X-Git-Url: http://pere.pagekite.me/gitweb/homepage.git/blobdiff_plain/f809ffc8c72c87f838f44fedb71983a633de0eb7..53798080ccfe7c0d9ad356a83ded5b219b186c9b:/blog/index.rss diff --git a/blog/index.rss b/blog/index.rss index 7758cf9ca4..0a657f587a 100644 --- a/blog/index.rss +++ b/blog/index.rss @@ -7,1005 +7,664 @@ - listadmin, the quick way to moderate mailman lists - nice free software - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/listadmin__the_quick_way_to_moderate_mailman_lists___nice_free_software.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/listadmin__the_quick_way_to_moderate_mailman_lists___nice_free_software.html - Wed, 22 Oct 2014 20:00:00 +0200 - <p>If you ever had to moderate a mailman list, like the ones on -alioth.debian.org, you know the web interface is fairly slow to -operate. First you visit one web page, enter the moderation password -and get a new page shown with a list of all the messages to moderate -and various options for each email address. This take a while for -every list you moderate, and you need to do it regularly to do a good -job as a list moderator. But there is a quick alternative, -<a href="http://heim.ifi.uio.no/kjetilho/hacks/#listadmin">the -listadmin program</a>. It allow you to check lists for new messages -to moderate in a fraction of a second. Here is a test run on two -lists I recently took over:</p> + Detecting NFS hangs on Linux without hanging yourself... + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Detecting_NFS_hangs_on_Linux_without_hanging_yourself___.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Detecting_NFS_hangs_on_Linux_without_hanging_yourself___.html + Thu, 9 Mar 2017 15:20:00 +0100 + <p>Over the years, administrating thousand of NFS mounting linux +computers at the time, I often needed a way to detect if the machine +was experiencing NFS hang. If you try to use <tt>df</tt> or look at a +file or directory affected by the hang, the process (and possibly the +shell) will hang too. So you want to be able to detect this without +risking the detection process getting stuck too. It has not been +obvious how to do this. When the hang has lasted a while, it is +possible to find messages like these in dmesg:</p> -<p><blockquote><pre> -% time listadmin xiph -fetching data for pkg-xiph-commits@lists.alioth.debian.org ... nothing in queue -fetching data for pkg-xiph-maint@lists.alioth.debian.org ... nothing in queue - -real 0m1.709s -user 0m0.232s -sys 0m0.012s -% -</pre></blockquote></p> - -<p>In 1.7 seconds I had checked two mailing lists and confirmed that -there are no message in the moderation queue. Every morning I -currently moderate 68 mailman lists, and it normally take around two -minutes. When I took over the two pkg-xiph lists above a few days -ago, there were 400 emails waiting in the moderator queue. It took me -less than 15 minutes to process them all using the listadmin -program.</p> - -<p>If you install -<a href="https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/listadmin">the listadmin -package</a> from Debian and create a file <tt>~/.listadmin.ini</tt> -with content like this, the moderation task is a breeze:</p> - -<p><blockquote><pre> -username@example.org -spamlevel 23 -default discard -discard_if_reason "Posting restricted to members only. Remove us from your mail list." - -password secret -adminurl https://{domain}/mailman/admindb/{list} -mailman-list@lists.example.com - -password hidden -other-list@otherserver.example.org -</pre></blockquote></p> - -<p>There are other options to set as well. Check the manual page to -learn the details.</p> - -<p>If you are forced to moderate lists on a mailman installation where -the SSL certificate is self signed or not properly signed by a -generally accepted signing authority, you can set a environment -variable when calling listadmin to disable SSL verification:</p> +<p><blockquote> +nfs: server nfsserver not responding, still trying +<br>nfs: server nfsserver OK +</blockquote></p> + +<p>It is hard to know if the hang is still going on, and it is hard to +be sure looking in dmesg is going to work. If there are lots of other +messages in dmesg the lines might have rotated out of site before they +are noticed.</p> + +<p>While reading through the nfs client implementation in linux kernel +code, I came across some statistics that seem to give a way to detect +it. The om_timeouts sunrpc value in the kernel will increase every +time the above log entry is inserted into dmesg. And after digging a +bit further, I discovered that this value show up in +/proc/self/mountstats on Linux.</p> + +<p>The mountstats content seem to be shared between files using the +same file system context, so it is enough to check one of the +mountstats files to get the state of the mount point for the machine. +I assume this will not show lazy umounted NFS points, nor NFS mount +points in a different process context (ie with a different filesystem +view), but that does not worry me.</p> + +<p>The content for a NFS mount point look similar to this:</p> <p><blockquote><pre> -PERL_LWP_SSL_VERIFY_HOSTNAME=0 listadmin +[...] +device /dev/mapper/Debian-var mounted on /var with fstype ext3 +device nfsserver:/mnt/nfsserver/home0 mounted on /mnt/nfsserver/home0 with fstype nfs statvers=1.1 + opts: rw,vers=3,rsize=65536,wsize=65536,namlen=255,acregmin=3,acregmax=60,acdirmin=30,acdirmax=60,soft,nolock,proto=tcp,timeo=600,retrans=2,sec=sys,mountaddr=129.240.3.145,mountvers=3,mountport=4048,mountproto=udp,local_lock=all + age: 7863311 + caps: caps=0x3fe7,wtmult=4096,dtsize=8192,bsize=0,namlen=255 + sec: flavor=1,pseudoflavor=1 + events: 61063112 732346265 1028140 35486205 16220064 8162542 761447191 71714012 37189 3891185 45561809 110486139 4850138 420353 15449177 296502 52736725 13523379 0 52182 9016896 1231 0 0 0 0 0 + bytes: 166253035039 219519120027 0 0 40783504807 185466229638 11677877 45561809 + RPC iostats version: 1.0 p/v: 100003/3 (nfs) + xprt: tcp 925 1 6810 0 0 111505412 111480497 109 2672418560317 0 248 53869103 22481820 + per-op statistics + NULL: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 + GETATTR: 61063106 61063108 0 9621383060 6839064400 453650 77291321 78926132 + SETATTR: 463469 463470 0 92005440 66739536 63787 603235 687943 + LOOKUP: 17021657 17021657 0 3354097764 4013442928 57216 35125459 35566511 + ACCESS: 14281703 14290009 5 2318400592 1713803640 1709282 4865144 7130140 + READLINK: 125 125 0 20472 18620 0 1112 1118 + READ: 4214236 4214237 0 715608524 41328653212 89884 22622768 22806693 + WRITE: 8479010 8494376 22 187695798568 1356087148 178264904 51506907 231671771 + CREATE: 171708 171708 0 38084748 46702272 873 1041833 1050398 + MKDIR: 3680 3680 0 773980 993920 26 23990 24245 + SYMLINK: 903 903 0 233428 245488 6 5865 5917 + MKNOD: 80 80 0 20148 21760 0 299 304 + REMOVE: 429921 429921 0 79796004 61908192 3313 2710416 2741636 + RMDIR: 3367 3367 0 645112 484848 22 5782 6002 + RENAME: 466201 466201 0 130026184 121212260 7075 5935207 5961288 + LINK: 289155 289155 0 72775556 67083960 2199 2565060 2585579 + READDIR: 2933237 2933237 0 516506204 13973833412 10385 3190199 3297917 + READDIRPLUS: 1652839 1652839 0 298640972 6895997744 84735 14307895 14448937 + FSSTAT: 6144 6144 0 1010516 1032192 51 9654 10022 + FSINFO: 2 2 0 232 328 0 1 1 + PATHCONF: 1 1 0 116 140 0 0 0 + COMMIT: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 + +device binfmt_misc mounted on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc with fstype binfmt_misc +[...] </pre></blockquote></p> -<p>If you want to moderate a subset of the lists you take care of, you -can provide an argument to the listadmin script like I do in the -initial screen dump (the xiph argument). Using an argument, only -lists matching the argument string will be processed. This make it -quick to accept messages if you notice the moderation request in your -email.</p> - -<p>Without the listadmin program, I would never be the moderator of 68 -mailing lists, as I simply do not have time to spend on that if the -process was any slower. The listadmin program have saved me hours of -time I could spend elsewhere over the years. It truly is nice free -software.</p> - -<p>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my -activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address -<b><a href="bitcoin:15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b&label=PetterReinholdtsenBlog">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b</a></b>.</p> +<p>The key number to look at is the third number in the per-op list. +It is the number of NFS timeouts experiences per file system +operation. Here 22 write timeouts and 5 access timeouts. If these +numbers are increasing, I believe the machine is experiencing NFS +hang. Unfortunately the timeout value do not start to increase right +away. The NFS operations need to time out first, and this can take a +while. The exact timeout value depend on the setup. For example the +defaults for TCP and UDP mount points are quite different, and the +timeout value is affected by the soft, hard, timeo and retrans NFS +mount options.</p> + +<p>The only way I have been able to get working on Debian and RedHat +Enterprise Linux for getting the timeout count is to peek in /proc/. +But according to +<ahref="http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E19253-01/816-4555/netmonitor-12/index.html">Solaris +10 System Administration Guide: Network Services</a>, the 'nfsstat -c' +command can be used to get these timeout values. But this do not work +on Linux, as far as I can tell. I +<ahref="http://bugs.debian.org/857043">asked Debian about this</a>, +but have not seen any replies yet.</p> + +<p>Is there a better way to figure out if a Linux NFS client is +experiencing NFS hangs? Is there a way to detect which processes are +affected? Is there a way to get the NFS mount going quickly once the +network problem causing the NFS hang has been cleared? I would very +much welcome some clues, as we regularly run into NFS hangs.</p> - Debian Jessie, PXE and automatic firmware installation - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Jessie__PXE_and_automatic_firmware_installation.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Jessie__PXE_and_automatic_firmware_installation.html - Fri, 17 Oct 2014 14:10:00 +0200 - <p>When PXE installing laptops with Debian, I often run into the -problem that the WiFi card require some firmware to work properly. -And it has been a pain to fix this using preseeding in Debian. -Normally something more is needed. But thanks to -<a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/i/isenkram.html">my isenkram -package</a> and its recent tasksel extension, it has now become easy -to do this using simple preseeding.</p> - -<p>The isenkram-cli package provide tasksel tasks which will install -firmware for the hardware found in the machine (actually, requested by -the kernel modules for the hardware). (It can also install user space -programs supporting the hardware detected, but that is not the focus -of this story.)</p> - -<p>To get this working in the default installation, two preeseding -values are needed. First, the isenkram-cli package must be installed -into the target chroot (aka the hard drive) before tasksel is executed -in the pkgsel step of the debian-installer system. This is done by -preseeding the base-installer/includes debconf value to include the -isenkram-cli package. The package name is next passed to debootstrap -for installation. With the isenkram-cli package in place, tasksel -will automatically use the isenkram tasks to detect hardware specific -packages for the machine being installed and install them, because -isenkram-cli contain tasksel tasks.</p> - -<p>Second, one need to enable the non-free APT repository, because -most firmware unfortunately is non-free. This is done by preseeding -the apt-mirror-setup step. This is unfortunate, but for a lot of -hardware it is the only option in Debian.</p> - -<p>The end result is two lines needed in your preseeding file to get -firmware installed automatically by the installer:</p> - -<p><blockquote><pre> -base-installer base-installer/includes string isenkram-cli -apt-mirror-setup apt-setup/non-free boolean true -</pre></blockquote></p> - -<p>The current version of isenkram-cli in testing/jessie will install -both firmware and user space packages when using this method. It also -do not work well, so use version 0.15 or later. Installing both -firmware and user space packages might give you a bit more than you -want, so I decided to split the tasksel task in two, one for firmware -and one for user space programs. The firmware task is enabled by -default, while the one for user space programs is not. This split is -implemented in the package currently in unstable.</p> - -<p>If you decide to give this a go, please let me know (via email) how -this recipe work for you. :)</p> - -<p>So, I bet you are wondering, how can this work. First and -foremost, it work because tasksel is modular, and driven by whatever -files it find in /usr/lib/tasksel/ and /usr/share/tasksel/. So the -isenkram-cli package place two files for tasksel to find. First there -is the task description file (/usr/share/tasksel/descs/isenkram.desc):</p> - -<p><blockquote><pre> -Task: isenkram-packages -Section: hardware -Description: Hardware specific packages (autodetected by isenkram) - Based on the detected hardware various hardware specific packages are - proposed. -Test-new-install: show show -Relevance: 8 -Packages: for-current-hardware - -Task: isenkram-firmware -Section: hardware -Description: Hardware specific firmware packages (autodetected by isenkram) - Based on the detected hardware various hardware specific firmware - packages are proposed. -Test-new-install: mark show -Relevance: 8 -Packages: for-current-hardware-firmware -</pre></blockquote></p> - -<p>The key parts are Test-new-install which indicate how the task -should be handled and the Packages line referencing to a script in -/usr/lib/tasksel/packages/. The scripts use other scripts to get a -list of packages to install. The for-current-hardware-firmware script -look like this to list relevant firmware for the machine: - -<p><blockquote><pre> -#!/bin/sh -# -PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH -export PATH -isenkram-autoinstall-firmware -l -</pre></blockquote></p> - -<p>With those two pieces in place, the firmware is installed by -tasksel during the normal d-i run. :)</p> - -<p>If you want to test what tasksel will install when isenkram-cli is -installed, run <tt>DEBIAN_PRIORITY=critical tasksel --test ---new-install</tt> to get the list of packages that tasksel would -install.</p> - -<p><a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/">Debian Edu</a> will be -pilots in testing this feature, as isenkram is used there now to -install firmware, replacing the earlier scripts.</p> + How does it feel to be wiretapped, when you should be doing the wiretapping... + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_does_it_feel_to_be_wiretapped__when_you_should_be_doing_the_wiretapping___.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_does_it_feel_to_be_wiretapped__when_you_should_be_doing_the_wiretapping___.html + Wed, 8 Mar 2017 11:50:00 +0100 + <p>So the new president in the United States of America claim to be +surprised to discover that he was wiretapped during the election +before he was elected president. He even claim this must be illegal. +Well, doh, if it is one thing the confirmations from Snowden +documented, it is that the entire population in USA is wiretapped, one +way or another. Of course the president candidates were wiretapped, +alongside the senators, judges and the rest of the people in USA.</p> + +<p>Next, the Federal Bureau of Investigation ask the Department of +Justice to go public rejecting the claims that Donald Trump was +wiretapped illegally. I fail to see the relevance, given that I am +sure the surveillance industry in USA believe they have all the legal +backing they need to conduct mass surveillance on the entire +world.</p> + +<p>There is even the director of the FBI stating that he never saw an +order requesting wiretapping of Donald Trump. That is not very +surprising, given how the FISA court work, with all its activity being +secret. Perhaps he only heard about it?</p> + +<p>What I find most sad in this story is how Norwegian journalists +present it. In a news reports the other day in the radio from the +Norwegian National broadcasting Company (NRK), I heard the journalist +claim that 'the FBI denies any wiretapping', while the reality is that +'the FBI denies any illegal wiretapping'. There is a fundamental and +important difference, and it make me sad that the journalists are +unable to grasp it.</p> + +<p><strong>Update 2017-03-13:</strong> Look like +<a href="https://theintercept.com/2017/03/13/rand-paul-is-right-nsa-routinely-monitors-americans-communications-without-warrants/">The +Intercept report that US Senator Rand Paul confirm what I state above</a>.</p> - Ubuntu used to show the bread prizes at ICA Storo - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ubuntu_used_to_show_the_bread_prizes_at_ICA_Storo.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ubuntu_used_to_show_the_bread_prizes_at_ICA_Storo.html - Sat, 4 Oct 2014 15:20:00 +0200 - <p>Today I came across an unexpected Ubuntu boot screen. Above the -bread shelf on the ICA shop at Storo in Oslo, the grub menu of Ubuntu -with Linux kernel 3.2.0-23 (ie probably version 12.04 LTS) was stuck -on a screen normally showing the bread types and prizes:</p> - -<p align="center"><img width="70%" src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2014-10-04-ubuntu-ica-storo-crop.jpeg"></p> - -<p>If it had booted as it was supposed to, I would never had known -about this hidden Linux installation. It is interesting what -<a href="http://revealingerrors.com/">errors can reveal</a>.</p> + Norwegian Bokmål translation of The Debian Administrator's Handbook complete, proofreading in progress + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Norwegian_Bokm_l_translation_of_The_Debian_Administrator_s_Handbook_complete__proofreading_in_progress.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Norwegian_Bokm_l_translation_of_The_Debian_Administrator_s_Handbook_complete__proofreading_in_progress.html + Fri, 3 Mar 2017 14:50:00 +0100 + <p>For almost a year now, we have been working on making a Norwegian +Bokmål edition of <a href="https://debian-handbook.info/">The Debian +Administrator's Handbook</a>. Now, thanks to the tireless effort of +Ole-Erik, Ingrid and Andreas, the initial translation is complete, and +we are working on the proof reading to ensure consistent language and +use of correct computer science terms. The plan is to make the book +available on paper, as well as in electronic form. For that to +happen, the proof reading must be completed and all the figures need +to be translated. If you want to help out, get in touch.</p> + +<p><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/debian-handbook/debian-handbook-nb-NO.pdf">A + +fresh PDF edition</a> in A4 format (the final book will have smaller +pages) of the book created every morning is available for +proofreading. If you find any errors, please +<a href="https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/debian-handbook/">visit +Weblate and correct the error</a>. The +<a href="http://l.github.io/debian-handbook/stat/nb-NO/index.html">state +of the translation including figures</a> is a useful source for those +provide Norwegian bokmål screen shots and figures.</p> - New lsdvd release version 0.17 is ready - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/New_lsdvd_release_version_0_17_is_ready.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/New_lsdvd_release_version_0_17_is_ready.html - Sat, 4 Oct 2014 08:40:00 +0200 - <p>The <a href="https://sourceforge.net/p/lsdvd/">lsdvd project</a> -got a new set of developers a few weeks ago, after the original -developer decided to step down and pass the project to fresh blood. -This project is now maintained by Petter Reinholdtsen and Steve -Dibb.</p> - -<p>I just wrapped up -<a href="https://sourceforge.net/p/lsdvd/mailman/message/32896061/">a -new lsdvd release</a>, available in git or from -<a href="https://sourceforge.net/projects/lsdvd/files/lsdvd/">the -download page</a>. This is the changelog dated 2014-10-03 for version -0.17.</p> - -<ul> + Unlimited randomness with the ChaosKey? + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Unlimited_randomness_with_the_ChaosKey_.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Unlimited_randomness_with_the_ChaosKey_.html + Wed, 1 Mar 2017 20:50:00 +0100 + <p>A few days ago I ordered a small batch of +<a href="http://altusmetrum.org/ChaosKey/">the ChaosKey</a>, a small +USB dongle for generating entropy created by Bdale Garbee and Keith +Packard. Yesterday it arrived, and I am very happy to report that it +work great! According to its designers, to get it to work out of the +box, you need the Linux kernel version 4.1 or later. I tested on a +Debian Stretch machine (kernel version 4.9), and there it worked just +fine, increasing the available entropy very quickly. I wrote a small +test oneliner to test. It first print the current entropy level, +drain /dev/random, and then print the entropy level for five seconds. +Here is the situation without the ChaosKey inserted:</p> - <li>Ignore 'phantom' audio, subtitle tracks</li> - <li>Check for garbage in the program chains, which indicate that a track is - non-existant, to work around additional copy protection</li> - <li>Fix displaying content type for audio tracks, subtitles</li> - <li>Fix pallete display of first entry</li> - <li>Fix include orders</li> - <li>Ignore read errors in titles that would not be displayed anyway</li> - <li>Fix the chapter count</li> - <li>Make sure the array size and the array limit used when initialising - the palette size is the same.</li> - <li>Fix array printing.</li> - <li>Correct subsecond calculations.</li> - <li>Add sector information to the output format.</li> - <li>Clean up code to be closer to ANSI C and compile without warnings - with more GCC compiler warnings.</li> +<blockquote><pre> +% cat /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail; \ + dd bs=1M if=/dev/random of=/dev/null count=1; \ + for n in $(seq 1 5); do \ + cat /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail; \ + sleep 1; \ + done +300 +0+1 oppføringer inn +0+1 oppføringer ut +28 byte kopiert, 0,000264565 s, 106 kB/s +4 +8 +12 +17 +21 +% +</pre></blockquote> -</ul> +<p>The entropy level increases by 3-4 every second. In such case any +application requiring random bits (like a HTTPS enabled web server) +will halt and wait for more entrpy. And here is the situation with +the ChaosKey inserted:</p> -<p>This change bring together patches for lsdvd in use in various -Linux and Unix distributions, as well as patches submitted to the -project the last nine years. Please check it out. :)</p> - - - - - How to test Debian Edu Jessie despite some fatal problems with the installer - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_test_Debian_Edu_Jessie_despite_some_fatal_problems_with_the_installer.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_test_Debian_Edu_Jessie_despite_some_fatal_problems_with_the_installer.html - Fri, 26 Sep 2014 12:20:00 +0200 - <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux -project</a> provide a Linux solution for schools, including a -powerful desktop with education software, a central server providing -web pages, user database, user home directories, central login and PXE -boot of both clients without disk and the installation to install Debian -Edu on machines with disk (and a few other services perhaps to small -to mention here). We in the Debian Edu team are currently working on -the Jessie based version, trying to get everything in shape before the -freeze, to avoid having to maintain our own package repository in the -future. The -<a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie">current -status</a> can be seen on the Debian wiki, and there is still heaps of -work left. Some fatal problems block testing, breaking the installer, -but it is possible to work around these to get anyway. Here is a -recipe on how to get the installation limping along.</p> - -<p>First, download the test ISO via -<a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.no/cd-edu-testing-nolocal-netinst/debian-edu-amd64-i386-NETINST-1.iso">ftp</a>, -<a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.no/cd-edu-testing-nolocal-netinst/debian-edu-amd64-i386-NETINST-1.iso">http</a> -or rsync (use -ftp.skolelinux.org::cd-edu-testing-nolocal-netinst/debian-edu-amd64-i386-NETINST-1.iso). -The ISO build was broken on Tuesday, so we do not get a new ISO every -12 hours or so, but thankfully the ISO we already got we are able to -install with some tweaking.</p> - -<p>When you get to the Debian Edu profile question, go to tty2 -(use Alt-Ctrl-F2), run</p> +<blockquote><pre> +% cat /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail; \ + dd bs=1M if=/dev/random of=/dev/null count=1; \ + for n in $(seq 1 5); do \ + cat /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail; \ + sleep 1; \ + done +1079 +0+1 oppføringer inn +0+1 oppføringer ut +104 byte kopiert, 0,000487647 s, 213 kB/s +433 +1028 +1031 +1035 +1038 +% +</pre></blockquote> -<p><blockquote><pre> -nano /usr/bin/edu-eatmydata-install -</pre></blockquote></p> +<p>Quite the difference. :) I bought a few more than I need, in case +someone want to buy one here in Norway. :)</p> -<p>and add 'exit 0' as the second line, disabling the eatmydata -optimization. Return to the installation, select the profile you want -and continue. Without this change, exim4-config will fail to install -due to a known bug in eatmydata.</p> - -<p>When you get the grub question at the end, answer /dev/sda (or if -this do not work, figure out what your correct value would be. All my -test machines need /dev/sda, so I have no advice if it do not fit -your need.</p> - -<p>If you installed a profile including a graphical desktop, log in as -root after the initial boot from hard drive, and install the -education-desktop-XXX metapackage. XXX can be kde, gnome, lxde, xfce -or mate. If you want several desktop options, install more than one -metapackage. Once this is done, reboot and you should have a working -graphical login screen. This workaround should no longer be needed -once the education-tasks package version 1.801 enter testing in two -days.</p> - -<p>I believe the ISO build will start working on two days when the new -tasksel package enter testing and Steve McIntyre get a chance to -update the debian-cd git repository. The eatmydata, grub and desktop -issues are already fixed in unstable and testing, and should show up -on the ISO as soon as the ISO build start working again. Well the -eatmydata optimization is really just disabled. The proper fix -require an upload by the eatmydata maintainer applying the patch -provided in bug <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/702711">#702711</a>. -The rest have proper fixes in unstable.</p> - -<p>I hope this get you going with the installation testing, as we are -quickly running out of time trying to get our Jessie based -installation ready before the distribution freeze in a month.</p> +<p>Update: The dongle was presented at Debconf last year. You might +find <a href="https://debconf16.debconf.org/talks/94/">the talk +recording illuminating</a>. It explains exactly what the source of +randomness is, if you are unable to spot it from the schema drawing +available from the ChaosKey web site linked at the start of this blog +post.</p> - Suddenly I am the new upstream of the lsdvd command line tool - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Suddenly_I_am_the_new_upstream_of_the_lsdvd_command_line_tool.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Suddenly_I_am_the_new_upstream_of_the_lsdvd_command_line_tool.html - Thu, 25 Sep 2014 11:20:00 +0200 - <p>I use the <a href="https://sourceforge.net/p/lsdvd/">lsdvd tool</a> -to handle my fairly large DVD collection. It is a nice command line -tool to get details about a DVD, like title, tracks, track length, -etc, in XML, Perl or human readable format. But lsdvd have not seen -any new development since 2006 and had a few irritating bugs affecting -its use with some DVDs. Upstream seemed to be dead, and in January I -sent a small probe asking for a version control repository for the -project, without any reply. But I use it regularly and would like to -get <a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/lsdvd">an updated version -into Debian</a>. So two weeks ago I tried harder to get in touch with -the project admin, and after getting a reply from him explaining that -he was no longer interested in the project, I asked if I could take -over. And yesterday, I became project admin.</p> - -<p>I've been in touch with a Gentoo developer and the Debian -maintainer interested in joining forces to maintain the upstream -project, and I hope we can get a new release out fairly quickly, -collecting the patches spread around on the internet into on place. -I've added the relevant Debian patches to the freshly created git -repository, and expect the Gentoo patches to make it too. If you got -a DVD collection and care about command line tools, check out -<a href="https://sourceforge.net/p/lsdvd/git/ci/master/tree/">the git source</a> and join -<a href="https://sourceforge.net/p/lsdvd/mailman/">the project mailing -list</a>. :)</p> + Detect OOXML files with undefined behaviour? + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Detect_OOXML_files_with_undefined_behaviour_.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Detect_OOXML_files_with_undefined_behaviour_.html + Tue, 21 Feb 2017 00:20:00 +0100 + <p>I just noticed +<a href="http://www.arkivrad.no/aktuelt/riksarkivarens-forskrift-pa-horing">the +new Norwegian proposal for archiving rules in the goverment</a> list +<a href="http://www.ecma-international.org/publications/standards/Ecma-376.htm">ECMA-376</a> +/ ISO/IEC 29500 (aka OOXML) as valid formats to put in long term +storage. Luckily such files will only be accepted based on +pre-approval from the National Archive. Allowing OOXML files to be +used for long term storage might seem like a good idea as long as we +forget that there are plenty of ways for a "valid" OOXML document to +have content with no defined interpretation in the standard, which +lead to a question and an idea.</p> + +<p>Is there any tool to detect if a OOXML document depend on such +undefined behaviour? It would be useful for the National Archive (and +anyone else interested in verifying that a document is well defined) +to have such tool available when considering to approve the use of +OOXML. I'm aware of the +<a href="https://github.com/arlm/officeotron/">officeotron OOXML +validator</a>, but do not know how complete it is nor if it will +report use of undefined behaviour. Are there other similar tools +available? Please send me an email if you know of any such tool.</p> - Hva henger under skibrua over E16 på Sollihøgda? - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hva_henger_under_skibrua_over_E16_p__Sollih_gda_.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hva_henger_under_skibrua_over_E16_p__Sollih_gda_.html - Sun, 21 Sep 2014 09:50:00 +0200 - <p>Rundt omkring i Oslo og Østlandsområdet henger det bokser over -veiene som jeg har lurt på hva gjør. De har ut fra plassering og -vinkling sett ut som bokser som sniffer ut et eller annet fra -forbipasserende trafikk, men det har vært uklart for meg hva det er de -leser av. Her om dagen tok jeg bilde av en slik boks som henger under -<a href="http://www.openstreetmap.no/?zoom=19&mlat=59.96396&mlon=10.34443&layers=B00000">ei -skibru på Sollihøgda</a>:</p> - -<p align="center"><img width="60%" src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2014-09-13-kapsch-sollihogda-crop.jpeg"></p> - -<p>Boksen er tydelig merket «Kapsch >>>», logoen til -<a href="http://www.kapsch.net/">det sveitsiske selskapet Kapsch</a> som -blant annet lager sensorsystemer for veitrafikk. Men de lager mye -forskjellig, og jeg kjente ikke igjen boksen på utseendet etter en -kjapp titt på produktlista til selskapet.</p> - -<p>I og med at boksen henger over veien E16, en riksvei vedlikeholdt -av Statens Vegvesen, så antok jeg at det burde være mulig å bruke -REST-API-et som gir tilgang til vegvesenets database over veier, -skilter og annet veirelatert til å finne ut hva i alle dager dette -kunne være. De har både -<a href="https://www.vegvesen.no/nvdb/api/dokumentasjon/datakatalog">en -datakatalog</a> og -<a href="https://www.vegvesen.no/nvdb/api/dokumentasjon/sok">et -søk</a>, der en kan søke etter ulike typer oppføringer innen for et -gitt geografisk område. Jeg laget et enkelt shell-script for å hente -ut antall av en gitt type innenfor området skibrua dekker, og listet -opp navnet på typene som ble funnet. Orket ikke slå opp hvordan -URL-koding av aktuelle strenger kunne gjøres mer generisk, og brukte -en stygg sed-linje i stedet.</p> - -<blockquote><pre> -#!/bin/sh -urlmap() { - sed \ - -e 's/ / /g' -e 's/{/%7B/g' \ - -e 's/}/%7D/g' -e 's/\[/%5B/g' \ - -e 's/\]/%5D/g' -e 's/ /%20/g' \ - -e 's/,/%2C/g' -e 's/\"/%22/g' \ - -e 's/:/%3A/g' -} - -lookup() { - url="$1" - curl -s -H 'Accept: application/vnd.vegvesen.nvdb-v1+xml' \ - "https://www.vegvesen.no/nvdb/api$url" | xmllint --format - -} - -for id in $(seq 1 874) ; do - search="{ - lokasjon: { - bbox: \"10.34425,59.96386,10.34458,59.96409\", - srid: \"WGS84\" - }, - objektTyper: [{ - id: $id, antall: 10 - }] -}" - - query=/sok?kriterie=$(echo $search | urlmap) - if lookup "$query" | - grep -q '&lt;totaltAntallReturnert>0&lt;' - then - : - else - echo $id - lookup "/datakatalog/objekttyper/$id" |grep '^ &lt;navn>' - fi -done - -exit 0 -</pre></blockquote> - -Aktuelt ID-område 1-874 var riktig i datakatalogen da jeg laget -scriptet. Det vil endre seg over tid. Skriptet listet så opp -aktuelle typer i og rundt skibrua: - -<blockquote><pre> -5 - &lt;navn>Rekkverk&lt;/navn> -14 - &lt;navn>Rekkverksende&lt;/navn> -47 - &lt;navn>Trafikklomme&lt;/navn> -49 - &lt;navn>Trafikkøy&lt;/navn> -60 - &lt;navn>Bru&lt;/navn> -79 - &lt;navn>Stikkrenne/Kulvert&lt;/navn> -80 - &lt;navn>Grøft, åpen&lt;/navn> -86 - &lt;navn>Belysningsstrekning&lt;/navn> -95 - &lt;navn>Skiltpunkt&lt;/navn> -96 - &lt;navn>Skiltplate&lt;/navn> -98 - &lt;navn>Referansestolpe&lt;/navn> -99 - &lt;navn>Vegoppmerking, langsgående&lt;/navn> -105 - &lt;navn>Fartsgrense&lt;/navn> -106 - &lt;navn>Vinterdriftsstrategi&lt;/navn> -172 - &lt;navn>Trafikkdeler&lt;/navn> -241 - &lt;navn>Vegdekke&lt;/navn> -293 - &lt;navn>Breddemåling&lt;/navn> -301 - &lt;navn>Kantklippareal&lt;/navn> -318 - &lt;navn>Snø-/isrydding&lt;/navn> -445 - &lt;navn>Skred&lt;/navn> -446 - &lt;navn>Dokumentasjon&lt;/navn> -452 - &lt;navn>Undergang&lt;/navn> -528 - &lt;navn>Tverrprofil&lt;/navn> -532 - &lt;navn>Vegreferanse&lt;/navn> -534 - &lt;navn>Region&lt;/navn> -535 - &lt;navn>Fylke&lt;/navn> -536 - &lt;navn>Kommune&lt;/navn> -538 - &lt;navn>Gate&lt;/navn> -539 - &lt;navn>Transportlenke&lt;/navn> -540 - &lt;navn>Trafikkmengde&lt;/navn> -570 - &lt;navn>Trafikkulykke&lt;/navn> -571 - &lt;navn>Ulykkesinvolvert enhet&lt;/navn> -572 - &lt;navn>Ulykkesinvolvert person&lt;/navn> -579 - &lt;navn>Politidistrikt&lt;/navn> -583 - &lt;navn>Vegbredde&lt;/navn> -591 - &lt;navn>Høydebegrensning&lt;/navn> -592 - &lt;navn>Nedbøyningsmåling&lt;/navn> -597 - &lt;navn>Støy-luft, Strekningsdata&lt;/navn> -601 - &lt;navn>Oppgravingsdata&lt;/navn> -602 - &lt;navn>Oppgravingslag&lt;/navn> -603 - &lt;navn>PMS-parsell&lt;/navn> -604 - &lt;navn>Vegnormalstrekning&lt;/navn> -605 - &lt;navn>Værrelatert strekning&lt;/navn> -616 - &lt;navn>Feltstrekning&lt;/navn> -617 - &lt;navn>Adressepunkt&lt;/navn> -626 - &lt;navn>Friksjonsmåleserie&lt;/navn> -629 - &lt;navn>Vegdekke, flatelapping&lt;/navn> -639 - &lt;navn>Kurvatur, horisontalelement&lt;/navn> -640 - &lt;navn>Kurvatur, vertikalelement&lt;/navn> -642 - &lt;navn>Kurvatur, vertikalpunkt&lt;/navn> -643 - &lt;navn>Statistikk, trafikkmengde&lt;/navn> -647 - &lt;navn>Statistikk, vegbredde&lt;/navn> -774 - &lt;navn>Nedbøyningsmåleserie&lt;/navn> -775 - &lt;navn>ATK, influensstrekning&lt;/navn> -794 - &lt;navn>Systemobjekt&lt;/navn> -810 - &lt;navn>Vinterdriftsklasse&lt;/navn> -821 - &lt;navn>Funksjonell vegklasse&lt;/navn> -825 - &lt;navn>Kurvatur, stigning&lt;/navn> -838 - &lt;navn>Vegbredde, beregnet&lt;/navn> -862 - &lt;navn>Reisetidsregistreringspunkt&lt;/navn> -871 - &lt;navn>Bruksklasse&lt;/navn> -</pre></blockquote> - -<p>Av disse ser ID 775 og 862 mest relevant ut. ID 775 antar jeg -refererer til fotoboksen som står like ved brua, mens -«Reisetidsregistreringspunkt» kanskje kan være boksen som henger der. -Hvordan finner jeg så ut hva dette kan være for noe. En titt på -<a href="http://labs.vegdata.no/nvdb-datakatalog/862-Reisetidsregistreringspunkt/">datakatalogsiden -for ID 862/Reisetidsregistreringspunkt</a> viser at det er finnes 53 -slike målere i Norge, og hvor de er plassert, men gir ellers få -detaljer. Det er plassert 40 på østlandet og 13 i Trondheimsregionen. -Men siden nevner «AutoPASS», og hvis en slår opp oppføringen på -Sollihøgda nevner den «Ciber AS» som ID for eksternt system. (Kan det -være snakk om -<a href="http://www.proff.no/selskap/ciber-norge-as/oslo/internettdesign-og-programmering/Z0I3KMF4/">Ciber -Norge AS</a>, et selskap eid av Ciber Europe Bv?) Et nettsøk på - «Ciber AS autopass» fører meg til en artikkel fra NRK Trøndelag i - 2013 med tittel -«<a href="http://www.nrk.no/trondelag/sjekk-dette-hvis-du-vil-unnga-ko-1.11327947">Sjekk -dette hvis du vil unngå kø</a>». Artikkelen henviser til vegvesenets -nettside -<a href="http://www.reisetider.no/reisetid/forside.html">reisetider.no</a> -som har en -<a href="http://www.reisetider.no/reisetid/omrade.html?omrade=5">kartside -for Østlandet</a> som viser at det måles mellom Sandvika og Sollihøgda. -Det kan dermed se ut til at jeg har funnet ut hva boksene gjør.</p> - -<p>Hvis det stemmer, så er dette bokser som leser av AutoPASS-ID-en -til alle passerende biler med AutoPASS-brikke, og dermed gjør det mulig -for de som kontrollerer boksene å holde rede på hvor en gitt bil er -når den passerte et slikt målepunkt. NRK-artikkelen forteller at -denne informasjonen i dag kun brukes til å koble to -AutoPASS-brikkepasseringer passeringer sammen for å beregne -reisetiden, og at bruken er godkjent av Datatilsynet. Det er desverre -ikke mulig for en sjåfør som passerer under en slik boks å kontrollere -at AutoPASS-ID-en kun brukes til dette i dag og i fremtiden.</p> - -<p>I tillegg til denne type AutoPASS-sniffere vet jeg at det også -finnes mange automatiske stasjoner som tar betalt pr. passering (aka -bomstasjoner), og der lagres informasjon om tid, sted og bilnummer i -10 år. Finnes det andre slike sniffere plassert ut på veiene?</p> - -<p>Personlig har jeg valgt å ikke bruke AutoPASS-brikke, for å gjøre -det vanskeligere og mer kostbart for de som vil invadere privatsfæren -og holde rede på hvor bilen min beveger seg til enhver tid. Jeg håper -flere vil gjøre det samme, selv om det gir litt høyere private -utgifter (dyrere bompassering). Vern om privatsfæren koster i disse -dager.</p> - -<p>Takk til Jan Kristian Jensen i Statens Vegvesen for tips om -dokumentasjon på vegvesenets REST-API.</p> + Ruling ignored our objections to the seizure of popcorn-time.no (#domstolkontroll) + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ruling_ignored_our_objections_to_the_seizure_of_popcorn_time_no___domstolkontroll_.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ruling_ignored_our_objections_to_the_seizure_of_popcorn_time_no___domstolkontroll_.html + Mon, 13 Feb 2017 21:30:00 +0100 + <p>A few days ago, we received the ruling from +<a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_day_in_court_challenging_seizure_of_popcorn_time_no_for__domstolkontroll.html">my +day in court</a>. The case in question is a challenge of the seizure +of the DNS domain popcorn-time.no. The ruling simply did not mention +most of our arguments, and seemed to take everything ØKOKRIM said at +face value, ignoring our demonstration and explanations. But it is +hard to tell for sure, as we still have not seen most of the documents +in the case and thus were unprepared and unable to contradict several +of the claims made in court by the opposition. We are considering an +appeal, but it is partly a question of funding, as it is costing us +quite a bit to pay for our lawyer. If you want to help, please +<a href="http://www.nuug.no/dns-beslag-donasjon.shtml">donate to the +NUUG defense fund</a>.</p> + +<p>The details of the case, as far as we know it, is available in +Norwegian from +<a href="https://www.nuug.no/news/tags/dns-domenebeslag/">the NUUG +blog</a>. This also include +<a href="https://www.nuug.no/news/Avslag_etter_rettslig_h_ring_om_DNS_beslaget___vurderer_veien_videre.shtml">the +ruling itself</a>.</p> - Speeding up the Debian installer using eatmydata and dpkg-divert - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Speeding_up_the_Debian_installer_using_eatmydata_and_dpkg_divert.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Speeding_up_the_Debian_installer_using_eatmydata_and_dpkg_divert.html - Tue, 16 Sep 2014 14:00:00 +0200 - <p>The <a href="https://www.debian.org/">Debian</a> installer could be -a lot quicker. When we install more than 2000 packages in -<a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a> using -tasksel in the installer, unpacking the binary packages take forever. -A part of the slow I/O issue was discussed in -<a href="https://bugs.debian.org/613428">bug #613428</a> about too -much file system sync-ing done by dpkg, which is the package -responsible for unpacking the binary packages. Other parts (like code -executed by postinst scripts) might also sync to disk during -installation. All this sync-ing to disk do not really make sense to -me. If the machine crash half-way through, I start over, I do not try -to salvage the half installed system. So the failure sync-ing is -supposed to protect against, hardware or system crash, is not really -relevant while the installer is running.</p> - -<p>A few days ago, I thought of a way to get rid of all the file -system sync()-ing in a fairly non-intrusive way, without the need to -change the code in several packages. The idea is not new, but I have -not heard anyone propose the approach using dpkg-divert before. It -depend on the small and clever package -<a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/eatmydata">eatmydata</a>, which -uses LD_PRELOAD to replace the system functions for syncing data to -disk with functions doing nothing, thus allowing programs to live -dangerous while speeding up disk I/O significantly. Instead of -modifying the implementation of dpkg, apt and tasksel (which are the -packages responsible for selecting, fetching and installing packages), -it occurred to me that we could just divert the programs away, replace -them with a simple shell wrapper calling -"eatmydata&nbsp;$program&nbsp;$@", to get the same effect. -Two days ago I decided to test the idea, and wrapped up a simple -implementation for the Debian Edu udeb.</p> - -<p>The effect was stunning. In my first test it reduced the running -time of the pkgsel step (installing tasks) from 64 to less than 44 -minutes (20 minutes shaved off the installation) on an old Dell -Latitude D505 machine. I am not quite sure what the optimised time -would have been, as I messed up the testing a bit, causing the debconf -priority to get low enough for two questions to pop up during -installation. As soon as I saw the questions I moved the installation -along, but do not know how long the question were holding up the -installation. I did some more measurements using Debian Edu Jessie, -and got these results. The time measured is the time stamp in -/var/log/syslog between the "pkgsel: starting tasksel" and the -"pkgsel: finishing up" lines, if you want to do the same measurement -yourself. In Debian Edu, the tasksel dialog do not show up, and the -timing thus do not depend on how quickly the user handle the tasksel -dialog.</p> - -<p><table> - -<tr> -<th>Machine/setup</th> -<th>Original tasksel</th> -<th>Optimised tasksel</th> -<th>Reduction</th> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>Latitude D505 Main+LTSP LXDE</td> -<td>64 min (07:46-08:50)</td> -<td><44 min (11:27-12:11)</td> -<td>>20 min 18%</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>Latitude D505 Roaming LXDE</td> -<td>57 min (08:48-09:45)</td> -<td>34 min (07:43-08:17)</td> -<td>23 min 40%</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>Latitude D505 Minimal</td> -<td>22 min (10:37-10:59)</td> -<td>11 min (11:16-11:27)</td> -<td>11 min 50%</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>Thinkpad X200 Minimal</td> -<td>6 min (08:19-08:25)</td> -<td>4 min (08:04-08:08)</td> -<td>2 min 33%</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>Thinkpad X200 Roaming KDE</td> -<td>19 min (09:21-09:40)</td> -<td>15 min (10:25-10:40)</td> -<td>4 min 21%</td> -</tr> - -</table></p> - -<p>The test is done using a netinst ISO on a USB stick, so some of the -time is spent downloading packages. The connection to the Internet -was 100Mbit/s during testing, so downloading should not be a -significant factor in the measurement. Download typically took a few -seconds to a few minutes, depending on the amount of packages being -installed.</p> - -<p>The speedup is implemented by using two hooks in -<a href="https://www.debian.org/devel/debian-installer/">Debian -Installer</a>, the pre-pkgsel.d hook to set up the diverts, and the -finish-install.d hook to remove the divert at the end of the -installation. I picked the pre-pkgsel.d hook instead of the -post-base-installer.d hook because I test using an ISO without the -eatmydata package included, and the post-base-installer.d hook in -Debian Edu can only operate on packages included in the ISO. The -negative effect of this is that I am unable to activate this -optimization for the kernel installation step in d-i. If the code is -moved to the post-base-installer.d hook, the speedup would be larger -for the entire installation.</p> - -<p>I've implemented this in the -<a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/debian-edu-install">debian-edu-install</a> -git repository, and plan to provide the optimization as part of the -Debian Edu installation. If you want to test this yourself, you can -create two files in the installer (or in an udeb). One shell script -need do go into /usr/lib/pre-pkgsel.d/, with content like this:</p> - -<p><blockquote><pre> -#!/bin/sh -set -e -. /usr/share/debconf/confmodule -info() { - logger -t my-pkgsel "info: $*" -} -error() { - logger -t my-pkgsel "error: $*" -} -override_install() { - apt-install eatmydata || true - if [ -x /target/usr/bin/eatmydata ] ; then - for bin in dpkg apt-get aptitude tasksel ; do - file=/usr/bin/$bin - # Test that the file exist and have not been diverted already. - if [ -f /target$file ] ; then - info "diverting $file using eatmydata" - printf "#!/bin/sh\neatmydata $bin.distrib \"\$@\"\n" \ - > /target$file.edu - chmod 755 /target$file.edu - in-target dpkg-divert --package debian-edu-config \ - --rename --quiet --add $file - ln -sf ./$bin.edu /target$file - else - error "unable to divert $file, as it is missing." - fi - done - else - error "unable to find /usr/bin/eatmydata after installing the eatmydata pacage" - fi -} - -override_install -</pre></blockquote></p> - -<p>To clean up, another shell script should go into -/usr/lib/finish-install.d/ with code like this: - -<p><blockquote><pre> -#! /bin/sh -e -. /usr/share/debconf/confmodule -error() { - logger -t my-finish-install "error: $@" -} -remove_install_override() { - for bin in dpkg apt-get aptitude tasksel ; do - file=/usr/bin/$bin - if [ -x /target$file.edu ] ; then - rm /target$file - in-target dpkg-divert --package debian-edu-config \ - --rename --quiet --remove $file - rm /target$file.edu - else - error "Missing divert for $file." - fi - done - sync # Flush file buffers before continuing -} - -remove_install_override -</pre></blockquote></p> - -<p>In Debian Edu, I placed both code fragments in a separate script -edu-eatmydata-install and call it from the pre-pkgsel.d and -finish-install.d scripts.</p> - -<p>By now you might ask if this change should get into the normal -Debian installer too? I suspect it should, but am not sure the -current debian-installer coordinators find it useful enough. It also -depend on the side effects of the change. I'm not aware of any, but I -guess we will see if the change is safe after some more testing. -Perhaps there is some package in Debian depending on sync() and -fsync() having effect? Perhaps it should go into its own udeb, to -allow those of us wanting to enable it to do so without affecting -everyone.</p> - -<p>Update 2014-09-24: Since a few days ago, enabling this optimization -will break installation of all programs using gnutls because of -<a href="https://bugs.debian.org/702711">bug #702711</a>. An updated -eatmydata package in Debian will solve it.</p> - -<p>Update 2014-10-17: The bug mentioned above is fixed in testing and -the optimization work again. And I have discovered that the -dpkg-divert trick is not really needed and implemented a slightly -simpler approach as part of the debian-edu-install package. See -tools/edu-eatmydata-install in the source package.</p> + A day in court challenging seizure of popcorn-time.no for #domstolkontroll + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_day_in_court_challenging_seizure_of_popcorn_time_no_for__domstolkontroll.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_day_in_court_challenging_seizure_of_popcorn_time_no_for__domstolkontroll.html + Fri, 3 Feb 2017 11:10:00 +0100 + <p align="center"><img width="70%" src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2017-02-01-popcorn-time-in-court.jpeg"></p> + +<p>On Wednesday, I spent the entire day in court in Follo Tingrett +representing <a href="https://www.nuug.no/">the member association +NUUG</a>, alongside <a href="https://www.efn.no/">the member +association EFN</a> and <a href="http://www.imc.no">the DNS registrar +IMC</a>, challenging the seizure of the DNS name popcorn-time.no. It +was interesting to sit in a court of law for the first time in my +life. Our team can be seen in the picture above: attorney Ola +Tellesbø, EFN board member Tom Fredrik Blenning, IMC CEO Morten Emil +Eriksen and NUUG board member Petter Reinholdtsen.</p> + +<p><a href="http://www.domstol.no/no/Enkelt-domstol/follo-tingrett/Nar-gar-rettssaken/Beramming/?cid=AAAA1701301512081262234UJFBVEZZZZZEJBAvtale">The +case at hand</a> is that the Norwegian National Authority for +Investigation and Prosecution of Economic and Environmental Crime (aka +Økokrim) decided on their own, to seize a DNS domain early last +year, without following +<a href="https://www.norid.no/no/regelverk/navnepolitikk/#link12">the +official policy of the Norwegian DNS authority</a> which require a +court decision. The web site in question was a site covering Popcorn +Time. And Popcorn Time is the name of a technology with both legal +and illegal applications. Popcorn Time is a client combining +searching a Bittorrent directory available on the Internet with +downloading/distribute content via Bittorrent and playing the +downloaded content on screen. It can be used illegally if it is used +to distribute content against the will of the right holder, but it can +also be used legally to play a lot of content, for example the +millions of movies +<a href="https://archive.org/details/movies">available from the +Internet Archive</a> or the collection +<a href="http://vodo.net/films/">available from Vodo</a>. We created +<a href="magnet:?xt=urn:btih:86c1802af5a667ca56d3918aecb7d3c0f7173084&dn=PresentasjonFolloTingrett.mov&tr=udp%3A%2F%2Fpublic.popcorn-tracker.org%3A6969%2Fannounce">a +video demonstrating legally use of Popcorn Time</a> and played it in +Court. It can of course be downloaded using Bittorrent.</p> + +<p>I did not quite know what to expect from a day in court. The +government held on to their version of the story and we held on to +ours, and I hope the judge is able to make sense of it all. We will +know in two weeks time. Unfortunately I do not have high hopes, as +the Government have the upper hand here with more knowledge about the +case, better training in handling criminal law and in general higher +standing in the courts than fairly unknown DNS registrar and member +associations. It is expensive to be right also in Norway. So far the +case have cost more than NOK 70 000,-. To help fund the case, NUUG +and EFN have asked for donations, and managed to collect around NOK 25 +000,- so far. Given the presentation from the Government, I expect +the government to appeal if the case go our way. And if the case do +not go our way, I hope we have enough funding to appeal.</p> + +<p>From the other side came two people from Økokrim. On the benches, +appearing to be part of the group from the government were two people +from the Simonsen Vogt Wiik lawyer office, and three others I am not +quite sure who was. Økokrim had proposed to present two witnesses +from The Motion Picture Association, but this was rejected because +they did not speak Norwegian and it was a bit late to bring in a +translator, but perhaps the two from MPA were present anyway. All +seven appeared to know each other. Good to see the case is take +seriously.</p> + +<p>If you, like me, believe the courts should be involved before a DNS +domain is hijacked by the government, or you believe the Popcorn Time +technology have a lot of useful and legal applications, I suggest you +too <a href="http://www.nuug.no/dns-beslag-donasjon.shtml">donate to +the NUUG defense fund</a>. Both Bitcoin and bank transfer are +available. If NUUG get more than we need for the legal action (very +unlikely), the rest will be spend promoting free software, open +standards and unix-like operating systems in Norway, so no matter what +happens the money will be put to good use.</p> + +<p>If you want to lean more about the case, I recommend you check out +<a href="https://www.nuug.no/news/tags/dns-domenebeslag/">the blog +posts from NUUG covering the case</a>. They cover the legal arguments +on both sides.</p> - Good bye subkeys.pgp.net, welcome pool.sks-keyservers.net - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Good_bye_subkeys_pgp_net__welcome_pool_sks_keyservers_net.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Good_bye_subkeys_pgp_net__welcome_pool_sks_keyservers_net.html - Wed, 10 Sep 2014 13:10:00 +0200 - <p>Yesterday, I had the pleasure of attending a talk with the -<a href="http://www.nuug.no/">Norwegian Unix User Group</a> about -<a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20140909-sks-keyservers/">the -OpenPGP keyserver pool sks-keyservers.net</a>, and was very happy to -learn that there is a large set of publicly available key servers to -use when looking for peoples public key. So far I have used -subkeys.pgp.net, and some times wwwkeys.nl.pgp.net when the former -were misbehaving, but those days are ended. The servers I have used -up until yesterday have been slow and some times unavailable. I hope -those problems are gone now.</p> - -<p>Behind the round robin DNS entry of the -<a href="https://sks-keyservers.net/">sks-keyservers.net</a> service -there is a pool of more than 100 keyservers which are checked every -day to ensure they are well connected and up to date. It must be -better than what I have used so far. :)</p> - -<p>Yesterdays speaker told me that the service is the default -keyserver provided by the default configuration in GnuPG, but this do -not seem to be used in Debian. Perhaps it should?</p> - -<p>Anyway, I've updated my ~/.gnupg/options file to now include this -line:</p> - -<p><blockquote><pre> -keyserver pool.sks-keyservers.net -</pre></blockquote></p> - -<p>With GnuPG version 2 one can also locate the keyserver using SRV -entries in DNS. Just for fun, I did just that at work, so now every -user of GnuPG at the University of Oslo should find a OpenGPG -keyserver automatically should their need it:</p> - -<p><blockquote><pre> -% host -t srv _pgpkey-http._tcp.uio.no -_pgpkey-http._tcp.uio.no has SRV record 0 100 11371 pool.sks-keyservers.net. -% -</pre></blockquote></p> - -<p>Now if only -<a href="http://ietfreport.isoc.org/idref/draft-shaw-openpgp-hkp/">the -HKP lookup protocol</a> supported finding signature paths, I would be -very happy. It can look up a given key or search for a user ID, but I -normally do not want that, but to find a trust path from my key to -another key. Given a user ID or key ID, I would like to find (and -download) the keys representing a signature path from my key to the -key in question, to be able to get a trust path between the two keys. -This is as far as I can tell not possible today. Perhaps something -for a future version of the protocol?</p> + Nasjonalbiblioteket avslutter sin ulovlige bruk av Google Skjemaer + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Nasjonalbiblioteket_avslutter_sin_ulovlige_bruk_av_Google_Skjemaer.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Nasjonalbiblioteket_avslutter_sin_ulovlige_bruk_av_Google_Skjemaer.html + Thu, 12 Jan 2017 09:40:00 +0100 + <p>I dag fikk jeg en skikkelig gladmelding. Bakgrunnen er at før jul +arrangerte Nasjonalbiblioteket +<a href="http://www.nb.no/Bibliotekutvikling/Kunnskapsorganisering/Nasjonalt-verksregister/Seminar-om-verksregister">et +seminar om sitt knakende gode tiltak «verksregister»</a>. Eneste +måten å melde seg på dette seminaret var å sende personopplysninger +til Google via Google Skjemaer. Dette syntes jeg var tvilsom praksis, +da det bør være mulig å delta på seminarer arrangert av det offentlige +uten å måtte dele sine interesser, posisjon og andre +personopplysninger med Google. Jeg ba derfor om innsyn via +<a href="https://www.mimesbronn.no/">Mimes brønn</a> i +<a href="https://www.mimesbronn.no/request/personopplysninger_til_google_sk">avtaler +og vurderinger Nasjonalbiblioteket hadde rundt dette</a>. +Personopplysningsloven legger klare rammer for hva som må være på +plass før en kan be tredjeparter, spesielt i utlandet, behandle +personopplysninger på sine vegne, så det burde eksistere grundig +dokumentasjon før noe slikt kan bli lovlig. To jurister hos +Nasjonalbiblioteket mente først dette var helt i orden, og at Googles +standardavtale kunne brukes som databehandlingsavtale. Det syntes jeg +var merkelig, men har ikke hatt kapasitet til å følge opp saken før +for to dager siden.</p> + +<p>Gladnyheten i dag, som kom etter at jeg tipset Nasjonalbiblioteket +om at Datatilsynet underkjente Googles standardavtaler som +databehandleravtaler i 2011, er at Nasjonalbiblioteket har bestemt seg +for å avslutte bruken av Googles Skjemaer/Apps og gå i dialog med DIFI +for å finne bedre måter å håndtere påmeldinger i tråd med +personopplysningsloven. Det er fantastisk å se at av og til hjelper +det å spørre hva i alle dager det offentlige holder på med.</p> - Do you need an agreement with MPEG-LA to publish and broadcast H.264 video in Norway? - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Do_you_need_an_agreement_with_MPEG_LA_to_publish_and_broadcast_H_264_video_in_Norway_.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Do_you_need_an_agreement_with_MPEG_LA_to_publish_and_broadcast_H_264_video_in_Norway_.html - Mon, 25 Aug 2014 22:10:00 +0200 - <p>Two years later, I am still not sure if it is legal here in Norway -to use or publish a video in H.264 or MPEG4 format edited by the -commercially licensed video editors, without limiting the use to -create "personal" or "non-commercial" videos or get a license -agreement with <a href="http://www.mpegla.com">MPEG LA</a>. If one -want to publish and broadcast video in a non-personal or commercial -setting, it might be that those tools can not be used, or that video -format can not be used, without breaking their copyright license. I -am not sure. -<a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Trenger_en_avtale_med_MPEG_LA_for___publisere_og_kringkaste_H_264_video_.html">Back -then</a>, I found that the copyright license terms for Adobe Premiere -and Apple Final Cut Pro both specified that one could not use the -program to produce anything else without a patent license from MPEG -LA. The issue is not limited to those two products, though. Other -much used products like those from Avid and Sorenson Media have terms -of use are similar to those from Adobe and Apple. The complicating -factor making me unsure if those terms have effect in Norway or not is -that the patents in question are not valid in Norway, but copyright -licenses are.</p> - -<p>These are the terms for Avid Artist Suite, according to their -<a href="http://www.avid.com/US/about-avid/legal-notices/legal-enduserlicense2">published -end user</a> -<a href="http://www.avid.com/static/resources/common/documents/corporate/LICENSE.pdf">license -text</a> (converted to lower case text for easier reading):</p> + Bryter NAV sin egen personvernerklæring? + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Bryter_NAV_sin_egen_personvernerkl_ring_.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Bryter_NAV_sin_egen_personvernerkl_ring_.html + Wed, 11 Jan 2017 06:50:00 +0100 + <p>Jeg leste med interesse en nyhetssak hos +<a href="http://www.digi.no/artikler/nav-avslorer-trygdemisbruk-ved-a-spore-ip-adresser/367394">digi.no</a> +og +<a href="https://www.nrk.no/buskerud/trygdesvindlere-avslores-av-utenlandske-ip-adresser-1.13313461">NRK</a> +om at det ikke bare er meg, men at også NAV bedriver geolokalisering +av IP-adresser, og at det gjøres analyse av IP-adressene til de som +sendes inn meldekort for å se om meldekortet sendes inn fra +utenlandske IP-adresser. Politiadvokat i Drammen, Hans Lyder Haare, +er sitert i NRK på at «De to er jo blant annet avslørt av +IP-adresser. At man ser at meldekortet kommer fra utlandet.»</p> + +<p>Jeg synes det er fint at det blir bedre kjent at IP-adresser +knyttes til enkeltpersoner og at innsamlet informasjon brukes til å +stedsbestemme personer også av aktører her i Norge. Jeg ser det som +nok et argument for å bruke +<a href="https://www.torproject.org/">Tor</a> så mye som mulig for å +gjøre gjøre IP-lokalisering vanskeligere, slik at en kan beskytte sin +privatsfære og unngå å dele sin fysiske plassering med +uvedkommede.</p> + +<P>Men det er en ting som bekymrer meg rundt denne nyheten. Jeg ble +tipset (takk #nuug) om +<a href="https://www.nav.no/no/NAV+og+samfunn/Kontakt+NAV/Teknisk+brukerstotte/Snarveier/personvernerkl%C3%A6ring-for-arbeids-og-velferdsetaten">NAVs +personvernerklæring</a>, som under punktet «Personvern og statistikk» +lyder:</p> <p><blockquote> -<p>18.2. MPEG-4. MPEG-4 technology may be included with the -software. MPEG LA, L.L.C. requires this notice: </p> - -<p>This product is licensed under the MPEG-4 visual patent portfolio -license for the personal and non-commercial use of a consumer for (i) -encoding video in compliance with the MPEG-4 visual standard (“MPEG-4 -video”) and/or (ii) decoding MPEG-4 video that was encoded by a -consumer engaged in a personal and non-commercial activity and/or was -obtained from a video provider licensed by MPEG LA to provide MPEG-4 -video. No license is granted or shall be implied for any other -use. Additional information including that relating to promotional, -internal and commercial uses and licensing may be obtained from MPEG -LA, LLC. See http://www.mpegla.com. This product is licensed under -the MPEG-4 systems patent portfolio license for encoding in compliance -with the MPEG-4 systems standard, except that an additional license -and payment of royalties are necessary for encoding in connection with -(i) data stored or replicated in physical media which is paid for on a -title by title basis and/or (ii) data which is paid for on a title by -title basis and is transmitted to an end user for permanent storage -and/or use, such additional license may be obtained from MPEG LA, -LLC. See http://www.mpegla.com for additional details.</p> - -<p>18.3. H.264/AVC. H.264/AVC technology may be included with the -software. MPEG LA, L.L.C. requires this notice:</p> - -<p>This product is licensed under the AVC patent portfolio license for -the personal use of a consumer or other uses in which it does not -receive remuneration to (i) encode video in compliance with the AVC -standard (“AVC video”) and/or (ii) decode AVC video that was encoded -by a consumer engaged in a personal activity and/or was obtained from -a video provider licensed to provide AVC video. No license is granted -or shall be implied for any other use. Additional information may be -obtained from MPEG LA, L.L.C. See http://www.mpegla.com.</p> -</blockquote></p> - -<p>Note the requirement that the videos created can only be used for -personal or non-commercial purposes.</p> -<p>The Sorenson Media software have -<a href="http://www.sorensonmedia.com/terms/">similar terms</a>:</p> +<p>«Når du besøker nav.no, etterlater du deg elektroniske spor. Sporene +dannes fordi din nettleser automatisk sender en rekke opplysninger til +NAVs tjener (server-maskin) hver gang du ber om å få vist en side. Det +er eksempelvis opplysninger om hvilken nettleser og -versjon du +bruker, og din internettadresse (ip-adresse). For hver side som vises, +lagres følgende opplysninger:</p> -<p><blockquote> +<ul> +<li>hvilken side du ser på</li> +<li>dato og tid</li> +<li>hvilken nettleser du bruker</li> +<li>din ip-adresse</li> +</ul> -<p>With respect to a license from Sorenson pertaining to MPEG-4 Video -Decoders and/or Encoders: Any such product is licensed under the -MPEG-4 visual patent portfolio license for the personal and -non-commercial use of a consumer for (i) encoding video in compliance -with the MPEG-4 visual standard (“MPEG-4 video”) and/or (ii) decoding -MPEG-4 video that was encoded by a consumer engaged in a personal and -non-commercial activity and/or was obtained from a video provider -licensed by MPEG LA to provide MPEG-4 video. No license is granted or -shall be implied for any other use. Additional information including -that relating to promotional, internal and commercial uses and -licensing may be obtained from MPEG LA, LLC. See -http://www.mpegla.com.</p> - -<p>With respect to a license from Sorenson pertaining to MPEG-4 -Consumer Recorded Data Encoder, MPEG-4 Systems Internet Data Encoder, -MPEG-4 Mobile Data Encoder, and/or MPEG-4 Unique Use Encoder: Any such -product is licensed under the MPEG-4 systems patent portfolio license -for encoding in compliance with the MPEG-4 systems standard, except -that an additional license and payment of royalties are necessary for -encoding in connection with (i) data stored or replicated in physical -media which is paid for on a title by title basis and/or (ii) data -which is paid for on a title by title basis and is transmitted to an -end user for permanent storage and/or use. Such additional license may -be obtained from MPEG LA, LLC. See http://www.mpegla.com for -additional details.</p> +<p>Ingen av opplysningene vil bli brukt til å identifisere +enkeltpersoner. NAV bruker disse opplysningene til å generere en +samlet statistikk som blant annet viser hvilke sider som er mest +populære. Statistikken er et redskap til å forbedre våre +tjenester.»</p> </blockquote></p> -<p>Some free software like -<a href="https://handbrake.fr/">Handbrake</A> and -<a href="http://ffmpeg.org/">FFMPEG</a> uses GPL/LGPL licenses and do -not have any such terms included, so for those, there is no -requirement to limit the use to personal and non-commercial.</p> +<p>Jeg klarer ikke helt å se hvordan analyse av de besøkendes +IP-adresser for å se hvem som sender inn meldekort via web fra en +IP-adresse i utlandet kan gjøres uten å komme i strid med påstanden om +at «ingen av opplysningene vil bli brukt til å identifisere +enkeltpersoner». Det virker dermed for meg som at NAV bryter sine +egen personvernerklæring, hvilket +<a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Er_lover_brutt_n_r_personvernpolicy_ikke_stemmer_med_praksis_.html">Datatilsynet +fortalte meg i starten av desember antagelig er brudd på +personopplysningsloven</a>. + +<p>I tillegg er personvernerklæringen ganske misvisende i og med at +NAVs nettsider ikke bare forsyner NAV med personopplysninger, men i +tillegg ber brukernes nettleser kontakte fem andre nettjenere +(script.hotjar.com, static.hotjar.com, vars.hotjar.com, +www.google-analytics.com og www.googletagmanager.com), slik at +personopplysninger blir gjort tilgjengelig for selskapene Hotjar og +Google , og alle som kan lytte på trafikken på veien (som FRA, GCHQ og +NSA). Jeg klarer heller ikke se hvordan slikt spredning av +personopplysninger kan være i tråd med kravene i +personopplysningloven, eller i tråd med NAVs personvernerklæring.</p> + +<p>Kanskje NAV bør ta en nøye titt på sin personvernerklæring? Eller +kanskje Datatilsynet bør gjøre det?</p> + + + + + Where did that package go? &mdash; geolocated IP traceroute + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Where_did_that_package_go___mdash__geolocated_IP_traceroute.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Where_did_that_package_go___mdash__geolocated_IP_traceroute.html + Mon, 9 Jan 2017 12:20:00 +0100 + <p>Did you ever wonder where the web trafic really flow to reach the +web servers, and who own the network equipment it is flowing through? +It is possible to get a glimpse of this from using traceroute, but it +is hard to find all the details. Many years ago, I wrote a system to +map the Norwegian Internet (trying to figure out if our plans for a +network game service would get low enough latency, and who we needed +to talk to about setting up game servers close to the users. Back +then I used traceroute output from many locations (I asked my friends +to run a script and send me their traceroute output) to create the +graph and the map. The output from traceroute typically look like +this: + +<p><pre> +traceroute to www.stortinget.no (85.88.67.10), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets + 1 uio-gw10.uio.no (129.240.202.1) 0.447 ms 0.486 ms 0.621 ms + 2 uio-gw8.uio.no (129.240.24.229) 0.467 ms 0.578 ms 0.675 ms + 3 oslo-gw1.uninett.no (128.39.65.17) 0.385 ms 0.373 ms 0.358 ms + 4 te3-1-2.br1.fn3.as2116.net (193.156.90.3) 1.174 ms 1.172 ms 1.153 ms + 5 he16-1-1.cr1.san110.as2116.net (195.0.244.234) 2.627 ms he16-1-1.cr2.oslosda310.as2116.net (195.0.244.48) 3.172 ms he16-1-1.cr1.san110.as2116.net (195.0.244.234) 2.857 ms + 6 ae1.ar8.oslosda310.as2116.net (195.0.242.39) 0.662 ms 0.637 ms ae0.ar8.oslosda310.as2116.net (195.0.242.23) 0.622 ms + 7 89.191.10.146 (89.191.10.146) 0.931 ms 0.917 ms 0.955 ms + 8 * * * + 9 * * * +[...] +</pre></p> + +<p>This show the DNS names and IP addresses of (at least some of the) +network equipment involved in getting the data traffic from me to the +www.stortinget.no server, and how long it took in milliseconds for a +package to reach the equipment and return to me. Three packages are +sent, and some times the packages do not follow the same path. This +is shown for hop 5, where three different IP addresses replied to the +traceroute request.</p> + +<p>There are many ways to measure trace routes. Other good traceroute +implementations I use are traceroute (using ICMP packages) mtr (can do +both ICMP, UDP and TCP) and scapy (python library with ICMP, UDP, TCP +traceroute and a lot of other capabilities). All of them are easily +available in <a href="https://www.debian.org/">Debian</a>.</p> + +<p>This time around, I wanted to know the geographic location of +different route points, to visualize how visiting a web page spread +information about the visit to a lot of servers around the globe. The +background is that a web site today often will ask the browser to get +from many servers the parts (for example HTML, JSON, fonts, +JavaScript, CSS, video) required to display the content. This will +leak information about the visit to those controlling these servers +and anyone able to peek at the data traffic passing by (like your ISP, +the ISPs backbone provider, FRA, GCHQ, NSA and others).</p> + +<p>Lets pick an example, the Norwegian parliament web site +www.stortinget.no. It is read daily by all members of parliament and +their staff, as well as political journalists, activits and many other +citizens of Norway. A visit to the www.stortinget.no web site will +ask your browser to contact 8 other servers: ajax.googleapis.com, +insights.hotjar.com, script.hotjar.com, static.hotjar.com, +stats.g.doubleclick.net, www.google-analytics.com, +www.googletagmanager.com and www.netigate.se. I extracted this by +asking <a href="http://phantomjs.org/">PhantomJS</a> to visit the +Stortinget web page and tell me all the URLs PhantomJS downloaded to +render the page (in HAR format using +<a href="https://github.com/ariya/phantomjs/blob/master/examples/netsniff.js">their +netsniff example</a>. I am very grateful to Gorm for showing me how +to do this). My goal is to visualize network traces to all IP +addresses behind these DNS names, do show where visitors personal +information is spread when visiting the page.</p> + +<p align="center"><a href="www.stortinget.no-geoip.kml"><img +src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2017-01-09-www.stortinget.no-geoip-small.png" alt="map of combined traces for URLs used by www.stortinget.no using GeoIP"/></a></p> + +<p>When I had a look around for options, I could not find any good +free software tools to do this, and decided I needed my own traceroute +wrapper outputting KML based on locations looked up using GeoIP. KML +is easy to work with and easy to generate, and understood by several +of the GIS tools I have available. I got good help from by NUUG +colleague Anders Einar with this, and the result can be seen in +<a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/kmltraceroute">my +kmltraceroute git repository</a>. Unfortunately, the quality of the +free GeoIP databases I could find (and the for-pay databases my +friends had access to) is not up to the task. The IP addresses of +central Internet infrastructure would typically be placed near the +controlling companies main office, and not where the router is really +located, as you can see from <a href="www.stortinget.no-geoip.kml">the +KML file I created</a> using the GeoLite City dataset from MaxMind. + +<p align="center"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2017-01-09-www.stortinget.no-scapy.svg"><img +src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2017-01-09-www.stortinget.no-scapy-small.png" alt="scapy traceroute graph for URLs used by www.stortinget.no"/></a></p> + +<p>I also had a look at the visual traceroute graph created by +<a href="http://www.secdev.org/projects/scapy/">the scrapy project</a>, +showing IP network ownership (aka AS owner) for the IP address in +question. +<a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2017-01-09-www.stortinget.no-scapy.svg">The +graph display a lot of useful information about the traceroute in SVG +format</a>, and give a good indication on who control the network +equipment involved, but it do not include geolocation. This graph +make it possible to see the information is made available at least for +UNINETT, Catchcom, Stortinget, Nordunet, Google, Amazon, Telia, Level +3 Communications and NetDNA.</p> + +<p align="center"><a href="https://geotraceroute.com/index.php?node=4&host=www.stortinget.no"><img +src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2017-01-09-www.stortinget.no-geotraceroute-small.png" alt="example geotraceroute view for www.stortinget.no"/></a></p> + +<p>In the process, I came across the +<a href="https://geotraceroute.com/">web service GeoTraceroute</a> by +Salim Gasmi. Its methology of combining guesses based on DNS names, +various location databases and finally use latecy times to rule out +candidate locations seemed to do a very good job of guessing correct +geolocation. But it could only do one trace at the time, did not have +a sensor in Norway and did not make the geolocations easily available +for postprocessing. So I contacted the developer and asked if he +would be willing to share the code (he refused until he had time to +clean it up), but he was interested in providing the geolocations in a +machine readable format, and willing to set up a sensor in Norway. So +since yesterday, it is possible to run traces from Norway in this +service thanks to a sensor node set up by +<a href="https://www.nuug.no/">the NUUG assosiation</a>, and get the +trace in KML format for further processing.</p> + +<p align="center"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2017-01-09-www.stortinget.no-geotraceroute-kml-join.kml"><img +src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2017-01-09-www.stortinget.no-geotraceroute-kml-join.png" alt="map of combined traces for URLs used by www.stortinget.no using geotraceroute"/></a></p> + +<p>Here we can see a lot of trafic passes Sweden on its way to +Denmark, Germany, Holland and Ireland. Plenty of places where the +Snowden confirmations verified the traffic is read by various actors +without your best interest as their top priority.</p> + +<p>Combining KML files is trivial using a text editor, so I could loop +over all the hosts behind the urls imported by www.stortinget.no and +ask for the KML file from GeoTraceroute, and create a combined KML +file with all the traces (unfortunately only one of the IP addresses +behind the DNS name is traced this time. To get them all, one would +have to request traces using IP number instead of DNS names from +GeoTraceroute). That might be the next step in this project.</p> + +<p>Armed with these tools, I find it a lot easier to figure out where +the IP traffic moves and who control the boxes involved in moving it. +And every time the link crosses for example the Swedish border, we can +be sure Swedish Signal Intelligence (FRA) is listening, as GCHQ do in +Britain and NSA in USA and cables around the globe. (Hm, what should +we tell them? :) Keep that in mind if you ever send anything +unencrypted over the Internet.</p> + +<p>PS: KML files are drawn using +<a href="http://ivanrublev.me/kml/">the KML viewer from Ivan +Rublev<a/>, as it was less cluttered than the local Linux application +Marble. There are heaps of other options too.</p> + +<p>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my +activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address +<b><a href="bitcoin:15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b&label=PetterReinholdtsenBlog">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b</a></b>.</p>