X-Git-Url: http://pere.pagekite.me/gitweb/homepage.git/blobdiff_plain/14c30fcadbf6b05cee38bda48e476b5393e1e2cf..e86168b0cae5e6a526a6b36eb97989829af60b9b:/blog/index.rss diff --git a/blog/index.rss b/blog/index.rss index dbbe2415df..92144c45c7 100644 --- a/blog/index.rss +++ b/blog/index.rss @@ -7,420 +7,363 @@ - Hvordan bør RFC 822-formattert epost lagres i en NOARK5-database? - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hvordan_b_r_RFC_822_formattert_epost_lagres_i_en_NOARK5_database_.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hvordan_b_r_RFC_822_formattert_epost_lagres_i_en_NOARK5_database_.html - Fri, 7 Mar 2014 15:20:00 +0100 - <p>For noen uker siden ble NXCs fri programvarelisenserte -NOARK5-løsning -<a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20140211-noark/">presentert hos -NUUG</a> (video -<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JCb_dNS3MHQ">på youtube -foreløbig</a>), og det fikk meg til å titte litt mer på NOARK5, -standarden for arkivhåndtering i det offentlige Norge. Jeg lurer på -om denne kjernen kan være nyttig i et par av mine prosjekter, og for ett -av dem er det mest aktuelt å lagre epost. Jeg klarte ikke finne noen -anbefaling om hvordan RFC 822-formattert epost (aka Internett-epost) -burde lagres i NOARK5, selv om jeg vet at noen arkiver tar -PDF-utskrift av eposten med sitt epostprogram og så arkiverer PDF-en -(eller enda værre, tar papirutskrift og lagrer bildet av eposten som -PDF i arkivet).</p> - -<p>Det er ikke så mange formater som er akseptert av riksarkivet til -langtidsoppbevaring av offentlige arkiver, og PDF og XML er de mest -aktuelle i så måte. Det slo meg at det måtte da finnes en eller annen -egnet XML-representasjon og at det kanskje var enighet om hvilken som -burde brukes, så jeg tok mot til meg og spurte -<a href="http://samdok.com/">SAMDOK</a>, en gruppe tilknyttet -arkivverket som ser ut til å jobbe med NOARK-samhandling, om de hadde -noen anbefalinger: - -<p><blockquote> -<p>Hei.</p> - -<p>Usikker på om dette er riktig forum å ta opp mitt spørsmål, men jeg -lurer på om det er definert en anbefaling om hvordan RFC -822-formatterte epost (aka vanlig Internet-epost) bør lages håndteres -i NOARK5, slik at en bevarer all informasjon i eposten -(f.eks. Received-linjer). Finnes det en anbefalt XML-mapping ala den -som beskrives på -&lt;URL: <a href="https://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=32074">https://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=32074</a> &gt;? Mitt -mål er at det skal være mulig å lagre eposten i en NOARK5-kjerne og -kunne få ut en identisk formattert kopi av opprinnelig epost ved -behov.</p> -</blockquote></p> - -<p>Postmottaker hos SAMDOK mente spørsmålet heller burde stilles -direkte til riksarkivet, og jeg fikk i dag svar derfra formulert av -seniorrådgiver Geir Ivar Tungesvik:</p> - -<p><blockquote> -<p>Riksarkivet har ingen anbefalinger når det gjelder konvertering fra -e-post til XML. Det står arkivskaper fritt å eventuelt definere/bruke -eget format. Inklusive da - som det spørres om - et format der det er -mulig å re-etablere e-post format ut fra XML-en. XML (e-post) -dokumenter må være referert i arkivstrukturen, og det må vedlegges et -gyldig XML skjema (.xsd) for XML-filene. Arkivskaper står altså fritt -til å gjøre hva de vil, bare det dokumenteres og det kan dannes et -utrekk ved avlevering til depot.</p> - -<p>De obligatoriske kravene i Noark 5 standarden må altså oppfylles - -etter dialog med Riksarkivet i forbindelse med godkjenning. For -offentlige arkiv er det særlig viktig med filene loependeJournal.xml -og offentligJournal.xml. Private arkiv som vil forholde seg til Noark -5 standarden er selvsagt frie til å bruke det som er relevant for dem -av obligatoriske krav.</p> -</blockquote></p> - -<p>Det ser dermed ut for meg som om det er et lite behov for å -standardisere XML-lagring av RFC-822-formatterte meldinger. Noen som -vet om god spesifikasjon i så måte? I tillegg til den omtalt over, -har jeg kommet over flere aktuelle beskrivelser (søk på "rfc 822 -xml", så finner du aktuelle alternativer).</p> + Språkkoder for POSIX locale i Norge + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Spr_kkoder_for_POSIX_locale_i_Norge.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Spr_kkoder_for_POSIX_locale_i_Norge.html + Fri, 11 Apr 2014 21:30:00 +0200 + <p>For 12 år siden, skrev jeg et lite notat om +<a href="http://i18n.skolelinux.no/localekoder.txt">bruk av språkkoder +i Norge</a>. Jeg ble nettopp minnet på dette da jeg fikk spørsmål om +notatet fortsatt var aktuelt, og tenkte det var greit å repetere hva +som fortsatt gjelder. Det jeg skrev da er fortsatt like aktuelt.</p> + +<p>Når en velger språk i programmer på unix, så velger en blant mange +språkkoder. For språk i Norge anbefales følgende språkkoder (anbefalt +locale i parantes):</p> + +<p><dl> +<dt>nb (nb_NO)</dt><dd>Bokmål i Norge</dd> +<dt>nn (nn_NO)</dt><dd>Nynorsk i Norge</dd> +<dt>se (se_NO)</dt><dd>Nordsamisk i Norge</dd> +</dl></p> + +<p>Alle programmer som bruker andre koder bør endres.</p> + +<p>Språkkoden bør brukes når .po-filer navngis og installeres. Dette +er ikke det samme som locale-koden. For Norsk Bokmål, så bør filene +være navngitt nb.po, mens locale (LANG) bør være nb_NO.</p> + +<p>Hvis vi ikke får standardisert de kodene i alle programmene med +norske oversettelser, så er det umulig å gi LANG-variablen ett innhold +som fungerer for alle programmer.</p> + +<p>Språkkodene er de offisielle kodene fra ISO 639, og bruken av dem i +forbindelse med POSIX localer er standardisert i RFC 3066 og ISO +15897. Denne anbefalingen er i tråd med de angitte standardene.</p> + +<p>Følgende koder er eller har vært i bruk som locale-verdier for +"norske" språk. Disse bør unngås, og erstattes når de oppdages:</p> + +<p><table> +<tr><td>norwegian</td><td>-> nb_NO</td></tr> +<tr><td>bokmål </td><td>-> nb_NO</td></tr> +<tr><td>bokmal </td><td>-> nb_NO</td></tr> +<tr><td>nynorsk </td><td>-> nn_NO</td></tr> +<tr><td>no </td><td>-> nb_NO</td></tr> +<tr><td>no_NO </td><td>-> nb_NO</td></tr> +<tr><td>no_NY </td><td>-> nn_NO</td></tr> +<tr><td>sme_NO </td><td>-> se_NO</td></tr> +</table></p> + +<p>Merk at når det gjelder de samiske språkene, at se_NO i praksis +henviser til nordsamisk i Norge, mens f.eks. smj_NO henviser til +lulesamisk. Dette notatet er dog ikke ment å gi råd rundt samiske +språkkoder, der gjør +<a href="http://www.divvun.no/">Divvun-prosjektet</a> en bedre +jobb.</p> + +<p><strong>Referanser:</strong></p> <ul> -<li><a href="http://www.openhealth.org/xmtp/">XML MIME Transformation -protocol (XMTP)</a> fra OpenHealth, sist oppdatert 2001.</li> + <li><a href="http://www.rfc-base.org/rfc-3066.html">RFC 3066 - Tags + for the Identification of Languages</a> (Erstatter RFC 1766)</li> + + <li><a href="http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/langcodes.html">ISO + 639</a> - Codes for the Representation of Names of Languages</li> + + <li><a href="http://std.dkuug.dk/jtc1/sc22/wg20/docs/n897-14652w25.pdf">ISO + DTR 14652</a> - locale-standard Specification method for cultural + conventions</li> + + <li><a href="http://std.dkuug.dk/jtc1/sc22/wg20/docs/n610.pdf">ISO + 15897: Registration procedures for cultural elements (cultural + registry)</a>, + <a href="http://std.dkuug.dk/jtc1/sc22/wg20/docs/n849-15897wd6.pdf">(nytt + draft)</a></li> + + <li><a href="http://std.dkuug.dk/jtc1/sc22/wg20/">ISO/IEC + JTC1/SC22/WG20</a> - Gruppen for i18n-standardisering i ISO</li> -<li><a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-klyne-message-rfc822-xml-03">An -XML format for mail and other messages</a> utkast fra IETF datert -2001.</li> - -<li><a href="http://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=32074">xMail: -E-mail as XML</a> en artikkel fra 2003 som beskriver python-modulen -rfc822 som gir ut XML-representasjon av en RFC 822-formattert epost.</li> - -</ul> - -<p>Finnes det andre og bedre spesifikasjoner for slik lagring? Send -meg en epost hvis du har innspill.</p> +<ul> - Lenker for 2014-02-28 - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenker_for_2014_02_28.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenker_for_2014_02_28.html - Fri, 28 Feb 2014 13:30:00 +0100 - <p>Her er noen lenker til tekster jeg har satt pris på å lese de siste -månedene. Det er mye om varsleren Edward Snowden, som burde få all -hjelp, støtte og beskyttelse Norge kan stille opp med for å ha satt -totalitær overvåkning på sakskartet, men også endel annet -tankevekkende og interessant.</p> - -<ul> - -<li>2013-12-21 -<a href="http://www.dagbladet.no/2013/12/21/nyheter/thomas_drake/nsa/overvakning/snowden/30925886/">- -NSA tenker som Stasi</a> - Dagbladet.no</li> - -<li>2013-12-19 <a href="http://www.dagensit.no/article2732734.ece">- -Staten har ikke rett til å vite alt om deg</a> - DN.no</li> - -<li>2013-12-21 -<a href="http://www.dagbladet.no/2013/12/21/nyheter/krig_og_konflikter/politikk/utenriks/30961126/">Nye -mål for NSAs spionasje avslørt</a> - Dagbladet.no</li> - -<li>2013-12-19 -<a href="http://www.dagbladet.no/2013/12/19/nyheter/nsa/usa/politikk/barack_obama/30918684/">«NSA -bør fjernes fra sin makt til å samle inn metadata fra amerikanske -telefonsamtaler»</a> - Dagbladet.no</li> - -<li>2013-12-18 -<a href="http://www.dagbladet.no/2013/12/18/kultur/meninger/hovedkronikk/debatt/snowden/30901089/">Etterretning, -overvåking, frihet og sikkerhet</a> - Dagbladet.no</li> - -<li>2013-12-17 -<a href="http://www.nrk.no/verden/snowden-vil-ha-asyl-i-brasil-1.11423444">Snowden -angriper USA i åpent brev</a> - nrk.no</li> + S3QL, a locally mounted cloud file system - nice free software + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/S3QL__a_locally_mounted_cloud_file_system___nice_free_software.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/S3QL__a_locally_mounted_cloud_file_system___nice_free_software.html + Wed, 9 Apr 2014 11:30:00 +0200 + <p>For a while now, I have been looking for a sensible offsite backup +solution for use at home. My requirements are simple, it must be +cheap and locally encrypted (in other words, I keep the encryption +keys, the storage provider do not have access to my private files). +One idea me and my friends had many years ago, before the cloud +storage providers showed up, was to use Google mail as storage, +writing a Linux block device storing blocks as emails in the mail +service provided by Google, and thus get heaps of free space. On top +of this one can add encryption, RAID and volume management to have +lots of (fairly slow, I admit that) cheap and encrypted storage. But +I never found time to implement such system. But the last few weeks I +have looked at a system called +<a href="https://bitbucket.org/nikratio/s3ql/">S3QL</a>, a locally +mounted network backed file system with the features I need.</p> + +<p>S3QL is a fuse file system with a local cache and cloud storage, +handling several different storage providers, any with Amazon S3, +Google Drive or OpenStack API. There are heaps of such storage +providers. S3QL can also use a local directory as storage, which +combined with sshfs allow for file storage on any ssh server. S3QL +include support for encryption, compression, de-duplication, snapshots +and immutable file systems, allowing me to mount the remote storage as +a local mount point, look at and use the files as if they were local, +while the content is stored in the cloud as well. This allow me to +have a backup that should survive fire. The file system can not be +shared between several machines at the same time, as only one can +mount it at the time, but any machine with the encryption key and +access to the storage service can mount it if it is unmounted.</p> + +<p>It is simple to use. I'm using it on Debian Wheezy, where the +package is included already. So to get started, run <tt>apt-get +install s3ql</tt>. Next, pick a storage provider. I ended up picking +Greenqloud, after reading their nice recipe on +<a href="https://greenqloud.zendesk.com/entries/44611757-How-To-Use-S3QL-to-mount-a-StorageQloud-bucket-on-Debian-Wheezy">how +to use S3QL with their Amazon S3 service</a>, because I trust the laws +in Iceland more than those in USA when it come to keeping my personal +data safe and private, and thus would rather spend money on a company +in Iceland. Another nice recipe is available from the article +<a href="http://www.admin-magazine.com/HPC/Articles/HPC-Cloud-Storage">S3QL +Filesystem for HPC Storage</a> by Jeff Layton in the HPC section of +Admin magazine. When the provider is picked, figure out how to get +the API key needed to connect to the storage API. With Greencloud, +the key did not show up until I had added payment details to my +account.</p> + +<p>Armed with the API access details, it is time to create the file +system. First, create a new bucket in the cloud. This bucket is the +file system storage area. I picked a bucket name reflecting the +machine that was going to store data there, but any name will do. +I'll refer to it as <tt>bucket-name</tt> below. In addition, one need +the API login and password, and a locally created password. Store it +all in ~root/.s3ql/authinfo2 like this: -<li>2013-12-17 -<a href="http://www.digi.no/925820/rettslig-nederlag-for-etterretning">Rettslig -nederlag for etterretning</a> - digi.no</li> - -<li>2013-12-21 -<a href="http://www.dagbladet.no/2013/12/21/kultur/meninger/hovedkommentar/kommentar/etterretning/30963284/">Truende -nedkjøling</a> - dagbladet.no</li> - -<li>2013-12-20 -<a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/viten/Matematikk-og-forstaelse-7411849.html">Matematikk -og forståelse</a> - aftenposten.no</li> - -<li>2013-10-20 -<a href="http://www.nrk.no/viten/ny-studie_sovn-reinser-hjernen-var-1.11306106">Vi -søv for å reinse hjernen vår, ifølgje ny studie</a> - nrk.no</li> - -<li>2013-12-11 -<a href="http://www.nrk.no/buskerud/julebaksten-i-vasken-1.11410033">Rotterace -i kloakken</a> - nrk.no</li> - -<li>2013-12-30 -<a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/viten/Apne-brev-og-frie-tanker-7413734.html">Åpne -brev og frie tanker</a> - aftenposten.no</li> - -<li>2014-01-12 -<a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/viten/Stopp-kunnskapsapartheidet-7428229.html">Stopp dagens kunnskapsapartheid!</a> - aftenposten.no</li> - -<li>2014-01-09 -<a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/uriks/EU-rapport-Britisk-og-amerikansk-overvaking-ser-ut-til-a-vare-ulovlig-7428933.html">EU-rapport: -Britisk og amerikansk overvåking ser ut til å være ulovlig</a> - -aftenposten.no</li> - -<li>2013-10-23 Professor Jan Arild Audestad -<a href="http://www.digi.no/924008/advarer-mot-konspirasjonsteori">Advarer -mot konspirasjonsteori</a> i digi.no og sier han ikke tror NSA kan -avlytte mobiltelefoner, mens han noen måneder senere forteller:</li> - -<li>2014-01-09 -<a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/iriks/--Vi-ble-presset-til-a-svekke-mobilsikkerheten-pa-80-tallet-7410467.html">- -Vi ble presset til å svekke mobilsikkerheten på 80-tallet</a> - -aftenposten.no</li> - -<li>2014-02-12 -<a href="http://tv.nrk.no/program/koid20005814/et-moete-med-edward-snowden">Et -møte med Edward Snowden</a> - intervju sendt av nrk, tilgjengelig til -2015-01-31</li> - -<li>2014-02-17 -<a href="http://politiken.dk/debat/profiler/jessteinpedersen/ECE2210356/litteraturredaktoeren-helle-thornings-tavshed-om-snowden-er-en-skandale/">Litteraturredaktøren: -Helle Thornings tavshed om Snowden er en skandale</a> - -politiken.dk</li> +<p><blockquote><pre> +[s3c] +storage-url: s3c://s.greenqloud.com:443/bucket-name +backend-login: API-login +backend-password: API-password +fs-passphrase: local-password +</pre></blockquote></p> -<li>2014-02-21 -<a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/kronikker/Bra-a-ha-en-Storebror-7476734.html">Bra å ha en «Storebror»</a> - aftenposten.no</li> +<p>I create my local passphrase using <tt>pwget 50</tt> or similar, +but any sensible way to create a fairly random password should do it. +Armed with these details, it is now time to run mkfs, entering the API +details and password to create it:</p> -<li>2014-02-28 -<a href="http://johnchristianelden.blogg.no/1393536806_narkotikasiktet_stort.html">"Narkotikasiktet -Stortingsmann" - Spillet bak kulissene</a> - John Christian Eldens -blogg</li> +<p><blockquote><pre> +# mkdir -m 700 /var/lib/s3ql-cache +# mkfs.s3ql --cachedir /var/lib/s3ql-cache --authfile /root/.s3ql/authinfo2 \ + --ssl s3c://s.greenqloud.com:443/bucket-name +Enter backend login: +Enter backend password: +Before using S3QL, make sure to read the user's guide, especially +the 'Important Rules to Avoid Loosing Data' section. +Enter encryption password: +Confirm encryption password: +Generating random encryption key... +Creating metadata tables... +Dumping metadata... +..objects.. +..blocks.. +..inodes.. +..inode_blocks.. +..symlink_targets.. +..names.. +..contents.. +..ext_attributes.. +Compressing and uploading metadata... +Wrote 0.00 MB of compressed metadata. +# </pre></blockquote></p> + +<p>The next step is mounting the file system to make the storage available. -<li>2014-02-28 -<a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/Heksejakt-pa-hasjbrukere-7486283.html">Heksejakt -på hasjbrukere</a> - aftenposten.no</li> +<p><blockquote><pre> +# mount.s3ql --cachedir /var/lib/s3ql-cache --authfile /root/.s3ql/authinfo2 \ + --ssl --allow-root s3c://s.greenqloud.com:443/bucket-name /s3ql +Using 4 upload threads. +Downloading and decompressing metadata... +Reading metadata... +..objects.. +..blocks.. +..inodes.. +..inode_blocks.. +..symlink_targets.. +..names.. +..contents.. +..ext_attributes.. +Mounting filesystem... +# df -h /s3ql +Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on +s3c://s.greenqloud.com:443/bucket-name 1.0T 0 1.0T 0% /s3ql +# +</pre></blockquote></p> -</ul> - - - - - New home and release 1.0 for netgroup and innetgr (aka ng-utils) - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/New_home_and_release_1_0_for_netgroup_and_innetgr__aka_ng_utils_.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/New_home_and_release_1_0_for_netgroup_and_innetgr__aka_ng_utils_.html - Sat, 22 Feb 2014 21:45:00 +0100 - <p>Many years ago, I wrote a GPL licensed version of the netgroup and -innetgr tools, because I needed them in -<a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>. I called the project -ng-utils, and it has served me well. I placed the project under the -<a href="http://www.hungry.com/">Hungry Programmer</a> umbrella, and it was maintained in our CVS -repository. But many years ago, the CVS repository was dropped (lost, -not migrated to new hardware, not sure), and the project have lacked a -proper home since then.</p> - -<p>Last summer, I had a look at the package and made a new release -fixing a irritating crash bug, but was unable to store the changes in -a proper source control system. I applied for a project on -<a href="https://alioth.debian.org/">Alioth</a>, but did not have time -to follow up on it. Until today. :)</p> - -<p>After many hours of cleaning and migration, the ng-utils project -now have a new home, and a git repository with the highlight of the -history of the project. I published all release tarballs and imported -them into the git repository. As the project is really stable and not -expected to gain new features any time soon, I decided to make a new -release and call it 1.0. Visit the new project home on -<a href="https://alioth.debian.org/projects/ng-utils/">https://alioth.debian.org/projects/ng-utils/</a> -if you want to check it out. The new version is also uploaded into -<a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/n/ng-utils.html">Debian Unstable</a>.</p> - - - - - Testing sysvinit from experimental in Debian Hurd - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Testing_sysvinit_from_experimental_in_Debian_Hurd.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Testing_sysvinit_from_experimental_in_Debian_Hurd.html - Mon, 3 Feb 2014 13:40:00 +0100 - <p>A few days ago I decided to try to help the Hurd people to get -their changes into sysvinit, to allow them to use the normal sysvinit -boot system instead of their old one. This follow up on the -<a href="https://teythoon.cryptobitch.de//categories/gsoc.html">great -Google Summer of Code work</a> done last summer by Justus Winter to -get Debian on Hurd working more like Debian on Linux. To get started, -I downloaded a prebuilt hard disk image from -<a href="http://ftp.debian-ports.org/debian-cd/hurd-i386/current/debian-hurd.img.tar.gz">http://ftp.debian-ports.org/debian-cd/hurd-i386/current/debian-hurd.img.tar.gz</a>, -and started it using virt-manager.</p> - -<p>The first think I had to do after logging in (root without any -password) was to get the network operational. I followed -<a href="https://www.debian.org/ports/hurd/hurd-install">the -instructions on the Debian GNU/Hurd ports page</a> and ran these -commands as root to get the machine to accept a IP address from the -kvm internal DHCP server:</p> +<p>The file system is now ready for use. I use rsync to store my +backups in it, and as the metadata used by rsync is downloaded at +mount time, no network traffic (and storage cost) is triggered by +running rsync. To unmount, one should not use the normal umount +command, as this will not flush the cache to the cloud storage, but +instead running the umount.s3ql command like this: <p><blockquote><pre> -settrans -fgap /dev/netdde /hurd/netdde -kill $(ps -ef|awk '/[p]finet/ { print $2}') -kill $(ps -ef|awk '/[d]evnode/ { print $2}') -dhclient /dev/eth0 +# umount.s3ql /s3ql +# </pre></blockquote></p> -<p>After this, the machine had internet connectivity, and I could -upgrade it and install the sysvinit packages from experimental and -enable it as the default boot system in Hurd.</p> +<p>There is a fsck command available to check the file system and +correct any problems detected. This can be used if the local server +crashes while the file system is mounted, to reset the "already +mounted" flag. This is what it look like when processing a working +file system:</p> -<p>But before I did that, I set a password on the root user, as ssh is -running on the machine it for ssh login to work a password need to be -set. Also, note that a bug somewhere in openssh on Hurd block -compression from working. Remember to turn that off on the client -side.</p> +<p><blockquote><pre> +# fsck.s3ql --force --ssl s3c://s.greenqloud.com:443/bucket-name +Using cached metadata. +File system seems clean, checking anyway. +Checking DB integrity... +Creating temporary extra indices... +Checking lost+found... +Checking cached objects... +Checking names (refcounts)... +Checking contents (names)... +Checking contents (inodes)... +Checking contents (parent inodes)... +Checking objects (reference counts)... +Checking objects (backend)... +..processed 5000 objects so far.. +..processed 10000 objects so far.. +..processed 15000 objects so far.. +Checking objects (sizes)... +Checking blocks (referenced objects)... +Checking blocks (refcounts)... +Checking inode-block mapping (blocks)... +Checking inode-block mapping (inodes)... +Checking inodes (refcounts)... +Checking inodes (sizes)... +Checking extended attributes (names)... +Checking extended attributes (inodes)... +Checking symlinks (inodes)... +Checking directory reachability... +Checking unix conventions... +Checking referential integrity... +Dropping temporary indices... +Backing up old metadata... +Dumping metadata... +..objects.. +..blocks.. +..inodes.. +..inode_blocks.. +..symlink_targets.. +..names.. +..contents.. +..ext_attributes.. +Compressing and uploading metadata... +Wrote 0.89 MB of compressed metadata. +# +</pre></blockquote></p> -<p>Run these commands as root to upgrade and test the new sysvinit -stuff:</p> +<p>Thanks to the cache, working on files that fit in the cache is very +quick, about the same speed as local file access. Uploading large +amount of data is to me limited by the bandwidth out of and into my +house. Uploading 685 MiB with a 100 MiB cache gave me 305 kiB/s, +which is very close to my upload speed, and downloading the same +Debian installation ISO gave me 610 kiB/s, close to my download speed. +Both were measured using <tt>dd</tt>. So for me, the bottleneck is my +network, not the file system code. I do not know what a good cache +size would be, but suspect that the cache should e larger than your +working set.</p> + +<p>I mentioned that only one machine can mount the file system at the +time. If another machine try, it is told that the file system is +busy:</p> <p><blockquote><pre> -cat > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/experimental.list &lt;&lt;EOF -deb http://http.debian.net/debian/ experimental main -EOF -apt-get update -apt-get dist-upgrade -apt-get install -t experimental initscripts sysv-rc sysvinit \ - sysvinit-core sysvinit-utils -update-alternatives --config runsystem +# mount.s3ql --cachedir /var/lib/s3ql-cache --authfile /root/.s3ql/authinfo2 \ + --ssl --allow-root s3c://s.greenqloud.com:443/bucket-name /s3ql +Using 8 upload threads. +Backend reports that fs is still mounted elsewhere, aborting. +# </pre></blockquote></p> -<p>To reboot after switching boot system, you have to use -<tt>reboot-hurd</tt> instead of just <tt>reboot</tt>, as there is not -yet a sysvinit process able to receive the signals from the normal -'reboot' command. After switching to sysvinit as the boot system, -upgrading every package and rebooting, the network come up with DHCP -after boot as it should, and the settrans/pkill hack mentioned at the -start is no longer needed. But for some strange reason, there are no -longer any login prompt in the virtual console, so I logged in using -ssh instead. - -<p>Note that there are some race conditions in Hurd making the boot -fail some times. No idea what the cause is, but hope the Hurd porters -figure it out. At least Justus said on IRC (#debian-hurd on -irc.debian.org) that they are aware of the problem. A way to reduce -the impact is to upgrade to the Hurd packages built by Justus by -adding this repository to the machine:</p> +<p>The file content is uploaded when the cache is full, while the +metadata is uploaded once every 24 hour by default. To ensure the +file system content is flushed to the cloud, one can either umount the +file system, or ask S3QL to flush the cache and metadata using +s3qlctrl: <p><blockquote><pre> -cat > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/hurd-ci.list &lt;&lt;EOF -deb http://darnassus.sceen.net/~teythoon/hurd-ci/ sid main -EOF +# s3qlctrl upload-meta /s3ql +# s3qlctrl flushcache /s3ql +# </pre></blockquote></p> -<p>At the moment the prebuilt virtual machine get some packages from -http://ftp.debian-ports.org/debian, because some of the packages in -unstable do not yet include the required patches that are lingering in -BTS. This is the completely list of "unofficial" packages installed:</p> +<p>If you are curious about how much space your data uses in the +cloud, and how much compression and deduplication cut down on the +storage usage, you can use s3qlstat on the mounted file system to get +a report:</p> <p><blockquote><pre> -# aptitude search '?narrow(?version(CURRENT),?origin(Debian Ports))' -i emacs - GNU Emacs editor (metapackage) -i gdb - GNU Debugger -i hurd-recommended - Miscellaneous translators -i isc-dhcp-client - ISC DHCP client -i isc-dhcp-common - common files used by all the isc-dhcp* packages -i libc-bin - Embedded GNU C Library: Binaries -i libc-dev-bin - Embedded GNU C Library: Development binaries -i libc0.3 - Embedded GNU C Library: Shared libraries -i A libc0.3-dbg - Embedded GNU C Library: detached debugging symbols -i libc0.3-dev - Embedded GNU C Library: Development Libraries and Hea -i multiarch-support - Transitional package to ensure multiarch compatibilit -i A x11-common - X Window System (X.Org) infrastructure -i xorg - X.Org X Window System -i A xserver-xorg - X.Org X server -i A xserver-xorg-input-all - X.Org X server -- input driver metapackage +# s3qlstat /s3ql +Directory entries: 9141 +Inodes: 9143 +Data blocks: 8851 +Total data size: 22049.38 MB +After de-duplication: 21955.46 MB (99.57% of total) +After compression: 21877.28 MB (99.22% of total, 99.64% of de-duplicated) +Database size: 2.39 MB (uncompressed) +(some values do not take into account not-yet-uploaded dirty blocks in cache) # </pre></blockquote></p> -<p>All in all, testing hurd has been an interesting experience. :) -X.org did not work out of the box and I never took the time to follow -the porters instructions to fix it. This time I was interested in the -command line stuff.<p> - - - - - A fist full of non-anonymous Bitcoins - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_fist_full_of_non_anonymous_Bitcoins.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_fist_full_of_non_anonymous_Bitcoins.html - Wed, 29 Jan 2014 14:10:00 +0100 - <p>Bitcoin is a incredible use of peer to peer communication and -encryption, allowing direct and immediate money transfer without any -central control. It is sometimes claimed to be ideal for illegal -activity, which I believe is quite a long way from the truth. At least -I would not conduct illegal money transfers using a system where the -details of every transaction are kept forever. This point is -investigated in -<a href="https://www.usenix.org/publications/login">USENIX ;login:</a> -from December 2013, in the article -"<a href="https://www.usenix.org/system/files/login/articles/03_meiklejohn-online.pdf">A -Fistful of Bitcoins - Characterizing Payments Among Men with No -Names</a>" by Sarah Meiklejohn, Marjori Pomarole,Grant Jordan, Kirill -Levchenko, Damon McCoy, Geoffrey M. Voelker, and Stefan Savage. They -analyse the transaction log in the Bitcoin system, using it to find -addresses belong to individuals and organisations and follow the flow -of money from both Bitcoin theft and trades on Silk Road to where the -money end up. This is how they wrap up their article:</p> - -<p><blockquote> -<p>"To demonstrate the usefulness of this type of analysis, we turned -our attention to criminal activity. In the Bitcoin economy, criminal -activity can appear in a number of forms, such as dealing drugs on -Silk Road or simply stealing someone else’s bitcoins. We followed the -flow of bitcoins out of Silk Road (in particular, from one notorious -address) and from a number of highly publicized thefts to see whether -we could track the bitcoins to known services. Although some of the -thieves attempted to use sophisticated mixing techniques (or possibly -mix services) to obscure the flow of bitcoins, for the most part -tracking the bitcoins was quite straightforward, and we ultimately saw -large quantities of bitcoins flow to a variety of exchanges directly -from the point of theft (or the withdrawal from Silk Road).</p> - -<p>As acknowledged above, following stolen bitcoins to the point at -which they are deposited into an exchange does not in itself identify -the thief; however, it does enable further de-anonymization in the -case in which certain agencies can determine (through, for example, -subpoena power) the real-world owner of the account into which the -stolen bitcoins were deposited. Because such exchanges seem to serve -as chokepoints into and out of the Bitcoin economy (i.e., there are -few alternative ways to cash out), we conclude that using Bitcoin for -money laundering or other illicit purposes does not (at least at -present) seem to be particularly attractive."</p> -</blockquote><p> - -<p>These researches are not the first to analyse the Bitcoin -transaction log. The 2011 paper -"<a href="http://arxiv.org/abs/1107.4524">An Analysis of Anonymity in -the Bitcoin System</A>" by Fergal Reid and Martin Harrigan is -summarized like this:</p> - -<p><blockquote> -"Anonymity in Bitcoin, a peer-to-peer electronic currency system, is a -complicated issue. Within the system, users are identified by -public-keys only. An attacker wishing to de-anonymize its users will -attempt to construct the one-to-many mapping between users and -public-keys and associate information external to the system with the -users. Bitcoin tries to prevent this attack by storing the mapping of -a user to his or her public-keys on that user's node only and by -allowing each user to generate as many public-keys as required. In -this chapter we consider the topological structure of two networks -derived from Bitcoin's public transaction history. We show that the -two networks have a non-trivial topological structure, provide -complementary views of the Bitcoin system and have implications for -anonymity. We combine these structures with external information and -techniques such as context discovery and flow analysis to investigate -an alleged theft of Bitcoins, which, at the time of the theft, had a -market value of approximately half a million U.S. dollars." -</blockquote></p> - -<p>I hope these references can help kill the urban myth that Bitcoin -is anonymous. It isn't really a good fit for illegal activites. Use -cash if you need to stay anonymous, at least until regular DNA -sampling of notes and coins become the norm. :)</p> +<p>I mentioned earlier that there are several possible suppliers of +storage. I did not try to locate them all, but am aware of at least +<a href="https://www.greenqloud.com/">Greenqloud</a>, +<a href="http://drive.google.com/">Google Drive</a>, +<a href="http://aws.amazon.com/s3/">Amazon S3 web serivces</a>, +<a href="http://www.rackspace.com/">Rackspace</a> and +<a href="http://crowncloud.net/">Crowncloud</A>. The latter even +accept payment in Bitcoin. Pick one that suit your need. Some of +them provide several GiB of free storage, but the prize models are +quite different and you will have to figure out what suits you +best.</p> + +<p>While researching this blog post, I had a look at research papers +and posters discussing the S3QL file system. There are several, which +told me that the file system is getting a critical check by the +science community and increased my confidence in using it. One nice +poster is titled +"<a href="http://www.lanl.gov/orgs/adtsc/publications/science_highlights_2013/docs/pg68_69.pdf">An +Innovative Parallel Cloud Storage System using OpenStack’s SwiftObject +Store and Transformative Parallel I/O Approach</a>" by Hsing-Bung +Chen, Benjamin McClelland, David Sherrill, Alfred Torrez, Parks Fields +and Pamela Smith. Please have a look.</p> + +<p>Given my problems with different file systems earlier, I decided to +check out the mounted S3QL file system to see if it would be usable as +a home directory (in other word, that it provided POSIX semantics when +it come to locking and umask handling etc). Running +<a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Testing_if_a_file_system_can_be_used_for_home_directories___.html">my +test code to check file system semantics</a>, I was happy to discover that +no error was found. So the file system can be used for home +directories, if one chooses to do so.</p> + +<p>If you do not want a locally file system, and want something that +work without the Linux fuse file system, I would like to mention the +<a href="http://www.tarsnap.com/">Tarsnap service</a>, which also +provide locally encrypted backup using a command line client. It have +a nicer access control system, where one can split out read and write +access, allowing some systems to write to the backup and others to +only read from it.</p> <p>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address @@ -429,453 +372,523 @@ activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address - New chrpath release 0.16 - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/New_chrpath_release_0_16.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/New_chrpath_release_0_16.html - Tue, 14 Jan 2014 11:00:00 +0100 - <p><a href="http://www.coverity.com/">Coverity</a> is a nice tool to -find problems in C, C++ and Java code using static source code -analysis. It can detect a lot of different problems, and is very -useful to find memory and locking bugs in the error handling part of -the source. The company behind it provide -<a href="https://scan.coverity.com/">check of free software projects as -a community service</a>, and many hundred free software projects are -already checked. A few days ago I decided to have a closer look at -the Coverity system, and discovered that the -<a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/gnash/">gnash</a> and -<a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/ipmitool/">ipmitool</a> -projects I am involved with was already registered. But these are -fairly big, and I would also like to have a small and easy project to -check, and decided to <a href="http://scan.coverity.com/projects/1179">request -checking of the chrpath project</a>. It was -added to the checker and discovered seven potential defects. Six of -these were real, mostly resource "leak" when the program detected an -error. Nothing serious, as the resources would be released a fraction -of a second later when the program exited because of the error, but it -is nice to do it right in case the source of the program some time in -the future end up in a library. Having fixed all defects and added -<a href="https://lists.alioth.debian.org/mailman/listinfo/chrpath-devel">a -mailing list for the chrpath developers</a>, I decided it was time to -publish a new release. These are the release notes:</p> - -<p>New in 0.16 released 2014-01-14:</p> + EU-domstolen bekreftet i dag at datalagringsdirektivet er ulovlig + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/EU_domstolen_bekreftet_i_dag_at_datalagringsdirektivet_er_ulovlig.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/EU_domstolen_bekreftet_i_dag_at_datalagringsdirektivet_er_ulovlig.html + Tue, 8 Apr 2014 11:30:00 +0200 + <p>I dag kom endelig avgjørelsen fra EU-domstolen om +datalagringsdirektivet, som ikke overraskende ble dømt ulovlig og i +strid med borgernes grunnleggende rettigheter. Hvis du lurer på hva +datalagringsdirektivet er for noe, så er det +<a href="http://tv.nrk.no/program/koid75005313/tema-dine-digitale-spor-datalagringsdirektivet">en +flott dokumentar tilgjengelig hos NRK</a> som jeg tidligere +<a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Dokumentaren_om_Datalagringsdirektivet_sendes_endelig_p__NRK.html">har +anbefalt</a> alle å se.</p> -<ul> +<p>Her er et liten knippe nyhetsoppslag om saken, og jeg regner med at +det kommer flere ut over dagen. Flere kan finnes +<a href="http://www.mylder.no/?drill=datalagringsdirektivet&intern=1">via +mylder</a>.</p> - <li>Fixed all minor bugs discovered by Coverity.</li> - <li>Updated config.sub and config.guess from the GNU project.</li> - <li>Mention new project mailing list in the documentation.</li> +<p><ul> -</ul> +<li><a href="http://e24.no/digital/eu-domstolen-datalagringsdirektivet-er-ugyldig/22879592">EU-domstolen: +Datalagringsdirektivet er ugyldig</a> - e24.no 2014-04-08 -<p>You can -<a href="https://alioth.debian.org/frs/?group_id=31052">download the -new version 0.16 from alioth</a>. Please let us know via the Alioth -project if something is wrong with the new release. The test suite -did not discover any old errors, so if you find a new one, please also -include a test suite check.</p> - - - - - Debian Edu interview: Dominik George - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Dominik_George.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Dominik_George.html - Wed, 25 Dec 2013 13:40:00 +0100 - <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux -project</a> consist of both newcomers and old timers, and this time I -was able to get an interview with a newcomer in the project who showed -up on the IRC channel a few weeks ago to let us know about his -successful installation of Debian Edu Wheezy in his School. Say hello -to <a href="https://www.ohloh.net/accounts/Natureshadow">Dominik -George</a>.</p> - -<!-- http://www.dominik-george.de/images/foto.jpg --> +<li><a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/iriks/EU-domstolen-Datalagringsdirektivet-er-ulovlig-7529032.html">EU-domstolen: +Datalagringsdirektivet er ulovlig</a> - aftenposten.no 2014-04-08 -<p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p> +<li><a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/iriks/politikk/Krever-DLD-stopp-i-Norge-7530086.html">Krever +DLD-stopp i Norge</a> - aftenposten.no 2014-04-08 -<p>I am a 23 year-old student from Germany who has spent half of his -life with open source. In "real life", I am, as already mentioned, a -student in the fields of Computer Science, Electrical Engineering, -Information Technologies and Anglistics. Due to my (only partially -voluntary) huge engagement in the open source world, these things are -a bit vacant right now however.</p> - -<p>I also have been working as a project teacher at a Gymasnium -(public school) for various years now. I took up that work some time -around 2005 when still attending that school myself and have continued -it until today. I also had been running the (kind of very advanced) -network of that school together with a team of very interested and -talented students in the age of 11 to 15 years, who took the chance to -learn a lot about open source and networking before I left the school -to help building another school's informational education concept from -scratch.</p> - -<p>That said, one might see me as a kind of "glue" between school kids -and the elderly of teachers as well as between the open source -ecosystem and the (even more complex) educational ecosystem.</p> - -<p>When I am not busy with open source or education, I like Geocaching -and cycling.</p> +<li><a href="http://www.p4.no/story.aspx?id=566431">Apenes: - En +gledens dag</a> - p4.no 2014-04-08 -<p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu -project?</strong></p> +<li><a href="http://www.nrk.no/norge/_-datalagringsdirektivet-er-ugyldig-1.11655929">EU-domstolen: +– Datalagringsdirektivet er ugyldig</a> - nrk.no 2014-04-08</li> -<p>I think that happened some time around 2009 when I first attended -<a href="http://www.froscon.org">FrOSCon</a> and visited the project -booth. I think I wasn't too interested back then because I used to -have an attitude of disliking software that does too much stuff on its -own. Maybe I was too inexperienced to realise the upsides of an -"out-of-the-box" solution ;).</p> - -<p>The first time I actively talked to Skolelinux people was at -<a href="http://www.openrheinruhr.de">OpenRheinRuhr</a> 2011 when the -BiscuIT project, a home-grewn software used by my school for various -really cool things from timetables and class contact lists to lunch -ordering, student ID card printing and project elections first got to -a stage where it could have been published. I asked the Skolelinux -guys running the booth if the project were interested in it and gave a -small demonstration, but there wasn't any real feedback and the guys -seemed rather uninterested.</p> - -<p>After I left the school where I developed the software, it got -mostly lost, but I am now reimplementing it for my new school. I have -reusability and compatibility in mind, and I hop there will be a new -basis for contributing it to the Skolelinux project ;)!</p> +<li><a href="http://www.vg.no/nyheter/utenriks/data-og-nett/eu-domstolen-datalagringsdirektivet-er-ugyldig/a/10130280/">EU-domstolen: +Datalagringsdirektivet er ugyldig</a> - vg.no 2014-04-08</li> -<p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian -Edu?</strong></p> +<li><a href="http://www.dagbladet.no/2014/04/08/nyheter/innenriks/datalagringsdirektivet/personvern/32711646/">- +Vi bør skrote hele datalagringsdirektivet</a> - dagbladet.no +2014-04-08</li> -<p>The most important advantage seems to be that it "just -works". After overcoming some minor (but still very annoying) glitches -in the installer, I got a fully functional, working school network, -without the month-long hassle I experienced when setting all that up -from scratch in earlier years. And above that, it rocked - I didn't -have any real hardware at hand, because the school was just founded -and has no money whatsoever, so I installed a combined server (main -server, terminal services and workstation) in a VM on my personal -notebook, bridging the LTSP network interface to the ethernet port, -and then PXE-booted the Windows notebooks that were lying around from -it. I could use 8 clients without any performance issues, by using a -tiny little VM on a tiny little notebook. I think that's enough to say -that it rocks!</p> - -<p>Secondly, there are marketing reasons. Life's bad, and so no -politician will ever permit a setup described as "Debian, an universal -operating system, with some really cool educational tools" while they -will be jsut fine with "Skolelinux, a single-purpose solution for your -school network", even if both turn out to be the very same thing (yes, -this is unfair towards the Skolelinux project, and must not be taken -too seriously - you get the idea, anyway).</p> +<li><a href="http://www.digi.no/928137/eu-domstolen-dld-er-ugyldig">EU-domstolen: +DLD er ugyldig</a> - digi.no 2014-04-08</li> -<p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian -Edu?</strong></p> - -<p>I have not been involved with Skolelinux long enough to really -answer this question in a fair way. Thus, please allow me to put it in -other words: "What do you expect from Skolelinux to keep liking it?" I -can list a few points about that:</p> - -<ul> +<li><a href="http://www.irishtimes.com/business/sectors/technology/european-court-declares-data-retention-directive-invalid-1.1754150">European +court declares data retention directive invalid</a> - irishtimes.com +2014-04-08</li> - <li>always strive to get all things integrated into Debian upstream - <li>be open to discussion about changes and the like, even with newcomers - <li>be helpful at being helpful ;) +<li><a href="http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/04/08/us-eu-data-ruling-idUSBREA370F020140408?feedType=RSS">EU +court rules against requirement to keep data of telecom users</a> - +reuters.com 2014-04-08</li> </ul> - -<p>I'm really sorry I cannot say much more about that :(!</p> - -<p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p> - -<p>First of all, all software I use is free and open. I have abandoned -all non-free software (except for firmware on my darned phone) this -year.</p> - -<p>I run Debian GNU/Linux on all PC systems I use. On that, I mostly -run text tools. I use -<a href="https://www.mirbsd.org/mksh.htm">mksh</a> as shell, -<a href="https://www.mirbsd.org/jupp.htm">jupp</a> as very advanced -text editor (I even got the developer to help me write a script/macro -based full-featured student management software with the two), -<a href="http://mcabber.com/">mcabber</a> for XMPP and -<a href="http://www.irssi.org/">irssi</a> for IRC. For that overly -coloured world called the WWW, I use -<a href="https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/new/">Iceweasel -(Firefox)</a>. Oh, and <a href="http://www.mutt.org/">mutt</a> for -e-mail.</p> - -<p>However, while I am personally aware of the fact that text tools -are more efficient and powerful than anything else, I also use (or at -least operate) some tools that are suitable to bring open source to -kids. One of these things is <a href="http://jappix.org/">Jappix</a>, -which I already introduced to some kids even before they got aware of -Facebook, making them see for themselves that they do not need -Facebook now ;).</p> - -<p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to -get schools to use free software?</strong></p> - -<p>Well, that's a two-sided thing. One side is what I believe, and one -side is what I have experienced.</p> - -<p>I believe that the right strategy is showing them the benefits. But -that won't work out as long as the acceptance of free alternatives -grows globally. What I mean is that if all the kids are almost forced -to use Windows, Facebook, Skype, you name it at home, they will not -see why they would want to use alternatives at school. I have seen -students take seat in front of a fully-functional, modern Debian -desktop that could do anything their Windows at home could do, and -they jsut refused to use it because "Linux sucks". It is something -that makes the council of our city spend around 600000 € to buy -software - not including hardware, mind you - for operating school -networks, and for installing a system that, as has been proved, does -not work. For those of you readers who are good at maths, have you -already found out how many lives could have been saved with that money -if we had instead used it to bring education to parts of the world -that need it? I have, and found it to be nothing less dramatic than -plain criminal.</p> - -<p>That said, the only feasible way appears to be the bottom up -method. We have to bring free software to kids and parents. I have -founded an association named -<a href="https://www.teckids.org">Teckids</a> here in Germany that does -just that. We organise several events for kids and adolescents in the -area of free and open source software, for example the -<a href="http://kids.froscon.org">FrogLabs</a>, which share staff with -Teckids and are the youth programme of -<a href="http://www.froscon.org">the Free and Open Source Software -Conference (FrOSCon)</a>. We do a lot more than most other conferences -- this year, we first offered the FrogLabs as a holiday camp for kids -aged 10 to 16. It was a huge success, with approx. 30 kids taking part -and learning with and about free software through a whole weekend. All -of us had a lot of fun, and the results were really exciting.</p> - -<p>Apart from that, we are preparing a campaign that is supposed to bring -the message of free alternatives to stuff kids use every day to them and -their parents, e.g. the use of Jabber / Jappix instead of Facebook and -Skype. To make that possible, we are planning to get together a team of -clever kids who understand very well what their peers need and can bring -it across to them. So we will have a peer-driven network of adolescents -who teach each other and collect feedback from the community of minors. -We then take that feedback and our own experience to work closely with -open source projects, such as Skolelinux or Jappix, at improving their -software in a way that makes it more and more attractive for the target -group. At least I hope that we will have good cooperation with -Skolelinux in the future ;)!</p> - -<p>So in conclusion, what I believe is that, if it weren't for the world -being so bad, it should be very clear to the political decision makers -that the only way to go nowadays is free software for various reasons, -but I have learnt that the only way that seems to work is bottom up.</p> - -<!-- - -> * Who should be interviewed with this questions in the future? - -That's probably the hardest question of them all, as I do not know the -community. However, I would be willing to do the following: - - <li>Run an interview with a German headteacher who is very open to - free software, and also prefers it, but cannot really use it because - of the decision makers above; - <li>Run interviews with some kids, both with and without previous - knowledge about free software - -If that is wanted, just let me know ;). - ---> +</p> + +<p>Jeg synes det er veldig fint at nok en stemme slår fast at +totalitær overvåkning av befolkningen er uakseptabelt, men det er +fortsatt like viktig å beskytte privatsfæren som før, da de +teknologiske mulighetene fortsatt finnes og utnyttes, og jeg tror +innsats i prosjekter som +<a href="https://wiki.debian.org/FreedomBox">Freedombox</a> og +<a href="http://www.dugnadsnett.no/">Dugnadsnett</a> er viktigere enn +noen gang.</p> + +<p><strong>Update 2014-04-08 12:10</strong>: Kronerullingen for å +stoppe datalagringsdirektivet i Norge gjøres hos foreningen +<a href="http://www.digitaltpersonvern.no/">Digitalt Personvern</a>, +som har samlet inn 843 215,- så langt men trenger nok mye mer hvis + +ikke Høyre og Arbeiderpartiet bytter mening i saken. Det var +<a href="http://www.holderdeord.no/parliament-issues/48650">kun +partinene Høyre og Arbeiderpartiet</a> som stemte for +Datalagringsdirektivet, og en av dem må bytte mening for at det skal +bli flertall mot i Stortinget. Se mer om saken +<a href="http://www.holderdeord.no/issues/69-innfore-datalagringsdirektivet">Holder +de ord</a>.</p> - Dugnadsnett for alle stiller på Oslo Maker Faire i januar 2014 - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Dugnadsnett_for_alle_stiller_p__Oslo_Maker_Faire_i_januar_2014.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Dugnadsnett_for_alle_stiller_p__Oslo_Maker_Faire_i_januar_2014.html - Tue, 10 Dec 2013 19:20:00 +0100 - <p>Helga 18. og 19. januar 2014 arrangeres -<a href="http://makerfaireoslo.no/no/program/dugnadsnett">Oslo Maker -Faire</a>, og <a href="http://www.dugnadsnett.no/">Dugnadsnett for -alle</a> har fått plass! Planen er å ha et bord med en plakat der vi -forteller om hva Dugnadsnett for alle er for noe, og et lite verksted -der vi hjelper folk som er interessert i å få opp sin egen mesh-node. -Jeg gleder meg til å se hvordan prosjektet blir mottatt der.</p> - -<p>Målet med dugnadsnett for alle i Oslo er å få på plass et datanett -for kommunikasjon ved hjelp av radio-repeaterstasjoner (kalt -mesh-noder) som gjør at en kan direkte kommunisere med slekt, venner -og bekjente i Oslo via andre som deltar i dugnadsnettet, samt gjøre -det mulig komme ut på internett via dugnadsnettet. Første delmål er å -kunne sende SMS-meldinger vha. IP-telefoni løsningen -<a href="http://www.servalproject.org/">Serval project</a> mellom -deltagerne i Dugnadsnett for alle i Oslo. Formålet er å ta tilbake -kontrollen over egen nett-infrastruktur og gjøre det dyrere å bedrive -massiv innsamling av informasjon om borgernes bruk av datanett.</p> - -<p>Høres dette interessant ut? Bli med på prosjektet, fortell oss -hvor du kunne tenke deg å sette opp en radio-repeater (slik at folk i -nærheten kan finne hverandre ved hjelp av -<a href="http://flynor.net/mesh/mesh.php">kartet over planlagte og -eksisterende radio-repeatere</A>), bli med på epostlisten -<a href="http://lists.nuug.no/mailman/listinfo/dugnadsnett">dugnadsnett -(at) nuug.no</a> og stikk innom -<a href="irc://irc.freenode.net/#dugnadsnett.no">IRC-kanalen -#dugnadsnett.no</a>. Så langt er det planlagt over 40 -radio-repeatere, med VPN-forbindelser via Internet for å la de delene -av nettet som ikke når hverandre via radio kunne snakke med hverandre -likevel.</p> + ReactOS Windows clone - nice free software + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/ReactOS_Windows_clone___nice_free_software.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/ReactOS_Windows_clone___nice_free_software.html + Tue, 1 Apr 2014 12:10:00 +0200 + <p>Microsoft have announced that Windows XP reaches its end of life +2014-04-08, in 7 days. But there are heaps of machines still running +Windows XP, and depending on Windows XP to run their applications, and +upgrading will be expensive, both when it comes to money and when it +comes to the amount of effort needed to migrate from Windows XP to a +new operating system. Some obvious options (buy new a Windows +machine, buy a MacOSX machine, install Linux on the existing machine) +are already well known and covered elsewhere. Most of them involve +leaving the user applications installed on Windows XP behind and +trying out replacements or updated versions. In this blog post I want +to mention one strange bird that allow people to keep the hardware and +the existing Windows XP applications and run them on a free software +operating system that is Windows XP compatible.</p> + +<p><a href="http://www.reactos.org/">ReactOS</a> is a free software +operating system (GNU GPL licensed) working on providing a operating +system that is binary compatible with Windows, able to run windows +programs directly and to use Windows drivers for hardware directly. +The project goal is for Windows user to keep their existing machines, +drivers and software, and gain the advantages from user a operating +system without usage limitations caused by non-free licensing. It is +a Windows clone running directly on the hardware, so quite different +from the approach taken by <a href="http://www.winehq.org/">the Wine +project</a>, which make it possible to run Windows binaries on +Linux.</p> + +<p>The ReactOS project share code with the Wine project, so most +shared libraries available on Windows are already implemented already. +There is also a software manager like the one we are used to on Linux, +allowing the user to install free software applications with a simple +click directly from the Internet. Check out the +<a href="http://www.reactos.org/screenshots">screen shots on the +project web site</a> for an idea what it look like (it looks just like +Windows before metro).</p> + +<p>I do not use ReactOS myself, preferring Linux and Unix like +operating systems. I've tested it, and it work fine in a virt-manager +virtual machine. The browser, minesweeper, notepad etc is working +fine as far as I can tell. Unfortunately, my main test application +is the software included on a CD with the Lego Mindstorms NXT, which +seem to install just fine from CD but fail to leave any binaries on +the disk after the installation. So no luck with that test software. +No idea why, but hope someone else figure out and fix the problem. +I've tried the ReactOS Live ISO on a physical machine, and it seemed +to work just fine. If you like Windows and want to keep running your +old Windows binaries, check it out by +<a href="http://www.reactos.org/download">downloading</a> the +installation CD, the live CD or the preinstalled virtual machine +image.</p> - Debian Edu interview: Klaus Knopper - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Klaus_Knopper.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Klaus_Knopper.html - Fri, 6 Dec 2013 09:50:00 +0100 - <p>It has been a while since I managed to publish the last interview, -but the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / -Skolelinux</a> community is still going strong, and yesterday we even -had a new school administrator show up on -<a href="irc://irc.debian.org/#debian-edu">#debian-edu</a> to share -his success story with installing Debian Edu at their school. This -time I have been able to get some helpful comments from the creator of -Knoppix, Klaus Knopper, who was involved in a Skolelinux project in -Germany a few years ago.</p> + Debian Edu interview: Roger Marsal + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Roger_Marsal.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Roger_Marsal.html + Sun, 30 Mar 2014 11:40:00 +0200 + <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> +keep gaining new users. Some weeks ago, a person showed up on IRC, +<a href="irc://irc.debian.org/#debian-edu">#debian-edu</a>, with a +wish to contribute, and I managed to get a interview with this great +contributor Roger Marsal to learn more about his background.</p> <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p> -<p>I am Klaus Knopper. I have a master degree in electrical -engineering, and is currently professor in information management at -the university of applied sciences Kaiserslautern / Germany and -freelance Open Source software developer and consultant.</p> - -<p>All of this is pretty much of the work I spend my days with. Apart -from teaching, I'm also conducting some more or less experimental -projects like the <a href="http://www.knoppix.org">Knoppix GNU/Linux live -system</a> (Debian-based like Skolelinux), -<a href="http://www.knopper.net/knoppix-adriane/index-en.html">ADRIANE</a> -(a blind-friendly talking desktop system) and -<a href="http://www.knopper.net/linbo/index-en.html">LINBO</a> -(Linux-based network boot console, a fast remote install and repair -system supporting various operating systems).</p> +<p>My name is Roger Marsal, I'm 27 years old (1986 generation) and I +live in Barcelona, Spain. I've got a strong business background and I +work as a patrimony manager and as a real estate agent. Additionally, +I've co-founded a British based tech company that is nowadays on the +last development phase of a new social networking concept.</p> + +<p>I'm a Linux enthusiast that started its journey with Ubuntu four years +ago and have recently switched to Debian seeking rock solid stability +and as a necessary step to gain expertise.</p> + +<p>In a nutshell, I spend my days working and learning as much as I +can to face both my job, entrepreneur project and feed my Linux +hunger.</p> <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu project?</strong></p> -<p>The credit for this have to go to Kurt Gramlich, who is the German -coordinator for Skolelinux. We were looking for an all-in-one open -source community-supported distribution for schools, and Kurt -introduced us to Skolelinux for this purpose.</p> +<p>I discovered the <a href="http://www.ltsp.org/">LTSP</a> advantages +with "Ubuntu 12.04 alternate install" and after a year of use I +started looking for an alternative. Even though I highly value and +respect the Ubuntu project, I thought it was necessary for me to +change to a more robust and stable alternative. As far as I was using +Debian on my personal laptop I thought it would be fine to install +Debian and configure an LTSP server myself. Surprised, I discovered +that the Debian project also supported a kind of Edubuntu equivalent, +and after having some pain I obtained a Debian Edu network up and +running. I just loved it.</p> <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian Edu?</strong></p> -<ul> - <li>Quick installation,</li> - <li>works (almost) out of the box,</li> - <li>contains many useful software packages for teaching and learning,</li> - <li>is a purely community-based distro and not controlled by a - single company,</li> - <li>has a large number of supporters and teachers who share their - experience and problem solutions.</li> -</ul> +<p>I found a main advantage in that, once you know "the tips and +tricks", a new installation just works out of the box. It's the most +complete alternative I've found to create an LTSP network. All the +other distributions seems to be made of plastic, Debian Edu seems to +be made of steel.</p> <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian Edu?</strong></p> -<ul> - <li>Skolelinux is - as we had to learn - not easily upgradable to - the next version. Opposed to its genuine Debian base, upgrading to - a new version means a full new installation from scratch to get it - working again reliably. - - <li>Skolelinux is based on Debian/stable, and therefore always a - little outdated in terms of program versions compared to Edubuntu or - similar educational Linux distros, which rather use Debian/testing - as their base. - - <li>Skolelinux has some very self-opinionated and stubborn default - configuration which in my opinion adds unnecessary complexity and is - not always suitable for a schools needs, the preset network - configuration is actually a core definition feature of Skolelinux - and not easy to change, so schools sometimes have to change their - network configuration to make it "Skolelinux-compatible". - - <li>Some proposed extensions, which were made available as - contribution, like secure examination mode and lecture material - distribution and collection, were not accepted into the mainline - Skolelinux development and are now not easy to maintain in the - future because of Skolelinux somewhat undeterministic update - schemes.</li> - - <li>Skolelinux has only a very tiny number of base developers - compared to Debian.</li> +<p>I found two main disadvantages.</p> -</ul> +<p>I'm not an expert but I've got notions and I had to spent a considerable +amount of time trying to bring up a standard network topology. I'm quite +stubborn and I just worked until I did but I'm sure many people with few +resources (not big schools, but academies for example) would have switched +or dropped.</p> -<p>For these reasons and experience from our project, I would now -rather consider using plain Debian for schools next time, until -Skolelinux is more closely integrated into Debian and becomes -upgradeable without reinstallation.</p> +<p>It's amazing how such a complex system like Debian Edu has achieved +this out-of-the-box state. Even though tweaking without breaking gets +more difficult, as more factors have to be considered. This can +discourage many people too.</p> <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p> -<p>GNU/Linux with LXDE desktop, bash for interactive dialog and -programming, texlive for documentation and correspondence, -occasionally LibreOffice for document format conversion. Various -programming languages for teaching.</p> +<p>I use Debian, Firefox, Okular, Inkscape, LibreOffice and +Virtualbox.</p> + <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to get schools to use free software?</strong></p> -<p>Strong arguments are</p> - -<ul> - - <li>Knowledge is free, and so should be methods and tools for - teaching and learning.</li> - - <li>Students can learn with and use the same software at school, at - home, and at their working place without running into license or - conversion problems.</li> - - <li>Closed source or proprietary software hides knowledge rather - than exposing it, and proprietary software vendors try to bind - customers to certain products. But teachers need to teach - science, not products.</li> +<p>I don't think there is a need for a particular strategy. The free +attribute in both "freedom" and "no price" meanings is what will +really bring free software to schools. In my experience I can think of +the <a href="http://www.r-project.org/">"R" statistical language</a>; a +few years a ago was an extremely nerd tool for university people. +Today it's being increasingly used to teach statistics at many +different level of studies. I believe free and open software will +increasingly gain popularity, but I'm sure schools will be one of the +first scenarios where this will happen.</p> + + + + + Dokumentaren om Datalagringsdirektivet sendes endelig på NRK + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Dokumentaren_om_Datalagringsdirektivet_sendes_endelig_p__NRK.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Dokumentaren_om_Datalagringsdirektivet_sendes_endelig_p__NRK.html + Wed, 26 Mar 2014 09:50:00 +0100 + <p><a href="http://www.nuug.no/">Foreningen NUUG</a> melder i natt at +NRK nå har bestemt seg for +<a href="http://www.nuug.no/news/NRK_viser_filmen_om_Datalagringsdirektivet_f_rste_gang_2014_03_31.shtml">når +den norske dokumentarfilmen om datalagringsdirektivet skal +sendes</a> (se <a href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt2832844/">IMDB</a> +for detaljer om filmen) . Første visning blir på NRK2 mandag +2014-03-31 kl. 19:50, og deretter visninger onsdag 2014-04-02 +kl. 12:30, fredag 2014-04-04 kl. 19:40 og søndag 2014-04-06 kl. 15:10. +Jeg har sett dokumentaren, og jeg anbefaler enhver å se den selv. Som +oppvarming mens vi venter anbefaler jeg Bjørn Stærks kronikk i +Aftenposten fra i går, +<a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/kronikker/Autoritar-gjokunge-7514915.html">Autoritær +gjøkunge</a>, der han gir en grei skisse av hvor ille det står til med +retten til privatliv og beskyttelsen av demokrati i Norge og resten +verden, og helt riktig slår fast at det er vi i databransjen som +sitter med nøkkelen til å gjøre noe med dette. Jeg har involvert meg +i prosjektene <a href="http://www.dugnadsnett.no/">dugnadsnett.no</a> +og <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/FreedomBox">FreedomBox</a> for å +forsøke å gjøre litt selv for å bedre situasjonen, men det er mye +hardt arbeid fra mange flere enn meg som gjenstår før vi kan sies å ha +gjenopprettet balansen.</p> + +<p>Jeg regner med at nettutgaven dukker opp på +<a href="http://tv.nrk.no/program/koid75005313/tema-dine-digitale-spor-datalagringsdirektivet">NRKs +side om filmen om datalagringsdirektivet</a> om fem dager. Hold et +øye med siden, og tips venner og slekt om at de også bør se den.</p> + + + + + Public Trusted Timestamping services for everyone + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Public_Trusted_Timestamping_services_for_everyone.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Public_Trusted_Timestamping_services_for_everyone.html + Tue, 25 Mar 2014 12:50:00 +0100 + <p>Did you ever need to store logs or other files in a way that would +allow it to be used as evidence in court, and needed a way to +demonstrate without reasonable doubt that the file had not been +changed since it was created? Or, did you ever need to document that +a given document was received at some point in time, like some +archived document or the answer to an exam, and not changed after it +was received? The problem in these settings is to remove the need to +trust yourself and your computers, while still being able to prove +that a file is the same as it was at some given time in the past.</p> + +<p>A solution to these problems is to have a trusted third party +"stamp" the document and verify that at some given time the document +looked a given way. Such +<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notarius">notarius</a> service +have been around for thousands of years, and its digital equivalent is +called a +<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trusted_timestamping">trusted +timestamping service</a>. <a href="http://www.ietf.org/">The Internet +Engineering Task Force</a> standardised how such service could work a +few years ago as <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3161">RFC +3161</a>. The mechanism is simple. Create a hash of the file in +question, send it to a trusted third party which add a time stamp to +the hash and sign the result with its private key, and send back the +signed hash + timestamp. Both email, FTP and HTTP can be used to +request such signature, depending on what is provided by the service +used. Anyone with the document and the signature can then verify that +the document matches the signature by creating their own hash and +checking the signature using the trusted third party public key. +There are several commercial services around providing such +timestamping. A quick search for +"<a href="https://duckduckgo.com/?q=rfc+3161+service">rfc 3161 +service</a>" pointed me to at least +<a href="https://www.digistamp.com/technical/how-a-digital-time-stamp-works/">DigiStamp</a>, +<a href="http://www.quovadisglobal.co.uk/CertificateServices/SigningServices/TimeStamp.aspx">Quo +Vadis</a>, +<a href="https://www.globalsign.com/timestamp-service/">Global Sign</a> +and <a href="http://www.globaltrustfinder.com/TSADefault.aspx">Global +Trust Finder</a>. The system work as long as the private key of the +trusted third party is not compromised.</p> + +<p>But as far as I can tell, there are very few public trusted +timestamp services available for everyone. I've been looking for one +for a while now. But yesterday I found one over at +<a href="https://www.pki.dfn.de/zeitstempeldienst/">Deutches +Forschungsnetz</a> mentioned in +<a href="http://www.d-mueller.de/blog/dealing-with-trusted-timestamps-in-php-rfc-3161/">a +blog by David Müller</a>. I then found +<a href="http://www.rz.uni-greifswald.de/support/dfn-pki-zertifikate/zeitstempeldienst.html">a +good recipe on how to use the service</a> over at the University of +Greifswald.</p> + +<p><a href="http://www.openssl.org/">The OpenSSL library</a> contain +both server and tools to use and set up your own signing service. See +the ts(1SSL), tsget(1SSL) manual pages for more details. The +following shell script demonstrate how to extract a signed timestamp +for any file on the disk in a Debian environment:</p> - <li>If you have everything you for daily work as open source, what - would you need proprietary software for?</li> +<p><blockquote><pre> +#!/bin/sh +set -e +url="http://zeitstempel.dfn.de" +caurl="https://pki.pca.dfn.de/global-services-ca/pub/cacert/chain.txt" +reqfile=$(mktemp -t tmp.XXXXXXXXXX.tsq) +resfile=$(mktemp -t tmp.XXXXXXXXXX.tsr) +cafile=chain.txt +if [ ! -f $cafile ] ; then + wget -O $cafile "$caurl" +fi +openssl ts -query -data "$1" -cert | tee "$reqfile" \ + | /usr/lib/ssl/misc/tsget -h "$url" -o "$resfile" +openssl ts -reply -in "$resfile" -text 1>&2 +openssl ts -verify -data "$1" -in "$resfile" -CAfile "$cafile" 1>&2 +base64 < "$resfile" +rm "$reqfile" "$resfile" +</pre></blockquote></p> -</ul> +<p>The argument to the script is the file to timestamp, and the output +is a base64 encoded version of the signature to STDOUT and details +about the signature to STDERR. Note that due to +<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=742553">a bug +in the tsget script</a>, you might need to modify the included script +and remove the last line. Or just write your own HTTP uploader using +curl. :) Now you too can prove and verify that files have not been +changed.</p> + +<p>But the Internet need more public trusted timestamp services. +Perhaps something for <a href="http://www.uninett.no/">Uninett</a> or +my work place the <a href="http://www.uio.no/">University of Oslo</a> +to set up?</p> + + + + + Video DVD reader library / python-dvdvideo - nice free software + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Video_DVD_reader_library___python_dvdvideo___nice_free_software.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Video_DVD_reader_library___python_dvdvideo___nice_free_software.html + Fri, 21 Mar 2014 15:25:00 +0100 + <p>Keeping your DVD collection safe from scratches and curious +children fingers while still having it available when you want to see a +movie is not straight forward. My preferred method at the moment is +to store a full copy of the ISO on a hard drive, and use VLC, Popcorn +Hour or other useful players to view the resulting file. This way the +subtitles and bonus material are still available and using the ISO is +just like inserting the original DVD record in the DVD player.</p> + +<p>Earlier I used dd for taking security copies, but it do not handle +DVDs giving read errors (which are quite a few of them). I've also +tried using +<a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ripping_problematic_DVDs_using_dvdbackup_and_genisoimage.html">dvdbackup +and genisoimage</a>, but these days I use the marvellous python library +and program +<a href="http://bblank.thinkmo.de/blog/new-software-python-dvdvideo">python-dvdvideo</a> +written by Bastian Blank. It is +<a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/p/python-dvdvideo.html">in Debian +already</a> and the binary package name is python3-dvdvideo. Instead +of trying to read every block from the DVD, it parses the file +structure and figure out which block on the DVD is actually in used, +and only read those blocks from the DVD. This work surprisingly well, +and I have been able to almost backup my entire DVD collection using +this method.</p> + +<p>So far, python-dvdvideo have failed on between 10 and +20 DVDs, which is a small fraction of my collection. The most common +problem is +<a href="https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=720831">DVDs +using UTF-16 instead of UTF-8 characters</a>, which according to +Bastian is against the DVD specification (and seem to cause some +players to fail too). A rarer problem is what seem to be inconsistent +DVD structures, as the python library +<a href="https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=723079">claim +there is a overlap between objects</a>. An equally rare problem claim +<a href="https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=741878">some +value is out of range</a>. No idea what is going on there. I wish I +knew enough about the DVD format to fix these, to ensure my movie +collection will stay with me in the future.</p> + +<p>So, if you need to keep your DVDs safe, back them up using +python-dvdvideo. :)</p> + + + + + Norsk utgave av Alaveteli / WhatDoTheyKnow på trappene + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Norsk_utgave_av_Alaveteli___WhatDoTheyKnow_p__trappene.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Norsk_utgave_av_Alaveteli___WhatDoTheyKnow_p__trappene.html + Sun, 16 Mar 2014 09:30:00 +0100 + <p>Det offentlige Norge har mye kunnskap og informasjon. Men hvordan +kan en få tilgang til den på en enkel måte? Takket være et lite +knippe lover og tilhørende forskrifter, blant annet +<a href="http://lovdata.no/dokument/NL/lov/2006-05-19-16">offentlighetsloven</a>, +<a href="http://lovdata.no/dokument/NL/lov/2003-05-09-31">miljøinformasjonsloven</a> +og +<a href="http://lovdata.no/dokument/NL/lov/1967-02-10/">forvaltningsloven</a> +har en rett til å spørre det offentlige og få svar. Men det finnes +intet offentlig arkiv over hva andre har spurt om, og dermed risikerer en +å måtte forstyrre myndighetene gang på gang for å få tak i samme +informasjonen på nytt. <a href="http://www.mysociety.org/">Britiske +mySociety</a> har laget tjenesten +<a href="http://www.whatdotheyknow.com/">WhatDoTheyKnow</a> som gjør +noe med dette. I Storbritannia blir WhatdoTheyKnow brukt i +<a href="http://www.mysociety.org/2011/07/01/whatdotheyknows-share-of-central-government-foi-requests-q2-2011/">ca +15% av alle innsynsforespørsler mot sentraladministrasjonen</a>. +Prosjektet heter <a href="http://www.alaveteli.org/">Alaveteli</A>, og +er takk i bruk en rekke steder etter at løsningen ble generalisert og +gjort mulig å oversette. Den hjelper borgerne med å be om innsyn, +rådgir ved purringer og klager og lar alle se hvilke henvendelser som +er sendt til det offentlige og hvilke svar som er kommet inn, i et +søkpart arkiv. Her i Norge holder vi i foreningen NUUG på å få opp en +norsk utgave av Alaveteli, og her trenger vi din hjelp med +oversettelsen.</p> + +<p>Så langt er 76 % av Alaveteli oversatt til norsk bokmål, men vi +skulle gjerne vært oppe i 100 % før lansering. Oversettelsen gjøres +på <a href="https://www.transifex.com/projects/p/alaveteli/">Transifex, +der enhver som registrerer seg</a> og ber om tilgang til +bokmålsoversettelsen får bidra. Vi har satt opp en test av tjenesten +(som ikke sender epost til det offentlige, kun til oss som holder på å +sette opp tjenesten) på maskinen +<a href="http://alaveteli-dev.nuug.no/">alaveteli-dev.nuug.no</a>, der +en kan se hvordan de oversatte meldingen blir seende ut på nettsiden. +Når tjenesten lanseres vil den hete +<a href="https://www.mimesbrønn.no/">Mimes brønn</a>, etter +visdomskilden som Odin måtte gi øyet sitt for å få drikke i. Den +nettsiden er er ennå ikke klar til bruk.</p> + +<p>Hvis noen vil oversette til nynorsk også, så skal vi finne ut +hvordan vi lager en flerspråklig tjeneste. Men i første omgang er +fokus på bokmålsoversettelsen, der vi selv har nok peiling til å ha +fått oversatt 76%, men trenger hjelp for å komme helt i mål. :)</p> - Dugnadsnett for alle, a wireless community network in Oslo, take shape - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Dugnadsnett_for_alle__a_wireless_community_network_in_Oslo__take_shape.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Dugnadsnett_for_alle__a_wireless_community_network_in_Oslo__take_shape.html - Sat, 30 Nov 2013 10:10:00 +0100 - <p>If you want the ability to electronically communicate directly with -your neighbors and friends using a network controlled by your peers in -stead of centrally controlled by a few corporations, or would like to -experiment with interesting network technology, the -<a href="http://www.dugnadsnett.no/">Dugnasnett for alle i Oslo</a> -might be project for you. 39 mesh nodes are currently being planned, -in the freshly started initiative from NUUG and Hackeriet to create a -wireless community network. The work is inspired by -<a href="http://freifunk.net/">Freifunk</a>, -<a href="http://www.awmn.net/">Athens Wireless Metropolitan -Network</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roofnet">Roofnet</a> -and other successful mesh networks around the globe. Two days ago we -held a workshop to try to get people started on setting up their own -mesh node, and there we decided to create a new mailing list -<a href="http://lists.nuug.no/mailman/listinfo/dugnadsnett">dugnadsnett -(at) nuug.no</a> and IRC channel -<a href="irc://irc.freenode.net/#dugnadsnett.no">#dugnadsnett.no</a> to -coordinate the work. See also the NUUG blog post -<a href="http://www.nuug.no/news/E_postliste_og_IRC_kanal_for_Dugnadsnett_for_alle_i_Oslo.shtml">announcing -the mailing list and IRC channel</a>.</p> + Freedombox on Dreamplug, Raspberry Pi and virtual x86 machine + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Freedombox_on_Dreamplug__Raspberry_Pi_and_virtual_x86_machine.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Freedombox_on_Dreamplug__Raspberry_Pi_and_virtual_x86_machine.html + Fri, 14 Mar 2014 11:00:00 +0100 + <p>The <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/FreedomBox">Freedombox +project</a> is working on providing the software and hardware for +making it easy for non-technical people to host their data and +communication at home, and being able to communicate with their +friends and family encrypted and away from prying eyes. It has been +going on for a while, and is slowly progressing towards a new test +release (0.2).</p> + +<p>And what day could be better than the Pi day to announce that the +new version will provide "hard drive" / SD card / USB stick images for +Dreamplug, Raspberry Pi and VirtualBox (or any other virtualization +system), and can also be installed using a Debian installer preseed +file. The Debian based Freedombox is now based on Debian Jessie, +where most of the needed packages used are already present. Only one, +the freedombox-setup package, is missing. To try to build your own +boot image to test the current status, fetch the freedom-maker scripts +and build using +<a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/vmdebootstrap">vmdebootstrap</a> +with a user with sudo access to become root: + +<pre> +git clone http://anonscm.debian.org/git/freedombox/freedom-maker.git \ + freedom-maker +sudo apt-get install git vmdebootstrap mercurial python-docutils \ + mktorrent extlinux virtualbox qemu-user-static binfmt-support \ + u-boot-tools +make -C freedom-maker dreamplug-image raspberry-image virtualbox-image +</pre> + +<p>Root access is needed to run debootstrap and mount loopback +devices. See the README for more details on the build. If you do not +want all three images, trim the make line. But note that thanks to <a +href="https://bugs.debian.org/741407">a race condition in +vmdebootstrap</a>, the build might fail without the patch to the +kpartx call.</p> + +<p>If you instead want to install using a Debian CD and the preseed +method, boot a Debian Wheezy ISO and use this boot argument to load +the preseed values:</p> + +<pre> +url=<a href="http://www.reinholdtsen.name/freedombox/preseed-jessie.dat">http://www.reinholdtsen.name/freedombox/preseed-jessie.dat</a> +</pre> + +<p>But note that due to <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/740673">a +recently introduced bug in apt in Jessie</a>, the installer will +currently hang while setting up APT sources. Killing the +'<tt>apt-cdrom ident</tt>' process when it hang a few times during the +installation will get the installation going. This affect all +installations in Jessie, and I expect it will be fixed soon.</p> + +<p>Give it a go and let us know how it goes on the mailing list, and help +us get the new release published. :) Please join us on +<a href="irc://irc.debian.org:6667/%23freedombox">IRC (#freedombox on +irc.debian.org)</a> and +<a href="http://lists.alioth.debian.org/mailman/listinfo/freedombox-discuss">the +mailing list</a> if you want to help make this vision come true.</p>