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-               <title>Opphavsretts-status for «Empty Socks» fra 1927?</title>
-               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Opphavsretts_status_for__Empty_Socks__fra_1927_.html</link>
-               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Opphavsretts_status_for__Empty_Socks__fra_1927_.html</guid>
-                <pubDate>Fri, 12 Dec 2014 14:30:00 +0100</pubDate>
-               <description>&lt;p&gt;For noen dager siden
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nb.no/Hva-skjer/Aktuelt/Nyheter/Tapt-filmskatt-fra-Disney-funnet-i-Nasjonalbiblioteket&quot;&gt;annonserte
-Nasjonalbiblioteket gladnyheten&lt;/a&gt; om at de i sine arkiver hadde
-funnet et nitratfilm-eksemplar av en 87 år gammel Disney-film ved navn
-Empty Socks, en film som tidligere var antatt tapt og der det i følge
-nyhetsmeldinger var kun ca. 25 sekunder bevart for ettertiden.
-Nasjonalbiblioteket hadde 5 minutter og 30 sekunder av filmen i sitt
-magasin.  Dette er flott for bevaringen av verdens kulturarv.  5,5
-minutter mindre tapt enn vi trodde av får felles historie.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Men hvordan kunne filmen gå tapt, når arkivlovene i USA krevde at
-publiserte filmer på den tiden ble deponert i bibliotek?  Forklaringen
-har jeg fra Lawrence Lessig og boken
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://free-culture.cc/&quot;&gt;Free Culture&lt;/a&gt;, som jeg holder på
-&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig&quot;&gt;å
-oversette til norsk&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;
+               <title>Graphing the Norwegian company ownership structure</title>
+               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Graphing_the_Norwegian_company_ownership_structure.html</link>
+               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Graphing_the_Norwegian_company_ownership_structure.html</guid>
+                <pubDate>Mon, 15 Jun 2015 14:00:00 +0200</pubDate>
+               <description>&lt;p&gt;It is a bit work to figure out the ownership structure of companies
+in Norway.  The information is publicly available, but one need to
+recursively look up ownership for all owners to figure out the complete
+ownership graph of a given set of companies.  To save me the work in
+the future, I wrote a script to do this automatically, outputting the
+ownership structure using the Graphviz/dotty format.  The data source
+is web scraping from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.proff.no/&quot;&gt;Proff&lt;/a&gt;, because
+I failed to find a useful source directly from the official keepers of
+the ownership data, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.brreg.no/&quot;&gt;Brønnøysundsregistrene&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;To get an owner ship graph for a set of companies, fetch
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/brreg-norway-ownership-graph&quot;&gt;the code from git&lt;/a&gt; and run it using the organisation number.  I&#39;m
+using the Norwegian newspaper Dagbladet as an example here, as its
+ownership structure is very simple:&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;pre&gt;
+% time ./bin/eierskap-dotty 958033540 &gt; dagbladet.dot
+
+real    0m2.841s
+user    0m0.184s
+sys     0m0.036s
+%
+&lt;/pre&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;The script accept several organisation numbers on the command line,
+allowing a cluster of companies to be graphed in the same image.  The
+resulting dot file for the example above look like this.  The edges
+are labeled with the ownership percentage, and the nodes uses the
+organisation number as their name and the name as the label:&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;pre&gt;
+digraph ownership {
+rankdir = LR;
+&quot;Aller Holding A/s&quot; -&gt; &quot;910119877&quot; [label=&quot;100%&quot;]
+&quot;910119877&quot; -&gt; &quot;998689015&quot; [label=&quot;100%&quot;]
+&quot;998689015&quot; -&gt; &quot;958033540&quot; [label=&quot;99%&quot;]
+&quot;974530600&quot; -&gt; &quot;958033540&quot; [label=&quot;1%&quot;]
+&quot;958033540&quot; [label=&quot;AS DAGBLADET&quot;]
+&quot;998689015&quot; [label=&quot;Berner Media Holding AS&quot;]
+&quot;974530600&quot; [label=&quot;Dagbladets Stiftelse&quot;]
+&quot;910119877&quot; [label=&quot;Aller Media AS&quot;]
+}
+&lt;/pre&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;To view the ownership graph, run &quot;&lt;tt&gt;dotty dagbladet.dot&lt;/tt&gt;&quot; or
+convert it to a PNG using &quot;&lt;tt&gt;dot -T png dagbladet.dot &gt;
+dagbladet.png&lt;/tt&gt;&quot;.  This is the result can be seen below:&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;img src=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2015-06-15-ownership-graphs-norway-dagbladet.png&quot; width=&quot;80%&quot;&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Note that I suspect the &quot;Aller Holding A/S&quot; entry to be incorrect
+data in the official ownership register, as that name is not
+registered in the official company register for Norway.  The ownership
+register is sensitive to typos and there seem to be no strict checking
+of the ownership links.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Let me know if you improve the script or find better data sources.
+The code is licensed according to GPL 2 or newer.&lt;/p&gt;
+</description>
+       </item>
+       
+       <item>
+               <title>Measuring and adjusting the loudness of a TV channel using bs1770gain</title>
+               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Measuring_and_adjusting_the_loudness_of_a_TV_channel_using_bs1770gain.html</link>
+               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Measuring_and_adjusting_the_loudness_of_a_TV_channel_using_bs1770gain.html</guid>
+                <pubDate>Thu, 11 Jun 2015 13:40:00 +0200</pubDate>
+               <description>&lt;p&gt;Television loudness is the source of frustration for viewers
+everywhere.  Some channels are very load, others are less loud, and
+ads tend to shout very high to get the attention of the viewers, and
+the viewers do not like this.  This fact is well known to the TV
+channels.  See for example the BBC white paper
+&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://downloads.bbc.co.uk/rd/pubs/whp/whp-pdf-files/WHP202.pdf&quot;&gt;Terminology
+for loudness and level dBTP, LU, and all that&lt;/a&gt;&quot; from 2011 for a
+summary of the problem domain.  To better address the need for even
+loadness, the TV channels got together several years ago to agree on a
+new way to measure loudness in digital files as one step in
+standardizing loudness.  From this came the ITU-R standard BS.1770,
+&quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.itu.int/rec/R-REC-BS.1770/en&quot;&gt;Algorithms to
+measure audio programme loudness and true-peak audio level&lt;/a&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;The ITU-R BS.1770 specification describe an algorithm to measure
+loadness in LUFS (Loudness Units, referenced to Full Scale). But
+having a way to measure is not enough.  To get the same loudness
+across TV channels, one also need to decide which value to standardize
+on.  For European TV channels, this was done in the EBU Recommondaton
+R128, &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://tech.ebu.ch/docs/r/r128.pdf&quot;&gt;Loudness
+normalisation and permitted maximum level of audio signals&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, which
+specifies a recommended level of -23 LUFS.  In Norway, I have been
+told that NRK, TV2, MTG and SBS have decided among themselves to
+follow the R128 recommondation for playout from 2016-03-01.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;There are free software available to measure and adjust the loudness
+level using the LUFS.  In Debian, I am aware of a library named
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/libebur128&quot;&gt;libebur128&lt;/a&gt;
+able to measure the loudness and since yesterday morning a new binary
+named &lt;a href=&quot;http://bs1770gain.sourceforge.net&quot;&gt;bs1770gain&lt;/a&gt;
+capable of both measuring and adjusting was uploaded and is waiting
+for NEW processing.  I plan to maintain the latter in Debian under the
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://qa.debian.org/developer.php?email=pkg-multimedia-maintainers%40lists.alioth.debian.org&quot;&gt;Debian
+multimedia&lt;/a&gt; umbrella.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;The free software based TV channel I am involved in,
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.frikanalen.no/&quot;&gt;Frikanalen&lt;/a&gt;, plan to follow the
+R128 recommondation ourself as soon as we can adjust the software to
+do so, and the bs1770gain tool seem like a good fit for that part of
+the puzzle to measure loudness on new video uploaded to Frikanalen.
+Personally, I plan to use bs1770gain to adjust the loudness of videos
+I upload to Frikanalen on behalf of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/&quot;&gt;the
+NUUG member organisation&lt;/a&gt;.  The program seem to be able to measure
+the LUFS value of any media file handled by ffmpeg, but I&#39;ve only
+successfully adjusted the LUFS value of WAV files.  I suspect it
+should be able to adjust it for all the formats handled by ffmpeg.&lt;/p&gt;
+</description>
+       </item>
+       
+       <item>
+               <title>Hva gjør at NRK kan distribuere H.264-video uten patentavtale med MPEG LA?</title>
+               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hva_gj_r_at_NRK_kan_distribuere_H_264_video_uten_patentavtale_med_MPEG_LA_.html</link>
+               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hva_gj_r_at_NRK_kan_distribuere_H_264_video_uten_patentavtale_med_MPEG_LA_.html</guid>
+                <pubDate>Wed, 10 Jun 2015 15:20:00 +0200</pubDate>
+               <description>&lt;p&gt;Helt siden jeg i 2012 fikk beskjed fra MPEG LA om at
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/MPEG_LA_mener_NRK_m__ha_avtale_med_dem_for___kringkaste_og_publisere_H_264_video.html&quot;&gt;NRK
+trengte patentavtale med dem&lt;/a&gt; hvis de distribuerte H.264-video til
+sluttbrukere, har jeg lurt på hva som gjør at NRK ikke har slik
+avtale.  For noen dager siden fikk jeg endelig gjort noe med min
+undring, og sendte 2015-05-28 følgende epost til info (at) nrk.no med
+tittel &quot;Hva gjør at NRK kan distribuere H.264-video uten patentavtale
+med MPEG LA?&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;

 
 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
 
 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;

-&lt;p&gt;Dette er delvis på grunn av loven. Opphavsrettseiere var tidlig i
-  amerikansk opphavsrettslov nødt til å deponere kopier av sine verk i
-  biblioteker. Disse kopiene skulle både sikre spredning av kunnskap,
-  og sikre at det fantes en kopi av verket tilgjengelig når vernetiden
-  utløp, slik at andre kunne få tilgang til og kopiere verket.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Disse reglene gjaldt også for filmer. Men i 1915 gjorde
-  kongressbiblioteket et unntak for film. Filmer kunne bli
-  opphavsrettsbeskyttet så lenge det ble gjort slik deponering. Men
-  filmskaperne fikk så lov til å låne tilbake de deponerte filmene -
-  så lenge de ville uten noe kostnad. Bare i 1915 var det mer enn 5475
-  filmer deponert og “lånt tilbake”. Dermed var det ikke noe eksemplar
-  i noe bibliotek når vernetiden til filmen utløp. Eksemplaret
-  eksisterer - hvis den finnes i det hele tatt - i arkivbiblioteket
-  til filmselskapet.&lt;/p&gt;
+&lt;p&gt;Jeg lurer på en ting rundt NRKs bruk av H.264-video på sine
+websider samt distribusjon via RiksTV og kabel-TV.  Har NRK vurdert om
+det er behov for en patentavtale med
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mpegla.com/&quot;&gt;MPEG LA&lt;/a&gt; slik det står i
+programvarelisensene til blant annet Apple Final Cut Studio, Adobe
+Premiere Pro, Avid og Apples Final Cut Pro X?&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Hvis dere har vurdert dette, hva var utfallet av en slik vurdering?&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Hvis dere ikke har vurdert dette, har NRK planer om å vurdere behovet
+for patentavtale?&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;I følge en artikkel på
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://nrkbeta.no/2012/02/01/siste-kutt-for-final-cut/&quot;&gt;NRK
+Beta i 2012&lt;/a&gt; har NRK brukt eller testet både Apple Final Cut
+Studio, Adobe Premiere Pro, Avid og Apples Final Cut Pro X til bruk
+for å redigere video før sending. Alle disse har bruksvilkår
+understøttet av opphavsretten som sier at de kun kan brukes til å lage
+filmer til personlig og ikke-kommersiell bruk - med mindre en har en
+lisensavtale med MPEG LA om bruk av patenter utstedt i USA for H.264.
+Se f.eks. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.avid.com/static/resources/common/documents/corporate/LICENSE.pdf&quot;&gt;bruksvilkårene for Avid&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://news.cnet.com/8301-30685_3-20000101-264.html&quot;&gt;Adobe Premiere&lt;/a&gt; og &lt;a href=&quot;http://images.apple.com/legal/sla/docs/finalcutstudio2.pdf&quot;&gt;Apple Final
+Cut Studio&lt;/a&gt; og søk etter &quot;MPEG LA&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Dette får meg til å lure på om det er brudd på opphavsretten å bruke
+disse verktøyene i strid med bruksvilkårene uten patentavtale med MPEG
+LA.  Men NRK bruker jo tilsynelatende disse verktøyene uten patentavtale
+med MPEG LA.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;I følge forfatteren av Open Broadcast Encoder finnes det to typer
+H.264-relaterte avtaler en kan få med MPEG LA. Det er én for å lage
+programvare og utstyr som produserer H.264-video, og en annen for å
+kringkaste video som bruker H.264. Dette forteller meg at selv om
+produsentene av utstyr og programvare som NRK bruker har en slik avtale
+med MPEG LA, så trenges det en egen avtale for å kringkaste video på det
+formatet.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;I følge Ryan Rodriguez hos MPEG LA, da jeg spurte ham på epost i
+juni 2012, har NRK ikke en slik avtale med MPEG LA. Han sa videre at
+NRK trenger en slik avtale hvis NRK tilbyr H.264-kodet video til
+sluttbrukere.  Jeg sjekket listen med
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mpegla.com/main/programs/AVC/Pages/Licensees.aspx&quot;&gt;organisasjoner
+med avtale med MPEG LA&lt;/a&gt; og NRK står fortsatt ikke der.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Jeg lurer dermed på hva som gjør at NRK kan bruke de overnevnte
+videoredigeringsverktøyene, som tilsynelatende har krav om avtale med
+MPEG LA for å kunne brukes slik NRK bruker dem, til å lage videofiler
+for distribusjon uten å ha en avtale med MPEG LA om distribusjon av
+H.264-video?  Dette er spesielt interessant å vite for oss andre som
+også vurderer å spre H.264-video etter å ha redigert dem med disse mye
+brukte videoredigeringsverktøyene.&lt;/p&gt;

 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
 
 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
 

-&lt;p&gt;Nyheten gjorde meg nysgjerrig på om filmen kunne være falt i det
-fri.  En 87 år gammel film kunne jo tenkes å ha blitt en del av
-allemannseiet, slik at vi alle kan bruke den til å bygge videre på vår
-felles kultur uten å måtte be om tillatelse - slik Walt Disney gjorde
-det i starten av sin karriere.  Jeg spurte nasjonalbiblioteket, og de
-sa nei.  Hvordan kan det ha seg med en så gammel film?  Jeg besteme
-meg for å undersøke nærmere.  En kan finne informasjon om den norske
-vernetiden på
-&lt;a href=&quot;https://lovdata.no/dokument/NL/lov/1961-05-12-2&quot;&gt;Lovdata&lt;/a&gt;
-og &lt;/a&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/A&gt;.  Her er et relevant &lt;a
-href=&quot;https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opphavsrett#Vernetid&quot;&gt;utsnitt fra
-siden om opphavsrett i den norske Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;
+&lt;p&gt;Samme dag fikk jeg automatisk svar om at min henvendelse hadde fått
+saksid 1294699.  Jeg fikk deretter følgende respons fra NRK
+2015-06-09:&lt;/p&gt;

 
 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
 
 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;

-  Ifølge åndsverkloven §§ 40-41 utløper vernetiden for et åndsverk 70
-  år etter utløpet av opphavspersonens dødsår.  [...]  For filmverk
-  gjelder særlige regler: Her kommer ikke alle mulige opphavspersoner
-  i betraktning, men kun hovedregissøren, manusforfatteren,
-  dialogforfatteren og komponisten av filmmusikken. Vernetiden
-  begynner å løpe etter utgangen av dødsåret til den lengstlevende av
-  disse. [...] Der opphavspersonen er ukjent, utløper opphavsretten 70
-  år etter første kjente offentliggjørelse av verket. Det er kun de
-  økonomiske rettighetene som faller bort i det vernetiden er
-  utløpt. De ideelle rettighetene må fortsatt respekteres, noe som
-  blant annet innebærer at man plikter å navngi opphavspersonen ved
-  tilgjengeliggjøring.
+&lt;p&gt;Hei, beklager lang svartid, men det tok litt tid å finne ut hvem som kunne
+svare på dette.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;For selskaper som leverer h.264 til sluttbrukere på nett (f.eks
+NRKs nett- tv utgaver som bruker h.264) - og som leverer slike
+tjenester uten betaling fra forbrukere – er det heller ikke påkrevd
+noen patentavtale.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20100825006629/en/MPEG-LA%E2%80%99s-AVC-License-Charge-Royalties-Internet#.VWb2ws_774Y&quot;&gt;http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20100825006629/en/MPEG-LA%E2%80%99s-AVC-License-Charge-Royalties-Internet#.VWb2ws_774Y&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Med vennlig hilsen
+&lt;br&gt;Gunn Helen Berg
+&lt;br&gt;Informasjonskonsulent, Publikumsservice&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;NRK
+&lt;br&gt;Strategidivisjonen
+&lt;Br&gt;Sentralbord: +47 23 04 70 00
+&lt;br&gt;Post: NRK Publikumsservice, 8608 Mo i Rana
+&lt;br&gt;nrk.no / info (at) nrk.no&lt;/p&gt;

 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
 
 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
 

-&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.disneyshorts.org/shorts.aspx?shortID=75&quot;&gt;I følge
-nettstedet X&lt;/a&gt; er følgende personer gitt æren for denne
-kortfilmen:&lt;/p&gt;
+Da dette ikke helt var svar på det jeg lurte på, sendte jeg samme dag
+oppfølgerepost tilbake:

 
 

-&lt;dl&gt;
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
+&lt;p&gt;[Gunn Helen Berg]
+&lt;br&gt;&gt; Hei, beklager lang svartid, men det tok litt tid å finne ut hvem som
+&lt;br&gt;&gt; kunne svare på dette.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Takk for svar.  Men det besvarte ikke helt det jeg spurte om.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;&gt; For selskaper som leverer h.264 til sluttbrukere på nett (f.eks NRKs
+&lt;br&gt;&gt; nett- tv utgaver som bruker h.264) - og som leverer slike tjenester
+&lt;br&gt;&gt; uten betaling fra forbrukere – er det heller ikke påkrevd noen
+&lt;br&gt;&gt; patentavtale.
+&lt;br&gt;&gt;
+&lt;br&gt;&gt; http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20100825006629/en/MPEG-LA%E2%80%99s-AVC-License-Charge-Royalties-Internet#.VWb2ws_774Y&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Spørsmålet er ikke kun om MPEG LA krever patentavtale eller ikke
+(hvilket ikke helt besvares av pressemeldingen omtalt over, gitt at
+pressemeldingen kom i 2010, to år før MPEG LA ansvarlige for
+internasjonal lisensiering egen Ryan Rodriguez fortalte meg på epost
+at NRK trenger en lisens.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Det er uklart fra pressemeldingen hva &quot;Internet Broadcast AVC
+Video&quot; konkret betyr, men i følge en
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mpegla.com/main/programs/avc/Documents/avcweb.pdf&quot;&gt;presentasjon
+fra MPEG LA med tema &quot;AVC PAtent Portfoli License Briefing&quot; datert
+2015-05-15&lt;/a&gt; gjelder &quot;Internet Broadcast AVC Video&quot; kun kringkasting
+på Internet som ikke tilbyr valg av enkeltinnslag (&quot;not
+title-by-title&quot;), hvilket jo NRK gjør på sine nettsider.  I tillegg
+kringkaster jo NRK H.264-video også utenom Internet (RiksTV, kabel,
+satelitt), hvilket helt klart ikke er dekket av vilkårene omtalt i
+pressemeldingen.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Spørsmålet mitt er hvordan NRK kan bruke verktøy med bruksvilkår
+som krever avtale med MPEG LA for det NRK bruker dem til, når NRK ikke
+har avtale med MPEG LA.  Hvis jeg forsto spørsmålet riktig, så mener
+NRK at dere ikke trenger avtale med MPEG LA, men uten slik avtale kan
+dere vel ikke bruke hverken Apple Final Cut Studio, Adobe Premiere
+Pro, Avid eller Apples Final Cut Pro X for å redigere video før
+sending?&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Mine konkrete spørsmål var altså:&lt;/p&gt;

 
 

-&lt;dt&gt;Regissør&lt;/dt&gt;
-&lt;dd&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walt_Disney&quot;&gt;Walt Disney&lt;/a&gt;           (1901-12-05 – 1966-12-15) +70 år = 2037&lt;/dd&gt;
+&lt;ul&gt;

 
 

-&lt;dt&gt;Animasjon
-&lt;dd&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ub_Iwerks&quot;&gt;Ub Iwerks&lt;/a&gt;             (1901-03-24 – 1971-07-07) +70 år = 2042
-&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rollin_Hamilton&quot;&gt;Rollin &quot;Ham&quot; Hamilton&lt;/a&gt; (1898-10-28 - 1951-06-03) +70 år = 2022
-&lt;br&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harman_and_Ising&quot;&gt;Hugh Harman&lt;/a&gt;           (1903-08-31 – 1982-11-25) +70 år = 2053&lt;/dd&gt;
+&lt;li&gt;Hvis NRK har vurdert om det er behov for en patentavtale med MPEG LA
+   slik det er krav om i programvarelisensene til blant annet Apple
+   Final Cut Studio, Adobe Premiere Pro, Avid og Apples Final Cut Pro X,
+   hva var utfallet av en slik vurdering? Kan jeg få kopi av vurderingen
+   hvis den er gjort skriftlig?&lt;/li&gt;

 
 

-&lt;dt&gt;Kamera
-&lt;dd&gt;Mike Marcus (?-?)&lt;/dd&gt;
+&lt;li&gt;Hvis NRK ikke har vurdert dette, har NRK planer om å vurdere behovet
+   for patentavtale?&lt;/li&gt;

 
 

-&lt;/dl&gt;
+&lt;li&gt;Hva slags saksnummer fikk min henvendelse i NRKs offentlige
+   postjournal?  Jeg ser at postjournalen ikke er publisert for den
+   aktuelle perioden ennå, så jeg fikk ikke sjekket selv.&lt;/li&gt;

 
 

-&lt;p&gt;Alle fødsels- og dødsdatoene er fra engelske Wikipedia.  Det er
-ikke oppgitt navn på manusforfatter, dialogforfatter og komponist, men
-jeg mistenker at tegnerne vil få opphavsrettigheter på tegnefilmer her
-i Norge, og tar derfor med disse.  Kameramannen vil ikke få noen
-rettigheter så vidt jeg forstår, og er derfor ignorert her.&lt;/p&gt;
+&lt;/ul&gt;
+&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

 
 

-&lt;p&gt;Slik jeg forstår den norske opphavsretten vil dermed dette
-filmverket bli allemannseie (også kalt å falle i det fri) i 2053, 126
-år etter at det ble laget.  Hvis kun regissørens rettigheter er
-relevante, vil det skje i 2037, 110 år etter at det ble utgitt.  Etter
-det vil enhver kunne dele det med alle de har lyst til, fremføre det
-offentlig eller klippe og lime i det for å lage sin egen film basert
-på det - helt uten å måtte spørre noen om lov.&lt;/p&gt;
+&lt;p&gt;Det hjelper å ha funnet rette vedkommende i NRK, for denne gangen
+fikk jeg svar tilbake dagen etter (2015-06-10), fra Geir Børdalen i
+NRK:&lt;/p&gt;

 
 

-&lt;p&gt;Måtte så Nasjonalbiblioteket spørre om lov før de kunne kopiere
-sitt nitrat-eksemplar over på mer varig format?  Nei, heldigvis.
-Åndsverklovens § 16 sier at arkiv, bibliotek, museer og undervisnings-
-og forskningsinstitusjoner har rett til å fremstille eksemplar av verk
-for konserverings- og sikringsformål og andre særskilte formål.&lt;/p&gt;
-</description>
-       </item>
-       
-       <item>
-               <title>How to stay with sysvinit in Debian Jessie</title>
-               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_stay_with_sysvinit_in_Debian_Jessie.html</link>
-               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_stay_with_sysvinit_in_Debian_Jessie.html</guid>
-                <pubDate>Sat, 22 Nov 2014 01:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
-               <description>&lt;p&gt;By now, it is well known that Debian Jessie will not be using
-sysvinit as its boot system by default.  But how can one keep using
-sysvinit in Jessie?  It is fairly easy, and here are a few recipes,
-courtesy of
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.vitavonni.de/blog/201410/2014102101-avoiding-systemd.html&quot;&gt;Erich
-Schubert&lt;/a&gt; and
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://smcv.pseudorandom.co.uk/2014/still_universal/&quot;&gt;Simon
-McVittie&lt;/a&gt;.
-
-&lt;p&gt;If you already are using Wheezy and want to upgrade to Jessie and
-keep sysvinit as your boot system, create a file
-&lt;tt&gt;/etc/apt/preferences.d/use-sysvinit&lt;/tt&gt; with this content before
-you upgrade:&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;pre&gt;
-Package: systemd-sysv
-Pin: release o=Debian
-Pin-Priority: -1
-&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;This file content will tell apt and aptitude to not consider
-installing systemd-sysv as part of any installation and upgrade
-solution when resolving dependencies, and thus tell it to avoid
-systemd as a default boot system.  The end result should be that the
-upgraded system keep using sysvinit.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;If you are installing Jessie for the first time, there is no way to
-get sysvinit installed by default (debootstrap used by
-debian-installer have no option for this), but one can tell the
-installer to switch to sysvinit before the first boot.  Either by
-using a kernel argument to the installer, or by adding a line to the
-preseed file used.  First, the kernel command line argument:
-
-&lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;pre&gt;
-preseed/late_command=&quot;in-target apt-get install --purge -y sysvinit-core&quot;
-&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Next, the line to use in a preseed file:&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;pre&gt;
-d-i preseed/late_command string in-target apt-get install -y sysvinit-core
-&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;One can of course also do this after the first boot by installing
-the sysvinit-core package.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;I recommend only using sysvinit if you really need it, as the
-sysvinit boot sequence in Debian have several hardware specific bugs
-on Linux caused by the fact that it is unpredictable when hardware
-devices show up during boot.  But on the other hand, the new default
-boot system still have a few rough edges I hope will be fixed before
-Jessie is released.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Update 2014-11-26: Inspired by
-&lt;ahref=&quot;https://www.mirbsd.org/permalinks/wlog-10-tg_e20141125-tg.htm#e20141125-tg_wlog-10-tg&quot;&gt;a
-blog post by Torsten Glaser&lt;/a&gt;, added --purge to the preseed
-line.&lt;/p&gt;
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
+&lt;p&gt;Hei Petter Reinholdtsen&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Jeg har sjekket saken med distribusjonssjef for tv, Arild Hellgren
+(som var teknologidirektør da bakkenettet ble satt opp). NRK v/
+Hellgren hadde møte med MPEG LA sammen med den europeiske
+kringkastingsunionen EBU før bakkenettet for TV ble satt opp
+(igangsatt høsten 2007). I dette møtet ble det avklart at NRK/EBU ikke
+trengte noen patentavtale for h.264 i forbindelse med oppsett av
+bakkenettet eller bruk av MPEG4 h.264 som kompresjonsalgoritme fordi
+tjenesten «in full»(nor: helt) var betalt av utsendelseselskapene og
+ikke av forbrukerne.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nrk.no/oppdrag/digitalt-bakkenett-1.3214555&quot;&gt;http://www.nrk.no/oppdrag/digitalt-bakkenett-1.3214555&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Det er også klart slått fast at selskaper som leverer video basert
+på MPEG4 h.264 til sluttbrukere på nett, heller ikke påkrevd noen
+patentavtale – så lenge de leverer slike tjenester uten betaling fra
+sluttbrukere.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20100825006629/en/MPEG-LA%E2%80%99s-AVC-License-Charge-Royalties-Internet#.VWb2ws_774Y&quot;&gt;http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20100825006629/en/MPEG-LA%E2%80%99s-AVC-License-Charge-Royalties-Internet#.VWb2ws_774Y&lt;/a&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;“MPEG LA announced today that its AVC Patent Portfolio License will
+continue not to charge royalties for Internet Video that is free to
+end users (known as “Internet Broadcast AVC Video”) during the entire
+life of this License. MPEG LA previously announced it would not charge
+royalties for such video through December 31, 2015 (see
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mpegla.com/Lists/MPEG%20LA%20News%20List/Attachments/226/n-10-02-02.pdf&quot;&gt;http://www.mpegla.com/Lists/MPEG%20LA%20News%20List/Attachments/226/n-10-02-02.pdf&lt;/a&gt;),
+and today’s announcement makes clear that royalties will continue not
+to be charged for such video beyond that time. Products and services
+other than Internet Broadcast AVC Video continue to be
+royalty-bearing.”&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Vi har derfor ikke noe behov for å vurdere noen patentavtale med
+MPEG LA.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Understreker for øvrig at NRK ikke er låst til MPEG4 – h.264 som
+utsendelsesformat – og at vi har brukt og bruker flere andre
+alternativer i våre tjenester. Ulike «devicer» har ofte behov for
+forskjellige løsninger – og NRK har forsøkt å levere med best mulig
+kvalitet /økonomi /stabilitet avhengig av
+plattform. Produksjonsformater i NRK spenner for øvrig over en rekke
+forskjellige formater – hvor MPEG4 bare er en av disse. Når NRK kjøper
+teknisk utstyr er betaling for kodekstøtte ofte en del av
+anskaffelsesprisen for denne maskinvaren (enten dette er spesialiserte
+enkodere eller forskjellige typer produksjonsutstyr).&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Vennlig hilsen
+&lt;br&gt;Geir Børdalen&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;________________________________________
+&lt;br&gt;Geir Børdalen
+&lt;br&gt;Investeringsansvarlig NRK / Hovedprosjektleder - Origo
+&lt;br&gt;Avdeling for utvikling, innovasjon, investering og eiendom
+&lt;br&gt;NRK medietjenester
+&lt;br&gt;Sentralbord: +47 23 04 70 00
+&lt;br&gt;Post: NRK, AUTV (RBM5), Pb. 8500 Majorstuen, 0340 Oslo
+&lt;br&gt;nrk.no
+&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Et godt og grundig svar, som var informativt om hvordan NRK tenker
+rundt patentavtale med MPEG LA, men heller ikke helt besvarte det jeg
+lurte på, så jeg sendte epostoppfølging samme dag.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
+&lt;p&gt;[Geir Børdalen]
+&lt;br&gt;&gt; Hei Petter Reinholdtsen&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Hei, og takk for raskt svar.  Er min henvendelse journalført slik
+at den dukker opp i NRKs postjournal?&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Svaret ditt var meget nyttig, og jeg forstår ut fra det du skriver
+at avklaringen med MPEG LA rundt H.264-distribusjon via bakkenettet
+gjelder alle TV-kanaler i Norge.  Hvilke saksnummer fikk dokumenter
+som ble opprettet i forbindelse med det omtalte møtet NRK v/Hellgren
+og EBU hadde med MPEG LA (dvs. referater, avtaler, etc),
+f.eks. dokumentet der formuleringen &quot;in full&quot; som du omtaler
+finnes?&lt;p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Men det er et par ting jeg fortsatt ikke forstår.  Det ene er
+hvorfor NRKs forståelse av hva &quot;Internet Broadcast AVC Video&quot; dekker
+ser ut til å avvike fra det som presenteres i
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mpegla.com/main/programs/avc/Documents/avcweb.pdf&quot;&gt;lysark
+fra MPEG LA&lt;/a&gt; i mai, der MPEG LA på lysark med overskriften
+&quot;AVC/H.264 License Terms Participation Fees&quot; og undertittel &quot;Where
+remuneration is from other sources&quot; skriver &quot;Internet Broadcast AVC
+Video (not title-by-title, not subscription) – no royalty for life of
+the AVC Patent Portfolio License&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Her leser jeg MPEG LA dithen at det kun er kringkasting uten
+abonnement via Internet som er dekket at vilkårne omtalt i
+pressemeldingen, mens jeg forstår deg dithen at NRK mener NRKs
+nettsider som også har enkeltfilmer og innslag (som jeg forstår dekket
+av formuleringen &quot;title-by-title&quot;) dekkes av &quot;Internet Broadcast AVC
+Video&quot; fra MPEG LA.  Hva baserer dere denne tolkningen på?  Jeg har
+ikke sett noe skriftlig fra MPEG LA som støtter NRKs tolkning, og
+lurer på om dere har andre kilder enn den pressemeldingen fra 5 år
+tilbake, der NRKS forståelse av hva &quot;Internet Broadcast AVC Video&quot;
+dekker er beskrevet?&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Det andre er at eposten din ikke nevnte spørsmålet mitt om
+bruksvilkårene til videoredigeringsverktøyene som NRK bruker.  Disse
+har som tidligere nevnt krav om at de kun skal brukes til private og
+ikke-kommersielle formål med mindre en har avtale med MPEG LA, og uten
+avtale med MPEG LA kan det jo virke som om NRK bruker verktøyene i
+strid med bruksvilkårene.  Hva gjør at disse bruksvilkårene ikke
+gjelder for NRK?&lt;/p&gt;
+&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Noen minutter senere får jeg foreløpig siste svar i
+føljetongen:&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
+&lt;p&gt;Hei igjen&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Vårt dokumentarkiv har fått en kopi (journalføringsnr kan jeg
+dessverre ikke gi deg).&lt;p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;&gt; Svaret ditt var meget nyttig, og jeg forstår ut fra det du
+&lt;br&gt;&gt; skriver at avklaringen med MPEG LA rundt H.264-distribusjon via
+&lt;br&gt;&gt; bakkenettet gjelder alle TV-kanaler i Norge.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Svar: Kan ikke svare for andre enn for NRK/EBU - og for bakkenettet
+i Norge er det kun NRK som er et lisensbasert selskap. Kan ikke gi noe
+svar på saksnr på dokumenter eller ytterligere informasjon da jeg selv
+ikke var del i dette.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;&gt; Men det er et par ting jeg fortsatt ikke forstår.  ...&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Svar: Kan ikke gå ytterligere inn i dette fra min side og mitt
+fagfelt som er produksjon/publisering og systemstrukturene bak
+disse. For øvrig ligger det etter vår formening ingen begrensninger
+for NRK i mulighetene til publisering mht til kodek i
+produksjonssystemer. Som tidligere skrevet mener vi at NRK ikke
+trenger noen avtale med MPEG LA og støtter oss til det vi allerede har
+kommunisert i forrige epost.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Mvh
+&lt;br&gt;Geir Børdalen&lt;/p&gt;
+&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Det syntes vanskelig å komme videre når NRK ikke ønsker å gå inn i
+problemstillingen rundt bruksvilkårene til videoredigeringsverktøyene
+NRK bruker, så jeg sendte takk for svarene og avsluttet utvekslingen
+så langt:&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
+&lt;p&gt;Tusen takk for rask respons, og oppklarende forklaring om hvordan
+NRK tenker rundt MPEG LA.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Jeg vil høre med NRK-arkivet for å se om de kan spore opp de
+omtalte dokumentene.  Jeg setter pris på om du kan dele titler, dato
+eller annen informasjon som kan gjøre det enklere for arkivet å finne
+dem.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Når det gjelder hvordan bruksvilkårene til
+videoredigeringsverktøyene skal tolkes, så skal jeg høre med MPEG LA
+og produsentene av verktøyene for å forsøke å få klarhet i hva de
+mener er rikgig rettstilstand.&lt;/p&gt;
+&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Jeg ble litt klokere, men fortsatt er det uklart for meg hva som er
+grunnlaget til NRK for å se bort fra bruksvilkår i
+videoredigeringsprogramvare som krever MPEG LA-avtale til alt annet
+enn privat og ikke-kommersiell bruk.&lt;/p&gt;

 </description>
        </item>
        
        <item>
 </description>
        </item>
        
        <item>

-               <title>Hvordan vurderer regjeringen H.264-patentutfordringen?</title>
-               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hvordan_vurderer_regjeringen_H_264_patentutfordringen_.html</link>
-               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hvordan_vurderer_regjeringen_H_264_patentutfordringen_.html</guid>
-                <pubDate>Sun, 16 Nov 2014 10:30:00 +0100</pubDate>
-               <description>&lt;p&gt;For en stund tilbake spurte jeg Fornyingsdepartementet om hvilke
-juridiske vurderinger rundt patentproblemstillingen som var gjort da
-H.264 ble tatt inn i &lt;a href=&quot;http://standard.difi.no/&quot;&gt;statens
-referansekatalog over standarder&lt;/a&gt;.  Stig Hornnes i FAD tipset meg
-om følgende som står i oppsumeringen til høringen om
-referansekatalogen versjon 2.0, som jeg siden ved hjelp av en
-innsynsforespørsel fikk tak i
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.nuug.no/uttalelser/200901-standardkatalog-v2?action=AttachFile&amp;do=get&amp;target=kongelig-resolusjon.pdf&quot;&gt;PDF-utgaven av&lt;/a&gt;
-datert 2009-06-03 (saksnummer 200803291, saksbehandler Henrik
-Linnestad).&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Der står det følgende om problemstillingen:&lt;/p&gt;
+               <title>Blir det virkelig krav om fingeravtrykk i nasjonale ID-kort?</title>
+               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Blir_det_virkelig_krav_om_fingeravtrykk_i_nasjonale_ID_kort_.html</link>
+               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Blir_det_virkelig_krav_om_fingeravtrykk_i_nasjonale_ID_kort_.html</guid>
+                <pubDate>Tue, 12 May 2015 11:30:00 +0200</pubDate>
+               <description>&lt;p&gt;Noen finner det vanskelig å tro at Stortinget faktisk har vedtatt å
+kreve at alle norske borgerne må avgi fingeravtrykk til politiet for å
+fungere i samfunnet.  Jeg er blitt spurt hva som er grunnlaget for
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Norwegian_citizens_now_required_by_law_to_give_their_fingerprint_to_the_police.html&quot;&gt;min
+påstand i forrige bloggpost&lt;/a&gt; om at det nå blir krav om å avgi
+fingeravtrykk til politiet for å fungere som borger i Norge.  De som
+spør klarer ikke lese det ut fra det som er vedtatt.  Her er en liten
+oppsummering om hva jeg baserer det på.  Det sies ikke direkte i
+hverken proposisjon, innstilling eller vedtak, men fremgår når en ser
+på indirekte formuleringer.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;I
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.regjeringen.no/nb/dokumenter/prop.-66-l-2014-2015/id2399703/&quot;&gt;stortingsproposisjon
+66&lt;/a&gt;, avsnitt 6.3.5 (Avgivelse av biometriske personopplysninger)
+står det&lt;p&gt;

 
 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
 
 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;

-&lt;strong&gt;4.4 Patentproblematikk&lt;/strong&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;NUUG og Opera ser det som særlig viktig at forslagene knyttet til
-lyd og video baserer seg på de royalty-frie standardene Vorbis, Theora
-og FLAC.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Kommentarene relaterer seg til at enkelte standarder er åpne, men
-inneholder tekniske prosedyrer som det i USA (og noen andre land som
-Japan) er gitt patentrettigheter til. I vårt tilfelle berører dette
-spesielt standardene Mp3 og H.264, selv om Politidirektoratet peker på
-at det muligens kan være tilsvarende problematikk også for Theora og
-Vorbis.  Dette medfører at det i USA kan kreves royalties for bruk av
-tekniske løsninger knyttet til standardene, et krav som også
-håndheves. Patenter kan imidlertid bare hevdes i de landene hvor
-patentet er gitt, så amerikanske patenter gjelder ikke andre steder
-enn USA.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Spesielt for utvikling av fri programvare er patenter
-problematisk. GPL, en &quot;grunnleggende&quot; lisens for distribusjon av fri
-programvare, avviser at programvare kan distribueres under denne
-lisensen hvis det inneholder referanser til patenterte rutiner som
-utløser krav om royalties. Det er imidlertid uproblematisk å
-distribuere fri programvareløsninger under GPL som benytter de
-aktuelle standardene innen eller mellom land som ikke anerkjenner
-patentene. Derfor finner vi også flere implementeringer av Mp3 og
-H.264 som er fri programvare, lisensiert under GPL.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;I Norge og EU er patentlovgivningen langt mer restriktiv enn i USA,
-men det er også her mulig å få patentert metoder for løsning av et
-problem som relaterer seg til databehandling. Det er AIF bekjent ikke
-relevante patenter i EU eller Norge hva gjelder H.264 og Mp3, men
-muligheten for at det finnes patenter uten at det er gjort krav om
-royalties eller at det senere vil gis slike patenter kan ikke helt
-avvises.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;AIF mener det er et behov for å gi offentlige virksomheter mulighet
-til å benytte antatt royaltyfrie åpne standarder som et likeverdig
-alternativ eller i tillegg til de markedsledende åpne standardene.&lt;/p&gt;

 
 

+  &lt;p&gt;Departementet foreslår at både ansiktsfoto og fingeravtrykk skal
+  kunne opptas og lagres som identifikasjonsdata i de nasjonale
+  ID-kortene, på samme måte som i passene. Lovforslaget er derfor
+  utformet i tråd med passloven § 6 annet ledd, som fastslår at det
+  til bruk for senere verifisering eller kontroll av passinnehaverens
+  identitet kan innhentes og lagres i passet biometrisk
+  personinformasjon i form av ansiktsfoto og fingeravtrykk (to
+  fingre). Dagens ordning med lagring av ansiktsfoto og fingeravtrykk
+  i et kontaktløst smartkort i passet er basert på internasjonale
+  standarder. Fingeravtrykkene i nasjonalt ID-kort vil bli beskyttet
+  på samme måte som fingeravtrykkene i passene.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+  &lt;p&gt;[...]&lt;/p&gt;
+
+  &lt;p&gt;For norske forhold understreker departementet at innføring av
+  nasjonale ID-kort sammen med innføring av nye systemer for sikrere
+  utstedelse og kontroll av pass og relaterte dokumenter gir mulighet
+  til å utforme ordningen slik at den best mulig møter utfordringene
+  forbundet med identitetskriminalitet. Det tilsier at fingeravtrykk
+  opptas og lagres i alle nasjonale ID-kort.&lt;/p&gt;

 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
 
 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
 

-&lt;p&gt;Det ser dermed ikke ut til at de har vurdert patentspørsmålet i
-sammenheng med opphavsrettsvilkår slik de er formulert for f.eks.
-Apple Final Cut Pro, Adobe Premiere Pro, Avid og Sorenson-verktøyene,
-der det kreves brukstillatelse for patenter som ikke er gyldige i
-Norge for å bruke disse verktøyene til annet en personlig og ikke
-kommersiell aktivitet når det gjelder H.264-video.  Jeg må nok lete
-videre etter svar på det spørsmålet.&lt;/p&gt;
+&lt;p&gt;Departementet sier altså at sin anbefaling er at fingeravtrykk skal
+opptas og lagres i alle nasjonale ID-kort.  Det skrives som om det
+blir valgfritt, på samme måten som det skrives passloven, der det i
+loven sier at det kan
+«&lt;a href=&quot;https://lovdata.no/dokument/NL/lov/1997-06-19-82#§6&quot;&gt;innhentes
+og lagres i passet biometrisk personinformasjon i form av ansiktsfoto
+og fingeravtrykk (to fingre)&lt;/a&gt;».  Men på tross av bruken av «kan» i
+passloven er det innført krav om å avgi fingeravtrykk for å få et pass
+i Norge.  Proposisjonen sier i tillegg i del 1 (Proposisjonens
+hovedinnhold) at ID-kortene skal være like pålitelig som pass og ha
+samme sikkerhetsnivå som pass.  Departementet foreslår altså at
+ID-kortene skal gis etter samme regler som for pass.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Formuleringene fra hovedinnholdet i proposisjonen er videreført i
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.stortinget.no/no/Saker-og-publikasjoner/Publikasjoner/Innstillinger/Stortinget/2014-2015/inns-201415-243/?lvl=0&quot;&gt;innstillingen
+fra stortingskomiteen&lt;/a&gt;, der det konkret står «De foreslåtte reglene
+vil gi befolkningen tilbud om et offentlig utstedt identitetsbevis som
+vil være like pålitelig som passet, og mer praktisk å bruke som
+legitimasjon» og «Det nasjonale ID-kortet skal også holde samme
+sikkerhetsnivå som passet».  Komiteen har altså ingen kommentarer
+eller innsigelser til dette forslaget, og gjorde i debatten da saken
+ble vedtatt det klart at dette var en god sak og at en enstemmig
+komité var glad for resultatet.  Stortinget har dermed stilt seg helt
+og fullt bak departementets forslag.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;For meg er det åpenbart når en leser proposisjonen at «like
+pålitelig» og «samme sikkerhetsnivå» vil bli tolket av departementet
+som «med samme biometrisk informasjon som i passene», og departementet
+forklarer i tillegg i proposisjonen at de har tenkt at
+fingeravtrykkene «vil bli beskyttet på samme måte som fingeravtrykkene
+i passene».  Jeg ser det dermed som åpenbart at den samme
+tvangsinnhentingen av fingeravtrykk som gjelder for pass vil bli
+viderført til de nasjonale ID-kortene.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Det eneste som kan endre dette er massive protester fra
+befolkningen på at folk som ikke er mistenkt for noe kriminelt skal
+tvinges til å gi fingeravtrykket til politiet for å f.eks. kunne få
+bankkonto eller stemme ved valg.  Det kunne få departementet til å
+snu.  Det tror jeg ikke vil skje.&lt;/p&gt;
+</description>
+       </item>
+       
+       <item>
+               <title>Norwegian citizens now required by law to give their fingerprint to the police</title>
+               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Norwegian_citizens_now_required_by_law_to_give_their_fingerprint_to_the_police.html</link>
+               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Norwegian_citizens_now_required_by_law_to_give_their_fingerprint_to_the_police.html</guid>
+                <pubDate>Sun, 10 May 2015 16:00:00 +0200</pubDate>
+               <description>&lt;p&gt;5 days ago, the Norwegian Parliament decided, unanimously, that all
+citizens of Norway, no matter if they are suspected of something
+criminal or not, are
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.holderdeord.no/votes/1430838871e&quot;&gt;required to
+give fingerprints to the police&lt;/a&gt; (vote details from Holder de
+ord).  The law make it sound like it will be optional, but in a few
+years there will be no option any more.  The ID will be required to
+vote, to get a bank account, a bank card, to change address on the
+post office, to receive an electronic ID or to get a drivers license
+and many other tasks required to function in Norway.  The banks plan
+to stop providing their own ID on the bank cards when this new
+national ID is introduced, and the national road authorities plan to
+change the drivers license to no longer be usable as identity cards.
+In effect, to function as a citizen in Norway a national ID card will
+be required, and to get it one need to provide the fingerprints to
+the police.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;In addition to handing the fingerprint to the police (which
+promised to not make a copy of the fingerprint image at that point in
+time, but say nothing about doing it later), a picture of the
+fingerprint will be stored on the RFID chip, along with a picture of
+the face and other information about the person.  Some of the
+information will be encrypted, but the encryption will be the same
+system as currently used in the passports.  The codes to decrypt will
+be available to a lot of government offices and their suppliers around
+the globe, but for those that do not know anyone in those circles it
+is good to know that
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2006/nov/17/news.homeaffairs&quot;&gt;the
+encryption is already broken&lt;/a&gt;.  And they
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.networkworld.com/article/2215057/wireless/bad-guys-could-read-rfid-passports-at-217-feet--maybe-a-lot-more.html&quot;&gt;can
+be read from 70 meters away&lt;/a&gt;.  This can be mitigated a bit by
+keeping it in a Faraday cage (metal box or metal wire container), but
+one will be required to take it out of there often enough to expose
+ones private and personal information to a lot of people that have no
+business getting access to that information.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;The new Norwegian national IDs are a vehicle for identity theft,
+and I feel sorry for us all having politicians accepting such invasion
+of privacy without any objections.  So are the Norwegian passports,
+but it has been possible to function in Norway without those so far.
+That option is going away with the passing of the new law.  In this, I
+envy the Germans, because for them it is optional how much biometric
+information is stored in their national ID.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;And if forced collection of fingerprints was not bad enough, the
+information collected in the national ID card register can be handed
+over to foreign intelligence services and police authorities, &quot;when
+extradition is not considered disproportionate&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Update 2015-05-12: For those unable to believe that the Parliament
+really could make such decision, I wrote
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Blir_det_virkelig_krav_om_fingeravtrykk_i_nasjonale_ID_kort_.html&quot;&gt;a
+summary of the sources I have&lt;/a&gt; for concluding the way I do
+(Norwegian Only, as the sources are all in Norwegian).&lt;/p&gt;

 </description>
        </item>
        
        <item>
 </description>
        </item>
        
        <item>

-               <title>A Debian package for SMTP via Tor (aka SMTorP) using exim4</title>
-               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_Debian_package_for_SMTP_via_Tor__aka_SMTorP__using_exim4.html</link>
-               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_Debian_package_for_SMTP_via_Tor__aka_SMTorP__using_exim4.html</guid>
-                <pubDate>Mon, 10 Nov 2014 13:40:00 +0100</pubDate>
-               <description>&lt;p&gt;The right to communicate with your friends and family in private,
-without anyone snooping, is a right every citicen have in a liberal
-democracy.  But this right is under serious attack these days.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;A while back it occurred to me that one way to make the dragnet
-surveillance conducted by NSA, GCHQ, FRA and others (and confirmed by
-the whisleblower Snowden) more expensive for Internet email,
-is to deliver all email using SMTP via Tor.  Such SMTP option would be
-a nice addition to the FreedomBox project if we could send email
-between FreedomBox machines without leaking metadata about the emails
-to the people peeking on the wire.  I
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://lists.alioth.debian.org/pipermail/freedombox-discuss/2014-October/006493.html&quot;&gt;proposed
-this on the FreedomBox project mailing list in October&lt;/a&gt; and got a
-lot of useful feedback and suggestions.  It also became obvious to me
-that this was not a novel idea, as the same idea was tested and
-documented by Johannes Berg as early as 2006, and both
-&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/pagekite/Mailpile/wiki/SMTorP&quot;&gt;the
-Mailpile&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://dee.su/cables&quot;&gt;the Cables&lt;/a&gt; systems
-propose a similar method / protocol to pass emails between users.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;To implement such system one need to set up a Tor hidden service
-providing the SMTP protocol on port 25, and use email addresses
-looking like username@hidden-service-name.onion.  With such addresses
-the connections to port 25 on hidden-service-name.onion using Tor will
-go to the correct SMTP server.  To do this, one need to configure the
-Tor daemon to provide the hidden service and the mail server to accept
-emails for this .onion domain.  To learn more about Exim configuration
-in Debian and test the design provided by Johannes Berg in his FAQ, I
-set out yesterday to create a Debian package for making it trivial to
-set up such SMTP over Tor service based on Debian.  Getting it to work
-were fairly easy, and
-&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/exim4-smtorp&quot;&gt;the
-source code for the Debian package&lt;/a&gt; is available from github.  I
-plan to move it into Debian if further testing prove this to be a
-useful approach.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;If you want to test this, set up a blank Debian machine without any
-mail system installed (or run &lt;tt&gt;apt-get purge exim4-config&lt;/tt&gt; to
-get rid of exim4).  Install tor, clone the git repository mentioned
-above, build the deb and install it on the machine.  Next, run
-&lt;tt&gt;/usr/lib/exim4-smtorp/setup-exim-hidden-service&lt;/tt&gt; and follow
-the instructions to get the service up and running.  Restart tor and
-exim when it is done, and test mail delivery using swaks like
-this:&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;pre&gt;
-torsocks swaks --server dutlqrrmjhtfa3vp.onion \
-  --to fbx@dutlqrrmjhtfa3vp.onion
-&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;This will test the SMTP delivery using tor.  Replace the email
-address with your own address to test your server. :)&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;The setup procedure is still to complex, and I hope it can be made
-easier and more automatic.  Especially the tor setup need more work.
-Also, the package include a tor-smtp tool written in C, but its task
-should probably be rewritten in some script language to make the deb
-architecture independent.  It would probably also make the code easier
-to review.  The tor-smtp tool currently need to listen on a socket for
-exim to talk to it and is started using xinetd.  It would be better if
-no daemon and no socket is needed.  I suspect it is possible to get
-exim to run a command line tool for delivery instead of talking to a
-socket, and hope to figure out how in a future version of this
-system.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Until I wipe my test machine, I can be reached using the
-&lt;tt&gt;fbx@dutlqrrmjhtfa3vp.onion&lt;/tt&gt; mail address, deliverable over
-SMTorP. :)&lt;/p&gt;
+               <title>What would it cost to store all phone calls in Norway?</title>
+               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/What_would_it_cost_to_store_all_phone_calls_in_Norway_.html</link>
+               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/What_would_it_cost_to_store_all_phone_calls_in_Norway_.html</guid>
+                <pubDate>Fri, 1 May 2015 19:30:00 +0200</pubDate>
+               <description>&lt;p&gt;Many years ago, a friend of mine calculated how much it would cost
+to store the sound of all phone calls in Norway, and came up with the
+cost of around 20 million NOK (2.4 mill EUR) for all the calls in a
+year.  I got curious and wondered what the same calculation would look
+like today.  To do so one need an idea of how much data storage is
+needed for each minute of sound, how many minutes all the calls in
+Norway sums up to, and the cost of data storage.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;The 2005 numbers are from
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.digi.no/analyser/2005/10/04/vi-prater-stadig-mindre-i-roret&quot;&gt;digi.no&lt;/a&gt;,
+the 2012 numbers are from
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nkom.no/aktuelt/nyheter/fortsatt-vekst-i-det-norske-ekommarkedet&quot;&gt;a
+NKOM report&lt;/a&gt;, and I got the 2013 numbers after asking NKOM via
+email.  I was told the numbers for 2014 will be presented May 20th,
+and decided not to wait for those, as I doubt they will be very
+different from the numbers from 2013.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;The amount of data storage per minute sound depend on the wanted
+quality, and for phone calls it is generally believed that 8 Kbit/s is
+enough.  See for example a
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/support/docs/voice/voice-quality/7934-bwidth-consume.html#topic1&quot;&gt;summary
+on voice quality from Cisco&lt;/a&gt; for some alternatives.  8 Kbit/s is 60
+Kbytes/min, and this can be multiplied with the number of call minutes
+to get the storage requirements.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Storage prices varies a lot, depending on speed, backup strategies,
+availability requirements etc.  But a simple way to calculate can be
+to use the price of a TiB-disk (around 1000 NOK / 120 EUR) and double
+it to take space, power and redundancy into account.  It could be much
+higher with high speed and good redundancy requirements.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;But back to the question, What would it cost to store all phone
+calls in Norway?  Not much.  Here is a small table showing the
+estimated cost, which is within the budget constraint of most medium
+and large organisations:&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;table border=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
+&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Year&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Call minutes&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Size&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Price in NOK / EUR&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
+&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;2005&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;24 000 000 000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;1.3 PiB&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;3 mill / 358 000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
+&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;2012&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;18 000 000 000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;1.0 PiB&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;2.2 mill / 262 000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
+&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;2013&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;17 000 000 000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;950 TiB&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;2.1 mill / 250 000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
+&lt;/table&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;This is the cost of buying the storage.  Maintenance need to be
+taken into account too, but calculating that is left as an exercise
+for the reader.  But it is obvious to me from those numbers that
+recording the sound of all phone calls in Norway is not going to be
+stopped because it is too expensive.  I wonder if someone already is
+collecting the data?&lt;/p&gt;

 </description>
        </item>
        
        <item>
 </description>
        </item>
        
        <item>

-               <title>First Jessie based Debian Edu released (alpha0)</title>
-               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Jessie_based_Debian_Edu_released__alpha0_.html</link>
-               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Jessie_based_Debian_Edu_released__alpha0_.html</guid>
-                <pubDate>Mon, 27 Oct 2014 20:40:00 +0100</pubDate>
-               <description>&lt;p&gt;I am happy to report that I on behalf of the Debian Edu team just
-sent out
-&lt;a href=&quot;https://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2014/10/msg00000.html&quot;&gt;this
-announcement&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;
+               <title>First Jessie based Debian Edu beta release</title>
+               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Jessie_based_Debian_Edu_beta_release.html</link>
+               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Jessie_based_Debian_Edu_beta_release.html</guid>
+                <pubDate>Sun, 26 Apr 2015 14:10:00 +0200</pubDate>
+               <description>&lt;p&gt;I am happy to report that the Debian Edu team sent out
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2015/04/msg00000.html&quot;&gt;this
+announcement today&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;

 
 &lt;pre&gt;
 
 &lt;pre&gt;

-The Debian Edu Team is pleased to announce the release of Debian Edu
-Jessie 8.0+edu0~alpha0
-
-Debian Edu is a complete operating system for schools. Through its
-various installation profiles you can install servers, workstations
-and laptops which will work together on the school network. With
-Debian Edu, the teachers themselves or their technical support can
-roll out a complete multi-user multi-machine study environment within
-hours or a few days. Debian Edu comes with hundreds of applications
-pre-installed, but you can always add more packages from Debian.
+the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project is pleased to announce the first
+*beta* release of Debian Edu &quot;Jessie&quot; 8.0+edu0~b1, which for the first
+time is composed entirely of packages from the current Debian stable
+release, Debian 8 &quot;Jessie&quot;.
+
+(As most reading this will know, Debian &quot;Jessie&quot; hasn&#39;t actually been
+released by now. The release is still in progress but should finish
+later today ;)
+
+We expect to make a final release of Debian Edu &quot;Jessie&quot; in the coming
+weeks, timed with the first point release of Debian Jessie. Upgrades
+from this beta release of Debian Edu Jessie to the final release will
+be possible and encouraged!
+
+Please report feedback to debian-edu@lists.debian.org and/or submit
+bugs: http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs
+
+Debian Edu - sometimes also known as &quot;Skolelinux&quot; - is a complete
+operating system for schools, universities and other
+organisations. Through its pre- prepared installation profiles
+administrators can install servers, workstations and laptops which
+will work in harmony on the school network.  With Debian Edu, the
+teachers themselves or their technical support staff can roll out a
+complete multi-user, multi-machine study environment within hours or
+days.
+
+Debian Edu is already in use at several hundred schools all over the
+world, particularly in Germany, Spain and Norway. Installations come
+with hundreds of applications pre-installed, plus the whole Debian
+archive of thousands of compatible packages within easy reach.

 
 For those who want to give Debian Edu Jessie a try, download and
 installation instructions are available, including detailed
 
 For those who want to give Debian Edu Jessie a try, download and
 installation instructions are available, including detailed

-instructions in the manual[1] explaining the first steps, such as
-setting up a network or adding users. Please note that the password
-for the user your prompted for during installation must have a length
-of at least 5 characters!
+instructions in the manual explaining the first steps, such as setting
+up a network or adding users.  Please note that the password for the
+user your prompted for during installation must have a length of at
+least 5 characters!

 
 

- [1] &amp;lt;URL: &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie&quot;&gt;https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie&lt;/a&gt; &amp;gt;
+== Where to download ==

 
 

-Would you like to give your school&#39;s computer a longer life? Are you
-tired of sneaker administration, running from computer to computer
-reinstalling the operating system? Would you like to administrate all
-the computers in your school using only a couple of hours every week?
-Check out Debian Edu Jessie!
+A multi-architecture CD / usbstick image (649 MiB) for network booting
+can be downloaded at the following locations:

 
 

-Skolelinux is used by at least two hundred schools all over the world,
-mostly in Germany and Norway.
+    http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~b1-CD.iso
+    rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~b1-CD.iso . 

 
 

-About Debian Edu and Skolelinux
-===============================
+The SHA1SUM of this image is: 54a524d16246cddd8d2cfd6ea52f2dd78c47ee0a

 
 

-Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux[2], is a Linux distribution based
-on Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
-configured school network. Immediately after installation a school
-server running all services needed for a school network is set up just
-waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
-Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
-initial installation of the main server from CD or USB stick all other
-machines can be installed via the network.  The provided school server
-provides LDAP database and Kerberos authentication service,
-centralized home directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other
-services.  The desktop contains more than 60 educational software
-packages[3] and more are available from the Debian archive, and
-schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE, Xfce and MATE desktop
-environment.
+Alternatively an extended DVD / usbstick image (4.9 GiB) is also
+available, with more software included (saving additional download
+time):
+
+    http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~b1-USB.iso
+    rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~b1-USB.iso 

 
 

- [2] &amp;lt;URL: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.skolelinux.org/&quot;&gt;http://www.skolelinux.org/&lt;/a&gt; &amp;gt;
- [3] &amp;lt;URL: &lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html&quot;&gt;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html&lt;/a&gt; &amp;gt;
+The SHA1SUM of this image is: fb1f1504a490c077a48653898f9d6a461cb3c636

 
 

-Full release notes and manual
-=============================
+Sources are available from the Debian archive, see
+http://ftp.debian.org/debian-cd/8.0.0/source/ for some download
+options.

 
 

-Below the download URLs there is a list of some of the new features
-and bugfixes of Debian Edu 8.0+edu0~alpha0 Codename Jessie. The full
-list is part of the manual. (See the feature list in the manual[4] for
-the English version.) For some languages manual translations are
-available, see the manual translation overview[5].
+== Debian Edu Jessie manual in seven languages ==

 
 

- [4] &amp;lt;URL: &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie/Features&quot;&gt;https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie/Features&lt;/a&gt; &amp;gt;
- [5] &amp;lt;URL: &lt;a href=&quot;http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/&quot;&gt;http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/&lt;/a&gt; &amp;gt;
+Please see https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie/ for
+the English version of the Debian Edu jessie manual.

 
 

-Where to get it
----------------
+This manual has been fully translated to German, French, Italian,
+Danish, Dutch and Norwegian Bokmål. A partly translated version exists
+for Spanish.  See http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/ for
+online version of the translated manual.

 
 

-To download the multiarch netinstall CD release (624 MiB) you can use
+More information about Debian 8 &quot;Jessie&quot; itself is provided in the
+release notes and the installation manual:
+- http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/releasenotes
+- http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/installmanual

 
 

- * &lt;a href=&quot;ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso&quot;&gt;ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso&lt;/a&gt;
- * &lt;a href=&quot;http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso&quot;&gt;http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso&lt;/a&gt;
- * rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso .

 
 

-The SHA1SUM of this image is: 361188818e036ce67280a572f757de82ebfeb095
+== Errata / known problems ==

 
 

-New features for Debian Edu 8.0+edu0~alpha0 Codename Jessie released 2014-10-27
-===============================================================================
+    It takes up to 15 minutes for a changed hostname to be updated via
+    DHCP (#780461).

 
 

+    The hostname script fails to update LTSP server hostname (#783087). 

 
 

-Installation changes
---------------------
+Workaround: run update-hostname-from-ip on the client to update the
+hostname immediately.

 
 

- * PXE installation now installs firmware automatically for the hardware present.
+Check https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie for a possibly
+more current and complete list.

 
 

-Software updates
-----------------
+== Some more details about Debian Edu 8.0+edu0~b1 Codename Jessie released 2015-04-25 ==

 
 

-Everything which is new in Debian Jessie 8.0, eg:
+=== Software updates ===

 
 

- * Linux kernel 3.16.x
- * Desktop environments KDE &quot;Plasma&quot; 4.11.12, GNOME 3.14, Xfce 4.10,
-   LXDE 0.5.6 and MATE 1.8 (KDE &quot;Plasma&quot; is installed by default; to
-   choose one of the others see manual.)
- * the browsers Iceweasel 31 ESR and Chromium 38 
- * !LibreOffice 4.3.3
+Everything which is new in Debian 8 Jessie, e.g.:
+
+ * Linux kernel 3.16.7-ctk9; for the i386 architecture, support for
+   i486 processors has been dropped; oldest supported ones: i586 (like
+   Intel Pentium and AMD K5).
+
+ * Desktop environments KDE Plasma Workspaces 4.11.13, GNOME 3.14,
+   Xfce 4.12, LXDE 0.5.6
+   * new optional desktop environment: MATE 1.8
+   * KDE Plasma Workspaces is installed by default; to choose one of
+     the others see the manual.
+ * the browsers Iceweasel 31 ESR and Chromium 41
+ * LibreOffice 4.3.3

  * GOsa 2.7.4
  * LTSP 5.5.4
  * CUPS print system 1.7.5
  * new boot framework: systemd
  * GOsa 2.7.4
  * LTSP 5.5.4
  * CUPS print system 1.7.5
  * new boot framework: systemd

- * Educational toolbox GCompris 14.07 
+ * Educational toolbox GCompris 14.12

  * Music creator Rosegarden 14.02
  * Image editor Gimp 2.8.14
  * Music creator Rosegarden 14.02
  * Image editor Gimp 2.8.14

- * Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.13.0
+ * Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.13.1

  * golearn 0.9
  * tuxpaint 0.9.22
  * New version of debian-installer from Debian Jessie.
  * golearn 0.9
  * tuxpaint 0.9.22
  * New version of debian-installer from Debian Jessie.

- * Debian Jessie includes about 42000 packages available for
-   installation.
- * More information about Debian Jessie 8.0 is provided in the release
-   notes[6] and the installation manual[7].
-
- [6] &amp;lt;URL: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/releasenotes&quot;&gt;http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/releasenotes&lt;/a&gt; &amp;gt;
- [7] &amp;lt;URL: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/installmanual&quot;&gt;http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/installmanual&lt;/a&gt; &amp;gt;
+ * Debian Jessie includes about 43000 packages available for installation.
+ * More information about Debian 8 Jessie is provided in its release
+   notes and the installation manual, see the link above.

 
 

-Fixed bugs
-----------
-
- * Inserting incorrect DNS information in Gosa will no longer break
-   DNS completely, but instead stop DNS updates until the incorrect
-   information is corrected (Debian bug #710362)
- * and many others.
+=== Installation changes ===

 
 

-Documentation and translation updates
-------------------------------------- 
+    Installations done via PXE now also install firmware automatically
+    for the hardware present.

 
 

- * The Debian Edu Jessie Manual is fully translated to German, French,
-   Italian, Danish and Dutch. Partly translated versions exist for
-   Norwegian Bokmal and Spanish.
+=== Fixed bugs ===

 
 

-Other changes
--------------
+A number of bugs have been fixed in this release; the most noticeable
+from a user perspective:

 
 

- * Due to new Squid settings, powering off or rebooting the main
-   server takes more time.
- * To manage printers localhost:631 has to be used, currently www:631
-   doesn&#39;t work.
+ * Inserting incorrect DNS information in Gosa will no longer break
+   DNS completely, but instead stop DNS updates until the incorrect
+   information is corrected (710362)

 
 

-Regressions / known problems
-----------------------------
+ * shutdown-at-night now shuts the system down if gdm3 is used (775608). 

 
 

- * Installing LTSP chroot fails with a bug related to eatmydata about
-   exim4-config failing to run its postinst (see Debian bug #765694
-   and Debian bug #762103).
- * Munin collection is not properly configured on clients (Debian bug
-   #764594).  The fix is available in a newer version of munin-node.
- * PXE setup for Main Server and Thin Client Server setup does not
-   work when installing on a machine without direct Internet access.
-   Will be fixed when Debian bug #766960 is fixed in Jessie.
+=== Sugar desktop removed ===

 
 

-See the status page[8] for the complete list.
+As the Sugar desktop was removed from Debian Jessie, it is also not
+available in Debian Edu jessie.

 
 

- [8] &amp;lt;URL: &lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie&quot;&gt;https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie&lt;/a&gt; &amp;gt;

 
 

-How to report bugs
-------------------
+== About Debian Edu / Skolelinux ==

 
 

-&amp;lt;URL: &lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs&quot;&gt;http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs&lt;/a&gt; &amp;gt;
+Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux, is a Linux distribution based on
+Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
+configured school network. Directly after installation a school server
+running all services needed for a school network is set up just
+waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
+Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
+initial installation of the main server from CD or USB stick all other
+machines can be installed via the network. The provided school server
+provides LDAP database and Kerberos authentication service,
+centralized home directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other
+services.  The desktop contains more than 60 educational software
+packages and more are available from the Debian archive, and schools
+can choose between KDE, GNOME, LXDE, Xfce and MATE desktop
+environment.

 
 

-About Debian
-============
+== About Debian ==

 
 The Debian Project was founded in 1993 by Ian Murdock to be a truly
 free community project. Since then the project has grown to be one of
 
 The Debian Project was founded in 1993 by Ian Murdock to be a truly
 free community project. Since then the project has grown to be one of


@@ -504,301 +840,252 @@ maintain Debian software. Available in 70 languages, and supporting a
 huge range of computer types, Debian calls itself the universal
 operating system.
 
 huge range of computer types, Debian calls itself the universal
 operating system.
 

-Contact Information
-For further information, please visit the Debian web pages[9] or send
-mail to press@debian.org.
+== Thanks ==

 
 

- [9] &amp;lt;URL: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.debian.org/&quot;&gt;http://www.debian.org/&lt;/a&gt; &amp;gt;
+Thanks to everyone making Debian and Debian Edu / Skolelinux happen!
+You rock.

 &lt;/pre&gt;
 </description>
        </item>
        
        <item>
 &lt;/pre&gt;
 </description>
        </item>
        
        <item>

-               <title>I spent last weekend recording MakerCon Nordic</title>
-               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/I_spent_last_weekend_recording_MakerCon_Nordic.html</link>
-               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/I_spent_last_weekend_recording_MakerCon_Nordic.html</guid>
-                <pubDate>Thu, 23 Oct 2014 23:00:00 +0200</pubDate>
-               <description>&lt;p&gt;I spent last weekend at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.makercon.no/&quot;&gt;Makercon
-Nordic&lt;/a&gt;, a great conference and workshop for makers in Norway and
-the surrounding countries.  I had volunteered on behalf of the
-Norwegian Unix Users Group (NUUG) to video record the talks, and we
-had a great and exhausting time recording the entire day, two days in
-a row.  There were only two of us, Hans-Petter and me, and we used the
-regular video equipment for NUUG, with a
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://dvswitch.alioth.debian.org/wiki/&quot;&gt;dvswitch&lt;/a&gt;, a
-camera and a VGA to DV convert box, and mixed video and slides
-live.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Hans-Petter did the post-processing, consisting of uploading the
-around 180 GiB of raw video to Youtube, and the result is
-&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/user/MakerConNordic/&quot;&gt;now becoming
-public&lt;/a&gt; on the MakerConNordic account.  The videos have the license
-NUUG always use on our recordings, which is
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/no/&quot;&gt;Creative
-Commons Navngivelse-Del på samme vilkår 3.0 Norge&lt;/a&gt;.  Many great
-talks available.  Check it out! :)&lt;/p&gt;
-</description>
-       </item>
-       
-       <item>
-               <title>listadmin, the quick way to moderate mailman lists - nice free software</title>
-               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/listadmin__the_quick_way_to_moderate_mailman_lists___nice_free_software.html</link>
-               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/listadmin__the_quick_way_to_moderate_mailman_lists___nice_free_software.html</guid>
-                <pubDate>Wed, 22 Oct 2014 20:00:00 +0200</pubDate>
-               <description>&lt;p&gt;If you ever had to moderate a mailman list, like the ones on
-alioth.debian.org, you know the web interface is fairly slow to
-operate.  First you visit one web page, enter the moderation password
-and get a new page shown with a list of all the messages to moderate
-and various options for each email address.  This take a while for
-every list you moderate, and you need to do it regularly to do a good
-job as a list moderator.  But there is a quick alternative,
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://heim.ifi.uio.no/kjetilho/hacks/#listadmin&quot;&gt;the
-listadmin program&lt;/a&gt;.  It allow you to check lists for new messages
-to moderate in a fraction of a second.  Here is a test run on two
-lists I recently took over:&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;pre&gt;
-% time listadmin xiph
-fetching data for pkg-xiph-commits@lists.alioth.debian.org ... nothing in queue
-fetching data for pkg-xiph-maint@lists.alioth.debian.org ... nothing in queue
-
-real    0m1.709s
-user    0m0.232s
-sys     0m0.012s
-%
-&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;In 1.7 seconds I had checked two mailing lists and confirmed that
-there are no message in the moderation queue.  Every morning I
-currently moderate 68 mailman lists, and it normally take around two
-minutes.  When I took over the two pkg-xiph lists above a few days
-ago, there were 400 emails waiting in the moderator queue.  It took me
-less than 15 minutes to process them all using the listadmin
-program.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;If you install
-&lt;a href=&quot;https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/listadmin&quot;&gt;the listadmin
-package&lt;/a&gt; from Debian and create a file &lt;tt&gt;~/.listadmin.ini&lt;/tt&gt;
-with content like this, the moderation task is a breeze:&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;pre&gt;
-username username@example.org
-spamlevel 23
-default discard
-discard_if_reason &quot;Posting restricted to members only. Remove us from your mail list.&quot;
-
-password secret
-adminurl https://{domain}/mailman/admindb/{list}
-mailman-list@lists.example.com
-
-password hidden
-other-list@otherserver.example.org
-&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;There are other options to set as well.  Check the manual page to
-learn the details.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;If you are forced to moderate lists on a mailman installation where
-the SSL certificate is self signed or not properly signed by a
-generally accepted signing authority, you can set a environment
-variable when calling listadmin to disable SSL verification:&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;pre&gt;
-PERL_LWP_SSL_VERIFY_HOSTNAME=0 listadmin
-&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;If you want to moderate a subset of the lists you take care of, you
-can provide an argument to the listadmin script like I do in the
-initial screen dump (the xiph argument).  Using an argument, only
-lists matching the argument string will be processed.  This make it
-quick to accept messages if you notice the moderation request in your
-email.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Without the listadmin program, I would never be the moderator of 68
-mailing lists, as I simply do not have time to spend on that if the
-process was any slower. The listadmin program have saved me hours of
-time I could spend elsewhere over the years.  It truly is nice free
-software.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
-activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
-&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;bitcoin:15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b&amp;label=PetterReinholdtsenBlog&quot;&gt;15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Update 2014-10-27: Added missing &#39;username&#39; statement in
-configuration example.  Also, I&#39;ve been told that the
-PERL_LWP_SSL_VERIFY_HOSTNAME=0 setting do not work for everyone.  Not
-sure why.&lt;/p&gt;
-</description>
-       </item>
-       
-       <item>
-               <title>Debian Jessie, PXE and automatic firmware installation</title>
-               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Jessie__PXE_and_automatic_firmware_installation.html</link>
-               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Jessie__PXE_and_automatic_firmware_installation.html</guid>
-                <pubDate>Fri, 17 Oct 2014 14:10:00 +0200</pubDate>
-               <description>&lt;p&gt;When PXE installing laptops with Debian, I often run into the
-problem that the WiFi card require some firmware to work properly.
-And it has been a pain to fix this using preseeding in Debian.
-Normally something more is needed.  But thanks to
-&lt;a href=&quot;https://packages.qa.debian.org/i/isenkram.html&quot;&gt;my isenkram
-package&lt;/a&gt; and its recent tasksel extension, it has now become easy
-to do this using simple preseeding.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;The isenkram-cli package provide tasksel tasks which will install
-firmware for the hardware found in the machine (actually, requested by
-the kernel modules for the hardware).  (It can also install user space
-programs supporting the hardware detected, but that is not the focus
-of this story.)&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;To get this working in the default installation, two preeseding
-values are needed.  First, the isenkram-cli package must be installed
-into the target chroot (aka the hard drive) before tasksel is executed
-in the pkgsel step of the debian-installer system.  This is done by
-preseeding the base-installer/includes debconf value to include the
-isenkram-cli package.  The package name is next passed to debootstrap
-for installation.  With the isenkram-cli package in place, tasksel
-will automatically use the isenkram tasks to detect hardware specific
-packages for the machine being installed and install them, because
-isenkram-cli contain tasksel tasks.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;Second, one need to enable the non-free APT repository, because
-most firmware unfortunately is non-free.  This is done by preseeding
-the apt-mirror-setup step.  This is unfortunate, but for a lot of
-hardware it is the only option in Debian.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;The end result is two lines needed in your preseeding file to get
-firmware installed automatically by the installer:&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;pre&gt;
-base-installer base-installer/includes string isenkram-cli
-apt-mirror-setup apt-setup/non-free boolean true
-&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;The current version of isenkram-cli in testing/jessie will install
-both firmware and user space packages when using this method.  It also
-do not work well, so use version 0.15 or later.  Installing both
-firmware and user space packages might give you a bit more than you
-want, so I decided to split the tasksel task in two, one for firmware
-and one for user space programs.  The firmware task is enabled by
-default, while the one for user space programs is not.  This split is
-implemented in the package currently in unstable.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;If you decide to give this a go, please let me know (via email) how
-this recipe work for you. :)&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;So, I bet you are wondering, how can this work.  First and
-foremost, it work because tasksel is modular, and driven by whatever
-files it find in /usr/lib/tasksel/ and /usr/share/tasksel/.  So the
-isenkram-cli package place two files for tasksel to find.  First there
-is the task description file (/usr/share/tasksel/descs/isenkram.desc):&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;pre&gt;
-Task: isenkram-packages
-Section: hardware
-Description: Hardware specific packages (autodetected by isenkram)
- Based on the detected hardware various hardware specific packages are
- proposed.
-Test-new-install: show show
-Relevance: 8
-Packages: for-current-hardware
-
-Task: isenkram-firmware
-Section: hardware
-Description: Hardware specific firmware packages (autodetected by isenkram)
- Based on the detected hardware various hardware specific firmware
- packages are proposed.
-Test-new-install: mark show
-Relevance: 8
-Packages: for-current-hardware-firmware
-&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;The key parts are Test-new-install which indicate how the task
-should be handled and the Packages line referencing to a script in
-/usr/lib/tasksel/packages/.  The scripts use other scripts to get a
-list of packages to install.  The for-current-hardware-firmware script
-look like this to list relevant firmware for the machine:
-
-&lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;pre&gt;
-#!/bin/sh
-#
-PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH
-export PATH
-isenkram-autoinstall-firmware -l
-&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;With those two pieces in place, the firmware is installed by
-tasksel during the normal d-i run. :)&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;If you want to test what tasksel will install when isenkram-cli is
-installed, run &lt;tt&gt;DEBIAN_PRIORITY=critical tasksel --test
---new-install&lt;/tt&gt; to get the list of packages that tasksel would
-install.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/&quot;&gt;Debian Edu&lt;/a&gt; will be
-pilots in testing this feature, as isenkram is used there now to
-install firmware, replacing the earlier scripts.&lt;/p&gt;
+               <title>Debian Edu interview: Shirish Agarwal</title>
+               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Shirish_Agarwal.html</link>
+               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Shirish_Agarwal.html</guid>
+                <pubDate>Wed, 15 Apr 2015 09:20:00 +0200</pubDate>
+               <description>&lt;p&gt;It was a surprise to me to learn that project to create a complete
+computer system for schools I&#39;ve involved in,
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.skolelinux.org/&quot;&gt;Debian Edu / Skolelinux&lt;/a&gt;, was
+being used in India.  But apparently it is, and I managed to get an
+interview with one of the friends of the project there, Shirish
+Agarwal.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Who are you, and how do you spend your days?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;My name is Shirish Agarwal. Based out of the educational and
+historical city of Pune, from the western state of Maharashtra, India.
+My bread comes from giving training, giving policy tips,
+installations on free software to mom and pop shops in different
+fields from Desktop publishing to retail shops as well as work with
+few software start-ups as well.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
+project?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;It started innocently enough. I have been using Debian for a few
+years and in one local minidebconf / debutsav I was asked if there was
+anything for schools or education. I had worked / played with free
+educational softwares such as Gcompris and Stellarium for my many
+nieces and nephews so researched and found Debian Edu or Skolelinux as
+it was known then.  Since then I have started using the various
+education meta-packages provided by the project.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
+Edu?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;It&#39;s closest I have seen where a package full of educational
+software are packed, which are free and open (both literally and
+figuratively).  Even if I take the simplest software which is
+gcompris, the number of activities therein are amazing. Another one of
+the softwares that I have liked for a long time is stellarium. Even
+pysycache is cool except for couple of issues I encountered
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://bugs.debian.org/781841&quot;&gt;#781841&lt;/a&gt; and
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://bugs.debian.org/781842&quot;&gt;#781842&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;I prefer software installed on the system over web based solutions,
+as a web site can disappear any time but the software on disk has the
+possibility of a larger life span.  Of course with both it&#39;s more a
+question if it has enough users who make it fun or sustainable or both
+for the developer per-se.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
+Edu?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;I do see that the Debian Edu team seems to be short-handed and I
+think more efforts should be made to make it popular and ask and take
+help from people and the larger community wherever possible.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;I don&#39;t see any disadvantage to use Skolelinux apart from the fact
+that most apps. are generic which is good or bad how you see it.
+However, saying that I do acknowledge the fact that the canvas is
+pretty big and there are lot of interesting ideas that could be done
+but for reasons not known not done or if done I don&#39;t know about them.
+Let me share some of the ideas (these are more upstream based but
+still) I have had for a long time :&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;1. Classical maths question of two trains in opposing directions
+each running @x kmph/mph at y distance, when they will meet and how
+far would each travel and similar questions like these.
+
+&lt;p&gt;The computer is a fantastic system where questions like these can
+be drawn, animated and the methodology and answers teased out in
+interactive manner. While sites such as the
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://mathforum.org/dr.math/faq/faq.two.trains.html&quot;&gt;Ask
+Dr. Math FAQ on The Two Trains problem&lt;/a&gt; (as an example or point of
+inspiration) can be used there is lot more that can be done.  I dunno
+if there is a free software which does something like this.  The idea
+being a blend of objects + animation + interaction which does
+this. The whole interaction could be gamified with points or sounds or
+colourful celebration whenever the user gets even part of the question
+or/and methodology right. That would help reinforce good behaviour.
+This understanding could be used to share/showcase everything from how
+the first wheel came to be, to evolution to how astronomy started,
+psychics and everything in-between.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;One specific idea in the train part was having the Linux mascot on
+one train and the BSD or GNU mascot on the other train and they
+meeting somewhere in-between. Characters from blender movies could
+also be used.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;2. Loads of crossword-puzzles with reference to subjects: We have
+enormous data sets in Wikipedia and Wikitionary.  I don&#39;t think it
+should be a big job to design crossword puzzles. Using categories and
+sub-categories it should be doable to have Q&amp;A single word answers
+from the existing data-sets. What would make it easy or hard could be
+the length of the word + existence of many or few vowels depending on
+the user&#39;s input.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;3. Jigsaw puzzles - We already have a great software called
+palapeli with number of slicers making it pretty interesting. What
+needs to be done is to download large number of public domain and
+copyleft images, tease and use IPTC tags to categorise them into
+nature, history etc.  and let it loose. This could turn to be really
+huge collection of images. One source could be taken from
+commons.wikimedia.org, others could be huge collection of royalty-free
+stock photos. Potential is immense.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Apart from this, free software suffers in two directions, we lag
+both in development (of using new features per-se) and maintenance a
+lot.  This is more so in educational software as these applications
+need to be timely and the opportunity cost of missing deadlines is
+immense. If we are able to solve issues of funding for development and
+maintenance of such software I don&#39;t see any big difficulties. I know
+of few start-ups in and around India who would love to develop and
+maintain such software if funding issues could be solved.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Which free software do you use daily?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;That would be huge list. Some of the softwares are obviously apt,
+aptitude, debdelta, leafpad, the shell of course (zsh nowadays),
+quassel for IRC. In games I use shisen-sho while card-games are evenly
+between kpat and Aiselriot.  In desktops it&#39;s a tie between
+gnome-flashback and mate.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
+get schools to use free software?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;I think it should first start with using specific FOSS apps. in
+whatever environment they are. If it&#39;s MS-Windows or Mac so be it.
+Once they are habitual with the apps. and there is buy-in from the
+school management then it could be installed anywhere. Most of the
+people now understand the concept of a repository because of the
+various online stores so it isn&#39;t hard to convince on that front.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;What is harder is having enough people with technical skills and
+passion to service them. If you get buy-in from one or two teachers
+then ideas like above could also be asked to be done as a project as
+well.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;I think where we fall short more than anything is in marketing. For
+instance, Debian has this whole range of fonts in its archive but
+there isn&#39;t even a page where all those different fonts in the La
+Ipsum format could be tried out for newcomers.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;One of the issues faced constantly in installations is with updates
+and upgrades.  People have this myth that each update and upgrade
+means the user interface will / has to change. I have seen this
+innumerable times.  That perhaps is one of the reasons which browsers
+like Iceweasel / Firefox change user interfaces so much, not because
+it might be needed or be functional but because people believe that
+changed user interfaces are better. This, can easily be pointed with
+the user interfaces changed with almost every MS-Windows and Mac OS
+releases.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;The problems with Debian Edu for deployment are many. The biggest
+is the huge gap between what is taught in schools and what Debian Edu
+is aimed at.
+
+&lt;p&gt;Me and my friends did teach on week-ends in a government school for
+around 2 years, and
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://flossexperiences.wordpress.com/2012/10/08/sharings/&quot;&gt;gathered
+some experience&lt;/a&gt; there.  Some of the things we learnt/discovered
+there was :&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;ol&gt;
+
+  &lt;li&gt;Most of the teachers are very territorial about their subjects
+   and they do not want you to teach anything out of the
+   portion/syllabus given.&lt;/li&gt;
+
+  &lt;li&gt;They want any activity on the system in accordance to whatever
+   is in the syllabus.&lt;/li&gt;
+
+  &lt;li&gt;There are huge barriers both with the English language and at
+   times with objects or whatever. An example, let&#39;s say in gcompris
+   you have objects falling down and you have to name them and let&#39;s
+   say the falling object is a hat or a fedora hat, this would not be
+   as recognizable as say a
+   &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puneri_Pagadi&quot;&gt;Puneri
+   Pagdi&lt;/a&gt; so there is need to inject local objects, words wherever
+   possible. Especially for word-games there are so many hindi words
+   which have become part of english vocabulary (for instance in
+   parley), those could be made into a hinglish collection or
+   something but that is something for upstream to do.&lt;/li&gt;
+
+&lt;/ol&gt;

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-               <title>Ubuntu used to show the bread prizes at ICA Storo</title>
-               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ubuntu_used_to_show_the_bread_prizes_at_ICA_Storo.html</link>
-               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ubuntu_used_to_show_the_bread_prizes_at_ICA_Storo.html</guid>
-                <pubDate>Sat, 4 Oct 2014 15:20:00 +0200</pubDate>
-               <description>&lt;p&gt;Today I came across an unexpected Ubuntu boot screen.  Above the
-bread shelf on the ICA shop at Storo in Oslo, the grub menu of Ubuntu
-with Linux kernel 3.2.0-23 (ie probably version 12.04 LTS) was stuck
-on a screen normally showing the bread types and prizes:&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;img width=&quot;70%&quot; src=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2014-10-04-ubuntu-ica-storo-crop.jpeg&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;If it had booted as it was supposed to, I would never had known
-about this hidden Linux installation.  It is interesting what
-&lt;a href=&quot;http://revealingerrors.com/&quot;&gt;errors can reveal&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
+               <title>I&#39;m going to the Open Source Developers&#39; Conference Nordic 2015!</title>
+               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/I_m_going_to_the_Open_Source_Developers__Conference_Nordic_2015_.html</link>
+               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/I_m_going_to_the_Open_Source_Developers__Conference_Nordic_2015_.html</guid>
+                <pubDate>Tue, 7 Apr 2015 10:30:00 +0200</pubDate>
+               <description>&lt;p&gt;I am happy to let you all know that I&#39;m going to the &lt;a
+href=&quot;http://act.osdc.no/osdc2015no/&quot;&gt;Open Source Developers&#39;
+Conference Nordic 2015&lt;/a&gt;!&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;It take place Friday 8th to Sunday 10th of May in Oslo next to
+where I work, and I finally got around to submitting
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://act.osdc.no/osdc2015no/talk/6192&quot;&gt;a talk proposal for
+it&lt;/a&gt; (dead link for most people until the talk is accepted).  As
+part of my involvement with the
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/&quot;&gt;Norwegian Unix User Group member
+association&lt;/a&gt; I have been slightly involved in the planning of this
+conference for a while now, with a focus on organising a Civic Hacking
+Hackathon with our friends
+over at &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mysociety.org/&quot;&gt;mySociety&lt;/a&gt; and
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.holderdeord.no/&quot;&gt;Holder de ord&lt;/a&gt;.  This part is
+named the &#39;My Society&#39; track in the program.  There is still space for
+more talks and participants.  I hope to see you there.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Check out &lt;a href=&quot;http://act.osdc.no/osdc2015no/talks&quot;&gt;the talks
+submitted and accepted so far&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;

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-               <title>New lsdvd release version 0.17 is ready</title>
-               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/New_lsdvd_release_version_0_17_is_ready.html</link>
-               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/New_lsdvd_release_version_0_17_is_ready.html</guid>
-                <pubDate>Sat, 4 Oct 2014 08:40:00 +0200</pubDate>
-               <description>&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://sourceforge.net/p/lsdvd/&quot;&gt;lsdvd project&lt;/a&gt;
-got a new set of developers a few weeks ago, after the original
-developer decided to step down and pass the project to fresh blood.
-This project is now maintained by Petter Reinholdtsen and Steve
-Dibb.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;I just wrapped up
-&lt;a href=&quot;https://sourceforge.net/p/lsdvd/mailman/message/32896061/&quot;&gt;a
-new lsdvd release&lt;/a&gt;, available in git or from
-&lt;a href=&quot;https://sourceforge.net/projects/lsdvd/files/lsdvd/&quot;&gt;the
-download page&lt;/a&gt;.  This is the changelog dated 2014-10-03 for version
-0.17.&lt;/p&gt;
-
-&lt;ul&gt;
-
- &lt;li&gt;Ignore &#39;phantom&#39; audio, subtitle tracks&lt;/li&gt;
- &lt;li&gt;Check for garbage in the program chains, which indicate that a track is
-   non-existant, to work around additional copy protection&lt;/li&gt;
- &lt;li&gt;Fix displaying content type for audio tracks, subtitles&lt;/li&gt;
- &lt;li&gt;Fix pallete display of first entry&lt;/li&gt;
- &lt;li&gt;Fix include orders&lt;/li&gt;
- &lt;li&gt;Ignore read errors in titles that would not be displayed anyway&lt;/li&gt;
- &lt;li&gt;Fix the chapter count&lt;/li&gt;
- &lt;li&gt;Make sure the array size and the array limit used when initialising
-   the palette size is the same.&lt;/li&gt;
- &lt;li&gt;Fix array printing.&lt;/li&gt;
- &lt;li&gt;Correct subsecond calculations.&lt;/li&gt;
- &lt;li&gt;Add sector information to the output format.&lt;/li&gt;
- &lt;li&gt;Clean up code to be closer to ANSI C and compile without warnings
-   with more GCC compiler warnings.&lt;/li&gt;
-
-&lt;/ul&gt;
-
-&lt;p&gt;This change bring together patches for lsdvd in use in various
-Linux and Unix distributions, as well as patches submitted to the
-project the last nine years.  Please check it out. :)&lt;/p&gt;
+               <title>Proof reading the Norwegian translation of Free Culture by Lessig</title>
+               <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Proof_reading_the_Norwegian_translation_of_Free_Culture_by_Lessig.html</link>
+               <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Proof_reading_the_Norwegian_translation_of_Free_Culture_by_Lessig.html</guid>
+                <pubDate>Sat, 4 Apr 2015 09:30:00 +0200</pubDate>
+               <description>&lt;p&gt;During eastern I had some time to continue working on the Norwegian
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.docbook.org/&quot;&gt;docbook&lt;/a&gt; version of the 2004 book
+&lt;a href=&quot;http://free-culture.cc/&quot;&gt;Free Culture&lt;/a&gt; by Lawrence Lessig.
+At the moment I am proof reading the finished text, looking for typos,
+inconsistent wordings and sentences that do not flow as they should.
+I&#39;m more than two thirds done with the text, and welcome others to
+check the text up to chapter 13.  The current status is available on the
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig&quot;&gt;github&lt;/a&gt;
+project pages.  You can also check out the 
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig/blob/master/archive/freeculture.nb.pdf?raw=true&quot;&gt;PDF&lt;/a&gt;,
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig/blob/master/archive/freeculture.nb.epub?raw=true&quot;&gt;EPUB&lt;/a&gt;
+and HTML version available in the
+&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/free-culture-lessig/tree/master/archive&quot;&gt;archive
+directory&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
+
+&lt;p&gt;Please report typos, bugs and improvements to the github project if
+you find any.&lt;/p&gt;

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