<atom:link href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/index.rss" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
<item>
- <title>First Jessie based Debian Edu released (alpha0)</title>
- <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Jessie_based_Debian_Edu_released__alpha0_.html</link>
- <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Jessie_based_Debian_Edu_released__alpha0_.html</guid>
- <pubDate>Mon, 27 Oct 2014 20:40:00 +0100</pubDate>
- <description><p>I am happy to report that I just sent out
-<a href="https://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2014/10/msg00000.html">this
-announcement</a>:</p>
-
-<pre>
-The Debian Edu Team is pleased to announce the release of Debian Edu
-Jessie 8.0+edu0~alpha0
-
-Debian Edu is a complete operating system for schools. Through its
-various installation profiles you can install servers, workstations
-and laptops which will work together on the school network. With
-Debian Edu, the teachers themselves or their technical support can
-roll out a complete multi-user multi-machine study environment within
-hours or a few days. Debian Edu comes with hundreds of applications
-pre-installed, but you can always add more packages from Debian.
-
-For those who want to give Debian Edu Jessie a try, download and
-installation instructions are available, including detailed
-instructions in the manual[1] explaining the first steps, such as
-setting up a network or adding users. Please note that the password
-for the user your prompted for during installation must have a length
-of at least 5 characters!
-
- [1] &lt;URL: <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie">https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie</a> &gt;
-
-Would you like to give your school's computer a longer life? Are you
-tired of sneaker administration, running from computer to computer
-reinstalling the operating system? Would you like to administrate all
-the computers in your school using only a couple of hours every week?
-Check out Debian Edu Jessie!
-
-Skolelinux is used by at least two hundred schools all over the world,
-mostly in Germany and Norway.
-
-About Debian Edu and Skolelinux
-===============================
-
-Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux[2], is a Linux distribution based
-on Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
-configured school network. Immediately after installation a school
-server running all services needed for a school network is set up just
-waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
-Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
-initial installation of the main server from CD or USB stick all other
-machines can be installed via the network. The provided school server
-provides LDAP database and Kerberos authentication service,
-centralized home directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other
-services. The desktop contains more than 60 educational software
-packages[3] and more are available from the Debian archive, and
-schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE, Xfce and MATE desktop
-environment.
-
- [2] &lt;URL: <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">http://www.skolelinux.org/</a> &gt;
- [3] &lt;URL: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html</a> &gt;
-
-Full release notes and manual
-=============================
-
-Below the download URLs there is a list of some of the new features
-and bugfixes of Debian Edu 8.0+edu0~alpha0 Codename Jessie. The full
-list is part of the manual. (See the feature list in the manual[4] for
-the English version.) For some languages manual translations are
-available, see the manual translation overview[5].
-
- [4] &lt;URL: <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie/Features">https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie/Features</a> &gt;
- [5] &lt;URL: <a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/">http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/</a> &gt;
-
-Where to get it
----------------
-
-To download the multiarch netinstall CD release (624 MiB) you can use
-
- * <a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso</a>
- * <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso</a>
- * rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso .
-
-The SHA1SUM of this image is: 361188818e036ce67280a572f757de82ebfeb095
-
-New features for Debian Edu 8.0+edu0~alpha0 Codename Jessie released 2014-10-27
-===============================================================================
-
-
-Installation changes
---------------------
-
- * PXE installation now installs firmware automatically for the hardware present.
-
-Software updates
-----------------
-
-Everything which is new in Debian Jessie 8.0, eg:
-
- * Linux kernel 3.16.x
- * Desktop environments KDE "Plasma" 4.11.12, GNOME 3.14, Xfce 4.10,
- LXDE 0.5.6 and MATE 1.8 (KDE "Plasma" is installed by default; to
- choose one of the others see manual.)
- * the browsers Iceweasel 31 ESR and Chromium 38
- * !LibreOffice 4.3.3
- * GOsa 2.7.4
- * LTSP 5.5.4
- * CUPS print system 1.7.5
- * new boot framework: systemd
- * Educational toolbox GCompris 14.07
- * Music creator Rosegarden 14.02
- * Image editor Gimp 2.8.14
- * Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.13.0
- * golearn 0.9
- * tuxpaint 0.9.22
- * New version of debian-installer from Debian Jessie.
- * Debian Jessie includes about 42000 packages available for
- installation.
- * More information about Debian Jessie 8.0 is provided in the release
- notes[6] and the installation manual[7].
-
- [6] &lt;URL: <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/releasenotes">http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/releasenotes</a> &gt;
- [7] &lt;URL: <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/installmanual">http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/installmanual</a> &gt;
-
-Fixed bugs
-----------
-
- * Inserting incorrect DNS information in Gosa will no longer break
- DNS completely, but instead stop DNS updates until the incorrect
- information is corrected (Debian bug #710362)
- * and many others.
-
-Documentation and translation updates
--------------------------------------
-
- * The Debian Edu Jessie Manual is fully translated to German, French,
- Italian, Danish and Dutch. Partly translated versions exist for
- Norwegian Bokmal and Spanish.
-
-Other changes
--------------
-
- * Due to new Squid settings, powering off or rebooting the main
- server takes more time.
- * To manage printers localhost:631 has to be used, currently www:631
- doesn't work.
-
-Regressions / known problems
-----------------------------
-
- * Installing LTSP chroot fails with a bug related to eatmydata about
- exim4-config failing to run its postinst (see Debian bug #765694
- and Debian bug #762103).
- * Munin collection is not properly configured on clients (Debian bug
- #764594). The fix is available in a newer version of munin-node.
- * PXE setup for Main Server and Thin Client Server setup does not
- work when installing on a machine without direct Internet access.
- Will be fixed when Debian bug #766960 is fixed in Jessie.
+ <title>Idea for storing trusted timestamps in a Noark 5 archive</title>
+ <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_storing_trusted_timestamps_in_a_Noark_5_archive.html</link>
+ <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_storing_trusted_timestamps_in_a_Noark_5_archive.html</guid>
+ <pubDate>Wed, 7 Jun 2017 21:40:00 +0200</pubDate>
+ <description><p><em>This is a copy of
+<a href="https://lists.nuug.no/pipermail/nikita-noark/2017-June/000297.html">an
+email I posted to the nikita-noark mailing list</a>. Please follow up
+there if you would like to discuss this topic. The background is that
+we are making a free software archive system based on the Norwegian
+<a href="https://www.arkivverket.no/forvaltning-og-utvikling/regelverk-og-standarder/noark-standarden">Noark
+5 standard</a> for government archives.</em></p>
+
+<p>I've been wondering a bit lately how trusted timestamps could be
+stored in Noark 5.
+<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trusted_timestamping">Trusted
+timestamps</a> can be used to verify that some information
+(document/file/checksum/metadata) have not been changed since a
+specific time in the past. This is useful to verify the integrity of
+the documents in the archive.</p>
+
+<p>Then it occured to me, perhaps the trusted timestamps could be
+stored as dokument variants (ie dokumentobjekt referered to from
+dokumentbeskrivelse) with the filename set to the hash it is
+stamping?</p>
+
+<p>Given a "dokumentbeskrivelse" with an associated "dokumentobjekt",
+a new dokumentobjekt is associated with "dokumentbeskrivelse" with the
+same attributes as the stamped dokumentobjekt except these
+attributes:</p>
-See the status page[8] for the complete list.
-
- [8] &lt;URL: <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie">https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie</a> &gt;
-
-How to report bugs
-------------------
-
-&lt;URL: <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a> &gt;
+<ul>
-About Debian
-============
+<li>format -> "RFC3161"
+<li>mimeType -> "application/timestamp-reply"
+<li>formatDetaljer -> "&lt;source URL for timestamp service&gt;"
+<li>filenavn -> "&lt;sjekksum&gt;.tsr"
-The Debian Project was founded in 1993 by Ian Murdock to be a truly
-free community project. Since then the project has grown to be one of
-the largest and most influential open source projects. Thousands of
-volunteers from all over the world work together to create and
-maintain Debian software. Available in 70 languages, and supporting a
-huge range of computer types, Debian calls itself the universal
-operating system.
+</ul>
-Contact Information
-For further information, please visit the Debian web pages[9] or send
-mail to press@debian.org.
-
- [9] &lt;URL: <a href="http://www.debian.org/">http://www.debian.org/</a> &gt;
-</pre>
-</description>
- </item>
-
- <item>
- <title>I spent last weekend recording MakerCon Nordic</title>
- <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/I_spent_last_weekend_recording_MakerCon_Nordic.html</link>
- <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/I_spent_last_weekend_recording_MakerCon_Nordic.html</guid>
- <pubDate>Thu, 23 Oct 2014 23:00:00 +0200</pubDate>
- <description><p>I spent last weekend at <a href="http://www.makercon.no/">Makercon
-Nordic</a>, a great conference and workshop for makers in Norway and
-the surrounding countries. I had volunteered on behalf of the
-Norwegian Unix Users Group (NUUG) to video record the talks, and we
-had a great and exhausting time recording the entire day, two days in
-a row. There were only two of us, Hans-Petter and me, and we used the
-regular video equipment for NUUG, with a
-<a href="http://dvswitch.alioth.debian.org/wiki/">dvswitch</a>, a
-camera and a VGA to DV convert box, and mixed video and slides
-live.</p>
-
-<p>Hans-Petter did the post-processing, consisting of uploading the
-around 180 GiB of raw video to Youtube, and the result is
-<a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/MakerConNordic/">now becoming
-public</a> on the MakerConNordic account. The videos have the license
-NUUG always use on our recordings, which is
-<a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/no/">Creative
-Commons Navngivelse-Del på samme vilkår 3.0 Norge</a>. Many great
-talks available. Check it out! :)</p>
-</description>
- </item>
-
- <item>
- <title>listadmin, the quick way to moderate mailman lists - nice free software</title>
- <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/listadmin__the_quick_way_to_moderate_mailman_lists___nice_free_software.html</link>
- <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/listadmin__the_quick_way_to_moderate_mailman_lists___nice_free_software.html</guid>
- <pubDate>Wed, 22 Oct 2014 20:00:00 +0200</pubDate>
- <description><p>If you ever had to moderate a mailman list, like the ones on
-alioth.debian.org, you know the web interface is fairly slow to
-operate. First you visit one web page, enter the moderation password
-and get a new page shown with a list of all the messages to moderate
-and various options for each email address. This take a while for
-every list you moderate, and you need to do it regularly to do a good
-job as a list moderator. But there is a quick alternative,
-<a href="http://heim.ifi.uio.no/kjetilho/hacks/#listadmin">the
-listadmin program</a>. It allow you to check lists for new messages
-to moderate in a fraction of a second. Here is a test run on two
-lists I recently took over:</p>
+<p>This assume a service following
+<a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3161">IETF RFC 3161</a> is
+used, which specifiy the given MIME type for replies and the .tsr file
+ending for the content of such trusted timestamp. As far as I can
+tell from the Noark 5 specifications, it is OK to have several
+variants/renderings of a dokument attached to a given
+dokumentbeskrivelse objekt. It might be stretching it a bit to make
+some of these variants represent crypto-signatures useful for
+verifying the document integrity instead of representing the dokument
+itself.</p>
+
+<p>Using the source of the service in formatDetaljer allow several
+timestamping services to be used. This is useful to spread the risk
+of key compromise over several organisations. It would only be a
+problem to trust the timestamps if all of the organisations are
+compromised.</p>
+
+<p>The following oneliner on Linux can be used to generate the tsr
+file. $input is the path to the file to checksum, and $sha256 is the
+SHA-256 checksum of the file (ie the "<sjekksum>.tsr" value mentioned
+above).</p>
<p><blockquote><pre>
-% time listadmin xiph
-fetching data for pkg-xiph-commits@lists.alioth.debian.org ... nothing in queue
-fetching data for pkg-xiph-maint@lists.alioth.debian.org ... nothing in queue
-
-real 0m1.709s
-user 0m0.232s
-sys 0m0.012s
-%
+openssl ts -query -data "$inputfile" -cert -sha256 -no_nonce \
+ | curl -s -H "Content-Type: application/timestamp-query" \
+ --data-binary "@-" http://zeitstempel.dfn.de > $sha256.tsr
</pre></blockquote></p>
-<p>In 1.7 seconds I had checked two mailing lists and confirmed that
-there are no message in the moderation queue. Every morning I
-currently moderate 68 mailman lists, and it normally take around two
-minutes. When I took over the two pkg-xiph lists above a few days
-ago, there were 400 emails waiting in the moderator queue. It took me
-less than 15 minutes to process them all using the listadmin
-program.</p>
-
-<p>If you install
-<a href="https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/listadmin">the listadmin
-package</a> from Debian and create a file <tt>~/.listadmin.ini</tt>
-with content like this, the moderation task is a breeze:</p>
+<p>To verify the timestamp, you first need to download the public key
+of the trusted timestamp service, for example using this command:</p>
<p><blockquote><pre>
-username username@example.org
-spamlevel 23
-default discard
-discard_if_reason "Posting restricted to members only. Remove us from your mail list."
-
-password secret
-adminurl https://{domain}/mailman/admindb/{list}
-mailman-list@lists.example.com
-
-password hidden
-other-list@otherserver.example.org
+wget -O ca-cert.txt \
+ https://pki.pca.dfn.de/global-services-ca/pub/cacert/chain.txt
</pre></blockquote></p>
-<p>There are other options to set as well. Check the manual page to
-learn the details.</p>
+<p>Note, the public key should be stored alongside the timestamps in
+the archive to make sure it is also available 100 years from now. It
+is probably a good idea to standardise how and were to store such
+public keys, to make it easier to find for those trying to verify
+documents 100 or 1000 years from now. :)</p>
-<p>If you are forced to moderate lists on a mailman installation where
-the SSL certificate is self signed or not properly signed by a
-generally accepted signing authority, you can set a environment
-variable when calling listadmin to disable SSL verification:</p>
+<p>The verification itself is a simple openssl command:</p>
<p><blockquote><pre>
-PERL_LWP_SSL_VERIFY_HOSTNAME=0 listadmin
+openssl ts -verify -data $inputfile -in $sha256.tsr \
+ -CAfile ca-cert.txt -text
</pre></blockquote></p>
-<p>If you want to moderate a subset of the lists you take care of, you
-can provide an argument to the listadmin script like I do in the
-initial screen dump (the xiph argument). Using an argument, only
-lists matching the argument string will be processed. This make it
-quick to accept messages if you notice the moderation request in your
-email.</p>
-
-<p>Without the listadmin program, I would never be the moderator of 68
-mailing lists, as I simply do not have time to spend on that if the
-process was any slower. The listadmin program have saved me hours of
-time I could spend elsewhere over the years. It truly is nice free
-software.</p>
-
-<p>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
-activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
-<b><a href="bitcoin:15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b&label=PetterReinholdtsenBlog">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b</a></b>.</p>
-
-<p>Update 2014-10-27: Added missing 'username' statement in
-configuration example. Also, I've been told that the
-PERL_LWP_SSL_VERIFY_HOSTNAME=0 setting do not work for everyone. Not
-sure why.</p>
+<p>Is there any reason this approach would not work? Is it somehow against
+the Noark 5 specification?</p>
</description>
</item>
<item>
- <title>Debian Jessie, PXE and automatic firmware installation</title>
- <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Jessie__PXE_and_automatic_firmware_installation.html</link>
- <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Jessie__PXE_and_automatic_firmware_installation.html</guid>
- <pubDate>Fri, 17 Oct 2014 14:10:00 +0200</pubDate>
- <description><p>When PXE installing laptops with Debian, I often run into the
-problem that the WiFi card require some firmware to work properly.
-And it has been a pain to fix this using preseeding in Debian.
-Normally something more is needed. But thanks to
-<a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/i/isenkram.html">my isenkram
-package</a> and its recent tasksel extension, it has now become easy
-to do this using simple preseeding.</p>
-
-<p>The isenkram-cli package provide tasksel tasks which will install
-firmware for the hardware found in the machine (actually, requested by
-the kernel modules for the hardware). (It can also install user space
-programs supporting the hardware detected, but that is not the focus
-of this story.)</p>
-
-<p>To get this working in the default installation, two preeseding
-values are needed. First, the isenkram-cli package must be installed
-into the target chroot (aka the hard drive) before tasksel is executed
-in the pkgsel step of the debian-installer system. This is done by
-preseeding the base-installer/includes debconf value to include the
-isenkram-cli package. The package name is next passed to debootstrap
-for installation. With the isenkram-cli package in place, tasksel
-will automatically use the isenkram tasks to detect hardware specific
-packages for the machine being installed and install them, because
-isenkram-cli contain tasksel tasks.</p>
-
-<p>Second, one need to enable the non-free APT repository, because
-most firmware unfortunately is non-free. This is done by preseeding
-the apt-mirror-setup step. This is unfortunate, but for a lot of
-hardware it is the only option in Debian.</p>
-
-<p>The end result is two lines needed in your preseeding file to get
-firmware installed automatically by the installer:</p>
-
-<p><blockquote><pre>
-base-installer base-installer/includes string isenkram-cli
-apt-mirror-setup apt-setup/non-free boolean true
-</pre></blockquote></p>
-
-<p>The current version of isenkram-cli in testing/jessie will install
-both firmware and user space packages when using this method. It also
-do not work well, so use version 0.15 or later. Installing both
-firmware and user space packages might give you a bit more than you
-want, so I decided to split the tasksel task in two, one for firmware
-and one for user space programs. The firmware task is enabled by
-default, while the one for user space programs is not. This split is
-implemented in the package currently in unstable.</p>
-
-<p>If you decide to give this a go, please let me know (via email) how
-this recipe work for you. :)</p>
-
-<p>So, I bet you are wondering, how can this work. First and
-foremost, it work because tasksel is modular, and driven by whatever
-files it find in /usr/lib/tasksel/ and /usr/share/tasksel/. So the
-isenkram-cli package place two files for tasksel to find. First there
-is the task description file (/usr/share/tasksel/descs/isenkram.desc):</p>
-
-<p><blockquote><pre>
-Task: isenkram-packages
-Section: hardware
-Description: Hardware specific packages (autodetected by isenkram)
- Based on the detected hardware various hardware specific packages are
- proposed.
-Test-new-install: show show
-Relevance: 8
-Packages: for-current-hardware
-
-Task: isenkram-firmware
-Section: hardware
-Description: Hardware specific firmware packages (autodetected by isenkram)
- Based on the detected hardware various hardware specific firmware
- packages are proposed.
-Test-new-install: mark show
-Relevance: 8
-Packages: for-current-hardware-firmware
-</pre></blockquote></p>
-
-<p>The key parts are Test-new-install which indicate how the task
-should be handled and the Packages line referencing to a script in
-/usr/lib/tasksel/packages/. The scripts use other scripts to get a
-list of packages to install. The for-current-hardware-firmware script
-look like this to list relevant firmware for the machine:
-
-<p><blockquote><pre>
-#!/bin/sh
-#
-PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH
-export PATH
-isenkram-autoinstall-firmware -l
-</pre></blockquote></p>
-
-<p>With those two pieces in place, the firmware is installed by
-tasksel during the normal d-i run. :)</p>
-
-<p>If you want to test what tasksel will install when isenkram-cli is
-installed, run <tt>DEBIAN_PRIORITY=critical tasksel --test
---new-install</tt> to get the list of packages that tasksel would
-install.</p>
-
-<p><a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/">Debian Edu</a> will be
-pilots in testing this feature, as isenkram is used there now to
-install firmware, replacing the earlier scripts.</p>
+ <title>Når nynorskoversettelsen svikter til eksamen...</title>
+ <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/N_r_nynorskoversettelsen_svikter_til_eksamen___.html</link>
+ <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/N_r_nynorskoversettelsen_svikter_til_eksamen___.html</guid>
+ <pubDate>Sat, 3 Jun 2017 08:20:00 +0200</pubDate>
+ <description><p><a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/norge/Krever-at-elever-ma-fa-annullert-eksamen-etter-rot-med-oppgavetekster-622459b.html">Aftenposten
+melder i dag</a> om feil i eksamensoppgavene for eksamen i politikk og
+menneskerettigheter, der teksten i bokmåls og nynorskutgaven ikke var
+like. Oppgaveteksten er gjengitt i artikkelen, og jeg ble nysgjerring
+på om den fri oversetterløsningen
+<a href="https://www.apertium.org/">Apertium</a> ville gjort en bedre
+jobb enn Utdanningsdirektoratet. Det kan se slik ut.</p>
+
+<p>Her er bokmålsoppgaven fra eksamenen:</p>
+
+<blockquote>
+<p>Drøft utfordringene knyttet til nasjonalstatenes og andre aktørers
+rolle og muligheter til å håndtere internasjonale utfordringer, som
+for eksempel flykningekrisen.</p>
+
+<p>Vedlegge er eksempler på tekster som kan gi relevante perspektiver
+på temaet:</p>
+<ol>
+<li>Flykningeregnskapet 2016, UNHCR og IDMC
+<li>«Grenseløst Europa for fall» A-Magasinet, 26. november 2015
+</ol>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+<p>Dette oversetter Apertium slik:</p>
+
+<blockquote>
+<p>Drøft utfordringane knytte til nasjonalstatane sine og rolla til
+andre aktørar og høve til å handtera internasjonale utfordringar, som
+til dømes *flykningekrisen.</p>
+
+<p>Vedleggja er døme på tekster som kan gje relevante perspektiv på
+temaet:</p>
+
+<ol>
+<li>*Flykningeregnskapet 2016, *UNHCR og *IDMC</li>
+<li>«*Grenseløst Europa for fall» A-Magasinet, 26. november 2015</li>
+</ol>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+<p>Ord som ikke ble forstått er markert med stjerne (*), og trenger
+ekstra språksjekk. Men ingen ord er forsvunnet, slik det var i
+oppgaven elevene fikk presentert på eksamen. Jeg mistenker dog at
+"andre aktørers rolle og muligheter til ..." burde vært oversatt til
+"rolla til andre aktørar og deira høve til ..." eller noe slikt, men
+det er kanskje flisespikking. Det understreker vel bare at det alltid
+trengs korrekturlesning etter automatisk oversettelse.</p>
</description>
</item>
<item>
- <title>Ubuntu used to show the bread prizes at ICA Storo</title>
- <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ubuntu_used_to_show_the_bread_prizes_at_ICA_Storo.html</link>
- <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ubuntu_used_to_show_the_bread_prizes_at_ICA_Storo.html</guid>
- <pubDate>Sat, 4 Oct 2014 15:20:00 +0200</pubDate>
- <description><p>Today I came across an unexpected Ubuntu boot screen. Above the
-bread shelf on the ICA shop at Storo in Oslo, the grub menu of Ubuntu
-with Linux kernel 3.2.0-23 (ie probably version 12.04 LTS) was stuck
-on a screen normally showing the bread types and prizes:</p>
-
-<p align="center"><img width="70%" src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2014-10-04-ubuntu-ica-storo-crop.jpeg"></p>
-
-<p>If it had booted as it was supposed to, I would never had known
-about this hidden Linux installation. It is interesting what
-<a href="http://revealingerrors.com/">errors can reveal</a>.</p>
+ <title>Epost inn som arkivformat i Riksarkivarens forskrift?</title>
+ <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Epost_inn_som_arkivformat_i_Riksarkivarens_forskrift_.html</link>
+ <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Epost_inn_som_arkivformat_i_Riksarkivarens_forskrift_.html</guid>
+ <pubDate>Thu, 27 Apr 2017 11:30:00 +0200</pubDate>
+ <description><p>I disse dager, med frist 1. mai, har Riksarkivaren ute en høring på
+sin forskrift. Som en kan se er det ikke mye tid igjen før fristen
+som går ut på søndag. Denne forskriften er det som lister opp hvilke
+formater det er greit å arkivere i
+<a href="http://www.arkivverket.no/arkivverket/Offentleg-forvalting/Noark/Noark-5">Noark
+5-løsninger</a> i Norge.</p>
+
+<p>Jeg fant høringsdokumentene hos
+<a href="https://www.arkivrad.no/aktuelt/riksarkivarens-forskrift-pa-horing">Norsk
+Arkivråd</a> etter å ha blitt tipset på epostlisten til
+<a href="https://github.com/hiOA-ABI/nikita-noark5-core">fri
+programvareprosjektet Nikita Noark5-Core</a>, som lager et Noark 5
+Tjenestegresesnitt. Jeg er involvert i Nikita-prosjektet og takket
+være min interesse for tjenestegrensesnittsprosjektet har jeg lest en
+god del Noark 5-relaterte dokumenter, og til min overraskelse oppdaget
+at standard epost ikke er på listen over godkjente formater som kan
+arkiveres. Høringen med frist søndag er en glimrende mulighet til å
+forsøke å gjøre noe med det. Jeg holder på med
+<a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/noark5-tester/blob/master/docs/hoering-arkivforskrift.tex">egen
+høringsuttalelse</a>, og lurer på om andre er interessert i å støtte
+forslaget om å tillate arkivering av epost som epost i arkivet.</p>
+
+<p>Er du igang med å skrive egen høringsuttalelse allerede? I så fall
+kan du jo vurdere å ta med en formulering om epost-lagring. Jeg tror
+ikke det trengs så mye. Her et kort forslag til tekst:</p>
+
+<p><blockquote>
+
+ <p>Viser til høring sendt ut 2017-02-17 (Riksarkivarens referanse
+ 2016/9840 HELHJO), og tillater oss å sende inn noen innspill om
+ revisjon av Forskrift om utfyllende tekniske og arkivfaglige
+ bestemmelser om behandling av offentlige arkiver (Riksarkivarens
+ forskrift).</p>
+
+ <p>Svært mye av vår kommuikasjon foregår i dag på e-post. Vi
+ foreslår derfor at Internett-e-post, slik det er beskrevet i IETF
+ RFC 5322,
+ <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5322">https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5322</a>. bør
+ inn som godkjent dokumentformat. Vi foreslår at forskriftens
+ oversikt over godkjente dokumentformater ved innlevering i § 5-16
+ endres til å ta med Internett-e-post.</p>
+
+</blockquote></p>
+
+<p>Som del av arbeidet med tjenestegrensesnitt har vi testet hvordan
+epost kan lagres i en Noark 5-struktur, og holder på å skrive et
+forslag om hvordan dette kan gjøres som vil bli sendt over til
+arkivverket så snart det er ferdig. De som er interesserte kan
+<a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/noark5-tester/blob/master/docs/epostlagring.md">følge
+fremdriften på web</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Oppdatering 2017-04-28: I dag ble høringuttalelsen jeg skrev
+ <a href="https://www.nuug.no/news/NUUGs_h_ringuttalelse_til_Riksarkivarens_forskrift.shtml">sendt
+ inn av foreningen NUUG</a>.</p>
</description>
</item>
<item>
- <title>New lsdvd release version 0.17 is ready</title>
- <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/New_lsdvd_release_version_0_17_is_ready.html</link>
- <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/New_lsdvd_release_version_0_17_is_ready.html</guid>
- <pubDate>Sat, 4 Oct 2014 08:40:00 +0200</pubDate>
- <description><p>The <a href="https://sourceforge.net/p/lsdvd/">lsdvd project</a>
-got a new set of developers a few weeks ago, after the original
-developer decided to step down and pass the project to fresh blood.
-This project is now maintained by Petter Reinholdtsen and Steve
-Dibb.</p>
-
-<p>I just wrapped up
-<a href="https://sourceforge.net/p/lsdvd/mailman/message/32896061/">a
-new lsdvd release</a>, available in git or from
-<a href="https://sourceforge.net/projects/lsdvd/files/lsdvd/">the
-download page</a>. This is the changelog dated 2014-10-03 for version
-0.17.</p>
+ <title>Offentlig elektronisk postjournal blokkerer tilgang for utvalgte webklienter</title>
+ <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Offentlig_elektronisk_postjournal_blokkerer_tilgang_for_utvalgte_webklienter.html</link>
+ <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Offentlig_elektronisk_postjournal_blokkerer_tilgang_for_utvalgte_webklienter.html</guid>
+ <pubDate>Thu, 20 Apr 2017 13:00:00 +0200</pubDate>
+ <description><p>Jeg oppdaget i dag at <a href="https://www.oep.no/">nettstedet som
+publiserer offentlige postjournaler fra statlige etater</a>, OEP, har
+begynt å blokkerer enkelte typer webklienter fra å få tilgang. Vet
+ikke hvor mange det gjelder, men det gjelder i hvert fall libwww-perl
+og curl. For å teste selv, kjør følgende:</p>
-<ul>
+<blockquote><pre>
+% curl -v -s https://www.oep.no/pub/report.xhtml?reportId=3 2>&1 |grep '< HTTP'
+< HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found
+% curl -v -s --header 'User-Agent:Opera/12.0' https://www.oep.no/pub/report.xhtml?reportId=3 2>&1 |grep '< HTTP'
+< HTTP/1.1 200 OK
+%
+</pre></blockquote>
- <li>Ignore 'phantom' audio, subtitle tracks</li>
- <li>Check for garbage in the program chains, which indicate that a track is
- non-existant, to work around additional copy protection</li>
- <li>Fix displaying content type for audio tracks, subtitles</li>
- <li>Fix pallete display of first entry</li>
- <li>Fix include orders</li>
- <li>Ignore read errors in titles that would not be displayed anyway</li>
- <li>Fix the chapter count</li>
- <li>Make sure the array size and the array limit used when initialising
- the palette size is the same.</li>
- <li>Fix array printing.</li>
- <li>Correct subsecond calculations.</li>
- <li>Add sector information to the output format.</li>
- <li>Clean up code to be closer to ANSI C and compile without warnings
- with more GCC compiler warnings.</li>
+<p>Her kan en se at tjenesten gir «404 Not Found» for curl i
+standardoppsettet, mens den gir «200 OK» hvis curl hevder å være Opera
+versjon 12.0. Offentlig elektronisk postjournal startet blokkeringen
+2017-03-02.</p>
+
+<p>Blokkeringen vil gjøre det litt vanskeligere å maskinelt hente
+informasjon fra oep.no. Kan blokkeringen være gjort for å hindre
+automatisert innsamling av informasjon fra OEP, slik Pressens
+Offentlighetsutvalg gjorde for å dokumentere hvordan departementene
+hindrer innsyn i
+<a href="http://presse.no/dette-mener-np/undergraver-offentlighetsloven/">rapporten
+«Slik hindrer departementer innsyn» som ble publiserte i januar
+2017</a>. Det virker usannsynlig, da det jo er trivielt å bytte
+User-Agent til noe nytt.</p>
+
+<p>Finnes det juridisk grunnlag for det offentlige å diskriminere
+webklienter slik det gjøres her? Der tilgang gis eller ikke alt etter
+hva klienten sier at den heter? Da OEP eies av DIFI og driftes av
+Basefarm, finnes det kanskje noen dokumenter sendt mellom disse to
+aktørene man kan be om innsyn i for å forstå hva som har skjedd. Men
+<a href="https://www.oep.no/search/result.html?period=dateRange&fromDate=01.01.2016&toDate=01.04.2017&dateType=documentDate&caseDescription=&descType=both&caseNumber=&documentNumber=&sender=basefarm&senderType=both&documentType=all&legalAuthority=&archiveCode=&list2=196&searchType=advanced&Search=Search+in+records">postjournalen
+til DIFI viser kun to dokumenter</a> det siste året mellom DIFI og
+Basefarm.
+<a href="https://www.mimesbronn.no/request/blokkering_av_tilgang_til_oep_fo">Mimes brønn neste</a>,
+tenker jeg.</p>
+</description>
+ </item>
+
+ <item>
+ <title>Free software archive system Nikita now able to store documents</title>
+ <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Free_software_archive_system_Nikita_now_able_to_store_documents.html</link>
+ <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Free_software_archive_system_Nikita_now_able_to_store_documents.html</guid>
+ <pubDate>Sun, 19 Mar 2017 08:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
+ <description><p>The <a href="https://github.com/hiOA-ABI/nikita-noark5-core">Nikita
+Noark 5 core project</a> is implementing the Norwegian standard for
+keeping an electronic archive of government documents.
+<a href="http://www.arkivverket.no/arkivverket/Offentlig-forvaltning/Noark/Noark-5/English-version">The
+Noark 5 standard</a> document the requirement for data systems used by
+the archives in the Norwegian government, and the Noark 5 web interface
+specification document a REST web service for storing, searching and
+retrieving documents and metadata in such archive. I've been involved
+in the project since a few weeks before Christmas, when the Norwegian
+Unix User Group
+<a href="https://www.nuug.no/news/NOARK5_kjerne_som_fri_programvare_f_r_epostliste_hos_NUUG.shtml">announced
+it supported the project</a>. I believe this is an important project,
+and hope it can make it possible for the government archives in the
+future to use free software to keep the archives we citizens depend
+on. But as I do not hold such archive myself, personally my first use
+case is to store and analyse public mail journal metadata published
+from the government. I find it useful to have a clear use case in
+mind when developing, to make sure the system scratches one of my
+itches.</p>
+
+<p>If you would like to help make sure there is a free software
+alternatives for the archives, please join our IRC channel
+(<a href="irc://irc.freenode.net/%23nikita"">#nikita on
+irc.freenode.net</a>) and
+<a href="https://lists.nuug.no/mailman/listinfo/nikita-noark">the
+project mailing list</a>.</p>
+
+<p>When I got involved, the web service could store metadata about
+documents. But a few weeks ago, a new milestone was reached when it
+became possible to store full text documents too. Yesterday, I
+completed an implementation of a command line tool
+<tt>archive-pdf</tt> to upload a PDF file to the archive using this
+API. The tool is very simple at the moment, and find existing
+<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fonds">fonds</a>, series and
+files while asking the user to select which one to use if more than
+one exist. Once a file is identified, the PDF is associated with the
+file and uploaded, using the title extracted from the PDF itself. The
+process is fairly similar to visiting the archive, opening a cabinet,
+locating a file and storing a piece of paper in the archive. Here is
+a test run directly after populating the database with test data using
+our API tester:</p>
-</ul>
+<p><blockquote><pre>
+~/src//noark5-tester$ ./archive-pdf mangelmelding/mangler.pdf
+using arkiv: Title of the test fonds created 2017-03-18T23:49:32.103446
+using arkivdel: Title of the test series created 2017-03-18T23:49:32.103446
+
+ 0 - Title of the test case file created 2017-03-18T23:49:32.103446
+ 1 - Title of the test file created 2017-03-18T23:49:32.103446
+Select which mappe you want (or search term): 0
+Uploading mangelmelding/mangler.pdf
+ PDF title: Mangler i spesifikasjonsdokumentet for NOARK 5 Tjenestegrensesnitt
+ File 2017/1: Title of the test case file created 2017-03-18T23:49:32.103446
+~/src//noark5-tester$
+</pre></blockquote></p>
-<p>This change bring together patches for lsdvd in use in various
-Linux and Unix distributions, as well as patches submitted to the
-project the last nine years. Please check it out. :)</p>
+<p>You can see here how the fonds (arkiv) and serie (arkivdel) only had
+one option, while the user need to choose which file (mappe) to use
+among the two created by the API tester. The <tt>archive-pdf</tt>
+tool can be found in the git repository for the API tester.</p>
+
+<p>In the project, I have been mostly working on
+<a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/noark5-tester">the API
+tester</a> so far, while getting to know the code base. The API
+tester currently use
+<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HATEOAS">the HATEOAS links</a>
+to traverse the entire exposed service API and verify that the exposed
+operations and objects match the specification, as well as trying to
+create objects holding metadata and uploading a simple XML file to
+store. The tester has proved very useful for finding flaws in our
+implementation, as well as flaws in the reference site and the
+specification.</p>
+
+<p>The test document I uploaded is a summary of all the specification
+defects we have collected so far while implementing the web service.
+There are several unclear and conflicting parts of the specification,
+and we have
+<a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/noark5-tester/tree/master/mangelmelding">started
+writing down</a> the questions we get from implementing it. We use a
+format inspired by how <a href="http://www.opengroup.org/austin/">The
+Austin Group</a> collect defect reports for the POSIX standard with
+<a href="http://www.opengroup.org/austin/mantis.html">their
+instructions for the MANTIS defect tracker system</a>, in lack of an official way to structure defect reports for Noark 5 (our first submitted defect report was a <a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/noark5-tester/blob/master/mangelmelding/sendt/2017-03-15-mangel-prosess.md">request for a procedure for submitting defect reports</a> :).
+
+<p>The Nikita project is implemented using Java and Spring, and is
+fairly easy to get up and running using Docker containers for those
+that want to test the current code base. The API tester is
+implemented in Python.</p>
</description>
</item>
<item>
- <title>How to test Debian Edu Jessie despite some fatal problems with the installer</title>
- <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_test_Debian_Edu_Jessie_despite_some_fatal_problems_with_the_installer.html</link>
- <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_test_Debian_Edu_Jessie_despite_some_fatal_problems_with_the_installer.html</guid>
- <pubDate>Fri, 26 Sep 2014 12:20:00 +0200</pubDate>
- <description><p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
-project</a> provide a Linux solution for schools, including a
-powerful desktop with education software, a central server providing
-web pages, user database, user home directories, central login and PXE
-boot of both clients without disk and the installation to install Debian
-Edu on machines with disk (and a few other services perhaps to small
-to mention here). We in the Debian Edu team are currently working on
-the Jessie based version, trying to get everything in shape before the
-freeze, to avoid having to maintain our own package repository in the
-future. The
-<a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie">current
-status</a> can be seen on the Debian wiki, and there is still heaps of
-work left. Some fatal problems block testing, breaking the installer,
-but it is possible to work around these to get anyway. Here is a
-recipe on how to get the installation limping along.</p>
-
-<p>First, download the test ISO via
-<a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.no/cd-edu-testing-nolocal-netinst/debian-edu-amd64-i386-NETINST-1.iso">ftp</a>,
-<a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.no/cd-edu-testing-nolocal-netinst/debian-edu-amd64-i386-NETINST-1.iso">http</a>
-or rsync (use
-ftp.skolelinux.org::cd-edu-testing-nolocal-netinst/debian-edu-amd64-i386-NETINST-1.iso).
-The ISO build was broken on Tuesday, so we do not get a new ISO every
-12 hours or so, but thankfully the ISO we already got we are able to
-install with some tweaking.</p>
-
-<p>When you get to the Debian Edu profile question, go to tty2
-(use Alt-Ctrl-F2), run</p>
+ <title>Detecting NFS hangs on Linux without hanging yourself...</title>
+ <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Detecting_NFS_hangs_on_Linux_without_hanging_yourself___.html</link>
+ <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Detecting_NFS_hangs_on_Linux_without_hanging_yourself___.html</guid>
+ <pubDate>Thu, 9 Mar 2017 15:20:00 +0100</pubDate>
+ <description><p>Over the years, administrating thousand of NFS mounting linux
+computers at the time, I often needed a way to detect if the machine
+was experiencing NFS hang. If you try to use <tt>df</tt> or look at a
+file or directory affected by the hang, the process (and possibly the
+shell) will hang too. So you want to be able to detect this without
+risking the detection process getting stuck too. It has not been
+obvious how to do this. When the hang has lasted a while, it is
+possible to find messages like these in dmesg:</p>
+
+<p><blockquote>
+nfs: server nfsserver not responding, still trying
+<br>nfs: server nfsserver OK
+</blockquote></p>
+
+<p>It is hard to know if the hang is still going on, and it is hard to
+be sure looking in dmesg is going to work. If there are lots of other
+messages in dmesg the lines might have rotated out of site before they
+are noticed.</p>
+
+<p>While reading through the nfs client implementation in linux kernel
+code, I came across some statistics that seem to give a way to detect
+it. The om_timeouts sunrpc value in the kernel will increase every
+time the above log entry is inserted into dmesg. And after digging a
+bit further, I discovered that this value show up in
+/proc/self/mountstats on Linux.</p>
+
+<p>The mountstats content seem to be shared between files using the
+same file system context, so it is enough to check one of the
+mountstats files to get the state of the mount point for the machine.
+I assume this will not show lazy umounted NFS points, nor NFS mount
+points in a different process context (ie with a different filesystem
+view), but that does not worry me.</p>
+
+<p>The content for a NFS mount point look similar to this:</p>
<p><blockquote><pre>
-nano /usr/bin/edu-eatmydata-install
+[...]
+device /dev/mapper/Debian-var mounted on /var with fstype ext3
+device nfsserver:/mnt/nfsserver/home0 mounted on /mnt/nfsserver/home0 with fstype nfs statvers=1.1
+ opts: rw,vers=3,rsize=65536,wsize=65536,namlen=255,acregmin=3,acregmax=60,acdirmin=30,acdirmax=60,soft,nolock,proto=tcp,timeo=600,retrans=2,sec=sys,mountaddr=129.240.3.145,mountvers=3,mountport=4048,mountproto=udp,local_lock=all
+ age: 7863311
+ caps: caps=0x3fe7,wtmult=4096,dtsize=8192,bsize=0,namlen=255
+ sec: flavor=1,pseudoflavor=1
+ events: 61063112 732346265 1028140 35486205 16220064 8162542 761447191 71714012 37189 3891185 45561809 110486139 4850138 420353 15449177 296502 52736725 13523379 0 52182 9016896 1231 0 0 0 0 0
+ bytes: 166253035039 219519120027 0 0 40783504807 185466229638 11677877 45561809
+ RPC iostats version: 1.0 p/v: 100003/3 (nfs)
+ xprt: tcp 925 1 6810 0 0 111505412 111480497 109 2672418560317 0 248 53869103 22481820
+ per-op statistics
+ NULL: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
+ GETATTR: 61063106 61063108 0 9621383060 6839064400 453650 77291321 78926132
+ SETATTR: 463469 463470 0 92005440 66739536 63787 603235 687943
+ LOOKUP: 17021657 17021657 0 3354097764 4013442928 57216 35125459 35566511
+ ACCESS: 14281703 14290009 5 2318400592 1713803640 1709282 4865144 7130140
+ READLINK: 125 125 0 20472 18620 0 1112 1118
+ READ: 4214236 4214237 0 715608524 41328653212 89884 22622768 22806693
+ WRITE: 8479010 8494376 22 187695798568 1356087148 178264904 51506907 231671771
+ CREATE: 171708 171708 0 38084748 46702272 873 1041833 1050398
+ MKDIR: 3680 3680 0 773980 993920 26 23990 24245
+ SYMLINK: 903 903 0 233428 245488 6 5865 5917
+ MKNOD: 80 80 0 20148 21760 0 299 304
+ REMOVE: 429921 429921 0 79796004 61908192 3313 2710416 2741636
+ RMDIR: 3367 3367 0 645112 484848 22 5782 6002
+ RENAME: 466201 466201 0 130026184 121212260 7075 5935207 5961288
+ LINK: 289155 289155 0 72775556 67083960 2199 2565060 2585579
+ READDIR: 2933237 2933237 0 516506204 13973833412 10385 3190199 3297917
+ READDIRPLUS: 1652839 1652839 0 298640972 6895997744 84735 14307895 14448937
+ FSSTAT: 6144 6144 0 1010516 1032192 51 9654 10022
+ FSINFO: 2 2 0 232 328 0 1 1
+ PATHCONF: 1 1 0 116 140 0 0 0
+ COMMIT: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
+
+device binfmt_misc mounted on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc with fstype binfmt_misc
+[...]
</pre></blockquote></p>
-<p>and add 'exit 0' as the second line, disabling the eatmydata
-optimization. Return to the installation, select the profile you want
-and continue. Without this change, exim4-config will fail to install
-due to a known bug in eatmydata.</p>
-
-<p>When you get the grub question at the end, answer /dev/sda (or if
-this do not work, figure out what your correct value would be. All my
-test machines need /dev/sda, so I have no advice if it do not fit
-your need.</p>
-
-<p>If you installed a profile including a graphical desktop, log in as
-root after the initial boot from hard drive, and install the
-education-desktop-XXX metapackage. XXX can be kde, gnome, lxde, xfce
-or mate. If you want several desktop options, install more than one
-metapackage. Once this is done, reboot and you should have a working
-graphical login screen. This workaround should no longer be needed
-once the education-tasks package version 1.801 enter testing in two
-days.</p>
-
-<p>I believe the ISO build will start working on two days when the new
-tasksel package enter testing and Steve McIntyre get a chance to
-update the debian-cd git repository. The eatmydata, grub and desktop
-issues are already fixed in unstable and testing, and should show up
-on the ISO as soon as the ISO build start working again. Well the
-eatmydata optimization is really just disabled. The proper fix
-require an upload by the eatmydata maintainer applying the patch
-provided in bug <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/702711">#702711</a>.
-The rest have proper fixes in unstable.</p>
-
-<p>I hope this get you going with the installation testing, as we are
-quickly running out of time trying to get our Jessie based
-installation ready before the distribution freeze in a month.</p>
+<p>The key number to look at is the third number in the per-op list.
+It is the number of NFS timeouts experiences per file system
+operation. Here 22 write timeouts and 5 access timeouts. If these
+numbers are increasing, I believe the machine is experiencing NFS
+hang. Unfortunately the timeout value do not start to increase right
+away. The NFS operations need to time out first, and this can take a
+while. The exact timeout value depend on the setup. For example the
+defaults for TCP and UDP mount points are quite different, and the
+timeout value is affected by the soft, hard, timeo and retrans NFS
+mount options.</p>
+
+<p>The only way I have been able to get working on Debian and RedHat
+Enterprise Linux for getting the timeout count is to peek in /proc/.
+But according to
+<ahref="http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E19253-01/816-4555/netmonitor-12/index.html">Solaris
+10 System Administration Guide: Network Services</a>, the 'nfsstat -c'
+command can be used to get these timeout values. But this do not work
+on Linux, as far as I can tell. I
+<ahref="http://bugs.debian.org/857043">asked Debian about this</a>,
+but have not seen any replies yet.</p>
+
+<p>Is there a better way to figure out if a Linux NFS client is
+experiencing NFS hangs? Is there a way to detect which processes are
+affected? Is there a way to get the NFS mount going quickly once the
+network problem causing the NFS hang has been cleared? I would very
+much welcome some clues, as we regularly run into NFS hangs.</p>
</description>
</item>
<item>
- <title>Suddenly I am the new upstream of the lsdvd command line tool</title>
- <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Suddenly_I_am_the_new_upstream_of_the_lsdvd_command_line_tool.html</link>
- <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Suddenly_I_am_the_new_upstream_of_the_lsdvd_command_line_tool.html</guid>
- <pubDate>Thu, 25 Sep 2014 11:20:00 +0200</pubDate>
- <description><p>I use the <a href="https://sourceforge.net/p/lsdvd/">lsdvd tool</a>
-to handle my fairly large DVD collection. It is a nice command line
-tool to get details about a DVD, like title, tracks, track length,
-etc, in XML, Perl or human readable format. But lsdvd have not seen
-any new development since 2006 and had a few irritating bugs affecting
-its use with some DVDs. Upstream seemed to be dead, and in January I
-sent a small probe asking for a version control repository for the
-project, without any reply. But I use it regularly and would like to
-get <a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/lsdvd">an updated version
-into Debian</a>. So two weeks ago I tried harder to get in touch with
-the project admin, and after getting a reply from him explaining that
-he was no longer interested in the project, I asked if I could take
-over. And yesterday, I became project admin.</p>
-
-<p>I've been in touch with a Gentoo developer and the Debian
-maintainer interested in joining forces to maintain the upstream
-project, and I hope we can get a new release out fairly quickly,
-collecting the patches spread around on the internet into on place.
-I've added the relevant Debian patches to the freshly created git
-repository, and expect the Gentoo patches to make it too. If you got
-a DVD collection and care about command line tools, check out
-<a href="https://sourceforge.net/p/lsdvd/git/ci/master/tree/">the git source</a> and join
-<a href="https://sourceforge.net/p/lsdvd/mailman/">the project mailing
-list</a>. :)</p>
+ <title>How does it feel to be wiretapped, when you should be doing the wiretapping...</title>
+ <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_does_it_feel_to_be_wiretapped__when_you_should_be_doing_the_wiretapping___.html</link>
+ <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_does_it_feel_to_be_wiretapped__when_you_should_be_doing_the_wiretapping___.html</guid>
+ <pubDate>Wed, 8 Mar 2017 11:50:00 +0100</pubDate>
+ <description><p>So the new president in the United States of America claim to be
+surprised to discover that he was wiretapped during the election
+before he was elected president. He even claim this must be illegal.
+Well, doh, if it is one thing the confirmations from Snowden
+documented, it is that the entire population in USA is wiretapped, one
+way or another. Of course the president candidates were wiretapped,
+alongside the senators, judges and the rest of the people in USA.</p>
+
+<p>Next, the Federal Bureau of Investigation ask the Department of
+Justice to go public rejecting the claims that Donald Trump was
+wiretapped illegally. I fail to see the relevance, given that I am
+sure the surveillance industry in USA believe they have all the legal
+backing they need to conduct mass surveillance on the entire
+world.</p>
+
+<p>There is even the director of the FBI stating that he never saw an
+order requesting wiretapping of Donald Trump. That is not very
+surprising, given how the FISA court work, with all its activity being
+secret. Perhaps he only heard about it?</p>
+
+<p>What I find most sad in this story is how Norwegian journalists
+present it. In a news reports the other day in the radio from the
+Norwegian National broadcasting Company (NRK), I heard the journalist
+claim that 'the FBI denies any wiretapping', while the reality is that
+'the FBI denies any illegal wiretapping'. There is a fundamental and
+important difference, and it make me sad that the journalists are
+unable to grasp it.</p>
+
+<p><strong>Update 2017-03-13:</strong> Look like
+<a href="https://theintercept.com/2017/03/13/rand-paul-is-right-nsa-routinely-monitors-americans-communications-without-warrants/">The
+Intercept report that US Senator Rand Paul confirm what I state above</a>.</p>
</description>
</item>
<item>
- <title>Hva henger under skibrua over E16 på Sollihøgda?</title>
- <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hva_henger_under_skibrua_over_E16_p__Sollih_gda_.html</link>
- <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hva_henger_under_skibrua_over_E16_p__Sollih_gda_.html</guid>
- <pubDate>Sun, 21 Sep 2014 09:50:00 +0200</pubDate>
- <description><p>Rundt omkring i Oslo og Østlandsområdet henger det bokser over
-veiene som jeg har lurt på hva gjør. De har ut fra plassering og
-vinkling sett ut som bokser som sniffer ut et eller annet fra
-forbipasserende trafikk, men det har vært uklart for meg hva det er de
-leser av. Her om dagen tok jeg bilde av en slik boks som henger under
-<a href="http://www.openstreetmap.no/?zoom=19&mlat=59.96396&mlon=10.34443&layers=B00000">ei
-skibru på Sollihøgda</a>:</p>
-
-<p align="center"><img width="60%" src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2014-09-13-kapsch-sollihogda-crop.jpeg"></p>
-
-<p>Boksen er tydelig merket «Kapsch >>>», logoen til
-<a href="http://www.kapsch.net/">det sveitsiske selskapet Kapsch</a> som
-blant annet lager sensorsystemer for veitrafikk. Men de lager mye
-forskjellig, og jeg kjente ikke igjen boksen på utseendet etter en
-kjapp titt på produktlista til selskapet.</p>
-
-<p>I og med at boksen henger over veien E16, en riksvei vedlikeholdt
-av Statens Vegvesen, så antok jeg at det burde være mulig å bruke
-REST-API-et som gir tilgang til vegvesenets database over veier,
-skilter og annet veirelatert til å finne ut hva i alle dager dette
-kunne være. De har både
-<a href="https://www.vegvesen.no/nvdb/api/dokumentasjon/datakatalog">en
-datakatalog</a> og
-<a href="https://www.vegvesen.no/nvdb/api/dokumentasjon/sok">et
-søk</a>, der en kan søke etter ulike typer oppføringer innen for et
-gitt geografisk område. Jeg laget et enkelt shell-script for å hente
-ut antall av en gitt type innenfor området skibrua dekker, og listet
-opp navnet på typene som ble funnet. Orket ikke slå opp hvordan
-URL-koding av aktuelle strenger kunne gjøres mer generisk, og brukte
-en stygg sed-linje i stedet.</p>
+ <title>Norwegian Bokmål translation of The Debian Administrator's Handbook complete, proofreading in progress</title>
+ <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Norwegian_Bokm_l_translation_of_The_Debian_Administrator_s_Handbook_complete__proofreading_in_progress.html</link>
+ <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Norwegian_Bokm_l_translation_of_The_Debian_Administrator_s_Handbook_complete__proofreading_in_progress.html</guid>
+ <pubDate>Fri, 3 Mar 2017 14:50:00 +0100</pubDate>
+ <description><p>For almost a year now, we have been working on making a Norwegian
+Bokmål edition of <a href="https://debian-handbook.info/">The Debian
+Administrator's Handbook</a>. Now, thanks to the tireless effort of
+Ole-Erik, Ingrid and Andreas, the initial translation is complete, and
+we are working on the proof reading to ensure consistent language and
+use of correct computer science terms. The plan is to make the book
+available on paper, as well as in electronic form. For that to
+happen, the proof reading must be completed and all the figures need
+to be translated. If you want to help out, get in touch.</p>
+
+<p><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/debian-handbook/debian-handbook-nb-NO.pdf">A
+
+fresh PDF edition</a> in A4 format (the final book will have smaller
+pages) of the book created every morning is available for
+proofreading. If you find any errors, please
+<a href="https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/debian-handbook/">visit
+Weblate and correct the error</a>. The
+<a href="http://l.github.io/debian-handbook/stat/nb-NO/index.html">state
+of the translation including figures</a> is a useful source for those
+provide Norwegian bokmål screen shots and figures.</p>
+</description>
+ </item>
+
+ <item>
+ <title>Unlimited randomness with the ChaosKey?</title>
+ <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Unlimited_randomness_with_the_ChaosKey_.html</link>
+ <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Unlimited_randomness_with_the_ChaosKey_.html</guid>
+ <pubDate>Wed, 1 Mar 2017 20:50:00 +0100</pubDate>
+ <description><p>A few days ago I ordered a small batch of
+<a href="http://altusmetrum.org/ChaosKey/">the ChaosKey</a>, a small
+USB dongle for generating entropy created by Bdale Garbee and Keith
+Packard. Yesterday it arrived, and I am very happy to report that it
+work great! According to its designers, to get it to work out of the
+box, you need the Linux kernel version 4.1 or later. I tested on a
+Debian Stretch machine (kernel version 4.9), and there it worked just
+fine, increasing the available entropy very quickly. I wrote a small
+test oneliner to test. It first print the current entropy level,
+drain /dev/random, and then print the entropy level for five seconds.
+Here is the situation without the ChaosKey inserted:</p>
<blockquote><pre>
-#!/bin/sh
-urlmap() {
- sed \
- -e 's/ / /g' -e 's/{/%7B/g' \
- -e 's/}/%7D/g' -e 's/\[/%5B/g' \
- -e 's/\]/%5D/g' -e 's/ /%20/g' \
- -e 's/,/%2C/g' -e 's/\"/%22/g' \
- -e 's/:/%3A/g'
-}
-
-lookup() {
- url="$1"
- curl -s -H 'Accept: application/vnd.vegvesen.nvdb-v1+xml' \
- "https://www.vegvesen.no/nvdb/api$url" | xmllint --format -
-}
-
-for id in $(seq 1 874) ; do
- search="{
- lokasjon: {
- bbox: \"10.34425,59.96386,10.34458,59.96409\",
- srid: \"WGS84\"
- },
- objektTyper: [{
- id: $id, antall: 10
- }]
-}"
-
- query=/sok?kriterie=$(echo $search | urlmap)
- if lookup "$query" |
- grep -q '&lt;totaltAntallReturnert>0&lt;'
- then
- :
- else
- echo $id
- lookup "/datakatalog/objekttyper/$id" |grep '^ &lt;navn>'
- fi
-done
-
-exit 0
+% cat /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail; \
+ dd bs=1M if=/dev/random of=/dev/null count=1; \
+ for n in $(seq 1 5); do \
+ cat /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail; \
+ sleep 1; \
+ done
+300
+0+1 oppføringer inn
+0+1 oppføringer ut
+28 byte kopiert, 0,000264565 s, 106 kB/s
+4
+8
+12
+17
+21
+%
</pre></blockquote>
-Aktuelt ID-område 1-874 var riktig i datakatalogen da jeg laget
-scriptet. Det vil endre seg over tid. Skriptet listet så opp
-aktuelle typer i og rundt skibrua:
+<p>The entropy level increases by 3-4 every second. In such case any
+application requiring random bits (like a HTTPS enabled web server)
+will halt and wait for more entrpy. And here is the situation with
+the ChaosKey inserted:</p>
<blockquote><pre>
-5
- &lt;navn>Rekkverk&lt;/navn>
-14
- &lt;navn>Rekkverksende&lt;/navn>
-47
- &lt;navn>Trafikklomme&lt;/navn>
-49
- &lt;navn>Trafikkøy&lt;/navn>
-60
- &lt;navn>Bru&lt;/navn>
-79
- &lt;navn>Stikkrenne/Kulvert&lt;/navn>
-80
- &lt;navn>Grøft, åpen&lt;/navn>
-86
- &lt;navn>Belysningsstrekning&lt;/navn>
-95
- &lt;navn>Skiltpunkt&lt;/navn>
-96
- &lt;navn>Skiltplate&lt;/navn>
-98
- &lt;navn>Referansestolpe&lt;/navn>
-99
- &lt;navn>Vegoppmerking, langsgående&lt;/navn>
-105
- &lt;navn>Fartsgrense&lt;/navn>
-106
- &lt;navn>Vinterdriftsstrategi&lt;/navn>
-172
- &lt;navn>Trafikkdeler&lt;/navn>
-241
- &lt;navn>Vegdekke&lt;/navn>
-293
- &lt;navn>Breddemåling&lt;/navn>
-301
- &lt;navn>Kantklippareal&lt;/navn>
-318
- &lt;navn>Snø-/isrydding&lt;/navn>
-445
- &lt;navn>Skred&lt;/navn>
-446
- &lt;navn>Dokumentasjon&lt;/navn>
-452
- &lt;navn>Undergang&lt;/navn>
-528
- &lt;navn>Tverrprofil&lt;/navn>
-532
- &lt;navn>Vegreferanse&lt;/navn>
-534
- &lt;navn>Region&lt;/navn>
-535
- &lt;navn>Fylke&lt;/navn>
-536
- &lt;navn>Kommune&lt;/navn>
-538
- &lt;navn>Gate&lt;/navn>
-539
- &lt;navn>Transportlenke&lt;/navn>
-540
- &lt;navn>Trafikkmengde&lt;/navn>
-570
- &lt;navn>Trafikkulykke&lt;/navn>
-571
- &lt;navn>Ulykkesinvolvert enhet&lt;/navn>
-572
- &lt;navn>Ulykkesinvolvert person&lt;/navn>
-579
- &lt;navn>Politidistrikt&lt;/navn>
-583
- &lt;navn>Vegbredde&lt;/navn>
-591
- &lt;navn>Høydebegrensning&lt;/navn>
-592
- &lt;navn>Nedbøyningsmåling&lt;/navn>
-597
- &lt;navn>Støy-luft, Strekningsdata&lt;/navn>
-601
- &lt;navn>Oppgravingsdata&lt;/navn>
-602
- &lt;navn>Oppgravingslag&lt;/navn>
-603
- &lt;navn>PMS-parsell&lt;/navn>
-604
- &lt;navn>Vegnormalstrekning&lt;/navn>
-605
- &lt;navn>Værrelatert strekning&lt;/navn>
-616
- &lt;navn>Feltstrekning&lt;/navn>
-617
- &lt;navn>Adressepunkt&lt;/navn>
-626
- &lt;navn>Friksjonsmåleserie&lt;/navn>
-629
- &lt;navn>Vegdekke, flatelapping&lt;/navn>
-639
- &lt;navn>Kurvatur, horisontalelement&lt;/navn>
-640
- &lt;navn>Kurvatur, vertikalelement&lt;/navn>
-642
- &lt;navn>Kurvatur, vertikalpunkt&lt;/navn>
-643
- &lt;navn>Statistikk, trafikkmengde&lt;/navn>
-647
- &lt;navn>Statistikk, vegbredde&lt;/navn>
-774
- &lt;navn>Nedbøyningsmåleserie&lt;/navn>
-775
- &lt;navn>ATK, influensstrekning&lt;/navn>
-794
- &lt;navn>Systemobjekt&lt;/navn>
-810
- &lt;navn>Vinterdriftsklasse&lt;/navn>
-821
- &lt;navn>Funksjonell vegklasse&lt;/navn>
-825
- &lt;navn>Kurvatur, stigning&lt;/navn>
-838
- &lt;navn>Vegbredde, beregnet&lt;/navn>
-862
- &lt;navn>Reisetidsregistreringspunkt&lt;/navn>
-871
- &lt;navn>Bruksklasse&lt;/navn>
+% cat /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail; \
+ dd bs=1M if=/dev/random of=/dev/null count=1; \
+ for n in $(seq 1 5); do \
+ cat /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail; \
+ sleep 1; \
+ done
+1079
+0+1 oppføringer inn
+0+1 oppføringer ut
+104 byte kopiert, 0,000487647 s, 213 kB/s
+433
+1028
+1031
+1035
+1038
+%
</pre></blockquote>
-<p>Av disse ser ID 775 og 862 mest relevant ut. ID 775 antar jeg
-refererer til fotoboksen som står like ved brua, mens
-«Reisetidsregistreringspunkt» kanskje kan være boksen som henger der.
-Hvordan finner jeg så ut hva dette kan være for noe. En titt på
-<a href="http://labs.vegdata.no/nvdb-datakatalog/862-Reisetidsregistreringspunkt/">datakatalogsiden
-for ID 862/Reisetidsregistreringspunkt</a> viser at det er finnes 53
-slike målere i Norge, og hvor de er plassert, men gir ellers få
-detaljer. Det er plassert 40 på østlandet og 13 i Trondheimsregionen.
-Men siden nevner «AutoPASS», og hvis en slår opp oppføringen på
-Sollihøgda nevner den «Ciber AS» som ID for eksternt system. (Kan det
-være snakk om
-<a href="http://www.proff.no/selskap/ciber-norge-as/oslo/internettdesign-og-programmering/Z0I3KMF4/">Ciber
-Norge AS</a>, et selskap eid av Ciber Europe Bv?) Et nettsøk på
- «Ciber AS autopass» fører meg til en artikkel fra NRK Trøndelag i
- 2013 med tittel
-«<a href="http://www.nrk.no/trondelag/sjekk-dette-hvis-du-vil-unnga-ko-1.11327947">Sjekk
-dette hvis du vil unngå kø</a>». Artikkelen henviser til vegvesenets
-nettside
-<a href="http://www.reisetider.no/reisetid/forside.html">reisetider.no</a>
-som har en
-<a href="http://www.reisetider.no/reisetid/omrade.html?omrade=5">kartside
-for Østlandet</a> som viser at det måles mellom Sandvika og Sollihøgda.
-Det kan dermed se ut til at jeg har funnet ut hva boksene gjør.</p>
-
-<p>Hvis det stemmer, så er dette bokser som leser av AutoPASS-ID-en
-til alle passerende biler med AutoPASS-brikke, og dermed gjør det mulig
-for de som kontrollerer boksene å holde rede på hvor en gitt bil er
-når den passerte et slikt målepunkt. NRK-artikkelen forteller at
-denne informasjonen i dag kun brukes til å koble to
-AutoPASS-brikkepasseringer passeringer sammen for å beregne
-reisetiden, og at bruken er godkjent av Datatilsynet. Det er desverre
-ikke mulig for en sjåfør som passerer under en slik boks å kontrollere
-at AutoPASS-ID-en kun brukes til dette i dag og i fremtiden.</p>
-
-<p>I tillegg til denne type AutoPASS-sniffere vet jeg at det også
-finnes mange automatiske stasjoner som tar betalt pr. passering (aka
-bomstasjoner), og der lagres informasjon om tid, sted og bilnummer i
-10 år. Finnes det andre slike sniffere plassert ut på veiene?</p>
-
-<p>Personlig har jeg valgt å ikke bruke AutoPASS-brikke, for å gjøre
-det vanskeligere og mer kostbart for de som vil invadere privatsfæren
-og holde rede på hvor bilen min beveger seg til enhver tid. Jeg håper
-flere vil gjøre det samme, selv om det gir litt høyere private
-utgifter (dyrere bompassering). Vern om privatsfæren koster i disse
-dager.</p>
-
-<p>Takk til Jan Kristian Jensen i Statens Vegvesen for tips om
-dokumentasjon på vegvesenets REST-API.</p>
+<p>Quite the difference. :) I bought a few more than I need, in case
+someone want to buy one here in Norway. :)</p>
+
+<p>Update: The dongle was presented at Debconf last year. You might
+find <a href="https://debconf16.debconf.org/talks/94/">the talk
+recording illuminating</a>. It explains exactly what the source of
+randomness is, if you are unable to spot it from the schema drawing
+available from the ChaosKey web site linked at the start of this blog
+post.</p>
</description>
</item>
<item>
- <title>Speeding up the Debian installer using eatmydata and dpkg-divert</title>
- <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Speeding_up_the_Debian_installer_using_eatmydata_and_dpkg_divert.html</link>
- <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Speeding_up_the_Debian_installer_using_eatmydata_and_dpkg_divert.html</guid>
- <pubDate>Tue, 16 Sep 2014 14:00:00 +0200</pubDate>
- <description><p>The <a href="https://www.debian.org/">Debian</a> installer could be
-a lot quicker. When we install more than 2000 packages in
-<a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a> using
-tasksel in the installer, unpacking the binary packages take forever.
-A part of the slow I/O issue was discussed in
-<a href="https://bugs.debian.org/613428">bug #613428</a> about too
-much file system sync-ing done by dpkg, which is the package
-responsible for unpacking the binary packages. Other parts (like code
-executed by postinst scripts) might also sync to disk during
-installation. All this sync-ing to disk do not really make sense to
-me. If the machine crash half-way through, I start over, I do not try
-to salvage the half installed system. So the failure sync-ing is
-supposed to protect against, hardware or system crash, is not really
-relevant while the installer is running.</p>
-
-<p>A few days ago, I thought of a way to get rid of all the file
-system sync()-ing in a fairly non-intrusive way, without the need to
-change the code in several packages. The idea is not new, but I have
-not heard anyone propose the approach using dpkg-divert before. It
-depend on the small and clever package
-<a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/eatmydata">eatmydata</a>, which
-uses LD_PRELOAD to replace the system functions for syncing data to
-disk with functions doing nothing, thus allowing programs to live
-dangerous while speeding up disk I/O significantly. Instead of
-modifying the implementation of dpkg, apt and tasksel (which are the
-packages responsible for selecting, fetching and installing packages),
-it occurred to me that we could just divert the programs away, replace
-them with a simple shell wrapper calling
-"eatmydata&nbsp;$program&nbsp;$@", to get the same effect.
-Two days ago I decided to test the idea, and wrapped up a simple
-implementation for the Debian Edu udeb.</p>
-
-<p>The effect was stunning. In my first test it reduced the running
-time of the pkgsel step (installing tasks) from 64 to less than 44
-minutes (20 minutes shaved off the installation) on an old Dell
-Latitude D505 machine. I am not quite sure what the optimised time
-would have been, as I messed up the testing a bit, causing the debconf
-priority to get low enough for two questions to pop up during
-installation. As soon as I saw the questions I moved the installation
-along, but do not know how long the question were holding up the
-installation. I did some more measurements using Debian Edu Jessie,
-and got these results. The time measured is the time stamp in
-/var/log/syslog between the "pkgsel: starting tasksel" and the
-"pkgsel: finishing up" lines, if you want to do the same measurement
-yourself. In Debian Edu, the tasksel dialog do not show up, and the
-timing thus do not depend on how quickly the user handle the tasksel
-dialog.</p>
-
-<p><table>
-
-<tr>
-<th>Machine/setup</th>
-<th>Original tasksel</th>
-<th>Optimised tasksel</th>
-<th>Reduction</th>
-</tr>
-
-<tr>
-<td>Latitude D505 Main+LTSP LXDE</td>
-<td>64 min (07:46-08:50)</td>
-<td><44 min (11:27-12:11)</td>
-<td>>20 min 18%</td>
-</tr>
-
-<tr>
-<td>Latitude D505 Roaming LXDE</td>
-<td>57 min (08:48-09:45)</td>
-<td>34 min (07:43-08:17)</td>
-<td>23 min 40%</td>
-</tr>
-
-<tr>
-<td>Latitude D505 Minimal</td>
-<td>22 min (10:37-10:59)</td>
-<td>11 min (11:16-11:27)</td>
-<td>11 min 50%</td>
-</tr>
-
-<tr>
-<td>Thinkpad X200 Minimal</td>
-<td>6 min (08:19-08:25)</td>
-<td>4 min (08:04-08:08)</td>
-<td>2 min 33%</td>
-</tr>
-
-<tr>
-<td>Thinkpad X200 Roaming KDE</td>
-<td>19 min (09:21-09:40)</td>
-<td>15 min (10:25-10:40)</td>
-<td>4 min 21%</td>
-</tr>
-
-</table></p>
-
-<p>The test is done using a netinst ISO on a USB stick, so some of the
-time is spent downloading packages. The connection to the Internet
-was 100Mbit/s during testing, so downloading should not be a
-significant factor in the measurement. Download typically took a few
-seconds to a few minutes, depending on the amount of packages being
-installed.</p>
-
-<p>The speedup is implemented by using two hooks in
-<a href="https://www.debian.org/devel/debian-installer/">Debian
-Installer</a>, the pre-pkgsel.d hook to set up the diverts, and the
-finish-install.d hook to remove the divert at the end of the
-installation. I picked the pre-pkgsel.d hook instead of the
-post-base-installer.d hook because I test using an ISO without the
-eatmydata package included, and the post-base-installer.d hook in
-Debian Edu can only operate on packages included in the ISO. The
-negative effect of this is that I am unable to activate this
-optimization for the kernel installation step in d-i. If the code is
-moved to the post-base-installer.d hook, the speedup would be larger
-for the entire installation.</p>
-
-<p>I've implemented this in the
-<a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/debian-edu-install">debian-edu-install</a>
-git repository, and plan to provide the optimization as part of the
-Debian Edu installation. If you want to test this yourself, you can
-create two files in the installer (or in an udeb). One shell script
-need do go into /usr/lib/pre-pkgsel.d/, with content like this:</p>
-
-<p><blockquote><pre>
-#!/bin/sh
-set -e
-. /usr/share/debconf/confmodule
-info() {
- logger -t my-pkgsel "info: $*"
-}
-error() {
- logger -t my-pkgsel "error: $*"
-}
-override_install() {
- apt-install eatmydata || true
- if [ -x /target/usr/bin/eatmydata ] ; then
- for bin in dpkg apt-get aptitude tasksel ; do
- file=/usr/bin/$bin
- # Test that the file exist and have not been diverted already.
- if [ -f /target$file ] ; then
- info "diverting $file using eatmydata"
- printf "#!/bin/sh\neatmydata $bin.distrib \"\$@\"\n" \
- > /target$file.edu
- chmod 755 /target$file.edu
- in-target dpkg-divert --package debian-edu-config \
- --rename --quiet --add $file
- ln -sf ./$bin.edu /target$file
- else
- error "unable to divert $file, as it is missing."
- fi
- done
- else
- error "unable to find /usr/bin/eatmydata after installing the eatmydata pacage"
- fi
-}
-
-override_install
-</pre></blockquote></p>
-
-<p>To clean up, another shell script should go into
-/usr/lib/finish-install.d/ with code like this:
-
-<p><blockquote><pre>
-#! /bin/sh -e
-. /usr/share/debconf/confmodule
-error() {
- logger -t my-finish-install "error: $@"
-}
-remove_install_override() {
- for bin in dpkg apt-get aptitude tasksel ; do
- file=/usr/bin/$bin
- if [ -x /target$file.edu ] ; then
- rm /target$file
- in-target dpkg-divert --package debian-edu-config \
- --rename --quiet --remove $file
- rm /target$file.edu
- else
- error "Missing divert for $file."
- fi
- done
- sync # Flush file buffers before continuing
-}
-
-remove_install_override
-</pre></blockquote></p>
-
-<p>In Debian Edu, I placed both code fragments in a separate script
-edu-eatmydata-install and call it from the pre-pkgsel.d and
-finish-install.d scripts.</p>
-
-<p>By now you might ask if this change should get into the normal
-Debian installer too? I suspect it should, but am not sure the
-current debian-installer coordinators find it useful enough. It also
-depend on the side effects of the change. I'm not aware of any, but I
-guess we will see if the change is safe after some more testing.
-Perhaps there is some package in Debian depending on sync() and
-fsync() having effect? Perhaps it should go into its own udeb, to
-allow those of us wanting to enable it to do so without affecting
-everyone.</p>
-
-<p>Update 2014-09-24: Since a few days ago, enabling this optimization
-will break installation of all programs using gnutls because of
-<a href="https://bugs.debian.org/702711">bug #702711</a>. An updated
-eatmydata package in Debian will solve it.</p>
-
-<p>Update 2014-10-17: The bug mentioned above is fixed in testing and
-the optimization work again. And I have discovered that the
-dpkg-divert trick is not really needed and implemented a slightly
-simpler approach as part of the debian-edu-install package. See
-tools/edu-eatmydata-install in the source package.</p>
+ <title>Detect OOXML files with undefined behaviour?</title>
+ <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Detect_OOXML_files_with_undefined_behaviour_.html</link>
+ <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Detect_OOXML_files_with_undefined_behaviour_.html</guid>
+ <pubDate>Tue, 21 Feb 2017 00:20:00 +0100</pubDate>
+ <description><p>I just noticed
+<a href="http://www.arkivrad.no/aktuelt/riksarkivarens-forskrift-pa-horing">the
+new Norwegian proposal for archiving rules in the goverment</a> list
+<a href="http://www.ecma-international.org/publications/standards/Ecma-376.htm">ECMA-376</a>
+/ ISO/IEC 29500 (aka OOXML) as valid formats to put in long term
+storage. Luckily such files will only be accepted based on
+pre-approval from the National Archive. Allowing OOXML files to be
+used for long term storage might seem like a good idea as long as we
+forget that there are plenty of ways for a "valid" OOXML document to
+have content with no defined interpretation in the standard, which
+lead to a question and an idea.</p>
+
+<p>Is there any tool to detect if a OOXML document depend on such
+undefined behaviour? It would be useful for the National Archive (and
+anyone else interested in verifying that a document is well defined)
+to have such tool available when considering to approve the use of
+OOXML. I'm aware of the
+<a href="https://github.com/arlm/officeotron/">officeotron OOXML
+validator</a>, but do not know how complete it is nor if it will
+report use of undefined behaviour. Are there other similar tools
+available? Please send me an email if you know of any such tool.</p>
</description>
</item>
projects / homepage.git / blobdiff