X-Git-Url: http://pere.pagekite.me/gitweb/text-madewithcc.git/blobdiff_plain/ee21bdc928570b0bdbf0e66c414cf3ef9b296598..3e7be77f911b29c4faf587039b95ae4a68635cad:/po/pl/mwcc.po diff --git a/po/pl/mwcc.po b/po/pl/mwcc.po index d923ea9..137a830 100644 --- a/po/pl/mwcc.po +++ b/po/pl/mwcc.po @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Made with Creative Commons 20170609-2\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2018-02-25 06:59+0000\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2018-02-25 07:15+0000\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2017-08-30 10:47+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Stanisław Krukowski \n" "Language-Team: Polish
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:479 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:485 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:486 msgid "Enterprise engagement with commons, state and market." msgstr "" #. type: Content of:
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:481 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:482 msgid "" " " @@ -964,17 +964,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of:
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:480 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:529 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:646 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:775 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:816 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:900 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:481 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:530 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:777 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:819 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:904 msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:491 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:492 msgid "" "It’s helpful to understand how the commons, market, and state manage " "resources differently, and not just for those who consider themselves " @@ -986,12 +986,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:502 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:503 msgid "The Four Aspects of a Resource" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:507 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:508 msgid "" "Daniel H. Cole, “Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the Natural " "Commons for the Knowledge Commons,” in Governing Knowledge Commons, eds. " @@ -1000,7 +1000,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:504 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:505 msgid "" "As part of her Nobel Prize–winning work, Elinor Ostrom developed a framework " "for analyzing how natural resources are managed in a commons.<placeholder " @@ -1012,7 +1012,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:521 msgid "" "To compare and contrast the ways in which the commons, market, and state " "work, let’s consider four aspects of resource management: resource " @@ -1022,13 +1022,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:528 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:535 msgid "Four aspects of resource management" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:530 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:531 msgid "" "<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" "\"Pictures/10000201000007D0000007D0ACF13F8B71EAF0B9.png\" width=\"100.0%\"/> " @@ -1036,12 +1036,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:540 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:541 msgid "Characteristics" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:543 msgid "" "Resources have particular characteristics or attributes that affect the way " "they can be used. Some resources are natural; others are human produced. And—" @@ -1050,7 +1050,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:549 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:550 msgid "" "Physical resources exist in limited supply. If I have a physical resource " "and give it to you, I no longer have it. When a resource is removed and " @@ -1062,7 +1062,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:560 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:561 msgid "" "Physical resources are depletable, exclusive, and rivalrous. Digital " "resources, on the other hand, are nondepletable, nonexclusive, and " @@ -1074,7 +1074,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:570 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:571 msgid "" "The nondepletable, nonexclusive, and nonrivalrous nature of digital " "resources means the rules and norms for managing them can (and ought to) be " @@ -1084,7 +1084,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:578 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:579 msgid "" "Our case studies frequently manage hybrid resources, which start out as " "digital with the possibility of being made into a physical resource. The " @@ -1096,7 +1096,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:589 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:590 msgid "" "Beyond this idea of physical versus digital, the commons, market, and state " "conceive of resources differently (see Fig. 3). The market sees resources " @@ -1108,12 +1108,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:601 msgid "People and processes" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:602 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:603 msgid "" "In the commons, the market, and the state, different people and processes " "are used to manage resources. The processes used define both who has a say " @@ -1121,7 +1121,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:607 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:608 msgid "" "In the state, a government of elected officials is responsible for managing " "resources on behalf of the public. The citizens who produce and use those " @@ -1132,7 +1132,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:617 msgid "" "In the market, the people involved are producers, buyers, sellers, and " "consumers. Businesses act as intermediaries between those who produce " @@ -1143,14 +1143,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:627 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:628 msgid "" "Max Haiven, Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons (New York: Zed Books, 2014), 93." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:626 msgid "" "In contrast to the state and market, resources in a commons are managed more " "directly by the people involved.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -1167,13 +1167,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:645 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:651 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:646 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:653 msgid "How the market, commons and state concieve of resources." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:647 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:649 msgid "" "<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" "\"Pictures/10000201000009C40000065D9EC4F530BD4DFBE0.png\" width=\"100.0%\"/> " @@ -1181,12 +1181,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:658 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:660 msgid "Norms and rules" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:660 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:662 msgid "" "The social interactions between people, and the processes used by the state, " "market, and commons, evolve social norms and rules. These norms and rules " @@ -1194,7 +1194,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:666 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:668 msgid "" "State authority is governed by national constitutions. Norms related to " "priorities and decision making are defined by elected officials and " @@ -1204,7 +1204,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:676 msgid "" "Market norms are influenced by economics and competition for scarce " "resources. Market rules follow property, business, and financial laws " @@ -1212,12 +1212,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:688 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 175." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:679 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:681 msgid "" "As with the market, a commons can be influenced by state policies, " "regulations, and laws. But the norms and rules of a commons are largely " @@ -1228,12 +1228,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:691 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:693 msgid "Goals" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:695 msgid "" "The combination of the aspects we’ve discussed so far—the resource’s " "inherent characteristics, people and processes, and norms and rules—shape " @@ -1242,7 +1242,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:705 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:707 msgid "" "Joshua Farley and Ida Kubiszewski, “The Economics of Information in a Post-" "Carbon Economy,” in Free Knowledge: Confronting the Commodification of Human " @@ -1251,7 +1251,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:700 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:702 msgid "" "In the market, the focus is on maximizing the utility of a resource. What we " "pay for the goods we consume is seen as an objective measure of the utility " @@ -1262,7 +1262,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:715 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:717 msgid "" "The state aims to use and manage resources in a way that balances the " "economy with the social and cultural needs of its citizens. Health care, " @@ -1273,7 +1273,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:724 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:726 msgid "" "In the commons, the goal is maximizing access, equity, distribution, " "participation, innovation, and sustainability. You can measure success by " @@ -1284,7 +1284,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:733 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:735 msgid "" "As hybrid combinations of the commons with the market or state, the success " "and sustainability of all our case study enterprises depends on their " @@ -1293,12 +1293,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:741 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:743 msgid "A Short History of the Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:745 msgid "" "Using the commons to manage resources is part of a long historical " "continuum. However, in contemporary society, the market and the state " @@ -1309,7 +1309,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:754 msgid "" "But the more than 1.1 billion resources licensed with Creative Commons " "around the world are indications of a grassroots move toward the commons. " @@ -1319,7 +1319,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:765 msgid "" "Rowe, Our Common Wealth, 19; and Heather Menzies, Reclaiming the Commons for " "the Common Good: A Memoir and Manifesto (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, " @@ -1327,7 +1327,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:759 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:761 msgid "" "For centuries, indigenous people and preindustrialized societies managed " "resources, including water, food, firewood, irrigation, fish, wild game, and " @@ -1340,13 +1340,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:774 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:776 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:782 msgid "In preindustrialized society." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:776 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:778 msgid "" "<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" "\"Pictures/10000201000009C4000005153EACBD62F00F6BA9.png\" width=\"100.0%\"/> " @@ -1354,12 +1354,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:791 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 55–78." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:792 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:795 msgid "" "Fritjof Capra and Ugo Mattei, The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community (Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015), 46–57; " @@ -1367,7 +1367,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:785 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:788 msgid "" "This is followed by a long history of the state (a monarchy or ruler) taking " "over the commons for their own purposes. This is called enclosure of the " @@ -1379,7 +1379,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:804 msgid "" "Holdings of land, water, and game were distributed to ruling family and " "political appointees. Commoners displaced from the land migrated to cities. " @@ -1394,13 +1394,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:815 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:821 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:818 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:824 msgid "The commons is gradually superseded by the state." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:817 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:820 msgid "" "<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" "\"Pictures/10000201000009C4000005150F069409C1CC12F0.png\" width=\"100.0%\"/> " @@ -1408,14 +1408,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:830 msgid "" "However, the world today is going through turbulent times. The benefits of " "the market have been offset by unequal distribution and overexploitation." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:832 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:835 msgid "" "Overexploitation was the topic of Garrett Hardin’s influential essay “The " "Tragedy of the Commons,” published in Science in 1968. Hardin argues that " @@ -1427,7 +1427,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:862 msgid "" "Brett M. Frischmann, Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, " "“Governing Knowledge Commons,” in Frischmann, Madison, and Strandburg " @@ -1435,7 +1435,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:842 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:845 msgid "" "However, there is one serious flaw with Hardin’s “The Tragedy of the " "Commons”—it’s fiction. Hardin did not actually study how real commons work. " @@ -1455,7 +1455,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:865 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:868 msgid "" "Hardin failed to consider the actual social dynamic of the commons. His " "model assumed that people in the commons act autonomously, out of pure self-" @@ -1468,14 +1468,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:881 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:884 msgid "" "Farley and Kubiszewski, “Economics of Information,” in Elliott and Hepting, " "Free Knowledge, 203." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:877 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:880 msgid "" "Hardin’s story is based on the premise of depletable resources. Economists " "have focused almost exclusively on scarcity-based markets. Very little is " @@ -1489,7 +1489,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:892 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:895 msgid "" "When it comes to use of state funds to create digital goods, however, there " "is really no justification for artificial scarcity. The norm for state " @@ -1498,13 +1498,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:899 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:905 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:909 msgid "How the market, the state and the commons look today." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:901 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:905 msgid "" "<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" "\"Pictures/10000201000009C400000515F1CAA15B223F6BAF.png\" width=\"100.0%\"/> " @@ -1512,12 +1512,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:916 msgid "The Digital Revolution" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:913 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:918 msgid "" "In the early days of computing, programmers and developers learned from each " "other by sharing software. In the 1980s, the free-software movement codified " @@ -1525,12 +1525,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:926 msgid "The freedom to run a software program as you wish, for any purpose." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:932 msgid "" "The freedom to study how a software program works (because access to the " "source code has been freely given), and change it so it does your computing " @@ -1538,12 +1538,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:934 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:939 msgid "The freedom to redistribute copies." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:941 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:946 msgid "" "“What Is Free Software?” GNU Operating System, the Free Software " "Foundation’s Licensing and Compliance Lab, accessed December 30, 2016, " @@ -1551,27 +1551,27 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:939 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:944 msgid "" "The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to others." "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:950 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:955 msgid "" "These principles and freedoms constitute a set of norms and rules that " "typify a digital commons." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:965 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:970 msgid "" "Wikipedia, s.v. “Open-source software,” last modified November 22, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:954 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:959 msgid "" "In the late 1990s, to make the sharing of source code and collaboration more " "appealing to companies, the open-source-software initiative converted these " @@ -1588,7 +1588,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:980 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:985 msgid "" "Eric S. Raymond, “The Magic Cauldron,” in The Cathedral and the Bazaar: " "Musings on Linux and Open Source by an Accidental Revolutionary, rev. ed. " @@ -1597,7 +1597,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:972 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:977 msgid "" "While open-source software functions as a commons, many businesses and " "markets did build up around it. Business models based on the licenses and " @@ -1610,7 +1610,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:989 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:994 msgid "" "It isn’t just about an abundant availability of digital assets but also " "about abundance of participation. The growth of personal computing, " @@ -1625,7 +1625,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1008 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1013 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group, The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? (New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, " @@ -1633,7 +1633,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1002 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1007 msgid "" "But people like to share. One of the ways we define ourselves is by sharing " "valuable and entertaining content. Doing so grows and nourishes " @@ -1643,14 +1643,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1016 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1021 #, fuzzy #| msgid "Made With Creative Commons" msgid "The Birth of Creative Commons" msgstr "Made With Creative Commons" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1018 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1023 msgid "" "In 2001, Creative Commons was created as a nonprofit to support all those " "who wanted to share digital content. A suite of Creative Commons licenses " @@ -1661,7 +1661,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1039 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1044 msgid "" "“Licensing Considerations,” Creative Commons, accessed December 30, 2016, " "<ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/licensing-" @@ -1669,7 +1669,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1027 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1032 msgid "" "Creative Commons licenses have a three-layer design. The norms and rules of " "each license are first expressed in full legal language as used by lawyers. " @@ -1686,7 +1686,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1047 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1052 msgid "" "In 2015, there were over one billion Creative Commons licensed works in a " "global commons. These works were viewed online 136 billion times. People are " @@ -1696,14 +1696,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1060 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1065 msgid "" "Creative Commons, 2015 State of the Commons (Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015), <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1055 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1060 msgid "" "Individual artists, photographers, musicians, and filmmakers use Creative " "Commons, but so do museums, governments, creative industries, manufacturers, " @@ -1715,7 +1715,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1068 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1073 msgid "" "Some see Creative Commons as a way to share a gift with others, a way of " "getting known, or a way to provide social benefit. Others are simply " @@ -1729,7 +1729,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1080 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1085 msgid "" "Over time, Creative Commons has spawned a range of open movements, including " "open educational resources, open access, open science, and open data. The " @@ -1739,7 +1739,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1093 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1098 msgid "" "Wikipedia, s.v. “Open Government Partnership,” last modified September 24, " "2016, <ulink url=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Government_Partnership" @@ -1747,7 +1747,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1088 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1093 msgid "" "The state is increasingly involved in supporting open movements. The Open " "Government Partnership was launched in 2011 to provide an international " @@ -1761,22 +1761,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1104 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1109 msgid "The Changing Market" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1112 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1117 msgid "Capra and Mattei, Ecology of Law, 114." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1120 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1125 msgid "Ibid., 116." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1106 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1111 msgid "" "Today’s market is largely driven by global capitalism. Law and financial " "systems are structured to support extraction, privatization, and corporate " @@ -1792,7 +1792,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1135 msgid "" "The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, “Stockholm " "Statement” accessed February 15, 2017, <ulink url=\"http://sida.se/" @@ -1800,7 +1800,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1124 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1129 msgid "" "In light of these challenges there is a growing recognition that GDP growth " "should not be an end in itself, that development needs to be socially and " @@ -1810,7 +1810,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1141 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1146 msgid "" "City of Bologna, Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons, trans. LabGov (LABoratory " @@ -1821,7 +1821,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1156 msgid "" "The Seoul Sharing City website is <ulink url=\"http://english.sharehub.kr\"/" ">; for Amsterdam Sharing City, go to <ulink url=\"http://www.sharenl.nl/" @@ -1829,7 +1829,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1141 msgid "" "These realizations have led to a resurgence of interest in the commons as a " "means of enabling that balance. City governments like Bologna, Italy, are " @@ -1842,14 +1842,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1173 msgid "" "Tom Slee, What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy (New York: OR " "Books, 2015), 42." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1158 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1163 msgid "" "The market itself has taken an interest in the sharing economy, with " "businesses like Airbnb providing a peer-to-peer marketplace for short-term " @@ -1869,7 +1869,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1190 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1195 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, Reprint with new preface. (New York: Hyperion, " @@ -1877,7 +1877,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1180 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1185 msgid "" "One way Made with Creative Commons case studies differ from those of the " "sharing economy is their focus on digital resources. Digital resources " @@ -1891,7 +1891,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1196 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1201 msgid "" "Those that are Made with Creative Commons are looking to leverage the unique " "inherent characteristics of digital resources, including lowering costs. The " @@ -1906,7 +1906,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1215 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1220 msgid "" "Jeremy Rifkin, The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism (New York: Palgrave " @@ -1914,7 +1914,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1215 msgid "" "The incremental cost of storing, copying, and distributing digital goods is " "next to zero, making abundance possible. But imagining a market based on " @@ -1926,7 +1926,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1228 msgid "" "Some are looking to minimize their interactions with the market and operate " "as autonomously as possible. Others are operating largely as a business " @@ -1935,7 +1935,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1242 msgid "" "Gar Alperovitz, What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution: Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -1943,14 +1943,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1246 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1251 msgid "" "Marjorie Kelly, Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012), 8–9." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1230 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1235 msgid "" "For an ordinary corporation, making social benefit a part of its operations " "is difficult, as it’s legally required to make decisions that financially " @@ -1965,7 +1965,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1259 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1264 msgid "" "Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " "John Wiley and Sons, 2010). A preview of the book is available at <ulink url=" @@ -1973,7 +1973,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1252 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1257 msgid "" "“A book on open business models” is how we described it in this book’s " "Kickstarter campaign. We used a handbook called Business Model Generation as " @@ -1984,14 +1984,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1273 msgid "" "This business model canvas is available to download at <ulink url=\"http://" "strategyzer.com/canvas/business-model-canvas\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1276 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1281 msgid "" "We’ve made the “Open Business Model Canvas,” designed by the coauthor Paul " "Stacey, available online at <ulink url=\"http://docs.google.com/drawings/" @@ -2002,7 +2002,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1266 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1271 msgid "" "It contains a “business model canvas,” which conceives of a business model " "as having nine building blocks.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -2016,7 +2016,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1286 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1291 msgid "" "In our case study interviews, many expressed discomfort over describing " "themselves as an open business model—the term business model suggested " @@ -2029,8 +2029,18 @@ msgid "" "emergent, and organic rather than carefully planned using a predefined model." msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1312 +msgid "" +"A more comprehensive list of revenue streams is available in this post I " +"wrote on Medium on March 6, 2016. “What Is an Open Business Model and How " +"Can You Generate Revenue?”, available at <ulink url=\"http://medium.com/made-" +"with-creative-commons/what-is-an-open-business-model-and-how-can-you-" +"generate-revenue-5854d2659b15\"/>." +msgstr "" + #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1304 msgid "" "The creators, businesses, and organizations we profile all engage with the " "market to generate revenue in some way. The ways in which this is done vary " @@ -2038,19 +2048,19 @@ msgid "" "physical for a fee,” crowdfunding, matchmaking, value-add services, " "patrons . . . the list goes on and on. (Initial description of how to earn " "revenue available through reference note. For latest thinking see How to " -"Bring In Money in the next section.) 36 There is no single magic bullet, and " -"each endeavor has devised ways that work for them. Most make use of more " -"than one way. Diversifying revenue streams lowers risk and provides multiple " -"paths to sustainability." +"Bring In Money in the next section.)<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/" +"> There is no single magic bullet, and each endeavor has devised ways that " +"work for them. Most make use of more than one way. Diversifying revenue " +"streams lowers risk and provides multiple paths to sustainability." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1313 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1324 msgid "Benefits of the Digital Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1315 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1326 msgid "" "While it may be clear why commons-based organizations want to interact and " "engage with the market (they need money to survive), it may be less obvious " @@ -2059,7 +2069,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1321 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1332 msgid "" "The commons speeds dissemination. The free flow of resources in the commons " "offers tremendous economies of scale. Distribution is decentralized, with " @@ -2069,7 +2079,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1341 msgid "" "The commons ensures access to all. The market has traditionally operated by " "putting resources behind a paywall requiring payment first before access. " @@ -2083,7 +2093,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1343 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1354 msgid "" "The commons maximizes participation. Resources in the commons can be used " "and contributed to by everyone. Using the resources of others, contributing " @@ -2097,7 +2107,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1365 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1376 msgid "" "Henry Chesbrough, Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and " "Profiting from Technology (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006), 31–" @@ -2105,7 +2115,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1356 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1367 msgid "" "The commons spurs innovation. Resources in the hands of more people who can " "use them leads to new ideas. The way commons resources can be modified, " @@ -2121,7 +2131,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1374 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1385 msgid "" "The commons boosts reach and impact. The digital commons is global. " "Resources may be created for a local or regional need, but they go far and " @@ -2135,7 +2145,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1387 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1398 msgid "" "The commons is generative. Instead of extracting value, the commons adds " "value. Digitized resources persist without becoming depleted, and through " @@ -2150,7 +2160,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1401 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1412 msgid "" "The commons brings people together for a common cause. The commons vests " "people directly with the responsibility to manage the resources for the " @@ -2166,7 +2176,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1416 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1427 msgid "" "The benefits of the commons are many. When these benefits align with the " "goals of individuals, communities, businesses in the market, or state " @@ -2175,12 +2185,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1423 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1434 msgid "Our Case Studies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1425 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1436 msgid "" "The creators, organizations, and businesses in our case studies operate as " "nonprofits, for-profits, and social enterprises. Regardless of legal " @@ -2193,7 +2203,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1437 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1448 msgid "" "The case studies are based on the narratives told to us by founders and key " "staff. Instead of solely using financials as the measure of success and " @@ -2203,7 +2213,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1456 msgid "" "Our case studies are diverse, ranging from publishing to education and " "manufacturing. All of the organizations, businesses, and creators in the " @@ -2215,7 +2225,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1455 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1466 msgid "" "They are creating new resources, or using the resources of others, or mixing " "existing resources together to make something new. They, and their audience, " @@ -2225,7 +2235,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1474 msgid "" "And as users of Creative Commons licenses, they are automatically part of a " "global community. The new digital commons is global. Those we profiled come " @@ -2234,7 +2244,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1470 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1481 msgid "" "Creative Commons licenses may express legal rules around the use of " "resources in a commons, but success in the commons requires more than " @@ -2249,7 +2259,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1483 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1494 msgid "" "The new digital commons is here to stay. Made With Creative Commons case " "studies show how it’s possible to be part of this commons while still " @@ -2260,7 +2270,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1492 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1503 msgid "" "Enterprise use of Creative Commons has only just begun. The case studies in " "this book are merely starting points. Each is changing and evolving over " @@ -2271,19 +2281,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1503 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1514 #, fuzzy #| msgid "Made with Creative Commons" msgid "How to Be Made with Creative Commons" msgstr "Stworzone zgodnie z Creative Commons" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1505 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1516 msgid "Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1508 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1519 msgid "" "When we began this project in August 2015, we set out to write a book about " "business models that involve Creative Commons licenses in some significant " @@ -2300,7 +2310,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1524 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1535 msgid "" "We analyzed the revenue models, customer segments, and value propositions of " "each endeavor. We searched for ways that putting their content under " @@ -2312,7 +2322,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1545 msgid "" "In fairly short order, we realized the book we set out to write was quite " "different from the one that was revealing itself in our interviews and " @@ -2320,7 +2330,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1539 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1550 msgid "" "It isn’t that we were wrong to think you can make money while using Creative " "Commons licenses. In many instances, CC can help make you more money. Nor " @@ -2331,7 +2341,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1551 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1562 msgid "" "Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " "John Wiley and Sons, 2010), 14. A preview of the book is available at <ulink " @@ -2339,7 +2349,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1548 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1559 msgid "" "According to the seminal handbook Business Model Generation, a business " "model “describes the rationale of how an organization creates, delivers, and " @@ -2351,7 +2361,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1562 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1573 msgid "" "Eventually, we got it. Being Made with Creative Commons is more than a " "business model. While we will talk about specific revenue models as one " @@ -2360,7 +2370,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1580 msgid "" "Admittedly, it took me a long time to get there. When Paul and I divided up " "our writing after finishing the research, my charge was to distill " @@ -2372,7 +2382,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1590 msgid "" "In every interview, we started from the same simple questions. Amid all the " "diversity among the creators, organizations, and businesses we profiled, " @@ -2385,7 +2395,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1591 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1602 msgid "" "But we also started to realize something about what it means to be Made with " "Creative Commons. When people talked to us about how and why they used CC, " @@ -2395,7 +2405,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1599 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1610 msgid "" "At one level, being Made with Creative Commons expresses an affinity for the " "value of Creative Commons. While there are many different flavors of CC " @@ -2410,7 +2420,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1613 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1624 msgid "" "Whether the public makes use of the opportunity to copy and adapt your work, " "sharing with a Creative Commons license is a symbol of how you want to " @@ -2424,7 +2434,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1636 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons not only demonstrates values connected to " "CC and sharing. It also demonstrates that something other than profit drives " @@ -2434,14 +2444,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1649 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney’s, 2014) 68." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1644 msgid "" "The driving motivation varies depending on the type of endeavor. For " "individual creators, it is most often about personal inspiration. In some " @@ -2456,7 +2466,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1649 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1660 msgid "" "Many that are Made with Creative Commons have an express social mission that " "underpins everything they do. In many cases, sharing with Creative Commons " @@ -2468,7 +2478,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1659 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1670 msgid "" "This dynamic is probably one reason why there are so many nonprofit examples " "of being Made with Creative Commons. The content is the result of a labor of " @@ -2480,7 +2490,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1669 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1680 msgid "" "Even if profit isn’t the end goal, you have to bring in money to be " "successfully Made with Creative Commons. At a bare minimum, you have to make " @@ -2488,7 +2498,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1685 msgid "" "The costs of doing business vary widely for those made with CC, but there is " "generally a much lower threshold for sustainability than there used to be " @@ -2501,12 +2511,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1691 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1702 msgid "Ibid., 55." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1697 msgid "" "Some creation costs are the same as they always were. It takes the same " "amount of time and money to write a peer-reviewed journal article or paint a " @@ -2521,7 +2531,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1703 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1714 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface (New York: Hyperion, 2010), " @@ -2529,7 +2539,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1700 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1711 msgid "" "Distributing content is almost universally cheaper than ever. Once content " "is created, the costs to distribute copies digitally are essentially zero." @@ -2543,12 +2553,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1725 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1736 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1715 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1726 msgid "" "It’s important to recognize that the biggest impact of technology on " "creative endeavors is that creators can now foot the costs of creation and " @@ -2566,7 +2576,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1743 msgid "" "Whether for an individual creator or a larger endeavor, it usually isn’t " "enough to break even if you want to make what you’re doing a livelihood. You " @@ -2581,7 +2591,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1745 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1756 msgid "" "This book is a testament to the notion that it is possible to make money " "while using CC licenses and CC-licensed content, but we are still very much " @@ -2591,7 +2601,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1753 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1764 msgid "" "There are, however, plenty of ways in which CC licensing can be good for " "business in fairly predictable ways. The first is how it helps solve " @@ -2599,26 +2609,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1769 msgid "Problem Zero: Getting Discovered" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1765 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1776 msgid "" "Amanda Palmer, The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help (New York: Grand Central, 2014), 121." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1779 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1790 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Makers: The New Industrial Revolution (New York: Signal, " "2012), 64." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1760 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1771 msgid "" "Once you create or collect your content, the next step is finding users, " "customers, fans—in other words, your people. As Amanda Palmer wrote, “It has " @@ -2638,26 +2648,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1792 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1803 msgid "" "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1798 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1809 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 66." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1802 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1813 msgid "" "Bryan Kramer, Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy (New " "York: Morgan James, 2016), 10." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1785 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1796 msgid "" "While finding “your people” online is theoretically easier than in the " "analog world, as a practical matter it can still be difficult to actually " @@ -2675,12 +2685,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1816 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1827 msgid "Anderson, Free, 62." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1808 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1819 msgid "" "When you come to the Internet armed with an all-rights-reserved mentality " "from the start, you are often restricting access to your work before there " @@ -2697,12 +2707,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1830 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1841 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 38." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1826 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1837 msgid "" "Of course, it’s not that being discovered by people who like your work will " "make you rich—far from it. But as Cory Doctorow says, “Recognition is one of " @@ -2711,7 +2721,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1845 msgid "" "Choosing not to spend time and energy restricting access to your work and " "policing infringement also builds goodwill. Lumen Learning, a for-profit " @@ -2724,12 +2734,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1851 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1862 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 68." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1856 msgid "" "It is not just that restricting access to your work may undermine your " "social mission. It also may alienate the people who most value your creative " @@ -2740,7 +2750,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1855 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1866 msgid "" "The fact that copying can carry criminal penalties undoubtedly deters " "copying it, but copying with the click of a button is too easy and " @@ -2751,7 +2761,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1864 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1875 msgid "" "If you take some amount of copying and sharing your work as a given, you can " "invest your time and resources elsewhere, rather than wasting them on " @@ -2768,12 +2778,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1884 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1895 msgid "Anderson, Free, 86." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1880 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1891 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons means you stop thinking about ways to " "artificially make your content scarce, and instead leverage it as the " @@ -2785,12 +2795,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1895 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1906 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 144." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1892 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1903 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow says it costs him nothing when other people make copies of his " "work, and it opens the possibility that he might get something in return." @@ -2804,19 +2814,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1905 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1916 msgid "" "There are all kinds of way to leverage the power of sharing and remix to " "your benefit. Here are a few." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1909 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1920 msgid "Use CC to grow a larger audience" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1922 msgid "" "Putting a Creative Commons license on your content won’t make it " "automatically go viral, but eliminating legal barriers to copying the work " @@ -2829,7 +2839,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1923 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1934 msgid "" "The Conversation is an online news site with in-depth articles written by " "academics who are experts on particular topics. All of the articles are CC-" @@ -2839,12 +2849,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1939 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1950 msgid "Anderson, Free, 123." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1932 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1943 msgid "" "The idea that more eyeballs equates with more success is a form of the max " "strategy, adopted by Google and other technology companies. According to " @@ -2860,17 +2870,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1953 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1964 msgid "Ibid., 132." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1958 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1969 msgid "Ibid., 70." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1948 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1959 msgid "" "If you are successful in reaching more users, readers, listeners, or other " "consumers of your work, you can start to benefit from the bandwagon effect. " @@ -2882,12 +2892,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1963 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1974 msgid "Use CC to get attribution and name recognition" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1977 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1988 msgid "" "James Surowiecki, The Wisdom of Crowds (New York: Anchor Books, 2005), 124. " "Surowiecki says, “The measure of success of laws and contracts is how rarely " @@ -2895,7 +2905,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1965 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1976 msgid "" "Every Creative Commons license requires that credit be given to the author, " "and that reusers supply a link back to the original source of the material. " @@ -2913,7 +2923,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1999 msgid "" "The fact that the name of the creator follows a CC-licensed work makes the " "licenses an important means to develop a reputation or, in corporate speak, " @@ -2928,7 +2938,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2002 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2013 msgid "" "Attribution can be about more than just receiving credit. It can also be " "about establishing provenance. People naturally want to know where content " @@ -2943,7 +2953,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2017 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2028 msgid "" "Knowing the source of a work is also critical to ensuring its credibility. " "Just as a trademark is designed to give consumers a way to identify the " @@ -2954,12 +2964,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2027 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2038 msgid "Use CC-licensed content as a marketing tool" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2029 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2040 msgid "" "As we will cover in more detail later, many endeavors that are Made with " "Creative Commons make money by providing a product or service other than the " @@ -2970,12 +2980,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2051 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2062 msgid "Anderson, Free, 44." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2038 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2049 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched’s Pinter told us she has seen time and again how " "offering CC-licensed content—that is, digitally for free—actually increases " @@ -2992,7 +3002,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2055 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2066 msgid "" "In some cases, endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons do not even " "need dedicated marketing teams or marketing budgets. Cards Against Humanity " @@ -3009,12 +3019,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2072 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2083 msgid "Use CC to enable hands-on engagement with your work" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2075 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2086 msgid "" "The great promise of Creative Commons licensing is that it signifies an " "embrace of remix culture. Indeed, this is the great promise of digital " @@ -3023,12 +3033,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2089 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2100 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 23." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2082 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2093 msgid "" "Four of the six CC licenses enable reusers to take apart, build upon, or " "otherwise adapt the work. Depending on the context, adaptation can mean " @@ -3042,29 +3052,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2102 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2113 msgid "Anderson, Free, 67." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2107 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2118 msgid "Ibid., 58." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2110 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2121 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 71." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2115 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2126 msgid "" "Clay Shirky, Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators (London: Penguin Books, 2010), 78." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2097 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2108 msgid "" "This is a way to counteract a potential downside of the abundance of free " "and open content described above. As Anderson wrote in Free, “People often " @@ -3081,12 +3091,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2128 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2139 msgid "Ibid., 21." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2121 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2132 msgid "" "Actively engaging with the content helps us avoid the type of aimless " "consumption that anyone who has absentmindedly scrolled through their social-" @@ -3098,17 +3108,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2145 msgid "Use CC to differentiate yourself" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2143 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2154 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 43." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2147 msgid "" "Operating under a traditional copyright regime usually means operating under " "the rules of establishment players in the media. Business strategies that " @@ -3124,12 +3134,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2155 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2166 msgid "Making Money" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2165 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2176 msgid "" "William Landes Foster, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen, “Ten Nonprofit " "Funding Models,” Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring 2009, <ulink url=" @@ -3137,7 +3147,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2168 msgid "" "Like any moneymaking endeavor, those that are Made with Creative Commons " "have to generate some type of value for their audience or customers. " @@ -3155,12 +3165,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2186 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2197 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 111." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2178 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2189 msgid "" "Most who are Made with Creative Commons use a variety of methods to bring in " "revenue, some market-based and some not. One common strategy is using grant " @@ -3172,7 +3182,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2190 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2201 msgid "" "Our case studies explore in more detail the various revenue-generating " "mechanisms used by the creators, organizations, and businesses we " @@ -3183,24 +3193,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2199 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2210 msgid "Market-based revenue streams" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2215 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 30." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2222 msgid "" "Jim Whitehurst, The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance " "(Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015), 202." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2201 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2212 msgid "" "In the market, the central question when determining how to bring in revenue " "is what value people are willing to pay for.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -3212,12 +3222,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2238 msgid "Anderson, Free, 71." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2217 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2228 msgid "" "In many ways, this is the way of the future for all content-driven " "endeavors. In the market, value lives in things that are scarce. Because the " @@ -3235,12 +3245,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2246 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2257 msgid "Ibid., 231." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2236 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2247 msgid "" "Of course, this doesn’t mean that content-driven endeavors have no future in " "the traditional marketplace. In Free, Anderson explains how when one product " @@ -3253,7 +3263,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2250 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2261 msgid "" "In light of this reality, in some ways endeavors that are Made with Creative " "Commons are at a level playing field with all content-based endeavors in the " @@ -3264,7 +3274,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2259 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2270 msgid "" "For content creators and distributors, there are nearly infinite ways to " "provide value to the consumers of your work, above and beyond the value that " @@ -3273,24 +3283,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2266 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2277 msgid "Here are the most common high-level categories." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2270 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2281 msgid "" "Providing a custom service to consumers of your work <emphasis>[MARKET-" "BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2280 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2291 msgid "Ibid., 97." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2273 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2284 msgid "" "In this age of information abundance, we don’t lack for content. The trick " "is finding content that matches our needs and wants, so customized services " @@ -3303,17 +3313,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2287 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2298 msgid "Charging for the physical copy <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2294 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2305 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 107." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2301 msgid "" "In his book about maker culture, Anderson characterizes this model as giving " "away the bits and selling the atoms (where bits refers to digital content " @@ -3337,12 +3347,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2318 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2329 msgid "Charging for the in-person version <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2321 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2332 msgid "" "As anyone who has ever gone to a concert will tell you, experiencing " "creativity in person is a completely different experience from consuming a " @@ -3353,12 +3363,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2343 msgid "Selling merchandise <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2335 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2346 msgid "" "In many cases, people who like your work will pay for products demonstrating " "a connection to your work. As a child of the 1980s, I can personally attest " @@ -3367,12 +3377,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2352 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2363 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 89." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2342 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2353 msgid "" "Sometimes the way to find a market-based revenue stream is by providing " "value to people other than those who consume your CC-licensed content. In " @@ -3388,22 +3398,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2370 msgid "Charging advertisers or sponsors <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2367 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2378 msgid "Ibid., 92." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2371 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2382 msgid "Anderson, Free, 142." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2362 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2373 msgid "" "The traditional model of subsidizing free content is advertising. In this " "version of multi-sided platforms, advertisers pay for the opportunity to " @@ -3419,12 +3429,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2380 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2391 msgid "Charging your content creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2394 msgid "" "Another type of multisided platform is where the content creators themselves " "pay to be featured on the platform. Obviously, this revenue stream is only " @@ -3438,17 +3448,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2397 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2408 msgid "Charging a transaction fee <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2402 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2413 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 32." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2400 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2411 msgid "" "This is a version of a traditional business model based on brokering " "transactions between parties.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -3462,13 +3472,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2425 msgid "" "Providing a service to your creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2417 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2428 msgid "" "As mentioned above, endeavors can make money by providing customized " "services to their users. Platforms can undertake a variation of this service " @@ -3479,12 +3489,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2438 msgid "Licensing a trademark <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2430 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2441 msgid "" "Finally, some that are Made with Creative Commons make money by selling use " "of their trademarks. Well known brands that consumers associate with " @@ -3497,12 +3507,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2442 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2453 msgid "Reciprocity-based revenue streams" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2444 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2455 msgid "" "Even if we set aside grant funding, we found that the traditional economic " "framework of understanding the market failed to fully capture the ways the " @@ -3511,7 +3521,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2451 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2462 msgid "" "Rather than devising a scheme to get people to pay money in exchange for " "some direct value provided to them, many of the revenue streams were more " @@ -3525,7 +3535,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2464 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2475 msgid "" "This should be a familiar dynamic—it is the way you deal with your friends " "and family. We give without regard for what and when we will get back. David " @@ -3535,17 +3545,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2485 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 150." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2489 msgid "Ibid., 134." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2472 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2483 msgid "" "What is rare is to incorporate this sort of relationship into an endeavor " "that also engages with the market.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -3555,13 +3565,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2483 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2494 msgid "" "Memberships and individual donations <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2486 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2497 msgid "" "While memberships and donations are traditional nonprofit funding models, in " "the Made with Creative Commons context, they are directly tied to the " @@ -3576,12 +3586,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2502 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2513 msgid "The pay-what-you-want model <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2505 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2516 msgid "" "In the pay-what-you-want model, the beneficiary of Creative Commons content " "is invited to give—at any amount they can and feel is appropriate, based on " @@ -3594,12 +3604,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2518 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2529 msgid "Crowdfunding <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2521 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2532 msgid "" "Crowdfunding models are based on recouping the costs of creating and " "distributing content before the content is created. If the endeavor is Made " @@ -3617,7 +3627,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2539 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2550 msgid "" "Other types of crowdfunding rely on a sense of responsibility that a " "particular community may feel. Knowledge Unlatched pools funds from major U." @@ -3628,12 +3638,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2561 msgid "Making Human Connections" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2563 msgid "" "Regardless of how they made money, in our interviews, we repeatedly heard " "language like “persuading people to buy” and “inviting people to pay.” We " @@ -3650,7 +3660,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2568 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2579 msgid "" "Nearly every endeavor we profiled relied, at least in part, on people being " "invested in what they do. The closer the Creative Commons content is to " @@ -3660,7 +3670,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2576 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2587 msgid "" "It took me a very long time to see how this avoidance of thinking about what " "they do in pure market terms was deeply tied to being Made with Creative " @@ -3668,7 +3678,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2581 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2592 msgid "" "I came to the research with preconceived notions about what Creative Commons " "is and what it means to be Made with Creative Commons. It turned out I was " @@ -3676,7 +3686,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2586 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2597 msgid "" "Obviously, being Made with Creative Commons means using Creative Commons " "licenses. That much I knew. But in our interviews, people spoke of so much " @@ -3689,7 +3699,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2608 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons is not just about the simple act of " "licensing a copyrighted work under a set of standardized terms, but also " @@ -3704,7 +3714,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2611 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2622 msgid "" "The rest of this section will explore some of the common strategies that " "creators, companies, and organizations use to remind us that there are " @@ -3713,19 +3723,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2618 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2629 msgid "Be human" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2622 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2633 msgid "" "Dan Ariely, Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions, rev. ed. (New York: Harper Perennial, 2010), 109." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2620 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2631 msgid "" "Humans are social animals, which means we are naturally inclined to treat " "each other well.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> But the further " @@ -3736,14 +3746,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2646 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2657 msgid "" "Austin Kleon, Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered (New York: Workman, 2014), 93." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2644 msgid "" "To counteract the anonymous and impersonal tendencies of how we operate " "online, individual creators and corporations who use Creative Commons " @@ -3759,7 +3769,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2652 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2663 msgid "" "A critical component to doing this effectively is not worrying about being a " "“brand.” That means not being afraid to be vulnerable. Amanda Palmer says, " @@ -3772,12 +3782,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2672 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2683 msgid "Kramer, Shareology, 76." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2675 msgid "" "This advice is probably even more important for businesses and organizations " "because we instinctively conceive of them as nonhuman (though in the United " @@ -3790,22 +3800,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2689 msgid "Be open and accountable" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2687 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2698 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 252." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2692 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2703 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 145." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2691 msgid "" "Transparency helps people understand who you are and why you do what you do, " "but it also inspires trust. Max Temkin of Cards Against Humanity told us, " @@ -3819,17 +3829,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2712 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 203." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2708 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2719 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 80." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2696 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2707 msgid "" "Being accountable does not mean operating on consensus. According to James " "Surowiecki, consensus-driven groups tend to resort to lowest-common-" @@ -3846,22 +3856,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2716 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2727 msgid "Design for the good actors" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2720 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2731 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 25." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2725 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2736 msgid "Ibid., 31." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2729 msgid "" "Traditional economics assumes people make decisions based solely on their " "own economic self-interest.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Any " @@ -3879,12 +3889,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2754 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 112." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2748 msgid "" "The assumption that people will largely do the right thing can be a self-" "fulfilling prophecy. Shirky wrote in Cognitive Surplus, “Systems that assume " @@ -3897,12 +3907,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2760 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2771 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 124." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2750 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2761 msgid "" "Rather than trying to exert control over people’s behavior, this mode of " "operating requires a certain level of trust. We might not realize it, but " @@ -3916,22 +3926,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2765 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2776 msgid "Treat humans like, well, humans" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2770 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2781 msgid "Kleon, Show Your Work, 127." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2778 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2789 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 121." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2778 msgid "" "For creators, treating people as humans means not treating them like fans. " "As Kleon says, “If you want fans, you have to be a fan first.”<placeholder " @@ -3945,7 +3955,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2782 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2793 msgid "" "The same idea goes for businesses and organizations. Rather than automating " "its customer service, the music platform Tribe of Noise makes a point to " @@ -3953,17 +3963,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2793 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2804 msgid "Ariely, Predictably Irrational, 87." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2803 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2814 msgid "Ibid., 105." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2799 msgid "" "When we treat people like humans, they typically return the gift in kind. " "It’s called karma. But social relationships are fragile. It is all too easy " @@ -3979,12 +3989,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2808 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2819 msgid "State your principles and stick to them" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2821 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons makes a statement about who you are and " "what you do. The symbolism is powerful. Using Creative Commons licenses " @@ -3997,7 +4007,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2822 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2833 msgid "" "The expression of your values doesn’t have to be implicit. In fact, many of " "the people we interviewed talked about how important it is to state your " @@ -4010,12 +4020,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2848 msgid "Ibid., 36." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2833 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2844 msgid "" "When your end goal is not about making a profit, people trust that you " "aren’t just trying to extract value for your own gain. People notice when " @@ -4025,19 +4035,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2843 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2854 msgid "Build a community" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2851 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2862 msgid "" "Jono Bacon, The Art of Community, 2nd ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012), 36." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2856 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Sarah writes, “Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive when " @@ -4075,17 +4085,17 @@ msgstr "" "od kogoś, że »[...] to, co ty robisz, ma dla mnie wartość wyjątkową«”." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2867 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2878 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 98." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2874 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2885 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 34." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2870 msgid "" "To be sustainable, though, you have to work to nurture community. People " "have to care—about you and each other. One critical piece to this is " @@ -4101,17 +4111,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2886 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2897 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 200." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2890 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2901 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 29." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2878 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2889 msgid "" "Communities that collaborate together take deliberate planning. Surowiecki " "wrote, “It takes a lot of work to put the group together. It’s difficult to " @@ -4127,19 +4137,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2896 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2907 msgid "" "Community takes work, but working together, or even simply being connected " "around common interests or values, is in many ways what sharing is about." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2913 msgid "Give more to the commons than you take" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2913 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2924 msgid "" "Giana Eckhardt and Fleura Bardhi, “The Sharing Economy Isn’t about Sharing " "at All,” Harvard Business Review (website), January 28, 2015, <ulink url=" @@ -4147,14 +4157,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2932 msgid "" "Lisa Gansky, The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing, reprint with " "new epilogue (New York: Portfolio, 2012)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2904 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2915 msgid "" "Conventional wisdom in the marketplace dictates that people should try to " "extract as much money as possible from resources. This is essentially what " @@ -4169,7 +4179,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2937 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2948 msgid "" "David Lee, “Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the Internet,” " "BBC News, March 3, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/news/" @@ -4177,7 +4187,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2938 msgid "" "Sharing requires adding as much or more value to the ecosystem than you " "take. You can’t simply treat open content as a free pool of resources from " @@ -4193,7 +4203,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2946 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2957 msgid "" "In all cases, it is important to openly acknowledge the amount of value you " "add versus that which you draw on that was created by others. Being " @@ -4205,28 +4215,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2957 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2968 msgid "Involve people in what you do" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2962 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2973 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 148." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2966 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2977 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 164." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2973 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2984 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3048 msgid "Whitehurst, foreword to Open Organization." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2959 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2970 msgid "" "Thanks to the Internet, we can tap into the talents and expertise of people " "around the globe. Chris Anderson calls it the Long Tail of talent." @@ -4242,12 +4252,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2986 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2997 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 144." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2977 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2988 msgid "" "As the success of Wikipedia demonstrates, editing an online encyclopedia is " "exactly the sort of activity that is perfect for massive co-creation because " @@ -4260,17 +4270,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2998 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3009 msgid "Ibid., 154." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3010 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3021 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 163." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2990 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3001 msgid "" "It is easy to romanticize the opportunities for global cocreation made " "possible by the Internet, and, indeed, the successful examples of it are " @@ -4291,19 +4301,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3021 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3032 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 173." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3028 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3039 msgid "" "Tom Kelley and David Kelley, Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All (New York: Crown, 2013), 82." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3014 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3025 msgid "" "While we tend to immediately think of cocreation and remixing when we hear " "the word collaboration, you can also involve others in your creative process " @@ -4318,14 +4328,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3045 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3056 msgid "" "Rachel Botsman and Roo Rogers, What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption (New York: Harper Business, 2010), 188." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3045 msgid "" "There is no one way to involve people in what you do. They key is finding a " "way for people to contribute on their terms, compelled by their own " @@ -4339,14 +4349,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3054 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3065 #, fuzzy #| msgid "Made With Creative Commons" msgid "The Creative Commons Licenses" msgstr "Made With Creative Commons" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3056 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3067 msgid "" "All of the Creative Commons licenses grant a basic set of permissions. At a " "minimum, a CC- licensed work can be copied and shared in its original form " @@ -4361,12 +4371,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3070 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3081 msgid "Here are the six licenses:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><informalfigure><mediaobject> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3074 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3085 msgid "" "<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" "\"Pictures/10000201000001930000008D83BF99FC0821C489.png\" width=\"40.0%\"/> " @@ -4374,7 +4384,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3094 msgid "" "The Attribution license (CC BY) lets others distribute, remix, tweak, and " "build upon your work, even commercially, as long as they credit you for the " @@ -4383,7 +4393,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><informalfigure><mediaobject> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3091 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3102 msgid "" "<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" "\"Pictures/10000201000001930000008DFD3592CB17C4EC38.png\" width=\"40.0%\"/> " @@ -4391,7 +4401,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3100 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3111 msgid "" "The Attribution-Share-Alike license (CC BY-SA) lets others remix, tweak, and " "build upon your work, even for commercial purposes, as long as they credit " @@ -4402,7 +4412,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><informalfigure><mediaobject> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3110 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3121 msgid "" "<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" "\"Pictures/10000201000001930000008D254882DE24793FEA.png\" width=\"40.0%\"/> " @@ -4410,7 +4420,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3119 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3130 msgid "" "The Attribution-NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND) allows for redistribution, " "commercial and noncommercial, as long as it is passed along unchanged with " @@ -4418,7 +4428,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><informalfigure><mediaobject> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3125 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3136 msgid "" "<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" "\"Pictures/10000201000001930000008DCAF78FB61D1CBDA6.png\" width=\"40.0%\"/> " @@ -4426,7 +4436,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3145 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial license (CC BY-NC) lets others remix, tweak, " "and build upon your work noncommercially. Although their new works must also " @@ -4435,7 +4445,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><informalfigure><mediaobject> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3141 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3152 msgid "" "<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" "\"Pictures/10000201000001930000008D16DA603376395620.png\" width=\"40.0%\"/> " @@ -4443,7 +4453,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3150 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3161 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license (CC BY-NC-SA) lets others " "remix, tweak, and build upon your work noncommercially, as long as they " @@ -4451,7 +4461,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><informalfigure><mediaobject> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3168 msgid "" "<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" "\"Pictures/10000201000001930000008DC3FEF92B21310965.png\" width=\"40.0%\"/> " @@ -4459,7 +4469,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3166 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3177 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs license (CC BY-NC-ND) is the most " "restrictive of our six main licenses, only allowing others to download your " @@ -4468,7 +4478,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3173 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3184 msgid "" "In addition to these six licenses, Creative Commons has two public-domain " "tools—one for creators and the other for those who manage collections of " @@ -4476,7 +4486,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><informalfigure><mediaobject> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3180 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3191 msgid "" "<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" "\"Pictures/10000201000001900000008DBE3414994CD27786.png\" width=\"40.0%\"/> " @@ -4484,14 +4494,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3189 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3200 msgid "" "CC0 enables authors and copyright owners to dedicate their works to the " "worldwide public domain (“no rights reserved”)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><informalfigure><mediaobject> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3194 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3205 msgid "" "<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" "\"Pictures/10000201000001900000008D36DCD649C5B1411F.png\" width=\"40.0%\"/> " @@ -4499,14 +4509,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3203 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3214 msgid "" "The Creative Commons Public Domain Mark facilitates the labeling and " "discovery of works that are already free of known copyright restrictions." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3208 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3219 msgid "" "In our case studies, some use just one Creative Commons license, others use " "several. Attribution (found in thirteen case studies) and Attribution-" @@ -4519,7 +4529,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3230 msgid "" "There is a popular misconception that the three NonCommercial licenses " "offered by CC are the only options for those who want to make money off " @@ -4534,7 +4544,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3244 msgid "" "The decision to choose a NonCommercial and/or NoDerivs license comes down to " "how much you need to retain control over the creative work. The " @@ -4549,7 +4559,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3246 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3257 msgid "" "Other times the decision to use a more restrictive license is due to a " "concern about the integrity of the work. For example, the nonprofit " @@ -4558,7 +4568,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3264 msgid "" "There is no one right way. The NonCommercial and NoDerivs restrictions " "reflect the values and preferences of creators about how their creative work " @@ -4572,12 +4582,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3265 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3276 msgid "Note" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3279 msgid "" "For more about the licenses including examples and tips on sharing your work " "in the digital commons, start with the Creative Commons page called “Share " @@ -4585,12 +4595,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3276 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3287 msgid "The Case Studies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3279 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3290 msgid "" "The twenty-four case studies in this section were chosen from hundreds of " "nominations received from Kickstarter backers, Creative Commons staff, and " @@ -4602,7 +4612,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3289 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3300 msgid "" "We did background research and conducted interviews for each case study, " "based on the same set of basic questions about the endeavor. The idea for " @@ -4612,24 +4622,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3297 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3308 msgid "Arduino" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3300 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3311 msgid "" "Arduino is a for-profit open-source electronics platform and computer " "hardware and software company. Founded in 2005 in Italy." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3316 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3307 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3318 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (sales of boards, modules, shields, and kits), licensing a trademark " @@ -4637,38 +4647,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3312 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4153 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3323 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4164 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 4, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3315 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3326 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Cuartielles and Tom " "Igoe, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3319 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4160 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4591 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4832 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5114 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5423 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5933 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6186 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6507 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6858 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7398 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7682 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8146 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8922 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4171 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4602 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4843 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5124 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5433 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5943 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6196 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6517 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6868 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7408 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7692 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8156 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8932 msgid "Profile written by Paul Stacey" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3323 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3334 msgid "" "In 2005, at the Interaction Design Institute Ivrea in northern Italy, " "teachers and students needed an easy way to use electronics and programming " @@ -4684,7 +4694,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3337 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3348 msgid "" "Arduino boards are able to read inputs—light on a sensor, a finger on a " "button, or a Twitter message—and turn it into outputs—activating a motor, " @@ -4695,7 +4705,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3347 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3358 msgid "" "“The reasons for making Arduino open source are complicated,” Tom says. " "Partly it was about supporting flexibility. The open-source nature of " @@ -4706,7 +4716,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3355 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3366 msgid "" "For Tom another factor was the impending closure of the Ivrea design school. " "He’d seen other organizations close their doors and all their work and " @@ -4717,7 +4727,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3364 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3375 msgid "" "With the school closing, David and some of the other Arduino founders " "started a consulting firm and multidisciplinary design studio they called " @@ -4728,7 +4738,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3373 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3384 msgid "" "For Tom, part of Arduino’s success is because the founders made themselves " "the first customer of their product. They made products they themselves " @@ -4738,7 +4748,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3392 msgid "" "Arduino’s business model has evolved over time—and Tom says model is a " "grandiose term for it. Originally, they just wanted to make a few boards and " @@ -4753,7 +4763,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3395 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3406 msgid "" "Arduino now has a worldwide community of makers—students, hobbyists, " "artists, programmers, and professionals. Arduino provides a wiki called " @@ -4769,7 +4779,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3409 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3420 msgid "" "Transitioning Arduino from a project to a company was a big step. Other " "businesses who made boards were charging a lot of money for them. Arduino " @@ -4780,7 +4790,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3417 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3428 msgid "" "For a business, getting to the end of the year and not being in the red is a " "success. Arduino may have an open-licensing strategy, but they are still a " @@ -4790,7 +4800,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3425 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3436 msgid "" "While openly licensing the designs, documentation, and software ensures " "longevity, it does have risks. There’s a possibility that others will create " @@ -4804,7 +4814,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3437 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3448 msgid "" "Tom and David say that a lot of people have built companies off of Arduino, " "with dozens of Arduino derivatives out there. But in contrast to closed " @@ -4817,12 +4827,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3457 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3468 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Products\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3448 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3459 msgid "" "Over time, the range of Arduino products has diversified, changing and " "adapting to new needs and challenges. In addition to simple entry level " @@ -4836,7 +4846,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3460 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3471 msgid "" "Arduino’s focus is on high-quality boards, well-designed support materials, " "and the building of community; this focus is one of the keys to their " @@ -4850,7 +4860,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3473 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3484 msgid "" "A key decision for Arduino was trademarking the name. The founders needed a " "way to guarantee to people that they were buying a quality product from a " @@ -4864,7 +4874,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3485 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3496 msgid "" "Current official manufacturers are Smart Projects in Italy, SparkFun in the " "United States, and Dog Hunter in Taiwan/China. These are the only " @@ -4876,7 +4886,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3495 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3506 msgid "" "How far to open things up wasn’t always something the founders perfectly " "agreed on. David, who was always one to advocate for opening things up more, " @@ -4887,12 +4897,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3527 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://blog.arduino.cc/2013/07/10/send-in-the-clones/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3504 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3515 msgid "" "David encourages people and businesses to start by sharing everything as a " "default strategy, and then think about whether there is anything that really " @@ -4909,7 +4919,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3519 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3530 msgid "" "For David, an exciting aspect of Arduino is the way lots of people can use " "it to adapt technology in many different ways. Technology is always making " @@ -4919,7 +4929,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3527 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3538 msgid "" "Arduino has been hugely successful in making technology and electronics " "reach a larger audience. For Tom, Arduino has been about “the " @@ -4929,7 +4939,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3535 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3546 msgid "" "Ultimately, for Arduino, going open has been good business—good for product " "development, good for distribution, good for pricing, and good for " @@ -4937,12 +4947,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3541 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3552 msgid "Ártica" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3544 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3555 msgid "" "Ártica provides online courses and consulting services focused on how to use " "digital technology to share knowledge and enable collaboration in arts and " @@ -4950,45 +4960,45 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3549 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3560 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.articaonline.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3551 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3562 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3554 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3565 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 9, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3556 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3567 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Mariana Fossatti and " "Jorge Gemetto, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3560 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3747 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3939 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4358 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5725 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7169 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7950 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8472 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8693 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9159 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3571 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3950 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7179 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8482 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8703 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9169 msgid "Profile written by Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3564 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3575 msgid "" "The story of Mariana Fossatti and Jorge Gemetto’s business, Ártica, is the " "ultimate example of DIY. Not only are they successful entrepreneurs, the " @@ -4997,12 +5007,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3570 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3581 msgid "Their dream jobs didn’t exist, so they created them." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3573 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3584 msgid "" "In 2011, Mariana was a sociologist working for an international organization " "to develop research and online education about rural-development issues. " @@ -5015,7 +5025,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3585 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3596 msgid "" "Ártica feels like a uniquely twenty-first century business. The small " "company has a global online presence with no physical offices. Jorge and " @@ -5030,7 +5040,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3598 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3609 msgid "" "Ártica offers personalized education and consulting services, and helps " "clients implement projects. All of these services are customized. They call " @@ -5042,7 +5052,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3608 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3619 msgid "" "When they started, they offered a smaller number of courses designed to " "attract large audiences. “Over the years, we realized that online " @@ -5053,7 +5063,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3628 msgid "" "Online courses are their biggest revenue stream, but they also do more than " "a dozen consulting projects each year, ranging from digitization to event " @@ -5063,7 +5073,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3636 msgid "" "Ártica also seeks out public and private funding for specific projects. " "Sometimes, even if they are unsuccessful in subsidizing a project like a new " @@ -5073,7 +5083,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3644 msgid "" "Ártica relies heavily on their free Creative Commons–licensed content to " "attract new students and clients. Everything they create—online education, " @@ -5090,7 +5100,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3649 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3660 msgid "" "They also believe sharing their ideas and expertise openly helps them build " "their reputation and visibility. People often share and cite their work. A " @@ -5100,7 +5110,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3657 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3668 msgid "" "This belief that openness creates new opportunities reflects another belief—" "in serendipity. When describing their process for creating content, they " @@ -5112,7 +5122,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3667 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3678 msgid "" "Rather than planning their work in advance, they let their creative process " "be dynamic. “This doesn’t mean that we don’t need to work hard in order to " @@ -5123,7 +5133,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3687 msgid "" "People and relationships are also just as important, sometimes more. “In the " "educational and cultural business, it is more important to pay attention to " @@ -5133,7 +5143,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3684 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3695 msgid "" "Ártica believes in the power of the network. They seek to make connections " "with people and institutions across the globe so they can learn from them " @@ -5141,7 +5151,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3700 msgid "" "At the core of everything Ártica does is a set of values. “Good content is " "not enough,” Jorge said. “We also think that it is very important to take a " @@ -5156,7 +5166,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3702 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3713 msgid "" "Of course, Ártica also has to make enough money to cover its expenses. Human " "resources are, by far, their biggest expense. They tap a network of " @@ -5167,7 +5177,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3711 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3722 msgid "" "“There are lots of people offering online courses,” Jorge said. “But it is " "easy to differentiate us. We have an approach that is very specific and " @@ -5177,7 +5187,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3719 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3730 msgid "" "In their work with younger artists, Mariana and Jorge try to emphasize that " "this model of success is just as valuable as the picture of success we get " @@ -5187,43 +5197,43 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3738 msgid "Blender Institute" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3741 msgid "" "The Blender Institute is an animation studio that creates 3-D films using " "Blender software. Founded in 2006 in the Netherlands." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3746 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.blender.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3748 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), charging for physical copies, selling merchandise" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3741 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3752 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 8, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3754 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Francesco Siddi, " "production coordinator" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3762 msgid "" "For Ton Roosendaal, the creator of Blender software and its related " "entities, sharing is practical. Making their 3-D content creation software " @@ -5236,7 +5246,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3762 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3773 msgid "" "Each open-movie project Blender runs produces a host of openly licensed " "outputs, not just the final film itself but all of the source material as " @@ -5248,7 +5258,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3783 msgid "" "Rather than just talking about the theoretical benefits of sharing and free " "culture, Ton is very much about doing and making free culture. Blender’s " @@ -5257,7 +5267,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3779 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3790 msgid "" "Blender’s history begins in the late 1990s, when Ton created the Blender " "software. Originally, the software was an in-house resource for his " @@ -5270,7 +5280,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3790 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3801 msgid "" "This was long before Kickstarter and other online crowdfunding sites " "existed, but Ton ran his own version of a crowdfunding campaign and quickly " @@ -5284,7 +5294,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3802 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3813 msgid "" "Like any successful free and open-source software project, Blender developed " "quickly because the community could make fixes and improvements. “Software " @@ -5294,7 +5304,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3821 msgid "" "After a few years, Ton began looking for new ways to push development of the " "software. He came up with the idea of creating CC-licensed films using the " @@ -5306,7 +5316,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3820 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3831 msgid "" "They turned to crowdfunding to subsidize the costs of the project. They had " "about twenty people working full-time for six to ten months, so the costs " @@ -5317,7 +5327,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3829 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3840 msgid "" "The first film, which was released in 2006, was an experiment. It was so " "successful that Ton decided to set up the Blender Institute, an entity " @@ -5327,7 +5337,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3848 msgid "" "Francesco said that, over time, the Blender Institute projects have gotten " "bigger and more prominent. That means the filmmaking process has become more " @@ -5341,7 +5351,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3850 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3861 msgid "" "Blender has had a lot of success raising money from its community over the " "years. In many ways, the pitch has gotten easier to make. Not only is " @@ -5352,7 +5362,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3870 msgid "" "While these benefits of each open-movie project make a compelling pitch for " "crowdfunding campaigns, Francesco told us the Blender Institute has found " @@ -5362,7 +5372,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3867 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3878 msgid "" "To make their work more sustainable, they needed a way to receive ongoing " "support rather than on a project-by-project basis. Their solution is Blender " @@ -5379,7 +5389,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3882 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3893 msgid "" "The continuous financial support provided by Blender Cloud subsidizes five " "to six full-time employees at the Blender Institute. Francesco says their " @@ -5388,7 +5398,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3889 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3900 msgid "" "Blender Cloud is the primary revenue stream of the Blender Institute. The " "Blender Foundation is funded primarily by donations, and that money goes " @@ -5399,7 +5409,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3898 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3909 msgid "" "Ton has worked on projects relating to his Blender software for nearly " "twenty years. Throughout most of that time, he has been committed to making " @@ -5408,7 +5418,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3905 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3916 msgid "" "Since 2006, he has been making films available along with all of their " "source material. He says he has hardly ever seen people stepping into " @@ -5420,46 +5430,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3915 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3926 msgid "For Ton and Blender, it all comes back to doing." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3919 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3930 msgid "Cards Against Humanity" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3922 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3933 msgid "" "Cards Against Humanity is a private, for-profit company that makes a popular " "party game by the same name. Founded in 2011 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3938 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.cardsagainsthumanity.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3929 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3940 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3932 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3943 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 3, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3935 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3946 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Max Temkin, cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3943 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3954 msgid "" "If you ask cofounder Max Temkin, there is nothing particularly interesting " "about the Cards Against Humanity business model. “We make a product. We sell " @@ -5467,7 +5477,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3949 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3960 msgid "" "He is right. Cards Against Humanity is a simple party game, modeled after " "the game Apples to Apples. To play, one player asks a question or fill-in-" @@ -5479,7 +5489,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3959 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3970 msgid "" "The revenue model is simple. Physical copies of the game are sold for a " "profit. And it works. At the time of this writing, Cards Against Humanity is " @@ -5489,7 +5499,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3967 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3978 msgid "" "But Cards Against Humanity is also available for free. Anyone can download a " "digital version of the game on the Cards Against Humanity website. More than " @@ -5498,7 +5508,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3984 msgid "" "The game is available under an Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " "(CC BY-NC-SA). That means, in addition to copying the game, anyone can " @@ -5508,7 +5518,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3981 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3992 msgid "" "All together, these factors—the crass tone of the game and company, the free " "download, the openness to fans remixing the game—give the game a massive " @@ -5516,7 +5526,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3986 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3997 msgid "" "Their success is not the result of a grand plan. Instead, Cards Against " "Humanity was the last in a long line of games and comedy projects that Max " @@ -5531,7 +5541,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3999 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4010 msgid "" "The game caught on quickly, and it has only grown more popular over time. " "Max says the eight founders never had a meeting where they decided to make " @@ -5539,7 +5549,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4016 msgid "" "But this tale of a “happy accident” belies marketing genius. Just like the " "game, the Cards Against Humanity brand is irreverent and memorable. It is " @@ -5548,7 +5558,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4022 msgid "" "Like most quality satire, however, there is more to the joke than vulgarity " "and shock value. The company’s marketing efforts around Black Friday " @@ -5564,7 +5574,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4025 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4036 msgid "" "“We sweated it out the night before Black Friday, wondering if our fans were " "going to hate us for it,” he said. “But it made us laugh so we went with it. " @@ -5572,7 +5582,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4030 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4041 msgid "" "This sort of bold transparency delights the media, but more importantly, it " "engages their fans. “One of the most surprising things you can do in " @@ -5581,7 +5591,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4048 msgid "" "Max also likened it to a grand improv scene. “If we do something a little " "subversive and unexpected, the public wants to be a part of the joke.” One " @@ -5591,7 +5601,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4045 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4056 msgid "" "This remarkable trust they have in their customers is what inspired their " "decision to apply a Creative Commons license to the game. Trusting your " @@ -5606,7 +5616,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4058 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4069 msgid "" "Any successful product inspires its biggest fans to create remixes of it, " "but unsanctioned adaptations are more likely to fly under the radar. The " @@ -5616,7 +5626,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4066 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4077 msgid "" "Max said, “CC was a no-brainer for us because it gets the most people " "involved. Making the game free and available under a CC license led to the " @@ -5625,7 +5635,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4073 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4084 msgid "" "Of course, there are limits to what the company allows its customers to do " "with the game. They chose the Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " @@ -5640,7 +5650,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4087 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4098 msgid "" "Just as there is more than meets the eye to the Cards Against Humanity " "business model, the same can be said of the game itself. To be playable, " @@ -5652,7 +5662,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4097 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4108 msgid "" "That means cocreation with their fans really doesn’t work. The company has a " "submission mechanism on their website, and they get thousands of " @@ -5665,7 +5675,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4108 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4119 msgid "" "For all of their success, the creators of Cards Against Humanity are only " "partially motivated by money. Max says they have always been interested in " @@ -5675,7 +5685,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4115 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4126 msgid "" "In fact, the company has given more than $4 million to various charities and " "causes. “Cards is not our life plan,” Max said. “We all have other interests " @@ -5685,7 +5695,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4123 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4134 msgid "" "Seeing money as fuel rather than the ultimate goal is what has enabled them " "to embrace Creative Commons licensing without reservation. CC licensing " @@ -5695,7 +5705,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4131 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4142 msgid "" "“It’s not right for everyone to release everything under CC licensing,” Max " "said. “If your only goal is to make a lot of money, then CC is not best " @@ -5704,12 +5714,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4139 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4150 msgid "The Conversation" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4142 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4153 msgid "" "The Conversation is an independent source of news, sourced from the academic " "and research community and delivered direct to the public over the Internet. " @@ -5717,12 +5727,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4147 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4158 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4149 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4160 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators (universities pay membership fees to have their faculties serve as " @@ -5730,13 +5740,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4156 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4167 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Andrew Jaspan, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4175 msgid "" "Andrew Jaspan spent years as an editor of major newspapers including the " "Observer in London, the Sunday Herald in Glasgow, and the Age in Melbourne, " @@ -5747,7 +5757,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4174 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4185 msgid "" "Around the time he left his job as editor of the Melbourne Age, Andrew " "wondered where citizens would get news grounded in fact and evidence rather " @@ -5757,7 +5767,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4181 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4192 msgid "" "While at the Age, he’d become friends with a vice-chancellor of a university " "in Melbourne who encouraged him to talk to smart people across campus—an " @@ -5778,7 +5788,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4202 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4213 msgid "" "Andrew believed he could to help connect academics back into the public " "arena, and maybe help society find solutions to big problems. He thought " @@ -5793,7 +5803,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4215 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4226 msgid "" "The people he spoke to liked this idea, and Andrew embarked on raising money " "and support with the help of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial " @@ -5807,7 +5817,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4239 msgid "" "The Conversation is founded on the belief that underpinning a functioning " "democracy is access to independent, high-quality, informative journalism. " @@ -5819,12 +5829,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4252 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com/us/charter\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4239 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4250 msgid "" "Andrew worked hard to reinvent a methodology for creating reliable, credible " "content. He introduced strict new working practices, a charter, and codes of " @@ -5841,7 +5851,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4265 msgid "" "Creative Commons help with these goals; articles are published with the " "Attribution- NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND). They’re freely available for " @@ -5855,7 +5865,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4266 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4277 msgid "" "When readers come across the Conversation, they seem to like what they find " "and recommend it to their friends, peers, and networks. Readership has " @@ -5865,7 +5875,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4274 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4285 msgid "" "It’s usual for the founders of any company to ask themselves what kind of " "company it should be. It quickly became clear to the founders of the " @@ -5876,7 +5886,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4283 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4294 msgid "" "There are now different editions of the Conversation for Africa, the United " "Kingdom, France, and the United States, in addition to the one for " @@ -5888,7 +5898,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4293 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4304 msgid "" "Additionally, each edition has its own set of founding partners, strategic " "partners, and funders. They’ve received funding from foundations, " @@ -5899,7 +5909,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4302 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4313 msgid "" "When professors from member universities write an article, there is some " "branding of the university associated with the article. On the Conversation " @@ -5909,7 +5919,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4309 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4320 msgid "" "Academics are not paid for their contributions, but they get free editing " "from a professional (four to five hours per piece, on average). They also " @@ -5921,7 +5931,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4319 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4330 msgid "" "The Conversation plans to expand the dashboard to show not just reach but " "impact. This tracks activities, behaviors, and events that occurred as a " @@ -5931,7 +5941,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4327 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4338 msgid "" "These reach and impact metrics show the benefits of membership. With the " "Conversation, universities can engage with the public and show why they’re " @@ -5939,7 +5949,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4343 msgid "" "With its tagline, “Academic Rigor, Journalistic Flair,” the Conversation " "represents a new form of journalism that contributes to a more informed " @@ -5949,38 +5959,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4341 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4352 msgid "Cory Doctorow" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4344 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4355 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and " "journalist. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4347 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4358 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://craphound.com\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://boingboing.net" "\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4350 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4361 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (book sales), pay-what-you-want, selling translation rights to books" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4354 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4365 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 12, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4362 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4373 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow hates the term “business model,” and he is adamant that he is " "not a brand. “To me, branding is the idea that you can take a thing that has " @@ -5991,7 +6001,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4371 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4382 msgid "" "Cory calls himself an entrepreneur. He likes to say his success came from " "making stuff people happened to like and then getting out of the way of them " @@ -5999,7 +6009,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4376 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4387 msgid "" "He is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and journalist. " "Beginning with his first novel, Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom, in 2003, " @@ -6011,7 +6021,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4387 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4398 msgid "" "Cory primarily makes money by selling physical books, but he also takes on " "paid speaking gigs and is experimenting with pay-what-you-want models for " @@ -6019,7 +6029,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4392 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4403 msgid "" "While Cory’s extensive body of fiction work has a large following, he is " "just as well known for his activism. He is an outspoken opponent of " @@ -6037,7 +6047,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4409 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4420 msgid "" "Cory has been financially successful, but money is not his primary " "motivation. At the start of his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, he " @@ -6052,7 +6062,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4422 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4433 msgid "" "Just as money is not his primary motivation to create, money is not his " "primary motivation to share. For Cory, sharing his work with Creative " @@ -6064,7 +6074,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4432 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4443 msgid "" "He also feels like there is a solid commercial basis for licensing his work " "with Creative Commons. While he acknowledges he hasn’t been able to do a " @@ -6076,7 +6086,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4442 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4453 msgid "" "Cory started using CC licenses soon after they were first created. At the " "time his first novel came out, he says the science fiction genre was overrun " @@ -6090,7 +6100,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4455 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4466 msgid "" "Cory admits the stakes were pretty low for him when he first adopted " "Creative Commons licenses. He only had to sell two thousand copies of his " @@ -6100,7 +6110,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4474 msgid "" "The bottom line, Cory says, is that no one has found a way to prevent people " "from copying the stuff they like. Rather than fighting the tide, Cory makes " @@ -6110,7 +6120,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4471 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4482 msgid "" "Making his work available under Creative Commons licenses enables him to " "view his biggest fans as his ambassadors. “Being open to fan activity makes " @@ -6126,7 +6136,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4486 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4497 msgid "" "His first book was published under the most restrictive Creative Commons " "license, Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND). It allows only " @@ -6142,7 +6152,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4501 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4512 msgid "" "In his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, Cory likens his philosophy " "to thinking like a dandelion. Dandelions produce thousands of seeds each " @@ -6158,7 +6168,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4515 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4526 msgid "" "Applying a CC license to his work increases the chances it will be shared " "more widely around the Web. He avoids DRM—and openly opposes the practice—" @@ -6170,7 +6180,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4525 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4536 msgid "" "Cory operates under the premise that artists benefit when there are more, " "rather than fewer, places where people can access their work. The Internet " @@ -6183,7 +6193,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4536 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4547 msgid "" "Cory says his e-book sales have been lower than those of his competitors, " "and he attributes some of that to the CC license making the work available " @@ -6196,7 +6206,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4558 msgid "" "Fans are particularly willing to pay when they feel personally connected to " "the artist. Cory works hard to create that personal connection. One way he " @@ -6209,7 +6219,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4558 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4569 msgid "" "Cory’s realism about the difficulty of making a living in the arts does not " "reflect pessimism about the Internet age. Instead, he says the fact that it " @@ -6219,17 +6229,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4566 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4577 msgid "It has never been easier to think like a dandelion." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4570 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4581 msgid "Figshare" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4573 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4584 msgid "" "Figshare is a for-profit company offering an online repository where " "researchers can preserve and share the output of their research, including " @@ -6237,29 +6247,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4590 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4581 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4592 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid " "services to creators" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4584 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4595 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 28, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4598 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Hahnel, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4606 msgid "" "Figshare’s mission is to change the face of academic publishing through " "improved dissemination, discoverability, and reusability of scholarly " @@ -6272,7 +6282,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4606 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4617 msgid "" "Figshare founder Mark Hahnel often gets asked: How do you make money? How do " "we know you’ll be here in five years? Can you, as a for-profit venture, be " @@ -6280,7 +6290,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4611 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4622 msgid "" "Mark traces the origins of Figshare back to when he was a graduate student " "getting his PhD in stem cell biology. His research involved working with " @@ -6291,7 +6301,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4620 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4631 msgid "" "Mark does not consider himself an advanced software programmer. " "Fortunately, things like cloud-based computing and wikis had become " @@ -6300,7 +6310,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4627 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4638 msgid "" "There were two key needs: licenses to make the data citable, and persistent " "identifiers— URL links that always point back to the original object " @@ -6308,7 +6318,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4644 msgid "" "Mark chose Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) to meet the need for a " "persistent identifier. In the DOI system, an object’s metadata is stored as " @@ -6319,7 +6329,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4642 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4653 msgid "" "As for licenses, Mark chose Creative Commons. The open-access and open-" "science communities were already using and recommending Creative Commons. " @@ -6329,7 +6339,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4650 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4661 msgid "" "So Mark began using DOIs and Creative Commons for his own research work. He " "had a science blog where he wrote about it and made all his data open. " @@ -6338,7 +6348,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4656 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4667 msgid "" "People liked the interface and simple upload process. People started asking " "if they could also share theses, grant proposals, and code. Inclusion of " @@ -6348,7 +6358,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4675 msgid "" "Mark sought investment to make this into a scalable product. After a few " "unsuccessful funding pitches, UK-based Digital Science expressed interest " @@ -6357,7 +6367,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4671 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4682 msgid "" "Under the freemium model, academics upload their research to Figshare for " "storage and sharing for free. Each research object is licensed with Creative " @@ -6370,7 +6380,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4682 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4693 msgid "" "In January 2012, Figshare was launched. (The fig in Figshare stands for " "figures.) Using investment funds, Mark made significant improvements to " @@ -6382,7 +6392,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4692 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4703 msgid "" "Figshare diversified its business model to include services for journals. " "Figshare began hosting large amounts of data for the journals’ online " @@ -6398,7 +6408,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4706 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4717 msgid "" "Governments allocate significant public funds to research. In parallel with " "the launch of Figshare, governments around the world began requesting the " @@ -6410,7 +6420,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4716 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4727 msgid "" "Figshare now offers a range of fee-based services to institutions, including " "their own minibranded Figshare space (called Figshare for Institutions) that " @@ -6422,7 +6432,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4737 msgid "" "As with researchers and publishers, Fig-share encouraged institutions to " "share their research with CC BY (Attribution) and their data with CC0 (into " @@ -6436,7 +6446,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4739 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4750 msgid "" "For Mark this created a conflict. On the one hand, the principles and " "benefits of open science are at the heart of Figshare, and Mark believes CC " @@ -6448,7 +6458,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4749 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4760 msgid "" "Mark is thinking of doing a Figshare study that tracks research " "dissemination according to Creative Commons license, and gathering metrics " @@ -6459,21 +6469,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4762 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4773 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/articles/" "Journal_subscription_costs_FOIs_to_UK_universities/1186832\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4765 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4776 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://retr0.shinyapps.io/journal_costs/?year=2014&" "inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4757 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4768 msgid "" "Figshare has an Application Programming Interface (API) that makes it " "possible for data to be pulled from Figshare and used in other applications. " @@ -6487,7 +6497,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4779 msgid "" "The free version of Figshare has built a community of academics, who through " "word of mouth and presentations have promoted and spread awareness of " @@ -6500,12 +6510,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4783 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4794 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/features\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4779 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4790 msgid "" "Mark says his success is partly about being in the right place at the right " "time. He also believes that the diversification of Figshare’s model over " @@ -6519,7 +6529,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4790 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4801 msgid "" "Today Figshare has 26 million–plus page views, 7.5 million–plus downloads, " "800,000–plus user uploads, 2 million–plus articles, 500,000-plus " @@ -6529,7 +6539,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4798 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4809 msgid "" "Figshare uses the revenue it generates from the premium subscribers, journal " "publishers, and institutions to fund and expand what it can offer to " @@ -6544,12 +6554,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4813 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4824 msgid "Figure.NZ" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4816 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4827 msgid "" "Figure.NZ is a nonprofit charity that makes an online data platform designed " "to make data reusable and easy to understand. Founded in 2012 in New " @@ -6557,50 +6567,58 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4821 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4832 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4823 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4834 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid " "services to creators, donations, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4826 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4837 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: May 3, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4828 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4839 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lillian Grace, founder" msgstr "" -#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4836 +#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4848 msgid "" -"In the paper Harnessing the Economic and Social Power of Data presented at " -"the New Zealand Data Futures Forum in 2014,1 Figure.NZ founder Lillian Grace " -"said there are thousands of valuable and relevant data sets freely available " -"to us right now, but most people don’t use them. She used to think this " -"meant people didn’t care about being informed, but she’s come to see that " -"she was wrong. Almost everyone wants to be informed about issues that matter—" -"not only to them, but also to their families, their communities, their " -"businesses, and their country. But there’s a big difference between " -"availability and accessibility of information. Data is spread across " -"thousands of sites and is held within databases and spreadsheets that " -"require both time and skill to engage with. To use data when making a " -"decision, you have to know what specific question to ask, identify a source " -"that has collected the data, and manipulate complex tools to extract and " -"visualize the information within the data set. Lillian established Figure.NZ " -"to make data truly accessible to all, with a specific focus on New Zealand." +"<ulink url=\"http://www.nzdatafutures.org.nz/sites/default/files/" +"NZDFF_harness-the-power.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4856 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4847 +msgid "" +"In the paper Harnessing the Economic and Social Power of Data presented at " +"the New Zealand Data Futures Forum in 2014,<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/> Figure.NZ founder Lillian Grace said there are thousands of valuable " +"and relevant data sets freely available to us right now, but most people " +"don’t use them. She used to think this meant people didn’t care about being " +"informed, but she’s come to see that she was wrong. Almost everyone wants to " +"be informed about issues that matter—not only to them, but also to their " +"families, their communities, their businesses, and their country. But " +"there’s a big difference between availability and accessibility of " +"information. Data is spread across thousands of sites and is held within " +"databases and spreadsheets that require both time and skill to engage with. " +"To use data when making a decision, you have to know what specific question " +"to ask, identify a source that has collected the data, and manipulate " +"complex tools to extract and visualize the information within the data set. " +"Lillian established Figure.NZ to make data truly accessible to all, with a " +"specific focus on New Zealand." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4866 msgid "" "Lillian had the idea for Figure.NZ in February 2012 while working for the " "New Zealand Institute, a think tank concerned with improving economic " @@ -6613,7 +6631,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4867 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4877 msgid "" "Lillian began to imagine a website that lifted data up to a visual form that " "could be easily understood and freely accessed. Initially launched as Wiki " @@ -6628,7 +6646,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4881 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4891 msgid "" "Here’s how it works. Figure.NZ sources data from other organizations, " "including corporations, public repositories, government departments, and " @@ -6646,14 +6664,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4907 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4917 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.ict.govt.nz/guidance-and-resources/open-government/" "new-zealand-government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4898 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4908 msgid "" "Lillian characterizes the initial decision to use Creative Commons as " "naively fortunate. It was first recommended to her by a colleague. Lillian " @@ -6671,7 +6689,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4914 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4924 msgid "" "Lillian thinks current ideas of what a business is are relatively new, only " "a hundred years old or so. She’s convinced that twenty years from now, we " @@ -6686,7 +6704,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4937 msgid "" "Although Figure.NZ is a social enterprise that openly licenses their data " "and graphs for everyone to use for free, they have taken care not to be " @@ -6706,7 +6724,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4946 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4956 msgid "" "Figure.NZ spends a lot of time seeking to understand the motivations of data " "collectors and to identify the channels where it can provide value. Every " @@ -6715,7 +6733,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4952 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4962 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has multiple lines of business. They provide commercial services " "to organizations that want their data publicly available and want to use " @@ -6732,7 +6750,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4968 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4978 msgid "" "Lillian notes that the current state of most data is terrible and often not " "well understood by the people who have it. This sometimes makes it difficult " @@ -6747,12 +6765,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4986 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4996 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/business/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4981 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4991 msgid "" "A second line of business is what Figure.NZ calls partners. ASB Bank and " "Statistics New Zealand are partners who back Figure.NZ’s efforts. As one " @@ -6762,12 +6780,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4989 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4999 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/patrons/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4989 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4999 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also has patrons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Patrons " "donate to topic areas they care about, directly enabling Figure.NZ to get " @@ -6776,7 +6794,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5005 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also accepts philanthropic donations, which are used to provide " "more content, extend technology, and improve services, or are targeted to " @@ -6785,7 +6803,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5001 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5011 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has morphed and grown over time. With data aggregation, curation, " "and visualizing services all in-house, Figure.NZ has developed a deep " @@ -6799,7 +6817,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5013 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5023 msgid "" "Figure.NZ’s website displays visuals and data associated with a wide range " "of categories including crime, economy, education, employment, energy, " @@ -6811,7 +6829,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5023 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5033 msgid "" "Figure.NZ believes data and visuals should be useful. They provide their " "customers with a data collection template and teach them why it’s important " @@ -6826,7 +6844,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5047 msgid "" "Lillian has a deep and profound vision for Figure.NZ that goes well beyond " "simply providing open-data services. She says things are different now. “We " @@ -6837,7 +6855,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5046 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5056 msgid "" "“But now we live in a world where it’s really easy to share information " "widely and also to communicate widely. In the world we live in now, the best " @@ -6845,7 +6863,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5052 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5062 msgid "" "“The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions is " "one of the areas where there is the biggest gaps. We don’t really use " @@ -6853,7 +6871,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5058 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5068 msgid "" "“Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites. In " "addition, for the most part, deep thinking based on data is constrained to " @@ -6866,7 +6884,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5069 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5079 msgid "" "“Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use " "numbers in their thinking, and it’s built a technological platform along " @@ -6875,7 +6893,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5076 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5086 msgid "" "“Figure.NZ sees this as a new kind of alphabet that can help people analyze " "what they see around them. A way to be thoughtful and informed about " @@ -6886,7 +6904,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5085 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5095 msgid "" "Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, " "their focus is completely on making Figure.NZ work in New Zealand and to get " @@ -6896,12 +6914,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5094 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5104 msgid "Knowledge Unlatched" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5097 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5107 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is a not-for-profit community interest company that " "brings libraries together to pool funds to publish open-access books. " @@ -6909,30 +6927,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5102 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5112 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5104 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5114 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(specialized)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5107 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5117 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 26, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5110 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5120 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5118 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5128 msgid "" "The serial entrepreneur Dr. Frances Pinter has been at the forefront of " "innovation in the publishing industry for nearly forty years. She founded " @@ -6949,7 +6967,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5144 msgid "" "Dr. Pinter has been in academic publishing most of her career. About ten " "years ago, she became acquainted with the Creative Commons founder Lawrence " @@ -6958,7 +6976,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5141 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5151 msgid "" "Not long after, she ran a project in Africa convincing publishers in Uganda " "and South Africa to put some of their content online for free using a " @@ -6967,7 +6985,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5147 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5157 msgid "" "In 2008, Bloomsbury Academic, a new imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing in the " "United Kingdom, appointed her its founding publisher in London. As part of " @@ -6985,7 +7003,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5174 msgid "" "Frances began to look at customer interest in the three forms of the book: " "1) the Creative Commons–licensed free online book in PDF form, 2) the " @@ -6996,7 +7014,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5173 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5183 msgid "" "After a while, Frances had an epiphany—what if there was a way to get " "libraries to underwrite the costs of making these books up until they’re " @@ -7007,7 +7025,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5182 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5192 msgid "" "This idea is similar to the article-processing charge some open-access " "journals charge researchers to cover publishing costs. Frances began to " @@ -7017,7 +7035,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5190 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5200 msgid "" "This idea really took hold in her mind. She didn’t really have a name for it " "but began talking about it and making presentations to see if there was " @@ -7030,35 +7048,35 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5201 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5211 msgid "" "She describes the business model in a paper called Knowledge Unlatched: " "Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5208 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5218 msgid "" "Publishers offer titles for sale reflecting origination costs only via " "Knowledge Unlatched." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5224 msgid "" "Individual libraries select titles either as individual titles or as " "collections (as they do from library suppliers now)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5230 msgid "" "Their selections are sent to Knowledge Unlatched specifying the titles to be " "purchased at the stated price(s)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5226 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5236 msgid "" "The price, called a Title Fee (set by publishers and negotiated by Knowledge " "Unlatched), is paid to publishers to cover the fixed costs of publishing " @@ -7067,7 +7085,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5235 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5245 msgid "" "Publishers make the selected titles available Open Access (on a Creative " "Commons or similar open license) and are then paid the Title Fee which is " @@ -7075,12 +7093,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5245 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5255 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5242 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5252 msgid "" "Publishers make print copies, e-Pub, and other digital versions of selected " "titles available to member libraries at a discount that reflects their " @@ -7089,7 +7107,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5250 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5260 msgid "" "The first round of this model resulted in a collection of twenty-eight " "current titles from thirteen recognized scholarly publishers being " @@ -7101,14 +7119,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5261 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5271 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-" "availability-1/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5260 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5270 msgid "" "The open-access, Creative Commons versions of these twenty-eight books are " "still available online.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Most books " @@ -7122,7 +7140,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5271 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5281 msgid "" "There are three cost variables to consider for each round: the overall cost " "incurred by the publishers, total cost for each library to acquire all the " @@ -7135,7 +7153,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5283 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5293 msgid "" "The second round, recently completed, unlatched seventy-eight books from " "twenty-six publishers. For this round, Frances was experimenting with the " @@ -7151,7 +7169,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5298 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5308 msgid "" "The longest part of the whole process is getting libraries to pledge and " "commit funds. It takes about five months, as library buy-in has to fit " @@ -7159,7 +7177,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5304 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5314 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched informs and recruits libraries through social media, " "mailing lists, listservs, and library associations. Of the three hundred " @@ -7171,7 +7189,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5324 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is scaling up, offering 150 new titles in the second " "half of 2016. It will also offer backlist titles, and in 2017 will start to " @@ -7179,7 +7197,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5319 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5329 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched deliberately chose monographs as the initial type of " "book to unlatch. Monographs are foundational and important, but also " @@ -7187,7 +7205,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5325 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5335 msgid "" "The cost for the publisher to get to a first digital copy of a monograph is " "$5,000 to $50,000. A good one costs in the $10,000 to $15,000 range. " @@ -7199,13 +7217,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5342 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5352 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5335 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5345 msgid "" "Authors don’t generally make a lot of royalties from monographs. Royalties " "range from zero dollars to 5 to 10 percent of receipts. The value to the " @@ -7218,7 +7236,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5345 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5355 msgid "" "Library budgets are constantly being squeezed, partly due to the inflation " "of journal subscriptions. But even without budget constraints, academic " @@ -7230,7 +7248,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5356 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5366 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched offers libraries a compelling economic argument. Many of " "the participating libraries would have bought a copy of the monograph " @@ -7240,7 +7258,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5364 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5374 msgid "" "Not only do the economics make sense, but there is very strong alignment " "with library mandates. The participating libraries pay less than they would " @@ -7254,14 +7272,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5376 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5386 msgid "" "For publishers, authors, and librarians, the Knowledge Unlatched model for " "monographs is a win-win-win." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5380 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5390 msgid "" "In the first round, Knowledge Unlatched’s overheads were covered by grants. " "In the second round, they aim to demonstrate the model is sustainable. " @@ -7274,7 +7292,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5401 msgid "" "Frances believes that Knowledge Unlatched is tapping into new ways of " "valuing academic content. It’s about considering how many people can find, " @@ -7287,48 +7305,48 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5413 msgid "Lumen Learning" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5406 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5416 msgid "" "Lumen Learning is a for-profit company helping educational institutions use " "open educational resources (OER). Founded in 2013 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5411 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5421 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5413 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5423 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, grant funding" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5416 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5426 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 21, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5419 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5429 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Wiley and Kim " "Thanos, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5433 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5443 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5437 msgid "" "Cofounded by open education visionary Dr. David Wiley and education-" "technology strategist Kim Thanos, Lumen Learning is dedicated to improving " @@ -7352,7 +7370,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5460 msgid "" "David and Kim went back and forth on whether it should be a nonprofit or " "for- profit. A nonprofit would make it a more comfortable fit with the " @@ -7364,7 +7382,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5460 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5470 msgid "" "But as a for-profit, they’d have to convince educational institutions to pay " "for what Lumen had to offer. On the positive side, they’d have more control " @@ -7375,7 +7393,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5469 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5479 msgid "" "Right from the start, David and Kim positioned Lumen Learning as a way to " "help institutions engage in open educational resources, or OER. OER are " @@ -7385,7 +7403,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5477 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5487 msgid "" "Originally, Lumen did custom contracts for each institution. This was " "complicated and challenging to manage. However, through that process " @@ -7400,33 +7418,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5493 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5503 msgid "replace expensive textbooks in high-enrollment courses with OER;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5499 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5509 msgid "" "provide enrolled students day one access to Lumen’s fully customizable OER " "course materials through the institution’s learning-management system;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5506 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5516 msgid "" "measure improvements in student success with metrics like passing rates, " "persistence, and course completion; and" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5522 msgid "" "collaborate with faculty to make ongoing improvements to OER based on " "student success research." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5518 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5528 msgid "" "Lumen has developed a suite of open, Creative Commons–licensed courseware in " "more than sixty-five subjects. All courses are freely and publicly available " @@ -7436,7 +7454,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5536 msgid "" "Then there are three types of bundled services that cost money. One option, " "which Lumen calls Candela courseware, offers integration with the " @@ -7446,7 +7464,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5544 msgid "" "A second option is Waymaker, which offers the services of Candela but adds " "personalized learning technologies, such as study plans, automated messages, " @@ -7455,7 +7473,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5541 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5551 msgid "" "The third and emerging line of business for Lumen is providing guidance and " "support for institutions and state systems that are pursuing the development " @@ -7466,7 +7484,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5560 msgid "" "Lumen generates revenue by charging for their value-added tools and services " "on top of their free courses, just as solar-power companies provide the " @@ -7484,7 +7502,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5567 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5577 msgid "" "In most cases, development of their courses is funded by the institution " "Lumen has a contract with. When creating new courses, Lumen typically works " @@ -7497,7 +7515,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5578 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5588 msgid "" "Sometimes faculty like the existing OER but not the way it is presented. The " "open licensing of existing OER allows Lumen to pick and choose from images, " @@ -7510,7 +7528,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5589 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5599 msgid "" "Using only OER made them experience firsthand how complex it could be to mix " "differently licensed work together. A common strategy with OER is to place " @@ -7520,7 +7538,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5607 msgid "" "Remixing OER often results in multiple attributions on every page of every " "course—text from one place, images from another, and videos from yet " @@ -7533,7 +7551,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5608 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5618 msgid "" "Lumen’s commitment to open licensing and helping low-income students has led " "to strong relationships with institutions, open-education enthusiasts, and " @@ -7543,7 +7561,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5626 msgid "" "To manage demand and ensure the success of projects, their strategy is to be " "proactive and focus on what’s going on in higher education in different " @@ -7557,7 +7575,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5629 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5639 msgid "" "As a business, Lumen is committed to openness. There are two core " "nonnegotiables: Lumen’s use of CC BY, the most permissive of the Creative " @@ -7569,7 +7587,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5649 msgid "" "Openness also means that Lumen’s OER must necessarily be nonexclusive and " "nonrivalrous. This represents several big challenges for the business model: " @@ -7581,7 +7599,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5649 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5659 msgid "" "In the OER sector, there are examples of corporations, and even " "institutions, acting as free riders. Some simply take and use open resources " @@ -7592,7 +7610,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5658 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5668 msgid "" "Lumen does track institutions accessing and using their free content. They " "proactively contact those institutions, with an estimate of how much their " @@ -7605,7 +7623,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5669 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5679 msgid "" "Lumen works hard to be a good corporate citizen in the OER community. For " "David and Kim, a good corporate citizen gives more than they take, adds " @@ -7616,7 +7634,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5688 msgid "" "Licensing all the content they produce with CC BY is a key part of giving " "more value than they take. They’ve also worked hard at finding the right " @@ -7625,7 +7643,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5684 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5694 msgid "" "As of the fall 2016 term, Lumen had eighty-six different open courses, " "working relationships with ninety-two institutions, and more than seventy-" @@ -7638,7 +7656,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5696 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5706 msgid "" "In creating Lumen Learning, David and Kim say they’ve landed on solutions " "they never imagined, and there is still a lot of learning taking place. For " @@ -7650,26 +7668,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5707 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5717 msgid "Jonathan Mann" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5710 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5720 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann is a singer and songwriter who is most well known as the “Song " "A Day” guy. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5723 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://jonathanmann.net\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://" "jonathanmann.bandcamp.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5716 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5726 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, pay-what-you-want, crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for " @@ -7677,12 +7695,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5721 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5731 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 22, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5729 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5739 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as “hustling”—seizing nearly " "every opportunity he sees to make money. The bulk of his income comes from " @@ -7695,7 +7713,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5740 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5750 msgid "" "His entrepreneurial spirit is coupled with a willingness to take action " "quickly. A perfect illustration of his ability to act fast happened in 2010, " @@ -7708,7 +7726,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5761 msgid "" "Jonathan’s successful “hustling” is also about old-fashioned persistence. He " "is currently in his eighth straight year of writing one song each day. He " @@ -7717,7 +7735,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5768 msgid "" "He fell into this role by, naturally, seizing a random opportunity a friend " "alerted him to seven years ago—an event called Fun-A-Day, where people are " @@ -7729,7 +7747,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5778 msgid "" "He had a really good time doing the thirty-one-day challenge, so he decided " "to see if he could continue it for one year. He never stopped. He has " @@ -7746,7 +7764,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5784 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5794 msgid "" "Over time, the song-a-day gig became the basis of his livelihood. In the " "beginning, he made money one of two ways. The first was by entering a wide " @@ -7757,7 +7775,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5793 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5803 msgid "" "His website explains his gig as “taking any message, from the super simple " "to the totally complicated, and conveying that message through a heartfelt, " @@ -7768,7 +7786,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5802 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5812 msgid "" "Jonathan can’t recall when exactly he first learned about Creative Commons, " "but he began applying CC licenses to his songs and videos as soon as he " @@ -7778,7 +7796,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5820 msgid "" "His songs are essentially marketing for his services, so obviously the " "further his songs spread, the better. Using CC licenses helps grease the " @@ -7790,7 +7808,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5820 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5830 msgid "" "There are some people who cover his songs fairly regularly, and he would " "never shut that down. But he acknowledges there is a lot more he could do to " @@ -7800,7 +7818,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5837 msgid "" "He does have a fan community he cultivates on Bandcamp, but it isn’t his " "major focus. “I do have a core audience that has stuck around for a really " @@ -7812,7 +7830,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5847 msgid "" "Jonathan recognizes what comes naturally to him and leverages those skills. " "Through the practice of daily songwriting, he realized he has a gift for " @@ -7825,7 +7843,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5849 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5859 msgid "" "When he is hired by a client to write a song, he first asks them to send a " "list of talking points and other information they want to include in the " @@ -7841,7 +7859,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5864 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5874 msgid "" "Jonathan admits that in an ideal world, he would exclusively write the music " "he wanted to write, rather than what clients hire him to write. But his " @@ -7850,7 +7868,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5881 msgid "" "Jonathan uses nearly every tool possible to make money from his art, but he " "does have lines he won’t cross. He won’t write songs about things he " @@ -7864,7 +7882,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5883 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5893 msgid "" "Jonathan’s song-a-day commitment exemplifies the power of habit and grit. " "Conventional wisdom about creative productivity, including advice in books " @@ -7875,7 +7893,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5892 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5902 msgid "" "When he speaks about his work, he talks about how much the song-a-day " "process has changed him. Rather than seeing any given piece of work as " @@ -7885,7 +7903,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5899 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5909 msgid "" "Jonathan seems to have this mentality about his career more generally. He is " "constantly experimenting with ways to make a living while sharing his work " @@ -7895,7 +7913,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5907 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5917 msgid "" "“Success feels like it’s over,” he said. “To a certain extent, a creative " "person is not ever going to feel completely satisfied because then so much " @@ -7903,12 +7921,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5913 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5923 msgid "Noun Project" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5916 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5926 msgid "" "The Noun Project is a for-profit company offering an online platform to " "display visual icons from a global network of designers. Founded in 2010 in " @@ -7916,30 +7934,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5931 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5923 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5933 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee, charging for custom services" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5936 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: October 6, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5929 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5939 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Edward Boatman, cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5937 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5947 msgid "" "The Noun Project creates and shares visual language. There are millions who " "use Noun Project symbols to simplify communication across borders, " @@ -7947,7 +7965,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5952 msgid "" "The original idea for the Noun Project came to cofounder Edward Boatman " "while he was a student in architecture design school. He’d always done a lot " @@ -7958,7 +7976,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5950 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5960 msgid "" "When Edward went on to work at an architecture firm, he had to make a lot of " "presentation boards for clients. But finding high-quality sources for " @@ -7968,7 +7986,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5958 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5968 msgid "" "With his partner, Sofya Polyakov, he began collecting symbols for a website " "and writing a business plan. Inspiration came from the book Professor and " @@ -7978,14 +7996,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5969 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5979 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/tnp/building-a-free-" "collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5966 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5976 msgid "" "Then Edward got laid off during the recession, which turned out to be a huge " "catalyst. He decided to give his idea a go, and in 2010 Edward and Sofya " @@ -7997,7 +8015,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5975 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5985 msgid "" "They created a platform where symbols and icons could be uploaded, and " "Edward began recruiting talented designers to contribute their designs, a " @@ -8007,7 +8025,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5983 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5993 msgid "" "The Noun Project currently has about seven thousand designers from around " "the world. But not all submissions are accepted. The Noun Project’s quality-" @@ -8018,7 +8036,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5992 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6002 msgid "" "Creative Commons is an integral part of the Noun Project’s business model; " "this decision was inspired by Chris Anderson’s book Free: The Future of " @@ -8027,7 +8045,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5999 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6009 msgid "" "Edward knew he wanted to offer a free visual language while still providing " "some protection and reward for its contributors. There is a tension between " @@ -8042,7 +8060,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6013 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6023 msgid "" "Noun Project’s business model and means of generating revenue have evolved " "significantly over time. Their initial plan was to sell T-shirts with the " @@ -8054,7 +8072,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6023 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6033 msgid "" "They asked their global network of designers whether they’d be open to " "receiving modest remuneration instead of attribution. Designers saw it as a " @@ -8064,7 +8082,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6030 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6040 msgid "" "The Noun Project first adopted a model whereby using an icon without giving " "attribution would cost $1.99 per icon. The model’s second iteration added a " @@ -8080,7 +8098,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6044 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6054 msgid "" "Customers then began asking for an application-programming interface (API), " "which would allow Noun Project icons and symbols to be directly accessed " @@ -8095,7 +8113,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6058 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6068 msgid "" "The Noun Project shares revenue with its international designers. For one-" "off purchases, the revenue is split 70 percent to the designer and 30 " @@ -8103,7 +8121,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6063 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6073 msgid "" "The revenue from premium purchases (the subscription and API options) is " "split a little differently. At the end of each month, the total revenue from " @@ -8116,14 +8134,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6075 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6147 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6085 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6157 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6074 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6084 msgid "" "The Noun Project tries to be completely transparent about their royalty " "structure.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> They tend to over " @@ -8132,7 +8150,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6079 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6089 msgid "" "For most creators, contributing to the Noun Project is not a full-time job " "but something they do on the side. Edward categorizes monthly earnings for " @@ -8141,7 +8159,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6086 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6096 msgid "" "Recently the Noun Project launched a new app called Lingo. Designers can " "use Lingo to organize not just their Noun Project icons and symbols but also " @@ -8156,7 +8174,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6100 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6110 msgid "" "The Noun Project gives a ton of value away for free. A very large percentage " "of their roughly one million members have a free account, but there are " @@ -8166,7 +8184,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6107 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6117 msgid "" "For Edward, “creating, sharing, and celebrating the world’s visual language” " "is the most important aspect of what they do; it’s their stated mission. It " @@ -8174,7 +8192,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6113 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6123 msgid "" "Noun Project creators agree. When surveyed on why they participate in the " "Noun Project, this is how designers rank their reasons: 1) to support the " @@ -8185,7 +8203,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6122 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6132 msgid "" "In Edward’s view, Creative Commons is central to their mission of sharing " "and social good. Using Creative Commons makes the Noun Project’s mission " @@ -8194,7 +8212,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6129 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6139 msgid "" "Edward told us, “Don’t underestimate the power of a passionate community " "around your product or your business. They are going to go to bat for you " @@ -8206,7 +8224,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6139 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6149 msgid "" "The Noun Project nurtures their creators’ second motivation—promoting a " "personal brand—by connecting every icon and symbol to the creator’s name and " @@ -8215,7 +8233,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6156 msgid "" "The Noun Project also builds community through Iconathons—hackathons for " "icons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> In partnership with a " @@ -8227,7 +8245,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6155 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6165 msgid "" "Providing a free version of their product that satisfies a lot of their " "customers’ needs has actually enabled the Noun Project to build the paid " @@ -8239,12 +8257,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6166 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6176 msgid "Open Data Institute" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6169 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6179 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute is an independent nonprofit that connects, equips, " "and inspires people around the world to innovate with data. Founded in 2012 " @@ -8252,31 +8270,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6174 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6184 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6176 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6186 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant and government " "funding, charging for custom services, donations" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6179 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6189 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 11, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6182 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6192 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Jeni Tennison, technical " "director" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6190 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6200 msgid "" "Cofounded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Sir Nigel Shadbolt in 2012, the London-" "based Open Data Institute (ODI) offers data-related training, events, " @@ -8288,7 +8306,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6210 msgid "" "Data underpins planning and decision making across all aspects of society. " "Weather data helps farmers know when to plant their crops, flight time data " @@ -8302,7 +8320,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6212 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6222 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute’s 2012–17 business plan starts out by describing its " "vision to establish itself as a world-leading center and to research and be " @@ -8312,38 +8330,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6222 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6232 msgid "" "demonstrate the commercial value of open government data and how open-data " "policies affect this;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6238 msgid "develop the economic benefits case and business models for open data;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6234 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6244 msgid "help UK businesses use open data; and" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6239 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6249 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://e642e8368e3bf8d5526e-464b4b70b4554c1a79566214d402739e.r6." "cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6239 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6249 msgid "" "show how open data can improve public services.<placeholder type=\"footnote" "\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6244 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6254 msgid "" "ODI is very explicit about how it wants to make open business models, and " "defining what this means. Jeni Tennison, ODI’s technical director, puts it " @@ -8354,7 +8372,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6264 msgid "" "As an independent nonprofit, ODI secured £10 million over five years from " "the UK government via Innovate UK, an agency that promotes innovation in " @@ -8364,7 +8382,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6262 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6272 msgid "" "Jeni started out as a developer and technical architect for data.gov.uk, the " "UK government’s pioneering open-data initiative. She helped make data sets " @@ -8374,7 +8392,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6269 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6279 msgid "" "ODI strives to have half its annual budget come from the core UK government " "and Omidyar grants, and the other half from project-based research and " @@ -8384,19 +8402,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6277 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6287 msgid "" "On the commercial side, ODI generates funding through memberships, training, " "and advisory services." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6292 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6302 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6281 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6291 msgid "" "You can join the ODI as an individual or commercial member. Individual " "membership is pay-what-you-can, with options ranging from £1 to £100. " @@ -8411,7 +8429,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6305 msgid "" "ODI provides standardized open data training courses in which anyone can " "enroll. The initial idea was to offer an intensive and academically oriented " @@ -8426,7 +8444,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6309 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6319 msgid "" "ODI customizes training for clients as well, for which there is more demand. " "Custom training usually emerges through an established relationship with an " @@ -8437,7 +8455,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6318 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6328 msgid "" "Education about open data is also a part of ODI’s annual summit event, where " "curated presentations and speakers showcase the work of ODI and its members " @@ -8447,7 +8465,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6326 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6336 msgid "" "In addition to memberships and training, ODI provides advisory services to " "help with technical-data support, technology development, change management, " @@ -8458,13 +8476,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6335 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6345 msgid "" "On the commercial side, the following value propositions seem to resonate:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6341 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6351 msgid "" "Data-driven insights. Businesses need data from outside their business to " "get more insight. Businesses can generate value and more effectively pursue " @@ -8472,7 +8490,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6349 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6359 msgid "" "Open innovation. Many large-scale enterprises are aware they don’t innovate " "very well. One way they can innovate is to open up their data. ODI " @@ -8482,7 +8500,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6358 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6368 msgid "" "Corporate social responsibility. While this resonates with businesses, ODI " "cautions against having it be the sole reason for making data open. If a " @@ -8491,7 +8509,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6367 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6377 msgid "" "During their early years, ODI wanted to focus solely on the United Kingdom. " "But in their first year, large delegations of government visitors from over " @@ -8502,7 +8520,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6376 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6386 msgid "" "Nodes are franchises of the ODI at a regional or city level. Hosted by " "existing (for-profit or not-for-profit) organizations, they operate locally " @@ -8515,14 +8533,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6400 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org/odi-startup-programme\"/>; <ulink url=" "\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6388 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6398 msgid "" "ODI also runs programs to help start-ups in the UK and across Europe develop " "a sustainable business around open data, offering mentoring, advice, " @@ -8530,7 +8548,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6394 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6404 msgid "" "A big part of ODI’s business model revolves around community building. " "Memberships, training, summits, consulting services, nodes, and start-up " @@ -8541,12 +8559,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6408 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6418 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6413 msgid "" "ODI has created an online tool that organizations can use to assess the " "legal, practical, technical, and social aspects of their open data. If it is " @@ -8557,7 +8575,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6411 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6421 msgid "" "Separate from commercial activities, the ODI generates funding through " "research grants. Research includes looking at evidence on the impact of open " @@ -8566,7 +8584,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6417 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6427 msgid "" "Creative Commons 4.0 licenses cover database rights and ODI recommends CC " "BY, CC BY-SA, and CC0 for data releases. ODI encourages publishers of data " @@ -8575,7 +8593,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6423 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6433 msgid "" "For ODI, open is at the heart of what they do. They also release any " "software code they produce under open-source-software licenses, and " @@ -8594,7 +8612,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6441 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6451 msgid "" "To serve as evidence of a successful open business model and return on " "investment, ODI has a public dashboard of key performance indicators. Here " @@ -8602,7 +8620,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6459 msgid "" "Total amount of cash investments unlocked in direct investments in ODI, " "competition funding, direct contracts, and partnerships, and income that ODI " @@ -8611,40 +8629,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6457 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6467 msgid "Total number of active members and nodes across the globe: 1,350" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6473 msgid "Total sales since ODI began: £7.44 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6468 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6478 msgid "" "Total number of unique people reached since ODI began, in person and online: " "2.2 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6484 msgid "Total Open Data Certificates created: 151,000" msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6490 +msgid "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>" +msgstr "" + #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6479 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6489 msgid "" -"Total number of people trained by ODI and its nodes since ODI began: 5,0805" +"Total number of people trained by ODI and its nodes since ODI began: " +"5,080<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6486 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6496 msgid "OpenDesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6489 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6499 msgid "" "Opendesk is a for-profit company offering an online platform that connects " "furniture designers around the world with customers and local makers who " @@ -8652,32 +8676,32 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6495 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6505 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6497 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8912 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6507 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8922 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6500 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6510 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 4, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6503 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6513 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Nick Ierodiaconou and " "Joni Steiner, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6511 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6521 msgid "" "Opendesk is an online platform that connects furniture designers around the " "world not just with customers but also with local registered makers who " @@ -8686,7 +8710,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6517 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6527 msgid "" "Cofounders Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner studied and worked as " "architects together. They also made goods. Their first client was Mint " @@ -8704,7 +8728,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6544 msgid "" "When Nick and Joni set out to create Opendesk, there were a lot of questions " "about the viability of distributed manufacturing. No one was doing it in a " @@ -8713,7 +8737,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6541 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6551 msgid "" "And now this sector is emerging, and Nick and Joni are highly interested in " "the commercialization aspects of it. As part of coming up with a business " @@ -8726,7 +8750,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6562 msgid "" "When designing the Opendesk system, they had two goals. They wanted anyone, " "anywhere in the world, to be able to download designs so that they could be " @@ -8736,7 +8760,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6559 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6569 msgid "" "They gave a lot of thought to three angles—the potential for social sharing, " "allowing designers to choose their license, and the impact these choices " @@ -8744,7 +8768,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6564 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6574 msgid "" "In support of social sharing, Opendesk actively advocates for (but doesn’t " "demand) open licensing. And Nick and Joni are agnostic about which Creative " @@ -8754,12 +8778,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6575 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6585 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6572 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6582 msgid "" "For the most part, designers love the idea of sharing content. They " "understand that you get positive feedback when you’re attributed, what Nick " @@ -8768,7 +8792,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6578 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6588 msgid "" "While designers are largely OK with personal sharing, there is a concern " "that someone will take the design and manufacture the furniture in bulk, " @@ -8777,7 +8801,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6585 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6595 msgid "" "Anyone can download a design and make it themselves, provided it’s for " "noncommercial use — and there have been many, many downloads. Or users can " @@ -8789,12 +8813,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6602 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6612 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6605 msgid "" "Makers benefit from being part of Opendesk’s network. Making furniture for " "local customers is paid work, and Opendesk generates business for them. Joni " @@ -8807,7 +8831,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6605 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6615 msgid "" "The makers are a critical part of the Opendesk business model. Their model " "builds off the makers’ quotes. Here’s how it’s expressed on Opendesk’s " @@ -8815,14 +8839,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6610 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6620 msgid "" "When customers buy an Opendesk product directly from a registered maker, " "they pay:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6626 msgid "" "the manufacturing cost as set by the maker (this covers material and labour " "costs for the product to be manufactured and any extra assembly costs " @@ -8830,14 +8854,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6623 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6633 msgid "" "a design fee for the designer (a design fee that is paid to the designer " "every time their design is used)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6629 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6639 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the Opendesk platform (this supports the infrastructure " "and ongoing development of the platform that helps us build out our " @@ -8845,7 +8869,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6636 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6646 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the channel through which the sale is made (at the " "moment this is Opendesk, but in the future we aim to open this up to third-" @@ -8854,14 +8878,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6645 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6655 msgid "" "a local delivery service charge (the delivery is typically charged by the " "maker, but in some cases may be paid to a third-party delivery partner)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6652 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6662 msgid "" "charges for any additional services the customer chooses, such as on-site " "assembly (additional services are discretionary—in many cases makers will be " @@ -8870,24 +8894,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6661 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6671 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6660 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6670 msgid "" "local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)<placeholder type=" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6666 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6676 msgid "They then go into detail how makers’ quotes are created:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6669 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6679 msgid "" "When a customer wants to buy an Opendesk . . . they are provided with a " "transparent breakdown of fees including the manufacturing cost, design fee, " @@ -8900,34 +8924,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6682 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6692 msgid "" "manufacturing cost: fabrication, finishing and any other costs as set by the " "maker (excluding any services like delivery or on-site assembly)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6699 msgid "design fee: 8 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6694 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6704 msgid "platform fee: 12 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6699 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6709 msgid "channel fee: 18 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6704 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6714 msgid "sales tax: as applicable (depends on product and location)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6719 msgid "" "Opendesk shares revenue with their community of designers. According to " "Nick and Joni, a typical designer fee is around 2.5 percent, so Opendesk’s 8 " @@ -8935,7 +8959,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6715 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6725 msgid "" "The Opendesk website features stories of designers and makers. Denis Fuzii " "published the design for the Valovi Chair from his studio in São Paulo. His " @@ -8945,7 +8969,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6723 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6733 msgid "" "To manage resources and remain effective, Opendesk has so far focused on a " "very narrow niche—primarily office furniture of a certain simple aesthetic, " @@ -8956,7 +8980,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6742 msgid "" "On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as “open making”: " "“Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers get profitable jobs and " @@ -8966,7 +8990,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6740 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6750 msgid "" "Nick and Joni say that customers like the fact that the furniture has a " "known provenance. People really like that their furniture was designed by a " @@ -8976,12 +9000,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6753 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6763 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6758 msgid "" "Nick and Joni are taking a community-based approach to define and evolve " "Opendesk and the “open making” business model. They’re engaging thought " @@ -8993,7 +9017,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6757 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6767 msgid "" "Nick and Joni talked a lot with us about intellectual property (IP) and " "commercialization. Many of their designers fear the idea that someone could " @@ -9003,29 +9027,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6765 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6775 msgid "" "Opendesk established a set of principles for what their community considers " "commercial and noncommercial use. Their website states:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6769 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6779 msgid "It is unambiguously commercial use when anyone:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6774 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6784 msgid "charges a fee or makes a profit when making an Opendesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6779 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6789 msgid "sells (or bases a commercial service on) an Opendesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6784 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6794 msgid "" "It follows from this that noncommercial use is when you make an Opendesk " "yourself, with no intention to gain commercial advantage or monetary " @@ -9033,28 +9057,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6792 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6802 msgid "" "you are an individual with your own CNC machine, or access to a shared CNC " "machine, and will personally cut and make a few pieces of furniture yourself" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6799 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6809 msgid "" "you are a student (or teacher) and you use the design files for educational " "purposes or training (and do not intend to sell the resulting pieces)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6816 msgid "" "you work for a charity and get furniture cut by volunteers, or by employees " "at a fab lab or maker space" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6822 msgid "" "Whether or not people technically are doing things that implicate IP, Nick " "and Joni have found that people tend to comply with the wishes of creators " @@ -9066,7 +9090,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6823 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6833 msgid "" "The mission of Opendesk is about relocalizing manufacturing, which changes " "the way we think about how goods are made. Commercialization is integral to " @@ -9076,7 +9100,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6830 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6840 msgid "" "As a global platform for local making, Opendesk’s business model has been " "built on honesty, transparency, and inclusivity. As Nick and Joni describe " @@ -9084,12 +9108,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6847 msgid "OpenStax" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6840 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6850 msgid "" "OpenStax is a nonprofit that provides free, openly licensed textbooks for " "high-enrollment introductory college courses and Advanced Placement courses. " @@ -9097,31 +9121,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6855 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6847 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6857 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, charging " "for custom services, charging for physical copies (textbook sales)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6851 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6861 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 16, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6854 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6864 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: David Harris, editor-in-" "chief" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6862 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6872 msgid "" "OpenStax is an extension of a program called Connexions, which was started " "in 1999 by Dr. Richard Baraniuk, the Victor E. Cameron Professor of " @@ -9135,7 +9159,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6874 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6884 msgid "" "In 2008, while in a senior leadership role at WebAssign and looking at ways " "to reduce the risk that came with relying on publishers, David Harris began " @@ -9148,7 +9172,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6885 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6895 msgid "" "David brought with him a deep understanding of the best practices of " "publishing along with where publishers have inefficiencies. In David’s view, " @@ -9162,14 +9186,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6913 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-" "OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6897 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6907 msgid "" "In 2012, OpenStax College launched as a nonprofit with the aim of producing " "high-quality, peer-reviewed full-color textbooks that would be available for " @@ -9182,7 +9206,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6907 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6917 msgid "" "OpenStax textbooks are all Attribution (CC BY) licensed, and each textbook " "is available as a PDF, an e-book, or web pages. Those who want a physical " @@ -9193,7 +9217,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6916 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6926 msgid "" "Teachers are invited to try out a single chapter from one of the textbooks " "with students. If that goes well, they’re encouraged to adopt the entire " @@ -9203,7 +9227,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6924 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6934 msgid "" "Any teacher can post corrections, suggest examples for difficult concepts, " "or volunteer as an editor or author. As many teachers also want supplemental " @@ -9212,12 +9236,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6935 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6945 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6931 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6941 msgid "" "Institutions can stand out by offering students a lower-cost education " "through the use of OpenStax textbooks; there’s even a textbook-savings " @@ -9227,7 +9251,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6948 msgid "" "Unlike traditional publishers’ monolithic approach of controlling " "intellectual property, distribution, and so many other aspects, OpenStax has " @@ -9236,7 +9260,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6944 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6954 msgid "" "Up-front funding of a professionally produced all-color turnkey textbook is " "expensive. For this part of their model, OpenStax relies on philanthropy. " @@ -9249,7 +9273,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6965 msgid "" "However, ongoing operations will not rely on foundation grants but instead " "on funds received through an ecosystem of over forty partners, whereby a " @@ -9261,7 +9285,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6965 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6975 msgid "" "Another example is Odigia, who has turned OpenStax books into interactive " "learning experiences and created additional tools to measure and promote " @@ -9273,7 +9297,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6975 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6985 msgid "" "In David’s view, this approach lets the market operate at peak efficiency. " "OpenStax’s partners don’t have to worry about developing textbook content, " @@ -9286,7 +9310,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6987 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6997 msgid "" "OpenStax’s cost of sales to acquire a single student is very, very low and " "is a fraction of what traditional players in the market face. This year, " @@ -9296,7 +9320,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7005 msgid "" "While OpenStax books are available online for free, many students still want " "a print copy. Through a partnership with a print and courier company, " @@ -9308,7 +9332,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7015 msgid "" "Campus-based bookstores are part of the OpenStax solution. OpenStax " "collaborates with NACSCORP (the National Association of College Stores " @@ -9323,7 +9347,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7018 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7028 msgid "" "David thinks of the OpenStax model as “OER 2.0.” So what is OER 1.0? " "Historically in the OER field, many OER initiatives have been locally funded " @@ -9334,7 +9358,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7026 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7036 msgid "" "OER 2.0 is about OER intended to be used and adopted on a national level " "right from the start. This requires a bigger investment up front but pays " @@ -9348,7 +9372,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7039 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7049 msgid "" "The process is similar for both models. First they look at the scope and " "sequence of existing textbooks. They ask questions like what does the " @@ -9367,7 +9391,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7057 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7067 msgid "" "All the people involved in this process are paid. OpenStax does not rely on " "volunteers. Writers, reviewers, illustrators, and editors are all paid an up-" @@ -9379,7 +9403,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7067 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7077 msgid "" "David thinks of the Attribution license (CC BY) as the “innovation license.” " "It’s core to the mission of OpenStax, letting people use their textbooks in " @@ -9390,7 +9414,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7076 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7086 msgid "" "Using CC BY is also a good example of using strategies that traditional " "publishers can’t. Traditional publishers rely on copyright to prevent others " @@ -9402,34 +9426,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7086 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7096 msgid "" "As of September 16, 2016, OpenStax has achieved some impressive results. " "From the OpenStax at a Glance fact sheet from their recent press kit:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7093 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7103 msgid "Books published: 23" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7108 msgid "Students who have used OpenStax: 1.6 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7103 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7113 msgid "Money saved for students: $155 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7108 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7118 msgid "Money saved for students in the 2016/17 academic year: $77 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7124 msgid "" "Schools that have used OpenStax: 2,668 (This number reflects all " "institutions using at least one OpenStax textbook. Out of 2,668 schools, 517 " @@ -9438,7 +9462,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7123 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7133 msgid "" "While OpenStax has to date been focused on the United States, there is " "overseas adoption especially in the science, technology, engineering, and " @@ -9447,7 +9471,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7140 msgid "" "OpenStax has primarily focused on introductory-level college courses where " "there is high enrollment, but they are starting to think about verticals—a " @@ -9457,7 +9481,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7138 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7148 msgid "" "Finally, for OpenStax success is not just about the adoption of their " "textbooks and student savings. There is a human aspect to the work that is " @@ -9470,22 +9494,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7161 msgid "Amanda Palmer" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7164 msgid "Amanda Palmer is a musician, artist, and writer. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7158 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7168 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7160 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7170 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), pay-what-you-want, charging for physical copies (book " @@ -9494,20 +9518,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7165 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7175 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 15, 2015" msgstr "" +#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7185 +msgid "" +"<ulink url=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/" +"amanda-palmer-uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-" +"swift/#44e20ce46d67\"/>" +msgstr "" + #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7173 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7183 msgid "" "Since the beginning of her career, Amanda Palmer has been on what she calls " "a “journey with no roadmap,” continually experimenting to find new ways to " -"sustain her creative work. 1" +"sustain her creative work.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7178 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7188 msgid "" "In her best-selling book, The Art of Asking, Amanda articulates exactly what " "she has been and continues to strive for—“the ideal sweet spot . . . in " @@ -9516,7 +9548,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7185 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7195 msgid "" "While she seems to have successfully found that sweet spot for herself, " "Amanda is the first to acknowledge there is no silver bullet. She thinks the " @@ -9527,7 +9559,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7194 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7204 msgid "" "Amanda began her artistic career as a street performer. She would dress up " "in an antique wedding gown, paint her face white, stand on a stack of milk " @@ -9542,7 +9574,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7208 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7218 msgid "" "Amanda has come a long way from her street-performing days, but her career " "remains dominated by that same sentiment—finding ways to reach “her crowd” " @@ -9554,7 +9586,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7229 msgid "" "After leaving the record label in 2008, she began experimenting with " "different ways to make a living. She released music directly to the public " @@ -9567,7 +9599,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7231 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7241 msgid "" "Today, Amanda has switched gears away from crowdfunding for specific " "projects to instead getting consistent financial support from her fan base " @@ -9580,7 +9612,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7242 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7252 msgid "" "Making her music and art available under Creative Commons licensing " "undoubtedly limits her options for how she makes a living. But sharing her " @@ -9598,7 +9630,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7260 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7270 msgid "" "Amanda embraces the way her fans share and build upon her music. In The Art " "of Asking, she wrote that some of her fans’ unofficial videos using her " @@ -9608,7 +9640,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7278 msgid "" "This is symbolic of how nearly everything she does in her career is " "motivated by a desire to connect with her fans. At the start of her career, " @@ -9619,7 +9651,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7277 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7287 msgid "" "Even though her fan base is now huge and global, she continues to seek this " "sort of human connection with her fans. She seeks out face-to-face contact " @@ -9632,7 +9664,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7289 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7299 msgid "" "Another part of the connection fans feel with Amanda is how much they know " "about her life. Rather than trying to craft a public persona or image, she " @@ -9644,7 +9676,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7309 msgid "" "“With social media, we’re so concerned with the picture looking palatable " "and consumable that we forget that being human and showing the flaws and " @@ -9655,7 +9687,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7308 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7318 msgid "" "Not only does she disclose intimate details of her life to them, she sleeps " "on their couches, listens to their stories, cries with them. In short, she " @@ -9667,7 +9699,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7318 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7328 msgid "" "After years of investing time and energy into building trust with her fans, " "she has a strong enough relationship with them to ask for support—through " @@ -9679,7 +9711,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7328 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7338 msgid "" "“When you openly, radically trust people, they not only take care of you, " "they become your allies, your family,” she wrote. There really is a feeling " @@ -9689,7 +9721,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7336 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7346 msgid "" "This sort of intimacy with fans is not possible or even desirable for every " "creator. “I don’t take for granted that I happen to be the type of person " @@ -9701,7 +9733,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7345 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7355 msgid "" "Yet while Amanda joyfully interacts with her fans and involves them in her " "work as much as possible, she does keep one job primarily to herself—writing " @@ -9716,7 +9748,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7358 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7368 msgid "" "For Amanda, the entire point of being an artist is to establish and maintain " "this connection. “It sounds so corny,” she said, “but my experience in forty " @@ -9727,7 +9759,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7367 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7377 msgid "" "As she explains it, when a fan gives her a ten-dollar bill, usually what " "they are saying is that the money symbolizes some deeper value the music " @@ -9739,12 +9771,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7378 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7388 msgid "PLOS (Public Library of Science)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7391 msgid "" "PLOS (Public Library of Science) is a nonprofit that publishes a library of " "academic journals and other scientific literature. Founded in 2000 in the U." @@ -9752,30 +9784,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7386 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7396 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7388 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7398 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators an author processing charge to be featured in the journal" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7392 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7402 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 7, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7394 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7404 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Louise Page, publisher" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7402 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7412 msgid "" "The Public Library of Science (PLOS) began in 2000 when three leading " "scientists—Harold E. Varmus, Patrick O. Brown, and Michael Eisen—started an " @@ -9791,7 +9823,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7416 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7426 msgid "" "Traditionally, academic publishing begins with an author submitting a " "manuscript to a publisher. After in-house technical and ethical " @@ -9805,7 +9837,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7437 msgid "" "For Louise Page, the current publisher of PLOS, this traditional model " "results in inequity. Access is restricted to those who can pay. Most " @@ -9819,7 +9851,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7449 msgid "" "That new model became known as open access. That is, free and open " "availability on the Internet. Open-access research articles are not behind a " @@ -9833,7 +9865,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7451 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7461 msgid "" "However, open access requires rethinking the business model of research " "publication. Rather than charge a subscription fee to access the journal, " @@ -9847,7 +9879,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7473 msgid "" "Calculating the article-processing charge involves taking all the costs " "associated with publishing the journal and determining a cost per article " @@ -9859,7 +9891,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7472 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7482 msgid "" "PLOS believes that lack of funds should not be a barrier to publication. " "Since its inception, PLOS has provided fee support for individuals and " @@ -9867,7 +9899,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7488 msgid "" "Louise identifies marketing as one area of big difference between PLOS and " "traditional journal publishers. Traditional journals have to invest heavily " @@ -9885,7 +9917,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7495 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7505 msgid "" "For Louise, PLOS would not exist without the Attribution license (CC BY). " "This makes it very clear what rights are associated with the content and " @@ -9896,7 +9928,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7503 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7513 msgid "" "PLOS also has a broad open-data policy. To get their research paper " "published, PLOS authors must also make their data available in a public " @@ -9904,7 +9936,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7508 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7518 msgid "" "Business-operation costs associated with the open-access model still largely " "follow the existing publishing model. PLOS journals are online only, but the " @@ -9915,7 +9947,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7517 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7527 msgid "" "Researchers are influenced by journal rankings, which reflect the place of a " "journal within its field, the relative difficulty of being published in that " @@ -9924,7 +9956,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7523 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7533 msgid "" "The promotion and tenure of researchers are partially based how many times " "other researchers cite their articles. Louise says when researchers want to " @@ -9935,7 +9967,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7532 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7542 msgid "" "Louise believes that open access has been a huge success, progressing from a " "movement led by a small cadre of researchers to something that is now " @@ -9945,7 +9977,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7540 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7550 msgid "" "PLOS further disrupted the traditional journal-publishing model by " "pioneering the concept of a megajournal. The PLOS ONE megajournal, launched " @@ -9969,7 +10001,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7564 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7574 msgid "" "Louise outlined some other aspects of the research-journal business model " "PLOS is experimenting with, describing each as a kind of slider that could " @@ -9977,7 +10009,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7579 msgid "" "One slider is time to publication. Time to publication may shorten as " "journals get better at providing quicker decisions to authors. However, " @@ -9986,7 +10018,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7576 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7586 msgid "" "Peer review is another part of the process that could change. It’s possible " "to redefine what peer review actually is, when to review, and what " @@ -10000,7 +10032,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7588 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7598 msgid "" "Louise says research with negative outcomes is almost as important as " "positive results. If journals published more research with negative " @@ -10009,7 +10041,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7605 msgid "" "Another adjustable practice is the sharing of articles at early preprint " "stages. Publication of research in a peer-reviewed journal can take a long " @@ -10027,7 +10059,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7613 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7623 msgid "" "What constitutes a journal article could also change. The idea of a research " "article as printed, bound, and in a library stack is outdated. Digital and " @@ -10039,17 +10071,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7627 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7637 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7641 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7623 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7633 msgid "" "As journals scale up, and new journals are introduced, more and more " "information is being pushed out to readers, making the experience feel like " @@ -10065,7 +10097,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7636 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7646 msgid "" "The big picture for PLOS going forward is to combine and adjust these " "experimental practices in ways that continue to improve accessibility and " @@ -10077,7 +10109,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7646 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7656 msgid "" "For PLOS, success is not about revenue. Success is about proving that " "scientific research can be communicated rapidly and economically at scale, " @@ -10089,7 +10121,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7656 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7666 msgid "" "Ultimately, for PLOS, its authors, and its readers, success is about making " "research discoverable, available, and reproducible for the advancement of " @@ -10097,24 +10129,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7662 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7672 msgid "Rijksmuseum" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7665 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7675 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum dedicated to art and history. " "Founded in 1800 in the Netherlands" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7669 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7679 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7671 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7681 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grants and government " "funding, charging for in-person version (museum admission), selling " @@ -10122,19 +10154,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7675 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7685 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 11, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7688 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lizzy Jongma, the data " "manager of the collections information department" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7696 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum, a national museum in the Netherlands dedicated to art and " "history, has been housed in its current building since 1885. The monumental " @@ -10151,7 +10183,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7702 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7712 msgid "" "By the time Lizzy Jongma joined the Rijksmuseum in 2011 as a data manager, " "staff were fed up with the situation the museum was in. They also realized " @@ -10167,7 +10199,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7716 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7726 msgid "" "It was effective but a bit boring. It was just data. A hackathon they were " "invited to got them to start talking about events like that as having " @@ -10178,12 +10210,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7737 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7725 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7735 msgid "" "Then, Lizzy says, Europeana came along. Europeana is Europe’s digital " "library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.<placeholder type=" @@ -10199,7 +10231,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7739 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7749 msgid "" "They realized that they don’t “own” the collection and couldn’t " "realistically monitor and enforce compliance with the restrictive licensing " @@ -10213,7 +10245,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7762 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum began making their digital photos of works known to " "be free of copyright available online, using Creative Commons CC0 to place " @@ -10228,7 +10260,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7766 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7776 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum changed its business model. They Creative Commons " "licensed their highest-quality images and released them online for free. " @@ -10241,7 +10273,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7777 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7787 msgid "" "Releasing these high-quality images for free reduced the number of poor-" "quality images that were proliferating. The high-quality image of Vermeer’s " @@ -10257,7 +10289,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7792 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7802 msgid "" "Every museum tends to be driven by the number of physical visitors. The " "Rijksmuseum is primarily publicly funded, receiving roughly 70 percent of " @@ -10268,7 +10300,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7800 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7810 msgid "" "As museums create a digital presence for themselves and put up digital " "representations of their collection online, there’s frequently a worry that " @@ -10283,12 +10315,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7820 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7830 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7814 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7824 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum received €1 million from the Dutch lottery to create " "a new web presence that would be different from any other museum’s. In " @@ -10299,7 +10331,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7823 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7833 msgid "" "The Rijksstudio gives users access to over two hundred thousand high-quality " "digital representations of masterworks from the collection. Users can zoom " @@ -10312,7 +10344,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7844 msgid "" "Users have created over 276,000 Rijksstudios, generating their own themed " "virtual exhibitions on a wide variety of topics ranging from tapestries to " @@ -10321,7 +10353,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7841 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7851 msgid "" "Some contemporary artists who have works in the Rijksmuseum collection " "contacted them to ask why their works were not included in the Rijksstudio. " @@ -10334,14 +10366,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7861 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7871 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-" "kimono-kimono-robe\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7852 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7862 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum believes that art stimulates entrepreneurial activity. The " "line between creative and commercial can be blurry. As Lizzy says, even " @@ -10355,7 +10387,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7865 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7875 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award\"/>; the 2014 " "award: <ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award-2014\"/>; " @@ -10364,14 +10396,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7877 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7887 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-" "rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7864 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7874 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum organized their first high-profile design " "competition, known as the Rijksstudio Award.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -10389,7 +10421,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7883 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7893 msgid "" "For the next iteration of the Rijksstudio, the Rijksmuseum is considering an " "upload tool, for people to upload their own works of art, and enhanced " @@ -10397,7 +10429,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7889 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7899 msgid "" "Going with a more open business model generated lots of publicity for the " "Rijksmuseum. They were one of the first museums to open up their collection " @@ -10408,7 +10440,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7898 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7908 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum has been experimenting with other ways to invite the public " "to look at and interact with their collection. On an international day " @@ -10423,7 +10455,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7921 msgid "" "For the Rijksmuseum, adopting an open business model was scary. They came " "up with many worst-case scenarios, imagining all kinds of awful things " @@ -10443,42 +10475,42 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7931 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7941 msgid "Shareable" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7934 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7944 msgid "" "Shareable is an online magazine about sharing. Founded in 2009 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7948 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7940 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7950 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, " "crowdfunding (project-based), donations, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7943 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7953 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 24, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7946 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7956 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Neal Gorenflo, cofounder " "and executive editor" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7954 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7964 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable faced an impasse. The nonprofit online publication had " "helped start a sharing movement four years prior, but over time, they " @@ -10491,7 +10523,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7965 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7975 msgid "" "As an organization, Shareable decided to draw a line in the sand. In 2013, " "the cofounder and executive editor Neal Gorenflo wrote an opinion piece in " @@ -10504,7 +10536,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7977 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7987 msgid "" "Neal said their public critique of the corporate sharing economy defined " "what Shareable was and is. He does not think the magazine would still be " @@ -10515,7 +10547,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7986 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7996 msgid "" "Interestingly, impassioned supporters are only a small sliver of Shareable’s " "total audience. Most are casual readers who come across a Shareable story " @@ -10528,7 +10560,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8007 msgid "" "Shareable is a magazine, but the content they publish is a means to " "furthering their role as a leader and catalyst of a movement. Shareable " @@ -10541,7 +10573,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8008 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8018 msgid "" "They have worked hard to find ways to tell stories that show different " "metrics for success. “We wanted to change the notion of what constitutes the " @@ -10554,7 +10586,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8019 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8029 msgid "" "More than half of Shareable’s stories are written by paid journalists that " "are contracted by the magazine. “Particularly in content areas that are a " @@ -10570,7 +10602,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8033 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8043 msgid "" "All of Shareable’s original content is published under the Attribution " "license (CC BY), meaning it can be used for any purpose as long as credit is " @@ -10585,7 +10617,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8047 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8057 msgid "" "In addition to their regular news and commentary online, Shareable has also " "experimented with book publishing. In 2012, they worked with a traditional " @@ -10597,7 +10629,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8057 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8067 msgid "" "In 2016, Shareable self-published a book of curated Shareable stories called " "How to: Share, Save Money and Have Fun. The book was available for sale, but " @@ -10606,7 +10638,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8064 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8074 msgid "" "This recent book is one of many fund-raising experiments Shareable has " "conducted in recent years. Currently, Shareable is primarily funded by " @@ -10618,7 +10650,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8074 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8084 msgid "" "For Shareable, success is very much about their impact on the world. This is " "true for Neal, but also for everyone who works for Shareable. “We attract " @@ -10632,7 +10664,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8086 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8096 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable ran its first crowdfunding campaign to launch their " "Sharing Cities Network. Neal said at first they were on pace to fail " @@ -10644,7 +10676,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8096 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8106 msgid "" "For Neal, this symbolized how so much of success comes down to " "relationships. Over time, Shareable has invested time and energy into the " @@ -10654,7 +10686,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8103 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8113 msgid "" "Shareable began hosting events in 2010. These events were designed to bring " "the sharing community together. But over time they realized they could reach " @@ -10672,7 +10704,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8120 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8130 msgid "" "Neal says Shareable stumbled upon this strategy, but it seems to perfectly " "encapsulate just how the commons is supposed to work. Rather than a one-" @@ -10681,12 +10713,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8128 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8138 msgid "Siyavula" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8131 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8141 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit educational-technology company that creates " "textbooks and integrated learning experiences. Founded in 2012 in South " @@ -10694,29 +10726,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8146 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8138 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8148 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8141 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8151 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: April 5, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8143 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8153 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Horner, CEO" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8150 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8160 msgid "" "Openness is a key principle for Siyavula. They believe that every learner " "and teacher should have access to high-quality educational resources, as " @@ -10726,7 +10758,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8158 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8168 msgid "" "In terms of creating an open business model that involves Creative Commons, " "Siyavula—and its founder, Mark Horner—have been around the block a few " @@ -10735,7 +10767,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8165 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8175 msgid "" "It all started in 2002, when Mark and several other colleagues at the " "University of Cape Town in South Africa founded the Free High School Science " @@ -10745,12 +10777,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8176 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8186 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8173 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8183 msgid "" "As physicists, Mark and his colleagues were advocates of open-source " "software. To make the books open and free, they adopted the Free Software " @@ -10762,7 +10794,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8182 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8192 msgid "" "In 2007, the Shuttleworth Foundation offered funding support to make the " "textbooks available for trial use at more schools. Surveys before and after " @@ -10772,7 +10804,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8190 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8200 msgid "" "But the development of new textbooks froze at this stage. Mark shifted his " "focus to rural schools, which didn’t have textbooks at all, and looked into " @@ -10781,12 +10813,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8210 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8196 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8206 msgid "" "In 2007, Shuttleworth and the Open Society Institute convened a group of " "open-education activists for a small but lively meeting in Cape Town. One " @@ -10798,7 +10830,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8205 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8215 msgid "" "They wrote six original textbooks. A small publishing company offered " "Shuttleworth the option to buy out the publisher’s existing K–9 content for " @@ -10808,7 +10840,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8213 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8223 msgid "" "Mark wanted to build out the remaining curricula collaboratively through " "communities of practice—that is, with fellow educators and writers. Although " @@ -10824,12 +10856,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8242 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8238 msgid "" "Not only did Mark want the resources to be shareable, he wanted all teachers " "to be able to remix and edit the content. Mark and his team had to come up " @@ -10841,7 +10873,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8236 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8246 msgid "" "Then the Shuttleworth Foundation decided to completely restructure its work " "as a foundation into a fellowship model (for reasons completely unrelated to " @@ -10850,7 +10882,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8243 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8253 msgid "" "Mark and his team experimented with several different strategies. They " "tried creating an authoring and hosting platform called Full Marks so that " @@ -10861,7 +10893,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8251 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8261 msgid "" "Then the South African government approached Siyavula with an interest in " "printing out the original six Free High School Science Texts (math and " @@ -10872,7 +10904,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8259 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8269 msgid "" "They began to conceive of the six books as having massive marketing " "potential for Siyavula. Printing Siyavula books for every kid in South " @@ -10883,7 +10915,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8278 msgid "" "Mark and his team began imagining what they could develop beyond what was in " "the textbooks as a service they charge for. One key thing you can’t do well " @@ -10897,7 +10929,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8281 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8291 msgid "" "The costs for using Intelligent Practice were set very low, making it " "accessible even to those with limited financial means. Siyavula was going " @@ -10906,7 +10938,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8287 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8297 msgid "" "The government distributed the books to 1.5 million students, but there was " "an unexpected wrinkle: the books were delivered late. Rather than wait, " @@ -10917,7 +10949,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8296 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8306 msgid "" "Siyavula’s site did see a dramatic increase in traffic. They got five " "hundred thousand visitors per month to their math site and the same number " @@ -10928,7 +10960,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8315 msgid "" "At first, the Intelligent Practice services could only be paid using a " "credit card. This proved problematic, especially for those in the low-income " @@ -10939,7 +10971,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8324 msgid "" "Mark describes this as the first version of Siyavula’s business model: open " "textbooks serving as marketing material and driving traffic to your site, " @@ -10948,7 +10980,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8320 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8330 msgid "" "For Mark a key decision for Siyavula’s business was to focus on how they can " "add value on top of their basic service. They’ll charge only if they are " @@ -10959,7 +10991,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8329 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8339 msgid "" "Version two of Siyavula’s business model was a big, ambitious idea—scale up. " "They also decided to sell the Intelligent Practice service to schools " @@ -10972,7 +11004,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8340 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8350 msgid "" "Teachers get a dashboard that allows them to monitor the progress of an " "entire class or view an individual learner’s results. They can see the " @@ -10983,7 +11015,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8349 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8359 msgid "" "Based on the success of this effort, Siyavula decided to substantially " "increase the production of open educational resources so they could provide " @@ -10993,12 +11025,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8360 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8370 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8357 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8367 msgid "" "In partnership with, and sponsored by, the Sasol Inzalo Foundation, Siyavula " "produced a series of natural sciences and technology workbooks for grades 4 " @@ -11008,7 +11040,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8364 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8374 msgid "" "Through this experience, Siyavula learned they could get sponsors to help " "fund openly licensed textbooks. It helped that Siyavula had by this time " @@ -11020,7 +11052,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8374 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8384 msgid "" "The Siyavula books that are reviewed, approved, and branded by the " "government are freely and openly available on Siyavula’s website under an " @@ -11031,7 +11063,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8382 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8392 msgid "" "Although the South African government paid to print and distribute hard " "copies of the books to schoolkids, Siyavula itself received no funding from " @@ -11044,7 +11076,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8393 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8403 msgid "" "Using Siyavula books generated huge savings for the government. Providing " "students with a traditionally published grade 12 science or math textbook " @@ -11056,7 +11088,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8413 msgid "" "Just as Siyavula was planning to scale up the production of open textbooks " "even more, the South African government changed its textbook policy. To save " @@ -11066,7 +11098,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8411 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8421 msgid "" "Rather than producing more textbooks, Siyavula focused on improving its " "Intelligent Practice technology for its existing books. Mark calls this " @@ -11079,7 +11111,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8422 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8432 msgid "" "Mark says sales are way up, and they are really nailing Intelligent " "Practice. Schools continue to use their open textbooks. The government-" @@ -11088,7 +11120,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8429 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8439 msgid "" "Siyavula is exploring a range of enhancements to their business model. These " "include charging a small amount for assessment services provided over the " @@ -11098,7 +11130,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8437 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8447 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit business but one with a social mission. Their " "shareholders’ agreement lists lots of requirements around openness for " @@ -11114,42 +11146,42 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8453 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8463 msgid "SparkFun" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8456 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8466 msgid "" "SparkFun is an online electronics retailer specializing in open hardware. " "Founded in 2003 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8460 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8470 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8472 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (electronics sales)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8465 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8475 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 29, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8468 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8478 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8476 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8486 msgid "" "SparkFun founder and former CEO Nathan Seidle has a picture of himself " "holding up a clone of a SparkFun product in an electronics market in China, " @@ -11159,7 +11191,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8483 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8493 msgid "" "“Being copied is the greatest earmark of flattery and success,” Nathan said. " "“I thought it was so cool that they were selling to a market we were never " @@ -11168,7 +11200,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8489 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8499 msgid "" "This worldview runs through everything SparkFun does. SparkFun is an " "electronics manufacturer. The company sells its products directly to the " @@ -11179,7 +11211,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8498 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8508 msgid "" "Nathan believes open licensing is good for the world. “It touches on our " "natural human instinct to share,” he said. But he also strongly believes it " @@ -11190,7 +11222,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8507 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8517 msgid "" "“We compete on business principles,” Nathan said. “Claiming your territory " "with intellectual property allows you to get comfy and rest on your laurels. " @@ -11198,7 +11230,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8513 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8523 msgid "" "The result is an intense company-wide focus on product development and " "improvement. “Our products are so much better than they were five years " @@ -11210,7 +11242,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8523 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8533 msgid "" "SparkFun parts are available on eBay for lower prices. But people come " "directly to SparkFun because SparkFun makes their lives easier. The example " @@ -11222,7 +11254,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8532 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8542 msgid "" "SparkFun’s company history began in Nathan’s college dorm room. He spent a " "lot of time experimenting with and building electronics, and he realized " @@ -11235,7 +11267,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8543 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8553 msgid "" "Once he started designing his own products, he began putting the software " "and schematics online to help with technical support. After doing some " @@ -11246,7 +11278,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8562 msgid "" "The company has grown from a solo project to a corporation with 140 " "employees. In 2015, SparkFun earned $33 million in revenue. Selling " @@ -11257,7 +11289,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8561 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8571 msgid "" "SparkFun also has an educational department dedicated to creating a hands-on " "curriculum to teach students about electronics using prototyping parts. " @@ -11267,7 +11299,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8579 msgid "" "“We have the burden and opportunity to educate the next generation of " "technical citizens,” Nathan said. “Our goal is to affect the lives of three " @@ -11275,7 +11307,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8575 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8585 msgid "" "The Creative Commons license underlying all of SparkFun’s products is " "central to this mission. The license not only signals a willingness to " @@ -11288,7 +11320,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8586 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8596 msgid "" "From the beginning, Nathan has tried to create a work environment at " "SparkFun that he himself would want to work in. The result is what appears " @@ -11300,7 +11332,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8607 msgid "" "The public event, called the Autonomous Vehicle Competition, brings in a " "thousand to two thousand customers and other technology enthusiasts from " @@ -11315,7 +11347,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8611 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8621 msgid "" "Nathan has worked hard to imbue a deeper meaning into the work SparkFun " "does. The company is, of course, focused on being fiscally responsible, but " @@ -11327,7 +11359,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8631 msgid "" "The company is committed to transparency and shares all of its financials " "with its employees. They also generally strive to avoid being another " @@ -11337,7 +11369,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8638 msgid "" "SparkFun’s customer base is largely made up of industrious electronics " "enthusiasts. They have customers who are regularly involved in the company’s " @@ -11350,7 +11382,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8640 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8650 msgid "" "However, this sort of customer engagement does not always translate to " "people actively contributing to SparkFun’s projects. The company has a " @@ -11362,7 +11394,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8651 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8661 msgid "" "Rather than focusing on cocreation with their customers, SparkFun instead " "focuses on enabling people to copy, tinker, and improve products on their " @@ -11373,7 +11405,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8660 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8670 msgid "" "Obviously, opening up the design of their products is a necessary step if " "their goal is to empower the public. Nathan also firmly believes it makes " @@ -11388,12 +11420,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8684 msgid "TeachAIDS" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8677 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8687 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a nonprofit that creates educational materials designed to " "teach people around the world about HIV and AIDS. Founded in 2005 in the U." @@ -11401,29 +11433,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8682 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8692 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8684 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8694 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8696 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 24, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8699 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Piya Sorcar, the CEO, and " "Shuman Ghosemajumder, the chair" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8697 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8707 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is an unconventional media company with a conventional revenue " "model. Like most media companies, they are subsidized by advertising. " @@ -11432,7 +11464,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8703 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8713 msgid "" "But unlike most media companies, Teach-AIDS is a nonprofit organization with " "a purely social mission. TeachAIDS is dedicated to educating the global " @@ -11447,7 +11479,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8716 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8726 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a labor of love for founder and CEO Piya Sorcar, who earns a " "salary of one dollar per year from the nonprofit. The project grew out of " @@ -11468,7 +11500,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8736 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8746 msgid "" "In late 2005, Piya and her team used research-based design to create new " "educational materials and worked with local partners in India to help " @@ -11482,7 +11514,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8758 msgid "" "Very shortly after the initial release, Piya’s team decided to spin the " "endeavor into an independent nonprofit out of Stanford University. They also " @@ -11490,7 +11522,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8754 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8764 msgid "" "Given their educational mission, TeachAIDS had an obvious interest in seeing " "the materials as widely shared as possible. But they also needed to preserve " @@ -11506,7 +11538,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8769 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8779 msgid "" "Choosing a license that does not allow adaptation of the content was an " "outgrowth of the careful precision with which TeachAIDS crafts their " @@ -11517,7 +11549,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8777 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8787 msgid "" "One important finding was that people accept the message best when it comes " "from familiar voices they trust and admire. To achieve this, TeachAIDS " @@ -11528,7 +11560,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8786 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8796 msgid "" "Localization is probably the single-most important aspect of the way " "TeachAIDS creates its content. While each regional version builds from the " @@ -11544,7 +11576,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8811 msgid "" "The localization process relies heavily on volunteers. Their volunteer base " "is deeply committed to the cause, and the organization has had better luck " @@ -11561,7 +11593,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8817 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8827 msgid "" "TeachAIDS employs full-time employees, contractors, and volunteers, all in " "different capacities and organizational configurations. They are careful to " @@ -11581,7 +11613,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8836 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8846 msgid "" "Piya’s team was able to produce all of these versions over several years " "with a head count that never exceeded eight full-time employees. The " @@ -11596,7 +11628,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8849 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8859 msgid "" "Like many content creators offering their work for free, they settled on " "advertising as a funding model. But they were extremely careful not to let " @@ -11609,7 +11641,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8860 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8870 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is careful not to seek funding to cover the costs of a specific " "project. Instead, sponsorships are structured as unrestricted donations to " @@ -11621,7 +11653,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8870 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8880 msgid "" "As of 2016, TeachAIDS has dozens of sponsors. “When we go into a new " "country, various companies hear about us and reach out to us,” Piya said. " @@ -11636,7 +11668,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8883 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8893 msgid "" "Importantly, the value to corporate sponsors goes beyond commercial " "considerations. As a nonprofit with a clearly articulated social mission, " @@ -11647,7 +11679,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8892 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8902 msgid "" "The core mission of TeachAIDS—ensuring global access to life-saving education" "—is at the root of everything the organization does. It underpins the work; " @@ -11658,12 +11690,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8912 msgid "Tribe of Noise" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8905 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8915 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise is a for-profit online music platform serving the film, TV, " "video, gaming, and in-store-media industries. Founded in 2008 in the " @@ -11671,24 +11703,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8910 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8920 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8915 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8925 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 26, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8918 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8928 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Hessel van Oorschot, " "cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8936 msgid "" "In the early 2000s, Hessel van Oorschot was an entrepreneur running a " "business where he coached other midsize entrepreneurs how to create an " @@ -11699,7 +11731,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8935 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8945 msgid "" "In 2005, Hessel and Sandra Brandenburg launched a niche video-production " "initiative. Almost immediately, they ran into issues around finding and " @@ -11711,7 +11743,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8945 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8955 msgid "" "They hired two lawyers to investigate further, and while they uncovered five " "or six examples, Hessel found the business models lacking. The lawyers " @@ -11723,7 +11755,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8965 msgid "" "Building a platform posed a real chicken-and-egg problem. The platform had " "to build an online community of music-rights holders and, at the same time, " @@ -11733,7 +11765,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8962 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8972 msgid "" "In July 2008, Tribe of Noise opened its virtual doors with a couple hundred " "musicians willing to use the CC BY-SA license (Attribution-ShareAlike) for a " @@ -11743,12 +11775,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8977 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8987 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8970 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8980 msgid "" "As they were growing the community, Hessel got a phone call from a company " "that made in-store music playlists asking if they had enough music licensed " @@ -11761,7 +11793,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8980 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8990 msgid "" "In most countries, artists, authors, and musicians join a collecting society " "that manages the licensing and helps collect the royalties. Copyright " @@ -11782,7 +11814,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9001 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9011 msgid "" "Instead of building a large sales force, Tribe of Noise partnered with big " "organizations who have lots of clients and can act as a kind of Tribe of " @@ -11797,7 +11829,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9014 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9024 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise doesn’t pay the musicians up front; they get paid when their " "music ends up in Tribe of Noise’s in-store music channels. The musicians’ " @@ -11807,12 +11839,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9030 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9040 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9022 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9032 msgid "" "A few of your songs [licensed with CC BY-SA], for example five in total, are " "selected for a bespoke in-store music channel broadcasting at a large " @@ -11825,7 +11857,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9033 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9043 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise has another model that does not involve Creative Commons. In " "a survey with members, most said they liked the exposure using Creative " @@ -11837,7 +11869,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9044 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9054 msgid "" "Hessel’s legal team took this feedback and created a second model and " "separate area of the platform called Tribe of Noise Pro. Songs uploaded to " @@ -11850,7 +11882,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9055 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9065 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise Pro is primarily geared toward media makers who are looking " "for music. If they buy a license from this catalog, they don’t have to state " @@ -11860,7 +11892,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9063 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9073 msgid "" "Lots of Tribe of Noise musicians upload songs to both Tribe of Noise Pro and " "the community area of Tribe of Noises. There aren’t that many artists who " @@ -11869,7 +11901,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9069 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9079 msgid "" "Hessel sees the two as complementary. Both are needed for the model to work. " "With a whole generation of musicians interested in the sharing economy, the " @@ -11879,7 +11911,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9077 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9087 msgid "" "Every musician who joins Tribe of Noise gets their own home page and free " "unlimited Web space to upload as much of their own music as they like. Tribe " @@ -11892,7 +11924,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9088 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9098 msgid "" "Another way Tribe of Noise creates community and interest is with contests, " "which are organized in partnership with Tribe of Noise clients. The client " @@ -11903,7 +11935,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9108 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise now has twenty-seven thousand members from 192 countries, and " "many are exploring do-it-yourself models for generating revenue. Some came " @@ -11917,7 +11949,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9110 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9120 msgid "" "It’s not uncommon for performance-rights organizations, record labels, or " "music publishers to sign contracts with musicians based on exclusivity. Such " @@ -11935,7 +11967,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9127 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9137 msgid "" "For Hessel the key to Tribe of Noise’s success is trust. The fact that " "Creative Commons licenses work the same way all over the world and have been " @@ -11948,46 +11980,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9139 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9149 msgid "Wikimedia Foundation" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9142 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9152 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is the nonprofit organization that hosts Wikipedia " "and its sister projects. Founded in 2003 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9147 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9157 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9149 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9159 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: donations" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9161 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 18, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9164 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Luis Villa, former Chief " "Officer of Community Engagement, and Stephen LaPorte, legal counsel" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9163 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9173 msgid "Nearly every person with an online presence knows Wikipedia." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9166 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9176 msgid "" "In many ways, it is the preeminent open project: The online encyclopedia is " "created entirely by volunteers. Anyone in the world can edit the articles. " @@ -11997,7 +12029,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9174 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9184 msgid "" "As of December 2016, there were more than forty-two million articles in the " "295 language editions of the online encyclopedia, according to—what else?—" @@ -12005,7 +12037,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9179 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9189 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is a U.S.-based nonprofit organization that owns " "the Wikipedia domain name and hosts the site, along with many other related " @@ -12021,7 +12053,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9193 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9203 msgid "" "As Wikimedia legal counsel Stephen LaPorte told us, “There is a common " "saying that Wikipedia works in practice but not in theory.” While it " @@ -12030,7 +12062,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9210 msgid "" "Because of its extraordinary breadth and scope, it does feel a bit like a " "unicorn. Indeed, there is nothing else like Wikipedia. Still, much of what " @@ -12041,7 +12073,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9209 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9219 msgid "" "The story of Wikipedia has been told many times. For our purposes, it is " "enough to know the experiment started in 2001 at a small scale, inspired by " @@ -12055,7 +12087,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9231 msgid "" "The nature of the content the community creates is ideal for asynchronous " "cocreation. “An encyclopedia is something where incremental community " @@ -12078,7 +12110,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9244 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9254 msgid "" "Some of that is directed at servers and general IT support, but the " "foundation also invests a significant amount on architecture designed to " @@ -12094,7 +12126,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9259 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9269 msgid "" "Wikipedia not only relies on good behavior within its community and on its " "sites, but also by everyone else once the content leaves Wikipedia. All of " @@ -12108,14 +12140,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9283 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9293 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-" "mistakes/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9271 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9281 msgid "" "Of course, the primary reason no one has successfully co-opted Wikipedia is " "that copycat efforts do not have the Wikipedia community to sustain what " @@ -12135,7 +12167,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9289 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9299 msgid "" "But the vast majority of us who use Wikipedia are not contributors; we are " "passive readers. The Wikimedia Foundation survives primarily on individual " @@ -12147,7 +12179,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9309 msgid "" "The foundation has a fund-raising team that works year-round to raise money, " "but the bulk of their revenue comes in during the December campaign in " @@ -12159,7 +12191,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9310 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9320 msgid "" "The vision of the Wikimedia Foundation is a world in which every single " "human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge. They work to " @@ -12171,7 +12203,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9319 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9329 msgid "" "The philosophy behind the endeavor also enables the foundation to be " "financially sustainable. It instills trust in their readership, which is " @@ -12180,7 +12212,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9325 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9335 msgid "" "Any given edit on Wikipedia could be motivated by nearly an infinite number " "of reasons. But the social mission of the project is what binds the global " @@ -12189,7 +12221,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9342 msgid "" "Of course, what results from that movement is one of the Internet’s great " "public resources. “The Internet has a lot of businesses and stores, but it " @@ -12198,12 +12230,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9341 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9351 msgid "Bibliography" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9343 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9353 msgid "" "Alperovitz, Gar. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution; Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -12211,33 +12243,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9349 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9359 msgid "" "Anderson, Chris. Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9354 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9364 msgid "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9357 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9367 msgid "" "Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9361 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9371 msgid "" "Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2nd ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9365 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9375 msgid "" "Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms " "Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. <ulink url=" @@ -12246,7 +12278,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9372 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9382 msgid "" "Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open Economy. " "Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.slideshare.net/" @@ -12254,7 +12286,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9378 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9388 msgid "" "Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper " "commissioned by the Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy " @@ -12263,14 +12295,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9384 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9394 msgid "" "———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the Commons. " "Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9388 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9398 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the " "Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through Commons-" @@ -12282,56 +12314,56 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9398 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9408 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Silke Helfrich, eds. The Wealth of the Commons: A World " "Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9402 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9412 msgid "" "Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9406 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9416 msgid "" "Boyle, James. The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind. New " "Haven: Yale University Press, 2008." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9409 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9419 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.thepublicdomain.org/download/\"/> (licensed under CC " "BY-NC-SA)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9413 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9423 msgid "" "Capra, Fritjof, and Ugo Mattei. The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9418 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9428 msgid "" "Chesbrough, Henry. Open Business Models: How to Thrive in the New Innovation " "Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9422 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9432 msgid "" "———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from " "Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9426 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9436 msgid "" "City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated by LabGov " @@ -12342,7 +12374,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9433 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9443 msgid "" "Cole, Daniel H. “Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the Natural " "Commons for the Knowledge Commons.” Chap. 2 in Frischmann, Madison, and " @@ -12350,21 +12382,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9448 msgid "" "Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9443 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9453 msgid "" "Doctorow, Cory. Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9447 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9457 msgid "" "Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. “The Sharing Economy Isn’t about Sharing " "at All.” Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://hbr." @@ -12372,7 +12404,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9452 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9462 msgid "" "Elliott, Patricia W., and Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). Free Knowledge: " "Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery. Regina, SK: University " @@ -12381,21 +12413,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9459 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9469 msgid "" "Eyal, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products. With Ryan Hoover. " "New York: Portfolio, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9473 msgid "" "Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. “The Economics of Information in a Post-" "Carbon Economy.” Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free Knowledge." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9468 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9478 msgid "" "Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. “Ten Nonprofit " "Funding Models.” Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring 2009. <ulink url=" @@ -12403,21 +12435,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9484 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared Resources. " "New York: Oxford University Press, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9488 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, eds. " "Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9483 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9493 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg. " "“Governing Knowledge Commons.” Chap. 1 in Frischmann, Madison, and " @@ -12425,96 +12457,96 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9488 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9498 msgid "" "Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reprint with " "new epilogue. New York: Portfolio, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9492 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9502 msgid "" "Grant, Adam. Give and Take: Why Helping Others Drives Our Success. New " "York: Viking, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9506 msgid "" "Haiven, Max. Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9500 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9510 msgid "" "Harris, Malcom, ed. Share or Die: Voices of the Get Lost Generation in the " "Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9505 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9515 msgid "" "Hermida, Alfred. Tell Everyone: Why We Share and Why It Matters. Toronto: " "Doubleday Canada, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9509 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9519 msgid "" "Hyde, Lewis. Common as Air: Revolution, Art, and Ownership. New York: " "Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9513 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9523 msgid "" "———. The Gift: Creativity and the Artist in the Modern World. 2nd Vintage " "Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9517 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9527 msgid "" "Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9521 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9531 msgid "" "Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9525 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9535 msgid "Berrett-Koehler, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9528 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9538 msgid "" "Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9532 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9542 msgid "" "———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being Creative. " "New York: Workman, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9536 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9546 msgid "" "Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. New " "York: Morgan James, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9540 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9550 msgid "" "Lee, David. “Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the Internet.” " "BBC News, March 3, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/news/" @@ -12522,28 +12554,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9545 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9555 msgid "" "Lessig, Lawrence. Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid " "Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9549 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9559 msgid "" "Menzies, Heather. Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and " "Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9563 msgid "" "Mason, Paul. Postcapitalism: A Guide to Our Future. New York: Farrar, Straus " "and Giroux, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9567 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, 2011. " @@ -12551,7 +12583,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9563 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9573 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, and Yves Pigneur. Business Model Generation. Hoboken, " "NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010. A preview of the book is available at <ulink " @@ -12559,7 +12591,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9579 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, Yves Pigneur, Greg Bernarda, and Adam Smith. Value " "Proposition Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2014. A preview of the " @@ -12568,14 +12600,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9575 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9585 msgid "" "Palmer, Amanda. The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9589 msgid "" "Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make " "Available Their Highest Quality Material without Restrictions, and What Are " @@ -12585,7 +12617,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9597 msgid "" "Ramos, José Maria, ed. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, " "Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www." @@ -12594,7 +12626,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9593 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9603 msgid "" "Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open " "Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly " @@ -12603,7 +12635,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9599 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9609 msgid "" "Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous " "Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. New York: Crown " @@ -12611,7 +12643,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9604 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9614 msgid "" "Rifkin, Jeremy. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism. New York: Palgrave " @@ -12619,74 +12651,74 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9609 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9619 msgid "" "Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9613 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9623 msgid "" "Rushkoff, Douglas. Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus: How Growth Became the " "Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9627 msgid "" "Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets. New " "York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9631 msgid "" "Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9635 msgid "" "Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy. New York: OR " "Books, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9629 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9639 msgid "" "Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing Economy. " "New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9643 msgid "" "Stepper, John. Working Out Loud: For a Better Career and Life. New York: " "Ikigai Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9637 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9647 msgid "" "Sull, Donald, and Kathleen M. Eisenhardt. Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a " "Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9641 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9651 msgid "" "Sundararajan, Arun. The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise " "of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9645 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9655 msgid "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9649 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9659 msgid "" "Tapscott, Don, and Alex Tapscott. Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology " "Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Toronto: " @@ -12694,21 +12726,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9654 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9664 msgid "" "Tharp, Twyla. The Creative Habit: Learn It and Use It for Life. With Mark " "Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9658 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9668 msgid "" "Tkacz, Nathaniel. Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness. Chicago: " "University of Chicago Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9662 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9672 msgid "" "Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, and Peter Troxler, eds. Open " "Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. Amsterdam: BIS Publishers, " @@ -12718,7 +12750,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9670 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9680 msgid "" "Van den Hoff, Ronald. Mastering the Global Transition on Our Way to Society " "3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. <ulink url=" @@ -12726,7 +12758,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9686 msgid "" "Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. <ulink " "url=\"http://web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm\"/> (licensed under CC BY-" @@ -12734,19 +12766,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9681 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9691 msgid "" "Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance. " "Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9696 msgid "Acknowledgments" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9698 msgid "" "We extend special thanks to Creative Commons CEO Ryan Merkley, the Creative " "Commons Board, and all of our Creative Commons colleagues for " @@ -12756,7 +12788,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9695 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9705 msgid "" "Huge appreciation to all the Made with Creative Commons interviewees for " "sharing their stories with us. You make the commons come alive. Thanks for " @@ -12764,7 +12796,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9700 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9710 msgid "" "We interviewed more than the twenty-four organizations profiled in this " "book. We extend special thanks to Gooru, OERu, Sage Bionetworks, and Medium " @@ -12774,7 +12806,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9708 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9718 msgid "" "This book was made possible by the generous support of 1,687 Kickstarter " "backers listed below. We especially acknowledge our many Kickstarter co-" @@ -12783,7 +12815,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9724 msgid "" "Co-editor Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): Abraham " "Taherivand, Alan Graham, Alfredo Louro, Anatoly Volynets, Aurora Thornton, " @@ -12832,7 +12864,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9765 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9775 msgid "" "All other Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): A. Lee, Aaron " "C. Rathbun, Aaron Stubbs, Aaron Suggs, Abdul Razak Manaf, Abraham "