+ <div class="entry">
+ <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/New_lsdvd_release_version_0_17_is_ready.html">New lsdvd release version 0.17 is ready</a></div>
+ <div class="date"> 4th October 2014</div>
+ <div class="body"><p>The <a href="https://sourceforge.net/p/lsdvd/">lsdvd project</a>
+got a new set of developers a few weeks ago, after the original
+developer decided to step down and pass the project to fresh blood.
+This project is now maintained by Petter Reinholdtsen and Steve
+Dibb.</p>
+
+<p>I just wrapped up
+<a href="https://sourceforge.net/p/lsdvd/mailman/message/32896061/">a
+new lsdvd release</a>, available in git or from
+<a href="https://sourceforge.net/projects/lsdvd/files/lsdvd/">the
+download page</a>. This is the changelog dated 2014-10-03 for version
+0.17.</p>
+
+<ul>
+
+ <li>Ignore 'phantom' audio, subtitle tracks</li>
+ <li>Check for garbage in the program chains, which indicate that a track is
+ non-existant, to work around additional copy protection</li>
+ <li>Fix displaying content type for audio tracks, subtitles</li>
+ <li>Fix pallete display of first entry</li>
+ <li>Fix include orders</li>
+ <li>Ignore read errors in titles that would not be displayed anyway</li>
+ <li>Fix the chapter count</li>
+ <li>Make sure the array size and the array limit used when initialising
+ the palette size is the same.</li>
+ <li>Fix array printing.</li>
+ <li>Correct subsecond calculations.</li>
+ <li>Add sector information to the output format.</li>
+ <li>Clean up code to be closer to ANSI C and compile without warnings
+ with more GCC compiler warnings.</li>
+
+</ul>
+
+<p>This change bring together patches for lsdvd in use in various
+Linux and Unix distributions, as well as patches submitted to the
+project the last nine years. Please check it out. :)</p>
+</div>
+ <div class="tags">
+
+
+ Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lsdvd">lsdvd</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>.
+
+
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="padding"></div>
+
+ <div class="entry">
+ <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_test_Debian_Edu_Jessie_despite_some_fatal_problems_with_the_installer.html">How to test Debian Edu Jessie despite some fatal problems with the installer</a></div>
+ <div class="date">26th September 2014</div>
+ <div class="body"><p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
+project</a> provide a Linux solution for schools, including a
+powerful desktop with education software, a central server providing
+web pages, user database, user home directories, central login and PXE
+boot of both clients without disk and the installation to install Debian
+Edu on machines with disk (and a few other services perhaps to small
+to mention here). We in the Debian Edu team are currently working on
+the Jessie based version, trying to get everything in shape before the
+freeze, to avoid having to maintain our own package repository in the
+future. The
+<a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie">current
+status</a> can be seen on the Debian wiki, and there is still heaps of
+work left. Some fatal problems block testing, breaking the installer,
+but it is possible to work around these to get anyway. Here is a
+recipe on how to get the installation limping along.</p>
+
+<p>First, download the test ISO via
+<a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.no/cd-edu-testing-nolocal-netinst/debian-edu-amd64-i386-NETINST-1.iso">ftp</a>,
+<a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.no/cd-edu-testing-nolocal-netinst/debian-edu-amd64-i386-NETINST-1.iso">http</a>
+or rsync (use
+ftp.skolelinux.org::cd-edu-testing-nolocal-netinst/debian-edu-amd64-i386-NETINST-1.iso).
+The ISO build was broken on Tuesday, so we do not get a new ISO every
+12 hours or so, but thankfully the ISO we already got we are able to
+install with some tweaking.</p>
+
+<p>When you get to the Debian Edu profile question, go to tty2
+(use Alt-Ctrl-F2), run</p>
+
+<p><blockquote><pre>
+nano /usr/bin/edu-eatmydata-install
+</pre></blockquote></p>
+
+<p>and add 'exit 0' as the second line, disabling the eatmydata
+optimization. Return to the installation, select the profile you want
+and continue. Without this change, exim4-config will fail to install
+due to a known bug in eatmydata.</p>
+
+<p>When you get the grub question at the end, answer /dev/sda (or if
+this do not work, figure out what your correct value would be. All my
+test machines need /dev/sda, so I have no advice if it do not fit
+your need.</p>
+
+<p>If you installed a profile including a graphical desktop, log in as
+root after the initial boot from hard drive, and install the
+education-desktop-XXX metapackage. XXX can be kde, gnome, lxde, xfce
+or mate. If you want several desktop options, install more than one
+metapackage. Once this is done, reboot and you should have a working
+graphical login screen. This workaround should no longer be needed
+once the education-tasks package version 1.801 enter testing in two
+days.</p>
+
+<p>I believe the ISO build will start working on two days when the new
+tasksel package enter testing and Steve McIntyre get a chance to
+update the debian-cd git repository. The eatmydata, grub and desktop
+issues are already fixed in unstable and testing, and should show up
+on the ISO as soon as the ISO build start working again. Well the
+eatmydata optimization is really just disabled. The proper fix
+require an upload by the eatmydata maintainer applying the patch
+provided in bug <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/702711">#702711</a>.
+The rest have proper fixes in unstable.</p>
+
+<p>I hope this get you going with the installation testing, as we are
+quickly running out of time trying to get our Jessie based
+installation ready before the distribution freeze in a month.</p>
+</div>
+ <div class="tags">
+
+
+ Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
+
+
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="padding"></div>
+
+ <div class="entry">
+ <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Suddenly_I_am_the_new_upstream_of_the_lsdvd_command_line_tool.html">Suddenly I am the new upstream of the lsdvd command line tool</a></div>
+ <div class="date">25th September 2014</div>
+ <div class="body"><p>I use the <a href="https://sourceforge.net/p/lsdvd/">lsdvd tool</a>
+to handle my fairly large DVD collection. It is a nice command line
+tool to get details about a DVD, like title, tracks, track length,
+etc, in XML, Perl or human readable format. But lsdvd have not seen
+any new development since 2006 and had a few irritating bugs affecting
+its use with some DVDs. Upstream seemed to be dead, and in January I
+sent a small probe asking for a version control repository for the
+project, without any reply. But I use it regularly and would like to
+get <a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/lsdvd">an updated version
+into Debian</a>. So two weeks ago I tried harder to get in touch with
+the project admin, and after getting a reply from him explaining that
+he was no longer interested in the project, I asked if I could take
+over. And yesterday, I became project admin.</p>
+
+<p>I've been in touch with a Gentoo developer and the Debian
+maintainer interested in joining forces to maintain the upstream
+project, and I hope we can get a new release out fairly quickly,
+collecting the patches spread around on the internet into on place.
+I've added the relevant Debian patches to the freshly created git
+repository, and expect the Gentoo patches to make it too. If you got
+a DVD collection and care about command line tools, check out
+<a href="https://sourceforge.net/p/lsdvd/git/ci/master/tree/">the git source</a> and join
+<a href="https://sourceforge.net/p/lsdvd/mailman/">the project mailing
+list</a>. :)</p>
+</div>
+ <div class="tags">
+
+
+ Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lsdvd">lsdvd</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>.
+
+
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="padding"></div>
+
+ <div class="entry">
+ <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hva_henger_under_skibrua_over_E16_p__Sollih_gda_.html">Hva henger under skibrua over E16 på Sollihøgda?</a></div>
+ <div class="date">21st September 2014</div>
+ <div class="body"><p>Rundt omkring i Oslo og Østlandsområdet henger det bokser over
+veiene som jeg har lurt på hva gjør. De har ut fra plassering og
+vinkling sett ut som bokser som sniffer ut et eller annet fra
+forbipasserende trafikk, men det har vært uklart for meg hva det er de
+leser av. Her om dagen tok jeg bilde av en slik boks som henger under
+<a href="http://www.openstreetmap.no/?zoom=19&mlat=59.96396&mlon=10.34443&layers=B00000">ei
+skibru på Sollihøgda</a>:</p>
+
+<p align="center"><img width="60%" src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2014-09-13-kapsch-sollihogda-crop.jpeg"></p>
+
+<p>Boksen er tydelig merket «Kapsch >>>», logoen til
+<a href="http://www.kapsch.net/">det sveitsiske selskapet Kapsch</a> som
+blant annet lager sensorsystemer for veitrafikk. Men de lager mye
+forskjellig, og jeg kjente ikke igjen boksen på utseendet etter en
+kjapp titt på produktlista til selskapet.</p>
+
+<p>I og med at boksen henger over veien E16, en riksvei vedlikeholdt
+av Statens Vegvesen, så antok jeg at det burde være mulig å bruke
+REST-API-et som gir tilgang til vegvesenets database over veier,
+skilter og annet veirelatert til å finne ut hva i alle dager dette
+kunne være. De har både
+<a href="https://www.vegvesen.no/nvdb/api/dokumentasjon/datakatalog">en
+datakatalog</a> og
+<a href="https://www.vegvesen.no/nvdb/api/dokumentasjon/sok">et
+søk</a>, der en kan søke etter ulike typer oppføringer innen for et
+gitt geografisk område. Jeg laget et enkelt shell-script for å hente
+ut antall av en gitt type innenfor området skibrua dekker, og listet
+opp navnet på typene som ble funnet. Orket ikke slå opp hvordan
+URL-koding av aktuelle strenger kunne gjøres mer generisk, og brukte
+en stygg sed-linje i stedet.</p>
+
+<blockquote><pre>
+#!/bin/sh
+urlmap() {
+ sed \
+ -e 's/ / /g' -e 's/{/%7B/g' \
+ -e 's/}/%7D/g' -e 's/\[/%5B/g' \
+ -e 's/\]/%5D/g' -e 's/ /%20/g' \
+ -e 's/,/%2C/g' -e 's/\"/%22/g' \
+ -e 's/:/%3A/g'
+}
+
+lookup() {
+ url="$1"
+ curl -s -H 'Accept: application/vnd.vegvesen.nvdb-v1+xml' \
+ "https://www.vegvesen.no/nvdb/api$url" | xmllint --format -
+}
+
+for id in $(seq 1 874) ; do
+ search="{
+ lokasjon: {
+ bbox: \"10.34425,59.96386,10.34458,59.96409\",
+ srid: \"WGS84\"
+ },
+ objektTyper: [{
+ id: $id, antall: 10
+ }]
+}"
+
+ query=/sok?kriterie=$(echo $search | urlmap)
+ if lookup "$query" |
+ grep -q '<totaltAntallReturnert>0<'
+ then
+ :
+ else
+ echo $id
+ lookup "/datakatalog/objekttyper/$id" |grep '^ <navn>'
+ fi
+done
+
+exit 0
+</pre></blockquote>
+
+Aktuelt ID-område 1-874 var riktig i datakatalogen da jeg laget
+scriptet. Det vil endre seg over tid. Skriptet listet så opp
+aktuelle typer i og rundt skibrua:
+
+<blockquote><pre>
+5
+ <navn>Rekkverk</navn>
+14
+ <navn>Rekkverksende</navn>
+47
+ <navn>Trafikklomme</navn>
+49
+ <navn>Trafikkøy</navn>
+60
+ <navn>Bru</navn>
+79
+ <navn>Stikkrenne/Kulvert</navn>
+80
+ <navn>Grøft, åpen</navn>
+86
+ <navn>Belysningsstrekning</navn>
+95
+ <navn>Skiltpunkt</navn>
+96
+ <navn>Skiltplate</navn>
+98
+ <navn>Referansestolpe</navn>
+99
+ <navn>Vegoppmerking, langsgående</navn>
+105
+ <navn>Fartsgrense</navn>
+106
+ <navn>Vinterdriftsstrategi</navn>
+172
+ <navn>Trafikkdeler</navn>
+241
+ <navn>Vegdekke</navn>
+293
+ <navn>Breddemåling</navn>
+301
+ <navn>Kantklippareal</navn>
+318
+ <navn>Snø-/isrydding</navn>
+445
+ <navn>Skred</navn>
+446
+ <navn>Dokumentasjon</navn>
+452
+ <navn>Undergang</navn>
+528
+ <navn>Tverrprofil</navn>
+532
+ <navn>Vegreferanse</navn>
+534
+ <navn>Region</navn>
+535
+ <navn>Fylke</navn>
+536
+ <navn>Kommune</navn>
+538
+ <navn>Gate</navn>
+539
+ <navn>Transportlenke</navn>
+540
+ <navn>Trafikkmengde</navn>
+570
+ <navn>Trafikkulykke</navn>
+571
+ <navn>Ulykkesinvolvert enhet</navn>
+572
+ <navn>Ulykkesinvolvert person</navn>
+579
+ <navn>Politidistrikt</navn>
+583
+ <navn>Vegbredde</navn>
+591
+ <navn>Høydebegrensning</navn>
+592
+ <navn>Nedbøyningsmåling</navn>
+597
+ <navn>Støy-luft, Strekningsdata</navn>
+601
+ <navn>Oppgravingsdata</navn>
+602
+ <navn>Oppgravingslag</navn>
+603
+ <navn>PMS-parsell</navn>
+604
+ <navn>Vegnormalstrekning</navn>
+605
+ <navn>Værrelatert strekning</navn>
+616
+ <navn>Feltstrekning</navn>
+617
+ <navn>Adressepunkt</navn>
+626
+ <navn>Friksjonsmåleserie</navn>
+629
+ <navn>Vegdekke, flatelapping</navn>
+639
+ <navn>Kurvatur, horisontalelement</navn>
+640
+ <navn>Kurvatur, vertikalelement</navn>
+642
+ <navn>Kurvatur, vertikalpunkt</navn>
+643
+ <navn>Statistikk, trafikkmengde</navn>
+647
+ <navn>Statistikk, vegbredde</navn>
+774
+ <navn>Nedbøyningsmåleserie</navn>
+775
+ <navn>ATK, influensstrekning</navn>
+794
+ <navn>Systemobjekt</navn>
+810
+ <navn>Vinterdriftsklasse</navn>
+821
+ <navn>Funksjonell vegklasse</navn>
+825
+ <navn>Kurvatur, stigning</navn>
+838
+ <navn>Vegbredde, beregnet</navn>
+862
+ <navn>Reisetidsregistreringspunkt</navn>
+871
+ <navn>Bruksklasse</navn>
+</pre></blockquote>
+
+<p>Av disse ser ID 775 og 862 mest relevant ut. ID 775 antar jeg
+refererer til fotoboksen som står like ved brua, mens
+«Reisetidsregistreringspunkt» kanskje kan være boksen som henger der.
+Hvordan finner jeg så ut hva dette kan være for noe. En titt på
+<a href="http://labs.vegdata.no/nvdb-datakatalog/862-Reisetidsregistreringspunkt/">datakatalogsiden
+for ID 862/Reisetidsregistreringspunkt</a> viser at det er finnes 53
+slike målere i Norge, og hvor de er plassert, men gir ellers få
+detaljer. Det er plassert 40 på østlandet og 13 i Trondheimsregionen.
+Men siden nevner «AutoPASS», og hvis en slår opp oppføringen på
+Sollihøgda nevner den «Ciber AS» som ID for eksternt system. (Kan det
+være snakk om
+<a href="http://www.proff.no/selskap/ciber-norge-as/oslo/internettdesign-og-programmering/Z0I3KMF4/">Ciber
+Norge AS</a>, et selskap eid av Ciber Europe Bv?) Et nettsøk på
+ «Ciber AS autopass» fører meg til en artikkel fra NRK Trøndelag i
+ 2013 med tittel
+«<a href="http://www.nrk.no/trondelag/sjekk-dette-hvis-du-vil-unnga-ko-1.11327947">Sjekk
+dette hvis du vil unngå kø</a>». Artikkelen henviser til vegvesenets
+nettside
+<a href="http://www.reisetider.no/reisetid/forside.html">reisetider.no</a>
+som har en
+<a href="http://www.reisetider.no/reisetid/omrade.html?omrade=5">kartside
+for Østlandet</a> som viser at det måles mellom Sandvika og Sollihøgda.
+Det kan dermed se ut til at jeg har funnet ut hva boksene gjør.</p>
+
+<p>Hvis det stemmer, så er dette bokser som leser av AutoPASS-ID-en
+til alle passerende biler med AutoPASS-brikke, og dermed gjør det mulig
+for de som kontrollerer boksene å holde rede på hvor en gitt bil er
+når den passerte et slikt målepunkt. NRK-artikkelen forteller at
+denne informasjonen i dag kun brukes til å koble to
+AutoPASS-brikkepasseringer passeringer sammen for å beregne
+reisetiden, og at bruken er godkjent av Datatilsynet. Det er desverre
+ikke mulig for en sjåfør som passerer under en slik boks å kontrollere
+at AutoPASS-ID-en kun brukes til dette i dag og i fremtiden.</p>
+
+<p>I tillegg til denne type AutoPASS-sniffere vet jeg at det også
+finnes mange automatiske stasjoner som tar betalt pr. passering (aka
+bomstasjoner), og der lagres informasjon om tid, sted og bilnummer i
+10 år. Finnes det andre slike sniffere plassert ut på veiene?</p>
+
+<p>Personlig har jeg valgt å ikke bruke AutoPASS-brikke, for å gjøre
+det vanskeligere og mer kostbart for de som vil invadere privatsfæren
+og holde rede på hvor bilen min beveger seg til enhver tid. Jeg håper
+flere vil gjøre det samme, selv om det gir litt høyere private
+utgifter (dyrere bompassering). Vern om privatsfæren koster i disse
+dager.</p>
+
+<p>Takk til Jan Kristian Jensen i Statens Vegvesen for tips om
+dokumentasjon på vegvesenets REST-API.</p>
+</div>
+ <div class="tags">
+
+
+ Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kart">kart</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rfid">rfid</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance</a>.
+
+
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="padding"></div>
+
+ <div class="entry">
+ <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Speeding_up_the_Debian_installer_using_eatmydata_and_dpkg_divert.html">Speeding up the Debian installer using eatmydata and dpkg-divert</a></div>
+ <div class="date">16th September 2014</div>
+ <div class="body"><p>The <a href="https://www.debian.org/">Debian</a> installer could be
+a lot quicker. When we install more than 2000 packages in
+<a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a> using
+tasksel in the installer, unpacking the binary packages take forever.
+A part of the slow I/O issue was discussed in
+<a href="https://bugs.debian.org/613428">bug #613428</a> about too
+much file system sync-ing done by dpkg, which is the package
+responsible for unpacking the binary packages. Other parts (like code
+executed by postinst scripts) might also sync to disk during
+installation. All this sync-ing to disk do not really make sense to
+me. If the machine crash half-way through, I start over, I do not try
+to salvage the half installed system. So the failure sync-ing is
+supposed to protect against, hardware or system crash, is not really
+relevant while the installer is running.</p>
+
+<p>A few days ago, I thought of a way to get rid of all the file
+system sync()-ing in a fairly non-intrusive way, without the need to
+change the code in several packages. The idea is not new, but I have
+not heard anyone propose the approach using dpkg-divert before. It
+depend on the small and clever package
+<a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/eatmydata">eatmydata</a>, which
+uses LD_PRELOAD to replace the system functions for syncing data to
+disk with functions doing nothing, thus allowing programs to live
+dangerous while speeding up disk I/O significantly. Instead of
+modifying the implementation of dpkg, apt and tasksel (which are the
+packages responsible for selecting, fetching and installing packages),
+it occurred to me that we could just divert the programs away, replace
+them with a simple shell wrapper calling
+"eatmydata $program $@", to get the same effect.
+Two days ago I decided to test the idea, and wrapped up a simple
+implementation for the Debian Edu udeb.</p>
+
+<p>The effect was stunning. In my first test it reduced the running
+time of the pkgsel step (installing tasks) from 64 to less than 44
+minutes (20 minutes shaved off the installation) on an old Dell
+Latitude D505 machine. I am not quite sure what the optimised time
+would have been, as I messed up the testing a bit, causing the debconf
+priority to get low enough for two questions to pop up during
+installation. As soon as I saw the questions I moved the installation
+along, but do not know how long the question were holding up the
+installation. I did some more measurements using Debian Edu Jessie,
+and got these results. The time measured is the time stamp in
+/var/log/syslog between the "pkgsel: starting tasksel" and the
+"pkgsel: finishing up" lines, if you want to do the same measurement
+yourself. In Debian Edu, the tasksel dialog do not show up, and the
+timing thus do not depend on how quickly the user handle the tasksel
+dialog.</p>
+
+<p><table>
+
+<tr>
+<th>Machine/setup</th>
+<th>Original tasksel</th>
+<th>Optimised tasksel</th>
+<th>Reduction</th>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>Latitude D505 Main+LTSP LXDE</td>
+<td>64 min (07:46-08:50)</td>
+<td><44 min (11:27-12:11)</td>
+<td>>20 min 18%</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>Latitude D505 Roaming LXDE</td>
+<td>57 min (08:48-09:45)</td>
+<td>34 min (07:43-08:17)</td>
+<td>23 min 40%</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>Latitude D505 Minimal</td>
+<td>22 min (10:37-10:59)</td>
+<td>11 min (11:16-11:27)</td>
+<td>11 min 50%</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>Thinkpad X200 Minimal</td>
+<td>6 min (08:19-08:25)</td>
+<td>4 min (08:04-08:08)</td>
+<td>2 min 33%</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>Thinkpad X200 Roaming KDE</td>
+<td>19 min (09:21-09:40)</td>
+<td>15 min (10:25-10:40)</td>
+<td>4 min 21%</td>
+</tr>
+
+</table></p>
+
+<p>The test is done using a netinst ISO on a USB stick, so some of the
+time is spent downloading packages. The connection to the Internet
+was 100Mbit/s during testing, so downloading should not be a
+significant factor in the measurement. Download typically took a few
+seconds to a few minutes, depending on the amount of packages being
+installed.</p>
+
+<p>The speedup is implemented by using two hooks in
+<a href="https://www.debian.org/devel/debian-installer/">Debian
+Installer</a>, the pre-pkgsel.d hook to set up the diverts, and the
+finish-install.d hook to remove the divert at the end of the
+installation. I picked the pre-pkgsel.d hook instead of the
+post-base-installer.d hook because I test using an ISO without the
+eatmydata package included, and the post-base-installer.d hook in
+Debian Edu can only operate on packages included in the ISO. The
+negative effect of this is that I am unable to activate this
+optimization for the kernel installation step in d-i. If the code is
+moved to the post-base-installer.d hook, the speedup would be larger
+for the entire installation.</p>
+
+<p>I've implemented this in the
+<a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/debian-edu-install">debian-edu-install</a>
+git repository, and plan to provide the optimization as part of the
+Debian Edu installation. If you want to test this yourself, you can
+create two files in the installer (or in an udeb). One shell script
+need do go into /usr/lib/pre-pkgsel.d/, with content like this:</p>
+
+<p><blockquote><pre>
+#!/bin/sh
+set -e
+. /usr/share/debconf/confmodule
+info() {
+ logger -t my-pkgsel "info: $*"
+}
+error() {
+ logger -t my-pkgsel "error: $*"
+}
+override_install() {
+ apt-install eatmydata || true
+ if [ -x /target/usr/bin/eatmydata ] ; then
+ for bin in dpkg apt-get aptitude tasksel ; do
+ file=/usr/bin/$bin
+ # Test that the file exist and have not been diverted already.
+ if [ -f /target$file ] ; then
+ info "diverting $file using eatmydata"
+ printf "#!/bin/sh\neatmydata $bin.distrib \"\$@\"\n" \
+ > /target$file.edu
+ chmod 755 /target$file.edu
+ in-target dpkg-divert --package debian-edu-config \
+ --rename --quiet --add $file
+ ln -sf ./$bin.edu /target$file
+ else
+ error "unable to divert $file, as it is missing."
+ fi
+ done
+ else
+ error "unable to find /usr/bin/eatmydata after installing the eatmydata pacage"
+ fi
+}
+
+override_install
+</pre></blockquote></p>
+
+<p>To clean up, another shell script should go into
+/usr/lib/finish-install.d/ with code like this:
+
+<p><blockquote><pre>
+#! /bin/sh -e
+. /usr/share/debconf/confmodule
+error() {
+ logger -t my-finish-install "error: $@"
+}
+remove_install_override() {
+ for bin in dpkg apt-get aptitude tasksel ; do
+ file=/usr/bin/$bin
+ if [ -x /target$file.edu ] ; then
+ rm /target$file
+ in-target dpkg-divert --package debian-edu-config \
+ --rename --quiet --remove $file
+ rm /target$file.edu
+ else
+ error "Missing divert for $file."
+ fi
+ done
+ sync # Flush file buffers before continuing
+}
+
+remove_install_override
+</pre></blockquote></p>
+
+<p>In Debian Edu, I placed both code fragments in a separate script
+edu-eatmydata-install and call it from the pre-pkgsel.d and
+finish-install.d scripts.</p>
+
+<p>By now you might ask if this change should get into the normal
+Debian installer too? I suspect it should, but am not sure the
+current debian-installer coordinators find it useful enough. It also
+depend on the side effects of the change. I'm not aware of any, but I
+guess we will see if the change is safe after some more testing.
+Perhaps there is some package in Debian depending on sync() and
+fsync() having effect? Perhaps it should go into its own udeb, to
+allow those of us wanting to enable it to do so without affecting
+everyone.</p>
+
+<p>Update 2014-09-24: Since a few days ago, enabling this optimization
+will break installation of all programs using gnutls because of
+<a href="https://bugs.debian.org/702711">bug #702711. An updated
+eatmydata package in Debian will solve it.</p>
+</div>
+ <div class="tags">
+
+
+ Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
+
+
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="padding"></div>
+
<div class="entry">
<div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Good_bye_subkeys_pgp_net__welcome_pool_sks_keyservers_net.html">Good bye subkeys.pgp.net, welcome pool.sks-keyservers.net</a></div>
<div class="date">10th September 2014</div>
</div>
<div class="padding"></div>
- <div class="entry">
- <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/From_English_wiki_to_translated_PDF_and_epub_via_Docbook.html">From English wiki to translated PDF and epub via Docbook</a></div>
- <div class="date">17th June 2014</div>
- <div class="body"><p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
-project</a> provide an instruction manual for teachers, system
-administrators and other users that contain useful tips for setting up
-and maintaining a Debian Edu installation. This text is about how the
-text processing of this manual is handled in the project.</p>
-
-<p>One goal of the project is to provide information in the native
-language of its users, and for this we need to handle translations.
-But we also want to make sure each language contain the same
-information, so for this we need a good way to keep the translations
-in sync. And we want it to be easy for our users to improve the
-documentation, avoiding the need to learn special formats or tools to
-contribute, and the obvious way to do this is to make it possible to
-edit the documentation using a web browser. We also want it to be
-easy for translators to keep the translation up to date, and give them
-help in figuring out what need to be translated. Here is the list of
-tools and the process we have found trying to reach all these
-goals.</p>
-
-<p>We maintain the authoritative source of our manual in the
-<a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/">Debian
-wiki</a>, as several wiki pages written in English. It consist of one
-front page with references to the different chapters, several pages
-for each chapter, and finally one "collection page" gluing all the
-chapters together into one large web page (aka
-<a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/AllInOne">the
-AllInOne page</a>). The AllInOne page is the one used for further
-processing and translations. Thanks to the fact that the
-<a href="http://moinmo.in/">MoinMoin</a> installation on
-wiki.debian.org support exporting pages in
-<a href="http://www.docbook.org/">the Docbook format</a>, we can fetch
-the list of pages to export using the raw version of the AllInOne
-page, loop over each of them to generate a Docbook XML version of the
-manual. This process also download images and transform image
-references to use the locally downloaded images. The generated
-Docbook XML files are slightly broken, so some post-processing is done
-using the <tt>documentation/scripts/get_manual</tt> program, and the
-result is a nice Docbook XML file (debian-edu-wheezy-manual.xml) and
-a handfull of images. The XML file can now be used to generate PDF, HTML
-and epub versions of the English manual. This is the basic step of
-our process, making PDF (using dblatex), HTML (using xsltproc) and
-epub (using dbtoepub) version from Docbook XML, and the resulting files
-are placed in the debian-edu-doc-en binary package.</p>
-
-<p>But English documentation is not enough for us. We want translated
-documentation too, and we want to make it easy for translators to
-track the English original. For this we use the
-<a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/p/poxml.html">poxml</a> package,
-which allow us to transform the English Docbook XML file into a
-translation file (a .pot file), usable with the normal gettext based
-translation tools used by those translating free software. The pot
-file is used to create and maintain translation files (several .po
-files), which the translations update with the native language
-translations of all titles, paragraphs and blocks of text in the
-original. The next step is combining the original English Docbook XML
-and the translation file (say debian-edu-wheezy-manual.nb.po), to
-create a translated Docbook XML file (in this case
-debian-edu-wheezy-manual.nb.xml). This translated (or partly
-translated, if the translation is not complete) Docbook XML file can
-then be used like the original to create a PDF, HTML and epub version
-of the documentation.</p>
-
-<p>The translators use different tools to edit the .po files. We
-recommend using
-<a href="http://www.kde.org/applications/development/lokalize/">lokalize</a>,
-while some use emacs and vi, others can use web based editors like
-<a href="http://pootle.translatehouse.org/">Poodle</a> or
-<a href="https://www.transifex.com/">Transifex</a>. All we care about
-is where the .po file end up, in our git repository. Updated
-translations can either be committed directly to git, or submitted as
-<a href="https://bugs.debian.org/src:debian-edu-doc">bug reports
-against the debian-edu-doc package</a>.</p>
-
-<p>One challenge is images, which both might need to be translated (if
-they show translated user applications), and are needed in different
-formats when creating PDF and HTML versions (epub is a HTML version in
-this regard). For this we transform the original PNG images to the
-needed density and format during build, and have a way to provide
-translated images by storing translated versions in
-images/$LANGUAGECODE/. I am a bit unsure about the details here. The
-package maintainers know more.</p>
-
-<p>If you wonder what the result look like, we provide
-<a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/">the content
-of the documentation packages on the web</a>. See for example the
-<a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/it/debian-edu-wheezy-manual.pdf">Italian
-PDF version</a> or the
-<a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/de/debian-edu-wheezy-manual.html">German
-HTML version</a>. We do not yet build the epub version by default,
-but perhaps it will be done in the future.</p>
-
-<p>To learn more, check out
-<a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/d/debian-edu-doc.html">the
-debian-edu-doc package</a>,
-<a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/">the
-manual on the wiki</a> and
-<a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/Translations">the
-translation instructions</a> in the manual.</p>
-</div>
- <div class="tags">
-
-
- Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
-
-
- </div>
- </div>
- <div class="padding"></div>
-
- <div class="entry">
- <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hvordan_enkelt_laste_ned_filmer_fra_NRK_med_den__nye__l_sningen.html">Hvordan enkelt laste ned filmer fra NRK med den "nye" løsningen</a></div>
- <div class="date">16th June 2014</div>
- <div class="body"><p>Jeg har fortsatt behov for å kunne laste ned innslag fra NRKs
-nettsted av og til for å se senere når jeg ikke er på nett, men
-<a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hvordan_enkelt_laste_ned_filmer_fra_NRK.html">min
-oppskrift fra 2011</a> sluttet å fungere da NRK byttet
-avspillermetode. I dag fikk jeg endelig lett etter oppdatert løsning,
-og jeg er veldig glad for å fortelle at den enkleste måten å laste ned
-innslag er å bruke siste versjon 2014.06.07 av
-<a href="http://rg3.github.io/youtube-dl/">youtube-dl</a>. Støtten i
-youtube-dl <a href="https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/2980">kom
-inn for 23 dager siden</a> og
-<a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/y/youtube-dl.html">versjonen i
-Debian</a> fungerer fint også som backport til Debian Wheezy. Det er
-et lite problem, det håndterer kun URLer med små bokstaver, men hvis
-en har en URL med store bokstaver kan en bare gjøre alle store om til
-små bokstaver for å få youtube-dl til å laste ned. Rapporterte
-nettopp
-<a href="https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/2980">problemet til
-utviklerne</a>, og antar de får fikset det snart.</p>
-
-<p>Dermed er alt klart til å laste ned dokumentarene om
-<a href="http://tv.nrk.no/program/KOID23005014/usas-hemmelige-avlytting">USAs
-hemmelige avlytting</a> og
-<a href="http://tv.nrk.no/program/KOID23005114/selskapene-bak-usas-avlytting">Selskapene
-bak USAs avlytting</a>, i tillegg til
-<a href="http://tv.nrk.no/program/KOID20005814/et-moete-med-edward-snowden">intervjuet
-med Edward Snowden gjort av den tyske tv-kanalen ARD</a>. Anbefaler
-alle å se disse, sammen med
-<a href="http://media.ccc.de/browse/congress/2013/30C3_-_5713_-_en_-_saal_2_-_201312301130_-_to_protect_and_infect_part_2_-_jacob.html">foredraget
-til Jacob Appelbaum på siste CCC-konferanse</a>, for å forstå mer om
-hvordan overvåkningen av borgerne brer om seg.</p>
-
-<p>Takk til gode venner på foreningen NUUGs IRC-kanal
-<a href="irc://irc.freenode.net/%23nuug">#nuug på irc.freenode.net</a>
-for tipsene som fikk meg i mål</a>.</p>
-
-<p><strong>Oppdatering 2014-06-17</strong>: Etter at jeg publiserte
-denne, ble jeg tipset om bloggposten
-"<a href="http://ingvar.blog.redpill-linpro.com/2012/05/31/downloading-hd-content-from-tv-nrk-no/">Downloading
-HD content from tv.nrk.no</a>" av Ingvar Hagelund, som har alternativ
-implementasjon og tips for å lage mkv-fil med undertekstene inkludert.
-Kanskje den passer bedre for deg? I tillegg ble feilen i youtube-dl
-ble fikset litt senere ut på dagen i går, samt at youtube-dl fikk
-støtte for å laste ned undertitler. Takk til Anders Einar Hilden for
-god innsats og youtube-dl-utviklerne for rask respons.</p>
-</div>
- <div class="tags">
-
-
- Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
-
-
- </div>
- </div>
- <div class="padding"></div>
-
- <div class="entry">
- <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Free_software_car_computer_solution_.html">Free software car computer solution?</a></div>
- <div class="date">29th May 2014</div>
- <div class="body"><p>Dear lazyweb. I'm planning to set up a small Raspberry Pi computer
-in my car, connected to
-<a href="http://www.dx.com/p/400a-4-0-tft-lcd-digital-monitor-for-vehicle-parking-reverse-camera-1440x272-12v-dc-57776">a
-small screen</a> next to the rear mirror. I plan to hook it up with a
-GPS and a USB wifi card too. The idea is to get my own
-"<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carputer">Carputer</a>". But I
-wonder if someone already created a good free software solution for
-such car computer.</p>
-
-<p>This is my current wish list for such system:</p>
-
-<ul>
-
- <li>Work on Raspberry Pi.</li>
-
- <li>Show current speed limit based on location, and warn if going too
- fast (for example using color codes yellow and red on the screen,
- or make a sound). This could be done either using either data from
- <a href="http://www.openstreetmap.org/">Openstreetmap</a> or OCR
- info gathered from a dashboard camera.</li>
-
- <li>Track automatic toll road passes and their cost, show total spent
- and make it possible to calculate toll costs for planned
- route.</li>
-
- <li>Collect GPX tracks for use with OpenStreetMap.</li>
-
- <li>Automatically detect and use any wireless connection to connect
- to home server. Try IP over DNS
- (<a href="http://dev.kryo.se/iodine/">iodine</a>) or ICMP
- (<a href="http://code.gerade.org/hans/">Hans</a>) if direct
- connection do not work.</li>
-
- <li>Set up mesh network to talk to other cars with the same system,
- or some standard car mesh protocol.</li>
-
- <li>Warn when approaching speed cameras and speed camera ranges
- (speed calculated between two cameras).</li>
-
- <li>Suport dashboard/front facing camera to discover speed limits and
- run OCR to track registration number of passing cars.</li>
-
-</ul>
-
-<p>If you know of any free software car computer system supporting
-some or all of these features, please let me know.</p>
-</div>
- <div class="tags">
-
-
- Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
-
-
- </div>
- </div>
- <div class="padding"></div>
-
- <div class="entry">
- <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Half_the_Coverity_issues_in_Gnash_fixed_in_the_next_release.html">Half the Coverity issues in Gnash fixed in the next release</a></div>
- <div class="date">29th April 2014</div>
- <div class="body"><p>I've been following <a href="http://www.getgnash.org/">the Gnash
-project</a> for quite a while now. It is a free software
-implementation of Adobe Flash, both a standalone player and a browser
-plugin. Gnash implement support for the AVM1 format (and not the
-newer AVM2 format - see
-<a href="http://lightspark.github.io/">Lightspark</a> for that one),
-allowing several flash based sites to work. Thanks to the friendly
-developers at Youtube, it also work with Youtube videos, because the
-Javascript code at Youtube detect Gnash and serve a AVM1 player to
-those users. :) Would be great if someone found time to implement AVM2
-support, but it has not happened yet. If you install both Lightspark
-and Gnash, Lightspark will invoke Gnash if it find a AVM1 flash file,
-so you can get both handled as free software. Unfortunately,
-Lightspark so far only implement a small subset of AVM2, and many
-sites do not work yet.</p>
-
-<p>A few months ago, I started looking at
-<a href="http://scan.coverity.com/">Coverity</a>, the static source
-checker used to find heaps and heaps of bugs in free software (thanks
-to the donation of a scanning service to free software projects by the
-company developing this non-free code checker), and Gnash was one of
-the projects I decided to check out. Coverity is able to find lock
-errors, memory errors, dead code and more. A few days ago they even
-extended it to also be able to find the heartbleed bug in OpenSSL.
-There are heaps of checks being done on the instrumented code, and the
-amount of bogus warnings is quite low compared to the other static
-code checkers I have tested over the years.</p>
-
-<p>Since a few weeks ago, I've been working with the other Gnash
-developers squashing bugs discovered by Coverity. I was quite happy
-today when I checked the current status and saw that of the 777 issues
-detected so far, 374 are marked as fixed. This make me confident that
-the next Gnash release will be more stable and more dependable than
-the previous one. Most of the reported issues were and are in the
-test suite, but it also found a few in the rest of the code.</p>
-
-<p>If you want to help out, you find us on
-<a href="https://lists.gnu.org/mailman/listinfo/gnash-dev">the
-gnash-dev mailing list</a> and on
-<a href="irc://irc.freenode.net/#gnash">the #gnash channel on
-irc.freenode.net IRC server</a>.</p>
-</div>
- <div class="tags">
-
-
- Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
-
-
- </div>
- </div>
- <div class="padding"></div>
-
- <div class="entry">
- <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Install_hardware_dependent_packages_using_tasksel__Isenkram_0_7_.html">Install hardware dependent packages using tasksel (Isenkram 0.7)</a></div>
- <div class="date">23rd April 2014</div>
- <div class="body"><p>It would be nice if it was easier in Debian to get all the hardware
-related packages relevant for the computer installed automatically.
-So I implemented one, using
-<a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/isenkram">my Isenkram
-package</a>. To use it, install the tasksel and isenkram packages and
-run tasksel as user root. You should be presented with a new option,
-"Hardware specific packages (autodetected by isenkram)". When you
-select it, tasksel will install the packages isenkram claim is fit for
-the current hardware, hot pluggable or not.<p>
-
-<p>The implementation is in two files, one is the tasksel menu entry
-description, and the other is the script used to extract the list of
-packages to install. The first part is in
-<tt>/usr/share/tasksel/descs/isenkram.desc</tt> and look like
-this:</p>
-
-<p><blockquote><pre>
-Task: isenkram
-Section: hardware
-Description: Hardware specific packages (autodetected by isenkram)
- Based on the detected hardware various hardware specific packages are
- proposed.
-Test-new-install: mark show
-Relevance: 8
-Packages: for-current-hardware
-</pre></blockquote></p>
-
-<p>The second part is in
-<tt>/usr/lib/tasksel/packages/for-current-hardware</tt> and look like
-this:</p>
-
-<p><blockquote><pre>
-#!/bin/sh
-#
-(
- isenkram-lookup
- isenkram-autoinstall-firmware -l
-) | sort -u
-</pre></blockquote></p>
-
-<p>All in all, a very short and simple implementation making it
-trivial to install the hardware dependent package we all may want to
-have installed on our machines. I've not been able to find a way to
-get tasksel to tell you exactly which packages it plan to install
-before doing the installation. So if you are curious or careful,
-check the output from the isenkram-* command line tools first.</p>
-
-<p>The information about which packages are handling which hardware is
-fetched either from the isenkram package itself in
-/usr/share/isenkram/, from git.debian.org or from the APT package
-database (using the Modaliases header). The APT package database
-parsing have caused a nasty resource leak in the isenkram daemon (bugs
-<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/719837">#719837</a> and
-<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/730704">#730704</a>). The cause is in
-the python-apt code (bug
-<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/745487">#745487</a>), but using a
-workaround I was able to get rid of the file descriptor leak and
-reduce the memory leak from ~30 MiB per hardware detection down to
-around 2 MiB per hardware detection. It should make the desktop
-daemon a lot more useful. The fix is in version 0.7 uploaded to
-unstable today.</p>
-
-<p>I believe the current way of mapping hardware to packages in
-Isenkram is is a good draft, but in the future I expect isenkram to
-use the AppStream data source for this. A proposal for getting proper
-AppStream support into Debian is floating around as
-<a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DEP-11">DEP-11</a>, and
-<a href="https://wiki.debian.org/SummerOfCode2014/Projects#SummerOfCode2014.2FProjects.2FAppStreamDEP11Implementation.AppStream.2FDEP-11_for_the_Debian_Archive">GSoC
-project</a> will take place this summer to improve the situation. I
-look forward to seeing the result, and welcome patches for isenkram to
-start using the information when it is ready.</p>
-
-<p>If you want your package to map to some specific hardware, either
-add a "Xb-Modaliases" header to your control file like I did in
-<a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/pymissile">the pymissile
-package</a> or submit a bug report with the details to the isenkram
-package. See also
-<a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram/">all my
-blog posts tagged isenkram</a> for details on the notation. I expect
-the information will be migrated to AppStream eventually, but for the
-moment I got no better place to store it.</p>
-</div>
- <div class="tags">
-
-
- Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram</a>.
-
-
- </div>
- </div>
- <div class="padding"></div>
-
<p style="text-align: right;"><a href="index.rss"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/xml.gif" alt="RSS feed" width="36" height="14" /></a></p>
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<li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/08/">August (2)</a></li>
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+<li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/09/">September (5)</a></li>
+
+<li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/10/">October (1)</a></li>
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- <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian (100)</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian (104)</a></li>
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+ <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english (256)</a></li>
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+ <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern (75)</a></li>
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+ <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rfid">rfid (3)</a></li>
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+ <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance (26)</a></li>
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