Generated.

[homepage.git] / blog / index.rss

diff --git a/blog/index.rss b/blog/index.rss
index 04de9f8ae5cbe7b8c27f54c0da3ae6209b0df83e..e1c4c188d34caf82def521b77ded7d9556a23512 100644 (file)
--- a/blog/index.rss
+++ b/blog/index.rss
@@ -7,799 +7,770 @@
                 <atom:link href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/index.rss" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
        
        <item>
                 <atom:link href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/index.rss" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
        
        <item>

-               <title>Norwegian citizens now required by law to give their fingerprint to the police</title>
-               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Norwegian_citizens_now_required_by_law_to_give_their_fingerprint_to_the_police.html</link>
-               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Norwegian_citizens_now_required_by_law_to_give_their_fingerprint_to_the_police.html</guid>
-                <pubDate>Sun, 10 May 2015 16:00:00 +0200</pubDate>
-               <description>&lt;p&gt;5 days ago, the Norwegian Parliament decided, unanimously, that all
-citizens of Norway, no matter if they are suspected of something
-criminal or not, are
-&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.holderdeord.no/votes/1430838871e&quot;&gt;required to
-give fingerprints to the police&lt;/a&gt; (vote details from Holder de
-ord).  The law make it sound like it will be optional, but in a few
-years there will be no option any more.  The ID will be required to
-vote, to get a bank account, a bank card, to change address on the
-post office, to receive an electronic ID or to get a drivers license
-and many other tasks required to function in Norway.  The banks plan
-to stop providing their own ID on the bank cards when this new
-national ID is introduced, and the national road authorities plan to
-change the drivers license to no longer be usable as identity cards.
-In effect, to function as a citizen in Norway a national ID card will
-be required, and to get it one need to provide the fingerprints to
-the police.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;In addition to handing the fingerprint to the police (which
-promised to not make a copy of the fingerprint image at that point in
-time, but say nothing about doing it later), a picture of the finger
-print will be stored on the RFID chip, along with a picture of the
-face and other information about the person.  Some of the information
-will be encrypted, but the encryption will be the same system as
-currently used in the passports.  The codes to decrypt will be
-available to a lot of government offices and their suppliers around
-the globe, but for those that do now know anyone in those circles it
-is good to know that
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2006/nov/17/news.homeaffairs&quot;&gt;the
-encryption is already broken&lt;/a&gt;.  And they
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.networkworld.com/article/2215057/wireless/bad-guys-could-read-rfid-passports-at-217-feet--maybe-a-lot-more.html&quot;&gt;can
-be read from 70 meters away&lt;/a&gt;.  This can be mitigated a bit by
-keeping it in a Faraday cage (metal box or metal wire container), but
-one will be required to take it out of there often enough to expose
-ones private and personal information to a lot of people that have no
-business getting access to that information.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;The new Norwegian national IDs are a vehicle for identity theft,
-and I feel sorry for us all having politicians accepting such invasion
-of privacy without any objections.  So are the Norwegian passports,
-but it has been possible to function in Norway without those so far.
-That option is going away with the passing of the new law.  In this, I
-envy the Germans, because for them it is optional how much biometric
-information is stored in their national ID.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;And if forced collection of fingerprints was not bad enough, the
-information collected in the national ID card register can be handed
-over to foreign intelligence services and police authorities, &quot;when
-extradition is not considered disproportionate&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;
+               <title>Making battery measurements a little easier in Debian</title>
+               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Making_battery_measurements_a_little_easier_in_Debian.html</link>
+               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Making_battery_measurements_a_little_easier_in_Debian.html</guid>
+                <pubDate>Tue, 15 Mar 2016 15:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
+               <description>&lt;p&gt;Back in September, I blogged about
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_life_and_death_of_a_laptop_battery.html&quot;&gt;the
+system I wrote to collect statistics about my laptop battery&lt;/a&gt;, and
+how it showed the decay and death of this battery (now replaced).  I
+created a simple deb package to handle the collection and graphing,
+but did not want to upload it to Debian as there were already
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/battery-stats&quot;&gt;a battery-stats
+package in Debian&lt;/a&gt; that should do the same thing, and I did not see
+a point of uploading a competing package when battery-stats could be
+fixed instead.  I reported a few bugs about its non-function, and
+hoped someone would step in and fix it.  But no-one did.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;I got tired of waiting a few days ago, and took matters in my own
+hands.  The end result is that I am now the new upstream developer of
+battery stats (&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/battery-stats&quot;&gt;available from github&lt;/a&gt;) and part of the team maintaining
+battery-stats in Debian, and the package in Debian unstable is finally
+able to collect battery status using the &lt;tt&gt;/sys/class/power_supply/&lt;/tt&gt;
+information provided by the Linux kernel.  If you install the
+battery-stats package from unstable now, you will be able to get a
+graph of the current battery fill level, to get some idea about the
+status of the battery.  The source package build and work just fine in
+Debian testing and stable (and probably oldstable too, but I have not
+tested).  The default graph you get for that system look like this:&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2016-03-15-battery-stats-graph-example.png&quot; width=&quot;70%&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;My plans for the future is to merge my old scripts into the
+battery-stats package, as my old scripts collected a lot more details
+about the battery.  The scripts are merged into the upstream
+battery-stats git repository already, but I am not convinced they work
+yet, as I changed a lot of paths along the way.  Will have to test a
+bit more before I make a new release.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;I will also consider changing the file format slightly, as I
+suspect the way I combine several values into one field might make it
+impossible to know the type of the value when using it for processing
+and graphing.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;If you would like I would like to keep an close eye on your laptop
+battery, check out the battery-stats package in
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/battery-stats&quot;&gt;Debian&lt;/a&gt; and
+on
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/battery-stats&quot;&gt;github&lt;/a&gt;.
+I would love some help to improve the system further.&lt;/p&gt;

 </description>
        </item>
        
        <item>
 </description>
        </item>
        
        <item>

-               <title>What would it cost to store all phone calls in Norway?</title>
-               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/What_would_it_cost_to_store_all_phone_calls_in_Norway_.html</link>
-               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/What_would_it_cost_to_store_all_phone_calls_in_Norway_.html</guid>
-                <pubDate>Fri, 1 May 2015 19:30:00 +0200</pubDate>
-               <description>&lt;p&gt;Many years ago, a friend of mine calculated how much it would cost
-to store the sound of all phone calls in Norway, and came up with the
-cost of around 20 million NOK (2.4 mill EUR) for all the calls in a
-year.  I got curious and wondered what the same calculation would look
-like today.  To do so one need an idea of how much data storage is
-needed for each minute of sound, how many minutes all the calls in
-Norway sums up to, and the cost of data storage.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;The 2005 numbers are from
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.digi.no/analyser/2005/10/04/vi-prater-stadig-mindre-i-roret&quot;&gt;digi.no&lt;/a&gt;,
-the 2012 numbers are from
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nkom.no/aktuelt/nyheter/fortsatt-vekst-i-det-norske-ekommarkedet&quot;&gt;a
-NKOM report&lt;/a&gt;, and I got the 2013 numbers after asking NKOM via
-email.  I was told the numbers for 2014 will be presented May 20th,
-and decided not to wait for those, as I doubt they will be very
-different from the numbers from 2013.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;The amount of data storage per minute sound depend on the wanted
-quality, and for phone calls it is generally believed that 8 Kbit/s is
-enough.  See for example a
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/support/docs/voice/voice-quality/7934-bwidth-consume.html#topic1&quot;&gt;summary
-on voice quality from Cisco&lt;/a&gt; for some alternatives.  8 Kbit/s is 60
-Kbytes/min, and this can be multiplied with the number of call minutes
-to get the storage requirements.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Storage prices varies a lot, depending on speed, backup strategies,
-availability requirements etc.  But a simple way to calculate can be
-to use the price of a TiB-disk (around 1000 NOK / 120 EUR) and double
-it to take space, power and redundancy into account.  It could be much
-higher with high speed and good redundancy requirements.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;But back to the question, What would it cost to store all phone
-calls in Norway?  Not much.  Here is a small table showing the
-estimated cost, which is within the budget constraint of most medium
-and large organisations:&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;table border=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
-&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Year&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Call minutes&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Size&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Price in NOK / EUR&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
-&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;2005&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;24 000 000 000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;1.3 PiB&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;3 mill / 358 000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
-&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;2012&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;18 000 000 000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;1.0 PiB&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;2.2 mill / 262 000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
-&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;2013&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;17 000 000 000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;950 TiB&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;2.1 mill / 250 000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
-&lt;/table&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;This is the cost of buying the storage.  Maintenance need to be
-taken into account too, but calculating that is left as an exercise
-for the reader.  But it is obvious to me from those numbers that
-recording the sound of all phone calls in Norway is not going to be
-stopped because it is too expensive.  I wonder if someone already is
-collecting the data?&lt;/p&gt;
+               <title>Creating, updating and checking debian/copyright semi-automatically</title>
+               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Creating__updating_and_checking_debian_copyright_semi_automatically.html</link>
+               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Creating__updating_and_checking_debian_copyright_semi_automatically.html</guid>
+                <pubDate>Fri, 19 Feb 2016 15:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
+               <description>&lt;p&gt;Making packages for Debian requires quite a lot of attention to
+details.  And one of the details is the content of the
+debian/copyright file, which should list all relevant licenses used by
+the code in the package in question, preferably in
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.debian.org/doc/packaging-manuals/copyright-format/1.0/&quot;&gt;machine
+readable DEP5 format&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;For large packages with lots of contributors it is hard to write
+and update this file manually, and if you get some detail wrong, the
+package is normally rejected by the ftpmasters.  So getting it right
+the first time around get the package into Debian faster, and save
+both you and the ftpmasters some work..  Today, while trying to figure
+out what was wrong with
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=686447&quot;&gt;the
+zfsonlinux copyright file&lt;/a&gt;, I decided to spend some time on
+figuring out the options for doing this job automatically, or at least
+semi-automatically.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Lucikly, there are at least two tools available for generating the
+file based on the code in the source package,
+&lt;tt&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/debmake&quot;&gt;debmake&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/tt&gt;
+and &lt;tt&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/cme&quot;&gt;cme&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/tt&gt;.  I&#39;m
+not sure which one of them came first, but both seem to be able to
+create a sensible draft file.  As far as I can tell, none of them can
+be trusted to get the result just right, so the content need to be
+polished a bit before the file is OK to upload.  I found the debmake
+option in
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://goofying-with-debian.blogspot.com/2014/07/debmake-checking-source-against-dep-5.html&quot;&gt;a
+blog posts from 2014&lt;/a&gt;.
+
+&lt;p&gt;To generate using debmake, use the -cc option:
+
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;pre&gt;
+debmake -cc &gt; debian/copyright
+&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Note there are some problems with python and non-ASCII names, so
+this might not be the best option.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;The cme option is based on a config parsing library, and I found
+this approach in
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://ddumont.wordpress.com/2015/04/05/improving-creation-of-debian-copyright-file/&quot;&gt;a
+blog post from 2015&lt;/a&gt;.  To generate using cme, use the &#39;update
+dpkg-copyright&#39; option:
+
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;pre&gt;
+cme update dpkg-copyright
+&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;This will create or update debian/copyright.  The cme tool seem to
+handle UTF-8 names better than debmake.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;When the copyright file is created, I would also like some help to
+check if the file is correct.  For this I found two good options,
+&lt;tt&gt;debmake -k&lt;/tt&gt; and &lt;tt&gt;license-reconcile&lt;/tt&gt;.  The former seem
+to focus on license types and file matching, and is able to detect
+ineffective blocks in the copyright file.  The latter reports missing
+copyright holders and years, but was confused by inconsistent license
+names (like CDDL vs. CDDL-1.0).  I suspect it is good to use both and
+fix all issues reported by them before uploading.  But I do not know
+if the tools and the ftpmasters agree on what is important to fix in a
+copyright file, so the package might still be rejected.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;The devscripts tool &lt;tt&gt;licensecheck&lt;/tt&gt; deserve mentioning.  It
+will read through the source and try to find all copyright statements.
+It is not comparing the result to the content of debian/copyright, but
+can be useful when verifying the content of the copyright file.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Are you aware of better tools in Debian to create and update
+debian/copyright file.  Please let me know, or blog about it on
+planet.debian.org.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
+activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
+&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;bitcoin:15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b&quot;&gt;15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update 2016-02-20&lt;/strong&gt;: I got a tip from Mike Gabriel
+on how to use licensecheck and cdbs to create a draft copyright file
+
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;pre&gt;
+licensecheck --copyright -r `find * -type f` | \
+  /usr/lib/cdbs/licensecheck2dep5 &gt; debian/copyright.auto
+&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;He mentioned that he normally check the generated file into the
+version control system to make it easier to discover license and
+copyright changes in the upstream source.  I will try to do the same
+with my packages in the future.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update 2016-02-21&lt;/strong&gt;: The cme author recommended
+against using -quiet for new users, so I removed it from the proposed
+command line.&lt;/p&gt;

 </description>
        </item>
        
        <item>
 </description>
        </item>
        
        <item>

-               <title>First Jessie based Debian Edu beta release</title>
-               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Jessie_based_Debian_Edu_beta_release.html</link>
-               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Jessie_based_Debian_Edu_beta_release.html</guid>
-                <pubDate>Sun, 26 Apr 2015 14:10:00 +0200</pubDate>
-               <description>&lt;p&gt;I am happy to report that the Debian Edu team sent out
-&lt;a href=&quot;https://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2015/04/msg00000.html&quot;&gt;this
-announcement today&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;
+               <title>Using appstream in Debian to locate packages with firmware and mime type support</title>
+               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Using_appstream_in_Debian_to_locate_packages_with_firmware_and_mime_type_support.html</link>
+               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Using_appstream_in_Debian_to_locate_packages_with_firmware_and_mime_type_support.html</guid>
+                <pubDate>Thu, 4 Feb 2016 16:40:00 +0100</pubDate>
+               <description>&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.debian.org/DEP-11&quot;&gt;appstream system&lt;/a&gt;
+is taking shape in Debian, and one provided feature is a very
+convenient way to tell you which package to install to make a given
+firmware file available when the kernel is looking for it.  This can
+be done using apt-file too, but that is for someone else to blog
+about. :)&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Here is a small recipe to find the package with a given firmware
+file, in this example I am looking for ctfw-3.2.3.0.bin, randomly
+picked from the set of firmware announced using appstream in Debian
+unstable.  In general you would be looking for the firmware requested
+by the kernel during kernel module loading.  To find the package
+providing the example file, do like this:&lt;/p&gt;

 
 

-&lt;pre&gt;
-the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project is pleased to announce the first
-*beta* release of Debian Edu &quot;Jessie&quot; 8.0+edu0~b1, which for the first
-time is composed entirely of packages from the current Debian stable
-release, Debian 8 &quot;Jessie&quot;.
-
-(As most reading this will know, Debian &quot;Jessie&quot; hasn&#39;t actually been
-released by now. The release is still in progress but should finish
-later today ;)
-
-We expect to make a final release of Debian Edu &quot;Jessie&quot; in the coming
-weeks, timed with the first point release of Debian Jessie. Upgrades
-from this beta release of Debian Edu Jessie to the final release will
-be possible and encouraged!
-
-Please report feedback to debian-edu@lists.debian.org and/or submit
-bugs: http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs
-
-Debian Edu - sometimes also known as &quot;Skolelinux&quot; - is a complete
-operating system for schools, universities and other
-organisations. Through its pre- prepared installation profiles
-administrators can install servers, workstations and laptops which
-will work in harmony on the school network.  With Debian Edu, the
-teachers themselves or their technical support staff can roll out a
-complete multi-user, multi-machine study environment within hours or
-days.
-
-Debian Edu is already in use at several hundred schools all over the
-world, particularly in Germany, Spain and Norway. Installations come
-with hundreds of applications pre-installed, plus the whole Debian
-archive of thousands of compatible packages within easy reach.
-
-For those who want to give Debian Edu Jessie a try, download and
-installation instructions are available, including detailed
-instructions in the manual explaining the first steps, such as setting
-up a network or adding users.  Please note that the password for the
-user your prompted for during installation must have a length of at
-least 5 characters!
-
-== Where to download ==
-
-A multi-architecture CD / usbstick image (649 MiB) for network booting
-can be downloaded at the following locations:
-
-    http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~b1-CD.iso
-    rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~b1-CD.iso . 
-
-The SHA1SUM of this image is: 54a524d16246cddd8d2cfd6ea52f2dd78c47ee0a
-
-Alternatively an extended DVD / usbstick image (4.9 GiB) is also
-available, with more software included (saving additional download
-time):
-
-    http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~b1-USB.iso
-    rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~b1-USB.iso 
-
-The SHA1SUM of this image is: fb1f1504a490c077a48653898f9d6a461cb3c636
-
-Sources are available from the Debian archive, see
-http://ftp.debian.org/debian-cd/8.0.0/source/ for some download
-options.
-
-== Debian Edu Jessie manual in seven languages ==
-
-Please see https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie/ for
-the English version of the Debian Edu jessie manual.
-
-This manual has been fully translated to German, French, Italian,
-Danish, Dutch and Norwegian Bokmål. A partly translated version exists
-for Spanish.  See http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/ for
-online version of the translated manual.
-
-More information about Debian 8 &quot;Jessie&quot; itself is provided in the
-release notes and the installation manual:
-- http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/releasenotes
-- http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/installmanual
-
-
-== Errata / known problems ==
-
-    It takes up to 15 minutes for a changed hostname to be updated via
-    DHCP (#780461).
-
-    The hostname script fails to update LTSP server hostname (#783087). 
-
-Workaround: run update-hostname-from-ip on the client to update the
-hostname immediately.
-
-Check https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie for a possibly
-more current and complete list.
-
-== Some more details about Debian Edu 8.0+edu0~b1 Codename Jessie released 2015-04-25 ==
-
-=== Software updates ===
-
-Everything which is new in Debian 8 Jessie, e.g.:
-
- * Linux kernel 3.16.7-ctk9; for the i386 architecture, support for
-   i486 processors has been dropped; oldest supported ones: i586 (like
-   Intel Pentium and AMD K5).
-
- * Desktop environments KDE Plasma Workspaces 4.11.13, GNOME 3.14,
-   Xfce 4.12, LXDE 0.5.6
-   * new optional desktop environment: MATE 1.8
-   * KDE Plasma Workspaces is installed by default; to choose one of
-     the others see the manual.
- * the browsers Iceweasel 31 ESR and Chromium 41
- * LibreOffice 4.3.3
- * GOsa 2.7.4
- * LTSP 5.5.4
- * CUPS print system 1.7.5
- * new boot framework: systemd
- * Educational toolbox GCompris 14.12
- * Music creator Rosegarden 14.02
- * Image editor Gimp 2.8.14
- * Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.13.1
- * golearn 0.9
- * tuxpaint 0.9.22
- * New version of debian-installer from Debian Jessie.
- * Debian Jessie includes about 43000 packages available for installation.
- * More information about Debian 8 Jessie is provided in its release
-   notes and the installation manual, see the link above.
-
-=== Installation changes ===
-
-    Installations done via PXE now also install firmware automatically
-    for the hardware present.
-
-=== Fixed bugs ===
-
-A number of bugs have been fixed in this release; the most noticeable
-from a user perspective:
-
- * Inserting incorrect DNS information in Gosa will no longer break
-   DNS completely, but instead stop DNS updates until the incorrect
-   information is corrected (710362)
-
- * shutdown-at-night now shuts the system down if gdm3 is used (775608). 
-
-=== Sugar desktop removed ===
-
-As the Sugar desktop was removed from Debian Jessie, it is also not
-available in Debian Edu jessie.
-
-
-== About Debian Edu / Skolelinux ==
-
-Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux, is a Linux distribution based on
-Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
-configured school network. Directly after installation a school server
-running all services needed for a school network is set up just
-waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
-Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
-initial installation of the main server from CD or USB stick all other
-machines can be installed via the network. The provided school server
-provides LDAP database and Kerberos authentication service,
-centralized home directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other
-services.  The desktop contains more than 60 educational software
-packages and more are available from the Debian archive, and schools
-can choose between KDE, GNOME, LXDE, Xfce and MATE desktop
-environment.
+&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;pre&gt;
+% apt install appstream
+[...]
+% apt update
+[...]
+% appstreamcli what-provides firmware:runtime ctfw-3.2.3.0.bin | \
+  awk &#39;/Package:/ {print $2}&#39;
+firmware-qlogic
+%
+&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

 
 

-== About Debian ==
+&lt;p&gt;See &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.debian.org/AppStream/Guidelines&quot;&gt;the
+appstream wiki&lt;/a&gt; page to learn how to embed the package metadata in
+a way appstream can use.&lt;/p&gt;

 
 

-The Debian Project was founded in 1993 by Ian Murdock to be a truly
-free community project. Since then the project has grown to be one of
-the largest and most influential open source projects. Thousands of
-volunteers from all over the world work together to create and
-maintain Debian software. Available in 70 languages, and supporting a
-huge range of computer types, Debian calls itself the universal
-operating system.
+&lt;p&gt;This same approach can be used to find any package supporting a
+given MIME type.  This is very useful when you get a file you do not
+know how to handle.  First find the mime type using &lt;tt&gt;file
+--mime-type&lt;/tt&gt;, and next look up the package providing support for
+it.  Lets say you got an SVG file.  Its MIME type is image/svg+xml,
+and you can find all packages handling this type like this:&lt;/p&gt;

 
 

-== Thanks ==
+&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;pre&gt;
+% apt install appstream
+[...]
+% apt update
+[...]
+% appstreamcli what-provides mimetype image/svg+xml | \
+  awk &#39;/Package:/ {print $2}&#39;
+bkchem
+phototonic
+inkscape
+shutter
+tetzle
+geeqie
+xia
+pinta
+gthumb
+karbon
+comix
+mirage
+viewnior
+postr
+ristretto
+kolourpaint4
+eog
+eom
+gimagereader
+midori
+%
+&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

 
 

-Thanks to everyone making Debian and Debian Edu / Skolelinux happen!
-You rock.
-&lt;/pre&gt;
-</description>
-       </item>
-       
-       <item>
-               <title>Debian Edu interview: Shirish Agarwal</title>
-               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Shirish_Agarwal.html</link>
-               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Shirish_Agarwal.html</guid>
-                <pubDate>Wed, 15 Apr 2015 09:20:00 +0200</pubDate>
-               <description>&lt;p&gt;It was a surprise to me to learn that project to create a complete
-computer system for schools I&#39;ve involved in,
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.skolelinux.org/&quot;&gt;Debian Edu / Skolelinux&lt;/a&gt;, was
-being used in India.  But apparently it is, and I managed to get an
-interview with one of the friends of the project there, Shirish
-Agarwal.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Who are you, and how do you spend your days?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;My name is Shirish Agarwal. Based out of the educational and
-historical city of Pune, from the western state of Maharashtra, India.
-My bread comes from giving training, giving policy tips,
-installations on free software to mom and pop shops in different
-fields from Desktop publishing to retail shops as well as work with
-few software start-ups as well.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
-project?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;It started innocently enough. I have been using Debian for a few
-years and in one local minidebconf / debutsav I was asked if there was
-anything for schools or education. I had worked / played with free
-educational softwares such as Gcompris and Stellarium for my many
-nieces and nephews so researched and found Debian Edu or Skolelinux as
-it was known then.  Since then I have started using the various
-education meta-packages provided by the project.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
-Edu?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;It&#39;s closest I have seen where a package full of educational
-software are packed, which are free and open (both literally and
-figuratively).  Even if I take the simplest software which is
-gcompris, the number of activities therein are amazing. Another one of
-the softwares that I have liked for a long time is stellarium. Even
-pysycache is cool except for couple of issues I encountered
-&lt;a href=&quot;https://bugs.debian.org/781841&quot;&gt;#781841&lt;/a&gt; and
-&lt;a href=&quot;https://bugs.debian.org/781842&quot;&gt;#781842&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;I prefer software installed on the system over web based solutions,
-as a web site can disappear any time but the software on disk has the
-possibility of a larger life span.  Of course with both it&#39;s more a
-question if it has enough users who make it fun or sustainable or both
-for the developer per-se.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
-Edu?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;I do see that the Debian Edu team seems to be short-handed and I
-think more efforts should be made to make it popular and ask and take
-help from people and the larger community wherever possible.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;I don&#39;t see any disadvantage to use Skolelinux apart from the fact
-that most apps. are generic which is good or bad how you see it.
-However, saying that I do acknowledge the fact that the canvas is
-pretty big and there are lot of interesting ideas that could be done
-but for reasons not known not done or if done I don&#39;t know about them.
-Let me share some of the ideas (these are more upstream based but
-still) I have had for a long time :&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;1. Classical maths question of two trains in opposing directions
-each running @x kmph/mph at y distance, when they will meet and how
-far would each travel and similar questions like these.
-
-&lt;p&gt;The computer is a fantastic system where questions like these can
-be drawn, animated and the methodology and answers teased out in
-interactive manner. While sites such as the
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://mathforum.org/dr.math/faq/faq.two.trains.html&quot;&gt;Ask
-Dr. Math FAQ on The Two Trains problem&lt;/a&gt; (as an example or point of
-inspiration) can be used there is lot more that can be done.  I dunno
-if there is a free software which does something like this.  The idea
-being a blend of objects + animation + interaction which does
-this. The whole interaction could be gamified with points or sounds or
-colourful celebration whenever the user gets even part of the question
-or/and methodology right. That would help reinforce good behaviour.
-This understanding could be used to share/showcase everything from how
-the first wheel came to be, to evolution to how astronomy started,
-psychics and everything in-between.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;One specific idea in the train part was having the Linux mascot on
-one train and the BSD or GNU mascot on the other train and they
-meeting somewhere in-between. Characters from blender movies could
-also be used.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;2. Loads of crossword-puzzles with reference to subjects: We have
-enormous data sets in Wikipedia and Wikitionary.  I don&#39;t think it
-should be a big job to design crossword puzzles. Using categories and
-sub-categories it should be doable to have Q&amp;A single word answers
-from the existing data-sets. What would make it easy or hard could be
-the length of the word + existence of many or few vowels depending on
-the user&#39;s input.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;3. Jigsaw puzzles - We already have a great software called
-palapeli with number of slicers making it pretty interesting. What
-needs to be done is to download large number of public domain and
-copyleft images, tease and use IPTC tags to categorise them into
-nature, history etc.  and let it loose. This could turn to be really
-huge collection of images. One source could be taken from
-commons.wikimedia.org, others could be huge collection of royalty-free
-stock photos. Potential is immense.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Apart from this, free software suffers in two directions, we lag
-both in development (of using new features per-se) and maintenance a
-lot.  This is more so in educational software as these applications
-need to be timely and the opportunity cost of missing deadlines is
-immense. If we are able to solve issues of funding for development and
-maintenance of such software I don&#39;t see any big difficulties. I know
-of few start-ups in and around India who would love to develop and
-maintain such software if funding issues could be solved.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Which free software do you use daily?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;That would be huge list. Some of the softwares are obviously apt,
-aptitude, debdelta, leafpad, the shell of course (zsh nowadays),
-quassel for IRC. In games I use shisen-sho while card-games are evenly
-between kpat and Aiselriot.  In desktops it&#39;s a tie between
-gnome-flashback and mate.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
-get schools to use free software?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;I think it should first start with using specific FOSS apps. in
-whatever environment they are. If it&#39;s MS-Windows or Mac so be it.
-Once they are habitual with the apps. and there is buy-in from the
-school management then it could be installed anywhere. Most of the
-people now understand the concept of a repository because of the
-various online stores so it isn&#39;t hard to convince on that front.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;What is harder is having enough people with technical skills and
-passion to service them. If you get buy-in from one or two teachers
-then ideas like above could also be asked to be done as a project as
-well.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;I think where we fall short more than anything is in marketing. For
-instance, Debian has this whole range of fonts in its archive but
-there isn&#39;t even a page where all those different fonts in the La
-Ipsum format could be tried out for newcomers.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;One of the issues faced constantly in installations is with updates
-and upgrades.  People have this myth that each update and upgrade
-means the user interface will / has to change. I have seen this
-innumerable times.  That perhaps is one of the reasons which browsers
-like Iceweasel / Firefox change user interfaces so much, not because
-it might be needed or be functional but because people believe that
-changed user interfaces are better. This, can easily be pointed with
-the user interfaces changed with almost every MS-Windows and Mac OS
-releases.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;The problems with Debian Edu for deployment are many. The biggest
-is the huge gap between what is taught in schools and what Debian Edu
-is aimed at.
-
-&lt;p&gt;Me and my friends did teach on week-ends in a government school for
-around 2 years, and
-&lt;a href=&quot;https://flossexperiences.wordpress.com/2012/10/08/sharings/&quot;&gt;gathered
-some experience&lt;/a&gt; there.  Some of the things we learnt/discovered
-there was :&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;ol&gt;
-
-  &lt;li&gt;Most of the teachers are very territorial about their subjects
-   and they do not want you to teach anything out of the
-   portion/syllabus given.&lt;/li&gt;
-
-  &lt;li&gt;They want any activity on the system in accordance to whatever
-   is in the syllabus.&lt;/li&gt;
-
-  &lt;li&gt;There are huge barriers both with the English language and at
-   times with objects or whatever. An example, let&#39;s say in gcompris
-   you have objects falling down and you have to name them and let&#39;s
-   say the falling object is a hat or a fedora hat, this would not be
-   as recognizable as say a
-   &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puneri_Pagadi&quot;&gt;Puneri
-   Pagdi&lt;/a&gt; so there is need to inject local objects, words wherever
-   possible. Especially for word-games there are so many hindi words
-   which have become part of english vocabulary (for instance in
-   parley), those could be made into a hinglish collection or
-   something but that is something for upstream to do.&lt;/li&gt;
-
-&lt;/ol&gt;
+&lt;p&gt;I believe the MIME types are fetched from the desktop file for
+packages providing appstream metadata.&lt;/p&gt;

 </description>
        </item>
        
        <item>
 </description>
        </item>
        
        <item>

-               <title>I&#39;m going to the Open Source Developers&#39; Conference Nordic 2015!</title>
-               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/I_m_going_to_the_Open_Source_Developers__Conference_Nordic_2015_.html</link>
-               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/I_m_going_to_the_Open_Source_Developers__Conference_Nordic_2015_.html</guid>
-                <pubDate>Tue, 7 Apr 2015 10:30:00 +0200</pubDate>
-               <description>&lt;p&gt;I am happy to let you all know that I&#39;m going to the &lt;a
-href=&quot;http://act.osdc.no/osdc2015no/&quot;&gt;Open Source Developers&#39;
-Conference Nordic 2015&lt;/a&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;It take place Friday 8th to Sunday 10th of May in Oslo next to
-where I work, and I finally got around to submitting
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://act.osdc.no/osdc2015no/talk/6192&quot;&gt;a talk proposal for
-it&lt;/a&gt; (dead link for most people until the talk is accepted).  As
-part of my involvement with the
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/&quot;&gt;Norwegian Unix User Group member
-association&lt;/a&gt; I have been slightly involved in the planning of this
-conference for a while now, with a focus on organising a Civic Hacking
-Hackathon with our friends
-over at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mysociety.org/&quot;&gt;mySociety&lt;/a&gt; and
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.holderdeord.no/&quot;&gt;Holder de ord&lt;/a&gt;.  This part is
-named the &#39;My Society&#39; track in the program.  There is still space for
-more talks and participants.  I hope to see you there.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Check out &lt;a href=&quot;http://act.osdc.no/osdc2015no/talks&quot;&gt;the talks
-submitted and accepted so far&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
+               <title>Creepy, visualise geotagged social media information - nice free software</title>
+               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Creepy__visualise_geotagged_social_media_information___nice_free_software.html</link>
+               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Creepy__visualise_geotagged_social_media_information___nice_free_software.html</guid>
+                <pubDate>Sun, 24 Jan 2016 10:50:00 +0100</pubDate>
+               <description>&lt;p&gt;Most people seem not to realise that every time they walk around
+with the computerised radio beacon known as a mobile phone their
+position is tracked by the phone company and often stored for a long
+time (like every time a SMS is received or sent).  And if their
+computerised radio beacon is capable of running programs (often called
+mobile apps) downloaded from the Internet, these programs are often
+also capable of tracking their location (if the app requested access
+during installation).  And when these programs send out information to
+central collection points, the location is often included, unless
+extra care is taken to not send the location.  The provided
+information is used by several entities, for good and bad (what is
+good and bad, depend on your point of view).  What is certain, is that
+the private sphere and the right to free movement is challenged and
+perhaps even eradicated for those announcing their location this way,
+when they share their whereabouts with private and public
+entities.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;img width=&quot;70%&quot; src=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2016-01-24-nice-creepy-desktop-window.png&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;The phone company logs provide a register of locations to check out
+when one want to figure out what the tracked person was doing.  It is
+unavailable for most of us, but provided to selected government
+officials, company staff, those illegally buying information from
+unfaithful servants and crackers stealing the information.  But the
+public information can be collected and analysed, and a free software
+tool to do so is called
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.geocreepy.com/&quot;&gt;Creepy or Cree.py&lt;/a&gt;.  I
+discovered it when I read
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.aftenposten.no/kultur/Slik-kan-du-bli-overvaket-pa-Twitter-og-Instagram-uten-a-ane-det-7787884.html&quot;&gt;an
+article about Creepy&lt;/a&gt; in the Norwegian newspaper Aftenposten i
+November 2014, and decided to check if it was available in Debian.
+The python program was in Debian, but
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/creepy&quot;&gt;the version in
+Debian&lt;/a&gt; was completely broken and practically unmaintained.  I
+uploaded a new version which did not work quite right, but did not
+have time to fix it then.  This Christmas I decided to finally try to
+get Creepy operational in Debian.  Now a fixed version is available in
+Debian unstable and testing, and almost all Debian specific patches
+are now included
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/jkakavas/creepy&quot;&gt;upstream&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;The Creepy program visualises geolocation information fetched from
+Twitter, Instagram, Flickr and Google+, and allow one to get a
+complete picture of every social media message posted recently in a
+given area, or track the movement of a given individual across all
+these services.  Earlier it was possible to use the search API of at
+least some of these services without identifying oneself, but these
+days it is impossible.  This mean that to use Creepy, you need to
+configure it to log in as yourself on these services, and provide
+information to them about your search interests.  This should be taken
+into account when using Creepy, as it will also share information
+about yourself with the services.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;The picture above show the twitter messages sent from (or at least
+geotagged with a position from) the city centre of Oslo, the capital
+of Norway.  One useful way to use Creepy is to first look at
+information tagged with an area of interest, and next look at all the
+information provided by one or more individuals who was in the area.
+I tested it by checking out which celebrity provide their location in
+twitter messages by checkout out who sent twitter messages near a
+Norwegian TV station, and next could track their position over time,
+making it possible to locate their home and work place, among other
+things.  A similar technique have been
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.buzzfeed.com/maxseddon/does-this-soldiers-instagram-account-prove-russia-is-covertl&quot;&gt;used
+to locate Russian soldiers in Ukraine&lt;/a&gt;, and it is both a powerful
+tool to discover lying governments, and a useful tool to help people
+understand the value of the private information they provide to the
+public.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;The package is not trivial to backport to Debian Stable/Jessie, as
+it depend on several python modules currently missing in Jessie (at
+least python-instagram, python-flickrapi and
+python-requests-toolbelt).&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;(I have uploaded
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://screenshots.debian.net/package/creepy&quot;&gt;the image to
+screenshots.debian.net&lt;/a&gt; and licensed it under the same terms as the
+Creepy program in Debian.)&lt;/p&gt;

 </description>
        </item>
        
        <item>
 </description>
        </item>
        
        <item>

-               <title>Proof reading the Norwegian translation of Free Culture by Lessig</title>
-               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Proof_reading_the_Norwegian_translation_of_Free_Culture_by_Lessig.html</link>
-               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Proof_reading_the_Norwegian_translation_of_Free_Culture_by_Lessig.html</guid>
-                <pubDate>Sat, 4 Apr 2015 09:30:00 +0200</pubDate>
-               <description>&lt;p&gt;During eastern I had some time to continue working on the Norwegian
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.docbook.org/&quot;&gt;docbook&lt;/a&gt; version of the 2004 book
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://free-culture.cc/&quot;&gt;Free Culture&lt;/a&gt; by Lawrence Lessig.
-At the moment I am proof reading the finished text, looking for typos,
-inconsistent wordings and sentences that do not flow as they should.
-I&#39;m more than two thirds done with the text, and welcome others to
-check the text up to chapter 13.  The current status is available on the
-&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig&quot;&gt;github&lt;/a&gt;
-project pages.  You can also check out the 
-&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig/blob/master/archive/freeculture.nb.pdf?raw=true&quot;&gt;PDF&lt;/a&gt;,
-&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig/blob/master/archive/freeculture.nb.epub?raw=true&quot;&gt;EPUB&lt;/a&gt;
-and HTML version available in the
-&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig/tree/master/archive&quot;&gt;archive
-directory&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Please report typos, bugs and improvements to the github project if
-you find any.&lt;/p&gt;
+               <title>Always download Debian packages using Tor - the simple recipe</title>
+               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Always_download_Debian_packages_using_Tor___the_simple_recipe.html</link>
+               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Always_download_Debian_packages_using_Tor___the_simple_recipe.html</guid>
+                <pubDate>Fri, 15 Jan 2016 00:30:00 +0100</pubDate>
+               <description>&lt;p&gt;During his DebConf15 keynote, Jacob Appelbaum
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://summit.debconf.org/debconf15/meeting/331/what-is-to-be-done/&quot;&gt;observed
+that those listening on the Internet lines would have good reason to
+believe a computer have a given security hole&lt;/a&gt; if it download a
+security fix from a Debian mirror.  This is a good reason to always
+use encrypted connections to the Debian mirror, to make sure those
+listening do not know which IP address to attack.  In August, Richard
+Hartmann observed that encryption was not enough, when it was possible
+to interfere download size to security patches or the fact that
+download took place shortly after a security fix was released, and
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://richardhartmann.de/blog/posts/2015/08/24-Tor-enabled_Debian_mirror/&quot;&gt;proposed
+to always use Tor to download packages from the Debian mirror&lt;/a&gt;.  He
+was not the first to propose this, as the
+&lt;tt&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/apt-transport-tor&quot;&gt;apt-transport-tor&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/tt&gt;
+package by Tim Retout already existed to make it easy to convince apt
+to use &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.torproject.org/&quot;&gt;Tor&lt;/a&gt;, but I was not
+aware of that package when I read the blog post from Richard.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Richard discussed the idea with Peter Palfrader, one of the Debian
+sysadmins, and he set up a Tor hidden service on one of the central
+Debian mirrors using the address vwakviie2ienjx6t.onion, thus making
+it possible to download packages directly between two tor nodes,
+making sure the network traffic always were encrypted.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Here is a short recipe for enabling this on your machine, by
+installing &lt;tt&gt;apt-transport-tor&lt;/tt&gt; and replacing http and https
+urls with tor+http and tor+https, and using the hidden service instead
+of the official Debian mirror site.  I recommend installing
+&lt;tt&gt;etckeeper&lt;/tt&gt; before you start to have a history of the changes
+done in /etc/.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;pre&gt;
+apt install apt-transport-tor
+sed -i &#39;s% http://ftp.debian.org/% tor+http://vwakviie2ienjx6t.onion/%&#39; /etc/apt/sources.list
+sed -i &#39;s% http% tor+http%&#39; /etc/apt/sources.list
+&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;If you have more sources listed in /etc/apt/sources.list.d/, run
+the sed commands for these too.  The sed command is assuming your are
+using the ftp.debian.org Debian mirror.  Adjust the command (or just
+edit the file manually) to match your mirror.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;This work in Debian Jessie and later.  Note that tools like
+&lt;tt&gt;apt-file&lt;/tt&gt; only recently started using the apt transport
+system, and do not work with these tor+http URLs.  For
+&lt;tt&gt;apt-file&lt;/tt&gt; you need the version currently in experimental,
+which need a recent apt version currently only in unstable.  So if you
+need a working &lt;tt&gt;apt-file&lt;/tt&gt;, this is not for you.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Another advantage from this change is that your machine will start
+using Tor regularly and at fairly random intervals (every time you
+update the package lists or upgrade or install a new package), thus
+masking other Tor traffic done from the same machine.  Using Tor will
+become normal for the machine in question.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;On &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.debian.org/FreedomBox&quot;&gt;Freedombox&lt;/a&gt;, APT
+is set up by default to use &lt;tt&gt;apt-transport-tor&lt;/tt&gt; when Tor is
+enabled.  It would be great if it was the default on any Debian
+system.&lt;/p&gt;

 </description>
        </item>
        
        <item>
 </description>
        </item>
        
        <item>

-               <title>Frikanalen, Norwegian TV channel for technical topics</title>
-               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Frikanalen__Norwegian_TV_channel_for_technical_topics.html</link>
-               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Frikanalen__Norwegian_TV_channel_for_technical_topics.html</guid>
-                <pubDate>Mon, 9 Mar 2015 11:10:00 +0100</pubDate>
-               <description>&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/&quot;&gt;Norwegian Unix User Group&lt;/a&gt;,
-where I am a member, and where people interested in free software,
-open standards and UNIX like operating systems like Linux and the BSDs
-come together, record our monthly technical presentations on video.
-The purpose is to document the talks and spread them to a wider
-audience.  For this, the the Norwegian nationwide open channel
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.frikanalen.no/&quot;&gt;Frikanalen&lt;/a&gt; is a useful venue.
-Since a few days ago, when I figured out the
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://beta.frikanalen.no/api/&quot;&gt;REST API&lt;/a&gt; to program the
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://beta.frikanalen.tv/guide/&quot;&gt;channel time schedule&lt;/a&gt;,
-the channel has been filled with NUUG talks, related recordings and
-some Creative Commons licensed TED talks (from archive.org).  I fill
-all &quot;leftover bits&quot; on the channel with content from NUUG, which at
-the moment is almost 17 of 24 hours every day.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;The list of NUUG videos
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://beta.frikanalen.tv/organization/82&quot;&gt;uploaded so far&lt;/a&gt;
-include things like a
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://beta.frikanalen.tv/video/625090&quot;&gt;one hour talk by John
-Perry Barlow when he visited Oslo&lt;/a&gt;, a presentation of
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://beta.frikanalen.tv/video/624275&quot;&gt;Haiku, the BeOS
-re-implementation&lt;/a&gt;, the
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://beta.frikanalen.tv/video/624493&quot;&gt;history of FiksGataMi,
-the Norwegian version of FixMyStreet&lt;/a&gt;, the good old
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://beta.frikanalen.tv/video/623566&quot;&gt;Warriors of the net
-video&lt;/A&gt; and many others.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;We have a large backlog of NUUG talks not yet uploaded to
-Frikanalen, and plan to upload every useful bit to the channel to
-spread the word there.  I also hope to find useful recordings from the
-Chaos Computer Club and Debian conferences and spread them on the
-channel as well.  But this require locating the videos and their meta
-information (title, description, license, etc), and preparing the
-recordings for broadcast, and I have not yet had the spare time to
-focus on this.  Perhaps you want to help.  Please join us on IRC,
-&lt;a href=&quot;irc://irc.freenode.net/%23nuug&quot;&gt;#nuug on irc.freenode.net&lt;/a&gt;
-if you want to help make this happen.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;But as I said, already the channel is already almost exclusively
-filled with technical topics, and if you want to learn something new
-today, check out the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.frikanalen.tv/se&quot;&gt;Ogg Theora
-web stream&lt;/a&gt; or use one of the other ways to get access to the
-channel.  Unfortunately the Ogg Theora recoding for distribution still
-do not properly sync the video and sound.  It is generated by recoding
-a internal MPEG transport stream with MPEG4 coded video (ie H.264) to
-Ogg Theora / Vorbis, and we have not been able to find a way that
-produces acceptable quality.  Help needed, please get in touch if you
-know how to fix it using free software.&lt;/p&gt;
+               <title>Nedlasting fra NRK, som Matroska med undertekster</title>
+               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Nedlasting_fra_NRK__som_Matroska_med_undertekster.html</link>
+               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Nedlasting_fra_NRK__som_Matroska_med_undertekster.html</guid>
+                <pubDate>Sat, 2 Jan 2016 13:50:00 +0100</pubDate>
+               <description>&lt;p&gt;Det kommer stadig nye løsninger for å ta lagre unna innslag fra NRK
+for å se på det senere.  For en stund tilbake kom jeg over et script
+nrkopptak laget av Ingvar Hagelund.  Han fjernet riktignok sitt script
+etter forespørsel fra Erik Bolstad i NRK, men noen tok heldigvis og
+gjorde det &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/liangqi/nrkopptak&quot;&gt;tilgjengelig
+via github&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Scriptet kan lagre som MPEG4 eller Matroska, og bake inn
+undertekster i fila på et vis som blant annet VLC forstår.  For å
+bruke scriptet, kopier ned git-arkivet og kjør&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;pre&gt;
+nrkopptak/bin/nrk-opptak k &lt;ahref=&quot;https://tv.nrk.no/serie/bmi-turne/MUHH45000115/sesong-1/episode-1&quot;&gt;https://tv.nrk.no/serie/bmi-turne/MUHH45000115/sesong-1/episode-1&lt;/a&gt;
+&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;URL-eksemplet er dagens toppsak på tv.nrk.no.  Argument &#39;k&#39; ber
+scriptet laste ned og lagre som Matroska.  Det finnes en rekke andre
+muligheter for valg av kvalitet og format.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Jeg foretrekker dette scriptet fremfor youtube-dl, som
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hvordan_enkelt_laste_ned_filmer_fra_NRK_med_den__nye__l_sningen.html&quot;&gt;
+nevnt i 2014 støtter NRK&lt;/a&gt; og en rekke andre videokilder, på grunn
+av at nrkopptak samler undertekster og video i en enkelt fil, hvilket
+gjør håndtering enklere på disk.&lt;/p&gt;

 </description>
        </item>
        
        <item>
 </description>
        </item>
        
        <item>

-               <title>The Citizenfour documentary on the Snowden confirmations to Norway</title>
-               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_Citizenfour_documentary_on_the_Snowden_confirmations_to_Norway.html</link>
-               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_Citizenfour_documentary_on_the_Snowden_confirmations_to_Norway.html</guid>
-                <pubDate>Sat, 28 Feb 2015 22:10:00 +0100</pubDate>
-               <description>&lt;p&gt;Today I was happy to learn that the documentary
-&lt;a href=&quot;https://citizenfourfilm.com/&quot;&gt;Citizenfour&lt;/a&gt; by
-&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laura_Poitras&quot;&gt;Laura Poitras&lt;/a&gt;
-finally will show up in Norway.  According to the magazine
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://montages.no/&quot;&gt;Montages&lt;/a&gt;, a deal has finally been
-made for
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://montages.no/nyheter/snowden-dokumentaren-citizenfour-far-norsk-kinodistribusjon/&quot;&gt;Cinema
-distribution in Norway&lt;/a&gt; and the movie will have its premiere soon.
-This is great news.  As part of my involvement with
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/&quot;&gt;the Norwegian Unix User Group&lt;/a&gt;, me and
-a friend have
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/news/Dokumentar_om_Snowdenbekreftelsene_til_Norge_.shtml&quot;&gt;tried
-to get the movie to Norway&lt;/a&gt; ourselves, but obviously
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/news/Dokumentar_om_Snowdenbekreftelsene_endelig_til_Norge_.shtml&quot;&gt;we
-were too late&lt;/a&gt; and Tor Fosse beat us to it.  I am happy he did, as
-the movie will make its way to the public and we do not have to make
-it happen ourselves.
-&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XiGwAvd5mvM&quot;&gt;The trailer&lt;/a&gt;
-can be seen on youtube, if you are curious what kind of film this
-is.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;The whistle blower Edward Snowden really deserve political asylum
-here in Norway, but I am afraid he would not be safe.&lt;/p&gt;
+               <title>OpenALPR, find car license plates in video streams - nice free software</title>
+               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/OpenALPR__find_car_license_plates_in_video_streams___nice_free_software.html</link>
+               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/OpenALPR__find_car_license_plates_in_video_streams___nice_free_software.html</guid>
+                <pubDate>Wed, 23 Dec 2015 01:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
+               <description>&lt;p&gt;When I was a kid, we used to collect &quot;car numbers&quot;, as we used to
+call the car license plate numbers in those days.  I would write the
+numbers down in my little book and compare notes with the other kids
+to see how many region codes we had seen and if we had seen some
+exotic or special region codes and numbers.  It was a fun game to pass
+time, as we kids have plenty of it.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;A few days I came across
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/openalpr/openalpr&quot;&gt;the OpenALPR
+project&lt;/a&gt;, a free software project to automatically discover and
+report license plates in images and video streams, and provide the
+&quot;car numbers&quot; in a machine readable format.  I&#39;ve been looking for
+such system for a while now, because I believe it is a bad idea that the
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automatic_number_plate_recognition&quot;&gt;automatic
+number plate recognition&lt;/a&gt; tool only is available in the hands of
+the powerful, and want it to be available also for the powerless to
+even the score when it comes to surveillance and sousveillance.  I
+discovered the developer
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://bugs.debian.org/747509&quot;&gt;wanted to get the tool into
+Debian&lt;/a&gt;, and as I too wanted it to be in Debian, I volunteered to
+help him get it into shape to get the package uploaded into the Debian
+archive.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Today we finally managed to get the package into shape and uploaded
+it into Debian, where it currently
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://ftp-master.debian.org//new/openalpr_2.2.1-1.html&quot;&gt;waits
+in the NEW queue&lt;/a&gt; for review by the Debian ftpmasters.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;I guess you are wondering why on earth such tool would be useful
+for the common folks, ie those not running a large government
+surveillance system?  Well, I plan to put it in a computer on my bike
+and in my car, tracking the cars nearby and allowing me to be notified
+when number plates on my watch list are discovered.  Another use case
+was suggested by a friend of mine, who wanted to set it up at his home
+to open the car port automatically when it discovered the plate on his
+car.  When I mentioned it perhaps was a bit foolhardy to allow anyone
+capable of placing his license plate number of a piece of cardboard to
+open his car port, men replied that it was always unlocked anyway.  I
+guess for such use case it make sense.  I am sure there are other use
+cases too, for those with imagination and a vision.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;If you want to build your own version of the Debian package, check
+out the upstream git source and symlink ./distros/debian to ./debian/
+before running &quot;debuild&quot; to build the source.  Or wait a bit until the
+package show up in unstable.&lt;/p&gt;

 </description>
        </item>
        
        <item>
 </description>
        </item>
        
        <item>

-               <title>The Norwegian open channel Frikanalen - 24x7 on the Internet</title>
-               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_Norwegian_open_channel_Frikanalen___24x7_on_the_Internet.html</link>
-               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_Norwegian_open_channel_Frikanalen___24x7_on_the_Internet.html</guid>
-                <pubDate>Wed, 25 Feb 2015 09:10:00 +0100</pubDate>
-               <description>&lt;p&gt;The Norwegian nationwide open channel
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.frikanalen.no/&quot;&gt;Frikanalen&lt;/a&gt; is still going
-strong.  It allow everyone to send the video they want on national
-television.  It is a TV station administrated completely using a web
-browser, running only &lt;ahref=&quot;https://github.com/Frikanalen&quot;&gt;Free
-Software&lt;/a&gt;, providing &lt;ahref=&quot;http://beta.frikanalen.tv/api&quot;&gt;a REST
-api&lt;/a&gt; for administrators and members, and with distribution on the
-national DVB-T distribution network RiksTV.  But only between 12:00
-and 17:30 Norwegian time.  This has finally changed, after many years
-with limited distribution.  A few weeks ago, we set up a Ogg Theora
-stream via icecast to allow everyone with Internet access to check out
-the channel the rest of the day.  This is presented on
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.frikanalen.tv/se&quot;&gt;the Frikanalen web site now&lt;/a&gt;.  And
-since a few days ago, the channel is also available
-via &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.uninett.no/iptv-tilgang&quot;&gt;multicast on
-UNINETT&lt;/a&gt;, available for those using IPTV TVs and set-top boxes in
-the Norwegian National Research and Education network.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;If you want to see what is on the channel, point your media player
-to one of these sources.  The first should work with most players and
-browsers, while as far as I know, the multicast UDP stream only work
-with VLC.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;ul&gt;
-  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://video.nuug.no/frikanalen.ogv&quot;&gt;http://video.nuug.no/frikanalen.ogv&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
-  &lt;li&gt;udp://@224.17.43.129:1234&lt;/li&gt;
-&lt;/ul&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;The Ogg Theora / icecast stream is not working well, as the video
-and audio is slightly out of sync.  We have not been able to figure
-out how to fix it.  It is generated by recoding a internal MPEG
-transport stream with MPEG4 coded video (ie H.264) to Ogg Theora /
-Vorbis, and the result is less then stellar.  If you have ideas how to
-fix it, please let us know on frikanalen (at) nuug.no.  We currently
-use this with ffmpeg2theora 0.29:&lt;/p&gt;
+               <title>Using appstream with isenkram to install hardware related packages in Debian</title>
+               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Using_appstream_with_isenkram_to_install_hardware_related_packages_in_Debian.html</link>
+               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Using_appstream_with_isenkram_to_install_hardware_related_packages_in_Debian.html</guid>
+                <pubDate>Sun, 20 Dec 2015 12:20:00 +0100</pubDate>
+               <description>&lt;p&gt;Around three years ago, I created
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://packages.qa.debian.org/isenkram&quot;&gt;the isenkram
+system&lt;/a&gt; to get a more practical solution in Debian for handing
+hardware related packages.  A GUI system in the isenkram package will
+present a pop-up dialog when some hardware dongle supported by
+relevant packages in Debian is inserted into the machine.  The same
+lookup mechanism to detect packages is available as command line
+tools in the isenkram-cli package.  In addition to mapping hardware,
+it will also map kernel firmware files to packages and make it easy to
+install needed firmware packages automatically.  The key for this
+system to work is a good way to map hardware to packages, in other
+words, allow packages to announce what hardware they will work
+with.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;I started by providing data files in the isenkram source, and
+adding code to download the latest version of these data files at run
+time, to ensure every user had the most up to date mapping available.
+I also added support for storing the mapping in the Packages file in
+the apt repositories, but did not push this approach because while I
+was trying to figure out how to best store hardware/package mappings,
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.freedesktop.org/software/appstream/docs/&quot;&gt;the
+appstream system&lt;/a&gt; was announced.  I got in touch and suggested to
+add the hardware mapping into that data set to be able to use
+appstream as a data source, and this was accepted at least for the
+Debian version of appstream.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;A few days ago using appstream in Debian for this became possible,
+and today I uploaded a new version 0.20 of isenkram adding support for
+appstream as a data source for mapping hardware to packages.  The only
+package so far using appstream to announce its hardware support is my
+pymissile package.  I got help from Matthias Klumpp with figuring out
+how do add the required
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://appstream.debian.org/html/sid/main/metainfo/pymissile.html&quot;&gt;metadata
+in pymissile&lt;/a&gt;.  I added a file debian/pymissile.metainfo.xml with
+this content:&lt;/p&gt;

 
 &lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;pre&gt;
 
 &lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;pre&gt;

-./ffmpeg2theora.linux &amp;lt;OBE_gemini_URL.ts&amp;gt; -F 25 -x 720 -y 405 \
- --deinterlace --inputfps 25 -c 1 -H 48000 --keyint 8 --buf-delay 100 \
- --nosync -V 700 -o - | oggfwd video.nuug.no 8000 &amp;lt;pw&amp;gt; /frikanalen.ogv
+&amp;lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;UTF-8&quot;?&amp;gt;
+&amp;lt;component&amp;gt;
+  &amp;lt;id&amp;gt;pymissile&amp;lt;/id&amp;gt;
+  &amp;lt;metadata_license&amp;gt;MIT&amp;lt;/metadata_license&amp;gt;
+  &amp;lt;name&amp;gt;pymissile&amp;lt;/name&amp;gt;
+  &amp;lt;summary&amp;gt;Control original Striker USB Missile Launcher&amp;lt;/summary&amp;gt;
+  &amp;lt;description&amp;gt;
+    &amp;lt;p&amp;gt;
+      Pymissile provides a curses interface to control an original
+      Marks and Spencer / Striker USB Missile Launcher, as well as a
+      motion control script to allow a webcamera to control the
+      launcher.
+    &amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;
+  &amp;lt;/description&amp;gt;
+  &amp;lt;provides&amp;gt;
+    &amp;lt;modalias&amp;gt;usb:v1130p0202d*&amp;lt;/modalias&amp;gt;
+  &amp;lt;/provides&amp;gt;
+&amp;lt;/component&amp;gt;

 &lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;
 
 &lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;
 

-&lt;p&gt;If you get the multicast UDP stream working, please let me know, as
-I am curious how far the multicast stream reach.  It do not make it to
-my home network, nor any other commercially available network in
-Norway that I am aware of.&lt;/p&gt;
+&lt;p&gt;The key for isenkram is the component/provides/modalias value,
+which is a glob style match rule for hardware specific strings
+(modalias strings) provided by the Linux kernel.  In this case, it
+will map to all USB devices with vendor code 1130 and product code
+0202.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Note, it is important that the license of all the metadata files
+are compatible to have permissions to aggregate them into archive wide
+appstream files.  Matthias suggested to use MIT or BSD licenses for
+these files.  A challenge is figuring out a good id for the data, as
+it is supposed to be globally unique and shared across distributions
+(in other words, best to coordinate with upstream what to use).  But
+it can be changed later or, so we went with the package name as
+upstream for this project is dormant.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;To get the metadata file installed in the correct location for the
+mirror update scripts to pick it up and include its content the
+appstream data source, the file must be installed in the binary
+package under /usr/share/appdata/.  I did this by adding the following
+line to debian/pymissile.install:&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;pre&gt;
+debian/pymissile.metainfo.xml usr/share/appdata
+&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;With that in place, the command line tool isenkram-lookup will list
+all packages useful on the current computer automatically, and the GUI
+pop-up handler will propose to install the package not already
+installed if a hardware dongle is inserted into the machine in
+question.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Details of the modalias field in appstream is available from the 
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.debian.org/DEP-11&quot;&gt;DEP-11&lt;/a&gt; proposal.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;To locate the modalias values of all hardware present in a machine,
+try running this command on the command line:&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;pre&gt;
+cat $(find /sys/devices/|grep modalias)
+&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;To learn more about the isenkram system, please check out
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram/&quot;&gt;my
+blog posts tagged isenkram&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
+</description>
+       </item>
+       
+       <item>
+               <title>Bokhandeldistribusjon av boken Fri kultur av Lawrence Lessig</title>
+               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Bokhandeldistribusjon_av_boken_Fri_kultur_av_Lawrence_Lessig.html</link>
+               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Bokhandeldistribusjon_av_boken_Fri_kultur_av_Lawrence_Lessig.html</guid>
+                <pubDate>Mon, 14 Dec 2015 12:10:00 +0100</pubDate>
+               <description>&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Besøk
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.lulu.com/shop/lawrence-lessig/fri-kultur/paperback/product-22441576.html&quot;&gt;lulu.com&lt;/a&gt;
+eller
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.amazon.com/Fri-kultur-Norwegian-Lawrence-Lessig/dp/8269018236/&quot;&gt;Amazon&lt;/a&gt;
+for å kjøpe boken på papir, eller last ned ebook som
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig/raw/master/archive/freeculture.nb.pdf&quot;&gt;PDF&lt;/a&gt;,
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig/raw/master/archive/freeculture.nb.epub&quot;&gt;ePub&lt;/a&gt;
+eller
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig/raw/master/archive/freeculture.nb.mobi&quot;&gt;MOBI&lt;/a&gt;
+fra
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig/&quot;&gt;github&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Jeg ble gledelig overrasket i dag da jeg oppdaget at boken jeg har
+gitt ut
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.amazon.com/Fri-kultur-Norwegian-Lawrence-Lessig/dp/8269018236/&quot;&gt;hadde
+dukket opp i Amazon&lt;/a&gt;.  Jeg hadde trodd det skulle ta lenger tid, da
+jeg fikk beskjed om at det skulle ta seks til åtte uker.
+Amazonoppføringen er et resultat av at jeg for noen uker siden
+diskuterte prissetting og håndtering av profitt med forfatteren.  Det
+måtte avklares da bruksvilkårene til boken har krav om
+ikke-kommersiell bruk.  Vi ble enige om at overskuddet fra salg av
+boken skal sendes til
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://creativecommons.org/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons-stiftelsen&lt;/a&gt;.
+Med det på plass kunne jeg be
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.lulu.com/shop/lawrence-lessig/fri-kultur/paperback/product-22441576.html&quot;&gt;lulu.com&lt;/a&gt;
+om å gi boken «utvidet» distribusjon.  Årsaken til at
+bokhandeldistribusjon var litt utfordrende er at bokhandlere krever
+mulighet for profitt på bøkene de selger (selvfølgelig), og dermed
+måtte de få lov til å selge til høyere pris enn lulu.com.  I tillegg
+er det krav om samme pris på lulu.com og i bokhandlene, dermed blir
+prisen økt også hos lulu.com.  Hva skulle jeg gjøre med den profitten
+uten å bryte med klausulen om ikkekommersiell?  Løsningen var å gi
+bort profitten til CC-stiftelsen.  Prisen på boken ble nesten
+tredoblet, til $19.99 (ca. 160,-) pluss frakt, men synligheten øker
+betraktelig når den kan finnes i katalogene til store nettbokhandlere.
+Det betyr at hvis du allerede har kjøpt boken har du fått den veldig
+billig, og kjøper du den nå, får du den fortsatt billig samt donerer i
+tillegg noen tiere til fremme av Creative Commons.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Mens jeg var i gang med å titte etter informasjon om boken 
+oppdaget jeg  at den også var dukket opp på
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://books.google.no/books?id=uKUGCwAAQBAJ&quot;&gt;Google
+Books&lt;/a&gt;, der en kan lese den på web.  PDF-utgaven har ennå ikke
+dukket opp hos &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.nb.no/&quot;&gt;Nasjonalbiblioteket&lt;/a&gt;,
+men det regner jeg med kommer på plass i løpet av noen uker.  Boken er
+heller ikke dukket opp hos
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.barnesandnoble.com/&quot;&gt;Barnes &amp; Noble&lt;/a&gt; ennå, men
+jeg antar det bare er et tidsspørsmål før dette er på plass.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Boken er dessverre ikke tilgjengelig fra norske bokhandlere, og
+kommer neppe til å bli det med det første.  Årsaken er at for å få det
+til måtte jeg personlig håndtere bestilling av bøker, hvilket jeg ikke
+er interessert i å bruke tid på.  Jeg kunne betalt ca 2000,- til
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bokbasen.no/&quot;&gt;den norske bokbasen&lt;/a&gt;, en felles
+database over bøker tilgjengelig for norske bokhandlere, for å få en
+oppføring der, men da måtte jeg tatt imot bestillinger på epost og
+sendt ut bøker selv.  Det ville krevd at jeg var klar til å
+sende ut bøker på kort varsel, dvs. holdt meg med ekstra bøker,
+konvolutter og frimerker.  Bokbasen har visst ikke opplegg for å be
+bokhandlene bestille direkte via web, så jeg droppet oppføring der.
+Jeg har spurt Haugen bok og Tronsmo direkte på epost om de er
+interessert i å ta inn boken i sin bestillingskatalog, men ikke fått
+svar, så jeg antar de ikke er interessert.  Derimot har jeg fått en
+hyggelig henvendelse fra Biblioteksentralen som fortalte at de har
+lagt den inn i sin database slik at deres bibliotekskunder enkelt kan
+bestille den via dem.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Boken er i følge
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://bibsys-almaprimo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/primo_library/libweb/action/display.do?tabs=detailsTab&amp;ct=display&amp;fn=search&amp;doc=BIBSYS_ILS71518423420002201&amp;indx=1&amp;recIds=BIBSYS_ILS71518423420002201&amp;recIdxs=0&amp;elementId=0&amp;renderMode=poppedOut&amp;displayMode=full&amp;frbrVersion=&amp;dscnt=0&amp;tab=library_catalogue&amp;dstmp=1448543801124&amp;vl(freeText0)=fri%20kultur&amp;vid=UBO&amp;mode=Basic&quot;&gt;Bibsys/Oria&lt;/a&gt;
+og bokdatabasen til
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.deich.folkebibl.no/cgi-bin/websok?tnr=1819617&quot;&gt;Deichmanske&lt;/a&gt;
+tilgjengelig fra flere biblioteker allerede, og alle eksemplarer er
+visst allerede utlånt med ventetid.  Det synes jeg er veldig gledelig
+å se.  Jeg håper mange kommer til å lese boken.  Jeg tror den er
+spesielt egnet for foreldre og bekjente av oss nerder for å forklare
+hva slags problemer vi ser med dagens opphavsrettsregime.&lt;/p&gt;

 </description>
        </item>
        
        <item>
 </description>
        </item>
        
        <item>

-               <title>En enklere Osloskolehverdag med automatisk sjekk av Fronter</title>
-               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/En_enklere_Osloskolehverdag_med_automatisk_sjekk_av_Fronter.html</link>
-               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/En_enklere_Osloskolehverdag_med_automatisk_sjekk_av_Fronter.html</guid>
-                <pubDate>Thu, 12 Feb 2015 10:30:00 +0100</pubDate>
-               <description>&lt;p&gt;En stund nå har jeg vært nødt til å forholde meg til
-&lt;a href=&quot;https://fronter.com/osloskoler/&quot;&gt;Fronter&lt;/a&gt;, en nettløsning
-Osloskolen bruker for kontakt mellom hjem og skole.  Løsningen
-imponerer ikke, og det er lagt opp til at vi foreldre skal logge inn
-regelmessig for å se om noe har endret seg.  Idéen om å la folk stikke
-innom nettsider for å se om det har skjedd endringer er så idiotisk at
-jeg har lett etter et alternativ.  Fronterløsningen har en innebygget
-løsning der en kan abonnere på forsiden (som viser en oppsummering av
-det en har tilgang til), og få tilsendt en kopi hver natt, men det
-fjerner jo bare behovet for å stikke innom, ikke den idiotiske ideen
-om at folk skal huske hvordan nettsiden så ut sist og oppdage hva som
-er endret.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;For å gjøre livet enklere har jeg derfor brukt litt tid på å lage
-et program som kobler seg opp og sjekker etter endringer automatisk,
-slik at jeg kan få beskjed fra datamaskinen når noe endrer seg i
-stedet for å forsøke å finne ut av det selv.  I går ble scriptet
-brukbart, og jeg er dermed klar til å dele det med deg.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Jeg startet med å skrive programmet i Python, og hadde en versjon
-som logget inn og hentet ned enkeltsider fra Fronter.  Men
-Fronter-websidene suger golfballer gjennom en hageslange, med
-uleselig HTML, flere nivåer av iframes og en struktur på innholdet som
-er svært vanskelig å finne ut av, så jeg ga til slutt opp lxml-parsing
-med Python og forsøkte meg med WWW::Mechanize for Perl som jeg kjente
-fra før.  I ettertid har jeg oppdaget at WWW:Mechanize også finnes for
-Python, så jeg kunne antagelig droppet språkbyttet.  Men da jeg
-oppdaget det hadde jeg kommet så langt med Perl-utgaven, så jeg hoppet
-ikke tilbake.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;For å logge inn i Fronter besøker en enten skolens websider eller
-den sentrale innloggingsiden &lt;tt&gt;https://fronter.com/osloskoler/&lt;/tt&gt;.
-Perl-koden for å logge inn ser slik ut:&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;pre&gt;
-my $mech = WWW::Mechanize-&gt;new();
-$mech-&gt;get(&#39;https://fronter.com/osloskoler/&#39;);
-$mech-&gt;submit_form(fields =&gt; {
-    username =&gt; $username,
-    password =&gt; $password,
-} );
-&lt;/pre&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Neste steg er å få oversikt over hvilke «rom» en har tilgang til.
-På vår skole er det rom for skolen, biblioteket, elevrådet,
-aktivitetsskolen og klasser der en har unger, og dette vil være
-forskjellig fra person til person.  Etter å ha romstert rundt i
-Fronter-grensesnittet endel kom jeg over en grei HTML-side med
-oversikt over rommene,
-&lt;tt&gt;https://fronter.com/osloskoler/adm/projects.phtml?mode=displayRoomchooser&lt;/tt&gt;,
-så jeg bruker denne til å hente ut romoversikt med rom-ID.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;pre&gt;
-my %room;
-$mech-&gt;get(&#39;https://fronter.com/osloskoler/adm/projects.phtml?mode=displayRoomchooser&#39;);
-for my $link ($mech-&gt;links()) {
-    my $url = $link-&gt;url();
-    if ($url =~ m%/links/list_files.phtml\?edit=(\d+)$%) {
-        $room{$link-&gt;text()} = $1;
-    }
-}
-&lt;/pre&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Når en har rom-ID kan en slå opp websiden for rommet, som starter
-på
-&lt;tt&gt;https://fronter.com/osloskoler/contentframeset.phtml?goto_prjid=$ROMID&lt;/tt&gt;
-(der $ROMID byttes ut med rom-ID-tallet).  Det gir en side med
-iframes, og en må tre nivåer ned i iframes før en får tak i
-HTML-informasjonen som vises frem når en ser på det aktuelle rommet.
-Her ga jeg opp den robuste parsingen og hardkodet endel URL-er som i
-stedet bør spores opp maskinelt.  HTML-informasjonen som vises lagres
-i en fil etter at økt- og innloggings-nøkkel er fjernet og deretter
-bruker jeg &lt;tt&gt;lynx --dump --nolist&lt;/tt&gt; for å hente ut en tekstlig
-utgave av websiden.  Denne tekstlige utgaven sammenlignes med forrige
-versjon og oversikt over endringer kan så sendes ut på egnet vis.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Jeg valgte å bruke git til å holde rede på endringer, så jeg
-sjekker inn HTML og tekst-utgaver i git og bruker git til å vise frem
-endringene i tekstutgavene.  Programvaren for å gjøre dette er testet
-på Debian GNU/Linux og kan
-&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/fronter-scraper-oslo&quot;&gt;lastes
-ned fra github&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;For å bruke dette selv, kjør følgende kommandoer på din
-Debian-maskin (forutsetter sudo-tilgang for installasjon av
-programvare):&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;pre&gt;
-sudo apt-get install git lynx-cur libio-prompter-perl libwww-mechanize-perl \
-      libconfig-inifiles-perl
-git clone https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/fronter-scraper-oslo
-cd fronter-scraper-oslo
-./update-git
-&lt;/pre&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Det gjenstår endel, men systemet er allerede nyttig for meg.  Jeg
-ønsker at systemet også skal laste ned PDF-er og slikt som er lagt ut
-for nedlasting på sidene, slik at f.eks. ukeplaner kommer inn i
-git-arkivet mitt automatisk og jeg får automatisk beskjed når ny
-ukeplan er lagt ut.  Kanskje du kan bidra med å få det på plass, eller
-kanskje du har andre ting du vil fikse?  Jeg tar gjerne imot endringer
-og forbedringer.  Det er mye som kan gjøres bedre, og scriptet er ikke
-veldig robust mot endringer hos nettsidene til Fronter.  Jeg regner
-dermed med at det vil trengs oppdateringer jevnlig etter hvert som
-Fronter-løsningen endrer seg.&lt;/p&gt;
+               <title>The GNU General Public License is not magic pixie dust</title>
+               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_GNU_General_Public_License_is_not_magic_pixie_dust.html</link>
+               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_GNU_General_Public_License_is_not_magic_pixie_dust.html</guid>
+                <pubDate>Mon, 30 Nov 2015 09:55:00 +0100</pubDate>
+               <description>&lt;p&gt;A blog post from my fellow Debian developer Paul Wise titled
+&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://bonedaddy.net/pabs3/log/2015/11/27/sfc-supporter/&quot;&gt;The
+GPL is not magic pixie dust&lt;/a&gt;&quot; explain the importance of making sure
+the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html&quot;&gt;GPL&lt;/a&gt; is enforced.
+I quote the blog post from Paul in full here with his permission:&lt;p&gt;
+
+&lt;blockquote&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://sfconservancy.org/supporter/&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://sfconservancy.org/img/supporter-badge.png&quot; width=&quot;194&quot; height=&quot;90&quot; alt=&quot;Become a Software Freedom Conservancy Supporter!&quot; align=&quot;right&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;blockquote&gt;
+The GPL is not magic pixie dust. It does not work by itself.&lt;br/&gt;
+
+The first step is to choose a
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://copyleft.org/&quot;&gt;copyleft&lt;/a&gt; license for your
+code.&lt;br/&gt;
+
+The next step is, when someone fails to follow that copyleft license,
+&lt;b&gt;it must be enforced&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br/&gt;
+
+and its a simple fact of our modern society that such type of
+work&lt;br/&gt;
+
+is incredibly expensive to do and incredibly difficult to do.
+&lt;/blockquote&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;small&gt;-- &lt;a href=&quot;http://ebb.org/bkuhn/&quot;&gt;Bradley Kuhn&lt;/a&gt;, in
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://faif.us/&quot; title=&quot;Free as in Freedom&quot;&gt;FaiF&lt;/a&gt;
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://faif.us/cast/2015/nov/24/0x57/&quot;&gt;episode
+0x57&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;As the Debian Website
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://bugs.debian.org/794116&quot;&gt;used&lt;/a&gt;
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://anonscm.debian.org/viewvc/webwml/webwml/english/intro/free.wml?r1=1.24&amp;amp;r2=1.25&quot;&gt;to&lt;/a&gt;
+imply, public domain and permissively licensed software can lead to
+the production of more proprietary software as people discover useful
+software, extend it and or incorporate it into their hardware or
+software products.  Copyleft licenses such as the GNU GPL were created
+to close off this avenue to the production of proprietary software but
+such licenses are not enough.  With the ongoing adoption of Free
+Software by individuals and groups, inevitably the community&#39;s
+expectations of license compliance are violated, usually out of
+ignorance of the way Free Software works, but not always.  As Karen
+and Bradley explained in &lt;a href=&quot;http://faif.us/&quot; title=&quot;Free as in
+Freedom&quot;&gt;FaiF&lt;/a&gt;
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://faif.us/cast/2015/nov/24/0x57/&quot;&gt;episode 0x57&lt;/a&gt;,
+copyleft is nothing if no-one is willing and able to stand up in court
+to protect it.  The reality of today&#39;s world is that legal
+representation is expensive, difficult and time consuming.  With
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://gpl-violations.org/&quot;&gt;gpl-violations.org&lt;/a&gt; in hiatus
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://gpl-violations.org/news/20151027-homepage-recovers/&quot;&gt;until&lt;/a&gt;
+some time in 2016, the &lt;a href=&quot;https://sfconservancy.org/&quot;&gt;Software
+Freedom Conservancy&lt;/a&gt; (a tax-exempt charity) is the major defender
+of the Linux project, Debian and other groups against GPL violations.
+In March the SFC supported a
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://sfconservancy.org/news/2015/mar/05/vmware-lawsuit/&quot;&gt;lawsuit
+by Christoph Hellwig&lt;/a&gt; against VMware for refusing to
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://sfconservancy.org/linux-compliance/vmware-lawsuit-faq.html&quot;&gt;comply
+with the GPL&lt;/a&gt; in relation to their use of parts of the Linux
+kernel.  Since then two of their sponsors pulled corporate funding and
+conferences
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://sfconservancy.org/blog/2015/nov/24/faif-carols-fundraiser/&quot;&gt;blocked
+or cancelled their talks&lt;/a&gt;.  As a result they have decided to rely
+less on corporate funding and more on the broad community of
+individuals who support Free Software and copyleft.  So the SFC has
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://sfconservancy.org/news/2015/nov/23/2015fundraiser/&quot;&gt;launched&lt;/a&gt;
+a &lt;a href=&quot;https://sfconservancy.org/supporter/&quot;&gt;campaign&lt;/a&gt; to create
+a community of folks who stand up for copyleft and the GPL by
+supporting their work on promoting and supporting copyleft and Free
+Software.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;If you support Free Software,
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://sfconservancy.org/blog/2015/nov/26/like-what-I-do/&quot;&gt;like&lt;/a&gt;
+what the SFC do, agree with their
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://sfconservancy.org/linux-compliance/principles.html&quot;&gt;compliance
+principles&lt;/a&gt;, are happy about their
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://sfconservancy.org/supporter/&quot;&gt;successes&lt;/a&gt; in 2015,
+work on a project that is an SFC
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://sfconservancy.org/members/current/&quot;&gt;member&lt;/a&gt; and or
+just want to stand up for copyleft, please join
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://identi.ca/cwebber/image/JQGPA4qbTyyp3-MY8QpvuA&quot;&gt;Christopher
+Allan Webber&lt;/a&gt;,
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://sfconservancy.org/blog/2015/nov/24/faif-carols-fundraiser/&quot;&gt;Carol
+Smith&lt;/a&gt;,
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jonobacon.org/2015/11/25/supporting-software-freedom-conservancy/&quot;&gt;Jono
+Bacon&lt;/a&gt;, myself and
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://sfconservancy.org/sponsors/#supporters&quot;&gt;others&lt;/a&gt; in
+becoming a
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://sfconservancy.org/supporter/&quot;&gt;supporter&lt;/a&gt;.  For the
+next week your donation will be
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://sfconservancy.org/news/2015/nov/27/black-friday/&quot;&gt;matched&lt;/a&gt;
+by an anonymous donor.  Please also consider asking your employer to
+match your donation or become a sponsor of SFC.  Don&#39;t forget to
+spread the word about your support for SFC via email, your blog and or
+social media accounts.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;/blockquote&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;I agree with Paul on this topic and just signed up as a Supporter
+of Software Freedom Conservancy myself.  Perhaps you should be a
+supporter too?&lt;/p&gt;

 </description>
        </item>
        
 </description>
        </item>