X-Git-Url: http://pere.pagekite.me/gitweb/homepage.git/blobdiff_plain/ac8c47a23c0bfb4fea0f160f02413eefa5ee5812..a53e2d770483046ecb8b9d05319ae0aa32217108:/blog/index.rss diff --git a/blog/index.rss b/blog/index.rss index d488b9f59f..b616be0c7a 100644 --- a/blog/index.rss +++ b/blog/index.rss @@ -6,6 +6,178 @@ http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/ + + Datalagringsdirektivet kaster skygger over Høyre og Arbeiderpartiet + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Datalagringsdirektivet_kaster_skygger_over_H_yre_og_Arbeiderpartiet.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Datalagringsdirektivet_kaster_skygger_over_H_yre_og_Arbeiderpartiet.html + Thu, 7 Sep 2017 21:35:00 +0200 + <p>For noen dager siden publiserte Jon Wessel-Aas en bloggpost om +«<a href="http://www.uhuru.biz/?p=1821">Konklusjonen om datalagring som +EU-kommisjonen ikke ville at vi skulle få se</a>». Det er en +interessant gjennomgang av EU-domstolens syn på snurpenotovervåkning +av befolkningen, som er klar på at det er i strid med +EU-lovgivingen.</p> + +<p>Valgkampen går for fullt i Norge, og om noen få dager er siste +frist for å avgi stemme. En ting er sikkert, Høyre og Arbeiderpartiet +får ikke min stemme +<a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Datalagringsdirektivet_gj_r_at_Oslo_H_yre_og_Arbeiderparti_ikke_f_r_min_stemme_i__r.html">denne +gangen heller</a>. Jeg har ikke glemt at de tvang igjennom loven som +skulle pålegge alle data- og teletjenesteleverandører å overvåke alle +sine kunder. En lov som er vedtatt, og aldri opphevet igjen.</p> + +<p>Det er tydelig fra diskusjonen rundt grenseløs digital overvåkning +(eller "Digital Grenseforsvar" som det kalles i Orvellisk nytale) at +hverken Høyre og Arbeiderpartiet har noen prinsipielle sperrer mot å +overvåke hele befolkningen, og diskusjonen så langt tyder på at flere +av de andre partiene heller ikke har det. Mange av +<a href="https://data.holderdeord.no/votes/1301946411e">de som stemte +for Datalagringsdirektivet i Stortinget</a> (64 fra Arbeiderpartiet, +25 fra Høyre) er fortsatt aktive og argumenterer fortsatt for å radere +vekk mer av innbyggernes privatsfære.</p> + +<p>Når myndighetene demonstrerer sin mistillit til folket, tror jeg +folket selv bør legge litt innsats i å verne sitt privatliv, ved å ta +i bruk ende-til-ende-kryptert kommunikasjon med sine kjente og kjære, +og begrense hvor mye privat informasjon som deles med uvedkommende. +Det er jo ingenting som tyder på at myndighetene kommer til å være vår +privatsfære. +<a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_talk_with_your_loved_ones_in_private.html">Det +er mange muligheter</a>. Selv har jeg litt sans for +<a href="https://ring.cx/">Ring</a>, som er basert på p2p-teknologi +uten sentral kontroll, er fri programvare, og støtter meldinger, tale +og video. Systemet er tilgjengelig ut av boksen fra +<a href="https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/ring">Debian</a> og +<a href="Pakken">Ubuntu</a>, og det finnes pakker for Android, MacOSX +og Windows. Foreløpig er det få brukere med Ring, slik at jeg også +bruker <a href="https://signal.org/">Signal</a> som +nettleserutvidelse.</p> + + + + + Simpler recipe on how to make a simple $7 IMSI Catcher using Debian + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Simpler_recipe_on_how_to_make_a_simple__7_IMSI_Catcher_using_Debian.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Simpler_recipe_on_how_to_make_a_simple__7_IMSI_Catcher_using_Debian.html + Wed, 9 Aug 2017 23:59:00 +0200 + <p>On friday, I came across an interesting article in the Norwegian +web based ICT news magazine digi.no on +<a href="https://www.digi.no/artikler/sikkerhetsforsker-lagde-enkel-imsi-catcher-for-60-kroner-na-kan-mobiler-kartlegges-av-alle/398588">how +to collect the IMSI numbers of nearby cell phones</a> using the cheap +DVB-T software defined radios. The article refered to instructions +and <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UjwgNd_as30">a recipe by +Keld Norman on Youtube on how to make a simple $7 IMSI Catcher</a>, and I decided to test them out.</p> + +<p>The instructions said to use Ubuntu, install pip using apt (to +bypass apt), use pip to install pybombs (to bypass both apt and pip), +and the ask pybombs to fetch and build everything you need from +scratch. I wanted to see if I could do the same on the most recent +Debian packages, but this did not work because pybombs tried to build +stuff that no longer build with the most recent openssl library or +some other version skew problem. While trying to get this recipe +working, I learned that the apt->pip->pybombs route was a long detour, +and the only piece of software dependency missing in Debian was the +gr-gsm package. I also found out that the lead upstream developer of +gr-gsm (the name stand for GNU Radio GSM) project already had a set of +Debian packages provided in an Ubuntu PPA repository. All I needed to +do was to dget the Debian source package and built it.</p> + +<p>The IMSI collector is a python script listening for packages on the +loopback network device and printing to the terminal some specific GSM +packages with IMSI numbers in them. The code is fairly short and easy +to understand. The reason this work is because gr-gsm include a tool +to read GSM data from a software defined radio like a DVB-T USB stick +and other software defined radios, decode them and inject them into a +network device on your Linux machine (using the loopback device by +default). This proved to work just fine, and I've been testing the +collector for a few days now.</p> + +<p>The updated and simpler recipe is thus to</p> + +<ol> + +<li>start with a Debian machine running Stretch or newer,</li> + +<li>build and install the gr-gsm package available from +<a href="http://ppa.launchpad.net/ptrkrysik/gr-gsm/ubuntu/pool/main/g/gr-gsm/">http://ppa.launchpad.net/ptrkrysik/gr-gsm/ubuntu/pool/main/g/gr-gsm/</a>,</li> + +<li>clone the git repostory from <a href="https://github.com/Oros42/IMSI-catcher">https://github.com/Oros42/IMSI-catcher</a>,</li> + +<li>run grgsm_livemon and adjust the frequency until the terminal +where it was started is filled with a stream of text (meaning you +found a GSM station).</li> + +<li>go into the IMSI-catcher directory and run 'sudo python simple_IMSI-catcher.py' to extract the IMSI numbers.</li> + +</ol> + +<p>To make it even easier in the future to get this sniffer up and +running, I decided to package +<a href="https://github.com/ptrkrysik/gr-gsm/">the gr-gsm project</a> +for Debian (<a href="https://bugs.debian.org/871055">WNPP +#871055</a>), and the package was uploaded into the NEW queue today. +Luckily the gnuradio maintainer has promised to help me, as I do not +know much about gnuradio stuff yet.</p> + +<p>I doubt this "IMSI cacher" is anywhere near as powerfull as +commercial tools like +<a href="https://www.thespyphone.com/portable-imsi-imei-catcher/">The +Spy Phone Portable IMSI / IMEI Catcher</a> or the +<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stingray_phone_tracker">Harris +Stingray</a>, but I hope the existance of cheap alternatives can make +more people realise how their whereabouts when carrying a cell phone +is easily tracked. Seeing the data flow on the screen, realizing that +I live close to a police station and knowing that the police is also +wearing cell phones, I wonder how hard it would be for criminals to +track the position of the police officers to discover when there are +police near by, or for foreign military forces to track the location +of the Norwegian military forces, or for anyone to track the location +of government officials...</p> + +<p>It is worth noting that the data reported by the IMSI-catcher +script mentioned above is only a fraction of the data broadcasted on +the GSM network. It will only collect one frequency at the time, +while a typical phone will be using several frequencies, and not all +phones will be using the frequencies tracked by the grgsm_livemod +program. Also, there is a lot of radio chatter being ignored by the +simple_IMSI-catcher script, which would be collected by extending the +parser code. I wonder if gr-gsm can be set up to listen to more than +one frequency?</p> + + + + + Norwegian Bokmål edition of Debian Administrator's Handbook is now available + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Norwegian_Bokm_l_edition_of_Debian_Administrator_s_Handbook_is_now_available.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Norwegian_Bokm_l_edition_of_Debian_Administrator_s_Handbook_is_now_available.html + Tue, 25 Jul 2017 21:10:00 +0200 + <p align="center"><img align="center" src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2017-07-25-debian-handbook-nb-testprint.png"/></p> + +<p>I finally received a copy of the Norwegian Bokmål edition of +"<a href="https://debian-handbook.info/">The Debian Administrator's +Handbook</a>". This test copy arrived in the mail a few days ago, and +I am very happy to hold the result in my hand. We spent around one and a half year translating it. This paperbook edition +<a href="https://debian-handbook.info/get/#norwegian">is available +from lulu.com</a>. If you buy it quickly, you save 25% on the list +price. The book is also available for download in electronic form as +PDF, EPUB and Mobipocket, as can be +<a href="https://debian-handbook.info/browse/nb-NO/stable/">read online +as a web page</a>.</p> + +<p>This is the second book I publish (the first was the book +"<a href="http://free-culture.cc/">Free Culture</a>" by Lawrence Lessig +in +<a href="http://www.lulu.com/shop/lawrence-lessig/free-culture/paperback/product-22440520.html">English</a>, +<a href="http://www.lulu.com/shop/lawrence-lessig/culture-libre/paperback/product-22645082.html">French</a> +and +<a href="http://www.lulu.com/shop/lawrence-lessig/fri-kultur/paperback/product-22441576.html">Norwegian +Bokmål</a>), and I am very excited to finally wrap up this +project. I hope +"<a href="http://www.lulu.com/shop/rapha%C3%ABl-hertzog-and-roland-mas/h%C3%A5ndbok-for-debian-administratoren/paperback/product-23262290.html">Håndbok +for Debian-administratoren</a>" will be well received.</p> + + + «Rapporten ser ikke på informasjonssikkerhet knyttet til personlig integritet» http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/_Rapporten_ser_ikke_p__informasjonssikkerhet_knyttet_til_personlig_integritet_.html @@ -425,249 +597,5 @@ tenker jeg.</p> - - Free software archive system Nikita now able to store documents - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Free_software_archive_system_Nikita_now_able_to_store_documents.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Free_software_archive_system_Nikita_now_able_to_store_documents.html - Sun, 19 Mar 2017 08:00:00 +0100 - <p>The <a href="https://github.com/hiOA-ABI/nikita-noark5-core">Nikita -Noark 5 core project</a> is implementing the Norwegian standard for -keeping an electronic archive of government documents. -<a href="http://www.arkivverket.no/arkivverket/Offentlig-forvaltning/Noark/Noark-5/English-version">The -Noark 5 standard</a> document the requirement for data systems used by -the archives in the Norwegian government, and the Noark 5 web interface -specification document a REST web service for storing, searching and -retrieving documents and metadata in such archive. I've been involved -in the project since a few weeks before Christmas, when the Norwegian -Unix User Group -<a href="https://www.nuug.no/news/NOARK5_kjerne_som_fri_programvare_f_r_epostliste_hos_NUUG.shtml">announced -it supported the project</a>. I believe this is an important project, -and hope it can make it possible for the government archives in the -future to use free software to keep the archives we citizens depend -on. But as I do not hold such archive myself, personally my first use -case is to store and analyse public mail journal metadata published -from the government. I find it useful to have a clear use case in -mind when developing, to make sure the system scratches one of my -itches.</p> - -<p>If you would like to help make sure there is a free software -alternatives for the archives, please join our IRC channel -(<a href="irc://irc.freenode.net/%23nikita"">#nikita on -irc.freenode.net</a>) and -<a href="https://lists.nuug.no/mailman/listinfo/nikita-noark">the -project mailing list</a>.</p> - -<p>When I got involved, the web service could store metadata about -documents. But a few weeks ago, a new milestone was reached when it -became possible to store full text documents too. Yesterday, I -completed an implementation of a command line tool -<tt>archive-pdf</tt> to upload a PDF file to the archive using this -API. The tool is very simple at the moment, and find existing -<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fonds">fonds</a>, series and -files while asking the user to select which one to use if more than -one exist. Once a file is identified, the PDF is associated with the -file and uploaded, using the title extracted from the PDF itself. The -process is fairly similar to visiting the archive, opening a cabinet, -locating a file and storing a piece of paper in the archive. Here is -a test run directly after populating the database with test data using -our API tester:</p> - -<p><blockquote><pre> -~/src//noark5-tester$ ./archive-pdf mangelmelding/mangler.pdf -using arkiv: Title of the test fonds created 2017-03-18T23:49:32.103446 -using arkivdel: Title of the test series created 2017-03-18T23:49:32.103446 - - 0 - Title of the test case file created 2017-03-18T23:49:32.103446 - 1 - Title of the test file created 2017-03-18T23:49:32.103446 -Select which mappe you want (or search term): 0 -Uploading mangelmelding/mangler.pdf - PDF title: Mangler i spesifikasjonsdokumentet for NOARK 5 Tjenestegrensesnitt - File 2017/1: Title of the test case file created 2017-03-18T23:49:32.103446 -~/src//noark5-tester$ -</pre></blockquote></p> - -<p>You can see here how the fonds (arkiv) and serie (arkivdel) only had -one option, while the user need to choose which file (mappe) to use -among the two created by the API tester. The <tt>archive-pdf</tt> -tool can be found in the git repository for the API tester.</p> - -<p>In the project, I have been mostly working on -<a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/noark5-tester">the API -tester</a> so far, while getting to know the code base. The API -tester currently use -<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HATEOAS">the HATEOAS links</a> -to traverse the entire exposed service API and verify that the exposed -operations and objects match the specification, as well as trying to -create objects holding metadata and uploading a simple XML file to -store. The tester has proved very useful for finding flaws in our -implementation, as well as flaws in the reference site and the -specification.</p> - -<p>The test document I uploaded is a summary of all the specification -defects we have collected so far while implementing the web service. -There are several unclear and conflicting parts of the specification, -and we have -<a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/noark5-tester/tree/master/mangelmelding">started -writing down</a> the questions we get from implementing it. We use a -format inspired by how <a href="http://www.opengroup.org/austin/">The -Austin Group</a> collect defect reports for the POSIX standard with -<a href="http://www.opengroup.org/austin/mantis.html">their -instructions for the MANTIS defect tracker system</a>, in lack of an official way to structure defect reports for Noark 5 (our first submitted defect report was a <a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/noark5-tester/blob/master/mangelmelding/sendt/2017-03-15-mangel-prosess.md">request for a procedure for submitting defect reports</a> :). - -<p>The Nikita project is implemented using Java and Spring, and is -fairly easy to get up and running using Docker containers for those -that want to test the current code base. The API tester is -implemented in Python.</p> - - - - - Detecting NFS hangs on Linux without hanging yourself... - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Detecting_NFS_hangs_on_Linux_without_hanging_yourself___.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Detecting_NFS_hangs_on_Linux_without_hanging_yourself___.html - Thu, 9 Mar 2017 15:20:00 +0100 - <p>Over the years, administrating thousand of NFS mounting linux -computers at the time, I often needed a way to detect if the machine -was experiencing NFS hang. If you try to use <tt>df</tt> or look at a -file or directory affected by the hang, the process (and possibly the -shell) will hang too. So you want to be able to detect this without -risking the detection process getting stuck too. It has not been -obvious how to do this. When the hang has lasted a while, it is -possible to find messages like these in dmesg:</p> - -<p><blockquote> -nfs: server nfsserver not responding, still trying -<br>nfs: server nfsserver OK -</blockquote></p> - -<p>It is hard to know if the hang is still going on, and it is hard to -be sure looking in dmesg is going to work. If there are lots of other -messages in dmesg the lines might have rotated out of site before they -are noticed.</p> - -<p>While reading through the nfs client implementation in linux kernel -code, I came across some statistics that seem to give a way to detect -it. The om_timeouts sunrpc value in the kernel will increase every -time the above log entry is inserted into dmesg. And after digging a -bit further, I discovered that this value show up in -/proc/self/mountstats on Linux.</p> - -<p>The mountstats content seem to be shared between files using the -same file system context, so it is enough to check one of the -mountstats files to get the state of the mount point for the machine. -I assume this will not show lazy umounted NFS points, nor NFS mount -points in a different process context (ie with a different filesystem -view), but that does not worry me.</p> - -<p>The content for a NFS mount point look similar to this:</p> - -<p><blockquote><pre> -[...] -device /dev/mapper/Debian-var mounted on /var with fstype ext3 -device nfsserver:/mnt/nfsserver/home0 mounted on /mnt/nfsserver/home0 with fstype nfs statvers=1.1 - opts: rw,vers=3,rsize=65536,wsize=65536,namlen=255,acregmin=3,acregmax=60,acdirmin=30,acdirmax=60,soft,nolock,proto=tcp,timeo=600,retrans=2,sec=sys,mountaddr=129.240.3.145,mountvers=3,mountport=4048,mountproto=udp,local_lock=all - age: 7863311 - caps: caps=0x3fe7,wtmult=4096,dtsize=8192,bsize=0,namlen=255 - sec: flavor=1,pseudoflavor=1 - events: 61063112 732346265 1028140 35486205 16220064 8162542 761447191 71714012 37189 3891185 45561809 110486139 4850138 420353 15449177 296502 52736725 13523379 0 52182 9016896 1231 0 0 0 0 0 - bytes: 166253035039 219519120027 0 0 40783504807 185466229638 11677877 45561809 - RPC iostats version: 1.0 p/v: 100003/3 (nfs) - xprt: tcp 925 1 6810 0 0 111505412 111480497 109 2672418560317 0 248 53869103 22481820 - per-op statistics - NULL: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 - GETATTR: 61063106 61063108 0 9621383060 6839064400 453650 77291321 78926132 - SETATTR: 463469 463470 0 92005440 66739536 63787 603235 687943 - LOOKUP: 17021657 17021657 0 3354097764 4013442928 57216 35125459 35566511 - ACCESS: 14281703 14290009 5 2318400592 1713803640 1709282 4865144 7130140 - READLINK: 125 125 0 20472 18620 0 1112 1118 - READ: 4214236 4214237 0 715608524 41328653212 89884 22622768 22806693 - WRITE: 8479010 8494376 22 187695798568 1356087148 178264904 51506907 231671771 - CREATE: 171708 171708 0 38084748 46702272 873 1041833 1050398 - MKDIR: 3680 3680 0 773980 993920 26 23990 24245 - SYMLINK: 903 903 0 233428 245488 6 5865 5917 - MKNOD: 80 80 0 20148 21760 0 299 304 - REMOVE: 429921 429921 0 79796004 61908192 3313 2710416 2741636 - RMDIR: 3367 3367 0 645112 484848 22 5782 6002 - RENAME: 466201 466201 0 130026184 121212260 7075 5935207 5961288 - LINK: 289155 289155 0 72775556 67083960 2199 2565060 2585579 - READDIR: 2933237 2933237 0 516506204 13973833412 10385 3190199 3297917 - READDIRPLUS: 1652839 1652839 0 298640972 6895997744 84735 14307895 14448937 - FSSTAT: 6144 6144 0 1010516 1032192 51 9654 10022 - FSINFO: 2 2 0 232 328 0 1 1 - PATHCONF: 1 1 0 116 140 0 0 0 - COMMIT: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 - -device binfmt_misc mounted on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc with fstype binfmt_misc -[...] -</pre></blockquote></p> - -<p>The key number to look at is the third number in the per-op list. -It is the number of NFS timeouts experiences per file system -operation. Here 22 write timeouts and 5 access timeouts. If these -numbers are increasing, I believe the machine is experiencing NFS -hang. Unfortunately the timeout value do not start to increase right -away. The NFS operations need to time out first, and this can take a -while. The exact timeout value depend on the setup. For example the -defaults for TCP and UDP mount points are quite different, and the -timeout value is affected by the soft, hard, timeo and retrans NFS -mount options.</p> - -<p>The only way I have been able to get working on Debian and RedHat -Enterprise Linux for getting the timeout count is to peek in /proc/. -But according to -<ahref="http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E19253-01/816-4555/netmonitor-12/index.html">Solaris -10 System Administration Guide: Network Services</a>, the 'nfsstat -c' -command can be used to get these timeout values. But this do not work -on Linux, as far as I can tell. I -<ahref="http://bugs.debian.org/857043">asked Debian about this</a>, -but have not seen any replies yet.</p> - -<p>Is there a better way to figure out if a Linux NFS client is -experiencing NFS hangs? Is there a way to detect which processes are -affected? Is there a way to get the NFS mount going quickly once the -network problem causing the NFS hang has been cleared? I would very -much welcome some clues, as we regularly run into NFS hangs.</p> - - - - - How does it feel to be wiretapped, when you should be doing the wiretapping... - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_does_it_feel_to_be_wiretapped__when_you_should_be_doing_the_wiretapping___.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_does_it_feel_to_be_wiretapped__when_you_should_be_doing_the_wiretapping___.html - Wed, 8 Mar 2017 11:50:00 +0100 - <p>So the new president in the United States of America claim to be -surprised to discover that he was wiretapped during the election -before he was elected president. He even claim this must be illegal. -Well, doh, if it is one thing the confirmations from Snowden -documented, it is that the entire population in USA is wiretapped, one -way or another. Of course the president candidates were wiretapped, -alongside the senators, judges and the rest of the people in USA.</p> - -<p>Next, the Federal Bureau of Investigation ask the Department of -Justice to go public rejecting the claims that Donald Trump was -wiretapped illegally. I fail to see the relevance, given that I am -sure the surveillance industry in USA believe they have all the legal -backing they need to conduct mass surveillance on the entire -world.</p> - -<p>There is even the director of the FBI stating that he never saw an -order requesting wiretapping of Donald Trump. That is not very -surprising, given how the FISA court work, with all its activity being -secret. Perhaps he only heard about it?</p> - -<p>What I find most sad in this story is how Norwegian journalists -present it. In a news reports the other day in the radio from the -Norwegian National broadcasting Company (NRK), I heard the journalist -claim that 'the FBI denies any wiretapping', while the reality is that -'the FBI denies any illegal wiretapping'. There is a fundamental and -important difference, and it make me sad that the journalists are -unable to grasp it.</p> - -<p><strong>Update 2017-03-13:</strong> Look like -<a href="https://theintercept.com/2017/03/13/rand-paul-is-right-nsa-routinely-monitors-americans-communications-without-warrants/">The -Intercept report that US Senator Rand Paul confirm what I state above</a>.</p> - - -