X-Git-Url: http://pere.pagekite.me/gitweb/homepage.git/blobdiff_plain/d6c6f0ab217fcc50eb0022c0289052d97650b6b1..fa4e14fe2faecdba7833edabf9f9fe20fb3be1c7:/blog/index.rss diff --git a/blog/index.rss b/blog/index.rss index d514fba52a..4fcf4416e6 100644 --- a/blog/index.rss +++ b/blog/index.rss @@ -6,6 +6,1033 @@ http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/ + + Hva henger under skibrua over E16 på Sollihøgda? + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hva_henger_under_skibrua_over_E16_p__Sollih_gda_.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hva_henger_under_skibrua_over_E16_p__Sollih_gda_.html + Sun, 21 Sep 2014 09:50:00 +0200 + <p>Rundt omkring i Oslo og Østlandsområdet henger det bokser over +veiene som jeg har lurt på hva gjør. De har ut fra plassering og +vinkling sett ut som bokser som sniffer ut et eller annet fra +forbipasserende trafikk, men det har vært uklart for meg hva det er de +leser av. Her om dagen tok jeg bilde av en slik boks som henger under +<a href="http://www.openstreetmap.no/?zoom=19&mlat=59.96396&mlon=10.34443&layers=B00000">ei +skibru på Sollihøgda</a>:</p> + +<p align="center"><img width="60%" src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2014-09-13-kapsch-sollihogda-crop.jpeg"></p> + +<p>Boksen er tydelig merket «Kapsch >>>», logoen til +<a href="http://www.kapsch.net/">det sveitsiske selskapet Kapsch</a> som +blant annet lager sensorsystemer for veitrafikk. Men de lager mye +forskjellig, og jeg kjente ikke igjen boksen på utseendet etter en +kjapp titt på produktlista til selskapet.</p> + +<p>I og med at boksen henger over veien E16, en riksvei vedlikeholdt +av Statens Vegvesen, så antok jeg at det burde være mulig å bruke +REST-API-et som gir tilgang til vegvesenets database over veier, +skilter og annet veirelatert til å finne ut hva i alle dager dette +kunne være. De har både +<a href="https://www.vegvesen.no/nvdb/api/dokumentasjon/datakatalog">en +datakatalog</a> og +<a href="https://www.vegvesen.no/nvdb/api/dokumentasjon/sok">et +søk</a>, der en kan søke etter ulike typer oppføringer innen for et +gitt geografisk område. Jeg laget et enkelt shell-script for å hente +ut antall av en gitt type innenfor området skibrua dekker, og listet +opp navnet på typene som ble funnet. Orket ikke slå opp hvordan +URL-koding av aktuelle strenger kunne gjøres mer generisk, og brukte +en stygg sed-linje i stedet.</p> + +<blockquote><pre> +#!/bin/sh +urlmap() { + sed \ + -e 's/ / /g' -e 's/{/%7B/g' \ + -e 's/}/%7D/g' -e 's/\[/%5B/g' \ + -e 's/\]/%5D/g' -e 's/ /%20/g' \ + -e 's/,/%2C/g' -e 's/\"/%22/g' \ + -e 's/:/%3A/g' +} + +lookup() { + url="$1" + curl -s -H 'Accept: application/vnd.vegvesen.nvdb-v1+xml' \ + "https://www.vegvesen.no/nvdb/api$url" | xmllint --format - +} + +for id in $(seq 1 874) ; do + search="{ + lokasjon: { + bbox: \"10.34425,59.96386,10.34458,59.96409\", + srid: \"WGS84\" + }, + objektTyper: [{ + id: $id, antall: 10 + }] +}" + + query=/sok?kriterie=$(echo $search | urlmap) + if lookup "$query" | + grep -q '&lt;totaltAntallReturnert>0&lt;' + then + : + else + echo $id + lookup "/datakatalog/objekttyper/$id" |grep '^ &lt;navn>' + fi +done + +exit 0 +</pre></blockquote> + +Aktuelt ID-område 1-874 var riktig i datakatalogen da jeg laget +scriptet. Det vil endre seg over tid. Skriptet listet så opp +aktuelle typer i og rundt skibrua: + +<blockquote><pre> +5 + &lt;navn>Rekkverk&lt;/navn> +14 + &lt;navn>Rekkverksende&lt;/navn> +47 + &lt;navn>Trafikklomme&lt;/navn> +49 + &lt;navn>Trafikkøy&lt;/navn> +60 + &lt;navn>Bru&lt;/navn> +79 + &lt;navn>Stikkrenne/Kulvert&lt;/navn> +80 + &lt;navn>Grøft, åpen&lt;/navn> +86 + &lt;navn>Belysningsstrekning&lt;/navn> +95 + &lt;navn>Skiltpunkt&lt;/navn> +96 + &lt;navn>Skiltplate&lt;/navn> +98 + &lt;navn>Referansestolpe&lt;/navn> +99 + &lt;navn>Vegoppmerking, langsgående&lt;/navn> +105 + &lt;navn>Fartsgrense&lt;/navn> +106 + &lt;navn>Vinterdriftsstrategi&lt;/navn> +172 + &lt;navn>Trafikkdeler&lt;/navn> +241 + &lt;navn>Vegdekke&lt;/navn> +293 + &lt;navn>Breddemåling&lt;/navn> +301 + &lt;navn>Kantklippareal&lt;/navn> +318 + &lt;navn>Snø-/isrydding&lt;/navn> +445 + &lt;navn>Skred&lt;/navn> +446 + &lt;navn>Dokumentasjon&lt;/navn> +452 + &lt;navn>Undergang&lt;/navn> +528 + &lt;navn>Tverrprofil&lt;/navn> +532 + &lt;navn>Vegreferanse&lt;/navn> +534 + &lt;navn>Region&lt;/navn> +535 + &lt;navn>Fylke&lt;/navn> +536 + &lt;navn>Kommune&lt;/navn> +538 + &lt;navn>Gate&lt;/navn> +539 + &lt;navn>Transportlenke&lt;/navn> +540 + &lt;navn>Trafikkmengde&lt;/navn> +570 + &lt;navn>Trafikkulykke&lt;/navn> +571 + &lt;navn>Ulykkesinvolvert enhet&lt;/navn> +572 + &lt;navn>Ulykkesinvolvert person&lt;/navn> +579 + &lt;navn>Politidistrikt&lt;/navn> +583 + &lt;navn>Vegbredde&lt;/navn> +591 + &lt;navn>Høydebegrensning&lt;/navn> +592 + &lt;navn>Nedbøyningsmåling&lt;/navn> +597 + &lt;navn>Støy-luft, Strekningsdata&lt;/navn> +601 + &lt;navn>Oppgravingsdata&lt;/navn> +602 + &lt;navn>Oppgravingslag&lt;/navn> +603 + &lt;navn>PMS-parsell&lt;/navn> +604 + &lt;navn>Vegnormalstrekning&lt;/navn> +605 + &lt;navn>Værrelatert strekning&lt;/navn> +616 + &lt;navn>Feltstrekning&lt;/navn> +617 + &lt;navn>Adressepunkt&lt;/navn> +626 + &lt;navn>Friksjonsmåleserie&lt;/navn> +629 + &lt;navn>Vegdekke, flatelapping&lt;/navn> +639 + &lt;navn>Kurvatur, horisontalelement&lt;/navn> +640 + &lt;navn>Kurvatur, vertikalelement&lt;/navn> +642 + &lt;navn>Kurvatur, vertikalpunkt&lt;/navn> +643 + &lt;navn>Statistikk, trafikkmengde&lt;/navn> +647 + &lt;navn>Statistikk, vegbredde&lt;/navn> +774 + &lt;navn>Nedbøyningsmåleserie&lt;/navn> +775 + &lt;navn>ATK, influensstrekning&lt;/navn> +794 + &lt;navn>Systemobjekt&lt;/navn> +810 + &lt;navn>Vinterdriftsklasse&lt;/navn> +821 + &lt;navn>Funksjonell vegklasse&lt;/navn> +825 + &lt;navn>Kurvatur, stigning&lt;/navn> +838 + &lt;navn>Vegbredde, beregnet&lt;/navn> +862 + &lt;navn>Reisetidsregistreringspunkt&lt;/navn> +871 + &lt;navn>Bruksklasse&lt;/navn> +</pre></blockquote> + +<p>Av disse ser ID 775 og 862 mest relevant ut. ID 775 antar jeg +refererer til fotoboksen som står like ved brua, mens +«Reisetidsregistreringspunkt» kanskje kan være boksen som henger der. +Hvordan finner jeg så ut hva dette kan være for noe. En titt på +<a href="http://labs.vegdata.no/nvdb-datakatalog/862-Reisetidsregistreringspunkt/">datakatalogsiden +for ID 862/Reisetidsregistreringspunkt</a> viser at det er finnes 53 +slike målere i Norge, og hvor de er plassert, men gir ellers få +detaljer. Det er plassert 40 på østlandet og 13 i Trondheimsregionen. +Men siden nevner «AutoPASS», og hvis en slår opp oppføringen på +Sollihøgda nevner den «Ciber AS» som ID for eksternt system. (Kan det +være snakk om +<a href="http://www.proff.no/selskap/ciber-norge-as/oslo/internettdesign-og-programmering/Z0I3KMF4/">Ciber +Norge AS</a>, et selskap eid av Ciber Europe Bv?) Et nettsøk på + «Ciber AS autopass» fører meg til en artikkel fra NRK Trøndelag i + 2013 med tittel +«<a href="http://www.nrk.no/trondelag/sjekk-dette-hvis-du-vil-unnga-ko-1.11327947">Sjekk +dette hvis du vil unngå kø</a>». Artikkelen henviser til vegvesenets +nettside +<a href="http://www.reisetider.no/reisetid/forside.html">reisetider.no</a> +som har en +<a href="http://www.reisetider.no/reisetid/omrade.html?omrade=5">kartside +for Østlandet</a> som viser at det måles mellom Sandvika og Sollihøgda. +Det kan dermed se ut til at jeg har funnet ut hva boksene gjør.</p> + +<p>Hvis det stemmer, så er dette bokser som leser av AutoPASS-ID-en +til alle passerende biler med AutoPASS-brikke, og dermed gjør det mulig +for de som kontrollerer boksene å holde rede på hvor en gitt bil er +når den passerte et slikt målepunkt. NRK-artikkelen forteller at +denne informasjonen i dag kun brukes til å koble to +AutoPASS-brikkepasseringer passeringer sammen for å beregne +reisetiden, og at bruken er godkjent av Datatilsynet. Det er desverre +ikke mulig for en sjåfør som passerer under en slik boks å kontrollere +at AutoPASS-ID-en kun brukes til dette i dag og i fremtiden.</p> + +<p>I tillegg til denne type AutoPASS-sniffere vet jeg at det også +finnes mange automatiske stasjoner som tar betalt pr. passering (aka +bomstasjoner), og der lagres informasjon om tid, sted og bilnummer i +10 år. Finnes det andre slike sniffere plassert ut på veiene?</p> + +<p>Personlig har jeg valgt å ikke bruke AutoPASS-brikke, for å gjøre +det vanskeligere og mer kostbart for de som vil invadere privatsfæren +og holde rede på hvor bilen min beveger seg til enhver tid. Jeg håper +flere vil gjøre det samme, selv om det gir litt høyere private +utgifter (dyrere bompassering). Vern om privatsfæren koster i disse +dager.</p> + +<p>Takk til Jan Kristian Jensen i Statens Vegvesen for tips om +dokumentasjon på vegvesenets REST-API.</p> + + + + + Speeding up the Debian installer using eatmydata and dpkg-divert + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Speeding_up_the_Debian_installer_using_eatmydata_and_dpkg_divert.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Speeding_up_the_Debian_installer_using_eatmydata_and_dpkg_divert.html + Tue, 16 Sep 2014 14:00:00 +0200 + <p>The <a href="https://www.debian.org/">Debian</a> installer could be +a lot quicker. When we install more than 2000 packages in +<a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a> using +tasksel in the installer, unpacking the binary packages take forever. +A part of the slow I/O issue was discussed in +<a href="https://bugs.debian.org/613428">bug #613428</a> about too +much file system sync-ing done by dpkg, which is the package +responsible for unpacking the binary packages. Other parts (like code +executed by postinst scripts) might also sync to disk during +installation. All this sync-ing to disk do not really make sense to +me. If the machine crash half-way through, I start over, I do not try +to salvage the half installed system. So the failure sync-ing is +supposed to protect against, hardware or system crash, is not really +relevant while the installer is running.</p> + +<p>A few days ago, I thought of a way to get rid of all the file +system sync()-ing in a fairly non-intrusive way, without the need to +change the code in several packages. The idea is not new, but I have +not heard anyone propose the approach using dpkg-divert before. It +depend on the small and clever package +<a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/eatmydata">eatmydata</a>, which +uses LD_PRELOAD to replace the system functions for syncing data to +disk with functions doing nothing, thus allowing programs to live +dangerous while speeding up disk I/O significantly. Instead of +modifying the implementation of dpkg, apt and tasksel (which are the +packages responsible for selecting, fetching and installing packages), +it occurred to me that we could just divert the programs away, replace +them with a simple shell wrapper calling +"eatmydata&nbsp;$program&nbsp;$@", to get the same effect. +Two days ago I decided to test the idea, and wrapped up a simple +implementation for the Debian Edu udeb.</p> + +<p>The effect was stunning. In my first test it reduced the running +time of the pkgsel step (installing tasks) from 64 to less than 44 +minutes (20 minutes shaved off the installation) on an old Dell +Latitude D505 machine. I am not quite sure what the optimised time +would have been, as I messed up the testing a bit, causing the debconf +priority to get low enough for two questions to pop up during +installation. As soon as I saw the questions I moved the installation +along, but do not know how long the question were holding up the +installation. I did some more measurements using Debian Edu Jessie, +and got these results. The time measured is the time stamp in +/var/log/syslog between the "pkgsel: starting tasksel" and the +"pkgsel: finishing up" lines, if you want to do the same measurement +yourself. In Debian Edu, the tasksel dialog do not show up, and the +timing thus do not depend on how quickly the user handle the tasksel +dialog.</p> + +<p><table> + +<tr> +<th>Machine/setup</th> +<th>Original tasksel</th> +<th>Optimised tasksel</th> +<th>Reduction</th> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td>Latitude D505 Main+LTSP LXDE</td> +<td>64 min (07:46-08:50)</td> +<td><44 min (11:27-12:11)</td> +<td>>20 min 18%</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td>Latitude D505 Roaming LXDE</td> +<td>57 min (08:48-09:45)</td> +<td>34 min (07:43-08:17)</td> +<td>23 min 40%</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td>Latitude D505 Minimal</td> +<td>22 min (10:37-10:59)</td> +<td>11 min (11:16-11:27)</td> +<td>11 min 50%</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td>Thinkpad X200 Minimal</td> +<td>6 min (08:19-08:25)</td> +<td>4 min (08:04-08:08)</td> +<td>2 min 33%</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td>Thinkpad X200 Roaming KDE</td> +<td>19 min (09:21-09:40)</td> +<td>15 min (10:25-10:40)</td> +<td>4 min 21%</td> +</tr> + +</table></p> + +<p>The test is done using a netinst ISO on a USB stick, so some of the +time is spent downloading packages. The connection to the Internet +was 100Mbit/s during testing, so downloading should not be a +significant factor in the measurement. Download typically took a few +seconds to a few minutes, depending on the amount of packages being +installed.</p> + +<p>The speedup is implemented by using two hooks in +<a href="https://www.debian.org/devel/debian-installer/">Debian +Installer</a>, the pre-pkgsel.d hook to set up the diverts, and the +finish-install.d hook to remove the divert at the end of the +installation. I picked the pre-pkgsel.d hook instead of the +post-base-installer.d hook because I test using an ISO without the +eatmydata package included, and the post-base-installer.d hook in +Debian Edu can only operate on packages included in the ISO. The +negative effect of this is that I am unable to activate this +optimization for the kernel installation step in d-i. If the code is +moved to the post-base-installer.d hook, the speedup would be larger +for the entire installation.</p> + +<p>I've implemented this in the +<a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/debian-edu-install">debian-edu-install</a> +git repository, and plan to provide the optimization as part of the +Debian Edu installation. If you want to test this yourself, you can +create two files in the installer (or in an udeb). One shell script +need do go into /usr/lib/pre-pkgsel.d/, with content like this:</p> + +<p><blockquote><pre> +#!/bin/sh +set -e +. /usr/share/debconf/confmodule +info() { + logger -t my-pkgsel "info: $*" +} +error() { + logger -t my-pkgsel "error: $*" +} +override_install() { + apt-install eatmydata || true + if [ -x /target/usr/bin/eatmydata ] ; then + for bin in dpkg apt-get aptitude tasksel ; do + file=/usr/bin/$bin + # Test that the file exist and have not been diverted already. + if [ -f /target$file ] ; then + info "diverting $file using eatmydata" + printf "#!/bin/sh\neatmydata $bin.distrib \"\$@\"\n" \ + > /target$file.edu + chmod 755 /target$file.edu + in-target dpkg-divert --package debian-edu-config \ + --rename --quiet --add $file + ln -sf ./$bin.edu /target$file + else + error "unable to divert $file, as it is missing." + fi + done + else + error "unable to find /usr/bin/eatmydata after installing the eatmydata pacage" + fi +} + +override_install +</pre></blockquote></p> + +<p>To clean up, another shell script should go into +/usr/lib/finish-install.d/ with code like this: + +<p><blockquote><pre> +#! /bin/sh -e +. /usr/share/debconf/confmodule +error() { + logger -t my-finish-install "error: $@" +} +remove_install_override() { + for bin in dpkg apt-get aptitude tasksel ; do + file=/usr/bin/$bin + if [ -x /target$file.edu ] ; then + rm /target$file + in-target dpkg-divert --package debian-edu-config \ + --rename --quiet --remove $file + rm /target$file.edu + else + error "Missing divert for $file." + fi + done + sync # Flush file buffers before continuing +} + +remove_install_override +</pre></blockquote></p> + +<p>In Debian Edu, I placed both code fragments in a separate script +edu-eatmydata-install and call it from the pre-pkgsel.d and +finish-install.d scripts.</p> + +<p>By now you might ask if this change should get into the normal +Debian installer too? I suspect it should, but am not sure the +current debian-installer coordinators find it useful enough. It also +depend on the side effects of the change. I'm not aware of any, but I +guess we will see if the change is safe after some more testing. +Perhaps there is some package in Debian depending on sync() and +fsync() having effect? Perhaps it should go into its own udeb, to +allow those of us wanting to enable it to do so without affecting +everyone.</p> + +<p>Update 2014-09-24: Since a few days ago, enabling this optimization +will break installation of all programs using gnutls because of +<ahref="https://bugs.debian.org/702711">bug #702711. An updated +eatmydata package in Debian will solve it.</p> + + + + + Good bye subkeys.pgp.net, welcome pool.sks-keyservers.net + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Good_bye_subkeys_pgp_net__welcome_pool_sks_keyservers_net.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Good_bye_subkeys_pgp_net__welcome_pool_sks_keyservers_net.html + Wed, 10 Sep 2014 13:10:00 +0200 + <p>Yesterday, I had the pleasure of attending a talk with the +<a href="http://www.nuug.no/">Norwegian Unix User Group</a> about +<a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20140909-sks-keyservers/">the +OpenPGP keyserver pool sks-keyservers.net</a>, and was very happy to +learn that there is a large set of publicly available key servers to +use when looking for peoples public key. So far I have used +subkeys.pgp.net, and some times wwwkeys.nl.pgp.net when the former +were misbehaving, but those days are ended. The servers I have used +up until yesterday have been slow and some times unavailable. I hope +those problems are gone now.</p> + +<p>Behind the round robin DNS entry of the +<a href="https://sks-keyservers.net/">sks-keyservers.net</a> service +there is a pool of more than 100 keyservers which are checked every +day to ensure they are well connected and up to date. It must be +better than what I have used so far. :)</p> + +<p>Yesterdays speaker told me that the service is the default +keyserver provided by the default configuration in GnuPG, but this do +not seem to be used in Debian. Perhaps it should?</p> + +<p>Anyway, I've updated my ~/.gnupg/options file to now include this +line:</p> + +<p><blockquote><pre> +keyserver pool.sks-keyservers.net +</pre></blockquote></p> + +<p>With GnuPG version 2 one can also locate the keyserver using SRV +entries in DNS. Just for fun, I did just that at work, so now every +user of GnuPG at the University of Oslo should find a OpenGPG +keyserver automatically should their need it:</p> + +<p><blockquote><pre> +% host -t srv _pgpkey-http._tcp.uio.no +_pgpkey-http._tcp.uio.no has SRV record 0 100 11371 pool.sks-keyservers.net. +% +</pre></blockquote></p> + +<p>Now if only +<a href="http://ietfreport.isoc.org/idref/draft-shaw-openpgp-hkp/">the +HKP lookup protocol</a> supported finding signature paths, I would be +very happy. It can look up a given key or search for a user ID, but I +normally do not want that, but to find a trust path from my key to +another key. Given a user ID or key ID, I would like to find (and +download) the keys representing a signature path from my key to the +key in question, to be able to get a trust path between the two keys. +This is as far as I can tell not possible today. Perhaps something +for a future version of the protocol?</p> + + + + + Do you need an agreement with MPEG-LA to publish and broadcast H.264 video in Norway? + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Do_you_need_an_agreement_with_MPEG_LA_to_publish_and_broadcast_H_264_video_in_Norway_.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Do_you_need_an_agreement_with_MPEG_LA_to_publish_and_broadcast_H_264_video_in_Norway_.html + Mon, 25 Aug 2014 22:10:00 +0200 + <p>Two years later, I am still not sure if it is legal here in Norway +to use or publish a video in H.264 or MPEG4 format edited by the +commercially licensed video editors, without limiting the use to +create "personal" or "non-commercial" videos or get a license +agreement with <a href="http://www.mpegla.com">MPEG LA</a>. If one +want to publish and broadcast video in a non-personal or commercial +setting, it might be that those tools can not be used, or that video +format can not be used, without breaking their copyright license. I +am not sure. +<a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Trenger_en_avtale_med_MPEG_LA_for___publisere_og_kringkaste_H_264_video_.html">Back +then</a>, I found that the copyright license terms for Adobe Premiere +and Apple Final Cut Pro both specified that one could not use the +program to produce anything else without a patent license from MPEG +LA. The issue is not limited to those two products, though. Other +much used products like those from Avid and Sorenson Media have terms +of use are similar to those from Adobe and Apple. The complicating +factor making me unsure if those terms have effect in Norway or not is +that the patents in question are not valid in Norway, but copyright +licenses are.</p> + +<p>These are the terms for Avid Artist Suite, according to their +<a href="http://www.avid.com/US/about-avid/legal-notices/legal-enduserlicense2">published +end user</a> +<a href="http://www.avid.com/static/resources/common/documents/corporate/LICENSE.pdf">license +text</a> (converted to lower case text for easier reading):</p> + +<p><blockquote> +<p>18.2. MPEG-4. MPEG-4 technology may be included with the +software. MPEG LA, L.L.C. requires this notice: </p> + +<p>This product is licensed under the MPEG-4 visual patent portfolio +license for the personal and non-commercial use of a consumer for (i) +encoding video in compliance with the MPEG-4 visual standard (“MPEG-4 +video”) and/or (ii) decoding MPEG-4 video that was encoded by a +consumer engaged in a personal and non-commercial activity and/or was +obtained from a video provider licensed by MPEG LA to provide MPEG-4 +video. No license is granted or shall be implied for any other +use. Additional information including that relating to promotional, +internal and commercial uses and licensing may be obtained from MPEG +LA, LLC. See http://www.mpegla.com. This product is licensed under +the MPEG-4 systems patent portfolio license for encoding in compliance +with the MPEG-4 systems standard, except that an additional license +and payment of royalties are necessary for encoding in connection with +(i) data stored or replicated in physical media which is paid for on a +title by title basis and/or (ii) data which is paid for on a title by +title basis and is transmitted to an end user for permanent storage +and/or use, such additional license may be obtained from MPEG LA, +LLC. See http://www.mpegla.com for additional details.</p> + +<p>18.3. H.264/AVC. H.264/AVC technology may be included with the +software. MPEG LA, L.L.C. requires this notice:</p> + +<p>This product is licensed under the AVC patent portfolio license for +the personal use of a consumer or other uses in which it does not +receive remuneration to (i) encode video in compliance with the AVC +standard (“AVC video”) and/or (ii) decode AVC video that was encoded +by a consumer engaged in a personal activity and/or was obtained from +a video provider licensed to provide AVC video. No license is granted +or shall be implied for any other use. Additional information may be +obtained from MPEG LA, L.L.C. See http://www.mpegla.com.</p> +</blockquote></p> + +<p>Note the requirement that the videos created can only be used for +personal or non-commercial purposes.</p> + +<p>The Sorenson Media software have +<a href="http://www.sorensonmedia.com/terms/">similar terms</a>:</p> + +<p><blockquote> + +<p>With respect to a license from Sorenson pertaining to MPEG-4 Video +Decoders and/or Encoders: Any such product is licensed under the +MPEG-4 visual patent portfolio license for the personal and +non-commercial use of a consumer for (i) encoding video in compliance +with the MPEG-4 visual standard (“MPEG-4 video”) and/or (ii) decoding +MPEG-4 video that was encoded by a consumer engaged in a personal and +non-commercial activity and/or was obtained from a video provider +licensed by MPEG LA to provide MPEG-4 video. No license is granted or +shall be implied for any other use. Additional information including +that relating to promotional, internal and commercial uses and +licensing may be obtained from MPEG LA, LLC. See +http://www.mpegla.com.</p> + +<p>With respect to a license from Sorenson pertaining to MPEG-4 +Consumer Recorded Data Encoder, MPEG-4 Systems Internet Data Encoder, +MPEG-4 Mobile Data Encoder, and/or MPEG-4 Unique Use Encoder: Any such +product is licensed under the MPEG-4 systems patent portfolio license +for encoding in compliance with the MPEG-4 systems standard, except +that an additional license and payment of royalties are necessary for +encoding in connection with (i) data stored or replicated in physical +media which is paid for on a title by title basis and/or (ii) data +which is paid for on a title by title basis and is transmitted to an +end user for permanent storage and/or use. Such additional license may +be obtained from MPEG LA, LLC. See http://www.mpegla.com for +additional details.</p> + +</blockquote></p> + +<p>Some free software like +<a href="https://handbrake.fr/">Handbrake</A> and +<a href="http://ffmpeg.org/">FFMPEG</a> uses GPL/LGPL licenses and do +not have any such terms included, so for those, there is no +requirement to limit the use to personal and non-commercial.</p> + + + + + Lenker for 2014-08-03 + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenker_for_2014_08_03.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenker_for_2014_08_03.html + Sun, 3 Aug 2014 23:00:00 +0200 + <p>Lenge siden jeg har hatt tid til å publisere lenker til skriverier +jeg har hatt glede og nytte av av å lese. Her er en liten norsk +lenkesamling.</p> + +<p><ul> + +<li><a href="http://www.nrk.no/ytring/sjoslag-om-fiskemilliardene-1.11576109">Sjøslag +om fiskemilliardene</a> (NRK Ytring 2014-03-03) - litt om hvordan de +norske felles matressurser røves fra felleskapet.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/Matkrisen-kan-komme-til-Norge-7522341.html">Matkrisen +kan komme til Norge</a> (Aftenposten 2014-4-01) - hvordan miljøendringene vil gjøre matproduksjonen i Norge mer sårbar.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.nrk.no/ytring/norge-trenger-kornlager-1.11726744">Norge +trenger kornlager</a> (NRK Ytring 2014-06-07) Chr. Anton Smedshaug +forteller litt om Norges sårbare matsituasjon etter at Staten solgte +Norges kornlager.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.nrk.no/norge/pst-vil-overvake-datatastaturer-1.11583286">PST +vil overvåke datatastaturer</a> (NRK 2014-03-04) - PST ønsker retten +til å bryte seg inn på private PC-er og legge inn spionprogrammer. +Hvilket nok vil gjøre Linux mer populært, men gjør at en i enda mindre +grad enn i dag kan stole på datamaskiner - neppe en god ide for +samfunnet totalt sett.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.osloby.no/nyheter/Ruter-fremstar-som-et-pobelvelde-7490624.html">«Ruter +fremstår som et pøbelvelde»</a> (OsloBy 2014-03-05) - et eksempel på +hvordan kollektivtransportselskapet i Oslo håndterer sine kunder.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.dagbladet.no/2014/03/05/nyheter/dbtv/reklame/clear_channel/32123808/">Clear +Channel nektet å vise Greenpeace-reklame i Oslo</a> (Dagbladet +2014-03-05) - forteller litt om hvordan hvilke budskap som når ut i +det offentlige rom kontrolleres i Norge.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.dagbladet.no/2014/03/06/kultur/meninger/debattinnlegg/kronikk/22_juli/32175854/">Svarte +ikke på kritikken</a> (Dagbladet 2014-03-06) - innlegg fra Norsk +presseforbund der de nok en gang tar opp det forkastelige i at +politiet nå har full tilgang til å bedrive telefonkontroll av +advokater.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/uriks/Putin-spiller-poker_-ikke-sjakk-I-sjakk-har-man-regler-7495368.html">«Putin +spiller poker, ikke sjakk. I sjakk har man regler.»</a> (Aftenposten +2014-03-08) - sjakklegenden Kasparov forklarer litt om hvordan han ser +at Russlands politikk fungerer, blant annet i lys av started av +Ukraina-krisen.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/kronikker/I-seng-med-fienden-7492605.html">I +seng med fienden</a> (Aftenposten 2014-03-10) - kronikk fra Eirik +H. Vinje om hvordan menn og kvinner settes opp mot hverandre i det +offentlige ordskiftet, kanskje på sviktende grunnlag.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/amagasinet/Hvor-er-elevene-7501690.html">Fritt +frem for skulk</a> (Aftenposten 2014-03-14) - skildring av hvordan +norske elever i dag ikke lenger har rimelig krav om oppmøte på +skolen.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/digital/Datalagringsdirektiv-avslorte-abort_-sykdom-og-vapenkjop--7503014.html">«Datalagringsdirektiv» +avslørte abort, sykdom og våpenkjøp</a> (Aftenposten 2014-03-14) - om +hvordan forskere har dokumentert hvordan innsamling av metadata om +telefoni og Internett-bruk kan være svært avslørende.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.dagbladet.no/2014/03/14/kultur/meninger/ideer/lordagskommentaren/agnes_ravatn/32302856/">Konsentrasjonssvikt +på pensum</a> (Dagbladet 2014-03-14) - Kommentar om hvordan (feil) +bruk IKT i skolen kan ødelegge mer enn det bidrar til læring.</li> + +<li><a href="http://doremusnor.wordpress.com/2014/02/09/reservasjonsrettsstaten/">Reservasjonsrettsstaten</a> +(blogg fra Doremus 2014-02-09) - morsom beskrivelse om hvordan +regjeringens forslag til reservasjonsrett for leger kan utvides til å +gjelde alles samvittighet.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/kronikker/Autoritar-gjokunge-7514915.html">Autoritær +gjøkunge</a> (Aftenposten 2014-03-25) - Kronikk av Bjørn Stærk om +snurpenots-overvåkningen som varsleren Snowden dokumenterte.</li> + +<li><a href="http://blogg.friprog.no/2014/03/leveransekrise-i-offentlig-sektor-mener-mike-bracken-executive-director-of-digital-in-the-cabinet-office/">Leveransekrise +i Offentlig sektor – mener Mike Bracken, Executive Director of Digital +in the Cabinet Office</a> (blogg fra Friprog-senteret 2014-03-26).</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.dagbladet.no/2014/03/26/kultur/meninger/kronikk/etiopia/avlytting/32499687/">Norge +må stanse avlyttingen</a> (Dagbladet 2014-03-26) - leserinnlegg fra +Felix Horne der han ber om at Norge gjør en innsats for å få slutt på +overvåkning av innbyggerne som gjøres i Norge av Etiopiske +myndigheter.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/kronikker/Demokrati-er-ingen-naturlig-styreform-7521957.html">Demokrati +er ingen naturlig styreform</a> (Aftenposten 2014-04-01) - kronikk av +Stein Ringen om hvordan demokrati som styreform går tapt når +innbyggerne tar det for gitt.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.nrk.no/ytring/ytringsansvar-ere-enhver-tilladte_-1.11618934">Ytringsansvar +ere Enhver tilladte!</a> (NRK Ytring 2014-04-01) - innspill fra Trygve +Svensson og Helge Svare om at hver enkelt av oss har et ansvar for å +ytre oss i den offentlige debatten.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/Jeg-er-ingen-god-samfunnsborger-7527128.html">Jeg +er ingen god samfunnsborger</a> (Aftenposten 2014-04-16), kronikk av +Simen Tveitereid om alternative måter å motiveres i samfunnet, uten å +hige etter mer penger og flere ting.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/debatt/Avgjorelsen-far-umiddelbar-virkning-7531811.html">DLD-dommen: +Avgjørelsen får umiddelbar virkning</a> (Aftenposten 2014-04-10) - +kronikk av Høyres Michael Tetzschner, en partiutbryter i DLD-saken som +stemte nei til DLD i Stortinget i 2011.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.uhuru.biz/?p=1466">Datalagringsdirektivets +endelikt</a> (blogg fra John Wessel-Aas 2014-04-11) - oppsummering +av hvordan direktivet ble funnet ugyldig i EU-domstolen.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.vg.no/nyheter/meninger/kronikk-kapitulasjonspresidenten/a/10147713/">Kronikk: +Kapitulasjonspresidenten</a> (VG 2014-04-22) - kronikk av Einar +Kr. Steffenak om hvordan Stortingspresidenten og regjeringen viser sin +prinsippløshet i møte med Kina.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/kronikker/Innerst-inne-er-alle-nordmenn-7542617.html">Innerst +inne er alle nordmenn</a> (Aftenposten 2014-04-27) - kronikk fra Bjørn +Stærk om hvordan vi i Vesten i stor grad baserer oss på en fantasi om +at alle i verden bærer på en drøm om å bli som oss.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/viten/uviten/Det-italienske-senatet-gav-seg-selv-134-milliarder-euro-i-sluttpakke--7575312.html">Det +italienske senatet gav seg selv 134 milliarder euro i sluttpakke</a> +(Aftenposten 2014-06-19) - forsker Simen Gaure forteller hvordan +løgner og fantasi fra nettkilder i stor grad blir akseptert som +sannhet - antagelig også av deg og meg.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.dagbladet.no/2014/05/30/kultur/meninger/kronikk/skole/33576392/">Et +forsvar for bråkmakerne</a> (Dagbladet 2014-05-30) - kronikk av Dag +Øystein Nome som beskriver hvordan dagens skole ikke fungerer så godt +for mange elever.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.osloby.no/nyheter/Betalte-med-slitt-seddel---havnet-i-arresten-7617208.html">Betalte +med slitt seddel - havnet i arresten</a> (Osloby 2014-06-25)) - +dokumentasjon av Oslopolitiets angrep på vår alles rett til å ferdes +uten elektronisk sporing. Jeg bruker kontanter i så stor grad som +mulig da banken ikke har noe med hvor jeg er og hva jeg kjøper. Vi +som gjør dette risikerer som beskrevet overgrep som frihetsberøvelse +og registrering og lagring av fingeravtrykk og bilde i politiets +database over mistenkte.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/leder/Fredsprisen-til-Snowden-7620422.html">Fredsprisen +til Snowden</a> (Aftenposten 2014-06-28) - leder som forklarer hvorfor +varsleren Snowden bør få fredsprisen.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.dagbladet.no/2014/08/01/kultur/meninger/dbmener/leder1/34598010/">Strategi +for politistaten</a> (Dagbladet 2014-08-01) - leder som advarer om +sterke krefter som bruker terrortrusselen til å lirke Norge nærmere å +bli en politistat.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.nrk.no/ytring/vi-ma-tenke-nytt-om-narkotika-1.11859322">Vi +må tenke nytt om narkotika</a> (NRK Ytring 2014-08-03) - Mark Lewis +forklarer hvorfor legalisering og offentlig kontroll av +narkotikamarkedet er mye bedre enn å overlate det til kriminelle.</li> + + +</ul></p> + + + + + Debian Edu interview: Bernd Zeitzen + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Bernd_Zeitzen.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Bernd_Zeitzen.html + Thu, 31 Jul 2014 08:30:00 +0200 + <p>The complete and free “out of the box” software solution for +schools, <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / +Skolelinux</a>, is used quite a lot in Germany, and one of the people +involved is Bernd Zeitzen, who show up on the project mailing lists +from time to time with interesting questions and tips on how to adjust +the setup. I managed to interview him this summer.</p> + +<p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p> + +<p>My name is Bernd Zeitzen and I'm married with Hedda, a self +employed physiotherapist. My former profession is tool maker, but I +haven't worked for 30 years in this job. 30 years ago I started to +support my wife and become her officeworker and a few years later the +administrator for a small computer network, today based on Ubuntu +Server (Samba, OpenVPN). For her daily work she has to use Windows +Desktops because the software she needs to organize her business only +works with Windows . :-(</p> + +<p>In 1988 we started with one PC and DOS, then I learned to use +Windows 98, 2000, XP, …, 8, Ubuntu, MacOSX. Today we are running a +Linux server with 6 Windows clients and 10 persons (teacher of +children with special needs, speech therapist, occupational therapist, +psychologist and officeworkers) using our Samba shares via OpenVPN to +work with the documentations of our patients.</p> + +<p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu +project?</strong></p> + +<p>Two years ago a friend of mine asked me, if I want to get a job in +his school (<a href="http://www.gymnasium-harsewinkel.de/">Gymnasium +Harsewinkel</a>). They started with Skolelinux / Debian Edu and they +were looking for people to give support to the teachers using the +software and the network and teaching the pupils increasing their +computer skills in optional lessons. I'm spending 4-6 hours a week +with this job.</p> + +<p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian +Edu?</strong></p> + +<p>The independence.</p> + +<p>First: Every person is allowed to use, share and develop the +software. Even if you are poor, you are allowed to use the software +included in Skolelinux/Debian Edu and all the other Free Software.</p> + +<p>Second: The software runs on old machines and this gives us the +possibility to recycle computers, weeded out from offices. The +servers and desktops are running for more than two years and they are +working reliable. </p> + +<p>We have two servers (one tjener and one terminal server), 45 +workstations in three classrooms and seven laptops as a mobile +solution for all classrooms. These machines are all booting from the +terminal server. In the moment we are installing 30 laptops as mobile +workstations. Then the pupils have the possibility to work with these +machines in their classrooms. Internet access is realized by a WLAN +router, connected to the schools network. This is all done without a +dedicated system administrator or a computer science teacher.</p> + +<p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian +Edu?</strong></p> + +<p>Teachers and pupils are Windows users. &lt;Irony on&gt; And Linux +isn't cool. It's software for freaks using the command line. &lt;Irony +off&gt; They don't realize the stability of the system. </p> + +<p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p> + +<p>Firefox, Thunderbird, LibreOffice, Ubuntu Server 12.04 (Samba, +Apache, MySQL, Joomla!, … and Skolelinux / Debian Edu)</p> + +<p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to +get schools to use free software?</strong></p> + +<p>In Germany we have the situation: every school is free to decide +which software they want to use. This decision is influenced by +teachers who learned to use Windows and MS Office. They buy a PC with +Windows preinstalled and an additional testing version of MS +Office. They don't know about the possibility to use Free Software +instead. Another problem are the publisher of school books. They +develop their software, added to the school books, for Windows.</p> + + + + + 98.6 percent done with the Norwegian draft translation of Free Culture + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/98_6_percent_done_with_the_Norwegian_draft_translation_of_Free_Culture.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/98_6_percent_done_with_the_Norwegian_draft_translation_of_Free_Culture.html + Wed, 23 Jul 2014 22:40:00 +0200 + <p>This summer I finally had time to continue working on the Norwegian +<a href="http://www.docbook.org/">docbook</a> version of the 2004 book +<a href="http://free-culture.cc/">Free Culture</a> by Lawrence Lessig, +to get a Norwegian text explaining the problems with todays copyright +law. Yesterday, I finally completed translated the book text. There +are still some foot/end notes left to translate, the colophon page +need to be rewritten, and a few words and phrases still need to be +translated, but the Norwegian text is ready for the first proof +reading. :) More spell checking is needed, and several illustrations +need to be cleaned up. The work stopped up because I had to give +priority to other projects the last year, and the progress graph of +the translation show this very well:</p> + +<p><img width="80%" align="center" src="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig/raw/master/progress.png"></p> + +<p>If you want to read the result, check out the +<a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig">github</a> +project pages and the +<a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig/blob/master/archive/freeculture.nb.pdf?raw=true">PDF</a>, +<a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig/blob/master/archive/freeculture.nb.epub?raw=true">EPUB</a> +and HTML version available in the +<a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig/tree/master/archive">archive +directory</a>.</p> + +<p>Please report typos, bugs and improvements to the github project if +you find any.</p> + + + + + From English wiki to translated PDF and epub via Docbook + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/From_English_wiki_to_translated_PDF_and_epub_via_Docbook.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/From_English_wiki_to_translated_PDF_and_epub_via_Docbook.html + Tue, 17 Jun 2014 11:30:00 +0200 + <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux +project</a> provide an instruction manual for teachers, system +administrators and other users that contain useful tips for setting up +and maintaining a Debian Edu installation. This text is about how the +text processing of this manual is handled in the project.</p> + +<p>One goal of the project is to provide information in the native +language of its users, and for this we need to handle translations. +But we also want to make sure each language contain the same +information, so for this we need a good way to keep the translations +in sync. And we want it to be easy for our users to improve the +documentation, avoiding the need to learn special formats or tools to +contribute, and the obvious way to do this is to make it possible to +edit the documentation using a web browser. We also want it to be +easy for translators to keep the translation up to date, and give them +help in figuring out what need to be translated. Here is the list of +tools and the process we have found trying to reach all these +goals.</p> + +<p>We maintain the authoritative source of our manual in the +<a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/">Debian +wiki</a>, as several wiki pages written in English. It consist of one +front page with references to the different chapters, several pages +for each chapter, and finally one "collection page" gluing all the +chapters together into one large web page (aka +<a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/AllInOne">the +AllInOne page</a>). The AllInOne page is the one used for further +processing and translations. Thanks to the fact that the +<a href="http://moinmo.in/">MoinMoin</a> installation on +wiki.debian.org support exporting pages in +<a href="http://www.docbook.org/">the Docbook format</a>, we can fetch +the list of pages to export using the raw version of the AllInOne +page, loop over each of them to generate a Docbook XML version of the +manual. This process also download images and transform image +references to use the locally downloaded images. The generated +Docbook XML files are slightly broken, so some post-processing is done +using the <tt>documentation/scripts/get_manual</tt> program, and the +result is a nice Docbook XML file (debian-edu-wheezy-manual.xml) and +a handfull of images. The XML file can now be used to generate PDF, HTML +and epub versions of the English manual. This is the basic step of +our process, making PDF (using dblatex), HTML (using xsltproc) and +epub (using dbtoepub) version from Docbook XML, and the resulting files +are placed in the debian-edu-doc-en binary package.</p> + +<p>But English documentation is not enough for us. We want translated +documentation too, and we want to make it easy for translators to +track the English original. For this we use the +<a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/p/poxml.html">poxml</a> package, +which allow us to transform the English Docbook XML file into a +translation file (a .pot file), usable with the normal gettext based +translation tools used by those translating free software. The pot +file is used to create and maintain translation files (several .po +files), which the translations update with the native language +translations of all titles, paragraphs and blocks of text in the +original. The next step is combining the original English Docbook XML +and the translation file (say debian-edu-wheezy-manual.nb.po), to +create a translated Docbook XML file (in this case +debian-edu-wheezy-manual.nb.xml). This translated (or partly +translated, if the translation is not complete) Docbook XML file can +then be used like the original to create a PDF, HTML and epub version +of the documentation.</p> + +<p>The translators use different tools to edit the .po files. We +recommend using +<a href="http://www.kde.org/applications/development/lokalize/">lokalize</a>, +while some use emacs and vi, others can use web based editors like +<a href="http://pootle.translatehouse.org/">Poodle</a> or +<a href="https://www.transifex.com/">Transifex</a>. All we care about +is where the .po file end up, in our git repository. Updated +translations can either be committed directly to git, or submitted as +<a href="https://bugs.debian.org/src:debian-edu-doc">bug reports +against the debian-edu-doc package</a>.</p> + +<p>One challenge is images, which both might need to be translated (if +they show translated user applications), and are needed in different +formats when creating PDF and HTML versions (epub is a HTML version in +this regard). For this we transform the original PNG images to the +needed density and format during build, and have a way to provide +translated images by storing translated versions in +images/$LANGUAGECODE/. I am a bit unsure about the details here. The +package maintainers know more.</p> + +<p>If you wonder what the result look like, we provide +<a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/">the content +of the documentation packages on the web</a>. See for example the +<a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/it/debian-edu-wheezy-manual.pdf">Italian +PDF version</a> or the +<a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/de/debian-edu-wheezy-manual.html">German +HTML version</a>. We do not yet build the epub version by default, +but perhaps it will be done in the future.</p> + +<p>To learn more, check out +<a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/d/debian-edu-doc.html">the +debian-edu-doc package</a>, +<a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/">the +manual on the wiki</a> and +<a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/Translations">the +translation instructions</a> in the manual.</p> + + + Hvordan enkelt laste ned filmer fra NRK med den "nye" løsningen http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hvordan_enkelt_laste_ned_filmer_fra_NRK_med_den__nye__l_sningen.html @@ -17,7 +1044,8 @@ nettsted av og til for å se senere når jeg ikke er på nett, men oppskrift fra 2011</a> sluttet å fungere da NRK byttet avspillermetode. I dag fikk jeg endelig lett etter oppdatert løsning, og jeg er veldig glad for å fortelle at den enkleste måten å laste ned -innslag er å bruke siste versjon 2014.06.07 av youtube-dl. Støtten i +innslag er å bruke siste versjon 2014.06.07 av +<a href="http://rg3.github.io/youtube-dl/">youtube-dl</a>. Støtten i youtube-dl <a href="https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/2980">kom inn for 23 dager siden</a> og <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/y/youtube-dl.html">versjonen i @@ -25,10 +1053,11 @@ Debian</a> fungerer fint også som backport til Debian Wheezy. Det er et lite problem, det håndterer kun URLer med små bokstaver, men hvis en har en URL med store bokstaver kan en bare gjøre alle store om til små bokstaver for å få youtube-dl til å laste ned. Rapporterte -problemet nettopp til utviklerne, og antar de får fikset det -snart.</p> +nettopp +<a href="https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/2980">problemet til +utviklerne</a>, og antar de får fikset det snart.</p> -<p>Dermed er alt klart til å laste ned dokumentaren om +<p>Dermed er alt klart til å laste ned dokumentarene om <a href="http://tv.nrk.no/program/KOID23005014/usas-hemmelige-avlytting">USAs hemmelige avlytting</a> og <a href="http://tv.nrk.no/program/KOID23005114/selskapene-bak-usas-avlytting">Selskapene @@ -39,6 +1068,20 @@ alle å se disse, sammen med <a href="http://media.ccc.de/browse/congress/2013/30C3_-_5713_-_en_-_saal_2_-_201312301130_-_to_protect_and_infect_part_2_-_jacob.html">foredraget til Jacob Appelbaum på siste CCC-konferanse</a>, for å forstå mer om hvordan overvåkningen av borgerne brer om seg.</p> + +<p>Takk til gode venner på foreningen NUUGs IRC-kanal +<a href="irc://irc.freenode.net/%23nuug">#nuug på irc.freenode.net</a> +for tipsene som fikk meg i mål</a>.</p> + +<p><strong>Oppdatering 2014-06-17</strong>: Etter at jeg publiserte +denne, ble jeg tipset om bloggposten +"<a href="http://ingvar.blog.redpill-linpro.com/2012/05/31/downloading-hd-content-from-tv-nrk-no/">Downloading +HD content from tv.nrk.no</a>" av Ingvar Hagelund, som har alternativ +implementasjon og tips for å lage mkv-fil med undertekstene inkludert. +Kanskje den passer bedre for deg? I tillegg ble feilen i youtube-dl +ble fikset litt senere ut på dagen i går, samt at youtube-dl fikk +støtte for å laste ned undertitler. Takk til Anders Einar Hilden for +god innsats og youtube-dl-utviklerne for rask respons.</p> @@ -96,816 +1139,5 @@ some or all of these features, please let me know.</p> - - Half the Coverity issues in Gnash fixed in the next release - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Half_the_Coverity_issues_in_Gnash_fixed_in_the_next_release.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Half_the_Coverity_issues_in_Gnash_fixed_in_the_next_release.html - Tue, 29 Apr 2014 14:20:00 +0200 - <p>I've been following <a href="http://www.getgnash.org/">the Gnash -project</a> for quite a while now. It is a free software -implementation of Adobe Flash, both a standalone player and a browser -plugin. Gnash implement support for the AVM1 format (and not the -newer AVM2 format - see -<a href="http://lightspark.github.io/">Lightspark</a> for that one), -allowing several flash based sites to work. Thanks to the friendly -developers at Youtube, it also work with Youtube videos, because the -Javascript code at Youtube detect Gnash and serve a AVM1 player to -those users. :) Would be great if someone found time to implement AVM2 -support, but it has not happened yet. If you install both Lightspark -and Gnash, Lightspark will invoke Gnash if it find a AVM1 flash file, -so you can get both handled as free software. Unfortunately, -Lightspark so far only implement a small subset of AVM2, and many -sites do not work yet.</p> - -<p>A few months ago, I started looking at -<a href="http://scan.coverity.com/">Coverity</a>, the static source -checker used to find heaps and heaps of bugs in free software (thanks -to the donation of a scanning service to free software projects by the -company developing this non-free code checker), and Gnash was one of -the projects I decided to check out. Coverity is able to find lock -errors, memory errors, dead code and more. A few days ago they even -extended it to also be able to find the heartbleed bug in OpenSSL. -There are heaps of checks being done on the instrumented code, and the -amount of bogus warnings is quite low compared to the other static -code checkers I have tested over the years.</p> - -<p>Since a few weeks ago, I've been working with the other Gnash -developers squashing bugs discovered by Coverity. I was quite happy -today when I checked the current status and saw that of the 777 issues -detected so far, 374 are marked as fixed. This make me confident that -the next Gnash release will be more stable and more dependable than -the previous one. Most of the reported issues were and are in the -test suite, but it also found a few in the rest of the code.</p> - -<p>If you want to help out, you find us on -<a href="https://lists.gnu.org/mailman/listinfo/gnash-dev">the -gnash-dev mailing list</a> and on -<a href="irc://irc.freenode.net/#gnash">the #gnash channel on -irc.freenode.net IRC server</a>.</p> - - - - - Install hardware dependent packages using tasksel (Isenkram 0.7) - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Install_hardware_dependent_packages_using_tasksel__Isenkram_0_7_.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Install_hardware_dependent_packages_using_tasksel__Isenkram_0_7_.html - Wed, 23 Apr 2014 14:50:00 +0200 - <p>It would be nice if it was easier in Debian to get all the hardware -related packages relevant for the computer installed automatically. -So I implemented one, using -<a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/isenkram">my Isenkram -package</a>. To use it, install the tasksel and isenkram packages and -run tasksel as user root. You should be presented with a new option, -"Hardware specific packages (autodetected by isenkram)". When you -select it, tasksel will install the packages isenkram claim is fit for -the current hardware, hot pluggable or not.<p> - -<p>The implementation is in two files, one is the tasksel menu entry -description, and the other is the script used to extract the list of -packages to install. The first part is in -<tt>/usr/share/tasksel/descs/isenkram.desc</tt> and look like -this:</p> - -<p><blockquote><pre> -Task: isenkram -Section: hardware -Description: Hardware specific packages (autodetected by isenkram) - Based on the detected hardware various hardware specific packages are - proposed. -Test-new-install: mark show -Relevance: 8 -Packages: for-current-hardware -</pre></blockquote></p> - -<p>The second part is in -<tt>/usr/lib/tasksel/packages/for-current-hardware</tt> and look like -this:</p> - -<p><blockquote><pre> -#!/bin/sh -# -( - isenkram-lookup - isenkram-autoinstall-firmware -l -) | sort -u -</pre></blockquote></p> - -<p>All in all, a very short and simple implementation making it -trivial to install the hardware dependent package we all may want to -have installed on our machines. I've not been able to find a way to -get tasksel to tell you exactly which packages it plan to install -before doing the installation. So if you are curious or careful, -check the output from the isenkram-* command line tools first.</p> - -<p>The information about which packages are handling which hardware is -fetched either from the isenkram package itself in -/usr/share/isenkram/, from git.debian.org or from the APT package -database (using the Modaliases header). The APT package database -parsing have caused a nasty resource leak in the isenkram daemon (bugs -<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/719837">#719837</a> and -<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/730704">#730704</a>). The cause is in -the python-apt code (bug -<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/745487">#745487</a>), but using a -workaround I was able to get rid of the file descriptor leak and -reduce the memory leak from ~30 MiB per hardware detection down to -around 2 MiB per hardware detection. It should make the desktop -daemon a lot more useful. The fix is in version 0.7 uploaded to -unstable today.</p> - -<p>I believe the current way of mapping hardware to packages in -Isenkram is is a good draft, but in the future I expect isenkram to -use the AppStream data source for this. A proposal for getting proper -AppStream support into Debian is floating around as -<a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DEP-11">DEP-11</a>, and -<a href="https://wiki.debian.org/SummerOfCode2014/Projects#SummerOfCode2014.2FProjects.2FAppStreamDEP11Implementation.AppStream.2FDEP-11_for_the_Debian_Archive">GSoC -project</a> will take place this summer to improve the situation. I -look forward to seeing the result, and welcome patches for isenkram to -start using the information when it is ready.</p> - -<p>If you want your package to map to some specific hardware, either -add a "Xb-Modaliases" header to your control file like I did in -<a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/pymissile">the pymissile -package</a> or submit a bug report with the details to the isenkram -package. See also -<a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram/">all my -blog posts tagged isenkram</a> for details on the notation. I expect -the information will be migrated to AppStream eventually, but for the -moment I got no better place to store it.</p> - - - - - FreedomBox milestone - all packages now in Debian Sid - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/FreedomBox_milestone___all_packages_now_in_Debian_Sid.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/FreedomBox_milestone___all_packages_now_in_Debian_Sid.html - Tue, 15 Apr 2014 22:10:00 +0200 - <p>The <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/FreedomBox">Freedombox -project</a> is working on providing the software and hardware to make -it easy for non-technical people to host their data and communication -at home, and being able to communicate with their friends and family -encrypted and away from prying eyes. It is still going strong, and -today a major mile stone was reached.</p> - -<p>Today, the last of the packages currently used by the project to -created the system images were accepted into Debian Unstable. It was -the freedombox-setup package, which is used to configure the images -during build and on the first boot. Now all one need to get going is -the build code from the freedom-maker git repository and packages from -Debian. And once the freedombox-setup package enter testing, we can -build everything directly from Debian. :)</p> - -<p>Some key packages used by Freedombox are -<a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/freedombox-setup">freedombox-setup</a>, -<a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/plinth">plinth</a>, -<a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/pagekite">pagekite</a>, -<a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/tor">tor</a>, -<a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/privoxy">privoxy</a>, -<a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/owncloud">owncloud</a> and -<a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/dnsmasq">dnsmasq</a>. There -are plans to integrate more packages into the setup. User -documentation is maintained on the Debian wiki. Please -<a href="https://wiki.debian.org/FreedomBox/Manual/Jessie">check out -the manual</a> and help us improve it.</p> - -<p>To test for yourself and create boot images with the FreedomBox -setup, run this on a Debian machine using a user with sudo rights to -become root:</p> - -<p><pre> -sudo apt-get install git vmdebootstrap mercurial python-docutils \ - mktorrent extlinux virtualbox qemu-user-static binfmt-support \ - u-boot-tools -git clone http://anonscm.debian.org/git/freedombox/freedom-maker.git \ - freedom-maker -make -C freedom-maker dreamplug-image raspberry-image virtualbox-image -</pre></p> - -<p>Root access is needed to run debootstrap and mount loopback -devices. See the README in the freedom-maker git repo for more -details on the build. If you do not want all three images, trim the -make line. Note that the virtualbox-image target is not really -virtualbox specific. It create a x86 image usable in kvm, qemu, -vmware and any other x86 virtual machine environment. You might need -the version of vmdebootstrap in Jessie to get the build working, as it -include fixes for a race condition with kpartx.</p> - -<p>If you instead want to install using a Debian CD and the preseed -method, boot a Debian Wheezy ISO and use this boot argument to load -the preseed values:</p> - -<p><pre> -url=<a href="http://www.reinholdtsen.name/freedombox/preseed-jessie.dat">http://www.reinholdtsen.name/freedombox/preseed-jessie.dat</a> -</pre></p> - -<p>I have not tested it myself the last few weeks, so I do not know if -it still work.</p> - -<p>If you wonder how to help, one task you could look at is using -systemd as the boot system. It will become the default for Linux in -Jessie, so we need to make sure it is usable on the Freedombox. I did -a simple test a few weeks ago, and noticed dnsmasq failed to start -during boot when using systemd. I suspect there are other problems -too. :) To detect problems, there is a test suite included, which can -be run from the plinth web interface.</p> - -<p>Give it a go and let us know how it goes on the mailing list, and help -us get the new release published. :) Please join us on -<a href="irc://irc.debian.org:6667/%23freedombox">IRC (#freedombox on -irc.debian.org)</a> and -<a href="http://lists.alioth.debian.org/mailman/listinfo/freedombox-discuss">the -mailing list</a> if you want to help make this vision come true.</p> - - - - - Språkkoder for POSIX locale i Norge - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Spr_kkoder_for_POSIX_locale_i_Norge.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Spr_kkoder_for_POSIX_locale_i_Norge.html - Fri, 11 Apr 2014 21:30:00 +0200 - <p>For 12 år siden, skrev jeg et lite notat om -<a href="http://i18n.skolelinux.no/localekoder.txt">bruk av språkkoder -i Norge</a>. Jeg ble nettopp minnet på dette da jeg fikk spørsmål om -notatet fortsatt var aktuelt, og tenkte det var greit å repetere hva -som fortsatt gjelder. Det jeg skrev da er fortsatt like aktuelt.</p> - -<p>Når en velger språk i programmer på unix, så velger en blant mange -språkkoder. For språk i Norge anbefales følgende språkkoder (anbefalt -locale i parantes):</p> - -<p><dl> -<dt>nb (nb_NO)</dt><dd>Bokmål i Norge</dd> -<dt>nn (nn_NO)</dt><dd>Nynorsk i Norge</dd> -<dt>se (se_NO)</dt><dd>Nordsamisk i Norge</dd> -</dl></p> - -<p>Alle programmer som bruker andre koder bør endres.</p> - -<p>Språkkoden bør brukes når .po-filer navngis og installeres. Dette -er ikke det samme som locale-koden. For Norsk Bokmål, så bør filene -være navngitt nb.po, mens locale (LANG) bør være nb_NO.</p> - -<p>Hvis vi ikke får standardisert de kodene i alle programmene med -norske oversettelser, så er det umulig å gi LANG-variablen ett innhold -som fungerer for alle programmer.</p> - -<p>Språkkodene er de offisielle kodene fra ISO 639, og bruken av dem i -forbindelse med POSIX localer er standardisert i RFC 3066 og ISO -15897. Denne anbefalingen er i tråd med de angitte standardene.</p> - -<p>Følgende koder er eller har vært i bruk som locale-verdier for -"norske" språk. Disse bør unngås, og erstattes når de oppdages:</p> - -<p><table> -<tr><td>norwegian</td><td>-> nb_NO</td></tr> -<tr><td>bokmål </td><td>-> nb_NO</td></tr> -<tr><td>bokmal </td><td>-> nb_NO</td></tr> -<tr><td>nynorsk </td><td>-> nn_NO</td></tr> -<tr><td>no </td><td>-> nb_NO</td></tr> -<tr><td>no_NO </td><td>-> nb_NO</td></tr> -<tr><td>no_NY </td><td>-> nn_NO</td></tr> -<tr><td>sme_NO </td><td>-> se_NO</td></tr> -</table></p> - -<p>Merk at når det gjelder de samiske språkene, at se_NO i praksis -henviser til nordsamisk i Norge, mens f.eks. smj_NO henviser til -lulesamisk. Dette notatet er dog ikke ment å gi råd rundt samiske -språkkoder, der gjør -<a href="http://www.divvun.no/">Divvun-prosjektet</a> en bedre -jobb.</p> - -<p><strong>Referanser:</strong></p> - -<ul> - - <li><a href="http://www.rfc-base.org/rfc-3066.html">RFC 3066 - Tags - for the Identification of Languages</a> (Erstatter RFC 1766)</li> - - <li><a href="http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/langcodes.html">ISO - 639</a> - Codes for the Representation of Names of Languages</li> - - <li><a href="http://std.dkuug.dk/jtc1/sc22/wg20/docs/n897-14652w25.pdf">ISO - DTR 14652</a> - locale-standard Specification method for cultural - conventions</li> - - <li><a href="http://std.dkuug.dk/jtc1/sc22/wg20/docs/n610.pdf">ISO - 15897: Registration procedures for cultural elements (cultural - registry)</a>, - <a href="http://std.dkuug.dk/jtc1/sc22/wg20/docs/n849-15897wd6.pdf">(nytt - draft)</a></li> - - <li><a href="http://std.dkuug.dk/jtc1/sc22/wg20/">ISO/IEC - JTC1/SC22/WG20</a> - Gruppen for i18n-standardisering i ISO</li> - -<ul> - - - - - S3QL, a locally mounted cloud file system - nice free software - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/S3QL__a_locally_mounted_cloud_file_system___nice_free_software.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/S3QL__a_locally_mounted_cloud_file_system___nice_free_software.html - Wed, 9 Apr 2014 11:30:00 +0200 - <p>For a while now, I have been looking for a sensible offsite backup -solution for use at home. My requirements are simple, it must be -cheap and locally encrypted (in other words, I keep the encryption -keys, the storage provider do not have access to my private files). -One idea me and my friends had many years ago, before the cloud -storage providers showed up, was to use Google mail as storage, -writing a Linux block device storing blocks as emails in the mail -service provided by Google, and thus get heaps of free space. On top -of this one can add encryption, RAID and volume management to have -lots of (fairly slow, I admit that) cheap and encrypted storage. But -I never found time to implement such system. But the last few weeks I -have looked at a system called -<a href="https://bitbucket.org/nikratio/s3ql/">S3QL</a>, a locally -mounted network backed file system with the features I need.</p> - -<p>S3QL is a fuse file system with a local cache and cloud storage, -handling several different storage providers, any with Amazon S3, -Google Drive or OpenStack API. There are heaps of such storage -providers. S3QL can also use a local directory as storage, which -combined with sshfs allow for file storage on any ssh server. S3QL -include support for encryption, compression, de-duplication, snapshots -and immutable file systems, allowing me to mount the remote storage as -a local mount point, look at and use the files as if they were local, -while the content is stored in the cloud as well. This allow me to -have a backup that should survive fire. The file system can not be -shared between several machines at the same time, as only one can -mount it at the time, but any machine with the encryption key and -access to the storage service can mount it if it is unmounted.</p> - -<p>It is simple to use. I'm using it on Debian Wheezy, where the -package is included already. So to get started, run <tt>apt-get -install s3ql</tt>. Next, pick a storage provider. I ended up picking -Greenqloud, after reading their nice recipe on -<a href="https://greenqloud.zendesk.com/entries/44611757-How-To-Use-S3QL-to-mount-a-StorageQloud-bucket-on-Debian-Wheezy">how -to use S3QL with their Amazon S3 service</a>, because I trust the laws -in Iceland more than those in USA when it come to keeping my personal -data safe and private, and thus would rather spend money on a company -in Iceland. Another nice recipe is available from the article -<a href="http://www.admin-magazine.com/HPC/Articles/HPC-Cloud-Storage">S3QL -Filesystem for HPC Storage</a> by Jeff Layton in the HPC section of -Admin magazine. When the provider is picked, figure out how to get -the API key needed to connect to the storage API. With Greencloud, -the key did not show up until I had added payment details to my -account.</p> - -<p>Armed with the API access details, it is time to create the file -system. First, create a new bucket in the cloud. This bucket is the -file system storage area. I picked a bucket name reflecting the -machine that was going to store data there, but any name will do. -I'll refer to it as <tt>bucket-name</tt> below. In addition, one need -the API login and password, and a locally created password. Store it -all in ~root/.s3ql/authinfo2 like this: - -<p><blockquote><pre> -[s3c] -storage-url: s3c://s.greenqloud.com:443/bucket-name -backend-login: API-login -backend-password: API-password -fs-passphrase: local-password -</pre></blockquote></p> - -<p>I create my local passphrase using <tt>pwget 50</tt> or similar, -but any sensible way to create a fairly random password should do it. -Armed with these details, it is now time to run mkfs, entering the API -details and password to create it:</p> - -<p><blockquote><pre> -# mkdir -m 700 /var/lib/s3ql-cache -# mkfs.s3ql --cachedir /var/lib/s3ql-cache --authfile /root/.s3ql/authinfo2 \ - --ssl s3c://s.greenqloud.com:443/bucket-name -Enter backend login: -Enter backend password: -Before using S3QL, make sure to read the user's guide, especially -the 'Important Rules to Avoid Loosing Data' section. -Enter encryption password: -Confirm encryption password: -Generating random encryption key... -Creating metadata tables... -Dumping metadata... -..objects.. -..blocks.. -..inodes.. -..inode_blocks.. -..symlink_targets.. -..names.. -..contents.. -..ext_attributes.. -Compressing and uploading metadata... -Wrote 0.00 MB of compressed metadata. -# </pre></blockquote></p> - -<p>The next step is mounting the file system to make the storage available. - -<p><blockquote><pre> -# mount.s3ql --cachedir /var/lib/s3ql-cache --authfile /root/.s3ql/authinfo2 \ - --ssl --allow-root s3c://s.greenqloud.com:443/bucket-name /s3ql -Using 4 upload threads. -Downloading and decompressing metadata... -Reading metadata... -..objects.. -..blocks.. -..inodes.. -..inode_blocks.. -..symlink_targets.. -..names.. -..contents.. -..ext_attributes.. -Mounting filesystem... -# df -h /s3ql -Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on -s3c://s.greenqloud.com:443/bucket-name 1.0T 0 1.0T 0% /s3ql -# -</pre></blockquote></p> - -<p>The file system is now ready for use. I use rsync to store my -backups in it, and as the metadata used by rsync is downloaded at -mount time, no network traffic (and storage cost) is triggered by -running rsync. To unmount, one should not use the normal umount -command, as this will not flush the cache to the cloud storage, but -instead running the umount.s3ql command like this: - -<p><blockquote><pre> -# umount.s3ql /s3ql -# -</pre></blockquote></p> - -<p>There is a fsck command available to check the file system and -correct any problems detected. This can be used if the local server -crashes while the file system is mounted, to reset the "already -mounted" flag. This is what it look like when processing a working -file system:</p> - -<p><blockquote><pre> -# fsck.s3ql --force --ssl s3c://s.greenqloud.com:443/bucket-name -Using cached metadata. -File system seems clean, checking anyway. -Checking DB integrity... -Creating temporary extra indices... -Checking lost+found... -Checking cached objects... -Checking names (refcounts)... -Checking contents (names)... -Checking contents (inodes)... -Checking contents (parent inodes)... -Checking objects (reference counts)... -Checking objects (backend)... -..processed 5000 objects so far.. -..processed 10000 objects so far.. -..processed 15000 objects so far.. -Checking objects (sizes)... -Checking blocks (referenced objects)... -Checking blocks (refcounts)... -Checking inode-block mapping (blocks)... -Checking inode-block mapping (inodes)... -Checking inodes (refcounts)... -Checking inodes (sizes)... -Checking extended attributes (names)... -Checking extended attributes (inodes)... -Checking symlinks (inodes)... -Checking directory reachability... -Checking unix conventions... -Checking referential integrity... -Dropping temporary indices... -Backing up old metadata... -Dumping metadata... -..objects.. -..blocks.. -..inodes.. -..inode_blocks.. -..symlink_targets.. -..names.. -..contents.. -..ext_attributes.. -Compressing and uploading metadata... -Wrote 0.89 MB of compressed metadata. -# -</pre></blockquote></p> - -<p>Thanks to the cache, working on files that fit in the cache is very -quick, about the same speed as local file access. Uploading large -amount of data is to me limited by the bandwidth out of and into my -house. Uploading 685 MiB with a 100 MiB cache gave me 305 kiB/s, -which is very close to my upload speed, and downloading the same -Debian installation ISO gave me 610 kiB/s, close to my download speed. -Both were measured using <tt>dd</tt>. So for me, the bottleneck is my -network, not the file system code. I do not know what a good cache -size would be, but suspect that the cache should e larger than your -working set.</p> - -<p>I mentioned that only one machine can mount the file system at the -time. If another machine try, it is told that the file system is -busy:</p> - -<p><blockquote><pre> -# mount.s3ql --cachedir /var/lib/s3ql-cache --authfile /root/.s3ql/authinfo2 \ - --ssl --allow-root s3c://s.greenqloud.com:443/bucket-name /s3ql -Using 8 upload threads. -Backend reports that fs is still mounted elsewhere, aborting. -# -</pre></blockquote></p> - -<p>The file content is uploaded when the cache is full, while the -metadata is uploaded once every 24 hour by default. To ensure the -file system content is flushed to the cloud, one can either umount the -file system, or ask S3QL to flush the cache and metadata using -s3qlctrl: - -<p><blockquote><pre> -# s3qlctrl upload-meta /s3ql -# s3qlctrl flushcache /s3ql -# -</pre></blockquote></p> - -<p>If you are curious about how much space your data uses in the -cloud, and how much compression and deduplication cut down on the -storage usage, you can use s3qlstat on the mounted file system to get -a report:</p> - -<p><blockquote><pre> -# s3qlstat /s3ql -Directory entries: 9141 -Inodes: 9143 -Data blocks: 8851 -Total data size: 22049.38 MB -After de-duplication: 21955.46 MB (99.57% of total) -After compression: 21877.28 MB (99.22% of total, 99.64% of de-duplicated) -Database size: 2.39 MB (uncompressed) -(some values do not take into account not-yet-uploaded dirty blocks in cache) -# -</pre></blockquote></p> - -<p>I mentioned earlier that there are several possible suppliers of -storage. I did not try to locate them all, but am aware of at least -<a href="https://www.greenqloud.com/">Greenqloud</a>, -<a href="http://drive.google.com/">Google Drive</a>, -<a href="http://aws.amazon.com/s3/">Amazon S3 web serivces</a>, -<a href="http://www.rackspace.com/">Rackspace</a> and -<a href="http://crowncloud.net/">Crowncloud</A>. The latter even -accept payment in Bitcoin. Pick one that suit your need. Some of -them provide several GiB of free storage, but the prize models are -quite different and you will have to figure out what suits you -best.</p> - -<p>While researching this blog post, I had a look at research papers -and posters discussing the S3QL file system. There are several, which -told me that the file system is getting a critical check by the -science community and increased my confidence in using it. One nice -poster is titled -"<a href="http://www.lanl.gov/orgs/adtsc/publications/science_highlights_2013/docs/pg68_69.pdf">An -Innovative Parallel Cloud Storage System using OpenStack’s SwiftObject -Store and Transformative Parallel I/O Approach</a>" by Hsing-Bung -Chen, Benjamin McClelland, David Sherrill, Alfred Torrez, Parks Fields -and Pamela Smith. Please have a look.</p> - -<p>Given my problems with different file systems earlier, I decided to -check out the mounted S3QL file system to see if it would be usable as -a home directory (in other word, that it provided POSIX semantics when -it come to locking and umask handling etc). Running -<a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Testing_if_a_file_system_can_be_used_for_home_directories___.html">my -test code to check file system semantics</a>, I was happy to discover that -no error was found. So the file system can be used for home -directories, if one chooses to do so.</p> - -<p>If you do not want a locally file system, and want something that -work without the Linux fuse file system, I would like to mention the -<a href="http://www.tarsnap.com/">Tarsnap service</a>, which also -provide locally encrypted backup using a command line client. It have -a nicer access control system, where one can split out read and write -access, allowing some systems to write to the backup and others to -only read from it.</p> - -<p>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my -activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address -<b><a href="bitcoin:15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b&label=PetterReinholdtsenBlog">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b</a></b>.</p> - - - - - EU-domstolen bekreftet i dag at datalagringsdirektivet er ulovlig - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/EU_domstolen_bekreftet_i_dag_at_datalagringsdirektivet_er_ulovlig.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/EU_domstolen_bekreftet_i_dag_at_datalagringsdirektivet_er_ulovlig.html - Tue, 8 Apr 2014 11:30:00 +0200 - <p>I dag kom endelig avgjørelsen fra EU-domstolen om -datalagringsdirektivet, som ikke overraskende ble dømt ulovlig og i -strid med borgernes grunnleggende rettigheter. Hvis du lurer på hva -datalagringsdirektivet er for noe, så er det -<a href="http://tv.nrk.no/program/koid75005313/tema-dine-digitale-spor-datalagringsdirektivet">en -flott dokumentar tilgjengelig hos NRK</a> som jeg tidligere -<a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Dokumentaren_om_Datalagringsdirektivet_sendes_endelig_p__NRK.html">har -anbefalt</a> alle å se.</p> - -<p>Her er et liten knippe nyhetsoppslag om saken, og jeg regner med at -det kommer flere ut over dagen. Flere kan finnes -<a href="http://www.mylder.no/?drill=datalagringsdirektivet&intern=1">via -mylder</a>.</p> - -<p><ul> - -<li><a href="http://e24.no/digital/eu-domstolen-datalagringsdirektivet-er-ugyldig/22879592">EU-domstolen: -Datalagringsdirektivet er ugyldig</a> - e24.no 2014-04-08 - -<li><a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/iriks/EU-domstolen-Datalagringsdirektivet-er-ulovlig-7529032.html">EU-domstolen: -Datalagringsdirektivet er ulovlig</a> - aftenposten.no 2014-04-08 - -<li><a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/iriks/politikk/Krever-DLD-stopp-i-Norge-7530086.html">Krever -DLD-stopp i Norge</a> - aftenposten.no 2014-04-08 - -<li><a href="http://www.p4.no/story.aspx?id=566431">Apenes: - En -gledens dag</a> - p4.no 2014-04-08 - -<li><a href="http://www.nrk.no/norge/_-datalagringsdirektivet-er-ugyldig-1.11655929">EU-domstolen: -– Datalagringsdirektivet er ugyldig</a> - nrk.no 2014-04-08</li> - -<li><a href="http://www.vg.no/nyheter/utenriks/data-og-nett/eu-domstolen-datalagringsdirektivet-er-ugyldig/a/10130280/">EU-domstolen: -Datalagringsdirektivet er ugyldig</a> - vg.no 2014-04-08</li> - -<li><a href="http://www.dagbladet.no/2014/04/08/nyheter/innenriks/datalagringsdirektivet/personvern/32711646/">- -Vi bør skrote hele datalagringsdirektivet</a> - dagbladet.no -2014-04-08</li> - -<li><a href="http://www.digi.no/928137/eu-domstolen-dld-er-ugyldig">EU-domstolen: -DLD er ugyldig</a> - digi.no 2014-04-08</li> - -<li><a href="http://www.irishtimes.com/business/sectors/technology/european-court-declares-data-retention-directive-invalid-1.1754150">European -court declares data retention directive invalid</a> - irishtimes.com -2014-04-08</li> - -<li><a href="http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/04/08/us-eu-data-ruling-idUSBREA370F020140408?feedType=RSS">EU -court rules against requirement to keep data of telecom users</a> - -reuters.com 2014-04-08</li> - -</ul> -</p> - -<p>Jeg synes det er veldig fint at nok en stemme slår fast at -totalitær overvåkning av befolkningen er uakseptabelt, men det er -fortsatt like viktig å beskytte privatsfæren som før, da de -teknologiske mulighetene fortsatt finnes og utnyttes, og jeg tror -innsats i prosjekter som -<a href="https://wiki.debian.org/FreedomBox">Freedombox</a> og -<a href="http://www.dugnadsnett.no/">Dugnadsnett</a> er viktigere enn -noen gang.</p> - -<p><strong>Update 2014-04-08 12:10</strong>: Kronerullingen for å -stoppe datalagringsdirektivet i Norge gjøres hos foreningen -<a href="http://www.digitaltpersonvern.no/">Digitalt Personvern</a>, -som har samlet inn 843 215,- så langt men trenger nok mye mer hvis - -ikke Høyre og Arbeiderpartiet bytter mening i saken. Det var -<a href="http://www.holderdeord.no/parliament-issues/48650">kun -partinene Høyre og Arbeiderpartiet</a> som stemte for -Datalagringsdirektivet, og en av dem må bytte mening for at det skal -bli flertall mot i Stortinget. Se mer om saken -<a href="http://www.holderdeord.no/issues/69-innfore-datalagringsdirektivet">Holder -de ord</a>.</p> - - - - - ReactOS Windows clone - nice free software - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/ReactOS_Windows_clone___nice_free_software.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/ReactOS_Windows_clone___nice_free_software.html - Tue, 1 Apr 2014 12:10:00 +0200 - <p>Microsoft have announced that Windows XP reaches its end of life -2014-04-08, in 7 days. But there are heaps of machines still running -Windows XP, and depending on Windows XP to run their applications, and -upgrading will be expensive, both when it comes to money and when it -comes to the amount of effort needed to migrate from Windows XP to a -new operating system. Some obvious options (buy new a Windows -machine, buy a MacOSX machine, install Linux on the existing machine) -are already well known and covered elsewhere. Most of them involve -leaving the user applications installed on Windows XP behind and -trying out replacements or updated versions. In this blog post I want -to mention one strange bird that allow people to keep the hardware and -the existing Windows XP applications and run them on a free software -operating system that is Windows XP compatible.</p> - -<p><a href="http://www.reactos.org/">ReactOS</a> is a free software -operating system (GNU GPL licensed) working on providing a operating -system that is binary compatible with Windows, able to run windows -programs directly and to use Windows drivers for hardware directly. -The project goal is for Windows user to keep their existing machines, -drivers and software, and gain the advantages from user a operating -system without usage limitations caused by non-free licensing. It is -a Windows clone running directly on the hardware, so quite different -from the approach taken by <a href="http://www.winehq.org/">the Wine -project</a>, which make it possible to run Windows binaries on -Linux.</p> - -<p>The ReactOS project share code with the Wine project, so most -shared libraries available on Windows are already implemented already. -There is also a software manager like the one we are used to on Linux, -allowing the user to install free software applications with a simple -click directly from the Internet. Check out the -<a href="http://www.reactos.org/screenshots">screen shots on the -project web site</a> for an idea what it look like (it looks just like -Windows before metro).</p> - -<p>I do not use ReactOS myself, preferring Linux and Unix like -operating systems. I've tested it, and it work fine in a virt-manager -virtual machine. The browser, minesweeper, notepad etc is working -fine as far as I can tell. Unfortunately, my main test application -is the software included on a CD with the Lego Mindstorms NXT, which -seem to install just fine from CD but fail to leave any binaries on -the disk after the installation. So no luck with that test software. -No idea why, but hope someone else figure out and fix the problem. -I've tried the ReactOS Live ISO on a physical machine, and it seemed -to work just fine. If you like Windows and want to keep running your -old Windows binaries, check it out by -<a href="http://www.reactos.org/download">downloading</a> the -installation CD, the live CD or the preinstalled virtual machine -image.</p> - - - - - Debian Edu interview: Roger Marsal - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Roger_Marsal.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Roger_Marsal.html - Sun, 30 Mar 2014 11:40:00 +0200 - <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> -keep gaining new users. Some weeks ago, a person showed up on IRC, -<a href="irc://irc.debian.org/#debian-edu">#debian-edu</a>, with a -wish to contribute, and I managed to get a interview with this great -contributor Roger Marsal to learn more about his background.</p> - -<p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p> - -<p>My name is Roger Marsal, I'm 27 years old (1986 generation) and I -live in Barcelona, Spain. I've got a strong business background and I -work as a patrimony manager and as a real estate agent. Additionally, -I've co-founded a British based tech company that is nowadays on the -last development phase of a new social networking concept.</p> - -<p>I'm a Linux enthusiast that started its journey with Ubuntu four years -ago and have recently switched to Debian seeking rock solid stability -and as a necessary step to gain expertise.</p> - -<p>In a nutshell, I spend my days working and learning as much as I -can to face both my job, entrepreneur project and feed my Linux -hunger.</p> - -<p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu -project?</strong></p> - -<p>I discovered the <a href="http://www.ltsp.org/">LTSP</a> advantages -with "Ubuntu 12.04 alternate install" and after a year of use I -started looking for an alternative. Even though I highly value and -respect the Ubuntu project, I thought it was necessary for me to -change to a more robust and stable alternative. As far as I was using -Debian on my personal laptop I thought it would be fine to install -Debian and configure an LTSP server myself. Surprised, I discovered -that the Debian project also supported a kind of Edubuntu equivalent, -and after having some pain I obtained a Debian Edu network up and -running. I just loved it.</p> - -<p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian -Edu?</strong></p> - -<p>I found a main advantage in that, once you know "the tips and -tricks", a new installation just works out of the box. It's the most -complete alternative I've found to create an LTSP network. All the -other distributions seems to be made of plastic, Debian Edu seems to -be made of steel.</p> - -<p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian -Edu?</strong></p> - -<p>I found two main disadvantages.</p> - -<p>I'm not an expert but I've got notions and I had to spent a considerable -amount of time trying to bring up a standard network topology. I'm quite -stubborn and I just worked until I did but I'm sure many people with few -resources (not big schools, but academies for example) would have switched -or dropped.</p> - -<p>It's amazing how such a complex system like Debian Edu has achieved -this out-of-the-box state. Even though tweaking without breaking gets -more difficult, as more factors have to be considered. This can -discourage many people too.</p> - -<p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p> - -<p>I use Debian, Firefox, Okular, Inkscape, LibreOffice and -Virtualbox.</p> - - -<p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to -get schools to use free software?</strong></p> - -<p>I don't think there is a need for a particular strategy. The free -attribute in both "freedom" and "no price" meanings is what will -really bring free software to schools. In my experience I can think of -the <a href="http://www.r-project.org/">"R" statistical language</a>; a -few years a ago was an extremely nerd tool for university people. -Today it's being increasingly used to teach statistics at many -different level of studies. I believe free and open software will -increasingly gain popularity, but I'm sure schools will be one of the -first scenarios where this will happen.</p> - - -