<link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/</link>
<atom:link href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/index.rss" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
+ <item>
+ <title>Hvordan vurderer regjeringen H.264-patentutfordringen?</title>
+ <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hvordan_vurderer_regjeringen_H_264_patentutfordringen_.html</link>
+ <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hvordan_vurderer_regjeringen_H_264_patentutfordringen_.html</guid>
+ <pubDate>Sun, 16 Nov 2014 10:30:00 +0100</pubDate>
+ <description><p>For en stund tilbake spurte jeg Fornyingsdepartementet om hvilke
+juridiske vurderinger rundt patentproblemstillingen som var gjort da
+H.264 ble tatt inn i <a href="http://standard.difi.no/">statens
+referansekatalog over standarder</a>. Stig Hornnes i FAD tipset meg
+om følgende som står i oppsumeringen til høringen om
+referansekatalogen versjon 2.0, som jeg siden ved hjelp av en
+innsynsforespørsel fikk tak i
+<a href="http://wiki.nuug.no/uttalelser/200901-standardkatalog-v2?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=kongelig-resolusjon.pdf">PDF-utgaven av</a>
+datert 2009-06-03 (saksnummer 200803291, saksbehandler Henrik
+Linnestad).</p>
+
+<p>Der står det følgende om problemstillingen:</p>
+
+<p><blockquote>
+<strong>4.4 Patentproblematikk</strong>
+
+<p>NUUG og Opera ser det som særlig viktig at forslagene knyttet til
+lyd og video baserer seg på de royalty-frie standardene Vorbis, Theora
+og FLAC.</p>
+
+<p>Kommentarene relaterer seg til at enkelte standarder er åpne, men
+inneholder tekniske prosedyrer som det i USA (og noen andre land som
+Japan) er gitt patentrettigheter til. I vårt tilfelle berører dette
+spesielt standardene Mp3 og H.264, selv om Politidirektoratet peker på
+at det muligens kan være tilsvarende problematikk også for Theora og
+Vorbis. Dette medfører at det i USA kan kreves royalties for bruk av
+tekniske løsninger knyttet til standardene, et krav som også
+håndheves. Patenter kan imidlertid bare hevdes i de landene hvor
+patentet er gitt, så amerikanske patenter gjelder ikke andre steder
+enn USA.</p>
+
+<p>Spesielt for utvikling av fri programvare er patenter
+problematisk. GPL, en "grunnleggende" lisens for distribusjon av fri
+programvare, avviser at programvare kan distribueres under denne
+lisensen hvis det inneholder referanser til patenterte rutiner som
+utløser krav om royalties. Det er imidlertid uproblematisk å
+distribuere fri programvareløsninger under GPL som benytter de
+aktuelle standardene innen eller mellom land som ikke anerkjenner
+patentene. Derfor finner vi også flere implementeringer av Mp3 og
+H.264 som er fri programvare, lisensiert under GPL.</p>
+
+<p>I Norge og EU er patentlovgivningen langt mer restriktiv enn i USA,
+men det er også her mulig å få patentert metoder for løsning av et
+problem som relaterer seg til databehandling. Det er AIF bekjent ikke
+relevante patenter i EU eller Norge hva gjelder H.264 og Mp3, men
+muligheten for at det finnes patenter uten at det er gjort krav om
+royalties eller at det senere vil gis slike patenter kan ikke helt
+avvises.</p>
+
+<p>AIF mener det er et behov for å gi offentlige virksomheter mulighet
+til å benytte antatt royaltyfrie åpne standarder som et likeverdig
+alternativ eller i tillegg til de markedsledende åpne standardene.</p>
+
+</blockquote></p>
+
+<p>Det ser dermed ikke ut til at de har vurdert patentspørsmålet i
+sammenheng med opphavsrettsvilkår slik de er formulert for f.eks.
+Apple Final Cut Pro, Adobe Premiere Pro, Avid og Sorenson-verktøyene,
+der det kreves brukstillatelse for patenter som ikke er gyldige i
+Norge for å bruke disse verktøyene til annet en personlig og ikke
+kommersiell aktivitet når det gjelder H.264-video. Jeg må nok lete
+videre etter svar på det spørsmålet.</p>
+</description>
+ </item>
+
+ <item>
+ <title>A Debian package for SMTP via Tor (aka SMTorP) using exim4</title>
+ <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_Debian_package_for_SMTP_via_Tor__aka_SMTorP__using_exim4.html</link>
+ <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_Debian_package_for_SMTP_via_Tor__aka_SMTorP__using_exim4.html</guid>
+ <pubDate>Mon, 10 Nov 2014 13:40:00 +0100</pubDate>
+ <description><p>The right to communicate with your friends and family in private,
+without anyone snooping, is a right every citicen have in a liberal
+democracy. But this right is under serious attack these days.</p>
+
+<p>A while back it occurred to me that one way to make the dragnet
+surveillance conducted by NSA, GCHQ, FRA and others (and confirmed by
+the whisleblower Snowden) more expensive for Internet email,
+is to deliver all email using SMTP via Tor. Such SMTP option would be
+a nice addition to the FreedomBox project if we could send email
+between FreedomBox machines without leaking metadata about the emails
+to the people peeking on the wire. I
+<a href="http://lists.alioth.debian.org/pipermail/freedombox-discuss/2014-October/006493.html">proposed
+this on the FreedomBox project mailing list in October</a> and got a
+lot of useful feedback and suggestions. It also became obvious to me
+that this was not a novel idea, as the same idea was tested and
+documented by Johannes Berg as early as 2006, and both
+<a href="https://github.com/pagekite/Mailpile/wiki/SMTorP">the
+Mailpile</a> and <a href="http://dee.su/cables">the Cables</a> systems
+propose a similar method / protocol to pass emails between users.</p>
+
+<p>To implement such system one need to set up a Tor hidden service
+providing the SMTP protocol on port 25, and use email addresses
+looking like username@hidden-service-name.onion. With such addresses
+the connections to port 25 on hidden-service-name.onion using Tor will
+go to the correct SMTP server. To do this, one need to configure the
+Tor daemon to provide the hidden service and the mail server to accept
+emails for this .onion domain. To learn more about Exim configuration
+in Debian and test the design provided by Johannes Berg in his FAQ, I
+set out yesterday to create a Debian package for making it trivial to
+set up such SMTP over Tor service based on Debian. Getting it to work
+were fairly easy, and
+<a href="https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/exim4-smtorp">the
+source code for the Debian package</a> is available from github. I
+plan to move it into Debian if further testing prove this to be a
+useful approach.</p>
+
+<p>If you want to test this, set up a blank Debian machine without any
+mail system installed (or run <tt>apt-get purge exim4-config</tt> to
+get rid of exim4). Install tor, clone the git repository mentioned
+above, build the deb and install it on the machine. Next, run
+<tt>/usr/lib/exim4-smtorp/setup-exim-hidden-service</tt> and follow
+the instructions to get the service up and running. Restart tor and
+exim when it is done, and test mail delivery using swaks like
+this:</p>
+
+<p><blockquote><pre>
+torsocks swaks --server dutlqrrmjhtfa3vp.onion \
+ --to fbx@dutlqrrmjhtfa3vp.onion
+</pre></blockquote></p>
+
+<p>This will test the SMTP delivery using tor. Replace the email
+address with your own address to test your server. :)</p>
+
+<p>The setup procedure is still to complex, and I hope it can be made
+easier and more automatic. Especially the tor setup need more work.
+Also, the package include a tor-smtp tool written in C, but its task
+should probably be rewritten in some script language to make the deb
+architecture independent. It would probably also make the code easier
+to review. The tor-smtp tool currently need to listen on a socket for
+exim to talk to it and is started using xinetd. It would be better if
+no daemon and no socket is needed. I suspect it is possible to get
+exim to run a command line tool for delivery instead of talking to a
+socket, and hope to figure out how in a future version of this
+system.</p>
+
+<p>Until I wipe my test machine, I can be reached using the
+<tt>fbx@dutlqrrmjhtfa3vp.onion</tt> mail address, deliverable over
+SMTorP. :)</p>
+</description>
+ </item>
+
+ <item>
+ <title>First Jessie based Debian Edu released (alpha0)</title>
+ <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Jessie_based_Debian_Edu_released__alpha0_.html</link>
+ <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Jessie_based_Debian_Edu_released__alpha0_.html</guid>
+ <pubDate>Mon, 27 Oct 2014 20:40:00 +0100</pubDate>
+ <description><p>I am happy to report that I on behalf of the Debian Edu team just
+sent out
+<a href="https://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2014/10/msg00000.html">this
+announcement</a>:</p>
+
+<pre>
+The Debian Edu Team is pleased to announce the release of Debian Edu
+Jessie 8.0+edu0~alpha0
+
+Debian Edu is a complete operating system for schools. Through its
+various installation profiles you can install servers, workstations
+and laptops which will work together on the school network. With
+Debian Edu, the teachers themselves or their technical support can
+roll out a complete multi-user multi-machine study environment within
+hours or a few days. Debian Edu comes with hundreds of applications
+pre-installed, but you can always add more packages from Debian.
+
+For those who want to give Debian Edu Jessie a try, download and
+installation instructions are available, including detailed
+instructions in the manual[1] explaining the first steps, such as
+setting up a network or adding users. Please note that the password
+for the user your prompted for during installation must have a length
+of at least 5 characters!
+
+ [1] &lt;URL: <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie">https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie</a> &gt;
+
+Would you like to give your school's computer a longer life? Are you
+tired of sneaker administration, running from computer to computer
+reinstalling the operating system? Would you like to administrate all
+the computers in your school using only a couple of hours every week?
+Check out Debian Edu Jessie!
+
+Skolelinux is used by at least two hundred schools all over the world,
+mostly in Germany and Norway.
+
+About Debian Edu and Skolelinux
+===============================
+
+Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux[2], is a Linux distribution based
+on Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
+configured school network. Immediately after installation a school
+server running all services needed for a school network is set up just
+waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
+Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
+initial installation of the main server from CD or USB stick all other
+machines can be installed via the network. The provided school server
+provides LDAP database and Kerberos authentication service,
+centralized home directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other
+services. The desktop contains more than 60 educational software
+packages[3] and more are available from the Debian archive, and
+schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE, Xfce and MATE desktop
+environment.
+
+ [2] &lt;URL: <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">http://www.skolelinux.org/</a> &gt;
+ [3] &lt;URL: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html</a> &gt;
+
+Full release notes and manual
+=============================
+
+Below the download URLs there is a list of some of the new features
+and bugfixes of Debian Edu 8.0+edu0~alpha0 Codename Jessie. The full
+list is part of the manual. (See the feature list in the manual[4] for
+the English version.) For some languages manual translations are
+available, see the manual translation overview[5].
+
+ [4] &lt;URL: <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie/Features">https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie/Features</a> &gt;
+ [5] &lt;URL: <a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/">http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/</a> &gt;
+
+Where to get it
+---------------
+
+To download the multiarch netinstall CD release (624 MiB) you can use
+
+ * <a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso</a>
+ * <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso</a>
+ * rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso .
+
+The SHA1SUM of this image is: 361188818e036ce67280a572f757de82ebfeb095
+
+New features for Debian Edu 8.0+edu0~alpha0 Codename Jessie released 2014-10-27
+===============================================================================
+
+
+Installation changes
+--------------------
+
+ * PXE installation now installs firmware automatically for the hardware present.
+
+Software updates
+----------------
+
+Everything which is new in Debian Jessie 8.0, eg:
+
+ * Linux kernel 3.16.x
+ * Desktop environments KDE "Plasma" 4.11.12, GNOME 3.14, Xfce 4.10,
+ LXDE 0.5.6 and MATE 1.8 (KDE "Plasma" is installed by default; to
+ choose one of the others see manual.)
+ * the browsers Iceweasel 31 ESR and Chromium 38
+ * !LibreOffice 4.3.3
+ * GOsa 2.7.4
+ * LTSP 5.5.4
+ * CUPS print system 1.7.5
+ * new boot framework: systemd
+ * Educational toolbox GCompris 14.07
+ * Music creator Rosegarden 14.02
+ * Image editor Gimp 2.8.14
+ * Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.13.0
+ * golearn 0.9
+ * tuxpaint 0.9.22
+ * New version of debian-installer from Debian Jessie.
+ * Debian Jessie includes about 42000 packages available for
+ installation.
+ * More information about Debian Jessie 8.0 is provided in the release
+ notes[6] and the installation manual[7].
+
+ [6] &lt;URL: <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/releasenotes">http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/releasenotes</a> &gt;
+ [7] &lt;URL: <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/installmanual">http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/installmanual</a> &gt;
+
+Fixed bugs
+----------
+
+ * Inserting incorrect DNS information in Gosa will no longer break
+ DNS completely, but instead stop DNS updates until the incorrect
+ information is corrected (Debian bug #710362)
+ * and many others.
+
+Documentation and translation updates
+-------------------------------------
+
+ * The Debian Edu Jessie Manual is fully translated to German, French,
+ Italian, Danish and Dutch. Partly translated versions exist for
+ Norwegian Bokmal and Spanish.
+
+Other changes
+-------------
+
+ * Due to new Squid settings, powering off or rebooting the main
+ server takes more time.
+ * To manage printers localhost:631 has to be used, currently www:631
+ doesn't work.
+
+Regressions / known problems
+----------------------------
+
+ * Installing LTSP chroot fails with a bug related to eatmydata about
+ exim4-config failing to run its postinst (see Debian bug #765694
+ and Debian bug #762103).
+ * Munin collection is not properly configured on clients (Debian bug
+ #764594). The fix is available in a newer version of munin-node.
+ * PXE setup for Main Server and Thin Client Server setup does not
+ work when installing on a machine without direct Internet access.
+ Will be fixed when Debian bug #766960 is fixed in Jessie.
+
+See the status page[8] for the complete list.
+
+ [8] &lt;URL: <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie">https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie</a> &gt;
+
+How to report bugs
+------------------
+
+&lt;URL: <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a> &gt;
+
+About Debian
+============
+
+The Debian Project was founded in 1993 by Ian Murdock to be a truly
+free community project. Since then the project has grown to be one of
+the largest and most influential open source projects. Thousands of
+volunteers from all over the world work together to create and
+maintain Debian software. Available in 70 languages, and supporting a
+huge range of computer types, Debian calls itself the universal
+operating system.
+
+Contact Information
+For further information, please visit the Debian web pages[9] or send
+mail to press@debian.org.
+
+ [9] &lt;URL: <a href="http://www.debian.org/">http://www.debian.org/</a> &gt;
+</pre>
+</description>
+ </item>
+
+ <item>
+ <title>I spent last weekend recording MakerCon Nordic</title>
+ <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/I_spent_last_weekend_recording_MakerCon_Nordic.html</link>
+ <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/I_spent_last_weekend_recording_MakerCon_Nordic.html</guid>
+ <pubDate>Thu, 23 Oct 2014 23:00:00 +0200</pubDate>
+ <description><p>I spent last weekend at <a href="http://www.makercon.no/">Makercon
+Nordic</a>, a great conference and workshop for makers in Norway and
+the surrounding countries. I had volunteered on behalf of the
+Norwegian Unix Users Group (NUUG) to video record the talks, and we
+had a great and exhausting time recording the entire day, two days in
+a row. There were only two of us, Hans-Petter and me, and we used the
+regular video equipment for NUUG, with a
+<a href="http://dvswitch.alioth.debian.org/wiki/">dvswitch</a>, a
+camera and a VGA to DV convert box, and mixed video and slides
+live.</p>
+
+<p>Hans-Petter did the post-processing, consisting of uploading the
+around 180 GiB of raw video to Youtube, and the result is
+<a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/MakerConNordic/">now becoming
+public</a> on the MakerConNordic account. The videos have the license
+NUUG always use on our recordings, which is
+<a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/no/">Creative
+Commons Navngivelse-Del på samme vilkår 3.0 Norge</a>. Many great
+talks available. Check it out! :)</p>
+</description>
+ </item>
+
+ <item>
+ <title>listadmin, the quick way to moderate mailman lists - nice free software</title>
+ <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/listadmin__the_quick_way_to_moderate_mailman_lists___nice_free_software.html</link>
+ <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/listadmin__the_quick_way_to_moderate_mailman_lists___nice_free_software.html</guid>
+ <pubDate>Wed, 22 Oct 2014 20:00:00 +0200</pubDate>
+ <description><p>If you ever had to moderate a mailman list, like the ones on
+alioth.debian.org, you know the web interface is fairly slow to
+operate. First you visit one web page, enter the moderation password
+and get a new page shown with a list of all the messages to moderate
+and various options for each email address. This take a while for
+every list you moderate, and you need to do it regularly to do a good
+job as a list moderator. But there is a quick alternative,
+<a href="http://heim.ifi.uio.no/kjetilho/hacks/#listadmin">the
+listadmin program</a>. It allow you to check lists for new messages
+to moderate in a fraction of a second. Here is a test run on two
+lists I recently took over:</p>
+
+<p><blockquote><pre>
+% time listadmin xiph
+fetching data for pkg-xiph-commits@lists.alioth.debian.org ... nothing in queue
+fetching data for pkg-xiph-maint@lists.alioth.debian.org ... nothing in queue
+
+real 0m1.709s
+user 0m0.232s
+sys 0m0.012s
+%
+</pre></blockquote></p>
+
+<p>In 1.7 seconds I had checked two mailing lists and confirmed that
+there are no message in the moderation queue. Every morning I
+currently moderate 68 mailman lists, and it normally take around two
+minutes. When I took over the two pkg-xiph lists above a few days
+ago, there were 400 emails waiting in the moderator queue. It took me
+less than 15 minutes to process them all using the listadmin
+program.</p>
+
+<p>If you install
+<a href="https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/listadmin">the listadmin
+package</a> from Debian and create a file <tt>~/.listadmin.ini</tt>
+with content like this, the moderation task is a breeze:</p>
+
+<p><blockquote><pre>
+username username@example.org
+spamlevel 23
+default discard
+discard_if_reason "Posting restricted to members only. Remove us from your mail list."
+
+password secret
+adminurl https://{domain}/mailman/admindb/{list}
+mailman-list@lists.example.com
+
+password hidden
+other-list@otherserver.example.org
+</pre></blockquote></p>
+
+<p>There are other options to set as well. Check the manual page to
+learn the details.</p>
+
+<p>If you are forced to moderate lists on a mailman installation where
+the SSL certificate is self signed or not properly signed by a
+generally accepted signing authority, you can set a environment
+variable when calling listadmin to disable SSL verification:</p>
+
+<p><blockquote><pre>
+PERL_LWP_SSL_VERIFY_HOSTNAME=0 listadmin
+</pre></blockquote></p>
+
+<p>If you want to moderate a subset of the lists you take care of, you
+can provide an argument to the listadmin script like I do in the
+initial screen dump (the xiph argument). Using an argument, only
+lists matching the argument string will be processed. This make it
+quick to accept messages if you notice the moderation request in your
+email.</p>
+
+<p>Without the listadmin program, I would never be the moderator of 68
+mailing lists, as I simply do not have time to spend on that if the
+process was any slower. The listadmin program have saved me hours of
+time I could spend elsewhere over the years. It truly is nice free
+software.</p>
+
+<p>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
+activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
+<b><a href="bitcoin:15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b&label=PetterReinholdtsenBlog">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b</a></b>.</p>
+
+<p>Update 2014-10-27: Added missing 'username' statement in
+configuration example. Also, I've been told that the
+PERL_LWP_SSL_VERIFY_HOSTNAME=0 setting do not work for everyone. Not
+sure why.</p>
+</description>
+ </item>
+
+ <item>
+ <title>Debian Jessie, PXE and automatic firmware installation</title>
+ <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Jessie__PXE_and_automatic_firmware_installation.html</link>
+ <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Jessie__PXE_and_automatic_firmware_installation.html</guid>
+ <pubDate>Fri, 17 Oct 2014 14:10:00 +0200</pubDate>
+ <description><p>When PXE installing laptops with Debian, I often run into the
+problem that the WiFi card require some firmware to work properly.
+And it has been a pain to fix this using preseeding in Debian.
+Normally something more is needed. But thanks to
+<a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/i/isenkram.html">my isenkram
+package</a> and its recent tasksel extension, it has now become easy
+to do this using simple preseeding.</p>
+
+<p>The isenkram-cli package provide tasksel tasks which will install
+firmware for the hardware found in the machine (actually, requested by
+the kernel modules for the hardware). (It can also install user space
+programs supporting the hardware detected, but that is not the focus
+of this story.)</p>
+
+<p>To get this working in the default installation, two preeseding
+values are needed. First, the isenkram-cli package must be installed
+into the target chroot (aka the hard drive) before tasksel is executed
+in the pkgsel step of the debian-installer system. This is done by
+preseeding the base-installer/includes debconf value to include the
+isenkram-cli package. The package name is next passed to debootstrap
+for installation. With the isenkram-cli package in place, tasksel
+will automatically use the isenkram tasks to detect hardware specific
+packages for the machine being installed and install them, because
+isenkram-cli contain tasksel tasks.</p>
+
+<p>Second, one need to enable the non-free APT repository, because
+most firmware unfortunately is non-free. This is done by preseeding
+the apt-mirror-setup step. This is unfortunate, but for a lot of
+hardware it is the only option in Debian.</p>
+
+<p>The end result is two lines needed in your preseeding file to get
+firmware installed automatically by the installer:</p>
+
+<p><blockquote><pre>
+base-installer base-installer/includes string isenkram-cli
+apt-mirror-setup apt-setup/non-free boolean true
+</pre></blockquote></p>
+
+<p>The current version of isenkram-cli in testing/jessie will install
+both firmware and user space packages when using this method. It also
+do not work well, so use version 0.15 or later. Installing both
+firmware and user space packages might give you a bit more than you
+want, so I decided to split the tasksel task in two, one for firmware
+and one for user space programs. The firmware task is enabled by
+default, while the one for user space programs is not. This split is
+implemented in the package currently in unstable.</p>
+
+<p>If you decide to give this a go, please let me know (via email) how
+this recipe work for you. :)</p>
+
+<p>So, I bet you are wondering, how can this work. First and
+foremost, it work because tasksel is modular, and driven by whatever
+files it find in /usr/lib/tasksel/ and /usr/share/tasksel/. So the
+isenkram-cli package place two files for tasksel to find. First there
+is the task description file (/usr/share/tasksel/descs/isenkram.desc):</p>
+
+<p><blockquote><pre>
+Task: isenkram-packages
+Section: hardware
+Description: Hardware specific packages (autodetected by isenkram)
+ Based on the detected hardware various hardware specific packages are
+ proposed.
+Test-new-install: show show
+Relevance: 8
+Packages: for-current-hardware
+
+Task: isenkram-firmware
+Section: hardware
+Description: Hardware specific firmware packages (autodetected by isenkram)
+ Based on the detected hardware various hardware specific firmware
+ packages are proposed.
+Test-new-install: mark show
+Relevance: 8
+Packages: for-current-hardware-firmware
+</pre></blockquote></p>
+
+<p>The key parts are Test-new-install which indicate how the task
+should be handled and the Packages line referencing to a script in
+/usr/lib/tasksel/packages/. The scripts use other scripts to get a
+list of packages to install. The for-current-hardware-firmware script
+look like this to list relevant firmware for the machine:
+
+<p><blockquote><pre>
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH
+export PATH
+isenkram-autoinstall-firmware -l
+</pre></blockquote></p>
+
+<p>With those two pieces in place, the firmware is installed by
+tasksel during the normal d-i run. :)</p>
+
+<p>If you want to test what tasksel will install when isenkram-cli is
+installed, run <tt>DEBIAN_PRIORITY=critical tasksel --test
+--new-install</tt> to get the list of packages that tasksel would
+install.</p>
+
+<p><a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/">Debian Edu</a> will be
+pilots in testing this feature, as isenkram is used there now to
+install firmware, replacing the earlier scripts.</p>
+</description>
+ </item>
+
<item>
<title>Ubuntu used to show the bread prizes at ICA Storo</title>
<link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ubuntu_used_to_show_the_bread_prizes_at_ICA_Storo.html</link>
<guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ubuntu_used_to_show_the_bread_prizes_at_ICA_Storo.html</guid>
<pubDate>Sat, 4 Oct 2014 15:20:00 +0200</pubDate>
<description><p>Today I came across an unexpected Ubuntu boot screen. Above the
-bread shelf on the ICA shop at Storo, the grub menu of Ubuntu with
-Linux kernel 3.2.0-23 (ie probably version 12.04 LTS) was stuck on a
-screen normally showing the bread types and prizes:</p>
+bread shelf on the ICA shop at Storo in Oslo, the grub menu of Ubuntu
+with Linux kernel 3.2.0-23 (ie probably version 12.04 LTS) was stuck
+on a screen normally showing the bread types and prizes:</p>
<p align="center"><img width="70%" src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2014-10-04-ubuntu-ica-storo-crop.jpeg"></p>
</description>
</item>
- <item>
- <title>Hva henger under skibrua over E16 på Sollihøgda?</title>
- <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hva_henger_under_skibrua_over_E16_p__Sollih_gda_.html</link>
- <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hva_henger_under_skibrua_over_E16_p__Sollih_gda_.html</guid>
- <pubDate>Sun, 21 Sep 2014 09:50:00 +0200</pubDate>
- <description><p>Rundt omkring i Oslo og Østlandsområdet henger det bokser over
-veiene som jeg har lurt på hva gjør. De har ut fra plassering og
-vinkling sett ut som bokser som sniffer ut et eller annet fra
-forbipasserende trafikk, men det har vært uklart for meg hva det er de
-leser av. Her om dagen tok jeg bilde av en slik boks som henger under
-<a href="http://www.openstreetmap.no/?zoom=19&mlat=59.96396&mlon=10.34443&layers=B00000">ei
-skibru på Sollihøgda</a>:</p>
-
-<p align="center"><img width="60%" src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2014-09-13-kapsch-sollihogda-crop.jpeg"></p>
-
-<p>Boksen er tydelig merket «Kapsch >>>», logoen til
-<a href="http://www.kapsch.net/">det sveitsiske selskapet Kapsch</a> som
-blant annet lager sensorsystemer for veitrafikk. Men de lager mye
-forskjellig, og jeg kjente ikke igjen boksen på utseendet etter en
-kjapp titt på produktlista til selskapet.</p>
-
-<p>I og med at boksen henger over veien E16, en riksvei vedlikeholdt
-av Statens Vegvesen, så antok jeg at det burde være mulig å bruke
-REST-API-et som gir tilgang til vegvesenets database over veier,
-skilter og annet veirelatert til å finne ut hva i alle dager dette
-kunne være. De har både
-<a href="https://www.vegvesen.no/nvdb/api/dokumentasjon/datakatalog">en
-datakatalog</a> og
-<a href="https://www.vegvesen.no/nvdb/api/dokumentasjon/sok">et
-søk</a>, der en kan søke etter ulike typer oppføringer innen for et
-gitt geografisk område. Jeg laget et enkelt shell-script for å hente
-ut antall av en gitt type innenfor området skibrua dekker, og listet
-opp navnet på typene som ble funnet. Orket ikke slå opp hvordan
-URL-koding av aktuelle strenger kunne gjøres mer generisk, og brukte
-en stygg sed-linje i stedet.</p>
-
-<blockquote><pre>
-#!/bin/sh
-urlmap() {
- sed \
- -e 's/ / /g' -e 's/{/%7B/g' \
- -e 's/}/%7D/g' -e 's/\[/%5B/g' \
- -e 's/\]/%5D/g' -e 's/ /%20/g' \
- -e 's/,/%2C/g' -e 's/\"/%22/g' \
- -e 's/:/%3A/g'
-}
-
-lookup() {
- url="$1"
- curl -s -H 'Accept: application/vnd.vegvesen.nvdb-v1+xml' \
- "https://www.vegvesen.no/nvdb/api$url" | xmllint --format -
-}
-
-for id in $(seq 1 874) ; do
- search="{
- lokasjon: {
- bbox: \"10.34425,59.96386,10.34458,59.96409\",
- srid: \"WGS84\"
- },
- objektTyper: [{
- id: $id, antall: 10
- }]
-}"
-
- query=/sok?kriterie=$(echo $search | urlmap)
- if lookup "$query" |
- grep -q '&lt;totaltAntallReturnert>0&lt;'
- then
- :
- else
- echo $id
- lookup "/datakatalog/objekttyper/$id" |grep '^ &lt;navn>'
- fi
-done
-
-exit 0
-</pre></blockquote>
-
-Aktuelt ID-område 1-874 var riktig i datakatalogen da jeg laget
-scriptet. Det vil endre seg over tid. Skriptet listet så opp
-aktuelle typer i og rundt skibrua:
-
-<blockquote><pre>
-5
- &lt;navn>Rekkverk&lt;/navn>
-14
- &lt;navn>Rekkverksende&lt;/navn>
-47
- &lt;navn>Trafikklomme&lt;/navn>
-49
- &lt;navn>Trafikkøy&lt;/navn>
-60
- &lt;navn>Bru&lt;/navn>
-79
- &lt;navn>Stikkrenne/Kulvert&lt;/navn>
-80
- &lt;navn>Grøft, åpen&lt;/navn>
-86
- &lt;navn>Belysningsstrekning&lt;/navn>
-95
- &lt;navn>Skiltpunkt&lt;/navn>
-96
- &lt;navn>Skiltplate&lt;/navn>
-98
- &lt;navn>Referansestolpe&lt;/navn>
-99
- &lt;navn>Vegoppmerking, langsgående&lt;/navn>
-105
- &lt;navn>Fartsgrense&lt;/navn>
-106
- &lt;navn>Vinterdriftsstrategi&lt;/navn>
-172
- &lt;navn>Trafikkdeler&lt;/navn>
-241
- &lt;navn>Vegdekke&lt;/navn>
-293
- &lt;navn>Breddemåling&lt;/navn>
-301
- &lt;navn>Kantklippareal&lt;/navn>
-318
- &lt;navn>Snø-/isrydding&lt;/navn>
-445
- &lt;navn>Skred&lt;/navn>
-446
- &lt;navn>Dokumentasjon&lt;/navn>
-452
- &lt;navn>Undergang&lt;/navn>
-528
- &lt;navn>Tverrprofil&lt;/navn>
-532
- &lt;navn>Vegreferanse&lt;/navn>
-534
- &lt;navn>Region&lt;/navn>
-535
- &lt;navn>Fylke&lt;/navn>
-536
- &lt;navn>Kommune&lt;/navn>
-538
- &lt;navn>Gate&lt;/navn>
-539
- &lt;navn>Transportlenke&lt;/navn>
-540
- &lt;navn>Trafikkmengde&lt;/navn>
-570
- &lt;navn>Trafikkulykke&lt;/navn>
-571
- &lt;navn>Ulykkesinvolvert enhet&lt;/navn>
-572
- &lt;navn>Ulykkesinvolvert person&lt;/navn>
-579
- &lt;navn>Politidistrikt&lt;/navn>
-583
- &lt;navn>Vegbredde&lt;/navn>
-591
- &lt;navn>Høydebegrensning&lt;/navn>
-592
- &lt;navn>Nedbøyningsmåling&lt;/navn>
-597
- &lt;navn>Støy-luft, Strekningsdata&lt;/navn>
-601
- &lt;navn>Oppgravingsdata&lt;/navn>
-602
- &lt;navn>Oppgravingslag&lt;/navn>
-603
- &lt;navn>PMS-parsell&lt;/navn>
-604
- &lt;navn>Vegnormalstrekning&lt;/navn>
-605
- &lt;navn>Værrelatert strekning&lt;/navn>
-616
- &lt;navn>Feltstrekning&lt;/navn>
-617
- &lt;navn>Adressepunkt&lt;/navn>
-626
- &lt;navn>Friksjonsmåleserie&lt;/navn>
-629
- &lt;navn>Vegdekke, flatelapping&lt;/navn>
-639
- &lt;navn>Kurvatur, horisontalelement&lt;/navn>
-640
- &lt;navn>Kurvatur, vertikalelement&lt;/navn>
-642
- &lt;navn>Kurvatur, vertikalpunkt&lt;/navn>
-643
- &lt;navn>Statistikk, trafikkmengde&lt;/navn>
-647
- &lt;navn>Statistikk, vegbredde&lt;/navn>
-774
- &lt;navn>Nedbøyningsmåleserie&lt;/navn>
-775
- &lt;navn>ATK, influensstrekning&lt;/navn>
-794
- &lt;navn>Systemobjekt&lt;/navn>
-810
- &lt;navn>Vinterdriftsklasse&lt;/navn>
-821
- &lt;navn>Funksjonell vegklasse&lt;/navn>
-825
- &lt;navn>Kurvatur, stigning&lt;/navn>
-838
- &lt;navn>Vegbredde, beregnet&lt;/navn>
-862
- &lt;navn>Reisetidsregistreringspunkt&lt;/navn>
-871
- &lt;navn>Bruksklasse&lt;/navn>
-</pre></blockquote>
-
-<p>Av disse ser ID 775 og 862 mest relevant ut. ID 775 antar jeg
-refererer til fotoboksen som står like ved brua, mens
-«Reisetidsregistreringspunkt» kanskje kan være boksen som henger der.
-Hvordan finner jeg så ut hva dette kan være for noe. En titt på
-<a href="http://labs.vegdata.no/nvdb-datakatalog/862-Reisetidsregistreringspunkt/">datakatalogsiden
-for ID 862/Reisetidsregistreringspunkt</a> viser at det er finnes 53
-slike målere i Norge, og hvor de er plassert, men gir ellers få
-detaljer. Det er plassert 40 på østlandet og 13 i Trondheimsregionen.
-Men siden nevner «AutoPASS», og hvis en slår opp oppføringen på
-Sollihøgda nevner den «Ciber AS» som ID for eksternt system. (Kan det
-være snakk om
-<a href="http://www.proff.no/selskap/ciber-norge-as/oslo/internettdesign-og-programmering/Z0I3KMF4/">Ciber
-Norge AS</a>, et selskap eid av Ciber Europe Bv?) Et nettsøk på
- «Ciber AS autopass» fører meg til en artikkel fra NRK Trøndelag i
- 2013 med tittel
-«<a href="http://www.nrk.no/trondelag/sjekk-dette-hvis-du-vil-unnga-ko-1.11327947">Sjekk
-dette hvis du vil unngå kø</a>». Artikkelen henviser til vegvesenets
-nettside
-<a href="http://www.reisetider.no/reisetid/forside.html">reisetider.no</a>
-som har en
-<a href="http://www.reisetider.no/reisetid/omrade.html?omrade=5">kartside
-for Østlandet</a> som viser at det måles mellom Sandvika og Sollihøgda.
-Det kan dermed se ut til at jeg har funnet ut hva boksene gjør.</p>
-
-<p>Hvis det stemmer, så er dette bokser som leser av AutoPASS-ID-en
-til alle passerende biler med AutoPASS-brikke, og dermed gjør det mulig
-for de som kontrollerer boksene å holde rede på hvor en gitt bil er
-når den passerte et slikt målepunkt. NRK-artikkelen forteller at
-denne informasjonen i dag kun brukes til å koble to
-AutoPASS-brikkepasseringer passeringer sammen for å beregne
-reisetiden, og at bruken er godkjent av Datatilsynet. Det er desverre
-ikke mulig for en sjåfør som passerer under en slik boks å kontrollere
-at AutoPASS-ID-en kun brukes til dette i dag og i fremtiden.</p>
-
-<p>I tillegg til denne type AutoPASS-sniffere vet jeg at det også
-finnes mange automatiske stasjoner som tar betalt pr. passering (aka
-bomstasjoner), og der lagres informasjon om tid, sted og bilnummer i
-10 år. Finnes det andre slike sniffere plassert ut på veiene?</p>
-
-<p>Personlig har jeg valgt å ikke bruke AutoPASS-brikke, for å gjøre
-det vanskeligere og mer kostbart for de som vil invadere privatsfæren
-og holde rede på hvor bilen min beveger seg til enhver tid. Jeg håper
-flere vil gjøre det samme, selv om det gir litt høyere private
-utgifter (dyrere bompassering). Vern om privatsfæren koster i disse
-dager.</p>
-
-<p>Takk til Jan Kristian Jensen i Statens Vegvesen for tips om
-dokumentasjon på vegvesenets REST-API.</p>
-</description>
- </item>
-
- <item>
- <title>Speeding up the Debian installer using eatmydata and dpkg-divert</title>
- <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Speeding_up_the_Debian_installer_using_eatmydata_and_dpkg_divert.html</link>
- <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Speeding_up_the_Debian_installer_using_eatmydata_and_dpkg_divert.html</guid>
- <pubDate>Tue, 16 Sep 2014 14:00:00 +0200</pubDate>
- <description><p>The <a href="https://www.debian.org/">Debian</a> installer could be
-a lot quicker. When we install more than 2000 packages in
-<a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a> using
-tasksel in the installer, unpacking the binary packages take forever.
-A part of the slow I/O issue was discussed in
-<a href="https://bugs.debian.org/613428">bug #613428</a> about too
-much file system sync-ing done by dpkg, which is the package
-responsible for unpacking the binary packages. Other parts (like code
-executed by postinst scripts) might also sync to disk during
-installation. All this sync-ing to disk do not really make sense to
-me. If the machine crash half-way through, I start over, I do not try
-to salvage the half installed system. So the failure sync-ing is
-supposed to protect against, hardware or system crash, is not really
-relevant while the installer is running.</p>
-
-<p>A few days ago, I thought of a way to get rid of all the file
-system sync()-ing in a fairly non-intrusive way, without the need to
-change the code in several packages. The idea is not new, but I have
-not heard anyone propose the approach using dpkg-divert before. It
-depend on the small and clever package
-<a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/eatmydata">eatmydata</a>, which
-uses LD_PRELOAD to replace the system functions for syncing data to
-disk with functions doing nothing, thus allowing programs to live
-dangerous while speeding up disk I/O significantly. Instead of
-modifying the implementation of dpkg, apt and tasksel (which are the
-packages responsible for selecting, fetching and installing packages),
-it occurred to me that we could just divert the programs away, replace
-them with a simple shell wrapper calling
-"eatmydata&nbsp;$program&nbsp;$@", to get the same effect.
-Two days ago I decided to test the idea, and wrapped up a simple
-implementation for the Debian Edu udeb.</p>
-
-<p>The effect was stunning. In my first test it reduced the running
-time of the pkgsel step (installing tasks) from 64 to less than 44
-minutes (20 minutes shaved off the installation) on an old Dell
-Latitude D505 machine. I am not quite sure what the optimised time
-would have been, as I messed up the testing a bit, causing the debconf
-priority to get low enough for two questions to pop up during
-installation. As soon as I saw the questions I moved the installation
-along, but do not know how long the question were holding up the
-installation. I did some more measurements using Debian Edu Jessie,
-and got these results. The time measured is the time stamp in
-/var/log/syslog between the "pkgsel: starting tasksel" and the
-"pkgsel: finishing up" lines, if you want to do the same measurement
-yourself. In Debian Edu, the tasksel dialog do not show up, and the
-timing thus do not depend on how quickly the user handle the tasksel
-dialog.</p>
-
-<p><table>
-
-<tr>
-<th>Machine/setup</th>
-<th>Original tasksel</th>
-<th>Optimised tasksel</th>
-<th>Reduction</th>
-</tr>
-
-<tr>
-<td>Latitude D505 Main+LTSP LXDE</td>
-<td>64 min (07:46-08:50)</td>
-<td><44 min (11:27-12:11)</td>
-<td>>20 min 18%</td>
-</tr>
-
-<tr>
-<td>Latitude D505 Roaming LXDE</td>
-<td>57 min (08:48-09:45)</td>
-<td>34 min (07:43-08:17)</td>
-<td>23 min 40%</td>
-</tr>
-
-<tr>
-<td>Latitude D505 Minimal</td>
-<td>22 min (10:37-10:59)</td>
-<td>11 min (11:16-11:27)</td>
-<td>11 min 50%</td>
-</tr>
-
-<tr>
-<td>Thinkpad X200 Minimal</td>
-<td>6 min (08:19-08:25)</td>
-<td>4 min (08:04-08:08)</td>
-<td>2 min 33%</td>
-</tr>
-
-<tr>
-<td>Thinkpad X200 Roaming KDE</td>
-<td>19 min (09:21-09:40)</td>
-<td>15 min (10:25-10:40)</td>
-<td>4 min 21%</td>
-</tr>
-
-</table></p>
-
-<p>The test is done using a netinst ISO on a USB stick, so some of the
-time is spent downloading packages. The connection to the Internet
-was 100Mbit/s during testing, so downloading should not be a
-significant factor in the measurement. Download typically took a few
-seconds to a few minutes, depending on the amount of packages being
-installed.</p>
-
-<p>The speedup is implemented by using two hooks in
-<a href="https://www.debian.org/devel/debian-installer/">Debian
-Installer</a>, the pre-pkgsel.d hook to set up the diverts, and the
-finish-install.d hook to remove the divert at the end of the
-installation. I picked the pre-pkgsel.d hook instead of the
-post-base-installer.d hook because I test using an ISO without the
-eatmydata package included, and the post-base-installer.d hook in
-Debian Edu can only operate on packages included in the ISO. The
-negative effect of this is that I am unable to activate this
-optimization for the kernel installation step in d-i. If the code is
-moved to the post-base-installer.d hook, the speedup would be larger
-for the entire installation.</p>
-
-<p>I've implemented this in the
-<a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/debian-edu-install">debian-edu-install</a>
-git repository, and plan to provide the optimization as part of the
-Debian Edu installation. If you want to test this yourself, you can
-create two files in the installer (or in an udeb). One shell script
-need do go into /usr/lib/pre-pkgsel.d/, with content like this:</p>
-
-<p><blockquote><pre>
-#!/bin/sh
-set -e
-. /usr/share/debconf/confmodule
-info() {
- logger -t my-pkgsel "info: $*"
-}
-error() {
- logger -t my-pkgsel "error: $*"
-}
-override_install() {
- apt-install eatmydata || true
- if [ -x /target/usr/bin/eatmydata ] ; then
- for bin in dpkg apt-get aptitude tasksel ; do
- file=/usr/bin/$bin
- # Test that the file exist and have not been diverted already.
- if [ -f /target$file ] ; then
- info "diverting $file using eatmydata"
- printf "#!/bin/sh\neatmydata $bin.distrib \"\$@\"\n" \
- > /target$file.edu
- chmod 755 /target$file.edu
- in-target dpkg-divert --package debian-edu-config \
- --rename --quiet --add $file
- ln -sf ./$bin.edu /target$file
- else
- error "unable to divert $file, as it is missing."
- fi
- done
- else
- error "unable to find /usr/bin/eatmydata after installing the eatmydata pacage"
- fi
-}
-
-override_install
-</pre></blockquote></p>
-
-<p>To clean up, another shell script should go into
-/usr/lib/finish-install.d/ with code like this:
-
-<p><blockquote><pre>
-#! /bin/sh -e
-. /usr/share/debconf/confmodule
-error() {
- logger -t my-finish-install "error: $@"
-}
-remove_install_override() {
- for bin in dpkg apt-get aptitude tasksel ; do
- file=/usr/bin/$bin
- if [ -x /target$file.edu ] ; then
- rm /target$file
- in-target dpkg-divert --package debian-edu-config \
- --rename --quiet --remove $file
- rm /target$file.edu
- else
- error "Missing divert for $file."
- fi
- done
- sync # Flush file buffers before continuing
-}
-
-remove_install_override
-</pre></blockquote></p>
-
-<p>In Debian Edu, I placed both code fragments in a separate script
-edu-eatmydata-install and call it from the pre-pkgsel.d and
-finish-install.d scripts.</p>
-
-<p>By now you might ask if this change should get into the normal
-Debian installer too? I suspect it should, but am not sure the
-current debian-installer coordinators find it useful enough. It also
-depend on the side effects of the change. I'm not aware of any, but I
-guess we will see if the change is safe after some more testing.
-Perhaps there is some package in Debian depending on sync() and
-fsync() having effect? Perhaps it should go into its own udeb, to
-allow those of us wanting to enable it to do so without affecting
-everyone.</p>
-
-<p>Update 2014-09-24: Since a few days ago, enabling this optimization
-will break installation of all programs using gnutls because of
-<a href="https://bugs.debian.org/702711">bug #702711. An updated
-eatmydata package in Debian will solve it.</p>
-</description>
- </item>
-
- <item>
- <title>Good bye subkeys.pgp.net, welcome pool.sks-keyservers.net</title>
- <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Good_bye_subkeys_pgp_net__welcome_pool_sks_keyservers_net.html</link>
- <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Good_bye_subkeys_pgp_net__welcome_pool_sks_keyservers_net.html</guid>
- <pubDate>Wed, 10 Sep 2014 13:10:00 +0200</pubDate>
- <description><p>Yesterday, I had the pleasure of attending a talk with the
-<a href="http://www.nuug.no/">Norwegian Unix User Group</a> about
-<a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20140909-sks-keyservers/">the
-OpenPGP keyserver pool sks-keyservers.net</a>, and was very happy to
-learn that there is a large set of publicly available key servers to
-use when looking for peoples public key. So far I have used
-subkeys.pgp.net, and some times wwwkeys.nl.pgp.net when the former
-were misbehaving, but those days are ended. The servers I have used
-up until yesterday have been slow and some times unavailable. I hope
-those problems are gone now.</p>
-
-<p>Behind the round robin DNS entry of the
-<a href="https://sks-keyservers.net/">sks-keyservers.net</a> service
-there is a pool of more than 100 keyservers which are checked every
-day to ensure they are well connected and up to date. It must be
-better than what I have used so far. :)</p>
-
-<p>Yesterdays speaker told me that the service is the default
-keyserver provided by the default configuration in GnuPG, but this do
-not seem to be used in Debian. Perhaps it should?</p>
-
-<p>Anyway, I've updated my ~/.gnupg/options file to now include this
-line:</p>
-
-<p><blockquote><pre>
-keyserver pool.sks-keyservers.net
-</pre></blockquote></p>
-
-<p>With GnuPG version 2 one can also locate the keyserver using SRV
-entries in DNS. Just for fun, I did just that at work, so now every
-user of GnuPG at the University of Oslo should find a OpenGPG
-keyserver automatically should their need it:</p>
-
-<p><blockquote><pre>
-% host -t srv _pgpkey-http._tcp.uio.no
-_pgpkey-http._tcp.uio.no has SRV record 0 100 11371 pool.sks-keyservers.net.
-%
-</pre></blockquote></p>
-
-<p>Now if only
-<a href="http://ietfreport.isoc.org/idref/draft-shaw-openpgp-hkp/">the
-HKP lookup protocol</a> supported finding signature paths, I would be
-very happy. It can look up a given key or search for a user ID, but I
-normally do not want that, but to find a trust path from my key to
-another key. Given a user ID or key ID, I would like to find (and
-download) the keys representing a signature path from my key to the
-key in question, to be able to get a trust path between the two keys.
-This is as far as I can tell not possible today. Perhaps something
-for a future version of the protocol?</p>
-</description>
- </item>
-
- <item>
- <title>Do you need an agreement with MPEG-LA to publish and broadcast H.264 video in Norway?</title>
- <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Do_you_need_an_agreement_with_MPEG_LA_to_publish_and_broadcast_H_264_video_in_Norway_.html</link>
- <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Do_you_need_an_agreement_with_MPEG_LA_to_publish_and_broadcast_H_264_video_in_Norway_.html</guid>
- <pubDate>Mon, 25 Aug 2014 22:10:00 +0200</pubDate>
- <description><p>Two years later, I am still not sure if it is legal here in Norway
-to use or publish a video in H.264 or MPEG4 format edited by the
-commercially licensed video editors, without limiting the use to
-create "personal" or "non-commercial" videos or get a license
-agreement with <a href="http://www.mpegla.com">MPEG LA</a>. If one
-want to publish and broadcast video in a non-personal or commercial
-setting, it might be that those tools can not be used, or that video
-format can not be used, without breaking their copyright license. I
-am not sure.
-<a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Trenger_en_avtale_med_MPEG_LA_for___publisere_og_kringkaste_H_264_video_.html">Back
-then</a>, I found that the copyright license terms for Adobe Premiere
-and Apple Final Cut Pro both specified that one could not use the
-program to produce anything else without a patent license from MPEG
-LA. The issue is not limited to those two products, though. Other
-much used products like those from Avid and Sorenson Media have terms
-of use are similar to those from Adobe and Apple. The complicating
-factor making me unsure if those terms have effect in Norway or not is
-that the patents in question are not valid in Norway, but copyright
-licenses are.</p>
-
-<p>These are the terms for Avid Artist Suite, according to their
-<a href="http://www.avid.com/US/about-avid/legal-notices/legal-enduserlicense2">published
-end user</a>
-<a href="http://www.avid.com/static/resources/common/documents/corporate/LICENSE.pdf">license
-text</a> (converted to lower case text for easier reading):</p>
-
-<p><blockquote>
-<p>18.2. MPEG-4. MPEG-4 technology may be included with the
-software. MPEG LA, L.L.C. requires this notice: </p>
-
-<p>This product is licensed under the MPEG-4 visual patent portfolio
-license for the personal and non-commercial use of a consumer for (i)
-encoding video in compliance with the MPEG-4 visual standard (“MPEG-4
-video”) and/or (ii) decoding MPEG-4 video that was encoded by a
-consumer engaged in a personal and non-commercial activity and/or was
-obtained from a video provider licensed by MPEG LA to provide MPEG-4
-video. No license is granted or shall be implied for any other
-use. Additional information including that relating to promotional,
-internal and commercial uses and licensing may be obtained from MPEG
-LA, LLC. See http://www.mpegla.com. This product is licensed under
-the MPEG-4 systems patent portfolio license for encoding in compliance
-with the MPEG-4 systems standard, except that an additional license
-and payment of royalties are necessary for encoding in connection with
-(i) data stored or replicated in physical media which is paid for on a
-title by title basis and/or (ii) data which is paid for on a title by
-title basis and is transmitted to an end user for permanent storage
-and/or use, such additional license may be obtained from MPEG LA,
-LLC. See http://www.mpegla.com for additional details.</p>
-
-<p>18.3. H.264/AVC. H.264/AVC technology may be included with the
-software. MPEG LA, L.L.C. requires this notice:</p>
-
-<p>This product is licensed under the AVC patent portfolio license for
-the personal use of a consumer or other uses in which it does not
-receive remuneration to (i) encode video in compliance with the AVC
-standard (“AVC video”) and/or (ii) decode AVC video that was encoded
-by a consumer engaged in a personal activity and/or was obtained from
-a video provider licensed to provide AVC video. No license is granted
-or shall be implied for any other use. Additional information may be
-obtained from MPEG LA, L.L.C. See http://www.mpegla.com.</p>
-</blockquote></p>
-
-<p>Note the requirement that the videos created can only be used for
-personal or non-commercial purposes.</p>
-
-<p>The Sorenson Media software have
-<a href="http://www.sorensonmedia.com/terms/">similar terms</a>:</p>
-
-<p><blockquote>
-
-<p>With respect to a license from Sorenson pertaining to MPEG-4 Video
-Decoders and/or Encoders: Any such product is licensed under the
-MPEG-4 visual patent portfolio license for the personal and
-non-commercial use of a consumer for (i) encoding video in compliance
-with the MPEG-4 visual standard (“MPEG-4 video”) and/or (ii) decoding
-MPEG-4 video that was encoded by a consumer engaged in a personal and
-non-commercial activity and/or was obtained from a video provider
-licensed by MPEG LA to provide MPEG-4 video. No license is granted or
-shall be implied for any other use. Additional information including
-that relating to promotional, internal and commercial uses and
-licensing may be obtained from MPEG LA, LLC. See
-http://www.mpegla.com.</p>
-
-<p>With respect to a license from Sorenson pertaining to MPEG-4
-Consumer Recorded Data Encoder, MPEG-4 Systems Internet Data Encoder,
-MPEG-4 Mobile Data Encoder, and/or MPEG-4 Unique Use Encoder: Any such
-product is licensed under the MPEG-4 systems patent portfolio license
-for encoding in compliance with the MPEG-4 systems standard, except
-that an additional license and payment of royalties are necessary for
-encoding in connection with (i) data stored or replicated in physical
-media which is paid for on a title by title basis and/or (ii) data
-which is paid for on a title by title basis and is transmitted to an
-end user for permanent storage and/or use. Such additional license may
-be obtained from MPEG LA, LLC. See http://www.mpegla.com for
-additional details.</p>
-
-</blockquote></p>
-
-<p>Some free software like
-<a href="https://handbrake.fr/">Handbrake</A> and
-<a href="http://ffmpeg.org/">FFMPEG</a> uses GPL/LGPL licenses and do
-not have any such terms included, so for those, there is no
-requirement to limit the use to personal and non-commercial.</p>
-</description>
- </item>
-
- <item>
- <title>Lenker for 2014-08-03</title>
- <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenker_for_2014_08_03.html</link>
- <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenker_for_2014_08_03.html</guid>
- <pubDate>Sun, 3 Aug 2014 23:00:00 +0200</pubDate>
- <description><p>Lenge siden jeg har hatt tid til å publisere lenker til skriverier
-jeg har hatt glede og nytte av av å lese. Her er en liten norsk
-lenkesamling.</p>
-
-<p><ul>
-
-<li><a href="http://www.nrk.no/ytring/sjoslag-om-fiskemilliardene-1.11576109">Sjøslag
-om fiskemilliardene</a> (NRK Ytring 2014-03-03) - litt om hvordan de
-norske felles matressurser røves fra felleskapet.</li>
-
-<li><a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/Matkrisen-kan-komme-til-Norge-7522341.html">Matkrisen
-kan komme til Norge</a> (Aftenposten 2014-4-01) - hvordan miljøendringene vil gjøre matproduksjonen i Norge mer sårbar.</li>
-
-<li><a href="http://www.nrk.no/ytring/norge-trenger-kornlager-1.11726744">Norge
-trenger kornlager</a> (NRK Ytring 2014-06-07) Chr. Anton Smedshaug
-forteller litt om Norges sårbare matsituasjon etter at Staten solgte
-Norges kornlager.</li>
-
-<li><a href="http://www.nrk.no/norge/pst-vil-overvake-datatastaturer-1.11583286">PST
-vil overvåke datatastaturer</a> (NRK 2014-03-04) - PST ønsker retten
-til å bryte seg inn på private PC-er og legge inn spionprogrammer.
-Hvilket nok vil gjøre Linux mer populært, men gjør at en i enda mindre
-grad enn i dag kan stole på datamaskiner - neppe en god ide for
-samfunnet totalt sett.</li>
-
-<li><a href="http://www.osloby.no/nyheter/Ruter-fremstar-som-et-pobelvelde-7490624.html">«Ruter
-fremstår som et pøbelvelde»</a> (OsloBy 2014-03-05) - et eksempel på
-hvordan kollektivtransportselskapet i Oslo håndterer sine kunder.</li>
-
-<li><a href="http://www.dagbladet.no/2014/03/05/nyheter/dbtv/reklame/clear_channel/32123808/">Clear
-Channel nektet å vise Greenpeace-reklame i Oslo</a> (Dagbladet
-2014-03-05) - forteller litt om hvordan hvilke budskap som når ut i
-det offentlige rom kontrolleres i Norge.</li>
-
-<li><a href="http://www.dagbladet.no/2014/03/06/kultur/meninger/debattinnlegg/kronikk/22_juli/32175854/">Svarte
-ikke på kritikken</a> (Dagbladet 2014-03-06) - innlegg fra Norsk
-presseforbund der de nok en gang tar opp det forkastelige i at
-politiet nå har full tilgang til å bedrive telefonkontroll av
-advokater.</li>
-
-<li><a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/uriks/Putin-spiller-poker_-ikke-sjakk-I-sjakk-har-man-regler-7495368.html">«Putin
-spiller poker, ikke sjakk. I sjakk har man regler.»</a> (Aftenposten
-2014-03-08) - sjakklegenden Kasparov forklarer litt om hvordan han ser
-at Russlands politikk fungerer, blant annet i lys av started av
-Ukraina-krisen.</li>
-
-<li><a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/kronikker/I-seng-med-fienden-7492605.html">I
-seng med fienden</a> (Aftenposten 2014-03-10) - kronikk fra Eirik
-H. Vinje om hvordan menn og kvinner settes opp mot hverandre i det
-offentlige ordskiftet, kanskje på sviktende grunnlag.</li>
-
-<li><a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/amagasinet/Hvor-er-elevene-7501690.html">Fritt
-frem for skulk</a> (Aftenposten 2014-03-14) - skildring av hvordan
-norske elever i dag ikke lenger har rimelig krav om oppmøte på
-skolen.</li>
-
-<li><a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/digital/Datalagringsdirektiv-avslorte-abort_-sykdom-og-vapenkjop--7503014.html">«Datalagringsdirektiv»
-avslørte abort, sykdom og våpenkjøp</a> (Aftenposten 2014-03-14) - om
-hvordan forskere har dokumentert hvordan innsamling av metadata om
-telefoni og Internett-bruk kan være svært avslørende.</li>
-
-<li><a href="http://www.dagbladet.no/2014/03/14/kultur/meninger/ideer/lordagskommentaren/agnes_ravatn/32302856/">Konsentrasjonssvikt
-på pensum</a> (Dagbladet 2014-03-14) - Kommentar om hvordan (feil)
-bruk IKT i skolen kan ødelegge mer enn det bidrar til læring.</li>
-
-<li><a href="http://doremusnor.wordpress.com/2014/02/09/reservasjonsrettsstaten/">Reservasjonsrettsstaten</a>
-(blogg fra Doremus 2014-02-09) - morsom beskrivelse om hvordan
-regjeringens forslag til reservasjonsrett for leger kan utvides til å
-gjelde alles samvittighet.</li>
-
-<li><a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/kronikker/Autoritar-gjokunge-7514915.html">Autoritær
-gjøkunge</a> (Aftenposten 2014-03-25) - Kronikk av Bjørn Stærk om
-snurpenots-overvåkningen som varsleren Snowden dokumenterte.</li>
-
-<li><a href="http://blogg.friprog.no/2014/03/leveransekrise-i-offentlig-sektor-mener-mike-bracken-executive-director-of-digital-in-the-cabinet-office/">Leveransekrise
-i Offentlig sektor – mener Mike Bracken, Executive Director of Digital
-in the Cabinet Office</a> (blogg fra Friprog-senteret 2014-03-26).</li>
-
-<li><a href="http://www.dagbladet.no/2014/03/26/kultur/meninger/kronikk/etiopia/avlytting/32499687/">Norge
-må stanse avlyttingen</a> (Dagbladet 2014-03-26) - leserinnlegg fra
-Felix Horne der han ber om at Norge gjør en innsats for å få slutt på
-overvåkning av innbyggerne som gjøres i Norge av Etiopiske
-myndigheter.</li>
-
-<li><a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/kronikker/Demokrati-er-ingen-naturlig-styreform-7521957.html">Demokrati
-er ingen naturlig styreform</a> (Aftenposten 2014-04-01) - kronikk av
-Stein Ringen om hvordan demokrati som styreform går tapt når
-innbyggerne tar det for gitt.</li>
-
-<li><a href="http://www.nrk.no/ytring/ytringsansvar-ere-enhver-tilladte_-1.11618934">Ytringsansvar
-ere Enhver tilladte!</a> (NRK Ytring 2014-04-01) - innspill fra Trygve
-Svensson og Helge Svare om at hver enkelt av oss har et ansvar for å
-ytre oss i den offentlige debatten.</li>
-
-<li><a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/Jeg-er-ingen-god-samfunnsborger-7527128.html">Jeg
-er ingen god samfunnsborger</a> (Aftenposten 2014-04-16), kronikk av
-Simen Tveitereid om alternative måter å motiveres i samfunnet, uten å
-hige etter mer penger og flere ting.</li>
-
-<li><a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/debatt/Avgjorelsen-far-umiddelbar-virkning-7531811.html">DLD-dommen:
-Avgjørelsen får umiddelbar virkning</a> (Aftenposten 2014-04-10) -
-kronikk av Høyres Michael Tetzschner, en partiutbryter i DLD-saken som
-stemte nei til DLD i Stortinget i 2011.</li>
-
-<li><a href="http://www.uhuru.biz/?p=1466">Datalagringsdirektivets
-endelikt</a> (blogg fra John Wessel-Aas 2014-04-11) - oppsummering
-av hvordan direktivet ble funnet ugyldig i EU-domstolen.</li>
-
-<li><a href="http://www.vg.no/nyheter/meninger/kronikk-kapitulasjonspresidenten/a/10147713/">Kronikk:
-Kapitulasjonspresidenten</a> (VG 2014-04-22) - kronikk av Einar
-Kr. Steffenak om hvordan Stortingspresidenten og regjeringen viser sin
-prinsippløshet i møte med Kina.</li>
-
-<li><a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/kronikker/Innerst-inne-er-alle-nordmenn-7542617.html">Innerst
-inne er alle nordmenn</a> (Aftenposten 2014-04-27) - kronikk fra Bjørn
-Stærk om hvordan vi i Vesten i stor grad baserer oss på en fantasi om
-at alle i verden bærer på en drøm om å bli som oss.</li>
-
-<li><a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/viten/uviten/Det-italienske-senatet-gav-seg-selv-134-milliarder-euro-i-sluttpakke--7575312.html">Det
-italienske senatet gav seg selv 134 milliarder euro i sluttpakke</a>
-(Aftenposten 2014-06-19) - forsker Simen Gaure forteller hvordan
-løgner og fantasi fra nettkilder i stor grad blir akseptert som
-sannhet - antagelig også av deg og meg.</li>
-
-<li><a href="http://www.dagbladet.no/2014/05/30/kultur/meninger/kronikk/skole/33576392/">Et
-forsvar for bråkmakerne</a> (Dagbladet 2014-05-30) - kronikk av Dag
-Øystein Nome som beskriver hvordan dagens skole ikke fungerer så godt
-for mange elever.</li>
-
-<li><a href="http://www.osloby.no/nyheter/Betalte-med-slitt-seddel---havnet-i-arresten-7617208.html">Betalte
-med slitt seddel - havnet i arresten</a> (Osloby 2014-06-25)) -
-dokumentasjon av Oslopolitiets angrep på vår alles rett til å ferdes
-uten elektronisk sporing. Jeg bruker kontanter i så stor grad som
-mulig da banken ikke har noe med hvor jeg er og hva jeg kjøper. Vi
-som gjør dette risikerer som beskrevet overgrep som frihetsberøvelse
-og registrering og lagring av fingeravtrykk og bilde i politiets
-database over mistenkte.</li>
-
-<li><a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/leder/Fredsprisen-til-Snowden-7620422.html">Fredsprisen
-til Snowden</a> (Aftenposten 2014-06-28) - leder som forklarer hvorfor
-varsleren Snowden bør få fredsprisen.</li>
-
-<li><a href="http://www.dagbladet.no/2014/08/01/kultur/meninger/dbmener/leder1/34598010/">Strategi
-for politistaten</a> (Dagbladet 2014-08-01) - leder som advarer om
-sterke krefter som bruker terrortrusselen til å lirke Norge nærmere å
-bli en politistat.</li>
-
-<li><a href="http://www.nrk.no/ytring/vi-ma-tenke-nytt-om-narkotika-1.11859322">Vi
-må tenke nytt om narkotika</a> (NRK Ytring 2014-08-03) - Mark Lewis
-forklarer hvorfor legalisering og offentlig kontroll av
-narkotikamarkedet er mye bedre enn å overlate det til kriminelle.</li>
-
-
-</ul></p>
-</description>
- </item>
-
- <item>
- <title>Debian Edu interview: Bernd Zeitzen</title>
- <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Bernd_Zeitzen.html</link>
- <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Bernd_Zeitzen.html</guid>
- <pubDate>Thu, 31 Jul 2014 08:30:00 +0200</pubDate>
- <description><p>The complete and free “out of the box” software solution for
-schools, <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
-Skolelinux</a>, is used quite a lot in Germany, and one of the people
-involved is Bernd Zeitzen, who show up on the project mailing lists
-from time to time with interesting questions and tips on how to adjust
-the setup. I managed to interview him this summer.</p>
-
-<p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
-
-<p>My name is Bernd Zeitzen and I'm married with Hedda, a self
-employed physiotherapist. My former profession is tool maker, but I
-haven't worked for 30 years in this job. 30 years ago I started to
-support my wife and become her officeworker and a few years later the
-administrator for a small computer network, today based on Ubuntu
-Server (Samba, OpenVPN). For her daily work she has to use Windows
-Desktops because the software she needs to organize her business only
-works with Windows . :-(</p>
-
-<p>In 1988 we started with one PC and DOS, then I learned to use
-Windows 98, 2000, XP, …, 8, Ubuntu, MacOSX. Today we are running a
-Linux server with 6 Windows clients and 10 persons (teacher of
-children with special needs, speech therapist, occupational therapist,
-psychologist and officeworkers) using our Samba shares via OpenVPN to
-work with the documentations of our patients.</p>
-
-<p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
-project?</strong></p>
-
-<p>Two years ago a friend of mine asked me, if I want to get a job in
-his school (<a href="http://www.gymnasium-harsewinkel.de/">Gymnasium
-Harsewinkel</a>). They started with Skolelinux / Debian Edu and they
-were looking for people to give support to the teachers using the
-software and the network and teaching the pupils increasing their
-computer skills in optional lessons. I'm spending 4-6 hours a week
-with this job.</p>
-
-<p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
-Edu?</strong></p>
-
-<p>The independence.</p>
-
-<p>First: Every person is allowed to use, share and develop the
-software. Even if you are poor, you are allowed to use the software
-included in Skolelinux/Debian Edu and all the other Free Software.</p>
-
-<p>Second: The software runs on old machines and this gives us the
-possibility to recycle computers, weeded out from offices. The
-servers and desktops are running for more than two years and they are
-working reliable. </p>
-
-<p>We have two servers (one tjener and one terminal server), 45
-workstations in three classrooms and seven laptops as a mobile
-solution for all classrooms. These machines are all booting from the
-terminal server. In the moment we are installing 30 laptops as mobile
-workstations. Then the pupils have the possibility to work with these
-machines in their classrooms. Internet access is realized by a WLAN
-router, connected to the schools network. This is all done without a
-dedicated system administrator or a computer science teacher.</p>
-
-<p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
-Edu?</strong></p>
-
-<p>Teachers and pupils are Windows users. &lt;Irony on&gt; And Linux
-isn't cool. It's software for freaks using the command line. &lt;Irony
-off&gt; They don't realize the stability of the system. </p>
-
-<p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
-
-<p>Firefox, Thunderbird, LibreOffice, Ubuntu Server 12.04 (Samba,
-Apache, MySQL, Joomla!, … and Skolelinux / Debian Edu)</p>
-
-<p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
-get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
-
-<p>In Germany we have the situation: every school is free to decide
-which software they want to use. This decision is influenced by
-teachers who learned to use Windows and MS Office. They buy a PC with
-Windows preinstalled and an additional testing version of MS
-Office. They don't know about the possibility to use Free Software
-instead. Another problem are the publisher of school books. They
-develop their software, added to the school books, for Windows.</p>
-</description>
- </item>
-
</channel>
</rss>
projects / homepage.git / blobdiff