<h3>Entries from October 2013.</h3>
+ <div class="entry">
+ <div class="title">
+ <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Teaching_vmdebootstrap_to_create_Raspberry_Pi_SD_card_images.html">Teaching vmdebootstrap to create Raspberry Pi SD card images</a>
+ </div>
+ <div class="date">
+ 27th October 2013
+ </div>
+ <div class="body">
+ <p>The
+<a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/v/vmdebootstrap.html">vmdebootstrap</a>
+program is a a very nice system to create virtual machine images. It
+create a image file, add a partition table, mount it and run
+debootstrap in the mounted directory to create a Debian system on a
+stick. Yesterday, I decided to try to teach it how to make images for
+<a href="https://wiki.debian.org/RaspberryPi">Raspberry Pi</a>, as part
+of a plan to simplify the build system for
+<a href="https://wiki.debian.org/FreedomBox">the FreedomBox
+project</a>. The FreedomBox project already uses vmdebootstrap for
+the virtualbox images, but its current build system made multistrap
+based system for Dreamplug images, and it is lacking support for
+Raspberry Pi.</p>
+
+<p>Armed with the knowledge on how to build "foreign" (aka non-native
+architecture) chroots for Raspberry Pi, I dived into the vmdebootstrap
+code and adjusted it to be able to build armel images on my amd64
+Debian laptop. I ended up giving vmdebootstrap five new options,
+allowing me to replicate the image creation process I use to make
+<a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_Raspberry_Pi_based_batman_adv_Mesh_network_node.html">Debian
+Jessie based mesh node images for the Raspberry Pi</a>. First, the
+<tt>--foreign /path/to/binfm_handler</tt> option tell vmdebootstrap to
+call debootstrap with --foreign and to copy the handler into the
+generated chroot before running the second stage. This allow
+vmdebootstrap to create armel images on an amd64 host. Next I added
+two new options <tt>--bootsize size</tt> and <tt>--boottype
+fstype</tt> to teach it to create a separate /boot/ partition with the
+given file system type, allowing me to create an image with a vfat
+partition for the /boot/ stuff. I also added a <tt>--variant
+variant</tt> option to allow me to create smaller images without the
+Debian base system packages installed. Finally, I added an option
+<tt>--no-extlinux</tt> to tell vmdebootstrap to not install extlinux
+as a boot loader. It is not needed on the Raspberry Pi and probably
+most other non-x86 architectures. The changes were accepted by the
+upstream author of vmdebootstrap yesterday and today, and is now
+available from
+<a href="http://git.liw.fi/cgi-bin/cgit/cgit.cgi/vmdebootstrap/">the
+upstream project page</a>.</p>
+
+<p>To use it to build a Raspberry Pi image using Debian Jessie, first
+create a small script (the customize script) to add the non-free
+binary blob needed to boot the Raspberry Pi and the APT source
+list:</p>
+
+<p><pre>
+#!/bin/sh
+set -e # Exit on first error
+rootdir="$1"
+cd "$rootdir"
+cat <<EOF > etc/apt/sources.list
+deb http://http.debian.net/debian/ jessie main contrib non-free
+EOF
+# Install non-free binary blob needed to boot Raspberry Pi. This
+# install a kernel somewhere too.
+wget https://raw.github.com/Hexxeh/rpi-update/master/rpi-update \
+ -O $rootdir/usr/bin/rpi-update
+chmod a+x $rootdir/usr/bin/rpi-update
+mkdir -p $rootdir/lib/modules
+touch $rootdir/boot/start.elf
+chroot $rootdir rpi-update
+</pre></p>
+
+<p>Next, fetch the latest vmdebootstrap script and call it like this
+to build the image:</p>
+
+<pre>
+sudo ./vmdebootstrap \
+ --variant minbase \
+ --arch armel \
+ --distribution jessie \
+ --mirror http://http.debian.net/debian \
+ --image test.img \
+ --size 600M \
+ --bootsize 64M \
+ --boottype vfat \
+ --log-level debug \
+ --verbose \
+ --no-kernel \
+ --no-extlinux \
+ --root-password raspberry \
+ --hostname raspberrypi \
+ --foreign /usr/bin/qemu-arm-static \
+ --customize `pwd`/customize \
+ --package netbase \
+ --package git-core \
+ --package binutils \
+ --package ca-certificates \
+ --package wget \
+ --package kmod
+</pre></p>
+
+<p>The list of packages being installed are the ones needed by
+rpi-update to make the image bootable on the Raspberry Pi, with the
+exception of netbase, which is needed by debootstrap to find
+/etc/hosts with the minbase variant. I really wish there was a way to
+set up an Raspberry Pi using only packages in the Debian archive, but
+that is not possible as far as I know, because it boots from the GPU
+using a non-free binary blob.</p>
+
+<p>The build host need debootstrap, kpartx and qemu-user-static and
+probably a few others installed. I have not checked the complete
+build dependency list.</p>
+
+<p>The resulting image will not use the hardware floating point unit
+on the Raspberry PI, because the armel architecture in Debian is not
+optimized for that use. So the images created will be a bit slower
+than <a href="http://www.raspbian.org/">Raspbian</a> based images.</p>
+
+ </div>
+ <div class="tags">
+
+
+ Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freedombox">freedombox</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/mesh network">mesh network</a>.
+
+
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="padding"></div>
+
+ <div class="entry">
+ <div class="title">
+ <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Det_er_jo_makta_som_er_mest_s_rbar_ved_massiv_overv_kning_av_Internett.html">Det er jo makta som er mest sårbar ved massiv overvåkning av Internett</a>
+ </div>
+ <div class="date">
+ 26th October 2013
+ </div>
+ <div class="body">
+ <p>De siste måneders eksponering av
+<a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/uriks/Her-er-Edvard-Snowdens-mest-omtalte-avsloringer-7351734.html">den
+totale overvåkningen som foregår i den vestlige verden dokumenterer
+hvor sårbare vi er</a>. Men det slår meg at de som er mest sårbare
+for dette, myndighetspersoner på alle nivåer, neppe har innsett at de
+selv er de mest interessante personene å lage profiler på, for å kunne
+påvirke dem.</p>
+
+<p>For å ta et lite eksempel: Stortingets nettsted,
+<a href="http://www.stortinget.no/">www.stortinget.no</a> (og
+forsåvidt også
+<a href="http://data.stortinget.no/">data.stortinget.no</a>),
+inneholder informasjon om det som foregår på Stortinget, og jeg antar
+de største brukerne av informasjonen der er representanter og
+rådgivere på Stortinget. Intet overraskende med det. Det som derimot
+er mer skjult er at Stortingets nettsted bruker
+<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Analytics">Google
+Analytics</a>, hvilket gjør at enhver som besøker nettsidene der også
+rapporterer om besøket via Internett-linjer som passerer Sverige,
+England og videre til USA. Det betyr at informasjon om ethvert besøk
+på stortingets nettsider kan snappes opp av svensk, britisk og USAs
+etterretningsvesen. De kan dermed holde et øye med hvilke
+Stortingssaker stortingsrepresentantene synes er interessante å sjekke
+ut, og hvilke sider rådgivere og andre på stortinget synes er
+interessant å besøke, når de gjør det og hvilke andre representanter
+som sjekker de samme sidene omtrent samtidig. Stortingets bruk av
+Google Analytics gjør det dermed enkelt for utenlands etteretning å
+spore representantenes aktivitet og interesse. Hvis noen av
+representantene bruker Google Mail eller noen andre tjenestene som
+krever innlogging, så vil det være enda enklere å finne ut nøyaktig
+hvilke personer som bruker hvilke nettlesere og dermed knytte
+informasjonen opp til enkeltpersoner på Stortinget.</p>
+
+<p>Og jo flere nettsteder som bruker Google Analytics, jo bedre
+oversikt over stortingsrepresentantenes lesevaner og interesse blir
+tilgjengelig for svensk, britisk og USAs etterretning. Hva de kan
+bruke den informasjonen til overlater jeg til leseren å undres
+over.</p>
+
+ </div>
+ <div class="tags">
+
+
+ Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stortinget">stortinget</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance</a>.
+
+
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="padding"></div>
+
<div class="entry">
<div class="title">
<a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_Raspberry_Pi_based_batman_adv_Mesh_network_node.html">A Raspberry Pi based batman-adv Mesh network node</a>
<div class="body">
<p>The last few days I have been experimenting with
<a href="http://www.open-mesh.org/projects/batman-adv/wiki">the
-batman-adv mech technology</a>. I want to gain some experience to see
+batman-adv mesh technology</a>. I want to gain some experience to see
if it will fit <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/FreedomBox">the
Freedombox project</a>, and together with my neighbors try to build a
mesh network around the park where I live. Batman-adv is a layer 2
<h2>Archive</h2>
<ul>
+<li>2015
+<ul>
+
+<li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/01/">January (7)</a></li>
+
+<li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/02/">February (6)</a></li>
+
+<li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/03/">March (1)</a></li>
+
+<li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/04/">April (4)</a></li>
+
+<li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/05/">May (2)</a></li>
+
+</ul></li>
+
+<li>2014
+<ul>
+
+<li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/01/">January (2)</a></li>
+
+<li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/02/">February (3)</a></li>
+
+<li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/03/">March (8)</a></li>
+
+<li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/04/">April (7)</a></li>
+
+<li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/05/">May (1)</a></li>
+
+<li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/06/">June (2)</a></li>
+
+<li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/07/">July (2)</a></li>
+
+<li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/08/">August (2)</a></li>
+
+<li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/09/">September (5)</a></li>
+
+<li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/10/">October (6)</a></li>
+
+<li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/11/">November (3)</a></li>
+
+<li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/12/">December (5)</a></li>
+
+</ul></li>
+
<li>2013
<ul>
<li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/09/">September (5)</a></li>
-<li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/10/">October (5)</a></li>
+<li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/10/">October (7)</a></li>
+
+<li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/11/">November (9)</a></li>
+
+<li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/12/">December (3)</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bankid">bankid (4)</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bitcoin">bitcoin (7)</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bitcoin">bitcoin (8)</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem (12)</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem (15)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bsa">bsa (2)</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian (87)</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/chrpath">chrpath (2)</a></li>
+
+ <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian (109)</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu (142)</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu (153)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/digistan">digistan (10)</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook (10)</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/dld">dld (15)</a></li>
+
+ <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook (13)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/drivstoffpriser">drivstoffpriser (4)</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english (222)</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english (277)</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fiksgatami">fiksgatami (21)</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fiksgatami">fiksgatami (23)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fildeling">fildeling (12)</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture (12)</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture (15)</a></li>
+
+ <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freedombox">freedombox (9)</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freedombox">freedombox (4)</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/frikanalen">frikanalen (14)</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/frikanalen">frikanalen (11)</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju (42)</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju (37)</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram (10)</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram (7)</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kart">kart (19)</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kart">kart (18)</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap (9)</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap (8)</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker (8)</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker (6)</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lsdvd">lsdvd (2)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp (1)</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/mesh network">mesh network (2)</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/mesh network">mesh network (8)</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia (25)</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia (32)</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk (235)</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk (260)</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug (156)</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug (176)</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn (8)</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn (16)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/open311">open311 (2)</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett (45)</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett (51)</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern (66)</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern (85)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/raid">raid (1)</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reactos">reactos (1)</a></li>
+
<li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reprap">reprap (11)</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rfid">rfid (2)</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rfid">rfid (3)</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/robot">robot (8)</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/robot">robot (9)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rss">rss (1)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/scraperwiki">scraperwiki (2)</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet (31)</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet (41)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary (4)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/skepsis">skepsis (4)</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard (43)</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard (46)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll (3)</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stortinget">stortinget (8)</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stortinget">stortinget (9)</a></li>
+
+ <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance (32)</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance (19)</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sysadmin">sysadmin (2)</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sysadmin">sysadmin (1)</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/usenix">usenix (2)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/valg">valg (8)</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video (39)</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video (50)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/vitenskap">vitenskap (4)</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web (28)</a></li>
+ <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web (35)</a></li>
</ul>