (1)</a></li>
15078
15079 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2024/02/">February (1)</a></li>
15080
15081 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2024/03/">March (2)</a></li>
15082
15083 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2024/04/">April (3)</a></li>
15084
15085 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2024/05/">May (1)</a></li>
15086
15087 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2024/06/">June (1)</a></li>
15088
15089 </ul></li>
15090
15091 <li>2023
15092 <ul>
15093
15094 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2023/01/">January (3)</a></li>
15095
15096 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2023/02/">February (1)</a></li>
15097
15098 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2023/04/">April (2)</a></li>
15099
15100 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2023/05/">May (3)</a></li>
15101
15102 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2023/06/">June (1)</a></li>
15103
15104 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2023/08/">August (1)</a></li>
15105
15106 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2023/09/">September (1)</a></li>
15107
15108 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2023/10/">October (1)</a></li>
15109
15110 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2023/11/">November (4)</a></li>
15111
15112 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2023/12/">December (1)</a></li>
15113
15114 </ul></li>
15115
15116 <li>2022
15117 <ul>
15118
15119 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2022/02/">February (1)</a></li>
15120
15121 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2022/03/">March (3)</a></li>
15122
15123 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2022/04/">April (2)</a></li>
15124
15125 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2022/06/">June (2)</a></li>
15126
15127 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2022/07/">July (1)</a></li>
15128
15129 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2022/09/">September (1)</a></li>
15130
15131 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2022/10/">October (1)</a></li>
15132
15133 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2022/12/">December (1)</a></li>
15134
15135 </ul></li>
15136
15137 <li>2021
15138 <ul>
15139
15140 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/01/">January (2)</a></li>
15141
15142 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/02/">February (1)</a></li>
15143
15144 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/05/">May (1)</a></li>
15145
15146 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/06/">June (1)</a></li>
15147
15148 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/07/">July (3)</a></li>
15149
15150 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/08/">August (1)</a></li>
15151
15152 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/09/">September (1)</a></li>
15153
15154 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/10/">October (1)</a></li>
15155
15156 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/12/">December (1)</a></li>
15157
15158 </ul></li>
15159
15160 <li>2020
15161 <ul>
15162
15163 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/02/">February (2)</a></li>
15164
15165 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/03/">March (2)</a></li>
15166
15167 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/04/">April (2)</a></li>
15168
15169 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/05/">May (3)</a></li>
15170
15171 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/06/">June (2)</a></li>
15172
15173 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/07/">July (1)</a></li>
15174
15175 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/09/">September (1)</a></li>
15176
15177 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/10/">October (1)</a></li>
15178
15179 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/11/">November (1)</a></li>
15180
15181 </ul></li>
15182
15183 <li>2019
15184 <ul>
15185
15186 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/01/">January (4)</a></li>
15187
15188 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/02/">February (3)</a></li>
15189
15190 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/03/">March (3)</a></li>
15191
15192 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/05/">May (2)</a></li>
15193
15194 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/06/">June (5)</a></li>
15195
15196 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/07/">July (2)</a></li>
15197
15198 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/08/">August (1)</a></li>
15199
15200 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/09/">September (1)</a></li>
15201
15202 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/11/">November (1)</a></li>
15203
15204 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/12/">December (4)</a></li>
15205
15206 </ul></li>
15207
15208 <li>2018
15209 <ul>
15210
15211 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/01/">January (1)</a></li>
15212
15213 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/02/">February (5)</a></li>
15214
15215 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/03/">March (5)</a></li>
15216
15217 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/04/">April (3)</a></li>
15218
15219 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/06/">June (2)</a></li>
15220
15221 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/07/">July (5)</a></li>
15222
15223 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/08/">August (3)</a></li>
15224
15225 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/09/">September (3)</a></li>
15226
15227 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/10/">October (5)</a></li>
15228
15229 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/11/">November (2)</a></li>
15230
15231 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/12/">December (4)</a></li>
15232
15233 </ul></li>
15234
15235 <li>2017
15236 <ul>
15237
15238 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/01/">January (4)</a></li>
15239
15240 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/02/">February (3)</a></li>
15241
15242 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/03/">March (5)</a></li>
15243
15244 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/04/">April (2)</a></li>
15245
15246 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/06/">June (5)</a></li>
15247
15248 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/07/">July (1)</a></li>
15249
15250 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/08/">August (1)</a></li>
15251
15252 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/09/">September (3)</a></li>
15253
15254 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/10/">October (5)</a></li>
15255
15256 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/11/">November (3)</a></li>
15257
15258 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/12/">December (4)</a></li>
15259
15260 </ul></li>
15261
15262 <li>2016
15263 <ul>
15264
15265 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/01/">January (3)</a></li>
15266
15267 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/02/">February (2)</a></li>
15268
15269 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/03/">March (3)</a></li>
15270
15271 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/04/">April (8)</a></li>
15272
15273 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/05/">May (8)</a></li>
15274
15275 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/06/">June (2)</a></li>
15276
15277 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/07/">July (2)</a></li>
15278
15279 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/08/">August (5)</a></li>
15280
15281 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/09/">September (2)</a></li>
15282
15283 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/10/">October (3)</a></li>
15284
15285 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/11/">November (8)</a></li>
15286
15287 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/12/">December (5)</a></li>
15288
15289 </ul></li>
15290
15291 <li>2015
15292 <ul>
15293
15294 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/01/">January (7)</a></li>
15295
15296 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/02/">February (6)</a></li>
15297
15298 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/03/">March (1)</a></li>
15299
15300 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/04/">April (4)</a></li>
15301
15302 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/05/">May (3)</a></li>
15303
15304 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/06/">June (4)</a></li>
15305
15306 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/07/">July (6)</a></li>
15307
15308 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/08/">August (2)</a></li>
15309
15310 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/09/">September (2)</a></li>
15311
15312 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/10/">October (9)</a></li>
15313
15314 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/11/">November (6)</a></li>
15315
15316 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/12/">December (3)</a></li>
15317
15318 </ul></li>
15319
15320 <li>2014
15321 <ul>
15322
15323 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/01/">January (2)</a></li>
15324
15325 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/02/">February (3)</a></li>
15326
15327 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/03/">March (8)</a></li>
15328
15329 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/04/">April (7)</a></li>
15330
15331 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/05/">May (1)</a></li>
15332
15333 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/06/">June (2)</a></li>
15334
15335 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/07/">July (2)</a></li>
15336
15337 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/08/">August (2)</a></li>
15338
15339 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/09/">September (5)</a></li>
15340
15341 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/10/">October (6)</a></li>
15342
15343 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/11/">November (3)</a></li>
15344
15345 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/12/">December (5)</a></li>
15346
15347 </ul></li>
15348
15349 <li>2013
15350 <ul>
15351
15352 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/01/">January (11)</a></li>
15353
15354 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/02/">February (9)</a></li>
15355
15356 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/03/">March (9)</a></li>
15357
15358 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/04/">April (6)</a></li>
15359
15360 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/05/">May (9)</a></li>
15361
15362 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/06/">June (10)</a></li>
15363
15364 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/07/">July (7)</a></li>
15365
15366 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/08/">August (3)</a></li>
15367
15368 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/09/">September (5)</a></li>
15369
15370 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/10/">October (7)</a></li>
15371
15372 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/11/">November (9)</a></li>
15373
15374 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/12/">December (3)</a></li>
15375
15376 </ul></li>
15377
15378 <li>2012
15379 <ul>
15380
15381 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/01/">January (7)</a></li>
15382
15383 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/02/">February (10)</a></li>
15384
15385 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/03/">March (17)</a></li>
15386
15387 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/04/">April (12)</a></li>
15388
15389 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/05/">May (12)</a></li>
15390
15391 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/06/">June (20)</a></li>
15392
15393 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/07/">July (17)</a></li>
15394
15395 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/08/">August (6)</a></li>
15396
15397 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/09/">September (9)</a></li>
15398
15399 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/10/">October (17)</a></li>
15400
15401 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/11/">November (10)</a></li>
15402
15403 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/12/">December (7)</a></li>
15404
15405 </ul></li>
15406
15407 <li>2011
15408 <ul>
15409
15410 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/01/">January (16)</a></li>
15411
15412 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/02/">February (6)</a></li>
15413
15414 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/03/">March (6)</a></li>
15415
15416 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/04/">April (7)</a></li>
15417
15418 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/05/">May (3)</a></li>
15419
15420 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/06/">June (2)</a></li>
15421
15422 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/07/">July (7)</a></li>
15423
15424 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/08/">August (6)</a></li>
15425
15426 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/09/">September (4)</a></li>
15427
15428 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/10/">October (2)</a></li>
15429
15430 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/11/">November (3)</a></li>
15431
15432 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/12/">December (1)</a></li>
15433
15434 </ul></li>
15435
15436 <li>2010
15437 <ul>
15438
15439 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/01/">January (2)</a></li>
15440
15441 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/02/">February (1)</a></li>
15442
15443 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/03/">March (3)</a></li>
15444
15445 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/04/">April (3)</a></li>
15446
15447 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/05/">May (9)</a></li>
15448
15449 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/06/">June (14)</a></li>
15450
15451 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/07/">July (12)</a></li>
15452
15453 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/08/">August (13)</a></li>
15454
15455 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/09/">September (7)</a></li>
15456
15457 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/10/">October (9)</a></li>
15458
15459 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/11/">November (13)</a></li>
15460
15461 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/12/">December (12)</a></li>
15462
15463 </ul></li>
15464
15465 <li>2009
15466 <ul>
15467
15468 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/01/">January (8)</a></li>
15469
15470 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/02/">February (8)</a></li>
15471
15472 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/03/">March (12)</a></li>
15473
15474 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/04/">April (10)</a></li>
15475
15476 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/05/">May (9)</a></li>
15477
15478 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/06/">June (3)</a></li>
15479
15480 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/07/">July (4)</a></li>
15481
15482 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/08/">August (3)</a></li>
15483
15484 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/09/">September (1)</a></li>
15485
15486 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/10/">October (2)</a></li>
15487
15488 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/11/">November (3)</a></li>
15489
15490 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/12/">December (3)</a></li>
15491
15492 </ul></li>
15493
15494 <li>2008
15495 <ul>
15496
15497 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/11/">November (5)</a></li>
15498
15499 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/12/">December (7)</a></li>
15500
15501 </ul></li>
15502
15503 </ul>
15504
15505
15506
15507 <h2>Tags</h2>
15508 <ul>
15509
15510  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/3d-printer">3d-printer (19)</a></li>
15511
15512  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/amiga">amiga (1)</a></li>
15513
15514  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/aros">aros (1)</a></li>
15515
15516  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bankid">bankid (4)</a></li>
15517
15518  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/betalkontant">betalkontant (9)</a></li>
15519
15520  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bitcoin">bitcoin (13)</a></li>
15521
15522  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem (17)</a></li>
15523
15524  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bsa">bsa (2)</a></li>
15525
15526  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/chrpath">chrpath (3)</a></li>
15527
15528  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian (200)</a></li>
15529
15530  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu (159)</a></li>
15531
15532  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian-handbook">debian-handbook (9)</a></li>
15533
15534  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/digistan">digistan (11)</a></li>
15535
15536  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/dld">dld (18)</a></li>
15537
15538  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook (33)</a></li>
15539
15540  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/drivstoffpriser">drivstoffpriser (4)</a></li>
15541
15542  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english (462)</a></li>
15543
15544  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fiksgatami">fiksgatami (23)</a></li>
15545
15546  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fildeling">fildeling (14)</a></li>
15547
15548  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture (34)</a></li>
15549
15550  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freedombox">freedombox (9)</a></li>
15551
15552  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/frikanalen">frikanalen (20)</a></li>
15553
15554  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/h264">h264 (20)</a></li>
15555
15556  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju (43)</a></li>
15557
15558  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram (18)</a></li>
15559
15560  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kart">kart (23)</a></li>
15561
15562  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kodi">kodi (6)</a></li>
15563
15564  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap (9)</a></li>
15565
15566  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lego">lego (5)</a></li>
15567
15568  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker (8)</a></li>
15569
15570  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/linuxcnc">linuxcnc (6)</a></li>
15571
15572  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lsdvd">lsdvd (2)</a></li>
15573
15574  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp (1)</a></li>
15575
15576  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/madewithcc">madewithcc (3)</a></li>
15577
15578  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/mesh network">mesh network (8)</a></li>
15579
15580  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia (46)</a></li>
15581
15582  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nice free software">nice free software (15)</a></li>
15583
15584  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/noark5">noark5 (25)</a></li>
15585
15586  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk (325)</a></li>
15587
15588  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug (199)</a></li>
15589
15590  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn (41)</a></li>
15591
15592  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/open311">open311 (2)</a></li>
15593
15594  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opensnitch">opensnitch (4)</a></li>
15595
15596  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett (76)</a></li>
15597
15598  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern (114)</a></li>
15599
15600  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/raid">raid (4)</a></li>
15601
15602  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reactos">reactos (1)</a></li>
15603
15604  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reprap">reprap (11)</a></li>
15605
15606  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rfid">rfid (3)</a></li>
15607
15608  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/robot">robot (17)</a></li>
15609
15610  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rss">rss (1)</a></li>
15611
15612  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ruter">ruter (7)</a></li>
15613
15614  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/scraperwiki">scraperwiki (2)</a></li>
15615
15616  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet (60)</a></li>
15617
15618  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary (4)</a></li>
15619
15620  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/skepsis">skepsis (5)</a></li>
15621
15622  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard (76)</a></li>
15623
15624  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll (7)</a></li>
15625
15626  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stortinget">stortinget (14)</a></li>
15627
15628  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance (65)</a></li>
15629
15630  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sysadmin">sysadmin (5)</a></li>
15631
15632  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/usenix">usenix (2)</a></li>
15633
15634  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/valg">valg (9)</a></li>
15635
15636  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/verkidetfri">verkidetfri (22)</a></li>
15637
15638  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video (80)</a></li>
15639
15640  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/vitenskap">vitenskap (4)</a></li>
15641
15642  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web (42)</a></li>
15643
15644 </ul>
15645
15646
15647     </div>
15648     <p style="text-align: right">
15649  Created by <a href="http://steve.org.uk/Software/chronicle">Chronicle v4.6</a>
15650 </p>
15651
15652   </body>
15653 </html>