X-Git-Url: http://pere.pagekite.me/gitweb/homepage.git/blobdiff_plain/55372de68ea018b89d8bc929ee1a9b90e9a7cf73..aa4069048e4b39f85304deb4c9abc90695b8441c:/blog/index.rss

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@@ -7,1237 +7,634 @@
                 <atom:link href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/index.rss" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
 	
 	<item>
-		<title>MakerCon Nordic videos now available on Frikanalen</title>
-		<link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/MakerCon_Nordic_videos_now_available_on_Frikanalen.html</link>
-		<guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/MakerCon_Nordic_videos_now_available_on_Frikanalen.html</guid>
-                <pubDate>Thu, 2 Jul 2015 14:10:00 +0200</pubDate>
-		<description>&lt;p&gt;Last oktober I was involved on behalf of
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/&quot;&gt;NUUG&lt;/a&gt; with recording the talks at
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.makercon.no/&quot;&gt;MakerCon Nordic&lt;/a&gt;, a conference for
-the Maker movement.  Since then it has been the plan to publish the
-recordings on &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.frikanalen.no/&quot;&gt;Frikanalen&lt;/a&gt;, which
-finally happened the last few days.  A few talks are missing because
-the speakers asked the organizers to not publish them, but most of the
-talks are available.  The talks are being broadcasted on RiksTV
-channel 50 and using multicast on Uninett, as well as being available
-from the Frikanalen web site.  The unedited recordings are
-&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/user/MakerConNordic/&quot;&gt;available on
-Youtube too&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;This is the list of talks available at the moment.  Visit the
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://beta.frikanalen.no/video/?q=makercon&quot;&gt;Frikanalen video
-pages&lt;/a&gt; to view them.&lt;/p&gt;
+		<title>Idea for storing trusted timestamps in a Noark 5 archive</title>
+		<link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_storing_trusted_timestamps_in_a_Noark_5_archive.html</link>
+		<guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_storing_trusted_timestamps_in_a_Noark_5_archive.html</guid>
+                <pubDate>Wed, 7 Jun 2017 21:40:00 +0200</pubDate>
+		<description>&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;This is a copy of
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://lists.nuug.no/pipermail/nikita-noark/2017-June/000297.html&quot;&gt;an
+email I posted to the nikita-noark mailing list&lt;/a&gt;.  Please follow up
+there if you would like to discuss this topic.  The background is that
+we are making a free software archive system based on the Norwegian
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.arkivverket.no/forvaltning-og-utvikling/regelverk-og-standarder/noark-standarden&quot;&gt;Noark
+5 standard&lt;/a&gt; for government archives.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;I&#39;ve been wondering a bit lately how trusted timestamps could be
+stored in Noark 5.
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trusted_timestamping&quot;&gt;Trusted
+timestamps&lt;/a&gt; can be used to verify that some information
+(document/file/checksum/metadata) have not been changed since a
+specific time in the past.  This is useful to verify the integrity of
+the documents in the archive.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Then it occured to me, perhaps the trusted timestamps could be
+stored as dokument variants (ie dokumentobjekt referered to from
+dokumentbeskrivelse) with the filename set to the hash it is
+stamping?&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Given a &quot;dokumentbeskrivelse&quot; with an associated &quot;dokumentobjekt&quot;,
+a new dokumentobjekt is associated with &quot;dokumentbeskrivelse&quot; with the
+same attributes as the stamped dokumentobjekt except these
+attributes:&lt;/p&gt;
 
 &lt;ul&gt;
 
-  &lt;li&gt;Evolutionary algorithms as a design tool - from art
-      to robotics (Kyrre Glette)&lt;/li&gt;
-
-  &lt;li&gt;Make and break (Hans Gerhard Meier)&lt;/li&gt;
-
-  &lt;li&gt;Making a one year school course for young makers
-      (Olav Helland)&lt;/li&gt;
-
-  &lt;li&gt;Innovation Inspiration - IPR Databases as a Source of
-      Inspiration (Hege Langlo)&lt;/li&gt;
-
-  &lt;li&gt;Making a toy for makers (Erik Torstensson)&lt;/li&gt;
-
-  &lt;li&gt;How to make 3D printer electronics (Elias Bakken)&lt;/li&gt;
-
-  &lt;li&gt;Hovering Clouds: Looking at online tool offerings for Product
-      Design and 3D Printing (William Kempton)&lt;/li&gt;
-
-  &lt;li&gt;Travelling maker stories (Øyvind Nydal Dahl)&lt;/li&gt;
-
-  &lt;li&gt;Making the first Maker Faire in Sweden (Nils Olander)&lt;/li&gt;
-
-  &lt;li&gt;Breaking the mold: Printing 1000’s of parts (Espen Sivertsen)&lt;/li&gt;
-
-  &lt;li&gt;Ultimaker — and open source 3D printing (Erik de Bruijn)&lt;/li&gt;
-
-  &lt;li&gt;Autodesk’s 3D Printing Platform: Sparking innovation (Hilde
-      Sevens)&lt;/li&gt;
-
-  &lt;li&gt;How Making is Changing the World – and How You Can Too!
-      (Jennifer Turliuk)&lt;/li&gt;
-
-  &lt;li&gt;Open-Source Adventuring: OpenROV, OpenExplorer and the Future of
-      Connected Exploration (David Lang)&lt;/li&gt;
-
-  &lt;li&gt;Making in Norway (Haakon Karlsen Jr., Graham Hayward and Jens
-      Dyvik)&lt;/li&gt;
-
-  &lt;li&gt;The Impact of the Maker Movement (Mike Senese)&lt;/li&gt;
+&lt;li&gt;format -&gt; &quot;RFC3161&quot;
+&lt;li&gt;mimeType -&gt; &quot;application/timestamp-reply&quot;
+&lt;li&gt;formatDetaljer -&gt; &quot;&amp;lt;source URL for timestamp service&amp;gt;&quot;
+&lt;li&gt;filenavn -&gt; &quot;&amp;lt;sjekksum&amp;gt;.tsr&quot;
 
 &lt;/ul&gt;
 
-&lt;p&gt;Part of the reason this took so long was that the scripts NUUG had
-to prepare a recording for publication were five years old and no
-longer worked with the current video processing tools (command line
-argument changes).  In addition, we needed better audio normalization,
-which sent me on a detour to
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Measuring_and_adjusting_the_loudness_of_a_TV_channel_using_bs1770gain.html&quot;&gt;package
-bs1770gain for Debian&lt;/a&gt;.  Now this is in place and it became a lot
-easier to publish NUUG videos on Frikanalen.&lt;/p&gt;
+&lt;p&gt;This assume a service following
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3161&quot;&gt;IETF RFC 3161&lt;/a&gt; is
+used, which specifiy the given MIME type for replies and the .tsr file
+ending for the content of such trusted timestamp.  As far as I can
+tell from the Noark 5 specifications, it is OK to have several
+variants/renderings of a dokument attached to a given
+dokumentbeskrivelse objekt.  It might be stretching it a bit to make
+some of these variants represent crypto-signatures useful for
+verifying the document integrity instead of representing the dokument
+itself.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Using the source of the service in formatDetaljer allow several
+timestamping services to be used.  This is useful to spread the risk
+of key compromise over several organisations.  It would only be a
+problem to trust the timestamps if all of the organisations are
+compromised.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;The following oneliner on Linux can be used to generate the tsr
+file.  $input is the path to the file to checksum, and $sha256 is the
+SHA-256 checksum of the file (ie the &quot;&lt;sjekksum&gt;.tsr&quot; value mentioned
+above).&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;pre&gt;
+openssl ts -query -data &quot;$inputfile&quot; -cert -sha256 -no_nonce \
+  | curl -s -H &quot;Content-Type: application/timestamp-query&quot; \
+      --data-binary &quot;@-&quot; http://zeitstempel.dfn.de &gt; $sha256.tsr
+&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;To verify the timestamp, you first need to download the public key
+of the trusted timestamp service, for example using this command:&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;pre&gt;
+wget -O ca-cert.txt \
+  https://pki.pca.dfn.de/global-services-ca/pub/cacert/chain.txt
+&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Note, the public key should be stored alongside the timestamps in
+the archive to make sure it is also available 100 years from now.  It
+is probably a good idea to standardise how and were to store such
+public keys, to make it easier to find for those trying to verify
+documents 100 or 1000 years from now. :)&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;The verification itself is a simple openssl command:&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;pre&gt;
+openssl ts -verify -data $inputfile -in $sha256.tsr \
+  -CAfile ca-cert.txt -text
+&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Is there any reason this approach would not work?  Is it somehow against
+the Noark 5 specification?&lt;/p&gt;
 </description>
 	</item>
 	
 	<item>
-		<title>Hvem fører Medietilsynet tilsyn med?</title>
-		<link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hvem_f_rer_Medietilsynet_tilsyn_med_.html</link>
-		<guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hvem_f_rer_Medietilsynet_tilsyn_med_.html</guid>
-                <pubDate>Sun, 28 Jun 2015 23:20:00 +0200</pubDate>
-		<description>&lt;p&gt;I en global verden med eierskap på tvers, trengs det informasjon om
-hvem som har kontrollen i selskaper og bedrifter.  Og for å få tilgang
-til slik informasjon for alle som ønsker å analysere eierskap, holder
-med ikke med nasjonale databaser over eierskap, det må globale
-samledatabaser med åpne data til.  Heldigvis finnes det en
-internasjonal bevegelse for å gjøre selskapsinformasjon for alle land
-offentlig tilgjengelig.  En slik database heter
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://opencorporates.com&quot;&gt;OpenCorporates&lt;/a&gt;, der
-informasjonen er gratis tilgjengelig med en &quot;del på samme
-vilkår&quot;-lisens.  De samler inn selskapsinformasjon, eierskap,
-konsesjonstildelinger og lignende.  De manglet ganske mye for Norge,
-da bruksvilkårene til Norsk offentlig informasjon i stor grad
-blokkerer OpenCorporates fra å samle den inn.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Men jeg er jo involvert i
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.frikanalen.no/&quot;&gt;Frikanalen&lt;/a&gt;, som har
-TV-konsesjon, og tenkte det kunne være fint om informasjon om alle
-mediakonsesjoner var tilgjengelig i OpenCorporates, så jeg sendte
-avgårde følgende spørsmål til Medietilsynet 2015-06-22:&lt;/p&gt;
+		<title>NÃ¥r nynorskoversettelsen svikter til eksamen...</title>
+		<link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/N_r_nynorskoversettelsen_svikter_til_eksamen___.html</link>
+		<guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/N_r_nynorskoversettelsen_svikter_til_eksamen___.html</guid>
+                <pubDate>Sat, 3 Jun 2017 08:20:00 +0200</pubDate>
+		<description>&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.aftenposten.no/norge/Krever-at-elever-ma-fa-annullert-eksamen-etter-rot-med-oppgavetekster-622459b.html&quot;&gt;Aftenposten
+melder i dag&lt;/a&gt; om feil i eksamensoppgavene for eksamen i politikk og
+menneskerettigheter, der teksten i bokmåls og nynorskutgaven ikke var
+like.  Oppgaveteksten er gjengitt i artikkelen, og jeg ble nysgjerring
+på om den fri oversetterløsningen
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.apertium.org/&quot;&gt;Apertium&lt;/a&gt; ville gjort en bedre
+jobb enn Utdanningsdirektoratet.  Det kan se slik ut.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Her er bokmålsoppgaven fra eksamenen:&lt;/p&gt;
 
 &lt;blockquote&gt;
-&lt;p&gt;Hei.  Finnes det en oversikt over enhetene som Mediatilsynet fører
-tilsyn med som åpne data?  Jeg lette etter den på
-&amp;lt;URL:&lt;a href=&quot;http://data.norge.no/&quot;&gt;http://data.norge.no/&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt; og
-&amp;lt;URL:&lt;a href=&quot;http://hotell.difi.no/&quot;&gt;http://hotell.difi.no/&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt; uten å
-finne noe der, og fant heller ikke noe under
-&amp;lt;URL:&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.medietilsynet.no/&quot;&gt;http://www.medietilsynet.no/&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Jeg tenker på alle som har fått kringkastingskonsesjon og alle som
-er omtalt under
-&amp;lt;URL:&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.medietilsynet.no/mediebildet/&quot;&gt;http://www.medietilsynet.no/mediebildet/&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Jeg skulle gjerne hatt dette maskinlesbart, og inkludert
-organisasjonsnummer og hva slags forhold mediatilsynet har til
-organisasjonene.  Tanken er å importere det i
-&amp;lt;URL:&lt;a href=&quot;https://opencorporates.com/&quot;&gt;https://opencorporates.com/&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt; for analyse, så det bør ikke ha
-bruksbegresninger som gjør dette umulig.&lt;/p&gt;
+&lt;p&gt;Drøft utfordringene knyttet til nasjonalstatenes og andre aktørers
+rolle og muligheter til å håndtere internasjonale utfordringer, som
+for eksempel flykningekrisen.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Vedlegge er eksempler på tekster som kan gi relevante perspektiver
+på temaet:&lt;/p&gt;
+&lt;ol&gt;
+&lt;li&gt;Flykningeregnskapet 2016, UNHCR og IDMC
+&lt;li&gt;«Grenseløst Europa for fall» A-Magasinet, 26. november 2015
+&lt;/ol&gt;
+
 &lt;/blockquote&gt;
 
-&lt;p&gt;To dager senere fikk jeg svar, med de datasettene de hadde
-tilgjengelig.  Svaret fra Hanne Sekkelsten hos Medietilsynet var
-informativt og imøtekommende.&lt;/p&gt;
+&lt;p&gt;Dette oversetter Apertium slik:&lt;/p&gt;
 
 &lt;blockquote&gt;
-&lt;p&gt;Vi viser til din e-post av 22. juni, der du ber om å få tilsendt oversikter
-over aktører Medietilsynet fører tilsyn med.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Medietilsynet fører tilsyn med kringkastere og audiovisuelle
-bestillingstjenester som omfattes av kringkastingsloven, og med
-eierskap i aviser, fjernsyn radio og elektroniske medier etter
-medieeierskapsloven. I tillegg vil Medietilsynet etter at
-beskyttelsesloven trer i kraft fra 1. juli ha tilsyn med en rekke nye
-aktører. Nærmere informasjon om den nye loven finnes på Medietilsynets
-nettsted, her:
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.medietilsynet.no/mediebransjen/bildeprogramloven/&quot;&gt;http://www.medietilsynet.no/mediebransjen/bildeprogramloven/&lt;/a&gt;
-.  Vi har ikke utarbeidet oversikter over alle aktørene, men vi sender
-deg her de listene vi har utarbeidet, hentet fra våre databaser. Vi
-har dessverre ikke ferdige rapporter som inneholder
-organisasjonsnummer. Dersom du ønsker flere opplysninger ber vi om at
-du tar kontakt med oss slik at vi kan finne ut av hvilke opplysninger
-du trenger, og hvilke vi kan fremskaffe.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Vedlagt følger:
+&lt;p&gt;Drøft utfordringane knytte til nasjonalstatane sine og rolla til
+andre aktørar og høve til å handtera internasjonale utfordringar, som
+til dømes *flykningekrisen.&lt;/p&gt;
 
-&lt;ul&gt;
+&lt;p&gt;Vedleggja er døme på tekster som kan gje relevante perspektiv på
+temaet:&lt;/p&gt;
 
-  &lt;li&gt;Konsesjoner - lokalradio FM pr. 31.12.2014 [&lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2015-06-28-medietilsynsdata/Konsesjoner_lokalradio_fm_felles_31.12.2014.pdf&quot;&gt;PDF (original)&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/li&gt;
+&lt;ol&gt;
+&lt;li&gt;*Flykningeregnskapet 2016, *UNHCR og *IDMC&lt;/li&gt;
+&lt;li&gt;«*Grenseløst Europa for fall» A-Magasinet, 26. november 2015&lt;/li&gt;
+&lt;/ol&gt;
 
-  &lt;li&gt;Konsesjoner - lokalfjernsyn i det digitale bakkenettet for fjernsyn, pr. mars 2015 [&lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2015-06-28-medietilsynsdata/Lokalfjernsyn_DTT_konsesjoner_mars_2015.docx&quot;&gt;DOCX (original)&lt;/a&gt;, 
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2015-06-28-medietilsynsdata/Lokalfjernsyn_DTT_konsesjoner_mars_2015.pdf&quot;&gt;PDF&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/li&gt;
+&lt;/blockquote&gt;
 
-  &lt;li&gt;Konsesjoner - DAB-radio, status mars 2015 [&lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2015-06-28-medietilsynsdata/Konsesjonaernummer_DAB.xps&quot;&gt;XPS (original)&lt;/a&gt;,
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2015-06-28-medietilsynsdata/Konsesjonaernummer_DAB.pdf&quot;&gt;PDF&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/li&gt;
+&lt;p&gt;Ord som ikke ble forstått er markert med stjerne (*), og trenger
+ekstra språksjekk.  Men ingen ord er forsvunnet, slik det var i
+oppgaven elevene fikk presentert på eksamen.  Jeg mistenker dog at
+&quot;andre aktørers rolle og muligheter til ...&quot; burde vært oversatt til
+&quot;rolla til andre aktørar og deira høve til ...&quot; eller noe slikt, men
+det er kanskje flisespikking.  Det understreker vel bare at det alltid
+trengs korrekturlesning etter automatisk oversettelse.&lt;/p&gt;
+</description>
+	</item>
+	
+	<item>
+		<title>Epost inn som arkivformat i Riksarkivarens forskrift?</title>
+		<link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Epost_inn_som_arkivformat_i_Riksarkivarens_forskrift_.html</link>
+		<guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Epost_inn_som_arkivformat_i_Riksarkivarens_forskrift_.html</guid>
+                <pubDate>Thu, 27 Apr 2017 11:30:00 +0200</pubDate>
+		<description>&lt;p&gt;I disse dager, med frist 1. mai, har Riksarkivaren ute en høring på
+sin forskrift.  Som en kan se er det ikke mye tid igjen før fristen
+som går ut på søndag.  Denne forskriften er det som lister opp hvilke
+formater det er greit å arkivere i
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.arkivverket.no/arkivverket/Offentleg-forvalting/Noark/Noark-5&quot;&gt;Noark
+5-løsninger&lt;/a&gt; i Norge.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Jeg fant høringsdokumentene hos
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.arkivrad.no/aktuelt/riksarkivarens-forskrift-pa-horing&quot;&gt;Norsk
+Arkivråd&lt;/a&gt; etter å ha blitt tipset på epostlisten til
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/hiOA-ABI/nikita-noark5-core&quot;&gt;fri
+programvareprosjektet Nikita Noark5-Core&lt;/a&gt;, som lager et Noark 5
+Tjenestegresesnitt.  Jeg er involvert i Nikita-prosjektet og takket
+være min interesse for tjenestegrensesnittsprosjektet har jeg lest en
+god del Noark 5-relaterte dokumenter, og til min overraskelse oppdaget
+at standard epost ikke er på listen over godkjente formater som kan
+arkiveres.  Høringen med frist søndag er en glimrende mulighet til å
+forsøke å gjøre noe med det.  Jeg holder på med
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/noark5-tester/blob/master/docs/hoering-arkivforskrift.tex&quot;&gt;egen
+høringsuttalelse&lt;/a&gt;, og lurer på om andre er interessert i å støtte
+forslaget om å tillate arkivering av epost som epost i arkivet.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Er du igang med å skrive egen høringsuttalelse allerede?  I så fall
+kan du jo vurdere å ta med en formulering om epost-lagring. Jeg tror
+ikke det trengs så mye.  Her et kort forslag til tekst:&lt;/p&gt;
 
-  &lt;li&gt;Registreringspliktige kringkastere - status mars 2015: [&lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2015-06-28-medietilsynsdata/Registreringspliktige_kringkastere_register_-_aktive.xps&quot;&gt;XPS (original)&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2015-06-28-medietilsynsdata/Registreringspliktige_kringkastere_register_-_aktive.pdf&quot;&gt;PDF&lt;/a&gt;]
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
 
-    &lt;ul&gt;
-      &lt;li&gt;Kabelsendt fjernsyn
-      &lt;li&gt;Satellittsendt fjernsyn
-      &lt;li&gt;Nett-tv
-      &lt;li&gt;Kabelsendt radio
-      &lt;li&gt;Satellittsendt radio
-      &lt;li&gt;Nett-radio
-    &lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
-&lt;/ul&gt;
+  &lt;p&gt;Viser til høring sendt ut 2017-02-17 (Riksarkivarens referanse
+  2016/9840 HELHJO), og tillater oss å sende inn noen innspill om
+  revisjon av Forskrift om utfyllende tekniske og arkivfaglige
+  bestemmelser om behandling av offentlige arkiver (Riksarkivarens
+  forskrift).&lt;/p&gt;
 
-&lt;p&gt;Vi må ta forbehold om at det kan være enkelte feil i oversiktene
-siden disse ikke er oppdaterte pr. dags dato. Vi vil foreta nye
-oppdateringer i august.&lt;/p&gt;
+  &lt;p&gt;Svært mye av vår kommuikasjon foregår i dag på e-post.  Vi
+  foreslår derfor at Internett-e-post, slik det er beskrevet i IETF
+  RFC 5322,
+  &lt;a href=&quot;https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5322&quot;&gt;https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5322&lt;/a&gt;. bør
+  inn som godkjent dokumentformat.  Vi foreslår at forskriftens
+  oversikt over godkjente dokumentformater ved innlevering i § 5-16
+  endres til å ta med Internett-e-post.&lt;/p&gt;
 
-&lt;p&gt;Med hilsen&lt;/p&gt;
+&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
 
-&lt;p&gt;Hanne Nistad Sekkelsten
-&lt;br&gt;Seniorrådgiver | Senior Legal Adviser
-&lt;br&gt;Medietilsynet | Norwegian Media Authority
-&lt;br&gt;A: Nygata 4, NO-1607 Fredrikstad
-&lt;br&gt;T: [telefonnummer fjernet]
-&lt;br&gt;E: [adresse fjernet] | W: www.medietilsynet.no
-&lt;/p&gt;
-&lt;/blockquote&gt;
+&lt;p&gt;Som del av arbeidet med tjenestegrensesnitt har vi testet hvordan
+epost kan lagres i en Noark 5-struktur, og holder på å skrive et
+forslag om hvordan dette kan gjøres som vil bli sendt over til
+arkivverket så snart det er ferdig.  De som er interesserte kan
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/noark5-tester/blob/master/docs/epostlagring.md&quot;&gt;følge
+fremdriften på web&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
 
-&lt;p&gt;Desverre er formatene for ustrukturerte til maskinell behandling og
-mangler endel informasjon, men det er gode oversikter over hvem
-Medietilsynet fører tilsyn med.  Filene er på formatene PDF, XPS
-(XML-basert PDF-lignende format fra Microsoft) og DOCX, så det vil
-være en stor jobb å strukturere informasjonen på en måte som kan
-importeres i OpenCorporates.  Svaret er ikke i tråd med
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://lovdata.no/dokument/SF/forskrift/2013-04-05-959&quot;&gt;Forskrift
-om IT-standarder i offentlig forvaltning&lt;/a&gt; som sier epostvedlegg
-skal sendes som PDF, så jeg har gjorde PDF-utgaver av XPS og
-DOCX-utgavene tilgjengelig for å gjøre det enklere for alle å se
-innholdet.&lt;/p&gt;
+&lt;p&gt;Oppdatering 2017-04-28: I dag ble høringuttalelsen jeg skrev
+  &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.nuug.no/news/NUUGs_h_ringuttalelse_til_Riksarkivarens_forskrift.shtml&quot;&gt;sendt
+  inn av foreningen NUUG&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
 </description>
 	</item>
 	
 	<item>
-		<title>Graphing the Norwegian company ownership structure</title>
-		<link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Graphing_the_Norwegian_company_ownership_structure.html</link>
-		<guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Graphing_the_Norwegian_company_ownership_structure.html</guid>
-                <pubDate>Mon, 15 Jun 2015 14:00:00 +0200</pubDate>
-		<description>&lt;p&gt;It is a bit work to figure out the ownership structure of companies
-in Norway.  The information is publicly available, but one need to
-recursively look up ownership for all owners to figure out the complete
-ownership graph of a given set of companies.  To save me the work in
-the future, I wrote a script to do this automatically, outputting the
-ownership structure using the Graphviz/dotty format.  The data source
-is web scraping from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.proff.no/&quot;&gt;Proff&lt;/a&gt;, because
-I failed to find a useful source directly from the official keepers of
-the ownership data, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.brreg.no/&quot;&gt;Brønnøysundsregistrene&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;To get an ownership graph for a set of companies, fetch
-&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/brreg-norway-ownership-graph&quot;&gt;the code from git&lt;/a&gt; and run it using the organisation number.  I&#39;m
-using the Norwegian newspaper Dagbladet as an example here, as its
-ownership structure is very simple:&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;pre&gt;
-% time ./bin/eierskap-dotty 958033540 &gt; dagbladet.dot
-
-real    0m2.841s
-user    0m0.184s
-sys     0m0.036s
+		<title>Offentlig elektronisk postjournal blokkerer tilgang for utvalgte webklienter</title>
+		<link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Offentlig_elektronisk_postjournal_blokkerer_tilgang_for_utvalgte_webklienter.html</link>
+		<guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Offentlig_elektronisk_postjournal_blokkerer_tilgang_for_utvalgte_webklienter.html</guid>
+                <pubDate>Thu, 20 Apr 2017 13:00:00 +0200</pubDate>
+		<description>&lt;p&gt;Jeg oppdaget i dag at &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.oep.no/&quot;&gt;nettstedet som
+publiserer offentlige postjournaler fra statlige etater&lt;/a&gt;, OEP, har
+begynt å blokkerer enkelte typer webklienter fra å få tilgang.  Vet
+ikke hvor mange det gjelder, men det gjelder i hvert fall libwww-perl
+og curl.  For å teste selv, kjør følgende:&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;pre&gt;
+% curl -v -s https://www.oep.no/pub/report.xhtml?reportId=3 2&gt;&amp;1 |grep &#39;&lt; HTTP&#39;
+&lt; HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found
+% curl -v -s --header &#39;User-Agent:Opera/12.0&#39; https://www.oep.no/pub/report.xhtml?reportId=3 2&gt;&amp;1 |grep &#39;&lt; HTTP&#39;
+&lt; HTTP/1.1 200 OK
 %
-&lt;/pre&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;The script accept several organisation numbers on the command line,
-allowing a cluster of companies to be graphed in the same image.  The
-resulting dot file for the example above look like this.  The edges
-are labeled with the ownership percentage, and the nodes uses the
-organisation number as their name and the name as the label:&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;pre&gt;
-digraph ownership {
-rankdir = LR;
-&quot;Aller Holding A/s&quot; -&gt; &quot;910119877&quot; [label=&quot;100%&quot;]
-&quot;910119877&quot; -&gt; &quot;998689015&quot; [label=&quot;100%&quot;]
-&quot;998689015&quot; -&gt; &quot;958033540&quot; [label=&quot;99%&quot;]
-&quot;974530600&quot; -&gt; &quot;958033540&quot; [label=&quot;1%&quot;]
-&quot;958033540&quot; [label=&quot;AS DAGBLADET&quot;]
-&quot;998689015&quot; [label=&quot;Berner Media Holding AS&quot;]
-&quot;974530600&quot; [label=&quot;Dagbladets Stiftelse&quot;]
-&quot;910119877&quot; [label=&quot;Aller Media AS&quot;]
-}
-&lt;/pre&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;To view the ownership graph, run &quot;&lt;tt&gt;dotty dagbladet.dot&lt;/tt&gt;&quot; or
-convert it to a PNG using &quot;&lt;tt&gt;dot -T png dagbladet.dot &gt;
-dagbladet.png&lt;/tt&gt;&quot;.  The result can be seen below:&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;img src=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2015-06-15-ownership-graphs-norway-dagbladet.png&quot; width=&quot;80%&quot;&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Note that I suspect the &quot;Aller Holding A/S&quot; entry to be incorrect
-data in the official ownership register, as that name is not
-registered in the official company register for Norway.  The ownership
-register is sensitive to typos and there seem to be no strict checking
-of the ownership links.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Let me know if you improve the script or find better data sources.
-The code is licensed according to GPL 2 or newer.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Update 2015-06-15: Since the initial post I&#39;ve been told that
-&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.proff.dk/firma/carl-allers-etablissement-aktieselskab/københavn-v/hovedkontorer/13624518-3/&quot;&gt;Aller
-Holding A/S&lt;/a&gt;&quot; is a Danish company, which explain why it did not
-have a Norwegian organisation number.  I&#39;ve also been told that there
-is a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.brreg.no/automatiske/webservices/&quot;&gt;web
-services API available&lt;/a&gt; from Brønnøysundsregistrene, for those
-willing to accept the terms or pay the price.&lt;/p&gt;
-</description>
-	</item>
-	
-	<item>
-		<title>Measuring and adjusting the loudness of a TV channel using bs1770gain</title>
-		<link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Measuring_and_adjusting_the_loudness_of_a_TV_channel_using_bs1770gain.html</link>
-		<guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Measuring_and_adjusting_the_loudness_of_a_TV_channel_using_bs1770gain.html</guid>
-                <pubDate>Thu, 11 Jun 2015 13:40:00 +0200</pubDate>
-		<description>&lt;p&gt;Television loudness is the source of frustration for viewers
-everywhere.  Some channels are very load, others are less loud, and
-ads tend to shout very high to get the attention of the viewers, and
-the viewers do not like this.  This fact is well known to the TV
-channels.  See for example the BBC white paper
-&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://downloads.bbc.co.uk/rd/pubs/whp/whp-pdf-files/WHP202.pdf&quot;&gt;Terminology
-for loudness and level dBTP, LU, and all that&lt;/a&gt;&quot; from 2011 for a
-summary of the problem domain.  To better address the need for even
-loadness, the TV channels got together several years ago to agree on a
-new way to measure loudness in digital files as one step in
-standardizing loudness.  From this came the ITU-R standard BS.1770,
-&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.itu.int/rec/R-REC-BS.1770/en&quot;&gt;Algorithms to
-measure audio programme loudness and true-peak audio level&lt;/a&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;The ITU-R BS.1770 specification describe an algorithm to measure
-loadness in LUFS (Loudness Units, referenced to Full Scale). But
-having a way to measure is not enough.  To get the same loudness
-across TV channels, one also need to decide which value to standardize
-on.  For European TV channels, this was done in the EBU Recommondaton
-R128, &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://tech.ebu.ch/docs/r/r128.pdf&quot;&gt;Loudness
-normalisation and permitted maximum level of audio signals&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, which
-specifies a recommended level of -23 LUFS.  In Norway, I have been
-told that NRK, TV2, MTG and SBS have decided among themselves to
-follow the R128 recommondation for playout from 2016-03-01.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;There are free software available to measure and adjust the loudness
-level using the LUFS.  In Debian, I am aware of a library named
-&lt;a href=&quot;https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/libebur128&quot;&gt;libebur128&lt;/a&gt;
-able to measure the loudness and since yesterday morning a new binary
-named &lt;a href=&quot;http://bs1770gain.sourceforge.net&quot;&gt;bs1770gain&lt;/a&gt;
-capable of both measuring and adjusting was uploaded and is waiting
-for NEW processing.  I plan to maintain the latter in Debian under the
-&lt;a href=&quot;https://qa.debian.org/developer.php?email=pkg-multimedia-maintainers%40lists.alioth.debian.org&quot;&gt;Debian
-multimedia&lt;/a&gt; umbrella.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;The free software based TV channel I am involved in,
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.frikanalen.no/&quot;&gt;Frikanalen&lt;/a&gt;, plan to follow the
-R128 recommondation ourself as soon as we can adjust the software to
-do so, and the bs1770gain tool seem like a good fit for that part of
-the puzzle to measure loudness on new video uploaded to Frikanalen.
-Personally, I plan to use bs1770gain to adjust the loudness of videos
-I upload to Frikanalen on behalf of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/&quot;&gt;the
-NUUG member organisation&lt;/a&gt;.  The program seem to be able to measure
-the LUFS value of any media file handled by ffmpeg, but I&#39;ve only
-successfully adjusted the LUFS value of WAV files.  I suspect it
-should be able to adjust it for all the formats handled by ffmpeg.&lt;/p&gt;
+&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Her kan en se at tjenesten gir «404 Not Found» for curl i
+standardoppsettet, mens den gir «200 OK» hvis curl hevder å være Opera
+versjon 12.0.  Offentlig elektronisk postjournal startet blokkeringen
+2017-03-02.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Blokkeringen vil gjøre det litt vanskeligere å maskinelt hente
+informasjon fra oep.no.  Kan blokkeringen være gjort for å hindre
+automatisert innsamling av informasjon fra OEP, slik Pressens
+Offentlighetsutvalg gjorde for å dokumentere hvordan departementene
+hindrer innsyn i
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://presse.no/dette-mener-np/undergraver-offentlighetsloven/&quot;&gt;rapporten
+«Slik hindrer departementer innsyn» som ble publiserte i januar
+2017&lt;/a&gt;.  Det virker usannsynlig, da det jo er trivielt å bytte
+User-Agent til noe nytt.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Finnes det juridisk grunnlag for det offentlige å diskriminere
+webklienter slik det gjøres her?  Der tilgang gis eller ikke alt etter
+hva klienten sier at den heter?  Da OEP eies av DIFI og driftes av
+Basefarm, finnes det kanskje noen dokumenter sendt mellom disse to
+aktørene man kan be om innsyn i for å forstå hva som har skjedd.  Men
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.oep.no/search/result.html?period=dateRange&amp;fromDate=01.01.2016&amp;toDate=01.04.2017&amp;dateType=documentDate&amp;caseDescription=&amp;descType=both&amp;caseNumber=&amp;documentNumber=&amp;sender=basefarm&amp;senderType=both&amp;documentType=all&amp;legalAuthority=&amp;archiveCode=&amp;list2=196&amp;searchType=advanced&amp;Search=Search+in+records&quot;&gt;postjournalen
+til DIFI viser kun to dokumenter&lt;/a&gt; det siste året mellom DIFI og
+Basefarm.
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.mimesbronn.no/request/blokkering_av_tilgang_til_oep_fo&quot;&gt;Mimes brønn neste&lt;/a&gt;,
+tenker jeg.&lt;/p&gt;
 </description>
 	</item>
 	
 	<item>
-		<title>Hva gjør at NRK kan distribuere H.264-video uten patentavtale med MPEG LA?</title>
-		<link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hva_gj_r_at_NRK_kan_distribuere_H_264_video_uten_patentavtale_med_MPEG_LA_.html</link>
-		<guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hva_gj_r_at_NRK_kan_distribuere_H_264_video_uten_patentavtale_med_MPEG_LA_.html</guid>
-                <pubDate>Wed, 10 Jun 2015 15:20:00 +0200</pubDate>
-		<description>&lt;p&gt;Helt siden jeg i 2012 fikk beskjed fra MPEG LA om at
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/MPEG_LA_mener_NRK_m__ha_avtale_med_dem_for___kringkaste_og_publisere_H_264_video.html&quot;&gt;NRK
-trengte patentavtale med dem&lt;/a&gt; hvis de distribuerte H.264-video til
-sluttbrukere, har jeg lurt på hva som gjør at NRK ikke har slik
-avtale.  For noen dager siden fikk jeg endelig gjort noe med min
-undring, og sendte 2015-05-28 følgende epost til info (at) nrk.no med
-tittel &quot;Hva gjør at NRK kan distribuere H.264-video uten patentavtale
-med MPEG LA?&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
-&lt;p&gt;Jeg lurer på en ting rundt NRKs bruk av H.264-video på sine
-websider samt distribusjon via RiksTV og kabel-TV.  Har NRK vurdert om
-det er behov for en patentavtale med
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mpegla.com/&quot;&gt;MPEG LA&lt;/a&gt; slik det står i
-programvarelisensene til blant annet Apple Final Cut Studio, Adobe
-Premiere Pro, Avid og Apples Final Cut Pro X?&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Hvis dere har vurdert dette, hva var utfallet av en slik vurdering?&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Hvis dere ikke har vurdert dette, har NRK planer om å vurdere behovet
-for patentavtale?&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;I følge en artikkel på
-&lt;a href=&quot;https://nrkbeta.no/2012/02/01/siste-kutt-for-final-cut/&quot;&gt;NRK
-Beta i 2012&lt;/a&gt; har NRK brukt eller testet både Apple Final Cut
-Studio, Adobe Premiere Pro, Avid og Apples Final Cut Pro X til bruk
-for å redigere video før sending. Alle disse har bruksvilkår
-understøttet av opphavsretten som sier at de kun kan brukes til å lage
-filmer til personlig og ikke-kommersiell bruk - med mindre en har en
-lisensavtale med MPEG LA om bruk av patenter utstedt i USA for H.264.
-Se f.eks. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.avid.com/static/resources/common/documents/corporate/LICENSE.pdf&quot;&gt;bruksvilkårene for Avid&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://news.cnet.com/8301-30685_3-20000101-264.html&quot;&gt;Adobe Premiere&lt;/a&gt; og &lt;a href=&quot;http://images.apple.com/legal/sla/docs/finalcutstudio2.pdf&quot;&gt;Apple Final
-Cut Studio&lt;/a&gt; og søk etter &quot;MPEG LA&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Dette får meg til å lure på om det er brudd på opphavsretten å bruke
-disse verktøyene i strid med bruksvilkårene uten patentavtale med MPEG
-LA.  Men NRK bruker jo tilsynelatende disse verktøyene uten patentavtale
-med MPEG LA.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;I følge forfatteren av Open Broadcast Encoder finnes det to typer
-H.264-relaterte avtaler en kan få med MPEG LA. Det er én for å lage
-programvare og utstyr som produserer H.264-video, og en annen for å
-kringkaste video som bruker H.264. Dette forteller meg at selv om
-produsentene av utstyr og programvare som NRK bruker har en slik avtale
-med MPEG LA, så trenges det en egen avtale for å kringkaste video på det
-formatet.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;I følge Ryan Rodriguez hos MPEG LA, da jeg spurte ham på epost i
-juni 2012, har NRK ikke en slik avtale med MPEG LA. Han sa videre at
-NRK trenger en slik avtale hvis NRK tilbyr H.264-kodet video til
-sluttbrukere.  Jeg sjekket listen med
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mpegla.com/main/programs/AVC/Pages/Licensees.aspx&quot;&gt;organisasjoner
-med avtale med MPEG LA&lt;/a&gt; og NRK står fortsatt ikke der.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Jeg lurer dermed på hva som gjør at NRK kan bruke de overnevnte
-videoredigeringsverktøyene, som tilsynelatende har krav om avtale med
-MPEG LA for å kunne brukes slik NRK bruker dem, til å lage videofiler
-for distribusjon uten å ha en avtale med MPEG LA om distribusjon av
-H.264-video?  Dette er spesielt interessant å vite for oss andre som
-også vurderer å spre H.264-video etter å ha redigert dem med disse mye
-brukte videoredigeringsverktøyene.&lt;/p&gt;
-&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Samme dag fikk jeg automatisk svar om at min henvendelse hadde fått
-saksid 1294699.  Jeg fikk deretter følgende respons fra NRK
-2015-06-09:&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
-&lt;p&gt;Hei, beklager lang svartid, men det tok litt tid å finne ut hvem som kunne
-svare på dette.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;For selskaper som leverer h.264 til sluttbrukere på nett (f.eks
-NRKs nett- tv utgaver som bruker h.264) - og som leverer slike
-tjenester uten betaling fra forbrukere – er det heller ikke påkrevd
-noen patentavtale.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20100825006629/en/MPEG-LA%E2%80%99s-AVC-License-Charge-Royalties-Internet#.VWb2ws_774Y&quot;&gt;http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20100825006629/en/MPEG-LA%E2%80%99s-AVC-License-Charge-Royalties-Internet#.VWb2ws_774Y&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Med vennlig hilsen
-&lt;br&gt;Gunn Helen Berg
-&lt;br&gt;Informasjonskonsulent, Publikumsservice&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;NRK
-&lt;br&gt;Strategidivisjonen
-&lt;Br&gt;Sentralbord: +47 23 04 70 00
-&lt;br&gt;Post: NRK Publikumsservice, 8608 Mo i Rana
-&lt;br&gt;nrk.no / info (at) nrk.no&lt;/p&gt;
-&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
-
-Da dette ikke helt var svar på det jeg lurte på, sendte jeg samme dag
-oppfølgerepost tilbake:
-
-&lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
-&lt;p&gt;[Gunn Helen Berg]
-&lt;br&gt;&gt; Hei, beklager lang svartid, men det tok litt tid å finne ut hvem som
-&lt;br&gt;&gt; kunne svare på dette.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Takk for svar.  Men det besvarte ikke helt det jeg spurte om.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;&gt; For selskaper som leverer h.264 til sluttbrukere på nett (f.eks NRKs
-&lt;br&gt;&gt; nett- tv utgaver som bruker h.264) - og som leverer slike tjenester
-&lt;br&gt;&gt; uten betaling fra forbrukere – er det heller ikke påkrevd noen
-&lt;br&gt;&gt; patentavtale.
-&lt;br&gt;&gt;
-&lt;br&gt;&gt; http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20100825006629/en/MPEG-LA%E2%80%99s-AVC-License-Charge-Royalties-Internet#.VWb2ws_774Y&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Spørsmålet er ikke kun om MPEG LA krever patentavtale eller ikke
-(hvilket ikke helt besvares av pressemeldingen omtalt over, gitt at
-pressemeldingen kom i 2010, to år før MPEG LA ansvarlige for
-internasjonal lisensiering egen Ryan Rodriguez fortalte meg på epost
-at NRK trenger en lisens.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Det er uklart fra pressemeldingen hva &quot;Internet Broadcast AVC
-Video&quot; konkret betyr, men i følge en
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mpegla.com/main/programs/avc/Documents/avcweb.pdf&quot;&gt;presentasjon
-fra MPEG LA med tema &quot;AVC PAtent Portfoli License Briefing&quot; datert
-2015-05-15&lt;/a&gt; gjelder &quot;Internet Broadcast AVC Video&quot; kun kringkasting
-på Internet som ikke tilbyr valg av enkeltinnslag (&quot;not
-title-by-title&quot;), hvilket jo NRK gjør på sine nettsider.  I tillegg
-kringkaster jo NRK H.264-video også utenom Internet (RiksTV, kabel,
-satelitt), hvilket helt klart ikke er dekket av vilkårene omtalt i
-pressemeldingen.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Spørsmålet mitt er hvordan NRK kan bruke verktøy med bruksvilkår
-som krever avtale med MPEG LA for det NRK bruker dem til, når NRK ikke
-har avtale med MPEG LA.  Hvis jeg forsto spørsmålet riktig, så mener
-NRK at dere ikke trenger avtale med MPEG LA, men uten slik avtale kan
-dere vel ikke bruke hverken Apple Final Cut Studio, Adobe Premiere
-Pro, Avid eller Apples Final Cut Pro X for å redigere video før
-sending?&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Mine konkrete spørsmål var altså:&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;ul&gt;
-
-&lt;li&gt;Hvis NRK har vurdert om det er behov for en patentavtale med MPEG LA
-   slik det er krav om i programvarelisensene til blant annet Apple
-   Final Cut Studio, Adobe Premiere Pro, Avid og Apples Final Cut Pro X,
-   hva var utfallet av en slik vurdering? Kan jeg få kopi av vurderingen
-   hvis den er gjort skriftlig?&lt;/li&gt;
-
-&lt;li&gt;Hvis NRK ikke har vurdert dette, har NRK planer om å vurdere behovet
-   for patentavtale?&lt;/li&gt;
-
-&lt;li&gt;Hva slags saksnummer fikk min henvendelse i NRKs offentlige
-   postjournal?  Jeg ser at postjournalen ikke er publisert for den
-   aktuelle perioden ennå, så jeg fikk ikke sjekket selv.&lt;/li&gt;
-
-&lt;/ul&gt;
-&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Det hjelper å ha funnet rette vedkommende i NRK, for denne gangen
-fikk jeg svar tilbake dagen etter (2015-06-10), fra Geir Børdalen i
-NRK:&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
-&lt;p&gt;Hei Petter Reinholdtsen&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Jeg har sjekket saken med distribusjonssjef for tv, Arild Hellgren
-(som var teknologidirektør da bakkenettet ble satt opp). NRK v/
-Hellgren hadde møte med MPEG LA sammen med den europeiske
-kringkastingsunionen EBU før bakkenettet for TV ble satt opp
-(igangsatt høsten 2007). I dette møtet ble det avklart at NRK/EBU ikke
-trengte noen patentavtale for h.264 i forbindelse med oppsett av
-bakkenettet eller bruk av MPEG4 h.264 som kompresjonsalgoritme fordi
-tjenesten «in full»(nor: helt) var betalt av utsendelseselskapene og
-ikke av forbrukerne.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nrk.no/oppdrag/digitalt-bakkenett-1.3214555&quot;&gt;http://www.nrk.no/oppdrag/digitalt-bakkenett-1.3214555&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Det er også klart slått fast at selskaper som leverer video basert
-på MPEG4 h.264 til sluttbrukere på nett, heller ikke påkrevd noen
-patentavtale – så lenge de leverer slike tjenester uten betaling fra
-sluttbrukere.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20100825006629/en/MPEG-LA%E2%80%99s-AVC-License-Charge-Royalties-Internet#.VWb2ws_774Y&quot;&gt;http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20100825006629/en/MPEG-LA%E2%80%99s-AVC-License-Charge-Royalties-Internet#.VWb2ws_774Y&lt;/a&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;“MPEG LA announced today that its AVC Patent Portfolio License will
-continue not to charge royalties for Internet Video that is free to
-end users (known as “Internet Broadcast AVC Video”) during the entire
-life of this License. MPEG LA previously announced it would not charge
-royalties for such video through December 31, 2015 (see
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mpegla.com/Lists/MPEG%20LA%20News%20List/Attachments/226/n-10-02-02.pdf&quot;&gt;http://www.mpegla.com/Lists/MPEG%20LA%20News%20List/Attachments/226/n-10-02-02.pdf&lt;/a&gt;),
-and today’s announcement makes clear that royalties will continue not
-to be charged for such video beyond that time. Products and services
-other than Internet Broadcast AVC Video continue to be
-royalty-bearing.”&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Vi har derfor ikke noe behov for å vurdere noen patentavtale med
-MPEG LA.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Understreker for øvrig at NRK ikke er låst til MPEG4 – h.264 som
-utsendelsesformat – og at vi har brukt og bruker flere andre
-alternativer i våre tjenester. Ulike «devicer» har ofte behov for
-forskjellige løsninger – og NRK har forsøkt å levere med best mulig
-kvalitet /økonomi /stabilitet avhengig av
-plattform. Produksjonsformater i NRK spenner for øvrig over en rekke
-forskjellige formater – hvor MPEG4 bare er en av disse. Når NRK kjøper
-teknisk utstyr er betaling for kodekstøtte ofte en del av
-anskaffelsesprisen for denne maskinvaren (enten dette er spesialiserte
-enkodere eller forskjellige typer produksjonsutstyr).&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Vennlig hilsen
-&lt;br&gt;Geir Børdalen&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;________________________________________
-&lt;br&gt;Geir Børdalen
-&lt;br&gt;Investeringsansvarlig NRK / Hovedprosjektleder - Origo
-&lt;br&gt;Avdeling for utvikling, innovasjon, investering og eiendom
-&lt;br&gt;NRK medietjenester
-&lt;br&gt;Sentralbord: +47 23 04 70 00
-&lt;br&gt;Post: NRK, AUTV (RBM5), Pb. 8500 Majorstuen, 0340 Oslo
-&lt;br&gt;nrk.no
-&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Et godt og grundig svar, som var informativt om hvordan NRK tenker
-rundt patentavtale med MPEG LA, men heller ikke helt besvarte det jeg
-lurte på, så jeg sendte epostoppfølging samme dag.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
-&lt;p&gt;[Geir Børdalen]
-&lt;br&gt;&gt; Hei Petter Reinholdtsen&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Hei, og takk for raskt svar.  Er min henvendelse journalført slik
-at den dukker opp i NRKs postjournal?&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Svaret ditt var meget nyttig, og jeg forstår ut fra det du skriver
-at avklaringen med MPEG LA rundt H.264-distribusjon via bakkenettet
-gjelder alle TV-kanaler i Norge.  Hvilke saksnummer fikk dokumenter
-som ble opprettet i forbindelse med det omtalte møtet NRK v/Hellgren
-og EBU hadde med MPEG LA (dvs. referater, avtaler, etc),
-f.eks. dokumentet der formuleringen &quot;in full&quot; som du omtaler
-finnes?&lt;p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Men det er et par ting jeg fortsatt ikke forstår.  Det ene er
-hvorfor NRKs forståelse av hva &quot;Internet Broadcast AVC Video&quot; dekker
-ser ut til å avvike fra det som presenteres i
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mpegla.com/main/programs/avc/Documents/avcweb.pdf&quot;&gt;lysark
-fra MPEG LA&lt;/a&gt; i mai, der MPEG LA på lysark med overskriften
-&quot;AVC/H.264 License Terms Participation Fees&quot; og undertittel &quot;Where
-remuneration is from other sources&quot; skriver &quot;Internet Broadcast AVC
-Video (not title-by-title, not subscription) – no royalty for life of
-the AVC Patent Portfolio License&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Her leser jeg MPEG LA dithen at det kun er kringkasting uten
-abonnement via Internet som er dekket at vilkårne omtalt i
-pressemeldingen, mens jeg forstår deg dithen at NRK mener NRKs
-nettsider som også har enkeltfilmer og innslag (som jeg forstår dekket
-av formuleringen &quot;title-by-title&quot;) dekkes av &quot;Internet Broadcast AVC
-Video&quot; fra MPEG LA.  Hva baserer dere denne tolkningen på?  Jeg har
-ikke sett noe skriftlig fra MPEG LA som støtter NRKs tolkning, og
-lurer på om dere har andre kilder enn den pressemeldingen fra 5 år
-tilbake, der NRKS forståelse av hva &quot;Internet Broadcast AVC Video&quot;
-dekker er beskrevet?&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Det andre er at eposten din ikke nevnte spørsmålet mitt om
-bruksvilkårene til videoredigeringsverktøyene som NRK bruker.  Disse
-har som tidligere nevnt krav om at de kun skal brukes til private og
-ikke-kommersielle formål med mindre en har avtale med MPEG LA, og uten
-avtale med MPEG LA kan det jo virke som om NRK bruker verktøyene i
-strid med bruksvilkårene.  Hva gjør at disse bruksvilkårene ikke
-gjelder for NRK?&lt;/p&gt;
-&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Noen minutter senere får jeg foreløpig siste svar i
-føljetongen:&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
-&lt;p&gt;Hei igjen&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Vårt dokumentarkiv har fått en kopi (journalføringsnr kan jeg
-dessverre ikke gi deg).&lt;p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;&gt; Svaret ditt var meget nyttig, og jeg forstår ut fra det du
-&lt;br&gt;&gt; skriver at avklaringen med MPEG LA rundt H.264-distribusjon via
-&lt;br&gt;&gt; bakkenettet gjelder alle TV-kanaler i Norge.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Svar: Kan ikke svare for andre enn for NRK/EBU - og for bakkenettet
-i Norge er det kun NRK som er et lisensbasert selskap. Kan ikke gi noe
-svar på saksnr på dokumenter eller ytterligere informasjon da jeg selv
-ikke var del i dette.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;&gt; Men det er et par ting jeg fortsatt ikke forstår.  ...&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Svar: Kan ikke gå ytterligere inn i dette fra min side og mitt
-fagfelt som er produksjon/publisering og systemstrukturene bak
-disse. For øvrig ligger det etter vår formening ingen begrensninger
-for NRK i mulighetene til publisering mht til kodek i
-produksjonssystemer. Som tidligere skrevet mener vi at NRK ikke
-trenger noen avtale med MPEG LA og støtter oss til det vi allerede har
-kommunisert i forrige epost.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Mvh
-&lt;br&gt;Geir Børdalen&lt;/p&gt;
-&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Det syntes vanskelig å komme videre når NRK ikke ønsker å gå inn i
-problemstillingen rundt bruksvilkårene til videoredigeringsverktøyene
-NRK bruker, så jeg sendte takk for svarene og avsluttet utvekslingen
-så langt:&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
-&lt;p&gt;Tusen takk for rask respons, og oppklarende forklaring om hvordan
-NRK tenker rundt MPEG LA.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Jeg vil høre med NRK-arkivet for å se om de kan spore opp de
-omtalte dokumentene.  Jeg setter pris på om du kan dele titler, dato
-eller annen informasjon som kan gjøre det enklere for arkivet å finne
-dem.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Når det gjelder hvordan bruksvilkårene til
-videoredigeringsverktøyene skal tolkes, så skal jeg høre med MPEG LA
-og produsentene av verktøyene for å forsøke å få klarhet i hva de
-mener er rikgig rettstilstand.&lt;/p&gt;
-&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Jeg ble litt klokere, men fortsatt er det uklart for meg hva som er
-grunnlaget til NRK for å se bort fra bruksvilkår i
-videoredigeringsprogramvare som krever MPEG LA-avtale til alt annet
-enn privat og ikke-kommersiell bruk.&lt;/p&gt;
+		<title>Free software archive system Nikita now able to store documents</title>
+		<link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Free_software_archive_system_Nikita_now_able_to_store_documents.html</link>
+		<guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Free_software_archive_system_Nikita_now_able_to_store_documents.html</guid>
+                <pubDate>Sun, 19 Mar 2017 08:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
+		<description>&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/hiOA-ABI/nikita-noark5-core&quot;&gt;Nikita
+Noark 5 core project&lt;/a&gt; is implementing the Norwegian standard for
+keeping an electronic archive of government documents.
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.arkivverket.no/arkivverket/Offentlig-forvaltning/Noark/Noark-5/English-version&quot;&gt;The
+Noark 5 standard&lt;/a&gt; document the requirement for data systems used by
+the archives in the Norwegian government, and the Noark 5 web interface
+specification document a REST web service for storing, searching and
+retrieving documents and metadata in such archive.  I&#39;ve been involved
+in the project since a few weeks before Christmas, when the Norwegian
+Unix User Group
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.nuug.no/news/NOARK5_kjerne_som_fri_programvare_f_r_epostliste_hos_NUUG.shtml&quot;&gt;announced
+it supported the project&lt;/a&gt;.  I believe this is an important project,
+and hope it can make it possible for the government archives in the
+future to use free software to keep the archives we citizens depend
+on.  But as I do not hold such archive myself, personally my first use
+case is to store and analyse public mail journal metadata published
+from the government.  I find it useful to have a clear use case in
+mind when developing, to make sure the system scratches one of my
+itches.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;If you would like to help make sure there is a free software
+alternatives for the archives, please join our IRC channel
+(&lt;a href=&quot;irc://irc.freenode.net/%23nikita&quot;&quot;&gt;#nikita on
+irc.freenode.net&lt;/a&gt;) and
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://lists.nuug.no/mailman/listinfo/nikita-noark&quot;&gt;the
+project mailing list&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;When I got involved, the web service could store metadata about
+documents.  But a few weeks ago, a new milestone was reached when it
+became possible to store full text documents too.  Yesterday, I
+completed an implementation of a command line tool
+&lt;tt&gt;archive-pdf&lt;/tt&gt; to upload a PDF file to the archive using this
+API.  The tool is very simple at the moment, and find existing
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fonds&quot;&gt;fonds&lt;/a&gt;, series and
+files while asking the user to select which one to use if more than
+one exist.  Once a file is identified, the PDF is associated with the
+file and uploaded, using the title extracted from the PDF itself.  The
+process is fairly similar to visiting the archive, opening a cabinet,
+locating a file and storing a piece of paper in the archive.  Here is
+a test run directly after populating the database with test data using
+our API tester:&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;pre&gt;
+~/src//noark5-tester$ ./archive-pdf mangelmelding/mangler.pdf
+using arkiv: Title of the test fonds created 2017-03-18T23:49:32.103446
+using arkivdel: Title of the test series created 2017-03-18T23:49:32.103446
+
+ 0 - Title of the test case file created 2017-03-18T23:49:32.103446
+ 1 - Title of the test file created 2017-03-18T23:49:32.103446
+Select which mappe you want (or search term): 0
+Uploading mangelmelding/mangler.pdf
+  PDF title: Mangler i spesifikasjonsdokumentet for NOARK 5 Tjenestegrensesnitt
+  File 2017/1: Title of the test case file created 2017-03-18T23:49:32.103446
+~/src//noark5-tester$
+&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;You can see here how the fonds (arkiv) and serie (arkivdel) only had
+one option, while the user need to choose which file (mappe) to use
+among the two created by the API tester.  The &lt;tt&gt;archive-pdf&lt;/tt&gt;
+tool can be found in the git repository for the API tester.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;In the project, I have been mostly working on
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/noark5-tester&quot;&gt;the API
+tester&lt;/a&gt; so far, while getting to know the code base.  The API
+tester currently use
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HATEOAS&quot;&gt;the HATEOAS links&lt;/a&gt;
+to traverse the entire exposed service API and verify that the exposed
+operations and objects match the specification, as well as trying to
+create objects holding metadata and uploading a simple XML file to
+store.  The tester has proved very useful for finding flaws in our
+implementation, as well as flaws in the reference site and the
+specification.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;The test document I uploaded is a summary of all the specification
+defects we have collected so far while implementing the web service.
+There are several unclear and conflicting parts of the specification,
+and we have
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/noark5-tester/tree/master/mangelmelding&quot;&gt;started
+writing down&lt;/a&gt; the questions we get from implementing it.  We use a
+format inspired by how &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.opengroup.org/austin/&quot;&gt;The
+Austin Group&lt;/a&gt; collect defect reports for the POSIX standard with
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.opengroup.org/austin/mantis.html&quot;&gt;their
+instructions for the MANTIS defect tracker system&lt;/a&gt;, in lack of an official way to structure defect reports for Noark 5 (our first submitted defect report was a &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/noark5-tester/blob/master/mangelmelding/sendt/2017-03-15-mangel-prosess.md&quot;&gt;request for a procedure for submitting defect reports&lt;/a&gt; :).
+
+&lt;p&gt;The Nikita project is implemented using Java and Spring, and is
+fairly easy to get up and running using Docker containers for those
+that want to test the current code base.  The API tester is
+implemented in Python.&lt;/p&gt;
 </description>
 	</item>
 	
 	<item>
-		<title>Blir det virkelig krav om fingeravtrykk i nasjonale ID-kort?</title>
-		<link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Blir_det_virkelig_krav_om_fingeravtrykk_i_nasjonale_ID_kort_.html</link>
-		<guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Blir_det_virkelig_krav_om_fingeravtrykk_i_nasjonale_ID_kort_.html</guid>
-                <pubDate>Tue, 12 May 2015 11:30:00 +0200</pubDate>
-		<description>&lt;p&gt;Noen finner det vanskelig å tro at Stortinget faktisk har vedtatt å
-kreve at alle norske borgerne må avgi fingeravtrykk til politiet for å
-fungere i samfunnet.  Jeg er blitt spurt hva som er grunnlaget for
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Norwegian_citizens_now_required_by_law_to_give_their_fingerprint_to_the_police.html&quot;&gt;min
-påstand i forrige bloggpost&lt;/a&gt; om at det nå blir krav om å avgi
-fingeravtrykk til politiet for å fungere som borger i Norge.  De som
-spør klarer ikke lese det ut fra det som er vedtatt.  Her er en liten
-oppsummering om hva jeg baserer det på.  Det sies ikke direkte i
-hverken proposisjon, innstilling eller vedtak, men fremgår når en ser
-på indirekte formuleringer.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;I
-&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.regjeringen.no/nb/dokumenter/prop.-66-l-2014-2015/id2399703/&quot;&gt;stortingsproposisjon
-66&lt;/a&gt;, avsnitt 6.3.5 (Avgivelse av biometriske personopplysninger)
-står det&lt;p&gt;
+		<title>Detecting NFS hangs on Linux without hanging yourself...</title>
+		<link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Detecting_NFS_hangs_on_Linux_without_hanging_yourself___.html</link>
+		<guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Detecting_NFS_hangs_on_Linux_without_hanging_yourself___.html</guid>
+                <pubDate>Thu, 9 Mar 2017 15:20:00 +0100</pubDate>
+		<description>&lt;p&gt;Over the years, administrating thousand of NFS mounting linux
+computers at the time, I often needed a way to detect if the machine
+was experiencing NFS hang.  If you try to use &lt;tt&gt;df&lt;/tt&gt; or look at a
+file or directory affected by the hang, the process (and possibly the
+shell) will hang too.  So you want to be able to detect this without
+risking the detection process getting stuck too.  It has not been
+obvious how to do this.  When the hang has lasted a while, it is
+possible to find messages like these in dmesg:&lt;/p&gt;
 
 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
-
-  &lt;p&gt;Departementet foreslår at både ansiktsfoto og fingeravtrykk skal
-  kunne opptas og lagres som identifikasjonsdata i de nasjonale
-  ID-kortene, på samme måte som i passene. Lovforslaget er derfor
-  utformet i tråd med passloven § 6 annet ledd, som fastslår at det
-  til bruk for senere verifisering eller kontroll av passinnehaverens
-  identitet kan innhentes og lagres i passet biometrisk
-  personinformasjon i form av ansiktsfoto og fingeravtrykk (to
-  fingre). Dagens ordning med lagring av ansiktsfoto og fingeravtrykk
-  i et kontaktløst smartkort i passet er basert på internasjonale
-  standarder. Fingeravtrykkene i nasjonalt ID-kort vil bli beskyttet
-  på samme måte som fingeravtrykkene i passene.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-  &lt;p&gt;[...]&lt;/p&gt;
-
-  &lt;p&gt;For norske forhold understreker departementet at innføring av
-  nasjonale ID-kort sammen med innføring av nye systemer for sikrere
-  utstedelse og kontroll av pass og relaterte dokumenter gir mulighet
-  til å utforme ordningen slik at den best mulig møter utfordringene
-  forbundet med identitetskriminalitet. Det tilsier at fingeravtrykk
-  opptas og lagres i alle nasjonale ID-kort.&lt;/p&gt;
+nfs: server nfsserver not responding, still trying
+&lt;br&gt;nfs: server nfsserver OK
 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Departementet sier altså at sin anbefaling er at fingeravtrykk skal
-opptas og lagres i alle nasjonale ID-kort.  Det skrives som om det
-blir valgfritt, på samme måten som det skrives passloven, der det i
-loven sier at det kan
-«&lt;a href=&quot;https://lovdata.no/dokument/NL/lov/1997-06-19-82#§6&quot;&gt;innhentes
-og lagres i passet biometrisk personinformasjon i form av ansiktsfoto
-og fingeravtrykk (to fingre)&lt;/a&gt;».  Men på tross av bruken av «kan» i
-passloven er det innført krav om å avgi fingeravtrykk for å få et pass
-i Norge.  Proposisjonen sier i tillegg i del 1 (Proposisjonens
-hovedinnhold) at ID-kortene skal være like pålitelig som pass og ha
-samme sikkerhetsnivå som pass.  Departementet foreslår altså at
-ID-kortene skal gis etter samme regler som for pass.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Formuleringene fra hovedinnholdet i proposisjonen er videreført i
-&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.stortinget.no/no/Saker-og-publikasjoner/Publikasjoner/Innstillinger/Stortinget/2014-2015/inns-201415-243/?lvl=0&quot;&gt;innstillingen
-fra stortingskomiteen&lt;/a&gt;, der det konkret står «De foreslåtte reglene
-vil gi befolkningen tilbud om et offentlig utstedt identitetsbevis som
-vil være like pålitelig som passet, og mer praktisk å bruke som
-legitimasjon» og «Det nasjonale ID-kortet skal også holde samme
-sikkerhetsnivå som passet».  Komiteen har altså ingen kommentarer
-eller innsigelser til dette forslaget, og gjorde i debatten da saken
-ble vedtatt det klart at dette var en god sak og at en enstemmig
-komité var glad for resultatet.  Stortinget har dermed stilt seg helt
-og fullt bak departementets forslag.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;For meg er det åpenbart når en leser proposisjonen at «like
-pålitelig» og «samme sikkerhetsnivå» vil bli tolket av departementet
-som «med samme biometrisk informasjon som i passene», og departementet
-forklarer i tillegg i proposisjonen at de har tenkt at
-fingeravtrykkene «vil bli beskyttet på samme måte som fingeravtrykkene
-i passene».  Jeg ser det dermed som åpenbart at den samme
-tvangsinnhentingen av fingeravtrykk som gjelder for pass vil bli
-viderført til de nasjonale ID-kortene.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Det eneste som kan endre dette er massive protester fra
-befolkningen på at folk som ikke er mistenkt for noe kriminelt skal
-tvinges til å gi fingeravtrykket til politiet for å f.eks. kunne få
-bankkonto eller stemme ved valg.  Det kunne få departementet til å
-snu.  Det tror jeg ikke vil skje.&lt;/p&gt;
+  
+&lt;p&gt;It is hard to know if the hang is still going on, and it is hard to
+be sure looking in dmesg is going to work.  If there are lots of other
+messages in dmesg the lines might have rotated out of site before they
+are noticed.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;While reading through the nfs client implementation in linux kernel
+code, I came across some statistics that seem to give a way to detect
+it.  The om_timeouts sunrpc value in the kernel will increase every
+time the above log entry is inserted into dmesg.  And after digging a
+bit further, I discovered that this value show up in
+/proc/self/mountstats on Linux.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;The mountstats content seem to be shared between files using the
+same file system context, so it is enough to check one of the
+mountstats files to get the state of the mount point for the machine.
+I assume this will not show lazy umounted NFS points, nor NFS mount
+points in a different process context (ie with a different filesystem
+view), but that does not worry me.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;The content for a NFS mount point look similar to this:&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;pre&gt;
+[...]
+device /dev/mapper/Debian-var mounted on /var with fstype ext3
+device nfsserver:/mnt/nfsserver/home0 mounted on /mnt/nfsserver/home0 with fstype nfs statvers=1.1
+        opts:   rw,vers=3,rsize=65536,wsize=65536,namlen=255,acregmin=3,acregmax=60,acdirmin=30,acdirmax=60,soft,nolock,proto=tcp,timeo=600,retrans=2,sec=sys,mountaddr=129.240.3.145,mountvers=3,mountport=4048,mountproto=udp,local_lock=all
+        age:    7863311
+        caps:   caps=0x3fe7,wtmult=4096,dtsize=8192,bsize=0,namlen=255
+        sec:    flavor=1,pseudoflavor=1
+        events: 61063112 732346265 1028140 35486205 16220064 8162542 761447191 71714012 37189 3891185 45561809 110486139 4850138 420353 15449177 296502 52736725 13523379 0 52182 9016896 1231 0 0 0 0 0 
+        bytes:  166253035039 219519120027 0 0 40783504807 185466229638 11677877 45561809 
+        RPC iostats version: 1.0  p/v: 100003/3 (nfs)
+        xprt:   tcp 925 1 6810 0 0 111505412 111480497 109 2672418560317 0 248 53869103 22481820
+        per-op statistics
+                NULL: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
+             GETATTR: 61063106 61063108 0 9621383060 6839064400 453650 77291321 78926132
+             SETATTR: 463469 463470 0 92005440 66739536 63787 603235 687943
+              LOOKUP: 17021657 17021657 0 3354097764 4013442928 57216 35125459 35566511
+              ACCESS: 14281703 14290009 5 2318400592 1713803640 1709282 4865144 7130140
+            READLINK: 125 125 0 20472 18620 0 1112 1118
+                READ: 4214236 4214237 0 715608524 41328653212 89884 22622768 22806693
+               WRITE: 8479010 8494376 22 187695798568 1356087148 178264904 51506907 231671771
+              CREATE: 171708 171708 0 38084748 46702272 873 1041833 1050398
+               MKDIR: 3680 3680 0 773980 993920 26 23990 24245
+             SYMLINK: 903 903 0 233428 245488 6 5865 5917
+               MKNOD: 80 80 0 20148 21760 0 299 304
+              REMOVE: 429921 429921 0 79796004 61908192 3313 2710416 2741636
+               RMDIR: 3367 3367 0 645112 484848 22 5782 6002
+              RENAME: 466201 466201 0 130026184 121212260 7075 5935207 5961288
+                LINK: 289155 289155 0 72775556 67083960 2199 2565060 2585579
+             READDIR: 2933237 2933237 0 516506204 13973833412 10385 3190199 3297917
+         READDIRPLUS: 1652839 1652839 0 298640972 6895997744 84735 14307895 14448937
+              FSSTAT: 6144 6144 0 1010516 1032192 51 9654 10022
+              FSINFO: 2 2 0 232 328 0 1 1
+            PATHCONF: 1 1 0 116 140 0 0 0
+              COMMIT: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
+
+device binfmt_misc mounted on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc with fstype binfmt_misc
+[...]
+&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;The key number to look at is the third number in the per-op list.
+It is the number of NFS timeouts experiences per file system
+operation.  Here 22 write timeouts and 5 access timeouts.  If these
+numbers are increasing, I believe the machine is experiencing NFS
+hang.  Unfortunately the timeout value do not start to increase right
+away.  The NFS operations need to time out first, and this can take a
+while.  The exact timeout value depend on the setup.  For example the
+defaults for TCP and UDP mount points are quite different, and the
+timeout value is affected by the soft, hard, timeo and retrans NFS
+mount options.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;The only way I have been able to get working on Debian and RedHat
+Enterprise Linux for getting the timeout count is to peek in /proc/.
+But according to
+&lt;ahref=&quot;http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E19253-01/816-4555/netmonitor-12/index.html&quot;&gt;Solaris
+10 System Administration Guide: Network Services&lt;/a&gt;, the &#39;nfsstat -c&#39;
+command can be used to get these timeout values.  But this do not work
+on Linux, as far as I can tell.  I
+&lt;ahref=&quot;http://bugs.debian.org/857043&quot;&gt;asked Debian about this&lt;/a&gt;,
+but have not seen any replies yet.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Is there a better way to figure out if a Linux NFS client is
+experiencing NFS hangs?  Is there a way to detect which processes are
+affected?  Is there a way to get the NFS mount going quickly once the
+network problem causing the NFS hang has been cleared?  I would very
+much welcome some clues, as we regularly run into NFS hangs.&lt;/p&gt;
 </description>
 	</item>
 	
 	<item>
-		<title>Norwegian citizens now required by law to give their fingerprint to the police</title>
-		<link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Norwegian_citizens_now_required_by_law_to_give_their_fingerprint_to_the_police.html</link>
-		<guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Norwegian_citizens_now_required_by_law_to_give_their_fingerprint_to_the_police.html</guid>
-                <pubDate>Sun, 10 May 2015 16:00:00 +0200</pubDate>
-		<description>&lt;p&gt;5 days ago, the Norwegian Parliament decided, unanimously, that all
-citizens of Norway, no matter if they are suspected of something
-criminal or not, are
-&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.holderdeord.no/votes/1430838871e&quot;&gt;required to
-give fingerprints to the police&lt;/a&gt; (vote details from Holder de
-ord).  The law make it sound like it will be optional, but in a few
-years there will be no option any more.  The ID will be required to
-vote, to get a bank account, a bank card, to change address on the
-post office, to receive an electronic ID or to get a drivers license
-and many other tasks required to function in Norway.  The banks plan
-to stop providing their own ID on the bank cards when this new
-national ID is introduced, and the national road authorities plan to
-change the drivers license to no longer be usable as identity cards.
-In effect, to function as a citizen in Norway a national ID card will
-be required, and to get it one need to provide the fingerprints to
-the police.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;In addition to handing the fingerprint to the police (which
-promised to not make a copy of the fingerprint image at that point in
-time, but say nothing about doing it later), a picture of the
-fingerprint will be stored on the RFID chip, along with a picture of
-the face and other information about the person.  Some of the
-information will be encrypted, but the encryption will be the same
-system as currently used in the passports.  The codes to decrypt will
-be available to a lot of government offices and their suppliers around
-the globe, but for those that do not know anyone in those circles it
-is good to know that
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2006/nov/17/news.homeaffairs&quot;&gt;the
-encryption is already broken&lt;/a&gt;.  And they
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.networkworld.com/article/2215057/wireless/bad-guys-could-read-rfid-passports-at-217-feet--maybe-a-lot-more.html&quot;&gt;can
-be read from 70 meters away&lt;/a&gt;.  This can be mitigated a bit by
-keeping it in a Faraday cage (metal box or metal wire container), but
-one will be required to take it out of there often enough to expose
-ones private and personal information to a lot of people that have no
-business getting access to that information.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;The new Norwegian national IDs are a vehicle for identity theft,
-and I feel sorry for us all having politicians accepting such invasion
-of privacy without any objections.  So are the Norwegian passports,
-but it has been possible to function in Norway without those so far.
-That option is going away with the passing of the new law.  In this, I
-envy the Germans, because for them it is optional how much biometric
-information is stored in their national ID.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;And if forced collection of fingerprints was not bad enough, the
-information collected in the national ID card register can be handed
-over to foreign intelligence services and police authorities, &quot;when
-extradition is not considered disproportionate&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Update 2015-05-12: For those unable to believe that the Parliament
-really could make such decision, I wrote
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Blir_det_virkelig_krav_om_fingeravtrykk_i_nasjonale_ID_kort_.html&quot;&gt;a
-summary of the sources I have&lt;/a&gt; for concluding the way I do
-(Norwegian Only, as the sources are all in Norwegian).&lt;/p&gt;
+		<title>How does it feel to be wiretapped, when you should be doing the wiretapping...</title>
+		<link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_does_it_feel_to_be_wiretapped__when_you_should_be_doing_the_wiretapping___.html</link>
+		<guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_does_it_feel_to_be_wiretapped__when_you_should_be_doing_the_wiretapping___.html</guid>
+                <pubDate>Wed, 8 Mar 2017 11:50:00 +0100</pubDate>
+		<description>&lt;p&gt;So the new president in the United States of America claim to be
+surprised to discover that he was wiretapped during the election
+before he was elected president.  He even claim this must be illegal.
+Well, doh, if it is one thing the confirmations from Snowden
+documented, it is that the entire population in USA is wiretapped, one
+way or another.  Of course the president candidates were wiretapped,
+alongside the senators, judges and the rest of the people in USA.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Next, the Federal Bureau of Investigation ask the Department of
+Justice to go public rejecting the claims that Donald Trump was
+wiretapped illegally.  I fail to see the relevance, given that I am
+sure the surveillance industry in USA believe they have all the legal
+backing they need to conduct mass surveillance on the entire
+world.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;There is even the director of the FBI stating that he never saw an
+order requesting wiretapping of Donald Trump.  That is not very
+surprising, given how the FISA court work, with all its activity being
+secret.  Perhaps he only heard about it?&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;What I find most sad in this story is how Norwegian journalists
+present it.  In a news reports the other day in the radio from the
+Norwegian National broadcasting Company (NRK), I heard the journalist
+claim that &#39;the FBI denies any wiretapping&#39;, while the reality is that
+&#39;the FBI denies any illegal wiretapping&#39;.  There is a fundamental and
+important difference, and it make me sad that the journalists are
+unable to grasp it.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update 2017-03-13:&lt;/strong&gt; Look like
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://theintercept.com/2017/03/13/rand-paul-is-right-nsa-routinely-monitors-americans-communications-without-warrants/&quot;&gt;The
+Intercept report that US Senator Rand Paul confirm what I state above&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
 </description>
 	</item>
 	
 	<item>
-		<title>What would it cost to store all phone calls in Norway?</title>
-		<link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/What_would_it_cost_to_store_all_phone_calls_in_Norway_.html</link>
-		<guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/What_would_it_cost_to_store_all_phone_calls_in_Norway_.html</guid>
-                <pubDate>Fri, 1 May 2015 19:30:00 +0200</pubDate>
-		<description>&lt;p&gt;Many years ago, a friend of mine calculated how much it would cost
-to store the sound of all phone calls in Norway, and came up with the
-cost of around 20 million NOK (2.4 mill EUR) for all the calls in a
-year.  I got curious and wondered what the same calculation would look
-like today.  To do so one need an idea of how much data storage is
-needed for each minute of sound, how many minutes all the calls in
-Norway sums up to, and the cost of data storage.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;The 2005 numbers are from
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.digi.no/analyser/2005/10/04/vi-prater-stadig-mindre-i-roret&quot;&gt;digi.no&lt;/a&gt;,
-the 2012 numbers are from
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nkom.no/aktuelt/nyheter/fortsatt-vekst-i-det-norske-ekommarkedet&quot;&gt;a
-NKOM report&lt;/a&gt;, and I got the 2013 numbers after asking NKOM via
-email.  I was told the numbers for 2014 will be presented May 20th,
-and decided not to wait for those, as I doubt they will be very
-different from the numbers from 2013.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;The amount of data storage per minute sound depend on the wanted
-quality, and for phone calls it is generally believed that 8 Kbit/s is
-enough.  See for example a
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/support/docs/voice/voice-quality/7934-bwidth-consume.html#topic1&quot;&gt;summary
-on voice quality from Cisco&lt;/a&gt; for some alternatives.  8 Kbit/s is 60
-Kbytes/min, and this can be multiplied with the number of call minutes
-to get the storage requirements.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Storage prices varies a lot, depending on speed, backup strategies,
-availability requirements etc.  But a simple way to calculate can be
-to use the price of a TiB-disk (around 1000 NOK / 120 EUR) and double
-it to take space, power and redundancy into account.  It could be much
-higher with high speed and good redundancy requirements.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;But back to the question, What would it cost to store all phone
-calls in Norway?  Not much.  Here is a small table showing the
-estimated cost, which is within the budget constraint of most medium
-and large organisations:&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;table border=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
-&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Year&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Call minutes&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Size&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Price in NOK / EUR&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
-&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;2005&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;24 000 000 000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;1.3 PiB&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;3 mill / 358 000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
-&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;2012&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;18 000 000 000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;1.0 PiB&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;2.2 mill / 262 000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
-&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;2013&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;17 000 000 000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;950 TiB&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;2.1 mill / 250 000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
-&lt;/table&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;This is the cost of buying the storage.  Maintenance need to be
-taken into account too, but calculating that is left as an exercise
-for the reader.  But it is obvious to me from those numbers that
-recording the sound of all phone calls in Norway is not going to be
-stopped because it is too expensive.  I wonder if someone already is
-collecting the data?&lt;/p&gt;
+		<title>Norwegian Bokmål translation of The Debian Administrator&#39;s Handbook complete, proofreading in progress</title>
+		<link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Norwegian_Bokm_l_translation_of_The_Debian_Administrator_s_Handbook_complete__proofreading_in_progress.html</link>
+		<guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Norwegian_Bokm_l_translation_of_The_Debian_Administrator_s_Handbook_complete__proofreading_in_progress.html</guid>
+                <pubDate>Fri, 3 Mar 2017 14:50:00 +0100</pubDate>
+		<description>&lt;p&gt;For almost a year now, we have been working on making a Norwegian
+Bokmål edition of &lt;a href=&quot;https://debian-handbook.info/&quot;&gt;The Debian
+Administrator&#39;s Handbook&lt;/a&gt;.  Now, thanks to the tireless effort of
+Ole-Erik, Ingrid and Andreas, the initial translation is complete, and
+we are working on the proof reading to ensure consistent language and
+use of correct computer science terms.  The plan is to make the book
+available on paper, as well as in electronic form.  For that to
+happen, the proof reading must be completed and all the figures need
+to be translated.  If you want to help out, get in touch.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/debian-handbook/debian-handbook-nb-NO.pdf&quot;&gt;A
+
+fresh PDF edition&lt;/a&gt; in A4 format (the final book will have smaller
+pages) of the book created every morning is available for
+proofreading.  If you find any errors, please
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/debian-handbook/&quot;&gt;visit
+Weblate and correct the error&lt;/a&gt;.  The
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://l.github.io/debian-handbook/stat/nb-NO/index.html&quot;&gt;state
+of the translation including figures&lt;/a&gt; is a useful source for those
+provide Norwegian bokmål screen shots and figures.&lt;/p&gt;
 </description>
 	</item>
 	
 	<item>
-		<title>First Jessie based Debian Edu beta release</title>
-		<link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Jessie_based_Debian_Edu_beta_release.html</link>
-		<guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Jessie_based_Debian_Edu_beta_release.html</guid>
-                <pubDate>Sun, 26 Apr 2015 14:10:00 +0200</pubDate>
-		<description>&lt;p&gt;I am happy to report that the Debian Edu team sent out
-&lt;a href=&quot;https://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2015/04/msg00000.html&quot;&gt;this
-announcement today&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;pre&gt;
-the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project is pleased to announce the first
-*beta* release of Debian Edu &quot;Jessie&quot; 8.0+edu0~b1, which for the first
-time is composed entirely of packages from the current Debian stable
-release, Debian 8 &quot;Jessie&quot;.
-
-(As most reading this will know, Debian &quot;Jessie&quot; hasn&#39;t actually been
-released by now. The release is still in progress but should finish
-later today ;)
-
-We expect to make a final release of Debian Edu &quot;Jessie&quot; in the coming
-weeks, timed with the first point release of Debian Jessie. Upgrades
-from this beta release of Debian Edu Jessie to the final release will
-be possible and encouraged!
-
-Please report feedback to debian-edu@lists.debian.org and/or submit
-bugs: http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs
-
-Debian Edu - sometimes also known as &quot;Skolelinux&quot; - is a complete
-operating system for schools, universities and other
-organisations. Through its pre- prepared installation profiles
-administrators can install servers, workstations and laptops which
-will work in harmony on the school network.  With Debian Edu, the
-teachers themselves or their technical support staff can roll out a
-complete multi-user, multi-machine study environment within hours or
-days.
-
-Debian Edu is already in use at several hundred schools all over the
-world, particularly in Germany, Spain and Norway. Installations come
-with hundreds of applications pre-installed, plus the whole Debian
-archive of thousands of compatible packages within easy reach.
-
-For those who want to give Debian Edu Jessie a try, download and
-installation instructions are available, including detailed
-instructions in the manual explaining the first steps, such as setting
-up a network or adding users.  Please note that the password for the
-user your prompted for during installation must have a length of at
-least 5 characters!
-
-== Where to download ==
-
-A multi-architecture CD / usbstick image (649 MiB) for network booting
-can be downloaded at the following locations:
-
-    http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~b1-CD.iso
-    rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~b1-CD.iso . 
-
-The SHA1SUM of this image is: 54a524d16246cddd8d2cfd6ea52f2dd78c47ee0a
-
-Alternatively an extended DVD / usbstick image (4.9 GiB) is also
-available, with more software included (saving additional download
-time):
-
-    http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~b1-USB.iso
-    rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~b1-USB.iso 
-
-The SHA1SUM of this image is: fb1f1504a490c077a48653898f9d6a461cb3c636
-
-Sources are available from the Debian archive, see
-http://ftp.debian.org/debian-cd/8.0.0/source/ for some download
-options.
-
-== Debian Edu Jessie manual in seven languages ==
-
-Please see https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie/ for
-the English version of the Debian Edu jessie manual.
-
-This manual has been fully translated to German, French, Italian,
-Danish, Dutch and Norwegian Bokmål. A partly translated version exists
-for Spanish.  See http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/ for
-online version of the translated manual.
-
-More information about Debian 8 &quot;Jessie&quot; itself is provided in the
-release notes and the installation manual:
-- http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/releasenotes
-- http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/installmanual
-
-
-== Errata / known problems ==
-
-    It takes up to 15 minutes for a changed hostname to be updated via
-    DHCP (#780461).
-
-    The hostname script fails to update LTSP server hostname (#783087). 
-
-Workaround: run update-hostname-from-ip on the client to update the
-hostname immediately.
-
-Check https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie for a possibly
-more current and complete list.
-
-== Some more details about Debian Edu 8.0+edu0~b1 Codename Jessie released 2015-04-25 ==
-
-=== Software updates ===
-
-Everything which is new in Debian 8 Jessie, e.g.:
-
- * Linux kernel 3.16.7-ctk9; for the i386 architecture, support for
-   i486 processors has been dropped; oldest supported ones: i586 (like
-   Intel Pentium and AMD K5).
-
- * Desktop environments KDE Plasma Workspaces 4.11.13, GNOME 3.14,
-   Xfce 4.12, LXDE 0.5.6
-   * new optional desktop environment: MATE 1.8
-   * KDE Plasma Workspaces is installed by default; to choose one of
-     the others see the manual.
- * the browsers Iceweasel 31 ESR and Chromium 41
- * LibreOffice 4.3.3
- * GOsa 2.7.4
- * LTSP 5.5.4
- * CUPS print system 1.7.5
- * new boot framework: systemd
- * Educational toolbox GCompris 14.12
- * Music creator Rosegarden 14.02
- * Image editor Gimp 2.8.14
- * Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.13.1
- * golearn 0.9
- * tuxpaint 0.9.22
- * New version of debian-installer from Debian Jessie.
- * Debian Jessie includes about 43000 packages available for installation.
- * More information about Debian 8 Jessie is provided in its release
-   notes and the installation manual, see the link above.
-
-=== Installation changes ===
-
-    Installations done via PXE now also install firmware automatically
-    for the hardware present.
-
-=== Fixed bugs ===
-
-A number of bugs have been fixed in this release; the most noticeable
-from a user perspective:
-
- * Inserting incorrect DNS information in Gosa will no longer break
-   DNS completely, but instead stop DNS updates until the incorrect
-   information is corrected (710362)
-
- * shutdown-at-night now shuts the system down if gdm3 is used (775608). 
-
-=== Sugar desktop removed ===
-
-As the Sugar desktop was removed from Debian Jessie, it is also not
-available in Debian Edu jessie.
-
-
-== About Debian Edu / Skolelinux ==
-
-Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux, is a Linux distribution based on
-Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
-configured school network. Directly after installation a school server
-running all services needed for a school network is set up just
-waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
-Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
-initial installation of the main server from CD or USB stick all other
-machines can be installed via the network. The provided school server
-provides LDAP database and Kerberos authentication service,
-centralized home directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other
-services.  The desktop contains more than 60 educational software
-packages and more are available from the Debian archive, and schools
-can choose between KDE, GNOME, LXDE, Xfce and MATE desktop
-environment.
-
-== About Debian ==
-
-The Debian Project was founded in 1993 by Ian Murdock to be a truly
-free community project. Since then the project has grown to be one of
-the largest and most influential open source projects. Thousands of
-volunteers from all over the world work together to create and
-maintain Debian software. Available in 70 languages, and supporting a
-huge range of computer types, Debian calls itself the universal
-operating system.
+		<title>Unlimited randomness with the ChaosKey?</title>
+		<link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Unlimited_randomness_with_the_ChaosKey_.html</link>
+		<guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Unlimited_randomness_with_the_ChaosKey_.html</guid>
+                <pubDate>Wed, 1 Mar 2017 20:50:00 +0100</pubDate>
+		<description>&lt;p&gt;A few days ago I ordered a small batch of
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://altusmetrum.org/ChaosKey/&quot;&gt;the ChaosKey&lt;/a&gt;, a small
+USB dongle for generating entropy created by Bdale Garbee and Keith
+Packard.  Yesterday it arrived, and I am very happy to report that it
+work great!  According to its designers, to get it to work out of the
+box, you need the Linux kernel version 4.1 or later.  I tested on a
+Debian Stretch machine (kernel version 4.9), and there it worked just
+fine, increasing the available entropy very quickly.  I wrote a small
+test oneliner to test.  It first print the current entropy level,
+drain /dev/random, and then print the entropy level for five seconds.
+Here is the situation without the ChaosKey inserted:&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;pre&gt;
+% cat /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail; \
+  dd bs=1M if=/dev/random of=/dev/null count=1; \
+  for n in $(seq 1 5); do \
+     cat /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail; \
+     sleep 1; \
+  done
+300
+0+1 oppføringer inn
+0+1 oppføringer ut
+28 byte kopiert, 0,000264565 s, 106 kB/s
+4
+8
+12
+17
+21
+%
+&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;The entropy level increases by 3-4 every second.  In such case any
+application requiring random bits (like a HTTPS enabled web server)
+will halt and wait for more entrpy.  And here is the situation with
+the ChaosKey inserted:&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;pre&gt;
+% cat /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail; \
+  dd bs=1M if=/dev/random of=/dev/null count=1; \
+  for n in $(seq 1 5); do \
+     cat /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail; \
+     sleep 1; \
+  done
+1079
+0+1 oppføringer inn
+0+1 oppføringer ut
+104 byte kopiert, 0,000487647 s, 213 kB/s
+433
+1028
+1031
+1035
+1038
+%
+&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;
 
-== Thanks ==
+&lt;p&gt;Quite the difference. :) I bought a few more than I need, in case
+someone want to buy one here in Norway. :)&lt;/p&gt;
 
-Thanks to everyone making Debian and Debian Edu / Skolelinux happen!
-You rock.
-&lt;/pre&gt;
+&lt;p&gt;Update: The dongle was presented at Debconf last year.  You might
+find &lt;a href=&quot;https://debconf16.debconf.org/talks/94/&quot;&gt;the talk
+recording illuminating&lt;/a&gt;.  It explains exactly what the source of
+randomness is, if you are unable to spot it from the schema drawing
+available from the ChaosKey web site linked at the start of this blog
+post.&lt;/p&gt;
 </description>
 	</item>
 	
 	<item>
-		<title>Debian Edu interview: Shirish Agarwal</title>
-		<link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Shirish_Agarwal.html</link>
-		<guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Shirish_Agarwal.html</guid>
-                <pubDate>Wed, 15 Apr 2015 09:20:00 +0200</pubDate>
-		<description>&lt;p&gt;It was a surprise to me to learn that project to create a complete
-computer system for schools I&#39;ve involved in,
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.skolelinux.org/&quot;&gt;Debian Edu / Skolelinux&lt;/a&gt;, was
-being used in India.  But apparently it is, and I managed to get an
-interview with one of the friends of the project there, Shirish
-Agarwal.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Who are you, and how do you spend your days?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;My name is Shirish Agarwal. Based out of the educational and
-historical city of Pune, from the western state of Maharashtra, India.
-My bread comes from giving training, giving policy tips,
-installations on free software to mom and pop shops in different
-fields from Desktop publishing to retail shops as well as work with
-few software start-ups as well.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
-project?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;It started innocently enough. I have been using Debian for a few
-years and in one local minidebconf / debutsav I was asked if there was
-anything for schools or education. I had worked / played with free
-educational softwares such as Gcompris and Stellarium for my many
-nieces and nephews so researched and found Debian Edu or Skolelinux as
-it was known then.  Since then I have started using the various
-education meta-packages provided by the project.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
-Edu?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;It&#39;s closest I have seen where a package full of educational
-software are packed, which are free and open (both literally and
-figuratively).  Even if I take the simplest software which is
-gcompris, the number of activities therein are amazing. Another one of
-the softwares that I have liked for a long time is stellarium. Even
-pysycache is cool except for couple of issues I encountered
-&lt;a href=&quot;https://bugs.debian.org/781841&quot;&gt;#781841&lt;/a&gt; and
-&lt;a href=&quot;https://bugs.debian.org/781842&quot;&gt;#781842&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;I prefer software installed on the system over web based solutions,
-as a web site can disappear any time but the software on disk has the
-possibility of a larger life span.  Of course with both it&#39;s more a
-question if it has enough users who make it fun or sustainable or both
-for the developer per-se.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
-Edu?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;I do see that the Debian Edu team seems to be short-handed and I
-think more efforts should be made to make it popular and ask and take
-help from people and the larger community wherever possible.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;I don&#39;t see any disadvantage to use Skolelinux apart from the fact
-that most apps. are generic which is good or bad how you see it.
-However, saying that I do acknowledge the fact that the canvas is
-pretty big and there are lot of interesting ideas that could be done
-but for reasons not known not done or if done I don&#39;t know about them.
-Let me share some of the ideas (these are more upstream based but
-still) I have had for a long time :&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;1. Classical maths question of two trains in opposing directions
-each running @x kmph/mph at y distance, when they will meet and how
-far would each travel and similar questions like these.
-
-&lt;p&gt;The computer is a fantastic system where questions like these can
-be drawn, animated and the methodology and answers teased out in
-interactive manner. While sites such as the
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://mathforum.org/dr.math/faq/faq.two.trains.html&quot;&gt;Ask
-Dr. Math FAQ on The Two Trains problem&lt;/a&gt; (as an example or point of
-inspiration) can be used there is lot more that can be done.  I dunno
-if there is a free software which does something like this.  The idea
-being a blend of objects + animation + interaction which does
-this. The whole interaction could be gamified with points or sounds or
-colourful celebration whenever the user gets even part of the question
-or/and methodology right. That would help reinforce good behaviour.
-This understanding could be used to share/showcase everything from how
-the first wheel came to be, to evolution to how astronomy started,
-psychics and everything in-between.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;One specific idea in the train part was having the Linux mascot on
-one train and the BSD or GNU mascot on the other train and they
-meeting somewhere in-between. Characters from blender movies could
-also be used.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;2. Loads of crossword-puzzles with reference to subjects: We have
-enormous data sets in Wikipedia and Wikitionary.  I don&#39;t think it
-should be a big job to design crossword puzzles. Using categories and
-sub-categories it should be doable to have Q&amp;A single word answers
-from the existing data-sets. What would make it easy or hard could be
-the length of the word + existence of many or few vowels depending on
-the user&#39;s input.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;3. Jigsaw puzzles - We already have a great software called
-palapeli with number of slicers making it pretty interesting. What
-needs to be done is to download large number of public domain and
-copyleft images, tease and use IPTC tags to categorise them into
-nature, history etc.  and let it loose. This could turn to be really
-huge collection of images. One source could be taken from
-commons.wikimedia.org, others could be huge collection of royalty-free
-stock photos. Potential is immense.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Apart from this, free software suffers in two directions, we lag
-both in development (of using new features per-se) and maintenance a
-lot.  This is more so in educational software as these applications
-need to be timely and the opportunity cost of missing deadlines is
-immense. If we are able to solve issues of funding for development and
-maintenance of such software I don&#39;t see any big difficulties. I know
-of few start-ups in and around India who would love to develop and
-maintain such software if funding issues could be solved.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Which free software do you use daily?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;That would be huge list. Some of the softwares are obviously apt,
-aptitude, debdelta, leafpad, the shell of course (zsh nowadays),
-quassel for IRC. In games I use shisen-sho while card-games are evenly
-between kpat and Aiselriot.  In desktops it&#39;s a tie between
-gnome-flashback and mate.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
-get schools to use free software?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;I think it should first start with using specific FOSS apps. in
-whatever environment they are. If it&#39;s MS-Windows or Mac so be it.
-Once they are habitual with the apps. and there is buy-in from the
-school management then it could be installed anywhere. Most of the
-people now understand the concept of a repository because of the
-various online stores so it isn&#39;t hard to convince on that front.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;What is harder is having enough people with technical skills and
-passion to service them. If you get buy-in from one or two teachers
-then ideas like above could also be asked to be done as a project as
-well.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;I think where we fall short more than anything is in marketing. For
-instance, Debian has this whole range of fonts in its archive but
-there isn&#39;t even a page where all those different fonts in the La
-Ipsum format could be tried out for newcomers.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;One of the issues faced constantly in installations is with updates
-and upgrades.  People have this myth that each update and upgrade
-means the user interface will / has to change. I have seen this
-innumerable times.  That perhaps is one of the reasons which browsers
-like Iceweasel / Firefox change user interfaces so much, not because
-it might be needed or be functional but because people believe that
-changed user interfaces are better. This, can easily be pointed with
-the user interfaces changed with almost every MS-Windows and Mac OS
-releases.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;The problems with Debian Edu for deployment are many. The biggest
-is the huge gap between what is taught in schools and what Debian Edu
-is aimed at.
-
-&lt;p&gt;Me and my friends did teach on week-ends in a government school for
-around 2 years, and
-&lt;a href=&quot;https://flossexperiences.wordpress.com/2012/10/08/sharings/&quot;&gt;gathered
-some experience&lt;/a&gt; there.  Some of the things we learnt/discovered
-there was :&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;ol&gt;
-
-  &lt;li&gt;Most of the teachers are very territorial about their subjects
-   and they do not want you to teach anything out of the
-   portion/syllabus given.&lt;/li&gt;
-
-  &lt;li&gt;They want any activity on the system in accordance to whatever
-   is in the syllabus.&lt;/li&gt;
-
-  &lt;li&gt;There are huge barriers both with the English language and at
-   times with objects or whatever. An example, let&#39;s say in gcompris
-   you have objects falling down and you have to name them and let&#39;s
-   say the falling object is a hat or a fedora hat, this would not be
-   as recognizable as say a
-   &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puneri_Pagadi&quot;&gt;Puneri
-   Pagdi&lt;/a&gt; so there is need to inject local objects, words wherever
-   possible. Especially for word-games there are so many hindi words
-   which have become part of english vocabulary (for instance in
-   parley), those could be made into a hinglish collection or
-   something but that is something for upstream to do.&lt;/li&gt;
-
-&lt;/ol&gt;
+		<title>Detect OOXML files with undefined behaviour?</title>
+		<link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Detect_OOXML_files_with_undefined_behaviour_.html</link>
+		<guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Detect_OOXML_files_with_undefined_behaviour_.html</guid>
+                <pubDate>Tue, 21 Feb 2017 00:20:00 +0100</pubDate>
+		<description>&lt;p&gt;I just noticed
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.arkivrad.no/aktuelt/riksarkivarens-forskrift-pa-horing&quot;&gt;the
+new Norwegian proposal for archiving rules in the goverment&lt;/a&gt; list
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ecma-international.org/publications/standards/Ecma-376.htm&quot;&gt;ECMA-376&lt;/a&gt;
+/ ISO/IEC 29500 (aka OOXML) as valid formats to put in long term
+storage.  Luckily such files will only be accepted based on
+pre-approval from the National Archive.  Allowing OOXML files to be
+used for long term storage might seem like a good idea as long as we
+forget that there are plenty of ways for a &quot;valid&quot; OOXML document to
+have content with no defined interpretation in the standard, which
+lead to a question and an idea.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Is there any tool to detect if a OOXML document depend on such
+undefined behaviour?  It would be useful for the National Archive (and
+anyone else interested in verifying that a document is well defined)
+to have such tool available when considering to approve the use of
+OOXML.  I&#39;m aware of the
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/arlm/officeotron/&quot;&gt;officeotron OOXML
+validator&lt;/a&gt;, but do not know how complete it is nor if it will
+report use of undefined behaviour.  Are there other similar tools
+available?  Please send me an email if you know of any such tool.&lt;/p&gt;
 </description>
 	</item>