X-Git-Url: http://pere.pagekite.me/gitweb/homepage.git/blobdiff_plain/f16471a8c97f25cdb4df50f4f744182684b291b1..a794e1d1b2158cf9ed1d28e32d56bd6883ab9ba5:/blog/archive/2012/04/index.html diff --git a/blog/archive/2012/04/index.html b/blog/archive/2012/04/index.html index 1da3c25492..01aa2df1aa 100644 --- a/blog/archive/2012/04/index.html +++ b/blog/archive/2012/04/index.html @@ -210,6 +210,456 @@ that is not really an option at the moment.

+
+
+ Debian Edu interview: Justin B. Rye +
+
+ 8th April 2012 +
+
+

It take all kind of contributions to create a Linux distribution +like Debian Edu / Skolelinux, +and this time I lend the ear to Justin B. Rye, who is listed as a big +contributor to the +Debian +Edu Squeeze release manual. + +

Who are you, and how do you spend your days?

+ +

I'm a 44-year-old linguistics graduate living in Edinburgh who has +occasionally been employed as a sysadmin.

+ +

How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu +project?

+ +

I'm neither a developer nor a Skolelinux/Debian Edu user! The only +reason my name's in the credits for the documentation is that I hang +around on debian-l10n-english waiting for people to mention things +they'd like a native English speaker to proofread... So I did a sweep +through the wiki for typos and Norglish and inconsistent spellings of +"localisation".

+ +

What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian +Edu?

+ +

What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian +Edu?

+ +

These questions are too hard for me - I don't use it! In fact I +had hardly any contact with I.T. until long after I'd got out of the +education system.

+ +

I can tell you the advantages of Debian for me though: it soaks up +as much of my free time as I want and no more, and lets me do +everything I want a computer for without ever forcing me to spend +money on the latest hardware.

+ +

Which free software do you use daily?

+ +

I've been using Debian since Rex; popularity-contest says the +software that I use most is xinit, xterm, and xulrunner (in other +words, I use a distinctly retro sort of desktop).

+ +

Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to +get schools to use free software?

+ +

Well, I don't know. I suppose I'd be inclined to try reasoning +with the people who make the decisions, but obviously if that worked +you would hardly need a strategy.

+ +
+
+ + + Tags: debian edu, english, intervju. + + +
+
+
+ +
+
+ Jeg skal på konferansen Go Open 2012 +
+
+ 13th April 2012 +
+
+

Jeg har tenkt meg på konferansen Go +Open 2012 i Oslo 23. april. +Medlemsforeningen NUUG deler ut +prisen for fremme av fri +programvare i Norge der i år. Kommer du?

+ +
+
+ + + Tags: norsk, nuug. + + +
+
+
+ +
+
+ Debian Edu interview: Andreas Mundt +
+
+ 15th April 2012 +
+
+

Behind Debian Edu and +Skolelinux there are a lot of people doing the hard work of +setting together all the pieces. This time I present to you Andreas +Mundt, who have been part of the technical development team several +years. He was also a key contributor in getting GOsa and Kerberos set +up in the recently released +Debian +Edu Squeeze version.

+ +

Who are you, and how do you spend your days?

+ +

My name is Andreas Mundt, I grew up in south Germany. After +studying Physics I spent several years at university doing research in +Quantum Optics. After that I worked some years in an optics company. +Finally I decided to turn over a new leaf in my life and started +teaching 10 to 19 years old kids at school. I teach math, physics, +information technology and science/technology.

+ +

How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu +project?

+ +

Already before I switched to teaching, I followed the Debian Edu +project because of my interest in education and Debian. Within the +qualification/training period for the teaching, I started +contributing.

+ +

What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian +Edu?

+ +

The advantages of Debian Edu are the well known name, the +out-of-the-box philosophy and of course the great free software of the +Debian Project!

+ +

What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian +Edu?

+ +

As every coin has two sides, the out-of-the-box philosophy has its +downside, too. In my opinion, it is hard to modify and tweak the +setup, if you need or want that. Further more, it is not easily +possible to upgrade the system to a new release. It takes much too +long after a Debian release to prepare the -Edu release, perhaps +because the number of developers working on the core of the code is +rather small and often busy elsewhere.

+ +

The Debian LAN +project might fill the use case of a more flexible system.

+ +

Which free software do you use daily?

+ +

I am only using non-free software if I am forced to and run Debian +on all my machines. For documents I prefer LaTeX and PGF/TikZ, then +mutt and iceweasel for email respectively web browsing. At school I +have Arduino and Fritzing in use for a micro controller project.

+ +

Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to +get schools to use free software?

+ +

One of the major problems is the vendor lock-in from top to bottom: +Especially in combination with ignorant government employees and +politicians, this works out great for the "market-leader". The school +administration here in Baden-Wuerttemberg is occupied by that vendor. +Documents have to be prepared in non-free, proprietary formats. Even +free browsers do not work for the school administration. Publishers +of school books provide software only for proprietary platforms.

+ +

To change this, political work is very important. Parts of the +political spectrum have become aware of the problem in the last years. +However it takes quite some time and courageous politicians to 'free' +the system. There is currently some discussion about "Open Data" and +"Free/Open Standards". I am not sure if all the involved parties have +a clue about the potential of these ideas, and probably only a +fraction takes them seriously. However it might slowly make free +software and the philosophy behind it more known and popular.

+ +
+
+ + + Tags: debian edu, english, intervju. + + +
+
+
+ +
+
+ Forskning: "GPL gir lokal frihet og kontroll gjennom omfordeling av makt fra produsent til bruker" +
+
+ 15th April 2012 +
+
+

Da jeg googlet etter noe annet kom jeg tilfeldigvis over +en +hovedfagsoppgave ved Universitetet i Oslo som diskuterer verdien +av GPLs fire friheter for brukerne av IT-systemer. Jeg ble fascinert +over det som presenteres der. Her er sammendraget:

+ +

+ +

Motivasjonen til å skrive denne oppgaven er en personlig undring +over hvorfor det primært, og ofte eksklusivt, fokuseres på det +økonomiske aspektet ved utredninger om fri programvare er et godt valg +for det offentlige. Fri og produsenteid programvare bygger på +fundamentalt forskjellige ideologier som kan ha implikasjoner utover +økonomiske kostnader. Kunnskapskulturen som er med på å definere fri +programvare er basert på åpenhet, og er en verdi i seg selv.

+ +

Oppgavens tema er programvarelisensen GPL og frihet. GPL-lisensiert +programvare gir visse friheter i forhold til produsenteid +programvare. Mitt spørsmål er om, og eventuelt i hvilken utstrekning, +disse frihetene blir benyttet av ulike brukere og hvordan de +manifesterer seg for disse brukerne. Sentrale spørsmål i oppgaven +er:

+ +
    +
  • Hvordan fordeles handlekraft gjennom lisensieringen av programvaren?
    • +
  • Hvilke konsekvenser har programvarelisensen for de ulike brukere?
    • +
+ +

Fri programvare gir blant annet brukeren mulighet til å studere og +modifisere kildekoden. Denne formen for frihet erverves gjennom +kunnskap og krever at brukeren også er en ekspert. Hva skjer med +frihetene til GPL når sluttbrukeren er en annen? Dette diskuteres i +dialog med informantene.

+ +

Jeg har i denne oppgaven samlet inn intervjudata fra IKT-ansvarlige +ved grunnskolene i Nittedal kommune, driftsansvarlig og IKT-veilederen +for skolene i kommunen, samt IKT-koordinator for utdanning i Akershus +fylkeskommune og bokmåloversettere av OpenOffice.org. Den empiriske +delen av oppgaven er delt inn i to seksjoner; den første omhandler +operativsystemet Skolelinux, den andre kontorprogrampakken +OpenOffice.org.

+ +

Som vi vil se gir GPL lokal frihet og kontroll gjennom omfordeling +av makt fra produsent til bruker. Brukerens makt analyseres gjennom +begrepene brukermedvirkning og handlingsfrihet. Det blir også lagt +vekt på strukturelle forhold rundt bruken av teknologi, og spesielt de +økonomiske begrepene nettverkseksternaliteter, innlåsing og +stiavhengighet. Dette er begreper av spesiell nytte når objektet som +omsettes eller distribueres er et kommunikasjonsprodukt, fordi verdien +til et slikt gode for en potensiell bruker avhenger av antall +eksisterende brukere av godet. I tilknytning til denne problematikken +inneholder oppgaven også en diskusjon rundt åpne standarder og +formater.

+ +

Oppgaven konkluderer med at de «fire frihetene» som GPL-lisensen er +laget for å beskytte er av avgjørende betydning for bruken av +OpenOffice.org og Skolelinux, i Akershus fylkeskommune såvel som i +skolene i Nittedal. Distribusjonen av handlekraft er ikke helt +symmetrisk. Det er først og fremst de profesjonelle utviklerne i +Skolelinux som direkte kan nyttiggjøre seg friheten til å endre kode, +mens en sluttbruker som Nittedal kommune nyttiggjør seg den økonomiske +friheten til å kunne distribuere programmene. Det er imidlertid også +slik at ingen aktør klarer seg uten alle disse «frihetene».

+

+ +

Jeg fant også en masteroppgave fra 2006, men der ligger ikke +komplett oppgave tilgjengelig. På tide å holde et øye med +Skolelinux-søket +til DUO...

+ + +
+
+ + + Tags: debian edu, norsk. + + +
+
+
+ +
+
+ RAND terms - non-reasonable and discriminatory +
+
+ 19th April 2012 +
+
+

Here in Norway, the + Ministry of +Government Administration, Reform and Church Affairs is behind +a directory of +standards that are recommended or mandatory for use by the +government. When the directory was created, the people behind it made +an effort to ensure that everyone would be able to implement the +standards and compete on equal terms to supply software and solutions +to the government. Free software and non-free software could compete +on the same level.

+ +

But recently, some standards with RAND +(Reasonable +And Non-Discriminatory) terms have made their way into the +directory. And while this might not sound too bad, the fact is that +standard specifications with RAND terms often block free software from +implementing them. The reasonable part of RAND mean that the cost per +user/unit is low,and the non-discriminatory part mean that everyone +willing to pay will get a license. Both sound great in theory. In +practice, to get such license one need to be able to count users, and +be able to pay a small amount of money per unit or user. By +definition, users of free software do not need to register their use. +So counting users or units is not possible for free software projects. +And given that people will use the software without handing any money +to the author, it is not really economically possible for a free +software author to pay a small amount of money to license the rights +to implement a standard when the income available is zero. The result +in these situations is that free software are locked out from +implementing standards with RAND terms.

+ +

Because of this, when I see someone claiming the terms of a +standard is reasonable and non-discriminatory, all I can think of is +how this really is non-reasonable and discriminatory. Because free +software developers are working in a global market, it does not really +help to know that software patents are not supposed to be enforceable +in Norway. The patent regimes in other countries affect us even here. +I really hope the people behind the standard directory will pay more +attention to these issues in the future.

+ +

You can find more on the issues with RAND, FRAND and RAND-Z terms +from Simon Phipps +(RAND: +Not So Reasonable?).

+ +

Update 2012-04-21: Just came across a +blog +post from Glyn Moody over at Computer World UK warning about the +same issue, and urging people to speak out to the UK government. I +can only urge Norwegian users to do the same for +the +hearing taking place at the moment (respond before 2012-04-27). +It proposes to require video conferencing standards including +specifications with RAND terms.

+ +
+
+ + + Tags: english, multimedia, nuug, standard, video. + + +
+
+
+ +
+
+ Holder de ord og NUUG lanserer testtjeneste med stortingsinformasjon +
+
+ 22nd April 2012 +
+
+

I +januar +i fjor startet vi i NUUG arbeid med å gjøre informasjon om hvem +som har stemt hva på Stortinget +enklere tilgjengelig. I løpet av få måneder fant vi sammen med +organisasjonen Holder de ord +som arbeidet mot et lignende mål.

+ +

Siden den gang har vi fått tak i maskinelt lesbart informasjon om +hvem som stemte hva mellom 1990 og våren 2010, og tilgang til +stortingets nye datatjeneste som har informasjon fra høsten 2011 til i +dag. Det gjenstår litt arbeid med det første datasettet, men +datasettet fra høsten 2011 er klart til bruk. Begge datasettene er +tilgjengelig via +git.

+ +

På +Go Open i morgen lanserer +NUUG sammen med Holder de ord en +test-tjeneste som viser hva som er og blir behandlet på Stortinget og +hvem som har stemt hva siden oktober i fjor. Du får herved mulighet +til å ta en sniktitt.

+ +
+
+ + + Tags: norsk, nuug, stortinget. + + +
+
+
+ +
+
+ HTC One X - Your video? What do you mean? +
+
+ 26th April 2012 +
+
+

In an +article today published by Computerworld Norway, the photographer +Eirik Helland Urke reports +that the video editor application included with +HTC One +X have some quite surprising terms of use. The article is mostly +based on the twitter message from mister Urke, stating: + +

+"Drøy +brukeravtale: HTC kan bruke MINE redigerte videoer kommersielt. Selv +kan jeg KUN bruke dem privat" +

+ +

I quickly translated it to this English message:

+ +

+"Arrogant user agreement: HTC can use MY edited videos +commercially. Although I can ONLY use them privately." +

+ +

I've been unable to find the text of the license term myself, but +suspect it is a variation of the MPEG-LA terms I +discovered +with my Canon IXUS 130. The HTC One X specification specifies that +the recording format of the phone is .amr for audio and .mp3 for +video. AMR is +Adaptive +Multi-Rate audio codec with patents which according to the +Wikipedia article require an license agreement with +VoiceAge. MP4 is +MPEG4 with +H.264, which according to Wikipedia require a licence agreement +with MPEG-LA.

+ +

I know why I prefer +free and open +standards also for video.

+ +
+
+ + + Tags: digistan, english, multimedia, personvern, standard, video, web. + + +
+
+
+

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