X-Git-Url: http://pere.pagekite.me/gitweb/homepage.git/blobdiff_plain/a49b4730d34ff346797cd78b472593061befd11a..53798080ccfe7c0d9ad356a83ded5b219b186c9b:/blog/index.rss diff --git a/blog/index.rss b/blog/index.rss index d0dffe1a62..0a657f587a 100644 --- a/blog/index.rss +++ b/blog/index.rss @@ -7,571 +7,664 @@ - Gavebok overlevert Stortinget i dag - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gavebok_overlevert_Stortinget_i_dag.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gavebok_overlevert_Stortinget_i_dag.html - Thu, 29 Oct 2015 11:50:00 +0100 - <p>Like før kl. 11 i dag leverte jeg fem esker med gaveinnpakkede -bøker til Stortinget, for utdeling til alle stortingsrepresentanter. -Det ble etterfulgt av følgende pressemelding. Stor takk til NUUG for -lån av epostliste for å sende ut pressemeldingen.</p> - -<blockquote> - -<p><strong>Er opphavsretten for streng, spør ny bok</strong></p> - -<p>I dag kommer boken «<a href="http://free-culture.cc/">Fri -kultur</a>» av Lawrence Lessig ut på norsk. Boken handler om -utviklingen og utvidelsene opphavsretten har hatt de siste 40 årene. -Boken er i dag gitt i gave til alle stortingsrepresentantene. -Oversetter og utgiver Petter Reinholdtsen håper Stortinget vil tenke -seg om to ganger neste gang det er snakk om utvidelse av -opphavsretten.</p> - -<p>Boken forteller om hvordan store medieaktører ved hjelp av -opphavsretten bruker teknologi til å begrense kulturen og kontrollere -kreativiteten. Den er skrevet av stifteren av -<a href="https://creativecommons.org/">Creative Commons</a>, professor -Lawrence Lessig, som for tiden er med i kampen om å bli Demokratenes -<a href="https://lessig2016.us/">presidentkandidat i USA sitt -presidentvalg i 2016</a>. Lessig ble sist omtalt i norske medier da -NRK i høst viste dokumentaren «Kampen for et demokratisk internett» -som også er -<a href="https://archive.org/details/TheInternetsOwnBoyTheStoryOfAaronSwartz">tilgjengelig -fra The Internet Archive</a>.</p> - -<p>Boken beskriver hvordan opphavsrettens makt i USA har blitt -betydelig utvidet etter 1974 langs fem kritiske akser: varighet (fra -32 til 95 år), omfang (fra utgivere til alle), rekkevidde (gjelder nå -enhver fremvisning via datamaskin), kontroll (avledede verk er -definert så bredt at i praksis alle nye åndsverk risikerer søksmål fra -en opphavsrettsinnehaver) og til sist maktkonsentrasjon og integrering -av mediebransjen. Den dokumenterer også hvordan medieindustrien har -lyktes med å bruke rettsvesenet til å begrense konkurranse, og i -praksis har skaffet seg vetorett over teknologiske nyvinninger. -Nedlasting av fritt, lovlig og i utgangspunktet gratis materiale -stoppes med tekniske sperrer og lobbyert lovvern av sperrene.</p> - -<p>Utvidelsene illustreres i boken med ulike eksempler. For eksempel -en demonstrasjon av at Walt Disney ville ha blitt ansett som en -opphavsrettspirat dersom han gjorde i dag det han gjorde på -1930-tallet. Boken beskriver hvordan vern av åndsverk er bra, men at -mer vern ikke nødvendigvis er bedre.<?p> - -<p>Petter Reinholdtsen, som sammen med flere frivillige har oversatt -boken på fritiden de siste 3 årene, håper at boken vil gjøre en -forskjell. «Når en vet hvordan opphavsrettens varighet i Norge, uten -opposisjon på Stortinget, ble utvidet nok en gang i mai i fjor, og -hvordan Norges handelspartner USA gjennom de nye handelsavtalene -Trans-Pacific Partnership og Transatlantic Trade and Investment -Partnership -<a href="https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2015/10/final-leaked-tpp-text-all-we-feared">ønsker -å utvide opphavsrettens makt også i andre land</a>, håper jeg at flere -vil spørre: Er det virkelig fornuftig å gjøre de samme utvidelsene i -Norge?», spør han. «Jeg håper boken kan bidra til kunnskap og -forståelse, og kan gi Stortinget et bedre grunnlag til å ta riktige -beslutninger som ivaretar befolkningens og samfunnets interesser i -Norge.»</p> - -<p>Petter Reinholdtsen er en mangeårig fri programvareutvikler som har -vært med på å lage systemer som operativsystemet Debian, IT-løsningen -Skolelinux, borgerportalen FiksGataMi og innsynstjenesten Mimes brønn. -Han forteller han selv har opplevd problemene utvidet varighet, -omfang, rekkevidde og kontroll i opphavsretten medfører og at boken -var en oppvekker. «Jeg håper andre finner boken like interessant som -jeg gjorde. Boken kan -<a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig">lastes -gratis ned fra github</a> eller -<a href="http://www.lulu.com/shop/lawrence-lessig/fri-kultur/paperback/product-22406445.html">kjøpes -på papir fra lulu.com</a>,» avslutter Reinholdtsen.</p> - -</blockquote> - -<p>Så får vi se om det har noen positiv effekt. :)</p> + Detecting NFS hangs on Linux without hanging yourself... + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Detecting_NFS_hangs_on_Linux_without_hanging_yourself___.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Detecting_NFS_hangs_on_Linux_without_hanging_yourself___.html + Thu, 9 Mar 2017 15:20:00 +0100 + <p>Over the years, administrating thousand of NFS mounting linux +computers at the time, I often needed a way to detect if the machine +was experiencing NFS hang. If you try to use <tt>df</tt> or look at a +file or directory affected by the hang, the process (and possibly the +shell) will hang too. So you want to be able to detect this without +risking the detection process getting stuck too. It has not been +obvious how to do this. When the hang has lasted a while, it is +possible to find messages like these in dmesg:</p> + +<p><blockquote> +nfs: server nfsserver not responding, still trying +<br>nfs: server nfsserver OK +</blockquote></p> + +<p>It is hard to know if the hang is still going on, and it is hard to +be sure looking in dmesg is going to work. If there are lots of other +messages in dmesg the lines might have rotated out of site before they +are noticed.</p> + +<p>While reading through the nfs client implementation in linux kernel +code, I came across some statistics that seem to give a way to detect +it. The om_timeouts sunrpc value in the kernel will increase every +time the above log entry is inserted into dmesg. And after digging a +bit further, I discovered that this value show up in +/proc/self/mountstats on Linux.</p> + +<p>The mountstats content seem to be shared between files using the +same file system context, so it is enough to check one of the +mountstats files to get the state of the mount point for the machine. +I assume this will not show lazy umounted NFS points, nor NFS mount +points in a different process context (ie with a different filesystem +view), but that does not worry me.</p> + +<p>The content for a NFS mount point look similar to this:</p> + +<p><blockquote><pre> +[...] +device /dev/mapper/Debian-var mounted on /var with fstype ext3 +device nfsserver:/mnt/nfsserver/home0 mounted on /mnt/nfsserver/home0 with fstype nfs statvers=1.1 + opts: rw,vers=3,rsize=65536,wsize=65536,namlen=255,acregmin=3,acregmax=60,acdirmin=30,acdirmax=60,soft,nolock,proto=tcp,timeo=600,retrans=2,sec=sys,mountaddr=129.240.3.145,mountvers=3,mountport=4048,mountproto=udp,local_lock=all + age: 7863311 + caps: caps=0x3fe7,wtmult=4096,dtsize=8192,bsize=0,namlen=255 + sec: flavor=1,pseudoflavor=1 + events: 61063112 732346265 1028140 35486205 16220064 8162542 761447191 71714012 37189 3891185 45561809 110486139 4850138 420353 15449177 296502 52736725 13523379 0 52182 9016896 1231 0 0 0 0 0 + bytes: 166253035039 219519120027 0 0 40783504807 185466229638 11677877 45561809 + RPC iostats version: 1.0 p/v: 100003/3 (nfs) + xprt: tcp 925 1 6810 0 0 111505412 111480497 109 2672418560317 0 248 53869103 22481820 + per-op statistics + NULL: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 + GETATTR: 61063106 61063108 0 9621383060 6839064400 453650 77291321 78926132 + SETATTR: 463469 463470 0 92005440 66739536 63787 603235 687943 + LOOKUP: 17021657 17021657 0 3354097764 4013442928 57216 35125459 35566511 + ACCESS: 14281703 14290009 5 2318400592 1713803640 1709282 4865144 7130140 + READLINK: 125 125 0 20472 18620 0 1112 1118 + READ: 4214236 4214237 0 715608524 41328653212 89884 22622768 22806693 + WRITE: 8479010 8494376 22 187695798568 1356087148 178264904 51506907 231671771 + CREATE: 171708 171708 0 38084748 46702272 873 1041833 1050398 + MKDIR: 3680 3680 0 773980 993920 26 23990 24245 + SYMLINK: 903 903 0 233428 245488 6 5865 5917 + MKNOD: 80 80 0 20148 21760 0 299 304 + REMOVE: 429921 429921 0 79796004 61908192 3313 2710416 2741636 + RMDIR: 3367 3367 0 645112 484848 22 5782 6002 + RENAME: 466201 466201 0 130026184 121212260 7075 5935207 5961288 + LINK: 289155 289155 0 72775556 67083960 2199 2565060 2585579 + READDIR: 2933237 2933237 0 516506204 13973833412 10385 3190199 3297917 + READDIRPLUS: 1652839 1652839 0 298640972 6895997744 84735 14307895 14448937 + FSSTAT: 6144 6144 0 1010516 1032192 51 9654 10022 + FSINFO: 2 2 0 232 328 0 1 1 + PATHCONF: 1 1 0 116 140 0 0 0 + COMMIT: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 + +device binfmt_misc mounted on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc with fstype binfmt_misc +[...] +</pre></blockquote></p> + +<p>The key number to look at is the third number in the per-op list. +It is the number of NFS timeouts experiences per file system +operation. Here 22 write timeouts and 5 access timeouts. If these +numbers are increasing, I believe the machine is experiencing NFS +hang. Unfortunately the timeout value do not start to increase right +away. The NFS operations need to time out first, and this can take a +while. The exact timeout value depend on the setup. For example the +defaults for TCP and UDP mount points are quite different, and the +timeout value is affected by the soft, hard, timeo and retrans NFS +mount options.</p> + +<p>The only way I have been able to get working on Debian and RedHat +Enterprise Linux for getting the timeout count is to peek in /proc/. +But according to +<ahref="http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E19253-01/816-4555/netmonitor-12/index.html">Solaris +10 System Administration Guide: Network Services</a>, the 'nfsstat -c' +command can be used to get these timeout values. But this do not work +on Linux, as far as I can tell. I +<ahref="http://bugs.debian.org/857043">asked Debian about this</a>, +but have not seen any replies yet.</p> + +<p>Is there a better way to figure out if a Linux NFS client is +experiencing NFS hangs? Is there a way to detect which processes are +affected? Is there a way to get the NFS mount going quickly once the +network problem causing the NFS hang has been cleared? I would very +much welcome some clues, as we regularly run into NFS hangs.</p> - "Fri kultur" av @lessig - norsk utgave av "Free Culture" tilgjengelig på papir, PDF og ePub - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/_Fri_kultur__av__lessig___norsk_utgave_av__Free_Culture__tilgjengelig_p__papir__PDF_og_ePub.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/_Fri_kultur__av__lessig___norsk_utgave_av__Free_Culture__tilgjengelig_p__papir__PDF_og_ePub.html - Wed, 28 Oct 2015 09:30:00 +0100 - <p><a href="http://www.lulu.com/shop/lawrence-lessig/fri-kultur/paperback/product-22406445.html">Klikk her for å kjøpe boken</a>.</p> - -<p>I 2004, mens <a href="https://creativecommons.org/">Creative -Commons-bevegelsen</a> vokste frem, skrev bevegelsens stifter Lawrence -Lessig boken -<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_Culture_(book)">Free -Culture</a> for å forklare problemene med økene åndsverksregulering og -for å foreslå noen løsninger. Jeg leste boken den gangen, og den både -inspirerte meg og endret på hvordan jeg så på opphavsrettslovigving. -Jeg skulle ønske flere folk leste denne boken. Den gir en god -gjennomgang av hvordan økende åndsverksregulering skader både -nyskapning og kulturlivet, og skisserer hvordan både lovgivere og oss -vanlige borgere kan bidra for å få slutt på dette.</p> - -<p>Derfor bestemte jeg meg sommeren 2012 for å oversette den til norsk -bokmål og gjøre den tilgjengelig for de blant mine venner og familie -som foretrekker å lese bøker på norsk. Jeg oversatte boken ved hjelp -av docbook og en gettext PO-fil, og endte opp med to utgaver, en på -norsk og en på engelsk. Den engelske publiserte jeg i forrige uke, og -den norske utgaven på papir -<a href="http://www.lulu.com/shop/lawrence-lessig/fri-kultur/paperback/product-22406445.html">er -nå klar for salg</a>. Jeg fikk heldigvis hjelp med oversetting og -korrekturlesing av den norske utgaven fra en rekke frivillige. Se -side 245 for en komplett liste. Slik ser omslaget ut: - -<p align="center"><a href="http://www.lulu.com/shop/lawrence-lessig/fri-kultur/paperback/product-22406445.html"><img align="center" src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2015-10-28-free-culture-norwegian-published-cover.png"/></a></p> - -<p>I tillegg til den norske og engelske utgaven holder vi på med en -fransk utgave. Den koordineres av dblatex-utvikleren Benoît Guillon, -og oversettelsen var komplett denne uka men må korrekturleses før den -kan gis ut. Flere frivillige trengs her, så ta kontakt med Benoît -hvis du vil bidra.</p> - -<p>Boken er også tilgjengelig i PDF, ePub og MOBI-format fra -<a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig">min -github-prosjektside</a>. Merk at ePub og MOBI-utgavene har noen -formatteringsproblemer som jeg tror kommer av feil i docbook-verktøyet -dbtoepub (Debian BTS-rapporter -<a href="https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=795842">#795842</a> -og -<a href="https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=796871">#796871</a>), -men jeg har ikke tatt meg tid til å undersøke problemene. For de som -vil ha elektronisk kopi anbefaler jeg å bruke PDF- og ePub-utgaven i -denne omgang, da de ser ut til å hånderes bra av de fremviserne jeg -har tilgjengelig.</p> - -<p>Etter at oversettelsen til bokmål var ferdig klarte jeg å overtale -<a href="http://www.nuugfoundation.no/">NUUG Foundation</a> til å -sponse trykking av boken. Det er årsaken til at stiftelsens logo er -på baksiden av omslaget. Jeg er svært takknemlig for dette, og bruker -bidraget til å gi en kopi av den norske utgaven til alle -Stortingsrepresentanter og andre beslutningstakere her i Norge.</p> + How does it feel to be wiretapped, when you should be doing the wiretapping... + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_does_it_feel_to_be_wiretapped__when_you_should_be_doing_the_wiretapping___.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_does_it_feel_to_be_wiretapped__when_you_should_be_doing_the_wiretapping___.html + Wed, 8 Mar 2017 11:50:00 +0100 + <p>So the new president in the United States of America claim to be +surprised to discover that he was wiretapped during the election +before he was elected president. He even claim this must be illegal. +Well, doh, if it is one thing the confirmations from Snowden +documented, it is that the entire population in USA is wiretapped, one +way or another. Of course the president candidates were wiretapped, +alongside the senators, judges and the rest of the people in USA.</p> + +<p>Next, the Federal Bureau of Investigation ask the Department of +Justice to go public rejecting the claims that Donald Trump was +wiretapped illegally. I fail to see the relevance, given that I am +sure the surveillance industry in USA believe they have all the legal +backing they need to conduct mass surveillance on the entire +world.</p> + +<p>There is even the director of the FBI stating that he never saw an +order requesting wiretapping of Donald Trump. That is not very +surprising, given how the FISA court work, with all its activity being +secret. Perhaps he only heard about it?</p> + +<p>What I find most sad in this story is how Norwegian journalists +present it. In a news reports the other day in the radio from the +Norwegian National broadcasting Company (NRK), I heard the journalist +claim that 'the FBI denies any wiretapping', while the reality is that +'the FBI denies any illegal wiretapping'. There is a fundamental and +important difference, and it make me sad that the journalists are +unable to grasp it.</p> + +<p><strong>Update 2017-03-13:</strong> Look like +<a href="https://theintercept.com/2017/03/13/rand-paul-is-right-nsa-routinely-monitors-americans-communications-without-warrants/">The +Intercept report that US Senator Rand Paul confirm what I state above</a>.</p> - "Free Culture" by @lessig - The background story for Creative Commons - new edition available - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/_Free_Culture__by__lessig___The_background_story_for_Creative_Commons___new_edition_available.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/_Free_Culture__by__lessig___The_background_story_for_Creative_Commons___new_edition_available.html - Fri, 23 Oct 2015 12:10:00 +0200 - <p><a href="http://www.lulu.com/shop/lawrence-lessig/free-culture/paperback/product-22402863.html">Click -here to buy the book</a>.</p> - -<p>In 2004, as the <a href="https://creativecommons.org/">Creative Commons -movement</a> gained momentum, its creator Lawrence Lessig wrote the -book <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_Culture_(book)">Free -Culture</a> to explain the problems with increasing copyright -regulation and suggest some solutions. I read the book back then and -was very moved by it. Reading the book inspired me and changed the -way I looked on copyright law, and I would love it if more people -would read it too.</p> - -<p>Because of this, I decided in the summer of 2012 to translate it to -Norwegian Bokmål and publish it for those of my friends and family -that prefer to read books in Norwegian. I translated the book using -docbook and a gettext PO file, and a byproduct of this process is a -new edition of the English original. I've been in touch with the -author during by work, and he said it was fine with him if I also -published an English version. So I decided to do so. Today, I made -this edition -<a href="http://www.lulu.com/shop/lawrence-lessig/free-culture/paperback/product-22402863.html">available -for sale on Lulu.com</a>, for those interested in a paper book. This -is the cover: - -<p align="center"><a href="http://www.lulu.com/shop/lawrence-lessig/free-culture/paperback/product-22402863.html"><img align="center" src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2015-10-23-free-culture-english-published-cover.png"/></a></p> - -<p>The Norwegian Bokmål version will be available for purchase in a -few days. I also plan to publish a French version in a few weeks or -months, depending on the amount of people with knowledge of French to -join the translation project. So far there is only one active -person, but the French book is almost completely translated but -need some proof reading.</p> - -<p>The book is also available in PDF, ePub and MOBI formats from -<a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig">my -github project page</a>. Note the ePub and MOBI versions have some -formatting problems I believe is due to bugs in the docbook tool -dbtoepub (Debian BTS issues -<a href="https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=795842">#795842</a> -and -<a href="https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=796871">#796871</a>), -but I have not taken the time to investigate. I recommend the PDF and -ePub version for now, as they seem to show up fine in the viewers I -have available.</p> - -<p>After the translation to Norwegian Bokmål was complete, I was able -to secure some sponsoring from -<a href="http://www.nuugfoundation.no/">the NUUG Foundation</a> to -print the book. This is the reason their logo is located on the back -cover. I am very grateful for their contribution, and will use it to -give a copy of the Norwegian edition to members of the Norwegian -Parliament and other decision makers here in Norway.</p> + Norwegian Bokmål translation of The Debian Administrator's Handbook complete, proofreading in progress + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Norwegian_Bokm_l_translation_of_The_Debian_Administrator_s_Handbook_complete__proofreading_in_progress.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Norwegian_Bokm_l_translation_of_The_Debian_Administrator_s_Handbook_complete__proofreading_in_progress.html + Fri, 3 Mar 2017 14:50:00 +0100 + <p>For almost a year now, we have been working on making a Norwegian +Bokmål edition of <a href="https://debian-handbook.info/">The Debian +Administrator's Handbook</a>. Now, thanks to the tireless effort of +Ole-Erik, Ingrid and Andreas, the initial translation is complete, and +we are working on the proof reading to ensure consistent language and +use of correct computer science terms. The plan is to make the book +available on paper, as well as in electronic form. For that to +happen, the proof reading must be completed and all the figures need +to be translated. If you want to help out, get in touch.</p> + +<p><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/debian-handbook/debian-handbook-nb-NO.pdf">A + +fresh PDF edition</a> in A4 format (the final book will have smaller +pages) of the book created every morning is available for +proofreading. If you find any errors, please +<a href="https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/debian-handbook/">visit +Weblate and correct the error</a>. The +<a href="http://l.github.io/debian-handbook/stat/nb-NO/index.html">state +of the translation including figures</a> is a useful source for those +provide Norwegian bokmål screen shots and figures.</p> - EU-domstolen konkluderer motsatt av Skatteetaten når det gjelder Bitcoin - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/EU_domstolen_konkluderer_motsatt_av_Skatteetaten_n_r_det_gjelder_Bitcoin.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/EU_domstolen_konkluderer_motsatt_av_Skatteetaten_n_r_det_gjelder_Bitcoin.html - Thu, 22 Oct 2015 13:20:00 +0200 - <p>Bitcoin er i litt vinden i Norge for tiden, med -<a href="http://www.nrk.no/ytring/en-digital-robin-hood-1.12604681">kronikk -om bitcoin-overføringer på tvers av landegrensene</A> hos NRK Ytring -for to dager siden og -<a href="https://tv.nrk.no/program/KOID25009815/kapital-bitcoin-en-digital-pengebinge">dokumentar -om bitcoin</a> på NRK 2 i forgårs og i går. I den sammenhengen er det -spesielt hyggelig med en gladnyhet fra EU om Bitcoin.</p> - -<p>I dag konkluderte EU-domstolen at -<a href="http://curia.europa.eu/juris/document/document.jsf?text=&docid=170305&pageIndex=0&doclang=en&mode=req&dir=&occ=first&part=1&cid=604079">Bitcoin-kjøp -fra Bitcoin-børser ikke er MVA-pliktig</a> (sak C‑264/14). Fant -<a href="http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/10/22/us-bitcoin-tax-eu-idUSKCN0SG0X920151022">nyheten -først hos Reuters</a>, etter tips fra innehaveren av -<a href="http://www.bitmynt.no/">Bitmynt</a>. EU-domstolens avgjørelse -er stikk i strid med -<a href="http://www.skatteetaten.no/no/Radgiver/Rettskilder/Uttalelser/Prinsipputtalelser/Bruk-av-bitcoins--skatte--og-avgiftsmessige-konsekvenser/">annonseringen -fra Skatteetaten i 2013</a>, der de konkluderte med at bitcoin er et -«formuesobjekter» som det skulle betales mva på ved kjøp og salg. -Dermed la Skatteetaten opp til dobbel MVA-betaling hvis en kjøpte noe -med Bitcoin fra Norge (først mva på kjøp av Bitcoin, deretter mva på -det en kjøper med Bitcoin). Jeg lurer på om denne avgjørelsen får -Skatteetaten til å bytte mening. Gleder meg til fortsettelsen.</p> + Unlimited randomness with the ChaosKey? + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Unlimited_randomness_with_the_ChaosKey_.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Unlimited_randomness_with_the_ChaosKey_.html + Wed, 1 Mar 2017 20:50:00 +0100 + <p>A few days ago I ordered a small batch of +<a href="http://altusmetrum.org/ChaosKey/">the ChaosKey</a>, a small +USB dongle for generating entropy created by Bdale Garbee and Keith +Packard. Yesterday it arrived, and I am very happy to report that it +work great! According to its designers, to get it to work out of the +box, you need the Linux kernel version 4.1 or later. I tested on a +Debian Stretch machine (kernel version 4.9), and there it worked just +fine, increasing the available entropy very quickly. I wrote a small +test oneliner to test. It first print the current entropy level, +drain /dev/random, and then print the entropy level for five seconds. +Here is the situation without the ChaosKey inserted:</p> + +<blockquote><pre> +% cat /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail; \ + dd bs=1M if=/dev/random of=/dev/null count=1; \ + for n in $(seq 1 5); do \ + cat /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail; \ + sleep 1; \ + done +300 +0+1 oppføringer inn +0+1 oppføringer ut +28 byte kopiert, 0,000264565 s, 106 kB/s +4 +8 +12 +17 +21 +% +</pre></blockquote> + +<p>The entropy level increases by 3-4 every second. In such case any +application requiring random bits (like a HTTPS enabled web server) +will halt and wait for more entrpy. And here is the situation with +the ChaosKey inserted:</p> + +<blockquote><pre> +% cat /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail; \ + dd bs=1M if=/dev/random of=/dev/null count=1; \ + for n in $(seq 1 5); do \ + cat /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail; \ + sleep 1; \ + done +1079 +0+1 oppføringer inn +0+1 oppføringer ut +104 byte kopiert, 0,000487647 s, 213 kB/s +433 +1028 +1031 +1035 +1038 +% +</pre></blockquote> + +<p>Quite the difference. :) I bought a few more than I need, in case +someone want to buy one here in Norway. :)</p> + +<p>Update: The dongle was presented at Debconf last year. You might +find <a href="https://debconf16.debconf.org/talks/94/">the talk +recording illuminating</a>. It explains exactly what the source of +randomness is, if you are unable to spot it from the schema drawing +available from the ChaosKey web site linked at the start of this blog +post.</p> - Lawrence Lessig interviewed Edward Snowden a year ago - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lawrence_Lessig_interviewed_Edward_Snowden_a_year_ago.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lawrence_Lessig_interviewed_Edward_Snowden_a_year_ago.html - Mon, 19 Oct 2015 11:50:00 +0200 - <p>Last year, <a href="https://lessig2016.us/">US president candidate -in the Democratic Party</a> Lawrence interviewed Edward Snowden. The -one hour interview was -<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o_Sr96TFQQE">published by -Harvard Law School 2014-10-23 on Youtube</a>, and the meeting took -place 2014-10-20.</p> - -<p>The questions are very good, and there is lots of useful -information to be learned and very interesting issues to think about -being raised. Please check it out.</p> - -<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/o_Sr96TFQQE" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe> - -<p>I find it especially interesting to hear again that Snowden did try -to bring up his reservations through the official channels without any -luck. It is in sharp contrast to the answers made 2013-11-06 by the -Norwegian prime minister Erna Solberg to the Norwegian Parliament, -<a href="https://tale.holderdeord.no/speeches/s131106/68">claiming -Snowden is no Whistle-Blower</a> because he should have taken up his -concerns internally and using official channels. It make me sad -that this is the political leadership we have here in Norway.</p> + Detect OOXML files with undefined behaviour? + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Detect_OOXML_files_with_undefined_behaviour_.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Detect_OOXML_files_with_undefined_behaviour_.html + Tue, 21 Feb 2017 00:20:00 +0100 + <p>I just noticed +<a href="http://www.arkivrad.no/aktuelt/riksarkivarens-forskrift-pa-horing">the +new Norwegian proposal for archiving rules in the goverment</a> list +<a href="http://www.ecma-international.org/publications/standards/Ecma-376.htm">ECMA-376</a> +/ ISO/IEC 29500 (aka OOXML) as valid formats to put in long term +storage. Luckily such files will only be accepted based on +pre-approval from the National Archive. Allowing OOXML files to be +used for long term storage might seem like a good idea as long as we +forget that there are plenty of ways for a "valid" OOXML document to +have content with no defined interpretation in the standard, which +lead to a question and an idea.</p> + +<p>Is there any tool to detect if a OOXML document depend on such +undefined behaviour? It would be useful for the National Archive (and +anyone else interested in verifying that a document is well defined) +to have such tool available when considering to approve the use of +OOXML. I'm aware of the +<a href="https://github.com/arlm/officeotron/">officeotron OOXML +validator</a>, but do not know how complete it is nor if it will +report use of undefined behaviour. Are there other similar tools +available? Please send me an email if you know of any such tool.</p> - The Story of Aaron Swartz - Let us all weep! - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_Story_of_Aaron_Swartz___Let_us_all_weep_.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_Story_of_Aaron_Swartz___Let_us_all_weep_.html - Thu, 8 Oct 2015 12:10:00 +0200 - <p>The movie "<a href="http://www.takepart.com/internets-own-boy">The -Internet's Own Boy: The Story of Aaron Swartz</a>" is both inspiring -and depressing at the same time. The work of Aaron Swartz has -inspired me in my work, and I am grateful of all the improvements he -was able to initiate or complete. I wish I am able to do as much good -in my life as he did in his. Every minute of this 1:45 long movie is -inspiring in documenting how much impact a single person can have on -improving the society and this world. And it is depressing in -documenting how the law enforcement of USA (and other countries) is -corrupted to a point where they can push a bright kid to his death for -downloading too many scientific articles. Aaron is dead. Let us all -weep.</p> - -<p>The movie is also available on -<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vXr-2hwTk58">Youtube</a>. I -wish there were Norwegian subtitles available, so I could show it to -my parents.</p> + Ruling ignored our objections to the seizure of popcorn-time.no (#domstolkontroll) + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ruling_ignored_our_objections_to_the_seizure_of_popcorn_time_no___domstolkontroll_.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ruling_ignored_our_objections_to_the_seizure_of_popcorn_time_no___domstolkontroll_.html + Mon, 13 Feb 2017 21:30:00 +0100 + <p>A few days ago, we received the ruling from +<a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_day_in_court_challenging_seizure_of_popcorn_time_no_for__domstolkontroll.html">my +day in court</a>. The case in question is a challenge of the seizure +of the DNS domain popcorn-time.no. The ruling simply did not mention +most of our arguments, and seemed to take everything ØKOKRIM said at +face value, ignoring our demonstration and explanations. But it is +hard to tell for sure, as we still have not seen most of the documents +in the case and thus were unprepared and unable to contradict several +of the claims made in court by the opposition. We are considering an +appeal, but it is partly a question of funding, as it is costing us +quite a bit to pay for our lawyer. If you want to help, please +<a href="http://www.nuug.no/dns-beslag-donasjon.shtml">donate to the +NUUG defense fund</a>.</p> + +<p>The details of the case, as far as we know it, is available in +Norwegian from +<a href="https://www.nuug.no/news/tags/dns-domenebeslag/">the NUUG +blog</a>. This also include +<a href="https://www.nuug.no/news/Avslag_etter_rettslig_h_ring_om_DNS_beslaget___vurderer_veien_videre.shtml">the +ruling itself</a>.</p> - Alle Stortingets mobiltelefoner kontrolleres fra USA... - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Alle_Stortingets_mobiltelefoner_kontrolleres_fra_USA___.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Alle_Stortingets_mobiltelefoner_kontrolleres_fra_USA___.html - Wed, 7 Oct 2015 09:55:00 +0200 - <p>Jeg lot meg fascinere av -<a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/iriks/politikk/Stortinget-har-tilgang-til-a-fjernstyre-600-mobiler-8192692.html">en -artikkel i Aftenposten</a> der det fortelles at «over 600 telefoner som -benyttes av stortingsrepresentanter, rådgivere og ansatte på -Stortinget, kan «fjernstyres» ved hjelp av -<a href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.airwatch.androidagent">programvaren -Airwatch</a>, et såkalte MDM-program (Mobile Device Managment)». Det -hele bagatelliseres av Stortingets IT-stab, men det er i hovedsak på -grunn av at journalisten ikke stiller de relevante spørsmålene. For -meg er det relevante spørsmålet hvem som har lovlig tilgang (i henhold -til lokal lovgiving, dvs. i hvert fall i Norge, Sverige, UK og USA) -til informasjon om og på telefonene, og hvor enkelt det er å skaffe -seg tilgang til hvor mobilene befinner seg og informasjon som befinner -seg på telefonene ved hjelp av utro tjenere, trusler, innbrudd og -andre ulovlige metoder.</p> - -<p>Bruken av AirWatch betyr i realiteten at USAs etteretning og -politimyndigheter har full tilgang til stortingets mobiltelefoner, -inkludert posisjon og innhold, takket være -<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_Intelligence_Surveillance_Act_of_1978_Amendments_Act_of_2008">FISAAA-loven</a> -og -"<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_security_letter">National -Security Letters</a>" og det enkle faktum at selskapet -<a href="http://www.airwatch.com/">AirWatch</a> er kontrollert av et -selskap i USA. I tillegg er det kjent at flere lands -etterretningstjenester kan lytte på trafikken når den passerer -landegrensene.</p> - -<p>Jeg har bedt om mer informasjon -<a href="https://www.mimesbronn.no/request/saksnummer_for_saker_anganede_br">fra -Stortinget om bruken av AirWatch</a> via Mimes brønn så får vi se hva -de har å fortelle om saken. Fant ingenting om 'airwatch' i -postjournalen til Stortinget, så jeg trenger hjelp før jeg kan be om -innsyn i konkrete dokumenter.</p> - -<p>Oppdatering 2015-10-07: Jeg er blitt spurt hvorfor jeg antar at -AirWatch-agenten rapporterer til USA og ikke direkte til Stortingets -egen infrastruktur. Det stemmer at det er teknisk mulig å sette -opp mobiltelefonene til å rapportere til datamaskiner som eies av -Stortinget. Jeg antar det rapporteres til AirWatch sine sentrale -tjenester basert på det jeg leste fra beskrivelsen av -<a href="http://www.airwatch.com/solutions/mobile-device-management/">Mobile -Device Management</A> på AirWatch sine egne nettsider, koblet med at -det brukes en standard app som kan hentes fra "app-butikkene" for å få -tilgang. Enten må app-en settes opp individuelt hos Stortinget, eller -så får den beskjed fra AirWatch i USA om hvor den skal koble seg opp. -I det første tilfellet vil den ikke rapportere direkte til USA, men -til programvare utviklet av AirWatch som kjører på en maskin under -Stortingets kontroll. Det er litt bedre, men fortsatt vil det være -umulig for Stortinget å være sikker på hva programvaren som tar imot -forbindelser gjør. Jeg ser fra beskrivelsen av -<a href="http://www.airwatch.com/differentiators/enterprise-integration/">Enterprice -Integration</a> hos AirWatch at det er mulig å ha lokal installasjon, -og håper innsynsforespørsler mot Stortinget kan fortelle mer om -hvordan ting konkret fungerer der.</p> + A day in court challenging seizure of popcorn-time.no for #domstolkontroll + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_day_in_court_challenging_seizure_of_popcorn_time_no_for__domstolkontroll.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_day_in_court_challenging_seizure_of_popcorn_time_no_for__domstolkontroll.html + Fri, 3 Feb 2017 11:10:00 +0100 + <p align="center"><img width="70%" src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2017-02-01-popcorn-time-in-court.jpeg"></p> + +<p>On Wednesday, I spent the entire day in court in Follo Tingrett +representing <a href="https://www.nuug.no/">the member association +NUUG</a>, alongside <a href="https://www.efn.no/">the member +association EFN</a> and <a href="http://www.imc.no">the DNS registrar +IMC</a>, challenging the seizure of the DNS name popcorn-time.no. It +was interesting to sit in a court of law for the first time in my +life. Our team can be seen in the picture above: attorney Ola +Tellesbø, EFN board member Tom Fredrik Blenning, IMC CEO Morten Emil +Eriksen and NUUG board member Petter Reinholdtsen.</p> + +<p><a href="http://www.domstol.no/no/Enkelt-domstol/follo-tingrett/Nar-gar-rettssaken/Beramming/?cid=AAAA1701301512081262234UJFBVEZZZZZEJBAvtale">The +case at hand</a> is that the Norwegian National Authority for +Investigation and Prosecution of Economic and Environmental Crime (aka +Økokrim) decided on their own, to seize a DNS domain early last +year, without following +<a href="https://www.norid.no/no/regelverk/navnepolitikk/#link12">the +official policy of the Norwegian DNS authority</a> which require a +court decision. The web site in question was a site covering Popcorn +Time. And Popcorn Time is the name of a technology with both legal +and illegal applications. Popcorn Time is a client combining +searching a Bittorrent directory available on the Internet with +downloading/distribute content via Bittorrent and playing the +downloaded content on screen. It can be used illegally if it is used +to distribute content against the will of the right holder, but it can +also be used legally to play a lot of content, for example the +millions of movies +<a href="https://archive.org/details/movies">available from the +Internet Archive</a> or the collection +<a href="http://vodo.net/films/">available from Vodo</a>. We created +<a href="magnet:?xt=urn:btih:86c1802af5a667ca56d3918aecb7d3c0f7173084&dn=PresentasjonFolloTingrett.mov&tr=udp%3A%2F%2Fpublic.popcorn-tracker.org%3A6969%2Fannounce">a +video demonstrating legally use of Popcorn Time</a> and played it in +Court. It can of course be downloaded using Bittorrent.</p> + +<p>I did not quite know what to expect from a day in court. The +government held on to their version of the story and we held on to +ours, and I hope the judge is able to make sense of it all. We will +know in two weeks time. Unfortunately I do not have high hopes, as +the Government have the upper hand here with more knowledge about the +case, better training in handling criminal law and in general higher +standing in the courts than fairly unknown DNS registrar and member +associations. It is expensive to be right also in Norway. So far the +case have cost more than NOK 70 000,-. To help fund the case, NUUG +and EFN have asked for donations, and managed to collect around NOK 25 +000,- so far. Given the presentation from the Government, I expect +the government to appeal if the case go our way. And if the case do +not go our way, I hope we have enough funding to appeal.</p> + +<p>From the other side came two people from Økokrim. On the benches, +appearing to be part of the group from the government were two people +from the Simonsen Vogt Wiik lawyer office, and three others I am not +quite sure who was. Økokrim had proposed to present two witnesses +from The Motion Picture Association, but this was rejected because +they did not speak Norwegian and it was a bit late to bring in a +translator, but perhaps the two from MPA were present anyway. All +seven appeared to know each other. Good to see the case is take +seriously.</p> + +<p>If you, like me, believe the courts should be involved before a DNS +domain is hijacked by the government, or you believe the Popcorn Time +technology have a lot of useful and legal applications, I suggest you +too <a href="http://www.nuug.no/dns-beslag-donasjon.shtml">donate to +the NUUG defense fund</a>. Both Bitcoin and bank transfer are +available. If NUUG get more than we need for the legal action (very +unlikely), the rest will be spend promoting free software, open +standards and unix-like operating systems in Norway, so no matter what +happens the money will be put to good use.</p> + +<p>If you want to lean more about the case, I recommend you check out +<a href="https://www.nuug.no/news/tags/dns-domenebeslag/">the blog +posts from NUUG covering the case</a>. They cover the legal arguments +on both sides.</p> - French Docbook/PDF/EPUB/MOBI edition of the Free Culture book - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/French_Docbook_PDF_EPUB_MOBI_edition_of_the_Free_Culture_book.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/French_Docbook_PDF_EPUB_MOBI_edition_of_the_Free_Culture_book.html - Thu, 1 Oct 2015 13:20:00 +0200 - <p>As I wrap up the Norwegian version of -<a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig">Free -Culture</a> book by Lawrence Lessig (still waiting for my final proof -reading copy to arrive in the mail), my great -<a href="http://dblatex.sourceforge.net/">dblatex</a> helper and -developer of the dblatex docbook processor, Benoît Guillon, decided a -to try to create a French version of the book. He started with the -French translation available from the -<a href="http://www.wikilivres.ca/wiki/Culture_libre">Wikilivres wiki -pages</a>, and wrote a program to convert it into a PO file, allowing -the translation to be integrated into the po4a based framework I use -to create the Norwegian translation from the English edition. We meet -on the <a href="irc://irc.freenode.net/%23dblatex">#dblatex IRC -channel</a> to discuss the work. If you want to help create a French -edition, check out -<a href="https://github.com/marsgui/free-culture-lessig">his git -repository</a> and join us on IRC. If the French edition look good, -we might publish it as a paper book on lulu.com. A French version of -the drawings and the cover need to be provided for this to happen.</p> + Nasjonalbiblioteket avslutter sin ulovlige bruk av Google Skjemaer + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Nasjonalbiblioteket_avslutter_sin_ulovlige_bruk_av_Google_Skjemaer.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Nasjonalbiblioteket_avslutter_sin_ulovlige_bruk_av_Google_Skjemaer.html + Thu, 12 Jan 2017 09:40:00 +0100 + <p>I dag fikk jeg en skikkelig gladmelding. Bakgrunnen er at før jul +arrangerte Nasjonalbiblioteket +<a href="http://www.nb.no/Bibliotekutvikling/Kunnskapsorganisering/Nasjonalt-verksregister/Seminar-om-verksregister">et +seminar om sitt knakende gode tiltak «verksregister»</a>. Eneste +måten å melde seg på dette seminaret var å sende personopplysninger +til Google via Google Skjemaer. Dette syntes jeg var tvilsom praksis, +da det bør være mulig å delta på seminarer arrangert av det offentlige +uten å måtte dele sine interesser, posisjon og andre +personopplysninger med Google. Jeg ba derfor om innsyn via +<a href="https://www.mimesbronn.no/">Mimes brønn</a> i +<a href="https://www.mimesbronn.no/request/personopplysninger_til_google_sk">avtaler +og vurderinger Nasjonalbiblioteket hadde rundt dette</a>. +Personopplysningsloven legger klare rammer for hva som må være på +plass før en kan be tredjeparter, spesielt i utlandet, behandle +personopplysninger på sine vegne, så det burde eksistere grundig +dokumentasjon før noe slikt kan bli lovlig. To jurister hos +Nasjonalbiblioteket mente først dette var helt i orden, og at Googles +standardavtale kunne brukes som databehandlingsavtale. Det syntes jeg +var merkelig, men har ikke hatt kapasitet til å følge opp saken før +for to dager siden.</p> + +<p>Gladnyheten i dag, som kom etter at jeg tipset Nasjonalbiblioteket +om at Datatilsynet underkjente Googles standardavtaler som +databehandleravtaler i 2011, er at Nasjonalbiblioteket har bestemt seg +for å avslutte bruken av Googles Skjemaer/Apps og gå i dialog med DIFI +for å finne bedre måter å håndtere påmeldinger i tråd med +personopplysningsloven. Det er fantastisk å se at av og til hjelper +det å spørre hva i alle dager det offentlige holder på med.</p> - The life and death of a laptop battery - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_life_and_death_of_a_laptop_battery.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_life_and_death_of_a_laptop_battery.html - Thu, 24 Sep 2015 16:00:00 +0200 - <p>When I get a new laptop, the battery life time at the start is OK. -But this do not last. The last few laptops gave me a feeling that -within a year, the life time is just a fraction of what it used to be, -and it slowly become painful to use the laptop without power connected -all the time. Because of this, when I got a new Thinkpad X230 laptop -about two years ago, I decided to monitor its battery state to have -more hard facts when the battery started to fail.</p> - -<img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2015-09-24-laptop-battery-graph.png"/> - -<p>First I tried to find a sensible Debian package to record the -battery status, assuming that this must be a problem already handled -by someone else. I found -<a href="https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/battery-stats">battery-stats</a>, -which collects statistics from the battery, but it was completely -broken. I sent a few suggestions to the maintainer, but decided to -write my own collector as a shell script while I waited for feedback -from him. Via -<a href="http://www.ifweassume.com/2013/08/the-de-evolution-of-my-laptop-battery.html">a -blog post about the battery development on a MacBook Air</a> I also -discovered -<a href="https://github.com/jradavenport/batlog.git">batlog</a>, not -available in Debian.</p> - -<p>I started my collector 2013-07-15, and it has been collecting -battery stats ever since. Now my -/var/log/hjemmenett-battery-status.log file contain around 115,000 -measurements, from the time the battery was working great until now, -when it is unable to charge above 7% of original capacity. My -collector shell script is quite simple and look like this:</p> - -<pre> -#!/bin/sh -# Inspired by -# http://www.ifweassume.com/2013/08/the-de-evolution-of-my-laptop-battery.html -# See also -# http://blog.sleeplessbeastie.eu/2013/01/02/debian-how-to-monitor-battery-capacity/ -logfile=/var/log/hjemmenett-battery-status.log - -files="manufacturer model_name technology serial_number \ - energy_full energy_full_design energy_now cycle_count status" - -if [ ! -e "$logfile" ] ; then - ( - printf "timestamp," - for f in $files; do - printf "%s," $f - done - echo - ) > "$logfile" -fi - -log_battery() { - # Print complete message in one echo call, to avoid race condition - # when several log processes run in parallel. - msg=$(printf "%s," $(date +%s); \ - for f in $files; do \ - printf "%s," $(cat $f); \ - done) - echo "$msg" -} - -cd /sys/class/power_supply - -for bat in BAT*; do - (cd $bat && log_battery >> "$logfile") -done -</pre> - -<p>The script is called when the power management system detect a -change in the power status (power plug in or out), and when going into -and out of hibernation and suspend. In addition, it collect a value -every 10 minutes. This make it possible for me know when the battery -is discharging, charging and how the maximum charge change over time. -The code for the Debian package -<a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/battery-status">is now -available on github</a>.</p> - -<p>The collected log file look like this:</p> - -<pre> -timestamp,manufacturer,model_name,technology,serial_number,energy_full,energy_full_design,energy_now,cycle_count,status, -1376591133,LGC,45N1025,Li-ion,974,62800000,62160000,39050000,0,Discharging, -[...] -1443090528,LGC,45N1025,Li-ion,974,4900000,62160000,4900000,0,Full, -1443090601,LGC,45N1025,Li-ion,974,4900000,62160000,4900000,0,Full, -</pre> - -<p>I wrote a small script to create a graph of the charge development -over time. This graph depicted above show the slow death of my laptop -battery.</p> - -<p>But why is this happening? Why are my laptop batteries always -dying in a year or two, while the batteries of space probes and -satellites keep working year after year. If we are to believe -<a href="http://batteryuniversity.com/learn/article/how_to_prolong_lithium_based_batteries">Battery -University</a>, the cause is me charging the battery whenever I have a -chance, and the fix is to not charge the Lithium-ion batteries to 100% -all the time, but to stay below 90% of full charge most of the time. -I've been told that the Tesla electric cars -<a href="http://my.teslamotors.com/de_CH/forum/forums/battery-charge-limit">limit -the charge of their batteries to 80%</a>, with the option to charge to -100% when preparing for a longer trip (not that I would want a car -like Tesla where rights to privacy is abandoned, but that is another -story), which I guess is the option we should have for laptops on -Linux too.</p> - -<p>Is there a good and generic way with Linux to tell the battery to -stop charging at 80%, unless requested to charge to 100% once in -preparation for a longer trip? I found -<a href="http://askubuntu.com/questions/34452/how-can-i-limit-battery-charging-to-80-capacity">one -recipe on askubuntu for Ubuntu to limit charging on Thinkpad to -80%</a>, but could not get it to work (kernel module refused to -load).</p> - -<p>I wonder why the battery capacity was reported to be more than 100% -at the start. I also wonder why the "full capacity" increases some -times, and if it is possible to repeat the process to get the battery -back to design capacity. And I wonder if the discharge and charge -speed change over time, or if this stay the same. I did not yet try -to write a tool to calculate the derivative values of the battery -level, but suspect some interesting insights might be learned from -those.</p> - -<p>Update 2015-09-24: I got a tip to install the packages -acpi-call-dkms and tlp (unfortunately missing in Debian stable) -packages instead of the tp-smapi-dkms package I had tried to use -initially, and use 'tlp setcharge 40 80' to change when charging start -and stop. I've done so now, but expect my existing battery is toast -and need to be replaced. The proposal is unfortunately Thinkpad -specific.</p> + Bryter NAV sin egen personvernerklæring? + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Bryter_NAV_sin_egen_personvernerkl_ring_.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Bryter_NAV_sin_egen_personvernerkl_ring_.html + Wed, 11 Jan 2017 06:50:00 +0100 + <p>Jeg leste med interesse en nyhetssak hos +<a href="http://www.digi.no/artikler/nav-avslorer-trygdemisbruk-ved-a-spore-ip-adresser/367394">digi.no</a> +og +<a href="https://www.nrk.no/buskerud/trygdesvindlere-avslores-av-utenlandske-ip-adresser-1.13313461">NRK</a> +om at det ikke bare er meg, men at også NAV bedriver geolokalisering +av IP-adresser, og at det gjøres analyse av IP-adressene til de som +sendes inn meldekort for å se om meldekortet sendes inn fra +utenlandske IP-adresser. Politiadvokat i Drammen, Hans Lyder Haare, +er sitert i NRK på at «De to er jo blant annet avslørt av +IP-adresser. At man ser at meldekortet kommer fra utlandet.»</p> + +<p>Jeg synes det er fint at det blir bedre kjent at IP-adresser +knyttes til enkeltpersoner og at innsamlet informasjon brukes til å +stedsbestemme personer også av aktører her i Norge. Jeg ser det som +nok et argument for å bruke +<a href="https://www.torproject.org/">Tor</a> så mye som mulig for å +gjøre gjøre IP-lokalisering vanskeligere, slik at en kan beskytte sin +privatsfære og unngå å dele sin fysiske plassering med +uvedkommede.</p> + +<P>Men det er en ting som bekymrer meg rundt denne nyheten. Jeg ble +tipset (takk #nuug) om +<a href="https://www.nav.no/no/NAV+og+samfunn/Kontakt+NAV/Teknisk+brukerstotte/Snarveier/personvernerkl%C3%A6ring-for-arbeids-og-velferdsetaten">NAVs +personvernerklæring</a>, som under punktet «Personvern og statistikk» +lyder:</p> + +<p><blockquote> + +<p>«Når du besøker nav.no, etterlater du deg elektroniske spor. Sporene +dannes fordi din nettleser automatisk sender en rekke opplysninger til +NAVs tjener (server-maskin) hver gang du ber om å få vist en side. Det +er eksempelvis opplysninger om hvilken nettleser og -versjon du +bruker, og din internettadresse (ip-adresse). For hver side som vises, +lagres følgende opplysninger:</p> + +<ul> +<li>hvilken side du ser på</li> +<li>dato og tid</li> +<li>hvilken nettleser du bruker</li> +<li>din ip-adresse</li> +</ul> + +<p>Ingen av opplysningene vil bli brukt til å identifisere +enkeltpersoner. NAV bruker disse opplysningene til å generere en +samlet statistikk som blant annet viser hvilke sider som er mest +populære. Statistikken er et redskap til å forbedre våre +tjenester.»</p> + +</blockquote></p> + +<p>Jeg klarer ikke helt å se hvordan analyse av de besøkendes +IP-adresser for å se hvem som sender inn meldekort via web fra en +IP-adresse i utlandet kan gjøres uten å komme i strid med påstanden om +at «ingen av opplysningene vil bli brukt til å identifisere +enkeltpersoner». Det virker dermed for meg som at NAV bryter sine +egen personvernerklæring, hvilket +<a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Er_lover_brutt_n_r_personvernpolicy_ikke_stemmer_med_praksis_.html">Datatilsynet +fortalte meg i starten av desember antagelig er brudd på +personopplysningsloven</a>. + +<p>I tillegg er personvernerklæringen ganske misvisende i og med at +NAVs nettsider ikke bare forsyner NAV med personopplysninger, men i +tillegg ber brukernes nettleser kontakte fem andre nettjenere +(script.hotjar.com, static.hotjar.com, vars.hotjar.com, +www.google-analytics.com og www.googletagmanager.com), slik at +personopplysninger blir gjort tilgjengelig for selskapene Hotjar og +Google , og alle som kan lytte på trafikken på veien (som FRA, GCHQ og +NSA). Jeg klarer heller ikke se hvordan slikt spredning av +personopplysninger kan være i tråd med kravene i +personopplysningloven, eller i tråd med NAVs personvernerklæring.</p> + +<p>Kanskje NAV bør ta en nøye titt på sin personvernerklæring? Eller +kanskje Datatilsynet bør gjøre det?</p> - Book cover for the Free Culture book finally done - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Book_cover_for_the_Free_Culture_book_finally_done.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Book_cover_for_the_Free_Culture_book_finally_done.html - Thu, 3 Sep 2015 21:00:00 +0200 - <p>Creating a good looking book cover proved harder than I expected. -I wanted to create a cover looking similar to the original cover of -the -<a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig">Free -Culture</a> book we are translating to Norwegian, and I wanted it in -vector format for high resolution printing. But my inkscape knowledge -were not nearly good enough to pull that off. - -<p>But thanks to the great inkscape community, I was able to wrap up -the cover yesterday evening. I asked on the -<a href="irc://irc.freenode.net/%23inkscape">#inkscape IRC channel</a> -on Freenode for help and clues, and Marc Jeanmougin (Mc-) volunteered -to try to recreate it based on the PDF of the cover from the HTML -version. Not only did he create a -<a href="https://marc.jeanmougin.fr/share/copy1.svg ">SVG document with -the original and his vector version side by side</a>, he even provided -an <a href="https://marc.jeanmougin.fr/share/out-1.ogv">instruction -video</a> explaining how he did it</a>. But the instruction video is -not easy to follow for an untrained inkscape user. The video is a -recording on how he did it, and he is obviously very experienced as -the menu selections are very quick and he mentioned on IRC that he did -use some keyboard shortcuts that can't be seen on the video, but it -give a good idea about the inkscape operations to use to create the -stripes with the embossed copyright sign in the center.</p> - -<p>I took his SVG file, copied the vector image and re-sized it to fit -on the cover I was drawing. I am happy with the end result, and the -current english version look like this:</p> - -<img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2015-09-03-free-culture-cover.png" width="70%" align="center"/> - -<p>I am not quite sure about the text on the back, but guess it will -do. I picked three quotes from the official site for the book, and -hope it will work to trigger the interest of potential readers. The -Norwegian cover will look the same, but with the texts and bar code -replaced with the Norwegian version.</p> - -<p>The book is very close to being ready for publication, and I expect -to upload the final draft to Lulu in the next few days and order a -final proof reading copy to verify that everything look like it should -before allowing everyone to order their own copy of Free Culture, in -English or Norwegian Bokmål. I'm waiting to give the the productive -proof readers a chance to complete their work.</p> + Where did that package go? &mdash; geolocated IP traceroute + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Where_did_that_package_go___mdash__geolocated_IP_traceroute.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Where_did_that_package_go___mdash__geolocated_IP_traceroute.html + Mon, 9 Jan 2017 12:20:00 +0100 + <p>Did you ever wonder where the web trafic really flow to reach the +web servers, and who own the network equipment it is flowing through? +It is possible to get a glimpse of this from using traceroute, but it +is hard to find all the details. Many years ago, I wrote a system to +map the Norwegian Internet (trying to figure out if our plans for a +network game service would get low enough latency, and who we needed +to talk to about setting up game servers close to the users. Back +then I used traceroute output from many locations (I asked my friends +to run a script and send me their traceroute output) to create the +graph and the map. The output from traceroute typically look like +this: + +<p><pre> +traceroute to www.stortinget.no (85.88.67.10), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets + 1 uio-gw10.uio.no (129.240.202.1) 0.447 ms 0.486 ms 0.621 ms + 2 uio-gw8.uio.no (129.240.24.229) 0.467 ms 0.578 ms 0.675 ms + 3 oslo-gw1.uninett.no (128.39.65.17) 0.385 ms 0.373 ms 0.358 ms + 4 te3-1-2.br1.fn3.as2116.net (193.156.90.3) 1.174 ms 1.172 ms 1.153 ms + 5 he16-1-1.cr1.san110.as2116.net (195.0.244.234) 2.627 ms he16-1-1.cr2.oslosda310.as2116.net (195.0.244.48) 3.172 ms he16-1-1.cr1.san110.as2116.net (195.0.244.234) 2.857 ms + 6 ae1.ar8.oslosda310.as2116.net (195.0.242.39) 0.662 ms 0.637 ms ae0.ar8.oslosda310.as2116.net (195.0.242.23) 0.622 ms + 7 89.191.10.146 (89.191.10.146) 0.931 ms 0.917 ms 0.955 ms + 8 * * * + 9 * * * +[...] +</pre></p> + +<p>This show the DNS names and IP addresses of (at least some of the) +network equipment involved in getting the data traffic from me to the +www.stortinget.no server, and how long it took in milliseconds for a +package to reach the equipment and return to me. Three packages are +sent, and some times the packages do not follow the same path. This +is shown for hop 5, where three different IP addresses replied to the +traceroute request.</p> + +<p>There are many ways to measure trace routes. Other good traceroute +implementations I use are traceroute (using ICMP packages) mtr (can do +both ICMP, UDP and TCP) and scapy (python library with ICMP, UDP, TCP +traceroute and a lot of other capabilities). All of them are easily +available in <a href="https://www.debian.org/">Debian</a>.</p> + +<p>This time around, I wanted to know the geographic location of +different route points, to visualize how visiting a web page spread +information about the visit to a lot of servers around the globe. The +background is that a web site today often will ask the browser to get +from many servers the parts (for example HTML, JSON, fonts, +JavaScript, CSS, video) required to display the content. This will +leak information about the visit to those controlling these servers +and anyone able to peek at the data traffic passing by (like your ISP, +the ISPs backbone provider, FRA, GCHQ, NSA and others).</p> + +<p>Lets pick an example, the Norwegian parliament web site +www.stortinget.no. It is read daily by all members of parliament and +their staff, as well as political journalists, activits and many other +citizens of Norway. A visit to the www.stortinget.no web site will +ask your browser to contact 8 other servers: ajax.googleapis.com, +insights.hotjar.com, script.hotjar.com, static.hotjar.com, +stats.g.doubleclick.net, www.google-analytics.com, +www.googletagmanager.com and www.netigate.se. I extracted this by +asking <a href="http://phantomjs.org/">PhantomJS</a> to visit the +Stortinget web page and tell me all the URLs PhantomJS downloaded to +render the page (in HAR format using +<a href="https://github.com/ariya/phantomjs/blob/master/examples/netsniff.js">their +netsniff example</a>. I am very grateful to Gorm for showing me how +to do this). My goal is to visualize network traces to all IP +addresses behind these DNS names, do show where visitors personal +information is spread when visiting the page.</p> + +<p align="center"><a href="www.stortinget.no-geoip.kml"><img +src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2017-01-09-www.stortinget.no-geoip-small.png" alt="map of combined traces for URLs used by www.stortinget.no using GeoIP"/></a></p> + +<p>When I had a look around for options, I could not find any good +free software tools to do this, and decided I needed my own traceroute +wrapper outputting KML based on locations looked up using GeoIP. KML +is easy to work with and easy to generate, and understood by several +of the GIS tools I have available. I got good help from by NUUG +colleague Anders Einar with this, and the result can be seen in +<a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/kmltraceroute">my +kmltraceroute git repository</a>. Unfortunately, the quality of the +free GeoIP databases I could find (and the for-pay databases my +friends had access to) is not up to the task. The IP addresses of +central Internet infrastructure would typically be placed near the +controlling companies main office, and not where the router is really +located, as you can see from <a href="www.stortinget.no-geoip.kml">the +KML file I created</a> using the GeoLite City dataset from MaxMind. + +<p align="center"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2017-01-09-www.stortinget.no-scapy.svg"><img +src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2017-01-09-www.stortinget.no-scapy-small.png" alt="scapy traceroute graph for URLs used by www.stortinget.no"/></a></p> + +<p>I also had a look at the visual traceroute graph created by +<a href="http://www.secdev.org/projects/scapy/">the scrapy project</a>, +showing IP network ownership (aka AS owner) for the IP address in +question. +<a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2017-01-09-www.stortinget.no-scapy.svg">The +graph display a lot of useful information about the traceroute in SVG +format</a>, and give a good indication on who control the network +equipment involved, but it do not include geolocation. This graph +make it possible to see the information is made available at least for +UNINETT, Catchcom, Stortinget, Nordunet, Google, Amazon, Telia, Level +3 Communications and NetDNA.</p> + +<p align="center"><a href="https://geotraceroute.com/index.php?node=4&host=www.stortinget.no"><img +src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2017-01-09-www.stortinget.no-geotraceroute-small.png" alt="example geotraceroute view for www.stortinget.no"/></a></p> + +<p>In the process, I came across the +<a href="https://geotraceroute.com/">web service GeoTraceroute</a> by +Salim Gasmi. Its methology of combining guesses based on DNS names, +various location databases and finally use latecy times to rule out +candidate locations seemed to do a very good job of guessing correct +geolocation. But it could only do one trace at the time, did not have +a sensor in Norway and did not make the geolocations easily available +for postprocessing. So I contacted the developer and asked if he +would be willing to share the code (he refused until he had time to +clean it up), but he was interested in providing the geolocations in a +machine readable format, and willing to set up a sensor in Norway. So +since yesterday, it is possible to run traces from Norway in this +service thanks to a sensor node set up by +<a href="https://www.nuug.no/">the NUUG assosiation</a>, and get the +trace in KML format for further processing.</p> + +<p align="center"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2017-01-09-www.stortinget.no-geotraceroute-kml-join.kml"><img +src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2017-01-09-www.stortinget.no-geotraceroute-kml-join.png" alt="map of combined traces for URLs used by www.stortinget.no using geotraceroute"/></a></p> + +<p>Here we can see a lot of trafic passes Sweden on its way to +Denmark, Germany, Holland and Ireland. Plenty of places where the +Snowden confirmations verified the traffic is read by various actors +without your best interest as their top priority.</p> + +<p>Combining KML files is trivial using a text editor, so I could loop +over all the hosts behind the urls imported by www.stortinget.no and +ask for the KML file from GeoTraceroute, and create a combined KML +file with all the traces (unfortunately only one of the IP addresses +behind the DNS name is traced this time. To get them all, one would +have to request traces using IP number instead of DNS names from +GeoTraceroute). That might be the next step in this project.</p> + +<p>Armed with these tools, I find it a lot easier to figure out where +the IP traffic moves and who control the boxes involved in moving it. +And every time the link crosses for example the Swedish border, we can +be sure Swedish Signal Intelligence (FRA) is listening, as GCHQ do in +Britain and NSA in USA and cables around the globe. (Hm, what should +we tell them? :) Keep that in mind if you ever send anything +unencrypted over the Internet.</p> + +<p>PS: KML files are drawn using +<a href="http://ivanrublev.me/kml/">the KML viewer from Ivan +Rublev<a/>, as it was less cluttered than the local Linux application +Marble. There are heaps of other options too.</p> + +<p>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my +activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address +<b><a href="bitcoin:15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b&label=PetterReinholdtsenBlog">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b</a></b>.</p>