X-Git-Url: http://pere.pagekite.me/gitweb/homepage.git/blobdiff_plain/feb473cda9dc7b09ddc973f7b10e8ee0d15f60ee..aa4069048e4b39f85304deb4c9abc90695b8441c:/blog/index.rss diff --git a/blog/index.rss b/blog/index.rss index 624313ff46..e42e39614e 100644 --- a/blog/index.rss +++ b/blog/index.rss @@ -6,6 +6,156 @@ http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/ + + Idea for storing trusted timestamps in a Noark 5 archive + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_storing_trusted_timestamps_in_a_Noark_5_archive.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_storing_trusted_timestamps_in_a_Noark_5_archive.html + Wed, 7 Jun 2017 21:40:00 +0200 + <p><em>This is a copy of +<a href="https://lists.nuug.no/pipermail/nikita-noark/2017-June/000297.html">an +email I posted to the nikita-noark mailing list</a>. Please follow up +there if you would like to discuss this topic. The background is that +we are making a free software archive system based on the Norwegian +<a href="https://www.arkivverket.no/forvaltning-og-utvikling/regelverk-og-standarder/noark-standarden">Noark +5 standard</a> for government archives.</em></p> + +<p>I've been wondering a bit lately how trusted timestamps could be +stored in Noark 5. +<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trusted_timestamping">Trusted +timestamps</a> can be used to verify that some information +(document/file/checksum/metadata) have not been changed since a +specific time in the past. This is useful to verify the integrity of +the documents in the archive.</p> + +<p>Then it occured to me, perhaps the trusted timestamps could be +stored as dokument variants (ie dokumentobjekt referered to from +dokumentbeskrivelse) with the filename set to the hash it is +stamping?</p> + +<p>Given a "dokumentbeskrivelse" with an associated "dokumentobjekt", +a new dokumentobjekt is associated with "dokumentbeskrivelse" with the +same attributes as the stamped dokumentobjekt except these +attributes:</p> + +<ul> + +<li>format -> "RFC3161" +<li>mimeType -> "application/timestamp-reply" +<li>formatDetaljer -> "&lt;source URL for timestamp service&gt;" +<li>filenavn -> "&lt;sjekksum&gt;.tsr" + +</ul> + +<p>This assume a service following +<a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3161">IETF RFC 3161</a> is +used, which specifiy the given MIME type for replies and the .tsr file +ending for the content of such trusted timestamp. As far as I can +tell from the Noark 5 specifications, it is OK to have several +variants/renderings of a dokument attached to a given +dokumentbeskrivelse objekt. It might be stretching it a bit to make +some of these variants represent crypto-signatures useful for +verifying the document integrity instead of representing the dokument +itself.</p> + +<p>Using the source of the service in formatDetaljer allow several +timestamping services to be used. This is useful to spread the risk +of key compromise over several organisations. It would only be a +problem to trust the timestamps if all of the organisations are +compromised.</p> + +<p>The following oneliner on Linux can be used to generate the tsr +file. $input is the path to the file to checksum, and $sha256 is the +SHA-256 checksum of the file (ie the "<sjekksum>.tsr" value mentioned +above).</p> + +<p><blockquote><pre> +openssl ts -query -data "$inputfile" -cert -sha256 -no_nonce \ + | curl -s -H "Content-Type: application/timestamp-query" \ + --data-binary "@-" http://zeitstempel.dfn.de > $sha256.tsr +</pre></blockquote></p> + +<p>To verify the timestamp, you first need to download the public key +of the trusted timestamp service, for example using this command:</p> + +<p><blockquote><pre> +wget -O ca-cert.txt \ + https://pki.pca.dfn.de/global-services-ca/pub/cacert/chain.txt +</pre></blockquote></p> + +<p>Note, the public key should be stored alongside the timestamps in +the archive to make sure it is also available 100 years from now. It +is probably a good idea to standardise how and were to store such +public keys, to make it easier to find for those trying to verify +documents 100 or 1000 years from now. :)</p> + +<p>The verification itself is a simple openssl command:</p> + +<p><blockquote><pre> +openssl ts -verify -data $inputfile -in $sha256.tsr \ + -CAfile ca-cert.txt -text +</pre></blockquote></p> + +<p>Is there any reason this approach would not work? Is it somehow against +the Noark 5 specification?</p> + + + + + Når nynorskoversettelsen svikter til eksamen... + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/N_r_nynorskoversettelsen_svikter_til_eksamen___.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/N_r_nynorskoversettelsen_svikter_til_eksamen___.html + Sat, 3 Jun 2017 08:20:00 +0200 + <p><a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/norge/Krever-at-elever-ma-fa-annullert-eksamen-etter-rot-med-oppgavetekster-622459b.html">Aftenposten +melder i dag</a> om feil i eksamensoppgavene for eksamen i politikk og +menneskerettigheter, der teksten i bokmåls og nynorskutgaven ikke var +like. Oppgaveteksten er gjengitt i artikkelen, og jeg ble nysgjerring +på om den fri oversetterløsningen +<a href="https://www.apertium.org/">Apertium</a> ville gjort en bedre +jobb enn Utdanningsdirektoratet. Det kan se slik ut.</p> + +<p>Her er bokmålsoppgaven fra eksamenen:</p> + +<blockquote> +<p>Drøft utfordringene knyttet til nasjonalstatenes og andre aktørers +rolle og muligheter til å håndtere internasjonale utfordringer, som +for eksempel flykningekrisen.</p> + +<p>Vedlegge er eksempler på tekster som kan gi relevante perspektiver +på temaet:</p> +<ol> +<li>Flykningeregnskapet 2016, UNHCR og IDMC +<li>«Grenseløst Europa for fall» A-Magasinet, 26. november 2015 +</ol> + +</blockquote> + +<p>Dette oversetter Apertium slik:</p> + +<blockquote> +<p>Drøft utfordringane knytte til nasjonalstatane sine og rolla til +andre aktørar og høve til å handtera internasjonale utfordringar, som +til dømes *flykningekrisen.</p> + +<p>Vedleggja er døme på tekster som kan gje relevante perspektiv på +temaet:</p> + +<ol> +<li>*Flykningeregnskapet 2016, *UNHCR og *IDMC</li> +<li>«*Grenseløst Europa for fall» A-Magasinet, 26. november 2015</li> +</ol> + +</blockquote> + +<p>Ord som ikke ble forstått er markert med stjerne (*), og trenger +ekstra språksjekk. Men ingen ord er forsvunnet, slik det var i +oppgaven elevene fikk presentert på eksamen. Jeg mistenker dog at +"andre aktørers rolle og muligheter til ..." burde vært oversatt til +"rolla til andre aktørar og deira høve til ..." eller noe slikt, men +det er kanskje flisespikking. Det understreker vel bare at det alltid +trengs korrekturlesning etter automatisk oversettelse.</p> + + + Epost inn som arkivformat i Riksarkivarens forskrift? http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Epost_inn_som_arkivformat_i_Riksarkivarens_forskrift_.html @@ -29,7 +179,7 @@ god del Noark 5-relaterte dokumenter, og til min overraskelse oppdaget at standard epost ikke er på listen over godkjente formater som kan arkiveres. Høringen med frist søndag er en glimrende mulighet til å forsøke å gjøre noe med det. Jeg holder på med -<a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/noark5-tester/blob/master/docs/hoering-arkivforskrift.md">egen +<a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/noark5-tester/blob/master/docs/hoering-arkivforskrift.tex">egen høringsuttalelse</a>, og lurer på om andre er interessert i å støtte forslaget om å tillate arkivering av epost som epost i arkivet.</p> @@ -61,6 +211,10 @@ forslag om hvordan dette kan gjøres som vil bli sendt over til arkivverket så snart det er ferdig. De som er interesserte kan <a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/noark5-tester/blob/master/docs/epostlagring.md">følge fremdriften på web</a>.</p> + +<p>Oppdatering 2017-04-28: I dag ble høringuttalelsen jeg skrev + <a href="https://www.nuug.no/news/NUUGs_h_ringuttalelse_til_Riksarkivarens_forskrift.shtml">sendt + inn av foreningen NUUG</a>.</p> @@ -484,114 +638,5 @@ available? Please send me an email if you know of any such tool.</p> - - Ruling ignored our objections to the seizure of popcorn-time.no (#domstolkontroll) - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ruling_ignored_our_objections_to_the_seizure_of_popcorn_time_no___domstolkontroll_.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ruling_ignored_our_objections_to_the_seizure_of_popcorn_time_no___domstolkontroll_.html - Mon, 13 Feb 2017 21:30:00 +0100 - <p>A few days ago, we received the ruling from -<a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_day_in_court_challenging_seizure_of_popcorn_time_no_for__domstolkontroll.html">my -day in court</a>. The case in question is a challenge of the seizure -of the DNS domain popcorn-time.no. The ruling simply did not mention -most of our arguments, and seemed to take everything ØKOKRIM said at -face value, ignoring our demonstration and explanations. But it is -hard to tell for sure, as we still have not seen most of the documents -in the case and thus were unprepared and unable to contradict several -of the claims made in court by the opposition. We are considering an -appeal, but it is partly a question of funding, as it is costing us -quite a bit to pay for our lawyer. If you want to help, please -<a href="http://www.nuug.no/dns-beslag-donasjon.shtml">donate to the -NUUG defense fund</a>.</p> - -<p>The details of the case, as far as we know it, is available in -Norwegian from -<a href="https://www.nuug.no/news/tags/dns-domenebeslag/">the NUUG -blog</a>. This also include -<a href="https://www.nuug.no/news/Avslag_etter_rettslig_h_ring_om_DNS_beslaget___vurderer_veien_videre.shtml">the -ruling itself</a>.</p> - - - - - A day in court challenging seizure of popcorn-time.no for #domstolkontroll - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_day_in_court_challenging_seizure_of_popcorn_time_no_for__domstolkontroll.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_day_in_court_challenging_seizure_of_popcorn_time_no_for__domstolkontroll.html - Fri, 3 Feb 2017 11:10:00 +0100 - <p align="center"><img width="70%" src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2017-02-01-popcorn-time-in-court.jpeg"></p> - -<p>On Wednesday, I spent the entire day in court in Follo Tingrett -representing <a href="https://www.nuug.no/">the member association -NUUG</a>, alongside <a href="https://www.efn.no/">the member -association EFN</a> and <a href="http://www.imc.no">the DNS registrar -IMC</a>, challenging the seizure of the DNS name popcorn-time.no. It -was interesting to sit in a court of law for the first time in my -life. Our team can be seen in the picture above: attorney Ola -Tellesbø, EFN board member Tom Fredrik Blenning, IMC CEO Morten Emil -Eriksen and NUUG board member Petter Reinholdtsen.</p> - -<p><a href="http://www.domstol.no/no/Enkelt-domstol/follo-tingrett/Nar-gar-rettssaken/Beramming/?cid=AAAA1701301512081262234UJFBVEZZZZZEJBAvtale">The -case at hand</a> is that the Norwegian National Authority for -Investigation and Prosecution of Economic and Environmental Crime (aka -Økokrim) decided on their own, to seize a DNS domain early last -year, without following -<a href="https://www.norid.no/no/regelverk/navnepolitikk/#link12">the -official policy of the Norwegian DNS authority</a> which require a -court decision. The web site in question was a site covering Popcorn -Time. And Popcorn Time is the name of a technology with both legal -and illegal applications. Popcorn Time is a client combining -searching a Bittorrent directory available on the Internet with -downloading/distribute content via Bittorrent and playing the -downloaded content on screen. It can be used illegally if it is used -to distribute content against the will of the right holder, but it can -also be used legally to play a lot of content, for example the -millions of movies -<a href="https://archive.org/details/movies">available from the -Internet Archive</a> or the collection -<a href="http://vodo.net/films/">available from Vodo</a>. We created -<a href="magnet:?xt=urn:btih:86c1802af5a667ca56d3918aecb7d3c0f7173084&dn=PresentasjonFolloTingrett.mov&tr=udp%3A%2F%2Fpublic.popcorn-tracker.org%3A6969%2Fannounce">a -video demonstrating legally use of Popcorn Time</a> and played it in -Court. It can of course be downloaded using Bittorrent.</p> - -<p>I did not quite know what to expect from a day in court. The -government held on to their version of the story and we held on to -ours, and I hope the judge is able to make sense of it all. We will -know in two weeks time. Unfortunately I do not have high hopes, as -the Government have the upper hand here with more knowledge about the -case, better training in handling criminal law and in general higher -standing in the courts than fairly unknown DNS registrar and member -associations. It is expensive to be right also in Norway. So far the -case have cost more than NOK 70 000,-. To help fund the case, NUUG -and EFN have asked for donations, and managed to collect around NOK 25 -000,- so far. Given the presentation from the Government, I expect -the government to appeal if the case go our way. And if the case do -not go our way, I hope we have enough funding to appeal.</p> - -<p>From the other side came two people from Økokrim. On the benches, -appearing to be part of the group from the government were two people -from the Simonsen Vogt Wiik lawyer office, and three others I am not -quite sure who was. Økokrim had proposed to present two witnesses -from The Motion Picture Association, but this was rejected because -they did not speak Norwegian and it was a bit late to bring in a -translator, but perhaps the two from MPA were present anyway. All -seven appeared to know each other. Good to see the case is take -seriously.</p> - -<p>If you, like me, believe the courts should be involved before a DNS -domain is hijacked by the government, or you believe the Popcorn Time -technology have a lot of useful and legal applications, I suggest you -too <a href="http://www.nuug.no/dns-beslag-donasjon.shtml">donate to -the NUUG defense fund</a>. Both Bitcoin and bank transfer are -available. If NUUG get more than we need for the legal action (very -unlikely), the rest will be spend promoting free software, open -standards and unix-like operating systems in Norway, so no matter what -happens the money will be put to good use.</p> - -<p>If you want to lean more about the case, I recommend you check out -<a href="https://www.nuug.no/news/tags/dns-domenebeslag/">the blog -posts from NUUG covering the case</a>. They cover the legal arguments -on both sides.</p> - - -