X-Git-Url: http://pere.pagekite.me/gitweb/homepage.git/blobdiff_plain/2f06645637306cff305ace1a0875d3189c106ebc..aa4069048e4b39f85304deb4c9abc90695b8441c:/blog/index.rss diff --git a/blog/index.rss b/blog/index.rss index b25af5737c..e42e39614e 100644 --- a/blog/index.rss +++ b/blog/index.rss @@ -7,554 +7,634 @@ - TISA - nok en problematisk og hemmelig handelsavtale - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/TISA___nok_en_problematisk_og_hemmelig_handelsavtale.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/TISA___nok_en_problematisk_og_hemmelig_handelsavtale.html - Thu, 5 Nov 2015 09:20:00 +0100 - <p>Norge er aktiv i Trade in Services Agreement-forhandlingene, og -regjeringen forteller at -«<a href="https://www.regjeringen.no/no/tema/utenrikssaker/handelspolitikk/tisa/id2403335/">TISA -vil sikre norske tjenesteeksportører forutsigbar og -ikke-diskriminerende adgang til utenlandske tjenestemarkeder</a>». -Det er mulig at det stemmer. Men den gjør mye mer enn det. Avtalen -forhandles i hemmelighet, og kun takket være -<a href="https://wikileaks.org/tisa/">Wikileaks</a> er -utkast og biter kjent i offentligheten. Det som er blitt kjent er -for eksempel at TISA kan -<a href="https://www.techdirt.com/articles/20150604/06324931218/tisa-agreement-might-outlaw-governments-mandating-open-source-software-many-situations.shtml">blokkere -myndigheter fra å kreve bruk av fri programvare i mange -situasjoner</a>, hvilket vil fjerne muligheten vår til å ha kontroll -over egne datasystemer i slike tilfeller. Den kan også -<a href="https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2015/05/tisa-yet-another-leaked-treaty-youve-never-heard-makes-secret-rules-internet">blokkere -Norges mulighet til å holde kontroll med overføring av -personinformasjon ut av landet</a>, hvilket Snowden-bekreftelsene har -dokumentert er svært problematisk. - -<p>Jeg ble derfor veldig glad da jeg i dag ble tipset i dag om at det -allerede finnes en aktiv organisasjon, -<a href="http://www.folkeaksjonenmottisa.no/">Folkeaksjonen mot -TISA</a>, som jobber for å hindre at Norge signerer på TISA-avtalen. -Her må alle gode krefter jobbe sammen. Jeg skal sende dem litt -penger, og se om jeg har kapasitet til å bidra med mer.</p> - - - - - Is Pentagon deciding the Norwegian negotiating position on Internet governance? - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Is_Pentagon_deciding_the_Norwegian_negotiating_position_on_Internet_governance_.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Is_Pentagon_deciding_the_Norwegian_negotiating_position_on_Internet_governance_.html - Tue, 3 Nov 2015 13:40:00 +0100 - <p>In Norway, all government offices are required by law to keep a -list of every document or letter arriving and leaving their offices. -Internal notes should also be documented. The document list (called a mail -journal - "postjournal" in Norwegian) is public information and thanks -to the Norwegian Freedom of Information Act (Offentleglova) the mail -journal is available for everyone. Most offices even publish the mail -journal on their web pages, as PDFs or tables in web pages. The state-level offices even have a shared web based search service (called -<a href="https://www.oep.no/">Offentlig Elektronisk Postjournal - -OEP</a>) to make it possible to search the entries in the list. Not -all journal entries show up on OEP, and the search service is hard to -use, but OEP does make it easier to find at least some interesting -journal entries .</p> - -<p>In 2012 I came across a document in the mail journal for the -Norwegian Ministry of Transport and Communications on OEP that -piqued my interest. The title of the document was -"<a href="https://www.oep.no/search/resultSingle.html?journalPostId=4192362">Internet -Governance and how it affects national security</a>" (Norwegian: -"Internet Governance og påvirkning på nasjonal sikkerhet"). The -document date was 2012-05-22, and it was said to be sent from the -"Permanent Mission of Norway to the United Nations". I asked for a -copy, but my request was rejected with a reference to a legal clause said to authorize them to reject it -(<a href="http://lovdata.no/lov/2006-05-19-16/§20">offentleglova § 20, -letter c</a>) and an explanation that the document was exempt because -of foreign policy interests as it contained information related to the -Norwegian negotiating position, negotiating strategies or similar. I -was told the information in the document related to the ongoing -negotiation in the International Telecommunications Union (ITU). The -explanation made sense to me in early January 2013, as a ITU -conference in Dubay discussing Internet Governance -(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Telecommunication_Union#World_Conference_on_International_Telecommunications_2012_.28WCIT-12.29">World -Conference on International Telecommunications - WCIT-12</a>) had just -ended, -<a href="http://www.digi.no/kommentarer/2012/12/18/tvil-om-usas-rolle-pa-teletoppmote">reportedly -in chaos</a> when USA walked out of the negotiations and 25 countries -including Norway refused to sign the new treaty. It seemed -reasonable to believe talks were still going on a few weeks later. -Norway was represented at the ITU meeting by two authorities, the -<a href="http://www.nkom.no/">Norwegian Communications Authority</a> -and the <a href="https://www.regjeringen.no/no/dep/sd/">Ministry of -Transport and Communications</a>. This might be the reason the letter -was sent to the ministry. As I was unable to find the document in the -mail journal of any Norwegian UN mission, I asked the ministry who had -sent the document to the ministry, and was told that it was the Deputy -Permanent Representative with the Permanent Mission of Norway in -Geneva.</p> - -<p>Three years later, I was still curious about the content of that -document, and again asked for a copy, believing the negotiation was -over now. This time -<a href="https://mimesbronn.no/request/kopi_av_dokumenter_i_sak_2012914">I -asked both the Ministry of Transport and Communications as the -receiver</a> and -<a href="https://mimesbronn.no/request/brev_om_internet_governance_og_p">asked -the Permanent Mission of Norway in Geneva as the sender</a> for a -copy, to see if they both agreed that it should be withheld from the -public. The ministry upheld its rejection quoting the same law -reference as before, while the permanent mission rejected it quoting a -different clause -(<a href="http://lovdata.no/lov/2006-05-19-16/§20">offentleglova § 20 -letter b</a>), claiming that they were required to keep the -content of the document from the public because it contained -information given to Norway with the expressed or implied expectation -that the information should not be made public. I asked the permanent -mission for an explanation, and was told that the document contained -an account from a meeting held in the Pentagon for a limited group of NATO -nations where the organiser of the meeting did not intend the content -of the meeting to be publicly known. They explained that giving me a -copy might cause Norway to not get access to similar information in -the future and thus hurt the future foreign interests of Norway. They -also explained that the Permanent Mission of Norway in Geneva was not -the author of the document, they only got a copy of it, and because of -this had not listed it in their mail journal.</p> - -<p>Armed with this -knowledge I asked the Ministry to reconsider and asked who was the -author of the document, now realising that it was not same as the -"sender" according to Ministry of Transport and Communications. The -ministry upheld its rejection but told me the name of the author of -the document. According to -<a href="https://www.regjeringen.no/no/aktuelt/unga69_rapport1/id2001204/">a -government report</a> the author was with the Permanent Mission of -Norway in New York a bit more than a year later (2014-09-22), so I -guessed that might be the office responsible for writing and sending -the report initially and -<a href="https://www.mimesbronn.no/request/mote_2012_i_pentagon_om_itu">asked -them for a copy</a> but I was obviously wrong as I was told that the -document was unknown to them and that the author did not work there -when the document was written. Next, I asked the Permanent Mission of -Norway in Geneva and the Foreign Ministry to reconsider and at least -tell me who sent the document to Deputy Permanent Representative with -the Permanent Mission of Norway in Geneva. The Foreign Ministry also -upheld its rejection, but told me that the person sending the document -to Permanent Mission of Norway in Geneva was the defence attaché with -the Norwegian Embassy in Washington. I do not know if this is the -same person as the author of the document.</p> - -<p>If I understand the situation correctly, someone capable of -inviting selected NATO nations to a meeting in Pentagon organised a -meeting where someone representing the Norwegian defence attaché in -Washington attended, and the account from this meeting is interpreted -by the Ministry of Transport and Communications to expose Norways -negotiating position, negotiating strategies and similar regarding the -ITU negotiations on Internet Governance. It is truly amazing what can -be derived from mere meta-data.</p> - -<p>I wonder which NATO countries besides Norway attended this meeting? -And what exactly was said and done at the meeting? Anyone know?</p> - - - - - New book, "Fri kultur" by @lessig, a Norwegian Bokmål translation of "Free Culture" from 2004 - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/New_book___Fri_kultur__by__lessig__a_Norwegian_Bokm_l_translation_of__Free_Culture__from_2004.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/New_book___Fri_kultur__by__lessig__a_Norwegian_Bokm_l_translation_of__Free_Culture__from_2004.html - Sat, 31 Oct 2015 09:00:00 +0100 - <p>People keep asking me where to get the various forms of the book I -published last week, the Norwegian Bokmål edition of Lawrence Lessigs -book <a href="http://www.free-culture.cc/">Free Culture</a>. It was -published on paper via lulu.com, and is also available in PDF, ePub -and MOBI format. I currently sell the paper edition for self cost -from lulu.com, but might extend the distribution to book stores like -Amazon and Barnes & Noble later. This will double the price and force -me to make a profit from selling the book. Anyway, here are links to -get the book in different formats:</p> + Idea for storing trusted timestamps in a Noark 5 archive + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_storing_trusted_timestamps_in_a_Noark_5_archive.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_storing_trusted_timestamps_in_a_Noark_5_archive.html + Wed, 7 Jun 2017 21:40:00 +0200 + <p><em>This is a copy of +<a href="https://lists.nuug.no/pipermail/nikita-noark/2017-June/000297.html">an +email I posted to the nikita-noark mailing list</a>. Please follow up +there if you would like to discuss this topic. The background is that +we are making a free software archive system based on the Norwegian +<a href="https://www.arkivverket.no/forvaltning-og-utvikling/regelverk-og-standarder/noark-standarden">Noark +5 standard</a> for government archives.</em></p> + +<p>I've been wondering a bit lately how trusted timestamps could be +stored in Noark 5. +<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trusted_timestamping">Trusted +timestamps</a> can be used to verify that some information +(document/file/checksum/metadata) have not been changed since a +specific time in the past. This is useful to verify the integrity of +the documents in the archive.</p> + +<p>Then it occured to me, perhaps the trusted timestamps could be +stored as dokument variants (ie dokumentobjekt referered to from +dokumentbeskrivelse) with the filename set to the hash it is +stamping?</p> + +<p>Given a "dokumentbeskrivelse" with an associated "dokumentobjekt", +a new dokumentobjekt is associated with "dokumentbeskrivelse" with the +same attributes as the stamped dokumentobjekt except these +attributes:</p> <ul> - <li><a href="http://www.lulu.com/shop/lawrence-lessig/fri-kultur/paperback/product-22406445.html">Buy - paper edition from lulu.com</a></li> - - <li><a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig/raw/master/archive/freeculture.nb.pdf">Download - PDF, size 7.9 MiB</a> (gratis/free)</li> - - <li><a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig/raw/master/archive/freeculture.nb.epub">Download - ePub, size 11 MiB</a> (gratis/free)</li> - - <li><a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig/raw/master/archive/freeculture.nb.mobi">Download - MOBI, size 3.8 MiB</a> (gratis/free)</li> +<li>format -> "RFC3161" +<li>mimeType -> "application/timestamp-reply" +<li>formatDetaljer -> "&lt;source URL for timestamp service&gt;" +<li>filenavn -> "&lt;sjekksum&gt;.tsr" </ul> -<p>Note that the MOBI version have problems with the table of content, -at least with the viewers I have been able to test. And the ePub file -have several problems according to -<a href="https://github.com/IDPF/epubcheck">epubcheck</a>, but seem -to display fine in the viewers I have tested. All the files needed to -create the book in various forms are available from -<a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig">the -github project page</a>.</p> - -<p>The project got press coverage from the Norwegian IT news site -digi.no. Check out the article -"<a href="http://www.digi.no/juss_og_samfunn/2015/10/29/vil-apne-politikernes-oyne-for-creative-commons">Vil -åpne politikernes øyne for Creative Commons</a>".</li> - -<p>I've <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">blogged -about the project</a> as it moved along. The blogs document the translation -progress and insights I had along the way.</p> +<p>This assume a service following +<a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3161">IETF RFC 3161</a> is +used, which specifiy the given MIME type for replies and the .tsr file +ending for the content of such trusted timestamp. As far as I can +tell from the Noark 5 specifications, it is OK to have several +variants/renderings of a dokument attached to a given +dokumentbeskrivelse objekt. It might be stretching it a bit to make +some of these variants represent crypto-signatures useful for +verifying the document integrity instead of representing the dokument +itself.</p> + +<p>Using the source of the service in formatDetaljer allow several +timestamping services to be used. This is useful to spread the risk +of key compromise over several organisations. It would only be a +problem to trust the timestamps if all of the organisations are +compromised.</p> + +<p>The following oneliner on Linux can be used to generate the tsr +file. $input is the path to the file to checksum, and $sha256 is the +SHA-256 checksum of the file (ie the "<sjekksum>.tsr" value mentioned +above).</p> + +<p><blockquote><pre> +openssl ts -query -data "$inputfile" -cert -sha256 -no_nonce \ + | curl -s -H "Content-Type: application/timestamp-query" \ + --data-binary "@-" http://zeitstempel.dfn.de > $sha256.tsr +</pre></blockquote></p> + +<p>To verify the timestamp, you first need to download the public key +of the trusted timestamp service, for example using this command:</p> + +<p><blockquote><pre> +wget -O ca-cert.txt \ + https://pki.pca.dfn.de/global-services-ca/pub/cacert/chain.txt +</pre></blockquote></p> + +<p>Note, the public key should be stored alongside the timestamps in +the archive to make sure it is also available 100 years from now. It +is probably a good idea to standardise how and were to store such +public keys, to make it easier to find for those trying to verify +documents 100 or 1000 years from now. :)</p> + +<p>The verification itself is a simple openssl command:</p> + +<p><blockquote><pre> +openssl ts -verify -data $inputfile -in $sha256.tsr \ + -CAfile ca-cert.txt -text +</pre></blockquote></p> + +<p>Is there any reason this approach would not work? Is it somehow against +the Noark 5 specification?</p> - Gavebok overlevert Stortinget i dag - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gavebok_overlevert_Stortinget_i_dag.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gavebok_overlevert_Stortinget_i_dag.html - Thu, 29 Oct 2015 11:50:00 +0100 - <p>Like før kl. 11 i dag leverte jeg fem esker med gaveinnpakkede -bøker til Stortinget, for utdeling til alle stortingsrepresentanter. -Det ble etterfulgt av følgende pressemelding. Stor takk til NUUG for -lån av epostliste for å sende ut pressemeldingen.</p> + Når nynorskoversettelsen svikter til eksamen... + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/N_r_nynorskoversettelsen_svikter_til_eksamen___.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/N_r_nynorskoversettelsen_svikter_til_eksamen___.html + Sat, 3 Jun 2017 08:20:00 +0200 + <p><a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/norge/Krever-at-elever-ma-fa-annullert-eksamen-etter-rot-med-oppgavetekster-622459b.html">Aftenposten +melder i dag</a> om feil i eksamensoppgavene for eksamen i politikk og +menneskerettigheter, der teksten i bokmåls og nynorskutgaven ikke var +like. Oppgaveteksten er gjengitt i artikkelen, og jeg ble nysgjerring +på om den fri oversetterløsningen +<a href="https://www.apertium.org/">Apertium</a> ville gjort en bedre +jobb enn Utdanningsdirektoratet. Det kan se slik ut.</p> + +<p>Her er bokmålsoppgaven fra eksamenen:</p> + +<blockquote> +<p>Drøft utfordringene knyttet til nasjonalstatenes og andre aktørers +rolle og muligheter til å håndtere internasjonale utfordringer, som +for eksempel flykningekrisen.</p> + +<p>Vedlegge er eksempler på tekster som kan gi relevante perspektiver +på temaet:</p> +<ol> +<li>Flykningeregnskapet 2016, UNHCR og IDMC +<li>«Grenseløst Europa for fall» A-Magasinet, 26. november 2015 +</ol> + +</blockquote> + +<p>Dette oversetter Apertium slik:</p> <blockquote> +<p>Drøft utfordringane knytte til nasjonalstatane sine og rolla til +andre aktørar og høve til å handtera internasjonale utfordringar, som +til dømes *flykningekrisen.</p> -<p><strong>Er opphavsretten for streng, spør ny bok</strong></p> - -<p>I dag kommer boken «<a href="http://free-culture.cc/">Fri -kultur</a>» av Lawrence Lessig ut på norsk. Boken handler om -utviklingen og utvidelsene opphavsretten har hatt de siste 40 årene. -Boken er i dag gitt i gave til alle stortingsrepresentantene. -Oversetter og utgiver Petter Reinholdtsen håper Stortinget vil tenke -seg om to ganger neste gang det er snakk om utvidelse av -opphavsretten.</p> - -<p>Boken forteller om hvordan store medieaktører ved hjelp av -opphavsretten bruker teknologi til å begrense kulturen og kontrollere -kreativiteten. Den er skrevet av stifteren av -<a href="https://creativecommons.org/">Creative Commons</a>, professor -Lawrence Lessig, som for tiden er med i kampen om å bli Demokratenes -<a href="https://lessig2016.us/">presidentkandidat i USA sitt -presidentvalg i 2016</a>. Lessig ble sist omtalt i norske medier da -NRK i høst viste dokumentaren «Kampen for et demokratisk internett» -som også er -<a href="https://archive.org/details/TheInternetsOwnBoyTheStoryOfAaronSwartz">tilgjengelig -fra The Internet Archive</a>.</p> - -<p>Boken beskriver hvordan opphavsrettens makt i USA har blitt -betydelig utvidet etter 1974 langs fem kritiske akser: varighet (fra -32 til 95 år), omfang (fra utgivere til alle), rekkevidde (gjelder nå -enhver fremvisning via datamaskin), kontroll (avledede verk er -definert så bredt at i praksis alle nye åndsverk risikerer søksmål fra -en opphavsrettsinnehaver) og til sist maktkonsentrasjon og integrering -av mediebransjen. Den dokumenterer også hvordan medieindustrien har -lyktes med å bruke rettsvesenet til å begrense konkurranse, og i -praksis har skaffet seg vetorett over teknologiske nyvinninger. -Nedlasting av fritt, lovlig og i utgangspunktet gratis materiale -stoppes med tekniske sperrer og lobbyert lovvern av sperrene.</p> - -<p>Utvidelsene illustreres i boken med ulike eksempler. For eksempel -en demonstrasjon av at Walt Disney ville ha blitt ansett som en -opphavsrettspirat dersom han gjorde i dag det han gjorde på -1930-tallet. Boken beskriver hvordan vern av åndsverk er bra, men at -mer vern ikke nødvendigvis er bedre.<?p> - -<p>Petter Reinholdtsen, som sammen med flere frivillige har oversatt -boken på fritiden de siste 3 årene, håper at boken vil gjøre en -forskjell. «Når en vet hvordan opphavsrettens varighet i Norge, uten -opposisjon på Stortinget, ble utvidet nok en gang i mai i fjor, og -hvordan Norges handelspartner USA gjennom de nye handelsavtalene -Trans-Pacific Partnership og Transatlantic Trade and Investment -Partnership -<a href="https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2015/10/final-leaked-tpp-text-all-we-feared">ønsker -å utvide opphavsrettens makt også i andre land</a>, håper jeg at flere -vil spørre: Er det virkelig fornuftig å gjøre de samme utvidelsene i -Norge?», spør han. «Jeg håper boken kan bidra til kunnskap og -forståelse, og kan gi Stortinget et bedre grunnlag til å ta riktige -beslutninger som ivaretar befolkningens og samfunnets interesser i -Norge.»</p> - -<p>Petter Reinholdtsen er en mangeårig fri programvareutvikler som har -vært med på å lage systemer som operativsystemet Debian, IT-løsningen -Skolelinux, borgerportalen FiksGataMi og innsynstjenesten Mimes brønn. -Han forteller han selv har opplevd problemene utvidet varighet, -omfang, rekkevidde og kontroll i opphavsretten medfører og at boken -var en oppvekker. «Jeg håper andre finner boken like interessant som -jeg gjorde. Boken kan -<a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig">lastes -gratis ned fra github</a> eller -<a href="http://www.lulu.com/shop/lawrence-lessig/fri-kultur/paperback/product-22406445.html">kjøpes -på papir fra lulu.com</a>,» avslutter Reinholdtsen.</p> +<p>Vedleggja er døme på tekster som kan gje relevante perspektiv på +temaet:</p> + +<ol> +<li>*Flykningeregnskapet 2016, *UNHCR og *IDMC</li> +<li>«*Grenseløst Europa for fall» A-Magasinet, 26. november 2015</li> +</ol> </blockquote> -<p>Så får vi se om det har noen positiv effekt. :)</p> +<p>Ord som ikke ble forstått er markert med stjerne (*), og trenger +ekstra språksjekk. Men ingen ord er forsvunnet, slik det var i +oppgaven elevene fikk presentert på eksamen. Jeg mistenker dog at +"andre aktørers rolle og muligheter til ..." burde vært oversatt til +"rolla til andre aktørar og deira høve til ..." eller noe slikt, men +det er kanskje flisespikking. Det understreker vel bare at det alltid +trengs korrekturlesning etter automatisk oversettelse.</p> + + + + + Epost inn som arkivformat i Riksarkivarens forskrift? + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Epost_inn_som_arkivformat_i_Riksarkivarens_forskrift_.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Epost_inn_som_arkivformat_i_Riksarkivarens_forskrift_.html + Thu, 27 Apr 2017 11:30:00 +0200 + <p>I disse dager, med frist 1. mai, har Riksarkivaren ute en høring på +sin forskrift. Som en kan se er det ikke mye tid igjen før fristen +som går ut på søndag. Denne forskriften er det som lister opp hvilke +formater det er greit å arkivere i +<a href="http://www.arkivverket.no/arkivverket/Offentleg-forvalting/Noark/Noark-5">Noark +5-løsninger</a> i Norge.</p> + +<p>Jeg fant høringsdokumentene hos +<a href="https://www.arkivrad.no/aktuelt/riksarkivarens-forskrift-pa-horing">Norsk +Arkivråd</a> etter å ha blitt tipset på epostlisten til +<a href="https://github.com/hiOA-ABI/nikita-noark5-core">fri +programvareprosjektet Nikita Noark5-Core</a>, som lager et Noark 5 +Tjenestegresesnitt. Jeg er involvert i Nikita-prosjektet og takket +være min interesse for tjenestegrensesnittsprosjektet har jeg lest en +god del Noark 5-relaterte dokumenter, og til min overraskelse oppdaget +at standard epost ikke er på listen over godkjente formater som kan +arkiveres. Høringen med frist søndag er en glimrende mulighet til å +forsøke å gjøre noe med det. Jeg holder på med +<a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/noark5-tester/blob/master/docs/hoering-arkivforskrift.tex">egen +høringsuttalelse</a>, og lurer på om andre er interessert i å støtte +forslaget om å tillate arkivering av epost som epost i arkivet.</p> + +<p>Er du igang med å skrive egen høringsuttalelse allerede? I så fall +kan du jo vurdere å ta med en formulering om epost-lagring. Jeg tror +ikke det trengs så mye. Her et kort forslag til tekst:</p> + +<p><blockquote> + + <p>Viser til høring sendt ut 2017-02-17 (Riksarkivarens referanse + 2016/9840 HELHJO), og tillater oss å sende inn noen innspill om + revisjon av Forskrift om utfyllende tekniske og arkivfaglige + bestemmelser om behandling av offentlige arkiver (Riksarkivarens + forskrift).</p> + + <p>Svært mye av vår kommuikasjon foregår i dag på e-post.  Vi + foreslår derfor at Internett-e-post, slik det er beskrevet i IETF + RFC 5322, + <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5322">https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5322</a>. bør + inn som godkjent dokumentformat.  Vi foreslår at forskriftens + oversikt over godkjente dokumentformater ved innlevering i § 5-16 + endres til å ta med Internett-e-post.</p> + +</blockquote></p> + +<p>Som del av arbeidet med tjenestegrensesnitt har vi testet hvordan +epost kan lagres i en Noark 5-struktur, og holder på å skrive et +forslag om hvordan dette kan gjøres som vil bli sendt over til +arkivverket så snart det er ferdig. De som er interesserte kan +<a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/noark5-tester/blob/master/docs/epostlagring.md">følge +fremdriften på web</a>.</p> + +<p>Oppdatering 2017-04-28: I dag ble høringuttalelsen jeg skrev + <a href="https://www.nuug.no/news/NUUGs_h_ringuttalelse_til_Riksarkivarens_forskrift.shtml">sendt + inn av foreningen NUUG</a>.</p> + + + + + Offentlig elektronisk postjournal blokkerer tilgang for utvalgte webklienter + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Offentlig_elektronisk_postjournal_blokkerer_tilgang_for_utvalgte_webklienter.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Offentlig_elektronisk_postjournal_blokkerer_tilgang_for_utvalgte_webklienter.html + Thu, 20 Apr 2017 13:00:00 +0200 + <p>Jeg oppdaget i dag at <a href="https://www.oep.no/">nettstedet som +publiserer offentlige postjournaler fra statlige etater</a>, OEP, har +begynt å blokkerer enkelte typer webklienter fra å få tilgang. Vet +ikke hvor mange det gjelder, men det gjelder i hvert fall libwww-perl +og curl. For å teste selv, kjør følgende:</p> + +<blockquote><pre> +% curl -v -s https://www.oep.no/pub/report.xhtml?reportId=3 2>&1 |grep '< HTTP' +< HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found +% curl -v -s --header 'User-Agent:Opera/12.0' https://www.oep.no/pub/report.xhtml?reportId=3 2>&1 |grep '< HTTP' +< HTTP/1.1 200 OK +% +</pre></blockquote> + +<p>Her kan en se at tjenesten gir «404 Not Found» for curl i +standardoppsettet, mens den gir «200 OK» hvis curl hevder å være Opera +versjon 12.0. Offentlig elektronisk postjournal startet blokkeringen +2017-03-02.</p> + +<p>Blokkeringen vil gjøre det litt vanskeligere å maskinelt hente +informasjon fra oep.no. Kan blokkeringen være gjort for å hindre +automatisert innsamling av informasjon fra OEP, slik Pressens +Offentlighetsutvalg gjorde for å dokumentere hvordan departementene +hindrer innsyn i +<a href="http://presse.no/dette-mener-np/undergraver-offentlighetsloven/">rapporten +«Slik hindrer departementer innsyn» som ble publiserte i januar +2017</a>. Det virker usannsynlig, da det jo er trivielt å bytte +User-Agent til noe nytt.</p> + +<p>Finnes det juridisk grunnlag for det offentlige å diskriminere +webklienter slik det gjøres her? Der tilgang gis eller ikke alt etter +hva klienten sier at den heter? Da OEP eies av DIFI og driftes av +Basefarm, finnes det kanskje noen dokumenter sendt mellom disse to +aktørene man kan be om innsyn i for å forstå hva som har skjedd. Men +<a href="https://www.oep.no/search/result.html?period=dateRange&fromDate=01.01.2016&toDate=01.04.2017&dateType=documentDate&caseDescription=&descType=both&caseNumber=&documentNumber=&sender=basefarm&senderType=both&documentType=all&legalAuthority=&archiveCode=&list2=196&searchType=advanced&Search=Search+in+records">postjournalen +til DIFI viser kun to dokumenter</a> det siste året mellom DIFI og +Basefarm. +<a href="https://www.mimesbronn.no/request/blokkering_av_tilgang_til_oep_fo">Mimes brønn neste</a>, +tenker jeg.</p> - "Fri kultur" av @lessig - norsk utgave av "Free Culture" tilgjengelig på papir, PDF og ePub - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/_Fri_kultur__av__lessig___norsk_utgave_av__Free_Culture__tilgjengelig_p__papir__PDF_og_ePub.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/_Fri_kultur__av__lessig___norsk_utgave_av__Free_Culture__tilgjengelig_p__papir__PDF_og_ePub.html - Wed, 28 Oct 2015 09:30:00 +0100 - <p><a href="http://www.lulu.com/shop/lawrence-lessig/fri-kultur/paperback/product-22406445.html">Klikk her for å kjøpe boken</a>.</p> - -<p>I 2004, mens <a href="https://creativecommons.org/">Creative -Commons-bevegelsen</a> vokste frem, skrev bevegelsens stifter Lawrence -Lessig boken -<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_Culture_(book)">Free -Culture</a> for å forklare problemene med økene åndsverksregulering og -for å foreslå noen løsninger. Jeg leste boken den gangen, og den både -inspirerte meg og endret på hvordan jeg så på opphavsrettslovigving. -Jeg skulle ønske flere folk leste denne boken. Den gir en god -gjennomgang av hvordan økende åndsverksregulering skader både -nyskapning og kulturlivet, og skisserer hvordan både lovgivere og oss -vanlige borgere kan bidra for å få slutt på dette.</p> - -<p>Derfor bestemte jeg meg sommeren 2012 for å oversette den til norsk -bokmål og gjøre den tilgjengelig for de blant mine venner og familie -som foretrekker å lese bøker på norsk. Jeg oversatte boken ved hjelp -av docbook og en gettext PO-fil, og endte opp med to utgaver, en på -norsk og en på engelsk. Den engelske publiserte jeg i forrige uke, og -den norske utgaven på papir -<a href="http://www.lulu.com/shop/lawrence-lessig/fri-kultur/paperback/product-22406445.html">er -nå klar for salg</a>. Jeg fikk heldigvis hjelp med oversetting og -korrekturlesing av den norske utgaven fra en rekke frivillige. Se -side 245 for en komplett liste. Slik ser omslaget ut: - -<p align="center"><a href="http://www.lulu.com/shop/lawrence-lessig/fri-kultur/paperback/product-22406445.html"><img align="center" src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2015-10-28-free-culture-norwegian-published-cover.png"/></a></p> - -<p>I tillegg til den norske og engelske utgaven holder vi på med en -fransk utgave. Den koordineres av dblatex-utvikleren Benoît Guillon, -og oversettelsen var komplett denne uka men må korrekturleses før den -kan gis ut. Flere frivillige trengs her, så ta kontakt med Benoît -hvis du vil bidra.</p> - -<p>Boken er også tilgjengelig i PDF, ePub og MOBI-format fra -<a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig">min -github-prosjektside</a>. Merk at ePub og MOBI-utgavene har noen -formatteringsproblemer som jeg tror kommer av feil i docbook-verktøyet -dbtoepub (Debian BTS-rapporter -<a href="https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=795842">#795842</a> -og -<a href="https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=796871">#796871</a>), -men jeg har ikke tatt meg tid til å undersøke problemene. For de som -vil ha elektronisk kopi anbefaler jeg å bruke PDF- og ePub-utgaven i -denne omgang, da de ser ut til å hånderes bra av de fremviserne jeg -har tilgjengelig.</p> - -<p>Etter at oversettelsen til bokmål var ferdig klarte jeg å overtale -<a href="http://www.nuugfoundation.no/">NUUG Foundation</a> til å -sponse trykking av boken. Det er årsaken til at stiftelsens logo er -på baksiden av omslaget. Jeg er svært takknemlig for dette, og bruker -bidraget til å gi en kopi av den norske utgaven til alle -Stortingsrepresentanter og andre beslutningstakere her i Norge.</p> + Free software archive system Nikita now able to store documents + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Free_software_archive_system_Nikita_now_able_to_store_documents.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Free_software_archive_system_Nikita_now_able_to_store_documents.html + Sun, 19 Mar 2017 08:00:00 +0100 + <p>The <a href="https://github.com/hiOA-ABI/nikita-noark5-core">Nikita +Noark 5 core project</a> is implementing the Norwegian standard for +keeping an electronic archive of government documents. +<a href="http://www.arkivverket.no/arkivverket/Offentlig-forvaltning/Noark/Noark-5/English-version">The +Noark 5 standard</a> document the requirement for data systems used by +the archives in the Norwegian government, and the Noark 5 web interface +specification document a REST web service for storing, searching and +retrieving documents and metadata in such archive. I've been involved +in the project since a few weeks before Christmas, when the Norwegian +Unix User Group +<a href="https://www.nuug.no/news/NOARK5_kjerne_som_fri_programvare_f_r_epostliste_hos_NUUG.shtml">announced +it supported the project</a>. I believe this is an important project, +and hope it can make it possible for the government archives in the +future to use free software to keep the archives we citizens depend +on. But as I do not hold such archive myself, personally my first use +case is to store and analyse public mail journal metadata published +from the government. I find it useful to have a clear use case in +mind when developing, to make sure the system scratches one of my +itches.</p> + +<p>If you would like to help make sure there is a free software +alternatives for the archives, please join our IRC channel +(<a href="irc://irc.freenode.net/%23nikita"">#nikita on +irc.freenode.net</a>) and +<a href="https://lists.nuug.no/mailman/listinfo/nikita-noark">the +project mailing list</a>.</p> + +<p>When I got involved, the web service could store metadata about +documents. But a few weeks ago, a new milestone was reached when it +became possible to store full text documents too. Yesterday, I +completed an implementation of a command line tool +<tt>archive-pdf</tt> to upload a PDF file to the archive using this +API. The tool is very simple at the moment, and find existing +<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fonds">fonds</a>, series and +files while asking the user to select which one to use if more than +one exist. Once a file is identified, the PDF is associated with the +file and uploaded, using the title extracted from the PDF itself. The +process is fairly similar to visiting the archive, opening a cabinet, +locating a file and storing a piece of paper in the archive. Here is +a test run directly after populating the database with test data using +our API tester:</p> + +<p><blockquote><pre> +~/src//noark5-tester$ ./archive-pdf mangelmelding/mangler.pdf +using arkiv: Title of the test fonds created 2017-03-18T23:49:32.103446 +using arkivdel: Title of the test series created 2017-03-18T23:49:32.103446 + + 0 - Title of the test case file created 2017-03-18T23:49:32.103446 + 1 - Title of the test file created 2017-03-18T23:49:32.103446 +Select which mappe you want (or search term): 0 +Uploading mangelmelding/mangler.pdf + PDF title: Mangler i spesifikasjonsdokumentet for NOARK 5 Tjenestegrensesnitt + File 2017/1: Title of the test case file created 2017-03-18T23:49:32.103446 +~/src//noark5-tester$ +</pre></blockquote></p> + +<p>You can see here how the fonds (arkiv) and serie (arkivdel) only had +one option, while the user need to choose which file (mappe) to use +among the two created by the API tester. The <tt>archive-pdf</tt> +tool can be found in the git repository for the API tester.</p> + +<p>In the project, I have been mostly working on +<a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/noark5-tester">the API +tester</a> so far, while getting to know the code base. The API +tester currently use +<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HATEOAS">the HATEOAS links</a> +to traverse the entire exposed service API and verify that the exposed +operations and objects match the specification, as well as trying to +create objects holding metadata and uploading a simple XML file to +store. The tester has proved very useful for finding flaws in our +implementation, as well as flaws in the reference site and the +specification.</p> + +<p>The test document I uploaded is a summary of all the specification +defects we have collected so far while implementing the web service. +There are several unclear and conflicting parts of the specification, +and we have +<a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/noark5-tester/tree/master/mangelmelding">started +writing down</a> the questions we get from implementing it. We use a +format inspired by how <a href="http://www.opengroup.org/austin/">The +Austin Group</a> collect defect reports for the POSIX standard with +<a href="http://www.opengroup.org/austin/mantis.html">their +instructions for the MANTIS defect tracker system</a>, in lack of an official way to structure defect reports for Noark 5 (our first submitted defect report was a <a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/noark5-tester/blob/master/mangelmelding/sendt/2017-03-15-mangel-prosess.md">request for a procedure for submitting defect reports</a> :). + +<p>The Nikita project is implemented using Java and Spring, and is +fairly easy to get up and running using Docker containers for those +that want to test the current code base. The API tester is +implemented in Python.</p> - "Free Culture" by @lessig - The background story for Creative Commons - new edition available - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/_Free_Culture__by__lessig___The_background_story_for_Creative_Commons___new_edition_available.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/_Free_Culture__by__lessig___The_background_story_for_Creative_Commons___new_edition_available.html - Fri, 23 Oct 2015 12:10:00 +0200 - <p><a href="http://www.lulu.com/shop/lawrence-lessig/free-culture/paperback/product-22402863.html">Click -here to buy the book</a>.</p> - -<p>In 2004, as the <a href="https://creativecommons.org/">Creative Commons -movement</a> gained momentum, its creator Lawrence Lessig wrote the -book <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_Culture_(book)">Free -Culture</a> to explain the problems with increasing copyright -regulation and suggest some solutions. I read the book back then and -was very moved by it. Reading the book inspired me and changed the -way I looked on copyright law, and I would love it if more people -would read it too.</p> - -<p>Because of this, I decided in the summer of 2012 to translate it to -Norwegian Bokmål and publish it for those of my friends and family -that prefer to read books in Norwegian. I translated the book using -docbook and a gettext PO file, and a byproduct of this process is a -new edition of the English original. I've been in touch with the -author during by work, and he said it was fine with him if I also -published an English version. So I decided to do so. Today, I made -this edition -<a href="http://www.lulu.com/shop/lawrence-lessig/free-culture/paperback/product-22402863.html">available -for sale on Lulu.com</a>, for those interested in a paper book. This -is the cover: - -<p align="center"><a href="http://www.lulu.com/shop/lawrence-lessig/free-culture/paperback/product-22402863.html"><img align="center" src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2015-10-23-free-culture-english-published-cover.png"/></a></p> - -<p>The Norwegian Bokmål version will be available for purchase in a -few days. I also plan to publish a French version in a few weeks or -months, depending on the amount of people with knowledge of French to -join the translation project. So far there is only one active -person, but the French book is almost completely translated but -need some proof reading.</p> - -<p>The book is also available in PDF, ePub and MOBI formats from -<a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig">my -github project page</a>. Note the ePub and MOBI versions have some -formatting problems I believe is due to bugs in the docbook tool -dbtoepub (Debian BTS issues -<a href="https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=795842">#795842</a> -and -<a href="https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=796871">#796871</a>), -but I have not taken the time to investigate. I recommend the PDF and -ePub version for now, as they seem to show up fine in the viewers I -have available.</p> - -<p>After the translation to Norwegian Bokmål was complete, I was able -to secure some sponsoring from -<a href="http://www.nuugfoundation.no/">the NUUG Foundation</a> to -print the book. This is the reason their logo is located on the back -cover. I am very grateful for their contribution, and will use it to -give a copy of the Norwegian edition to members of the Norwegian -Parliament and other decision makers here in Norway.</p> + Detecting NFS hangs on Linux without hanging yourself... + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Detecting_NFS_hangs_on_Linux_without_hanging_yourself___.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Detecting_NFS_hangs_on_Linux_without_hanging_yourself___.html + Thu, 9 Mar 2017 15:20:00 +0100 + <p>Over the years, administrating thousand of NFS mounting linux +computers at the time, I often needed a way to detect if the machine +was experiencing NFS hang. If you try to use <tt>df</tt> or look at a +file or directory affected by the hang, the process (and possibly the +shell) will hang too. So you want to be able to detect this without +risking the detection process getting stuck too. It has not been +obvious how to do this. When the hang has lasted a while, it is +possible to find messages like these in dmesg:</p> + +<p><blockquote> +nfs: server nfsserver not responding, still trying +<br>nfs: server nfsserver OK +</blockquote></p> + +<p>It is hard to know if the hang is still going on, and it is hard to +be sure looking in dmesg is going to work. If there are lots of other +messages in dmesg the lines might have rotated out of site before they +are noticed.</p> + +<p>While reading through the nfs client implementation in linux kernel +code, I came across some statistics that seem to give a way to detect +it. The om_timeouts sunrpc value in the kernel will increase every +time the above log entry is inserted into dmesg. And after digging a +bit further, I discovered that this value show up in +/proc/self/mountstats on Linux.</p> + +<p>The mountstats content seem to be shared between files using the +same file system context, so it is enough to check one of the +mountstats files to get the state of the mount point for the machine. +I assume this will not show lazy umounted NFS points, nor NFS mount +points in a different process context (ie with a different filesystem +view), but that does not worry me.</p> + +<p>The content for a NFS mount point look similar to this:</p> + +<p><blockquote><pre> +[...] +device /dev/mapper/Debian-var mounted on /var with fstype ext3 +device nfsserver:/mnt/nfsserver/home0 mounted on /mnt/nfsserver/home0 with fstype nfs statvers=1.1 + opts: rw,vers=3,rsize=65536,wsize=65536,namlen=255,acregmin=3,acregmax=60,acdirmin=30,acdirmax=60,soft,nolock,proto=tcp,timeo=600,retrans=2,sec=sys,mountaddr=129.240.3.145,mountvers=3,mountport=4048,mountproto=udp,local_lock=all + age: 7863311 + caps: caps=0x3fe7,wtmult=4096,dtsize=8192,bsize=0,namlen=255 + sec: flavor=1,pseudoflavor=1 + events: 61063112 732346265 1028140 35486205 16220064 8162542 761447191 71714012 37189 3891185 45561809 110486139 4850138 420353 15449177 296502 52736725 13523379 0 52182 9016896 1231 0 0 0 0 0 + bytes: 166253035039 219519120027 0 0 40783504807 185466229638 11677877 45561809 + RPC iostats version: 1.0 p/v: 100003/3 (nfs) + xprt: tcp 925 1 6810 0 0 111505412 111480497 109 2672418560317 0 248 53869103 22481820 + per-op statistics + NULL: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 + GETATTR: 61063106 61063108 0 9621383060 6839064400 453650 77291321 78926132 + SETATTR: 463469 463470 0 92005440 66739536 63787 603235 687943 + LOOKUP: 17021657 17021657 0 3354097764 4013442928 57216 35125459 35566511 + ACCESS: 14281703 14290009 5 2318400592 1713803640 1709282 4865144 7130140 + READLINK: 125 125 0 20472 18620 0 1112 1118 + READ: 4214236 4214237 0 715608524 41328653212 89884 22622768 22806693 + WRITE: 8479010 8494376 22 187695798568 1356087148 178264904 51506907 231671771 + CREATE: 171708 171708 0 38084748 46702272 873 1041833 1050398 + MKDIR: 3680 3680 0 773980 993920 26 23990 24245 + SYMLINK: 903 903 0 233428 245488 6 5865 5917 + MKNOD: 80 80 0 20148 21760 0 299 304 + REMOVE: 429921 429921 0 79796004 61908192 3313 2710416 2741636 + RMDIR: 3367 3367 0 645112 484848 22 5782 6002 + RENAME: 466201 466201 0 130026184 121212260 7075 5935207 5961288 + LINK: 289155 289155 0 72775556 67083960 2199 2565060 2585579 + READDIR: 2933237 2933237 0 516506204 13973833412 10385 3190199 3297917 + READDIRPLUS: 1652839 1652839 0 298640972 6895997744 84735 14307895 14448937 + FSSTAT: 6144 6144 0 1010516 1032192 51 9654 10022 + FSINFO: 2 2 0 232 328 0 1 1 + PATHCONF: 1 1 0 116 140 0 0 0 + COMMIT: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 + +device binfmt_misc mounted on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc with fstype binfmt_misc +[...] +</pre></blockquote></p> + +<p>The key number to look at is the third number in the per-op list. +It is the number of NFS timeouts experiences per file system +operation. Here 22 write timeouts and 5 access timeouts. If these +numbers are increasing, I believe the machine is experiencing NFS +hang. Unfortunately the timeout value do not start to increase right +away. The NFS operations need to time out first, and this can take a +while. The exact timeout value depend on the setup. For example the +defaults for TCP and UDP mount points are quite different, and the +timeout value is affected by the soft, hard, timeo and retrans NFS +mount options.</p> + +<p>The only way I have been able to get working on Debian and RedHat +Enterprise Linux for getting the timeout count is to peek in /proc/. +But according to +<ahref="http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E19253-01/816-4555/netmonitor-12/index.html">Solaris +10 System Administration Guide: Network Services</a>, the 'nfsstat -c' +command can be used to get these timeout values. But this do not work +on Linux, as far as I can tell. I +<ahref="http://bugs.debian.org/857043">asked Debian about this</a>, +but have not seen any replies yet.</p> + +<p>Is there a better way to figure out if a Linux NFS client is +experiencing NFS hangs? Is there a way to detect which processes are +affected? Is there a way to get the NFS mount going quickly once the +network problem causing the NFS hang has been cleared? I would very +much welcome some clues, as we regularly run into NFS hangs.</p> - EU-domstolen konkluderer motsatt av Skatteetaten når det gjelder Bitcoin - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/EU_domstolen_konkluderer_motsatt_av_Skatteetaten_n_r_det_gjelder_Bitcoin.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/EU_domstolen_konkluderer_motsatt_av_Skatteetaten_n_r_det_gjelder_Bitcoin.html - Thu, 22 Oct 2015 13:20:00 +0200 - <p>Bitcoin er i litt vinden i Norge for tiden, med -<a href="http://www.nrk.no/ytring/en-digital-robin-hood-1.12604681">kronikk -om bitcoin-overføringer på tvers av landegrensene</A> hos NRK Ytring -for to dager siden og -<a href="https://tv.nrk.no/program/KOID25009815/kapital-bitcoin-en-digital-pengebinge">dokumentar -om bitcoin</a> på NRK 2 i forgårs og i går. I den sammenhengen er det -spesielt hyggelig med en gladnyhet fra EU om Bitcoin.</p> - -<p>I dag konkluderte EU-domstolen at -<a href="http://curia.europa.eu/juris/document/document.jsf?text=&docid=170305&pageIndex=0&doclang=en&mode=req&dir=&occ=first&part=1&cid=604079">Bitcoin-kjøp -fra Bitcoin-børser ikke er MVA-pliktig</a> (sak C‑264/14). Fant -<a href="http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/10/22/us-bitcoin-tax-eu-idUSKCN0SG0X920151022">nyheten -først hos Reuters</a>, etter tips fra innehaveren av -<a href="http://www.bitmynt.no/">Bitmynt</a>. EU-domstolens avgjørelse -er stikk i strid med -<a href="http://www.skatteetaten.no/no/Radgiver/Rettskilder/Uttalelser/Prinsipputtalelser/Bruk-av-bitcoins--skatte--og-avgiftsmessige-konsekvenser/">annonseringen -fra Skatteetaten i 2013</a>, der de konkluderte med at bitcoin er et -«formuesobjekter» som det skulle betales mva på ved kjøp og salg. -Dermed la Skatteetaten opp til dobbel MVA-betaling hvis en kjøpte noe -med Bitcoin fra Norge (først mva på kjøp av Bitcoin, deretter mva på -det en kjøper med Bitcoin). Jeg lurer på om denne avgjørelsen får -Skatteetaten til å bytte mening. Gleder meg til fortsettelsen.</p> + How does it feel to be wiretapped, when you should be doing the wiretapping... + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_does_it_feel_to_be_wiretapped__when_you_should_be_doing_the_wiretapping___.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_does_it_feel_to_be_wiretapped__when_you_should_be_doing_the_wiretapping___.html + Wed, 8 Mar 2017 11:50:00 +0100 + <p>So the new president in the United States of America claim to be +surprised to discover that he was wiretapped during the election +before he was elected president. He even claim this must be illegal. +Well, doh, if it is one thing the confirmations from Snowden +documented, it is that the entire population in USA is wiretapped, one +way or another. Of course the president candidates were wiretapped, +alongside the senators, judges and the rest of the people in USA.</p> + +<p>Next, the Federal Bureau of Investigation ask the Department of +Justice to go public rejecting the claims that Donald Trump was +wiretapped illegally. I fail to see the relevance, given that I am +sure the surveillance industry in USA believe they have all the legal +backing they need to conduct mass surveillance on the entire +world.</p> + +<p>There is even the director of the FBI stating that he never saw an +order requesting wiretapping of Donald Trump. That is not very +surprising, given how the FISA court work, with all its activity being +secret. Perhaps he only heard about it?</p> + +<p>What I find most sad in this story is how Norwegian journalists +present it. In a news reports the other day in the radio from the +Norwegian National broadcasting Company (NRK), I heard the journalist +claim that 'the FBI denies any wiretapping', while the reality is that +'the FBI denies any illegal wiretapping'. There is a fundamental and +important difference, and it make me sad that the journalists are +unable to grasp it.</p> + +<p><strong>Update 2017-03-13:</strong> Look like +<a href="https://theintercept.com/2017/03/13/rand-paul-is-right-nsa-routinely-monitors-americans-communications-without-warrants/">The +Intercept report that US Senator Rand Paul confirm what I state above</a>.</p> - Lawrence Lessig interviewed Edward Snowden a year ago - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lawrence_Lessig_interviewed_Edward_Snowden_a_year_ago.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lawrence_Lessig_interviewed_Edward_Snowden_a_year_ago.html - Mon, 19 Oct 2015 11:50:00 +0200 - <p>Last year, <a href="https://lessig2016.us/">US president candidate -in the Democratic Party</a> Lawrence interviewed Edward Snowden. The -one hour interview was -<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o_Sr96TFQQE">published by -Harvard Law School 2014-10-23 on Youtube</a>, and the meeting took -place 2014-10-20.</p> - -<p>The questions are very good, and there is lots of useful -information to be learned and very interesting issues to think about -being raised. Please check it out.</p> - -<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/o_Sr96TFQQE" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe> - -<p>I find it especially interesting to hear again that Snowden did try -to bring up his reservations through the official channels without any -luck. It is in sharp contrast to the answers made 2013-11-06 by the -Norwegian prime minister Erna Solberg to the Norwegian Parliament, -<a href="https://tale.holderdeord.no/speeches/s131106/68">claiming -Snowden is no Whistle-Blower</a> because he should have taken up his -concerns internally and using official channels. It make me sad -that this is the political leadership we have here in Norway.</p> + Norwegian Bokmål translation of The Debian Administrator's Handbook complete, proofreading in progress + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Norwegian_Bokm_l_translation_of_The_Debian_Administrator_s_Handbook_complete__proofreading_in_progress.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Norwegian_Bokm_l_translation_of_The_Debian_Administrator_s_Handbook_complete__proofreading_in_progress.html + Fri, 3 Mar 2017 14:50:00 +0100 + <p>For almost a year now, we have been working on making a Norwegian +Bokmål edition of <a href="https://debian-handbook.info/">The Debian +Administrator's Handbook</a>. Now, thanks to the tireless effort of +Ole-Erik, Ingrid and Andreas, the initial translation is complete, and +we are working on the proof reading to ensure consistent language and +use of correct computer science terms. The plan is to make the book +available on paper, as well as in electronic form. For that to +happen, the proof reading must be completed and all the figures need +to be translated. If you want to help out, get in touch.</p> + +<p><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/debian-handbook/debian-handbook-nb-NO.pdf">A + +fresh PDF edition</a> in A4 format (the final book will have smaller +pages) of the book created every morning is available for +proofreading. If you find any errors, please +<a href="https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/debian-handbook/">visit +Weblate and correct the error</a>. The +<a href="http://l.github.io/debian-handbook/stat/nb-NO/index.html">state +of the translation including figures</a> is a useful source for those +provide Norwegian bokmål screen shots and figures.</p> - The Story of Aaron Swartz - Let us all weep! - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_Story_of_Aaron_Swartz___Let_us_all_weep_.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_Story_of_Aaron_Swartz___Let_us_all_weep_.html - Thu, 8 Oct 2015 12:10:00 +0200 - <p>The movie "<a href="http://www.takepart.com/internets-own-boy">The -Internet's Own Boy: The Story of Aaron Swartz</a>" is both inspiring -and depressing at the same time. The work of Aaron Swartz has -inspired me in my work, and I am grateful of all the improvements he -was able to initiate or complete. I wish I am able to do as much good -in my life as he did in his. Every minute of this 1:45 long movie is -inspiring in documenting how much impact a single person can have on -improving the society and this world. And it is depressing in -documenting how the law enforcement of USA (and other countries) is -corrupted to a point where they can push a bright kid to his death for -downloading too many scientific articles. Aaron is dead. Let us all -weep.</p> - -<p>The movie is also available on -<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vXr-2hwTk58">Youtube</a>. I -wish there were Norwegian subtitles available, so I could show it to -my parents.</p> + Unlimited randomness with the ChaosKey? + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Unlimited_randomness_with_the_ChaosKey_.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Unlimited_randomness_with_the_ChaosKey_.html + Wed, 1 Mar 2017 20:50:00 +0100 + <p>A few days ago I ordered a small batch of +<a href="http://altusmetrum.org/ChaosKey/">the ChaosKey</a>, a small +USB dongle for generating entropy created by Bdale Garbee and Keith +Packard. Yesterday it arrived, and I am very happy to report that it +work great! According to its designers, to get it to work out of the +box, you need the Linux kernel version 4.1 or later. I tested on a +Debian Stretch machine (kernel version 4.9), and there it worked just +fine, increasing the available entropy very quickly. I wrote a small +test oneliner to test. It first print the current entropy level, +drain /dev/random, and then print the entropy level for five seconds. +Here is the situation without the ChaosKey inserted:</p> + +<blockquote><pre> +% cat /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail; \ + dd bs=1M if=/dev/random of=/dev/null count=1; \ + for n in $(seq 1 5); do \ + cat /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail; \ + sleep 1; \ + done +300 +0+1 oppføringer inn +0+1 oppføringer ut +28 byte kopiert, 0,000264565 s, 106 kB/s +4 +8 +12 +17 +21 +% +</pre></blockquote> + +<p>The entropy level increases by 3-4 every second. In such case any +application requiring random bits (like a HTTPS enabled web server) +will halt and wait for more entrpy. And here is the situation with +the ChaosKey inserted:</p> + +<blockquote><pre> +% cat /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail; \ + dd bs=1M if=/dev/random of=/dev/null count=1; \ + for n in $(seq 1 5); do \ + cat /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail; \ + sleep 1; \ + done +1079 +0+1 oppføringer inn +0+1 oppføringer ut +104 byte kopiert, 0,000487647 s, 213 kB/s +433 +1028 +1031 +1035 +1038 +% +</pre></blockquote> + +<p>Quite the difference. :) I bought a few more than I need, in case +someone want to buy one here in Norway. :)</p> + +<p>Update: The dongle was presented at Debconf last year. You might +find <a href="https://debconf16.debconf.org/talks/94/">the talk +recording illuminating</a>. It explains exactly what the source of +randomness is, if you are unable to spot it from the schema drawing +available from the ChaosKey web site linked at the start of this blog +post.</p> - Alle Stortingets mobiltelefoner kontrolleres fra USA... - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Alle_Stortingets_mobiltelefoner_kontrolleres_fra_USA___.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Alle_Stortingets_mobiltelefoner_kontrolleres_fra_USA___.html - Wed, 7 Oct 2015 09:55:00 +0200 - <p>Jeg lot meg fascinere av -<a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/iriks/politikk/Stortinget-har-tilgang-til-a-fjernstyre-600-mobiler-8192692.html">en -artikkel i Aftenposten</a> der det fortelles at «over 600 telefoner som -benyttes av stortingsrepresentanter, rådgivere og ansatte på -Stortinget, kan «fjernstyres» ved hjelp av -<a href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.airwatch.androidagent">programvaren -Airwatch</a>, et såkalte MDM-program (Mobile Device Managment)». Det -hele bagatelliseres av Stortingets IT-stab, men det er i hovedsak på -grunn av at journalisten ikke stiller de relevante spørsmålene. For -meg er det relevante spørsmålet hvem som har lovlig tilgang (i henhold -til lokal lovgiving, dvs. i hvert fall i Norge, Sverige, UK og USA) -til informasjon om og på telefonene, og hvor enkelt det er å skaffe -seg tilgang til hvor mobilene befinner seg og informasjon som befinner -seg på telefonene ved hjelp av utro tjenere, trusler, innbrudd og -andre ulovlige metoder.</p> - -<p>Bruken av AirWatch betyr i realiteten at USAs etteretning og -politimyndigheter har full tilgang til stortingets mobiltelefoner, -inkludert posisjon og innhold, takket være -<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_Intelligence_Surveillance_Act_of_1978_Amendments_Act_of_2008">FISAAA-loven</a> -og -"<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_security_letter">National -Security Letters</a>" og det enkle faktum at selskapet -<a href="http://www.airwatch.com/">AirWatch</a> er kontrollert av et -selskap i USA. I tillegg er det kjent at flere lands -etterretningstjenester kan lytte på trafikken når den passerer -landegrensene.</p> - -<p>Jeg har bedt om mer informasjon -<a href="https://www.mimesbronn.no/request/saksnummer_for_saker_anganede_br">fra -Stortinget om bruken av AirWatch</a> via Mimes brønn så får vi se hva -de har å fortelle om saken. Fant ingenting om 'airwatch' i -postjournalen til Stortinget, så jeg trenger hjelp før jeg kan be om -innsyn i konkrete dokumenter.</p> - -<p>Oppdatering 2015-10-07: Jeg er blitt spurt hvorfor jeg antar at -AirWatch-agenten rapporterer til USA og ikke direkte til Stortingets -egen infrastruktur. Det stemmer at det er teknisk mulig å sette -opp mobiltelefonene til å rapportere til datamaskiner som eies av -Stortinget. Jeg antar det rapporteres til AirWatch sine sentrale -tjenester basert på det jeg leste fra beskrivelsen av -<a href="http://www.airwatch.com/solutions/mobile-device-management/">Mobile -Device Management</A> på AirWatch sine egne nettsider, koblet med at -det brukes en standard app som kan hentes fra "app-butikkene" for å få -tilgang. Enten må app-en settes opp individuelt hos Stortinget, eller -så får den beskjed fra AirWatch i USA om hvor den skal koble seg opp. -I det første tilfellet vil den ikke rapportere direkte til USA, men -til programvare utviklet av AirWatch som kjører på en maskin under -Stortingets kontroll. Det er litt bedre, men fortsatt vil det være -umulig for Stortinget å være sikker på hva programvaren som tar imot -forbindelser gjør. Jeg ser fra beskrivelsen av -<a href="http://www.airwatch.com/differentiators/enterprise-integration/">Enterprice -Integration</a> hos AirWatch at det er mulig å ha lokal installasjon, -og håper innsynsforespørsler mot Stortinget kan fortelle mer om -hvordan ting konkret fungerer der.</p> + Detect OOXML files with undefined behaviour? + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Detect_OOXML_files_with_undefined_behaviour_.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Detect_OOXML_files_with_undefined_behaviour_.html + Tue, 21 Feb 2017 00:20:00 +0100 + <p>I just noticed +<a href="http://www.arkivrad.no/aktuelt/riksarkivarens-forskrift-pa-horing">the +new Norwegian proposal for archiving rules in the goverment</a> list +<a href="http://www.ecma-international.org/publications/standards/Ecma-376.htm">ECMA-376</a> +/ ISO/IEC 29500 (aka OOXML) as valid formats to put in long term +storage. Luckily such files will only be accepted based on +pre-approval from the National Archive. Allowing OOXML files to be +used for long term storage might seem like a good idea as long as we +forget that there are plenty of ways for a "valid" OOXML document to +have content with no defined interpretation in the standard, which +lead to a question and an idea.</p> + +<p>Is there any tool to detect if a OOXML document depend on such +undefined behaviour? It would be useful for the National Archive (and +anyone else interested in verifying that a document is well defined) +to have such tool available when considering to approve the use of +OOXML. I'm aware of the +<a href="https://github.com/arlm/officeotron/">officeotron OOXML +validator</a>, but do not know how complete it is nor if it will +report use of undefined behaviour. Are there other similar tools +available? Please send me an email if you know of any such tool.</p>