X-Git-Url: http://pere.pagekite.me/gitweb/homepage.git/blobdiff_plain/14c30fcadbf6b05cee38bda48e476b5393e1e2cf..fa4e14fe2faecdba7833edabf9f9fe20fb3be1c7:/blog/index.rss diff --git a/blog/index.rss b/blog/index.rss index dbbe2415df..4fcf4416e6 100644 --- a/blog/index.rss +++ b/blog/index.rss @@ -7,875 +7,1135 @@ - Hvordan bør RFC 822-formattert epost lagres i en NOARK5-database? - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hvordan_b_r_RFC_822_formattert_epost_lagres_i_en_NOARK5_database_.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hvordan_b_r_RFC_822_formattert_epost_lagres_i_en_NOARK5_database_.html - Fri, 7 Mar 2014 15:20:00 +0100 - <p>For noen uker siden ble NXCs fri programvarelisenserte -NOARK5-løsning -<a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20140211-noark/">presentert hos -NUUG</a> (video -<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JCb_dNS3MHQ">på youtube -foreløbig</a>), og det fikk meg til å titte litt mer på NOARK5, -standarden for arkivhåndtering i det offentlige Norge. Jeg lurer på -om denne kjernen kan være nyttig i et par av mine prosjekter, og for ett -av dem er det mest aktuelt å lagre epost. Jeg klarte ikke finne noen -anbefaling om hvordan RFC 822-formattert epost (aka Internett-epost) -burde lagres i NOARK5, selv om jeg vet at noen arkiver tar -PDF-utskrift av eposten med sitt epostprogram og så arkiverer PDF-en -(eller enda værre, tar papirutskrift og lagrer bildet av eposten som -PDF i arkivet).</p> - -<p>Det er ikke så mange formater som er akseptert av riksarkivet til -langtidsoppbevaring av offentlige arkiver, og PDF og XML er de mest -aktuelle i så måte. Det slo meg at det måtte da finnes en eller annen -egnet XML-representasjon og at det kanskje var enighet om hvilken som -burde brukes, så jeg tok mot til meg og spurte -<a href="http://samdok.com/">SAMDOK</a>, en gruppe tilknyttet -arkivverket som ser ut til å jobbe med NOARK-samhandling, om de hadde -noen anbefalinger: - -<p><blockquote> -<p>Hei.</p> - -<p>Usikker på om dette er riktig forum å ta opp mitt spørsmål, men jeg -lurer på om det er definert en anbefaling om hvordan RFC -822-formatterte epost (aka vanlig Internet-epost) bør lages håndteres -i NOARK5, slik at en bevarer all informasjon i eposten -(f.eks. Received-linjer). Finnes det en anbefalt XML-mapping ala den -som beskrives på -&lt;URL: <a href="https://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=32074">https://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=32074</a> &gt;? Mitt -mål er at det skal være mulig å lagre eposten i en NOARK5-kjerne og -kunne få ut en identisk formattert kopi av opprinnelig epost ved -behov.</p> -</blockquote></p> - -<p>Postmottaker hos SAMDOK mente spørsmålet heller burde stilles -direkte til riksarkivet, og jeg fikk i dag svar derfra formulert av -seniorrådgiver Geir Ivar Tungesvik:</p> - -<p><blockquote> -<p>Riksarkivet har ingen anbefalinger når det gjelder konvertering fra -e-post til XML. Det står arkivskaper fritt å eventuelt definere/bruke -eget format. Inklusive da - som det spørres om - et format der det er -mulig å re-etablere e-post format ut fra XML-en. XML (e-post) -dokumenter må være referert i arkivstrukturen, og det må vedlegges et -gyldig XML skjema (.xsd) for XML-filene. Arkivskaper står altså fritt -til å gjøre hva de vil, bare det dokumenteres og det kan dannes et -utrekk ved avlevering til depot.</p> - -<p>De obligatoriske kravene i Noark 5 standarden må altså oppfylles - -etter dialog med Riksarkivet i forbindelse med godkjenning. For -offentlige arkiv er det særlig viktig med filene loependeJournal.xml -og offentligJournal.xml. Private arkiv som vil forholde seg til Noark -5 standarden er selvsagt frie til å bruke det som er relevant for dem -av obligatoriske krav.</p> -</blockquote></p> - -<p>Det ser dermed ut for meg som om det er et lite behov for å -standardisere XML-lagring av RFC-822-formatterte meldinger. Noen som -vet om god spesifikasjon i så måte? I tillegg til den omtalt over, -har jeg kommet over flere aktuelle beskrivelser (søk på "rfc 822 -xml", så finner du aktuelle alternativer).</p> - -<ul> - -<li><a href="http://www.openhealth.org/xmtp/">XML MIME Transformation -protocol (XMTP)</a> fra OpenHealth, sist oppdatert 2001.</li> - -<li><a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-klyne-message-rfc822-xml-03">An -XML format for mail and other messages</a> utkast fra IETF datert -2001.</li> - -<li><a href="http://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=32074">xMail: -E-mail as XML</a> en artikkel fra 2003 som beskriver python-modulen -rfc822 som gir ut XML-representasjon av en RFC 822-formattert epost.</li> - -</ul> - -<p>Finnes det andre og bedre spesifikasjoner for slik lagring? Send -meg en epost hvis du har innspill.</p> + Hva henger under skibrua over E16 på Sollihøgda? + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hva_henger_under_skibrua_over_E16_p__Sollih_gda_.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hva_henger_under_skibrua_over_E16_p__Sollih_gda_.html + Sun, 21 Sep 2014 09:50:00 +0200 + <p>Rundt omkring i Oslo og Østlandsområdet henger det bokser over +veiene som jeg har lurt på hva gjør. De har ut fra plassering og +vinkling sett ut som bokser som sniffer ut et eller annet fra +forbipasserende trafikk, men det har vært uklart for meg hva det er de +leser av. Her om dagen tok jeg bilde av en slik boks som henger under +<a href="http://www.openstreetmap.no/?zoom=19&mlat=59.96396&mlon=10.34443&layers=B00000">ei +skibru på Sollihøgda</a>:</p> + +<p align="center"><img width="60%" src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2014-09-13-kapsch-sollihogda-crop.jpeg"></p> + +<p>Boksen er tydelig merket «Kapsch >>>», logoen til +<a href="http://www.kapsch.net/">det sveitsiske selskapet Kapsch</a> som +blant annet lager sensorsystemer for veitrafikk. Men de lager mye +forskjellig, og jeg kjente ikke igjen boksen på utseendet etter en +kjapp titt på produktlista til selskapet.</p> + +<p>I og med at boksen henger over veien E16, en riksvei vedlikeholdt +av Statens Vegvesen, så antok jeg at det burde være mulig å bruke +REST-API-et som gir tilgang til vegvesenets database over veier, +skilter og annet veirelatert til å finne ut hva i alle dager dette +kunne være. De har både +<a href="https://www.vegvesen.no/nvdb/api/dokumentasjon/datakatalog">en +datakatalog</a> og +<a href="https://www.vegvesen.no/nvdb/api/dokumentasjon/sok">et +søk</a>, der en kan søke etter ulike typer oppføringer innen for et +gitt geografisk område. Jeg laget et enkelt shell-script for å hente +ut antall av en gitt type innenfor området skibrua dekker, og listet +opp navnet på typene som ble funnet. Orket ikke slå opp hvordan +URL-koding av aktuelle strenger kunne gjøres mer generisk, og brukte +en stygg sed-linje i stedet.</p> + +<blockquote><pre> +#!/bin/sh +urlmap() { + sed \ + -e 's/ / /g' -e 's/{/%7B/g' \ + -e 's/}/%7D/g' -e 's/\[/%5B/g' \ + -e 's/\]/%5D/g' -e 's/ /%20/g' \ + -e 's/,/%2C/g' -e 's/\"/%22/g' \ + -e 's/:/%3A/g' +} + +lookup() { + url="$1" + curl -s -H 'Accept: application/vnd.vegvesen.nvdb-v1+xml' \ + "https://www.vegvesen.no/nvdb/api$url" | xmllint --format - +} + +for id in $(seq 1 874) ; do + search="{ + lokasjon: { + bbox: \"10.34425,59.96386,10.34458,59.96409\", + srid: \"WGS84\" + }, + objektTyper: [{ + id: $id, antall: 10 + }] +}" + + query=/sok?kriterie=$(echo $search | urlmap) + if lookup "$query" | + grep -q '&lt;totaltAntallReturnert>0&lt;' + then + : + else + echo $id + lookup "/datakatalog/objekttyper/$id" |grep '^ &lt;navn>' + fi +done + +exit 0 +</pre></blockquote> + +Aktuelt ID-område 1-874 var riktig i datakatalogen da jeg laget +scriptet. Det vil endre seg over tid. Skriptet listet så opp +aktuelle typer i og rundt skibrua: + +<blockquote><pre> +5 + &lt;navn>Rekkverk&lt;/navn> +14 + &lt;navn>Rekkverksende&lt;/navn> +47 + &lt;navn>Trafikklomme&lt;/navn> +49 + &lt;navn>Trafikkøy&lt;/navn> +60 + &lt;navn>Bru&lt;/navn> +79 + &lt;navn>Stikkrenne/Kulvert&lt;/navn> +80 + &lt;navn>Grøft, åpen&lt;/navn> +86 + &lt;navn>Belysningsstrekning&lt;/navn> +95 + &lt;navn>Skiltpunkt&lt;/navn> +96 + &lt;navn>Skiltplate&lt;/navn> +98 + &lt;navn>Referansestolpe&lt;/navn> +99 + &lt;navn>Vegoppmerking, langsgående&lt;/navn> +105 + &lt;navn>Fartsgrense&lt;/navn> +106 + &lt;navn>Vinterdriftsstrategi&lt;/navn> +172 + &lt;navn>Trafikkdeler&lt;/navn> +241 + &lt;navn>Vegdekke&lt;/navn> +293 + &lt;navn>Breddemåling&lt;/navn> +301 + &lt;navn>Kantklippareal&lt;/navn> +318 + &lt;navn>Snø-/isrydding&lt;/navn> +445 + &lt;navn>Skred&lt;/navn> +446 + &lt;navn>Dokumentasjon&lt;/navn> +452 + &lt;navn>Undergang&lt;/navn> +528 + &lt;navn>Tverrprofil&lt;/navn> +532 + &lt;navn>Vegreferanse&lt;/navn> +534 + &lt;navn>Region&lt;/navn> +535 + &lt;navn>Fylke&lt;/navn> +536 + &lt;navn>Kommune&lt;/navn> +538 + &lt;navn>Gate&lt;/navn> +539 + &lt;navn>Transportlenke&lt;/navn> +540 + &lt;navn>Trafikkmengde&lt;/navn> +570 + &lt;navn>Trafikkulykke&lt;/navn> +571 + &lt;navn>Ulykkesinvolvert enhet&lt;/navn> +572 + &lt;navn>Ulykkesinvolvert person&lt;/navn> +579 + &lt;navn>Politidistrikt&lt;/navn> +583 + &lt;navn>Vegbredde&lt;/navn> +591 + &lt;navn>Høydebegrensning&lt;/navn> +592 + &lt;navn>Nedbøyningsmåling&lt;/navn> +597 + &lt;navn>Støy-luft, Strekningsdata&lt;/navn> +601 + &lt;navn>Oppgravingsdata&lt;/navn> +602 + &lt;navn>Oppgravingslag&lt;/navn> +603 + &lt;navn>PMS-parsell&lt;/navn> +604 + &lt;navn>Vegnormalstrekning&lt;/navn> +605 + &lt;navn>Værrelatert strekning&lt;/navn> +616 + &lt;navn>Feltstrekning&lt;/navn> +617 + &lt;navn>Adressepunkt&lt;/navn> +626 + &lt;navn>Friksjonsmåleserie&lt;/navn> +629 + &lt;navn>Vegdekke, flatelapping&lt;/navn> +639 + &lt;navn>Kurvatur, horisontalelement&lt;/navn> +640 + &lt;navn>Kurvatur, vertikalelement&lt;/navn> +642 + &lt;navn>Kurvatur, vertikalpunkt&lt;/navn> +643 + &lt;navn>Statistikk, trafikkmengde&lt;/navn> +647 + &lt;navn>Statistikk, vegbredde&lt;/navn> +774 + &lt;navn>Nedbøyningsmåleserie&lt;/navn> +775 + &lt;navn>ATK, influensstrekning&lt;/navn> +794 + &lt;navn>Systemobjekt&lt;/navn> +810 + &lt;navn>Vinterdriftsklasse&lt;/navn> +821 + &lt;navn>Funksjonell vegklasse&lt;/navn> +825 + &lt;navn>Kurvatur, stigning&lt;/navn> +838 + &lt;navn>Vegbredde, beregnet&lt;/navn> +862 + &lt;navn>Reisetidsregistreringspunkt&lt;/navn> +871 + &lt;navn>Bruksklasse&lt;/navn> +</pre></blockquote> + +<p>Av disse ser ID 775 og 862 mest relevant ut. ID 775 antar jeg +refererer til fotoboksen som står like ved brua, mens +«Reisetidsregistreringspunkt» kanskje kan være boksen som henger der. +Hvordan finner jeg så ut hva dette kan være for noe. En titt på +<a href="http://labs.vegdata.no/nvdb-datakatalog/862-Reisetidsregistreringspunkt/">datakatalogsiden +for ID 862/Reisetidsregistreringspunkt</a> viser at det er finnes 53 +slike målere i Norge, og hvor de er plassert, men gir ellers få +detaljer. Det er plassert 40 på østlandet og 13 i Trondheimsregionen. +Men siden nevner «AutoPASS», og hvis en slår opp oppføringen på +Sollihøgda nevner den «Ciber AS» som ID for eksternt system. (Kan det +være snakk om +<a href="http://www.proff.no/selskap/ciber-norge-as/oslo/internettdesign-og-programmering/Z0I3KMF4/">Ciber +Norge AS</a>, et selskap eid av Ciber Europe Bv?) Et nettsøk på + «Ciber AS autopass» fører meg til en artikkel fra NRK Trøndelag i + 2013 med tittel +«<a href="http://www.nrk.no/trondelag/sjekk-dette-hvis-du-vil-unnga-ko-1.11327947">Sjekk +dette hvis du vil unngå kø</a>». Artikkelen henviser til vegvesenets +nettside +<a href="http://www.reisetider.no/reisetid/forside.html">reisetider.no</a> +som har en +<a href="http://www.reisetider.no/reisetid/omrade.html?omrade=5">kartside +for Østlandet</a> som viser at det måles mellom Sandvika og Sollihøgda. +Det kan dermed se ut til at jeg har funnet ut hva boksene gjør.</p> + +<p>Hvis det stemmer, så er dette bokser som leser av AutoPASS-ID-en +til alle passerende biler med AutoPASS-brikke, og dermed gjør det mulig +for de som kontrollerer boksene å holde rede på hvor en gitt bil er +når den passerte et slikt målepunkt. NRK-artikkelen forteller at +denne informasjonen i dag kun brukes til å koble to +AutoPASS-brikkepasseringer passeringer sammen for å beregne +reisetiden, og at bruken er godkjent av Datatilsynet. Det er desverre +ikke mulig for en sjåfør som passerer under en slik boks å kontrollere +at AutoPASS-ID-en kun brukes til dette i dag og i fremtiden.</p> + +<p>I tillegg til denne type AutoPASS-sniffere vet jeg at det også +finnes mange automatiske stasjoner som tar betalt pr. passering (aka +bomstasjoner), og der lagres informasjon om tid, sted og bilnummer i +10 år. Finnes det andre slike sniffere plassert ut på veiene?</p> + +<p>Personlig har jeg valgt å ikke bruke AutoPASS-brikke, for å gjøre +det vanskeligere og mer kostbart for de som vil invadere privatsfæren +og holde rede på hvor bilen min beveger seg til enhver tid. Jeg håper +flere vil gjøre det samme, selv om det gir litt høyere private +utgifter (dyrere bompassering). Vern om privatsfæren koster i disse +dager.</p> + +<p>Takk til Jan Kristian Jensen i Statens Vegvesen for tips om +dokumentasjon på vegvesenets REST-API.</p> - Lenker for 2014-02-28 - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenker_for_2014_02_28.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenker_for_2014_02_28.html - Fri, 28 Feb 2014 13:30:00 +0100 - <p>Her er noen lenker til tekster jeg har satt pris på å lese de siste -månedene. Det er mye om varsleren Edward Snowden, som burde få all -hjelp, støtte og beskyttelse Norge kan stille opp med for å ha satt -totalitær overvåkning på sakskartet, men også endel annet -tankevekkende og interessant.</p> - -<ul> - -<li>2013-12-21 -<a href="http://www.dagbladet.no/2013/12/21/nyheter/thomas_drake/nsa/overvakning/snowden/30925886/">- -NSA tenker som Stasi</a> - Dagbladet.no</li> - -<li>2013-12-19 <a href="http://www.dagensit.no/article2732734.ece">- -Staten har ikke rett til å vite alt om deg</a> - DN.no</li> - -<li>2013-12-21 -<a href="http://www.dagbladet.no/2013/12/21/nyheter/krig_og_konflikter/politikk/utenriks/30961126/">Nye -mål for NSAs spionasje avslørt</a> - Dagbladet.no</li> - -<li>2013-12-19 -<a href="http://www.dagbladet.no/2013/12/19/nyheter/nsa/usa/politikk/barack_obama/30918684/">«NSA -bør fjernes fra sin makt til å samle inn metadata fra amerikanske -telefonsamtaler»</a> - Dagbladet.no</li> - -<li>2013-12-18 -<a href="http://www.dagbladet.no/2013/12/18/kultur/meninger/hovedkronikk/debatt/snowden/30901089/">Etterretning, -overvåking, frihet og sikkerhet</a> - Dagbladet.no</li> - -<li>2013-12-17 -<a href="http://www.nrk.no/verden/snowden-vil-ha-asyl-i-brasil-1.11423444">Snowden -angriper USA i åpent brev</a> - nrk.no</li> - -<li>2013-12-17 -<a href="http://www.digi.no/925820/rettslig-nederlag-for-etterretning">Rettslig -nederlag for etterretning</a> - digi.no</li> - -<li>2013-12-21 -<a href="http://www.dagbladet.no/2013/12/21/kultur/meninger/hovedkommentar/kommentar/etterretning/30963284/">Truende -nedkjøling</a> - dagbladet.no</li> - -<li>2013-12-20 -<a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/viten/Matematikk-og-forstaelse-7411849.html">Matematikk -og forståelse</a> - aftenposten.no</li> - -<li>2013-10-20 -<a href="http://www.nrk.no/viten/ny-studie_sovn-reinser-hjernen-var-1.11306106">Vi -søv for å reinse hjernen vår, ifølgje ny studie</a> - nrk.no</li> - -<li>2013-12-11 -<a href="http://www.nrk.no/buskerud/julebaksten-i-vasken-1.11410033">Rotterace -i kloakken</a> - nrk.no</li> - -<li>2013-12-30 -<a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/viten/Apne-brev-og-frie-tanker-7413734.html">Åpne -brev og frie tanker</a> - aftenposten.no</li> - -<li>2014-01-12 -<a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/viten/Stopp-kunnskapsapartheidet-7428229.html">Stopp dagens kunnskapsapartheid!</a> - aftenposten.no</li> - -<li>2014-01-09 -<a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/uriks/EU-rapport-Britisk-og-amerikansk-overvaking-ser-ut-til-a-vare-ulovlig-7428933.html">EU-rapport: -Britisk og amerikansk overvåking ser ut til å være ulovlig</a> - -aftenposten.no</li> - -<li>2013-10-23 Professor Jan Arild Audestad -<a href="http://www.digi.no/924008/advarer-mot-konspirasjonsteori">Advarer -mot konspirasjonsteori</a> i digi.no og sier han ikke tror NSA kan -avlytte mobiltelefoner, mens han noen måneder senere forteller:</li> - -<li>2014-01-09 -<a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/iriks/--Vi-ble-presset-til-a-svekke-mobilsikkerheten-pa-80-tallet-7410467.html">- -Vi ble presset til å svekke mobilsikkerheten på 80-tallet</a> - -aftenposten.no</li> - -<li>2014-02-12 -<a href="http://tv.nrk.no/program/koid20005814/et-moete-med-edward-snowden">Et -møte med Edward Snowden</a> - intervju sendt av nrk, tilgjengelig til -2015-01-31</li> - -<li>2014-02-17 -<a href="http://politiken.dk/debat/profiler/jessteinpedersen/ECE2210356/litteraturredaktoeren-helle-thornings-tavshed-om-snowden-er-en-skandale/">Litteraturredaktøren: -Helle Thornings tavshed om Snowden er en skandale</a> - -politiken.dk</li> - -<li>2014-02-21 -<a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/kronikker/Bra-a-ha-en-Storebror-7476734.html">Bra å ha en «Storebror»</a> - aftenposten.no</li> - -<li>2014-02-28 -<a href="http://johnchristianelden.blogg.no/1393536806_narkotikasiktet_stort.html">"Narkotikasiktet -Stortingsmann" - Spillet bak kulissene</a> - John Christian Eldens -blogg</li> - -<li>2014-02-28 -<a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/Heksejakt-pa-hasjbrukere-7486283.html">Heksejakt -på hasjbrukere</a> - aftenposten.no</li> - -</ul> - - - - - New home and release 1.0 for netgroup and innetgr (aka ng-utils) - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/New_home_and_release_1_0_for_netgroup_and_innetgr__aka_ng_utils_.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/New_home_and_release_1_0_for_netgroup_and_innetgr__aka_ng_utils_.html - Sat, 22 Feb 2014 21:45:00 +0100 - <p>Many years ago, I wrote a GPL licensed version of the netgroup and -innetgr tools, because I needed them in -<a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>. I called the project -ng-utils, and it has served me well. I placed the project under the -<a href="http://www.hungry.com/">Hungry Programmer</a> umbrella, and it was maintained in our CVS -repository. But many years ago, the CVS repository was dropped (lost, -not migrated to new hardware, not sure), and the project have lacked a -proper home since then.</p> - -<p>Last summer, I had a look at the package and made a new release -fixing a irritating crash bug, but was unable to store the changes in -a proper source control system. I applied for a project on -<a href="https://alioth.debian.org/">Alioth</a>, but did not have time -to follow up on it. Until today. :)</p> - -<p>After many hours of cleaning and migration, the ng-utils project -now have a new home, and a git repository with the highlight of the -history of the project. I published all release tarballs and imported -them into the git repository. As the project is really stable and not -expected to gain new features any time soon, I decided to make a new -release and call it 1.0. Visit the new project home on -<a href="https://alioth.debian.org/projects/ng-utils/">https://alioth.debian.org/projects/ng-utils/</a> -if you want to check it out. The new version is also uploaded into -<a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/n/ng-utils.html">Debian Unstable</a>.</p> - - - - - Testing sysvinit from experimental in Debian Hurd - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Testing_sysvinit_from_experimental_in_Debian_Hurd.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Testing_sysvinit_from_experimental_in_Debian_Hurd.html - Mon, 3 Feb 2014 13:40:00 +0100 - <p>A few days ago I decided to try to help the Hurd people to get -their changes into sysvinit, to allow them to use the normal sysvinit -boot system instead of their old one. This follow up on the -<a href="https://teythoon.cryptobitch.de//categories/gsoc.html">great -Google Summer of Code work</a> done last summer by Justus Winter to -get Debian on Hurd working more like Debian on Linux. To get started, -I downloaded a prebuilt hard disk image from -<a href="http://ftp.debian-ports.org/debian-cd/hurd-i386/current/debian-hurd.img.tar.gz">http://ftp.debian-ports.org/debian-cd/hurd-i386/current/debian-hurd.img.tar.gz</a>, -and started it using virt-manager.</p> - -<p>The first think I had to do after logging in (root without any -password) was to get the network operational. I followed -<a href="https://www.debian.org/ports/hurd/hurd-install">the -instructions on the Debian GNU/Hurd ports page</a> and ran these -commands as root to get the machine to accept a IP address from the -kvm internal DHCP server:</p> + Speeding up the Debian installer using eatmydata and dpkg-divert + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Speeding_up_the_Debian_installer_using_eatmydata_and_dpkg_divert.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Speeding_up_the_Debian_installer_using_eatmydata_and_dpkg_divert.html + Tue, 16 Sep 2014 14:00:00 +0200 + <p>The <a href="https://www.debian.org/">Debian</a> installer could be +a lot quicker. When we install more than 2000 packages in +<a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a> using +tasksel in the installer, unpacking the binary packages take forever. +A part of the slow I/O issue was discussed in +<a href="https://bugs.debian.org/613428">bug #613428</a> about too +much file system sync-ing done by dpkg, which is the package +responsible for unpacking the binary packages. Other parts (like code +executed by postinst scripts) might also sync to disk during +installation. All this sync-ing to disk do not really make sense to +me. If the machine crash half-way through, I start over, I do not try +to salvage the half installed system. So the failure sync-ing is +supposed to protect against, hardware or system crash, is not really +relevant while the installer is running.</p> + +<p>A few days ago, I thought of a way to get rid of all the file +system sync()-ing in a fairly non-intrusive way, without the need to +change the code in several packages. The idea is not new, but I have +not heard anyone propose the approach using dpkg-divert before. It +depend on the small and clever package +<a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/eatmydata">eatmydata</a>, which +uses LD_PRELOAD to replace the system functions for syncing data to +disk with functions doing nothing, thus allowing programs to live +dangerous while speeding up disk I/O significantly. Instead of +modifying the implementation of dpkg, apt and tasksel (which are the +packages responsible for selecting, fetching and installing packages), +it occurred to me that we could just divert the programs away, replace +them with a simple shell wrapper calling +"eatmydata&nbsp;$program&nbsp;$@", to get the same effect. +Two days ago I decided to test the idea, and wrapped up a simple +implementation for the Debian Edu udeb.</p> + +<p>The effect was stunning. In my first test it reduced the running +time of the pkgsel step (installing tasks) from 64 to less than 44 +minutes (20 minutes shaved off the installation) on an old Dell +Latitude D505 machine. I am not quite sure what the optimised time +would have been, as I messed up the testing a bit, causing the debconf +priority to get low enough for two questions to pop up during +installation. As soon as I saw the questions I moved the installation +along, but do not know how long the question were holding up the +installation. I did some more measurements using Debian Edu Jessie, +and got these results. The time measured is the time stamp in +/var/log/syslog between the "pkgsel: starting tasksel" and the +"pkgsel: finishing up" lines, if you want to do the same measurement +yourself. In Debian Edu, the tasksel dialog do not show up, and the +timing thus do not depend on how quickly the user handle the tasksel +dialog.</p> + +<p><table> + +<tr> +<th>Machine/setup</th> +<th>Original tasksel</th> +<th>Optimised tasksel</th> +<th>Reduction</th> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td>Latitude D505 Main+LTSP LXDE</td> +<td>64 min (07:46-08:50)</td> +<td><44 min (11:27-12:11)</td> +<td>>20 min 18%</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td>Latitude D505 Roaming LXDE</td> +<td>57 min (08:48-09:45)</td> +<td>34 min (07:43-08:17)</td> +<td>23 min 40%</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td>Latitude D505 Minimal</td> +<td>22 min (10:37-10:59)</td> +<td>11 min (11:16-11:27)</td> +<td>11 min 50%</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td>Thinkpad X200 Minimal</td> +<td>6 min (08:19-08:25)</td> +<td>4 min (08:04-08:08)</td> +<td>2 min 33%</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td>Thinkpad X200 Roaming KDE</td> +<td>19 min (09:21-09:40)</td> +<td>15 min (10:25-10:40)</td> +<td>4 min 21%</td> +</tr> + +</table></p> + +<p>The test is done using a netinst ISO on a USB stick, so some of the +time is spent downloading packages. The connection to the Internet +was 100Mbit/s during testing, so downloading should not be a +significant factor in the measurement. Download typically took a few +seconds to a few minutes, depending on the amount of packages being +installed.</p> + +<p>The speedup is implemented by using two hooks in +<a href="https://www.debian.org/devel/debian-installer/">Debian +Installer</a>, the pre-pkgsel.d hook to set up the diverts, and the +finish-install.d hook to remove the divert at the end of the +installation. I picked the pre-pkgsel.d hook instead of the +post-base-installer.d hook because I test using an ISO without the +eatmydata package included, and the post-base-installer.d hook in +Debian Edu can only operate on packages included in the ISO. The +negative effect of this is that I am unable to activate this +optimization for the kernel installation step in d-i. If the code is +moved to the post-base-installer.d hook, the speedup would be larger +for the entire installation.</p> + +<p>I've implemented this in the +<a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/debian-edu-install">debian-edu-install</a> +git repository, and plan to provide the optimization as part of the +Debian Edu installation. If you want to test this yourself, you can +create two files in the installer (or in an udeb). One shell script +need do go into /usr/lib/pre-pkgsel.d/, with content like this:</p> <p><blockquote><pre> -settrans -fgap /dev/netdde /hurd/netdde -kill $(ps -ef|awk '/[p]finet/ { print $2}') -kill $(ps -ef|awk '/[d]evnode/ { print $2}') -dhclient /dev/eth0 +#!/bin/sh +set -e +. /usr/share/debconf/confmodule +info() { + logger -t my-pkgsel "info: $*" +} +error() { + logger -t my-pkgsel "error: $*" +} +override_install() { + apt-install eatmydata || true + if [ -x /target/usr/bin/eatmydata ] ; then + for bin in dpkg apt-get aptitude tasksel ; do + file=/usr/bin/$bin + # Test that the file exist and have not been diverted already. + if [ -f /target$file ] ; then + info "diverting $file using eatmydata" + printf "#!/bin/sh\neatmydata $bin.distrib \"\$@\"\n" \ + > /target$file.edu + chmod 755 /target$file.edu + in-target dpkg-divert --package debian-edu-config \ + --rename --quiet --add $file + ln -sf ./$bin.edu /target$file + else + error "unable to divert $file, as it is missing." + fi + done + else + error "unable to find /usr/bin/eatmydata after installing the eatmydata pacage" + fi +} + +override_install </pre></blockquote></p> -<p>After this, the machine had internet connectivity, and I could -upgrade it and install the sysvinit packages from experimental and -enable it as the default boot system in Hurd.</p> - -<p>But before I did that, I set a password on the root user, as ssh is -running on the machine it for ssh login to work a password need to be -set. Also, note that a bug somewhere in openssh on Hurd block -compression from working. Remember to turn that off on the client -side.</p> - -<p>Run these commands as root to upgrade and test the new sysvinit -stuff:</p> +<p>To clean up, another shell script should go into +/usr/lib/finish-install.d/ with code like this: <p><blockquote><pre> -cat > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/experimental.list &lt;&lt;EOF -deb http://http.debian.net/debian/ experimental main -EOF -apt-get update -apt-get dist-upgrade -apt-get install -t experimental initscripts sysv-rc sysvinit \ - sysvinit-core sysvinit-utils -update-alternatives --config runsystem +#! /bin/sh -e +. /usr/share/debconf/confmodule +error() { + logger -t my-finish-install "error: $@" +} +remove_install_override() { + for bin in dpkg apt-get aptitude tasksel ; do + file=/usr/bin/$bin + if [ -x /target$file.edu ] ; then + rm /target$file + in-target dpkg-divert --package debian-edu-config \ + --rename --quiet --remove $file + rm /target$file.edu + else + error "Missing divert for $file." + fi + done + sync # Flush file buffers before continuing +} + +remove_install_override </pre></blockquote></p> -<p>To reboot after switching boot system, you have to use -<tt>reboot-hurd</tt> instead of just <tt>reboot</tt>, as there is not -yet a sysvinit process able to receive the signals from the normal -'reboot' command. After switching to sysvinit as the boot system, -upgrading every package and rebooting, the network come up with DHCP -after boot as it should, and the settrans/pkill hack mentioned at the -start is no longer needed. But for some strange reason, there are no -longer any login prompt in the virtual console, so I logged in using -ssh instead. - -<p>Note that there are some race conditions in Hurd making the boot -fail some times. No idea what the cause is, but hope the Hurd porters -figure it out. At least Justus said on IRC (#debian-hurd on -irc.debian.org) that they are aware of the problem. A way to reduce -the impact is to upgrade to the Hurd packages built by Justus by -adding this repository to the machine:</p> +<p>In Debian Edu, I placed both code fragments in a separate script +edu-eatmydata-install and call it from the pre-pkgsel.d and +finish-install.d scripts.</p> + +<p>By now you might ask if this change should get into the normal +Debian installer too? I suspect it should, but am not sure the +current debian-installer coordinators find it useful enough. It also +depend on the side effects of the change. I'm not aware of any, but I +guess we will see if the change is safe after some more testing. +Perhaps there is some package in Debian depending on sync() and +fsync() having effect? Perhaps it should go into its own udeb, to +allow those of us wanting to enable it to do so without affecting +everyone.</p> + +<p>Update 2014-09-24: Since a few days ago, enabling this optimization +will break installation of all programs using gnutls because of +<ahref="https://bugs.debian.org/702711">bug #702711. An updated +eatmydata package in Debian will solve it.</p> + + + + + Good bye subkeys.pgp.net, welcome pool.sks-keyservers.net + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Good_bye_subkeys_pgp_net__welcome_pool_sks_keyservers_net.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Good_bye_subkeys_pgp_net__welcome_pool_sks_keyservers_net.html + Wed, 10 Sep 2014 13:10:00 +0200 + <p>Yesterday, I had the pleasure of attending a talk with the +<a href="http://www.nuug.no/">Norwegian Unix User Group</a> about +<a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20140909-sks-keyservers/">the +OpenPGP keyserver pool sks-keyservers.net</a>, and was very happy to +learn that there is a large set of publicly available key servers to +use when looking for peoples public key. So far I have used +subkeys.pgp.net, and some times wwwkeys.nl.pgp.net when the former +were misbehaving, but those days are ended. The servers I have used +up until yesterday have been slow and some times unavailable. I hope +those problems are gone now.</p> + +<p>Behind the round robin DNS entry of the +<a href="https://sks-keyservers.net/">sks-keyservers.net</a> service +there is a pool of more than 100 keyservers which are checked every +day to ensure they are well connected and up to date. It must be +better than what I have used so far. :)</p> + +<p>Yesterdays speaker told me that the service is the default +keyserver provided by the default configuration in GnuPG, but this do +not seem to be used in Debian. Perhaps it should?</p> + +<p>Anyway, I've updated my ~/.gnupg/options file to now include this +line:</p> <p><blockquote><pre> -cat > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/hurd-ci.list &lt;&lt;EOF -deb http://darnassus.sceen.net/~teythoon/hurd-ci/ sid main -EOF +keyserver pool.sks-keyservers.net </pre></blockquote></p> -<p>At the moment the prebuilt virtual machine get some packages from -http://ftp.debian-ports.org/debian, because some of the packages in -unstable do not yet include the required patches that are lingering in -BTS. This is the completely list of "unofficial" packages installed:</p> +<p>With GnuPG version 2 one can also locate the keyserver using SRV +entries in DNS. Just for fun, I did just that at work, so now every +user of GnuPG at the University of Oslo should find a OpenGPG +keyserver automatically should their need it:</p> <p><blockquote><pre> -# aptitude search '?narrow(?version(CURRENT),?origin(Debian Ports))' -i emacs - GNU Emacs editor (metapackage) -i gdb - GNU Debugger -i hurd-recommended - Miscellaneous translators -i isc-dhcp-client - ISC DHCP client -i isc-dhcp-common - common files used by all the isc-dhcp* packages -i libc-bin - Embedded GNU C Library: Binaries -i libc-dev-bin - Embedded GNU C Library: Development binaries -i libc0.3 - Embedded GNU C Library: Shared libraries -i A libc0.3-dbg - Embedded GNU C Library: detached debugging symbols -i libc0.3-dev - Embedded GNU C Library: Development Libraries and Hea -i multiarch-support - Transitional package to ensure multiarch compatibilit -i A x11-common - X Window System (X.Org) infrastructure -i xorg - X.Org X Window System -i A xserver-xorg - X.Org X server -i A xserver-xorg-input-all - X.Org X server -- input driver metapackage -# +% host -t srv _pgpkey-http._tcp.uio.no +_pgpkey-http._tcp.uio.no has SRV record 0 100 11371 pool.sks-keyservers.net. +% </pre></blockquote></p> -<p>All in all, testing hurd has been an interesting experience. :) -X.org did not work out of the box and I never took the time to follow -the porters instructions to fix it. This time I was interested in the -command line stuff.<p> +<p>Now if only +<a href="http://ietfreport.isoc.org/idref/draft-shaw-openpgp-hkp/">the +HKP lookup protocol</a> supported finding signature paths, I would be +very happy. It can look up a given key or search for a user ID, but I +normally do not want that, but to find a trust path from my key to +another key. Given a user ID or key ID, I would like to find (and +download) the keys representing a signature path from my key to the +key in question, to be able to get a trust path between the two keys. +This is as far as I can tell not possible today. Perhaps something +for a future version of the protocol?</p> - A fist full of non-anonymous Bitcoins - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_fist_full_of_non_anonymous_Bitcoins.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_fist_full_of_non_anonymous_Bitcoins.html - Wed, 29 Jan 2014 14:10:00 +0100 - <p>Bitcoin is a incredible use of peer to peer communication and -encryption, allowing direct and immediate money transfer without any -central control. It is sometimes claimed to be ideal for illegal -activity, which I believe is quite a long way from the truth. At least -I would not conduct illegal money transfers using a system where the -details of every transaction are kept forever. This point is -investigated in -<a href="https://www.usenix.org/publications/login">USENIX ;login:</a> -from December 2013, in the article -"<a href="https://www.usenix.org/system/files/login/articles/03_meiklejohn-online.pdf">A -Fistful of Bitcoins - Characterizing Payments Among Men with No -Names</a>" by Sarah Meiklejohn, Marjori Pomarole,Grant Jordan, Kirill -Levchenko, Damon McCoy, Geoffrey M. Voelker, and Stefan Savage. They -analyse the transaction log in the Bitcoin system, using it to find -addresses belong to individuals and organisations and follow the flow -of money from both Bitcoin theft and trades on Silk Road to where the -money end up. This is how they wrap up their article:</p> + Do you need an agreement with MPEG-LA to publish and broadcast H.264 video in Norway? + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Do_you_need_an_agreement_with_MPEG_LA_to_publish_and_broadcast_H_264_video_in_Norway_.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Do_you_need_an_agreement_with_MPEG_LA_to_publish_and_broadcast_H_264_video_in_Norway_.html + Mon, 25 Aug 2014 22:10:00 +0200 + <p>Two years later, I am still not sure if it is legal here in Norway +to use or publish a video in H.264 or MPEG4 format edited by the +commercially licensed video editors, without limiting the use to +create "personal" or "non-commercial" videos or get a license +agreement with <a href="http://www.mpegla.com">MPEG LA</a>. If one +want to publish and broadcast video in a non-personal or commercial +setting, it might be that those tools can not be used, or that video +format can not be used, without breaking their copyright license. I +am not sure. +<a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Trenger_en_avtale_med_MPEG_LA_for___publisere_og_kringkaste_H_264_video_.html">Back +then</a>, I found that the copyright license terms for Adobe Premiere +and Apple Final Cut Pro both specified that one could not use the +program to produce anything else without a patent license from MPEG +LA. The issue is not limited to those two products, though. Other +much used products like those from Avid and Sorenson Media have terms +of use are similar to those from Adobe and Apple. The complicating +factor making me unsure if those terms have effect in Norway or not is +that the patents in question are not valid in Norway, but copyright +licenses are.</p> + +<p>These are the terms for Avid Artist Suite, according to their +<a href="http://www.avid.com/US/about-avid/legal-notices/legal-enduserlicense2">published +end user</a> +<a href="http://www.avid.com/static/resources/common/documents/corporate/LICENSE.pdf">license +text</a> (converted to lower case text for easier reading):</p> <p><blockquote> -<p>"To demonstrate the usefulness of this type of analysis, we turned -our attention to criminal activity. In the Bitcoin economy, criminal -activity can appear in a number of forms, such as dealing drugs on -Silk Road or simply stealing someone else’s bitcoins. We followed the -flow of bitcoins out of Silk Road (in particular, from one notorious -address) and from a number of highly publicized thefts to see whether -we could track the bitcoins to known services. Although some of the -thieves attempted to use sophisticated mixing techniques (or possibly -mix services) to obscure the flow of bitcoins, for the most part -tracking the bitcoins was quite straightforward, and we ultimately saw -large quantities of bitcoins flow to a variety of exchanges directly -from the point of theft (or the withdrawal from Silk Road).</p> - -<p>As acknowledged above, following stolen bitcoins to the point at -which they are deposited into an exchange does not in itself identify -the thief; however, it does enable further de-anonymization in the -case in which certain agencies can determine (through, for example, -subpoena power) the real-world owner of the account into which the -stolen bitcoins were deposited. Because such exchanges seem to serve -as chokepoints into and out of the Bitcoin economy (i.e., there are -few alternative ways to cash out), we conclude that using Bitcoin for -money laundering or other illicit purposes does not (at least at -present) seem to be particularly attractive."</p> -</blockquote><p> - -<p>These researches are not the first to analyse the Bitcoin -transaction log. The 2011 paper -"<a href="http://arxiv.org/abs/1107.4524">An Analysis of Anonymity in -the Bitcoin System</A>" by Fergal Reid and Martin Harrigan is -summarized like this:</p> +<p>18.2. MPEG-4. MPEG-4 technology may be included with the +software. MPEG LA, L.L.C. requires this notice: </p> + +<p>This product is licensed under the MPEG-4 visual patent portfolio +license for the personal and non-commercial use of a consumer for (i) +encoding video in compliance with the MPEG-4 visual standard (“MPEG-4 +video”) and/or (ii) decoding MPEG-4 video that was encoded by a +consumer engaged in a personal and non-commercial activity and/or was +obtained from a video provider licensed by MPEG LA to provide MPEG-4 +video. No license is granted or shall be implied for any other +use. Additional information including that relating to promotional, +internal and commercial uses and licensing may be obtained from MPEG +LA, LLC. See http://www.mpegla.com. This product is licensed under +the MPEG-4 systems patent portfolio license for encoding in compliance +with the MPEG-4 systems standard, except that an additional license +and payment of royalties are necessary for encoding in connection with +(i) data stored or replicated in physical media which is paid for on a +title by title basis and/or (ii) data which is paid for on a title by +title basis and is transmitted to an end user for permanent storage +and/or use, such additional license may be obtained from MPEG LA, +LLC. See http://www.mpegla.com for additional details.</p> + +<p>18.3. H.264/AVC. H.264/AVC technology may be included with the +software. MPEG LA, L.L.C. requires this notice:</p> + +<p>This product is licensed under the AVC patent portfolio license for +the personal use of a consumer or other uses in which it does not +receive remuneration to (i) encode video in compliance with the AVC +standard (“AVC video”) and/or (ii) decode AVC video that was encoded +by a consumer engaged in a personal activity and/or was obtained from +a video provider licensed to provide AVC video. No license is granted +or shall be implied for any other use. Additional information may be +obtained from MPEG LA, L.L.C. See http://www.mpegla.com.</p> +</blockquote></p> + +<p>Note the requirement that the videos created can only be used for +personal or non-commercial purposes.</p> + +<p>The Sorenson Media software have +<a href="http://www.sorensonmedia.com/terms/">similar terms</a>:</p> <p><blockquote> -"Anonymity in Bitcoin, a peer-to-peer electronic currency system, is a -complicated issue. Within the system, users are identified by -public-keys only. An attacker wishing to de-anonymize its users will -attempt to construct the one-to-many mapping between users and -public-keys and associate information external to the system with the -users. Bitcoin tries to prevent this attack by storing the mapping of -a user to his or her public-keys on that user's node only and by -allowing each user to generate as many public-keys as required. In -this chapter we consider the topological structure of two networks -derived from Bitcoin's public transaction history. We show that the -two networks have a non-trivial topological structure, provide -complementary views of the Bitcoin system and have implications for -anonymity. We combine these structures with external information and -techniques such as context discovery and flow analysis to investigate -an alleged theft of Bitcoins, which, at the time of the theft, had a -market value of approximately half a million U.S. dollars." -</blockquote></p> -<p>I hope these references can help kill the urban myth that Bitcoin -is anonymous. It isn't really a good fit for illegal activites. Use -cash if you need to stay anonymous, at least until regular DNA -sampling of notes and coins become the norm. :)</p> +<p>With respect to a license from Sorenson pertaining to MPEG-4 Video +Decoders and/or Encoders: Any such product is licensed under the +MPEG-4 visual patent portfolio license for the personal and +non-commercial use of a consumer for (i) encoding video in compliance +with the MPEG-4 visual standard (“MPEG-4 video”) and/or (ii) decoding +MPEG-4 video that was encoded by a consumer engaged in a personal and +non-commercial activity and/or was obtained from a video provider +licensed by MPEG LA to provide MPEG-4 video. No license is granted or +shall be implied for any other use. Additional information including +that relating to promotional, internal and commercial uses and +licensing may be obtained from MPEG LA, LLC. See +http://www.mpegla.com.</p> + +<p>With respect to a license from Sorenson pertaining to MPEG-4 +Consumer Recorded Data Encoder, MPEG-4 Systems Internet Data Encoder, +MPEG-4 Mobile Data Encoder, and/or MPEG-4 Unique Use Encoder: Any such +product is licensed under the MPEG-4 systems patent portfolio license +for encoding in compliance with the MPEG-4 systems standard, except +that an additional license and payment of royalties are necessary for +encoding in connection with (i) data stored or replicated in physical +media which is paid for on a title by title basis and/or (ii) data +which is paid for on a title by title basis and is transmitted to an +end user for permanent storage and/or use. Such additional license may +be obtained from MPEG LA, LLC. See http://www.mpegla.com for +additional details.</p> + +</blockquote></p> -<p>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my -activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address -<b><a href="bitcoin:15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b&label=PetterReinholdtsenBlog">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b</a></b>.</p> +<p>Some free software like +<a href="https://handbrake.fr/">Handbrake</A> and +<a href="http://ffmpeg.org/">FFMPEG</a> uses GPL/LGPL licenses and do +not have any such terms included, so for those, there is no +requirement to limit the use to personal and non-commercial.</p> - New chrpath release 0.16 - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/New_chrpath_release_0_16.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/New_chrpath_release_0_16.html - Tue, 14 Jan 2014 11:00:00 +0100 - <p><a href="http://www.coverity.com/">Coverity</a> is a nice tool to -find problems in C, C++ and Java code using static source code -analysis. It can detect a lot of different problems, and is very -useful to find memory and locking bugs in the error handling part of -the source. The company behind it provide -<a href="https://scan.coverity.com/">check of free software projects as -a community service</a>, and many hundred free software projects are -already checked. A few days ago I decided to have a closer look at -the Coverity system, and discovered that the -<a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/gnash/">gnash</a> and -<a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/ipmitool/">ipmitool</a> -projects I am involved with was already registered. But these are -fairly big, and I would also like to have a small and easy project to -check, and decided to <a href="http://scan.coverity.com/projects/1179">request -checking of the chrpath project</a>. It was -added to the checker and discovered seven potential defects. Six of -these were real, mostly resource "leak" when the program detected an -error. Nothing serious, as the resources would be released a fraction -of a second later when the program exited because of the error, but it -is nice to do it right in case the source of the program some time in -the future end up in a library. Having fixed all defects and added -<a href="https://lists.alioth.debian.org/mailman/listinfo/chrpath-devel">a -mailing list for the chrpath developers</a>, I decided it was time to -publish a new release. These are the release notes:</p> - -<p>New in 0.16 released 2014-01-14:</p> - -<ul> - - <li>Fixed all minor bugs discovered by Coverity.</li> - <li>Updated config.sub and config.guess from the GNU project.</li> - <li>Mention new project mailing list in the documentation.</li> - -</ul> - -<p>You can -<a href="https://alioth.debian.org/frs/?group_id=31052">download the -new version 0.16 from alioth</a>. Please let us know via the Alioth -project if something is wrong with the new release. The test suite -did not discover any old errors, so if you find a new one, please also -include a test suite check.</p> + Lenker for 2014-08-03 + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenker_for_2014_08_03.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenker_for_2014_08_03.html + Sun, 3 Aug 2014 23:00:00 +0200 + <p>Lenge siden jeg har hatt tid til å publisere lenker til skriverier +jeg har hatt glede og nytte av av å lese. Her er en liten norsk +lenkesamling.</p> + +<p><ul> + +<li><a href="http://www.nrk.no/ytring/sjoslag-om-fiskemilliardene-1.11576109">Sjøslag +om fiskemilliardene</a> (NRK Ytring 2014-03-03) - litt om hvordan de +norske felles matressurser røves fra felleskapet.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/Matkrisen-kan-komme-til-Norge-7522341.html">Matkrisen +kan komme til Norge</a> (Aftenposten 2014-4-01) - hvordan miljøendringene vil gjøre matproduksjonen i Norge mer sårbar.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.nrk.no/ytring/norge-trenger-kornlager-1.11726744">Norge +trenger kornlager</a> (NRK Ytring 2014-06-07) Chr. Anton Smedshaug +forteller litt om Norges sårbare matsituasjon etter at Staten solgte +Norges kornlager.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.nrk.no/norge/pst-vil-overvake-datatastaturer-1.11583286">PST +vil overvåke datatastaturer</a> (NRK 2014-03-04) - PST ønsker retten +til å bryte seg inn på private PC-er og legge inn spionprogrammer. +Hvilket nok vil gjøre Linux mer populært, men gjør at en i enda mindre +grad enn i dag kan stole på datamaskiner - neppe en god ide for +samfunnet totalt sett.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.osloby.no/nyheter/Ruter-fremstar-som-et-pobelvelde-7490624.html">«Ruter +fremstår som et pøbelvelde»</a> (OsloBy 2014-03-05) - et eksempel på +hvordan kollektivtransportselskapet i Oslo håndterer sine kunder.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.dagbladet.no/2014/03/05/nyheter/dbtv/reklame/clear_channel/32123808/">Clear +Channel nektet å vise Greenpeace-reklame i Oslo</a> (Dagbladet +2014-03-05) - forteller litt om hvordan hvilke budskap som når ut i +det offentlige rom kontrolleres i Norge.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.dagbladet.no/2014/03/06/kultur/meninger/debattinnlegg/kronikk/22_juli/32175854/">Svarte +ikke på kritikken</a> (Dagbladet 2014-03-06) - innlegg fra Norsk +presseforbund der de nok en gang tar opp det forkastelige i at +politiet nå har full tilgang til å bedrive telefonkontroll av +advokater.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/uriks/Putin-spiller-poker_-ikke-sjakk-I-sjakk-har-man-regler-7495368.html">«Putin +spiller poker, ikke sjakk. I sjakk har man regler.»</a> (Aftenposten +2014-03-08) - sjakklegenden Kasparov forklarer litt om hvordan han ser +at Russlands politikk fungerer, blant annet i lys av started av +Ukraina-krisen.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/kronikker/I-seng-med-fienden-7492605.html">I +seng med fienden</a> (Aftenposten 2014-03-10) - kronikk fra Eirik +H. Vinje om hvordan menn og kvinner settes opp mot hverandre i det +offentlige ordskiftet, kanskje på sviktende grunnlag.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/amagasinet/Hvor-er-elevene-7501690.html">Fritt +frem for skulk</a> (Aftenposten 2014-03-14) - skildring av hvordan +norske elever i dag ikke lenger har rimelig krav om oppmøte på +skolen.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/digital/Datalagringsdirektiv-avslorte-abort_-sykdom-og-vapenkjop--7503014.html">«Datalagringsdirektiv» +avslørte abort, sykdom og våpenkjøp</a> (Aftenposten 2014-03-14) - om +hvordan forskere har dokumentert hvordan innsamling av metadata om +telefoni og Internett-bruk kan være svært avslørende.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.dagbladet.no/2014/03/14/kultur/meninger/ideer/lordagskommentaren/agnes_ravatn/32302856/">Konsentrasjonssvikt +på pensum</a> (Dagbladet 2014-03-14) - Kommentar om hvordan (feil) +bruk IKT i skolen kan ødelegge mer enn det bidrar til læring.</li> + +<li><a href="http://doremusnor.wordpress.com/2014/02/09/reservasjonsrettsstaten/">Reservasjonsrettsstaten</a> +(blogg fra Doremus 2014-02-09) - morsom beskrivelse om hvordan +regjeringens forslag til reservasjonsrett for leger kan utvides til å +gjelde alles samvittighet.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/kronikker/Autoritar-gjokunge-7514915.html">Autoritær +gjøkunge</a> (Aftenposten 2014-03-25) - Kronikk av Bjørn Stærk om +snurpenots-overvåkningen som varsleren Snowden dokumenterte.</li> + +<li><a href="http://blogg.friprog.no/2014/03/leveransekrise-i-offentlig-sektor-mener-mike-bracken-executive-director-of-digital-in-the-cabinet-office/">Leveransekrise +i Offentlig sektor – mener Mike Bracken, Executive Director of Digital +in the Cabinet Office</a> (blogg fra Friprog-senteret 2014-03-26).</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.dagbladet.no/2014/03/26/kultur/meninger/kronikk/etiopia/avlytting/32499687/">Norge +må stanse avlyttingen</a> (Dagbladet 2014-03-26) - leserinnlegg fra +Felix Horne der han ber om at Norge gjør en innsats for å få slutt på +overvåkning av innbyggerne som gjøres i Norge av Etiopiske +myndigheter.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/kronikker/Demokrati-er-ingen-naturlig-styreform-7521957.html">Demokrati +er ingen naturlig styreform</a> (Aftenposten 2014-04-01) - kronikk av +Stein Ringen om hvordan demokrati som styreform går tapt når +innbyggerne tar det for gitt.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.nrk.no/ytring/ytringsansvar-ere-enhver-tilladte_-1.11618934">Ytringsansvar +ere Enhver tilladte!</a> (NRK Ytring 2014-04-01) - innspill fra Trygve +Svensson og Helge Svare om at hver enkelt av oss har et ansvar for å +ytre oss i den offentlige debatten.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/Jeg-er-ingen-god-samfunnsborger-7527128.html">Jeg +er ingen god samfunnsborger</a> (Aftenposten 2014-04-16), kronikk av +Simen Tveitereid om alternative måter å motiveres i samfunnet, uten å +hige etter mer penger og flere ting.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/debatt/Avgjorelsen-far-umiddelbar-virkning-7531811.html">DLD-dommen: +Avgjørelsen får umiddelbar virkning</a> (Aftenposten 2014-04-10) - +kronikk av Høyres Michael Tetzschner, en partiutbryter i DLD-saken som +stemte nei til DLD i Stortinget i 2011.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.uhuru.biz/?p=1466">Datalagringsdirektivets +endelikt</a> (blogg fra John Wessel-Aas 2014-04-11) - oppsummering +av hvordan direktivet ble funnet ugyldig i EU-domstolen.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.vg.no/nyheter/meninger/kronikk-kapitulasjonspresidenten/a/10147713/">Kronikk: +Kapitulasjonspresidenten</a> (VG 2014-04-22) - kronikk av Einar +Kr. Steffenak om hvordan Stortingspresidenten og regjeringen viser sin +prinsippløshet i møte med Kina.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/kronikker/Innerst-inne-er-alle-nordmenn-7542617.html">Innerst +inne er alle nordmenn</a> (Aftenposten 2014-04-27) - kronikk fra Bjørn +Stærk om hvordan vi i Vesten i stor grad baserer oss på en fantasi om +at alle i verden bærer på en drøm om å bli som oss.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/viten/uviten/Det-italienske-senatet-gav-seg-selv-134-milliarder-euro-i-sluttpakke--7575312.html">Det +italienske senatet gav seg selv 134 milliarder euro i sluttpakke</a> +(Aftenposten 2014-06-19) - forsker Simen Gaure forteller hvordan +løgner og fantasi fra nettkilder i stor grad blir akseptert som +sannhet - antagelig også av deg og meg.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.dagbladet.no/2014/05/30/kultur/meninger/kronikk/skole/33576392/">Et +forsvar for bråkmakerne</a> (Dagbladet 2014-05-30) - kronikk av Dag +Øystein Nome som beskriver hvordan dagens skole ikke fungerer så godt +for mange elever.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.osloby.no/nyheter/Betalte-med-slitt-seddel---havnet-i-arresten-7617208.html">Betalte +med slitt seddel - havnet i arresten</a> (Osloby 2014-06-25)) - +dokumentasjon av Oslopolitiets angrep på vår alles rett til å ferdes +uten elektronisk sporing. Jeg bruker kontanter i så stor grad som +mulig da banken ikke har noe med hvor jeg er og hva jeg kjøper. Vi +som gjør dette risikerer som beskrevet overgrep som frihetsberøvelse +og registrering og lagring av fingeravtrykk og bilde i politiets +database over mistenkte.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/leder/Fredsprisen-til-Snowden-7620422.html">Fredsprisen +til Snowden</a> (Aftenposten 2014-06-28) - leder som forklarer hvorfor +varsleren Snowden bør få fredsprisen.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.dagbladet.no/2014/08/01/kultur/meninger/dbmener/leder1/34598010/">Strategi +for politistaten</a> (Dagbladet 2014-08-01) - leder som advarer om +sterke krefter som bruker terrortrusselen til å lirke Norge nærmere å +bli en politistat.</li> + +<li><a href="http://www.nrk.no/ytring/vi-ma-tenke-nytt-om-narkotika-1.11859322">Vi +må tenke nytt om narkotika</a> (NRK Ytring 2014-08-03) - Mark Lewis +forklarer hvorfor legalisering og offentlig kontroll av +narkotikamarkedet er mye bedre enn å overlate det til kriminelle.</li> + + +</ul></p> - Debian Edu interview: Dominik George - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Dominik_George.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Dominik_George.html - Wed, 25 Dec 2013 13:40:00 +0100 - <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux -project</a> consist of both newcomers and old timers, and this time I -was able to get an interview with a newcomer in the project who showed -up on the IRC channel a few weeks ago to let us know about his -successful installation of Debian Edu Wheezy in his School. Say hello -to <a href="https://www.ohloh.net/accounts/Natureshadow">Dominik -George</a>.</p> - -<!-- http://www.dominik-george.de/images/foto.jpg --> + Debian Edu interview: Bernd Zeitzen + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Bernd_Zeitzen.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Bernd_Zeitzen.html + Thu, 31 Jul 2014 08:30:00 +0200 + <p>The complete and free “out of the box” software solution for +schools, <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / +Skolelinux</a>, is used quite a lot in Germany, and one of the people +involved is Bernd Zeitzen, who show up on the project mailing lists +from time to time with interesting questions and tips on how to adjust +the setup. I managed to interview him this summer.</p> <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p> -<p>I am a 23 year-old student from Germany who has spent half of his -life with open source. In "real life", I am, as already mentioned, a -student in the fields of Computer Science, Electrical Engineering, -Information Technologies and Anglistics. Due to my (only partially -voluntary) huge engagement in the open source world, these things are -a bit vacant right now however.</p> - -<p>I also have been working as a project teacher at a Gymasnium -(public school) for various years now. I took up that work some time -around 2005 when still attending that school myself and have continued -it until today. I also had been running the (kind of very advanced) -network of that school together with a team of very interested and -talented students in the age of 11 to 15 years, who took the chance to -learn a lot about open source and networking before I left the school -to help building another school's informational education concept from -scratch.</p> - -<p>That said, one might see me as a kind of "glue" between school kids -and the elderly of teachers as well as between the open source -ecosystem and the (even more complex) educational ecosystem.</p> - -<p>When I am not busy with open source or education, I like Geocaching -and cycling.</p> +<p>My name is Bernd Zeitzen and I'm married with Hedda, a self +employed physiotherapist. My former profession is tool maker, but I +haven't worked for 30 years in this job. 30 years ago I started to +support my wife and become her officeworker and a few years later the +administrator for a small computer network, today based on Ubuntu +Server (Samba, OpenVPN). For her daily work she has to use Windows +Desktops because the software she needs to organize her business only +works with Windows . :-(</p> + +<p>In 1988 we started with one PC and DOS, then I learned to use +Windows 98, 2000, XP, …, 8, Ubuntu, MacOSX. Today we are running a +Linux server with 6 Windows clients and 10 persons (teacher of +children with special needs, speech therapist, occupational therapist, +psychologist and officeworkers) using our Samba shares via OpenVPN to +work with the documentations of our patients.</p> <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu project?</strong></p> -<p>I think that happened some time around 2009 when I first attended -<a href="http://www.froscon.org">FrOSCon</a> and visited the project -booth. I think I wasn't too interested back then because I used to -have an attitude of disliking software that does too much stuff on its -own. Maybe I was too inexperienced to realise the upsides of an -"out-of-the-box" solution ;).</p> - -<p>The first time I actively talked to Skolelinux people was at -<a href="http://www.openrheinruhr.de">OpenRheinRuhr</a> 2011 when the -BiscuIT project, a home-grewn software used by my school for various -really cool things from timetables and class contact lists to lunch -ordering, student ID card printing and project elections first got to -a stage where it could have been published. I asked the Skolelinux -guys running the booth if the project were interested in it and gave a -small demonstration, but there wasn't any real feedback and the guys -seemed rather uninterested.</p> - -<p>After I left the school where I developed the software, it got -mostly lost, but I am now reimplementing it for my new school. I have -reusability and compatibility in mind, and I hop there will be a new -basis for contributing it to the Skolelinux project ;)!</p> +<p>Two years ago a friend of mine asked me, if I want to get a job in +his school (<a href="http://www.gymnasium-harsewinkel.de/">Gymnasium +Harsewinkel</a>). They started with Skolelinux / Debian Edu and they +were looking for people to give support to the teachers using the +software and the network and teaching the pupils increasing their +computer skills in optional lessons. I'm spending 4-6 hours a week +with this job.</p> <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian Edu?</strong></p> -<p>The most important advantage seems to be that it "just -works". After overcoming some minor (but still very annoying) glitches -in the installer, I got a fully functional, working school network, -without the month-long hassle I experienced when setting all that up -from scratch in earlier years. And above that, it rocked - I didn't -have any real hardware at hand, because the school was just founded -and has no money whatsoever, so I installed a combined server (main -server, terminal services and workstation) in a VM on my personal -notebook, bridging the LTSP network interface to the ethernet port, -and then PXE-booted the Windows notebooks that were lying around from -it. I could use 8 clients without any performance issues, by using a -tiny little VM on a tiny little notebook. I think that's enough to say -that it rocks!</p> - -<p>Secondly, there are marketing reasons. Life's bad, and so no -politician will ever permit a setup described as "Debian, an universal -operating system, with some really cool educational tools" while they -will be jsut fine with "Skolelinux, a single-purpose solution for your -school network", even if both turn out to be the very same thing (yes, -this is unfair towards the Skolelinux project, and must not be taken -too seriously - you get the idea, anyway).</p> +<p>The independence.</p> -<p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian -Edu?</strong></p> +<p>First: Every person is allowed to use, share and develop the +software. Even if you are poor, you are allowed to use the software +included in Skolelinux/Debian Edu and all the other Free Software.</p> -<p>I have not been involved with Skolelinux long enough to really -answer this question in a fair way. Thus, please allow me to put it in -other words: "What do you expect from Skolelinux to keep liking it?" I -can list a few points about that:</p> +<p>Second: The software runs on old machines and this gives us the +possibility to recycle computers, weeded out from offices. The +servers and desktops are running for more than two years and they are +working reliable. </p> -<ul> +<p>We have two servers (one tjener and one terminal server), 45 +workstations in three classrooms and seven laptops as a mobile +solution for all classrooms. These machines are all booting from the +terminal server. In the moment we are installing 30 laptops as mobile +workstations. Then the pupils have the possibility to work with these +machines in their classrooms. Internet access is realized by a WLAN +router, connected to the schools network. This is all done without a +dedicated system administrator or a computer science teacher.</p> - <li>always strive to get all things integrated into Debian upstream - <li>be open to discussion about changes and the like, even with newcomers - <li>be helpful at being helpful ;) - -</ul> +<p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian +Edu?</strong></p> -<p>I'm really sorry I cannot say much more about that :(!</p> +<p>Teachers and pupils are Windows users. &lt;Irony on&gt; And Linux +isn't cool. It's software for freaks using the command line. &lt;Irony +off&gt; They don't realize the stability of the system. </p> <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p> -<p>First of all, all software I use is free and open. I have abandoned -all non-free software (except for firmware on my darned phone) this -year.</p> - -<p>I run Debian GNU/Linux on all PC systems I use. On that, I mostly -run text tools. I use -<a href="https://www.mirbsd.org/mksh.htm">mksh</a> as shell, -<a href="https://www.mirbsd.org/jupp.htm">jupp</a> as very advanced -text editor (I even got the developer to help me write a script/macro -based full-featured student management software with the two), -<a href="http://mcabber.com/">mcabber</a> for XMPP and -<a href="http://www.irssi.org/">irssi</a> for IRC. For that overly -coloured world called the WWW, I use -<a href="https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/new/">Iceweasel -(Firefox)</a>. Oh, and <a href="http://www.mutt.org/">mutt</a> for -e-mail.</p> - -<p>However, while I am personally aware of the fact that text tools -are more efficient and powerful than anything else, I also use (or at -least operate) some tools that are suitable to bring open source to -kids. One of these things is <a href="http://jappix.org/">Jappix</a>, -which I already introduced to some kids even before they got aware of -Facebook, making them see for themselves that they do not need -Facebook now ;).</p> +<p>Firefox, Thunderbird, LibreOffice, Ubuntu Server 12.04 (Samba, +Apache, MySQL, Joomla!, … and Skolelinux / Debian Edu)</p> <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to get schools to use free software?</strong></p> -<p>Well, that's a two-sided thing. One side is what I believe, and one -side is what I have experienced.</p> - -<p>I believe that the right strategy is showing them the benefits. But -that won't work out as long as the acceptance of free alternatives -grows globally. What I mean is that if all the kids are almost forced -to use Windows, Facebook, Skype, you name it at home, they will not -see why they would want to use alternatives at school. I have seen -students take seat in front of a fully-functional, modern Debian -desktop that could do anything their Windows at home could do, and -they jsut refused to use it because "Linux sucks". It is something -that makes the council of our city spend around 600000 € to buy -software - not including hardware, mind you - for operating school -networks, and for installing a system that, as has been proved, does -not work. For those of you readers who are good at maths, have you -already found out how many lives could have been saved with that money -if we had instead used it to bring education to parts of the world -that need it? I have, and found it to be nothing less dramatic than -plain criminal.</p> - -<p>That said, the only feasible way appears to be the bottom up -method. We have to bring free software to kids and parents. I have -founded an association named -<a href="https://www.teckids.org">Teckids</a> here in Germany that does -just that. We organise several events for kids and adolescents in the -area of free and open source software, for example the -<a href="http://kids.froscon.org">FrogLabs</a>, which share staff with -Teckids and are the youth programme of -<a href="http://www.froscon.org">the Free and Open Source Software -Conference (FrOSCon)</a>. We do a lot more than most other conferences -- this year, we first offered the FrogLabs as a holiday camp for kids -aged 10 to 16. It was a huge success, with approx. 30 kids taking part -and learning with and about free software through a whole weekend. All -of us had a lot of fun, and the results were really exciting.</p> - -<p>Apart from that, we are preparing a campaign that is supposed to bring -the message of free alternatives to stuff kids use every day to them and -their parents, e.g. the use of Jabber / Jappix instead of Facebook and -Skype. To make that possible, we are planning to get together a team of -clever kids who understand very well what their peers need and can bring -it across to them. So we will have a peer-driven network of adolescents -who teach each other and collect feedback from the community of minors. -We then take that feedback and our own experience to work closely with -open source projects, such as Skolelinux or Jappix, at improving their -software in a way that makes it more and more attractive for the target -group. At least I hope that we will have good cooperation with -Skolelinux in the future ;)!</p> - -<p>So in conclusion, what I believe is that, if it weren't for the world -being so bad, it should be very clear to the political decision makers -that the only way to go nowadays is free software for various reasons, -but I have learnt that the only way that seems to work is bottom up.</p> - -<!-- - -> * Who should be interviewed with this questions in the future? - -That's probably the hardest question of them all, as I do not know the -community. However, I would be willing to do the following: - - <li>Run an interview with a German headteacher who is very open to - free software, and also prefers it, but cannot really use it because - of the decision makers above; - <li>Run interviews with some kids, both with and without previous - knowledge about free software - -If that is wanted, just let me know ;). - ---> +<p>In Germany we have the situation: every school is free to decide +which software they want to use. This decision is influenced by +teachers who learned to use Windows and MS Office. They buy a PC with +Windows preinstalled and an additional testing version of MS +Office. They don't know about the possibility to use Free Software +instead. Another problem are the publisher of school books. They +develop their software, added to the school books, for Windows.</p> - Dugnadsnett for alle stiller på Oslo Maker Faire i januar 2014 - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Dugnadsnett_for_alle_stiller_p__Oslo_Maker_Faire_i_januar_2014.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Dugnadsnett_for_alle_stiller_p__Oslo_Maker_Faire_i_januar_2014.html - Tue, 10 Dec 2013 19:20:00 +0100 - <p>Helga 18. og 19. januar 2014 arrangeres -<a href="http://makerfaireoslo.no/no/program/dugnadsnett">Oslo Maker -Faire</a>, og <a href="http://www.dugnadsnett.no/">Dugnadsnett for -alle</a> har fått plass! Planen er å ha et bord med en plakat der vi -forteller om hva Dugnadsnett for alle er for noe, og et lite verksted -der vi hjelper folk som er interessert i å få opp sin egen mesh-node. -Jeg gleder meg til å se hvordan prosjektet blir mottatt der.</p> - -<p>Målet med dugnadsnett for alle i Oslo er å få på plass et datanett -for kommunikasjon ved hjelp av radio-repeaterstasjoner (kalt -mesh-noder) som gjør at en kan direkte kommunisere med slekt, venner -og bekjente i Oslo via andre som deltar i dugnadsnettet, samt gjøre -det mulig komme ut på internett via dugnadsnettet. Første delmål er å -kunne sende SMS-meldinger vha. IP-telefoni løsningen -<a href="http://www.servalproject.org/">Serval project</a> mellom -deltagerne i Dugnadsnett for alle i Oslo. Formålet er å ta tilbake -kontrollen over egen nett-infrastruktur og gjøre det dyrere å bedrive -massiv innsamling av informasjon om borgernes bruk av datanett.</p> - -<p>Høres dette interessant ut? Bli med på prosjektet, fortell oss -hvor du kunne tenke deg å sette opp en radio-repeater (slik at folk i -nærheten kan finne hverandre ved hjelp av -<a href="http://flynor.net/mesh/mesh.php">kartet over planlagte og -eksisterende radio-repeatere</A>), bli med på epostlisten -<a href="http://lists.nuug.no/mailman/listinfo/dugnadsnett">dugnadsnett -(at) nuug.no</a> og stikk innom -<a href="irc://irc.freenode.net/#dugnadsnett.no">IRC-kanalen -#dugnadsnett.no</a>. Så langt er det planlagt over 40 -radio-repeatere, med VPN-forbindelser via Internet for å la de delene -av nettet som ikke når hverandre via radio kunne snakke med hverandre -likevel.</p> + 98.6 percent done with the Norwegian draft translation of Free Culture + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/98_6_percent_done_with_the_Norwegian_draft_translation_of_Free_Culture.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/98_6_percent_done_with_the_Norwegian_draft_translation_of_Free_Culture.html + Wed, 23 Jul 2014 22:40:00 +0200 + <p>This summer I finally had time to continue working on the Norwegian +<a href="http://www.docbook.org/">docbook</a> version of the 2004 book +<a href="http://free-culture.cc/">Free Culture</a> by Lawrence Lessig, +to get a Norwegian text explaining the problems with todays copyright +law. Yesterday, I finally completed translated the book text. There +are still some foot/end notes left to translate, the colophon page +need to be rewritten, and a few words and phrases still need to be +translated, but the Norwegian text is ready for the first proof +reading. :) More spell checking is needed, and several illustrations +need to be cleaned up. The work stopped up because I had to give +priority to other projects the last year, and the progress graph of +the translation show this very well:</p> + +<p><img width="80%" align="center" src="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig/raw/master/progress.png"></p> + +<p>If you want to read the result, check out the +<a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig">github</a> +project pages and the +<a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig/blob/master/archive/freeculture.nb.pdf?raw=true">PDF</a>, +<a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig/blob/master/archive/freeculture.nb.epub?raw=true">EPUB</a> +and HTML version available in the +<a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig/tree/master/archive">archive +directory</a>.</p> + +<p>Please report typos, bugs and improvements to the github project if +you find any.</p> - Debian Edu interview: Klaus Knopper - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Klaus_Knopper.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Klaus_Knopper.html - Fri, 6 Dec 2013 09:50:00 +0100 - <p>It has been a while since I managed to publish the last interview, -but the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / -Skolelinux</a> community is still going strong, and yesterday we even -had a new school administrator show up on -<a href="irc://irc.debian.org/#debian-edu">#debian-edu</a> to share -his success story with installing Debian Edu at their school. This -time I have been able to get some helpful comments from the creator of -Knoppix, Klaus Knopper, who was involved in a Skolelinux project in -Germany a few years ago.</p> - -<p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p> - -<p>I am Klaus Knopper. I have a master degree in electrical -engineering, and is currently professor in information management at -the university of applied sciences Kaiserslautern / Germany and -freelance Open Source software developer and consultant.</p> - -<p>All of this is pretty much of the work I spend my days with. Apart -from teaching, I'm also conducting some more or less experimental -projects like the <a href="http://www.knoppix.org">Knoppix GNU/Linux live -system</a> (Debian-based like Skolelinux), -<a href="http://www.knopper.net/knoppix-adriane/index-en.html">ADRIANE</a> -(a blind-friendly talking desktop system) and -<a href="http://www.knopper.net/linbo/index-en.html">LINBO</a> -(Linux-based network boot console, a fast remote install and repair -system supporting various operating systems).</p> - -<p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu -project?</strong></p> - -<p>The credit for this have to go to Kurt Gramlich, who is the German -coordinator for Skolelinux. We were looking for an all-in-one open -source community-supported distribution for schools, and Kurt -introduced us to Skolelinux for this purpose.</p> - -<p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian -Edu?</strong></p> - -<ul> - <li>Quick installation,</li> - <li>works (almost) out of the box,</li> - <li>contains many useful software packages for teaching and learning,</li> - <li>is a purely community-based distro and not controlled by a - single company,</li> - <li>has a large number of supporters and teachers who share their - experience and problem solutions.</li> -</ul> - -<p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian -Edu?</strong></p> + From English wiki to translated PDF and epub via Docbook + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/From_English_wiki_to_translated_PDF_and_epub_via_Docbook.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/From_English_wiki_to_translated_PDF_and_epub_via_Docbook.html + Tue, 17 Jun 2014 11:30:00 +0200 + <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux +project</a> provide an instruction manual for teachers, system +administrators and other users that contain useful tips for setting up +and maintaining a Debian Edu installation. This text is about how the +text processing of this manual is handled in the project.</p> + +<p>One goal of the project is to provide information in the native +language of its users, and for this we need to handle translations. +But we also want to make sure each language contain the same +information, so for this we need a good way to keep the translations +in sync. And we want it to be easy for our users to improve the +documentation, avoiding the need to learn special formats or tools to +contribute, and the obvious way to do this is to make it possible to +edit the documentation using a web browser. We also want it to be +easy for translators to keep the translation up to date, and give them +help in figuring out what need to be translated. Here is the list of +tools and the process we have found trying to reach all these +goals.</p> + +<p>We maintain the authoritative source of our manual in the +<a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/">Debian +wiki</a>, as several wiki pages written in English. It consist of one +front page with references to the different chapters, several pages +for each chapter, and finally one "collection page" gluing all the +chapters together into one large web page (aka +<a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/AllInOne">the +AllInOne page</a>). The AllInOne page is the one used for further +processing and translations. Thanks to the fact that the +<a href="http://moinmo.in/">MoinMoin</a> installation on +wiki.debian.org support exporting pages in +<a href="http://www.docbook.org/">the Docbook format</a>, we can fetch +the list of pages to export using the raw version of the AllInOne +page, loop over each of them to generate a Docbook XML version of the +manual. This process also download images and transform image +references to use the locally downloaded images. The generated +Docbook XML files are slightly broken, so some post-processing is done +using the <tt>documentation/scripts/get_manual</tt> program, and the +result is a nice Docbook XML file (debian-edu-wheezy-manual.xml) and +a handfull of images. The XML file can now be used to generate PDF, HTML +and epub versions of the English manual. This is the basic step of +our process, making PDF (using dblatex), HTML (using xsltproc) and +epub (using dbtoepub) version from Docbook XML, and the resulting files +are placed in the debian-edu-doc-en binary package.</p> + +<p>But English documentation is not enough for us. We want translated +documentation too, and we want to make it easy for translators to +track the English original. For this we use the +<a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/p/poxml.html">poxml</a> package, +which allow us to transform the English Docbook XML file into a +translation file (a .pot file), usable with the normal gettext based +translation tools used by those translating free software. The pot +file is used to create and maintain translation files (several .po +files), which the translations update with the native language +translations of all titles, paragraphs and blocks of text in the +original. The next step is combining the original English Docbook XML +and the translation file (say debian-edu-wheezy-manual.nb.po), to +create a translated Docbook XML file (in this case +debian-edu-wheezy-manual.nb.xml). This translated (or partly +translated, if the translation is not complete) Docbook XML file can +then be used like the original to create a PDF, HTML and epub version +of the documentation.</p> + +<p>The translators use different tools to edit the .po files. We +recommend using +<a href="http://www.kde.org/applications/development/lokalize/">lokalize</a>, +while some use emacs and vi, others can use web based editors like +<a href="http://pootle.translatehouse.org/">Poodle</a> or +<a href="https://www.transifex.com/">Transifex</a>. All we care about +is where the .po file end up, in our git repository. Updated +translations can either be committed directly to git, or submitted as +<a href="https://bugs.debian.org/src:debian-edu-doc">bug reports +against the debian-edu-doc package</a>.</p> + +<p>One challenge is images, which both might need to be translated (if +they show translated user applications), and are needed in different +formats when creating PDF and HTML versions (epub is a HTML version in +this regard). For this we transform the original PNG images to the +needed density and format during build, and have a way to provide +translated images by storing translated versions in +images/$LANGUAGECODE/. I am a bit unsure about the details here. The +package maintainers know more.</p> + +<p>If you wonder what the result look like, we provide +<a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/">the content +of the documentation packages on the web</a>. See for example the +<a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/it/debian-edu-wheezy-manual.pdf">Italian +PDF version</a> or the +<a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/de/debian-edu-wheezy-manual.html">German +HTML version</a>. We do not yet build the epub version by default, +but perhaps it will be done in the future.</p> + +<p>To learn more, check out +<a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/d/debian-edu-doc.html">the +debian-edu-doc package</a>, +<a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/">the +manual on the wiki</a> and +<a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/Translations">the +translation instructions</a> in the manual.</p> + + + + + Hvordan enkelt laste ned filmer fra NRK med den "nye" løsningen + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hvordan_enkelt_laste_ned_filmer_fra_NRK_med_den__nye__l_sningen.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hvordan_enkelt_laste_ned_filmer_fra_NRK_med_den__nye__l_sningen.html + Mon, 16 Jun 2014 19:20:00 +0200 + <p>Jeg har fortsatt behov for å kunne laste ned innslag fra NRKs +nettsted av og til for å se senere når jeg ikke er på nett, men +<a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hvordan_enkelt_laste_ned_filmer_fra_NRK.html">min +oppskrift fra 2011</a> sluttet å fungere da NRK byttet +avspillermetode. I dag fikk jeg endelig lett etter oppdatert løsning, +og jeg er veldig glad for å fortelle at den enkleste måten å laste ned +innslag er å bruke siste versjon 2014.06.07 av +<a href="http://rg3.github.io/youtube-dl/">youtube-dl</a>. Støtten i +youtube-dl <a href="https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/2980">kom +inn for 23 dager siden</a> og +<a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/y/youtube-dl.html">versjonen i +Debian</a> fungerer fint også som backport til Debian Wheezy. Det er +et lite problem, det håndterer kun URLer med små bokstaver, men hvis +en har en URL med store bokstaver kan en bare gjøre alle store om til +små bokstaver for å få youtube-dl til å laste ned. Rapporterte +nettopp +<a href="https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/2980">problemet til +utviklerne</a>, og antar de får fikset det snart.</p> + +<p>Dermed er alt klart til å laste ned dokumentarene om +<a href="http://tv.nrk.no/program/KOID23005014/usas-hemmelige-avlytting">USAs +hemmelige avlytting</a> og +<a href="http://tv.nrk.no/program/KOID23005114/selskapene-bak-usas-avlytting">Selskapene +bak USAs avlytting</a>, i tillegg til +<a href="http://tv.nrk.no/program/KOID20005814/et-moete-med-edward-snowden">intervjuet +med Edward Snowden gjort av den tyske tv-kanalen ARD</a>. Anbefaler +alle å se disse, sammen med +<a href="http://media.ccc.de/browse/congress/2013/30C3_-_5713_-_en_-_saal_2_-_201312301130_-_to_protect_and_infect_part_2_-_jacob.html">foredraget +til Jacob Appelbaum på siste CCC-konferanse</a>, for å forstå mer om +hvordan overvåkningen av borgerne brer om seg.</p> + +<p>Takk til gode venner på foreningen NUUGs IRC-kanal +<a href="irc://irc.freenode.net/%23nuug">#nuug på irc.freenode.net</a> +for tipsene som fikk meg i mål</a>.</p> + +<p><strong>Oppdatering 2014-06-17</strong>: Etter at jeg publiserte +denne, ble jeg tipset om bloggposten +"<a href="http://ingvar.blog.redpill-linpro.com/2012/05/31/downloading-hd-content-from-tv-nrk-no/">Downloading +HD content from tv.nrk.no</a>" av Ingvar Hagelund, som har alternativ +implementasjon og tips for å lage mkv-fil med undertekstene inkludert. +Kanskje den passer bedre for deg? I tillegg ble feilen i youtube-dl +ble fikset litt senere ut på dagen i går, samt at youtube-dl fikk +støtte for å laste ned undertitler. Takk til Anders Einar Hilden for +god innsats og youtube-dl-utviklerne for rask respons.</p> + + + + + Free software car computer solution? + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Free_software_car_computer_solution_.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Free_software_car_computer_solution_.html + Thu, 29 May 2014 18:45:00 +0200 + <p>Dear lazyweb. I'm planning to set up a small Raspberry Pi computer +in my car, connected to +<a href="http://www.dx.com/p/400a-4-0-tft-lcd-digital-monitor-for-vehicle-parking-reverse-camera-1440x272-12v-dc-57776">a +small screen</a> next to the rear mirror. I plan to hook it up with a +GPS and a USB wifi card too. The idea is to get my own +"<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carputer">Carputer</a>". But I +wonder if someone already created a good free software solution for +such car computer.</p> + +<p>This is my current wish list for such system:</p> <ul> - <li>Skolelinux is - as we had to learn - not easily upgradable to - the next version. Opposed to its genuine Debian base, upgrading to - a new version means a full new installation from scratch to get it - working again reliably. - - <li>Skolelinux is based on Debian/stable, and therefore always a - little outdated in terms of program versions compared to Edubuntu or - similar educational Linux distros, which rather use Debian/testing - as their base. - - <li>Skolelinux has some very self-opinionated and stubborn default - configuration which in my opinion adds unnecessary complexity and is - not always suitable for a schools needs, the preset network - configuration is actually a core definition feature of Skolelinux - and not easy to change, so schools sometimes have to change their - network configuration to make it "Skolelinux-compatible". - - <li>Some proposed extensions, which were made available as - contribution, like secure examination mode and lecture material - distribution and collection, were not accepted into the mainline - Skolelinux development and are now not easy to maintain in the - future because of Skolelinux somewhat undeterministic update - schemes.</li> - - <li>Skolelinux has only a very tiny number of base developers - compared to Debian.</li> - -</ul> -<p>For these reasons and experience from our project, I would now -rather consider using plain Debian for schools next time, until -Skolelinux is more closely integrated into Debian and becomes -upgradeable without reinstallation.</p> + <li>Work on Raspberry Pi.</li> -<p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p> - -<p>GNU/Linux with LXDE desktop, bash for interactive dialog and -programming, texlive for documentation and correspondence, -occasionally LibreOffice for document format conversion. Various -programming languages for teaching.</p> - -<p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to -get schools to use free software?</strong></p> + <li>Show current speed limit based on location, and warn if going too + fast (for example using color codes yellow and red on the screen, + or make a sound). This could be done either using either data from + <a href="http://www.openstreetmap.org/">Openstreetmap</a> or OCR + info gathered from a dashboard camera.</li> -<p>Strong arguments are</p> + <li>Track automatic toll road passes and their cost, show total spent + and make it possible to calculate toll costs for planned + route.</li> -<ul> + <li>Collect GPX tracks for use with OpenStreetMap.</li> - <li>Knowledge is free, and so should be methods and tools for - teaching and learning.</li> + <li>Automatically detect and use any wireless connection to connect + to home server. Try IP over DNS + (<a href="http://dev.kryo.se/iodine/">iodine</a>) or ICMP + (<a href="http://code.gerade.org/hans/">Hans</a>) if direct + connection do not work.</li> - <li>Students can learn with and use the same software at school, at - home, and at their working place without running into license or - conversion problems.</li> + <li>Set up mesh network to talk to other cars with the same system, + or some standard car mesh protocol.</li> - <li>Closed source or proprietary software hides knowledge rather - than exposing it, and proprietary software vendors try to bind - customers to certain products. But teachers need to teach - science, not products.</li> + <li>Warn when approaching speed cameras and speed camera ranges + (speed calculated between two cameras).</li> - <li>If you have everything you for daily work as open source, what - would you need proprietary software for?</li> + <li>Suport dashboard/front facing camera to discover speed limits and + run OCR to track registration number of passing cars.</li> </ul> - - - - - Dugnadsnett for alle, a wireless community network in Oslo, take shape - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Dugnadsnett_for_alle__a_wireless_community_network_in_Oslo__take_shape.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Dugnadsnett_for_alle__a_wireless_community_network_in_Oslo__take_shape.html - Sat, 30 Nov 2013 10:10:00 +0100 - <p>If you want the ability to electronically communicate directly with -your neighbors and friends using a network controlled by your peers in -stead of centrally controlled by a few corporations, or would like to -experiment with interesting network technology, the -<a href="http://www.dugnadsnett.no/">Dugnasnett for alle i Oslo</a> -might be project for you. 39 mesh nodes are currently being planned, -in the freshly started initiative from NUUG and Hackeriet to create a -wireless community network. The work is inspired by -<a href="http://freifunk.net/">Freifunk</a>, -<a href="http://www.awmn.net/">Athens Wireless Metropolitan -Network</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roofnet">Roofnet</a> -and other successful mesh networks around the globe. Two days ago we -held a workshop to try to get people started on setting up their own -mesh node, and there we decided to create a new mailing list -<a href="http://lists.nuug.no/mailman/listinfo/dugnadsnett">dugnadsnett -(at) nuug.no</a> and IRC channel -<a href="irc://irc.freenode.net/#dugnadsnett.no">#dugnadsnett.no</a> to -coordinate the work. See also the NUUG blog post -<a href="http://www.nuug.no/news/E_postliste_og_IRC_kanal_for_Dugnadsnett_for_alle_i_Oslo.shtml">announcing -the mailing list and IRC channel</a>.</p> + +<p>If you know of any free software car computer system supporting +some or all of these features, please let me know.</p>