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13 <h1>
14 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/">Petter Reinholdtsen</a>
15
16 </h1>
17
18 </div>
19
20
21 <h3>Entries tagged "debian edu".</h3>
22
23 <div class="entry">
24 <div class="title">
25 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Third alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
26 </div>
27 <div class="date">
28 10th June 2013
29 </div>
30 <div class="body">
31 <p>The third wheezy based alpha release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
32 today. This is the release announcement:</p>
33
34 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.0.0 alpha2 released
35 2013-06-10</strong></p>
36
37 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux 7.0.0 edu
38 alpha2, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
39
40 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
41
42 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
43 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
44 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
45 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
46 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
47 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
48 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
49 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
50 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
51 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
52 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
53 desktop contains
54 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
55 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
56 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
57 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
58
59 <p>This is the third test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
60 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
61 Squeeze release.</p>
62
63 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
64
65 <ul>
66
67 <li>Iceweasel was updated from 10 to 17. (DSA 2699-1)
68 <li>Updated libxv (DSA-2674), libxvmc (DSA-2675), libxfixes (DSA-2676), libxrender (DSA-2677), mesa (DSA-2678), xserver-xorg-video-openchrome (DSA-2679), libxt (DSA-2680), libxcursor (DSA-2681), libxext (DSA-2682), libxi (DSA-2683), libxrandr (DSA-2684), libxp (DSA-2685), libxcb (DSA-2686), libfs (DSA-2687), libxres (DSA-2688), libxtst (DSA-2689), libxxf86dga (DSA-2690), libxinerama (DSA-2691), libxxf86vm (DSA-2692), libx11 (DSA-2693), chromium-browser (DSA-2695), gnutls26 (DSA-2697), wireshark (DSA-2700), krb5 (DSA-2701), telepathy-gabble (DSA-2702) and subversion (DSA-2703).
69 <li>Switched xrdp on thin client servers to use tightvncserver instead of xvnc4.
70 <li>Now install software oscilloscope xoscope by default.
71 <li>Now install music tools gtick, lingot and pianobooster by default.
72
73 </ul>
74
75 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
76
77 <ul>
78
79 <li>The subnet-change script is now able to change all files needing a change on the main-server when changing the IP network used.
80 <li>Updated translation of the installation.
81 <li>New Romanian translation.
82 <li>Fix security problem causing root and first user password to no longer show up in /var/cache/debconf/templates.dat.
83 <li>Fix roaming workstation setup (Closed in libpam-mklocaluser/0.8, libpam-mklocaluser/0.8~deb7u1: #706753: libpam-mklocaluser: Fail to create local user during first login).
84 <li>Made roaming workstation setup more robust in non-Debian Edu environments.
85 <li>New script debian-edu-bless to transform a Debian installation to a Debian Edu profile.
86 <li>Adjust Iceweasel setup to improve performance when $HOME is on NFS.
87 <li>More testsuite tests.
88 <li>Make automatic proxy configuration more robust.
89 <li>Adjust GOsa² GUI configuration.
90
91 <li>Update thin client and diskless workstation setup to work with
92 LTSP in Wheezy.</li>
93
94 <li>Diskless workstations now run out of the box -- no need to set
95 them up with GOsa².</li>
96
97 <li>Update IMAP server setup. </li>
98
99 <li>Fix login into Skolelinux Backup Tool (Closed in
100 slbackup-php/0.4.4-1: #700257: slbackup-php: Fails to submit correctly
101 entered password). </li>
102
103 </ul>
104
105 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
106
107 <ul>
108
109 <li>DVD binary and source images are not yet ready.</li>
110
111 <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
112 available yet (Open in gosa/2.7.4-4: #698840: gosa-plugin-ldapmanager:
113 missing import feature).</li>
114
115 <li>Missing artwork for the KDE desktop (and probably a few others). </li>
116
117 <li>KDE Debian submenu lacks icons (Closed: #502192: menu-xdg: invents
118 own icon names instead of using existing). This will remain
119 unfixed.</li>
120
121 </ul>
122
123 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
124
125 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
126
127 <ul>
128
129 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso</a></li>
130
131 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso</a></li>
132
133 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso .</li>
134
135 </ul>
136
137 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 27bbcace407743382f3c42c08dbe8178
138 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: e35f7d7908566cd3075375b3721fa10ee420d419</p>
139
140 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
141
142 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
143
144 </div>
145 <div class="tags">
146
147
148 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
149
150
151 </div>
152 </div>
153 <div class="padding"></div>
154
155 <div class="entry">
156 <div class="title">
157 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Is_there_a_PHP_expert_in_the_building___Debian_Edu_need_help_.html">Is there a PHP expert in the building? Debian Edu need help!</a>
158 </div>
159 <div class="date">
160 5th June 2013
161 </div>
162 <div class="body">
163 <p>Here is a call for help from the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project.
164 We have two problems blocking the release of the Wheezy version we
165 hope to get released soon. The two problems require some with PHP
166 skills, and we seem to lack anyone with both time and PHP skills in
167 the project:
168
169 <ol>
170
171 <li>It is impossible to log into the slbackup web interface
172 (slbackup-php) using the root user and password. This is
173 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/700257">BTS report #700257</a>.
174 This used to work, but stopped working some time since Squeeze.
175 Perhaps some obsolete PHP feature was used?</li>
176
177 <li>It is not possible to "mass import" user lists in Gosa, neither
178 using ldif nor using CSV files. The feature was disabled after a
179 major rewrite of Gosa, and need to be ported to the new system.
180 This is <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/698840">BTS report
181 #698840</a>.</li>
182
183 </ol>
184
185 <p>If you can help us, please join us on IRC
186 (<a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu on
187 irc.debian.org</a>) and provide patches via the BTS.</p>
188
189 </div>
190 <div class="tags">
191
192
193 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
194
195
196 </div>
197 </div>
198 <div class="padding"></div>
199
200 <div class="entry">
201 <div class="title">
202 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__C_dric_Boutillier.html">Debian Edu interview: Cédric Boutillier</a>
203 </div>
204 <div class="date">
205 4th June 2013
206 </div>
207 <div class="body">
208 <p>It has been a while since my last English
209 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
210 interview last November. But the developers and translators are still
211 pulling along to get the Wheezy based release out the door, and this
212 time I managed to get an interview from one of the French translators
213 in the project, Cédric Boutillier.</p>
214
215 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
216
217 <p>I am 34 year old. I live near Paris, France. I am an assistant
218 professor in probability theory. I spend my daytime teaching
219 mathematics at the university and doing fundamental research in
220 probability in connexion with combinatorics and statistical physics.</p>
221
222 <p>I have been involved in the Debian project for a couple of years
223 and became Debian Developer a few months ago. I am working on Ruby
224 packaging, publicity and translation.</p>
225
226 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
227 project?</strong></p>
228
229 <p>I came to the Debian Edu project after a call for translation of
230 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Manuals">the
231 Debian Edu manual</a> for the release of Debian Edu Squeeze. Since
232 then, I have been working on updating the French translation of the
233 manual.
234
235 <p>I had the opportunity to make an installation of Debian Edu in a
236 virtual machine when I was preparing localised version of some screen
237 shots for the manual. I was amazed to see it worked out of the box and
238 how comprehensive the list of software installed by default was.</p>
239
240 <p>What amazed me was the complete network infrastructure directly
241 ready to use, which can and the nice administration interface provided
242 by <a href="https://oss.gonicus.de/labs/gosa/">GOsa²</a>. What pleased
243 me also was the fact that among the software installed by default,
244 there were many "traditional" educative software to learn languages,
245 to count, to program... but also software to develop creativity and
246 artistic skills with music (<a href="http://ardour.org/">Ardour</a>,
247 <a href="http://audacity.sourceforge.net/">Audacity</a>) and
248 movies/animation (I was especially thinking of
249 <a href="http://linuxstopmotion.sourceforge.net/">Stopmotion</a>).</p>
250
251 <p>I am following the development of Debian Edu and am hanging out on
252 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu</a>.
253 Unfortunately, I don't much time to get more involved in this
254 beautiful project.</p>
255
256 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
257 Edu?</strong></p>
258
259 <p>For me, the main advantages of Skolelinux/Debian Edu are its
260 community of experts and its precise documentation, as well as the
261 fact that it provides a solution ready to use.</p>
262
263 <p>I would add also the fact that it is based on the rock solid Debian
264 distribution, which ensures stability and provides a huge collection
265 of educational free software.</p>
266
267 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
268 Edu?</strong></p>
269
270 <p>Maybe the lack of manpower to do lobbying on the
271 project. Sometimes, people who need to take decisions concerning IT do
272 not have all the elements to evaluate properly free software
273 solutions. The fact that support by a company may be difficult to find
274 is probably a problem if the school does not have IT personnel.</p>
275
276 <p>One can find support from a company by looking at
277 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Help/ProfessionalHelp">the
278 wiki dokumentation</a>, where some countries already have a number of
279 companies providing support for Debian Edu, like Germany or
280 Norway. This list is easy to find readily from the manual. However,
281 for other countries, like France, the list is empty. I guess that
282 consultants proposing support for Debian would be able to provide some
283 support for Debian Edu as well.</p>
284
285 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
286
287 <p>I am using the KDE Plasma Desktop. But the pieces of software I use
288 most runs in a terminal: Mutt and OfflineIMAP for emails, latex for
289 scientific documents, mpd for music. VIM is my editor of choice. I am
290 also using the mathematical software
291 <a href="http://www.scilab.org/en/scilab/about‎">Scilab</a> and
292 <a href="http://www.sagemath.org/index.html‎">Sage</a> (built from
293 source as not completely packaged for Debian, yet).
294
295 <p><strong>Do you have any suggestions for teachers interested in
296 using the free software in Debian to teach mathematics and
297 statistics?</strong></p>
298
299 <p>I do not have any "nice" recommendations for statistics. At our
300 university, we use both <a href="http://www.r-project.org/‎">R</a> and
301 Scilab to teach statistics and probabilistic simulations. For
302 geometry, there are nice programs:</p>
303
304 <ul>
305
306 <li><a href="http://www.drgeo.eu/">drgeo</a> and
307 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/applications/all/kig‎">kig</a> to do
308 constructions in planar geometry
309
310 <li><a href="http://www.geom.uiuc.edu/software/download/kali.html">kali</a>
311 to discover symmetry groups (the so-called wallpapers and frieze
312 groups), although the interface looks a bit old.</li>
313
314 </ul>
315
316 <p>I like also
317 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/applications/all/cantor">cantor</a>, which
318 provides a uniform interface to SciLab, Sage,
319 <a href="http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Octave‎">Octave</a>, etc...</p>
320
321 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
322 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
323
324 <p>My suggestions would be to</p>
325
326 <ul>
327
328 <li>advertise the reduction of costs when free software is used.</li>
329
330 <li>communicate about the quality of free software projects, using
331 well known examples like Firefox, ThunderBird and
332 OpenOffice.org/LibreOffice.</li>
333
334 <li>advertise the living and strong community around the project.</li>
335
336 <li>show that it is not more difficult to use than any other
337 system.</li>
338
339 </ul>
340
341 </div>
342 <div class="tags">
343
344
345 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
346
347
348 </div>
349 </div>
350 <div class="padding"></div>
351
352 <div class="entry">
353 <div class="title">
354 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">Educational applications included in Debian Edu / Skolelinux (the screenshot collection :-)</a>
355 </div>
356 <div class="date">
357 1st June 2013
358 </div>
359 <div class="body">
360 <p>Included in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
361 Skolelinux</a>, there are quite a lot of educational software.
362 Created to help teachers teach, and pupils learn. We have tried to
363 tag them all using debtags use::learning and role::program, and using
364 the debtags I was happy to be able to create a collage of the
365 educational software packages installed by default, sorted by the
366 debtag field. Here it is. Click on a image to learn more about the
367 program.</p>
368
369 <!-- for f in $(debtags tagcat|grep field::|awk '{print $2}'); do echo; echo "<p><strong>$f</strong></p>"; echo "<p>"; ( for p in $(debtags search --names "use::learning && interface::x11 && role::program && $f"); do img="<img src='http://screenshots.debian.net/thumbnail/$p' alt='$p'>"; if dpkg -s $p > /dev/null 2>&1; then echo "<a href='http://packages.qa.debian.org/$p'>$img</a>"; fi; done; ) | LANG=C sort; echo "</p>"; done -->
370
371 <p><strong>field::arts</strong></p>
372 <p>
373 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=audacity'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/audacity.png' alt='audacity'></a>
374 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
375 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=denemo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/denemo.png' alt='denemo'></a>
376 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=freebirth'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/freebirth.png' alt='freebirth'></a>
377 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
378 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gimp'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gimp.png' alt='gimp'></a>
379 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=hydrogen'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/hydrogen.png' alt='hydrogen'></a>
380 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=lilypond'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/lilypond.png' alt='lilypond'></a>
381 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=lmms'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/lmms.png' alt='lmms'></a>
382 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=rosegarden'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/rosegarden.png' alt='rosegarden'></a>
383 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scribus'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scribus.png' alt='scribus'></a>
384 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=solfege'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/solfege.png' alt='solfege'></a>
385 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=stopmotion'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/stopmotion.png' alt='stopmotion'></a>
386 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=tuxpaint'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/tuxpaint.png' alt='tuxpaint'></a>
387 </p>
388
389 <p><strong>field::astronomy</strong></p>
390 <p>
391 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=celestia-gnome'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/celestia-gnome.png' alt='celestia-gnome'></a>
392 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gpredict'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gpredict.png' alt='gpredict'></a>
393 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kstars'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kstars.png' alt='kstars'></a>
394 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=planets'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/planets.png' alt='planets'></a>
395 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=stellarium'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/stellarium.png' alt='stellarium'></a>
396 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xplanet'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xplanet.png' alt='xplanet'></a>
397 </p>
398
399 <p><strong>field::biology:structural</strong></p>
400 <p>
401 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=pymol'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/pymol.png' alt='pymol'></a>
402 </p>
403
404 <p><strong>field::chemistry</strong></p>
405 <p>
406 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=atomix'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/atomix.png' alt='atomix'></a>
407 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=chemtool'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/chemtool.png' alt='chemtool'></a>
408 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=easychem'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/easychem.png' alt='easychem'></a>
409 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gchempaint'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gchempaint.png' alt='gchempaint'></a>
410 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gdis'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gdis.png' alt='gdis'></a>
411 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=ghemical'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/ghemical.png' alt='ghemical'></a>
412 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gperiodic'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gperiodic.png' alt='gperiodic'></a>
413 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kalzium'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kalzium.png' alt='kalzium'></a>
414 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=pymol'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/pymol.png' alt='pymol'></a>
415 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=viewmol'>[viewmol]</a>
416 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xdrawchem'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xdrawchem.png' alt='xdrawchem'></a>
417 </p>
418
419 <p><strong>field::electronics</strong></p>
420 <p>
421 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
422 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gpsim'>[gpsim]</a>
423 </p>
424
425 <p><strong>field::geography</strong></p>
426 <p>
427 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kgeography'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kgeography.png' alt='kgeography'></a>
428 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=marble'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/marble.png' alt='marble'></a>
429 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xplanet'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xplanet.png' alt='xplanet'></a>
430 </p>
431
432 <p><strong>field::linguistics</strong></p>
433 <p>
434 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
435 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kanagram'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kanagram.png' alt='kanagram'></a>
436 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=khangman'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/khangman.png' alt='khangman'></a>
437 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=klettres'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/klettres.png' alt='klettres'></a>
438 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=parley'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/parley.png' alt='parley'></a>
439 </p>
440
441 <p><strong>field::mathematics</strong></p>
442 <p>
443 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
444 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=drgeo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/drgeo.png' alt='drgeo'></a>
445 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
446 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=geogebra'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/geogebra.png' alt='geogebra'></a>
447 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=geomview'>[geomview]</a>
448 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=grace'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/grace.png' alt='grace'></a>
449 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=graphmonkey'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/graphmonkey.png' alt='graphmonkey'></a>
450 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=graphthing'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/graphthing.png' alt='graphthing'></a>
451 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kalgebra'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kalgebra.png' alt='kalgebra'></a>
452 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kbruch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kbruch.png' alt='kbruch'></a>
453 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kig'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kig.png' alt='kig'></a>
454 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kmplot'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kmplot.png' alt='kmplot'></a>
455 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=mathwar'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/mathwar.png' alt='mathwar'></a>
456 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=rocs'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/rocs.png' alt='rocs'></a>
457 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scratch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scratch.png' alt='scratch'></a>
458 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=tuxmath'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/tuxmath.png' alt='tuxmath'></a>
459 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xabacus'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xabacus.png' alt='xabacus'></a>
460 </p>
461
462 <p><strong>field::physics</strong></p>
463 <p>
464 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
465 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=step'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/step.png' alt='step'></a>
466 </p>
467
468 <p><strong>field::TODO</strong></p>
469 <p>
470 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=blinken'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/blinken.png' alt='blinken'></a>
471 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=cgoban'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/cgoban.png' alt='cgoban'></a>
472 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
473 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
474 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gnuchess'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gnuchess.png' alt='gnuchess'></a>
475 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gnugo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gnugo.png' alt='gnugo'></a>
476 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gtans'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gtans.png' alt='gtans'></a>
477 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=ktouch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/ktouch.png' alt='ktouch'></a>
478 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=librecad'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/librecad.png' alt='librecad'></a>
479 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scratch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scratch.png' alt='scratch'></a>
480 </p>
481
482 <p>In total, 61 applications. 3 of them lacked screen shots on
483 <a href="http://screenshot.debian.net">screenshot.debian.net</a>. If
484 you know of some packages we should install by default, please let us
485 know on <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">IRC, #debian-edu
486 on irc.debian.org</a>, or our
487 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">mailing list
488 debian-edu@</a>.</p>
489
490 </div>
491 <div class="tags">
492
493
494 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
495
496
497 </div>
498 </div>
499 <div class="padding"></div>
500
501 <div class="entry">
502 <div class="title">
503 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Nirosan_Thiyagalingam.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Nirosan Thiyagalingam</a>
504 </div>
505 <div class="date">
506 24th May 2013
507 </div>
508 <div class="body">
509 <p>En ting
510 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektet</a> har
511 hatt mye glede av er studentprosjekter. F.eks. er
512 <a href="http://linuxstopmotion.org/">stillbildeanimasjonssystemet
513 Stopmotion</a> resultat av et studentprosjekt i Skolelinux. De siste
514 månedene har en ivrig student veiledet av Marius Kotsbak i
515 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRiSK</a> testet hva en
516 kan få til med en datamaskin til NOK 400,- (antagelig 1700,- med
517 skjerm, tastatur og mus) når det brukes i Skolelinux. Jeg spurte han
518 om et intervju.</p>
519
520 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
521
522 <p>Jeg heter Nirosan Thiyagalingam. Jeg er 24 år og studerer
523 dataingeniør studiet ved Høgskolen i Sør Trøndelag. Interessen for
524 data har siden ung alder vært tilstede og jeg har i tillegg alltid
525 vært glad i å lære nye ting. Med teknologi som endres svært hurtig er
526 det alltid noe nytt å lære. Noe som igjen har gjort det svært
527 interessant å følge med på utviklingen. Jeg valgte dataingeniør
528 studiet grunnet ønske om å lære enda mer om programmering og utvikling
529 av store systemer.</p>
530
531 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
532
533 <p>Skolelinux prosjektet hørte jeg først om i media. Men det var først
534 når jeg skulle velge bacheloroppgave at jeg fattet mer interesse for
535 prosjektet. Et enkelt søk på nettet førte meg til skolelinux sine
536 hjemmesider. Informasjonen jeg fant der gjorde meg enda nysgjerrig og
537 jeg valgte derfor en oppgave som gikk ut på å få en
538 <a href="http://www.raspberrypi.org">Raspberry PI</a>. Altså en
539 ultra-billig datamaskin til å kjøre Debian Edu på lik linje med
540 vanlige datamaskiner. I løpet av prosjektet ble det gjort mye
541 forskning på nettet. Det var mye jeg måtte forstå rundt hvordan
542 operativsystemet Linux fungerte før jeg kunne angripe
543 problemet. Prøvde først å finne ut hvordan man kunne transformere en
544 vanlig installasjon av Skolelinux til Raspberry PI, men dette var
545 altfor vanskelig å jeg endte opp med mer spørsmål enn svar. Det ble
546 videre opprettet kontakt med Skolelinux utviklere på IRC der jeg fikk
547 diskutert hvilken retning jeg burde gå for å få til en fullverdig
548 løsning. Det ble bestemt at jeg skulle gå for å først installere
549 <a href="http://www.raspbian.org/">Raspian</a>. Dette er et
550 operativsystem basert på Debian spesiallaget for Raspberry Pi sin
551 maskinvare. Nå som Debian var installert på datamaskinen gjenstod det
552 å installere de nødvendige Skolelinux pakkene for å få til et
553 fullverdig system. Disse pakkene ble installert manuelt i første
554 omgang, men ble senere installert automatisk via et script som Petter
555 Reinholdtsen laget. Dette scriptet er så enkel å bruke at man er i
556 gang med installasjonen i løpet av bare 5 minutter. Ikke nok med det,
557 alt skjer helt automatisk. Alt i alt er jeg veldig fornøyd med
558 resultatet av installasjonsprosessen. Raspberry Pi er en veldig svak
559 maskin og det merkes godt når man har installert Skolelinux på
560 den. Video og 3D-rendering fungerer utrolig dårlig, men nettsurfing og
561 kontorprogrammer fungerer godt. Det kan derfor konkluderes med at
562 datamaskinen er egnet for enkle oppgaver.
563
564 <p>Jeg syns det er viktig påpeke at dette kun er startfasen av en slik
565 løsning. På markedet finnes det nå maskiner som har bedre hardware enn
566 Raspberry Pi. Det er store muligheter for at man kan klare å
567 installere Skolelinux på disse også, og da forsvinner nok mest
568 sannsynlig ytelsesproblemene med Video og 3D rendering også.</p>
569
570 <p>Det ble også prøvd med en løsning som gjorde at Raspberry Pi
571 fungerte som en tynnklient. Denne løsningen hadde langt bedre ytelse
572 med tanke på hastighet og brukeropplevelse. Men også her var video og
573 3D rendering dårlig. Det ble brukt en liten Linux distribusjon kalt
574 <a href="http://www.berryterminal.com/">BerryTerminal</a> for å få til
575 dette.</p>
576
577 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
578
579 <p>Fordelen med Skolelinux er mange. At det er gratis er en stor
580 fordel, men at det er så mange som er med på å utvikle det og
581 vedlikeholde det er en enda større fordel. Allerede før jeg startet
582 med prosjektet så jeg mange fordeler, og når jeg nærmet meg sluttfasen
583 så jeg langt flere. At prosjektet skulle inneha en så høy kvalitet
584 hadde jeg aldri trodd. En vanlig Skolelinux installasjon har de
585 nødvendige programmene og funksjonen som både små og store skoler i
586 tillegg til organisasjoner kan klare seg med. At prosjektet tilbyr en
587 så komplett løsning er en kjempefordel. Installasjonen er knirkefri
588 og det er svært enkelt å installere og komme i gang.</p>
589
590 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
591
592 <p>Ulempene jeg ser med prosjektet er ryddigheten av websidene. Selv
593 om websidene er enkle og konsise er det allikevel ikke appellerende i
594 like stor grad som for eksempel
595 <a href="http://www.ubuntu.com">Ubuntu</a> sine sider. Deres side
596 tilbyr, i tillegg til godt design og presentasjon, en nettbasert
597 emulator av deres operativsystem. Dette er en stor fordel slik jeg ser
598 det. Bortsett fra dette ser jeg absolutt ingen ulemper med
599 Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
600
601 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
602
603 <p>Til daglig er jeg en flittig bruker av det åpne media
604 sentersystemet <a href="http://xbmc.org/">XBMC</a>. Det enorme
605 samfunnet rundt dette prosjektet har gjort dette til et program som
606 dekker alles behov. Man kan tilpasse det akkurat slik man vil både med
607 tanke på utseende og funksjoner ved installere plug-ins eller
608 scripts.</p>
609
610 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
611 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
612
613 <p>Strategien som burde brukes sett fra mine øyne er
614 markedsføring. Jeg er sikker på at om flere skoler fikk et lite innsyn
615 i hvor bra Skolelinux er så ville de ikke nølt med å gå over fra noe
616 annet som koster de store summer. At skolelinux til de grader tilbyr
617 en så komplett løsning bure komme frem. Enten via reklamekampanjer
618 eller ved å sende ut folk til skoler for så å la skolenettverk
619 ansvarlige få teste ut hvordan Skolelinux fungerer i praksis. Om det
620 i tillegg ble utviklet gode websider og en emulator for å la brukere
621 prøve operativsystemet ville nok dette ha styrket inntrykket
622 betraktelig.</p>
623
624 </div>
625 <div class="tags">
626
627
628 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
629
630
631 </div>
632 </div>
633 <div class="padding"></div>
634
635 <div class="entry">
636 <div class="title">
637 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_transform_a_Debian_based_system_to_a_Debian_Edu_installation.html">How to transform a Debian based system to a Debian Edu installation</a>
638 </div>
639 <div class="date">
640 17th May 2013
641 </div>
642 <div class="body">
643 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> is
644 an operating system based on Debian intended for use in schools. It
645 contain a turn-key solution for the computer network provided to
646 pupils in the primary schools. It provide both the central server,
647 network boot servers and desktop environments with heaps of
648 educational software. The project was founded almost 12 years ago,
649 2001-07-02. If you want to support the project, which is in need for
650 cash to fund developer gatherings and other project related activity,
651 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/donations.html">please
652 donate some money</a>.
653
654 <p>A topic that come up again and again on the Debian Edu mailing
655 lists and elsewhere, is the question on how to transform a Debian or
656 Ubuntu installation into a Debian Edu installation. It isn't very
657 hard, and last week I wrote a script to replicate the steps done by
658 the Debian Edu installer.</p>
659
660 <p>The script,
661 <a href="http://anonscm.debian.org/viewvc/debian-edu/branches/wheezy/debian-edu-config/share/debian-edu-config/tools/debian-edu-bless?view=markup">debian-edu-bless<a/>
662 in the debian-edu-config package, will go through these six steps and
663 transform an existing Debian Wheezy or Ubuntu (untested) installation
664 into a Debian Edu Workstation:</p>
665
666 <ol>
667
668 <li>Add skolelinux related APT sources.</li>
669 <li>Create /etc/debian-edu/config with the wanted configuration.</li>
670 <li>Install debian-edu-install to load preseeding values and pull in
671 our configuration.</li>
672 <li>Preseed debconf database with profile setup in
673 /etc/debian-edu/config, and run tasksel to install packages
674 according to the profile specified in the config above,
675 overriding some of the Debian automation machinery.</li>
676 <li>Run debian-edu-cfengine-D installation to configure everything
677 that could not be done using preseeding.</li>
678 <li>Ask for a reboot to enable all the configuration changes.</li>
679
680 </ol>
681
682 <p>There are some steps in the Debian Edu installation that can not be
683 replicated like this. Disk partitioning and LVM setup, for example.
684 So this script just assume there is enough disk space to install all
685 the needed packages.</p>
686
687 <p>The script was created to help a Debian Edu student working on
688 setting up <a href="http://www.raspberrypi.org">Raspberry Pi</a> as a
689 Debian Edu client, and using it he can take the existing
690 <a href="http://www.raspbian.org/FrontPage‎">Raspbian</a> installation and
691 transform it into a fully functioning Debian Edu Workstation (or
692 Roaming Workstation, or whatever :).</p>
693
694 <p>The default setting in the script is to create a KDE Workstation.
695 If a LXDE based Roaming workstation is wanted instead, modify the
696 PROFILE and DESKTOP values at the top to look like this instead:</p>
697
698 <p><pre>
699 PROFILE="Roaming-Workstation"
700 DESKTOP="lxde"
701 </pre></p>
702
703 <p>The script could even become useful to set up Debian Edu servers in
704 the cloud, by starting with a virtual Debian installation at some
705 virtual hosting service and setting up all the services on first
706 boot.</p>
707
708 </div>
709 <div class="tags">
710
711
712 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
713
714
715 </div>
716 </div>
717 <div class="padding"></div>
718
719 <div class="entry">
720 <div class="title">
721 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Second alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
722 </div>
723 <div class="date">
724 14th May 2013
725 </div>
726 <div class="body">
727 <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
728 project</a> is making great progress and made its second Wheezy based
729 release today. This is the release announcement:</p>
730
731 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.0.0 alpha1 released
732 2013-05-14</strong></p>
733
734 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux 7.0.0 edu
735 alpha1, based on <a href="http://www.debian.org">Debian</a> with
736 codename "Wheezy".</p>
737
738 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
739
740 <p>Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux, is a Linux distribution based
741 on Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
742 configured school network. Immediatly after installation a school
743 server running all services needed for a school network is set up just
744 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
745 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
746 initial installation of the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all
747 other machines can be installed via the network.</p>
748
749 <p>This is the first test release based on Wheezy (which currently is
750 not released yet). Basically this is an updated and slightly improved
751 version compared to the Squeeze release.</p>
752
753 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
754 <ul>
755 <li>Install freemind (0.9.0) by default, and stop installing vym by
756 default.</li>
757 <li>Install chromium (26.0.1410.43) by default.</li>
758 <li>Install goplay (0.5-1.1) to make golearn available by default.</li>
759 <li>Updated support for Japanese input methods, now based on
760 ibus-anthy.</li>
761 </ul>
762
763 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
764 <ul>
765
766 <li>Switched default file system from ext3 to ext4 for speed and
767 reliability improvements.</li>
768 <li>Got rid of unwanted winbind daemon and PAM setup activated because
769 of <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/706434">706434</a>.</li>
770 <li>Extended and improved the testsuite tests to detect more possible
771 problems.</li>
772 <li>Corrected proxy handling to not set http_proxy to a bogus
773 direct:// URL.</li>
774 <li>Corrected proxy setup for diskless workstations.</li>
775 <li>Corrected PXE setup to use our updated udebs during installation.</li>
776 <li>Made installation handling of low entropy level more robust.</li>
777 <li>Create larger partitions for Roaming workstations and Thin client
778 servers, to make room for all the software installed.</li>
779 <li>Fix bug in Roaming workstation PAM setup, making it impossible to
780 log in (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/706753">706753</a>).</li>
781 </ul>
782
783 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
784 <ul>
785
786 <li>IP resolution for the local hostname give useless IPv6 address
787 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/705900">705900</a>). Only install
788 libnss-myhostname on roaming workstations until it is fixed.</li>
789 <li>DVD images are not yet ready.</li>
790 <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
791 available yet (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/698840">698840</a>).</li>
792 <li>Missing artwork for the KDE desktop (and probably a few others).</li>
793 <li>KDE Debian submenu lacks icons.</li>
794 <li>LXDE menu lacks entry for changing GOsa password
795 (website). Installing gosa-desktop will be an option.</li>
796 <li>Backup configuration via web interface is impossible due to
797 password submission problem
798 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/700257">700257</a>).</li>
799
800 </ul>
801
802 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
803
804 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
805 <ul>
806
807 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</a></li>
808 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</a></li>
809 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</li>
810
811 </ul>
812
813 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 685ed76c1aa8e44b12d3fde21faf450b</p>
814
815 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 6c874de157024da13e115bab29c068080a11ec4c</p>
816
817 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
818
819 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
820
821 </div>
822 <div class="tags">
823
824
825 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
826
827
828 </div>
829 </div>
830 <div class="padding"></div>
831
832 <div class="entry">
833 <div class="title">
834 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Narvik_sparer_minst_9_millioner_p____bruke_Skolelinux.html">Narvik sparer minst 9 millioner på å bruke Skolelinux</a>
835 </div>
836 <div class="date">
837 10th May 2013
838 </div>
839 <div class="body">
840 <p>I fjor sommer ble jeg
841 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">gledelig
842 overrasket</a> over et oppslag i avisen Fremover om Narvik kommunes
843 bruk av <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>. Oppslaget
844 var basert på et notat som besvarte spørsmål fra ordfører Tor Nysæter
845 og rådgiver for skolesektoren, Petter Falkbu, om bruken av Skolelinux
846 i Narvikskolene og konstnaden ved å gå over til Windows. For litt
847 over en uke siden siden fikk jeg endelig bedt kommunen om å få innsyn
848 i dette notatet, og det ble oversendt på epost tirsdag. Jeg fikk
849 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/pub/offentliginnsyn/from-Narvik-kommune/2013-04-29-09:12-skolelinux-notat/PetterFalkbuogwindowsfornarvikskolen%20(L)351310.pdf">lagt
850 ut notatet</a> samme dag, og fikk i dag sjekket postlista til Narvik,
851 der jeg fant notatet som
852 <a href="https://www.narvik.kommune.no/innsyn.aspx?response=arkivsak_detaljer&arkivsakid=2013001023&scripturi=/innsyn.aspx&skin=infolink&Mid1=301&">sak
853 2013/1023</a>.</p>
854
855 <p>Notatet forteller at Narvik ville måtte betalt minst 9 millioner
856 for å gå over til Windows på skolene. I tillegg dokumenterer notatet
857 at læreplanens krav oppfylles uten problemer ved bruk av Skolelinux.
858 Jeg anbefaler alle å lese de 10 sidene med gode argumenter for å kutte
859 unødige utgifter på IT i skoleverket. :)</p>
860
861 </div>
862 <div class="tags">
863
864
865 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
866
867
868 </div>
869 </div>
870 <div class="padding"></div>
871
872 <div class="entry">
873 <div class="title">
874 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Wheezy_is_out___and_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_should_soon_follow___newinwheezy.html">Debian Wheezy is out - and Debian Edu / Skolelinux should soon follow! #newinwheezy</a>
875 </div>
876 <div class="date">
877 5th May 2013
878 </div>
879 <div class="body">
880 <p>When I woke up this morning, I was very happy to see that the
881 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2013/20130504">release announcement
882 for Debian Wheezy</a> was waiting in my mail box. This is a great
883 Debian release, and I expect to move my machines at home over to it fairly
884 soon.</p>
885
886 <p>The new debian release contain heaps of new stuff, and one program
887 in particular make me very happy to see included. The
888 <a href="http://scratch.mit.edu/">Scratch</a> program, made famous by
889 the <a href="http://www.code.org/">Teach kids code</a> movement, is
890 included for the first time. Alongside similar programs like
891 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/kturtle/">kturtle</a> and
892 <a href="http://wiki.sugarlabs.org/go/Activities/Turtle_Art">turtleart</a>,
893 it allow for visual programming where syntax errors can not happen,
894 and a friendly programming environment for learning to control the
895 computer. Scratch will also be included in the next release of Debian
896 Edu.</a>
897
898 <p>And now that Wheezy is wrapped up, we can wrap up the next Debian
899 Edu/Skolelinux release too. The
900 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/2013/04/msg00132.html">first
901 alpha release</a> went out last week, and the next should soon
902 follow.<p>
903
904 </div>
905 <div class="tags">
906
907
908 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
909
910
911 </div>
912 </div>
913 <div class="padding"></div>
914
915 <div class="entry">
916 <div class="title">
917 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">First alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
918 </div>
919 <div class="date">
920 26th April 2013
921 </div>
922 <div class="body">
923 <p>The Debian Edu / Skolelinux project is still going strong and made
924 its first Wheezy based release today. This is the release
925 announcement:</p>
926
927 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu ~7.0.0 alpha0 released
928 2013-04-26</strong></p>
929
930 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux ~7.0.0
931 edu alpha0, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
932
933 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
934
935 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
936 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
937 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
938 network. Immediatly after installation a school server running all
939 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
940 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
941 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
942 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
943 installed via the network.</p>
944
945 <p>This is the first test release based on Wheezy (which currently is
946 not released yet). Basically this is an updated and slightly improved
947 version compared to the Squeeze release.</p>
948
949 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
950
951 <ul>
952 <li>Everything which is new in Debian Wheezy, eg:
953 <ul>
954 <li>Linux kernel 3.2.x</li>
955 <li>Desktop environments KDE "Plasma" 4.8.4, GNOME 3.4, and LXDE 4
956 (KDE is installed by default; to choose GNOME or LXDE: see
957 manual.)</li>
958 <li>Web browser Iceweasel 10 ESR</li>
959 <li>LibreOffice 3.5.4</li>
960 <li>LTSP 5.4.2</li>
961 <li>GOsa 2.7.4</li>
962 <li>CUPS print system 1.5.3</li>
963 <li>Educational toolbox GCompris 12.01</li>
964 <li>Music creator Rosegarden 12.04</li>
965 <li>Image editor Gimp 2.8.2</li>
966 <li>Virtual universe Celestia 1.6.1</li>
967 <li>Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.11.3</li>
968 <li>Scratch visual programming environment 1.4.0.6</li>
969 <li>New version of debian-installer from Debian Wheezy, see
970 <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/installmanual">installation
971 manual</a> for more details.</li>
972 <li>Debian Wheezy includes about 37000 packages available for
973 installation.</li>
974 <li>More information about Debian Wheezy 7.0 is provided in the
975 <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/releasenotes">release notes</a> and the <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/installmanual">installation manual</a>.</li>
976 </ul></li>
977 </ul>
978
979 <p><strong>Documentation</strong></p>
980 <ul>
981 <li>The (<a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy">English</a>) Debian Edu Wheezy Manual is fully translated to
982 German, French, Italian and Danish. Partly translated versions exist
983 for Norwegian Bokmal and Spanish.</li>
984 </ul>
985
986 <p><Strong>LDAP related changes</strong></p>
987 <ul>
988 <li>Slight changes to some objects and acls to have more types to
989 choose from when adding systems in GOsa. Now systems can be of type
990 server, workstation, printer, terminal or netdevice.</li>
991 </ul>
992
993 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
994 <ul>
995 <li>LTSP clients start as diskless workstation / thin client can be
996 configured via command line argument -- or individually adding an
997 entry in lts.conf or LDAP.<li>
998 <li>GOsa gui: Now some options that seemed to be available, but are non
999 functional, are greyed out (or are not clickable). Some tabs are
1000 completely hidden to the end user, others even to the GOsa admin.</li>
1001 </ul>
1002
1003 <p><strong>Regressions</strong></p>
1004 <ul>
1005 <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv) available
1006 yet.</li>
1007 </ul>
1008
1009 <p><strong>No updated artwork</strong></p>
1010
1011 <ul>
1012 <li>Updated artwork which is visible during installation, in the login
1013 screen and as desktop wallpaper is still missing or the same as we
1014 had for our Squeeze based release.</li>
1015 </ul>
1016
1017 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
1018
1019 To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use
1020 <ul>
1021 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</a></li>
1022 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</a></li>
1023 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</li>
1024 </ul>
1025
1026 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: c5e773ddafdaa4f48c409c682f598b6c</p>
1027
1028 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 25934fabb9b7d20235499a0a51f08ce6c54215f2</p>
1029
1030 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
1031
1032 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
1033
1034 </div>
1035 <div class="tags">
1036
1037
1038 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1039
1040
1041 </div>
1042 </div>
1043 <div class="padding"></div>
1044
1045 <div class="entry">
1046 <div class="title">
1047 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_developer_gathering_in_2013_take_place_in_Trondheim.html">First Debian Edu / Skolelinux developer gathering in 2013 take place in Trondheim</a>
1048 </div>
1049 <div class="date">
1050 16th April 2013
1051 </div>
1052 <div class="body">
1053 <p>This years first <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux /
1054 Debian Edu</a> developer gathering take place the coming weekend in Trondheim.
1055 Details about the gathering can be found
1056 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering/2013-04-19-21-Trondheim">on
1057 the FRiSK wiki</a>. The dates are 19-21th of April 2013, and online
1058 participation for those unable to make it in person is very welcome,
1059 and I plan to participate online myself as I could not leave Oslo this
1060 weekend.</p>
1061
1062 <p>The focus of the gathering is to work on the web pages and project
1063 infrastructure, and to continue the work on the Wheezy based Debian
1064 Edu release.</p>
1065
1066 <p>See you on <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">IRC, #debian-edu on irc.debian.org,</a> then?</p>
1067
1068 </div>
1069 <div class="tags">
1070
1071
1072 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1073
1074
1075 </div>
1076 </div>
1077 <div class="padding"></div>
1078
1079 <div class="entry">
1080 <div class="title">
1081 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_6_got_a_video_review_from_Pcwizz.html">Skolelinux 6 got a video review from Pcwizz</a>
1082 </div>
1083 <div class="date">
1084 17th March 2013
1085 </div>
1086 <div class="body">
1087 <p>Via
1088 <a href="https://twitter.com/pcwizz/status/313044373262716930">twitter</a>
1089 I just discovered that <a href="http://pcwizz.net/">Pcwizz</a> have
1090 done a <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wPzTZ61Pcuc">video
1091 review</a> on Youtube of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux
1092 / Debian Edu</a> version 6. He installed the standalone profile and
1093 the video show a walk-through of of the menu content, demonstration of
1094 a few programs and his view of our distribution.</p>
1095
1096 <p>There is also some really nice quotes (transcribed by me, might
1097 have heard wrong). While looking thought the Graphics menu:</p>
1098
1099 <blockquote>
1100 "Basically everything you ever need in a school environment."
1101 </blockquote>
1102
1103 <p>And as a general evaluation of the entire distribution:</p>
1104
1105 <blockquote>
1106 "So, yeah, a bit bloated. It kept all the Debian stuff in there, just
1107 to keep it nice and GNU. So, I do not want to go on about it, but
1108 lets give it 7 out of 10. I am not going to use it. That is because
1109 I am not deploying a school network. There may be some mythical
1110 feature to help you deploy Skolelinux on a school network."
1111 </blockquote>
1112
1113 <p>To bad he did not test the server profile, and discovered the PXE
1114 installation option. It make it possible to install only the main
1115 server from CD, and the rest of the machines via the net, and might be
1116 considered the mythical feature he talk about. :)</p>
1117
1118 <p>While looking through the menus, there is also this funny comment
1119 about the part of the K menu generated from the Debian menu subsystem:
1120
1121 <blockquote>
1122 "[The K menu] have a special Debian section for software that no-one
1123 is going to look at, because it contain lots of junky stuff that you
1124 actually don't need in the education distribution, but have just been
1125 included because it isn't stripped out for some reason."
1126 </blockquote>
1127
1128 <p>I guess it is yet another argument for merging the Debian menu and
1129 Gnome/KDE desktop menu entries into
1130 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/Proposals/DebianMenuUsingDesktopEntries">one
1131 consistent menu system</a> instead of two incomplete and partly
1132 inconsistent menu systems.</p>
1133
1134 <p>The entire video is available below for those accepting iframe
1135 embedding:</p>
1136
1137 <iframe width="560" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/wPzTZ61Pcuc" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
1138
1139 </div>
1140 <div class="tags">
1141
1142
1143 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
1144
1145
1146 </div>
1147 </div>
1148 <div class="padding"></div>
1149
1150 <div class="entry">
1151 <div class="title">
1152 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_Squeeze_update_released.html">First Skolelinux / Debian Edu Squeeze update released</a>
1153 </div>
1154 <div class="date">
1155 8th March 2013
1156 </div>
1157 <div class="body">
1158 <p>Last Sunday, 2013-03-03,, Holger Levsen announced the first update
1159 of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
1160 based on Debian Squeeze. This is the first update since
1161 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">the
1162 initial release 2012-03-11</a>. This is the
1163 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2013/03/msg00000.html">release
1164 announcement email from Holger</a>:</p>
1165
1166 <blockquote><p>Hi,</p>
1167
1168 <p>it's my pleasure to announce the immediate availability of Debian
1169 Edu 6.0.7+r1 ("Debian Edu Squeeze").</p>
1170
1171 <p>Debian Edu 6.0.7+r1 is an incremental update to Debian Edu
1172 6.0.4+r0, containing all the changes between Debian 6.0.4 and 6.0.7 as
1173 well Debian Edu specific bugfixes and enhancements. See below (in this
1174 mail) for the full list of (edu) changes. Please see
1175 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311">http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311</a>
1176 for more information on "Debian Edu Squeeze".</p>
1177
1178 <p>Images are available for download at
1179 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/</a></p>
1180
1181 <p>md5sums:
1182 <br>1fe79eb4f0f9ae1c58fc318e26cc1e2e debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-CD.iso
1183 <br>a6ddd924a8bd9a1b5ca122e8fe1c34ec debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-DVD.iso
1184 <br>ac6c72cd7925ccec51bfbf58e2a7c69c debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-source-DVD.iso</p>
1185
1186 <p>sha1sums:
1187 <br>a4b58233b672a99c7df8dc24fb6de3327654a5c3 debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-CD.iso
1188 <br>9b524915e0ff2aa793f13d93123e5bd2bab2dbaa debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-DVD.iso
1189 <br>43997614893fc5e9e59ad6ce066b05d07fd836fa debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-source-DVD.iso</p>
1190
1191 <p>These images are suitable for amd64+i386.</p>
1192
1193 <p>Changes for Debian Edu 6.0.7+r1 Codename "Squeeze", released
1194 2013-03-03:</p>
1195
1196 <ul>
1197 <li>sitesummary was updated from 0.1.3 to 0.1.8
1198 <ul>
1199 <li>Make Nagios configuration more robust and efficient</li>
1200 <li>Comply with 3.X kernel</li>
1201 </ul></li>
1202 <li>debian-edu-doc from 1.4~20120310~6.0.4+r0 to 1.4~20130228~6.0.7+r1
1203 <ul>
1204 <li>Minor updates from the wiki</li>
1205 <li>Danish translation now complete</li>
1206 </ul></li>
1207 <li>debian-edu-config from 1.453 to 1.455
1208 <ul>
1209 <li>Fix /etc/hosts for LTSP diskless workstations. Closes: #699880</li>
1210 <li>Make ltsp_local_mount script work for multiple devices.</li>
1211 <li>Correct Kerberos user policy: don't expire password after 2 days.
1212 Closes: #664596</li>
1213 <li>Handle '#' characters in the root or first users password.
1214 Closes: #664976</li>
1215 <li>Fixes for gosa-sync:
1216 <ul>
1217 <li>Don't fail if password contains "</li>
1218 <li>Don't disclose new password string in syslog</li>
1219 </ul></li>
1220 <li>Fixes for gosa-create:
1221 <ul>
1222 <li>Invalidate libnss cache before applying changes</li>
1223 <li>Multiple failures during mass user import into GOsa²</li>
1224 <li>gosa-netgroups plugin: don't erase entries of attribute type
1225 "memberNisNetgroup". Closes: #687256</li>
1226 <li>First user now uses the same Kerberos policy as all other users</li>
1227 </ul></li>
1228 <li>Add Danish web page</li>
1229 </ul>
1230 <li>debian-edu-install from 1.528 to 1.530
1231 <ul>
1232 <li>Improve preseeding support and documentation</li>
1233 </ul></li>
1234 </ul>
1235
1236 <p>End-user documentation in English is available at
1237 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/</a>
1238 - translations to French, Italian, Danish and German are available in
1239 the debian-edu-doc package. (Other languages could use your help!)</p>
1240
1241 <p>If you want to contribute to Debian Edu, please join our
1242 mailinglist
1243 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@lists.debian.org</a>!
1244 </p></blockquote>
1245
1246 <p>I am very happy to see the fruits of a year of hard work. :)</p>
1247
1248 </div>
1249 <div class="tags">
1250
1251
1252 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1253
1254
1255 </div>
1256 </div>
1257 <div class="padding"></div>
1258
1259 <div class="entry">
1260 <div class="title">
1261 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Helge_Tore_H_yland.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Helge Tore Høyland</a>
1262 </div>
1263 <div class="date">
1264 22nd February 2013
1265 </div>
1266 <div class="body">
1267 <p>Etter en lang pause og travle uker har jeg endelig klart å få
1268 samlet et nytt intervju med en av folkene i
1269 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet.
1270 Denne gang er det Helge Tore Høyland, en mangeårig bidragsyter på
1271 epostlistene og ellers i prosjektet.</p>
1272
1273 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
1274
1275 <p>Eg er IT-konsulent/teknikker hjå eit firma i Steinkjer med navn
1276 <a href="http://unoit.no/">Uno IT</a>. Uno IT er eit lite firma som
1277 drifter nettverk og maskiner for små og mellomstore firma
1278 Steinkjer-området. Per dags dato er me 2 ansatte. Min faglege bakgrunn
1279 er Fagbrev som it-teknikker, samt nokre fag innen nettverk- og
1280 server-drift frå HiST og NTNU. Dagleg arbeid består i oppsett av nye
1281 maskiner og hjelp til sluttbrukere, samt oppsett og vedlikehold av eit
1282 vidt spekter av fagsystemer ute hjå kunder. Erfaring med Skolelinux
1283 har eg hatt i forbindelse med drifting av
1284 <a href="http://www.bjorkly.no/">Bjørkly skule</a>, ein privat
1285 grunnskule i Namsos-området. I dag har skulen 65 elever, 15 lærere, 1
1286 hovedserver og ca 60 klienter som kjører halvtjukt. Eg har bygd og
1287 driftet systemet sidan summaren 2006.</p>
1288
1289 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
1290
1291 <p>Eg kom i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet via ein artikkel i eit
1292 fagblad, som eg ikkje lenger hugsar namnet på. I og med at eg allereie
1293 hadde pusla med nettverk for ein annan skule, fatta eg straks
1294 interesse for prosjektet.</p>
1295
1296 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
1297
1298 <p>Fordelane med Skolelinux er sentralisert administrasjon og svært
1299 mange gode verktøy «ut av boksen». Veldig kjekt å kunne drifte 60
1300 klientar med berre å «bry» seg med ein server. Levetid for systemets
1301 hardware er og ein veldig fin effekt. I tillegg kjem fordelar som økt
1302 sikkerhet og mindre lisenskostnader. Etter min erfaring er det og
1303 mykje mindre driftskostnader med eit slikt system enn konkurrerande
1304 system, pga enkelhet med sentralisert administrasjon. På grunn av at
1305 Skolelinux er basert på Debian er det òg svært stabilt.</p>
1306
1307 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
1308
1309 <p>Ulemper er mangel på vilje til å følge standarer ute i markedet,
1310 som fører til mangel på støtte til nokre mykje brukte ting. Flash og
1311 Java er typiske eksempel. Sidan Debian satsar på stabilitet framfor å
1312 ha nyeste pakke av eit program, kan ein i nokre tilfeller kome borti
1313 at program vert «for gamle». Det er spesielt nettlesaren som er
1314 utsett. Mangel på vilje til å utvikle pedagogisk programvare, i Noreg,
1315 for «alle» platformer fører òg til noko hovudbry.</p>
1316
1317 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
1318
1319 <p>Til dagleg bruker eg svært mange forskjellige «fri programvare»
1320 program. Firefox, Thunderbird, Freecommander, ImgBurn, Clonezilla,
1321 OCS inventory, Icinga, Skolelinux, SystemRescueCD og mykje meir.</p>
1322
1323 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
1324 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
1325
1326 <p>Strategisk må ein fokusere på at sluttbruker eigentleg ikkje er så
1327 fokusert på at det er fri programvare men at det skal «berre fungere».
1328 Gjer det enkelt å bruker og ikkje minst å administrere. For Skolelinux
1329 sin del må ein få eit betre fokus på overganger. Utbytting av servere
1330 må gå meir automatisk, import og eksport av brukerbase og maskinbase
1331 med meir må kunne gå enkelt og oppgradering til neste versjon må bli
1332 mykje meir automatisk og gjennomtesta. Ein må unngå at ein må sette
1333 opp frå start når ein byter ut ein server eller oppgraderer til neste
1334 versjon. For å få Skolelinux til å bli eit betre alternativ for skular
1335 må ein ha fokus på nettlesaren. Denne må bli «up to date» og støtte
1336 dei protokollar og tillegg som vert brukt av forlag med meir. Etter
1337 kvart som meir og meir blir flytta ut i «skya» vert dette viktigare og
1338 viktigare. Ein kunne ynskje og jobbe for at forlag med fleire tar i
1339 bruk opne standarer, men inntil det skjer, må systemet kunne brukast
1340 mot desse fagsystema.</p>
1341
1342 <p>For meg har prosjektet med Skolelinux vore ein svært artig og
1343 lærerik prosess. Miljøet rundt er ikkje enormt stort, dog stort nok,
1344 men det er svært hjelpevillig og engasjert.</p>
1345
1346 </div>
1347 <div class="tags">
1348
1349
1350 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
1351
1352
1353 </div>
1354 </div>
1355 <div class="padding"></div>
1356
1357 <div class="entry">
1358 <div class="title">
1359 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_Christmas_present_for_Skolelinux___Debian_Edu.html">A Christmas present for Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
1360 </div>
1361 <div class="date">
1362 28th December 2012
1363 </div>
1364 <div class="body">
1365 <p>I was happy to discover a few days ago that the
1366 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
1367 project also this year received a Christmas present from Another
1368 Agency in Trondheim. NOK 1000,- showed up on our donation account
1369 December 24th. I want to express our thanks for this very welcome
1370 present. As the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project is very short on
1371 funding these days, and thus lack the money to do regular developer
1372 gatherings, this donation was most welcome. One developer gathering
1373 cost around NOK 15&nbsp;000,-, so we need quite a lot more to keep the
1374 development pace we want. Thus, I hope their example this year is
1375 followed by many others. :)</p>
1376
1377 <p>The public list of donors can be found on
1378 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/donations.html">the
1379 donation page</a> for the project, which also contain instructions if
1380 you want to donate to the project.</p>
1381
1382 </div>
1383 <div class="tags">
1384
1385
1386 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1387
1388
1389 </div>
1390 </div>
1391 <div class="padding"></div>
1392
1393 <div class="entry">
1394 <div class="title">
1395 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ledger___double_entry_accounting_using_text_based_storage_format.html">Ledger - double-entry accounting using text based storage format</a>
1396 </div>
1397 <div class="date">
1398 18th December 2012
1399 </div>
1400 <div class="body">
1401 <p>A few days ago I came across
1402 <a href="http://joeyh.name/blog/entry/hledger/">a blog post from Joey
1403 Hess</a> describing <a href="http://ledger-cli.org/">ledger</a> and
1404 hledger, a text based system for double-entry accounting. I found it
1405 interesting, as I am involved with several organizations where
1406 accounting is an issue, and I have not really become too friendly with
1407 the different web based systems we use. I find it hard to find what I
1408 look for in the menus and even harder try to get sensible data out of
1409 the systems. Ledger seem different. The accounting data is kept in
1410 text files that can be stored in a version control system, and there
1411
1412 are at least <a href="https://github.com/ledger/ledger/wiki/Ports">five
1413 different implementations</a> able to read the format. An example
1414 entry look like this, and is simple enough that it will be trivial to
1415 generate entries based on CVS files fetched from the bank:</p>
1416
1417 <blockquote><pre>
1418 2004-05-27 Book Store
1419 Expenses:Books $20.00
1420 Liabilities:Visa
1421 </pre></blockquote>
1422
1423 <p>The concept seemed interesting enough for me to check it out and
1424 look for others using it. I found blog posts from
1425 <a href="http://blog.spang.cc/posts/hledger_rocks_my_world/">Christine
1426 Spang</a>,
1427 <a href="http://bugsplat.info/2010-05-23-keeping-finances-with-ledger.html">Pete
1428 Keen</a>,
1429 <a href="http://blog.andrewcantino.com/blog/2010/11/06/command-line-accounting-with-ledger-and-reckon/">Andrew
1430 Cantino</a> and
1431 <a href="http://blog.iphoting.com/blog/2012/11/29/command-line-double-entry-accounting/">Ronald
1432 Ip</a> describing how they use it, as well as a post from
1433 <a href="https://groups.google.com/forum/?fromgroups=#!topic/ledger-cli/r0oWjwbQ9Bo">Bradley
1434 M. Kuhn</a> at the Software Freedom Conservancy. All seemed like good
1435 recommendations fitting my need.</p>
1436
1437 <p>The <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/l/ledger.html">ledger</a>
1438 package is available in Debian Squeeze, while the
1439 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/h/haskell-hledger.html">hledger</a>
1440 package only is available in Debian Sid. As I use Squeeze, ledger
1441 seemed the best choice to get started.</p>
1442
1443 <p>To get some real data to test on, I wrote a
1444 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/tools/lodo2ledger">web scraper</a> for
1445 <a href="http://www.lodo.no/">LODO</a>, the accounting system used by
1446 the <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">NUUG</a> association, and started to
1447 play with the data set. I'm not really deeply into accounting, but I
1448 am able to get a simple balance and accounting status for example
1449 using the "<tt>ledger balance</tt>" command. But I will have to
1450 gather more experience before I know if the ledger way is a good fit
1451 for the organisations I am involved in.</p>
1452
1453 </div>
1454 <div class="tags">
1455
1456
1457 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
1458
1459
1460 </div>
1461 </div>
1462 <div class="padding"></div>
1463
1464 <div class="entry">
1465 <div class="title">
1466 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Angela_Fu_.html">Debian Edu interview: Angela Fuß</a>
1467 </div>
1468 <div class="date">
1469 14th November 2012
1470 </div>
1471 <div class="body">
1472 <p>Here is another interview with one of the people in the <a
1473 href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
1474 community. I am running short on people willing to be interviewed, so
1475 if you know about someone I should interview, Please send me an email.
1476 After asking for many months, I finally managed to lure another one of
1477 the people behind the German
1478 "<a href="http://wiki.it-zukunft-schule.de/">IT-Zukunft Schule</a>"
1479 project out from maternity leave to conduct an interview. Give a warm
1480 welcome to Angela Fuß. :)</p>
1481
1482 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
1483
1484 <p>I am a 39-year-old woman living in the very north of Germany near
1485 Denmark. I live in a patchwork family with "my man" Mike Gabriel, my
1486 two daughters, Mikes daughter and Mikes and my rather newborn son.
1487
1488 <p>At the moment - because of our little baby - I am spending most of
1489 the day by being a caring and organising mom for all the kids.
1490 Besides that I am really involved into and occupied with several inner
1491 growth processes: New born souls always bring the whole familiar
1492 system into movement and that needs time and focus ;-). We are also
1493 in the middle of buying a house and moving to it.</p>
1494
1495 <p>In 2013 I will work again in my job in a German foundation for
1496 nature conservation. I am doing public relation work there. Besides
1497 that - and that is the connection to Skolelinux / Debian Edu - I am
1498 working in our own school project "IT-Zukunft Schule" in North
1499 Germany. I am responsible for the quality assurance, the customer
1500 relationship management and the communication processes in the
1501 project.</p>
1502
1503 <p>Since 2001 I constantly have been training myself in communication
1504 and leadership. Besides that I am a forester, a landscaping gardener
1505 and a yoga teacher.</p>
1506
1507 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
1508 project?</strong></p>
1509
1510 <p>I fell in love with Mike ;-).</p>
1511
1512 <p>Very soon after getting to know him I was completely enrolled into
1513 Free Software. At this time Mike did IT-services for one newly
1514 founded school in Kiel. Other schools in Kiel needed concepts for
1515 their IT environment. Often when Mike came home from working at the
1516 newly founded school I found myself listening to his complaints about
1517 several points where the communication with the schools head or the
1518 teachers did not work. So we were clear that he would not work for
1519 one more school if we did not set up a structure for communication
1520 between him, the schools head, the teachers, the students and the
1521 parents.</p>
1522
1523 <p>Together with our friend and hardware supplier Andreas Buchholz we
1524 started to get an overview of free software solutions suitable for
1525 schools. One day before Christmas 2010 Mike and I had a date with Kurt
1526 Gramlich in Gütersloh. As Kurt and I are really interested in building
1527 networks of people and in being in communication we dived into
1528 Skolelinux and brought it to the first grammar schools in Northern
1529 Germany.</p>
1530
1531 <p>For information about our school project you can read
1532 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Mike_Gabriel.html">the
1533 interview with Mike Gabriel</a>.</p>
1534
1535 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1536 Edu?</strong></p>
1537
1538 <p>First I have to say: I cannot answer this question technically. My
1539 answer comes rather from a social point of view.</p>
1540
1541 <p>The biggest advantage of Skolelinux / Debian Edu I see is the large
1542 and strong international community of Debian Developers in the
1543 background which is very alive and connected over mailinglists, blogs
1544 and meetings. My constant feeling for the Debian Community is: If
1545 something does not work they will somehow fix it. All is well
1546 ;-). This is of course a user experience. What I also get as a big
1547 advantage of Skolelinux / Debian Edu is that everybody who uses it and
1548 works with it can also contribute to it - that includes students,
1549 teachers, parents...</p>
1550
1551 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1552 Edu?</strong></p>
1553
1554 <p>I will answer this question relating to the internal structure of
1555 Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
1556
1557 <p>What I see as a major disadvantage is that there is a gap between
1558 the group of developers for Debian Edu and the people who make the
1559 marketing, that means the people that bring Skolelinux to the
1560 schools. There is a lack of communication between these two groups and
1561 I think that does not really work for Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
1562
1563 <p>Further I appreciate that Skolelinux / Debian Edu is known as a
1564 do-ocracy. Nevertheless I keep asking myself if at some points a
1565 democracy or some kind of hierarchical project structure would be good
1566 and helpful. I am also missing some kind of contact between the
1567 Skolelinux / Debian Edu communities in Europe or on an international
1568 level. I think it would be good if there was more sharing between the
1569 different countries using Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
1570
1571 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
1572
1573 <p>On my laptop I am still using an Ubuntu 10.04 with a Gnome Desktop
1574 on. As applications I use Openoffice.org, Gedit, Firefox, Pidgin,
1575 LaTeX and GnuCash. For mails I am using Horde. And I am really fond of
1576 my N900 running with Maemo.</p>
1577
1578 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
1579 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
1580
1581 <p>I am really convinced that in our school project "IT-Zukunft
1582 Schule" we have developed (and keep developing) a great way to get
1583 schools to use Free Software. We have written a detailed concept for
1584 that so I cannot explain the whole thing here. But in a nutshell the
1585 strategy has three crucial pillars:</p>
1586
1587 <ul>
1588
1589 <li>We really take time to get what sort of stories, questions and
1590 concerns the schools head and the teachers have about using different
1591 kinds of IT and we take time to enrol them into Free Software.</li>
1592
1593 <li>Our solution for schools is never just technical. In the centre
1594 are always the people who are going to use the software. From the very
1595 beginning of the planning for a school, we tell the schools head that
1596 they are paying us not only for a technical solution for their school,
1597 they also pay us for leading all the communication processes
1598 needed. If they do not want that, we are not working with them because
1599 we cannot give a guarantee for the quality of our work then.</li>
1600
1601 <li>Another focus lies in the training of teachers and students in
1602 co-administrating the IT-System at their school. They start getting in
1603 contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu community and they get the
1604 offer to become more and more independent from us.</li>
1605
1606 </ul>
1607
1608 </div>
1609 <div class="tags">
1610
1611
1612 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
1613
1614
1615 </div>
1616 </div>
1617 <div class="padding"></div>
1618
1619 <div class="entry">
1620 <div class="title">
1621 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_noe_for_Ballangen___Leserinnlegg_til_avisen_Fremover_.html">Skolelinux noe for Ballangen? (Leserinnlegg til avisen Fremover)</a>
1622 </div>
1623 <div class="date">
1624 14th October 2012
1625 </div>
1626 <div class="body">
1627 <p>Tirsdag 2012-10-09 sendte jeg følgende leserinnlegg til avisen
1628 <a href="http://www.fremover.no/">Fremover</a>, etter å ha vært nordpå
1629 noen dager og lest noen gamle aviser. Publiserer den her i sin helhet
1630 for fremtidig referanse. Fremover publiserer dessverre ikke
1631 leserinnlegg på nett.</p>
1632
1633 <blockquote>
1634 <p>To: redaksjon (at) fremover.no
1635 <br>Subject: Leserinnlegg til Fremover: Skolelinux noe for Ballangen?</p>
1636
1637 <p>Ærede redaktør</p>
1638
1639 <p>I sommer (2012-07-23) hadde Fremover et oppslag om at Narvik
1640 kommune hadde spart mellom 10 og 20 millioner kroner de siste årene på
1641 å bruke Skolelinux på sine skoler. Harstad har også tatt i bruk
1642 Skolelinux på alle sine skoler. Som tidligere Ballangsværing gledet
1643 det meg stort å se at skoleløsningen vi har utviklet siden 2001 tas i
1644 bruk i området der jeg vokste opp, og dermed bidrar til en bedre og
1645 billigere skolehverdag.</p>
1646
1647 <p>Skolelinux er en komplett IT-løsning for elevnettverket på en
1648 skole, med både nettverkstjenester og løsning for elevmaskiner med
1649 pedagogisk programvare, som tillater en å øke levetiden på en
1650 datamaskin i skolen med mange år. En undersøkelse publisert i mars
1651 2012 viste at de 56 norske skolene som har offentliggjort at de bruker
1652 Skolelinux eller annen Linuxutgave hadde 36% større PC-tetthet enn
1653 landsgjennomsnittet, når en ser på tall rapportert til Grunnskolens
1654 Informasjonssystem. I følge Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken, IKT-konsulent i
1655 Nord-Odal, fungerer datamaskiner godt til de er 8 til 10 år gamle.</p>
1656
1657 <p>I høst (2012-09-29) fortalte Fremover hvordan Ballangen kommune har
1658 opparbeidet seg 20 millioner i underskudd og nok havner på Robek-lista
1659 fra nyttår. Kanskje Ballangen også burde ta i bruk Skolelinux for å
1660 spare penger? Hvis kommunen mangler kompetanse lokalt på Linux finnes
1661 det kommersielle selskaper som tilbyr driftstjenester rundt
1662 Skolelinux, og jeg bør vel avsløre at jeg selv er involvert i et av
1663 dem, Skolelinux Drift AS. Kommunen kan dermed få hjelp hvis de ikke
1664 ønsker å bygge opp egen kompetanse.</p>
1665
1666 <p>Vennlig hilsen
1667 <br>Petter Reinholdtsen
1668 <br>Fri programvareutvikler</p>
1669
1670 <p>Referanser:</p>
1671
1672 <ul>
1673
1674 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html</a></li>
1675 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html</a></li>
1676
1677 </ul>
1678
1679 </blockquote>
1680
1681 <p>Innlegget ble så vidt jeg vet trykket i papirutgaven et par dager
1682 senere, men jeg har ikke sett det selv.</p>
1683
1684 </div>
1685 <div class="tags">
1686
1687
1688 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
1689
1690
1691 </div>
1692 </div>
1693 <div class="padding"></div>
1694
1695 <div class="entry">
1696 <div class="title">
1697 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Trengs_flere_frivillige_til_korrektur_av_den_frie_norske_stavekontrollen.html">Trengs flere frivillige til korrektur av den frie norske stavekontrollen</a>
1698 </div>
1699 <div class="date">
1700 13th October 2012
1701 </div>
1702 <div class="body">
1703 <p><a href="http://no.speling.org/">Den frie norske stavekontrollen</a>
1704 består av ca. 1,3 millioner bokmåls- og nynorskord. Det er mange
1705 kilder til ordene, f.eks. den norske ordbanken, norske nett-aviser,
1706 stavekontrollbrukere og korrekturlesere, og endel feil har sneket seg
1707 inn i databasen over ord. For å finne og fikse feilene trengs det
1708 korrekturlesing. Her kommer frivillige inn.</p>
1709
1710 <p>Hvis du vil bidra med korrektur av orddatabasen, kan du melde deg
1711 frivillig som bokmåls- eller nynorskkorrekturleser og få tilsendt en
1712 liten bunke ord på epost hver dag, lese over og sende inn på epost
1713 tilbake til korrekturlesing-systemet. Jo flere som sjekker, jo
1714 raskere kommer vi igjennom hele databasen. Så langt har vi oppdaget
1715 341 bokmålsord og 50 nynorskord som ikke skal vært med i databasen.
1716 Det er nok noen flere. I tillegg har korrekturleserne oppdaget flere
1717 ord som manglet, og fått lagt dem inn i stavekontrollen.</p>
1718
1719 <p>Hvis du vil bidra, følg instruksene på
1720 <a href="http://no.speling.org/dokumentasjon.html">prosjektsidene</a>
1721
1722 for nye bidragsytere, og ta kontakt med Håvard eller epostlisten
1723 <a href="https://lister.ping.uio.no/mailman/listinfo/i18n-no">i18n-no</a>.
1724 Gode norskkunnskaper er en fordel, og vilje til å sjekke
1725 <a href="http://www.nob-ordbok.uio.no/perl/ordbok.cgi">ordboka</a> et
1726 krav!</p>
1727
1728 </div>
1729 <div class="tags">
1730
1731
1732 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
1733
1734
1735 </div>
1736 </div>
1737 <div class="padding"></div>
1738
1739 <div class="entry">
1740 <div class="title">
1741 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ny_utgave__v2_1__av_den_frie_norske_stavekontrollen_gitt_ut.html">Ny utgave (v2.1) av den frie norske stavekontrollen gitt ut</a>
1742 </div>
1743 <div class="date">
1744 2nd October 2012
1745 </div>
1746 <div class="body">
1747 <p>I helga fikk jeg endelig pakket sammen en ny versjon av den norske
1748 stavekontrollen, og gikk ut versjon 2.1 etter at det var gått fire og
1749 et halvt år siden sist. I dag fikk vi sendt ut annonseringen. Her er
1750 det vi sendte ut:</p>
1751
1752 <p>Oslo, 2012-10-02</p>
1753
1754 <p><strong>Pressemelding: Ny utgave av norsk stavekontroll med
1755 synonymordliste</strong></p>
1756
1757 <p>Mer enn fire år etter at forrige utgave av den frie norske
1758 stavekontrollen ble utgitt, er en ny og forbedret versjon klar. Dette er
1759 noe utviklerne er veldig glade for.</p>
1760
1761 <p>Den største endringen er at byggesystemet for stavekontrollen er
1762 skrevet om til å akseptere ord med bindestrek (f.eks. «e-post»). Litt
1763 over 10.000 slike ordformer er lagt til i orddatabasen. I tillegg er
1764 det kommet en del nye ord og rettelser rapportert inn av de frivillige
1765 som gjennomfører korrektur av orddatabasen i prosjektet. For å få
1766 fortgang i dette korrekturarbeidet er det fint med flere frivillige
1767 som kan bidra i prosjektet.</p>
1768
1769 <p><blockquote>
1770 - En god og fritt tilgjengelig stavekontroll er en viktig byggestein
1771 for å fremme bruken av korrekt norsk språk, sier prosjektdeltager
1772 Petter Reinholdtsen.
1773 </blockquote></p>
1774
1775 <p>Takket være samarbeidet med synonymordlisteprosjektet er
1776 synonymordlista for bokmål tilgjengelig sammen med ordlista for bokmål
1777 og nynorsk. En synonymordliste for nynorsk er også med, men den er på
1778 prøvestadiet og meget liten.</p>
1779
1780 <p>Stavekontrollpakken og synonymordlistene brukes i
1781 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org, Koffice, Mozilla Thunderbird, Firefox og
1782 en rekke andre programmer, og på både Windows, Mac OS X, Linux og
1783 BSD.</p>
1784
1785 <p>Det hele utgis under den frie lisensen GPL og kan fritt lastes ned
1786 fra prosjektsidene på
1787 <a href="http://no.speling.org">no.speling.org</a>. Ferdige pakker for
1788 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org er også tilgjengelige fra samme sted.</p>
1789
1790 <p>Det norske stavekontrollprosjektet er i kontakt med lignende
1791 prosjekter for blant annet å forbedre stavekontrollteknologien, å
1792 utveksle verktøy for vedlikehold av orddatabasen og å få tilgang til
1793 relevante datasett. Et av disse prosjektene er et separat prosjekt ved
1794 Sametinget som er i gang med å utvikle samisk stavekontroll for blant
1795 annet Microsoft Word og OpenOffice.org.</p>
1796
1797 <p>Et søsterprosjekt for å lage grammatikk-kontroll for
1798 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org er igangsatt, men har ennå ikke kommet
1799 langt nok til å brukes. Frivillige til å bidra i dette prosjektet er
1800 også svært velkomne.</p>
1801
1802 <p><strong>Kontaktperson</strong></p>
1803
1804 <p><blockquote>
1805 Axel Bojer, prosjektdeltager
1806 <br>E-post: fri_programvare (at) bojer.no
1807 <br>Tlf: +47 954 32 417
1808 </blockquote></p>
1809
1810 <p><strong>Referanser</strong></p>
1811
1812 <ul>
1813
1814 <li>Det frie norske stavekontrollprosjektet for bokmål og nynorsk:
1815 <a href="http://no.speling.org">http://no.speling.org</a></li>
1816 <li>Samiske korrekturverktøy:
1817 <a href="http://divvun.no/">http://divvun.no/</a></li>
1818 <li>Ordlistene fra Norsk ordbank:
1819 <a href="http://www.edd.uio.no/prosjekt/ordbanken/">http://www.edd.uio.no/prosjekt/ordbanken/</a></li>
1820 <li>Last ned ordlistene:
1821 <a href="http://alioth.debian.org/frs/?group_id=30577">http://alioth.debian.org/frs/?group_id=30577</a>
1822 (PS: no_NO-pack2 for OOo 2.x))</li>
1823 </ul>
1824
1825 <p><strong>Fra NEWS-fila i kildekodepakken</strong></p>
1826
1827 <p>Release 2.1 (2012-09-30)</p>
1828
1829 <ul>
1830
1831 <li>Switch to new version scheme. Make new version 2.1, not 2.0.11. We do not
1832 release often enough to justify three digits.</li>
1833 <li>Switch build rules to build OOo v2 thesaurus files, as the v1 build rules
1834 no longer work. This require the libmythes-dev package on Debian.</li>
1835 <li>Introduce new Makefile variables hyphendir and thesdir to make it easier to
1836 control where to install these.</li>
1837 <li>Change script used to import from no.speling.org, to load new word
1838 boundaries if at least two people believed the boundaries was correct.</li>
1839 <li>Added word boundaries for several words (around 500 words) using the
1840 updated script.</li>
1841 <li>Imported thesarus for bokmål from synonymer.merg.net.</li>
1842 <li>Rewrote build rules to use = instead of - as combined word marker, thus
1843 allowing words like e-post.</li>
1844 <li>Imported a lot (around 10k words) of new words with dash (-) in them from
1845 no.speling.org now that it is handled by the build system.</li>
1846 </ul>
1847
1848 </div>
1849 <div class="tags">
1850
1851
1852 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
1853
1854
1855 </div>
1856 </div>
1857 <div class="padding"></div>
1858
1859 <div class="entry">
1860 <div class="title">
1861 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Giorgio_Pioda.html">Debian Edu interview: Giorgio Pioda</a>
1862 </div>
1863 <div class="date">
1864 17th September 2012
1865 </div>
1866 <div class="body">
1867 <p>After a long break in my row of interviews with people in the
1868 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
1869 community, I finally found time to wrap up another. This time it is
1870 Giorgio Pioda, which showed up on the mailing list at the start of
1871 this year, asking questions and inspiring us to improve the first time
1872 administrators experience with Skolelinux. :) The interview was
1873 conduced in May, but I only found time to publish it now.</p>
1874
1875 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
1876
1877 <p>I have a PhD in chemistry but since several years I work as teacher
1878 in secondary (15-18 year old students) and tertiary (a kind of "light"
1879 university) schools. Five years ago I started to manage a Learning
1880 Management Service server and slowly I got more and more involved with
1881 IT. 3 years ago the graduating schools moved completely to Linux and I
1882 got the head of the IT for this. The experience collected in chemistry
1883 labs computers (for example NMR analysis of protein folding) and in
1884 the IT-courses during university where sufficient to start. Self
1885 training is anyway very important</p>
1886
1887 <p>I live in the Italian speaking part of Switzerland, and the
1888 <a href="http://www.spse.ch/">SPSE school</a> (secondary) is a very
1889 special sport school for young people who try to became sport pro (for
1890 all sports, we have dozens of disciplines represented) and we are
1891 recognised by the Olympic Swiss Organisation.
1892
1893 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
1894 project?</strong></p>
1895
1896 <p>Looking for Linux / Primary Domain Controller (PDC) I found it
1897 already several years ago. But since the system was still not
1898 Kerberized and since our schools relies strongly on laptops I didn't
1899 use it. I plan to introduce it in the next future, probably for the
1900 next school year, since the squeeze release solved this security
1901 hole.</p>
1902
1903 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
1904 Edu?</strong></p>
1905
1906 <p>Many. First of all there is a strong and living community that is
1907 very generous for help and hints. Chat help is crucial, together with
1908 the mailing list. Second. With Skolelinux you get an already well
1909 engineered platform and you don't have to start to build up your PDC
1910 and your clients from GNU/scratch; I've already done this once and I
1911 can tell it, it is hard. Third, since Skolelinux is a standard
1912 platform, it is way easier to educate other IT people and even if the
1913 head IT is sick another one could pick up the task without too much
1914 hassle.</p>
1915
1916 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
1917 Edu?</strong></p>
1918
1919 <p>The only real problem I see is that it is a little too less
1920 flexible at client level. Debian stable is rocky and desirable, but
1921 there are many reasons that force for another choice. For example the
1922 need of new drivers for new PC, or the need for a specific OS for some
1923 devices that have specific software packages for another specific
1924 distribution (I have such a case for whiteboards that have only
1925 Ubuntu packages). Thus, I prepared compatibility packages educlient
1926 and eduroaming, hoping not to use them ;-)</p>
1927
1928 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
1929
1930 <p>I have a Debian Stable PDC at school (Kerberos, NIS, NFS) with
1931 mixed Debian and Ubuntu clients. If you think that this triad
1932 combination is exotic... well I discovered right yesterday that
1933 <a href="http://moo.nac.uci.edu/~hjm/Perceus-Report.html">Perceus</a>
1934 has the same...</p>
1935
1936 <p>For myself I run Debian wheezy/sid, but this combination is good
1937 only I you have enough competence to fix stuff for yourself, if
1938 something breaks. Daily I use texmacs, gnumeric, a little bit of R
1939 statistics, kmplot, and less frequently OpenOffice.org.</p>
1940
1941 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
1942 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
1943
1944 <P>I think that the only real argument that school managers "hear" is
1945 cost reduction. They don't give too much weight on quality, stability,
1946 just because they are normally not open to change.</p>
1947
1948 <p>Students adapts very quickly to GNU/Linux (and for them being able
1949 to switch between different OS is a plus value); teachers and managers
1950 don't.</p>
1951
1952 <p>We decided to move to Linux because students at our school have own
1953 laptop and we have the responsibility to keep the laptop ready to use;
1954 we were really unsatisfied with Microsoft since every Monday we had 20
1955 machine to fix for viral infections... With Linux this has been
1956 reduced to zero, since people installs almost only from official
1957 repositories. I think that our special needs brought us to Linux.
1958 Those who don't have such needs will hardly move to Linux.</p>
1959
1960 </div>
1961 <div class="tags">
1962
1963
1964 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
1965
1966
1967 </div>
1968 </div>
1969 <div class="padding"></div>
1970
1971 <div class="entry">
1972 <div class="title">
1973 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">Gladoppslag om Skolelinux i avisen Fremover</a>
1974 </div>
1975 <div class="date">
1976 15th August 2012
1977 </div>
1978 <div class="body">
1979 <p>I sommer hadde avisen <a href="http://www.fremover.no/">Fremover</a>
1980 et flott oppslag om bruken av
1981 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> på alle skolene
1982 der. Artikkelen var på trykk på side 4 og 5 i papirutgaven
1983 2012-07-23, men mangler dessverre i nettutgaven av avisen. Mine
1984 henvendelser til avisen for å få artikkelen på nett har så langt ikke
1985 vært vellykket.</p>
1986
1987 <p>Artikkelen med tittelen "Narvik kommune bruker gratisprogram i
1988 skolen - Har spart millioner", forteller om hvordan bruken av
1989 Skolelinux er en stor suksess i Narvik siden det ble tatt i bruk i
1990 2004. Her er noen fine sitater:</p>
1991
1992 <blockquote>
1993 "- Skolelinux har spart kommunen for store pengesummer, millionbeløp,
1994 som de heller kan bruke på andre ting, sier IKT-konsulent Viggo
1995 Fedreheim."
1996 </blockquote>
1997
1998 <p>Avisen forteller at de har fått tilgang til beregninger som viser
1999 at Narvik kommune har spart noe mellom 10 og 20 millioner kroner de
2000 siste 8 årene på å bruke Skolelinux, og fortsetter:</p>
2001
2002 <blockquote>
2003
2004 "Regnestykket tar høyde for sparte kostnader til lisenser som medfølger
2005 de alternative operativsystemene, lavere driftskostnader og lengre
2006 levetid på datautstyret. Totalt har Narvikskolen en maskinpark på
2007 1600 maskiner fordelt på de 11 skolene fra Skjomen i sør til Bjerkvik
2008 i nord."
2009
2010 </blockquote>
2011
2012 <p>Viggo Fedreheim sier dette om hvor noe av gevinsten kommer fra:</p>
2013
2014 <blockquote>
2015 "- Vi kan gjenbruke gamle maskiner i skolen som er for dårlig andre
2016 steder i kommunen der de ikke bruker Skolelinux. Levetiden på en
2017 datamaskin blir 3-5 år lenger med Skolelinux. Vi kaller det for
2018 grønn IT, miljøvennlig IT."
2019 </blockquote>
2020
2021 <p>Her er det mulighet for flere kommuner å få et godt IT-system på
2022 skolene, hvis de er villige til å forsøke. De som ikke har kompetanse
2023 innomhus kan kjøpe det fra en av de kommersielle leverandørene av
2024 Skolelinux-tjenester, som <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux
2025 Drift AS</a> (der jeg er styremedlem). Komplett liste er tilgjengelig
2026 via
2027 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Help/ProfessionalHelp">wikien</a>.</p>
2028
2029 <p>Update 2012-08-16: Today I was allowed by Fremover to put the PDF I
2030 received from them with a copy of the article on the Internet. It is
2031 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/2012-07-23-fremover-narvik.pdf">now
2032 available</a> in the Skolelinux press archive.</p>
2033
2034 </div>
2035 <div class="tags">
2036
2037
2038 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
2039
2040
2041 </div>
2042 </div>
2043 <div class="padding"></div>
2044
2045 <div class="entry">
2046 <div class="title">
2047 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Tips_for___bli_med_i_Skolelinux_prosjektet__som_faktisk_er_aktivt_.html">Tips for å bli med i Skolelinux-prosjektet (som faktisk er aktivt)</a>
2048 </div>
2049 <div class="date">
2050 19th July 2012
2051 </div>
2052 <div class="body">
2053 <p>Jeg fikk nettopp spørsmål på epost om Skolelinux-prosjektet lever
2054 fra en som var interessert i å bidra, og måtte jo konstatere at i og
2055 med at spørsmålet ble stilt har prosjektet ikke lyktes med å formidle
2056 sin aktivitet. Her er det jeg svarte:</p>
2057
2058 <p><blockquote>
2059 <p>Jada, <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektet</a>
2060 lever, men det meste av utvikling foregår nå under paraplyen
2061 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/">Debian Edu</a> som er det
2062 internasjonale navnet på prosjektet. Dugnaden i Norge organiseres av
2063 medlemsforeningen
2064 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
2065 Skolen</a>, og det finnes minst ett selskap som selger kommersiell
2066 support på løsningen (<a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux
2067 Drift AS</a>, der jeg er styremedlem). Anbefaler at du melder deg på
2068 epostlisten
2069 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@lists.debian.org</a>
2070 (og debian-edu-announce) og
2071 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">melder deg inn i
2072 foreningen</a> for å få beskjed om aktivitet som planlegges. Det
2073 planlegges
2074 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering">utviklersamlinger
2075 i august</a> og utover høsten.</p>
2076
2077 <p>Bidra gjerne med å spre ordet om Skolelinux. Det er alt for få som
2078 bidrar til pressedekning, bloggposter, twittermeldinger, etc. :)</p>
2079
2080 <p>Jeg antar du har funnet
2081 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju/">bloggserien
2082 min med intervjuer</a>. Det er antagelig også interessant for deg å
2083 følge med på <a href="http://planet.skolelinux.org/">Planet
2084 Skolelinux</a>.</p>
2085
2086 <p>Hm, jeg burde vel blogge alle disse lenkene slik at de blir enklere
2087 å finne...</p>
2088 </blockquote></p>
2089 <p>Herved gjort. :)</p>
2090
2091 </div>
2092 <div class="tags">
2093
2094
2095 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
2096
2097
2098 </div>
2099 </div>
2100 <div class="padding"></div>
2101
2102 <div class="entry">
2103 <div class="title">
2104 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__George_Bredberg.html">Debian Edu interview: George Bredberg</a>
2105 </div>
2106 <div class="date">
2107 9th July 2012
2108 </div>
2109 <div class="body">
2110 <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
2111 Skolelinux</a> project have users all over the globe, but until
2112 recently we have not known about any users in Norway's neighbour
2113 country Sweden. This changed when George Bredberg showed up in March
2114 this year on the mailing list, asking interesting questions about how
2115 to adjust and scale the just released
2116 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
2117 Wheezy</a> setup to his liking. He granted me an interview, and I am
2118 happy to share his answers with you here.</p>
2119
2120 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
2121
2122 <p>I'm a 44 year old country guy that have been working 12 years at
2123 the same school as 50% IT-manager and 50% Teacher. My educational
2124 background is fil.kand in history and religious beliefs, an exam as a
2125 "folkhighschool" teacher, that is, for teaching grownups. In
2126 Norwegian I believe it's called "Vuxenupplaring". I also have a master
2127 in "Technology and social change". So I'm not really a tech guy, I
2128 just like to study how humans and technology interact and that is my
2129 perspective when working with IT.</p>
2130
2131 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
2132 project?</strong></p>
2133
2134 I have followed the Skolelinux project for quite some time by
2135 now. Earlier I tested out the K12-LTSP project, which we used for some
2136 time, but I really like the idea of having a distribution aimed to be
2137 a complete solution for schools with necessary tools integrated. When
2138 K12-LTSP abandoned that idea some years ago, I started to look more
2139 seriously into Skolelinux instead.
2140
2141 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
2142 Edu?</strong></p>
2143
2144 The big point of Skolelinux to me is that it is a complete
2145 distribution, ready to install. It has LDAP-support, MS Windows
2146 integration tools and so forth already configured, saving an
2147 administrator a lot of time and headache. We were using another Linux
2148 based thin-client system called Thinlinc, that has served us very
2149 well. But that Skolelinux is based on VNC and LTSP, to me, is better
2150 when it comes to the kind of multimedia used in schools. That is
2151 showing videos from Youtube or educational TV. It is also easier to
2152 mix thin clients with workstations, since the user settings will be the
2153 same. In our VNC-based solution you had to "beat around the bush" by
2154 setting up a second, hidden, home-directory for user settings for the
2155 workstations, because they will be different from the ones used on the
2156 thin clients. Skolelinux support for diskless workstations are very
2157 convenient since a school today often need to use a class room
2158 projector showing videos in full screen. That is easily done with a
2159 small integrated media computer running as a diskless workstation. You
2160 have only two installs to update and configure. One for the thin
2161 clients and one for the workstations. Also saving a lot of time. Our
2162 old system was also based on Redhat and CentOS. They are both very
2163 nice distributions, but they are sometimes painfully slow when it
2164 comes to updating multimedia support and multimedia programs (even
2165 such as Gimp), leaving us with a bit "oldish" applications. Debian is
2166 quicker to update.
2167
2168 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
2169 Edu?</strong></p>
2170
2171 <p>Debian is a bit too quick when it comes to updating. As an example
2172 we use old HP terminals as thinclients, and two times already this
2173 year (2012) the updates you get from the repositories has stopped
2174 sound from working with them. It's a kernel/ALSA issue. So you have
2175 to be more careful properly testing the updates before you run them in
2176 a production environment. This has never happened with CentOS.</p>
2177
2178 <p>I also would like to be able to set my own domain-settings at
2179 install time. In Skolelinux they are kind of hard coded into the
2180 distribution, when it comes to LDAP and at least samba integration.
2181 That is more a cosmetic/translation issue, and not a real problem.
2182 Running MS Windows applications within the Skolelinux environment needs
2183 to be better supported. That is, running them seamlessly via RDP, and
2184 support for single-sign on. That will make the transition to free
2185 software easier, because you can keep the applications you really
2186 need. No support will make it impossible if you work in a school where
2187 some applications can't be open source. As for us we really need to
2188 run Adobe InDesign in our journalist classes. We run a journalist
2189 education, and is one of the very few non university ones that is ok:d
2190 by Svenska journalistförbundet (Swedish journalist association). Our
2191 education gives the pupils the right of membership there, once they
2192 are done. This is important if you want to get a job.</p>
2193
2194 <p>Adobe InDesign is the program most commonly used in newspapers and
2195 magazines. We used Quark Express before, but they seem to loose there
2196 market to Adobe. The only "equivalent" to InDesign in the opensource
2197 world is Scribus, and its not advanced enough. At least not according
2198 to the teacher. I think it would be possible to use it, because they
2199 are not supposed to learn a program, they are supposed to learn how to
2200 edit and compile a newspaper. But politically at our school we are not
2201 there yet. And Scribus lacks a lot of things you find i InDesign.</p>
2202
2203 <p>We used even a windows program for sound editing when it comes to
2204 the radio-journalist part. The year to come we are going to try
2205 Audacity. That software has the same kind of limitations compared to
2206 Adobe Audition, but that teacher is a bit more open minded. We have
2207 tried Ardour also, but that instead is more like a music studio
2208 program, not intended for the kind of editing taking place in a radio
2209 studio. Its way to complex and the GUI is to scattered when you only
2210 want to cut, make pass-overs, add extra channels and normalise. Those
2211 things you can do in Audacity, but its not as easy as in Audition. You
2212 have to do more things manually with envelopes, and that is a bit old
2213 fashion and timewasting. Its also harder to cut and move sound from
2214 one channel to another, which is a thing that you do frequently
2215 because you often find yourself needing to rearrange parts of the
2216 sound file.</p>
2217
2218 <p>So, I am not sure we will succeed in replacing even Audition, but we
2219 will try. The problem is the students have certain expectations when
2220 they start an education towards a profession. So the programs has to
2221 look and feel professional. Good thing with radio, there are many
2222 programs out there, that radio studios use, so its not as standardised
2223 as Newspaper editing. That means, it does not really matter what
2224 program they learn, because once they start working they still have to
2225 learn the program the studio uses, so instead focus has to be to learn
2226 the editing part without to much focus on a specific software.</p>
2227
2228 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
2229
2230 <p>Myself I'm running Linux Mint, or Ubuntu these days. I use almost
2231 only open source software, and preferably Linux based. When it comes
2232 to most used applications its OpenOffice, and Firefox (of course ;)
2233 )</p>
2234
2235 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
2236 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
2237
2238 <p>To get schools to use free software there has to be good open
2239 source software that are windows based, to ease the transition. But
2240 it's also very important that the multimedia support is working
2241 flawlessly. The problems with Youtube, Twitter, Facebook and whatever
2242 will create problems when it comes to both teachers and
2243 students. Economy are also important for schools, so using thin
2244 clients, as long as they have good multimedia support, is a very good
2245 idea. It's also important that the open source software works even for
2246 the administration. It's hard to convince the teachers to stick with
2247 open source, if the principal has to run Windows. It also creates a
2248 problem if some classes has to use Windows for there tasks, since that
2249 will create a difference in "status" between classes, so a good
2250 support for running windows applications via the thin client (Linux)
2251 desktop is essential. At least at our school, where we have mixed
2252 level of educations, from high-school to journalist-school.</p>
2253
2254 <p>Update 2012-07-09 08:30: Paul Wise tipped me on IRC about three
2255 useful sources related to Free Software for radio stations: the LWN
2256 article <a href="https://lwn.net/Articles/481607/">Radio station
2257 management with Airtime</a>,
2258 <a href="http://www.sourcefabric.org/en/airtime/">Airtime</a> which
2259 claim to be a Free open source radio automation software and
2260 <a href="http://www.rivendellaudio.org/">Rivendell</a> which claim to
2261 be complete radio broadcast automation solution. All of them seem
2262 useful to the aspiring radio producer.</p>
2263
2264 </div>
2265 <div class="tags">
2266
2267
2268 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
2269
2270
2271 </div>
2272 </div>
2273 <div class="padding"></div>
2274
2275 <div class="entry">
2276 <div class="title">
2277 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_do_schools_waste_money_on_IT_.html">Why do schools waste money on IT?</a>
2278 </div>
2279 <div class="date">
2280 8th July 2012
2281 </div>
2282 <div class="body">
2283 <p>In the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project, we have realised that one
2284 of the major blockers for the project success is the purchasing skills
2285 in schools and municipalities. We provide what the happy users of
2286 Debian Edu / Skolelinux say they need and to a lower cost than the
2287 alternatives, and yet so few schools decide to use our solution. I
2288 was pleased to discover the same observation done by mySociety and Tom
2289 Steinberg in his blog post
2290 "<a href="http://www.mysociety.org/2012/06/19/can-you-recognize-the-million-pound-chair/">Can
2291 you recognize the million pound chair?</a>". Read it and weep for the
2292 spending of your tax money.</p>
2293
2294 <p>Of course there are other factors involved as well, like our
2295 projects bad marketing skills and the Linux community fragmentation
2296 causing worry with the people on the outside, so we as a project need
2297 to keep working hard to gain users, but it is a up-hill battle when
2298 public decision makers are unable to understand computer system
2299 purchases.</p>
2300
2301 </div>
2302 <div class="tags">
2303
2304
2305 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2306
2307
2308 </div>
2309 </div>
2310 <div class="padding"></div>
2311
2312 <div class="entry">
2313 <div class="title">
2314 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Free_Timetabling_Software___nice_free_software.html">Free Timetabling Software - nice free software</a>
2315 </div>
2316 <div class="date">
2317 7th July 2012
2318 </div>
2319 <div class="body">
2320 <p>Included in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
2321 Skolelinux</a> is a large collection of end user and school specific
2322 software. It is one of the packages not installed by default but
2323 provided in the Debian archive for schools to install if they want to,
2324 is a system to automatically plan the school time table using
2325 information about available teachers, classes and rooms, combined with
2326 the list of required courses and how many hours each topic should
2327 receive. The software is
2328
2329 <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/">named FET</a>, and it provide a
2330 graphical user interface to input the required information, save the
2331 result in a fairly simple XML format, and generate time tables for
2332 both teachers and students. It is available both for
2333 <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/download.html">Linux, MacOSX and
2334 Windows</a>.</p>
2335
2336 <p>This is <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/features.html">the
2337 feature list</a>, liftet from the project web site:</p>
2338
2339 <p><ul>
2340
2341 <li>FET is free software, licensed under the GNU GPL v2 or later.
2342 You can freely use, copy, modify and redistribute it </li>
2343
2344 <li>Localized to en_US (US English, default), ar (Arabic), ca
2345 (Catalan), da (Danish), de (German), el (Greek), es (Spanish), fa
2346 (Persian), fr (French), gl (Galician), he (Hebrew), hu
2347 (Hungarian), id (Indonesian), it (Italian), lt (Lithuanian), mk
2348 (Macedonian), ms (Malay), nl (Dutch), pl (Polish), pt_BR
2349 (Brazilian Portuguese), ro (Romanian), ru (Russian), si (Sinhala),
2350 sk (Slovak), sr (Serbian), tr (Turkish), uk (Ukrainian), uz
2351 (Uzbek) and vi (Vietnamese) (incompletely for some languages)
2352 </li>
2353
2354 <li>Fully automatic generation algorithm, allowing also
2355 semi-automatic or manual allocation</li>
2356
2357 <li>Platform independent implementation, allowing running on
2358 GNU/Linux, Windows, Mac and any system that Qt supports </li>
2359
2360 <li>Flexible modular XML format for the input file, allowing editing
2361 with an XML editor or by hand (besides FET interface)</li>
2362
2363 <li>Import/export from CSV format</li>
2364
2365 <li>The resulted timetables are exported into HTML, XML and CSV
2366 formats </li>
2367
2368 <li>Flexible students structure, organized into sets: years, groups
2369 and subgroups. FET allows overlapping years and groups and
2370 non-overlapping subgroups. You can even define individual students
2371 (as separate sets)</li>
2372
2373 <li>Each constraint has a weight percentage, from 0.0% to 100.0%
2374 (but some special constraints are allowed to have only 100% weight
2375 percentage)</li>
2376
2377 <li>Limits for the algorithm (all these limits can be increased on
2378 demand, as a custom version, because this would require a bit more
2379 memory):
2380 <ul>
2381 <li>Maximum total number of hours (periods) per day: 60</li>
2382 <li>Maximum number of working days per week: 35</li>
2383 <li>Maximum total number of teachers: 6000</li>
2384 <li>Maximum total number of sets of students: 30000</li>
2385 <li>Maximum total number of subjects: 6000</li>
2386 <li>Virtually unlimited number of activity tags</li>
2387 <li>Maximum number of activities: 30000</li>
2388 <li>Maximum number of rooms: 6000</li>
2389 <li>Maximum number of buildings: 6000</li>
2390 <li>Possibility of adding multiple teachers and
2391 students sets for each activity. (it is possible
2392 also to have no teachers or no students sets for an
2393 activity)</li>
2394 <li>Virtually unlimited number of time constraints</li>
2395 <li>Virtually unlimited number of space constraints</li>
2396 </ul></li>
2397
2398 <li>A large and flexible palette of time constraints:
2399 <ul>
2400 <li>Break periods</li>
2401 <li>For teacher(s):
2402 <ul>
2403 <li>Not available periods</li>
2404 <li>Max/min days per week</li>
2405 <li>Max gaps per day/week</li>
2406 <li>Max hours daily/continuously</li>
2407 <li>Min hours daily</li>
2408 <li>Max hours daily/continuously with an activity tag</li>
2409
2410 <li>Respect working in an hourly interval a max number of
2411 days per week</li>
2412 </ul></li>
2413 <li>For students (sets):
2414 <ul>
2415 <li>Not available periods</li>
2416 <li>Begins early (specify max allowed beginnings at second hour)</li>
2417 <li>Max gaps per day/week</li>
2418 <li>Max hours daily/continuously</li>
2419 <li>Min hours daily</li>
2420 <li>Max hours daily/continuously with an activity tag</li>
2421
2422 <li>Respect working in an hourly interval a max number of
2423 days per week</li>
2424 </ul></li>
2425 <li>For an activity or a set of activities/subactivities:
2426 <ul>
2427 <li>A single preferred starting time</li>
2428 <li>A set of preferred starting times</li>
2429 <li>A set of preferred time slots</li>
2430 <li>Min/max days between them</li>
2431 <li>End(s) students day</li>
2432 <li>Same starting time/day/hour</li>
2433 <li>Occupy max time slots from selection (a complex and
2434 flexible constraint, useful in many situations)</li>
2435 <li>Consecutive, ordered, grouped (for 2 or 3 (sub)activities)</li>
2436 <li>Not overlapping</li>
2437 <li>Max simultaneous in selected time slots</li>
2438 <li>Min gaps between a set of (sub)activities</li>
2439 </ul></li>
2440 </ul></li>
2441
2442 <li>A large and flexible palette of space constraints:
2443 <ul>
2444 <li>Room not available periods</li>
2445 <li>For teacher(s):
2446 <ul>
2447 <li>Home room(s)</li>
2448 <li>Max building changes per day/week</li>
2449 <li>Min gaps between building changes</li>
2450 </ul>
2451 </li>
2452
2453 <li>For students (sets):
2454 <ul>
2455 <li>Home room(s)</li>
2456 <li>Max building changes per day/week</li>
2457 <li>Min gaps between building changes</li>
2458 </ul>
2459 </li>
2460 <li>Preferred room(s):
2461 <ul>
2462 <li>For a subject</li>
2463 <li>For an activity tag</li>
2464 <li>For a subject and an activity tag</li>
2465 <li>Individually for a (sub)activity</li>
2466 </ul>
2467 </li>
2468
2469 <li>For a set of activities:
2470 <ul>
2471 <li>Occupy a maximum number of different rooms</li>
2472 </ul>
2473 </li>
2474 </ul>
2475 </li>
2476 </ul></p>
2477
2478 <p>I have not used it myself, as I am not involved in time table
2479 planning at a school, but it seem to work fine when I test it. If you
2480 need to set up your schools time table, and is tired of doing it
2481 manually, check it out.
2482
2483 A quick summary on how to use it can be found in
2484 <a href="http://marvelsoft.co.in/wp/2012/03/generate-timetable-for-state-cbse-icse-igcse-schools-free/">a
2485 blog post from MarvelSoft</a>. If you find FET useful, please provide
2486 a recipe for the Debian Edu project in the
2487 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu#Howtos">Debian Edu HowTo
2488 section</a>.</p>
2489
2490 </div>
2491 <div class="tags">
2492
2493
2494 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2495
2496
2497 </div>
2498 </div>
2499 <div class="padding"></div>
2500
2501 <div class="entry">
2502 <div class="title">
2503 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Markus_Gamenius.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Markus Gamenius</a>
2504 </div>
2505 <div class="date">
2506 30th June 2012
2507 </div>
2508 <div class="body">
2509 <p>Tidligere leder av
2510 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no">foreningen som
2511 organiserer Skolelinux-dugnaden</a>, Markus Gamenius , har i vår vært
2512 i media og
2513 <a href="http://www.dn.no/privatokonomi/article2345489.ece">debattert
2514 skattepolitikk</a>, og det fikk meg til å høre om han kunne lokkes til
2515 å fortelle om hans inntrykk nå, etter at han ble lokket bort fra
2516 Linux- og <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-verden
2517 for å overta familiebedriften. Her har vi hans betraktninger i dag,
2518 noen måneder etter at
2519 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Skolelinux
2520 Squeeze</a>-utgaven ble gitt ut.</p>
2521
2522 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
2523
2524 <p>Jeg heter Markus Gamenius og er 40 år. Utdannet biolog med ymse
2525 fag på siden. Har jobbet som lærer der jeg var driftsansvarlig på
2526 Ulsrud VGS i Oslo. Senere eide og jobbet jeg flere år i Linuxlabs AS,
2527 som jeg solgte til Redpill Linpro AS (den gangen Linpro AS). I dag
2528 jobber jeg med ulike investeringer, hovedsaklig i eiendom, men også i
2529 en del ulike IT-relaterte bedrifter.</p>
2530
2531 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
2532
2533 <p>Fruen og jeg dro på en lengre seiltur i 2000, der jeg måtte ha "noe
2534 å gjøre" under hjemturen over Atlanteren. Jeg kjøpte et par bøker om
2535 Linux i en bokhandel i New York og ble veldig fascinert. Etter
2536 hjemkomsten begynte jeg å jobbe på Ulsrud VGS, som naturfagslærer, men
2537 som IT-interessert ble jeg fort en del av den nye IT-satsningen som
2538 skulle løfte Ulsrud og gi skolen en bedre rykte. Vi hadde ganske
2539 mange maskiner, som gikk på Win98 og to servere som ble oppgradert til
2540 Win2000. Systemene var ustabil og dårlige. På leting etter noe
2541 bedre, uten å knekke ryggen økonomisk, kom jeg over "Linux i Skolen"
2542 og Skolelinux. Jeg tok kontakt med miljøet og en gjeng møtte opp på
2543 skolen, der vi gjorde en liten testinstallasjon. Etter et par år var
2544 ryggraden på skolen Linux (Skolelinux) og vi hadde flere hundre
2545 maskiner, både tynne klienter (gamle og nye), bærbare (Debian) og noen
2546 stasjonære (Win2000). På et tidspunkt var Ulsrud den råeste IT-skolen
2547 og det irriterte skolesjefen i Oslo, da de satset hardt på
2548 Windows.</p>
2549
2550 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
2551
2552 <p>Det som gjorde at vi fikk inn Skolelinux var ene og alene
2553 økonomiske. Det faktum at vi slapp å kjøpe masse nye lisenser og at
2554 vi kunne bruke gammel hardware. Alt i alt gjorde dette at vi sparte
2555 mye, men i stede for å bruke mindre på IT brukte vi det vi sparte på å
2556 skaffe mer hardware og på den måten gi det beste tilbudet i landet til
2557 våre elever. For oss som driftet var det himmel å ha et system som
2558 gikk å administrere sentralt og effektivt. Det var heller ikke så
2559 dumt at vi kunne "låse" maskinene mer effektivt enn vi kunne med
2560 Microsoft Windows, slik at vi slapp mye feil og problemer som ble
2561 forårsaket av "kreative" elever.</p>
2562
2563 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
2564
2565 <p>Det vi slet med var mangelen av en del programmer lærerne ville ha.
2566 Husker ikke alle, men det var et knippe med pedagogiske programmer de
2567 ikke fikk. I dag tror jeg det problemet er langt mindre da det meste
2568 av disse kjøres gjennom nettleseren.</p>
2569
2570 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
2571
2572 <p>Jeg bruker mye Apple i dag og er ikke så stolt av det, men jeg har
2573 både OpenOffice, Firefox og en del andre programmer på den bærbare.
2574 Firefox brukes mest av disse. På Apple-serveren hjemme bruker jeg
2575 HandBrake mye, og jeg har installert OpenWRT på flere av
2576 basestasjonene både hjemme og på jobben. I tillegg til det har jeg i
2577 flere år finansiert et prosjekt som heter
2578 <a href="http://www.found.no/">Found IT</a>. Dette er et prosjekt der
2579 vi lager et rammeverk for søk, der alt vi bruker fri programvare. Det
2580 er Alex Brasetvik som er daglig leder i Found IT.</p>
2581
2582 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
2583 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
2584
2585 <p>Når det gjelder IT og skole er fortsatt økonomi veldig viktig. Så
2586 man må oppfylle minimumskravene (ikke være best, men bra nok) og selge
2587 seg inn på hvor mye man sparer. Det betyr selvsagt at man sparer på
2588 lisenser, men også på driftsinnsats. Men nå når jeg ikke er en aktiv
2589 del av miljøet lenger hører jeg nesten ingen ting om fri programvare.
2590 Jeg stiller meg da spørsmålet om det har blitt stille rundt miljøet,
2591 eller om jeg kun så det tydeligere før når jeg var aktiv? Uansett er
2592 det for stille rundt Skolelinux-prosjektet nå.</p>
2593
2594 </div>
2595 <div class="tags">
2596
2597
2598 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
2599
2600
2601 </div>
2602 </div>
2603 <div class="padding"></div>
2604
2605 <div class="entry">
2606 <div class="title">
2607 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Jos__Luis_Redrejo_Rodr_guez.html">Debian Edu interview: José Luis Redrejo Rodríguez</a>
2608 </div>
2609 <div class="date">
2610 26th June 2012
2611 </div>
2612 <div class="body">
2613 <p>I've been too busy at home, but finally I found time to wrap up
2614 another interview with the people behind
2615 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>.
2616 This time we get to know José Luis Redrejo Rodríguez, one of our great
2617 helpers from Spain. His effort was the reason we added support for
2618 several desktop types (KDE, Gnome and most recently LXDE) in Debian
2619 Edu, and have all of these available in the recently published
2620 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
2621 Squeeze</a> version.</p>
2622
2623 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
2624
2625 <p>I'm a father, teacher and engineer who is working for the Education
2626 ministry of the Region of Extremadura (Spain) in the implementation of
2627 ICT in schools</p>
2628
2629 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
2630 project?</strong></p>
2631
2632 <p>At 2006, I verified that both, we in Extremadura and Skolelinux
2633 project, had been working in parallel for some years, doing very
2634 similar things, using very similar tools and with similar targets, so
2635 I decided it was time to join forces as much as possible.</p>
2636
2637 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
2638 Edu?</strong></p>
2639
2640 <p>A community of highly skilled experts working together, with a
2641 really open schema of collaboration and work. I really love the
2642 concepts of Do-ocracy and Merit-ocracy and the way these concepts are
2643 been used everyday inside Debian Edu.</p>
2644
2645 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
2646 Edu?</strong></p>
2647
2648 <p>Sometimes the differences in the implementations, laws or
2649 economical and technical resources in the different countries don't
2650 allow us to agree in the same solution for all of us, and several
2651 approaches are needed, what is a waste of effort. Also, there is a
2652 lack of more man power to be able to follow the fast evolution of the
2653 technologies in school.</p>
2654
2655 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
2656
2657 <p>Debian, of course, and due to my kind of job I am most of my time
2658 between Iceweasel, <a href="http://www.geany.org/">Geany</a> and
2659 <a href="http://www.ohloh.net/p/gnome-terminator">Terminator</a>.</p>
2660
2661 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
2662 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
2663
2664 <p>I think there is not a single strategy because there are very
2665 different scenarios: schools with mixed proprietary and free
2666 environments, schools using only workstations, other schools using
2667 laptops, netbooks, tablets, interactive white-boards, etc.</p>
2668
2669 <p>Also the range of ages of the students is very broad and you can
2670 not use the same solutions for primary schools and secondary or even
2671 universities. So different strategies are needed.</p>
2672
2673 <p>But, looking at these differences, and looking back to the things
2674 we've done and implemented, and the places were we have spent most of
2675 our forces, I think we should focus as much as possible in free
2676 multi-platform environments, using only standards tools, and moving
2677 more and more to Internet or network solutions that could be deployed
2678 using wireless. I think we'll see more and more personal devices in
2679 the schools, devices the students and teachers will take home with
2680 them, so the solutions must be able to be taken at home and continue
2681 working there.</p>
2682
2683 </div>
2684 <div class="tags">
2685
2686
2687 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
2688
2689
2690 </div>
2691 </div>
2692 <div class="padding"></div>
2693
2694 <div class="entry">
2695 <div class="title">
2696 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu___some_ideas_for_the_future_versions.html">Debian Edu - some ideas for the future versions</a>
2697 </div>
2698 <div class="date">
2699 11th June 2012
2700 </div>
2701 <div class="body">
2702 <p>During my work on
2703 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.nb.html">Debian Edu
2704 based on Squeeze</a>, I came across some issues that should be
2705 addressed in the Wheezy release. I finally found time to wrap up my
2706 notes and provide quick summary of what I found, with a bit
2707 explanation.</p>
2708
2709 <p><ul>
2710
2711 <li>We need to rewrite our package installation framework, as tasksel
2712 changed from using tasksel tasks to using meta packages (aka packages
2713 with dependencies like our education-* packages), and our installation
2714 system depend on tasksel tasks in
2715 /usr/share/tasksel/debian-edu-tasks.desc for package
2716 installation.</li>
2717
2718 <li>Enable Kerberos login for more services. Now with the Kerberos
2719 foundation in place, we should use it to get single sign on with more
2720 services, and avoiding unneeded password / login questions. We should
2721 at least try to enable it for these services:
2722 <ul>
2723
2724 <li>CUPS for admins to add/configure printers and users when using
2725 quotas.</li>
2726 <li>Nagios for admins checking the system status.</li>
2727 <li>GOsa for admins updating LDAP and users changing their passwords.</li>
2728 <li>LDAP for admins updating LDAP.</li>
2729 <li>Squid for users when exam mode / filtering is active.</li>
2730 <li>ssh for admins and users to save a password prompt.</li>
2731
2732 </ul></li>
2733
2734 <li>When we move GOsa to use Kerberos instead of LDAP bind to
2735 authenticate users, we should try to block or at least limit access to
2736 use LDAP bind for authentication, to ensure Kerberos is used when it
2737 is intended, and nothing fall back to using the less safe LDAP bind</li>
2738
2739 <li>Merge debian-edu-config and debian-edu-install. The split made
2740 sense when d-e-install did a lot more, but these days it is just an
2741 inconvenience when we update the debconf preseeding values.</li>
2742
2743 <li>Fix partman-auto to allow us to abort the installation before
2744 touching the disk if the disk is too small. This is
2745 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/653305">BTS report #653305</a> and the
2746 d-i developers are fine with the patch and someone just need to apply
2747 it and upload. After this is done we need to adjust
2748 debian-edu-install to use this new hook.</li>
2749
2750 <li>Adjust to new LTSP framework (boot time config instead of install
2751 time config). LTSP changed its design, and our hooks to install
2752 packages and update the configuration is most likely not going to work
2753 in Wheezy.
2754
2755 <li>Consider switching to NBD instead of NFS for LTSP root, to allow
2756 the Kernel to cache files in its normal file cache, possibly speeding
2757 up KDE login on slow networks.</li>
2758
2759 <li>Make it possible to create expired user passwords that need to
2760 change on first login. This is useful when handing out password on
2761 paper, to make sure only the user know the password. This require
2762 fixes to the PAM handling of kdm and gdm.</li>
2763
2764 <li>Make GUI for adding new machines automatically from sitesummary.
2765 The current command line script is not very friendly to people most
2766 familiar with GUIs. This should probably be integrated into GOsa to
2767 have it available where the admin will be looking for it..</li>
2768
2769 <li>We should find way for Nagios to check that the DHCP service
2770 actually is working (as in handling out IP addresses). None of the
2771 Nagios checks I have found so far have been working for me.</li>
2772
2773 <li>We should switch from libpam-nss-ldapd to sssd for all profiles
2774 using LDAP, and not only on for roaming workstations, to have less
2775 packages to configure and consistent setup across all profiles.</li>
2776
2777 <li>We should configure Kerberos to update LDAP and Samba password
2778 when changing password using the Kerberos protocol. The hook was
2779 requested in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/588968">BTS report
2780 #588968</a> and is now available in Wheezy. We might need to write a
2781 MIT Kerberos plugin in C to get this.</li>
2782
2783 <li>We should clean up the set of applications installed by default.
2784 <ul>
2785
2786 <li>reduce the number of chemistry visualisers</li>
2787 <li>consider dropping xpaint</li>
2788 <li>and probably more?</li>
2789 </ul></li>
2790
2791 <li>Some hardware need external firmware to work properly. This is
2792 mostly the case for WiFi network cards, but there are some other
2793 examples too. For popular laptops to work out of the box, such
2794 firmware need to be installed from non-free, and we should provide
2795 some GUI to do this. Ubuntu already have this implemented, and we
2796 could consider using their packages. At the moment we have some
2797 command line script to do this (one for the running system, another
2798 for the LTSP chroot).</li>
2799
2800
2801 <li>In Squeeze, we provide KDE, Gnome and LXDE as desktop options. We
2802 should extend the list to Xfce and Sugar, and preferably find a way to
2803 install several and allow the admin or the user to select which one to
2804 use.</li>
2805
2806 <li>The golearn tool from the goplay package make it easy to check out
2807 interesting educational packages. We should work on the package
2808 tagging in Debian to ensure it represent all the useful educational
2809 packages, and extend the tool to allow it to use packagekit to install
2810 new applications with a simple mouse click.</li>
2811
2812 <li>The Squeeze version got half a exam solution already in place,
2813 with the introduction of iptable based network blocking, but for it to
2814 be a complete exam solution the Squid proxy need to enable
2815 filtering/blocking as well when the exam mode is enabled. We should
2816 implement a way to easily enable this for the schools that want it,
2817 instead of the "it is documented" method of today.</li>
2818
2819 <li>A feature used in several schools is the ability for a teacher to
2820 "take over" the desktop of individual or all computers in the room.
2821 There are at least three implementations,
2822 <a href="italc.sourceforge.net/">italc</a>,
2823 <a href="http://www.itais.net/help/en/">controlaula</a> og
2824 <a href="http://www.epoptes.org/">epoptes</a> and we should pick one of
2825 them and make it trivial to set it up in a school. The challenges is
2826 how to distribute crypto keys and how to group computers in one room
2827 and how to set up which machine/user can control the machines in a
2828 given room.</li>
2829
2830 <li>Tablets and surf boards are getting more and more popular, and we
2831 should look into providing a good solution for integrating these into
2832 the Debian Edu network. Not quite sure how. Perhaps we should
2833 provide a installation profile with better touch screen support for
2834 them, or add some sync services to allow them to exchange
2835 configuration and data with the central server. This should be
2836 investigated.</li>
2837
2838 </ul></p>
2839
2840 <p>I guess we will discover more as we continue to work on the Wheezy
2841 version.</p>
2842
2843 </div>
2844 <div class="tags">
2845
2846
2847 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2848
2849
2850 </div>
2851 </div>
2852 <div class="padding"></div>
2853
2854 <div class="entry">
2855 <div class="title">
2856 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Mike_Gabriel.html">Debian Edu interview: Mike Gabriel</a>
2857 </div>
2858 <div class="date">
2859 2nd June 2012
2860 </div>
2861 <div class="body">
2862 <p>Back in 2010, Mike Gabriel showed up on the
2863 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
2864 mailing list. He quickly proved to be a valuable developer, and
2865 thanks to his tireless effort we now have Kerberos integrated into the
2866 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
2867 Squeeze</a> version.</p>
2868
2869 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
2870
2871 <p>My name is Mike Gabriel, I am 38 years old and live near Kiel,
2872 Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. I live together with a wonderful partner
2873 (Angela Fuß) and two own children and two bonus children (contributed
2874 by Angela).</p>
2875
2876 <p>During the day I am part-time employed as a system administrator
2877 and part-time working as an IT consultant. The consultancy work
2878 touches free software topics wherever and whenever possible. During
2879 the nights I am a free software developer. In the gaps I also train in
2880 becoming an osteopath.</p>
2881
2882 <p>Starting in 2010 we (Andreas Buchholz, Angela Fuß, Mike Gabriel)
2883 have set up a free software project in the area of Kiel that aims at
2884 introducing free software into schools. The project's name is
2885 "IT-Zukunft Schule" (IT future for schools). The project links IT
2886 skills with communication skills.</p>
2887
2888 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
2889 project?</strong></p>
2890
2891 <p>While preparing our own customised Linux distribution for
2892 "IT-Zukunft Schule" we were repeatedly asked if we really wanted to
2893 reinvent the wheel. What schools really need is already available,
2894 people said. From this impulse we started evaluating other Linux
2895 distributions that target being used for school networks.</p>
2896
2897 <p>At the end we short-listed two approaches and compared them: a
2898 commercial Linux distribution developed by a company in Bremen,
2899 Germany, and Skolelinux / Debian Edu. Between 12/2010 and 03/2011 we
2900 went to several events and met people being responsible for marketing
2901 and development of either of the distributions. Skolelinux / Debian
2902 Edu was by far much more convincing compared to the other product that
2903 got short-listed beforehand--across the full spectrum. What was most
2904 attractive for me personally: the perspective of collaboration within
2905 the developmental branch of the Debian Edu project itself.</p>
2906
2907 <p>In parallel with this, we talked to many local and not-so-local
2908 people. People teaching at schools, headmasters, politicians, data
2909 protection experts, other IT professionals.</p>
2910
2911 <p>We came to two conclusions:</p>
2912
2913 <p>First, a technical conclusion: What schools need is available in
2914 bits and pieces here and there, and none of the solutions really fit
2915 by 100%. Any school we have seen has a very individual IT setup
2916 whereas most of each school's requirements could mapped by a standard
2917 IT solution. The requirement to this IT solution is flexibility and
2918 customisability, so that individual adaptations here and there are
2919 possible. In terms of re-distributing and rolling out such a
2920 standardised IT system for schools (a system that is still to some
2921 degree customisable) there is still a lot of work to do here
2922 locally. Debian Edu / Skolelinux has been our choice as the starting
2923 point.</p>
2924
2925 <p>Second, a holistic conclusion: What schools need does not exist at
2926 all (or we missed it so far). There are several technical solutions
2927 for handling IT at schools that tend to make a good impression. What
2928 has been missing completely here in Germany, though, is the enrolment
2929 of people into using IT and teaching with IT. "IT-Zukunft Schule"
2930 tries to provide an approach for this.</p>
2931
2932 <p>Only some schools have some sort of a media concept which explains,
2933 defines and gives guidance on how to use IT in class. Most schools in
2934 Northern Germany do not have an IT service provider, the school's IT
2935 equipment is managed by one or (if the school is lucky) two (admin)
2936 teachers, most of the workload these admin teachers get done in there
2937 spare time.</p>
2938
2939 <p>We were surprised that only a very few admin teachers were
2940 networked with colleagues from other schools. Basically, every school
2941 here around has its individual approach of providing IT equipment to
2942 teachers and students and the exchange of ideas has been quasi
2943 non-existent until 2010/2011.</p>
2944
2945 <p>Quite some (non-admin) teachers try to avoid using IT technology in
2946 class as a learning medium completely. Several reasons for this
2947 avoidance do exist.</p>
2948
2949 <p>We discovered that no-one has ever taken a closer look at this
2950 social part of IT management in schools, so far. On our quest journey
2951 for a technical IT solution for schools, we discussed this issue with
2952 several teachers, headmasters, politicians, other IT professionals and
2953 they all confirmed: a holistic approach of considering IT management
2954 at schools, an approach that includes the people in place, will be new
2955 and probably a gain for all.</p>
2956
2957 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
2958 Edu?</strong></p>
2959
2960 <p>There is a list of advantages: international context, openness to
2961 any kind of contributions, do-ocracy policy, the closeness to Debian,
2962 the different installation scenarios possible (from stand-alone
2963 workstation to complex multi-server sites), the transparency within
2964 project communication, honest communication within the group of
2965 developers, etc.</p>
2966
2967 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
2968 Edu?</strong></p>
2969
2970 <p>Every coin has two sides:</p>
2971
2972 <p>Technically: <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/311188">BTS issue
2973 #311188</a>, tricky upgradability of a Debian Edu main server, network
2974 client installations on top of a plain vanilla Debian installation
2975 should become possible sometime in the near future, one could think
2976 about splitting the very complex package debian-edu-config into
2977 several portions (to make it easier for new developers to
2978 contribute).</p>
2979
2980 <p>Another issue I see is that we (as Debian Edu developers) should
2981 find out more about the network of people who do the marketing for
2982 Debian Edu / Skolelinux. There is a very active group in Germany
2983 promoting Skolelinux on the bigger Linux Days within Germany. Are
2984 there other groups like that in other countries? How can we bring
2985 these marketing people together (marketing group A with group B and
2986 all of them with the group of Debian Edu developers)? During the last
2987 meeting of the German Skolelinux group, I got the impression of people
2988 there being rather disconnected from the development department of
2989 Debian Edu / Skolelinux.</p>
2990
2991 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
2992
2993 <p>For my daily business, I do not use commercial software at all.</p>
2994
2995 <p>For normal stuff I use Iceweasel/Firefox, Libreoffice.org. For
2996 serious text writing I prefer LaTeX. I use gimp, inkscape, scribus for
2997 more artistic tasks. I run virtual machines in KVM and Virtualbox.</p>
2998
2999 <p>I am one of the upstream developers of X2Go. In 2010 I started the
3000 development of a Python based X2Go Client, called PyHoca-GUI.
3001 PyHoca-GUI has brought forth a Python X2Go Client API that currently
3002 is being integrated in Ubuntu's software center.</p>
3003
3004 <p>For communications I have my own Kolab server running using Horde
3005 as web-based groupware client. For IRC I love to use irssi, for Jabber
3006 I have several clients that I use, mostly pidgin, though. I am also
3007 the Debian maintainer of Coccinella, a Jabber-based interactive
3008 whiteboard.</p>
3009
3010 <p>My favourite terminal emulator is KDE's Yakuake.</p>
3011
3012 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
3013 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
3014
3015 <p>Communicate, communicate, communicate. Enrol people, enrol people,
3016 enrol people.</p>
3017
3018 </div>
3019 <div class="tags">
3020
3021
3022 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
3023
3024
3025 </div>
3026 </div>
3027 <div class="padding"></div>
3028
3029 <div class="entry">
3030 <div class="title">
3031 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Ralf_Gesellensetter.html">Debian Edu interview: Ralf Gesellensetter</a>
3032 </div>
3033 <div class="date">
3034 27th May 2012
3035 </div>
3036 <div class="body">
3037 <p>In 2003, a German teacher showed up on the
3038 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
3039 mailing list with interesting problems and reports proving he setting
3040 up Linux for a (for us at the time) lot of pupils. His name was Ralf
3041 Gesellensetter, and he has been an important tester and contributor
3042 since then, helping to make sure the
3043 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
3044 Squeeze</a> release became as good as it is..</p>
3045
3046 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
3047
3048 <p>I am a teacher from Germany, and my subjects are Geography,
3049 Mathematics, and Computer Science ("Informatik"). During the past 12
3050 years (since 2000), I have been working for a comprehensive (and soon,
3051 also inclusive) school leading to all kind of general levels, such as
3052 O- or A-level ("Abitur"). For quite as long, I've been taking care of
3053 our computer network.</p>
3054
3055 <p>Now, in my early 40s, I enjoy the privilege of spending a lot of my
3056 spare time together with my wife, our son (3 years) and our daughter
3057 (4 months).</p>
3058
3059 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
3060 project?</strong></p>
3061
3062 <p>We had tried different Linux based school servers, when members of
3063 my local Linux User Group (LUG OWL) detected Skolelinux. I remember
3064 very well, being part of a party celebrating the Linux New Media Award
3065 ("Best Newcomer Distribution", also nominated: Ubuntu) that was given
3066 to Skolelinux at Linux World Exposition in Frankfurt, 2005 (IIRC). Few
3067 months later, I had the chance to join a developer meeting in Ulsrud
3068 (Oslo) and to hand out the award to Knut Yrvin and others. For more
3069 than 7 years, Skolelinux is part of our schools infrastructure, namely
3070 our main server (tjener), one LTSP (today without thin clients), and
3071 approximately 50 work stations. Most of these have the option to boot a
3072 locally installed Skolelinux image. As a consequence, I joined quite
3073 a few events dealing with free software or Linux, and met many Debian
3074 (Edu) developers. All of them seemed quite nice and competent to me,
3075 one more reason to stick to Skolelinux.</p>
3076
3077 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3078 Edu?</strong></p>
3079
3080 <p>Debian driven, you are given all the advantages of a community
3081 project including well maintained updates. Once, you are familiar with
3082 the network layout, you can easily roll out an entire educational
3083 computer infrastructure, from just one installation media. As only
3084 free software (FOSS) is used, that supports even elderly hardware,
3085 up-sizing your IT equipment is only limited by space (i.e. available
3086 labs). Especially if you run a LTSP thin client server, your
3087 administration costs tend towards zero.</p>
3088
3089 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3090 Edu?</strong></p>
3091
3092 <p>While Debian's stability has loads of advantages for servers, this
3093 might be different in some cases for clients: Schools with unlimited
3094 budget might buy new hardware with components that are not yet
3095 supported by Debian stable, or wish to use more recent versions of
3096 office packages or desktop environments. These schools have the
3097 option to run Debian testing or other distributions - if they have the
3098 capacity to do so. Another issue is that Debian release cycles
3099 include a wide range of changes; therefor a high percentage of human
3100 power seems to be absorbed by just keeping the features of Skolelinux
3101 within the new setting of the version to come. During this process,
3102 the cogs of Debian Edu are getting more and more professional,
3103 i.e. harder to understand for novices.</p>
3104
3105 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
3106
3107 <p>LibreOffice, Wikipedia, Openstreetmap, Iceweasel (Mozilla Firefox),
3108 KMail, Gimp, Inkscape - and of course the Linux Kernel (not only on
3109 PC, Laptop, Mobile, but also our SAT receiver)</p>
3110
3111 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
3112 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
3113
3114 <p><ol>
3115
3116 <li>Support computer science as regular subject in schools to make
3117 people really "own" their hardware, to make them understand the
3118 difference between proprietary software products, and free software
3119 developing.</li>
3120
3121 <li>Make budget baskets corresponding: In Germany's public schools
3122 there are more or less fixed budgets for IT equipment (including
3123 licenses), so schools won't benefit from any savings here. This
3124 privilege is left to private schools which have consequently a large
3125 share among German Skolelinux schools.</li>
3126
3127 <li>Get free software in the seminars where would-be teachers are
3128 trained. In many cases, teachers' software customs are respected by
3129 decision makers rather than the expertise of any IT experts.</li>
3130
3131 <li>Don't limit ourself to free software run natively. Everybody uses
3132 free software or free licenses (for instance Wikipedia), and this
3133 general concept should get expanded to free educational content to be
3134 shared world wide (school books e.g.).</li>
3135
3136 <li>Make clear where ever you can that the market share of free (libre)
3137 office suites is much above 20 p.c. today, and that you pupils don't
3138 need to know the "ribbon menu" in order to get employed.</li>
3139
3140 <li>Talk about the difference between freeware and free software.</li>
3141
3142 <li>Spread free software, or even collections of portable free apps
3143 for USB pen drives. Endorse students to get a legal copy of
3144 Libreoffice rather than accepting them to use illegal serials. And
3145 keep sending documents in ODF formats.</li>
3146
3147 </ol></p>
3148
3149 </div>
3150 <div class="tags">
3151
3152
3153 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
3154
3155
3156 </div>
3157 </div>
3158 <div class="padding"></div>
3159
3160 <div class="entry">
3161 <div class="title">
3162 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Alf_Tonny_B_tz.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Alf Tonny Bätz</a>
3163 </div>
3164 <div class="date">
3165 20th May 2012
3166 </div>
3167 <div class="body">
3168 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektets</a>
3169 musiker og mannen bak
3170 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Manuals/Rosegarden/">opplæringsdokumentene
3171 i Rosegarden</a>
3172 (<a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/nb/rosegarden-manual.html">norsk
3173 utgave</a>) for musikklærere, Alf Tonny Bätz, er neste mann ut i min
3174 intervjurunde av folkene bak Skolelinux-løsningen. Jeg har kjent Alf
3175 Tonny siden vi møttes som barn på påskefjellet i Ofoten, og ble
3176 gledelig overrasket da han dukket opp i Skolelinux-prosjektet etter å
3177 ikke ha sett noe til ham på mange år.</p>
3178
3179 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
3180
3181 <p>Jeg er utdannet kokk av yrke, og har utøvet yrket i 12 år. Men
3182 etter at ryggen sa takk før seg, studerte jeg nettverksadministrasjon
3183 ved Næringsakademiet i Bergen årene 2008-2009 slik at jeg kunne
3184 forfølge en av mine største interesser - data. Til daglig jobber jeg
3185 ved <a href="http://www.narvikskolen.no/parken/">Parken
3186 ungdomsskole</a> med å drifte skolens PC-er. Har også litt
3187 musikkundervisning.</p>
3188
3189 <p>Mitt mål er å bevisstgjøre musikklærene mulighetene med de frie
3190 programmene som finnes i Skolelinux, blant annet Rosegarden.</p>
3191
3192 <p>Har i mange år drevet med musikk og en av grunnen til at Rosegarden
3193 falt i smak for min del, var fordi denne fungere og ligner mest på
3194 Windows-programmet (cubase) jeg jobbet mye med da jeg i mine yngre
3195 dager var «Windows fanatiker». Ble introdusert til Linux av en kompis
3196 av meg for omtrent 14 år siden, og har bare blitt mer og mer glad i
3197 dette operativsystemet.</p>
3198
3199 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
3200
3201 <p>Da jeg ble sykemeldt fra min gamle jobb, og måtte omskoleres,
3202 havnet jeg i 2007 sammen med Viggo Fedreheim på IKT-avdelingen i
3203 Narvik kommune, der ble jeg for første gang introdusert til
3204 Skolelinuxprosjektet.</p>
3205
3206 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
3207
3208 <p>Skolelinux er enkelt å holde i drift og masse flotte programmer som
3209 geogebra, ktouch og kgeografi følger med pakken. Man kan ta i bruk
3210 gamle PC-er igjen, slik at skoler med dårlig råd får opp en brukbar
3211 PC-park. PC-er som er ca 6-9 år gamle fungere tilfredstillende, bare
3212 de har 512 MB RAM eller mer.</p>
3213
3214 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
3215
3216 <p>Ulempene er at noen av de pedagogiske programmene som lærene ønsker
3217 å bruke fungere dårlig med Linux. Mye pga. av at disse programmene
3218 blir ikke laget til Linuxbaserte operativsystemer.</p>
3219
3220 <p>Video- og bilde-redigering har dessverre en del mangler, mange av
3221 programmene har en tendens til og krasje. Det gjelder blant annet
3222 <a href="http://www.kdenlive.org/">kdenlive</a> og
3223 <a href="http://www.openshotvideo.com/">openshot</a>, for å nevne
3224 noen. De er ikke stabile nok. Når elevene kommer med filmsnutter de
3225 ønsker og jobbe med, så godtar ikke programmene filene, og når elevene
3226 jobber med redigering bare krasjer programmene uten forvarsel. Det er
3227 for vanskelig å få noe som bare fungerer ut av boksen her. Når en elev
3228 plugger inn et videokamera eller fotoapparat så er det alltid noe som
3229 ikke vil fungere. Programmene godtar ikke format, godtar ikke
3230 kameraet, osv., osv. Det er dessverre med på og dra ned en positiv
3231 opplevelse av bruk av fri programvare.</p>
3232
3233 <p>Man må ofte bruke flere en et video redigerings program før og få
3234 fullført en ønsket oppgave.</p>
3235
3236 <p>Eksempel:</p>
3237
3238 <p>Hvis det ene programmet ikke vil ta i mot videofilen klarer et
3239 annet det, men det programmet som klarer det kan ikke gjøre de samme
3240 oppgavene som det programmet som ikke ville ta i mot filen,
3241 Tilsvarende er det med foto, man må bruke flere programmer for å få
3242 et ferdig resultat. Til dags dato har jeg enda ikke funnet et video-
3243 og fotoprogram som kan tilfredstillende fullføre en oppgave.</p>
3244
3245 <p>Så man kan klare og fullføre en oppgave, men i verste fall må man
3246 innom 3-4 programmer for å få det til. Så jeg har enda ikke til dags
3247 dato sett at et program fungere 100% til alt.</p>
3248
3249 <p>Det programmet jeg har best erfaring til er
3250 <a href="http://cinelerra.org/">cinelerra</a>, men dessverre har det
3251 også tendenser og krasje av og til uten grunn.</p>
3252
3253 Lydsystemet kan også være et mareritt. Konkret snakker jeg om når du
3254 bruker for eksempel et smartboard, så følger det med USB-lydkort på
3255 disse. Problemet ligger her i at systemet ikke vil velge rett
3256 lydkort, så man må inn med padevchooser for å sette opp PulseAudio
3257 til og velge at USB-lydkortet skal brukes. Det blir for tungvindt for
3258 lærene, de ønsker at ting skal fungere med en gang. (min løsning på
3259 det problemet ble at jeg måtte deaktivere lydkortet som fantes på
3260 maskinen) men da må man bestandig slå på smartboard-tavla.
3261
3262 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
3263
3264 Programmene jeg bruker mest av er: Rosegarden, jack, qsynth, audacity,
3265 k3b, openttd og libreoffice.
3266
3267 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
3268 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
3269
3270 Jeg tror det må bevisstgjøring av Skolene til, dvs. reklamere høylytt
3271 og fortelle og vise de andre skolene at frie programvarer faktisk
3272 fungere. Jeg trur faktisk mange ikke vet at det finnes frie
3273 alternativer.
3274
3275 </div>
3276 <div class="tags">
3277
3278
3279 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
3280
3281
3282 </div>
3283 </div>
3284 <div class="padding"></div>
3285
3286 <div class="entry">
3287 <div class="title">
3288 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__J_rgen_Leibner.html">Debian Edu interview: Jürgen Leibner</a>
3289 </div>
3290 <div class="date">
3291 13th May 2012
3292 </div>
3293 <div class="body">
3294 <p>It has been a few busy weeks for me, but I am finally back to
3295 publish another interview with the people behind
3296 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>.
3297 This time it is one of our German developers, who have helped out over the
3298 years to make sure both a lot of major but also a lot of the minor
3299 details get right before release.
3300
3301 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
3302
3303 <p>My name is Jürgen Leibner, I'm 49 years old and living in
3304 Bielefeld, a town in northern Germany. I worked nearly 20 years as
3305 certified engineer in the department for plant design and layout of an
3306 international company for machinery and equipment. Since 2011 I'm a
3307 certified technical writer (tekom e.V.) and doing technical
3308 documentations for a steam turbine manufacturer. From April this year
3309 I will manage the department of technical documentation at a
3310 manufacturer of automation and assembly line engineering.</p>
3311
3312 <p>My first contact with linux was around 1993. Since that time I used
3313 it at work and at home repeatedly but not exclusively as I do now at
3314 home since 2006.</p>
3315
3316 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
3317 project?</strong></p>
3318
3319 <p>Once a day in the early year of 2001 when I wanted to fetch my
3320 daughter from primary school, there was a teacher sitting in the
3321 middle of 20 old computers trying to boot them and he failed. I helped
3322 him to get them booting. That was seen by the school director and she
3323 asked me if I would like to manage that the school gets all that old
3324 computers in use. I answered: "Yes".</p>
3325
3326 <p>Some weeks later every of the 10 classrooms had one computer
3327 running Windows98. I began to collect old computers and equipment as
3328 gifts and installed the first computer room with a peer-to-peer
3329 network. I did my work at school without being payed in my spare time
3330 and with a lot of fun. About one year later the school was connected
3331 to Internet and a local area network was installed in the school
3332 building. That was the time to have a server and I knew it must be a
3333 Linux server to be able to fulfil all the wishes of the teachers and
3334 being able to do this in a transparent and economic way, without extra
3335 costs for things like licence and software. So I searched for a
3336 school server system running under Linux and I found a couple of
3337 people nearby who founded 'skolelinux.de'. It was the Skolelinux
3338 prerelease 32 I first tried out for being used at the school. I
3339 managed the IT of that school until the municipal authority took over
3340 the IT management and centralised the services for all schools in
3341 Bielefeld in December of 2006.</p>
3342
3343 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3344 Edu?</strong></p>
3345
3346 <p>When I'm looking back to the beginning, there were other advantages
3347 for me as today.</p>
3348
3349 <p>In the past there were advantages like:</p>
3350
3351 <p><ul>
3352
3353 <li>I don't need to buy it so it generates no costs to the school as
3354 they had little money to spent for computers and software.</li>
3355
3356 <li>It has a licence which grands all rights to use it without
3357 cost.</li>
3358
3359 <li>It was more able to fit all requirements of a server system for
3360 schools than a Microsoft server system, even if there are only Windows
3361 clients because of it's preconfigured overall concept of being a
3362 infrastructure solution and community for schools, not only a
3363 server</li>
3364
3365 <li>I was able to configure the server to the needs of the
3366 school.</li>
3367
3368 </ul></p>
3369
3370 <p>Today some of the advantages has been lost, changed or new ones
3371 came up in this way:</p>
3372
3373 <p><ul>
3374
3375 <li>Most schools here do have money to buy hardware and software
3376 now.</li>
3377
3378 <li>They are today mostly managed from central IT departments which
3379 have own concepts which often do not fit to Debian Edu concepts
3380 because they are to close to Microsoft ideology.</li>
3381
3382 <li>With the Squeeze version of Debian Edu which now uses GOsa² for
3383 management I feel more able to manage the daily tasks than with the
3384 interfaces used in the past.</li>
3385
3386 <li>It is more modular than in the past and fits even better to the
3387 different needs.</li>
3388
3389 <li>The documentation is usable and gets better every day.</li>
3390
3391 <li>More people than ever before are using Debian Edu all over the
3392 world and so the community, which is an very important part I think,
3393 is sharing knowledge and minds.</li>
3394
3395 <li>Most, maybe all, of the technical requirements for schools are
3396 solved today by Debian Edu. </li>
3397
3398 </ul></p>
3399
3400 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3401 Edu?</strong></p>
3402
3403 <p><ul>
3404
3405 <li>There are too few IT companies able to integrate Debian Edu into
3406 their product portfolio for serving schools with concepts or even
3407 whole municipality areas.</li>
3408
3409 <li>Debian Edu has beside other free and open software projects not
3410 enough lobbyists which promote free and open software to
3411 politicians.</li>
3412
3413 <li>Technically there are no disadvantages I'm aware of.</li>
3414
3415 </ul></p>
3416
3417 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
3418
3419 <p>I use Debian stable on my home server and on my little desktop
3420 computer. On my laptop I use Debian testing/sid. The applications I
3421 use on my laptop and my desktop are Open/Libre-office, Iceweasel,
3422 KMail, DigiKam, Amarok, Dolphin, okular and all the other programs I
3423 need from the KDE environment. On console I use newsbeuter, mutt,
3424 screen, irssi and all the other famous and useful tools.</p>
3425
3426 <p>My home server provides mail services with exim, dovecot, roundcube
3427 and mutt over ssh on the console, file services with samba, NFS,
3428 rsync, web services with apache, moinmoin-wiki, multimedia services
3429 with gallery2 and mediatomb and database services with MySQL for me
3430 and the whole family. I probably forgot something.</p>
3431
3432 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
3433 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
3434
3435 <p>I believe, we should provide concepts for IT companies to integrate
3436 Debian Edu into their product portfolio with use cases for different
3437 countries and areas all over the world.</p>
3438
3439 </div>
3440 <div class="tags">
3441
3442
3443 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
3444
3445
3446 </div>
3447 </div>
3448 <div class="padding"></div>
3449
3450 <div class="entry">
3451 <div class="title">
3452 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Forskning___GPL_gir_lokal_frihet_og_kontroll_gjennom_omfordeling_av_makt_fra_produsent_til_bruker_.html">Forskning: "GPL gir lokal frihet og kontroll gjennom omfordeling av makt fra produsent til bruker"</a>
3453 </div>
3454 <div class="date">
3455 15th April 2012
3456 </div>
3457 <div class="body">
3458 <p>Da jeg googlet etter noe annet kom jeg tilfeldigvis over
3459 <a href="http://www.duo.uio.no/sok/work.html?WORKID=58309">en
3460 hovedfagsoppgave</a> ved Universitetet i Oslo som diskuterer verdien
3461 av GPLs fire friheter for brukerne av IT-systemer. Jeg ble fascinert
3462 over det som presenteres der. Her er sammendraget:</p>
3463
3464 <p><blockquote>
3465
3466 <p>Motivasjonen til å skrive denne oppgaven er en personlig undring
3467 over hvorfor det primært, og ofte eksklusivt, fokuseres på det
3468 økonomiske aspektet ved utredninger om fri programvare er et godt valg
3469 for det offentlige. Fri og produsenteid programvare bygger på
3470 fundamentalt forskjellige ideologier som kan ha implikasjoner utover
3471 økonomiske kostnader. Kunnskapskulturen som er med på å definere fri
3472 programvare er basert på åpenhet, og er en verdi i seg selv.</p>
3473
3474 <p>Oppgavens tema er programvarelisensen GPL og frihet. GPL-lisensiert
3475 programvare gir visse friheter i forhold til produsenteid
3476 programvare. Mitt spørsmål er om, og eventuelt i hvilken utstrekning,
3477 disse frihetene blir benyttet av ulike brukere og hvordan de
3478 manifesterer seg for disse brukerne. Sentrale spørsmål i oppgaven
3479 er:</p>
3480
3481 <ul>
3482 <li>Hvordan fordeles handlekraft gjennom lisensieringen av programvaren?</li>
3483 <li>Hvilke konsekvenser har programvarelisensen for de ulike brukere? </li>
3484 </ul>
3485
3486 <p>Fri programvare gir blant annet brukeren mulighet til å studere og
3487 modifisere kildekoden. Denne formen for frihet erverves gjennom
3488 kunnskap og krever at brukeren også er en ekspert. Hva skjer med
3489 frihetene til GPL når sluttbrukeren er en annen? Dette diskuteres i
3490 dialog med informantene.</p>
3491
3492 <p>Jeg har i denne oppgaven samlet inn intervjudata fra IKT-ansvarlige
3493 ved grunnskolene i Nittedal kommune, driftsansvarlig og IKT-veilederen
3494 for skolene i kommunen, samt IKT-koordinator for utdanning i Akershus
3495 fylkeskommune og bokmåloversettere av OpenOffice.org. Den empiriske
3496 delen av oppgaven er delt inn i to seksjoner; den første omhandler
3497 operativsystemet Skolelinux, den andre kontorprogrampakken
3498 OpenOffice.org.</p>
3499
3500 <p>Som vi vil se gir GPL lokal frihet og kontroll gjennom omfordeling
3501 av makt fra produsent til bruker. Brukerens makt analyseres gjennom
3502 begrepene brukermedvirkning og handlingsfrihet. Det blir også lagt
3503 vekt på strukturelle forhold rundt bruken av teknologi, og spesielt de
3504 økonomiske begrepene nettverkseksternaliteter, innlåsing og
3505 stiavhengighet. Dette er begreper av spesiell nytte når objektet som
3506 omsettes eller distribueres er et kommunikasjonsprodukt, fordi verdien
3507 til et slikt gode for en potensiell bruker avhenger av antall
3508 eksisterende brukere av godet. I tilknytning til denne problematikken
3509 inneholder oppgaven også en diskusjon rundt åpne standarder og
3510 formater.</p>
3511
3512 <p>Oppgaven konkluderer med at de «fire frihetene» som GPL-lisensen er
3513 laget for å beskytte er av avgjørende betydning for bruken av
3514 OpenOffice.org og Skolelinux, i Akershus fylkeskommune såvel som i
3515 skolene i Nittedal. Distribusjonen av handlekraft er ikke helt
3516 symmetrisk. Det er først og fremst de profesjonelle utviklerne i
3517 Skolelinux som direkte kan nyttiggjøre seg friheten til å endre kode,
3518 mens en sluttbruker som Nittedal kommune nyttiggjør seg den økonomiske
3519 friheten til å kunne distribuere programmene. Det er imidlertid også
3520 slik at ingen aktør klarer seg uten alle disse «frihetene».</p>
3521 </blockquote></p>
3522
3523 <p>Jeg fant også en masteroppgave fra 2006, men der ligger ikke
3524 komplett oppgave tilgjengelig. På tide å holde et øye med
3525 <a href="http://www.duo.uio.no/sok/search.html?q=skolelinux">Skolelinux-søket</a>
3526 til DUO...</p>
3527
3528
3529 </div>
3530 <div class="tags">
3531
3532
3533 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
3534
3535
3536 </div>
3537 </div>
3538 <div class="padding"></div>
3539
3540 <div class="entry">
3541 <div class="title">
3542 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Andreas_Mundt.html">Debian Edu interview: Andreas Mundt</a>
3543 </div>
3544 <div class="date">
3545 15th April 2012
3546 </div>
3547 <div class="body">
3548 <p>Behind <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
3549 Skolelinux</a> there are a lot of people doing the hard work of
3550 setting together all the pieces. This time I present to you Andreas
3551 Mundt, who have been part of the technical development team several
3552 years. He was also a key contributor in getting GOsa and Kerberos set
3553 up in the recently released
3554 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">Debian
3555 Edu Squeeze</a> version.</p>
3556
3557 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
3558
3559 <p>My name is Andreas Mundt, I grew up in south Germany. After
3560 studying Physics I spent several years at university doing research in
3561 Quantum Optics. After that I worked some years in an optics company.
3562 Finally I decided to turn over a new leaf in my life and started
3563 teaching 10 to 19 years old kids at school. I teach math, physics,
3564 information technology and science/technology.</p>
3565
3566 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
3567 project?</strong></p>
3568
3569 <p>Already before I switched to teaching, I followed the Debian Edu
3570 project because of my interest in education and Debian. Within the
3571 qualification/training period for the teaching, I started
3572 contributing.</p>
3573
3574 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3575 Edu?</strong></p>
3576
3577 <p>The advantages of Debian Edu are the well known name, the
3578 out-of-the-box philosophy and of course the great free software of the
3579 Debian Project!</p>
3580
3581 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3582 Edu?</strong></p>
3583
3584 <p>As every coin has two sides, the out-of-the-box philosophy has its
3585 downside, too. In my opinion, it is hard to modify and tweak the
3586 setup, if you need or want that. Further more, it is not easily
3587 possible to upgrade the system to a new release. It takes much too
3588 long after a Debian release to prepare the -Edu release, perhaps
3589 because the number of developers working on the core of the code is
3590 rather small and often busy elsewhere.</p>
3591
3592 <p>The <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianLAN">Debian LAN</a>
3593 project might fill the use case of a more flexible system.</p>
3594
3595 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
3596
3597 <p>I am only using non-free software if I am forced to and run Debian
3598 on all my machines. For documents I prefer LaTeX and PGF/TikZ, then
3599 mutt and iceweasel for email respectively web browsing. At school I
3600 have Arduino and Fritzing in use for a micro controller project.</p>
3601
3602 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
3603 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
3604
3605 <p>One of the major problems is the vendor lock-in from top to bottom:
3606 Especially in combination with ignorant government employees and
3607 politicians, this works out great for the "market-leader". The school
3608 administration here in Baden-Wuerttemberg is occupied by that vendor.
3609 Documents have to be prepared in non-free, proprietary formats. Even
3610 free browsers do not work for the school administration. Publishers
3611 of school books provide software only for proprietary platforms.</p>
3612
3613 <p>To change this, political work is very important. Parts of the
3614 political spectrum have become aware of the problem in the last years.
3615 However it takes quite some time and courageous politicians to 'free'
3616 the system. There is currently some discussion about "Open Data" and
3617 "Free/Open Standards". I am not sure if all the involved parties have
3618 a clue about the potential of these ideas, and probably only a
3619 fraction takes them seriously. However it might slowly make free
3620 software and the philosophy behind it more known and popular.</p>
3621
3622 </div>
3623 <div class="tags">
3624
3625
3626 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
3627
3628
3629 </div>
3630 </div>
3631 <div class="padding"></div>
3632
3633 <div class="entry">
3634 <div class="title">
3635 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Justin_B__Rye.html">Debian Edu interview: Justin B. Rye</a>
3636 </div>
3637 <div class="date">
3638 8th April 2012
3639 </div>
3640 <div class="body">
3641 <p>It take all kind of contributions to create a Linux distribution
3642 like <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>,
3643 and this time I lend the ear to Justin B. Rye, who is listed as a big
3644 contributor to the
3645 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">Debian
3646 Edu Squeeze release manual</a>.
3647
3648 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
3649
3650 <p>I'm a 44-year-old linguistics graduate living in Edinburgh who has
3651 occasionally been employed as a sysadmin.</p>
3652
3653 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
3654 project?</strong></p>
3655
3656 <p>I'm neither a developer nor a Skolelinux/Debian Edu user! The only
3657 reason my name's in the credits for the documentation is that I hang
3658 around on debian-l10n-english waiting for people to mention things
3659 they'd like a native English speaker to proofread... So I did a sweep
3660 through the wiki for typos and Norglish and inconsistent spellings of
3661 "localisation".</p>
3662
3663 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3664 Edu?</strong></p>
3665
3666 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3667 Edu?</strong></p>
3668
3669 <p>These questions are too hard for me - I don't use it! In fact I
3670 had hardly any contact with I.T. until long after I'd got out of the
3671 education system.</p>
3672
3673 <p>I can tell you the advantages of Debian for me though: it soaks up
3674 as much of my free time as I want and no more, and lets me do
3675 everything I want a computer for without ever forcing me to spend
3676 money on the latest hardware.</p>
3677
3678 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
3679
3680 <p>I've been using Debian since Rex; popularity-contest says the
3681 software that I use most is xinit, xterm, and xulrunner (in other
3682 words, I use a distinctly retro sort of desktop).</p>
3683
3684 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
3685 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
3686
3687 <p>Well, I don't know. I suppose I'd be inclined to try reasoning
3688 with the people who make the decisions, but obviously if that worked
3689 you would hardly need a strategy.</p>
3690
3691 </div>
3692 <div class="tags">
3693
3694
3695 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
3696
3697
3698 </div>
3699 </div>
3700 <div class="padding"></div>
3701
3702 <div class="entry">
3703 <div class="title">
3704 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_the_KDE_menu_is_slow_when__usr__is_NFS_mounted___and_a_workaround.html">Why the KDE menu is slow when /usr/ is NFS mounted - and a workaround</a>
3705 </div>
3706 <div class="date">
3707 6th April 2012
3708 </div>
3709 <div class="body">
3710 <p>Recently I have spent time with
3711 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a> on speeding
3712 up a <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
3713 Lenny installation using LTSP diskless workstations, and in the
3714 process I discovered something very surprising. The reason the KDE
3715 menu was responding slow when using it for the first time, was mostly
3716 due to the way KDE find application icons. I discovered that showing
3717 the Multimedia menu would cause more than 20 000 IP packages to be
3718 passed between the LTSP client and the NFS server. Most of these were
3719
3720 NFS LOOKUP calls, resulting in a NFS3ERR_NOENT response. Because the
3721 ping times between the client and the server were in the range 2-20
3722 ms, the menus would be very slow. Looking at the strace of kicker in
3723 Lenny (or plasma-desktop i Squeeze - same problem there), I see that
3724 the source of these NFS calls are access(2) system calls for
3725 non-existing files. KDE can do hundreds of access(2) calls to find
3726 one icon file. In my example, just finding the mplayer icon required
3727 around 230 access(2) calls.</p>
3728
3729 <p>The KDE code seem to search for icons using a list of icon
3730 directories, and the list of possible directories is large. In
3731 (almost) each directory, it look for files ending in .png, .svgz, .svg
3732 and .xpm. The result is a very slow KDE menu when /usr/ is NFS
3733 mounted. Showing a single sub menu may result in thousands of NFS
3734 requests. I am not the first one to discover this. I found a
3735 <a href="https://bugs.kde.org/show_bug.cgi?id=211416">KDE bug report
3736 from 2009</a> about this problem, and it is still unsolved.</p>
3737
3738 <p>My solution to speed up the KDE menu was to create a package
3739 kde-icon-cache that upon installation will look at all .desktop files
3740 used to generate the KDE menu, find their icons, search the icon paths
3741 for the file that KDE will end up finding at run time, and copying the
3742 icon file to /var/lib/kde-icon-cache/. Finally, I add symlinks to
3743 these icon files in one of the first directories where KDE will look
3744 for them. This cut down the number of file accesses required to find
3745 one icon from several hundred to less than 5, and make the KDE menu
3746 almost instantaneous. I'm not quite sure where to make the package
3747 publicly available, so for now it is only available on request.</p>
3748
3749 <p>The bug report mention that this do not only affect the KDE menu
3750 and icon handling, but also the login process. Not quite sure how to
3751 speed up that part without replacing NFS with for example NBD, and
3752 that is not really an option at the moment.</p>
3753
3754 <p>If you got feedback on this issue, please let us know on debian-edu
3755 (at) lists.debian.org.</p>
3756
3757 </div>
3758 <div class="tags">
3759
3760
3761 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3762
3763
3764 </div>
3765 </div>
3766 <div class="padding"></div>
3767
3768 <div class="entry">
3769 <div class="title">
3770 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_in_the_Linux_Weekly_News.html">Debian Edu in the Linux Weekly News</a>
3771 </div>
3772 <div class="date">
3773 5th April 2012
3774 </div>
3775 <div class="body">
3776 <p>About two weeks ago, I was interviewed via email about
3777 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a> by
3778 Bruce Byfield in Linux Weekly News. The result was made public for
3779 non-subscribers today. I am pleased to see liked our Linux solution
3780 for schools. Check out his article
3781 <a href="https://lwn.net/Articles/488805/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux: A
3782 distribution for education</a> if you want to learn more.</p>
3783
3784 </div>
3785 <div class="tags">
3786
3787
3788 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3789
3790
3791 </div>
3792 </div>
3793 <div class="padding"></div>
3794
3795 <div class="entry">
3796 <div class="title">
3797 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Wolfgang_Schweer.html">Debian Edu interview: Wolfgang Schweer</a>
3798 </div>
3799 <div class="date">
3800 1st April 2012
3801 </div>
3802 <div class="body">
3803 <p>Germany is a core area for the
3804 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
3805 user community, and this time I managed to get hold of Wolfgang
3806 Schweer, a valuable contributor to the project from Germany.
3807
3808 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
3809
3810 <p>I've studied Mathematics at the university 'Ruhr-Universität' in
3811 Bochum, Germany. Since 1981 I'm working as a teacher at the school
3812 "<a href="http://www.westfalenkolleg-dortmund.de/">Westfalen-Kolleg
3813 Dortmund</a>", a second chance school. Here, young adults is given
3814 the opportunity to get further education in order to do the school
3815 examination 'Abitur', which will allow to study at a university. This
3816 second chance is of value for those who want a better job perspective
3817 or failed to get a higher school examination being teens.</p>
3818
3819 <p>Besides teaching I was involved in developing online courses for a
3820 blended learning project called 'abitur-online.nrw' and in some other
3821 information technology related projects. For about ten years I've been
3822 teacher and coordinator for the 'abitur-online' project at my
3823 school. Being now in my early sixties, I've decided to leave school at
3824 the end of April this year.</p>
3825
3826 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
3827 project?</strong></p>
3828
3829 <p>The first information about Skolelinux must have come to my
3830 attention years ago and somehow related to LTSP (Linux Terminal Server
3831 Project). At school, we had set up a network at the beginning of 1997
3832 using Suse Linux on the desktop, replacing a Novell network. Since
3833 2002, we used old machines from the city council of Dortmund as thin
3834 clients (LTSP, later Ubuntu/Lessdisks) cause new hardware was out of
3835 reach. At home I'm using Debian since years and - subscribed to the
3836 Debian news letter - heard from time to time about Skolelinux. About
3837 two years ago I proposed to replace the (somehow undocumented and only
3838 known to me) system at school by a well known Debian based system:
3839 Skolelinux.</p>
3840
3841 <p>Students and teachers appreciated the new system because of a
3842 better look and feel and an enhanced access to local media on thin
3843 clients. The possibility to alter and/or reset passwords using a GUI
3844 was welcomed, too. Being able to do administrative tasks using a GUI
3845 and to easily set up workstations using PXE was of very high value for
3846 the admin teachers.</p>
3847
3848 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3849 Edu?</strong></p>
3850
3851 <p>It's open source, easy to set up, stable and flexible due to it's
3852 Debian base. It integrates LTSP out-of-the-box. And it is documented!
3853 So it was a perfect choice.</p>
3854
3855 <p>Being open source, there are no license problems and so it's
3856 possible to point teachers and students to programs like
3857 OpenOffice.org, ViewYourMind (mind mapping) and The Gimp. It's of
3858 high value to be able to adapt parts of the system to special needs of
3859 a school and to choose where to get support for this.</p>
3860
3861 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3862 Edu?</strong></p>
3863
3864 <p>Nothing yet.</p>
3865
3866 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
3867
3868 <p>At home (Debian Sid with Gnome Desktop): Iceweasel, LibreOffice,
3869 Mutt, Gedit, Document Viewer, Midnight Commander, flpsed (PDF
3870 Annotator). At school (Skolelinux Lenny): Iceweasel, Gedit,
3871 LibreOffice.</p>
3872
3873 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
3874 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
3875
3876 <p>Some time ago I thought it was enough to tell people about it. But
3877 that doesn't seem to work quite well. Now I concentrate on those more
3878 interested and hope to get multiplicators that way.</p>
3879
3880 </div>
3881 <div class="tags">
3882
3883
3884 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
3885
3886
3887 </div>
3888 </div>
3889 <div class="padding"></div>
3890
3891 <div class="entry">
3892 <div class="title">
3893 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html">Linux-skoler har høyere PC-tetthet enn landsgjennomsnittet - pressemelding fra FRiSK</a>
3894 </div>
3895 <div class="date">
3896 30th March 2012
3897 </div>
3898 <div class="body">
3899 <p>I dag har <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no">FRiSK</a>
3900 sendt ut følgende pressemelding basert på mine beregninger av
3901 PC-tetthet på Linux-skoler:</p>
3902
3903 <p><strong>Linux-skoler har høyere PC-tetthet enn
3904 landsgjennomsnittet</strong></p>
3905
3906 <p>Oslo, 30 Mars 2012</p>
3907
3908 <p>Det er store forskjeller på skolenes digitale tilstand, viser
3909 undersøkelsen Monitor 2011 som er laget på oppdrag fra
3910 Kunnskapsdepartementet. Dette har ført til debatt om PC-tilgangen i
3911 skolen, og om de med Linux i skolen gjør det bedre bedre eller
3912 dårligere enn snittet i landet.</p>
3913
3914 <p>Nå har vi tallene. Skoler med Linux har 36% større PC-tetthet en
3915 landsgjennomsnittet. På spørsmål hvorfor skoler med Linux har større
3916 PC-tetthet, observerer Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken som er IKT-konsulent i
3917 Nord-Odal:</p>
3918
3919 <p><blockquote>"Vi erfarer at klienter med Skolelinux har god funksjon
3920 til de er 8 til 10 år gamle. Dette er omtrent dobbelt så lenge som
3921 andre løsninger, og skolene får mer datautstyr for
3922 pengene."</blockquote></p>
3923
3924 <p>Undersøkelsen baserer seg på 56 skoler som har gjort det offentlig
3925 at de kjører Skolelinux eller annen Linux-utgave. De kan også ha PC-er
3926 med Windows i skolenettet. Når en sammenligner PC-tetthetene på
3927 skolene i kommunene Flora, Harstad, Kongsvinger, Narvik, Nittedal,
3928 Nord-Odal og Randaberg, er det i snitt 2,28 elev pr. PC på skolene med
3929 Linux. På landsbasis er det 3.11 elev per PC i grunnskolen, i følge
3930 side 95 i Monitor-rapporten for 2011. Målingen viser dermed 36% større
3931 PC-tetthet i skoler med Linux.</p>
3932
3933 <p><strong>Om Skolelinux/Debian Edu</strong></p>
3934
3935 <p>Skolelinux har til hensikt å gi alle barn full tilgang til
3936 skoleaktuelle dataprogram på sitt eget morsmål. Derfor følger det med
3937 godt over 100 skoleaktuelle programmene laget for læring. De fleste
3938 programmene er oversatt til over 50 språk. Elevene skal også kunne
3939 studere alle sider av dataprogrammene. Derfor følger også kildekode
3940 med. Elever med interesse kan lære av eksperter som har laget
3941 systemet. Dette med enkelt programmering i læreprogram som KTurtle,
3942 til profesjonelle verktøy som Qt Creator eller Java.</p>
3943
3944 <p>Skolelinux er laget for sentralisert drift, der alt teknisk
3945 administrasjon av alle skolene kan gjøres sentralt fra kommunehuset
3946 eller sentralt i en region. F.eks. drifter to-tre personer 70.000
3947 skoledatamaskiner på 200 skoler i delstaten Extremadura i
3948 Spania. Etter velykket bruk av Debian Edu i skolen, legger delstaten
3949 over til Debian på 40.000 datamaskiner i administrasjonen. Det er idag
3950 mange selskap som tilbyr profesjonell støtte til innføring og drift i
3951 Norge og verden.</p>
3952
3953 <p><strong>Om FRiSK</strong></p>
3954
3955 <p>Medlemsforeningen Fri Programvare i Skolen organiserer
3956 dugnadsprosjektet som står bak Skolelinux.</p>
3957
3958 <p><strong>Kontaktperson</strong></p>
3959
3960 <p>Knut Yrvin</p>
3961
3962 <p>Leder av Fri Programvare i Skolen (FRISK)</p>
3963
3964 <p>Epost: knuty at skolelinux.no
3965 <br>Mobil: +47 93 479 561</p>
3966
3967 <p><strong>Referanser</strong></p>
3968
3969 <p><ul>
3970
3971 <li><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">http://www.skolelinux.org/</a></li>
3972 <li><a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/</a></li>
3973 <li><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Download">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Download</a></li>
3974 <li><a href="https://www.wis.no/gsi">https://www.wis.no/gsi</a></li>
3975 <li><a href="http://iktsenteret.no/sites/iktsenteret.no/files/attachments/monitor2011.pdf">http://iktsenteret.no/sites/iktsenteret.no/files/attachments/monitor2011.pdf</a></li>
3976 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html</a></li>
3977 <li><a href="https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/linuxiskolen/2012-March/018500.html">https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/linuxiskolen/2012-March/018500.html</a></li>
3978
3979 </ul></p>
3980
3981 </div>
3982 <div class="tags">
3983
3984
3985 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
3986
3987
3988 </div>
3989 </div>
3990 <div class="padding"></div>
3991
3992 <div class="entry">
3993 <div class="title">
3994 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Roy_Arne_Myhre.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Roy-Arne Myhre</a>
3995 </div>
3996 <div class="date">
3997 28th March 2012
3998 </div>
3999 <div class="body">
4000 <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
4001 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi
4002 denne gangen høre fra en IKT-ansvarlig som har brukt Skolelinux i
4003 mange år, og vært storfornøyd med erfaringene så langt.</p>
4004
4005 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
4006
4007 <p>Mitt navn er Roy-Arne Myhre og jeg er 42 år. Jeg er ansatt hos
4008 <a href="http://www.sandskole.no/">Sand skole</a> (Balsfjord kommune)
4009 og har stort sett vært det siden 1990. Jeg er IKT ansvarlig ved
4010 skolen i 40% stilling – 10% undervisning – musikk.</p>
4011
4012 <p>Ved skolen er det ca 100 elever og ca 18 lærere + 4 assistenter i
4013 hele og delte stillinger. Alle lærerne har bærbar PC (dessverre med
4014 Win Vista) – assistenter har tilgang til egne. Vi benytter Fronter i
4015 det daglige arbeidet. Vi har ca 90 elevmaskiner som fungerer til
4016 daglig opp mot Linux server (XFCE) som driftes av
4017 <a href="http://www.bzz.no/">BzzWare AS</a> via nett. Maskinparken
4018 består kun av brukt utstyr for elevene – og noe av dette begynner å
4019 bli vel gammelt selv som halvtykke klienter.</p>
4020
4021 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med
4022 Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
4023
4024 <p>Vi kom første gang i kontakt med Skolelinux rundt 1997. Den gang
4025 var det oppstart-disketter i hver maskin, ikke mulighet for lyd og
4026 video, gamle nettverkskort og mye plundring. Vi hadde en ihuga
4027 forelder med som pådriver, forsker og inspirator for hele opplegget.
4028 Selv ante jeg knapt at Skolelinux fantes, men han var av den
4029 utforskende typen, og fikk både meg og skolelederen i trua på at dette
4030 var ting som kunne fungere. Etter dette har det gått gradvis
4031 framover; flere maskiner er hentet inn gjennom bl.a
4032 <a href="http://www.greentech.no/">Greentech</a> og utrangert utstyr
4033 fra høgskole / Avinor og private givere. Når maskinene ble for trege
4034 for nye Windows-versjoner, sto vi klare til å putte dem i nettverket
4035 vårt. Dette betyr at vi i dag har 1:1 dekning av maskiner på
4036 ungdomstrinnet og bedre enn 1:2 på barnetrinnet. Dette er vi veldig
4037 fornøyd med, og vi kan ikke se for oss hverdagen som ville vært
4038 alternativet ved bruk av Windows med sine lisenser pr. Bruker/maskin.
4039 Da ville vi nok vært tilbake til 1-2 maskiner pr klasserom med de
4040 negative konsekvenser det ville hatt for undervisningsformene våre. Vi
4041 kan ha en hel klasse i prosjektjobbing eller individuell jobbing
4042 samtidig – vi kan avholde tentamen og eksamen uten
4043 logistikkproblemer.</p>
4044
4045 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
4046
4047 Hvor skal jeg begynne... Stabiliteten er et nøkkelord - det bare
4048 virker. Har du først fått en server med Skolelinux opp og gå, så må
4049 det en maskinarefeil eller sabotasje til for å stoppe den. Det at man
4050 kan bruke eldre maskiner som normalt sett ville gått på dynga, er også
4051 glimrende - billig for skoler med dårlig økonomi og bra for miljøet
4052 siden vi gjenbruker utstyr i stedet for å skaffe nytt. Vi ville aldri
4053 hatt mulighet til å operere med det maskinantallet vi har pr i dag
4054 hvis det ikke var for Skolelinux - så tilgjengelighet er et annet
4055 nøkkelord. Et tredje moment er sikkerhet og brukertilgang. Alle
4056 brukerer opererer med egne brukernavn og passord, samt egne
4057 brukerområder som kan tilpasses for både enbrukertilgang og for
4058 samarbeid med andre.
4059
4060 Elever har godt av å se at det finnes andre alternativer enn de som
4061 storindustrien selger på lisensbasis - på den måten trenes de opp til
4062 å se flere muligheter og å foreta valg ut fra flere opsjoner.
4063
4064 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
4065
4066 <p>Ulempene med Skolelinux er nok utbredelsen og mangelen på kjennskap
4067 til dette i skolenorge. De som skal ta økonomiske avgjørelser rynker
4068 på nesen og vil gå for det kjente og «sikre» selv om det koster mye
4069 mer. Man får rett og slett litt hetta av å ikke kunne noe – og unngår
4070 dette for enhver pris.</p>
4071
4072 <p>I tillegg er mye av linux-systemet administrert av tekstkommandoer
4073 og er lite intuitiv/visuell for oss som ikke er «inne i»
4074 kildekodene». Så problemet er nok mye godt at de som
4075 utarbeider/drifter Skolelinux ikke helt klarer å sette seg ned på
4076 skoleadministratorens nivå når det gjelder problemer og
4077 utfordringer. Men dette er nok en utfordring alle administratorer
4078 sliter med uansett OS.</p>
4079
4080 <p>Derfor har vi valgt å støtte oss til BzzWare AS for assistanse i
4081 drifta slik at jeg har kunnet konsentrere meg mer om kabling, skifting
4082 av komponenter, veiledning av lærere og elever, vedlikehold av
4083 skrivere og annen daglig drift.</p>
4084
4085 <p>Elevene mestrer Skolelinux helt fint. Så lenge Internett
4086 (Iceweasel) og Libreoffice (Openoffice) fungerer er 90% av
4087 skolehverdagen velfungerende. I tillegg brukes jo en del av den
4088 pedagogiske programpakken bla. i forhold til matematikk og geografi,
4089 men det er såpass mye bra på nett om dagen, så disse programmene er
4090 mer som krydder å regne.</p>
4091
4092 <p>Jeg skulle ønske neste versjon av Skolelinux kunne komme litt
4093 mindre stappet med programmer, for halvparten blir aldri brukt, eller
4094 fungerer ikke uansett. Hva med et pedagogisk panel av lærere/IKT
4095 ansvarlige som kunne sagt: disse programmene skal være standard, så
4096 får resten være slike man kan legge til ved behov – det kan lett bli
4097 en jungel å bevege seg i.</p>
4098
4099 <p>Jeg ønsker meg også en mer grafisk versjon av
4100 <a href="http://bzz.no/lwat/trac/trac.cgi">Lwat</a> hvor man kan krysse
4101 ut de som f.eks ikke skal ha internett-tilgang en dag pga
4102 eksamen/tentamen, samt en noe enklere brannmurløsning hvor man kan
4103 stenge for en del (få) sider på en enkel måte. Jeg liker godt
4104 Skolelinux sin ideologi om at filteret skal trenes i hodet på eleven –
4105 men av og til skulle jeg ønske at f.eks Facebook og Youtube kunne vært
4106 koblet vekk en periode for å få bedre utnyttelse av tid og
4107 ressurser. Disse to nettstedene er nok mye av årsaken til at mange
4108 lærere holder igjen databruken noe mer enn man kunne ønske.</p>
4109
4110 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
4111
4112 Jeg benytter nesten bare fri programvare til daglig. LibreOffice,
4113 Iceweasel (Firefox), Thunderbird til e-post og Gimp til
4114 bildebehandling. Vi har PHP-Nuke-oppsatt hjemmeside. Det eneste som
4115 jeg ikke har fått helt til enda er videoredigering - her må man vel
4116 innrømme at Mac er hakket over, men da er vi igjen over på å se hva
4117 som egner seg best, og ta valg ut fra det. Folk flest lever i
4118 villfarelsen om at regneark HETER Excel og tekstbehandling HETER
4119 Word. Dette er en misforståelse som jeg bruker mye energi på å
4120 diskutere og "åpne sinn" på Microsoft-slaver. Dessverre er det mange
4121 IKT-ansvarlige som også har låst seg på at det eneste saliggjørende er
4122 Bill G sine produkter.
4123
4124 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
4125 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
4126
4127 <p>For å komme lenger i utbredelsen av Skolelinux tror jeg det må mer
4128 fram i nasjonale medier, samt komme bedre fram hva økonomien i dette
4129 valget vil være – samt mulighetene. Fri programvare er en berikelse og
4130 gjør oss i stand til å utføre arbeidet i skolen uten å måtte legge
4131 igjen tusener på tusener i Bill Gates lomme.. Få ETT nettsted med
4132 forståelig veiledning av installasjon/oppgradering og ETT forum med
4133 konkrete feilrettinger og problemer, så tror jeg vi kunne kommet et
4134 par skritt framover. Ellers tror jeg bare at ildsjelene må fortsette å
4135 skinne – kanskje flere enn oss følger etter på veien.</p>
4136
4137 </div>
4138 <div class="tags">
4139
4140
4141 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4142
4143
4144 </div>
4145 </div>
4146 <div class="padding"></div>
4147
4148 <div class="entry">
4149 <div class="title">
4150 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_screencast__Checking_email_with_kmail_using_Kerberos_authentication.html">Debian Edu screencast: Checking email with kmail using Kerberos authentication</a>
4151 </div>
4152 <div class="date">
4153 25th March 2012
4154 </div>
4155 <div class="body">
4156 <!-- Video HTML based on http://www.diveintohtml5.net/video.html -->
4157
4158 <p>The same Debian Edu developer that did the last screen cast I
4159 published, Wolfgang Schweer, has created a new screen cast showing how
4160 to set up Kmail in Debian Edu Squeze to authenticate using Kerberos,
4161 allowing users to check their local email account without providing
4162 any password. The video is embedded here in quarter size,
4163 and also available from <a href="https://vimeo.com/38601767">vimeo</a>
4164 and download as a
4165 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv">Ogg
4166 Theora</a> file. Check it out below.</p>
4167
4168 <p><video id="kmail-kerberos-movie" width="256" height="184" preload controls>
4169 <source src="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv" type='video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"' />
4170 <p>Download video as
4171 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv">Ogg</a>.</p>
4172 </video></p>
4173
4174 </div>
4175 <div class="tags">
4176
4177
4178 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4179
4180
4181 </div>
4182 </div>
4183 <div class="padding"></div>
4184
4185 <div class="entry">
4186 <div class="title">
4187 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html">Større PC-tetthet i skolen med Skolelinux?</a>
4188 </div>
4189 <div class="date">
4190 19th March 2012
4191 </div>
4192 <div class="body">
4193 <p>Den siste uka har det vært en del skriverier om hvor store
4194 forskjeller det er mellom skolene når det gjelder digital kompetanse.
4195 Et eksempel er
4196 <a href="http://www.digi.no/891660/bekymret-for-it-i-skolen">oppslaget
4197 i Digi</a>. Diskusjonen fikk meg til å bli litt nysgjerrig på om
4198 Linux-skoler har større PC-tettet enn snittet i landet. Grunnlaget
4199 for diskusjonen har vært undersøkelsen
4200 <a href="https://iktsenteret.no/ressurser/monitor-2011-skolens-digitale-tilstand">Monitor
4201 2011</a>, som bruker informasjon fra
4202 <a href="https://www.wis.no/gsi">Grunnskolens Informasjonssystem</a>
4203 (GSI). GSI-data kan lastes ned fra web og jeg lastet ned en Excel-fil
4204 (intet åpen standard-valg tilgjengelig) med navn på alle skoler,
4205 hvilke kommune de befinner seg i og hvor mange elever pr. elev-PC de
4206 har rapportert inn. For å få en ide om svaret trenger jeg deretter å
4207 vite hvilke skoler i landet som bruker Linux, slik at jeg kan slå dem
4208 opp i GSI og finne ut hvor stor PC-tetthet de har.</p>
4209
4210 <p>Jeg vet om skoler i Balsfjord, Flora, Harstad, Kongsvinger, Narvik,
4211 Nittedal, Nord-Odal, Randaberg og Sunndal som bruker Skolelinux eller
4212 andre Linux-varianter. Jeg tror det er flere enn de 56 skolene jeg
4213 har klart å identifisere de siste dagene, men har ikke klart å få det
4214 bekreftet med offentlige kilder.</p>
4215
4216 <p>Monitor 2011-rapporteres side 95 forteller at det "ifølge GSI
4217 (20120-2011) er det 3,11 elever per datamaskin når vi tar med alle
4218 grunnskoler (1.-10.trinn)". For de 56 Linux-skolene jeg har klart å
4219 koble mot informasjon i GSI er det 2,28 elever per elevdatamaskin,
4220 hvilket betyr at det er 36% høyere PC-tetthet på Linux-skoler enn
4221 landsgjennomsnittet. Linux-skolen med høyest tettet blant de jeg har
4222 notert -skole er Flora ungdomsskule i Flora kommune med 0.82 elev
4223 pr. PC (482 elever, 588 elevdatamaskiner).</p>
4224
4225 <p>Skolelinux gir datamaskiner lengre levetid, og en kan dermed få
4226 flere operative datamaskiner for samme budsjett, i tillegg til en
4227 rekke andre fordeler. Kan det være forklaringen på forskjellen?</p>
4228
4229 <p>Tallene må tas med en liten klype, da GSI ser ut til å ha endel
4230 feilføringer. Jeg synes i hvert fall en skole med 423 elever og 9
4231 elevmaskiner ser mistenkelig ut. Eller en skole med 346 elever, 0
4232 elevmaskiner, som er et annet ekstremt eksempel jeg fant.</p>
4233
4234 <p>Takk til Sturle Sunde, Klaus Ade Johnstad, Ole-Anders Andreassen og
4235 Trond Mæhlum for innspill om skoler med Linux.</p>
4236
4237 </div>
4238 <div class="tags">
4239
4240
4241 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4242
4243
4244 </div>
4245 </div>
4246 <div class="padding"></div>
4247
4248 <div class="entry">
4249 <div class="title">
4250 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__John_Ingleby.html">Debian Edu interview: John Ingleby</a>
4251 </div>
4252 <div class="date">
4253 19th March 2012
4254 </div>
4255 <div class="body">
4256 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
4257 users are spread all across the globe. The second inteview after
4258 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">the
4259 Squeeze release</a> was publised is with John Ingleby, a teacher and
4260 long time Linux user in United Kingdom.</p>
4261
4262 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4263
4264 <p>I teach ICT part time at the Rudolf Steiner School in Kings
4265 Langley, near London, UK. Previously I worked as a technical
4266 author/trainer while my children attended the school, and I also
4267 contributed to the Schoolforge UK community with the aim of
4268 encouraging UK schools to adopt free/open source software. Five or six
4269 years ago we had about 50 schools interested in some way, but we
4270 weren't able to convert many of them into sustainable
4271 installations.</p>
4272
4273 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
4274 project?</strong></p>
4275
4276 <p>Skolelinux had two representatives at an early Edubuntu meeting in
4277 London which I attended. However at that time our school network had
4278 just been installed using CentOS, LTSP 4 and GNOME. When LTSP 5 came
4279 along we switched to Edubuntu thin client servers so now we have a
4280 mixed environment which includes Windows PCs and student laptops, as
4281 well as their MacBooks and iPads. However, the proprietary systems
4282 have always been rather problematic, and we never built a GUI for the
4283 LDAP server, so when I discovered Skolelinux is configured for all
4284 these things we decided to try it.</p>
4285
4286 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4287 Edu?</strong></p>
4288
4289 <p>By far the biggest advantage is the Debian Edu community. Apart
4290 from that I have always believed in the same "sustainable computing"
4291 goals that Skolelinux is built on: installing Linux on computers which
4292 would otherwise be thrown away, to provide a reliable, secure and
4293 low-cost IT environment for schools. From my own experience I know
4294 that a part-time person can teach and manage a network of about 25
4295 Linux computers, but it would take much more of my time if we had
4296 proprietary software everywhere.</p>
4297
4298 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4299 Edu?</strong></p>
4300
4301 <p>As a newcomer I'm just finding out who's who in the community and
4302 how you're organised, and what your procedures are for dealing with
4303 various things such as editing manual pages and so-on. The only
4304 English language mailing list seems to be for developers as well as
4305 users, so my inbox needs heavy pruning each day!</p>
4306
4307 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4308
4309 <p>Besides the software already mentioned at school we use Samba,
4310 OpenLDAP, CUPS, Nagios and Dansguardian for the network, and on the
4311 desktops we have LibreOffice, Firefox, GIMP and Inkscape. At home I
4312 use Ubuntu and an Android 4 eePad Transformer (but I'm not sure if
4313 that counts...)</p>
4314
4315 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4316 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4317
4318 <p>That's a tough question! For very many years UK schools installed
4319 and taught only proprietary software, so that at the highest levels
4320 the notion of "computer" means simply "proprietary office
4321 applications". However, schools today are experiencing budget
4322 constraints, and many are having to think hard about upgrading Windows
4323 XP. At the same time, we have students showing teachers how to use
4324 iPads, MacBooks and Android, so the choice of operating system is no
4325 longer quite so automatic. What is more, our government at last
4326 realised that we need people with programming skills, so they're
4327 putting coding back in the curriculum! And it's encouraging that the
4328 first 10,000 Raspberry Pi units sold out in 2 hours.</p>
4329
4330 <p>I don't really know what strategy is going to get UK schools to use
4331 free software, but building an active community of Skolelinux/Debian
4332 Edu users in this country has to be part of it.</p>
4333
4334 </div>
4335 <div class="tags">
4336
4337
4338 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4339
4340
4341 </div>
4342 </div>
4343 <div class="padding"></div>
4344
4345 <div class="entry">
4346 <div class="title">
4347 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Writing_and_translating_documentation_in_Debian_Edu.html">Writing and translating documentation in Debian Edu</a>
4348 </div>
4349 <div class="date">
4350 16th March 2012
4351 </div>
4352 <div class="body">
4353 <p>Documentation in Debian Edu is provided in several languages, and
4354 it is important to make it both easy to contribute and to keep the
4355 translated versions in sync. To do this we have come up with what we
4356 believe is a very efficient work flow.</p>
4357
4358 <ol>
4359
4360 <li>The documentation is written in a
4361 <a href="http://moinmo.in">moinmoin wiki</a> (see for example
4362 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">the
4363 Squeeze release manual</a>) with support for exporting the content as
4364 docbook XML.</li>
4365
4366 <li>This docbook document is given to po4a to extract a gettext style
4367 .pot file with the content, which in turn is used to create .po files
4368 with the translated text.</li>
4369
4370 <li>The .po files are given to translators, and they can always tell
4371 which part of the original wiki document is new or changed. They can
4372 use their normal translation tools like lokalize or poedit to write
4373 the translation. There is even a system in place to handle translated
4374 images.</li>
4375
4376 <li>The translated .po files are combined with the original docbook
4377 XML document using po4a to create a translated docbook document.</li>
4378
4379 <li>The final step is to use all the generated docbook files and
4380 create PDF and HTML version of the original and translated documents.</li>
4381
4382 </ol>
4383
4384 <p>This setup work very well, but have a few issues. The biggest
4385 issue is that <a href="http://moinmo.in/DocBook">the docbook support
4386 we use in moinmoin</a> is not actively maintained. The docbook
4387 support is also buggy, and our build system contain workarounds to
4388 make sure the generated docbook is usable despite these bugs.</p>
4389
4390 <p>If you want to have a look at our setup, it is all there in the
4391 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/debian-edu-doc">debian-edu-doc
4392 package</a>.</p>
4393
4394 </div>
4395 <div class="tags">
4396
4397
4398 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4399
4400
4401 </div>
4402 </div>
4403 <div class="padding"></div>
4404
4405 <div class="entry">
4406 <div class="title">
4407 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/NUUG_presentasjon__Skolelinux___ferdig_oppsatt_skolenettl_sning.html">NUUG-presentasjon: Skolelinux - ferdig oppsatt skolenettløsning</a>
4408 </div>
4409 <div class="date">
4410 13th March 2012
4411 </div>
4412 <div class="body">
4413 <p>I dag presenterte jeg ny versjon av Skolelinux for NUUGs medlemmer.
4414 <a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/mypapers/20120313-skolelinux-squeeze.html">Lysark</a>
4415 er tilgjengelige allerede og
4416 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20120313-skolelinux/">video-opptak</a>
4417 kommer så snart videogruppa til NUUG får publisert den. Jeg kom på
4418 endel punkter om nye ting i Squeeze-utgaven under veis som jeg burde
4419 hatt med, og har sikkert skrevet noe tull på lysarkene som jeg ennå
4420 ikke har oppdaget. Denne presentasjonen ble smurt ihop på veldig kort
4421 tid, og jeg rakk ikke finpusse den. Håper den kan være lærerik
4422 likevel.</p>
4423
4424 </div>
4425 <div class="tags">
4426
4427
4428 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
4429
4430
4431 </div>
4432 </div>
4433 <div class="padding"></div>
4434
4435 <div class="entry">
4436 <div class="title">
4437 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__K_re_Nordby.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Kåre Nordby</a>
4438 </div>
4439 <div class="date">
4440 12th March 2012
4441 </div>
4442 <div class="body">
4443 <p>Første ut i serien med intervjuer av folk i
4444 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet etter at
4445 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">ny
4446 versjon av Skolelinux</a> ble lansert i helga, er nylig valgte
4447 styremedlem i foreningen
4448 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
4449 Skolen</a> (FRiSK) som organiserer
4450 Skolelinux-utviklingen og daglig leder i
4451 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a>, selskapet
4452 prosjektet opprettet som et tilbud til skoler som ønsket en
4453 kommersiell samarbeidsparter. Det bør nevnes at jeg er styremedlem i
4454 Skolelinux Drift AS og styreleder i selskapets hovedeier stiftelsen
4455 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/">SLX Debian Labs</a>
4456 som beskytter verdiene til Skolelinux-prosjektet, og kjenner Kåre den
4457 veien.</p>
4458
4459 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
4460
4461 <p>Jeg har siden januar 2010 vært daglig leder i Skolelinux Drift AS,
4462 som leverer support, installasjon, tilpasning, drift, og opplæring på
4463 Debian Edu / Skolelinux. Fra 2012 er jeg valgt inn som styremedlem i
4464 FRiSK. Min forrige jobb var som KAM i Redpill Linpro (som er en av
4465 eierne i Skolelinux Drift). Før det var jeg daglig leder i et eget 7
4466 manns konsulent selskap som også startet med fri programvare mot
4467 slutten.</p>
4468
4469 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
4470
4471 <p>Jeg hørte om det først når jeg jobbet i Redpill Linpro. Men jeg
4472 har også en datter som går på en friskole, som også bruker Skolelinux.
4473 Som kjent har ikke friskoler de samme økonomiske rammebetingelsene som
4474 offentlige skoler, så for dem var det det absolutt beste alternativet.
4475 De anser også Skolelinux som et stabilt system, som bare går og går (i
4476 motsetning til det lille Windows-baserte nettverket de har på
4477 admin-siden).</p>
4478
4479 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
4480
4481 <p>Sentralisert drift av tynne og diskløse arbeidsstasjoner. Således
4482 lydløse og raskere arbeidsstasjoner som er bedre i klasserommet.
4483 Lengre levetid på PC'er. Store besparelser på maskinvare og drift. Og
4484 så klart fjerning av alle lisenskostnader. Personlig synes jeg også at
4485 mange av programmene er bedre enn alternativene. Men dette er ofte en
4486 smakssak og avhengig om man må ha det man er vant til fra før.</p>
4487
4488 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
4489
4490 <p>For lite kjentskap til løsningen. Noen ganger for dårlig
4491 kompatibilitet med arbeidsstasjoners/bærbare maskiner sine
4492 nettverksdrivere eller skjermkort. Men dette løser vi i skolene ved
4493 standardisering. Ellers er det få, om nesten ingen, av de kjente
4494 maskinvare / infrastruktur leverandørene til fylkes- / kommuner som
4495 tilbyr denne plattformen. Skal dette endre seg så må kommunene selv
4496 sette slike krav til leverandørene.</p>
4497
4498 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
4499
4500 <p>Har brukt OpenOffice.org siden starten (2001 ?), Kun Linux på
4501 desktop siden 2005. Bruker i dag Kubuntu, Libreoffice og ymse annet
4502 programvare til ulik kontorbruk som er lett å installere / teste via
4503 alle programarkivene som finnes.</p>
4504
4505 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
4506 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
4507
4508 <p>Fortsette å presentere flere av de gode eksemplene hvor Debian Edu
4509 / Skolelinux brukes i kommuner og enkeltskoler. Vi må få bedre frem
4510 at det er mulig tilknytte både Windows og Mac klienter på denne
4511 plattformen (selv om det vil øke driftskostnadene). Dette gjøres
4512 mange steder. Spesielt er det mange lærere som ønsker å bruke
4513 Windows/Mac-bærbare, gjerne som sin private PC også. Det er også mulig
4514 for kommunen å integrere med Active Directory i stedet for OpenLDAP
4515 som kommer med ut av boksen (selv om også dette øker kostnadene).
4516 Dette vil muligens bidra til å fjerne noe motstand hos noen
4517 potensielle brukere / driftpersonell for å ta i bruk noe
4518 nytt. Fremveksten av mobile brukere og nettbrett går i vår favør.
4519 Brukerne blir kjent og vant til flere nye operativsystemer /
4520 brukergrensesnitt. Så utviklerfellesskapet bør jobbe videre med å
4521 integrere flere nye klienttyper, som ultra lav-kostklienter og
4522 nettbrett (blant annet fri programvare-alternativet
4523 <a href="http://makeplaylive.com/">Spark</a> med
4524 <a href="http://www.merproject.org/">Mer OS</a> og
4525 <a href="http://plasma-active.org/">KDE Active Plasma</a>).</p>
4526
4527 </div>
4528 <div class="tags">
4529
4530
4531 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4532
4533
4534 </div>
4535 </div>
4536 <div class="padding"></div>
4537
4538 <div class="entry">
4539 <div class="title">
4540 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_Squeeze_is_out_.html">Skolelinux / Debian Edu Squeeze is out!</a>
4541 </div>
4542 <div class="date">
4543 11th March 2012
4544 </div>
4545 <div class="body">
4546 <p>This weekend we finally published the first stable release of
4547 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a> based
4548 on Debian/Squeeze. The full announcement is
4549 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">available</a>
4550 from the project announcement list. Now is a good time to test if it
4551 you have not done so already.</p>
4552
4553 <p>I plan to present the new version at
4554 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20120313-skolelinux/">a NUUG
4555 meeting</a> on tuesday. I look forward to seeing you there if you are
4556 in Oslo, Norway.</p>
4557
4558 </div>
4559 <div class="tags">
4560
4561
4562 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4563
4564
4565 </div>
4566 </div>
4567 <div class="padding"></div>
4568
4569 <div class="entry">
4570 <div class="title">
4571 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Nigel_Barker.html">Debian Edu interview: Nigel Barker</a>
4572 </div>
4573 <div class="date">
4574 9th March 2012
4575 </div>
4576 <div class="body">
4577 <p>Inspired by <a href="http://raphaelhertzog.com/tag/interview/">the
4578 interview series</a> conducted by Raphael, I started a Norwegian
4579 interview series with people involved in the Debian Edu / Skolelinux
4580 community. This was so popular that I believe it is time to move to a
4581 more international audience.</p>
4582
4583 <p>While <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
4584 Skolelinux</a> originated in France and Norway, and have most users in
4585 Europe, there are users all around the globe. One of those far away
4586 from me is Nigel Barker, a long time Debian Edu system administrator
4587 and contributor. It is thanks to him that Debian Edu is adjusted to
4588 work out of the box in Japan. I got him to answer a few questions,
4589 and am happy to share the response with you. :)
4590
4591
4592 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4593
4594 <p>My name is Nigel Barker, and I am British. I am married to Yumiko,
4595 and we have three lovely children, aged 15, 14 and 4(!) I am the IT
4596 Coordinator at Hiroshima International School, Japan. I am also a
4597 teacher, and in fact I spend most of my day teaching Mathematics,
4598 Science, IT, and Chemistry. I was originally a Chemistry teacher, but
4599 I have always had an interest in computers. Another teacher teaches
4600 primary school IT, but apart from that I am the only computer person,
4601 so that means I am the network manager, technician and webmaster,
4602 also, and I help people with their computer problems. I teach python
4603 to beginners in an after-school club. I am way too busy, so I really
4604 appreciate the simplicity of Skolelinux.</p>
4605
4606 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
4607 project?</strong></p>
4608
4609 <p>In around 2004 or 5 I discovered the ltsp project, and set up a
4610 server in the IT lab. I wanted some way to connect it to our central
4611 samba server, which I was also quite poor at configuring. I discovered
4612 Edubuntu when it came out, but it didn't really improve my setup. I
4613 did various desperate searches for things like "school Linux server"
4614 and ended up in a document called "Drift" something or other. Reading
4615 there it became clear that Skolelinux was going to solve all my
4616 problems in one go. I was very excited, but apprehensive, because my
4617 previous attempts to install Debian had ended in failure (I used
4618 Mandrake for everything - ltsp, samba, apache, mail, ns...). I
4619 downloaded a beta version, had some problems, so subscribed to the
4620 Debian Edu list for help. I have remained subscribed ever since, and
4621 my school has run a Skolelinux network since Sarge.</p>
4622
4623 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4624 Edu?</strong></p>
4625
4626 <p>For me the integrated setup. This is not just the server, or the
4627 workstation, or the ltsp. Its all of them, and its all configured
4628 ready to go. I read somewhere in the early documentation that it is
4629 designed to be setup and managed by the Maths or Science teacher, who
4630 doesn't necessarily know much about computers, in a small Norwegian
4631 school. That describes me perfectly if you replace Norway with
4632 Japan.</p>
4633
4634 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4635 Edu?</strong></p>
4636
4637 <p>The desktop is fairly plain. If you compare it with Edubuntu, who
4638 have fun themes for children, or with distributions such as Mint, who
4639 make the desktop beautiful. They create a good impression on people
4640 who don't need to understand how to use any of it, but who might be
4641 important to the school. School administrators or directors, for
4642 instance, or parents. Even kids. Debian itself usually has ugly
4643 default theme settings. It was my dream a few years back that some
4644 kind of integration would allow Edubuntu to do the desktop stuff and
4645 Debian Edu the servers, but now I realise how impossible that is. A
4646 second disadvantage is that if something goes wrong, or you need to
4647 customise something, then suddenly the level of expertise required
4648 multiplies. For example, backup wasn't working properly in Lenny. It
4649 took me ages to learn how to set up my own server to do rsync backups.
4650 I am afraid of anything to do with ldap, but perhaps Gosa will
4651 help.</p>
4652
4653 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4654
4655 <p>Nowadays I only use Debian on my personal computers. I have one for
4656 studio work (I play guitar and write songs), running AV Linux
4657 (customised Debian) a netbook running Squeeze, and a bigger laptop
4658 still running Skolelinux Lenny workstation. I have a Tjener in my
4659 house, that's very useful for the family photos and music. At school
4660 the students only use Skolelinux. (Some teachers and the office still
4661 have windows). So that means we only use free software all day every
4662 day. Open office, The GIMP, Firefox/Iceweasel, VLC and Audacity are
4663 installed on every computer in school, irrespective of OS. We also
4664 have Koha on Debian for the library, and Apache, Moodle, b2evolution
4665 and Etomite on Debian for the www. The firewall is Untangle.</p>
4666
4667 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4668 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4669
4670 <p>Current trends are in our favour. Open source is big in industry,
4671 and ordinary people have heard of it. The spread of Android and the
4672 popularity of Apple have helped to weaken the impression that you have
4673 to have Microsoft on everything. People complain to me much less about
4674 file formats and Word than they did 5 years ago. The Edu aspect is
4675 also a selling point. This is all customised for schools. Where is the
4676 Windows-edu, or the Mac-edu? But of course the main attraction is
4677 budget.The trick is to convince people that the quality is not
4678 compromised when you stop paying and use free software instead. That
4679 is one reason why I say the desktop experience is a weakness. People
4680 are not impressed when their USB drive doesn't work, or their browser
4681 doesn't play flash, for example.</p>
4682
4683 </div>
4684 <div class="tags">
4685
4686
4687 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4688
4689
4690 </div>
4691 </div>
4692 <div class="padding"></div>
4693
4694 <div class="entry">
4695 <div class="title">
4696 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_screencast__Mass_creation_of_user_accounts_in_Squeeze.html">Debian Edu screencast: Mass creation of user accounts in Squeeze</a>
4697 </div>
4698 <div class="date">
4699 7th March 2012
4700 </div>
4701 <div class="body">
4702 <!-- Video HTML based on http://www.diveintohtml5.net/video.html -->
4703
4704 <p>One of the Debian Edu developers, Wolfgang Schweer, just created a
4705 screen cast documenting how to create a lot of new users in LDAP on
4706 Debian Edu Squeeze. The video is embedded here in quarter size, and
4707 also available from <a href="http://vimeo.com/37675399">vimeo</a> and
4708 download as a
4709 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv">Ogg
4710 Theora</a> file. Check it out below.</p>
4711
4712 <p><video id="gosa-mass-user-create-movie" width="256" height="184" preload controls>
4713 <source src="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv" type='video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"' />
4714 <p>Download video as
4715 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv">Ogg</a>.</p>
4716 </video></p>
4717
4718 </div>
4719 <div class="tags">
4720
4721
4722 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4723
4724
4725 </div>
4726 </div>
4727 <div class="padding"></div>
4728
4729 <div class="entry">
4730 <div class="title">
4731 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Third release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
4732 </div>
4733 <div class="date">
4734 4th March 2012
4735 </div>
4736 <div class="body">
4737 <p>This weekend we wrapped up and published the third release
4738 candidate for <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
4739 Skolelinux</a> based on Squeeze. The full announcement is
4740 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00000.html">available</a>
4741 from the project announcement list. Check it out if you
4742 need a software solution for your school.</p>
4743
4744 </div>
4745 <div class="tags">
4746
4747
4748 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4749
4750
4751 </div>
4752 </div>
4753 <div class="padding"></div>
4754
4755 <div class="entry">
4756 <div class="title">
4757 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Stopmotion_for_making_stop_motion_animations_on_Linux___reloaded.html">Stopmotion for making stop motion animations on Linux - reloaded</a>
4758 </div>
4759 <div class="date">
4760 3rd March 2012
4761 </div>
4762 <div class="body">
4763 <p>Many years ago, the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux
4764 / Debian Edu project</a> initiated a student project to create a tool
4765 for making stop motion movies. The proposal came from a teacher
4766 needing such tool on Skolelinux. The project, called "stopmotion",
4767 was manned by two extraordinary students and won a school award and a
4768 national aware with this great project. The project was initiated and
4769 mentored by Herman Robak, and manned by the students Bjørn Erik Nilsen
4770 and Fredrik Berg Kjølstad. They got in touch with people at Aardman
4771 Animation studio and received feedback on how professionals would like
4772 such stopmotion tool to work, and the end result was and is used by
4773 animators around the globe. But as is usual after studying, both got
4774 jobs and went elsewhere, and did not have time to properly tend to the
4775 project, and it has been lingering for a few years now. Until last
4776 year...</p>
4777
4778 <p>Last year some of the users got together with Herman, and moved the
4779 project to Sourceforge and in effect restarted the project under a new
4780 name,
4781 <a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/linuxstopmotion/">linuxstopmotion</a>.
4782 The name change was done to make it possible to find the project using
4783 Internet search engines (try to search for 'stopmotion' to see what I
4784 mean). I've been following
4785 <a href="https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/linuxstopmotion-community">the
4786 mailing list</a> and the improvement already in place and planned for
4787 the future is encouraging. If you want to make stop motion movies.
4788 Check it out. :)</p>
4789
4790 </div>
4791 <div class="tags">
4792
4793
4794 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
4795
4796
4797 </div>
4798 </div>
4799 <div class="padding"></div>
4800
4801 <div class="entry">
4802 <div class="title">
4803 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Frode_Danielsen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Frode Danielsen</a>
4804 </div>
4805 <div class="date">
4806 27th February 2012
4807 </div>
4808 <div class="body">
4809 <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
4810 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet møter vi
4811 denne gangen Frode Danielsen, som er leder for en IT-virksomhet som
4812 passer på IT-løsningen til flere kommuner i Hedmark-området, der noen
4813 av dem bruker Skolelinux i dag.</p>
4814
4815 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
4816
4817 <p>Daglig leder i <a href="http://www.hedmarken-ikt.no/">Hedmark
4818 IKT</a>. En interkommunal IKT-virksomhet for Stange, Nord-Odal,
4819 Kongsvinger, Grue, Løten og Hamar kommuner. Vi er 32 ansatte</p>
4820
4821 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
4822
4823 <p>Vi har vært i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet i flere
4824 sammenhenger, blant annet gjennom et par piloter som ikke har ført til
4825 noe konkret resultat. Nå sist gjennom satsingen på skolelinux i Grue,
4826 Kongsvinger og Nord-Odal.</p>
4827
4828 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong>
4829 <br><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
4830
4831 <p>Jeg tror alle løsninger har fordeler og ulemper, litt avhengig av
4832 hvilket ståsted du selv har, så jeg unnlater å svare på dette.</p>
4833
4834 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
4835
4836 <p>Ingen for min egen del, men vi har noe fri programvare i våre
4837 løsninger.</p>
4838
4839 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
4840 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
4841
4842 <p>Jeg tror ikke man skal ha en slik strategi. Man bør ha en strategi
4843 basert på å løse fremtidige behov, og velge løsninger som støtter opp
4844 under dette.</p>
4845
4846 </div>
4847 <div class="tags">
4848
4849
4850 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4851
4852
4853 </div>
4854 </div>
4855 <div class="padding"></div>
4856
4857 <div class="entry">
4858 <div class="title">
4859 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Second release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
4860 </div>
4861 <div class="date">
4862 27th February 2012
4863 </div>
4864 <div class="body">
4865 <p>This weekend we wrapped up and published the second release
4866 candidate for <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
4867 Skolelinux</a> based on Squeeze. The full announcement did for some
4868 reason not make it the project announcement list, but is
4869 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-devel-announce/2012/02/msg00015.html">available</a>
4870 from the Debian development announcement list. Check it out if you
4871 need a software solution for your school.</p>
4872
4873 </div>
4874 <div class="tags">
4875
4876
4877 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4878
4879
4880 </div>
4881 </div>
4882 <div class="padding"></div>
4883
4884 <div class="entry">
4885 <div class="title">
4886 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Knut_Yrvin.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Knut Yrvin</a>
4887 </div>
4888 <div class="date">
4889 21st February 2012
4890 </div>
4891 <div class="body">
4892 <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
4893 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi nå
4894 høre fra nyvalgt leder i foreningen
4895 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
4896 Skolen</a> og en av stifterne av Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
4897
4898 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
4899
4900 <p>Knut Yrvin her. Jobber i Nokia med å fremme rammeverket Qt og QML
4901 med tilhørende utviklerverktøy. Rollen er som leder av
4902 friprog-samfunn. I fjor var jeg med å legge om utviklingen av Qt til
4903 åpen forvaltning. På den måten kan alle som bidrar til Qt gjøre det
4904 på like vilkår. Nå er det
4905 <a href="http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2011/12/22/qt-5-%E2%80%93-a-look-back-at-the-numbers/">over
4906 1000 utviklere</a> som bidrar til Qt. Med overgangen til åpen
4907 forvaltning er utviklingen av Qt mer åpen enn Linux-kjernen.</p>
4908
4909 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
4910
4911 <p>Jeg var en av initiativtagerne til Skolelinux i 2001. Skolene slet
4912 med både utstyr og Internett-tilgang. De klarte ikke å møte
4913 forventningene til data i skolen. Driften av PC-ene var uholdbar. Som
4914 regel hadde rektor pekt ut en ivrig lærer til å passe på PC-ene,
4915 gjerne naturfaglæreren. Mange lærere jobbet mye ubetalt overtid for å
4916 vedlikeholde 30-40 datamaskiner på hver sin skole. Med 300 elever og
4917 lærere som brukere, blir det fort mye mer arbeid enn de 4-8 timene de
4918 kunne bruke på PC-drift. Skolene hadde kun en femtedel av
4919 IT-budsjettet som ble brukt på PC-ene i rådhuset.</p>
4920
4921 <p>Vi erfarte at skolene hadde mye datautstyr som stod ubrukt. Skolene
4922 manglet penger til Microsoft-lisenser. Selv med solide skolerabatter,
4923 kostet Microsoft-lisensene gjerne like mye som PC-ene i seg selv over
4924 en periode på 5-6 år.</p>
4925
4926 <p>Viktigheten av språklig mangfold og pedagogiske programmer var også
4927 viktig for oss. Vi oversatte mange skoleaktuelle programmer til
4928 nynorsk, nordsamisk og bokmål. Dette lenge før andre tok denne
4929 oppgaven seriøst. Allerede etter ett år hadde vi etablert et helt
4930 arsenal av skoleaktuelle programmer på nynorsk, bokmål og
4931 nordsamisk. Vi spredde vår ide om språklig mangfold til de andre frie
4932 prosjekter internasjonalt. Resultatene ser vi i mange land. Det er de
4933 frie programmene som kommer på brukernes morsmål. Det er en av flere
4934 gode grunner til at fri programvare som LibreOffice, VLC, KDE og
4935 Firefox konkurrerer ut godseid programvare mange steder i verden.</p>
4936
4937 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
4938
4939 <p>Fordelene er at Skolelinux tilbyr over 100 skoleaktuelle programmer
4940 på de norske språkene, uten ett øre i lisenskostnader. Systemet gir
4941 enormt lave driftskostnader med diskløse arbeidsstasjoner og bærbare
4942 med roaming. Skolelinux krever også mindre av maskinvaren.</p>
4943
4944 <p>Man kan fint kjøre systemet med 512 MB RAM på en bærbar PC sammen
4945 med en nettvideo i nettleseren og en presentasjon med
4946 LibreOffice. Konkurrerende system krever fort 2 GB RAM for å få til
4947 noe tilsvarende uten at det går ufattelig tregt. Skal man gjøre noe
4948 nyttig, krever konkurrentene til Linux mye større harddisk. Skoler har
4949 rapportert at de fort har fått 50% flere nye maskiner om de velger
4950 Linux. Dette i tillegg til de årlige besparelsene ved å unngå
4951 lisensbetaling til godseid programvare.</p>
4952
4953 <p>De lave driftskostnadene gjør at delstater i Europa har titusener
4954 av datamaskiner med Skolelinux i skolen. F.eks. er det under ti
4955 personer som drifter 70.000 PC-systemer i skolene i Extremadura i
4956 Spania. Det er slett ikke uvanlig at norske kommuner har 1500-2000
4957 datamaskiner med Skolelinux. Driften tar ett årsverk. Slår flere
4958 kommuner seg sammen, kan de få samme sentraliserte stordriftsfordeler
4959 som delstater i Tyskland og Spania. Delstater som kjører Skolelinux
4960 på alle skolene. Bare noen få personer sentraldrifter titusenvis av
4961 PC-er.</p>
4962
4963 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
4964
4965 <p>Den største ulempen for Skolelinux er motstand mot Linux fra
4966 IT-sjefer i det offentlige. Dette er ledere som holder innlegg som
4967 snytt ut av evangelist-håndboka til Microsoft. Dette gjøres i ett
4968 arbeidsmarked med stor vekst i etterspørselen etter Linux-fagfolk i
4969 privat sektor. Etterspørselen har økt mer enn noe annet tekniske yrke
4970 siste tiåret. Åtte av ti ledere vil ansette Linux-fagfolk i 2012,
4971 rapporterer jobbnettstedet Dice.com på oppdrag av Linux
4972 Foundation.</p>
4973
4974 <p>Det mangler 16.000 ingeniører og IKT-fagfolk i Norge rapporterte
4975 arbeids- og velferdsetaten NAV. Linux-fagfolk kan velge svært
4976 interessante jobber med alt fra apps på ledende mobilsystem laget med
4977 Linux, sky- tjenester eller web-applikasjoner. De raskest voksende
4978 teknologiselskapene i verden er ute etter Linux-fagfolk. Det være seg
4979 Amazon, Google, Facebook og IBM for å nevne noen. Linux er kritisk
4980 for å sikre veksten i markedet. Det sier seg selv at lønningene og
4981 jobbmulighetene er bedre enn for andre tekniske yrker.</p>
4982
4983 <p>Skal man lage apps for mobilen, smart-TV-en eller
4984 underholdningssystemet i bilen eller på flyet, er det Linux som
4985 gjelder. Med en slik konkurranse om Linux-kompetansen, kombinert med
4986 motstanden mot Linux hos mange IT-sjefer i offentlig sektor, så
4987 hindrer kommunene rekruttering av flere Linux- fagfolk. Skolene blir
4988 tvunget til å velge dyrere og mindre komplette IT-system. De har
4989 blitt hengende igjen slik IT var på begynnelsen av 2000- tallet. Dette
4990 fordi IT-ledere ikke har tilpasset seg markedet det siste tiåret.</p>
4991
4992 <p>Når det er sagt, er Skolelinux svært enkelt å lære seg også for de
4993 som ikke kan. Det viser alle lærerne som drifter systemet for
4994 hundrevis og tusenvis av systemer. Det meste er på plass rett ut av
4995 boksen. I tillegg er det solid med dokumentasjon med god hjelp på
4996 nettet. Det er mange kommuner som har ansatt en lærer som først lærte
4997 Skolelinux på sin skole, for så å drifte alle PC-ene i kommunen med
4998 Skolelinux. Det kan fort være snakk om 1000-3000 datamaskiner på 10-15
4999 skoler som sentraldriftes med en stilling. Står man ordentlig fast,
5000 kan man også kjøpe profesjonell hjelp fra selskap som støtter
5001 Skolelinux. Det er flere slike selskap i Norge og i utlandet.</p>
5002
5003 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
5004
5005 <p>Qt SDK, LibreOffice, Firefox, VLC og KDE-skrivebordet. Dette på et
5006 Debian-basert GNU/Linux-system. Jeg bruker også noen morsomme
5007 3D-spill. Idag kan jeg velge mellom over 30.000 Linux-programmer. Det
5008 finnes ikke tid i livet å undersøke alle valgmulighetene. Derfor er
5009 det bra med Skolelinux i skolen, da utvalget av programmer er
5010 begrenset til hva som er aktuelt i skolefagene.</p>
5011
5012 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
5013 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
5014
5015 <p>Vi må selge hele Skolelinux forhåndsinstallert på maskinvare i hele
5016 pakker med 50-100-1000 PC-klienter med servere. Dette kan selges til
5017 enkeltskoler eller hele kommuner. Pakken må inneholde tjenermaskiner,
5018 svært rimelige diskløse arbeidsstasjoner, nettbrett med Plasma Active,
5019 og bærbare med roaming. Alt er godt testet med Debian. I et slikt
5020 anbud er det mulig å legge til sentraliserte drifts- og
5021 støttetjenester.</p>
5022
5023 <p>Man bør også selge sky-tjenester som læreadministrative systemet
5024 Moodle og driftsovervåking. I tillegg så bør man slenge seg på med
5025 presentasjoner de gangene LibreOffice og andre friprog-produkter
5026 selges til kommuner.</p>
5027
5028 </div>
5029 <div class="tags">
5030
5031
5032 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5033
5034
5035 </div>
5036 </div>
5037 <div class="padding"></div>
5038
5039 <div class="entry">
5040 <div class="title">
5041 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">First release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
5042 </div>
5043 <div class="date">
5044 19th February 2012
5045 </div>
5046 <div class="body">
5047 <p>One week delayed due to DVD build problems, we managed today to
5048 wrap up and publish the first release candidate for
5049 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
5050 on Squeeze. The full announcement is
5051 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/02/msg00001.html">available</a>
5052 on the project announcement list. Check it out if you need a software
5053 solution for your school.</p>
5054
5055 </div>
5056 <div class="tags">
5057
5058
5059 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5060
5061
5062 </div>
5063 </div>
5064 <div class="padding"></div>
5065
5066 <div class="entry">
5067 <div class="title">
5068 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Olav_Dahlum.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Olav Dahlum</a>
5069 </div>
5070 <div class="date">
5071 18th February 2012
5072 </div>
5073 <div class="body">
5074 <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
5075 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi nå
5076 høre fra et nyvalgt medlem i foreningen
5077 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
5078 Skolen</a>.</p>
5079
5080 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
5081
5082 <p>Jeg heter Olav Dahlum, og er frilans oversetter, tester,
5083 prosjektleder og bruker av fri og åpen programvare som
5084 LibreOffice. Jeg er også et av styremedlemmene i FRISK.</p>
5085
5086 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
5087
5088 <p>Jeg kom i kontakt med prosjektet i 2009, da jeg ble ansatt i
5089 stiftelsen Åpne kontorprogram på norsk for å oversette og teste den
5090 norske utgaven av OpenOffice.org. Arbeidet har hele tiden vært
5091 koordinert sammen med Skolelinux, og mange av de samme menneskene er
5092 involvert, så på den måten ble jeg en del av den utvidede
5093 familien.</p>
5094
5095 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5096
5097 <p>Skolelinux handler i likhet med utdanningssektoren om å dele
5098 kunnskap med andre, og det er dette som er hovedstyrken til
5099 prosjektet. Selv om Skolelinux hovedsaklig er involvert i utvikling
5100 av programvare, er det også et sted der man kan utfolde seg uavhengig
5101 av bakgrunn og ferdigheter.</p>
5102
5103 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5104
5105 <p>Liten utbredelse og manglende støtte fra leverandører som leverer
5106 pedagogisk programvare til skolebruk. Kunne kanskje hatt flere
5107 verktøy som letter administrasjonen ytterligere, slik at også mindre
5108 erfarne databrukere kan utføre lett vedlikehold og rutinejobber.</p>
5109
5110 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
5111
5112 <p>Jeg er nesten forpliktet til å si at jeg bruker LibreOffice... Jeg
5113 bruker forøvrig frie og åpne operativsystemer basert på
5114 operativsystemkjernen Linux, for tiden openSUSE 12,1 med KDE4. Men
5115 hvis jeg skal dra fram noen flere eksempler så er nok Mozilla Firefox
5116 og Thunderbird to av de jeg bruker mest. I tillegg er jeg en flittig
5117 bruker av OpenSSH, Irssi, Midnight Commander, Git, Subversion,
5118 Translation Toolkit og Super Maryo Chronicles (litt gøy skal man ha,
5119 og med to håndkontroller liggende er det ikke til å unngå).</p>
5120
5121 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
5122 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
5123
5124 <p>Vi må få leverandører av pedagogisk programvare med på laget, men
5125 også utvikle vår egen tilpasset det norske markedet. Det er også
5126 mulig å involvere utdanningssektoren direkte i arbeidet, for eksempel
5127 gjennom studentprosjekter der elevene selv er med å utforme
5128 programvare direkte eller indirekte gjennom aktive bidrag. Dette gjør
5129 ikke bare samarbeidet tettere, men fokuset på standarder og friheten
5130 til å velge sin egen løsning vil kanskje stimulere interessen for
5131 framtidig deltakelse i bransjen. Vi som driver med fri og åpen
5132 programvare ønsker oss ikke rene konsumenter, men tenkende og
5133 selvstendige individer som kan være med å skape sin egen fremtid.</p>
5134
5135 </div>
5136 <div class="tags">
5137
5138
5139 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5140
5141
5142 </div>
5143 </div>
5144 <div class="padding"></div>
5145
5146 <div class="entry">
5147 <div class="title">
5148 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_proxy_configuration_with_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux.html">Automatic proxy configuration with Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
5149 </div>
5150 <div class="date">
5151 13th February 2012
5152 </div>
5153 <div class="body">
5154 <p>New in the Squeeze version of
5155 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> is the
5156 ability for clients to automatically configure their proxy settings
5157 based on their environment. We want all systems on the client to use
5158 the WPAD based proxy definition fetched from <tt>http://wpad/wpad.dat</tt>, to
5159 allow sites to control the proxy setting from a central place and make
5160 sure clients do not have hard coded proxy settings. The schools can
5161 change the global proxy setting by editing
5162 <tt>tjener:/etc/debian-edu/www/wpad.dat</tt> and the change propagate
5163 to all Debian Edu clients in the network.</p>
5164
5165 <p>The problem is that some systems do not understand the WPAD system.
5166 In other words, how do one get from a WPAD file like this (this is a
5167 simple one, they can run arbitrary code):</p>
5168
5169 <blockquote><pre>
5170 function FindProxyForURL(url, host)
5171 {
5172 if (!isResolvable(host) ||
5173 isPlainHostName(host) ||
5174 dnsDomainIs(host, ".intern"))
5175 return "DIRECT";
5176 else
5177 return "PROXY webcache:3128; DIRECT";
5178 }
5179 </pre></blockquote>
5180
5181 <p>to a proxy setting in the process environment looking like this:</p>
5182
5183 <blockquote><pre>
5184 http_proxy=http://webcache:3128/
5185 ftp_proxy=http://webcache:3128/
5186 </pre></blockquote>
5187
5188 <p>To do this conversion I developed a perl script that will execute
5189 the javascript fragment in the WPAD file and return the proxy that
5190 would be used for
5191 <tt><a href="http://www.debian.org/">http://www.debian.org/</a></tt>,
5192 and insert this extracted proxy URL in <tt>/etc/environment</tt> and
5193 <tt>/etc/apt/apt.conf</tt>. The perl script wpad-extract work just
5194 fine in Squeeze, but in Wheezy the library it need to run the
5195 javascript code is <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/631045">no longer
5196 able to build</a> because the C library it depended on is now a C++
5197 library. I hope someone find a solution to that problem before Wheezy
5198 is frozen. An alternative would be for us to rewrite wpad-extract to
5199 use some other javascript library currently working in Wheezy, but no
5200 known alternative is known at the moment.</p>
5201
5202 <p>This automatic proxy system allow the roaming workstation (aka
5203 laptop) setup in Debian Edu/Squeeze to use the proxy when the laptop
5204 is connected to the backbone network in a Debian Edu setup, and to
5205 automatically use any proxy present and announced using the WPAD
5206 feature when it is connected to other networks. And if no proxy is
5207 announced, direct connections will be used instead.</p>
5208
5209 <p>Silently using a proxy announced on the network might be a privacy
5210 or security problem. But those controlling DHCP and DNS on a network
5211 could just as easily set up a transparent proxy, and force all HTTP
5212 and FTP connections to use a proxy anyway, so I consider that
5213 distinction to be academic. If you are afraid of using the wrong
5214 proxy, you should avoid connecting to the network in question in the
5215 first place. In Debian Edu, the proxy setup is updated using dhcp and
5216 ifupdown hooks, to make sure the configuration is updated every time
5217 the network setup changes.</p>
5218
5219 <p>The WPAD system is documented in a
5220 <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-wrec-wpad-01">IETF
5221 draft</a> and a
5222 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_Proxy_Autodiscovery_Protocol">Wikipedia
5223 page</a> for those that want to learn more.</p>
5224
5225 </div>
5226 <div class="tags">
5227
5228
5229 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5230
5231
5232 </div>
5233 </div>
5234 <div class="padding"></div>
5235
5236 <div class="entry">
5237 <div class="title">
5238 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Axel_Bojer.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Axel Bojer</a>
5239 </div>
5240 <div class="date">
5241 7th February 2012
5242 </div>
5243 <div class="body">
5244 <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
5245 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet har jeg
5246 fått en av oversetterne som har vært med siden starten i tale.</p>
5247
5248 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
5249
5250 <p>Jeg heter Axel Bojer og er datalærer, tysklærer, oversetter med
5251 mere.</p>
5252
5253 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
5254
5255 <p>Tror jeg så en annonsering på nettet i slutten av 2001 og ville
5256 være med som oversetter. Jeg kom med på en utviklersamling og
5257 prosjektet var da helt i starten. Det var spennende å være med mens
5258 prosjektet vokste til og utviklet seg.</p>
5259
5260 <p>Jeg har «alltid» vært språkinteressert og hadde nettopp startet med
5261 Linux og tror jeg tenkte det passet å bidra. Var også glad for å få
5262 en Debian-distribusjon, og ville gjerne bruke den selv. Til å begynne
5263 med brukte jeg først Mandrake og så Debian. Og siden jeg oppdaget at
5264 det ikke var noen mulighet for å bruke den som enkeltstående i lang
5265 tid, så gikk jeg etterhvert over til Kubuntu</p>
5266
5267 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5268
5269 <p>Løsningen er forholdsvis lett å sette opp, gratis, fri programvare
5270 og gjør det mulig å gjenbruke eldre maskiner. Det fine med Debian er
5271 at det er stabilt og har en veldig stor mengde programmer. Jeg liker
5272 også apt. :-) Jeg liker også friheten ved Linux og muligheten til å
5273 delta og forme sin egen datahverdag.</p>
5274
5275 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5276
5277 <p>Skolelinux er for lite kjent og for sent ute med å gi ut nye
5278 versjoner.</p>
5279
5280 <p>Da jeg selv i hovedsak bruker Kubuntu, så kan jeg egentlig ikke
5281 svare så detaljert rundt ulempene med Skolelinux. Hovedårsaken til at
5282 jeg bruker Kubuntu er nok at da vi begynte med det mener jeg det ikke
5283 var noen annen løsning. «Vandrende arbeidsstasjon» mener jeg ikke
5284 fantes da. Dessuten ville jeg ha siste versjon, da den KDE-versjonen
5285 som var i Skolelinux den gangen var en god del enklere (tror det var
5286 KDE 2) var dårligere i mine øyne enn versjon 3.</p>
5287
5288 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
5289
5290 <p>Jeg bruker blant annet Kubuntu, LibreOffice, Thunderbird, Firefox,
5291 Kate, <a href="http://comix.sourceforge.net/">Comix</a> og Konsole. Og
5292 en hel haug andre ved behov :-)</p>
5293
5294 <p>Har oversatt Comix selv, men det er jo ikke skjedd noe med Comix
5295 siden 2009, så den er det nok bare jeg som har. Om andre vil ha den
5296 gir jeg den gjerne videre. Ser at noen har startet på
5297 <a href="http://mcomix.sourceforge.net/">MComix</a> siden jeg så på så
5298 på dette sist, så nå er jeg igang med å teste og oversette den
5299 også.</p>
5300
5301 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
5302 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
5303
5304 <p>Det viktigste er å forankre beslutningen i kollegiet og med de som
5305 er ansvarlige for å vedlikeholde og bruke datamaskinene. Flest mulig
5306 bør være med på å holde det (sosialt) vedlike, kjenne og støtte
5307 prinsippene. Som enkeltmannsprosjekt blir det lett veldig sårbart,
5308 særlig når (Skole)linux ennå i stor grad er en motkultur og ikke noe
5309 en stor nok andel av beslutningstakere, brukere osv kjenner til og
5310 bruker.</p>
5311
5312 <p>Jeg tror det viktigste er å fortsette å holde fri programvare godt,
5313 oppdatert, minimere antall feil, ha en god kontakt med brukerne og
5314 attraktivt og spennende programmer. Beholde alt som er bra og ha det
5315 tilgjengelig samtidig som man tilbyr det nyeste og rareste for de som
5316 vil ha det.</p>
5317
5318 </div>
5319 <div class="tags">
5320
5321
5322 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5323
5324
5325 </div>
5326 </div>
5327 <div class="padding"></div>
5328
5329 <div class="entry">
5330 <div class="title">
5331 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Saving_power_with_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_using_shutdown_at_night.html">Saving power with Debian Edu / Skolelinux using shutdown-at-night</a>
5332 </div>
5333 <div class="date">
5334 5th February 2012
5335 </div>
5336 <div class="body">
5337 <p>Since the Lenny version of
5338 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>, a
5339 feature to save power have been included. It is as simple as it is
5340 practical: Shut down unused clients at night, and turn them on again
5341 in the morning. This is done using the
5342 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/shutdown-at-night.html">shutdown-at-night</a> Debian package.</p>
5343
5344 <p>To enable this feature on a client, the machine need to be added to
5345 the netgroup shutdown-at-night-hosts. For Debian Edu, this is done in
5346 LDAP, and once this is in place, the machine in question will check
5347 every hour from 16:00 until 06:00 to see if the machine is unused, and
5348 shut it down if it is. If the hardware in question is supported by
5349 the
5350 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/n/nvram-wakeup.html">nvram-wakeup</a>
5351 package, the BIOS is told to turn the machine back on around 07:00 +-
5352 10 minutes. If this isn't working, one can configure wake-on-lan to
5353 try to turn on the client. The wake-on-lan option is only documented
5354 and not enabled by default in Debian Edu.</p>
5355
5356 <p>It is important to not turn all machines on at once, as this can
5357 blow a fuse if several computers are connected to the same fuse like
5358 the common setup for a classroom. The nvram-wakeup method only work
5359 for machines with a functioning hardware/BIOS clock. I've seen old
5360 machines where the BIOS battery were dead and the hardware clock were
5361 starting from 0 (or was it 1990?) every boot. If you have one of
5362 those, you have to turn on the computer manually.</p>
5363
5364 <p>The shutdown-at-night package is completely self contained, and can
5365 also be used outside the Debian Edu environment. For those without a
5366 central LDAP server with netgroups, one can instead touch the file
5367 <tt>/etc/shutdown-at-night/shutdown-at-night</tt> to enable it.
5368 Perhaps you too can use it to save some power?</p>
5369
5370 </div>
5371 <div class="tags">
5372
5373
5374 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5375
5376
5377 </div>
5378 </div>
5379 <div class="padding"></div>
5380
5381 <div class="entry">
5382 <div class="title">
5383 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_beta_version_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Third beta version of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
5384 </div>
5385 <div class="date">
5386 4th February 2012
5387 </div>
5388 <div class="body">
5389 <p>I am happy to announce that finally we managed today to wrap up and
5390 publish the third beta version of
5391 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
5392 on Squeeze. If you want to test a LDAP backed Kerberos server with
5393 out of the box PXE configuration for running diskless machines and
5394 installing new machines, check it out. If you need a software
5395 solution for your school, check it out too. The full announcement is
5396 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/02/msg00000.html">available</a>
5397 on the project announcement list.</p>
5398
5399 <p>I am very happy to report these changes and improvements since
5400 beta2 (there are more, see announcement for full list):</p>
5401
5402 <ul>
5403
5404 <li>It is now possible to change the pre-configured IP subnet from
5405 10.0.0.0/8 to something else by using the subnet-change tool after
5406 the installation.</li>
5407
5408 <li>Too full partitions are now automatically extended on the Main
5409 Server, based on the rules specified in /etc/fsautoresizetab.</li>
5410
5411 <li>The CUPS queues are now automatically flushed every night, and all
5412 disabled queues are restarted every hour. This should cut down on
5413 the amount of manual administration needed for printers.</li>
5414
5415 <li>The set of initial users have been changed. Now a personal user
5416 for the local system administrator is created during installation
5417 instead of the previously created localadmin and super-admin users,
5418 and this user is granted administrative privileges using group
5419 membership. This reduces the number of passwords one need to keep
5420 up to date on the system.</li>
5421
5422 </ul>
5423
5424 <p>The new main server seem to work so well that I am testing it as my
5425 private DNS/LDAP/Kerberos/PXE/LTSP server at home. I will use it look
5426 for issues we could fix to polish Debian Edu even further before the
5427 final Squeeze release is published.</p>
5428
5429 <p>Next weekend the project organise a
5430 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/01/msg00001.html">developer
5431 gathering</a> in Oslo. We will continue the work on the Squeeze
5432 version, and start initial planning for the Wheezy version. Perhaps I
5433 will see you there?</p>
5434
5435 </div>
5436 <div class="tags">
5437
5438
5439 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5440
5441
5442 </div>
5443 </div>
5444 <div class="padding"></div>
5445
5446 <div class="entry">
5447 <div class="title">
5448 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Handling_non_free_firmware_in_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Handling non-free firmware in Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
5449 </div>
5450 <div class="date">
5451 27th January 2012
5452 </div>
5453 <div class="body">
5454 <p>With some computer hardware, one need non-free firmware blobs.
5455 This is the sad fact of todays computers. In the next version of
5456 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
5457 on Squeeze, we provide several scripts and modifications to make
5458 firmware blobs easier to handle. The common use case I run into is a
5459 laptop with a wireless network card requiring non-free firmware to
5460 work, but there are other use cases as well.</p>
5461
5462 <p>First and foremost, Debian Edu provide ISO images for DVD and CD
5463 with all firmware packages in the Debian sections main and non-free
5464 included, to ensure debian-installer find and can install all of them
5465 during installation. This take care firmware for network devices used
5466 by the installer when installing from from local media. But for
5467 example multimedia devices are not activated in the installer and are
5468 not taken care of by this.</p>
5469
5470 <p>For non-network devices, we provide the script
5471 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/auto-addfirmware</tt> which
5472 search through the <tt>dmesg</tt> output for drivers requesting extra
5473 firmware. The firmware file name is looked up in the Contents-ARCH.gz
5474 file available in the package repository, and the packages providing
5475 the requested firmware file(s) is installed. I have proposed to do
5476 something similar in debian-installer (BTS report
5477 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/655507">#655507</a>), to allow PXE
5478 installs of Debian to handle firmware installation better. Run the
5479 script as root from the command line to fetch and install the needed
5480 firmware packages.</p>
5481
5482 <p>Debian Edu provide PXE installation of Debian out of the box, and
5483 because some machines need firmware to get their network cards
5484 working, the installation initrd some times need extra firmware
5485 included to be able to install at all. To fill the PXE installation
5486 initrd with extra firmware, the
5487 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/pxe-addfirmware</tt> script is
5488 provided. Again, just run it as root on the command line to fill the
5489 PXE initrd with firmware packages.</p>
5490
5491 <p>Last, some LTSP clients might also need firmware to get their
5492 network cards working. For this,
5493 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/ltsp-addfirmware</tt> is
5494 provided to update the LTSP initrd with firmware blobs. It is used
5495 the same way as the other firmware related tools.</p>
5496
5497 <p>At the moment, we do not run any of these during installation. We
5498 do not know if this is acceptable for the local administrator to use
5499 non-free software, and it is their choice.</p>
5500
5501 <p>We plan to release beta3 this weekend. You might want to give it a
5502 try.</p>
5503
5504 </div>
5505 <div class="tags">
5506
5507
5508 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5509
5510
5511 </div>
5512 </div>
5513 <div class="padding"></div>
5514
5515 <div class="entry">
5516 <div class="title">
5517 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skjermbilder_fra_nordsamisk_installasjon_av_Skolelinux_Squeeze.html">Skjermbilder fra nordsamisk installasjon av Skolelinux/Squeeze</a>
5518 </div>
5519 <div class="date">
5520 26th January 2012
5521 </div>
5522 <div class="body">
5523 <p>For morro skyld har jeg gjennomført en nordsamisk installasjon for
5524 neste utgave av <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>
5525 (Squeeze) og knipset skjermbilder av resultatet.</p>
5526
5527 <p>Som en kan se der er det noen oversettelser som mangler. Det hadde
5528 vært hyggelig hvis alle tekstene som vises i Skolelinux-installasjonen
5529 ble oversatt til nordsamisk, men for å få det til må noen som forstår
5530 språket melde seg til dyst. Det er mangel på nordsamiske oversettere
5531 av fri programvare. Hvis noen starter raskt, så bør en rekke å
5532 fullføre Wheezy-utgaven før den gis ut. :)</p>
5533
5534 <p>Se <a href="http://d-i.debian.org/l10n-stats/">oversetterstatistikk for
5535 debian installer</a> for detaljert status. Jeg har tipset
5536 <a href="https://lister.ping.uio.no/mailman/listinfo/i18n-sme">epostlisten for samiskoversettelser</a>,
5537 men det har vært veldig liten aktivitet der de siste årene.</p>
5538
5539 <p><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/01-isomenu.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/01-isomenu.png" width="40%"></a>
5540 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/02-sme-lang.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/02-sme-lang.png" width="40%"></a>
5541 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/03-sme-place.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/03-sme-place.png" width="40%"></a>
5542 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/04-sme-keymap.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/04-sme-keymap.png" width="40%"></a>
5543 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/05-sme-profile.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/05-sme-profile.png" width="40%"></a>
5544 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/06-sme-autopart.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/06-sme-autopart.png" width="40%"></a>
5545 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/07-sme-popcon.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/07-sme-popcon.png" width="40%"></a>
5546 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/08-sme-rootpw1.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/08-sme-rootpw1.png" width="40%"></a>
5547 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/09-sme-rootpw2.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/09-sme-rootpw2.png" width="40%"></a>
5548 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/10-sme-firstuser.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/10-sme-firstuser.png" width="40%"></a>
5549 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/11-sme-firstusername.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/11-sme-firstusername.png" width="40%"></a>
5550 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/12-sme-firstuserpw1.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/12-sme-firstuserpw1.png" width="40%"></a>
5551 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/13-sme-firstuserpw2.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/13-sme-firstuserpw2.png" width="40%"></a>
5552 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/14-sme-part.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/14-sme-part.png" width="40%"></a>
5553 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/15-sme-debootstrap.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/15-sme-debootstrap.png" width="40%"></a>
5554 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/16-sme-tasksel.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/16-sme-tasksel.png" width="40%"></a>
5555 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/17-sme-wordlist.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/17-sme-wordlist.png" width="40%"></a>
5556 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/18-sme-tasksel.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/18-sme-tasksel.png" width="40%"></a>
5557 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/19-sme-ltsp.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/19-sme-ltsp.png" width="40%"></a>
5558 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/20-sme-grub.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/20-sme-grub.png" width="40%"></a>
5559 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/21-sme-finish-install.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/21-sme-finish-install.png" width="40%"></a>
5560 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/22-sme-finish-message.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/22-sme-finish-message.png" width="40%"></a></p>
5561
5562 </div>
5563 <div class="tags">
5564
5565
5566 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5567
5568
5569 </div>
5570 </div>
5571 <div class="padding"></div>
5572
5573 <div class="entry">
5574 <div class="title">
5575 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Setting_up_a_new_school_with_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Setting up a new school with Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
5576 </div>
5577 <div class="date">
5578 25th January 2012
5579 </div>
5580 <div class="body">
5581 <p>The next version of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu
5582 / Skolelinux</a> will include a new tool
5583 <tt>sitesummary2ldapdhcp</tt>, which can be used to quickly set up all
5584 the computers in a school without much manual labour. Here is a short
5585 summary on how to use it to set up a new school.</p>
5586
5587 <p>First, install a combined Main Server and Thin Client Server as the
5588 central server in the network. Next, PXE boot all the client machines
5589 as thin clients and wait 5 minutes after the last client booted to
5590 allow the clients to report their existence to the central server. When
5591 this is done, log on to the central server and run
5592 <tt>sitesummary2ldapdhcp -a</tt> in the <tt>konsole</tt> to use the
5593 collected information to generate system objects in LDAP. The output
5594 will look similar to this:</p>
5595
5596 <p><blockquote><pre>
5597 % sitesummary2ldapdhcp -a
5598 info: Updating machine tjener.intern [10.0.2.2] id ether-00:01:02:03:04:05.
5599 info: Create GOsa machine for auto-mac-00-01-02-03-04-06 [10.0.16.20] id ether-00:01:02:03:04:06.
5600
5601 Enter password if you want to activate these changes, and ^c to abort.
5602
5603 Connecting to LDAP as cn=admin,ou=ldap-access,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
5604 enter password: *******
5605 %
5606 </pre></blockquote></p>
5607
5608 <p>After providing the LDAP administrative password (the same as the
5609 root password set during installation), the LDAP database will be
5610 populated with system objects for each PXE booted machine with
5611 automatically generated names. The final step to set up the school is
5612 then to log into <a href="https://oss.gonicus.de/labs/gosa/">GOsa</a>,
5613 the web based user, group and system administration system to change
5614 system names, add systems to the correct host groups and finally
5615 enable DHCP and DNS for the systems. All clients that should be used
5616 as diskless workstations should be added to the workstation-hosts
5617 group. After this is done, all computers can be booted again via PXE
5618 and get their assigned names and group based configuration
5619 automatically.</p>
5620
5621 <p>We plan to release beta3 with the updated version of this feature
5622 enabled this weekend. You might want to give it a try.</p>
5623
5624 <p>Update 2012-01-28: When calling sitesummary2ldapdhcp to add new
5625 hosts, one need to add the option -a. I forgot to mention this in my
5626 original text, and have added it to the text now.</p>
5627
5628 </div>
5629 <div class="tags">
5630
5631
5632 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
5633
5634
5635 </div>
5636 </div>
5637 <div class="padding"></div>
5638
5639 <div class="entry">
5640 <div class="title">
5641 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Paul_Reidar_L_snesl_kken.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken</a>
5642 </div>
5643 <div class="date">
5644 18th January 2012
5645 </div>
5646 <div class="body">
5647 <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
5648 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, har jeg nå
5649 lyktes med å få tak i en skolemann som ikke er aktiv med utviklingen,
5650 men likevel har vært med nesten siden starten av prosjektet. Jeg
5651 ønsker derfor velkommen til Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken, en mann med
5652 mange års erfaring i bruk av Skolelinux.</p>
5653
5654 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
5655
5656 <p>Jeg driftet tidligere IKT løsningen for skolene i
5657 <a href="http://www.nord-odal.kommune.no/">Nord-Odal</a>. I dag er jeg
5658 IKT-konsulent for hele kommunen og samarbeider med
5659 <a href="http://www.hedmarken-ikt.no/">Hedmark-IKT</a> for best mulig
5660 tjenester til kommunen. Jeg har bakgrunn som elektronikkreparatør og
5661 grunnskolelærer og har tatt en del fag innen IKT, i hovedsak
5662 driftsfag. IKT i Nord-Odal kommune blir i dag driftet av Hedmark IKT
5663 som er et samarbeid mellom Løten, Stange, Grue, Hamar, Kongsvinger og
5664 Nord-Odal. Jeg er fortsatt "IKT-personen" på skolene i kommunen og
5665 følger opp og gjør enkelte mindre endringer der.</p>
5666
5667 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
5668
5669 <p>Kommunen satset på Skolelinux i 2004. Jeg var ikke med i
5670 beslutningsprosessen den gang, men ble likevel med fra starten når
5671 dette ble levert.</p>
5672
5673 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5674
5675 <p>Fordelene med Skolelinux er rask oppstart, sentral drift av
5676 klientene, klienter som jobber raskt og effektivt, bedre
5677 funksjonalitet på eldre utstyr og en ganske god programpakke med fri
5678 programvare som følger med. Løsningen med halvtykke klienter gjør at
5679 prosessering skjer lokalt med alltid ferske maskiner.</p>
5680
5681 <p>Skolelinux kan fungere godt på gammelt utstyr, men det er klart at
5682 utstyr også blir for gammelt selv for Skolelinux. I forbindelese med
5683 at vi nylig fikk nye servere og ny installasjon kastet jeg ut ca 60
5684 klienter som fortsatt var i drift etter at de var kjøpt godt brukt i
5685 2004. Noe var rundt 15 år gammelt, men var fortsatt i bruk. Noen
5686 klaget på at det nå gikk veldig tregt på en del pedagogiske nettsider
5687 med flash o.l. Det er fullt forståelig.</p>
5688
5689 <p>Jeg fikk nylig et spørsmål fra ungdomsskolens rektor om jeg kunne
5690 legge inn <a href="http://freemind.sourceforge.net/">FreeMind</a>, et
5691 tankekartprogram , på skolens elev-Windowsmaskiner. Lærerne hadde
5692 vært på kurs og ville ta dette i bruk. Skolen har ca halvparten av
5693 elevmaskinene på bærbare Windowsmaskiner. Da kunne jeg fortelle at
5694 dette programmet allerede lå inne på den nye Skolelinuxløsningen
5695 som nettopp var satt i drift, klart til bruk.</p>
5696
5697 <p>Vi har de bærbare maskinene på ungdomsskolen i domene med
5698 Skolelinux. Dette fungerer også meget bra nå. Elevene får opp en
5699 midlertidig windowsprofil når de logger på. Denne profilen slettes
5700 etter at de logger av, noe som medfører rene profiler hver gang de
5701 starter opp en maskin. De må lagre i sin Skolelinprofil, noe som
5702 medfører at de får tak i sine filer uavhengig av om de starter en
5703 Windowsmaskin eller en Skolelinuxklient. Det er mye mindre trafikk i
5704 det trådløse nettet etter at ikke hele profiler blir lastet opp til de
5705 enkelte Windowsmaskinene og tilbake når man avslutter. Jeg vet ikke om
5706 dette er standardoppsett i Skolelinux, men slik er vårt oppsett
5707 nå.</p>
5708
5709 <p>Vi har i flere år satt opp vår løsning slik at skriverkøer slettes
5710 og skrivere startes hver natt. Hyggelig å høre at dette nå skal bli
5711 en standard i Skolelinuxløsningen. Dette har vært en god hjelp for
5712 oss.</p>
5713
5714 <p>Elevene er lite opptatt av om de jobber på en Skolelinux eller en
5715 Windowsmaskin bare de har de programmene de trenger og at det virker
5716 når det skal brukes. Vi kjører mest mulig de samme programmene på
5717 Windows som i Skolelinux, som f.eks Audacity og LibreOffice.</p>
5718
5719 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5720
5721 <p>Lærere bruker hos oss Windows. Dette fordi de da selv har mer
5722 kontroll over sin maskin, kan bruke den overalt, og kan legge inn
5723 programmer selv når de trenger noe i forhold til kurs o.l de er
5724 på. Jeg tror lærernes selvstendighet her gjør dem tryggere på IKT-bruk
5725 generelt. Det at de av og til får opp advarsler og lignende gjør også
5726 at de må tenke igjennom og spørre om ting rundt datasikkerhet.</p>
5727
5728 <p>Det er en del programmer vi bruker som ikke finnes for Linux. Mest
5729 brukt er nok Photostory3 som brukes i mange sammenhenger, særlig på
5730 ungdomsskolen, bl.a. til å lage herbarier (plantesamling) . Dette
5731 finnes gratis for Windows, men er ikke fri programvare. Vi er opptatt
5732 av at programmer elevene bruker på skolen også kan brukes gratis
5733 hjemme. Det er også en del programmer som brukes til spesielle elever
5734 som bare går i Windows. Det er viktig med fokus på funksjoner og ikke
5735 på hvilket OS man bruker.</p>
5736
5737 <p>For oss er det kombinasjonen mellom Skolelinux og Windows som gir
5738 oss en god og hel løsning. Skolelinux er best der de er gode.</p>
5739
5740 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
5741
5742 <p>Selv er det LibreOffice jeg bruker til daglig. Jeg bruker selv en
5743 Windowsmaskin. Jeg har benyttet en del fri programvare i forbindelse
5744 med sjekking av trafikk i nettverk, slik som Wireshark, men dette er
5745 jo ikke aktuelt for skolene. Jeg er generelt glad i programmer som
5746 fungerer på både Linux og Windows og gjerne MAC.</p>
5747
5748 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
5749 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
5750
5751 <p>Det er viktig at det benyttes programmer som elevene også kan ta i
5752 bruk hjemme. Det skal da være enkelt, lovlig og gratis for
5753 elevene. Da er jeg ikke lenger veldig opptatt av om det kalles "fri
5754 programvare". For skolene tror jeg "gratis" og "funksjonelt" er bedre
5755 begreper enn "fri" i forhold til programmer. De fleste skiller nok
5756 ikke mellom "fri" og "gratis". Det er nå svært mange elever som
5757 benytter OpenOffice eller LibreOffice som sin primære kontorpakke
5758 hjemme.</p>
5759
5760 </div>
5761 <div class="tags">
5762
5763
5764 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5765
5766
5767 </div>
5768 </div>
5769 <div class="padding"></div>
5770
5771 <div class="entry">
5772 <div class="title">
5773 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Changing_the_default_Iceweasel_start_page_in_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Changing the default Iceweasel start page in Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
5774 </div>
5775 <div class="date">
5776 10th January 2012
5777 </div>
5778 <div class="body">
5779 <p>In the Squeeze version of
5780 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> soon
5781 to be released, users of the system will get their default browser
5782 start page set from LDAP, allowing the system administrator to point
5783 all users to the school web page by updating one setting in LDAP. In
5784 addition to setting the default start page when a machine boots, users
5785 are shown the same page as a welcome page when they log in for the
5786 first time.</p>
5787
5788 <p>The LDAP object dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no have an attribute
5789 labeledURI with "http://www/ LDAP for Debian Edu/Skolelinux" as the
5790 default content. By changing this value to another URL, all users get
5791 to see the page behind this new URL.</p>
5792
5793 <p>An easy way to update it is by using the ldapvi tool. It can be
5794 called as "<tt>ldapvi -ZD '(cn=admin)'</tt>' to update LDAP with the
5795 new setting.</p>
5796
5797 <p>We have written the code to adjust the default start page and show
5798 the welcome page, and I wonder if there is an easier way to do this
5799 from within Iceweasel instead.</p>
5800
5801 </div>
5802 <div class="tags">
5803
5804
5805 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
5806
5807
5808 </div>
5809 </div>
5810 <div class="padding"></div>
5811
5812 <div class="entry">
5813 <div class="title">
5814 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_beta_version_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Second beta version of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
5815 </div>
5816 <div class="date">
5817 7th January 2012
5818 </div>
5819 <div class="body">
5820 <p>I am happy to announce that today we managed to wrap up and publish
5821 the second beta version of
5822 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>. If
5823 you want to test a LDAP backed Kerberos server with out of the box PXE
5824 configuration for running diskless machines and installing new
5825 machines, check it out. If you need a software solution for your
5826 school, check it out too. The full announcement is
5827 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/01/msg00000.html">available</a>
5828 on the project announcement list.</p>
5829
5830 </div>
5831 <div class="tags">
5832
5833
5834 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5835
5836
5837 </div>
5838 </div>
5839 <div class="padding"></div>
5840
5841 <div class="entry">
5842 <div class="title">
5843 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fixing_an_hanging_debian_installer_for_Debian_Edu.html">Fixing an hanging debian installer for Debian Edu</a>
5844 </div>
5845 <div class="date">
5846 3rd January 2012
5847 </div>
5848 <div class="body">
5849 <p>During christmas, I have been working getting the next version of
5850 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> ready
5851 for release. The initial problem I looked at was particularly
5852 interesting.</p>
5853
5854 <P>The installer would hang at the end when it was doing it
5855 post-installation configuration, and whatevery I did to try to find
5856 the cause and fix it always worked while I tested it, but never when I
5857 integrated it into the installer and ran the installation from
5858 scratch. I would try to restart processes, close file descriptors,
5859 remove or create files, and the installer would always unblock and
5860 wrap up its tasks.</p>
5861
5862 <p>Eventually the cause was found. The kernel was simply running out
5863 of entropy, causing the Kerberos setup to hang waiting for more.
5864 Pressing keys was adding entropy to the kernel, and thus all my tries
5865 to fix the problem worked not because what I was typing to fix it, but
5866 because I was typing.</P>
5867
5868 <p>The fix I implemented was to add a background process looking at
5869 the level of entropy in the kernel (by checking
5870 /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail), and if it was too small, the
5871 installer will flush the kernel file buffers and do 'find /' to
5872 generate some disk IO. Disk IO generate entropy in the kernel, and is
5873 one of the few things that can be initated from within the system to
5874 generate entropy.</p>
5875
5876 <p>The fix is in
5877 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/Installation">beta1
5878 of the Debian Edu/Squeeze</a> version, and we
5879 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu">welcome more testers and
5880 developers</a>. We plan to release beta2 this weekend.</p>
5881
5882 </div>
5883 <div class="tags">
5884
5885
5886 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5887
5888
5889 </div>
5890 </div>
5891 <div class="padding"></div>
5892
5893 <div class="entry">
5894 <div class="title">
5895 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Peter_Hansteen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Peter Hansteen</a>
5896 </div>
5897 <div class="date">
5898 11th December 2011
5899 </div>
5900 <div class="body">
5901 <p>Etter en lang pause er det klart for neste mann ut i min serie med
5902 intervjuer av
5903 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-relaterte personer.
5904
5905 Denne gangen har jeg besøk av et avtroppende styremedlem i
5906 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, og en mann
5907 som har vært aktiv i Linux-miljøet i Bergen siden 90-tallet.</p>
5908
5909 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
5910
5911 <p>Jeg heter Peter Hansteen, og jobber til daglig som seniorkonsulent
5912 i EDB ErgoGroup i Bergen. I praksis betyr det systemadministrasjon på
5913 Unix (primært Solaris, men en viss komponent av Linux). Men Solaris
5914 er for meg et relativt nytt bekjentskap, hovedplattformen min har
5915 generelt vært OpenBSD og til dels FreeBSD.</p>
5916
5917 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
5918
5919 <p>Jeg husker ikke helt alle detaljene mer ;) - men jeg tror det var
5920 gjennom news-gruppen no.it.os.unix.linux.diverse, efn-listen og
5921 etterhvert også BLUG-miljøet her i Bergen. Vi hadde et par
5922 Skolelinux-sentrerte BLUG-møter for noen år siden, og det har vært et
5923 par Skolelinux-utviklersamlinger her.</p>
5924
5925 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5926
5927 <p>Jeg bruker dessverre ikke Skolelinux daglig. Men slik jeg kjenner
5928 prosjektet har det vært i stand til å ta opp i seg det beste av fri
5929 programvare i mange kategorier, så fra et sysadmin-perspektiv ser det
5930 ut som en svært behagelig sak. For brukerne er det vel både en fordel
5931 og en ulempe at det ikke er Windows. Men vi håper at fordelene med et
5932 fritt system etterhvert vil bli åpenbare for både elever, lærekrefter
5933 og foreldre.</p>
5934
5935 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5936
5937 <p>Vel, ulempen er vel først og fremst at andre aktører med mer
5938 kapitalmuskel har klart å etablere seg som det både lærere og foreldre
5939 føler seg trygge på, selv om det etter mitt hode ikke er noen grunn
5940 til å være spesielt trygg på de kommersielle alternativene.</p>
5941
5942 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
5943
5944 <p>Når jeg får bestemme helt selv, bruker jeg kun fri programvare. Da
5945 helst med vekt på ting som kjører greit på OpenBSD. Hjemme er det
5946 OpenBSD, Ubuntu eller FreeBSD vi bruker. På skrivebordet er det en
5947 avveining mellom Gnome, KDE eller hva-det-nå-heter som er
5948 standardvalget i Ubuntu, ellers er det de kjente tingene som
5949 LibreOffice, Emacs, mplayer. På server er det selvfølgelig Apache,
5950 for overvåking både OpenNMS og Nagios (det bare ble sånn, og
5951 forskjellige siter). Jeg skriver til tider om slikt jeg holder på med
5952
5953 <a href="http://bsdly.blogspot.com">http://bsdly.blogspot.com</a>.</p>
5954
5955 <p>Men vi må nevne at selv vi har en Microsoft-ting som vi slår på når
5956 vi av en eller annen grunn må. Det betyr igjen vanligvis når en
5957 mobiltelefon eller en annen lukket elektronisk dings krever kontakt
5958 via en slik for å få oppdateringene sine.</p>
5959
5960 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
5961 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
5962
5963 <p>Hadde vi hatt det rette svaret på det spørsmålet, så hadde vi
5964 gjerne hatt Skolelinux som førstevalg på alle skoler ;)</p>
5965
5966 <p>Men jeg tror vi må legge vekt på flere forskjellige ting. En helt
5967 sentral sak er å fokusere på fri programvare og åpne standarder som de
5968 demokratiske verdiene de faktisk er. Det har kanskje kommet litt for
5969 mye i bakgrunnen i forhold til strevet etter å lage det mest mulig
5970 'brukervennlige' systemet. Det er en tung vei å gå, så det er
5971 forståelig at freenix-aktivister heller velger å skrive kode og annet
5972 som er mer lystbetont. Mer praktisk tror jeg vi må gjøre i alle fall
5973 to ting: For det første sørge for å fortsette med å levere det best
5974 mulige frie produktet, slik at det er lett å både komme i gang og
5975 holde systemene i daglig drift, og for det andre 2) spore opp mulige
5976 aktivister der de finnes, via lokale brukergrupper, sosiale medier
5977 eller annet og sørge for at de fortsetter å være aktive. Mer og
5978 mindre uformelle treff kan være nyttig i tillegg til de mer
5979 organiserte møtene med foredrag, konferanser og utviklersamlinger.</p>
5980
5981 </div>
5982 <div class="tags">
5983
5984
5985 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5986
5987
5988 </div>
5989 </div>
5990 <div class="padding"></div>
5991
5992 <div class="entry">
5993 <div class="title">
5994 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Frode_Jemtland.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Frode Jemtland</a>
5995 </div>
5996 <div class="date">
5997 27th July 2011
5998 </div>
5999 <div class="body">
6000 <p>Neste mann ut i min serie med intervjuer av Skolelinux-relaterte
6001 personer er en tidligere styreleder i
6002 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a> som var med
6003 fra starten av
6004 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-prosjektet.</p>
6005
6006 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6007
6008 <p>Mitt navn er Frode Jemtland, og jeg jobber i Hedmark IKT, som er et
6009 driftsselskap for Grue, Hamar, Kongsvinger, Løten, Nord-Odal og Stange
6010 kommuner. Her er jeg leder for avdelingen Løsninger og Arkitektur. Vi
6011 har i hovedansvar for servere, infrastruktur og løsninger som
6012 helhet.</p>
6013
6014 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6015
6016 <p>Jobbet i IBM fra 2000, og da spesielt med Linux. Dette var da et av
6017 de mest tydelige linux prosjektene i Norge, og her ønsket jeg å
6018 bidra. Var aktivt med i prosjektet i 4-5 år.</p>
6019
6020 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6021
6022 <p>Fordelene slik jeg ser det er den sentraliserte driftmodellen, og
6023 alle de vel gjennomtenkte løsningene som er inkludert i denne
6024 løsningen. Samtidig er det basert på en stabil, og godt kjent
6025 plattform. Dette vil si at man har en løsning som skal være mye
6026 tilgjengelig, og hvor det er relativt enkelt å få tak i personer som
6027 kan mye om den grunnleggende plattformen.</p>
6028
6029 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6030
6031 <p>De største utfordringene med en løsningen er at den er intensiv på f.eks
6032 nettverk. I seg selv ikke et problem for en enkelt skole, men skal løsningen
6033 kjøres i større skala, med sentraliserte servere, så gir dette noen
6034 utfordringer.</p>
6035
6036 <p>Utifra hva jeg har sett på større installasjoner så er det ikke så
6037 enkelt å skjønne, hva som bør gjøres for at den skal skaleres opp, og
6038 da ta godt vare på alle sider av dette, ikke bare mer server å fordele
6039 last/trykk, men hvordan også beholde robustheten og fleksibiliteten i
6040 løsningen.</p>
6041
6042 <p>En annen utfordring er at stadig flere produkter som skal brukes i
6043 skoleløsningen ikke er laget til å kunne brukes i en
6044 skolelinuxløsning. Det blir derfor fort mye skreddersøm i de
6045 forskjellige installasjonene, for å få diverse pedagogiske programmer,
6046 webløsninger, smartboards, m.m. til å fungere. Man er også en for
6047 liten kundebase til at leverandørene ønsker å gjøre noe med
6048 utfordringen. Problemet overlates til oss.</p>
6049
6050 <p>Det er også en kontinuerlig utfordring rundt problemet med å holde
6051 programvare på stabile versjoner, kontra å få ny funksjonalitet. Dette
6052 er jo en konflikt mellom oss som ønsker å drifte en stabil, og
6053 kostnadseffektiv løsning, mot sluttbrukerne som ønsker seg funksjoner
6054 det er vant med fra andre løsninger, eller som de må ha for at et
6055 eller annet nytt produkt skal fungere i løsningen. Dette er en
6056 utfordring også for andre plattformer.</p>
6057
6058 <p>En siste utfordring som ikke har noe med løsningen å gjøre, men med
6059 det omkringliggende miljøet denne skal kjøre i, er at de enhetene som
6060 skal drifte dataløsninger for kommuner og fylkeskommuner begynner å
6061 profesjonaliseres, og er da avhengig av å ha standard løsninger for å
6062 drifte store brukermasser. MS er selvsagt klar over dette, og har jo
6063 nå flere områder de begynner å bli veldig dominerende på. Den største,
6064 og mest problematiske er katalogtjenesten. Man får snart ikke tak i
6065 større løsninger som ikke krever en AD. Når man da har store enheter
6066 som drifter både kommunalt ansatte og skoler, så vil det være et
6067 stordriftargument å standardisere på en katalog tjeneste, og da har
6068 man ikke noe valg. Her er alle slike driftsenheter for små til å få
6069 gjort om på dette. Her burde konkurransemyndighetene kommet på
6070 banen. Men konkurransetilsynet i USA griper sjeldent (og ikke før det
6071 har gått veldig lang tid) inn i monopolsituasjoner så lenge
6072 monopolisten er et amerikansk firma, så da har vel ikke andre
6073 myndigheter så mye de skulle ha sagt....</p>
6074
6075 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6076
6077 <p>Privat kjører jeg Debian på alle mine datamaskiner. Det gjør jeg
6078 også på min jobbmaskin. Vi har også 15-20 linux servere av typene
6079 SuSE, Debian, Redhat, CentOS m.m. Jeg bruker derfor mye fri
6080 programvare. Av enkelt programmer kan sikkert masse nevnes. Hvis vi
6081 skal begrense oss til daglig, så må jeg si: OpenOffice, Firefox,
6082 Kontact, Kopete, Amarok,
6083 <a href="http://gramps-project.org/">Gramps</a>, Kate, ssh, bash,
6084 rsync, backuppc m.m.</p>
6085
6086 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6087 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6088
6089 <p>Det er et godt spørsmål, som jeg har lurt på selv.</p>
6090
6091 <p>Argumentene som ofte har vært brukt om at ting koster mindre holder
6092 ikke mål når man ser på hva som faktisk koster penger. Det er de
6093 ansatte som er en kostnadsdriver. Det vil si at hvis man har et system
6094 som den ansatte kan, så vil en kostnad på dette systemet kunne
6095 forsvares ganske mye ved at den ansatte gjør dette raskere og
6096 effektivt. Også uten å måtte eventuelt leie inn folk.</p>
6097
6098 <p>Jeg syns det er viktigere å fokusere på prinsippet med å velge fri
6099 programvare, men det er også et felt hvor man fort møter lite
6100 forståelse blant de ansatte i skolen.</p>
6101
6102 <p>Her må nok strategien fortsette å være at de sentrale myndighetene
6103 må sende tydelige signaler for hva de ønsker at offentlige enheter
6104 skal gjøre. Det var mye positivt på gang ang. dette for et par år
6105 siden. Både med eNorge og eKommune planene, men dette syns jeg har
6106 stoppet opp. En del av dette kan jo kanskje være usikkerheten som
6107 etter hvert har blitt, når man har sett kompleksiteten i de
6108 prosjektene som har blitt igangsatt. Det har også blitt noe usikkerhet
6109 i markedet ref. Sun, Oracle, Novell, Microsoft m.m. Samtidig har jo
6110 også de proprietære programleverandørene sørget for å endre sine
6111 lisenser slik at man uansett ikke slipper unna kostnaden til deres
6112 produkter, selv om man skulle velge alternativer. Da er det økonomiske
6113 argumentet, som jeg nevnte tidligere, spilt ganske godt ut over
6114 sidelinjen.</p>
6115
6116 </div>
6117 <div class="tags">
6118
6119
6120 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6121
6122
6123 </div>
6124 </div>
6125 <div class="padding"></div>
6126
6127 <div class="entry">
6128 <div class="title">
6129 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Marius_Kotsbak.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Marius Kotsbak</a>
6130 </div>
6131 <div class="date">
6132 10th April 2011
6133 </div>
6134 <div class="body">
6135 <p>Neste mann ut er Marius Kotsbak, styremedlem i
6136 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a> og mangeårig
6137 bidragsyter i
6138 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-prosjektet.</p>
6139
6140 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6141
6142 <p>Jeg er en systemutvikler/kybernetiker og jobber med dette til
6143 daglig. På fritiden tester jeg ut/bruker mye fri programvare, og
6144 bidrar med testing og utvikling når jeg ser stort nok behov for det og
6145 jeg har noe å bidra med.</p>
6146
6147 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6148
6149 <p>Hmm, det er lenge siden, så det er nesten så jeg ikke husker. Jeg
6150 hadde vel hørt om prosjektet i media før en gjeng i Trondheim startet
6151 opp SPIST, Skolelinux-prosjektet i Sør-Trøndelag, hvor vi hjalp noen
6152 skoler i nærområdet med å installere Skolelinux og finne brukt
6153 IT-utstyr til disse. Det var moro å gjøre noe praktisk for å spre
6154 Skolelinux, og å se hvor fort gjort det var å sette opp utrangerte
6155 klientmaskiner og få disse opp som tynnklienter på helt nye datasaler
6156 på skolene, kun med kostnaden til servere.</p>
6157
6158 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6159
6160 <p>Det er et system spesielt skreddersydd for drift av et stort antall
6161 klienter mot servere, og da spesielt i henhold til skolers behov. Det
6162 er enkelt og billig å installere og drifte, og det trenger ikke ny
6163 maskinvare for god ytelse.</p>
6164
6165 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6166
6167 <p>Hardwarestøtten kunne vært bedre og i enda større grad
6168 installerbart rett ut av boksen. Distribusjonen har til tider hatt
6169 litt gammel programvare pga. at den følger Debian sine utgivelser.
6170 Kanskje man skulle vurdert en versjon basert på Ubuntu eller andre
6171 distribusjoner i tillegg?</p>
6172
6173 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6174
6175 <p>Oi, det er ikke lite. Her er det jeg kommer på i farta. Jeg bruker
6176 Linux og Ubuntu, og på Ubuntu programene Firefox, Thunderbird,
6177 Chromium, Pidgin, Digikam, OpenOffice, Wireshark, git og irssi.
6178 Telefonen min er en Android, og der bruker jeg programmene K-9 Mail,
6179 OI Shopping list, Shuffle, ZXing, OI Notepad og ADW Desktop. På jobb
6180 bruker jeg JBoss, Eclipse, uCLinux for Blackfin, RCF-CPP, Qt, Maven,
6181 og boost-bibliotekene for C++.</p>
6182
6183 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6184 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6185
6186 <p>En bør fokusere på totalkostnader inkludert driftsbehov,
6187 fleksibilitet, åpenhet og ikke låsing til en leverandør framfor sparte
6188 lisenskostnader, samt programvarens kvalitet og fortrinn, og at den
6189 fritt kan brukes på et ubegrenset antall PC-er, også hjemme hos
6190 elevene. En bør også forbedre den fri programvaren ved testing,
6191 bugrapportering og kodebidrag om man kan, og ikke anbefale programvare
6192 uten at man har forsikret seg at den har tilstrekkelig kvalitet,
6193 ellers kan man lett oppnå det motsatte. Tror en bør selge inn
6194 konseptet til fylkes-/statsnivå, kanskje med bidrag til
6195 utviklingsarbeid fra disse som alle landets skoler kan få glede
6196 av.</p>
6197
6198 </div>
6199 <div class="tags">
6200
6201
6202 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6203
6204
6205 </div>
6206 </div>
6207 <div class="padding"></div>
6208
6209 <div class="entry">
6210 <div class="title">
6211 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Odin_Hetland_N_sen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Odin Hetland Nøsen</a>
6212 </div>
6213 <div class="date">
6214 28th March 2011
6215 </div>
6216 <div class="body">
6217 <p>Mine bloggposter om Linux i skolene i Norge førte til at inspektør
6218 og ildsjel på Harestad skole tok kontakt og fortalte at de bruker
6219 Linux på sin skole, og lurte på om de kunne bidra til å gjøre
6220 fordelene kjent. Riktig nok bruker de ikke
6221 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> på denne skolen,
6222 men jeg synes dette er en god anledning til å gjøre flere fasetter
6223 rundt Linux-økosystemet kjent, og tok et lite intervju.</p>
6224
6225 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6226
6227 <p>Mitt navn er Odin Hetland Nøsen og er en 70-modell. Jeg er bosatt i
6228 Stavanger og jobber nå på 9. året som undervisninginspektør på
6229 Harestad skole i Randaberg kommune (nabokommune til Stavanger).</p>
6230
6231 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6232
6233 <p>I 2002 begynte daværende IKT-ansvarlige og jeg et arbeid på skolen
6234 med å gå over fra Win98 til... noe annet. Vi testet en rekke
6235 forskjellige løsninger, deriblant Skolelinux, men endte opp med
6236 RedHat. Skolelinux var den gang ikke modent for det vi ville ha. Jeg
6237 har siden fulgt jevnlig med på hva skolelinux holder på med, men har
6238 hele tiden vært bedre fornøyd med vår egen "standardiserte" løsning på
6239 RedHat/CentOS og Fedora. Vi snuser for tiden på Ubuntu som løsning på
6240 klientsiden.</p>
6241
6242 <p>I dag har vi på skolen vår en større linux-løsning med 400 klienter
6243 som kjører en blanding av LTSP (tynnklient) og DRBL (tykk klient uten
6244 harddisk) med en masse tjenere på serverrommet. Vi drifter hele
6245 sulamitten selv med webtjener, eposttjener, webmail, filtjenere,
6246 virtuelle tjenere osv. Og IT-ansvarlig har en 80% stilling som
6247 IT-ansvarlig - og så er han KoH-lærer i de resterende 20% :-)</p>
6248
6249 <p>Du kan få en ide om hva vi holder på med om du går inn på
6250 <a href="http://www.gnuskole.no/">http://www.gnuskole.no/</a>.</p>
6251
6252 <p>For å ta brodden av frykten for at ildsjeler gjør skolen sårbar om
6253 ildsjelene falle fra, har jeg forsikret kommunen og skolesjefen i
6254 Randaberg om at det finnes godt kommersielle tjenester vi kan benytte
6255 oss av - om det skulle bli nødvendig. Vi er tre stykker i kommunen som
6256 nå har <strong>god</strong> linux-kompetanse ift. å drifte et større
6257 system. IT-avdelingen i kommunen vil ikke ta på oss med ildtang -
6258 selv om vi nok har større IT-kompetanse mot linux enn det de selv har
6259 mot windows (de kjøper en <strong>masse</strong> konsulenttjenester
6260 fra ErgoGroup).</p>
6261
6262 <p>I kvantitet er Harestad og Grødem skole tilsammen et større
6263 IT-system enn resten av Randaberg kommune + Kvitsøy og Rennesøy, som
6264 kommunen også har driftsansvar for. Vi har som sagt rundt 800
6265 maskiner, mens kommunen med sitt driftsansvar har ansvar for rundt 500
6266 maskiner. Det er selvfølgelig litt forskjell i hvor kritiske
6267 tjenestene våre er, men det gir allikevel et litt rart bilde når
6268 IT-avdelingen overhode ikke er interessert i å snakke med oss om
6269 hvordan vi gjør ting :-)</p>
6270
6271 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6272
6273 <p>Fra linux-perspektivet (ikke bare Skolelinux) er det en fordel av
6274 systemet er basert på fri programvare - og dermed fritt i ordets mange
6275 betydninger. Det er alt vi trenger: stabilt, relativt enkelt å drifte
6276 (tross alt - et større windowssystem er ikke enkelt å holde live det
6277 heller), rimelig i innkjøp og drift, og sist, men ikke minst, det er
6278 moderne for sluttbruker! Linux, i sine mange varianter,
6279 <strong>ser</strong> nytt ut, fordi det hele tiden blir
6280 oppdatert. Derfor lever systemet opp til hvordan elever forventer at
6281 et moderne GUI skal være (i motsetning til WinXP :-).</p>
6282
6283 <p>Vi var veldig pragmatiske da vi begynte med linux i skolen. Det var
6284 billig, det fungerte og kunne bruke alle de gamle windows-maskinene
6285 som "nye" tynne klienter. I dag er vi mer bevisste fri
6286 programvare-tilhengere. Vi har oppdaget hva det er - og vi liker
6287 det!</p>
6288
6289 <p>En av de <strong>store</strong> fordelene med fri programvare er at
6290 vi kan installere tjenester vi ønsker å tilby brukerne våre - uten å
6291 måtte tenke på om vi har råd til lisensene (fordi det er ingen). Alt
6292 vi setter i produksjon er ut i fra brukernes behov og vår kapasitet
6293 til å drifte dem. Vi skreddersyr tjenestene etter behovet og dermed
6294 trenger vi ikke ende opp med å kjøpe en pakke der vi egentlig bare var
6295 interessert i en liten del av den.</p>
6296
6297 <p>Bruk av linux frigjør ikke økonomiske midler, fordi midlene til IKT
6298 i skole er for få i utgangspunktet - men vi får så
6299 <strong>mye</strong> mer igjen for dem når vi bruker en linux-løsning
6300 fremfor en windows-løsning. I praksis ser vi at vi måtte ut med det
6301 dobbelte på budsjettet vårt om vi skulle hatt en tilsvarende
6302 windows-løsning, som det vi i dag drifter med linux.</p>
6303
6304 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6305
6306 <p>Ikke all pedagogisk programvare er tilgjengelig. Det er en del
6307 programvare i skolen som er laget med utviklerverktøy som bare virker
6308 i windows, f.eks. Drillpro, LingDys/LingWrite. Det er også
6309 "programmer" som bare virker om du har tilgang til Microsoft Office,
6310 f.eks. AskiRaski.</p>
6311
6312 <p>Vi sliter også litt med at video-codecer ikke alltid er like lett å
6313 få opp å gå på klientene. Det er alltid en eller annen videosnutt fra
6314 nrk.no som ikke er så samarbeidsvillig, uansett mediaplayer.</p>
6315
6316 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6317
6318 <p>Alt :-) På skolen bruker vi det som finnes og som er nyttig. Det vi
6319 bruker mest er Firefox (jobber med Chrome, fordi det er
6320 <strong>mye</strong> raskere med Flash enn Firefox), OpenOffice (skal
6321 over til LibreOffice), GIMP osv. Standardpakken av
6322 sluttbrukerprogrammer.</p>
6323
6324 <p>På tjenernivå bruker vi OpenWebMail (skal over til Zimbra), Exim
6325 osv.</p>
6326
6327 <p>Personlig bruker jeg de fleste programmer over flere plattformer,
6328 men jeg har lagt meg til en vane å prioritere bruken av fri
6329 programvare også i Windows 7 og OSX.</p>
6330
6331 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6332 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6333
6334 <p>Jeg er langt i fra sikker. For det første handler det mye om at
6335 IKT-avdelingen i kommunen ofte er de som styrer hva som er IKT på
6336 skolene - og de liker å bruke avtalene med Microsoft, som de garantert
6337 har fra før. Dessuten - Select 6-avtalen til skolene gjør Microsoft
6338 skvettbillig.</p>
6339
6340 <p>Vi la vekt på effektiv drift av systemet - og at vi kunne øke
6341 antall maskiner uten å måtte øke budsjett for utstyr eller personell
6342 særlig mye, enn om vi hadde gått for en Microsoft-løsning. I praksis
6343 ser vi at en ren linux-installasjon driftes til halve prisen av en
6344 Microsoft-løsning.</p>
6345
6346 <p>Vi har i praksis også sett at det lærerne (og elevene) liker er at
6347 vi tilbyr <strong>veldig</strong> mange tjenester som ikke er så
6348 vanlige i en Microsoft-løsning. Det er ikke så vanlig at
6349 <strong>elevene</strong> også har epost, hjemmekontor osv. Det har vi
6350 også brukt som et vellykket argument mot Microsoft.</p>
6351
6352 <p>Den beste måten er selvfølgelig at noen bare bestemmer
6353 det. Problemet er å få dem som har makt til å bestemme det til faktisk
6354 å gjøre det ;-)</p>
6355
6356 </div>
6357 <div class="tags">
6358
6359
6360 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6361
6362
6363 </div>
6364 </div>
6365 <div class="padding"></div>
6366
6367 <div class="entry">
6368 <div class="title">
6369 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Astri_Sletteng.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Astri Sletteng</a>
6370 </div>
6371 <div class="date">
6372 27th February 2011
6373 </div>
6374 <div class="body">
6375 <p>En dame som har bidratt lenge til fri programvare i skoleverket og
6376 i foreningen som organiserer skolelinux-utviklersamlinger,
6377 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, er neste
6378 intervjuoffer. Det er en glede å her presentere en lærer fra Håkvik.</p>
6379
6380 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6381
6382 <p>Jeg heter Astri Sletteng. Jeg er lærer og IKT veileder ved Håkvik
6383 skole i Narvik kommune. Min bakgrunn når det gjelder IKT: Av formell
6384 utdannelse har jeg lærerutdanning, Master i skoleledelse og IKT for
6385 lærere. Har jobba som IKT veileder siden 2002.</p>
6386
6387 <p>Det viktigste for meg som IKT veileder er å få fundamentert den
6388 5. basisferdigheten, digital kompetanse ved skolen min på en god måte
6389 slik at hele skolesamfunnet tar i bruk IKT i alle fag. Dette arbeidet
6390 gjøres i nært samarbeid med skolens ledelse.</p>
6391
6392 <p>Min viktigste jobb som IKT veileder er å være motivator og pådriver
6393 i IKT arbeidet ved skolen.</p>
6394
6395 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6396
6397 <p>Jobber i en kommune hvor vi satser på Fri programvare. I 2004 ble
6398 det gjort et politisk vedtak om at vi skulle innføre Skolelinux ved
6399 alle skolene i kommunen. Jeg har dermed en god del erfaring med
6400 Skolelinux, samt annen fri programvare som Open Office, Joomla, Moodle
6401 etc.</p>
6402
6403 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6404
6405 <p>Siden vi jobber med åpen kildekode kan vi få programmene og
6406 produktene tilpasset vår bruk. Det er jo heller ikke en ulempe at
6407 skolen kommer bedre ut økonomisk, men først og fremst er det viktig
6408 for oss at vi har digitale systemer som gjør at vi kan følge
6409 læreplanen i alle fag. Det syns jeg at vi kan gjøre gjennom
6410 Skolelinux.</p>
6411
6412 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6413
6414 <p>Skolen er avhengige av å ha folk på IT avdelinga i kommunen som kan
6415 drive support, og være tilgjengelige når vi trenger hjelp. Det er en
6416 ulempe at ikke alle på denne avdelingen nødvendigvis er god på
6417 Linux.</p>
6418
6419 <p>Vi har også noen utfordringer når det kommer til spesielle
6420 programmer som enkelte elever er avhengige av ? og som ikke er
6421 plattform uavhengige. Her har vi i Friprog-verden, men også
6422 departement en jobb å gjøre.</p>
6423
6424 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6425
6426 <p>Skolen vår bruker Skolelinux, Open Office, Iceweazel (Mozilla),
6427 VLC, Tux paint, Scribus, FreeMind, GIMP, digiKam, Ksnapshot, GeoGebra,
6428 Moodle (innført på alle klassetrinn + som et administrativt verktøy)
6429 og Joomla som hjemmeside.<p>
6430
6431 <p>Det er de jeg kommer på i farten. I tillegg har vi Smartboard
6432 installert på server, men det regnes vel ikke som fri programvare?</p>
6433
6434 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6435 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6436
6437 <p>Først og fremst trenger skolen oppetider på sine datasystemer. Syns
6438 også at det at vi kan få tilpasset plattform og systemer til vår bruk
6439 er en god strategi å bruke.</p>
6440
6441 </div>
6442 <div class="tags">
6443
6444
6445 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6446
6447
6448 </div>
6449 </div>
6450 <div class="padding"></div>
6451
6452 <div class="entry">
6453 <div class="title">
6454 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Rub_n_Romero_y_Cordero.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Rubén Romero y Cordero</a>
6455 </div>
6456 <div class="date">
6457 16th February 2011
6458 </div>
6459 <div class="body">
6460 <p>Styret i foreningen som organiserer skolelinux-utviklersamlinger,
6461 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, er fullt av
6462 flinke folk. Denne gangen har jeg fått et ferskt styremedlem som
6463 kommer fra Ubuntu-miljøet i tale.</p>
6464
6465 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6466
6467 <p>Rubén Romero y Cordero, 81-modell, deltidspappa (50%) for en jente
64686 år. Jobber i Oslo som Global Sales Executive hos Varnish Software
6469 og til daglig har jeg kontakt med kunder fra hele verden. Min
6470 forkjærlighet for fri programvare har gjort at jeg har nå flere års
6471 erfaring med salg av slike løsninger (bl.a. fra Redpill Linpro og
6472 Freecode) og mye innsikt og kunnskap om det globale IT-markedet.
6473 Ellers er jeg involvert i flere prosjekter bl.a. er jeg Ubuntu
6474 Community medlem, kontaktpersonen for Ubuntu Norge og driveren av
6475 SpreadUbuntu marketing prosjektet og nå fersk styremedlem i FRISK. Jeg
6476 har brukt GNU/Linux siden 1997.</p>
6477
6478 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6479
6480 <p>Som Debian bruker siden slutten av 90-tallet var det uunngåelig å
6481 ikke komme bort i Skolelinux. Dette var vel i slutten av 2001 når jeg
6482 var student ved UiO. Flere år senere fikk jeg lastet og testet Venus
6483 (Skolelinux 1.0) på release dagen.</p>
6484
6485 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6486
6487 <p>Fri programvare bygges sten for sten i det åpne, slik at koden og
6488 prosessen den lages på kan gjennomskues av andre enn de som har laget
6489 det. Det er et vitenskapelig og gjennomsiktig måte å lage programvare
6490 på.</p>
6491
6492 <p>Skoler i vårt samfunn skal være steder hvor vitenskapelig kunnskap
6493 deles til alle. I dag har vi ikke et vitenskapelig tilnærming til
6494 hvordan programvaren som brukes på skolen lages. Skolelinux bringer
6495 inn at slik tilnærming i skoleverkets klasserom, siden
6496 operativsystemet er en åpent platform som gir skolene muligheten til å
6497 dra nytte av programvare som er laget av tusenvis av mennesker verden
6498 rundt og som gir elevene så vel som lærerne muligheten til å bruke,
6499 dele, forandre og forbedre OSet sitt uten begrensninger. I den
6500 forbindelsen representerer Skolelinux også konkrete resultater utfra
6501 samhandling på tvers av grenser.</p>
6502
6503 <p>Når det gjelder de tekniske fordelene av Skolelinux er jeg sikker
6504 på at andre enn meg har allerede beskrevet disse bedre enn det jeg
6505 kan. Men jeg kan likevel tilføye noe: Skolelinux som sådan er en
6506 community-drevet operativsystemplatform. Som i ethvert
6507 community-prosjekt har alle Skolelinux brukere muligheten til å
6508 påvirke retning av prosjektet og resultatet som gjenspeiles i
6509 programvaren. Dette kommer sjeldent frem og jeg mener at det er noe
6510 som burde fokuseres mer på.</p>
6511
6512 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6513
6514 <p>De største ulempene er:</p>
6515
6516 <ul>
6517 <li>Mangel på kompetanse</li>
6518 <li>Mangel av administrative verktøy som kunne hjelpe lokale IT
6519 avdelinger å bruke Skolelinux til mer enn bare en tjener for
6520 terminalklienter. Et eksempel: Zentyal sin web-dashboard.</li>
6521 </ul>
6522
6523 <p>Bedre og mer intuitive administrative verktøy kunne løst deler av
6524 problemet, men det er unektelig at ved bruk av Skolelinux må
6525 IT-personalet vite hva de gjør for å få ting gjort riktig, eller i det
6526 hele tatt. Med andre platformer er kompetansen enklere tilgjengelig og
6527 løsningene kan fungere på en tilfredstillende, om ikke riktig
6528 måte.</p>
6529
6530 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6531
6532 <p>Har brukt GNU/Linux utelukkende sommitt skrivebord OS siden 2000. I
6533 dag bruker jeg Ubuntu og gjør det meste med friprogramvare verktøyene
6534 som er tilgjengelige der. Med over 20.000 programmer å velge mellom er
6535 dette mer enn nok for de fleste brukerne.</p>
6536
6537 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6538 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6539
6540 <p>Opplysning og pragmatikk. Vi prøver å løse problemer med bruk av
6541 programvare. De fleste utfordringene skolene har på IKT-siden kan
6542 løses ved hjelp av friprogramvareverktøy i dag. Det som trenges er
6543 opplysning, kunnskap og kompetanse.</p>
6544
6545 </div>
6546 <div class="tags">
6547
6548
6549 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6550
6551
6552 </div>
6553 </div>
6554 <div class="padding"></div>
6555
6556 <div class="entry">
6557 <div class="title">
6558 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Morten_Amundsen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Morten Amundsen</a>
6559 </div>
6560 <div class="date">
6561 23rd January 2011
6562 </div>
6563 <div class="body">
6564 <p>Denne gangen er det Tromsøkontoret til Friprog-senteret, og nyvalgt
6565 styremedlem i <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen
6566 FRISK</a> jeg har fått i tale i min intervjuserie med
6567 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-folk.</p>
6568
6569 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6570
6571 <p>Jeg heter Morten Amundsen og jobber i
6572 <a href="http://www.friprog.no/">Friprog.no</a>, men er for tiden leid
6573 ut til <a href="http://www.bredbandsfylket.no/">Bredbåndsfylket
6574 Troms</a> der jeg jobber med ett prosjekt som heter
6575 "<a href="http://www.bredbandsfylket.no/skolefjoela.157417.no.html">Skolefjøla</a>"
6576 Vi ser på en åpen løsning som integrerer eksisterende lukkete
6577 løsninger sammen med fri programvare. Målet er å gi elever og lærere
6578 en plattform som de kan tilpasse utfra behov.</p>
6579
6580 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6581
6582 <p>Skolelinux har jeg møtt ved flere anledninger opp gjennom åra, både gjennom
6583 entusiastiske skolelinuxbrukere og skeptiske "forståsegpåere" :-)</p>
6584
6585 <p>Jeg husker en leverandør av et stort OS for noen år siden mente at
6586 Skolelinux var kun for hackere og nerder og at ingen seriøse skoler
6587 kunne ta dette i bruk. Heldigvis er kunnskapen større nå og
6588 skikkelige "IT-folk" søker alltid å utvide sin kunnskap.
6589
6590 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6591
6592 <p>Ja det er mange fordeler. Uavhengighet, stabilitet, åpenhet, standarder
6593 osv. Tror det er viktig at man ikke begrenser mulighetene på den plattformen
6594 elevene skal jobbe.</p>
6595
6596 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6597
6598 <p>Det største hinderet er det vi opplever på andre områder rundt
6599 fri programvare, nemlig kunnskap. For mange er det trygt å velge det vi
6600 alltid har valgt. Fordi leverandørene rundt oss sitter på den kunnskapen og
6601 de vi støtter oss på har den samme. Hvis vi klarer å riste løs litt og
6602 glemme gamle kriger mellom operativsystemer og leverandører, men sette ned
6603 hva som er viktig og velge ut fra det, så hadde man kanskje kommet ut med
6604 litt andre resultat. Jeg tror IT-folk er konservative og velger tradisjonelt
6605 og det er synd.</p>
6606
6607 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6608
6609 <p>Jeg bruker Ubuntu, Android, Jolicloud, Open Office, Zimbra, Picasa
6610 og Firefox samt en bråte med tjenester som er webbasert. Det eneste
6611 som er betalingslisens for er OSX. Ser at jeg jobber mer og mer i
6612 skyen og setter pris på alt jeg slipper egen klient til. Derfor er
6613 jeg veldig sjarmert av små kjappe operativsystemer som krever minimalt
6614 av maskinvaren.</p>
6615
6616 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6617 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6618
6619 <p>Tror en blanding av krav og informasjon er veien å gå. Krav om
6620 sikkerhet, oppetid og åpne standarder. Informasjon om muligheter og
6621 alternativer. Her har leverandører, IT-avdelinger og pedagoger en vei
6622 å gå sammen. Det er til slutt LÆRING det dreier seg om, og da må man
6623 få mest mulig læring for pengene man har.</p>
6624
6625 </div>
6626 <div class="tags">
6627
6628
6629 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6630
6631
6632 </div>
6633 </div>
6634 <div class="padding"></div>
6635
6636 <div class="entry">
6637 <div class="title">
6638 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Sturle_Sunde.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Sturle Sunde</a>
6639 </div>
6640 <div class="date">
6641 19th January 2011
6642 </div>
6643 <div class="body">
6644 <p>Denne gang har jeg fått tak i en mangeårig unix-mann som etter
6645 mange år ved Universitetet i Oslo, der jeg først traff ham, har
6646 flyttet tilbake til vestlandet, og der bidratt til å revitalisere
6647 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-oppsettet i
6648 Florø.</p>
6649
6650 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6651
6652 <p>Sturle Sunde, ansvarleg for skulenettet i Flora kommune. Eg driv,
6653 vidareutviklar og er andrelinje brukarstøtte for datanettet ved
6654 skulane i Flora kommune. 10 skular og meir enn 700 maskiner med
6655 Linux, medrekna tynnklientar. Tidlegare jobba eg i mange år med
6656 unix-drift ved Universitetets senter for informasjonsteknologi ved
6657 Universitetet i Oslo.</p>
6658
6659 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6660
6661 <p>Det er vanskeleg å svare konkret på. Eg har drive med Unix og Linux i
6662 alle år, og Skulelinux er eit godt kjent prosjekt i miljøet. Det var
6663 først i 2008, då eg tok til i min noverande jobb, at eg fekk bruk for
6664 Skulelinux for alvor.</p>
6665
6666 <p>Jobben min skulle vere drift av eit nytt skulenett i Flora kommune,
6667 levert av eit firma eg ikkje vil reklamere for. Systemet skulle vere
6668 ferdig levert i september året før. Dette viste seg å ta mykje lenger
6669 tid, og i haustferien 2008 hadde dei endå ikkje klart å få opp ei
6670 fungerande løysing. Situasjonen var prekær for den største skulen i
6671 kommunen med meir enn 500 elevar på ungdomssteget. Skulen hadde brukt
6672 Skulelinux før, og var tilfredse med det. No hadde dei vore utan
6673 fungerande datasystem i nesten eit år. Difor fekk eg opp ein ny tenar
6674 utanfor prosjektet og installerte Skulelinux på den. Etter litt
6675 justering av konfigurasjonen med god hjelp av #skolelinux på IRC, var
6676 den nye tenaren oppe og gjekk med både tynne og halv-tjukke klientar.
6677 Autentisering gjekk mot det nye systemet, slik at elevar og lærarar
6678 framleis har same brukarnamn og passord over alt. Dette berre
6679 fungerte, og vi bestemte oss for å erstatte delar av løysinga vi
6680 skulle få levert med Skulelinux.</p>
6681
6682 <p>Det høyrer med til historia at det nye systemet eg skulle drive frå
6683 januar 2008 endå ikkje er ferdig levert. Dei jobbar med saka, seier
6684 dei, og har von om å fullføre leveransen i løpet av 2011.</p>
6685
6686 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6687
6688 <p>Det er veldig mange. Eg skal ta nokre få.</p>
6689
6690 <p>Den viktigaste fordelen er at det igrunn berre er ei maskin å passe
6691 på, og det er tenaren. Med andre løysingar har ein gjerne programvare
6692 og anna som skal vedlikehaldast på kvar enkelt maskin. Med Skulelinux
6693 kan alle feil rettast og alle program oppgraderast på alle maskiner
6694 samstundes ved å gjere endringa som må til på tenaren. Eg kan sitje
6695 på kontoret og passe på alle tenarane i kommunen derifrå.</p>
6696
6697 <ul>
6698
6699 <li>Tynne klientar gjer det mogleg å bruke eldre utstyr lenge, so lenge
6700 tenaren er sterk nok. Ein liten tenar med eit par halv-moderne CPUar
6701 og 2 GiB RAM held lenge for eit typisk klasserom med 30 tynnklientar,
6702 og det er lett å utvide med fleire.
6703
6704 <li>Halvtjukke klientar gjer det mogleg å utnytte kapasiteten i litt
6705 nyare maskiner betre, og avlaste tenaren. Ingenting vert installert
6706 lokalt på desse heller, og harddisken kan gjerne koblast frå. Gode
6707 halvtjukke klientar kan kjøpast brukt for under 1000-lappen, og det er
6708 heile kostnaden. Ingen lisensar eller anna på toppen, og det er ikkje
6709 krav til kraftigare tenar heller.
6710
6711 <li>Det er Linux. Vi har ikkje noko kluss med drivarar, dei berre er
6712 der. Heller ikkje med virus, dei finst i realiteten ikkje. Eller med
6713 elevar som klussar med installert programvare, for dei klarar ikkje å
6714 øydeleggje for nokon andre enn seg sjølve.
6715
6716 </ul>
6717
6718 <p>Skulelinux er lagt opp til å vere veldig lett å installere rett ut
6719 av boksen på ein heil skule av ein interessert lærar. Det er ofte ei
6720 god løysing for skulen. Å ha nokon til stades som kjenner systemet og
6721 kan forklare enkle ting eller løyse problem der og då, er uvurderleg
6722 viktig for ein stressa lærar fem minutt før det ringer inn.</p>
6723
6724 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6725
6726 <p>All den ferdige konfigurasjonen gjer det tungvint å tilpasse
6727 Skulelinux til eit system som skal fungere saman med mange andre
6728 installasjonar i eit felles datanett for skulane i ein kommune. Det
6729 heile er prekonfigurert for ein skule, og utviding til mange skular
6730 med eigne tenarar er ikkje berre enkelt.</p>
6731
6732 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6733
6734 <p>Eg brukar mest alle små hjelpeprogram som føl med operativsystemet,
6735 samt scriptspråket perl. Elles er Firefox/Iceweasel, Gnome-terminal
6736 og ssh i kontinuerleg bruk. Av Linux-distribusjonar brukar eg både
6737 Debian, Ubuntu, SuSE og RedHat dagleg. Eg prøvar å finne det verktyet
6738 som passar best til kvar del av jobben.</p>
6739
6740 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6741 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6742
6743 <p>Det er to målgrupper ein må sikte mot. Det eine er alle skulane som
6744 manglar eller har eit lite tilfredsstillande opplegg i dag, og ikkje
6745 har råd til å kjøpe noko nytt og blankpussa opplegg. Der er det om å
6746 gjere å gjere det enkelt for skulane å finne Skulelinux, og gjere det
6747 enkelt for dei å få hjelp til installasjon på skulen. Gjerne med
6748 lokale kontaktpersonar. Her er det dugnadsinnsats som må til, for
6749 desse skulane har ikkje råd til å betale for dette.</p>
6750
6751 <p>Den andre og kanskje viktigare målgruppa er dei meir eller mindre
6752 profesjonelle kundane. Alle store offentlege innkjøp, inkludert
6753 innkjøp av nytt datasystem for skular, må ut på offentleg anbod.
6754 Offentlege anbod er mykje meir lukka enn dei gjev inntrykk av, og både
6755 regelboka og boka med triks for å sminke tilbodet er tjukk. Det er
6756 vanskeleg å komme inn utan eit solid salsapparat i ryggen. Kanskje
6757 Skulelinux skulle prøve aktivt å få seg eit partnarskap med eit av dei
6758 store som gjerne vil sterkare inn på den offentlege IT-marknaden?
6759 Nokon som kjenner triksa og har krefter til å ta opp kampen mot både
6760 dårlege anbod og Rudolf Blostrupmoen IT AS. Leveranse til skulane i
6761 ein kommune er ein god måte å få ein fot inn døra som leverandør til
6762 ein lukrativ kommunemarknad som kjøper alle tenester. Ta kontakt med
6763 nokon som er passeleg store og ikkje er Microsoft-partnar, og fortell:
6764 «Vi har eit ferdig produkt som du kan selje. Nei vi skal ikkje ha for
6765 det. Du kan gjerne gjere kva du vil med det, berre vi får lov til å
6766 hjelpe deg. Målgruppa er alle kommunar, og det er noko dei vil ha.
6767 Det er eit godt produkt, brukt av mange og godt likt.»</p>
6768
6769 </div>
6770 <div class="tags">
6771
6772
6773 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6774
6775
6776 </div>
6777 </div>
6778 <div class="padding"></div>
6779
6780 <div class="entry">
6781 <div class="title">
6782 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Embrik_Kaslegard.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Embrik Kaslegard</a>
6783 </div>
6784 <div class="date">
6785 16th January 2011
6786 </div>
6787 <div class="body">
6788 <p>Neste ut i min intervjuserie med folk i
6789 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a> er
6790 lærer, mangeårig bidragsyter på epostlistene og tidligere
6791 Skolelinux-administrator på en skole i Hemsedal.</p>
6792
6793 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6794
6795 <p>Embrik Kaslegard, 1964-modell, fire barn (7-20 år). Begynte som
6796 lærer i 1989 - har hatt IKT-ansvar siden første året i jobb. Har
6797 jobbet som lærer/IKT-ansvarlig uavbrutt siden 1989. Jobbet med
6798 Skolelinux fra 2004 til 2010. Nå har jeg fått ny arbeidsplass og er
6799 40% lærer og 60% IKT med Windows XP, Win2003 server og et regionalt
6800 IKT-regime som legger premissene og begrensingene for hva vi kan gjøre
6801 på skolen.</p>
6802
6803 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6804
6805 <p>Jeg leste en artikkel om en dugnadsinstallasjon av Skolelinux på en
6806 skole på Jæren et sted. Tanken om dugnad og frihet appellerte til
6807 meg. Da vi skulle bygge ny skole var det en del vi måtte spare på,
6808 fordi vi beveget oss mot en kostnadssprekk. Kabling og investering i
6809 PC-er var en av tingene vi sparte på. Derfor kjøpe vi 72 pc-er for 390
6810 pr stk. En filtjener og en applikasjonsserver.</p>
6811
6812 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6813
6814 <p>Fordelen er at så mye er satt opp fra starten. I tillegg er det
6815 tydelig at pakka er laga for skoleverket. Brukerne har egne
6816 skrivebord, tilgang på mange gode verktøyprogrammer. Vi slipper å
6817 tenke på virus. Brukerne har ikke mulighet til å ødelegge
6818 klientoppsett, men har gode muligheter til å endre eget oppsett. Dette
6819 tror jeg er inspirerende og kjekt for mange brukere. Mappestrukturen
6820 er ferdig og det er "enkelt" å designe lokale mappestrukturer via
6821 skeleton. Noen av oss i skoleverket mener skolen skal være en
6822 "mot-kultur". Da er Skolelinux et av valgene man kan ta. Et annet er å
6823 spise på indisk restaurant i stedet for Mc Donald's når vi er på bytur
6824 osv.. Ordene deling, frihet, dugnad osv er positive ord i
6825 skoleverket. Det er viktig at elevene blir bevisst dette.</p>
6826
6827 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6828
6829 <p>Kompabiliteten er selvsagt et problem, selv om det er mindre nå enn
6830 før. For IKT-personer på skolene som skal drifte dette er det
6831 problematisk med kommandoer i terminalen. I tillegg er det alt for
6832 mange programmer i Skolelinux som ikke blir brukt. Jeg tror
6833 Skolelinux er tjent med å tone ned begrepet pedagogisk programvare.
6834 Slik jeg ser det finnes ikke denne kategorien programmer lengre slik
6835 de gjorde før, som frittsående programmer som installeres på en
6836 datamaskin eller på serveren. Det finnes en del spesialpedagogiske
6837 programmer, som Textpilot, LingDys, LingRight, AskiRaski, Ny i Norge
6838 osv. Men dette er programmer for enkelt-elever eller små grupper av
6839 elever. Det som bør være fokus er at alle undervisningsressurser som
6840 lages for nettet skal være nettleseruavhengig.</p>
6841
6842 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6843
6844 <p>OpenOffice bruker jeg til vanlig kontorarbeide. VLC bruker jeg som
6845 videoavspiller og av og til streaming av film. Gimp bruker jeg i
6846 undervisningen til bildemanipulering. Firefox og Chrome er mine
6847 favoritt-nettlesere. Firefox har lenge vært førstevalget mitt, nå
6848 bruker jeg mest Chrome. Opplever den som raskere og smidigere enn
6849 Firefox. Ubuntu bruker jeg som dualboot på jobb-maskinen min i
6850 tillegg til at alle PCer hjemme har en eller annen Ubuntu-distribusjon
6851 installert. Jeg bruker Clonezilla på Ubuntu 10.04 til kloning av
6852 datamaskiner på jobb. Det er selvsagt en haug andre frie programmer
6853 jeg bruker men jeg bruker dem ikke daglig. Jeg kan ramse opp:
6854 recordmydesktop, cinelerra, acidrip, soundjuicer, audacity, NX
6855 (no-machine), Kino, Rythmbox...</p>
6856
6857 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6858 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6859
6860 <p>Jeg tror oppsøkende virksomhet er den rette strategien.
6861 Ressurspersoner gjør avtaler med rådmenn, skolesjefer, rektorer. Det
6862 er slik konkurrentene gjør det. Fokuset i slike samtaler bør være
6863 kost-nytte. Dersom personer med økonomisk ansvar ser at de kan få
6864 like godt tilbud til mindre utgifter, tror jeg det er mulighet til å
6865 få innpass. Dersom de også kan få konkrete tilbud på drift i slike
6866 samtaler, vil de kanskje bli litt mer interesserte i hvor mye penger
6867 som faktisk går til IKT i skolene. Det er også viktig at vi ikke
6868 firer for mye på krav til datamaskiner. Det er flott at Skolelinux
6869 går på "utrangert" utstyr, men dette bør bare presenteres som et
6870 alternativ. Skolelinux-installasjoner med utrangert utstyr er ikke å
6871 foretrekke dersom man kan unngå det. Det skaper ikke entusiasme hos
6872 brukerne (elever og lærere) når de bruker gamle datamaskiner som går
6873 tregt. Det er kjempefint med skoler som har kommet seg frem til
6874 Skolelinux og fri programvare av seg selv, men de lever på nåde.
6875 Slike valg må fundamenteres hos skoleeier.</p>
6876
6877 <p>Oppdatering 2011-01-16 22:40: Oppdatert svarene for de tre siste
6878 spørsmålene litt mer tekst fra Embrik.</p>
6879
6880 </div>
6881 <div class="tags">
6882
6883
6884 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6885
6886
6887 </div>
6888 </div>
6889 <div class="padding"></div>
6890
6891 <div class="entry">
6892 <div class="title">
6893 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Viggo_Fedreheim.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Viggo Fedreheim</a>
6894 </div>
6895 <div class="date">
6896 12th January 2011
6897 </div>
6898 <div class="body">
6899 <p>Jeg fortsetter min intervjuserie med folk i
6900 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a>. Denne
6901 gang er det en av folkene som har vært med lenge og som har tatt i
6902 bruk Skolelinux på alle skolene i Narvik kommune som skal i ilden.
6903 Han er styremedlem i
6904 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen
6905 FRISK</a>.</p>
6906
6907 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6908
6909 <p>Mitt navn er Viggo Fedreheim, og jeg er pedagogisk og teknisk
6910 IKT-veileder for alle skoler i Narvik kommune. Jeg drifter totalt 17
6911 servere basert på Skolelinux og Debian. Jeg holder i tillegg noen kurs
6912 mellom all driftingen. For tiden arbeider jeg med en sentral
6913 LDAP-tjener for alle skoleservere samt våre Moodle- og
6914 Joomla-installasjoner.</p>
6915
6916 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6917
6918 <p>Gjennom en eller annen nettavis i 2001 der var det skrevet om
6919 Skolelinux. Artikkelen ga meg lyst til å prøve ut systemet.</p>
6920
6921 <p>Det startet i 2002 ved at jeg installerte en av de første utgavene
6922 av Skolelinux på en standard pc på Solneset skole i Tromsø. Denne var
6923 oppe fram til desember 2003 da jeg sluttet på den skolen og begynte i
6924 ny jobb i Narvik kommune.</p>
6925
6926 <p> I Narvik kommune var det i 2004 kun 2 servere på da totalt 15
6927 skoler. Disse var Windows NT baserte. På disse to skolene var det lite
6928 med maskiner. Jobben med å få Narvik Kommune opp på akseptabelt nivå
6929 virket å være formidabel. Men med hjelp av gode kollegaer og leder
6930 skrev jeg en IKT plan for Narvik kommune som ble vedtatt av politikere
6931 i august 2004. I denne planen ble det bestemt at Narvik kommune skulle
6932 bruke Skolelinux. Her ble det også satt av midler til kabling av god
6933 infrastruktur på alle skoler samt innkjøp av nye datamaskiner. Så i
6934 dag har vi 17 servere hvorav 13 er på Skolelinux, med ca 1500 klienter
6935 basert på tynne, "halvtykke" og et stort antall bærbare pcer basert på
6936 Kubuntu.</p>
6937
6938 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6939
6940 <p>Lisenskostnader, driftkostnader og hardwarekrav som er mye lavere
6941 enn for andre systemer.</p>
6942
6943 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6944
6945 <p>Pedagogiske programvare som ikke fungerer mot Linux. En Stoooor
6946 flaskehals og som gjør at Linux kanskje ikke blir valgt andre
6947 plasser.</p>
6948
6949 <p>Eksempler er Relemo, Lindys (lingit sine programmer), 5plus
6950 (matematikk). Disse er programmer som ikke lar seg kjøre i Linux.</p>
6951
6952 <p> Men det ser ut for at mange leverandører går over til mer
6953 nettbaserte programmer istedet for å installere lokalt. Dette med
6954 enkelte leverandører som ikke kan levere programmer til Linux er et
6955 lite problem og over tid tror jeg at denne barrieren er borte.</p>
6956
6957 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6958
6959 <p>Kjører Kubuntu på laptoper, Debian squeeze på stasjonær
6960 kontorpc. Ut over dette arbeder jeg svært mye via konsoll mot andre
6961 servere.</p>
6962
6963 </div>
6964 <div class="tags">
6965
6966
6967 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6968
6969
6970 </div>
6971 </div>
6972 <div class="padding"></div>
6973
6974 <div class="entry">
6975 <div class="title">
6976 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Arnt_Ove_Gregersen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Arnt Ove Gregersen</a>
6977 </div>
6978 <div class="date">
6979 9th January 2011
6980 </div>
6981 <div class="body">
6982 <p>Inspirert av
6983 <a href="http://raphaelhertzog.com/tag/interview/">intervjurunden</a>
6984 som Raphael Hertzog har startet med folk i Debianprosjektet, fikk jeg
6985 lyst til å gjøre det samme med folk i
6986 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a>. Håpet
6987 er at de som til daglig bidrar til å fremme fri programvare i
6988 skoleverket og utvikler en linux-distribusjon spesiallaget for
6989 skolebruk kan bli bedre kjent og kanskje inspirere flere til å bidra
6990 til Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
6991
6992 <p>Først ut er nyvalgt leder i
6993 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen FRISK</a> som
6994 organiserer utviklingen av Skolelinux-distribusjonen. FRISK trenger
6995 alltid flere medlemmer, så
6996 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/index.php?page=signup">meld
6997 deg gjerne inn</a> hvis du vil støtte oss.</p>
6998
6999 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7000
7001 <p><!-- Mitt navn er Arnt Ove Gregersen, jeg er en småbarnfar på 32 år som
7002 for tiden bor Trondheim. -->
7003 Mitt navn er Arnt Ove Gregersen, jeg er 32 år og bor for tiden i Trondheim.
7004
7005 Her jobber jeg som systemutvikler i et firma
7006 som heter <a href="http://www.geomatikk-ikt.no/">Geomatikk IKT AS</a>,
7007 hvor jeg er på et Vegmeldings-prosjekt for Statens Vegvesen. På
7008 fritiden er jeg styreleder i FRISK (Fri programvare i skolen) og
7009 bidrar til bl.a. Skolelinux-prosjektet når jeg får tid til det. Det er
7010 primært hjemmesiden til Skolelinux-prosjektet og
7011 <a href="http://linuxveiviseren.no/">Linux-veiviseren</a> jeg har
7012 jobbet med her, men jeg har også gjort en del arbeid i forhold til
7013 FRISK sin hjemmeside.</p>
7014
7015 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7016
7017 <p>Jeg var på en presentasjon av prosjektet i regi av Knut Yrvin på
7018 Gløshaugen i Trondheim, hvor jeg fattet stor interesse for prosjektet
7019 og ville hjelpe til så godt jeg kunne. Dette var vel i 2002 eller
7020 2003.</p>
7021
7022 <p>Jeg hadde fra før hørt om prosjektet fra før og syntes tanken bak var
7023 ganske fin, men hadde ikke noen interesse av bruke min egen fritid på
7024 det selv.</p>
7025
7026 <p>I etterkant av presentasjonen startet jeg og noen andre fra
7027 Trondheim "Skolelinux-prosjektet i Sør-Trøndelag" . Hvor vi var med å
7028 bidra til at Trondheim kommune satte igang Selsbakk ungdomskole som et
7029 pilotprosjekt med Skolelinux, som egentlig var og er en stor suksess,
7030 men det virker ut som det ikke skjer noe mer på. I tillegg var vi med
7031 på dugnad på Brundalen videregående skole hvor vi installerte
7032 Skolelinux som såvidt jeg vet fortsatt kjører på Skolelinux.</p>
7033
7034 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7035
7036 <p>Det bygger på fri programvare og har lav kostnad i forhold til
7037 nytteverdien. Dette fordi det har forholdsvis lav inngangsum og bruker
7038 en arkitektur med sentral-drift som gir mange driftfordeler. I
7039 tillegg vil det kunne frigjøre kostnader for skolene slik at de kan
7040 bruke dem til å ansette f,eks flere lærere om det er ønskelig.</p>
7041
7042 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7043
7044 <P>Ikke all pedagogisk programvare er tilgjengelig der, som f.eks
7045 Drillpro om jeg ikke husker feil.</p>
7046
7047 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7048
7049 <p>Til utvikling av Java-applikasjoner og Android bruker jeg Eclipse og
7050 Quanta til web-utvikling via php. For all bildebehandling bruker jeg
7051 GIMP og Blender til 3d-modellering . Dessverre har Blender en bratt
7052 læringskurve i starten, men det er absolutt verdt det.
7053
7054 <p>Til musikk bruker jeg stort Rhytmbox. Firefox til surfing på nettet og
7055 Thunderbird og Evolution til e-post,
7056
7057 <p>På database-siden bruker jeg PostgreSQL, Postgis og av og til Mysql.
7058
7059 <p>Når jeg får tid til å spille bruker jeg som regel et strategi-spill
7060 som er basert på TA Spring-motoren (springrts.com), her er det et
7061 veldig bra utvalg av gratis spill som er av høy kvalitet. Veldig lett
7062 å bli hektet :)</p>
7063
7064 </div>
7065 <div class="tags">
7066
7067
7068 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7069
7070
7071 </div>
7072 </div>
7073 <div class="padding"></div>
7074
7075 <div class="entry">
7076 <div class="title">
7077 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Inspirerende_fra_en_ukjent_Skolelinux_skole.html">Inspirerende fra en ukjent Skolelinux-skole</a>
7078 </div>
7079 <div class="date">
7080 4th January 2011
7081 </div>
7082 <div class="body">
7083 <p>Følgende inspirerende historie fant jeg i
7084 <a href="http://www.digi.no/php/ny_debatt.php?id=858869#innlegg_770926">kommentarfeltet
7085 hos digi.no</a> i forbindelse med en trist sak om hvordan
7086 <a href="http://www.digi.no/858869/datakaos-etter-linux-satsing">skolen
7087 i Hemsedal har fått ødelagt</a> sin Skolelinux-installasjon. Jeg har
7088 fikset endel åpenbare skrivefeil for lesbarhetens skyld.</p>
7089
7090 <blockquote>
7091 <p><strong>Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
7092 <br>av Inspektør Siri (gjest)
7093
7094 <p>Kommunen min har to omtrent jevnstore tettsteder, og en
7095 ungdomsskole i hvert av tettstedene. Den minste av disse har ca 300
7096 elever og til denne sogner det 3 barneskoler. Den største har ca 350
7097 elever og til denne sogner det 4 barneskoler.</p>
7098
7099 <ul>
7100
7101 <li>Kommunen har i veldig lang tid forsømt IKT i skolen, og det har
7102 bare blitt gitt smuler i ny og ne. Det er kun den største av
7103 ungdomsskolene som har hatt en skikkelig datapark, og dette takket
7104 være en naturfaglærer som ble lei av å vente på kommunen. Det gjorde
7105 at vi bestemte oss for å ta ting i egne hender, og da vha
7106 skolelinux. En testinstallasjon med 10 gamle PCer ble gjort, og vi så
7107 raskt at dette var veldig lovende. Neste etappe var å gi alle lærere
7108 egen PC på arbeidsplassene sine (2004), og så sette opp 16 PCer på to
7109 datarom. Vi har kun basert oss på å kjøpe inn brukte maskiner, og
7110 aldri dyrere enn 1000 kr pr klient. For to år siden så hadde vi
7111 klienter i alle klasserom, og totalt hadde vi da rundt 250 stk. Rundt
7112 40 klienter brukes av lærerne og kjører på en egen server. Elvene har
7113 resten, og kjører også en egen server. Servere har vi også kjøpt
7114 brukt, 2 år gamle servere koster 6-7000 kroner.</li>
7115
7116 <li>Skolen vår er et relativt gammelt bygg, men en meget dyktig
7117 vaktmester har sammen med IKT-ansvarlig/Naturfaglærer lagt kabler til alle
7118 rom. Gradvis har vi byttet ut billige svitsjer med mer solide saker
7119 som er mulig å fjernstyre.</li>
7120
7121 <li>Vi har i all hovedsak greid å få dette til over eget budsjett, men
7122 vi har også passet på å få penger når de andre skolene har fått
7123 bærbare PCer til lærere osv.</li>
7124
7125 <li>Vår IKT-ansvarlig har gjort (og gjør) en fenomenal jobb, og vi har
7126 en maskinpark som de andre av kommunens skoler bare kan drømme
7127 om.</li>
7128
7129 </ul>
7130
7131 <p>Så skjer det som ofte skjer. Det kommer en eller annen
7132 selger/blåruss og skal fikse ALT. I vårt tilfelle betyr dette også
7133 sentralisering av drift. Den ny-ansatte på kommunens IT-avdelingen
7134 skal også ha jobb, og ser for seg å ta over skoledriften. Kommunen
7135 kjøper inn eksterne driftstjenester, og nekter i samme slengen å ta
7136 hensyn til skolen vår. Dette til tross for at vi alene har like mange
7137 datamaskiner som de andre til sammen. </p>
7138
7139 <ul>
7140
7141 <li>Det blir krevd at vi skal innlemmes i de kommunale systemet, og
7142 det er VI som får ansvar for at dette kommer på plass. Og det er her
7143 de horrible tingene begynner å skje. </li>
7144
7145 <li>Det settes opp en lukket Exchange server som gjør av vi ikke kan
7146 hente epost for våre ansatte. Og det kreves at vi finner løsning på
7147 dette.</li>
7148
7149 <li>Det velges sak arkivsystem som vi pålegges å bruke, noe som gjør
7150 at vi må bruke en terminalløsning mot kommunal server. Ikke i seg selv
7151 et problem i følge IKT-ansvarlig hos oss. Men kommunens IT-avd nektet
7152 faktisk å åpne de porter OSV som vi måtte bruke.</li>
7153
7154 <li>Vi blir pålagt å flytte på innsiden av det kommunale
7155 nettverket. Dette gjorde at vi mistet hjemmekontor for lærere og
7156 elever. Å få åpnet porter i kommunal brannmur var ikke
7157 aktuelt. Mulighet for fjerndrift ble også vekk i samme slengen. </li>
7158
7159 <li>Vår LMS Moodle er ikke mulig å nå for elevene og lærerne.
7160
7161 </ul>
7162
7163 <p>Den andre ungdomsskolen i kommunen begynner så å kreve at de skal
7164 få bedre datatetthet, og komme opp på et nivå som ligner det vi
7165 har. De ser at vi kan avholde eksamen hvor alle 10. klassingene får
7166 sitte ved hver sin PC. Og de har fått tilbakemelding (klager) fra VGS
7167 om manglende datakompetanse på elevene som kommer fra dem. Dette fører
7168 videre til at kommunen endelig innser at de må ta grep. </p>
7169
7170 <p>Grepet betyr sentralisering, og farvel til vår plattform får vi
7171 høre. Det blir gjort en rekke bestemmelser og vedtak som vi ikke får
7172 være en del av. Det blir helt klart at vi må redusere antall maskiner,
7173 og det skal satses på bærbare maskiner. Siden vi ikke har fått tatt
7174 del i prosessene som angår oss, så bruker vi fagforening. Vi har ikke
7175 blitt hørt i forbindelse med endringer som er betydelig for vår
7176 hverdag, og greier å stoppe omlegging. I tillegg så har vi et politisk
7177 vedtak i kommunen på at vi skal kjøre Linux på elevnett, og dette
7178 vedtaket kan ikke administrasjonen i kommunene helt uten videre
7179 tilsidesette. </p>
7180
7181 <p>I sum har dette gjort at vi har fått jobbe videre i fred. Og en del
7182 runder i kommunens kontrollutvalg har gjort det tydelig at vi har blitt
7183 systematisk motarbeidet. </p>
7184
7185 <p>I dag har de andre skolene fått sine bærbare maskiner til elever og
7186 lærere, men etter 2 år med innkjøring er det fremdeles problemer
7187 her. </p>
7188
7189 <ul>
7190
7191 <li>Ungdomsskolen med windows kan ikke kjøre eksamen med sine bærbare,
7192 det er for mye arbeid å renske disse for innhold slik at juks ikke er
7193 mulig.</li>
7194
7195 <li>Utskrift er et mareritt, etter sigende pga at utskrift først
7196 sendes til sentral server, og så sendes ut til rett skriver. I snitt
7197 så tar det 7-8 minutter før utskrift starter på enkelte av
7198 skolene.</li>
7199
7200 <li>Trådløst skaper store problemer, og det er i perioder helt umulig
7201 å komme seg på nett. Og lagring på felles server er bare å glemme i
7202 perioder.</li>
7203
7204 </ul>
7205
7206 <p>Vi har slitt mye, kranglet og sloss. Ikke med tekniske problemer,
7207 men med omgivelsene rundt som vil oss til livs. Men det har vært verdt
7208 hver dråpe med svette, og timer med irritasjon. Men vi har begynt å få
7209 rutine her nå. </p>
7210
7211 <ul>
7212
7213 <li>Vi har fremdeles et system som vi styrer helt selv. </li>
7214 <li>Vi har vist at argumentet med at vår IKT-ansvarlig kan finne seg annen jobb ikke holder mål. Vi har kjøpt driftskonto hos et firma i tilfelle krise, og vi har kjørt opplæring på flere av de yngre lærerne. </li>
7215 <li>Vi har til enhver tid en lærling IKT driftsfag, og velger selvsagt ut dem som satser på Linux. Vi har nå begynt å få tilbake av våre tidligere elever som vil til oss nettopp fordi vi har Linux.</li>
7216 <li>Vi har vist at vi greier å opprettholde en dobbelt så stor datapark som naboskolen, og det til en billigere penge. </li>
7217 <li>Vi har datastøtte og support på huset, ALLTID tilgjengelig. De andre skolene må vente flere dager hvis det ikke er noe kritisk. </li>
7218 <li>Vår IKT-ansvarlig har 50% stilling som lærer og 50% som IKT-ansvarlig. </li>
7219 <li>Vi har en lærer på hvert trinn som har 3 timer i uka til å drive support/støtte til de andre lærerne. </li>
7220 <li>Vi opplever at de yngste lærerne ved den andre ungdomsskolen ønsker seg over til oss. </li>
7221
7222 </ul>
7223
7224 <p>Vi skal i løpet av året starte prosess med å planlegge ny skole, og vi har fått gjennomslag for at jeg (inspektør) og IKT-ansvarlig skal ha det fulle og hele ansvar for IKT/Infrastruktur. Begrunnelsen vår som ble avgjørende her, var at IT-avd i kommunen ikke kan noe om data i skolen. </p>
7225
7226 <p>Beklager hvis dette ble litt usammenhengende, men det ble tastet i
7227 fei, og jeg har ikke lest gjennom</p>
7228 </blockquote>
7229
7230 <p>Det kom raskt et lite svar:</p>
7231
7232 <blockquote>
7233 <p><strong>SV: Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
7234 <br>av captain_obvious</p>
7235
7236 <p>Inspirerende å lese. Har dere gjort noe for å fortelle denne
7237 historien videre?</p>
7238
7239 <p>Hadde vært svært interessant om dere tok kontakt med dokument 2 eller
7240 lignende for å fortelle hvordan det egentlig står til med
7241 IT-satsningen i kommune-Norge. Om ikke annet kan du begynner med å
7242 raffinere innlegget ditt og få en gjesteartikkel på digi.no</p>
7243 </blockquote>
7244
7245 <p>Og deretter en lengre oppfølging.</p>
7246
7247 <blockquote>
7248 <p><strong>SV: Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
7249 <br>av Inspektør Siri (gjest)
7250
7251 <p>Joda, vi har lekt med tanken, og vi har t.o.m skrevet flere lengre
7252 leserinnlegg myntet på aviser. Disse er ikke sendt til aviser, men
7253 brukt internt i forbindelse med møter med kommune. Vår IKT-ansvarlig
7254 har også truet med å si opp jobben sin hvis det ikke ble tatt hensyn i
7255 større grad enn hva som har vært tilfelle. VI kan også dokumentere
7256 flere brudd på anbudsregler, og vi kjenner til at relativt store
7257 IT-leverandører som ikke har fått tatt del i disse anbudene, rett og
7258 slett ikke tør melde fra av redsel for å få et dårlig rykte. </p>
7259
7260 <p>Alt ser ut til å roe seg ned, og vi har fått opp øynene på
7261 politikerne. I sum gjør dette at vi ikke ønsker for mye publisitet nå,
7262 det vil bare rote til igjen. </p>
7263
7264 <p>Jeg glemte å nevne at vi nå nesten ikke bruker tid på å drifte
7265 systemet vårt, noe som gjør at det aller meste av tid blir brukt til å
7266 støtte lærerne og elevene. F.eks så bruker vår IKT-ansvarlig den
7267 første timen på jobb, 0730-0830 kun til å gå ute på arbeidsplassene
7268 til læreren. Dette for å kunne svare på små og store problem, gi tips
7269 og råd, eller bare for å plukke opp hva som er behovet ute i
7270 undervisningsarealene. Det er dessverre ikke slik at alle lærerne har
7271 nok digital kompetanse til å kunne formulere alle spørsmålene de har,
7272 men ved å kunne få vise eller lufte tanker med IKT-ansvarlig så er det
7273 utrolig hva som kommer fram. </p>
7274
7275 <ul>
7276
7277 <li>Jeg ser at mange bruker økonomi som argument i forhold til å bruke
7278 SkoleLinux, og jeg skal ikke legge skjul på at det var dette som i
7279 utgangspunktet var årsaken til vårt valg. Men diskusjonene og kampen
7280 med kommunens IT-avdeling har gjort at vi har fått et noe annet
7281 fokus. Fordelene med drift og stabilitet, gjør at vi ville ha valgt
7282 samme løsning selv om den var dyrere. At vi slipper langt billigere
7283 unna, som følge av 0,- lisenskostnader og lave maskinvarekostnader, er
7284 bare en bonus. </li>
7285
7286 <li>Etter å ha kranglet oss til å få skikkelig oversikt over hva de
7287 andre skolene i kommunen bruker på IT, så har vi fått gehør for å få
7288 samme midler til innkjøp. Dette har gjort at vi nå kan kjøpe inn
7289 utstyr som de andre skolene bare kan se langt etter. Vi har nettopp
7290 kjøpt inn 3 videokamera i semiproff-klassen for å kunne lage film,
7291 samt sende live fra skoleteater/konserter. Vi har kjøpt inn digitale
7292 kompaktkamera til alle klassene. Vi har et team av lærere som skal i
7293 gang med å teste ut tablets på svake elever. Håpet et at teknologien
7294 kan være med på å gi noen av elevene litt mer motivasjon. Vi har kjøpt
7295 inn et halvt klassesett med pulsklokker, noe som har vist seg å være
7296 overraskende inspirerende for en del av elevene. Vi har også oss på
7297 fag på en høyskole litt lengre sør for oss, slik at 3 av oss nå skal
7298 ta faget "Linux tjenestedrift". Som inspektør og en del av skolens
7299 administrasjon er det veldig praktisk å kunne trå til hvis det
7300 kniper. Men IKT-ansvarlig har vært UTROLIG flink til å lage rene
7301 smørbrødlister for hvordan de mest vanlige driftsproblem løses, så det
7302 er lett for flere av oss å ta del i den daglige driften. Vi har svært
7303 stor nytte av lærling (som også hjelper to av naboskolene), men det er
7304 nesten blitt slik at det er om å gjøre å komme til først for å få løse
7305 problem. Det å få fingrene på problem og utfordringer er den aller
7306 beste læremester. </li>
7307
7308 </ul>
7309
7310 <p>Når vi nå tar til med planlegging av ny skole, så vil det være med
7311 tanke på at det skal være mulig med datautstyr på alle plasser. Vi
7312 kommer i all hovedsak til å legge kabel til alle tenkelige og
7313 utenkelige plasser. WiFi koster tilnærmet NULL å sette opp i
7314 ettertid.</p>
7315
7316 <p>Vi har ikke vært noe flink til å bidra til SkoleLinux-prosjektet,
7317 vi har rett og slett vært for opptatt med vår egen kamp. Vi har hentet
7318 mye inspirasjon fra diskusjoner som har gått i det miljøet, og vi
7319 håper at vi nå framover kan få tid til å bidra. Vi er i ferd med å
7320 bytte ut en av serverne våre, og da vil denne trolig bli satt opp som
7321 testserver for neste versjon av Skolelinux. På den måten vil vi i alle
7322 fall kunne gi tilbakemeldinger og rapportere feil. I tillegg så vil
7323 det kanskje gi oss noen nye utfordringer, for som lærlingen vår sier:
7324 "Skolelinux er noe herk, det skjer jo ikke noe galt og hvordan skal
7325 jeg da lære?"</p>
7326
7327 </blockquote>
7328
7329 <p>Det er veldig hyggelig å høre at
7330 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> fungerer så bra i
7331 skoleverdagen etter å ha jobbet med det i 10 år.</p>
7332
7333 </div>
7334 <div class="tags">
7335
7336
7337 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7338
7339
7340 </div>
7341 </div>
7342 <div class="padding"></div>
7343
7344 <div class="entry">
7345 <div class="title">
7346 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_test_if_a_laptop_is_working_with_Linux.html">How to test if a laptop is working with Linux</a>
7347 </div>
7348 <div class="date">
7349 22nd December 2010
7350 </div>
7351 <div class="body">
7352 <p>The last few days I have spent at work here at the <a
7353 href="http://www.uio.no/">University of Oslo</a> testing if the new
7354 batch of computers will work with Linux. Every year for the last few
7355 years the university have organised shared bid of a few thousand
7356 computers, and this year HP won the bid. Two different desktops and
7357 five different laptops are on the list this year. We in the UNIX
7358 group want to know which one of these computers work well with RHEL
7359 and Ubuntu, the two Linux distributions we currently handle at the
7360 university.</p>
7361
7362 <p>My test method is simple, and I share it here to get feedback and
7363 perhaps inspire others to test hardware as well. To test, I PXE
7364 install the OS version of choice, and log in as my normal user and run
7365 a few applications and plug in selected pieces of hardware. When
7366 something fail, I make a note about this in the test matrix and move
7367 on. If I have some spare time I try to report the bug to the OS
7368 vendor, but as I only have the machines for a short time, I rarely
7369 have the time to do this for all the problems I find.</p>
7370
7371 <p>Anyway, to get to the point of this post. Here is the simple tests
7372 I perform on a new model.</p>
7373
7374 <ul>
7375
7376 <li>Is PXE installation working? I'm testing with RHEL6, Ubuntu Lucid
7377 and Ubuntu Maverik at the moment. If I feel like it, I also test with
7378 RHEL5 and Debian Edu/Squeeze.</li>
7379
7380 <li>Is X.org working? If the graphical login screen show up after
7381 installation, X.org is working.</li>
7382
7383 <li>Is hardware accelerated OpenGL working? Running glxgears (in
7384 package mesa-utils on Ubuntu) and writing down the frames per second
7385 reported by the program.</li>
7386
7387 <li>Is sound working? With Gnome and KDE, a sound is played when
7388 logging in, and if I can hear this the test is successful. If there
7389 are several audio exits on the machine, I try them all and check if
7390 the Gnome/KDE audio mixer can control where to send the sound. I
7391 normally test this by playing
7392 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20101012-chef/ ">a HTML5
7393 video</a> in Firefox/Iceweasel.</li>
7394
7395 <li>Is the USB subsystem working? I test this by plugging in a USB
7396 memory stick and see if Gnome/KDE notices this.</li>
7397
7398 <li>Is the CD/DVD player working? I test this by inserting any CD/DVD
7399 I have lying around, and see if Gnome/KDE notices this.</li>
7400
7401 <li>Is any built in camera working? Test using cheese, and see if a
7402 picture from the v4l device show up.</li>
7403
7404 <li>Is bluetooth working? Use the Gnome/KDE browsing tool to see if
7405 any bluetooth devices are discovered. In my office, I normally see a
7406 few.</li>
7407
7408 <li>For laptops, is the SD or Compaq Flash reader working. I have
7409 memory modules lying around, and stick them in and see if Gnome/KDE
7410 notice this.</li>
7411
7412 <li>For laptops, is suspend/hibernate working? I'm testing if the
7413 special button work, and if the laptop continue to work after
7414 resume.</li>
7415
7416 <li>For laptops, is the extra buttons working, like audio level,
7417 adjusting background light, switching on/off external video output,
7418 switching on/off wifi, bluetooth, etc? The set of buttons differ from
7419 laptop to laptop, so I just write down which are working and which are
7420 not.</li>
7421
7422 <li>Some laptops have smart card readers, finger print readers,
7423 acceleration sensors etc. I rarely test these, as I do not know how
7424 to quickly test if they are working or not, so I only document their
7425 existence.</li>
7426
7427 </ul>
7428
7429 <p>By now I suspect you are really curious what the test results are
7430 for the HP machines I am testing. I'm not done yet, so I will report
7431 the test results later. For now I can report that HP 8100 Elite work
7432 fine, and hibernation fail with HP EliteBook 8440p on Ubuntu Lucid,
7433 and audio fail on RHEL6. Ubuntu Maverik worked with 8440p. As you
7434 can see, I have most machines left to test. One interesting
7435 observation is that Ubuntu Lucid has almost twice the frame rate than
7436 RHEL6 with glxgears. No idea why.</p>
7437
7438 </div>
7439 <div class="tags">
7440
7441
7442 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7443
7444
7445 </div>
7446 </div>
7447 <div class="padding"></div>
7448
7449 <div class="entry">
7450 <div class="title">
7451 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_development_gathering_and_General_Assembly_for_FRiSK.html">Debian Edu development gathering and General Assembly for FRiSK</a>
7452 </div>
7453 <div class="date">
7454 29th November 2010
7455 </div>
7456 <div class="body">
7457 <p>On friday, the first Debian Edu / Skolelinux
7458 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering/2010-12-03-05-Oslo">development
7459 gathering</a> in a long time take place here in Oslo, Norway. I
7460 really look forward to seeing all the good people working on the
7461 Squeeze release. The gathering is open for everyone interested in
7462 learning more about Debian Edu / Skolelinux.</p>
7463
7464 <p>On Saturday, the Norwegian member organization taking care of
7465 organizing these development gatherings, Fri Programvare i Skolen,
7466 will hold its
7467 <a href="http://friprogramvareiskolen.no/Genfors/2010">General Assembly
7468 for 2010</a>. Membership is open for all, and currently there are 388
7469 people registered as members. Last year 32 members cast their vote in
7470 the memberdb based election system. I hope more people find time to
7471 vote this year.</p>
7472
7473 </div>
7474 <div class="tags">
7475
7476
7477 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
7478
7479
7480 </div>
7481 </div>
7482 <div class="padding"></div>
7483
7484 <div class="entry">
7485 <div class="title">
7486 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_isn_t_Debian_Edu_using_VLC_.html">Why isn't Debian Edu using VLC?</a>
7487 </div>
7488 <div class="date">
7489 27th November 2010
7490 </div>
7491 <div class="body">
7492 <p>In the latest issue of Linux Journal, the readers choices were
7493 presented, and the winner among the multimedia player were VLC.
7494 Personally, I like VLC, and it is my player of choice when I first try
7495 to play a video file or stream. Only if VLC fail will I drag out
7496 gmplayer to see if it can do better. The reason is mostly the failure
7497 model and trust. When VLC fail, it normally pop up a error message
7498 reporting the problem. When mplayer fail, it normally segfault or
7499 just hangs. The latter failure mode drain my trust in the program.<p>
7500
7501 <p>But even if VLC is my player of choice, we have choosen to use
7502 mplayer in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian
7503 Edu/Skolelinux</a>. The reason is simple. We need a good browser
7504 plugin to play web videos seamlessly, and the VLC browser plugin is
7505 not very good. For example, it lack in-line control buttons, so there
7506 is no way for the user to pause the video. Also, when I
7507 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/BrowserMultimedia">last
7508 tested the browser plugins</a> available in Debian, the VLC plugin
7509 failed on several video pages where mplayer based plugins worked. If
7510 the browser plugin for VLC was as good as the gecko-mediaplayer
7511 package (which uses mplayer), we would switch.</P>
7512
7513 <p>While VLC is a good player, its user interface is slightly
7514 annoying. The most annoying feature is its inconsistent use of
7515 keyboard shortcuts. When the player is in full screen mode, its
7516 shortcuts are different from when it is playing the video in a window.
7517 For example, space only work as pause when in full screen mode. I
7518 wish it had consisten shortcuts and that space also would work when in
7519 window mode. Another nice shortcut in gmplayer is [enter] to restart
7520 the current video. It is very nice when playing short videos from the
7521 web and want to restart it when new people arrive to have a look at
7522 what is going on.</p>
7523
7524 </div>
7525 <div class="tags">
7526
7527
7528 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
7529
7530
7531 </div>
7532 </div>
7533 <div class="padding"></div>
7534
7535 <div class="entry">
7536 <div class="title">
7537 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades_of_the_Gnome_and_KDE_desktop__now_with_apt_get_autoremove.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades of the Gnome and KDE desktop, now with apt-get autoremove</a>
7538 </div>
7539 <div class="date">
7540 22nd November 2010
7541 </div>
7542 <div class="body">
7543 <p>Michael Biebl suggested to me on IRC, that I changed my automated
7544 upgrade testing of the
7545 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">Lenny
7546 Gnome and KDE Desktop</a> to do <tt>apt-get autoremove</tt> when using apt-get.
7547 This seem like a very good idea, so I adjusted by test scripts and
7548 can now present the updated result from today:</p>
7549
7550 <p>This is for Gnome:</p>
7551
7552 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
7553
7554 <blockquote><p>
7555 apache2.2-bin
7556 aptdaemon
7557 baobab
7558 binfmt-support
7559 browser-plugin-gnash
7560 cheese-common
7561 cli-common
7562 cups-pk-helper
7563 dmz-cursor-theme
7564 empathy
7565 empathy-common
7566 freedesktop-sound-theme
7567 freeglut3
7568 gconf-defaults-service
7569 gdm-themes
7570 gedit-plugins
7571 geoclue
7572 geoclue-hostip
7573 geoclue-localnet
7574 geoclue-manual
7575 geoclue-yahoo
7576 gnash
7577 gnash-common
7578 gnome
7579 gnome-backgrounds
7580 gnome-cards-data
7581 gnome-codec-install
7582 gnome-core
7583 gnome-desktop-environment
7584 gnome-disk-utility
7585 gnome-screenshot
7586 gnome-search-tool
7587 gnome-session-canberra
7588 gnome-system-log
7589 gnome-themes-extras
7590 gnome-themes-more
7591 gnome-user-share
7592 gstreamer0.10-fluendo-mp3
7593 gstreamer0.10-tools
7594 gtk2-engines
7595 gtk2-engines-pixbuf
7596 gtk2-engines-smooth
7597 hamster-applet
7598 libapache2-mod-dnssd
7599 libapr1
7600 libaprutil1
7601 libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3
7602 libaprutil1-ldap
7603 libart2.0-cil
7604 libboost-date-time1.42.0
7605 libboost-python1.42.0
7606 libboost-thread1.42.0
7607 libchamplain-0.4-0
7608 libchamplain-gtk-0.4-0
7609 libcheese-gtk18
7610 libclutter-gtk-0.10-0
7611 libcryptui0
7612 libdiscid0
7613 libelf1
7614 libepc-1.0-2
7615 libepc-common
7616 libepc-ui-1.0-2
7617 libfreerdp-plugins-standard
7618 libfreerdp0
7619 libgconf2.0-cil
7620 libgdata-common
7621 libgdata7
7622 libgdu-gtk0
7623 libgee2
7624 libgeoclue0
7625 libgexiv2-0
7626 libgif4
7627 libglade2.0-cil
7628 libglib2.0-cil
7629 libgmime2.4-cil
7630 libgnome-vfs2.0-cil
7631 libgnome2.24-cil
7632 libgnomepanel2.24-cil
7633 libgpod-common
7634 libgpod4
7635 libgtk2.0-cil
7636 libgtkglext1
7637 libgtksourceview2.0-common
7638 libmono-addins-gui0.2-cil
7639 libmono-addins0.2-cil
7640 libmono-cairo2.0-cil
7641 libmono-corlib2.0-cil
7642 libmono-i18n-west2.0-cil
7643 libmono-posix2.0-cil
7644 libmono-security2.0-cil
7645 libmono-sharpzip2.84-cil
7646 libmono-system2.0-cil
7647 libmtp8
7648 libmusicbrainz3-6
7649 libndesk-dbus-glib1.0-cil
7650 libndesk-dbus1.0-cil
7651 libopal3.6.8
7652 libpolkit-gtk-1-0
7653 libpt2.6.7
7654 libpython2.6
7655 librpm1
7656 librpmio1
7657 libsdl1.2debian
7658 libsrtp0
7659 libssh-4
7660 libtelepathy-farsight0
7661 libtelepathy-glib0
7662 libtidy-0.99-0
7663 media-player-info
7664 mesa-utils
7665 mono-2.0-gac
7666 mono-gac
7667 mono-runtime
7668 nautilus-sendto
7669 nautilus-sendto-empathy
7670 p7zip-full
7671 pkg-config
7672 python-aptdaemon
7673 python-aptdaemon-gtk
7674 python-axiom
7675 python-beautifulsoup
7676 python-bugbuddy
7677 python-clientform
7678 python-coherence
7679 python-configobj
7680 python-crypto
7681 python-cupshelpers
7682 python-elementtree
7683 python-epsilon
7684 python-evolution
7685 python-feedparser
7686 python-gdata
7687 python-gdbm
7688 python-gst0.10
7689 python-gtkglext1
7690 python-gtksourceview2
7691 python-httplib2
7692 python-louie
7693 python-mako
7694 python-markupsafe
7695 python-mechanize
7696 python-nevow
7697 python-notify
7698 python-opengl
7699 python-openssl
7700 python-pam
7701 python-pkg-resources
7702 python-pyasn1
7703 python-pysqlite2
7704 python-rdflib
7705 python-serial
7706 python-tagpy
7707 python-twisted-bin
7708 python-twisted-conch
7709 python-twisted-core
7710 python-twisted-web
7711 python-utidylib
7712 python-webkit
7713 python-xdg
7714 python-zope.interface
7715 remmina
7716 remmina-plugin-data
7717 remmina-plugin-rdp
7718 remmina-plugin-vnc
7719 rhythmbox-plugin-cdrecorder
7720 rhythmbox-plugins
7721 rpm-common
7722 rpm2cpio
7723 seahorse-plugins
7724 shotwell
7725 software-center
7726 system-config-printer-udev
7727 telepathy-gabble
7728 telepathy-mission-control-5
7729 telepathy-salut
7730 tomboy
7731 totem
7732 totem-coherence
7733 totem-mozilla
7734 totem-plugins
7735 transmission-common
7736 xdg-user-dirs
7737 xdg-user-dirs-gtk
7738 xserver-xephyr
7739 </p></blockquote>
7740
7741 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
7742
7743 <blockquote><p>
7744 cheese
7745 ekiga
7746 eog
7747 epiphany-extensions
7748 evolution-exchange
7749 fast-user-switch-applet
7750 file-roller
7751 gcalctool
7752 gconf-editor
7753 gdm
7754 gedit
7755 gedit-common
7756 gnome-games
7757 gnome-games-data
7758 gnome-nettool
7759 gnome-system-tools
7760 gnome-themes
7761 gnuchess
7762 gucharmap
7763 guile-1.8-libs
7764 libavahi-ui0
7765 libdmx1
7766 libgalago3
7767 libgtk-vnc-1.0-0
7768 libgtksourceview2.0-0
7769 liblircclient0
7770 libsdl1.2debian-alsa
7771 libspeexdsp1
7772 libsvga1
7773 rhythmbox
7774 seahorse
7775 sound-juicer
7776 system-config-printer
7777 totem-common
7778 transmission-gtk
7779 vinagre
7780 vino
7781 </p></blockquote>
7782
7783 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
7784
7785 <blockquote><p>
7786 gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
7787 </p></blockquote>
7788
7789 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
7790
7791 <blockquote><p>
7792 [nothing]
7793 </p></blockquote>
7794
7795 <p>This is for KDE:</p>
7796
7797 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
7798
7799 <blockquote><p>
7800 ksmserver
7801 </p></blockquote>
7802
7803 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
7804
7805 <blockquote><p>
7806 kwin
7807 network-manager-kde
7808 </p></blockquote>
7809
7810 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
7811
7812 <blockquote><p>
7813 arts
7814 dolphin
7815 freespacenotifier
7816 google-gadgets-gst
7817 google-gadgets-xul
7818 kappfinder
7819 kcalc
7820 kcharselect
7821 kde-core
7822 kde-plasma-desktop
7823 kde-standard
7824 kde-window-manager
7825 kdeartwork
7826 kdeartwork-emoticons
7827 kdeartwork-style
7828 kdeartwork-theme-icon
7829 kdebase
7830 kdebase-apps
7831 kdebase-workspace
7832 kdebase-workspace-bin
7833 kdebase-workspace-data
7834 kdeeject
7835 kdelibs
7836 kdeplasma-addons
7837 kdeutils
7838 kdewallpapers
7839 kdf
7840 kfloppy
7841 kgpg
7842 khelpcenter4
7843 kinfocenter
7844 konq-plugins-l10n
7845 konqueror-nsplugins
7846 kscreensaver
7847 kscreensaver-xsavers
7848 ktimer
7849 kwrite
7850 libgle3
7851 libkde4-ruby1.8
7852 libkonq5
7853 libkonq5-templates
7854 libnetpbm10
7855 libplasma-ruby
7856 libplasma-ruby1.8
7857 libqt4-ruby1.8
7858 marble-data
7859 marble-plugins
7860 netpbm
7861 nuvola-icon-theme
7862 plasma-dataengines-workspace
7863 plasma-desktop
7864 plasma-desktopthemes-artwork
7865 plasma-runners-addons
7866 plasma-scriptengine-googlegadgets
7867 plasma-scriptengine-python
7868 plasma-scriptengine-qedje
7869 plasma-scriptengine-ruby
7870 plasma-scriptengine-webkit
7871 plasma-scriptengines
7872 plasma-wallpapers-addons
7873 plasma-widget-folderview
7874 plasma-widget-networkmanagement
7875 ruby
7876 sweeper
7877 update-notifier-kde
7878 xscreensaver-data-extra
7879 xscreensaver-gl
7880 xscreensaver-gl-extra
7881 xscreensaver-screensaver-bsod
7882 </p></blockquote>
7883
7884 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
7885
7886 <blockquote><p>
7887 ark
7888 google-gadgets-common
7889 google-gadgets-qt
7890 htdig
7891 kate
7892 kdebase-bin
7893 kdebase-data
7894 kdepasswd
7895 kfind
7896 klipper
7897 konq-plugins
7898 konqueror
7899 ksysguard
7900 ksysguardd
7901 libarchive1
7902 libcln6
7903 libeet1
7904 libeina-svn-06
7905 libggadget-1.0-0b
7906 libggadget-qt-1.0-0b
7907 libgps19
7908 libkdecorations4
7909 libkephal4
7910 libkonq4
7911 libkonqsidebarplugin4a
7912 libkscreensaver5
7913 libksgrd4
7914 libksignalplotter4
7915 libkunitconversion4
7916 libkwineffects1a
7917 libmarblewidget4
7918 libntrack-qt4-1
7919 libntrack0
7920 libplasma-geolocation-interface4
7921 libplasmaclock4a
7922 libplasmagenericshell4
7923 libprocesscore4a
7924 libprocessui4a
7925 libqalculate5
7926 libqedje0a
7927 libqtruby4shared2
7928 libqzion0a
7929 libruby1.8
7930 libscim8c2a
7931 libsmokekdecore4-3
7932 libsmokekdeui4-3
7933 libsmokekfile3
7934 libsmokekhtml3
7935 libsmokekio3
7936 libsmokeknewstuff2-3
7937 libsmokeknewstuff3-3
7938 libsmokekparts3
7939 libsmokektexteditor3
7940 libsmokekutils3
7941 libsmokenepomuk3
7942 libsmokephonon3
7943 libsmokeplasma3
7944 libsmokeqtcore4-3
7945 libsmokeqtdbus4-3
7946 libsmokeqtgui4-3
7947 libsmokeqtnetwork4-3
7948 libsmokeqtopengl4-3
7949 libsmokeqtscript4-3
7950 libsmokeqtsql4-3
7951 libsmokeqtsvg4-3
7952 libsmokeqttest4-3
7953 libsmokeqtuitools4-3
7954 libsmokeqtwebkit4-3
7955 libsmokeqtxml4-3
7956 libsmokesolid3
7957 libsmokesoprano3
7958 libtaskmanager4a
7959 libtidy-0.99-0
7960 libweather-ion4a
7961 libxklavier16
7962 libxxf86misc1
7963 okteta
7964 oxygencursors
7965 plasma-dataengines-addons
7966 plasma-scriptengine-superkaramba
7967 plasma-widget-lancelot
7968 plasma-widgets-addons
7969 plasma-widgets-workspace
7970 polkit-kde-1
7971 ruby1.8
7972 systemsettings
7973 update-notifier-common
7974 </p></blockquote>
7975
7976 <p>Running apt-get autoremove made the results using apt-get and
7977 aptitude a bit more similar, but there are still quite a lott of
7978 differences. I have no idea what packages should be installed after
7979 the upgrade, but hope those that do can have a look.</p>
7980
7981 </div>
7982 <div class="tags">
7983
7984
7985 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7986
7987
7988 </div>
7989 </div>
7990 <div class="padding"></div>
7991
7992 <div class="entry">
7993 <div class="title">
7994 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Migrating_Xen_virtual_machines_using_LVM_to_KVM_using_disk_images.html">Migrating Xen virtual machines using LVM to KVM using disk images</a>
7995 </div>
7996 <div class="date">
7997 22nd November 2010
7998 </div>
7999 <div class="body">
8000 <p>Most of the computers in use by the
8001 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux project</a>
8002 are virtual machines. And they have been Xen machines running on a
8003 fairly old IBM eserver xseries 345 machine, and we wanted to migrate
8004 them to KVM on a newer Dell PowerEdge 2950 host machine. This was a
8005 bit harder that it could have been, because we set up the Xen virtual
8006 machines to get the virtual partitions from LVM, which as far as I
8007 know is not supported by KVM. So to migrate, we had to convert
8008 several LVM logical volumes to partitions on a virtual disk file.</p>
8009
8010 <p>I found
8011 <a href="http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com.au/articles/35011-Six-steps-for-migrating-Xen-virtual-machines-to-KVM">a
8012 nice recipe</a> to do this, and wrote the following script to do the
8013 migration. It uses qemu-img from the qemu package to make the disk
8014 image, parted to partition it, losetup and kpartx to present the disk
8015 image partions as devices, and dd to copy the data. I NFS mounted the
8016 new servers storage area on the old server to do the migration.</p>
8017
8018 <pre>
8019 #!/bin/sh
8020
8021 # Based on
8022 # http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com.au/articles/35011-Six-steps-for-migrating-Xen-virtual-machines-to-KVM
8023
8024 set -e
8025 set -x
8026
8027 if [ -z "$1" ] ; then
8028 echo "Usage: $0 &lt;hostname&gt;"
8029 exit 1
8030 else
8031 host="$1"
8032 fi
8033
8034 if [ ! -e /dev/vg_data/$host-disk ] ; then
8035 echo "error: unable to find LVM volume for $host"
8036 exit 1
8037 fi
8038
8039 # Partitions need to be a bit bigger than the LVM LVs. not sure why.
8040 disksize=$( lvs --units m | grep $host-disk | awk '{sum = sum + $4} END { print int(sum * 1.05) }')
8041 swapsize=$( lvs --units m | grep $host-swap | awk '{sum = sum + $4} END { print int(sum * 1.05) }')
8042 totalsize=$(( ( $disksize + $swapsize ) ))
8043
8044 img=$host.img
8045 #dd if=/dev/zero of=$img bs=1M count=$(( $disksize + $swapsize ))
8046 qemu-img create $img ${totalsize}MMaking room on the Debian Edu/Sqeeze DVD
8047
8048 parted $img mklabel msdos
8049 parted $img mkpart primary linux-swap 0 $disksize
8050 parted $img mkpart primary ext2 $disksize $totalsize
8051 parted $img set 1 boot on
8052
8053 modprobe dm-mod
8054 losetup /dev/loop0 $img
8055 kpartx -a /dev/loop0
8056
8057 dd if=/dev/vg_data/$host-disk of=/dev/mapper/loop0p1 bs=1M
8058 fsck.ext3 -f /dev/mapper/loop0p1 || true
8059 mkswap /dev/mapper/loop0p2
8060
8061 kpartx -d /dev/loop0
8062 losetup -d /dev/loop0
8063 </pre>
8064
8065 <p>The script is perhaps so simple that it is not copyrightable, but
8066 if it is, it is licenced using GPL v2 or later at your discretion.</p>
8067
8068 <p>After doing this, I booted a Debian CD in rescue mode in KVM with
8069 the new disk image attached, installed grub-pc and linux-image-686 and
8070 set up grub to boot from the disk image. After this, the KVM machines
8071 seem to work just fine.</p>
8072
8073 </div>
8074 <div class="tags">
8075
8076
8077 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8078
8079
8080 </div>
8081 </div>
8082 <div class="padding"></div>
8083
8084 <div class="entry">
8085 <div class="title">
8086 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__apt_vs_aptitude_with_the_Gnome_and_KDE_desktop.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, apt vs aptitude with the Gnome and KDE desktop</a>
8087 </div>
8088 <div class="date">
8089 20th November 2010
8090 </div>
8091 <div class="body">
8092 <p>I'm still running upgrade testing of the
8093 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">Lenny
8094 Gnome and KDE Desktop</a>, but have not had time to spend on reporting the
8095 status. Here is a short update based on a test I ran 20101118.</p>
8096
8097 <p>I still do not know what a correct migration should look like, so I
8098 report any differences between apt and aptitude and hope someone else
8099 can see if anything should be changed.</p>
8100
8101 <p>This is for Gnome:</p>
8102
8103 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
8104
8105 <blockquote><p>
8106 apache2.2-bin aptdaemon at-spi baobab binfmt-support
8107 browser-plugin-gnash cheese-common cli-common cpp-4.3 cups-pk-helper
8108 dmz-cursor-theme empathy empathy-common finger
8109 freedesktop-sound-theme freeglut3 gconf-defaults-service gdm-themes
8110 gedit-plugins geoclue geoclue-hostip geoclue-localnet geoclue-manual
8111 geoclue-yahoo gnash gnash-common gnome gnome-backgrounds
8112 gnome-cards-data gnome-codec-install gnome-core
8113 gnome-desktop-environment gnome-disk-utility gnome-screenshot
8114 gnome-search-tool gnome-session-canberra gnome-spell
8115 gnome-system-log gnome-themes-extras gnome-themes-more
8116 gnome-user-share gs-common gstreamer0.10-fluendo-mp3
8117 gstreamer0.10-tools gtk2-engines gtk2-engines-pixbuf
8118 gtk2-engines-smooth hal-info hamster-applet libapache2-mod-dnssd
8119 libapr1 libaprutil1 libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 libaprutil1-ldap
8120 libart2.0-cil libatspi1.0-0 libboost-date-time1.42.0
8121 libboost-python1.42.0 libboost-thread1.42.0 libchamplain-0.4-0
8122 libchamplain-gtk-0.4-0 libcheese-gtk18 libclutter-gtk-0.10-0
8123 libcryptui0 libcupsys2 libdiscid0 libeel2-data libelf1 libepc-1.0-2
8124 libepc-common libepc-ui-1.0-2 libfreerdp-plugins-standard
8125 libfreerdp0 libgail-common libgconf2.0-cil libgdata-common libgdata7
8126 libgdl-1-common libgdu-gtk0 libgee2 libgeoclue0 libgexiv2-0 libgif4
8127 libglade2.0-cil libglib2.0-cil libgmime2.4-cil libgnome-vfs2.0-cil
8128 libgnome2.24-cil libgnomepanel2.24-cil libgnomeprint2.2-data
8129 libgnomeprintui2.2-common libgnomevfs2-bin libgpod-common libgpod4
8130 libgtk2.0-cil libgtkglext1 libgtksourceview-common
8131 libgtksourceview2.0-common libmono-addins-gui0.2-cil
8132 libmono-addins0.2-cil libmono-cairo2.0-cil libmono-corlib2.0-cil
8133 libmono-i18n-west2.0-cil libmono-posix2.0-cil
8134 libmono-security2.0-cil libmono-sharpzip2.84-cil
8135 libmono-system2.0-cil libmtp8 libmusicbrainz3-6
8136 libndesk-dbus-glib1.0-cil libndesk-dbus1.0-cil libopal3.6.8
8137 libpolkit-gtk-1-0 libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa
8138 libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libpt2.6.7 libpython2.6 librpm1 librpmio1
8139 libsdl1.2debian libservlet2.4-java libsrtp0 libssh-4
8140 libtelepathy-farsight0 libtelepathy-glib0 libtidy-0.99-0
8141 libxalan2-java libxerces2-java media-player-info mesa-utils
8142 mono-2.0-gac mono-gac mono-runtime nautilus-sendto
8143 nautilus-sendto-empathy openoffice.org-writer2latex
8144 openssl-blacklist p7zip p7zip-full pkg-config python-4suite-xml
8145 python-aptdaemon python-aptdaemon-gtk python-axiom
8146 python-beautifulsoup python-bugbuddy python-clientform
8147 python-coherence python-configobj python-crypto python-cupshelpers
8148 python-cupsutils python-eggtrayicon python-elementtree
8149 python-epsilon python-evolution python-feedparser python-gdata
8150 python-gdbm python-gst0.10 python-gtkglext1 python-gtkmozembed
8151 python-gtksourceview2 python-httplib2 python-louie python-mako
8152 python-markupsafe python-mechanize python-nevow python-notify
8153 python-opengl python-openssl python-pam python-pkg-resources
8154 python-pyasn1 python-pysqlite2 python-rdflib python-serial
8155 python-tagpy python-twisted-bin python-twisted-conch
8156 python-twisted-core python-twisted-web python-utidylib python-webkit
8157 python-xdg python-zope.interface remmina remmina-plugin-data
8158 remmina-plugin-rdp remmina-plugin-vnc rhythmbox-plugin-cdrecorder
8159 rhythmbox-plugins rpm-common rpm2cpio seahorse-plugins shotwell
8160 software-center svgalibg1 system-config-printer-udev
8161 telepathy-gabble telepathy-mission-control-5 telepathy-salut tomboy
8162 totem totem-coherence totem-mozilla totem-plugins
8163 transmission-common xdg-user-dirs xdg-user-dirs-gtk xserver-xephyr
8164 zip
8165 </p></blockquote>
8166
8167 Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude
8168
8169 <blockquote><p>
8170 arj bluez-utils cheese dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop ekiga eog
8171 epiphany-extensions epiphany-gecko evolution-exchange
8172 fast-user-switch-applet file-roller gcalctool gconf-editor gdm gedit
8173 gedit-common gnome-app-install gnome-games gnome-games-data
8174 gnome-nettool gnome-system-tools gnome-themes gnome-utils
8175 gnome-vfs-obexftp gnome-volume-manager gnuchess gucharmap
8176 guile-1.8-libs hal libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5
8177 libavahi-ui0 libbind9-50 libbluetooth2 libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7
8178 libcucul0 libcurl3 libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdmx1 libdvdread3
8179 libedata-cal1.2-6 libedataserver1.2-9 libeel2-2.20 libepc-1.0-1
8180 libepc-ui-1.0-1 libexchange-storage1.2-3 libfaad0 libgadu3
8181 libgalago3 libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libggz2 libggzcore9
8182 libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0 libgnome-desktop-2
8183 libgnome-pilot2 libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomeprint2.2-0
8184 libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtk-vnc-1.0-0
8185 libgtkhtml2-0 libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgtksourceview2.0-0
8186 libgucharmap6 libhesiod0 libicu38 libisccc50 libisccfg50 libiw29
8187 libjaxp1.3-java-gcj libkpathsea4 liblircclient0 libltdl3 liblwres50
8188 libmagick++10 libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmozjs1d libmpfr1ldbl libmtp7
8189 libmysqlclient15off libnautilus-burn4 libneon27 libnm-glib0
8190 libnm-util0 libopal-2.2 libosp5 libparted1.8-10 libpisock9
8191 libpisync1 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3 libpt-1.10.10 libraw1394-8
8192 libsdl1.2debian-alsa libsensors3 libsexy2 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8
8193 libspeexdsp1 libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libsvga1
8194 libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1 libtotem-plparser10 libtrackerclient0
8195 libvoikko1 libxalan2-java-gcj libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12
8196 libxtrap6 libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3 mysql-common rhythmbox seahorse
8197 sound-juicer swfdec-gnome system-config-printer totem-common
8198 totem-gstreamer transmission-gtk vinagre vino w3c-dtd-xhtml wodim
8199 </p></blockquote>
8200
8201 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
8202
8203 <blockquote><p>
8204 gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
8205 </p></blockquote>
8206
8207 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
8208
8209 <blockquote><p>
8210 [nothing]
8211 </p></blockquote>
8212
8213 <p>This is for KDE:</p>
8214
8215 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
8216
8217 <blockquote><p>
8218 autopoint bomber bovo cantor cantor-backend-kalgebra cpp-4.3 dcoprss
8219 edict espeak espeak-data eyesapplet fifteenapplet finger gettext
8220 ghostscript-x git gnome-audio gnugo granatier gs-common
8221 gstreamer0.10-pulseaudio indi kaddressbook-plugins kalgebra
8222 kalzium-data kanjidic kapman kate-plugins kblocks kbreakout kbstate
8223 kde-icons-mono kdeaccessibility kdeaddons-kfile-plugins
8224 kdeadmin-kfile-plugins kdeartwork-misc kdeartwork-theme-window
8225 kdeedu kdeedu-data kdeedu-kvtml-data kdegames kdegames-card-data
8226 kdegames-mahjongg-data kdegraphics-kfile-plugins kdelirc
8227 kdemultimedia-kfile-plugins kdenetwork-kfile-plugins
8228 kdepim-kfile-plugins kdepim-kio-plugins kdessh kdetoys kdewebdev
8229 kdiamond kdnssd kfilereplace kfourinline kgeography-data kigo
8230 killbots kiriki klettres-data kmoon kmrml knewsticker-scripts
8231 kollision kpf krosspython ksirk ksmserver ksquares kstars-data
8232 ksudoku kubrick kweather libasound2-plugins libboost-python1.42.0
8233 libcfitsio3 libconvert-binhex-perl libcrypt-ssleay-perl libdb4.6++
8234 libdjvulibre-text libdotconf1.0 liberror-perl libespeak1
8235 libfinance-quote-perl libgail-common libgsl0ldbl libhtml-parser-perl
8236 libhtml-tableextract-perl libhtml-tagset-perl libhtml-tree-perl
8237 libio-stringy-perl libkdeedu4 libkdegames5 libkiten4 libkpathsea5
8238 libkrossui4 libmailtools-perl libmime-tools-perl
8239 libnews-nntpclient-perl libopenbabel3 libportaudio2 libpulse-browse0
8240 libservlet2.4-java libspeechd2 libtiff-tools libtimedate-perl
8241 libunistring0 liburi-perl libwww-perl libxalan2-java libxerces2-java
8242 lirc luatex marble networkstatus noatun-plugins
8243 openoffice.org-writer2latex palapeli palapeli-data parley
8244 parley-data poster psutils pulseaudio pulseaudio-esound-compat
8245 pulseaudio-module-x11 pulseaudio-utils quanta-data rocs rsync
8246 speech-dispatcher step svgalibg1 texlive-binaries texlive-luatex
8247 ttf-sazanami-gothic
8248 </p></blockquote>
8249
8250 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
8251
8252 <blockquote><p>
8253 amor artsbuilder atlantik atlantikdesigner blinken bluez-utils cvs
8254 dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop imlib-base imlib11 kalzium kanagram kandy
8255 kasteroids katomic kbackgammon kbattleship kblackbox kbounce kbruch
8256 kcron kdat kdemultimedia-kappfinder-data kdeprint kdict kdvi kedit
8257 keduca kenolaba kfax kfaxview kfouleggs kgeography kghostview
8258 kgoldrunner khangman khexedit kiconedit kig kimagemapeditor
8259 kitchensync kiten kjumpingcube klatin klettres klickety klines
8260 klinkstatus kmag kmahjongg kmailcvt kmenuedit kmid kmilo kmines
8261 kmousetool kmouth kmplot knetwalk kodo kolf kommander konquest kooka
8262 kpager kpat kpdf kpercentage kpilot kpoker kpovmodeler krec
8263 kregexpeditor kreversi ksame ksayit kshisen ksig ksim ksirc ksirtet
8264 ksmiletris ksnake ksokoban kspaceduel kstars ksvg ksysv kteatime
8265 ktip ktnef ktouch ktron kttsd ktuberling kturtle ktux kuickshow
8266 kverbos kview kviewshell kvoctrain kwifimanager kwin kwin4 kwordquiz
8267 kworldclock kxsldbg libakode2 libarts1-akode libarts1-audiofile
8268 libarts1-mpeglib libarts1-xine libavahi-compat-libdnssd1
8269 libavahi-core5 libavc1394-0 libbind9-50 libbluetooth2
8270 libboost-python1.34.1 libcucul0 libcurl3 libcvsservice0
8271 libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdjvulibre21 libdvdread3 libfaad0 libfreebob0
8272 libgd2-noxpm libgraphviz4 libgsmme1c2a libgtkhtml2-0 libicu38
8273 libiec61883-0 libindex0 libisccc50 libisccfg50 libiw29
8274 libjaxp1.3-java-gcj libk3b3 libkcal2b libkcddb1 libkdeedu3
8275 libkdegames1 libkdepim1a libkgantt0 libkleopatra1 libkmime2
8276 libkpathsea4 libkpimexchange1 libkpimidentities1 libkscan1
8277 libksieve0 libktnef1 liblockdev1 libltdl3 liblwres50 libmagick10
8278 libmimelib1c2a libmodplug0c2 libmozjs1d libmpcdec3 libmpfr1ldbl
8279 libneon27 libnm-util0 libopensync0 libpisock9 libpoppler-glib3
8280 libpoppler-qt2 libpoppler3 libraw1394-8 librss1 libsensors3
8281 libsmbios2 libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90
8282 libtalloc1 libxalan2-java-gcj libxerces2-java-gcj libxtrap6 lskat
8283 mpeglib network-manager-kde noatun pmount tex-common texlive-base
8284 texlive-common texlive-doc-base texlive-fonts-recommended tidy
8285 ttf-dustin ttf-kochi-gothic ttf-sjfonts
8286 </p></blockquote>
8287
8288 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
8289
8290 <blockquote><p>
8291 dolphin kde-core kde-plasma-desktop kde-standard kde-window-manager
8292 kdeartwork kdebase kdebase-apps kdebase-workspace
8293 kdebase-workspace-bin kdebase-workspace-data kdeutils kscreensaver
8294 kscreensaver-xsavers libgle3 libkonq5 libkonq5-templates libnetpbm10
8295 netpbm plasma-widget-folderview plasma-widget-networkmanagement
8296 xscreensaver-data-extra xscreensaver-gl xscreensaver-gl-extra
8297 xscreensaver-screensaver-bsod
8298 </p></blockquote>
8299
8300 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
8301
8302 <blockquote><p>
8303 kdebase-bin konq-plugins konqueror
8304 </p></blockquote>
8305
8306 </div>
8307 <div class="tags">
8308
8309
8310 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8311
8312
8313 </div>
8314 </div>
8315 <div class="padding"></div>
8316
8317 <div class="entry">
8318 <div class="title">
8319 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gnash_buildbot_slave_and_Debian_kfreebsd.html">Gnash buildbot slave and Debian kfreebsd</a>
8320 </div>
8321 <div class="date">
8322 20th November 2010
8323 </div>
8324 <div class="body">
8325 <p>Answering
8326 <a href="http://www.listware.net/201011/gnash-dev/67431-gnash-dev-buildbot-looking-for-slaves.html">the
8327 call from the Gnash project</a> for
8328 <a href="http://www.gnashdev.org:8010">buildbot</a> slaves to test the
8329 current source, I have set up a virtual KVM machine on the Debian
8330 Edu/Skolelinux virtualization host to test the git source on
8331 Debian/Squeeze. I hope this can help the developers in getting new
8332 releases out more often.</p>
8333
8334 <p>As the developers want less main-stream build platforms tested to,
8335 I have considered setting up a <a
8336 href="http://www.debian.org/ports/kfreebsd-gnu/">Debian/kfreebsd</a>
8337 machine as well. I have also considered using the kfreebsd
8338 architecture in Debian as a file server in NUUG to get access to the 5
8339 TB zfs volume we currently use to store DV video. Because of this, I
8340 finally got around to do a test installation of Debian/Squeeze with
8341 kfreebsd. Installation went fairly smooth, thought I noticed some
8342 visual glitches in the cdebconf dialogs (black cursor left on the
8343 screen at random locations). Have not gotten very far with the
8344 testing. Noticed cfdisk did not work, but fdisk did so it was not a
8345 fatal problem. Have to spend some more time on it to see if it is
8346 useful as a file server for NUUG. Will try to find time to set up a
8347 gnash buildbot slave on the Debian Edu/Skolelinux this weekend.</p>
8348
8349 </div>
8350 <div class="tags">
8351
8352
8353 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
8354
8355
8356 </div>
8357 </div>
8358 <div class="padding"></div>
8359
8360 <div class="entry">
8361 <div class="title">
8362 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Making_room_on_the_Debian_Edu_Sqeeze_DVD.html">Making room on the Debian Edu/Sqeeze DVD</a>
8363 </div>
8364 <div class="date">
8365 7th November 2010
8366 </div>
8367 <div class="body">
8368 <p>Prioritising packages for the Debian Edu /
8369 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> DVD, which is
8370 supposed provide a school with all the services and user applications
8371 needed on the pupils computer network has always been hard. Even
8372 schools without Internet connections should be able to get Debian Edu
8373 working using this DVD.</p>
8374
8375 <p>The job became a lot harder when apt and aptitude started
8376 installing recommended packages by default. We want the same set of
8377 packages to be installed when using the DVD and the netinst CD, and
8378 that means all recommended packages need to be on the DVD. I created
8379 a patch for debian-cd in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/601203">BTS
8380 report #601203</a> to do this, and since this change was applied to
8381 the Debian Edu DVD build, we have been seriously short on space.</p>
8382
8383 <p>A few days ago we decided to drop blender, wxmaxima and kicad from
8384 the default installation to save space on the DVD, believing that
8385 those needing these applications are few and can get them from the
8386 Debian archive.</p>
8387
8388 <p>Yesterday, I had a look what source packages to see which packages
8389 were using most space. A few large packages are well know;
8390 openoffice.org, openclipart and fluid-soundfont. But I also
8391 discovered that lilypond used 106 MiB and fglrx-driver used 53 MiB.
8392 The lilypond package is pulled in as a dependency for rosegarden, and
8393 when looking a bit closer I discovered that 99 MiB of the 106 MiB were
8394 the documentation package, which is recommended by the binary package.
8395 I decided to drop this documentation package from our DVD, as most of
8396 our users will use the GUI front-ends and do not need the lilypond
8397 documentation. Similarly, I dropped the non-free fglrx-driver package
8398 which might be installed by d-i when its hardware is detected, as the
8399 free X driver should work.</p>
8400
8401 <p>With this change, we finally got space for the LXDE and Gnome
8402 desktop packages as well as the language specific packages making the
8403 DVD more useful again.</p>
8404
8405 </div>
8406 <div class="tags">
8407
8408
8409 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
8410
8411
8412 </div>
8413 </div>
8414 <div class="padding"></div>
8415
8416 <div class="entry">
8417 <div class="title">
8418 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Software_updates_2010_10_24.html">Software updates 2010-10-24</a>
8419 </div>
8420 <div class="date">
8421 24th October 2010
8422 </div>
8423 <div class="body">
8424 <p>Some updates.</p>
8425
8426 <p>My <a href="http://pledgebank.com/gnash-avm2">gnash pledge</a> to
8427 raise money for the project is going well. The lower limit of 10
8428 signers was reached in 24 hours, and so far 13 people have signed it.
8429 More signers and more funding is most welcome, and I am really curious
8430 how far we can get before the time limit of December 24 is reached.
8431 :)</p>
8432
8433 <p>On the #gnash IRC channel on irc.freenode.net, I was just tipped
8434 about what appear to be a great code coverage tool capable of
8435 generating code coverage stats without any changes to the source code.
8436 It is called
8437 <a href="http://simonkagstrom.github.com/kcov/index.html">kcov</a>,
8438 and can be used using <tt>kcov &lt;directory&gt; &lt;binary&gt;</tt>.
8439 It is missing in Debian, but the git source built just fine in Squeeze
8440 after I installed libelf-dev, libdwarf-dev, pkg-config and
8441 libglib2.0-dev. Failed to build in Lenny, but suspect that is
8442 solvable. I hope kcov make it into Debian soon.</p>
8443
8444 <p>Finally found time to wrap up the release notes for <a
8445 href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2010/10/msg00002.html">a
8446 new alpha release of Debian Edu</a>, and just published the second
8447 alpha test release of the Squeeze based Debian Edu /
8448 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>
8449 release. Give it a try if you need a complete linux solution for your
8450 school, including central infrastructure server, workstations, thin
8451 client servers and diskless workstations. A nice touch added
8452 yesterday is RDP support on the thin client servers, for windows
8453 clients to get a Linux desktop on request.</p>
8454
8455 </div>
8456 <div class="tags">
8457
8458
8459 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>.
8460
8461
8462 </div>
8463 </div>
8464 <div class="padding"></div>
8465
8466 <div class="entry">
8467 <div class="title">
8468 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Some_notes_on_Flash_in_Debian_and_Debian_Edu.html">Some notes on Flash in Debian and Debian Edu</a>
8469 </div>
8470 <div class="date">
8471 4th September 2010
8472 </div>
8473 <div class="body">
8474 <p>In the <a href="http://popcon.debian.org/unknown/by_vote">Debian
8475 popularity-contest numbers</a>, the adobe-flashplugin package the
8476 second most popular used package that is missing in Debian. The sixth
8477 most popular is flashplayer-mozilla. This is a clear indication that
8478 working flash is important for Debian users. Around 10 percent of the
8479 users submitting data to popcon.debian.org have this package
8480 installed.</p>
8481
8482 <p>In the report written by Lars Risan in August 2008
8483<a href="http://wiki.skolelinux.no/Dokumentasjon/Rapporter?action=AttachFile&do=view&target=Skolelinux_i_bruk_rapport_1.0.pdf">Skolelinux
8484 i bruk – Rapport for Hurum kommune, Universitetet i Agder og
8485 stiftelsen SLX Debian Labs</a>»), one of the most important problems
8486 schools experienced with <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian
8487 Edu/Skolelinux</a> was the lack of working Flash. A lot of educational
8488 web sites require Flash to work, and lacking working Flash support in
8489 the web browser and the problems with installing it was perceived as a
8490 good reason to stay with Windows.</p>
8491
8492 <p>I once saw a funny and sad comment in a web forum, where Linux was
8493 said to be the retarded cousin that did not really understand
8494 everything you told him but could work fairly well. This was a
8495 comment regarding the problems Linux have with proprietary formats and
8496 non-standard web pages, and is sad because it exposes a fairly common
8497 understanding of whose fault it is if web pages that only work in for
8498 example Internet Explorer 6 fail to work on Firefox, and funny because
8499 it explain very well how annoying it is for users when Linux
8500 distributions do not work with the documents they receive or the web
8501 pages they want to visit.</p>
8502
8503 <p>This is part of the reason why I believe it is important for Debian
8504 and Debian Edu to have a well working Flash implementation in the
8505 distribution, to get at least popular sites as Youtube and Google
8506 Video to working out of the box. For Squeeze, Debian have the chance
8507 to include the latest version of Gnash that will make this happen, as
8508 the new release 0.8.8 was published a few weeks ago and is resting in
8509 unstable. The new version work with more sites that version 0.8.7.
8510 The Gnash maintainers have asked for a freeze exception, but the
8511 release team have not had time to reply to it yet. I hope they agree
8512 with me that Flash is important for the Debian desktop users, and thus
8513 accept the new package into Squeeze.</p>
8514
8515 </div>
8516 <div class="tags">
8517
8518
8519 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
8520
8521
8522 </div>
8523 </div>
8524 <div class="padding"></div>
8525
8526 <div class="entry">
8527 <div class="title">
8528 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_hard_link_handling_with_sshfs.html">Broken hard link handling with sshfs</a>
8529 </div>
8530 <div class="date">
8531 30th August 2010
8532 </div>
8533 <div class="body">
8534 <p>Just got an email from Tobias Gruetzmacher as a followup on my
8535 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_umask_handling_with_sshfs.html">previous
8536 post about sshfs</a>. He reported another problem with sshfs. It
8537 fail to handle hard links properly. A simple way to spot this is to
8538 look at the . and .. entries in the directory tree. These should have
8539 a link count >1, but on sshfs the count is 1. I just tested to see
8540 what happen when trying to hardlink, and this fail as well:</p>
8541
8542 <pre>
8543 % ln foo bar
8544 ln: creating hard link `bar' => `foo': Function not implemented
8545 %
8546 </pre>
8547
8548 <p>I have not yet found time to implement a test for this in my file
8549 system test code, but believe having working hard links is useful to
8550 avoid surprised unix programs. Not as useful as working file locking
8551 and symlinks, which are required to get a working desktop, but useful
8552 nevertheless. :)</p>
8553
8554 <p>The latest version of the file system test code is available via
8555 git from
8556 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a></p>
8557
8558 </div>
8559 <div class="tags">
8560
8561
8562 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
8563
8564
8565 </div>
8566 </div>
8567 <div class="padding"></div>
8568
8569 <div class="entry">
8570 <div class="title">
8571 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_i_Osloskolen.html">Skolelinux i Osloskolen</a>
8572 </div>
8573 <div class="date">
8574 26th August 2010
8575 </div>
8576 <div class="body">
8577 <p>Denne høsten skal endelig alle Osloskolene få mulighet til å bruke
8578 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>. Ny IT-løsning
8579 har vært rullet ut i noen måneder nå, og så vidt jeg fikk vite før
8580 sommeren skulle alle skoler ha nytt opplegg på plass før oppstart nå i
8581 høst. På alle skolene skal en kunne velge ved installasjon om en skal
8582 ha Windows eller Skolelinux på maskinene, og en kan i tillegg
8583 PXE-boote maskinene over nett som tynne klienter eller diskløse
8584 arbeidsstasjoner. Jeg er spent på hvor mange skoler som velger å ta i
8585 bruk Skolelinux, og gleder meg til å se hvordan dette utvikler seg.
8586 Løsningen leveres av
8587 <a href="http://www.logica.no/">Logica</a> med
8588 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a> som
8589 underleverandør, og jeg har vært involvert i utviklingen av løsningen
8590 via Skolelinux Drift AS siden prosjektet starter. Jeg synes det er
8591 fantastisk at Skolelinux er kommet så langt siden vi startet i 2001 at
8592 alle elevene i Osloskolene nå skal få mulighet til å bruke
8593 løsningen. Jeg håper de vil sette pris på alle de
8594 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.no/linux-signpost/">fantastiske
8595 brukerprogrammene</a> som er tilgjengelig i Skolelinux.</p>
8596
8597 </div>
8598 <div class="tags">
8599
8600
8601 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8602
8603
8604 </div>
8605 </div>
8606 <div class="padding"></div>
8607
8608 <div class="entry">
8609 <div class="title">
8610 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_umask_handling_with_sshfs.html">Broken umask handling with sshfs</a>
8611 </div>
8612 <div class="date">
8613 26th August 2010
8614 </div>
8615 <div class="body">
8616 <p>My file system sematics program
8617 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Testing_if_a_file_system_can_be_used_for_home_directories___.html">presented
8618 a few days ago</a> is very useful to verify that a file system can
8619 work as a unix home directory,and today I had to extend it a bit. I'm
8620 looking into alternatives for home directory access here at the
8621 University of Oslo, and one of the options is sshfs. My friend
8622 Finn-Arne mentioned a while back that they had used sshfs with Debian
8623 Edu, but stopped because of problems. I asked today what the problems
8624 where, and he mentioned that sshfs failed to handle umask properly.
8625 Trying to detect the problem I wrote this addition to my fs testing
8626 script:</p>
8627
8628 <pre>
8629 mode_t touch_get_mode(const char *name, mode_t mode) {
8630 mode_t retval = 0;
8631 int fd = open(name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_LARGEFILE, mode);
8632 if (-1 != fd) {
8633 unlink(name);
8634 struct stat statbuf;
8635 if (-1 != fstat(fd, &statbuf)) {
8636 retval = statbuf.st_mode & 0x1ff;
8637 }
8638 close(fd);
8639 }
8640 return retval;
8641 }
8642
8643 /* Try to detect problem discovered using sshfs */
8644 int test_umask(void) {
8645 printf("info: testing umask effect on file creation\n");
8646
8647 mode_t orig_umask = umask(000);
8648 mode_t newmode;
8649 if (0666 != (newmode = touch_get_mode("foobar", 0666))) {
8650 printf(" error: Wrong file mode %o when creating using mode 666 and umask 000\n",
8651 newmode);
8652 }
8653 umask(007);
8654 if (0660 != (newmode = touch_get_mode("foobar", 0666))) {
8655 printf(" error: Wrong file mode %o when creating using mode 666 and umask 007\n",
8656 newmode);
8657 }
8658
8659 umask (orig_umask);
8660 return 0;
8661 }
8662
8663 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
8664 [...]
8665 test_umask();
8666 return 0;
8667 }
8668 </pre>
8669
8670 <p>Sure enough. On NFS to a netapp, I get this result:</p>
8671
8672 <pre>
8673 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
8674 info: testing symlink creation
8675 info: testing subdirectory creation
8676 info: testing fcntl locking
8677 Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
8678 Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
8679 Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
8680 Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
8681 Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
8682 Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
8683 info: testing umask effect on file creation
8684 </pre>
8685
8686 <p>When mounting the same directory using sshfs, I get this
8687 result:</p>
8688
8689 <pre>
8690 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
8691 info: testing symlink creation
8692 info: testing subdirectory creation
8693 info: testing fcntl locking
8694 Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
8695 Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
8696 Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
8697 Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
8698 Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
8699 Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
8700 info: testing umask effect on file creation
8701 error: Wrong file mode 644 when creating using mode 666 and umask 000
8702 error: Wrong file mode 640 when creating using mode 666 and umask 007
8703 </pre>
8704
8705 <p>So, I can conclude that sshfs is better than smb to a Netapp or a
8706 Windows server, but not good enough to be used as a home
8707 directory.</p>
8708
8709 <p>Update 2010-08-26: Reported the issue in
8710 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/594498">BTS report #594498</a></p>
8711
8712 <p>Update 2010-08-27: Michael Gebetsroither report that he found the
8713 script so useful that he created a GIT repository and stored it in
8714 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a>.</p>
8715
8716 </div>
8717 <div class="tags">
8718
8719
8720 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
8721
8722
8723 </div>
8724 </div>
8725 <div class="padding"></div>
8726
8727 <div class="entry">
8728 <div class="title">
8729 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/No_hardcoded_config_on_Debian_Edu_clients.html">No hardcoded config on Debian Edu clients</a>
8730 </div>
8731 <div class="date">
8732 9th August 2010
8733 </div>
8734 <div class="body">
8735 <p>As reported earlier, the last few days I have looked at how Debian
8736 Edu clients are configured, and tried to get rid of all hardcoded
8737 configuration settings on the clients. I believe the work to be
8738 mostly done, and the clients seem to work just fine with dynamically
8739 generated configuration.</p>
8740
8741 <p>What is the point, you might ask? The point is to allow a Debian
8742 Edu desktop to integrate into an existing network infrastructure
8743 without any manual configuration.</p>
8744
8745 <p>This is what happens when installing a Debian Edu client here at
8746 the University of Oslo using PXE. With the PXE installation, I am
8747 asked for language (Norwegian Bokmål), locality (Norway) and keyboard
8748 layout (no-latin1), Debian Edu profile (Roaming Workstation), if I
8749 accept to reformat the hard drive (yes), if I want to submit info to
8750 popcon.debian.org (no) and root password (secret). After answering
8751 these questions, the installer goes ahead and does its thing, and
8752 after around 50 minutes it is done. I press enter to finish the
8753 installation, and the machine reboots into KDE. When the machine is
8754 ready and kdm asks for login information, I enter my university
8755 username and password, am told by kdm that a local home directory has
8756 been created and that I must log in again, and finally log in with the
8757 same username and password to the KDE 4.4 desktop. At no point during
8758 this process did it ask for university specific settings, and all the
8759 required configuration was dynamically detected using information
8760 fetched via DHCP and DNS. The roaming workstation is now ready for
8761 use.</p>
8762
8763 <p>How was this done, you might wonder? First of all, here is the
8764 list of things that need to be configured on the client to get it
8765 working properly out of the box:</p>
8766
8767 <ul>
8768 <li>IP address/netmask and DNS server.</li>
8769 <li>Web proxy URL.</li>
8770 <li>LDAP server for NSS directory information (user, group, etc).</li>
8771 <li>Kerberos server for PAM password checking.</li>
8772 <li>SMB mount point to access the network home directory. (*)</li>
8773 <li>Central syslog server to send syslog messages to. (*)</li>
8774 <li>Sitesummary collector URL to submit info to central server. (*)</li>
8775 </ul>
8776
8777 <p>(Hm, did I forget anything? Let me knew if I did.)</p>
8778
8779 <p>The points marked (*) are not required to be able to use the
8780 machine, but needed to provide central storage and allowing system
8781 administrators to track their machines. Since yesterday, everything
8782 but the sitesummary collector URL is dynamically discovered at boot
8783 and installation time in the svn version of Debian Edu.</p>
8784
8785 <p>The IP and DNS setup is fetched during boot using DHCP as usual.
8786 When a DHCP update arrives, the proxy setup is updated by looking for
8787 http://wpat/wpad.dat and using the content of this WPAD file to
8788 configure the http and ftp proxy in /etc/environment and
8789 /etc/apt/apt.conf. I decided to update the proxy setup using a DHCP
8790 hook to ensure that the client stops using the Debian Edu proxy when
8791 it is moved outside the Debian Edu network, and instead uses any local
8792 proxy present on the new network when it moves around.</p>
8793
8794 <p>The DNS names of the LDAP, Kerberos and syslog server and related
8795 configuration are generated using DNS information at boot. First the
8796 installer looks for a host named ldap in the current DNS domain. If
8797 not found, it looks for _ldap._tcp SRV records in DNS instead. If an
8798 LDAP server is found, its root DSE entry is requested and the
8799 attributes namingContexts and defaultNamingContext are used to
8800 determine which LDAP base to use for NSS. If there are several
8801 namingContexts attibutes and the defaultNamingContext is present, that
8802 LDAP subtree is used as the base. If defaultNamingContext is missing,
8803 the subtrees listed as namingContexts are searched in sequence for any
8804 object with class posixAccount or posixGroup, and the first one with
8805 such an object is used as the LDAP base. For Kerberos, a similar
8806 search is done by first looking for a host named kerberos, and then
8807 for the _kerberos._tcp SRV record. I've been unable to find a way to
8808 look up the Kerberos realm, so for this the upper case string of the
8809 current DNS domain is used.</p>
8810
8811 <p>For the syslog server, the hosts syslog and loghost are searched
8812 for, and the _syslog._udp SRV record is consulted if no such host is
8813 found. This algorithm works for both Debian Edu and the University of
8814 Oslo. A similar strategy would work for locating the sitesummary
8815 server, but have not been implemented yet. I decided to fetch and
8816 save these settings during installation, to make sure moving to a
8817 different network does not change the set of users being allowed to
8818 log in nor the passwords required to log in. Usernames and passwords
8819 will be cached by sssd when the user logs in on the Debian Edu
8820 network, and will not change as the laptop move around. For a
8821 non-roaming machine, there is no caching, but given that it is
8822 supposed to stay in place it should not matter much. Perhaps we
8823 should switch those to use sssd too?</p>
8824
8825 <p>The user's SMB mount point for the network home directory is
8826 located when the user logs in for the first time. The LDAP server is
8827 consulted to look for the user's LDAP object and the sambaHomePath
8828 attribute is used if found. If it isn't found, the home directory
8829 path fetched from NSS is used instead. Assuming the path is of the
8830 form /site/server/directory/username, the second part is looked up in
8831 DNS and used to generate a SMB URL of the form
8832 smb://server.domain/username. This algorithm works for both Debian
8833 edu and the University of Oslo. Perhaps there are better attributes
8834 to use or a better algorithm that works for more sites, but this will
8835 do for now. :)</p>
8836
8837 <p>This work should make it easier to integrate the Debian Edu clients
8838 into any LDAP/Kerberos infrastructure, and make the current setup even
8839 more flexible than before. I suspect it will also work for thin
8840 client servers, allowing one to easily set up LTSP and hook it into a
8841 existing network infrastructure, but I have not had time to test this
8842 yet.</p>
8843
8844 <p>If you want to help out with implementing these things for Debian
8845 Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
8846
8847 <p>Update 2010-08-09: Simon Farnsworth gave me a heads-up on how to
8848 detect Kerberos realm from DNS, by looking for _kerberos TXT entries
8849 before falling back to the upper case DNS domain name. Will have to
8850 implement it for Debian Edu. :)</p>
8851
8852 </div>
8853 <div class="tags">
8854
8855
8856 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
8857
8858
8859 </div>
8860 </div>
8861 <div class="padding"></div>
8862
8863 <div class="entry">
8864 <div class="title">
8865 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Testing_if_a_file_system_can_be_used_for_home_directories___.html">Testing if a file system can be used for home directories...</a>
8866 </div>
8867 <div class="date">
8868 8th August 2010
8869 </div>
8870 <div class="body">
8871 <p>A few years ago, I was involved in a project planning to use
8872 Windows file servers as home directory servers for Debian
8873 Edu/Skolelinux machines. This was thought to be no problem, as the
8874 access would be through the SMB network file system protocol, and we
8875 knew other sites used SMB with unix and samba as the file server to
8876 mount home directories without any problems. But, after months of
8877 struggling, we had to conclude that our goal was impossible.</p>
8878
8879 <p>The reason is simply that while SMB can be used for home
8880 directories when the file server is Samba running on Unix, this only
8881 work because of Samba have some extensions and the fact that the
8882 underlying file system is a unix file system. When using a Windows
8883 file server, the underlying file system do not have POSIX semantics,
8884 and several programs will fail if the users home directory where they
8885 want to store their configuration lack POSIX semantics.</p>
8886
8887 <p>As part of this work, I wrote a small C program I want to share
8888 with you all, to replicate a few of the problematic applications (like
8889 OpenOffice.org and GCompris) and see if the file system was working as
8890 it should. If you find yourself in spooky file system land, it might
8891 help you find your way out again. This is the fs-test.c source:</p>
8892
8893 <pre>
8894 /*
8895 * Some tests to check the file system sematics. Used to verify that
8896 * CIFS from a windows server do not work properly as a linux home
8897 * directory.
8898 * License: GPL v2 or later
8899 *
8900 * needs libsqlite3-dev and build-essential installed
8901 * compile with: gcc -Wall -lsqlite3 -DTEST_SQLITE fs-test.c -o fs-test
8902 */
8903
8904 #define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS 64
8905 #define _LARGEFILE_SOURCE 1
8906 #define _LARGEFILE64_SOURCE 1
8907
8908 #define _GNU_SOURCE /* for asprintf() */
8909
8910 #include &lt;errno.h>
8911 #include &lt;fcntl.h>
8912 #include &lt;stdio.h>
8913 #include &lt;string.h>
8914 #include &lt;stdlib.h>
8915 #include &lt;sys/file.h>
8916 #include &lt;sys/stat.h>
8917 #include &lt;sys/types.h>
8918 #include &lt;unistd.h>
8919
8920 #ifdef TEST_SQLITE
8921 /*
8922 * Test sqlite open, as done by gcompris require the libsqlite3-dev
8923 * package and linking with -lsqlite3. A more low level test is
8924 * below.
8925 * See also &lt;URL: http://www.sqlite.org./faq.html#q5 >.
8926 */
8927 #include &lt;sqlite3.h>
8928 #define CREATE_TABLE_USERS \
8929 "CREATE TABLE users (user_id INT UNIQUE, login TEXT, lastname TEXT, firstname TEXT, birthdate TEXT, class_id INT ); "
8930 int test_sqlite_open(void) {
8931 char *zErrMsg;
8932 char *name = "testsqlite.db";
8933 sqlite3 *db=NULL;
8934 unlink(name);
8935 int rc = sqlite3_open(name, &db);
8936 if( rc ){
8937 printf("error: sqlite open of %s failed: %s\n", name, sqlite3_errmsg(db));
8938 sqlite3_close(db);
8939 return -1;
8940 }
8941
8942 /* create tables */
8943 rc = sqlite3_exec(db,CREATE_TABLE_USERS, NULL, 0, &zErrMsg);
8944 if( rc != SQLITE_OK ){
8945 printf("error: sqlite table create failed: %s\n", zErrMsg);
8946 sqlite3_close(db);
8947 return -1;
8948 }
8949 printf("info: sqlite worked\n");
8950 sqlite3_close(db);
8951 return 0;
8952 }
8953 #endif /* TEST_SQLITE */
8954
8955 /*
8956 * Demonstrate locking issue found in gcompris using sqlite3. This
8957 * work with ext3, but not with cifs server on Windows 2003. This is
8958 * done in the sqlite3 library.
8959 * See also
8960 * &lt;URL:http://www.cygwin.com/ml/cygwin/2001-08/msg00854.html> and the
8961 * POSIX specification
8962 * &lt;URL:http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/fcntl.html>.
8963 */
8964 int test_gcompris_locking(void) {
8965 struct flock fl;
8966 char *name = "testsqlite.db";
8967 unlink(name);
8968 int fd = open(name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_LARGEFILE, 0644);
8969 printf("info: testing fcntl locking\n");
8970
8971 fl.l_whence = SEEK_SET;
8972 fl.l_pid = getpid();
8973 printf(" Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824");
8974 fl.l_start = 1073741824;
8975 fl.l_len = 1;
8976 fl.l_type = F_RDLCK;
8977 if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
8978
8979 printf(" Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826");
8980 fl.l_start = 1073741826;
8981 fl.l_len = 510;
8982 fl.l_type = F_RDLCK;
8983 if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
8984
8985 printf(" Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824");
8986 fl.l_start = 1073741824;
8987 fl.l_len = 1;
8988 fl.l_type = F_UNLCK;
8989 if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
8990
8991 printf(" Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824");
8992 fl.l_start = 1073741824;
8993 fl.l_len = 1;
8994 fl.l_type = F_WRLCK;
8995 if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
8996
8997 printf(" Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826");
8998 fl.l_start = 1073741826;
8999 fl.l_len = 510;
9000 if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
9001
9002 printf(" Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824");
9003 fl.l_start = 1073741824;
9004 fl.l_len = 2;
9005 fl.l_type = F_UNLCK;
9006 if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
9007
9008 close(fd);
9009 return 0;
9010 }
9011
9012 /*
9013 * Test if permissions of freshly created directories allow entries
9014 * below them. This was a problem with OpenOffice.org and gcompris.
9015 * Mounting with option 'sync' seem to solve this problem while
9016 * slowing down file operations.
9017 */
9018 int test_subdirectory_creation(void) {
9019 #define LEVELS 5
9020 char *path = strdup("test");
9021 char *dirs[LEVELS];
9022 int level;
9023 printf("info: testing subdirectory creation\n");
9024 for (level = 0; level &lt; LEVELS; level++) {
9025 char *newpath = NULL;
9026 if (-1 == mkdir(path, 0777)) {
9027 printf(" error: Unable to create directory '%s': %s\n",
9028 path, strerror(errno));
9029 break;
9030 }
9031 asprintf(&newpath, "%s/%s", path, "test");
9032 free(path);
9033 path = newpath;
9034 }
9035 return 0;
9036 }
9037
9038 /*
9039 * Test if symlinks can be created. This was a problem detected with
9040 * KDE.
9041 */
9042 int test_symlinks(void) {
9043 printf("info: testing symlink creation\n");
9044 unlink("symlink");
9045 if (-1 == symlink("file", "symlink"))
9046 printf(" error: Unable to create symlink\n");
9047 return 0;
9048 }
9049
9050 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
9051 printf("Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system\n");
9052 test_symlinks();
9053 test_subdirectory_creation();
9054 #ifdef TEST_SQLITE
9055 test_sqlite_open();
9056 #endif /* TEST_SQLITE */
9057 test_gcompris_locking();
9058 return 0;
9059 }
9060 </pre>
9061
9062 <p>When everything is working, it should print something like
9063 this:</p>
9064
9065 <pre>
9066 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
9067 info: testing symlink creation
9068 info: testing subdirectory creation
9069 info: sqlite worked
9070 info: testing fcntl locking
9071 Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
9072 Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
9073 Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
9074 Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
9075 Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
9076 Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
9077 </pre>
9078
9079 <p>I do not remember the exact details of the problems we saw, but one
9080 of them was with locking, where if I remember correctly, POSIX allow a
9081 read-only lock to be upgraded to a read-write lock without unlocking
9082 the read-only lock (while Windows do not). Another was a bug in the
9083 CIFS/SMB client implementation in the Linux kernel where directory
9084 meta information would be wrong for a fraction of a second, making
9085 OpenOffice.org fail to create its deep directory tree because it was
9086 not allowed to create files in its freshly created directory.</p>
9087
9088 <p>Anyway, here is a nice tool for your tool box, might you never need
9089 it. :)</p>
9090
9091 <p>Update 2010-08-27: Michael Gebetsroither report that he found the
9092 script so useful that he created a GIT repository and stored it in
9093 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a>.</p>
9094
9095 </div>
9096 <div class="tags">
9097
9098
9099 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
9100
9101
9102 </div>
9103 </div>
9104 <div class="padding"></div>
9105
9106 <div class="entry">
9107 <div class="title">
9108 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Autodetecting_Client_setup_for_roaming_workstations_in_Debian_Edu.html">Autodetecting Client setup for roaming workstations in Debian Edu</a>
9109 </div>
9110 <div class="date">
9111 7th August 2010
9112 </div>
9113 <div class="body">
9114 <p>A few days ago, I
9115 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_roaming_workstation___at_the_university_of_Oslo.html">tried
9116 to install</a> a Roaming workation profile from Debian Edu/Squeeze
9117 while on the university network here at the University of Oslo, and
9118 noticed how much had to change to get it operational using the
9119 university infrastructure. It was fairly easy, but it occured to me
9120 that Debian Edu would improve a lot if I could get the client to
9121 connect without any changes at all, and thus let the client configure
9122 itself during installation and first boot to use the infrastructure
9123 around it. Now I am a huge step further along that road.</p>
9124
9125 <p>With our current squeeze-test packages, I can select the roaming
9126 workstation profile and get a working laptop connecting to the
9127 university LDAP server for user and group and our active directory
9128 servers for Kerberos authentication. All this without any
9129 configuration at all during installation. My users home directory got
9130 a bookmark in the KDE menu to mount it via SMB, with the correct URL.
9131 In short, openldap and sssd is correctly configured. In addition to
9132 this, the client look for http://wpad/wpad.dat to configure a web
9133 proxy, and when it fail to find it no proxy settings are stored in
9134 /etc/environment and /etc/apt/apt.conf. Iceweasel and KDE is
9135 configured to look for the same wpad configuration and also do not use
9136 a proxy when at the university network. If the machine is moved to a
9137 network with such wpad setup, it would automatically use it when DHCP
9138 gave it a IP address.</p>
9139
9140 <p>The LDAP server is located using DNS, by first looking for the DNS
9141 entry ldap.$domain. If this do not exist, it look for the
9142 _ldap._tcp.$domain SRV records and use the first one as the LDAP
9143 server. Next, it connects to the LDAP server and search all
9144 namingContexts entries for posixAccount or posixGroup objects, and
9145 pick the first one as the LDAP base. For Kerberos, a similar
9146 algorithm is used to locate the LDAP server, and the realm is the
9147 uppercase version of $domain.</p>
9148
9149 <p>So, what is not working, you might ask. SMB mounting my home
9150 directory do not work. No idea why, but suspected the incorrect
9151 Kerberos settings in /etc/krb5.conf and /etc/samba/smb.conf might be
9152 the cause. These are not properly configured during installation, and
9153 had to be hand-edited to get the correct Kerberos realm and server,
9154 but SMB mounting still do not work. :(</p>
9155
9156 <p>With this automatic configuration in place, I expect a Debian Edu
9157 roaming profile installation would be able to automatically detect and
9158 connect to any site using LDAP and Kerberos for NSS directory and PAM
9159 authentication. It should also work out of the box in a Active
9160 Directory environment providing posixAccount and posixGroup objects
9161 with UID and GID values.</p>
9162
9163 <p>If you want to help out with implementing these things for Debian
9164 Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
9165
9166 </div>
9167 <div class="tags">
9168
9169
9170 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
9171
9172
9173 </div>
9174 </div>
9175 <div class="padding"></div>
9176
9177 <div class="entry">
9178 <div class="title">
9179 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_roaming_workstation___at_the_university_of_Oslo.html">Debian Edu roaming workstation - at the university of Oslo</a>
9180 </div>
9181 <div class="date">
9182 3rd August 2010
9183 </div>
9184 <div class="body">
9185 <p>The new roaming workstation profile in Debian Edu/Squeeze is fairly
9186 similar to the laptop setup am I working on using Ubuntu for the
9187 University of Oslo, and just for the heck of it, I tested today how
9188 hard it would be to integrate that profile into the university
9189 infrastructure. In this case, it is the university LDAP server,
9190 Active Directory Kerberos server and SMB mounting from the Netapp file
9191 servers.</p>
9192
9193 <p>I was pleasantly surprised that the only three files needed to be
9194 changed (/etc/sssd/sssd.conf, /etc/ldap.conf and
9195 /etc/mklocaluser.d/20-debian-edu-config) and one file had to be added
9196 (/usr/share/perl5/Debian/Edu_Local.pm), to get the client working.
9197 Most of the changes were to get the client to use the university LDAP
9198 for NSS and Kerberos server for PAM, but one was to change a hard
9199 coded DNS domain name in the mklocaluser hook from .intern to
9200 .uio.no.</p>
9201
9202 <p>This testing was so encouraging, that I went ahead and adjusted the
9203 Debian Edu scripts and setup in subversion to centralise the roaming
9204 workstation setup a bit more and avoid the hardcoded DNS domain name,
9205 so that when I test this tomorrow, I expect to get away with modifying
9206 only /etc/sssd/sssd.conf and /etc/ldap.conf to get it to use the
9207 university servers.</p>
9208
9209 <p>My goal is to get the clients to have no hardcoded settings and
9210 fetch all their initial setup during installation and first boot, to
9211 allow them to be inserted also into environments where the default
9212 setup in Debian Edu has been changed or as with the university, where
9213 the environment is different but provides the protocols Debian Edu
9214 uses.</p>
9215
9216 </div>
9217 <div class="tags">
9218
9219
9220 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
9221
9222
9223 </div>
9224 </div>
9225 <div class="padding"></div>
9226
9227 <div class="entry">
9228 <div class="title">
9229 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Debian_Edu_test_release__alpha0__based_on_Squeeze_is_released.html">First Debian Edu test release (alpha0) based on Squeeze is released</a>
9230 </div>
9231 <div class="date">
9232 27th July 2010
9233 </div>
9234 <div class="body">
9235 <p>I just posted this announcement culminating several months of work
9236 with the next Debian Edu release. Not nearly done, but one major step
9237 completed.</p>
9238
9239 <blockquote>
9240 <p>This is the first test release based on Squeeze. The focus of this
9241 release is to test the user application selection. To have a look,
9242 install the standalone profile and let the developers know if the set
9243 of installed packages i.e. applications should be modified. If some
9244 user application is missing, or if there are some applications that no
9245 longer make sense to be included in Debian Edu, please let us know.
9246 Also, if a useful application is missing the translation for your
9247 language of choice, please let us know too.</p>
9248
9249 <p>In addition, feedback and help to polish the desktop (menus,
9250 artwork, starters, etc.) is appreciated. We would like to ship a nice
9251 and handy KDE4 desktop targeted for schools out of the box.</p>
9252
9253 <p>The other profiles should be installable, but there is a lot more
9254 work left to be done before they are ready, so do not expect to
9255 much.</p>
9256
9257 <p>Changes compared to the lenny based version</p>
9258
9259 <ul>
9260 <li>Everything from Debian Squeeze
9261 <ul>
9262 <li>Desktop environment KDE 4.4 => the new KDE desktop in
9263 combination with some new artwork
9264 <li>Web browser Iceweasel 3.5
9265 <li>OpenOffice.org 3.2
9266 <li>Educational toolbox GCompris 9.3
9267 <li>Music creator Rosegarden 10.04.2
9268 <li>Image editor Gimp 2.6.10
9269 <li>Virtual universe Celestia 1.6.0
9270 <li>Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.10.4
9271 <li>3D modeler Blender 2.49.2 (new application)
9272 <li>Video editor Kdenlive 0.7.7 (new application)
9273 </ul></li>
9274 <li>Now using Kerberos for password checking (migration not finished).
9275 Enabled for:
9276 <ul>
9277 <li>PAM
9278 <li>LDAP
9279 <li>IMAP
9280 <li>SMTP (sender verification)
9281 </ul>
9282 </li>
9283 <li>New experimental roaming workstation profile for laptops.</li>
9284 <li>Show welcome page to users when they first log in. The URL is
9285 fetched from LDAP.</li>
9286 <li>New LXDE desktop option, in addition to KDE (default) and Gnome.</li>
9287 <li>General cleanup (not finished)</li>
9288 </ul>
9289 <p>The following features are not working as they should</p>
9290
9291 <ul>
9292 <li>No web based administration tool for creating users and groups. The
9293 scripts ldap-createuser-krb and ldap-add-user-to-group can be used
9294 for testing.</li>
9295 <li>DVD installs are missing debian-installer images for the PXE boot,
9296 and do not set up the PXE menu on eth0 because of this. LTSP
9297 clients should still boot from eth1 on thin client servers.</li>
9298 <li>The restructured KDE menu is not implemented.</li>
9299 <li>The LDAP server setup need to be reviewed for security.</li>
9300 <li>The LDAP directory structure need to be reworked.</li>
9301 <li>Different sets of packages are installed when using the DVD and the
9302 netinst CD. More packages are installed using the netinst CD.</li>
9303 <li>The jackd package fail to install. This is believed to be caused by
9304 some ongoing transition, and hopefully should be solved soon. The
9305 jackd1 package can be installed manually for those that need it.</li>
9306 <li>Some packages lack translations. See
9307 http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Squeeze for updated status,
9308 and help out with translations.</li>
9309 </ul>
9310
9311 <p>To download this multiarch netinstall release you can use</p>
9312
9313 <ul>
9314 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</a></li>
9315 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</a></li>
9316 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
9317 </ul>
9318 <p>To download this multiarch dvd release you can use</p>
9319
9320 <ul>
9321 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</a></li>
9322 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</a></li>
9323 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
9324 </ul>
9325
9326 <p>There is no source DVD available yet. It will be prepared when we
9327 get closer to the final release.</p>
9328
9329 <p>The MD5SUM of these images are</p>
9330
9331 <ul>
9332 <li>3dbf45d59f42a53518b6e3c9ec3b5eb6 debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
9333 <li>22f2cbfce281d1c6e478be452638675d debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
9334 </ul>
9335
9336 <p>The SHA1SUM of these images are</p>
9337 <ul>
9338 <li>c53d1b69b40cf37cd27aefaf33f6f6a3821bedf0 debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
9339 <li>2ec29d7db676d59d32197b05c277ffe16348376c debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
9340 </ul>
9341 <p>How to report bugs:
9342 http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugsInBugzilla</p>
9343
9344 <p>Please direct replies to debian-edu@lists.debian.org</p>
9345 </blockquote>
9346
9347 </div>
9348 <div class="tags">
9349
9350
9351 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
9352
9353
9354 </div>
9355 </div>
9356 <div class="padding"></div>
9357
9358 <div class="entry">
9359 <div class="title">
9360 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/One_step_closer_to_single_signon_in_Debian_Edu.html">One step closer to single signon in Debian Edu</a>
9361 </div>
9362 <div class="date">
9363 25th July 2010
9364 </div>
9365 <div class="body">
9366 <p>The last few months me and the other Debian Edu developers have
9367 been working hard to get the Debian/Squeeze based version of Debian
9368 Edu/Skolelinux into shape. This future version will use Kerberos for
9369 authentication, and services are slowly migrated to single signon,
9370 getting rid of password questions one at the time.</p>
9371
9372 <p>It will also feature a roaming workstation profile with local home
9373 directory, for laptops that are only some times on the Skolelinux
9374 network, and for this profile a shortcut is created in Gnome and KDE
9375 to gain access to the users home directory on the file server. This
9376 shortcut uses SMB at the moment, and yesterday I had time to test if
9377 SMB mounting had started working in KDE after we added the cifs-utils
9378 package. I was pleasantly surprised how well it worked.</p>
9379
9380 <p>Thanks to the recent changes to our samba configuration to get it
9381 to use Kerberos for authentication, there were no question about user
9382 password when mounting the SMB volume. A simple click on the shortcut
9383 in the KDE menu, and a window with the home directory popped
9384 up. :)</p>
9385
9386 <p>One step closer to a single signon solution out of the box in
9387 Debian Edu. We already had PAM, LDAP, IMAP and SMTP in place, and now
9388 also Samba. Next step is Cups and hopefully also NFS.</p>
9389
9390 <p>We had planned a alpha0 release of Debian Edu for today, but thanks
9391 to the autobuilder administrators for some architectures being slow to
9392 sign packages, we are still missing the fixed LTSP package we need for
9393 the release. It was uploaded three days ago with urgency=high, and if
9394 it had entered testing yesterday we would have been able to test it in
9395 time for a alpha0 release today. As the binaries for ia64 and powerpc
9396 still not uploaded to the Debian archive, we need to delay the alpha
9397 release another day.</p>
9398
9399 <p>If you want to help out with implementing Kerberos for Debian Edu,
9400 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
9401
9402 </div>
9403 <div class="tags">
9404
9405
9406 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet</a>.
9407
9408
9409 </div>
9410 </div>
9411 <div class="padding"></div>
9412
9413 <div class="entry">
9414 <div class="title">
9415 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/What_are_they_searching_for___PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_in_LDAP.html">What are they searching for - PowerDNS and ISC DHCP in LDAP</a>
9416 </div>
9417 <div class="date">
9418 17th July 2010
9419 </div>
9420 <div class="body">
9421 <p>This is a
9422 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">followup</a>
9423 on my
9424 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_a_change_to_LDAP_schemas_allowing_DNS_and_DHCP_info_to_be_combined_into_one_object.html">previous
9425 work</a> on
9426 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Combining_PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_LDAP_objects.html">merging
9427 all</a> the computer related LDAP objects in Debian Edu.</p>
9428
9429 <p>As a step to try to see if it possible to merge the DNS and DHCP
9430 LDAP objects, I have had a look at how the packages pdns-backend-ldap
9431 and dhcp3-server-ldap in Debian use the LDAP server. The two
9432 implementations are quite different in how they use LDAP.</p>
9433
9434 To get this information, I started slapd with debugging enabled and
9435 dumped the debug output to a file to get the LDAP searches performed
9436 on a Debian Edu main-server. Here is a summary.
9437
9438 <p><strong>powerdns</strong></p>
9439
9440 <a href="http://www.linuxnetworks.de/doc/index.php/PowerDNS_LDAP_Backend">Clues
9441 on how to</a> set up PowerDNS to use a LDAP backend is available on
9442 the web.
9443
9444 <p>PowerDNS have two modes of operation using LDAP as its backend.
9445 One "strict" mode where the forward and reverse DNS lookups are done
9446 using the same LDAP objects, and a "tree" mode where the forward and
9447 reverse entries are in two different subtrees in LDAP with a structure
9448 based on the DNS names, as in tjener.intern and
9449 2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa.</p>
9450
9451 <p>In tree mode, the server is set up to use a LDAP subtree as its
9452 base, and uses a "base" scoped search for the DNS name by adding
9453 "dc=tjener,dc=intern," to the base with a filter for
9454 "(associateddomain=tjener.intern)" for the forward entry and
9455 "dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa," with a filter for
9456 "(associateddomain=2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa)" for the reverse entry. For
9457 forward entries, it is looking for attributes named dnsttl, arecord,
9458 nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord, ptrrecord, hinforecord, mxrecord,
9459 txtrecord, rprecord, afsdbrecord, keyrecord, aaaarecord, locrecord,
9460 srvrecord, naptrrecord, kxrecord, certrecord, dsrecord, sshfprecord,
9461 ipseckeyrecord, rrsigrecord, nsecrecord, dnskeyrecord, dhcidrecord,
9462 spfrecord and modifytimestamp. For reverse entries it is looking for
9463 the attributes dnsttl, arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord,
9464 ptrrecord, hinforecord, mxrecord, txtrecord, rprecord, aaaarecord,
9465 locrecord, srvrecord, naptrrecord and modifytimestamp. The equivalent
9466 ldapsearch commands could look like this:</p>
9467
9468 <blockquote><pre>
9469 ldapsearch -h ldap \
9470 -b dc=tjener,dc=intern,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no \
9471 -s base -x '(associateddomain=tjener.intern)' dNSTTL aRecord nSRecord \
9472 cNAMERecord sOARecord pTRRecord hInfoRecord mXRecord tXTRecord \
9473 rPRecord aFSDBRecord KeyRecord aAAARecord lOCRecord sRVRecord \
9474 nAPTRRecord kXRecord certRecord dSRecord sSHFPRecord iPSecKeyRecord \
9475 rRSIGRecord nSECRecord dNSKeyRecord dHCIDRecord sPFRecord modifyTimestamp
9476
9477 ldapsearch -h ldap \
9478 -b dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no \
9479 -s base -x '(associateddomain=2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa)'
9480 dnsttl, arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord soarecord ptrrecord \
9481 hinforecord mxrecord txtrecord rprecord aaaarecord locrecord \
9482 srvrecord naptrrecord modifytimestamp
9483 </pre></blockquote>
9484
9485 <p>In Debian Edu/Lenny, the PowerDNS tree mode is used with
9486 ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no as the base, and these are two
9487 example LDAP objects used there. In addition to these objects, the
9488 parent objects all th way up to ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
9489 also exist.</p>
9490
9491 <blockquote><pre>
9492 dn: dc=tjener,dc=intern,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
9493 objectclass: top
9494 objectclass: dnsdomain
9495 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
9496 dc: tjener
9497 arecord: 10.0.2.2
9498 associateddomain: tjener.intern
9499
9500 dn: dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
9501 objectclass: top
9502 objectclass: dnsdomain2
9503 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
9504 dc: 2
9505 ptrrecord: tjener.intern
9506 associateddomain: 2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa
9507 </pre></blockquote>
9508
9509 <p>In strict mode, the server behaves differently. When looking for
9510 forward DNS entries, it is doing a "subtree" scoped search with the
9511 same base as in the tree mode for a object with filter
9512 "(associateddomain=tjener.intern)" and requests the attributes dnsttl,
9513 arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord, ptrrecord, hinforecord,
9514 mxrecord, txtrecord, rprecord, aaaarecord, locrecord, srvrecord,
9515 naptrrecord and modifytimestamp. For reverse entires it also do a
9516 subtree scoped search but this time the filter is "(arecord=10.0.2.2)"
9517 and the requested attributes are associateddomain, dnsttl and
9518 modifytimestamp. In short, in strict mode the objects with ptrrecord
9519 go away, and the arecord attribute in the forward object is used
9520 instead.</p>
9521
9522 <p>The forward and reverse searches can be simulated using ldapsearch
9523 like this:</p>
9524
9525 <blockquote><pre>
9526 ldapsearch -h ldap -b ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no -s sub -x \
9527 '(associateddomain=tjener.intern)' dNSTTL aRecord nSRecord \
9528 cNAMERecord sOARecord pTRRecord hInfoRecord mXRecord tXTRecord \
9529 rPRecord aFSDBRecord KeyRecord aAAARecord lOCRecord sRVRecord \
9530 nAPTRRecord kXRecord certRecord dSRecord sSHFPRecord iPSecKeyRecord \
9531 rRSIGRecord nSECRecord dNSKeyRecord dHCIDRecord sPFRecord modifyTimestamp
9532
9533 ldapsearch -h ldap -b ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no -s sub -x \
9534 '(arecord=10.0.2.2)' associateddomain dnsttl modifytimestamp
9535 </pre></blockquote>
9536
9537 <p>In addition to the forward and reverse searches , there is also a
9538 search for SOA records, which behave similar to the forward and
9539 reverse lookups.</p>
9540
9541 <p>A thing to note with the PowerDNS behaviour is that it do not
9542 specify any objectclass names, and instead look for the attributes it
9543 need to generate a DNS reply. This make it able to work with any
9544 objectclass that provide the needed attributes.</p>
9545
9546 <p>The attributes are normally provided in the cosine (RFC 1274) and
9547 dnsdomain2 schemas. The latter is used for reverse entries like
9548 ptrrecord and recent DNS additions like aaaarecord and srvrecord.</p>
9549
9550 <p>In Debian Edu, we have created DNS objects using the object classes
9551 dcobject (for dc), dnsdomain or dnsdomain2 (structural, for the DNS
9552 attributes) and domainrelatedobject (for associatedDomain). The use
9553 of structural object classes make it impossible to combine these
9554 classes with the object classes used by DHCP.</p>
9555
9556 <p>There are other schemas that could be used too, for example the
9557 dnszone structural object class used by Gosa and bind-sdb for the DNS
9558 attributes combined with the domainrelatedobject object class, but in
9559 this case some unused attributes would have to be included as well
9560 (zonename and relativedomainname).</p>
9561
9562 <p>My proposal for Debian Edu would be to switch PowerDNS to strict
9563 mode and not use any of the existing objectclasses (dnsdomain,
9564 dnsdomain2 and dnszone) when one want to combine the DNS information
9565 with DHCP information, and instead create a auxiliary object class
9566 defined something like this (using the attributes defined for
9567 dnsdomain and dnsdomain2 or dnszone):</p>
9568
9569 <blockquote><pre>
9570 objectclass ( some-oid NAME 'dnsDomainAux'
9571 SUP top
9572 AUXILIARY
9573 MAY ( ARecord $ MDRecord $ MXRecord $ NSRecord $ SOARecord $ CNAMERecord $
9574 DNSTTL $ DNSClass $ PTRRecord $ HINFORecord $ MINFORecord $
9575 TXTRecord $ SIGRecord $ KEYRecord $ AAAARecord $ LOCRecord $
9576 NXTRecord $ SRVRecord $ NAPTRRecord $ KXRecord $ CERTRecord $
9577 A6Record $ DNAMERecord
9578 ))
9579 </pre></blockquote>
9580
9581 <p>This will allow any object to become a DNS entry when combined with
9582 the domainrelatedobject object class, and allow any entity to include
9583 all the attributes PowerDNS wants. I've sent an email to the PowerDNS
9584 developers asking for their view on this schema and if they are
9585 interested in providing such schema with PowerDNS, and I hope my
9586 message will be accepted into their mailing list soon.</p>
9587
9588 <p><strong>ISC dhcp</strong></p>
9589
9590 <p>The DHCP server searches for specific objectclass and requests all
9591 the object attributes, and then uses the attributes it want. This
9592 make it harder to figure out exactly what attributes are used, but
9593 thanks to the working example in Debian Edu I can at least get an idea
9594 what is needed without having to read the source code.</p>
9595
9596 <p>In the DHCP server configuration, the LDAP base to use and the
9597 search filter to use to locate the correct dhcpServer entity is
9598 stored. These are the relevant entries from
9599 /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf:</p>
9600
9601 <blockquote><pre>
9602 ldap-base-dn "dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no";
9603 ldap-dhcp-server-cn "dhcp";
9604 </pre></blockquote>
9605
9606 <p>The DHCP server uses this information to nest all the DHCP
9607 configuration it need. The cn "dhcp" is located using the given LDAP
9608 base and the filter "(&(objectClass=dhcpServer)(cn=dhcp))". The
9609 search result is this entry:</p>
9610
9611 <blockquote><pre>
9612 dn: cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
9613 cn: dhcp
9614 objectClass: top
9615 objectClass: dhcpServer
9616 dhcpServiceDN: cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
9617 </pre></blockquote>
9618
9619 <p>The content of the dhcpServiceDN attribute is next used to locate the
9620 subtree with DHCP configuration. The DHCP configuration subtree base
9621 is located using a base scope search with base "cn=DHCP
9622 Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no" and filter
9623 "(&(objectClass=dhcpService)(|(dhcpPrimaryDN=cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no)(dhcpSecondaryDN=cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no)))".
9624 The search result is this entry:</p>
9625
9626 <blockquote><pre>
9627 dn: cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
9628 cn: DHCP Config
9629 objectClass: top
9630 objectClass: dhcpService
9631 objectClass: dhcpOptions
9632 dhcpPrimaryDN: cn=dhcp, dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
9633 dhcpStatements: ddns-update-style none
9634 dhcpStatements: authoritative
9635 dhcpOption: smtp-server code 69 = array of ip-address
9636 dhcpOption: www-server code 72 = array of ip-address
9637 dhcpOption: wpad-url code 252 = text
9638 </pre></blockquote>
9639
9640 <p>Next, the entire subtree is processed, one level at the time. When
9641 all the DHCP configuration is loaded, it is ready to receive requests.
9642 The subtree in Debian Edu contain objects with object classes
9643 top/dhcpService/dhcpOptions, top/dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions,
9644 top/dhcpSubnet, top/dhcpGroup and top/dhcpHost. These provide options
9645 and information about netmasks, dynamic range etc. Leaving out the
9646 details here because it is not relevant for the focus of my
9647 investigation, which is to see if it is possible to merge dns and dhcp
9648 related computer objects.</p>
9649
9650 <p>When a DHCP request come in, LDAP is searched for the MAC address
9651 of the client (00:00:00:00:00:00 in this example), using a subtree
9652 scoped search with "cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no" as
9653 the base and "(&(objectClass=dhcpHost)(dhcpHWAddress=ethernet
9654 00:00:00:00:00:00))" as the filter. This is what a host object look
9655 like:</p>
9656
9657 <blockquote><pre>
9658 dn: cn=hostname,cn=group1,cn=THINCLIENTS,cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
9659 cn: hostname
9660 objectClass: top
9661 objectClass: dhcpHost
9662 dhcpHWAddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
9663 dhcpStatements: fixed-address hostname
9664 </pre></blockquote>
9665
9666 <p>There is less flexiblity in the way LDAP searches are done here.
9667 The object classes need to have fixed names, and the configuration
9668 need to be stored in a fairly specific LDAP structure. On the
9669 positive side, the invidiual dhcpHost entires can be anywhere without
9670 the DN pointed to by the dhcpServer entries. The latter should make
9671 it possible to group all host entries in a subtree next to the
9672 configuration entries, and this subtree can also be shared with the
9673 DNS server if the schema proposed above is combined with the dhcpHost
9674 structural object class.
9675
9676 <p><strong>Conclusion</strong></p>
9677
9678 <p>The PowerDNS implementation seem to be very flexible when it come
9679 to which LDAP schemas to use. While its "tree" mode is rigid when it
9680 come to the the LDAP structure, the "strict" mode is very flexible,
9681 allowing DNS objects to be stored anywhere under the base cn specified
9682 in the configuration.</p>
9683
9684 <p>The DHCP implementation on the other hand is very inflexible, both
9685 regarding which LDAP schemas to use and which LDAP structure to use.
9686 I guess one could implement ones own schema, as long as the
9687 objectclasses and attributes have the names used, but this do not
9688 really help when the DHCP subtree need to have a fairly fixed
9689 structure.</p>
9690
9691 <p>Based on the observed behaviour, I suspect a LDAP structure like
9692 this might work for Debian Edu:</p>
9693
9694 <blockquote><pre>
9695 ou=services
9696 cn=machine-info (dhcpService) - dhcpServiceDN points here
9697 cn=dhcp (dhcpServer)
9698 cn=dhcp-internal (dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions)
9699 cn=10.0.2.0 (dhcpSubnet)
9700 cn=group1 (dhcpGroup/dhcpOptions)
9701 cn=dhcp-thinclients (dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions)
9702 cn=192.168.0.0 (dhcpSubnet)
9703 cn=group1 (dhcpGroup/dhcpOptions)
9704 ou=machines - PowerDNS base points here
9705 cn=hostname (dhcpHost/domainrelatedobject/dnsDomainAux)
9706 </pre></blockquote>
9707
9708 <P>This is not tested yet. If the DHCP server require the dhcpHost
9709 entries to be in the dhcpGroup subtrees, the entries can be stored
9710 there instead of a common machines subtree, and the PowerDNS base
9711 would have to be moved one level up to the machine-info subtree.</p>
9712
9713 <p>The combined object under the machines subtree would look something
9714 like this:</p>
9715
9716 <blockquote><pre>
9717 dn: dc=hostname,ou=machines,cn=machine-info,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
9718 dc: hostname
9719 objectClass: top
9720 objectClass: dhcpHost
9721 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
9722 objectclass: dnsDomainAux
9723 associateddomain: hostname.intern
9724 arecord: 10.11.12.13
9725 dhcpHWAddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
9726 dhcpStatements: fixed-address hostname.intern
9727 </pre></blockquote>
9728
9729 </p>One could even add the LTSP configuration associated with a given
9730 machine, as long as the required attributes are available in a
9731 auxiliary object class.</p>
9732
9733 </div>
9734 <div class="tags">
9735
9736
9737 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
9738
9739
9740 </div>
9741 </div>
9742 <div class="padding"></div>
9743
9744 <div class="entry">
9745 <div class="title">
9746 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Combining_PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_LDAP_objects.html">Combining PowerDNS and ISC DHCP LDAP objects</a>
9747 </div>
9748 <div class="date">
9749 14th July 2010
9750 </div>
9751 <div class="body">
9752 <p>For a while now, I have wanted to find a way to change the DNS and
9753 DHCP services in Debian Edu to use the same LDAP objects for a given
9754 computer, to avoid the possibility of having a inconsistent state for
9755 a computer in LDAP (as in DHCP but no DNS entry or the other way
9756 around) and make it easier to add computers to LDAP.</p>
9757
9758 <p>I've looked at how powerdns and dhcpd is using LDAP, and using this
9759 information finally found a solution that seem to work.</p>
9760
9761 <p>The old setup required three LDAP objects for a given computer.
9762 One forward DNS entry, one reverse DNS entry and one DHCP entry. If
9763 we switch powerdns to use its strict LDAP method (ldap-method=strict
9764 in pdns-debian-edu.conf), the forward and reverse DNS entries are
9765 merged into one while making it impossible to transfer the reverse map
9766 to a slave DNS server.</p>
9767
9768 <p>If we also replace the object class used to get the DNS related
9769 attributes to one allowing these attributes to be combined with the
9770 dhcphost object class, we can merge the DNS and DHCP entries into one.
9771 I've written such object class in the dnsdomainaux.schema file (need
9772 proper OIDs, but that is a minor issue), and tested the setup. It
9773 seem to work.</p>
9774
9775 <p>With this test setup in place, we can get away with one LDAP object
9776 for both DNS and DHCP, and even the LTSP configuration I suggested in
9777 an earlier email. The combined LDAP object will look something like
9778 this:</p>
9779
9780 <blockquote><pre>
9781 dn: cn=hostname,cn=group1,cn=THINCLIENTS,cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
9782 cn: hostname
9783 objectClass: dhcphost
9784 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
9785 objectclass: dnsdomainaux
9786 associateddomain: hostname.intern
9787 arecord: 10.11.12.13
9788 dhcphwaddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
9789 dhcpstatements: fixed-address hostname
9790 ldapconfigsound: Y
9791 </pre></blockquote>
9792
9793 <p>The DNS server uses the associateddomain and arecord entries, while
9794 the DHCP server uses the dhcphwaddress and dhcpstatements entries
9795 before asking DNS to resolve the fixed-adddress. LTSP will use
9796 dhcphwaddress or associateddomain and the ldapconfig* attributes.</p>
9797
9798 <p>I am not yet sure if I can get the DHCP server to look for its
9799 dhcphost in a different location, to allow us to put the objects
9800 outside the "DHCP Config" subtree, but hope to figure out a way to do
9801 that. If I can't figure out a way to do that, we can still get rid of
9802 the hosts subtree and move all its content into the DHCP Config tree
9803 (which probably should be renamed to be more related to the new
9804 content. I suspect cn=dnsdhcp,ou=services or something like that
9805 might be a good place to put it.</p>
9806
9807 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
9808 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
9809
9810 </div>
9811 <div class="tags">
9812
9813
9814 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
9815
9816
9817 </div>
9818 </div>
9819 <div class="padding"></div>
9820
9821 <div class="entry">
9822 <div class="title">
9823 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_storing_LTSP_configuration_in_LDAP.html">Idea for storing LTSP configuration in LDAP</a>
9824 </div>
9825 <div class="date">
9826 11th July 2010
9827 </div>
9828 <div class="body">
9829 <p>Vagrant mentioned on IRC today that ltsp_config now support
9830 sourcing files from /usr/share/ltsp/ltsp_config.d/ on the thin
9831 clients, and that this can be used to fetch configuration from LDAP if
9832 Debian Edu choose to store configuration there.</p>
9833
9834 <p>Armed with this information, I got inspired and wrote a test module
9835 to get configuration from LDAP. The idea is to look up the MAC
9836 address of the client in LDAP, and look for attributes on the form
9837 ltspconfigsetting=value, and use this to export SETTING=value to the
9838 LTSP clients.</p>
9839
9840 <p>The goal is to be able to store the LTSP configuration attributes
9841 in a "computer" LDAP object used by both DNS and DHCP, and thus
9842 allowing us to store all information about a computer in one place.</p>
9843
9844 <p>This is a untested draft implementation, and I welcome feedback on
9845 this approach. A real LDAP schema for the ltspClientAux objectclass
9846 need to be written. Comments, suggestions, etc?</p>
9847
9848 <blockquote><pre>
9849 # Store in /opt/ltsp/$arch/usr/share/ltsp/ltsp_config.d/ldap-config
9850 #
9851 # Fetch LTSP client settings from LDAP based on MAC address
9852 #
9853 # Uses ethernet address as stored in the dhcpHost objectclass using
9854 # the dhcpHWAddress attribute or ethernet address stored in the
9855 # ieee802Device objectclass with the macAddress attribute.
9856 #
9857 # This module is written to be schema agnostic, and only depend on the
9858 # existence of attribute names.
9859 #
9860 # The LTSP configuration variables are saved directly using a
9861 # ltspConfig prefix and uppercasing the rest of the attribute name.
9862 # To set the SERVER variable, set the ltspConfigServer attribute.
9863 #
9864 # Some LDAP schema should be created with all the relevant
9865 # configuration settings. Something like this should work:
9866 #
9867 # objectclass ( 1.1.2.2 NAME 'ltspClientAux'
9868 # SUP top
9869 # AUXILIARY
9870 # MAY ( ltspConfigServer $ ltsConfigSound $ ... )
9871
9872 LDAPSERVER=$(debian-edu-ldapserver)
9873 if [ "$LDAPSERVER" ] ; then
9874 LDAPBASE=$(debian-edu-ldapserver -b)
9875 for MAC in $(LANG=C ifconfig |grep -i hwaddr| awk '{print $5}'|sort -u) ; do
9876 filter="(|(dhcpHWAddress=ethernet $MAC)(macAddress=$MAC))"
9877 ldapsearch -h "$LDAPSERVER" -b "$LDAPBASE" -v -x "$filter" | \
9878 grep '^ltspConfig' | while read attr value ; do
9879 # Remove prefix and convert to upper case
9880 attr=$(echo $attr | sed 's/^ltspConfig//i' | tr a-z A-Z)
9881 # bass value on to clients
9882 eval "$attr=$value; export $attr"
9883 done
9884 done
9885 fi
9886 </pre></blockquote>
9887
9888 <p>I'm not sure this shell construction will work, because I suspect
9889 the while block might end up in a subshell causing the variables set
9890 there to not show up in ltsp-config, but if that is the case I am sure
9891 the code can be restructured to make sure the variables are passed on.
9892 I expect that can be solved with some testing. :)</p>
9893
9894 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
9895 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
9896
9897 <p>Update 2010-07-17: I am aware of another effort to store LTSP
9898 configuration in LDAP that was created around year 2000 by
9899 <a href="http://www.pcxperience.com/thinclient/documentation/ldap.html">PC
9900 Xperience, Inc., 2000</a>. I found its
9901 <a href="http://people.redhat.com/alikins/ltsp/ldap/">files</a> on a
9902 personal home page over at redhat.com.</p>
9903
9904 </div>
9905 <div class="tags">
9906
9907
9908 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
9909
9910
9911 </div>
9912 </div>
9913 <div class="padding"></div>
9914
9915 <div class="entry">
9916 <div class="title">
9917 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/jXplorer__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">jXplorer, a very nice LDAP GUI</a>
9918 </div>
9919 <div class="date">
9920 9th July 2010
9921 </div>
9922 <div class="body">
9923 <p>Since
9924 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/LUMA__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">my
9925 last post</a> about available LDAP tools in Debian, I was told about a
9926 LDAP GUI that is even better than luma. The java application
9927 <a href="http://jxplorer.org/">jXplorer</a> is claimed to be capable of
9928 moving LDAP objects and subtrees using drag-and-drop, and can
9929 authenticate using Kerberos. I have only tested the Kerberos
9930 authentication, but do not have a LDAP setup allowing me to rewrite
9931 LDAP with my test user yet. It is
9932 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/j/jxplorer.html">available in
9933 Debian</a> testing and unstable at the moment. The only problem I
9934 have with it is how it handle errors. If something go wrong, its
9935 non-intuitive behaviour require me to go through some query work list
9936 and remove the failing query. Nothing big, but very annoying.</p>
9937
9938 </div>
9939 <div class="tags">
9940
9941
9942 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
9943
9944
9945 </div>
9946 </div>
9947 <div class="padding"></div>
9948
9949 <div class="entry">
9950 <div class="title">
9951 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__apt_vs_aptitude_with_the_Gnome_desktop.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, apt vs aptitude with the Gnome desktop</a>
9952 </div>
9953 <div class="date">
9954 3rd July 2010
9955 </div>
9956 <div class="body">
9957 <p>Here is a short update on my <a
9958 href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">my
9959 Debian Lenny->Squeeze upgrade testing</a>. Here is a summary of the
9960 difference for Gnome when it is upgraded by apt-get and aptitude. I'm
9961 not reporting the status for KDE, because the upgrade crashes when
9962 aptitude try because of missing conflicts
9963 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584861">#584861</a> and
9964 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/585716">#585716</a>).</p>
9965
9966 <p>At the end of the upgrade test script, dpkg -l is executed to get a
9967 complete list of the installed packages. Based on this I see these
9968 differences when I did a test run today. As usual, I do not really
9969 know what the correct set of packages would be, but thought it best to
9970 publish the difference.</p>
9971
9972 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
9973
9974 <blockquote><p>
9975 at-spi cpp-4.3 finger gnome-spell gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
9976 libatspi1.0-0 libcupsys2 libeel2-data libgail-common libgdl-1-common
9977 libgnomeprint2.2-data libgnomeprintui2.2-common libgnomevfs2-bin
9978 libgtksourceview-common libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa
9979 libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libservlet2.4-java libxalan2-java
9980 libxerces2-java openoffice.org-writer2latex openssl-blacklist p7zip
9981 python-4suite-xml python-eggtrayicon python-gtkhtml2
9982 python-gtkmozembed svgalibg1 xserver-xephyr zip
9983 </p></blockquote>
9984
9985 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
9986
9987 <blockquote><p>
9988 bluez-utils dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop epiphany-gecko
9989 gnome-app-install gnome-mount gnome-vfs-obexftp gnome-volume-manager
9990 libao2 libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5 libbind9-50
9991 libbluetooth2 libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7 libcucul0 libcurl3
9992 libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdvdread3 libedata-cal1.2-6 libedataserver1.2-9
9993 libeel2-2.20 libepc-1.0-1 libepc-ui-1.0-1 libexchange-storage1.2-3
9994 libfaad0 libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libggz2 libggzcore9
9995 libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0 libgnome-desktop-2
9996 libgnome-pilot2 libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomeprint2.2-0
9997 libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtkhtml2-0
9998 libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgucharmap6 libhesiod0 libicu38 libisccc50
9999 libisccfg50 libiw29 libkpathsea4 libltdl3 liblwres50 libmagick++10
10000 libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmtp7 libmysqlclient15off libnautilus-burn4
10001 libneon27 libnm-glib0 libnm-util0 libopal-2.2 libosp5
10002 libparted1.8-10 libpisock9 libpisync1 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3
10003 libpt-1.10.10 libraw1394-8 libsensors3 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8
10004 libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1
10005 libtotem-plparser10 libtrackerclient0 libvoikko1 libxalan2-java-gcj
10006 libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12 libxtrap6 libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3
10007 mysql-common swfdec-gnome totem-gstreamer wodim
10008 </p></blockquote>
10009
10010 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
10011
10012 <blockquote><p>
10013 gnome gnome-desktop-environment hamster-applet python-gnomeapplet
10014 python-gnomekeyring python-wnck rhythmbox-plugins xorg
10015 xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
10016 xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
10017 xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-video-all
10018 xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark xserver-xorg-video-ati
10019 xserver-xorg-video-chips xserver-xorg-video-cirrus
10020 xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
10021 xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
10022 xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-mach64
10023 xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
10024 xserver-xorg-video-nouveau xserver-xorg-video-nv
10025 xserver-xorg-video-r128 xserver-xorg-video-radeon
10026 xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd xserver-xorg-video-rendition
10027 xserver-xorg-video-s3 xserver-xorg-video-s3virge
10028 xserver-xorg-video-savage xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion
10029 xserver-xorg-video-sis xserver-xorg-video-sisusb
10030 xserver-xorg-video-tdfx xserver-xorg-video-tga
10031 xserver-xorg-video-trident xserver-xorg-video-tseng
10032 xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vmware
10033 xserver-xorg-video-voodoo
10034 </p></blockquote>
10035
10036 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
10037
10038 <blockquote><p>
10039 deskbar-applet xserver-xorg xserver-xorg-core
10040 xserver-xorg-input-wacom xserver-xorg-video-intel
10041 xserver-xorg-video-openchrome
10042 </p></blockquote>
10043
10044 <p>I was told on IRC that the xorg-xserver package was
10045 <a href="http://git.debian.org/?p=pkg-xorg/xserver/xorg-server.git;a=commit;h=9c8080d06c457932d3bfec021c69ac000aa60120">changed
10046 in git</a> today to try to get apt-get to not remove xorg completely.
10047 No idea when it hits Squeeze, but when it does I hope it will reduce
10048 the difference somewhat.
10049
10050 </div>
10051 <div class="tags">
10052
10053
10054 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
10055
10056
10057 </div>
10058 </div>
10059 <div class="padding"></div>
10060
10061 <div class="entry">
10062 <div class="title">
10063 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Caching_password__user_and_group_on_a_roaming_Debian_laptop.html">Caching password, user and group on a roaming Debian laptop</a>
10064 </div>
10065 <div class="date">
10066 1st July 2010
10067 </div>
10068 <div class="body">
10069 <p>For a laptop, centralized user directories and password checking is
10070 a bit troubling. Laptops are typically used also when not connected
10071 to the network, and it is vital for a user to be able to log in or
10072 unlock the screen saver also when a central server is unavailable.
10073 This is possible by caching passwords and directory information (user
10074 and group attributes) locally, and the packages to do so are available
10075 in Debian. Here follow two recipes to set this up in Debian/Squeeze.
10076 It is also possible to set up in Debian/Lenny, but require more manual
10077 setup there because pam-auth-update is missing in Lenny.</p>
10078
10079 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + nscd + libpam-ccreds + libpam-mklocaluser/pam_mkhomedir</h2>
10080
10081 This is the traditional method with a twist. The password caching is
10082 provided by libpam-ccreds (version 10-4 or later is needed on
10083 Squeeze), and the directory caching is done by nscd. The directory
10084 lookup and password checking is done using LDAP. If one want to use
10085 Kerberos for password checking the libpam-ldapd package can be
10086 replaced with libpam-krb5 or libpam-heimdal. If one is happy having a
10087 local home directory with the path listed in LDAP, one can use the
10088 pam_mkhomedir module from pam-modules to make this happen instead of
10089 using libpam-mklocaluser. A setup for pam-auth-update to enable
10090 pam_mkhomedir will have to be written until a fix for
10091 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/568577">bug #568577</a> is in the
10092 archive. Because I believe it is a bad idea to have local home
10093 directories using misleading paths like /site/server/partition/, I
10094 prefer to create a local user with the home directory in /home/. This
10095 is done using the libpam-mklocaluser package.</p>
10096
10097 <p>These packages need to be installed and configured</p>
10098
10099 <blockquote><pre>
10100 libnss-ldapd libpam-ldapd nscd libpam-ccreds libpam-mklocaluser
10101 </pre></blockquote>
10102
10103 <p>The ldapd packages will ask for LDAP connection information, and
10104 one have to fill in the values that fits ones own site. Make sure the
10105 PAM part uses encrypted connections, to make sure the password is not
10106 sent in clear text to the LDAP server. I've been unable to get TLS
10107 certificate checking for a self signed certificate working, which make
10108 LDAP authentication unsafe for Debian Edu (nslcd is not checking if it
10109 is talking to the correct LDAP server), and very much welcome feedback
10110 on how to get this working.</p>
10111
10112 <p>Because nscd do not have a default configuration fit for offline
10113 caching until <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/485282">bug #485282</a>
10114 is fixed, this configuration should be used instead of the one
10115 currently in /etc/nscd.conf. The changes are in the fields
10116 reload-count and positive-time-to-live, and is based on the
10117 instructions I found in the
10118 <a href="http://www.flyn.org/laptopldap/">LDAP for Mobile Laptops</a>
10119 instructions by Flyn Computing.</p>
10120
10121 <blockquote><pre>
10122 debug-level 0
10123 reload-count unlimited
10124 paranoia no
10125
10126 enable-cache passwd yes
10127 positive-time-to-live passwd 2592000
10128 negative-time-to-live passwd 20
10129 suggested-size passwd 211
10130 check-files passwd yes
10131 persistent passwd yes
10132 shared passwd yes
10133 max-db-size passwd 33554432
10134 auto-propagate passwd yes
10135
10136 enable-cache group yes
10137 positive-time-to-live group 2592000
10138 negative-time-to-live group 20
10139 suggested-size group 211
10140 check-files group yes
10141 persistent group yes
10142 shared group yes
10143 max-db-size group 33554432
10144 auto-propagate group yes
10145
10146 enable-cache hosts no
10147 positive-time-to-live hosts 2592000
10148 negative-time-to-live hosts 20
10149 suggested-size hosts 211
10150 check-files hosts yes
10151 persistent hosts yes
10152 shared hosts yes
10153 max-db-size hosts 33554432
10154
10155 enable-cache services yes
10156 positive-time-to-live services 2592000
10157 negative-time-to-live services 20
10158 suggested-size services 211
10159 check-files services yes
10160 persistent services yes
10161 shared services yes
10162 max-db-size services 33554432
10163 </pre></blockquote>
10164
10165 <p>While we wait for a mechanism to update /etc/nsswitch.conf
10166 automatically like the one provided in
10167 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/496915">bug #496915</a>, the file
10168 content need to be manually replaced to ensure LDAP is used as the
10169 directory service on the machine. /etc/nsswitch.conf should normally
10170 look like this:</p>
10171
10172 <blockquote><pre>
10173 passwd: files ldap
10174 group: files ldap
10175 shadow: files ldap
10176 hosts: files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns mdns4
10177 networks: files
10178 protocols: files
10179 services: files
10180 ethers: files
10181 rpc: files
10182 netgroup: files ldap
10183 </pre></blockquote>
10184
10185 <p>The important parts are that ldap is listed last for passwd, group,
10186 shadow and netgroup.</p>
10187
10188 <p>With these changes in place, any user in LDAP will be able to log
10189 in locally on the machine using for example kdm, get a local home
10190 directory created and have the password as well as user and group
10191 attributes cached.
10192
10193 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + nss-updatedb + libpam-ccreds +
10194 libpam-mklocaluser/pam_mkhomedir</h2>
10195
10196 <p>Because nscd have had its share of problems, and seem to have
10197 problems doing proper caching, I've seen suggestions and recipes to
10198 use nss-updatedb to copy parts of the LDAP database locally when the
10199 LDAP database is available. I have not tested such setup, because I
10200 discovered sssd.</p>
10201
10202 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + sssd + libpam-mklocaluser</h2>
10203
10204 <p>A more flexible and robust setup than the nscd combination
10205 mentioned earlier that has shown up recently, is the
10206 <a href="https://fedorahosted.org/sssd/">sssd</a> package from Redhat.
10207 It is part of the <a href="http://www.freeipa.org/">FreeIPA</A> project
10208 to provide a Active Directory like directory service for Linux
10209 machines. The sssd system combines the caching of passwords and user
10210 information into one package, and remove the need for nscd and
10211 libpam-ccreds. It support LDAP and Kerberos, but not NIS. Version
10212 1.2 do not support netgroups, but it is said that it will support this
10213 in version 1.5 expected to show up later in 2010. Because the
10214 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/sssd.html">sssd package</a>
10215 was missing in Debian, I ended up co-maintaining it with Werner, and
10216 version 1.2 is now in testing.
10217
10218 <p>These packages need to be installed and configured to get the
10219 roaming setup I want</p>
10220
10221 <blockquote><pre>
10222 libpam-sss libnss-sss libpam-mklocaluser
10223 </pre></blockquote>
10224
10225 The complete setup of sssd is done by editing/creating
10226 <tt>/etc/sssd/sssd.conf</tt>.
10227
10228 <blockquote><pre>
10229 [sssd]
10230 config_file_version = 2
10231 reconnection_retries = 3
10232 sbus_timeout = 30
10233 services = nss, pam
10234 domains = INTERN
10235
10236 [nss]
10237 filter_groups = root
10238 filter_users = root
10239 reconnection_retries = 3
10240
10241 [pam]
10242 reconnection_retries = 3
10243
10244 [domain/INTERN]
10245 enumerate = false
10246 cache_credentials = true
10247
10248 id_provider = ldap
10249 auth_provider = ldap
10250 chpass_provider = ldap
10251
10252 ldap_uri = ldap://ldap
10253 ldap_search_base = dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
10254 ldap_tls_reqcert = never
10255 ldap_tls_cacert = /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt
10256 </pre></blockquote>
10257
10258 <p>I got the same problem here with certificate checking. Had to set
10259 "ldap_tls_reqcert = never" to get it working.</p>
10260
10261 <p>With the libnss-sss package in testing at the moment, the
10262 nsswitch.conf file is update automatically, so there is no need to
10263 modify it manually.</p>
10264
10265 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
10266 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
10267
10268 </div>
10269 <div class="tags">
10270
10271
10272 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10273
10274
10275 </div>
10276 </div>
10277 <div class="padding"></div>
10278
10279 <div class="entry">
10280 <div class="title">
10281 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/LUMA__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">LUMA, a very nice LDAP GUI</a>
10282 </div>
10283 <div class="date">
10284 28th June 2010
10285 </div>
10286 <div class="body">
10287 <p>The last few days I have been looking into the status of the LDAP
10288 directory in Debian Edu, and in the process I started to miss a GUI
10289 tool to browse the LDAP tree. The only one I was able to find in
10290 Debian/Squeeze and Lenny is
10291 <a href="http://luma.sourceforge.net/">LUMA</a>, which has proved to
10292 be a great tool to get a overview of the current LDAP directory
10293 populated by default in Skolelinux. Thanks to it, I have been able to
10294 find empty and obsolete subtrees, misplaced objects and duplicate
10295 objects. It will be installed by default in Debian/Squeeze. If you
10296 are working with LDAP, give it a go. :)</p>
10297
10298 <p>I did notice one problem with it I have not had time to report to
10299 the BTS yet. There is no .desktop file in the package, so the tool do
10300 not show up in the Gnome and KDE menus, but only deep down in in the
10301 Debian submenu in KDE. I hope that can be fixed before Squeeze is
10302 released.</p>
10303
10304 <p>I have not yet been able to get it to modify the tree yet. I would
10305 like to move objects and remove subtrees directly in the GUI, but have
10306 not found a way to do that with LUMA yet. So in the mean time, I use
10307 <a href="http://www.lichteblau.com/ldapvi/">ldapvi</a> for that.</p>
10308
10309 <p>If you have tips on other GUI tools for LDAP that might be useful
10310 in Debian Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
10311
10312 <p>Update 2010-06-29: Ross Reedstrom tipped us about the
10313 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/g/gq.html">gq</a> package as a
10314 useful GUI alternative. It seem like a good tool, but is unmaintained
10315 in Debian and got a RC bug keeping it out of Squeeze. Unless that
10316 changes, it will not be an option for Debian Edu based on Squeeze.</p>
10317
10318 </div>
10319 <div class="tags">
10320
10321
10322 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10323
10324
10325 </div>
10326 </div>
10327 <div class="padding"></div>
10328
10329 <div class="entry">
10330 <div class="title">
10331 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_a_change_to_LDAP_schemas_allowing_DNS_and_DHCP_info_to_be_combined_into_one_object.html">Idea for a change to LDAP schemas allowing DNS and DHCP info to be combined into one object</a>
10332 </div>
10333 <div class="date">
10334 24th June 2010
10335 </div>
10336 <div class="body">
10337 <p>A while back, I
10338 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">complained
10339 about the fact</a> that it is not possible with the provided schemas
10340 for storing DNS and DHCP information in LDAP to combine the two sets
10341 of information into one LDAP object representing a computer.</p>
10342
10343 <p>In the mean time, I discovered that a simple fix would be to make
10344 the dhcpHost object class auxiliary, to allow it to be combined with
10345 the dNSDomain object class, and thus forming one object for one
10346 computer when storing both DHCP and DNS information in LDAP.</p>
10347
10348 <p>If I understand this correctly, it is not safe to do this change
10349 without also changing the assigned number for the object class, and I
10350 do not know enough about LDAP schema design to do that properly for
10351 Debian Edu.</p>
10352
10353 <p>Anyway, for future reference, this is how I believe we could change
10354 the
10355 <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-dhc-ldap-schema-00">DHCP
10356 schema</a> to solve at least part of the problem with the LDAP schemas
10357 available today from IETF.</p>
10358
10359 <pre>
10360 --- dhcp.schema (revision 65192)
10361 +++ dhcp.schema (working copy)
10362 @@ -376,7 +376,7 @@
10363 objectclass ( 2.16.840.1.113719.1.203.6.6
10364 NAME 'dhcpHost'
10365 DESC 'This represents information about a particular client'
10366 - SUP top
10367 + SUP top AUXILIARY
10368 MUST cn
10369 MAY (dhcpLeaseDN $ dhcpHWAddress $ dhcpOptionsDN $ dhcpStatements $ dhcpComments $ dhcpOption)
10370 X-NDS_CONTAINMENT ('dhcpService' 'dhcpSubnet' 'dhcpGroup') )
10371 </pre>
10372
10373 <p>I very much welcome clues on how to do this properly for Debian
10374 Edu/Squeeze. We provide the DHCP schema in our debian-edu-config
10375 package, and should thus be free to rewrite it as we see fit.</p>
10376
10377 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
10378 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
10379
10380 </div>
10381 <div class="tags">
10382
10383
10384 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10385
10386
10387 </div>
10388 </div>
10389 <div class="padding"></div>
10390
10391 <div class="entry">
10392 <div class="title">
10393 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__removals_by_apt_and_aptitude.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, removals by apt and aptitude</a>
10394 </div>
10395 <div class="date">
10396 13th June 2010
10397 </div>
10398 <div class="body">
10399 <p>My
10400 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_upgrade_testing_from_Lenny_to_Squeeze.html">testing
10401 of Debian upgrades</a> from Lenny to Squeeze continues, and I've
10402 finally made the upgrade logs available from
10403 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/debian-upgrade-testing/</a>.
10404 I am now testing dist-upgrade of Gnome and KDE in a chroot using both
10405 apt and aptitude, and found their differences interesting. This time
10406 I will only focus on their removal plans.</p>
10407
10408 <p>After installing a Gnome desktop and the laptop task, apt-get wants
10409 to remove 72 packages when dist-upgrading from Lenny to Squeeze. The
10410 surprising part is that it want to remove xorg and all
10411 xserver-xorg-video* drivers. Clearly not a good choice, but I am not
10412 sure why. When asking aptitude to do the same, it want to remove 129
10413 packages, but most of them are library packages I suspect are no
10414 longer needed. Both of them want to remove bluetooth packages, which
10415 I do not know. Perhaps these bluetooth packages are obsolete?</p>
10416
10417 <p>For KDE, apt-get want to remove 82 packages, among them kdebase
10418 which seem like a bad idea and xorg the same way as with Gnome. Asking
10419 aptitude for the same, it wants to remove 192 packages, none which are
10420 too surprising.</p>
10421
10422 <p>I guess the removal of xorg during upgrades should be investigated
10423 and avoided, and perhaps others as well. Here are the complete list
10424 of planned removals. The complete logs is available from the URL
10425 above. Note if you want to repeat these tests, that the upgrade test
10426 for kde+apt-get hung in the tasksel setup because of dpkg asking
10427 conffile questions. No idea why. I worked around it by using
10428 '<tt>echo >> /proc/<em>pidofdpkg</em>/fd/0</tt>' to tell dpkg to
10429 continue.</p>
10430
10431 <p><b>apt-get gnome 72</b>
10432 <br>bluez-gnome cupsddk-drivers deskbar-applet gnome
10433 gnome-desktop-environment gnome-network-admin gtkhtml3.14
10434 iceweasel-gnome-support libavcodec51 libdatrie0 libgdl-1-0
10435 libgnomekbd2 libgnomekbdui2 libmetacity0 libslab0 libxcb-xlib0
10436 nautilus-cd-burner python-gnome2-desktop python-gnome2-extras
10437 serpentine swfdec-mozilla update-manager xorg xserver-xorg
10438 xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
10439 xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
10440 xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-input-wacom
10441 xserver-xorg-video-all xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark
10442 xserver-xorg-video-ati xserver-xorg-video-chips
10443 xserver-xorg-video-cirrus xserver-xorg-video-cyrix
10444 xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
10445 xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
10446 xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-imstt
10447 xserver-xorg-video-intel xserver-xorg-video-mach64
10448 xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
10449 xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-nv
10450 xserver-xorg-video-openchrome xserver-xorg-video-r128
10451 xserver-xorg-video-radeon xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd
10452 xserver-xorg-video-rendition xserver-xorg-video-s3
10453 xserver-xorg-video-s3virge xserver-xorg-video-savage
10454 xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion xserver-xorg-video-sis
10455 xserver-xorg-video-sisusb xserver-xorg-video-tdfx
10456 xserver-xorg-video-tga xserver-xorg-video-trident
10457 xserver-xorg-video-tseng xserver-xorg-video-v4l
10458 xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vga
10459 xserver-xorg-video-vmware xserver-xorg-video-voodoo xulrunner-1.9
10460 xulrunner-1.9-gnome-support</p>
10461
10462 <p><b>aptitude gnome 129</b>
10463
10464 <br>bluez-gnome bluez-utils cpp-4.3 cupsddk-drivers dhcdbd
10465 djvulibre-desktop finger gnome-app-install gnome-mount
10466 gnome-network-admin gnome-spell gnome-vfs-obexftp
10467 gnome-volume-manager gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs gtkhtml3.14 libao2
10468 libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5 libavcodec51 libbluetooth2
10469 libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7 libcucul0 libcupsys2 libcurl3 libdatrie0
10470 libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdvdread3 libedataserver1.2-9 libeel2-2.20
10471 libeel2-data libepc-1.0-1 libepc-ui-1.0-1 libfaad0 libgail-common
10472 libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libgdl-1-0 libgdl-1-common
10473 libggz2 libggzcore9 libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0
10474 libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomekbd2 libgnomekbdui2 libgnomeprint2.2-0
10475 libgnomeprint2.2-data libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgnomeprintui2.2-common
10476 libgnomevfs2-bin libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtkhtml2-0
10477 libgtksourceview-common libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgucharmap6
10478 libhesiod0 libicu38 libiw29 libkpathsea4 libltdl3 libmagick++10
10479 libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmetacity0 libmtp7 libmysqlclient15off
10480 libnautilus-burn4 libneon27 libnm-glib0 libnm-util0 libopal-2.2
10481 libosp5 libparted1.8-10 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3 libpt-1.10.10
10482 libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libraw1394-8
10483 libsensors3 libslab0 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8 libssh2-1
10484 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1 libtotem-plparser10
10485 libtrackerclient0 libxalan2-java libxalan2-java-gcj libxcb-xlib0
10486 libxerces2-java libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12 libxtrap6
10487 libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3 mysql-common nautilus-cd-burner
10488 openoffice.org-writer2latex openssl-blacklist p7zip
10489 python-4suite-xml python-eggtrayicon python-gnome2-desktop
10490 python-gnome2-extras python-gtkhtml2 python-gtkmozembed
10491 python-numeric python-sexy serpentine svgalibg1 swfdec-gnome
10492 swfdec-mozilla totem-gstreamer update-manager wodim
10493 xserver-xorg-video-cyrix xserver-xorg-video-imstt
10494 xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-v4l xserver-xorg-video-vga
10495 zip</p>
10496
10497 <p><b>apt-get kde 82</b>
10498
10499 <br>cupsddk-drivers karm kaudiocreator kcoloredit kcontrol kde kde-core
10500 kdeaddons kdeartwork kdebase kdebase-bin kdebase-bin-kde3
10501 kdebase-kio-plugins kdesktop kdeutils khelpcenter kicker
10502 kicker-applets knewsticker kolourpaint konq-plugins konqueror korn
10503 kpersonalizer kscreensaver ksplash libavcodec51 libdatrie0 libkiten1
10504 libxcb-xlib0 quanta superkaramba texlive-base-bin xorg xserver-xorg
10505 xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
10506 xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
10507 xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-input-wacom
10508 xserver-xorg-video-all xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark
10509 xserver-xorg-video-ati xserver-xorg-video-chips
10510 xserver-xorg-video-cirrus xserver-xorg-video-cyrix
10511 xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
10512 xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
10513 xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-imstt
10514 xserver-xorg-video-intel xserver-xorg-video-mach64
10515 xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
10516 xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-nv
10517 xserver-xorg-video-openchrome xserver-xorg-video-r128
10518 xserver-xorg-video-radeon xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd
10519 xserver-xorg-video-rendition xserver-xorg-video-s3
10520 xserver-xorg-video-s3virge xserver-xorg-video-savage
10521 xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion xserver-xorg-video-sis
10522 xserver-xorg-video-sisusb xserver-xorg-video-tdfx
10523 xserver-xorg-video-tga xserver-xorg-video-trident
10524 xserver-xorg-video-tseng xserver-xorg-video-v4l
10525 xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vga
10526 xserver-xorg-video-vmware xserver-xorg-video-voodoo xulrunner-1.9</p>
10527
10528 <p><b>aptitude kde 192</b>
10529 <br>bluez-utils cpp-4.3 cupsddk-drivers cvs dcoprss dhcdbd
10530 djvulibre-desktop dosfstools eyesapplet fifteenapplet finger gettext
10531 ghostscript-x imlib-base imlib11 indi kandy karm kasteroids
10532 kaudiocreator kbackgammon kbstate kcoloredit kcontrol kcron kdat
10533 kdeadmin-kfile-plugins kdeartwork-misc kdeartwork-theme-window
10534 kdebase-bin-kde3 kdebase-kio-plugins kdeedu-data
10535 kdegraphics-kfile-plugins kdelirc kdemultimedia-kappfinder-data
10536 kdemultimedia-kfile-plugins kdenetwork-kfile-plugins
10537 kdepim-kfile-plugins kdepim-kio-plugins kdeprint kdesktop kdessh
10538 kdict kdnssd kdvi kedit keduca kenolaba kfax kfaxview kfouleggs
10539 kghostview khelpcenter khexedit kiconedit kitchensync klatin
10540 klickety kmailcvt kmenuedit kmid kmilo kmoon kmrml kodo kolourpaint
10541 kooka korn kpager kpdf kpercentage kpf kpilot kpoker kpovmodeler
10542 krec kregexpeditor ksayit ksim ksirc ksirtet ksmiletris ksmserver
10543 ksnake ksokoban ksplash ksvg ksysv ktip ktnef kuickshow kverbos
10544 kview kviewshell kvoctrain kwifimanager kwin kwin4 kworldclock
10545 kxsldbg libakode2 libao2 libarts1-akode libarts1-audiofile
10546 libarts1-mpeglib libarts1-xine libavahi-compat-libdnssd1
10547 libavahi-core5 libavc1394-0 libavcodec51 libbluetooth2
10548 libboost-python1.34.1 libcucul0 libcurl3 libcvsservice0 libdatrie0
10549 libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdjvulibre21 libdvdread3 libfaad0 libfreebob0
10550 libgail-common libgd2-noxpm libgraphviz4 libgsmme1c2a libgtkhtml2-0
10551 libicu38 libiec61883-0 libindex0 libiw29 libk3b3 libkcal2b libkcddb1
10552 libkdeedu3 libkdepim1a libkgantt0 libkiten1 libkleopatra1 libkmime2
10553 libkpathsea4 libkpimexchange1 libkpimidentities1 libkscan1
10554 libksieve0 libktnef1 liblockdev1 libltdl3 libmagick10 libmimelib1c2a
10555 libmozjs1d libmpcdec3 libneon27 libnm-util0 libopensync0 libpisock9
10556 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler-qt2 libpoppler3 libraw1394-8 libsmbios2
10557 libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libtalloc1 libtiff-tools
10558 libxalan2-java libxalan2-java-gcj libxcb-xlib0 libxerces2-java
10559 libxerces2-java-gcj libxtrap6 mpeglib networkstatus
10560 openoffice.org-writer2latex pmount poster psutils quanta quanta-data
10561 superkaramba svgalibg1 tex-common texlive-base texlive-base-bin
10562 texlive-common texlive-doc-base texlive-fonts-recommended
10563 xserver-xorg-video-cyrix xserver-xorg-video-imstt
10564 xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-v4l xserver-xorg-video-vga
10565 xulrunner-1.9</p>
10566
10567
10568 </div>
10569 <div class="tags">
10570
10571
10572 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
10573
10574
10575 </div>
10576 </div>
10577 <div class="padding"></div>
10578
10579 <div class="entry">
10580 <div class="title">
10581 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_upgrade_testing_from_Lenny_to_Squeeze.html">Automatic upgrade testing from Lenny to Squeeze</a>
10582 </div>
10583 <div class="date">
10584 11th June 2010
10585 </div>
10586 <div class="body">
10587 <p>The last few days I have done some upgrade testing in Debian, to
10588 see if the upgrade from Lenny to Squeeze will go smoothly. A few bugs
10589 have been discovered and reported in the process
10590 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/585410">#585410</a> in nagios3-cgi,
10591 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584879">#584879</a> already fixed in
10592 enscript and <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584861">#584861</a> in
10593 kdebase-workspace-data), and to get a more regular testing going on, I
10594 am working on a script to automate the test.</p>
10595
10596 <p>The idea is to create a Lenny chroot and use tasksel to install a
10597 Gnome or KDE desktop installation inside the chroot before upgrading
10598 it. To ensure no services are started in the chroot, a policy-rc.d
10599 script is inserted. To make sure tasksel believe it is to install a
10600 desktop on a laptop, the tasksel tests are replaced in the chroot
10601 (only acceptable because this is a throw-away chroot).</p>
10602
10603 <p>A naive upgrade from Lenny to Squeeze using aptitude dist-upgrade
10604 currently always fail because udev refuses to upgrade with the kernel
10605 in Lenny, so to avoid that problem the file /etc/udev/kernel-upgrade
10606 is created. The bug report
10607 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/566000">#566000</a> make me suspect
10608 this problem do not trigger in a chroot, but I touch the file anyway
10609 to make sure the upgrade go well. Testing on virtual and real
10610 hardware have failed me because of udev so far, and creating this file
10611 do the trick in such settings anyway. This is a
10612 <a href="http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/debian-26/failed-dist-upgrade-due-to-udev-config_sysfs_deprecated-nonsense-804130/">known
10613 issue</a> and the current udev behaviour is intended by the udev
10614 maintainer because he lack the resources to rewrite udev to keep
10615 working with old kernels or something like that. I really wish the
10616 udev upstream would keep udev backwards compatible, to avoid such
10617 upgrade problem, but given that they fail to do so, I guess
10618 documenting the way out of this mess is the best option we got for
10619 Debian Squeeze.</p>
10620
10621 <p>Anyway, back to the task at hand, testing upgrades. This test
10622 script, which I call <tt>upgrade-test</tt> for now, is doing the
10623 trick:</p>
10624
10625 <blockquote><pre>
10626 #!/bin/sh
10627 set -ex
10628
10629 if [ "$1" ] ; then
10630 desktop=$1
10631 else
10632 desktop=gnome
10633 fi
10634
10635 from=lenny
10636 to=squeeze
10637
10638 exec &lt; /dev/null
10639 unset LANG
10640 mirror=http://ftp.skolelinux.org/debian
10641 tmpdir=chroot-$from-upgrade-$to-$desktop
10642 fuser -mv .
10643 debootstrap $from $tmpdir $mirror
10644 chroot $tmpdir aptitude update
10645 cat > $tmpdir/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d &lt;&lt;EOF
10646 #!/bin/sh
10647 exit 101
10648 EOF
10649 chmod a+rx $tmpdir/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d
10650 exit_cleanup() {
10651 umount $tmpdir/proc
10652 }
10653 mount -t proc proc $tmpdir/proc
10654 # Make sure proc is unmounted also on failure
10655 trap exit_cleanup EXIT INT
10656
10657 chroot $tmpdir aptitude -y install debconf-utils
10658
10659 # Make sure tasksel autoselection trigger. It need the test scripts
10660 # to return the correct answers.
10661 echo tasksel tasksel/desktop multiselect $desktop | \
10662 chroot $tmpdir debconf-set-selections
10663
10664 # Include the desktop and laptop task
10665 for test in desktop laptop ; do
10666 echo > $tmpdir/usr/lib/tasksel/tests/$test &lt;&lt;EOF
10667 #!/bin/sh
10668 exit 2
10669 EOF
10670 chmod a+rx $tmpdir/usr/lib/tasksel/tests/$test
10671 done
10672
10673 DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
10674 DEBIAN_PRIORITY=critical
10675 export DEBIAN_FRONTEND DEBIAN_PRIORITY
10676 chroot $tmpdir tasksel --new-install
10677
10678 echo deb $mirror $to main > $tmpdir/etc/apt/sources.list
10679 chroot $tmpdir aptitude update
10680 touch $tmpdir/etc/udev/kernel-upgrade
10681 chroot $tmpdir aptitude -y dist-upgrade
10682 fuser -mv
10683 </pre></blockquote>
10684
10685 <p>I suspect it would be useful to test upgrades with both apt-get and
10686 with aptitude, but I have not had time to look at how they behave
10687 differently so far. I hope to get a cron job running to do the test
10688 regularly and post the result on the web. The Gnome upgrade currently
10689 work, while the KDE upgrade fail because of the bug in
10690 kdebase-workspace-data</p>
10691
10692 <p>I am not quite sure what kind of extract from the huge upgrade logs
10693 (KDE 167 KiB, Gnome 516 KiB) it make sense to include in this blog
10694 post, so I will refrain from trying. I can report that for Gnome,
10695 aptitude report 760 packages upgraded, 448 newly installed, 129 to
10696 remove and 1 not upgraded and 1024MB need to be downloaded while for
10697 KDE the same numbers are 702 packages upgraded, 507 newly installed,
10698 193 to remove and 0 not upgraded and 1117MB need to be downloaded</p>
10699
10700 <p>I am very happy to notice that the Gnome desktop + laptop upgrade
10701 is able to migrate to dependency based boot sequencing and parallel
10702 booting without a hitch. Was unsure if there were still bugs with
10703 packages failing to clean up their obsolete init.d script during
10704 upgrades, and no such problem seem to affect the Gnome desktop+laptop
10705 packages.</p>
10706
10707 </div>
10708 <div class="tags">
10709
10710
10711 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
10712
10713
10714 </div>
10715 </div>
10716 <div class="padding"></div>
10717
10718 <div class="entry">
10719 <div class="title">
10720 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_er_laget_for_sentraldrifting__naturligvis.html">Skolelinux er laget for sentraldrifting, naturligvis</a>
10721 </div>
10722 <div class="date">
10723 9th June 2010
10724 </div>
10725 <div class="body">
10726 <p>Det er merkelig hvordan myter om Skolelinux overlever. En slik
10727 myte er at Skolelinux ikke kan sentraldriftes og ha sentralt plasserte
10728 tjenermaskiner. I siste Computerworld Norge er
10729 <a href="http://www.idg.no/computerworld/article169432.ece">IT-sjef
10730 Viggo Billdal i Steinkjer intervjuet</a>, og forteller uten
10731 blygsel:</p>
10732
10733 <blockquote><p>Vi hadde Skolelinux, men det har vi sluttet med. Vi testet
10734 om det lønte seg med Microsoft eller en åpen plattform. Vi fant ut at
10735 Microsoft egentlig var totalt sett bedre egnet. Det var store
10736 driftskostnader med Skolelinux, blant annet på grunn av
10737 desentraliserte servere. Det var komplisert, så vi gikk vekk fra det
10738 og bruker nå bare Windows.</p></blockquote>
10739
10740 <p>En <a
10741 href="https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/bruker/2010-June/009101.html">rask
10742 sjekk</a> mot den norske brukerlista i Skolelinuxprosjektet forteller
10743 at Steinkjers forsøk foregikk fram til 2004/2005, og at Røysing skole
10744 i Steinkjer skal ha vært svært fornøyd med Skolelinux men at kommunen
10745 overkjørte skolen og krevde at de gikk over til Windows. Et søk på
10746 nettet sendte meg til
10747 <a href="http://www.dn.no/multimedia/archive/00090/Dagens_it_nr__18_90826a.pdf">Dagens
10748 IT nr. 18 2005</a> hvor en kan lese på side 18:</p>
10749
10750 <blockquote><p>Inge Tømmerås ved Røysing skole i Steinkjer kjører ennå
10751 Microsoft, men forteller at kompetanseutfordringen med Skolelinux ikke
10752 var så stor. ­ Jeg syntes Skolelinux var utrolig lett å drifte uten
10753 forkunnskaper. Men man må jo selvsagt ha tilgang på ekstern kompetanse
10754 til installasjoner og maskinvarefeil, sier Tømmerås.</p></blockquote>
10755
10756 <p>Som systemarkitekten bak Skolelinux, kan jeg bare riste på hodet
10757 over påstanden om at Skolelinux krever desentraliserte tjenere.
10758 Skolelinux-arkitekturen er laget for sentralisert drift og plassering
10759 av tjenerne lokalt eller sentralt alt etter behov og nettkapasitet.
10760 Den er modellert på nettverks- og tjenerløsningen som brukes på
10761 Universitetet i Tromsø og Oslo, der jeg jobber med utvikling av
10762 driftstjenester. Dette er det heldigvis noen som har fått med seg, og
10763 jeg er glad for å kunne sitere fra en kommentar på den overnevnte
10764 artikkelen. Min venn og gamle kollega Sturle Sunde forteller der:
10765
10766 <blockquote>
10767 <p>I Flora kommune køyrer vi Skulelinux på skular med alt frå 15 til
10768 meir enn 500 elevar. Dei store skulane har eigen tenar, for det er
10769 mest praktisk. Eg, som er driftsansvarleg for heile nettet, ser
10770 sjeldan dei tenarane fysisk, men at dei står der gjer skulane mindre
10771 avhengige av eksterne linjer som er trege eller dyre. Dei minste
10772 skulane har ikkje eigen tenar. Å bruke sentral tenar er heller ikkje
10773 noko problem. Småskulane klarar seg fint med 1 mbit-linje til ein
10774 sentral tenar eller tenaren på ein større skule.</p>
10775
10776 <p>Det beste med Skulelinux er halvtjukke klientar. Dei treng ikkje
10777 harddisk og brukar minimalt med ressursar på tenaren fordi dei køyrer
10778 programma lokalt. Eit klasserom med 30 sju-åtte år gamle maskiner har
10779 mykje meir CPU og RAM totalt enn nokon moderne tenar til under
10780 millionen. Det trengst to kommandoar på den sentrale tenaren for å
10781 oppdatere alle klientane, både tynne og halvtjukke. Vi har ingen
10782 problem med diskar som ryk heller, som var eit problem før fordi
10783 elevane sat og sparka i maskinene. Og dei krev lite bandbreidde i
10784 nettet, so det er fullt mogleg å køyre slike på småskular med trege
10785 linjer mot tenaren på ein større skule.</p>
10786
10787 <p>Flora kommune har nesten 800 Linux-maskiner i sitt skulenett, og
10788 ein person som tek seg av drift av heile nettet, inkludert tenarar,
10789 klientar, operativsystem, programvare, heimekontorløysing og
10790 administrasjon av brukarar.</p>
10791
10792 <p>No skal det seiast at vi ikkje køyrer rein Skulelinux ut av
10793 boksen. Vi har gjort ein del tilpassingar mot noko Novell-greier som
10794 var der frå før, og som har komplisert installasjonen vår. Etter at
10795 oppsettet var gjort har løysinga vore stabil og kravd minimalt med
10796 arbeid.</p>
10797 </blockquote>
10798
10799 <p>Jeg vet at Narvik, Harstad og Oslo er kommuner der Skolelinux
10800 sentraldriftes med sentrale tjenere. Det forteller meg at Steinkjers
10801 IT-sjef neppe bør skylde på Skolelinux-løsningen for sine 5 år gamle
10802 minner.</p>
10803
10804 </div>
10805 <div class="tags">
10806
10807
10808 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10809
10810
10811 </div>
10812 </div>
10813 <div class="padding"></div>
10814
10815 <div class="entry">
10816 <div class="title">
10817 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_manual_for_standards_wars___.html">A manual for standards wars...</a>
10818 </div>
10819 <div class="date">
10820 6th June 2010
10821 </div>
10822 <div class="body">
10823 <p>Via the
10824 <a href="http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/robweir/antic-atom/~3/QzU4RgoAGMg/weekly-links-10.html">blog
10825 of Rob Weir</a> I came across the very interesting essay named
10826 <a href="http://faculty.haas.berkeley.edu/shapiro/wars.pdf">The Art of
10827 Standards Wars</a> (PDF 25 pages). I recommend it for everyone
10828 following the standards wars of today.</p>
10829
10830 </div>
10831 <div class="tags">
10832
10833
10834 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard</a>.
10835
10836
10837 </div>
10838 </div>
10839 <div class="padding"></div>
10840
10841 <div class="entry">
10842 <div class="title">
10843 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Sitesummary_tip__Listing_computer_hardware_models_used_at_site.html">Sitesummary tip: Listing computer hardware models used at site</a>
10844 </div>
10845 <div class="date">
10846 3rd June 2010
10847 </div>
10848 <div class="body">
10849 <p>When using sitesummary at a site to track machines, it is possible
10850 to get a list of the machine types in use thanks to the DMI
10851 information extracted from each machine. The script to do so is
10852 included in the sitesummary package, and here is example output from
10853 the Skolelinux build servers:</p>
10854
10855 <blockquote><pre>
10856 maintainer:~# /usr/lib/sitesummary/hardware-model-summary
10857 vendor count
10858 Dell Computer Corporation 1
10859 PowerEdge 1750 1
10860 IBM 1
10861 eserver xSeries 345 -[8670M1X]- 1
10862 Intel 2
10863 [no-dmi-info] 3
10864 maintainer:~#
10865 </pre></blockquote>
10866
10867 <p>The quality of the report depend on the quality of the DMI tables
10868 provided in each machine. Here there are Intel machines without model
10869 information listed with Intel as vendor and no model, and virtual Xen
10870 machines listed as [no-dmi-info]. One can add -l as a command line
10871 option to list the individual machines.</p>
10872
10873 <p>A larger list is
10874 <a href="http://narvikskolen.no/sitesummary/">available from the the
10875 city of Narvik</a>, which uses Skolelinux on all their shools and also
10876 provide the basic sitesummary report publicly. In their report there
10877 are ~1400 machines. I know they use both Ubuntu and Skolelinux on
10878 their machines, and as sitesummary is available in both distributions,
10879 it is trivial to get all of them to report to the same central
10880 collector.</p>
10881
10882 </div>
10883 <div class="tags">
10884
10885
10886 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
10887
10888
10889 </div>
10890 </div>
10891 <div class="padding"></div>
10892
10893 <div class="entry">
10894 <div class="title">
10895 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/KDM_fail_at_boot_with_NVidia_cards___and_no_one_try_to_fix_it_.html">KDM fail at boot with NVidia cards - and no one try to fix it?</a>
10896 </div>
10897 <div class="date">
10898 1st June 2010
10899 </div>
10900 <div class="body">
10901 <p>It is strange to watch how a bug in Debian causing KDM to fail to
10902 start at boot when an NVidia video card is used is handled. The
10903 problem seem to be that the nvidia X.org driver uses a long time to
10904 initialize, and this duration is longer than kdm is configured to
10905 wait.</p>
10906
10907 <p>I came across two bugs related to this issue,
10908 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/583312">#583312</a> initially filed
10909 against initscripts and passed on to nvidia-glx when it became obvious
10910 that the nvidia drivers were involved, and
10911 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/524751">#524751</a> initially filed against
10912 kdm and passed on to src:nvidia-graphics-drivers for unknown reasons.</p>
10913
10914 <p>To me, it seem that no-one is interested in actually solving the
10915 problem nvidia video card owners experience and make sure the Debian
10916 distribution work out of the box for these users. The nvidia driver
10917 maintainers expect kdm to be set up to wait longer, while kdm expect
10918 the nvidia driver maintainers to fix the driver to start faster, and
10919 while they wait for each other I guess the users end up switching to a
10920 distribution that work for them. I have no idea what the solution is,
10921 but I am pretty sure that waiting for each other is not it.</p>
10922
10923 <p>I wonder why we end up handling bugs this way.</p>
10924
10925 </div>
10926 <div class="tags">
10927
10928
10929 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
10930
10931
10932 </div>
10933 </div>
10934 <div class="padding"></div>
10935
10936 <div class="entry">
10937 <div class="title">
10938 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Parallellized_boot_seem_to_hold_up_well_in_Debian_testing.html">Parallellized boot seem to hold up well in Debian/testing</a>
10939 </div>
10940 <div class="date">
10941 27th May 2010
10942 </div>
10943 <div class="body">
10944 <p>A few days ago, parallel booting was enabled in Debian/testing.
10945 The feature seem to hold up pretty well, but three fairly serious
10946 issues are known and should be solved:
10947
10948 <p><ul>
10949
10950 <li>The wicd package seen to
10951 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/508289">break NFS mounting</a> and
10952 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/581586">network setup</a> when
10953 parallel booting is enabled. No idea why, but the wicd maintainer
10954 seem to be on the case.</li>
10955
10956 <li>The nvidia X driver seem to
10957 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/583312">have a race condition</a>
10958 triggered more easily when parallel booting is in effect. The
10959 maintainer is on the case.</li>
10960
10961 <li>The sysv-rc package fail to properly enable dependency based boot
10962 sequencing (the shutdown is broken) when old file-rc users
10963 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/575080">try to switch back</a> to
10964 sysv-rc. One way to solve it would be for file-rc to create
10965 /etc/init.d/.legacy-bootordering, and another is to try to make
10966 sysv-rc more robust. Will investigate some more and probably upload a
10967 workaround in sysv-rc to help those trying to move from file-rc to
10968 sysv-rc get a working shutdown.</li>
10969
10970 </ul></p>
10971
10972 <p>All in all not many surprising issues, and all of them seem
10973 solvable before Squeeze is released. In addition to these there are
10974 some packages with bugs in their dependencies and run level settings,
10975 which I expect will be fixed in a reasonable time span.</p>
10976
10977 <p>If you report any problems with dependencies in init.d scripts to
10978 the BTS, please usertag the report to get it to show up at
10979 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/pkgreport.cgi?users=initscripts-ng-devel@lists.alioth.debian.org">the
10980 list of usertagged bugs related to this</a>.</p>
10981
10982 <p>Update: Correct bug number to file-rc issue.</p>
10983
10984 </div>
10985 <div class="tags">
10986
10987
10988 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
10989
10990
10991 </div>
10992 </div>
10993 <div class="padding"></div>
10994
10995 <div class="entry">
10996 <div class="title">
10997 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/More_flexible_firmware_handling_in_debian_installer.html">More flexible firmware handling in debian-installer</a>
10998 </div>
10999 <div class="date">
11000 22nd May 2010
11001 </div>
11002 <div class="body">
11003 <p>After a long break from debian-installer development, I finally
11004 found time today to return to the project. Having to spend less time
11005 working dependency based boot in debian, as it is almost complete now,
11006 definitely helped freeing some time.</p>
11007
11008 <p>A while back, I ran into a problem while working on Debian Edu. We
11009 include some firmware packages on the Debian Edu CDs, those needed to
11010 get disk and network controllers working. Without having these
11011 firmware packages available during installation, it is impossible to
11012 install Debian Edu on the given machine, and because our target group
11013 are non-technical people, asking them to provide firmware packages on
11014 an external medium is a support pain. Initially, I expected it to be
11015 enough to include the firmware packages on the CD to get
11016 debian-installer to find and use them. This proved to be wrong.
11017 Next, I hoped it was enough to symlink the relevant firmware packages
11018 to some useful location on the CD (tried /cdrom/ and
11019 /cdrom/firmware/). This also proved to not work, and at this point I
11020 found time to look at the debian-installer code to figure out what was
11021 going to work.</p>
11022
11023 <p>The firmware loading code is in the hw-detect package, and a closer
11024 look revealed that it would only look for firmware packages outside
11025 the installation media, so the CD was never checked for firmware
11026 packages. It would only check USB sticks, floppies and other
11027 "external" media devices. Today I changed it to also look in the
11028 /cdrom/firmware/ directory on the mounted CD or DVD, which should
11029 solve the problem I ran into with Debian edu. I also changed it to
11030 look in /firmware/, to make sure the installer also find firmware
11031 provided in the initrd when booting the installer via PXE, to allow us
11032 to provide the same feature in the PXE setup included in Debian
11033 Edu.</p>
11034
11035 <p>To make sure firmware deb packages with a license questions are not
11036 activated without asking if the license is accepted, I extended
11037 hw-detect to look for preinst scripts in the firmware packages, and
11038 run these before activating the firmware during installation. The
11039 license question is asked using debconf in the preinst, so this should
11040 solve the issue for the firmware packages I have looked at so far.</p>
11041
11042 <p>If you want to discuss the details of these features, please
11043 contact us on debian-boot@lists.debian.org.</p>
11044
11045 </div>
11046 <div class="tags">
11047
11048
11049 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
11050
11051
11052 </div>
11053 </div>
11054 <div class="padding"></div>
11055
11056 <div class="entry">
11057 <div class="title">
11058 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Pieces_of_the_roaming_laptop_puzzle_in_Debian.html">Pieces of the roaming laptop puzzle in Debian</a>
11059 </div>
11060 <div class="date">
11061 19th May 2010
11062 </div>
11063 <div class="body">
11064 <p>Today, the last piece of the puzzle for roaming laptops in Debian
11065 Edu finally entered the Debian archive. Today, the new
11066 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/libp/libpam-mklocaluser.html">libpam-mklocaluser</a>
11067 package was accepted. Two days ago, two other pieces was accepted
11068 into unstable. The
11069 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/p/pam-python.html">pam-python</a>
11070 package needed by libpam-mklocaluser, and the
11071 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/sssd.html">sssd</a> package
11072 passed NEW on Monday. In addition, the
11073 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/libp/libpam-ccreds.html">libpam-ccreds</a>
11074 package we need is in experimental (version 10-4) since Saturday, and
11075 hopefully will be moved to unstable soon.</p>
11076
11077 <p>This collection of packages allow for two different setups for
11078 roaming laptops. The traditional setup would be using libpam-ccreds,
11079 nscd and libpam-mklocaluser with LDAP or Kerberos authentication,
11080 which should work out of the box if the configuration changes proposed
11081 for nscd in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/485282">BTS report
11082 #485282</a> is implemented. The alternative setup is to use sssd with
11083 libpam-mklocaluser to connect to LDAP or Kerberos and let sssd take
11084 care of the caching of passwords and group information.</p>
11085
11086 <p>I have so far been unable to get sssd to work with the LDAP server
11087 at the University, but suspect the issue is some SSL/GnuTLS related
11088 problem with the server certificate. I plan to update the Debian
11089 package to version 1.2, which is scheduled for next week, and hope to
11090 find time to make sure the next release will include both the
11091 Debian/Ubuntu specific patches. Upstream is friendly and responsive,
11092 and I am sure we will find a good solution.</p>
11093
11094 <p>The idea is to set up the roaming laptops to authenticate using
11095 LDAP or Kerberos and create a local user with home directory in /home/
11096 when a usre in LDAP logs in via KDM or GDM for the first time, and
11097 cache the password for offline checking, as well as caching group
11098 memberhips and other relevant LDAP information. The
11099 libpam-mklocaluser package was created to make sure the local home
11100 directory is in /home/, instead of /site/server/directory/ which would
11101 be the home directory if pam_mkhomedir was used. To avoid confusion
11102 with support requests and configuration, we do not want local laptops
11103 to have users in a path that is used for the same users home directory
11104 on the home directory servers.</p>
11105
11106 <p>One annoying problem with gdm is that it do not show the PAM
11107 message passed to the user from libpam-mklocaluser when the local user
11108 is created. Instead gdm simply reject the login with some generic
11109 message. The message is shown in kdm, ssh and login, so I guess it is
11110 a bug in gdm. Have not investigated if there is some other message
11111 type that can be used instead to get gdm to also show the message.</p>
11112
11113 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
11114 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11115
11116 </div>
11117 <div class="tags">
11118
11119
11120 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11121
11122
11123 </div>
11124 </div>
11125 <div class="padding"></div>
11126
11127 <div class="entry">
11128 <div class="title">
11129 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Parallellized_boot_is_now_the_default_in_Debian_unstable.html">Parallellized boot is now the default in Debian/unstable</a>
11130 </div>
11131 <div class="date">
11132 14th May 2010
11133 </div>
11134 <div class="body">
11135 <p>Since this evening, parallel booting is the default in
11136 Debian/unstable for machines using dependency based boot sequencing.
11137 Apparently the testing of concurrent booting has been wider than
11138 expected, if I am to believe the
11139 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-devel/2010/05/msg00122.html">input
11140 on debian-devel@</a>, and I concluded a few days ago to move forward
11141 with the feature this weekend, to give us some time to detect any
11142 remaining problems before Squeeze is frozen. If serious problems are
11143 detected, it is simple to change the default back to sequential boot.
11144 The upload of the new sysvinit package also activate a new upstream
11145 version.</p>
11146
11147 More information about
11148 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/LSBInitScripts/DependencyBasedBoot">dependency
11149 based boot sequencing</a> is available from the Debian wiki. It is
11150 currently possible to disable parallel booting when one run into
11151 problems caused by it, by adding this line to /etc/default/rcS:</p>
11152
11153 <blockquote><pre>
11154 CONCURRENCY=none
11155 </pre></blockquote>
11156
11157 <p>If you report any problems with dependencies in init.d scripts to
11158 the BTS, please usertag the report to get it to show up at
11159 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/pkgreport.cgi?users=initscripts-ng-devel@lists.alioth.debian.org">the
11160 list of usertagged bugs related to this</a>.</p>
11161
11162 </div>
11163 <div class="tags">
11164
11165
11166 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
11167
11168
11169 </div>
11170 </div>
11171 <div class="padding"></div>
11172
11173 <div class="entry">
11174 <div class="title">
11175 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Sitesummary_tip__Listing_MAC_address_of_all_clients.html">Sitesummary tip: Listing MAC address of all clients</a>
11176 </div>
11177 <div class="date">
11178 14th May 2010
11179 </div>
11180 <div class="body">
11181 <p>In the recent Debian Edu versions, the
11182 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/SiteSummary">sitesummary
11183 system</a> is used to keep track of the machines in the school
11184 network. Each machine will automatically report its status to the
11185 central server after boot and once per night. The network setup is
11186 also reported, and using this information it is possible to get the
11187 MAC address of all network interfaces in the machines. This is useful
11188 to update the DHCP configuration.</p>
11189
11190 <p>To give some idea how to use sitesummary, here is a one-liner to
11191 ist all MAC addresses of all machines reporting to sitesummary. Run
11192 this on the collector host:</p>
11193
11194 <blockquote><pre>
11195 perl -MSiteSummary -e 'for_all_hosts(sub { print join(" ", get_macaddresses(shift)), "\n"; });'
11196 </pre></blockquote>
11197
11198 <p>This will list all MAC addresses assosiated with all machine, one
11199 line per machine and with space between the MAC addresses.</p>
11200
11201 <p>To allow system administrators easier job at adding static DHCP
11202 addresses for hosts, it would be possible to extend this to fetch
11203 machine information from sitesummary and update the DHCP and DNS
11204 tables in LDAP using this information. Such tool is unfortunately not
11205 written yet.</p>
11206
11207 </div>
11208 <div class="tags">
11209
11210
11211 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
11212
11213
11214 </div>
11215 </div>
11216 <div class="padding"></div>
11217
11218 <div class="entry">
11219 <div class="title">
11220 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Forcing_new_users_to_change_their_password_on_first_login.html">Forcing new users to change their password on first login</a>
11221 </div>
11222 <div class="date">
11223 2nd May 2010
11224 </div>
11225 <div class="body">
11226 <p>One interesting feature in Active Directory, is the ability to
11227 create a new user with an expired password, and thus force the user to
11228 change the password on the first login attempt.</p>
11229
11230 <p>I'm not quite sure how to do that with the LDAP setup in Debian
11231 Edu, but did some initial testing with a local account. The account
11232 and password aging information is available in /etc/shadow, but
11233 unfortunately, it is not possible to specify an expiration time for
11234 passwords, only a maximum age for passwords.</p>
11235
11236 <p>A freshly created account (using adduser test) will have these
11237 settings in /etc/shadow:</p>
11238
11239 <blockquote><pre>
11240 root@tjener:~# chage -l test
11241 Last password change : May 02, 2010
11242 Password expires : never
11243 Password inactive : never
11244 Account expires : never
11245 Minimum number of days between password change : 0
11246 Maximum number of days between password change : 99999
11247 Number of days of warning before password expires : 7
11248 root@tjener:~#
11249 </pre></blockquote>
11250
11251 <p>The only way I could come up with to create a user with an expired
11252 account, is to change the date of the last password change to the
11253 lowest value possible (January 1th 1970), and the maximum password age
11254 to the difference in days between that date and today. To make it
11255 simple, I went for 30 years (30 * 365 = 10950) and January 2th (to
11256 avoid testing if 0 is a valid value).</p>
11257
11258 <p>After using these commands to set it up, it seem to work as
11259 intended:</p>
11260
11261 <blockquote><pre>
11262 root@tjener:~# chage -d 1 test; chage -M 10950 test
11263 root@tjener:~# chage -l test
11264 Last password change : Jan 02, 1970
11265 Password expires : never
11266 Password inactive : never
11267 Account expires : never
11268 Minimum number of days between password change : 0
11269 Maximum number of days between password change : 10950
11270 Number of days of warning before password expires : 7
11271 root@tjener:~#
11272 </pre></blockquote>
11273
11274 <p>So far I have tested this with ssh and console, and kdm (in
11275 Squeeze) login, and all ask for a new password before login in the
11276 user (with ssh, I was thrown out and had to log in again).</p>
11277
11278 <p>Perhaps we should set up something similar for Debian Edu, to make
11279 sure only the user itself have the account password?</p>
11280
11281 <p>If you want to comment on or help out with implementing this for
11282 Debian Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11283
11284 <p>Update 2010-05-02 17:20: Paul Tötterman tells me on IRC that the
11285 shadow(8) page in Debian/testing now state that setting the date of
11286 last password change to zero (0) will force the password to be changed
11287 on the first login. This was not mentioned in the manual in Lenny, so
11288 I did not notice this in my initial testing. I have tested it on
11289 Squeeze, and '<tt>chage -d 0 username</tt>' do work there. I have not
11290 tested it on Lenny yet.</p>
11291
11292 <p>Update 2010-05-02-19:05: Jim Paris tells me via email that an
11293 equivalent command to expire a password is '<tt>passwd -e
11294 username</tt>', which insert zero into the date of the last password
11295 change.</p>
11296
11297 </div>
11298 <div class="tags">
11299
11300
11301 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet</a>.
11302
11303
11304 </div>
11305 </div>
11306 <div class="padding"></div>
11307
11308 <div class="entry">
11309 <div class="title">
11310 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Thoughts_on_roaming_laptop_setup_for_Debian_Edu.html">Thoughts on roaming laptop setup for Debian Edu</a>
11311 </div>
11312 <div class="date">
11313 28th April 2010
11314 </div>
11315 <div class="body">
11316 <p>For some years now, I have wondered how we should handle laptops in
11317 Debian Edu. The Debian Edu infrastructure is mostly designed to
11318 handle stationary computers, and less suited for computers that come
11319 and go.</p>
11320
11321 <p>Now I finally believe I have an sensible idea on how to adjust
11322 Debian Edu for laptops, by introducing a new profile for them, for
11323 example called Roaming Workstations. Here are my thought on this.
11324 The setup would consist of the following:</p>
11325
11326 <ul>
11327
11328 <li>During installation, the user name of the owner / primary user of
11329 the laptop is requested and a local home directory is set up for
11330 the user, with uid and gid information fetched from the LDAP
11331 server. This allow the user to work also when offline. The
11332 central home directory can be available in a subdirectory on
11333 request, for example mounted via CIFS. It could be mounted
11334 automatically when a user log in while on the Debian Edu network,
11335 and unmounted when the machine is taken away (network down,
11336 hibernate, etc), it can be set up to do automatic mounting on
11337 request (using autofs), or perhaps some GUI button on the desktop
11338 can be used to access it when needed. Perhaps it is enough to use
11339 the fish protocol in KDE?</li>
11340
11341 <li>Password checking is set up to use LDAP or Kerberos
11342 authentication when the machine is on the Debian Edu network, and
11343 to cache the password for offline checking when the machine unable
11344 to reach the LDAP or Kerberos server. This can be done using
11345 <a href="http://www.padl.com/OSS/pam_ccreds.html">libpam-ccreds</a>
11346 or the Fedora developed
11347 <a href="https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/SSSD">System
11348 Security Services Daemon</a> packages.</li>
11349
11350 <li>File synchronisation with the central home directory is set up
11351 using a shared directory in both the local and the central home
11352 directory, using unison.</li>
11353
11354 <li>Printing should be set up to print to all printers broadcasting
11355 their existence on the local network, and should then work out of
11356 the box with CUPS. For sites needing accurate printer quotas, some
11357 system with Kerberos authentication or printing via ssh could be
11358 implemented.</li>
11359
11360 <li>For users that should have local root access to their laptop,
11361 sudo should be used to allow this to the local user.</li>
11362
11363 <li>It would be nice if user and group information from LDAP is
11364 cached on the client, but given that there are entries for the
11365 local user and primary group in /etc/, it should not be needed.</li>
11366
11367 </ul>
11368
11369 <p>I believe all the pieces to implement this are in Debian/testing at
11370 the moment. If we work quickly, we should be able to get this ready
11371 in time for the Squeeze release to freeze. Some of the pieces need
11372 tweaking, like libpam-ccreds should get support for pam-auth-update
11373 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/566718">#566718</a>) and nslcd (or
11374 perhaps debian-edu-config) should get some integration code to stop
11375 its daemon when the LDAP server is unavailable to avoid long timeouts
11376 when disconnected from the net. If we get Kerberos enabled, we need
11377 to make sure we avoid long timeouts there too.</p>
11378
11379 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
11380 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11381
11382 </div>
11383 <div class="tags">
11384
11385
11386 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11387
11388
11389 </div>
11390 </div>
11391 <div class="padding"></div>
11392
11393 <div class="entry">
11394 <div class="title">
11395 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Kerberos_for_Debian_Edu_Squeeze_.html">Kerberos for Debian Edu/Squeeze?</a>
11396 </div>
11397 <div class="date">
11398 14th April 2010
11399 </div>
11400 <div class="body">
11401 <p><a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20100413-kerberos/">Yesterdays
11402 NUUG presentation</a> about Kerberos was inspiring, and reminded me
11403 about the need to start using Kerberos in Skolelinux. Setting up a
11404 Kerberos server seem to be straight forward, and if we get this in
11405 place a long time before the Squeeze version of Debian freezes, we
11406 have a chance to migrate Skolelinux away from NFSv3 for the home
11407 directories, and over to an architecture where the infrastructure do
11408 not have to trust IP addresses and machines, and instead can trust
11409 users and cryptographic keys instead.</p>
11410
11411 <p>A challenge will be integration and administration. Is there a
11412 Kerberos implementation for Debian where one can control the
11413 administration access in Kerberos using LDAP groups? With it, the
11414 school administration will have to maintain access control using flat
11415 files on the main server, which give a huge potential for errors.</p>
11416
11417 <p>A related question I would like to know is how well Kerberos and
11418 pam-ccreds (offline password check) work together. Anyone know?</p>
11419
11420 <p>Next step will be to use Kerberos for access control in Lwat and
11421 Nagios. I have no idea how much work that will be to implement. We
11422 would also need to document how to integrate with Windows AD, as such
11423 shared network will require two Kerberos realms that need to cooperate
11424 to work properly.</p>
11425
11426 <p>I believe a good start would be to start using Kerberos on the
11427 skolelinux.no machines, and this way get ourselves experience with
11428 configuration and integration. A natural starting point would be
11429 setting up ldap.skolelinux.no as the Kerberos server, and migrate the
11430 rest of the machines from PAM via LDAP to PAM via Kerberos one at the
11431 time.</p>
11432
11433 <p>If you would like to contribute to get this working in Skolelinux,
11434 I recommend you to see the video recording from yesterdays NUUG
11435 presentation, and start using Kerberos at home. The video show show
11436 up in a few days.</p>
11437
11438 </div>
11439 <div class="tags">
11440
11441
11442 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11443
11444
11445 </div>
11446 </div>
11447 <div class="padding"></div>
11448
11449 <div class="entry">
11450 <div class="title">
11451 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/After_6_years_of_waiting__the_Xreset_d_feature_is_implemented.html">After 6 years of waiting, the Xreset.d feature is implemented</a>
11452 </div>
11453 <div class="date">
11454 6th March 2010
11455 </div>
11456 <div class="body">
11457 <p>6 years ago, as part of the Debian Edu development I am involved
11458 in, I asked for a hook in the kdm and gdm setup to run scripts as root
11459 when the user log out. A bug was submitted against the xfree86-common
11460 package in 2004 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/230422">#230422</a>),
11461 and revisited every time Debian Edu was working on a new release.
11462 Today, this finally paid off.</p>
11463
11464 <p>The framework for this feature was today commited to the git
11465 repositry for the xorg package, and the git repository for xdm has
11466 been updated to use this framework. Next on my agenda is to make sure
11467 kdm and gdm also add code to use this framework.</p>
11468
11469 <p>In Debian Edu, we want to ability to run commands as root when the
11470 user log out, to get rid of runaway processes and do general cleanup
11471 after a user. With this framework in place, we finally can do that in
11472 a generic way that work with all display managers using this
11473 framework. My goal is to get all display managers in Debian use it,
11474 similar to how they use the Xsession.d framework today.<p>
11475
11476 </div>
11477 <div class="tags">
11478
11479
11480 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11481
11482
11483 </div>
11484 </div>
11485 <div class="padding"></div>
11486
11487 <div class="entry">
11488 <div class="title">
11489 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Lenny_released__work_continues.html">Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Lenny released, work continues</a>
11490 </div>
11491 <div class="date">
11492 11th February 2010
11493 </div>
11494 <div class="body">
11495 <p>On Tuesday, the Debian/Lenny based version of
11496 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> was finally
11497 shipped. This was a major leap forward for the project, and I am very
11498 pleased that we finally got the release wrapped up. Work on the first
11499 point release starts imediately, as we plan to get that one out a
11500 month after the major release, to include all fixes for bugs we found
11501 and fixed too late in the release process to include last Tuesday.</p>
11502
11503 <p>Perhaps it even is time for some partying?</p>
11504
11505 <p>After this first point release, my plan is to focus again on the
11506 next major release, based on Squeeze. We will try to get as many of
11507 the fixes we need into the official Debian packages before the freeze,
11508 and have just a few weeks or months to make it happen.</p>
11509
11510 </div>
11511 <div class="tags">
11512
11513
11514 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11515
11516
11517 </div>
11518 </div>
11519 <div class="padding"></div>
11520
11521 <div class="entry">
11522 <div class="title">
11523 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_Munin_and_Nagios_configuration.html">Automatic Munin and Nagios configuration</a>
11524 </div>
11525 <div class="date">
11526 27th January 2010
11527 </div>
11528 <div class="body">
11529 <p>One of the new features in the next Debian/Lenny based release of
11530 Debian Edu/Skolelinux, which is scheduled for release in the next few
11531 days, is automatic configuration of the service monitoring system
11532 Nagios. The previous release had automatic configuration of trend
11533 analysis using Munin, and this Lenny based release take that a step
11534 further.</p>
11535
11536 <p>When installing a Debian Edu Main-server, it is automatically
11537 configured as a Munin and Nagios server. In addition, it is
11538 configured to be a server for the
11539 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/SiteSummary">SiteSummary
11540 system</a> I have written for use in Debian Edu. The SiteSummary
11541 system is inspired by a system used by the University of Oslo where I
11542 work. In short, the system provide a centralised collector of
11543 information about the computers on the network, and a client on each
11544 computer submitting information to this collector. This allow for
11545 automatic information on which packages are installed on each machine,
11546 which kernel the machines are using, what kind of configuration the
11547 packages got etc. This also allow us to automatically generate Munin
11548 and Nagios configuration.</p>
11549
11550 <p>All computers reporting to the sitesummary collector with the
11551 munin-node package installed is automatically enabled as a Munin
11552 client and graphs from the statistics collected from that machine show
11553 up automatically on http://www/munin/ on the Main-server.</p>
11554
11555 <p>All non-laptop computers reporting to the sitesummary collector are
11556 automatically monitored for network presence (ping and any network
11557 services detected). In addition, all computers (also laptops) with
11558 the nagios-nrpe-server package installed and configured the way
11559 sitesummary would configure it, are monitored for full disks, software
11560 raid status, swap free and other checks that need to run locally on
11561 the machine.</p>
11562
11563 <p>The result is that the administrator on a school using Debian Edu
11564 based on Lenny will be able to check the health of his installation
11565 with one look at the Nagios settings, without having to spend any time
11566 keeping the Nagios configuration up-to-date.</p>
11567
11568 <p>The only configuration one need to do to get Nagios up and running
11569 is to set the password used to get access via HTTP. The system
11570 administrator need to run "<tt>htpasswd /etc/nagios3/htpasswd.users
11571 nagiosadmin</tt>" to create a nagiosadmin user and set a password for
11572 it to be able to log into the Nagios web pages. After that,
11573 everything is taken care of.</p>
11574
11575 </div>
11576 <div class="tags">
11577
11578
11579 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
11580
11581
11582 </div>
11583 </div>
11584 <div class="padding"></div>
11585
11586 <div class="entry">
11587 <div class="title">
11588 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Opphavet_til_Skolelinux_prosjektet.html">Opphavet til Skolelinux-prosjektet</a>
11589 </div>
11590 <div class="date">
11591 17th December 2009
11592 </div>
11593 <div class="body">
11594 <p>De færreste er klar over at Skolelinux-prosjektet kom som et resultat
11595 av en avgjørelse på årsmøtet i
11596 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">NUUG</a> i 2000-06-29, der Håkon Wium
11597 Lie, da varamedlem i styret, tok på seg oppdraget om å starte et
11598 initiativ kalt "Teach the Teacher", som skulle være et initiativ for
11599 å få fri programvare og unix-lignende operativsystemer inn i Skolen.
11600 Tanken var at en måtte starte med lærerne for at ungene skulle få
11601 mulighet til å møte en bedre IT-hverdag. Jeg var tilstede på
11602 møtet, og hadde sans for ideen, men intet skjedde. På vårparten
11603 2001 ble det arrangert en demonstrasjon i anledning at First Tuesday
11604 hadde invitert Microsoft til et møte for å fortelle om fremtidens
11605 Internet. Dette provoserte endel av oss, og EFN og NUUG tok initiativ
11606 til å arrangere
11607 <a href="http://www.digi.no/60982/first-tuesday-mote-med-microsoft-protest">en
11608 demonstrasjon utenfor lokalene 2001-05-21</a>. Blant de som sto bak
11609 demonstrasjonen var Vidar Bakke fra NUUG og Håkon W. Lie fra EFN.
11610 Etter demonstrasjonen arrangerte Håkon en fest hjemme hos seg der alle
11611 som hadde vært aktive i demonstrasjonsplanlegging og gjennomføringen
11612 deltok. Før festen var jeg blitt lei av å vente på at Håkon skulle ta
11613 initiativ til "Teach the Teacher", og for å forsøke å få litt fremgang
11614 besteme jeg meg for å benytte anledningen hos Håkon til å snakke om
11615 behovet for å hjelpe skolene i gang med bedre datasystemer bestående
11616 av fri programvare og unix-lignende operativsystemer. Flere var
11617 interessert, og Knut Yrvin tenkte på ideen. Han
11618 <a href="http://developer.skolelinux.no/brev/2001-06-28-invitasjon-skolelinux.txt">ropte
11619 sammen</a> til et stiftelsesmøte i prosjektet i sin arbeidsgivers
11620 Objectwares lokaler ved Ullevål stadion 2001-07-02, og jeg ble med.
11621 Resten er historie. :)</p>
11622
11623 </div>
11624 <div class="tags">
11625
11626
11627 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11628
11629
11630 </div>
11631 </div>
11632 <div class="padding"></div>
11633
11634 <div class="entry">
11635 <div class="title">
11636 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_operativt_webbasert_medlemsregister_for_Fri_programvare_i_skolen.html">Endelig operativt webbasert medlemsregister for Fri programvare i skolen</a>
11637 </div>
11638 <div class="date">
11639 2nd November 2009
11640 </div>
11641 <div class="body">
11642 <p>Under helgens utviklersamling i
11643 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.no/">Skolelinux</a> fikk jeg endelig
11644 satt meg ned sammen med Ronny Aasen i styret for å få et webbasert
11645 medlemsregister tilbake på plass for foreningen som passer på
11646 skolelinuxprosjektet. Etter flere års knot og problemer, er nå
11647 memberdb satt opp og klart til bruk. Import av det gamle
11648 medlemsregisteret har vist seg vanskelig, så alle medlemmer bes om å
11649 registrere seg på nytt. Hvis du støtter FRiSKs formål så er du
11650 hjertelig velkommen til
11651 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">å melde deg
11652 inn</a>. Formålet lyder:</p>
11653
11654 <blockquote>Linux i skolen skal tilrettelegge for og informere om bruk
11655 av fri programvare, i henhold til Debian Free Software Guidelines av
11656 2002-02-03, i den norske skolen, slik som f.eks. Linux og
11657 GNU.</blockquote>
11658
11659 </div>
11660 <div class="tags">
11661
11662
11663 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
11664
11665
11666 </div>
11667 </div>
11668 <div class="padding"></div>
11669
11670 <div class="entry">
11671 <div class="title">
11672 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Returning_from_Skolelinux_developer_gathering.html">Returning from Skolelinux developer gathering</a>
11673 </div>
11674 <div class="date">
11675 29th March 2009
11676 </div>
11677 <div class="body">
11678 <p>I'm sitting on the train going home from this weekends Debian
11679 Edu/Skolelinux development gathering. I got a bit done tuning the
11680 desktop, and looked into the dynamic service location protocol
11681 implementation avahi. It look like it could be useful for us. Almost
11682 30 people participated, and I believe it was a great environment to
11683 get to know the Skolelinux system. Walter Bender, involved in the
11684 development of the Sugar educational platform, presented his stuff and
11685 also helped me improve my OLPC installation. He also showed me that
11686 his Turtle Art application can be used in standalone mode, and we
11687 agreed that I would help getting it packaged for Debian. As a
11688 standalone application it would be great for Debian Edu. We also
11689 tried to get the video conferencing working with two OLPCs, but that
11690 proved to be too hard for us. The application seem to need more work
11691 before it is ready for me. I look forward to getting home and relax
11692 now. :)</p>
11693
11694 </div>
11695 <div class="tags">
11696
11697
11698 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11699
11700
11701 </div>
11702 </div>
11703 <div class="padding"></div>
11704
11705 <div class="entry">
11706 <div class="title">
11707 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">Time for new LDAP schemas replacing RFC 2307?</a>
11708 </div>
11709 <div class="date">
11710 29th March 2009
11711 </div>
11712 <div class="body">
11713 <p>The state of standardized LDAP schemas on Linux is far from
11714 optimal. There is RFC 2307 documenting one way to store NIS maps in
11715 LDAP, and a modified version of this normally called RFC 2307bis, with
11716 some modifications to be compatible with Active Directory. The RFC
11717 specification handle the content of a lot of system databases, but do
11718 not handle DNS zones and DHCP configuration.</p>
11719
11720 <p>In <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux</a>,
11721 we would like to store information about users, SMB clients/hosts,
11722 filegroups, netgroups (users and hosts), DHCP and DNS configuration,
11723 and LTSP configuration in LDAP. These objects have a lot in common,
11724 but with the current LDAP schemas it is not possible to have one
11725 object per entity. For example, one need to have at least three LDAP
11726 objects for a given computer, one with the SMB related stuff, one with
11727 DNS information and another with DHCP information. The schemas
11728 provided for DNS and DHCP are impossible to combine into one LDAP
11729 object. In addition, it is impossible to implement quick queries for
11730 netgroup membership, because of the way NIS triples are implemented.
11731 It just do not scale. I believe it is time for a few RFC
11732 specifications to cleam up this mess.</p>
11733
11734 <p>I would like to have one LDAP object representing each computer in
11735 the network, and this object can then keep the SMB (ie host key), DHCP
11736 (mac address/name) and DNS (name/IP address) settings in one place.
11737 It need to be efficently stored to make sure it scale well.</p>
11738
11739 <p>I would also like to have a quick way to map from a user or
11740 computer and to the net group this user or computer is a member.</p>
11741
11742 <p>Active Directory have done a better job than unix heads like myself
11743 in this regard, and the unix side need to catch up. Time to start a
11744 new IETF work group?</p>
11745
11746 </div>
11747 <div class="tags">
11748
11749
11750 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11751
11752
11753 </div>
11754 </div>
11755 <div class="padding"></div>
11756
11757 <div class="entry">
11758 <div class="title">
11759 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_er_Debian_Lenny_gitt_ut.html">Endelig er Debian Lenny gitt ut</a>
11760 </div>
11761 <div class="date">
11762 15th February 2009
11763 </div>
11764 <div class="body">
11765 <p>Endelig er <a href="http://www.debian.org/">Debian</a>
11766 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2009/20090214">Lenny</a> gitt ut.
11767 Et langt steg videre for Debian-prosjektet, og en rekke nye
11768 programpakker blir nå tilgjengelig for de av oss som bruker den
11769 stabile utgaven av Debian. Neste steg er nå å få
11770 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> /
11771 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/">Debian Edu</a> ferdig
11772 oppdatert for den nye utgaven, slik at en oppdatert versjon kan
11773 slippes løs på skolene. Takk til alle debian-utviklerne som har
11774 gjort dette mulig. Endelig er f.eks. fungerende avhengighetsstyrt
11775 bootsekvens tilgjengelig i stabil utgave, vha pakken
11776 <tt>insserv</tt>.</p>
11777
11778 </div>
11779 <div class="tags">
11780
11781
11782 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
11783
11784
11785 </div>
11786 </div>
11787 <div class="padding"></div>
11788
11789 <div class="entry">
11790 <div class="title">
11791 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_norsk_stavekontroll_med_st_tte_for_ord_med_bindestrek.html">Endelig norsk stavekontroll med støtte for ord med bindestrek</a>
11792 </div>
11793 <div class="date">
11794 26th December 2008
11795 </div>
11796 <div class="body">
11797 <p>Etter flere års mislykkede forsøk på å skrive om byggesystemet for
11798 <a href="http://no.speling.org/">den norske stavekontrollen for bokmål
11799 og nynorsk</a> til å ikke bruke bindestrek som ordskillemarkør, lyktes jeg
11800 endelig første juledag. Bruken av bindestrek som ordskillemarkør har
11801 gjort det umulig å få med ord med bindestrek i
11802 stavekontrolldatagrunnlaget, slik at ord som e-post og CD-spiller ikke
11803 kunne godtas av stavekontrollen. Hadde litt tid til overs å bruke på
11804 stavekontrollen, og satte meg ned med to kopier av byggsystemet og en
11805 liten testdatafil, og byttet ut - med = på utvalgte steder i
11806 byggsystemet og datafilen helt til jeg fikk samme resultat med det
11807 gamle og det nye byggsystemet. Dette tror jeg var forsøk 4, der de
11808 foregående har feilet uten at jeg klarte å forstå hvorfor. Det sier
11809 kanskje litt om kompleksiteten i det originale byggsystemet som Rune
11810 Kleveland laget i sin tid.</p>
11811
11812 <p>Etter å ha endret byggsystemet, var neste steg å importere ordene
11813 med bindestrek. Vi har en rekke slike i databasene for
11814 <a href="http://tyge.sslug.dk/~korsvoll/nb.speling.org/htdocs/">bokmål</a>
11815 og
11816 <a href="http://tyge.sslug.dk/~korsvoll/nn.speling.org/htdocs/">nynorsk</a>
11817 for korrektur av datagrunnlaget for stavekontrollen, og etter importen
11818 skulle nå 10350 nye ord bli godkjent som korrekt stavede ord av
11819 stavekontrollen.</p>
11820
11821 </div>
11822 <div class="tags">
11823
11824
11825 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
11826
11827
11828 </div>
11829 </div>
11830 <div class="padding"></div>
11831
11832 <div class="entry">
11833 <div class="title">
11834 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Devcamp_brought_us_closer_to_the_Lenny_based_Debian_Edu_release.html">Devcamp brought us closer to the Lenny based Debian Edu release</a>
11835 </div>
11836 <div class="date">
11837 7th December 2008
11838 </div>
11839 <div class="body">
11840 <p>This weekend we had a small developer gathering for Debian Edu in
11841 Oslo. Most of Saturday was used for the general assemly for the
11842 member organization, but the rest of the weekend I used to tune the
11843 LTSP installation. LTSP now work out of the box on the 10-network.
11844 Acer Aspire One proved to be a very nice thin client, with both
11845 screen, mouse and keybard in a small box. Was working on getting the
11846 diskless workstation setup configured out of the box, but did not
11847 finish it before the weekend was up.</p>
11848
11849 <p>Did not find time to look at the 4 VGA cards in one box we got from
11850 the Brazilian group, so that will have to wait for the next
11851 development gathering. Would love to have the Debian Edu installer
11852 automatically detect and configure a multiseat setup when it find one
11853 of these cards.</p>
11854
11855 </div>
11856 <div class="tags">
11857
11858
11859 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp</a>.
11860
11861
11862 </div>
11863 </div>
11864 <div class="padding"></div>
11865
11866 <div class="entry">
11867 <div class="title">
11868 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_sorry_state_of_multimedia_browser_plugins_in_Debian.html">The sorry state of multimedia browser plugins in Debian</a>
11869 </div>
11870 <div class="date">
11871 25th November 2008
11872 </div>
11873 <div class="body">
11874 <p>Recently I have spent some time evaluating the multimedia browser
11875 plugins available in Debian Lenny, to see which one we should use by
11876 default in Debian Edu. We need an embedded video playing plugin with
11877 control buttons to pause or stop the video, and capable of streaming
11878 all the multimedia content available on the web. The test results and
11879 notes are available on
11880 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/BrowserMultimedia">the
11881 Debian wiki</a>. I was surprised how few of the plugins are able to
11882 fill this need. My personal video player favorite, VLC, has a really
11883 bad plugin which fail on a lot of the test pages. A lot of the MIME
11884 types I would expect to work with any free software player (like
11885 video/ogg), just do not work. And simple formats like the
11886 audio/x-mplegurl format (m3u playlists), just isn't supported by the
11887 totem and vlc plugins. I hope the situation will improve soon. No
11888 wonder sites use the proprietary Adobe flash to play video.</p>
11889
11890 <p>For Lenny, we seem to end up with the mplayer plugin. It seem to
11891 be the only one fitting our needs. :/</p>
11892
11893 </div>
11894 <div class="tags">
11895
11896
11897 Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
11898
11899
11900 </div>
11901 </div>
11902 <div class="padding"></div>
11903
11904 <p style="text-align: right;"><a href="debian edu.rss"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/xml.gif" alt="RSS Feed" width="36" height="14" /></a></p>
11905 <div id="sidebar">
11906
11907
11908
11909 <h2>Archive</h2>
11910 <ul>
11911
11912 <li>2013
11913 <ul>
11914
11915 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/01/">January (11)</a></li>
11916
11917 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/02/">February (9)</a></li>
11918
11919 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/03/">March (9)</a></li>
11920
11921 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/04/">April (6)</a></li>
11922
11923 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/05/">May (9)</a></li>
11924
11925 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/06/">June (5)</a></li>
11926
11927 </ul></li>
11928
11929 <li>2012
11930 <ul>
11931
11932 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/01/">January (7)</a></li>
11933
11934 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/02/">February (10)</a></li>
11935
11936 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/03/">March (17)</a></li>
11937
11938 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/04/">April (12)</a></li>
11939
11940 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/05/">May (12)</a></li>
11941
11942 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/06/">June (20)</a></li>
11943
11944 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/07/">July (17)</a></li>
11945
11946 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/08/">August (6)</a></li>
11947
11948 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/09/">September (9)</a></li>
11949
11950 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/10/">October (17)</a></li>
11951
11952 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/11/">November (10)</a></li>
11953
11954 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/12/">December (7)</a></li>
11955
11956 </ul></li>
11957
11958 <li>2011
11959 <ul>
11960
11961 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/01/">January (16)</a></li>
11962
11963 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/02/">February (6)</a></li>
11964
11965 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/03/">March (6)</a></li>
11966
11967 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/04/">April (7)</a></li>
11968
11969 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/05/">May (3)</a></li>
11970
11971 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/06/">June (2)</a></li>
11972
11973 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/07/">July (7)</a></li>
11974
11975 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/08/">August (6)</a></li>
11976
11977 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/09/">September (4)</a></li>
11978
11979 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/10/">October (2)</a></li>
11980
11981 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/11/">November (3)</a></li>
11982
11983 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/12/">December (1)</a></li>
11984
11985 </ul></li>
11986
11987 <li>2010
11988 <ul>
11989
11990 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/01/">January (2)</a></li>
11991
11992 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/02/">February (1)</a></li>
11993
11994 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/03/">March (3)</a></li>
11995
11996 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/04/">April (3)</a></li>
11997
11998 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/05/">May (9)</a></li>
11999
12000 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/06/">June (14)</a></li>
12001
12002 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/07/">July (12)</a></li>
12003
12004 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/08/">August (13)</a></li>
12005
12006 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/09/">September (7)</a></li>
12007
12008 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/10/">October (9)</a></li>
12009
12010 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/11/">November (13)</a></li>
12011
12012 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/12/">December (12)</a></li>
12013
12014 </ul></li>
12015
12016 <li>2009
12017 <ul>
12018
12019 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/01/">January (8)</a></li>
12020
12021 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/02/">February (8)</a></li>
12022
12023 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/03/">March (12)</a></li>
12024
12025 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/04/">April (10)</a></li>
12026
12027 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/05/">May (9)</a></li>
12028
12029 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/06/">June (3)</a></li>
12030
12031 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/07/">July (4)</a></li>
12032
12033 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/08/">August (3)</a></li>
12034
12035 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/09/">September (1)</a></li>
12036
12037 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/10/">October (2)</a></li>
12038
12039 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/11/">November (3)</a></li>
12040
12041 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/12/">December (3)</a></li>
12042
12043 </ul></li>
12044
12045 <li>2008
12046 <ul>
12047
12048 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/11/">November (5)</a></li>
12049
12050 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/12/">December (7)</a></li>
12051
12052 </ul></li>
12053
12054 </ul>
12055
12056
12057
12058 <h2>Tags</h2>
12059 <ul>
12060
12061 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/3d-printer">3d-printer (13)</a></li>
12062
12063 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/amiga">amiga (1)</a></li>
12064
12065 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/aros">aros (1)</a></li>
12066
12067 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bankid">bankid (4)</a></li>
12068
12069 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bitcoin">bitcoin (7)</a></li>
12070
12071 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem (12)</a></li>
12072
12073 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bsa">bsa (2)</a></li>
12074
12075 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian (76)</a></li>
12076
12077 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu (132)</a></li>
12078
12079 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/digistan">digistan (10)</a></li>
12080
12081 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook (9)</a></li>
12082
12083 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/drivstoffpriser">drivstoffpriser (4)</a></li>
12084
12085 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english (198)</a></li>
12086
12087 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fiksgatami">fiksgatami (21)</a></li>
12088
12089 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fildeling">fildeling (12)</a></li>
12090
12091 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture (11)</a></li>
12092
12093 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/frikanalen">frikanalen (11)</a></li>
12094
12095 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju (35)</a></li>
12096
12097 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram (6)</a></li>
12098
12099 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kart">kart (18)</a></li>
12100
12101 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap (8)</a></li>
12102
12103 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker (6)</a></li>
12104
12105 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp (1)</a></li>
12106
12107 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia (25)</a></li>
12108
12109 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk (234)</a></li>
12110
12111 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug (152)</a></li>
12112
12113 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn (8)</a></li>
12114
12115 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/open311">open311 (2)</a></li>
12116
12117 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett (44)</a></li>
12118
12119 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern (65)</a></li>
12120
12121 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/raid">raid (1)</a></li>
12122
12123 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reprap">reprap (11)</a></li>
12124
12125 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rfid">rfid (2)</a></li>
12126
12127 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/robot">robot (7)</a></li>
12128
12129 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rss">rss (1)</a></li>
12130
12131 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ruter">ruter (4)</a></li>
12132
12133 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/scraperwiki">scraperwiki (2)</a></li>
12134
12135 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet (29)</a></li>
12136
12137 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary (4)</a></li>
12138
12139 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/skepsis">skepsis (4)</a></li>
12140
12141 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard (43)</a></li>
12142
12143 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll (3)</a></li>
12144
12145 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stortinget">stortinget (7)</a></li>
12146
12147 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance (15)</a></li>
12148
12149 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sysadmin">sysadmin (1)</a></li>
12150
12151 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/valg">valg (7)</a></li>
12152
12153 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video (38)</a></li>
12154
12155 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/vitenskap">vitenskap (4)</a></li>
12156
12157 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web (26)</a></li>
12158
12159 </ul>
12160
12161
12162 </div>
12163 <p style="text-align: right">
12164 Created by <a href="http://steve.org.uk/Software/chronicle">Chronicle v4.6</a>
12165 </p>
12166
12167 </body>
12168 </html>