<link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/</link>
<atom:link href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/index.rss" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
+ <item>
+ <title>Book cover for the Free Culture book finally done</title>
+ <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Book_cover_for_the_Free_Culture_book_finally_done.html</link>
+ <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Book_cover_for_the_Free_Culture_book_finally_done.html</guid>
+ <pubDate>Thu, 3 Sep 2015 21:00:00 +0200</pubDate>
+ <description><p>Creating a good looking book cover proved harder than I expected.
+I wanted to create a cover looking similar to the original cover of
+the
+<a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig">Free
+Culture</a> book we are translating to Norwegian, and I wanted it in
+vector format for high resolution printing. But my inkscape knowledge
+were not nearly good enough to pull that off.
+
+<p>But thanks to the great inkscape community, I was able to wrap up
+the cover yesterday evening. I asked on the
+<a href="irc://irc.freenode.net/%23inkscape">#inkscape IRC channel</a>
+on Freenode for help and clues, and Marc Jeanmougin (Mc-) volunteered
+to try to recreate it based on the PDF of the cover from the HTML
+version. Not only did he create a
+<a href="https://marc.jeanmougin.fr/share/copy1.svg ">SVG document with
+the original and his vector version side by side</a>, he even provided
+an <a href="https://marc.jeanmougin.fr/share/out-1.ogv">instruction
+video</a> explaining how he did it</a>. But the instruction video is
+not easy to follow for an untrained inkscape user. The video is a
+recording on how he did it, and he is obviously very experienced as
+the menu selections are very quick and he mentioned on IRC that he did
+use some keyboard shortcuts that can't be seen on the video, but it
+give a good idea about the inkscape operations to use to create the
+stripes with the embossed copyright sign in the center.</p>
+
+<p>I took his SVG file, copied the vector image and re-sized it to fit
+on the cover I was drawing. I am happy with the end result, and the
+current english version look like this:</p>
+
+<img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2015-09-03-free-culture-cover.png" width="70%" align="center"/>
+
+<p>I am not quite sure about the text on the back, but guess it will
+do. I picked three quotes from the official site for the book, and
+hope it will work to trigger the interest of potential readers. The
+Norwegian cover will look the same, but with the texts and bar code
+replaced with the Norwegian version.</p>
+
+<p>The book is very close to being ready for publication, and I expect
+to upload the final draft to Lulu in the next few days and order a
+final proof reading copy to verify that everything look like it should
+before allowing everyone to order their own copy of Free Culture, in
+English or Norwegian Bokmål. I'm waiting to give the the productive
+proof readers a chance to complete their work.</p>
+</description>
+ </item>
+
+ <item>
+ <title>In my hand, a pocket book edition of the Norwegian Free Culture book!</title>
+ <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/In_my_hand__a_pocket_book_edition_of_the_Norwegian_Free_Culture_book_.html</link>
+ <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/In_my_hand__a_pocket_book_edition_of_the_Norwegian_Free_Culture_book_.html</guid>
+ <pubDate>Wed, 19 Aug 2015 22:10:00 +0200</pubDate>
+ <description><p>Today, finally, my first printed draft edition of the Norwegian
+translation of Free Culture I have been working on for the last few
+years arrived in the mail. I had to fake a cover to get the interior
+printed, and the exterior of the book look awful, but that is
+irrelevant at this point. I asked for a printed pocket book version
+to get an idea about the font sizes and paper format as well as how
+good the figures and images look in print, but also to test what the
+pocket book version would look like. After receiving the 500 page
+pocket book, it became obvious to me that that pocket book size is too
+small for this book. I believe the book is too thick, and several
+tables and figures do not look good in the size they get with that
+small page sizes. I believe I will go with the 5.5x8.5 inch size
+instead. A surprise discovery from the paper version was how bad the
+URLs look in print. They are very hard to read in the colophon page.
+The URLs are red in the PDF, but light gray on paper. I need to
+change the color of links somehow to look better. But there is a
+printed book in my hand, and it feels great. :)</p>
+
+<p>Now I only need to fix the cover, wrap up the postscript with the
+store behind the book, and collect the last corrections from the proof
+readers before the book is ready for proper printing. Cover artists
+willing to work for free and create a Creative Commons licensed vector
+file looking similar to the original is most welcome, as my skills as
+a graphics designer are mostly missing.</p>
+</description>
+ </item>
+
+ <item>
+ <title>First paper version of the Norwegian Free Culture book heading my way</title>
+ <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_paper_version_of_the_Norwegian_Free_Culture_book_heading_my_way.html</link>
+ <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_paper_version_of_the_Norwegian_Free_Culture_book_heading_my_way.html</guid>
+ <pubDate>Sun, 9 Aug 2015 10:15:00 +0200</pubDate>
+ <description><p>Typesetting a book is harder than I hoped. As the translation is
+mostly done, and a volunteer proof reader was going to check the text
+on paper, it was time this summer to focus on formatting my translated
+<a href="http://www.docbook.org/">docbook</a> based version of the
+<a href="http://free-culture.cc/">Free Culture</a> book by Lawrence
+Lessig. I've been trying to get both docboox-xsl+fop and dblatex to
+give me a good looking PDF, but in the end I went with dblatex, because
+its Debian maintainer and upstream developer were responsive and very
+helpful in solving my formatting challenges.</p>
+
+<p>Last night, I finally managed to create a PDF that no longer made
+<a href="http://www.lulu.com/">Lulu.com</a> complain after uploading,
+and I ordered a text version of the book on paper. It is lacking a
+proper book cover and is not tagged with the correct ISBN number, but
+should give me an idea what the finished book will look like.</p>
+
+<p>Instead of using Lulu, I did consider printing the book using
+<a href="http://www.createspace.com/">CreateSpace</a>, but ended up
+using Lulu because it had smaller book size options (CreateSpace seem
+to lack pocket book with extended distribution). I looked for a
+similar service in Norway, but have not seen anything so far. Please
+let me know if I am missing out on something here.</p>
+
+<p>But I still struggle to decide the book size. Should I go for
+pocket book (4.25x6.875 inches / 10.8x17.5 cm) with 556 pages, Digest
+(5.5x8.5 inches / 14x21.6 cm) with 323 pages or US Trade (6x8 inches /
+15.3x22.9 cm) with 280 pages? Fewer pager give a cheaper book, and a
+smaller book is easier to carry around. The test book I ordered was
+pocket book sized, to give me an idea how well that fit in my hand,
+but I suspect I will end up using a digest sized book in the end to
+bring the prize down further.</p>
+
+<p>My biggest challenge at the moment is making nice cover art. My
+inkscape skills are not yet up to the task of replicating the original
+cover in SVG format. I also need to figure out what to write about
+the book on the back (will most likely use the same text as the
+description on web based book stores). I would love help with this,
+if you are willing to license the art source and final version using
+the same CC license as the book. My artistic skills are not really up
+to the task.</p>
+
+<p>I plan to publish the book in both English and Norwegian and on
+paper, in PDF form as well as EPUB and MOBI format. The current
+status can as usual be found on
+<a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig">github</a>
+in the archive/ directory. So far I have spent all time on making the
+PDF version look good. Someone should probably do the same with the
+dbtoepub generated e-book. Help is definitely needed here, as I
+expect to run out of steem before I find time to improve the epub
+formatting.</p>
+
+<p>Please let me know via github if you find typos in the book or
+discover translations that should be improved. The final proof
+reading is being done right now, and I expect to publish the finished
+result in a few months.</p>
+</description>
+ </item>
+
+ <item>
+ <title>Typesetting DocBook footnotes as endnotes with dblatex</title>
+ <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Typesetting_DocBook_footnotes_as_endnotes_with_dblatex.html</link>
+ <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Typesetting_DocBook_footnotes_as_endnotes_with_dblatex.html</guid>
+ <pubDate>Thu, 16 Jul 2015 18:10:00 +0200</pubDate>
+ <description><p>I'm still working on the Norwegian version of the
+<a href="http://free-culture.cc/">Free Culture book by Lawrence
+Lessig</a>, and is now working on the final typesetting and layout.
+One of the features I want to get the structure similar to the
+original book is to typeset the footnotes as endnotes in the notes
+chapter. Based on the
+<a href="https://bugs.debian.org/685063">feedback from the Debian
+maintainer and the dblatex developer</a>, I came up with this recipe I
+would like to share with you. The proposal was to create a new LaTeX
+class file and add the LaTeX code there, but this is not always
+practical, when I want to be able to replace the class using a make
+file variable. So my proposal misuses the latex.begindocument XSL
+parameter value, to get a small fragment into the correct location in
+the generated LaTeX File.</p>
+
+<p>First, decide where in the DocBook document to place the endnotes,
+and add this text there:</p>
+
+<pre>
+&lt;?latex \theendnotes ?&gt;
+</pre>
+
+<p>Next, create a xsl stylesheet file dblatex-endnotes.xsl to add the
+code needed to add the endnote instructions in the preamble of the
+generated LaTeX document, with content like this:</p>
+
+<pre>
+&lt;?xml version='1.0'?&gt;
+&lt;xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" version='1.0'&gt;
+ &lt;xsl:param name="latex.begindocument"&gt;
+ &lt;xsl:text&gt;
+\usepackage{endnotes}
+\let\footnote=\endnote
+\def\enoteheading{\mbox{}\par\vskip-\baselineskip }
+\begin{document}
+ &lt;/xsl:text&gt;
+ &lt;/xsl:param&gt;
+&lt;/xsl:stylesheet&gt;
+</pre>
+
+<p>Finally, load this xsl file when running dblatex, for example like
+this:</p>
+
+<pre>
+dblatex --xsl-user=dblatex-endnotes.xsl freeculture.nb.xml
+</pre>
+
+<p>The end result can be seen on github, where
+<a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig">my
+book project</a> is located.</p>
+</description>
+ </item>
+
+ <item>
+ <title>Mimes brønn, norsk utgave av Alaveteli / WhatDoTheyKnow, endelig lansert</title>
+ <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Mimes_br_nn__norsk_utgave_av_Alaveteli___WhatDoTheyKnow__endelig_lansert.html</link>
+ <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Mimes_br_nn__norsk_utgave_av_Alaveteli___WhatDoTheyKnow__endelig_lansert.html</guid>
+ <pubDate>Thu, 9 Jul 2015 11:40:00 +0200</pubDate>
+ <description><p>I går fikk vi endelig lansert en norsk version av mySocietys
+<a href="https://www.whatdotheyknow.com/">WhatDoTheyKnow</a>.
+Tjenesten heter Mimes brønn, og ble
+<a href="http://www.nuug.no/news/NUUG_lanserer_innsynstjenesten_Mimes_Br_nn.shtml">annonsert
+av NUUG</a> via blogg, epost og twitter til NUUG-assosierte personer.
+Det har tatt noen år, men de siste dagene fikk vi endelig tid til å få
+på plass de siste bitene. Vi er to, Gorm og meg selv, som har vært
+primus motor for det hele, men vi har fått hjelp med oversettelser og
+oppsett fra mange flere. Jeg vil si tusen takk til hver og en av dem,
+og er veldig fornøyd med at vi klarte å få tjenesten opp å kjøre før
+ferietiden slo inn for fullt.</p>
+
+<p>Vi er usikker på hvor mye belastning den virtuelle maskinen der
+tjenesten kjører klarer, så vi har lansert litt i det stille og ikke
+til for mange folk for å se hvordan maskinen klarer seg over sommeren,
+før vi går mer aktivt ut og annonserer til høsten. Ta en titt, og se
+om du kanskje har et spørsmål til det offentlige som er egnet å sende
+inn via Mimes brønn.</p>
+
+<p>Hvis du lurer på hva i alle dager en slik tjenestes kan brukes til,
+anbefaler jeg deg å se
+<a href="http://beta.frikanalen.no/video/625321">TED-foredraget til
+Heather Brook</a> om hvordan hun brukte WhatDoTheyKnow til å lære
+hvordan offentlige midler ble misbrukt. Det er en inspirerende
+historie.</p>
+</description>
+ </item>
+
+ <item>
+ <title>MPEG LA on "Internet Broadcast AVC Video" licensing and non-private use</title>
+ <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/MPEG_LA_on__Internet_Broadcast_AVC_Video__licensing_and_non_private_use.html</link>
+ <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/MPEG_LA_on__Internet_Broadcast_AVC_Video__licensing_and_non_private_use.html</guid>
+ <pubDate>Tue, 7 Jul 2015 09:50:00 +0200</pubDate>
+ <description><p>After asking the Norwegian Broadcasting Company (NRK)
+<a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hva_gj_r_at_NRK_kan_distribuere_H_264_video_uten_patentavtale_med_MPEG_LA_.html">why
+they can broadcast and stream H.264 video without an agreement with
+the MPEG LA</a>, I was wiser, but still confused. So I asked MPEG LA
+if their understanding matched that of NRK. As far as I can tell, it
+does not.</p>
+
+<p>I started by asking for more information about the various
+licensing classes and what exactly is covered by the "Internet
+Broadcast AVC Video" class that NRK pointed me at to explain why NRK
+did not need a license for streaming H.264 video:
+
+<p><blockquote>
+
+<p>According to
+<a href="http://www.mpegla.com/Lists/MPEG%20LA%20News%20List/Attachments/226/n-10-02-02.pdf">a
+MPEG LA press release dated 2010-02-02</a>, there is no charge when
+using MPEG AVC/H.264 according to the terms of "Internet Broadcast AVC
+Video". I am trying to understand exactly what the terms of "Internet
+Broadcast AVC Video" is, and wondered if you could help me. What
+exactly is covered by these terms, and what is not?</p>
+
+<p>The only source of more information I have been able to find is a
+PDF named
+<a href="http://www.mpegla.com/main/programs/avc/Documents/avcweb.pdf">AVC
+Patent Portfolio License Briefing</a>, which states this about the
+fees:</p>
+
+<ul>
+ <li>Where End User pays for AVC Video
+ <ul>
+ <li>Subscription (not limited by title) – 100,000 or fewer
+ subscribers/yr = no royalty; &gt; 100,000 to 250,000 subscribers/yr =
+ $25,000; &gt;250,000 to 500,000 subscribers/yr = $50,000; &gt;500,000 to
+ 1M subscribers/yr = $75,000; &gt;1M subscribers/yr = $100,000</li>
+
+ <li>Title-by-Title - 12 minutes or less = no royalty; &gt;12 minutes in
+ length = lower of (a) 2% or (b) $0.02 per title</li>
+ </ul></li>
+
+ <li>Where remuneration is from other sources
+ <ul>
+ <li>Free Television - (a) one-time $2,500 per transmission encoder or
+ (b) annual fee starting at $2,500 for &gt; 100,000 HH rising to
+ maximum $10,000 for &gt;1,000,000 HH</li>
+
+ <li>Internet Broadcast AVC Video (not title-by-title, not subscription)
+ – no royalty for life of the AVC Patent Portfolio License</li>
+ </ul></li>
+</ul>
+
+<p>Am I correct in assuming that the four categories listed is the
+categories used when selecting licensing terms, and that "Internet
+Broadcast AVC Video" is the category for things that do not fall into
+one of the other three categories? Can you point me to a good source
+explaining what is ment by "title-by-title" and "Free Television" in
+the license terms for AVC/H.264?</p>
+
+<p>Will a web service providing H.264 encoded video content in a
+"video on demand" fashing similar to Youtube and Vimeo, where no
+subscription is required and no payment is required from end users to
+get access to the videos, fall under the terms of the "Internet
+Broadcast AVC Video", ie no royalty for life of the AVC Patent
+Portfolio license? Does it matter if some users are subscribed to get
+access to personalized services?</p>
+
+<p>Note, this request and all answers will be published on the
+Internet.</p>
+</blockquote></p>
+
+<p>The answer came quickly from Benjamin J. Myers, Licensing Associate
+with the MPEG LA:</p>
+
+<p><blockquote>
+<p>Thank you for your message and for your interest in MPEG LA. We
+appreciate hearing from you and I will be happy to assist you.</p>
+
+<p>As you are aware, MPEG LA offers our AVC Patent Portfolio License
+which provides coverage under patents that are essential for use of
+the AVC/H.264 Standard (MPEG-4 Part 10). Specifically, coverage is
+provided for end products and video content that make use of AVC/H.264
+technology. Accordingly, the party offering such end products and
+video to End Users concludes the AVC License and is responsible for
+paying the applicable royalties.</p>
+
+<p>Regarding Internet Broadcast AVC Video, the AVC License generally
+defines such content to be video that is distributed to End Users over
+the Internet free-of-charge. Therefore, if a party offers a service
+which allows users to upload AVC/H.264 video to its website, and such
+AVC Video is delivered to End Users for free, then such video would
+receive coverage under the sublicense for Internet Broadcast AVC
+Video, which is not subject to any royalties for the life of the AVC
+License. This would also apply in the scenario where a user creates a
+free online account in order to receive a customized offering of free
+AVC Video content. In other words, as long as the End User is given
+access to or views AVC Video content at no cost to the End User, then
+no royalties would be payable under our AVC License.</p>
+
+<p>On the other hand, if End Users pay for access to AVC Video for a
+specific period of time (e.g., one month, one year, etc.), then such
+video would constitute Subscription AVC Video. In cases where AVC
+Video is delivered to End Users on a pay-per-view basis, then such
+content would constitute Title-by-Title AVC Video. If a party offers
+Subscription or Title-by-Title AVC Video to End Users, then they would
+be responsible for paying the applicable royalties you noted below.</p>
+
+<p>Finally, in the case where AVC Video is distributed for free
+through an "over-the-air, satellite and/or cable transmission", then
+such content would constitute Free Television AVC Video and would be
+subject to the applicable royalties.</p>
+
+<p>For your reference, I have attached
+<a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2015-07-07-mpegla.pdf">a
+.pdf copy of the AVC License</a>. You will find the relevant
+sublicense information regarding AVC Video in Sections 2.2 through
+2.5, and the corresponding royalties in Section 3.1.2 through 3.1.4.
+You will also find the definitions of Title-by-Title AVC Video,
+Subscription AVC Video, Free Television AVC Video, and Internet
+Broadcast AVC Video in Section 1 of the License. Please note that the
+electronic copy is provided for informational purposes only and cannot
+be used for execution.</p>
+
+<p>I hope the above information is helpful. If you have additional
+questions or need further assistance with the AVC License, please feel
+free to contact me directly.</p>
+</blockquote></p>
+
+<p>Having a fresh copy of the license text was useful, and knowing
+that the definition of Title-by-Title required payment per title made
+me aware that my earlier understanding of that phrase had been wrong.
+But I still had a few questions:</p>
+
+<p><blockquote>
+<p>I have a small followup question. Would it be possible for me to get
+a license with MPEG LA even if there are no royalties to be paid? The
+reason I ask, is that some video related products have a copyright
+clause limiting their use without a license with MPEG LA. The clauses
+typically look similar to this:
+
+<p><blockquote>
+ This product is licensed under the AVC patent portfolio license for
+ the personal and non-commercial use of a consumer to (a) encode
+ video in compliance with the AVC standard ("AVC video") and/or (b)
+ decode AVC video that was encoded by a consumer engaged in a
+ personal and non-commercial activity and/or AVC video that was
+ obtained from a video provider licensed to provide AVC video. No
+ license is granted or shall be implied for any other use. additional
+ information may be obtained from MPEG LA L.L.C.
+</blockquote></p>
+
+<p>It is unclear to me if this clause mean that I need to enter into
+an agreement with MPEG LA to use the product in question, even if
+there are no royalties to be paid to MPEG LA. I suspect it will
+differ depending on the jurisdiction, and mine is Norway. What is
+MPEG LAs view on this?</p>
+</blockquote></p>
+
+<p>According to the answer, MPEG LA believe those using such tools for
+non-personal or commercial use need a license with them:</p>
+
+<p><blockquote>
+
+<p>With regard to the Notice to Customers, I would like to begin by
+clarifying that the Notice from Section 7.1 of the AVC License
+reads:</p>
+
+<p>THIS PRODUCT IS LICENSED UNDER THE AVC PATENT PORTFOLIO LICENSE FOR
+THE PERSONAL USE OF A CONSUMER OR OTHER USES IN WHICH IT DOES NOT
+RECEIVE REMUNERATION TO (i) ENCODE VIDEO IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE AVC
+STANDARD ("AVC VIDEO") AND/OR (ii) DECODE AVC VIDEO THAT WAS ENCODED
+BY A CONSUMER ENGAGED IN A PERSONAL ACTIVITY AND/OR WAS OBTAINED FROM
+A VIDEO PROVIDER LICENSED TO PROVIDE AVC VIDEO. NO LICENSE IS GRANTED
+OR SHALL BE IMPLIED FOR ANY OTHER USE. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION MAY BE
+OBTAINED FROM MPEG LA, L.L.C. SEE HTTP://WWW.MPEGLA.COM</p>
+
+<p>The Notice to Customers is intended to inform End Users of the
+personal usage rights (for example, to watch video content) included
+with the product they purchased, and to encourage any party using the
+product for commercial purposes to contact MPEG LA in order to become
+licensed for such use (for example, when they use an AVC Product to
+deliver Title-by-Title, Subscription, Free Television or Internet
+Broadcast AVC Video to End Users, or to re-Sell a third party's AVC
+Product as their own branded AVC Product).</p>
+
+<p>Therefore, if a party is to be licensed for its use of an AVC
+Product to Sell AVC Video on a Title-by-Title, Subscription, Free
+Television or Internet Broadcast basis, that party would need to
+conclude the AVC License, even in the case where no royalties were
+payable under the License. On the other hand, if that party (either a
+Consumer or business customer) simply uses an AVC Product for their
+own internal purposes and not for the commercial purposes referenced
+above, then such use would be included in the royalty paid for the AVC
+Products by the licensed supplier.</p>
+
+<p>Finally, I note that our AVC License provides worldwide coverage in
+countries that have AVC Patent Portfolio Patents, including
+Norway.</p>
+
+<p>I hope this clarification is helpful. If I may be of any further
+assistance, just let me know.</p>
+</blockquote></p>
+
+<p>The mentioning of Norwegian patents made me a bit confused, so I
+asked for more information:</p>
+
+<p><blockquote>
+
+<p>But one minor question at the end. If I understand you correctly,
+you state in the quote above that there are patents in the AVC Patent
+Portfolio that are valid in Norway. This make me believe I read the
+list available from &lt;URL:
+<a href="http://www.mpegla.com/main/programs/AVC/Pages/PatentList.aspx">http://www.mpegla.com/main/programs/AVC/Pages/PatentList.aspx</a>
+&gt; incorrectly, as I believed the "NO" prefix in front of patents
+were Norwegian patents, and the only one I could find under Mitsubishi
+Electric Corporation expired in 2012. Which patents are you referring
+to that are relevant for Norway?</p>
+
+</blockquote></p>
+
+<p>Again, the quick answer explained how to read the list of patents
+in that list:</p>
+
+<p><blockquote>
+
+<p>Your understanding is correct that the last AVC Patent Portfolio
+Patent in Norway expired on 21 October 2012. Therefore, where AVC
+Video is both made and Sold in Norway after that date, then no
+royalties would be payable for such AVC Video under the AVC License.
+With that said, our AVC License provides historic coverage for AVC
+Products and AVC Video that may have been manufactured or Sold before
+the last Norwegian AVC patent expired. I would also like to clarify
+that coverage is provided for the country of manufacture and the
+country of Sale that has active AVC Patent Portfolio Patents.</p>
+
+<p>Therefore, if a party offers AVC Products or AVC Video for Sale in
+a country with active AVC Patent Portfolio Patents (for example,
+Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc.), then that party would still need
+coverage under the AVC License even if such products or video are
+initially made in a country without active AVC Patent Portfolio
+Patents (for example, Norway). Similarly, a party would need to
+conclude the AVC License if they make AVC Products or AVC Video in a
+country with active AVC Patent Portfolio Patents, but eventually Sell
+such AVC Products or AVC Video in a country without active AVC Patent
+Portfolio Patents.</p>
+</blockquote></p>
+
+<p>As far as I understand it, MPEG LA believe anyone using Adobe
+Premiere and other video related software with a H.264 distribution
+license need a license agreement with MPEG LA to use such tools for
+anything non-private or commercial, while it is OK to set up a
+Youtube-like service as long as no-one pays to get access to the
+content. I still have no clear idea how this applies to Norway, where
+none of the patents MPEG LA is licensing are valid. Will the
+copyright terms take precedence or can those terms be ignored because
+the patents are not valid in Norway?</p>
+</description>
+ </item>
+
<item>
<title>New laptop - some more clues and ideas based on feedback</title>
<link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/New_laptop___some_more_clues_and_ideas_based_on_feedback.html</link>
seem sensible to me? Are there better services around to search the
set of available laptops for features? Please send me an email if you
have suggestions.</p>
+
+<p>Update 2015-07-23: I got a suggestion to check out the FSF
+<a href="http://www.fsf.org/resources/hw/endorsement/respects-your-freedom">list
+of endorsed hardware</a>, which is useful background information.</p>
</description>
</item>
</description>
</item>
- <item>
- <title>Graphing the Norwegian company ownership structure</title>
- <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Graphing_the_Norwegian_company_ownership_structure.html</link>
- <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Graphing_the_Norwegian_company_ownership_structure.html</guid>
- <pubDate>Mon, 15 Jun 2015 14:00:00 +0200</pubDate>
- <description><p>It is a bit work to figure out the ownership structure of companies
-in Norway. The information is publicly available, but one need to
-recursively look up ownership for all owners to figure out the complete
-ownership graph of a given set of companies. To save me the work in
-the future, I wrote a script to do this automatically, outputting the
-ownership structure using the Graphviz/dotty format. The data source
-is web scraping from <a href="http://www.proff.no/">Proff</a>, because
-I failed to find a useful source directly from the official keepers of
-the ownership data, <a href="http://www.brreg.no/">Brønnøysundsregistrene</a>.</p>
-
-<p>To get an ownership graph for a set of companies, fetch
-<a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/brreg-norway-ownership-graph">the code from git</a> and run it using the organisation number. I'm
-using the Norwegian newspaper Dagbladet as an example here, as its
-ownership structure is very simple:</p>
-
-<pre>
-% time ./bin/eierskap-dotty 958033540 > dagbladet.dot
-
-real 0m2.841s
-user 0m0.184s
-sys 0m0.036s
-%
-</pre>
-
-<p>The script accept several organisation numbers on the command line,
-allowing a cluster of companies to be graphed in the same image. The
-resulting dot file for the example above look like this. The edges
-are labeled with the ownership percentage, and the nodes uses the
-organisation number as their name and the name as the label:</p>
-
-<pre>
-digraph ownership {
-rankdir = LR;
-"Aller Holding A/s" -> "910119877" [label="100%"]
-"910119877" -> "998689015" [label="100%"]
-"998689015" -> "958033540" [label="99%"]
-"974530600" -> "958033540" [label="1%"]
-"958033540" [label="AS DAGBLADET"]
-"998689015" [label="Berner Media Holding AS"]
-"974530600" [label="Dagbladets Stiftelse"]
-"910119877" [label="Aller Media AS"]
-}
-</pre>
-
-<p>To view the ownership graph, run "<tt>dotty dagbladet.dot</tt>" or
-convert it to a PNG using "<tt>dot -T png dagbladet.dot >
-dagbladet.png</tt>". The result can be seen below:</p>
-
-<img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2015-06-15-ownership-graphs-norway-dagbladet.png" width="80%">
-
-<p>Note that I suspect the "Aller Holding A/S" entry to be incorrect
-data in the official ownership register, as that name is not
-registered in the official company register for Norway. The ownership
-register is sensitive to typos and there seem to be no strict checking
-of the ownership links.</p>
-
-<p>Let me know if you improve the script or find better data sources.
-The code is licensed according to GPL 2 or newer.</p>
-
-<p>Update 2015-06-15: Since the initial post I've been told that
-"<a href="http://www.proff.dk/firma/carl-allers-etablissement-aktieselskab/københavn-v/hovedkontorer/13624518-3/">Aller
-Holding A/S</a>" is a Danish company, which explain why it did not
-have a Norwegian organisation number. I've also been told that there
-is a <a href="http://www.brreg.no/automatiske/webservices/">web
-services API available</a> from Brønnøysundsregistrene, for those
-willing to accept the terms or pay the price.</p>
-</description>
- </item>
-
- <item>
- <title>Measuring and adjusting the loudness of a TV channel using bs1770gain</title>
- <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Measuring_and_adjusting_the_loudness_of_a_TV_channel_using_bs1770gain.html</link>
- <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Measuring_and_adjusting_the_loudness_of_a_TV_channel_using_bs1770gain.html</guid>
- <pubDate>Thu, 11 Jun 2015 13:40:00 +0200</pubDate>
- <description><p>Television loudness is the source of frustration for viewers
-everywhere. Some channels are very load, others are less loud, and
-ads tend to shout very high to get the attention of the viewers, and
-the viewers do not like this. This fact is well known to the TV
-channels. See for example the BBC white paper
-"<a href="http://downloads.bbc.co.uk/rd/pubs/whp/whp-pdf-files/WHP202.pdf">Terminology
-for loudness and level dBTP, LU, and all that</a>" from 2011 for a
-summary of the problem domain. To better address the need for even
-loadness, the TV channels got together several years ago to agree on a
-new way to measure loudness in digital files as one step in
-standardizing loudness. From this came the ITU-R standard BS.1770,
-"<a href="http://www.itu.int/rec/R-REC-BS.1770/en">Algorithms to
-measure audio programme loudness and true-peak audio level</a>".</p>
-
-<p>The ITU-R BS.1770 specification describe an algorithm to measure
-loadness in LUFS (Loudness Units, referenced to Full Scale). But
-having a way to measure is not enough. To get the same loudness
-across TV channels, one also need to decide which value to standardize
-on. For European TV channels, this was done in the EBU Recommondaton
-R128, "<a href="https://tech.ebu.ch/docs/r/r128.pdf">Loudness
-normalisation and permitted maximum level of audio signals</a>", which
-specifies a recommended level of -23 LUFS. In Norway, I have been
-told that NRK, TV2, MTG and SBS have decided among themselves to
-follow the R128 recommondation for playout from 2016-03-01.</p>
-
-<p>There are free software available to measure and adjust the loudness
-level using the LUFS. In Debian, I am aware of a library named
-<a href="https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/libebur128">libebur128</a>
-able to measure the loudness and since yesterday morning a new binary
-named <a href="http://bs1770gain.sourceforge.net">bs1770gain</a>
-capable of both measuring and adjusting was uploaded and is waiting
-for NEW processing. I plan to maintain the latter in Debian under the
-<a href="https://qa.debian.org/developer.php?email=pkg-multimedia-maintainers%40lists.alioth.debian.org">Debian
-multimedia</a> umbrella.</p>
-
-<p>The free software based TV channel I am involved in,
-<a href="http://www.frikanalen.no/">Frikanalen</a>, plan to follow the
-R128 recommondation ourself as soon as we can adjust the software to
-do so, and the bs1770gain tool seem like a good fit for that part of
-the puzzle to measure loudness on new video uploaded to Frikanalen.
-Personally, I plan to use bs1770gain to adjust the loudness of videos
-I upload to Frikanalen on behalf of <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">the
-NUUG member organisation</a>. The program seem to be able to measure
-the LUFS value of any media file handled by ffmpeg, but I've only
-successfully adjusted the LUFS value of WAV files. I suspect it
-should be able to adjust it for all the formats handled by ffmpeg.</p>
-</description>
- </item>
-
- <item>
- <title>Hva gjør at NRK kan distribuere H.264-video uten patentavtale med MPEG LA?</title>
- <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hva_gj_r_at_NRK_kan_distribuere_H_264_video_uten_patentavtale_med_MPEG_LA_.html</link>
- <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hva_gj_r_at_NRK_kan_distribuere_H_264_video_uten_patentavtale_med_MPEG_LA_.html</guid>
- <pubDate>Wed, 10 Jun 2015 15:20:00 +0200</pubDate>
- <description><p>Helt siden jeg i 2012 fikk beskjed fra MPEG LA om at
-<a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/MPEG_LA_mener_NRK_m__ha_avtale_med_dem_for___kringkaste_og_publisere_H_264_video.html">NRK
-trengte patentavtale med dem</a> hvis de distribuerte H.264-video til
-sluttbrukere, har jeg lurt på hva som gjør at NRK ikke har slik
-avtale. For noen dager siden fikk jeg endelig gjort noe med min
-undring, og sendte 2015-05-28 følgende epost til info (at) nrk.no med
-tittel "Hva gjør at NRK kan distribuere H.264-video uten patentavtale
-med MPEG LA?":</p>
-
-<p><blockquote>
-<p>Jeg lurer på en ting rundt NRKs bruk av H.264-video på sine
-websider samt distribusjon via RiksTV og kabel-TV. Har NRK vurdert om
-det er behov for en patentavtale med
-<a href="http://www.mpegla.com/">MPEG LA</a> slik det står i
-programvarelisensene til blant annet Apple Final Cut Studio, Adobe
-Premiere Pro, Avid og Apples Final Cut Pro X?</p>
-
-<p>Hvis dere har vurdert dette, hva var utfallet av en slik vurdering?</p>
-
-<p>Hvis dere ikke har vurdert dette, har NRK planer om å vurdere behovet
-for patentavtale?</p>
-
-<p>I følge en artikkel på
-<a href="https://nrkbeta.no/2012/02/01/siste-kutt-for-final-cut/">NRK
-Beta i 2012</a> har NRK brukt eller testet både Apple Final Cut
-Studio, Adobe Premiere Pro, Avid og Apples Final Cut Pro X til bruk
-for å redigere video før sending. Alle disse har bruksvilkår
-understøttet av opphavsretten som sier at de kun kan brukes til å lage
-filmer til personlig og ikke-kommersiell bruk - med mindre en har en
-lisensavtale med MPEG LA om bruk av patenter utstedt i USA for H.264.
-Se f.eks. <a href="http://www.avid.com/static/resources/common/documents/corporate/LICENSE.pdf">bruksvilkårene for Avid</a>, <a href="http://news.cnet.com/8301-30685_3-20000101-264.html">Adobe Premiere</a> og <a href="http://images.apple.com/legal/sla/docs/finalcutstudio2.pdf">Apple Final
-Cut Studio</a> og søk etter "MPEG LA".</p>
-
-<p>Dette får meg til å lure på om det er brudd på opphavsretten å bruke
-disse verktøyene i strid med bruksvilkårene uten patentavtale med MPEG
-LA. Men NRK bruker jo tilsynelatende disse verktøyene uten patentavtale
-med MPEG LA.</p>
-
-<p>I følge forfatteren av Open Broadcast Encoder finnes det to typer
-H.264-relaterte avtaler en kan få med MPEG LA. Det er én for å lage
-programvare og utstyr som produserer H.264-video, og en annen for å
-kringkaste video som bruker H.264. Dette forteller meg at selv om
-produsentene av utstyr og programvare som NRK bruker har en slik avtale
-med MPEG LA, så trenges det en egen avtale for å kringkaste video på det
-formatet.</p>
-
-<p>I følge Ryan Rodriguez hos MPEG LA, da jeg spurte ham på epost i
-juni 2012, har NRK ikke en slik avtale med MPEG LA. Han sa videre at
-NRK trenger en slik avtale hvis NRK tilbyr H.264-kodet video til
-sluttbrukere. Jeg sjekket listen med
-<a href="http://www.mpegla.com/main/programs/AVC/Pages/Licensees.aspx">organisasjoner
-med avtale med MPEG LA</a> og NRK står fortsatt ikke der.</p>
-
-<p>Jeg lurer dermed på hva som gjør at NRK kan bruke de overnevnte
-videoredigeringsverktøyene, som tilsynelatende har krav om avtale med
-MPEG LA for å kunne brukes slik NRK bruker dem, til å lage videofiler
-for distribusjon uten å ha en avtale med MPEG LA om distribusjon av
-H.264-video? Dette er spesielt interessant å vite for oss andre som
-også vurderer å spre H.264-video etter å ha redigert dem med disse mye
-brukte videoredigeringsverktøyene.</p>
-</blockquote></p>
-
-<p>Samme dag fikk jeg automatisk svar om at min henvendelse hadde fått
-saksid 1294699. Jeg fikk deretter følgende respons fra NRK
-2015-06-09:</p>
-
-<p><blockquote>
-<p>Hei, beklager lang svartid, men det tok litt tid å finne ut hvem som kunne
-svare på dette.</p>
-
-<p>For selskaper som leverer h.264 til sluttbrukere på nett (f.eks
-NRKs nett- tv utgaver som bruker h.264) - og som leverer slike
-tjenester uten betaling fra forbrukere – er det heller ikke påkrevd
-noen patentavtale.</p>
-
-<p><a href="http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20100825006629/en/MPEG-LA%E2%80%99s-AVC-License-Charge-Royalties-Internet#.VWb2ws_774Y">http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20100825006629/en/MPEG-LA%E2%80%99s-AVC-License-Charge-Royalties-Internet#.VWb2ws_774Y</a></p>
-
-<p>Med vennlig hilsen
-<br>Gunn Helen Berg
-<br>Informasjonskonsulent, Publikumsservice</p>
-
-<p>NRK
-<br>Strategidivisjonen
-<Br>Sentralbord: +47 23 04 70 00
-<br>Post: NRK Publikumsservice, 8608 Mo i Rana
-<br>nrk.no / info (at) nrk.no</p>
-</blockquote></p>
-
-Da dette ikke helt var svar på det jeg lurte på, sendte jeg samme dag
-oppfølgerepost tilbake:
-
-<p><blockquote>
-<p>[Gunn Helen Berg]
-<br>> Hei, beklager lang svartid, men det tok litt tid å finne ut hvem som
-<br>> kunne svare på dette.</p>
-
-<p>Takk for svar. Men det besvarte ikke helt det jeg spurte om.</p>
-
-<p>> For selskaper som leverer h.264 til sluttbrukere på nett (f.eks NRKs
-<br>> nett- tv utgaver som bruker h.264) - og som leverer slike tjenester
-<br>> uten betaling fra forbrukere – er det heller ikke påkrevd noen
-<br>> patentavtale.
-<br>>
-<br>> http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20100825006629/en/MPEG-LA%E2%80%99s-AVC-License-Charge-Royalties-Internet#.VWb2ws_774Y</p>
-
-<p>Spørsmålet er ikke kun om MPEG LA krever patentavtale eller ikke
-(hvilket ikke helt besvares av pressemeldingen omtalt over, gitt at
-pressemeldingen kom i 2010, to år før MPEG LA ansvarlige for
-internasjonal lisensiering egen Ryan Rodriguez fortalte meg på epost
-at NRK trenger en lisens.</p>
-
-<p>Det er uklart fra pressemeldingen hva "Internet Broadcast AVC
-Video" konkret betyr, men i følge en
-<a href="http://www.mpegla.com/main/programs/avc/Documents/avcweb.pdf">presentasjon
-fra MPEG LA med tema "AVC PAtent Portfoli License Briefing" datert
-2015-05-15</a> gjelder "Internet Broadcast AVC Video" kun kringkasting
-på Internet som ikke tilbyr valg av enkeltinnslag ("not
-title-by-title"), hvilket jo NRK gjør på sine nettsider. I tillegg
-kringkaster jo NRK H.264-video også utenom Internet (RiksTV, kabel,
-satelitt), hvilket helt klart ikke er dekket av vilkårene omtalt i
-pressemeldingen.</p>
-
-<p>Spørsmålet mitt er hvordan NRK kan bruke verktøy med bruksvilkår
-som krever avtale med MPEG LA for det NRK bruker dem til, når NRK ikke
-har avtale med MPEG LA. Hvis jeg forsto spørsmålet riktig, så mener
-NRK at dere ikke trenger avtale med MPEG LA, men uten slik avtale kan
-dere vel ikke bruke hverken Apple Final Cut Studio, Adobe Premiere
-Pro, Avid eller Apples Final Cut Pro X for å redigere video før
-sending?</p>
-
-<p>Mine konkrete spørsmål var altså:</p>
-
-<ul>
-
-<li>Hvis NRK har vurdert om det er behov for en patentavtale med MPEG LA
- slik det er krav om i programvarelisensene til blant annet Apple
- Final Cut Studio, Adobe Premiere Pro, Avid og Apples Final Cut Pro X,
- hva var utfallet av en slik vurdering? Kan jeg få kopi av vurderingen
- hvis den er gjort skriftlig?</li>
-
-<li>Hvis NRK ikke har vurdert dette, har NRK planer om å vurdere behovet
- for patentavtale?</li>
-
-<li>Hva slags saksnummer fikk min henvendelse i NRKs offentlige
- postjournal? Jeg ser at postjournalen ikke er publisert for den
- aktuelle perioden ennå, så jeg fikk ikke sjekket selv.</li>
-
-</ul>
-</blockquote></p>
-
-<p>Det hjelper å ha funnet rette vedkommende i NRK, for denne gangen
-fikk jeg svar tilbake dagen etter (2015-06-10), fra Geir Børdalen i
-NRK:</p>
-
-<p><blockquote>
-<p>Hei Petter Reinholdtsen</p>
-
-<p>Jeg har sjekket saken med distribusjonssjef for tv, Arild Hellgren
-(som var teknologidirektør da bakkenettet ble satt opp). NRK v/
-Hellgren hadde møte med MPEG LA sammen med den europeiske
-kringkastingsunionen EBU før bakkenettet for TV ble satt opp
-(igangsatt høsten 2007). I dette møtet ble det avklart at NRK/EBU ikke
-trengte noen patentavtale for h.264 i forbindelse med oppsett av
-bakkenettet eller bruk av MPEG4 h.264 som kompresjonsalgoritme fordi
-tjenesten «in full»(nor: helt) var betalt av utsendelseselskapene og
-ikke av forbrukerne.</p>
-
-<p><a href="http://www.nrk.no/oppdrag/digitalt-bakkenett-1.3214555">http://www.nrk.no/oppdrag/digitalt-bakkenett-1.3214555</a></p>
-
-<p>Det er også klart slått fast at selskaper som leverer video basert
-på MPEG4 h.264 til sluttbrukere på nett, heller ikke påkrevd noen
-patentavtale – så lenge de leverer slike tjenester uten betaling fra
-sluttbrukere.</p>
-
-<a href="http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20100825006629/en/MPEG-LA%E2%80%99s-AVC-License-Charge-Royalties-Internet#.VWb2ws_774Y">http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20100825006629/en/MPEG-LA%E2%80%99s-AVC-License-Charge-Royalties-Internet#.VWb2ws_774Y</a>
-
-<p>“MPEG LA announced today that its AVC Patent Portfolio License will
-continue not to charge royalties for Internet Video that is free to
-end users (known as “Internet Broadcast AVC Video”) during the entire
-life of this License. MPEG LA previously announced it would not charge
-royalties for such video through December 31, 2015 (see
-<a href="http://www.mpegla.com/Lists/MPEG%20LA%20News%20List/Attachments/226/n-10-02-02.pdf">http://www.mpegla.com/Lists/MPEG%20LA%20News%20List/Attachments/226/n-10-02-02.pdf</a>),
-and today’s announcement makes clear that royalties will continue not
-to be charged for such video beyond that time. Products and services
-other than Internet Broadcast AVC Video continue to be
-royalty-bearing.”</p>
-
-<p>Vi har derfor ikke noe behov for å vurdere noen patentavtale med
-MPEG LA.</p>
-
-<p>Understreker for øvrig at NRK ikke er låst til MPEG4 – h.264 som
-utsendelsesformat – og at vi har brukt og bruker flere andre
-alternativer i våre tjenester. Ulike «devicer» har ofte behov for
-forskjellige løsninger – og NRK har forsøkt å levere med best mulig
-kvalitet /økonomi /stabilitet avhengig av
-plattform. Produksjonsformater i NRK spenner for øvrig over en rekke
-forskjellige formater – hvor MPEG4 bare er en av disse. Når NRK kjøper
-teknisk utstyr er betaling for kodekstøtte ofte en del av
-anskaffelsesprisen for denne maskinvaren (enten dette er spesialiserte
-enkodere eller forskjellige typer produksjonsutstyr).</p>
-
-<p>Vennlig hilsen
-<br>Geir Børdalen</p>
-
-<p>________________________________________
-<br>Geir Børdalen
-<br>Investeringsansvarlig NRK / Hovedprosjektleder - Origo
-<br>Avdeling for utvikling, innovasjon, investering og eiendom
-<br>NRK medietjenester
-<br>Sentralbord: +47 23 04 70 00
-<br>Post: NRK, AUTV (RBM5), Pb. 8500 Majorstuen, 0340 Oslo
-<br>nrk.no
-</blockquote></p>
-
-<p>Et godt og grundig svar, som var informativt om hvordan NRK tenker
-rundt patentavtale med MPEG LA, men heller ikke helt besvarte det jeg
-lurte på, så jeg sendte epostoppfølging samme dag.</p>
-
-<p><blockquote>
-<p>[Geir Børdalen]
-<br>> Hei Petter Reinholdtsen</p>
-
-<p>Hei, og takk for raskt svar. Er min henvendelse journalført slik
-at den dukker opp i NRKs postjournal?</p>
-
-<p>Svaret ditt var meget nyttig, og jeg forstår ut fra det du skriver
-at avklaringen med MPEG LA rundt H.264-distribusjon via bakkenettet
-gjelder alle TV-kanaler i Norge. Hvilke saksnummer fikk dokumenter
-som ble opprettet i forbindelse med det omtalte møtet NRK v/Hellgren
-og EBU hadde med MPEG LA (dvs. referater, avtaler, etc),
-f.eks. dokumentet der formuleringen "in full" som du omtaler
-finnes?<p>
-
-<p>Men det er et par ting jeg fortsatt ikke forstår. Det ene er
-hvorfor NRKs forståelse av hva "Internet Broadcast AVC Video" dekker
-ser ut til å avvike fra det som presenteres i
-<a href="http://www.mpegla.com/main/programs/avc/Documents/avcweb.pdf">lysark
-fra MPEG LA</a> i mai, der MPEG LA på lysark med overskriften
-"AVC/H.264 License Terms Participation Fees" og undertittel "Where
-remuneration is from other sources" skriver "Internet Broadcast AVC
-Video (not title-by-title, not subscription) – no royalty for life of
-the AVC Patent Portfolio License".</p>
-
-<p>Her leser jeg MPEG LA dithen at det kun er kringkasting uten
-abonnement via Internet som er dekket at vilkårne omtalt i
-pressemeldingen, mens jeg forstår deg dithen at NRK mener NRKs
-nettsider som også har enkeltfilmer og innslag (som jeg forstår dekket
-av formuleringen "title-by-title") dekkes av "Internet Broadcast AVC
-Video" fra MPEG LA. Hva baserer dere denne tolkningen på? Jeg har
-ikke sett noe skriftlig fra MPEG LA som støtter NRKs tolkning, og
-lurer på om dere har andre kilder enn den pressemeldingen fra 5 år
-tilbake, der NRKS forståelse av hva "Internet Broadcast AVC Video"
-dekker er beskrevet?</p>
-
-<p>Det andre er at eposten din ikke nevnte spørsmålet mitt om
-bruksvilkårene til videoredigeringsverktøyene som NRK bruker. Disse
-har som tidligere nevnt krav om at de kun skal brukes til private og
-ikke-kommersielle formål med mindre en har avtale med MPEG LA, og uten
-avtale med MPEG LA kan det jo virke som om NRK bruker verktøyene i
-strid med bruksvilkårene. Hva gjør at disse bruksvilkårene ikke
-gjelder for NRK?</p>
-</blockquote></p>
-
-<p>Noen minutter senere får jeg foreløpig siste svar i
-føljetongen:</p>
-
-<p><blockquote>
-<p>Hei igjen</p>
-
-<p>Vårt dokumentarkiv har fått en kopi (journalføringsnr kan jeg
-dessverre ikke gi deg).<p>
-
-<p>> Svaret ditt var meget nyttig, og jeg forstår ut fra det du
-<br>> skriver at avklaringen med MPEG LA rundt H.264-distribusjon via
-<br>> bakkenettet gjelder alle TV-kanaler i Norge.</p>
-
-<p>Svar: Kan ikke svare for andre enn for NRK/EBU - og for bakkenettet
-i Norge er det kun NRK som er et lisensbasert selskap. Kan ikke gi noe
-svar på saksnr på dokumenter eller ytterligere informasjon da jeg selv
-ikke var del i dette.</p>
-
-<p>> Men det er et par ting jeg fortsatt ikke forstår. ...</p>
-
-<p>Svar: Kan ikke gå ytterligere inn i dette fra min side og mitt
-fagfelt som er produksjon/publisering og systemstrukturene bak
-disse. For øvrig ligger det etter vår formening ingen begrensninger
-for NRK i mulighetene til publisering mht til kodek i
-produksjonssystemer. Som tidligere skrevet mener vi at NRK ikke
-trenger noen avtale med MPEG LA og støtter oss til det vi allerede har
-kommunisert i forrige epost.</p>
-
-<p>Mvh
-<br>Geir Børdalen</p>
-</blockquote></p>
-
-<p>Det syntes vanskelig å komme videre når NRK ikke ønsker å gå inn i
-problemstillingen rundt bruksvilkårene til videoredigeringsverktøyene
-NRK bruker, så jeg sendte takk for svarene og avsluttet utvekslingen
-så langt:</p>
-
-<p><blockquote>
-<p>Tusen takk for rask respons, og oppklarende forklaring om hvordan
-NRK tenker rundt MPEG LA.</p>
-
-<p>Jeg vil høre med NRK-arkivet for å se om de kan spore opp de
-omtalte dokumentene. Jeg setter pris på om du kan dele titler, dato
-eller annen informasjon som kan gjøre det enklere for arkivet å finne
-dem.</p>
-
-<p>Når det gjelder hvordan bruksvilkårene til
-videoredigeringsverktøyene skal tolkes, så skal jeg høre med MPEG LA
-og produsentene av verktøyene for å forsøke å få klarhet i hva de
-mener er rikgig rettstilstand.</p>
-</blockquote></p>
-
-<p>Jeg ble litt klokere, men fortsatt er det uklart for meg hva som er
-grunnlaget til NRK for å se bort fra bruksvilkår i
-videoredigeringsprogramvare som krever MPEG LA-avtale til alt annet
-enn privat og ikke-kommersiell bruk.</p>
-</description>
- </item>
-
- <item>
- <title>Blir det virkelig krav om fingeravtrykk i nasjonale ID-kort?</title>
- <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Blir_det_virkelig_krav_om_fingeravtrykk_i_nasjonale_ID_kort_.html</link>
- <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Blir_det_virkelig_krav_om_fingeravtrykk_i_nasjonale_ID_kort_.html</guid>
- <pubDate>Tue, 12 May 2015 11:30:00 +0200</pubDate>
- <description><p>Noen finner det vanskelig å tro at Stortinget faktisk har vedtatt å
-kreve at alle norske borgerne må avgi fingeravtrykk til politiet for å
-fungere i samfunnet. Jeg er blitt spurt hva som er grunnlaget for
-<a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Norwegian_citizens_now_required_by_law_to_give_their_fingerprint_to_the_police.html">min
-påstand i forrige bloggpost</a> om at det nå blir krav om å avgi
-fingeravtrykk til politiet for å fungere som borger i Norge. De som
-spør klarer ikke lese det ut fra det som er vedtatt. Her er en liten
-oppsummering om hva jeg baserer det på. Det sies ikke direkte i
-hverken proposisjon, innstilling eller vedtak, men fremgår når en ser
-på indirekte formuleringer.</p>
-
-<p>I
-<a href="https://www.regjeringen.no/nb/dokumenter/prop.-66-l-2014-2015/id2399703/">stortingsproposisjon
-66</a>, avsnitt 6.3.5 (Avgivelse av biometriske personopplysninger)
-står det<p>
-
-<p><blockquote>
-
- <p>Departementet foreslår at både ansiktsfoto og fingeravtrykk skal
- kunne opptas og lagres som identifikasjonsdata i de nasjonale
- ID-kortene, på samme måte som i passene. Lovforslaget er derfor
- utformet i tråd med passloven § 6 annet ledd, som fastslår at det
- til bruk for senere verifisering eller kontroll av passinnehaverens
- identitet kan innhentes og lagres i passet biometrisk
- personinformasjon i form av ansiktsfoto og fingeravtrykk (to
- fingre). Dagens ordning med lagring av ansiktsfoto og fingeravtrykk
- i et kontaktløst smartkort i passet er basert på internasjonale
- standarder. Fingeravtrykkene i nasjonalt ID-kort vil bli beskyttet
- på samme måte som fingeravtrykkene i passene.</p>
-
- <p>[...]</p>
-
- <p>For norske forhold understreker departementet at innføring av
- nasjonale ID-kort sammen med innføring av nye systemer for sikrere
- utstedelse og kontroll av pass og relaterte dokumenter gir mulighet
- til å utforme ordningen slik at den best mulig møter utfordringene
- forbundet med identitetskriminalitet. Det tilsier at fingeravtrykk
- opptas og lagres i alle nasjonale ID-kort.</p>
-</blockquote></p>
-
-<p>Departementet sier altså at sin anbefaling er at fingeravtrykk skal
-opptas og lagres i alle nasjonale ID-kort. Det skrives som om det
-blir valgfritt, på samme måten som det skrives passloven, der det i
-loven sier at det kan
-«<a href="https://lovdata.no/dokument/NL/lov/1997-06-19-82#§6">innhentes
-og lagres i passet biometrisk personinformasjon i form av ansiktsfoto
-og fingeravtrykk (to fingre)</a>». Men på tross av bruken av «kan» i
-passloven er det innført krav om å avgi fingeravtrykk for å få et pass
-i Norge. Proposisjonen sier i tillegg i del 1 (Proposisjonens
-hovedinnhold) at ID-kortene skal være like pålitelig som pass og ha
-samme sikkerhetsnivå som pass. Departementet foreslår altså at
-ID-kortene skal gis etter samme regler som for pass.</p>
-
-<p>Formuleringene fra hovedinnholdet i proposisjonen er videreført i
-<a href="https://www.stortinget.no/no/Saker-og-publikasjoner/Publikasjoner/Innstillinger/Stortinget/2014-2015/inns-201415-243/?lvl=0">innstillingen
-fra stortingskomiteen</a>, der det konkret står «De foreslåtte reglene
-vil gi befolkningen tilbud om et offentlig utstedt identitetsbevis som
-vil være like pålitelig som passet, og mer praktisk å bruke som
-legitimasjon» og «Det nasjonale ID-kortet skal også holde samme
-sikkerhetsnivå som passet». Komiteen har altså ingen kommentarer
-eller innsigelser til dette forslaget, og gjorde i debatten da saken
-ble vedtatt det klart at dette var en god sak og at en enstemmig
-komité var glad for resultatet. Stortinget har dermed stilt seg helt
-og fullt bak departementets forslag.</p>
-
-<p>For meg er det åpenbart når en leser proposisjonen at «like
-pålitelig» og «samme sikkerhetsnivå» vil bli tolket av departementet
-som «med samme biometrisk informasjon som i passene», og departementet
-forklarer i tillegg i proposisjonen at de har tenkt at
-fingeravtrykkene «vil bli beskyttet på samme måte som fingeravtrykkene
-i passene». Jeg ser det dermed som åpenbart at den samme
-tvangsinnhentingen av fingeravtrykk som gjelder for pass vil bli
-viderført til de nasjonale ID-kortene.</p>
-
-<p>Det eneste som kan endre dette er massive protester fra
-befolkningen på at folk som ikke er mistenkt for noe kriminelt skal
-tvinges til å gi fingeravtrykket til politiet for å f.eks. kunne få
-bankkonto eller stemme ved valg. Det kunne få departementet til å
-snu. Det tror jeg ikke vil skje.</p>
-</description>
- </item>
-
- <item>
- <title>Norwegian citizens now required by law to give their fingerprint to the police</title>
- <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Norwegian_citizens_now_required_by_law_to_give_their_fingerprint_to_the_police.html</link>
- <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Norwegian_citizens_now_required_by_law_to_give_their_fingerprint_to_the_police.html</guid>
- <pubDate>Sun, 10 May 2015 16:00:00 +0200</pubDate>
- <description><p>5 days ago, the Norwegian Parliament decided, unanimously, that all
-citizens of Norway, no matter if they are suspected of something
-criminal or not, are
-<a href="https://www.holderdeord.no/votes/1430838871e">required to
-give fingerprints to the police</a> (vote details from Holder de
-ord). The law make it sound like it will be optional, but in a few
-years there will be no option any more. The ID will be required to
-vote, to get a bank account, a bank card, to change address on the
-post office, to receive an electronic ID or to get a drivers license
-and many other tasks required to function in Norway. The banks plan
-to stop providing their own ID on the bank cards when this new
-national ID is introduced, and the national road authorities plan to
-change the drivers license to no longer be usable as identity cards.
-In effect, to function as a citizen in Norway a national ID card will
-be required, and to get it one need to provide the fingerprints to
-the police.</p>
-
-<p>In addition to handing the fingerprint to the police (which
-promised to not make a copy of the fingerprint image at that point in
-time, but say nothing about doing it later), a picture of the
-fingerprint will be stored on the RFID chip, along with a picture of
-the face and other information about the person. Some of the
-information will be encrypted, but the encryption will be the same
-system as currently used in the passports. The codes to decrypt will
-be available to a lot of government offices and their suppliers around
-the globe, but for those that do not know anyone in those circles it
-is good to know that
-<a href="http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2006/nov/17/news.homeaffairs">the
-encryption is already broken</a>. And they
-<a href="http://www.networkworld.com/article/2215057/wireless/bad-guys-could-read-rfid-passports-at-217-feet--maybe-a-lot-more.html">can
-be read from 70 meters away</a>. This can be mitigated a bit by
-keeping it in a Faraday cage (metal box or metal wire container), but
-one will be required to take it out of there often enough to expose
-ones private and personal information to a lot of people that have no
-business getting access to that information.</p>
-
-<p>The new Norwegian national IDs are a vehicle for identity theft,
-and I feel sorry for us all having politicians accepting such invasion
-of privacy without any objections. So are the Norwegian passports,
-but it has been possible to function in Norway without those so far.
-That option is going away with the passing of the new law. In this, I
-envy the Germans, because for them it is optional how much biometric
-information is stored in their national ID.</p>
-
-<p>And if forced collection of fingerprints was not bad enough, the
-information collected in the national ID card register can be handed
-over to foreign intelligence services and police authorities, "when
-extradition is not considered disproportionate".</p>
-
-<p>Update 2015-05-12: For those unable to believe that the Parliament
-really could make such decision, I wrote
-<a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Blir_det_virkelig_krav_om_fingeravtrykk_i_nasjonale_ID_kort_.html">a
-summary of the sources I have</a> for concluding the way I do
-(Norwegian Only, as the sources are all in Norwegian).</p>
-</description>
- </item>
-
- <item>
- <title>What would it cost to store all phone calls in Norway?</title>
- <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/What_would_it_cost_to_store_all_phone_calls_in_Norway_.html</link>
- <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/What_would_it_cost_to_store_all_phone_calls_in_Norway_.html</guid>
- <pubDate>Fri, 1 May 2015 19:30:00 +0200</pubDate>
- <description><p>Many years ago, a friend of mine calculated how much it would cost
-to store the sound of all phone calls in Norway, and came up with the
-cost of around 20 million NOK (2.4 mill EUR) for all the calls in a
-year. I got curious and wondered what the same calculation would look
-like today. To do so one need an idea of how much data storage is
-needed for each minute of sound, how many minutes all the calls in
-Norway sums up to, and the cost of data storage.</p>
-
-<p>The 2005 numbers are from
-<a href="http://www.digi.no/analyser/2005/10/04/vi-prater-stadig-mindre-i-roret">digi.no</a>,
-the 2012 numbers are from
-<a href="http://www.nkom.no/aktuelt/nyheter/fortsatt-vekst-i-det-norske-ekommarkedet">a
-NKOM report</a>, and I got the 2013 numbers after asking NKOM via
-email. I was told the numbers for 2014 will be presented May 20th,
-and decided not to wait for those, as I doubt they will be very
-different from the numbers from 2013.</p>
-
-<p>The amount of data storage per minute sound depend on the wanted
-quality, and for phone calls it is generally believed that 8 Kbit/s is
-enough. See for example a
-<a href="http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/support/docs/voice/voice-quality/7934-bwidth-consume.html#topic1">summary
-on voice quality from Cisco</a> for some alternatives. 8 Kbit/s is 60
-Kbytes/min, and this can be multiplied with the number of call minutes
-to get the storage requirements.</p>
-
-<p>Storage prices varies a lot, depending on speed, backup strategies,
-availability requirements etc. But a simple way to calculate can be
-to use the price of a TiB-disk (around 1000 NOK / 120 EUR) and double
-it to take space, power and redundancy into account. It could be much
-higher with high speed and good redundancy requirements.</p>
-
-<p>But back to the question, What would it cost to store all phone
-calls in Norway? Not much. Here is a small table showing the
-estimated cost, which is within the budget constraint of most medium
-and large organisations:</p>
-
-<table border="1">
-<tr><th>Year</th><th>Call minutes</th><th>Size</th><th>Price in NOK / EUR</th></tr>
-<tr><td>2005</td><td align="right">24 000 000 000</td><td align="right">1.3 PiB</td><td align="right">3 mill / 358 000</td></tr>
-<tr><td>2012</td><td align="right">18 000 000 000</td><td align="right">1.0 PiB</td><td align="right">2.2 mill / 262 000</td></tr>
-<tr><td>2013</td><td align="right">17 000 000 000</td><td align="right">950 TiB</td><td align="right">2.1 mill / 250 000</td></tr>
-</table>
-
-<p>This is the cost of buying the storage. Maintenance need to be
-taken into account too, but calculating that is left as an exercise
-for the reader. But it is obvious to me from those numbers that
-recording the sound of all phone calls in Norway is not going to be
-stopped because it is too expensive. I wonder if someone already is
-collecting the data?</p>
-</description>
- </item>
-
</channel>
</rss>
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