- <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Mike_Gabriel.html">Debian Edu interview: Mike Gabriel</a></div>
- <div class="date"> 2nd June 2012</div>
- <div class="body"><p>Back in 2010, Mike Gabriel showed up on the
-<a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
-mailing list. He quickly proved to be a valuable developer, and
-thanks to his tireless effort we now have Kerberos integrated into the
-<a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
-Squeeze</a> version.</p>
-
-<p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
-
-<p>My name is Mike Gabriel, I am 38 years old and live near Kiel,
-Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. I live together with a wonderful partner
-(Angela Fuß) and two own children and two bonus children (contributed
-by Angela).</p>
-
-<p>During the day I am part-time employed as a system administrator
-and part-time working as an IT consultant. The consultancy work
-touches free software topics wherever and whenever possible. During
-the nights I am a free software developer. In the gaps I also train in
-becoming an osteopath.</p>
-
-<p>Starting in 2010 we (Andreas Buchholz, Angela Fuß, Mike Gabriel)
-have set up a free software project in the area of Kiel that aims at
-introducing free software into schools. The project's name is
-"IT-Zukunft Schule" (IT future for schools). The project links IT
-skills with communication skills.</p>
-
-<p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
-project?</strong></p>
-
-<p>While preparing our own customised Linux distribution for
-"IT-Zukunft Schule" we were repeatedly asked if we really wanted to
-reinvent the wheel. What schools really need is already available,
-people said. From this impulse we started evaluating other Linux
-distributions that target being used for school networks.</p>
-
-<p>At the end we short-listed two approaches and compared them: a
-commercial Linux distribution developed by a company in Bremen,
-Germany, and Skolelinux / Debian Edu. Between 12/2010 and 03/2011 we
-went to several events and met people being responsible for marketing
-and development of either of the distributions. Skolelinux / Debian
-Edu was by far much more convincing compared to the other product that
-got short-listed beforehand--across the full spectrum. What was most
-attractive for me personally: the perspective of collaboration within
-the developmental branch of the Debian Edu project itself.</p>
-
-<p>In parallel with this, we talked to many local and not-so-local
-people. People teaching at schools, headmasters, politicians, data
-protection experts, other IT professionals.</p>
-
-<p>We came to two conclusions:</p>
-
-<p>First, a technical conclusion: What schools need is available in
-bits and pieces here and there, and none of the solutions really fit
-by 100%. Any school we have seen has a very individual IT setup
-whereas most of each school's requirements could mapped by a standard
-IT solution. The requirement to this IT solution is flexibility and
-customisability, so that individual adaptations here and there are
-possible. In terms of re-distributing and rolling out such a
-standardised IT system for schools (a system that is still to some
-degree customisable) there is still a lot of work to do here
-locally. Debian Edu / Skolelinux has been our choice as the starting
-point.</p>
-
-<p>Second, a holistic conclusion: What schools need does not exist at
-all (or we missed it so far). There are several technical solutions
-for handling IT at schools that tend to make a good impression. What
-has been missing completely here in Germany, though, is the enrolment
-of people into using IT and teaching with IT. "IT-Zukunft Schule"
-tries to provide an approach for this.</p>
-
-<p>Only some schools have some sort of a media concept which explains,
-defines and gives guidance on how to use IT in class. Most schools in
-Northern Germany do not have an IT service provider, the school's IT
-equipment is managed by one or (if the school is lucky) two (admin)
-teachers, most of the workload these admin teachers get done in there
-spare time.</p>
-
-<p>We were surprised that only a very few admin teachers were
-networked with colleagues from other schools. Basically, every school
-here around has its individual approach of providing IT equipment to
-teachers and students and the exchange of ideas has been quasi
-non-existent until 2010/2011.</p>
-
-<p>Quite some (non-admin) teachers try to avoid using IT technology in
-class as a learning medium completely. Several reasons for this
-avoidance do exist.</p>
-
-<p>We discovered that no-one has ever taken a closer look at this
-social part of IT management in schools, so far. On our quest journey
-for a technical IT solution for schools, we discussed this issue with
-several teachers, headmasters, politicians, other IT professionals and
-they all confirmed: a holistic approach of considering IT management
-at schools, an approach that includes the people in place, will be new
-and probably a gain for all.</p>
-
-<p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
-Edu?</strong></p>
-
-<p>There is a list of advantages: international context, openness to
-any kind of contributions, do-ocracy policy, the closeness to Debian,
-the different installation scenarios possible (from stand-alone
-workstation to complex multi-server sites), the transparency within
-project communication, honest communication within the group of
-developers, etc.</p>
-
-<p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
-Edu?</strong></p>
-
-<p>Every coin has two sides:</p>
-
-<p>Technically: <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/311188">BTS issue
-#311188</a>, tricky upgradability of a Debian Edu main server, network
-client installations on top of a plain vanilla Debian installation
-should become possible sometime in the near future, one could think
-about splitting the very complex package debian-edu-config into
-several portions (to make it easier for new developers to
-contribute).</p>
-
-<p>Another issue I see is that we (as Debian Edu developers) should
-find out more about the network of people who do the marketing for
-Debian Edu / Skolelinux. There is a very active group in Germany
-promoting Skolelinux on the bigger Linux Days within Germany. Are
-there other groups like that in other countries? How can we bring
-these marketing people together (marketing group A with group B and
-all of them with the group of Debian Edu developers)? During the last
-meeting of the German Skolelinux group, I got the impression of people
-there being rather disconnected from the development department of
-Debian Edu / Skolelinux.</p>
-
-<p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
-
-<p>For my daily business, I do not use commercial software at all.</p>
-
-<p>For normal stuff I use Iceweasel/Firefox, Libreoffice.org. For
-serious text writing I prefer LaTeX. I use gimp, inkscape, scribus for
-more artistic tasks. I run virtual machines in KVM and Virtualbox.</p>
-
-<p>I am one of the upstream developers of X2Go. In 2010 I started the
-development of a Python based X2Go Client, called PyHoca-GUI.
-PyHoca-GUI has brought forth a Python X2Go Client API that currently
-is being integrated in Ubuntu's software center.</p>
-
-<p>For communications I have my own Kolab server running using Horde
-as web-based groupware client. For IRC I love to use irssi, for Jabber
-I have several clients that I use, mostly pidgin, though. I am also
-the Debian maintainer of Coccinella, a Jabber-based interactive
-whiteboard.</p>
-
-<p>My favourite terminal emulator is KDE's Yakuake.</p>
-
-<p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
-get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
-
-<p>Communicate, communicate, communicate. Enrol people, enrol people,
-enrol people.</p>
+ <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Trenger_en_avtale_med_MPEG_LA_for___publisere_og_kringkaste_H_264_video_.html">Trenger en avtale med MPEG-LA for å publisere og kringkaste H.264-video?</a></div>
+ <div class="date">21st June 2012</div>
+ <div class="body"><p>Trengs det avtale med MPEG-LA for å ha lovlig rett til å
+distribuere og kringkaste video i MPEG4 eller med videokodingen H.264?
+<a href="http://webmink.com/essays/h-264/">H.264 og MPEG4 er jo ikke en
+fri og åpen standard</a> i henhold til
+<a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fri_og__pen_standard__slik_Digistan_ser_det.html">definisjonen
+til Digistan</a>, så i enkelte land er det ingen tvil om at du må ha
+en slik avtale, men jeg må innrømme at jeg ikke vet om det også
+gjelder Norge. Det ser uansett ut til å være en juridisk interessant
+problemstilling. Men jeg tenkte her om dagen som så, at hvis det er
+nødvendig, så har store aktører som
+<a href="http://www.nrk.no/">NRK</a> og
+<a href="http://www.regjeringen.no/">regjeringen</a> skaffet seg en
+slik avtale. Jeg har derfor sendt forespørsel til begge (for
+regjeringen sin del er det Departementenes Servicesenter som gjør
+jobben), og bedt om kopi av eventuelle avtaler de har om bruk av MPEG
+og/eller H.264 med MPEG-LA eller andre aktører som opererer på vegne
+av MPEG-LA. Her er kopi av eposten jeg har sendt til
+<a href="http://www.dss.dep.no/">Departementenes Servicesenter</a>.
+Forespørselen til NRK er veldig lik.</p>
+
+<p><blockquote>
+
+<p>Date: Tue, 19 Jun 2012 15:18:33 +0200
+<br>From: Petter Reinholdtsen
+<br>To: postmottak@dss.dep.no
+<br>Subject: Innsynsbegjæring om MPEG/H.264-relaterte avtaler
+
+<p>Hei. Jeg ber herved om innsyn og kopi av dokumenter i DSS relatert
+til avtaler rundt bruk av videoformatene MPEG og H.264. Jeg er
+spesielt interessert i å vite om DSS har lisensavtale med MPEG-LA
+eller noen som representerer MPEG-LA i Norge.</p>
+
+<p>MPEG og H.264 er videoformater som brukes både til kringkasting
+(f.eks. i bakkenett og kabel-TV) og videopublisering på web, deriblant
+via Adobe Flash. MPEG-LA, <URL:
+<a href="http://www.mpeg-la.com/">http://www.mpeg-la.com/</a> >, er
+en organisasjon som har fått oppgaven, av de kjente rettighetshavere
+av immaterielle rettigheter knyttet til MPEG og H.264, å selge
+bruksrett for MPEG og H.264.</p>
+
+<p>Via regjeringen.no kringkastes med MPEG og H.264-baserte
+videoformater, og dette ser ut til å være organisert av DSS. Jeg
+antar dermed at DSS har avtale med en eller annen aktør om dette.</p>
+
+<p>F.eks. har Adobe Premiere Pro har følgende klausul i følge <URL:
+<a href="http://news.cnet.com/8301-30685_3-20000101-264.html">http://news.cnet.com/8301-30685_3-20000101-264.html</a>
+>:</p>
+
+<p><blockquote>
+
+ <p>6.17. AVC DISTRIBUTION. The following notice applies to software
+ containing AVC import and export functionality: THIS PRODUCT IS
+ LICENSED UNDER THE AVC PATENT PORTFOLIO LICENSE FOR THE PERSONAL AND
+ NON-COMMERCIAL USE OF A CONSUMER TO (a) ENCODE VIDEO IN COMPLIANCE
+ WITH THE AVC STANDARD ("AVC VIDEO") AND/OR (b) DECODE AVC VIDEO THAT
+ WAS ENCODED BY A CONSUMER ENGAGED IN A PERSONAL AND NON-COMMERCIAL
+ ACTIVITY AND/OR AVC VIDEO THAT WAS OBTAINED FROM A VIDEO PROVIDER
+ LICENSED TO PROVIDE AVC VIDEO. NO LICENSE IS GRANTED OR SHALL BE
+ IMPLIED FOR ANY OTHER USE. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION MAY BE OBTAINED
+ FROM MPEG LA L.L.C. SEE
+ <a href="http://www.mpegla.com">http://www.mpegla.com</a>.</p>
+
+</blockquote></p>
+
+<p>Her er det kun "non-commercial" og "personal and non-commercial"
+aktivitet som er tillatt uten ekstra avtale med MPEG-LA.</p>
+
+<p>Et annet tilsvarende eksempel er Apple Final Cut Pro, som har
+følgende klausul i følge <URL:
+<a href="http://images.apple.com/legal/sla/docs/finalcutstudio2.pdf">http://images.apple.com/legal/sla/docs/finalcutstudio2.pdf</a>
+>:</p>
+
+<p><blockquote>
+
+ <p>15. Merknad om H.264/AVC. Hvis Apple-programvaren inneholder
+ funksjonalitet for AVC-koding og/eller AVC-dekoding, krever
+ kommersiell bruk ekstra lisensiering og følgende gjelder:
+ AVC-FUNKSJONALITETEN I DETTE PRODUKTET KAN KUN ANVENDES AV
+ FORBRUKERE OG KUN FOR PERSONLIG OG IKKE- KOMMERSIELL BRUK TIL (i)
+ KODING AV VIDEO I OVERENSSTEMMELSE MED AVC-STANDARDEN ("AVC-VIDEO")
+ OG/ELLER (ii) DEKODING AV AVC-VIDEO SOM ER KODET AV EN FORBRUKER TIL
+ PERSONLIG OG IKKE-KOMMERSIELL BRUK OG/ELLER DEKODING AV AVC-VIDEO
+ FRA EN VIDEOLEVERANDØR SOM HAR LISENS TIL Å TILBY
+ AVC-VIDEO. INFORMASJON OM ANNEN BRUK OG LISENSIERING KAN INNHENTES
+ FRA MPEG LA L.L.C. SE HTTP://WWW.MPEGLA.COM.</p>
+</blockquote></p>
+
+<p>Tilsvarende gjelder for andre programvarepakker, kamera, etc som
+bruker MPEG og H.264, at en må ha en avtale med MPEG-LA for å ha lov
+til å bruke programmet/utstyret hvis en skal lage noe annet enn
+private filmer og i ikke-kommersiell virksomhet.</p>
+
+<p>Jeg er altså interessert i kopi av avtaler DSS har som gjør at en
+ikke er begrenset av de generelle bruksvilkårene som gjelder for
+utstyr som bruker MPEG og/eller H.264.</p>
+</blockquote></p>
+
+<p>Nå venter jeg spent på svaret. Jeg planlegger å blogge om svaret
+her.</p>
projects / homepage.git / blobdiff