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-               <title>Noen problemer rundt unikt nummererte stemmesedler i norske valg</title>
-               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Noen_problemer_rundt_unikt_nummererte_stemmesedler_i_norske_valg.html</link>
-               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Noen_problemer_rundt_unikt_nummererte_stemmesedler_i_norske_valg.html</guid>
-                <pubDate>Tue, 13 Sep 2011 16:00:00 +0200</pubDate>
-               <description>&lt;p&gt;I digi.no forklarer Ergo Group at gårdagens problemer med
-opptelling av stemmesedler ved kommunevalget var at
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.digi.no/877938/ikke-programmeringsshy%3Bfeil-i-valgshy%3Bsystemet&quot;&gt;noen
-stemmesedler ikke hadde unike løpenummer&lt;/a&gt;, og at programvaren som
-ble brukt til telling ikke var laget for å håndtere dette.  Jeg ble
-svært overrasket over å lese at norske stemmesedler har unike
-løpenummer, da min forståelse er at det går på bekostning av kravet om
-hemmelige valg.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Jeg har ikke god oversikt over hvilke problemer dette kan skape for
-hemmelig valg, men her er noen scenarier som virker problematiske for
-meg:&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;(1) Jomar og Bertil avtaler at Bertil skal stemme på Lurepartiet
-med stemmeseddelen som Bertil får utlevert fra Jomar, og belønnes for
-dette.  Stemmeseddelen har et unikt løpenummer, og ved opptellingen
-sjekker Jomar at stemmeseddelen til Lurepartiet det unike løpenummeret
-er med i stemmesedlene som ble talt opp før Bertil får sin belønning.
-Unike løpenummer legger så vidt jeg kan forstå opp til kjøp og salg av
-stemmer.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;(2) Jomar har også jobb som valgobservatør, og har gått igjennom
-avlukkene og notert parti og løpenummer for alle stemmesedlene i
-avlukkene.  Har er i tillegg jevnlig innom og sjekker hvilke
-løpenummer som er igjen i avlukkene (lar seg ganske raskt og enkelt
-gjøre med en mobiltelefon med kamera som kan ta bilder av alle
-løpenumrene).  Når en person han vil vite hva stemmer kommer innom,
-sammenligner han stemmesedler i avlukkene før og etter at vedkommende
-har vært innom, og sjekker så om løpenummeret som var på stemmeseddel
-(eller sedlene) som forsvant fra avlukket dukker opp under
-opptellingen.  Det kan på den måten være mulig å finne ut hva en
-person stemte.  Hvis personen tar med seg en stemmeseddel fra alle
-partiene vil det fortsatt være mulig å finne ut hvilken av disse som
-ble talt opp, slik at en ikke kan beskytte seg på det viset./p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Jeg er ikke sikker på hvor realistiske disse scenariene er i dag,
-dvs. hvilke andre prosedyrer som finnes i det norske valget for å
-hindre dette.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Det er dog ingen tvil om at det er lurt å nummerere stemmesedler
-ved opptelling for å sikre at ingen forsvinner i prosessen med å telle
-opp stemmer, men det må gjøres når stemmeurnene åpnes og ikke før
-innbyggerne avgir sin stemme.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Under Go Open 2009 presenterte Mitch Trachtenberg fra Humboldt
-County, California hvordan
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://goopen2009.friprog.no/program/48-freevalg&quot;&gt;de laget et
-system som kontrolltalte stemmene&lt;/a&gt; der ved hjelp av en scanner med
-arkmater og fri programvare.  Der ble stemmesedlene unikt nummerert
-før scanning, og det er laget en CD med bilder av alle stemmesedler
-slik at enhver kan kontrolltelle stemmene selv hvis de ønsker det.
-Kanskje en ide også for Norge?  Programvaren er så vidt jeg vet fri
-programvare, og tilgjengelig fra
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tevsystems.com/&quot;&gt;hans nettsted&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+               <title>HTC One X - Your video?  What do you mean?</title>
+               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/HTC_One_X___Your_video___What_do_you_mean_.html</link>
+               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/HTC_One_X___Your_video___What_do_you_mean_.html</guid>
+                <pubDate>Thu, 26 Apr 2012 13:20:00 +0200</pubDate>
+               <description>&lt;p&gt;In &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.idg.no/computerworld/article243690.ece&quot;&gt;an
+article today&lt;/a&gt; published by Computerworld Norway, the photographer
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.urke.com/eirik/&quot;&gt;Eirik Helland Urke&lt;/a&gt; reports
+that the video editor application included with
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.htc.com/www/smartphones/htc-one-x/#specs&quot;&gt;HTC One
+X&lt;/a&gt; have some quite surprising terms of use.  The article is mostly
+based on the twitter message from mister Urke, stating:
+
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
+&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://twitter.com/urke/status/194062269724897280&quot;&gt;Drøy
+brukeravtale: HTC kan bruke MINE redigerte videoer kommersielt. Selv
+kan jeg KUN bruke dem privat&lt;/a&gt;&quot;
+&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;I quickly translated it to this English message:&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
+&quot;Arrogant user agreement: HTC can use MY edited videos
+commercially.  Although I can ONLY use them privately.&quot;
+&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;I&#39;ve been unable to find the text of the license term myself, but
+suspect it is a variation of the MPEG-LA terms I
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Terms_of_use_for_video_produced_by_a_Canon_IXUS_130_digital_camera.html&quot;&gt;discovered
+with my Canon IXUS 130&lt;/a&gt;.  The HTC One X specification specifies that
+the recording format of the phone is .amr for audio and .mp3 for
+video.  AMR is
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adaptive_Multi-Rate_audio_codec#Licensing_and_patent_issues&quot;&gt;Adaptive
+Multi-Rate audio codec&lt;/a&gt; with patents which according to the
+Wikipedia article require an license agreement with
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.voiceage.com/&quot;&gt;VoiceAge&lt;/a&gt;.  MP4 is
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.264/MPEG-4_AVC#Patent_licensing&quot;&gt;MPEG4 with
+H.264&lt;/a&gt;, which according to Wikipedia require a licence agreement
+with &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mpegla.com/&quot;&gt;MPEG-LA&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;I know why I prefer
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.digistan.org/open-standard:definition&quot;&gt;free and open
+standards&lt;/a&gt; also for video.&lt;/p&gt;

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-               <title>Mer løgnpropaganda fra BSA</title>
-               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Mer_l_gnpropaganda_fra_BSA.html</link>
-               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Mer_l_gnpropaganda_fra_BSA.html</guid>
-                <pubDate>Fri, 9 Sep 2011 11:00:00 +0200</pubDate>
-               <description>&lt;p&gt;I år igjen er Microsoft-politiet BSA ute med løgnpropagandaen sin.
-Hvert år de siste årene har BSA, lobbyfronten til de store
-programvareselskapene som Microsoft og Apple, publisert en rapport der
-de gjetter på hvor mye piratkopiering påfører i tapte inntekter i
-ulike land rundt om i verden.  Resultatene er alltid tendensiøse.
-Den siste rapporten er tilgjengelig fra
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://portal.bsa.org/globalpiracy2010/downloads/opinionsurvey/survey_global.pdf&quot;&gt;deres
-nettsted&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Den har fått endel dekning av journalister som åpenbart ikke har
-tenkt på å stille kritiske spørsmål om resultatene.  Se f.eks.
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.digi.no/877642/halvparten-bruker-pirat-program&quot;&gt;digi.no&lt;/a&gt;,
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.hardware.no/artikler/halvparten_av_alle_pc-brukere_er_pirater/101791&quot;&gt;hardware.no&lt;/a&gt;
-og
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.aftenposten.no/forbruker/digital/article4220787.ece&quot;&gt;aftenposten.no&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;BSA-undersøkelsene er søppel som inneholder oppblåste tall, og
-har gjentatte ganger blitt tatt for dette.  Her er noen interessante
-referanser med bakgrunnsinformasjon.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;&lt;ul&gt;
-
-&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.idg.no/selskaper/article190966.ece&quot;&gt;Fnyser av
-  nye pirattall fra BSA&lt;/a&gt; Computerworld Norge 2011.&lt;/li&gt;
-
-&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.idg.se/2.1085/1.229795/bsa-hoftade-sverigesiffror&quot;&gt;BSA
-höftade Sverigesiffror&lt;/a&gt; Computerworld Sverige 2009.&lt;/li&gt;
-
-&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.v3.co.uk/v3-uk/opinion/1972843/bsa-piracy-figures-shot-reality&quot;&gt;BSA
-  piracy figures need a shot of reality&lt;/a&gt; v3.co.uk 2009&lt;/li&gt;
-
-&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.michaelgeist.ca/content/view/3958/125/&quot;&gt;Does The WIPO Copyright Treaty Work? The Business Software Association Piracy Data&lt;/a&gt; Michael Geist blogg 2009&lt;/li&gt;
-
-&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://torrentfreak.com/australian-govt-draft-says-piracy-stats-made-up/&quot;&gt;Australian
-  govt draft says piracy stats are made up&lt;/a&gt; Torrentfreak 2006.&lt;/li&gt;
-
-&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.boingboing.net/2006/05/19/is_one_months_piracy.html&quot;&gt;Is
-  one month&#39;s piracy worth more than France&#39;s GDP?&lt;/a&gt; Boing Boing
-  2006.&lt;/li&gt;
-
-&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.idg.no/bransje/bransjenyheter/article6603.ece&quot;&gt;Sviende
-  kritikk mot pirat-tall&lt;/a&gt; Computerworld Norge 2005.&lt;/li&gt;
-
-&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Personlig skulle jeg ønske BSA var enda mer ivrig og mer hardhendt
-i å håndheve de ikke-frie programvarelisensene (og de er ganske ivrige
-allerede), slik at brukerne av disse forsto vilkårene bedre.  Jeg tror
-nemlig ingen som forstår vilkårene vil akseptere dem og at det vil
-føre til at flere tar i bruk fri programvare.&lt;/p&gt;
+               <title>Holder de ord og NUUG lanserer testtjeneste med stortingsinformasjon</title>
+               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Holder_de_ord_og_NUUG_lanserer_testtjeneste_med_stortingsinformasjon.html</link>
+               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Holder_de_ord_og_NUUG_lanserer_testtjeneste_med_stortingsinformasjon.html</guid>
+                <pubDate>Sun, 22 Apr 2012 15:45:00 +0200</pubDate>
+               <description>&lt;p&gt;I
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hva_har_mine_representanter_stemt_i_Storinget_.html&quot;&gt;januar
+i fjor&lt;/a&gt; startet vi i NUUG arbeid med å gjøre informasjon om hvem
+som har stemt hva på &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.stortinget.no/&quot;&gt;Stortinget&lt;/a&gt;
+enklere tilgjengelig.  I løpet av få måneder fant vi sammen med
+organisasjonen &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.holderdeord.no/&quot;&gt;Holder de ord&lt;/a&gt;
+som arbeidet mot et lignende mål.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Siden den gang har vi fått tak i maskinelt lesbart informasjon om
+hvem som stemte hva mellom 1990 og våren 2010, og tilgang til
+stortingets nye datatjeneste som har informasjon fra høsten 2011 til i
+dag.  Det gjenstår litt arbeid med det første datasettet, men
+datasettet fra høsten 2011 er klart til bruk.  Begge datasettene er
+tilgjengelig &lt;a href=&quot;https://gitorious.org/nuug/folketingparser&quot;&gt;via
+git&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;På
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.goopen.no/holder-de-ord-datadrevet-oppfolging-av-politiske-lofter/&quot;&gt;Go Open&lt;/a&gt; i morgen lanserer
+NUUG sammen med Holder de ord &lt;a href=&quot;http://beta.holderdeord.no/&quot;&gt;en
+test-tjeneste&lt;/a&gt; som viser hva som er og blir behandlet på Stortinget og
+hvem som har stemt hva siden oktober i fjor.  Du får herved mulighet
+til å ta en sniktitt.&lt;/p&gt;

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-               <title>Flytting er et tidssluk</title>
-               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Flytting_er_et_tidssluk.html</link>
-               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Flytting_er_et_tidssluk.html</guid>
-                <pubDate>Tue, 23 Aug 2011 10:30:00 +0200</pubDate>
-               <description>&lt;p&gt;I sommer kom plutselig en veldig fint hus til salgs i Nydalen, så
-vi ble brått eier av et hus og skal
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.finn.no/finn/realestate/homes/object?finnkode=30237179&quot;&gt;selge
-vår leilighet i Nydalen Allé&lt;/a&gt; (visning 2011-08-28), pakke for
-flytting, fotografering og visning, og generelt omstrukturere alt vi
-holder på med i noen måneder.  Det har pågått siden i sommer, og er
-for øyeblikket forklaringen om hvorfor jeg er så lite aktiv med
-blogging, fri programvareutvikling, NUUG-foreningsarbeide og annet.
-Jeg håper det blir bedre etter flytting i oktober.&lt;/p&gt;
+               <title>RAND terms - non-reasonable and discriminatory</title>
+               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/RAND_terms___non_reasonable_and_discriminatory.html</link>
+               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/RAND_terms___non_reasonable_and_discriminatory.html</guid>
+                <pubDate>Thu, 19 Apr 2012 22:20:00 +0200</pubDate>
+               <description>&lt;p&gt;Here in Norway, the
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.regjeringen.no/nb/dep/fad.html?id=339&quot;&gt; Ministry of
+Government Administration, Reform and Church Affairs&lt;/a&gt; is behind
+a &lt;a href=&quot;http://standard.difi.no/forvaltningsstandarder&quot;&gt;directory of
+standards&lt;/a&gt; that are recommended or mandatory for use by the
+government.  When the directory was created, the people behind it made
+an effort to ensure that everyone would be able to implement the
+standards and compete on equal terms to supply software and solutions
+to the government.  Free software and non-free software could compete
+on the same level.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;But recently, some standards with RAND
+(&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reasonable_and_non-discriminatory_licensing&quot;&gt;Reasonable
+And Non-Discriminatory&lt;/a&gt;) terms have made their way into the
+directory.  And while this might not sound too bad, the fact is that
+standard specifications with RAND terms often block free software from
+implementing them.  The reasonable part of RAND mean that the cost per
+user/unit is low,and the non-discriminatory part mean that everyone
+willing to pay will get a license.  Both sound great in theory.  In
+practice, to get such license one need to be able to count users, and
+be able to pay a small amount of money per unit or user.  By
+definition, users of free software do not need to register their use.
+So counting users or units is not possible for free software projects.
+And given that people will use the software without handing any money
+to the author, it is not really economically possible for a free
+software author to pay a small amount of money to license the rights
+to implement a standard when the income available is zero.  The result
+in these situations is that free software are locked out from
+implementing standards with RAND terms.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Because of this, when I see someone claiming the terms of a
+standard is reasonable and non-discriminatory, all I can think of is
+how this really is non-reasonable and discriminatory.  Because free
+software developers are working in a global market, it does not really
+help to know that software patents are not supposed to be enforceable
+in Norway.  The patent regimes in other countries affect us even here.
+I really hope the people behind the standard directory will pay more
+attention to these issues in the future.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;You can find more on the issues with RAND, FRAND and RAND-Z terms
+from Simon Phipps
+(&lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.computerworlduk.com/simon-says/2010/11/rand-not-so-reasonable/&quot;&gt;RAND:
+Not So Reasonable?&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Update 2012-04-21: Just came across a
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.computerworlduk.com/open-enterprise/2012/04/of-microsoft-netscape-patents-and-open-standards/index.htm&quot;&gt;blog
+post from Glyn Moody&lt;/a&gt; over at Computer World UK warning about the
+same issue, and urging people to speak out to the UK government.  I
+can only urge Norwegian users to do the same for
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.standard.difi.no/hoyring/hoyring-om-nye-anbefalte-it-standarder&quot;&gt;the
+hearing taking place at the moment&lt;/a&gt; (respond before 2012-04-27).
+It proposes to require video conferencing standards including
+specifications with RAND terms.&lt;/p&gt;

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-               <title>Elektronisk stemmegiving over Internet og datalagringsdirektivet</title>
-               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Elektronisk_stemmegiving_over_Internet_og_datalagringsdirektivet.html</link>
-               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Elektronisk_stemmegiving_over_Internet_og_datalagringsdirektivet.html</guid>
-                <pubDate>Sun, 7 Aug 2011 10:00:00 +0200</pubDate>
-               <description>&lt;p&gt;I dag slo det meg hvordan Datalagringsdirektivet vil kunne gjøre
-det enklere å vite hvem som har stemt hva med elektronisk stemmegiving
-slik den planlegges gjennomført i Norge i høst.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Litt bakgrunnsinformasjon er kanskje nødvendig.  Siden før 2006 har
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.regjeringen.no/nb/dep/krd/prosjekter/E-valg-2011-prosjektet.html&quot;&gt;staten
-jobbet med å få på plass elektronisk stemmegiving&lt;/a&gt; i Norge, der
-borgerne kan stemme via en datamaskin i et stemmelokale eller via en
-nettleser over Internet.  Slike valg
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/dokumenter/valg-horing-2006-09.pdf&quot;&gt;er
-mindre demokratiske&lt;/a&gt; enn de valgene vi har hatt i Norge de siste
-årene.  En kan anta at for hver stemme som blir registrert i et slikt
-system vil det notert tidspunktet stemmen ble registrert.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;I mars i år vedtok stortinget å innføre
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://bsdly.blogspot.com/2010/12/ikke-styrket-personvern-men-brev-og.html&quot;&gt;elektronisk
-brev- og besøkskontroll av hele Norges befolkning&lt;/a&gt;, da en vedtok at
-EUs datalagringsdirektiv skulle innlemmes i det norske lovverket.
-Denne kommunikasjonskontrollen innebærer blant annet at oppkoblinger
-med nettleser blir registert.  Det som ble vedtatt i mars innebærer
-ikke at det blir registrert hvilken nettside en besøkte, men det vil
-bli registrert en forbindelse mellom datamaskinene som er involvert.
-Dvs. når en besøker http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20110809-forgerock/
-fra sin maskin med adressen cm-84.208.83.178.getinternet.no (tilfeldig
-valgt adresse for Get-kunde), så vil tidspunktet, og adressene
-www.nuug.no og cm-84.208.83.178.getinternet.no bli registrert.  En kan
-bruke adressen cm-*.getinternet.no til å identifisere
-kunde/husstand.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Gitt at elektronisk stemmegiving via nettleser over Internet vil
-koble seg opp til datamaskinen som samler inn stemmer, så vil en altså
-ha et register over hver enkelt stemme knyttet mot tidspunkt, og et
-annet register som viser når kunder/husstander koblet seg opp mot
-datamaskinen som samler inn stemmer.  Ved å koble disse registrene ved
-hjelp av tidspunktet registrert i begge vil det ofte være mulig å
-finne ut hva kunder/husstander har stemt, uten å måtte knekke
-kryptering involvert i selve stemmesankingsystemet.  Det vil være
-mindre treffsikkert hvis flere stemmer blir registrert på samme
-tidspunkt, hvis stemmene er gitt til forskjellige partier, men en vil
-ha en viss ide hvilke partier det må ha vært ved å se hvilke partier
-som fikk stemmer på det aktuelle tidspunktet.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Hvordan kan en vite at dette ikke blir gjort i dag?  Det vil være
-umulig for en borger å kontrollere hva som skjer på datamaskinen som
-samler inn stemmer.  De som står bak den norske elektroniske
-stemmegivingsløsningen har gitt ut kildekode som hevdes å være
-identisk med den som brukes til innsamling av stemmer, men det er ikke
-mulig for innbyggerne i Norge å kontrollere at den kildekoden er brukt
-til å lage programmene som brukes.  Det vil f.eks. være trivielt for
-de som kontrollerer denne datamaskinen å legge inn ekstra kode som
-sender kopi av alle stemmer til en annen database utenfor valgstyrenes
-kontroll.  Det påstås fra USA at det ble gjort med noen av de
-elektroniske stemmegivingsboksene der.  Kanskje det påstås at
-stemmetellings-systemet ikke vil notere tidspunkt for hver enkelt
-stemme, men også dette vil det være umulig for oss innbyggerne å
-egenhendig kontrollere.  Jeg vil ha valgsystemer som hver enkelt
-innbygger kan kontrollere, ikke et der vi må stole på påstander om
-systemet som ikke kan kontrolleres av hver enkelt innbygger.&lt;/p&gt;
+               <title>Forskning: &quot;GPL gir lokal frihet og kontroll gjennom omfordeling av makt fra produsent til bruker&quot;</title>
+               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Forskning___GPL_gir_lokal_frihet_og_kontroll_gjennom_omfordeling_av_makt_fra_produsent_til_bruker_.html</link>
+               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Forskning___GPL_gir_lokal_frihet_og_kontroll_gjennom_omfordeling_av_makt_fra_produsent_til_bruker_.html</guid>
+                <pubDate>Sun, 15 Apr 2012 13:00:00 +0200</pubDate>
+               <description>&lt;p&gt;Da jeg googlet etter noe annet kom jeg tilfeldigvis over
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.duo.uio.no/sok/work.html?WORKID=58309&quot;&gt;en
+hovedfagsoppgave&lt;/a&gt; ved Universitetet i Oslo som diskuterer verdien
+av GPLs fire friheter for brukerne av IT-systemer.  Jeg ble fascinert
+over det som presenteres der.  Her er sammendraget:&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Motivasjonen til å skrive denne oppgaven er en personlig undring
+over hvorfor det primært, og ofte eksklusivt, fokuseres på det
+økonomiske aspektet ved utredninger om fri programvare er et godt valg
+for det offentlige. Fri og produsenteid programvare bygger på
+fundamentalt forskjellige ideologier som kan ha implikasjoner utover
+økonomiske kostnader. Kunnskapskulturen som er med på å definere fri
+programvare er basert på åpenhet, og er en verdi i seg selv.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Oppgavens tema er programvarelisensen GPL og frihet. GPL-lisensiert
+programvare gir visse friheter i forhold til produsenteid
+programvare. Mitt spørsmål er om, og eventuelt i hvilken utstrekning,
+disse frihetene blir benyttet av ulike brukere og hvordan de
+manifesterer seg for disse brukerne. Sentrale spørsmål i oppgaven
+er:&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;ul&gt;
+&lt;li&gt;Hvordan fordeles handlekraft gjennom lisensieringen av programvaren?&lt;/li&gt;
+&lt;li&gt;Hvilke konsekvenser har programvarelisensen for de ulike brukere? &lt;/li&gt;
+&lt;/ul&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Fri programvare gir blant annet brukeren mulighet til å studere og
+modifisere kildekoden. Denne formen for frihet erverves gjennom
+kunnskap og krever at brukeren også er en ekspert. Hva skjer med
+frihetene til GPL når sluttbrukeren er en annen? Dette diskuteres i
+dialog med informantene.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Jeg har i denne oppgaven samlet inn intervjudata fra IKT-ansvarlige
+ved grunnskolene i Nittedal kommune, driftsansvarlig og IKT-veilederen
+for skolene i kommunen, samt IKT-koordinator for utdanning i Akershus
+fylkeskommune og bokmåloversettere av OpenOffice.org. Den empiriske
+delen av oppgaven er delt inn i to seksjoner; den første omhandler
+operativsystemet Skolelinux, den andre kontorprogrampakken
+OpenOffice.org.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Som vi vil se gir GPL lokal frihet og kontroll gjennom omfordeling
+av makt fra produsent til bruker. Brukerens makt analyseres gjennom
+begrepene brukermedvirkning og handlingsfrihet. Det blir også lagt
+vekt på strukturelle forhold rundt bruken av teknologi, og spesielt de
+økonomiske begrepene nettverkseksternaliteter, innlåsing og
+stiavhengighet. Dette er begreper av spesiell nytte når objektet som
+omsettes eller distribueres er et kommunikasjonsprodukt, fordi verdien
+til et slikt gode for en potensiell bruker avhenger av antall
+eksisterende brukere av godet. I tilknytning til denne problematikken
+inneholder oppgaven også en diskusjon rundt åpne standarder og
+formater.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Oppgaven konkluderer med at de «fire frihetene» som GPL-lisensen er
+laget for å beskytte er av avgjørende betydning for bruken av
+OpenOffice.org og Skolelinux, i Akershus fylkeskommune såvel som i
+skolene i Nittedal. Distribusjonen av handlekraft er ikke helt
+symmetrisk. Det er først og fremst de profesjonelle utviklerne i
+Skolelinux som direkte kan nyttiggjøre seg friheten til å endre kode,
+mens en sluttbruker som Nittedal kommune nyttiggjør seg den økonomiske
+friheten til å kunne distribuere programmene. Det er imidlertid også
+slik at ingen aktør klarer seg uten alle disse «frihetene».&lt;/p&gt;
+&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Jeg fant også en masteroppgave fra 2006, men der ligger ikke
+komplett oppgave tilgjengelig.  På tide å holde et øye med
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.duo.uio.no/sok/search.html?q=skolelinux&quot;&gt;Skolelinux-søket&lt;/a&gt;
+til DUO...&lt;/p&gt;
+

 </description>
        </item>
        
        <item>
 </description>
        </item>
        
        <item>

-               <title>Et bilde på problemet med programvarepatenter</title>
-               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Et_bilde_p__problemet_med_programvarepatenter.html</link>
-               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Et_bilde_p__problemet_med_programvarepatenter.html</guid>
-                <pubDate>Sat, 6 Aug 2011 21:45:00 +0200</pubDate>
-               <description>&lt;p&gt;Via
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/08/04/patent-reform-congress_n_906278.html&quot;&gt;en
-artikkel i Huffington Post om patentreform i USA&lt;/a&gt; fikk jeg et
-interessant bilde på problemet med programvarepatenter.  Problemet er
-at staten deler ut usynlige &quot;eiendommer&quot; med uklare eiendomsgrenser,
-som gjør det umulig å vite om en er på annen manns grunn hvis en ikke
-har kjennskap til at &quot;eiendommen&quot; finnes, og selv når en vet om den
-usynlige &quot;eiendommen&quot; er det umulig å vite på hvilken side av grensen
-en befinner seg.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Hvis du er interessert i problemområdet programvarepatenter, så har
-NUUG en
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://lists.nuug.no/mailman/listinfo/patent&quot;&gt;epostliste om
-temaet&lt;/a&gt;.  Alle er hjertelig velkomne som abonnenter.&lt;/p&gt;
+               <title>Debian Edu interview: Andreas Mundt</title>
+               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Andreas_Mundt.html</link>
+               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Andreas_Mundt.html</guid>
+                <pubDate>Sun, 15 Apr 2012 12:10:00 +0200</pubDate>
+               <description>&lt;p&gt;Behind &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.skolelinux.org/&quot;&gt;Debian Edu and
+Skolelinux&lt;/a&gt; there are a lot of people doing the hard work of
+setting together all the pieces.  This time I present to you Andreas
+Mundt, who have been part of the technical development team several
+years.  He was also a key contributor in getting GOsa and Kerberos set
+up in the recently released
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze&quot;&gt;Debian
+Edu Squeeze&lt;/a&gt; version.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Who are you, and how do you spend your days?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;My name is Andreas Mundt, I grew up in south Germany.  After
+studying Physics I spent several years at university doing research in
+Quantum Optics.  After that I worked some years in an optics company.
+Finally I decided to turn over a new leaf in my life and started
+teaching 10 to 19 years old kids at school.  I teach math, physics,
+information technology and science/technology.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
+project?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Already before I switched to teaching, I followed the Debian Edu
+project because of my interest in education and Debian.  Within the
+qualification/training period for the teaching, I started
+contributing.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
+Edu?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;The advantages of Debian Edu are the well known name, the
+out-of-the-box philosophy and of course the great free software of the
+Debian Project!&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
+Edu?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;As every coin has two sides, the out-of-the-box philosophy has its
+downside, too.  In my opinion, it is hard to modify and tweak the
+setup, if you need or want that.  Further more, it is not easily
+possible to upgrade the system to a new release.  It takes much too
+long after a Debian release to prepare the -Edu release, perhaps
+because the number of developers working on the core of the code is
+rather small and often busy elsewhere.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.debian.org/DebianLAN&quot;&gt;Debian LAN&lt;/a&gt;
+project might fill the use case of a more flexible system.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Which free software do you use daily?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;I am only using non-free software if I am forced to and run Debian
+on all my machines.  For documents I prefer LaTeX and PGF/TikZ, then
+mutt and iceweasel for email respectively web browsing.  At school I
+have Arduino and Fritzing in use for a micro controller project.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
+get schools to use free software?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;One of the major problems is the vendor lock-in from top to bottom:
+Especially in combination with ignorant government employees and
+politicians, this works out great for the &quot;market-leader&quot;.  The school
+administration here in Baden-Wuerttemberg is occupied by that vendor.
+Documents have to be prepared in non-free, proprietary formats.  Even
+free browsers do not work for the school administration.  Publishers
+of school books provide software only for proprietary platforms.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;To change this, political work is very important.  Parts of the
+political spectrum have become aware of the problem in the last years.
+However it takes quite some time and courageous politicians to &#39;free&#39;
+the system.  There is currently some discussion about &quot;Open Data&quot; and
+&quot;Free/Open Standards&quot;.  I am not sure if all the involved parties have
+a clue about the potential of these ideas, and probably only a
+fraction takes them seriously.  However it might slowly make free
+software and the philosophy behind it more known and popular.&lt;/p&gt;

 </description>
        </item>
        
        <item>
 </description>
        </item>
        
        <item>

-               <title>How is booting into runlevel 1 different from single user boots?</title>
-               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_is_booting_into_runlevel_1_different_from_single_user_boots_.html</link>
-               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_is_booting_into_runlevel_1_different_from_single_user_boots_.html</guid>
-                <pubDate>Thu, 4 Aug 2011 12:40:00 +0200</pubDate>
-               <description>&lt;p&gt;Wouter Verhelst have some
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://grep.be/blog/en/retorts/pere_kubuntu_boot&quot;&gt;interesting
-comments and opinions&lt;/a&gt; on my blog post on
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/What_should_start_from__etc_rcS_d__in_Debian____almost_nothing.html&quot;&gt;the
-need to clean up /etc/rcS.d/ in Debian&lt;/a&gt; and my blog post about
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/What_is_missing_in_the_Debian_desktop__or_why_my_parents_use_Kubuntu.html&quot;&gt;the
-default KDE desktop in Debian&lt;/a&gt;.  I only have time to address one
-small piece of his comment now, and though it best to address the
-misunderstanding he bring forward:&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
-Currently, a system admin has four options: [...] boot to a
-single-user system (by adding &#39;single&#39; to the kernel command line;
-this runs rcS and rc1 scripts)
-&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;This make me believe Wouter believe booting into single user mode
-and booting into runlevel 1 is the same.  I am not surprised he
-believe this, because it would make sense and is a quite sensible
-thing to believe.  But because the boot in Debian is slightly broken,
-runlevel 1 do not work properly and it isn&#39;t the same as single user
-mode.  I&#39;ll try to explain what is actually happing, but it is a bit
-hard to explain.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Single user mode is defined like this in /etc/inittab:
-&quot;&lt;tt&gt;~~:S:wait:/sbin/sulogin&lt;/tt&gt;&quot;.  This means the only thing that is
-executed in single user mode is sulogin.  Single user mode is a boot
-state &quot;between&quot; the runlevels, and when booting into single user mode,
-only the scripts in /etc/rcS.d/ are executed before the init process
-enters the single user state.  When switching to runlevel 1, the state
-is in fact not ending in runlevel 1, but it passes through runlevel 1
-and end up in the single user mode (see /etc/rc1.d/S03single, which
-runs &quot;init -t1 S&quot; to switch to single user mode at the end of runlevel
-1.  It is confusing that the &#39;S&#39; (single user) init mode is not the
-mode enabled by /etc/rcS.d/ (which is more like the initial boot
-mode).&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;This summary might make it clearer.  When booting for the first
-time into single user mode, the following commands are executed:
-&quot;&lt;tt&gt;/etc/init.d/rc S; /sbin/sulogin&lt;/tt&gt;&quot;.  When booting into
-runlevel 1, the following commands are executed: &quot;&lt;tt&gt;/etc/init.d/rc
-S; /etc/init.d/rc 1; /sbin/sulogin&lt;/tt&gt;&quot;.  A problem show up when
-trying to continue after visiting single user mode.  Not all services
-are started again as they should, causing the machine to end up in an
-unpredicatble state.  This is why Debian admins recommend rebooting
-after visiting single user mode.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;A similar problem with runlevel 1 is caused by the amount of
-scripts executed from /etc/rcS.d/.  When switching from say runlevel 2
-to runlevel 1, the services started from /etc/rcS.d/ are not properly
-stopped when passing through the scripts in /etc/rc1.d/, and not
-started again when switching away from runlevel 1 to the runlevels
-2-5.  I believe the problem is best fixed by moving all the scripts
-out of /etc/rcS.d/ that are not &lt;strong&gt;required&lt;/strong&gt; to get a
-functioning single user mode during boot.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;I have spent several years investigating the Debian boot system,
-and discovered this problem a few years ago.  I suspect it originates
-from when sysvinit was introduced into Debian, a long time ago.&lt;/p&gt;
+               <title>Jeg skal på konferansen Go Open 2012</title>
+               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Jeg_skal_p__konferansen_Go_Open_2012.html</link>
+               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Jeg_skal_p__konferansen_Go_Open_2012.html</guid>
+                <pubDate>Fri, 13 Apr 2012 11:30:00 +0200</pubDate>
+               <description>&lt;p&gt;Jeg har tenkt meg på konferansen &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.goopen.no/&quot;&gt;Go
+Open 2012&lt;/a&gt; i Oslo 23. april.
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/&quot;&gt;Medlemsforeningen NUUG&lt;/a&gt; deler ut
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/prisen/&quot;&gt;prisen for fremme av fri
+programvare i Norge&lt;/a&gt; der i år.  Kommer du?&lt;/p&gt;

 </description>
        </item>
        
        <item>
 </description>
        </item>
        
        <item>

-               <title>Fint at militæret ikke ble aktivisert 22. juli</title>
-               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fint_at_milit_ret_ikke_ble_aktivisert_22__juli.html</link>
-               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fint_at_milit_ret_ikke_ble_aktivisert_22__juli.html</guid>
-                <pubDate>Tue, 2 Aug 2011 09:35:00 +0200</pubDate>
-               <description>&lt;p&gt;I &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dagsavisen.no/innenriks/article518719.ece&quot;&gt;gårdagens
-dagsavis&lt;/a&gt; gjøres det et poeng av at Forsvarets spesialkommando ikke
-ble tatt i bruk da en rykket ut under aksjonene 22. juli.  Personlig
-må jeg innrømme at jeg et glad for at militæret ikke ble tatt i bruk,
-og ser ikke det som et problem slik journalisten legger opp til.
-Politi er trent opp til å forholde seg til sivile regler, mens
-militæret er trent opp til å forholde seg til militære regler.  For å
-si det litt flåsete, så skal politiet spørre først og skyte etterpå,
-mens militæret skal skyte først og spørre etterpå.  Jeg vil helst kun
-ha den første gjengen i aktiv operasjon blant sivile i Norge.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Ikke at jeg egentlig tror våre folk i militæret er mer skyteglade
-enn folk i politiet, men de er trent forskjellig og med forskjellig
-mål for treningen.  Politiet er trent på å operere blant sin egen
-sivilbefolkning, mens militære er trent på å operere blant fiendtlige
-tropper.  Jeg tror det er en vesentlig forskjell.&lt;/p&gt;
+               <title>Debian Edu interview: Justin B. Rye</title>
+               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Justin_B__Rye.html</link>
+               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Justin_B__Rye.html</guid>
+                <pubDate>Sun, 8 Apr 2012 10:50:00 +0200</pubDate>
+               <description>&lt;p&gt;It take all kind of contributions to create a Linux distribution
+like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.skolelinux.org/&quot;&gt;Debian Edu / Skolelinux&lt;/a&gt;,
+and this time I lend the ear to Justin B. Rye, who is listed as a big
+contributor to the
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze&quot;&gt;Debian
+Edu Squeeze release manual&lt;/a&gt;.
+
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Who are you, and how do you spend your days?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;I&#39;m a 44-year-old linguistics graduate living in Edinburgh who has
+occasionally been employed as a sysadmin.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
+project?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;I&#39;m neither a developer nor a Skolelinux/Debian Edu user!  The only
+reason my name&#39;s in the credits for the documentation is that I hang
+around on debian-l10n-english waiting for people to mention things
+they&#39;d like a native English speaker to proofread...  So I did a sweep
+through the wiki for typos and Norglish and inconsistent spellings of
+&quot;localisation&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
+Edu?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
+Edu?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;These questions are too hard for me - I don&#39;t use it!  In fact I
+had hardly any contact with I.T. until long after I&#39;d got out of the
+education system.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;I can tell you the advantages of Debian for me though: it soaks up
+as much of my free time as I want and no more, and lets me do
+everything I want a computer for without ever forcing me to spend
+money on the latest hardware.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Which free software do you use daily?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;I&#39;ve been using Debian since Rex; popularity-contest says the
+software that I use most is xinit, xterm, and xulrunner (in other
+words, I use a distinctly retro sort of desktop).&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
+get schools to use free software?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Well, I don&#39;t know.  I suppose I&#39;d be inclined to try reasoning
+with the people who make the decisions, but obviously if that worked
+you would hardly need a strategy.&lt;/p&gt;

 </description>
        </item>
        
        <item>
 </description>
        </item>
        
        <item>

-               <title>Fin minnemarkering på Stortinget i dag</title>
-               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fin_minnemarkering_p__Stortinget_i_dag.html</link>
-               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fin_minnemarkering_p__Stortinget_i_dag.html</guid>
-                <pubDate>Mon, 1 Aug 2011 16:40:00 +0200</pubDate>
-               <description>&lt;p&gt;Jeg hadde anledning, så jeg deltok på
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.stortinget.no/no/Hva-skjer-pa-Stortinget/Nyhetsarkiv/Forsidenyheter/2010-2011/Minnemote-mandag-1-august-kl-12/&quot;&gt;minnemarkeringen
-på Stortinget&lt;/a&gt; i dag.  Det var en fin markering, og jeg likte talene.
-For meg er demokrati, åpenhet og humanitet fundert på frihet, som jeg
-håper vi alle vil bidra til å beskytte i tiden som kommer.  Jeg
-registrerer at det i Danmark
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/iriks/article4189002.ece&quot;&gt;diskuteres
-å redusere friheten&lt;/a&gt;.  Vi bør vite bedre her i Norge.  Stoltenberg
-berørte retten til å feile, og den er nært knyttet til muligheten til
-å lykkes.  Begge deler krever at en har friheten til å prøve, og den
-er viktig i et samfunn.  Friheten til å prøve begrenses når kontroll
-innføres.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Det at noen av stolene i stortingssalen var tomme ga en litt
-uventet ramme til markeringen.  Jeg hadde regnet med at
-stortingsrepresentanter, regjeringsmedlemmer og kongehus til sammen
-ville fylle alle setene.  Vet ikke hvem som skulle sittet der det var
-ledige plasser, men antar noen var opptatt andre steder.  Kanskje i
-begravelser, eller rett og slett var blitt drept (har ikke hørt at
-noen i Stortinget ble drept, men kan ha gått glipp av noe).  Det at
-noen manglet synes jeg illustrerte minnestundens poeng godt.  Vi
-mangler noen som skulle ha vært blant oss.  Det kan aldri gjøres om,
-og bør aldri glemmes.&lt;/p&gt;
+               <title>Why the KDE menu is slow when /usr/ is NFS mounted - and a workaround</title>
+               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_the_KDE_menu_is_slow_when__usr__is_NFS_mounted___and_a_workaround.html</link>
+               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_the_KDE_menu_is_slow_when__usr__is_NFS_mounted___and_a_workaround.html</guid>
+                <pubDate>Fri, 6 Apr 2012 22:40:00 +0200</pubDate>
+               <description>&lt;p&gt;Recently I have spent time with
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.slxdrift.no/&quot;&gt;Skolelinux Drift AS&lt;/a&gt; on speeding
+up a &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.skolelinux.org/&quot;&gt;Debian Edu / Skolelinux&lt;/a&gt;
+Lenny installation using LTSP diskless workstations, and in the
+process I discovered something very surprising.  The reason the KDE
+menu was responding slow when using it for the first time, was mostly
+due to the way KDE find application icons.  I discovered that showing
+the Multimedia menu would cause more than 20 000 IP packages to be
+passed between the LTSP client and the NFS server.  Most of these were
+
+NFS LOOKUP calls, resulting in a NFS3ERR_NOENT response.  Because the
+ping times between the client and the server were in the range 2-20
+ms, the menus would be very slow.  Looking at the strace of kicker in
+Lenny (or plasma-desktop i Squeeze - same problem there), I see that
+the source of these NFS calls are access(2) system calls for
+non-existing files.  KDE can do hundreds of access(2) calls to find
+one icon file.  In my example, just finding the mplayer icon required
+around 230 access(2) calls.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;The KDE code seem to search for icons using a list of icon
+directories, and the list of possible directories is large.  In
+(almost) each directory, it look for files ending in .png, .svgz, .svg
+and .xpm.  The result is a very slow KDE menu when /usr/ is NFS
+mounted.  Showing a single sub menu may result in thousands of NFS
+requests.  I am not the first one to discover this.  I found a
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://bugs.kde.org/show_bug.cgi?id=211416&quot;&gt;KDE bug report
+from 2009&lt;/a&gt; about this problem, and it is still unsolved.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;My solution to speed up the KDE menu was to create a package
+kde-icon-cache that upon installation will look at all .desktop files
+used to generate the KDE menu, find their icons, search the icon paths
+for the file that KDE will end up finding at run time, and copying the
+icon file to /var/lib/kde-icon-cache/.  Finally, I add symlinks to
+these icon files in one of the first directories where KDE will look
+for them.  This cut down the number of file accesses required to find
+one icon from several hundred to less than 5, and make the KDE menu
+almost instantaneous.  I&#39;m not quite sure where to make the package
+publicly available, so for now it is only available on request.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;The bug report mention that this do not only affect the KDE menu
+and icon handling, but also the login process.  Not quite sure how to
+speed up that part without replacing NFS with for example NBD, and
+that is not really an option at the moment.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;If you got feedback on this issue, please let us know on debian-edu
+(at) lists.debian.org.&lt;/p&gt;

 </description>
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        <item>
 </description>
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        <item>

-               <title>What should start from /etc/rcS.d/ in Debian? - almost nothing</title>
-               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/What_should_start_from__etc_rcS_d__in_Debian____almost_nothing.html</link>
-               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/What_should_start_from__etc_rcS_d__in_Debian____almost_nothing.html</guid>
-                <pubDate>Sat, 30 Jul 2011 14:00:00 +0200</pubDate>
-               <description>&lt;p&gt;In the Debian boot system, several packages include scripts that
-are started from /etc/rcS.d/.  In fact, there is a bite more of them
-than make sense, and this causes a few problems.  What kind of
-problems, you might ask.  There are at least two problems.  The first
-is that it is not possible to recover a machine after switching to
-runlevel 1.  One need to actually reboot to get the machine back to
-the expected state.  The other is that single user boot will sometimes
-run into problems because some of the subsystems are activated before
-the root login is presented, causing problems when trying to recover a
-machine from a problem in that subsystem.  A minor additional point is
-that moving more scripts out of rcS.d/ and into the other rc#.d/
-directories will increase the amount of scripts that can run in
-parallel during boot, and thus decrease the boot time.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;So, which scripts should start from rcS.d/.  In short, only the
-scripts that _have_ to execute before the root login prompt is
-presented during a single user boot should go there.  Everything else
-should go into the numeric runlevels.  This means things like
-lm-sensors, fuse and x11-common should not run from rcS.d, but from
-the numeric runlevels.  Today in Debian, there are around 115 init.d
-scripts that are started from rcS.d/, and most of them should be moved
-out.  Do your package have one of them?  Please help us make single
-user and runlevel 1 better by moving it.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Scripts setting up the screen, keyboard, system partitions
-etc. should still be started from rcS.d/, but there is for example no
-need to have the network enabled before the single user login prompt
-is presented.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;As always, things are not so easy to fix as they sound.  To keep
-Debian systems working while scripts migrate and during upgrades, the
-scripts need to be moved from rcS.d/ to rc2.d/ in reverse dependency
-order, ie the scripts that nothing in rcS.d/ depend on can be moved,
-and the next ones can only be moved when their dependencies have been
-moved first.  This migration must be done sequentially while we ensure
-that the package system upgrade packages in the right order to keep
-the system state correct.  This will require some coordination when it
-comes to network related packages, but most of the packages with
-scripts that should migrate do not have anything in rcS.d/ depending
-on them.  Some packages have already been updated, like the sudo
-package, while others are still left to do.  I wish I had time to work
-on this myself, but real live constrains make it unlikely that I will
-find time to push this forward.&lt;/p&gt;
+               <title>Debian Edu in the Linux Weekly News</title>
+               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_in_the_Linux_Weekly_News.html</link>
+               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_in_the_Linux_Weekly_News.html</guid>
+                <pubDate>Thu, 5 Apr 2012 08:00:00 +0200</pubDate>
+               <description>&lt;p&gt;About two weeks ago, I was interviewed via email about
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.skolelinux.org/&quot;&gt;Debian Edu and Skolelinux&lt;/a&gt; by
+Bruce Byfield in Linux Weekly News.  The result was made public for
+non-subscribers today.  I am pleased to see liked our Linux solution
+for schools.  Check out his article
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://lwn.net/Articles/488805/&quot;&gt;Debian Edu/Skolelinux: A
+distribution for education&lt;/a&gt; if you want to learn more.&lt;/p&gt;

 </description>
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        <item>
 </description>
        </item>
        
        <item>

-               <title>What is missing in the Debian desktop, or why my parents use Kubuntu</title>
-               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/What_is_missing_in_the_Debian_desktop__or_why_my_parents_use_Kubuntu.html</link>
-               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/What_is_missing_in_the_Debian_desktop__or_why_my_parents_use_Kubuntu.html</guid>
-                <pubDate>Fri, 29 Jul 2011 08:10:00 +0200</pubDate>
-               <description>&lt;p&gt;While at Debconf11, I have several times during discussions
-mentioned the issues I believe should be improved in Debian for its
-desktop to be useful for more people.  The use case for this is my
-parents, which are currently running Kubuntu which solve the
-issues.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;I suspect these four missing features are not very hard to
-implement.  After all, they are present in Ubuntu, so if we wanted to
-do this in Debian we would have a source.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;ol&gt;
-
-&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Simple GUI based upgrade of packages.&lt;/strong&gt; When there
-are new packages available for upgrades, a icon in the KDE status bar
-indicate this, and clicking on it will activate the simple upgrade
-tool to handle it.  I have no problem guiding both of my parents
-through the process over the phone.  If a kernel reboot is required,
-this too is indicated by the status bars and the upgrade tool.  Last
-time I checked, nothing with the same features was working in KDE in
-Debian.&lt;/li&gt;
-
-&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Simple handling of missing Firefox browser
-plugins.&lt;/strong&gt; When the browser encounter a MIME type it do not
-currently have a handler for, it will ask the user if the system
-should search for a package that would add support for this MIME type,
-and if the user say yes, the APT sources will be searched for packages
-advertising the MIME type in their control file (visible in the
-Packages file in the APT archive).  If one or more packages are found,
-it is a simple click of the mouse to add support for the missing mime
-type.  If the package require the user to accept some non-free
-license, this is explained to the user.  The entire process make it
-more clear to the user why something do not work in the browser, and
-make the chances higher for the user to blame the web page authors and
-not the browser for any missing features.&lt;/li&gt;
-
-&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Simple handling of missing multimedia codec/format
-handlers.&lt;/strong&gt; When the media players encounter a format or codec
-it is not supporting, a dialog pop up asking the user if the system
-should search for a package that would add support for it.  This
-happen with things like MP3, Windows Media or H.264.  The selection
-and installation procedure is very similar to the Firefox browser
-plugin handling.  This is as far as I know implemented using a
-gstreamer hook.  The end result is that the user easily get access to
-the codecs that are present from the APT archives available, while
-explaining more on why a given format is unsupported by Ubuntu.&lt;/li&gt;
-
-&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Better browser handling of some MIME types.&lt;/strong&gt; When
-displaying a text/plain file in my Debian browser, it will propose to
-start emacs to show it.  If I remember correctly, when doing the same
-in Kunbutu it show the file as a text file in the browser.  At least I
-know Opera will show text files within the browser.  I much prefer the
-latter behaviour.&lt;/li&gt;
-
-&lt;/ol&gt; 
-
-&lt;p&gt;There are other nice features as well, like the simplified suite
-upgrader, but given that I am the one mostly doing the dist-upgrade,
-it do not matter much.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;I really hope we could get these features in place for the next
-Debian release.  It would require the coordinated effort of several
-maintainers, but would make the end user experience a lot better.&lt;/p&gt;
+               <title>Debian Edu interview: Wolfgang Schweer</title>
+               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Wolfgang_Schweer.html</link>
+               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Wolfgang_Schweer.html</guid>
+                <pubDate>Sun, 1 Apr 2012 23:00:00 +0200</pubDate>
+               <description>&lt;p&gt;Germany is a core area for the
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.skolelinux.org/&quot;&gt;Debian Edu and Skolelinux&lt;/a&gt;
+user community, and this time I managed to get hold of Wolfgang
+Schweer, a valuable contributor to the project from Germany.
+
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Who are you, and how do you spend your days?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;I&#39;ve studied Mathematics at the university &#39;Ruhr-Universität&#39; in
+Bochum, Germany. Since 1981 I&#39;m working as a teacher at the school
+&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.westfalenkolleg-dortmund.de/&quot;&gt;Westfalen-Kolleg
+Dortmund&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, a second chance school.  Here, young adults is given
+the opportunity to get further education in order to do the school
+examination &#39;Abitur&#39;, which will allow to study at a university. This
+second chance is of value for those who want a better job perspective
+or failed to get a higher school examination being teens.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Besides teaching I was involved in developing online courses for a
+blended learning project called &#39;abitur-online.nrw&#39; and in some other
+information technology related projects. For about ten years I&#39;ve been
+teacher and coordinator for the &#39;abitur-online&#39; project at my
+school. Being now in my early sixties, I&#39;ve decided to leave school at
+the end of April this year.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
+project?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;The first information about Skolelinux must have come to my
+attention years ago and somehow related to LTSP (Linux Terminal Server
+Project).  At school, we had set up a network at the beginning of 1997
+using Suse Linux on the desktop, replacing a Novell network. Since
+2002, we used old machines from the city council of Dortmund as thin
+clients (LTSP, later Ubuntu/Lessdisks) cause new hardware was out of
+reach. At home I&#39;m using Debian since years and - subscribed to the
+Debian news letter - heard from time to time about Skolelinux. About
+two years ago I proposed to replace the (somehow undocumented and only
+known to me) system at school by a well known Debian based system:
+Skolelinux.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Students and teachers appreciated the new system because of a
+better look and feel and an enhanced access to local media on thin
+clients.  The possibility to alter and/or reset passwords using a GUI
+was welcomed, too. Being able to do administrative tasks using a GUI
+and to easily set up workstations using PXE was of very high value for
+the admin teachers.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
+Edu?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;It&#39;s open source, easy to set up, stable and flexible due to it&#39;s
+Debian base. It integrates LTSP out-of-the-box. And it is documented!
+So it was a perfect choice.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Being open source, there are no license problems and so it&#39;s
+possible to point teachers and students to programs like
+OpenOffice.org, ViewYourMind (mind mapping) and The Gimp.  It&#39;s of
+high value to be able to adapt parts of the system to special needs of
+a school and to choose where to get support for this.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
+Edu?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Nothing yet.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Which free software do you use daily?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;At home (Debian Sid with Gnome Desktop): Iceweasel, LibreOffice,
+Mutt, Gedit, Document Viewer, Midnight Commander, flpsed (PDF
+Annotator).  At school (Skolelinux Lenny): Iceweasel, Gedit,
+LibreOffice.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
+get schools to use free software?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Some time ago I thought it was enough to tell people about it. But
+that doesn&#39;t seem to work quite well. Now I concentrate on those more
+interested and hope to get multiplicators that way.&lt;/p&gt;

 </description>
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 </description>
        </item>