X-Git-Url: http://pere.pagekite.me/gitweb/homepage.git/blobdiff_plain/212faa34bf604fac8f0b85563ff1a2ff6b0fe086..92433b45dfc4c0df34207c727c29e0a1a8a0f02f:/blog/index.rss diff --git a/blog/index.rss b/blog/index.rss index 69c7f4ccb6..9f77f0a71e 100644 --- a/blog/index.rss +++ b/blog/index.rss @@ -7,921 +7,816 @@ - I spent last weekend recording MakerCon Nordic - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/I_spent_last_weekend_recording_MakerCon_Nordic.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/I_spent_last_weekend_recording_MakerCon_Nordic.html - Thu, 23 Oct 2014 23:00:00 +0200 - <p>I spent last weekend at <a href="http://www.makercon.no/">Makercon -Nordic</a>, a great conference and workshop for makers in Norway and -the surrounding countries. I had volunteered on behalf of the -Norwegian Unix Users Group (NUUG) to video record the talks, and we -had a great and exhausting time recording the entire day, two days in -a row. There were only two of us, Hans-Petter and me, and we used the -regular video equipment for NUUG, with a -<a href="http://dvswitch.alioth.debian.org/wiki/">dvswitch</a>, a -camera and a VGA to DV convert box, and mixed video and slides -live.</p> - -<p>Hans-Petter did the post-processing, consisting of uploading the -around 180 GiB of raw video to Youtube, and the result is -<a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/MakerConNordic/">now becoming -public</a> on the MakerConNordic account. The videos have the license -NUUG always use on our recordings, which is -<a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/no/">Creative -Commons Navngivelse-Del på samme vilkår 3.0 Norge</a>. Many great -talks available. Check it out! :)</p> + In my hand, a pocket book edition of the Norwegian Free Culture book! + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/In_my_hand__a_pocket_book_edition_of_the_Norwegian_Free_Culture_book_.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/In_my_hand__a_pocket_book_edition_of_the_Norwegian_Free_Culture_book_.html + Wed, 19 Aug 2015 22:10:00 +0200 + <p>Today, finally, my first printed draft edition of the Norwegian +translation of Free Culture I have been working on for the last few +years arrived in the mail. I had to fake a cover to get the interior +printed, and the exterior of the book look awful, but that is +irrelevant at this point. I asked for a printed pocket book version +to get an idea about the font sizes and paper format as well as how +good the figures and images look in print, but also to test what the +pocket book version would look like. After receiving the 500 page +pocket book, it became obvious to me that that pocket book size is too +small for this book. I believe the book is too thick, and several +tables and figures do not look good in the size they get with that +small page sizes. I believe I will go with the 5.5x8.5 inch size +instead. A surprise discovery from the paper version was how bad the +URLs look in print. They are very hard to read in the colophon page. +The URLs are red in the PDF, but light gray on paper. I need to +change the color of links somehow to look better. But there is a +printed book in my hand, and it feels great. :)</p> + +<p>Now I only need to fix the cover, wrap up the postscript with the +store behind the book, and collect the last corrections from the proof +readers before the book is ready for proper printing. Cover artists +willing to work for free and create a Creative Commons licensed vector +file looking similar to the original is most welcome, as my skills as +a graphics designer are mostly missing.</p> - listadmin, the quick way to moderate mailman lists - nice free software - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/listadmin__the_quick_way_to_moderate_mailman_lists___nice_free_software.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/listadmin__the_quick_way_to_moderate_mailman_lists___nice_free_software.html - Wed, 22 Oct 2014 20:00:00 +0200 - <p>If you ever had to moderate a mailman list, like the ones on -alioth.debian.org, you know the web interface is fairly slow to -operate. First you visit one web page, enter the moderation password -and get a new page shown with a list of all the messages to moderate -and various options for each email address. This take a while for -every list you moderate, and you need to do it regularly to do a good -job as a list moderator. But there is a quick alternative, -<a href="http://heim.ifi.uio.no/kjetilho/hacks/#listadmin">the -listadmin program</a>. It allow you to check lists for new messages -to moderate in a fraction of a second. Here is a test run on two -lists I recently took over:</p> - -<p><blockquote><pre> -% time listadmin xiph -fetching data for pkg-xiph-commits@lists.alioth.debian.org ... nothing in queue -fetching data for pkg-xiph-maint@lists.alioth.debian.org ... nothing in queue - -real 0m1.709s -user 0m0.232s -sys 0m0.012s -% -</pre></blockquote></p> - -<p>In 1.7 seconds I had checked two mailing lists and confirmed that -there are no message in the moderation queue. Every morning I -currently moderate 68 mailman lists, and it normally take around two -minutes. When I took over the two pkg-xiph lists above a few days -ago, there were 400 emails waiting in the moderator queue. It took me -less than 15 minutes to process them all using the listadmin -program.</p> - -<p>If you install -<a href="https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/listadmin">the listadmin -package</a> from Debian and create a file <tt>~/.listadmin.ini</tt> -with content like this, the moderation task is a breeze:</p> - -<p><blockquote><pre> -username@example.org -spamlevel 23 -default discard -discard_if_reason "Posting restricted to members only. Remove us from your mail list." - -password secret -adminurl https://{domain}/mailman/admindb/{list} -mailman-list@lists.example.com - -password hidden -other-list@otherserver.example.org -</pre></blockquote></p> - -<p>There are other options to set as well. Check the manual page to -learn the details.</p> - -<p>If you are forced to moderate lists on a mailman installation where -the SSL certificate is self signed or not properly signed by a -generally accepted signing authority, you can set a environment -variable when calling listadmin to disable SSL verification:</p> - -<p><blockquote><pre> -PERL_LWP_SSL_VERIFY_HOSTNAME=0 listadmin -</pre></blockquote></p> - -<p>If you want to moderate a subset of the lists you take care of, you -can provide an argument to the listadmin script like I do in the -initial screen dump (the xiph argument). Using an argument, only -lists matching the argument string will be processed. This make it -quick to accept messages if you notice the moderation request in your -email.</p> - -<p>Without the listadmin program, I would never be the moderator of 68 -mailing lists, as I simply do not have time to spend on that if the -process was any slower. The listadmin program have saved me hours of -time I could spend elsewhere over the years. It truly is nice free -software.</p> - -<p>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my -activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address -<b><a href="bitcoin:15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b&label=PetterReinholdtsenBlog">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b</a></b>.</p> + First paper version of the Norwegian Free Culture book heading my way + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_paper_version_of_the_Norwegian_Free_Culture_book_heading_my_way.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_paper_version_of_the_Norwegian_Free_Culture_book_heading_my_way.html + Sun, 9 Aug 2015 10:15:00 +0200 + <p>Typesetting a book is harder than I hoped. As the translation is +mostly done, and a volunteer proof reader was going to check the text +on paper, it was time this summer to focus on formatting my translated +<a href="http://www.docbook.org/">docbook</a> based version of the +<a href="http://free-culture.cc/">Free Culture</a> book by Lawrence +Lessig. I've been trying to get both docboox-xsl+fop and dblatex to +give me a good looking PDF, but in the end I went with dblatex, because +its Debian maintainer and upstream developer were responsive and very +helpful in solving my formatting challenges.</p> + +<p>Last night, I finally managed to create a PDF that no longer made +<a href="http://www.lulu.com/">Lulu.com</a> complain after uploading, +and I ordered a text version of the book on paper. It is lacking a +proper book cover and is not tagged with the correct ISBN number, but +should give me an idea what the finished book will look like.</p> + +<p>Instead of using Lulu, I did consider printing the book using +<a href="http://www.createspace.com/">CreateSpace</a>, but ended up +using Lulu because it had smaller book size options (CreateSpace seem +to lack pocket book with extended distribution). I looked for a +similar service in Norway, but have not seen anything so far. Please +let me know if I am missing out on something here.</p> + +<p>But I still struggle to decide the book size. Should I go for +pocket book (4.25x6.875 inches / 10.8x17.5 cm) with 556 pages, Digest +(5.5x8.5 inches / 14x21.6 cm) with 323 pages or US Trade (6x8 inches / +15.3x22.9 cm) with 280 pages? Fewer pager give a cheaper book, and a +smaller book is easier to carry around. The test book I ordered was +pocket book sized, to give me an idea how well that fit in my hand, +but I suspect I will end up using a digest sized book in the end to +bring the prize down further.</p> + +<p>My biggest challenge at the moment is making nice cover art. My +inkscape skills are not yet up to the task of replicating the original +cover in SVG format. I also need to figure out what to write about +the book on the back (will most likely use the same text as the +description on web based book stores). I would love help with this, +if you are willing to license the art source and final version using +the same CC license as the book. My artistic skills are not really up +to the task.</p> + +<p>I plan to publish the book in both English and Norwegian and on +paper, in PDF form as well as EPUB and MOBI format. The current +status can as usual be found on +<a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig">github</a> +in the archive/ directory. So far I have spent all time on making the +PDF version look good. Someone should probably do the same with the +dbtoepub generated e-book. Help is definitely needed here, as I +expect to run out of steem before I find time to improve the epub +formatting.</p> + +<p>Please let me know via github if you find typos in the book or +discover translations that should be improved. The final proof +reading is being done right now, and I expect to publish the finished +result in a few months.</p> - Debian Jessie, PXE and automatic firmware installation - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Jessie__PXE_and_automatic_firmware_installation.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Jessie__PXE_and_automatic_firmware_installation.html - Fri, 17 Oct 2014 14:10:00 +0200 - <p>When PXE installing laptops with Debian, I often run into the -problem that the WiFi card require some firmware to work properly. -And it has been a pain to fix this using preseeding in Debian. -Normally something more is needed. But thanks to -<a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/i/isenkram.html">my isenkram -package</a> and its recent tasksel extension, it has now become easy -to do this using simple preseeding.</p> - -<p>The isenkram-cli package provide tasksel tasks which will install -firmware for the hardware found in the machine (actually, requested by -the kernel modules for the hardware). (It can also install user space -programs supporting the hardware detected, but that is not the focus -of this story.)</p> - -<p>To get this working in the default installation, two preeseding -values are needed. First, the isenkram-cli package must be installed -into the target chroot (aka the hard drive) before tasksel is executed -in the pkgsel step of the debian-installer system. This is done by -preseeding the base-installer/includes debconf value to include the -isenkram-cli package. The package name is next passed to debootstrap -for installation. With the isenkram-cli package in place, tasksel -will automatically use the isenkram tasks to detect hardware specific -packages for the machine being installed and install them, because -isenkram-cli contain tasksel tasks.</p> - -<p>Second, one need to enable the non-free APT repository, because -most firmware unfortunately is non-free. This is done by preseeding -the apt-mirror-setup step. This is unfortunate, but for a lot of -hardware it is the only option in Debian.</p> - -<p>The end result is two lines needed in your preseeding file to get -firmware installed automatically by the installer:</p> - -<p><blockquote><pre> -base-installer base-installer/includes string isenkram-cli -apt-mirror-setup apt-setup/non-free boolean true -</pre></blockquote></p> - -<p>The current version of isenkram-cli in testing/jessie will install -both firmware and user space packages when using this method. It also -do not work well, so use version 0.15 or later. Installing both -firmware and user space packages might give you a bit more than you -want, so I decided to split the tasksel task in two, one for firmware -and one for user space programs. The firmware task is enabled by -default, while the one for user space programs is not. This split is -implemented in the package currently in unstable.</p> - -<p>If you decide to give this a go, please let me know (via email) how -this recipe work for you. :)</p> - -<p>So, I bet you are wondering, how can this work. First and -foremost, it work because tasksel is modular, and driven by whatever -files it find in /usr/lib/tasksel/ and /usr/share/tasksel/. So the -isenkram-cli package place two files for tasksel to find. First there -is the task description file (/usr/share/tasksel/descs/isenkram.desc):</p> - -<p><blockquote><pre> -Task: isenkram-packages -Section: hardware -Description: Hardware specific packages (autodetected by isenkram) - Based on the detected hardware various hardware specific packages are - proposed. -Test-new-install: show show -Relevance: 8 -Packages: for-current-hardware - -Task: isenkram-firmware -Section: hardware -Description: Hardware specific firmware packages (autodetected by isenkram) - Based on the detected hardware various hardware specific firmware - packages are proposed. -Test-new-install: mark show -Relevance: 8 -Packages: for-current-hardware-firmware -</pre></blockquote></p> - -<p>The key parts are Test-new-install which indicate how the task -should be handled and the Packages line referencing to a script in -/usr/lib/tasksel/packages/. The scripts use other scripts to get a -list of packages to install. The for-current-hardware-firmware script -look like this to list relevant firmware for the machine: - -<p><blockquote><pre> -#!/bin/sh -# -PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH -export PATH -isenkram-autoinstall-firmware -l -</pre></blockquote></p> - -<p>With those two pieces in place, the firmware is installed by -tasksel during the normal d-i run. :)</p> - -<p>If you want to test what tasksel will install when isenkram-cli is -installed, run <tt>DEBIAN_PRIORITY=critical tasksel --test ---new-install</tt> to get the list of packages that tasksel would -install.</p> - -<p><a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/">Debian Edu</a> will be -pilots in testing this feature, as isenkram is used there now to -install firmware, replacing the earlier scripts.</p> + Typesetting DocBook footnotes as endnotes with dblatex + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Typesetting_DocBook_footnotes_as_endnotes_with_dblatex.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Typesetting_DocBook_footnotes_as_endnotes_with_dblatex.html + Thu, 16 Jul 2015 18:10:00 +0200 + <p>I'm still working on the Norwegian version of the +<a href="http://free-culture.cc/">Free Culture book by Lawrence +Lessig</a>, and is now working on the final typesetting and layout. +One of the features I want to get the structure similar to the +original book is to typeset the footnotes as endnotes in the notes +chapter. Based on the +<a href="https://bugs.debian.org/685063">feedback from the Debian +maintainer and the dblatex developer</a>, I came up with this recipe I +would like to share with you. The proposal was to create a new LaTeX +class file and add the LaTeX code there, but this is not always +practical, when I want to be able to replace the class using a make +file variable. So my proposal misuses the latex.begindocument XSL +parameter value, to get a small fragment into the correct location in +the generated LaTeX File.</p> + +<p>First, decide where in the DocBook document to place the endnotes, +and add this text there:</p> + +<pre> +&lt;?latex \theendnotes ?&gt; +</pre> + +<p>Next, create a xsl stylesheet file dblatex-endnotes.xsl to add the +code needed to add the endnote instructions in the preamble of the +generated LaTeX document, with content like this:</p> + +<pre> +&lt;?xml version='1.0'?&gt; +&lt;xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" version='1.0'&gt; + &lt;xsl:param name="latex.begindocument"&gt; + &lt;xsl:text&gt; +\usepackage{endnotes} +\let\footnote=\endnote +\def\enoteheading{\mbox{}\par\vskip-\baselineskip } +\begin{document} + &lt;/xsl:text&gt; + &lt;/xsl:param&gt; +&lt;/xsl:stylesheet&gt; +</pre> + +<p>Finally, load this xsl file when running dblatex, for example like +this:</p> + +<pre> +dblatex --xsl-user=dblatex-endnotes.xsl freeculture.nb.xml +</pre> + +<p>The end result can be seen on github, where +<a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig">my +book project</a> is located.</p> - Ubuntu used to show the bread prizes at ICA Storo - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ubuntu_used_to_show_the_bread_prizes_at_ICA_Storo.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ubuntu_used_to_show_the_bread_prizes_at_ICA_Storo.html - Sat, 4 Oct 2014 15:20:00 +0200 - <p>Today I came across an unexpected Ubuntu boot screen. Above the -bread shelf on the ICA shop at Storo in Oslo, the grub menu of Ubuntu -with Linux kernel 3.2.0-23 (ie probably version 12.04 LTS) was stuck -on a screen normally showing the bread types and prizes:</p> - -<p align="center"><img width="70%" src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2014-10-04-ubuntu-ica-storo-crop.jpeg"></p> - -<p>If it had booted as it was supposed to, I would never had known -about this hidden Linux installation. It is interesting what -<a href="http://revealingerrors.com/">errors can reveal</a>.</p> + Mimes brønn, norsk utgave av Alaveteli / WhatDoTheyKnow, endelig lansert + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Mimes_br_nn__norsk_utgave_av_Alaveteli___WhatDoTheyKnow__endelig_lansert.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Mimes_br_nn__norsk_utgave_av_Alaveteli___WhatDoTheyKnow__endelig_lansert.html + Thu, 9 Jul 2015 11:40:00 +0200 + <p>I går fikk vi endelig lansert en norsk version av mySocietys +<a href="https://www.whatdotheyknow.com/">WhatDoTheyKnow</a>. +Tjenesten heter Mimes brønn, og ble +<a href="http://www.nuug.no/news/NUUG_lanserer_innsynstjenesten_Mimes_Br_nn.shtml">annonsert +av NUUG</a> via blogg, epost og twitter til NUUG-assosierte personer. +Det har tatt noen år, men de siste dagene fikk vi endelig tid til å få +på plass de siste bitene. Vi er to, Gorm og meg selv, som har vært +primus motor for det hele, men vi har fått hjelp med oversettelser og +oppsett fra mange flere. Jeg vil si tusen takk til hver og en av dem, +og er veldig fornøyd med at vi klarte å få tjenesten opp å kjøre før +ferietiden slo inn for fullt.</p> + +<p>Vi er usikker på hvor mye belastning den virtuelle maskinen der +tjenesten kjører klarer, så vi har lansert litt i det stille og ikke +til for mange folk for å se hvordan maskinen klarer seg over sommeren, +før vi går mer aktivt ut og annonserer til høsten. Ta en titt, og se +om du kanskje har et spørsmål til det offentlige som er egnet å sende +inn via Mimes brønn.</p> + +<p>Hvis du lurer på hva i alle dager en slik tjenestes kan brukes til, +anbefaler jeg deg å se +<a href="http://beta.frikanalen.no/video/625321">TED-foredraget til +Heather Brook</a> om hvordan hun brukte WhatDoTheyKnow til å lære +hvordan offentlige midler ble misbrukt. Det er en inspirerende +historie.</p> - New lsdvd release version 0.17 is ready - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/New_lsdvd_release_version_0_17_is_ready.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/New_lsdvd_release_version_0_17_is_ready.html - Sat, 4 Oct 2014 08:40:00 +0200 - <p>The <a href="https://sourceforge.net/p/lsdvd/">lsdvd project</a> -got a new set of developers a few weeks ago, after the original -developer decided to step down and pass the project to fresh blood. -This project is now maintained by Petter Reinholdtsen and Steve -Dibb.</p> - -<p>I just wrapped up -<a href="https://sourceforge.net/p/lsdvd/mailman/message/32896061/">a -new lsdvd release</a>, available in git or from -<a href="https://sourceforge.net/projects/lsdvd/files/lsdvd/">the -download page</a>. This is the changelog dated 2014-10-03 for version -0.17.</p> + MPEG LA on "Internet Broadcast AVC Video" licensing and non-private use + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/MPEG_LA_on__Internet_Broadcast_AVC_Video__licensing_and_non_private_use.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/MPEG_LA_on__Internet_Broadcast_AVC_Video__licensing_and_non_private_use.html + Tue, 7 Jul 2015 09:50:00 +0200 + <p>After asking the Norwegian Broadcasting Company (NRK) +<a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hva_gj_r_at_NRK_kan_distribuere_H_264_video_uten_patentavtale_med_MPEG_LA_.html">why +they can broadcast and stream H.264 video without an agreement with +the MPEG LA</a>, I was wiser, but still confused. So I asked MPEG LA +if their understanding matched that of NRK. As far as I can tell, it +does not.</p> + +<p>I started by asking for more information about the various +licensing classes and what exactly is covered by the "Internet +Broadcast AVC Video" class that NRK pointed me at to explain why NRK +did not need a license for streaming H.264 video: + +<p><blockquote> + +<p>According to +<a href="http://www.mpegla.com/Lists/MPEG%20LA%20News%20List/Attachments/226/n-10-02-02.pdf">a +MPEG LA press release dated 2010-02-02</a>, there is no charge when +using MPEG AVC/H.264 according to the terms of "Internet Broadcast AVC +Video". I am trying to understand exactly what the terms of "Internet +Broadcast AVC Video" is, and wondered if you could help me. What +exactly is covered by these terms, and what is not?</p> + +<p>The only source of more information I have been able to find is a +PDF named +<a href="http://www.mpegla.com/main/programs/avc/Documents/avcweb.pdf">AVC +Patent Portfolio License Briefing</a>, which states this about the +fees:</p> <ul> - - <li>Ignore 'phantom' audio, subtitle tracks</li> - <li>Check for garbage in the program chains, which indicate that a track is - non-existant, to work around additional copy protection</li> - <li>Fix displaying content type for audio tracks, subtitles</li> - <li>Fix pallete display of first entry</li> - <li>Fix include orders</li> - <li>Ignore read errors in titles that would not be displayed anyway</li> - <li>Fix the chapter count</li> - <li>Make sure the array size and the array limit used when initialising - the palette size is the same.</li> - <li>Fix array printing.</li> - <li>Correct subsecond calculations.</li> - <li>Add sector information to the output format.</li> - <li>Clean up code to be closer to ANSI C and compile without warnings - with more GCC compiler warnings.</li> - + <li>Where End User pays for AVC Video + <ul> + <li>Subscription (not limited by title) – 100,000 or fewer + subscribers/yr = no royalty; &gt; 100,000 to 250,000 subscribers/yr = + $25,000; &gt;250,000 to 500,000 subscribers/yr = $50,000; &gt;500,000 to + 1M subscribers/yr = $75,000; &gt;1M subscribers/yr = $100,000</li> + + <li>Title-by-Title - 12 minutes or less = no royalty; &gt;12 minutes in + length = lower of (a) 2% or (b) $0.02 per title</li> + </ul></li> + + <li>Where remuneration is from other sources + <ul> + <li>Free Television - (a) one-time $2,500 per transmission encoder or + (b) annual fee starting at $2,500 for &gt; 100,000 HH rising to + maximum $10,000 for &gt;1,000,000 HH</li> + + <li>Internet Broadcast AVC Video (not title-by-title, not subscription) + – no royalty for life of the AVC Patent Portfolio License</li> + </ul></li> </ul> -<p>This change bring together patches for lsdvd in use in various -Linux and Unix distributions, as well as patches submitted to the -project the last nine years. Please check it out. :)</p> +<p>Am I correct in assuming that the four categories listed is the +categories used when selecting licensing terms, and that "Internet +Broadcast AVC Video" is the category for things that do not fall into +one of the other three categories? Can you point me to a good source +explaining what is ment by "title-by-title" and "Free Television" in +the license terms for AVC/H.264?</p> + +<p>Will a web service providing H.264 encoded video content in a +"video on demand" fashing similar to Youtube and Vimeo, where no +subscription is required and no payment is required from end users to +get access to the videos, fall under the terms of the "Internet +Broadcast AVC Video", ie no royalty for life of the AVC Patent +Portfolio license? Does it matter if some users are subscribed to get +access to personalized services?</p> + +<p>Note, this request and all answers will be published on the +Internet.</p> +</blockquote></p> + +<p>The answer came quickly from Benjamin J. Myers, Licensing Associate +with the MPEG LA:</p> + +<p><blockquote> +<p>Thank you for your message and for your interest in MPEG LA. We +appreciate hearing from you and I will be happy to assist you.</p> + +<p>As you are aware, MPEG LA offers our AVC Patent Portfolio License +which provides coverage under patents that are essential for use of +the AVC/H.264 Standard (MPEG-4 Part 10). Specifically, coverage is +provided for end products and video content that make use of AVC/H.264 +technology. Accordingly, the party offering such end products and +video to End Users concludes the AVC License and is responsible for +paying the applicable royalties.</p> + +<p>Regarding Internet Broadcast AVC Video, the AVC License generally +defines such content to be video that is distributed to End Users over +the Internet free-of-charge. Therefore, if a party offers a service +which allows users to upload AVC/H.264 video to its website, and such +AVC Video is delivered to End Users for free, then such video would +receive coverage under the sublicense for Internet Broadcast AVC +Video, which is not subject to any royalties for the life of the AVC +License. This would also apply in the scenario where a user creates a +free online account in order to receive a customized offering of free +AVC Video content. In other words, as long as the End User is given +access to or views AVC Video content at no cost to the End User, then +no royalties would be payable under our AVC License.</p> + +<p>On the other hand, if End Users pay for access to AVC Video for a +specific period of time (e.g., one month, one year, etc.), then such +video would constitute Subscription AVC Video. In cases where AVC +Video is delivered to End Users on a pay-per-view basis, then such +content would constitute Title-by-Title AVC Video. If a party offers +Subscription or Title-by-Title AVC Video to End Users, then they would +be responsible for paying the applicable royalties you noted below.</p> + +<p>Finally, in the case where AVC Video is distributed for free +through an "over-the-air, satellite and/or cable transmission", then +such content would constitute Free Television AVC Video and would be +subject to the applicable royalties.</p> + +<p>For your reference, I have attached +<a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2015-07-07-mpegla.pdf">a +.pdf copy of the AVC License</a>. You will find the relevant +sublicense information regarding AVC Video in Sections 2.2 through +2.5, and the corresponding royalties in Section 3.1.2 through 3.1.4. +You will also find the definitions of Title-by-Title AVC Video, +Subscription AVC Video, Free Television AVC Video, and Internet +Broadcast AVC Video in Section 1 of the License. Please note that the +electronic copy is provided for informational purposes only and cannot +be used for execution.</p> + +<p>I hope the above information is helpful. If you have additional +questions or need further assistance with the AVC License, please feel +free to contact me directly.</p> +</blockquote></p> + +<p>Having a fresh copy of the license text was useful, and knowing +that the definition of Title-by-Title required payment per title made +me aware that my earlier understanding of that phrase had been wrong. +But I still had a few questions:</p> + +<p><blockquote> +<p>I have a small followup question. Would it be possible for me to get +a license with MPEG LA even if there are no royalties to be paid? The +reason I ask, is that some video related products have a copyright +clause limiting their use without a license with MPEG LA. The clauses +typically look similar to this: + +<p><blockquote> + This product is licensed under the AVC patent portfolio license for + the personal and non-commercial use of a consumer to (a) encode + video in compliance with the AVC standard ("AVC video") and/or (b) + decode AVC video that was encoded by a consumer engaged in a + personal and non-commercial activity and/or AVC video that was + obtained from a video provider licensed to provide AVC video. No + license is granted or shall be implied for any other use. additional + information may be obtained from MPEG LA L.L.C. +</blockquote></p> + +<p>It is unclear to me if this clause mean that I need to enter into +an agreement with MPEG LA to use the product in question, even if +there are no royalties to be paid to MPEG LA. I suspect it will +differ depending on the jurisdiction, and mine is Norway. What is +MPEG LAs view on this?</p> +</blockquote></p> + +<p>According to the answer, MPEG LA believe those using such tools for +non-personal or commercial use need a license with them:</p> + +<p><blockquote> + +<p>With regard to the Notice to Customers, I would like to begin by +clarifying that the Notice from Section 7.1 of the AVC License +reads:</p> + +<p>THIS PRODUCT IS LICENSED UNDER THE AVC PATENT PORTFOLIO LICENSE FOR +THE PERSONAL USE OF A CONSUMER OR OTHER USES IN WHICH IT DOES NOT +RECEIVE REMUNERATION TO (i) ENCODE VIDEO IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE AVC +STANDARD ("AVC VIDEO") AND/OR (ii) DECODE AVC VIDEO THAT WAS ENCODED +BY A CONSUMER ENGAGED IN A PERSONAL ACTIVITY AND/OR WAS OBTAINED FROM +A VIDEO PROVIDER LICENSED TO PROVIDE AVC VIDEO. NO LICENSE IS GRANTED +OR SHALL BE IMPLIED FOR ANY OTHER USE. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION MAY BE +OBTAINED FROM MPEG LA, L.L.C. SEE HTTP://WWW.MPEGLA.COM</p> + +<p>The Notice to Customers is intended to inform End Users of the +personal usage rights (for example, to watch video content) included +with the product they purchased, and to encourage any party using the +product for commercial purposes to contact MPEG LA in order to become +licensed for such use (for example, when they use an AVC Product to +deliver Title-by-Title, Subscription, Free Television or Internet +Broadcast AVC Video to End Users, or to re-Sell a third party's AVC +Product as their own branded AVC Product).</p> + +<p>Therefore, if a party is to be licensed for its use of an AVC +Product to Sell AVC Video on a Title-by-Title, Subscription, Free +Television or Internet Broadcast basis, that party would need to +conclude the AVC License, even in the case where no royalties were +payable under the License. On the other hand, if that party (either a +Consumer or business customer) simply uses an AVC Product for their +own internal purposes and not for the commercial purposes referenced +above, then such use would be included in the royalty paid for the AVC +Products by the licensed supplier.</p> + +<p>Finally, I note that our AVC License provides worldwide coverage in +countries that have AVC Patent Portfolio Patents, including +Norway.</p> + +<p>I hope this clarification is helpful. If I may be of any further +assistance, just let me know.</p> +</blockquote></p> + +<p>The mentioning of Norwegian patents made me a bit confused, so I +asked for more information:</p> + +<p><blockquote> + +<p>But one minor question at the end. If I understand you correctly, +you state in the quote above that there are patents in the AVC Patent +Portfolio that are valid in Norway. This make me believe I read the +list available from &lt;URL: +<a href="http://www.mpegla.com/main/programs/AVC/Pages/PatentList.aspx">http://www.mpegla.com/main/programs/AVC/Pages/PatentList.aspx</a> +&gt; incorrectly, as I believed the "NO" prefix in front of patents +were Norwegian patents, and the only one I could find under Mitsubishi +Electric Corporation expired in 2012. Which patents are you referring +to that are relevant for Norway?</p> + +</blockquote></p> + +<p>Again, the quick answer explained how to read the list of patents +in that list:</p> + +<p><blockquote> + +<p>Your understanding is correct that the last AVC Patent Portfolio +Patent in Norway expired on 21 October 2012. Therefore, where AVC +Video is both made and Sold in Norway after that date, then no +royalties would be payable for such AVC Video under the AVC License. +With that said, our AVC License provides historic coverage for AVC +Products and AVC Video that may have been manufactured or Sold before +the last Norwegian AVC patent expired. I would also like to clarify +that coverage is provided for the country of manufacture and the +country of Sale that has active AVC Patent Portfolio Patents.</p> + +<p>Therefore, if a party offers AVC Products or AVC Video for Sale in +a country with active AVC Patent Portfolio Patents (for example, +Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc.), then that party would still need +coverage under the AVC License even if such products or video are +initially made in a country without active AVC Patent Portfolio +Patents (for example, Norway). Similarly, a party would need to +conclude the AVC License if they make AVC Products or AVC Video in a +country with active AVC Patent Portfolio Patents, but eventually Sell +such AVC Products or AVC Video in a country without active AVC Patent +Portfolio Patents.</p> +</blockquote></p> + +<p>As far as I understand it, MPEG LA believe anyone using Adobe +Premiere and other video related software with a H.264 distribution +license need a license agreement with MPEG LA to use such tools for +anything non-private or commercial, while it is OK to set up a +Youtube-like service as long as no-one pays to get access to the +content. I still have no clear idea how this applies to Norway, where +none of the patents MPEG LA is licensing are valid. Will the +copyright terms take precedence or can those terms be ignored because +the patents are not valid in Norway?</p> - How to test Debian Edu Jessie despite some fatal problems with the installer - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_test_Debian_Edu_Jessie_despite_some_fatal_problems_with_the_installer.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_test_Debian_Edu_Jessie_despite_some_fatal_problems_with_the_installer.html - Fri, 26 Sep 2014 12:20:00 +0200 - <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux -project</a> provide a Linux solution for schools, including a -powerful desktop with education software, a central server providing -web pages, user database, user home directories, central login and PXE -boot of both clients without disk and the installation to install Debian -Edu on machines with disk (and a few other services perhaps to small -to mention here). We in the Debian Edu team are currently working on -the Jessie based version, trying to get everything in shape before the -freeze, to avoid having to maintain our own package repository in the -future. The -<a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie">current -status</a> can be seen on the Debian wiki, and there is still heaps of -work left. Some fatal problems block testing, breaking the installer, -but it is possible to work around these to get anyway. Here is a -recipe on how to get the installation limping along.</p> - -<p>First, download the test ISO via -<a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.no/cd-edu-testing-nolocal-netinst/debian-edu-amd64-i386-NETINST-1.iso">ftp</a>, -<a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.no/cd-edu-testing-nolocal-netinst/debian-edu-amd64-i386-NETINST-1.iso">http</a> -or rsync (use -ftp.skolelinux.org::cd-edu-testing-nolocal-netinst/debian-edu-amd64-i386-NETINST-1.iso). -The ISO build was broken on Tuesday, so we do not get a new ISO every -12 hours or so, but thankfully the ISO we already got we are able to -install with some tweaking.</p> - -<p>When you get to the Debian Edu profile question, go to tty2 -(use Alt-Ctrl-F2), run</p> - -<p><blockquote><pre> -nano /usr/bin/edu-eatmydata-install -</pre></blockquote></p> - -<p>and add 'exit 0' as the second line, disabling the eatmydata -optimization. Return to the installation, select the profile you want -and continue. Without this change, exim4-config will fail to install -due to a known bug in eatmydata.</p> - -<p>When you get the grub question at the end, answer /dev/sda (or if -this do not work, figure out what your correct value would be. All my -test machines need /dev/sda, so I have no advice if it do not fit -your need.</p> - -<p>If you installed a profile including a graphical desktop, log in as -root after the initial boot from hard drive, and install the -education-desktop-XXX metapackage. XXX can be kde, gnome, lxde, xfce -or mate. If you want several desktop options, install more than one -metapackage. Once this is done, reboot and you should have a working -graphical login screen. This workaround should no longer be needed -once the education-tasks package version 1.801 enter testing in two -days.</p> - -<p>I believe the ISO build will start working on two days when the new -tasksel package enter testing and Steve McIntyre get a chance to -update the debian-cd git repository. The eatmydata, grub and desktop -issues are already fixed in unstable and testing, and should show up -on the ISO as soon as the ISO build start working again. Well the -eatmydata optimization is really just disabled. The proper fix -require an upload by the eatmydata maintainer applying the patch -provided in bug <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/702711">#702711</a>. -The rest have proper fixes in unstable.</p> - -<p>I hope this get you going with the installation testing, as we are -quickly running out of time trying to get our Jessie based -installation ready before the distribution freeze in a month.</p> + New laptop - some more clues and ideas based on feedback + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/New_laptop___some_more_clues_and_ideas_based_on_feedback.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/New_laptop___some_more_clues_and_ideas_based_on_feedback.html + Sun, 5 Jul 2015 21:40:00 +0200 + <p>Several people contacted me after my previous blog post about my +need for a new laptop, and provided very useful feedback. I wish to +thank every one of these. Several pointed me to the possibility of +fixing my X230, and I am already in the process of getting Lenovo to +do so thanks to the on site, next day support contract covering the +machine. But the battery is almost useless (I expect to replace it +with a non-official battery) and I do not expect the machine to live +for many more years, so it is time to plan its replacement. If I did +not have a support contract, it was suggested to find replacement parts +using <a href="http://www.francecrans.com/">FrancEcrans</a>, but it +might present a language barrier as I do not understand French.</p> + +<p>One tip I got was to use the +<a href="https://skinflint.co.uk/?cat=nb">Skinflint</a> web service to +compare laptop models. It seem to have more models available than +prisjakt.no. Another tip I got from someone I know have similar +keyboard preferences was that the HP EliteBook 840 keyboard is not +very good, and this matches my experience with earlier EliteBook +keyboards I tested. Because of this, I will not consider it any further. + +<p>When I wrote my blog post, I was not aware of Thinkpad X250, the +newest Thinkpad X model. The keyboard reintroduces mouse buttons +(which is missing from the X240), and is working fairly well with +Debian Sid/Unstable according to +<a href="http://www.corsac.net/X250/">Corsac.net</a>. The reports I +got on the keyboard quality are not consistent. Some say the keyboard +is good, others say it is ok, while others say it is not very good. +Those with experience from X41 and and X60 agree that the X250 +keyboard is not as good as those trusty old laptops, and suggest I +keep and fix my X230 instead of upgrading, or get a used X230 to +replace it. I'm also told that the X250 lack leds for caps lock, disk +activity and battery status, which is very convenient on my X230. I'm +also told that the CPU fan is running very often, making it a bit +noisy. In any case, the X250 do not work out of the box with Debian +Stable/Jessie, one of my requirements.</p> + +<p>I have also gotten a few vendor proposals, one was +<a href="http://pro-star.com">Pro-Star</a>, another was +<a href="http://shop.gluglug.org.uk/product/libreboot-x200/">Libreboot</a>. +The latter look very attractive to me.</p> + +<p>Again, thank you all for the very useful feedback. It help a lot +as I keep looking for a replacement.</p> + +<p>Update 2015-07-06: I was recommended to check out the +<a href="">lapstore.de</a> web shop for used laptops. They got several +different +<a href="http://www.lapstore.de/f.php/shop/lapstore/f/411/lang/x/kw/Lenovo_ThinkPad_X_Serie/">old +thinkpad X models</a>, and provide one year warranty.</p> - Suddenly I am the new upstream of the lsdvd command line tool - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Suddenly_I_am_the_new_upstream_of_the_lsdvd_command_line_tool.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Suddenly_I_am_the_new_upstream_of_the_lsdvd_command_line_tool.html - Thu, 25 Sep 2014 11:20:00 +0200 - <p>I use the <a href="https://sourceforge.net/p/lsdvd/">lsdvd tool</a> -to handle my fairly large DVD collection. It is a nice command line -tool to get details about a DVD, like title, tracks, track length, -etc, in XML, Perl or human readable format. But lsdvd have not seen -any new development since 2006 and had a few irritating bugs affecting -its use with some DVDs. Upstream seemed to be dead, and in January I -sent a small probe asking for a version control repository for the -project, without any reply. But I use it regularly and would like to -get <a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/lsdvd">an updated version -into Debian</a>. So two weeks ago I tried harder to get in touch with -the project admin, and after getting a reply from him explaining that -he was no longer interested in the project, I asked if I could take -over. And yesterday, I became project admin.</p> - -<p>I've been in touch with a Gentoo developer and the Debian -maintainer interested in joining forces to maintain the upstream -project, and I hope we can get a new release out fairly quickly, -collecting the patches spread around on the internet into on place. -I've added the relevant Debian patches to the freshly created git -repository, and expect the Gentoo patches to make it too. If you got -a DVD collection and care about command line tools, check out -<a href="https://sourceforge.net/p/lsdvd/git/ci/master/tree/">the git source</a> and join -<a href="https://sourceforge.net/p/lsdvd/mailman/">the project mailing -list</a>. :)</p> + Time to find a new laptop, as the old one is broken after only two years + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_to_find_a_new_laptop__as_the_old_one_is_broken_after_only_two_years.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_to_find_a_new_laptop__as_the_old_one_is_broken_after_only_two_years.html + Fri, 3 Jul 2015 07:10:00 +0200 + <p>My primary work horse laptop is failing, and will need a +replacement soon. The left 5 cm of the screen on my Thinkpad X230 +started flickering yesterday, and I suspect the cause is a broken +cable, as changing the angle of the screen some times get rid of the +flickering.</p> + +<p>My requirements have not really changed since I bought it, and is +still as +<a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Thank_you_Thinkpad_X41__for_your_long_and_trustworthy_service.html">I +described them in 2013</a>. The last time I bought a laptop, I had +good help from +<a href="http://www.prisjakt.no/category.php?k=353">prisjakt.no</a> +where I could select at least a few of the requirements (mouse pin, +wifi, weight) and go through the rest manually. Three button mouse +and a good keyboard is not available as an option, and all the three +laptop models proposed today (Thinkpad X240, HP EliteBook 820 G1 and +G2) lack three mouse buttons). It is also unclear to me how good the +keyboard on the HP EliteBooks are. I hope Lenovo have not messed up +the keyboard, even if the quality and robustness in the X series have +deteriorated since X41.</p> + +<p>I wonder how I can find a sensible laptop when none of the options +seem sensible to me? Are there better services around to search the +set of available laptops for features? Please send me an email if you +have suggestions.</p> + +<p>Update 2015-07-23: I got a suggestion to check out the FSF +<a href="http://www.fsf.org/resources/hw/endorsement/respects-your-freedom">list +of endorsed hardware</a>, which is useful background information.</p> - Hva henger under skibrua over E16 på Sollihøgda? - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hva_henger_under_skibrua_over_E16_p__Sollih_gda_.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hva_henger_under_skibrua_over_E16_p__Sollih_gda_.html - Sun, 21 Sep 2014 09:50:00 +0200 - <p>Rundt omkring i Oslo og Østlandsområdet henger det bokser over -veiene som jeg har lurt på hva gjør. De har ut fra plassering og -vinkling sett ut som bokser som sniffer ut et eller annet fra -forbipasserende trafikk, men det har vært uklart for meg hva det er de -leser av. Her om dagen tok jeg bilde av en slik boks som henger under -<a href="http://www.openstreetmap.no/?zoom=19&mlat=59.96396&mlon=10.34443&layers=B00000">ei -skibru på Sollihøgda</a>:</p> - -<p align="center"><img width="60%" src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2014-09-13-kapsch-sollihogda-crop.jpeg"></p> - -<p>Boksen er tydelig merket «Kapsch >>>», logoen til -<a href="http://www.kapsch.net/">det sveitsiske selskapet Kapsch</a> som -blant annet lager sensorsystemer for veitrafikk. Men de lager mye -forskjellig, og jeg kjente ikke igjen boksen på utseendet etter en -kjapp titt på produktlista til selskapet.</p> - -<p>I og med at boksen henger over veien E16, en riksvei vedlikeholdt -av Statens Vegvesen, så antok jeg at det burde være mulig å bruke -REST-API-et som gir tilgang til vegvesenets database over veier, -skilter og annet veirelatert til å finne ut hva i alle dager dette -kunne være. De har både -<a href="https://www.vegvesen.no/nvdb/api/dokumentasjon/datakatalog">en -datakatalog</a> og -<a href="https://www.vegvesen.no/nvdb/api/dokumentasjon/sok">et -søk</a>, der en kan søke etter ulike typer oppføringer innen for et -gitt geografisk område. Jeg laget et enkelt shell-script for å hente -ut antall av en gitt type innenfor området skibrua dekker, og listet -opp navnet på typene som ble funnet. Orket ikke slå opp hvordan -URL-koding av aktuelle strenger kunne gjøres mer generisk, og brukte -en stygg sed-linje i stedet.</p> - -<blockquote><pre> -#!/bin/sh -urlmap() { - sed \ - -e 's/ / /g' -e 's/{/%7B/g' \ - -e 's/}/%7D/g' -e 's/\[/%5B/g' \ - -e 's/\]/%5D/g' -e 's/ /%20/g' \ - -e 's/,/%2C/g' -e 's/\"/%22/g' \ - -e 's/:/%3A/g' -} + MakerCon Nordic videos now available on Frikanalen + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/MakerCon_Nordic_videos_now_available_on_Frikanalen.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/MakerCon_Nordic_videos_now_available_on_Frikanalen.html + Thu, 2 Jul 2015 14:10:00 +0200 + <p>Last oktober I was involved on behalf of +<a href="http://www.nuug.no/">NUUG</a> with recording the talks at +<a href="http://www.makercon.no/">MakerCon Nordic</a>, a conference for +the Maker movement. Since then it has been the plan to publish the +recordings on <a href="http://www.frikanalen.no/">Frikanalen</a>, which +finally happened the last few days. A few talks are missing because +the speakers asked the organizers to not publish them, but most of the +talks are available. The talks are being broadcasted on RiksTV +channel 50 and using multicast on Uninett, as well as being available +from the Frikanalen web site. The unedited recordings are +<a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/MakerConNordic/">available on +Youtube too</a>.</p> + +<p>This is the list of talks available at the moment. Visit the +<a href="http://beta.frikanalen.no/video/?q=makercon">Frikanalen video +pages</a> to view them.</p> -lookup() { - url="$1" - curl -s -H 'Accept: application/vnd.vegvesen.nvdb-v1+xml' \ - "https://www.vegvesen.no/nvdb/api$url" | xmllint --format - -} +<ul> + + <li>Evolutionary algorithms as a design tool - from art + to robotics (Kyrre Glette)</li> + + <li>Make and break (Hans Gerhard Meier)</li> + + <li>Making a one year school course for young makers + (Olav Helland)</li> + + <li>Innovation Inspiration - IPR Databases as a Source of + Inspiration (Hege Langlo)</li> + + <li>Making a toy for makers (Erik Torstensson)</li> + + <li>How to make 3D printer electronics (Elias Bakken)</li> + + <li>Hovering Clouds: Looking at online tool offerings for Product + Design and 3D Printing (William Kempton)</li> + + <li>Travelling maker stories (Øyvind Nydal Dahl)</li> + + <li>Making the first Maker Faire in Sweden (Nils Olander)</li> + + <li>Breaking the mold: Printing 1000’s of parts (Espen Sivertsen)</li> + + <li>Ultimaker — and open source 3D printing (Erik de Bruijn)</li> + + <li>Autodesk’s 3D Printing Platform: Sparking innovation (Hilde + Sevens)</li> -for id in $(seq 1 874) ; do - search="{ - lokasjon: { - bbox: \"10.34425,59.96386,10.34458,59.96409\", - srid: \"WGS84\" - }, - objektTyper: [{ - id: $id, antall: 10 - }] -}" - - query=/sok?kriterie=$(echo $search | urlmap) - if lookup "$query" | - grep -q '&lt;totaltAntallReturnert>0&lt;' - then - : - else - echo $id - lookup "/datakatalog/objekttyper/$id" |grep '^ &lt;navn>' - fi -done - -exit 0 -</pre></blockquote> - -Aktuelt ID-område 1-874 var riktig i datakatalogen da jeg laget -scriptet. Det vil endre seg over tid. Skriptet listet så opp -aktuelle typer i og rundt skibrua: - -<blockquote><pre> -5 - &lt;navn>Rekkverk&lt;/navn> -14 - &lt;navn>Rekkverksende&lt;/navn> -47 - &lt;navn>Trafikklomme&lt;/navn> -49 - &lt;navn>Trafikkøy&lt;/navn> -60 - &lt;navn>Bru&lt;/navn> -79 - &lt;navn>Stikkrenne/Kulvert&lt;/navn> -80 - &lt;navn>Grøft, åpen&lt;/navn> -86 - &lt;navn>Belysningsstrekning&lt;/navn> -95 - &lt;navn>Skiltpunkt&lt;/navn> -96 - &lt;navn>Skiltplate&lt;/navn> -98 - &lt;navn>Referansestolpe&lt;/navn> -99 - &lt;navn>Vegoppmerking, langsgående&lt;/navn> -105 - &lt;navn>Fartsgrense&lt;/navn> -106 - &lt;navn>Vinterdriftsstrategi&lt;/navn> -172 - &lt;navn>Trafikkdeler&lt;/navn> -241 - &lt;navn>Vegdekke&lt;/navn> -293 - &lt;navn>Breddemåling&lt;/navn> -301 - &lt;navn>Kantklippareal&lt;/navn> -318 - &lt;navn>Snø-/isrydding&lt;/navn> -445 - &lt;navn>Skred&lt;/navn> -446 - &lt;navn>Dokumentasjon&lt;/navn> -452 - &lt;navn>Undergang&lt;/navn> -528 - &lt;navn>Tverrprofil&lt;/navn> -532 - &lt;navn>Vegreferanse&lt;/navn> -534 - &lt;navn>Region&lt;/navn> -535 - &lt;navn>Fylke&lt;/navn> -536 - &lt;navn>Kommune&lt;/navn> -538 - &lt;navn>Gate&lt;/navn> -539 - &lt;navn>Transportlenke&lt;/navn> -540 - &lt;navn>Trafikkmengde&lt;/navn> -570 - &lt;navn>Trafikkulykke&lt;/navn> -571 - &lt;navn>Ulykkesinvolvert enhet&lt;/navn> -572 - &lt;navn>Ulykkesinvolvert person&lt;/navn> -579 - &lt;navn>Politidistrikt&lt;/navn> -583 - &lt;navn>Vegbredde&lt;/navn> -591 - &lt;navn>Høydebegrensning&lt;/navn> -592 - &lt;navn>Nedbøyningsmåling&lt;/navn> -597 - &lt;navn>Støy-luft, Strekningsdata&lt;/navn> -601 - &lt;navn>Oppgravingsdata&lt;/navn> -602 - &lt;navn>Oppgravingslag&lt;/navn> -603 - &lt;navn>PMS-parsell&lt;/navn> -604 - &lt;navn>Vegnormalstrekning&lt;/navn> -605 - &lt;navn>Værrelatert strekning&lt;/navn> -616 - &lt;navn>Feltstrekning&lt;/navn> -617 - &lt;navn>Adressepunkt&lt;/navn> -626 - &lt;navn>Friksjonsmåleserie&lt;/navn> -629 - &lt;navn>Vegdekke, flatelapping&lt;/navn> -639 - &lt;navn>Kurvatur, horisontalelement&lt;/navn> -640 - &lt;navn>Kurvatur, vertikalelement&lt;/navn> -642 - &lt;navn>Kurvatur, vertikalpunkt&lt;/navn> -643 - &lt;navn>Statistikk, trafikkmengde&lt;/navn> -647 - &lt;navn>Statistikk, vegbredde&lt;/navn> -774 - &lt;navn>Nedbøyningsmåleserie&lt;/navn> -775 - &lt;navn>ATK, influensstrekning&lt;/navn> -794 - &lt;navn>Systemobjekt&lt;/navn> -810 - &lt;navn>Vinterdriftsklasse&lt;/navn> -821 - &lt;navn>Funksjonell vegklasse&lt;/navn> -825 - &lt;navn>Kurvatur, stigning&lt;/navn> -838 - &lt;navn>Vegbredde, beregnet&lt;/navn> -862 - &lt;navn>Reisetidsregistreringspunkt&lt;/navn> -871 - &lt;navn>Bruksklasse&lt;/navn> -</pre></blockquote> - -<p>Av disse ser ID 775 og 862 mest relevant ut. ID 775 antar jeg -refererer til fotoboksen som står like ved brua, mens -«Reisetidsregistreringspunkt» kanskje kan være boksen som henger der. -Hvordan finner jeg så ut hva dette kan være for noe. En titt på -<a href="http://labs.vegdata.no/nvdb-datakatalog/862-Reisetidsregistreringspunkt/">datakatalogsiden -for ID 862/Reisetidsregistreringspunkt</a> viser at det er finnes 53 -slike målere i Norge, og hvor de er plassert, men gir ellers få -detaljer. Det er plassert 40 på østlandet og 13 i Trondheimsregionen. -Men siden nevner «AutoPASS», og hvis en slår opp oppføringen på -Sollihøgda nevner den «Ciber AS» som ID for eksternt system. (Kan det -være snakk om -<a href="http://www.proff.no/selskap/ciber-norge-as/oslo/internettdesign-og-programmering/Z0I3KMF4/">Ciber -Norge AS</a>, et selskap eid av Ciber Europe Bv?) Et nettsøk på - «Ciber AS autopass» fører meg til en artikkel fra NRK Trøndelag i - 2013 med tittel -«<a href="http://www.nrk.no/trondelag/sjekk-dette-hvis-du-vil-unnga-ko-1.11327947">Sjekk -dette hvis du vil unngå kø</a>». Artikkelen henviser til vegvesenets -nettside -<a href="http://www.reisetider.no/reisetid/forside.html">reisetider.no</a> -som har en -<a href="http://www.reisetider.no/reisetid/omrade.html?omrade=5">kartside -for Østlandet</a> som viser at det måles mellom Sandvika og Sollihøgda. -Det kan dermed se ut til at jeg har funnet ut hva boksene gjør.</p> - -<p>Hvis det stemmer, så er dette bokser som leser av AutoPASS-ID-en -til alle passerende biler med AutoPASS-brikke, og dermed gjør det mulig -for de som kontrollerer boksene å holde rede på hvor en gitt bil er -når den passerte et slikt målepunkt. NRK-artikkelen forteller at -denne informasjonen i dag kun brukes til å koble to -AutoPASS-brikkepasseringer passeringer sammen for å beregne -reisetiden, og at bruken er godkjent av Datatilsynet. Det er desverre -ikke mulig for en sjåfør som passerer under en slik boks å kontrollere -at AutoPASS-ID-en kun brukes til dette i dag og i fremtiden.</p> - -<p>I tillegg til denne type AutoPASS-sniffere vet jeg at det også -finnes mange automatiske stasjoner som tar betalt pr. passering (aka -bomstasjoner), og der lagres informasjon om tid, sted og bilnummer i -10 år. Finnes det andre slike sniffere plassert ut på veiene?</p> - -<p>Personlig har jeg valgt å ikke bruke AutoPASS-brikke, for å gjøre -det vanskeligere og mer kostbart for de som vil invadere privatsfæren -og holde rede på hvor bilen min beveger seg til enhver tid. Jeg håper -flere vil gjøre det samme, selv om det gir litt høyere private -utgifter (dyrere bompassering). Vern om privatsfæren koster i disse -dager.</p> - -<p>Takk til Jan Kristian Jensen i Statens Vegvesen for tips om -dokumentasjon på vegvesenets REST-API.</p> + <li>How Making is Changing the World – and How You Can Too! + (Jennifer Turliuk)</li> + + <li>Open-Source Adventuring: OpenROV, OpenExplorer and the Future of + Connected Exploration (David Lang)</li> + + <li>Making in Norway (Haakon Karlsen Jr., Graham Hayward and Jens + Dyvik)</li> + + <li>The Impact of the Maker Movement (Mike Senese)</li> + +</ul> + +<p>Part of the reason this took so long was that the scripts NUUG had +to prepare a recording for publication were five years old and no +longer worked with the current video processing tools (command line +argument changes). In addition, we needed better audio normalization, +which sent me on a detour to +<a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Measuring_and_adjusting_the_loudness_of_a_TV_channel_using_bs1770gain.html">package +bs1770gain for Debian</a>. Now this is in place and it became a lot +easier to publish NUUG videos on Frikanalen.</p> - Speeding up the Debian installer using eatmydata and dpkg-divert - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Speeding_up_the_Debian_installer_using_eatmydata_and_dpkg_divert.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Speeding_up_the_Debian_installer_using_eatmydata_and_dpkg_divert.html - Tue, 16 Sep 2014 14:00:00 +0200 - <p>The <a href="https://www.debian.org/">Debian</a> installer could be -a lot quicker. When we install more than 2000 packages in -<a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a> using -tasksel in the installer, unpacking the binary packages take forever. -A part of the slow I/O issue was discussed in -<a href="https://bugs.debian.org/613428">bug #613428</a> about too -much file system sync-ing done by dpkg, which is the package -responsible for unpacking the binary packages. Other parts (like code -executed by postinst scripts) might also sync to disk during -installation. All this sync-ing to disk do not really make sense to -me. If the machine crash half-way through, I start over, I do not try -to salvage the half installed system. So the failure sync-ing is -supposed to protect against, hardware or system crash, is not really -relevant while the installer is running.</p> - -<p>A few days ago, I thought of a way to get rid of all the file -system sync()-ing in a fairly non-intrusive way, without the need to -change the code in several packages. The idea is not new, but I have -not heard anyone propose the approach using dpkg-divert before. It -depend on the small and clever package -<a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/eatmydata">eatmydata</a>, which -uses LD_PRELOAD to replace the system functions for syncing data to -disk with functions doing nothing, thus allowing programs to live -dangerous while speeding up disk I/O significantly. Instead of -modifying the implementation of dpkg, apt and tasksel (which are the -packages responsible for selecting, fetching and installing packages), -it occurred to me that we could just divert the programs away, replace -them with a simple shell wrapper calling -"eatmydata&nbsp;$program&nbsp;$@", to get the same effect. -Two days ago I decided to test the idea, and wrapped up a simple -implementation for the Debian Edu udeb.</p> - -<p>The effect was stunning. In my first test it reduced the running -time of the pkgsel step (installing tasks) from 64 to less than 44 -minutes (20 minutes shaved off the installation) on an old Dell -Latitude D505 machine. I am not quite sure what the optimised time -would have been, as I messed up the testing a bit, causing the debconf -priority to get low enough for two questions to pop up during -installation. As soon as I saw the questions I moved the installation -along, but do not know how long the question were holding up the -installation. I did some more measurements using Debian Edu Jessie, -and got these results. The time measured is the time stamp in -/var/log/syslog between the "pkgsel: starting tasksel" and the -"pkgsel: finishing up" lines, if you want to do the same measurement -yourself. In Debian Edu, the tasksel dialog do not show up, and the -timing thus do not depend on how quickly the user handle the tasksel -dialog.</p> - -<p><table> - -<tr> -<th>Machine/setup</th> -<th>Original tasksel</th> -<th>Optimised tasksel</th> -<th>Reduction</th> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>Latitude D505 Main+LTSP LXDE</td> -<td>64 min (07:46-08:50)</td> -<td><44 min (11:27-12:11)</td> -<td>>20 min 18%</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>Latitude D505 Roaming LXDE</td> -<td>57 min (08:48-09:45)</td> -<td>34 min (07:43-08:17)</td> -<td>23 min 40%</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>Latitude D505 Minimal</td> -<td>22 min (10:37-10:59)</td> -<td>11 min (11:16-11:27)</td> -<td>11 min 50%</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>Thinkpad X200 Minimal</td> -<td>6 min (08:19-08:25)</td> -<td>4 min (08:04-08:08)</td> -<td>2 min 33%</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>Thinkpad X200 Roaming KDE</td> -<td>19 min (09:21-09:40)</td> -<td>15 min (10:25-10:40)</td> -<td>4 min 21%</td> -</tr> - -</table></p> - -<p>The test is done using a netinst ISO on a USB stick, so some of the -time is spent downloading packages. The connection to the Internet -was 100Mbit/s during testing, so downloading should not be a -significant factor in the measurement. Download typically took a few -seconds to a few minutes, depending on the amount of packages being -installed.</p> - -<p>The speedup is implemented by using two hooks in -<a href="https://www.debian.org/devel/debian-installer/">Debian -Installer</a>, the pre-pkgsel.d hook to set up the diverts, and the -finish-install.d hook to remove the divert at the end of the -installation. I picked the pre-pkgsel.d hook instead of the -post-base-installer.d hook because I test using an ISO without the -eatmydata package included, and the post-base-installer.d hook in -Debian Edu can only operate on packages included in the ISO. The -negative effect of this is that I am unable to activate this -optimization for the kernel installation step in d-i. If the code is -moved to the post-base-installer.d hook, the speedup would be larger -for the entire installation.</p> - -<p>I've implemented this in the -<a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/debian-edu-install">debian-edu-install</a> -git repository, and plan to provide the optimization as part of the -Debian Edu installation. If you want to test this yourself, you can -create two files in the installer (or in an udeb). One shell script -need do go into /usr/lib/pre-pkgsel.d/, with content like this:</p> - -<p><blockquote><pre> -#!/bin/sh -set -e -. /usr/share/debconf/confmodule -info() { - logger -t my-pkgsel "info: $*" -} -error() { - logger -t my-pkgsel "error: $*" -} -override_install() { - apt-install eatmydata || true - if [ -x /target/usr/bin/eatmydata ] ; then - for bin in dpkg apt-get aptitude tasksel ; do - file=/usr/bin/$bin - # Test that the file exist and have not been diverted already. - if [ -f /target$file ] ; then - info "diverting $file using eatmydata" - printf "#!/bin/sh\neatmydata $bin.distrib \"\$@\"\n" \ - > /target$file.edu - chmod 755 /target$file.edu - in-target dpkg-divert --package debian-edu-config \ - --rename --quiet --add $file - ln -sf ./$bin.edu /target$file - else - error "unable to divert $file, as it is missing." - fi - done - else - error "unable to find /usr/bin/eatmydata after installing the eatmydata pacage" - fi -} + Hvem fører Medietilsynet tilsyn med? + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hvem_f_rer_Medietilsynet_tilsyn_med_.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hvem_f_rer_Medietilsynet_tilsyn_med_.html + Sun, 28 Jun 2015 23:20:00 +0200 + <p>I en global verden med eierskap på tvers, trengs det informasjon om +hvem som har kontrollen i selskaper og bedrifter. Og for å få tilgang +til slik informasjon for alle som ønsker å analysere eierskap, holder +med ikke med nasjonale databaser over eierskap, det må globale +samledatabaser med åpne data til. Heldigvis finnes det en +internasjonal bevegelse for å gjøre selskapsinformasjon for alle land +offentlig tilgjengelig. En slik database heter +<a href="http://opencorporates.com">OpenCorporates</a>, der +informasjonen er gratis tilgjengelig med en "del på samme +vilkår"-lisens. De samler inn selskapsinformasjon, eierskap, +konsesjonstildelinger og lignende. De manglet ganske mye for Norge, +da bruksvilkårene til Norsk offentlig informasjon i stor grad +blokkerer OpenCorporates fra å samle den inn.</p> + +<p>Men jeg er jo involvert i +<a href="http://www.frikanalen.no/">Frikanalen</a>, som har +TV-konsesjon, og tenkte det kunne være fint om informasjon om alle +mediakonsesjoner var tilgjengelig i OpenCorporates, så jeg sendte +avgårde følgende spørsmål til Medietilsynet 2015-06-22:</p> + +<blockquote> +<p>Hei. Finnes det en oversikt over enhetene som Mediatilsynet fører +tilsyn med som åpne data? Jeg lette etter den på +&lt;URL:<a href="http://data.norge.no/">http://data.norge.no/</a>&gt; og +&lt;URL:<a href="http://hotell.difi.no/">http://hotell.difi.no/</a>&gt; uten å +finne noe der, og fant heller ikke noe under +&lt;URL:<a href="http://www.medietilsynet.no/">http://www.medietilsynet.no/</a>&gt;.</p> + +<p>Jeg tenker på alle som har fått kringkastingskonsesjon og alle som +er omtalt under +&lt;URL:<a href="http://www.medietilsynet.no/mediebildet/">http://www.medietilsynet.no/mediebildet/</a>&gt;.</p> + +<p>Jeg skulle gjerne hatt dette maskinlesbart, og inkludert +organisasjonsnummer og hva slags forhold mediatilsynet har til +organisasjonene. Tanken er å importere det i +&lt;URL:<a href="https://opencorporates.com/">https://opencorporates.com/</a>&gt; for analyse, så det bør ikke ha +bruksbegresninger som gjør dette umulig.</p> +</blockquote> + +<p>To dager senere fikk jeg svar, med de datasettene de hadde +tilgjengelig. Svaret fra Hanne Sekkelsten hos Medietilsynet var +informativt og imøtekommende.</p> + +<blockquote> +<p>Vi viser til din e-post av 22. juni, der du ber om å få tilsendt oversikter +over aktører Medietilsynet fører tilsyn med.</p> + +<p>Medietilsynet fører tilsyn med kringkastere og audiovisuelle +bestillingstjenester som omfattes av kringkastingsloven, og med +eierskap i aviser, fjernsyn radio og elektroniske medier etter +medieeierskapsloven. I tillegg vil Medietilsynet etter at +beskyttelsesloven trer i kraft fra 1. juli ha tilsyn med en rekke nye +aktører. Nærmere informasjon om den nye loven finnes på Medietilsynets +nettsted, her: +<a href="http://www.medietilsynet.no/mediebransjen/bildeprogramloven/">http://www.medietilsynet.no/mediebransjen/bildeprogramloven/</a> +. Vi har ikke utarbeidet oversikter over alle aktørene, men vi sender +deg her de listene vi har utarbeidet, hentet fra våre databaser. Vi +har dessverre ikke ferdige rapporter som inneholder +organisasjonsnummer. Dersom du ønsker flere opplysninger ber vi om at +du tar kontakt med oss slik at vi kan finne ut av hvilke opplysninger +du trenger, og hvilke vi kan fremskaffe.</p> + +<p>Vedlagt følger: -override_install -</pre></blockquote></p> +<ul> -<p>To clean up, another shell script should go into -/usr/lib/finish-install.d/ with code like this: + <li>Konsesjoner - lokalradio FM pr. 31.12.2014 [<a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2015-06-28-medietilsynsdata/Konsesjoner_lokalradio_fm_felles_31.12.2014.pdf">PDF (original)</a>]</li> -<p><blockquote><pre> -#! /bin/sh -e -. /usr/share/debconf/confmodule -error() { - logger -t my-finish-install "error: $@" -} -remove_install_override() { - for bin in dpkg apt-get aptitude tasksel ; do - file=/usr/bin/$bin - if [ -x /target$file.edu ] ; then - rm /target$file - in-target dpkg-divert --package debian-edu-config \ - --rename --quiet --remove $file - rm /target$file.edu - else - error "Missing divert for $file." - fi - done - sync # Flush file buffers before continuing -} + <li>Konsesjoner - lokalfjernsyn i det digitale bakkenettet for fjernsyn, pr. mars 2015 [<a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2015-06-28-medietilsynsdata/Lokalfjernsyn_DTT_konsesjoner_mars_2015.docx">DOCX (original)</a>, +<a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2015-06-28-medietilsynsdata/Lokalfjernsyn_DTT_konsesjoner_mars_2015.pdf">PDF</a>]</li> + + <li>Konsesjoner - DAB-radio, status mars 2015 [<a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2015-06-28-medietilsynsdata/Konsesjonaernummer_DAB.xps">XPS (original)</a>, +<a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2015-06-28-medietilsynsdata/Konsesjonaernummer_DAB.pdf">PDF</a>]</li> -remove_install_override -</pre></blockquote></p> - -<p>In Debian Edu, I placed both code fragments in a separate script -edu-eatmydata-install and call it from the pre-pkgsel.d and -finish-install.d scripts.</p> - -<p>By now you might ask if this change should get into the normal -Debian installer too? I suspect it should, but am not sure the -current debian-installer coordinators find it useful enough. It also -depend on the side effects of the change. I'm not aware of any, but I -guess we will see if the change is safe after some more testing. -Perhaps there is some package in Debian depending on sync() and -fsync() having effect? Perhaps it should go into its own udeb, to -allow those of us wanting to enable it to do so without affecting -everyone.</p> - -<p>Update 2014-09-24: Since a few days ago, enabling this optimization -will break installation of all programs using gnutls because of -<a href="https://bugs.debian.org/702711">bug #702711</a>. An updated -eatmydata package in Debian will solve it.</p> - -<p>Update 2014-10-17: The bug mentioned above is fixed in testing and -the optimization work again. And I have discovered that the -dpkg-divert trick is not really needed and implemented a slightly -simpler approach as part of the debian-edu-install package. See -tools/edu-eatmydata-install in the source package.</p> + <li>Registreringspliktige kringkastere - status mars 2015: [<a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2015-06-28-medietilsynsdata/Registreringspliktige_kringkastere_register_-_aktive.xps">XPS (original)</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2015-06-28-medietilsynsdata/Registreringspliktige_kringkastere_register_-_aktive.pdf">PDF</a>] + + <ul> + <li>Kabelsendt fjernsyn + <li>Satellittsendt fjernsyn + <li>Nett-tv + <li>Kabelsendt radio + <li>Satellittsendt radio + <li>Nett-radio + </ul></li> +</ul> + +<p>Vi må ta forbehold om at det kan være enkelte feil i oversiktene +siden disse ikke er oppdaterte pr. dags dato. Vi vil foreta nye +oppdateringer i august.</p> + +<p>Med hilsen</p> + +<p>Hanne Nistad Sekkelsten +<br>Seniorrådgiver | Senior Legal Adviser +<br>Medietilsynet | Norwegian Media Authority +<br>A: Nygata 4, NO-1607 Fredrikstad +<br>T: [telefonnummer fjernet] +<br>E: [adresse fjernet] | W: www.medietilsynet.no +</p> +</blockquote> + +<p>Desverre er formatene for ustrukturerte til maskinell behandling og +mangler endel informasjon, men det er gode oversikter over hvem +Medietilsynet fører tilsyn med. Filene er på formatene PDF, XPS +(XML-basert PDF-lignende format fra Microsoft) og DOCX, så det vil +være en stor jobb å strukturere informasjonen på en måte som kan +importeres i OpenCorporates. Svaret er ikke i tråd med +<a href="http://lovdata.no/dokument/SF/forskrift/2013-04-05-959">Forskrift +om IT-standarder i offentlig forvaltning</a> som sier epostvedlegg +skal sendes som PDF, så jeg har gjorde PDF-utgaver av XPS og +DOCX-utgavene tilgjengelig for å gjøre det enklere for alle å se +innholdet.</p> - Good bye subkeys.pgp.net, welcome pool.sks-keyservers.net - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Good_bye_subkeys_pgp_net__welcome_pool_sks_keyservers_net.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Good_bye_subkeys_pgp_net__welcome_pool_sks_keyservers_net.html - Wed, 10 Sep 2014 13:10:00 +0200 - <p>Yesterday, I had the pleasure of attending a talk with the -<a href="http://www.nuug.no/">Norwegian Unix User Group</a> about -<a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20140909-sks-keyservers/">the -OpenPGP keyserver pool sks-keyservers.net</a>, and was very happy to -learn that there is a large set of publicly available key servers to -use when looking for peoples public key. So far I have used -subkeys.pgp.net, and some times wwwkeys.nl.pgp.net when the former -were misbehaving, but those days are ended. The servers I have used -up until yesterday have been slow and some times unavailable. I hope -those problems are gone now.</p> - -<p>Behind the round robin DNS entry of the -<a href="https://sks-keyservers.net/">sks-keyservers.net</a> service -there is a pool of more than 100 keyservers which are checked every -day to ensure they are well connected and up to date. It must be -better than what I have used so far. :)</p> - -<p>Yesterdays speaker told me that the service is the default -keyserver provided by the default configuration in GnuPG, but this do -not seem to be used in Debian. Perhaps it should?</p> - -<p>Anyway, I've updated my ~/.gnupg/options file to now include this -line:</p> - -<p><blockquote><pre> -keyserver pool.sks-keyservers.net -</pre></blockquote></p> - -<p>With GnuPG version 2 one can also locate the keyserver using SRV -entries in DNS. Just for fun, I did just that at work, so now every -user of GnuPG at the University of Oslo should find a OpenGPG -keyserver automatically should their need it:</p> - -<p><blockquote><pre> -% host -t srv _pgpkey-http._tcp.uio.no -_pgpkey-http._tcp.uio.no has SRV record 0 100 11371 pool.sks-keyservers.net. + Graphing the Norwegian company ownership structure + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Graphing_the_Norwegian_company_ownership_structure.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Graphing_the_Norwegian_company_ownership_structure.html + Mon, 15 Jun 2015 14:00:00 +0200 + <p>It is a bit work to figure out the ownership structure of companies +in Norway. The information is publicly available, but one need to +recursively look up ownership for all owners to figure out the complete +ownership graph of a given set of companies. To save me the work in +the future, I wrote a script to do this automatically, outputting the +ownership structure using the Graphviz/dotty format. The data source +is web scraping from <a href="http://www.proff.no/">Proff</a>, because +I failed to find a useful source directly from the official keepers of +the ownership data, <a href="http://www.brreg.no/">Brønnøysundsregistrene</a>.</p> + +<p>To get an ownership graph for a set of companies, fetch +<a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/brreg-norway-ownership-graph">the code from git</a> and run it using the organisation number. I'm +using the Norwegian newspaper Dagbladet as an example here, as its +ownership structure is very simple:</p> + +<pre> +% time ./bin/eierskap-dotty 958033540 > dagbladet.dot + +real 0m2.841s +user 0m0.184s +sys 0m0.036s % -</pre></blockquote></p> - -<p>Now if only -<a href="http://ietfreport.isoc.org/idref/draft-shaw-openpgp-hkp/">the -HKP lookup protocol</a> supported finding signature paths, I would be -very happy. It can look up a given key or search for a user ID, but I -normally do not want that, but to find a trust path from my key to -another key. Given a user ID or key ID, I would like to find (and -download) the keys representing a signature path from my key to the -key in question, to be able to get a trust path between the two keys. -This is as far as I can tell not possible today. Perhaps something -for a future version of the protocol?</p> +</pre> + +<p>The script accept several organisation numbers on the command line, +allowing a cluster of companies to be graphed in the same image. The +resulting dot file for the example above look like this. The edges +are labeled with the ownership percentage, and the nodes uses the +organisation number as their name and the name as the label:</p> + +<pre> +digraph ownership { +rankdir = LR; +"Aller Holding A/s" -> "910119877" [label="100%"] +"910119877" -> "998689015" [label="100%"] +"998689015" -> "958033540" [label="99%"] +"974530600" -> "958033540" [label="1%"] +"958033540" [label="AS DAGBLADET"] +"998689015" [label="Berner Media Holding AS"] +"974530600" [label="Dagbladets Stiftelse"] +"910119877" [label="Aller Media AS"] +} +</pre> + +<p>To view the ownership graph, run "<tt>dotty dagbladet.dot</tt>" or +convert it to a PNG using "<tt>dot -T png dagbladet.dot > +dagbladet.png</tt>". The result can be seen below:</p> + +<img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2015-06-15-ownership-graphs-norway-dagbladet.png" width="80%"> + +<p>Note that I suspect the "Aller Holding A/S" entry to be incorrect +data in the official ownership register, as that name is not +registered in the official company register for Norway. The ownership +register is sensitive to typos and there seem to be no strict checking +of the ownership links.</p> + +<p>Let me know if you improve the script or find better data sources. +The code is licensed according to GPL 2 or newer.</p> + +<p>Update 2015-06-15: Since the initial post I've been told that +"<a href="http://www.proff.dk/firma/carl-allers-etablissement-aktieselskab/københavn-v/hovedkontorer/13624518-3/">Aller +Holding A/S</a>" is a Danish company, which explain why it did not +have a Norwegian organisation number. I've also been told that there +is a <a href="http://www.brreg.no/automatiske/webservices/">web +services API available</a> from Brønnøysundsregistrene, for those +willing to accept the terms or pay the price.</p>